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authorRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-14 18:46:05 -0700
committerRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-14 18:46:05 -0700
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
+<!DOCTYPE TEI.2 SYSTEM "http://www.gutenberg.org/tei/marcello/0.4/dtd/pgtei.dtd">
+<TEI.2 lang="en">
+ <teiHeader>
+ <fileDesc>
+ <titleStmt>
+ <title>The Hammer. A Story of the Maccabean Times</title>
+ <author><name reg="Church, Alfred John">Alfred John Church</name></author>
+ <author><name reg="Seeley, Richmond">Richmond Seeley</name></author>
+ </titleStmt>
+ <publicationStmt>
+ <publisher>Project Gutenberg</publisher>
+ <date value="2013-12-31">December 31, 2013</date>
+ <idno type='etext-no'>44550</idno>
+ <availability>
+ <p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere
+ at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever.
+ You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under
+ the terms of the Project Gutenberg License online at
+ www.gutenberg.org/license</p>
+ </availability>
+ </publicationStmt>
+ <sourceDesc>
+ <bibl>
+ <title>The Hammer. A Story of the Maccabean Times</title>
+ <author><name reg="Church, Alfred John">Alfred John Church</name></author>
+ <author><name reg="Seeley, Richmond">Richmond Seeley</name></author>
+ <imprint>
+ <pubPlace>London</pubPlace>
+ <publisher>Seeley and Co. Limited</publisher>
+ <date>1890</date>
+ </imprint>
+ </bibl>
+ </sourceDesc>
+ </fileDesc>
+ <encodingDesc>
+ </encodingDesc>
+ <profileDesc>
+ <langUsage>
+ <language id="en" />
+ <language id="fr" />
+ <language id="it" />
+ <language id="la" />
+ </langUsage>
+ </profileDesc>
+ <revisionDesc>
+ <change>
+ <date value="2013-12-31">December 31, 2013</date>
+ <respStmt>
+ <resp>Produced by sp1nd, Stefan Cramme and the
+Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+(This file was produced from images generously made available by The Internet Archive)</resp>
+ </respStmt>
+ <item>Project Gutenberg TEI edition 1</item>
+ </change>
+ </revisionDesc>
+ </teiHeader>
+
+ <pgExtensions>
+ <pgStyleSheet>
+ .center { text-align: center }
+ .ill { margin-left: 2 }
+ .italic { font-style: italic }
+ .small { font-size: 75% }
+ .smallcaps { font-variant: small-caps }
+ .smaller { font-size: 100% }
+ figure { text-align: center }
+ head { text-align: center }
+ lg { margin-left: 2 }
+ .w80 { }
+ .w100 { }
+ @media pdf {
+ .w80 { width: 80%; page-float: 'htp' }
+ .w100 { width: 100%; page-float: 'htp' }
+ }
+ </pgStyleSheet>
+<pgCharMap formats="txt">
+ <char id="U0x2009">
+ <charName>thinsp</charName>
+ <desc>THIN SPACE</desc>
+ <mapping></mapping>
+ </char>
+ </pgCharMap>
+ </pgExtensions>
+
+<text lang="en">
+<front>
+<div>
+<divGen type="pgheader" />
+</div>
+<div>
+<divGen type="encodingDesc" />
+</div>
+
+<div rend="center; page-break-before: right">
+<pb/>
+
+<p>
+<hi rend='italic; font-size: large'>THE HAMMER</hi>
+</p>
+
+<pb/>
+
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgi'/>
+</div><div rend="center; page-break-before: always">
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgii'/>
+
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>The Cave among the Mountains.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_004"/><figure url="images/i_004.jpg" rend="w80">
+<index index="fig" level1="The Cave among the Mountains"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>The Cave among the Mountains.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>The Cave among the Mountains</figDesc>
+</figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<pgIf output="html">
+<then><p rend="page-break-before: always"><figure url="images/cover.jpg"><figDesc>Cover image</figDesc></figure></p></then></pgIf>
+</div>
+<titlePage rend="center; page-break-before: right">
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgiii'/>
+<docTitle>
+ <titlePart type="main" rend="font-size: xx-large">THE HAMMER</titlePart>
+<lb/><lb/>
+<titlePart type="sub" rend="font-size: large"><hi rend='smallcaps; italic'>A Story of the Maccabean Times</hi></titlePart>
+</docTitle>
+<lb/><lb/><lb/>
+<byline>
+BY
+<lb/>
+<docAuthor rend="font-size: large">ALFRED J. CHURCH, M.A.</docAuthor>
+<lb/>
+<hi rend='italic'>Lately Professor of Latin in University College, London</hi>
+<lb/>
+AND
+<lb/>
+<docAuthor rend="font-size: large">RICHMOND SEELEY</docAuthor>
+</byline>
+<lb/>
+<lb/>
+<lb/>
+<titlePart><hi rend='italic'>With Illustrations by <hi rend='smallcaps'>John Jellicoe</hi></hi></titlePart>
+<lb/>
+<lb/>
+<lb/>
+<docImprint>
+<pubPlace>LONDON</pubPlace>
+<lb/>
+<publisher>SEELEY AND CO. LIMITED</publisher>
+<lb/>
+ESSEX STREET, STRAND
+<lb/>
+<docDate>1890</docDate>
+</docImprint>
+
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgiv'/>
+
+</titlePage>
+
+<div rend="page-break-before: right">
+<pb n='v'/><anchor id='Pgv'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="Preface"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Preface"/>
+<head>PREFACE</head>
+
+<p>
+It is not so very long since the Apocrypha was found
+in almost every copy of the English Bible, but in
+the present day it is seldom printed with it, and very
+seldom indeed read. One or two of the writings
+included under this name are trivial and even
+absurd; but, on the whole, the Apocryphal books
+deserve far more attention than they receive.
+Among the foremost, in point of interest and value,
+must be placed the First Book of Maccabees.
+Written within fifty years of the events which it
+records, at a time, it must be remembered, that was
+singularly barren of historical literature, it is a
+careful, sober, and consistent narrative. It is our
+principal, not unfrequently our sole, authority for
+the incidents of a very important period, a period
+that was in the highest degree critical in the history
+of the Jewish nation and of the world which that
+nation has so largely influenced. It is commonly
+said that the great visitation of the Captivity finally
+destroyed in the Hebrew mind the tendency to
+<pb n='vi'/><anchor id='Pgvi'/>idolatry. But the denunciations of Ezekiel prove to
+us that the exiles carried into the land of their
+captivity the evil which they had cherished in the
+land of their birth, and it is no less certain that they
+brought it back with them on their return. It grew
+to its height in the early part of the Second Century
+<hi rend='small'>B.C.</hi>, along with the increasing influence of Greek
+civilization in Western Asia. The feeble Jewish
+Commonwealth was more and more dominated by
+the powerful kingdoms which had been established
+on the ruins of the empire of Alexander, and the
+national religion was attacked by an enemy at least
+as dangerous as the Phœnician Baal-worship had
+been in earlier days, an enemy which may be briefly
+described by the word Hellenism. The story of how
+Judas and his brothers led the movement which
+rescued the Jewish faith from this peril is the story
+which we have endeavoured to tell in this volume.
+Our plan has been to follow strictly the lines of the
+First Book of Maccabees, going to the Second,
+a far less trustworthy document, only for some
+picturesque incidents. The subsidiary characters
+are fictitious, but the narrative is, we believe, apart
+from casual errors, historically correct.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+We have to acknowledge special obligations to
+Captain Conder’s <q>Judas Maccabæus,</q> a volume of
+the series entitled <q>The New Plutarch.</q> We also
+owe much to Canon Rawlinson’s notes in the
+<q>Speaker’s Commentary on the Bible,</q> to Canon
+<pb n='vii'/><anchor id='Pgvii'/>Westcott’s articles in the <q>Dictionary of the Bible,</q>
+and to Dean Stanley’s <q>Lectures on the Jewish
+Church.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+If any reader should be curious as to the literary
+partnership announced on the title-page—a partnership
+that has grown, so to speak, out of another of
+many years’ standing, shared by the writers as author
+and publisher—he may be informed that the plan
+of the story and a detailed outline of it have been
+contributed by Richmond Seeley, and the story itself
+written for the most part by Alfred Church.
+</p>
+
+<closer rend="text-align:left">
+<dateline><name><hi rend='smallcaps'>London</hi></name>,<lb/>
+<date><hi rend='italic'>Sept. 3, 1889.</hi></date></dateline>
+</closer>
+
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgviii'/>
+
+<pb n='ix'/><anchor id='Pgix'/>
+</div>
+<div rend="page-break-before: right">
+<index index="toc" level1="Contents"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="Contents"/>
+<head>CONTENTS</head>
+
+<table rend="latexcolumns: 'rp{6cm}r'; tblcolumns: 'r lw(35m) r'">
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><hi rend="small">CHAP.</hi></cell>
+<cell></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><hi rend="small">PAGE</hi></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">I.</cell>
+<cell>A NEW ORDER OF THINGS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg001">1</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">II.</cell>
+<cell>ANTIOCHUS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg019">19</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">III.</cell>
+<cell>MENELAÜS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg037">37</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">IV.</cell>
+<cell>AT ANTIOCH</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg049">49</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">V.</cell>
+<cell>THE WRATH TO COME</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg068">68</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">VI.</cell>
+<cell>THE EVIL DAYS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg079">79</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">VII.</cell>
+<cell>THE DARKNESS THICKENS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg090">90</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">VIII.</cell>
+<cell>SHALLUM THE WINE-SELLER</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg101">101</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">IX.</cell>
+<cell>THE PERSECUTION</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg113">113</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">X.</cell>
+<cell>IN THE MOUNTAINS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg124">124</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XI.</cell>
+<cell>NEWS BAD AND GOOD</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg135">135</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XII.</cell>
+<cell>THE PATRIOT ARMY</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg148">148</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XIII.</cell>
+<cell>GUERILLA WARFARE IN THE MOUNTAINS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg159">159</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XIV.</cell>
+<cell>THE BURIAL OF MATTATHIAS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg171">171</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <pb n='x'/><anchor id='Pgx'/><row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XV.</cell>
+<cell>THE SWORD OF APOLLONIUS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg184">184</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XVI.</cell>
+<cell>NEWS FROM THE BATTLE-FIELD</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg193">193</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XVII.</cell>
+<cell>THE BATTLE OF EMMAUS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg208">208</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XVIII.</cell>
+<cell>THE BATTLE OF BETH-ZUR</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg225">225</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XIX.</cell>
+<cell>IN JERUSALEM</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg235">235</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XX.</cell>
+<cell>THE CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg242">242</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXI.</cell>
+<cell>THE DEDICATION OF THE TEMPLE</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg254">254</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXII.</cell>
+<cell>WARS AND RUMOURS OF WARS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg263">263</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXIII.</cell>
+<cell>MORE VICTORIES</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg274">274</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXIV.</cell>
+<cell>THE SABBATICAL YEAR</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg284">284</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXV.</cell>
+<cell>REVERSES</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg294">294</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXVI.</cell>
+<cell>LIGHT OUT OF DARKNESS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg304">304</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXVII.</cell>
+<cell>A PEACEFUL INTERVAL</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg314">314</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXVIII.</cell>
+<cell>HOPES AND FEARS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg323">323</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXIX.</cell>
+<cell>CIVIL WAR</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg331">331</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXX.</cell>
+<cell>NICANOR</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg339">339</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXXI.</cell>
+<cell>THE FALLING AWAY</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg352">352</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXXII.</cell>
+<cell>THE LAST BATTLE</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg362">362</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">XXXIII.</cell>
+<cell>THE HOPE OF ISRAEL</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="Pg368">368</ref></cell>
+</row>
+</table>
+
+<pb n='xi'/><anchor id='Pgxi'/>
+</div>
+<div rend="page-break-before: right">
+<index index="toc" level1="List of Illustrations"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="List of Illustrations"/>
+<head>LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS</head>
+
+<table rend="latexcolumns: 'p{5.8cm}r'; tblcolumns: 'lw(30m) r'">
+ <row>
+<cell>THE CAVE AMONG THE MOUNTAINS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_004"><hi rend='italic'>Frontispiece</hi></ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>ANTIOCHUS IN THE TAVERN</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_047">32</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>THE PERSECUTION</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_135">118</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>THE LAST CHARGE OF MATTATHIAS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_187">168</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>THE SWORD OF APOLLONIUS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_213">192</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>FAREWELL TO THE MOUNTAINS</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_255">232</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>THE DEATH OF <anchor id="corrxi"/><corr sic="ELEAZER">ELEAZAR</corr></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_327">302</ref></cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell>THE BOY KING</cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right"><ref target="i_341">314</ref></cell>
+</row>
+</table>
+
+<pb/><anchor id='Pgxii'/>
+
+</div>
+
+</front>
+<body rend="page-break-before: right">
+
+<pb n='1'/><anchor id='Pg001'/>
+
+<p rend="center; font-size: xx-large">
+THE HAMMER
+</p>
+<div type="chapter" n="1">
+<index index="toc" level1="I. A New Order of Things"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="I. A New Order of Things"/>
+<head>CHAPTER I.<lb/><lb/>
+<hi rend="smaller">A NEW ORDER OF THINGS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The time is the evening of a day in the early
+autumn of the year 174 <hi rend='small'>B.C.</hi> There has been a
+great festival in Jerusalem. But it has been
+curiously unlike any festival that one would have
+expected to be held in that famous city. The
+people have not been crowding in from the country,
+and journeying from their far-off places of sojourn
+among the heathen, to keep one of the great feasts
+of the Law. Nothing could be further from the
+thoughts of the crowd that is streaming out of this
+new building which stands close under the walls
+of the Temple. What would they who built the
+Temple some two and a half centuries before have
+thought of this strange intruder on the sacred
+precincts? It is not difficult to imagine, for the
+new erection is nothing more or less than a Circus,
+<pb n='2'/><anchor id='Pg002'/>built and furnished in the latest Greek fashion, and
+the spectacle which the crowd has been enjoying, or
+pretending to enjoy—for it is strange to all, and
+distasteful to some—is an imitation of the Olympian
+games. Things then, we see, have been curiously
+changed. Even the city has almost lost its identity.
+It is no longer the capital of the Jewish nation,
+but the chief town of an insignificant province in
+the Greek kingdom of Syria, one of the fragments
+into which the great dominion of Alexander had
+split some hundred and fifty years before. We shall
+understand something more about this marvellous
+change if we listen to a conversation that is going
+on in one of the houses that adjoin the Temple.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, Cleon, you will allow that our little show
+to-day has been fairly successful. We are but
+novices, you know; barbarians, I am afraid you
+will call us. But we hope to improve. You Greeks
+are wonderful teachers. You can give in a very
+short time a quite marvellous appearance of refinement
+to the merest savages. And we are not that;
+you would not call us savages, my dear friend.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Savages! The gods forbid that such insolent
+folly should ever come from my tongue! You have
+a most elegant taste in art, my dear Jason. Our
+own Callias—he is our first <foreign rend='italic' lang="fr">connoisseur</foreign> at Athens;
+you must have heard me mention him—would not
+disdain to have some of the little things which you
+have about you here in his own apartment.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='3'/><anchor id='Pg003'/>
+
+<p>
+And, as he spoke, Cleon looked round the room,
+which, indeed, was very handsomely furnished in
+the latest Greek taste. The walls were covered
+with tapestry, showing on a purple ground a design,
+worked in silver and gold, which represented the
+triumphant return of the Wine-god from his Eastern
+campaigns. At one end of the room stood a sumptuously-carved
+bookcase, filled with volumes adorned
+by the most skilful binders of Alexandria. The
+bookcase was flanked on either side by a pedestal
+statue, one displaying the head of Hermes, the
+other the head of Athené. On a sideboard were
+ranged twelve silver goblets, on which had been
+worked in high relief the labours of Hercules. But
+probably the most precious object in the room—at
+least in its master’s estimation—was a replica, about
+half the size of life, of the statue that we know as
+the <q>Dying Gladiator.</q> It was the work of a
+sculptor of Pergamum, a special favourite of the
+art-loving dynasty of the Attali. It had been purchased
+for the enormous sum of half a talent of
+gold;<note place="foot">Nearly £2,000.</note> and Jason had thought himself especially
+fortunate in being allowed to secure it on any
+terms. The Pergamene artist was bound, in consideration
+of the handsome payment which he
+received from his royal patron, not to execute
+commissions for strangers, and it was only as a
+special favour, and not till a heavy bribe had been
+<pb n='4'/><anchor id='Pg004'/>paid to some influential personage in the court, that
+the rule had been relaxed in favour of Jason.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And who, it may be asked, was Jason?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jason was the Jewish high priest, the successor of
+Aaron, of Eleazar, of Jehoiada, of Hilkiah, and as
+unlike these worthies of the past in appearance, in
+speech, in ways of thinking, as it is possible to conceive.
+His costume, in the first place, was that of a
+Greek exquisite. He wore a purple tunic, showing
+at the neck a crimson under-shirt, and gathered up
+at the waist with a belt of the finest leather, clasped
+with a design in silver, which showed a dog laying
+hold of a fawn. His knees were bare, but the shins
+were covered with silk leggings of the same colour as
+the tunic, against which the gold fastenings of the
+sandals showed in gay relief. His hair was elaborately
+curled, and almost dripping with the richest
+of Syrian perfumes. The forefinger of the left hand
+showed the head of Zeus finely carved on an
+amethyst, that of the right was circled by a sapphire
+ring with the likeness of Apollo.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His speech was Greek. Hebrew of course he
+knew, both in its classical and its conversational
+forms; but he was as careful to conceal his knowledge
+as an old-fashioned Roman of his time would
+have been careful to hide the fact, if he had happened
+to know any language besides his own. His very
+name, it will have been observed, had been changed
+to suit the new fashion which he was endeavouring
+<pb n='5'/><anchor id='Pg005'/>to set to his countrymen. Really it was Joshua—no
+dishonourable appellation, one would think, seeing
+that it had been borne by the conqueror of Canaan,
+and by the most distinguished of the later high
+priests. But it did not please him, and he had
+changed it to Jason.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As for his ways of thinking, these will become
+evident enough if we listen to a little more of his
+conversation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you think, Cleon,</q> he went on—Cleon
+was a Greek adventurer who gave himself out as
+an Athenian, but who was shrewdly suspected of
+coming from one of the smaller islands of the
+Ægean—<q>you think that our games went pretty
+well?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Admirably, my dear Jason,</q> answered the
+Greek, who really had thought them a deplorable
+failure, but who valued too much his free quarters in
+the high priest’s sumptuous palace to give a candid
+expression of his opinion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You see we had great difficulties to contend
+with. You can hardly imagine, for instance, how
+hard I found it to persuade our young men to run
+and wrestle naked. They quoted some ridiculous
+nonsense from the Law, as if we could be bound
+nowadays by some obsolete old rules that no
+sensible person would think for a moment of observing.<note place="foot"><q>The exceeding profaneness of Jason, that ungodly wretch, and
+no high priest</q> (2 Macc. iv. 13).</note>
+You saw, I dare say, to-day that I was
+<pb n='6'/><anchor id='Pg006'/>obliged to allow some of them to wear a loin-cloth.
+They positively refused to come into the arena
+without it. Well, we shall educate them in time.
+They <hi rend='italic'>must</hi> learn to admire the beauty of the human
+form, unspoilt by any of the trappings with which,
+for convenience sake, we are accustomed to conceal
+it. I don’t despair of our having a school of art
+here some day—not rivals, my dear <sic>Lysias</sic>, of your
+glorious Phidias and Praxiteles, but imitators,
+humble imitators, whom yet you won’t disdain to
+acknowledge.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But, my dear sir, you forget the Commandment,
+<q>Thou shalt not make to thyself any graven
+image.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The speaker was a young man who had hitherto
+taken no part in the conversation. He also had a
+Hebrew name and a Greek. His father, a rich
+priest who claimed descent from no less a person
+than the prophet Ezekiel, had called him Micah;
+but he had followed the fashion, and dubbed himself
+Menander. Still, Greek ways and habits did
+not sit over-easily upon him. Fashion has often
+a singular power over the young; but it could not
+quite drive out the obstinate patriotism of the Jew.
+He could still sometimes be scandalized at the
+thorough-going Hellenism of the high priest; and
+he was so scandalized now. The Commandment
+was one of the things which he had learnt at his
+mother’s knee, and which he had solemnly repeated
+<pb n='7'/><anchor id='Pg007'/>when, at the age of twelve, he had been regularly
+admitted to the privileges of a <q>son of the Law.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My dear Menander,</q> broke in the high priest,
+<q>what can you be thinking about? I had hoped
+better things of you. You do discourage me most
+terribly. <q>No graven image or likeness of anything
+that is in heaven or earth!</q> Was there ever anything
+so hopelessly tasteless? Why, this is the
+one thing that has checked all growth of art
+among us? And without art where is the beauty
+of life? Now tell me, Menander, did you ever see
+anything so hideous as the Temple? There is a
+certain splendour about it—or was, till I had to
+strip off most of the gold for purposes of state—but
+of beauty or taste not a scrap. You, Cleon, have
+never seen the inside of it. Well, you have lost
+nothing. It would simply shock you after your
+lovely Parthenon. Bells and pomegranates—things
+that any moulder could make—and sham columns,
+and everything as bad as it can be. And then the
+dresses! You should see—though I should really
+be ashamed if you did see it—the absurd costume
+that some of them would make me wear as high
+priest. Anything more cumbrous and clumsy could
+not be. A man can hardly move in it; and as for
+showing any of the proportions of the figure—and
+I take it that dress is meant to reveal while it seems
+to hide them—one might as well be wrapped up in
+swaddling clothes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='8'/><anchor id='Pg008'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Did you ever wear it?</q> asked Cleon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Once, and once only,</q> answered Jason. <q>That
+was on the day when I was admitted to the office.
+You see it had to be done. Some of my enemies—and
+I am afraid that I have enemies after all that
+I have done for this ungrateful people—might have
+said that things were not regular without it, and
+when one has paid twenty talents of gold for the
+office, it would be rank folly to risk it for a trifle.
+But I have never worn it since, and never mean to
+again. I did design something much lighter and
+neater, worthy the Greek fashion, but with just a
+tinge—it would be well to have a tinge—of our own
+in it; but it did not please the elders when I
+showed it to them, a bigoted set of fools!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But your worship is very fine, I am told,</q> said
+the Greek.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Very tasteless, very tasteless,</q> answered the
+high-priest, <q>the singing and music as rude as
+possible. I tried to improve them when I first came
+into office. When I was at Antioch I saw some
+very pretty performances in the groves of Daphne,
+and I wanted to remodel our ceremonies on something
+of the same lines. Of course I could not
+transplant them just as they were: you will guess
+that there were one or two things that would hardly
+do here. I am not strait-laced, as you know, but
+there are limits. However, it all came to nothing.
+Our people are so clumsy and obstinate. So the
+<pb n='9'/><anchor id='Pg009'/>only thing will be to let these antiquated ceremonies
+die out by degrees.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah broke in at this point. Disposed as he
+was to follow Jason’s lead, this was going too far.
+<q>Surely, my dear sir, if you take away from us
+all that is distinctive, where will be our reason for
+existence? After all is said, we are not Greeks and
+never can be Greeks; and if we cease to be Jews,
+what are we?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q><hi rend='italic'>Jews!</hi> my dear fellow,</q> cried the high-priest,
+<q>why do you use the odious word? We are not
+Jews, we are Antiochenes. Do you know that I
+paid five talents to the treasurer of Antiochus for
+license to use the name? For Heaven’s sake, let us
+have our money’s worth. By the way,</q> he went on,
+turning to Cleon, <q>when does your Olympian festival
+next take place?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In two years’ time,</q> said the Greek.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I propose to send an embassy with a handsome
+present for your great temple. I should like to
+establish friendly relations with your people at the
+head-quarters of your race. Do you think it is
+possible that our Menon—you saw him in the
+stadium just now—might be allowed to run? It
+would take all that your athletes know to beat him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Quite impossible. He could hardly make out a
+Greek pedigree, I suppose?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No; he could not do that. But would not
+money smooth the way?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='10'/><anchor id='Pg010'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>It could not be. Money will do most things
+with us, as it will elsewhere, but not that. A man
+must show a pure Greek descent.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But the embassy can go?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Certainly,</q> replied the Greek, with a smile; <q>we
+are ready to take gifts from any one. But—excuse
+my obtruding the suggestion—is it quite wise to
+run counter to your people’s prejudices in this way?
+Couldn’t they get up an agitation against you?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My dear Cleon, I feel quite easy on that score.
+I made the highest bid for the place, and it is mine,
+just as much as this ring is mine.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But might not some one outbid you? I have
+heard of such things being done.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Outbid me? Hardly. I have squeezed the uttermost
+farthing out of the people to pay the purchase-money
+and the tribute, and I defy my rivals, with all
+the best will in the world, to beat me. Why, my
+fellows, the tax-gatherers, are the most ingenious
+rascals in the world for putting on the screw. I
+make them bid against each other when I put the
+taxes up to auction, and they really go to figures
+that I should not have thought possible. And then,
+after all, they manage somehow or other to get a
+handsome margin of profit for themselves. I know
+the scoundrels always seem to have a great deal
+more money than I have.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Menander, somewhat revolted at his friend’s levity,
+rose to take leave. <q>Stop a moment,</q> said Jason,
+<pb n='11'/><anchor id='Pg011'/><q>I have a little commission for you, which will
+give you a pleasant outing and a score or two of
+shekels to put in your pocket.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, the shekels will be welcome. Those are
+very charming fellows, those Greek friends of yours,</q>
+he went on, addressing Cleon, <q>but they have the
+most confounded luck with the dice that I ever
+knew. But what is it, sir, that you want me to
+do?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I want to do a civil thing to our friends at Tyre.
+You know that we do a very brisk trade with them,
+and a little bit of politeness is never thrown away.
+Well, next month they have the great games of
+Hercules, and I want you to take a present to the
+Governor, and, as you will be there, just a trifle—a
+silver tripod, or something of the kind—for Hercules
+himself. The Tyrian people would take it amiss, I
+fancy, if you went quite empty-handed.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah—for at the moment he felt much more like
+a Micah than a Menander—flushed all over. <q>I
+take a present to the idol at Tyre! You must
+be joking; but, with all respect, sir, it is a joke
+which I do not appreciate.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, my dear Menander,</q> said the high priest,
+with a laugh, <q>why all this fuss? You must excuse
+me for saying so, but you are really a little stupid
+this morning. What nonsense to talk about idols!
+The Greek heroes are really the same as our own.
+Hercules is nothing more or less than Samson
+<pb n='12'/><anchor id='Pg012'/>under another name. You will find in every country
+the legend of some strong man who goes about
+killing wild beasts and slaying his enemies, and
+doing all kinds of wonders; and it does not become
+an enlightened man like yourself to fancy that our
+hero is anything better than another nation’s hero.
+However, think the matter over. If you don’t
+choose to go there are plenty who will, and Tyre, I
+am told, is still worth seeing, though, of course, it is
+nothing like what it was.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At this moment a servant burst somewhat unceremoniously
+into the room.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How now, fellow?</q> cried the high priest,
+<q>Where are your manners? Don’t you know that
+I have company and am not to be interrupted?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pardon, my lord,</q> said the man, in a breathless,
+agitated voice, <q>but the matter is urgent. Your
+nephew Asaph is dying, and has sent begging you
+to come to him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Asaph dying!</q> cried the high priest, turning
+pale. <q>How is that?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Asaph had been one of the performers in the
+exhibition of the day. A light weight, but an
+exceedingly active and skilful wrestler, he had
+entered the lists with a competitor much stronger
+and heavier than himself. The struggle between
+the two athletes had been protracted and fierce and
+had ended in a draw. There had been two bouts,
+but in neither had this or that antagonist been able
+<pb n='13'/><anchor id='Pg013'/>to claim a decided success. In each, both wrestlers
+had fallen, Asaph being uppermost in the first, but
+underneath in the second. On rising from the
+ground he had complained of severe internal pains;
+but these had seemed to pass away, and he had been
+conveyed in a litter to his mother’s house. After a
+brief interval the pains had returned with increased
+severity; vomiting of blood had followed, and the
+physician had declared that the resources of his art
+were useless. The poor lad—he was but a few
+months over twenty—sent, in his agony, for his
+uncle the high priest. It was a forlorn hope—for
+how could such a man give comfort?—but it was
+the only one that occurred to him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+No one was more conscious of the incongruity
+of the task thus imposed upon him, the task of
+administering consolation and comfort to the dying,
+than Jason himself. His first impulse was to refuse
+to go. But to do so would not only cause a scandal,
+but would also be the beginning of a family feud.
+And Jason, though selfish and hardened by base
+ambitions, was not wholly without a heart. He had
+some affection for his sister, a widow of large means,
+whose purse was always open to him when he
+wanted help, and Asaph—or Asius, as he preferred
+to call him—was his favourite nephew, possibly his
+successor in his office. He felt that he must go,
+but it was with a miserable sinking of heart that he
+felt it.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='14'/><anchor id='Pg014'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lead on,</q> he said to the slave, <q>I will follow.
+You, my friends, must excuse me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The worldly priest might well have dreaded to
+enter the house of woe to which he had been
+called.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The unhappy mother met him at the door. <q>Oh,
+Joshua!</q> she cried, the foolish affectation of the
+Greek name being forgotten in the hour of trouble.
+<q>Can you help us? My dear Asaph is dying, and
+he is terribly distressed about his sins. You are
+high-priest. Have you not some power to do him
+good?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Take me to him,</q> said Jason, <q>I will do all that
+I can for him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The unhappy lad was lying on a couch, the
+deathly pallor of his face showing with a terrible
+contrast against the rich purple of the coverlet.
+His eyes were wide open, and there was a terror-stricken
+look in them that was inexpressibly painful
+to witness. As soon as he saw his uncle, he burst
+forth in tones of agonized entreaty. <q>I have
+sinned; I have sinned; I have followed in the
+ways of the heathen, and, see, my God hath called
+me into judgment. Help me! help me! Save me
+from the fire of Gehenna!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The high priest strove to say something; but
+his faltering lips seemed to refuse to do their office.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Speak! speak!</q> cried the young man. <q>It
+was you who told me to go into the arena. You
+<pb n='15'/><anchor id='Pg015'/>said there was no harm in it; you encouraged me,
+and now you desert me. O help me!</q> and his
+voice, which had been raised to a loud, angry cry,
+sank again to low tones of entreaty. <q>You are
+high priest; you surely can do something with the
+Lord. Pray for me to Him. Quick! quick! the evil
+ones are clutching at me!</q> and, as he spoke, he
+turned his eyes with a fearful glance as if he saw
+some terrible presence which was invisible to the
+rest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His uncle, more unhappy than he had ever been
+before in his life, stood in dumb despair. It seemed
+impossible to mock this wretched creature with words
+in which he did not himself believe. And, indeed,
+the words themselves seemed to have fled altogether
+from his memory. At last, with a tremendous effort,
+he summoned up some of the words, once familiar
+to his lips, but which had not issued from them for
+years. It was what we know as the fifty-first Psalm
+in our psalter that he began—<q><hi rend='italic'>Have mercy upon me,
+O God, after Thy great goodness, according to the multitude
+of Thy mercies do away mine offences.</hi></q> He began
+with a faltering and uncertain voice, which gathered
+strength as he went on. The dying man listened
+with an eagerly-strained attention, and the words
+seemed to have some soothing effect upon him.
+When the speaker came to the words, <q>Cast me not
+away from Thy presence,</q> he clasped his hands together.
+At the very moment of the act a strong
+<pb n='16'/><anchor id='Pg016'/>convulsion shook his frame: a stream of blood
+gushed from his mouth; in another moment Asaph
+was dead.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His unhappy mother had been carried fainting to
+her apartments, where her maids were endeavouring
+to restore her to consciousness. The high priest
+was almost glad that she was in such a state that
+there could be no question of attempting to administer
+to her any consolation. No one, indeed, could
+have felt less like a comforter than he did at that
+moment. As he walked slowly back to his palace
+he felt less satisfied with the Greek fashions, for
+which he had sacrificed the faith of his fathers,
+than he had done for many years.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The news that he found awaiting him at home
+changed the current of his thoughts. A letter,
+carried, in Eastern fashion, by a succession of
+runners, had arrived from Joppa. It was as
+follows:—
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; center; font-size: small"><q rend="post: none"><hi rend='italic'>Josedech, Chief of the Council of Joppa, to Joshua, Governor of Jerusalem.</hi></q>
+</p><p rend="margin-bottom: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; font-size: small">
+<q>Know that a swift pinnace has arrived, bringing news that the
+fleet of Antiochus the King is on its way hither. It will arrive, unless
+it be hindered by weather or any other unforeseen cause, on the second
+day. Let us know so soon as shall be possible how the heathen should
+be received, whether we shall admit him into the city, and to whom
+we shall assign the task of entertaining him. Farewell.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jason’s face flushed as he read this curt and not
+very courteous epistle. <q>Governor of Jerusalem, indeed!</q>
+he muttered to himself. <q>So the old bigot
+<pb n='17'/><anchor id='Pg017'/>won’t acknowledge me to be high priest. I shall
+have to give him a lesson, and teach him who he is
+and who I am. <q>How the heathen is to be received.</q>
+What is the fool thinking of? As if he could be shut
+out of the city if he chooses to come in! Well, I
+see plainly enough that there will be mischief here,
+if I don’t take care. It won’t be enough to write.
+I must send some of my own people to receive the
+king.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He pressed a hand-bell that stood on the table.
+<q>Send the letter-carrier here,</q> he said to the servant
+who answered the summons. In a few minutes
+the man appeared.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>When can you start back with my answer?</q>
+asked the high priest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This instant, my lord, if it should so please
+you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And the other posts are ready?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Each at his place, my lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And when will the letter be delivered in Joppa?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Let me think,</q> said the messenger. <q>The
+distance should be about two hundred and eighty
+furlongs, and the way descends. ’Tis now scarcely
+the first hour of the night. I should say that the
+letter should be there an hour before midnight.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jason at once sat down and wrote his answer:—
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; center; font-size: small"><q rend="post: none"><hi rend='italic'>Jason, the High Priest, to Josedech, Chief of the Council of Joppa, greeting.</hi></q>
+</p><p rend="margin-bottom: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; font-size: small">
+<q>I charge you that you do all honour to the most mighty and
+<pb n='18'/><anchor id='Pg018'/>glorious lord Antiochus. Let him have of the best, both in lodging
+and entertainment, that your city affords. I doubt not your zeal and
+goodwill, but that you may not fail for want of knowledge, I will send
+certain of my own people, who will welcome the most august King in
+such manner as shall be worthy both of his majesty and of our dignity.
+Farewell.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The messenger, who had been standing by while
+this letter was being written, received the document
+with a salute, and placed it in his girdle. A few
+minutes afterwards he was on his way.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And now for the deputation to meet his Highness,</q>
+said Jason to himself. <q>I cannot expect
+them to get off quite so quickly as this good fellow.
+But they must not start later than noon to-morrow.
+And now, whom am I to send? Cleon, of course,
+and Menander——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He stopped short and reflected. <q>It’s really very
+hard to find a respectable person who is quite free
+from bigotry—if, indeed, it is bigotry.</q> For some
+minutes he seemed lost in thought. <q>Send the
+secretary to me,</q> he said, when the servant came.
+This official soon made his appearance, and we will
+leave him and his master to settle the details of the
+deputation.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="2" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='19'/><anchor id='Pg019'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="II. Antiochus"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="II. Antiochus"/>
+<head>CHAPTER II.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">ANTIOCHUS.</hi>
+</head>
+
+<p>
+The greater part of the population of Joppa, which,
+like most seaside towns, was somewhat cosmopolitan
+in its habits and ways of thinking, had hurried down
+to the shore to watch the arrival of the great Syrian
+King. And, indeed, his fleet was a sight worth
+seeing. Thirty ships, all of them with three banks
+of oars, were formed in a semicircle, the arc of which
+was parallel with the line of the shore. They were
+war-vessels, the finest and swiftest that the Syrian
+fleet possessed, manned with picked crews, and now
+gay with all the sumptuous adornments that
+befitted a peaceful errand. The day was perfectly
+windless, and the sea as calm as a lake. This
+circumstance made it possible for the squadron to
+preserve the order of its advance with an exactitude
+which would not have been possible had it been
+moving under sail. On the prow of each vessel
+stood a flute-player, and the rowers dipped their
+<pb n='20'/><anchor id='Pg020'/>oars in time to his music. Each player had his
+eyes fixed on a conductor who was posted on the
+royal vessel, a five-banked ship, which occupied a
+position slightly in advance of the semicircle. Time
+was thus kept throughout the squadron—a result,
+however, not obtained, as may easily be imagined,
+without a vast amount of practice. The sight of the
+thousands of oars, as they were dipped and lifted
+again in rhythmical regularity, with the sunshine
+flashing upon them, was beautiful in the extreme.
+As for the ship that carried King Antiochus, it was
+a gorgeous spectacle. The ropes were of gaily-coloured
+silk; the hull was brilliant with gold.
+The figure-head was the head and bust of a sea-nymph,
+exquisitely wrought in silver. The poop
+was covered with a crimson awning.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As the squadron approached the harbour, a convenience
+which the Joppa of to-day no longer
+possesses, the royal ship fell back, allowing the
+leading vessels on either side of the semicircle to
+precede it to the pier. From these a company of
+troops, splendidly arrayed in gilded armour, disembarked,
+and formed two lines, between which the
+King was to walk.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Syrian King was a young man of about two-and-twenty
+years, tall, and well made, and not without
+a certain dignity of presence. His face, too, at
+first sight would have been pronounced handsome.
+It was of the true Greek type: the forehead and
+<pb n='21'/><anchor id='Pg021'/>nose forming an almost uninterrupted straight line.
+This line, however, receded too much, giving something
+of an expression of weakness. But for this
+the features of the young Syrian king might have
+been described as bearing a singular resemblance to
+those of the great Alexander. Youthful as he was,
+his complexion, naturally of a beautiful delicacy,
+was already flushed with excess. But the most
+sinister characteristic of his face was to be found
+in the restless look of his prominent eyes. The
+descendants of the brilliant soldier, the ablest and
+most upright of the generals of Alexander, who had
+founded the Syrian kingdom, had sadly degenerated
+under the corrupting influences of power. The
+hideous example of lust and cruelty had been set
+and improved upon by generation after generation,
+till the fatal taint of madness, always the avenger
+of such wickedness, had been developed in the
+race.<note place="foot">Antiochus’s surname, self-assumed or given by the flattery of his
+courtiers, of <q>Epiphanes</q> (the Illustrious), was jestingly changed by his
+subjects through the alteration of a single letter into, <q>Epimanes</q>
+(Madman).</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Council of Joppa had sent a deputation of
+their body, headed by their president, Josedech, to
+receive the visitor with such respect as might lawfully
+be shown to a heathen. Greeting and compliments
+could be exchanged without any loss of
+ceremonial purity. Nor would there be any harm
+in presenting a gift. To sit down to meat with an
+<pb n='22'/><anchor id='Pg022'/>unbeliever, was, of course, out of the question; but
+this difficulty had been overcome by the complaisance
+of a wealthy Greek merchant, who, for sufficient
+reasons of his own, had offered to entertain the
+visitor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The councillors saluted the King, not with
+the extravagant form of <q>Live for ever!</q> but
+with the more moderate form of <q>Peace be with
+you.</q> Antiochus answered with a careless greeting.
+At the same time he turned to one of his
+courtiers, and said in a whisper which was heard,
+as it was meant to be heard, by others besides
+the persons addressed, <q>Look! what a set of
+he-goats. And faugh! how they smell!</q> The
+young King, who was exceedingly vain of his good
+looks, had the fancy of making himself up as the
+beardless Apollo, and, of course, the court followed
+the fashion that he set. The insulting words did
+not fail to reach the ears of the elders, but they
+affected not to have heard them. The president
+then proceeded to deliver his address of welcome.
+It was sufficiently civil, but, as may be supposed,
+not enthusiastic. The speaker hoped that friendly
+relations might continue to exist between the
+Jewish people and the kingdom of Syria. He
+was glad to receive on Jewish soil a powerful
+monarch who, he trusted, would be favourably
+impressed with what he should see and hear. If
+his subjects had any grievances they would find
+<pb n='23'/><anchor id='Pg023'/>prompt redress; the King would doubtless do the
+same for Jewish merchants who considered themselves
+aggrieved.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To this address, which, after the manner of such
+documents, was somewhat verbose and lengthy,
+Antiochus listened with ill-concealed impatience;
+perhaps it would be more correct to say, with impatience
+that was not concealed at all. He fidgeted
+about; he interjected disparaging remarks that must
+have been distinctly heard a long way off. He
+even corrected the speaker when he made a slip in
+Greek idiom. Still the elders preserved an imperturbable
+calm, though a keen observer might have
+seen the flush rising upon their faces.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The address of welcome ended, it only remained
+to offer the customary present. An attendant
+stepped forward carrying a robe of honour, a piece
+of native manufacture, which, without being particularly
+splendid, was sufficiently handsome and
+valuable to be adequate to the occasion. But it
+did not please the young King, who, indeed, was
+scarcely in the humour to be pleased with anything.
+One of his followers received it from the hands of
+the attendant, and Antiochus, according to the
+usual etiquette, should have touched it, saying at
+the same time a few words of politeness. What
+he did was to take it from the hands of the
+courtier who had received it, shake it out, and
+hold it from him at arm’s length, eyeing it, at
+<pb n='24'/><anchor id='Pg024'/>the same time, with an expression of undisguised
+contempt. Even this was not all. Turning his
+back upon the elders he dropped the robe on the
+head of one of his attendants, and, by a sudden
+movement, twisted it round his neck, bursting out
+at the same time into a loud horse-laugh. The
+laugh was, of course, dutifully echoed by his
+courtiers; but to the Joppa crowd it seemed no
+laughing matter. An angry murmur ran through
+it. The front ranks made a menacing movement
+forwards, while stones began to fly from behind.
+On the other hand, the soldiers of the King’s
+body-guard drew their swords, and began to form
+up behind him. They were not properly prepared,
+however, for a conflict; for, as they had come
+only on a service of ceremony, they had nothing
+with them but their swords and light ornamental
+breastplates.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Everything wore a most threatening look, when
+there occurred an interruption that was probably
+welcome to every one, except, it may be, the hotheaded
+and reckless young sovereign himself. The
+deputation from Jerusalem had arrived. The high
+priest, anticipating, as we have seen, some trouble,
+had despatched them at the very earliest opportunity,
+and had urged them to make the best of their
+way to their destination. At the same time, that
+their presence might have something more than
+moral weight, he had sent a squadron of cavalry.
+<pb n='25'/><anchor id='Pg025'/>The deputation, with their escort following close
+behind, now made their way through the crowd.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The high priest was represented by his kinsman
+Phinehas—who had found a substitute for his unfashionable
+name in Phineus—by Menander, who
+has been already mentioned, and by two Greeks,
+of whom our acquaintance Cleon was one. Josedech
+and his companions willingly left the management
+of affairs in the hands of the new arrivals, and
+retired from the scene. Leaping from his horse,
+Phinehas, or Phineus, prostrated himself in Eastern
+fashion at the feet of Antiochus, and his companions
+followed his example, while the escort of
+cavalry saluted. <q>Rise,</q> said Antiochus, whose
+good humour began to return when he found himself
+treated with what he conceived to be proper
+respect. He even condescended to reach out his
+royal hand, and assist the envoy to recover his
+feet. Phineus proceeded to deliver an address of
+welcome which was certainly not wanting in florid
+compliment. It might even have been called
+profane, for Antiochus was described not only as
+magnificent, illustrious, victorious (to mention a
+few only of the speaker’s exuberant supply of
+epithets), but even as divine. The speech ended,
+an attendant presented a richly-chased casket of
+gold, filled with coins, fresh from the Syrian mint,
+and bearing the features and superscription of
+Antiochus himself. The King received it with
+<pb n='26'/><anchor id='Pg026'/>something like <foreign rend='italic' lang="fr">empressement</foreign>, and after speaking
+a few words of thanks, passed it to his treasurer.
+At the same time he took a bag of silver from
+one of his attendants, and condescended to scatter
+some of the pieces among the crowd that lined
+the quays, with his royal hands. As may be
+supposed, a vigorous scramble ensued, and not a
+few of the spectators were tumbled over the edge
+into the shallow water below. Others jumped in
+of their own accord after some of the pieces which
+had fallen short. A general burst of laughter was
+the result, and the situation lost the gravity which
+had been so alarming a few minutes before.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The King now recognized an old acquaintance
+in Cleon. Antiochus, handed over in his childhood
+as a hostage by his father, had spent his
+boyhood and youth in Rome. The somewhat
+austere manners of that city had not pleased him,
+and he was glad to find in the young Greek
+an acquaintance more congenial than the young
+Marcelli, sons of the priest of that name, under
+whose charge he had been put. Cleon had come
+to Rome to seek his fortune, and had found
+employment in assisting the comic poet Cæcilius
+in making his translations from the Greek. Poets,
+however, were not so well paid as to be able
+to spare much for their assistants, and Cleon had
+been very glad to act as the young prince’s
+teacher, a post which his guardian the priest had
+<pb n='27'/><anchor id='Pg027'/>found it very difficult to fill. Tutor and pupil
+had been on the most friendly terms. The elder
+man was indulgent, exacted no more than the
+youth was willing to learn, and, possibly thinking
+that all the necessary austerity was supplied by
+the Roman guardian, winked at various indulgences
+which would not have approved themselves to his
+employer. Antiochus retained a grateful recollection
+of the complaisant youth who had made things
+so agreeable for him in the days of his captivity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hail, Cleon, most delightful of teachers, behold
+the most thankful of pupils!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And he embraced the Greek, kissing him on
+both cheeks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So you, too,</q> he went on, <q>have escaped from
+that dismal prison-house across the sea! Was
+there ever a place, think you, more unfit for a
+gentleman to live in? And how have you fared
+since I saw you? I hope that Fortune has had
+something pleasant in store for you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She could have done nothing better, Sire, than
+to thus give me the pleasure of seeing you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, what a compliment! I see that your tongue
+has not lost its dexterous twist. But I suppose I
+must attend to this stupid business here. Why
+can’t they let one come quietly, and see what people
+really are. I dare say there are some good fellows
+here as elsewhere; but all these ceremonies and
+speech-making and fine clothes tire me to death.
+<pb n='28'/><anchor id='Pg028'/>Well, we shall find a chance of having some talk
+together before long. Anyhow, you will come and
+see me at Antioch. I will make you court-poet, or
+general-in-chief, or high priest of Aphrodite! I
+know that you can do anything that you choose
+to turn your hand to.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+While this conversation was going on the Greek
+merchant who had volunteered to entertain the royal
+visitor was waiting to be introduced. This ceremony
+performed by Phineus, he proceeded to give
+his invitation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Will your Highness be pleased to accept such
+humble hospitality as I can offer? My house and
+all that is within it are at your service.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Pleased! of course I shall be pleased,</q> returned
+the King, in boisterous good humour. <q>I know
+what your <q>humble hospitality</q> means. It is you
+merchants that can afford to do things handsomely.
+You make the money, and we can only spend it.
+What with armies and fleets and legions of servants,
+who eat us up like so many locusts, we never have a
+drachma that we can call our own. As for me, I am
+easily satisfied. Give me a mullet, a piece of roast
+kid, a flask of good wine, and a pretty girl to hand
+the cup, and I want no more. Lead on.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The procession moved on to the merchant’s
+house. This reached, the King, who declared that
+he wanted his midday sleep, was at once shown to
+his apartments.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='29'/><anchor id='Pg029'/>
+
+<p>
+It was some six hours later when the banquet, for
+which the host had made magnificent preparations,
+was ready. The company was assembled, and was
+fairly numerous, though it did not contain the true
+<foreign rend='italic' lang="fr">élite</foreign> of Joppa society. With one or two not very
+respectable exceptions, the representatives of the
+high-class Jewish families were absent. But there
+were plenty of strangers in the town, and the room
+was sufficiently full. The trading community was
+present in force: Greeks, Syrians, Egyptians, Carthaginians,
+and even a Greek-speaking Gaul from
+Marseilles, were present. Rome was represented by
+two Roman knights, who were doing a profitable
+business in money-lending, and who had the name
+of pretty nearly every noble in Syria on their books.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the guest of the evening was absent. The
+company waited with the patience with which royal
+personages are waited for on such occasions. At
+last, when an hour had gone beyond the time fixed
+for the entertainment, the host ventured to send up
+to the King’s apartment, with a humble reminder
+that the banquet was ready. But the apartment
+was empty!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What can have become of him?</q> was the
+thought in every one’s mind, not unaccompanied by
+a certain anxiety in the older courtiers, who had
+observed with dismay the reckless proceedings of
+their master.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At last a thought struck Cleon. He took the
+<pb n='30'/><anchor id='Pg030'/>chief of the King’s attendants aside and communicated
+to him his suspicions. <q>I saw something
+of his Highness’s ways at Rome,</q> he said,
+<q>and I can guess what has happened. He always
+had a fancy for disguises, for dressing himself up as
+a sailor or an artizan, and going to some very
+curious places in the city. Often and often have I
+been with him—to keep him out of mischief, you
+know—and, by the gods! it was well I did. I
+remember his being very nearly stabbed one night
+in a low wine-shop in the Suburra.<note place="foot">The Suburra was one of the least reputable quarters in Rome.</note> And now I
+remember that this morning his Highness said
+something about wanting to see what the people
+really were, without all this ceremony. Let us
+question the porter whether he has seen any one go
+out.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The porter was questioned accordingly. At first
+he could give no information. At last he remembered
+observing two young men in sailor’s dress passing
+the gate about three hours before. He had taken no
+heed of them. Sailors had been coming and going
+all day, with various articles which they were bringing
+up from the ship, and he had supposed that
+these were two of the number. Here the man’s
+wife struck in with the information that she had
+noticed the two sailors, thinking that there was
+something odd about their appearance; their
+clothes were very shabby, but they had a superior
+<pb n='31'/><anchor id='Pg031'/>air. Neither the man nor his wife knew anything
+more; but they thought that the two had turned in
+the direction of the harbour after leaving the house.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Under these circumstances search seemed hopeless,
+and might, indeed, do more harm than good.
+Perhaps the safest plan would be to let the young
+man find his way back for himself. After some discussion,
+however, it was resolved that Cleon, after
+first changing the dress which he had donned for the
+banquet for something less conspicuous, should look
+in at some of the wine-shops near the harbour, which
+were suggested as likely places for the search by the
+character of the King’s disguise.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon was successful beyond his expectation. His
+attention was attracted by the sound of boisterous
+laughter proceeding from a tavern whose windows
+fronted the place where the King had landed. The
+place was crowded to overflowing, and even the
+pavement before the house was thronged with idlers,
+who were content to hear what they could of the
+fun inside without having any score to pay. With
+no little difficulty Cleon edged his way into the
+principal room. It was a strange scene that met
+his eye. The room was crowded with Phœnician
+and Greek sailors, with here and there the swarthy
+face of a Moor among them. The guests sat on
+benches, closely packed together, and every one had
+a huge earthenware cup in his hand and a pitcher of
+wine at his feet. At the further end of the room
+<pb n='32'/><anchor id='Pg032'/>was a small platform reserved for the performers
+who were accustomed to entertain the audience. A
+couple of dancing-girls had just exhibited a dance of
+the boisterous kind which was specially favoured
+by the seafaring spectators; and now his Syrian
+Majesty was doing his best to entertain the company
+with the burlesque of a Roman electioneering
+oration. He spoke in Greek, or, rather, the mixture
+of tongues, the <foreign rend='italic'>Lingua Franca</foreign> of the time, which
+did duty for Greek in the seaport towns of the
+Eastern Mediterranean; and he used with considerable
+effect the broad Roman accent. His speech,
+could it be reproduced, would be dull or even unintelligible
+to us, but his audience found it highly
+entertaining. The Greeks, always quick-witted,
+caught the points with admirable readiness, and the
+others laughed, if not for any other reason, at least
+for sympathy. The most completely successful part
+was where the orator, who affected to be a candidate
+for the consulship, propounded a grand scheme,
+according to which the citizens of Rome were to
+live in idleness, supported by the contributions of
+the whole world. When the attention of the audience
+began to flag, the young Prince, with an
+audacious presence of mind that would have become
+a veteran performer, suddenly changed the entertainment.
+Sticking a tall cap on his head, he
+proceeded to give a ludicrous imitation of the
+solemn dance of the priests of Mars. Cleon had
+<pb n='33'/><anchor id='Pg033'/>seen the original performance in Rome, and he could
+not but confess that the slow, awkward movement,
+and droning chant which the performer adapted to a
+popular song of a somewhat equivocal kind, was a
+very clever piece of work.
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>Antiochus in the Tavern.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_047"/><figure url="images/i_047.jpg" rend="w80">
+<index index="fig" level1="Antiochus in the Tavern"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>Antiochus in the Tavern.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>Antiochus in the Tavern</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<p>
+A few minutes afterwards Antiochus retired,
+breathless with his exertions, and Cleon made his
+way after him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So you are here,</q> burst out the King. <q>Good,
+was it not?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Excellent, my lord,</q> returned Cleon; <q>but you
+must excuse me if I ask you to come back. The
+banquet is ready, and the company are waiting for
+you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Confound the company; there is much better
+company here. I will stop where I am.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon remonstrated and argued; at first, it seemed,
+with no effect. Finally, however, by a judicious
+mixture of flattery and promises, and specially, by
+enlarging on the opportunity that there would be
+of electrifying the <foreign rend='italic' lang="fr">élite</foreign> of Joppa by a display of
+eloquence, he induced the King to come away.
+Antiochus was eaten up with a vanity that was
+almost insane, and he was as proud of his capacity
+for serious oratory as he was of his talents as a
+buffoon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Unfortunately the eloquence was never displayed.
+The King had drunk largely of the heady wine which
+was a favourite with the nautical customers of the
+<pb n='34'/><anchor id='Pg034'/>tavern, and he applied himself with equal diligence
+to the more refined vintages which he found on the
+table of Stratocles, his entertainer. The company
+drank his health in bumpers; and, not to be outdone,
+a huge capacity for drink being, as he thought, one
+of his most honourable distinctions, he pledged them
+in return by draining a cup of a royal size. This
+was a final effort. He spoke a few hesitating sentences,
+frequently interrupted by hiccoughs, staggered,
+and but for the prompt attention of his
+attendants, who had indeed observed his condition,
+would have fallen to the ground. Nothing
+remained but to carry him out of the banqueting
+hall.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was late in the afternoon of the following day
+before he was sufficiently recovered from the effects
+of his debauch to start for Jerusalem. A halt for
+the night was made about halfway, and late in
+the afternoon of the next day the cavalcade
+approached Jerusalem. Jason came out to meet
+his guest. He had done his utmost to bring a
+reputable company with him, but his efforts had not
+been very successful. The respectable part of the
+population of the city was conspicuously absent,
+a mixed multitude of strangers and half-breeds,
+brutal in manners and squalid in appearance, represented
+the Jewish nation. Fortunately it was dark,
+and the torchlight procession with which the King
+was escorted into the city did something to conceal
+<pb n='35'/><anchor id='Pg035'/>by its picturesque effects the general meanness of the
+affair. Antiochus, however, did not fail to notice the
+character of the gathering, and indeed rallied his
+host on his ragged and disreputable followers. But
+his good humour did not seem to be disturbed. He
+admired the decorations of the palace, was loud in
+praise of Jason’s taste in art, and indeed admired
+one statuette so much that his host felt compelled to
+offer it for his acceptance, much against his will, for
+it was supposed to be an original by Scopas, and to
+be worth at least five talents. The next day came a
+visit to the Temple. The King shrugged his shoulders
+at what he was pleased to consider the tastelessness
+of its architecture, suggested to his host that he
+had better pull the whole place down and build it
+again in a better style, and offered him the services
+of his own architect and a painter who, he said, had
+a quite unequalled skill for such subjects as a dance
+of satyrs and nymphs, and would cover the walls of
+the new building with some really elegant designs.
+But if the architecture of the Temple did not please
+him, he expressed a genuine admiration for some of
+its contents. There was a greedy light in his eye
+as he looked at the rich furniture and gorgeous
+vessels—and this, though Jason, having certain views
+of his own, had the prudence not to show him the
+chamber which contained the most massive treasures
+of the place. But whatever Antiochus may have
+thought, he said nothing but what was civil and
+<pb n='36'/><anchor id='Pg036'/>pleasant. It may be supposed, however, that a few
+days of such a guest would be enough, and it was
+with unmixed delight that at the end of a week Jason
+saw him depart for Phenicé.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="3" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='37'/><anchor id='Pg037'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="III. Menelaus"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="III. Menelaus"/>
+<head>CHAPTER III.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">MENELAUS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Two years have passed, and the fate which Jason
+had declared to be beyond all limits of probability
+or possibility has actually overtaken him. One of
+his agents, named Oniah, who has assumed the
+name of Menelaüs, for the rage for Greek fashions
+still continues unabated, has outbidden him, and now
+reigns in his stead, occupying the palace on Mount
+Sion which he had been at such pains to adorn.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+If we look into his library we shall see not only
+the books and statuettes—the silver tankards are
+gone, melted down into money that was wanted for
+some sudden exigency—but our old acquaintance,
+Cleon. The supple Greek was not one of those who
+take their friends for better, for worse. Jason was
+wandering about among the hills of Ammon with
+scarcely a garment to his back or a shekel that he
+could call his own, and what use could he find for
+the company of an accomplished gentleman, who had
+<pb n='38'/><anchor id='Pg038'/>as keen an eye as any one for a fine bit of sculpture
+or painting, and could not be rivalled, out of the profession,
+in his taste for wine? The accomplished
+gentleman knew where he was appreciated, where
+he was of use, and, naturally, where he was well off.
+Accordingly he had found means, as such people
+always do find means, of ingratiating himself with
+the new occupant of the palace, and was installed
+as his consulting connoisseur and chief adviser in
+matters of taste.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A poor creature, certainly,</q> he had replied to
+some depreciatory criticism which Menelaüs had
+passed on his predecessor, <q>but it must be allowed
+that he had a taste in art.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Or was sensible enough to be guided by those
+who had,</q> said Menelaüs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon acknowledged the compliment with a bow,
+and went on, <q>I never found him make any difficulty
+about the price. And, of course, if a man goes to
+work in that spirit, and has good advice, too, he is
+bound to make a fine collection.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Menelaüs received the observation with a grimace,
+and a significant shrug of the shoulders. <q><q>No
+difficulty about the price,</q> you say. Of course not.
+Why should he? When a man doesn’t pay, he is
+apt to be easy about the amount. Do you know that
+the bills for half the things that you see in this room
+have been sent in to me? Sometimes he had to pay
+the money down. The <q>Gladiator</q> there, from
+<pb n='39'/><anchor id='Pg039'/>Pergamum could not have been got without ready
+cash; but wherever he could, he went on credit, and
+now the dealers are down upon me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And he held up a sheaf of bills.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Here,</q> he went on, <q rend="post: none">is a pretty account from
+Theodotus of Alexandria, the bookseller, you know:</q>
+</p>
+
+<table rend="latexcolumns: 'p{5.2cm}rl'; tblcolumns: 'lw(40m) r l'">
+ <row>
+<cell><q rend="post: none"><q rend="post: none"><hi rend='italic'>A Manuscript of Anacreon</hi> (said to be autograph)</q></q></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">10</cell>
+<cell>minæ.</cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell><hi rend='italic'>The Milesian Tales</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">5</cell>
+<cell>„</cell>
+</row>
+ <row>
+<cell><hi rend='italic'>Drinking Songs from Cratinus</hi></cell>
+<cell rend="text-align: right">2</cell>
+<cell>„’</cell>
+</row>
+</table>
+
+<p>
+<q rend="pre: none">And so it goes on, with a quantity of books which
+I am sure the old impostor never read. Two talents
+and twelve minæ it comes to altogether. Then
+here is <q>A Group of the Graces, 1 talent;</q> <q>Silenus,
+20 minæ;</q> <q>Satyr and Nymphs, half a talent.</q> <q>Set
+of Flagons, worked with the Labours of Hercules,
+2 talents.</q> These the villain melted down before
+he went. Fancy the rascality of that! Why, the
+silver by weight could not have been worth a
+fourth part of what it cost with the workmanship.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> said Cleon, <q>the fellows can wait. They
+can afford it; I know enough about these things to
+be sure that they get a very handsome profit. I used
+to travel, you know, for Cleisthenes of Syracuse,
+and so got to know something about the secrets
+of the trade. No, you need not be afraid of making
+them wait.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='40'/><anchor id='Pg040'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, they have waited three years already,</q>
+returned Menelaüs; <q>and very likely will have to be
+out of their money for as many more. But here is
+a gentleman who won’t wait. Here is Sostratus</q>
+(Sostratus, it should be mentioned, was Governor of
+the Castle, which was garrisoned by Syrian troops,
+and so the representative of King Antiochus)—<q>here
+is Sostratus asking for the half-year’s tribute,
+and giving me a pretty strong hint that, if
+I don’t send it, he shall come and take it for
+himself. And where is the money to come from?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> said Cleon, with a little laugh, <q>I
+suppose there is one way to get milk, and that is
+to go to the cow, or the goat, or the sheep. You
+see, we have a certain choice between big and little.
+And so, if you want money, you must go to the
+people, I suppose.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The people! they are squeezed absolutely dry,
+at least one would think so. I could tell you stories
+about the squeezing that would make you split your
+sides with laughing. There was old Levi, a Bethlehem
+farmer; they boiled him, or half-boiled him,
+because he would not pay his taxes—said that he
+couldn’t, the old villain! They put him in a caldron,
+you see, and kept heating it up, because he would
+not tell where he had hidden his money.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, did they get it out of him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No, the obstinate old dog, he would not say a
+word; but before he was quite finished his wife
+<pb n='41'/><anchor id='Pg041'/>brought the coins from her head-dress and bought
+him off. They say that he was the queerest figure
+when he came out of the water, with the skin
+hanging about him in folds. Well, at all events, it
+was a good washing for him. He had never been so
+clean in his life before.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And did he recover?</q> asked Menander.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Upon my word, I can’t remember. But I do
+know that we got the money.</q><note place="foot"><q>He came with the King’s mandate, bringing nothing worthy the
+high priesthood, but having the fury of a cruel tyrant, and the rage of
+a savage beast</q> (2 Macc. iv. 25).</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, I remember what your predecessor used to
+say. It was in this very room about two years ago
+that I asked him whether he felt quite safe. <q>Oh,
+yes!</q> he answered, <q>I have got the last farthing that
+is to be got, and there is an end of it!</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> replied the high priest, <q>there are other
+ways of getting money besides taxes. I will allow
+that Jason worked the taxes as well as a man could.
+No one can eat or drink, lie down or get up, walk
+or ride, travel or stay at home, be born or marry,
+or be buried, without having to pay for it. No! I
+do not see room for another, and I am sure that it is
+not for want of looking. But, as I said, there are
+other ways. Now—can you keep a secret?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A secret! I should say so—not the grave itself
+better!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hush! my friend, good words! good words!</q>
+<pb n='42'/><anchor id='Pg042'/>cried the high priest, who felt, or affected to feel,
+the common Greek superstition against words that
+seemed to carry an evil omen with them. <q>Well, if
+you can, come here.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So saying, Menelaüs took his friend into an
+adjoining room, and opening a cupboard, secured,
+as the Greek observed, by an iron door and by a lock
+of elaborate construction, showed him a number of
+massive gold vases.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And where do these come from?</q> asked Cleon,
+almost dazzled by the splendid array.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Where should they come from, but from the
+Temple? Some of these have got a history of
+their own. You see that two-handled cup? King
+Artaxerxes gave it to Nehemiah: solid gold. And
+you see those splendid sapphires in the handles?
+The very biggest stones of the sort I have ever
+seen, and worth three talents each. Then there is
+that salver, Alexander of Macedon gave it to
+the Temple; and that casket there was a present
+from the first Ptolemy.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But, my dear sir,</q> said the Greek, astonished at
+the audacity of the whole affair, <q>is not this going
+a little too far? Suppose the people were to find
+it out? Would there not be a rather formidable
+uproar?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, of course; we cannot get anything without
+risk. But I have taken precautions. First, I have
+put a facsimile of every one of these in the Temple;
+<pb n='43'/><anchor id='Pg043'/>gilded lead, which does perfectly well for all practical
+purposes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But the weight! Surely any one can tell the
+difference by the weight.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of course, my dear Cleon, I know that lead is
+little more than half as heavy as gold. But there
+are ways of making it up. You can put a great deal
+more metal in, without its being observed, and
+almost make up the difference. And, you see, the
+things are never allowed to be handled; can only
+be looked at. I have given very strict orders about
+that, you may be sure. Of course the treasurer is
+in the secret; but as he must sink or swim with me,
+he may be trusted. Besides, I am not going to run
+the risk of keeping them here. I can trust you,
+my good Cleon, as I can my own brother—in fact,
+when I come to think of it, a good deal more—yet
+I am not sure that I should have told you so much,
+but that the best of these are going to be packed off
+to-night. The fact is, they are sold already.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Greek could only shrug his shoulders and say
+nothing. As my readers will have perceived, he was
+not a man of high principles—in fact, to put the
+matter plainly, he was an unscrupulous adventurer.
+But the reckless villainy of Menelaüs fairly disgusted
+him. His taste, quite apart from any
+question of principle or honesty, revolted at the
+notion that a man, placed as was the high priest
+of the Jewish people, should deal with these historic
+<pb n='44'/><anchor id='Pg044'/>treasures as a vulgar burglar might deal with them.
+This was a refinement of feeling into which the
+vulgar cupidity of Menelaüs did not enter. He went
+on:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How wild that scoundrel Jason would be, if he
+knew of this, to think that he had lost such an
+opportunity, had these treasures in his hand, so to
+speak, and leave them to his worst enemy!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have you heard anything lately about him?</q>
+asked the Greek, not unwilling to change the subject.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh, yes,</q> replied Menelaüs, <q>he is wandering
+about somewhere in the country of the Ammonites,
+and at his wits’ end, I am told, how to live.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Poor fellow!</q> said Cleon, <foreign rend='italic' lang="it">sotto voce</foreign>, <q>he
+was always very kind to me, and I can’t help
+being sorry for him.</q> He then went on aloud,
+<q>He will find it a great change from his way of
+living here.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, yes!</q> said Menelaüs; <q>but still, some of his
+old ways and habits will come in usefully. He was
+always great about training, you remember. Every
+one should be ready to fight a boxing-match or run
+a race. Cold, hunger, fatigue; these, he used to say,
+are the things to bring out a man’s muscles. And
+now he has got them in perfection. He might
+really carry off some prize, only, unluckily, he is
+getting a little too old for that sort of thing. And
+then, you recollect, how he would go on about the
+<pb n='45'/><anchor id='Pg045'/>beauty of the human form. Clothes, especially the
+gorgeous clothes of our people, obscured so tastelessly
+its magnificent proportions. Well, he has
+not much to complain of, I imagine, on that score.
+By the last account that I had of him he had as
+little in the way of clothing as a man could well
+have. Anyhow, he may console himself with
+thinking that <hi rend='italic'>his</hi> magnificent proportions are not
+obscured. Well, I don’t pity him. A man who has
+managed to get into a good place and then cannot
+stick to it is nothing better than a fool, and richly
+deserves everything that he may get.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At this point in the conversation a servant announced
+the arrival of a message from Sostratus,
+Governor of the Castle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>All the gods and goddesses confound the
+man!</q> cried the high priest, in a rage. He was
+fond of garnishing his conversation with a little
+Greek profanity. <q>Another dunning message, I
+suppose. Well, he must wait. No man can get
+any water by squeezing out of a dry sponge; and
+that is about what I am!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The communication from Sostratus proved, however,
+to be on quite another subject, though it was,
+if possible, even more unwelcome. It ran thus:—
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; center; font-size: small"><q rend="post: none"><hi rend='italic'>Sostratus, Vicegerent of the Divine King, Antiochus, to Menelaüs, the High Priest, greeting.</hi></q></p>
+
+<p rend="margin-bottom: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; font-size: small">
+<q>Know that I have this day received the summons of the Divine
+King, Antiochus, to attend him at his court at Antioch, within the
+space of thirty days, there to inform his Highness more fully of affairs
+<pb n='46'/><anchor id='Pg046'/>concerning his province of Judæa. Know also that your presence is
+required at the same place and time, whereof the writing herewith
+enclosed, being sealed with the King’s seal, will be proof sufficient.
+Farewell.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Menelaüs’s face visibly lengthened as he read
+this epistle. <q>By the dog!</q> (this was a Socratic
+oath which he sometimes affected, as giving to
+his conversation a certain philosophic tinge)—<q>By
+the dog! this is worse than being dunned!
+I like not a journey to Antioch. A very pretty
+place, but expensive, dreadfully expensive, especially
+when one has the honour of being entertained by
+the King.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon felt a certain pleasure in the high priest’s
+discomfiture. The new patron was more overbearing,
+less considerate, and generally more difficult
+to get on with than the old. Jason, coxcomb as
+he was, had always been kind, and Cleon felt as
+kindly for him as it was in his nature to feel
+for any one. And then the exquisite propriety with
+which this disturbing news followed the man’s
+taunts and boasts was irresistible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is hard,</q> he said, as if to himself, <q>when a
+man has got into a good place——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Menelaüs darted an angry look at his friend, but
+the Greek’s face, which he knew how to keep under
+admirable control, expressed nothing but respectful
+sympathy. There was an unpleasant suggestion of
+mockery in what he had heard; but the Greek was
+<pb n='47'/><anchor id='Pg047'/>a useful person; he had been trusted, too, and
+knew things which it would not do to have published.
+Altogether, the high priest concluded, it
+would not do to quarrel with him—anyhow, for the
+present; some day, perhaps, he might be got rid of.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I suppose, sir, you cannot make an excuse—important
+affairs of State, the King’s service to be
+attended to, or something of that kind?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon made the suggestion, knowing perfectly
+well that it was quite out of the question. But he
+enjoyed the novel position of tormenting his patron,
+and was taking it out, so to speak, for not a few
+rudenesses and slights.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Excuse!</q> cried Menelaüs. <q>It would be as much
+as my head is worth to do anything of the kind.
+No! I must go. But this is not a journey which one
+cares to take empty-handed. Let me see what I
+can take—two or three of the most portable cups,
+as much coin as I can scrape together, and the
+jewels—jewels are always useful: it is so easy to
+hide them. Well, I shall leave you in charge;
+unless, indeed, you are very much set on going
+yourself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon was not at all set upon going; on the contrary,
+nothing short of the strongest inducements
+would have persuaded him to the journey. Going
+to Antioch was like putting one’s head into the lion’s
+mouth. There was no particular reason, indeed,
+why <hi rend='italic'>his</hi> head should be bitten off; but lions are
+<pb n='48'/><anchor id='Pg048'/>capricious, and sometimes use their teeth for the
+mere fun of the thing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am much obliged for the chance,</q> he said,
+<q>but my health has been suffering lately, and I do
+not feel quite equal to the journey.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, then,</q> replied Menelaüs, <q>stop here, and
+keep things as straight as you can. And if you can
+sell some of these pretty things for ready money,
+do so—the usual commission for yourself, of course.
+But it must all be kept quiet.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next day the high priest and the Governor,
+neither of them in very good spirits, were on their
+way to Antioch.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="4" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='49'/><anchor id='Pg049'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="IV. At Antioch"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="IV. At Antioch"/>
+<head>CHAPTER IV.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">AT ANTIOCH.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Antioch more than deserved the praise of <q>a very
+pretty place,</q> which Menelaüs had bestowed upon
+it. In fact, it was one of the finest cities of the
+world. The old town which the first Antiochus<note place="foot">Son and successor of Seleucus Nicator, the first of the dynasty of
+the Greek Syrian kings.</note>
+had found had been improved away by him and his
+successors. All that could be done by a despotic
+power that made very short work with the wishes
+and even the rights of private owners of property,
+and by a lavish expenditure of money, had been
+done by five generations of rulers, and the result
+was magnificent. Broad streets ran from side to
+side; and those who grumbled that the narrow
+alleys of the old town gave at least a shelter from
+the sun were consoled by the rows of planes and
+limes, planted alternately, which shaded both sides
+of each thoroughfare. Rows of houses, which
+looked more like palaces than private dwellings,
+<pb n='50'/><anchor id='Pg050'/>occupied the best quarter of the city, and even
+the poorest regions had nothing of the squalor of
+poverty. Even the filth so common in the East was
+conspicuously absent from Antioch, for every gutter
+ran with an unceasing stream of water, drawn from
+a higher point of the Orontes and carrying into that
+river at a lower point all the defilement of the
+streets. Temples, in which a whole pantheon of
+gods was worshipped, were to be seen on every
+hand. The pure and harmonious outlines of Greek
+architecture could be seen side by side with the
+<hi rend='italic'>bizarre</hi> conceptions of Oriental art. If the kings
+and their Greek subjects worshipped Zeus and
+Apollo, and, above all, Aphrodité, who had here her
+famous grove of Daphne, so the Syrian population
+were faithful to Baal and Ashtaroth. A magnificent
+amphitheatre, capable of holding at least thirty
+thousand spectators, rose, a striking mass of white
+marble, on the north side of the city; a colonnade
+ran round the four sides of the market-place,
+gorgeous with the lavish colours of the East, for
+here the art of Greece had been superseded for once
+by the more ornate native taste. But the river,
+rushing down between its noble embankments of
+stone, was the chief ornament of the place. The
+Orontes had not gathered round it the splendid
+associations that clustered about the Tiber, but its
+broad, clear stream was in everything else more than
+a match for its Italian rival.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='51'/><anchor id='Pg051'/>
+
+<p>
+Menelaüs and his companion, who, it may be
+guessed, had reasons of his own for regarding with
+anxiety the summons that brought him to the
+capital, were not a little relieved to find that the
+King had been called away by urgent affairs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Tarsus, one of the most important cities in his
+dominions, had rebelled. Its antiquity, its wealth,
+and its fame as a seat of culture, a character in
+which it claimed to be a rival of Athens itself, had
+combined to give the Tarsians a high opinion of
+themselves. Successive rulers, beginning with the
+Assyrian kings, its first founders, had allowed the
+city a certain independence; and its pride was
+grievously wounded when the young King, with the
+reckless levity that distinguished him, handed it over
+as a private possession to his mistress. The citizens
+pitched the lady’s collectors into the Cydnus, shut
+their gates, and defied their sovereign; Mallos,
+another Cilician city which had suffered the same
+indignity, following their example. The King had
+marched to reduce the rebels—a task, it was probable,
+of no little difficulty—leaving a certain Andronicus
+to act as his deputy, and specially to dispose of the
+charge on which Menelaüs and Sostratus had been
+summoned.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This charge was one of a very formidable kind.
+Menelaüs’s dealings with the treasures of the
+Temple had not been so secret as he had hoped.
+Such things cannot be done without a certain
+<pb n='52'/><anchor id='Pg052'/>number of confederates, and such confederates are
+very apt to give a finishing touch to their villainy by
+betraying their chief. In this instance one of the
+journeymen employed had considered himself insufficiently
+paid, rightly thinking, perhaps, that if
+sacrilege can be recompensed at all, it ought to be
+recompensed handsomely. Personally he was too
+insignificant to venture an attack on so great a
+potentate as the high priest, but he knew whither
+to carry his information. He told what he knew to
+a priest, who, besides being a devout Jew, was a
+member of the family to which the high priesthood
+properly belonged. The priest, after satisfying himself
+that the story was true, at once set about
+bringing the offender to justice.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His course was plain. Menelaüs, we have seen,
+had supplanted Jason, and Jason had himself purchased
+the dignity. But Oniah, the rightful high
+priest, who had been displaced by Jason, was still
+alive. Antiochus, naturally fearing his influence
+with his countrymen, had kept him at his capital,
+treating him, strange to say, with remarkable consideration.
+But Oniah was one of those men who
+extort veneration even from the most reckless of
+profligates. His venerable figure, his face beaming
+with benevolence, his blameless life, and the charities
+which he dispensed up to and even beyond the limit
+of his means, had won for him the regard of all
+Antioch. Even the heathen would stop him in the
+<pb n='53'/><anchor id='Pg053'/>streets and beg his blessing. Oniah was a power in
+Antioch for which even the reckless young profligate
+on the throne had an unfeigned respect.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It may, then, be easily imagined that no little
+sensation was produced when this venerable personage
+appeared before Antiochus, and, in the presence
+of the Court, accused Menelaüs, whom he had
+steadfastly refused to acknowledge as high priest,
+of having embezzled much of the treasure of the
+Temple at Jerusalem. That Oniah, whose veracity
+and good faith were beyond all question, should
+make such a charge was <foreign rend='italic' lang="la">primâ facie</foreign> evidence of its
+truth. As he was known to have many friends in
+Jerusalem, it was more than probable that evidence
+would be forthcoming. The King did not hesitate a
+moment in acting upon this probability. Of course,
+he did not look at the matter in at all the same light
+as that in which it was regarded by the devout
+Oniah. To the dispossessed high priest the robbery
+of the sacred vessels was a monstrous sacrilege, an
+offence of the deepest dye, not only against his
+country but against his God. Antiochus felt that
+it was he who had been wronged. The treasures of
+the Jerusalem Temple were <hi rend='italic'>his</hi> treasures. He might
+be content to leave them, at all events for the
+present, where they were; but they must be ready
+to his hand whenever the occasion should arise, and
+any one who presumed to appropriate them was a
+traitor and a villain. Hence the urgent summons to
+<pb n='54'/><anchor id='Pg054'/>Menelaüs and to Sostratus, who, as Governor, could
+hardly fail, thought Antiochus, to have been cognizant
+of the whole proceeding.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Almost immediately after the despatch of the
+summons came the trouble with Tarsus. The King
+started to chastise in person his rebellious subjects,
+and left, as we have said, Andronicus in general charge
+of affairs, and with a special commission to hear the
+accusation which Oniah was bringing against Menelaüs.
+The choice was an unlucky one. Antiochus
+was sincerely anxious that justice should be done in
+the matter; but to get justice done in any particular
+case when it is not the rule of the administration is
+exceedingly difficult. Andronicus, to put the facts
+quite simply, was an unprincipled villain, ready to
+sell his decisions, when he could do so with impunity,
+to the highest bidder. He was an old
+acquaintance and confederate of Sostratus, and
+Menelaüs, who had established friendly relations
+with the Governor during their journey from Jerusalem
+to Antioch, soon received a hint as to how he
+should proceed. The hearing of the case had been
+appointed for the sixth day after his arrival. Before
+that date one of the sacred vessels which he had
+taken the precaution of bringing with him, had been
+exchanged for five hundred gold pieces, and the
+gold pieces had found their way into the pocket of
+Andronicus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the day appointed Oniah, supported by the
+<pb n='55'/><anchor id='Pg055'/>principal Jewish inhabitants of Antioch and by not
+a few of the most respectable Greeks, appeared to
+substantiate his charges against the usurper Menelaüs.
+The evidence appeared to be overwhelming.
+The artizan who had been employed to fabricate the
+worthless imitations of the precious vessels told the
+whole story of the fraud with a fulness of detail
+which seemed to bear all the stamp of truth. Another
+witness related how he had carried one of the original
+articles to a goldsmith at Sidon, and actually produced
+a rough memorandum of its weight, which
+had been made upon the spot, to be afterwards
+embodied in the formal receipt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The line of defence adopted was bold, not to say
+impudent. The whole affair, according to Menelaüs,
+was a conspiracy on the part of the irreconcilable
+Jews to overthrow a loyal subject of the King. The
+witnesses, he declared, had been suborned, the
+documents had been forged. He then went on to
+bring a counter-charge against his accuser. And here
+he found a certain advantage in the transparent
+honesty of Oniah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Do you acknowledge,</q> he asked the ex-high
+priest, <q>the validity of the appointments which our
+most noble lord Antiochus has made to the office of
+high priest?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Oniah frankly confessed that he did not.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Do you consider yourself to be still, according to
+the Law, in rightful possession of that office?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='56'/><anchor id='Pg056'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And bound to assert that right?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>By lawful means.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you hold all means to be lawful that are
+enjoined in the Law of Moses?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I do.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And among such means you would count the
+banishment from the precincts of the Holy City of
+all such as do not worship the Lord God of Israel?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Oniah felt that he was becoming entangled in this
+artful web of questions, and made an effort to break
+loose. <q>I appeal,</q> he cried, <q>most excellent Andronicus,
+to all who, in this city of Antioch, for these four
+years past have known my manner of life. You see
+sundry of them, nor of my own nation only, in the
+court this day. Ask them whether I have not lived
+in all peace and quietness, not seeking to disturb,
+either by word or deed, the dominions of my lord
+the King.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Menelaüs, of course, had not come unprovided
+with witnesses. The old man had, to tell the truth,
+used language of an imprudent kind. He was a
+patriot and a believer. As such, he had his beliefs
+and his hopes, and it was part of his character to
+express such beliefs and hopes quite openly. He had
+talked of a day when the Holy Land should be no
+more the prey of the alien and the heathen, when a
+king of the House of David should rule in Mount
+Sion, when the Temple should regain all the
+sacred<pb n='57'/><anchor id='Pg057'/>ness and all the glory which had ever belonged to it.
+Such language, construed strictly, was not consistent
+with a thorough loyalty to the Syrian monarch. But
+no one who knew Oniah, a man of peace who had
+the good sense to recognize what was and what was
+not possible, could suppose that any scheme of revolt
+against existing authorities had ever entered into his
+mind. In fact he had not said a word that had not
+been said before by one or more of the prophets.
+Still, words which breathed a spirit of independence,
+when reported by witnesses, and acknowledged by
+Oniah—who was, indeed, too honest to deny them—gave
+Andronicus the occasion for which he had been
+looking. He gave his decision in the following
+terms:—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The charge against Menelaüs is postponed for
+further hearing. Meanwhile the documents produced
+and the witnesses will remain in the custody of the
+Court. As for Oniah, he must be reserved for the
+judgment of the King in person. I should myself
+have been disposed to release him; but in the
+absence of my lord, considering that the peace of the
+realm is so essentially concerned, I do not venture
+so far.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was proceeding to give orders for the removal
+of Oniah, when an ominous murmur from the audience,
+with which the court was crowded, made him
+pause. Prisoners who saw the inside of an Antioch
+dungeon were sometimes not heard of again. The
+<pb n='58'/><anchor id='Pg058'/>air had a certain power of developing very rapid
+diseases, so rapid that the sufferers were not only
+dead but buried before any tidings of the sickness
+reached their friends. Antioch was not disposed to
+see the man who was probably the most widely
+respected of all its inhabitants, exposed to such a
+risk. Andronicus, who could not even trust the
+soldiers to act against so venerable a person, drew
+back. He was willing, he said, to accept sureties in
+a sufficient amount for the due appearance of the
+accused. The sureties were forthcoming in a
+moment, in sums so great and so absolutely secure
+that Andronicus had no pretext for refusing them.
+He proceeded to adjourn the Court for fourteen
+days.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+During the interval he took the opportunity of
+making a change in the garrison of the capital.
+Troops recruited from some of the regions bordering
+on Judæa, and accordingly among the bitterest
+enemies of its people, replaced some Greek mercenaries.
+The strangers knew nothing about Oniah,
+except that he was a Jew, and, being a Jew, of
+course hateful. They could be relied upon to obey
+orders, and those who knew Andronicus were sure
+what orders he would issue.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Oniah’s friends urged him to fly. He was too old
+and feeble, he replied; it would be better for him to
+die at his post. Then they implored him to take
+sanctuary.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='59'/><anchor id='Pg059'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>What!</q> he cried, <q>take sanctuary in a heathen
+temple! There is none other in the place. I would
+sooner die a thousand times.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was not in a temple, they explained, that he
+was to find shelter. It was in the Gardens of Daphne
+that they wished him to take refuge. And they proceeded
+to unfold an elaborate argument, the gist of
+which was that the Gardens were a civil, and not a
+religious, sanctuary; that there would be no occasion
+for him to enter the consecrated enclosure; he would
+be simply availing himself of a custom which forbad
+the entrance of the Minister of Justice into a place
+devoted to the amusement of the people. It is
+probable that they strained their argument beyond
+the limits of the truth. It was with great difficulty
+that Oniah could be made to yield. When he did so
+at last, on the urgent representations of his friends
+that the hopes of a free Israel were largely dependent
+on the preservation of his life, he could not help
+foreboding that the concession would not profit
+either himself or them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The world scarcely contained a more beautiful
+place—beautiful both by grace of nature and diligence
+of art—than the Gardens of Daphne; and
+certainly none that seemed more unlikely to shelter
+a devout Jew. Its avenues of cypress and laurels,
+its delicious depths of shade, its thousand streams,
+clear as crystal and untouched by the drought of the
+longest, most fiery summer, were but a part of its
+<pb n='60'/><anchor id='Pg060'/>charms. Of some, perhaps the chief of its attractions,
+it is best not to speak; but there were others, less
+unseemly indeed, but such as must have been
+absolutely scandalous to such a man as Oniah. The
+curious thronged to see the gigantic statue of Apollo,
+a match both in size and costliness of material to
+that of Zeus in the plain of Olympia. (It was sixty
+feet in height, and wrought of gold and ivory.) To
+complete the resemblance to the famous meeting-place
+of the Greek race, there was a running ground
+and rings for wrestling and boxing. Finally, Daphne
+claimed to rival another great centre of Greek life
+in its special characteristic. It was stoutly maintained
+that the Apollo who haunted the laurel-groves
+of Daphne was as true a prophet as he who spoke
+through the lips of Pythia at Delphi. Crowds of
+men and women, eager to learn the secrets of the
+future, came to the groves of Antioch. The
+method by which they saw into the secrets of fate
+seemed singularly simple. The questioner dipped a
+laurel leaf into the stream that flowed by the shrine,
+and lo! the surface appeared written over with the
+intimations of fate. Simple it was, but the priests
+had spent a world of pains in acquiring the art of
+invisible writing, and they did their best to learn
+something about the history and prospects of the
+applicants.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Such was Daphne, and no one could be more
+astonished than were its inhabitants and visitors
+<pb n='61'/><anchor id='Pg061'/>at the strange figure whom they saw before them;
+strange to the place, indeed, rather than to them, for
+Oniah, as has been said, was one of the best-known
+personages in Antioch. The rumour of his coming
+had gone before him, and a crowd, half curious, half
+respectful, had gathered to meet him. In not a few,
+indeed, curiosity and respect were mingled with
+something of fear. The presence of this austere
+piety in this haunt of vicious pleasure, was thought
+to augur ill for its prosperity. Some of the priests
+were heard to murmur that one who was the avowed
+enemy of the gods ought not to be admitted. But
+they did not venture to deny to any one who sought
+them the privileges of sanctuary, while their fears
+were not of a kind which they could make their
+followers understand. They had, therefore, to
+acquiesce, and hope that the unwelcome visitor
+would bring with him no ill-luck.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A little building, as remote as possible from the
+central temple, had been secured for the residence
+of Oniah. On reaching the gardens he had to make
+his way to it through two dense lines of eager spectators.
+The temple, the shrine of the oracle, the
+pavilions devoted to pleasure, were for the nonce
+deserted. The drunkards left their wine-cup, and,
+stranger still, the dice-players their gaming-tables,
+to gaze upon the holy man. As he walked up the
+narrow avenue that had been left for his passage,
+some of the women whose venal beauty was one of
+<pb n='62'/><anchor id='Pg062'/>the attractions of the place, threw themselves at his
+feet. Unhappy creatures, they had been brought up
+from childhood to this life of degradation, which
+indeed had a certain hideous sanction of religious
+association about it; but they had not altogether
+lost the womanly veneration for goodness, and, like
+the Magdalen of a later time, seemed to forget themselves
+in its presence. The old man, unconscious of
+their character, or perhaps, with the Divine Guest
+of the Pharisee of Capernaum, ignoring it, stretched
+out his hands with the gesture of blessing, and,
+though it was technically a pollution to touch a
+heathen, he even laid them on some children who
+were almost thrust into his arms. There was hardly
+a heart that was not touched with this kindness,
+and when the priest, as he entered his new abode,
+turned and bade the multitude farewell, he was
+answered with shouts of enthusiasm.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Menelaüs and his accomplices were dismayed at
+the escape of the victim. A witness who knew so
+much, and whose word was so implicitly believed,
+must be silenced at any cost. To take him by force
+from the sanctuary was impossible. Any attempt of
+the kind would certainly end in disaster. But it might
+be possible to draw him forth by fraud. Menelaüs
+knew enough of the old man’s character to be sure
+that he had gone reluctantly, and would gladly seize
+the opportunity of quitting a scene in which he must
+have felt himself so much out of place. Some such
+<pb n='63'/><anchor id='Pg063'/>fraud it would not be difficult to contrive with the help
+of Andronicus. Accordingly another of the sacred
+vessels found its way to the dealer, and another purse
+of gold into the pocket of the viceroy, and in a few
+hours the plot was arranged. As Antiochus was on
+his way back from the north, there was no time to
+be lost.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Two days after the arrival of Oniah at the gardens
+a visitor to him was announced. It was the viceroy
+himself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Venerable sir,</q> he began, <q>it has grieved me
+beyond measure to find that you were distrustful of
+my honourable, and I may say friendly, intentions
+concerning you. Whoever accused me of ill-will
+towards you has wronged me most foully. And let
+me add that you also have been wronged no less in
+that you have been persuaded to come to a place so
+unworthy of your dignity. Your safety should be
+ensured, not by a sanctuary in which thieves and
+murderers find refuge, but by the inviolable precincts
+of the royal palace itself. Let me offer to you, in the
+name of the King, the hospitality of his abode. In
+the meanwhile I am willing to swear by any oaths
+that may suffice to satisfy you and your friends, that
+you shall suffer no injury from my hands.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One or two of Oniah’s friends strongly dissuaded
+him from trusting himself to the viceroy. But their
+caution was overborne by their companions and by
+the eagerness of the priest to quit so uncongenial a
+<pb n='64'/><anchor id='Pg064'/>place. Andronicus took every oath known to Greek
+or Jew that he would treat the priest with all
+respect, and Oniah gladly bade farewell to the
+Gardens. His departure was made at the dead of
+night, and unknown to any of the inhabitants of
+Daphne. Had they been aware of his intention, it
+is probable, knowing as they did the character of
+Andronicus, that they would have hindered it by
+force.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Almost at the moment of Oniah’s arrival at the
+palace a runner reached it from the King announcing
+his intended arrival on the next day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Speedy action was necessary, and Andronicus,
+though not without misgivings, determined to lose
+no time. A Court of Justice, so called, was hastily
+held. A creature of his own was called to preside
+over it. Witnesses whose testimony had been carefully
+prepared, deposed to preparations for rebellion
+to which Oniah had been privy, and to which he
+had lent his aid. The accused was not allowed to
+have an advocate, and scarcely even permitted to speak.
+Two hours sufficed for this mockery of
+a legal process, and two more for carrying into
+effect the sentence of death which was of course
+pronounced. Though the brutal Cilicians who formed
+the garrison of the palace were ready to carry out
+any order which their officer might give, it was
+judged well to avoid anything like a public execution.
+That very night Oniah was poisoned in his
+<pb n='65'/><anchor id='Pg065'/>prison, and before dawn the next day his body was
+hastily consigned to the tomb.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The punishment for this atrocious act of treachery
+and cruelty was not long delayed. One of the first
+acts of Antiochus, after his return to his capital, was
+to demand the presence of Oniah, and then the story
+had to be told. Andronicus did his best to put such
+a colour upon it as would deceive his master. The
+attempt was vain. The King saw in a moment
+through the idle charges which had been brought
+against the dead man. <q>What!</q> he cried, <q>Oniah
+rebel against <hi rend='italic'>me</hi>!</q> His vanity and self-confidence
+made the accusation seem the very height of
+absurdity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of course,</q> the King went on—<q>of course he did
+not acknowledge the priesthood of Jason or Menelaüs;
+he has told me so himself twenty times.
+He could not think otherwise, and he was as honest
+as the day. I only wish that he had left another as
+honest behind him. Zeus and all the gods of heaven
+and hell confound me if I do not avenge him to the
+uttermost. Tell me,</q> he cried, turning to the captain
+of the Cilicians, who stood by dismayed at his
+master’s rage—<q>tell me where you have buried
+him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The captain described the place.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I will see him once more, and these villains shall
+see him too,</q> he said, pointing to the trembling pair,
+Andronicus and his creature the judge.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='66'/><anchor id='Pg066'/>
+
+<p>
+He went on foot, his royal dress discarded for a
+mourner’s cloak. His courtiers followed him, and a
+guard of soldiers behind brought with them the
+guilty viceroy and judge.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Open the grave,</q> he said, when he reached the
+spot.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was soon done, for the murderers had hurried
+their victim into a shallow tomb. In a few minutes
+the body of the dead man was exposed to view.
+Decay had not commenced, and death had given
+fresh depth and beauty to the serenity which had
+been their habitual expression in life. Antiochus
+gazed awhile at the face; then, dropping on his
+knees, covered his head with his mantle, and burst
+into a passion of tears.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In a few minutes he rose to his feet. Grief had
+given place to rage, and his eyes blazed with fury.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Bind that wretch!</q> he cried, pointing to the
+wretched Andronicus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was bound, and stood waiting his doom.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is not worth the blow of an honest sword,</q>
+cried the King; <q>strangle him, as if he were a dog.
+But first make him look at the man whom he has
+murdered.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Andronicus was forced to the edge of the grave
+and compelled to look at the dead. A halter was
+thrown round his neck, and the next moment he was
+a corpse. The judge shared his fate. <q>And you,
+sir,</q> said the King, turning to the captain who
+<pb n='67'/><anchor id='Pg067'/>had administered the poison—<q>you, sir, though you
+are a barbarian, and know no better, must learn that
+you cannot rob the world of one who was worth a
+thousand such brutes as you. You are captain no
+more; that is your successor,</q> and he pointed to an
+officer in his train. <q>You can groom his horses, if
+you don’t want to starve. And think that you are
+lucky that you keep your head.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So the good Oniah was avenged.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="5" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='68'/><anchor id='Pg068'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="V. The Wrath to Come"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="V. The Wrath to Come"/>
+<head>CHAPTER V.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE WRATH TO COME.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+A year has passed since the tragedy related in the
+last chapter. Menelaüs, thanks chiefly to the
+fickle temper of Antiochus, had escaped the fate
+which overtook his accomplice Andronicus, and had
+returned to pillage his unfortunate countrymen in
+Palestine. But his lease of power had come to an
+end. Jason, his dispossessed rival, had taken the
+opportunity of a report that Antiochus was dead,
+and attacked him. There could hardly be any
+choice between the two men. Both were equally
+rapacious; equally unfaithful to their religion and
+their country. But Jason had been out of power
+for two years, and his misdeeds had faded a little
+from the memory of the people; Menelaüs’s enormities
+were still fresh in their recollection. After a
+sharp conflict, the losses of which were utterly out
+of proportion to any gain that could possibly come
+from it, Jason had won the day, and his rival had
+<pb n='69'/><anchor id='Pg069'/>been compelled to take refuge in the Castle.
+Then came the news that the report of the death of
+Antiochus was false. He had settled affairs in
+Egypt after his liking, and was now on his way
+northwards, furious at the trouble which this obstinate
+province was giving him, and resolved, as he
+said, to quiet it for good. Jason had fled in headlong
+haste, and his partisans, and, indeed, most of
+those who had the means to go, had followed his
+example. Meanwhile Jerusalem was awaiting the
+future with fear and trembling.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is an evening in the early summer, and the
+western wall of the city is crowded with men and
+women, who are gazing with awe-stricken faces on
+the strange appearance of the sunset. All day
+people had been talking of the marvellous shapes
+which had appeared the evening before in the
+western sky, and now a great multitude had assembled
+to see whether the marvel would be repeated,
+and, if so, to judge of it for themselves. Nor had
+they assembled in vain. Never, within the memory
+of man, had the heavens worn a stranger, a more
+terrifying look. Above the spot where the sun was
+just sinking to his rest the whole sky glowed with a
+red and angry light. On this background, so to
+speak, the clouds of a lower stratum had shaped
+themselves into the forms of two armies ready to
+engage in battle. The spectators seemed to be able
+to trace in one place the serried ranks of infantry, in
+<pb n='70'/><anchor id='Pg070'/>another the massed array of chariots and horses. A
+space, brilliantly coloured, as it might seem, with
+something like the hue of blood, intervened between
+the two airy hosts. But these seemed to be slowly
+nearing each other, and the gazing people watched
+the lessening space, expecting, one might think, to
+hear the actual clash of arms when they should
+have met. But then the sun set, and with the
+sudden failing of light that marks the evening of
+more southern climes than ours, the whole pageant
+vanished from before the eyes of the spectators.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among the crowd is our old acquaintance Menander,
+or Micah, whom we last met in the library of
+Jason. Things have not gone well with him since
+then. He had cherished a belief that Greek culture,
+the brightness of Greek literature and art, would do
+something to amend the severity, and what he was
+pleased to call the tastelessness of Jewish life. To a
+certain extent it had been an honest belief, though
+the pleasure-loving nature of the man, in its revolt
+against the stern morality of the Law, had had something
+to do with developing it. But his experience
+of Greek culture and its works had not been
+encouraging. If the reforming doctrine had to be
+preached by such prophets as Jason, and Menelaüs,
+and the cruel and profligate young tyrant Antiochus,
+it was more than doubtful whether it would do any
+good. Hitherto, certainly, it had done no good at
+all. The people were more unhappy, more
+spirit<pb n='71'/><anchor id='Pg071'/>less, more like slaves than they had ever been
+before; the rulers were more greedy and selfish,
+more absolutely careless of all that did not concern
+their own interests. Might he not, he began to
+think to himself, have made a mistake? Might not
+the old life, which was at least the life of free men,
+be better than the new?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was busy with such thoughts when he heard a
+woman’s voice behind him whisper <q>Micah.</q> He
+did not recognize it at once, but its tones were
+familiar to him, and they seemed to touch the same
+chord in his heart with which his thoughts were
+then busy. And the name, the old Hebrew name,
+that too was familiar, though it was long since he
+had heard it. He was <q>Menander</q> to his friends;
+for his friends were either Greeks, or else Jews who,
+like himself, had cast off the associations of his
+birth and race.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Micah,</q> said the voice again, and he turned to
+look at the speaker.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She was a woman of some thirty years, plainly,
+almost poorly, dressed, but with all the air of gentle
+birth and breeding. Her face was beautiful, not
+with the brilliant loveliness of youth, but with that
+which is brought into the features by a pure and
+tender soul. There were the lines of many sorrows
+and cares upon her forehead, and round her eyes,
+and in the corners of mouth and cheek; but her
+eyes, save that they seemed almost too large for the
+<pb n='72'/><anchor id='Pg072'/>thinner contours of the face, were as beautiful as they
+had been in the first glory of her youth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was Hannah, his elder sister, who had been as
+a mother to him in his orphaned childhood, that
+Menander recognized. Years had passed since they
+met. There had been no quarrel, but circumstances
+had made a barrier between them. What Menander’s
+life had been we know, and Hannah was the
+wife of a faithful and devout Jew, Azariah by name,
+who, though still cherishing kindly thoughts for his
+young kinsman, had felt that, for the present at
+least, they were best apart.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Brother and sister eagerly clasped hands, and
+Menander, or Micah, as we will call him, felt a lump
+rise in his own throat as he saw the tearful smile in
+Hannah’s lustrous eyes.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Micah,</q> she said—<q>for you will not mind my
+calling you Micah, though I hear you use another
+name; but you were always Micah to me—this is a
+strange sight on which we have been looking.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, sister,</q> he answered, with a gaiety of tone
+which was more than half assumed—<q>yes, sister,
+strange enough; but then we know that the clouds
+do take strange shapes at times. A current of air
+blows them this way or that, and, with our fancy to
+help, they become anything in heaven or earth that
+we may fancy.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, Micah, there is more than fancy here.
+You and I used to watch the clouds from the
+<pb n='73'/><anchor id='Pg073'/>window in the old house, and to laugh at the odd
+shapes which we found in them—lions, and dogs,
+and whales, and such things—but we never saw such
+a sight as this.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But we had not in those days such thoughts of
+our own to read into the sights of the skies. But
+tell me, Hannah, what do you think it means?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What can it mean,</q> she answered, in a low
+voice, <q>but wrath—wrath upon us and upon our
+children?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Wrath, perhaps,</q> he cried; <q>and the sky has,
+I must confess, an angry look. But why must it be
+upon us? Why not rather upon our enemies? I
+see nothing in the skies which tells us whether these
+sights be meant for us or for them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, my brother, speak not thus, for you know
+better in your heart. The heavens give us these
+signs, or rather God gives them to us through the
+heavens, but He leaves it to our own hearts to interpret
+them. They tell us surely enough on whom
+this wrath must fall.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But, sister, tell me why on us? Are we worse
+than our neighbours—than these robbers of Edomites
+and Ammonites, these sullen Romans, never satisfied
+except when they are fighting—these mongrel
+Syrians?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>They are heathen,</q> said Hannah, in a solemn
+voice, <q>and they do not sin against light. Let us
+leave them to the judgment of God. But ourselves
+<pb n='74'/><anchor id='Pg074'/>we can judge. Look at this city; we call it the City
+of David—but where is the spirit of David? Have
+we not trampled the Law underfoot, making to ourselves
+graven images of things in heaven and earth
+and the water under the earth? Where is the
+honour of the Sabbath? Where is the morning and
+evening sacrifice? Where are the yearly feasts?
+Will our God deliver us again, when we will not
+thank Him for the deliverances that He hath wrought
+already? Oh, Micah, I do not seek to anger you;
+but are you such as our father, now in Abraham’s
+bosom, would rejoice to see you? And tell me, how
+was it that we Hebrews became a great people? A
+Syrian ready to perish was our father, and lo! before
+a thousand years were past, Solomon reigned from
+the great river to the Western sea. How came we by
+this might? Was it by aping Egyptian or Greek?
+Did we not keep to our own way, and walk after our
+own law, and worship our own God? Then it
+was well with us, and the nations round about feared
+us and honoured us; but now they laugh us to
+scorn, for we are ashamed of our own selves, and
+seek to be what they are, and cannot attain to it,
+and so fall short both of their greatness and of
+ours.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah stood dumb before this fierce torrent of
+words. Was this the gentle Hannah of his youth?
+There must be some mighty influence that could
+change the lamb into the lioness.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='75'/><anchor id='Pg075'/>
+
+<p>
+She went on, in a gentler voice, <q>You are not
+angry with me, brother?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Surely not.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I must go, for my husband will be waiting for
+the evening meal. Come, children,</q> she went on,
+speaking to two little girls who had been clinging
+to their mother’s cloak, gazing open-eyed and half-terrified
+at this strange kinsman.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And are these my nieces?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes; Miriam and Judith,</q> answered Hannah,
+pointing first to one and then to the other. <q>This,
+children, is your dear uncle, Micah.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The young man stooped and kissed the children.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You will not let it be so long before we see you
+again?</q> said Hannah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His answer was to wring her hand, and turn
+away. Her words had pricked him to the heart,
+and he did not know whether to thank her or be
+angry.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+We must now turn to another group which had
+also been drawn to the walls by the report of the
+marvellous sights that were to be seen in the heavens.
+A group it was that would have attracted attention
+anywhere, so remarkable were the contrasts and the
+resemblances which it presented.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The principal figure was an old man dressed in the
+everyday garb of a priest. The burden of years
+had bowed his stately figure, for he had long since
+passed the limit which the Psalmist assigns to the
+<pb n='76'/><anchor id='Pg076'/>life of man, but his eye was as brilliant as ever, and
+his voice, when he spoke, had lost none of its depth
+and fulness of tone. His three companions were
+men in the vigour of life. All surpassed the common
+stature, but yet none of them equalled the height of
+their father, for that they were father and sons the
+most casual observer must have seen. In age there
+was little difference between them. The eldest may
+have numbered about forty years, the youngest, perhaps,
+four less. Their dress was mainly that of
+the middle-class Jew, and so different from the old
+man’s priestly garb, but not without some distinctive
+marks that indicated the fact that they belonged to
+the House of Aaron. The multitude of priests was
+indeed so great that but a very small share in the
+services of the Temple, even when these were fully
+carried out, fell to the lot of any one man. These
+services had now been reduced to a minimum, and
+numbers of the priestly houses, while not repudiating
+their hereditary office, practically devoted themselves
+to the ordinary avocations of life. This had been
+done by the three sons of Mattathias of Modin, for
+such was the name and such the ancestral city of
+the aged priest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Judas,</q> said the old man, addressing one of his
+sons, <q>these signs in the heavens are of a surety
+from the Lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The son addressed was the youngest of the three;
+but it was evident from the bearing of his brothers,
+<pb n='77'/><anchor id='Pg077'/>and from the air of respect and attention with which
+they waited for him to speak, that they were accustomed
+to see him the first recipient of their father’s
+confidence. And indeed it was not difficult to see,
+under a superficial resemblance of figure and face,
+something that distinguished him from his companions.
+John, the eldest, was a plain, blunt soldier,
+raised above the average level of his profession, by
+the purity of his life and the depth of his religious
+convictions, but still essentially a soldier, one who
+saw no way of solving complicated questions save by
+a downright blow of the sword. Simon, the second
+in point of age, had a singularly mild and benevolent
+expression, though his eyes were full of intelligence
+and the lines of his mouth and chin seemed to show
+that he could be firm on occasion. But Judas had
+all the outward characteristics of a hero. A sturdier
+soldier never wielded sword, but he saw that there
+are difficulties to which the sword alone can bring no
+solution. Nor was he slow to follow all the subtleties
+of diplomacy; but, at the same time, he never lost
+his grasp of the principles which all the skill of the
+diplomatist is unable to change.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Father,</q> he now said, <q>that these signs are
+from the Lord I do not doubt. But what is your
+counsel?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Speak you first, my son,</q> replied the old man;
+<q>’tis ever best so. You might be unwilling to differ
+from me and yet be in the right. This at least my
+<pb n='78'/><anchor id='Pg078'/>years have taught me—that it is easy for any man
+to err.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Let us stay,</q> said Judas. <q>’Tis true the air is
+stifling, such as a free man can scarcely bear to
+breathe. But there are many, father, that look to
+you for counsel and guidance, and we may scarcely
+leave them, at least till the call sounds more plainly
+in our ears.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> cried John, the soldier, <q>I am not, as you
+know, one that would readily give his vote for flight.
+But here we are, methinks, as rats in a hole. May
+we not lawfully, and with good faith to God and our
+brethren, seek some place where we may at least
+have space to draw our swords and strike a blow?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you, Simon, what say you?</q> asked the old
+man, turning to his second son.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>God knows that I would give much to be back
+at home. But our brethren need us here, and we
+may give them some comfort. Let us stay.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Judas and Simon,</q> said the old man, after a
+pause, <q>you have spoken well, and I give my voice
+with yours. As yet our duty seems to keep us here.
+When it shall call us hence, we will follow it. And
+you, John, think not that you will long want for an
+occasion to strike with the sword. It shall come;
+but you will be readier for it if you make no haste
+to meet it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+With this the little party turned away from the
+wall, and made their way to their lodging in the city.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="6" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='79'/><anchor id='Pg079'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="VI. The Evil Days"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="VI. The Evil Days"/>
+<head>CHAPTER VI.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE EVIL DAYS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+It was not long before the portent which the terrified
+crowd had watched from the walls of Jerusalem
+found, or at least began to find, its fulfilment, for,
+indeed, many days were to pass before the wretched
+people had drained the cup of suffering to the dregs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+First there was the actual arrival of the army,
+the rumour of whose approach had struck such
+terror into Jason. At its head came Antiochus in
+person, fresh from his successful campaigns in Egypt
+and in his train followed the renegade Menelaüs
+with a crowd of unscrupulous and profligate adventurers.
+There was no attempt at resistance. The
+gates were thrown open by the King’s adherents in
+the city. But if the citizens had hoped to soften the
+tyrant’s heart by their submissive attitude they were
+miserably disappointed. For days the streets of the
+city ran red with blood. The prominent members
+of the patriotic party were the first to perish. Then
+<pb n='80'/><anchor id='Pg080'/>came all the private enemies of the returning
+renegades; and then a far greater multitude who
+were singled out for destruction by the possession
+of anything that excited the cupidity of the conquerors.
+Lastly, as ever happens at such times,
+the massacre that is suggested by hatred or greed
+was followed by the massacre that is the result of
+the merest wantonness. But there were victims
+more unhappy than those who thus perished by
+the sword of the heathen. The money found on the
+persons and in the houses of the victims did not
+satisfy the cupidity of their murderers. There were
+thousands who had indeed nothing of their own to
+lose, but who were in themselves a valuable property.
+These were sent off in droves to be sold, till the
+slave-markets of the Eastern Mediterranean were
+glutted with the Jewish youth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Still worse in the eyes of all pious Jews than the
+massacre or the captivity was the profanation of the
+Temple. The innermost shrine, the Holy of Holies,
+which the high priest himself was permitted by the
+Law to enter but once only in the year, was thrown
+open to the unhallowed gaze of a debauched heathen.
+With a horror that passes description the people
+saw the renegade Menelaüs, bound to be the
+guardian of the sanctity of the place, actually drawing
+aside the veil with his own hand, and conducting
+the King into the awful enclosure. They saw the
+most sacred treasures, gifts of the piety of many
+<pb n='81'/><anchor id='Pg081'/>generations, treasures to which the revenue of the
+Persian kings, and even of the victorious Alexander
+himself had contributed, become the spoil of the
+sacrilegious intruders. The golden altar of incense
+and the table of the shew-bread were taken by the
+King, while the seven-branched candlestick of gold
+fell, as was commonly believed, to the high priest
+himself. They saw it, and it almost overturned
+their faith that no visible sign of the Divine wrath
+followed an impiety so terrible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So Antiochus came and went, leaving behind him
+as his deputy, Philip, the Phrygian, <q>in manners
+more barbarous than he who set him there.</q> The
+time that followed was one of grievous depression
+and sadness. Life went on, as it will even amidst
+the gloomiest circumstances, but all the joy and
+brightness were crushed out of it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah’s sister, the Hannah whom we have seen
+talking to him on the wall, gave birth to a son
+shortly after the departure of Antiochus. No feast
+was held on occasion of the rite that made the little
+one a member of the family of Abraham. When the
+forty days of purification were past, the mother was
+not taken to present her offspring in the Temple.
+The Temple, the haunt of pagans and apostates,
+was no place for faithful sons and daughters of
+Abraham. A visit to its courts could hardly be
+the seal of purification when it needed purifying
+so sorely itself.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='82'/><anchor id='Pg082'/>
+
+<p>
+An occasion that should by right have been
+still more joyful was allowed to pass with the
+absence of festivity. A younger sister of Hannah,
+Ruth by name, had long before been promised to
+Seraiah, a friend and relative of her husband.
+Time after time the marriage had been postponed,
+under the pressure of evil times; and when at
+last it was performed, not even then without sore
+misgivings and anticipations of evil among all the
+elders of the family, the celebration was of the
+quietest kind. Not a guest beyond the few friends
+who attended on the bridegroom was invited; and
+it was in dead silence, not with the usual shouts of
+merriment and gay procession of torches, that the
+bride was taken to her husband’s home.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And yet, as we shall see, even for these evils
+there was a compensating good.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah, though he had affected to make light of
+the foreboding of evil which he had heard from his
+sister, had really been impressed by it—so much impressed,
+indeed, that he had left the city for a little
+country house at the northern end of the Lake of
+Galilee, that belonged to him. He had invited his
+relatives to accompany him, but they had declined.
+Their place, they said, was at home, among their
+poorer brethren, where they might do something
+to help and strengthen. All that Micah could do
+was to commend them to the protection of the
+Greek party in the city, with whom, in spite of his
+<pb n='83'/><anchor id='Pg083'/>fast increasing disgust at their proceedings, he had
+not yet broken.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He had now returned, and he lost no time in
+finding his way to his sister’s house. The ravages
+made by fire and sword were only too plainly visible
+as he walked along. Houses that he had known
+from his childhood, in which he had often been a
+guest, were now but blackened walls; others were
+shapeless ruins. Again and again he saw on fragments
+of stone and plaster hideous blotches which
+he knew to be of blood; and as he saw these things
+he cursed aloud the hands which had wrought these
+horrors, not without the bitterest self-reproach that
+his own hand might have grasped them in friendship.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was a great relief to find that his sister’s house
+had been spared any outrage. But when he demanded
+admittance in the usual way, by kicking
+the door, it became evident that there had been a
+reign of terror, and that the inmates of the dwelling
+were not sure that it was yet over. The door
+was not thrown open in the usual free fashion of
+Jewish hospitality, but he became aware by a slight
+movement of one of the closed lattices that he was
+being inspected from above. The inspection was
+apparently satisfactory, for in another minute there
+was a sound of undrawing bolts and unfastening
+chains, and the inhospitable door was at last open.
+Hannah, sadly aged in look her brother thought,
+met him in the hall, and greeted him with a silent
+<pb n='84'/><anchor id='Pg084'/>embrace. After a pause, in which she seemed to be
+struggling with her tears, she said—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Welcome, dear Micah; while you and my husband
+and my children are left to me I feel that
+I cannot be unhappy. And perhaps you,</q> she
+added, with a wistful look in his face, <q>will draw
+nearer to us now. But come and see my dear ones.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She led the way to a room at the back of the
+house, looking out into a little garden shaded by a
+wide-branching fig-tree. Hannah noiselessly drew
+aside the curtain that served for a door, and the two
+stood by common consent and watched the scene that
+met their eyes. Azariah, the father of the family,
+was sitting with his back turned to them, holding on
+his knees a copy of the Law. On two stools at his
+feet sat his daughters, each holding in one hand a
+tablet covered with wax, and in the other a <foreign rend='italic' lang="la">stylus</foreign> or
+sharp-pointed iron pen. He was slowly dictating
+to them the words, <q>Hear, O Israel, the Lord thy
+God is one Lord,</q> and the little creatures were
+laboriously forming, not without many pauses for
+thought, the scarcely familiar letters.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Now read it, my children,</q> said Azariah, when
+the task was finished; and one after another the
+sweet, childish voices repeated the well-known
+words. Micah, as he listened, felt himself strangely
+touched. Presently he heard his sister murmur
+to herself, <q>In Thy Law will I meditate day and
+night,</q> and glancing at her face saw it illumined
+<pb n='85'/><anchor id='Pg085'/>with a joy which he could scarcely have believed
+those wasted features capable of expressing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>’Tis well, Miriam; ’tis well, Judith,</q> said
+Azariah to the little girls, and putting his hands
+upon their heads, as they stood before him, for they
+had risen to repeat the holy words, he repeated,
+<q>The God of Abraham and Sarah bless you.</q> And
+then, for they were mere children after all, and not
+above childish rewards, gave each a ripe fig from
+a basket which stood on a table by his side.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The lesson being over, Hannah advanced, and her
+brother followed. Azariah turned and greeted the
+new comer not unkindly, but with a certain reserve,
+for he could not forget that his visitor was a
+Menander as well as a Micah, and that he had been
+the friend of the traitorous Jason, and the yet more
+traitorous Menelaüs. The children, after their first
+feeling of alarm, for a strange face was seldom seen
+in that home, and when Miriam, the elder, had recognized
+her uncle, showed no reserve in their welcome.
+They clung about his neck, and kissed him. They
+insisted on his coming to see their pets—Miriam’s
+turtle-doves, and Judith’s dormice, and the little
+gazelle fawn which they owned in common. <q>They
+have not heard a word against me,</q> thought Micah
+to himself; and this affectionate loyalty touched him
+to the heart. From his sister he might, perhaps,
+have expected it, but that the stern Azariah, a
+narrow-minded bigot, without a kindly thought for
+<pb n='86'/><anchor id='Pg086'/>any that did not walk in his way, as he had been
+accustomed to think of him—that Azariah himself
+should have dealt with him so mercifully, was a
+surprise as it was also a reproach.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He stopped with them for the rest of the day, and
+after the evening meal, when the little ones had
+gone to bed, after making their uncle promise that
+he would soon come and see them again, the three
+had much serious talk together.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah had, of course, the family history to hear,
+for, stranger as he had been to them for some years
+past, he knew scarcely anything about it. He learnt
+now for the first time that a little boy had been
+born who, had he lived, would have been about two
+years younger than Judith. The mother had much
+to say about his beauty and goodness, and his rare
+promise of intelligence. Micah was touched all the
+more because he could not forgive himself for the
+alienation which had prevented him from saying
+a word of comfort to his sister in the hour of her
+bereavement. <q>It was, indeed, a terrible loss,</q> and
+he rose from his seat and kissed her. He felt that
+this little proof of his love would be better than
+many words.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> she said, with a cheerfulness that almost
+startled him—<q>nay; you must not say that we have
+lost our dear little Joshua. I know that I have a
+son still, though he is not here. I confess that it
+was very hard to part with him. But he is quite
+<pb n='87'/><anchor id='Pg087'/>safe in Abraham’s bosom, safer and better off,</q> she
+added, with a sad smile, <q>than he would be here;
+and some day I shall see him, and show him to
+you, dear Micah, and we shall be happy together.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After this the little party had much talk about the
+state of things in the present, and the prospects of
+the future. Again Micah was astonished to see the
+cheerfulness and courage which his sister and her
+husband kept up in the midst of circumstances
+which must have been most disheartening.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah!</q> said Azariah, when the conversation turned
+upon the desolation of the Temple, and the loss of all
+the ceremonial of worship, the daily sacrifice, and
+the great festivals of the year—<q>Ah! there are
+consolations even here. Perhaps we thought too
+much of these things in the old time. We were
+taken up with the outside, with the show and the
+splendour, the vessels of gold, and the clouds of
+incense smoke as they curled about the pillars and
+the roof, and we forgot what they meant. But now
+that the outside things are taken from us, we can
+give our hearts to that which is within. We have
+our gatherings still, though the Temple doors are
+shut. Every Sabbath-day we meet, and the Law
+and the Prophets are read in our ears—aye, and
+there are those who can expound them, and speak
+words that comfort and strengthen us. I, myself,
+have felt the Spirit move me once or twice to exhort
+and cheer the brethren. No, brother! believe me,
+<pb n='88'/><anchor id='Pg088'/>it is not wholly loss that we cannot assemble any
+more in our beautiful house. Our fathers learnt
+much when they sat mourning by the waters of
+Babylon, and we also are learning much in this
+our second captivity.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This sounded strange to the young man, who,
+indeed, had dulled his understanding of spiritual
+things by his follies and excesses. Still he could not
+help feeling deeply impressed by the evident earnestness
+of the speaker. But he felt that he could say
+nothing. A trifler and unbeliever like himself could
+only remain silent in the presence of thoughts and
+feelings so much higher than anything to which he
+could reach.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a short pause Azariah went on—<q>The
+Lord has not seen fit to renew among us the spirit
+of prophecy, and we know not certainly of the
+things that are coming upon the earth. Yet a man,
+though he be no prophet, may read the signs of the
+times. Believe me, there are days to come more full
+of evil and darkness even than those that we have
+seen. My heart sometimes fails me when I think of
+this dear woman,</q> and as he spoke he laid his hand
+upon his wife’s shoulder, <q>and of the little ones
+whom God has given us. It will be a hard time
+for men to battle through—but for women and
+children——.</q> And his voice faltered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hannah turned to him with her brave, cheerful
+smile—<q><q>As thy days, so shall thy strength be.</q> The
+<pb n='89'/><anchor id='Pg089'/>great prophet said it, did he not, to all his people—to
+the weak ones as well as to the strong?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shortly after Micah took his leave. As he walked
+through the deserted streets he thought much of the
+words which he had heard that night, and still more
+of the cheerfulness and courage, ten times more
+eloquent than all words, which he had witnessed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is all this a delusion?</q> he asked himself. <q>Six
+months ago, perhaps even six hours ago, I should
+have had little doubt in saying so. But now—well,
+if it is a delusion, it is strangely like a reality. Anyhow
+its effects are real enough. Dear Hannah!
+always the best and kindest of sisters, but a timid
+creature, whom I used to amuse myself by frightening.
+But now—she is as bold as a lioness. Well,
+I can only hope that the truths which I have been
+learning, if they are truths, will stand me in as good
+stead when the need comes.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="7" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='90'/><anchor id='Pg090'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="VII. The Darkness Thickens"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="VII. The Darkness Thickens"/>
+<head>CHAPTER VII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE DARKNESS THICKENS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Azariah had read the signs of the times aright.
+The darker days had come, days so full of trouble
+that the unhappy people looked back to the past
+that had seemed so sad and gloomy as to a time
+of rest. Things had not been going well with King
+Antiochus, for the Romans had driven him out of
+Egypt, and in his rage and fear he turned against
+his Jewish subjects with greater ferocity than ever.
+One of his motives was the brutal desire to wreak
+upon the feeble the vengeance which he could not
+exact from the strong; the other was a genuine
+fear lest he should lose another province as he had
+already lost Egypt. He saw that the policy of Rome
+was to stir up against him the national spirit of subject
+peoples, and he knew well enough that in the
+Jews, crushed though they had been by oppression
+and massacre, this national spirit was not by any
+means dead. Accordingly he set himself with relentless
+ferocity to extinguish it. Everything distinctive
+<pb n='91'/><anchor id='Pg091'/>of the people was to be rooted out; that done they
+might become really submissive; there would be
+no more a land of the Jews, but simply a province
+of Southern Syria.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The first thing, he conceived, would be to strike
+such terror into the hearts of the people that there
+should be no thought among them of resistance.
+For such a purpose nothing could be more effective
+than another massacre such as that which had
+already been perpetrated two years before under his
+own eyes: only this, he determined, should be
+more complete. He perceived with a devilish ingenuity
+that his orders would be more relentlessly
+carried out if he entrusted their execution to some
+one else, than if he were personally present. Appeals
+might be made to him to which he might yield out
+of sheer weariness, whereas a lieutenant, if he were
+only hard-hearted enough, would simply fall back
+upon the orders which he had received, and refuse
+all responsibility save that of seeing that these were
+fully carried out.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Such a lieutenant he knew that he possessed in
+the person of a certain Apollonius, a Cretan mercenary,
+who had already given proofs enough that
+he was about as little troubled as any man could
+be with a conscience or with feelings of compassion.
+To Apollonius, accordingly, the commission was
+entrusted, and he proceeded to execute it in a
+particularly brutal and treacherous way.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='92'/><anchor id='Pg092'/>
+
+<p>
+He marched to Jerusalem, taking with him a
+picked force of some five thousand men—picked, it
+may be said, quite as much for their unscrupulous
+and ferocious character, as for their strength and
+skill in arms. There would have been, in any case,
+little chance of resistance, but, to make his task
+the easier of accomplishment, he had so timed his
+coming that he approached the city two or three
+hours before the end of the Sabbath. Secret orders
+had been sent to Philip, the Phrygian, that he was
+to relax the severity of his rule; and the people
+had begun to breathe again after a long period of
+repression. The Temple was still shut, or virtually
+shut, but the synagogues were open, and were indeed
+frequented by throngs of fervent worshippers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It wanted a couple of hours to sunset when the
+news ran through the city that an armed force was
+approaching the walls. The first feeling aroused
+by the tidings was naturally one of alarm. The
+appearance of the soldiers, however, was such as to
+disarm all apprehensions. In the first place they
+were more like a crowd of men who happened to be
+carrying arms than an army. They were not marching
+in ranks, or indeed keeping any kind of order.
+A multitude of country-folk could be seen mingled
+among them, soldiers and civilians walking side by
+side in the most friendly and unconstrained fashion.
+Some of the new comers recognized old acquaintances
+among the townsfolk, and introduced their
+<pb n='93'/><anchor id='Pg093'/>comrades to them; and though some of the sterner
+sort stood rigidly aloof, there were quite enough
+among the inhabitants of Jerusalem to give the
+visitors a general welcome. Apollonius himself,
+a conspicuous figure as he rode on his white
+charger up and down the streets of the city, was
+noticeably busy in renewing old acquaintanceships
+and making new ones.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And then in a moment the whole scene was
+changed. A soldier and a citizen were standing on
+the wall, talking and laughing together, and that
+in a place where they could be seen by all observers.
+Suddenly, without there having been even the
+slightest sign of a quarrel, the soldier was seen to
+plunge his sword into the side of his companion.
+It was a preconcerted signal. The wretched inhabitants,
+who would have been defenceless in any
+case, were taken absolutely off their guard, and had
+but slender chances of escape. How many hundreds,
+possibly thousands, perished cannot be guessed. But
+the massacre was more general, more pitiless than
+that which had devastated the city two years before.
+Apollonius’s <q>picked</q> men showed themselves altogether
+worthy of his choice, so brutal and bloodthirsty
+were they. And Apollonius himself was to
+be seen everywhere urging his men to make short
+work with these <q>pestilent Jews,</q> as he called them,
+and not unfrequently striking a blow himself. He
+earned on that day such hatred that thereafter
+<pb n='94'/><anchor id='Pg094'/>there was not to be found a Jew, save among the
+vilest renegades and traitors, but uttered a curse
+when his name was mentioned.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Of course the soldiers had to be paid for their
+bloody day’s work, and they were paid by the
+plunder of the city. The houses were stripped, and
+the plunderers, when they had carried away everything
+that had roused their cupidity, often, out of
+sheer wantonness, completed the work of devastation,
+by setting fire to the desolated houses. Altogether
+Jerusalem presented such a spectacle as had not
+been seen since the days of the Babylonian conquest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The spirit of the people having been, as it would
+seem, thus effectually broken for the present, it
+remained to provide against its possible revival in
+the future.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Long gaps were made in the line of wall, so long
+that it took not a few days to make them, and
+would certainly require as many weeks to repair.
+The town thus made defenceless was further overawed
+by the erection of a fort in the City of David,
+this fort being held by a strong garrison of Greeks
+and Asiatic mercenaries.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The means of repression thus provided, the next
+thing was to extinguish all that was characteristic
+of the national life. First, the great centre of
+that life, the Temple, was formally desecrated.
+Already it had been subjected to such indignities
+that the pious Jew could scarcely bear to enter
+<pb n='95'/><anchor id='Pg095'/>its precincts. But the final horror, the <q>abomination
+of desolation,</q> was yet to come. On the
+15th of the month Chisleu (December) an altar
+of a Greek pattern, and consecrated to the Olympian
+Zeus, was placed on the great altar of sacrifice,
+and ten days afterwards a huge sow was
+slaughtered on this. Her blood, caught after the
+Greek fashion in a bowl, was sprinkled on the altar
+of incense and on the mercy-seat within the Holy
+of Holies—a hideous mockery of the sprinkling
+which the Law enjoined to be performed once in
+every year. From the animal’s flesh a mess of
+broth was prepared, and this was sprinkled on the
+copies of the Law. The Temple, thus dishonoured,
+was as if it had ceased to be.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The meeting-houses, in which, as we have seen,
+the people had found a substitute for the Temple
+worship, were summarily closed. An edict was
+issued commanding that every one who possessed
+a copy of the Law, or of any one of the sacred
+books, should give it up without loss of time. To
+call in cupidity to the aid of fear in enforcing this
+edict, the King’s officers were instructed to pay a
+reasonable price for the manuscripts thus produced.
+It was made a capital offence to read or to recite
+any part of the proscribed writings. Then the
+practice of circumcision was forbidden. Death was
+to be the penalty for all who should take any part
+in performing this rite—for the circumciser, the
+mother, the father, even the babe itself.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='96'/><anchor id='Pg096'/>
+
+<p>
+And then to the policy of repression Antiochus
+added the policy of bribery and temptation. Their
+own worship forbidden, the Jews were to be allured
+by the seductions of the worship of their masters.
+Hitherto little had been done in this way. Insults
+indeed, had been heaped upon the people; but little
+attempt had been made to attract them. The
+Temple gates, closed for more than a year, were
+again thrown open; and the courts, long silent, resounded
+with the mirth of sacrificial banquets and
+the gaiety of festivals. Not only all the splendours,
+but all the impure pleasures of heathen
+worship were called in to assist the attempt
+that was being made to sap what was left of the
+faith of the people.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Antiochus, who, for all his wrath at Jewish
+obstinacy, could not help feeling a certain respect
+for it, took the trouble to send among the people a
+missionary, if he may be so called, who was to
+instruct them in the new religion which their King
+was so anxious to impose upon them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Theopompus, or Athenæus, to use the name which
+was commonly given him from his birthplace, was a
+follower of the philosophy of Epicurus. He had
+held a subordinate post, as lecturer in geometry, in
+the famous school of the Garden, but had found his
+modest income insufficient to meet his somewhat
+expensive tastes. If he had had but a tolerable
+competence, Athenæus would have made an ideal
+<pb n='97'/><anchor id='Pg097'/>Epicurean. He was devoted to pleasure, but there
+was nothing unseemly or extravagant about his
+devotion. For the foolish people who ruined their
+constitutions and emptied their purses by exhausting
+excesses he had a genuine contempt. <q>Give me,</q>
+he would say, <q>a decent sufficiency of <q>outside
+things,</q> and I am content.</q> As he had a fair
+smattering of culture, and a real acquaintance with
+geometry, and had a venerable appearance which
+happily hit the mean between hilarity and austerity,
+he might have been, but for a chronic want of money,
+a real success among the somewhat <foreign rend='italic'>dilettante</foreign>
+philosophers of Athens. But circumstances were
+against him. Poverty did not ill become an
+Academic, and positively set off a Stoic; but an
+Epicurean seemed to have missed his vocation if he
+could not be always handsomely dressed and able
+to give elegant entertainments to his friends.
+Athenæus, who liked above all things to be on good
+terms both with himself and with every one else,
+felt this very acutely, and he was proportionately
+delighted when the Syrian King proposed to him that
+he should go as a teacher, not without a handsome
+salary, of Greek religion and Greek culture.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His success was not encouraging. In the first
+place he had a difficulty in making himself understood.
+The pure Attic Greek on which he prided
+himself was strange to the ears of his new audience,
+and he could not bring himself to descend to the
+<pb n='98'/><anchor id='Pg098'/>barbarous dialect to which they were accustomed.
+And when he was seriously called to account in the
+matter of his belief he found himself involved in
+difficulties from which he saw no way of escape. At
+Athens religion was politely ignored. The common
+people must, of course, have their gods and goddesses;
+and the wise man, if he were prudent, would
+say nothing—anyhow in public—to disturb their
+belief; but within the privileged walls of the schools
+the names of Zeus and Athené and Apollo were never
+so much as mentioned, except, perhaps, in the course
+of some antiquarian discussion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among his new disciples, as he would fain have
+reckoned them, Athenæus found a very different
+temper. They were terribly in earnest; abstractions
+and phrases did not satisfy them; they pushed their
+questions home in a very perplexing way.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One day at the conclusion of a lecture, the customary
+invitation to the audience to put any questions
+that might occur to them was accepted by a
+young man who sat on one of the front benches.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I would ask you, venerable sir,</q> he said, <q>some
+questions about the gods of your religion.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Speak on,</q> replied Athenæus, with his usual
+courtesy; <q>I shall be delighted to satisfy you to the
+best of my power.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Are we to believe the stories that are told us in this
+book?</q> and he held up, as he spoke, a little volume
+of popular mythology, filled from beginning to end
+<pb n='99'/><anchor id='Pg099'/>with tales that, to say the least, were not edifying.
+<q>For, if these be true, these divine beings were such
+as would be banished from the society of all honest
+men and women. They are thieves, adulterers,
+murderers. It would be a thousand times better to
+have no gods at all than such as these.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are right, sir,</q> said the lecturer; <q>these
+stories are for the ignorant only, at least in their outward
+meaning, though they have an inner meaning
+also, which I will take some fitting occasion to
+expound. But not such are the gods whom we
+worship.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Will you tell us something of them?</q> continued
+the questioner.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Willingly, for they are such that the wisest of
+men need not be ashamed of them. They dwell in
+some remote region, serene and happy. Wrath they
+feel not, nor sorrow, nor any of the passions that
+disturb the souls of men.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And do they care for our doings upon earth?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How so? They neither love nor hate; and both
+they must do, I take it, did they concern themselves
+with human affairs.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What profit, then, is there in them? How are
+men the better for their being?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That I know not; only that it is part of the
+order of things that they must be.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Far be it from me,</q> exclaimed the young Jew,
+<q>to exchange for such idle existences the God of my
+<pb n='100'/><anchor id='Pg100'/>fathers! He may smite us in His anger till we are
+well-nigh consumed, but at least He cares for us.
+He led our fathers through the sea and through the
+wilderness in the days of old. He has spoken to us
+by the prophets, and He has made His Presence to
+be seen in His Temple; and though He has hidden
+His face from us for a time, yet He will repent
+Him of His wrath, and devise the means by which
+He shall recall His banished unto Him. No, we
+will not change our God for yours!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A loud murmur of assent went round the benches
+when the speaker sat down, and Athenæus felt that
+he had made but small way with his audience.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Finding his theology and philosophy but ill received,
+Athenæus bethought him of what seemed a
+more hopeful method of proselytizing. Could not
+a specially powerful attraction be found in the festival
+of Dionysus, the wine-god? Vintage feasts, he
+reflected, are common to every country where wine
+is produced, and it would not be difficult to ingraft
+the Greek characteristics on a celebration to which
+the Jews were already accustomed. Some of the less
+scrupulous might be tempted to take part in such
+a festival, a beginning would be made, and more
+would follow in due time. How the scheme prospered
+will be told in the next chapter.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="8" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='101'/><anchor id='Pg101'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="VIII. Shallum the Wine-Seller"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="VIII. Shallum the Wine-Seller"/>
+<head>CHAPTER VIII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">SHALLUM THE WINE-SELLER.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+<q>Things are growing worse and worse; only three
+customers yesterday, and not a single one to-day,
+though it must be at least an hour past noon. One
+would think that all the world had become Nazarites.
+Then, though there is next to nothing coming in,
+there is no stop to the going out. First comes the
+rascally tax-gatherer, and squeezes one as dry as a
+grape-skin in a press. And if, by chance, there
+happens to be a drop left, some snuffling priest is
+sure to turn up, and talk about one’s duty as a
+patriot and a Jew till he drags the last shekel out
+of one.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The speaker was one Shallum, a Benjamite, who
+kept a little wine-shop in the Lower City. When he
+had finished his grumble, he thrust his hand into an
+empty wine-jar, drew from it a little leathern bag,
+untied the string which was round the neck, poured
+out the scanty contents on the counter and counted
+them. He knew the amount perfectly well, for he
+<pb n='102'/><anchor id='Pg102'/>had gone through the counting process at least
+ten times before that day. But when a man is
+desperately anxious to make two ends meet, he
+will measure them again and again, though he may
+know exactly by how much they are too short.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Twelve shekels and ten annas! And old Nahum
+will be here to-morrow, asking for his thirty
+shekels!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nahum was a Lebanon wine-grower, whose long-suffering
+had been already tried to the utmost by the
+delays of the impecunious Shallum.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At this moment his meditations were interrupted
+by the entrance of two visitors, who had been
+standing, listening and watching outside the door.
+They were traders in a small way, who had migrated
+from Joppa when they heard that Greek wares were
+becoming the fashion in Jerusalem.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ho! Shallum,</q> cried one of them, <q>two cups of
+your best Lebanon; and make haste, for we have
+important business on hand.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Shall I draw some water fresh from the well?
+This is a little too warm to be used.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Water!</q> said the man. <q>Jew, don’t blaspheme.
+Mix water with our wine to-day, of all days in the
+year!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And why not to-day?</q> said Shallum.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Because it is the feast of Dionysus, the wine-giver;
+and it would be the grossest impiety to
+profane his bounty with any mixture of meaner
+<pb n='103'/><anchor id='Pg103'/>things. Commonly his godship winks at human
+weakness; but to-day it is different. May he
+confound me if I do him such dishonour!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He will certainly confound you if you drink this
+heady wine undiluted,</q> muttered Shallum to himself,
+as he set the two cups before his guests.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Excellent! excellent!</q> cried Lycon, the elder
+of the two Greeks, as he set down his goblet, half
+empty. <q>But why the god vouchsafes such capital
+drink to these unbelieving dogs of Jews puzzles me
+beyond expression.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His companion broke out into a drinking-song:
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">Fill the cup with ample measure,</q></l>
+<l rend='margin-left: 2'>Dionysus’ gift divine;</l>
+<l>Earth and sea hold no such treasure</l>
+<l rend='margin-left: 2'>As the gleaming, sparkling wine.</l>
+</lg>
+
+<lg>
+<l>All for youth are love’s caressings,</l>
+<l rend='margin-left: 2'>Gold and gems for princes shine;</l>
+<l>All may share the wine-god’s blessings,</l>
+<l rend='margin-left: 2'><q rend="pre: none">Rich and poor are glad with wine.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+Shallum was fairly tolerant, as indeed a tavern-keeper
+can hardly fail to be, of the ways and manners
+of his customers; but to hear this praise of a false
+god, one of the odious demons that were worshipped
+by the heathen, was too much for his patience. He
+muttered a curse under his breath, and emphasized
+this expression of disgust by spitting on the floor.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Don’t talk to me of your gods and goddesses!</q>
+cried Shallum, goaded beyond all endurance, <q>a
+<pb n='104'/><anchor id='Pg104'/>lewd, drunken crew that no respectable person
+would have anything to do with!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, my friend,</q> said the Greek, <q>this is not
+the sort of talk which one expects to hear from a
+loyal subject of the pious Antiochus. We Greeks
+are not such bigots as you are, cursing every man,
+woman, or child that does not go exactly in our own
+way; but you must treat us and our belongings with
+respect. We are not going to have barbarians
+scoffing at what we think fit to worship. I have
+heard of men being crucified for less than you have
+said to-day. But hearken, Shallum, we did not
+come here to-day to quarrel with you. You are a
+good fellow, after all, and keep as capital a tap of
+wine as any that I know, King Tmolus<note place="foot">The wine of Mount Tmolus, a mountain near Smyrna, before
+which, as Virgil says (Georgics ii. 184), all other wines rise as before
+their betters.</note> only
+excepted. We want you to come with us and have
+a jolly day. What is the good of quarrelling about
+words? You and we are quite agreed that there is
+something in wine that makes it one of the finest
+things under the sun. Suppose that we choose to
+call that something Dionysus the Wine-god, and you
+choose to say that your god has to do with it, what
+is the difference? We are really agreed. It is the
+goodness in wine that we both like, and I’m sure
+that a really honest fellow like you, that we can
+always rely on to give us the right stuff, should be
+<pb n='105'/><anchor id='Pg105'/>the first to acknowledge it. Well, can’t we show an
+agreement? That is why we want you to come with
+us. A whole crowd of your countrymen are coming,
+I understand. It will be a pretty sight, and there
+will be some of the finest music that you ever heard,
+and dancing, and fun of all kinds, and, of course, as
+much wine as ever you want. Of course you will
+come, my dear Shallum?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q><hi rend='italic'>I</hi> come?</q> growled the wine-seller. <q>Not I!
+What do I care about your dancing and singing?
+And as for wine, I can have as much as I want at
+home, and better stuff, too, than any that I am
+likely to get elsewhere.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lycon, who was evidently bent on getting his way,
+did not suffer his good humour to be disturbed by
+the Jew’s churlishness. <q>Ah!</q> said he, <q>that
+reminds me. Stupid fellow that I am, I quite
+forgot the matter of business that really brought
+me here. To tell the truth, business and this old
+Lebanon don’t very well agree. But listen;
+Neocles, who is manager-in-chief of the whole
+festival, has quite made up his mind to have your
+wine, and none but yours, for all the better sort of
+people. He was to get some skins for the common
+folks from Zadok—do you know him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Know him?</q> said Shallum; <q>I should think I
+did—hasn’t got a drop of sound wine in his shop.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So the Chief said. But we were to come to you
+for the good wine. What can you let us have?
+<pb n='106'/><anchor id='Pg106'/>Mind that it must be the very best. We were not
+to haggle about the price, Neocles said, so long
+as we got it really good.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And Lycon pulled out of his pocket a money-bag
+that was evidently much better furnished than
+Shallum’s lean and hunger-bitten purse. Untying
+the neck, he poured into his hand, with an air of
+careless profusion, some ten or twelve gold pieces.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shallum’s keen eyes glistened at the sight. Here
+was enough to pay not only Nahum but all his
+creditors, and leave him a handsome sum over
+wherewith to tide over the hard times. His somewhat
+brusque manner changed in a moment. He
+was now the most obsequious of tradesmen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Everything in my stores is at your disposal.
+And I have a better wine than this in my cellar, and
+only ten shekels a skin,</q> he went on, adding about
+three to the utmost he expected to get. <q>But wait
+a moment, gentlemen, you shall taste it for yourselves.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He took a small flagon from beneath the counter
+and disappeared. The two Greeks smiled to each
+other. <q>We have the fish fast,</q> one of them said;
+<q>after all there is nothing like a golden bait.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shallum shortly reappeared with the wine, which
+was tasted and approved.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> said Lycon, <q>we will say ten skins of this
+at ten shekels a piece, and five of the other sort at
+eight—that is the price; is it not?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='107'/><anchor id='Pg107'/>
+
+<p>
+Shallum nodded assent. As a matter of fact he
+would never have expected more than seven. But
+if these Greeks were so free with their money why
+should not an honest Jew have the benefit of it?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of course you will come with us?</q> said Lycon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You may take my word for it, there will be nothing
+to offend you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shallum hesitated for a moment, and then muttered
+an unwilling <q>Yes.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you won’t mind wearing this little twig of
+ivy, just twisted round your head? It means nothing—every
+one does it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This was more than the wretched man was prepared
+for. <q>Not I,</q> he said; <q>I am not going to
+wear any of your idolatrous ornaments.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Lycon put the money-bag into his pocket again.
+<q>Then, my dear Shallum, I am afraid we shall not
+be able to do any business. <q>Give and take</q> is our
+motto. We put a nice little bargain in your way;
+and you must humour us. However, if you are
+obstinate, there must be an end of it. I dare say
+Zadok can find us what we want. Come,
+Callicles,</q> he went on, turning to his companion,
+<q><corr sic="(no quote mark)">we</corr> must be going.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shallum saw his dreams of deliverance from his
+money-troubles vanishing into air, and grew desperate.
+<q>Stop,</q> he said to his guests, <q>let me
+think for a moment. You won’t ask me to do anything
+else. A few leaves can’t make much odds
+<pb n='108'/><anchor id='Pg108'/>either way. I don’t remember ever hearing anything
+in the Law against wearing ivy. It isn’t like
+eating swine’s flesh, or those detestable scaleless
+eels that you Greeks are so fond of. Yes, I’ll wear
+the thing, if you want me to so much.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That’s right, Shallum; I thought a sensible
+man like you would not throw away a good chance
+for a mere nothing.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So saying, Lycon stepped outside the shop, and
+whistled. In a minute or so a cart, which had been
+waiting round the corner, was driven up. The skins
+of wine were stowed away in it, and the two Greeks,
+with Shallum between them, all wearing the ivy-wreath,
+took their seats, and started for the Valley
+of the Cheesemongers, where it had been arranged
+that the festival should be held.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The festival was scarcely a success, if it was
+meant, as it certainly was, to attract the Jewish
+population. A few hundreds, indeed, had been persuaded
+or compelled to be present. Most of them
+belonged to the lowest and most degraded class,
+wretched creatures whom any purchaser might
+secure for any purpose with a shekel or a flagon
+of wine. To-day they were <q>hail fellow well met</q>
+with their Greek neighbours, but to-morrow they
+would be perfectly ready to tear them in pieces. A
+few of somewhat better character had been bribed,
+as Shallum had been bribed, to come. These had
+little of the air of genuine holiday-makers. Their
+<pb n='109'/><anchor id='Pg109'/>bursts of simulated gaiety did not conceal the shame
+which they really felt. Others, again, did not make
+even this pretence of hilarity. They had been
+actually compelled to come, and they had all the air
+of prisoners led in the triumphant procession of a
+victorious general. Their faces were ghastly pale.
+Some, with their teeth firmly clenched, seemed to be
+forcibly keeping in the curses which struggled to
+find utterance. Others, of a gentler temper, were
+weeping silently; and others, again, preserved a
+look of dogged indifference. The Greek part of the
+spectators, who could have enjoyed the humours
+of the scene with a good conscience, were depressed
+by the presence of these unwilling guests.
+In consequence, everything seemed to fail. The
+jesters, with their grotesque garb and faces
+hideously smeared with wine-lees, could scarcely
+get a laugh from their audience; the singing lacked
+heartiness, the dancing was dull and spiritless. It
+is only natural that revellers, who find the time
+passing slowly, should try to quicken its movement.
+There was little brightness or gaiety in this feast of
+the wine-god, and there was therefore all the more
+excess. Some seized the rare opportunity of intoxicating
+themselves without expense, while others
+drank to drown their shame or their anger. Shallum,
+whose occupation had somewhat seasoned him
+against the effects of wine, remained comparatively
+sober, but his Greek companions were less discreet
+<pb n='110'/><anchor id='Pg110'/>or less strong-headed. They became, by a rapid
+succession of moods, boisterously gay, foolishly
+affectionate, and provokingly quarrelsome. It was
+not long before things came to a crisis. Lycon
+taunted the wine-seller with the quality of his
+wines; that did not affect him, for he was used to
+such complaints from his customers, and took them
+as part of his day’s work. He scoffed at the subjection
+of his nation to Greek rule; Shallum still kept
+his temper. The tipsy Greek was only encouraged
+to further insults by his companion’s self-restraint.
+He attempted to daub the Jew’s face with the dregs
+from a broken flagon. Shallum angrily shook him
+off, and he reeled back, just saving himself from a
+fall by catching at the trunk of an olive tree.
+<q>Hog of a Jew!</q> he cried, <q>do you lay hands on a
+free-born Greek? Come, Callicles,</q> he went on,
+turning to his companion, <q>let us teach the beast
+how to behave himself.</q> The two rushed at the
+Jew, aiming blows at his head with the staves
+which they carried in their hands. One of them
+stumbled against the stones of a ruined house,
+and fell so heavily that he was unable or unwilling
+to raise himself again. Shallum easily
+evaded the attack of the other, dealing him at the
+same time so fierce a stroke of the fist that it
+stretched him senseless on the ground. The deed
+done, he looked hastily round to see whether any
+spectator had witnessed it. To his great relief, he
+<pb n='111'/><anchor id='Pg111'/>found himself alone. From the lower city came the
+sounds of furious revelry and the strains of the
+Bacchic chorus—
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">Comrades, crown the bowl with wine,</q></l>
+<l>Round your locks the ivy twine,</l>
+<l>Deeper drink and join again</l>
+<l><q rend="pre: none">Bacchus and his reeling train.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+His first impulse was to tear the ivy-wreath from
+his head. Then he reflected that if he could
+endure to wear it for a few moments longer, it
+might serve him as a passport. The event
+proved that he was right. He passed unquestioned
+through the crowd of revellers, left the
+precincts of the valley, and striking on an unfrequented
+path, hurried on at the top of his speed, not
+pausing till he had put at least six miles between
+himself and the scene of his late adventure. Then
+he threw himself on the ground and bewailed his
+grievous fall in an agony of shame and remorse.
+After a while the fatigue and excitement of the day,
+helped by the fumes of the wine, which his rapid
+movements had sent to his brain, overpowered him,
+and he sank into a heavy sleep.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His slumbers lasted late into the day. When he
+woke, his head aching with the excess of the day
+before, he felt even more wretched, more hopeless.
+To return to the city was out of the question. But
+where was he to go? While he was debating this
+question with himself, and could find nothing in the
+<pb n='112'/><anchor id='Pg112'/>least resembling an answer, he caught the sound of
+approaching footsteps. Mingled feelings of shame
+and fear suggested to him that he should hide himself,
+and he plunged into the bushes which lined the
+side of the road.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The traveller approached. He was a renegade
+Jew, and Shallum recognized him as one who had
+taken an active part in the festivities of the preceding
+day. Just as he passed Shallum’s hiding-place
+an unlucky impulse made him burst forth into a
+snatch of the Bacchic chant—
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">Deeper drink and join again</q></l>
+<l><q rend="pre: none">Bacchus and his reeling train.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+His listener heard the words with mingled feelings
+of disgust and rage, and leaping down into the road
+felled him senseless to the ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At first it seemed as if what he had done did not
+make his way plainer before him. But as he stood
+by the prostrate man a thought occurred to him.
+He took the purse which the man, in the usual
+traveller’s fashion, wore by way of girdle round his
+waist, and examined its contents. It held three gold
+pieces and some ten shekels. The gold he left; but
+half of the shekels he transferred to his own keeping.
+One of the shekels sufficed to purchase some bread
+and dried flesh at the neighbouring village. Thus
+recruited in strength the fugitive made his escape
+to the mountains.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="9" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='113'/><anchor id='Pg113'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="IX. The Persecution"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="IX. The Persecution"/>
+<head>CHAPTER IX.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE PERSECUTION.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Menander, or Micah—the young man still wavered
+between the two moods which were symbolized by
+these names—had been greatly moved, as we have
+said, by what he had seen and heard in his visit to
+his sister and her husband. But he could not shake
+himself free from the habits and prepossessions of
+years. Though he had always kept aloof from the
+worst excesses of his renegade and heathen friends,
+still his moral tone had been lowered, and even his
+physical nerve weakened by a frivolous and self-indulgent
+life. Sometimes he would half resolve to
+cast in his lot with his people. Sometimes, again,
+the cynical or doubting temper returned. What
+madness it would be, so the evil voice whispered to
+him, to sacrifice all that made life pleasant, and,
+very possibly, life itself, for what both philosophers
+and practical men of the world agreed in pronouncing
+to be a delusion!
+</p>
+
+<pb n='114'/><anchor id='Pg114'/>
+
+<p>
+Till this question had been settled one way or
+the other, he found it impossible to rest. The city
+became odious to him, for he shrank from the sight
+of his fellow-men. Indeed, he did not know with
+whom to associate. His Greek or Greek-loving
+acquaintances, with their frivolities and vices, disgusted
+him; and the patriots regarded him with coldness
+and aversion. Solitude, he fancied, might suit
+him better, and he went again to his country house
+at Lebanon. But he found himself worse off than
+ever where there was nothing to come between his
+thoughts and himself, and he hastened back to
+Jerusalem. Then it suddenly occurred to him that
+his sister had been expecting shortly to become a
+mother, and he made his way to her house to inquire
+of her welfare. Azariah himself answered his knock.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How is Hannah?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Thanks be to the Lord,</q> replied Azariah, <q>she
+is well. She had an easy travail.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And the babe? A son or a daughter?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Lord has given us a son.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But he said it without the gladness that a Jewish
+father, newly blessed with the hope that there
+should be one to preserve his name in Israel, should
+have felt.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But you must come in and see him, for indeed
+he is of a singular beauty.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The young man followed his host into the chamber
+already described, and sat down to wait. Presently
+<pb n='115'/><anchor id='Pg115'/>Azariah reappeared, holding the child in his arms.
+It was no father’s fondness that had made him speak
+of his singular beauty. The child was but five days
+old; but he had none of the <q>shapeless</q> look which
+is commonly to be seen in the newly born. His
+features were shaped with a regularity most uncommon
+at so tender an age, and his complexion
+beautifully clear, while his little head was surrounded
+with what may be called a halo of golden hair.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah was loud in his admiration. <q>I never saw
+his equal for beauty. You are indeed a happy
+father to have the fairest son in all Israel.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The smile on Azariah’s face faded away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I would not be thankless for the <q>gift that
+cometh from the Lord,</q> nor wanting in faith; yet I
+sometimes cannot but think that in these days the
+childless are the happiest, or, I should rather say,
+the least unhappy.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of course you will be prudent,</q> said Micah,
+<q>and yield to the necessities of the time. Put off
+the circumcision of the child. There can be no
+harm in that. And when Hannah has got her
+strength again, you can come down to my place in
+the Lebanon, and it can be done quietly, without
+any one being the wiser.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah said nothing. He turned away his face,
+but not before his brother-in-law had seen his eyes
+fill with tears. After leaving some loving messages
+for his sister the young man departed, hoping,
+<pb n='116'/><anchor id='Pg116'/>though not without some serious doubt, that his
+advice would be followed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A week after, when the question, he knew, would
+have been decided one way or the other, he bent his
+steps again towards his sister’s house. As he walked
+through the streets he could see that the persecutors
+were busy at their work. Fires were burning here
+and there, and copies of the Law and the other holy
+books were being burned in them. From a house
+which he recognized as being the dwelling of a scribe
+of great learning, a party of Greek soldiers burst
+forth, as he passed, dragging behind them a richly-ornamented
+scroll of the Psalms. For a moment the
+wild impulse surged in his heart to rescue the sacred
+writing from the flames; but he recognized the
+hopelessness of the attempt; and, indeed, he sadly
+asked himself, was he fit to be a champion of holy
+things? A soldier gathered up the parchment in his
+arms, and tossed it in a heap on the fire. Part of
+it opened as it fell, and Micah saw for a few moments
+before the flames reached them, words which he
+never forgot till his dying day: <q>Princes have
+persecuted me without a cause, yet do I not swerve
+from Thy commandments.</q> As he stood and looked,
+with a rage in his heart which he could not express,
+two more soldiers came out of the house, holding
+between them the scribe himself, a venerable man,
+in whom Micah recognized an old friend of his
+father’s. They threw him down, face foremost, on
+<pb n='117'/><anchor id='Pg117'/>the fire, and held him there till he was
+<corr sic="suffocated">suffocated.</corr>
+But before the tragedy was finished, the young Jew
+had turned away, feeling in his heart that the
+question which he had been debating so long was
+being rapidly settled for him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The blow that was to clinch his conclusions was
+not long in falling. As he came near the bottom
+of the little hill on the top of which stood his
+sister’s house, he saw a cross, and, bound to it by
+cords, what seemed to be the figure of a woman,
+with a dead child hung round her neck. The sun
+had set, and the light was failing with the rapidity
+that is characteristic of a southern latitude.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Truly these Greeks have a strange way of
+showing their love of beauty. We have had
+sickening sights in Jerusalem of late enough to
+make their name stink in our nostrils for ever.
+What poor wretch is this? How has she offended
+our masters? And the child—what treason can he
+have been guilty of?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And as he spoke a dreadful fear shot through his
+heart. After all—for he knew what a dauntless
+spirit his sister had shown at their last meeting—after
+all they might have circumcised the child and
+brought down upon themselves the vengeance of the
+persecutors. He turned aside from the road and ran
+up to the terrible object. It was almost dark by the
+time he reached it, and he had to light a torch which
+he carried with him in case of need, before he could
+<pb n='118'/><anchor id='Pg118'/>see what the object really was. Then one glance
+was enough. The features of the woman were black
+and swollen; but he recognized them in a moment.
+It was the face of Hannah, his sister. But a month
+before he had seen it beaming with light and love,
+and now—— Had he needed any confirmation he
+would have found it in the child. The features were
+beyond recognition; but the golden halo of hair was
+there; its brightness scarcely dimmed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He sank upon his knees, and lifting his hands to
+heaven he cursed the authors of this wickedness,
+and swore that he would give all his life to avenge
+the innocent blood. Then rising he hastened to the
+house of Azariah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He found a considerable company assembled.
+They were deep in debate about the course of action
+to be pursued when Micah, who had been met by
+Azariah at the door, was introduced into the room.
+Most of those present were acquainted with him, at
+least by reputation, and they were naturally disposed
+to consider his presence an intrusion. But it was
+soon manifest that the new comer was not indifferent,
+much less hostile, to their objects.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hear me, brethren,</q> he cried, <q>if, indeed, one so
+unworthy as I may call you brethren,</q> and he went
+on to recount the struggles with which his mind had
+been agitated during the weeks just past. Then,
+after briefly touching on what he had just seen, he
+went on, <q>I have sinned; I have forsaken the Law
+<pb n='119'/><anchor id='Pg119'/>of my God; I have defiled myself by a companionship
+with the heathen; and though I have not worshipped
+their false gods</q>—there was a sigh of relief
+from the company as he uttered these words with a
+solemn emphasis—<q>yet I have been a guest at the
+feasts of their temples. If, therefore, you judge me
+to have transgressed beyond all pardon, cast me out
+from your company; I can find some other way to
+do service for the country that I have betrayed, and
+the God whom I have denied. Yet, if you think
+me worthy of death, I do not refuse to die.</q> And he
+drew a dagger from his belt, and offering it to one
+who seemed to be a leader in the assembly, stood
+with bared breast before him.
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>The Persecution.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_135"/><figure url="images/i_135.jpg" rend="w80">
+<index index="fig" level1="The Persecution"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>The Persecution.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>The Persecution</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<p>
+A murmur of admiration ran through the meeting.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, brother,</q> said the man whom he addressed,
+<q>this is not the time to take one soldier from the
+hosts of the Lord. You have sinned in the past;
+make amends in the future. There will be time and
+opportunity enough. And if you are the brother of
+her who has witnessed a good confession even unto
+death, you will not fail to use the occasion that shall
+come.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The company then resumed the debate which had
+been interrupted by Micah’s arrival. Little difference
+of opinion indeed remained among them, and when
+the president, Seraiah by name, brother-in-law of
+Azariah, as being the husband of his sister Ruth,
+stated his views they met with general assent.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='120'/><anchor id='Pg120'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>We have seen enough,</q> he said, <q>and suffered
+enough. This city is polluted, and is no longer a fit
+abode for the faithful. Let them that are in Judæa
+flee unto the mountains. Meanwhile we will gather
+together such as have not bowed the knee to Baal,
+and will make head against the oppressor. But
+here we shall be struck down, and perish as a beast
+perishes in the pit into which he has fallen.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After this the company dispersed to make such
+preparation as they could for their departure, which
+was fixed for the night following. Micah and
+Seraiah remained behind in the house of mourning.
+Azariah withdrew to comfort his little girls, who
+were crying almost incessantly for their mother.
+Comfort he needed sorely for himself, and he found
+it, as far as it could be found, in this fatherly care.
+Every look and gesture of the little ones reminded
+him of her whom he had lost, and seemed to open the
+wound afresh. Yet it consoled him to talk to them
+about their mother, to tell the story of her early
+days, to remind them, though they did not need to
+be reminded, of all her goodness and love, and to
+picture her happiness where she sat in Paradise with
+the holy women of old, with Miriam, and Sarah,
+and Rachel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile Seraiah told the story of Hannah’s end
+to Micah. <q>We came together,</q> he said, <q rend="post: none">on the
+eighth day after the birth of her child; but though
+all was prepared for the circumcision of the boy,
+<pb n='121'/><anchor id='Pg121'/>we had not yet resolved what was to be done. I
+know that I wavered—I confess it with shame—and
+so did Azariah. And, indeed, I can scarcely find
+it in my heart to blame him. He had no thought of
+his own life, but to risk his wife’s and the child’s—that
+was terrible. And there were others who
+advised him to yield for the time; the risk was too
+terrible. Indeed, that was the feeling of most of us,
+and those who thought otherwise were unwilling to
+speak. We were assembled, you know, in your sister’s
+chamber. She sat on the bed, holding the little one
+in her arms. Her face was somewhat pale; but she
+had a calm and steadfast look, like the look of one
+who watches his adversary in the battle line of the
+enemy, and there was a fire in her eyes, such as I
+have never seen in the eye of woman before. When
+I had spoken, counselling delay and yielding for a
+while to the necessities of the time, I turned to her
+and said, <q>And you, Hannah, what think you?</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q rend="post: none">Then she spoke, and her voice never faltered for a
+moment, but was clear and full, though indeed she
+never raised it above the pitch that becomes the
+obedience and modesty of the woman. <q>Pardon
+me,</q> she said, <q>fathers and brethren, if I seem, in
+differing from your counsel, to reproach you. I am
+but a weak woman, and know nothing of policy or
+of the needs of the time. But I know the thing
+that the Lord our God has commanded: <q>Every
+man-child among you shall be circumcised,</q> and
+<pb n='122'/><anchor id='Pg122'/><q>whosoever shall not be circumcised that soul
+shall be cut off from among his people.</q> The Lord
+hath given me this child, and shall I not do for him
+according to the commandment? Shall we fear
+man rather than God? And for myself, is it a new
+thing for a mother to give her life into the hand of
+God? Four times already have I so given it, and
+He has restored it to me. And if it be His will that
+it be taken, shall I not obey? What said the Holy
+Children when Nebuchadnezzar would have had
+them fall down and worship the golden image, lest
+they should be cast into the burning fiery furnace.
+<q>Our God whom we serve is able to deliver us out
+of thy hand, and He will deliver us out of thy hand,
+O King; but if not——</q></q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q rend="post: none">Then she turned to her husband, and said, <q>What
+shall be his name?</q> as steadily and quietly as if
+there had been no question of danger or fear.
+<q>Let his name be David,</q> said the father, as he
+took the babe from its mother’s arms; for the sun
+was about to set, and in a few moments the due
+time would be past. So they carried the child into
+the next room. And when your sister heard his cry,
+she broke forth into blessings and thanksgiving.
+<q>Thanks be to Thee, O Lord,</q> she cried, <q>in that
+Thou hast made him a child of the Covenant. And
+now I beseech Thee to grant that he may walk
+before Thee all the days of his life as walked Thy
+servant David, and that he may sit down with
+<pb n='123'/><anchor id='Pg123'/>Abraham and Isaac and Jacob in the kingdom of
+heaven.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>After that she bade us stay and partake of the
+feast which she had caused to be prepared. Verily
+she had left nothing uncared for. Never was her
+table better spread, and, as you know, she was a
+notable housekeeper. And though, for her weakness,
+she could not sit at table with us, she was gay
+and cheerful even beyond her wont, so that we men,
+for very shame, had to banish the care from our
+faces, and laugh and be merry with her. But the
+next day the soldiers came and beat Azariah, as they
+thought, to death, and——</q> The speaker paused;
+indeed he could not speak for the choking tears. At
+last he said, in a broken voice, <q>What need to tell
+the rest? You know it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next night Azariah, Seraiah, Micah, and a
+company of some thirty men and women left Jerusalem.
+Part of them were on foot, but an ass had
+been found to carry Ruth, Seraiah’s wife, who was
+expecting shortly to become a mother. Their destination
+was the hill-country that went by the name
+of the Wilderness of Bethaven.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="10" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='124'/><anchor id='Pg124'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="X. In the Mountains"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="X. In the Mountains"/>
+<head>CHAPTER X.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">IN THE MOUNTAINS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The time is evening; the place is a rocky pass
+between Bethel and Michmash. At the mouth of
+a cave which commands a view of the approach
+from the westward, are seated two men, in one of
+whom we may recognize Shallum, the quondam
+wine-seller of Jerusalem.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, comrade,</q> he is saying to his companion,
+<q>this business is not quite to my liking. It is all
+very well when we can relieve a Greek merchant,
+or, better still, a Syrian tax-gatherer, of his money-bags;
+but I hate robbing our own people. That
+poor fellow to-day, for instance, who was taking
+home his wages—he had been wood-cutting, he
+said, in Bashan—it really went to my heart to take
+the money from him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The companion whom he addressed was a rough,
+savage-looking fellow, who certainly did not look as
+if he would feel very much for Shallum’s scruples.
+<pb n='125'/><anchor id='Pg125'/>He had followed, indeed, the robber’s trade, it may
+be said, from his childhood, as his fathers had
+followed it before him, almost since the days of
+the Captivity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He now broke out into a loud, mocking laugh.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah! my friend Shallum,</q> he said, <q>you are a
+great deal too soft and tender-hearted. But then
+you are new to the business; when you have been
+at it as long as I have, you won’t have these
+scruples. Now, mark what I say; and if we are
+to be good friends, don’t let me hear any more of
+this nonsense. You are a stout fellow and a man
+of your hands; and as for myself, well, I rather
+think that a novice like you could hardly have come
+across a better teacher. I don’t doubt that we shall
+do very well together; and when we have made a
+little money, I shan’t blame you if you give up the
+business and become what they call an honest man.
+For myself, the <q>honest man</q> line does not suit
+me—it is not in my blood, you know. But, meanwhile,
+if we are to work together, we must agree.
+Now, all is fish that comes to our net. Of course,
+I don’t mean the people about here—our neighbours,
+you know. We must not touch them; on the
+contrary, they must have a share of what we make.
+As long as they are our friends we are safe. But
+all strangers are lawful booty. And mind—for I
+see that you are a little wroth about this—mind, it
+is only dead men who tell no tales.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='126'/><anchor id='Pg126'/>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin’s words of wisdom—the more experienced
+of the two robbers was named Benjamin—were
+interrupted by an exclamation from his
+companion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hush!</q> he cried, <q>I hear a sound of voices
+from the pass.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The two men listened; Shallum was evidently
+right. A party of travellers were approaching from
+the west.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We are in luck,</q> said Benjamin; <q>it is not
+often that we do business so late in the day.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As he spoke the leaders of the party emerged into
+sight.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Shoot, Shallum!</q> said Benjamin; <q>strike one of
+those fellows down and we shall have the whole
+party in confusion.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, Benjamin; I hear the voices of women
+and children; and see—God wither my hand if I
+shoot at such helpless people as these.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The rest of the party was now in sight. Two
+men, one on either side of the ass, were supporting
+Ruth, who, worn out by the fatigues of the day,
+could with difficulty keep her seat on the animal.
+These were her husband and Azariah. Close
+behind came Micah, carrying on his shoulder the
+little Judith, who was fast asleep. Then followed
+Miriam, Judith’s elder sister. The poor child limped
+sadly along, for her city life had been but a poor
+training for that long day’s march, and she felt just
+<pb n='127'/><anchor id='Pg127'/>a little envious of the good fortune which Judith
+enjoyed in being carried.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shallum recognized the figures of Seraiah and
+Ruth, with whom he happened to have had some
+slight acquaintance in Jerusalem, and from whom
+indeed he had received no little kindness.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Benjamin,</q> he said, in a determined voice, <q>I
+know these people, and if I can help it they shall
+suffer no harm.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, well; have your way,</q> said his companion,
+who indeed was not quite as hard of heart
+as he would make himself out. <q>If, as you say,
+you know them, go down and make friends.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shallum at once made his way down into the pass,
+and, standing in the path, greeted the travellers with
+the customary salutation, <q>Peace be with you!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What, Shallum!</q> said Seraiah, <q>is that you?
+What brings you here?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That were a long story,</q> returned the man,
+<q>and this is not the time to tell it. But can I
+serve you?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Can you find shelter for my poor wife? But it
+is idle, I fear, to ask you. There can be no inn
+near this wild place.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>’Tis true, sir, there is no inn; yet if you can
+put up with such poor lodging as we can give,
+the lady will have at least shelter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth was lifted from her seat on the ass, and
+carried between her husband and Azariah up the
+<pb n='128'/><anchor id='Pg128'/>rocky track that led to the cave, Shallum showing
+the way with a lighted torch in his hand, for by
+this time the night had fallen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin met the little party at the mouth of the
+cave. His life of crime had not quenched all kindly
+feeling in him. He felt, too, that he was a host;
+and the sense of hospitality, which keeps its hold
+on an Eastern heart as long as anything good is
+left to it, bade him do his best for his guests.
+And the sweet smile of thanks with which Ruth
+greeted him when she was laid on the couch of
+cloaks, which the two inmates of the cave had
+hastily arranged on a pile of heather, won him
+altogether.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A minute or two afterwards Micah followed with
+the two children; Judith, still fast asleep, was put
+down by Ruth’s side, while Miriam forgot her fatigue
+in the delightful excitement of this new adventure.
+The new-comers had brought with them a slender
+store of provisions. These they proceeded to share,
+declining with thanks the dried flesh and wine which
+their entertainers offered. The rest of the party
+found shelter, under guidance of the robbers, in
+some of the many caves with which the rocks in
+the neighbourhood were honeycombed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Next morning the arrangements for housing the
+little colony were made. There was an abundance
+of caves to give shelter to all, and the accommodation
+though rough, at least protected them from the
+<pb n='129'/><anchor id='Pg129'/>weather. Their life was simple in the extreme—simple
+even to hardness. They sought for herbs
+and roots, and from the neighbouring peasants they
+bought a few goats, to browse among the rocks, and
+a small quantity of corn, which they bruised between
+stones and baked. The mountain springs furnished
+their drink, a few flasks of wine being reserved for any
+cases of sickness. Twice a day the whole company
+met for worship. Seraiah read a portion first from
+the Law and then from the Prophets, for they had
+not forgotten to bring rolls of the Sacred Books.
+Then standing erect, with covered heads, their faces
+turned towards the Temple, they joined in prayer.
+In the words of one who himself in old time had
+found himself shut out for a while from the privileges
+of the Holy Place and was content to realize them
+by faith, the congregation uttered together the
+petition, <q>Let my prayer be set forth in Thy sight
+as the incense; and let the lifting up of my hands
+be an evening sacrifice.</q> One of the psalms of
+penitence followed; for surely they had all many
+sins to repent of—sins of which they were now
+suffering the penalty; and, after the psalm, a prayer
+for deliverance from the enemy, and for the setting
+up again of the throne of David, and for that
+without which neither deliverance nor a restored
+kingdom could profit them—purity and righteousness
+in their own hearts and souls.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nothing could be more simple and frugal than
+<pb n='130'/><anchor id='Pg130'/>their daily fare. Wild fruits and herbs were largely
+used, and any little plots of fertile ground that could
+be found were planted with vegetables, some far-seeing
+member of the party having brought with
+him a small supply of garden seeds. When a few
+days after their arrival Ruth gave birth to a
+son it was much feared that the scanty supply of
+nourishing food might long delay her restoration
+to strength. This fear was not realized. The
+feeling of freedom and deliverance combined with
+the fine mountain air to bring her back to her
+wonted health, and she found herself able to go
+about her daily work long before she could have
+hoped to do so in the more enervating atmosphere
+of the city.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One day she had gone to gather herbs for the
+daily mess, a work in which she was especially
+useful from the knowledge of plants which she had
+taken pains to acquire in her unmarried days. She
+had taken, of course, the new-born infant with her,
+and Miriam, who was delighted to perform, as far as
+her strength permitted, the office of nurse. The little
+Judith, whose night’s rest had been disturbed by
+some childish ailment, had been left at home to
+make up her allowance of sleep. The mother found
+on her return that a strange visitor had made herself
+at home in the cave. The little one was fast asleep
+on a bed of rugs which had been made up for her,
+and curled up at her side with one of her fore paws
+<pb n='131'/><anchor id='Pg131'/>round her neck was a jackal. The two companions
+were roused together by the arrival of the party,
+and, wonderful to relate, neither showed any symptoms
+of alarm. The jackal rose from its resting-place,
+approached Ruth, and fawned at her feet, and
+the child came after its bedfellow and stroked affectionately
+its shaggy skin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When, two or three weeks afterwards, the new
+comer gave birth to a litter of cubs, the joy of the
+children was complete. The little animals soon
+learnt to play with the girls, and their dam sat by
+and watched their gambols, and sometimes even
+condescended to join in them herself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The little colony heard of the strange incident
+with delight, and saw in it a token of Divine favour.
+<q>Man rages cruelly against us,</q> they said, <q>but we
+find friends among the beasts of the field. Surely it
+is our God who hath changed the heart of this
+savage dweller in the wilderness, and we will trust
+that He will do yet greater things than these.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Mother,</q> said Miriam one day to Ruth, <q>by
+what name shall we call our new friend?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The question puzzled her, and she referred it to
+her husband.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It does not seem fitting,</q> she said, <q>that we
+should give the name of a daughter of the Covenant
+to the beast, for though she is of kindly temper yet
+she is unclean.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seraiah thought awhile.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='132'/><anchor id='Pg132'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>You say truth, my wife. Let us call her Jael.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But why Jael?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Because the wife of Heber was of the unclean,
+for was she not of the house of the Kenite? Yet
+was she a friend of Israel, for she slew Sisera that
+was captain of the host of Jabin, King of Canaan.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So thenceforward the creature went by the name
+of Jael.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was not long before she justified her name by
+showing that she could be fierce on occasion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A wayfarer, who described himself as a discharged
+soldier and a Moabite by birth, asked for shelter and
+food. Scanty as were the means of the fugitives,
+they did not grudge the stranger a share of their
+meal. They gave him their best, adding to their
+daily fare the special luxury of some dried grapes.
+As he complained of being footsore, Ruth applied
+some simple remedies to the blisters on his feet.
+Altogether he was treated not only as a welcome
+but even as an honoured guest. On his part he professed
+a fervent sympathy with the hopes and plans
+of his hosts. The next morning he started as if
+to continue his journey. But the cupidity of the
+wretch had been roused by the sight of the handsome
+earrings—almost the sole remaining relic of
+former affluence—which he had spied in his hostess’s
+ears. About an hour before noon, when he judged
+that the men would be still busy about their daily
+work, he crept back to the cave. Ruth was sitting
+<pb n='133'/><anchor id='Pg133'/>by a fire nursing her babe. The jackal lay asleep
+in a corner; the girls were playing with the cubs
+on a sunny little plot of ground outside.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady,</q> began the fellow, in a beggar’s wheedling
+voice, <q>can you spare a little money for a poor
+fellow who has not so much as a copper coin to
+buy him a piece of bread?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth was startled at his re-appearance, but concealed
+her alarm.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Friend,</q> she said, <q>I have no money; but I will
+give you half a loaf if you want food, though you had
+done better, I should think, to keep on your way,
+for you can hardly find any that are poorer than we.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But you have gold,</q> said the man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Gold? Not I,</q> she answered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, lady,</q> he went on, with a perceptible tone
+of threatening in his voice, <q>those earrings that you
+wear are doubtless of true metal. They add, indeed,
+to your beauty, and it is a pity that you should lose
+them; but then there is no one to admire you in
+this wilderness, and they would keep a poor fellow
+like myself in flesh and wine for a month or more.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My earrings?</q> said Ruth, stupefied by the
+man’s audacity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, your earrings, lady,</q> said the man. <q>I
+should advise you to take them out yourself, for if I
+have to do it I am afraid that I shall show myself a
+very rough tirewoman.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The spirit of Ruth, the same that had dwelt of old
+<pb n='134'/><anchor id='Pg134'/>in a Miriam or a Deborah, was roused at the man’s
+insolent audacity. She seized a half-burnt brand
+from the fire and stood on her defence. The soldier,
+thinking that he had found an easy prey, approached.
+But he had not reckoned on an ally who was ready
+to help her in her need. Jael had been woke by the
+voices, and watched with glaring eyes the soldier’s
+movements, uttering every now and then a low growl,
+which, however, the man was too much occupied to
+heed. As soon as he came within reach, she sprang
+upon him from her lurking-place. The force with
+which she threw herself upon him overset him, and
+he fell backwards, his head striking on the mill-stone
+which formed part of the scanty furniture of
+the cave. In a moment her fangs were in his throat.
+In vain did Ruth, who saw the man’s danger and
+was unwilling that he should perish in his sins, call
+her by her name. All the savage instinct in her
+was roused by the taste of blood. Before two
+minutes had passed the freebooter was dead.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We did well to call her Jael,</q> said Seraiah that
+evening, as he helped to carry the corpse out of the
+cave. <q>The wretch has received the due reward of
+his deeds.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="11" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='135'/><anchor id='Pg135'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XI. News Bad and Good"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XI. News Bad and Good"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XI.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">NEWS BAD AND GOOD.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+As the weeks went by fugitives continued to arrive
+at the little asylum which Seraiah and Azariah had
+founded among the hills. There was not one of
+them but brought with him some dismal story of the
+cruelty of the heathen and the renegades who acted
+as their instruments, and of the sufferings of the
+faithful. We should weary our readers were we to
+relate them in their monotony of horror. One will
+suffice, for it is the most famous as it is the most
+tragic of all the tales of that reign of terror.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One night the sentinels, whom the chiefs of the
+little colony were always careful to post, heard the
+sound of approaching footsteps. They challenged
+the new comer, and bade him stand, and tell them
+his errand. He could not articulate his answer,
+so spent was he with fatigue and distress; but it
+was evident that he was harmless, a mere youth,
+solitary, and unarmed. Unwilling to disturb the
+little colony at so late an hour—it was indeed
+<pb n='136'/><anchor id='Pg136'/>past midnight—the sentinels bade the stranger
+rest before their watch-fire. He was so exhausted
+and weary that he could swallow but very little of
+the food which his entertainers offered him. A few
+mouthfuls of barley cake, and a draught of milk
+more than satisfied him. Then he sank down on
+the ground overpowered with sleep, and his hosts
+wrapped him in a cloak and left him to his repose.
+Yet, wearied as he was, his slumbers were broken.
+Again and again he started up with a cry of horror
+on his lips. Those who listened to him felt sure
+that he must be going over in his dreams some
+dreadful scenes which he had witnessed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next day he could scarcely be recalled to
+consciousness. Indeed it was judged well to leave
+nature to recover herself. The women of the colony
+took it in turns to watch by his side, and were
+ready, when he awoke for a few moments, with a
+cup of milk, the only thing which he seemed to
+relish. By degrees his slumbers grew more peaceful,
+and on the morning of the second day after his
+arrival he woke calm and collected.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was Ruth who then happened to be on duty at
+his side. When he saw her, he said, <q>Lady, I
+have a story to tell, and the chief of this place
+should hear it. Let him make haste to come, for
+I feel that I cannot rest while it is untold.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth sent one of her children to fetch her husband.
+The stranger refused to postpone his narrative till
+<pb n='137'/><anchor id='Pg137'/>he should have gathered a little more strength.
+<q>Nay,</q> said he; <q>it is like a weight upon my soul,
+and I would lighten me of it by committing it to
+faithful ears.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Speak on,</q> said Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the lad told his story.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My name is Abimelech, and I come from Jerusalem.
+My father and mother are dead; but I lived
+with my grandmother, the mother of my father, and
+his brethren, my uncles. There were seven of them,
+the eldest being some thirty-and-three years of age,
+and the youngest twenty; but my father that is dead
+was the first-born. On the first day of the month,
+coming home about the eleventh hour from the
+school of the Rabbi Zechariah——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Are there then yet those who teach in the city?</q>
+interrupted Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes,</q> answered the lad, <q>but they do it by
+stealth, for the reading of the Law is strictly forbidden
+by the Governor. But we learn it notwithstanding,
+and verily if the heathen should destroy
+every roll that there is of the Holy Books in the
+whole world there are those who could replace them
+from memory. I pretend not to so much; but I
+could say three out of the five books of Moses, the
+man of God.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Praised be the Lord God of Israel,</q> cried
+Seraiah, <q>who hath not left Himself without a
+witness! But go on with your story.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='138'/><anchor id='Pg138'/>
+
+<p>
+<q rend="post: none">Coming home, then, from school I found the
+soldiers of Philip the Phrygian in the house, Philip
+himself being there. They had set forth a table in
+the court of the house, whereon they had placed
+abominable flesh. My uncles were standing bound,
+guarded by soldiers, and with them was my grandmother.
+Then said the Governor, Philip, to the
+eldest of the seven, whose name was Judah,
+<q>Pleasure me, my friend, by eating this excellent
+meat; ’tis of the most savoury, believe me.</q> My
+uncle Judah answered, <q>I cannot obey thee in this
+matter, for it is forbidden by the Law.</q> Philip said,
+<q>Maybe he lacks an appetite. Give him that which
+shall sharpen his taste.</q> Thereupon the executioner
+stepped forth with his lash, and gave him ten stripes.
+<q>Dost feel hungry now?</q> said the Governor. <q>I had
+sooner starve,</q> said Judah, <q>than eat the abominable
+thing.</q> <q>Nay,</q> cried the Governor, <q>miscall not
+the good things which are provided for you at the
+charge of thy lord the King.</q> Then he said to the
+executioner, <q>This fellow uses not his tongue for any
+good purpose, but only to rail against my lord.
+Cut it out, therefore.</q> So they cut the tongue out
+of my uncle’s mouth; and after that they cut off his
+hands and his feet. And afterwards, he being yet
+alive, they put him in a pan and burnt him over the
+fire. Then the Governor said to the second in age,
+whose name was Eleazar, <q>Ah! friend, like you this
+better than the swine’s flesh? You may have your
+<pb n='139'/><anchor id='Pg139'/>choice, if you will.</q> But he answered nothing.
+Then they tortured him most cruelly till he died.
+And so they did to all, one after the other. What
+they did I cannot bear to tell; nor, indeed, do I
+know the whole truth, for when three had perished
+in this manner I fainted for the horror of the
+thing; nor did I come to myself till the sixth was
+ready to suffer. Him I heard say these words
+to the Governor—<q>Be not deceived, or think that
+our God has abandoned us. He has given us over
+to your hand because we have offended against
+Him; nor do we suffer beyond what we have
+deserved. But as we have not escaped the punishment
+of our sins, so neither will you, but will perish
+miserably!</q> After this he did not speak another
+word; nay, nor give a sign of pain, but stood steadfast
+and unmoved.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>When there was but one of the seven left alive,
+Benjamin by name, the Governor seeing him, and, I
+take it, having some pity on his youth, for he was
+fair as a woman, said to him, <q>Young man, you see
+how all these have perished miserably, because of
+their pride and obstinacy. Learn, then, by their fate
+to behave yourself more wisely. And hark! I will
+give you riches, more than you can desire, and promote
+you to honour, if you will humour my lord the
+King in this small matter.</q> Benjamin said, <q>Your
+gifts, my lord, be to another, and your honours to
+such as are worthy of them; but as for me, I will
+<pb n='140'/><anchor id='Pg140'/>not depart from the law of my God.</q> Then Philip
+said to the mother of the seven, <q>Persuade him, for
+I would not have you left childless, if there is any
+help. These your sons were stout fellows, and could
+have done good service for my lord if they had
+been better advised; and I would fain save this
+one that is left. Reason with him, then, that he save
+his life, and that you be not wholly bereaved.</q> Then
+the woman said, <q>Trust me, my lord; I will reason
+with him.</q> Then Philip smiled and said, <q>Your
+wisdom comes somewhat late</q>; and he whispered
+to one that stood by, <q>You see that I have prevailed
+at last.</q> But the man shook his head. Then the
+woman said to her son, <q>O, my child, have pity on
+me, for I bore for you the pangs of childbirth, and
+spent on you the labour of nurture, bringing you up
+to this age. Repay me, therefore, for all that I have
+done.</q> Then she paused awhile, and those that
+stood by scarcely knew what was in her heart.
+But the young man said, <q>Mother, how shall I
+repay you?</q> And she answered, <q>By remembering
+that the Lord made heaven and earth, and all that
+is therein. Depart not from His Law, nor forget
+Him. Heed not this tormentor, who has power over
+your body for a short moment; but stand steadfast,
+as your brethren have stood steadfast; so shall I
+receive you with them into the everlasting glory.</q>
+Then the young man smiled, as a bridegroom might
+smile when the veil is lifted from the face of his
+<pb n='141'/><anchor id='Pg141'/>bride, and said, <q>Fear not, my mother; so it shall
+be, the Lord helping me.</q> As for the Governor, he
+was mad with rage, and cried to the executioner,
+<q>Smite him, and this fool also.</q> And the man, who
+indeed, I take it, was weary of his work, smote the
+youth and mother, and killed them, dealing each but
+one blow. So they escaped the torture.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the following Sabbath Seraiah read to the
+congregation the story of the Three Children in the
+fire, and then delivered a stirring address on the
+faith and courage of the heroic mother and her sons.
+The people listened with a breathless attention, and
+when he had finished, drew, so to speak, together
+that deep sigh of relief which tells the speaker that
+he has been holding the hearts of his hearers. He
+was one of those trustful souls who amidst all
+dangers find their strength in quietness and confidence.
+But the other leaders of the settlement could
+not help feeling somewhat anxious as to the future.
+What was to be the end? This constancy under
+suffering was grand beyond all praise; but were
+they and their brethren to stand still and see the
+religion of their fathers trampled out in blood? Was
+there no one to strike a blow for their faith and their
+fatherland? For they could measure the average
+strength and depth of human nature, and knew that
+there are ten who are ready to do and dare for one
+who can suffer and be strong. <q>Do you remember,</q>
+said Seraiah to his brother-in-law, as they were
+<pb n='142'/><anchor id='Pg142'/>talking over the position of affairs after the gathering
+for worship—<q>do you remember that day when
+we fought against the Edomites, how our line
+crumbled away while we had to stand still as a
+target for the Edomite arrows, and how it grew solid
+again in a moment when our general gave the signal
+to charge? One was ready before to think that half
+the men were cowards, and then one could almost
+have sworn that there was not a coward among
+them. Yes, Azariah, we must strike when the time
+comes; but when the time will come is more than I
+can tell.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next day brought an answer to his question.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The people were dispersing after the usual morning
+prayer when a stranger was seen hurrying up
+the pass. Arrived at the top, where a party of the
+men had gone to meet him, he threw himself breathless
+on the ground; at the same time he drew a
+small piece of folded parchment from the pouch
+which was fastened to his girdle, and handed it to
+one of the men. It ran thus: <q>Mattathias to
+Seraiah, in the wilderness of Bethaven, greeting.
+Listen to the young man who brings this present
+without doubting, for he is faithful, and speaks words
+of truth.</q> In a few moments Seraiah appeared. By
+this time the messenger had recovered his breath,
+and was ready to tell his tale.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What news bring you?</q> said Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Great news; for the Lord has smitten His
+<pb n='143'/><anchor id='Pg143'/>enemies hip and thigh by the hand of Mattathias,
+son of Asmon, and by the hand of his sons.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A murmur of delight ran through the little
+audience, and every eye brightened at the prospect
+of action.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell on. We hear!</q> cried Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>May I crave a drink of water? for the way is
+long, and I have been travelling since the sun set
+yesterday.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The water was fetched. When he had quenched
+his thirst, young Asaph—that was the messenger’s
+name—began his story.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You know Mattathias, the son of Asmon, and
+the five young men, his sons, how they dwelt at
+Modin? Two months since, Philip the Phrygian—may
+the Lord cut him off in his sins!</q> and the
+speaker paused, and spat upon the ground to
+emphasize his disgust. <q rend="post: none">This Phrygian, then,
+sent one of his officers two months since to build
+an altar to one of the false gods before whom these
+children of perdition bow down. So the altar was
+built, none hindering, for the people were without
+a leader. This being finished, the Governor’s officer
+proclaimed a sacrifice and a feast to one of the
+demons whom these heathen worship. I know not
+the evil thing’s name, and if I knew it, would not
+take the accursed word upon my lips. On the
+appointed day there was a great gathering of the
+inhabitants of Modin. It was about the tenth hour
+<pb n='144'/><anchor id='Pg144'/>when the Governor’s deputy came, with his trumpeters
+and a small company of soldiers—it may be a
+score. When he had taken his seat the ministers
+brought up the ox that was for the sacrifice, a great
+beast, altogether white; and they had gilded his
+horns and put garlands of flowers about his neck,
+as their custom is. Then the deputy called to one
+Menahem, a usurer that dwelt in the village, and
+one of those who would sell their souls for a shekel.
+<q>Menon,</q> he said—for they had changed his name
+after their fashion to one of their own tongue—<q>Menon,
+come forth, and do your office.</q> And then
+he turned to the people, and said, <q>Hearken to me,
+ye Jews. This Menon here, who is known to all of
+us, has been promoted to great honour, for my lord
+Philip, who is the lieutenant of the Divine Antiochus,
+has made him priest. Honour him henceforth
+accordingly. And be sure also that if you are obedient,
+and give up your own dull and senseless superstition,
+and worship henceforth as the King commands,
+it shall be well with you and your children.</q> When
+he had ended, the fellow approached the altar, and
+cut some hairs from the forehead of the beast, and
+sprinkled some meal mingled with salt between its
+horns. And it chanced, or, I should rather say, it
+was ordered of the Lord, that as the man did this
+Mattathias and his sons passed by on the outskirts
+of the crowd. And when he perceived the abominable
+thing that was being done, and that he who
+<pb n='145'/><anchor id='Pg145'/>did it was a Jew, his spirit was moved within him.
+Then he ran forward, he and his sons with him.
+And when they were come into the space before the
+altar the old man cried, <q>He that is on the Lord’s
+side come hither!</q> And some threescore of the
+people that were there came to him, and the rest
+stood still, and did nothing, for they knew that the
+sons of Asmon were mighty men of valour. As for
+the deputy and his soldiers, they were astonished
+beyond measure, and before they came to themselves
+some of the company of Mattathias rushed upon
+them and disarmed them. But Mattathias himself,
+with Judas his son, laid hold on Menahem. Then
+that miserable creature fell on his knees and begged
+for pardon, saying that he had done this thing on
+compulsion. <q>Nay,</q> said Mattathias, <q>the compulsion
+was of thy own evil and greedy heart. Thou
+hast sinned beyond all mercy of man; but the
+mercies of the Lord are past all measure. Die
+thou must; but I would have thee die in the faith
+of a son of Israel.</q> Then the poor wretch—I had
+never thought to pity him, for he turned my own
+mother, when she lay dying, on to the public road,
+but no one could have refused him pity then—the
+wretch, I say, repeated with a stammering
+tongue, <q>Hear, O Israel, the Lord thy God is one
+Lord.</q> And now he said, <q>I give thee for thy prayers
+to the All-Merciful, till the shadow of this staff come
+so far,</q> and he planted a staff in the ground. And
+<pb n='146'/><anchor id='Pg146'/>when the time was spent, the old man took his
+sword, and sheared off the wretch’s head with one
+blow. I had not thought that there was such
+strength in his arm. Then they brought the
+deputy and his soldiers to Mattathias. First he
+dealt with the deputy. <q>Slay him,</q> he said, <q>for
+he has made the people of the Lord to transgress.</q>
+So they slew him. Then they made the soldiers
+stand before him. Four out of their number were
+Jews. These he commanded to be slain, after
+giving them the same grace that he had given to
+Menahem. To the others he said, <q>You have not
+sinned as these your fellows, for you were born in
+darkness. Take, therefore, your choice: depart,
+and take good heed not to fall into our hands again,
+for, if you so fall, you die without further mercy;
+or, if ye will, stay with us. Only you must follow our
+ways, so far as it is commanded that the stranger
+should follow them.</q> Half chose to depart, and
+half to stay.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>After this, Mattathias chose some of the young
+men to go as messengers to the villages round about,
+and carry the tidings of what had been done, and to
+say, <q>The Lord hath lifted up His ensign; gather
+yourselves together unto it.</q> Also he appointed a
+place where they should meet—that is to say,
+Michmash.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And when may we look for his <corr sic="(single quote)">coming?</corr></q> asked
+Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='147'/><anchor id='Pg147'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Doubtless he will come to-morrow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That night there was much rejoicing in the little
+colony. No one, indeed, deceived himself with the
+thought that he could look forward to easy and
+pleasant days. All knew perfectly well that a time
+of struggle and suffering was before them. But
+there was hope. The darkness had parted, and
+they saw a far-off gleam of light. At the least they
+would have the chance of striking a blow for their
+country and their God.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="12" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='148'/><anchor id='Pg148'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XII. The Patriot Army"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XII. The Patriot Army"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE PATRIOT ARMY.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Three days passed before Mattathias and his sons
+arrived; but when they came, they brought with
+them a considerable force. The news of the events
+at Modin had spread like wildfire through southern
+Judæa, and hundreds who had endured the rule of
+the heathen with ill-concealed impatience flocked to
+the standard of revolt. It was a strange array that
+might have been seen making its way up the mountain
+pass. A professional soldier would certainly at
+the first glance have thought meanly of its fighting
+capacities. Scarcely a score of the whole multitude
+was properly armed. Old weapons that had hung
+unused for a century or more had been taken down
+that they might strike another blow for the God of
+Israel. There had not been time to rub the rust from
+the sword-blades and the spear-heads, much less to
+hammer out upon the anvil the dents and notches
+left by the half-forgotten battles in which they had
+<pb n='149'/><anchor id='Pg149'/>last been used. But it was only a few who had even
+these antiquated weapons. Most of the fighting
+men were armed as their fathers had been under the
+domination of the Canaanites in the days of Barak,
+or of the Philistines in the days of Saul. They
+carried mattocks and hoes, pruning-hooks and
+reaping-hooks tied to the ends of poles, or stakes
+shod with iron or even only hardened in the fire.
+But a nearer inspection would have changed the
+contempt of the military critic into something like
+admiration. These men had all that goes to the
+making of the soldier except the arms, and this
+want, after all, is the easiest to be supplied. They
+had on their faces the set, stern look of those who
+are fighting for a cause, and that a cause very near
+to their hearts. There were old men among them;
+but most were in the full vigour of youth and manhood.
+A real leader of men would have preferred to
+be followed by them than by the most handsomely
+equipped army of mercenaries.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the head of the column walked the aged Mattathias.
+Two of his sons, John and Judas, were
+with him, the other two being busy with the multifarious
+duties which fell upon the leaders of a force
+as yet so imperfectly organized. The old man—he
+had passed the threescore years and ten which are
+more commonly the limit of human existence, among
+the short-lived races of the East than among ourselves—had
+been carried in a litter for part of the
+<pb n='150'/><anchor id='Pg150'/>way. This he had left at the entrance of the pass,
+being anxious not to give an impression of weakness.
+He now walked erect and with a firm step, his
+indomitable spirit supplying for the time all that
+was wanting in his physical strength. Nothing
+could be more enthusiastic than the reception which
+met him when he reached the little colony among
+the hills. He was the champion for whom they had
+been looking, and they received him as if he had
+been an <q>angel of God.</q> Azariah and Seraiah,
+who had been hitherto informal leaders, gladly
+resigned their power into his hands, and from
+thenceforwards acted under his orders.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There was indeed much to do. The little post in
+the mountains was now to become a fortress, garrisoned
+by an army which was already considerable
+in numbers, and which daily increased in strength.
+Faithful Jews from all parts of the country flocked
+to the place which seemed the last refuge of patriotism
+and faith. Nor were there wanting less respectable
+adherents. There was not a few men who, like
+Benjamin and Shallum, had followed a life in which
+right and wrong, good motives and bad, were
+curiously mixed up and confounded. They were
+divided between patriotism and robbery—divided, of
+course, in very varying proportions. None were
+quite blameless, and none were quite bad. The
+most unprincipled had lurking somewhere in his
+heart a real regard for his country, and, to say the
+<pb n='151'/><anchor id='Pg151'/>least, he found much more satisfaction in emptying
+the pockets of a heathen than in robbing his own
+people. The most honest, on the other hand, could
+not always guide his actions by any strict rule of
+integrity. He had to live, and if his enemies did
+not furnish him with the means, he must get them
+from his friends. Many of these men were genuinely
+attracted by the new movement, genuinely glad to
+lead a life which their consciences could heartily
+approve. Others found that their occupation was
+gone, and that they must enlist in the new patriot
+army or starve. The garrison thus gained a considerable
+number of recruits, but some of them were
+of a class that was likely to give no little trouble in
+the future.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In strong contrast with these doubtful adherents,
+and yet, in some respects, even more difficult to
+control, were the Chasidim—the <q>religious,</q>
+<q>mighty men and voluntarily devoted to the Law</q>—the
+spiritual ancestors of the Pharisees of a later
+time, but actuated by a zeal far more sincere than
+what could commonly be found in their degenerate
+descendants. Men braver it would not have been
+possible to find; their courage amounted to something
+like recklessness; but they were enthusiasts,
+and held their tenets with a tenacity that sometimes
+made discipline almost impossible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+An incident that occurred soon after the arrival of
+Mattathias and his sons exhibited these difficulties in
+<pb n='152'/><anchor id='Pg152'/>a striking way. The scene of it was the extreme right
+of the position, where Abiathar, one of the Chasidim,
+an able soldier but a most uncompromising zealot, was
+in chief command. The whole of the population had
+assembled to take part in a Sabbath service. They
+had listened to the great chapter in Deuteronomy
+which proclaims the blessings that will follow obedience,
+the curses that will fall on those who disobey.
+They had sung together that Psalm <q>for the Sons
+of Korah,</q> which tells of triumph and of shame, in
+which Israel now thanks Him who has saved them
+from their enemies and now complains that He has
+made them a reproach to their neighbours’ scorn,
+and a derision to them that are round about. And
+they were listening to a stirring exhortation to quit
+them like men and be strong, from the soldier-priest
+who was in chief command, when an alarm was
+raised that the enemy were at hand. Some of the
+younger men were on the point of running to fetch
+their weapons, for they were of course unarmed,
+when the stern voice of their leader called them
+back. <q>Have you so soon forgotten the blessing
+and the curse which the Lord your God hath set
+before you? Has He not commanded you to keep
+holy the Sabbath-day, and will you profane it by
+smiting with the sword?</q> They obeyed the command,
+though not without some murmurs from those
+who had not been thoroughly schooled in the stern
+tenets of the Chasidim. Meanwhile the enemy, a
+<pb n='153'/><anchor id='Pg153'/>strong force that had been sent out from the garrison
+at Jerusalem, had come up. A herald from the
+officer in command approached, and delivered a
+message in these terms:—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Philip the Governor, and Apollonius, captain of
+the King’s army, bid you come forth from your
+hiding-place and deliver yourselves up. Let your
+former transgressions against the King suffice, and
+do now according to his commandment. So will he
+have mercy upon you, and admit you to his grace.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The answer of the Jewish commander was brief
+and decisive: <q>We will not come forth, neither
+will we do according to the King’s commandment.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then followed one of the strangest scenes recorded
+in history. The peremptory refusal of the proffered
+terms was followed in a few minutes by a shower
+of missiles from the hostile force. The crowd at
+which they were aimed made no attempt at resistance,
+or even at escape. They fell where they stood,
+without lifting a hand, almost without uttering a
+cry. There is no greater trial of an army’s discipline
+than to make it stand and see its ranks thinned
+without being able to strike a blow in return. But
+the soldiers who endure this trial endure it in the
+hope of an hour that cannot be long delayed, when
+they shall reap the reward of their patience in an
+assured victory. The Chasidim who followed
+Abiathar had no such support in their endurance.
+They stood like sheep for the slaughter, strong men
+<pb n='154'/><anchor id='Pg154'/>as they were, and conscious that they could save
+themselves if they would. Not a stone did they
+throw in reply to the missiles that were showered
+upon them; and when the hostile ranks closed in,
+not till after some wondering delay, and began to
+finish the bloody work with their swords, they still
+held their ground with the same passive, unresisting
+courage.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To one man at least the sword of the heathen
+brought that day a welcome release from his troubles.
+Shallum, the wine-seller of Jerusalem, had been
+consumed with remorse for the part which he had
+taken on the day when he followed <q>Bacchus
+and his reeling train.</q> The words haunted his
+mind with maddening repetition. The stern doctrines
+of the Chasidim had exercised a singular
+attraction for him, and though, stained as he was
+with sins for which he could scarcely hope purification,
+he did not even propose to join their ranks, he
+was a diligent attendant at their services and an
+attentive listener to their teaching. This day he
+had stood on the outskirts of the crowd, hearing
+with a rapt attention the promises and denunciations
+of the Law, and listening to, though not daring to
+join in, the chanted psalms. <q>Perhaps,</q> he said to
+himself, <q>the sound of the holy music will rid me
+of that accursed Bacchic chant which rings for ever
+in my ears.</q> For a moment, when the massacre
+began, that love of life which even the most
+<pb n='155'/><anchor id='Pg155'/>miserable scarcely ever loses rose up strong in his
+heart. But he crushed it down. <q>I have transgressed
+too often,</q> he thought to himself, <q>the
+commandment of the Lord; let me obey it at least
+this once, though I die.</q> The next moment the
+stroke of a Greek sword levelled him to the ground,
+and the Bacchic chant vexed him no more.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Not a single man of all that company—so strong
+was the contagion of enthusiasm among them—made
+any effort to escape the fate that overtook his companions.
+Still there was left a survivor to carry to
+Mattathias the news, at once so terrible and so
+glorious, of that day’s doings. One of the men had
+been felled to the ground by the blow of a stone at
+the first discharge of the enemy’s missiles, and had
+been left for dead upon the field. When he came
+to himself, late in the night, he found himself the
+only living being among masses of the slain. His
+first duty was obviously to carry tidings of the events
+to the commander-in-chief, and he made his way to
+head-quarters as quickly as his enfeebled condition
+permitted.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mattathias saw that this question of the Sabbath
+must be settled at once, and, if the war was to be
+carried on with any prospect of success, settled on
+the side of freedom. He called a council in the early
+morning of the next day—the news had reached
+him about two hours after midnight. His five sons
+were present, as were Azariah, and Seraiah, with
+<pb n='156'/><anchor id='Pg156'/>others who held command in the patriot army. A
+long debate followed, for some of the Chasidim still
+clung to their rigid opinions, even in the face of
+the disaster which had happened, and the manifest
+probability, even certainty, of its happening again.
+They answered with stern iteration to each appeal
+that was made to them by the advocates of reason
+and moderation, <q>Thou shalt keep holy the Sabbath-day.</q>
+It was impossible to yield to them, and yet,
+such was their courage and devotion, almost equally
+impossible to break with them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mattathias, who presided at the assembly, had left
+the debate to other speakers, and had contented himself
+with keeping the peace between them, as far as
+he could. At last he rose and delivered his opinion.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Brethren,</q> he said, <q>let us take heed that we
+break not the Law while we seem to keep it. The
+Lord hath commanded us that we shall not work
+our own works or do our own pleasure upon His
+day. Shall we take occasion thereby to neglect His
+work and leave undone His pleasure? The heathen
+have come into His inheritance and devoured it.
+Shall we suffer them to usurp it for ever? Say, too,
+ye that will not stretch out a finger to save the
+people of the Lord from destruction because it is the
+Sabbath, do ye not reach out your hand to save a
+brother or a sister or a neighbour, yea, even a stranger
+upon that day, if it so chance that they be overtaken
+by some instant need? Nay, more; do ye not pull
+<pb n='157'/><anchor id='Pg157'/>out an ox or an ass, if it be fallen on that day into a
+pit? and will ye not pull out the Lord’s people from
+the pit which the malice of their enemies shall have
+digged for them? Listen, therefore, to my sentence.
+If the enemy come upon us upon the Sabbath we
+will beat him back, God helping. Nevertheless, if
+it may be so without damage to the Lord’s cause,
+we will not march against him on that day. If
+there be sin in this matter let it be upon me and my
+children.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And as he spoke the five young men, his sons,
+rose up in their places, and answered, <hi rend='italic'>Amen</hi>.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The decision was generally accepted and acted
+upon, though to the last some of the more determined
+of the Chasidim avoided, as far as was
+possible, all military action on the Sabbath.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The rule of Sabbath observance was, however,
+still very strictly kept. It was two or three days
+after the council described above had been held,
+when one of the half-bandit, half-patriot recruits
+was discovered busily employed in cleaning his
+armour on the Lord’s day. He was kept in confinement
+till sunset, when the Sabbath was considered to
+end; a council of war was hastily summoned to hear
+the case. The man pleaded the recent decision of
+Mattathias, which had, he said, relaxed the law of
+the Sabbath. It was answered to him that the
+cleaning of armour was no necessary work, and that
+the distinction must now be kept more strictly than
+<pb n='158'/><anchor id='Pg158'/>before, lest the people should fall into sin. He then
+urged that his offence was an error, and might be
+atoned for by a sin-offering.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Alas! my son,</q> said Mattathias, <q>the Temple
+is profaned; nor can there be any more either sin-offering
+or peace-offering till it be purified. You
+must bear your iniquity yourself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+John the soldier, who was unwilling that the army
+should lose one whose offence, after all, had only
+been an excess of military zeal, and Simon, whose
+gentle soul always was inclined to the milder course,
+voted for a lighter punishment than death, but they
+were overruled. Even Judas voted against them,
+knowing that such an army as theirs could only
+be held together by the bond of an enthusiastic faith.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Give the glory to God,</q> said the aged president
+of the Court, when he had communicated his sentence
+to the prisoner, <q>and take your death patiently,
+knowing that though you be judged according to men
+in the flesh, you shall live according to God in the
+spirit.</q> The man bowed his head in submission,
+and repeated the confession of faith, <q>Hear, O Israel,
+the Lord thy God is one Lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Lord bless thee, my son,</q> said Mattathias,
+<q>and take thee into Abraham’s bosom.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So the transgressor died. And they buried him
+under a heap of stones to which every passer-by
+made it his duty to add his tribute.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="13" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='159'/><anchor id='Pg159'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XIII. Guerilla Warfare in the Mountains"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XIII. Guerilla Warfare in the Mountains"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XIII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">GUERILLA WARFARE IN THE MOUNTAINS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Some weeks had necessarily to pass before the
+patriot army could assume the offensive. Some
+kind of drill was necessary, though Judas, who had
+the chief direction of military affairs, did not attempt
+to teach his men any elaborate manœuvres. But
+practice in sword-play and in shooting with the bow
+was diligently attended to. A corps of slingers was
+also formed under the command of one Sheba, a
+Benjamite, who possessed that skill with his weapon
+which was characteristic of his tribe. The sling was
+admirably suited to the kind of warfare which they
+would have to wage. As long as there were stones
+there would not be wanting missiles for the slings,
+while the supply of arrows would be likely to fall
+short, and could not easily be renewed. Meanwhile
+some rude anvils had been fitted up, and every one
+who could work as a smith was pressed into the
+service of repairing old arms or making new ones.
+<pb n='160'/><anchor id='Pg160'/>By degrees many of the fighting men obtained an
+equipment which, if not very handsome, was at least
+fairly effective. Some of the new arrivals, too, were
+old soldiers, and brought their arms with them.
+Jews who had enlisted in the armies of the various
+Asiatic kings flocked to the standard of independence,
+when once it had been set up. Even some of the
+well-paid mercenaries who formed the bodyguard of
+Antiochus were patriotic enough to prefer to their
+luxurious existence the privations of life among the
+mountains. It was a life which, at the least, they
+could lead without offence.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was winter when Mattathias and his sons
+reached the mountains; and with the first beginnings
+of spring the force under his command, now increased
+to a respectable strength, commenced active operations.
+These were extended over a considerable
+range of country to all the villages that had submitted
+to the edicts of the heathen rulers of the land.
+Even fortified towns, in several instances, were surprised,
+not, it may be guessed, without the connivance
+of the patriotic party within the walls. The idol
+altars which the King’s commissioners had set up
+were thrown down with every circumstance of
+indignity. All stores belonging to the usurping
+government were confiscated for the use of the
+national forces. But private property was respected.
+Arms, indeed, if they were likely to be useful, were
+taken, but always taken at a price.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='161'/><anchor id='Pg161'/>
+
+<p>
+Severe as was the discipline, it met with a
+cheerful submission from the men, so commanding
+was the influence exercised by their leaders. Conspicuous
+among them were, of course, the sons of
+Mattathias. All were favourites, but Judas and
+Simon took the lead. The strength, the skill, and
+the daring of the first were such that he was
+absolutely idolized by his troops. There was no
+task, however perilous, which they would not
+attempt under his guidance, for there was nothing
+which he did not seem capable of achieving. His
+physical strength was enormous; and his fertility
+of resource unfailing. He had always some new
+device for outwitting the enemy; and when the
+crisis of an undertaking arrived, if an attacking
+party were to be helped up some almost inaccessible
+height, a gate to be broken open by main force,
+or a pass to be held against overwhelming odds,
+Judas was always ready and always, it seemed,
+successful. Scarcely less honoured, though in a
+different way, was the prudence and kindliness of
+Simon. If Judas never failed in an attempt it
+was, in part at least, because Simon’s advice was
+so uniformly sagacious, because he could measure
+so exactly the means at their command. And when
+the fighting was over, no one could be more unwearying
+in his attentions to the wounded. The
+voice which rang so loud and clear through the din
+of battle was now soft and caressing, and the touch
+<pb n='162'/><anchor id='Pg162'/>of his hand was as gentle and tender as if it had
+been a woman’s.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Such leaders could do anything with their troops,
+even when they had to task their obedience by the
+infliction of punishment. Even such men as the
+ex-robber Benjamin felt what may be called the
+infection of discipline. He had accompanied one
+of the expeditions, in which a select force of patriots,
+after marching forty miles within twenty-four hours,
+surprised a squadron of Greek cavalry in one of the
+towns of Galilee. A short but sharp conflict took
+place in the square of the town, and Benjamin
+had borne himself with conspicuous courage. The
+struggle over, the soldiers had received entertainment,
+not in every case very willingly given, from
+the inhabitants of the town. Benjamin happened
+to be quartered upon a particularly churlish host,
+and resenting the coarse and scanty fare, so unsuited
+to the wealth apparent in all the fittings of
+the house, had revenged himself by abstracting a
+rich cloak belonging to his miserly entertainer.
+The article was stowed away on his own person,
+but the keen eye of one of the Chasidim officers
+espied it; the thief was denounced when the force
+had reached the encampment, and brought before
+the council, which was held under the presidency
+of Judas. The culprit pleaded in vain the shabby
+treatment which he had received. It was not for
+him, he was told, to take the law into his own
+<pb n='163'/><anchor id='Pg163'/>hands. When he urged that the man was a traitor
+to his country he was asked whether he had himself
+taken the cloak from patriotic motives. <q>Did
+you purpose,</q> said Judas, going to the point with
+characteristic directness, <q>to make this a common
+possession, or to take it for yourself?</q> Benjamin
+faltered under this searching question, and had
+no answer to give. Then Judas pronounced his
+sentence: <q>In old time he who had offended
+in this manner, as did Achan in the matter of the
+spoils of Jericho, died the death. These times are
+not equal to a justice so strict. But what the law
+enjoins that you will suffer. Were such sin as
+yours to go unpunished we could expect no blessing
+on our arms. We should become, not what we
+would be, the armies of the Lord, but a horde
+of robbers. You will receive forty stripes save one;
+if you offend again, you die.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Without a murmur the culprit bared his shoulders
+for the lash. When the whip had once fallen Judas
+stayed the executioner’s hand. <q>Benjamin,</q> he
+said, <q>you have done ill, but you have also done
+well. You saved from death our brother Seraiah
+as he lay wounded under the feet of the horsemen.
+For this good deed the rest of the punishment
+is remitted. Go, and sin no more.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seraiah indeed had been so seriously wounded that
+he had to be carried back to the camp on a litter
+rudely constructed of boards, and Ruth was now
+<pb n='164'/><anchor id='Pg164'/>nursing him in the cave which had been originally
+set apart for their dwelling, and which they still
+retained. It was a miserable abode, though it
+at least afforded shelter from the rain. Indeed
+the lot of the women and children in the patriot
+encampment was full of suffering. The men had
+the constant excitement of their warfare to cheer
+them, but the women had only to toil and to endure.
+In the day the drought consumed them, and the frost
+by night. They had none of the comforts of life.
+Their food was coarse in the extreme, and often
+very scanty. But, perhaps, their greatest trial was
+in the matter of clothes. The stock which they had
+brought with them from their homes was, for the
+most part, worn out, and it was only on rare occasions,
+when some property of the heathen fell into
+the hands of the patriots, that any part of it could
+be replenished. Sheepskins and goatskins dried in
+the sun were commonly used, what remained of
+their wardrobes being reserved for special occasions.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some time after the incident described above a
+serious trouble came upon Azariah. Miriam, his
+elder daughter, when she returned one day from her
+usual task of gathering herbs to eke out the family
+meal, complained of headache. It was evident
+that she was suffering from sunstroke. As the
+spring advanced the heat in some of the narrow
+mountain valleys became exceedingly oppressive,
+and the town-bred child felt it acutely. For some
+<pb n='165'/><anchor id='Pg165'/>days her life was in danger, all the greater because
+she had neither medical attendance nor skilful
+nursing. Ruth did all she could for the little
+sufferer, but then Ruth had her own husband to
+attend to, for, though recovering from his wound, he
+needed much care, and her child was still too young
+to be left alone. One or two visits in the day was
+all that she could give. For the most part the
+girl’s father was her nurse, the little Judith giving
+such help as she could. Love gave a lightness
+and tenderness to his touch, and supplied the place
+of skill in that marvellous way which is so often
+possible to love. Day after day, as he sat by the
+bedside, and watched his charge, the girl’s face,
+now pale and wasted, and aged as it was with
+suffering, reminded him more and more of his lost
+Hannah. He lived over the happy past that they
+had known before the evil days began, the time
+when their first acquaintance as youth and maiden
+had ripened into love, and the early years of their
+wedded life. Thus he began to live in a world
+of imagination, while the sordid circumstances of
+the present seemed to make no impression upon
+him, though he always retained a punctual recollection
+of the duties that belonged to his attendance
+upon the sick.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One day Ruth had come in to pay the daily visit
+for which, however engrossing her own occupations,
+she always contrived to find an opportunity. The
+<pb n='166'/><anchor id='Pg166'/>patient was in a sound sleep, with the little Judith
+for her sole attendant, Azariah having received an
+urgent summons to attend a council of war, in
+which some subject with which he was especially
+acquainted was to be discussed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a few minutes Azariah returned, but without
+any of the signs of agitation or haste that might be
+expected from one hurrying back to the performance
+of a duty that he had been compelled to neglect.
+His sister wondered to see him so calm, and she
+was still more surprised when he went on to say—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How like the child is growing to my dear
+Hannah!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth had often thought the same, but had not
+ventured to say so, for Azariah had never mentioned
+his dead wife.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes,</q> she answered, <q>I have often thought so.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have had some happy times of late. Before
+I could not get out of my mind the dreadful sight
+of her face when I last saw it.</q> He paused for a
+moment, overpowered by the recollection, but soon
+resumed in a cheerful voice: <q>But now in this
+dear child I seem to see her as she was in those
+happy Bethlehem days before our marriage, and
+again in the still happier time we had together in
+Jerusalem.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But does it not trouble you to leave the child
+alone?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, sister, she is not alone. Nor do I speak of
+<pb n='167'/><anchor id='Pg167'/>our dear little Judith here.</q> And he stroked the
+little girl’s head, and bade her go and play outside,
+but be careful not to go into the sun.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Believe me,</q> he went on, <q>that when I am not
+here, Miriam’s angel is with her. Perhaps you will
+think me mad when I say that I have seen, and that
+not once or twice only, the flash of white garments
+vanishing in the darkness as I came into the cave.
+And last night, as I sat here, dreaming, it may be,
+but certainly seeing everything in the cave as
+plainly as I see it this moment, the angel came with
+the little babe—our little David that my Hannah
+took with her to Paradise—to kiss his sick sister.
+And when Miriam awoke about an hour after dawn,
+the fever had left her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At this moment the girl opened her eyes. <q>Oh,
+father,</q> she cried, <q>did you indeed see little brother
+last night?—for I saw him too; but I did not see that
+an angel was carrying him. He seemed to be in
+the air somehow, with no one holding him up. And
+he had beautiful white clothes—not these nasty
+sheepskins and goatskins that we have to wear—and
+he stretched out his hands to me, and kissed me,
+and I felt that moment as if that dreadful burning
+had gone out of me. And oh! there was such a
+wonderful look upon his face. It was just like the
+look on dear mother’s face that evening when the
+sun was just setting, and you took little brother
+up in your arms, and said his name was David.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='168'/><anchor id='Pg168'/>
+
+<p>
+Ruth could only listen to such talk with wonder
+and awe. But she went back to her husband and
+child with a lighter heart than she had borne for
+many days.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But a trouble was at hand which, though it had
+been for some time foreseen, was great enough to
+make private sorrows and anxieties seem inconsiderable.
+It was reported through the encampment
+that Mattathias, the father of his people, was
+dying.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The old man’s health had been failing for some
+time. The hardships of his new life had told
+grievously upon it, all the more that he refused
+the exemption from labour which his age required.
+He had ceased to accompany the expeditions because
+he found that his presence hampered the movements
+of younger and stronger men, but the management
+of the multifarious affairs of the encampment—the
+home administration, as it may be called,
+of the patriotic movement—he kept in his own hands.
+Early and late he busied himself in this work, and
+before many weeks were past his labours wore him
+out.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was well aware that the end had come, and
+that all that remained for him to do was to appoint
+a successor who should accomplish, or at least carry
+on—for he did not deceive himself as to the difficulty
+of the work—the task which he had commenced.
+All the leaders were summoned to his
+<pb n='169'/><anchor id='Pg169'/>presence, the wounded Seraiah, for whose capacity
+and serene courage the old chief had a high regard,
+being carried thither on a litter. The old man was
+propped in his bed on cushions, the difficulty of
+breathing making it impossible for him to lie down.
+On either side stood his five sons, John, the eldest,
+being at his right hand, with Eleazar and Jonathan
+near him, while Simon and Judas were on the left.
+A physician, the solitary professor of the healing art
+that the camp possessed, sat by the bed’s foot, with
+a cup of some cordial in his hand.
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>The Last Charge of Mattathias.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_187"/><figure url="images/i_187.jpg" rend="w100">
+<index index="fig" level1="The Last Charge of Mattathias"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>The Last Charge of Mattathias.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>The Last Charge of Mattathias</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<p>
+The old man began by laying his hand on John’s
+head. <q>My son,</q> he said, <q>for your loyalty and
+faithful obedience I thank the Lord that gave me so
+excellent a son for my first-born. You know what it
+is in my mind to do with respect to the succession
+of my work, and I am assured that you approve.
+But for the sake of those that stand by,</q>—and he
+pointed to the assembled chiefs—<q>I solemnly declare
+that for no defect of courage or honesty I pass you
+by. And say if you are content to leave it according
+to what seems best to my judgment.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Father,</q> said the faithful John, <q>I am content.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Simon beckoned to the physician, who handed
+the cup of cordial to the dying man. He swallowed
+a few drops, and then went on:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Hear, my friends and brethren. In the distribution
+of my worldly goods I follow custom and
+law. The inheritance of my fathers I give to my
+<pb n='170'/><anchor id='Pg170'/>eldest born, according to the custom of the birthright;
+and I direct that the younger shall have such
+portions as are due to them. But I have that to
+give which has been entrusted to me of the Lord,
+and with which I must deal according to His
+pleasure, so far as it is given to me to know it.
+Simon, I will that thou be the father of the people.
+Care for them as for thy children. Do justice
+between man and man. Strive to the utmost that
+they keep the Law of the Lord their God. He has
+given thee prudence and discernment and knowledge
+of the customs of our fathers. See that thou use
+these things for the glory of the Lord and the good
+of the people. Judas, I will that thou be captain
+of the host. Be stout and of a good courage,
+and the Lord shall fight on thy side, and give thee
+the victory. The end is not yet, and maybe thou
+wilt not see it with thine eyes; but, though it tarry,
+wait for it. <q>For they that go on their way weeping,
+bearing precious seed, shall doubtless come again
+with joy, and bring their sheaves with them.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He then addressed a few words to the two other
+sons, words of mingled encouragement and advice.
+This done he stretched out his hands, and, with a
+voice of surprising firmness in one so weak, blessed
+the whole assembly, repeated the usual profession
+of an Israelite’s faith, and then drew his last breath
+without a struggle.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="14" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='171'/><anchor id='Pg171'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XIV. The Burial of Mattathias"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XIV. The Burial of Mattathias"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XIV.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE BURIAL OF MATTATHIAS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Judas and his brothers sat late into the night consulting
+about a daring scheme which the new
+captain of the host proposed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It would be an unseemly thing,</q> he said, <q>that
+Mattathias, the son of Asmon, should be thrust into
+a hole among the rocks as if he were an outcast or
+a robber. Verily we will bury him with his fathers
+in the sepulchre of Asmon.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>’Twill be no easy matter to contrive,</q> said
+Jonathan, the man of many devices. <q>The sepulchre
+is hard by the town, and we can scarcely avoid
+the eyes of the people in coming and going.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, Jonathan, I have no purpose of doing the
+thing in secret. It would not be well to bury my
+father by stealth in his own sepulchre. It shall be
+done openly, and before the eyes of men.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The brothers, bold men as they were, were
+aston<pb n='172'/><anchor id='Pg172'/>ished at the hardihood of the plan. But their
+respect for the genius of Judas silenced any opposition.
+And then he had never failed in any enterprise.
+John was the first to speak.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>’Tis well thought of, Judas. Lead the way, and
+I follow;</q> and he clasped his brother’s hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The captain then developed his plan, which,
+when examined, seemed less audacious than it had
+appeared at first sight. It was to be a surprise,
+and the very unlikelihood of the attempt made its
+success more probable. Modin was not occupied by
+a garrison, and the townsfolk, even if their goodwill
+could not be counted on, would scarcely venture to
+resist. Only it would be necessary to act before any
+rumour of their intention could get about, and, the
+funeral march once begun, to hasten it to a completion
+as much as possible.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The body was at once preserved against decay as
+far as the scanty means at the command of the
+patriots would allow. Then word was sent through
+the encampment that all who wished to take their
+last look at the dead hero must come at once. For
+three hours a constant stream of awestruck and
+weeping visitors passed through the tent in which he
+lay, attired in his priestly garb, the long white beard
+reaching almost to his waist, his wasted features
+settled into the majestic repose of death. Every
+visitor as he entered loosed his sandals from his feet,
+feeling that the place which he was entering was
+<pb n='173'/><anchor id='Pg173'/>holy ground. Every one, as he took his last look on
+the hero’s face, prayed to the God of his fathers that
+his last end might be like his. Women brought
+their children that they might kiss the hem of his
+garment. It would be a distinction to them in their
+old age that they had been privileged to pay this
+honour to Mattathias, the son of Asmon.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Before dawn the procession started. The body, in
+its rude coffin of wood, was placed upon a bier,
+thirty bearers taking it in turns to carry it. The
+thirty were divided into five relays of six, one of the
+sons of the dead being always among those who
+performed the duty. With the exception of a small
+force which was left for the protection of the women
+and children, all the fighting men of the settlement
+accompanied the body. In spite of the efforts
+which had been made to procure or manufacture
+arms, they were still but poorly equipped. Of
+military display, of the <q>pomp and circumstance
+of glorious war,</q> there was absolutely nothing.
+But the solid qualities of endurance and courage
+could be seen in their sinewy forms and resolute
+faces. To an observer who could look below the
+surface that squalid array had in it the capacity for
+achieving an heroic success.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas had been quite right in predicting that the
+expedition would meet with little or no opposition.
+Its march, indeed, was absolutely unmolested by the
+enemy. The movement was wholly unexpected, and
+<pb n='174'/><anchor id='Pg174'/>consequently no force had been collected to hinder
+it; while the garrisons of the two or three fortified
+places which the army passed on its route did not
+feel themselves strong enough to attempt any attack.
+Already, though as yet no pitched battle had been
+fought, these Jewish <q>Ironsides</q> had inspired their
+enemies with a wholesome dread of their prowess.
+Both Greeks and renegades knew that these
+ragged, ill-armed mountaineers stood as stoutly
+and plied their swords as fiercely as any soldiers
+in the world.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+No incident occurred in the course of the march
+save one, which, though little thought of at the
+time, was destined to lead to events of considerable
+importance. When the first halt was called, Benjamin,
+who was a well-known personage in the neighbourhood,
+and who in spite, perhaps in consequence,
+of his antecedents enjoyed not a little popularity,
+found entertainment in the house of an old acquaintance.
+The man was a farmer, who had been accustomed
+to make a handsome profit by supplying
+the bandits with useful information. Recognizing
+his old accomplice in the ranks of the patriot army,
+he invited him into his house, and entertained him
+with his best. Unfortunately this best happened to
+be some salted swine’s flesh. Benjamin had some
+scruple about eating it; but it was not strong
+enough to resist the claims of a ravenous hunger,
+supported as they were by his entertainer’s ridicule.
+<pb n='175'/><anchor id='Pg175'/>The meal was washed down by the contents of two
+or three flasks of potent wine, and the friends were
+so busily occupied with discussing these, and with
+talking over old times, that the signal for assembly
+passed unnoticed. Then followed a search for
+stragglers, and Benjamin was discovered with the
+fragments of his meal before him; and though his
+hunger had stripped the bones bare enough, no one
+could doubt what was the animal to which they had
+belonged.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The offender had been caught, so to speak, red-handed,
+and some voices were raised to demand his
+instant execution. But the officer in command of
+the detachment interposed. In any case he would
+have objected to a proceeding of which Judas would
+certainly have disapproved, and he had besides a
+certain kindness for Benjamin, of whose courage and
+dexterity he had been more than once a witness.
+Accordingly the offender was put under close arrest,
+and the army resumed its march.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin had no need to be told that he was in
+very serious danger. The Chasidim, at least, would
+be more ready to overlook fifty thefts than one transgression
+in the matter of unclean food; and he felt
+sure that if he could not contrive to escape before
+the army returned to the encampment, possibly
+before they reached Modin, his days were numbered.
+While he was meditating on the chances of escape,
+one of the escort, an associate of former days, was
+<pb n='176'/><anchor id='Pg176'/>thinking how he could help him. Happening to be
+in front of the prisoner, he purposely stumbled and
+fell. The prisoner fell over him, and in the confusion
+the soldier cut the cords that bound Benjamin’s
+hands. The prisoner was not a man to lose such an
+opportunity. Waiting till he reached a convenient
+spot on the march, he shook off his bonds, sprang
+to the side of the road, and, before his keepers could
+recover from their astonishment, was lost to sight
+in the woods which bordered it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the army reached Modin no attempt was
+made to interfere with its proceedings. Our old
+acquaintance, Cleon, had been sent to replace the
+commissioner killed when Mattathias raised the
+standard of revolt, and Cleon was far too careful of
+himself to risk his safety in any foolhardy struggle
+against superior strength. When the body of armed
+men was first seen approaching the town, he had
+supposed that its object was to possess itself of any
+money, arms, or provisions that might be found in
+the place. A nearer view showed the funeral procession,
+and one of the townspeople was acute
+enough to guess the real purpose of the expedition.
+Cleon’s resolve was at once taken. He would make
+the best of circumstances which he could not control.
+Accordingly he went out of the town with a
+flag of truce in his hand, and meeting the vanguard
+of the approaching array, demanded an interview
+with its leader.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='177'/><anchor id='Pg177'/>
+
+<p>
+He was brought into the presence of Judas.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>May I ask,</q> he said, <q>the purpose of your
+coming?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We are come to bury Mattathias, son of Asmon,
+in the sepulchre of his fathers,</q> was the brief
+reply.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you, sir,</q> continued the Greek, with
+elaborate courtesy, <q>may I ask to whom I am
+speaking?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am Judas, son of Mattathias.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Allow me, then,</q> answered Cleon, <q>to express
+my sympathy with you in the loss of so renowned a
+father, once, I believe, a distinguished citizen of this
+place, and to assure you that you will meet with no
+molestation in whatever honours you may see fit to
+render to his memory. I would myself willingly
+attend the obsequies, did I suppose that my presence
+would be welcome.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We thank you, sir,</q> said Judas, who was inwardly
+chafing at this hypocritical politeness, but
+disdained to show his feelings; <q>we would sooner
+be alone.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon saluted and withdrew.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The funeral ceremonies were performed with an
+impressive solemnity. The stone which closed the
+entrance to the family tomb of the house of Asmon
+had been rolled away, and the dead body was placed
+in the niche which had been long ago prepared for
+its reception. Only the sons of Mattathias and a few
+<pb n='178'/><anchor id='Pg178'/>of their best trusted counsellors and lieutenants
+entered the cave; the rest of the multitude stood
+without, waiting in profound silence till they should
+be told that the old warrior had been laid in his last
+resting-place.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the cave had been closed again John, as
+the eldest son of the deceased, spoke a few words to
+the army.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We have buried our dead,</q> he said, <q>out of our
+sight; but his memory lives and will live among us.
+Let us be true and faithful as he was, that we may
+be with him when he shall rise again at the last day,
+and sit down with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob at the
+supper of the people of God. Meanwhile let us
+follow and obey him whom with his last breath he
+named as his successor. Long live Judas, son of
+Mattathias, son of Asmon, the captain of the host
+of the Lord!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And all the army shouted their approval.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Cleon had followed up his courtesies by an invitation
+addressed to Judas and his principal officers, in
+which he begged the honour of their company at a
+meal. Judas declined the invitation, but intimated
+that he would gladly purchase a supply of corn.
+The commissioner, well aware that his guests could
+take by force anything that was refused to them, at
+once acceded to the request, and Micah was selected,
+on account of his familiarity with the Greek language,
+to conduct the transaction.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='179'/><anchor id='Pg179'/>
+
+<p>
+The details of the business arranged with the
+commissioner’s secretary, Micah received a message
+from the great man himself, begging for the pleasure
+of an interview.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What!</q> cried Cleon, affecting a surprise which
+he did not really feel, <q>is this my old friend
+Menander whom I see?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My name is Micah,</q> said the Jew, not without a
+feeling of disgust and shame as his mind reverted
+to the past.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As you please,</q> said Cleon. <q>By whatever
+name you may please to call yourself, I hope that we
+shall always be good friends. But tell me, what is
+the meaning of this disguise?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know not what you mean by disguise.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I mean these rags, which a scarecrow would
+hardly condescend to wear; that battered helmet,
+which looks as if the boys had been kicking it for
+a month about the market-place; that deplorably
+shabby sword, which even a rag-and-bone man
+would be ashamed to hang up in his shop. Is this
+the elegant Menander—I beg your pardon, the
+elegant Micah, who was once the very pink of
+neatness and fashion?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As for my past follies, you may laugh at them
+as you will, nor can I deny that you are in the right.
+But of these rags, as you are pleased to call them,
+of these shabby arms, I am not ashamed. I have
+come to myself. The things that I once prized I
+<pb n='180'/><anchor id='Pg180'/>count as dung, and for that which I once despised
+I would gladly die.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Why, what madness is this? What have you
+got to live for? How can you support existence
+among this deplorable crew of beggars and outlaws,
+with not a man among them, I will warrant, who
+has the least taste of culture, or the faintest tincture
+of art?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>These <q>beggars and outlaws,</q> as you call them,
+are the soldiers of the Lord; and you will find that
+they are enemies not to be despised, that these
+battered helmets can turn a blow, and these jagged
+swords can deal one that will make its way through
+all your finery.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But, my dear friend—I may call you so, I
+suppose, in spite of any little difference of opinion
+there may be between us?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Jew made no motion of assent.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, you cannot be deceiving yourself as to the
+utter hopelessness of your attempt. Why, when
+you come to meet our troops in regular battle, you
+will disappear like chaff before the wind. You may
+take a few places by surprise, but you have no more
+chance of winning a regular victory than a dove has
+of killing a kite. Come now, be reasonable; give
+up this silly affair, and be my guest, till we can find
+something suitable for you to do. I will set you up
+with some new clothes, to which you are perfectly
+welcome. And I will warrant that in a few days
+<pb n='181'/><anchor id='Pg181'/>you will be wondering that you were ever foolish
+enough to undertake such a wildgoose business as
+this.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Your gifts be to yourself. Nay, Cleon,</q> he soon
+went on to say, in a softer tone, <q>I would not speak
+harshly to you for the sake of old kindnesses which
+I doubt not you meant well in showing me. But be
+sure that I am in earnest. The old things are hateful
+to me. I have other desires, other hopes; and
+if they are not satisfied, not fulfilled, I can at least
+die for them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Die for them, indeed! <hi rend='italic'>That</hi>, my dear Micah, is
+only too likely, and die, I am afraid, in an exceedingly
+unpleasant way. It is simple madness to
+suppose that a crowd of ragamuffins, under a
+general—Apollo save the mark!—who has never seen
+a battle, can stand against the troops of the King.
+You used to be a very good fellow, Menander or
+Micah, or whatever you call yourself, but, as sure as
+you are sitting there, if you go on in this mad
+fashion, I shall have the pain of seeing you some
+day hanging on a cross.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At the sound of the word the young Jew started
+as if he had been stabbed. It opened the way for a
+flood of memories which, for a while, carried him out
+of himself. When he could command himself sufficiently
+to speak, he burst out—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes—hanging on a cross! Nothing more likely
+if only you and your friends get their way. You talk
+<pb n='182'/><anchor id='Pg182'/>of taste, and art, and beauty: you have always
+plenty of fine words on your tongues, but when
+it comes to practice you are as brutal as the
+fiercest of the savages whom you profess to despise—nay,
+you are ten times worse, for you know what
+you are doing. Now, listen to me, Cleon. Some
+six months ago I was walking through Jerusalem
+after your teachers of culture and art had been busy
+giving their lessons. What think you I saw? I saw
+a woman hanging on a cross, and her little son, a
+babe of a few days old, fastened about her neck.
+Thank God they were dead. Some one of your
+people had in mercy—for you are not altogether
+without mercy—strangled her before they fastened
+her to the cross. And what was her offence? Was
+she unchaste, a thief, a murderer? Not so; no
+purer, gentler soul ever lived on the earth. No, she
+had done for her son as her fathers for a thousand
+years and more had done for their sons. And this
+was how your prophets of refinement and beauty
+dealt with her. Cleon, that woman was my sister.
+Do you think that such deeds as that will go unpunished?
+Surely not; whether your faith—if you
+have a faith—or mine be true, there is a vengeance
+that follows—slow, it may be, but sure of foot—the
+men who work such wickedness. And, for my
+part, I doubt not who the first minister of that
+vengeance will be. You sneer at our general; he
+is no general at all, you think; a mere leader of
+<pb n='183'/><anchor id='Pg183'/>vagabonds, who has never seen a battle. He will
+see many a battle, yea, and the back of many a foe,
+before his work is done. He is a very Hammer of
+God, and he will break his enemies to pieces. And
+now, Cleon, hearken again to me. You and I have
+broken bread together as friends. That is past for
+ever. May the God of my fathers send down upon
+me all the plagues that He holds in the vials of
+His wrath, if I have any truce with the enemies of
+His people! But with you, as I would not join
+hands in friendship, so I would not cross them in
+anger. Pray, therefore, to your gods, as I will certainly
+pray to Him whom I worship, that we may
+never see each other again. And now farewell!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The expedition returned to the mountains without
+mishap.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="15" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='184'/><anchor id='Pg184'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XV. The Sword of Apollonius"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XV. The Sword of Apollonius"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XV.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE SWORD OF APOLLONIUS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The daring action of Judas at Modin was a defiance
+to the rulers at Jerusalem, and felt to be so, not only
+by them, but by the whole country. It was followed
+up by active operations on the part of the patriots
+against the smaller towns of south-eastern Palestine.
+The population began to feel that it was safer
+to be on the side of the patriots than against them.
+Thanks to this feeling, to the genuine favour with
+which the movement was regarded, and to the perfect
+system of scouts which he had organized, Judas
+had early and trustworthy information of all the
+movements of the enemy. Apollonius had made up
+his mind that he must act if he was not to lose
+entirely his hold upon the country, and set about
+organizing a force so overwhelmingly strong that it
+must, he thought, sweep the insurgents before it.
+This intention, and indeed, it may almost be said,
+every detail of his preparations, was communicated
+to Judas. He, on his part, was determined that a
+<pb n='185'/><anchor id='Pg185'/>heathen army should never again invade the mountain
+sanctuary. He would not await attack. His
+military instincts, which, indeed, were extraordinarily
+fine and true, warned him that boldness was now his
+best policy, and that he should go down and give
+battle to the enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was on the eve of the departure of the patriot
+army, when Seraiah might have been seen making
+his way back from a conference of the chiefs to the
+cave which served him as a dwelling. He was now
+recovering from his wound, but he was still too weak
+to support the fatigues of a march. Accordingly
+Judas had left him in command of the little garrison,
+scarcely, indeed, containing one able-bodied man,
+which was to protect the encampment. When he
+reached his home he found his nieces, Miriam and
+Judith, sitting with his wife, and watching the infant
+that was slumbering by her side.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>See,</q> said Judith, as the child smiled in his
+sleep, <q>his angel is whispering to him. Oh, uncle,
+have you ever seen the angel?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She prattled on without waiting for an answer.
+<q>Father sees angels, and they bring him words from
+mother, where she is in Paradise. And, do you
+know, uncle, last night he had a wonderful dream
+about a sword? He told it to us this morning. He
+often tells us his dreams. Sometimes he seems as if
+he were talking to mother; and he says that Miriam
+is so like her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='186'/><anchor id='Pg186'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, Judith, and what was the dream?</q> said
+Ruth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Father saw a mighty angel—one of the cherubim,
+you know, that father says God sends abroad to do
+His errands—come flying down, and the angel had
+in his hand a great sword. And he stood by father’s
+bed, and showed him a name graven on the blade—it
+was the name which we may not speak, though it
+is part of father’s name<note place="foot">Azariah, holpen of Jehovah.</note>—and when he had done this
+he put the hilt in his hand and departed. Then
+father awoke, and found only his own old sword in
+his hand; and this, you know, is so hacked that it is
+not of much use, and is very weak, too, in the
+handle. Father never sleeps without it, and he
+must have drawn it out in his sleep, without knowing
+it, from under the pillow where he keeps it. But he
+says the dream will certainly come true. And now,
+Miriam,</q> she went on, turning to her sister, for the
+little maiden was of the true housewife temper, <q>we
+must be going back to get father’s dinner ready for
+him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When they were left alone Seraiah said to Ruth,
+<q>It is as I feared—I am to stay behind.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth felt a thrill of joy go through her, but was
+too wise a woman to show it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Old Reuben will not hear of my going. He
+says that I should be more hindrance than help, and
+perhaps he is right. The Lord’s will be done,
+<pb n='187'/><anchor id='Pg187'/>though I would fain have struck a blow in the battle
+that is to decide; for I am sure that as this battle
+goes, so will the end be. But I am to be in
+command of the garrison here.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And you will not mind taking care of the women
+and children, dear husband?</q> said Ruth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I should be ungrateful indeed if I did,</q> said
+Seraiah, as he kissed her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the excitement in the camp had risen
+to fever heat. Scouts had come racing in at headlong
+speed with tidings that the enemy’s army had
+started from Jerusalem, and that it numbered not
+less than twelve thousand regular troops, well-equipped,
+and furnished with a formidable supply
+of the engines of war. The patriots were in that
+state of exaltation in which men make little of the
+numbers opposed to them, and the disparity of forces
+roused no apprehensions. If any such were felt
+they gave way to rage when the messengers added
+that the hated Apollonius himself was in command
+of the hostile army.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah and Micah were among a small company
+of chiefs who were standing outside the tent of
+Judas, and were discussing the prospects of the war.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The curse of God light upon him!</q> cried
+Azariah. <q>Surely He will so order it that I may
+smite him down on the field of battle, and avenge
+the innocent blood! Surely the blood of my wife
+and my child cries against him from the earth!</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='188'/><anchor id='Pg188'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, brother,</q> broke in Micah, <q>the task of the
+avenger of blood lies upon me, for I am next-of-kin
+to Hannah.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Surely,</q> replied Azariah, with some heat, <q>there
+is no kinship so close as the tie which binds husband
+to wife! ’Tis I that should be Hannah’s avenger of
+blood.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My brothers,</q> broke in the voice of Judas, who
+appeared in the door of his tent, <q>you think too
+much of your private wrongs. Great they are, I
+know—none greater. But is there one soldier in
+this army that has not lost wife, or child, or father,
+or brother by the hand of this evil man? We will
+go, one and all, as avengers of blood, and the Lord
+will deliver him into the hands of him whom He
+shall choose.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Next day the army set out. On the evening of the
+second day they came in sight of the forces of Apollonius.
+Some of the more fiery spirits were for an
+instant attack, but the prudence of Judas, which
+was not less conspicuous than his daring, restrained
+them. His men were wearied with a long day’s
+march, and they wanted food. And he himself had
+not had time to reconnoitre the enemy’s position or
+receive any intelligence from his scouts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Early next day the battle began. In one sense
+Judas was greatly overmatched. The enemy were
+superior in numbers—almost in the proportion of four
+to one—and in equipment. But, on the other hand,
+<pb n='189'/><anchor id='Pg189'/>the Hebrew leader could rely implicitly on his
+soldiers. Anything that mortal man, inspired by
+zeal and the burning sense of wrong, could achieve,
+they might be trusted to do. To such a temper,
+of course, the policy of attack is best suited.
+Judas massed his best troops on his right wing,
+which happened to be opposed to what his eagle eye
+discerned to be the weakest part of the enemy’s
+line. Apollonius saw his intention, and commenced
+a movement of troops which was designed to
+strengthen the weak point in his array. But such
+a movement in the face of a hostile force cannot be
+carried out without confusion. Judas saw his opportunity,
+ordered his men to advance at the double,
+and closed fiercely with the foe.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Greek line broke almost at once, and the
+chief danger now was that the conquerors might
+press on too eagerly. The Greeks were not an undisciplined
+mob which could be treated with contempt.
+Some of them, at least, were veteran soldiers, in
+whom the sense of discipline was an instinct, and
+who, if not very enthusiastic in the cause for which
+they were fighting, were perfectly well aware that
+their best chance of personal safety was to be found
+in keeping together and holding their ground. Judas,
+in whom native genius seemed to supply the want of
+experience, appreciated the enemy with whom he had
+to deal, and kept his own men well in hand, though
+he was careful not unduly to check their courage.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='190'/><anchor id='Pg190'/>
+
+<p>
+The fortune of the day continued to declare in
+favour of the patriots; but Apollonius himself, surrounded
+by a picked force of mercenaries, still held
+his ground. Shortly after noon Azariah and Micah,
+who had kept close together during the battle, and
+had both performed prodigies of valour, gathering a
+company of their immediate followers, made a determined
+rush in his direction. The bodyguard, terrified
+by the fierceness of this onset, wavered and fled,
+leaving but three or four faithful attendants, who
+refused to leave their commander.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Greek recognized Azariah, and called to him
+by his name. <q>Azariah, if you think that I have
+wronged you, I do not refuse you the opportunity of
+revenge. Come out from your companions, and I
+will meet you alone. You are a brave man, and
+would not take a soldier at unfair odds.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah did not deign to answer; but one of his
+comrades replied, <q>Dog of a heathen! you forget
+where you are. We are not contending in your
+foolish games: we are the avengers of blood—the
+innocent blood which you have shed; and we will
+slay you as men slay a venomous snake. Such
+equity as you have dealt to others, we will show to
+you. Was it in fair fight that you slew women and
+children?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Apollonius looked on the ring of scowling faces
+that surrounded him, and saw that there was no
+mercy or even what he would have called the
+<pb n='191'/><anchor id='Pg191'/>courtesy of war to be hoped from them. <q>I only
+wish,</q> he said, <q>that I had rooted out the whole
+cursed brood from the earth, and burnt the den of
+thieves which you call your city, and laid the shrine
+of the demon whom you call your God level with the
+ground!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Silence, blasphemer!</q> cried Azariah, as he
+whirled his sword over his head.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was not the almost worthless weapon, with its
+dented edge and broken hilt, that he had carried into
+the battle. Early in the day he had cut down a
+Greek officer, and taken the sword of the dead man
+in exchange for his own.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As he spoke he beckoned to his countrymen.
+They stood back, even Micah recognizing the right
+of the husband to strike the first blow at the murderer
+of his wife.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Apollonius raised his sword to parry the stroke
+which he expected to be aimed at his head. With
+a rapid change of movement his adversary changed
+the blow into a thrust, and drove the point of his
+weapon through the Greek’s heart.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah was drawing out his weapon from the
+corpse, when Judas, who had been hastening to the
+spot not without some hope of himself crossing
+swords with the hated Apollonius, came up.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A mighty weapon that!</q> he exclaimed, as the
+conqueror wiped the blade on the dead man’s tunic.
+<q>Let me take it in my hands.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='192'/><anchor id='Pg192'/>
+
+<p>
+He poised it and judged its balance, tried the
+edge, and then narrowly scanned the markings on
+the blade.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah!</q> said he, <q>how came you by this sword?
+I had observed</q>—and indeed his eagle eye noted
+every detail—<q>that yours was but a poor weapon,
+unworthy of your strength, and I wished to find
+something better for you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah told him how he had taken it from a
+Greek on the field of battle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And saw you this?</q> he went on, pointing to the
+Holy Name which had been engraved on the blade.
+<q>Doubtless this belonged to some Hebrew warrior
+in time past, for the fashion of the letters is somewhat
+antique; the heathen whom you slew had
+taken it, and now the Lord has given it back into
+the hands of the faithful.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah then related his dream.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The angel whom you saw,</q> said Judas, <q>was,
+doubtless, the angel of battle, and the Lord has been
+faithful, as ever, to His promise.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He gave back the consecrated sword to Azariah,
+and took the weapon which was still grasped in the
+right hand of the dead Apollonius. <q>With this,</q>
+he said, <q>I will fight as long as I live.</q> And he
+broke out into the triumphal chant of the Psalmist—<q>The
+ungodly have drawn out the sword, and have
+bent the bow to cast down the poor and needy.
+Their sword shall go through their own heart and
+their bow shall be broken.</q>
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>The Sword of Apollonius.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_213"/><figure url="images/i_213.jpg" rend="w80">
+<index index="fig" level1="The Sword of Apollonius"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>The Sword of Apollonius.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>The Sword of Apollonius</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+</div><div type="chapter" n="16" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='193'/><anchor id='Pg193'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XVI. News from the Battle-Field"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XVI. News from the Battle-Field"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XVI.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">NEWS FROM THE BATTLE-FIELD.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+While the patriots, bivouacking on the field of
+battle, slept the sound sleep of those who have
+fought a good fight, the women, left, with the
+children and the sick, in charge of a small guard,
+only strong enough to protect them against casual
+robbers, felt the most intense anxiety. Ruth in
+her cave, with the children slumbering by her
+side, watched through the night, listening intently
+to every sound. At one time she could hear
+the bats which haunted the rocks flapping and
+fluttering as they went out to take their flights
+in the night air. Then from farther away came
+the moaning of the jackals, as they hunted for their
+prey, with now and then the deeper note of a wolf,
+or the sound, so strangely like to mocking laughter,
+of the hooting owls. Everything at that moment
+seemed very dark and hopeless to the anxious
+wife.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='194'/><anchor id='Pg194'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>’Tis everywhere the same,</q> she thought to herself—<q>the
+stronger hunt and devour the weak. The
+lions roaring after their prey, do seek their meat
+from God. The lambs and the fawns are their prey,
+and God gives the helpless, innocent things into
+their jaws. And will he give us to the jaws of the
+heathen who are hunting us that they may devour
+us? Did He deliver the thousand who died that
+they might not profane His Sabbath? Not so. He
+suffered them to perish, to be a prey for the beasts
+of the field and the fowls of the air. <q>Verily our
+bones lie scattered before the pit, like as when one
+breaketh and heweth wood upon the earth.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And then her thoughts travelled to those who
+were especially close to her heart. Azariah and
+Micah—where were they? How had it fared with
+them in the battle? Were they lying on the field
+of battle with stark faces turned to the stars of
+heaven, and the vultures preying on their limbs?
+And she shuddered, and hid her face in the coarse
+coverlet under which she lay, as if she would shut
+out the dreadful picture that her thoughts had conjured
+up before her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When she opened her eyes again, there was a
+faint suspicion of light in the darkness of the cave.
+The bats came flapping back from the outer air
+to their haunts in the roof. Jael, the jackal, who
+had been for her nightly prowl came back with her
+cubs, and lay down in her accustomed corner. The
+<pb n='195'/><anchor id='Pg195'/>light grew rapidly stronger, and when Ruth stepped
+from the threshold of the cave into the fresh morning
+air, though the sun was not visible, its light
+had begun to touch the highest summits of the
+mountains.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Looking to the head of the pass Ruth could see
+her husband where he stood at his post of observation,
+a spot which commanded a distant view of
+the westward approaches to the encampment. As
+she watched him she observed him make a signal
+that indicated that he had to make some important
+communication. A moment afterwards she could
+see other men hurrying to the spot. She bade
+Miriam and Judith, who were always her guests
+during their father’s absence, watch the still sleeping
+infant, and made all the haste she could to join
+her husband. When she reached him she found
+the little group of watchers straining their eyes
+as they gazed at a body of armed men that could
+be seen in the distance. <q>Who are they? foes
+or friends?</q> was the question that was in every
+heart, though none ventured to put it into words.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As the vanguard of the approaching force came to
+an eastward turn in the path, a ray of sunshine
+touched the helmets of the men and made them
+glitter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What is this?</q> said one of the men. <q>They
+went with caps of leather; whence come these
+helmets of brass and steel?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='196'/><anchor id='Pg196'/>
+
+<p>
+A shudder went through the hearts of Ruth and
+of the other women who by this time had joined
+her. If the patriots had been overpowered, and
+these armed men were heathen murderers and
+ravishers come to wreak their vengeance on those
+who had been left behind——
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Whence come they?</q> said Seraiah. <q>They are
+the spoils of the heathen.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As he spoke the distant sound of singing was
+carried by the wind up the pass, and though the
+words could not as yet be heard it was recognized
+at once as one of the Temple chants. The little
+band of sentries and women raised a joyful shout,
+and hurried down the pass to meet the new comers.
+And now the noble voice of Judas could be heard
+leading the song of triumph. <q>Thou hast girded
+me with strength unto the battle; Thou shalt throw
+down mine enemies under me. Thou hast made
+mine enemies also to turn their backs upon me;
+and I shall destroy them that hate me.... I will
+beat them as small as the dust before the wind.</q>
+And now the good news had spread like wildfire
+through the camp. The rest of the women hastened
+down to meet and greet the deliverers, and among
+them Miriam and Judith, carrying Ruth’s infant
+child. The first thought of all was to do honour
+to the chief who had led the host of the Lord to
+victory. They kissed the hem of his robe, his hands,
+even his feet. It was only when they had satisfied
+<pb n='197'/><anchor id='Pg197'/>these feelings of gratitude and reverence that they
+could think of private affections. And when the
+whole array, the women and children now mingling
+in the ranks with the armed men, reached the top of
+the pass, it halted for a few minutes. The name
+which Micah, in his talk with Cleon, had given to
+Judas had passed through the army, and had caught
+the popular fancy. There was scarcely a man among
+them but had seen him dealing death at every blow
+among the ranks of the heathen. <q>Hail, Judah
+Maccâbah! Hail, Hammer of God!</q> was the cry
+that went up from the assembled multitude. The
+title has been given in after times to other sturdy
+champions of the truth, notably to him who, in the
+Valley of Tours, turned back the tide of Paynim
+invasion;<note place="foot">Charles Martel defeated the Saracens between Poictiers and
+Tours (<hi rend='small'>A.D.</hi> 732).</note> but never has it been more honourably
+gained, or more worthily borne, than it was by
+Judas, the son of Mattathias.
+</p>
+
+<milestone unit="tb"/>
+
+<p>
+Great as was the exultation of the patriots over
+their victory, no one among them, and least of all
+their far-sighted general, deceived himself with the
+flattering notion that it had finished the war.
+Every one was well aware that the defeat and death
+of Apollonius was not only a disgrace that Antiochus
+and his lieutenants were bound to avenge,
+but a disaster that had to be repaired. It was
+with<pb n='198'/><anchor id='Pg198'/>out surprise, therefore, that Judas heard that Seron,
+Governor of Coele-Syria, was marching southwards
+over the great maritime plain known by the name
+of Sharon, with what rumour described as a vast
+host.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas at once resolved to repeat the policy which
+had been found so successful in the conflict with
+Apollonius. The enemy would soon reach the
+passes that led into the hill-country of Eastern
+Palestine; and it was there that he must be met.
+To allow him to make good this movement without
+opposition would be to throw away a great advantage.
+The Jewish commander resolved, accordingly,
+to dispute the possession of the pass. With
+a boldness which seemed to some of his followers
+to verge upon rashness, he left Jerusalem, occupied
+as it was by a hostile garrison, behind him, and
+marched westward till he reached the range which
+looks over the Plain of Sharon to the Great Sea.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This strategy was simple enough, though it was
+not wanting in boldness; but then came the difficult
+question, <q>What road will the enemy take—the
+ordinary route by Emmaüs,<note place="foot">Not to be confounded with the village near Jerusalem.</note> or the more difficult
+way through the pass of Beth-horon?</q> The scouts
+were at fault, but it seemed likely that a general
+strange to the country would prefer the easier
+course. But scarcely had Judas acted on this
+probability and taken up his position on the plateau
+<pb n='199'/><anchor id='Pg199'/>of Emmaüs, than a breathless messenger came
+rushing in with the intelligence that Beth-horon was
+to be the point of attack. The patriots had already
+been in motion since dawn, but another march was
+necessary, and, if it was to be of any avail, must
+be executed at full speed, and without any pause
+for food or rest. There had been just time to
+reach the head of the pass, and to hide the vanguard
+behind rocks and in the ravines that led into the
+main road, when the Greek force was seen to be
+approaching. It was still a mile distant, and as the
+road was steep, making a rise of not less than five
+hundred feet in the mile, its progress was slow. It
+was an anxious time of waiting as the patriots
+watched the hostile column drawing nearer and
+nearer. They could see its strength, its dense and
+numerous files, the discipline showed by the precision
+of its march, and its complete equipment,
+so different from their own imperfect supply of
+weapons and armour. And there were some whose
+hearts fainted within them at the sight. <q>How
+shall we, being so few, be able to stand up against
+so great and strong a multitude? And now we are
+worn with marching, and weak for want of bread.</q>
+Judas was indefatigable in cheering and encouraging
+them. <q>With the Lord our God,</q> he said, as
+he went from one company to another, <q>it is all one
+to deliver with a great multitude, or with a small company.</q>
+Then he pointed to Ajalon, and recalled to
+<pb n='200'/><anchor id='Pg200'/>the thoughts of his hearers the famous associations
+of the place. <q>Do you not remember,</q> he said,
+<q>how Joshua, the son of Nun, smote the five kings
+of the Canaanites? The Lord was with him, staying
+even the sun and the moon in their course, that
+He might give to His people the heritage of the
+heathen, and surely He will be with us on this day,
+for His name’s sake, that he may restore to us this
+same heritage. His enemies come against us in the
+pride of their hearts to destroy us, and our wives,
+and our children. But the Lord is on our side;
+and He will overthrow them before our face. And
+as for you, be not afraid of them. Stand fast and quit
+you like men.</q> He had not completed the round
+of his force—and indeed there were some companies
+in it which he knew to be of temper so sturdy that
+they might safely be left to themselves—when the
+Greeks, slowly labouring in their heavy armour up
+the ascent, came within reach. Judas gave the
+signal, and with a loud cry, <q>The Hammer of
+God! The Hammer of God!</q> the patriots rose
+from their ambush, and threw themselves on the
+van of the enemy. The attack was entirely unexpected,
+for the Greek commander was ill-served by
+his scouts, and it met with no serious resistance.
+Almost in a moment the Greek line was broken,
+and a wild flight commenced. When the fugitives
+reached the plain they scattered themselves in all
+directions. With his usual prudence, Judas checked
+<pb n='201'/><anchor id='Pg201'/>his men in their pursuit of the vanquished, but eight
+hundred lay dead or seriously wounded upon the
+plain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seraiah, who had extorted from the old physician
+attached to the patriot army an unwilling permission
+to bear arms, had fallen fainting to the ground,
+close to the entrance to the pass. Near him lay six
+or seven Greek corpses. The tide of battle had passed
+elsewhere, and the place was deserted. This was
+exactly the opportunity which Benjamin and his
+associates—since his escape during the expedition to
+Modin he had gathered about him a small band—had
+been watching. They issued from their
+hiding-places among the rocks, and began to search
+the prostrate bodies for spoil. The first that they
+came to was a Greek sub-officer, somewhat richly
+attired. The man was still alive and groaned as
+they turned him over to get more conveniently at
+the silver ornaments of his belt. <q>Curse the
+villain!</q> cried Benjamin, as he drove his sword
+into his side; and when the poor wretch breathed
+his last, went on, <q>A brave man might have been
+left to take his chance, but such cowards as these
+’tis positively a good work to despatch. Did you
+ever see such a scandalous flight?—and they were
+positively five to one at the very least.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was now Seraiah’s turn to be stripped. He,
+too, gave signs of life, and one of the robbers, an
+Edomite, who hated Jews and Greeks impartially,
+<pb n='202'/><anchor id='Pg202'/>was about to stab him, when Benjamin, who recognized
+his old comrade’s face, interfered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, man,</q> he said, <q>’tis one of the patriots,
+and an old friend of mine to boot. Look you after
+the others, and I will attend to this brave fellow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Hastily and with a practised hand he bound up
+Seraiah’s wound, for the old place had broken out
+afresh. The injured man, consumed by the thirst
+that follows the loss of blood, begged for water.
+Benjamin supplied him with a draught from the
+bottle which he carried, and followed it up with
+some rough wine of the country in a wooden cup.
+By this time the robbers, who had finished their
+work of spoiling the dead, were ready to return
+to their hiding-place among the hills.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, captain,</q> said the Edomite, <q>’tis time
+to go; you had best leave your friend to himself,
+or you will see more of his countrymen than you
+will quite like.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Go,</q> said Benjamin; <q>I will follow you soon.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seraiah was now sufficiently revived to be able
+to sit up. The robber offered him bread and flesh.
+<q>’Tis clean meat,</q> he said. The wounded man,
+however, refused it. It might be of a lawful kind,
+but he did not know that it had been lawfully
+killed, and he contented himself with bread to which
+he added a few raisins with which he happened
+to have provided himself. Another draught of wine
+completed the repast.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='203'/><anchor id='Pg203'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Benjamin,</q> he said, when he had finished, <q>you
+are too good for this life, for these friends. Come
+with us and fight on our side, for be sure that it
+is the side of the Lord. I will intercede for you to
+our captain, and he is as merciful as he is strong.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, nay,</q> said Benjamin, <q>you are too confident;
+yours may be the side of the Lord, for I
+don’t know much about these things, but the side
+of the Lord, as far as I have been able to see,
+does not always win. I hate these Greeks. They
+robbed me of my house and everything that I had.
+May all the curses that are written in the Law
+overtake them! But they are very likely to get
+the best of it after all.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Did you see how they fled to-day?</q> cried
+Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes; you made them run,</q> said the robber, with
+a grim laugh. <q>It was rare sport to see them pelt
+helter-skelter down the pass, like so many sheep
+with a dog after them. But there are many more
+where these came from, and they will simply
+trample you down.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That will not be done so easily as you think.
+Is Judas the Hammer—for that is what the people
+call him—a likely man to be so dealt with? Nay,
+Benjamin, he is another Joshua, another David,
+and I am as sure as if a prophet had told me that
+the Lord of Hosts is with him, and will deliver the
+heathen into his hands.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='204'/><anchor id='Pg204'/>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin was silent awhile. Then he said, in an
+altered tone, <q>You say the truth about Judas, the
+son of Mattathias. A better captain to lead, a
+better soldier to strike with the sword, I never saw.
+I would gladly follow him. And verily I would
+sooner fight for my people than for my own hand.
+But your ways are over-strict. I cannot put up
+with these <q><corr sic="(double quotes)">religious</corr></q> as you call them. Why
+should I not eat pig’s flesh if I can get it? It
+has a good relish, and it has never harmed me
+yet.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But ’tis forbidden, Benjamin,</q> gently answered
+Seraiah, now in good hopes of winning over this
+somewhat stubborn proselyte, <q>and you are too
+good a man to give up your country for a matter
+of meat or drink.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Aye,</q> said the man, <q>but there are other
+things.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nothing surely that cannot be borne,</q> went on
+Seraiah. <q>Oh, Benjamin, you have saved my life
+to-day, and henceforth you are my brother; but I
+could almost wish, but for my wife and child’s sake—you
+remember Ruth and the babe?—that you had
+left me to die, if I am to see you return to the
+ways of death.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The cause was almost won when, at an unhappy
+moment, a party of Jewish soldiers returning from
+the pursuit came in sight. One of them immediately
+recognized Benjamin, and gave the alarm
+<pb n='205'/><anchor id='Pg205'/>to his companions. They rushed to arrest him,
+but Benjamin divined their purpose and dashed
+up the rocks. To overtake him was impossible,
+for he was fleet of foot and unencumbered; but one
+of the Chasidim, for the soldiers belonged to this
+party, let fly an arrow which struck him in the
+left arm. It was but a slight wound, for the barb
+was not covered in the flesh; but it stirred him
+to a furious rage, which was all the fiercer because,
+by a great effort, he had just brought himself to yield
+to Seraiah’s arguments. He tore the arrow from
+the wound, hurled it at his pursuers with impotent
+rage, and crying, <q>All the plagues of Egypt consume
+you!</q> disappeared among the rocks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You have lost a good recruit,</q> said Seraiah
+to his comrades when they returned to him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What should this son of Belial profit us?</q>
+one of the Chasidim haughtily replied. <q>The Lord
+grant that my next arrow may be driven better
+home!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seraiah made no answer, but painfully lifting
+himself from the ground made his way up the
+pass alone. He did not care for the company of
+his comrades, and they, on their part, though they
+could not help respecting him as a soldier, thought
+him sadly wanting in zeal for the Law and for the
+traditions of the elders.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Late that night some of the fugitives, who had
+crossed the mountains somewhat further to the
+<pb n='206'/><anchor id='Pg206'/>south, reached Jerusalem. They found the city
+anxiously expecting tidings of the battle; and two of
+their number who were officers were at once brought
+into the Governor’s house. He was indisposed, and
+Cleon, who had given up his post at Modin and
+was now attached to head-quarters, saw the new
+arrivals in his stead. When he had heard their
+story, he did not conceal his scorn for the mismanagement—or
+was it cowardice?—that had made
+a well-equipped and powerful army flee before a
+crowd of half-armed vagabonds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is easy to talk, my fine sir,</q> retorted one of
+the men, <q>when you have only got to stop at home
+and find fault; but if you had seen them to-day,
+you would be singing to a very different tune. By
+all the gods above and below, these Jews rushed on
+more like lions than men. And as to this Judas,
+son of Asmon, there is no standing against him.
+No man wants two blows from <hi rend='italic'>his</hi> sword.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A good soldier, I dare say,</q> said Cleon superciliously,
+<q>and a skilful swordsman. But there are
+others as good as he. And as for his army, if it is
+to be called an army, it is quite impossible that it
+can hold out very long. I was a little hasty in what
+I said just now. These fanatics have a way of
+giving some trouble at first, and it is quite possible
+for really good troops to be beaten by them. But
+it is quite out of the question to suppose that they
+can resist any serious attempt to deal with them.
+<pb n='207'/><anchor id='Pg207'/>Of course we have made the usual mistake of
+making too light of them. That must not be
+done again. The next expedition will be made
+with overwhelming force, and will unquestionably
+bring this troublesome matter to an end. I hope to
+go with it myself.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That will be as you please, sir,</q> said the officer,
+who had not by any means recovered his temper
+after the imputations cast on his courage, <q>but if
+I may venture to say so, I would recommend that
+you should not get in the way of Judas, the son of
+Asmon.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And, indeed, whatever men like Cleon may have
+pretended to think, from that time <q>began the
+fear of Judas and his brethren and an exceeding
+great dread to fall upon the nations round about
+them.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="17" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='208'/><anchor id='Pg208'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XVII. The Battle of Emmaüs"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XVII. The Battle of Emmaus"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XVII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE BATTLE OF EMMAUS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The effort to wipe out the disgrace of the two
+defeats and to restore the Greek supremacy was
+not long delayed; and when it was made, it was
+made with all the force which the lieutenants of
+Antiochus could command. The King himself was
+absent in Persia; but his vicegerent had <foreign rend='italic' lang="fr">carte
+blanche</foreign> for the preparations which they were to
+make. Lysias, Governor of Syria, had collected
+forty thousand foot and seven thousand horse, and
+this force had been put under the command of
+Nicanor, Gorgias being his principal lieutenant.
+This time, it was intended, the work should be
+done thoroughly. This Jewish people, so obstinately
+troublesome, was to be absolutely extirpated.
+Not a single native inhabitant was to be left in
+Palestine, which was to be peopled in future by a
+more accommodating and manageable race.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This scheme, if it was to be carried out, would
+<pb n='209'/><anchor id='Pg209'/>involve huge dealings in human flesh, and the slave-merchants
+of the sea-coast cities were, naturally,
+vastly interested in its success. Anxious to do the
+business as cheaply and effectively as possible, they
+formed what, in the language of modern commerce,
+would be called a <q>Syndicate,</q> and sent parties of
+dealers to follow the two armies, and act as their
+agents when the scheme should begin to come into
+practical working.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This was the occupation, then, of four repulsive-looking
+creatures who had obtained permission to
+follow the army of Nicanor, and whom we may
+see discussing a flagon of the best Chian wine—the
+trade was as profitable as it was odious—and
+canvassing the prospects of business.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> said one of the four, pursuing the
+narrative of an interview which he had just been
+having with Lysias, <q>we had a long debate about
+terms. The Governor was quite firm about one
+thing: there must be no picking and choosing.
+<q>No,</q> he said, <q>either you buy them all, or they
+shall be put up in the open market.</q> <q>But what,</q>
+I said, <q>am I to do with the old and the weak?</q>
+<q>And what am I to do with them?</q> he answered.
+<q>No; you must buy them all or none.</q> There I
+could not move him. He could not be bothered with
+detail. For so many prisoners, so many talents,
+half paid down, half six months credit. Old men
+and women at their last gasp, and new-born babes
+<pb n='210'/><anchor id='Pg210'/>were all to be counted in. Those were his terms
+and I had to accept them, or we should not have
+come to an agreement.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That does not seem a good bargain,</q> interrupted
+another member of the company.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Wait a moment,</q> said the first speaker, <q>till
+you hear the price. I think you will agree that
+there is no reason to complain. At first he wanted
+a talent<note place="foot">The talent must have been a talent of gold, which may be reckoned
+as equal to £3,300.</note> for every fifty. That of course was out of
+the question on the <q>take-all</q> terms, and I told our
+friend so quite plainly. <q>No,</q> I said, <q>a talent for
+every hundred is about the right price, and even
+then we may very well lose,</q> which, you will allow,
+was sailing very near the wind indeed. Well, we
+had a long argument. First he would meet me half
+way. But I held out. You know they <hi rend='italic'>must</hi> have
+money. There is Antiochus—the <q>Glorious</q> they
+call him—gone off to Persia on a wild goose chase
+after some treasures he has heard of. I’ll wager
+that he’ll spend more than he gets by a long way.
+I have friends at Court, and they tell me that the
+treasury is as empty as—well, we’ll say a wine jar,
+after our friend Nicias there has had it at his mouth
+for a minute. So I was firm. And at last—to make
+a long story short—we came to terms at a talent for
+ninety. And I can’t help thinking that it is not by
+any means a bad bargain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='211'/><anchor id='Pg211'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what are we to do with the worthless
+ones?</q> said one of the dealers. <q>Surely having to
+keep them will take all the shine off our profits.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Keeping them! Who talks about keeping them?
+We shall only have to bury them, and that does not
+cost very much. You have not been long in the
+trade, my good friend, and you don’t know how soon
+their food seems to disagree with the poor wretches
+whom we can’t sell.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He smiled an evil smile, and the others burst out
+into a laugh, in which, however, the young man
+who <q>had not been long in the trade</q> did not join.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what becomes of all the money?</q> said one
+of the dealers, who had hitherto taken no part in the
+conversation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, a part will be wanted for present expenses,
+pay of the troops, stores, and so forth; and that is
+to be paid in gold. But the greater part has to go
+to Rome—the King, you know, owes a great deal on
+the indemnity account. For that we shall find bills
+of exchange.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Most of the money, then, is to go to Rome?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes; and don’t you see the advantage of the
+arrangement? Of course most of it will come back
+into our pockets. Slaves from this part of the world
+are quite the fashion in Rome now; and I am very
+much mistaken if these Jewish slaves don’t turn out
+a great success. They are quite a novelty; I should
+think that they have hardly been seen in the Roman
+<pb n='212'/><anchor id='Pg212'/>markets. And then they have a very distinguished
+look, and the girls are sometimes remarkably handsome.
+I don’t like to brag—and of course this is all
+between ourselves—but I think that we shall make
+a <hi rend='italic'>very</hi> good business indeed out of this campaign.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>If our side wins, that is,</q> said the youngest of the
+dealers, who was evidently a little discomposed by
+what he had heard.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q><hi rend='italic'>If</hi>, indeed! There is no <q>if</q> in the matter. You
+don’t suppose this set of ragged beggars can stand
+against the army of Lysias?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, they stood against Apollonius, and killed
+him; and they stood against Seron.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, but this is another matter altogether.
+Lysias has got fifty thousand as good troops as
+there are in the world, barring, of course, the
+Romans; and they <hi rend='italic'>must</hi> win. And then we shall
+all make our fortunes as sure as the sun is in the
+sky.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And, indeed, as viewed from without, the prospects
+of success which seemed to lie before the forces of
+Antiochus were very great. The army was powerful—it
+numbered nearly eight times as many as that
+of the patriots—it was thoroughly well equipped,
+and it was led by men who at least had the reputation
+of being good soldiers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This time it was judged expedient to avoid the
+difficult pass of Beth-horon and to advance by the
+easier road of Emmaüs. At Emmaüs, accordingly,
+<pb n='213'/><anchor id='Pg213'/>Nicanor had pitched his camp for the night, intending
+to move early the next day on Jerusalem, to
+occupy that city with overwhelming force, and to
+carry on the operations of the campaign from that
+base. He was the more hopeful of success because
+he had received exact information of the position of
+the patriot general. Benjamin had never forgiven
+the painful wound which he had received from the
+arrow of one of the Chasidim after the battle of
+Beth-horon. The injury had galled him all the more
+because his feelings had been really touched by the
+appeals of Seraiah, and he had seriously meditated
+throwing in his fortunes once more with the cause
+of his countrymen. He now made his way to the
+camp of Nicanor, and told him all that he knew of
+the position of Judas. The Greek general despatched
+his lieutenant with a picked force to attack him.
+While the enemy was thus occupied he should be
+able, he thought, to make the passage of the
+mountains without hindrance or loss.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas was at Mizpeh, in command of a force
+more numerous than any he had before been able
+to collect, but still not amounting to more than six
+thousand men. But the sight that this six thousand
+saw from the Mizpeh ridge—the watch-tower, as it
+was called—was such as to rouse to fury the hearts
+of all who beheld it. For there, lying before them,
+was the city of their love, the city of David, of
+Solomon, of Josiah, of Hezekiah, of Ezra, and
+Nehe<pb n='214'/><anchor id='Pg214'/>miah, and they could see, only too plainly in the
+clear sunset light, the horror of its desolation. The
+streets were empty; the walls, in old time thronged
+at evening by crowds of citizens and their families,
+were deserted; the gates were shut. The Temple
+could be seen, but its courts were silent and empty.
+And, rising above, in the City of David, in the very
+heart of the Jewish kingdom, was the fort of the
+Greek garrison—the hateful sign of the domination
+of the heathen. Then followed a touching ceremony,
+by which the servants of the Lord, banished from
+the courts of His House, yet sought to show the
+reverence and the love which they felt for its sacred
+precincts, for the Holy Place which they could see
+with their eyes, though they might not tread it with
+their feet. A numerous company of mourners, chosen
+to represent the whole people, ranged themselves on
+the ridge which commanded the prospect so sad and
+yet so dear. They were clad in garments of black
+sackcloth, itself ragged and tattered, and had strewn
+ashes on their heads. They spread out copies of the
+Law—that Law which the heathen had silenced in
+its own peculiar seat, and which they had insulted
+and profaned, picturing on its very pages the cruel
+and lustful demons whom they worshipped; the
+functions of the priests had ceased, but they could
+at least display within sight of the Sanctuary the
+garments which they wore; the sacrifices could not
+be offered, but they could at least show the bullocks
+<pb n='215'/><anchor id='Pg215'/>and rams, the firstfruits of the cornfield and the
+vineyard, and present them in heart and will; vows
+could not be performed, but the Nazarites, with their
+unshorn locks, could stretch out their hands to the
+Sanctuary, and dedicate themselves in intention.
+And then from the whole multitude rose the cry,
+<q>What shall we do with these, and whither shall
+we carry them? For Thy Sanctuary is trodden down
+and profaned, and Thy priests are in heaviness and
+brought low. And lo! the heathen are assembled
+together against us to destroy us; what things they
+imagine against us, Thou knowest. How shall we
+be able to stand against them, except Thou, O God,
+be our help?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This done, the trumpets sounded, as if to remind
+the mourners that they were soldiers again, and the
+whole multitude fell at once into military order.
+Judas carefully inspected his force. Mindful of the
+old indulgence given by the Law, he proclaimed that
+any among his followers who were building a house,
+or planting a vineyard, or had left behind him at
+home a newly-married wife, should depart. Those
+were not days when houses were being built or vineyards
+planted, for the land, save for some barren
+mountain ranges, was in the power of the heathen;
+nor was it a time for marrying or giving in marriage.
+Scarcely a man out of the whole array claimed the
+exemption. And when the leader went on, <q>If any
+man be timid or of a faint heart, let him turn
+<pb n='216'/><anchor id='Pg216'/>back, while there is time,</q> only two or three slunk
+away.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To those that remained Judas addressed a few
+stirring words. <q>You have seen,</q> he said, <q>the
+city of your fathers from afar, how it lies desolate
+and dishonoured. Be bold and quit you like men,
+and the Lord will deliver it into your hands, for He
+can deliver both by many and by few. Arm yourselves
+at dawn, and we will fight with those nations
+who have defiled our sanctuary and have now come
+out to destroy us.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the struggle was to come sooner than any one
+had looked for it. Azariah had been setting the
+sentinels who were to watch the northern side of
+the encampment, when he heard a voice that seemed
+to have a familiar sound.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Azariah!</q> it said, in a penetrating whisper.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am here; say on;</q> and he felt sure that he
+recognized the voice of Benjamin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell your captain that Gorgias has come out of
+the camp of Nicanor with six thousand men, the
+very choicest of his army, and that he will attack
+him this night. Farewell!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And before Azariah could answer he was out of
+sight and hearing. A quick remorse had overtaken
+the robber for his treacherous act, and he had done
+his best to remedy the wrong.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas, on hearing the news, lost no time in
+making his resolve. It was bold, even audacious.
+<pb n='217'/><anchor id='Pg217'/>He would not wait to be attacked, but would himself
+attack, and that not the detachment under Gorgias,
+which it was quite possible he might have some
+difficulty in meeting, but the main body itself. Here
+he would certainly have the advantage of being
+utterly unexpected. And a victory over this would
+be almost, if not absolutely, decisive.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Accordingly he left his camp at Mizpeh without
+attempting to remove any of his belongings. In
+truth, they were scanty enough, and, if things went
+well with him, he should secure spoil of a hundredfold
+more value than all that he had left. With
+nothing but their arms, and such scanty provision as
+they could carry in their pouches, his men marched
+through the darkness down into the plain.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The day was dawning when he came within sight
+of the camp of Nicanor. Though not regularly
+fortified, it was a place of considerable strength,
+which an army far more numerous and better
+equipped than that which Judas had under his
+command might hesitate to attack. The cavalry
+had bivouacked outside; the infantry were within
+the lines, but might be seen passing out of the gates.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So formidable a task did it seem to attack a
+fortified camp, held by a vastly superior force, that
+even Judas’s band of heroes hesitated for a moment.
+He felt it at once, and at once addressed himself to
+check it. He called a halt, and bidding the ranks
+close in to as small a space as possible, he addressed
+<pb n='218'/><anchor id='Pg218'/>them, sending his mighty voice in the still air of the
+morning with so commanding a power that it
+reached the very extremity of the crowd. In a
+few stirring words he reminded them of the
+deliverances which God had wrought in old time
+for His people. He spoke of the three hundred of
+Gideon, how they had discomfited the host of the
+Midianites, of the angel that had smitten with an
+unseen sword the legions of the haughty Sennacherib.
+He told them of the day when Macedonian
+and Jew had stood side by side against the Gallic
+invaders of Asia, and of how the Jew had stood firm
+while the Greek had fled before the fury of the barbarian
+onset. Finally he reminded them of the
+victories which they themselves had so lately won
+against overwhelming odds.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When he had finished his harangue, he divided
+the host between himself and his brothers, John,
+Simon and Jonathan. Eleazar was to recite the
+Holy Book, and to give his name as the watchword
+of the day. These arrangements made, he gave a
+signal to the trumpeters. They blew a piercing
+blast. Then, with a shout, <q>The Help of God!
+The Help of God!</q><note place="foot">This is the meaning of the name Eleazar.</note> the patriots charged. It
+might have seemed to an onlooker the strategy of
+despair, but it was successful, as it had been many a
+time in history before, as it has been many a time
+since.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='219'/><anchor id='Pg219'/>
+
+<p>
+The Greeks stared at them, as they advanced, with
+astonishment. Were these men madmen, or were
+they fired by some Divine fury? In either case they
+would be dangerous antagonists. As the patriots
+drew nearer, without a sign of hesitation or holding
+back, the terror which had been creeping over the
+minds of the Greeks became insupportable. They
+broke and fled, and did not even, so complete was
+their demoralization, attempt to hold their camp.
+Though pursuit was shortened by the approach
+of the Sabbath, which Judas would not suffer to
+be infringed upon even to complete his victory,
+more than three thousand fell, and as the Greek
+line had not waited to receive the onset of the
+patriots, all of them perished in the flight.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The work was not yet done, for the detachment
+under Gorgias had still to be accounted for. This,
+however, gave the conquerors very little trouble.
+That general had found the camp of Judas empty,
+and had naturally concluded that its occupants had
+been frightened away by his approach. He started
+in pursuit, but without being able to find any clear
+traces of the route which the supposed fugitives had
+taken. Probably, he thought, this would be in the
+direction of the mountain retreat from which they
+had issued. It was long before he satisfied himself
+that he was mistaken; but the peasants whom he
+questioned were evidently truthful when they
+declared that they had seen nothing of the force
+<pb n='220'/><anchor id='Pg220'/>of which he was in search. He had to retrace his
+steps, and could not do this till he had given his men
+a rest, wearied as they were with almost incessant
+marching for a night and a day. It was late in the
+afternoon before he arrived in sight of the camp of
+the main body, and by that time Judas’s victory had
+been won. He was astonished and alarmed to see
+that part of it was on fire. Shortly afterwards a
+fugitive from the defeated army came in with news
+of what had happened. Neither Gorgias nor his
+men were in any humour to encounter the patriots;
+they hastily turned and made the best of their way
+to Jerusalem.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Information of this retreat was soon brought to
+Judas by his scouts, and he felt that now at last he
+and his followers might enjoy their victory. The
+Sabbath was given, as usual, to rest and devotion.
+A great service was held, a prominent feature of it
+being the chanting of the great Psalm of Thanksgiving,<note place="foot">Psalm cxxxvi.</note>
+<q>O give thanks unto the Lord, for His mercy
+endureth for ever.</q> The marvels of creation, the
+deliverance from Egypt, the passage of the hosts
+of the Lord through the Red Sea, the fall of the
+Amorite kings who had sought to stop their way to
+the Promised Land, the possession of the inheritance
+which had been promised to the fathers—all these
+blessings were enumerated, and after each new
+theme, given by the clear voices of the singers, rose
+<pb n='221'/><anchor id='Pg221'/>the thunderous chorus of reply from the multitude,
+<q>For His mercy endureth for ever.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the first day of the week the spoils were
+divided. The division was made with scrupulous
+fairness, and with a reverent regard to the injunctions
+of the Law. The wounded received a special
+consideration for their sufferings; a share was reserved
+for the widows and orphans of the slain; and
+those to whom had been given the unwelcome duty
+of staying behind to guard the encampment were
+not forgotten. The rich furniture of the officers’
+tents, the gold and silver plate, the many-coloured
+silks, and robes of Tyrian purple, with a well-furnished
+pay-chest, made together a splendid
+booty.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among the prisoners was the party of slave-dealers
+to whom our readers were introduced at the
+beginning of this chapter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Who are you?</q> cried Judas, when they were
+brought before him, <q>and what do you here?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We are merchants,</q> said their spokesman,
+<q>brought by business into the camp of his Excellency
+Nicanor.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And in what merchandize do you deal?</q> asked
+Judas, though, as may be supposed, he was perfectly
+well acquainted with their occupation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We deal in the prisoners of war,</q> answered the
+man. <q>Permit me, sir,</q> he went on, <q>to congratulate
+your Excellency on the splendid victory
+<pb n='222'/><anchor id='Pg222'/>that you have won, and to beg the favour of your
+custom. We offer the best of prices for goods, and
+pay in ready money or in bills on the best houses,
+quite as safe as cash, I can assure you, and far
+more convenient to carry.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Do you know this document?</q> asked Judas,
+holding up a piece of parchment which had been
+found among the property of the slave-dealers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The man turned pale and said nothing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas then proceeded to read aloud: <q>It is hereby
+covenanted between the most excellent Lysias,
+Governor of Syria, on the first part, and Theron and
+his Company, dealers in slaves, on the second part,
+that the said Lysias shall hand over, and that the
+said Theron and his Company shall take all persons
+that shall be captured in the operations now about
+to be begun by the army of the said Lysias. And
+it is further covenanted that the said Theron and
+Company shall pay to the said Lysias or such other
+persons as he shall appoint, the sum of one talent of
+gold for every ninety persons delivered alive into
+the hands of the said Theron and Company.
+Furthermore it is agreed that the said Theron and
+Company shall have no claim for a drawback for
+any such persons dying after they have been once
+delivered; but that a drawback shall be allowed at
+the rate of six <foreign rend='italic'>minæ</foreign><note place="foot">About £,24.</note> for every person, who, as being
+a loyal subject of our lord and king Antiochus, or of
+<pb n='223'/><anchor id='Pg223'/>any prince in friendship and alliance with him, shall
+have been wrongfully taken prisoner.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Know you this document?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Theron stammered an assent. <q>It is but a
+common matter of business, my lord. Such covenants
+must be drawn up, and, doubtless, they sound
+somewhat harsh.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ye have digged a pit, and are fallen into the
+midst of it yourselves,</q> said Judas, in a voice of
+thunder. <q>Let them be taken with the followers
+of the camp to the slave-market of Sidon.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Mercy, my lord!</q> cried the dealers, falling on
+their knees.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Such mercy as you have shown yourselves you
+shall have, and no more. Lead them away.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, my lord,</q> cried Theron, struggling away
+from the soldier who had grasped him by the arms,
+<q>you do ill to deal so harshly with men that have
+not borne arms against you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You have done tenfold worse,</q> was the answer.
+<q>I know your works. You sell our youths to the
+mines, where the young man grows old and decrepit
+before he has reached to middle age, and the
+maidens you sell to shame; and the old and sick
+you slay with the sword or poison. Take them
+away.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Listen once more, my lord,</q> cried the man, in
+an agony of despair. <q>We have money; not here,
+of course, but with those whom we represent; if
+<pb n='224'/><anchor id='Pg224'/>you should want a loan, we can find it for your
+Excellency, and at low interest, lower than you will
+find elsewhere.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Take them away!</q> thundered Judas.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And taken away they were, still screaming out, as
+they were dragged off, offers of ransom, or loans at
+five per cent. interest, or no interest at all.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next day Judas and his army, richly laden
+with spoils of every kind, returned to the sanctuary
+among the hills.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="18" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='225'/><anchor id='Pg225'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XVIII. The Battle of Beth-zur"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XVIII. The Battle of Beth-zur"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XVIII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE BATTLE OF BETH-ZUR.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Several months have passed since the scenes described
+in the last chapter. During the winter Judas
+has been increasing and consolidating his army, and
+he has now a force both more numerous and better
+equipped than any that he had hitherto commanded.
+Again he has marched to encounter the Greeks, but
+he has no easy task before him. Lysias in person
+commands the Syrian army. Antiochus has sent
+him some veteran troops from the capital; he has
+raised fresh levies of his own, and he has enrolled in
+his ranks the remnants of the armies of Seron and
+Nicanor. Altogether he has collected an army of
+sixty thousand men, and must out-number his antagonists
+at least five times. The struggle will be of
+a critical kind, and the victory, if won at all, can
+hardly be won without grievous loss. The Greeks
+are fighting for their last stake. If they lose this
+they are disgraced.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The experience of a soldier’s wife had not lessened
+<pb n='226'/><anchor id='Pg226'/>the anxiety with which Ruth waited for news of the
+battle. This time all that were especially near and
+dear to her had gone with the army—her husband,
+her brother, and Azariah—all had run or were even
+then running deadly peril of their lives. When the
+news came it might find her utterly desolate, a
+widow indeed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+During the night these terrors had had almost
+undisputed sway. It seemed impossible to her to
+recall the holy words which at other times brought
+comfort to her soul. Some dreadful picture of her
+dear ones lying cold and stark upon the battle-field
+would rise up before her eyes; and again and again
+the hideous laughing of the hyenas, echoed among
+the hills, seemed to her like the mocking triumph of
+the heathen.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The light of morning brought, as it is wont to
+bring, if not cheerfulness, at least a more hopeful
+spirit. Anyhow she had not to lie in forced inaction.
+The daily duties had to be done; and she could find
+in them not forgetfulness, indeed, but the wholesome
+invigorating influence of work. Her first task was
+to fetch the daily ration of food. Miriam and Judith
+accompanied her, and her little boy was now old
+enough to toddle by her side. The girls had already
+begun to bear the burdens of a woman’s cares, but
+the child was in happy unconsciousness of trouble,
+and there was a certain infection of cheerfulness in
+his laughter and prattle.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='227'/><anchor id='Pg227'/>
+
+<p>
+Ruth’s way to the store where the rations were
+distributed led past the point from which the best
+view of the pass could be obtained. She scanned
+the prospect eagerly as she went, but could see
+nothing. On her return she espied the figure of a
+man who seemed—for he was still almost too distant
+to be distinguished—to be approaching.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Look, girl,</q> she cried, <q>surely some one comes
+yonder, and he must be bringing tidings of the
+battle. Oh! if they are safe——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As she spoke she dropped the piece of flesh, which
+she was carrying, from her hand; and immediately
+a vulture swooped down and carried it off.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The watchman had now descried the figure of
+the traveller, and made the signal which was to
+indicate to the inmates of the encampment the fact
+that tidings from the army was at hand. In an
+instant all that were able to move had poured out,
+and were hurrying to the top of the pass.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The messenger was Micah, whom, as one of the
+fleetest runners in the army, Judas had selected to
+carry the news of his victory. He had traversed the
+distance, which could not have been less than thirty
+miles, at a pace which had sorely tried even his
+athletic frame. He flung himself on the ground,
+panting convulsively for breath, and unable to speak.
+One of the elders poured a few drops of cordial into
+his mouth, and by degrees he recovered his powers.
+His first act was to kneel and with outspread hands
+<pb n='228'/><anchor id='Pg228'/>to thank the Lord of Hosts. <q>We thank thee, God
+of our fathers, that thou hast delivered us out of the
+hand of the enemy, and brought us unto the haven
+where we would be.</q> Then, amidst the breathless
+attention of the listening crowd, he told the story.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Judas the Hammer,</q> and as he said the name a
+murmur of blessing could be heard from the whole
+assembly—<q>Judas, the Hammer of God, has smitten
+the enemy to pieces. Two days since he met Lysias—for
+the Governor himself was in command—at
+Beth-zur. There by that valley of Elah, where
+David slew Goliah of Gath, has the Lord God of
+Israel proved again that the battle is not to the
+strong nor the race to the swift. Judas himself led
+the right wing; the left he had given to Seraiah and
+Azariah, whom I myself had the privilege of following.
+The lines of the two armies were about equal
+in length; nor, indeed, was there room on either
+side for more; but they had their ranks forty deep
+and more, and we but seven or eight at the most, for
+they were many times more numerous. But the
+Lord showed once again that He can deliver as
+surely by few as many. Our captain, than whom
+no man has a more generous temper, though he
+would gladly have been the first to advance against
+the enemy, granted that privilege to us. Then we
+shouted, as we did in the day of Emmaüs, <q><corr sic="(double quotes)">The
+Lord is our Help!</corr></q> and ran forward. While we were
+yet half a furlong from them, we saw them tremble
+<pb n='229'/><anchor id='Pg229'/>and waver; and before we could cross our swords
+with them their line had broken. That done, their
+numbers availed them no more, but rather hindered
+them, so crowded and crushed together were they.
+We slew till we were weary of slaying.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what befell Lysias, the Governor?</q> asked
+one of the elders.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He had posted himself over against Judas himself,
+judging that there would be the most need of
+his presence. And indeed they say—for I myself did
+not see him, being, as I have said, on the other side
+of the field—that he bore himself as a brave soldier
+and a good captain. And Judas, when he saw him,
+pressed forward, seeking to meet him face to face.
+But Lysias was struck with terror and fled. He
+had not the heart to abide a stroke from the
+Hammer. He escaped with some hundred horsemen
+of his bodyguard from the field. The prisoners
+say that he is gone to Antioch to gather another
+army. Let him gather it. We will deal with it and
+him as we have dealt hitherto with the enemies of
+the Lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what does Judas now?</q> asked the elder.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+With a look of joy and triumph Micah lifted his
+head and said, <q>He is in Jerusalem. The Lord has
+given back into our hands the Holy City, the City
+of David His servant.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It is impossible to describe the delight with which
+this announcement was received. The women, even
+<pb n='230'/><anchor id='Pg230'/>the men, wept for joy. This was indeed a glorious
+gain of victory. Last year they could only see the
+Holy City from afar, and weep over its desolation.
+Now they could pour out their love and their sorrow
+within its sacred precincts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes,</q> he repeated, <q>Judas is in Jerusalem, and
+is making ready to purify the Temple. And you are
+to return as speedily as you can. The days of your
+exile are over. Our God has recalled His banished
+unto Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His public mission finished, Micah could give time
+to private affection. He went with Ruth and <anchor id="corr230"/><corr sic="the the">the</corr>
+children to their cave, and then, after sharing
+their morning meal, told them all they wanted to
+hear. Seraiah and Azariah were both safe, though
+both had had narrow escapes, Azariah’s helmet
+having been broken in by a sword-stroke from a
+gigantic Gaul, and Seraiah being saved by a little
+roll of the Prophecy of Daniel, which he always
+carried about with him—it was a gift from his wife—and
+which had stopped the point of a javelin that
+would otherwise have pierced his heart. Ruth and
+the children were never satisfied with asking questions
+and listening to his answers. Even the little
+Daniel seemed to understand something of what
+was being said, as he listened, with his baby-eyes
+wide open, to the talk of his elders.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And Cleon,</q> asked Ruth, <q>the Greek with
+whom you used to be so friendly in time past—did
+<pb n='231'/><anchor id='Pg231'/>you see him? You met him, you told us, in Modin,
+and parted in anger; did you meet him again?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A cloud seemed to pass over Micah’s face at this
+question, and for a few moments he was silent.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah! Ruth,</q> he said, <q>the Lord be merciful to
+him, as He has been merciful to me! And did I not
+sin against Him tenfold more grievously than any
+heathen could have sinned? For was I not a child
+of the Covenant, and had I not light and knowledge,
+whereas he was born in ignorance and knew not of
+the mercies and deliverances which I knew, and
+knowing despised.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is he a prisoner, then?</q> asked Miriam, <q>and
+will Judas spare him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He needs no mercy from man, my child,</q> said
+Micah, solemnly. <q>In the battle I did not meet
+him. That was well. I should have been loath to
+cross swords with him; and yet I could hardly
+have failed to do so. But in the evening, when
+Lysias had fled eastward with the remnants of his
+host, and the victory was won, I saw him on the
+field of battle. The captain himself was with me,
+as we went among the wounded and the dead, looking
+for any to whom we could give such help as they
+needed. He had been pierced with a ghastly wound
+through the breast. And when Judas saw him, he
+said to me, <q>Ah! that is a brave soldier, and as good
+a swordsman as ever I met. I had a hard bout with
+him this morning, and had he not slipped in making
+<pb n='232'/><anchor id='Pg232'/>a blow, it might have gone ill with me. Do you
+know him?</q> <q>Yes;</q> I said, <q>in the old time, when I
+mingled with the heathen and walked in their ways.</q>
+<q>See, then, whether you can help him in any way;
+I love a brave man, be he heathen or no.</q> I was
+willing enough to do anything that I could for him,
+you may be sure; one glance at that pale face was
+enough to chase away all the anger with which we
+had parted. <q>Cleon!</q> I said. And he knew me
+and smiled—a very wan and feeble smile, but still a
+smile. Then I tried to stanch the blood that was
+flowing from his wound. <q>Nay,</q> said he, <q>’tis idle;
+I am past all help; let it flow, and I shall be
+sooner out of my pain. But, dear Menander—nay,
+pardon me, I should call you Micah—give me some
+water to drink, for I have a raging thirst.</q> I had a
+leathern bottle of water, and gave him a draught.
+Then I rested his head upon my shoulder, and
+bathed his forehead with the water. Judas meanwhile
+had gone further, and I saw a party of the
+Chasidim ranging the field, and I thought that they
+could scarcely pass us by without seeing us, so I said
+to Cleon, <q>Let me lay you down till these are past;
+for if they know you as a friend of Jason they will
+not spare your life. ’Tis better to feign death than
+to meet it at their hands.</q> Then he smiled and
+said, <q>No need, Micah, to feign death. Your
+Hammer has smitten me down, and I shall not
+need another stroke.</q> And almost as he spoke the
+<pb n='233'/><anchor id='Pg233'/>words, he died. And just then the captain came
+back, and we buried him where he had fallen. The
+Lord have mercy on him!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But will He have mercy on the heathen?</q> said
+Miriam, who had begun to think.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, child—who knows?</q> answered Micah.
+<q>Surely some of us need His pardon more than
+they, who have not known Him, nor have been
+called by His name.</q>
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>Farewell to the Mountains.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_255"/><figure url="images/i_255.jpg" rend="w80">
+<index index="fig" level1="Farewell to the Mountains"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>Farewell to the Mountains.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>Farewell to the Mountains</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<p>
+The next day Micah returned, in obedience to
+orders, and two or three days afterwards all the
+party that had been left in the mountains followed
+him to Jerusalem. It was a happy day, but saddened,
+for the children at least, by one loss. The jackal,
+Jael, followed the party awhile, but when they
+reached the plain, stood still and watched them
+disappear, making mournful cries the while. Even
+the prospect of seeing their old home could not quite
+reconcile the children to the loss of this strange
+playmate, who had yet grown so dear to them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And so the rugged mountains which had afforded
+a refuge to the faithful remnant were left again to
+silence and solitude. But the memory of what the
+confessors and martyrs had endured in the evil days
+was never to perish. Generation after generation
+remembered with sympathy and reverence what
+men, aye, and weak women and children had borne
+for conscience’ sake—cold and hunger and nakedness,
+and that anguish of soul which is harder to
+<pb n='234'/><anchor id='Pg234'/>be endured than all bodily pain. Two centuries
+later, an inspired Hebrew, writing to Hebrews, commemorated
+the noble endurance of this faithful band
+in his famous roll of the triumphs of faith: <q>They
+wandered about in sheepskins and goatskins, being
+destitute, afflicted, tormented, of whom the world
+was not worthy; they wandered in deserts and
+mountains, and in dens and caves of the earth.</q><note place="foot">Hebrews xi. 37-38. Compare ii. Macc. x. vi. <q>When as they
+wandered in the mountains and dens like beasts.</q></note>
+</p>
+</div><div type="chapter" n="19" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='235'/><anchor id='Pg235'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XIX. In Jerusalem"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XIX. In Jerusalem"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XIX.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">IN JERUSALEM.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Among those who watched the approach of Judas
+and his host to Jerusalem were two men, one in
+extreme old age, the other numbering, it would
+seem, about fifty years. They wore the priestly
+garments, old indeed and threadbare, but still clean
+and showing many signs of careful repair. Theirs
+was a strange history. For two years they had
+been in hiding in the city. When Apollonius had
+filled the streets of Jerusalem with blood, the murderers
+had sought with especial care for all priests
+and Levites. To them at least no mercy was to be
+shown. These two men—Shemaiah was the name
+of the elder of the two, and Joel that of the younger—had
+narrowly escaped death from the soldiers of
+Apollonius. They had taken refuge—so close was
+the pursuit—in a garden, the gate of which happened
+to be open, and had hidden themselves in the bushes
+till nightfall. Where they were, who or of what
+<pb n='236'/><anchor id='Pg236'/>race was the owner of the house, whether they were
+likely to meet with more mercy from his hands than
+they could expect from the soldiers, they knew not.
+But that hiding-place was their only chance, and
+in their desperate strait they snatched at it. While
+they were debating in whispers whether they should
+throw themselves on the compassion of this unknown
+person, they saw—for it was a moonlight
+night—the figure of a woman walking down a path
+which passed close by their hiding-place. They could
+see from her features, which the brilliant moonlight
+of the East lighted up, that she was a countrywoman
+of their own, and they resolved to appeal to her for
+protection. Shemaiah, whose age and venerable
+appearance would, they judged, be less likely to
+alarm, threw himself on the ground at her feet.
+She started back in astonishment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lady,</q> he said, <q>I see that you are a daughter
+of Abraham. Can you help two servants of the
+Lord that have so far escaped from the sword of
+the Greeks?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She was reassured by a nearer view of the speaker.
+<q>Who are you?</q> she said. <q>Speak without fear,
+for there is no one to harm you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Shemaiah told his story.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And your companion,</q> said Eglah—for that
+was the woman’s name—<q>where is he?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The old man called to Joel, who came forth at his
+bidding from his hiding-place.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='237'/><anchor id='Pg237'/>
+
+<p>
+Eglah stood for a few minutes buried in thought.
+Then she spoke.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As I hope that the Lord will have mercy on me
+and pardon my sin, so will I help you even to
+the giving up of my life. But I am not worthy that
+you should come under my roof. Now listen to my
+story. When Antiochus—the Lord reward him for
+the evil that he has done to His people!—came to
+this city, I was seized and sold for a slave. And a
+certain Greek soldier, Glaucus by name, the captain
+of a company, bought me in the market. He had
+compassion on me, and dealt honourably with me,
+and made me his wife after the fashion of his people.
+And I consented to live with him, though I knew
+that it was a sin for a daughter of Abraham to be
+wife unto a man that was a heathen. But alas! sirs,
+what was I to do? for I was a weak woman, and
+there was no one to help me. Should I have slain
+him in his sleep, as Judith slew Holofernes? Once
+I thought to do so, and I took a dagger in my hand,
+but when I saw him I repented. Whether it was
+fear or love that turned me I know not. That I was
+afraid I know, for the very sight of the steel made
+me tremble. And I must confess that I loved him
+also, for he had been very kind and gentle with me;
+and there is not a goodlier man to look at in all
+Jerusalem.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Be comforted, my daughter,</q> said Shemaiah,
+whose years had taught him a tolerance to which
+<pb n='238'/><anchor id='Pg238'/>his younger companion had, perhaps, scarcely
+attained. <q>’Tis at least no sin for a wife to love
+her husband.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then you do not think me so wicked as to be
+beyond all hope?</q> cried poor Eglah, eagerly.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, my daughter,</q> said the old man; <q>you
+were in a sore strait, and all women are not as Judith
+was.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then you will not refuse to come into my house?
+I have a large cellar where you can lie hid. ’Tis
+under the ground, indeed, but airy and dry, and you
+can make shift to live there. And I will feed you as
+best I may. My husband has an open hand, and
+never makes any question as to the money that I
+spend upon the house, and he will not know what I
+have done. I judge it best to keep the thing from
+him, not because I fear that he would betray you—for
+he is an honourable man and kindly, but it would
+go hard with him, being an officer in the army of the
+King, if it should be discovered that he knew it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And so for two years Shemaiah and Joel had
+inhabited the cellar in Eglah’s house. Glaucus,
+the husband, was just the kindly, generous man
+whom his wife had described. Once or twice he
+had terrified her by some joking remark about the
+rapidity with which the provision purchased for the
+house disappeared. <q>When we dine together, my
+darling,</q> he said, on one occasion, <q>you eat what
+would be scarce enough for a well-favoured fly;
+<pb n='239'/><anchor id='Pg239'/>but I am glad to think that you are hungry at
+other times.</q> <q>O husband,</q> she said, <q>there are
+many poor of my own people, and I cannot deny
+them.</q> She hoped as she said it that the falsehood
+would not be counted as another sin against her.
+<q>Nay, nay, darling,</q> said the good-natured man.
+<q>Give as much as thou wilt. Thank the gods
+and his Highness the King I have enough and to
+spare.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Glaucus, though allowed to live in his own house,
+had, of course, to spend much time upon his military
+duties, and was, consequently, often away. During
+his absence Eglah could bring out the two prisoners
+from their underground lodging, and allow them to
+enjoy the fresh air of the garden, which, happily,
+was not overlooked. She gave them the best food
+that her means would procure, and at the same time
+took pains, as has been said, to keep their garments
+scrupulously clean and neat. On the whole they
+passed the time of their captivity in tolerable
+comfort, and without much injury to their health.
+Latterly they had been cheered by the tidings,
+always given to them at the very earliest opportunity
+by their hostess, of the successes of Judas.
+Within the last few days Glaucus had told his wife
+that a decisive battle was expected, that it would
+probably be fought at Beth-zur, and that if her
+countrymen won it, there was nothing that could
+hinder them from taking possession of Jerusalem.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='240'/><anchor id='Pg240'/>
+
+<p>
+Glaucus, who held a command in the garrison of
+the fort, had not been with Lysias at Beth-zur, but
+he had heard late on the evening of the day of the
+result of the battle and had, of course, told it to his
+wife, and she in turn had communicated it to her
+inmates. They had been scarcely able to sleep for
+joy, and had eagerly waited for news of the conqueror’s
+approach. Evening was come, and Eglah
+had not paid them the accustomed visit. The
+house was curiously silent; all day not a sound of
+voices or steps had reached their ears. And now
+the suspense had become unbearable. <q>Go forth,</q>
+said Shemaiah to his younger companion, <q>go
+forth, and bring me word again.</q> Joel crept out
+of his retreat. The streets were deserted; but the
+fortress was crowded. The garrison stood thickly
+clustered on the walls, and with them were many
+inhabitants of the city. It was easy to guess that
+what Glaucus had foretold had happened. Judas was
+on his way to take possession of Jerusalem, and all
+who had compromised themselves by resisting him,
+had either fled from the place altogether or had taken
+refuge in the fort. He returned to Shemaiah with
+a description of what he had seen, and the two
+at once hastened down to the walls to greet the
+deliverers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The sun was near its setting when they entered
+the city. Without turning to the right or left,
+though many must have been consumed with
+<pb n='241'/><anchor id='Pg241'/>anxiety to hear the fate of kinsmen and friends,
+they marched to Mount Sion. It was an hour of
+triumph, the fruition of hopes passionately cherished
+through many a dark day of sorrow. To stand once
+more in the place which God had chosen to set His
+name there, how glorious. But it had its bitterness,
+as such hours will have, for it was a miserable
+sight that greeted them. Nothing, indeed, had
+been done of which they had not heard. There
+was nothing that they might not have expected
+or foreseen. Yet the actual view of the holy place
+in its dismal forlornness overpowered them. It was
+as if the sight had come upon them by surprise.
+<q>When they saw the Sanctuary desolate and the
+altar profaned, and the gates burnt with fire, and
+shrubs growing in the courts as in a forest or one
+of the mountains, and the chambers of the priests
+pulled down, they rent their clothes, and made great
+lamentations, and cast ashes upon their heads, and
+fell down flat to the ground upon their faces.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+To repair this ruin, to put an end to this desolation,
+to purify the place which had been so shamefully
+polluted, was the first duty of the deliverers.
+But that the work might be done in peace it was
+necessary that the fortress of Acra, to use military
+language, should be masked. A strong force was
+told off to perform this duty; the rest would lend
+their aid to the great work of purification.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="20" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='242'/><anchor id='Pg242'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XX. The Cleansing of the Temple"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XX. The Cleansing of the Temple"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XX.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE CLEANSING OF THE TEMPLE.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Azariah and Micah had been put under John, the
+eldest of the five brothers, in command of the force
+employed to blockade the garrison of Acra. The
+night had passed quietly; the garrison had not
+attempted a sortie, and had not even harassed the
+besiegers with a discharge of missiles. And when
+the morning came they seemed inclined to continue
+the same inaction. From the high ground the two
+Jews looked down upon the Temple courts and saw
+the priests directing a crowd of eager helpers in the
+work of cleansing the Sanctuary, and labouring
+diligently with their own hands. The first task was
+to pull down the idol altar which had been erected
+on the altar of burnt-offering. This was done in a
+fury of haste. The hands of the workmen could
+not, it seemed, move fast enough in destroying the
+abominable thing. The stones were carried out of
+the temple with gestures of loathing and disgust,
+<pb n='243'/><anchor id='Pg243'/>and afterwards taken to the Valley of Hinnom—unholy
+things to be cast away in an unholy place.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the stones of the holy altar itself had been
+polluted by the superstructure that had been erected
+upon them. What was to be done with them? At
+least it was manifest that they could not stand where
+they were. Sacrifice could not be offered upon them.
+They were reverently detached from the cement
+which bound them together, and then borne one by
+one to a chamber of the Temple, where they were
+to be laid up till a prophet should arise who should
+show what was to be done with them. The first
+duty of dealing with the altar completed, came the
+work of cleansing and repairing the courts and
+chambers. The long, trailing creepers were pulled
+down; the weeds and shrubs were rooted out. The
+place was still a ruin, but the manifest signs of its
+desolation and abandonment were removed. So
+numerous and so eager were the labourers that for
+this part of the work a few hours sufficed. The
+task of reparation would, of necessity, be longer and
+more tedious.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah and Micah had been watching the work
+with perhaps a more absorbing interest than was
+quite consistent with their duty of watching the
+garrison, when suddenly one of the sentries blew
+an alarm. Scarcely had it sounded when a flight
+of arrows from the garrison of the fortress fell
+among the besiegers. The Greeks had watched
+<pb n='244'/><anchor id='Pg244'/>their opportunity, and when almost all eyes were
+turned on the work that was going on below, had
+sent a volley among the ranks of the enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This sudden attack did no little damage. One or
+two of the patriots were killed on the spot, several
+were seriously wounded; the others either covered
+themselves with their shields, a precaution which
+they ought not to have neglected, or sought refuge
+among the ruins.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah, though he had been caught a little off
+his guard, was not unprepared to deal with a
+manifestation of this kind. He had organized a
+company of slingers, and he now ordered them to
+advance and clear the wall of its defenders. They
+knelt with one knee upon the ground, and covered
+themselves with their shields. Under this shelter
+they loaded their slings. Then, rising rapidly at a
+preconcerted signal from their commander, they sent
+a simultaneous and well-directed shower of leaden
+bullets on the defenders of the wall. These missiles,
+sent with a skill and a strength in which the Jewish
+slingers were unsurpassed, had a marvellous effect.
+In a moment the wall was cleared, except that here
+and there along its length the dead and wounded
+might be seen. The survivors did not venture forth
+from shelter to carry them away. A fierce conflict
+followed. From the loopholes of the towers and
+from behind the battlements the Greek archers kept
+up the discharge of their arrows, and the Jewish
+<pb n='245'/><anchor id='Pg245'/>slingers replied. No great damage was done on
+either side; but every now and then a skilful aim
+at some exposed body or limb was followed by a cry
+of pain from the wounded man, and the cry was
+taken up by a shout of triumph from the hostile
+force. In the course of the afternoon a storm came
+on, with thunder and lightning and a deluge of rain.
+Before it had cleared away the light had failed, and
+hostilities had perforce to be suspended.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+About the beginning of the second watch<note place="foot">Nine o’clock, p.m.</note> Micah,
+who was making a round of the sentries, heard the
+sound of something that seemed to fall heavily upon
+the soft and plashy ground. The rain had ceased,
+and the sky had partially cleared; for a few minutes
+all was still; then Micah could hear a sighing
+which was not the sighing of the wind. He
+followed the guidance of the sound, and found a
+woman lying almost insensible upon the ground.
+He called one of the sentinels to help him, and
+together they carried her under shelter, and brought
+torches, by the light of which they might examine
+her injuries. That she was stunned by the fall was
+evident, for she did not speak, and when they
+attempted to move her she groaned with the pain.
+When left alone she did not seem to suffer much,
+and they judged it best to wait for the morning,
+administering meanwhile a little wine and water
+from time to time.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='246'/><anchor id='Pg246'/>
+
+<p>
+The next morning four of the soldiers were told
+off to remove her on a litter that had been constructed
+for the use of the wounded to a deserted
+house in the Lower City—and of deserted houses
+there was only too great a choice. As the bearers
+put down their burden on the way to take a brief
+rest a strange figure came up to the party. It was
+a woman, young and still showing the remains of
+beauty, but with a miserably haggard look. It was
+easy to see from her uncertain gait and wandering
+eye that she was a lunatic.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Huldah had been for some time a well-known
+figure in Jerusalem, and her story was of the saddest.
+She had been a servant in the house of Seraiah,
+and had been Ruth’s own waiting-maid. Returning
+home from some errand on which she had been sent
+one day at the beginning of Apollonius’s reign of
+terror, she had been seized by the attendants of the
+newly-dedicated Temple of Jupiter, and made a
+slave. Before many weeks had passed the cruel
+outrages to which she was subjected overthrew her
+reason. Thus become a trouble to her captors she
+was permitted to escape. Since then she had been
+accustomed to wander about the city. The horrors
+of the past still haunted her, and the recollection
+of the abominable idolatries in which she had
+been forced to serve. At every pool of water and
+fountain she would stay and wash. From every
+passer-by she would beg for something that might
+<pb n='247'/><anchor id='Pg247'/>serve for her cleansing: it was the one craving of
+her soul to be rid of its defilement. For food or
+money she never asked; but a few kindly souls
+in the city gave her enough to support life, and
+sometimes would renew the garments, threadbare,
+but always scrupulously neat and clean, which she
+wore. Of these friends the kindest was Eglah, who
+had a fellow-feeling for the sufferer, and who was
+always on the watch to atone by her charitable deeds
+for what she believed to be the great offence of her life.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Huldah cast a glance at the litter in passing, and
+at once recognized in the suffering woman her own
+benefactress. For indeed it was Eglah whom
+Micah had found under the fortress wall. The
+recognition made a marvellous change in the poor
+maniac. It turned her thoughts in another direction.
+She ceased to dwell upon her own sufferings,
+and, for the time at least, reason regained its sway.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+She knelt down by the side of the litter, and
+kissed one of the hands that hung listlessly down.
+Then, rising to her feet, she arranged the cushion
+on which Eglah lay so as to make it more comfortable.
+That done, she bade the bearers take up their
+burden, made a gesture of dissent when they were
+turning aside to the house to which they had been
+directed, and led the way to Eglah’s own dwelling.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The unhappy creature was positively transformed
+by the charge which had thus been laid upon her.
+The most intelligent and thoughtful nurse could not
+<pb n='248'/><anchor id='Pg248'/>have done better for her patient than did the poor
+distracted Huldah. A physician who was called in
+examined Eglah, and found that though she had
+been sadly bruised and shaken, no bones were broken.
+Whether any internal injury existed was more than
+he could positively say; that time alone would
+show. Meanwhile careful attention was all that
+could be done for her, and attention more careful
+than Huldah’s it would be impossible to imagine.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The two priests who had found shelter in Eglah’s
+house were naturally among those whom Judas had
+summoned to take part in the cleansing of the
+Temple when he made proclamation for all such
+as, being of the House of Aaron, were <q>of blameless
+conversation and had pleasure in the Law.</q> Posts
+of special dignity were, indeed, conferred upon them,
+for both were men of high reputation for sanctity
+and learning, which was not a little increased by the
+romantic story of their long seclusion and marvellous
+escape. Judas assigned them quarters near to his
+own, and was accustomed to have frequent recourse
+to their advice. They thus found themselves almost
+constantly employed, and were unable for several
+days to find an opportunity of inquiring what had
+happened to their protectress.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When at last they found their way to the house
+Eglah had sufficiently recovered her strength to be
+able to rise from her bed. She was sitting, busy
+with her needle. Huldah was watching her with
+<pb n='249'/><anchor id='Pg249'/>an intense look of affection that was infinitely
+pathetic.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The poor woman told her story with a voice that
+again and again was broken with sobs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>When I was preparing your morning meal in the
+kitchen my husband, whom I had never before
+known to set foot in the place, suddenly appeared.
+I was greatly terrified lest he should ask for whom I
+was getting the food ready, but he was too much occupied
+with other things to notice it at all. <q>Eglah,</q>
+he said, <q>you must come with me into the fort.
+Judas the Hammer has broken our army to pieces.
+Lysias has fled before him, no one knows whither,
+and within a few hours he will be in the city. I
+would have you here, for the fort is scarcely a place
+for a woman, but I fear your people. Haply they
+may slay you as having been yoked to a heathen.
+My darling,</q> he went on—and here poor Eglah’s
+voice was choked with tears—<q>I have done ill for
+you, I fear; but I meant it for the best. And now,
+I fear, you must cast in your lot with me. May the
+God whom you serve turn it for good.</q> So I gathered
+a few things together, and went with him. I thought
+many times that we should scarcely have reached the
+fort alive, for the people cursed us as we went, the
+women especially casting many bitter words at me
+as one that had left her people to join herself to the
+heathen. But my husband had some six or seven
+soldiers with him; and they were brave men and
+<pb n='250'/><anchor id='Pg250'/>well armed. We had not been many hours in the
+fort before there began a battle between the garrison
+and the soldiers of Judas. One of my husband’s
+men, who had gone in a spirit of folly and vanity
+to show his courage, was struck down with a stone,
+and my husband ran forth to drag him in. And just
+as he was returning, another stone from the slingers
+struck him on the back of his head. It was about
+the ninth hour of the day when he was wounded,
+and he lived till the beginning of the second watch,
+but he never spoke again.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Here the poor creature’s story became confused
+and broken, and her listeners could only guess what
+had followed. The tale of what followed must be
+told for her. <q><q>Ah!</q> said one of the soldiers,
+<q>Glaucus has it. He will never move again, I
+reckon. A good fellow, but overstrict.</q> <q>But how
+about the Jewish girl whom he calls his wife?</q>
+said the other; <q>I shall take her.</q> <q>Nay, nay;
+let there be fair play between us, comrade, as
+there has always been. Why you more than I?</q>
+<q>Because I was the first to speak.</q> <q>Not so; ’twas
+I that first spoke of her.</q> <q>Well, we won’t quarrel,
+comrade. No woman is good enough to separate
+old friends. Let us cast the dice for her, and the
+man that wins shall stand treat for a flagon of wine.</q>
+And then Eglah heard them cast the dice, and
+count the numbers—they would have twenty throws
+a-piece, they said—and curse and swear when they
+<pb n='251'/><anchor id='Pg251'/>threw low. And when they had finished their dice-throwing
+they came in to see how Glaucus fared;
+and just as they entered the chamber, he drew a long
+breath and died. One of them put his hand upon
+his heart and said, <q>’Tis all over with him; he will
+never toss a flagon or kiss a pretty girl again.</q> And
+then he laid his hand upon Eglah’s shoulder, and
+said, <q>Cheer up; we will find another husband for
+thee as good as he.</q> But the first said, <q>Nay, Timon,
+leave her alone. The women are not like us. You
+must give them a few hours to cry.</q> <q>Well, well,</q>
+said his comrade, <q>you were always soft-hearted.
+Let us come and have our flagon; there is no reason
+why we should wait for that.</q></q> The comrades went
+on their errand and left the widow alone with her
+dead husband. She kissed him, and cut off a little
+curl of his hair, and then went forth on the wall—for
+the chamber in which he lay was in one of the wall-towers—and
+threw herself down to the ground. It
+was better, she thought, to die than to sin again.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Daughter,</q> said Joel, <q>you should thank the
+Lord that, without your own doing, the tie that
+bound you to this heathen man is broken.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>O sir,</q> broke out the poor woman, <q>do not say
+so. I cannot find it in my heart to thank Him,
+though I do try to say in my heart, <q>Thy will be
+done.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Brother,</q> said the old Shemaiah, <q>you are too
+hard upon her. ’Tis right that a wife should mourn
+<pb n='252'/><anchor id='Pg252'/>for her husband, be he Jew or Greek. Before the
+Lord, I had thought ill of her had she been of the
+temper that you would have her.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Eglah turned to the old man a grateful look. <q>O
+sir,</q> she said, <q>you do not know how kind and good
+my Glaucus was. I never had an angry word from
+him. Nor did he ever hinder me from my prayers.
+Rather he would say when I went three times to my
+chamber to pray, <q>Speak a word for me, wife, if you
+will.</q> And he would oftentimes speak to me about
+my God, and say that he liked Him better than the
+gods in whom <hi rend='italic'>he</hi> had been taught to believe. And I
+used to tell him stories out of the Book, and how the
+Lord had delivered his people out of the land of
+Egypt, and had brought them into the land which
+He sware to Abraham to give him. And he never
+mocked or laughed, but listened with all his heart.
+And, sir, I do sometimes think that if he had been
+spared to live longer, he would have become one of
+us. But he is dead, and I shall never, never see him
+any more.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the poor desolate widow burst out into a
+passion of tears, and threw herself prostrate on the
+couch, Huldah trying to comfort her, not with
+words—which, indeed, she could not command,
+and which, in any case, would have been of small
+avail—but with great demonstrations of love.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After a while Eglah looked up, and turning to
+Shemaiah, in whose sympathy and charity she
+<pb n='253'/><anchor id='Pg253'/>trusted, said, <q>O, sir, do you think that there is
+any hope for him? Must he go into that dreadful
+Gehenna? For indeed he was kind and good, and
+never thought of any woman but his wife, and never
+injured one of our people, but would help them and
+defend them when his fellows were rough with them.
+He was better than many Jews that I know. Is it
+not possible that God may have mercy upon him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Joel was about to speak, but Shemaiah beckoned
+to him to hold his peace. <q>My daughter,</q> he said,
+<q>these things are too deep for us; but I would say,
+be of good hope for him that is gone, seeing that he
+was such as you say. Shall not the Judge of all the
+earth do right? To some He giveth much light,
+and to some but little; and He judgeth each
+according to that which He has given. Therefore
+I bid you be of good cheer.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And may I pray for him?</q> asked Eglah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Surely you may, for no prayer, so that it come
+out of an honest heart and pure lips, but finds some
+fulfilment.</q><note place="foot">There seems to have been a belief among the Jews of this time in
+the efficacy of prayers for the dead. So we read in 2 Maccabees xii.
+45: <q>Whereupon he made a reconciliation for the dead that they
+might be delivered from sin.</q> This is probably the chief reason why
+the Council of Trent included the Books of Maccabees and other
+Apocryphal writings in the Canon of Scripture.</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He rose and, giving her his blessing, departed,
+followed by Joel, whose narrow intelligence was not
+a little startled by what his old companion had said.
+</p>
+</div><div type="chapter" n="21" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='254'/><anchor id='Pg254'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXI. The Dedication of the Temple"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXI. The Dedication of the Temple"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXI.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE DEDICATION OF THE TEMPLE.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Jerusalem now began to assume an aspect very
+different from that which it had borne for some
+years past. Thousands, who had been driven away
+by the terrors of the evil days, now hastened to
+return. Many of the lower class, constrained by
+the necessity of poverty, had always remained,
+enduring persecution as best they could, and often,
+of course, escaping it by their obscurity. Now the
+wealthier inhabitants began to flock back from their
+hiding-places in the country and from foreign lands;
+the streets again began to be busy; the shopkeepers
+displayed the wares which there had been
+no one to purchase, or which they had been afraid
+to show; the long-shut markets were reopened and
+thronged with purchasers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The priests alone, gathered as they were from
+their abodes scattered throughout Palestine, made
+a considerable addition to the population of the
+<pb n='255'/><anchor id='Pg255'/>city. They were a numerous class, far beyond
+any requirements of their sacrificial duties, and
+commonly remained at home, awaiting the rarely
+recurring occasion of services that called them to
+Jerusalem. But now a work was before them in
+which all could take part, for the Temple, having
+been cleansed and having received such repair as
+could be done at once, was to be dedicated afresh.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The first necessary work was the construction
+of a new altar of sacrifice. This work was to be
+of the primitive kind, in strict conformity to the
+Law, and as unlike as possible to the elaborate
+erections of the alien worship, and it was to be
+done, from first to last, by the consecrated hands
+of the priests. They dug out of the earth of the
+valley rough stones. No tool of iron was to be
+used in raising them from their place; none was
+to be employed in hewing them into shape. It was
+the priests again who solemnly conveyed them into
+the Great Court of the Temple, who joined them
+together with mortar, and covered them with whitewash.
+Meanwhile other preparations for a wholly
+renovated service were being busily carried on.
+Most of the furniture of the Temple had been
+carried off by a succession of plunderers; if any of
+the less valuable and less easily removed articles
+had been left these had suffered an irremediable
+defilement. Everything therefore had to be replaced;
+and workmen were now busily employed
+<pb n='256'/><anchor id='Pg256'/>in this work. The altar of incense, the candlestick
+with its seven branches, the table on which the
+loaves of the shew-bread were to be placed, the
+mercy-seat with the overshadowing cherubim that
+was the chief feature of the Holy of Holies, and
+the various curtains that were needed for the
+separation of the various parts of the building,
+were manufactured with all possible haste, some
+of the articles, from lack of time and materials,
+being intended to serve their purpose only till they
+could be more worthily replaced. Generally, however,
+it was time rather than means that was
+wanting, for in the late campaigns treasure almost
+enough to replace the spoliations of years had been
+taken from the Greeks, and this, after being duly
+purified and blessed, could be devoted to holy uses.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And so came on the day that had been appointed
+for the Feast of Dedication. It was to be the 25th
+of the month Chisleu.<note place="foot">The month Chisleu about corresponds to our December.</note> It was a memorable day,
+both for good and evil, in the annals of Jewish
+worship. On this day, ages before, Jerusalem, the
+newly-won capital of the nation, had been finally
+chosen as the place where God should set His
+name; for on this day David, as he made atonement
+in the day of pestilence, bought the threshing-floor
+of Araunah the Jebusite to be the future dwelling-place
+of the Presence of the Lord God of Israel.
+And on this day, again, five years ago, the first
+<pb n='257'/><anchor id='Pg257'/>idol sacrifice had been offered within the consecrated
+precincts.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+In the early morning, before the sun had risen upon
+the earth, a spark was obtained by striking stone
+against stone, the fire was rekindled on the altar,
+the golden candlestick was lighted and the table of
+the shew-bread duly furnished with its twelve loaves.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the rest of the people also had been
+busy in making preparations for the great celebration.
+Every family, even the poorest, was to keep
+festival on the day that was to be a new beginning
+of the national life. The women and children were
+early afoot, gathering branches of palms and other
+<q>goodly trees</q>; none of them having busier hands
+than Ruth and her nieces. Even the little Daniel
+would take his part in the work, tottering along
+by his mother’s side with his arms full of boughs.
+When they had gathered as great a burden as they
+could carry, Ruth gathered her little company about
+her, and told them, just as the rising sun began
+to flood the valley with its slanting rays, the story
+of the day—of the glory and the shame which it
+had brought to Israel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now, as the time of the morning sacrifice
+drew near, the whole people moved in one great
+stream towards the Temple, and the Great Court
+was crowded. On the walls of the fortress the
+heathen soldiers of the garrison stood in throngs
+watching the solemnities of the day. Some of them,
+<pb n='258'/><anchor id='Pg258'/>of course, were ready with their mockery; but most
+looked on in respectful silence. Many of them had
+witnessed the prowess of these strange fanatics in
+the field. They might be given over to a <q>senseless
+and tasteless superstition,</q> but they could
+deal shrewd blows with their swords, and therefore
+they were not to be despised. No truce had been
+arranged, but one was tacitly observed. The forbearance
+of the Greeks was partly due to a wholesome
+awe of the Jewish archers and slingers, partly
+to a curiosity that, as has been said, was not wholly
+unmixed with respect.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then came the solemn ritual of sacrifice. This
+ended, the whole congregation of the people united
+in solemn supplication to the Lord God of Israel.
+Usually it was the custom to stand during the office
+of prayer; sometimes the attitude of kneeling was
+used; now, as if to express the intensity of their
+feeling, they threw themselves flat upon their faces,
+and poured out their entreaty that evils such as
+they had endured in the past might never again
+come upon them in the future. <q>O Lord,</q>—this
+was the burden of their prayer,—<q>if we sin against
+Thee any more, do Thou chasten us Thyself with
+Thine own hand, after the multitude of Thy mercies.
+Make us suffer that which shall seem good to Thee
+here in our own land, but scatter us no more among
+the heathen, and deliver us not again unto the nations
+that blaspheme Thy holy name.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='259'/><anchor id='Pg259'/>
+
+<p>
+The prayer ended, came the great Psalm of Thanksgiving;
+and then the people dispersed to their houses
+to hold festival. Their mirth was prolonged far into
+the night, which, indeed, was almost turned into day
+throughout the streets of Jerusalem, so brilliant was
+the light that streamed from the lamps set in almost
+every window.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+For eight days the Feast of Dedication was continued.
+Each day the services began with the
+customary morning sacrifice. At earliest dawn the
+Master of the Temple summoned the priests who
+had been watching round the fire in the gate-house
+as they waited for his summons. Then they went
+out and fetched the lamb for the burnt-offering.
+The creature had already been examined on the
+previous day, and pronounced to be free from spot or
+blemish. This done, they went outside the court in
+which the great altar stood, and watched for the
+coming day. The Mount of Olives stood between
+them and the East, and far behind it were the
+mountains of Moab. Here the first streaks of the
+morning light were to show themselves. Then the
+priest whose turn it was to slay the victim of the day
+bathed in the great laver. Thus purified for the
+performance of his office, he stirred up the burning
+embers from under the ashes of the altar, and added
+fresh fuel. This done, he was joined by the other
+priests, and the morning sacrifice was offered. Then
+followed the special ceremonies of the festival,
+<pb n='260'/><anchor id='Pg260'/>among them the prayer for deliverance from captivity,
+as already given, and the singing of the great
+Thanksgiving. And every day the public services
+were followed by private rejoicings. No one could
+have believed that the rejoicing city, gay with its
+brightly dressed throngs of merry-makers and resounding
+with the music of tabret and harp, was the
+desolate place so long trodden down by the heathen.
+There had been days in the past when the most
+hopeful could scarcely discern any light in the darkness.
+But now they could see the <q>silver lining of
+the cloud.</q> In this very Temple, now dedicated
+afresh with such joyous zeal, but a few years before,
+the priests <q>had left the sacrifices when the game
+of the Discus called them forth.</q> That deadly folly
+had been purged with blood. The brutal violence
+of Antiochus had saved the nation from an imminent
+relapse into heathenism.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among the many hearts that were gladdened by
+these rejoicings there was one, as sorely burdened
+as any, that had found a complete deliverance from
+the troubles of the past. The unhappy Huldah, in
+proportion as her charge gained strength, and her
+work became less absorbing, had seemed to be falling
+back into her old condition. For the time her
+thoughts had been concentrated on the suffering
+Eglah; now they were free to be turned upon herself,
+her own troubles, her own dismal memories.
+Eglah did all she could to keep her employed, and
+<pb n='261'/><anchor id='Pg261'/>the girl’s gentle and affectionate nature still felt
+her influence. Yet it was evident that unless some
+remedy could be found the old madness would resume
+its sway.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the first day of the Dedication festival, the two
+were standing together in the Court of the Women.
+The priests, who were making a circuit of the whole
+building, sprinkling everywhere the blood of purification,
+came in due course to the spot. As they
+performed their office a drop fell upon the garment
+of Huldah, who had been joining in the prayers
+with an earnestness almost frenzied. The effect was
+marvellous. In a moment the excitement passed
+away. Her eyes lost their wandering look, and, in a
+tone calmer and more collected than any that she
+had ever before been known to use since the time of
+her trouble, she said, showing the crimson spot to
+Eglah—<q>He has heard my prayer; He has sprinkled
+me with the blood of cleansing.</q> She stood silent
+and collected until the whole ritual was finished, and
+when the time for the hymn of thanksgiving came
+round joined her voice with a quiet happiness to the
+voices of the congregation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the people returned to their homes Huldah
+left the Temple in company with Eglah. But it was
+evident that her strength was exhausted. She could
+barely totter along with all the help that Eglah
+and a neighbour could give her, and when she came
+to the house of Seraiah and Ruth, which happened
+<pb n='262'/><anchor id='Pg262'/>to lie in her way, she sank almost unconscious to
+the ground. Providentially at that moment Ruth
+came up with her husband and the little Daniel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>She seemed so much better in the Temple—was
+quite calm and peaceful again—and now I am afraid
+that she is going to be very ill,</q> said Eglah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Woman’s wit suggested to Ruth a happy thought
+for dealing with the sufferer.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Leave her to me,</q> she said. <q>She was happy
+here once, and here, if it please the Lord, she will
+be happy again.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth and her husband carried her into the house,
+and laid her upon her bed in her old chamber.
+Once there she was able to swallow a little broth
+which had been hastily prepared, cast one grateful
+look of recognition at her old mistress, and then fell
+into a deep sleep. The next morning she awoke,
+entirely restored to reason, and, though still somewhat
+weak, able to go about the household tasks in
+which she had been once employed, and which she
+resumed at once without a question, and as if, indeed,
+they had never been interrupted for a day. The
+three years of misery were entirely blotted out of her
+memory; nor did any spectre from the past ever
+come back to trouble her.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="22" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='263'/><anchor id='Pg263'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXII. Wars and Rumours of Wars"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXII. Wars and Rumours of Wars"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">WARS AND RUMOURS OF WARS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The Feast of Dedication having been kept and
+made an ordinance in Israel for ever,<note place="foot">See S. John x. 22, 23: <q>And it was at Jerusalem the Feast of the
+Dedication, and it was winter. And Jesus walked in the Temple, in
+Solomon’s <corr sic="(no end quote)">porch.</corr></q></note> Judas’s next
+act was to fortify the restored Temple. It was
+exposed, even more than the rest of the city, to a
+sudden attack from the garrison of the fort, which
+might work irreparable mischief could it gain, even
+for an hour, possession of the sacred building. Accordingly
+a high wall, strengthened at intervals by
+towers, was now erected round it, and a force was
+told off from the army to watch it. This done, the
+patriot leader could attend without anxiety to other
+cares. At Beth-zur a fortress was erected and
+strongly garrisoned to guard the Eastern frontier
+especially against the attacks of the Idumeans, who,
+under their new name, inherited all the old Edomite
+jealousy of Israel. After personally superintending
+<pb n='264'/><anchor id='Pg264'/>the erection of this stronghold, Judas marched
+against other tribes on the east and south, who had
+been taking advantage of the troublous times to
+plunder their Jewish neighbours. The Arabs of the
+Negeb, or South Country, were defeated at a pass
+near the Dead Sea, which bore the appropriate name
+of the Pass of the Scorpions; the Ammonites,
+another tribe whose kinship with the chosen people
+seems to have embittered their hereditary enmity,
+were defeated under their Greek leader, Timotheus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile life at Jerusalem had been settling
+down into a peaceful order. The younger of the
+two priests whom Eglah had befriended had found
+scope for his energies by joining the army;
+Shemaiah, the elder, was again an inmate in the
+house which had sheltered him, where Eglah, who
+had never forgotten the charity with which he had
+spoken of her husband, tended him with all the care
+of a daughter. The old man was never tired of
+hearing the story of the two dismal years during
+which he had been in hiding.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah, father!</q> she said to him one day, <q>you
+were not so ill off in your poor prison after all.
+Had you had your liberty you would have seen
+altars to the false gods in every street. And it
+was not safe to pass them without showing some
+sign of reverence.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And how did you fare, my daughter?</q> asked the
+old man.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='265'/><anchor id='Pg265'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>I could avoid them, knowing where they were,
+by passing by on the other side, and my good
+Glaucus—the Lord have mercy on him!—was
+always kind and helpful. He would fetch the water
+regularly from the fountain, where there was an altar
+to the Naiad, as they called the demon of the spring,
+which I could not have avoided. The people used
+to laugh at him for doing a woman’s work, but he
+did not heed them. O why was he taken away
+before he could learn the truth? I think that he
+would have known it if he could have lived a little
+longer.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the poor woman burst into a passion of tears.
+She was always haunted with this fear of her husband’s
+fate, and reproached herself with not having
+been earnest enough in speaking of the truth to her
+husband.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Peace, my daughter,</q> said the old man, gently;
+<q>the mercies of the Lord are without end, and His
+ways past finding out. Be sure that He will not
+forget the kindness that was showed to a daughter
+of Abraham. But tell me,</q> he went on, anxious to
+change the subject—<q>tell me how we came to find
+the courts of the Temple desolate and overgrown as
+though no one had entered them for months? Did
+you not say that there were sacrifices there, and
+feasts to the demons whom the Greeks worship?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, father; it was so for a time. But soon
+there were few or none to make sacrifices, for the
+<pb n='266'/><anchor id='Pg266'/>city was utterly impoverished. So the priests, whom
+Philip the Phrygian and Apollonius—the curse of
+the Lord be upon him!—brought in to serve at the
+altars, went elsewhere, for, of a truth, they would
+have died of hunger had they stayed here. O
+father, it was a mournful existence; of a truth we
+were fed with the bread of affliction and the water
+of affliction.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As they talked Ruth came in with a troubled
+face.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>O Eglah!</q> she cried, <q>I did hope that we
+should have peace and quiet, but there are wars and
+rumours of wars on every side. This morning letters
+came to the captain from our brethren in Gilead.
+That evil Timotheus—would to God he had not
+escaped out of the hand of Judas!—has gathered
+together a host of the Ammonites and slain some—a
+thousand, ’tis said, with their wives and children,
+and shut up the rest in the fortress of Dametha.
+And now my husband and my brother are in council
+with the captain, and I fear me much that they will
+be sent to the wars, for indeed,</q> she added, with a
+touch of a woman’s pride in those that are dear to
+her, <q>Judas esteems them highly, and will always
+have them in places of trust. Nor would I keep
+them back from helping the Lord’s people. But
+hark! I hear his step.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As she spoke Seraiah came in from the council.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How is it?</q> cried Ruth, with trembling voice,
+<pb n='267'/><anchor id='Pg267'/>her fears again getting the upper hand. <q>Do you
+go? and Azariah?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, my dearest, I go, and next in command to
+the captain and his brothers.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth flung her arms round her husband’s neck.
+<q>Oh! I am proud of you; but yet if you could have
+stayed, for our little Daniel is so young——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And she could say no more.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, wife, be of good cheer, and do not grudge
+us to the Lord’s service, for indeed there is need of
+us all. Even while the letters from Gilead were
+being read there came messengers from Galilee with
+their clothes rent. From them we heard that the
+men of Ptolemaïs and of Tyre and Sidon and all
+Galilee of the Gentiles were gathered together.
+Then it was determined that Simon should go to
+Galilee with three thousand men, and Judas and
+Jonathan to Gilead.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what of Azariah?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He and Joseph, the son of Zachariah, are to be
+left in the city with the remnant of the army as
+captains of the people. They are to have the
+Governor’s house, and you, with our little Daniel,
+will live there while I am away. This will be well
+for you, and for Miriam and Judith also, for there
+will be many coming and going, and Miriam is a fair
+maiden, as she should be, being kin to you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth smiled through her tears at the lover-like
+compliment.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='268'/><anchor id='Pg268'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come now,</q> Seraiah went on, <q>and get ready
+what I shall want for my journey, for we set out
+at sunset.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The two women kissed each other, and the old
+priest blessed Seraiah. <q>The Lord give thee strength
+in the day of battle, and deliver thee out of the hand
+of the enemy, and bring thee back to the house of
+thy fathers.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At sunset exactly—for Judas was one of the
+commanders who are exactly and punctually obeyed—the
+two expeditions set forth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Their departure was, of course, observed by the
+garrison of the fort, who were encouraged by it to
+make some fierce sallies on the diminished forces
+of the patriots. These were as fiercely repelled, and
+in a few days things settled down again into the
+virtual truce which had existed for some time
+between besiegers and besieged.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Eight days after the departure of the expeditions
+tidings of victory came from the main army under
+Judas. The captain of the host had taken Bozrah,
+in Edom. The place lay at least a hundred miles
+to the east; but the patriots had covered the distance
+with unexpected rapidity, and, reaching the
+place before there had been any notion of their
+approach, had taken it almost without resistance.
+The messenger had left, he said, as soon as the place
+was taken, but Judas had marched the same night to
+Dametha, which was in urgent need of relief.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='269'/><anchor id='Pg269'/>
+
+<p>
+The next day came in tidings of further success.
+Dametha and its garrison, with the crowd of helpless
+fugitives which had sought shelter within its
+walls, was safe. The night march from Bozrah
+had been made just in time. Had it been delayed
+till morning it might well have been too late.
+The Ammonites had chosen that very day for a
+fierce assault upon the place. Just as the day was
+dawning and the assailants were close under the
+walls Judas had appeared. His approach had been
+observed by the besieged, who had watched it from
+the citadel, but the assailants were taken by surprise.
+Hemmed in between two attacking forces, the
+garrison who made a sortie from the town and the
+army of the patriots in the rear, they had been
+utterly routed. Timotheus had barely escaped with
+his life, and had fled northward, followed by Judas
+in hot pursuit. A few days afterwards came the
+news that the campaign was at an end—begun and
+finished within the space of two weeks. This time
+the captain had found time to write a despatch. It
+ran thus:—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Judas, Captain of the Lord’s host, to Azariah,
+greeting. Know that the Lord has delivered the
+enemy into our hands. Timotheus, having suffered
+defeat at Dametha, fled northward to a temple where
+the heathen worship the <q>Two-horned Ashtaroth,</q>
+a strong place by nature and skilfully fortified. I
+judged it better that I should not spill the blood of
+<pb n='270'/><anchor id='Pg270'/>the people of the Lord in assaulting it, and so,
+having cleared the walls of defenders by help of my
+slingers, I surrounded it with great quantities of
+faggots. To these I caused fire to be set, nor did
+my slingers suffer the Ammonites to approach to put
+out the flames. In the end the whole was consumed,
+and Timotheus perished in the fire. The Lord has
+rewarded him according to his deeds. So much
+for what has been done: now for what remains to
+do. This country is not as yet a safe dwelling-place,
+and will not be till the heathen shall be
+more thoroughly subdued. It is my purpose, therefore,
+to bring the people of this land to Jerusalem.
+Provide, to the best of your ability, for their food and
+<corr sic="lodging">lodging.</corr> Farewell!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The exultation felt by the people at Jerusalem when
+the tidings of their final victory reached them passes
+description. The times of David, they were sure,
+were about to return. The promise was once again
+to be fulfilled—<q>He shall reign from the flood
+[the Euphrates], unto the world’s end.</q> In the
+Temple chant of the day the words went—<q>I will
+not be afraid of ten thousands of the people that
+have set themselves against me round about.
+Up, Lord, and help me, O my God, for Thou
+smitest all Thine enemies upon the cheek-bone.
+Thou hast broken the teeth of the ungodly.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But when tidings of still further victories, won by
+Simon in Galilee, came in to swell the popular
+<pb n='271'/><anchor id='Pg271'/>enthusiasm, there was a certain change of feeling,
+something of the jealousy that almost inevitably
+springs up when great deeds are done. Joseph and
+Azariah chafed at the life of inaction which they
+were forced to live at Jerusalem, and what they
+thought in their hearts the soldiers did not hesitate
+to express openly. <q>Let us also,</q> so ran the common
+talk—<q>let us also get for ourselves a name,
+and go and fight against the enemies of the Lord.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the day after the tidings of Simon’s victories
+came in the two captains were waited upon by a
+deputation of soldiers, who came to urge that they
+might be relieved from the inaction to which they
+were condemned, an inaction made all the more
+hard to bear by the glories that were being won
+elsewhere. Azariah and Joseph listened with attention,
+and, indeed, were at no pains to hide their
+sympathy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The men are right,</q> said Joseph, when the
+deputation had withdrawn. <q>They will lose all
+heart if we keep them idling here.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In my heart I am inclined to agree with you,</q>
+answered his colleague; <q>but what did the captain
+say?—<q>Watch the garrison of the heathen that they
+do no hurt to the city and the Holy Place while we
+are away.</q> But he said nothing of going elsewhere,
+and I should be unwilling to disobey him, for, beyond
+all doubt, the Lord is with him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, brother, you are too narrow in your
+<pb n='272'/><anchor id='Pg272'/>thoughts of obeying. We obey him best if we do
+the best that we can for the cause of the Lord.
+And though I honour Judas greatly, yet he is but a
+captain in the Lord’s host, even as we are. Why
+should we not do as he has done? And tell me,
+Azariah,</q> he went on, <q>do you think that the vision
+which you saw when the angel of the Lord brought
+you a sword with the Name written on it has been
+altogether fulfilled? Shall this sword which he
+bade you use for the Lord always abide in the
+scabbard? Is this the life to which you are
+called?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You speak truly,</q> said Azariah. <q>I can scarcely
+be faithful to my trust if I suffer the sword of the
+Lord to rust. But tell me, what think you we had
+best do?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Gorgias,</q> said Joseph, <q>is encamped at Jamnia,
+and does great mischief to the land and the people;
+if we can drive him out we shall earn great thanks
+both from the captain and from our brethren.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The resolution of the commanders was heard with
+unmingled delight by their men, and with almost
+equal pleasure by the inhabitants of the city. Some
+of the more cautious disapproved, and Shemaiah
+even made his way to the Governor’s house—no easy
+task for his scanty strength—and remonstrated with
+Azariah. <q>My son,</q> said he, <q>your strength is to
+sit still. Make not too much speed, and be not
+over-bold.</q> He was listened to with respect, and
+<pb n='273'/><anchor id='Pg273'/>even with some compunction on Azariah’s part.
+But it seemed too late to retreat. To hold back now
+would infallibly give rise to the charge of cowardice,
+and Azariah, brave as a lion against all outward
+danger, had not the rare moral courage which would
+have enabled him to face such an accusation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+At sunrise on the day after the resolution had been
+taken, the expedition set out with confident expectation
+of victory, and watched from the walls by an
+eager multitude. At sunset a miserable remnant
+came straggling back into the city. They had fared,
+as their fathers had fared many centuries before,
+when, with the like unauthorized daring, they had
+assaulted the hill fortress of Ai, and had returned,
+bringing discouragement with them. Gorgias had
+sallied out from his hill fortress, had charged the
+Jewish force with full advantage of the ground, and
+had driven them in headlong flight before them.
+Azariah and Joseph had done all that leaders could
+do to turn the tide of battle, but their efforts had
+been in vain. Two thousand men had fallen, the
+wounded being, perforce, left to the mercy or cruelty
+of the enemy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The city was filled with mourning for the dead;
+and, of course, there was a rapid revulsion of feeling
+against the leaders whose rash action had ended in
+such disaster. <q>Who are these men,</q> was the
+general cry, <q>who have caused the people of the
+Lord to perish? They are not of the seed of those
+by whose hand deliverance is given to Israel.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="23" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='274'/><anchor id='Pg274'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXIII. More Victories"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXIII. More Victories"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXIII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">MORE VICTORIES.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The heathen in the fort observed the return as they
+had observed the departure of the expedition that
+had ended so disastrously. Their sallies became
+fiercer and more frequent, and Azariah, his forces
+weakened by the loss of two thousand men, found it
+difficult to repel them. Nothing could have exceeded
+the energy with which he devoted himself to this
+duty, or the courage with which he executed it.
+Night and day he was at his post, for it was here
+only that he found a refuge from the anguish and
+doubt which tormented him; here only the reproaches
+of the widows of the slain could not follow
+him. He allowed himself no rest; sleep he seemed
+absolutely to do without, and food he hastily snatched
+at any moment when the opportunity offered.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One remission only from this task he allowed himself,
+and this because it was a duty. He paid a
+daily visit to his children. They, too, poor little
+souls, had not escaped a share in the trouble. The
+<pb n='275'/><anchor id='Pg275'/>life which they had led for the last two years had
+developed their understanding beyond their age, and
+they felt, if they did not fully appreciate, their
+father’s unhappiness. One consolation they had,
+the care of two little orphans—the father had fallen
+in the expedition, and the mother had been struck
+down by the news of her husband’s death—who had
+been taken into the house and put under the charge
+of the elderly kinswoman who looked after Azariah’s
+household.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On one of these occasions he found the aged
+Shemaiah. His first impulse was to avoid the old
+man, but a few words of sympathy overcame him;
+his self-control broke down, and hiding his face in
+his robe he shed the rare and painful tears of a man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the first outburst of grief was over he
+spoke.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell me, father, why has God forsaken His
+servant who trusted in Him. I went out in faith—and
+see the end. Would that I had died in the
+battle!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My son, may it not be that you tempted the
+Lord? Did you count the cost when you went
+forth against Gorgias, whether you had force sufficient
+for the attack, or skill to handle it?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Does faith, then, go for nothing? Had Judas
+men enough, as soldiers reckon in such matters,
+or skill enough, seeing that he had had no experience
+in war, when he overthrew Apollonius?
+<pb n='276'/><anchor id='Pg276'/>Yet the Lord gave him the victory because he
+trusted in Him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My son, God gave the victory to Judas, having
+first given him not strength only and courage, but
+skill also and understanding. He gives not the
+same gifts to all: to Moses wisdom and learning, but
+to Aaron eloquent speech; to David the arts of war,
+but to Solomon the arts of peace. Think you that
+because you are a servant of the Lord, you are
+therefore to choose the service that you will do?
+You would be captain of the Lord’s host like Judas.
+Would you also indite psalms with David, and
+devise proverbs with Solomon? The Spirit of the
+Lord divideth to every man severally as He will.
+To Mattathias He gave discernment to see in Judas
+the leader and commander of the people, and the
+people were obedient to him. And so Judas discerned
+in you one who might be entrusted with the
+defence of the city, but not with the warfare against
+the heathen that are without. This was your
+service, but you were not content with it. Think
+not that the Lord has forgotten you, but rather that
+you have left the place in which you were set.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+This was plain speaking, but given with such
+gentleness and sympathy that the rebuke healed
+more than it wounded. Humbled yet comforted,
+Azariah returned to his post before the fortress.
+But he could not forget that his great trial was yet
+to come. Nor was it long delayed. The next day
+<pb n='277'/><anchor id='Pg277'/>it was evident that something was happening that
+had attracted the attention of the garrison. The
+highest tower was crowded with soldiers who were
+intently watching something that could not be
+seen from below. And indeed it was a remarkable
+spectacle. Judas was returning with his victorious
+army, escorting at the same time a vast crowd of
+non-combatants, men, women, and children, the
+whole population of the country beyond Jordan,
+which could no longer be inhabited with safety, and
+all Jerusalem had gone out to meet the champion.
+Then, in a moment, the tower was deserted, the
+gates were thrown open, and a furious sortie, the
+last that could be attempted with any hope of success,
+was made with the whole force of the garrison. It
+was with a desperate courage that Azariah repelled
+the attack. Never had he exposed himself so
+recklessly. He could almost have wished to fall in
+the fight; for now the dreaded meeting was at hand,
+and he had to render up to his chief the trust which
+he had so abused. The attack was repelled, and
+then Azariah had to remain in an inaction that was
+almost unbearable till he should be summoned to the
+interview with his chief.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The sun was just setting when a soldier presented
+himself, and, after saluting, said, <q>The general seeks
+you.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Has he summoned the council?</q> asked Azariah,
+who dreaded a public censure.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='278'/><anchor id='Pg278'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> said the man; <q>he is alone.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And Azariah followed him to the captain’s house,
+with such a tremor in his heart as no dangers of
+battle had ever caused.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+What followed at the meeting was never known,
+save as far as the result was concerned. Shemaiah
+was awaiting his return, and the first glance showed
+the old man that things had gone well with his
+friend. The burden of trouble was gone. Azariah
+looked brighter and more cheerful—so great is the
+force of reaction—than he had done since he had lost
+his Hannah. Shemaiah felt that there was no need
+to question him, and waited in silence for what his
+friend should please to tell him. What he heard
+was this:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The captain would have kept me in the office to
+which he appointed me when he departed. He said—and
+I repeat his words, not for my own glory, but
+for a proof of his generosity—<q>No man could have
+better kept the heathen from the fort in check than
+you have done. Therefore, I would have you stay
+where you are. I must go again to the wars, for
+the Idumeans and the Philistines have to be subdued.
+And I shall go with a lighter heart, leaving
+the defence of the city in your hands.</q> But I said
+to him, <q>O my lord, let me rather go with you.
+You have accomplished to the full the work unto
+which you were sent of God, and have come back,
+having redeemed from captivity and death our
+<pb n='279'/><anchor id='Pg279'/>brethren from beyond the river, nor lost one of
+your own people. But I, going in the presumption
+of my heart to a warfare unto which I was not sent,
+have accomplished nothing; I have wrought no
+deliverance for my people, and the bones of two
+thousand of my brethren lie scattered on the plain.
+Henceforth I am but a sword in the hand of the
+servant of the Lord.</q> But the captain said nothing.
+Let it be as he will. As for me, I am content, for
+I know that he has pardoned me.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Whatever the kind of service in which Judas
+might see fit to employ his lieutenant, it was
+clear that there would be no lack of work for him
+to do.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The victories of Judas in Gilead had been followed
+by successes won by Simon in Galilee. And from
+Galilee, as from Gilead, there had been a great
+migration of the inhabitants, who sought in Jerusalem
+a safer home than they could find in their
+own country.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now, at the head of a more powerful army
+than he had hitherto been able to collect, Judas set
+out. His first object was Hebron, which had for
+some time past been in the possession of the Idumeans.
+He took it by assault; it might almost be
+said, so unexpected was his coming, by surprise.
+Indeed, one cause of his success was the extraordinary
+rapidity and secrecy of his movements.
+Almost the moment that his plans were formed, he
+<pb n='280'/><anchor id='Pg280'/>was on his way to execute them. Even if there had
+been traitors or spies in his camp—and such were
+almost unknown—any information which they could
+send to the enemy was outstripped, so to speak, by
+his action. Hebron had to be abandoned after its
+capture, for he could not spare a sufficient garrison
+to hold it. All that could be done was to take care
+that it should not, for some time at least, become
+a stronghold of the enemy. Its citadel was destroyed;
+the towers on the wall burnt, and a furlong
+of the wall itself broken down.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+From Hebron the Jewish leader marched southward,
+and then turning eastward invaded the
+country of the Philistines. Azotus, which was
+supposed to be safe on account of its maritime
+position, and was, in consequence, negligently
+guarded, was assaulted with success, and its temples
+and altars destroyed, though Gorgias was still in
+force at Jamnia, only nine miles to the north.
+Several of the smaller Philistine towns were taken
+on the return march to Jerusalem; and altogether this
+people received a lesson which they were not likely
+soon to forget. All this was accomplished with very
+little loss. Joel, the priest, however, was killed at
+Azotus, where he had recklessly exposed himself in
+the attack.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Great as was the popular rejoicing at these victories,
+it was nothing to the exultation caused
+by the next tidings that reached
+Jerusalem—<pb n='281'/><anchor id='Pg281'/>Antiochus, the oppressor, the blasphemer—Antiochus
+was dead!
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The day after the return of the army a Syrian
+runner was caught while endeavouring to make
+his way into the fortress through the lines of the
+besiegers. He had been sent by Lysias with a
+despatch to the commander of the garrison. The
+document was of the briefest. It ran thus:
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; center; font-size: small"><q rend="post: none"><hi rend='italic'>Lysias, the Governor, to the most valiant Eucrates.</hi></q></p>
+
+<p rend="margin-bottom: 2; margin-left: 2; margin-right: 2; font-size: small">
+<q>Know that our most excellent Lord and King, Antiochus, surnamed
+the Illustrious, is dead in Persia. Let the soldiers that are with
+you swear allegiance to the son of our departed master by the name
+of Antiochus Eupator, which he has taken to himself in remembrance of
+the glories of his father.</q><note place="foot">Eupator means <q>Born of a great father.</q></note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The man, when questioned by Judas and the
+council, was able to supplement the bare news of
+the King’s death with some interesting details. He
+had had some talk with the messenger who had
+brought the tidings to Antioch, and had heard all
+that was as yet known. His story ran thus:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The King was in Persia when he heard how his
+armies had been defeated, not once or twice only,
+in the land of Judæa. Great was his rage—so great
+that for the space of three or four hours none dared
+to come near him. Then he summoned his counsellors
+to him, and said, <q>I will destroy this nation
+of rebels till there shall be not one of them left,</q>
+and giving up all other plans he marched westward
+<pb n='282'/><anchor id='Pg282'/>with all his army. But on his way he came to the
+city of Elymaïs, where there is a temple, the
+treasury of which is reputed to be more wealthy
+than any in the whole land of Persia, for it has
+never been spoiled within the memory of man. Even
+the great Alexander left it untouched, adding also
+much of the spoil which he had taken himself.
+This temple the father of the King had sought
+to plunder; but the people of the city rose against
+him, and drove him away. When the King came
+to this city he said, <q>Here is another nest of rebels.
+Did they not rise against the King, my father?
+Verily I will avenge his memory upon them.</q> So
+he went into the city, having some five hundred
+soldiers with him. And the magistrates received
+him with honour. And when he said, <q>I would see
+your temple and its treasures,</q> they consented.
+<q>Only,</q> they said, <q>it is our custom that no armed
+man may come within the precincts.</q> <q>Will you
+strip me of my sword?</q> said the King. <q>Not so,</q>
+they answered, <q>but your followers must be without
+any, and not more than ten in number.</q> When
+the King heard this he was greatly wroth, and said
+to the magistrates of the city, <q>I will come in
+despite of you.</q> So he went, he and his five
+hundred, to the square in which the temple stands.
+But he found the whole place filled with an armed
+multitude, and when he would have forced his way
+into the precincts he was beaten back, losing not
+<pb n='283'/><anchor id='Pg283'/>a few of his soldiers, and being himself struck on
+the head with a stone. After this, whether it was
+from his rage, which became more terrible than
+ever, or from any other cause, I know not; but the
+King was smitten with some disease, and could no
+longer ride, as he had been wont, but was carried
+in a litter. And they say that the stench of his
+wounds was so great that the men who bore the
+litter could scarcely endure it, but were changed
+continually. So they brought him to Tabol, in the
+land of Persia, and there he died, being terribly
+tormented with pain. And I heard that when
+he was dying, he cried out with a most lamentable
+voice repenting him of the wrong that he had done
+against the gods in robbing their temples.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Of what did he speak?</q> asked one of the council.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> said the man, <q>that I know not. Some
+said that he spoke of this Temple in Jerusalem, and
+some that it was the temple in Elymaïs, where men
+worship the moon-goddess, that was in his mind.
+But more I do not know.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas rose up in his place and repeated the last
+words of that great triumphal chant in which more
+than a thousand years before Deborah and Barak
+had celebrated the overthrow of another king who
+had mightily oppressed the children of Israel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So let all Thine enemies perish, O Lord, but let
+them that love Him be as the sun when he goeth
+forth in his might.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="24" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='284'/><anchor id='Pg284'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXIV. The Sabbatical Year"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXIV. The Sabbatical Year"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXIV.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE SABBATICAL YEAR.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+A time was now approaching to which the responsible
+leaders of the people looked forward, for
+the most part, with great anxiety. This was the
+Sabbatical year. During a whole twelve months it
+would not be lawful to carry on any offensive war,
+or, a far more serious matter, to till the ground.
+Debate ran high as to whether the Law could be
+observed in its strictness. There were many who
+asked, with no little show of reason, <q>Will it be
+possible in times so troublous to keep a year of
+rest? Moses, when he commanded it, thought of
+a people dwelling quietly in a land from which they
+had driven out all their enemies. As things are
+now, these enemies are about us, and even in the
+very midst of us. And then the harvest? Will it
+suffice to feed the people, already more than twice
+as numerous as in the previous year, and daily
+increasing?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='285'/><anchor id='Pg285'/>
+
+<p>
+The answer of the Chasidim was peremptory.
+<q>For what,</q> they asked, <q>have we suffered and
+fought? For what did the martyrs lay down their
+lives—Eleazar the priest, and the mother and her
+sons, and Hannah, the wife of Azariah, and others
+without number? For what did Mattathias wear
+out the remnant of his years? Was it not for the
+Law, that it might be kept whole and undefiled?
+Might we not have lived in peace, and stood high
+in favour with the King, if we had been content to
+forsake the law of the Lord our God? And now that
+He has given us the victory, and delivered us from
+the hand of the heathen, so that we may serve Him
+without fear, shall we cast His commandments behind
+our backs? Were we not few in number, and
+scarcely armed, and yet did He not give into our
+hands great armies, well equipped with shield and
+sword and spear? Were we not well-nigh perishing
+of hunger among the mountains, and did He not
+richly supply our needs? Surely the earth is the
+Lord’s and the fulness thereof, and, if He will, He
+can make that which it bringeth forth of itself to
+abound even as the fields which the sower has sowed
+and the reaper has reaped?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the Chasidim had their way, as zealous men
+are wont to have it, when they know exactly their
+own minds and what they want. The Sabbatical
+year was proclaimed. There was to be no labour,
+no ploughing or sowing, no tendance of oliveyards
+<pb n='286'/><anchor id='Pg286'/>and vineyards. The people were to live simply and
+wholly on the bounty of the earth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The first month of the Sabbatical year itself bore
+the name of the Sabbatical month. Into this were
+crowded three of the great feasts and celebrations
+of the year—the Feast of Trumpets, the Day of
+Atonement, and the Feast of Tabernacles. But
+the whole year was to be one round of religious
+celebrations. To the daily sacrifices in the Temple
+were added special services of intercession, praise,
+and thanksgiving. Nor did the Temple-worship
+alone satisfy the religious wants of the people. The
+synagogues were thronged, and that not on the
+Sabbath only but on every day of the week. The
+Law and the Prophets were read and expounded,
+not, we may be sure, without many stirring references
+to the events of the day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+All this religious enthusiasm was wanted to support
+the people under the hardships of the time.
+Provisions, if they did not actually run short, began
+to rise in price. Judas and his council did their
+best to prevent it; but the selfish instincts of the
+possessors of corn could not be overcome; stores
+were held back from the market, and the poorer
+class, swollen as it was in numbers by the great
+immigration of the preceding year from Gilead and
+Galilee, began to suffer seriously.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the insolence of the Greek garrison
+was increasing daily. The Jewish soldiers contented
+<pb n='287'/><anchor id='Pg287'/>themselves, or endeavoured to content themselves,
+with repelling attack. This meant, of course, standing
+exposed to showers of missiles which they could
+not return, and it tried their patience to the uttermost.
+Even some of the Chasidim were heard to
+murmur that there must be some limits to this
+endurance; among the besiegers in general, who
+had not risen to the height of Chasidim zeal, a
+spirit of discontent was growing up that might well
+have become dangerous.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Before long, however, the evil worked its own
+cure. One sabbath-day, about the beginning of the
+month which we should call November, there was a
+great solemnity in the Temple, and the outposts of
+the besieging force had been more than usually
+weakened. Ruth, with her little Daniel and her
+two nieces, was going towards the Temple, escorted
+by her husband and Micah, when one of the lower
+gates of the fortress was suddenly thrown open, and
+a party of Greeks rushed out upon the party.
+Seraiah and Micah were both armed, but for some
+minutes they had to make head against their
+assailants alone. One of the soldiers who had
+seized Ruth was promptly felled to the earth by a
+blow from Micah’s sword; and Seraiah did similar
+execution on another. But the odds were too great
+for them. Micah was brought to the ground, and it
+was only by desperate efforts that his brother-in-law
+could save him from being stabbed as he lay. Ruth,
+<pb n='288'/><anchor id='Pg288'/>meanwhile, being left without help, was carried off
+to the very gates of the fortress. And then, just
+before it was too late, came the longed-for help.
+The two girls, who, with their little cousin, had been
+some distance behind, ran screaming towards the
+Temple, and happily met with their father, who
+was just about to change guard at one of the posts.
+He and his company ran at the top of their speed
+to the scene of the conflict, plunged recklessly
+through the missiles which were showered on them
+from the fortress, and reached the wall at the same
+moment with the ravishers, whose progress was
+impeded by the struggles of the captive, for, brave
+woman as she was, she never lost her presence of
+mind. A few of the party escaped into the fortress,
+the nearest gate of which was cautiously opened to
+receive them; but the greater number were instantly
+put to the sword. Ruth, whose strength broke down
+when she knew that she was safe, was carried home,
+sorely bruised and half-unconscious.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas was profoundly moved when he heard of
+this outrage. He had long been chafing under the
+restrictions imposed upon his action by his rigid
+supporters, and this determined him to break through
+them. He had a great affection for Azariah and his
+kindred. The men were known to him for their
+loyalty and courage, and Ruth as an indefatigable
+worker among the sick and wounded. His resolution
+was taken, but with the prudence and soundness of
+<pb n='289'/><anchor id='Pg289'/>judgment that were habitual to him he was careful
+to avoid any appearance of being peremptory or
+self-willed. He called to him one of his lieutenants,
+who was reputed to be a leader among
+the Chasidim.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Micaiah,</q> he said, <q>you remember when a
+thousand of our brethren were slain by the heathen,
+helpless and unarmed, because it was the sabbath?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I remember,</q> replied the man.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And that it was determined by my father, as
+captain of the host, with full consent of all the
+princes and priests, that such a thing should happen
+no more?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It was so determined.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Think you, then, that there is one law for the
+seventh day, and another for the seventh year?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I know nothing, save what I find in the traditions
+of the fathers.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Our fathers had no such experience as we have
+had. No, Micaiah, we will not reap nor sow, trusting
+that the Lord will feed us. But I see not that
+the Law forbids us to strike with the sword when
+the heathen seek to carry our wives and our children
+into captivity, nor will I lay upon the people a burden
+that the Lord has not laid upon them. If I sin in
+this matter, let the punishment fall upon me and
+upon my father’s house.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micaiah was not altogether content, but he did not
+feel sufficiently convinced to resist. And, indeed, the
+<pb n='290'/><anchor id='Pg290'/>character and the exploits of Judas gave an overpowering
+weight to any conclusion at which he
+arrived.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next day an assembly of the soldiers was
+held, and Judas informed them that operations
+would be more vigorously conducted for the future.
+The announcement was received with great satisfaction,
+even by the stricter partisans of the Law.
+The insolence of the garrison was summarily
+checked. The sallies on which it ventured were
+repulsed so fiercely that they were soon discontinued,
+while relays of archers and slingers,
+succeeding each other without intermission from
+earliest dawn to nightfall, kept the walls clear.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But though this difficulty was surmounted others
+not less serious remained. The privations resulting
+from the observance of the Sabbatical year were such
+as to overtask the endurance of all but enthusiasts.
+And, of course, under these circumstances it was
+inevitable that the regulations should be evaded.
+Huldah, with the children, was wandering one day
+among the gardens in the neighbourhood of the city.
+They were searching for some fruit for Ruth who
+was now making a very slow recovery from the
+injuries which she had received. They were at
+liberty to go where they pleased, for all right of
+property was at an end, at least for the time. But
+others had been before them, and it seemed as if
+everything had been gathered, even before it was
+<pb n='291'/><anchor id='Pg291'/>ripe. They were returning home with but the
+scantiest results from this toil when they witnessed
+a scene of uproar. Some men had been discovered
+by the officers of the chief priests in the unlawful
+act of cultivating the ground. They had been
+sowing the seeds of some quick-growing plants,
+doing it in such an irregular fashion that what
+came up might seem to have been chance-sown, but
+they had been detected, and were now being led off
+in custody, angry and defiant, and loudly condemning
+the bigoted folly which, as they said, to carry out
+an obsolete enactment, condemned a whole people
+to starvation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A crowd speedily gathered and followed the
+officers and their prisoners to the house of one
+of the chief priests. Huldah and the children went
+with it. The case was tried, in Eastern fashion, in
+the open air and in public. The process was short,
+for the offenders had been caught in the act, and the
+law which they had transgressed was plain. The
+defence which they attempted on the plea of
+necessity was cut short by the judge. <q>The Word
+of God,</q> said he, <q>is of more account than meat
+and drink. Take these men,</q> he went on, speaking
+to an officer whom we should call the provost-marshal,
+<q>and see that they suffer each forty stripes
+save one. And you,</q> he added, turning to the
+prisoners, <q>know that if you offend again in this
+matter you shall be stoned with stones till you die.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='292'/><anchor id='Pg292'/>
+
+<p>
+The men were bound and flogged. That was
+a sight which Huldah and the children did not
+wait to see; but just as they were reaching their
+home the men passed them, furious at the indignity
+which they had suffered, and loudly proclaiming
+their determination to be revenged.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next morning they were missing from the
+city. A porter at one of the smaller gates was
+found tied and gagged. He said that he had been
+attacked by a party of men, some of whom could
+be identified by his description with the sufferers of
+the day before. The others were Greeks, apparently
+belonging to the garrison. They had surprised him,
+taken his keys from him, and had gone—so he
+judged from something that he had overheard—on
+the road to Antioch. This gave a serious aspect to
+the affair. The men had evidently deserted, and
+would put all the information that they had at the
+service of the enemy. Judas immediately ordered
+a pursuit. But though the party that he sent out
+was more than once close upon the tracks of the
+fugitives it did not succeed in overtaking them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Time went on. The Feast of the Dedication
+came round, and was kept with as much cheerfulness
+as the depressed spirits and scanty means of
+the people permitted. Spring succeeded winter,
+bringing with it in its milder temperature and in
+the abundance of its natural growths some alleviations
+of the common suffering. But the prospect,
+<pb n='293'/><anchor id='Pg293'/>as a whole, was scarcely brighter. It was almost a
+relief when tidings reached the city that a struggle
+was at hand. It was better, thought many, to die
+on the field of battle than to sit still and starve.
+And, indeed, death on the battle-field seemed a likely
+prospect. Lysias, who had been making his preparations
+during the whole of the winter, was now,
+it was said, about to set forth. The force which
+he had under his command was reported to be
+overwhelmingly strong, numbering not less than
+120,000 men. It was also said that he had with
+him thirty-two war-elephants. The boy-King—Eupator
+was not more than nine years old—was
+also said to be with him.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="25" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='294'/><anchor id='Pg294'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXV. Reverses"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXV. Reverses"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXV.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">REVERSES.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Judas met the danger with his accustomed resolution.
+He waited in the city till he could be certain
+of the road which the invaders were taking. As
+soon as he knew that it was from the south that
+they were approaching, he collected all his available
+force, having for the purpose to raise the siege
+of the fortress, and marched forth to meet them.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The fortress of Beth-zur, which was intended to
+be the first line in the defence of the capital, was in
+danger of falling into the hands of the enemy. Micah
+had received, early in the year, a commission to revictual
+it, but had found the task one that was difficult,
+if not impossible, to execute. There was a positive
+scarcity of food, and the scarcity was aggravated as
+usual by the practice of hoarding. It was to little
+purpose that Micah scoured the country, making
+requisitions of grain and other supplies. Some few,
+strong in their faith, gave up what they had, and
+committed themselves and their children to the
+<pb n='295'/><anchor id='Pg295'/>Lord, whose law they were seeking to obey. Others
+met the demand with a flat refusal, and at the same
+time taunted Micah with the folly of enforcing an
+impracticable law in times of such difficulty. Many
+met him with the plea of poverty, and their wasted
+forms and sunken faces were proof enough that this
+plea was genuine. The work, therefore, for all the
+zeal that Micah displayed, went on but very slowly,
+and, indeed, was not half finished when the advanced
+guard of the army of Lysias appeared. Beth-zur
+was immediately invested. The engines, of which
+Lysias had a large stock, played fiercely upon the
+walls, and preparations was made for an assault.
+Micah, on the other hand, saw no hope that he
+would be able to stand a long siege. The garrison
+under his command was not large enough adequately
+to man the walls, while it was too large for the
+stock of provisions which he had been able to collect.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Under these circumstances his resolution was
+soon taken. Before dawn on the second day of the
+investment the whole garrison made a desperate
+sally. Happily they had no non-combatants to care
+for, and as yet no sick or wounded. Fire was set
+to the engines. The besiegers, thinking that this
+was the object of the attack, and that the garrison
+would make their way back into the fortress, when
+this had been accomplished, occupied themselves
+chiefly in putting out the fire. But Micah had no
+intention of returning. He availed himself of the
+<pb n='296'/><anchor id='Pg296'/>confusion caused by the burning of the camp, cut
+his way with desperate resolution through the
+enemy, and succeeded in reaching the camp of Judas
+with the larger part of his force. The rest were not
+able to follow him, but succeeded in regaining the
+fortress, which they continued to hold against the
+Greeks.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The camp was at Beth-Zachariah, about nine
+miles south from Jerusalem, and on an elevated
+position, not less than three thousand feet above the
+level of the sea, which commanded the whole of
+the neighbouring country. Behind, to the north,
+could be seen the towers of Jerusalem, with Bethlehem,
+the City of David, in the nearer foreground,
+nestling among its oliveyards and vineyards. To
+the west lay the plain of Philistia, with the white
+cliff of Gath clearly visible in the extreme distance;
+to the east could be seen the purple mountains of
+Moab. The road from Hebron, by which the Greek
+army would approach, crept along the eastern side
+of the mountains. From his elevated position Judas
+could see the movements of his adversaries while
+they were still at a considerable distance. Observing
+that they pitched their camp on the further side of
+a narrow defile, with the character of which he was
+intimately acquainted, he conceived the idea of an
+ambush.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He summoned Azariah to his tent and detailed
+his plan. Azariah also knew the place well, and
+<pb n='297'/><anchor id='Pg297'/>entered into the scheme with enthusiasm—such
+enthusiasm, indeed, that Judas felt it necessary to
+give him a parting caution. <q>Remember,</q> he said,
+<q>if this scheme fails, that you come back to me
+immediately. If the ambush should be discovered,
+retreat at once. There must be no attack. I cannot
+spare a man. We shall want all that we have, if not
+more than all, to make head against the thousands
+of Lysias.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah promised obedience, and lost no time in
+setting out on his errand. Shortly after sunset he
+started, having with him a picked force of a thousand
+men. Before midnight he had reached the place
+fixed upon by Judas, and there, in a hollow half-way
+up the side of the hill that formed one side of the
+pass, he laid his ambush.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was an anxious night for the little band. It
+was always an accepted maxim in ancient warfare
+that it was the most steadfast courage that was
+wanted for the ambush. Men who were brave
+enough when fighting in the open plain found
+their courage fail when they had to lie for hours
+watching for the moment of attack, crouched upon
+the ground, unable to move and scarcely venturing
+to talk. Azariah’s men were brave—indeed they
+had been carefully chosen for this very service—but
+they were not altogether insensible of the dangers
+of their position. They knew, too, and even exaggerated
+the strength of the advancing army. As
+<pb n='298'/><anchor id='Pg298'/>they talked in whispers during the night, for, as may
+be imagined, few could sleep, they spoke of the
+chances of the coming day. The elephants, which
+had never before been seen on Jewish soil, were
+mentioned with special awe.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Strange and terrible beasts they are,</q> said one
+man to his neighbour; <q>savage as lions, and many
+times larger and stronger.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Is it so?</q> said the other. <q>I heard once from
+an Arab, who had been driver of one of these creatures,
+that they are marvellously gentle and tame.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Maybe they are by nature; but their drivers
+have ways of rousing them to fury before the battle.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>How so?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>They show them the blood of grapes and
+mulberries, and the creatures rage terribly. ’Tis
+said that one of them can tread down a whole
+company of men.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, but ’tis possible, I know, to stand against
+them. King Antiochus, father to the madman
+whom the Lord smote for his sins, had an array
+of them in his army when he fought against the
+Romans at Magnesia, but they profited him little.
+So Simeon told me—you know the man, the old
+Benjamite who took service with the King. The
+Romans stood firm in their rank, and threw their
+javelins at the beasts’ trunks, and in the end, so
+Simeon said, they did more damage to their own
+people than to the enemy.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='299'/><anchor id='Pg299'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Lord grant that it be so to-morrow.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The sun had just risen when the approach of the
+Greek army became visible. And now the vanguard
+was almost within striking distance of the ambush
+which, to all appearance, was still undiscovered.
+Another few steps and they would be immediately
+below, at a point where they might be assailed with
+disastrous effect. Behind a little rock which was
+within a few yards of the pass Azariah knelt, sword
+in hand, waiting to give the signal to his men.
+Their fears had mostly vanished in the morning
+light, and the dreaded elephants did not form part
+of the advanced guard.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But just as Azariah was about to give the signal
+to charge his quick ear caught the sound of tramping
+feet, which seemed to come from some place
+above his own position. The next moment he
+caught sight, in the slanting rays of the early sun,
+of the glitter of helmets and shields. A Greek force,
+fully equal in number to his own, was marching in a
+direction parallel to the pass but higher up the
+mountain-side. Lysias had learnt wisdom from
+experience. He no longer despised his enemy, but
+credited him with the military skill which, indeed,
+he had more than once proved himself to possess.
+He had foreseen the ambush, and had sent a force
+to guard against the danger. Azariah’s force, though
+out of sight of the road, could be seen from the
+higher ground, and the Greeks greeted their
+appear<pb n='300'/><anchor id='Pg300'/>ance with shouts of laughter. For one moment a
+wild desire to charge swept through the mind of the
+Jewish captain. He had hoped to blot out by some
+brilliant service the remembrance of his former
+disaster, and now he had failed again. True, it was
+not by his own fault; yet he had failed, and he would
+have to go back to Judas empty-handed. A single
+word would have sent his men in furious onset
+against the foe. Should he say it? Then there
+came back to his recollection the gentleness and
+forbearance of Judas. He could not disobey such
+a leader a second time. He gave the signal to
+retreat. His men heard it with disgust; but they
+knew that he was acting against his own desire as
+much as against theirs, and they obeyed without a
+murmur, or, if some of the youngest and fiercest
+among them complained of the order, it was only
+under their breath that they spoke.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah now made his way to Judas with all the
+haste that he could use.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I have failed,</q> he said. <q>The heathen seemed
+to know of our design beforehand. There could be
+no surprise, so I did not attack, but came back to
+you at once.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You have done well,</q> said Judas, who knew what
+a sacrifice the fiery soldier had made. <q>A chance
+victory won by disobeying orders is worse than a
+defeat.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But Judas, though, as always, he did full justice
+<pb n='301'/><anchor id='Pg301'/>to his lieutenant, was much depressed by the failure
+of the attempt, and he looked with a gloomy brow
+at the approaching host, as it came on in all the
+pomp and circumstance of war, the sunlight gleaming
+on the banners, the helmets of brass and gold, and
+on the long, slanting lines of spear-heads. As it
+came nearer the regular tread of the columns and
+the clang of arms, with now and then the shrill
+voice of a clarion or the deep note of a trumpet
+heard above the roar, moved even the stoutest warrior
+to something like fear.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas followed once more the tactics which he
+had so often found successful. To stand on the
+defensive was hopeless; his few thousands would
+inevitably be trodden down under the feet of this
+huge multitude. His only hope was in attack. If
+he could but break the line at a single point his
+success might be again, as it had been before, the
+beginning of a panic, and the great host of Lysias
+might melt away as the host of Apollonius had
+melted; but the attack must be made while the
+enemy were yet upon ground where they had not
+space to make full use of their numbers. He charged
+with his accustomed fury before the vanguard of
+the enemy had emerged into the open. For a time
+it seemed as if his audacity was to be successful.
+The hostile army reeled under the shock of the
+patriots’ furious charge. In two or three places it
+broke. But there was in reserve a second line of
+<pb n='302'/><anchor id='Pg302'/>veterans, the steadiest and best troops that could
+be found in the Syrian armies, for Lysias knew by
+this time that none but the very best could stand
+against Judas and his Ironsides. And then the
+numbers were overpowering. Step by step the
+Jewish column was forced back. They left six
+hundred of the enemy dead on the field behind
+them; but the attack had failed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then, as the Greek army deployed upon the open
+ground which the retreat of the Jews left open to
+them, the elephants came upon the scene—the
+<q>huge, earth-shaking beasts,</q> which even the hardiest
+warrior could hardly see for the first time without
+some sinking of heart. Each animal was accompanied
+by picked bodies of horse and foot. Each
+carried a tower from which skilful marksmen, whose
+accurate aim was greatly helped by their elevated
+position, hurled missiles upon the ranks of the
+foe. The creatures themselves seemed to share in
+all the fury of the battle. They trumpeted loudly
+and furiously; at the bidding of the Indian drivers
+who were perched upon their necks they seized
+soldiers from among the Jewish ranks with their
+trunks, whirled them aloft, and then dashed them
+down, mangled and lifeless corpses, upon the
+ground.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then was done one of the heroic acts which stand
+out conspicuously on the pages of history. Eleazar,
+one of the Maccabee brothers, saw how his
+country<pb n='303'/><anchor id='Pg303'/>men were being demoralized by the terror of these
+strange adversaries, and felt that it was a crisis that
+called for personal devotion. One of the elephants
+was conspicuous among the rest, not only for its
+superior size but for the splendour of its equipment.
+He felt sure that it must be the one that carried
+the boy-King himself. Immediately his resolve was
+taken. He made his way, striking furiously right
+and left, and dealing death with every blow, through
+the Syrian ranks, crept under the huge beast, and
+dealt him a mortal wound. Like another Samson,
+he perished by his own success. The creature fell
+with a suddenness that gave him no opportunity of
+escape, and he was crushed to death by its weight.
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>The Death of Eleazar.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_327"/><figure url="images/i_327.jpg" rend="w80">
+<index index="fig" level1="The Death of Eleazar"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>The Death of Eleazar.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>The Death of Eleazar</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<p>
+The hero did not accomplish his object, to rally
+his countrymen. One might rather say that
+their panic was heightened by the fall of one of
+the heroic brothers, a son of the great house to
+which they owed their liberty. But his deed was
+not forgotten. The fourth of the Maccabee brothers
+lived in the history of his people as Eleazar Avaran—Eleazar
+<q>the Beast Slayer.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the battle was lost beyond all hope. The
+only thing left for Judas was to save as much as he
+could out of the wreck. He sounded the signal for
+retreat, drew off his men in good order, and, making
+his way back as rapidly as possible to Jerusalem,
+threw himself into the Temple fortress, resolved to
+stand a siege.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="26" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='304'/><anchor id='Pg304'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXVI. Light out of Darkness"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXVI. Light out of Darkness"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXVI.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">LIGHT OUT OF DARKNESS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+For a time the prospects of the patriots seemed dark
+indeed. Beth-zur had fallen, and the only hope
+of the cause was in the Temple fortress. This was
+fiercely assailed by the garrison of the Greek stronghold
+of Mount Zion on the one side, and, on the
+other, by the army which had been victorious at
+Beth-Zachariah, and which now occupied the Lower
+City. The Temple fortress was strong; it was
+fairly well supplied with munitions of war; and the
+garrison was large—indeed, almost too large for the
+accommodation of the place. The fatal weakness
+of the position was the scanty supply of provisions.
+Only water was abundant, for the unsparing toil of
+former generations had provided for this want; had
+it not been for this the resistance of the garrison
+must very soon have come to an end, for food was
+scarce—so scarce, indeed, that the strength of the
+fighting men could hardly be maintained by the
+in<pb n='305'/><anchor id='Pg305'/>sufficient rations which were doled out to them,
+while the few non-combatants received barely enough
+to keep body and soul together.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The condition of the Jewish population of the
+city was not as bad as might have been expected.
+The cruelties of the days of Apollonius and Philip
+were not repeated; for Lysias, who, as guardian of
+the boy-King, was practically supreme, favoured a
+policy of conciliation, and did his best to repress
+outrage. Indeed he sanctioned the establishment
+of what may be called a municipal guard or militia,
+which, while under obligation to give no assistance
+to the garrison of the Temple, was permitted to
+protect the peaceful inhabitants of the city. This
+guard was under the command of Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There was much, of course, that it was difficult
+for those to bear who looked to Judas and his
+brothers as the hope of Israel. Menelaüs had
+returned, and with him a whole troop of renegade
+Jews, whose insolence and impiety sorely tried the
+patience of the faithful population. And the scarcity
+of food was only less severe in the city than it was
+in the fortress.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+For some time Seraiah’s own household continued
+to receive mysterious supplies from some unknown
+source, which made them far more comfortable than
+their neighbours. Once a week, or even oftener, they
+would find a bag of corn or flour, a basket of dried
+grapes or other fruits, a bundle of salt fish, a string
+<pb n='306'/><anchor id='Pg306'/>of doves or wood-pigeons, put in an outhouse, nor
+could they guess who their benefactor could be.
+But when this had gone on for nearly two months,
+the secret came out. Seraiah, returning from his
+military duties at an early hour in the morning, and
+entering by a little postern gate in order to avoid
+disturbing the household, saw a man drop from the
+garden wall. He seized him by the arm, and the
+stranger, turning sharply round, revealed the well-known
+features of Benjamin.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What do you here?</q> he asked.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I am come on an errand of my own,</q> answered
+the robber.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But in my house?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ask no more questions,</q> said the man; <q>but
+take my word—and I would not lie to you for all the
+kingdom of Antiochus—that I mean no harm to you
+or yours.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A thought flashed across Seraiah’s mind.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>It is you, then, who have been bringing us, week
+after week, these supplies of food?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin said nothing.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I adjure you by God that you answer me,</q> said
+Seraiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, if you will know it, it is I who have done
+it. Why should not God use a man’s hands to feed
+His servants, as well as a raven’s beak?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell me—how did you come by these things?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>In various ways.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='307'/><anchor id='Pg307'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Lawfully?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, I can hardly say; you and I might not
+agree about the matter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell me—did you buy them with your money?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay; that is not my way. I do not buy or
+sell.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Then you stole them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>I told you that we should not agree. But this I
+know, that they to whom they belonged could do
+without them better than you and your children.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Benjamin,</q> said Seraiah, <q>you mean well, and I
+thank you. But after this bring no more of these
+gifts, for I cannot receive them. I would not have
+my Judge say to me, <q>When thou sawest a thief,
+thou consentedst unto him.</q> I had sooner die of
+hunger—aye, and what is far worse, see my children
+die—than take that which has not been lawfully
+acquired.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>As you will have it,</q> said Benjamin; <q>if there
+were more like you, mayhap I should have been a
+better man. But meanwhile, the world being what
+it is, you and yours will have a hard time of it;</q>
+and he turned to go away. <q>And the captain,</q> he
+went on—<q>how does he fare? I hear that things
+are not going well with him. ’Tis a thousand pities,
+for a braver man never handled sword.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Seraiah told him briefly the story of recent events,
+and described the present condition of affairs, the
+other listening with an eager attention, and breaking
+<pb n='308'/><anchor id='Pg308'/>in now and then with an exclamation of wonder and
+admiration.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Come, Benjamin,</q> he said, when he had finished,
+<q>why will you not throw in your lot with us?
+Things look dark just now; but they will brighten.
+He who has helped us so far will not desert us
+now.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sir,</q> said the man, <q>I would gladly follow the
+captain, whether he led me to life or to death. No
+man could ask a better lot than to be his soldier.
+But I like not all that are with him. They are over-strict,
+and make no allowance for such as have not
+their zeal. Once they beat me; another time they
+had stoned me to death but that I slipped out of
+their hands; and both for some miserable trifles
+which no man of sense would care about. No, sir;
+Judas I honour and love, but these bigots who give
+a man no peace I cannot away with. And now the
+day is beginning to break, and I must go. I am
+sorry that you will not take my poor gifts.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The next moment he had disappeared.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now came a time of grievous trouble for Ruth
+and her young charges, for she had naturally taken
+charge of Azariah’s two daughters. She did not
+question her husband’s refusal to share any longer
+the illicit gains of Benjamin, but she could not shut
+her eyes to the fact that the children were suffering
+grievously. For herself she could endure, as women
+can; the girls, too, were old enough to understand
+<pb n='309'/><anchor id='Pg309'/>the cause of their suffering, though they could not
+enter into the reasons of what seemed so strange an
+observance—the Sabbatical year; but little Daniel
+was too young to know much beyond the fact that
+he was always terribly hungry, and though he was
+often brave enough to check his crying when he saw
+how it distressed his mother, there were times when
+the pangs of hunger were more than he could bear
+in silence. Poor Ruth denied herself everything but
+the few scraps that were absolutely necessary to
+keep body and soul together, and her physical weakness
+did not make it easier to keep up her hope and
+courage. Her hardest task, perhaps, was to hide, as
+far as it was possible, the true state of things from
+her husband. His strength must be kept up, for so
+much depended upon it; but the children, not to
+speak of herself, had to have their scanty share
+diminished that it might be so. This, of course, he
+was not allowed to know, and Ruth was at her wits’
+end again and again to keep it from him.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Within the Temple fortress, meanwhile, things
+had become almost desperate. A few shekels’ weight
+of flour was given out to each man daily, for Judas
+insisted that all should share alike. That even
+this scanty allowance might hold out the longer,
+numbers of the garrison made their escape every
+night under the cover of darkness that the remainder
+might prolong their resistance for yet a few days
+more.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='310'/><anchor id='Pg310'/>
+
+<p>
+Before long came a time when absolutely nothing
+was left. <q>Their vessels were without victuals,</q>
+and Judas and the few that still remained with him
+met to hold a final deliberation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My friends,</q> said the great captain, <q>you see
+the straits into which we are brought. There is no
+need to tell you of them, or to prove by words what
+we all know too well in fact. What, then, shall
+we do? Shall we stay here and perish slowly by
+hunger, or shall we fall upon our swords, or shall we
+sally forth from the gates, and, having slain as many
+of the heathen as we may, so perish ourselves? I
+had hoped that the Lord would give deliverance to
+Israel by my hand, and by the hand of my brothers.
+But if it be not so, His will be done. For He is not
+shut up to do that which it pleaseth Him by one
+man or another. He can call whomsoever He will,
+and give him strength for the work.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He paused for a moment, and Azariah broke in,
+<q>It is well said, O captain of the host. The Lord
+hath helped His people hitherto, and He will help
+them to the end. Only let us trust in Him, for</q>—and
+here, with an impetuous gesture, he struck
+his foot upon the rock—<q>they that put their
+trust in the Lord shall be even as this mountain,
+which may not be removed, but standeth fast for
+ever.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas was just rising to announce his resolve
+when the sound of a trumpet was heard at the gate
+<pb n='311'/><anchor id='Pg311'/>of the fortress. It was a herald bringing a message
+from the young King.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Have you aught to say to me in private?</q> asked
+Judas, when the man was brought in.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> he answered; <q>my message is one that
+all may hear.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He then delivered it, reading the words from a
+parchment which he carried in his hand, and which
+bore the sign-manual (an impression of the seal-ring
+dipped in ink) of Antiochus Eupator, as well as that
+of Lysias. They ran thus:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Antiochus, surnamed Eupator, King of Syria
+and Egypt, offers to the people of the Jews peace
+and friendship. He permits them to worship God
+after the manners and customs of their fathers, and
+he hereby revokes all the edicts which the King,
+his father, having been misinformed by unfaithful advisers,
+issued against the said nation of the Jews.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Never was there a more surprising, a more unexpected
+change in the position of affairs. But it
+might have been foreseen by those who had watched
+with a full knowledge of the truth, the recent course
+of events.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Despatches had reached Lysias from Antioch
+which convinced him that he and his young charge
+had enemies to reckon with who would be far more
+formidable than Judas and his followers. Philip had
+returned from Persia with the host of Epiphanes,
+and had assumed the management of affairs, and
+<pb n='312'/><anchor id='Pg312'/>Philip was a dangerous rival. Were he to prevail,
+his own position as the chief adviser of the King
+would be untenable; and the King himself would
+very probably be dispossessed by some other
+claimant to the throne.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He laid the case, or at least so much as it was
+necessary to explain, before the boy-King. The lad,
+who was indeed intelligent beyond his years, at once
+acquiesced in the advice, that easy conditions of
+peace should be offered to the garrison.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then an assembly of the soldiers was summoned.
+All the officers were invited by name, and, after the
+usual fashion of such gatherings, as many of the
+men as could crowd into the chambers were also
+present. To them Lysias said nothing about the
+news from Antioch, which it would be better, he
+thought, to conceal as long as possible; but he
+dwelt on the useless hardships which they were all
+enduring.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Famine and the pestilence are upon us,</q> he
+said, <q>and we decay daily. But the place to
+which we lay siege is strong, and we are no nearer
+to the taking of it than we were six months since.
+Now, therefore, let us offer to these men, who are
+neither robbers nor murderers, peace and liberty,
+that they may worship God after their own fashion,
+and live by their own laws. For, of a truth, it is
+far better, as many of yourselves know, that they
+should be our friends than our enemies.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='313'/><anchor id='Pg313'/>
+
+<p>
+An unanimous shout of approval was the answer;
+and hence the message which came so opportunely
+to Judas and his followers in the very crisis of their
+despair.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="27" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='314'/><anchor id='Pg314'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXVII. A Peaceful Interval"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXVII. A Peaceful Interval"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXVII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">A PEACEFUL INTERVAL.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+It was one of the stipulations of the peace offered
+by the young Antiochus, and accepted by Judas,
+that the King should be admitted with due ceremony
+into the surrendered fortress. It was to be a formal
+acknowledgment of his authority, but nothing more.
+No change, it was understood, was to be made; the
+King and his attendants were not to go beyond the
+court which it was lawful for the Gentiles to enter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the morrow, accordingly, the boy-King came
+with a splendid procession of nobles and officers.
+In front marched a company of soldiers, picked from
+the whole army for their beauty of feature and commanding
+stature, and gorgeous with their gilded
+arms. Then, in the order of their dignity, came the
+high officers of state; last, the young monarch himself,
+the Governor Lysias leading him by the hand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The approach to the Temple was thronged by a
+crowd of eager spectators, none of whom were more
+profoundly interested in the sight than the little
+Daniel, with his cousins, Miriam and Judith. The
+<pb n='315'/><anchor id='Pg315'/>child’s fancy had been caught by all that he had
+heard of the young prince. It seemed strange to
+him, almost beyond belief, that a lad, a little older,
+it was true, than himself, but younger than Miriam,
+should have power to do so much harm. <q>Mother,</q>
+he said one day to Ruth, <q>why does God let him
+hurt so many people? It is all his doing that the
+brave soldiers are shut up in the Temple, and that
+we have so little to eat. Will he not be punished for
+it some day? I suppose, as he is a king, nobody
+can punish him except God. But He will, won’t
+He, mother?</q>
+</p>
+<pgIf output='txt'><then>
+ <p rend="ill">[Illustration: <hi rend='italic'>The Boy King.</hi>]</p>
+</then><else>
+ <p><anchor id="i_341"/><figure url="images/i_341.jpg" rend="w100">
+<index index="fig" level1="The Boy King"/>
+<head><hi rend='italic'>The Boy King.</hi></head>
+<figDesc>The Boy King</figDesc></figure></p>
+</else></pgIf>
+<p>
+Then came the unexpected news of the peace;
+and nothing would satisfy little Daniel but that he
+must see the boy-King received in the Temple.
+Eagerly did the child watch him as he walked in his
+little suit of armour, which the most skilful artizans
+in Antioch had made so light as not to be too much
+for his strength, and great was his delight when
+Eupator, catching a sight of his eager face, kissed
+his hand to him with a pleasant smile. That smile
+he never forgot, though it is true that his old anger
+against the young king returned next day almost
+as vehemently as ever when he heard that orders
+had been given that the ramparts of the Temple
+fortress were to be broken down, and that the
+Greek soldiers, anxious to depart, had begun the
+work of destruction the very hour at which the edict
+had been published.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='316'/><anchor id='Pg316'/>
+
+<p>
+Though this breach of faith was a great blow to
+the patriots, still they had much to console them.
+In the first place, to their intense relief, the Greek
+army marched away, and the Holy City was no
+more defiled by the presence of the heathen. Then
+the renegade Menelaüs, whom every faithful Jew
+hated with a more bitter hatred than he felt for the
+heathen themselves, went away, but not of his own
+free choice, with the King. Lysias had an honest
+man’s dislike for a traitor, and indeed did not scruple
+to say that this impostor, who was neither good Jew
+nor real Greek, had done more than any one else to
+cause the recent troubles.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Not less welcome was the end of the Sabbatical
+year. This of itself would not, of course, have
+relieved the pressure of scarcity; but there was
+help from without which before had not been
+available. Hitherto the Jews had been under a
+ban; they were enemies of the Syrian King, and
+none who desired to be his friends would have any
+dealings with them. Now all was changed. The
+ban was removed. The people were in favour with
+Eupator and Lysias. A brisk trade commenced, and
+supplies of food came in abundance. With good
+heart and hope the people set themselves to their
+work. From being a city of mourning Jerusalem
+became gay and cheerful.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The general gladness culminated in the Feast of
+Tabernacles, always the most joyous of Jewish
+<pb n='317'/><anchor id='Pg317'/>festivals, and now celebrated with special manifestations
+of delight. Never had the people felt so keenly
+the pleasure of seeming at least to return to the
+simple life of earlier times, the rustic enjoyments of
+a nation that had not yet learnt to dwell in cities.
+It was the ordinance that for seven days the Israelite
+should dwell, not in his house, but in a booth of
+boughs. For days waggon-loads without number of
+the boughs of the olive, the palm, the pine, the
+myrtle, and other trees which had a foliage sufficiently
+thick for the purpose, were brought into
+the city. When a house had a roof of a convenient
+size and situation, the booth was built
+upon it; in many cases it was set up in the court.
+Those who had come from elsewhere to share in the
+festival set up their booths in the court of the
+Temple, in the street of the Water Gate, and in the
+street of the Gate of Ephraim. It was a beautiful
+sight at any time, and now the fresh foliage hid
+the scars of many a grievous wound that had been
+inflicted during the years of desolation.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Every day, at the time of the morning sacrifice,
+each Israelite, gaily dressed in holiday attire, made
+his way to the Temple. Each carried in one hand
+a bundle of the same branches that were used in the
+building of the booths, and in the other a fruit of
+the citron tree. When all the company was assembled,
+and the parts of the victim had been laid upon
+the altar, a priest was seen approaching with a
+<pb n='318'/><anchor id='Pg318'/>golden ewer in his hand. He had filled it at the
+pool of Siloam, and he brought it into the court
+of the Temple through the Water Gate. The
+trumpets sounded as he came in and ascended the
+slope of the altar. On each side of this were two
+silver basins; into that on the eastern side he
+poured the sacred water; while another priest
+poured wine into that on the western. Then the
+<q>Hallel</q><note place="foot">Psalms cxiii.-cxviii.</note> was sung; when the singers came to the
+words, <q>O give thanks unto the Lord; for He is
+good, because His mercy endureth for ever,</q> each
+Israelite shook his bundle of branches; he did it
+again when they sang, <q>Save, Lord, I beseech Thee,
+O Lord: O Lord, I beseech Thee, send now prosperity;</q>
+and a third time at the words, <q>O give
+thanks unto the Lord; for He is good: for His
+mercy endureth for ever.</q> In the evening there was
+a grand illumination. Eight lamps, so large and so
+high that they sent their light over nearly the whole
+of the city, were set up in the court of the Temple,
+while many of the people carried flambeaux in their
+hands. Meanwhile a company of Levites, standing
+on the steps of the Court of the Women, chanted to
+the music of cymbal and the harp the fifteen <q>Songs
+of Degrees.</q><note place="foot">Ibid. cxx.-cxxxiv.</note>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+These were the public rejoicings; the private
+festivities were on the most liberal scale. Never did
+<pb n='319'/><anchor id='Pg319'/>the maxim that he who fails to contribute according
+to his means to the general joy is a sinner above
+other men meet with a more hearty acceptance.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah with his daughters and little Daniel
+were watching the ceremonies of the last and
+greatest day of the feast from the roof of the
+Governor’s house, where they were joined by Micah
+and by Joseph, who, it will be remembered, had shared
+with him the disastrous command of the city during
+the absence of Judas in Gilead. Joseph was exultant;
+Micah’s face was grave and even sad.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Thank the Lord, Azariah,</q> cried Joseph, <q>for
+He has dealt with the traitor after his deservings.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Whom mean you?</q> asked Azariah; <q>for we
+have had more traitors here than one.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Whom should I mean but Menelaüs, the false
+priest who sat in Aaron’s seat?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what has befallen him?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The King has caused him to be put to death.
+He was in little favour when they took him home,
+for Lysias said that he had wrought all the mischief
+that had been done. And when they came to
+Antioch the matter of Oniah was brought against
+him, for there were many who loved the old man,
+and had taken it ill that his death had not been fully
+avenged. And when the young King heard the
+story, Menelaüs being present, and having nothing to
+say against it, he cried, <q>I wonder that the King, my
+father, suffered this murderer to escape, but he shall
+<pb n='320'/><anchor id='Pg320'/>not go unpunished any more. Take him, and cast
+him alive into the Tower of Ashes.</q> So they took
+him and did as the King had commanded.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And what is the Tower of Ashes?</q> asked the
+little Daniel, who had been listening to this conversation
+with a sort of terrified interest.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Micah answered his question. <q>At Berea is a
+tower, the bottom of which is full of ashes, and in
+the tower is a machine which revolves and plunges
+the criminal who is bound to it deep into the ashes
+until he is smothered. But as for this unhappy man,
+the Lord have mercy upon him!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Joseph turned fiercely upon him. <q>I marvel,</q> he
+said, <q>that you should pray for this fellow, who
+was worse than the heathen. He has but had his
+deservings.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And where should I be, if I had had mine?</q>
+answered Micah. <q>I walked in the same way with
+this Menelaüs, and sinned against the Law, even as
+he sinned, and but that God had mercy upon me,
+surely I had come to the same end.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Don’t be sorry, uncle,</q> said the boy, holding up
+his little face for a kiss; <q>I am sure that God has
+forgiven you, for He knows how bravely you have
+fought for Him, and how many of the heathen you
+have killed with your sword.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>May it be so, dear child! But though He
+has forgiven me, yet I must reap as I have
+sown.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='321'/><anchor id='Pg321'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>And who shall be high priest in this traitor’s
+place?</q> asked Joseph, after a pause. <q>For Oniah,
+the son of him that was slain at Antioch, is in the
+land of Egypt, and he takes part with the unfaithful
+brethren who would build another Temple among the
+temples of the heathen, leaving the place which the
+Lord has chosen to set His name there.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And if the House of Zadok have perished, why
+should not Judas, son of Mattathias, be high priest?</q>
+said Azariah. <q>He is of a principal house among
+the sons of Aaron, and the Lord has been with him
+always.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Joseph had never forgiven Judas for his own
+disaster. His was one of those mean natures that
+justify the saying, <q>The injured may forgive, the
+injurer never.</q> The captain had treated him with
+the same generous kindness which he had showed to
+Azariah, but this kindness had not been received in
+the same temper. On the contrary it rankled in
+his mind, till by a strange, yet not uncommon, perversion
+of feeling, it had produced a positive sense
+of injury. He now broke out:
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, nay, my friend, you say too much. That
+he has won victories I deny not; but was the Lord
+with him when he fled before the face of the heathen
+at Beth-Zachariah, or when Beth-zur was yielded
+up to Lysias, or when we had well-nigh perished
+with famine in the siege, or when the King broke
+down the ramparts of the Temple? Not so:
+what<pb n='322'/><anchor id='Pg322'/>ever the people may shout or sing in his praise, he
+too has known defeat, even as we have.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This I know,</q> said Azariah, <q>that whereas we
+were trodden underfoot by the heathen till there was
+no life left in us, now we are risen and stand upright.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And how long, think you,</q> returned Joseph, <q>will
+it be so with us? Did we drive away the King, or
+did he not rather depart of his own accord, because
+of what he and his counsellors had heard of the
+doings of Philip? And will he not return, and the
+end be worse than the beginning?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Azariah answered, with some heat, <q>As for that
+which may happen hereafter, I say nothing. These
+things are in the hand of God. But that the young
+Antiochus departed to his own land was, I doubt not
+at all, of the Lord’s doing. Why, even this child
+knows the story of Sennacherib, and the words
+which Isaiah the prophet spoke to Hezekiah when
+the King was faint-hearted, and could not see how
+there should be any deliverance for Israel. Did
+not the prophet say, <q>He shall hear a rumour, and
+shall return unto his own land?</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Joseph said nothing. With all his meanness and
+littleness he was a patriot, and really loved his
+country; and it went against his heart and conscience
+to prophesy evil against her.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Then the little Daniel startled them all by saying,
+with flashing eyes, <q>And I will cause him to fall by
+the sword in his own land.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="28" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='323'/><anchor id='Pg323'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXVIII. Hopes and Fears"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXVIII. Hopes and Fears"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXVIII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">HOPES AND FEARS.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+A few weeks after the conversation recorded in the
+last chapter, Ruth was hearing her little boy repeat
+the Commandment when Seraiah came in, carrying
+in his hand an open letter.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There is news from Syria,</q> he said.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And is it good or bad?</q> asked his wife.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>That I can hardly say,</q> was Seraiah’s reply.
+At the same time he signalled to his wife that she
+should take the child out of the room. The signal,
+however, was too late. The quick-witted little
+fellow had heard what had been said, and immediately
+jumped to the conclusion that something
+had been heard about the boy-King. His mind
+was occupied, it might almost be said, day and
+night with the thought of the young Eupator. He
+scarcely knew whether he hated or loved him;
+but the brilliant figure of the lad had caught his
+imagination. He lived, as imaginative children often
+will, a sort of second life in thinking of him.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='324'/><anchor id='Pg324'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh! father,</q> he now cried, <q>I am sure that you
+have something to tell me about the boy-King. Is
+he coming here again? I should like to see him,
+though he did break his promise so shamefully.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My boy,</q> said his father, <q>you will never see
+him again.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh! Why?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He is dead. This letter tells me all about him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The boy burst into a passionate fit of tears, which
+all his mother’s caresses and attempts at consolation
+were for some time unable to stop. When the
+violence of his grief had spent itself he said—
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Oh! father, tell me about him. Were they very
+cruel to him? And how did it happen? I thought
+that kings killed people, but I did not know that
+any one could kill them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Listen, my child, and I will try to explain it
+to you. The father of Eupator, the boy who is just
+dead, was not rightfully King. He came after his
+elder brother, and this elder brother had a son
+named Demetrius, who ought to have succeeded
+his father. But this son had been sent to Rome
+as a hostage.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What do you mean by a hostage, father?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>When you are going to trust some one about
+whom you do not feel quite sure, you take something
+from him that he values very much, and say,
+<q>You will lose this unless you behave well.</q> So
+Demetrius’s father gave his son to the Romans
+<pb n='325'/><anchor id='Pg325'/>to keep, and the Romans were sure that as long
+as they had the child his father would not do anything
+that they did not like. Well, as I told you,
+Demetrius was sent to Rome to be security for
+his father’s good behaviour, and there he lived
+all the time that Antiochus, whom they called
+Epiphanes, was King. And when Epiphanes died
+Demetrius asked the Romans to let him go, that
+he might claim the kingdom which, he said, belonged
+to him and which his cousin Eupator was
+too young to be able to govern. But they would
+not let him go, and I have been told that Lysias
+bribed some of the chief men among them, and
+these persuaded the rest. At last he got tired of
+waiting for leave, and he ran away from Rome
+without it, and landed at a place called Tripolis,
+not very far from Antioch, with only twenty or
+thirty men with him. But as soon as ever the
+soldiers at Antioch heard of his coming, they
+declared that they would have him for their King.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But why?</q> put in Daniel.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well, if they did not know much that was
+good about him, they knew nothing that was bad.
+Anyhow they all rose in his favour; and they
+seized the young King and Lysias the Governor and
+brought them to him, and asked him what they
+should do with them. He would not say, <q>Kill
+them,</q> for, after all, the little boy was his cousin,
+and had not done him any harm. And he did not
+<pb n='326'/><anchor id='Pg326'/>like to say, <q>Keep them alive,</q> for he was afraid
+that his cousin might some day have his throne;
+so he only said to the soldiers, <q>Take care that
+they do not see my face.</q> So the soldiers—they
+were the young King’s own guard—took him and
+killed him, and Lysias with him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When he had heard this the child allowed his
+mother to take him away. He saw that his father,
+usually so calm, was anxious and troubled, and, wise
+with a wisdom beyond his years—the fruit of the
+troubled life which he and his had been leading—would
+not ask him any more questions. But that
+night, when his mother came to give him the last
+kiss before he went to sleep, he had many things to
+say to her. Poor little fellow! he had seen many
+terrible sights, which all his parents’ care could not
+keep from his eyes, and had heard of many more,
+and he could not help asking again, <q>Did they hurt
+him very much?</q> and when she had comforted him
+as best she could on this score, he showed that
+there was another trouble in his mind. <q>Oh!
+mother,</q> he said, <q>do you remember that when
+he ordered the walls of the fortress to be pulled
+down, I prayed to God that he might be punished
+for breaking his promise? and only the other day,
+when Joseph was talking about his coming back,
+I said—something in me seemed to make me say
+it almost without my knowing—<q>He shall fall by
+the sword in his own land.</q> And now he is
+<pb n='327'/><anchor id='Pg327'/>punished, for he has fallen by the sword. Do
+you think that God listened to me, and did it
+because I said these things? But, mother, I did
+not hate him very much; sometimes I used to
+think I loved him; and oh! it would be dreadful
+to think that I had anything to do with his being
+killed!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>My son,</q> said Ruth, <q>do you remember what
+our father Abraham said, <q>Shall not the Judge of
+all the earth do right</q>?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes, mother, I am sure that He will do right;
+and the King did deserve to be punished. But
+perhaps his counsellors told him to do it; and
+I am sure that if I was told to do something that
+was wrong by people that I loved, I should be
+very likely to do it.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When his mother came to see him some hours
+afterwards she found him asleep, but his pillow
+was wet with tears, and now and then a little sob
+showed how deeply the trouble had entered into
+his little heart.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There was trouble in older and wiser hearts
+than his. The Jews had hoped much from the
+boy-King. His bad faith in the matter of the
+Temple fortress they had willingly put down to
+evil counsellors, and they could not forget that
+he had given them terms, good beyond all their
+hopes, when they were in the last extremity. The
+death of Lysias was a more serious loss. He was
+<pb n='328'/><anchor id='Pg328'/>the pacificator; to his influence they ascribed the
+conciliatory policy of the young Antiochus. And
+now he was gone. Would his death be the signal
+of a change? Would Demetrius go back to the
+ways of the mad Antiochus? or had he learnt
+prudence, if not mercy, from his sojourn among the
+Romans and the bitter experience of an exile?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Opinion was divided. Some hoped, some feared;
+but all were resolved that they would never give
+way, that they would defend to the last drop of
+their blood the freedom which they had won.
+Azariah, whose temper of mind had gathered a
+certain gloom from the unhappy experiences of his
+life, took a desponding view of the situation.
+Micah, on the contrary, was cheerful, and he had
+some strong arguments to back him up.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Remember,</q> he said to his brother-in-law one
+day, when the subject had been discussed at some
+length between them, <q>that I have had opportunities
+for forming a judgment which, happily for you, have
+not come in your way. I once saw much of these
+Greeks—I am ashamed to remember the time, but
+still it would be folly not to make use of what
+I then learnt—and I am sure that that madman
+Antiochus did not represent what they really feel.
+You don’t know how they despise all barbarians
+as they call them; and, despising them, they are
+disposed to let them alone. They don’t want us to
+worship their gods; they think that we are not
+<pb n='329'/><anchor id='Pg329'/>good enough. But Antiochus was mad with pride
+and arrogance, and it is not likely that any one
+else should be found to follow his steps. We may
+have trouble; indeed I feel sure that we shall;
+but depend upon it there will not be another such
+attempt as the madman made to stamp out our
+religion.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And the tidings that soon after reached Jerusalem
+from Antioch seemed to justify this forecast. There
+seemed to be trouble ahead, but it was not trouble of
+the sort which had brought desolation upon the Holy
+City. A deputation from that party among the Jews
+which affected Greek habits and Greek practices had
+been admitted to the presence of the new King.
+They had accused Judas, the son of Mattathias, of
+having driven them from their land, and of being an
+enemy to the sovereignty of the Greeks. Demetrius
+had listened to their representations, and had conferred
+the office of high priest on Alcimus,<note place="foot">Alcimus seems to have been an adaptation, not a little remote,
+however, from the original, of the Hebrew name Eliakim.</note> the
+leader of the malcontents, and had promised to send
+a force which would instal him in his office, and at
+the same time take vengeance on Judas and the
+Chasidim. This force was to be under the command
+of Bacchides, one of the most trusted of his
+counsellors.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A high priest of the stamp of Menelaüs—for such
+Alcimus was known to be—would be anything but
+<pb n='330'/><anchor id='Pg330'/>welcome. Probably it would be necessary to resist
+him and his proceedings by force. Still things were
+not as bad as they might have been. That King
+Demetrius should have appointed a high priest at all
+showed that he was not bent, as Epiphanes had been,
+on extirpating the Jewish faith. With such doubtful
+comfort as this assurance could give they were compelled
+to be satisfied and to await the development
+of events.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="29" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='331'/><anchor id='Pg331'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXIX. Civil War"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXIX. Civil War"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXIX.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">CIVIL WAR.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The new high priest arrived at Jerusalem, escorted
+by a powerful force under the command of Bacchides.
+None but absolute renegades were glad to see Greek
+soldiers again lording it in the streets of Jerusalem;
+but otherwise there was a wide difference of opinion
+as to the duty of faithful Jews with regard to the
+reception of the stranger. Alcimus and his Greek
+companions were loud in their professions of good
+will. They intended, they said, nothing but benefits
+to the people. All would be well if they were only
+received in the same spirit in which they came.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas and his brothers received these assurances
+with profound incredulity. They and their immediate
+followers had thought it prudent to leave the
+city. There had been no opportunity of properly repairing
+the walls of the Temple fortress, and without
+some such stronghold to serve as shelter in case of
+need, they would, they felt, be at the mercy of the
+<pb n='332'/><anchor id='Pg332'/>Greeks. In the position to which they had withdrawn
+there was a hot discussion. Judas, as usual,
+urged the counsels of prudence and common sense.
+It was easy, he said, to make these professions of
+peace and good will—so easy that, without some
+substantial guarantee of their sincerity, it would be
+madness to risk anything on the strength of them.
+Alcimus, or Eliakim—he must own that he did not
+like or trust these double-named Jews, for they were
+often double-faced also—might be thinking of nothing
+but peace; but why did he come with an army behind
+him? He might have been sure, sprung as he was
+from the race of Aaron, that none of his countrymen
+would harm him. Why had he surrounded himself
+with a multitude of godless heathen who would be
+only too likely to harm them? <q>Let us wait</q>—this
+was his final advice—<q>till he and his friends give us
+some proof that they really mean what they say.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Chasidim were loud and vehement in their
+opposition to this counsel. Joseph, whose bitterness
+and jealousy had not been weakened by the lapse of
+time, constituted himself their spokesman.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The Law,</q> he said, <q>plainly declares that there
+shall be a high priest. There are acts, acts of the
+highest importance, even necessity, which only he
+can perform. Our worship without him is maimed
+and imperfect. We cannot expect that there will be
+a blessing upon it, that, lacking this essential part,
+our sacrifices will be accepted or our prayers heard.
+<pb n='333'/><anchor id='Pg333'/>And now we have a high priest that is of the race
+of Aaron. He promises—and why should we not
+believe him?—that his purposes towards us are for
+good and not for evil. Let us go to him, and do him
+the honour that is due to his office. If harm come
+of it, we shall have at least obeyed the commandment
+of God.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas and his brothers, with such faithful followers
+as Seraiah and Micah, stood resolutely aloof, but
+they could not control the action of the enthusiasts.
+A large body of the Chasidim paid to Alcimus a
+formal visit. They welcomed him to the seat of his
+office; they paid him their homage; intimating at
+the same time that there were grievances for which
+they asked redress and abuses which needed reform.
+Nothing could have exceeded the show of politeness
+and even friendship with which they were received.
+Alcimus made the most solemn protestations that
+neither they nor their friends should suffer any harm.
+He could only regret that unfounded suspicions
+had kept away the great soldier who had done so
+much for his country and whom he would have had
+so much pleasure in welcoming. They were invited
+to a banquet, which had been duly prepared, they
+were assured, in obedience to the requirements of
+the Law, and of which they could partake without
+any fear of contracting impurity.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+After the banquet there was to be a conference.
+The proceedings began, and were continued for some
+<pb n='334'/><anchor id='Pg334'/>time without interruption, though Alcimus could
+scarcely control his impatience at what he thought
+the unreasonable demands of the bigots. Meanwhile
+Bacchides, who had hitherto kept himself in the
+background, was quietly surrounding the council-chamber
+with troops. Joseph was in the midst of an
+harangue when the doors were thrown open, a
+company of soldiers marched in, and arrested every
+member of the deputation. It was now the turn of
+Alcimus to retire into the background. He had
+served his purpose, acting, it may be said, as a
+decoy, and, thanks to him, some of the most inveterate
+enemies of the Greek party had been
+entrapped. The Greek commander made short work
+with his prisoners. Alcimus went through the farce
+of interceding for them, but he never expected, and,
+perhaps, never intended, to obtain his requests.
+Sixty of them were executed on the spot, and the
+rest were cast into prison. The bodies of the
+victims were hurriedly thrown into carts, drawn outside
+the city, and left to be the prey of the vulture
+and the wild dog.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The horror and dismay which spread through the
+city with the news of the bloody deed were such
+as it would be impossible to describe. The victims
+were well-known men, and, for the most part, as
+much respected as they were known. There was a
+frantic rush to do honour to the remains of the
+martyred patriots. But Bacchides had foreseen that
+<pb n='335'/><anchor id='Pg335'/>this would probably occur, and had surrounded the
+place with a cordon of soldiers. The people could
+do nothing but stand upon the walls while the birds
+and beasts of prey mangled the corpses, and mingle,
+in their impotent rage, curses on the murderers,
+with lamentations over the dead. In more than one
+of their national hymns they found a fitting expression
+of their grief; but none was more suitable
+to the circumstances of the time than the words of
+the seventy-ninth Psalm: <q>The dead bodies of Thy
+servants have they given to be meat unto the fowls
+of the heaven, and the flesh of Thy saints unto
+the beasts of the earth. Their blood have they shed
+like water round about Jerusalem, and there was
+none to bury them.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The conduct of Judas did not, as may be supposed,
+escape censure. It is the first impulse of a multitude
+in the presence of some great disaster to throw
+the blame upon its rulers, and the Jews, in their
+anger and grief, felt and yielded to it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes,</q> said an old man, who had lost a brother
+and a son in the massacre, <q>he was too prudent to
+trust himself to the heathen; he stood aloof from
+their danger, and when they offered themselves up
+as a sacrifice, he was not there.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And did he not well?</q> said a zealous partisan.
+<q>Did he not warn them and entreat them, and
+they took no heed to his words?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But had he and his men of war gone with
+<pb n='336'/><anchor id='Pg336'/>them,</q> returned the other, <q>they had not been left
+without defence. But now they went as sheep to
+the slaughter.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>What can you look for when the sheep will go
+where the shepherd does not lead them? And as
+for Judas, did he ever spare his life? Has he not
+taken it in his hand time after time, fighting with a
+few men against thousands of the heathen? And
+tell me now,</q> went on the speaker, <q>to whom
+should we have looked for deliverance had Judas
+also been slain with these? The Lord has had
+mercy upon His people, lest they should be utterly
+cast down, and has left unto them their captain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On the whole, popular opinion was strongly in
+Judas’s favour. Then came another turn of events.
+The Greek general, weary of his sojourn among a
+people that hated him, marched out of Jerusalem,
+and encamped in one of the suburbs,<note place="foot"><q>Bezeth,</q> it is called. Possibly it may be identified with Bezetha,
+which was afterwards part of the city.</note> where he could
+keep his troops better in hand, and not expose them
+to the daily risk of collision with a hostile population.
+This place, too, he shortly evacuated, returning with
+the main part of his army to Antioch, though he
+left a small force to support Alcimus, who would
+now, he thought, with this help, be able to hold his
+own.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But before he went he committed another deed
+only less atrocious than the treacherous massacre
+<pb n='337'/><anchor id='Pg337'/>of the Chasidim. Every partisan, or supposed partisan,
+of Judas whom he could either entrap or seize
+was mercilessly slaughtered. Nor did Greeks, who,
+from motives of expediency or under pressure of
+superior force, had submitted to Judas, escape.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+If Bacchides imagined that these cruelties would
+strengthen the position of the renegade high priest
+he was greatly mistaken. Alcimus was more universally,
+more fervently hated than even Jason or
+Menelaüs had been. The disappointment caused
+by this renewal of troubles was all the more bitter
+because it had succeeded to hopes that seemed so
+well established. And every one felt that it was
+Alcimus who was to blame. His greed and ambition
+had disturbed the peace which they were beginning
+to enjoy. On his head was all the innocent blood
+that had been shed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And now a new horror was added to all that the
+unhappy country had endured. It was no longer
+Jew fighting against Greek, but Jew against Jew.
+Civil war, always more bitter, more ruthless than the
+very fiercest struggle between strangers, broke out.
+The renegades rallied to Alcimus. Their interests
+were bound up with his cause. Some of them had
+committed themselves so deeply that they could not
+hope for pardon from the patriots. Others had a
+genuine dislike for Jewish severity and a liking for
+Greek license, and fought for all that, as they
+thought, made life worth living. But the number
+<pb n='338'/><anchor id='Pg338'/>of these philo-Greek partisans was but small, and
+the popular feeling was unmistakably against them,
+and Judas felt himself strong enough to assert his
+position vigorously. He was not now a partisan
+leader, raising the standard of revolt against established
+authority; he was himself the established
+authority, justified in punishing all that presumed
+to rebel against him. This judicious display of
+firmness, of what might even be called severity,
+vastly strengthened his position. The waverers
+who always go with the strongest, who care little
+for principle, but most for self-interest and safety,
+when they saw that the sword of Judas was a more
+immediate danger to his enemies than the sword of
+the Syrian King, hesitated no longer about joining
+him. Alcimus found himself deserted by all but a
+few desperate partisans. The commander of his
+Greek auxiliaries declared himself unable to give
+him sufficient help. Accordingly he had no alternative
+but to give up the unequal contest, and to
+hurry back to Antioch, where he might lay his
+complaints before King Demetrius.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="30" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='339'/><anchor id='Pg339'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXX. Nicanor"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXX. Nicanor"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXX.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">NICANOR.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+The complaints which Alcimus carried to the Syrian
+King at Antioch were eagerly listened to. Demetrius
+was eager, as new rulers frequently are, to
+reverse the policy of his predecessor. Eupator had
+yielded to the persistency of these obstinate Jews,
+but he would show them that it was he and not
+they who was master. A new expedition should be
+sent, and this pestilent rebel, who, after all, had
+been shown not to be invincible, should be extinguished
+for ever. There was some doubt as to who
+should be put in command; but ultimately the
+King’s choice fell upon Nicanor, the same that had
+been associated with Gorgias in an earlier campaign.
+He had been since promoted to the exalted office of
+<q>Commander of the Elephants,</q> and was in high
+favour with Demetrius.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Once more Judas found himself obliged to retire
+from Jerusalem, where he could not command the
+<pb n='340'/><anchor id='Pg340'/>liberty of movement that was necessary for his
+safety; but he remained in the neighbourhood,
+and watched the development of events.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nicanor’s first idea was to repeat the treachery of
+Bacchides, and to get Judas and his brothers into
+his power. A letter, written in studiously friendly
+terms, was sent to the Jewish captain, suggesting a
+conference, at which the matters in dispute might
+easily be settled. Judas was not likely, especially
+after recent experience, to fall into the trap; but
+nevertheless he did not refuse the invitation. He
+came to the conference, but he came with a strong
+guard, and not till he had secured such conditions
+as seemed to make a treacherous surprise impossible.
+The meeting took place. Side by side, on two
+chairs of state, sat the two generals, each with their
+armed guard within call. On either side was a
+barrier, beyond which no one that did not belong
+to the stipulated number of attendants was allowed
+to pass. The conversation between the two was
+friendly and animated. Nicanor’s treacherous
+purpose did not prevent him from having a genuine
+admiration for the character and achievements of his
+great adversary; and the praises which he heaped
+upon him were perfectly sincere. But this feeling
+did not make him at all less anxious to get this
+formidable hero into his power.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Negotiations had not proceeded very far, in fact
+had not got beyond the initial stage, when a
+pre<pb n='341'/><anchor id='Pg341'/>concerted signal warned Judas that there was danger
+at hand. Self-possessed as ever, he showed no sign
+of having penetrated his companion’s intention. A
+point of some importance was raised by Nicanor, and
+Judas intimated that he could not deal with it until
+he had consulted his council. Rising from his seat,
+without allowing the least indication of disturbance
+to be seen in his manner, he bade the Greek general
+a courteous farewell, rejoined his guard, and was
+soon out of the reach of danger. But when he was
+again among his friends, he did not conceal his
+feelings. <q>He is a false liar,</q> he said, <q>and, so
+long as he lives, I will see his face again no more.</q>
+The words were to have a singularly close fulfilment.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nicanor, finding his attempted fraud unsuccessful,
+resolved to try force. He marched against Judas,
+who, for military reasons, had retired as far as
+Samaria, and gave him battle at Capharsalama.
+But the plans of Nicanor were conceived with more
+haste than prudence. He delivered his attack under
+unfavourable conditions, and received a crushing
+defeat in which he lost fully five thousand men.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Thus baffled for a second time, he returned to
+Jerusalem in a frenzy of rage. On the day after his
+arrival he went, followed by an armed guard, to the
+Temple, and forced his way into the Great Court.
+It was the time of the morning sacrifice, and the
+trembling priests came down from the altar to salute
+him.
+</p>
+
+<pb n='342'/><anchor id='Pg342'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Rebels,</q> he cried, <q>you are praying to your God
+that the enemies of the King may prosper.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Not so, my lord,</q> said the presiding priest, <q>we
+have but this moment offered the customary sacrifice
+for the health and welfare of the most excellent
+Demetrius.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>These are but words, and I ask for deeds. Let
+this pestilent fellow, this Judas, be delivered into my
+hands. Thus and thus only shall I know that you
+are faithful to my lord the King.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But, my lord, you ask that which is impossible.
+How can we, that are men of peace, have power to
+lay hands upon this man of war?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ask me not how, but do the thing that I command,
+or it shall go ill with you and your city.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, my lord, speak not so. Ask that which is
+possible, and it shall be done to the uttermost of our
+power.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Fair words! fair words! But I know well that,
+after the manner of your race, for you are the enemies
+of all men, you curse me behind my back. Now
+listen unto me. You will not deliver this traitor
+into my hands——</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The priests attempted to speak, but he silenced
+them with an imperious gesture.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>So be it. Then I will take him by force. And
+when I have taken him, and dealt with him after
+his deserts, then——</q> he paused for a moment, and
+held out his right hand with a threatening gesture
+<pb n='343'/><anchor id='Pg343'/>towards the altar—<q>then I will burn this house with
+fire; even as the Chaldæans burnt it in the days
+of your fathers, so will I burn it. All the gods of
+heaven and hell confound me, if I do not burn it,
+as a man burns a brand in the fire.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So speaking he turned away, and without deigning
+to salute the terrified priests, quitted the precincts of
+the Temple.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When he was gone the priests stood weeping and
+praying before the altar. <q>O Lord,</q> they said,
+<q>for the blasphemies wherewith Thine enemies
+blaspheme Thee, reward Thou them sevenfold into
+their bosom. Thou didst choose this house to be
+called by Thy name, and to be a house of prayer for
+Thy people. Avenge Thyself, therefore, of this
+man and his host, and cause them to fall by the
+sword.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Nicanor had sent to Antioch for reinforcements,
+for he would not fail again for lack of strength or
+due preparation, and marching out of Jerusalem, he
+awaited their arrival at the western end of the Pass
+of Beth-horon. Judas, who, after his victory near
+Samaria, had followed his beaten enemy, took up
+his position at Adasa, an elevated position about
+four miles to the north of Jerusalem. He thus put
+himself between Nicanor and the Holy City. But
+he had only three thousand men to match against
+a force three times as numerous.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The fate of the Sanctuary of Israel now seemed
+<pb n='344'/><anchor id='Pg344'/>to be trembling in the balance. If Nicanor was
+victorious its doom was sealed. He had vowed,
+with all the emphasis of an awful curse upon
+himself, that if he came again in peace he would
+utterly destroy it. Day after day the women and
+the old men left behind were continually in the
+Temple, which, perhaps, they might in a few days
+see destroyed before their eyes. And when at night
+the Temple gates were shut they sought their homes
+to fast and to renew in private their prayers for
+the deliverance of the Holy Place, and the victory
+of the armies of the Lord.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+By a notable coincidence the anniversary of a
+great danger and a great deliverance was approaching.
+Within a few days the Feast of Purim would
+be celebrated. Would the time bring with it a fresh
+cause for thanksgiving, or a disaster so terrible that
+all the deliverances of the past would seem to be
+of no <corr sic='avail?"'>avail?</corr>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Tell us, mother,</q> said little Daniel, one evening
+when they had returned from their daily visit to the
+Temple—<q>tell us about Mordecai and the wicked
+Haman.</q> He knew the story well, but, after the
+manner of children, liked it better the oftener he
+heard it.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So Ruth told the familiar tale again—how the
+wicked Haman, wroth that the honest Mordecai
+would not pay him reverence, slandered the whole
+nation to the King till he obtained a decree for their
+<pb n='345'/><anchor id='Pg345'/>slaughter, how Mordecai went to Esther the Queen,
+a Jewess herself, and bade her save her people,
+though she risked her own life to do it, how the
+wicked Haman was hanged on the gallows which
+he had made for his enemy, and the Jews had
+license given them by the King to slay their
+adversaries in every city of the kingdom of Persia.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And this Nicanor,</q> she went on, when she had
+finished her story—<q>this Nicanor is a new Haman.
+May the God against whom he has uttered his
+blasphemies cast him down and destroy him.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the hour of battle was drawing near.
+Judas and his little army were bivouacking on the
+hills of Adasa. It was the 12th day of the month
+Adar—about equivalent to the beginning of March—and
+on that high ground the night air was cold and
+piercing. Seraiah, Azariah, and Micah were sitting
+by a camp-fire, and talking over the chances of the
+coming struggle.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was the eve of the great Purim feast—the
+memorial which had been kept now for three
+hundred years of the great deliverance which God
+had wrought for His people by the hands of
+Mordecai and Esther. The thoughts of the comrades
+naturally turned to this memorable day.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Where and how,</q> said Micah to his companions,
+<q>shall we keep the Purim feast?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Shall we keep it at all?</q> said Azariah, always
+somewhat disposed to take a gloomy view of their
+<pb n='346'/><anchor id='Pg346'/>prospects. <q>A Mordecai we have, none more
+steadfast; and there is a Haman against us even
+more cruel and wicked than he of Persia. But
+Ahasuerus is against us, nor do I see who shall
+turn him from his purpose.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Well,</q> said Seraiah, with a smile, <q>at least we
+can use our swords without his license.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+While they were talking they observed a figure
+emerge from out the darkness into the circle of
+light made by the flames. They rose to their feet,
+for it was the captain himself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Sit down, my friends,</q> he said, <q>we shall be on
+our feet enough to-morrow.</q> And as he spoke, he
+took his seat on the ground by their side.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He went on, after a few minutes of silence, <q>So
+Azariah doubts what sort of a Purim festival we
+shall keep. As for myself I doubt not. But I have
+been thinking not so much of Mordecai and Haman—though
+it seems to me a happy thing that we shall
+fight on the day of that deliverance—as of Hezekiah
+and Rabshakeh. Did not the king his master send
+him to blaspheme the Holy City? And did not
+Hezekiah lay the letter before the Lord? And what
+was the end? In one night the host of the Assyrians
+was as if it had not been. So shall it be, I am persuaded
+in my heart, with this blaspheming Nicanor
+and his host. He and they shall be utterly destroyed.
+Yes, Azariah, we shall keep our Purim
+right joyously, after the manner of our fathers.
+<pb n='347'/><anchor id='Pg347'/>But as for our enemies, the wine that they shall
+drink<note place="foot">Copious draughts of wine were an important part of the customary
+celebration of the Purim festival.</note> will be the wine of the wrath of God.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He rose with these words, and passed away to
+spend the rest of the night in meditation and prayer.
+His face next morning, when in the early dawn he
+stood in front of his slender line, was as the face of
+one who has talked face to face with God. Not less
+rapt than his look was the tone of his voice as he
+poured out the words of his prayer—<q>O Lord, when
+they that were sent from the King of the Assyrians
+blasphemed, Thine angel went out and smote an
+hundred fourscore and five thousand of them. Even
+so destroy Thou this host before us this day, that the
+rest may know that he hath spoken blasphemously
+against Thy Sanctuary, and judge Thou him according
+to his wickedness.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+A murmur of assent passed through the little army
+as he uttered these words in that clear, thrilling
+voice which was one of his many gifts as a born
+leader of men. The next moment the line advanced,
+for Judas followed again the successful tactic of
+attack. Never had his Ironsides advanced with a
+more determined courage; never did they deal fiercer
+blows. The enemy were scattered by their impetuous
+onset, as the dust is scattered before the wind.
+For all his brutality and falsehood, Nicanor was no
+coward. He stood in the very van of his army,
+<pb n='348'/><anchor id='Pg348'/>giving such cheer as he could to his men, and
+though the lines behind him reeled and shook
+with that movement which is the sure presage of
+defeat to a soldier’s eye, at the approach of the
+Chasidim, he stood his ground with a dauntless
+courage. He was almost the first to fall, Azariah
+striking him to the ground with a sweeping blow of
+his sword. It was an appropriate ending to the
+blasphemer that he should receive his death-stroke
+from the weapon that bore the talisman of the Holy
+Name.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Greek line had been already beginning to
+break, but the death of the leader completed the
+rout.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+It was no common victory that Judas won that
+day. The pursuit was long and bloody. The beaten
+army fled in wild disorder over the country, only to
+find enemies on every hand. Before the sun set it
+was simply annihilated. The tradition of that awful
+slaughter still lingers in the place, and the valley is
+called <q>The Valley of Blood.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Their work done, the conquerors entered the city.
+The news of the great deliverance had already
+reached it, and the Feast of Purim was being kept
+in earnest. During the earlier part of the day the
+suspense and anxiety had been too great to admit of
+anything more than formal rejoicing. The customary
+sacrifices were offered, the customary prayers put
+up; but the thoughts of all were with Judas and
+<pb n='349'/><anchor id='Pg349'/>his men on the battle-field of Adasa. Then came
+rumours, at first wholly vague and even fictitious—rumours
+first of victory, then of defeat, then of
+victory again. An hour or so after noon a swift
+runner came in with some authentic tidings. But
+he could not tell of all that happened. This was
+gradually learnt, and then, long after the darkness
+had closed in, came the advanced guard of the
+conquering army, and, close upon midnight, Judas
+himself. In spite of the darkness, multitudes
+thronged to meet him. With extravagant manifestations
+of delight, with shouting and singing, with
+mingled tears and laughter, they welcomed him
+home, the deliverer of the city and the Temple.
+Never before had he been so enthusiastically
+received. And it was well that it should be so,
+for this was his last return as a conqueror.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The feast was continued with yet more hearty
+rejoicing into the next day. And indeed from
+thenceforth the two deliverances were to be celebrated
+together—the salvation which Judas had
+wrought for his people on the battle-field of Adasa,
+and that which Esther and Mordecai had accomplished
+in the presence-chamber of the Persian
+King.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Ruth would gladly have stayed at home and
+expressed thankfulness in private, but the children
+were urgent with her that she should take
+them into the streets that they might see the people
+<pb n='350'/><anchor id='Pg350'/>keep holiday. It was a request that, as the wife
+and sister of patriots, she could not refuse; and in
+the depth of her mother’s heart was the proud
+thought that the little Daniel was not an unworthy
+scion of the race, and that not a few would look
+with admiration on the son of Seraiah, the nephew
+of Azariah.<note place="foot"><q>Et pater Æneas et avunculus excitet Hector.</q></note> And indeed she did hear as she passed
+along not a few whispered praises, which made her
+pulses beat quick with thankfulness and joy.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As they came in their rambling into the neighbourhood
+of the Temple, they found their way
+blocked by a dense crowd, which seemed eagerly
+pressing forward to see some spectacle of surpassing
+interest. <q>What is it?</q> she asked of one who had
+been, it seemed, successful in the struggle for a
+glimpse of this interesting sight, and was now
+turning away. She could not help shuddering at
+his answer, and called to the children to come away.
+But the quick ears of little Daniel had also caught
+the man’s reply, and he loudly objected.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay, mother,</q> he said, <q>I must see. Such things
+are not for women to see</q>—the little fellow of five
+or six had already caught the masculine tone of
+superiority—<q>but I am a soldier’s son, and shall
+not be afraid to look. And when I am a man I shall
+fight for God and for His Holy Temple.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are a brave lad, and if I mistake not, and
+you are the nephew of Azariah, there is no one here
+<pb n='351'/><anchor id='Pg351'/>that has a better right to look at yonder sight than
+you. For ’twas your brave uncle, I am told, that
+slew that son of Belial with his sword.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+So saying he lifted the child from the ground, and
+raised him till he could stand upon his shoulders.
+And what did the little Daniel see that made him
+shout and clap his hands? It was the head and
+hand of Nicanor nailed against the Temple wall.
+There were the pallid, distorted lips that had uttered
+such proud blasphemies against the Sanctuary of
+the Lord; there was the shrunken, bloodless hand
+that had been lifted up with threats and scorn
+against His Holy Place. The Lord had indeed
+punished the proud doer.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="31" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='352'/><anchor id='Pg352'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXXI. The Falling Away"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXXI. The Falling Away"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXXI.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE FALLING AWAY.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+Though Jerusalem was almost wild with joy—and,
+indeed, so utterly had the Greek army disappeared
+that deliverance was complete for the time—Judas’s
+heart was full of sad forebodings. Demetrius, he
+knew, had a steadfastness of purpose which augured
+ill for the future. He was not a madman like
+Epiphanes, nor a child like Eupator; but a cool-headed,
+resolute man, who had seen something of
+the world, and would carry out his plans with both
+perseverance and skill. Would he sit down under
+the defeats which he had received and recognize
+Jewish independence? Judas thought it unlikely.
+The vengeance might be laid aside, but it would be
+sure to come. Could he hope to repeat these victories
+again and again? Once before he had been reduced
+to the greatest straits, and had only escaped by an
+unexpected change in the purpose of the young
+Antiochus. Could he look for anything so
+marvel<pb n='353'/><anchor id='Pg353'/>lous again? Only one plan appeared to him to be
+possible, and he lost no time in calling a council of
+his principal followers and announcing it to them.
+It was certain, he told them, that there would be
+another war, and a war that would last for years, if
+only the Jewish people could hold out so long. <q>We
+warriors may endure it, and if the worst come to
+the worst, we can but fall on the field of battle. But
+what of the old and the weak? What of the women
+and children? And then we are not united. Our
+foes are of our own household. We have to fight
+not only against the Greek, but against the Jew
+also. And even in this assembly there are some,</q>
+he went on, with an emphasis which could not be
+mistaken, <q>who speak evil of me behind my back.
+What, then, shall we do? Speak, any one who has
+counsel to give.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The appeal was met with silence, and the speaker
+continued, <q>You have nothing to advise. Listen,
+therefore, to my counsel, and resist it not in haste
+because it seems strange. There is a nation that,
+rising from a beginning small as ours, has now made
+for itself a great dominion. They are stern to their
+enemies, but they are just and faithful to their
+friends. Like Israel in the earlier and better days,
+they have no king to rule them after his own pleasure,
+but an assembly that weighs every plan carefully
+and wisely. And in battle they cannot be resisted.
+Have you heard of such a people?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='354'/><anchor id='Pg354'/>
+
+<p>
+One or two voices answered with the word
+<q>Rome.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You have said well,</q> he said; <q>it is of the
+Romans that I have been speaking. Let us make
+alliance with them. We shall be, as it were, an
+outpost for them against the King of Syria, against
+whom they have fought already, and, doubtless, will
+fight again. And they will be a protection to us.
+And with the Romans on our side, we need fear the
+Greeks no more.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+One <anchor id="corr354"/><corr sic="of">or</corr> two of the council were in Judas’s secret.
+Others had guessed, more or less correctly, what he
+was intending, but on most the announcement of
+his intention fell like a thunderbolt. For a few
+moments there was the pause of intense astonishment.
+Then followed a burst of indignation, in
+which, of course, the Chasidim led the way.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Say not,</q> cried one of their chief speakers, <q>the
+Romans are like to Israel because they have no
+king. Did not Samuel say to the people, when
+they fell away from their faith because of Nahash the
+Ammonite, and would have a king after the manner
+of the heathen round about, <q>The Lord your God is
+your King.</q> And shall we, knowing that the Lord
+Jehovah is the King of the Jews, reject Him from
+reigning over us, and choose us for rulers an
+assembly of some three hundred idolaters. Will
+you set these men of sin to be lords over the City of
+God?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='355'/><anchor id='Pg355'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> replied Judas, <q>you speak unadvisedly
+and rashly. We shall have our own rulers. We
+shall worship after our own way. The Romans will
+help us in war; and we shall help them as we only
+can. Did not David make friendship and alliance
+with Hiram, King of Tyre, and did not Solomon, in
+whose reign was peace, make that friendship and
+alliance yet closer?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The Chasidim replied, quoting the prophets and
+denunciations of the Egyptian alliance. <q>Even
+that accursed Rabshakeh,</q> they said, <q>spoke the
+truth, when he said that Pharaoh, King of Egypt,
+was a bruised reed which will go into a man’s
+hand and pierce it, if he lean upon it. So shall
+it be with thee, if thou lean upon Rome.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The war of words raged long and furiously. The
+Chasidim had the best of the argument, but to the
+majority of the council the prospect of a settled
+peace was irresistibly alluring. And the influence
+of Judas, too, was overpowering. By a large
+majority it was decided to send to Rome,
+Eupolemus, the son of John, and Jason, the son
+of Eleazar,<note place="foot">Observe the Greek names of the two. In each case the father’s
+name is Hebrew, and the son’s Greek. This seems to show how far
+the Hellenization of the people had proceeded.</note> envoys who had been selected for the
+mission by Judas himself.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When the resolution had been passed the council
+broke up, and the Chasidim dispersed with dark
+<pb n='356'/><anchor id='Pg356'/>looks and saddened hearts. The next few days
+passed in uncertainty and gloom. No news had
+come from Antioch as to the movements or intentions
+of the King. But there was little doubt as to
+what he would do. Whatever they might try to
+believe in their secret hearts they could not but own
+that when the opportunity came Demetrius would
+deal them a blow into which he would put all his
+strength.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And how would that blow be met? Would they
+be able to escape it, or parry it, or stand up against
+it? The Chasidim, the Ironsides, the men who had
+been the stay and strength of Judas’s armies, who
+had followed him to victory at Beth-zur, at Beth-horon,
+at Adasa, were miserably dejected. The
+embassy to Rome had broken their spirits. The
+issue, before so simple to these stern souls, narrow,
+perhaps, in their range of vision, but of a clear and
+single eye, was now confused. While they fought
+for the Lord against the gods of the heathen, they
+could confidently expect that He would show Himself
+greater than all gods, and this faith had made
+them irresistible. But now, if Jew and Roman
+were to fight side by side, with what confidence could
+they call upon the Lord of Hosts? Was He the
+Lord of <hi rend='italic'>that</hi> host, in whose ranks were ranged the
+battalions of the uncircumcised?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Some left the leader whom they now regarded as
+unfaithful to his trust, and departed to distant
+<pb n='357'/><anchor id='Pg357'/>villages, hanging up the swords which they were
+steadfastly resolved not to draw side by side with
+the heathen. Others, in whom the military instinct
+of discipline, or the personal attachment to Judas,
+as the general who had led them so often to victory,
+were so strong as to overpower all other considerations,
+remained with him. Nothing could take
+them from his side, but they went with heavy hearts
+and with an outlook on the future that was almost
+hopeless.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Meanwhile the embassy started. What the
+answer of the Romans would be Judas did not
+doubt. They would rejoice to secure the alliance
+of a people who could lend them aid so useful. But
+would the answer come in time to save the city and
+the Temple from the wrath of Demetrius?
+</p>
+
+<p>
+And indeed that wrath did not linger. Within a
+month Bacchides was on his way from Antioch with
+a force of twenty thousand foot and two thousand
+horse. The renegade Alcimus accompanied him,
+and was to be reinstated in his high-priesthood.
+Their line of march was through Galilee. On their
+way they took the fortified town of Masaloth, and
+put the garrison to the sword. It was about the
+time of the Passover feast that the invaders reached
+Jerusalem. There was some talk about attacking
+it; but Alcimus was urgent in resisting the proposal.
+<q>The King’s quarrel,</q> he said, <q>is with
+Judas, who is the cause of all this mischief, and
+<pb n='358'/><anchor id='Pg358'/>Judas is not here. And the King has commanded
+that I should be replaced in my office; but what
+shall my office profit me if there be no city for me
+to govern, nor Temple in which I am to minister?</q>
+Bacchides yielded to these representations, and
+leaving the city unhurt marched to Beeroth (a few
+miles north-east of Jerusalem) and there pitched his
+camp.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Among the patriots there was such doubt and
+dismay as had never been felt from the day when
+the aged Mattathias struck the first blow for
+freedom, not even in that dark hour when Judas
+and his famine-stricken followers were about to
+make their desperate sally from the Temple fortress.
+It was not that they were fighting against overwhelming
+odds, for they had faced as great before;
+it was that they had lost their unquestioning faith
+in their leader.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Ah!</q> said Micah to Azariah, when they were
+discussing the matter for the twentieth time—and
+indeed it was almost the only subject of their talk—<q>I
+have seen these heathen from near at hand—I
+say it with shame—and I know <sic>what</sic> they are
+better than you, better than Judas, who is so good
+that he can scarcely believe that other men are bad.
+<q><corr sic="(double quotes)">He that toucheth pitch shall be defiled,</corr></q> says
+Jesus, the son of Sirach, and though our captain is
+greater than other men, in this matter he is but as
+they are. What madness drove him to meddle with
+<pb n='359'/><anchor id='Pg359'/>the accursed thing? God forgive me if I speak evil
+of the ruler of my people, but I must say that which
+is in my heart.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> said Azariah, still loyal to his great-hearted
+chief, though he too had doubts which he
+had to crush down by sheer force of will—<q>nay, you
+go too far. Did not Jehoshaphat, the servant of the
+Lord, make alliance with the children of Edom when
+he fought against Mesha, the King of Moab?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>But the children of Edom,</q> answered Micah,
+<q>were akin to our people; but as for these Romans,
+they are utterly unclean. O, brother, I have often
+thought whether, as a faithful servant of the Law, I
+could remain any longer with the captain.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You will not leave us?</q> cried Azariah—<q>it only
+wants that, and I shall be ready to fall on my own
+sword.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>No; I shall not go. If I am wrong the Lord
+pardon me; but I cannot go when so many are
+falling away. Yet if these Romans come—then I
+shall depart.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>They will not come—at least before the battle.
+Judas knows it, and it troubles him. As for me, I
+know not. But this I know, that he is the servant
+of the Lord, and I will follow him to the death.
+Nevertheless I cry day and night unto the God of
+Israel that He will not suffer His servants to be found
+fighting in the ranks of them that know Him not.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There were the same doubts among the faithful
+<pb n='360'/><anchor id='Pg360'/>in the city. The aged Shemaiah had been in the
+Temple all day, assisting at the sacrifices which
+were being offered, and the prayers which were
+being put up for the success of Judas and his army.
+All night the services would be continued; but the
+old man was utterly worn out, and he had been led
+back by one of the Levites to Seraiah’s house.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Father,</q> said Ruth, <q>do you think that our
+prayers are heard? I know that God does not
+vouchsafe the visible signs of His presence in His
+Temple as He did in the days of old, and that He
+does not touch with fire from heaven the sacrifice
+that He accepts. But yet He sometimes seems to
+answer, and we feel in our hearts that He will give
+us what we ask. Has it been so to-day with you,
+father?</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+There was a touching eagerness in her manner,
+as she put the question. Not Miriam, not Deborah,
+had loved their country with a sincerer passion than
+did she; and then she had a husband and a brother
+in the camp, and she knew that before another sun
+had set, their fate and the fate of their country
+would be decided.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The priest shook his head. <q>My daughter,</q> he
+said, <q>I can give you no comfort, for no comfort has
+been given to me. My heart was cold within me
+while I prayed, for I could not forget that the
+servant of the Lord had touched the accursed thing
+when he sought the alliance of the Romans.</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='361'/><anchor id='Pg361'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>O sir,</q> broke in Huldah, who had been eagerly
+listening, <q>he did not do it for his own gain or
+advancement. He did but seek the peace of Israel.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Daughter,</q> said the old man, solemnly, <q>there
+are that cry <q>Peace! Peace!</q> when there is no
+peace; and that is no peace which can be got only
+by unlawful dealing with the heathen. It is God, and
+God only, that can give this blessing to His people.
+And He has greater blessings in store than this.
+Does Judas seek to be honoured and to make us
+honoured by the nations round about? If he would
+be in truth the servant of the Lord let him rather
+be content with the lot of which Isaiah the prophet
+speaks: <q>He is despised and rejected of men; a
+man of sorrows and acquainted with grief.</q> So
+only shall he make many righteous; so only shall
+he be exalted of God. This is the lot of the chosen
+people: not to live at ease among the nations.</q>
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="32" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='362'/><anchor id='Pg362'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXXII. The Last Battle"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXXII. The Last Battle"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXXII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE LAST BATTLE.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+It was the night before the battle. Day by day
+and hour by hour the contagion of doubt and disaffection
+had been spreading through the little
+army that followed Judas. He had had three
+thousand men when he pitched his camp at Eleasa,
+and the three thousand had now dwindled down to
+less than one.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas was sitting by one of the camp-fires with
+Azariah and Seraiah, when two soldiers came up,
+bringing bound between them a man who had
+endeavoured, they said, to make his way into the
+camp. He wore his hat drawn down over his forehead,
+and little of his face could be seen, but there
+was something in his figure that seemed familiar to
+Azariah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Who are you?</q> said Judas, <q>and what want
+you in the camp? Are you for us or for our
+enemies?</q>
+</p>
+
+<pb n='363'/><anchor id='Pg363'/>
+
+<p>
+<q>My lord,</q> said the man, <q>my name is Benjamin,
+and—for I will hide nothing from you—I am
+a robber. Once I was a soldier in your army, but
+I broke the law, and I fled lest I should be put to
+death. Now I am come, of my own accord, to make
+such amends for my transgression as I may. Slay
+me, if you will, as I stand here. There is no need
+of a trial. I have been tried and condemned, and
+I acknowledge that I deserve to die. But if you
+will be merciful, let me fight in the morning by your
+side; and on the morrow, if I yet live, let me suffer
+the due punishment. Life I ask not, but only that
+I may strike a blow for you before I die.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Unbind him,</q> said Judas to the soldiers.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The command was obeyed.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>You are free to go or stay. But I would gladly
+have you at my side to-morrow, for I have forgotten
+all but that you are a brave man.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin stepped forward, and raising the hem
+of the captain’s robe to his lips, kissed it. He then
+knelt, and putting his head to the ground made as
+though he would have placed Judas’s foot upon his
+neck.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Nay,</q> said the captain, <q>we want not slaves,
+but brothers.</q> And he raised him from the ground.
+<q>And now,</q> he went on, <q>sit down and tell us
+what you know, for I make sure that you have not
+come empty of news.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Benjamin did indeed know all that could be known
+<pb n='364'/><anchor id='Pg364'/>about the enemy, and, indeed, about the situation of
+affairs. To a question from Seraiah he replied that
+a surprise was impossible. The camp was too well
+guarded and watched.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Do they know our real numbers?</q> asked
+Judas.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Yes,</q> was the answer, <q>the deserters have told
+them.</q> And he proceeded to give a number of
+names of those who had gone over to the enemy,
+with a readiness and a precision that showed how
+diligent had been his watch.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+When he had told all his story, and understood
+that there was nothing more for him to do before the
+morrow, he wrapped himself in his cloak, and with
+characteristic indifference to the future, fell immediately
+into a profound and dreamless sleep.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+As soon as the first rays of light were seen Judas
+mustered his soldiers and hastily numbered them.
+There were about eight hundred in all, while the
+army of Bacchides, according to the calculations
+of Benjamin, which seemed to have been carefully
+made, could not be less than twenty thousand.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Judas was not dismayed by this disparity of
+numbers, but was still true to his old strategy of
+attack. <q>Let us go up against our enemies,</q> was
+the exhortation that he addressed to the remnant
+that was still faithful to him. At first they shrank
+back. The odds were too vast; the attempt too
+desperate. An old soldier who had proved his valour
+<pb n='365'/><anchor id='Pg365'/>on more than one battle-field was put forward as
+their spokesman.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This, sir,</q> he said, <q>will be to tempt God. Let
+us now save our lives. Hereafter we will return
+again, and fight with them. But now we are too
+few.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But Judas did not waver for a moment. <q>God
+forbid,</q> he cried, <q>that I should do this thing, and
+flee away from them. Not so; if our time is come,
+let us die manfully for our brethren, and not stain
+our honour.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+His words roused once more an answering echo
+in the hearts of those who heard him. They replied
+with a cry of assent. Victory they could not hope
+for, but their captain they would follow whithersoever
+he should lead them, and as long as he lived
+they would guard his life with theirs.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+The little host was then divided into five companies,
+commanded by Judas and his two brothers,
+Simon and Jonathan, by Seraiah and Micah respectively.
+Azariah, whose standing in the army
+would have entitled him to a separate command, had
+made a special request that he might be allowed to
+fight by the side of Judas. Benjamin had begged
+and obtained the same privilege.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+On both sides the trumpets sounded, and both
+armies moved forward. It was with nothing less
+than astonishment that the Greeks saw the slender
+proportion of the force that was opposed to them.
+<pb n='366'/><anchor id='Pg366'/>Most laughed aloud at the thought that such a
+handful of men should venture to stand up against
+their own well-appointed and numerous host.
+Others, who had before crossed swords with Judas’s
+men knew that that day’s battle, end as it might,
+would be no laughing matter. And indeed they
+were right. The little company of Jewish heroes
+fought as three centuries before Leonidas and his
+men had fought at Thermopylae.<note place="foot">We commonly talk of the <q>three hundred</q> at Thermopylae.
+As a matter of fact there were <hi rend='italic'>a thousand</hi>, not reckoning the Thebans,
+who are said to have laid down their arms at once. But the seven
+hundred men from Thespiae, a little Bœotian town, fought bravely to
+the end; only their glory is swallowed up in that of the <q>three
+hundred</q> Spartans. Canon Westcott speaks of this battle as the Jewish
+Thermopylae (<q>Dictionary of the Bible</q>).</note> The Greeks
+came on with the same arrogant confidence in their
+numbers as did the picked Persian force against
+the defenders of Greece, and met with a like disastrous
+repulse. Such was the fury of the Jewish
+soldiers, such their agility and strength, that they
+kept the attacking force in check during the whole
+day. When night approached the Greeks had made,
+it might almost be said, absolutely no way.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+But the resistance, successful as it had been, had
+cost lives, and Judas saw his force dwindling before
+his eyes. Then he made his last desperate effort.
+He threw himself on the right wing, where
+Bacchides commanded in person, broke the line,
+and drove it in confusion before him. Possibly he
+<pb n='367'/><anchor id='Pg367'/>was too rash in his pursuit, but on such a day, when
+such odds are to be encountered, it is scarcely possible
+to distinguish between rashness and courage.
+Anyhow, it was but a brief success. The left wing
+closed in upon his rear, and he and his gallant band
+were surrounded. Judas was the mark of a hundred
+swords and spears. For a time he seemed to bear a
+charmed life. Azariah and Benjamin, at his right
+hand and his left, beat down the blows aimed at
+him, wholly careless of their own lives, while he
+with the long sweep of his fatal sword—the same
+that he had taken from the dead Apollonius on his
+first battle-field—dealt blow after blow, till the
+ground was covered with the corpses of his enemies.
+But a spear pierced the stout heart of Benjamin,
+and a sword-stroke laid Azariah in the dust; and
+just as the sun sank behind the rugged hills, the
+hero who had smitten the enemies of his country at
+Bethhoron and Emmaüs, at Elah and at Adasa, had
+struck his last blow. The Hammer lay broken on
+the rock.
+</p>
+
+</div><div type="chapter" n="33" rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb n='368'/><anchor id='Pg368'/>
+<index index="toc" level1="XXXIII. The Hope of Israel"/>
+<index index="pdf" level1="XXXIII. The Hope of Israel"/>
+<head>CHAPTER XXXIII.<lb/><lb/><hi rend="smaller">THE HOPE OF ISRAEL.</hi></head>
+
+<p>
+A week had passed since the fatal day of Eleasa.
+Judas had been buried in peace in the grave where
+he had laid, five years before, the aged Mattathias.
+The Greek general had been so much impressed
+with the valour and generalship of the Jewish hero
+that he strictly ordered that no indignity should be
+offered to his remains; and when an envoy came
+from the surviving brothers to ask that the corpse
+should be given up for burial, made no difficulty
+about granting the request. It was only fitting that
+a brave man should be so honoured. The King, too,
+had been avenged on his enemy, nor did he imagine
+for a moment that the rebels, as he called them,
+would continue to hold out now that their leader had
+been taken from them. It was impossible for him to
+foresee that those undaunted brothers would maintain
+the desperate struggle until they had wrung
+from the Syrian king the recognition of Jewish
+<pb n='369'/><anchor id='Pg369'/>independence. Accordingly he granted a truce for
+a fortnight, and even sent some of his troops to
+accompany the funeral procession. It had been
+a touching scene; and when the hero had been laid
+to rest in the sepulchre of his fathers, and the
+piercing voices of the women, many of whom had
+struggled over the long and toilsome way from Jerusalem
+to be present, raised the cry of lamentation,
+many of the Greek soldiers found themselves moved
+to tears. This had been the dirge that had been
+sung over the grave:—
+</p>
+
+<lg>
+<l><q rend="post: none">How is the valiant man fallen that delivered Israel.</q></l>
+<l>In his acts he was like a lion, and like a lion’s whelp roaring for his prey.</l>
+<l>For he pursued the wicked, and sought them out, and burnt up those that vexed his people.</l>
+<l>Wherefore the wicked shrunk for fear of him, and all the workers of iniquity were troubled, because salvation prospered in his hand.</l>
+<l><q rend="pre: none">He grieved also many kings, and made Jacob glad with his acts, and his memorial is blessed for ever.</q></l>
+</lg>
+
+<p>
+And now once more the little company of those
+whom we have known by name are gathered in
+Seraiah’s house. The orphaned girls are there,
+Miriam and Judith, passionately grieving for their
+father, but yet exulting as passionately that he was
+at the side of Judas to the last, and that his hope
+had been at least so far fulfilled that he and the
+captain whom he loved had been saved from drawing
+sword among the legions of Rome. Little Daniel,
+<pb n='370'/><anchor id='Pg370'/>too, is there, his childish heart sorely troubled with
+the darkness of a dispensation which he cannot
+understand; and Ruth, comforting herself and the
+children with the thought that he whom they had
+lost had rejoined his own Hannah, and half reproaching
+herself for her selfish joy in having her
+Seraiah still spared to her. Huldah and Eglah,
+who had been among the mourners at Modin, are
+there also, and the aged priest Shemaiah.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>O father,</q> cried one of the women, <q>tell us why
+these things are so. Why does God so disappoint us
+of our hopes? We trusted that it had been he who
+should have delivered Israel, and now he is dead!</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We must wait,</q> said the old man, <q rend="post: none">for God’s
+good time, for He seeth not as we see. Did not
+David think that Solomon, his son, should be the
+promised king of Israel; and, behold, he turned aside
+to worship idols, and laid such burdens on the people
+that his kingdom was broken in twain? And now
+we, too, have built our hopes upon a man, and they
+have failed. Surely of Judas it might have been
+said, <q>He shall deliver the needy when he crieth,
+the poor also, and him that hath no helper; he
+shall redeem their soul from deceit and violence, and
+dear shall their blood be in his sight.</q></q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We looked,</q> said Seraiah, <q>for the time when
+all kings should fall down before him, all nations
+should do him service. He seemed like the stone
+cut out of the mountain without hands that should
+<pb n='371'/><anchor id='Pg371'/>smite all the kingdoms of evil, and we waited for the
+reign of Messiah the Prince.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>And will Messiah come?</q> cried little Daniel,
+who had been eagerly listening to these words,
+not understanding all, indeed, but catching their
+general purport.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Surely, my son,</q> said the old man; <q>but there
+are many things to be suffered first.</q>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+He was silent for a time, sitting with eyes that
+seemed to take no heed of the present, but to be
+gazing into a far futurity. At last he spoke.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>He loved Israel with all his heart, but he has
+brought upon us a people of iron, harder than the
+brazen Greeks. He looked to them for help that he
+might build up the walls of Sion, and behold! in the
+days to come they will make Jerusalem a desolation
+and the inhabitants thereof a hissing. And yet, by
+the Lord’s help, he wrought a great deliverance for
+Israel. He recovered and cleansed the Temple, and
+by his hand the Lord changed the king’s commandment,
+so that we may once more worship Him in
+the beauty of holiness. And surely, had it not been
+for him, when he put to flight the hosts of Lysias,
+we should have been carried away again into
+captivity. For this was in the heart of our persecutors;
+only Judas stood in the way that it should
+not be done. The Lord reward him for it, and
+impute not his transgression unto him, for he did
+not transgress wilfully, or out of an evil heart.
+<pb n='372'/><anchor id='Pg372'/>Nevertheless, I am persuaded that it shall not be so
+when Messiah shall come, for come He will at the
+appointed time, seeing that the Lord repenteth Him
+not of His promises. Verily He shall not do homage
+to any godless bestower of kingdoms, nor listen to
+the voice of the Evil One, though he promise Him
+all the world and the glory of it. With His own
+right hand and with His holy arm will He get
+Himself the victory!</q>
+</p>
+
+</div> </body>
+ <back rend="page-break-before: always">
+<div><pb n='373'/><anchor id='Pg373'/>
+
+<head>THE FAMILY OF THE ASMONEANS, OR MACCABEES.</head>
+
+<p>
+The name <q>Maccabee,</q> probably derived from a Hebrew word
+signifying a <q>Hammer,</q> was originally given to Judas, and afterwards
+extended to his four brothers. They came of a priestly family, belonging
+to the first and noblest of the twenty-four <q>courses,</q> taking its
+name from a certain Asmon or Chasmon, great-grandfather of
+Mattathias, father of Judas. The five heroic brothers all met with
+a violent death.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+That of Judas and Eleazar has been already described.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+John, the eldest, was killed in a skirmish, shortly after the death of
+Judas.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Jonathan maintained himself in power by a clever policy of leaning
+on Rome, and taking part with various claimants to the Syrian crown.
+He became High-priest at some time after the year 153, and perished
+in 144 by the treachery of a certain Tryphon, who usurped for a time
+the throne of Syria.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Simon succeeded to the High-priesthood, and governed the Jewish
+people for a period of eight years with great success. In <hi rend='small'>B.C.</hi> 143 he
+obtained from the Syrian king a formal recognition of the independence
+of the Jews, and in the following year he got possession of the fortress
+in Jerusalem occupied by the Syrian faction. In 135 he was treacherously
+murdered by his son-in-law, Ptolemaeus.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Simon, who had maintained the alliance with Rome, was succeeded
+by his son John Hyrcanus, who followed the same policy, and he again
+by his son Aristobulus, who assumed the title of King in 107.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+Mariamne, the unhappy wife of Herod the Great, belonged to the
+Maccabean House. With the death of her two sons it became extinct.
+</p>
+
+</div><div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb/><anchor id='Pg374'/>
+
+<p rend="center">
+The Gresham Press,<lb/>
+<hi rend="small">UNWIN BROTHERS</hi>,<lb/>
+<hi rend="small">CHILWORTH AND LONDON</hi>.
+</p>
+</div><div rend="page-break-before: always">
+<pb/><anchor id='Pg375'/>
+
+<p rend="center">
+BY THE SAME AUTHOR.
+</p>
+
+<milestone unit="tb" rend="rule: 30%"/>
+<p>
+STORIES FROM HOMER. With Coloured Illustrations. Eighteenth
+Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A book which ought to become an English classic. It is full of
+the pure Homeric flavour.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Spectator.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+STORIES FROM VIRGIL. With Coloured Illustrations. Fourteenth
+Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Superior to his <q>Stories from Homer,</q> good as they were, and perhaps
+as perfect a specimen of that peculiar form of translation as could
+be.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Times.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+STORIES FROM THE GREEK TRAGEDIANS. With Coloured
+Illustrations. Eighth Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Not only a pleasant and entertaining book for the fireside, but a
+storehouse of facts from history to be of real service to them when they
+come to read a Greek play for themselves.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Standard.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+STORIES OF THE EAST FROM HERODOTUS. With
+Coloured Illustrations. Seventh Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>For a school prize a more suitable book will hardly be found.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Literary
+Churchman.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A very quaint and delightful book.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Spectator.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+THE STORY OF THE PERSIAN WAR FROM HERODOTUS.
+With Coloured Illustrations. Fifth Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>We are inclined to think this is the best volume of Professor
+Church’s series since the excellent <q>Stories from Homer.</q></q>—<hi rend='italic'>Athenæum.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+STORIES FROM LIVY. With Coloured Illustrations. Fifth
+Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The lad who gets this book for a present will have got a genuine
+classical treasure.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Scotsman.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+ROMAN LIFE IN THE DAYS OF CICERO. With Coloured
+Illustrations. Fourth Thousand. Price 5s., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The best prize-book of the season.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Journal of Education.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+THE STORY OF THE LAST DAYS OF JERUSALEM FROM
+JOSEPHUS. With Coloured Illustrations. Fourth Thousand.
+Price 3s. <corr sic="6d.">6d.,</corr> cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The execution of this work has been performed with that judiciousness
+of selection and felicity of language which have combined to raise
+Professor Church far above the fear of rivalry.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Academy.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<pb/><anchor id='Pg376'/>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+A TRAVELLER’S TRUE TALE FROM LUCIAN. With
+Coloured Illustrations. Third Thousand. Price 3s. 6d., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>There can hardly be a more amusing book of marvels for young
+people than this.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Saturday Review.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+HEROES AND KINGS. Stories from the Greek. Fifth Thousand.
+Price 1s. 6d., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This volume is quite a little triumph of neatness and taste.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Saturday
+Review.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+THE STORIES OF THE ILIAD AND THE ÆNEID. With
+Illustrations. Price 1s., sewed, or 1s. 6d., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The attractive and scholar-like rendering of the story cannot fail,
+we feel sure, to make it a favourite at home as well as at school.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Educational
+Times.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+THE CHANTRY PRIEST OF BARNET: A Tale of the Two
+Roses. With Coloured Illustrations. Fourth Thousand. Price 5s.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This is likely to be a very useful book, as it is certainly very interesting
+and well got up.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Saturday Review.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+WITH THE KING AT OXFORD. A Story of the Great Rebellion.
+With Coloured Illustrations. Fourth Thousand. Price 5s.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Excellent sketches of the times.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Athenæum.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+THE COUNT OF THE SAXON SHORE. A Tale of the Departure
+of the Romans from Britain. With Sixteen Illustrations.
+Third Thousand. Price 5s.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>A good stirring tale.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Daily News.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+STORIES OF THE MAGICIANS: <hi rend='smallcaps'>Thalaba</hi>; <hi rend='smallcaps'>Rustem</hi>; <hi rend='smallcaps'>The
+Curse of Kehama</hi>. With Coloured Illustrations. Price 5s.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>Worthy of all praise.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Pall Mall Gazette.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+THREE GREEK CHILDREN. A Story of Home in Old Time.
+With Twelve Illustrations. Price 3s. 6d.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>This is a very fascinating little book.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Spectator.</hi>
+</p>
+
+<p rend="margin-top: 2">
+TO THE LIONS! A Tale of the Early Christians. With Sixteen
+Illustrations. Price 3s. 6d., cloth.
+</p>
+
+<p>
+<q>The picture of the life of the Early Christians is drawn with admirable
+simplicity and distinctness.</q>—<hi rend='italic'>Guardian.</hi>
+</p></div>
+<div>
+ <pgIf output="pdf">
+ <then/>
+ <else>
+ <div id="footnotes" rend="page-break-before: right">
+ <index index="toc" level1="Footnotes"/>
+ <head>Footnotes</head>
+ <divGen type="footnotes"/>
+ </div>
+ </else>
+ </pgIf>
+ </div>
+<div rend="page-break-before:right; x-class: boxed">
+ <index index="pdf" level1="Transcriber's Note"/><index index="toc" level1="Transcriber’s Note"/>
+ <head>Transcriber’s Note</head>
+ <p>Variations in hyphenation
+ have not been changed. In several places, wrong quotation marks have been silently corrected.</p>
+ <p>Other changes, which have been made to the text:</p>
+
+<list>
+<item><ref target="corrxi">page xi</ref>, <q>ELEAZER</q> changed to <q>ELEAZAR</q></item>
+<item><ref target="corr230">page 230</ref>, double <q>the</q> removed</item>
+<item><ref target="corr354">page 354</ref>, <q>of</q> changed to <q>or</q></item>
+
+</list>
+ </div>
+<div rend="page-break-before: right">
+ <divGen type="pgfooter"/>
+ </div>
+ </back>
+ </text>
+</TEI.2>
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