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diff --git a/old/44527.txt b/old/44527.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2a48293 --- /dev/null +++ b/old/44527.txt @@ -0,0 +1,8183 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. +Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, Plates, by Ernst Haeckel + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: Report on the Radiolaria Collected by H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-1876, Plates + Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger During the Years 1873-76, Vol. XVIII + + +Author: Ernst Haeckel + + + +Release Date: December 28, 2013 [eBook #44527] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT ON THE RADIOLARIA COLLECTED +BY H.M.S. CHALLENGER DURING THE YEARS 1873-1876, PLATES*** + + +E-text prepared by Charlene Taylor, Adrian Mastronardi, Keith Edkins, and +the Online Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page +images generously made available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org) + + + +Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this + file which includes the original illustrations. + See 44527-h.htm or 44527-h.zip: + (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44527/44527-h/44527-h.htm) + or + (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/44527/44527-h.zip) + + + Images of the original pages are available through + Internet Archive. See + https://archive.org/details/reportonradiolar00haecrich + + + Project Gutenberg has the other two parts of this work. + First Part: First Part: Porulosa (Spumellaria and Acantharia) + see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44525. + Second Part: Subclass Osculosa; Index + see http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/44526. + + +Transcriber's note: + + Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_Actissa_). + + A carat character is used to denote superscription: a + single character following the carat is superscripted + (example: _g_^2). + + Some typographical errors in the printed work have been + corrected. They are listed at the end of the text. + + + + + +REPORT ON THE SCIENTIFIC RESULTS OF THE VOYAGE OF H.M.S. CHALLENGER +DURING THE YEARS 1873-76 + +Under the Command of Captain George S. Nares, R.N., F.R.S. +and the Late Captain Frank Tourle Thomson, R.N. + +Prepared Under the Superintendence of +the Late Sir C. Wyville Thomson, KNT., F.R.S., &c. +Regius Professor of Natural History in the University of Edinburgh +Director of the Civilian Scientific Staff on Board +and Now of +John Murray +One of the Naturalists of the Expedition + +ZOOLOGY--VOL. XVIII. + +PLATES + +Published by Order of Her Majesty's Government + + + + + + + +Printed for Her Majesty's Stationary Office +and Sold by +London:--Eyre & Spottiswoode, East Harding Street, Fetter Lane +Edinburgh:--Adam & Charles Black +Dublin:--Hodges, Figgis, & Co. +1887 + +Price (in Two Parts, with a Volume of Plates) L5, 10s. + + + + +CONTENTS. + + +REPORT on the RADIOLARIA collected by H.M.S. CHALLENGER during the years +1873-1876. + +By ERNST HAECKEL, M.D., Ph.D., Professor of Zoology in the University of +Jena. + +PLATES. + + + + +CONTENTS. + + + PLATES 1-50. SPUMELLARIA. + " 51-98. NASSELLARIA. + " 99-128. PHAEODARIA. + " 129-140. ACANTHARIA. + MAP, SHOWING THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE RADIOLARIA. + + + +PLATE 1. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order COLLOIDEA. + +Family THALASSICOLLIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Actissa princeps_, n. sp., x 300 13 + + The entire living Spumellarium. _c_, The spherical central + capsule containing finely granulated protoplasm, which + is radially striated in the cortical zone; _v_, + spherical vacuoles enclosed by the protoplasm; _n_, the + spherical nucleus in the centre; _l_, the concentric + nucleolus; _f_, the radial pseudopodia which pierce the + calymma or the (yellowish) jelly-envelope of the + central capsule and arise from the granular + sarcomatrix. + + Fig. 1_a_. Half of the central capsule of another specimen, + in which the original central nucleus is cleft into + numerous small nuclei, x 400 + + Fig. 1_b_. Half of the central capsule of another specimen, + filled up by flagellate spores, x 400 + + Fig. 1_c_. Eight isolated flagellate spores, x 800 + + Fig. 2. _Thalassolampe maxima_, n. sp., x 8 17 + + The entire living Spumellarium. _c_, The big spherical + central capsule; _a_, the large alveoles filling the + central capsule and surrounding a central nucleus; _f_, + the pseudopodia piercing the extracapsular calymma. + + Fig. 2_a_. The nucleus alone, with numerous nucleoli, x 30 + + Fig. 3. _Thalassopila cladococcus_, n. sp., x 20 17 + + _c_, The big central capsule; _a_, numerous large alveoles + contained in the central capsule; _k_, oil globules, + many of which are placed in the radially striped + cortical zone; the nucleus placed centrally, is covered + with numerous radial apophyses or caecal sacs. _f_, The + radially striped calymma. + + Fig. 4. _Thalassicolla maculata_, n. sp., x 100 21 + + _c_, The central capsule; _v_, vacuoles filling this + capsule; _n_, the central nucleus; _l_, the concentric + nucleolus; _g_, the voluminous calymma, a small radial + piece of which is only represented; _a_, the large + alveoles; _b_, peculiar exoplasmatic bodies; _p_, black + pigment in the inner zone; _f_, the retracted + pseudopodia in the outer zone. + + Fig. 4_a_. An exoplasmatic body, x 300 + + Fig. 4_b_, Vacuoles in the endoplasm, x 300 + + Fig. 5. _Thalassicolla melacapsa_, n. sp., x 300 21 + + _n_, The large nucleus; _l_, numerous small nucleoli inside + the nucleus; _v_, the vacuoles filling up the central + capsule and separated by black pigment; _a_, large + alveoles in the calymma; _k_, oil globules; _b_, + exoplasmatic bodies; _f_, the retracted pseudopodia in + the outer zone of the calymma. + + Fig. 5_a_. An endoplasmatic vacuole, resembling a cell, x 600 + + Fig. 5_b_. A piece of the central capsule, x 600 + +[Illustration: 1. ACTISSA. 2. THALASSOLAMPE. 3. THALASSOPILA. 4. 5. +THALASSOCOLLA.] + + + +PLATE 2. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order BELOIDEA. + +Family THALASSOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lampoxanthium pandora_, n. sp., x 120 38 + + The central capsule exhibits distinct pore-canals in its + membrane, and a clear interval between this and the + coagulated and vacuolated protoplasm. The central + nucleus contains numerous dark nucleoli. The spicula + are scattered throughout the alveolate calymma. + + Fig. 2. _Thalassoplancta brevispicula_, n. sp. (vel + _Lampoxanthium brevispiculum_), x 120 36 + + The central capsule contains numerous clear vacuoles, and + in the cortical zone a layer of large oil-globules. The + central nucleus includes numerous dark nucleoli. The + calymma is alveolate. The spicula lie only in the + cortical zone. + + Fig. 3. _Thalassoxanthium cervicorne_, n. sp., x 300 33 + + The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and + contains a large central nucleus, with a single + nucleolus. The spicula surround the thin calymma. + + Fig. 4. _Thalassoxanthium cervicorne_, n. sp., x 600 33 + + A single spiculum. + + Fig. 5. _Thalassoxanthium medusinum_, n. sp., x 120 32 + + The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and + contains on its cortical zone a layer of large + oil-globules. The central nucleus contains numerous + dark nucleoli. The calymma is radially striped, + contains numerous small xanthellae, and is surrounded + by the spicula. + + Fig. 6. _Thalassoxanthium octoceras_, n. sp., x 400 34 + + Three isolated spicula. + +[Illustration: LAMPOXANTHIUM.] + + + +PLATE 3. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order COLLOIDEA. + +Family COLLOZOIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Collozoum serpentinum_, n sp (vel _Collophidium + serpentinum_, Hkl), x 10 26 + + A living coenobium, with expanded pseudopodia. The + spherical calymma (or the common jelly-mass of the + colony) is alveolate and contains numerous cylindrical, + serpentine, central capsules. Numerous yellow cells or + xanthellae are scattered between the radial pseudopodia + in the periphery. + + Fig. 2. _Collozoum serpentinum_, n. sp., x 50 26 + + An isolated, cylindrical, worm-shaped, central capsule, + with an axial series of oil-globules; the red points + are nuclei. + + Fig. 3. _Collozoum serpentinum_, n. sp., x 150 26 + + An isolated, cylindrical, serpentine, central capsule. _k_, + Oil-globules forming an axial series; _n_, densely + placed, red-coloured nuclei;, _c_, the capsule membrane + under which are scattered small black pigment spots in + the colourless cortical zone of the endoplasm; _a_, + extracapsular alveoles; _x_, xanthellae or "yellow + cells." + + Fig. 4. _Collozoum amoeboides_, n. sp., x 100 28 + + A spherical coenobium or jelly-colony. Each amoeboid + central capsule contains an oil-globule; the small red + points are nuclei. + + Fig. 5. _Collozoum amoeboides_, n. sp., x 400 28 + + _c_, A single isolated central capsule; _n_, nuclei; _k_, + oil-globule. + + Fig. 6. _Collozoum vermiforme_, n. sp., x 30 27 + + _g_, A spherical coenobium or jelly-colony; _a_, large + alveoles, forming a cortical zone; _c_, central + capsules; _k_, oil-globules. + + Fig. 7. _Collozoum vermiforme_, n. sp., x 100 27 + + _c_, A single isolated central capsule; _x_, xanthellae + surrounding this central capsule; _k_, oil-globules; + _n_, nuclei. + + Fig. 8. _Collozoum ellipsoides_, n. sp., x 2 26 + + A spherical colony; the red points are central capsules. + + Fig. 9. _Collozoum ellipsoides_, n. sp., x 150 26 + + _c_, A single isolated central capsule; _k_, oil-globules; + _n_, nuclei. + + Fig. 10. _Collozoum inerme_, Hkl., x 2 25 + + An old, cylindrical, articulated coenobium; the red points + are centralcapsules. + + Fig. 11. _Collozoum inerme_, Hkl., x 2 25 + + A young cylindrical coenobium; the red points are central + capsules. + + Fig. 12. _Collozoum inerme_, Hkl., x 400 25 + + A piece of a young colony with eight small central + capsules, without oil-globules. _n_, The central + nucleus in different stages of division. Two capsules + are also dividing. _x_, Xanthellae in the jelly-like + calymma (blue), which also contains numerous vacuoles. + +[Illustration: COLLOZOUM.] + + + +PLATE 4. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders BELOIDEA. + +Families Sphaerozoida. + + Fig. 1. _Sphaerozoum trigeminum_, n. sp., x 50 43 + + An annular colony. The main mass of the jelly-colony is + filled up by large alveoles; the entire surface is + densely covered with spicula, and beyond this + skeleton-cover lie the spherical central capsules, each + with an oil-globule. This species is by mistake not + mentioned in the text. + + Fig. 2. _Sphaerozoum alveolatum_, n. sp., x 50 43 + + Section through a spherical colony; displaying the inside + of a hemisphere. All the central capsules lie in a + single stratum on the surface of the jelly-sphere, each + being surrounded by a thick-walled alveole. The spicula + lie between the alveole and the capsule, which includes + a central oil-globule. + + Fig. 3. _Sphaerozoum alveolatum_, n. sp., x 400 43 + + A single central capsule, filled up by crystal-spores. + Numerous geminato-radiate spicula and spherical + xanthellae lie between the capsule and the including + thick-walled alveole. In the jelly-calymma, between the + capsule and the alveole, numerous thin ramified + pseudopodia are expanded. + + Fig. 4. _Sphaerozoum geminatum_, n. sp., x 400 45 + + A single central capsule, with a central oil-globule, + surrounded by numerous spicula and spherical + xanthellae. The jelly-substance of the calymma is + expanded between the points of the spicula. + + Fig. 5. _Sphaerozoum variabile_, n. sp., x 300 45 + + Three isolated spicula. + + Fig. 6. _Sphaerozoum pandora_, n. sp. (vel _Rhaphidozoum + pandora_), x 300 49 + + A group of various spicula. + + Fig. 7. _Sphaerozoum verticillatum_, n. sp., x 300 44 + + A single spiculum. + + Fig. 8. _Sphaerozoum arborescens_, n. sp., x 300 44 + + A single spiculum. + + Fig. 9. _Sphaerozoum armatum_, n. sp., x 300 43 + + A single spiculum. + +[Illustration: SPHAEROZOUM.] + + + +PLATE 5. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family COLLOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Trypanosphaera transformata_, n. sp., x 150 111 + + A living colony. The centre of the spherical coenobium + contains a large alveole, surrounded by a net of + sarcode. The entire calymma is filled up by smaller, + thin-walled alveoles. Its inner part contains numerous + small, young, central capsules (each with an + oil-globule) without shells; in the cortical zone of + the calymma lie larger capsules, each of which is + enclosed by a fenestrated shell with from two to four + or more dentated tubes. Between the radiant pseudopodia + very numerous small yellow cells (xanthellae), which + are scattered everywhere. + + Fig. 2. _Trypanosphaera transformata_, n. sp., x 300 111 + + A single shell. + + Fig. 3. _Trypanosphaera coronata_, n. sp., x 300 110 + + Fig. 4. _Trypanosphaera trepanata_, n. sp., x 300 110 + + Fig. 5. _Odontosphaera monodon_, n. sp., x 300 102 + + Fig. 6. _Odontosphaera cyrtodon_, n. sp., x 300 102 + + Fig. 7. _Acrosphaera inflata_, n. sp., x 300 101 + + Fig. 8. _Mazosphaera hippotis_, n. sp., x 400 108 + + Fig. 9. _Mazosphaera lagotis_, n. sp., x 300 108 + + Fig. 10. _Pharyngosphaera stomodaea_, n. sp., x 400 98 + + Fig. 11. _Buccinosphaera invaginata_. n. sp., x 500 99 + + Each shell contains numerous larger and smaller crystals. + + Fig. 12. _Tribonosphaera centripetalis_, n. sp., x 500 98 + + Each shell contains numerous large crystals. + + Fig. 13. _Collosphaera polygona_, n. sp., x 200 96 + +[Illustration: 1-4. TRYPANOSPHAERA. 5-9. MAZOSPHAERA. 10. 11. +BUCCINOSPHAERA. 12. 13. COLLOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 6. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family COLLOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. Siphonosphaera socialis, n. sp., x 500 106 + + A small piece of the surface of a living coenobium, seen + from the surface. Only four individuals are visible, + the central capsule of which contains numerous small + nuclei and a central oil-globule. The including + spherical lattice-shell is provided with a few (one to + four) larger apertures, which are prolonged into short + cylindrical tubules. Through these latter radiate + bundles of fine pseudopodia, branching and + anastomosing, and forming a fine sarcode network + between the alveoles of the calymma. On the surface of + the alveolated jelly-sphere the pseudopodia form a + dense radiating zone. Xanthella or yellow cells are + everywhere scattered. + + Fig. 2. _Siphonosphaera socialis_, n. sp., x 300 106 + + A small coenobium or colony in the state of alveolation, + forming a jelly-sphere, composed of a great number of + capsulated individuals, densely aggregated. Each + central capsule contains an oil-globule, and is + enclosed by a spherical lattice-shell, which bears a + few (one to four) short cylindrical tubules. Each shell + is again enveloped by a membranous polyhedral alveole + and separated from it by structureless jelly. The thick + cortical jelly-envelope, which surrounds the whole + spherical colony, exhibits a fine radial striation, + produced by radiating pseudopodia; many xanthellae or + yellow cells are scattered in the calymma. + + Fig. 3. _Siphonosphaera pipetta_, n. sp., x 300 108 + + Fig. 4. _Siphonosphaera tubulosa_, J. Mueller, x 300 105 + + The central capsule, enclosed in the cavity of the shell, + has a central oil-globule, and is surrounded by a few + xanthella. + + Fig. 5. _Siphonosphaera chonophora_, n. sp., x 300 107 + + Fig. 6. _Siphonosphaera serpula_, n. sp., x 300 107 + + Fig. 7. _Siphonosphaera patinaria_, n sp., x 300 105 + + The central capsule, enclosed in the cavity of the shell, + contains a central oil-globule, and is surrounded by a + few xanthella. + + Fig. 8. _Siphonosphaera patinaria_, n. sp., x 300 105 + + Fig. 9. _Siphonosphaera conifera_, n. sp., x 300 106 + + Fig. 10. _Siphonosphaera cyathina_, n. sp., x 300 105 + +[Illustration: SIPHONOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 7. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family COLLOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1 _Caminosphaera dendrophora_, n. sp., x 300 112 + + Fig. 2. _Caminosphaera dichotoma_, n. sp., x 300 112 + + Fig. 3. _Coronosphaera diadema_, n. sp., x 300 117 + + Fig. 4. _Coronosphaera calycina_, n. sp., x 300 117 + + Fig. 5. _Otosphaera auriculata_, n. sp., x 300 116 + + Fig. 6. _Otosphaera polymorpha_, n. sp., x 300 116 + + Fig. 7. _Solenosphaera serpentina_, n. sp., x 300 114 + + Fig. 8. _Solenosphaera cornucopia_, n. sp., x 300 115 + + Fig. 9. _Solenosphaera ascensionis_, n. sp., x 300 115 + + Fig. 10. _Solenosphaera pandora_, n. sp., x 300 113 + + Fig. 11. _Solenosphaera pandora_, n. sp., x 100 113 + + An entire spherical coenobium. The shells of the colony + bear a variable number of fenestrated radial tubes and + are densely crowded in the jelly-sphere of the calymma, + the cortical zone of which is radially striped. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. CAMINOSPHAERA. 3. 4. CORONOSPHAERA. 5. 6. OTOSPHAERA. +7.-11. SOLENOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 8. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family COLLOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Acrosphaera echinoides_, n. sp., x 400 100 + + Fig. 2. _Acrosphaera collina_, n. sp., x 300 101 + + Fig. 3. _Chaenicosphaera nassiterna_, n. sp., x 400 103 + + Fig. 4. _Chaenicosphaera murrayana_, n. sp., x 300 102 + + Fig. 5. _Chaenicosphaera flammabunda_, n. sp., x 300 103 + + Fig. 6. _Clathrosphaera circumtexta_, n. sp., x 400 118 + + Fig. 7. _Clathrosphaera arachnoides_, n. sp., x 300 119 + + Fig. 8. _Clathrosphaera lamellosa_, n. sp., x 300 119 + + Fig. 9. _Xanthiosphaera erinacea_, n. sp., x 400 120 + + Fig. 10. _Xanthiosphaera lappacea_, n. sp., x 300 120 + + Fig. 11. _Xanthiosphaera lappacea_, n. sp., x 100 120 + + A complete spherical coenobium. The associated central + capsules (each with a double shell) are densely crowded + in the central part of the calymma, whilst its + peripheral part is occupied by a layer of large + alveoles. Numerous xanthellae or yellow cells an + scattered in the calymma. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. ACROSPHAERA. 3.-5. CHOENICOSPHAERA. 6.-8. +CLATHROSPHAERA. 9.-11. XANTHIOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 9. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order LARCOIDEA. + +Family PYLONIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Monozonium alatum_, n. sp., x 300 633 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 1_a_. Apical view. + + Fig. 2. _Dizonium pleuracanthum_, n. sp., x 400 636 + + Fig. 3. _Dizonium stauracanthum_, n. sp., x 300 636 + + Fig. 4. _Trizonium tricinctum_, n. sp., x 300 637 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 4_a_. Lateral view. + + Fig. 4_b_. Apical view. + + Fig. 5. _Amphipyle tetraceros_, n. sp., x 400 642 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 6. _Amphipyle callizona_, n. sp., x 300 644 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 7. _Amphipyle amphiptera_, n. sp., x 300 642 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 7_a_. Lateral view. + + Fig. 8. _Tetrapyle circularis_, n. sp., x 300 645 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 9. _Tetrapyle pleuracantha_, n. sp., x 400 646 + + Dorsal view. The lentelliptical central capsule is visible + between medullary and cortical shell. + + Fig. 10. _Tetrapyle turrita_, n. sp., x 400 649 + + Oblique view, half dorsal, half lateral. + + Fig. 11. _Octopyle stenozona_, n. sp., x 400 652 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 12. _Octopyle sexangulata_, n. sp., x 300 653 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 13. _Octopyle decastyle_, n. sp., x 300 654 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 13_a_. Lateral view. + + Fig. 14. _Pylonium quadricorne_, n. sp., x 400 655 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 15. _Tetrapylonium quadrangulare_, n. sp., x 300 658 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 16. _Pylozonium octacanthum_, n. sp., x 300 660 + + Dorsal view. + +[Illustration: 1.-4. TRIZONIUM, 5.-7. AMPHIPYLE. 8.-10. TETRAPYLE, 11.-13. +OCTOPYLE, 14.-16. PYLONIUM.] + + + +PLATE 10. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order LARCOIDEA. + +Family THOLONIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tholartus tricolus_, n. sp., x 200 664 + + Fig. 2. _Tholodes cupula_, n. sp., x 500 665 + + Fig. 3. _Amphitholus artiscus_, n. sp., x 400 666 + + Fig. 4. _Amphitholus panicium_, n. sp., x 500 668 + + Fig. 5. _Amphitholus acanthometra_, n. sp., x 300 667 + + Fig. 6. _Amphitholus acanthometra_, n. sp., x 300 667 + + Frontal section of the shell. + + Fig. 7. _Amphitholonium tricolonium_, n. sp., x 300 669 + + Fig. 8. _Staurotholus tetrastylus_, n. sp., x 300 673 + + Fig. 9. _Staurotholus dodecastylus_, n. sp., x 400 674 + + Fig. 10. _Tholoma quadrigeminum_, n. sp., x 200 672 + + Fig. 11. _Staurotholonium octodoronium_, n. sp., x 300 676 + + Fig. 12. _Tholocubus tessellatus_, n. sp., x 200 677 + + Fig. 13. _Tholoma metallasson_, n. sp., x 300 672 + + Fig. 14. _Cubotholus regularis_, n. sp., x 200 680 + + Fig. 15. _Cubotholonium ellipsoides_, n. sp., x 300 682 + + Fig. 16. _Tholocubus tesseralis_, n. sp., x 400 678 + + Fig. 17. _Tholonium hexonium_, x 400 679 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. THOLARTUS, 3.-7. AMPHITHOLUS, 8.-10. STAUROTHOLUS, +11.-13. THOLOMA, 14. 15. CUBOTHOLUS, 16. 17. THOLONIUM.] + + + +PLATE 11. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lychnosphaera regina_, n. sp., x 200 277 + + The entire shell and the central capsule. Numerous + club-shaped radial apophyses or coecal sacs arise from + the pink central capsule and are protruded through the + pores of the medullary shell, which is completely + hidden by them. The sarcomatrix in the calymma, + surrounding the central capsule, exhibits a fine radial + striation. Numerous retracted pseudopodia, bearing red + granules, arise from the sarcomatrix and pierce the + calymma radially. The interval between the two + concentric shells is filled up by the hyaline calymma. + + Fig. 2. _Lychnosphaera regina_, n. sp., x 400 277 + + A part of the cortical shell, with a radial spine. + + Fig. 3. _Lychnosphaera regina_, n. sp., x 400 277 + + The medullary shell and the basal parts of the radial + spines arising from it. + + Fig. 4. _Lychnosphaera regina_, n. sp., x 400 277 + + Distal end of a radial spine. + + Fig. 5. _Rhizoplegma lychnosphaera_, n. sp., x 200 276 + + The central capsule and the enclosed parts of the skeleton. + The protoplasm is radially striped. The central nucleus + (red) sends out numerous radial apophyses, which are + protruded through the pores of the medullary shell. + +[Illustration: LYCHNOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 12. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders PHAEOSPHAERIA ET SPHAEROIDEA. + +Families OROSPHAERIDA, ASTROSPHAERIDA et LIOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Orosphaera huxleyii_, n. sp. (vel _Oroscena + huxleyii_), x 50 1599 + + Fig. 1_a_. A piece of the network, the bars of which + contain partly an axial canal, x 200 1599 + + Fig. 2. _Conosphaera orthoconus_, n. sp., x 200 221 + + Fig. 3. _Conosphaera platyconus_, n. sp., x 300 221 + + Fig. 4. _Conosphaera plagioconus_, n. sp., x 300 222 + + Fig. 5. _Ethmosphaera conosiphonia_, n. sp., x 400 69 + + Fig. 5_a_. Vertical section through the wall. + + Fig. 6. _Ethmosphaera polysiphonia_, n. sp., x 400 70 + + Fig. 7. _Cenosphaera compacta_, n. sp., x 300 65 + + Fig. 8. _Cenosphaera elysia_, n. sp., x 300 64 + + Fig. 8_a_. Vertical section through the wall. + + Fig. 9. _Cenosphaera mellifica_, n. sp., x 300 62 + + Fig. 10. _Cenosphaera favosa_, n. sp., x 300 62 + + Fig. 10_a_. Vertical section through the wall. + + Fig. 11. _Cenosphaera vesparia_, n. sp., x 300 62 + + Fig. 11_a_. Vertical section through the wall. + +[Illustration: 1. OROSPHAERA, 2.-4. CONOSPHAERA, 5. 6. ETHMOSPHAERA, 7.-11. +CERIOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 13. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders SPHAEROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA. + +Families STYLOSPHAERIDA et ELLIPSIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Ellipsostylus aquila_, n. sp., x 300 300 + + Fig. 2. _Ellipsostylus hirundo_, n. sp., x 300 301 + + Fig. 3. _Ellipsostylus columba_, n. sp., x 300 300 + + Fig. 4. _Xiphostylus alcedo_, n. sp., x 400 127 + + Fig. 5. _Xiphostylus edolius_, n. sp., x 400 130 + + Fig. 6. _Ellipsostylus psittacus_, n. sp., x 400 300 + + Fig. 7. _Stylostaurus caudatus_, n. sp., x 400 157 + + Fig. 8. _Ellipsostylus ciconia_, n. sp., x 300 300 + + Fig. 9. _Xiphostylus phasianus_, n. sp., x 400 127 + + Fig. 10. _Xiphostylus trochilus_, n. sp., x 300 129 + + Fig. 11. _Xiphostylus emberiza_, n. sp., x 300 131 + + Fig. 12. _Saturnalis circoideus_, n. sp., x 400 132 + + Not fully developed. + + Fig. 13. _Xiphostylus alca_, n. sp., x 300 130 + + Fig. 14. _Xiphostylus falco_, n. sp., x 300 130 + + Fig. 15. _Saturnalis rotula_, n. sp., x 400 133 + + Fig. 16. _Saturnalis annularis_, n. sp., x 400 132 + +[Illustration: 1.-14. XIPHOSTYLUS. 15. 16. SATURNALIS.] + + + +PLATE 14. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders SPHAEROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA. + +Families STYLOSPHAERIDA et ELLIPSIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Ellipsoxiphus atractus_, n. sp., x 300 298 + + Fig. 2. _Xiphosphaera venus_, n. sp., x 300 123 + + Fig. 3. _Ellipsoxiphus claviger_, n. sp., x 300 297 + + Fig. 4. _Xiphosphaera pallas_, n. sp., x 400 124 + + Fig. 5. _Xiphosphaera gaea_, n. sp., x 400 123 + + Fig. 6. _Xiphosphaera vesta_, n. sp., x 300 126 + + Fig. 7. _Ellipsoxiphus elegans_, n. sp., var. _palliatus_, x 400 296 + + Fig. 8. _Lithapium halicapsa_, n. sp., x 300 303 + + Fig. 9. _Lithapium pyriforme_, n. sp., x 300 303 + + Fig. 10. _Lithapium monocyrtis_, n. sp., x 300 304 + + Fig. 11. _Ellipsoxiphus bipolaris_, n. sp., x 600 297 + + Fig. 12. _Xiphostylus trogon_, n. sp., x 400 129 + + Fig. 13. _Xiphostylus picus_, n. sp., x 300 129 + + Fig. 14. _Lithomespilus flammabundus_, n. sp., x 400 303 + + Fig. 15. _Xiphostylus alauda_, n. sp., x 400 128 + + Fig. 16. _Lithomespilus phloginus_, n. sp., x 600 302 + + Fig. 17. _Lithomespilus phlogoides_, n. sp., x 600 302 + +[Illustration: 1.-11. XIPHOSPHAERA, 12-17. LITHOMESPILUS.] + + + +PLATE 15. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders SPHAEROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA. + +Families STAUROSPHAERIDA et DRUPPULIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cromyatractus tetracelyphus_, n. sp., x 300 335 + + Fig. 1_a_. The two inner medullary shells. + + Fig. 2. _Cromyatractus tetraphractus_, n. sp., x 300 335 + + Fig. 3. _Cromyatractus cepicius_, n. sp., x 300 336 + + The spongy distal part of a polar spine. + + Fig. 4. _Cromyatractus ceparius_, n. sp. (vel _Caryostylus + ceparius_), x 300 336 + + Fig. 5. _Staurolonche pertusa_, n. sp., x 300 159 + + Fig. 5_a_. Its medullary shell. + + Fig. 6. _Staurosphaera philippi_, n. sp., x 300 154 + + Fig. 7. _Stauroxiphus gladius_, n. sp., x 400 163 + + Fig. 8. _Staurocaryum arborescens_, n. sp., x 300 167 + + Fig. 9. _Rhizoplegma radicatum_, n. sp., x 200 276 + + Fig. 9_a_. The medullary shell, which is completely hidden + in fig. 9 by the numerous club-shaped apophyses of the + central capsule. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. STYLOCROMYUM, 3. 4. CARYOSTYLOS, 5.-7. STAUROLONCHE, +8. STAUROCARYUM, 9. RHIZOPLEGMA.] + + + +PLATE 16. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders SPHAEROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA. + +Families STYLOSPHAERIDA et DRUPPULIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Stylosphaera melpomene_, n. sp., x 300 135 + + Fig. 2. _Lithatractus jugatus_, n. sp., (vel _Stylosphaera + jugata_), x 400 323 + + Fig. 3. _Lithatractus fragilis_, n. sp. (vel _Stylosphaera + fragilis_), x 400 319 + + Fig. 4. _Stylosphaera lithatractus_, n. sp., x 300 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 5. _Stylosphaera lithatractus_, n. sp., x 300 + + The greater part of the cortical shell and the two spines + taken off. + + The description of _Stylosphaera lithatractus_ + (intermediate between _Stylosphaera jugata_ and + _Stylosphaera terpsichore_, p. 137) is by mistake not + given in the text. + + Fig. 6. _Stylosphaera calliope_, n. sp., x 400 134 + + Fig. 7. _Stylosphaera clio_, n. sp., x 400 134 + + Fig. 8. _Druppatractus ostracion_, n. sp., x 300 326 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 9. _Druppatractus ostracion_, n. sp., x 300 326 + + The anterior half of the cortical shell has been removed. + + Fig. 10. _Druppatractus hippocampus_, n. sp., x 300 324 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 11. _Druppatractus hippocampus_, n. sp., x 300 324 + + The greater part of the cortical shell has been removed. + + Fig. 12. _Stylosphaera nana_, n. sp., x 300 136 + + The entire shell + + Fig. 13. _Stylosphaera nana_, n. sp., x 300 136 + + The greater part of the cortical shell taken off. + + Fig. 14. _Sphaerostylus ophidium_, n. sp., x 300 140 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 15. _Sphaerostylus ophidium_, n. sp., x 300 140 + + The medullary shell alone. + + Fig. 16. _Saturnulus ellipticus_, n. sp., x 400 141 + + Fig. 17. _Saturnulus planetes_, n. sp., x 400 142 + +[Illustration: 1.-15. STYLOSPHAERA. 16. 17. SATURNULUS.] + + + +PLATE 17. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders SPHAEROIDEA ET PRUNOIDEA. + +Families STYLOSPHAERIDA, DRUPPULIDA et SPONGURIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Stylatractus giganteus_, n. sp. (vel _Amphistylus + giganteus_), x 300 329 + + Fig. 2. _Stylatractus sethoporus_, n. sp., x 400 330 + + The greater part of the cortical shell taken off. + + Fig. 3. _Stylatractus sethoporus_, n. sp., x 400 330 + + The entire cortical shell. + + Fig. 4. _Stylatractus compactus_, n. sp., x 400 329 + + Fig. 5. _Amphisphaera cronos_, n. sp. (vel _Amphistylus + cronos_), x 400 144 + + Fig. 6. _Stylatractus neptunus_, n. sp. (vel _Amphisphaera + neptunus_), x 300 328 + + Fig. 7. _Amphisphaera pluto_, n. sp., x 300 144 + + The entire cortical shell. + + Fig. 8. _Amphisphaera pluto_, n. sp., x 300 144 + + Meridional section through the three concentric shells. + + Fig. 9. _Xiphatractus glyptodon_, n. sp., x 400 334 + + The entire cortical shell. + + Fig. 10. _Xiphatractus glyptodon_, n. sp., x 400 334 + + The greater part of the cortical shell taken off. + + Fig. 11. _Xiphatractus armadillo_, n. sp., x 400 332 + + Fig. 12. _Spongoxiphus prunococcus_, n. sp., x 300 354 + + The spongy cortical shell. + + Fig. 13. _Spongoxiphus prunococcus_, n. sp., x 600 354 + + The two concentric latticed medullary shells. + +[Illustration: 1.-11. AMPHISTYLUS, 12. 13. SPONGOSTYLUS.] + + + +PLATE 18. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Families LIOSPHAERIDA et ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Centrocubus cladostylus_, n. sp., x 100 278 + + Fig. 2. _Octodendron spathillatum_, n. sp., x 300 280 + + The entire inner shell, but a small part only of the outer + shell is represented. + + Fig. 3. _Octodendron cubocentron_, n. sp., x 400 279 + + The central capsule (somewhat irregular by compression?) + exhibits a large excentric nucleus (probably dislocated + artificially?). + + Fig. 4. _Octodendron spathillatum_, n. sp., x 800 280 + + Free distal end of a radial spine, with the spathillae on + the end of the branches. + + Fig. 5. _Rhizosphaera serrata_, n. sp., x 300 284 + + Fig. 6. _Rhizosphaera serrata_, n. sp., x 300 284 + + Medullary shell. + + Fig. 7. _Rhizosphaera serrata_, n. sp., x 600 284 + + A single radial spine. + + Fig. 8. _Plegmosphaera exodictyon_, n. sp., x 200 89 + + The central shell-cavity encloses the spherical central + capsule and the concentric nucleus. + + Fig. 9. _Spongodrymus elaphococcus_, n. sp., x 150 272 + + The entire inner shell, but only a small part of the outer + spongy envelope is represented. + +[Illustration: 1.-4. CENTROCUBUS, 5.-7. RHIZOSPHAERA, 8. PLEGMOSPHAERA, 9. +SPONGODRYMUS.] + + + +PLATE 19. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Drymosphaera polygonalis_, n. sp., x 200 249 + + Fig. 2. _Leptosphaera hexagonalis_, n. sp., x 200 244 + + Showing the central capsule (forming numerous club-shaped + protuberances) and the simple spherical nucleus in its + centre. The skeleton is nearly the same as in + _Diplosphaera hexagonalis_ (fig. 3). + + Fig. 3. _Diplosphaera hexagonalis_, n. sp., x 200 246 + + The spherical central capsule, with radially striped + protoplasm, is enclosed in the inner shell, and + exhibits in its centre the clear spherical nucleus. + + Fig. 4. _Astrosphaera hexagonalis_, n. sp., x 300 250 + + Fig. 5. _Astrosphaera stellata_, n. sp., x 300 251 + + The central capsule, enclosed in the inner shell, exhibits + a distinct radial striation of the protoplasm, and in + the centre a clear spherical nucleus. + + Fig. 6. _Haliomma rhodococcus_, n. sp. (vel _Sethosphaera + rhodococcus_), x 400 237 + + The greater part of the outer shell is removed. + +[Illustration: 1.-5. DIPLOSPHAERA, 6. SETHOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 20. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Families LIOSPHAERIDA et ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Drymosphaera dendrophora_, n. sp., x 300 249 + + Fig. 1_a_. Meridional section through the central capsule. + In the centre the large spherical nucleus is visible. + The protoplasm around it is distinctly radiate. From + the central capsule arise numerous club-shaped + apophyses or caecal sacs, which are protruded through + the meshes of the inner shell, x 300 + + Fig. 1_b_. Basal part of a single radial spine, and its + connection with the network of the two shells, x 400 + + Fig. 2. _Liosphaera polypora_, n. sp., x 300 78 + + The greater part of the outer shell is removed. + + Fig. 3. _Liosphaera hexagonia_, n. sp., x 400 76 + + Fig. 4. _Carposphaera melitomma_, n. sp. (vel _Melitomma + melittosphaera_), x 400 73 + +[Illustration: 1. DRYMOSPHAERA, 2.-4. MELITOMMA.] + + + +PLATE 21. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family CUBOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hexastylus cochleatus_, n. sp., x 400 174 + + From the central capsule, enclosed in the shell, numerous + delicate radial pseudopodia arise, which are protruded + through the pores of the shell. + + Fig. 2. _Hexastylus triaxonius_, n. sp., x 400 175 + + Fig. 3. _Hexastylus phaenaxonius_, n. sp., x 300 171 + + Fig. 4. _Hexastylus thaletis_, n. sp., x 400 172 + + Fig. 5. _Hexastylus minimus_, n. sp., x 400 172 + + Fig. 6. _Hexastylus dimensivus_, n. sp., x 400 175 + + Fig. 7. _Hexastylus spiralis_, n. sp., x 400 177 + + Fig. 8. _Hexastylus dictyotus_, n. sp., x 400 176 + + Fig. 9. _Hexastylus dictyotus_, n. sp., x 400 176 + + Central capsule with concentric nucleus and nucleolus; the + protoplasm is radially striped. + + Fig. 10. _Hexastylus marginatus_, n. sp., x 400 176 + + Fig. 10_a_. Radial section through the shell-wall. + + Fig. 11. _Hexastylus solonis_, n. sp., x 400 173 + + Fig. 12. _Hexastylus contortus_, n. sp., x 300 177 + +[Illustration: HEXASTYLUS.] + + + +PLATE 22. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family CUBOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hexalonche pythagoraea_, n. sp., x 300 185 + + Fig. 2. _Hexalonche conicornis_, n. sp., x 300 181 + + Fig. 3. _Hexalonche aristarchi_, n. sp., x 400 185 + + Fig. 4. _Hexalonche philosophica_, n. sp., x 400 186 + + Fig. 5. _Hexalonche anaximandri_, n. sp., x 400 182 + + Fig. 6. _Hexalonche octocolpa_, n. sp., x 300 183 + + Fig. 6_a_. The inner shell alone. + + Fig. 7. _Hexalonche heracliti_, n. sp., x 300 187 + + Fig. 8. _Hexalonche octahedra_, n. sp., x 400 181 + + Fig. 8_a_. The inner shell alone. + + Fig. 9. _Hexancistra tricuspis_, n. sp., x 300 188 + + Fig. 10. _Hexancistra triserrata_, n. sp., x 300 188 + + Fig. 11. _Hexancistra quadricuspis_, n. sp., x 300 189 + +[Illustration: 1.-8. HEXALONCHE, 9.-11. HEXANCISTRA.] + + + +PLATE 23. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family CUBOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hexadendron bipinnatum_, n. sp., x 400 200 + + Fig. 2. _Hexacromyum octahedrum_, n. sp., x 400 202 + + Fig. 3. _Hexancistra mirabilis_, n. sp. (= _Hexapitys + mirabilis_), x 400 189 + + The spherical central capsule encloses the concentric + spherical inner shell (which is filled up by the + nucleus), and is surrounded by the octahedral outer + shell. The latter is enveloped by the octahedral + calymma, which is radially striated and contains + numerous xanthellae. + + Fig. 4. _Hexacaryum arborescens_, n. sp., x 400 203 + + Fig. 5. _Hexacontium clavigerum_, n. sp., x 300 19 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. HEXADENDRUM, 3. HEXAPYTIS, 4. HEXACARYUM, 5. +HEXACONTIUM.] + + + +PLATE 24. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family CUBOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hexacontium sceptrum_, n. sp., x 400 194 + + Fig. 1_a_. The two medullary shells. + + Fig. 2. _Hexacontium favosum_, n. sp., x 400 194 + + Fig. 2_a_. The two medullary shells. + + Fig. 3. _Hexacontium axotrias_, n. sp., x 300 192 + + The six lattice-plates, which form the cortical shell, are + not yet fully developed. + + Fig. 4. _Hexacontium floridum_, n. sp., x 300 195 + + Fig. 4_a_. The two medullary shells. + + Fig. 5. _Hexacontium papillosum_, n. sp., x 400 197 + + Fig. 5_a_. The two medullary shells. + + Fig. 6. _Hexacontium laevigatum_, n. sp., x 400 193 + + The contours of the two medullary shells are visible in the + centre. + + Fig. 7. _Hexacontium prionacanthum_, n. sp., x 400 195 + + Fig. 7_a_. The two medullary shells, connected with a + fragment of the cortical shell. + + Fig. 8. _Cubosphaera cubaxonia_, n. sp., x 400 203 + + Fig. 8_a_. A single radial spine. + + Fig. 9. _Hexacromyum elegans_, n. sp., x 400 201 + + A part of the two cortical shells is broken off. + +[Illustration: 1.-7. HEXACONTIUM, 8. 9. HEXACROMYUM.] + + + +PLATE 25. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family CUBOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hexadoridium streptacanthum_, n. sp., x 400 206 + + Fig. 1_a_. The two concentric medullary shells. + + Fig. 2. _Hexalonche amphisiphon_, n. sp., x 300 182 + + Fig. 2_a_. Medullary shell connected with a fragment of the + cortical shell. + + Fig. 2_b_. Vertical section through the wall of the + cortical shell. (Below the centre of the Plate, also + lettered 3_a_ by mistake.) + + Fig. 3. _Hexalonche rosetta_, n. sp., x 400 180 + + Fig. _3a_. Medullary shell. + + Fig. _3b_. Vertical section through the wall of the + cortical shell. + + Fig. 4. _Hexalonche curvicornis_, n. sp., x 300 181 + + Outer shell not yet complete, or partly broken off (?). + + Fig. 5. _Hexalonche anaximenis_, n. sp., x 400 183 + + Fig. 6. _Hexalonche hystricina_, n. sp., x 300 187 + + Fig. 7. _Hexacontium circumtextum_, n. sp., x 400 193 + + Fig. 7_a_. Vertical section through the double wall of the + cortical shell. + + Fig. 8. _Hexacontium gladiatum_, n. sp., x 400 198 + + A part of the two outer shells and of the radial spines is + broken off. + +[Illustration: 1. HEXADORAS, 2.-6. HEXALONCHE, 7. 8. HEXACONTIUM.] + + + +PLATE 26. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Families LIOSPHAERIDA et ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coscinomma amphisiphon_, n. sp., x 300 222 + + Fig. 1_a_. A piece of the lattice-shell, x 600 + + Fig. 1_b_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, x 600 + + Fig. 2. _Heliosphaera hexagonaria_, n. sp., x 300 217 + + Fig. 3. _Acanthosphaera castanea_, n. sp., x 400 211 + + Fig. 4. _Acanthosphaera angulata_, n. sp., x 300 216 + + Fig. 5. _Acanthosphaera reticulata_, n. sp., x 300 217 + + Fig. 6. _Heliosphaera coronata_, n. sp., x 400 219 + + Fig. 6_a_. A single pore with its coronal, x 300 + + Fig. 7. _Acanthosphaera mucronata_, n. sp., x 400 212 + + Fig. 8. _Acanthosphaera clavata_, n. sp., x 400 212 + + Fig. 9. _Heliosphaera pectinata_, n. sp., x 400 218 + + Fig. 10. _Cenosphaera perforata_, n. sp., x 400 66 + + Fig. 11. _Cenosphaera coronata_, n. sp., x 400 67 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. HELIOSPHAERA, 3.-9. ACANTHOSPHAERA, 10. 11. +CERIOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 27. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cladococcus pinetum_, n. sp., x 300 226 + + Fig. 2. _Cladococcus scoparius_, n. sp., x 300 225 + + Fig. 3. _Cladococcus abietinus_, n. sp., x 300 226 + + The central capsule, enclosed originally in the shell, + sends out numerous club-shaped apophyses through the + pores of the lattice-sphere. The central spherical + nucleus fills up half the shell-cavity. + + Fig. 4. _Cladococcus stalactites_, n. sp., x 300 227 + + Fig. 5. _Cladococcus dendrites_, n. sp., x 200 227 + +[Illustration: CLADOCOCCUS.] + + + +PLATE 28. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Families LIOSPHAERIDA et ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + + Fig. 1. _Haliomma lirianthus_, n. sp., x 300 232 + + Fig. 1_a_. Medullary shell, x 300 + + Fig. _1b_. Three pores of the cortical shell, x 900 + + Fig. 2. _Carposphaera nodosa_, n. sp., x 300 76 + + Fig. 2_a_. The medullary shell is visible, the upper half + of the cortical shell being taken off, x 300 + + Fig. 3. _Heliosoma radians_, n. sp., x 300 240 + + Fig. 3_a_. Medullary shell, x 300 + + Fig. 4. _Heliosoma hastatum_, n. sp., x 400 241 + + Fig. 5. _Haliomma compactum_, n. sp., x 400 239 + + Fig. 5_a_. The upper half of the cortical shell is removed, x 300 + + Fig. 6. _Haliomma macrodoras_, n. sp., x 400 238 + + Fig. 7. _Haliomma circumtextum_, n sp., x 400 233 + + Fig. 8. _Elatomma juniperinum_, n. sp., x 400 243 + + Fig. 8_a_. Medullary shell, x 400 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. ANTHOMMA, 3. HELIOSOMA, 4.-7. HALIOMMA, 8. ELATOMMA.] + + + +PLATE 29. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Family ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Echinomma toxopneustes_, n. sp., x 400 259 + + Fig. 2. _Echinomma sphaerechinus_, n. sp., x 400 258 + + Fig. 3. _Actinomma denticulatum_, n. sp., x 400 254 + + Fig. 4. _Actinomma pachyderma_, n. sp., x 400 254 + + The half of the cortical shell is removed. + + Fig. 5. _Actinomma pachyderma_, n. sp., x 400 254 + + Fig. 6. _Actinomma capillaceum_, n. sp., x 300 255 + + Fig. 7. _Actinomma arcadophorum_, n. sp., x 400 255 + + A part of the two outer shells is removed. + + Fig. 8. _Actinomma arcadophorum_, n. sp., x 400 255 + + Inner medullary shell. + + Fig. 9. _Pityomma drymodes_, n. sp., x 300 260 + + A part of the two outer shells is removed. + +[Illustration: 1.-8. ACTINOMMA, 9. PITYOMMA.] + + + +PLATE 30. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order SPHAEROIDEA. + +Families LIOSPHAERIDA et ASTROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cromyechinus icosacanthus_, n. sp., x 300 263 + + Fig. 2. _Cromyomma villosum_, n. sp., x 300 261 + + Fig. 3. _Cromyechinus dodecacanthus_, n. sp., x 400 264 + + Fig. 3_a_. The innermost shells. + + Fig. 4. _Cromyomma circumtextum_, n. sp., x 300 262 + + Fig. 5. _Cromyomma mucronatum_, n. sp., x 200 263 + + Fig. 5_a_. The innermost shells. + + Fig. 6. _Cromyodrymus abietinus_, n. sp., x 300 265 + + Fig. 7. _Cromyodrymus quadricuspis_, n. sp., x 400 264 + + Fig. 7_a_. The inner concentric shells. + + Fig. 8. _Cromyomma perspicuum_, n. sp., x 300 262 + + Fig. 9. _Cromyosphaera quadruplex_, n. sp., x 300 84 + + Fig. 9_a_. The innermost shells. + +[Illustration: 1.-5. CROMYOMMA, 6. 7. CROMYODRYMUS, 8. 9. CROMYOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 31. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Families CENODISCIDA et PHACODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Sethostaurus orthostaurus_, n. sp., x 300 433 + + Fig. 2. _Sethostaurus orthostaurus_, n. sp., x 300 433 + + Vertical section through the centrum. + + Fig. 3. _Sethostaurus recurvatus_, n. sp., x 100 434 + + Optical section through the equatorial plane. + + Fig. 4. _Sethostaurus rhombostaurus_, n. sp., x 100 434 + + Optical section through the equatorial plane. + + Fig. 5. _Sethostaurus cruciatus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliostaurus + cruciatus_), x 300 434 + + Fig. 6. _Phacostaurus oceanidum_, n. sp., x 300 435 + + Fig. 7. _Phacostaurus magnificus_, n. sp., x 400 436 + + Fig. 8. _Phacostaurus magnificus_, n. sp., x 200 436 + + Vertical section through the centrum. + + Fig. 9. _Sethostylus distyliscus_, n. sp., x 400 428 + + Fig. 10. _Sethostylus dicylindrus_, n. sp., x 300 428 + + Marginal view. + + Fig. 11. _Stylodiscus endostylus_, n. sp. (vel _Sethostylus + endostylus_), x 300 413 + + Fig. 12. _Phacostylus amphistylus_, n. sp., x 300 430 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. SETHOSTAURUS, 5. HELIOSTAURUS, 6. PHACOSTAURUS, 7. 8. +ASTROSTAURUS, 9.-11. SETHOSTYLUS, 12. PHACOSTYLUS.] + + + +PLATE 32. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PHACODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Astrophacus solaris_, n. sp., x 300 453 + + Fig. 2. _Astrophacus apollinis_, n. sp., x 300 455 + + Fig. 3. _Astrophacus phacodiscus_, n. sp., x 300 454 + + Vertical section through the centrum. + + Fig. 4. _Astrosestrum ephyra_, n. sp., x 300 442 + + Fig. 4_a_. Transverse section through the double medullary + shell, x 300 442 + + Fig. 5. _Astrosestrum nauphanta_, n. sp., x 300 442 + + Fig. 6. _Phacostylus caudatus_, n. sp. (vel _Astrosestrum + caudatum_), x 200 431 + + Fig. 7. _Perizona scutella_, n. sp., x 400 427 + + Fig. 8. _Perizona pterygota_, n. sp., x 400 427 + + Fig. 8_a_. Medullary shells and radial beams connecting + them with the disk, x 300 427 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. ASTROPHACUS, 4.-6. ASTROSESTRUM, 7. 8. PERIZONA.] + + + +PLATE 33. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PHACODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Sethodiscus lenticula_, n. sp., x 300 423 + + Fig. 2. _Sethodiscus lenticula_, n. sp., x 300 423 + + Vertical section. + + Fig. 3. _Sethodiscus macrococcus_, n. sp., x 300 423 + + Young shell, not yet closed, seen from the margin. + + Fig. 4. _Periphaena cincta_, n. sp., x 400 426 + + Fig. 5. _Triactiscus tricuspis_, n. sp., x 300 432 + + Marginal view. + + Fig. 6. _Triactiscus tripyramis_, n. sp., x 400 432 + + Fig. 7. _Heliodiscus cingillum_, n. sp., x 300 448 + + Fig. 8. _Heliodiscus asteriscus_, n. sp., x 300 445 + + Fig. 9. _Heliodrymus dendrocyclus_, n. sp.(vel _Heliocladus + dendrocyclus_), x 300 451 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. SETHODISCUS, 4. PERIPHAENA, 5. 6. TRIACTIS, 7. 8. +HELIODISCUS, 9. HELIOCLADUS.] + + + +PLATE 34. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PHACODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Sethostylus dentatus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliostylus + dentatus_), x 300 429 + + Upper half of the disk. + + Fig. 2. _Sethostylus serratus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliostylus + serratus_), x 300 429 + + Lower half of the disk. + + Fig. 3. _Heliosestrum octonum_, n. sp., x 300 440 + + Fig. 4. _Heliodiscus solaster_, n. sp., x 300 447 + + Fig. 5. _Heliodiscus echiniscus_, n. sp., x 400 448 + + Fig. 6. _Heliosestrum medusinum_, n. sp., x 300 438 + + Fig. 7. _Sethostaurus conostaurus_, n. sp., x 100 433 + + Normal form with four regular spines. + + Fig. 8. _Sethostaurus conostaurus_, n. sp., x 100 433 + + Abnormal form with five spines. + + Fig. 9. _Heliodiscus marginatus_, n. sp., x 100 449 + + Fig. 10. _Heliodiscus trochiscus_, n. sp., x 100 445 + + Fig. 11. _Heliodiscus polymorphus_, n. sp., x 100 447 + + Fig. 12. _Heliodiscus polymorphus_, n. sp., x 100 447 + + Fig. 13. _Heliodiscus trochiscus_, n. sp., x 100 445 + + Fig. 14. _Astrophacus trochiscus_, n. sp., x 100 453 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. HELIOSTYLUS, 3.-14. HELIODISCUS.] + + + +PLATE 35. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PHACODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Heliodiscus pertusus_, n. sp. (vel _Heliosestrum + pertusum_), x 400 448 + + Irregular form with ten (instead of eight) larger latticed + spines. + + Fig. 2. _Heliodiscus glyphodon_, n. sp. (vel _Heliosestrum + glyphodon_), x 300 446 + + Fig. 3. _Heliodrymus ramosus_, n. sp., x 300 452 + + Fig. 4. _Heliodrymus ramosus_, n. sp., x 500 452 + + Medullary shell and a segment of the disk. + + Fig. 5. _Heliodrymus viminalis_, n. sp., x 400 452 + + Marginal view. + + Fig. 6. _Phacodiscus clypeus_, n. sp., x 400 425 + + Fig. 7. _Phacodiscus rotula_, n. sp., x 400 424 + + Marginal view. + + Fig. 8. _Phacodiscus lentiformis_, n. sp., x 400 425 + + Vertical section nearly through the centre. + + Fig. 9. _Phacodiscus clypeus_, n. sp., x 400 425 + + Vertical section nearly through the centre. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. HELIOSESTRUM, 3.-5. HELIODRYMUS, 6.-9. PHACODISCUS.] + + + +PLATE 36. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family COCCODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coccodiscus lamarckii_, n. sp., x 500 459 + + The left half of the figure represents a horizontal section + through the peripheral shell, the right half a view of + the surface. + + Fig. 2. _Coccodiscus goethei_, n. sp., x 500 461 + + Vertical section nearly through the centre. + + Fig. 3. _Lithocyclia lenticula_, n. sp., x 400 459 + + Fig. 4. _Lithocyclia lenticula_, n. sp., x 400 459 + + Vertical section through the centre. + + Fig. 5. _Coccocyclia helianthus_, n. sp., x 400 468 + + Fig. 6. _Coccocyclia helianthus_, n. sp., x 500 468 + + Vertical section through the outer medullary shell, showing + the inner. + + Fig. 7. _Astrocyclia solaster_, n. sp., x 300 466 + + Fig. 8. _Astrocyclia heterocycla_, n. sp., x 400 468 + + Horizontal section through the equatorial plane. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. COCCODISCUS, 3. 4. LITHOCYCLIA, 5. 6. COCCOCYCLIA, 7. +8. ASTROCYCLIA] + + + +PLATE 37. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family COCCODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Staurocyclia cruciata_, n. sp., x 400 465 + + Fig. 2. _Staurocyclia phacostaurus_, n. sp., x 300 465 + + Fig. 3. _Staurocyclia phacostaurus_, n. sp., x 300 465 + + Vertical section through the centre. + + Fig. 4. _Staurocyclia magniducis_, n. sp. (_Coccostaurus + magniducis_), x 300 466 + + Fig. 5. _Trigonocyclia triangularis_, n. sp., x 400 464 + + Fig. 6. _Stylocyclia prionacantha_, n. sp., x 500 462 + + A great part of the peripheral shell is removed. + + Fig. 7. _Amphicyclia amphistyla_, n. sp., x 300 464 + + Vertical section through the centre. + + Fig. 8. _Stylocyclia excavata_, n. sp., x 200 463 + + Vertical section through the centre. + +[Illustration: 1.-3. STAUROCYCLIA, 4. COCCOSTAURUS, 5. TRIGONOCYCLIA, 6.-8. +STYLOCYCLIA.] + + + +PLATE 38. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family COCCODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Amphicyclia chronometra_, n. sp., x 400 463 + + Fig. 2. _Amphicyclia pachydiscus_, n. sp., x 500 464 + + Vertical section through the centre. + + Fig. 3. _Amphiactura amphibrachia_, n. sp., x 300 470 + + Fig. 4. _Amphiactura amphibrachia_, n. sp., x 150 470 + + Vertical section through the centre. + + Fig. 5. _Diplactura diploconus_, n. sp., x 300 470 + + Fig. 6. _Trigonactura triacantha_, n. sp., x 200 472 + + Fig. 7. _Trigonactura triacantha_, n. sp., x 400 472 + + Vertical section nearly through the centre. + + Fig. 8. _Hymenactura archimedis_, n. sp., x 300 473 + + Fig. 9. _Hymenactura copernici_, n. sp., x 200 475 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. AMPHICYCLIA, 3.-5. AMPHIACTURA, 6. 7. TRIGONACTURA, 8. +9. HYMENACTURA.] + + + +PLATE 39. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order PRUNOIDEA. + +Families ELLIPSIDA, DRUPPULIDA, ARTISCIDA et CYPHINIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cenellipsis faceta_, n. sp. (vel _Ellipsis + faceta_), x 300 291 + + Fig. 2. _Cenellipsis infundibulum_, n. sp. (vel _Ellipsis + infundibulum_), x 300 292 + + Fig. 3. _Druppula pandanus_, n. sp. (vel _Coccymelium + pandanus_), x 300 308 + + Fig. 4. _Prunulum coccymelium_, n. sp. (vel _Coccymelium + prunulum_), x 300 313 + + Fig. 5. _Prunocarpus artocarpium_, n. sp. (vel _Artocarpium + indicum_), x 300 316 + + Fig. 6. _Pipettella prismatica_, n. sp., x 300 305 + + Fig. 7. _Pipetta tuba_, n. sp., x 300 337 + + Fig. 8. _Pipetta fusus_, n. sp., x 300 337 + + Fig. 8_a_. The enclosed medullary shell. + + Fig. 9. _Artiscus nodosus_, n. sp. (vel _Artidium + nodosum_), x 400 356 + + Fig. 10. _Cannartus violina_, n. sp., x 300 358 + + Fig. 11. _Cyphonium cribellum_, n. sp., x 200 365 + + Fig. 12. _Cyphonium virgineum_, n. sp. (vel _Ommatospyris + virginea_), x 400 363 + + Fig. 12_a_. Vertical section through the double medullary + shell. + + Fig. 13. _Cypassis puella_, n. sp. (vel _Didymospyris + puella_), x 400 367 + + The enclosed central capsule is visible. + + Fig. 14. _Cyphinus amphilophus_, N. sp., x 300 370 + + Fig. 15. _Pipettaria tubaria_, n. sp., x 300 339 + + Fig. 16. _Cannartidium mammiferum_, n. sp., x 300 375 + + Fig. 17. _Cannartidium mastophorum_, n. sp., x 150 375 + + Fig. 18. _Cannartidium bicinctum_, n. sp., x 300 374 + + Fig. 18_a_. Vertical section through the main axis. + + Fig. 19. _Cannartiscus amphiconiscus_, n. sp., x 300 372 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. ELLIPSIS, 3. 4. COCCYMELIUM, 5. ARTOCARPIUM, 6. +PIPETTELLA, 7. 8. PIPETTA, 9. ARTIDIUM, 10. CANNARTUS, 11. 12. +OMMATOSPYRIS, 13. DIDYMOSPYRIS, 14. CYPHINIDIUM, 15.-19. CANNARTIDIUM.] + + + +PLATE 40. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order PRUNOIDEA. + +Families PANARTIDA et ZYGARTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Panartus diploconus_, n. sp., x 300 379 + + Fig. 2. _Panartus pluteus_, n. sp., x 300 382 + + Fig. 3. _Panartus tetrathalamus_, n. sp., x 300 378 + + Fig. 4. _Panicium coronatum_, n. sp. (vel _Panartidium + coronatum_), x 300 386 + + Fig. 5. _Peripanartus amphiconus_, n. sp., x 300 383 + + Fig. 6. _Peripanartus cylindrus_, n. sp., x 150 384 + + Fig. 7. _Peripanartus atractus_, n. sp., x 300 384 + + Fig. 8. _Peripanicium amphicorona_, n. sp., x 300 387 + + Fig. 9. _Panarium tubularium_, n. sp., x 300 390 + + Fig. 10. _Ommatocampe nereides_, n. sp., x 300 394 + + Fig. 11. _Cyphocolpus virginis_, n. sp. (vel _Zygartus + virginis_) x 300 369 + + Fig. 12. _Desmartus larvalis_, n. sp. (vel _Zygartus + larvalis_), x 300 398 + + Fig. 13. _Zygartus chrysalis_, n. sp. (vel _Zygocampe + chrysalis_), x 400 401 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. PANARTUS, 4. PANARTIDIUM, 5.-8. PERIPANARTUS, 9. +PANARIUM, 10. OMMATOCAMPE, 11.-13. ZYGARTUS.] + + + +PLATE 41. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Families PORODISCIDA et SPONGODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Porodiscus flustrella_, n. sp., x 300 493 + + Fig. 2. _Porodiscus perispira_, n. sp., x 200 495 + + The rings alone (equatorial section). + + Fig. 3. _Porodiscus quadrigatus_, n. sp., x 200 494 + + The rings alone (equatorial section). + + Fig. 4. _Porodiscus semispiralis_, n. sp., x 500 497 + + Fig. 5. _Perichlamydium saturnus_, n. sp., x 300 499 + + Fig. 6. _Porodiscus centrospira_, n. sp. (vel + _Perispongidium centrospira_), x 200 495 + + The rings alone (equatorial section). + + Fig. 7. _Porodiscus irregularis_, n. sp. (vel + _Perispongidium irregulare_), x 200 498 + + The rings alone (equatorial section). + + Fig. 8. _Stylodictya heliospira_, n. sp., x 400 512 + + Fig. 9. _Stylodictya centrospira_, n. sp., x 400 512 + + Fig. 10. _Stylochlamydium asteriscus_, n. sp., x 400 514 + + Fig. 11. _Stylotrochus geddesii_, n. sp., x 300 585 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. PORODISCUS, 5. PERICHLAMYDIUM. 6. 7. PERISPONGIDIUM, +8.-9. STYLODICTYA, 10. STYLOCHLAMYDIUM, 11. STYLOSPONGIDIUM.] + + + +PLATE 42. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PORODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Staurodictya elegans_, n. sp., x 500 507 + + Fig. 2. _Staurodictya ciliata_, n. sp., x 400 506 + + Fig. 3. _Staurodictya medusa_, n. sp., x 400 506 + + Fig. 4. _Staurodictya cruciata_, n. sp., x 300 507 + + Fig. 5. _Staurodictya cruciata_, n. sp., x 300 507 + + Vertical section through the disk. + + Fig. 6. _Staurodictya grandis_, n. sp., x 300 508 + + Vertical section through the disk. + + Fig. 7. _Tripodictya triacantha_, n. sp., x 400 505 + + Fig. 8. _Tripodictya trigonaria_, n. sp., x 400 505 + + Fig. 9. _Tripodictya tribelonia_, n. sp., x 400 505 + + Vertical section through the disk. + + Fig. 10. _Xiphodictya amphibelonia_, n. sp., x 300 503 + + Marginal view. + + Fig. 11. _Xiphodictya amphirrhopalia_, n. sp., x 400 504 + + Fig. 12. _Xiphodictya staurospira_, n. sp., x 500 504 + +[Illustration: 1.-6. STAURODICTYA, 7.-9. TRIPODICTYA, 10.-12. XIPHODICTYA.] + + + +PLATE 43. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PORODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Rhopalastrum malleus_, n. sp., x 100 527 + + Fig. 2. _Rhopalastrum ypsilinum_, n. sp., x 50 528 + + Fig. 3. _Rhopalastrum hexaceros_, n. sp., x 100 529 + + Fig. 4. _Rhopalastrum triceros_, n. sp., x 50 529 + + Fig. 5. _Rhopalastrum trispinosum_, n. sp. (vel + _Dictyastrum trispinosum_), x 150 525 + + Fig. 6. _Rhopalastrum arcticum_, n. sp., x 300 539 + + Fig. 7. _Rhopalastrum hexagonum_, n. sp. (vel _Dictyastrum + hexagonum_), x 100 525 + + Fig. 8. _Rhopalastrum irregulare_, n. sp., x 100 528 + + Fig. 9. _Euchitonia lanceolata_, n. sp., x 80 534 + + Fig. 10. _Euchitonia carcinus_, n. sp., x 300 535 + + Fig. 11. _Euchitonia echinata_, n. sp., x 120 536 + + Fig. 12. _Euchitonia stohrii_, n. sp., x 100 534 + + Fig. 13. _Hymeniastrum euclidis_, n. sp., x 200 531 + + Fig. 14. _Chitonastrum jugatum_, n. sp., x 200 537 + + Fig. 15. _Chitonastrum lyra_, n. sp., x 500 538 + + A living specimen observed. The entire shell is enveloped + by the calymma and surrounded by radiating pseudopodia + (drawn much too short). Between the two paired arms + arises a large "sarcode-flagellum." The central chamber + and the first enveloping ring are filled by the clear + nucleus; the other rings and all the chambers of the + arms contain numerous pink oil-globules. + + Fig. 16. _Trigonastrum regulare_, n. sp. (vel _Chitonastrum + regulare_), x 200 539 + +[Illustration: 1.-8. RHOPALASTRUM, 9.-11. HYMENIASTRUM, 12. 13. EUCHITONIA, +14. 15. DICTYASTRUM, 16. CHITONASTRUM.] + + + +PLATE 44. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PORODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Stephanastrum capitatum_, n. sp., x 200 549 + + Fig. 2. _Pentinastrum asteriscus_, n. sp., x 300 557 + + Fig. 3. _Pentalastrum ophidiaster_, n. sp., x 100 557 + + Fig. 4. _Hexinastrum geryonidum_, n. sp., x 300 560 + + Fig. 5. _Hexalastrum orchidaceum_, n. sp., x 50 560 + + Fig. 6. _Amphibrachium dilatatum_, n. sp., x 50 517 + + Fig. 7. _Amphymenium zygartus_, n. sp., x 400 520 + + Fig. 8. _Amphymenium pupula_, n. sp., x 300 519 + + Fig. 9. _Amphymenium amphistylium_, n. sp., x 200 520 + + Fig. 10. _Amphicraspedum murrayanum_, n. sp., x 300 523 + + Fig. 11. _Amphymenium monstrosum_, n. sp., x 300 520 + +[Illustration: 1. STEPHANASTRUM, 2. 3. PENTALASTRUM, 4. 5. HEXALASTRUM, 6. +AMPHIBRACHIUM, 7.-11. AMPHYMENIUM.] + + + +PLATE 45. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PORODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Stauralastrum rhopalophorum,_ n. sp., x 200 541 + + Fig. 2. _Dicranastrum cornutum_, n. sp., x 200 551 + + Fig. 3. _Hagiastrum mosis_, n. sp., x 100 543 + + Fig. 4. _Hagiastrum mosis_, n. sp., x 50 543 + + Lateral view, from the edge. + + Fig. 5. _Hagiastrum buddhae_, n. sp., x 50 542 + + Fig. 6. _Stauralastrum cruciforme_, n. sp. (in glycerine), x 500 540 + + The central capsule contains a large central nucleus with + nucleolus, and is surrounded by the jelly calymma and + numerous small zooxanthellae. The endoplasm is radially + striped. + + Fig. 7. _Tesserastrum democriti_, n. sp., x 100 548 + + Fig. 8. _Tesserastrum straussii_, n. sp., x 500 547 + + Fig. 9. _Tesserastrum brunonis_, n. sp., x 200 548 + + Disk seen from the edge. + + Fig. 10. _Amphirhopalum echinatum_, n. sp., x 300 522 + + Fig. 11. _Amphicraspedum maclaganium_, n. sp., x 100 523 + + Fig. 12. _Amphicraspedum wyvilleanum_, n. sp., x 300 523 + +[Illustration: 1.-6. HAGIASTRUM, 7.-9. HISTIASTRUM, 10. AMPHIRHOPALUM, 11. +12. AMPHICRASPEDUM.] + + + +PLATE 46. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PORODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Histiastrum boseanum_, n. sp., x 400 546 + + Fig. 2. _Histiastrum pentadiscus_, n. sp., x 200 546 + + Fig. 3. _Histiastrum quadrigatum_, n. sp., x 300 544 + + Fig. 4. _Histiastrum velatum_, n. sp., x 200 545 + + Fig. 5. _Stephanastrum quadratum_, n. sp., x 200 549 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. HISTIASTRUM, 4. DICTYASTRUM, 5. STEPHANASTRUM.] + + + +PLATE 47. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order DISCOIDEA. + +Family PORODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dicranastrum bifurcatum_, n. sp., x 200 552 + + Fig. 1_a._ Central disc of the same, x 600 + + Fig. 2. _Dicranastrum furcatum_, n. sp., x 100 550 + + Fig. 3. _Dicranastrum wyvillei_, n. sp., x 100 551 + + Fig. 4. _Pentophiastrum forcipatum_, n. sp., x 50 559 + + Fig. 5. _Pentophiastrum caudatum_, n. sp., x 50 559 + + Fig. 6. _Myelastrum papilio_, n. sp., x 50 554 + + Fig. 7. _Myelastrum decaceros_, n. sp., x 20 554 + + Fig. 8. _Myelastrum heteropterum_, n. sp., x 20 553 + + Fig. 9. _Myelastrum anomalum_, n. sp., x 50 556 + + Fig. 10. _Myelastrum farfalla_, n. sp., x 50 554 + + Fig. 11. _Myelastrum dodecaceros_, n. sp., x 100 554 + + Fig. 12. _Myelastrum octocorne_, n. sp., x 90 553 + + Fig. 13. _Myelastrum medullare_, n. sp., x 50 553 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. DICRANASTRUM, 3. TRICANASTRUM, 4. 5. PENTALASTRUM, +6.-13. MYELASTRUM.] + + + +PLATE 48. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Orders PRUNOIDEA ET DISCOIDEA. + +Families ELLIPSIDA, ARTISCIDA, SPONGURIDA, CENODISCIDA, PORODISCIDA et +PYLODISCIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cenodiscus phacoides_, n. sp., x 100 411 + + Fig. 1_a._ Vertical section. + + Fig. 2. _Crucidiscus endostaurus_, n. sp., x 200 416 + + Equatorial section. + + Fig. 3. _Trochodiscus stellaris_, n. sp., x 200 418 + + Fig. 4. _Axoprunum stauraxonium_, n. sp., x 300 298 + + Equatorial section. + + Fig. 5. _Stylartus bipolaris_, n. sp., x 200 357 + + Vertical section. + + Fig. 6. _Spongocore puella_, n. sp., x 300 347 + + Fig. 7. _Spongoprunum amphilonche_, n. sp., x 300 347 + + Fig. 8. _Stomatodiscus osculatus_, n. sp., x 600 503 + + Fig. 9. _Archidiscus stauroniscus_, n. sp., x 400 487 + + Fig. 9_a._ Marginal view. + + Fig. 10. _Archidiscus hexoniscus_, n. sp., x 400 488 + + Fig. _10a._ Marginal view. + + Fig. 11. _Archidiscus pyloniscus_, n. sp., x 400 488 + + Fig. _11a._ Marginal view. + + Fig. 12. _Triolena primordialis_, n. sp., x 800 564 + + Fig. 13. _Triopyle hexagona_, n. sp., x 600 565 + + Fig. 14. _Triodiscus spinosus_, n. sp., x 600 565 + + Fig. 15. _Pylolena armata_, n. sp., x 300 568 + + Fig. 16. _Hexapyle dodecantha_, n. sp., x 300 569 + + Fig. 17. _Pylodiscus triangularis_, n. sp., x 400 570 + + Fig. 18. _Discozonium hexagonium_, n. sp., x 400 572 + + Fig. 19. _Discopyle osculata_, n. sp., x 400 573 + + Fig. 20. _Discopyle elliptica_, n. sp., x 400 573 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. CENODISCUS, 4. AXOPRUNUM, 5. STYLARTUS, 6. SPONGOCORE, +7. SPONGOPRUNUM, 8. STOMATODISCUS, 9.-11. ARCHIDISCUS, 12.-20. PYLODISCUS.] + + + +PLATE 49. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order LARCOIDEA. + +Families LITHELIDA, STREBLONIDA, PHORTICIDA et SOREUMIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Spirema melonia_, n. sp., x 300 692 + + Fig. 2. _Lithelius solaris_, n. sp. (the first central + convolutions only), x 300 695 + + Fig. 3. _Larcospira quadrangula_, n. sp., x 300 696 + + Fig. 4. _Pylospira octopyle_, n. sp., x 300 698 + + Fig. 5. _Tholospira cervicornis_, n. sp., x 300 700 + + Fig. 6. _Tholospira dendrophora_, n. sp., x 300 700 + + Fig. 7. _Spironium octonium_, n. sp., x 300 701 + + Fig. 8. _Streblacantha siderolina_, n. sp., x 300 706 + + Fig. 8_a_. Outlines of the chambers, x 200 + + Fig. 9. _Streblopyle helicina_, n. sp., x 300 707 + + Fig. 10. _Phorticium pylonium_, n. sp., x 300 709 + + Fig. 11. _Spongophortis larnacilla_, n. sp., x 200 711 + + Fig. 11_a._ The upper half of the cortical shell is + removed. + + Figs. 11_b_ to _11d_. The enclosed medullary + _Larnacilla_-shell. _b_, Dorsal view; _c_, lateral + view; _d_, basal view. + + Fig. 12. _Soreuma irregulare_, n. sp., x 200 713 + + Fig. 13. _Sorolarcus larnacillifer_, n. sp., x 300 715 + +[Illustration: 1.-7. LITHELIUS, 8. 9. STREBLONIA, 10. 11. PHORTICIUM, 12. +13. SOREUMA.] + + + +PLATE 50. + +LEGION SPUMELLARIA. + +Order LARCOIDEA. + +Families LARCARIDA, LARNACIDA et ZONARIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Larnacilla typus_, n. sp., x 300 617 + + From the sagittal pole (dorsal view). + + Fig. 1_a_. From the lateral pole (sagittal section). + + Fig. 1_b_. From the principal pole (equatorial section). + + Fig. 2. _Larnacalpis lentellipsis_, n. sp., x 400 620 + + From the sagittal pole (dorsal view). + + Fig. 2_a_. From the lateral pole (sagittal section). + + Fig. 2_b_. From the principal pole (equatorial section). + + Fig. 3. _Larnacalpis triaxonia_, n. sp., x 400 621 + + From the sagittal pole (dorsal view). + + Fig. 4. _Larnacantha hexacantha_, n. sp., x 400 622 + + From the sagittal pole (dorsal view). + + Fig. 5. _Larnacantha bicruciata_, n. sp., x 300 623 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 6. _Larnacantha prismatica_, n. sp., x 300 623 + + Half frontal, half lateral view. + + Fig. 7. _Cenolarcus primordialis_, n. sp., x 300 607 + + From the sagittal pole. + + Fig. 7_a_. From the lateral pole. + + Fig. 7_b_. From the principal pole. + + Fig. 8. _Larcidium dodecanthum_, n. sp., x 300 612 + + From the sagittal pole. + + Fig. 8_a_. From the principal pole. + + Fig. 9. _Zonarium octangulum_, n. sp., x 300 685 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 10. _Zoniscus tetracanthus_, n. sp., x 300 687 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 11. _Zoniscus hexatholius_, n. sp., x 400 687 + + Dorsal view (from the sagittal pole). + + Fig. 11_a_. Lateral view (from the frontal pole). + + Fig. 12. _Zonidium octotholium_, n. sp., x 300 688 + + Frontal section (from the sagittal pole). + + Fig. 12_a_. Lateral view (from the frontal pole). + +[Illustration: 1. LARNACILLA, 2-6. LARNACALPIS, 7. CENOLARCUS, 8. +LARCIDIUM, 9-12. ZONARIUM.] + + + +PLATE 51. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCALPIDA, PHAENOCALPIDA et CYRTOCALPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tripterocalpis phylloptera_, n. sp., x 400 1138 + + Fig. 2. _Tripterocalpis conoptera_, n. sp., x 300 1138 + + Fig. 3. _Tripterocalpis ogmoptera_, n. sp., x 300 1138 + + Fig. 4. _Tripterocalpis ogmoptera_, n. sp., x 500 1138 + + A group of confluent pores, more enlarged. + + Fig. 5. _Tripterocalpis ogmoptera_, n. sp., x 300 1138 + + Central capsule. In the centre the striate podoconus, above + it four oil-globules, to the right the nucleus. + + Fig. 6. _Tripocalpis triserrata_, n. sp., x 600 1136 + + Fig. 7. _Tridictyopus conicus_, n. sp., x 300 1145 + + Fig. 8. _Tridictyopus vatillum_, n. sp., x 400 1145 + + Fig. 9. _Cyrtophormis spiralis_, n. sp., x 400 1166 + + Fig. 10. _Archicorys ovata_, n. sp., x 300 1185 + + Fig. 11. _Cyrtocalpis gromia_, n. sp., x 400 1188 + + Fig. 12. _Archicorys microstoma_, n. sp., x 400 1185 + + Fig. 13. _Cyrtocalpis urceolus_, n. sp., x 500 1186 + + The ovate central capsule exhibits in the lower half the + podoconus, in the upper half the spherical nucleus and + three oil-globules. Between the capsule and the shell + numerous xanthellae, partly protruded through the + shell-mouth along the radiating pseudopodia. + +[Illustration: 1.-6. TRIPTEROCALPIS, 7. 8. TRIDICTYOPUS, 9.-13. +CYRTOCALPIS.] + + + +PLATE 52. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCALPIDA, PHAENOCALPIDA, CYRTOCALPIDA et ANTHOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cyrtophormis pila_, n. sp., x 300 1165 + + Fig. 2. _Cyrtophormis aerostatica_, n. sp., x 300 1166 + + Fig. 3. _Cyrtophormis aerostatica_, n. sp., x 300 1166 + + Longitudinal section. + + Fig. 4. _Cyrtocalpis sethopora_, n. sp., x 600 1187 + + Fig. 5. _Cyrtocalpis lithomitra_, n. sp., x 400 1187 + + Fig. 6. _Cyrtocalpis lithomitra_, n. sp., x 400 1187 + + Longitudinal section. + + Fig. 7. _Cyrtocalpis compacta_, n. sp., x 400 1187 + + Fig. 8. _Cyrtocalpis compacta_, n. sp., x 400 1187 + + Longitudinal section. + + Fig. 9. _Carpocanistrum flosculum_, n. sp., x 400 1171 + + Fig. 10. _Carpocanistrum cephalum_, n. sp., x 300 1171 + + Fig. 11. _Carpocanistrum evacuatum_, n. sp., x 400 1172 + + Fig. 12. _Carpocanium verecundum_, n. sp., x 400 1284 + + Vertical section through the top of the shell. + + Fig. 13. _Carpocanium verecundum_, n. sp., x 400 1284 + + Fig. 14. _Carpocanium irregulare_, n. sp., x 400 1284 + + Fig. 15. _Carpocanium hexagonale_, n. sp., x 400 1282 + + Fig. 16. _Carpocanium peristomium_, n. sp., x 500 1283 + + Fig. 17. _Carpocanium peristomium_, n. sp., x 500 1283 + + Vertical section. + + Fig. 18. _Carpocanium trepanium_, n. sp., x 600 1282 + + Peristome. + + Fig. 19. _Carpocanium petalospyris_, n. sp., x 300 1283 + + Fig. 20. _Carpocanium virgineum_, n. sp., x 600 1285 + + Fig. 21. _Tripodiscium sphaerocephalum_, n. sp., x 400 1144 + + Fig. 22. _Tripodiscium tristylospyris_, n. sp. (vel + _Tristylospyris tripodiscium_), x 600 1143 + + Fig. 23. _Tripodiscium ramosum_, n. sp. (vel + _Tristylospyris ramosa_), x 600 1144 + +[Illustration: 1.-8. CYRTOCALPIS, 9.-20. CARPOCANIUM, 21.-23. +TRIPODISCIUM.] + + + +PLATE 53. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Orders SPYROIDEA ET CYRTOIDEA. + +Families ZYGOSPYRIDA, TRIPOCALPIDA, PHAENOCALPIDA et CYRTOCALPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Archicapsa triforis_, n. sp., x 300 1191 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 2. _Archicapsa triforis_, n. sp., x 300 1191 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 3. _Halicapsa triglochin_, n. sp., x 200 1190 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 4. _Halicapsa triglochin_, n. sp., x 200 1191 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 5. _Halicapsa hystrix_, n. sp., x 200 1191 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 6. _Halicapsa hystrix_, n. sp., x 200 1191 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 7. _Cantharospyris platybursa_, n. sp. (vel + _Platybursa compressa_), x 400 1051 + + Fig. 8. _Tessarospyris clathrobursa_, n. sp. (vel + _Clathrobursa dictyopus_), x 400 1045 + + Fig. 9. _Peridium spinipes_, n. sp., x 500 1154 + + Fig. 10. _Peridium palmipes_, n. sp., x 500 1154 + + Fig. 11. _Archiscenium quadrispinum_, n. sp., x 500 1150 + + In the spherical central capsule the dark nucleus is + visible. + + Fig. 12. _Euscenium eucolpium_, n. sp., x 500 1147 + + Fig. 13. _Cladoscenium ancoratum_, n. sp., x 400 1149 + + Fig. 14. _Pteroscenium pinnatum_, n. sp., x 400 1152 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 15. _Pteroscenium pinnatum_, n. sp., x 400 1152 + + Vertical section. + + Fig. 16. _Pteroscenium pinnatum_, n. sp., x 400 1152 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 17. _Calpophaena hexarrhabda_, n. sp., x 400 1176 + + Fig. 18. _Calpophaena hexarrhabda_, n. sp., x 400 1176 + + Basal plate. + + Fig. 19. _Tetraspyris tetracorethra_, n. sp., x 400 1044 + + With the four-lobed central capsule, in each lobe an + oil-globule. + + Fig. 20. _Tetraspyris tetracorethra_, n. sp., x 800 1044 + + Shell more enlarged. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. ARCHICAPSA, 3.-6. HALICAPSA, 7. PLATYBURSA, 8. +CLATHROBURSA, 9. 10. ARCHIPERA, 11. 12. ARCHISCENIUM, 13. CLADOSCENIUM, +14.-16. PTEROSCENIUM, 17. 18. ACROCORONA, 19. 20. TETRACORETHRA.] + + + +PLATE 54. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PHAENOCALPIDA, CYRTOCALPIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Bathropyramis quadrata_, n. sp., x 300 1159 + + Fig. 2. _Sethopyramis quadrata_, n. sp., x 300 1254 + + Fig. 3. _Bathropyramis trapezoides_, n. sp., x 300 1160 + + Fig. 4. _Bathropyramis ramosa_, n. sp., x 300 1161 + + Fig. 5. _Peripyramis circumtexta_, n. sp., x 300 1162 + + Fig. 6. _Plectopyramis dodecomma_, n. sp., x 400 1258 + + Fig. 7. _Cinclopyramis infundibulum_, n. sp., x 300 1161 + + Fig. 8. _Plectopyramis trapezomma_, n. sp., x 400 1258 + + Fig. 9. _Cornutella hexagona_, n. sp., x 400 1180 + + Fig. 10. _Cornutella sethoconus_, n. sp., x 400 1180 + + Fig. 11. _Sethoconus orthoceras_, n. sp., x 400 1294 + + Fig. 12. _Sethoconus bimarginatus_, n. sp., x 400 1295 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. BATHROPYRAMIS, 5. PERIPYRAMIS, 6.-8. CINCLOPYRAMIS, +9.-12. CORNUTELLA.] + + + +PLATE 55. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PHAENOCALPIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Sethoconus facetus_, n. sp. (vel _Phlebarachnium + facetum_), x 300 1296 + + Upper part of the shell. + + Fig. 2. _Sethoconus venosus_, n. sp. (vel _Phlebarachnium + venosum_), x 250 1297 + + Shell including the four-lobed central capsule. + + Fig. 3. _Sethophormis aurelia_, n. sp. (vel _Leptarachnium + aurelia_), x 100 1248 + + Shell seen from above. + + Fig. 4. _Sethophormis aurelia_, n. sp., x 400 1248 + + Cephalis more enlarged, with the enclosed four-lobed + central capsule. + + Fig. 5. _Cladarachnium ramosum_, n. sp., x 300 1165 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 6. _Cladarachnium ramosum_, n. sp., x 70 1165 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 7. _Bathropyramis interrupta_, n. sp., x 300 1160 + + Apical part of the shell, from above. + + Fig. 8. _Litharachnium araneosum_, n. sp., x 300 1163 + + Apical part of the shell, from above. + + Fig. 9. _Litharachnium epeira_, n. sp., x 500 1164 + + Oblique view of the shell. + + Fig. 10. _Litharachnium araneosum_, n. sp., x 50 1163 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 11. _Periarachnium periplectum_, n. sp., x 500 1297 + + Shell enclosing the trilobed central capsule. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. PHLEBARACHNIUM, 3. 4. LEPTARACHNIUM, 5.-10. +LITHARACHNIUM, 11. PERIARACHNIUM.] + + + +PLATE 56. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lithomelissa buetschlii,_ n. sp. (vel + _Sethomelissa buetschlii_), x 400 1207 + + Fig. 2. _Lithomelissa decacantha,_ n. sp. (vel + _Sethomelissa decacantha_), x 400 1208 + + Fig. 3. _Psilomelissa calvata,_ n. sp., x 400 1209 + + The cephalis alone, with the three collar beams. + + Fig. 4. _Lychnodictyum scaphopodium,_ n. sp., x 400 1231 + + Fig. 5. _Sethophormis pentalactis,_ n. sp. (vel + _Pentaphormis pentalactis_), x 400 1244 + + Oblique view of the shell, from below. + + Fig. 6. _Sethophormis hexalactis,_ n. sp. (vel _Hexaphormis + hexalactis_), x 400 1245 + + Central part of the shell, with the cortinar septum. + + Fig. 7. _Sethopyramis enneactis,_ n. sp. (vel + _Cephalopyramis enneactis_), x 400 1254 + + Fig. 8. _Plectopyramis polypleura,_ n. sp. (vel + _Sethopyramis polypleura_), x 200 1260 + + Fig. 9. _Sethophormis eupilium,_ n. sp. (vel _Craspedilium + eupilium_), x 400 1247 + + Fig. 10. _Plectopyramis spongiosa,_ n. sp. (vel + _Spongopyramis spongiosa_), x 400 1261 + + Fig. 11. _Arachnocorys araneosa,_ n. sp., x 500 1266 + + Fig. 12. _Sethophormis dodecaster,_ n. sp. (vel + _Astrophormis dodecaster_), x 200 1248 + + Fig. 13. _Sethocephalus eucecryphalus,_ n. sp., x 400 1298 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. SETHOMELISSA, 3. 4. PSILOMELISSA, 5. PENTAPHORMIS, 6. +HEXAPHORMIS, 7. CEPHALOPYRAMIS, 8. 9. SETHOPYRAMIS, 10. PLECTOPYRAMIS, 11. +12. ARACHNOCORYS, 13. SETHOCEPHALUS.] + + + +PLATE 57. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, ANTHOCYRTIDA et SETHOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dicolocapsa microcephala_, n. sp., x 400 1312 + + Fig. 2. _Sethocapsa pyriformis_, n. sp., x 300 1310 + + Fig. 3. _Lithopera ananassa_, n. sp., x 500 1234 + + Fig. 4. _Sethamphora favosa_, n. sp. (vel _Cryptoprora + favosa_), x 400 1252 + + Fig. 5. _Sethamphora microstoma_, n. sp. (vel _Cryptoprora + microstoma_), x 300 1252 + + Fig. 6. _Clistophaena hexolena_, n. sp., x 300 1287 + + Fig. 7. _Clistophaena armata_, n. sp., x 300 1288 + + Fig. 8. _Clathromitra pterophormis_, n. sp., x 400 1219 + + Fig. 9. _Sethophormis rotula_, n. sp. (vel _Enneaphormis + rotula_), x 400 1246 + + Fig. 10. _Dictyophimus sphaerocephalus_, n. sp., x 400 1195 + + Fig. 11. _Peromelissa phalacra_, n. sp., x 400 1236 + + Fig. 12. _Peromelissa calva_, n. sp., x 300 1237 + + Fig. 13. _Sethochytris triconiscus_, n. sp., x 300 1239 + + Fig. 14. _Micromelissa bombus_, n. sp., x 300 1235 + +[Illustration: 1. SETHOCAPSA, 2. 3. LITHOPERA, 4. 5. CRYPTOPRORA, 6. 7. +SETHOPHATNA, 8. PTEROPHORMIS, 9. ENNEAPHORMIS, 10. DICTYOPHIMUS, 11. 12. +PEROMELISSA, 13. SETHOCHYTRIS, 14. SETHOPERA.] + + + +PLATE 58. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, SETHOCYRTIDA, PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cecryphalium sestrodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1399 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 2. _Cecryphalium lamprodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1398 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 3. _Clathrocyclas coscinodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1389 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 4. _Clathrocyclas coscinodiscus_, n. sp., x 700 1389 + + The cephalis alone, with the two horns. + + Fig. 5. _Clathrocyclas semeles_, n. sp., x 400 1388 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 6. _Sethoconus capreolus_, n. sp., x 400 1291 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 7. _Lampromitra quadricuspis_, n. sp., x 400 1214 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 8. _Lampromitra furcata_, n. sp., x 400 1215 + + The collar septum after removal of the cephalis. + + Fig. 9. _Lampromitra dendrocorona_, n. sp., x 400 1216 + + Apical view. + +[Illustration: 1. 2. CECRYPHALIUM, 3.-6. EUCECRYPHALUS. 7.-9. LAMPROMITRA.] + + + +PLATE 59. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCYRTIDA, PODOCYRTIDA et PHORMOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lampromitra huxleyi_, n. sp., x 400 1215 + + Fig. 2. _Amphiplecta callistoma_, n. sp., x 400 1224 + + Fig. 3. _Corocalyptra agnesae_, n. sp., x 400 1323 + + Fig. 4. _Corocalyptra emmae_, n. sp., x 400 1323 + + The shell encloses the trilobate central capsule, with the + trilobate nucleus. + + Fig. 5. _Clathrocyclas cassiopejae_, n. sp., x 400 1390 + + Fig. 6. _Clathrocyclas alcmenae_, n. sp., x 400 1388 + + Fig. 7. _Clathrocyclas latonae_, n. sp., x 400 1389 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 8. _Diplocylas bicorona_, n. sp., x 400 1392 + + Fig. 9. _Clathrocyclas ionis_, n. sp., x 400 1389 + + Fig. 10. _Corocalyptra elisabethae_, n. sp., x 400 1323 + + Oblique apical view of the shell, with the quadrilobate + central capsule enclosed. + + Fig. 11. _Clathrocyclas europae_, n. sp., x 400 1388 + + Apical view of the shell, after removal of the cephalis. + + Fig. 12. _Clathrocyclas europae_, n. sp., x 400 1388 + + Central capsule, seen from above, with the quadrilobate + nucleus. + + Fig. 13. _Clathrocyclas danaes_, n. sp., x 300 1388 + + Vertical section through the cephalis and the quadrilobate + central capsule, with the quadrilobate nucleus. + + Fig. 14. _Clathrocyclas danaes_, n. sp., x 300 1388 + + Apical view of the shell. + +[Illustration: 1.-10. EUCECRYPHALUS, 11.-14. CECRYPHALIUM.] + + + +PLATE 60. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family TRIPOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dictyophimus cienkowskii_, n. sp. (vel + _Lamprotripus squarrosus_), x 300 1200 + + Shell seen from the side. + + Fig. 2. _Dictyophimus buetschlii_, n. sp. (vel + _Lamprotripus horridus_), x 300 1201 + + Fig. 3. _Dictyophimus hertwigii_, n. sp. (vel _Lamprotripus + spinosus_), x 400 1201 + + The cephalis of the shell includes the central capsule, + with three lobes depending in the pyramidal thorax. + + Fig. 4. _Dictyophimus platycephalus_, n. sp., x 400 1198 + + Central capsule with four thoracic lobes, each of which + contains an oil-globule; kidney-shaped nucleus in the + cephalic lobe. + + Fig. 5. _Dictyophimus platycephalus_, n. sp., x 400 1198 + + Shell seen from the side. + + Fig. 6. _Dictyophimus brandtii_, n. sp., x 300 1198 + + Shell seen from the base, with the four large pores of the + collar septum, two minor jugular and two major cardinal + pores. + + Fig. 7. _Lampromitra coronata_, n. sp., x 400 1214 + + Shell seen from below, with the quadrilobate central + capsule. + + Fig. 7_a_. A portion of the shell-margin, x 800 1214 + + Fig. 8. _Lampromitra arborescens_, n. sp., x 400 1216 + + Shell from above. + + Fig. 8_a_. The collar septum with the four crossed rods of + the cortina, x 400 1216 + + Fig. 9. _Tripocyrtis plectaniscus_, n. sp., x 400 1202 + + Fig. 10. _Tripocyrtis plagoniscus_, n. sp., x 400 1201 + +[Illustration: 1.-6. LAMPROTRIPUS, 7.-10. LAMPROMITRA.] + + + +PLATE 61. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family TRIPOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dictyophimus cortina_, n. sp., x 400 1197 + + Fig. 2. _Lychnocanium pudicum_, n. sp., x 200 1230 + + Fig. 3. _Dictyophimus longipes_, n. sp., x 400 1197 + + Fig. 4. _Lychnocanium clavigerum_, n. sp., x 300 1230 + + Fig. 5. _Dictyophimus lasanum_, n. sp., x 300 1197 + + Fig. 6. _Lychnocanium favosum_, n. sp., x 300 1225 + + Fig. 7. _Lychnocanium lanterna_, n. sp., x 300 1224 + + Fig. 8. _Dictyophimus plectaniscus_, n. sp., x 300 1196 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 9. _Dictyophimus plectaniscus_, n. sp., x 300 1196 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 10. _Lychnocanium fenestratum_, n. sp., x 400 1228 + + Fig. 11. _Lychnocanium pyriforme_, n. sp., x 300 1225 + + Fig. 12. _Lychnocanium fortipes_, n. sp., x 300 1227 + + Fig. 13. _Lychnocanium tuberosum_, n. sp., x 300 1227 + + Fig. 14. _Lychnocanium nodosum_, n. sp., x 300 1225 + + Fig. 15. _Lychnocanium sigmopodium_, n. sp., x 400 1228 + + Fig. 16. _Dictyophimus pyramis_, n. sp., x 300 1196 + + Fig. 17. _Dictyophimus triserratus_, n. sp., x 300 1200 + +[Illustration: LYCHNOCANIUM] + + + +PLATE 62. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families ANTHOCYRTIDA, SETHOCYRTIDA et PHORMOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dictyocephalus australis_, n. sp., x 300 1306 + + Fig. 2. _Dictyocephalus mediterraneus_, n. sp., x 300 1307 + + Fig. 3. _Sethamphora costata_, n. sp. (vel _Dictyocephalus + costatus_), x 300 1251 + + Fig. 4. _Dictyocephalus amphora_, n. sp., x 400 1305 + + Fig. 5. _Cycladophora (?) favosa_, n. sp. (an + _Dictyocephalus?_), x 400 1380 + + Fig. 6. _Cycladophora (?) favosa_, n. sp. (an + _Dictyocephalus?_), x 400 1380 + + A variety with obliterated ribs (?). + + Fig. 7. _Dictyocephalus globiceps_, n. sp., x 400 1308 + + Fig. 8. _Sethocorys achillis_, n. sp., x 400 1301 + + Fig. 9. _Sethocyrtis oxycephalis_, n. sp., x 400 1299 + + Fig. 10. _Sethocorys odysseus_, n. sp., x 400 1302 + + Fig. 11. _Sethocyrtis agamemnonis_, n. sp., x 300 1300 + + Seen from above (apical view). + + Fig. 11A. _Sethocyrtis agamemnonis_, n. sp., x 300 1300 + + Seen from above, after removal of the cephalis. + + Fig. 12. _Anthocyrtium pyrum_, n. sp., x 400 1276 + + Fig. 13. _Anthocyrtis ovata_, n. sp., x 300 1272 + + Fig. 14. _Anthocyrtium chrysanthemum_, n. sp x 400 1272 + + Fig. 15. _Anthocyrtidium ligularia_, n. sp., x 400 1278 + + Fig. 16. _Anthocyrtidium cineraria_, n. sp., x 400 1278 + + Fig. 17. _Anthocyrtium campanula_, n. sp., x 400 1274 + + Fig. 18. _Anthocyrtium doronicum_, n. sp., x 300 1276 + + Fig. 19. _Anthocyrtium flosculus_, n. sp., x 300 1277 + + Fig. 20. _Anthocyrtium adonis_, n. sp., x 300 1273 + + Fig. 21. _Sethoconus anthocyrtis_, n. sp. (vel + _Anthocyrtium sethoconium_), x 300 1296 + +[Illustration: 1.-7. DICTYOCEPHALUS, 8.-11. LOPHOPHAENA, 12.-21. +ANTHOCYRTIS.] + + + +PLATE 63. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family TRIPOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Callimitra carolotae_, n. sp., x 400 1217 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 2. _Callimitra annae_, n. sp., x 400 1217 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 3. _Callimitra emmae_, n. sp., x 300 1218 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 4. _Callimitra emmae_, n. sp., x 400 1218 + + Cephalis alone, with the enclosed four-lobed central + capsule, and the internal four divergent beams; + surrounded by some scattered xanthellae. + + Fig. 5. _Callimitra agnesae_, n. sp., x 400 1217 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 6. _Callimitra elisabethae_, n. sp., x 400 1218 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 7. _Callimitra carolotae_, n. sp., x 200 1217 + + Seen from above (from the apical pole). + + Fig. 8. _Callimitra carolotae_, n. sp., x 200 1217 + + Seen from below (from the basal pole). + +[Illustration: CALLIMITRA.] + + + +PLATE 64. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCYRTIDA et PODOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Clathrocanium sphaerocephalum_, n. sp., x 600 1211 + + Fig. 2. _Clathrocanium diadema_, n. sp., x 600 1212 + + Fig. 3. _Clathrocanium triomma_, n. sp., x 600 1211 + + Fig. 4. _Clathrocanium reginae_, n. sp., x 600 1212 + + Fig. 5. _Clathrolychnus araneosus_, n. sp., x 600 1240 + + Fig. 6. _Clathrolychnus periplectus_, n. sp., x 600 1241 + + Fig. 7. _Pteropilium clathrocanium_, n. sp., x 400 1327 + + Fig. 8. _Clathrocorys murrayi_, n. sp., x 600 1219 + + Fig. 9. _Clathrocorys giltschii_, n. sp., x 600 1220 + + Fig. 10. _Clathrocorys teuscheri_, n. sp., x 600 1220 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. CLATHROCANIUM, 5.-7. CLATHROLYCHNUS, 8.-10. +CLATHROCORYS.] + + + +PLATE 65. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family PHORMOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Alacorys friderici_, n. sp. (vel _Hexalacorys + friderici_), x 400 1372 + + The central capsule, enclosed in the fenestrated shell, + exhibits in its lower half four large club-shaped + lobes, each of which includes in its upper part a large + oil-globule. The uppermost, undivided part of the + capsule includes the nucleus, which protrudes four + small nuclear lobes through the four holes of the + cortinar septum into the thorax. Numerous long + pseudopodia arise from the granular sarcomatrix, which + the capsule surrounds, and pass through the pores of + the siliceous shell. + + Fig. 2. _Alacorys guilelmi_, n. sp. (vel _Hexalacorys + guilelmi_), x 300 1372 + + Fig. 3. _Alacorys bismarckii_, n. sp. (vel _Pentalacorys + bismarckii_), x 200 1372 + + Fig. 4. _Alacorys lutheri_, n. sp. (vel _Tetralacorys + lutheri_), x 400 1370 + + Fig. 5. _Cycladophora goetheana_, n. sp. (vel _Lampterium + goetheanum_), x 300 1376 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. HEXALACORYS, 3. PENTALACORYS, 4. TETRALACORYS, 5. +THEOPHORMIS.] + + + +PLATE 66. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family THEOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tricolocapsa theophrasti_, n. sp., x 400 1432 + + Fig. 2. _Tricolocapsa schleidenii_, n. sp., x 300 1433 + + Fig. 3. _Tricolocapsa dioscoridis_, n. sp., x 300 1432 + + Fig. 4. _Tricolocapsa decandollei_, n. sp., x 300 1433 + + Fig. 5. _Tricolocapsa linnaei_, n. sp., x 400 1432 + + Fig. 6. _Theocapsa aristotelis_, n. sp., x 300 1427 + + Fig. 7. _Theocapsa muelleri_, n. sp., x 400 1431 + + Fig. 8. _Theocapsa democriti_, n. sp., x 400 1427 + + Fig. 9. _Theocapsa forskalii_, n. sp., x 400 1429 + + Fig. 10. _Theocapsa cuvieri_, n. sp., x 400 1430 + + Fig. 11. _Theocapsa wottonis_, n. sp., x 400 1428 + + Fig. 12. _Theocapsa darwinii_, n. sp., x 300 1431 + + Fig. 13. _Theocapsa linnaei_, n. sp., x 400 1429 + + Fig. 14. _Theocapsa wolffii_, n. sp., x 400 1429 + + Fig. 15. _Theocapsa malpighii_, n. sp., x 400 1428 + + Fig. 16. _Theocapsa lamarckii_, n. sp., x 400 1430 + + Fig. 17. _Tricolocampe amphizona_, n. sp., x 400 1413 + + Fig. 18. _Theocampe collaris_, n. sp., x 300 1425 + + Fig. 19. _Tricolocampe polyzona_, n. sp., x 400 1412 + + Fig. 20. _Tricolocampe stenozona_, n. sp., x 400 1413 + + Fig. 21. _Tricolocampe cylindrica_, n. sp., x 300 1412 + + Fig. 22. _Tricolocampe urnula_, n. sp., x 400 1422 + + Fig. 23. _Theocampe stenostoma_, n. sp., x 300 1423 + + Fig. 24. _Theocampe costata_, n. sp., x 300 1424 + + Fig. 25. _Theocampe sphaerothorax_, n. sp., x 300 1424 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. TRICOLOCAPSA, 6.-16. TRICOLOPERA, 17.-25. +TRICOLOCAMPE.] + + + +PLATE 67. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family PODOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lithornithium falco_, n. sp., x 400 1355 + + Fig. 2. _Lithornithium fringilla_, n. sp., x 400 1355 + + Fig. 3. _Lithornithium ciconia_, n. sp., x 400 1354 + + Fig. 4. _Lithornithium trochilus_, n. sp., x 400 1355 + + Fig. 5. _Theopera fusiformis_, n. sp., x 400 1357 + + Fig. 6. _Theopera chytropus_, n. sp., x 400 1358 + + Fig. 7. _Theopera prismatica_, n. sp., x 300 1357 + + Fig. 8. _Theopera cortina_, n. sp., x 400 1358 + + Fig. 9. _Rhopalocanium delphicum_, n. sp., x 400 1360 + + Fig. 10. _Rhopalocanium lasanum_, n. sp., x 300 1359 + + Fig. 11. _Lithochytris lanterna_, n. sp., x 300 1364 + + Fig. 12. _Lithochytris cortina_, n. sp., x 300 1362 + + Fig. 13. _Lithochytris pyriformis_, n. sp., x 400 1362 + + Fig. 14. _Lithochytris lucerna_, n. sp., x 300 1364 + + Fig. 15. _Lithochytris pteropus_, n. sp., x 300 1364 + + Fig. 16. _Lithochytris galeata_, n. sp., x 400 1363 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. LITHORNITHIUM, 6.-10. RHOPALOCANIUM, 11.-16. +LITHOCHYTRIS.] + + + +PLATE 68. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PODOCYRTIDA, PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Axocorys macroceros_, n. sp., x 300 1420 + + Fig. 1_a_. The internal axial rod of the shell, which bears + on its basal part three verticils of three diverging + forked spines, x 300 + + Fig. 2. _Cycladophora fenestrata_, n. sp., x 300 1380 + + Fig. 3. _Cycladophora pantheon_, n. sp., x 400 1379 + + Fig. 4. _Theosyringium tibia_, n. sp., x 300 1409 + + Fig. 5. _Theosyringium pipetta_, n. sp., x 200 1409 + + Fig. 6. _Pterocorys tubulosa_, n. sp., x 400 1319 + + Fig. 7. _Pterocanium pyramis_, n. sp., x 400 1330 + + Fig. 8. _Thyrsocyrtis rhizopodium_, n. sp., x 300 1351 + + Fig. 9. _Thyrsocyrtis arborescens_, n. sp., x 400 1350 + + Fig. 10. _Rhopalatractus foveolatus_, n. sp., x 400 1361 + + Fig. 11. _Rhopalatractus pentacanthus_, n. sp., x 300 1361 + + Fig. 12. _Rhopalatractus fenestratus_, n. sp. (vel + _Dictyatractus fenestratus_), x 300 1361 + + Fig. 13. _Hexalatractus fusiformis_, n. sp., x 300 1391 + + Fig. 14. _Sethornithium dictyopterum_, n. sp., x 300 1356 + + The trilobate central capsule, which contains in its + uppermost part the trilobate nucleus, and in the basal + part of each lobe an oil-globule. + + Fig. 15. _Lophocyrtis synapta_, n. sp., x 300 1411 + + The quadrilobate central capsule, which contains in its + uppermost part the quadrilobate nucleus, and in the + basal part of each lobe an oil-globule. + +[Illustration: 1. AXOCORYS, 2. 3. CYCLADOPHORA, 4. 5. THEOSYRINGIUM, 6. +PTEROSYRINGIUM, 7. PTEROCANIUM, 8. 9. THYRSOCYRTIS, 10. 11. RHOPALATRACTUS, +12. DICTYATRACTUS, 13. HEXALATRACTUS] + + + +PLATE 69. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Theocorys plutonis_, n. sp., x 400 1416 + + Fig. 2. _Lophoconus rhinoceros_, n. sp., x 400 1405 + + Fig. 3. _Theocorys apollinis_, n. sp., x 300 1418 + + Fig. 4. _Theoconus jovis_, n. sp., x 400 1401 + + Fig. 5. _Theocorys veneris_, n. sp., x 300 1415 + + Fig. 6. _Phormocyrtis costata_, n. sp., x 300 1369 + + Fig. 7. _Theoconus junonis_, n. sp., x 300 1401 + + Fig. 8. _Theocyrtis ptychodes_, n. sp., x 400 1408 + + Fig. 9. _Lophocorys astrocephala_, n. sp., x 300 1421 + + Fig. 10. _Theocorys obliqua_, n. sp., x 400 1417 + + Fig. 11. _Theocorys dianae_, n. sp., x 400 1416 + + Fig. 12. Lophocorys bovicornis, n. sp., x 300 1422 + + Fig. 13. Theocyrtis macroceros, n. sp., x 400 1407 + + Fig. 14. _Theocorys minervae_, n. sp., x 300 1419 + + Fig. 15. _Phormocyrtis longicornis_, n. sp., x 400 1370 + + Fig. 16. _Theocorys ovata_, n. sp., x 300 1416 + +[Illustration: THEOCORYS] + + + +PLATE 70. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families ANTHOCYRTIDA, PODOCYRTIDA, PHORMOCYRTIDA et THEOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Theophormis callipilium_, n. sp., x 300 1367 + + Fig. 2. _Theophormis callipilium_, n. sp., x 300 1367 + + The four cruciate rods of the cortinar septum and the + vertical columella in its centre. + + Fig. 3. _Theophormis callipilium_, n. sp., x 400 1367 + + The cephalis alone with the enclosed quadrilobate central + capsule, which is surrounded by numerous xanthellae. + + Fig. 4. _Sethophormis umbrella_, n. sp., x 150 1248 + + Fig. 5. _Sethophormis umbrella_, n. sp., x 400 1248 + + Cephalis with the cruciform cortinar septum. + + Fig. 6. _Theopilium tricostatum_, n. sp., x 400 1322 + + Seen from above. + + Fig. 7. _Phrenocodon clathrostomium_, n. sp., x 250 1434 + + Vertical section through the shell. + + Fig. 8. _Phrenocodon clathrostomium_, n. sp., x 500 1434 + + Shell seen half from below, and exhibiting the fenestrated + septum between thorax and abdomen. + + Fig. 9. _Pteropilium stratiotes_, n. sp., x 400 1326 + + Fig. 10. _Pteropilium stratiotes_, n. sp., x 400 1326 + + The three rods of the cortinar septum and the three arches + connecting them with the central axial columella. + + Fig. 11. _Pterocodon ornatus_, n. sp., x 300 1333 + + Fig. 12. _Theophaena corona_, n. sp., x 300 1394 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. THEOPHORMIS, 6. THEOPILIUM, 7.-8. CLATHROSTOMIUM, +9.-10. PTEROPILIUM, 11. PTEROCODON, 12. THEOPHATNA.] + + + +PLATE 71. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family PODOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Pterocorys rhinoceros_, n. sp., x 400 1320 + + Fig. 2. _Pterocorys columba_, n. sp., x 400 1317 + + Fig. 3. _Pterocorys campanula_, n. sp., x 400 1316 + + Fig. 4. _Pterocorys hirundo_, n. sp., x 300 1318 + + Fig. 5. _Pterocorys aquila_, n. sp., x 300 1317 + + Fig. 6. _Dictyoceras insectum_, n. sp., x 400 1324 + + Fig. 7. _Dictyoceras insectum_, n. sp., x 400 1324 + + Seen from the apex. + + Fig. 8. _Dictyoceras formica_, n. sp., x 400 1325 + + Fig. 9. _Dictyoceras melitta_, n. sp., x 400 1325 + + Seen from the apex. + + Fig. 10. _Dictyoceras bombus_, n. sp., x 400 1325 + + Fig. 11. _Dictyocodon annasethe_, n. sp., x 400 1334 + + Fig. 12. _Dictyocodon palladius_, n. sp., x 300 1335 + + Fig. 13. _Dictyocodon palladius_, n. sp., x 600 1335 + + Apical part of the shell alone. + + Fig. 14. _Dictyocodon carolotae_, n. sp., x 300 1335 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. PTEROCORYS, 6.-10. DICTYOCERAS, 11.-14. DICTYOCODON.] + + + +PLATE 72. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family PODOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Podocyrtis prismatica_, n. sp., x 300 1340 + + Fig. 2. _Podocyrtis corythaeola_, n. sp., x 300 1339 + + Fig. 3. _Podocyrtis lithoconus_, n. sp., x 300 1348 + + Fig. 4. _Podocyrtis tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 300 1338 + + Fig. 5. _Podocyrtis magnifica_, n. sp., x 500 1341 + + Fig. 6. _Podocyrtis divergens_, n. sp., x 400 1340 + + Fig. 7. _Podocyrtis cristata_, n. sp., x 400 1342 + + Fig. 8. _Podocyrtis pedicellaria_, n. sp., x 300 1347 + + Fig. 9. _Podocyrtis flosculata_, n. sp., x 500 1341 + + Fig. 10. _Podocyrtis surena_, n. sp., x 400 1339 + +[Illustration: PODOCYRTIS.] + + + +PLATE 73. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PODOCYRTIDA et PHORMOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Pterocanium tricolpum_, n. sp., x 400 1331 + + Fig. 2. _Pterocanium orcinum_, n. sp., x 400 1329 + + Fig. 3. _Pterocanium gravidum_, n. sp., x 400 1329 + + Fig. 4. _Pterocanium eucolpum_, n. sp., x 400 1332 + + Fig. 5. _Pterocanium bicorne_, n. sp., x 400 1332 + + Fig. 6. _Pterocanium virgineum_, n. sp., x 400 1330 + + Fig. 7. _Dictyopodium thyrsolophus_, n. sp., x 300 1354 + + Fig. 8. _Dictyopodium scaphopodium_, n. sp., x 300 1353 + + Fig. 9. _Calocyclas monumentum_, n. sp., x 400 1385 + + Fig. 10. _Calocyclas casta_, n. sp., x 400 1384 + +[Illustration: 1.-8. DICTYOPODIUM, 9. 10. LAMPROCYCLAS.] + + + +PLATE 74. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family PHORMOCYRTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Calocyclas parthenia_, n. sp., x 400 1385 + + Fig. 2. _Calocyclas amicae_, n. sp., x 400 1382 + + Fig. 3. _Calocyclas vestalis_, n. sp., x 400 1382 + + Fig. 4. _Calocyclas virginis_, n. sp., x 300 1381 + + Fig. 5. _Calocyclas veneris_, n. sp., x 300 1381 + + Fig. 6. _Clathrocyclas basilea_, n. sp. (vel _Calocyclas + basilea_), x 400 1386 + + Fig. 7. _Clathrocyclas principessa_, n. sp. (vel + _Calocyclas principessa_), x 400 1386 + + Fig. 8. _Clathrocyclas collaris_, n. sp. (vel _Calocyclas + collaris_), x 400 1387 + + Fig. 9. _Alacorys carcinus_, n. sp. (vel _Calocyclas + carcinus_), x 300 1375 + + Fig. 10. _Lamprocyclas deflorata_, n. sp., x 200 1391 + + Fig. 11. _Lamprocyclas reginae_, n. sp., x 400 1391 + + Fig. 12. _Lamprocyclas reginae_, n. sp., x 800 1391 + + Two meshes of the network. + + Fig. 13. _Lamprocyclas maritalis_, n. sp., x 400 1390 + + Fig. 14. _Lamprocyclas maritalis_, n. sp., x 400 1390 + + Vertical section. + + Fig. 15. _Lamprocyclas nuptialis_, n. sp., x 400 1390 + + Fig. 16. _Lamprocyclas saltatricis_, n. sp., x 400 1391 + +[Illustration: 1.-9. CALOCYCLAS, 10.-16. LAMPROCYCLAS.] + + + +PLATE 75. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PODOCAMPIDA et PHORMOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Artopilium elegans_, n. sp. (vel _Trictenartus + elegans_), x 200 1440 + + Fig. 2. _Artophormis horrida_, n. sp., x 300 1458 + + Fig. 3. _Cyrtopera thoracoptera_, n. sp. (vel _Artopera + thoracoptera_), x 300 1450 + + Fig. 4. _Stichophaena aerostatica_, n. sp. (vel _Artophaena + aerostatica_), x 400 1463 + + Fig. 5. _Cyrtophormis turricula_, n. sp., x 300 1463 + + Fig. 6. _Stichopodium dictyopodium_, n. sp., x 400 1447 + + Fig. 7. _Artopilium trifenestra_, n. sp. (vel + _Clathropyrgus trifenestra_), x 500 1441 + + Fig. 8. _Artopilium stichopterygium_, n. sp., x 400 1442 + + Fig. 9. _Stichophormis cornutella_, n. sp., x 400 1455 + + Fig. 10. _Cyrtopera laguncula_, n. sp. (vel _Cyrtolagena + laguncula_), x 400 1451 + + Fig. 11. _Stichopera pectinata_, n. sp., x 500 1449 + + Fig. 12. _Stichophaena ritteriana_, n. sp., x 400 1465 + +[Illustration: 1. ARTOPILIUM, 2. ARTOPHORMIS, 3. ARTOPERA, 4. ARTOPHATNA, 5 +STICHOCORYS, 6. STICHOPODIUM, 7. CLATHROPYRGUS, 8. STICHOPTERYGIUM, 9. +STICHOPHORMIS, 10. CYRTOLAGENA, 11. STICHOPERA, 12. STICHOPHATNA.] + + + +PLATE 76. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Stichocapsa pentacola_, n. sp., x 400 1517 + + Fig. 2. _Stichocapsa hexacola_, n. sp., x 400 1517 + + Fig. 3. _Stichocapsa compacta, n_. sp., x 400 1517 + + Fig. 4. _Stichocapsa paniscus_, n. sp., x 400 1518 + + Fig. 5. _Artocapsa fusiformis_, n. sp., x 400 1519 + + Fig. 6. _Stichophaena nonaria_, n. sp., x 200 1466 + + Fig. 7. _Stichophaena novena_, n. sp., x 400 1466 + + Fig. 8. _Artocapsa elegans_, n. sp., x 400 1520 + + Fig. 9. _Cyrtocapsa chrysalidium_, n. sp., x 400 1515 + + Fig. 10. _Artocapsa spinosa_, n. sp., x 400 1519 + + Fig. 11. _Spirocampe callispira_, n. sp., x 300 1511 + + Fig. 12. _Spirocampe allospira_, n. sp., x 400 1511 + + Fig. 13. _Spirocyrtis cornutella_, n. sp., x 400 1509 + + Fig. 14. _Spirocyrtis scalaris_, n. sp., x 400 1509 + + Fig. 15. _Spirocyrtis merospira_, n. sp., x 500 1510 + + Fig. 16. _Spirocyrtis holospira_, n. sp., x 400 1509 + + Fig. 17. _Spirocyrtis diplospira_, n. sp., x 400 1510 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. STICHOCAPSA, 5.-10. STICHOPERA, 11. 12. SPIROCAMPE, +13.-17. SPIROCYRTIS.] + + + +PLATE 77. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PODOCAMPIDA, PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lithocampe ovata_, n. sp., x 500 1504 + + Fig. 2. _Lithocampe urceolata_, n. sp., x 400 1507 + + Fig. 3. _Lithocampe diploconus_, n. sp., x 400 1505 + + Fig. 4. _Dictyomitra eurythorax_, n. sp., x 300 1477 + + Fig. 5. _Eucyrtidium teuscheri_, n. sp., x 400 1491 + + Fig. 6. _Lithostrobus cornutus_, n. sp., x 400 1474 + + Fig. 7. _Eucyrtidium buetschlii_, n. sp., x 400 1492 + + Fig. 8. _Cyrtocapsa compacta_, n. sp., x 300 1512 + + Fig. 9. _Stichopilium bicorne_, n. sp., x 600 1437 + + Fig. 10. _Artopilium longicorne_, n. sp., x 500 1440 + + Fig. 11. _Stichopilium campanulatum_, n. sp., x 400 1438 + + Fig. 12. _Artopilium cyrtopterum_, n. sp., x 400 1440 + + Fig. 13. _Phormocampe campanula_, n. sp., x 400 1456 + + Fig. 14. _Phormocampe eucalyptra_, n. sp., x 300 1457 + + Fig. 15. _Cyrtophormis corona_, n. sp., x 300 1462 + + Fig. 16. _Phormocampe lamprocyclas_, n. sp., x 300 1457 + + Fig. 17. _Cyrtophormis cylindrica_, n. sp., x 300 1461 + + Fig. 18. _Cyrtophormis cornuta_, n. sp., x 500 1462 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. LITHOCAMPIUM, 5.-8. EUCYRTIDIUM, 9.-12. +PTEROCORYTHIUM, 13.-18. ANTHOCORYS.] + + + +PLATE 78. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Stichocapsa tetracola_, n. sp., x 600 1515 + + Fig. 2. _Stichocapsa tricincta_, n. sp., x 400 1516 + + Fig. 3. _Stichocapsa quadrigata_, n. sp., x 400 1515 + + Fig. 4. _Stichocapsa monstrosa_, n. sp., x 400 1517 + + Fig. 5. _Cyrtocapsa tetrapera_, n. sp., x 300 1512 + + Fig. 6. _Cyrtocapsa diploconus_, n. sp., x 300 1513 + + Fig. 7. _Cyrtocapsa fusulus_, n. sp., x 400 1514 + + Fig. 8. _Cyrtocapsa pyrum_, n. sp., x 400 1513 + + Fig. 9. _Cyrtocapsa cornuta_, n. sp., x 400 1513 + + Fig. 10. _Eusyringium conosiphon_, n. sp., x 400 1496 + + Fig. 11. _Eusyringium pachysiphon_, n. sp., x 400 1496 + + Fig. 12. _Eusyringium macrosiphon_, n. sp., x 400 1497 + + Fig. 13. _Eucyrtidium tricinctum_, n. sp., x 400 1494 + + Fig. 14. _Eucyrtidium armatum_, n. sp., x 400 1495 + + Fig. 15. _Eucyrtidium ehrenbergii_, n. sp., x 300 1495 + + Fig. 16. _Eucyrtidium conostoma_, n. sp., x 400 1495 + + Fig. 17. _Cyrtophormis armata_, n. sp., x 400 1460 + + Fig. 18. _Cyrtophormis cingulata_, n. sp., x 400 1460 + +[Illustration: 1-4. TETRACAPSA, 5-9. TETRAPERA, 10-12. EUSYRINGIUM, 13.-18. +ACANTHOCYRTE.] + + + +PLATE 79. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families PHORMOCAMPIDA et LITHOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lithomitra nodosaria_, n. sp., x 600 1484 + + Fig. 2. _Cyrtophormis tabulata_, n. sp., x 400 1166 + + Fig. 3. _Lithomitra eruca_, n. sp., x 500 1485 + + Fig. 4. _Lithomitra chrysalis_, n. sp., x 300 1485 + + Fig. 5. _Lithomitra infundibulum_, n. sp., x 500 1487 + + Fig. 6. _Lithocampe octocola_, n. sp., x 400 1508 + + Fig. 7. _Lithocampe hexacola_, n. sp., x 400 1507 + + Fig. 8. _Lithocampe heptacola_, n. sp., x 400 1508 + + Fig. 9. _Stichophormis novena_, n. sp., x 400 1455 + + Fig. 10. _Siphocampe annulosa_, n. sp., x 300 1500 + + Fig. 11. _Siphocampe erucosa_, n. sp., x 300 1500 + + Fig. 12. _Siphocampe caminosa_, n. sp., x 400 1500 + + Fig. 13. _Siphocampe tubulosa_, n. sp., x 400 1500 + + Fig. 14. _Siphocampe spiralis_, n. sp., x 500 1501 + + Fig. 15. _Lithostrobus seriatus_, n. sp., x 400 1474 + + Fig. 16. _Artostrobus articulatus_, n. sp., x 400 1483 + + Fig. 17. _Lithostrobus lithobotrys_, n. sp., x 400 1475 + + Fig. 18. _Lithostrobus botryocyrtis_, n. sp., x 400 1475 + + Fig. 19. _Lithostrobus botryocyrtis_, n. sp., x 400 1475 + + Vertical section through the cephalis. + + Fig. 20. _Lithostrobus hexagonalis_, n. sp., x 400 1475 + +[Illustration: 1.-14. LITHOCAMPE, 15.-20. EUCYRTIS.] + + + +PLATE 80. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Family LITHOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lithostrobus conulus_, n. sp. (vel _Cyrtostrobus + conulus_), x 400 1472 + + Fig. 2. _Lithostrobus cyrtoceras_, n. sp. (vel + _Cornustrobus cyrtoceras_), x 400 1470 + + Fig. 3. _Stichocorys huschkei_, n. sp., x 400 1480 + + Fig. 4. _Lithostrobus caloceras_, n. sp. (vel _Cornustrobus + caloceras_), x 400 1471 + + Fig. 5. _Stichocorys okenii_, n. sp., x 300 1480 + + Fig. 6. _Lithostrobus tetrastichus_, n. sp. (vel + _Conostrobus tetrastichus_), x 500 1470 + + Fig. 7. _Stichocorys panderi, n. sp._, x 400 1479 + + Fig. 8. _Stichocorys baerii_, n. sp., x 400 1479 + + Fig. 9. _Eucyrtidium cienkowskii_, n. sp., x 400 1493 + + Fig. 10. _Stichocorys wolffii_, n. sp., x 400 1479 + + Fig. 11. _Eucyrtidium hexagonatum_, n. sp., x 600 1489 + + Fig. 12. _Eucyrtidium hertwigii_, n. sp., x 400 1491 + + Fig. 13. _Eusyringium cannostoma_, n. sp., x 600 1499 + + Fig. 14. _Eusyringium siphonostoma_, n. sp., x 500 1499 + + Fig. 15. _Lithostrobus hexastichus_, n. sp. (vel + _Artostrobus hexastichus_), x 500 1470 + +[Illustration: EUCYRTIS.] + + + +PLATE 81. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order STEPHOIDEA. + +Family STEPHANIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Archicircus primordialis_, n. sp., x 200 942 + + Fig. 2. _Zygocircus polygonus_, n. sp., x 200 947 + + Fig. 3. _Zygocircus triquetrus_, n. sp., x 300 947 + + Fig. 4. _Archicircus hexacanthus_, n. sp., x 300 942 + + Fig. 5. _Zygocircus acacia_, n. sp., x 300 947 + + Fig. 6. _Lithocircus crambessa_, n. sp., x 400 944 + + Fig. 7. _Archicircus rhombus_, n. sp., x 300 942 + + Fig. 8. _Zygocircus pentagonus_, n. sp., x 300 946 + + Fig. 9. _Lithocircus quadricornis_, n. sp., x 300 944 + + Fig. 10. _Dendrocircus arborescens_, n. sp., x 300 949 + + Fig. 11. _Dendrocircus dodecancistra_, n. sp., x 300 949 + + Fig. 12. _Archicircus sexangularis_, n. sp., x 300 943 + + Fig. 13. _Dendrocircus elegans_, n. sp., x 400 949 + + Fig. 14. _Dendrocircus stalactites_, n. sp., x 400 950 + + Fig. 15. _Lithocircus decimalis_, n. sp., x 300 944 + + Fig. 16. _Lithocircus magnificus_, n. sp., x 400 945 + + The ovate, red-coloured central capsule exhibits in the + lower half the striate podoconus, in the upper half + four oil-globules, and at the left the kidney-shaped + nucleus. Numerous "yellow cells" or xanthellae are + scattered in the calymma, which contains brown pigment + around the porochora. Numerous pseudopodia radiate from + the supporting spines of the sagittal ring. + + Fig. 17. _Lithocircus hexablastus_, n. sp., x 400 944 + +[Illustration: 1.-8. LITHOCIRCUS, 9.-17. DENDROCIRCUS.] + + + +PLATE 82. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order STEPHOIDEA. + +Families CORONIDA et TYMPANIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coronidium cervicorne_, n. sp., x 400 974 + + Seen from the apical pole. + + Fig. 2. _Coronidium acacia_, n. sp., x 300 975 + + Fig. 3. _Eucoronis angulata_, n. sp., x 400 978 + + Half from the apical, half from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 4. _Eucoronis challengeri_, n. sp., x 400 978 + + The red central capsule encloses a large ovate nucleus and + is surrounded by numerous xanthellae. + + Fig. 5. _Eucoronis nephrospyris_, n. sp., x 300 977 + + Fig. 6. _Eucoronis perspicillum_, n. sp., x 300 977 + + Fig. 7. _Coronidium dyostephanus_, n. sp., x 400 974 + + Seen from the apical pole. + + Fig. 8. _Coronidium diadema_, n. sp., x 300 974 + + Fig. 9. _Acrocubus octopylus_, n. sp., x 300 993 + + Fig. 10. _Parastephanus asymmetricus_, n. sp., x 400 1008 + + Fig. 11. _Eutympanium militare_, n. sp., x 400 1014 + + Oblique view. + + Fig. 12. _Lithocubus astragalus_, n. sp., x 400 1012 + + Fig. 13. _Trissocircus globus_, n. sp., x 400 986 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. EUCORONIS, 3.-8. LITHOCORONIS, 9.-12. TYMPANIUM, 13. +TRISSOCIRCUS.] + + + +PLATE 83. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Orders STEPHOIDEA ET SPYROIDEA. + +Families STEPHANIDA, SEMANTIDA, CORONIDA, TYMPANIDA, ZYGOSPYRIDA, +PHORMOSPYRIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Lithotympanum tuberosum_, n. sp., x 400 1006 + + Fig. 2. _Eutympanium musicantum_, n. sp., x 300 1013 + + Fig. 3. _Semantis distephanus_, n. sp., x 300 957 + + Fig. 4. _Sphaerospyris globosa_, n. sp., x 300 1100 + + Fig. 5. _Trissocyclus stauroporus_, n. sp., x 200 987 + + Fig. 6. _Trissocircus binellipsis_, n. sp., x 300 985 + + Fig. 7. _Podocoronis toxarium_, n. sp., x 200 980 + + Fig. 8. _Androspyris anthropiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1093 + + Fig. 9. _Cortina tripus_, n. sp., x 200 950 + + Fig. 10. _Cephalospyris cancellata_, n. sp., x 400 1035 + + Fig. 11. _Tripospyris furcata_, n. sp., x 400 1029 + + Fig. 12. _Petalospyris novena_, n. sp., x 400 1062 + + Basal view of the shell, with the cortinar septum. + + Fig. 13. _Rhodospyris tricornis_, n. sp., x 400 1089 + + Fig. 14. _Desmospyris mammillata_, n. sp., x 400 1089 + + Fig. 15. _Phormospyris tricostata_, n. sp., x 400 1087 + + Fig. 16. _Zygospyris equus_, n. sp., x 300 1056 + + Fig. 17. _Archicircus monostephus_, n. sp., x 300 941 + + Fig. 18. _Dipospyris cubus_, n. sp., x 400 1036 + + Basal view of the shell, with the cortinar septum. + + Fig. 19. _Gamospyris circulus_, n. sp., x 200 1042 + + Fig. 20. _Stephanospyris excellens_, n. sp., x 300 1043 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. LITHOTYMPANIUM, 3. DYOSTEPHANUS, 4. SPHAEROCIRCUS, 5. +6. TRISSOCYCLUS, 7. DIPOCORONIS, 8.-10. LAMPROSPYRIS, 11. 12. CLADOSPYRIS, +13. RHODOSPYRIS, 14. 15. DESMOSPYRIS, 16. 17. TETRASPYRIS, 18.-20. +STEPHANOSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 84. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Family ZYGOSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tripospyris capitata,_ n. sp., x 400 1028 + + Seen from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 2. _Tripospyris semantis,_ n. sp., x 300 1026 + + Seen from the ventral side. + + Fig. 3. _Tripospyris semantis,_ n. sp., x 300 1026 + + Seen from the lateral side. + + Fig. 4. _Tripospyris eucolpos,_ n. sp., x 300 1029 + + Seen from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 5. _Tripospyris diomma,_ n. sp., x 400 1026 + + Half from the right side, half from the basal side. + + Fig. 6. _Tripospyris cortiniscus,_ n. sp., x 500 1026 + + Half from the dorsal, half from the right side. + + Fig. 6_a._ Frontal section through the ring, x 500 + + Fig. 7. _Tripospyris conifera,_ n. sp., x 400 1027 + + Seen from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 7_a._ From the basal side, x 200 + + Fig. 8. _Tripospyris euscenium,_ n. sp. (vel _Euscenium + tripospyris_), x 400 1147 + + Seen from the frontal or ventral side. + + Fig. 9. _Triceraspyris gazella,_ n. sp., x 500 1031 + + Seen from the ventral side. + + Fig. 10. _Triceraspyris damaecornis,_ n. sp., (vel + _Elaphospyris damaecornis?_); compare p. 1032, x 400 1057 + + Seen from the apical (or basal?) side. + + Fig. 11. _Triceraspyris giraffa,_ n. sp., x 400 1031 + + Seen from the frontal side. + + Fig. 12. _Triceraspyris corallorrhiza,_ n. sp., x 400 1031 + + Seen from the frontal side. + + Fig. 13. _Tristylospyris scaphipes,_ n. sp., x 400 1033 + + Seen from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 14. _Tristylospyris palmipes,_ n. sp., x 400 1033 + + Seen from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 15. _Tristylospyris clavipes,_ n. sp., x 400 1033 + + Seen from the basal side. + +[Illustration: 1-8. TRIPODOSPYRIS, 9-12. TRICERASPYRIS, 13-15. +TRISTYLOSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 85. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Family ZYGOSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dipospyris forcipata_, n. sp., x 300 1037 + + Fig. 2. _Dipospyris irregularis_, n. sp., x 200 1037 + + Fig. 3. _Dipospyris chelifer_, n. sp., x 300 1037 + + Fig. 4. _Dorcadospyris dinoceras_, n. sp., x 400 1041 + + Fig. 5. _Dorcadospyris antilope_, n. sp., x 200 1041 + + Fig. 6. _Dorcadospyris dentata_, n. sp., x 200 1040 + + Fig. 7. _Dorcadospyris decussata_, n. sp., x 200 1041 + + Fig. 8. _Dendrospyris polyrrhiza_, n. sp., x 200 1039 + + Fig. 9. _Dendrospyris arborescens_, n. sp., x 400 1040 + + Fig. 10. _Stephanospyris cordata_, n. sp., x 200 1042 + + Fig. 11. _Stephanospyris verticillata_, n. sp., x 300 1043 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. DIPODOSPYRIS, 4.-11. DORCADOSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 86. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Family ZYGOSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Ceratospyris polygona_, n. sp., x 400 1066 + + Fig. 2. _Ceratospyris strasburgeri_, n. sp., x 400 1067 + + Fig. 3. _Ceratospyris allmersii_, n. sp., x 400 1067 + + Fig. 4. _Ceratospyris mulderi_, n. sp., x 400 1067 + + Fig. 5. _Anthospyris aculeata_, n. sp., x 400 1065 + + Fig. 6. _Petalospyris dictyocubus_, n. sp., x 400 1063 + + Fig. 7. _Liriospyris hexapoda_, n. sp., x 400 1049 + + Fig. 8. _Aegospyris caprina_, n. sp., x 400 1054 + + Fig. 9. _Ceratospyris preyeri_, n. sp., x 400 1068 + + Fig. 10. _Ceratospyris krausei_, n. sp., x 400 1068 + + Fig. 11. _Ceratospyris carnerii_, n. sp., x 400 1069 + + Fig. 12. _Elaphospyris alcicornis_, n. sp., x 400 1057 + + Fig. 13. _Elaphospyris cervicornis_, n. sp., x 400 1057 + +[Illustration: 1.-7. CERATOSPYRIS, 8.-13. ELAPHOSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 87. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Families ZYGOSPYRIDA et THOLOSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Gorgospyris medusa_, n. sp., x 300 1070 + + Fig. 2. _Gorgospyris medusetta_, n. sp., x 300 1070 + + From the basal side, with the nine cortinar pores. + + Fig. 3. _Gorgospyris polypus_, n. sp., x 300 1070 + + Fig. 4. _Gorgospyris schizopodia_, n. sp., x 400 1071 + + Fig. 5. _Gorgospyris eurycolpos_, n. sp., x 300 1071 + + Fig. 6. _Gorgospyris liriope_, n. sp., x 300 1071 + + Fig. 7. _Tiarospyris pervia_, n. sp., x 400 1082 + + Fig. 8. _Tiarospyris amphora_, n. sp., x 400 1083 + + Fig. 9. _Tiarospyris mitra_, n. sp., x 400 1082 + + From the ventral side. + + Fig. 10. _Tiarospyris mitra_, n. sp., x 400 1082 + + From the dorsal side. + + Fig. 11. _Petalospyris octopus_, n. sp., x 400 1061 + + Fig. 12. _Petalospyris dinoceras_, n. sp., x 400 1063 + + Fig. 13. _Petalospyris lobata_, n. sp., x 300 1064 + + Fig. 14. _Petalospyris triomma_, n. sp., x 200 1060 + + From the basal side, with the six cortinar pores. + + Fig. 15. _Anthospyris spathulata_, n. sp., x 400 1065 + + Fig. 16. _Anthospyris mammillata_, n. sp., x 400 1064 + + Fig. 17. _Anthospyris tragopogon_, n. sp., x 300 1066 + + Fig. 18. _Anthospyris doronicum_, n. sp., x 300 1065 + + Fig. 19. _Ceratospyris calorrhiza_, n. sp., x 400 1069 + +[Illustration: 1.-6. GORGOSPYRIS, 7.-10. TIAROSPYRIS, 11.-14. PETALOSPYRIS, +15.-19. ANTHOSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 88. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Orders STEPHOIDEA ET SPYROIDEA. + +Families TYMPANIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Toxarium circospyris_, n. sp., x 400 995 + + Fig. 2. _Amphispyris sternalis_, n. sp., x 300 1096 + + Fig. 3. _Amphispyris costata_, n. sp., x 300 1097 + + Fig. 4. _Amphispyris thorax_, n. sp., x 300 1096 + + Fig. 5. _Amphispyris subquadrata_, n. sp., x 300 1097 + + Fig. 6. _Amphispyris quadrigemina_, n. sp., x 300 1096 + + Fig. 7. _Amphispyris toxarium_, n. sp., x 300 1097 + + Fig. 8. _Tricolospyris baconiana_, n. sp., x 400 1098 + + Fig. 9. _Tricolospyris leibnitziana_, n. sp., x 600 1098 + + Fig. 10. _Tricolospyris kantiana_, n. sp., x 600 1098 + + Fig. 11. _Tricolospyris newtoniana_, n. sp., x 400 1098 + + Fig. 12. _Perispyris lentellipsis_, n. sp., x 400 1099 + + Fig. 13. _Perispyris bicincta_, n. sp., x 400 1099 + +[Illustration: 1. CIRCOSPYRIS, 2.-7. AMPHISPYRIS, 8.-11. TRICOLOSPYRIS, 12. +13. PERISPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 89. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Families ZYGOSPYRIDA, THOLOSPYRIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tholospyris tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1079 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 2. _Tholospyris fenestrata_, n. sp., x 400 1079 + + Dorsal side. + + Fig. 3. _Tholospyris ramosa_, n. sp., x 400 1079 + + Dorsal side. + + Fig. 4. _Tholospyris cupola_, n. sp., x 400 1080 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 5. _Therospyris leo_, n. sp., x 400 1059 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 6. _Therospyris felis_, n. sp., x 400 1059 + + Dorsal side. + + Fig. 7. _Dictyospyris stalactites_, n. sp., x 400 1073 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 8. _Dictyospyris anthophora_, n. sp., x 400 1076 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 9. _Dictyospyris mammillaris_, n. sp., x 400 1076 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 10. _Dictyospyris mammillaris_, n. sp., x 400 1076 + + Frontal section. + + Fig. 11. _Dictyospyris distoma_, n. sp., x 300 1073 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 12. _Dictyospyris distoma_, n. sp., x 300 1073 + + Frontal section. + + Fig. 13. _Lamprospyris darwinii_, n. sp., x 300 1094 + + Ventral side. + + Fig. 14. _Lamprospyris huxleyi_, n. sp., x 300 1094 + + Ventral side. + +[Illustration: 1.-4. THOLOSPYRIS, 5. 6. TESSARASPYRIS, 7.-12. DICTYOSPYRIS, +13. 14. LAMPROSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 90. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Family ANDROSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp. (vel + _Paradictyum paradoxum_), x 250 1102 + + The complete shell, seen from the frontal side. + + Fig. 2. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 250 1102 + + The incomplete shell, seen from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 3. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 500 1102 + + The sagittal ring, isolated, from the dorsal side; more + enlarged. + + Fig. 4. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 120 1102 + + Vertical section through half the shell, exhibiting the + thickened margin with the included symbiontes (compare + page 1101). + + Fig. 5. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 200 1102 + + Oblique marginal view of the shell. + + Fig. 6. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 250 1102 + + Marginal view of a young specimen, with open fissure + between the two parallel net-plates. + + Fig. 7. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 250 1102 + + The soft body alone, without the skeleton. The bilobed + central capsule exhibits a central transverse nucleus, + and on each lobe a stratum of oil-globules. The + kidney-shaped calymma contains on the margin numerous + symbiontes (_Xanthellae_ or _Vorticellinae_? Compare + page 1102). + + Fig. 8. _Nephrospyris paradictyum_, n. sp., x 500 1102 + + Three single unicellular symbiontes (_Zooxanthellae_?). + + Fig. 9. _Nephrospyris renilla_, n. sp. (vel _Nephrodictyum + renilla_), x 250 1101 + + The bilobed central capsule is enclosed by the discoidal + shell and in the middle constricted by the sagittal + ring; it contains a transverse nucleus. The + kidney-shaped calymma contains in the peripheral part + numerous symbiontes (_Xanthellae_ or _Vorticellinae_? + Compare page 1101). + + Fig. 10. _Nephrospyris renilla_, n. sp., x 250 1101 + + A singular abnormality (occurring not rarely), in which the + reduced skeleton has nearly disappeared and the + sagittal ring alone remained. The kidney-shaped + calymma, however, which encloses numerous symbiontes, + has preserved the form of the skeleton. The bilobed + central capsule is similar to that in figs. 7 and 9, + and is encircled by the thickened sagittal ring. + +[Illustration: PARADICTYUM.] + + + +PLATE 91. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Orders NASSOIDEA ET PLECTOIDEA. + +Families NASSELLIDA, PLAGONIDA et PLECTANIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cystidium princeps_, n. sp., x 400 897 + + Fig. 2. _Triplagia primordialis_, n. sp., x 100 909 + + Fig. 3. _Tetraplagia phaenaxonia_, n. sp., x 200 911 + + Fig. 4. _Plagoniscus tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 200 912 + + Fig. 5. _Plagiocarpa procortina_, n. sp., x 300 914 + + Fig. 6. _Plagonium sphaerozoum_, n. sp., x 300 916 + + Fig. 7. _Triplecta triactis_, n. sp., x 300 922 + + Fig. 8. _Tetraplecta pinigera_, n. sp., x 300 924 + + Fig. 9. _Plectaniscus cortiniscus_, n. sp., x 300 925 + + Fig. 10. _Periplecta cortina_, n. sp., x 400 926 + + Fig. 11. _Plectanium trigeminum_, n. sp., x 400 928 + + Fig. 12. _Polyplecta heptacantha_, n. sp., x 300 929 + +[Illustration: 1. CYSTIDIUM, 2.-6. PLACONIDA, 7.-12. PLECTANIDA.] + + + +PLATE 92. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order STEPHOIDEA. + +Families STEPHANIDA et SEMANTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Semantis sigillum_, n. sp., x 400 957 + + Fig. 2. _Semantis biforis_, n. sp., x 300 956 + + Fig. 3. _Semantrum tetrastoma_, n. sp., x 300 959 + + Fig. 4. _Semantrum signarium_, n. sp., x 400 960 + + Fig. 5. _Semantrum quadrifore_, n. sp., x 400 958 + + Fig. 6. _Semantidium hexastoma_, n. sp., x 400 960 + + Fig. 7. _Semantidium signatorium_, n. sp., x 400 961 + + Fig. 8. _Clathrocircus stapedius_, n. sp., x 400 962 + + Fig. 9. _Clathrocircus dictyospyris_, n. sp., x 300 963 + + Fig. 10. _Clathrocircus multiforis_, n. sp., x 300 963 + + Fig. 11. _Cortiniscus tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 963 + + Fig. 12. _Cortiniscus typicus_, n. sp., x 300 964 + + Fig. 13. _Cortiniscus dipylaris_, n. sp., x 400 964 + + Fig. 14. _Stephaniscus quadrifurcus_, n. sp., x 300 965 + + Fig. 15. _Stephaniscus quadrigatus_, n. sp., x 400 965 + + Fig. 16. _Semantiscus hexapodius_, n. sp., x 400 966 + + Fig. 17. _Semantiscus hexapylus_, n. sp., x 400 967 + + Fig. 18. _Semantiscus hexaspyris_, n. sp., x 400 966 + + Fig. 19. _Lithocircus tarandus_, n. sp., x 400 944 + + Fig. 20. _Stephanium quadrupes_, n. sp., x 200 952 + + Fig. 21. _Cortina cervina_, n. sp., x 300 952 + +[Illustration: 1.-7. SEMANTIS, 8.-10. CLATHROCIRCUS, 11.-13. CORTINISCUS, +14. 15. STEPHANISCUS, 16.-19. SEMANTISCUS, 20. 21. STEPHANIUM.] + + + +PLATE 93. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order STEPHOIDEA. + +Families CORONIDA et TYMPANIDA.. + + Fig. 1. _Zygostephanus dissocircus_, n. sp., x 300 971 + + Fig. 2. _Zygostephanus bicornis_, n. sp., x 300 972 + + Fig. 3. _Zygostephanium dizonium_, n. sp., x 300 973 + + Fig. 4. _Zygostephanium paradictyum_, n. sp., x 300 973 + + Fig. 5. _Acanthodesmia corona_, n. sp., x 400 976 + + Fig. 6. _Plectocoronis pentacantha_, n. sp., x 300 979 + + Fig. 7. _Tristephanium quadricorne_, n. sp., x 300 984 + + Fig. 8. _Tristephanium octopyle_, n. sp., x 300 983 + + Fig. 9. _Tristephanium dimensivum_, n. sp., x 400 983 + + Fig. 10. _Trissocircus lentellipsis_, n. sp., x 300 985 + + Fig. 11. _Trissocircus octostoma_, n. sp., x 300 986 + + Fig. 12. _Trissocyclus sphaeridium_, n. sp., x 300 987 + + Fig. 13. _Tricyclidium dictyospyris_, n. sp., x 300 984 + + Fig. 14. _Protympanium amphipodium_, n. sp., x 300 992 + + Fig. 15. _Acrocubus arcuatus_, n. sp., x 300 993 + + Fig. 16. _Acrocubus cortina_, n. sp., x 300 994 + + Fig. 17. _Acrocubus amphithectus_, n. sp., x 300 995 + + Fig. 18. _Toxarium thorax_, n. sp., x 300 996 + + Fig. 19. _Toxarium cordatum_, n. sp., x 300 996 + + Fig. 20. _Toxarium bifurcum_, n. sp., x 300 997 + + Fig. 21. _Parastephanus quadrispinus_, n. sp., x 300 1008 + + Fig. 22. _Prismatium tripodium_, n. sp., x 300 1009 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. ZYGOSTEPHANUS, 5.-6. ACANTHODESMIA, 7.-13. +TRISTEPHANIUM, 14.-17. ACROCUBUS, 18.-20. TOXARIUM, 21. 22. PRISMATIUM.] + + + +PLATE 94. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order STEPHOIDEA. + +Family TYMPANIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tympanidium foliosum_, n. sp., x 400 1003 + + Fig. 2. _Octotympanum cervicorne_, n. sp., x 400 1000 + + Fig. 3. _Octotympanum octonarium_, n. sp., x 400 1000 + + Fig. 4. _Tympaniscus quadrupes_, n. sp., x 400 1002 + + Fig. 5. _Tympaniscus dipodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1001 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 6. _Tympaniscus dipodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1001 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 7. _Tympaniscus tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1002 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 8. _Microcubus zonarius_, n. sp., x 300 998 + + Fig. 9. _Microcubus dodecastoma_, n. sp., x 300 998 + + Fig. 10. _Microcubus amphispyris_, n. sp., x 400 999 + + Fig. 11. _Pseudocubus obeliscus_, n. sp., x 400 1010 + + Fig. 12. _Pseudocubus hexapylus_, n. sp., x 300 1011 + + Fig. 13. _Lithocubus geometricus_, n. sp., x 200 1011 + + Fig. 14. _Paratympanum octostylum_, n. sp., x 400 1005 + + Fig. 15. _Dystympanium dictyocha_, n. sp., x 400 1007 + + Lateral view. + + Fig. 16. _Dystympanium dictyocha_, n. sp., x 400 1007 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 17. _Circotympanum octogonium_, n. sp., x 500 1013 + + Fig. 18. _Tympanidium binoctonum_, n. sp., x 400 1004 + +[Illustration: 1.-3, 18. TYMPANIDIUM, 4.-7. TYMPANISCUS, 8.-10. MICROCUBUS, +11.-13. LITHOCUBUS, 14. PARATYMPANIUM, 15.-17. DYSTYMPANIUM.] + + + +PLATE 95. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order SPYROIDEA. + +Families ZYGOSPYRIDA, THOLOSPYRIDA, PHORMOSPYRIDA et ANDROSPYRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tripospyris cortina_, n. sp., x 300 1025 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 2. _Tripospyris triplecta_, n. sp., x 300 1027 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 3. _Tripospyris semantrum, n_. sp., x 400 1027 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 4. _Tripospyris hexomma_, n. sp., x 300 1028 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 5. _Brachiospyris diacantha_, n. sp., x 400 1038 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 6. _Tetraspyris stephanium_, n. sp., x 300 1044 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 7. _Liriospyris amphithecta_, n. sp., x 300 1050 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 8. _Hexaspyris hexacorethra_, n. sp., x 300 1048 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 9. _Clathrospyris pyramidalis_, n. sp., x 500 1052 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 10. _Aegospyris aegoceras_, n. sp., x 400 1054 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 11. _Pentaspyris pentacantha_, n. sp., x 400 1054 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 12. _Taurospyris cervina_, n. sp., x 400 1058 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 13. _Circospyris nucula_, n. sp., x 300 1072 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 14. _Lophospyris dipodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1080 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 15. _Sepalospyris platyphylla_, n. sp., x 400 1081 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 16. _Pylospyris canariensis_, n. sp., x 400 1084 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 17. _Acrospyris clathrocanium_, n. sp., x 300 1085 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 18. _Phormospyris tridentata_, n. sp., x 400 1087 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 19. _Patagospyris anthocyrtis_, n. sp., x 500 1088 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 20. _Androspyris pithecus_, n. sp., x 400 1093 + + Lateral view. + +[Illustration: 1.-13. ZYGOSPYRIS, 14.-16. THOLOSPYRIS, 17.-19. +PHORMOSPYRIS, 20. ANDROSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 96. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order BOTRYODEA. + +Families CANNOBOTRYIDA, LITHOBOTRYIDA et PYLOBOTRYIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Botryopera cyrtoloba_, n. sp., x 500 1108 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 2. _Botryopera quinqueloba_, n. sp., x 500 1109 + + Half lateral, half frontal view. + + Fig. 3. _Cannobotrys tricanna_, n. sp., x 400 1110 + + View half from the frontal, half from the left side. + + Fig. 4. _Cannobotrys cortina_, n. sp., x 400 1110 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 5. _Botryopyle inclusa_, n. sp., x 500 1113 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 6. _Botryopyle dictyocephalus_, n. sp., x 500 1113 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 7. _Botryopyle sethocorys_, n. sp., x 400 1112 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 8. _Acrobotrys trisolenia_, n. sp., x 400 1115 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 9. _Acrobotrys acuminata_, n. sp., x 400 1115 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 10. _Acrobotrys disolenia_, n. sp., x 400 1114 + + Lateral view (left side). + + Fig. 11. _Acrobotrys auriculata_, n. sp., x 500 1115 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 12. _Botryocella multicellaris_, n. sp., x 500 1117 + + Lateral view (left side). + + Fig. 13. _Botryocella quadricellaris_, n. sp., x 400 1117 + + Lateral view (left side). + + Fig. 14. _Botryocella quadrigemina_, n. sp., x 400 1117 + + Collar septum, between cephalis and thorax. + + Fig. 15. _Lithobotrys sphaerothorax_, n. sp., x 500 1119 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 16. _Lithobotrys mascula_, n. sp., x 500 1119 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 17. _Lithobotrys orchidea_, n. sp., x 500 1119 + + Frontal view. + + Fig. 18. _Botryocyrtis cerebellum_, n. sp., x 400 1121 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 19. _Botryocyrtis theocampe_, n. sp., x 500 1121 + + Lateral view (left side). + + Fig. 20. _Pylobotrys fontinalis_, n. sp., x 400 1122 + + Apical view. + + Fig. 21. _Pylobotrys putealis_, n. sp., x 500 1121 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 22. _Pylobotrys cerebralis_, n. sp., x 500 1122 + + Dorsal view. + + Fig. 23. _Botryocampe rotalia_, n. sp., x 400 1123 + + Collar septum. + + Fig. 24. _Botryocampe camerata_, n. sp., x 500 1124 + + Lateral view (left side). + + Fig. 25. _Phormobotrys cannothalamia_, n. sp., x 400 1125 + + Lateral view (right side). + + Fig. 26. _Phormobotrys trithalamia_, n. sp., x 500 1124 + + Frontal section. The dorsal wall is visible, in the + cephalis the cruciform frontal septum. + + Fig. 27. _Phormobotrys pentathalamia_, n. sp., x 400 1124 + + Lateral view (left side). + + Fig. 28. _Cephalospyris triangulata_, n. sp., x 400 1035 + + The central capsule encloses numerous spherical + concrements. + +[Illustration: 1.-4. BOTRYOPERA. 5.-11. BOTRYOPYLE. 12.-17. BOTRYOCELLA. +18.-22. BOTRYOCYRTIS. 23.-27. BOTRYOCAMPE. 28. CEPHALOSPYRIS.] + + + +PLATE 97. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Orders STEPHOIDEA ET CYRTOIDEA. + +Families STEPHANIDA, CORONIDA, TRIPOCALPIDA, PHAENOCALPIDA, TRIPOCYRTIDA, +PODOCYRTIDA et PODOCAMPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cortina typus_, n. sp., x 300 951 + + View from the right side. The upper part of the central + capsule includes the nucleus, the lower part the + podoconus, besides some oil-globules. The two pectoral + feet are partly broken off. + + Fig. 2. _Podocoronis cortiniscus_, n. sp., x 400 981 + + View from the right anterior side. + + Fig. 3. _Tripocalpis cortinaris_, n. sp., x 400 1137 + + Fig. 4. _Phaenocalpis petalospyris_, n. sp., x 400 1173 + + Lateral view (inverted). + + Fig. 5. _Haliphormis lagena_, n. sp., x 200 1167 + + Fig. 6. _Halicapsa lithapium_, n. sp., x 300 1190 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 7. _Peridium alatum_, n. sp., x 300 1155 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 8. _Sethopilium orthopus_, n. sp., x 300 1202 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 9. _Sethopilium macropus_, n. sp., x 400 1203 + + Fig. 10. _Amphiplecta acrostoma_, n. sp., x 400 1223 + + Fig. 11. _Sethopera tricostata_, n. sp., x 400 1232 + + Fig. 12. _Acanthocorys macroceras_, n. sp., x 200 1264 + + Fig. 13. _Sethophaena hexaptera_, n. sp., x 400 1286 + + Fig. 14. _Theopodium tricostatum_, n. sp., x 400 1328 + + Fig. 15. _Podocampe trictenota_, n. sp., x 500 1446 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. CORTINA, 3-7. MONOCYRTIDA, 8-13. DICYRTIDA, 14. +THEOPODIUM, 15. PODOCAMPE.] + + + +PLATE 98. + +LEGION NASSELLARIA. + +Order CYRTOIDEA. + +Families TRIPOCALPIDA et PHAENOCALPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Euscenium plectaniscus_, n. sp., x 300 1146 + + Half frontal, half basal view. + + Fig. 2. _Cladoscenium pectinatum_, n. sp., x 400 1150 + + Shell opened by a vertical section. + + Fig. 3. _Archiscenium cyclopterum_, n. sp., x 400 1151 + + View from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 4. _Pteroscenium arcuatum_, n. sp., x 400 1152 + + The central capsule contains a large spherical nucleus with + a nucleolus. + + Fig. 5. _Archipera cortiniscus_, n. sp., x 400 1155 + + Fig. 6. _Archibursa tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 400 1157 + + Basal view. + + Fig. 7. _Archipilium orthopterum_, n. sp., x 400 1139 + + Fig. 8. _Tripilidium costatum_, n. sp., x 300 1141 + + Fig. 8_a_. Central capsule in the upper part of the shell, + + Fig. 8_b_. Cortinar septum, + + Fig. 9. _Phaenoscenium hexapodium_, n. sp., x 300 1175 + + Fig. 10. _Archiphaena gorgospyris_, n. sp., x 300 1178 + + Fig. 10_a_. Cortinar septum with four collar pores, x 300 + + Fig. 11. _Archiphormis urceolata_, n. sp., x 300 1168 + + Fig. 12. _Halicalyptra petalospyris_, n. sp., x 400 1169 + + Fig. 13. _Arachnocalpis ellipsoides_, n. sp., x 300 1172 + + The central capsule is filled up by clear vacuoles and + exhibits in the upper half the ellipsoidal nucleus and + four oil-globules, in the lower half the slender + striated podoconus. + + Fig. 13_a_. A piece of the network, more enlarged, x 900 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. EUSCENIUM, 5. 6. ARCHIPERA, 7. 8. TRIPILIDIUM, 9. 10. +ARCHIPHAENA, 11. 12. ARCHIPHORMIS, 13. ARACHNOCALPIS.] + + + +PLATE 99. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family CHALLENGERIDA. + + (The central capsule is coloured red and the phaeodium + green in Figs. 1, 6, 10, 14-17, 20). + + Fig. 1. _Challengeria murrayi_, n. sp., x 50 1653 + + From the dorsal side. Numerous streams of sarcode arise + from the central capsule and pierce the calymma inside + the shell. + + Fig. 2. _Challengeria wildi_, n. sp., x 400 1653 + + The peristome from the left side. + + Fig. 3. _Challengeria bromleyi_, n. sp., x 400 1652 + + From the dorsal side. + + Fig. 4. _Challengeria sloggettii_, John Murray x 150 1649 + + The ventral corner broken off. From the left side. + + Fig. 4_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall. + + Fig. 5. _Challengeria tritonis_, n. sp., x 150 1649 + + Fig. 6. _Challengeron diodon_, n. sp., x 400 1654 + + From the dorsal side. The shell contains two central + capsules. + + Fig. 7. _Challengeron pearceyi_, n. sp., x 300 1654 + + From the dorsal side. + + Fig. 8. _Challengeron richardsii_, n. sp., x 100 1655 + + From the oral margin + + Fig. 9. _Challengeron fergusoni_, n. sp., x 100 1656 + + From the right side. + + Fig. 10. _Challengeron triangulum_, n. sp., x 200 1656 + + From the right side. + + Fig. 11. _Challengeron crosbiei_, n. sp., x 300 1657 + + From the ventral side. + + Fig. 12. _Challengeron buchanani_, n. sp., x 300 1657 + + From the right side. + + Fig. 13. _Challengeron willemoesii_, n. sp., x 400 1659 + + From the ventral side. + + Fig. 14. _Challengeron moseleyi_, n. sp., x 300 1658 + + From the right side. + + Fig. 15. _Challengeron wyvillei_, n. sp., x 300 1660 + + From the left side. + + Fig. 16. _Porcupinia cordiformis_, n. sp., x 200 1663 + + From the right side. + + Fig. 17. _Pharyngella gastraea_, n. sp., x 150 1662 + + Fig. 18. _Pharyngella gastrula_, n. sp., x 150 1662 + + Fig. 19. _Entocannula infundibulum_, n. sp., x 100 1661 + + Fig. 20. _Entocannula hirsuta_, n. sp., x 150 1661 + + Fig. 21. _Lithogromia diatomacea_, n. sp., x 400 1647 + + A piece of the shell with diatomaceous structure. + + Fig. 21_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall. + + Fig. 22. _Lithogromia silicea_, n. sp., x 150 1647 + +[Illustration: 1.-15. CHALLENGERIA. 16.-18. PHARYNGELLA. 19. 20. +ENTOCANNULA. 21. 22. LITHOGROMIA.] + + + +PLATE 100. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family TUSCARORIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tuscarora bisternaria_, John Murray, x 30 1706 + + View from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 1_a_. View from the mouth pole x 25 + + Fig. 2. _Tuscarora murrayi_, n. sp., x 30 1706 + + View from the dorsal side. The central capsule (in the + aboral half), and the phaeodium (in the middle of the + shell-cavity) are visible. A fine network of + pseudopodia pierces the calymma, which fills up the + shell-cavity. + + Fig. 3. _Tuscarora wyvillei_, n. sp., x 30 1707 + + View from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 3_a_. Base of a tooth, x 100 + + Fig. 3_b_. Transverse section through the base of a tooth. + + Fig. 3_c_. Base of a foot. + + Fig. 4. _Tuscarora tetrahedra_, John Murray, x 15 1707 + + View from the dorsal side. + + Fig. 4_a_. Mouth with the three teeth, x 50 + + Fig. 5. _Tuscarora tubulosa_, John Murray, x 40 1707 + + View from the ventral side. + + Fig. 5_a_. Mouth with the two teeth, x 100 + + Fig. 5_b_. Basal part of a single tooth, x 150 + + Fig. 6. _Tuscarora porcellana_, John Murray, x 600 1708 + + Fig. 6_a_. A piece of the shell, with five pores. + + Fig. 6_b_. A piece of a tooth, with the internal axial rod + and its transverse branches. + + Fig. 7. _Tuscarusa medusa_, n. sp., x 25 1709 + + View from the side. + + Fig. 7_a_. View from the mouth, x 50 + + Fig. 8. _Tuscaridium lithornithium_, n. sp., x 20 1710 + + View from the ventral side. Central capsule and calymma as + in fig. 2. + + Fig. 8_a_. Peristome from the ventral side. + + Fig. 8_b_. Peristome from the right side. + +[Illustration: TUSCARORA.] + + + +PLATE 101. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCYSTINA. + +Families PHAEODINIDA, CANNORRHAPHIDA et AULACANTHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Phaeocolla primordialis_, n. sp., x 300 1544 + + Central capsule, isolated. The double contoured outer + membrane exhibits only one opening, with a radiate + operculum and long proboscis. The granular protoplasm + encloses clear spherical vacuoles. The sphaeroidal + nucleus contains irregular amoeboid nucleoli. + + Fig. 2. _Phaeodina tripylea_, n. sp., x 300 1545 + + A central capsule in self-division, with two elliptical + nuclei. The astropyle is already bisected and has two + proboscides. + + Fig. 3. _Cannorrhaphis spinulosa_, n. sp., x 300 1552 + + A complete specimen with two central capsules, each of + which contains two nuclei. The alveolate calymma + contains a dark phaeodium and is surrounded by + tangential tubular needles. + + Fig. 4. _Cannorrhaphis spinulosa_, n. sp., x 300 1552 + + A single tangential tube. + + Fig. 5. _Cannorrhaphis spathillata_, n. sp., x 300 1552 + + A single tangential tube. + + Fig. 6. _Aulactinium actinastrum_, n. sp., x 100 1574 + + A complete specimen, seen in optical meridional section. In + the centre the spheroidal central capsule, with its + double membrane and three openings (above two lateral + parapylae, below the large astropyle with its radiate + operculum). The capsule encloses numerous spherical + vacuoles and two hemispherical nuclei, each with + numerous nucleoli. The anterior half of the capsule is + surrounded by the blackish phaeodium. The spherical + calymma contains numerous globular alveoles and is + pierced by the radial tubes, the proximal ends of which + are in contact with the surface of the central capsule + (compare Pl. 103, fig. 1). + + Fig. 7. _Aulactinium actinastrum_, n. sp., x 300 1574 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 8. _Aulactinium actinelium_, n. sp., x 200 1574 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 9. _Mesocena stellata_, n. sp., x 600 1557 + + A single annular piece of the skeleton + + Fig. 10. _Dictyocha stapedia_, n. sp., x 300 1561 + + A complete specimen, observed living at Ceylon. In the + centre is visible the large, spheroidal, tripylean + central capsule, with its three openings, containing a + large nucleus with numerous nucleoli. Its oral half is + covered with the dark phaeodium. The voluminous + spherical calymma contains numerous globular alveoles + and its surface is covered with scattered, + stirrup-shaped pieces of the skeleton. Numerous free + pseudopodia arise from the surface. + + Fig. 11. _Dictyocha stapedia_, n. sp., x 800 1561 + + A single piece of the skeleton, from above. + + Fig. 12. _Dictyocha stapedia_, n. sp., x 800 1561 + + A twin piece of the skeleton. + + Fig. 13. _Dictyocha medusa_, n. sp., x 800 1560 + + A single piece of the skeleton, from the side. + + Fig. 14. _Dictyocha medusa_, n. sp., x 800 1560 + + A single piece of the skeleton, from above. + +[Illustration: 1.-2. PHAEODINA, 3.-5. CANNORRHAPHIS, 6.-8. AULACTINIUM, 9. +MESOCENA, 10.-14. DICTYOCHA.] + + + +PLATE 102. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCYSTINA. + +Family AULACANTHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Auloceros elegans_, n. sp., x 80 1584 + + A complete specimen, observed living at Ceylon. In the + centre is visible the red central capsule with its + three openings, containing a large nucleus of half the + size, with numerous nucleoli. The alveolate calymma + encloses a green excentric phaeodium, is surrounded by + a veil of interwoven tangential needles, and forms + conical elevations, which enclose the piercing radial + tubes. Between these radiate numerous pseudopodia + (compare for the single parts, Pl. 103, fig. 1 and Pl. + 104, figs. 1-3, and their explanation). + + Figs. 2-6. _Auloceros furcosus_, n. sp., x 100 1583 + + Distal ends of different radial tubes, exhibiting the great + variability of this species. + + Fig. 7. _Auloceros trigeminus_, n. sp., x 300 1584 + + Distal end of a single tube. + + Fig. 8. _Auloceros capreolus_, n. sp., x 200 1584 + + Distal End of a Single Tube. + + Figs. 9, 10. _Auloceros cervinus_, n. sp., x 300 1584 + + Distal ends of two single tubes. + + Fig. 12. _Auloceros spathillaster_, n. sp., x 300 1585 + + Distal end of a single tube. + + Figs. 11, 13. _Auloceros arborescens_, n. sp., x 300 1585 + + Distal ends of two single tubes. + +[Illustration: AULOCERA.] + + + +PLATE 103. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCYSTINA. + +Family AULACANTHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Aulographis candelabrum_, n. sp., x 100 1583 + + _p_, The dark phaeodium surrounding the central capsule on + its oral part; _a_, a part of the surrounding alveolate + calymma, also surrounding the central capsule; _s_, the + veil of tangential needles covering the surface of the + alveolate calymma; _r_, the big radial tubes, seven of + which are visible, with an elegant verticil of terminal + branches; _f_, the numerous pseudopodia radiating + between the branches. The central capsule exhibits the + following parts:--_o_, Astropyle; _u_, parapylae; _e_, + outer membrane; _i_, inner membrane; _v_, vacuoles; + _n_, nucleus; _l_, nucleoli. + + Figs. 2-9. _Aulographis pandor_, n. sp., x 100 1577 + + Distal ends of various radial tubes of a single specimen, + exhibiting the extraordinary variability of this + species. + + Fig. 10. _Aulographis furcula_, n. sp., x 400 1580 + + A two-branched tube. + + Fig. 11. _Aulographis furcula_, n. sp., x 400 1580 + + A three-branched tube. + + Figs. 12, 13. _Aulographis bovicornis_, n. sp., x 200 1577 + + Two tubes with two branches. + + Fig. 14. _Aulographis bovicornis_, n. sp., x 200 1577 + + A tube with three branches. + + Fig. 15. _Aulographis triangulum_, n. sp., x 200 1580 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 16. _Aulographis taumorpha_, n. sp., x 300 1577 + + Two tubes, each with two branches. + + Fig. 17. _Aulographis triglochin_, n. sp., x 300 1578 + + A tube with three branches. + + Figs. 18, 19. _Aulographis hexancistra_, n. sp., x 300 1581 + + Distal end of two tubes (one with four, the other with five + terminal branches). + + Fig. 20. _Aulographis dentata_, n. sp., x 200 1582 + + Distal end of a single tube. + + Fig. 21. _Aulographis ancorata_, n. sp., x 300 1578 + + Two tubes, each with four recurved branches. + + Fig. 22. _Aulographis tetrancistra_, n. sp., x 300 1581 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 23. _Aulographis stellata_, n. sp., x 300 1578 + + _a_ and _b_, Two rudimentary or incompletely developed + tubes; _c_, a well-developed tube of the usual form. + + Fig. 24. _Aulographis asteriscus_, n. sp., x 300 1581 + + Terminal verticil of a single tube. + + Fig. 25. _Aulographis cruciata_, n. sp., x 300 1578 + + Distal end of a single tube. + + Fig. 26. _Aulographis pulvinata_, n. sp., x 400 1582 + + Distal end of a single tube. + + Fig. 27. _Aulographis serrulata_, n. sp., x 400 1582 + + Distal end of a single tube. + +[Illustration: AULOGRAPHIS.] + + + +PLATE 104. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCYSTINA. + +Family AULACANTHIDA. + + AULACANTHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., x 50 1586 + + A complete specimen, excellently preserved, with an ovate + alveolate calymma and two central capsules. The surface + of the calymma is covered with tangential needles. + + Fig. 2. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., x 100 1586 + + An isolated central capsule of another specimen, surrounded + by granules of the phaeodium. _o_, Radiate operculum of + the astropyle; _u_, the two lateral parapylae; _e_, + external membrane of the capsule; _i_, internal + membrane; _c_, vacuoles in the protoplasm; _n_, + nucleus; _l_, numerous nucleoli. + + Fig. 3. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., x 80 1586 + + Two central capsules of another specimen, surrounded by the + phaeodium (Self-division). Characters as in fig. 2. + + Fig. 4. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., x 100 1586 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 5. _Aulospathis bifurca_, n. sp., x 200 1586 + + Distal part of another radial tube, partly filled up by + air-bubbles. + + Fig. 6. _Aulospathis trifurca_, n. sp., x 200 1586 + + Distal part of a single radial tube. + + Fig. 7. _Aulospathis trifurca_, n. sp., x 200 1586 + + Distal part of another radial tube. + + Fig. 8. _Aulospathis triodon_, n. sp., x 100 1587 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 9. _Aulospathis tetrodon_, n. sp., x 200 1588 + + Distal end of single tube. + + Figs. 10-13. _Aulospathis polymorpha_, n. sp., x 400 1587 + + Four single terminal branches with very different forms of + spathillae. + + Figs. 14-17. _Aulospathis variabilis_, n. sp., x 400 1588 + + Four single terminal branches with very different forms of + spathillae. + +[Illustration: AULOSPATHIS] + + + +PLATE 105. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCYSTINA. + +Family AULACANTHIDA. + + AULACANTHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Aulodendron indicum_, n. sp., x 200 1590 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 2. _Aulodendron pacificum_, n. sp., x 400 1589 + + Distal half of a tube. + + Fig. 3. _Aulodendron australe_, n. sp., x 300 1589 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 4. _Aulacantha spinosa_, n. sp., x 300 1575 + + Distal half of a tube. + + Fig. 5. _Aulodendron antarcticum_, n. sp., x 300 1589 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 6. _Aulographis pistillum_, n. sp., x 300 1579 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 7. _Aulographis martagon_, n. sp., x 300 1579 + + Distal end of a single tube. + + Fig. 8. _Aulographis triaena_, n. sp., x 80 1579 + + A single tube. + + Fig. 9. _Aulographis flammabunda_, n. sp., x 100 1579 + + Distal end of a tube. + + Fig. 10. _Aulographis flosculus_, n. sp., x 300 1580 + + Distal end of a tube. + + Fig. 11. _Aulographis gemmascens_, n. sp., x 100 1580 + + Distal end of a tube. + + Fig. 12. _Aulographis verticillata_, n. sp., x 400 1582 + + Distal end of a tube. + + Fig. 12_a_. Apical view, with four verticils of five + branches. + + Fig. 13. _Aulographis tripentas_, n. sp., x 300 1582 + + Distal end of a tube. + + Fig. 13_a_. Apical view, with three verticils of five + branches. + + Fig. 14. _Auloceros dicranaster_, n. sp., x 400 1585 + + Distal end of a tube, seen from the side. + + Fig. 15. _Auloceros dicranaster_, n. sp., x 200 1585 + + Distal end of a tube, seen from the terminal face. + + Fig. 16. _Aulacantha cannulata_, n. sp., x 300 1576 + + Distal end of a tube. + +[Illustration: 1.-5. AULODENDRON. 6.-15. AULOGRAPHIS. 16. AULACANTHA.] + + + +PLATE 106. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Orders PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family OROSPHAERIDA. + + OROSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Orosphaera serpentina_, n. sp., x 50 1595 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 2. _Orosphaera horrida_, n. sp., x 50 1596 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 3. _Orosphaera arborescens_, n. sp. (vel _Orothamnus + arborescens_), x 50 1597 + + The entire shell. + + Fig. 4. _Oroscena gegenbauri_, n. sp., x 50 1597 + + The entire shell. + + (Compare Pl. 12, fig. 1.) + +[Illustration: 1. 2. ORONIA, 3. OROTHAMNUS, 4. OROSCENA.] + + + +PLATE 107. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family OROSPHAERIDA. + + (Fig. 8 of this Plate has no number, by mistake; it is at + the top in the middle.) + + Fig. 1. _Oroplegma diplosphaera_, n. sp., x 50 1600 + + The entire shell, enveloped by an outer mantle of spongy + framework. + + Fig. 2. _Oroplegma giganteum_, n. sp., x 200 1601 + + A small piece of the spongy framework. + + Fig. 3. _Oroplegma spongiosum_, n. sp., x 50 1601 + + A pyramidal elevation of the inner shell, with its spongy + framework, and a radial spine on the top. + + Fig. 4. _Oroscena baerii_, n. sp., x 100 1598 + + A pyramidal elevation of the shell, with a radial spine on + its top. + + Fig. 5. _Orona maxima_, n. sp., x 300 1594 + + A small piece of the network; the central canals of the + bars are partly filled by air. + + Fig. 6. _Oroscena cuvieri_, n. sp., x 50 1598 + + A single radial spine. + + Fig. 7. _Orona crassissima_, n. sp., x 300 1594 + + A single bar of the coarse network, with dimpled surface. + + Fig. 8. _Oroscena muelleri_, n. sp., x 50 1598 + + A single radial spine. + +[Illustration: 1.-3. OROPLEGMA. 4.-7. OROSCENA.] + + + +PLATE 108. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family SAGOSPHAERIDA. + + SAGOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Sagoscena castra_, n. sp., x 50 1608 + + Half the shell, with the enclosed central capsule and the + phaeodium, stained by carmine. (The central nucleus + dark.) + + Fig. 2. _Sagmarium spongodictyum_, n. sp., x 50 1612 + + Half the shell, with its delicate spongy framework. + + Fig. 3. _Sagenoscena stellata_, n. sp., x 300 1610 + + Top and axial rod of a pyramid, prolonged into a crowned + radial spine. + + Fig. 4. _Sagenoscena ornata_, n. sp., x 300 1610 + + A single pyramid with its axial rod, prolonged into a + crowned radial spine. + + Fig. 5. _Sagoscena pellorium_, n. sp., x 300 1609 + + A single pyramid of the shell-surface. + + Fig. 6. _Sagoscena tentorium_, n. sp., x 100 1608 + + A piece of the shell with eight pyramids. + + Fig. 7. _Sagoscena praetorium_, n. sp., x 400 1609 + + Top of a pyramid. + + Fig. 8. _Sagena ternaria_, n. sp., x 400 1606 + + A single triangular mesh of the lattice sphere. + + Fig. 9. _Sagmidium crucicorne_, n. sp., x 400 1613 + + A single nodal point with three radial spines. + + Fig. 9_a_. A portion of a spine, more highly magnified. + + Fig. 10. _Sagosphaera penicilla_, n. sp., x 400 1607 + + One nodal point and its radial spine. + + Fig. 11. _Sagosphaera furcilla_, n. sp., x 300 1607 + + Two nodal points of the network. + + Fig. 11_a_. Extremity of a spine. + + Fig. 12. _Sagmidium quadricorne_, n. sp., x 400 1614 + + A nodal point of the shell surface, with four divergent + spines. + + Fig. 13. _Sagoplegma scenophora_, n. sp., x 300 1615 + + Tops of two pyramids. + + Fig. 14. _Sagmarium plegmosphaerium_, n. sp., x 300 1612 + + A nodal point of the spongy framework. + +[Illustration: 1.-7. SAGOSCENA. 8. SAGENA. 9.-14. SAGOSPHAERA.] + + +PLATE 109. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family AULOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Aulosphaera dendrophora_, n. sp., x 50 1625 + + The entire shell, with the central capsule and its nucleus, + enveloped by the dark granular phaeodium. + + Fig. 2. _Aulosphaera dendrophora_, n. sp., x 300 1625 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 3. _Aulosphaera sceptrophora_, n. sp., x 300 1625 + + A hexagonal group of six triangular meshes. + + Fig. 4. _Aulosphaera sceptrophora_, n. sp., x 300 1625 + + A similar group, seen from the side, with three radial + tubes. + + Fig. 5. _Aulosphaera spinosa_, n. sp., x 300 1627 + + A hexagonal group of six triangular meshes. + + Fig. 6. _Aulosphaera undulata_, n. sp., x 400 1627 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 7. _Aulosphaera spathillata_, n. sp., x 400 1624 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 7_a_. An abnormal variety, x 400 + + Fig. 8. _Aulosphaera triodon_, n. sp., x 400 1623 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 9. _Aulosphaera trifurca_, n. sp., x 400 1626 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 10. _Aulosphaera cruciata_, n. sp., x 300 1624 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 11. _Aulosphaera bisternaria_, n. sp., x 300 1624 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 12. _Aulosphaera bisternaria_, n. sp., x 600 1624 + + Distal end of a single radial tube. + +[Illustration: AULOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 110. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family AULOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Auloscena mirabilis_, n. sp., x 50 1628 + + The complete shell, representing a regular latticed sphere, + which is composed of equal hexagonal pyramids; the top + of each pyramid bears a radial tube with a terminal + corona. + + Fig. 2. _Auloscena mirabilis_, n. sp., x 600 1628 + + Terminal corona of a single radial tube. + + Fig. 3. _Auloscena penicillus_, n. sp., x 200 1629 + + A single tent-shaped elevation or six-sided pyramid, + bearing on the top a brush-shaped radial tube. + + Fig. 4. _Auloscena flammabunda_, n. sp., x 400 1629 + + A single radial tube, with a centripetal free prolongation + at the base and a verticil of undulate terminal + branches at the distal end. + + Fig. 5. _Auloscena serrata_, n. sp., x 600 1630 + + Terminal corona of a single radial tube. + + Fig. 6. _Auloscena tentorium_, n. sp., x 400 1628 + + A single radial tube, with a centripetal prolongation at + the base and a terminal corona at the distal end. + + Fig. 7. _Auloscena gigantea_, n. sp., x 400 1629 + + Basal part of a radial tube, exhibiting the internal axial + thread and its connection with the six tubes, which + form the edges of a flat six-sided pyramid (usually + more elevated than the figure exhibits). + + Fig. 8. _Auloscena spectabilis_, n. sp., x 400 1628 + + Apex of an abnormal pyramid (sometimes occurring), in which + seven radial tubes are united, instead of six. + + Fig. 9. _Auloscena spectabilis_, n. sp., x 800 1628 + + Basal part of a radial tube, in the top of a flat six-sided + pyramid; above it the distal part of the same tube with + its terminal corona (middle part of the tube wanting). + + Fig. 10. _Auloscena verticillus_, n. sp., x 300 1629 + + Apex of a six-sided pyramid, seen from the inside. + + Fig. 11. _Auloscena verticillus_, n. sp., x 400 1629 + + Distal part of a single radial tube, with the terminal + corona. + +[Illustration: AULOSCENA.] + + + +PLATE 111. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family AULOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Aulonia hexagonia_, n. sp., x 30 1634 + + The complete spherical shell. + + Fig. 2. _Aularia ternaria_, n. sp., x 300 1621 + + A group of six triangular meshes, with seven nodal points + of radial tubes. Behind the central capsule, with its + double membrane (_e_, outer; _i_, inner) and radiate + operculum (_o_); _u_, the two outer parapylae; _v_, + vacuoles in the protoplasm. The ellipsoidal nucleus + (_n_) contains numerous nucleoli (_l_). + + Fig. 3. _Aulastrum triceros_, n. sp., x 50 1635 + + The complete shell. + + Fig. 3_a_. _Aulastrum triceros_, n. sp., x 300 1635 + + A single radial tube. + + Figs. 4_a_, 4_b_, 4_c_. _Aulastrum dendroceros_, n. sp., x 400 1635 + + Three single radial spines (taken from three different + specimens). + + Fig. 5_a_. _Aulophacus lenticularis_, n. sp., x 300 1631 + + A single radial spine. + + Fig. 5_b_. _Aulophacus amphidiscus_, n. sp., x 300 1631 + + A single radial spine. + + Fig. 6. _Aulatractus fusiformis_, n. sp., x 5 1632 + + The complete shell, five times enlarged. + + Fig. 6_a_. _Aulatractus fusiformis_, n. sp., x 20 1632 + + Apical part of the shell. + + Fig. 6_b_. _Aulatractus fusiformis_, n. sp., x 400 1632 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 7. _Aulatractus diploconus_, n. sp., x 20 1632 + + Apical part of the shell. + + Fig. 7_a_. _Aulatractus diploconus_, n. sp., x 400 1632 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 8. _Auloplegma perplexum_, n. sp., x 50 1630 + + Half the shell. + + Fig. 8_a_. _Auloplegma perplexum_, n. sp., x 400 1630 + + A single radial tube. + + Fig. 9. _Auloplegma spongiosum_, n. sp., x 300 1631 + + A single radial tube. + +[Illustration: 1. AULONIA, 2-5. AULOSPHAERA, 6. 7. AULATRACTUS, 8. +AULOPLEGMA.] + + + +PLATE 112. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Orders PHAEOSPHAERIA. + +Family CANNOSPHAERIDA. + + CANNOSPHAERIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Cannosphaera antarctica_, n. sp., x 50 1640 + + The entire shell. The inner mammillate shell, from the + month of which is prominent the phaeodium, in connected + by numerous radial beams with the outer shell. + + Fig. 2. _Cannosphaera antarctica_, n. sp., x 200 1640 + + The inner shell, from the mouth of which is prominent the + phaeodium, and a single hexagonal mesh of the outer + shell, connected with the former by thin radial + threads. + + Fig. 3. _Cannosphaera antarctica_, n. sp., x 200 1640 + + A single radial spine, with four terminal branches. + + Fig. 4. _Cannosphaera pacifica_, n. sp., x 200 1641 + + The inner shell, exhibiting on its base the widely open + mouth, and in its upper half the transparent spherical + central capsule with its nucleus. Of the outer shell + (which is connected with the inner by thin radial + threads), only a few polygonal meshes are visible. + + Fig. 5. _Cannosphaera atlantica_, n. sp., x 200 1640 + + The inner shell, connected by spiny radial beams with the + outer shell, a quadrant only of which is visible. + + Fig. 6. _Cannosphaera atlantica_, n. sp., x 200 1640 + + A single radial spine, with five terminal branches. + +[Illustration: CANNOSPHAERA.] + + + +PLATE 113. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family CASTANELLIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Castanissa challengeri_, n. sp., x 100 1686 + + In the lower part of the figure is visible the large corona + of teeth around the mouth (_a_). + + Fig. 2. _Castanidium moseleyi_, n. sp., x 80 1686 + + In the upper part of the figure, at left, is visible the + irregular polygonal mouth (_a_). + + Fig. 3. _Castanopsis naresi_, n. sp., x 80 1688 + + In the upper part of the figure is visible the smooth + circular mouth (_a_). + + Fig. 4. _Castanura tizardi_, n. sp., x 80 1689 + + Fig. 4_a_. A single main-spine of the same, x 400 + + Fig. 5. _Castanidium murrayi_, n. sp., x 100 1685 + + With a large phaeodium, partly protruded through the + circular mouth. + + Fig. 5_a_. A single main-spine of the same, hexagonally + dimpled, x 400 + + Fig. 6. _Castanella wyvillei_, n. sp., x 100 1683 + + A piece of the shell with the mouth, armed with six large + teeth (_a_). + + Fig. 7. _Castanidium buchanani_, n. sp., x 100 1685 + + A piece of the shell with the smooth roundish mouth (_a_). + +[Illustration: CASTANELLA.] + + + +PLATE 114. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Orders PHAEOCYSTINA ET PHAEOGROMIA. + +Families CANNORRHAPHIDA et CIRCOPORIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Haeckeliana darwiniana_, n. sp., x 200 1702 + + A complete shell. + + Fig. 2. _Haeckeliana darwiniana_, n. sp., x 400 1702 + + A single coronet of pores. + + Fig. 3. _Haeckeliana goetheana_, n. sp., x 300 1702 + + The oral part of the shell with the mouth. + + Fig. 4. _Haeckeliana lamarckiana_, n. sp., x 400 1701 + + A single coronet of pores. + + Fig. 5. _Haeckeliana maxima_, n. sp., x 300 1701 + + A single coronet of pores. + + Fig. 6. _Haeckeliana porcellana_, John Murray, x 200 1701 + + A complete shell. + + Fig. 7. _Distephanus corona_, n. sp., x 800 1566 + + A single pileated piece (half from the side, half from + below). + + Fig. 8. _Distephanus corona_, n. sp., x 800 1566 + + Two coupled pileated pieces caught into one another + (twin-piece). + + Fig. 9. _Distephanus corona_, n. sp., x 800 1566 + + A single pileated piece, seen from above. + + Fig. 10. _Cannopilus diplostaurus_, n. sp., x 800 1568 + + A single pileated piece, seen from above. + + Fig. 11. _Cannopilus cyrtoides_, n. sp., x 800 1569 + + A single pileated piece, seen obliquely from the side. + + Fig. 12. _Cannopilus cyrtoides_, n. sp., x 800 1569 + + A single pileated piece, seen from below. + + Fig. 13. _Haeckeliana porcellana_, John Murray, x 600 1526 + + The radiate operculum of the central capsule. + +[Illustration: 1.-6. HAECKELIANA, 7.-9. DISTEPHANUS, 10.-13. CANNOPILUS.] + + + +PLATE 115. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family CIRCOPORIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Circoporus sexfuscinus_, n. sp., x 100 1695 + + The cruciform mouth is visible in the upper part of the + figure, to the right. + + Fig. 2. _Circoporus sexfuscinus_, n. sp., x 200 1695 + + A single radial spine, with four cruciate pores at the + base. + + Fig. 3. _Circoporus sexfuscinus_, n. sp., x 600 1695 + + The radiate operculum of the central capsule, with the + proboscis. + + Fig. 4. _Circospathis furcata_, n. sp., x 100 1696 + + Five of the nine spines are visible, two others (on the + upper face) broken off. Between the latter the + pentagonal mouth (with five teeth). + + Fig. 5. _Circospathis furcata_, n. sp., x 300 1696 + + The mouth with its five teeth. + + Fig. 6. _Circospathis furcata_, n. sp., x 400 1696 + + A piece of the shell with a radial spine. + + Fig. 7. _Circospathis furcata_, n. sp., x 400 1696 + + Vertical section through the base of a radial spine, to + show the central funicle. + + Fig. 8. _Circogonia dodecacantha_, n. sp., x 100 1698 + + The central capsule with the elliptical nucleus (to the + right) and the dark phaeodium (to the left) are + visible, in the upper part (to the left) the mouth of + the shell, with six teeth. + + Fig. 9. _Circogonia dodecacantha_, n. sp., x 400 1698 + + A fragment of the shell, exhibiting its peculiar structure + (needles tangentially scattered in the cement of the + porcellanous substance), and a circle of nine pores + around the base of a broken spine. + + Fig. 10. _Circospathis tetrodonta_, n. sp., x 400 1697 + + The mouth with four teeth, in profile view. + +[Illustration: 1.-3. CIRCOPORUS, 4.-10. CIRCOSPATHIS.] + + + +PLATE 116. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Families MEDUSETTIDA et CIRCOPORIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Polypetta mammillata_, n. sp., x 500 1677 + + In the upper part of the figure the dentate proboscis. + + Fig. 1_a_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, showing + two of the hollow alveoles, opening on its inside, x1000 + + Fig. 2. _Polypetta tabulata_, n. sp., x 500 1677 + + In the upper part of the figure the dentate proboscis. + + Fig. 2_a_. A piece of the shell, seen from the surface, + with the triangular plates, x1000 + + Fig. 2_b_. Vertical section through the shell-wall, with an + alveole, x1000 + + Fig. 3. _Circostephanus coronarius_, n. sp., x 150 1699 + + The polyhedral shell exhibits in its wall the small + tangential needles. The radial spines are partly broken + off. The mouth of the shell, surrounded by eight short + conical teeth, is visible on the left side of the + figure. + + Fig. 3_a_. The mouth of the shell, seen in profile, with + eight conical spinulate teeth, x 400 + + Fig. 3_b_. The base of a radial spine broken off, to show + the corona of (five or six) basal pores, x 400 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. POROSPATHIS, 3. CIRCOSTEPHANUS.] + + + +PLATE 117. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Orders PHAEOCYSTINA ET PHAEOGROMIA. + +Families CANNORRHAPHIDA, MEDUSETTIDA et CIRCOPORIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Circogonia icosahedra_, n. sp., x 80 1698 + + The entire shell, with twelve radial tubes and twenty + triangular faces. In the centre of one face is the + mouth, with six teeth. + + Fig. 1_a_. The mouth alone, with its six spinulate teeth, x 400 + + Fig. 2. _Circorrhegma dodecahedra_, n. sp., x 80 1699 + + The entire shell, with twenty radial tubes and twelve + pentagonal faces. In the centre of one face is the + mouth, with five teeth. + + Fig. 2_a_. The mouth alone, with its five spinulate teeth, + seen in profile, x 200 + + Fig. 3. _Circospathis novena_, n. sp., x 100 1696 + + The entire shell, with nine radial tubes and fourteen + triangular faces. In one face (to the left above) is + the mouth with nine teeth. + + Fig. 3_a_. The mouth alone, with its nine spinulate teeth, x 150 + + Fig. 4. _Circoporus hexastylus_, n. sp., x 80 1695 + + A single radial spine. + + Fig. 5. _Circoporus sexfurcus_, n. sp., x 80 1694 + + The entire spherical shell with six forked and ciliated + radial tubes. In the centre the cruciform mouth with + four teeth. + + Fig. 6. _Circoporus octahedrus_, n. sp., x 300 1695 + + The entire shell, with six verticillate radial tubes and + eight triangular faces. In the centre of one face is + the mouth, with four teeth. + + Fig. 7. _Cortinetta tripodiscus_, n. sp., x 300 1667 + + The entire shell with the enclosed central capsule, and the + phaeodium around the astropyle. + + Fig. 7_a_. The astropyle, partly detached from the wall of + the central capsule, seen in profile, x 800 + + Fig. 8. _Catinulus quadrifidus_, n. sp., x 80 1553 + + A complete specimen, with four equal central capsules, + united in a single spherical calymma. + + Fig. 8_a_. Some single pieces of the skeleton, x 400 + +[Illustration: 1. CIRCOGONIA, 2. CIRCORRHEGMA, 3. CIRCOSPATHIS, 4.-6. +CIRCOPORUS, 7. CORTINETTA, 8. CATINULUS.] + + + +PLATE 118. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family MEDUSETTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Gazelletta melusina_, n. sp., x 300 1674 + + From the peristome of the thorny campanulate shell arise + six large descending feet, which are studded with + arborescent fragile lateral branches, and armed at the + distal end with stouter dichotomous terminal branches. + + Fig. 2. _Euphysetta staurocodon_, n. sp., x 300 1670 + + The peristome of the ovate shell bears an odd large foot + with three terminal branches and three cruciate + rudimentary feet. In the upper part of the shell-cavity + is visible the sphaeroidal central capsule (containing + a nucleus of half the size, with numerous nucleoli); in + the lower half the dark pigment-masses of the green + phaeodium. + + Fig. 3. _Euphysetta amphicodon_, n. sp., x 300 1670 + + The shell-wall exhibits the regular alveolate structure. + From the mouth are prominent large masses of the + phaeodium, which is more voluminous than the + shell-cavity, and seems to contain nucleated cells. + +[Illustration: 1. GAZELLETTA, 2. 3. EUPHYSETTA.] + + + +PLATE 119. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family MEDUSETTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Gorgonetta mirabilis_, n. sp., x 100 1674 + + The entire body. From the margin of the cap-shaped shell + arise six ascending arborescent feet and six + alternating descending feet, which are covered with + anchor-pencils and branched at the distal end. From the + mouth of the delicately alveolate shell depend + prominent parts of the dark voluminous phaeodium. + + Fig. 2. _Gorgonetta mirabilis_, n. sp., x 300 1674 + + The distal end of an ascending foot; the branches bear a + terminal spathilla with small recurved teeth. + + Fig. 3. _Gorgonetta mirabilis_, n. sp., x 300 1674 + + The distal end of a descending foot, with three lateral + anchor-pencils and three terminal branches (broken + off). Odd alveole contains an air-bubble. + + Fig. 4. _Gorgonetta mirabilis_, n. sp., x 600 1674 + + A single thread of an anchor-pencil with two quadridentate + spathillae, a larger proximal and a smaller distal + (terminal). + +[Illustration: GORGONETTA.] + + + +PLATE 120. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOGROMIA. + +Family MEDUSETTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Medusetta codonium_, n. sp., x 400 1668 + + Fig. 2. _Medusetta quadrigata_, n. sp., x 400 1668 + + The central capsule is visible in the upper half, the + phaeodium in the lower half of the shell-cavity. + + Fig. 3. _Medusetta tetranema_, n. sp., x 400 1669 + + Fig. 4. _Medusetta craspedota_, n. sp., x 400 1669 + + Fig. 5. _Gazelletta hexanema_, n. sp., x 300 1671 + + Fig. 6. _Gazelletta bifurca_, n. sp., x 300 1672 + + A single alveolate foot. + + Fig. 7. _Gazelletta macronema_, n. sp., x 200 1671 + + Oral view of the shell. + + Fig. 8. _Gazelletta macronema_, n. sp., x 800 1671 + + Three joints of an alveolate foot. + + Fig. 9. _Gazelletta cyrtonema_, n. sp., x 300 1671 + + The upper part of the shell encloses the central capsule + with its nucleus. The voluminous phaeodium is prominent + over the mouth. + + Fig. 10. _Gazelletta orthonema_, n. sp., x 200 1671 + + The central capsule and its nucleus are visible in the + shell-cavity. + + Fig. 11. _Gazelletta schleinitzii_, n. sp., x 400 1673 + + Oblique apical view, with the enclosed central capsule, the + nucleus of which contains numerous nucleoli. + + Fig. 12. _Gazelletta schleinitzii_, n. sp., x 300 1673 + + A single alveolate foot. + + Fig. 13. _Gazelletta trispathilla_, n. sp., x 400 1673 + + The middle part of a foot. + + Fig. 14. _Gazellatta robusta_, n. sp., x 300 1673 + + The base of a foot, exhibiting the pores of the alveoli. + + Fig. 15. _Gazelletta studeri_, n. sp., x 400 1673 + + The distal end of a foot; four alveoli filled up by + air-bubbles. + + Fig. 16. _Gazelletta dendronema_, n. sp., x 300 1674 + + A part of the velum, seen from the inside. The alveoles are + partly filled by air. + +[Illustration: 1.-4. MEDUSETTA, 5.-16. GAZELLETTA.] + + + +PLATE 121. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family COELODENDRIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coelodendrum furcatissimum_, n. sp., x 50 1735 + + A complete specimen with the central capsule and the big + phaeodium. The spherical calymma envelops almost the + entire skeleton. + + Fig. 2. _Coelodendrum furcatissimum_, n. sp., x 300 1735 + + A distal branch with its terminal ramification. + + Fig. 3. _Coelodendrum furcatissimum_, n. sp., x 100 1735 + + One valve of the shell, with its galea and the four hollow + forked tubes arising from it. + + Fig. 4. _Coelodendrum furcatissimum_, n. sp., x 100 1735 + + The central capsule with its nucleus; on the left side one + valve of the closely enveloping shell (seen in vertical + section), and its galea with the origin of the four + tubes. + + Fig. 5. _Coelodendrum serratum_, n. sp., x 400 1737 + + A flabellate terminal branch. + + Fig. 6. _Coelodendrum flabellatum_, n. sp., x 150 1737 + + A flabellate terminal branch. + + Fig. 7. _Coelodendrum spinosissimum_, n. sp., x 300 1735 + + Forked distal end of a terminal branch. + + Fig. 8. _Coelodendrum cervicorne_, n. sp., x 150 1736 + + One valve of the shell, with its galea and the four tubes + arising from it. A network of protoplasm connects the + distal branches. + + Fig. 9. _Coelodrymus ancoratus_, n. sp., x 50 1738 + + A complete specimen, with the central capsule and the + enveloping phaeodium. The surface of the spherical + calymma is covered by a dense network, from which arise + numerous, anchor-bearing, radial tubules. + + Fig. 10. _Coelodrymus ancoratus_, n. sp., x 150 1738 + + A small piece of the superficial network of the skeleton, + with the zigzag radial tubules arising from it, each of + which bears an anchor with two recurved denticulate + teeth on the distal end. + +[Illustration: 1.-8. COELODENDRUM, 9. 10. COELODRYMUS.] + + + +PLATE 122. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family COELOGRAPHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coelotholus octonus_, n. sp., x 30 1749 + + The entire bivalved shell, seen obliquely from the dorsal + and somewhat from the right side, enveloped by the + yellowish calymma. + + Fig. 2. _Coelotholus octonus_, n. sp., x 100 1749 + + One valve of the shell (_h_) with its large galea and the + origin of the three styles. The base of the two lateral + styles (_g_^1, _g_^2) is connected by two latticed + lateral frenula (_b_^1, _b_^2) with the mouth (_m_) of + the rhinocanna (_t_). The odd style (_g_^3) is free. + + Fig. 3. _Coelothauma duodenum_, n. sp., x 20 1750 + + The entire shell, seen from the dorsal side. The long + styles are enveloped by the yellowish calymma. + + Fig. 4. _Coelothauma duodenum_, n. sp., x 80 1750 + + One valve of the shell (_h_), seen from the apical side; + _t_, rhinocanna; _m_, its mouth; _b_^1, _b_^2, the two + lateral frenula; _g_^1, _g_^2, the two paired styles; + _g_^3, the odd style. + + Fig. 5. _Coelothauma duodenum_, n. sp., x 80 1750 + + One valve of the shell, seen in profile. Characters as in + fig. 4. + + Fig. 6. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., x 30 1751 + + The entire shell, enveloped by the yellowish calymma, seen + from the left side; between the two valves is the + central capsule, with nucleus and astropyle. + + Fig. 7. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., x 100 1751 + + A single lateral anchor-pencil. + + Fig. 8. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., x 200 1751 + + Distal end of a style, with its anchor-pencils. + + Fig. 9. _Coelothamnus bivalvis_, n. sp., x 400 1751 + + A single anchor-thread, with its quadridentate terminal + spathilla. + +[Illustration: COELOTHOLUS.] + + + +PLATE 123. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family CONCHARIDA. + + (The central capsule is coloured red in the figures of this + plate, the phaeodium green). + + Fig. 1. _Concharium diatomeum_, n. sp., 1717 + + Dorsal view. The central capsule (red) exhibits above the + anterior tubular main-opening (astropyle), and below + the two small posterior lateral openings (right and + left parapylae). + + Fig. 2. _Concharium bivalvum_, n. sp., x 150 1717 + + Dorsal view. The central capsule is visible in the lower + part, the margin of the two valves in the upper part of + the figure. + + Fig. 2_a_ exhibits the two smooth lateral margins of the + valves, catching into one another. (Lateral view). + + Fig. 3. _Concharium nucula_, n. sp., 1717 + + The dorsal valve alone, seen from the outside. + + Fig. 4. _Concharium bacillarium_, n. sp., 1718 + + Lateral view from the smooth margin, by which the two + valves are united. + + Fig. 5. _Conchasma radiolites_, n. sp., x 300 1719 + + Lateral view. In the aboral half of the shell-cavity lies + the red central capsule, in the oral half the green + phaeodium. + + Fig. 6. _Conchasma sphaerulites_, n. sp., x 300 1719 + + Lateral view. On the aboral pole the two horns of the + hinge. + + Fig. 7. _Conchellium tridacna_, n. sp., x 200 1720 + + Oblique lateral view (from the right and ventral side). + + Fig. 7_a_. Three pores of the same, with their hexagonal + frames and six internal denticles, x 400 + + Fig. 8. _Conchopsis carinata_, n. sp., x 150 1725 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + + Fig. 9. Conchopsis lenticula, n. sp., x 150 1726 + + Lateral view, from the right side. The two membranes of the + central capsule are separated by a wide interval in + this and the preceding figure. The nucleus contains + numerous nucleoli. + + Fig. 9_a_. Two of the peculiar cells, which are contained + in the green phaeodium in large numbers, x 400 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. CONCHARIUM, 5. 6. CONCHASMA, 7. CONCHELLIUM, 8. 9. +CONCHOPSIS.] + + + +PLATE 124. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family CONCHARIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Conchidium terebratula_, n. sp., x 400 1721 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + + Fig. 2. _Conchidium terebratula_, n. sp., x 800 1721 + + A piece of the frontal girdle-fissure, with the teeth of + both valves catching into one another. + + Fig. 3. _Conchidium rhynchonella_, n. sp., x 200 1722 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + + Fig. 4. _Conchidium leptaena_, n. sp., x 300 1722 + + Girdle-fissure with the teeth, seen from the left side. + + Fig. 5. _Conchidium leptaena_, n. sp., x 800 1722 + + A single tooth with its base. + + Fig. 6. _Conchidium thecidium_, n. sp., x 300 1721 + + Lateral view, from the left side. In the oral part of the + shell-cavity the dark phaeodium, in the aboral part the + central capsule with two nuclei (a dorsal and a + ventral). + + Fig. 7. _Conchidium argiope_, n. sp., x 300 1722 + + Oblique oral view (half from the anterior, half from the + left side). + + Fig. 8. _Conchidium argiope_, n. sp., x 300 1722 + + Dorsal valve, from below. + + Fig. 9. _Conchidium argiope_, n. sp., x 600 1722 + + A piece of the valve margin, with four teeth. + + Fig. 10. _Conchonia diodon_, n. sp., x 200 1723 + + Lateral view, from the left side. In the anterior part of + the shell-cavity the dark phaeodium, in the posterior + part the central capsule with the nucleus. The two + valves are connected at the posterior hinge by a + ligament (to the right in the figure). + + Fig. 11. _Conchonia diodon_, n. sp., x 400 1723 + + Mouth of the shell, with its two lips, seen from the oral + pole. + + Fig. 12. _Conchonia diodon_, n. sp., x 400 1723 + + A piece of the valve-margin, with four teeth. + + Fig. 13. _Conchonia triodon_, n. sp., x 300 1724 + + Ventral valve, seen from the lower face. + + Fig. 14. _Conchonia triodon_, n. sp., x 300 1724 + + Dorsal valve, seen from the left side. + + Fig. 15. _Conchoceras caudatum_, n. sp., x 300 1727 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + + Fig. 16. _Conchoceras cornutum_, n. sp., x 200 1728 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + +[Illustration: 1.-14. CONCHIDIUM, 15. 16. CONCHOCERAS.] + + + +PLATE 125. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family CONCHARIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Conchopsis aspidium_, n. sp., x 150 1726 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + + Fig. 2. _Conchopsis aspidium_, n. sp., x 300 1726 + + The hinge of another specimen, in which the two valves are + connected by a ligament (as in figs. 8 and 9, Pl. 123). + + Fig. 3. _Conchopsis orbicularis_, n. sp., x 200 1725 + + Lateral view, from the left side. + + Fig. 4. _Conchopsis navicula_, n. sp., x 150 1727 + + Lateral view, from the right side. In the lower (posterior) + half of the figure is visible the central capsule with + its dark nucleus, in the upper (anterior) half the + phaeodium with two broad sagittal wings. + + Fig. 5. _Conchopsis navicula_, n. sp., x 400 1727 + + Three single pores with their hexagonal external frame and + the dilated internal ovate or ampullaceous channel. + + Fig. 6. _Conchopsis navicula_, n. sp., x 400 1727 + + Hinge of the shell, from the right side. + + Fig. 7. _Conchopsis compressa_, n. sp., x 150 1725 + + Lateral view from the left side. The triangular central + capsule with the dark nucleus is visible. + + Fig. 8. _Conchopsis compressa_, n. sp., x 150 1725 + + Dorsal view of the upper valve with its keel. + + Fig. 9. _Conchopsis pilidium_, n. sp., x 80 1726 + + The two valves separated and seen obliquely, half from the + lateral, half from the internal side. The inner opening + of each valve is bordered and partly closed by a broad + horizontal velum or diaphragm like the deck of a boat. + +[Illustration: CONCHOPSIS.] + + + +PLATE 126. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family COELOGRAPHIDA. + + Figs. 1-1_c_. _Coelographis regina_, n. sp., 1752 + + Fig. 1. Lateral view. The central capsule it visible + between the two valves of the inner shell, the galeae + of which are filled by the phaeodium, x 20 + + Fig. 1_a_. Dorsal view (somewhat obliquely from the left + side). The galeae appear triangular, x 20 + + Fig. 1_b_. Basal view, x 20 + + Fig. 1_c_. Distal end of a style, x 300 + + Figs. 2-2_b_. _Coelodecas sagittaria_, n. sp., 1755 + + Fig. 2. One valve of the shell, seen from the outside, x 30 + + Fig. 2_a_. Distal end of a style, x 300 + + Figs. 3-3_a_. _Coelostylus bisenarius_, n. sp., 1756 + + Fig. 3. Lateral view of the bivalved shell. The central + capsule is visible between the two valves of the inner + shell, the galeae of which are filled by the phaeodium, x 20 + + Fig. 3_a_. Distal end of a style, x 300 + + Figs. 4-4_a_. _Coelagalma mirabile_, n. sp., 1759 + + Fig. 4. Dorsal view of the bivalved shell, x 30 + + Fig. 4_a_. Basal view of the bivalved shell, x 10 + +[Illustration: 1. COELOGRAPHIS, 2. COELODECAS, 3. COELOSTYLUS, 4. +COELAGALMA.] + + + +PLATE 127. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family COELOGRAPHIDA. + + Fig. 1. Coeloplegma murrayanum, n. sp., x 40 1757 + + One valve of the bivalved shell, seen from the inside, of + the usual ovate form. + + Fig. 2. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 40 1757 + + One valve of the bivalved shell, seen from the inside, of + the rarer polyhedral form, which may be distinguished + as a different species (_Coeloplegma tritonis_, compare + p. 1758). _h_, hemispherical inner valve; _g_, galea; + _s_, its base. + + Fig. 3. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 40 1757 + + The entire shell, seen from the base of the aboral pole + (dorsal and ventral valve connected by delicate teeth, + catching into one another). + + Fig. 4. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 100 1757 + + _h_, The two hemispherical inner valves of the shell, seen + from the right side; _n_, the central nucleus inside + the central capsule; _d_, the astropyle; _g_, the + galea; _t_, the nasal tube, arising from its base; _m_, + its mouth; _p_, the phaeodium, which is partly thrown + out by the nasal openings, filling up the galea and + nasal tube. + + Fig. 5. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 200 1757 + + _h_, The two hemispherical inner valves of the shell and + the enclosed central capsule, seen from the oral side; + _d_, the radiate operculum of the astropyle, seen in + the frontal fissure between the two valves; _n_, the + nucleus; _k_, the crystals; _g_, galea; _g_^1-_g_^5, + the styles arising from the galea; _t_, nasal tube; + _m_, mouth of it. + + Fig. 6. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 600 1757 + + Oral part of a central capsule, in profile. _o_, Opening of + the proboscis; _d_, radiate operculum of the astropyle, + which gives rise to the proboscis; _e_, the outer, _i_, + the inner membrane of the capsule; _k_, groups of + crystals; _n_, nucleus. + + Fig. 7. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x1000 1757 + + Three single groups of crystals, taken from the central + capsule. + + Fig. 8. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 300 1757 + + One inner valve of the shell, in profile. _h_, + hemispherical valve; g, galea; _g_^1-_g_^5, the tubes + arising from it; _t_, rhinocanna or nasal tube; _m_, + its mouth; _b_, frenulum. + + Fig. 9. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 400 1757 + + _g_, The galea; _t_, rhinocanna of one inner valve; _m_, + its mouth; _p_, phaeodella filling up both the galea + and the mouth of the rhinocanna. _g_^1-_g_^5, the + styles arising from the galea; _s_, sieve-plate, which + separates the cavity of the galea from the + hemispherical valve (_h_). View in profile. + + Fig. 10. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 300 1757 + + An anchor-pencil of the outer shell. + + Fig. 11. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x1000 1757 + + A single anchor-thread of a pencil. + + Fig. 12. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x 300 1757 + + Terminal branches of a style. + + Fig. 13. _Coeloplegma murrayanum_, n. sp., x1000 1757 + + A single terminal branch of a style. + +[Illustration: (FAR-OEER-CHANNEL) COELOPLEGMA MURRAYANUM.] + + + +PLATE 128. + +LEGION PHAEODARIA. + +Order PHAEOCONCHIA. + +Family COELOGRAPHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 50 1754 + + Lateral view of the entire shell. The central capsule is + visible between the two valves of the inner shell. The + galeae and rhinocannae of the two inner valves are + filled up by the black phaeodium. + + Fig. 2. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 100 1754 + + The two valves of the inner shell; the galeae and + rhinocannae of which are filled up by the black + phaeodium. Between the mouth of the two rhinocannae is + prominent the proboscis of the astropyle, arising from + the radiate operculum of the central capsule. The + latter contains numerous crystals and a big dark + nucleus. Lateral view. + + Fig. 3. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 200 1754 + + The rhinocanna or the nasal tube of one valve, and the + latticed frenulum which connects its mouth with the top + of the galea. + + Fig. 4. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 80 1754 + + Distal end of a style. + + Fig. 5. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 200 1754 + + Terminal branches of a style. + + Fig. 6. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 600 1754 + + Lateral branch of a style, with an anchor-pencil. + + Fig. 7. _Coelospathis ancorata_, n. sp., x 300 1754 + + The lateral margins of the latticed valves of the outer + shell or mantle, catching into one another, without + being connected directly. + + Fig. 8. _Coelospathis octostyla_, n. sp., x 300 1754 + + Terminal branches of a style. + + Fig. 9. _Coelospathis octodactyla_, n. sp., x 400 1755 + + A single terminal branch of a style. + +[Illustration: COELOSPATHIS.] + + + +PLATE 129. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Orders ACTINELLIDA et ACANTHONIDA. + +Families ASTROLOPHIDA, LITHOLOPHIDA, CHIASTOLIDA et ASTROLONCHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Actinelius primordialis_, n. sp., x 100 730 + + The red central capsule, coloured by carmine, contains + numerous intensely stained nuclei. + + Fig. 2. _Litholophus decapristis_, n. sp., x 300 735 + + The conical central capsule contains numerous nuclei. The + calymma exhibits on the distal end of each spine a + coronet of myophriscs. + + Fig. 3. _Chiastolus amphicopium_, n. sp., x 150 738 + + Sixteen diametral spines pierce the spherical, red coloured + capsule. The conical sheets of the calymma bear + myophriscs. + + Figs. 3_a_, 3_b_. Two isolated diametral spines exhibiting + the peculiar spiral revolution at their central part, x 300 + + Fig. 4. _Xiphacantha ciliata_, n. sp., x 300 761 + + The spherical central capsule is coloured red. The + yellowish calymma envelops the radial spines + completely. The polygonal network of lines, in which + the radiating pseudopodia are symmetrically arranged, + is partly visible. + + Fig. 5. _Xiphacantha ciliata_, n. sp., x 300 761 + + The central part of the skeleton, exhibiting the central + junction of the radial spines. + + Fig. 6. _Acanthometron dolichoscion_, n. sp., x 300 743 + + Central capsule of a young specimen; in its upper half the + peculiar kidney-shaped nucleus is visible, with its + invagination; in the lower half some nucleated yellow + cells are visible (intracapsular xanthellae). These and + the nucleus are stained by carmine. + + Fig. 7. _Acanthometron dolichoscion_, n. sp., x 300 743 + + Cleavage of an isolated nucleus, with four buds. + + Fig. 8. _Acanthometron dolichoscion_, n. sp., x 300 743 + + A central capsule with four large budding nuclei; and + numerous small spherical nuclei produced by gemmation. + + Fig. 9. _Acanthonia tetracopa_, n. sp., x 400 749 + + Central capsule of s young specimen, with a large, + irregularly lobate nucleus. + + Fig. 10. _Acanthonia tetracopa_, n. sp., x 400 749 + + An isolated nucleus, exhibiting the peculiar invagination, + with its circular folds, and the connection with the + flatly conical nucleolus. + + Fig. 11. _Acanthonia tetracopa_, n. sp., x 800 749 + + Four flagellate spores. + +[Illustration: 1. ACTINELIUS, 2. LITHOLOPHUS, 3. CHIASTOLUS, 4.-11. +ACANTHONIA.] + + + +PLATE 130. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order ACANTHONIDA. + +Family ASTROLONCHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Acanthometron bulbiferum_, n. sp., x 300 745 + + Fig. 2. _Acanthometron cylindricum_, n. sp., x 200 743 + + Fig. 3. _Lithophyllium gladiatum_, n. sp., x 200 754 + + Fig. 4. _Stauracantha quadrifurca_, n. sp., x 300 764 + + Fig. 5. _Stauracantha orthostaura_, n. sp., x 200 762 + + Fig. 6. _Phatnacantha icosaspis_, n. sp., x 400 765 + + Fig. 7. _Pristacantha polyodon_, n. sp., x 300 766 + + Fig. 8. _Pristacantha dodecodon_, n. sp., x 300 766 + + Only the central parts and the leaf-cross. + + Fig. 9. _Pristacantha octodon_, n. sp., x 200 765 + +[Illustration: 1. 2. ACANTHOMETRON. 3. LITHOPHYLLIUM. 4.-6. STAURACANTHA. +7.-9. PRISTACANTHA.] + + + +PLATE 131. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order ACANTHONIDA. + +Family QUADRILONCHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Quadrilonche mesostaura_, n. sp., x 300 777 + + Fig. 2. _Quadrilonche platystaura_, n. sp., x 100 777 + + Fig. 3. _Xiphoptera dodecactena_, n. sp., x 200 778 + + The central capsule with the central part of the skeleton. + + Fig. 4. _Lonchostaurus bifurcus_, n. sp., x 300 773 + + Fig. 5. _Lonchostaurus crystallinus_, n. sp., x 400 773 + + Fig. 6. _Lonchostaurus rhomboides_, n. sp., x 200 772 + + The radial spines are completely enclosed in the rhombic + calymma, the surface of which is covered with small + plates, similar to those in the shell of the + Sphaerocapsida. + + Fig. 7. _Zygostaurus amphithectus_, n. sp., x 300 774 + + The square central capsule envelops the half skeleton. + + Fig. 8. _Zygostaurus sagittalis_, n. sp., x 300 775 + + Fig. 9. _Lithoptera tetraptera_, n. sp., x 300 779 + + Fig. 10. _Lithoptera quadrata_, n. sp., x 300 780 + + The central part of the skeleton is enclosed by the + four-lobed central capsule. + +[Illustration: 1.-3. QUADRILONCHE, 4.-6. BELONOSTAURUS, 7. 8. +LONCHOSTAURUS, 9. 10. LITHOPTERA.] + + + +PLATE 132. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Orders ACTINELLIDA ET ACANTHONIDA. + +Families ASTROLOPHIDA, ASTROLONCHIDA et AMPHILONCHIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Amphilonche lanceolata_, n. sp., x 300 783 + + Fig. 2. _Amphilonche hydrotomica_, n. sp., x 300 786 + + The spindle-shaped central capsule is filled up with small + granules. The clear calymma forms conical sheaths for + the spines, with myophriscs. + + Fig. 3. _Amphilonche diodon_, n. sp., x 300 783 + + Fig. 4. _Amphilonche concreta_, n. sp., x 100 787 + + A complete specimen with the cylindrical central capsule. + + Fig. 4_a_. Central part of the skeleton, x 400 + + Fig. 5. _Amphilonche violina_, n. sp., x 300 787 + + Fig. 6. _Amphilonche conica_, n. sp., x 300 785 + + The ellipsoidal central capsule contains numerous nuclei + and is enclosed by the calymma. The conical sheaths of + the latter include the radial spines completely and + exhibit coronets of myophriscs. + + Fig. 7. _Acantholonche amphipolaris_, n. sp., x 200 790 + + Fig. 8. _Acantholonche peripolaris_, n. sp., x 300 791 + + Fig. 9. _Amphibelone pyramidata_, n. sp., x 300 789 + + Fig. 10. _Amphibelone cultellata_, n. sp., x 400 789 + + The central capsule contains numerous spherical nuclei and + is enclosed by the hyaline calymma, which forms conical + sheaths around the spines. + + Fig. 11. _Stauracantha johannis_, n. sp., x 400 763 + + Basal part of a radial spine, exhibiting the peculiar + torsion of the basal leaf-cross and the central apex. + + Fig. 12. _Astrolophus solaris_, n. sp., x 200 732 + + Fig. 12_a_. A group of larger and smaller radial spines + united in the centre. + + Fig. 12_b_. Three isolated spines (one larger and two + smaller), x 200 + +[Illustration: 1.-6. AMPHILONCHE, 7. 8. ACANTHOLONCHE, 9.-12. AMPHIBELONE.] + + + +PLATE 133. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order SPHAEROPHRACTA. + +Families SPHAEROCAPSIDA, DORATASPIDA et PHRACTOPELTIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Phractopelta dorataspis_, n. sp., x 300 852 + + Fig. 2. _Dorypelta tessaraspis_, n. sp., x 300 858 + + Fig. 3. _Stauropelta cruciata_, n. sp., x 400 859 + + Fig. 4. _Pantopelta icosaspis_, n. sp., x 400 855 + + Meridional section through the double shell. + + Fig. 5. _Octopelta scutella_, n. sp., x 400 856 + + Proximal part of two meeting spines, isolated. + + Fig. 6. _Orophaspis furcata_, n. sp., x 400 818 + + Fig. 7. _Porocapsa murrayana_, n. sp., x 300 800 + + The central capsule is filled up by spherical vacuoles and + enclosed by the porous shell; in the centre radii of + small granules (nuclei ?) occur. + + Fig. 8. _Cannocapsa stethoscopium_, n. sp., x 300 801 + + The shell alone. + + Fig. 9. _Astrocapsa coronata_, n. sp., x 400 799 + + Middle part of one spine with the four aspinal holes. + + Fig. 9_a_. Transverse section of a radial spine, with the + four surrounding aspinal holes and the neighbouring + part of the shell, x 400 + + Fig. 10. _Astrocapsa stellata_, n. sp., x 400 799 + + Part of one spine, with the aspinal holes and their four + triangular teeth. + + Fig. 11. _Cenocapsa nirvana_, n. sp., x 200 802 + + The entire shell, with its pavement of small plates and the + twenty cruciform perspinal holes. + + Fig. 11_a_. A group of small ovate plates which compose the + shell; in each plate a dimple with a porule, x 400 + + Fig. 11_b_. A cruciform perspinal hole, seen from the face, x 400 + + Fig. 11_c_. A cruciform perspinal hole, with its four + teeth, seen in profile, x 400 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. PHRACTOPELTA, 6. OROPHASPIS, 7. POROCAPSA, 8. +CANNOCAPSA, 9. 10. ASTROCAPSA, 11. CENOCAPSA.] + + + +PLATE 134. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order SPHAEROPHRACTA. + +Family DORATASPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Dodecaspis tricincta_, n. sp., x 400 834 + + The enclosed central capsule contains numerous spherical + nuclei. + + Fig. 2. _Lychnaspis minima_, n. sp., x 400 841 + + Six-sided basal pyramid of an equatorial spine, with the + leaf-cross, seen from the centre. + + Fig. 3. _Zonaspis cingulata_, n. sp., x 400 834 + + Equatorial section through the central capsule. n, nuclei; + g, yellow bodies (intracapsular xanthellae). + + Fig. 4. _Zonaspis cingulata_, n. sp., x 800 834 + + Central pyramidal base of an equatorial spine, with the + leaf-cross. + + Fig. 5. _Stauraspis cruciata_, n. sp., x 400 831 + + Central union of the radial spines, three polar spines + being taken off. + + Fig. 6. _Lychnaspis longissima_, n. sp., x 400 841 + + Fig. 7. Lychnaspis minima, n. sp., x 400 841 + + Five-sided basal pyramid of a tropical spine, with the + leaf-cross, seen from the centre. + + Fig. 8. _Lychnaspis minima_, n. sp., x 400 841 + + Six-sided basal pyramid of a polar spine, with the + leaf-cross, seen from the centre. + + Fig. 9. _Icosaspis elegans_, n. sp., x 400 844 + + An isolated polar plate. + + Fig. 10. _Icosaspis cruciata_, n. sp., x 400 844 + + An isolated equatorial plate. + + Fig. 11, 12. _Dorataspis species_, x 100 + + Diagram of the composition of the shell of twenty plates + (and also of the central union of the basal + leaf-cross). + + Fig. 11. Oblique equatorial aspect. + + Fig. 12. Accurate polar aspect (compare p. 804, 805). + + Fig. 13. _Coscinaspis isopora_, n. sp., x 400 828 + + An isolated equatorial plate (with two aspinal and six + coronal pores). + + Fig. 14. _Coscinaspis isopora_, n. sp., x 400 828 + + Two isolated tropical plates (_b_, northern; _d_, + southern), each with two aspinal and five coronal + pores. + + Fig. 15. _Diporaspis nephropora_, n. sp., x 400 816 + + Fig. 16. _Acontaspis hastata_, n. sp., x 400 829 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. DODECASPIS, 6.-8. LYCHNASPIS, 9. 10. ICOSASPIS, +11.-14. COSCINASPIS, 15. DIPORASPIS, 16. ACONTASPIS.] + + + +PLATE 135. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order SPHAEROPHRACTA. + +Families SPHAEROCAPSIDA et DORATASPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hylaspis serrulata_, n. sp., x 300 846 + + Fig. 2. _Lychnaspis undulata_, n. sp., x 400 841 + + Fig. 3. _Lychnaspis giltschii_, n. sp., x 400 839 + + The spherical central capsule is enclosed in the shell. + + Fig. 4. _Lychnaspis rottenburgii_, n. sp., x 400 841 + + Fig. 5. _Zonaspis aequatorialis_, n. sp., x 300 834 + + Fig. 6. _Sphaerocapsa cruciata_, n. sp., x 150 798 + + The entire shell, with its twenty cruciate perspinal holes. + + Fig. 7. _Sphaerocapsa cruciata_, n. sp., x 800 798 + + Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of + the shell. + + Fig. 8. _Sphaerocapsa quadrata_, n. sp., x 800 798 + + A group of pores and dimples in the shell surface. + + Fig. 9. _Sphaerocapsa dentata_, n. sp., x 800 798 + + Insertion of one spine in the cruciate perspinal hole of + the shell. + + Fig. 10. _Sphaerocapsa pavimentata_, n. sp., x 800 798 + + Insertion of one spine in the perspinal hole of the shell, + which is composed of four cruciate aspinal holes and + surrounded by a group of dimples and pores. + +[Illustration: 1.-5. LYCHNASPIS, 6.-10. SPHAEROCAPSA.] + + + +PLATE 136. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Orders SPHAEROPHRACTA ET PRUNOPHRACTA. + +Families DORATASPIDA et BELONASPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Tessaraspis arachnoides_, n. sp., x 300 836 + + Fig. 2. _Icosaspis tabulata_, n. sp., x 200 843 + + Fig. 3. _Icosaspis icosastaura_, n. sp., x 400 846 + + Fig. 4. _Icosaspis elegans_, n. sp., x 300 844 + + Fig. 5. _Tessaraspis concreta_, n. sp., x 400 838 + + Fig. 6. _Phatnaspis cristata_, n. sp., x 400 869 + + Fig. 7. _Phatnaspis haliommidium_, n. sp., x 200 871 + + Central capsule within the shell--outline. + + Fig. 8. _Coscinaspis polypora_, n. sp., x 300 827 + + A single lattice-plate of the shell. + + Fig. 9. _Phatnaspis lacunaria_, n. sp., x 400 869 + +[Illustration: 1.-5. TESSARASPIS, 6.-9. PHATNASPIS.] + + + +PLATE 137. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order SPHAEROPHRACTA. + +Family DORATASPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Phractaspis complanata_, n. sp., x 400 809 + + Fig. 2. _Phractaspis prototypus_, n. sp., x 400 809 + + Fig. 3. _Phractaspis constricta_, n. sp., x 400 810 + + Fig. 4. _Pleuraspis horrida_, n. sp., x 400 811 + + Fig. 5. _Stauruspis stauracantha_, n. sp., x 300 832 + + Fig. 6. _Stauruspis stauracantha_, n. sp., x 600 832 + + A single spine. + + Fig. 7. _Echinaspis echinoides_, n. sp., x 300 833 + + Fig. 8. _Echinaspis echinoides_, n. sp., x 800 833 + + A single spine. + + Fig. 9. _Coscinaspis parmipora_, n. sp., x 400 827 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. PHRACTASPIS, 4. PLEURASPIS, 5. 6. STAURASPIS, 7. 8. +ECHINASPIS, 9. DORATASPIS.] + + + +PLATE 138. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order SPHAEROPHRACTA. + +Family DORATASPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Coscinaspis peripora_ (vel _Dorataspis peripora_), + n. sp., x 300 826 + + Fig. 2. _Dorataspis fusigera_, n. sp., x 400 813 + + Fig. 3. _Dorataspis micropora_, n. sp., x 300 815 + + Fig. 4. _Dorataspis typica_, n. sp., x 300 815 + + Fig. 4_a_. Polar view of the central union of the twenty + spines, x 300 815 + + Fig. 5. _Ceriaspis inermis_, n. sp., x 400 821 + + Fig. 6. _Ceriaspis favosa_, n. sp., x 400 821 + + Fig. 7. _Hystrichaspis fruticata_, n. sp., x 300 825 + + Fig. 8. _Hystrichaspis pectinata_, n. sp., x 300 822 + + Fig. 9. _Hystrichaspis furcata_, n. sp., x 400 822 + + Fig. 10. _Hystrichaspis dorsata_, n. sp., x 300 823 + + Fig. 11. _Hystrichaspis cristata_ (vel _Siphonaspis + cristata_, n. sp.), x 400 823 + +[Illustration: 1.-4. DORATASPIS, 5. 6. CERIASPIS. 7.-11. HYSTRICHASPIS.] + + + +PLATE 139. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order PRUNOPHRACTA. + +Families BELONASPIDA et HEXALSPIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Hexacolpus nivalis_, n. sp., x 300 880 + + Fig. 2. _Hexalaspis heliodiscus_, n. sp., x 300 875 + + Fig. 3. _Hexaconus ciliatus_, n. sp., x 300 876 + + Fig. 4. _Hexaconus serratus_, n. sp., x 300 877 + + _c_, Central base of an equatorial spine; _d_, central base + of a tropical spine. + + Fig. 5. _Hexaconus coronatus_, n. sp., x 300 877 + + Fig. 6. _Hexaconus velatus_, n. sp., x 300 877 + + Marginal view of the shell. + + Fig. 7. _Hexaconus vaginatus_, n. sp., x 300 877 + + Fig. 8. _Thoracaspis bipennis_, n. sp., x 300 862 + + Fig. 9. _Belonaspis datura_, n. sp., x 400 863 + +[Illustration: 1.-7. HEXALASPIS, 8. THORACASPIS, 9. BELONASPIS.] + + + +PLATE 140. + +LEGION ACANTHARIA. + +Order PRUNOPHRACTA. + +Families BELONASPIDA, HEXALASPIDA et DIPLOCONIDA. + + Fig. 1. _Diploconus amalla_, n. sp., x 300 885 + + Fig. 2. _Diploconus hexaphyllus_, n. sp., x 300 886 + + Fig. 3. _Diploconus cyathiscus_, n. sp., x 300 885 + + Fig. 4. _Diploconus cotyliscus_, n. sp., x 400 886 + + Polar view. + + Fig. 5. _Diplocolpus serratus_, n. sp., x 300 888 + + Fig. 6. _Diplocolpus cristatus_, n. sp., x 400 887 + + Fig. 7. _Diplocolpus costatus_, n. sp., x 400 887 + + Fig. 8. _Diplocolpus sulcatus_, n. sp., x 300 888 + + Fig. 9. _Diplocolpus dentatus_, n. sp., x 300 888 + + Meridional section through the centre of the shell. + + Fig. 10. _Hexacolpus infundibulum_, n. sp., x 300 881 + + Fig. 11. _Hexacolpus trypanon_, n. sp., x 300 881 + + Fig. 12. _Hexaconus echinatus_, n. sp., x 300 878 + + Fig. 13. _Coleaspis vaginata_, n. sp., x 300 866 + + Meridional section through the shell. + + Fig. 14. _Coleaspis hydrotomica_, n. sp., x 400 867 + + Fig. 15. _Hexonaspis hexapleura_, n. sp., x 400 879 + + A single spine with its thick apophyses. + + Fig. 16. Hexonaspis hastata, n. sp., x 400 879 + +[Illustration: 1.-3. DIPLOCONUS. 4.-8. DIPLOCOLPUS. 9.-12. HEXACONUS. 13. +14. COLEASPIS. 15.-16. HEXONASPIS.] + + + +* * * * * * + + + +[Illustration: Track of H.M.S. Challenger, Decr. 1872 to May 1876.] + + + + + * * * * * + + + + +Corrections made to printed text + +Plate 4, heading: 'Order BELOIDEA. Family Sphaerozoida.' corrected from +'Order LARCOIDEA. Family Tholonida.' + +Plate 22, fig. 11: 'quadricuspis' corrected from 'quadricuspsis'. + +Plate 31, fig. 9: 'distyliscus' corrected from 'dictyliscus'. + +Plate 45, fig. 11: 'maclaganium' corrected from 'maclagganium' (per text). + +Plate 66, fig. 3: 'dioscoridis' corrected from 'discoridis'. + +Plate 96, heading: 'Lithobotryida' corrected from 'Lihtobotryida'. + +Plate 105, fig. 11: 'gemmascens' corrected from 'gemmasceus' + +Plate 128, fig. 2: 'rhinocannae' (first time) corrected from 'rhinnocannae' + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT ON THE RADIOLARIA COLLECTED +BY H.M.S. CHALLENGER DURING THE YEARS 1873-1876, PLATES*** + + +******* This file should be named 44527.txt or 44527.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/4/5/2/44527 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. 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