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diff --git a/44089-h/44089-h.htm b/44089-h/44089-h.htm index 28b828b..e714ef5 100644 --- a/44089-h/44089-h.htm +++ b/44089-h/44089-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Dissertation on the Inutility of the Amputation of Limbs, by Johann Ulrich Bilguer. @@ -191,46 +191,7 @@ abbr { text-decoration: none; </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of A dissertation on the inutility of the -amputation of limbs, by Johann Ulrich Bilguer - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: A dissertation on the inutility of the amputation of limbs - -Author: Johann Ulrich Bilguer - -Translator: S. A. D. Tissot - -Release Date: November 1, 2013 [EBook #44089] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A DISSERTATION *** - - - - -Produced by Fay Dunn and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44089 ***</div> <h1>A DISSERTATION ON THE INUTILITY OF THE Amputation of Limbs.</h1> @@ -312,7 +273,7 @@ design more extensively known.</p> <p class="center">ENTITLED,</p> -<p class="center"><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Avis au Peuple sur sa Santé.</span></p> +<p class="center"><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Avis au Peuple sur sa Santé.</span></p> <p class="center">By <span class="smcap">James Kirkpatrick</span>, M. D. </p> @@ -405,13 +366,13 @@ room for doubt.</p> <p>The title of the original is, <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><em>Dissertatio inauguralis medico-chirurgica, de membrorum amputatione, rarissime administranda aut quasi -abroganda, quam, pro gradu doctoris medecinæ -et precipue chirurgiæ rite consequendo, die +abroganda, quam, pro gradu doctoris medecinæ +et precipue chirurgiæ rite consequendo, die vigesima una Martii, A. S. 1761. In alma -Regia Fridericiana speciminis loco, publicæ -eruditorum censuræ submisit</em>, <span class="smcap">Johannes Ulricus -Bilguer</span>, curia-rhœtus <em>generalis præfectus -chirurgorum exercitûs regii Borussici</em></span>.</p> +Regia Fridericiana speciminis loco, publicæ +eruditorum censuræ submisit</em>, <span class="smcap">Johannes Ulricus +Bilguer</span>, curia-rhœtus <em>generalis præfectus +chirurgorum exercitûs regii Borussici</em></span>.</p> <p>This work contains a much greater variety of matter than its title implies, for it @@ -431,7 +392,7 @@ wounds.</p> with regard to style: I hope, however, I have given his meaning, without depriving it of its perspicuity or strength. This work -will begin a new æra in Surgery, and will +will begin a new æra in Surgery, and will reach posterity. I should have been sorry in any shape to have disfigured it.</p> @@ -513,7 +474,7 @@ seems very applicable on the occasion:</p> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a><em><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Le Manuel du Chirurgien d'Armée</span></em>; or, The Art of +<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a><em><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Le Manuel du Chirurgien d'Armée</span></em>; or, The Art of methodically curing Gunshot Wounds, <abbr title="etcetera" class="silent">&c.</abbr> By L. L. M. C. Printed for Houry, at Paris. My edition is the second, published 1693.</p></div></div> @@ -864,7 +825,7 @@ by a display of eloquence.</p> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a><em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Celsus de re medica</span></em>, <abbr title="line">l.</abbr> 7. <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><abbr title="præfatio">præf.</abbr></span> Nevertheless +<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a><em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Celsus de re medica</span></em>, <abbr title="line">l.</abbr> 7. <span lang="la" xml:lang="la"><abbr title="præfatio">præf.</abbr></span> Nevertheless Mr. Dionis, in his course of operations, (<em><abbr title="Demonstration">Demonstr.</abbr> 2, <abbr title="Article">Art.</abbr> 9.</em>) acknowleges, that even the most intrepid surgeons tremble at the instant they are going to perform @@ -1256,7 +1217,7 @@ and vulnerary powder applied alternately.</p> <h3><abbr title="SECTION 12">SECT. <a class="snanchor" href="#Section_XII" name="Section_XII" id="Section_XII">XII</a></abbr>.</h3> <p>Besides the dressings I have mentioned -(<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> and <a href="#Section_XI" title="Section 11">§ XI.</a>) for these kinds of +(<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> and <a href="#Section_XI" title="Section 11">§ XI.</a>) for these kinds of wounds, we must likewise make slight scarifications upon the neighbouring parts, and sprinkle them with the powder; after this @@ -1270,7 +1231,7 @@ fomentations.</p> <h3><abbr title="SECTION 13">SECT. <a class="snanchor" href="#Section_XIII" name="Section_XIII" id="Section_XIII">XIII</a></abbr>.</h3> <p>It is in following this method only, -(<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X</a>, <a href="#Section_XI" title="Section 11">XI</a>, <a href="#Section_XII" title="Section 12">XII</a>.) that these fomentations, so +(<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X</a>, <a href="#Section_XI" title="Section 11">XI</a>, <a href="#Section_XII" title="Section 12">XII</a>.) that these fomentations, so much recommended both by the antients<span class="pagenum">[Pg 20]</span> and moderns, will be found truly serviceable and efficacious. Mr. Heister has collected @@ -1357,7 +1318,7 @@ from the sound.</p> <blockquote> <p>1. <em>Spirit of wine, three ounces; myrrh and -aloes powdered, of each half an ounce; Ægyptian +aloes powdered, of each half an ounce; Ægyptian ointment, three drams<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a>.</em></p> <p>2. <em>Vinous decoction of scordium, twelve ounces; @@ -1368,7 +1329,7 @@ and one ounce of sal ammoniac.</em></p> <p>3. <em>Lime water, four pints; treacle spirit, or that of feverfew, two pints; white wine vinegar, one pint; elixir proprietatis, six -ounces; Ægyptian ointment, two ounces.</em></p> +ounces; Ægyptian ointment, two ounces.</em></p> <p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 24]</span></p> <p>4. <em>Decoction of elder flowers, six ounces; wine, eight ounces; vinegar, camphorated @@ -1457,7 +1418,7 @@ at the end of which, the lint and vulnerary powder, with which they were filled, may be removed, and at the same time, all the detached pieces of mortified flesh may -be extracted, and the same dressings (<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X</a>, +be extracted, and the same dressings (<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X</a>, <a href="#Section_XI" title="Section 11">XI</a>, <a href="#Section_XII" title="Section 12">XII</a>.) applied, which must be renewed every twelve hours. The third or fourth dressing, the wound will discharge matter of @@ -1465,7 +1426,7 @@ a favourable aspect, so as to afford hopes of a cure: Then it will only be necessary to give the bark internally, and to dress the sore in the manner I shall mention by and -bye. <a href="#Section_XVI" title="Section 16">§ XVI.</a></p> +bye. <a href="#Section_XVI" title="Section 16">§ XVI.</a></p> <h3><abbr title="SECTION 15">SECT. <a class="snanchor" href="#Section_XV" name="Section_XV" id="Section_XV">XV</a></abbr>.</h3> @@ -1523,7 +1484,7 @@ case, and never afford any relief to wounded patients.</p></div></div> <h3><abbr title="SECTION 16">SECT. <a class="snanchor" href="#Section_XVI" name="Section_XVI" id="Section_XVI">XVI</a></abbr>.</h3> <p>I now return to the external treatment. -When the dressings described, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X</a>, +When the dressings described, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X</a>, <a href="#Section_XI" title="Section 11">XI</a>, <a href="#Section_XII" title="Section 12">XII</a>. have begun to procure a discharge of matter, the use of the vulnerary powder and oil of turpentine must be laid aside; @@ -1560,7 +1521,7 @@ must remove, at each dressing, whatever is carious, and all the splinters that can be extracted without violence; after which they may be covered with the balsam for the -bones, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> and the soft parts dressed, as +bones, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> and the soft parts dressed, as circumstances may indicate, either with dry<span class="pagenum">[Pg 29]</span> lint, or with some digestive ointment, especially that which I shall describe bye and @@ -1582,7 +1543,7 @@ examining the state of the bone, with removing such shivers as are separable, with rasping and trepanning where there may be occasion; leaving to nature, assisted by the -balsam, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> what cannot be extracted by +balsam, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> what cannot be extracted by manual assistance.</p> <p>The digestive ointment for the fleshy @@ -1764,7 +1725,7 @@ double enemy.</p> <p>It is evident, from what I have said, that while the mortification gains ground, the -method I have proposed, <a href="#Section_VII" title="Section 7">§ VII.</a> <a href="#Section_XVI" title="Section 16">XVI</a>. should +method I have proposed, <a href="#Section_VII" title="Section 7">§ VII.</a> <a href="#Section_XVI" title="Section 16">XVI</a>. should be followed. When its progress is stopt, it must be considered whether the limb can be preserved or not. We may entertain hopes<a name="FNanchor_17_17" id="FNanchor_17_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_17_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a> @@ -1788,7 +1749,7 @@ periosteum are affected, because we prick, cut or tear the periosteum without giving pain; nor, in like manner, from this symptom, ought we to neglect the medicines indicated -<a href="#Section_VII" title="Section 7">§ VII.</a> <a href="#Section_XVI" title="Section 16">XVI</a>.</p> +<a href="#Section_VII" title="Section 7">§ VII.</a> <a href="#Section_XVI" title="Section 16">XVI</a>.</p> <p>If the rottenness of the bone demonstrates that the limb cannot be saved, which almost @@ -1823,7 +1784,7 @@ to saw off the little stump of dead bone that was left. The wound may then be cicatrised, by means of epulotic applications, and such as we have recommended for bones -when laid bare, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a></p> +when laid bare, <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a></p> <p>This practice is not only conformable to sound reason, but what is more, it is confirmed @@ -1894,7 +1855,7 @@ fresh weight, in order to render it general. <span class="smcap">Tissot.</span>< <p><a name="Footnote_17_17" id="Footnote_17_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17_17"><span class="label">[17]</span></a> I shall transcribe Mr. Bilguer's own words. <em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Quo quidem loco non possumus, quin observemus, signum illud -corruptionis quod a deffectu sensûs desumi solet, per illustris +corruptionis quod a deffectu sensûs desumi solet, per illustris Halleri experimentis, quodam modo incertum redditum esse, quibus quippe evictam periosteorum insensibilitatem esse multi clarioque viri putant. Nostra de his rebus experimenta fere @@ -2192,7 +2153,7 @@ Bilguer. <span class="smcap">Tissot.</span></p></div></div> <h3><abbr title="SECTION 23">SECT. <a class="snanchor" href="#Section_XXIII" name="Section_XXIII" id="Section_XXIII">XXIII</a></abbr>.</h3> <p>It sometimes happens that these patients, -<a href="#Section_XXII" title="Section 22">§ XXII.</a> are seized with a fever, it begins +<a href="#Section_XXII" title="Section 22">§ XXII.</a> are seized with a fever, it begins with great cold, sometimes even with a chat<span class="pagenum">[Pg 48]</span>tering of the teeth, which lasts half an hour, an hour, or sometimes longer, and is @@ -2274,7 +2235,7 @@ of iron or lead, has so greatly injured the bones of the hand, arm, foot or leg, that, although they are not quite broke through, and the part suspended by a small portion of -flesh and skin, as in the former case, <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a> +flesh and skin, as in the former case, <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a> are nevertheless so much shattered that the part may be moved any way, and seems to hang useless. In these circumstances, we @@ -2296,7 +2257,7 @@ or two openings, and these artificial wounds must be made sufficiently large, to admit of the extracting of the splinters and other extraneous matters. In other respects, the -dressings must be the same as <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a> Every +dressings must be the same as <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a> Every time they are renewed, the splinters must be extracted as they become loose and can be easily separated; if there be some large @@ -2359,7 +2320,7 @@ manner: I dress the bone partly with dry lint, and partly with balsamic essences, and sometimes I throw in injections: I apply a digestive to the fleshy parts, and moisten all -the dressings with spirit of wine, as in <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ +the dressings with spirit of wine, as in <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI</a>. I check the suppuration a little, preserving, as much as possible, the boney fragments which adhere together, so as to @@ -2370,7 +2331,7 @@ with the flesh and skin: If there be any pointed splinters, I <span class="correction" title="Transcriber's Note: Originally "endeavovour".">endeavour</span> to promote their separation by proper applications, such as the balsamic essences, and different powders, -particularly that mentioned <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a></p> +particularly that mentioned <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a></p> <p>I fix the limb in its natural position, suspending the arm in a sling, or half-cylinder @@ -2384,7 +2345,7 @@ the consolidation of the larger pieces of bone, by keeping them firm in their places, and preventing the re-absorption of pus. The diet and medicines are the same -as in <a href="#Section_XXII" title="Section 22">§ XXII.</a> By this method a very great +as in <a href="#Section_XXII" title="Section 22">§ XXII.</a> By this method a very great number of wounded men have been restored to health, in two, three or four months; and some not before the expiration of eight. @@ -2403,7 +2364,7 @@ duty in the field at the very time I write this.</p></div> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_25_25" id="Footnote_25_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_25_25"><span class="label">[25]</span></a> <span class="smcap"><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Horstii</span></span> <em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">observationes medicæ</span></em>, part <abbr title="2.">ii.</abbr> <abbr title="line">1.</abbr> 4. <abbr title="observation">obs.</abbr> +<p><a name="Footnote_25_25" id="Footnote_25_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_25_25"><span class="label">[25]</span></a> <span class="smcap"><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Horstii</span></span> <em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">observationes medicæ</span></em>, part <abbr title="2.">ii.</abbr> <abbr title="line">1.</abbr> 4. <abbr title="observation">obs.</abbr> 10. Mr. de Frengler, captain lieutenant in the regiment of Anhalt Bernbourg, is an instance of a most successful cure of a wound of the leg of this kind. @@ -2417,7 +2378,7 @@ the bones being again repaired.</p></div></div> <p>Such kind of wounds, however, are not without danger; the patient is not only very liable to be seized with such a fever as -I have spoken of <a href="#Section_XXIII" title="Section 23">§ XXIII.</a> but he also runs +I have spoken of <a href="#Section_XXIII" title="Section 23">§ XXIII.</a> but he also runs a risque from the wound itself. It is true, that these two dangers, that attending the fever, and that from the wound, which I shall<span class="pagenum">[Pg 55]</span> @@ -2437,7 +2398,7 @@ Sometimes these sores are beset with swarms of maggots.</p> <p>The treatment of the fever is the same I -have described <a href="#Section_XXIII" title="Section 23">§ XXIII.</a> that of the wound, +have described <a href="#Section_XXIII" title="Section 23">§ XXIII.</a> that of the wound, in this troublesome situation, ought to be to endeavour intirely to remove the inflammation, which readily terminates in suppuration, @@ -2466,7 +2427,7 @@ wound by incisions of a convenient depth.</p> <p>The dryness and putrefaction of the wound, may be remedied by dressing it with the powder composed of sal ammoniac and -camphor, mentioned <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> and by moistening +camphor, mentioned <a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> and by moistening it afterwards with oil of turpentine; or, I cause the wounds, both the original ones,<span class="pagenum">[Pg 57]</span> and those made by the surgeon, to be dressed @@ -2476,7 +2437,7 @@ ounce spirit of turpentine, and three drams spirit of sal ammoniac</em>: Afterwards, having first applied the dressings very thin, the parts must be constantly fomented with some of -the compositions mentioned <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a></p> +the compositions mentioned <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a></p> <p>The maggots may be destroyed, by frequently shifting the bandages, linnen, cloaths, @@ -2489,7 +2450,7 @@ of aloes or vitriol. But care must be taken that the tincture of aloes does not touch the affected limb, much less the sores themselves, lest part of it should be absorbed, -and occasion a diarrhæa; although in other +and occasion a diarrhæa; although in other respects aloes powerfully resists putrefaction, and is sometimes a useful vulnerary.</p> @@ -2525,8 +2486,8 @@ in the two preceding sections, although there were bones broken and shattered, large blood vessels divided, the flesh miserably lacerated, and limbs carried off in -the manner I have described <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a> Others, -such as I have described <a href="#Section_XXIV" title="Section 24">§ XXIV.</a> in which +the manner I have described <a href="#Section_XXI" title="Section 21">§ XXI.</a> Others, +such as I have described <a href="#Section_XXIV" title="Section 24">§ XXIV.</a> in which the bones were split up as high as the articulation; all which circumstances might make us reasonably apprehend a tedious and @@ -2752,14 +2713,14 @@ which a stump might occasion<a name="FNanchor_34_34" id="FNanchor_34_34"></a><a <p>But as there can be no necessity for this operation, but in consequence of the large arteries being wounded, by following the -method I shall point out <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 35">§ XXXV.</a> it will +method I shall point out <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 35">§ XXXV.</a> it will be rendered unnecessary, and disputes concerning it may be laid aside: For it is very certain, that the most dangerous accidents even of this part, may be remedied, like those in other parts, by joining to the method of treatment I have already mentioned, the -operation I shall describe <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 35">§ XXXV.</a> providing +operation I shall describe <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 35">§ XXXV.</a> providing it be performed in time, before the patient be exhausted, and almost dying, from the effects of the hurt being too long left to @@ -2796,7 +2757,7 @@ are severely wounded near the upper part of the thigh, where the bone is shattered, so uncommon. But if any should pretend to say that there are none cured by the method -described <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 35">§ XXXV.</a> I shall only, in answer, +described <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 35">§ XXXV.</a> I shall only, in answer, produce the invalide soldiers themselves, who are at present, some in the country, others in the hospitals, whose recovery demonstrates @@ -2889,14 +2850,14 @@ in a mortification; for the skin must be treated exactly like a mortified slough, must be laid open by several deep incisions, dressed with the powder mentioned -<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> covered with a digestive ointment +<a href="#Section_X" title="Section 10">§ X.</a> covered with a digestive ointment mixed with a little essence of myrrh, and the part affected, as well as all around it, kept constantly bathed with emollient fo<span class="pagenum">[Pg 69]</span>mentations, without any ingredient, either stimulating or astringent. With regard to the shattered bones, the same method may -be followed as in <a href="#Section_XX" title="Section 20">§ XX.</a> If any of them +be followed as in <a href="#Section_XX" title="Section 20">§ XX.</a> If any of them are luxated, they must be reduced, without, however, confining them by the bandages used in ordinary luxations, and which, @@ -3126,7 +3087,7 @@ means of compresses and bandages, as in the common simple fractures: I constantly stupe the whole dressings with discutient and vulnerary fomentations<a name="FNanchor_40_40" id="FNanchor_40_40"></a><a href="#Footnote_40_40" class="fnanchor">[40]</a>, and exactly follow -the plan laid down <a href="#Section_XIV" title="Section 14">§ XIV.</a> by which means +the plan laid down <a href="#Section_XIV" title="Section 14">§ XIV.</a> by which means I have almost always happily cured contusions of this kind.</p> @@ -3138,7 +3099,7 @@ scalpel; we must make deep incisions, and<span class="pagenum">[Pg 76]</span> neglect no means proper for promoting the discussion or suppuration; and the fracture of the bone must be treated agreeably to the -method recommended <a href="#Section_XXIV" title="Section 24">§ XXIV.</a> This case +method recommended <a href="#Section_XXIV" title="Section 24">§ XXIV.</a> This case requires great vigilance in the care of it, and we find ourselves amply recompensed for our labour, by the pleasure of accomplishing @@ -3195,7 +3156,7 @@ patient was saved by it: The following lines are applicable on the occasion:</p> <p> -<em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Non est in medico semper relevetur ut æger,<br /> +<em><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">Non est in medico semper relevetur ut æger,<br /> Interdum docta plus valet arte malum.</span></em><br /> </p> @@ -3231,7 +3192,7 @@ arm carried off were brought, but the camp surgeons had previously stopt the bleeding, and applied the dressings commonly used after amputation, and we cured them afterwards -by the method mentioned in <a href="#Section_XXXI" title="Section 31">§ XXXI.</a> +by the method mentioned in <a href="#Section_XXXI" title="Section 31">§ XXXI.</a> The men wounded in this manner afford me an opportunity of inserting in this place, what I had to say with respect to the necessity of @@ -3266,7 +3227,7 @@ of the arteries be only accompanied with one in the soft parts, or whether at the same time the bone be fractured or shattered: In this last case, I should join the treatment mentioned -in this section to that of <a href="#Section_XXIV" title="Section 24">§ XXIV.</a></p> +in this section to that of <a href="#Section_XXIV" title="Section 24">§ XXIV.</a></p> <p><span class="pagenum">[Pg 80]</span></p> <p>It will here perhaps be objected, that all these means would be to no purpose, if the @@ -3613,11 +3574,11 @@ remedies. <span class="smcap">Tissot.</span></p></div> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_45_45" id="Footnote_45_45"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45_45"><span class="label">[45]</span></a> See <a href="#Section_XIII" title="Section 13">§ XIII.</a></p></div> +<p><a name="Footnote_45_45" id="Footnote_45_45"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45_45"><span class="label">[45]</span></a> See <a href="#Section_XIII" title="Section 13">§ XIII.</a></p></div> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_46_46" id="Footnote_46_46"></a><a href="#FNanchor_46_46"><span class="label">[46]</span></a> <a href="#Section_XXXII" title="Section 32">§ XXXII.</a> It is long since the bolar earths have +<p><a name="Footnote_46_46" id="Footnote_46_46"></a><a href="#FNanchor_46_46"><span class="label">[46]</span></a> <a href="#Section_XXXII" title="Section 32">§ XXXII.</a> It is long since the bolar earths have had the reputation of being useful in contusions, but this I am afraid is founded on a mistake; I have never, in any case, experienced the least effect from them that @@ -3699,7 +3660,7 @@ just pointed out, by which, contrary to the general opinion, they have been cured, have saved their limb, and used it afterwards with convenience. If we compare this with what -has been said, <a href="#Section_XXVII" title="Section 27">§ XXVII.</a> it will readily appear, +has been said, <a href="#Section_XXVII" title="Section 27">§ XXVII.</a> it will readily appear, that for the most part it is extremely wrong to amputate the limbs.</p> @@ -3869,7 +3830,7 @@ cured than wounds that are lacerated and contused, by means of a ball, grape-shot, or splinters, <abbr title="etcetera" class="silent">&c.</abbr> If the habit of body allows of any hope of curing the caries, the method -I have pointed out <a href="#Section_XX" title="Section 20">§ XX.</a> may also be +I have pointed out <a href="#Section_XX" title="Section 20">§ XX.</a> may also be practiced in this case. It is true, the limb often remains deformed after it, but this does not always happen; and frequently the @@ -3916,7 +3877,7 @@ in the case I have cited.</p></div> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_54_54" id="Footnote_54_54"></a><a href="#FNanchor_54_54"><span class="label">[54]</span></a> See <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 36">§ XXXVI.</a></p></div></div> +<p><a name="Footnote_54_54" id="Footnote_54_54"></a><a href="#FNanchor_54_54"><span class="label">[54]</span></a> See <a href="#Section_XXXV" title="Section 36">§ XXXVI.</a></p></div></div> <h3><abbr title="SECTION 40">SECT. <a class="snanchor" href="#Section_XL" name="Section_XL" id="Section_XL">XL</a></abbr>.</h3> @@ -4015,387 +3976,6 @@ the top of <a href="#page_83" title="Page 83">page 83</a>, before the sentence: “In conformity to the plan I have proposed...”.</p> </div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A dissertation on the inutility of the -amputation of limbs, by Johann Ulrich Bilguer - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A DISSERTATION *** - -***** This file should be named 44089-h.htm or 44089-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/4/0/8/44089/ - -Produced by Fay Dunn and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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