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diff --git a/44039-0.txt b/44039-0.txt index 6896a02..fbd6ed5 100644 --- a/44039-0.txt +++ b/44039-0.txt @@ -1,38 +1,4 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Hymns of the Early Church, by John Brownlie - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Hymns of the Early Church - being translations from the poetry of the Latin church, - arranged in the order of the Christian year - -Author: John Brownlie - -Release Date: October 26, 2013 [EBook #44039] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HYMNS OF THE EARLY CHURCH *** - - - - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 44039 *** _Hymns of the Early Church_ @@ -4119,359 +4085,4 @@ largely used for the dedication of churches. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Hymns of the Early Church - being translations from the poetry of the Latin church, - arranged in the order of the Christian year - -Author: John Brownlie - -Release Date: October 26, 2013 [EBook #44039] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HYMNS OF THE EARLY CHURCH *** - - - - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - - _Hymns of the Early Church_ - - - BEING TRANSLATIONS FROM THE POETRY OF THE LATIN CHURCH, ARRANGED IN - THE ORDER OF THE CHRISTIAN YEAR - - _With Hymns for Sundays and Week-Days_ - - BY THE - REV. JOHN BROWNLIE - AUTHOR OF - "HYMNS OF OUR PILGRIMAGE," ETC. ETC. - - _WITH HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES_ - - BY THE - REV. C. G. M'CRIE, D.D. - AUTHOR OF - "PUBLIC WORSHIP OF PRESBYTERIAN SCOTLAND," ETC. - - _London_ - JAMES NISBET & CO. - 21 BERNERS STREET - 1896 - - - _Printed by_ Ballantyne, Hanson & Co. - _At the Ballantyne Press_ - - - - - PREFACE - - -This volume is intended for hours of devotion, and the vast storehouse -of sacred poetry of the Latin Church has been put under tribute to -supply the material. - -If an apology should be required for the book, it may perhaps be enough -to say that, while south of the Tweed Latin hymnody has had -considerable attention paid to it, the subject has hitherto been all -but neglected in Scotland. There may be reasons for this--we believe -there are; but with these we have nothing to do here. The fact remains -that, while Anglicans can point to a long list of names worthily -associated with this department of Christian literature, including such -well-known hymnologists as Trench, Neale, and Newman, we in Scotland -have only two: Robert Campbell, author of the "St. Andrews Hymnal," and -Dr. Hamilton M'Gill, author of "Songs of the Christian Creed and Life," -with the addition of Dr. Horatius Bonar, who, besides reflecting the -spirit of the poetry of the Early Church in many of his own hymns, has -left us also a few skilful renderings of the original. The present -volume is, we believe, the first of its kind produced by Scotsmen and -Presbyterians. - -In making a selection, the translator has experienced no difficulty in -regard to the quantity and quality of material at hand; indeed, he has -laboured under an embarrassment of riches. But the choice has been made -from the best, and care has been taken to use only those hymns that -might be acceptable in point of doctrine to the most fastidious. - -It has been the aim of the translator to give the _idea_ and _spirit_ -of the Latin verses, and except in a very few instances absolute -faithfulness to the original has been observed, with as much -literalness as it is possible to give to work of this sort. - -As a rule the original measures have been retained, and only in a few -pieces, where change seemed desirable, have different measures been -adopted. - -For the original text, the following collections have been used:-- - - Daniel, H. A. _Thesaurus Hymnologicus._ 5 vols. Halle and Leipzig, - 1841-56. - Mone, F. J. _Lateinische Hymnen des Mittelalters._ 3 vols. Freiburg, - 1853-55. - Wrangham, D. S. "The Liturgical Poetry of Adam St. Victor." 3 vols. - London, 1881. - Newman, J. H. _Hymni Ecclesiæ._ Oxford and London, 1865. - Neale, J. M. _Hymni Ecclesiæ._ London, 1851. - Trench, R. C. "Sacred Latin Poetry." London, 1886. - - -The translator desires to give expression to his sense of indebtedness -to Dr. M'Crie, whose share in this work is by no means confined to the -Introduction and Notes. It was at his instigation that the task was at -first undertaken, and his help and co-operation as the work of -rendering progressed, were ungrudgingly given. - -It will be cause for thankfulness to the translator if the work of some -of the happiest hours of his life should meet with the appreciation and -approbation of his fellow-countrymen, and awaken their interest in a -department of devotional literature which has been too long neglected. - - Portpatrick, - _November_ 1895. - - - - - INDEX OF LATIN TITLES - - - PAGE - - Sundays and Week-Days-- - Die, dierum principe 3 - O nata lux de lumine 5 - Tu Trinitatis Unitas 7 - Deus Creator omnium 9 - O Deus, ego amo Te, nec 11 - Lucis Creator optime 13 - Aurora jam spargit polum 15 - Jesu, dulcis memoria 17 - O Deus, ego amo Te, nam 20 - Te lucis ante terminum 22 - Jam meta noctis transiit 23 - Labente jam solis rotâ 25 - Splendor Paternæ gloriæ 27 - Salvator mundi, Domine 30 - Christe, lumen perpetuum 32 - Nox atra rerum contegit 34 - Jam lucis orto sidere 36 - Jam sol recedit igneus 38 - - Advent-- - Christe, precamur annue 41 - In noctis umbra desides 43 - Veni, Veni, Emmanuel! 45 - - Christmas-- - Nato nobis Salvatore 49 - Puer natus in Bethlehem 52 - Heu! quid jaces stabulo 54 - Quicumque christum quæritis 57 - - Epiphany-- - Jesu, nostra Redemptio 61 - Dei canamus gloriam 63 - Deus-Homo, Rex coelorum 65 - - Passion Week-- - Vexilla Regis prodeunt 69 - Pange, lingua, gloriosi, proelium 72 - Lustra sex qui jam peregit 75 - Crux ave benedicta 78 - Horæ de Passione d. n. Jesu Christi 80 - Tu qui velatus facie 80 - Hora qui ductus tertia 81 - Crucem pro nobis subiit 82 - Beata Christi passio 82 - Qui jacuisti mortuus 83 - - Easter-- - Finita jam sunt prælia 87 - Plaudite, coeli 89 - Mortis portis fractis 91 - Alleluia, dulce carmen 93 - - Ascension-- - Æterne Rex altissime 97 - Postquam hostem et inferna 100 - Coelos ascendit hodie 102 - O Christe, qui noster poli 104 - - Whitsuntide-- - Veni, Creator Spiritus 109 - Veni, Sancte Spiritus 111 - O fons amoris, Spiritus 114 - - Trinity-- - Tu Trinitatis unitas 117 - O Pater Sancte, mitis atque pie 118 - Adesto, Sancta Trinitas 119 - - All Saints-- - Pugnate, Christe milites 123 - Audi nos, Rex Christe 125 - - Communion-- - Eja O dulcis anima 129 - O Esca viatorum 131 - Jesu, dulcedo cordium 133 - Verbum supernum prodiens 135 - - Death and Judgment-- - Gravi me terrore pulsas 139 - Appropinquat enim dies 143 - - Heaven-- - Jerusalem luminosa 149 - Urbs beata Hierusalem (Part I.) 153 - Urbs beata Hierusalem (Part II.) 154 - - - - - HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION - - -The Latin poetry of the Christian Church presents a tempting field for -the exercise of scholarship and research. The relation in which it -stands on the one hand to the classic poetry of Greece and Italy, and -on the other to the Liturgies of the Eastern Church, the placing of -accent in the room of quantity, and the rise and growth of rhyme--these -and such-like matters will always prove attractive to experts and -specialists. They are, however, quite beyond the scope of this brief -paper. Those who wish to make an exhaustive study of a subject which -has many sides and a copious literature, would do well to betake -themselves to such standard works as are noted below.[1] The general -reader may find something to profit and to interest him in the -following general survey. - -The title placed on our Saviour's cross, setting forth His -accusation--"Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews," was written in -three languages--in Hebrew and in Greek and in Latin. That collocation -of languages gives the order in which the hymnody of the Church -developed. - -Hebrew hymnody is contained for the most part in the Hebrew Psalter; -for the distinction between psalms and hymns is not one that admits of -being applied to all Hebrew poetry. Our Lord and His disciples, as they -went out to the Mount of Olives after the institution and first -observance of the Supper Sacrament, sang a portion of the Great Hallel, -which consists of Psalms cxiii. to cxviii. inclusive. Their doing so is -described in the New Testament as singing "an hymn," just as the -singing of Paul and Silas in the Philippian prison is said to be -singing hymns unto God.[2] - -In the Eastern or Greek Church hymnody was in both private and public -use from earliest times. The oft-quoted letter of the younger Pliny, -written soon after his arrival as Proconsul in the provinces of -Bithynia and Pontus, which took place in A.D. 110, informs the Emperor -that it was the practice of the Christians to meet together on a -certain day and sing antiphonally (_secum invicem_) a hymn to Christ as -their God; while the "Apostolical Constitutions," which take us back to -the life of the Church in the second or third centuries, enjoin the use -of morning and evening hymns of praise for God's beneficence by Christ. -From the ample stores of Oriental hymnology there have come into modern -collections many of their gems, thanks to the scholarship and -versifying skill of Dr. Neale, Keble, and Canon Bright. To the first -named we are indebted for such well-known renderings of Greek sacred -pieces as "Fierce was the wild billow," and, "The day is past and -over," as also for "Art thou weary, art thou languid?" From the author -of the "Christian Year" we have a beautiful English rendering of a -first or second century Greek hymn, preserved by Basil, "Hail, -gladdening Light, of His pure glory poured;" and from Canon Bright we -have the vesper or "lamplighting hymn," with its opening invocation, -"Light of gladness, Beam Divine." - -The Western Church came under Eastern influence in the matter of hymn -composition in the fourth century. The first to compose hymns in Latin -verse was Hilary of Poitiers. This theologian was banished to Phrygia -by the Emperor Constantius, because of his defence of the Nicene Creed -from the attacks of the Arian party. During the bishop's exile, his -daughter, Abra, wrote to inform him that she had been sought in -marriage, although only in her thirteenth year. This drew forth a reply -in which the father left the decision to her own choice, indicating at -the same time a personal preference for continued virginity. Enclosed -in the communication were a _hymnus matutinus_ and a _hymnus -vesperinus_. The morning hymn, beginning _Lucis largitor splendida_, is -still extant, and has been styled "the oldest authentic original Latin -song of praise to Christ as God." It is, however, more than doubtful if -the one for evening use survives; for the hymn, _Ad coeli clara non sum -dignus sidera_, given in the Benedictine edition of Hilary's works, -belongs to the sixth or seventh century, and is probably of Irish -authorship. - -Another name associated with the rise of sacred Latin poetry is that of -Ambrose, Bishop of Milan. It will ever be to the glory of this -fourth-century Father that Augustine ascribed to him his conversion, -and sought baptism at his hands. His illustrious convert tells, in the -ninth book of his "Confessions," how the bishop defended the churches -of Milan against the intrusion of Arian modes of worship, in spite of -the efforts put forth by Justina, mother of the Emperor Valentinian, to -obtain one of the basilicas for the use of the party she favoured. -Alarmed by a report that he might be removed by force, the devout -people of the city surrounded the bishop day and night, ready to die -with him rather than allow him to be apprehended. - -He, on his part, to stimulate their zeal and sustain their courage, -supplied them with hymns to sing in honour of the Trinity. "Then," -writes Augustine, "it was first instituted that, after the manner of -the Eastern churches, hymns and psalms should be sung, lest the people -should wax faint through the tediousness of sorrow; and from that day -to this the custom is retained, divers (yea, almost all Thy) -congregations throughout other parts of the world following herein." -Well nigh a hundred hymns have at one time or another passed under the -title Ambrosian, but the number of authenticated pieces is pitiably -small, not exceeding four. In that small group the _Te Deum laudamus_, -at one time ascribed to the Bishop of Milan, does not find a place. -For, as in the case of the _Gloria in Excelsis Deo_, the _Dies Iræ_, -and the _Veni, Sancte Spiritus_, the question who wrote the _Te Deum_ -has not received a final answer, if, indeed, it ever will. Of this, -however, we may be well assured, that in the time of Jerome of the -fifth century, hymns were in general use throughout the Western as in -the Eastern Church. Writing to Marcellus, that most scholarly and -erudite among the Fathers of the Latin Church assured his correspondent -"You could not go into the field but you might hear the ploughman at -his _Hallelujah_, the mower at his hymns, and the vine-dresser singing -David's Psalms." - -From the days of Hilary and of Ambrose, of Augustine and of Jerome, -onwards through the patristic period of Church history, and all down -the medieval centuries, there never failed to be a goodly succession of -hymn-writers. To mention these, however briefly, would necessitate a -violation of the limits of this essay. We refrain from attempting even -an enumeration all the more readily, because an opportunity of giving -brief biographical notices of the more outstanding contributors to the -treasures of sacred Latin poetry will occur in the following pages when -specimens of their masterpieces are submitted to the reader. - -A few sentences may be added bearing upon the hymns contained in the -service-books of the Church of Rome, and upon the relation of Latin -hymnody to the Churches of the Reformation. - -The use of hymns for purposes of private devotion preceded their -insertion in the liturgical books of the pre-Reformation Church. Up to -the seventh century the Breviaries which contained the prayers to be -offered at the canonical hours had as matter to be sung only the words -of Scripture. But the Spanish Council which met at Toledo in A.D. 633, -laid down the general principle, that if in the worship of the -sanctuary prayers may be offered in the words of uninspired men, so -also may praise be sung. From that time the Churches of Western -Christendom inserted hymns in their service-books, some of these -compositions being of earlier date, but the larger number being of more -recent times and of purely local interest. As every diocese and -religious order claimed and exercised the right to construct its own -ritual, Missal, and Breviary, there was endless variety of contents, -considerable alterations of old compositions, and a general -deterioration of quality. By the time Leo X. reached St. Peter's chair -the need for revision had become clamant. Under the direction of that -Medicean Pope, the collection of hymns in use at Rome was recast; and -ultimately the entire Breviary appeared in revised form, when Urban -VIII. was Pope, in 1631. In this revised Roman Breviary, which is now -in general use throughout the Papal communion, the hymns of earliest -composers--say from Hilary to Gregory--are for the most part allowed to -remain, although in some cases altered without real amendment; but in -the case of those pieces which could not be conformed to the laws of -correct Latinity there was an entire recasting. According to one -authority, himself a revisionist, upwards of nine hundred alterations -were made in the interests of metre, and the first lines of more than -thirty hymns were altered. The Marquis of Bute executed a translation -of the Roman Breviary in 1879, and then gave it as his deliberate -judgment that the revisers, "with deplorable taste made a series of -changes in the texts of the hymns which has been disastrous both to the -literary merit and the historical interest of the poems." - -The Breviary of Paris has been subjected to revisions in the sixteenth, -seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. The third and latest revision -was intrusted to a commission of three ecclesiastics, one of whom -belonged to the Jansenist party, while another was Charles Coffin, then -Rector of the University of Paris, who did the greater part of the work -of editing, altering, and tinkering. Under Coffin's manipulation only -twenty-one hymns of the earlier period were retained, and the number of -those from the pens of comparatively modern French writers was largely -increased. - -While all conversant with the subject will readily admit that both the -Roman and the Parisian Breviary contain some noble verses, English -versions of which are to be found in the writings of Williams, -Chandler, Mant, Caswall, and Newman, as also in "Hymns Ancient and -Modern," the conviction is both general and well-founded that the -principles and practice of liturgical revisionists have not been -favourable to the interests of purity and simplicity in the case of -ancient Latin hymnody. - -Coming now to the relation in which Latin hymnology stands to the -movement and Churches of the Reformation, it is to be noted that Luther -showed his appreciation of what was good in the Church of his childhood -when he rendered into the language of the Fatherland sixteen old hymns, -twelve of these being taken from the Latin and the remaining four from -the Old German of the Middle Ages. In his _Colloquia Mensalia_, the -sturdy Protestant is to be heard censuring Ambrose as a wordy poet, but -extolling the _Rex Christe Factor omnium_ of Pope Gregory as the best -hymn ever written. As with Luther, so with Melancthon and Zwingli and -their immediate followers. They published collections and translations -of the old Latin hymns, and they continued the use of such compositions -in their public worship to a limited extent, even after they had ceased -to employ the Latin tongue in Church services. - -It is well known, at least to Anglican clergymen, that the Church of -England Book of Common Prayer contains certain "Canticles," to be used -on Sundays and week days. Thus, after the Old Testament lesson has been -read, the rubric provides that "there shall be said or sung in English -the hymn called _Te Deum laudamus_ daily throughout the year." As an -alternative to this great Creed hymn of Western Christendom there may -be said or sung "this canticle, _Benedicite, omnia opera_," that is, -the Song of the Three Children, a part of the Greek addition to the -third chapter of Daniel, and a paraphrase or expansion of the 148th -Psalm. Then in the Ordinal of the Church of England, which provides for -"the ordering of Priests" and "the consecration of Bishops," there is a -stage at which there is to be sung or said, _Veni, Creator Spiritus_. -Of this hymn two English metrical versions are given in the Prayer Book -of 1662--that presently in use, an older and more diffuse rendering, -and one more terse and spirited, the product of Bishop Cosin. - -But it may not be generally known that many of the earliest -service-books of the Continental and Scottish Churches had hymns -appended to the Psalms in metre, some of which were versions in the -vernacular of old Latin compositions. The French Psalter, edited by -Marot in 1543, had the _Ave Maria_ along with the Decalogue, the -Belief, and the Lord's Prayer. The Dutch Psalter of 1640 had the _Te -Deum_, as well as metrical renderings of the Decalogue, the Song of -Zacharias, of Mary, of Simeon, and of Elizabeth. - -In the case of the Church of Scotland, the first edition of the Book of -Common Order, published in 1564, gave only the Psalms; but the -Bassandyne edition of the same book, published eleven years afterwards, -contained five "Spiritual Songs;" that of 1587 gave ten, while some -subsequent reprints have no fewer than fourteen. Among these, "commonly -used in the Kirke and private houses," will be found "The Song of -Simeon, called _Nunc Dimittis_," "The Song of Blessed Marie, called -_Magnificat_," and _Veni, Creator_. The English of the last named is -taken from the First Prayer Book of Edward VI., published in 1549, and -is the version of this old hymn which occurs in "The Fourme of Ordering -Priestes," the longer and older of the two renderings already referred -to. - -How it has fared with Latin hymns in Protestant service-books from -Reformation times to the present day is too wide a field of inquiry to -enter upon at the close of this brief introduction. This it is safe to -affirm, that no hymnal with any claim to completeness will be found to -omit such sacred and classic pieces as, "Brief life is here our -portion," "Come, Holy Ghost, our souls inspire," "Jerusalem the -golden," "Jesus! the very thought of Thee," "Jesus, Thou joy of loving -hearts," "O come, all ye faithful," "O Jesus, King most wonderful;" and -all these are translations or paraphrases of early Latin hymns. - -With the increase of interest in all that concerns the praise of God's -children, which is so marked a feature of recent times, there has come -an ever-growing appreciation of the grandeur and beauty, the spiritual -depth and longing wistfulness that characterise the great body of Latin -hymnology; and, as the result of this appreciation, the finest and -sweetest products are finding a larger place in quarters from which, at -no very far back point of time, they were altogether excluded. Of this -we have a striking illustration in the contents of the most recent -attempt to construct a hymnal for use in Presbyterian Churches. In the -"Draft Hymnal," prepared by a joint-committee of the three leading -denominations in Scotland, there are 557 hymns. Of these, five are -confessedly translations from the Greek, and twenty-six from the Latin. -With the Latin renderings the names of Bishop Cosin, Dryden, Sir Walter -Scott, Caswall, Chandler, Neale, and Ray Palmer stand honourably -associated. - - Ayr, _October_ 12, 1895. - - -[1]Mone's _Lateinische Hymnen des Mittelalters_; Daniel's _Thesaurus - Hymnologicus_; Tischer's _Kirchenlieder-Lexicon_; Trench's "Sacred - Latin Poetry;" Neale's "Latin Hymns and Sequences," and "Essays on - Liturgiology and Church History;" Duffield's "Latin Hymn-Writers and - their Hymns;" Roundell Palmer's "Hymns: their History and - Development in the Greek and Latin Churches, Germany, and Great - Britain;" Julian's "Dictionary of Hymnology." - -[2]Matt. xxvi. 30, hymnêsantes; Acts xvi. 25, hymnoun, A. V.--"Sang - praises unto God;" R. V.--"Were ... singing hymns unto God." - - - - - Sundays and Week Days - - - - - Sunday Morning - - - DIE, DIERUM PRINCIPE - -By Charles Coffin, born at Ardennes in 1676; Rector of the University -of Paris, 1718; died, 1749. The most of his hymns appeared in the Paris -Breviary of 1736. In that service-book this is the hymn for Sunday at -Matins. - - - I - - O day, the chief of days, whose light - Sprang from the dark embrace of night, - On which our Lord from death's grim thrall - Arose, True Light, to lighten all. - - - II - - Death trembling heard the mighty Lord, - And darkness quick obeyed His word;-- - O shame on us! our tardy will - Is slow His summons to fulfil. - - - III - - While Nature yet unconscious lies, - Come, let us, sons of light, arise, - And cheerful raise our matin lay - To chase the dark of night away. - - - IV - - While all the world around is still, - Come, and with songs the temple fill, - Taught by the saints of bygone days, - Whose words were song, whose songs were praise. - - - V - - Loud trump of Heaven, our languor shake, - And bid our slumbering spirits wake; - Teach us the nobler life, and give, - O Christ, the needed grace to live. - - - VI - - O Font of love! Our steps attend; - Those needed gifts in mercy send; - And where Thy word is heard this day, - Give Thou the Spirit's power, we pray. - - - VII - - To Father and to Son be praise, - To Thee, O Holy Ghost, always, - Whose presence still the heart inspires - With sacred light and glowing fires. - - - - - O NATA LUX DE LUMINE - -The oldest text known of this hymn is from a tenth-century MS. It is in -the Sarum Breviary (1495), also in that of Aberdeen (1509), which is -substantially that of Sarum, and one of the very few surviving -service-books of the Pre-Reformation period in Scotland. - - - I - - O Light that from the light wast born, - Redeemer of the world forlorn, - In mercy now Thy suppliants spare, - Our praise accept, and hear our prayer. - - - II - - Thou who didst wear our flesh below, - To save our souls from endless woe, - Of Thy blest Body, Lord, would we - Efficient members ever be. - - - III - - More bright than sun Thine aspect gleamed, - As snowdrift white Thy garments seemed, - When on the mount Thy glory shone, - To faithful witnesses alone. - - - IV - - There did the seers of old confer - With those who Thy disciples were; - And Thou on both didst shed abroad - The glory of the eternal God. - - - V - - From heaven the Father's voice was heard - That Thee the eternal Son declared; - And faithful hearts now love to own - Thy glory, King of heaven, alone. - - - VI - - Grant us, we pray, to walk in light, - Clad in Thy virtues sparkling bright, - That, upward borne by deeds of love, - Our souls may win the bliss above. - - - VII - - Loud praise to Thee our homage brings, - Eternal God, Thou King of kings, - Who reignest one, Thou one in three, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - TU TRINITATIS UNITAS - -Attributed by some, but with a small degree of probability, to Gregory -the Great. The hymn occurs in all the editions of the Roman Breviary, -as also in the Sarum, York, and Aberdeen Breviaries. - - - I - - O Thou Eternal One in Three, - Dread Ruler of the earth and sky, - Accept the praise we yield to Thee, - Who, waking, lift our songs on high. - - - II - - Now from the couch of rest we rise, - While solemn night in silence reigns, - And lift to Thee our earnest cries, - To give Thy balm to heal our pains. - - - III - - If in the night by Satan's guile - Our souls were lured by thought of sin; - O bid Thy light celestial smile, - And chase away the night within. - - - IV - - Purge Thou our flesh from every stain, - Let not dull sloth our hearts depress; - Nor let the sense of guilt remain, - To chill the warmth our souls possess. - - - V - - To Thee, Redeemer blest, we pray, - That in our souls Thy light may shine; - So we shall walk from day to day, - Unerring in Thy way Divine. - - - VI - - Grant it, O Father, in Thy love, - Grant it, O One-begotten Son, - Who with the Spirit reign above, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Sunday Evening - - - DEUS CREATOR OMNIUM - -By St. Ambrose, born at Lyons, Arles, or Trêves in 340; consecrated -Bishop of Milan in 374; died on Easter Eve, 397. He introduced -antiphonal chanting into the Western Church, and laid the foundation of -Church music, which Gregory systematised. - - - I - - Thy works, O God, Thy name extol, - Thou Ruler of the worlds that roll; - The day is clad in garments bright, - And grateful sleep pervades the night, - - - II - - That weary limbs from labour free, - By rest for toil prepared may be; - And jaded minds awhile forget - The anxious thoughts that pain and fret. - - - III - - Fast fades the sunlight in the west; - Thy hand we own our day hath blessed; - Now from the accuser's power we flee, - And lift our prayers in song to Thee. - - - IV - - O Thou hast stirred our hearts to sing, - Hast tuned the praise our voices bring; - From earth's vain loves our love hast won, - Hast lured our thoughts that heavenward run. - - - V - - So, when the rayless gloom of night - Hath quenched in dark the expiring light, - Faith waves the ebon clouds away, - And dark is light, and night is day. - - - VI - - That sin may ne'er an entrance make, - May slumber ne'er our souls o'ertake; - Faith, wakeful, keeps the soul secure, - And sleep is sweet, and deep, and pure. - - - VII - - The mind from sin's enticements free, - O let our dreams be thoughts of Thee; - And by no envious foe oppressed, - Vouchsafe to Thy beloved rest. - - - - - O DEUS, EGO AMO TE, NEC AMO TE, UT SALVES ME - -Attributed to Francis Xavier. Born at the Castle Xavier, near -Pampeluna, Spain, in 1506; graduated at the Paris University, where he -became acquainted with Ignatius Loyola; as a Jesuit missionary visited -India, Travancore, Ceylon, Malacca, and Japan; died, when near Canton, -in 1552. The original of this hymn is supposed to be a Spanish sonnet. -All that can be said of the Latin version is that it is probably by -Xavier, or by some German Jesuit, and is at least as early as 1668. - - - I - - O God, I love Thee, not alone - Because Thou savest me, - And those who love not in return - Are lost eternally. - - - II - - Thou art mine own, O Christ; Thine arms - Embraced me on the Cross; - Thou didst endure the nails, the spear, - The bitter shame and loss. - - - III - - O sorrows numberless were Thine, - And all were borne for me-- - The bloody sweat, the cruel death - Of bitter agony. - - - IV - - Why, therefore, should I love Thee now, - O Jesus, ever blest? - Not lest in hell my soul be cast, - Not that in heaven it rest. - - - V - - No other hope my love inspires, - And wins my heart for Thee-- - I only love Thee, Christ, my King, - Because Thou lovest me. - - - - - LUCIS CREATOR OPTIME - -By Gregory, surnamed the Great, born at Rome about 540; succeeded -Pelagius in the Papal Chair, 590; sent Augustine on a mission to -Britain in 596; died in 614. He ranks among the Four Latin Doctors, and -because of the services he rendered to the ritual of the Church, he was -styled _Magister Cæremoniarum_. The Gregorian tones or chants are the -fruit of his study of sacred music. - - - I - - Thou, blest Creator of the light, - From whom the day its splendour brings, - Thy word the earth to beauty woke, - When light came forth on glowing wings. - - - II - - The circle of the day is Thine, - The morn, and night in one are bound;-- - O hear our earnest prayer as now - The gloomy shades are gathering round; - - - III - - O free our souls from guilty stains, - That we Thy favour still may know; - And let no thought the mind possess, - To bind the heart to earth below. - - - IV - - That we may beat at heaven's fair gate, - Where safely stored our treasure lies, - Purge us from every filthy stain, - Teach us all evil to despise. - - - V - - Hear us, O Holy Father, hear, - And Thou the Everlasting Son, - Who with the Holy Spirit reign'st - While the eternal ages run. - - - - - Monday Morning - - - AURORA JAM SPARGIT POLUM - -Placed by Duffield in a class which contains hymns formerly called -Ambrosian, but now known to be the work of other hands. George -Cassander, the liberal Catholic collector (1556), writes "Incognitus -auctor" after the hymn, which has a place in several old Hymnaria, such -as the Durham, the Cottonian, and the Harleian. - - - I - - Now daylight floods the morning sky, - And earthward glides the approaching day, - The dancing rays of sunlight chase - The gathered fears of night away. - - - II - - Hence dreams that cloud the soul! away, - Ye terrors grim of midnight born! - Whate'er the dark of night hath bred, - Die in the light that greets the morn! - - - III - - So when the day eternal breaks,-- - That day for which our spirits long,-- - Its light may fall to bless our souls, - E'en while we raise our morning song. - - - IV - - To God the Father throned in heaven, - To Christ the one begotten Son, - And to the Holy Ghost be praise, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Monday Evening - - - JESU, DULCIS MEMORIA - -Generally, and there seems little reason to doubt correctly, ascribed -to Bernard of Clairvaux. Born in 1091 at his father's castle near Dijon -in Burgundy; died, 1153. The monk of Citeaux, the first Abbot of -Clairvaux, the Papal controversialist and the preacher of the Second -Crusade, is better known in our day as the author of a hymn regarded by -many as the sweetest and most Evangelical in mediæval hymnody. The poem -from which the hymn is taken consists of nearly fifty quatrains on the -name of Jesus, known as the Joyful Rhythm of St. Bernard. In the Roman -Breviary three hymns are taken from the Rhythm, Jesu dulcis memoria, -Jesu Rex Admirabilis, and _Jesu decus angelicum_. - - - I - - O Jesus, when I think of Thee, - True gladness fills my heart; - But joy unspeakable 'twill be - To see Thee as Thou art. - - - II - - O blessed name! No note more sweet, - No music so divine; - Its charms the dearest fancies greet - That with my memory twine. - - - III - - To those who come with sin confessed, - Thy name their hope inspires; - And every needy soul is blessed, - And granted all desires. - - - IV - - To those who seek, ah! Thou art found - Far more than all desire-- - A living fount whose streams abound, - A flame of heavenly fire. - - - V - - What tongue can e'er the charm express? - What words its beauty show? - For Thy dear name's sweet loveliness - No heart can ever know. - - - VI - - Who only taste the heavenly bread, - They hunger for the feast; - Who drink of Christ, the Fountainhead, - But find their thirst increase. - - - VII - - O Jesus, to my fainting heart - When wilt Thou come to speak? - O, when to me Thy bliss impart, - And more than I can seek? - - - VIII - - O I will feed and hunger still, - O I will drink and pine - Till Thou my famished spirit fill - With that blest name of Thine. - - - - - Tuesday Morning - - - O DEUS, EGO AMO TE, NAM PRIOR TU AMASTI ME - -Credited by many to the composer of the hymn which opens with -identically the same line, but proceeds quite differently. It is, -however, doubtful if this is the composition of Xavier; more probably -it is the breathing of desire on the part of some now unknown German -Jesuit of the seventeenth century. - - - I - - My heart goes forth in love to Thee, - O God, who first hast lovèd me; - My freedom, lo, I lay aside, - Thy willing slave whate'er betide. - - - II - - May memory ne'er a thought suggest, - That comes not forth at Thy behest; - And may the mind no wisdom know, - That God all wise doth not bestow. - - - III - - May nothing be desired by me, - Save what I know is willed by Thee; - And what of Thine I e'er attain, - I render back to Thee again. - - - IV - - Take what Thou gavest--all is Thine; - Dispose as suits Thy will divine; - Rule, Lover of my soul; I rest - In Thy blest will who knowest best. - - - V - - That I may love Thee as I will, - O let Thy love my bosom fill; - This gift alone endureth aye-- - All else are dreams that flit away. - - - - - Tuesday Evening - - - TE LUCIS ANTE TERMINUM - -Sometimes ascribed to St. Ambrose. It is found in eleventh-century -_Hymnaria_ of the English Church, and in the Breviaries of Rome, Paris, -Sarum, York, and Aberdeen, generally as a hymn at Compline. - - - I - - Maker of the world, we pray, - Ere the dark of night surround us, - Let Thy love beside us stay, - Throw protecting arms around us. - - - II - - Phantoms of the night away! - Let no evil dream affect us; - Pure as falls the light of day, - From the taint of sin protect us. - - - III - - Hear us, Father, when we cry; - Hear us, Christ, Thy grace extending; - Hear us, Spirit, throned on high, - Three in one, through years unending. - - - - - Wednesday Morning - - - JAM META NOCTIS TRANSIIT - -This morning hymn is one of four attributed to St. Hilary. Born at -Poitiers early in the fourth century; became bishop of his native town -about 350; died 13th January 368. His saint's day (which gives name to -Hilary Term in English law courts) is celebrated on 14th January, in -order not to trench upon the octave of the Epiphany. - - - I - - Gone are the shades of night, - The hours of rest are o'er; - New beauties sparkle bright, - And heaven is light once more. - - - II - - To Thee our prayers shall speed, - O Lord of light divine; - Come to our utmost need, - And in our darkness shine. - - - III - - Spirit of love and light, - May we Thine image know, - And in Thy glory bright, - To full perfection grow. - - - IV - - Hear us, O Father blest, - Hear us, O Christ the Son, - And Comforter the best, - Now, and till life is done. - - - - - Wednesday Evening - - - LABENTE JAM SOLIS ROT - -By Charles Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ Chandler's translation, beginning, -"And now the sun's declining rays," is for "Ninth Hour, or three in the -afternoon," of Sunday. In "Hymns Ancient and Modern" Chandler's -rendering is given as an evening hymn, and with considerable -alterations, the first line being, "As now the sun's declining rays" -(_No. 12_). - - - I - - Now sinks the glowing orb of day, - And silent night comes on apace; - So gains our life the appointed goal, - That marks the limit of our race. - - - II - - O Christ, uplifted on the Cross! - Thine arms were stretched towards the sky; - Grant us with love that Cross to seek, - And folded in those arms to die. - - - III - - Now to the Father throned on high, - And unto Christ His only Son, - And to the Spirit, glory be, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Thursday Morning - - - SPLENDOR PATERNÆ GLORIÆ - -This morning hymn is the complement of _Æterne rerum Conditor_, and, -like it, almost indisputably by St. Ambrose. Its use was generally for -Matins or Lauds on Monday; by some monastic orders it was used daily. - - - I - - From the Father's throne descending, - Light from out the realms of light; - Font of light, all light transcending, - Brighter day in day most bright. - - - II - - Shine, True Light, in radiant brightness, - Flashing forth perpetual ray; - May Thy Spirit's searching lightness, - Fill our souls with endless day. - - - III - - Father, come we humbly bending,-- - Father of Almighty grace, - Who hast glory never ending, - Banish every sinful trace. - - - IV - - When to do Thy will inclining, - Quell for us the tempter's wrath; - Ne'er in trial's hour repining, - Lead us in the upward path. - - - V - - May Thy rule our minds enlighten; - Let no sin our lives defile; - Fervent faith our spirits brighten, - Knowing nought of fraud or guile. - - - VI - - Christ, the Bread of Life bestowing, - Faith our daily cup shall fill; - Draughts of joy for ever flowing, - Drink we from the Spirit's rill. - - - VII - - Thus our life in beauty gliding-- - Purity like dawn of day, - Faith like sun at noon abiding, - Eve that knows no twilight grey. - - - VIII - - Forth in beauty rides the Morning-- - Be Thy glory on us poured; - Son, the Father's love adorning, - Father in th' Eternal Word. - - - - - Thursday Evening - - - SALVATOR MUNDI, DOMINE - -Author unknown. Found in the _Hymnaria_ of Sarum, and York, also in the -Sarum, York, Hereford, and Aberdeen Breviaries. Used at Eton in Latin -original at evening service until about 1830. - - - I - - Thou who hast led our steps this day, - Blest Saviour of the world, we pray, - Through all the night Thy care extend, - And save us to our journey's end. - - - II - - Be present with us, Lord, who wait, - And lift our cry at mercy's gate; - Take all our load of sin away, - And change our darkness into day. - - - III - - Free Thou our minds from careless sleep, - Our souls from sin's allurements keep; - And may our flesh from every stain, - All pure, we pray Thee, still remain. - - - IV - - To Thee of purity the spring, - Our prayers ascend on soaring wing; - Hear Thou our cry, and with the morn - May purity our souls adorn. - - - V - - Glory be unto God always, - To Christ the Son eternal praise; - Glory to God the Spirit be, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - Friday Morning - - - CHRISTE, LUMEN PERPETUUM - -By Magnus Felix Ennodius, born at Arles about 473; became Bishop of -Pavia about 514; died, 521; buried on 17th July of that year, which day -is observed as his festival by the Roman Church. - - - I - - Christ, the light that shines eternal,-- - Light that gilds the rolling spheres, - Dawn upon our night, and keep us - Pure as light when day appears. - - - II - - Let no gin of Satan snare us, - Let no enemy oppress; - Wakeful aye with garments spotless, - May we walk life's wilderness. - - - III - - Keep our hearts in Thy safe keeping, - Be Thy flock Thy special care; - In Thy fold in mercy tend them, - Guard their footsteps everywhere. - - - IV - - And our souls shall sing triumphant - When Thy light our eyes shall see, - And the vows we owe are rendered, - God, the great Triune, to Thee. - - - - - Friday Evening - - - NOX ATRA RERUM CONTEGIT - -This hymn is classed by Duffield under the heading "Ambrosian," which -includes compositions of Gregory and other authors. Mone gives it as -probably by St. Gregory. - - - I - - Dark night has drawn her curtain round, - And hid earth's hues in gloom profound; - Now contrite at Thy feet we fall, - And make request, Thou Judge of all, - - - II - - That Thou wouldst hide the guilt of sin, - And throughly purge our hearts within-- - O Christ, dispense Thy grace, we pray, - To keep us guiltless day by day. - - - III - - The awakened conscience, sore oppressed - By thought of sin all unconfessed, - Yearns in the gloom, to cast her load - At Thy blest feet, Redeemer, God. - - - IV - - Dispel the darkness, Lord, we pray, - That in our mind holds dismal sway; - Send forth Thy light, and bid us rest - In Thy calm peace, for ever blest. - - - - - Saturday Morning - - - JAM LUCIS ORTO SIDERE - -Frequently ascribed to Ambrose, but not by his Benedictine editors. A -rendering of it by Dr. Neale is one of the morning hymns in "Hymns -Ancient and Modern," "Now that the daylight fills the sky" (No. 4); but -the rendering has been considerably altered by the editors. - - - I - - See in the east the morn arise; - Seek, wingèd prayer, the glowing skies; - Bring help from Heaven, that all our way - Be pleasing to our God this day. - - - II - - May He restrain from words of sin; - For bitter strife give calm within; - Veil from our eyes the garish light, - That lures the soul to darkest night. - - - III - - Pure may our inmost heart remain - From evil thoughts and fancies vain; - And may the curb our flesh control, - That drags to earth the aspiring soul. - - - IV - - So, when the last stray beams of light - Shall fade before the return of night, - Kept in the path our feet have trod, - We shall give glory to our God. - - - V - - To God the Father, throned in heaven, - To Christ, the one begotten Son, - And to the Holy Ghost be praise, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Saturday Evening - - - JAM SOL RECEDIT IGNEUS - -A recast of _O Lux beata Trinitas_, one of twelve hymns the Benedictine -editors regard as undoubtedly the work of St. Ambrose, and which, in -the older Breviaries, was used at Vespers on Saturday. - - - I - - Now sinks the fiery orb of day-- - O One in Three, Eternal Light, - O Three in One, for ever bright, - Shine in our darkened minds, we pray. - - - II - - When morning breaks, our songs we raise; - When evening falls, we still adore; - When morn and eve shall come no more, - In mercy grant us still to praise. - - - III - - All praises to the Father be, - All praise to the Eternal Son, - And to the Spirit, Three in One, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - _Advent_ - - - - - CHRISTE, PRECAMUR ANNUE - -By Ennodius, Bishop of Pavia. _(_See p. 32._)_ - - - I - - To Thee, O Christ, our prayers shall rise, - With tears of sorrow blending; - Come for our help Thou Holy One, - On our dark night descending. - - - II - - Our hearts shall find their rest in Thee, - And e'en in dreams shall praise Thee; - And with each rising of the sun, - Anew their songs shall raise Thee. - - - III - - Impart a noble life, and may - Our spirit's warmth be heightened. - Bid night depart, and with Thy love, - O may our lives be brightened. - - - IV - - In hymns we pay our vows to Thee: - At vesper-hour we pray, - Erase the writing we have made, - Thine own let stand for aye. - - - - - IN NOCTIS UMBRA DESIDES - -By Charles Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ - - - I - - When evening shades around us close, - And bound in sleep our limbs repose, - The watchful soul, from slumber free, - Shall breathe its earnest prayer to Thee. - - - II - - Desire of Nations, Word of God, - Thou Saviour of the World abroad, - Hear Thou our mournful prayer at length, - And raise the fallen by Thy strength. - - - III - - Be near, Redeemer; by Thy grace - Forgive our erring sinful race, - Bound in the prison-house of sin-- - O, open heaven and lead us in. - - - IV - - O Thou who cam'st to set us free, - To Thee, the Son, all praises be; - To Father, Spirit, Three in One, - While the eternal ages run. - - - - - VENI, VENI, EMMANUEL! - -An antiphon. The term denotes a short versicle said at the beginning -and close of a psalm or psalms in the Breviary Offices. This antiphon -is by an unknown author. Dr. Neale, who supposes it to be of -twelfth-century date, published a translation of it in 1851, beginning, -"Draw nigh, draw nigh, Emmanuel," an altered version of which occurs in -"Hymns Ancient and Modern" as an Advent hymn, with first line altered -to, "O come, O come, Emmanuel" (No. 36). - - - I - - Emmanuel, come! we call for Thee; - Come, set Thy captive Israel free, - Who, sore at heart, in exile wait - Their absent Lord, who tarries late. - Joy, joy, Emmanuel shall be born - For thee, O Israel, forlorn. - - - II - - Come, Root of Jesse! for our foes - In cruel snare our souls enclose; - Bring us, we pray, from hell's dark cave, - From gulf profound Thy people save. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - III - - Come, come, O Harbinger of day! - Cheer Thou our hearts with heavenly ray, - Dispel the clouds of night that roll, - The dark of death that fills the soul. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - IV - - Come, Key of David! in Thy might - Unlock for us the realms of light; - Make safe the path that upward tends, - Close Thou the way that downward wends. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - V - - Come, come, O Thou Almighty Lord! - From Sinai once went forth Thy word, - When in the midst of eddying flame, - Thou didst Thy law in might proclaim. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - - - _Christmas_ - - - - - NATO NOBIS SALVATORE - -By Adam of St. Victor. A native of either Britain or Brittany, probably -the latter; educated at Paris; became, about 1130, a monk in the Abbey -of St. Victor, then in the suburbs, afterwards absorbed in the city of -Paris; there he passed the remainder of his life, and died somewhere -between the years 1172 and 1192. In liturgical services the Gradual or -Antiphon, sung between the Epistle and Gospel, ended on festival days -with the word _Alleluia_. The final syllable of this vocable was -prolonged in a number of musical notes called sequentia, and by the -ninth century it became common to adapt words to these notes, which -words are now called "sequences." Adam of St. Victor was one of the -most voluminous composers of this kind of sacred Latin verse. - - - I - - Let us tune our hearts and voices-- - All creation wide rejoices, - For a Saviour has been born; - Given to man, his weakness wearing, - Dwelling with the sad despairing, - Light and health our life adorn. - - - II - - From the midst of Eden's gladness - Came the dower of death and sadness, - But the Saviour's life is ours. - Banished now are death and sorrow; - Life and joy from Christ we borrow, - More dwelt in Eden's bowers. - - - III - - From the height of heaven above us, - God looked down on earth to love us, - And He sent His only Son. - Now no more His face concealing, - Bridegroom like, His grace revealing, - Came He forth His work begun. - - - IV - - Swift and strong, a giant glorious, - O'er our death He came victorious, - Girt with power His course to run. - Came he forth salvation willing, - Law and prophecy fulfilling, - Till the task assayed is done. - - - V - - Jesus, who hast brought salvation, - Healing balm for every nation, - Thou our glory art and peace. - Praise Thy glorious deeds shall mention, - Who in humble condescension, - Cam'st Thy servants to release. - - - - - PUER NATUS IN BETHLEHEM - -The oldest form of this Christmas carol is found in a Benedictine -Processional belonging to the beginning of the fourteenth century. - - - I - - Zion is glad this glorious morn: - A babe in Bethlehem is born. - - - II - - See where He lies in manger low, - Whose kingly reign no end shall know. - - - III - - The ox and ass that filled the stall, - Knew that the babe was Lord of all. - - - IV - - Out from the east the sages bring - Their treasures for an offering. - - - V - - They humbly seek the lowly place, - And worship there the King of grace: - - - VI - - The Son of God, who made the earth, - A virgin mother gave Him birth. - - - VII - - No poison from the serpent stains - The human blood that fills His veins; - - - VIII - - And though our flesh He meekly wears, - No mark of sin His nature bears; - - - IX - - That He might man to God restore, - And give the grace that once He wore. - - - X - - Come while our hearts are full of mirth - And bless the Lord of lowly birth. - - - XI - - The Holy Trinity we'll praise, - And give our thanks to God always. - - - - - HEU! QUID JACES STABULO, OMNIUM CREATOR? - -By Jean Momboir, with Johannes Mauburnus for the Latin, and John -Mauburn for the English form of his name. Born in 1460 at Brussels; a -Canon Regular of the Brethren of the Common Life in the Low Countries; -died Abbot of the Cloister of Livry, not far from Paris, in 1502 or -1503. In his large work, the "Spiritual Rose-garden," there is a rosary -on the birth of Christ, consisting of thirteen stanzas, which commence, -_Eja, mea anima, Bethlehem eamus_. The hymn beginning as above consists -of three stanzas taken from that poem. The detached stanzas passed into -many of the older German hymn-books, met with great favour in the early -Reformed Churches, so long as the practice of singing Latin -compositions survived among them, and still retain a place in some -German hymnals in an old translation, with for opening line, _Warum -liegt im Krippelein_. - - - I - - (_Loquitur peccator_) - - Wherefore in the lowly stall, - O Thou great Creator, - Dost Thou raise Thine infant call, - Glorious Renovator? - Where Thy purple if a King? - Where the shouts Thy subjects bring? - Where Thy royal castle? - Here is want with all her train, - Poverty proclaims her reign-- - These Thy court and vassal. - - - II - - (_Jesus respondit_) - - Hither, by My love impelled, - Have I come to save thee; - Sin has long thy nature held, - Powerful to enslave thee. - By My emptiness and woe, - By the grace that I bestow, - Do I seek to fill thee. - By My humble, lowly birth, - By this sacrifice on earth, - Blessing great I will thee. - - - III - - (_Laudant fideles_) - - Songs of praise, ten thousand songs, - Sing I will and laud Thee; - For such grace my spirit longs, - Ever to applaud Thee. - Glory, glory let there be, - Lover of mankind to Thee, - In the heaven supernal. - Let this testimony fly - Over earth, and sea, and sky, - Borne by songs eternal. - - - - - QUICUMQUE CHRISTUM QUÆRITIS - -This hymn for the Epiphany forms part of a larger one of very complex -authorship, known as _A solis ortûs cardine, Et usque terræ limitem_. -This portion of that Christmas hymn has by some been assigned to St. -Ambrose, but by a majority of judges to Prudentius, "the Horace and -Virgil of the Christians," in the estimate of the scholarly Bentley. -Aurelius Prudentius, Clemens, or the Merciful, was born in 348, -somewhere in the north of Spain. After filling various secular offices -he retired, in his fifty-seventh year, into private life, and devoted -himself to the composition of sacred verse. He died circa 413, but -where we are not told. - - - I - - O ye who seek the Lord, come nigh, - To heaven uplift your reverent eyes, - The Royal Banner of our God - Is blazoned on the midnight skies. - - - II - - Brighter than when the sun at noon - Pours forth its radiance on the earth, - See yonder star its glory sheds, - And tells to man the Saviour's birth. - - - III - - O wisdom seeks the lowly stall, - And takes the guidance of the star, - To worship where the Incarnate lies, - And offer gifts from lands afar: - - - IV - - With incense, worships the Divine, - With gold, a kingly tribute pays, - And at the feet of God made Man, - The myrrh in sweet profusion lays. - - - V - - O Bethlehem, city ever blest! - What honour more could come to thee? - The cradle of the Incarnate God, - Who came to set His Israel free! - - - VI - - O Jesus, to the world revealed! - To Thee let glory ever be, - To Father and to Holy Ghost, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - _Epiphany_ - - - - - JESU, NOSTRA REDEMPTIO - -Probably of the seventh or eighth century. Found in three MSS. of the -eleventh century in the British Museum Library; also in the old Roman, -Sarum, York, and Aberdeen Breviaries. Chandler's rendering of this fine -hymn--"O Christ, our hope, our heart's desire," and which is to be -found in most collections, is the hymn for Evensong on Ascension Day in -that author's "Hymns of the Primitive Church." - - - I - - Thou our Redeemer art, O Christ, - Our heart's desire, our fervent love; - Creator of the worlds, Thou cam'st - To wear our flesh, from heaven above. - - - II - - 'Twas love that brought Thee to our aid, - To bear the burden of our woe, - To bow the head in shameful death, - And life, immortal life, bestow. - - - III - - Asunder burst the bands of hell, - The captives hailed the glorious day; - And by Thy mighty triumph crowned, - Thou art at God's right hand for aye. - - - IV - - O may Thy mercy still abound, - That, by the goodness of Thy grace, - We daily o'er our sin may rise, - And see the beauty of Thy face. - - - V - - Spring of our joy, be Thou, O Christ; - Our great reward, hereafter be; - And while the endless ages run, - Our praises shall be all of Thee. - - - - - EI CANAMUS GLORIAM - -By C. Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ - - - I - - Now let us tune our hearts to sing - The glory of the Almighty King; - His hand unrolled the spacious skies, - Whose beauty lures our wondering eyes. - - - II - - There are the clouds with treasure rare, - Slow floating in the higher air, - Whence come the soft refreshing showers, - To bless the springing of the flowers. - - - III - - Rich is the treasure of Thy grace, - Prepared for us who seek Thy face; - It falls from clouds that earthward roll, - And penetrates the inmost soul. - - - IV - - And faithful hearts that thirsting pine, - Drink deeply of the draught divine, - And with an heavenly impulse rise, - To greet the sunlight in the skies. - - - V - - O happy souls that evermore - Drink of the bliss Thou hast in store; - May grateful love responsive flow - To all the love Thou dost bestow. - - - VI - - Now, glory to the Three in One, - To God the Father, God the Son, - And to the Spirit, one in Three, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - DEUS-HOMO, REX COELORUM - -By Bishop Marbodus. Born in Anjou, 1035; successively Archdeacon of -Angers and Bishop of Rennes; died in 1125. Was author of a poem _De -Gemmis_, which gives a mystical explanation of precious stones much in -favour in the Middle Ages. - - - I - - King of heaven, our nature wearing, - Pity lend the sad despairing; - 'Neath the sway of sin repining, - Formed from dust, to dust declining-- - Tottering in our ruined state, - Strengthen by Thy goodness great. - - - II - - What is man from sin descending? - Child of death, all woes attending. - What is man? a worm that clingeth - To the earth from which he springeth. - Wilt Thou forth Thine anger bring, - On a weak, defenceless thing? - - - III - - Shall not man, who earthward tendeth, - Look to God, who mercy sendeth? - 'Twere a task most unbefitting, - God o'er man in judgment sitting-- - Yet should God in judgment speak, - Where shall man an answer seek? - - - IV - - As the shadow quickly flying, - Faint our life and sure our dying; - As the cloud by tempest driven, - As the grass cut down at even;-- - King of heaven, in mercy great, - Pity the disconsolate. - - - - - _Passion Week_ - - - - - VEXILLA REGIS PRODEUNT - -By Venantius Fortunatus. Born in the district of Treviso, Italy, about -530. In 565 he made a pilgrimage to the shrine of St. Martin at Tours, -and spent the remainder of his years in Gaul. Through the influence of -his friend Queen Rhadegunda, Fortunatus became Bishop of Poitiers in -597. Some place his death in the year 609. Fortunatus must have been an -author of great industry and versatility. He wrote the life of St. -Martin in four books, containing 2245 hexameter lines; he threw off in -profusion vers de societé when wandering from castle to cloister in -Gaul; and he composed a volume of hymns for all the festivals of the -Christian year, which is now unhappily lost. This is his best known -hymn, Dr. Neale's translation of which is inserted for the Fifth Sunday -in Lent, otherwise called Palm Sunday, in "Hymns Ancient and Modern" -_(No. 84)_. - - - I - - See the Royal banners - Wave across the sky, - Bright the mystic radiance, - For the Cross is nigh; - And He who came our flesh to wear, - The Christ of God, was wounded there. - - - II - - Deep the cruel spear thrust, - By the soldier given; - Blood and water mingle, - Where the flesh is riven; - To cleanse our souls the crimson tide - Leapt from the Saviour's riven side. - - - III - - In the distant ages - Zion's harp was strung, - And the faithful saw Him, - While the prophet sung; - Now Israel's Hope the nations see, - For Christ is reigning from the tree. - - - IV - - Tree of wondrous beauty, - Tree of grace and light, - Royal throne to rest on, - Decked with purple bright; - The choice of God, this royal throne - Whence Christ, the King, should rule His own. - - - V - - See the branches drooping! - Laden, see they sway! - For the price of heaven - On those branches lay; - Ah! great the price, that price was paid, - By Him on whom the debt was laid. - - - - - PANGE, LINGUA, GLORIOSI, PROELIUM CERTAMINIS - -This, "one of the first of the Latin mediæval hymns," has been credited -to St. Hilary. It has also been ascribed to Claudianus Mamertus, who -died in 474. But by the majority of authorities it is regarded as the -composition of Fortunatus, and ranks next to the _Vexilla Regis -prodeunt_ in their estimate. A rendering of it by Keble will be found -in his "Miscellaneous Poems," beginning, "Sing, my tongue, of glorious -warfare," which is Dr. Neale's "Sing, my tongue, the glorious battle," -in a somewhat altered form. - - - I - - Tell, my tongue, the glorious conflict, - Crowned with victory nobly won;-- - More than all the spoil of battle, - Praise the triumph of God's Son; - How by death the crown of conquest - Graced Him when the strife was done. - - - II - - Grieving sore o'er Eden's sorrow - When our race in Adam fell; - And the fatal fruit he tasted, - Welcomed sin, and death, and hell; - God ordained a tree in Zion, - Eden's poison to dispel. - - - III - - In the work of our Redemption - Wisdom met the tempter's foils;-- - On the ground he claimed, the Victor - Fought, and bore away the spoils; - And the bane became the blessing, - Freedom sprang amid his toils. - - - IV - - From the bosom of the Father, - Where He shared the regal crown, - At the time by God appointed, - Came the world's Creator down-- - God incarnate, born of Virgin, - Shorn of glory and renown. - - - V - - List! the voice of infant weeping, - Cradled where the oxen stand, - And the Virgin mother watches, - Tending Him with loving hand,-- - Hands and feet of God she bindeth, - Folding them in swaddling band. - - - VI - - Blessing, blessing everlasting, - To the glorious Trinity; - To the Father, Son, and Spirit, - Equal glory let there be; - Universal praise be given, - To the Blessed One in Three. - - - - - LUSTRA SEX QUI JAM PEREGIT - -By some attributed to St. Ambrose, but generally and with greater -probability to Fortunatus. There is an imitation of this hymn in -English by Bishop Mant, beginning, "See the destined day arise!" one of -the Passion hymns in "Hymns Ancient and Modern" _(No. 99)_. - - - I - - Thirty years by God appointed, - And there dawns the woeful day, - When the great Redeemer girds Him - For the tumult of the fray; - And upon the cross uplifted, - Bears our load of guilt away. - - - II - - Ah! 'tis bitter gall He drinketh, - When His heart in anguish fails;-- - From the thorns His life-blood trickles, - From the spear wound and the nails; - But that crimson stream for cleansing, - O'er creation wide prevails. - - - III - - Faithful Cross! in all the woodland, - Standeth not a nobler tree; - In thy leaf, and flower, and fruitage, - None can e'er thy equal be; - Sweet the wood, and sweet the iron, - Sweet the load that hung on thee. - - - IV - - Noble tree! unbend thy branches, - Let thy stubborn fibres bend, - Cast thy native rigour from thee, - Be a gentle, loving friend; - Bear Him in thine arms, and softly, - Christ, the King eternal, tend. - - - V - - Only thou could'st bear the burden - Of the ransom of our race; - Only thou could'st be a refuge, - Like the ark, a hiding-place, - By the sacred blood anointed, - Of the Covenant of Grace. - - - VI - - Blessing, blessing everlasting, - To the glorious Trinity; - To the Father, Son, and Spirit, - Equal glory let there be; - Universal praise be given, - To the Blessed One in Three. - - - - - CRUX AVE BENEDICTA - -This little poem, which he pronounces "perfect in its kind," is taken -by Trench from Daniel's _Thesaurus_, without any note of author or of -date. - - - I - - Hail, thou Blessed Cross, all hail! - Death no longer can prevail. - On those arms extended high, - Did my King and Saviour die. - - - II - - Queen of all the trees that grow, - Medicine when health is low, - Solace to the cumbered heart, - Comfort thou when sorrows smart. - - - III - - O! most sacred wood, the sign - That eternal life is mine; - On the fruit thy branches give, - Feeds the human heart to live. - - - IV - - When, around the Judgment-seat, - Friends of thine and foes shall meet, - Be my prayer, O Christ, to Thee, - And in love remember me. - - - - - HORÆ DE PASSIONE D. N. JESU CHRISTI - -From a fourteenth-century MS., where it bears the title, "Hours of the -Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ, compiled from the Prophets and the -New Testament by the Blessed Pope Urban" _(_b._ 1302, _d._ 1370)._ - - - - - (AD PRIMAM) - (_Tu qui velatus facie_) - - - I - - Veiled was the glory of Thy face, - O Jesus, Lord of heavenly grace, - When mocking knees were bent in scorn, - And bitter stripes were meekly borne. - - - II - - To Thee the prayer of faith we send, - In Thee we hope: O Lord, attend, - And in Thy mercy lead the way - To where Thy glory shines as day. - - - III - - To Thee be highest honours paid, - O Christ, who wast by man betrayed, - Who on the cross of anguish sore - Didst die, that we might die no more. - - - - - (AD TERTIAM) - (_Hora qui ductus tertia_) - - - IV - - O Christ, who in that hour of dread - Forth as a sacrifice wast led; - Who, to retrieve our grievous loss, - Didst bear the burden of the cross. - - - V - - O may Thy Love our hearts inflame; - Be Thy pure life our constant aim; - That we may win the heavenly rest, - And share the glories of the blest. - - - VI - - To Thee be highest honours paid, - O Christ, who wast by man betrayed; - Who on the cross of anguish sore - Didst die, that we might die no more. - - - - - (AD SEXTAM) - (_Crucem pro nobis subiit_) - - - VII - - For us the cruel cross He bare, - Endured the thirst while hanging there-- - O Jesus! Thou hast anguish borne, - Thy hands and feet with nails were torn. - - - VIII - - Honour and blessing be to Thee, - O Christ, who hung upon the tree, - Who, by the offering of Thy grace, - Didst save from death our fallen race. - - - - - (AD NONAM) - (_Beata Christi passio_) - - - IX - - Thy blessed Passion, Christ, be ours, - To set us free from Satan's powers; - To aid our fainting souls to rise - To joys prepared in Paradise. - - - X - - To Christ the Lord all glory be, - Who, hanging on the shameful tree, - Gave up His life with bitter cry, - And saved a world prepared to die. - - - XI - - To Thee be highest honours paid, - O Christ, who wast by man betrayed, - Who, on the cross of anguish sore, - Didst die, that we might die no more. - - - - - (AD COMPLETORIUM) - (_Qui jacuisti mortuus_) - - - XII - - O spotless King, who shared its gloom, - And lay at peace within the tomb, - Teach us to find our rest in Thee, - And sing Thy praise eternally. - - - XIII - - Come to our help, O Lord, who gave - Thy precious blood our souls to save; - Lead us to Thine eternal peace, - Whose sweetest joys shall never cease. - - - - - _Easter_ - - - - - FINITA JAM SUNT PRÆLIA - -Of unknown date and authorship. It has not been traced further back -than the _Hymnodia Sacra_, Munster, 1753. - - - I - - Alleluia! Alleluia! - The din of battle now is dead, - And glory crowns the Victor's head; - Let mirth abound, - And songs resound--Alleluia! - - - II - - Alleluia! alleluia! - The bitter pangs of death are past, - And Christ hath vanquished hell at last; - Cheers are ringing, - Psalms are singing--Alleluia! - - - III - - Alleluia! alleluia! - And when the morn appointed broke, - All decked with beauty Christ awoke; - O shout with glee, - Sing merrily--Alleluia! - - - IV - - Alleluia! Alleluia! - Hell hath He closed with His own hand, - The gates of heaven wide open stand; - Let mirth abound, - And songs resound--Alleluia! - - - V - - Alleluia! Alleluia! - 'Tis Thy wounds, O Blessed Jesus-- - 'Tis Thy death from dying frees us, - That living, we - May sing with glee--Alleluia! - - - - - PLAUDITE, COELI! - -A Jesuit hymn, taken by Walraff, in 1806, out of the _Psalteriolum -Cantiorum Catholicarum a Patribus Societati Jesu_. - - - I - - Shout praises, ye heavens, - And sigh them, soft air; - From highest to lowest, - Sing, sing everywhere; - For black clouds of tempest - Are banished from sight; - And spring, crowned with glory, - Is pouring her light. - - - II - - Come forth with the spring-time, - Sweet flow'rets, and spread - Your rich hues around us - Where nature lay dead; - Come, violets modest, - And roses so gay, - With lilies and marigolds, - Spangle the way. - - - III - - Flow joy song in fulness, - Flow higher and higher; - Pour forth thy sweet measures, - Thou murmuring lyre; - O sing, for He liveth, - As truly He said, - Yea, Jesus hath risen - Unharmed from the dead. - - - IV - - Shout praises, ye mountains, - Vales catch the refrain; - Frisk gaily, ye fountains; - Hills, tell it again-- - He liveth, He liveth, - As truly He said; - Yea, Jesus hath risen - Unharmed from the dead. - - - - - MORTIS PORTIS FRACTIS - -By Peter of St. Maurice, sometimes styled Peter of Cluny, but best -known as Peter the Venerable. Born in Auvergne, 1092 or 1094; began -life as a soldier; afterwards became a Benedictine monk; elected abbot -of the monastery of his order at Cluny in Burgundy; died there in 1156 -or 1157. The greater part of his literary activity was given to the -controversy between the Clugnian and Cistercian, or "black" and "white" -monks. This Resurrection hymn is taken from "Some Rhythms, Proses, -Sequences, Verses, and Hymns," contained in the _Bibliotheca -Cluniacencis_, 1623. - - - I - - Burst are the iron gates of death-- - A stronger power prevails; - For, by the cross, the cruel king - Before the Victor quails, - O clear the light that shines afar, - Where darkness held its sway, - For God, who made the light at first, - Restores its gladdening ray. - - - II - - That sinners might for ever live, - The great Creator dies, - And by His death to new estate - Our souls enraptured rise. - There, Satan groaned in baffled hate, - Where Christ our triumph won-- - For what to Him was deathly loss, - To man was life begun. - - - III - - He grasps the envied prize, but fails, - And while he wounds, he dies; - But calmly, and with mighty power, - The King secures the prize; - And, leaving earth, His triumph won, - He seeks His native skies. - - - IV - - And now triumphant o'er the grave, - The Lord to earth returns; - To new create our fallen race, - His soul with ardour burns; - Down to the dwellings of the lost, - To dwell with man He came; - And hearts in grievous bondage held, - Receive Him with acclaim. - - - - - ALLELUIA, DULCE CARMEN - -Found in three MSS. of the eleventh century in the British Museum -Library, and published by the Surtees Society in the "Latin Hymns of -the Anglo-Saxon Church," from a MS. of the eleventh century, in Durham -Library. - - - I - - Alleluia, hymn of sweetness, - Joyful voice of ceaseless praise; - Alleluia, pleasant anthem, - Choirs celestial sweetly raise: - This the song of those abiding - In the house of God always. - - - II - - Alleluia, Mother Salem, - All Thy people joy in song; - Alleluia, walls and bulwarks - Evermore the notes prolong: - Ah! beside the streams of Babel, - Exiled, weep we o'er our wrong. - - - III - - Alleluia, 'tis befitting - That our song should falter here; - Alleluia, can we sing it - When the clouds of wrath appear? - To bemoan our sin with weeping, - Now the time is drawing near. - - - IV - - Trinity, for ever blessed! - May we sing the gladsome lay, - When from sin our souls are severed, - And the clouds have passed away, - And we share the Easter glory, - In the realms of endless day? - - - - - _Ascension_ - - - - - ÆTERNE REX ALTISSIME - -A hymn of complex authorship and of frequently altered text. - - - I - - Eternal King, enthroned on high, - Redeemer, strong Thy folk to save; - Thee, powerful death, by death o'ercome, - A royal crown of triumph gave. - - - II - - Ascending to the throne of God, - Beyond the glittering host of heaven, - More power than human hand could give - To Thee, victorious King, is given. - - - III - - Three kingdoms bow before Thee now-- - The heavens above, the earth below, - Hell's dark abode--and to their Lord, - On bended knee, submission show. - - - IV - - All awe inspired, the angel host - Behold man's changed estate, amazed; - Our sinful flesh, by flesh renewed, - And man, true God, to Godhead raised. - - - V - - O Christ, with God who dwell'st on high, - Be Thou to us, we humbly pray, - A lasting joy while here we wait, - Our great reward in heaven for aye. - - - VI - - In earnest prayer we come to Thee; - O may our sins be all forgiven, - And lift our hearts by Thy rich grace, - To where Thou art Thyself, in heaven. - - - VII - - That when in clouds of Judgment dire, - Thou com'st with Thine angelic host, - We may escape the avenger's power, - And wear anew the crowns we lost. - - - VIII - - To Thee, O Christ, all glory be, - Victor returning now to heaven; - To Father, and to Holy Ghost, - Let praise through endless years be given. - - - - - POSTQUAM HOSTEM ET INFERNA - -By Adam of St. Victor. _(_See p. 49._)_ - - - I - - Broken are the bands that bound us, - Spoiled are Satan's realms around us, - And to joys supernal now, - Christ returns with hosts attending, - And, as when at first descending, - Angel guards their homage bow. - - - II - - Far above the stars ascending, - Faith alone His course attending, - Passing now from mortal sight; - To His hand all power is given, - One with God He rules in heaven, - One in honour and in might. - - - III - - Victor on His throne uplifted, - See all rule to Him is gifted, - O'er Creation's wide domain. - Now for evermore He liveth, - Nevermore His life He giveth-- - Once the sacrifice was slain. - - - IV - - Once He wore our flesh in weakness, - Once He suffered, once in meekness - Gave Himself for sin to die. - Now no longer pain He knoweth: - Perfect peace for ever floweth, - Perfect joy is ever nigh. - - - - - COELOS ASCENDIT HODIE - -Of unknown date and authorship. The text is in Daniel's _Thesaurus_, -with "Alleluia" as a refrain. Dr. Neale gives it in his "Mediæval Hymns -and Sequences" as "apparently of the twelfth century." - - - I - - To-day the lingering clouds are riven, - Alleluia! - Our glorious King ascends to heaven, - Alleluia! - - - II - - The heaven and earth His rule obey, - Alleluia! - Who sits at God's right hand for aye, - Alleluia! - - - III - - See, all things are fulfilled at last, - Alleluia! - By David sung in ages past, - Alleluia! - - - IV - - And on the throne of high renown, - Alleluia! - The Lord is with His Lord set down, - Alleluia! - - - V - - Now blessings on our Lord we shower, - Alleluia! - In this chief triumph of His power, - Alleluia! - - - VI - - Let praise the Trinity adore, - Alleluia! - To God be glory evermore, - Alleluia! - - - - - O CHRISTE, QUI NOSTER POLI - -Appeared in the Cluniac Breviary of 1686, and in that of Paris, 1736, -as also in later French Breviaries. From his connection with the -revised Paris Breviary, this hymn has been ascribed to Archbishop -Charles de Vintimille, born 1655, died 1746; but in neither the Cluniac -nor Paris Breviary is it marked as his. Chandler's version of the hymn, -beginning, "O Jesu, who art gone before, To Thy blest realms of light," -appears in Dr. Martineau's "Hymns of Praise and Prayer," with opening -lines altered to, "The Crucified is gone before, To the blest realms of -light," and with other variations. - - - I - - O Christ, who art ascended now - To realms of bliss above, - Inspire our souls to rise to Thee, - Upborne by faith and love. - - - II - - Make us to seek those holy joys, - That they who love receive; - That earthly mind can never know, - Nor faithless soul perceive. - - - III - - There, where Thou art, they reap reward - Who toiled at duty's call; - For Thou dost give Thyself to them, - And Thou art all in all. - - - IV - - By power divine, O let us come - Where glory cannot fade; - And from Thy heavenly throne send down - The Spirit to our aid. - - - V - - To Thee who art at God's right hand, - O Christ, to Thee be praise, - To Father, and to Holy Ghost, - Be glory given always. - - - - - _Whitsuntide_ - - - - - VENI, CREATOR SPIRITUS, - MENTES TUORUM VISITA - -Of the authorship of this grand hymn nothing unquestioned is known. It -has been ascribed to Ambrose, Gregory, Rhabanus Maurus (died 856), and -Charlemagne. The most widely prevalent opinion ascribes it to the -last-named person, but in the judgment of Dr. Julian's assistant-editor -"the hymn is clearly not the work of St. Ambrose nor of Charles the -Great. Nor is there sufficient evidence to allow us to ascribe it -either to Gregory the Great, to Rhabanus Maurus, or to any of the -ecclesiastics connected with the court of Charles the Fat." The hymn -has not yet been found in any MS. earlier than the latter part of the -tenth century. - - - I - - Come, Thou Creator Spirit blest, - And with Thy grace our minds pervade; - May Thy sweet presence ever dwell - Within the souls which Thou hast made. - - - II - - Thou Holy Paraclete! the Gift - Sent down to earth from God Most High, - Thou Font of Life and fire and love, - Thy holy unction now apply. - - - III - - Sevenfold Thy gifts to us are given, - Of God's right hand the Finger Thou; - The promise of the Father's grace, - With gifts of tongues, Thou dost endow. - - - IV - - Make our dull sense enraptured glow, - And let our hearts o'erflow with love; - The weakness of our flesh inspire - With heavenly valour from above. - - - V - - Far from our souls the foe repel, - And let us know the bliss of peace; - Guide Thou our steps, that evermore - Our hearts may learn from sin to cease. - - - VI - - Lead us the Father's love to know; - Reveal to us the Eternal Son; - And Thee, the Sent of both, we'll praise, - While everlasting ages run. - - - - - VENI, SANCTE SPIRITUS ET EMITTE COELITUS - -A sequence universally regarded as one of the masterpieces of sacred -Latin poetry. As in the case of the _Veni, Creator Spiritus_, the -authorship is matter of dispute. Robert II. of France, Hermannus -Contractus (born 1013, died 1054), Stephen Langton the Archbishop of -Canterbury, Pope Innocent III.--these have all in turn been credited -with its production. Dr. Julian, the greatest living authority, sums up -the matter of authorship thus: "The sequence is clearly not earlier -than about the beginning of the thirteenth century. It is certainly -neither by Robert II. nor by Hermannus Contractus. The most probable -author is Innocent III." - - - I - - Holy Spirit, come with power; - Let Thy light, in darkest hour, - Shine upon our onward way. - Father of the humble heart, - Come, Thy choicest gifts impart-- - Light our hearts with heavenly ray. - - - II - - Thou canst best the heart console; - Sweet Thy sojourn with the soul-- - Cooling breath at noon of day, - Calm Thy rest in toil and care, - Soft Thy shade in noontide glare-- - Thou dost chase our tears away. - - - III - - O! Thou blessed Light of light! - Let Thy beams in radiance bright - Fill our inmost heart for aye. - If Thou come not with Thy grace, - Nought of worth can take Thy place, - Nought but leads the soul astray. - - - IV - - What is filthy, come, renew; - What is parched, with grace bedew; - Heal the wounded in the way. - What is stubborn, gently bend; - To the chilled the life-glow send; - Bring the erring 'neath Thy sway. - - - V - - To the faithful who repose - In the love Thy grace bestows, - Be Thy sevenfold gift alway-- - Rich reward for service given, - Hope in death and joy in heaven, - Joy untold that lasteth aye. - - - - - O FONS AMORIS, SPIRITUS - -By Charles Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ It is a recast of the _Nunc nobis, -Sancte Spiritus_ of St. Ambrose. - - - I - - O Holy Spirit, font of love, - Thou source of life, and joy, and peace, - With holy fire come from above, - And bid our hearts their warmth increase. - - - II - - O Thou who didst with love's strong cord - Unite the Father and the Son, - May we who love a common Lord, - In mutual love be bound in one. - - - III - - Now to the Father throned on high, - And unto Christ His only Son, - And to the Spirit, glory be, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - _Trinity_ - - - - - TU TRINITATIS UNITAS - -A cento. Added to the Roman Breviary in 1568. In a subsequent edition -it is the hymn for Lauds on Trinity Sunday. It is made up of the first -stanza of a hymn with the same opening, and of the third stanza of the -composition, _Æterna coeli gloria_, with a doxology added. - - - I - - O Thou Eternal One in Three, - Dread Ruler of the earth and sky, - Accept the praise we yield to Thee, - Who, waking, lift our songs on high. - - - II - - The star that tells the approach of day - Is lingering in the glow of morn, - And night and darkness fade away-- - O Holy Light, our souls adorn! - - - III - - To God the Father throned in heaven, - To Christ the One Begotten Son, - And to the Spirit praise be given, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - O PATER SANCTE, MITIS ATQUE PIE - -Found in two MSS. of the eleventh century, and included in the York, -Sarum, and Aberdeen Breviaries. - - - I - - O Holy Father, gracious Thou and tender; - O Jesus Christ, Thou much adorèd Son; - Spirit most sweet, Thou Paraclete, Defender, - Eternally one! - - - II - - Trinity Holy, Unity abiding, - True God Thou art, unbounded goodness Thou, - Light of the angels, trust of the confiding, - We hope in Thee now. - - - III - - Thee all creation pays eternal homage; - Thee all Thy creatures songs of glory raise; - Now come we humbly, joining in the chorus, - O hear Thou our praise. - - - IV - - Glory to Thee, O God of power almighty, - Triune yet One, and great Thou art and high; - Hymns fitly tell Thy honour, praise, and glory, - and eternally. - - - - - ADESTO, SANCTA TRINITAS - -Authorship unknown. It first occurs in a MS. of the eleventh century in -the British Museum Library, has a place in the English Breviaries of -York, Hereford, and St. Albans, and is printed in the "Latin Hymns of -the Anglo-Saxon Church." - - - I - - Be present, Holy Trinity, - One glory Thou, one Deity; - Where'er creation's bounds extend, - Thou art beginning without end. - - - II - - The hosts of heaven Thy praise proclaim, - Adoring, tell Thy matchless fame; - Earth's threefold fabric joins the song, - To bless Thee through the ages long. - - - III - - And we, Thy humble servants, now - To Thee in adoration bow; - Our suppliant vows and prayers unite - With hymns that fill the realms of light. - - - IV - - One Light, we Thee our homage pay, - We worship Thee, O triple ray; - Thou First and Last, we speak Thy fame, - And every spirit lauds Thy name. - - - V - - Praise to the Eternal Father be; - Thou only Son, all praise to Thee; - And Holy Ghost to Thee be praise, - Great Triune God, yet One always. - - - - - _All Saints_ - - - - - PUGNATE, CHRISTE MILITES - -Given in editions of the Paris Breviary subsequent to 1736, along with -the hymn _Coelestis O Jerusalem_, for the vigil of All Saints Day at -Lauds. Author not traced. - - - I - - Christian soldiers in the conflict! - Bear the banner of the cross; - Rich reward shall crown the victor, - More than recompense for loss. - - - II - - Not with paltry palms that wither - Shall the brow be gaily crowned, - But with light that shines eternal, - And with heavenly joy renowned. - - - III - - Yours are mansions fair and comely-- - There your souls in bliss shall rest; - Stars shall sparkle in their radiance, - On the pathway of the blest. - - - IV - - Earthly joys are faint and fleeting, - Earthly favours quickly fade; - Heavenwards lift your eyes, expecting - There your true reward is laid. - - - V - - God be praised who crowns the victor, - Christ be praised who saves from sin; - Equal praise to God the Spirit, - By whose aid we fight and win. - - - - - AUDI NOS, REX CHRISTE - -This pilgrim or processional hymn was first published from a MS. of the -eleventh century by Du Mévil at Paris, 1847; reprinted by Neale in his -_Hymni Ecclesiæ_, in 1851, as _Cantus Peregrinatorum_. - - - I - - Hear us, O Christ, our King; - Lord, hear the prayer we bring, - And take the ordering of our way. - - - _Refrain_ - - _Thy mercy, Lord, extend;_ - _Thy mercy, Lord, extend,_ - _And take the ordering of our way._ - - - II - - O Three in Unity! - Protect us all each day: - In this Thy path divine we pray. - - - III - - Send us a faithful guide: - An angel to abide, - Whose hand shall lead us to Thy throne. - - - IV - - Our upward path direct, - From every foe protect, - And bring us back to claim our own. - - - V - - Thy strong right arm extend, - And with Thy left defend, - And save us from the enemy. - - - VI - - O Thou Creator wise, - Soon may our longing eyes - The glory of Thy kingdom see. - - - VII - - Now glory let there be, - O Father, unto Thee, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - _Communion_ - - - - - EJA O DULCIS ANIMA - -Author unknown. Belonging, according to Mone, to the thirteenth or -fifteenth century. - - - I - - See, sweet soul, my sister dear, - Now the bridegroom neareth; - Haste, prepare a place for Him - Who in love appeareth. - - - II - - Soon He comes, a gentle guest, - Comes with heart o'erflowing; - All the best that heaven affords - In His love bestowing. - - - III - - Where His gracious presence is - There is joy unending; - Blessing with His friendship comes, - Every bliss transcending. - - - IV - - Yea, He comes to rest awhile, - Thee with love entwining; - At thy board He'll take His place, - By thy side reclining. - - - V - - Up, my soul, to meet thy Spouse; - Hark! His footfall sounding; - In thy bosom He will dwell - With His love abounding. - - - VI - - Hold Him fast in fond embrace; - Say thou'lt leave Him never, - Till the blessing of His love - Rest on thee for ever. - - - - - O ESCA VIATORUM - -Ascribed by some to Thomas Aquinas, but believed by latest and best -authorities to have been composed by some unknown German Jesuit of the -seventeenth century. It has not been traced further back than the Mainz -_Gesang-Buch_ of 1661, where it is styled "Hymn on the true Bread of -Heaven." - - - I - - O Food for pilgrims pining! - O Bread for angels shining! - O Manna fresh from heaven! - In bountiful completeness, - O may Thy heavenly sweetness - To hungering hearts be given. - - - II - - O Font of love surprising, - From Jesu's heart uprising! - A pure refreshing flow; - Nought else our thirst allayeth-- - For this the pilgrim prayeth-- - This draught of love bestow. - - - III - - Thy face we come revering, - O Jesus, now appearing - In sacramental rite. - O when in heaven, before it - Unveiled, may we adore it, - Our faith absorbed in sight. - - - - - JESU, DULCEDO CORDIUM - -In the Paris Breviary of 1736, this is the hymn for Lauds for the -festival of the Transfiguration. It is composed of six stanzas of the -Gospel Rhythm of St. Bernard, beginning, _Jesu, dulcis memoria_, the -fourth stanza of which begins, _Jesu, dulcedo Cordium_. - - - I - - Jesu, delight of every heart, - Thou font of life, Thou source of light, - Earth can no joy so real impart, - No soul can form a hope so bright. - - - II - - Abide with us, O Lord, we pray, - And cause Thy heavenly light to glow; - Drive from our minds the clouds away, - And let the world Thy sweetness know. - - - III - - When Thou dost seek the humble heart, - Thy heavenly truth is freely given; - Then vanities of earth depart, - Then glows the fervent love of heaven. - - - IV - - O Jesus, of Thy wondrous grace, - Make us Thy boundless love to know; - And when we see Thee face to face, - To us Thy matchless glory show. - - - V - - They know how sweet the Lord can be, - Who deeply drink His love divine; - How blest, who find their all in Thee, - Nor thirst for other joys than Thine. - - - VI - - O Thou the spring whence pity flows! - Light from the Fatherland to cheer! - To us Thy glorious light disclose, - Nor let dark clouds afflict us here. - - - - - VERBUM SUPERNUM PRODIENS - -By St. Thomas of Aquino, the Angelical Doctor. Born about 1225-1227; -educated in the Benedictine monastery at Monte Cassino, and at the -University of Naples. Having resolved to become a Dominican friar, St. -Thomas, after much opposition from his family, took the vows of -obedience, celibacy, and poverty at Naples, in 1243. The remainder of -his life was spent in the service of the Church at Paris, Cologne, -Rome, Naples, Bologna. When on his way to attend the Second Council of -Lyons, he died in the Benedictine abbey of Fossa Nuova, in the diocese -of Terracina, in 1274. This hymn was written about 1263 for the office -for use on Corpus Christi. It is found in the Roman, Mozarabic, York, -Sarum, Aberdeen, Paris, and other Breviaries, its primary use being at -Lauds in Corpus Christi. - - - I - - The Word, proceeding from above, - Yet still at God's right hand in heaven, - Came to His work impelled by love, - And soon life's day declined to even. - - - II - - A traitor in His chosen band - Betrays his Lord to death and grave; - But ere He died, with His own hand - Himself as food to man He gave. - - - III - - In double form the gift was made; - He gave them of His flesh and blood, - That so the feast His love purveyed, - Might prove for man sufficient food. - - - IV - - By birth a friend in Him we find; - As food He fills the festal board; - In death the ransom of our kind; - In heaven He is our great reward. - - - V - - O Saving Sacrifice! that made - The gates of heaven stand open wide, - Be Thou our strength, come to our aid, - When foes would crush on every side. - - - VI - - To Thee, Good Shepherd, who for meat - Dost give Thy flesh to feed Thine own, - To Father, and to Paraclete, - Be praise through ages yet unknown. - - - - - _Death and Judgment_ - - - - - GRAVI ME TERRORE PULSAS - -By Peter Damiani. Born at Ravenna about 988; became a "religious" of -the order of the Monks of the Holy Cross of Fontavellano, of which -community he subsequently became the Superior, founding in his day five -monasteries under the same rule; was induced by Pope Stephen IX. to -accept the position of Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia, an office he was -allowed to resign by Pope Alexander II. in 1062. In retirement he lived -a life of great asceticism and self-mortification. On his return -journey from Ravenna, whither he had gone as Papal legate on a mission -of inquiry and reform, he died of fever at Faenza, in the monastery of -Our Lady, 1072. - - - I - - Terror grim the soul oppresses - When the day of death is near; - Sighs the heart, the reins are sundered, - Quakes each part with anxious fear; - While the mind the woe detaileth - Of the conflict to appear. - - - II - - Spectacle all woe inspiring - Who its terror can pourtray? - See, the course of life is ended, - And the sickening flesh gives way, - For the wrestling soul in triumph - Breaks the bands that bid her stay. - - - III - - Sense decays, and fails expression; - Dark the world to melting eye; - And the troubled breast in anguish, - Gasping, breathes her burdened sigh; - Grace of form and glow of beauty, - From the withering body die. - - - IV - - Thoughts, and words, and deeds forgotten, - Crowd around in grim array; - And unwilling eyes behold them, - Be they closed or turned away; - In the heart they seem to rankle, - Turn he wheresoe'er he may. - - - V - - Vain the vow of new obedience-- - Time for vowing is no more; - Vain the sorrow of repentance, - For the day of grace is o'er; - Conscience now the tortured sinner - Gnaws with pangs unfelt before. - - - VI - - Draughts of sweet deluding pleasure - Give the bitter dregs at last; - Come, unending pain and anguish, - With the short-lived rapture past; - Then, what once appeared so worthy, - Is aside as worthless cast. - - - VII - - Then, O Christ, Thou King victorious, - Come with succour in my plight; - When the soul is freed from bondage, - In its hour of darkest night; - Come, O Christ, Thy help extending, - Free me from the accuser's might. - - - VIII - - Headlong may the Prince of Darkness - With the hosts infernal fall! - Thou, the Shepherd of Salvation, - Bid me follow at Thy call, - To the land where fulness dwelleth, - And those eyes shall see it all. - - - - - APPROPINQUAT ENIM DIES IN QUA JUSTES ERIT QUIES - -A cento taken from the hymn, _Heu! Heu! mala mundi vita_, published by -Du Mévil in 1847, from a MS. of the twelfth century, in the National -Library at Paris. The poem from which the cento is taken consists of -nearly four hundred lines, and the cento begins at line 325. - - - I - - Lo, the day, the day approacheth - When the just shall rest in peace, - When the patient souls shall triumph, - And the vile from troubling cease. - - - II - - Day of life, who can abide it? - Day of light, unseen before; - Death, the fell destroyer, dieth, - Night and darkness are no more. - - - III - - See He comes whom ages longed for-- - Long expected King of kings-- - Now He tarries not, and with Him - All His great salvation brings. - - - IV - - O how blessed! O how joyful! - O what sweetness it shall be! - When the eyes of those who loved Him - Shall their Lord and Master see. - - - V - - Jesus then with sweet affection, - And in tones of tenderest love, - Shall invite His faithful people - To the joys prepared above. - - - VI - - "Ye who held My truth unsullied, - Faithful stood in world of sin, - Suffered for the name ye honoured, - See the joys ye sought to win. - - - VII - - "See the heavenly kingdom promised, - Long reserved, but now revealed; - Now behold it, now possess it, - Now the princely sceptre wield." - - - VIII - - O how sweet our earthly losses, - In the midst of gain like this! - O how vain the world's possessions, - At the cost of so much bliss! - - - IX - - O how blessèd then the mourners, - Who for Christ earth's sorrow bore, - By a scornful world neglected! - They shall reign for evermore. - - - X - - Now no terror grim shall haunt them-- - Tears and sorrows are no more; - Grinding want shall ne'er afflict them, - Crippled age nor weakness sore. - - - XI - - Peace eternal there abideth, - Hearts with festive gladness bound; - There is youth with perfect vigour, - And with bloom unfading crowned. - - - XII - - O just Judge! in boundless mercy - Call me heavenward by-and-by, - For my soul is faint with longing, - And I wait with tearful eye. - - - - - _Heaven_ - - - - - JERUSALEM LUMINOSA VERÆ PACIS VISIO - -The second in a group of three hymns, of all which the author is quite -unknown. First published by Mone from a fifteenth century MS., at -Karlsruhe. This hymn has for title in the original, _De Gloriâ -Coelestis Jerusalem quoad dotes Glorificati Corporis_--"Of the Glory of -the Heavenly Jerusalem, so far as concerns the endowments of the -Glorified Body," and was a favourite at dedications and other -festivals. All the three of the series will be found, with English -renderings, in Dr. Neale's "Hymns, chiefly Mediæval, on the Joys and -Glories of Paradise." - - - I - - O city girt with glory! - Thou scene of quiet rest, - Where dwells the King Eternal-- - O beautiful and blest! - Thy streets are filled with glorious song, - The praises of a myriad throng. - - - II - - With stones of polished beauty - Is reared thy structure fair; - And gems, and gold, and crystal - Are sparkling everywhere; - With pearls thy gates are glittering gay, - And golden is thy bright highway. - - - III - - For ever and in sweetness - Are Alleluias given; - Unending is the feast day, - The royal feast of heaven; - Whate'er within thy walls is stored, - Is pure and holy to the Lord. - - - IV - - No clouds with sombre curtain - Thy glorious brightness screen; - There shines the Sun Eternal, - And aye at noonday seen; - There is no night to give repose, - For no one toil or trouble knows. - - - V - - The vernal glow of springtime - Is bright and lasting there, - The wealth of summer's richness - Is scattered everywhere; - And that fair realm can never know - The autumn's blast or winter's snow. - - - VI - - The notes that fall in sweetness, - Where birds in woodland sing; - The sounds of softest music, - That winds in summer bring, - Are wafted o'er that city bright, - In strains of unalloyed delight. - - - VII - - There youth adorned with vigour - Ne'er into age declines; - No aged fears the mortal, - Nor for the past repines; - For past and future are unknown: - The present reigns in heaven alone. - - - VIII - - No fleshly law can triumph, - And over reason ride; - With bodies pure and stainless - The spirit shall abide; - And power of flesh, and power of will, - Shall both one common law fulfil. - - - IX - - O bright the heavenly glory, - This fragile frame shall wear, - When health, and strength, and freedom - Shall crown with beauty rare; - And pleasure's draughts no sorrow know, - But everlasting joys bestow. - - - X - - Now gladly bear the burden; - With zeal thy task maintain, - And gifts shall crown thy labour, - And all thy loss be gain, - When decked with splendour thou shalt be, - Where glory dwells eternally. - - - - - URBS BEATA HIERUSALEM, Part I - -The author of this fine old rugged hymn is unknown. It is conjectured -to be of sixth- or seventh-century date. It passed into many mediæval -Breviaries, sometimes entire, but often divided into two parts. It was -largely used for the dedication of churches. - - - Part I. - - - I - - O vision bright of heavenly peace, - Jerusalem on high, - With living stones Thy walls are built, - All beauteous to the eye; - A high-born bride, the angels stand - Around Thee, an attendant band. - - - II - - From heaven she cometh down prepared - Her nuptial hour to grace; - With jewels decked she shall be led - To see her Bridegroom's face. - O fair her streets, her bulwarks fair, - For purest gold is everywhere. - - - III - - Her gates, adorned with glowing pearl, - Stand open day and night, - And hither come the faithful souls, - And enter in His right, - For whom they bore the cruel shame, - That earth has linked to His dear name. - - - IV - - All precious stones and shapely all, - By sore affliction made; - Each in its place the Heavenly King - With His own hand has laid-- - Such was the plan, that with the Elect - The walls of Zion should be decked. - - - - - Part II. - - - I - - Most firm the sure foundation stands, - And strong the corner-stone, - To bear the walls that proudly rise, - And bind them into one; - And Zion all her trust will lay - Upon the strength of Christ alway. - - - II - - Within that city, God beloved, - Flow streams of praise along; - And towers and bulwarks echo forth - The gladness of the song; - 'Tis praise to God continually, - The Three in One, the One in Three. - - - III - - Within Thine earthly temple, Lord, - We meet to seek Thy face; - O in Thy loving kindness, hear, - Diffuse Thy heavenly grace; - Grant, as Thy people humbly bow, - Thine ample benediction now. - - - IV - - Be found of all who seek Thee here, - And every need supply-- - The joys of heaven that cheer the soul, - When streams of earth are dry; - And in the greatness of Thy love, - Hereafter, open heaven above. - - - - - INDEX OF FIRST LINES - - - PAGE - - A - Alleluia! Alleluia! 87 - Alleluia, hymn of sweetness 93 - - B - Be present, Holy Trinity 119 - Broken are the bands that bound us 100 - Burst are the iron gates of death 91 - - C - Christ, the light that shines eternal 32 - Christian soldiers in the conflict 123 - Come, Thou Creator Spirit blest 109 - - D - Dark night has drawn her curtain round 34 - - E - Emmanuel, come! we call for Thee 45 - Eternal King, enthroned on high 97 - - F - For us the cruel cross He bare 82 - From the Father's throne descending 27 - - G - Gone are the shades of night 23 - - H - Hail, thou blessed cross, all hail! 78 - Hear us, O Christ, our King 125 - Holy Spirit, come with power 111 - - J - Jesu, delight of every heart 133 - - K - King of heaven, our nature wearing 65 - - L - Let us tune our hearts and voices 49 - Lo, the day, the day approacheth 143 - - M - Maker of the world, we pray 22 - My heart goes forth in love to Thee 20 - - N - Now daylight floods the morning sky 15 - Now let us tune our hearts to sing 63 - Now sinks the fiery orb of day 38 - Now sinks the glowing orb of day 25 - - O - O Christ, who art ascended now 104 - O Christ, who in that hour of dread 81 - O city girt with glory 149 - O day, the chief of days, whose light 3 - O Food for pilgrims pining 131 - O God, I love Thee, not alone 11 - O Holy Father, gracious Thou and tender 118 - O Holy Spirit, font of love 114 - O Jesus, when I think of Thee 17 - O Light that from the light wast born 5 - O spotless King, who shared its gloom 83 - O Thou Eternal One in Three 7 - O Thou Eternal One in Three 117 - O vision bright of heavenly peace 153 - O ye who seek the Lord, come nigh 57 - - S - See in the east the morn arise 36 - See, sweet soul, my sister dear 129 - See the royal banners 69 - Shout praises, ye heavens 89 - - T - Tell, my tongue, the glorious conflict 72 - Terror grim the soul oppresses 139 - The din of battle now is dead 87 - The Word, proceeding from above 135 - Thirty years by God appointed 75 - Thou, blest Creator of the light 13 - Thou our Redeemer art, O Christ 61 - Thou who hast led our steps this day 30 - Thy blessed passion, Christ, be ours 82 - Thy works, O God, Thy name extol 9 - To-day the lingering clouds are riven 102 - To Thee, O Christ, our prayers shall rise 41 - - V - Veiled was the glory of Thy face 80 - - W - When evening shades around us close 43 - Wherefore in the lowly stall 54 - - Z - Zion is glad this glorious morn 52 - - - _Printed by_ Ballantyne, Hanson & Co. - _Edinburgh and London_ - - - - - Transcriber's Notes - - ---Silently corrected several minor typographical errors. - ---Moved Footnotes to the end of the file (and added Footnotes to Table - of Contents). - ---Retained original copyright information (this text is public domain - in the country of publication.) - ---Generated an original cover image, released for unrestricted use with - this eBook. - - - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Hymns of the Early Church, by John Brownlie - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HYMNS OF THE EARLY CHURCH *** - -***** This file should be named 44039-8.txt or 44039-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/4/0/3/44039/ - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Hymns of the Early Church - being translations from the poetry of the Latin church, - arranged in the order of the Christian year - -Author: John Brownlie - -Release Date: October 26, 2013 [EBook #44039] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HYMNS OF THE EARLY CHURCH *** - - - - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - - _Hymns of the Early Church_ - - - BEING TRANSLATIONS FROM THE POETRY OF THE LATIN CHURCH, ARRANGED IN - THE ORDER OF THE CHRISTIAN YEAR - - _With Hymns for Sundays and Week-Days_ - - BY THE - REV. JOHN BROWNLIE - AUTHOR OF - "HYMNS OF OUR PILGRIMAGE," ETC. ETC. - - _WITH HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION AND BIOGRAPHICAL NOTES_ - - BY THE - REV. C. G. M'CRIE, D.D. - AUTHOR OF - "PUBLIC WORSHIP OF PRESBYTERIAN SCOTLAND," ETC. - - _London_ - JAMES NISBET & CO. - 21 BERNERS STREET - 1896 - - - _Printed by_ Ballantyne, Hanson & Co. - _At the Ballantyne Press_ - - - - - PREFACE - - -This volume is intended for hours of devotion, and the vast storehouse -of sacred poetry of the Latin Church has been put under tribute to -supply the material. - -If an apology should be required for the book, it may perhaps be enough -to say that, while south of the Tweed Latin hymnody has had -considerable attention paid to it, the subject has hitherto been all -but neglected in Scotland. There may be reasons for this--we believe -there are; but with these we have nothing to do here. The fact remains -that, while Anglicans can point to a long list of names worthily -associated with this department of Christian literature, including such -well-known hymnologists as Trench, Neale, and Newman, we in Scotland -have only two: Robert Campbell, author of the "St. Andrews Hymnal," and -Dr. Hamilton M'Gill, author of "Songs of the Christian Creed and Life," -with the addition of Dr. Horatius Bonar, who, besides reflecting the -spirit of the poetry of the Early Church in many of his own hymns, has -left us also a few skilful renderings of the original. The present -volume is, we believe, the first of its kind produced by Scotsmen and -Presbyterians. - -In making a selection, the translator has experienced no difficulty in -regard to the quantity and quality of material at hand; indeed, he has -laboured under an embarrassment of riches. But the choice has been made -from the best, and care has been taken to use only those hymns that -might be acceptable in point of doctrine to the most fastidious. - -It has been the aim of the translator to give the _idea_ and _spirit_ -of the Latin verses, and except in a very few instances absolute -faithfulness to the original has been observed, with as much -literalness as it is possible to give to work of this sort. - -As a rule the original measures have been retained, and only in a few -pieces, where change seemed desirable, have different measures been -adopted. - -For the original text, the following collections have been used:-- - - Daniel, H. A. _Thesaurus Hymnologicus._ 5 vols. Halle and Leipzig, - 1841-56. - Mone, F. J. _Lateinische Hymnen des Mittelalters._ 3 vols. Freiburg, - 1853-55. - Wrangham, D. S. "The Liturgical Poetry of Adam St. Victor." 3 vols. - London, 1881. - Newman, J. H. _Hymni Ecclesiae._ Oxford and London, 1865. - Neale, J. M. _Hymni Ecclesiae._ London, 1851. - Trench, R. C. "Sacred Latin Poetry." London, 1886. - - -The translator desires to give expression to his sense of indebtedness -to Dr. M'Crie, whose share in this work is by no means confined to the -Introduction and Notes. It was at his instigation that the task was at -first undertaken, and his help and co-operation as the work of -rendering progressed, were ungrudgingly given. - -It will be cause for thankfulness to the translator if the work of some -of the happiest hours of his life should meet with the appreciation and -approbation of his fellow-countrymen, and awaken their interest in a -department of devotional literature which has been too long neglected. - - Portpatrick, - _November_ 1895. - - - - - INDEX OF LATIN TITLES - - - PAGE - - Sundays and Week-Days-- - Die, dierum principe 3 - O nata lux de lumine 5 - Tu Trinitatis Unitas 7 - Deus Creator omnium 9 - O Deus, ego amo Te, nec 11 - Lucis Creator optime 13 - Aurora jam spargit polum 15 - Jesu, dulcis memoria 17 - O Deus, ego amo Te, nam 20 - Te lucis ante terminum 22 - Jam meta noctis transiit 23 - Labente jam solis rota 25 - Splendor Paternae gloriae 27 - Salvator mundi, Domine 30 - Christe, lumen perpetuum 32 - Nox atra rerum contegit 34 - Jam lucis orto sidere 36 - Jam sol recedit igneus 38 - - Advent-- - Christe, precamur annue 41 - In noctis umbra desides 43 - Veni, Veni, Emmanuel! 45 - - Christmas-- - Nato nobis Salvatore 49 - Puer natus in Bethlehem 52 - Heu! quid jaces stabulo 54 - Quicumque christum quaeritis 57 - - Epiphany-- - Jesu, nostra Redemptio 61 - Dei canamus gloriam 63 - Deus-Homo, Rex coelorum 65 - - Passion Week-- - Vexilla Regis prodeunt 69 - Pange, lingua, gloriosi, proelium 72 - Lustra sex qui jam peregit 75 - Crux ave benedicta 78 - Horae de Passione d. n. Jesu Christi 80 - Tu qui velatus facie 80 - Hora qui ductus tertia 81 - Crucem pro nobis subiit 82 - Beata Christi passio 82 - Qui jacuisti mortuus 83 - - Easter-- - Finita jam sunt praelia 87 - Plaudite, coeli 89 - Mortis portis fractis 91 - Alleluia, dulce carmen 93 - - Ascension-- - AEterne Rex altissime 97 - Postquam hostem et inferna 100 - Coelos ascendit hodie 102 - O Christe, qui noster poli 104 - - Whitsuntide-- - Veni, Creator Spiritus 109 - Veni, Sancte Spiritus 111 - O fons amoris, Spiritus 114 - - Trinity-- - Tu Trinitatis unitas 117 - O Pater Sancte, mitis atque pie 118 - Adesto, Sancta Trinitas 119 - - All Saints-- - Pugnate, Christe milites 123 - Audi nos, Rex Christe 125 - - Communion-- - Eja O dulcis anima 129 - O Esca viatorum 131 - Jesu, dulcedo cordium 133 - Verbum supernum prodiens 135 - - Death and Judgment-- - Gravi me terrore pulsas 139 - Appropinquat enim dies 143 - - Heaven-- - Jerusalem luminosa 149 - Urbs beata Hierusalem (Part I.) 153 - Urbs beata Hierusalem (Part II.) 154 - - - - - HISTORICAL INTRODUCTION - - -The Latin poetry of the Christian Church presents a tempting field for -the exercise of scholarship and research. The relation in which it -stands on the one hand to the classic poetry of Greece and Italy, and -on the other to the Liturgies of the Eastern Church, the placing of -accent in the room of quantity, and the rise and growth of rhyme--these -and such-like matters will always prove attractive to experts and -specialists. They are, however, quite beyond the scope of this brief -paper. Those who wish to make an exhaustive study of a subject which -has many sides and a copious literature, would do well to betake -themselves to such standard works as are noted below.[1] The general -reader may find something to profit and to interest him in the -following general survey. - -The title placed on our Saviour's cross, setting forth His -accusation--"Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews," was written in -three languages--in Hebrew and in Greek and in Latin. That collocation -of languages gives the order in which the hymnody of the Church -developed. - -Hebrew hymnody is contained for the most part in the Hebrew Psalter; -for the distinction between psalms and hymns is not one that admits of -being applied to all Hebrew poetry. Our Lord and His disciples, as they -went out to the Mount of Olives after the institution and first -observance of the Supper Sacrament, sang a portion of the Great Hallel, -which consists of Psalms cxiii. to cxviii. inclusive. Their doing so is -described in the New Testament as singing "an hymn," just as the -singing of Paul and Silas in the Philippian prison is said to be -singing hymns unto God.[2] - -In the Eastern or Greek Church hymnody was in both private and public -use from earliest times. The oft-quoted letter of the younger Pliny, -written soon after his arrival as Proconsul in the provinces of -Bithynia and Pontus, which took place in A.D. 110, informs the Emperor -that it was the practice of the Christians to meet together on a -certain day and sing antiphonally (_secum invicem_) a hymn to Christ as -their God; while the "Apostolical Constitutions," which take us back to -the life of the Church in the second or third centuries, enjoin the use -of morning and evening hymns of praise for God's beneficence by Christ. -From the ample stores of Oriental hymnology there have come into modern -collections many of their gems, thanks to the scholarship and -versifying skill of Dr. Neale, Keble, and Canon Bright. To the first -named we are indebted for such well-known renderings of Greek sacred -pieces as "Fierce was the wild billow," and, "The day is past and -over," as also for "Art thou weary, art thou languid?" From the author -of the "Christian Year" we have a beautiful English rendering of a -first or second century Greek hymn, preserved by Basil, "Hail, -gladdening Light, of His pure glory poured;" and from Canon Bright we -have the vesper or "lamplighting hymn," with its opening invocation, -"Light of gladness, Beam Divine." - -The Western Church came under Eastern influence in the matter of hymn -composition in the fourth century. The first to compose hymns in Latin -verse was Hilary of Poitiers. This theologian was banished to Phrygia -by the Emperor Constantius, because of his defence of the Nicene Creed -from the attacks of the Arian party. During the bishop's exile, his -daughter, Abra, wrote to inform him that she had been sought in -marriage, although only in her thirteenth year. This drew forth a reply -in which the father left the decision to her own choice, indicating at -the same time a personal preference for continued virginity. Enclosed -in the communication were a _hymnus matutinus_ and a _hymnus -vesperinus_. The morning hymn, beginning _Lucis largitor splendida_, is -still extant, and has been styled "the oldest authentic original Latin -song of praise to Christ as God." It is, however, more than doubtful if -the one for evening use survives; for the hymn, _Ad coeli clara non sum -dignus sidera_, given in the Benedictine edition of Hilary's works, -belongs to the sixth or seventh century, and is probably of Irish -authorship. - -Another name associated with the rise of sacred Latin poetry is that of -Ambrose, Bishop of Milan. It will ever be to the glory of this -fourth-century Father that Augustine ascribed to him his conversion, -and sought baptism at his hands. His illustrious convert tells, in the -ninth book of his "Confessions," how the bishop defended the churches -of Milan against the intrusion of Arian modes of worship, in spite of -the efforts put forth by Justina, mother of the Emperor Valentinian, to -obtain one of the basilicas for the use of the party she favoured. -Alarmed by a report that he might be removed by force, the devout -people of the city surrounded the bishop day and night, ready to die -with him rather than allow him to be apprehended. - -He, on his part, to stimulate their zeal and sustain their courage, -supplied them with hymns to sing in honour of the Trinity. "Then," -writes Augustine, "it was first instituted that, after the manner of -the Eastern churches, hymns and psalms should be sung, lest the people -should wax faint through the tediousness of sorrow; and from that day -to this the custom is retained, divers (yea, almost all Thy) -congregations throughout other parts of the world following herein." -Well nigh a hundred hymns have at one time or another passed under the -title Ambrosian, but the number of authenticated pieces is pitiably -small, not exceeding four. In that small group the _Te Deum laudamus_, -at one time ascribed to the Bishop of Milan, does not find a place. -For, as in the case of the _Gloria in Excelsis Deo_, the _Dies Irae_, -and the _Veni, Sancte Spiritus_, the question who wrote the _Te Deum_ -has not received a final answer, if, indeed, it ever will. Of this, -however, we may be well assured, that in the time of Jerome of the -fifth century, hymns were in general use throughout the Western as in -the Eastern Church. Writing to Marcellus, that most scholarly and -erudite among the Fathers of the Latin Church assured his correspondent -"You could not go into the field but you might hear the ploughman at -his _Hallelujah_, the mower at his hymns, and the vine-dresser singing -David's Psalms." - -From the days of Hilary and of Ambrose, of Augustine and of Jerome, -onwards through the patristic period of Church history, and all down -the medieval centuries, there never failed to be a goodly succession of -hymn-writers. To mention these, however briefly, would necessitate a -violation of the limits of this essay. We refrain from attempting even -an enumeration all the more readily, because an opportunity of giving -brief biographical notices of the more outstanding contributors to the -treasures of sacred Latin poetry will occur in the following pages when -specimens of their masterpieces are submitted to the reader. - -A few sentences may be added bearing upon the hymns contained in the -service-books of the Church of Rome, and upon the relation of Latin -hymnody to the Churches of the Reformation. - -The use of hymns for purposes of private devotion preceded their -insertion in the liturgical books of the pre-Reformation Church. Up to -the seventh century the Breviaries which contained the prayers to be -offered at the canonical hours had as matter to be sung only the words -of Scripture. But the Spanish Council which met at Toledo in A.D. 633, -laid down the general principle, that if in the worship of the -sanctuary prayers may be offered in the words of uninspired men, so -also may praise be sung. From that time the Churches of Western -Christendom inserted hymns in their service-books, some of these -compositions being of earlier date, but the larger number being of more -recent times and of purely local interest. As every diocese and -religious order claimed and exercised the right to construct its own -ritual, Missal, and Breviary, there was endless variety of contents, -considerable alterations of old compositions, and a general -deterioration of quality. By the time Leo X. reached St. Peter's chair -the need for revision had become clamant. Under the direction of that -Medicean Pope, the collection of hymns in use at Rome was recast; and -ultimately the entire Breviary appeared in revised form, when Urban -VIII. was Pope, in 1631. In this revised Roman Breviary, which is now -in general use throughout the Papal communion, the hymns of earliest -composers--say from Hilary to Gregory--are for the most part allowed to -remain, although in some cases altered without real amendment; but in -the case of those pieces which could not be conformed to the laws of -correct Latinity there was an entire recasting. According to one -authority, himself a revisionist, upwards of nine hundred alterations -were made in the interests of metre, and the first lines of more than -thirty hymns were altered. The Marquis of Bute executed a translation -of the Roman Breviary in 1879, and then gave it as his deliberate -judgment that the revisers, "with deplorable taste made a series of -changes in the texts of the hymns which has been disastrous both to the -literary merit and the historical interest of the poems." - -The Breviary of Paris has been subjected to revisions in the sixteenth, -seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries. The third and latest revision -was intrusted to a commission of three ecclesiastics, one of whom -belonged to the Jansenist party, while another was Charles Coffin, then -Rector of the University of Paris, who did the greater part of the work -of editing, altering, and tinkering. Under Coffin's manipulation only -twenty-one hymns of the earlier period were retained, and the number of -those from the pens of comparatively modern French writers was largely -increased. - -While all conversant with the subject will readily admit that both the -Roman and the Parisian Breviary contain some noble verses, English -versions of which are to be found in the writings of Williams, -Chandler, Mant, Caswall, and Newman, as also in "Hymns Ancient and -Modern," the conviction is both general and well-founded that the -principles and practice of liturgical revisionists have not been -favourable to the interests of purity and simplicity in the case of -ancient Latin hymnody. - -Coming now to the relation in which Latin hymnology stands to the -movement and Churches of the Reformation, it is to be noted that Luther -showed his appreciation of what was good in the Church of his childhood -when he rendered into the language of the Fatherland sixteen old hymns, -twelve of these being taken from the Latin and the remaining four from -the Old German of the Middle Ages. In his _Colloquia Mensalia_, the -sturdy Protestant is to be heard censuring Ambrose as a wordy poet, but -extolling the _Rex Christe Factor omnium_ of Pope Gregory as the best -hymn ever written. As with Luther, so with Melancthon and Zwingli and -their immediate followers. They published collections and translations -of the old Latin hymns, and they continued the use of such compositions -in their public worship to a limited extent, even after they had ceased -to employ the Latin tongue in Church services. - -It is well known, at least to Anglican clergymen, that the Church of -England Book of Common Prayer contains certain "Canticles," to be used -on Sundays and week days. Thus, after the Old Testament lesson has been -read, the rubric provides that "there shall be said or sung in English -the hymn called _Te Deum laudamus_ daily throughout the year." As an -alternative to this great Creed hymn of Western Christendom there may -be said or sung "this canticle, _Benedicite, omnia opera_," that is, -the Song of the Three Children, a part of the Greek addition to the -third chapter of Daniel, and a paraphrase or expansion of the 148th -Psalm. Then in the Ordinal of the Church of England, which provides for -"the ordering of Priests" and "the consecration of Bishops," there is a -stage at which there is to be sung or said, _Veni, Creator Spiritus_. -Of this hymn two English metrical versions are given in the Prayer Book -of 1662--that presently in use, an older and more diffuse rendering, -and one more terse and spirited, the product of Bishop Cosin. - -But it may not be generally known that many of the earliest -service-books of the Continental and Scottish Churches had hymns -appended to the Psalms in metre, some of which were versions in the -vernacular of old Latin compositions. The French Psalter, edited by -Marot in 1543, had the _Ave Maria_ along with the Decalogue, the -Belief, and the Lord's Prayer. The Dutch Psalter of 1640 had the _Te -Deum_, as well as metrical renderings of the Decalogue, the Song of -Zacharias, of Mary, of Simeon, and of Elizabeth. - -In the case of the Church of Scotland, the first edition of the Book of -Common Order, published in 1564, gave only the Psalms; but the -Bassandyne edition of the same book, published eleven years afterwards, -contained five "Spiritual Songs;" that of 1587 gave ten, while some -subsequent reprints have no fewer than fourteen. Among these, "commonly -used in the Kirke and private houses," will be found "The Song of -Simeon, called _Nunc Dimittis_," "The Song of Blessed Marie, called -_Magnificat_," and _Veni, Creator_. The English of the last named is -taken from the First Prayer Book of Edward VI., published in 1549, and -is the version of this old hymn which occurs in "The Fourme of Ordering -Priestes," the longer and older of the two renderings already referred -to. - -How it has fared with Latin hymns in Protestant service-books from -Reformation times to the present day is too wide a field of inquiry to -enter upon at the close of this brief introduction. This it is safe to -affirm, that no hymnal with any claim to completeness will be found to -omit such sacred and classic pieces as, "Brief life is here our -portion," "Come, Holy Ghost, our souls inspire," "Jerusalem the -golden," "Jesus! the very thought of Thee," "Jesus, Thou joy of loving -hearts," "O come, all ye faithful," "O Jesus, King most wonderful;" and -all these are translations or paraphrases of early Latin hymns. - -With the increase of interest in all that concerns the praise of God's -children, which is so marked a feature of recent times, there has come -an ever-growing appreciation of the grandeur and beauty, the spiritual -depth and longing wistfulness that characterise the great body of Latin -hymnology; and, as the result of this appreciation, the finest and -sweetest products are finding a larger place in quarters from which, at -no very far back point of time, they were altogether excluded. Of this -we have a striking illustration in the contents of the most recent -attempt to construct a hymnal for use in Presbyterian Churches. In the -"Draft Hymnal," prepared by a joint-committee of the three leading -denominations in Scotland, there are 557 hymns. Of these, five are -confessedly translations from the Greek, and twenty-six from the Latin. -With the Latin renderings the names of Bishop Cosin, Dryden, Sir Walter -Scott, Caswall, Chandler, Neale, and Ray Palmer stand honourably -associated. - - Ayr, _October_ 12, 1895. - - -[1]Mone's _Lateinische Hymnen des Mittelalters_; Daniel's _Thesaurus - Hymnologicus_; Tischer's _Kirchenlieder-Lexicon_; Trench's "Sacred - Latin Poetry;" Neale's "Latin Hymns and Sequences," and "Essays on - Liturgiology and Church History;" Duffield's "Latin Hymn-Writers and - their Hymns;" Roundell Palmer's "Hymns: their History and - Development in the Greek and Latin Churches, Germany, and Great - Britain;" Julian's "Dictionary of Hymnology." - -[2]Matt. xxvi. 30, hymnesantes; Acts xvi. 25, hymnoun, A. V.--"Sang - praises unto God;" R. V.--"Were ... singing hymns unto God." - - - - - Sundays and Week Days - - - - - Sunday Morning - - - DIE, DIERUM PRINCIPE - -By Charles Coffin, born at Ardennes in 1676; Rector of the University -of Paris, 1718; died, 1749. The most of his hymns appeared in the Paris -Breviary of 1736. In that service-book this is the hymn for Sunday at -Matins. - - - I - - O day, the chief of days, whose light - Sprang from the dark embrace of night, - On which our Lord from death's grim thrall - Arose, True Light, to lighten all. - - - II - - Death trembling heard the mighty Lord, - And darkness quick obeyed His word;-- - O shame on us! our tardy will - Is slow His summons to fulfil. - - - III - - While Nature yet unconscious lies, - Come, let us, sons of light, arise, - And cheerful raise our matin lay - To chase the dark of night away. - - - IV - - While all the world around is still, - Come, and with songs the temple fill, - Taught by the saints of bygone days, - Whose words were song, whose songs were praise. - - - V - - Loud trump of Heaven, our languor shake, - And bid our slumbering spirits wake; - Teach us the nobler life, and give, - O Christ, the needed grace to live. - - - VI - - O Font of love! Our steps attend; - Those needed gifts in mercy send; - And where Thy word is heard this day, - Give Thou the Spirit's power, we pray. - - - VII - - To Father and to Son be praise, - To Thee, O Holy Ghost, always, - Whose presence still the heart inspires - With sacred light and glowing fires. - - - - - O NATA LUX DE LUMINE - -The oldest text known of this hymn is from a tenth-century MS. It is in -the Sarum Breviary (1495), also in that of Aberdeen (1509), which is -substantially that of Sarum, and one of the very few surviving -service-books of the Pre-Reformation period in Scotland. - - - I - - O Light that from the light wast born, - Redeemer of the world forlorn, - In mercy now Thy suppliants spare, - Our praise accept, and hear our prayer. - - - II - - Thou who didst wear our flesh below, - To save our souls from endless woe, - Of Thy blest Body, Lord, would we - Efficient members ever be. - - - III - - More bright than sun Thine aspect gleamed, - As snowdrift white Thy garments seemed, - When on the mount Thy glory shone, - To faithful witnesses alone. - - - IV - - There did the seers of old confer - With those who Thy disciples were; - And Thou on both didst shed abroad - The glory of the eternal God. - - - V - - From heaven the Father's voice was heard - That Thee the eternal Son declared; - And faithful hearts now love to own - Thy glory, King of heaven, alone. - - - VI - - Grant us, we pray, to walk in light, - Clad in Thy virtues sparkling bright, - That, upward borne by deeds of love, - Our souls may win the bliss above. - - - VII - - Loud praise to Thee our homage brings, - Eternal God, Thou King of kings, - Who reignest one, Thou one in three, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - TU TRINITATIS UNITAS - -Attributed by some, but with a small degree of probability, to Gregory -the Great. The hymn occurs in all the editions of the Roman Breviary, -as also in the Sarum, York, and Aberdeen Breviaries. - - - I - - O Thou Eternal One in Three, - Dread Ruler of the earth and sky, - Accept the praise we yield to Thee, - Who, waking, lift our songs on high. - - - II - - Now from the couch of rest we rise, - While solemn night in silence reigns, - And lift to Thee our earnest cries, - To give Thy balm to heal our pains. - - - III - - If in the night by Satan's guile - Our souls were lured by thought of sin; - O bid Thy light celestial smile, - And chase away the night within. - - - IV - - Purge Thou our flesh from every stain, - Let not dull sloth our hearts depress; - Nor let the sense of guilt remain, - To chill the warmth our souls possess. - - - V - - To Thee, Redeemer blest, we pray, - That in our souls Thy light may shine; - So we shall walk from day to day, - Unerring in Thy way Divine. - - - VI - - Grant it, O Father, in Thy love, - Grant it, O One-begotten Son, - Who with the Spirit reign above, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Sunday Evening - - - DEUS CREATOR OMNIUM - -By St. Ambrose, born at Lyons, Arles, or Treves in 340; consecrated -Bishop of Milan in 374; died on Easter Eve, 397. He introduced -antiphonal chanting into the Western Church, and laid the foundation of -Church music, which Gregory systematised. - - - I - - Thy works, O God, Thy name extol, - Thou Ruler of the worlds that roll; - The day is clad in garments bright, - And grateful sleep pervades the night, - - - II - - That weary limbs from labour free, - By rest for toil prepared may be; - And jaded minds awhile forget - The anxious thoughts that pain and fret. - - - III - - Fast fades the sunlight in the west; - Thy hand we own our day hath blessed; - Now from the accuser's power we flee, - And lift our prayers in song to Thee. - - - IV - - O Thou hast stirred our hearts to sing, - Hast tuned the praise our voices bring; - From earth's vain loves our love hast won, - Hast lured our thoughts that heavenward run. - - - V - - So, when the rayless gloom of night - Hath quenched in dark the expiring light, - Faith waves the ebon clouds away, - And dark is light, and night is day. - - - VI - - That sin may ne'er an entrance make, - May slumber ne'er our souls o'ertake; - Faith, wakeful, keeps the soul secure, - And sleep is sweet, and deep, and pure. - - - VII - - The mind from sin's enticements free, - O let our dreams be thoughts of Thee; - And by no envious foe oppressed, - Vouchsafe to Thy beloved rest. - - - - - O DEUS, EGO AMO TE, NEC AMO TE, UT SALVES ME - -Attributed to Francis Xavier. Born at the Castle Xavier, near -Pampeluna, Spain, in 1506; graduated at the Paris University, where he -became acquainted with Ignatius Loyola; as a Jesuit missionary visited -India, Travancore, Ceylon, Malacca, and Japan; died, when near Canton, -in 1552. The original of this hymn is supposed to be a Spanish sonnet. -All that can be said of the Latin version is that it is probably by -Xavier, or by some German Jesuit, and is at least as early as 1668. - - - I - - O God, I love Thee, not alone - Because Thou savest me, - And those who love not in return - Are lost eternally. - - - II - - Thou art mine own, O Christ; Thine arms - Embraced me on the Cross; - Thou didst endure the nails, the spear, - The bitter shame and loss. - - - III - - O sorrows numberless were Thine, - And all were borne for me-- - The bloody sweat, the cruel death - Of bitter agony. - - - IV - - Why, therefore, should I love Thee now, - O Jesus, ever blest? - Not lest in hell my soul be cast, - Not that in heaven it rest. - - - V - - No other hope my love inspires, - And wins my heart for Thee-- - I only love Thee, Christ, my King, - Because Thou lovest me. - - - - - LUCIS CREATOR OPTIME - -By Gregory, surnamed the Great, born at Rome about 540; succeeded -Pelagius in the Papal Chair, 590; sent Augustine on a mission to -Britain in 596; died in 614. He ranks among the Four Latin Doctors, and -because of the services he rendered to the ritual of the Church, he was -styled _Magister Caeremoniarum_. The Gregorian tones or chants are the -fruit of his study of sacred music. - - - I - - Thou, blest Creator of the light, - From whom the day its splendour brings, - Thy word the earth to beauty woke, - When light came forth on glowing wings. - - - II - - The circle of the day is Thine, - The morn, and night in one are bound;-- - O hear our earnest prayer as now - The gloomy shades are gathering round; - - - III - - O free our souls from guilty stains, - That we Thy favour still may know; - And let no thought the mind possess, - To bind the heart to earth below. - - - IV - - That we may beat at heaven's fair gate, - Where safely stored our treasure lies, - Purge us from every filthy stain, - Teach us all evil to despise. - - - V - - Hear us, O Holy Father, hear, - And Thou the Everlasting Son, - Who with the Holy Spirit reign'st - While the eternal ages run. - - - - - Monday Morning - - - AURORA JAM SPARGIT POLUM - -Placed by Duffield in a class which contains hymns formerly called -Ambrosian, but now known to be the work of other hands. George -Cassander, the liberal Catholic collector (1556), writes "Incognitus -auctor" after the hymn, which has a place in several old Hymnaria, such -as the Durham, the Cottonian, and the Harleian. - - - I - - Now daylight floods the morning sky, - And earthward glides the approaching day, - The dancing rays of sunlight chase - The gathered fears of night away. - - - II - - Hence dreams that cloud the soul! away, - Ye terrors grim of midnight born! - Whate'er the dark of night hath bred, - Die in the light that greets the morn! - - - III - - So when the day eternal breaks,-- - That day for which our spirits long,-- - Its light may fall to bless our souls, - E'en while we raise our morning song. - - - IV - - To God the Father throned in heaven, - To Christ the one begotten Son, - And to the Holy Ghost be praise, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Monday Evening - - - JESU, DULCIS MEMORIA - -Generally, and there seems little reason to doubt correctly, ascribed -to Bernard of Clairvaux. Born in 1091 at his father's castle near Dijon -in Burgundy; died, 1153. The monk of Citeaux, the first Abbot of -Clairvaux, the Papal controversialist and the preacher of the Second -Crusade, is better known in our day as the author of a hymn regarded by -many as the sweetest and most Evangelical in mediaeval hymnody. The poem -from which the hymn is taken consists of nearly fifty quatrains on the -name of Jesus, known as the Joyful Rhythm of St. Bernard. In the Roman -Breviary three hymns are taken from the Rhythm, Jesu dulcis memoria, -Jesu Rex Admirabilis, and _Jesu decus angelicum_. - - - I - - O Jesus, when I think of Thee, - True gladness fills my heart; - But joy unspeakable 'twill be - To see Thee as Thou art. - - - II - - O blessed name! No note more sweet, - No music so divine; - Its charms the dearest fancies greet - That with my memory twine. - - - III - - To those who come with sin confessed, - Thy name their hope inspires; - And every needy soul is blessed, - And granted all desires. - - - IV - - To those who seek, ah! Thou art found - Far more than all desire-- - A living fount whose streams abound, - A flame of heavenly fire. - - - V - - What tongue can e'er the charm express? - What words its beauty show? - For Thy dear name's sweet loveliness - No heart can ever know. - - - VI - - Who only taste the heavenly bread, - They hunger for the feast; - Who drink of Christ, the Fountainhead, - But find their thirst increase. - - - VII - - O Jesus, to my fainting heart - When wilt Thou come to speak? - O, when to me Thy bliss impart, - And more than I can seek? - - - VIII - - O I will feed and hunger still, - O I will drink and pine - Till Thou my famished spirit fill - With that blest name of Thine. - - - - - Tuesday Morning - - - O DEUS, EGO AMO TE, NAM PRIOR TU AMASTI ME - -Credited by many to the composer of the hymn which opens with -identically the same line, but proceeds quite differently. It is, -however, doubtful if this is the composition of Xavier; more probably -it is the breathing of desire on the part of some now unknown German -Jesuit of the seventeenth century. - - - I - - My heart goes forth in love to Thee, - O God, who first hast loved me; - My freedom, lo, I lay aside, - Thy willing slave whate'er betide. - - - II - - May memory ne'er a thought suggest, - That comes not forth at Thy behest; - And may the mind no wisdom know, - That God all wise doth not bestow. - - - III - - May nothing be desired by me, - Save what I know is willed by Thee; - And what of Thine I e'er attain, - I render back to Thee again. - - - IV - - Take what Thou gavest--all is Thine; - Dispose as suits Thy will divine; - Rule, Lover of my soul; I rest - In Thy blest will who knowest best. - - - V - - That I may love Thee as I will, - O let Thy love my bosom fill; - This gift alone endureth aye-- - All else are dreams that flit away. - - - - - Tuesday Evening - - - TE LUCIS ANTE TERMINUM - -Sometimes ascribed to St. Ambrose. It is found in eleventh-century -_Hymnaria_ of the English Church, and in the Breviaries of Rome, Paris, -Sarum, York, and Aberdeen, generally as a hymn at Compline. - - - I - - Maker of the world, we pray, - Ere the dark of night surround us, - Let Thy love beside us stay, - Throw protecting arms around us. - - - II - - Phantoms of the night away! - Let no evil dream affect us; - Pure as falls the light of day, - From the taint of sin protect us. - - - III - - Hear us, Father, when we cry; - Hear us, Christ, Thy grace extending; - Hear us, Spirit, throned on high, - Three in one, through years unending. - - - - - Wednesday Morning - - - JAM META NOCTIS TRANSIIT - -This morning hymn is one of four attributed to St. Hilary. Born at -Poitiers early in the fourth century; became bishop of his native town -about 350; died 13th January 368. His saint's day (which gives name to -Hilary Term in English law courts) is celebrated on 14th January, in -order not to trench upon the octave of the Epiphany. - - - I - - Gone are the shades of night, - The hours of rest are o'er; - New beauties sparkle bright, - And heaven is light once more. - - - II - - To Thee our prayers shall speed, - O Lord of light divine; - Come to our utmost need, - And in our darkness shine. - - - III - - Spirit of love and light, - May we Thine image know, - And in Thy glory bright, - To full perfection grow. - - - IV - - Hear us, O Father blest, - Hear us, O Christ the Son, - And Comforter the best, - Now, and till life is done. - - - - - Wednesday Evening - - - LABENTE JAM SOLIS ROTA - -By Charles Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ Chandler's translation, beginning, -"And now the sun's declining rays," is for "Ninth Hour, or three in the -afternoon," of Sunday. In "Hymns Ancient and Modern" Chandler's -rendering is given as an evening hymn, and with considerable -alterations, the first line being, "As now the sun's declining rays" -(_No. 12_). - - - I - - Now sinks the glowing orb of day, - And silent night comes on apace; - So gains our life the appointed goal, - That marks the limit of our race. - - - II - - O Christ, uplifted on the Cross! - Thine arms were stretched towards the sky; - Grant us with love that Cross to seek, - And folded in those arms to die. - - - III - - Now to the Father throned on high, - And unto Christ His only Son, - And to the Spirit, glory be, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Thursday Morning - - - SPLENDOR PATERNAE GLORIAE - -This morning hymn is the complement of _AEterne rerum Conditor_, and, -like it, almost indisputably by St. Ambrose. Its use was generally for -Matins or Lauds on Monday; by some monastic orders it was used daily. - - - I - - From the Father's throne descending, - Light from out the realms of light; - Font of light, all light transcending, - Brighter day in day most bright. - - - II - - Shine, True Light, in radiant brightness, - Flashing forth perpetual ray; - May Thy Spirit's searching lightness, - Fill our souls with endless day. - - - III - - Father, come we humbly bending,-- - Father of Almighty grace, - Who hast glory never ending, - Banish every sinful trace. - - - IV - - When to do Thy will inclining, - Quell for us the tempter's wrath; - Ne'er in trial's hour repining, - Lead us in the upward path. - - - V - - May Thy rule our minds enlighten; - Let no sin our lives defile; - Fervent faith our spirits brighten, - Knowing nought of fraud or guile. - - - VI - - Christ, the Bread of Life bestowing, - Faith our daily cup shall fill; - Draughts of joy for ever flowing, - Drink we from the Spirit's rill. - - - VII - - Thus our life in beauty gliding-- - Purity like dawn of day, - Faith like sun at noon abiding, - Eve that knows no twilight grey. - - - VIII - - Forth in beauty rides the Morning-- - Be Thy glory on us poured; - Son, the Father's love adorning, - Father in th' Eternal Word. - - - - - Thursday Evening - - - SALVATOR MUNDI, DOMINE - -Author unknown. Found in the _Hymnaria_ of Sarum, and York, also in the -Sarum, York, Hereford, and Aberdeen Breviaries. Used at Eton in Latin -original at evening service until about 1830. - - - I - - Thou who hast led our steps this day, - Blest Saviour of the world, we pray, - Through all the night Thy care extend, - And save us to our journey's end. - - - II - - Be present with us, Lord, who wait, - And lift our cry at mercy's gate; - Take all our load of sin away, - And change our darkness into day. - - - III - - Free Thou our minds from careless sleep, - Our souls from sin's allurements keep; - And may our flesh from every stain, - All pure, we pray Thee, still remain. - - - IV - - To Thee of purity the spring, - Our prayers ascend on soaring wing; - Hear Thou our cry, and with the morn - May purity our souls adorn. - - - V - - Glory be unto God always, - To Christ the Son eternal praise; - Glory to God the Spirit be, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - Friday Morning - - - CHRISTE, LUMEN PERPETUUM - -By Magnus Felix Ennodius, born at Arles about 473; became Bishop of -Pavia about 514; died, 521; buried on 17th July of that year, which day -is observed as his festival by the Roman Church. - - - I - - Christ, the light that shines eternal,-- - Light that gilds the rolling spheres, - Dawn upon our night, and keep us - Pure as light when day appears. - - - II - - Let no gin of Satan snare us, - Let no enemy oppress; - Wakeful aye with garments spotless, - May we walk life's wilderness. - - - III - - Keep our hearts in Thy safe keeping, - Be Thy flock Thy special care; - In Thy fold in mercy tend them, - Guard their footsteps everywhere. - - - IV - - And our souls shall sing triumphant - When Thy light our eyes shall see, - And the vows we owe are rendered, - God, the great Triune, to Thee. - - - - - Friday Evening - - - NOX ATRA RERUM CONTEGIT - -This hymn is classed by Duffield under the heading "Ambrosian," which -includes compositions of Gregory and other authors. Mone gives it as -probably by St. Gregory. - - - I - - Dark night has drawn her curtain round, - And hid earth's hues in gloom profound; - Now contrite at Thy feet we fall, - And make request, Thou Judge of all, - - - II - - That Thou wouldst hide the guilt of sin, - And throughly purge our hearts within-- - O Christ, dispense Thy grace, we pray, - To keep us guiltless day by day. - - - III - - The awakened conscience, sore oppressed - By thought of sin all unconfessed, - Yearns in the gloom, to cast her load - At Thy blest feet, Redeemer, God. - - - IV - - Dispel the darkness, Lord, we pray, - That in our mind holds dismal sway; - Send forth Thy light, and bid us rest - In Thy calm peace, for ever blest. - - - - - Saturday Morning - - - JAM LUCIS ORTO SIDERE - -Frequently ascribed to Ambrose, but not by his Benedictine editors. A -rendering of it by Dr. Neale is one of the morning hymns in "Hymns -Ancient and Modern," "Now that the daylight fills the sky" (No. 4); but -the rendering has been considerably altered by the editors. - - - I - - See in the east the morn arise; - Seek, winged prayer, the glowing skies; - Bring help from Heaven, that all our way - Be pleasing to our God this day. - - - II - - May He restrain from words of sin; - For bitter strife give calm within; - Veil from our eyes the garish light, - That lures the soul to darkest night. - - - III - - Pure may our inmost heart remain - From evil thoughts and fancies vain; - And may the curb our flesh control, - That drags to earth the aspiring soul. - - - IV - - So, when the last stray beams of light - Shall fade before the return of night, - Kept in the path our feet have trod, - We shall give glory to our God. - - - V - - To God the Father, throned in heaven, - To Christ, the one begotten Son, - And to the Holy Ghost be praise, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - Saturday Evening - - - JAM SOL RECEDIT IGNEUS - -A recast of _O Lux beata Trinitas_, one of twelve hymns the Benedictine -editors regard as undoubtedly the work of St. Ambrose, and which, in -the older Breviaries, was used at Vespers on Saturday. - - - I - - Now sinks the fiery orb of day-- - O One in Three, Eternal Light, - O Three in One, for ever bright, - Shine in our darkened minds, we pray. - - - II - - When morning breaks, our songs we raise; - When evening falls, we still adore; - When morn and eve shall come no more, - In mercy grant us still to praise. - - - III - - All praises to the Father be, - All praise to the Eternal Son, - And to the Spirit, Three in One, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - _Advent_ - - - - - CHRISTE, PRECAMUR ANNUE - -By Ennodius, Bishop of Pavia. _(_See p. 32._)_ - - - I - - To Thee, O Christ, our prayers shall rise, - With tears of sorrow blending; - Come for our help Thou Holy One, - On our dark night descending. - - - II - - Our hearts shall find their rest in Thee, - And e'en in dreams shall praise Thee; - And with each rising of the sun, - Anew their songs shall raise Thee. - - - III - - Impart a noble life, and may - Our spirit's warmth be heightened. - Bid night depart, and with Thy love, - O may our lives be brightened. - - - IV - - In hymns we pay our vows to Thee: - At vesper-hour we pray, - Erase the writing we have made, - Thine own let stand for aye. - - - - - IN NOCTIS UMBRA DESIDES - -By Charles Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ - - - I - - When evening shades around us close, - And bound in sleep our limbs repose, - The watchful soul, from slumber free, - Shall breathe its earnest prayer to Thee. - - - II - - Desire of Nations, Word of God, - Thou Saviour of the World abroad, - Hear Thou our mournful prayer at length, - And raise the fallen by Thy strength. - - - III - - Be near, Redeemer; by Thy grace - Forgive our erring sinful race, - Bound in the prison-house of sin-- - O, open heaven and lead us in. - - - IV - - O Thou who cam'st to set us free, - To Thee, the Son, all praises be; - To Father, Spirit, Three in One, - While the eternal ages run. - - - - - VENI, VENI, EMMANUEL! - -An antiphon. The term denotes a short versicle said at the beginning -and close of a psalm or psalms in the Breviary Offices. This antiphon -is by an unknown author. Dr. Neale, who supposes it to be of -twelfth-century date, published a translation of it in 1851, beginning, -"Draw nigh, draw nigh, Emmanuel," an altered version of which occurs in -"Hymns Ancient and Modern" as an Advent hymn, with first line altered -to, "O come, O come, Emmanuel" (No. 36). - - - I - - Emmanuel, come! we call for Thee; - Come, set Thy captive Israel free, - Who, sore at heart, in exile wait - Their absent Lord, who tarries late. - Joy, joy, Emmanuel shall be born - For thee, O Israel, forlorn. - - - II - - Come, Root of Jesse! for our foes - In cruel snare our souls enclose; - Bring us, we pray, from hell's dark cave, - From gulf profound Thy people save. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - III - - Come, come, O Harbinger of day! - Cheer Thou our hearts with heavenly ray, - Dispel the clouds of night that roll, - The dark of death that fills the soul. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - IV - - Come, Key of David! in Thy might - Unlock for us the realms of light; - Make safe the path that upward tends, - Close Thou the way that downward wends. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - V - - Come, come, O Thou Almighty Lord! - From Sinai once went forth Thy word, - When in the midst of eddying flame, - Thou didst Thy law in might proclaim. - Joy, joy, &c. - - - - - _Christmas_ - - - - - NATO NOBIS SALVATORE - -By Adam of St. Victor. A native of either Britain or Brittany, probably -the latter; educated at Paris; became, about 1130, a monk in the Abbey -of St. Victor, then in the suburbs, afterwards absorbed in the city of -Paris; there he passed the remainder of his life, and died somewhere -between the years 1172 and 1192. In liturgical services the Gradual or -Antiphon, sung between the Epistle and Gospel, ended on festival days -with the word _Alleluia_. The final syllable of this vocable was -prolonged in a number of musical notes called sequentia, and by the -ninth century it became common to adapt words to these notes, which -words are now called "sequences." Adam of St. Victor was one of the -most voluminous composers of this kind of sacred Latin verse. - - - I - - Let us tune our hearts and voices-- - All creation wide rejoices, - For a Saviour has been born; - Given to man, his weakness wearing, - Dwelling with the sad despairing, - Light and health our life adorn. - - - II - - From the midst of Eden's gladness - Came the dower of death and sadness, - But the Saviour's life is ours. - Banished now are death and sorrow; - Life and joy from Christ we borrow, - More dwelt in Eden's bowers. - - - III - - From the height of heaven above us, - God looked down on earth to love us, - And He sent His only Son. - Now no more His face concealing, - Bridegroom like, His grace revealing, - Came He forth His work begun. - - - IV - - Swift and strong, a giant glorious, - O'er our death He came victorious, - Girt with power His course to run. - Came he forth salvation willing, - Law and prophecy fulfilling, - Till the task assayed is done. - - - V - - Jesus, who hast brought salvation, - Healing balm for every nation, - Thou our glory art and peace. - Praise Thy glorious deeds shall mention, - Who in humble condescension, - Cam'st Thy servants to release. - - - - - PUER NATUS IN BETHLEHEM - -The oldest form of this Christmas carol is found in a Benedictine -Processional belonging to the beginning of the fourteenth century. - - - I - - Zion is glad this glorious morn: - A babe in Bethlehem is born. - - - II - - See where He lies in manger low, - Whose kingly reign no end shall know. - - - III - - The ox and ass that filled the stall, - Knew that the babe was Lord of all. - - - IV - - Out from the east the sages bring - Their treasures for an offering. - - - V - - They humbly seek the lowly place, - And worship there the King of grace: - - - VI - - The Son of God, who made the earth, - A virgin mother gave Him birth. - - - VII - - No poison from the serpent stains - The human blood that fills His veins; - - - VIII - - And though our flesh He meekly wears, - No mark of sin His nature bears; - - - IX - - That He might man to God restore, - And give the grace that once He wore. - - - X - - Come while our hearts are full of mirth - And bless the Lord of lowly birth. - - - XI - - The Holy Trinity we'll praise, - And give our thanks to God always. - - - - - HEU! QUID JACES STABULO, OMNIUM CREATOR? - -By Jean Momboir, with Johannes Mauburnus for the Latin, and John -Mauburn for the English form of his name. Born in 1460 at Brussels; a -Canon Regular of the Brethren of the Common Life in the Low Countries; -died Abbot of the Cloister of Livry, not far from Paris, in 1502 or -1503. In his large work, the "Spiritual Rose-garden," there is a rosary -on the birth of Christ, consisting of thirteen stanzas, which commence, -_Eja, mea anima, Bethlehem eamus_. The hymn beginning as above consists -of three stanzas taken from that poem. The detached stanzas passed into -many of the older German hymn-books, met with great favour in the early -Reformed Churches, so long as the practice of singing Latin -compositions survived among them, and still retain a place in some -German hymnals in an old translation, with for opening line, _Warum -liegt im Krippelein_. - - - I - - (_Loquitur peccator_) - - Wherefore in the lowly stall, - O Thou great Creator, - Dost Thou raise Thine infant call, - Glorious Renovator? - Where Thy purple if a King? - Where the shouts Thy subjects bring? - Where Thy royal castle? - Here is want with all her train, - Poverty proclaims her reign-- - These Thy court and vassal. - - - II - - (_Jesus respondit_) - - Hither, by My love impelled, - Have I come to save thee; - Sin has long thy nature held, - Powerful to enslave thee. - By My emptiness and woe, - By the grace that I bestow, - Do I seek to fill thee. - By My humble, lowly birth, - By this sacrifice on earth, - Blessing great I will thee. - - - III - - (_Laudant fideles_) - - Songs of praise, ten thousand songs, - Sing I will and laud Thee; - For such grace my spirit longs, - Ever to applaud Thee. - Glory, glory let there be, - Lover of mankind to Thee, - In the heaven supernal. - Let this testimony fly - Over earth, and sea, and sky, - Borne by songs eternal. - - - - - QUICUMQUE CHRISTUM QUAERITIS - -This hymn for the Epiphany forms part of a larger one of very complex -authorship, known as _A solis ortus cardine, Et usque terrae limitem_. -This portion of that Christmas hymn has by some been assigned to St. -Ambrose, but by a majority of judges to Prudentius, "the Horace and -Virgil of the Christians," in the estimate of the scholarly Bentley. -Aurelius Prudentius, Clemens, or the Merciful, was born in 348, -somewhere in the north of Spain. After filling various secular offices -he retired, in his fifty-seventh year, into private life, and devoted -himself to the composition of sacred verse. He died circa 413, but -where we are not told. - - - I - - O ye who seek the Lord, come nigh, - To heaven uplift your reverent eyes, - The Royal Banner of our God - Is blazoned on the midnight skies. - - - II - - Brighter than when the sun at noon - Pours forth its radiance on the earth, - See yonder star its glory sheds, - And tells to man the Saviour's birth. - - - III - - O wisdom seeks the lowly stall, - And takes the guidance of the star, - To worship where the Incarnate lies, - And offer gifts from lands afar: - - - IV - - With incense, worships the Divine, - With gold, a kingly tribute pays, - And at the feet of God made Man, - The myrrh in sweet profusion lays. - - - V - - O Bethlehem, city ever blest! - What honour more could come to thee? - The cradle of the Incarnate God, - Who came to set His Israel free! - - - VI - - O Jesus, to the world revealed! - To Thee let glory ever be, - To Father and to Holy Ghost, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - _Epiphany_ - - - - - JESU, NOSTRA REDEMPTIO - -Probably of the seventh or eighth century. Found in three MSS. of the -eleventh century in the British Museum Library; also in the old Roman, -Sarum, York, and Aberdeen Breviaries. Chandler's rendering of this fine -hymn--"O Christ, our hope, our heart's desire," and which is to be -found in most collections, is the hymn for Evensong on Ascension Day in -that author's "Hymns of the Primitive Church." - - - I - - Thou our Redeemer art, O Christ, - Our heart's desire, our fervent love; - Creator of the worlds, Thou cam'st - To wear our flesh, from heaven above. - - - II - - 'Twas love that brought Thee to our aid, - To bear the burden of our woe, - To bow the head in shameful death, - And life, immortal life, bestow. - - - III - - Asunder burst the bands of hell, - The captives hailed the glorious day; - And by Thy mighty triumph crowned, - Thou art at God's right hand for aye. - - - IV - - O may Thy mercy still abound, - That, by the goodness of Thy grace, - We daily o'er our sin may rise, - And see the beauty of Thy face. - - - V - - Spring of our joy, be Thou, O Christ; - Our great reward, hereafter be; - And while the endless ages run, - Our praises shall be all of Thee. - - - - - EI CANAMUS GLORIAM - -By C. Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ - - - I - - Now let us tune our hearts to sing - The glory of the Almighty King; - His hand unrolled the spacious skies, - Whose beauty lures our wondering eyes. - - - II - - There are the clouds with treasure rare, - Slow floating in the higher air, - Whence come the soft refreshing showers, - To bless the springing of the flowers. - - - III - - Rich is the treasure of Thy grace, - Prepared for us who seek Thy face; - It falls from clouds that earthward roll, - And penetrates the inmost soul. - - - IV - - And faithful hearts that thirsting pine, - Drink deeply of the draught divine, - And with an heavenly impulse rise, - To greet the sunlight in the skies. - - - V - - O happy souls that evermore - Drink of the bliss Thou hast in store; - May grateful love responsive flow - To all the love Thou dost bestow. - - - VI - - Now, glory to the Three in One, - To God the Father, God the Son, - And to the Spirit, one in Three, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - DEUS-HOMO, REX COELORUM - -By Bishop Marbodus. Born in Anjou, 1035; successively Archdeacon of -Angers and Bishop of Rennes; died in 1125. Was author of a poem _De -Gemmis_, which gives a mystical explanation of precious stones much in -favour in the Middle Ages. - - - I - - King of heaven, our nature wearing, - Pity lend the sad despairing; - 'Neath the sway of sin repining, - Formed from dust, to dust declining-- - Tottering in our ruined state, - Strengthen by Thy goodness great. - - - II - - What is man from sin descending? - Child of death, all woes attending. - What is man? a worm that clingeth - To the earth from which he springeth. - Wilt Thou forth Thine anger bring, - On a weak, defenceless thing? - - - III - - Shall not man, who earthward tendeth, - Look to God, who mercy sendeth? - 'Twere a task most unbefitting, - God o'er man in judgment sitting-- - Yet should God in judgment speak, - Where shall man an answer seek? - - - IV - - As the shadow quickly flying, - Faint our life and sure our dying; - As the cloud by tempest driven, - As the grass cut down at even;-- - King of heaven, in mercy great, - Pity the disconsolate. - - - - - _Passion Week_ - - - - - VEXILLA REGIS PRODEUNT - -By Venantius Fortunatus. Born in the district of Treviso, Italy, about -530. In 565 he made a pilgrimage to the shrine of St. Martin at Tours, -and spent the remainder of his years in Gaul. Through the influence of -his friend Queen Rhadegunda, Fortunatus became Bishop of Poitiers in -597. Some place his death in the year 609. Fortunatus must have been an -author of great industry and versatility. He wrote the life of St. -Martin in four books, containing 2245 hexameter lines; he threw off in -profusion vers de societe when wandering from castle to cloister in -Gaul; and he composed a volume of hymns for all the festivals of the -Christian year, which is now unhappily lost. This is his best known -hymn, Dr. Neale's translation of which is inserted for the Fifth Sunday -in Lent, otherwise called Palm Sunday, in "Hymns Ancient and Modern" -_(No. 84)_. - - - I - - See the Royal banners - Wave across the sky, - Bright the mystic radiance, - For the Cross is nigh; - And He who came our flesh to wear, - The Christ of God, was wounded there. - - - II - - Deep the cruel spear thrust, - By the soldier given; - Blood and water mingle, - Where the flesh is riven; - To cleanse our souls the crimson tide - Leapt from the Saviour's riven side. - - - III - - In the distant ages - Zion's harp was strung, - And the faithful saw Him, - While the prophet sung; - Now Israel's Hope the nations see, - For Christ is reigning from the tree. - - - IV - - Tree of wondrous beauty, - Tree of grace and light, - Royal throne to rest on, - Decked with purple bright; - The choice of God, this royal throne - Whence Christ, the King, should rule His own. - - - V - - See the branches drooping! - Laden, see they sway! - For the price of heaven - On those branches lay; - Ah! great the price, that price was paid, - By Him on whom the debt was laid. - - - - - PANGE, LINGUA, GLORIOSI, PROELIUM CERTAMINIS - -This, "one of the first of the Latin mediaeval hymns," has been credited -to St. Hilary. It has also been ascribed to Claudianus Mamertus, who -died in 474. But by the majority of authorities it is regarded as the -composition of Fortunatus, and ranks next to the _Vexilla Regis -prodeunt_ in their estimate. A rendering of it by Keble will be found -in his "Miscellaneous Poems," beginning, "Sing, my tongue, of glorious -warfare," which is Dr. Neale's "Sing, my tongue, the glorious battle," -in a somewhat altered form. - - - I - - Tell, my tongue, the glorious conflict, - Crowned with victory nobly won;-- - More than all the spoil of battle, - Praise the triumph of God's Son; - How by death the crown of conquest - Graced Him when the strife was done. - - - II - - Grieving sore o'er Eden's sorrow - When our race in Adam fell; - And the fatal fruit he tasted, - Welcomed sin, and death, and hell; - God ordained a tree in Zion, - Eden's poison to dispel. - - - III - - In the work of our Redemption - Wisdom met the tempter's foils;-- - On the ground he claimed, the Victor - Fought, and bore away the spoils; - And the bane became the blessing, - Freedom sprang amid his toils. - - - IV - - From the bosom of the Father, - Where He shared the regal crown, - At the time by God appointed, - Came the world's Creator down-- - God incarnate, born of Virgin, - Shorn of glory and renown. - - - V - - List! the voice of infant weeping, - Cradled where the oxen stand, - And the Virgin mother watches, - Tending Him with loving hand,-- - Hands and feet of God she bindeth, - Folding them in swaddling band. - - - VI - - Blessing, blessing everlasting, - To the glorious Trinity; - To the Father, Son, and Spirit, - Equal glory let there be; - Universal praise be given, - To the Blessed One in Three. - - - - - LUSTRA SEX QUI JAM PEREGIT - -By some attributed to St. Ambrose, but generally and with greater -probability to Fortunatus. There is an imitation of this hymn in -English by Bishop Mant, beginning, "See the destined day arise!" one of -the Passion hymns in "Hymns Ancient and Modern" _(No. 99)_. - - - I - - Thirty years by God appointed, - And there dawns the woeful day, - When the great Redeemer girds Him - For the tumult of the fray; - And upon the cross uplifted, - Bears our load of guilt away. - - - II - - Ah! 'tis bitter gall He drinketh, - When His heart in anguish fails;-- - From the thorns His life-blood trickles, - From the spear wound and the nails; - But that crimson stream for cleansing, - O'er creation wide prevails. - - - III - - Faithful Cross! in all the woodland, - Standeth not a nobler tree; - In thy leaf, and flower, and fruitage, - None can e'er thy equal be; - Sweet the wood, and sweet the iron, - Sweet the load that hung on thee. - - - IV - - Noble tree! unbend thy branches, - Let thy stubborn fibres bend, - Cast thy native rigour from thee, - Be a gentle, loving friend; - Bear Him in thine arms, and softly, - Christ, the King eternal, tend. - - - V - - Only thou could'st bear the burden - Of the ransom of our race; - Only thou could'st be a refuge, - Like the ark, a hiding-place, - By the sacred blood anointed, - Of the Covenant of Grace. - - - VI - - Blessing, blessing everlasting, - To the glorious Trinity; - To the Father, Son, and Spirit, - Equal glory let there be; - Universal praise be given, - To the Blessed One in Three. - - - - - CRUX AVE BENEDICTA - -This little poem, which he pronounces "perfect in its kind," is taken -by Trench from Daniel's _Thesaurus_, without any note of author or of -date. - - - I - - Hail, thou Blessed Cross, all hail! - Death no longer can prevail. - On those arms extended high, - Did my King and Saviour die. - - - II - - Queen of all the trees that grow, - Medicine when health is low, - Solace to the cumbered heart, - Comfort thou when sorrows smart. - - - III - - O! most sacred wood, the sign - That eternal life is mine; - On the fruit thy branches give, - Feeds the human heart to live. - - - IV - - When, around the Judgment-seat, - Friends of thine and foes shall meet, - Be my prayer, O Christ, to Thee, - And in love remember me. - - - - - HORAE DE PASSIONE D. N. JESU CHRISTI - -From a fourteenth-century MS., where it bears the title, "Hours of the -Passion of our Lord Jesus Christ, compiled from the Prophets and the -New Testament by the Blessed Pope Urban" _(_b._ 1302, _d._ 1370)._ - - - - - (AD PRIMAM) - (_Tu qui velatus facie_) - - - I - - Veiled was the glory of Thy face, - O Jesus, Lord of heavenly grace, - When mocking knees were bent in scorn, - And bitter stripes were meekly borne. - - - II - - To Thee the prayer of faith we send, - In Thee we hope: O Lord, attend, - And in Thy mercy lead the way - To where Thy glory shines as day. - - - III - - To Thee be highest honours paid, - O Christ, who wast by man betrayed, - Who on the cross of anguish sore - Didst die, that we might die no more. - - - - - (AD TERTIAM) - (_Hora qui ductus tertia_) - - - IV - - O Christ, who in that hour of dread - Forth as a sacrifice wast led; - Who, to retrieve our grievous loss, - Didst bear the burden of the cross. - - - V - - O may Thy Love our hearts inflame; - Be Thy pure life our constant aim; - That we may win the heavenly rest, - And share the glories of the blest. - - - VI - - To Thee be highest honours paid, - O Christ, who wast by man betrayed; - Who on the cross of anguish sore - Didst die, that we might die no more. - - - - - (AD SEXTAM) - (_Crucem pro nobis subiit_) - - - VII - - For us the cruel cross He bare, - Endured the thirst while hanging there-- - O Jesus! Thou hast anguish borne, - Thy hands and feet with nails were torn. - - - VIII - - Honour and blessing be to Thee, - O Christ, who hung upon the tree, - Who, by the offering of Thy grace, - Didst save from death our fallen race. - - - - - (AD NONAM) - (_Beata Christi passio_) - - - IX - - Thy blessed Passion, Christ, be ours, - To set us free from Satan's powers; - To aid our fainting souls to rise - To joys prepared in Paradise. - - - X - - To Christ the Lord all glory be, - Who, hanging on the shameful tree, - Gave up His life with bitter cry, - And saved a world prepared to die. - - - XI - - To Thee be highest honours paid, - O Christ, who wast by man betrayed, - Who, on the cross of anguish sore, - Didst die, that we might die no more. - - - - - (AD COMPLETORIUM) - (_Qui jacuisti mortuus_) - - - XII - - O spotless King, who shared its gloom, - And lay at peace within the tomb, - Teach us to find our rest in Thee, - And sing Thy praise eternally. - - - XIII - - Come to our help, O Lord, who gave - Thy precious blood our souls to save; - Lead us to Thine eternal peace, - Whose sweetest joys shall never cease. - - - - - _Easter_ - - - - - FINITA JAM SUNT PRAELIA - -Of unknown date and authorship. It has not been traced further back -than the _Hymnodia Sacra_, Munster, 1753. - - - I - - Alleluia! Alleluia! - The din of battle now is dead, - And glory crowns the Victor's head; - Let mirth abound, - And songs resound--Alleluia! - - - II - - Alleluia! alleluia! - The bitter pangs of death are past, - And Christ hath vanquished hell at last; - Cheers are ringing, - Psalms are singing--Alleluia! - - - III - - Alleluia! alleluia! - And when the morn appointed broke, - All decked with beauty Christ awoke; - O shout with glee, - Sing merrily--Alleluia! - - - IV - - Alleluia! Alleluia! - Hell hath He closed with His own hand, - The gates of heaven wide open stand; - Let mirth abound, - And songs resound--Alleluia! - - - V - - Alleluia! Alleluia! - 'Tis Thy wounds, O Blessed Jesus-- - 'Tis Thy death from dying frees us, - That living, we - May sing with glee--Alleluia! - - - - - PLAUDITE, COELI! - -A Jesuit hymn, taken by Walraff, in 1806, out of the _Psalteriolum -Cantiorum Catholicarum a Patribus Societati Jesu_. - - - I - - Shout praises, ye heavens, - And sigh them, soft air; - From highest to lowest, - Sing, sing everywhere; - For black clouds of tempest - Are banished from sight; - And spring, crowned with glory, - Is pouring her light. - - - II - - Come forth with the spring-time, - Sweet flow'rets, and spread - Your rich hues around us - Where nature lay dead; - Come, violets modest, - And roses so gay, - With lilies and marigolds, - Spangle the way. - - - III - - Flow joy song in fulness, - Flow higher and higher; - Pour forth thy sweet measures, - Thou murmuring lyre; - O sing, for He liveth, - As truly He said, - Yea, Jesus hath risen - Unharmed from the dead. - - - IV - - Shout praises, ye mountains, - Vales catch the refrain; - Frisk gaily, ye fountains; - Hills, tell it again-- - He liveth, He liveth, - As truly He said; - Yea, Jesus hath risen - Unharmed from the dead. - - - - - MORTIS PORTIS FRACTIS - -By Peter of St. Maurice, sometimes styled Peter of Cluny, but best -known as Peter the Venerable. Born in Auvergne, 1092 or 1094; began -life as a soldier; afterwards became a Benedictine monk; elected abbot -of the monastery of his order at Cluny in Burgundy; died there in 1156 -or 1157. The greater part of his literary activity was given to the -controversy between the Clugnian and Cistercian, or "black" and "white" -monks. This Resurrection hymn is taken from "Some Rhythms, Proses, -Sequences, Verses, and Hymns," contained in the _Bibliotheca -Cluniacencis_, 1623. - - - I - - Burst are the iron gates of death-- - A stronger power prevails; - For, by the cross, the cruel king - Before the Victor quails, - O clear the light that shines afar, - Where darkness held its sway, - For God, who made the light at first, - Restores its gladdening ray. - - - II - - That sinners might for ever live, - The great Creator dies, - And by His death to new estate - Our souls enraptured rise. - There, Satan groaned in baffled hate, - Where Christ our triumph won-- - For what to Him was deathly loss, - To man was life begun. - - - III - - He grasps the envied prize, but fails, - And while he wounds, he dies; - But calmly, and with mighty power, - The King secures the prize; - And, leaving earth, His triumph won, - He seeks His native skies. - - - IV - - And now triumphant o'er the grave, - The Lord to earth returns; - To new create our fallen race, - His soul with ardour burns; - Down to the dwellings of the lost, - To dwell with man He came; - And hearts in grievous bondage held, - Receive Him with acclaim. - - - - - ALLELUIA, DULCE CARMEN - -Found in three MSS. of the eleventh century in the British Museum -Library, and published by the Surtees Society in the "Latin Hymns of -the Anglo-Saxon Church," from a MS. of the eleventh century, in Durham -Library. - - - I - - Alleluia, hymn of sweetness, - Joyful voice of ceaseless praise; - Alleluia, pleasant anthem, - Choirs celestial sweetly raise: - This the song of those abiding - In the house of God always. - - - II - - Alleluia, Mother Salem, - All Thy people joy in song; - Alleluia, walls and bulwarks - Evermore the notes prolong: - Ah! beside the streams of Babel, - Exiled, weep we o'er our wrong. - - - III - - Alleluia, 'tis befitting - That our song should falter here; - Alleluia, can we sing it - When the clouds of wrath appear? - To bemoan our sin with weeping, - Now the time is drawing near. - - - IV - - Trinity, for ever blessed! - May we sing the gladsome lay, - When from sin our souls are severed, - And the clouds have passed away, - And we share the Easter glory, - In the realms of endless day? - - - - - _Ascension_ - - - - - AETERNE REX ALTISSIME - -A hymn of complex authorship and of frequently altered text. - - - I - - Eternal King, enthroned on high, - Redeemer, strong Thy folk to save; - Thee, powerful death, by death o'ercome, - A royal crown of triumph gave. - - - II - - Ascending to the throne of God, - Beyond the glittering host of heaven, - More power than human hand could give - To Thee, victorious King, is given. - - - III - - Three kingdoms bow before Thee now-- - The heavens above, the earth below, - Hell's dark abode--and to their Lord, - On bended knee, submission show. - - - IV - - All awe inspired, the angel host - Behold man's changed estate, amazed; - Our sinful flesh, by flesh renewed, - And man, true God, to Godhead raised. - - - V - - O Christ, with God who dwell'st on high, - Be Thou to us, we humbly pray, - A lasting joy while here we wait, - Our great reward in heaven for aye. - - - VI - - In earnest prayer we come to Thee; - O may our sins be all forgiven, - And lift our hearts by Thy rich grace, - To where Thou art Thyself, in heaven. - - - VII - - That when in clouds of Judgment dire, - Thou com'st with Thine angelic host, - We may escape the avenger's power, - And wear anew the crowns we lost. - - - VIII - - To Thee, O Christ, all glory be, - Victor returning now to heaven; - To Father, and to Holy Ghost, - Let praise through endless years be given. - - - - - POSTQUAM HOSTEM ET INFERNA - -By Adam of St. Victor. _(_See p. 49._)_ - - - I - - Broken are the bands that bound us, - Spoiled are Satan's realms around us, - And to joys supernal now, - Christ returns with hosts attending, - And, as when at first descending, - Angel guards their homage bow. - - - II - - Far above the stars ascending, - Faith alone His course attending, - Passing now from mortal sight; - To His hand all power is given, - One with God He rules in heaven, - One in honour and in might. - - - III - - Victor on His throne uplifted, - See all rule to Him is gifted, - O'er Creation's wide domain. - Now for evermore He liveth, - Nevermore His life He giveth-- - Once the sacrifice was slain. - - - IV - - Once He wore our flesh in weakness, - Once He suffered, once in meekness - Gave Himself for sin to die. - Now no longer pain He knoweth: - Perfect peace for ever floweth, - Perfect joy is ever nigh. - - - - - COELOS ASCENDIT HODIE - -Of unknown date and authorship. The text is in Daniel's _Thesaurus_, -with "Alleluia" as a refrain. Dr. Neale gives it in his "Mediaeval Hymns -and Sequences" as "apparently of the twelfth century." - - - I - - To-day the lingering clouds are riven, - Alleluia! - Our glorious King ascends to heaven, - Alleluia! - - - II - - The heaven and earth His rule obey, - Alleluia! - Who sits at God's right hand for aye, - Alleluia! - - - III - - See, all things are fulfilled at last, - Alleluia! - By David sung in ages past, - Alleluia! - - - IV - - And on the throne of high renown, - Alleluia! - The Lord is with His Lord set down, - Alleluia! - - - V - - Now blessings on our Lord we shower, - Alleluia! - In this chief triumph of His power, - Alleluia! - - - VI - - Let praise the Trinity adore, - Alleluia! - To God be glory evermore, - Alleluia! - - - - - O CHRISTE, QUI NOSTER POLI - -Appeared in the Cluniac Breviary of 1686, and in that of Paris, 1736, -as also in later French Breviaries. From his connection with the -revised Paris Breviary, this hymn has been ascribed to Archbishop -Charles de Vintimille, born 1655, died 1746; but in neither the Cluniac -nor Paris Breviary is it marked as his. Chandler's version of the hymn, -beginning, "O Jesu, who art gone before, To Thy blest realms of light," -appears in Dr. Martineau's "Hymns of Praise and Prayer," with opening -lines altered to, "The Crucified is gone before, To the blest realms of -light," and with other variations. - - - I - - O Christ, who art ascended now - To realms of bliss above, - Inspire our souls to rise to Thee, - Upborne by faith and love. - - - II - - Make us to seek those holy joys, - That they who love receive; - That earthly mind can never know, - Nor faithless soul perceive. - - - III - - There, where Thou art, they reap reward - Who toiled at duty's call; - For Thou dost give Thyself to them, - And Thou art all in all. - - - IV - - By power divine, O let us come - Where glory cannot fade; - And from Thy heavenly throne send down - The Spirit to our aid. - - - V - - To Thee who art at God's right hand, - O Christ, to Thee be praise, - To Father, and to Holy Ghost, - Be glory given always. - - - - - _Whitsuntide_ - - - - - VENI, CREATOR SPIRITUS, - MENTES TUORUM VISITA - -Of the authorship of this grand hymn nothing unquestioned is known. It -has been ascribed to Ambrose, Gregory, Rhabanus Maurus (died 856), and -Charlemagne. The most widely prevalent opinion ascribes it to the -last-named person, but in the judgment of Dr. Julian's assistant-editor -"the hymn is clearly not the work of St. Ambrose nor of Charles the -Great. Nor is there sufficient evidence to allow us to ascribe it -either to Gregory the Great, to Rhabanus Maurus, or to any of the -ecclesiastics connected with the court of Charles the Fat." The hymn -has not yet been found in any MS. earlier than the latter part of the -tenth century. - - - I - - Come, Thou Creator Spirit blest, - And with Thy grace our minds pervade; - May Thy sweet presence ever dwell - Within the souls which Thou hast made. - - - II - - Thou Holy Paraclete! the Gift - Sent down to earth from God Most High, - Thou Font of Life and fire and love, - Thy holy unction now apply. - - - III - - Sevenfold Thy gifts to us are given, - Of God's right hand the Finger Thou; - The promise of the Father's grace, - With gifts of tongues, Thou dost endow. - - - IV - - Make our dull sense enraptured glow, - And let our hearts o'erflow with love; - The weakness of our flesh inspire - With heavenly valour from above. - - - V - - Far from our souls the foe repel, - And let us know the bliss of peace; - Guide Thou our steps, that evermore - Our hearts may learn from sin to cease. - - - VI - - Lead us the Father's love to know; - Reveal to us the Eternal Son; - And Thee, the Sent of both, we'll praise, - While everlasting ages run. - - - - - VENI, SANCTE SPIRITUS ET EMITTE COELITUS - -A sequence universally regarded as one of the masterpieces of sacred -Latin poetry. As in the case of the _Veni, Creator Spiritus_, the -authorship is matter of dispute. Robert II. of France, Hermannus -Contractus (born 1013, died 1054), Stephen Langton the Archbishop of -Canterbury, Pope Innocent III.--these have all in turn been credited -with its production. Dr. Julian, the greatest living authority, sums up -the matter of authorship thus: "The sequence is clearly not earlier -than about the beginning of the thirteenth century. It is certainly -neither by Robert II. nor by Hermannus Contractus. The most probable -author is Innocent III." - - - I - - Holy Spirit, come with power; - Let Thy light, in darkest hour, - Shine upon our onward way. - Father of the humble heart, - Come, Thy choicest gifts impart-- - Light our hearts with heavenly ray. - - - II - - Thou canst best the heart console; - Sweet Thy sojourn with the soul-- - Cooling breath at noon of day, - Calm Thy rest in toil and care, - Soft Thy shade in noontide glare-- - Thou dost chase our tears away. - - - III - - O! Thou blessed Light of light! - Let Thy beams in radiance bright - Fill our inmost heart for aye. - If Thou come not with Thy grace, - Nought of worth can take Thy place, - Nought but leads the soul astray. - - - IV - - What is filthy, come, renew; - What is parched, with grace bedew; - Heal the wounded in the way. - What is stubborn, gently bend; - To the chilled the life-glow send; - Bring the erring 'neath Thy sway. - - - V - - To the faithful who repose - In the love Thy grace bestows, - Be Thy sevenfold gift alway-- - Rich reward for service given, - Hope in death and joy in heaven, - Joy untold that lasteth aye. - - - - - O FONS AMORIS, SPIRITUS - -By Charles Coffin. _(_See p. 3._)_ It is a recast of the _Nunc nobis, -Sancte Spiritus_ of St. Ambrose. - - - I - - O Holy Spirit, font of love, - Thou source of life, and joy, and peace, - With holy fire come from above, - And bid our hearts their warmth increase. - - - II - - O Thou who didst with love's strong cord - Unite the Father and the Son, - May we who love a common Lord, - In mutual love be bound in one. - - - III - - Now to the Father throned on high, - And unto Christ His only Son, - And to the Spirit, glory be, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - _Trinity_ - - - - - TU TRINITATIS UNITAS - -A cento. Added to the Roman Breviary in 1568. In a subsequent edition -it is the hymn for Lauds on Trinity Sunday. It is made up of the first -stanza of a hymn with the same opening, and of the third stanza of the -composition, _AEterna coeli gloria_, with a doxology added. - - - I - - O Thou Eternal One in Three, - Dread Ruler of the earth and sky, - Accept the praise we yield to Thee, - Who, waking, lift our songs on high. - - - II - - The star that tells the approach of day - Is lingering in the glow of morn, - And night and darkness fade away-- - O Holy Light, our souls adorn! - - - III - - To God the Father throned in heaven, - To Christ the One Begotten Son, - And to the Spirit praise be given, - Now, and while endless ages run. - - - - - O PATER SANCTE, MITIS ATQUE PIE - -Found in two MSS. of the eleventh century, and included in the York, -Sarum, and Aberdeen Breviaries. - - - I - - O Holy Father, gracious Thou and tender; - O Jesus Christ, Thou much adored Son; - Spirit most sweet, Thou Paraclete, Defender, - Eternally one! - - - II - - Trinity Holy, Unity abiding, - True God Thou art, unbounded goodness Thou, - Light of the angels, trust of the confiding, - We hope in Thee now. - - - III - - Thee all creation pays eternal homage; - Thee all Thy creatures songs of glory raise; - Now come we humbly, joining in the chorus, - O hear Thou our praise. - - - IV - - Glory to Thee, O God of power almighty, - Triune yet One, and great Thou art and high; - Hymns fitly tell Thy honour, praise, and glory, - and eternally. - - - - - ADESTO, SANCTA TRINITAS - -Authorship unknown. It first occurs in a MS. of the eleventh century in -the British Museum Library, has a place in the English Breviaries of -York, Hereford, and St. Albans, and is printed in the "Latin Hymns of -the Anglo-Saxon Church." - - - I - - Be present, Holy Trinity, - One glory Thou, one Deity; - Where'er creation's bounds extend, - Thou art beginning without end. - - - II - - The hosts of heaven Thy praise proclaim, - Adoring, tell Thy matchless fame; - Earth's threefold fabric joins the song, - To bless Thee through the ages long. - - - III - - And we, Thy humble servants, now - To Thee in adoration bow; - Our suppliant vows and prayers unite - With hymns that fill the realms of light. - - - IV - - One Light, we Thee our homage pay, - We worship Thee, O triple ray; - Thou First and Last, we speak Thy fame, - And every spirit lauds Thy name. - - - V - - Praise to the Eternal Father be; - Thou only Son, all praise to Thee; - And Holy Ghost to Thee be praise, - Great Triune God, yet One always. - - - - - _All Saints_ - - - - - PUGNATE, CHRISTE MILITES - -Given in editions of the Paris Breviary subsequent to 1736, along with -the hymn _Coelestis O Jerusalem_, for the vigil of All Saints Day at -Lauds. Author not traced. - - - I - - Christian soldiers in the conflict! - Bear the banner of the cross; - Rich reward shall crown the victor, - More than recompense for loss. - - - II - - Not with paltry palms that wither - Shall the brow be gaily crowned, - But with light that shines eternal, - And with heavenly joy renowned. - - - III - - Yours are mansions fair and comely-- - There your souls in bliss shall rest; - Stars shall sparkle in their radiance, - On the pathway of the blest. - - - IV - - Earthly joys are faint and fleeting, - Earthly favours quickly fade; - Heavenwards lift your eyes, expecting - There your true reward is laid. - - - V - - God be praised who crowns the victor, - Christ be praised who saves from sin; - Equal praise to God the Spirit, - By whose aid we fight and win. - - - - - AUDI NOS, REX CHRISTE - -This pilgrim or processional hymn was first published from a MS. of the -eleventh century by Du Mevil at Paris, 1847; reprinted by Neale in his -_Hymni Ecclesiae_, in 1851, as _Cantus Peregrinatorum_. - - - I - - Hear us, O Christ, our King; - Lord, hear the prayer we bring, - And take the ordering of our way. - - - _Refrain_ - - _Thy mercy, Lord, extend;_ - _Thy mercy, Lord, extend,_ - _And take the ordering of our way._ - - - II - - O Three in Unity! - Protect us all each day: - In this Thy path divine we pray. - - - III - - Send us a faithful guide: - An angel to abide, - Whose hand shall lead us to Thy throne. - - - IV - - Our upward path direct, - From every foe protect, - And bring us back to claim our own. - - - V - - Thy strong right arm extend, - And with Thy left defend, - And save us from the enemy. - - - VI - - O Thou Creator wise, - Soon may our longing eyes - The glory of Thy kingdom see. - - - VII - - Now glory let there be, - O Father, unto Thee, - From age to age eternally. - - - - - _Communion_ - - - - - EJA O DULCIS ANIMA - -Author unknown. Belonging, according to Mone, to the thirteenth or -fifteenth century. - - - I - - See, sweet soul, my sister dear, - Now the bridegroom neareth; - Haste, prepare a place for Him - Who in love appeareth. - - - II - - Soon He comes, a gentle guest, - Comes with heart o'erflowing; - All the best that heaven affords - In His love bestowing. - - - III - - Where His gracious presence is - There is joy unending; - Blessing with His friendship comes, - Every bliss transcending. - - - IV - - Yea, He comes to rest awhile, - Thee with love entwining; - At thy board He'll take His place, - By thy side reclining. - - - V - - Up, my soul, to meet thy Spouse; - Hark! His footfall sounding; - In thy bosom He will dwell - With His love abounding. - - - VI - - Hold Him fast in fond embrace; - Say thou'lt leave Him never, - Till the blessing of His love - Rest on thee for ever. - - - - - O ESCA VIATORUM - -Ascribed by some to Thomas Aquinas, but believed by latest and best -authorities to have been composed by some unknown German Jesuit of the -seventeenth century. It has not been traced further back than the Mainz -_Gesang-Buch_ of 1661, where it is styled "Hymn on the true Bread of -Heaven." - - - I - - O Food for pilgrims pining! - O Bread for angels shining! - O Manna fresh from heaven! - In bountiful completeness, - O may Thy heavenly sweetness - To hungering hearts be given. - - - II - - O Font of love surprising, - From Jesu's heart uprising! - A pure refreshing flow; - Nought else our thirst allayeth-- - For this the pilgrim prayeth-- - This draught of love bestow. - - - III - - Thy face we come revering, - O Jesus, now appearing - In sacramental rite. - O when in heaven, before it - Unveiled, may we adore it, - Our faith absorbed in sight. - - - - - JESU, DULCEDO CORDIUM - -In the Paris Breviary of 1736, this is the hymn for Lauds for the -festival of the Transfiguration. It is composed of six stanzas of the -Gospel Rhythm of St. Bernard, beginning, _Jesu, dulcis memoria_, the -fourth stanza of which begins, _Jesu, dulcedo Cordium_. - - - I - - Jesu, delight of every heart, - Thou font of life, Thou source of light, - Earth can no joy so real impart, - No soul can form a hope so bright. - - - II - - Abide with us, O Lord, we pray, - And cause Thy heavenly light to glow; - Drive from our minds the clouds away, - And let the world Thy sweetness know. - - - III - - When Thou dost seek the humble heart, - Thy heavenly truth is freely given; - Then vanities of earth depart, - Then glows the fervent love of heaven. - - - IV - - O Jesus, of Thy wondrous grace, - Make us Thy boundless love to know; - And when we see Thee face to face, - To us Thy matchless glory show. - - - V - - They know how sweet the Lord can be, - Who deeply drink His love divine; - How blest, who find their all in Thee, - Nor thirst for other joys than Thine. - - - VI - - O Thou the spring whence pity flows! - Light from the Fatherland to cheer! - To us Thy glorious light disclose, - Nor let dark clouds afflict us here. - - - - - VERBUM SUPERNUM PRODIENS - -By St. Thomas of Aquino, the Angelical Doctor. Born about 1225-1227; -educated in the Benedictine monastery at Monte Cassino, and at the -University of Naples. Having resolved to become a Dominican friar, St. -Thomas, after much opposition from his family, took the vows of -obedience, celibacy, and poverty at Naples, in 1243. The remainder of -his life was spent in the service of the Church at Paris, Cologne, -Rome, Naples, Bologna. When on his way to attend the Second Council of -Lyons, he died in the Benedictine abbey of Fossa Nuova, in the diocese -of Terracina, in 1274. This hymn was written about 1263 for the office -for use on Corpus Christi. It is found in the Roman, Mozarabic, York, -Sarum, Aberdeen, Paris, and other Breviaries, its primary use being at -Lauds in Corpus Christi. - - - I - - The Word, proceeding from above, - Yet still at God's right hand in heaven, - Came to His work impelled by love, - And soon life's day declined to even. - - - II - - A traitor in His chosen band - Betrays his Lord to death and grave; - But ere He died, with His own hand - Himself as food to man He gave. - - - III - - In double form the gift was made; - He gave them of His flesh and blood, - That so the feast His love purveyed, - Might prove for man sufficient food. - - - IV - - By birth a friend in Him we find; - As food He fills the festal board; - In death the ransom of our kind; - In heaven He is our great reward. - - - V - - O Saving Sacrifice! that made - The gates of heaven stand open wide, - Be Thou our strength, come to our aid, - When foes would crush on every side. - - - VI - - To Thee, Good Shepherd, who for meat - Dost give Thy flesh to feed Thine own, - To Father, and to Paraclete, - Be praise through ages yet unknown. - - - - - _Death and Judgment_ - - - - - GRAVI ME TERRORE PULSAS - -By Peter Damiani. Born at Ravenna about 988; became a "religious" of -the order of the Monks of the Holy Cross of Fontavellano, of which -community he subsequently became the Superior, founding in his day five -monasteries under the same rule; was induced by Pope Stephen IX. to -accept the position of Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia, an office he was -allowed to resign by Pope Alexander II. in 1062. In retirement he lived -a life of great asceticism and self-mortification. On his return -journey from Ravenna, whither he had gone as Papal legate on a mission -of inquiry and reform, he died of fever at Faenza, in the monastery of -Our Lady, 1072. - - - I - - Terror grim the soul oppresses - When the day of death is near; - Sighs the heart, the reins are sundered, - Quakes each part with anxious fear; - While the mind the woe detaileth - Of the conflict to appear. - - - II - - Spectacle all woe inspiring - Who its terror can pourtray? - See, the course of life is ended, - And the sickening flesh gives way, - For the wrestling soul in triumph - Breaks the bands that bid her stay. - - - III - - Sense decays, and fails expression; - Dark the world to melting eye; - And the troubled breast in anguish, - Gasping, breathes her burdened sigh; - Grace of form and glow of beauty, - From the withering body die. - - - IV - - Thoughts, and words, and deeds forgotten, - Crowd around in grim array; - And unwilling eyes behold them, - Be they closed or turned away; - In the heart they seem to rankle, - Turn he wheresoe'er he may. - - - V - - Vain the vow of new obedience-- - Time for vowing is no more; - Vain the sorrow of repentance, - For the day of grace is o'er; - Conscience now the tortured sinner - Gnaws with pangs unfelt before. - - - VI - - Draughts of sweet deluding pleasure - Give the bitter dregs at last; - Come, unending pain and anguish, - With the short-lived rapture past; - Then, what once appeared so worthy, - Is aside as worthless cast. - - - VII - - Then, O Christ, Thou King victorious, - Come with succour in my plight; - When the soul is freed from bondage, - In its hour of darkest night; - Come, O Christ, Thy help extending, - Free me from the accuser's might. - - - VIII - - Headlong may the Prince of Darkness - With the hosts infernal fall! - Thou, the Shepherd of Salvation, - Bid me follow at Thy call, - To the land where fulness dwelleth, - And those eyes shall see it all. - - - - - APPROPINQUAT ENIM DIES IN QUA JUSTES ERIT QUIES - -A cento taken from the hymn, _Heu! Heu! mala mundi vita_, published by -Du Mevil in 1847, from a MS. of the twelfth century, in the National -Library at Paris. The poem from which the cento is taken consists of -nearly four hundred lines, and the cento begins at line 325. - - - I - - Lo, the day, the day approacheth - When the just shall rest in peace, - When the patient souls shall triumph, - And the vile from troubling cease. - - - II - - Day of life, who can abide it? - Day of light, unseen before; - Death, the fell destroyer, dieth, - Night and darkness are no more. - - - III - - See He comes whom ages longed for-- - Long expected King of kings-- - Now He tarries not, and with Him - All His great salvation brings. - - - IV - - O how blessed! O how joyful! - O what sweetness it shall be! - When the eyes of those who loved Him - Shall their Lord and Master see. - - - V - - Jesus then with sweet affection, - And in tones of tenderest love, - Shall invite His faithful people - To the joys prepared above. - - - VI - - "Ye who held My truth unsullied, - Faithful stood in world of sin, - Suffered for the name ye honoured, - See the joys ye sought to win. - - - VII - - "See the heavenly kingdom promised, - Long reserved, but now revealed; - Now behold it, now possess it, - Now the princely sceptre wield." - - - VIII - - O how sweet our earthly losses, - In the midst of gain like this! - O how vain the world's possessions, - At the cost of so much bliss! - - - IX - - O how blessed then the mourners, - Who for Christ earth's sorrow bore, - By a scornful world neglected! - They shall reign for evermore. - - - X - - Now no terror grim shall haunt them-- - Tears and sorrows are no more; - Grinding want shall ne'er afflict them, - Crippled age nor weakness sore. - - - XI - - Peace eternal there abideth, - Hearts with festive gladness bound; - There is youth with perfect vigour, - And with bloom unfading crowned. - - - XII - - O just Judge! in boundless mercy - Call me heavenward by-and-by, - For my soul is faint with longing, - And I wait with tearful eye. - - - - - _Heaven_ - - - - - JERUSALEM LUMINOSA VERAE PACIS VISIO - -The second in a group of three hymns, of all which the author is quite -unknown. First published by Mone from a fifteenth century MS., at -Karlsruhe. This hymn has for title in the original, _De Gloria -Coelestis Jerusalem quoad dotes Glorificati Corporis_--"Of the Glory of -the Heavenly Jerusalem, so far as concerns the endowments of the -Glorified Body," and was a favourite at dedications and other -festivals. All the three of the series will be found, with English -renderings, in Dr. Neale's "Hymns, chiefly Mediaeval, on the Joys and -Glories of Paradise." - - - I - - O city girt with glory! - Thou scene of quiet rest, - Where dwells the King Eternal-- - O beautiful and blest! - Thy streets are filled with glorious song, - The praises of a myriad throng. - - - II - - With stones of polished beauty - Is reared thy structure fair; - And gems, and gold, and crystal - Are sparkling everywhere; - With pearls thy gates are glittering gay, - And golden is thy bright highway. - - - III - - For ever and in sweetness - Are Alleluias given; - Unending is the feast day, - The royal feast of heaven; - Whate'er within thy walls is stored, - Is pure and holy to the Lord. - - - IV - - No clouds with sombre curtain - Thy glorious brightness screen; - There shines the Sun Eternal, - And aye at noonday seen; - There is no night to give repose, - For no one toil or trouble knows. - - - V - - The vernal glow of springtime - Is bright and lasting there, - The wealth of summer's richness - Is scattered everywhere; - And that fair realm can never know - The autumn's blast or winter's snow. - - - VI - - The notes that fall in sweetness, - Where birds in woodland sing; - The sounds of softest music, - That winds in summer bring, - Are wafted o'er that city bright, - In strains of unalloyed delight. - - - VII - - There youth adorned with vigour - Ne'er into age declines; - No aged fears the mortal, - Nor for the past repines; - For past and future are unknown: - The present reigns in heaven alone. - - - VIII - - No fleshly law can triumph, - And over reason ride; - With bodies pure and stainless - The spirit shall abide; - And power of flesh, and power of will, - Shall both one common law fulfil. - - - IX - - O bright the heavenly glory, - This fragile frame shall wear, - When health, and strength, and freedom - Shall crown with beauty rare; - And pleasure's draughts no sorrow know, - But everlasting joys bestow. - - - X - - Now gladly bear the burden; - With zeal thy task maintain, - And gifts shall crown thy labour, - And all thy loss be gain, - When decked with splendour thou shalt be, - Where glory dwells eternally. - - - - - URBS BEATA HIERUSALEM, Part I - -The author of this fine old rugged hymn is unknown. It is conjectured -to be of sixth- or seventh-century date. It passed into many mediaeval -Breviaries, sometimes entire, but often divided into two parts. It was -largely used for the dedication of churches. - - - Part I. - - - I - - O vision bright of heavenly peace, - Jerusalem on high, - With living stones Thy walls are built, - All beauteous to the eye; - A high-born bride, the angels stand - Around Thee, an attendant band. - - - II - - From heaven she cometh down prepared - Her nuptial hour to grace; - With jewels decked she shall be led - To see her Bridegroom's face. - O fair her streets, her bulwarks fair, - For purest gold is everywhere. - - - III - - Her gates, adorned with glowing pearl, - Stand open day and night, - And hither come the faithful souls, - And enter in His right, - For whom they bore the cruel shame, - That earth has linked to His dear name. - - - IV - - All precious stones and shapely all, - By sore affliction made; - Each in its place the Heavenly King - With His own hand has laid-- - Such was the plan, that with the Elect - The walls of Zion should be decked. - - - - - Part II. - - - I - - Most firm the sure foundation stands, - And strong the corner-stone, - To bear the walls that proudly rise, - And bind them into one; - And Zion all her trust will lay - Upon the strength of Christ alway. - - - II - - Within that city, God beloved, - Flow streams of praise along; - And towers and bulwarks echo forth - The gladness of the song; - 'Tis praise to God continually, - The Three in One, the One in Three. - - - III - - Within Thine earthly temple, Lord, - We meet to seek Thy face; - O in Thy loving kindness, hear, - Diffuse Thy heavenly grace; - Grant, as Thy people humbly bow, - Thine ample benediction now. - - - IV - - Be found of all who seek Thee here, - And every need supply-- - The joys of heaven that cheer the soul, - When streams of earth are dry; - And in the greatness of Thy love, - Hereafter, open heaven above. - - - - - INDEX OF FIRST LINES - - - PAGE - - A - Alleluia! Alleluia! 87 - Alleluia, hymn of sweetness 93 - - B - Be present, Holy Trinity 119 - Broken are the bands that bound us 100 - Burst are the iron gates of death 91 - - C - Christ, the light that shines eternal 32 - Christian soldiers in the conflict 123 - Come, Thou Creator Spirit blest 109 - - D - Dark night has drawn her curtain round 34 - - E - Emmanuel, come! we call for Thee 45 - Eternal King, enthroned on high 97 - - F - For us the cruel cross He bare 82 - From the Father's throne descending 27 - - G - Gone are the shades of night 23 - - H - Hail, thou blessed cross, all hail! 78 - Hear us, O Christ, our King 125 - Holy Spirit, come with power 111 - - J - Jesu, delight of every heart 133 - - K - King of heaven, our nature wearing 65 - - L - Let us tune our hearts and voices 49 - Lo, the day, the day approacheth 143 - - M - Maker of the world, we pray 22 - My heart goes forth in love to Thee 20 - - N - Now daylight floods the morning sky 15 - Now let us tune our hearts to sing 63 - Now sinks the fiery orb of day 38 - Now sinks the glowing orb of day 25 - - O - O Christ, who art ascended now 104 - O Christ, who in that hour of dread 81 - O city girt with glory 149 - O day, the chief of days, whose light 3 - O Food for pilgrims pining 131 - O God, I love Thee, not alone 11 - O Holy Father, gracious Thou and tender 118 - O Holy Spirit, font of love 114 - O Jesus, when I think of Thee 17 - O Light that from the light wast born 5 - O spotless King, who shared its gloom 83 - O Thou Eternal One in Three 7 - O Thou Eternal One in Three 117 - O vision bright of heavenly peace 153 - O ye who seek the Lord, come nigh 57 - - S - See in the east the morn arise 36 - See, sweet soul, my sister dear 129 - See the royal banners 69 - Shout praises, ye heavens 89 - - T - Tell, my tongue, the glorious conflict 72 - Terror grim the soul oppresses 139 - The din of battle now is dead 87 - The Word, proceeding from above 135 - Thirty years by God appointed 75 - Thou, blest Creator of the light 13 - Thou our Redeemer art, O Christ 61 - Thou who hast led our steps this day 30 - Thy blessed passion, Christ, be ours 82 - Thy works, O God, Thy name extol 9 - To-day the lingering clouds are riven 102 - To Thee, O Christ, our prayers shall rise 41 - - V - Veiled was the glory of Thy face 80 - - W - When evening shades around us close 43 - Wherefore in the lowly stall 54 - - Z - Zion is glad this glorious morn 52 - - - _Printed by_ Ballantyne, Hanson & Co. - _Edinburgh and London_ - - - - - Transcriber's Notes - - ---Silently corrected several minor typographical errors. - ---Moved Footnotes to the end of the file (and added Footnotes to Table - of Contents). - ---Retained original copyright information (this text is public domain - in the country of publication.) - ---Generated an original cover image, released for unrestricted use with - this eBook. - - - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Hymns of the Early Church, by John Brownlie - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HYMNS OF THE EARLY CHURCH *** - -***** This file should be named 44039.txt or 44039.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/4/0/3/44039/ - -Produced by Stephen Hutcheson, Dave Morgan and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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