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diff --git a/43969.txt b/43969.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 60ddfff..0000000 --- a/43969.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4093 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of With the Ulster Division in France, by -Arthur Purefoy Irwin Samuels and Dorothy Gage Samuels - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: With the Ulster Division in France - A Story of the 11th Battalion Royal Irish Rifles (South - Antrim Volunteers), From Bordon to Thiepval. - -Author: Arthur Purefoy Irwin Samuels - Dorothy Gage Samuels - -Release Date: October 17, 2013 [EBook #43969] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK WITH THE ULSTER DIVISION IN FRANCE *** - - - - -Produced by Demian Katz, Paul Clark and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (Images -courtesy of the Digital Library@Villanova University -(http://digital.library.villanova.edu/)) - - - - - - - Transcriber's Note: - - Every effort has been made to replicate this text as faithfully as - possible, including inconsistent use of accents. Some changes have - been made. They are listed at the end of the text. Illustrations - have been moved. - - Italic text has been marked with _underscores_. - - - - - [Illustration] - - With the Ulster Division - in France. - - _From Bordon to Thiepval._ - - _A Story of the 11th Battalion - ROYAL IRISH RIFLES - (South Antrim Volunteers)._ - - - - - THIS BOOK - IS - Dedicated to the people of Ulster - - [Illustration] - - In remembrance of those - who have given their lives - for their King and Country. - - - - - WITH - THE ULSTER DIVISION - IN FRANCE. - - A STORY OF THE 11th BATTALION - ROYAL IRISH RIFLES - (South Antrim Volunteers), - - From BORDON to THIEPVAL. - - IN FOUR PARTS, - INCLUDING PHOTOGRAPHS AND MAPS. - BY - A.P.I.S. AND D.G.S. - - [Illustration: QUIS SEPARABIT] - - "The sequel of to-day unsolders all - The goodliest fellowship of famous knights - Whereof this world holds record: - Such a sleep they sleep--the men I loved, - I think that we shall never more, at any future time, - Delight our souls with talk of knightly deeds - Walking about the gardens and the halls - Of Camelot, as in the days that were." - - _From "The Passing of Arthur,"_ - --LORD TENNYSON. - - - BELFAST: - WILLIAM MULLAN & SON, 4 DONEGALL PLACE. - - - - -[Illustration: THE KING REVIEWING THE ULSTER DIVISION.] - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The appearance of this little book needs a word of explanation. While -at the front with the Ulster Division, the late Captain A. P. I. -Samuels, had kept a very complete record of events, and collected -all the material available, with the object of being in a position, -some day, to publish an account of the doings of the Division, and -particularly of his own Battalion, the 11th Royal Irish Rifles (South -Antrim Volunteers.) It has been willed, however, that he should not be -spared to carry out his intention. Like so many of his gallant comrades -he gave his life for his country, being killed in action on September -24th, 1916. His name is now on Ulster's Roll of Honour, among those -whose death has brought unspeakable grief to thousands of our homes, -and yet has filled the hearts of Ulstermen and women with pride, and -bequeathed such renown to our Province as will last while it endures. -His papers, and the materials he had gathered have naturally come into -my hands, and I have endeavoured, though in a very small and inadequate -manner, to carry out the purpose for which they were collected. - -This little book does not profess to be in any way a history of the -Ulster Division, nor even of the 11th Batt. Royal Irish Rifles. Being -compiled from the diary of Captain Samuels, supplemented by the records -he was able to obtain, its scope is necessarily limited, and the story -closes with the historic advance of the Ulster Division on the Somme at -Thiepval on 1st July, 1916. In some respects this necessary limitation -is a fitting one. To many in Ulster this great event marks in reality -the passing of the glorious Division recruited during the first six -months of the war, trained by Battalions in various camps in Ireland, -and finally, as a Complete Division, at Seaford and Borden, before -being sent to France. True, those permitted to survive that awful shock -of July 1st, and those drafts in reserve at home remained to carry -the fame of Ulster to Messines Ridge and Cambrai, but the Division -was never again quite the same as before that memorable day. At that -time it was unique. All its members were identified with the Northern -Province. Each Battalion was recruited from some particular part, and -even small districts and villages were represented separately in the -Companies and Platoons. It was inevitable that after the Somme battle -distinctive units should become merged, and that as the war progressed -officers and men should find their way to the 36th Division who were -not strictly representative of Ulster. - -It is hoped that these memoirs may be of interest to Ulster people as -describing the everyday life of a unit of their Division during its -first eight months in France before the novelty of the life in billets -and in trenches had worn off, and become merely monotonous, and while -the point of view was still that of the native Ulsterman rather than -the British soldier. - -[Illustration: THE REVIEW OF THE ULSTER DIVISION.] - - - - -PART I. - - -We fell in at 4 o'clock on the afternoon of October 4, 1915, on the -parade ground of St. Lucia Barracks, Borden. So mechanical a proceeding -is a regimental parade, and so extremely heavy were the packs that -we carried, that there was little opportunity for pondering over the -changed conditions that we were soon to undergo. As far as the men were -concerned--and the same applied to a large number of the officers--they -had left their homes and all that home implied when they left Ireland -three months before. - -As we marched to the station we were struck by the apathy displayed -by the few civilians we saw. There was no cheering, waving of -handkerchiefs, or kissing of hands; even the children, making mud -pies on the side of the road did not trouble to look up. We were only -one of the many units that had passed down that same road during the -previous fourteen months. It was almost an everyday sight now for the -people who lived there to see regiments entraining for France. So it -was, that as we marched down the short road to Borden station, we felt -that we were only going on our business, and that those plain-clothed -civilians--many of them young and physically fit men--were going on -theirs. At Borden station the somewhat questionable spirits of the men -were revived by large cups of excellent tea, brought round by ladies, -a parting kindness which was greatly appreciated, and which none of -us will forget. The first train, with Brigade Headquarters, Battalion -Headquarters, and A and B Companies, steamed out of the station at 5-10 -p.m., followed at 5-35 by the second train with C and D Companies. -Blinds were drawn in the carriages soon after starting, and with only -one stop the train ran through to Folkestone Pier, where we went on -board the transport "Onward." At 9-35 p.m. we left the shores of -England, bound for France and the unknown. A war-time cross-channel -steamer, converted into a troopship for short runs, is as uncomfortable -a form of craft as one can wish to sail in, and the "Onward" was no -exception to the rule. In addition to our battalion there were several -drafts, principally from Scotch regiments, on board. Luckily it was a -fine, warm night, and the sea was as smooth as glass. The dining-room -and lounge were boarded up and stripped as bare as a barrack floor, -while the corridors, and every available inch of accommodation below -were packed with men, in all those extraordinary attitudes, recumbent -and sprawling, which the sleeping Tommy can only adopt. On deck it was -just the same, and quite impossible to walk from one end of the boat to -the other. There were strict orders against smoking on deck, and the -task of the unfortunate officer, whose sense of duty was sufficiently -strong to prevent him from winking at any breach of discipline, was -unenviable. A cigarette, like Nerissa's candle, throws a long beam, -and every effort to reach the culprit was fraught with such curses and -mutterings from the bodies over which one stumbled, that it would have -disheartened even the adamant spirit of the Secretary for War himself. - -We reached Boulogne at 11-30 p.m., and, after the usual disembarkation -formalities, in which the Disembarkation Officers and R.T.O.'s always -seem to exercise their unlimited powers to the full, the Battalion fell -in by companies about 300 yards down the pier. In the darkness and -heavy rain which now began to fall this proceeding took a considerable -amount of time, but after half an hour we moved off, all thoroughly -soaked through. At the best of times the way from the pier at Boulogne -to the Rest Camp, some distance out of the town, is not pleasant, -but that October night it was particularly bad. The streets were wet -and slippery, the men heavily laden with blankets and equipment, and -the road up to the Rest Camp led up a steep incline. The leading -company, however, stepped out at their normal pace. A few, mindful of -the landing of the original Expeditionary Force, and the ever famous -"Tipperary" scenes, burst into song, but the Frenchman retires early to -bed, and, with the exception of one long, thin arm fluttering a pocket -handkerchief from a top window, we saw no sign of life in the deserted -streets. After a very steep climb of about two miles, we came to the -Rest Camp, and a series of gasoline flares lit up the muddy flats on -which the tents were pitched. The mud, ankle deep, sucked up round our -boots, and torrents of rain danced in the puddles. It was a matter of -ten minutes before each company was allotted its area, and after that, -in less time than it takes to tell, the sleep, which only those who -have spent a night in a Rest Camp at Boulogne know, had fallen on all. - -The day after we landed was an easy one. No orders came as to moving, -and the time was spent by our men in parading about the camp, sleeping, -and talking to the numerous women and small boys who wandered round -the railings, clamouring for "biscuit," "penny," or "bully beef." So -urgent was the appeal for these commodities, that the men took it for -granted that the entire population of France was starving, and handed -over that somewhat elusive "unconsumed portion" of the previous day's -ration, or any that remained of it. As the day wore on and word was -received that there would be no move until the following morning, some -of the officers were allowed into town in the afternoon. Boulogne in -war-time is not an interesting place, and an hour was sufficient for -exploration purposes. With the exception of a few French territorials, -guarding the bridges and railway station, the town seemed to be -entirely handed over to the British, whose motor ambulances glided in -every direction. The "Cambria," with her green and white topsides and -large Red Cross flag at her masthead, lay alongside at the quay, a -sight to make one home-sick, which brought one's mind back to Dublin -Bay and Kingstown Harbour in the days of peace. It rained off and on -all day, and was bitterly cold, an early foretaste of the bitter winds -we were to experience in France. We fell in next morning, Wednesday, -6th October, at 10-15, and marched to the Central station, where we -entrained. Speculation was rife as to where we were going, whether -Belgium, which savoured of Ypres and all that that name implied, or -the new line between Arras and the Somme. The latter was a sector taken -over by the British from the French in the July preceding, and had the -name of being quiet and pleasant compared to the more northerly parts -of the line. As the day wore on and we steamed South through Abbeville, -and finally came to Amiens, there was no doubt as to our destination. -From Amiens we moved on to a side line, and at 6-15 came to Flesselles, -a small town about 15 miles south of Amiens, where we detrained. It -was a lovely autumn evening, and with a slight breeze blowing from the -East, and as we stood fallen in ready to move off from the station, we -heard the low rumble and occasional growl of a big gun. From Flesselles -we had to march some twelve kilometres to Rubenpre, which was to be -our billeting town. Very heavily laden as we all were, officers and -men, again the mistake was made of setting too fast a pace. It was an -exceptionally warm evening, the men were tired, hungry and thirsty, -after the long train journey, and as an hour, and then two, passed by, -and we still appeared to be some distance from our town, the softer -hearts in the battalion collapsed. There is no necessity to dwell on -the unpleasant memories of our first route march in France; it was the -most trying experience for both officers and men that we had for many a -long day. As we marched East, and as the night grew darker, the flares, -and the lurid flashes of gunfire became more vivid, and helped to -keep up the interest of the men and distract their attention from the -general weariness; at any rate we were, after eleven months' training, -getting to the "Front" at last. - -[Illustration: RUBENPRE.] - -When we reached Rubenpre, at 11 o'clock at night, many of the men -done up and all very tired, we halted at the head of the village. The -second in command had gone on the previous day with the advance party -to arrange the billeting, but in the darkness, of a more than usually -dark night, the result of his effort was practically impossible to -find. The village consisted, as far as one could judge by the light -of electric torches or matches, of a series of long barns with doors -most of which were barred and bolted, and presented a remarkably -inhospitable appearance. A few days before we had left Borden we -had been paraded, and in the course of a ten minutes' harangue, the -Commanding Officer had dwelt upon the good name of the battalion, -and its excellent conduct while in England. He told the men that he -relied on them to maintain that high record in the country to which -they were going. Especially he told them to respect the religious -susceptibilities of the people. "Hanging over your beds in your billets -you will find crucifixes, pictures of the Virgin Mary, and the Saints, -and other emblems of the Roman Catholic Church and religion. You will -respect these emblems, and remember that you and your Allies have -come to free these people from the Germans." So throughout that march -from Flesselles to Rubenpre, the men had before them the vision and -anticipation of feather beds which all the saints in the catalogue -might adorn, so long as it was a bed. No such luck, however, as -feather beds could be hoped for in the land which the men had already -christened "No man's land." So dark was the night, and so impossible -to find were the billets allotted to each Company, that after nearly -half-an-hour's halt at the entrance to the village, Company Commanders -and Officers took the matter into their own hands, threw off their -packs and equipment on the side of the street, and led their worn-out -men down the village. They burst open the doors of barns, and put in, -here 20, there 30, men, despite the irate remonstrances of the owners, -often punctuated by some shrill scream from some female proprietor, -who thought that at any rate her last hour had come. At length, on -straw and hay, on floors hard and soft, everyone found a bed, and, -tired, as they were, one or two were heard to mutter, Orangemen though -they might be, that they wouldn't mind a bed even if the picture of -the Pope himself hung at the head. In this part of France there are -no farms. The country is dotted at intervals of a kilometre or two -with villages, some small, some large, mostly the same in appearance, -with their orchards, and grey church spires sticking up above the -knots of trees. All round these villages the country stretches away -in gently rolling plains, like a great checkerboard, no ditches or -hedges, reminding one of what England must have looked like in the days -of the "common field" system. This part of the country is intensely -cultivated, not an inch of land is allowed to go to waste, and in -war time the work is done entirely by young girls and old women. A -young man was never seen, either in the fields or villages; there -seemed to be few old men, and the small boys spend most of their day -at school. These Picard villages are intensely dirty, and Rubenpre -was even dirtier than most of them. The barns were in a bad state -of repair, and the yards were swimming with filthy water from the -great heaps of manure which were piled up in front of each house, -often right up against the windows, yet, curiously enough, the houses -themselves were in most cases neat and clean. The houses are built of -laths, plastered with mud and straw, poor in construction, and, owing -to lack of men, in many cases whole villages presented a dilapidated -and tumbled-down appearance. Rubenpre was, therefore, an inhospitable -place, and the reception we received from the people themselves was -not what we expected. We felt that we had come to the country to fight -for the people, and to free them from the enemy; in other words we -looked upon ourselves in a mild way as deliverers, and felt to a small -extent that we were entitled to be received as such. But our eyes were -soon opened,--those bolted barns and inhospitable entrances were an -index of the regard in which the people held us; we were received with -suspicion, and often with dislike, in every village to which we came -during our long peregrinations in Picardy. It speaks volumes for our -men to be able to say, as we can say with truth, that we always went -away with the good wishes and blessings of the people, and there were -many in the battalion who, when a day off came, would walk eight or -ten miles to revisit some of their French friends. It was only after -we had been some time in the country that we discovered the reason for -this coldness. Robbed first of all by the Germans, they had endured -successive invasions of Zouave, English, Scotch, and Indian troops, and -now an Irish Division, a form of terror formerly unknown was thrust -upon them in its entirety. We saw that there was a certain amount to be -said for their apparent inhospitality, and put up with it. - -The first couple of days at Rubenpre were devoted to "shaking down." As -far as my Company was concerned, we were, on the whole, fortunate with -regard to our billets. There was at first a lack of straw, but this -was soon remedied, and the men very soon accustomed themselves to the -novelty of their surroundings. Large fatigue parties were put on from -each Company, and within a week the town was cleaner than it had been -for many a long day. The people looked on with quiet amusement, but -they too soon became resigned to what they considered the British mania -for cleaning. - -Battalion headquarters were in a cottage, and at first a battalion -officers' mess was tried in an estaminet which had a room in which -a stove was riveted in the centre. In a short time, however, the -difficulty of running a four company and headquarters mess in the same -house became apparent, and two companies, A and B, seceded and formed a -mess of their own in another cafe. C Company and headquarters remained -in the same house, but before we had been many weeks in France the -advantages of company messes became evident. Our company headquarters -was in a disused and rather tumbled down house, but it had a good -orchard and field behind, which we used for musketry and range finding. -In return for the use of the house, we lent the owner a few men every -day as a help to thresh his corn and milk his cows. There was no lack -of fresh milk, eggs, potatoes, and apples. Eggs cost three sous each, -milk four sous per litre. - -We remained at Rubenpre for about two weeks, and during that time had -the usual routine of parades and training as at home. We were inspected -by the G.O.C. Third Army, Sir Charles Munro, who expressed himself very -pleased with our bearing on parade. We had two or three brigade field -days and one divisional day, the latter the first divisional exercise -under the eyes of our new G.O.C. Division, General Nugent. The remarks -of our General on the day's performance were, to say the least of -them, hardly as complimentary as we should have wished. They left an -impression on the minds of those who heard them that will never fade, -and they had their effect on all ranks. - -[Illustration: MAILLY-MAILLET.] - -[Illustration: MAILLY-MAILLET SUCRIER.] - -On 18th October we left Rubenpre to go up to the line for that -instruction period which everyone in the New Army in France knows -so well. As we got nearer to the line the sound of the guns became -more distinct, and the tiny puffs of white smoke in the sky from -the German aircraft guns was the first sign of the nearness of the -trenches. The country was just the same as at Rubenpre every inch -cultivated. At Varennes we were met by a band of the South Lancs., -and played through the town and along the road as far as Forceville. -Here we halted in a field for dinners. After dinners we fell in, and -marched off by companies at ten minutes' interval, for we were now -within the zone of artillery fire, being about 31/2 miles from the -trenches. It was only when we left Forceville that we saw any change -in the aspect of the country. We now passed several lines of heavily -wired trenches, which made long, white streaks across the otherwise -brown and regular landscape. In other respects there were the same -signs of intensive agriculture as far behind the line. We reached, -at length, Mailly-Maillet, which was to be our billeting town during -the instructional period. In peace time Mailly-Maillet had evidently -been a very pretty little town of about 1,000 to 1,500 inhabitants, -considerably better built and evidently much more prosperous than -any of the villages we had seen since we came to France. There was a -chateau with a fine avenue of elms which had its entrance on one side -of the main street. The chateau was a Brigade Headquarters, while the -avenue of elms was used as a park for transport, and was crowded with -limbers and G.S. waggons up to the axles in mud. There was not a pane -of glass to be seen in any of the houses; many were without doors, -and some were pierced by great shell holes. Generally Mailly-Maillet -had a dejected and war-worn appearance. A battery of howitzers close -by caused all the window-frames in the place to shake, and every now -and then a few slates would come tumbling down. As the town was -full of troops, and we were an additional battalion, our billets were -very poor. The men were in a very bad outhouse with little straw, -while C Company Headquarters was an empty room with a tile floor in an -extremely rickety condition. The first few days in Mailly were devoted -to working parties. A Company was attached to the 1st Batt. Essex -Regt., B Company to the 8th South Lancs., and C to the 1st Batt. Kings -Own Royal Lancaster Regiment, and D Company to the 2nd Royal Lancaster -Fusiliers; all belonging to the 12th Brigade of the 4th Division. - -[Illustration] - -[Illustration: IN TRAINING BEHIND THE LINES.] - -The more or less eventful period of instruction which C Company -experienced with the King's Own began on the night of 19th October, -when No. 11 and 12 platoons working at the second line trenches on -the Mailly-Serre Road, were fired on by a machine gun. It was the -christening. On the 21st we paraded at 5-30 a.m. and with guides from -the King's Own supplied to each platoon, marched to the trenches by -platoons at five minutes' interval. The front held by the King's Own -ran from the Serre Road on the right to slightly below and to the -left of La Ligny farm. On our left was the Essex Regiment, while on -our right were the Lancs. Fusiliers. No. 12 platoon was attached to -A Company of the King's Own on the right of the Batt. line; No. 10 -was attached to C Company in the centre; No. 11 to B Company on the -left, and No. 9 to D Company in reserve. I was with B Company on the -left with Vance. The line held by the 12th Brigade formed part of the -trenches taken from the Germans by the French in the preceding June. -These trenches, known as the "Toutvent" trenches, had been subjected to -a prolonged bombardment by the French. The latter would cease firing at -intervals, during which the Germans would man the front line, and on -the bombardment recommencing would retire to their dug-outs. This sort -of thing went on for over a fortnight, and finally, one morning, the -Germans got tired of coming out of their dugouts when the bombardment -stopped, and the French swept down from their trenches behind La -Ligny farm, and caught them. The victorious French advanced as far as -the village of Serre, but had to fall back in the face of a terrific -German counter attack, and eventually took up their position in what -had been the old German second line. This trench they consolidated and -held. The regiment which took the trenches was a local one, consisting -of men from the region around Hebuterne, Mailly, and Bapaume. There -had been reports of terrible outrages committed by the Germans on the -villages behind the lines, and evidence was found in the trenches -themselves to prove the truth of these reports. The story goes that -little quarter was given, and the French took few prisoners, the -Germans, caught like rats in a trap, being bombed in their dugouts. - -B Company of the King's Own, to which I was attached, had its -headquarters in a dugout known as "The Catacombs." Built by the -Germans, no labour had been spared to make it shellproof and -comfortable. Twenty feet deep, cut out of solid chalk, it was about -twenty yards long by seven feet broad. It was divided into sections -for signallers, mess, and servants' quarters, but into the wall from -the mess were nooks containing beds for six officers. The whole inside -of this dugout was riveted with massive planks four to six inches in -thickness. There were five entrances approached by flights of steep, -narrow steps. This was typical of the living dugouts in this hive of -trenches. The English never built dugouts like this one in front line -trenches, owing to the difficulty of getting men out of them in a hurry -in case of emergency, and time after time they have proved death traps -to the Germans themselves. The method of training for a battalion up -for instruction is as follows:--Officers, N.C.O.'s and men are attached -to their opposite numbers. Company Commander to Company Commander, -Platoon Commander to Platoon Commander, sergeant to sergeant, corporal -to corporal, and sentry to sentry. For three nights this proceeding -is carried out, then, on the fourth night, the instructing companies -withdraw to reserve, and each company takes over a sector of line on -its own. Thus, bit by bit the officers and men are broken in. The -first night we were in the trenches was an ideal one. A full moon made -things easy, and it was quite possible to get the lie of the trenches -and those of the enemy. Opposite B Company the Germans were about 100 -to 120 yards away; in the centre their trenches ran to within 40 yards, -and on the right about 100. There were a number of "saps" formed out of -what had originally been old German communication trenches. Sand bag -barricades built by each side in these formed the "sap heads." In one -"sap" these barricades were about 15 feet from each other. - -One may forget the incidents of one's first night in the trenches, -but one never forgets the first dawn. Gradually, out of the darkness, -things begin to take upon themselves their proper shapes. The first -impression is that of desolation, for there is nothing so utterly -forsaken or forlorn as "No man's land" at first grey dawn. A maze of -misty barbed wire, some in loose coils lying on the ground, some draped -from stumps and stakes driven in at all angles, some in shell holes, -all in a shapeless and indescribable jumble, stretches for about three -yards in depth in front of the parapet. Then there is that desolate and -shell-pocketed strip of land which terminates with the German wire, and -beyond that again great heaps of chalk and brown earth begin to appear -as the daylight comes. These are the German trenches, and behind them -is the rolling country out of which the sun now begins to rise; country -that is in the hands of the Germans, away beyond the pale. Those -coils of rusty wire, hung on the rickety posts, form the boundary of -civilization. - -[Illustration: ONE OF THE SERGEANTS OF "C" COMPANY IN THE TRENCHES.] - -[Illustration: IN THE TRENCHES.] - -The 22nd of October promised to be the most lovely day. Except for the -usual amount of desultory rifle and machine-gun fire at "stand to," -there was nothing to show that the Germans were about to depart from -the normal state of inactivity that characterised the warfare on this -sector of the front. About 8 a.m. a corporal of the King's Own who had -been doing observation work reported that the Germans had removed all -their own wire, with the exception of a few strands, on their front -opposite the sector held by C and B Companies. This Captain Woodgate, -commanding B Company, confirmed himself. In the "Comic Cuts," or -Corps' Summary, of the previous day it was noted that the enemy had -also removed his wire opposite the line held by the French, north of -Hebuterne. The natural conclusion was, therefore, that he was going -to attack. The state of the wire in front of our own trenches was -wretched. A month before, during the period of fighting in Champagne -and the battle of Loos, the wire all along the front had been removed -in readiness for a possible advance, and little trouble had been taken -to replace it afterwards. At 9-35 a.m., Woodgate, Vance, Brown (one -of Woodgate's subalterns), and myself were having breakfast in the -"Catacomb." Suddenly--"whiz-bang, whiz-bang" right at the door of the -dugout. The blast from the shells knocked the cups and plates off the -table. There was a pause for a second, then a terrific explosion which -shook the whole earth. In half a minute we had on our equipment, and -Woodgate, followed by myself, Brown, and Vance, ran up the stairs of -the dug-out. The air was full of dust, and the ground in front of -us seemed to be in a blaze of bursting shells. "This way," called -Woodgate, and following him we ran down a communication trench leading -to the front line. We had only gone a few yards when we ran into a -man rushing back, blood pouring from his shoulder and arm. Woodgate -stopped and caught hold of him, calling to us to run on. We ran down -the trench, bending low, for a hail of shells was passing us and -bursting on all sides. In a few seconds Woodgate caught us up again. I -led, then Brown, Woodgate, and Vance. Suddenly, just round a curve in -the trench, and about ten yards in front of me, there was a terrific -explosion. I was lifted clean off my feet into the air, and thrown -flat on my stomach on the ground. Almost simultaneously another shell -hit the top of the trench, and before I could think where I was, or -recover my breath, the whole side of the trench leant over, and fell -on top of me. It was a wonderful sensation, and I remember saying to -myself aloud: "I wonder when this is going to stop." Still the earth -kept falling, and the weight on my shoulders and the small of my back -became oppressive. One thing was pleasing, there was dead silence under -ground. I began to heave with my shoulders, and took a deep breath. -There was no difficulty in breathing as the earth seemed full of air. -On the second heave I felt I was able to move, and after what seemed -ages I got my head and shoulders clear. I was firmly fixed from my -waist down, but in less than a minute had dragged myself out. I looked -round, and saw that the entire trench had been filled in. There was no -sign of any of the others, but a small bit of British warm coat was -sticking out of the hole where I had been which represented Brown. I -got hold of it and pulled hard. Gradually Brown emerged, cursing like -a trooper, and spitting clay out of his mouth. With little difficulty -we got Woodgate out, and Vance appeared behind him. We then ran on, -and when we came to the fire trench Woodgate called out: "Get the men -out of the living trench into the front line." The living trench was -one running just behind and parallel to the fire trench. In it were a -large number of what were called "funk holes," scooped out of the front -of the trench, in which the men slept when off duty. Leading from each -company in the fire trench there was a passage to the living trench. -It should be explained that by day the minimum number of men possible -are on duty in the fire trench. Sentry duty is most exhausting work, -and it is possible for one man by day to suffice where it would take -ten or even twenty men by night. In a company frontage of perhaps 500 -to 600 yards three sentries, one to each platoon would be ample in the -firing line provided there was a clear field of view to the front; -but of course it is entirely a matter of situation and the nature of -the ground. Woodgate called to me: "You take the two centre platoons -and get everyone into the trench as quickly as possible." I ran along -the living trench rousing the men, who despite the terrific din of -bursting shells were mostly sound asleep, and telling them to get -out. Shells were falling mostly in the living trench and just behind -it, and I had to go round by way of the fire trench as the passage -behind was blocked up. Meanwhile the air was thick with flying debris -of every kind--posts, iron sheets, great baulks of timber were flying -everywhere as the enemy blew our wire to bits. In particular I watched -with fascination, a sheet of corrugated iron, blown from the roof of -a dug-out, which flew about in the air like a card, and dashed hither -and thither, finally coming down with a great slant on the parados of -the bay next to where I was. It is no easy matter to wake the sleeping -soldier, and as I worked my way down the living trench I thought I -would never get the men out of the dug-outs. Here and there, however, -where a bit of trench had been blown in, men were creeping out, pulling -their rifles from under the fallen clay. At last, after what seemed -an age, they began to file into the bays. The front trench was very -narrow, deep, and well sand-bagged, and once they had thoroughly -realised what was going on they knew it was the safest place. Owing -to the double number in the trenches nearly every bay was manned by -at least two men. Bayonets were fixed, and ten rounds fixed into the -magazine, and we felt quite ready for what I expected would come any -minute. The shell fire now became terrific, and practically the whole -living line was filled in, the shells just missing the front line and -lighting on the step of ground some ten yards inside separating it from -the living trench. Curiously enough no shells were lighting in the -fire trench. Two bays on the right of the two platoons under my charge -had been knocked in during the first few minutes of the bombardment. -They formed a small salient, and presented a very easy target to the -enemy, whose artillery was mostly operating from Serre wood. Once the -fire trench was manned there was little to do except go up and down the -trench and see that all was well. The stuff the Germans were sending -over was composed of every imaginable form of ordnance. The biggest -shells were probably eight inch, and the air was thick with aerial -torpedoes, minenwerfer, and oil drums. The latter came hurling through -the air turning over and over and exploding with a terrific crack, -making a very large crater. Aerial torpedoes, designed more for moral -effect than to cause actual damage, burst with a nerve shattering -explosion. I noticed that the closer one was to a bursting shell or -aerial torpedo the less the noise, it was more of a sharp click, the -greatest effect would be at almost 30 yards, under that the sound -did not seem so great, though the concussion of course was terrific. -Meanwhile the Germans, though they had blown most of our wire away -showed no signs of attacking. It was just one of those small intensive -bombardments known at the front as "a morning hate" or "straffe." -When this had lasted about an hour and a half, our artillery began to -retaliate. Those were the days when ammunition was precious, and each -battery strictly limited. It was a pleasant sound, however, to hear -the whiz of our own shells overhead and see a great mass of earth rise -from the German lines, and this had a marvellous effect on the men. -They at once became cheerful, the Lancashire men especially. "Thar goes -a Lloyd George for you," as the whiz of a heavy shell like an express -train overhead was heard. "Bah, he's a dud." "Say, Jock, the lassie -'as made 'im forgot to put in the vital spark." "There goes Fritz's -iron rations" as a salvo of shrapnel burst over the first line. On the -whole, however, our artillery retaliation was poor. - -About 11-30 the bombardment began to die down, and by 12-30 it was -over. The damage done, considering the number of shells fired into such -a small sector was very small. Two bays on the right of "B" Company -were completely flattened, otherwise there was no damage done to the -fire trench. The living trench and communication trenches suffered -more. Two of the latter had been knocked in, while the living trench -along the company line had been badly battered. One very gruesome -effect was noticed. There were a large number of Frenchman's graves in -the parapet of the fire trench, for the French have a habit of burying -a man where he falls, whether at his post or not. A hole was opened in -the side of the trench, the body was shoved in, and the grave filled -up. A little cross surmounted by the dead man's cap, and often his -bayonet and rifle, marking the spot. In places where the fire trench -had been hit or shaken many of the remains stuck out, and in many cases -buttons and badges were "souveneered" by the men. - -When the bombardment was over Woodgate told me it was the most severe -they had experienced since May 8th, at Ypres, and quite an unusual -occurrence on that front. Two men were killed and sixteen wounded, -very small casualties taking into consideration the intensity of the -fire. That night we dug a new trench behind the small sector blown in. -There was a full moon, and walking about on top was very interesting. -The ground was honeycombed with shell holes, while in all directions -unexploded shells were lying about. A trench which had been used by -the French for the purpose of burying dead had been unearthed in many -places and the ground was littered with old equipment, clothes, and -bones. I remember thinking it was the most appalling refuse heap I had -ever seen. Next day was very quiet, we began work on the new trench at -about 7-30, and I took charge of the three working parties in it. A -considerable amount of work had been done the night before, and only a -short piece remained to be dug in the centre. At 8-55 I told the men to -take a ten minutes "easy" and went up to the left platoon to see one of -the Sergeants about rations. I had gone about five minutes when a salvo -of "whiz bangs" (77 mm shells) burst right in the trench where the men -had been working, and immediately afterwards very heavy rifle fire -broke out on our right. The "stand to" was passed down and the rifle -fire went on for about half-an-hour, especially in the direction of -"C" Company. All had quieted down about 10 o'clock. I then ascertained -that a party of Germans had endeavoured to bomb "C" Company's trenches. -A very large number of bombs were thrown, and in all sixteen men -were wounded. For their coolness in this attack our men were greatly -commended, and one man, Andrew Marshall, of No. 11 platoon, was -specially recommended for devotion to duty. Badly wounded in the hand, -and unable to use his rifle, he refused to leave the trench, and kept -loading rifles for the men on the fire step. - -The remainder of our time in the trenches was very quiet. On Sunday, -24th October, we took over the line held by "A" Company King's Own as -a Company the King's Own going back into support, and the following -evening we marched back to our billets in Mailly-Maillet. Our period -of instruction had been most useful, for "C" Company in particular. We -had experienced a bombardment and a bomb attack in both of which the -men had proved their metal, and shown what was in them. As far as the -Officers of "C" Company were concerned, those who came in contact with -Capt. Woodgate will never forget the lesson they learned from him. "A" -and "B" Companies attached to the Essex and South Lancs. Regiments -had a quiet time, but "D" Company attached to the Lancs. Fusiliers in -the Redan salient had their initiation into mine warfare, a platoon -being in the salient when the Germans blew up a mine without, however, -causing any loss of life. A good story is here told of Lieutenant -W. He was out one night with a small patrol, the pass word being -"Shakespeare." A large German patrol was sighted and W and his patrol -had to retire in some haste. W himself fell headlong into a sap on the -top of the astonished sentries with the ejaculation "For God's sake -let's in, Shakespeare." - -[Illustration: FIENVILLERS.] - -[Illustration: FIENVILLERS.] - -We left Mailly early in the morning of October 26th, and marched -down through Forceville and Varennes to Puchvillers where we stayed -the night. Next day we marched to Fienvillers and went into billets. -Fienvillers was a better town than Rubenpre. There were better barns -for the men, and for a company headquarters mess we were lucky to get -a lovely house standing in its own grounds with bedrooms for each -Officer. We now had heard our fate, it was that the 107th Brigade was -to go up to the trenches to take the place of the 12th Brigade of the -4th Division, which was coming out and going to be attached to our -Division. Our two remaining Brigades were to be in Army reserve for -about three months. Our Battalion, with the 14th R.I.R. from the 109th -Brigade, was attached to the 12th Brigade under General Auley, taking -the places of the Essex Regiment attached to the 109th Brigade, and -Lancashire Fusiliers attached to the 108th. We joined the 12th Brigade -at St. Leger-les-Domarts on the 5th November, the King's Own being -billeted in the same town. We now began a new and extensive system of -training, both in march discipline and attack. General Auley, during -the first week that we were in his Brigade gave the Officers a series -of lectures on the retreat from Mons and the subsequent advance to the -Marne. We heard the story from his own personal point of view, which -made it a fascinating narrative rather than a tactical lecture. During -the five weeks in which we were attached to his Brigade we obtained -much practical and useful knowledge. In march discipline, especially, -we improved greatly. We were taught that the most men can do with -comfort is 112 paces to the minute. The pace was set from the rear and -not from the head of the column. Company Commanders riding at the rear -of their Companies were made to check the pace. The utmost importance -was paid to keeping in step, and keeping the sectors of fours well -dressed and well covered down. The rifle was carried at the sling, -never over the shoulder, the reason for this being that men, when they -get tired, will let their butts drop, and keeping hitting the man in -the sector of fours behind, thus causing loss of space in the section, -in the Company, and so on down to the Brigade and Division on the -march. We did many long route marches, and the General used to hide in -all sorts of weird places to watch us go past, and take us unawares. - - -ST LEGER - -[Illustration: LIEUT. VANCE, CAPTAIN SAMUELS, LIEUT. YOUNG, LIEUT. -ELLIS.] - -[Illustration: "C" COMPANY, ST. LEGER.] - -During the time we were in St. Leger, Major Clarke (Officer Commanding -"C" Company) left the Battalion and joined the 108th Brigade as Staff -Captain. I took over command of "C" Company on November 12th. Our -Company headquarters were in the Cure's house, the Cure, like most of -his confreres in France, having gone to the front. On 27th we moved -from St. Leger to Buigny l'Abbe, a small village about three kilometres -from St. Requier where we were billeted until December 10th. Buigny -was an unhealthy low lying village, and we experienced a considerable -amount of sickness, principally influenza. Our stay of a fortnight -was unpleasant, it rained most of the time, and the people were -inhospitable. This, we found, was due to bad conduct on the part of a -Regiment which had preceded us there. The triangular pond, which is -a feature of all Picard villages, had in former days formed the fish -pond of the ancient monastery of Buigny l'Abbe; and for this reason was -held in more respect by the villagers than most ponds of its kind. -Unfortunately, whether by accident or design, some bombs were thrown -into this pond one night, and in the morning the villagers woke up -to find their pond gone, and in its place a chasm of liquid mud. On -investigation it was found that the bombs had burst in what proved to -be the roof of a subterranean passage leading from the monastery, and -through this the water had disappeared. During our stay in the town we -had working parties engaged in making good the damage. - -On December 10th we rejoined the 108th Brigade, moving from Buigny -l'Abbe to St. Mauguille, a faubourg of St. Requier. This proved to -be the most pleasant town in which we had as yet been billeted. Two -Companies "B" and "C" were in St. Mauguille at Neuville, about one mile -from St. Riquier. We had excellent billets both for Officers and men, -and as we had now thoroughly acquired the nack of making ourselves at -home, settled down very comfortably. The people were most hospitable. -There were excellent hot and cold shower baths for the men, and a -Battalion laundry was set up. For our Company Mess, Monsieur Vivien, -the manager of a big phosphate works gave us the greater part of his -house, and he and Madame Vivien with their daughter, did all they could -to make us feel at home. St. Requier was a most interesting old town. -It had successfully stood siege by Henry V. and the English on two -occasions, but had been sacked and burnt by the Burgundians in the end -of the 15th century. Large portions of the walls still remain, and some -of the old towers. In a moated farm-house just outside the town Jeanne -D'Arc spent a night on her way to her trial at Rouen. Another fact -of great interest was that the ancient Abbey of St. Requier had been -founded by our own countrymen in the 6th century[1]. - -[Illustration: TOMB OF THE FIRST IRISH SAINTS.] - -[Illustration: MONSIEUR VIVIEN AND FAMILY.] - -We spent a happy Xmas at St. Requier, and as we were in billets decided -to make the best of it. The men were in excellent health and spirits, -football, shooting, and route marches keeping them in training. The -18th of December being "Lundy Day," was celebrated by some Derry -men and other Ulster boys, the following being a description of the -celebration by an Officer. Two Lundy's had been prepared, one large -and the other small. Some of the inhabitants suggested that they -were father and son. The father was about eleven feet long, stuffed -with straw, and with rockets put in unexpected places. He had large -wooden feet and wire knees, and his head filled with gunpowder and -surrounded by a large yellow trimmed hat in the shape of an Admiral's. -On his chest was a placard bearing the words "Lundy the traitor." The -procession, headed by torchlights and band, marched through the village -playing such airs as "No Surrender," "Derry Walls" and "The Boyne -Water." Lundy was then let down on a wire rope from a tree where he had -been strung up, and set on fire, amidst great cheering and boohing. -He was well soaked with petrol and burnt excellently. Every now and -then someone gave him a shake and his knees wobbled in most realistic -fashion. Bombs made of jam tins were thrown into a pond just beside -him, and of course broke the windows of houses in the vicinity. The -procession then reformed, and marching to the top of the village, where -Lundy junior was burnt with like ceremony. - -Christmas, of course, produced a series of dinners given by the -Officers Commanding Companies and Battalion Headquarters. To read the -menu cards it was hard to believe we were in France, and that this was -the second year of the war. One particularly elaborate dinner was given -on Christmas day, to which we invited Madame Vivien, our kind hostess, -and her family. The following is a copy of the menu in which most of -the guests are represented. - - Potage Vivien. - Poulets Roti au Capitaine. - Petits pois Lieutenant. - Rosbif au Docteur. - Pommes de terre Louis (the little son). - Fruits, plumb pudding, Xmas desserts. - Cafe. - Vins--Muscatel--Bordeau--Whiskey. - - - TOASTS. - - Le Presedent de la Republique. - Le Roi D'Angleterre. - Mesdames, Messures Vivien. - Les Allies au paix glorieuse. - -A service was held in the ancient Abbey of St. Requier on Christmas -Day, and a sacred concert, which gave our men an opportunity of -listening to Christmas music. - -An incident happened about this time at St. Requier which caused -no little excitement. A French billet belonging to the Downs (13th -Battalion Royal Irish Rifles) went on fire. At the sound of the fire -alarm every one turned out to assist the French people who stripped to -the waist were hard at work trying to save their farm. The fire was -raging fiercely round the stables and out-houses, and it was quite -impossible to save all the horses, some of whom were burned to death in -their stalls. It was a horrible sight. - -[Illustration: THREE SERGEANTS OF "C" COMPANY.] - -[Illustration: AT ST. RIQUIER.] - -On January 8th, our Battalion moved to Bernavillers. We were now -beginning to think of the trenches again, and many were the rumours. -Everyone seemed to know for certain our exact peregrinations during -the next few months, but in truth no one could tell from day to day -what our next move would be. There were also rumours of a more pleasant -character, but so far only spoken of with bated breath, the one and -only hope of our existence--"Leave" had begun. Our first "leave" and -all that the word means. There is no doubt of it that the first leave -is the best, but your first leave you are then indeed a hero, whether -from billets or trenches, and your dear people who have not yet become -accustomed to those short ten days have waited and watched for it -with an intense longing and pride in their hearts; is it any wonder -one's blood thrills with the thought of that never-to-be-forgotten home -coming. - -At Bernavillers an excellent concert party was formed by Lord Farnham, -called "The Divisional Follies" or "The Merry Mauve Melody Makers." -Their first concert was honoured by a visit from The Most Rev. Dr. -Crozier, Lord Primate of Ireland, who had come to France on a tour -among the Irish Divisions. He had already paid a visit to the 107th -Brigade, who had been having a strenuous training in the trenches ever -since October. They had escaped with very few casualties. - -[Illustration: OFFICERS OF "C" COMPANY.] - -[Illustration: ST. LEGER.] - -My Company now got orders to move to Beauval, where we took over -billets from the Y.C.V.'s (14th Battalion Royal Irish Rifles). They -were the cleanest billets I can remember in France, and the Y.C.V.'s -deserve great praise for the way in which they were left for us. After -a week of preparation we moved on to Canaples, and from there to -Martinsart where we again manned the trenches, and went in alongside -the 9th Inniskilling Fusiliers by Companies, "C" and "D" Companies in -front with "A" and "B" in reserve. The next week we went into support -with "D" Company, and "A" and "B" took our place in front. This time we -were not attached to a regular Battalion for training, but took over -part of the line ourselves. Our period in the trenches was uneventful, -it was a quiet part of the line, and the trenches were deep and well -made. This time we gave the Bosche 500 to every 50 of theirs, so all -taken into consideration we were lucky. The weather, however, was by -no means favourable, the trenches being full of slush and water. A -heavy fall of snow also made the ground in a bad condition, and the -men suffered greatly from the cold, which was intense. Several new -Officers joined our Battalion about this time, for which we were very -thankful, as leave was able to proceed without difficulty, two Officers -being sent each week. On February 29 our first death occurred, poor -young Watt of No. 12 platoon. He was killed by a shell while standing -outside the door of his billet in Mesnil, and buried in Mesnil Ridge -Cemetery. From this time on we went into the trenches by Battalions, -alternately with the Downs (13th Royal Irish Rifles). Our casualties -were not great, but always a few, the expected result of trench -warfare. Indeed, if it had not been for a tot of rum at "stand to" -on those very cold mornings, I feel sure there would have been more -work for the hospitals. About March 6th the weather began to improve -and we occasionally felt dry. We now began to think about giving -Jerry something to stir him up as he seemed to have gone underground -completely during the cold weather. Evidently Battalion Headquarters -also felt that the time had come to stir for we received a message to -supply a specimen of German wire as it was wanted by the corps. The -job was given in "C" Company to Young, our scout Officer, and four -other scouts. On a dark and snowy night they crept out on patrol, and -procured a good specimen about a yard long. The other Companies also -procured specimens and the Corps appeared satisfied with results. -Our Batteries also began to wake up, and we kept them well informed -as to the position of the German transports, which from this time on -never got a moment of peace. The 10th Inniskillings on our right, -under command of Colonel Ross-Smyth, got a terrific shelling from the -Bosche on the night of the 10th-11th of March. Shells came over at the -rate of 60 to the minute, but the 10th showed splendid coolness and -gallantry, keeping up a steady fire from the front trenches throughout -the bombardment, which was evidently intended by the Germans to cover a -raid on our lines, similar to one which took place elsewhere the same -night. An Officer, describing the bombardment in a letter, writes-- - -"The Bosche has been very prodigal of shells for a day or two, all -along the front, but particularly on the somewhat unpleasant sector -occupied by the "Derry's." On this particular afternoon he had -subjected it to a smart bombardment with "heavies," field guns, and -trench mortars. Then he fell short and waited. At eleven o'clock -precisely he opened fire with guns of all calibres. Over the Derrys -he burst shrapnel, reserving his high explosive for the Donegals and -Fermanaghs, and for the Brigade on their right. Not content with -peppering the line, the supports, and the reserves, he shelled half a -dozen villages to the rear, with which he did not as a rule concern -himself. It was a very dark night, and the flashes of the guns seemed -to cut through the darkness like spear points. Before the Bosche had -been firing five minutes our guns had begun to reply to him, and the -eighteen pounders commenced to whiz over our heads on to their front -line, and soon the men in the trenches heard the welcome whistle of -a high travelling howitzer over their heads in the right direction. -Then indeed the din was indescribable, so fast and furious did the -game become that at one time it seemed as if the boom of the big -guns, the harsher bark of the small, the explosion of the shells, -and the tearing crash of bursting mortars were all blended into one -continuous roar. The trenches of the "Derrys" had an ugly time of it. -Dug-outs were caved in, and traverses smashed down, one whole sector -of the front line being practically ploughed up. At one time the enemy -proceeded to pound the flank out of one Company with high explosives -for several minutes, then lifted to the opposite flank and gave it -the same measure. This evidently appeared to him a satisfactory idea -as he repeated the manoeuvre. But the Company Officer had by now -appreciated his tactics, and by his work undoubtedly prevented a great -number of casualties. Gradually the German fire on the front line -slackened and ceased, though it still continued overhead, and our -"heavies" now warmed up to their work showed no inclination to give -up. It was at this juncture that a sentry came running back from the -sap head to report that he had seen Germans moving in front of the -wire. The order was given to the men to stand up on the fire step, -and send bursts of rapid fire in the direction of the German line. If -the raiders had intended coming over this caused them to change their -minds. The "Derrys" stood to till morning, but nothing fresh occurred. -Through the night the men prayed their Officers to lead them over to -vengeance, but for that they will have to wait. The loss was slight -considering the intensity of the bombardment. When morning came the -"Derrys" learned that the famous raiders had entered the trenches of -the Battalion on their right, which, by the way, did not belong to the -Ulster Division, and carried off an Officer and nine men as prisoners. -It was a workmanlike job without a doubt, for the raiding party had -come and gone within ten minutes." - -[Illustration: Bombs found on night patrol just in front of BEAUMONT -HAMEL, March, 1916.] - -Several of the men of the Inniskillings earned commendation from -Colonel Ricardo for conspicuous gallantry on this occasion; their names -were Private D. Little, Private J. J. Young, Lance Corporal Black, and -Private W. Dinsmore. They were serving as Company Officers, Orderlies, -Signallers, and Messengers. Captain Cruickshank, of Omagh, also showed -great coolness and valour on that occasion. - -The weather still continued fine, and our time was spent in building -new traverses, and rivetting and sandbagging the parados and firesteps. -Bosche aeroplanes, taking advantage of the fine nights, crossed our -lines, and green flares were sent up from the enemy to show our -positions. The Germans would then send over a number of shells, and we -had several casualties, Lieutenant Waring of "A" Company being hit by -shrapnel, and Privates Moffat and McBride of "C" Company badly wounded. -Poor Moffat subsequently died from his wounds. - -We were now stirred to think of raids and night patrols. The following -is an example of a patrol done by one of my Officers and some men of -"C" Company. Lieutenant Young, Sergeant Renshaw, Riflemen Storey, -Pollock, M'Dowell and M'Kelvey. March 16th. "C" Company Patrol Report. - -"Patrol went out from Sap in Sector 41 at 7-30 p.m., consisting of -one Officer, one Sergeant, and four Riflemen. On leaving our wire we -turned north, striking sunken road which runs north-east in direction -of German trenches. After going about 100 yards down this road we -turned off under a ditch running north-west from the road. There were -a number of small thorn trees on this ditch, and we could distinctly -see footprints and elbow marks round them, also pits had been dug which -could be used by snipers. Further along the ditch we came to a lone -tree, which can be seen from Sector 49 in our lines, here we halted. -About 20 yards from the tree we discovered a wire which came from the -direction of the German lines. Following this we found it entered the -parapet of a sniper's pit, just beneath the lone tree. We then dug -out the wire, and discovered it was attached to a square box covered -with felt. This box we opened, thinking it contained a telephone, but -instead found four German grenades with the detonators attached to the -wire. We quickly disconnected the wire, and dug out the box. Not far -from the spot we found another German grenade which we also took with -us. At 10 p.m. we returned to our own trenches. A working party of the -enemy could be heard, but it was difficult to say from which direction -the sound came. Otherwise, everything was normal." - - G. O. Young, Lieutenant. - -[Illustration: THIEPVAL CHATEAU.] - -[Illustration: MESNIL CHATEAU.] - -On March 18th we went into reserve, and were billeted in Englebelmer, -being relieved on 24th by the 13th Royal Irish Rifles (The Downs). This -time the 11th Battalion East Yorks were attached to us for instruction. -They saw a fair amount of shelling for their first period in the -trenches, the Germans putting a lot of trench mortars over on Thiepval -hill. All that remained of the Chateau at Thiepval being the walls, -about as high as the hall door, and a few holes where windows once had -been, in all about 7ft. high by 20ft. long. The German trenches lay in -front of it, on the carriage drive, and ours right up to the other side -of the avenue, almost into them. Not a pleasant place, with an active -sniper in the Chateau. Our trenches also ran through Thiepval wood, -in which the trees were now thick with foliage. The birds built their -nests and sang merrily enough on those Spring mornings. They did not -appear to mind the shelling, even a cuckoo could sometimes be heard, -reminding us that winter was over "this winter of our discontent." -Spring had indeed come, a time when the birds call, the trees call, -all nature calls for life, while we were there to kill and to be -killed. There were moments when a lull came in the busy day's work, -when the monotony of trench warfare left time to think, that thoughts -such as these arose. - -[Illustration: Thiepval Wood. G. Sector.] - -We spent Easter in billets, in Martinsart village. The 23rd of April -being Easter Sunday, a general holiday was given to the Battalion. -Amiens, once the capital of Picardy, was about twenty-five miles -distant, a long ride, but an interesting old town, and well worth -visiting. Its fortifications have been turned into Boulevards, but -it still retains its old citadel, and the Cathedral of Notre Dame is -indeed a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. The great straight road -that leads from Amiens to the front, or Albert, is the great route -nationale, running from Rouen through Amiens, Albert, Pozieres, Le Sars -and Bapaume on to Mons and Valenciennes. It was on this road that the -famous Gordon Bennet races took place, and a better road for riding -on or motoring on, it would be hard to find. The road is lined on -either side with poplar trees, and a screen used to be hung from tree -to tree to hide the traffic to and from Albert. There are few trees -left now, and only the barest stumps, owing to bombardment. Amiens, as -a rule, was out of bounds to both Officers and men, unless they were -the possessors of a pass, but on Easter Monday official permission -was granted to all, and many availed themselves of the opportunity to -explore the ancient town. It was a chance to see civilization again, -and to dine in a restaurant. At that time Amiens had not been badly -shelled, even the Bosche aeroplanes seemed to be busy elsewhere, and -life went on much the same as in towns at the Base. People went about -their business and pleasure with very little thought of the enemy who -were comparatively few miles away. The ride back at night from Amiens -was rather an interesting experience. After the first six miles the sky -was lit up like sheet lightning. Then the villages all became dark, -no lights to be seen, then came the halts at the different outposts, -the constant flashes and rockets in the sky, awful, yet fascinating. -Nearer Albert the sound of the guns became clearer, and in the distance -could be seen the great Church tower of Notre Dame de Brebieres with -the leaning figure of the Virgin holding the infant Christ above her -head. For over a year she had hung at an angle of 15 degrees below -horizontal, face downwards to the street below. The French people -believed that the day the holy figures fell, would see the end of the -War, and that the German shell which threw down the blessed Virgin of -Brebieres would shatter the throne of the Hohenzollerns. - -[Illustration: ALBERT.] - -[Illustration: RUINS OF ALBERT.] - -Our Battalion being now out of the trenches the Companies were divided -among the small villages around. My Company had the luck to be billeted -in Autuille, a small village on the Ancre. We were able to get -plenty of amusement there between rat hunting, fishing and bathing. -Captain E. and I spent several afternoons trying for trout, and sent -our finest specimen to "B" Company with compliments. The Ancre at -Autuil was an excellent place for fishing, and this would have been -a pleasant occupation were it not for the fact that snipers found us -out in a short time. The bathing place was hardly 600 yards from the -German lines. On May 7th the "Tyrones" had the honour of carrying -out the first raid made by the Division. The following is contained -in a special order of the day issued by Major General O. S Nugent, -D.S.O., Officer Commanding Division. "A raid on the German trenches -was carried out at midnight on the 7th inst., by the 9th Battalion -Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, the raiding party consisting of Major -W. J. Peacock, Captain J. Weir, Lieut. W. S. Furness, Sec.-Lieut. L. -W. H. Stevenson, Sec.-Lieut. R. W. M'Kinley, Sec.-Lieut. J. Taylor, -and 84 other ranks. The raid was completely successful and was carried -out exactly as planned. Six German dug-outs, in which it is certain -there were a considerable number of men, were thoroughly bombed, and -a machine gun was blown up, while a lively bombing fight took place -between the blocking detachments of the raiding party and the Germans. -Having accomplished the purpose of the raid the party was withdrawn -with the loss of one man killed and two wounded. The raid was ably -organised by Major Peacock, and was carried out by the Officers and -men in accordance with plan, the discipline and determination of the -party being all that could be desired. The Divisional Commander desires -that his congratulations should be extended to all who took part in it." - -Brigadier-General Hickman in a special Brigade Order says--"The -arrangements and plans reflect the greatest credit on Colonel Ricardo, -Major Peacock, and the Officers concerned. The whole scheme was -executed with great dash and determination, with cool judgment and -nerve." - -The following awards were issued--Major Peacock received the D.S.O., -Sec.-Lieutenant Stevenson the Military Cross, Sergeant Barker, D.C.M., -and Lance-Corporal D. Armour, M.M. - -[Illustration: THE RUINS OF ALBERT CATHEDRAL.] - -At this time an important change took place in the Command of the -11th Battalion Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers. Lieutenant-Colonel W. F. -Hessey was promoted to Brigadier-General, and given Command of the -110th Infantry Brigade. His place was taken by Major G. H. Brush, -Second in Command of the 10th Battalion (Derry Volunteers). The -following farewell Order was issued by Lieutenant-Colonel Hessey to his -Battalion. "Lieutenant-Colonel Hessey wishes God Speed to all members -of the 11th Inniskillings, and thanks them for the loyal support they -have given him from the raising of the Battalion to this day. He leaves -the Battalion with very sincere regret, but with feelings of great -pride that he has had the privilege of Commanding such a fine lot of -Officers, N.C.O.'s and men, and that their "esprit de corps" has made -the Battalion a worthy part of the 27th Inniskilling Regiment of Foot." -During the following days we spent alternate periods in and out of -the trenches, with little excitement to keep our spirits up. On May -16th we again took over from the 13th Battalion Royal Irish Rifles -(Downs), and this time a spell of beautiful weather favoured us and the -trenches were quite dry and habitable. We had the usual machine gun -fire at night, especially from the direction of Thiepval Chateau, also -a large number of shrapnel shells and whizbangs fell in our Sector. -The enemy was apparently very busy during the night on his front line -opposite our Company. We could hear the sound of picking and shovelling -going on, and stakes being driven into the ground. During 18th-19th -the enemy gave us little peace, between trench mortars, heavies, and -whizbangs. Several salvoes of shrapnel managed to do considerable -damage to our inspection trench and Whit Church Street. During a heavy -bombardment, while the shells went over and round us at a tremendous -rate I was lying flat on my stomach to avoid some shrapnel that burst -near. I looked round to see if there were any casualties among the men -following, and noticed a head emerging from the earth which had fallen -in all round; suddenly there was a splutter, the head moved, and a very -solemn voice said "Boys o' boys it's aboot time the referee blew his -whistle," his thoughts must have been far away on the Balmoral football -ground, perhaps he was thinking of a tough fight Malone v. Queen's, in -the old days. - -We were glad to notice that the German trenches opposite suffered -severely on the retaliation of our artillery. The following nights were -busy putting up wire and sending out patrols. On one occasion a sentry -reported having seen an aeroplane fall in flames some distance to the -east of Thiepval, just before it fell three planes had been observed -very high in the air, and the sound of machine-gun fire heard coming -from them. - -On the 20th there was considerable enemy machine gun activity, and a -very large number of flares were sent up during the night from the -German lines. At 9-30 p.m. two red flares were sent up apparently -from the German salient opposite "Mary Redan." Immediately afterwards -two salvoes of shrapnel were fired, and appeared to burst in the -neighbourhood of "Mary Redan," while enemy search lights could be seen -near Serre. - -During the 21st the enemy continued his constant machine gun fire, and -at night our wiring parties were much hampered on this account, one -being forced to come in. At 10-30 p.m. on the 22nd, red rockets were -sent up from the German lines north of the river Ancre. Immediately -afterwards a heavy bombardment by enemy artillery began, apparently on -our lines in front of Thiepval, which lasted about half-an-hour. We had -a more or less quiet day on the 23rd, and on the 24th were relieved by -the 13th Royal Irish Rifles. "C" Company was sent to Autile, "B" to -South Antrim Villas, and the other two Companies to Mesnil. We spent -a pleasant few days in billets, the usual rat hunts and bathing in -the Ancre gave plenty of amusement to the men. On May 31st we got our -orders to join "D" Company in Martinsart, and the following day moved -to Harponville via Bouzincourt and Varrennes, where we rejoined our -Brigade, and started Divisional exercises on a large training ground -known as the Clairfaye trenches. These trenches had been dug from -aeroplane photographs, and were an exact reproduction of the German -trenches opposite Thiepval. It was here that we heard the terrible news -of the death of Lord Kitchener, to whose genius we owed so much. During -our period of training the 107th Brigade held the trenches at Thiepval. - -[Illustration: THIEPVAL VILLAGE] - -On June 15th, at 3 p.m., the Battalion marched off, and with the 9th -Royal Irish Fusiliers bivouacked in Martinsart Wood. Martinsart village -was already occupied by numerous troops sent up in readiness for the -great battle of the Somme. We sent working parties down to Thiepval -wood to help in the digging of assembly trenches. Our working party was -very unfortunate, and out of No. 11 platoon we had six men wounded, -Miller, Lyle, Brown, Galloway, Quinn, and "B" Company also lost eleven -men. - -On 17th several new Officers joined the Battalion in Martinsart Wood, -among them Lieut. J. Marshall, posted to "B" Company, afterwards proved -to be the only officer of the 11th Battalion who went over the top on -the 1st July without getting wounded. All was bustle and excitement, we -heard we were to hold the line from Thiepval Wood to La Boiselle and -Fricourt. - -On 22nd the Tyrones went into the trenches. We had a fine concert in -"D" Company Mess, and I had a last talk to the N.C.O.'s. On 23rd we -paraded at 7-45 p.m. and marched to our trenches in Thiepval Wood. -Our Company Officers consisted of the following--myself, in command, -Captain Ewart, Lieutenants Vance, Ellis, Young, Carson and Murphy. It -was a very hot march but a glorious day, and all of us were in good -heart. "C" and "D" Companies manned the front line, with "A" and "B" -behind, "C" holding from Elgin Avenue to Garden Gate at the head of -Cromarty Avenue. "C" Company Headquarters were in Thurso Street, and -Battalion Headquarters in Cromarty Avenue. On the 26th, at 2-30, we had -planned a gas attack, but there was not much wind, and the gas did not -go well. Young and myself happened to be the next casualties, luckily -both of us slight. Young was gassed while on duty at a gas cylinder, -and I got a touch of shrapnel from a whiz bang. It meant No. 29 C.C.S. -for both of us, and very reluctantly we had to leave our men just on -the eve of the first and greatest battle ever fought by the Division. - - - - -PART II. - -THE CHARGE OF THE ULSTER DIVISION. - -ULSTER'S SACRIFICE. - - - Ah! fair July of tear and sigh - Sad was the news you brought - To many an ancient noble Hall, - And humble peasants' cot, - Within our old courageous land - Of honour, truth and worth - Grave Ulster of the Iron Will, - Proud Province of the North. - - H. G. Gallagher. - - -The following account of the great battle is taken from different -stories and official accounts given by Officers and men who came -through that memorable day. It has been censored by several Commanding -Officers in the Division, who ascertain to the correctness of it in -detail. In a letter received by General Sir George Richardson, K.C.B., -commanding the Ulster Volunteer Force, from General Nugent, commanding -the Ulster Division, the following passages occur:-- - -"Before you get this we shall have put the value of the Ulster Division -to the supreme test. I have no fear of the result. I am certain no -General in the Army out here has a finer Division, fitter or keener. I -am certain they will be magnificent in attack, and we could hardly have -a date better calculated to inspire national traditions amongst our men -of the North.[2] It makes me very sad to think what the price may be, -but I am quite sure the Officers and men reck nothing of that." - -[Illustration: Map showing the Lines of Advance taken by Ulster -Division, July, 1st, 1916.] - -Our Divisional line on the right ran through Moy and Crucifix (see -map), and on the left from "Mary Redan" on the other side of the -river. The 109th Brigade held the line on the extreme right, 9th -Inniskilling Fusiliers, and 10th Inniskilling Fusiliers in front, -with 11th Inniskilling Fusiliers and 14th Royal Irish Rifles behind. -Of the 108th Brigade, our Battalion was on the right nearest the 10th -Inniskilling Fusiliers, then came 13th Royal Irish Rifles with 9th -Royal Irish Fusiliers and the 12th Royal Irish Rifles on the extreme -left. Our Battalion formed "B" and "A" Companies in front, with "D" -and "C" Companies in support, "C" supporting "A" on the right, "D" -supporting "B" on the left. Our object was the line marked "Omagh" -"Strabane." "C" Company was to consolidate "Omagh" and "A" Company -"Strabane." "D" and "B" Companies commanded by Captain Webb and Captain -Craig, "Strabane" and "Enniskillen". That was as far as we had to -go, which meant consolidating the 3rd German line running through -"Coleraine," "Portadown," "Enniskillen," "Strabane," "Omagh." The 107th -Brigade were in support behind the 108th, and we were supported by the -15th Battalion Royal Irish Rifles. The object of the 107th Brigade was -then to pass through to the 4th German line, "Portrush," "Bundoran," -"Derry," and consolidate it. This was as far as the Division was to -go. We were to be relieved by the 49th Division when we had "done our -bit." After an intense bombardment the great day of battle broke in -"sunshine and mist" the mist almost obscuring the brilliant sunshine -as the morning advanced. The previous night had been passed quietly -in the trenches, the enemy submitting in silence to the terrific gun -fire. The German lines were pulverised, shells being discharged at the -rate of 140 rounds of shell per minute. In spite of this their dug-outs -mostly remained uninjured. For half-an-hour it seemed as if the guns -had gathered themselves together for one grand final effort before -the British lines should be let loose on their prey. Presently the -mist cleared away and heavy black smoke clouds could be seen drifting -across the German lines on a slight south-westerly breeze, the result -of the bursting of our heavy shells. This proved small assistance to -us later on, when, with the sun in their faces, our men advanced from -the trenches. At seven o'clock, eight of our 'planes flying over the -German lines were fired at, but not much damage done. The Germans still -lying low, not a single German aviator could be seen at any time that -morning. Soon after 7 a.m. there was a perceptible slackening of our -fire, and at 7-30 a.m. the attack began, our gallant soldiers leapt -from their trenches and advanced against the enemy. The very moment -that our men slipped over the parapet they were met with a hail of -machine-gun bullets and shrapnel played on them. It was then that -Captain Webb, of "D" Company fell, and many others. They advanced in -waves 50 yards apart, and were mown down like hay. "A" Company was soon -wiped out, and "C" Company, supporting it, suffered very severely; -but they pressed on, gaining all their objectives. By this time there -had been a severe thinning out of officers and others in command, and -the men, too eager, shoved on towards the 4th line very quickly, and -got into the fire of our own artillery. Some of "B" and "D" Company -actually got into Grandcourt. A war correspondent said: "The gallantry -displayed by the carrying parties at this part of the fight was most -conspicuous, and tiny escorts showed complete contempt of danger in -bringing prisoners across an area which was being ploughed up by shell -fire. One man, unaided, shepherded across the valley of death a party -of fifteen Germans who showed extreme reluctance to risk the fire of -their own guns; they wanted to lie down and wait. 'Not at all,' said -the Ulsterman, covering them with his rifle, 'just you go across, and -they'll look after you when you get there.' In the course of a brief -conversation several of the prisoners said that the effect of our -bombardment prior to the launching of the attack had been terrific. -They had been in the front lines, and while they had a reserve supply -of food, our barrage fire had prevented them getting any water. Their -machine-guns, they said, had been protected by being placed in deep -dug-outs, and were brought up and used against our troops when they -advanced." Within an hour and a half after the opening of the battle -our men had taken five lines of German trenches and captured several -hundred prisoners, advancing wave after wave like an irresistible -tide. We were in advance of the Division on our left, who were to take -Beaumont Hamel, and consequently the whole left flank was exposed to -batteries of machine-guns: it was through this that the 12th Battalion -Royal Irish Rifles suffered so severely, also the 9th Royal Irish -Rifles, who supported them. "The men advanced as if on parade; one or -two remembering the ancient watchwords, sang out "Dolly's Brae" and -"No Surrender," but for the most part they kept the stiff upper lip -and clenched teeth that meant death or victory." There was no thought -of giving way, merely duty to be done and a task to be completed. Into -the very furnace heat of the German fire our gallant lads went, and -as shot and shell raked their ranks, others pressed forward to take -their places. From both flanks they were enfiladed by machine-gun -fire. On the right, Germans lying low in dug-outs came up from the -cellars in Thiepval village with machine-guns and poured a hail of -bullets into the 109th Brigade and 108th Brigade from behind. "As they -emerged from Thiepval Wood they fell in hundreds, the German fire at -this point being protracted and perfect." The trees were slashed and -cut till nothing but bare stumps remained. No one could cross that No -Man's Land and escape the fire; even the wounded were shot through -and through on the ground as they lay. The 107th Brigade, passing -through in support to the 108th, did magnificent work. All day long -the remnants of the battalions held on to the lines of the German -trenches which had been captured, though nearly all the officers were -gone, but no supplies of bombs or ammunition could be got across. In -the evening, about six o'clock, a big German counter-attack was made, -and we had to fall back, leaving our wounded, who were too bad to be -moved, in dug-outs. These advanced points could not be held for long; -the enemy might be killed and captured, but the place had developed -into a dangerous salient, while the flanking fire from right and left -made the position a terrible one, the Division on either side being -held up by unsurmountable obstacles. The order to retire was given, and -on Saturday night, July 1st, we were once more on our old front line. -Apparently all the sacrifice had been in vain. At 1 o'clock on Sunday -afternoon the remnants of the 107th Brigade and all that was left of -our battalion and the 13th Royal Irish Rifles counter-attacked and -easily retook the three German lines. The crucial point was the ridge -that ran through "Omagh," and unless that could be held we could not -hope to hold Serre and the line to La Boiselle. On the left, Beaumont -Hamel commanded all, and on the right Thiepval village was the strong -point. Unless these were captured our divisional line became a salient -raked by machine-gun fire. The 32nd Division actually passed through -Thiepval village, but the Germans, who were hidden in the cellars and -concrete dug-outs, allowed them to pass, and then came up from behind, -and the casualties were appalling. The 12th Royal Irish Rifles and the -9th Royal Irish Fusiliers, on our left, were practically wiped out. The -Germans staked all on holding the ridge. 70 of the 15th Royal Irish -Rifles and 113 of our 11th Battalion answered their names on Saturday -night, and that was before the fierce fighting of Sunday. One of the -most remarkable facts was the enormous number of slightly wounded men -among our casualties; and as for the medical organisation, nothing -could surpass it; no tribute could be great enough for the divisional -medical staff. It was a magnificently heroic fight, and one of which -Ulster has every reason to be proud. - - - - -THE RED HAND OF ULSTER. - -SOMME--JULY 1ST, 1916. - - - When one great wave has shatter'd - A coast that gleamed in light, - We look, and share the wonder, - Amazement and affright; - But what can hide its grandeur, - And what can veil its might? - - * * * * * - - On grey and heathy hillsides, - In valleys bowered in leaves; - In wide and flowery meadows, - Where peaceful sheep and beeves - Strayed thro' the days of waiting, - No change the eye perceives. - - The mist-clouds veil the mountains, - The mist-rains drift and wing - Across the ancient castle, - The homely cot, where cling - The climbing sprays of woodbine, - Where wild birds hop and sing. - - * * * * * - - Now comes the news of battle-- - The long-awaited roll - Of our great Western rampant-- - A wall of thews, and soul-- - And Ulster's sons are writing - Their names upon a scroll. - - That rain-swept mist-land gathers - Before their eyes, as forth - They sweep--the watched-for Ulsters, - For honour of the North; - For Freedom's best and dearest, - For Britain's word and worth. - - That wave of Northern valour - Is like the advancing tide, - And nought can cool or curb it, - And nought can change its stride; - In "Derry," "Enniskillen," - And Omagh they reside! - - 'Tis Lurgan and Dungannon, - Armagh and proud Belfast, - St. Johnston, Londonderry, - And Donegal's grey vast - That flit before their vision - As trench by trench is passed. - - The roar of bursting cannon - Breaks voices faintly heard-- - The voices of their youth-time, - Familiar jest and word; - But, hark! the call is "Onward!" - And visions grow more blurred. - - * * * * * - - Hurrah! the drive so eager, - So long-continued, deep, - The firmly-driven bayonet, - The stumble and the leap - Grow less intense; the foeman - Has wavered in the sweep! - - And in the lone, grey cottage - A trembling hand essays - To hold the fateful message - Which speaks a proud son's praise: - "He nobly did his duty, - And fell--there is a haze....." - - Read in another homestead-- - A loftier home, now chill;-- - The page tells of a soldier - Who led his men, until - There came the hue of sunset-- - He lives in honour still. - - "Dead," do you call these heroes? - Dead?--who have given birth - To all that makes life living-- - To all that is of worth; - No, never, never write it-- - This "death" is Freedom's girth! - - This wounding is for homeland-- - For Britain's winsome weal-- - Through all the years advancing, - A theme for song, a peal - That swings in jubilation-- - How Ulster met the steel! - - How Ulster claimed the expected, - Already-given cheer; - How Ulster's hand directed - The torch which yet shall sear - The remnant of the Prussian, - And make the future clear! - - WILLIAM J. GALLAGHER. - - Galdonagh, Manorcunningham, - Co. Donegal. - - 10th July, 1916. - -(Published by permission of the Author.) - - - - -PART III. - - -In a specially written account of the part taken in the big advance of -July 1st by the Tyrone Battalion of the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers, -Lieut.-Col. Ricardo, D.S.O., commander of the battalion, says:--Just -now it is a hard struggle between pride and sorrow, and every moment -the latter surges up, and it takes a mighty effort to keep our chins -up; but we shall see it through and begin again, however hard. Out -of 19 officers who went over, 12 have gone, the very best, and all -dear pals; four came back untouched, and three wounded got back--one -of these lay out for 24 hours, and one for 48--whilst the casualties -in the rank and file were numerous. Early on the 1st July (the boys -were convinced the date had been chosen for their especial benefit) -the battle began. Every gun on both sides fired as fast as it could, -and during that din our dear boys just walked out of the wood and up -gaps we had cut through our parapet, and out through lanes in our -wire. I shall never forget for one minute the extraordinary sight. -The Derrys, on our left, were so eager they started a few minutes -before the ordered time, and the Tyrones were not going to be left -behind, and they got going without delay--no fuss, no shouting, no -running; everything orderly, solid, and thorough, just like the men -themselves. Here and there a boy would wave his hand to me as I shouted -"good-luck" to them through my megaphone, and all had a happy face. -Many were carrying loads. Fancy advancing against heavy fire carrying -a heavy roll of barbed wire on your shoulders! The leading battalions -suffered comparatively little getting out, but when they came close -to the German front line they came under appalling machine-gun fire, -which obliterated whole platoons. And alas! for us, the division on -our right could not get on, and the same happened to the division -on our left, so we came in for the concentrated fire of what would -have been spread over three divisions. But every man who remained -standing pressed on, and without officers or N.C.O.'s they "carried -on," faithful to their job. Not a man turned back, not one. Eventually, -small knots belonging to all the battalions of the Division (except -two) gathered into the part of the German line allotted to the Division -and began to consolidate it. Major John Peacocke, a cousin of Lady -Carson, a most gallant and dashing officer, was sent forward after -the advance to see how matters stood. He took charge, and gave to -the representatives of each unit a certain task in the defence. The -situation after the first few hours was indeed a cruel one for the -Ulster Division. There they were, a wedge driven into the German line, -only a few hundred yards wide, and for 14 hours they bore the brunt of -the German machine-gun fire and shell fire from the sides; and even -from behind they were not safe. The parties told off to deal with the -German first and second lines had in many cases been wiped out, and the -Germans sent parties from the flanks in behind our boys. The Division -took 800 prisoners, and could have taken hundreds more, but could not -handle them. Major Peacocke sent back many messages by runners. They -asked for reinforcements, for water, and for bombs, but no one had -any men in reserve, and no men were left to send across. We were told -reinforcements were at hand and to hold on, but it was difficult, I -suppose, to get fresh troops up in time. At any rate, the help did not -come. I sent off every man I had--my own servant, my shorthand clerk, -and so on--to get water out of the river; the pipes had long before -been smashed. On their way, many, including both above-named, were -killed by shell fire. At 10-30 p.m. the glorious band had to come back; -they had reached the third line. At 8-30 a.m. they fought to the last, -and threw their last bomb, and were so exhausted that most of them -could not speak; and shortly after they came back, help came, and the -line they had taken and held was re-occupied without opposition, the -Germans, I suppose, being as exhausted as we were. Our side eventually -lost the wedge-like bit, after some days. It was valueless, and could -only be held at very heavy cost. We were withdrawn late on Sunday -evening, very tired and weary. There are many instances of outstanding -gallantry, but it is almost impossible to collect evidence. We may hear -more of it when some of our wounded come back. - - -A correspondent to the "Times" wrote:-- - - I am not an Ulsterman, but yesterday as I followed their amazing - attack I felt I would rather be an Ulsterman than anything else - in the world. My position enabled me to watch the commencement - of their attack from the wood in which they formed up, but which - long prior to the hour of assault was being overwhelmed with shell - fire, so that the trees were stripped and the top half of the wood - ceased to be anything but a slope of bare stumps, with innumerable - shell holes peppered in the chalk. It looked as if nothing could - live in the wood, and indeed the losses were heavy before they - started, two companies of one battalion being sadly reduced in the - assembly trenches. When I saw the men emerge through the smoke and - form up as if on parade, I could hardly believe my eyes. Then I saw - them attack, beginning at a slow walk over No Man's Land, and then - suddenly let loose as they charged over the two front lines of the - enemy's trenches, shouting "No surrender, boys!" The enemy's fire - raked them from the left, and machine-guns in a village enfiladed - them on the right, but battalion after battalion came out of - that awful wood as steadily as I have seen them at Ballykinlar, - Clandeboye, or Shane's Castle. The enemy's third line was soon - taken, and still the waves went on, getting thinner and thinner, - but without hesitation. The enemy's fourth line fell before these - men, who could not be stopped. There remained the fifth line. - Representatives of the neighbouring corps and division, who could - not withhold their praise at what they had seen, said no human - man could get to it until the flanks of the Ulster Division was - cleared. This was recognised, and the attack on the last German - line was countermanded. The order arrived too late, or perhaps the - Ulstermen, who were commemorating the anniversary of the Boyne, - would not be denied, but pressed on. I could see only a small - portion of this advance, but could watch our men work forward, - seeming to escape the shell fire by a miracle, and I saw parties - of them, now much reduced indeed, enter the fifth line of the - German trenches, our final objective. It could not be held, as the - Division had advanced into a narrow salient. The Corps on our right - and left had been unable to advance, so that the Ulstermen were the - target of the concentrated hostile guns and machine-guns behind - and on both flanks, though the enemy in front were vanquished and - retreating. The order to retire was given, but some preferred to - die on the ground they had won so hardly. As I write, they still - hold the German two first lines, and occasionally batches of German - prisoners are passed back over the deadly zone; over 500 have - arrived, but the Ulstermen took many more, who did not survive the - fire of their own German guns. My pen cannot describe adequately - the hundreds of heroic acts that I witnessed, nor how yesterday a - relieving force was organised of men who had already been fighting - for 36 hours to carry ammunition and water to the gallant garrison - still holding on. - -The following letter sent to the "Times," July 3rd, is a description of -the great day by a senior officer:-- - - The 1st of July should for all time have a double meaning for - Ulstermen. The attack carried out by the Ulster Division was the - finest thing the new armies have done in this war. Observers - from outside the Division who saw it say it was a superb example - of discipline and courage. We had to come through a wood which - was being literally blown to pieces, form up in successive lines - outside of it under a devastating fire, and then advance across the - open for 400 yards to the German first line trenches. It was done - as if it was a parade movement on the barrack square. The losses - were formidable before we ever reached the first line, but the men - never faltered, and finally rushed the first line, cheering and - shouting, "Boyne" and "No Surrender!" From then onwards they never - checked or wavered until they reached the fifth line of German - trenches, which was the limit of the objective laid down for us. - They captured and brought in many hundred prisoners, and actually - captured many more who were either killed by the German fire before - they reached our lines, or were able to get away in the maze of - trenches owing to the escort being knocked over. I can hardly - bring myself to think or write of it. It was magnificent--beyond - description. Officers led their men with a gallantry to which I - cannot do justice, and the men followed them with equal gallantry; - and when the officers went down, the men went on alone. The - Division was raked by machine-gun and shell fire from in front and - from both flanks, and our losses have been very severe. - -Ulster should be very proud of her sons. - - - - -PART IV. - - -Messages of tribute to the Ulster Division from:-- - - The Corps Commander. - The Divisional Commander. - The Commanding Officer of the Ulster Volunteer Force. - Sir E. Carson. - The Lord Primate. - The Bishop of Down. - The Bishop of Clogher. - Belfast. - -Lieut.-General Sir T. L. N. Morland, K.C.B., D.S.O., commanding the -Army Corps in which the Ulster Division was serving, has issued the -following order:-- - - The General Officer Commanding the Corps wishes to express to the - General Officer of the Division and all ranks his admiration of - the dash and gallantry with which the attack was carried out, and - which attained a large measure of success under very unfavourable - conditions. He regrets the heavy and unavoidable losses sustained, - and feels sure that after a period of rest the Division will be - ready to respond to any call made upon it. - - G. WEBB, - Brigadier-General, D.A. and Q.M.G. - -The General Officer Commanding the Ulster Division has issued the -following special order:-- - - The General Officer Commanding the Ulster Division desires that the - Division should know that in his opinion nothing finer has been - done in the war than the attack by the Ulster Division on July 1st. - The leading of the company officers, the discipline and courage - shown by all ranks of the Division will stand out in the future - history of the war as an example of what good troops, well led, are - capable of accomplishing. None but troops of the best quality could - have faced the fire which was brought to bear on them, and the - losses suffered during the advance. Nothing could have been finer - than the steadiness and discipline shown by every battalion, not - only in forming up outside its own trenches, but in advancing under - severe enfilading fire. The advance across the open to the German - line was carried out with the steadiness of a parade movement under - a fire from front and flanks which could only have been faced - by troops of the highest quality. The fact that the objects of - the attack on one side were not obtained is no reflection on the - battalions which were entrusted with the task. They did all that - men could do, and in common with every battalion in the Division, - showed the most conspicuous courage and devotion. On the other - side the Division carried out every portion of its allotted task - in spite of the heaviest losses. It captured nearly 600 prisoners, - and carried its advance triumphantly to the limits of the objective - laid down. There is nothing in the operations carried out by the - Ulster Division on July 1st that will not be a source of pride to - all Ulstermen. The Division has been highly tried, and has emerged - from the ordeal with unstained honour, having fulfilled in every - particular the great expectations formed of it. Tales of individual - and collective heroism on the part of officers and men come in - from every side, too numerous to mention, but all showing that the - standard of gallantry and devotion attained is one that may be - equalled but is never likely to be surpassed. The General Officer - Commanding the Division deeply regrets the heavy losses of officers - and men. He is proud beyond description, as every officer and man - in the Division may well be, of the magnificent example of sublime - courage and discipline which the Ulster Division has given to the - Army. Ulster has every reason to be proud of the men she has given - to the service of our country. Though many of our best men have - gone, the spirit which animated them remains in the Division, and - will never die. - -The following orders of the day have been issued by General Sir George -Richardson, K.C.B., G.O.C., Ulster Volunteer Force:-- - - 1. The General Officer Commanding wishes to take this opportunity - of recording an appreciation of the gallantry of the officers and - men of the Ulster Division. Perhaps it may serve as a solace to - those on whom will fall the heaviest burden of sorrow, and that - it will help to sustain them in the knowledge that duty was nobly - done, and that the great warm heart of Ulster goes out to them in - affectionate sympathy and takes an unfathomable and unforgettable - pride in every man of them. - - 2. Perhaps more especially the officers and men U.V.F. offer their - heartfelt sympathy to the relatives of those who fell on the 1st - July, 1916. They were put to the supreme test, and history will - claim its own record. - - 3. For those who fell in the service of their King, the Empire, and - the glory of Ulster, we mourn, but we have no regrets. We are proud - of our comrades. Our path of duty is clear. Every effort must be - made to fill up the casualties in the Division, and maintain the - glorious lead given by the brave men of Ulster. - - 4. The attack of this Division is already talked of outside the - Division as a superb example of what discipline, good leading and - magnificent spirit can make men capable of performing. Much was - expected of the Ulster Division, and nobly they have fulfilled - expectation. - - 5. I will quote from a letter received:--"There was never a sign - of falter. On the right two battalions of the 108th, the 109th and - the 107th swept over four successive lines of German trenches, - capturing nearly 600 prisoners and reaching the objective laid - down for them absolutely on the stroke of the hour fixed as the - time they might be expected to get there. On the left the 12th - Royal Irish Rifles made a magnificent effort, but were swept away - by machine-gun fire. They did all that men could do. The 9th Royal - Irish Rifles went to them, and succeeded in getting into the - German trenches, and were held up there by weight of munition and - machine-guns." - - 6. It fills me with pride to think how splendidly our men were - capable of performing. - - 7. On the 30th September, 1915, His Majesty the King was graciously - pleased to say to the Ulster Division:--"I am confident that in the - field you will nobly uphold the traditions of the fine regiments - whose name you bear." This mandate has been faithfully obeyed with - a heroism and devotion that will establish a rich record in the - annals of the British Army, and conveyed to us by the war cry of - Ulster--"No Surrender." - - GEO. RICHARDSON, - Lt.-General, G.O.C., U.V.F. - -Sir E. Carson has issued the following message to the Ulster people:-- - - I desire to express, on my own behalf and that of my colleagues - from Ulster, the pride and admiration with which we have learnt of - the unparalleled acts of heroism and bravery which were carried out - by the Ulster Division in the great offensive movement on July 1st. - - From all accounts that we have received they have made the supreme - sacrifice for the Empire of which they were so proud, with a - courage, coolness, and determination, in the face of the most - trying difficulties, which has upheld the great tradition of the - British Army. Our feelings are, of course, mingled with sorrow and - sadness at the loss of so many men who were to us personal friends - and comrades; but we believe that the spirit of their race will at - a time of such grief and anxiety sustain those who mourn their loss - and set an example to others to follow in their footsteps. - -His Grace the Lord Primate of All Ireland, who was in Dungannon holding -a visitation of the clergy of the rural deaneries of Dungannon, Aghalo, -and Tullyhogue, has given us the following message to the people of -Ulster:-- - - All Ireland is proud of the noble gallantry of the Ulster Division. - I have lived amongst these officers and men for the greater - part of my life, and I expected nothing else. They are of the - stock from which our heroes come and to whom our Empire owes so - much--unconquered and unconquerable. - - To-day our hearts are bowed with woe for their relatives at home - who have been so grievously bereaved. For many years to come the - gallantry of these sons of Ulster will be an inspiration to fresh - generations of Irishmen. - - I spent a considerable time with them last January in France, - and I can testify to their patience and pluck, as well as to - their chivalry and courtesy. Oh! the wild charge they made! Their - services for honour and truth, after they have passed on into the - near presence of God, will never be forgotten. - -The Right Rev. Dr. D'Arcy, the Bishop of Down, in a message, says:-- - - The 1st of July will for all the future be remembered as the most - glorious in the annals of Ulster. Terrible indeed are the losses - sustained. Many of our noblest and best young men, to whom we - looked for help and leadership in the time to come, have given - their lives in the service of their country and for the welfare - of humanity. But our deep sorrow is permeated by the sense of the - joyful exultation at their splendid heroism. They have proved - themselves worthy of the grandest traditions of their race. They - have, indeed, surpassed all records of ancient chivalry. Wherever - Ulstermen go they will carry with them something of the glory - of the great achievement of the 1st July. The spirit of willing - sacrifice for the sake of those great ideals of liberty and - progressive humanity which belonged to all that is best in the - British race, and which has inspired Ulster throughout all her - recent struggles, was never more magnificently exhibited. - -The Right Rev. Dr. Day, the Bishop of Clogher, writes:-- - - I most heartily join with the Lord Primate, the Bishop of Down and - others in offering my congratulations to the Ulster Division on - the record of their noble deeds at the front in taking a prominent - part in the great offensive which was begun on July 1st by the - united forces of France and England. While we regret the heavy roll - of casualties with which their great achievements were carried out, - and sincerely sympathise with the sorrowing relatives of those who - have fallen in the cause of their King and country, the "order of - the day" issued by General Nugent is a testimony to valour and - determination which may well rouse the admiration of everyone who - is associated with Ulster. - - MAURICE CLOGHER. - -The following paragraph, taken from the "News-Letter," July 12th, 1916, -shows how Belfast and the people of Ulster paid a tribute to their -glorious dead:-- - -"This year, for the first time in the history of the Orange Institution, -the celebration of the anniversary of the Battle of the Boyne was -abandoned, while the customary holidays were to a great extent -postponed until next month, to enable the shipyards and munition works -to complete immediate orders. At the suggestion of the Lord Mayor, -all work, business and household, was temporarily suspended for five -minutes following the hour of noon to-day, as a tribute to the men who -have fallen in the great British offensive. Viewed from the City Hall, -on the steps of which the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress were standing, -the scene was most impressive. On the stroke of 12 all traffic came -to a standstill, men raised their hats, ladies bowed their heads, the -blinds in business and private houses were drawn, and flags were flown -at half-mast. The bells at the Assembly Hall tolled, and after the -interval of five minutes chimed the hymn 'Abide with Me.' Intercessory -services were held in the Cathedral and other churches. Shortly before -noon the following telegram was received by the Lord Mayor from Sir -Edward and Lady Carson:--'Our prayers and solemn thoughts will be with -you all at 12 o'clock, in memory of our illustrious dead, who have won -glory for the Empire and undying fame for Ulster. May God bless and -help their sorrowing families.'" - -[Illustration: THE EXTERIOR OF ST. RIQUIER CATHEDRAL.] - - - - -NOTE ON ST. RIQUIER. - -(_Appendix I._) - - -A beautiful description of St. Riquier and the foundation of the Abbey -is given in a book by Margaret Stokes, "Three Months in the Forests of -France." - - About the year 589, two Irishmen, named Caidox and Fricor, - disembarked on the coast at the little town of Quentovic, on the - mouth of the Somme, with twelve companions, and they followed the - great Roman road, now called the Chaussee Brunehaut, preaching the - Gospel on their way. They reached Centule (now St. Riquier), and - remained there some days to rest. Some say they came to France - with Columban, and that when Columban resumed his journey towards - the Vosges, he left behind him these two monks that they might - give instructions to the half-barbarous inhabitants, and initiate - them into the mysteries of the Christian religion. "They fought - on," said the old chronicler, "perceiving that the inhabitants of - Centule (St. Riquier) were blinded by error and iniquity, and were - subjected to the most cruel slavery; they laboured with all their - strength to redeem their souls, and wash them in the Saviour's - Blood." But the people could not understand the language of these - heavenly messengers, and they rebelled against a teaching so - holy and sublime. They demanded what these adventurers, who had - just escaped out of a barbarous island, could be in search of, - and by what right they sought to impose their laws on them. The - voice of charity was met by cries, menaces, and outrage, and the - natives strove to drive them from their shores by violence, when - suddenly a young noble, named Riquier, appeared upon the scene. - He commanded silence, and arrested the most furious amongst the - mob, and taking the two strangers under his protection, he brought - them into his house. He gave them food and drink, and in return - they gave him such nourishment of the soul as he before had never - tasted. He learned to know God and love Him beyond all things.... - When he had taken orders he became the founder of the celebrated - Abbey of Centule (now St. Riquier), and the bodies of the two - Irishmen from whom he had learned Christianity were interred with - splendour in this church. When St. Angelbert, in the year 799, - restored this church, he also restored the half-ruined tombs, - decorated their shrines with such magnificence, and inscribed - verses upon them in letters of gold. The relics of the two saints - lay beneath the monument till the year 1070, when St. Geroinus - transferred them to a silver shrine adorned with precious stones, - and in this shrine also were laid the relics of another Irish - saint, Mauguille. Their festival is celebrated on June 3rd. On the - road from Abbeville to Doullens, on the edge of the wood of St. - Riquier, and below the slope of a smiling hill, an ancient church, - majestically seated in the valley below, comes into view. It is - the Abbey Church of St. Riquier. The town rises from the foot of - the church like an amphitheatre round the enclosure of its ancient - walls. The great tower rises above the fertile fields around and - above the summits of the distant hills and woodland glades. The - little stream of Seardon, which almost threatens to disappear at - its very source, passes through the lower town and on towards the - south-west. The old chroniclers called it Reviere au Cardons, from - the little flower cardoon. This little thread of water, rising at - Bonnefontaine, under Isinbard's tomb, is swelled by the junction - with the river Mirandeuil, or Misendeuil, a name derived from the - fact that it was at this spot the ladies of St. Riquier first heard - the fatal news that their husbands had fallen in the Battle of - Crecy.... The labours of the Irish Church in Picardy, commenced - by these two missionaries, Caidox and Fricor, and carried on by - the disciples of Columban from Luxeuil, were destined to receive - a fresh impetus from the parent country. Another mission, this - time from the shores of Lough Corrib, in Galway, was undertaken. - Fursa and his twelve companions, who landed at Mayoc, at the mouth - of the river Somme, A.D. 638, went up the river to St. Riquier, - a monastery in which he must have found traditions of his native - Church. - -[Illustration: THE INTERIOR OF ST. RIQUIER CATHEDRAL.] - -[Illustration: OFFICERS 11th BATTALION ROYAL IRISH RIFLES. July. 1915 - -_Top Row_--Lieut. Waring, 2nd Lieut. Ellis, 2nd Lieut. P. B. Thornely, -Lieut. F. G. Hull, 2nd Lieut. D. J. Brown, Lieut. E. Vance, Lieut. R. -H. Neill (Assistant Adjutant), 2nd Lieut. C. C. Canning. - -_Second Row_ (_standing_)--Lt. and Q.M. W. L. Devoto, Lieut. R. -Thompson (Transport Officer), Lieut. C. F. K. Ewart, 2nd Lieut. C. G. -F. Waring, 2nd. Lieut. S. A. M'Neill, 2nd Lieut. D. S. Priestly, 2nd -Lieut. W. C. Boomer, 2nd Lieut. T. H. Wilson, 2nd Lieut. G. O. Young -(Scout Officer), Lieut. K. M. Moore, Lieut. M. C. Graham (Medical -Officer), Captain S. D. B. Masters. - -_Third Row_ (_sitting_)--Captain Smyth, Capt. C. C. Craig, M.P., -Capt. A. P. Jenkins, Capt. R. Rivers Smyth (Brigade Major, 108th Inf. -Brigade), Major P. L. K. Blair Oliphant (2nd in Command), Lt.-Col. H. -A. Pakenham (Commanding), Major W. D. Deverell (Adjutant), Capt. O. B. -Webb, Capt. A. F. Charley, Capt. A. P. I. Samuels. - -_Two Officers sitting in front_--2nd Lieut. C. H. H. Orr, 2nd Lieut. J. -C. Carson.] - - - - -Biographies of Officers of 11th Royal Irish Rifles (South Antrim -Volunteers,) who were killed or wounded during the Battle of the Somme. - - -_In some cases Photographs could not be obtained_. - -[Illustration: CAPTAIN C. C. CRAIG. - -Commanding B Company; wounded and prisoner; M.P. for South Antrim.] - -[Illustration: MAJOR A. P. JENKINS, Lisburn. - -Commanding A Company; wounded and prisoner; first reported missing; -received Commission as Captain in 11th Royal Irish Rifles, September, -1914, served in France till July 1st, 1916, when wounded and made -prisoner, released from Germany owing to wounds in December, 1916, -spent from December, 1916, till November, 1917, as a repatriated -prisoner of war in Switzerland, returned to England November, 1917.] - -[Illustration: CAPTAIN O. B. WEBB. - -Commanding D Company, killed in action; son of the late Mr. Charles J. -Webb, J.P., the Old Bleach Linen Company, Randalstown.] - -[Illustration: CAPTAIN A. P. I. SAMUELS. - -Commanding C Company; wounded during bombardment previous to advance, -afterwards killed at Messines, September, 1916; son of the Right Hon. -Mr. Justice Samuels.] - -[Illustration: CAPTAIN E. F. SMITH. - -Wounded; son of Mr. Smith of Banbridge; before the war was an officer -in the Lisburn contingent of the U.V.F.] - -[Illustration: LIEUT. E. B. VANCE. - -Died of wounds a prisoner in Germany; C Company; son of the late Mr. -William Vance, Antrim.] - -[Illustration: CAPTAIN CECIL EWART. - -Killed in action; second in command of C Company; he took Command of -the Company after Captain Samuels was wounded. Captain Ewart is the -second son of Mr. F. W. Ewart, Derryvolgie, Lisburn.] - -[Illustration: LIEUT. R. H. NEILL. - -Killed; only son of Mr. Reginald Neill, Colingrove, Dunmurry; -educated at Mourne Grange, Kilkeel, Co. Down, and Malvern College, -Worcestershire. He was formerly an officer in the 2nd Batt. South -Antrim Regiment, U.V.F.] - -[Illustration: LIEUT. W. ELLIS. - -C Company; wounded; son of Mr. Ellis, Toomebridge.] - -[Illustration: LIEUT. G. O. YOUNG. - -C Company, Scout Officer; gassed in bombardment previous to advance; -son of Mr. George L. Young, J.P., Culdaff House, Co. Donegal, and -Millmount, Randalstown.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. B. W. GAMBLE. - -A Company; wounded; son of Mr. Baptist Gamble, 2 Elmwood Avenue, -G.W.R., Belfast.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. G. N. HUNTER. - -Wounded; second son of Mr. Samuel Hunter, Gracepark Gardens, Dublin, -Public Valuer to His Majesty's Treasury in Ireland.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. E. DANIEL. - -Shell-shock; son of Mr Daniel, Dungannon.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. J. W. SALTER. - -B Company; prisoner; first reported killed.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. C. J. H. SAMUELS. - -D Company; wounded; nephew of the Right Hon. Mr. Justice Samuels.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. F. B. THORNELY. - -Wounded; B Company; nephew of Major Blair Oliphant, second in Command -of the Battalion; received his commission from Uppingham School.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. J. C. CARSON. - -C Company; wounded; only son of Mr. J. Carson, of Parkmount, Lisburn, -and the Stock Exchange, Belfast.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. J. C. ORR. - -Wounded; son of Mr. J. C. Orr, Londonderry. Was in the Hong Kong and -Shanghai Bank, London, before the war. He was with the 108th Brigade -Trench Mortar Battery during the advance.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. C. R. B. MURPHY. - -Wounded; son of the Rev. Dr. Murphy, Rector of St. George's Parish -Church, Belfast.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. D. S. PRIESTLY. - -Killed, attached 108th Brigade Machine Gun Corps. This officer had been -with D Company until January, 1916.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. W. C. BOOMER. - -D Company, Lisburn; wounded previous to July 1st.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. BRAMHAL. - -Wounded during bombardment previous to advance.] - -[Illustration: SEC.-LIEUT. S. WARING. - -A Company, Glenavy; wounded previous to July 1st.] - -SEC.-LIEUT. W. P. VINT. - -Wounded; was with the Machine Gun Company, 108th Brigade. - - - - -ORDERS No. 237. - - - By Lieut.-Col. H. A. Pakenham, Commanding 11th (Service) Battalion - Royal Irish Rifles (South Antrim Regiment). - - 16th July, 1916. - - - 313 CASUALTIES. - KILLED--1/7/16. - - - "A" COMPANY. - - Cpl. Dunlop, Q. - L/Cpl. Lennox, F. J. - R'man. Allen, W. J. - " Clelland, G. - " Harvey, J. - " Marks, R. - " Morrow, R. - " Leckey, W. - - - "B" COMPANY. - - R'man. Bell, H. - " Brown, E. - " Gaussen, C. L. - " Haddock, T. - Cpl. Lunn, J. - R'man. Lewis, E. - L/Cpl. M'Kechnie, R. - R'man. M'Keown, W. - " Neill, J. - Cpl. Stewart, P. M. - L/Cpl. Walker, G. F. - R'man. Welch, Alex. - - - "C" COMPANY. - - Sgt. Buick, J. - R'man. Andrews, J. - " Knox, F. - " Magill, R. D. - " Pollock, A. - " Wallace, J. - - - "D" COMPANY. - - C.S.M. Bell, J. - L/Sgt. Bell, J. - L/Cpl. Foster, J. B. - " Cathcart, T. - R'man. Ansell, J. - " Dunleavy, J. - " Gorman, D. - " Hoy, S. - " Harper, J. - " Morrow, J. - " M'Clean, J. - " M'Mullen, J. - " M'Clughan, R. - " M'Gimpsey, J. - " Nixon, R. W. - " Robinson, E. - " Smith, R. - " Sloan, W. - " Steadman, J. - " Stephenson, J. - " Toman, H. - " White, J. - " Weir, W. - - - DIED FROM WOUNDS. - - R'man. Boyd, D. - - - 614 CASUALTIES. - WOUNDED--1/7/16. - - - "A" COMPANY. - - Sgt. Abbott, J. - " Patton, J. - L/Sgt. Gillespie, G. - " Beattie, V. - L/Cpl. Atkinson, M. - " Kerr, A. - " Lynch, E. W. - Upd. - L/Cpl. M'Neice, E. - L/Cpl. Corkin, W. - R'man. Allen, S. - " Beck, J. - " Bell, R. - " Buchanan, J. - " Barrons, A. - " Conway, W. C. - " Corkin, J. - " Connaughty, R. - " Dodds, S. - " Frazer, R. - " Fulton, J. - " Hawthorne, J. - " Hunter, R. - " Keery, S. - " Lavery, Jas. - " Lavery, John - " Lewis, G. - " Logan, W. J. - " Lyness, C. - " Maginess, W. - " Morgan, J. - " Murdock, J. - " Morrison, T. G. - " Mulligan, D. - " Mulholland, C. - " M'Cann, E. - " M'Cann, J. - " Matier, R. (2) - " M'Neice, J. (1) - " Orr, W. - " Patterson, T. - " Reid, J. E. - " Salley, R. - " Sewell, F. - " Smyth, W. - " Spratt, S. - " Steele, J. - " Semple, W. - " Savage, E. - " Ward, T. - " Watson, A. - " Weir, A. - " M'Gorkin, R. - " Hillis, J. - " Hanna, B. - " Coburn, J. - " Abbott, T. - " Agnew, J. - " Atkinson, T. - " Beattie, E. - " Cassidy, J. - " Chapman, Jas. - " Fox, W. J. - " Herron, J. - " Hanna, R. - " Murdock, T. - " Rainey, S. - " Williamson, R. - " Watson, C. - " Beattie, R. - " Freeland, S. - - - "B" COMPANY. - - R'man. Benson, A. - " Blakes, T. - " Bleaks, W. - " Briggs, R. - " Bryson, S. - Sgt. Burke, F. G. - L/Cpl. Crawford, W. J. - R'man. Curry, W. - " Crowe, J. - " Crozier, W. - " Dickson, C. - " Dodds, J. - " Duff, J. - " Foreman, J. - L/Cpl. Gill, D. - R'man. Green, T. - " Hawthorne, A. - " Hill, S. - L/Cpl. Hull, W. J. - R'man. Hyndman, R. J. - " Lewis, W. - " Moore, R. - " Mulholland, T. J. - Sgt. Munn, H. - R'man. Maybin, J. - " Moody, T. - " Marshall, G. - Sgt. M'Clenahan, W. J. - R'man. M'Cormick, J. - " M'Donald, J. - " M'Gurk, J. - " M'Henry, J. - " M'Knight, R. - " M'Williams, F. - " M'Williams, J. - " M'Gall, J. - " M'Cluskey, W. - " O'Neill, J. - " Patterson, T. - " Ramsey, J. - L/Cpl. Rennix, E. - R'man. Scott, H. - " Spears, D. - " Smith, A. - " Thompson, J. - " Trousdale, G. - " Verner, T. - Sgt. Waring, G. D. - R'man. Webb, H. - " Webb, Jos. - " Woods, J. - " Woods, A. C. - " Rea, S. - " Dowling, A. - " Matchett, J. H. - - - "C" COMPANY. - - Sgt. Steele, M. - " Kelly, A. - " Whiteside, A. - " Kernaghan, J. - L/Sgt. Swann, J. - Cpl. Flemming, H. - " M'Burney, J. - A/Cpl. M'Burney, T. - L/Cpl. Reid, B. - " Crookes, C. E. - " Wallace, J. - " O'Neill, J. - R'man. Andrews, R. J. - " Alderdice, R. - " Bates, R. - " Campbell, S. - " Cullen, W. - " Doole, I. - " Dawson, J. - " Ewart, H. - " Ewart, H. - " Esler, R. - " Foster, W. - " Greer, A. - " Gillespie, J. - " Hamilton, J. - " Hughes, J. - " Hamilton, T. - " Hanlon, A. T. - " Harvey, J. S. - " Hume, J. - " Kirkpatrick, S. - " Harbinson, A. - " M'Cammond, J. - " Linton, W. - " Millar, J. - " Moore, J. - " Magill, T. - " Milligan, J. - " Manning, R. J. - " M'Kee, J. - " M'Lean, W. - " M'Connell, J. - Upd. - L/Cpl. M'Grugan, H. - R'man. M'Clay, S. - " M'Calmont, W. J. - " Nicholl, S. - " Patterson, J. - " Sterling, D. - " Storey, D. - " Sergeant, T. - " Shannan, A. - " Stewart, J. - " Thompson, S. - " Thompson, J. - " Wallace, A. - " Woods, R. - " Young, W. - " Young, S. - " Scullion, J. - L/Cpl. Eakin, T. - R'man. Bailey, W. - " Millar, J. - " Mulree, J. - - - "D" COMPANY. - - Sgt. Higginson, W. - " Mercer, J. - Cpl. Matier, T. - " Adamson, R. M. - L/Cpl. O'Neill, E. - " Wallace, W. - " Shaw, J. - " Allen, W. - R'man. Ayre, S. - " Adair, G. - " Adair, B. - " Adams, K. G. - " Allen, D. - " Ashe, E. - " Boomer, R. - " Boggs, J. - " Calvert, W. - " Christie, J. - " Corkin, T. - " Cochrane, G. - " Cunningham, D. - " Duffy, R. J. - " Dalton, A. - " Doole, G. - " Dickson, S. - " Dawson, A. - " Fleming, W. - " Harbinson, R. - " Horner, J. - " Hill, S. - " Johnston, W. - " Johnston, H. - " Kennedy, G. - " Leathem, W. - " Stratton, W. J. - " Jenkins, T. - " Lowery, J. - " Kerr, J. - " Lyttle, J. - " Millar, B. - " M'Pherson, R. - " M'Kee, J. - " M'Kibben, R. M. - " M'Cloy, W. - " M'Kibben, L. - " M'Dowell, W. - " Martin, T. - " Mawhinney, S. - " M'Connell, W. - " M'Garth, J. - " M'Ilroy, H. - " M'Dowell, D. - " Neeson, J. - " Peel, A. - " Russell, J. - " Ringland, G. - " Rodgers, J. - " Steele, J. - " Stewart, W. - " Smyth, W. J. - " Smith, W. - " Shields, S. - " Todd, J. - " M'Clelland, S. - " Ingram, H. - - - 615 MISSING - - - "A" COMPANY. - - R'man. Chambers, J. - " Cowan, Jos. - " Doherty, A. - " Davidson, J. H. - " Emerson, D. - " Freeland, S. - " Kerr, D. - " Kain, W. - " Kidd, Jas. - " Lightbody, J. - " Logan, T. - " Lyttle, S. - " Russell, W. - " Singleton, T. - " Topping, S. - " Totten, W. - " Wright, W. - " Kidd, R. - - - "B" COMPANY. - - R'man. Beattie, G. - " Blakely, S. - " Bruce, W. J. - Cpl. Cairns, E. - Sgt. Cairns, T. G. - R'man. Crowe, J. - " Gordon, R. - " Green, J. - " Hawthorne, T. - " Herron, W. - " Henninger, W. - " Hanna, D. - " Irvine, W. - " Kidd, G. - " Kennedy, R. J. - " Kennedy, R. - " Logan, T. - " Lowry, H. - " Lyness, J. - " Marks, T. - " Murdock, H. - Upd. - L/Cpl. Murphy, T. - R'man. Morrow, J. - " Morrow, R. J. - " M'Ilhatton, R. - " M'Larnon, G. - " Patterson, W. - " Reid, D. - " Stevenson, J. - " Semple, S. - " Sample, S. J. - " Tollerton, R. - " Wills, S. - - - "C" COMPANY. - - Sgt. Stewart, W. - " Miller, W. - L/Cpl. Scott, J. - " Ellis, S. - R'man. Anderson, W. H. - " Bell, A. - " Clarke, A. - " Coulter, J. - " Drennan, R. - " Dyers, J. - " Derby, G. - " Graham, D. - " Greer, A. - " Houston, W. - " Linton, H. - " Lyttle, F. - " Marshall, A. - " Mairs, E. - " M'Dowell, J. - " M'Fall, J. - " Newell, T. - " Nelson, W. - " Orr, J. - " Smith, W. J. - " Wilkinson, W. - - - "D" COMPANY. - - Sgt. Lavery, G. - A/Cpl. Moore, W. - Cpl. Glendinning, D. - " Williamson, W. J. - Upd. - L/Cpl. Purdy, R. - " M'Aleece, J. - " Smyth, J. - " Robinson, W. - R'man. Bushe, S. - " Bell, A. - " Easton, S. - " Goudy, J. - " Heaney, T. - " Logan, W. - " Moore, H. - " M'Curdy, W. - " Moore, J. - " M'Allister, J. - " Patterson, R. - " Skillen, W. - " Thompson, J. - " Williamson, A. - " Wilson, T. - " Hamill, J. - " Graham, J. - R'man. Boyd, W. - " Boyd, D. - " Henderson, J. - Upd. - L/Cpl. Millar, S. - - - PRISONER OF WAR. - - R'man. Fisher, J. - " Walker, H. - " Frouten, A. - - ADJUTANT, - - 11th (S.) Bn. R.Ir.Rif. - - - - -Embarkation List of Officers - - -Embarkation List of Officers 11th Royal Irish Rifles who left Bordon -Camp for France, October, 1915. - - Lieut.-Col. H. A. Pakenham, Commanding Officer. - Major P. Blair Oliphant. - Major Devonish Deverell, Adjutant. - Lieut. R. Thompson, Transport Officer. - Capt. Graham, Medical Officer. - Lieut. F. Hull. - Lieut. Devoto, Quartermaster. - - -"A" COMPANY. - - Major A. P. Jenkins. - Capt. E. F. Smith. - Capt. C. Ewart. - Lieut. C. G. F. Waring. - Lieut. T. G. Thornely. - Lieut. S. Waring. - - -"B" COMPANY. - - Captain C. C. Craig. - Captain A. T. Charley. - Lieut. R. N. Neill. - Lieut. Wilson. - Lieut. Webb. - - -"C" COMPANY. - - Major Cavendish Clark. - Lieut. Vance. - Captain A. P. I. Samuels. - Lieut. Ellis. - Lieut. Young. - Lieut. Vint. - - -"D" COMPANY. - - Captain O. B. Webb. - Captain Masters. - Lieut. Canning. - Lieut. Waring. - Lieut. W. C. Boomer. - Lieut. Priestly. - - - - -Embarkation List of N.C. Officers & Men. - - - Sgt. Abbott, James - R'man. Abbott, Thomas - " Abbott, Wm. Robert - " Allen, Samuel - " Allen, Wm. John - " Andrews, James - " Andrews, James - " Andrews, Thomas - " Atkinson, Moses - " Atkinson, Thomas - " Adams, R. - " Adams, John - " Addis, David - " Addis, Henry - " Agnow, Edward - " Andrews, William - " Adams, Henry - " Adams, James Alex. - " Adams, Oliver - " Allen, John - " Anderson, Samuel A. - " Anderson, Wm. Hy. - L/Cpl. Andrews, Robt. John - R'man. Ardery, Francis - " Armstrong, William - " Adair, Ben - " Adair, George - " Adams, Kenneth K. - " Adams, Robert - " Adamson, Robt. M'K. - " Addis, James - Cpl. Addis, Wm. Hy. - R'man. Allen, William - " Anderson, John Jos. - " Ansell, John - " Archer, Bertie - " Ashe, Edward - " Ayre, Samuel - " Baxter, Isaac - " Beattie, Ernest - " Beattie, Robert - Cpl. Beattie, Victor - R'man. Beck, James - " Bell, Robert - " Bingham, William - L/Cpl. Black, James - R'man. Blakley, Edward Chas. - " Boyd, David - Sgt. Breathwaite, Samuel - R'man. Brown, George - " Brown, Isaac - " Brown, Samuel - " Buchanan, John - C.Q.M.S. Bullick, Edwin - L/Sgt. Bullick, Wm. Parker - R'man. Barr, David Geo. - " Barr, John Nathaniel - " Beattie, George - " Beck, Hg. Hy - " Bell, Hy. - " Bell, John - L/Cpl. Brown, Samuel - R'man. Benson, Albert - L/Cpl. Benson, John - R'man. Birney, Thomas - " Black, William - " Blakes, Thomas - " Blakely, Alexander - " Blakely, Samuel - " Blakely, Thomas - " Bleaks, William - " Bloomfield, Sl. - " Briggs, Robert - " Brown, Edmund - " Brown, George - Cpl. Brown, James - R'man. Brown, John - " Brown, Samuel - " Bruce, Albert E. G. - " Bruce, William - " Bruce, William - " Bryans, David - " Bryson, Samuel - L/Sgt. Burke, Fk. Geo. - R'man. Bankhead, Robt. - " Barbour, Robt. - " Barkley, Arthur - " Bates, Robert - " Beattie, Robert - " Beattie, Robt. Jas. - " Beattie, William - " Beck, James - " Bell, Andrew - " Boyd, David - " Brown, Fred Chas. - " Brown, John - " Brown, John - " Brown, Robert - Sgt. Buick, Jackson - R'man. Buick, James - " Burrowes, Hy. - " Barkely, James - " Beggs, James - " Bell, Andrew - " Bell, Alexander - " Bell, Joseph - C.S.M. Bell, John - R'man. Bell, William - " Brides, Michael - " Brown, James - Cpl. Bushe, James Hy. - R'man. Campbell, Wm. Saml. - C.M.S. Caton, Jack - R'man. Ceaser, Hugh - " Clarke, Arthur - " Cairns, Robert - " Calvert, William - " Campbell, James - " Campbell, John Hy. - " Caskery, Francis - " Cathcart, Thomas - " Chapman, Jos. - " Chapman, William - " Christie, Jos. - " Clarke, Hugh - " Clarke, William - " Clarke, Wm. Robt. - " Cooper, William - " Coulter, James - Sgt. Chambers, Jas. Orr - R'man. Chambers, Robert - " Chapman, David - " Chapman, James - L/Cpl. Chapman, Joseph - R'man. Chapman, William - " Clarke, Chas. - " Clarke, George - Sgt. Clarke, Joseph - R'man. Cleland, George - " Coburn, James - " Coburn, John - " Collington, Edward - " Connolly, John - " Connor, James - " Conway, William Chas. - " Cordiner, Samuel - " Cordner, George - " Cordiner, Thomas - Cpl. Corkin, Hy. - R'man. Corkin, John J. - Cpl. Corken, Robert J. - R'man. Corkin, William - " Corry, John - " Cowan, Albert Wm. - " Cowan, Joseph - " Cowan, Samuel - " Cowan, Thomas - " Creighton, Robert - " Crone, William - " Crowe, Francis - " Coulter, Thomas - " Craig, Alexander - " Craig, David - L/Cpl. Crooks, Chas. Edward - R'man. Crooks, Cecil - " Cullen, William - " Campbell, Edward - " Cassidy, Joseph - Cpl. Cathcart, David - R'man. Chambers, James - Cpl. Cairns, Edward - R'man. Cairns, Samuel - Sgt. Cairns, Thos. John - R'man. Campbell, John - C.Q.M.S. Campbell, William - R'man. Carson, Robert - " Carson, William - " Caughey, Joseph - " Chapman, Arthur - " Clarke, Alfred James - " Clarke, John - " Clay, John - " Colvin, Robert John - " Crawford, William Jas. - Sgt. Cree, John - L/Cpl. Crockard, James - Cpl. Croft, John - R'man. Crone, Richard - " Crothers, James - " Crothers, Robt. James - " Crowe, Fred - " Crowe, John - " Crowe, Thomas - " Crozier, William - Sgt. Crump, William - R'man. Curry, William - R'man. Christie, William John - Sgt. Clarke, William - Sgt. Clendinning, John - R'man. Cochrane, George - " Colvin, Samuel - " Corken, Thomas - " Cowan, Archie - " Craig, James - " Cunningham, Dl. - " Currie, Robert - " Dalton, David - " Davidson, James Hall - " Dodds, Samuel - " Doherty, Alexander - Sgt. Donnelly, James - R'man. Douglas, Saml. James - " Dowds, Joseph Hy. - " Dowling, Albert - " Drennan, David - L/Cpl. Dunlop, Quinton - R'man. Dunlop, William - " Davison, Clem. - " Dawson, John - " Dempster, George - " Dobbin, William H. - " Doole, Isaac - " Doole, William John - " Drennan, Robert - " Dalton, Arthur - " Dalton, Thomas - " Dennison, David - " Dick, Samuel - " Dickson, Samuel - " Dole, George - " Doyle, James Hy. - " Duffy, Robert John - " Dunleavy, James - " Dickson, Chas. - Sgt. Dickson, William G. - R'man. Dodds, John - " Doherty, Samuel - " Dowling, Abraham - " Duff, Joseph - " Dunbar, Francis - " Ederton, Henry - " Elkin, Hugh Kelly - " English, Alexander - " English, William Jas. - L/Cpl. Ewart, William Henry - " Eakin, Thomas - " Edgar, John - R'man. Elliott, Samuel - " Ellis, Samuel - " English, Thomas - " Erwin, Frank - " Esler, Robert - " Ewart, Henry - " Ewart, Henry - " Ellis, William - " English, Thomas - " English, Joseph - Cpl. Fleming, Henry - L/Cpl. Fleming, Robert - R'man. Fleming, Thomas - " Foster, William - " Francey, Robt. James - " French, George - " French, John - " Finlay, Hy. - L/Cpl. Fleming, John - " Fleming, Samuel - R'man. Foster, Allen - " Foster, John B. - " Francey, William Jn. - " Fullerton, Francis - " Fleming, James - " Fenton, John - " Ferrin, Joseph - " Flannagan, William - " Fleming, William - " Fox, William John - " Foye, Silias - " Fraser, Robert - " Freeland, Samuel - L/Cpl. Fulton, John - R'man. Ferguson, Andrew - L/Cpl. Fisher, David - R'man. Fisher, Joseph - " Foreman, Joseph - " Forsythe, Fred - " Forsythe, James - " Frayer, George - " Frazer, Robert - " Gorman, James - " Gausson, Chas. F. - " Geddis, David - " Gill, David - " Gill, William - " Gillian, William - " Gillian, William - " Gordon, Robert - " Graham, Thomas - Sgt. Graham, William Jn. - R'man. Green, Thomas - " Greene, Joseph - L/Sgt. Gillespie, George - R'man. Gill, Robert - " Gorman, John - Sgt. Goulding, Fred E. - R'man. Gaston, Alex. - " Gilmore, Thomas - " Gowdy, Alex. - " Graham, James - " Graham, William - " Graham, William Jn. - " Grattan, Hugh - " Gray, Robt. Jn. - " Gregory, Joseph - " Griffin, Martin - " Galbraith, William - " Galway, Alex. - L/Cpl. Gleghorn, David - R'man. Goudy, Jos. - L/Cpl. Gourlay, David - C.Q.M.S. Gourlay, David H. J. - R'man. Graham, David - " Graham, William - " Greene, David - " Greene, William John - " Greer, Archibald - L/Cpl. Glendinning, Dd. - R'man. Gordon, James - " Gorman, Daniel - L/Cpl. Gorman, Phillip - R'man. Goudy, James - " Goudy, Jos. Hy. - " Graham, John - " Graham, Robert - " Gray, Samuel - Cpl. Gray, William - Sgt. Gregg, Samuel - R'man. Hanna, Boyd - " Hanna, Fk. James - " Hanna, Robert - " Harvey, John - " Haslett, George - " Hawthorn, James - " Hayes, William James - " Heasley, William - " Herron, John - " Higginson, William Jas. - " Hill, Thomas Robert - " Hillis, John - " Hodgin, John - " Holmes, George - " Hull, George Hy. - " Hunter, Robert - " Hamill, John - Sgt. Harbinson, James - R'man. Harbinson, Rd. - " Harbinson, William - R.S.M. Hall, Isaac - R'man. Heaney, Thomas - " Heaney, William E. - " Hyndman, James - " Hyndman, Robt. Jn. - " Hailhwaite, C. J. G. M. - " Hamill, John Edward - Cpl. Hamill, Samuel - R'man. Hamilton, Francis - " Hamilton, James - " Hamilton, Thomas J. - " Hanlon, Alex. T. - " Hanna, Robert - " Hanna, James - L/Cpl. Hannon, James - R'man. Hannon, Samuel - " Harvey, Jos. S. - " Henderson, John - Cpl. Herdman, James - R'man. Hewitt, William John - " Hogg, James - " Houston, John - " Houston, Robert - " Houston, Robert - " Hughes, James - L/Cpl. Hume, James - R'man. Ingram, Henry - " Irvine, David - " Irvine, John - " Irvine, James - " Irvine, John - " Irvine, Robert - " Irvine, William - " Johnston, George - " Jenkins, Thomas - " Johnston, David - L/Cpl. Johnston, George - Sgt. Jamison, John - R'man. Jefferson, Walter - " Johnston, John - " Johnston, William - " Jackson, Samuel - " Johnston, John - " Johnston, Robert - " Johnston, William - " Linton, William - " Linton, John - " Lyle, Samuel - " Lyttle, Francis - " Lyttle, Thomas - " Lamont, William - " Lamour, Alex. - Cpl. Lavery, Alex. - R'man. Lavery, James - " Lavery, John - Sgt. Lavery, William - R'man. Lavery, William John - L/Cpl. Leathem, John - R'man. Leathem, William - " Leckey, William - " Lennox, Fk. John - " Lewis, George - " Logan, Thomas - " Lynass, Matt - " Lynch, Edward Watson - " Lyness, Chas. - " Lyness, Thomas - " Lyttle, Samuel - " Lightbody, James - " Lavery, Joseph - " Lennon, James - " Lewis, Edward - " Lockhart, Robert - " Logan, Thomas - " Long, Richardson - " Lowery, Henry - Sgt. Lavery, George - L/Cpl. Leach, Arnold - R'man. Leathem, William - " Lennon, Osmond - " Lewis, James - Cpl. Lindop, Charles - R'man. Lindsay, Hugh - " Lindsay, Hugh - " Lindsay, William - " Logan, John - " Logan William - " Lowery, John - " Luke, Archibald - L/Cpl. Lyle, John - R'man. Lyness, Charles - " Lyttle, John - L/Cpl. Lunn, James - R'man. Lyness, James - " Lyons, Thomas - " Magill, Thomas - " Mairs, William J. - " Manning, Reg. Jos. - " Marcus, Alexander - " Mawhinney, Robt. J. - " Miller, Hugh - " Miller, James - " Miller, John - " Miller, John - " Marshall, A. - " Magill, William - " Maginnis, John - " Maginnis, Robert - " Maginnis, William - " Marshall, Andrew - " Marks, Alexander - " Marks, Thomas - " Marwood, James - " Matchett, James Hy. - " May, Nathaniel - " Mcgarry, Jos. Edward - " Megrath, William - " Minford, Alfred - R.Q.M.S. Moore, Richard - R'man. Moore, Robert - " Moore, William Geo. - " Morrow, John - " Mount, James - " Mulholland, Albert - " Mulholland, Thos. Jn. - L/Sgt. Munn, Henry - R'man. Murdock, Henry - " Murdock, Samuel - " Murphy, Thomas - " Morrow, James - Cpl. Marsden, James - R'man. Martin, David - " Martin, Samuel - " Mather, Joseph - " Matier, John - L/Cpl. Matier, Thomas - Cpl. Mearns, Jas. Wilson - R'man. Megarry, James - L/Cpl. Mercer, James - R'man. Miller, James - " Mooney, Robert - " Moore, Henry - " Moore, James - " Moore, William - " Morrison, William - " Morrow, James - " Mynes, Charles - " Miller, Samuel - L/Sgt. Miller, William - R'man. Miller, William - " Milligan, David - " Milligan, James H. - " Milliken, Thomas C. C. - " Moffat, Samuel - " Montgomery, Jos. - " Moore, Herbert J. - " Moore, John - " Moore, Walter - L/Sgt. Mulholland, Hugh - R'man. Mulree, Joseph - " M'Aloney, William - " M'Bride, Thomas - L/Cpl. M'Burney, John C. - " M'Burney, Thomas - Cpl. M'Callen, James - R'man. M'Calmont, Wm. J. - " Martin, Hy. - " Martin, Thomas - " Matier, Robert - " Maxwell, James - " Megran, Thomas - " Mills, Samuel - Sgt. Mitchell, Aty. W. - R'man. Moag, David - L/Cpl. Moles, Hy. Smyth - R'man. Mooney, Alex. - " Moore, Alex. - Sgt. Moore, John - R'man. Moore, Norman Wilfred - " Moore, William Alex. - " Morgan, John - " Morrison, Geo. Thomas - " Morrow, Robert - " Morrow, Wm. Hy. - " Mulholland, Chas. Wm. - " Mulholland, James - " Mulligan, Jn. - " Murdock, John - " Murdock, Thomas - " M'Allister, Pierce - " M'Allister, William - " M'Avoy, Lewis Patton - " M'Cann, Edward - " M'Carthy, Jn. - " M'Caw, James - " M'Cleery, Samuel - " M'Cleeland, William - " M'Cloy, Hy. - " M'Cartney, John - " M'Clintock, Thomas - " M'Clure, William - " M'Connell, John - " M'Coy, William - " M'Donald, James - " M'Dowell, Johnston - " M'adden, John - " M'Fadden, William - " M'Crubb, Daniel - " M'Crugan, Hugh - " M'Ilwaine, Thomas - " M'Ivor, Samuel - " M'Kee, James - " M'Andrews, H. - " M'Bride, Alexander - " M'Cabe, Robert - " M'Cauley, Robert - " M'Clelland, John - " M'Clements, William - " M'Clenahan, John - " M'Clenaghan, Rd. - Sgt. M'Clenaghan, Wm. Jas. - R'man. M'Clurg, Adam - " M'Kee, John - " M'Kee, Robert - " M'Kee, William - " M'Kelvey, Matt - " M'Lean, William - " M'Lean, William - " M'Mullen, Samuel - Cpl. M'Murray, James - R'man. M'Veigh, William - " M'Aleece, James - " M'Allister, Charles - " M'Allister, Jos. - " M'Auley, Chas. - " M'Cartney, John - " M'Clean, John - " M'Clelland, Samuel - " M'Cloy, William - L/Cpl. M'Comb, Edward - R'man. M'Corkey, Matt. Geo. - Cpl. M'Cord, Archie - R'man. M'Court, John M. - " M'Dowell, William - " M'Dowell, William - " M'Gimpsey, Jas. - " M'Grath, Joseph - " M'Ilroy, Henry - " M'Intosh, Patrick - L/Cpl. M'Kee, John - R'man. M'Kee, John - " M'Kee, William - L/Sgt. M'Keown, William - R'man. M'Kibbin, Langtry - " M'Kibben, Rt. Millar - " M'Kinney, David - " M'Knight, Alex - " M'Knight, William John - " M'Mullen, James - " M'Pherson, Robert - L/Sgt. M'Quillan, William - L/Cpl. M'Clurg, William - R'man. M'Comb, Francis - " M'Comb, James - " M'Comb, John - " M'Cormick, Joseph - " M'Cracken, William - Cpl. M'Cready, Robert - R'man. M'Cullough, Andy - " M'Cune, James - " M'Curry, Thomas - " M'Curley, Felix - " M'Curley, James - " M'Donald, Joseph - " M'Donald, Samuel - " M'Donald, William - " M'Dowell, Thomas - " M'Gurk, John - " M'Henry, John - " M'Ilroy, Edward - " M'Ilroy, Roger - L/Cpl. M'Kechnie, Robert - R'man. M'Keown, Wm. Robt. - " M'Kibbin, Eli - " M'Knight, Robert - " M'Larnan, George - " M'Murray, William - " M'Nair, William - " M'Veigh, William - " M'Williams, Fredk. - " M'Williams, John - " Neill, Thomas - " M'Cloy, James - " M'Clure, Thomas Jas. - " M'Comb, William - " M'Comiskey, Hbt. - " M'Donald, Wm. Ed. - " M'Geown, Samuel - " M'Ilroy, James - " M'Kaveney, John - " M'Keaveney, James - " M'Keaveney, David - " M'Keown, William - Cpl. M'Mullen, William - L/Cpl. M'Mullen, Samuel - R'man. M'Nair, John - " M'Neice, Edward - " M'Neice, James - " M'Neill, Robert - " M'Watters, Alex. - " M'Watters, Alex. - " Nash, Thomas - " Neagle, William Jas. - " Nicholson, John - " Nolan, Rd. John - " Neeson, John - " Neill, John - " Nelson, Robert - " Nicholl, Samuel - " Nicholl, Wm. Hy. - " Nixon, Robt. Wm. - " Norwood, Joseph - " Nowell, Thomas - " Nicholl, Samuel - Cpl. Orr, George - R'man. Orr, Robert Jas. - Cpl. Partridge, John - R'man. Patterson, John - " Patterson, Thomas - " Patterson, William - " Peel, Michael Jos. - Cpl. Phillips, John - R'man. Poots, William - " Purdy, Samuel - " O'Neill, James - " O'Neill, Hugh - " Orr, John - " O'Neill, Edward - " Orr, William John - " Osborne, William - " Patterson, Robert - " Patterson, Thomas - " Patton, Daniel - " Peel, Albert - " Pollock, James - " Pollock, James - " Pollock, Samuel - " Pershaw, John - " Pritchard, Thomas - " Purdy, Robert - " Patterson, James - " Patterson, Charles - " Patterson, Samuel - " Patterson, Thomas - Sgt. Patton, James - R'man. Potts, Stewart - " Parker, Hugh - " Patterson, James - " Pollock, Alexander - " Pollock, Victor - " Pershaw, John - " Quinn, Thomas - " Quigley, David - " Quigley, Samuel - " Quigley, Matthew - " Quinn, Robert - " Quinn, William - " Rainey, John - " Rainey, Robert - " Rankin, Thomas Hy. - " Reford, James A. M. - L/Cpl. Reid, Bristow - R'man. Reid, James - Sgt. Renshaw, James Hy. - R'man. Roy, Matthew - " Raddick, Jonathan - " Rainey, Henry - " Rainey, Samuel - " Rainey, William John - " Reford, Fras. Johnston - " Regan, Hugh - " Reid, Joseph Edward - " Reid, William - " Robinson, Henry - " Rowan, William - " Roy, Thomas - " Roy, William James - " Russell, William - " Rea, David - " Ringland, George - " Roberts, Francis - " Roberts, William - " Robinson, Edward - " Rodgers, James - " Robinson, William - " Rowley, James - " Russell, James - " Shaw, John - " Sherritt, Joseph - " Sinclair, William - " Skillen, William - " Sloan, William - " Smith, Robert - L/Cpl. Smylie, Samuel - R'man. Smyth, James - " Smyth, Thomas - " Smyth, William - " Smyth, William John - " Steadman, John - Cpl. Steele, Henry - R'man. Stephenson, Joseph - " Stewart, Brice - " Stewart, Francis - " Stewart, William - " Stewart, William - Sgt. Surgenor, James - R'man. Surgenor, John - " Scott, James - " Scroggie, John - " Sergeant, Thomas - " Salley, Robert - " Sewell, Francis - " Shaw, John - " Shields, Joseph - " Simpson, Joseph - " Singleton, Thomas - " Skelly, James - " Smith, William - " Ramsey, John - " Reid, David - " Reid, John - L/Cpl. Rennix, Edward G. - R'man. Roberts, Samuel - " Rodgers, Charles - " Rush, Edward - " Scott, Henry - " Scott, Robert - " Smyth, Thomas - " Smyth, William Ed. - " Stevenson, James - " Stewart, James - L/Cpl. Stewart, Patk. Mich. - R'man. Stift, Arthur, Geo. - " Taggart, Norman - " Tannahill, Harry - " Thompson, Hy. Jas. - L/Cpl. Thompson, Joseph - R'man. Smyth, Hugh - " Smyth, Joseph - " Smyth, Thomas Hy. - " Smyth, William - " Spratt, Samuel - " Steadman, George - " Stevenson, John - " Stewart, Hugh - " Swann, Samuel - " Swindle, William - " Shannon, Alexander - " Skelton, Arthur - " Sloan, John - " Smith, Robert - " Speedie, Thomas - Sgt. Sprott, Robert - " Steele, Martin - " Stewart, William - R'man. Sterling, David - " Storey, David - " Storey, Joseph - " Straitt, Samuel - Cpl. Swann, James - R'man. Tate, William Hy. - " Thompson, Jonathan - " Thompson, Robert K. - " Thompson, Samuel - " Thursby, James - " Taggart, Andrew - " Tate, John - " Thompson, John - " Toman, Henry - " Totten, Joseph - " Turner, Samuel - " Thompson, Samuel - " Tolerton, Robert - " Tollerton, Thomas - " Verner, Thomas - " Walker, George F. - " Wallace, George - " Wallace, William - " Walsh, David - " Walsh, William Hy. - Sgt. Waring, Geo. Dickson - R'man. Waring, James Banks - " Waring, James - " Waring, William - R.S.M. Watson, John - R'man. Watson, William - " Webb, Herbert - " Webb, Joseph - " Weir, Thomas - " Welch, Alexander - " Wilkinson, Hugh - L/Cpl. Williamson, Hy. - Sgt. Williamson, Joe - R'man. Wills, James - " Wills, Samuel - " Wilson, Robert - " Woods, Clements, Alex. - " Woods, James - C.S.M. Woods, William Fdk. - R'man. Wright, Alexander - " Wright, Edward - L/Cpl. Tate, David - Cpl. Tate, James - R'man. Taggart, Thomas - " Thornton, John - " Todd, Francis - " Todd, John - " Topping, Hy. - " Topping, Samuel - " Totten, William - " Vogan, William - " Walker, Isaac - " Walker, John - " Walker, Robert - " Wallace, William John - " Ward, Samuel - " Ward, Thomas - " Waring, Alfred - Sgt. Waring, Samuel - R'man. Waring, William - " Watson, Alexander - " Whiteside, Samuel - " Wilson, Samuel - " Windsor, Charles - " Woods, James - L/Cpl. Wright, William - R'man. Woods, Samuel - " Woods, William - " Wright, Adam S. - " Walker, John - " Wallace, Joseph - L/Cpl. Wallace, James - R'man. Wallace, Joseph - " Watt, Robert - " White, Robert - Sgt. Whiteside, Albert - R'man. Wilkinson, William - " Williamson, Fredk. - " Wilson, Francis - " Wilson, James - " Wilson, Joseph - " Woods, Robert - L/Cpl. Walker, Henry Alb. - R'man. Wallace, John - " Wallace, William - " Waring, John - C.Q.M.S. Waring, Thomas - R'man. Watson, Joseph - " Watt, Samuel - " Weir, William - " Williamson, Andy - " Williamson, Jos. - " Williamson, Samuel - " Williamson, Wm. John - " Wilson, David - " Wilson, James - " Wood, Walter - " Wylie, William - " Yendall, William - " Young, Thomas - " Young, John - " Young, John - " Young, William - - -[Illustration] - -[Illustration] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] See Note, Appendix I. - -[2] General Nugent's reference is of course to the First of July, a -date sacred to Orangemen. - - - - - Transcriber's notes: - - The following is a list of changes made to the original. - The first line is the original line, the second the corrected one. - - About 8 a.m. a corporal of the King's Own" who had been doing - About 8 a.m. a corporal of the King's Own who had been doing - - Woodgate called to me "You take the two centre platoons - Woodgate called to me: "You take the two centre platoons - - formed the fish pond of the ancient monastry of Buigny l'Abbe; - formed the fish pond of the ancient monastery of Buigny l'Abbe; - - the roof of a subterranean passage leading from the monastry, - the roof of a subterranean passage leading from the monastery, - - There were excellent, hot and cold shower baths for the men, - There were excellent hot and cold shower baths for the men, - - "Two Lundy's had been prepared, one large and the other small. - Two Lundy's had been prepared, one large and the other small. - - Fruits, plumb pudding, Xmas deserts. - Fruits, plumb pudding, Xmas desserts. - - This time we gave the Boche 500 to every 50 of theirs, - This time we gave the Bosche 500 to every 50 of theirs, - - On February 29 our first death occured, poor young Watt - On February 29 our first death occurred, poor young Watt - - he shelled half a dozen villages to the rere, - he shelled half a dozen villages to the rear, - - For over a year she had hung at an angle of 15 degees - For over a year she had hung at an angle of 15 degrees - - a head emerging from the earth which had fallen in all round - a head emerging from the earth which had fallen in all round; - - enemy artillery began, apparantly on our lines in front of Thiepval, - enemy artillery began, apparently on our lines in front of Thiepval, - - the stiff upper lip and clenched teeth that meant death or victory. - the stiff upper lip and clenched teeth that meant death or victory." - - the great Roman road, now called the Chausee Brunehaut, - the great Roman road, now called the Chaussee Brunehaut, - - the founder of the celebrated Abbey of Centul (now St. Riquier), - the founder of the celebrated Abbey of Centule (now St. Riquier), - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of With the Ulster Division in France, by -Arthur Purefoy Irwin Samuels and Dorothy Gage Samuels - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK WITH THE ULSTER DIVISION IN FRANCE *** - -***** This file should be named 43969.txt or 43969.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/9/6/43969/ - -Produced by Demian Katz, Paul Clark and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (Images -courtesy of the Digital Library@Villanova University -(http://digital.library.villanova.edu/)) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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