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diff --git a/43630-h/43630-h.htm b/43630-h/43630-h.htm index 5b7cd13..dbcaaa5 100644 --- a/43630-h/43630-h.htm +++ b/43630-h/43630-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Pagan Origin of Partialist Doctrines, by John Claudius Pitrat</title> <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" /> <style type="text/css"> @@ -164,28 +164,10 @@ th {padding-top: 1em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; font-weight: normal;} </style> </head> <body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 43630 ***</div> <h1 class="pg">The Project Gutenberg eBook, Pagan Origin of Partialist Doctrines, by John Claudius Pitrat</h1> <p> </p> -<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at <a -href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> -<p>Title: Pagan Origin of Partialist Doctrines</p> -<p>Author: John Claudius Pitrat</p> -<p>Release Date: September 3, 2013 [eBook #43630]</p> -<p>Language: English</p> -<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> -<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PAGAN ORIGIN OF PARTIALIST DOCTRINES***</p> -<p> </p> -<h4 class="pg">E-text prepared by Carlos Colon,<br /> -Princeton Theological Seminary Library,<br /> - and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> - (<a href="http://www.pgdp.net">http://www.pgdp.net</a>)<br /> - from page images generously made available by<br /> - Internet Archive<br /> - (<a href="http://archive.org">http://archive.org</a>)</h4> <p> </p> <table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff;margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10"> <tr> @@ -873,7 +855,7 @@ Nile, of which one was poured every day, by the Egyptian priests, in a sacred cask, in the city of Achante; by the three hundred and sixty Eons, or geniuses of the Gnostics; by the three hundred -and sixty idols placed in the palace of the Daïri in +and sixty idols placed in the palace of the Daïri in Japan; by the three hundred and sixty saints, or geniuses, who, the Papists believe, preside to each day of the year, (as seen in their almanacs,) dogma @@ -999,7 +981,7 @@ by limits placed at the extremities of the circus. The races took place from the east to the west seven times, because of the seven planets. The sun, the moon, Jupiter and Venus, had each one<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span> -a chariot. The Aurigæ or drivers, wore garments +a chariot. The Aurigæ or drivers, wore garments representing the colors of the elements. The chariot of the sun was drawn by four steeds, and that of the moon by two. The Zodiac was represented @@ -1155,7 +1137,7 @@ given birth to the former. Cybele and Atys had their initiations, and the Cabires also.</p> <p>The Chinese had and still have mysteries on -Foë, and Pousa; the Japanese upon Xaca and +Foë, and Pousa; the Japanese upon Xaca and Amida; the Siamois on Sommonacodom; the Indians on Brama and Rudra; the Parsis upon Ormuzd and Ahriman. The Selles studied the @@ -1229,7 +1211,7 @@ any need for them to be initiated in order to be virtuous. Socrates constantly declined joining the mysteries; and, one day, Diogenes being solicited, in my presence, to ask for initiation, answered: -'Patæcion, a famous thief, was initiated;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> +'Patæcion, a famous thief, was initiated;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> Epaminondas and Agesilas never asked for it. Can I believe that the former will go to the Elysian fields and the latter to the Tartarus.'</p> @@ -2226,7 +2208,7 @@ spirits whose occupation is to injure mankind.</p> <p>The Tartars of Katzchinzi adore a benevolent god, in kneeling towards the Orient; but they fear -another god, Toüs, to whom they pray to disarm +another god, Toüs, to whom they pray to disarm his wrath; and to whom, in the spring, they sacrifice a stallion. The Ostiaks and the Vogouls name that evil god Koul; the Samoyedes name him @@ -2252,7 +2234,7 @@ or intelligences also good and bad.</p><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63 <p>In America the dogma of two Principles, and of good and bad spirits, is also found. The Peruvians revered Pacha-Camac as being a good god, -and Cupaï as being a bad god. The Caraïbs admitted +and Cupaï as being a bad god. The Caraïbs admitted two sorts of spirits; the one benevolent, who dwell in the heaven; and the other evil, who hover over us to lead us to temptation. The former, @@ -2271,7 +2253,7 @@ they call him Aguyan; and they have conjurors who can, they say, divert his wrath. The Indians of Florida and of Louisiana adored the sun, the moon, and the stars. They also believed in an -evil spirit named Toïa. The Canadians, and the +evil spirit named Toïa. The Canadians, and the savage tribes of the Bay of Hudson, revered the sun, the moon, the stars, and the thunder; but they more particularly prayed to the evil spirits. @@ -2350,9 +2332,9 @@ God; this dogma was generally believed even by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Pag the Jews, at least since the captivity of Babylon. We say <i>generally</i>, because the Sadduceans did not believe it; and perhaps, also, the Samaritans and -the Caraïtes, for we have but two testimonies that +the Caraïtes, for we have but two testimonies that prove they partook of the opinion of the Samaritans -on this point, namely, the testimony of Abusaïd, +on this point, namely, the testimony of Abusaïd, author of an Arabic version of the Pentateuch, and that of Aaron, in his commentaries of the same. The Papal Church holds still that the @@ -2431,7 +2413,7 @@ without having been purified is plunged into the mire of the Tartarus; whereas, he who has been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span> purified dwells with the gods. Clement of Alexandria, in his Stromata, book third, writes, that, -according to the testimony of Philolaüs, the +according to the testimony of Philolaüs, the Pythagorician, all the ancient theologians and poets said that the soul was buried in the body, as in a grave, as a punishment for some sin. It was @@ -2505,7 +2487,7 @@ that the first man was created in a state of innocence; and that he was happy because he controlled his passions and desires.</p> -<p>Maurice in his Indiæ Antiquitates, vol. 6, page +<p>Maurice in his Indiæ Antiquitates, vol. 6, page 53, proves that the Indians had a knowledge of the fall of the first man and of the first woman; he proves also that the dogma of original sin was @@ -2676,7 +2658,7 @@ of more than twenty-three Christian sects of the first centuries, which did not admit the dogma of original sin; and did not believe that baptism had the virtue of remitting sin. We quote a few -of those sects: the Simonians, the Nicolaïtes, the +of those sects: the Simonians, the Nicolaïtes, the Valentinians, the Basilidians, the Carpocratians, the Ophites, the Sethians, the Pelagians, all the Gnostic sects, etc.</p> @@ -2868,7 +2850,7 @@ takes the name of Routren, when he destroys the cities, chastises the wicked, and makes men feel his just anger."</p> -<p>English missionaries have found at Otaïti some +<p>English missionaries have found at Otaïti some traces of the Trinity among the religious dogmas of the natives.</p> @@ -2963,7 +2945,7 @@ point.</p> <p>During the first three centuries of the Christian era the dogma of Trinity was not generally believed. -The Simonians, the Nicholaïtes, the Valentinians, +The Simonians, the Nicholaïtes, the Valentinians, the Basilidians, the Carpocratians, the Ophites, the Sethians, all the Gnostics, and many other Christian sects rejected it. It was only in @@ -3188,11 +3170,11 @@ eternal happiness."</p> <p>Therefore the Valentinians did not believe the doctrine of the supreme divinity of Jesus Christ.</p> -<p>The Ptolemaïtes did not believe the doctrine of +<p>The Ptolemaïtes did not believe the doctrine of Jesus Christ, and held that he was but the Son of God.</p> -<p>St. Epiphane in his work Hære. 36, and Bergier, +<p>St. Epiphane in his work Hære. 36, and Bergier, inform us that the Heracleonites, whose chief was Heracleon, and who were widely spread, particularly in Sicily, believed that the Word divine @@ -3430,7 +3412,7 @@ Jesus Christ was established only at about the year 180.</p> <p>Bergier himself makes the following confession: -"An ancient author, who is believed to be Caïus, +"An ancient author, who is believed to be Caïus, bishop of Rome, who had written against Artemon, and of whom Eusebe has related the words, Ecclesiastical History, book 5, chap. 22, seems to @@ -3582,7 +3564,7 @@ that the following Christian sects, or denominations, did not believe the doctrine of the divinity of Jesus Christ: the Corinthians, the Carpocratians, the Ebionites, the Basilidians, the Marcionites, -the Valentinians, the Ptolemaïtes, the +the Valentinians, the Ptolemaïtes, the Heracleonites, the Colarbasians, the Barules, the Bardesanists, the Marcosians, the Theodotians, the Artemonians, the Docetes, the Tatianists, the Apellites, @@ -3924,7 +3906,7 @@ matters, the one thereof remains here below, and the other reunites to the sacred fire of the stars, as soon as the matter of which our soul is composed has reacquired all the purity of the subtle -matter, from which it had emanated, <i>auræ simplicis +matter, from which it had emanated, <i>auræ simplicis ignem</i>. Nothing, Servius says, is lost in the great whole, and in the pure fire which constitutes the substance of the soul. Virgil says of the @@ -4039,7 +4021,7 @@ in regard to Metempsychosis, we take from the tenth and last book of the Republic of Plato the following lengthy but instructive extract:—</p> -<p>"It is not the narration of Alcinoüs (namely, a +<p>"It is not the narration of Alcinoüs (namely, a false story, such as the one of Ulysse to the Pheacians,) that I will tell you; but that of a noble man, of Her, the Armenian, a native of Pamphily. @@ -4543,7 +4525,7 @@ the inhabitants of these two regions. The same poetical imagination which had invented that new world, arbitrarily traced out its plan and distribution.</p> -<p>Socrates, in the Phædo of Plato, a work intended +<p>Socrates, in the Phædo of Plato, a work intended to prove the immortality of our soul, and the necessity of practicing virtue, speaks of the place where the souls go after death. He imagines @@ -4714,7 +4696,7 @@ martyrdom at Rome, in the year 107, was the first apostolic Father of the second century. There are in the collection of the works of the holy Fathers, six letters ascribed to him by some -authors; some others, Saumaise, Blondel, Daillé, +authors; some others, Saumaise, Blondel, Daillé, etc., say that they are apocryphal. Mosheim, in his Histor. Christ., says, that it is doubtful whether they are of Ignatius or not. We have read those @@ -4871,7 +4853,7 @@ of endless hell, either taught to the Christians or believed by them.</p> <p>According to Le Clerc, Beausobre, d'Argens, -Barbeyrac, Scultet, Daillé, Mosheim, Brucker, +Barbeyrac, Scultet, Daillé, Mosheim, Brucker, Semler, etc., this Father did not believe the spirituality of God and of man's soul.... It is a fact that, in his Stromatas, he says that God is composed @@ -4917,7 +4899,7 @@ and the words <i>ignem eternum</i>, used in speaking of pains, which will be inflicted upon the wicked after the general judgment; but nothing positive in regard to the duration of the punishment, for -he might have used the adjective <i>æternum</i> hyperbolically; +he might have used the adjective <i>æternum</i> hyperbolically; nor anything in regard to the belief of the first Christians in regard to it, nor even of his contemporaneous Christians. If the dogma of endless @@ -4986,7 +4968,7 @@ have disparagingly written of them. Origen was condemned in the fifth general council, held at Constantinople, in 553. The pope Vigil condemned him anew. St. Epiphane, Anastase the -Sinaïte, St. John Climaque, Leonce of Byzantium, +Sinaïte, St. John Climaque, Leonce of Byzantium, Sophronius, patriarch of Jerusalem, and Antipater, bishop of Bostres, violently denounced his writings; the pope Pelage II. said that heretical works @@ -5543,7 +5525,7 @@ provinces of Provence, of Languedoc, and, more especially, in the diocese of Albi, where they took the name of Albigenses.</p><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[162]</a></span></p> -<p>Alanus, monk of Cîteaux, and Peter, monk of +<p>Alanus, monk of Cîteaux, and Peter, monk of Vaux-Cernay, who wrote against them, accused them, 1st, of admitting two principles or creators, the one good and the other bad; the first, creator @@ -5626,7 +5608,7 @@ racks, and swords against them; they slew thousands of them, nevertheless they increased so that they were numerous yet in the sixth century in Spain and in Italy. Tillemont, in his Ecclesiastical -Memoir, tome 8, refers to Sulpice-Sevère, to +Memoir, tome 8, refers to Sulpice-Sevère, to Ambrosius, and to St. Augustine, for the confirmation of the above, said concerning the doctrines of the Priscillianists.</p> @@ -6549,7 +6531,7 @@ again to life with them. This belief and practice are immemorial in India. Interesting particulars in regard to the doctrine of the resurrection believed by ancient nations, can be read in the French -work, Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions, +work, Mémoires de l'Académie des Inscriptions, tome 69, pages 270, and following; in the work of Hyde, on the Religion of the Persians; and also in the writings of Plutarch, article Isis and Osiris.</p> @@ -6638,7 +6620,7 @@ Nysse denied that there was anything corporeal in the person of Jesus Christ, since the time he ascended to the heavens. Origen admitted the resurrection of the bodies, but not that of the flesh. -Synesius, bishop of Ptolemaïda, in his Series of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span> +Synesius, bishop of Ptolemaïda, in his Series of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span> Epistles, declares that the doctrine of the resurrection of the body is a mystery, whose solution ought to be kept secret, and considered as sacred: that it @@ -7090,7 +7072,7 @@ the third class, of those who had been neither virtuous nor great criminals.</p> <p>This triple division, which we naturally find in -society, was taught by Plato in his Phædo, a work +society, was taught by Plato in his Phædo, a work in which, writing about the judgment of the dead, he divides them as said before. This same<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[208]</a></span> division we also find in Plutarch, treating the @@ -8045,10 +8027,10 @@ when, in his ninth satire, he said:</p> <div class="poetry-container"> <div class="poetry"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="line">"Si l'on vient à chercher pour quel secret mystère,</div> -<div class="line ip5">Alidor, à ses frais, bâtit un monastère....</div> -<div class="line ip5">C'est un homme d'honneur, de piété profonde,</div> -<div class="line ip5">Et qui veut rendre à Dieu ce qu'il a pris au monde."</div> +<div class="line">"Si l'on vient à chercher pour quel secret mystère,</div> +<div class="line ip5">Alidor, à ses frais, bâtit un monastère....</div> +<div class="line ip5">C'est un homme d'honneur, de piété profonde,</div> +<div class="line ip5">Et qui veut rendre à Dieu ce qu'il a pris au monde."</div> </div></div></div> <p><i>Translation</i>: "If we wish to inquire for what @@ -8069,16 +8051,16 @@ upon the cross, the Catholics obtain the forgiveness of their venial sins, and the exemption from their punishment. The ancient initiations of the Pagans had tribunals of penance, where a priest, -under the name of Koës, heard from the mouth +under the name of Koës, heard from the mouth of the sinners themselves the avowal of their sins, of which their souls were to be purified, and from the punishment of which they wished to be exempted. One day the famous Lysandre, con<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_238" id="Page_238">[238]</a></span>fessing -his sins to one of those Koës, was asked +his sins to one of those Koës, was asked by him impudent questions. Lysandre answered him with this question, "Do you address me those questions in your own name, or in the name of the -Deity?" The Koës answered: "In the name of +Deity?" The Koës answered: "In the name of the Deity." "Well," Lysandre rejoined, "let me be; if God questions me, I will answer him." Likewise the Church of Rome has tribunals of @@ -8198,10 +8180,10 @@ when she obtains their protection. Christ, reason, and nature, would never have absolved Nero from his crimes, and from the punishment they deserved; and yet the Church of Rome would have done it. -Sophocles, in his Ædipe, says, that all the waters +Sophocles, in his Ædipe, says, that all the waters of the Danube, and of the Phase, would have been insufficient to purify, from their crimes, the -souls of the family of Laïus; and yet the Church +souls of the family of Laïus; and yet the Church of Rome would have done it. How truly the Arab poet Abu-Naovas exclaimed: "Lord, we<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_242" id="Page_242">[242]</a></span> have indulged to sin and to crime, because we saw @@ -8373,360 +8355,6 @@ A few typographical errors have been corrected.</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PAGAN ORIGIN OF PARTIALIST DOCTRINES***</p> -<p>******* This file should be named 43630-h.txt or 43630-h.zip *******</p> -<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> -<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/3/6/3/43630">http://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/6/3/43630</a></p> -<p> -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed.</p> - -<p> -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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