diff options
Diffstat (limited to '43426-8.txt')
| -rw-r--r-- | 43426-8.txt | 3274 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 3274 deletions
diff --git a/43426-8.txt b/43426-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index bce98b9..0000000 --- a/43426-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3274 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Our Little Finnish Cousin, by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Our Little Finnish Cousin - -Author: Clara Vostrovsky Winlow - -Illustrator: Harriet O'Brien - -Release Date: August 9, 2013 [EBook #43426] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OUR LITTLE FINNISH COUSIN *** - - - - -Produced by Emmy, Beth Baran and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - - - - - - -Our Little Finnish Cousin - - - - -THE LITTLE COUSIN SERIES - -(TRADE MARK) - - - _Cloth decorative, 12mo, illustrated, each_ $1.10 - -By LAURA E. RICHARDS, ANNA C. WINLOW, Etc. - - - =Our Little African Cousin= - =Our Little Alaskan Cousin= - =Our Little Arabian Cousin= - =Our Little Argentine Cousin= - =Our Little Armenian Cousin= - =Our Little Australian Cousin= - =Our Little Austrian Cousin= - =Our Little Belgian Cousin= - =Our Little Bohemian Cousin= - =Our Little Brazilian Cousin= - =Our Little Bulgarian Cousin= - =Our Little Canadian Cousin of the Great Northwest= - =Our Little Canadian Cousin of the Maritime Provinces= - =Our Little Chilean Cousin= - =Our Little Chinese Cousin= - =Our Little Cossack Cousin= - =Our Little Cuban Cousin= - =Our Little Czecho-Slovak Cousin= - =Our Little Danish Cousin= - =Our Little Dutch Cousin= - =Our Little Egyptian Cousin= - =Our Little English Cousin= - =Our Little Eskimo Cousin= - =Our Little Finnish Cousin= - =Our Little French Cousin= - =Our Little German Cousin= - =Our Little Grecian Cousin= - =Our Little Hawaiian Cousin= - =Our Little Hindu Cousin= - =Our Little Hungarian Cousin= - =Our Little Indian Cousin= - =Our Little Irish Cousin= - =Our Little Italian Cousin= - =Our Little Japanese Cousin= - =Our Little Jewish Cousin= - =Our Little Jugoslav Cousin= - =Our Little Korean Cousin= - =Our Little Lapp Cousin= - =Our Little Lithuanian Cousin= - =Our Little Malayan (Brown) Cousin= - =Our Little Mexican Cousin= - =Our Little Norwegian Cousin= - =Our Little Panama Cousin= - =Our Little Persian Cousin= - =Our Little Philippine Cousin= - =Our Little Polish Cousin= - =Our Little Porto Rican Cousin= - =Our Little Portuguese Cousin= - =Our Little Quebec Cousin= - =Our Little Roumanian Cousin= - =Our Little Russian Cousin= - =Our Little Scotch Cousin= - =Our Little Servian Cousin= - =Our Little Siamese Cousin= - =Our Little South African (Boer) Cousin= - =Our Little Spanish Cousin= - =Our Little Swedish Cousin= - =Our Little Swiss Cousin= - =Our Little Turkish Cousin= - =Our Little Welsh Cousin= - =Our Little West Indian Cousin= - - -THE LITTLE COUSINS OF LONG AGO - - =Our Little Athenian Cousin= - =Our Little Carthaginian Cousin= - =Our Little Celtic Cousin= - =Our Little Crusader Cousin= - =Our Little Feudal Cousin= - =Our Little Frankish Cousin= - =Our Little Florentine Cousin= - =Our Little Macedonian Cousin= - =Our Little Norman Cousin= - =Our Little Roman Cousin= - =Our Little Saxon Cousin= - =Our Little Spartan Cousin= - =Our Little Viking Cousin= - - L. C. PAGE & COMPANY (Inc.) - 53 Beacon Street Boston, Mass. - -[Illustration: "THE REINDEER SUDDENLY SWERVED IN SUCH A WAY THAT JUHANI -WAS PITCHED OUT." (_See page 40_)] - - - - - Our Little - Finnish Cousin - - By - Clara Vostrovsky Winlow - - _Author of_ - "Our Little Roumanian Cousin," "Our Little - Bohemian Cousin," "Our Little - Bulgarian Cousin." - - _Illustrated by_ - Harriet O'Brien - - [Illustration] - - Boston - The Page Company - PUBLISHERS - - - - - _Copyright, 1918_ - BY THE PAGE COMPANY - - _All rights reserved_ - - First Impression, April, 1918 - Second Impression, July, 1919 - Third Impression, January, 1930 - - - - -PREFACE - - -FINLAND is one of the little countries in whose struggles for greater -freedom the world is interested to-day. It is situated on the northeast -shore of the Baltic Sea, and is bounded by Russia, Norway and Sweden, -the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland. A maze of rocks and small, -pine-covered islands form a ring around the coast. The art of navigating -between these requires much skill and long apprenticeship, so that it is -no wonder that Finland, among other things, is noted for her pilots. - -"Forest, rock, and water" is the way in which one writer describes -Finland. This little country, known all over the world for its -progressive ideas, is thinly inhabited, having only one city, the -capital Helsingfors, of any size. Over eighty-six per cent. of the -people are Finnish, twelve per cent. Swedish, and the rest Russians, -Germans, and Lapps. - -Little is known of Finnish history before the twelfth century, when King -Eric of Sweden invaded the land to Christianize the inhabitants. Swedish -settlements followed and Finland became a province of Sweden. It -remained that for six hundred years, during which time there were -constant conflicts between the Russians and Swedes for the possession of -Finnish ports. - -While Sweden was engaged with Napoleon, the Finns, tired of the -ceaseless disorder, agreed to union with Russia on condition that they -be assured a certain independence. This was conceded, Alexander I, then -Tzar of Russia, taking oath as Grand Duke of Finland and promising to -observe the religion of the country and all the privileges and rights -which it had so far enjoyed. This oath was kept more scrupulously than -by the last two Swedish monarchs, and cordial relations were established -between Russia and Finland. The Finnish people began to take a more -prominent part in their own affairs, for up to that time the Swedes had -had the upper hand everywhere. Alexander boasted with some truth that he -had created a nation. - -In 1863 Tzar Alexander II gave a Representative Constitution to Finland. - -In 1899, the present deposed Russian ruler, Nicholas II, was ill-advised -enough to issue a manifesto suspending the Finnish Constitution. -Unheeded protests followed, and up to 1904 there is an unenviable record -of oppression and suppression on the part of Russia. - -In November, 1906, however, the Tzar was compelled to make the -concessions that the nation demanded. - -During the present world conflict the Finns have proclaimed in their -Parliament their right to absolute independence, and their claim is -sanctioned by the greatest of the European nations, which recognize the -Republic of Finland. - - C. V. W. - - - - -CONTENTS - - - CHAPTER PAGE - PREFACE v - I A FARM HOME 1 - II SUNDAY 16 - III THE END OF AUTUMN 23 - IV LAPLANDERS 38 - V SCHOOL 51 - VI THE DECEMBER VACATION 67 - VII CHRISTMAS WEEK 76 - VIII SUMMER TIME 91 - - - - -List of Illustrations - - - PAGE - "THE REINDEER SUDDENLY SWERVED IN SUCH A WAY THAT JUHANI - WAS PITCHED OUT" (_See page 40_) _Frontispiece_ - "THINGS TASTED SO GOOD OUT OF DOORS" 18 - "JUHANI WAS LISTENING TO THE MOST MARVELOUS TALES" 45 - "WAVING HIS ARMS TO KEEP HIS BALANCE, JUMPED FAR FORWARD" 62 - "SHE CARRIED OUT A BASKET FILLED WITH CRUMBS AND GRAIN" 76 - "WOUND COLORED YARN AROUND THE RYE STALKS" 95 - - - - -Our Little Finnish Cousin - - - - -CHAPTER I - -A FARM HOME - - -IT was early autumn in the Finland forest by the lake. Gold glistened -from the underbrush, from the great beds of bracken, from the shining -birches, from the paler aspens, and even from the prized rowans and -juniper trees. - -On one side where the forest grew thinner, there was a glimpse of marshy -land where big whortleberries grew in profusion. Around this marshy spot -a tiny path led to a succession of fields in some of which were grazing -cattle, in some, queer tall haystacks, and in two smaller ones, grain -still uncut. - -Two children--a boy and a girl--made their way from the forest toward -the lake, their hands tightly clasping birchen baskets filled with -berries that they had succeeded in gathering. Reaching the shore, they -silently took their places in a small boat moored under a clump of -trees. Each seized an oar, and began to row with experienced measured -strokes to the other side. - -Both unsmiling faces had the same candid capable air, but that was the -only resemblance. Ten-year-old Juhani was like his father who belonged -to the Tavastian type of Finn. He was pale, with high cheek bones, thin -hair, and a strong chin that seemed to say: "I won't give in! I won't -give in!" He might have been taken for sulky until you met the look of -sincere inquiry under his well-formed brows. - -Six-year Maja was fairer. She was brown-eyed and brown-haired, like her -Karelian mother who belonged to the other decided type of Finn. Despite -the silent gentleness of her face, she looked as if, on occasion, she -could be high spirited and even gay. - -A little crowd was gathered at the landing stage to which they crossed, -and more persons came hurrying up as a blast was heard from a steamer -still some distance away on the lake. There were other children like -themselves with baskets of birch, and women with cakes and cookies and -farm produce for sale. Some of these were busily knitting while they -waited to offer their wares. Most prominent among all thus gathered was -a rather short, sturdy girl, who seemed entirely indifferent to the fact -that the kerchief tied around her head was not at all becoming. This was -Hilja, who, although only eighteen, already held the important position -of pier-master. - -At last, amid much commotion, the steamer came up. The passengers -stepped ashore and bought many of the good things offered. But even -when all were sold there was no sign of the steamer's departure. The big -stacks of wood piled on the wharf, that were to serve the steamer for -fuel, had first to be carried aboard. For this there was help in plenty. -Men, women, and children were eager to have their services accepted. A -couple of foreigners grew restless at the delay, but no one else -betrayed any impatience, having been brought up, no doubt, on the -Finnish proverb, "God did not create hurry." - -The pier-master shouted something when it was all in, and the steamer, -with many toots, departed. The people scattered until only Juhani and -Maja remained to watch a heavily laden timber barge go slowly by on its -way to the coast. Before it passed Juhani had nudged Maja to show her -the pennies he had earned by carrying wood. With the slightest possible -twinkle of mischief, Maja at first kept her own fist tightly closed. -"Oh, show what you have!" Juhani exclaimed somewhat contemptuously, at -which Maja opened her hand and showed twice as many pennies that her -sweet face, as well as the nice berries, had brought her. - -Juhani showed his surprise by staring and staring until Maja closed her -hand again, explaining half in apology, "It was from the foreigners," -and led the way to their boat. - -Again they rowed silently over, anchored their boat in a little cove, -and then walked rapidly across the fields. Maja began to hum a folk -song, to which Juhani soon whistled a tune while he kept one hand on a -sheathed knife, called a _pukko_, hanging from the belt around his -waist. It was no wonder he was conscious and proud that it hung there. -When his father had given it to him a few days before, he had said, "You -are beginning to do man's work, Juhani, and so I think that you deserve -a man's knife." Nor was it a cheap knife. Its leather sheath was tipped -with brass and very prettily ornamented with a colored pattern. - -Both children were barefoot and both walked with equal unconcern over -stubble and sharp stones. At the edge of the last field Maja glanced -inquiringly at her brother and then broke into a run. Juhani did not -follow her example at first, but, when he did, he easily overtook her -near a square farmhouse painted a bright red, but with doors and windows -outlined in white. Against this house, reaching from the ground to the -black painted roof, was a ladder to be used in case of fire. Up this -Juhani ran, waving his hand to his sister when at the top. - -Near this house were three storehouses, one for food, one for clothes -and one for implements. Further away were cow houses, and a stable, the -loft of which was used for storing food in winter, and as a bedroom for -the maid servants in summer. There was also a small pig sty built of -granite, a stone of which Finland has so much that it has been said it -would be possible to rebuild all of London with it and still leave the -supply apparently undiminished. Neat, strong fences of slanting wood -enclosed these buildings. - -Off by itself was an outbuilding more important in a way than any of -these, the bath-house, which in Finland is never missing. - -An older girl of about fourteen with a blue kerchief on her head was -drawing water from a well near the kitchen door. As she emptied the -bucket made of a pine trunk and attached to a long pole weighted at the -end, she called to Juhani, who had just jumped from the ladder: "Hurry! -The pastor has come to stay till we go to church to-morrow and he wants -to ask you some Bible questions." - -Without waiting for her, Juhani followed Maja, who had already entered -the kitchen bright with shining copper, stopping first, however, to wipe -his feet on a mat made of pine branches laid one above another. - -This kitchen led directly into a pleasant living-room, with a tall china -tiled stove, some chairs, a big sofa, a table, and a carved cupboard. -Here were several odd beds too, that did not look like beds at all. They -were beds shut up for the day. At night they would be pulled open. A -small loom stood in one corner. Strips of home-made carpet were laid on -the yellow painted floor. - -On one wall hung a picture which had lately had a peculiar fascination -for Maja. It represented Katrine Mansdottir, a beautiful peasant woman -with a sad romantic history. She lived when Finland was under Swedish -rule. King Eric the Fourteenth had been captivated by her winsomeness -when he first saw her selling fruit on the street. He had her taken to -his castle and educated her like a princess. When she was old enough he -married her, much to the dissatisfaction of his conservative courtiers. -Later the King was deposed and cast into prison. Here his wife showed -her gratitude for all that he had done for her, sharing his imprisonment -and ministering to him until his death. Then she renounced her crown and -retired to live among the loyal Finns who loved her for the friendship -that she had always shown them. - -On the most comfortable chair in the room sat the pastor, a man who -looked so serious that one wondered if he ever smiled. No one who knew -his duties and responsibilities could wonder at this. Among them were -visiting the widely scattered members of his parish, comforting them in -sorrow and distress, helping them with advice when needed. Just outside -the nearest village, on the other side of the lake, he had a little -patch of land of his own which he cultivated when he could, to help out -his slender salary. - -The children greeted the pastor like an old friend, and seating -themselves sedately on chairs opposite him stiffened up in anticipation -of the questions that he would ask them. - -Around four o'clock everything in the room became evening colored, and -the mother came in and invited all into the kitchen for dinner. There -was an abundance of simple food,--salt fish, meat and potatoes, hard rye -bread, mead and coffee, of which latter even little Maja drank her -share. - -The first part of the meal made one think of a Quaker meeting, it was so -very quiet; but after the mead had been passed around and the coffee -poured, a sparkle came to the eyes of all, and even the pastor's face -took on a genial glow as, prompted by kind inquiries, he related some of -his recent experiences. - -"You know poor old Yrjo (George)," he said, "who is now one of my -people. Well, he's trying to learn to read and write and having a hard -time doing it. You see, he never had a chance earlier in life, for he -used to live way up north on the outskirts of Lapland. He is doing all -this because--well, I guess you can guess why--. Yes, he wants to be -married, and you know how strict our law is that no pastor shall marry -men or women unless they know how to read and write. I think he'll -learn, for he's dogged. He's already built himself a shack on my grounds -not to waste time in coming and going. When I told him this morning that -he was making progress he was as delighted as a child." - -Then he told of a recent visit to a big dairy farm, of the long low -buildings with ice chambers here and there. "It was a great pleasure," -he said, "to see how neatly everything is kept. All the floors and walls -are of blue and white tile, and the windows of stained glass--a pretty -sight. I can't forget the rows of shelves with their big earthenware -vessels of rich-looking milk and cream. In one room women dressed in -white were putting up butter for export. I agree with those who think -that dairying is going to grow in importance here. It certainly seems to -pay our farmers better than farming." - -"I am going to be a dairy man," said Juhani. - -"And I am going to a University and be an architect," piped in little -Maja quite as decidedly. - -At this the family laughed, but the pastor remarked seriously, "It's -well to make plans early. There are many women who are succeeding in -architecture, little Maja." - -"Yes," remarked the mother, "and Maja has an aunt in Helsingfors who is -among the number." - -As it was Saturday night the usual preparations had been made for a -family bath, and the kindly pastor who was not considered an outsider -was invited to share in it as a matter of course. Every one seemed to -look to this bath as a great pleasure. After the pastor had accepted, -Juhani, with face glowing, ran at once to show the bath whisks that he -had himself made. - -"I made a lot of them in the summer," he explained, "for then the leaves -are soft." - -"Go take them to the bath house and steep them in hot water," said his -father, "and see that the maids have not forgotten to strew fresh straw -on the floor." - -"May I not get ready first," asked Juhani. And when his father nodded, -he slipped off his clothes and ran naked to where the bath house stood -alone not far from the lake. - -The little structure was made of pine logs on a foundation of moss and -stones. The roof was thatched. Over the door the farmer had carved the -Finnish proverb: "The Church and the Sauna (Bath-house) are holy -places." Within, on one side, was a stone oven, while opposite this was -a series of wooden steps to the ceiling. These were covered with straw. - -When Juhani entered, an old woman servant was already there poking at -the big fire. Now and then she threw on water so that it was quite -steamy when the other members of the family came trooping in. Juhani at -once seized Maja around the waist, all his shyness evidently left -outside, and twirled her around until she shouted for him to stop. - -It grew hotter and hotter in the room and more and more steamy as the -different members climbed on the step-like platforms and beat themselves -with the birch twigs which now gave forth a pleasant fragrance. - -Juhani and Maja had also mounted the steps, but every once in a while -they would jump down and try to whip each other on the back and legs. - -When all had perspired enough, they took turns in sitting on a chair -and letting the old woman give each a quick massage and a wash down with -cold water. Then oh, what a race there was for the lake, into which all -plunged with shouts of laughter! Then out again and a race for home. -Maja somehow got a big start and came in a foot ahead of her brother -who, when he saw what she was after, almost tumbled over her in his -eagerness to win. - - - - -CHAPTER II - -SUNDAY - - -PREPARATIONS for going to church next morning were soon made. Some -things that we should consider unusual were taken, including a big lunch -and a couple of hammocks. Two row boats carried the party some distance -down the lake to a much larger boat, called the Church Boat. It was -already half filled. After a short wait, other peasants arrived, greeted -their friends soberly and sat down. - -The men had on somber-looking suits, with big felt hats and high boots. -The women's costumes varied, although the majority had on black -shapeless jackets with a white kerchief crossed under the chin; some, -however, had on bright bodices, embroidered aprons, and blue or crimson -kerchiefs. Most of the women carried their prayer-books wrapped in -white handkerchiefs. When all were seated, the young women, as well as -the young men, seized hold of the oars and the boat left the pier. - -It was a slow journey, stops being made at a few places where people -stood waiting. It was rather solemn, too; there was no idle chatter; at -the minister's suggestion, however, hymns were sung. - -The Lutheran Church, at which the party at last arrived, was a plain -building both inside and out. It was built entirely of timber and had a -separate bell tower. As the people walked in, the women all took their -places on one side, the men on the other. - -The services lasted until three in the afternoon. Maja yawned and almost -put herself asleep counting the stitches in the woman's jacket in front -of her. But when it was all over and the people filed out of the -building, they seemed to leave some of their somberness there. They -gathered in groups and together departed either for a swim in the lake -or with hammocks and lunches for a picnic in the silent woods. - -[Illustration: "THINGS TASTED SO GOOD OUT OF DOORS"] - -Things tasted so good out of doors that Maja and Juhani smiled much at -each other, although Juhani would always put on a particularly serious -look afterwards. Then the two swung on one of the hammocks and also on a -huge swing near the Church. "Come on for a ramble with us in the woods," -two passing children of their own age called to them. "Come," said Maja, -taking hold of Juhani's hand, and away they went over the greenish gray -mosses through the rosy and pale yellow underbrush. There were bright -red cranberries here and there with which they filled their pockets as -they discussed, not church affairs, but wood nymphs, the kind ugly -_tomtar_ or brownies, and the little gray man in the woods who has a -fiery tail. - -Suddenly Maja stopped, looking so scared that all followed her example. -"What is it?" asked her brother. - -"A brownie!" Maja could hardly make herself heard. - -The boys laughed at her as they rushed forward and made a big brown -squirrel scamper away into the branches of a tree. - -"Nevertheless I'd like to believe that there were brownies around," -Juhani confessed when the girls had come up. "Do you know that they are -so kind that on Christmas they bring a gift to every animal that lives -near?" - -The others nodded. "I'd rather see one than a wood nymph," one of them -declared. "I'd be afraid of her. My! but she must be ugly from behind if -she's really hollow there as they say. She's apt to do you harm too, if -you see her from the back." - -By this time they had reached a little one-room hut evidently deserted, -for the door swung on only one hinge. Before they peeked in, Juhani, -with a curious look on his face, cautioned each to say "Good Day to all -here" on entering even if they saw no one, for a _Tomty_ might be hidden -in some corner. - -It was a very old type of house. The upper half of the walls were -stained black. There was a big fire place but no chimney, the smoke -having evidently been allowed to escape through a hole in the roof. - -A long thin piece of resinous wood was still fastened to one wall. This -was called a _pare_, and when lit served instead of lamp or candle. - -There was a small clearing around the house, and half buried in leaves -near the door was an old-time harrow that had once been formed from a -bundle of stout fir top branches. - -Later they paused to ask for a drink of water at a small two-room -cottage of unhewn, unpainted wood surrounded by a little pasture but -with no garden or other sign of cultivation around, nothing but the -vast impressive forest. A savage-looking dog that looked as if it might -have been crossed with a fox, snarled at them but was called away by a -very old woman who explained that she was there alone, her son having -lately gone to a timber camp. "He'll come back with enough money," she -added with a trembling voice, "to see us through the winter, which is -going to be a hard one." - -"Why do you say that, Granny?" asked Juhani. - -"Couldn't you see it for yourself," the old woman returned rather -sharply, "by the great number of berries?" - -"Are you not lonely here?" Maja inquired with sympathy. - -"Aye, lonely," repeated the woman, "but contented too, for have I not -the forest with me day and night and is it not a part of my very soul?" - -A long drawn whistle here made the children realize that the church -parties were breaking up and that they must make haste to return, so -thanking the old woman they raced back apparently as fresh as if they -had not already had a long tramp. Where the forest was thickest it was -quite dark. "If it gets any darker," said Maja, "we'll have to stop and -pray to the Twilight Maiden to spin for us a thread of gold to lead us -safely home." - -"There are also others to help us," said Juhani, and half playfully he -called on all the woodland fairy folk whose names are found in the great -Finland epic, "The Kalevala": on _Mielikki_, hostess of the forest; -_Tuometar_, nymph of the bird cherry; _Katejatar_, nymph of the juniper; -_Pillajatar_, nymph of the mountain ash; _Matka-Teppo_, god of the road; -_Hongatar_, ruler of the pines; _Sinetar_, that beauteous elf who paints -the flowers the blue of the sky, and on _Sotka's daughter_ who protects -wild game from harm. - - - - -CHAPTER III - -THE END OF AUTUMN - - -THE next day Maja had to stay in the house to help while her mother and -sister baked, for they were to have a _talko_, that is, neighbors had -been invited over to help with the last of the harvesting. "Have lots of -good things to eat," Juhani called as he followed his father out to help -in one of the fields. Here a number of peasants were driving long poles -into the ground at regular intervals; to these they fastened eight -outstretched arms, the ends of which were curved upwards. On these arms -hay that had been cut with sickles was carefully arranged that it might -dry. - -While this was being done, the grain that had been dried some time -before was being baked in an outside oven or kiln not far from the hay -barn, a big long building with a corrugated roof. - -This baking makes the Finnish grain in demand for seed in other -countries, for it drives away the damp and kills all insects that might -injure the germ. - -By evening all the work was finished, and the merry group of peasant men -and women who had given their help trooped, singing, to the house. A big -supper awaited them and as they sat down, the men on one side of the -table, the women on the other, all showed the splendid appetites which -the work in the fields had given them. - -As soon as the supper was over, the floor was cleared, and all joined in -dancing the national dance, called the _jenka_, during which a warmth of -feeling was displayed that belied their reputation for being stolid, and -that no stranger, who might have seen the men and women on their way to -church the day before, would have believed possible. - -After this the weather grew less pleasant; the sky was often dull and -overcast; cold raw winds began to blow and there was much fog and sleet. -During this time there was a certain flurry in the farm house, for -Juhani, young as he was, had gained his father's permission to accompany -an uncle to a lumber camp some distance to the north. - -At the first fall of snow they left. It was a long drive they had, one -that grew colder after the middle of the day. The air, which was very -still, had a frostiness to it that nipped Juhani's nose and face. But -neither he nor his uncle grumbled. The faces of both had a peculiarly -similar look of patient endurance. It was not until toward evening that -they came to a rolling swampy country where a big body of woodmen were -already at work at the rude shelters that were to form the camp. For -one night a batch of new men had to lie around the camp fire, turning -one side, then the other to the heat, for there were not enough huts yet -built. - -Juhani was put to work almost at once in picking up chips and doing all -sorts of odds and ends, for he had only been allowed to go on condition -that he was willing to make himself useful. Later he was regularly sent -alone twice a week through the forest to a peasant farm for milk and -eggs. The coming and going for these took all of a day. Sometimes the -forest was dark and silent; at other times birds called to him, and wild -animals, strangely tame, would peep out from the snow-covered brush at -him. - -Once a merry squirrel enticed him into an old overgrown path. He -continued to follow it even after he had lost track of the squirrel -until he came to two branches, one of which he decided led in the -direction of his destination. - -After wandering about for an hour and finding that the trees and the -brush were growing denser and denser he grew somewhat alarmed and tried -to retrace his steps. - -He soon found that this was impossible. Here it occurred to him that if -he could get to the top of a tree he might have a better idea of where -he was and what to do. So dropping his pail, he scrambled up the nearest -willow. This was not high enough to give much of an outlook, and, -getting down again, he cast longing eyes on a tall fir with no low -branches. - -With difficulty he dragged a small uprooted juniper to it and placing it -against the trunk, with its help he managed to reach the lowest branch. -It was then an easy task to climb to the top of the tree. - -There was a very fair outlook from the top but no sign of the farmhouse -for which he was bound. There was one thing comforting however. It was -that at some distance away something glittered like water. - -With a grunt Juhani let himself down and then stood in thought. Only for -a moment did he allow himself to do this. He was too well aware of the -shortness of the days to dally. Drawing his _pukko_ (knife) he began to -hew his way through the thick underbrush, over the springy soil, in the -direction of what he knew must be the lake. - -Now and then fallen tree trunks had to be scaled. Twice his feet caught -in tangled vines and threw him. Several times he had to take the time to -climb trees to assure himself that he was going in the right direction. -And all the time he had the consciousness that night was descending. - -It was already dusk when he reached the lake where, to his great relief, -he recognized the spot by means of a big bowlder as being within half a -mile of camp. - -He saw, however, that in a very few minutes it would be too dark to go -further. The only thing to do was to wait until the moon rose. So -gathering together as much of the brush as he could, he started it -burning and then lay down before it to try to get a little rest. - -Despite the fire, which continually had to be replenished, it was very -cold and he found it necessary to turn constantly first one side, then -the other towards the flames to be at all comfortable. - -At last the fire went out and there was nothing left for Juhani to do -except sit with his back to the trunk of a nearby tree and wait. When -the moon came out, it was a very stiff boy who arose and followed -stumblingly the banks of the lake to camp. - -Here he found a group of men with his Uncle in the lead, getting ready -to start a hunt for him. As soon as he had stammered out his story to -his Uncle the latter shook him angrily by the shoulder and ordered him -to bed. "Don't you ever try anything of the kind again; at least not -while you are on an errand for me," he called after him. And Juhani -never did. - -The boy won the favor of a driver of one of the short sledges on which -the cut-down trees, rough hewn with axes and with the bark peeled off, -were drawn, and he sometimes had a ride with him to the lake where men -stalked the logs on the banks. On these trips, although he said nothing, -he hardly knew whether he admired most how the driver guided the horses -over the difficult ground or the intelligence of the alert little -Finnish horses themselves. - -Sometimes, instead of these trips, he had an opportunity to watch the -actual cutting down of the trees. He would sometimes quiver in sympathy -as a tree quivered before dashing down against the other trees, perhaps -remaining suspended a moment, then coming with a crash to the ground -and raising a flurry of snow. - -Once a tree was down it was ready to be cleared of branches and then -sawed into logs. - -In the evening the spring journey of the logs, when they would be -floated down the lake and out to sea, was often discussed. Juhani -learned how men with long hooks were stationed at the narrow or rocky -places on the water to keep the logs from getting blocked. This was -difficult and often dangerous. Sometimes it led to loss of life. - -While on the lake, the logs would be collected and chained together to -form great rafts. Several of these would be fastened behind each other -and drawn by a small tug. On these rafts the men would build themselves -little huts on which they would live, for it is slow work to get the -logs from the forests to the mills. Indeed it almost always takes one or -two summers at least. - -Sometimes instead of these stories, the men would sing rough songs that -sounded out there in the wilds more weird and melancholy than they -really were. Sometimes they discussed the future of Finland. There was -one fellow among them to whom Juhani loved to listen. He remembered long -the man's reply to a particularly pessimistic statement. "Our future -depends on ourselves. Have we not the sea? Does it not stand for power -and freedom? Shame, I say, on those who do not see it!" - -Things in camp went along quietly enough until near the end of the -season, when two of the men had a fight which might have ended seriously -had they not been separated in time, for both had drawn their _pukkos_ -(knives). - -Before Juhani left for home the driver invited him to come on a trip -much further east than they were stationed. His uncle consented. It gave -Juhani an opportunity to see the very primitive and wasteful -agricultural methods that are still practiced in Finland in -out-of-the-way places, that of burning down the forest to fertilize the -land. - -They spent the first night with the owner of a place on which this was -done. He did his best to entertain them well. - -After they had had supper the family gathered around the big rude -fireplace, and while the fire crackled and a drink of some kind was -passed around the talk drifted to the future prospects of the country. -Then the peasant proprietor told of the time when the deposed Tzar of -Russia, Nicholas II, through the Manifesto of February fifteenth, 1899, -had tried to deprive Finland of most of her independence. "I heard -through my young son who had just returned from further South, that -signatures for a petition to the Tzar were being sought. 'They shall not -lack mine,' I told my wife. It was bitterly cold even for one used to -severe months of blinding snow, but I put on my skis and made my way -through the dense forest in the face of a harsh wind, to the nearest -settlement Here I learned that a messenger gathering signatures had just -left. Without stopping for food or drink, I followed the direction he -had taken through a frozen swamp and came up with him just before -nightfall. And there, with nothing to be seen but snow around us, I -signed the paper and returned to the settlement while he went on for -another hour to the neighboring hamlet." - -"I know of a case to match that somewhat," said the driver. "After the -Tzar's Manifesto, a well-to-do farmer, who lived too far away to go to -Helsingfors, wrote a petition himself to the Tzar, had it signed by the -family, servants and those nearest, and then forwarded it." - -Here the old grandmother, an intelligent looking peasant woman, with a -brown plaid shawl tightly pinned around her neck, took the lead in the -conversation, harking back to older times when she had known Elias -Lönnrot who made the folk songs he gathered into a whole as the great -Finnish epic, the "Kalevala." This was evidently a favorite subject with -her. "I was only a young girl," she said, "when he came as a physician -to Kajana, which is a place of which it was then said there were two -streets, 'Along one go pigs when it's wet, along the other the -inhabitants when it's dry.' Lönnrot was a strong fine fellow, very -gentle. People used to say he would cry if he happened to kill a fly. He -was rather careless about his clothes. I met him one day just as he was -starting on one of his searches for folk songs. He was dressed like a -peasant, with a short pipe in his mouth and a staff in his hand. A small -flute hung from his button-hole, while a valise and gun were slung on -his back. After he came back we spoke of nothing for weeks except his -adventures. In one place he was taken for a tramp and found it -impossible to secure any sort of vehicle to take him on his way. In -another village the people thought him a wizard. They wouldn't give him -any food. He remembered that an eclipse of the sun would take place that -day. 'I'll make the sun die,' he said, 'if you don't attend to my -wants.' The people laughed and hooted, but when the sun actually did -disappear they were badly frightened and begged him on their knees to -make it come back and brought him all kinds of good things to eat." - -"It seems to me," said her son reflectively, "that Lönnrot published -something else besides the 'Kalevala.'" - -"Indeed he did," said the grandmother quickly, proud of her knowledge, -"why, I've taught you many a verse given in the _Kanteletaar_ (the -Daughter of the Kantele). It contains about seven hundred ancient songs -and ballads." - -Juhani and the driver were somewhat surprised at hearing all this at -such a far off place. They would have gladly continued the conversation -had it not been necessary to retire early to be prepared for the journey -to the north on the morrow. - - - - -CHAPTER IV - -LAPLANDERS - - -A HEAVY snow fell during the night. After they had had breakfast, Juhani -and the driver found two _pulkas_ (boat shaped sleighs) awaiting them. -To each of these there was harnessed reindeer of a dark gray color, with -huge branching antlers. There was only one rein for each of those in the -_pulkas_ to hold. - -"Notice the reindeer's foot," Juhani's companion bade him. "See how -broad and flexible it is. It is divided, too, and so spreads when it -touches the snow." - -"How can I get the reindeer to stop?" asked Juhani anxiously. - -"Well, if you really need to stop and he refuses," replied the driver, -"all you have to do is to fall out." - -Their host wrapped furs around them as each took his place in one of the -sleds hardly big enough to hold even one person. Then while his wife -held the deer, the farmer showed Juhani how to wrap the rein properly -around his wrist. This being managed, the wife let go, and they were -off. - -The country through which they now passed was tiresomely flat and -covered with small birch and fir trees. After they had gone some -distance it began to snow in thick cloud-like masses and the wind began -to blow the snow about as if in violent play. Juhani did very well -considering that this was his first reindeer ride. He managed to stay in -the sled even when the reindeer bumped it hard against the trees. -Fortunately the deep furrows in the road helped steady the sleighs, and -Juhani began to feel proud of himself when finally the Lapp settlement -came into view. Whether it was the sight of it or something else, Juhani -did not know, but just then the reindeer suddenly swerved in such a way -that Juhani was pitched out. He arose quickly and called to the reindeer -to stop, but in vain. His companion was far ahead and so, somewhat angry -and mortified, he made his way as best he could on foot the short -distance still remaining. - -These Lapp settlements in Northern Finland are few in number. It is said -that there are not more than two thousand Lapps in Finland. The Finnish -word Lapp or Lappu means Land-End folk. The Lapps use another name for -themselves; it is Samelats and for their country, Same. Many of the -Lapps are fishermen, but there are also forest and mountain Lapps. - -One wonders how they could get along without the reindeer, which -furnishes them with milk, meat, and even clothing, besides drawing their -sledges. Because of these animals the Lapps prefer the open country -where reindeer moss is plentiful. When it is not found, the spruce tree -serves as a substitute, and a very extravagant one, for nearly a hundred -trees are needed yearly for one reindeer. - -When Juhani came up, he found the whole village surrounding his friend, -who laughing, advanced with a muscular, well-proportioned Lapp to him. -The Lapp shook his hand and assured him gravely that no one thought the -worse of him for the mishap. - -This Lapp was dressed in a loose reindeer costume reaching below the -knees and fitting closely about the throat. It was adorned with gay -trimmings of blue and scarlet and yellow. On his feet were soft, pliable -skin boots. - -He led them to the largest hut. Juhani noticed the quarters of frozen -reindeer meat hanging from the branches of the trees near it and also -the buckets full of frozen reindeer milk. - -When they had entered, they seated themselves on the floor on skins and -waited while snow was brought in, placed in a kettle over the fire, -melted, and coffee made. This and food was soon placed before them. The -latter consisted of reindeer meat, a kind of rye and barley bread, milk -and a strong oily cheese. It tasted very good to Juhani after his cold -walk. When he had eaten enough to satisfy himself as well as his -hospitable hosts, he was shyly invited to join in an outside game with a -group of dark-skinned children with straight silky brown hair, broad -flat faces and noses, and very round eyes compared to their elders. -These children looked like funny little bears, wrapped as they were in -fur. - -Two of the boys carried wooden sticks which they drove into the snow. -These were made so that a stone could rest on the top. Each child tried -his best to see how many of these he could knock off with snowballs in a -given time. - -Juhani found himself far behind his little friends. He was not so good a -shot, and he lacked their quickness in making the balls. But he kept on -trying. - -In the afternoon when it grew too dark and cold to remain longer out of -doors (it was thirty degrees below zero), two of the children went with -Juhani into the unventilated hut, and sitting down near the fire took -out their knives and began to carve. Juhani watched the older of the -two, a boy about his own age, and soon saw that he was making a running -reindeer on the handle of a knife. Great was his surprise next morning -to have this presented him. The mother, in the meantime, had just laid -down some reindeer intestines that she was making into gloves. - -"How many reindeer have you?" Juhani asked the Lapp boy. - -"Oh, nearly a thousand," the latter answered carelessly. - -"What a number of uses you put them to! I wish you would tell me all of -them." - -[Illustration: "JUHANI WAS LISTENING TO THE MOST MARVELOUS TALES"] - -The Lapp boy smiled. "To tell all would take me all day. I will tell you -a few though. We make butter and cheese from their milk, eat their flesh -as food, make our beds and tents, of their skins; their tendons give us -our thread and many of our eating utensils are made out of their -antlers." - -"It must be much trouble to milk the reindeer every day," Juhani -remarked. - -"But we don't milk them every day," the Lapp boy quickly put in. "Only -about twice a week. Oftener it would certainly be much trouble." - -Juhani wanted to know still more. "Since the reindeer are loose, how can -they find food when the ground is covered with snow several feet deep?" -he asked. - -"They can smell it," returned the Lapp. "They never make a mistake. As -soon as they smell it, they scrape at the snow with their feet and -nose until they get to it." - -After another meal all gathered still closer to the log fire to listen -to news of the outside world. For a long time the woodman talked, and -then, growing tired, he begged the Lapp mother to tell some stories. - -This she did in the Finnish language, which, like all the rest of her -family, she spoke well. Soon Juhani was listening to the most marvelous -tales, of giants as big as mountains with one enormous eye, of ugly -witches that fly about like bats at night, and of frightful goblins that -do much harm. Then, changing her tone, she softly told the story of the -goddess, _Nyavvinna_, the kindly daughter of the Sun, a being who first -caught and tamed the reindeer and gave them to the Lapps for their -comfort and joy. - -"Will you tell our fortune?" asked the woodman driver, eying her -somewhat askance, when she had stopped. She smiled good naturedly at -him, and going to a rude cabinet took from it a kind of drum by means of -which she foretold a pleasant return journey on the morrow. - -Juhani watched her with simple curiosity; his companion, however, was -plainly uneasy, and when they were alone for a minute before lying down -to sleep, he whispered, "Awfully uncanny folks, these Lapps are." - -The next morning, too, despite the kindly parting, it was plain to -Juhani that he was glad to get away. They had another exhilarating ride -behind the reindeer. It had a delightful tang to it, a trace of -wildness, to which something, even in Juhani's stolid nature, responded. - -When they had left their sleds at the home of their Finnish friends the -driver grew talkative and told Juhani many stories of other trips to -Lapland, one the summer before to this same family. He laughed when he -thought of the children. "They would have had a pleasant time gathering -berries," he said, "had it not been for the mosquitoes. There were so -many of these that they had to wear a sort of mosquito net fastened -around the waist. When they tore these or objected too much, their -mother rubbed tar all over their hands and faces. My! but they did look -funny then," and he laughed so heartily that Juhani could not help but -join him. - -The man had many other interesting things to tell, for his experiences -had been varied. Among other things he explained the old system still in -use in parts of Finland of getting tar, an important Finnish industry. - -"Those are fine tar trees," he said, when they had come to a clump of -fir and larch. "Nothing better. Do you know how they work the thing? -Well, the wood, after being cut, is piled high on a big platform that -slopes from all sides to the center where there is an opening into a vat -underneath. This pile is covered over with a thick layer of earth and -grass and then lit from below. It smolders for several days until the -pile sinks and a flame springs up. When the tar begins to flow it is -caught in barrels. Shafts are afterwards attached to these barrels and -they are then drawn by horses to the nearest water and loaded on boats -for the coast. - -"These boats are built to shoot the rapids. There is no iron used in -them, the fir planks being bound together with wooden fibers. They don't -weigh much so that they give in to slight shocks. Wood only -three-fourths of an inch thick separates one from the water. The boats -are about thirty by three feet, very long and narrow, you see, yet big -enough to hold about twenty barrels, with high sides to keep out the -foam. - -"I tell you it takes skill and nerve to steer one of these boats. The -pilots have to have a license. Besides the pilot, the crew generally -consists of two men or a man and a woman. I wasn't much older than you -are now when I first went in one. We started at Kajana on the Ulea -River. My! how the boat did skim along! It seemed as free as a bird. I -held my breath most of the time. And what a shock it was when it went -plunk into the rapids which extend many miles! I'll never forget that -first ride and the peculiar joy I felt at the danger. The last rapids -are the Pyhakoski or Sacred Rapids. They are twelve miles long, but the -trip over them took us barely twenty minutes. Here you can see the slope -of the stream. Every second you go faster. Now you have to avoid a -whirlpool, now a rock; sometimes both. I thought I'd just go deaf from -the roar of the waters. When we reached smooth water again I thought I -really was deaf, the silence was so overpowering." - -"What causes the rapids?" asked Juhani. - -"It's the enormous bowlders," responded his companion. "The rapids are -mighty pretty. I've seen our largest waterfall, too. It's in a narrow -gorge at Imatra and is sixty feet high. How many lakes make it, do you -think? They say it is a thousand! There are always lots of tourists -gazing at it and listening to its hissing and sputtering and roaring. -When you first hear it you think there is a storm brewing. The spray is -tossed thirty feet into the air and looks like a mass of rainbows." - - - - -CHAPTER V - -SCHOOL - - -SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June. There was -to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in -between, as well as on special days. - -Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish -instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from -Finland's connection with Russia. The teacher told the children that -there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue -being considered too uncouth for culture. "Happily," he would always -add, "that time is past. It was unjust, for eighty-six per cent of the -inhabitants are Finns. We are now fully awake." All the children had -manual training, the girls being taught cooking, sewing and darning, -the boys woodwork and carpentry. The schoolhouse was surrounded by -trees, and once a week, at least, the teacher talked of the necessity of -conserving them. - -The teacher lived near the school in a furnished house provided by the -country people. Around it was enough grazing land for a cow. The people -saw, too, that he always had a sufficient supply of firewood. - -When Maja and Juhani reached the schoolhouse on the first day they found -all the names by which Finland is sometimes known beautifully written on -the blackboard. There were "Strawberry Land," "The Land of a Thousand -Lakes," "The Land of a Thousand Heroes," "The Land of a Thousand Isles," -"Marsh Land," and "Last Born Daughter of the Sea." "This last name our -country has earned," the master explained, "because it is in fact still -rising out of the sea. As for 'Land of a Thousand Lakes' that should -rather be the 'Land of Many Thousand Lakes.' Let all these names merely -serve to remind you," he concluded, "of our duty to our country and our -determination not to give up that freedom to which we feel ourselves -entitled." - -The singing of the Finnish National Hymn followed: - - "Our Land, our Finnish Fatherland! - Ring out dear name and sound! - No hill nor dale, nor sea-worn strand, - Nor lofty mountain whitely grand, - There is more precious to be found - That this--our fathers' ground."[1] - -What Juhani liked best at school that year perhaps, was his connection -with the School Paper. Every Saturday night the higher grades, beginning -with the one in which he now was, met at the schoolhouse to consider -original contributions to it. Both poetry and prose were submitted, and -also charades and plays. Juhani won some praise for an article entitled -"What We Owe to the Trees." In this he spoke of the vast number of trees -in Finland, but particularly of the uses to which they were put. "The -birch is one of our best friends. I may not wear birch shoes but many -peasants do. From its twigs we make brooms and bath whisks; from its -bark, baskets and cups. Its blocks are fed to our locomotives and -steamboats, and its leaves provide food for our cattle. In time of need, -when crops fail, we even make bread from its bark." - -Once a month came Guest Day and the children worked hard to do -themselves and the teacher credit, for then the fathers, mothers and -friends invited had the right to ask the pupils questions. An -entertainment was always provided; sometimes there were tableaux, -sometimes a play. These were always followed by refreshments. - -This year, at the first of these nights, Juhani was honored by having an -introductory recitation from the Finnish poet Topelius. A part of it -is: - - "On the world's farthest peopled strand - Fate gave to us a Fatherland, - The last where man his foot has set, - Daring the North Pole's threat; - The last and wildest stretch of earth - Where Europe's genius built a hearth; - The last and farthest flung outpost - 'Gainst night and death and frost." - -A boy, somewhat younger, followed this with a stirring recitation about -a thick-headed peasant hero who, with a small troop, was placed to -defend a bridge. All but five of this troop were killed and the order -was given to return. The dull peasant leader did not understand and -remained at his post alone until help came, when he died with a bullet -in his heart. - -Then came the most effective part of the program. A girl, a pupil in one -of the higher grades, appeared dressed in the traditional dress of a -certain portion of Finland, consisting of a white loose blouse and -short full embroidered skirt. There was also a bodice and a colored -fringed apron. She carried a _kantele_, a stringed instrument whose -music is of a monotonous and rather melancholy tone. This served as the -accompaniment to two or three folk songs, which she half sang, half -recited in a way that brought forth special applause. Coffee and cakes, -carefully prepared by the members of the Cooking Classes, were then -served, after which games were played and riddles given. Among the -latter was Maja's favorite: "What can't speak yet tells the truth?" -Answer.--Scales. - -The next Guest Night was devoted entirely to the "Kalevala," that -wonderful national epic made up of the folk songs gathered by Elias -Lönnrot. It began with a tableau in which was seen _Wäinämöinen_, the -ancient bard of the poem, "renowned for singing and magic"; _Ilmarinen_, -the children's favorite hero, a wonderful smith; _Kullervo_, the wicked -shepherd, whose hand was against every man's; the jolly, reckless -_Lemminkainen_, and _Louhi_, the mistress of Pohjola (the North) and her -beautiful, much sought after daughter, the Rainbow Maiden. This was -followed by the reading of a passage describing _Wäinämöinen's_ playing, - - "All the birds that fly in mid-air - Fell like snow flakes from the heavens, - Flew to hear the minstrel's playing - Hear the harp of _Wäinämöinen_." - -Then came the description of how the eagle, the swans, the tiny finches -and the fish, and all within hearing, were affected by the magic harp -music. - -The curtain dropped and rolled up again to show the meeting of -_Wäinämöinen_ and his envious rival _Youkahainen_, who wishes to fight. -The tableau changed before the audience into an act in which -_Wäinämöinen's_ magic singing causes his rival to sink helplessly into -quicksand, and in which he refuses every ransom _Youkahainen_ offers, -until it comes to _Youkahainen's_ beauteous sister. - -One of the pupils now read the parts from the "Kalevala" describing the -various tasks that the heroes were called on to perform: the forging of -the magic _sampo_, a coin, corn, and salt mill which could grind out -good fortune for whoever had it; the capturing of the elk of Hiisi; the -bridling of the fire-breathing horse, and others. - -Last the teacher himself took the platform to call the attention of the -audience to the beautiful expressions of mother love scattered -throughout. He showed how even the wise _Wäinämöinen_ thought first of -his mother when in distress: - - "If my mother were now breathing - She would surely truly tell me - How I might best bear this trouble," - -and how the mother love of the hot-headed _Lemminkainen_ rescues him -from death. - -It was not always easy for Juhani and Maja to get to school, yet it was -rarely that they or any of the other pupils were absent. Often the only -light they had going and coming was that thrown up by the snow. -Sometimes, however, the remarkable Northern Lights (the Aurora Borealis) -helped the sun in its labors. They grew all the sturdier, too, for -having to face wild weather. - -All the pupils came to school on skis, made of long narrow pieces of -wood with a leather strip in the center through which one merely slipped -the foot, so that in falling the foot was released. The front end was -pointed and curved upward. It does not take long to go a good distance -on skis. Juhani could go seven miles an hour on his. There were always -rows of skis at the school door, some large, some small, for the proper -length depends on the height of the individual. To find it one stands -with arms extended above one's head. The skis must reach from the ground -to the raised fingertips. - -At home one of the older children's duties was to teach a young brother -or sister how to use skis. It was not unusual to see even three-year old -babes on them. At five years most of them could be trusted alone. The -first lesson was one of balance. One foot was placed in advance, the -knees bent with the body forward. This was followed by making the first -step. - -Sometimes, during vacation days, there were ski races, but these were -forgotten when in the latter part of November announcement was made of a -ski jumping contest to be held in the nearest village. The age limit -kept the smaller boys from all hope of taking part, but they at once -organized a ski jumping contest of their own. Juhani was the youngest -admitted even here. "No, I've never tried jumping," he confessed when -asked, "but I know that I can do it." At the first meeting of the -schoolboys he had an opportunity to show what he could do. He advanced -with something like a swagger, made a good jump but landed in a heap -instead of on his feet. His companions, who knew that there was -something to learn, all shouted, "The cow cannot climb a hill! The cow -cannot climb a hill!" which is an old proverb, and means that one cannot -perform a feat beyond his ability. - -Juhani picked himself up, shut his lips tightly together, and tried -again and again until he could outdistance many of the boys. - -When the day of the great contest came everybody who could went to see -the sport. A strong little platform had been built on the side of a hill -near the town. From this the contestants were to spring. - -There were six competitors. One especially seemed to have won favor -beforehand, not because he was better looking than the others, for he -was not, but probably because of the merry good humor in his eyes. - -[Illustration: "WAVING HIS ARMS TO KEEP HIS BALANCE, JUMPED FAR -FORWARD"] - -The signal came to start. First came a stalwart, serious-faced youth who -jumped over sixty feet, landed on his feet, and raced down the hill. -After him followed three others, all of whom jumped between sixty-five -and seventy-five feet. The fifth rushed after them, jumping seventy-nine -feet, but failing to land on his feet. Last came the popular youth. He -glanced around until he met the gaze of a little old lady in the crowd. -Then he smiled and waved his hat to her, ran up on the platform, doubled -up his legs, which he kept close together, and then waving his arms to -keep his balance, jumped far forward. A shout of applause burst forth as -he landed on his feet and raced down the hill. This increased still more -when it was learned that he had out-distanced all the others, his -jump being over eighty feet. - -The last day of the term at school the children had a big Christmas -tree. It was decorated with Russian and Finnish flags and candles and -with sweets for all hanging from its branches. There were many visitors, -for on this day prizes were to be awarded to the most deserving pupils. -No one knew for certain to whom the chief prizes were to go, but there -were often clever guesses. In Juhani's Grade, however, a murmur of -surprise was heard when the name of the winner was announced. An -unusually shy youth stepped forward awkwardly. Juhani remembered him as -a poor boy who had entered that term. He remembered also how hard at -first he had found the studies, then how he improved by degrees until he -ranked with the best. - -The teacher, in making the presentation, dwelt on the virtue of such -perseverance and then invited the visitors to ask him any questions in -his late studies that they desired. - -Several were eager to do this, much to the lad's embarrassment. But no -sooner did he begin to answer than the embarrassment vanished, and he -surprised all present by the clearness of his replies. - -At the conclusion the teacher said: "This year we have for good reasons -departed from our usual custom of presenting some book to be treasured -by the winner. Instead we present to this deserving pupil a certain -amount of money with only one stipulation, that he spend it in things -that will most help him in his future studies." - -"What will most help me in my future studies," the pupil responded, -after some words of thanks, "will be the thought that my mother is more -comfortable. So I accept this gladly if you have no objection to my -giving it all at once to her." - -The applause of all present showed their consent, and after an enquiring -look at his teacher he walked up to a poorly-dressed woman who sat at -the very rear of the room and whose eyes filled with tears as she took -the money from his hands. - -The younger children were not the only ones provided with schooling. In -the nearest village to Juhani's home an adult school had been recently -established by a big association called the Society for Popular -Education. One half of the time each day was devoted to hand work, one -half to easy conversational lessons in history, literature, science or -any other study that appealed to the particular group gathered together. -All social classes were represented in this school. There were sons of -peasants, servants, shop-keepers. Some of the teachers were paid; others -volunteered their services to help make life more pleasant and useful -for their fellowmen. Among the latter was a rich neighbor who had just -finished a course in one of the big Agriculture Schools of the country -and was looking forward to having a farm of her own. Another teacher was -plainly a university student, for she wore the regulation student cap, -on which a golden lyre was embroidered. Much of the social life of this -community centered about this school. The people came not only to study -and learn but also to enjoy as a relief from hard daily work the -companionship of others. - -FOOTNOTE: - -[1] By the Finnish poet, J. L. Runeberg, from the translation by Anna -Krook. - - - - - -CHAPTER VI - -THE DECEMBER VACATION - - -LONG before the coldest weather came, everything was made ready for a -six or eight months' winter. The double windows were surrounded by -cotton wool and gummed paper to keep out the draughts. The open rafters -of the kitchen now served as a store room. From them hung dried fish, -smoked pork, and even several weeks' supply of rye bread in large hard -cakes with a hole in the middle of each. - -As soon as the December holidays came, parties at neighboring houses -followed each other in quick succession. Sometimes these were ski-ing -parties of school children with the teacher in charge. Sometimes the -older folks gathered, and sometimes whole families. There was always a -dinner, and almost always dancing and the playing of games. - -One day Juhani's whole family went to the home of a friend who lived -fully ten miles distant. It was only about nine in the morning when they -started in two low sleighs. The air was crisp and so still that it did -not seem to stir, the sky intensely blue, as they hurried over -snow-covered roads, past many forests, each tree bright in its pearly -gown; past two farms whose buildings looked strikingly red and bare -against their white background. - -As they neared their destination, a bright-looking boy, accompanied by a -kind of wolf hound, raced up on his skis to meet them. "You're just in -time," he shouted when sufficiently near, "to help me make a fox trap. -An old scamp of a fox has been after our chickens and I mean to get -him." - -"Where are you going to set the trap?" called back Juhani eagerly. - -"I'm going to show you," responded the other, and as Juhani dismounted -from the sleigh, the two made their way to some distance back of the -barn. Here Juhani's friend had everything ready. First he drove a long -stake into the ground. This stake was forked at the end with the central -prong the longest. "Feel the edges," he said to Juhani. - -Juhani did so and almost cut his finger. The edges were as sharp as -knives. - -"I don't understand yet," he said, putting his hand up to his mouth, -"how that can catch a fox." - -"Wait," returned his friend, and running to the barn he soon returned -with bait which he placed at the top. - -"The old fellow will jump at that," he explained, "and catch his paw -between the prongs. You bet it'll hold him fast, too. There are a lot of -them around," he continued as they made their way to the house, "and -we're a good deal put out by them. Grandfather says, however, that it -is nothing to the time when father first moved here. Then there were -wolves and bears. I'd like to meet a bear. Do you remember the lines: - - 'Otso apple of the forest - With thy honey paws so curving'? - -Grandfather says that they used to use charms to help them when they -went hunting. Do you know what he likes to talk about better than bear -hunting? It's seal shooting; perhaps because he did it only once. It -wasn't here, of course, but on the frozen sea. He says he lay flat on a -sled in front of which he had fastened a white sail so that the seal -would take it for a part of the ice around. He pushed the sled with his -feet, and, when near enough, shot." - -"That was when he was a fisherman," conjectured Juhani. - -His friend laughed. "Please don't use the past tense in regard to him. -Why, he's still a fisherman. Only last year he had a fishing adventure -that would make some people's hair rise. You look as if you didn't -believe. Come, I'll get him to tell you about it." - -They found the old man sitting in a sunny workroom mending a basket. He -was quite ready to talk. "I don't belong here," he said, "but to the -east end of the gulf. You say that you want to hear what happened last -spring. Well, a whole camp of us went out together to fish through the -ice. That's done every year. We took tents and firewood and food and -expected to stay a long time. It was all right for a while and we got a -lot of fish. But the spring thaw came earlier than we expected; we had -fellows watching, but they were careless, and the first thing we knew -the ice had cracked and I and one other were carried out to sea on a -great ice floe. Our companions saw us when we were about twelve yards -away, but they couldn't do anything for they hadn't any boats. We -couldn't do anything but let the wind and wave carry us wherever they -wished. I had a bottle of rum in my pocket and a big hunk of hard bread. -My companion had nothing but a plug of tobacco. These three things we -divided and lived on for two days. At last we drifted to firm ice, from -which, stiff as we were, we managed to make our way to the mainland." - -"You don't expect to go this year, do you?" asked Juhani. - -"Yes, I do. Right after the holidays. Why shouldn't I?" asked the old -man sharply. "I wasn't drowned, was I?" - -Right here they were fortunately called into the house. When they -reached it, Juhani at once noticed that it was some one's name day, for -the doors were prettily decorated with boughs. A big meal awaited them -indoors, and here Juhani found that the decorations were in honor of -the mother for her chair was also wreathed. He at once went up to her -and offered his congratulations, which the other members of his family -had had a chance to do before. - -A long time was spent at the table. When the meal was finished each -person went up to the host and hostess, shook hands with them and said -"Tack," thank you. - -Juhani's friend next took him for a visit to the farm's carpenter shop, -where he showed him the posts and gates he was making. "Are you going to -have the shoemaker come to your place this year?" he asked. "We expect -him here next week to make us enough shoes to last the year through. The -tailor isn't coming till January. Two weeks ago we had the harness -maker; I had to help him, and I tell you, I'm glad the harness is -mended." - -Here he thought of something else with which to entertain his guest. -"Why, you haven't seen my new toboggan slide. Let's go quick." - -They stopped at the barn to get a sled and then had several merry rides -down a short but steep hill. This was followed by snow-balling and fancy -ski jumping until time to bid each other good-by. - -A few days following this pleasant visit, Juhani, Maja and the older -sister attended a "Riddle Evening" at the home of a much nearer -neighbor. Here quite a number of young people were gathered, each trying -to be called the Master Riddle Guesser. Whoever couldn't answer three -riddles in succession had to play the fool. He was seated in a chair in -the middle of the room. One of the girls handed over her embroidered -apron and it was tied around his waist. Another took off the kerchief -around her neck and it was put on his head. Still another lent her glass -beads. A saucer was then held over a candle flame until soot collected -and with this his face was painted. The jolly company circled around him -jeering and then forming a procession solemnly escorted him from the -room and bade him study out the answers that he had not been able to -guess. - - - - -CHAPTER VII - -CHRISTMAS WEEK - - -SEVERAL days before Christmas, the whole farmhouse was scrubbed and -cleaned, while bread was baked and ale brewed. - -[Illustration: "SHE CARRIED OUT A BASKET FILLED WITH CRUMBS AND GRAIN"] - -On Christmas Eve little Maja scattered clean straw on all the floors. - -"Don't forget the birds," her older sister cautioned her. - -"As if I would!" responded Maja. Nodding to Juhani, who stood by the -door, she carried out a basket filled with crumbs and grain for the wild -birds and animals. Juhani soon followed her with a sheaf of corn, which -he placed where it would be sure to attract. - -"You haven't forgotten, have you, Juhani," said Maja somewhat -breathlessly as they stood together, "that they all can speak -to-night?" - -Juhani nodded and was silent for a moment. It always took him some time -to get stirred up enough to talk. Then he said slowly, "I've put some of -the food near the door, for 'tis said that if you listen behind it at -night you'll be able to understand what they say. Don't tell, but I'm -going to listen. Wouldn't it be hunky if I found out some secret?" - -"Oh, then I must listen, too!" exclaimed Maja. But her brother did not -like the idea. - -"We'd be found out sure if you did," he said. "Better let me do it alone -and I'll tell you about it to-morrow,--before I tell any one else." - -Maja reluctantly agreed, and the two went indoors where they separated, -each to wrap up presents that they had made and to write the name of the -recipient together with an appropriate verse or sentence on an attached -paper. These were placed in the front room from which they mysteriously -disappeared while the family were having their supper of rice porridge -and _lut fisk_ (stock fish), prepared in a way peculiar to the country. - -After supper all seated themselves near the big stove and were very -still with their eyes on the door. Presently a loud knock came. -"Welcome! Welcome!" every one shouted. - -The door opened and Father Christmas dressed as a Yule Goat entered. He -carried a basket filled with gifts, and as he took one after another up -he first read the recipient's name, then the attached verse, some of -which were so funny that they caused much laughter. No one was left out. -The servants, who were all present, smiled happily at having been -remembered so generously, and even the big dog came in for his share -which was a piece of meat wrapped securely in paper. - -When bed time came, the children prepared to go to sleep on straw in -memory of the Christ Child. Maja looked regretfully after Juhani, who -had received permission from his mother to have the straw for him -placed that night on the kitchen floor. - -In the morning all rose early, Maja and Juhani running into the front -room to see "Heaven," a framework hung from the ceiling and made up of -threads and yarn and straws and decorated with gilt stars. It was lit by -a candle and seemed very beautiful to both of them, much to the -satisfaction of the older sister, who had followed them, and whose work -it was. - -Long before six o'clock a visit had been paid to all the farm animals, -and a supply of food and some dainty given each. Candles were then -placed in all the windows, and putting on their heavy coats, their caps -with ear flappers, and their heavy boots, they all piled into sleighs -and were off to church. - -It was very dark much of the way. Indeed it would be fortunate if the -sun shone for five or six hours before night. They did not mind the -dark, for they were not alone. From all sides people came, either on -skis or in sleighs. - -After the service there was a race of skis and sleighs homewards over -the frozen lake in eager anticipation of the Christmas dinner, whose -chief dish, Maja whispered to Juhani, was to be a big ham. It was not -until they were home again that she found a chance to corner Juhani by -himself and demand eagerly: "What did they say?" - -Juhani looked curiously at her. "I listened last night," he said slowly, -"for a long time but I didn't hear any animal or bird speak." Then, -seeing Maja's disappointed face, he added quickly, "There are other -things one can do. You know Esko's grandmother. Well, she once saw a -great assembly of snakes on a hill near Impivaare. She knows all about -snakes. She says that if you can kill an old adder and eat him just -before the first cuckoo, ever after that you'll understand the language -of birds and know all sorts of things." - -Maja shuddered. "You wouldn't do that, would you?" she asked -appealingly. - -Juhani looked at her for a moment, and then, unable to withstand the -temptation to tease her, said, "Why not?" and ran away. - -Before New Year's with its special significance came, a guest arrived -from Helsingfors. It was Juhani and Maja's aunt, a woman who had -achieved some renown in the Capital as an architect. - -They enjoyed her vivid descriptions of how the snow there was daily -shoveled from the pavements, and how when you step on what remains it -screams: "A hard winter! A hard winter!" - -"We haven't gone in for as much ice yachting as usual," she remarked, -rather sadly, the children thought. "The times are too unsettled." - -"Tell us about the yachting," urged Maja, seeing the look of interest in -Juhani's face, and knowing his slowness in asking for what he wanted. - -"I know nothing more thrilling," the aunt returned, smiling, "than lying -flat on your stomach on an ice yacht in motion. The yacht may take -little leaps so that at times it seems to you as if it were about to -fly. Then you rush madly at something and prepare yourself surely for a -smash, but just in time the yacht swerves and you are safe to fly some -more. In a sense you do fly, for when the wind is strong the yacht is -sometimes lifted high into the air. When it comes down you feel as if -the world were coming to an end. It would have been fine for ice -yachting this year, for we had black ice." - -"What is that?" asked Maja. - -"I know," broke in Juhani unexpectedly. "It is when the ice forms before -snow falls." - -His aunt nodded. "Yes; then the water looks like a mirror and it is -much smoother than when covered with snow." - -"Did you come direct from Helsingfors?" asked Lilja after a pause. - -"No," replied the aunt. "I had to go first to Viborg." And she described -to them the famous Saima Canal, one of the many canals of the country -which starts from there. It is built of Finnish granite and took eleven -years to complete. "It goes," she said, "to Saima Lake, called the lake -of a thousand islands, the most important lake of Finland. This lake is -about three hundred feet above the sea level, so that the vessels on the -canal have to be raised by locks. There are at least twenty-eight of -these. I once saw three steamers on it and they looked as if they were -walking up stairs. We mustn't forget that this canal is one of the good -things that we owe to the Russians. It probably would not have been -constructed but for the interest of Tzar Nicolas I, during whose reign -it was begun. Viborg seems to be made up of Russian soldiers, which of -course is no wonder, since it is the nearest town to the Russian -frontier." - -She seemed inclined to say more but evidently thought better of it for -she changed the conversation. "Some friends with whom I had dinner at -Viborg told me a story that will interest you. It was regarding a -relative that they called Pekka (Peter) and who for a while lived in the -Castle of Olafsborg in the quaint town of Nyslott. It happened in this -way. He came to Nyslott to attend the Musical Festival held there in the -summer. The town was crowded and he despaired of getting a bed when he -ran across an acquaintance to whom he told his troubles. - -"'Unfortunately,' said the latter, 'I am a stranger here. I don't know a -person,--except the watchman who has charge of the Castle.' - -"The relative is of a somewhat romantic turn of mind. 'Excellent!' he -said. 'Just the thing. Let's go over at once and hire a room from the -watchman.' - -"'Do you mean,' said his acquaintance incredulously, 'that you're -willing to stay in a ruined castle--probably haunted--all night?' - -"But the young man was stubborn, and the two secured a boat and rowed -over to the Castle. Nyslott is built on islands but the castle has one -of its own. When they landed they found the watchman, who, after some -hesitation, offered the stranger his own room, which was in a separate -little building put up for his benefit. - -"But Pekka would not have it so. 'I'd rather you'd fix me up something -in the castle itself.' The watchman thought this a joke and proposed -that they wander through the building to find a place that would suit. - -"So they started. Everything looked very ancient, for the castle dates -back to 1475. They went through queer passages where the walls were -sometimes fifteen feet thick, under arches, up winding stairs, down -again, into cellars and dungeons and ruined chambers. At last they came -to the Hall of Knights, a long, dimly lighted room. The walls had fallen -here to enclose partly a little space that was still roofed over. - -"'This shall be my lodging place,' declared the young man. 'Are you -serious?' asked the watchman. - -"'I certainly am,' answered Pekka, putting some money in the watchman's -hand. The watchman thought for a while. 'I shall have to see the -authorities,' he said at last. - -"'I'll wait here,' said Pekka, and wait he did. - -"When the guardian of the place returned he was all smiles. 'All right,' -he said and set to work clearing the space. Then he brought rugs and a -big fur coat on which the man could sleep. - -"The weather was warm and the bed couldn't have been very uncomfortable, -for Pekka stayed there three nights. He declared afterwards that he -dreamt wonderful dreams of the time when three races, the Swedes, the -Russians and the Finns, struggled for the possession of this spot. One -night he awoke shouting: 'The enemy! the enemy!' and then found that the -invaders were only some of the many bats, who thought that they had a -better right than he to this castle home." - -Here the aunt brought forth some interesting photographs which she had -taken at Helsingfors. One was an active scene at the open air market -when the autumn sailing fleet came to sell winter provisions. It showed -the peasant carts and the bright stalls covered with white awnings and -blue umbrellas, the market women in gay attire, the butchers in bright -pink coats or blouses, and the boats laden with fruit and vegetables, -kegs of salted fish, and honey. There was also a picture taken earlier -in the year, showing one of the principal harbors with crafts of every -shape and size. There were enormous passenger boats, little market boats -rowed by bare-armed women, small pleasure yachts, big timber ships with -red brown sails, and a group of white Russian war vessels. - -She had pictures, too, in which the older members of the family were -interested, showing two very distinct styles of architecture to be found -in Helsingfors. One was of a group of fine modern buildings on a broad -street called the Myntgatan. They were of gray stone, six or seven -stories high, dignified and well proportioned, with carefully selected -classical decorations. In contrast to this, she produced photographs of -other buildings of decided Finnish individuality. These buildings -showed great variety, being of rough granite or brick, with tiled roofs, -unusual balconies and porticos, fantastic plaster decorations, such as a -group of frogs, a procession of swimming swans, a bunch of carrots and -turnips, or a savage animal head. - -Another group of pictures showed the types of work done by Helsingfors -women. In one of these a number of women were cleaning the streets, -using immense brooms for the sweeping. In one, they were washing clothes -on platforms built out into the sea. In still another, several stood on -a scaffold, plastering a house, while three others were at work -constructing a door. - -Of all the pictures Maja liked best a view of the statue of Runeberg, -the national poet, showing how it was decorated with flowers and laurels -on the anniversary of his birthday. Juhani was attracted more -particularly to a picture of a magnificent horse harnessed to a sleigh, -his loins covered with a cloak coming far down to keep out the cold. - -The aunt presented these to the children. "Our people are kind to their -horses," she said to Juhani; then turning to Maja: "On Runeberg's -birthday not only is his statue in the square decorated, but all houses -are lit up to show he is remembered, while in every restaurant people -give festal dinners in his honor." - -Then the aunt brought forth something that the children appreciated -still more than the pictures. It was a sort of cake, especially peculiar -to Viborg, made in the form of a lover's knot, and it had been baked on -straw, some of which still stuck to the bottom. - - - - -CHAPTER VIII - -SUMMER TIME - - -IN April the melting snow and ice showed that spring was on the way. How -dirty and muddy it was everywhere! Instead of skis, the children had to -wade to school in well greased boots. - -New kinds of festivities took the place of the old. At Easter time eggs -were painted and the family feasted on _memma_, a dish of boiled -sweetened malt, eaten with cream and sugar. - -On the first of May big swings were erected in the grove near the church -and there the people gathered from a considerable distance, the children -to swing and frolic, and their elders to listen to the singing of runes, -some so ancient that the meaning was no longer plain, or to speeches -welcoming the return of spring. - -"Let's play! Let's play!" the children shouted as if they hadn't also -played in the winter. Play they did. Sometimes it was "Last Pair Out." -In this the boys and girls formed pairs and stood behind each other. At -a signal the last couples separated, each going on different sides of -the line and trying to unite in front before being caught by the one who -was "It." They danced "To-day is the First of May" in a double circle, -and the "Ring Dance" to which they sang: - - My love is like a strawberry, - So red and sweet is she: - And no one else may swing her round, - No one else 'cept me. - -There was one little girl who was quite a leader in the games. Perhaps -the reason was the enthusiastic way in which she played. She seemed to -have two favorites: "Hide and Seek," in which the children counted out -to see who was to be "It," and "Wolf." Both boys and girls played the -latter as they did most of the other games. Juhani was the first to be -the "Wolf," to the apparent joy of the leader, who took particular -delight in teasing and escaping from him until he just ran her down and -caught her. - -Maja did not play this. She had found some children younger than herself -whom she joined in making miniature farms out of stones and sand. The -first building which she erected was not the dwelling-house but the -_Sauna_ or bath-house. Then followed the other farm buildings, and last -the cattle had stones carefully selected for them. - -The spring, ushered in with such hearty welcome, went with a surprising -swiftness, and summer arrived with intense blue skies and floods of -sunshine and flowers. This was the time of the white nights,--a happy -holiday time,--when the sun shines for more than eighteen hours at a -time and for the remainder of the twenty-four leaves generously its -reflection behind. - -[Illustration: "WOUND COLORED YARN AROUND THE RYE STALKS"] - -During this springtime weather Maja saw that there were fresh wild -flowers--pansies, lilies of the valley, lilacs, or wild roses--daily in -the living-room. She loved the spring particularly for these. "How I -love the flowers!" she would exclaim enthusiastically to Juhani whenever -she found a new one. - -Juhani would smile slowly, look thoughtfully into the distance, and -after a pause return: "I like the spring for many things, but best I -think for the change in the forest." Maja knew that he meant the new -bits of sunshine everywhere and the new growth of needles that glistened -so green against the background of the dark pines, and all the new bird -calls to be heard there. - -In June the schools closed, and for a while nothing was talked of but -the preparations for the great midsummer festival to be held on June -twenty-fourth, John the Baptist Day. - -There seemed no end of things to be done to show gladness. Maja wove -garlands of flowers, while Juhani and his friends cut down great -branches of birch trees in the forest, with which to decorate the -houses. Lilja and her girl friends were also busy. They went to the -fields and wound colored yarn around the rye stalks, arranging them to -indicate joy and sorrow, love and hate. Before the grain was harvested -these marked stalks would be found and the year's fortune foretold -according to which was highest. - -Big bonfires, called _kokko_, were lit on all the highest points, and -also on rafts on the lake in honor of the Sun. These were kept burning -for twenty-four hours, for it is considered unlucky for them to go out -sooner. Around these the people gathered to dance, many of them coming -from a distance in farm carts trimmed with birch and filled with hay. -There was a feast, too, of warm soup, cold salmon, and fancy cakes. The -swings must not be forgotten. Several of them had been erected and not -merely for the children. On some, young men and women swung together, -while they sang the beautiful melancholy songs about this beautiful -fleeting time. - -During this season tourists invaded the country districts, some on their -way to Aavasaksa Hill where the sun can then be seen at midnight, -shedding gray, faintly luminous rays. Among those who came were many -Russians of the wealthy and middle classes. - -It was not all play. There was much, very much hard work in which the -children all had their set tasks. Juhani had to drive the cattle through -the woodlands, assist Lilja with the milking, and help make hay. Maja -had to gather berries, of which there was a great abundance. It is true -there were compensations for all these tasks. If children had to gather -berries, they could also eat big bowls of them with thick cream added, -at every meal. Some of the berries Maja gathered she sold to passengers -on the lake steamers. When she intended doing so, she made birch baskets -for them by stripping off a foot square of bark and bending it into the -shape of a box without a lid, then sewing the sides with twigs. - -She had also to gather sacks full of _luikku_, a soft white cotton -flower with an odd perfume, to be used for stuffing the family pillows. - -Although it was vacation there was one school task that all the children -had to do or cared to do. It was gathering, pressing, and mounting as -many as possible of the numerous wild flowers everywhere found in the -woods and fields. The best presented at the beginning of the school term -were always put on exhibition. - -The only disagreeable part of the warm weather was the annoyance from -mosquitoes. This made it necessary to light smoldering fires for the -protection of the cattle who seemed to appreciate the fires, for without -being driven they would cluster around them. Twigs of juniper were -burned in the house for the same purpose. It was not always easy to get -juniper, for it grows only in clay soil and Maja and her friends -sometimes had a long tramp after it. - -Once, remembering the story of the Lapp children, Juhani smeared tar all -over his face and hands and then teased Maja by threatening to put some -on her too. - -After July, the long magic days grew shorter, and when the days and -nights were again almost equal, the children found themselves planning -what they would do when school reopened. - - -THE END - - - - -Selections from L. C. Page & Company's Books for Young People - - - - -THE BLUE BONNET SERIES - - - _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_ $ 2.00 - _The seven volumes, boxed as a set_ 14.00 - - -=A TEXAS BLUE BONNET= - -By CAROLINE E. JACOBS. - - -=BLUE BONNET'S RANCH PARTY= - -By CAROLINE E. JACOBS AND EDYTH ELLERBECK READ. - - -=BLUE BONNET IN BOSTON= - -By CAROLINE E. JACOBS AND LELA HORN RICHARDS. - - -=BLUE BONNET KEEPS HOUSE= - -By CAROLINE E. JACOBS AND LELA HORN RICHARDS. - - -=BLUE BONNET--DÉBUTANTE= - -By LELA HORN RICHARDS. - - -=BLUE BONNET OF THE SEVEN STARS= - -By LELA HORN RICHARDS. - - -=BLUE BONNET'S FAMILY= - -By LELA HORN RICHARDS. - - "Blue Bonnet has the very finest kind of wholesome, - honest, lively girlishness and cannot but make friends - with every one who meets her through these books about - her."--_Chicago Inter-Ocean._ - - "Blue Bonnet and her companions are real girls, the - kind that one would like to have in one's home."--_New - York Sun._ - - - - -THE HENRIETTA SERIES - -By LELA HORN RICHARDS - - - _Each one volume, 12mo, illustrated_ $1.90 - - -=ONLY HENRIETTA= - - "It is an inspiring story of the unfolding of life for - a young girl--a story in which there is plenty of - action to hold interest and wealth of delicate - sympathy and understanding that appeals to the hearts - of young and old."--_Pittsburgh Leader._ - - -=HENRIETTA'S INHERITANCE= - - "One of the most noteworthy stories for girls issued - this season. The life of Henrietta is made very real, - and there is enough incident in the narrative to balance - the delightful characterization."--_Providence Journal._ - - - - -STORIES BY I. M. B. OF K. - - - _Each one volume, 12mo, illustrated_ $1.75 - - -=THE YOUNG KNIGHT= - - The clash of broad-sword on buckler, the twanging of - bow-strings and the cracking of spears splintered by - whirling maces resound through this stirring tale of - knightly daring-do. - - -=THE YOUNG CAVALIERS= - - "There have been many scores of books written about - the Charles Stuarts of England, but never a merrier - and more pathetic one than 'The Young - Cavaliers.'"--_Family Herald._ - - -=THE KING'S MINSTREL= - - "The interesting situations are numerous, and the - spirit of the hero is one of courage, devotion and - resource."--_Columbus Dispatch._ - - "It is told with spirit and action."--_Buffalo - Express._ - - "The story will please all those who read it, and will - be of particular interest for the boys for whom it was - intended. It is a tale of devotion to an ideal of - service and as such will appeal to youth."--_Portage - Register-Democrat._ - - "There is a lofty ideal throughout, some court - intrigue, a smattering of the decadence of the old - church heads, and a readable story."--_Middletown - Press._ - - - - -THE BOYS' STORY OF THE RAILROAD SERIES - -By BURTON E. STEVENSON - - _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated_, $1.75 - - -=THE YOUNG SECTION-HAND=; OR, THE ADVENTURES OF ALLAN WEST. - -"The whole range of section railroading is covered in the -story."--_Chicago Post._ - - -=THE YOUNG TRAIN DISPATCHER= - -"A vivacious account of the varied and often hazardous nature of -railroad life."--_Congregationalist._ - - -=THE YOUNG TRAIN MASTER= - -"It is a book that can be unreservedly commended to anyone who loves a -good, wholesome, thrilling, informing yarn."--_Passaic News._ - - -=THE YOUNG APPRENTICE=; OR, ALLAN WEST'S CHUM. - -"The story is intensely interesting."--_Baltimore Sun._ - - - -THE DAYS OF CHIVALRY SERIES - -Of Worth While Classics for Boys and Girls - -_Revised and Edited for the Modern Reader_ - - _Each large 12mo, illustrated and with a poster - jacket in full color_ $2.00 - -=THE DAYS OF CHIVALRY= By W. H. DAVENPORT ADAMS. - -=THE CHAPLET OF PEARLS= By C. M. YONGE. - -=ERLING THE BOLD= By R. M. BALLANTYNE. - -=WINNING HIS KNIGHTHOOD=; OR, THE ADVENTURES OF RAOULF DE GYSSAGE. - -By H. TURING BRUCE. - -"Tales which ring to the clanking of armour, tales of marches and -counter-marches, tales of wars, but tales which bring peace; a peace and -contentment in the knowledge that right, even in the darkest times, has -survived and conquered."--_Portland Evening Express._ - - - - -BARBARA WINTHROP SERIES - -By HELEN KATHERINE BROUGHALL - - _Each one volume, cloth decorative, 12mo, illustrated_ $2.00 - - -=BARBARA WINTHROP AT BOARDING SCHOOL= - -=BARBARA WINTHROP AT CAMP= - -=BARBARA WINTHROP: GRADUATE= - -=BARBARA WINTHROP ABROAD= - -"Full of adventure--initiations, joys, picnics, parties, tragedies, -vacation and all. Just what girls like, books in which 'dreams come -true,' entertaining 'gossipy' books overflowing with conversation."--_Salt -Lake City Deseret News._ - -"High ideals and a real spirit of fun underlie the stories. They will be -a decided addition to the bookshelves of the young girl for whom a -holiday gift is contemplated."--_Los Angeles Saturday Night._ - - -DOCTOR'S LITTLE GIRL SERIES - -By MARION AMES TAGGART - - Each large 12mo, cloth, illustrated, per volume, $1.75 - - -=THE DOCTOR'S LITTLE GIRL= - - "A charming story of the ups and downs of the life of - a dear little maid."--_The Churchman._ - - -=SWEET NANCY=: THE FURTHER ADVENTURES OF THE DOCTOR'S LITTLE GIRL. - - "Just the sort of book to amuse, while its influence - cannot but be elevating."--_New York Sun._ - - -=NANCY, THE DOCTOR'S LITTLE PARTNER= - - "The story is sweet and fascinating, such as many - girls of wholesome tastes will enjoy."--_Springfield - Union._ - - -=NANCY PORTER'S OPPORTUNITY= - - "Nancy shows throughout that she is a splendid young - woman, with plenty of pluck."--_Boston Globe._ - - -=NANCY AND THE COGGS TWINS= - - "The story is refreshing."--_New York Sun._ - - - - -THE PEGGY RAYMOND SERIES - -By HARRIET LUMMIS SMITH - - _Each one volume, cloth, decorative, 12mo, - illustrated, per volume_ $1.75 - - -=PEGGY RAYMOND'S SUCCESS=; OR, THE GIRLS OF FRIENDLY TERRACE. - - "It is a book that cheers, that inspires to higher - thinking; it knits hearts; it unfolds neighborhood - plans in a way that makes one tingle to try carrying - them out, and most of all it proves that in daily - life, threads of wonderful issues are being woven in - with what appears the most ordinary of material, but - which in the end brings results stranger than the most - thrilling fiction."--_Belle Kellogg Towne in The Young - People's Weekly, Chicago._ - - -=PEGGY RAYMOND'S VACATION= - - "It is a clean, wholesome, hearty story, well told and - full of incident. It carries one through experiences - that hearten and brighten the day."--_Utica, N. Y., - Observer._ - - -=PEGGY RAYMOND'S SCHOOL DAYS= - - "It is a bright, entertaining story, with happy girls, - good times, natural development, and a gentle - earnestness of general tone."--_The Christian - Register, Boston._ - - -=PEGGY RAYMOND'S FRIENDLY TERRACE QUARTETTE= - - "The story is told in easy and entertaining style and - is a most delightful narrative, especially for young - people. It will also make the older readers feel - younger, for while reading it they will surely live - again in the days of their youth."--_Troy Budget._ - - -=PEGGY RAYMOND'S WAY= - - "The author has again produced a story that is replete - with wholesome incidents and makes Peggy more lovable - than ever as a companion and leader."--_World of - Books._ - - - - -FAMOUS LEADERS SERIES - -By CHARLES H. L. JOHNSTON - - _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per - volume_ (_unless otherwise stated_) $2.00 - - -=FAMOUS CAVALRY LEADERS= - -"More of such books should be written, books that acquaint young readers -with historical personages in a pleasant, informal way."--_New York -Sun._ - - -=FAMOUS INDIAN CHIEFS= - -"Mr. Johnston has done faithful work in this volume, and his relation of -battles, sieges and struggles of these famous Indians with the whites -for the possession of America is a worthy addition to United States -History."--_New York Marine Journal._ - - -=FAMOUS SCOUTS= - -"It is the kind of a book that will have a great fascination for boys -and young men."--_New London Day._ - - -=FAMOUS PRIVATEERSMEN AND ADVENTURERS OF THE SEA= - -"The tales are more than merely interesting; they are entrancing, -stirring the blood with thrilling force."--_Pittsburgh Post._ - - -=FAMOUS FRONTIERSMEN AND HEROES OF THE BORDER= - -"The accounts are not only authentic, but distinctly readable, making a -book of wide appeal to all who love the history of actual -adventure."--_Cleveland Leader._ - - -=FAMOUS DISCOVERERS AND EXPLORERS OF AMERICA= - -"The book is an epitome of some of the wildest and bravest adventures of -which the world has known."--_Brooklyn Daily Eagle._ - - -=FAMOUS GENERALS OF THE GREAT WAR= - -Who Led the United States and Her Allies to a Glorious Victory. - -"The pages of this book have the charm of romance without its unreality. -The book illuminates, with life-like portraits, the history of the World -War."--_Rochester Post Express._ - - - - -=FAMOUS AMERICAN ATHLETES OF TODAY= - - Cloth 12mo, illustrated from specially autographed - photographs $2.50 - -"From Lindy to Bobby Jones, including Helen and Trudy, they are all -here--and a right fine company they are. We are not acquainted with -anyone who will not enjoy these fascinating stories of virile -people."--_Monthly Book Talk._ - - -By EDWIN WILDMAN - -=THE FOUNDERS OF AMERICA= (Lives of Great Americans from the Revolution -to the Monroe Doctrine) - -=THE BUILDERS OF AMERICA= (Lives of Great Americans from the Monroe -Doctrine to the Civil War) - - -=FAMOUS LEADERS OF CHARACTER= (Lives of Great Americans from the Civil -War to Today) - - -=FAMOUS LEADERS OF INDUSTRY.=--First Series - - -=FAMOUS LEADERS OF INDUSTRY.=--Second Series - -"These biographies drive home the truth that just as every soldier of -Napoleon carried a marshal's baton in his knapsack, so every American -youngster carries potential success under his hat."--_New York World._ - - -By CHARLES LEE LEWIS - -_Professor, United States Naval Academy, Annapolis_ - -=FAMOUS AMERICAN NAVAL OFFICERS= With a complete index. - -"In connection with the life of John Paul Jones, Stephen Decatur, and -other famous naval officers, he groups the events of the period in which -the officer distinguished himself, and combines the whole into a -colorful and stirring narrative."--_Boston Herald._ - - - - -STORIES BY EVALEEN STEIN - - _Each one volume, 12mo, illustrated_ $1.65 - - -=GABRIEL AND THE HOUR BOOK= - -=A LITTLE SHEPHERD OF PROVENCE= - -=THE CHRISTMAS PORRINGER= - -=THE LITTLE COUNT OF NORMANDY= - -=PEPIN: A Tale of Twelfth Night= - -=CHILDREN'S STORIES= - -=THE CIRCUS DWARF STORIES= - -=WHEN FAIRIES WERE FRIENDLY= - - -=TROUBADOUR TALES= - -"No works in juvenile fiction contain so many of the elements that stir -the hearts of children and grown-ups as well as do the stories so -admirably told by this author."--_Louisville Daily Courier._ - -"Evaleen Stein's stories are music in prose--they are like pearls on a -chain of gold--each word seems exactly the right word in the right -place; the stories sing themselves out, they are so beautifully -expressed."--_The Lafayette Leader._ - - - - -MINUTE BOYS SERIES - -BY JAMES OTIS AND EDWARD STRATEMEYER - - _Each one volume, cloth decorative, 12mo, fully - illustrated, per volume_ $1.50 - - -This series of books for boys needs no recommendation. We venture to say -that there are few boys of any age in this broad land who do not know -and love both these authors and their stirring tales. - -These books, as shown by their titles, deal with periods in the history -of the development of our great country which are of exceeding interest -to every patriotic American boy--and girl. Places and personages of -historical interest are here presented to the young reader in story -form, and a great deal of real information is unconsciously gathered. - - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF PHILADELPHIA= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF BOSTON= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF NEW YORK CITY= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF LONG ISLAND= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF SOUTH CAROLINA= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF THE WYOMING VALLEY= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF THE MOHAWK VALLEY= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF THE GREEN MOUNTAINS= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF BUNKER HILL= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF LEXINGTON= - -=THE MINUTE BOYS OF YORKTOWN= - - - - -THE YOUNG PIONEER SERIES - -BY HARRISON ADAMS - - _Each 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume_ $1.65 - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE OHIO=; OR, CLEARING THE WILDERNESS. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS ON THE GREAT LAKES=; OR, ON THE TRAIL OF THE IROQUOIS. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE MISSISSIPPI=; OR, THE HOMESTEAD IN THE -WILDERNESS. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE MISSOURI=; OR, IN THE COUNTRY OF THE SIOUX. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE YELLOWSTONE=; OR, LOST IN THE LAND OF WONDERS. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE COLUMBIA=; OR, IN THE WILDERNESS OF THE GREAT -NORTHWEST. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF THE COLORADO=; OR, BRAVING THE PERILS OF THE GRAND -CANYON COUNTRY. - - -=THE PIONEER BOYS OF KANSAS=; OR, A PRAIRIE HOME IN BUFFALO LAND. - -"Such books as these are an admirable means of stimulating among the -young Americans of to-day interest in the story of their pioneer -ancestors and the early days of the Republic."--_Boston Globe._ - -"Not only interesting, but instructive as well and shows the sterling -type of character which these days of self-reliance and trial -produced."--_American Tourist, Chicago._ - -"The stories are full of spirited action and contain much valuable -historical information. Just the sort of reading a boy will enjoy -immensely."--_Boston Herald._ - - - - -HILDEGARDE-MARGARET SERIES - -BY LAURA E. RICHARDS - -Eleven Volumes - - -The Hildegarde-Margaret Series, beginning with "Queen Hildegarde" and -ending with "The Merryweathers," make one of the best and most popular -series of books for girls ever written. - - _Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, - per volume_ $1.75 - _The eleven volumes boxed as a set_ $19.25 - - -LIST OF TITLES - -=QUEEN HILDEGARDE= - -=HILDEGARDE'S HOLIDAY= - -=HILDEGARDE'S HOME= - -=HILDEGARDE'S NEIGHBORS= - -=HILDEGARDE'S HARVEST= - -=THREE MARGARETS= - -=MARGARET MONTFORT= - -=PEGGY= - -=RITA= - -=FERNLEY HOUSE= - -=THE MERRYWEATHERS= - - - - -HONOR BRIGHT SERIES - -BY LAURA E. RICHARDS - - _Each one volume, cloth decorative, 12mo, illustrated_ $1.75 - - -=HONOR BRIGHT= - -"This is a story that rings as true and honest as the name of the young -heroine--Honor--and not only the young girls, but the old ones will find -much to admire and to commend in the beautiful character of -Honor."--_Constitution, Atlanta, Ga._ - - -=HONOR BRIGHT'S NEW ADVENTURE= - -"Girls will love the story and it has plot enough to interest the older -reader as well."--_St. Louis Daily Globe-Democrat._ - - - - -DELIGHTFUL BOOKS FOR LITTLE FOLKS - -By LAURA E. RICHARDS - - -=THREE MINUTE STORIES= - - _Cloth decorative, 12mo, with eight plates in full color - and many text illustrations_ $1.75 - -"Little ones will understand and delight in the stories and -poems."--_Indianapolis News._ - - -=FIVE MINUTE STORIES= - - _Cloth decorative, square 12mo, illustrated_ $1.75 - -A charming collection of short stories and clever poems for children. - - -=MORE FIVE MINUTE STORIES= - - _Cloth decorative, square 12mo, illustrated_ $1.75 - -A noteworthy collection of short stories and poems for children, which -will prove as popular with mothers as with boys and girls. - - - - -THE LITTLE COLONEL BOOKS - -(Trade Mark) - - - -BY ANNIE FELLOWS JOHNSTON - - Each large 12mo, cloth, illustrated, per volume. $2.00 - - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL STORIES= - (Trade Mark) - -Being three "Little Colonel" stories in the Cosy Corner Series, "The -Little Colonel," "Two Little Knights of Kentucky," and "The Giant -Scissors," in a single volume. - - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S HOUSE PARTY= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S HOLIDAYS= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S HERO= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL AT BOARDING-SCHOOL= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL IN ARIZONA= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S CHRISTMAS VACATION= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL, MAID OF HONOR= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S KNIGHT COMES RIDING= - (Trade Mark) - - =THE LITTLE COLONEL'S CHUM, MARY WARE= - (Trade Mark) - - =MARY WARE IN TEXAS= - - =MARY WARE'S PROMISED LAND= - -_These twelve volumes, boxed as a set, $24.00._ - - -=THE ROAD OF THE LOVING HEART= - - _Cloth decorative, with special designs and illustrations_ $1.25 - -In choosing her title, Mrs. Johnston had in mind "The Road of the Loving -Heart," that famous highway, built by the natives of Hawaii, from their -settlement to the home of Robert Louis Stevenson, as a memorial of their -love and respect for the man who lived and labored among them, and whose -example of a loving heart has never been forgotten. This story of a -little princess and her faithful pet bear, who finally do discover "The -Road of the Loving Heart," is a masterpiece of sympathy and -understanding and beautiful thought. - - - - -THE JOHNSTON JEWEL SERIES - - _Each small 16mo, decorative boards, per volume_ $0.75 - - -=IN THE DESERT OF WAITING=: THE LEGEND OF CAMELBACK MOUNTAIN. - - -THE THREE WEAVERS: A FAIRY TALE FOR FATHERS AND MOTHERS AS WELL AS FOR -THEIR DAUGHTERS. - - -=KEEPING TRYST=: A TALE OF KING ARTHUR'S TIME. - - -=THE LEGEND OF THE BLEEDING HEART= - - -=THE RESCUE OF PRINCESS WINSOME=: A FAIRY PLAY FOR OLD AND YOUNG. - - -=THE JESTER'S SWORD= - - -=THE LITTLE COLONEL'S GOOD TIMES BOOK= - - Uniform in size with the Little Colonel Series $2.50 - Bound in white kid (morocco) and gold 6.00 - -Cover design and decorations by Peter Verberg. - -"A mighty attractive volume in which the owner may record the good times -she has on decorated pages, and under the directions as it were of Annie -Fellows Johnston."--_Buffalo Express._ - - - - -THE SANDMAN SERIES - - Each large 12mo, cloth decorative, illustrated, per volume $1.75 - -BY WILLIAM J. HOPKINS - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS FARM STORIES. - -"Mothers and fathers and kind elder sisters who take the little ones to -bed and rack their brains for stories will find this book a -treasure."--_Cleveland Leader._ - - -=THE SANDMAN=: MORE FARM STORIES. - -"Children will call for these stories over and over again."--_Chicago -Evening Post._ - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS SHIP STORIES. - -"Little ones will understand and delight in the stories and their -parents will read between the lines and recognize the poetic and -artistic work of the author."--_Indianapolis News._ - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS SEA STORIES. - -"Once upon a time there was a man who knew little children and the kind -of stories they liked, so he wrote four books of Sandman's stories, all -about the farm or the sea, and the brig _Industry_, and this book is one -of them."--_Canadian Congregationalist._ - - -BY JENNY WALLIS - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS SONGS AND RHYMES. - -"Here is a fine collection of poems for mothers and friends to use at -the twilight hour. They are not of the soporific kind especially. They -are wholesome reading when most wide-awake and of such a soothing and -delicious flavor that they are welcome when the lights are -low."--_Christian Intelligencer._ - - -BY HELEN I. CASTELLA - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS FAIRY STORIES. - -This time the Sandman comes in person, and takes little Joyce, who -believes in him, to the wonderful land of Nod. There they procure pots -and pans from the pansy bed, a goose from the gooseberry bush, a chick -from the chickweed, corn from the cornflower, and eat on a box from the -boxwood hedge. They have almost as many adventures as Alice in -Wonderland. - - -By HARRY W. FREES - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS ANIMAL STORIES. - -"The simplicity of the stories and the fascinating manner in which they -are written make them an excellent night-cap for the youngster who is -easily excited into wakefulness."--_Pittsburgh Leader._ - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS KITTYCAT STORIES. - -"The Sandman is a wonderful fellow. First he told farm stories, then -ship stories, then sea stories. And now he tells stories about the -kittens and the fun they had in Kittycat Town. A strange thing about -these kittens is the ability to talk, work and play like boys and girls, -and that is why all of the little tots will like the Sandman's -book."--_Pittsburgh Chronicle Telegraph._ - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS BUNNY STORIES. - -"The whole book is filled with one tale after another and is narrated in -such a pleasing manner as to reach the heart of every child."--_Common -Sense, Chicago._ - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS PUPPY STORIES. - -Another volume of Mr. Frees' inimitable stories for tiny tots, this time -about the "doggie mothers who lived with their puppies" on the other -side of Kitty-way lane in Animal Land. The illustrations are from -photographs posed by the author with the same appeal which has -characterized his previous pictures. - - -By W. S. PHILLIPS - -(EL COMANCHO) - - -=THE SANDMAN=: HIS INDIAN STORIES. - -The Indian tales for this Celebrated Series of Children's Bedtime -Stories have been written by a man who has Indian blood, who spent years -of his life among the Redmen, in one of the tribes of which he is an -honored member, and who is an expert interpreter of the Indian viewpoint -and a practised authority on Indians as well as a master teller of -tales. - - - - -THE MARJORY-JOE SERIES - -By ALICE E. ALLEN - - _Each one volume, cloth decorative, 12mo, illustrated, - per volume_ $1.50 - - -=JOE, THE CIRCUS BOY AND ROSEMARY= - -These are two of Miss Allen's earliest and most successful stories, -combined in a single volume to meet the insistent demands from young -people for these two particular tales. - - -=THE MARTIE TWINS=: Continuing the Adventures of Joe, the Circus Boy - -"The chief charm of the story is that it contains so much of human -nature. It is so real that it touches the heart strings."--_New York -Standard._ - - -=MARJORY, THE CIRCUS GIRL= - -A sequel to "Joe, the Circus Boy," and "The Martie Twins." - - -=MARJORY AT THE WILLOWS= - -Continuing the story of Marjory, the Circus Girl. - - -"Miss Allen does not write impossible stories, but delightfully pins her -little folk right down to this life of ours, in which she ranges -vigorously and delightfully."--_Boston Ideas._ - - -=MARJORY'S HOUSE PARTY=: Or, What Happened at Clover Patch - -"Miss Allen certainly knows how to please the children and tells them -stories that never fail to charm."--_Madison Courier._ - - -=MARJORY'S DISCOVERY= - -This new addition to the popular MARJORY-JOE SERIES is as lovable and -original as any of the other creations of this writer of charming -stories. We get little peeps at the precious twins, at the healthy -minded Joe and sweet Marjory. There is a bungalow party, which lasts the -entire summer, in which all of the characters of the previous -MARJORY-JOE stories participate, and their happy times are delightfully -depicted. - - - - -THE LITTLE COUSIN SERIES - -(TRADE MARK) - - - Cloth decorative, 12mo, illustrated, each $1.00 - -By LAURA E. RICHARDS, ANNA C. WINLOW, Etc. - - Our Little African Cousin - Our Little Alaskan Cousin - Our Little Arabian Cousin - Our Little Argentine Cousin - Our Little Armenian Cousin - Our Little Australian Cousin - Our Little Austrian Cousin - Our Little Belgian Cousin - Our Little Bohemian Cousin - Our Little Brazilian Cousin - Our Little Bulgarian Cousin - Our Little Canadian Cousin of the Great Northwest - Our Little Canadian Cousin of the Maritime Provinces - Our Little Chilean Cousin - Our Little Chinese Cousin - Our Little Cossack Cousin - Our Little Cuban Cousin - Our Little Czecho-Slovak Cousin - Our Little Danish Cousin - Our Little Dutch Cousin - Our Little Egyptian Cousin - Our Little English Cousin - Our Little Eskimo Cousin - Our Little Finnish Cousin - Our Little French Cousin - Our Little German Cousin - Our Little Grecian Cousin - Our Little Hawaiian Cousin - Our Little Hindu Cousin - Our Little Hungarian Cousin - Our Little Indian Cousin - Our Little Irish Cousin - Our Little Italian Cousin - Our Little Japanese Cousin - Our Little Jewish Cousin - Our Little Jugoslav Cousin - Our Little Korean Cousin - Our Little Lapp Cousin - Our Little Lithuanian Cousin - Our Little Malayan (Brown) Cousin - Our Little Mexican Cousin - Our Little Norwegian Cousin - Our Little Panama Cousin - Our Little Persian Cousin - Our Little Philippine Cousin - Our Little Polish Cousin - Our Little Porto Rican Cousin - Our Little Portuguese Cousin - Our Little Quebec Cousin - Our Little Roumanian Cousin - Our Little Russian Cousin - Our Little Scotch Cousin - Our Little Servian Cousin - Our Little Siamese Cousin - Our Little South African (Boer) Cousin - Our Little Spanish Cousin - Our Little Swedish Cousin - Our Little Swiss Cousin - Our Little Turkish Cousin - Our Little Welsh Cousin - Our Little West Indian Cousin - - -THE LITTLE COUSINS OF LONG AGO - - Our Little Athenian Cousin - Our Little Carthaginian Cousin - Our Little Celtic Cousin - Our Little Crusader Cousin - Our Little Feudal Cousin - Our Little Florentine Cousin - Our Little Frankish Cousin - Our Little Macedonian Cousin - Our Little Norman Cousin - Our Little Roman Cousin - Our Little Saxon Cousin - Our Little Spartan Cousin - Our Little Viking Cousin - - - * * * * * - -Transcriber's Notes: - -First advertising page, price was stamped out and a new price stamped -in. - -Page 44, "it" changed to "is" (ground is covered) - -Page 55, "remainded" changed to "remained" (remained at his post) - -Page 63, "awkardly" changed to "awkwardly" (stepped forward awkwardly) - -Page 89, "anniversity" changed to "anniversary" (anniversary of his -birthday) - - - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Our Little Finnish Cousin, by -Clara Vostrovsky Winlow - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK OUR LITTLE FINNISH COUSIN *** - -***** This file should be named 43426-8.txt or 43426-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/4/2/43426/ - -Produced by Emmy, Beth Baran and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at - www.gutenberg.org/license. - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation information page at www.gutenberg.org - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at 809 -North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email -contact links and up to date contact information can be found at the -Foundation's web site and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For forty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. |