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| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-07 17:54:11 -0800 |
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diff --git a/43341-h/43341-h.htm b/43341-h/43341-h.htm index 92663fc..f42f5ed 100644 --- a/43341-h/43341-h.htm +++ b/43341-h/43341-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Bird, by Jules Michelet. @@ -656,47 +656,7 @@ img.drop-cap </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Bird, by Jules Michelet - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Bird - -Author: Jules Michelet - -Illustrator: Hector Giacomelli - -Release Date: July 28, 2013 [EBook #43341] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BIRD *** - - - - -Produced by Chris Curnow, Sonya Schermann and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 43341 ***</div> <div class="transnote"> @@ -1554,7 +1514,7 @@ thousand intimate relations. I was the daughter of his mature age, of his shattered health, of his affections. I had not that happy equilibrium which his other children derived from my mother. My father was transmitted -in me (<i>passé en moi</i>). He said so himself: +in me (<i>passé en moi</i>). He said so himself: 'How I feel that thou art my daughter!'</p> <p class="text-mme-a2">"Years and life's trials had deprived him of nothing; @@ -1969,7 +1929,7 @@ aloof, in a wild timidity which nothing was able to conquer. As in every assembly (such is the piteous malignity of our nature!) there must be a butt, a scapegoat, who receives all the blows, he, in ours, filled this -unthankful rôle. If there were no blows, at least there +unthankful rôle. If there were no blows, at least there were abundant mockeries: we named him Moquo. Weak, and scantily provided with fur, he stood in more need than the others of the genial hearth; but we children @@ -2164,7 +2124,7 @@ under lock and key my books, the companions of my life, which had assuredly thought to hold me bound for ever. I travelled so long as earth supported me, and only halted at Nantes, close to the sea, on a hill which overlooks the yellow streams of Brittany as they -flow onward to mingle, in the Loire, with the gray waters of La Vendée.</p> +flow onward to mingle, in the Loire, with the gray waters of La Vendée.</p> <p>We established ourselves in a large country mansion, completely isolated, in the midst of the constant rains with which our western @@ -2207,7 +2167,7 @@ and not allowing you to catch sight of its mighty river, its island, its stir of commerce and navigation. A few paces from its great harbour, of whose existence there was no sign, one might believe oneself in a desert, in the <i>landes</i> of Brittany, or the clearings -of La Vendée.</p> +of La Vendée.</p> <p>Two things were of a lofty character, and detached themselves <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span> @@ -2221,7 +2181,7 @@ it received the light; its immense arms, at thirty feet from the ground, clothed themselves with strange and pointed leaves; then the canopy thickened; the trunk attained an elevation of eighty feet. You saw, about three leagues distant, the fields opposite the banks -of the Sèvre and the woods of La Vendée. Our home, low and +of the Sèvre and the woods of La Vendée. Our home, low and sheltered on the side of this giant, was not less distinguished by it <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> throughout an immense circuit, and perhaps owed to it its name, the @@ -2354,7 +2314,7 @@ were no longer a France, in its ingenious pages we should re-discover all which it owned of good, the true breath of that country, the Gallic sense, the French <i>esprit</i>, the very soul of our fatherland.</p> -<p>The formulæ of a system which it bears, however, very lightly, its +<p>The formulæ of a system which it bears, however, very lightly, its <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span> forced comparisons (which sometimes make us think of those too <i>spirituel</i> animals of Granville), do not prevent the French genius, gay, @@ -2521,7 +2481,7 @@ book crowned the work.</p> <p>These divers impressions blended and melted together, on our return to France, and especially here, in the presence of the ocean. At the -promontory of La Hève, under the venerable elms which overshadow +promontory of La Hève, under the venerable elms which overshadow it, this revelation completed itself. The gulls, gannets, and guillemots of the coast, the small birds of the groves, could say nothing which was not understood. All things found an echo in our hearts, like so @@ -2552,7 +2512,7 @@ guard him from shipwreck.</p> winter.<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> It is not, however, the sea which gnaws at it; the heavy rains wash it -away, carrying off the débris, which, at first bare and shapeless, bear +away, carrying off the débris, which, at first bare and shapeless, bear eloquent witness to their downfall. But tender and gracious Nature does not long suffer this. She speedily attires them, bestows upon them greensward, herbs, shrubs, briers, which in due time become @@ -2564,7 +2524,7 @@ the vast cliff, consoling its gloomy barrenness with their sweet youth.</p> The storm-beaten mountain relates to you the <i>epopea</i> of earth, its rude dramatic history, and shows its bones in evidence of its truth. But these young children of chance, who spring up on its arid flank, prove -that she is still fertile, that her débris contain the elements of a new +that she is still fertile, that her débris contain the elements of a new organization, that all death is a life begun.</p> <p>So these ruins have never caused us any sadness. We have conversed @@ -2590,7 +2550,7 @@ birds which, like the swallows, sing little, but talk much—prattling of the fine weather, of the chase, of scanty or abundant food, of their approaching departure; in fact, of all their affairs. I had listened to them at Nantes in October, at Turin in June. Their -September <i>causeries</i> were more intelligible at La Hève. We translated +September <i>causeries</i> were more intelligible at La Hève. We translated them easily in all their fond vivacity, all their joyousness of youth and good-humour, free from ostentation or satire, in accord with the happy moderation of a bird so free and so wise, which @@ -2616,7 +2576,7 @@ those wild and sagacious creatures which Nature has endowed with blood and milk—I speak of the cetacea—to what number are they reduced! Many great quadrupeds have vanished from the globe. Many animals of every kind, without utterly disappearing, have -recoiled before man; brutalized (<i>ensauvagés</i>) they fly, they lose their +recoiled before man; brutalized (<i>ensauvagés</i>) they fly, they lose their natural arts, and relapse into barbarism. The heron, whose prudence and address were remarked by Aristotle, is now, at least in Europe, a misanthropical, narrow-minded, half-foolish animal. The @@ -2638,7 +2598,7 @@ courage.<a name="FNanchor_13_13" id="FNanchor_13_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13_1 language, we cherished at heart. They had been our aliment, our habitual dream, over which we had brooded for two years, in Brittany, in Italy; it is here that they have developed into—what -shall I say—a book? a living fruit? At La Hève it appeared +shall I say—a book? a living fruit? At La Hève it appeared to us in its genial idea, that of the primitive alliance which God has ordained for all his creatures, of the love-bond which the universal mother has sealed between her children.</p> @@ -2691,7 +2651,7 @@ and the masks which disguise its unity, it flies, it loves to hover, from nest to nest, from egg to egg, from love to the love of God.</p> <p style="margin-left: 0.8em;"> -<span class="smcap">La Hève, near Havre</span>, <i>September 21, 1855</i>. +<span class="smcap">La Hève, near Havre</span>, <i>September 21, 1855</i>. </p> <div class="image-center"> @@ -3040,7 +3000,7 @@ bosom of the sea, their bountiful nurse.</p> </div> <p>When our mariners first landed there, their only difficulty was to -pierce through the mass of curious and kindly-natured phocæ which +pierce through the mass of curious and kindly-natured phocæ which came to gaze upon them. The penguins of Australian lands, the auks and razor-bills of the Arctic shores, peaceable and more active, made no movement. The wild geese, whose fine down, of incomparable softness, @@ -3226,7 +3186,7 @@ the winds, the waters, the insects, in quest of a life beyond their narrow limits—of that gift of flight which nature has refused to them.</p> <p>We contemplate pityingly those rudimentary animals, the unau -and the aï, sad and suffering images of man, which cannot advance a +and the aï, sad and suffering images of man, which cannot advance a step without a groan—sloths or <i>tardigrades</i>. The names by which we identify them we might justly reserve for ourselves. If slowness be relative to the desire of movement, to the constantly futile effort @@ -3382,7 +3342,7 @@ rapidity. The blood, ceaselessly vivified with fresh air, supplies each muscle with that inexhaustible energy which no other being possesses, and which belongs only to the elements.</p> -<p>The clumsy image of Antæus regaining strength each time he +<p>The clumsy image of Antæus regaining strength each time he touched the earth, his mother, does but rudely and weakly render an idea of this reality. The bird does not need to seek the air that he may be reinvigorated by touching it; the air seeks and flows into @@ -3506,7 +3466,7 @@ without comprehending them, have departed fatigued and melancholy.</p> <p>Let us express our wish that an administration so enlightened, so high in the ranks of science, may return to the original constitution -of the museum, which appointed <i>gardiens démonstrateurs</i>—attendants +of the museum, which appointed <i>gardiens démonstrateurs</i>—attendants who were also cicerones—and will only admit as guardians of this treasure men who can understand it, and, on occasion, become its interpreters.</p> @@ -3582,9 +3542,9 @@ struggle.</p> connected series, formed and systematically arranged by profound thinkers. Those species which form the most curious transitions between the genera are richly represented. There you may see, far -more fully than elsewhere, what Linné and Lamarck have said, that +more fully than elsewhere, what Linné and Lamarck have said, that just as our museums gradually grew richer, became more complete, -exhibited fewer <i>lacunæ</i>, we should be constrained to acknowledge +exhibited fewer <i>lacunæ</i>, we should be constrained to acknowledge that nature does nothing abruptly, in all things proceeds by gentle and insensible transitions. Wherever we seem to see in her works a bound, a chasm, a sudden and inharmonious interval, let us ascribe @@ -3603,7 +3563,7 @@ says the creature. It falters, and remains a fish, but warm-blooded; belongs to the mild race of lamentins and seals. "Shall I be bird or quadruped?" A great question; a perplexed hesitancy—a prolonged and changeful combat. All its various phases are discussed; -the diverse solutions of the problems naïvely suggested and +the diverse solutions of the problems naïvely suggested and realized by fantastic beings like the ornithorhynchus, which has nothing of the bird but the beak; like the poor bat, a tender and innocent animal in its family-circle, but whose undefined form makes @@ -3677,7 +3637,7 @@ ship, which the lightest breeze will wreck!</p> <p>It is, however, impossible to deny that the first flight is taken. Birds of various kinds carry on the enterprise more successfully. The -rich genus of <i>divers</i> (Brachypteræ), in its species widely different, +rich genus of <i>divers</i> (Brachypteræ), in its species widely different, connects the sailor-birds with the natatores, or swimmers: those, with wings perfected, with a bold and secure flight, accomplish the longest voyages; these, still clothed with the glittering feathers of the penguin, @@ -3750,7 +3710,7 @@ indifferent sea of the north in all its icy impassiveness. What do I say? That sea exhibits more emotion. At times phosphorescent and electrical, it will rise into strong animation. Old Father Ocean, saturnine and passionate, often revolves, under his pale countenance, -a host of thoughts. His sons, the goëlands, have less of animal life +a host of thoughts. His sons, the goëlands, have less of animal life than he has. They fly, with their dead eyes seeking some dead prey; and in congregated flocks they expedite the destruction of the great carcasses which float upon the sea for their behoof. Not ferocious in @@ -3779,7 +3739,7 @@ reappear with a fish. Swiftest when they followed the wind, slowest when they confronted it, they nevertheless poised always with the same ease, and never appeared to give a stroke of the wing the more than in the calmest weather. And yet the billows mounted up the -slopes, like cataracts reversed, as high as the platform of Nôtre Dame, +slopes, like cataracts reversed, as high as the platform of Nôtre Dame, and their spray higher than Montmartre. They did not appear more moved by it."</p> @@ -4147,7 +4107,7 @@ swan, formerly so common in Italy, and to which Virgil so constantly refers, is now very rare there. In vain the traveller would seek for those snow-white flotillas which covered with their sails the waters of the Mincio, the marshes of Mantua; which mourned for -Phaëton in despite of his sisters, or in their sublime flight, pursuing +Phaëton in despite of his sisters, or in their sublime flight, pursuing the stars with harmonious song, repeated to them the name of Varus.<a name="FNanchor_20_20" id="FNanchor_20_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_20_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a></p> @@ -4179,7 +4139,7 @@ rarely ventures to deposit her eggs.</p> <p>The heron, in the days of Aristotle, was full of industry and sagacity. The ancients consulted him in reference to fine weather or -tempest, as one of the gravest of augurs. Fallen in the mediæval +tempest, as one of the gravest of augurs. Fallen in the mediæval days, but preserving his beauty, his heavenward flight, he was still a <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[Pg 116]</a></span> prince, a feudal bird; kings esteemed it kingly sport to hunt him, and @@ -4322,7 +4282,7 @@ trunks perfectly upright and stripped of branches, fifty or sixty feet high, and bare to the very summit, where they mingle and bring together their leafy arches of sombre green, so as to shed upon the waters an ominous twilight. What waters! A seething mass of -leaves and débris, where the old stems rise pell-mell one upon another; +leaves and débris, where the old stems rise pell-mell one upon another; the whole of a muddy yellow colour, coated on the surface with a green frothy moss. Advance, and the seemingly firm expanse is a quicksand, into which you plunge. A laurel-tree at each step intercepts @@ -4589,7 +4549,7 @@ mind fortunately suggested that trains of gunpowder should be laid across their route, and set on fire. These volcanoes terrified them, and the torrent of invasion gradually turned aside.</p> -<p>No mediæval armoury, with all the strange weapons then made +<p>No mediæval armoury, with all the strange weapons then made use of; no chirurgical implement factory, with the thousands of dreadful instruments invented by modern art, can be compared with the monstrous armour of Tropical insects—their pincers, their nippers, @@ -4715,7 +4675,7 @@ and I breathe!</p> sapphires, that I shall find my safety? Your saving vehemence it is, excited to the purification of this superabundant and furious fecundity, that alone renders practicable the entrance to this dangerous realm -of faëry. Were you absent, jealous Nature would perform her mysterious +of faëry. Were you absent, jealous Nature would perform her mysterious labour of solitary fermentation, and not even the most daring savant would venture upon observing her. Who am I here? And how shall I defend myself? What power would be sufficient? The @@ -4829,7 +4789,7 @@ of his unclean cradle. I know not what moral instinct raises and supports him above it. His grand and formidable voice, which sways the desert, announces from afar the gravity and dignified heroism of the noble and -haughty purifier. The kamichi (<i>Palamedéa cornuta</i>), +haughty purifier. The kamichi (<i>Palamedéa cornuta</i>), as he is called, is rare; he forms a genus of himself, a species which is not divided.</p> @@ -4937,7 +4897,7 @@ pure and wholesome current of universal life.</p> <p>It is strange that the more useful they are to us, the more odious we find them. We are unwilling to accept them for what they are, -to regard them in their true <i>rôle</i>, as the beneficent cressets of living +to regard them in their true <i>rôle</i>, as the beneficent cressets of living fire through which nature passes everything that might corrupt the higher life. For this purpose she has provided them with an admirable apparatus, which receives, destroys, transforms, without ever @@ -5043,7 +5003,7 @@ which has saved India and Egypt through so many misfortunes, and preserved their fertility, is neither the Nile nor the Ganges; it is respect for animal life, the mildness and the gentle heart of man.</p> -<p>Profound in meaning was the speech of the priest of Saïs to the +<p>Profound in meaning was the speech of the priest of Saïs to the Greek Herodotus: "You shall be children ever."</p> <p>We shall always be so—we, men of the West—subtle and graceful @@ -5059,7 +5019,7 @@ life which nature rewards by unveiling to us her mysteries.</p> <p>Enter the catacombs, where, to employ our haughty language, the rude monuments sleep of a barbarous superstition; visit the treasure-stores -of India and Egypt; at each step you meet with naïve but not +of India and Egypt; at each step you meet with naïve but not the less profound intuitions of the essential mystery of life and death. <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[Pg 149]</a></span> Do not let the form deceive you; do not look upon this as an artificial @@ -5409,7 +5369,7 @@ him forward with his beak in lieu of a spur.</p> <p>Without going so far as America, you may see, in the Jardin des Plantes, the ascendancy of the little over the great, of mind over -matter, in the singular tête-à-tête of the gypaetus and the crow. The +matter, in the singular tête-à -tête of the gypaetus and the crow. The latter, a very feeble animal, and the feeblest of birds of prey, which in his black garb has the air of a pedagogue, labours hard to civilize his brutal fellow-prisoner, the gypaetus. It is amusing to observe @@ -5488,7 +5448,7 @@ judicious and well-weighed choice of their abode. Those which I observed at Nantes, on one of the hills of the Erdre, passed over my head every morning, and returned every evening. Evidently they had their town and country houses. By day they perched on the -cathedral towers to make their observations, ferreting out (<i>éventant</i>) +cathedral towers to make their observations, ferreting out (<i>éventant</i>) what good things the city might have to offer. At close of day, they regained the woods, and the well-sheltered rocks where they love to pass the night. These are domiciliated people, and no mere birds of @@ -5786,7 +5746,7 @@ would seem less dangerous. What monsters it conceals, what frightful chances for the bird lurk in its obscurity! Its nocturnal foes have this characteristic in common—their approach is noiseless. The screech-owl flies with a silent wing, as if wrapped in tow (<i>comme -étoupée de ouate</i>). The weasel insinuates its long body into the nest +étoupée de ouate</i>). The weasel insinuates its long body into the nest without disturbing a leaf. The eager polecat, athirst for the warm life-blood, is so rapid, that in a moment it bleeds both parents and progeny, and slaughters a whole family.</p> @@ -5900,42 +5860,42 @@ Italian wisdom had seen in it, an augur and a prophet of the changes of the skies:—</p> <div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">"Nul, sans être averti, n'éprouva les orages—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">La grue, avec effroi, s'élançant des vallées,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fuit ces noires vapeurs de la terre exhalées—<br /></span> +<span class="i0">"Nul, sans être averti, n'éprouva les orages—<br /></span> +<span class="i0">La grue, avec effroi, s'élançant des vallées,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Fuit ces noires vapeurs de la terre exhalées—<br /></span> <span class="i0">L'hirondelle en volant effleure le rivage;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tremblante pour ses œufs, la fourmi déménage.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Des lugubres corbeaux les noires légions<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Fendent l'air, qui frémit sous leurs longs bataillons—<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Tremblante pour ses œufs, la fourmi déménage.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Des lugubres corbeaux les noires légions<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Fendent l'air, qui frémit sous leurs longs bataillons—<br /></span> <span class="i0">Vois les oiseaux de mer, et ceux que les prairies<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nourrissent près des eaux sur des rives fleuries.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">De leur séjour humide on les voit s'approcher,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Offrir leur tête aux flots qui battent le rocher,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Nourrissent près des eaux sur des rives fleuries.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">De leur séjour humide on les voit s'approcher,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Offrir leur tête aux flots qui battent le rocher,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Promener sur les eaux leur troupe vagabonde,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Se plonger dans leur sein, reparaître sur l'onde,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Se plonger dans leur sein, reparaître sur l'onde,<br /></span> <span class="i0">S'y replonger encore, et, par cent jeux divers,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Annoncer les torrents suspendus dans les airs.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Seule, errante à pas lents sur l'aride rivage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">La corneille enrouée appelle aussi l'orage.<br /> +<span class="i0">Seule, errante à pas lents sur l'aride rivage,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">La corneille enrouée appelle aussi l'orage.<br /> </span><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[Pg 182]</a></span> <span class="i0">Le soir, la jeune fille, en tournant son fuseau,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Tire encore de sa lampe un présage nouveau,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Lorsque la mèche en feu, dont la clarté s'émousse,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Tire encore de sa lampe un présage nouveau,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Lorsque la mèche en feu, dont la clarté s'émousse,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Se couvre en petillant de noirs flocons de mousse.<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <hr class="tb" /><br /> </div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">Mais la sécurité reparaît à son tour—<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Mais la sécurité reparaît à son tour—<br /></span> <span class="i0">L'alcyon ne vient plus sur l'humide rivage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Aux tiédeurs du soleil étaler son plumage—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">L'air s'éclaircit enfin; du sommet des montagnes,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Le brouillard affaissé descend dans les campagnes,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Aux tiédeurs du soleil étaler son plumage—<br /></span> +<span class="i0">L'air s'éclaircit enfin; du sommet des montagnes,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Le brouillard affaissé descend dans les campagnes,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Et le triste hibou, le soir, au haut des toits,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">En longs gémissements ne traîne plus sa voix.<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Les corbeaux même, instruits de la fin de l'orage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Folâtrent à l'envi parmi l'épais feuillage,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Et, d'un gosier moins rauque, annonçant les beaux jours,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">En longs gémissements ne traîne plus sa voix.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Les corbeaux même, instruits de la fin de l'orage,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Folâtrent à l'envi parmi l'épais feuillage,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Et, d'un gosier moins rauque, annonçant les beaux jours,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Vont revoir dans leurs nids le fruit de leurs amours."<br /></span> </div></div> @@ -6007,7 +5967,7 @@ over the Erdre, and looks across the Loire. Why was the meeting held on this particular day, at this hour more than at any other? We did not know; soon afterwards we were able to understand it.</p> -<p>Bright was the morning sky, but the wind blew from La Vendée. +<p>Bright was the morning sky, but the wind blew from La Vendée. My pines bewailed their fate, and from my afflicted cedar issued a low deep voice of mourning. The ground was strewn with fruit, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[Pg 185]</a></span> @@ -6015,7 +5975,7 @@ which we all set to work to gather. Gradually the weather grew cloudy, the sky assumed a dull leaden gray, the wind sank, all was death-like. It was then, at about four o'clock, that simultaneously arrived, from all points, from the wood, from the Erdre, from the city, -from the Loire, from the Sèvre, infinite legions, darkening the day, +from the Loire, from the Sèvre, infinite legions, darkening the day, which settled on the church roof, with a myriad voices, a myriad cries, debates, discussions. Though ignorant of their language, it was not difficult for us to perceive that they differed among themselves. @@ -6337,7 +6297,7 @@ than <i>the tour of France</i>. To Germany? No; further, further still.</p> life, except that on their return they frequently could no longer find their nest. Of this the pendant bird warns them in an old German saying, wherein the narrow popular wisdom would fain retain them -round the roof-tree of home. On this proverb, the great poet Rückert, +round the roof-tree of home. On this proverb, the great poet Rückert, metamorphosing himself into a swallow, reproducing her rhythmical and circular flight, her constant turns and returns, has founded a lyric at which many will laugh, but more than one will weep:—</p> @@ -6353,7 +6313,7 @@ at which many will laugh, but more than one will weep:—</p> <span class="i6">Tout ce qui fut autrefois;<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i6">"Ce que chantait, ce que chantait<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Celle qui ramène le printemps,<br /></span> +<span class="i6">Celle qui ramène le printemps,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Rasant le village de l'aile, rasant le village de l'aile.<br /></span> <span class="i6">Est-ce bien ce qu'elle chante encore?<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> @@ -6364,18 +6324,18 @@ at which many will laugh, but more than one will weep:—</p> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i6">"O mon foyer de famille,<br /></span> <span class="i6">Laisse-moi seulement une fois<br /></span> -<span class="i6">M'asseoir à la place sacrée<br /></span> +<span class="i6">M'asseoir à la place sacrée<br /></span> <span class="i6">Et m'envoler dans les songes!<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i6">"Elle revient bien l'hirondelle,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Et l'armoire vidée se remplit.<br /></span> +<span class="i6">Et l'armoire vidée se remplit.<br /></span> <span class="i0">Mais le vide du cœur reste, mais reste le vide du cœur,<br /></span> <span class="i6">Et rien ne le remplira.<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i6">"Elle rase pourtant le village,<br /></span> <span class="i6">Elle chante comme autrefois—<br /></span> <span class="i6">'Quand je partis, quand je partis,<br /></span> -<span class="i6">Coffre, armoire, tout était plein.<br /></span> +<span class="i6">Coffre, armoire, tout était plein.<br /></span> <span class="i6">Quand je revins, quand je revins<br /></span> <span class="i6">Je ne trouvai plus que le vide.'"<br /></span> </div></div> @@ -6535,7 +6495,7 @@ winged world.</p> amicably to her sisters, rather than sings), I have never heard her do aught but bless life and praise God.</p> -<p><i>Libertà! molto e desiato bene!</i> I revolved these words in my +<p><i>Libertà ! molto e desiato bene!</i> I revolved these words in my heart on the great piazza of Turin, where we never wearied of watching the flight of innumerous swallows, hearing a thousand little joyous cries. On their descent from the Alps they found there convenient @@ -6792,7 +6752,7 @@ and protect his crops.</p> <p>Not a grain will he spare to the bird which, during the winter rains, hunted up the future insect, sought -out the nests of the larvæ, examined them, turned over +out the nests of the larvæ, examined them, turned over every leaf, and daily destroyed myriads of future caterpillars; but sacks of corn to the adult insects, and whole fields to the grasshoppers which the bird would have @@ -6821,7 +6781,7 @@ are not the less the salvation of the country.</p> <p>No long time ago, near Rouen, and in the valley of Monville, the crows had for a considerable period been proscribed. The cockchafers, -accordingly, profited to such an extent—their larvæ, multipled <i>ad +accordingly, profited to such an extent—their larvæ, multipled <i>ad infinitum</i>, pushed so far their subterranean works—that an entire meadow was pointed out to me as completely withered on the surface; every root of grass or herb was eaten up; and all the turf, easily @@ -6872,7 +6832,7 @@ before dying, the prescient atom assures the safety of its posterity; it finds for it an asylum, conceals and carefully deposits its future, the germ of its reproduction. -As eggs, as larvæ, or in their own shapes, +As eggs, as larvæ, or in their own shapes, living, mature, armed, these invisible creatures sleep in the bosom of the earth, awaiting their opportunity. Is she immovable, @@ -6887,7 +6847,7 @@ in patience.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[Pg 216]</a></span></p> <p>All this life breaks forth at spring-time. From high, from low, -on the right, on the left, these predatory tribes, <i>échelonned</i> by legions +on the right, on the left, these predatory tribes, <i>échelonned</i> by legions which succeed one another and relieve one another each in its month, in its day—the immense, the irresistible conscription of nature—will march to the conquest of man's works. The division of labour is @@ -6914,7 +6874,7 @@ also, it is true, are scarcely flourishing; your adventurous stratagem may help the plagues which devastate our era. Happy age! The benevolent labourer poisons at the outset; this copper-coloured corn, handed over to the baker, ferments with the sulphate; a simple -and agreeable means of "raising" the light <i>pâte</i>, to which, perhaps, +and agreeable means of "raising" the light <i>pâte</i>, to which, perhaps, people would object.</p> <p>No; adopt a better course than this. Take your side. Before @@ -7266,12 +7226,12 @@ in alarm lest a secret issue should save the besieged.</p> terrible image for the patriot who dreams over the destinies of cities. Rome, at the epoch when the republic begun to totter, feeling itself like to such a tree, trembled one day as a woodpecker alighted on -the tribunal in open forum, under the very hand of the prætor. The +the tribunal in open forum, under the very hand of the prætor. The people were profoundly moved, and revolved the gloomiest thoughts. But the augurs, who had been summoned, arrived: if the bird escaped with impunity, the republic would perish; if he remained, he threatened -only him who held the bird in his hand—the prætor. This -magistrate, who was Ælius Tubero, killed the bird immediately, +only him who held the bird in his hand—the prætor. This +magistrate, who was Ælius Tubero, killed the bird immediately, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[Pg 229]</a></span> died soon afterwards, and the republic endured six centuries longer.</p> @@ -7344,7 +7304,7 @@ delicate mystery of maternity?</p> <p>So she resists no longer, and behold the pair installed! There is <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[Pg 231]</a></span> -wanting now but a nuptial chant (Hymen! O Hymeneæ!) It is not +wanting now but a nuptial chant (Hymen! O Hymeneæ!) It is not the woodpecker's fault if Nature has denied to his genius the muse of melody. At least, in his harsh voice one cannot mistake the impassioned accents of the heart.</p> @@ -7671,7 +7631,7 @@ it:—</p> <div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"Je suis le compagnon<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Du pauvre bûcheron.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Du pauvre bûcheron.<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"Je le suis en automne,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Au vent des premiers froids,<br /></span> @@ -7679,33 +7639,33 @@ it:—</p> <span class="i0">Le dernier chant des bois.<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"Il est triste, et je chante<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Sous mon deuil mêlé d'or.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Sous mon deuil mêlé d'or.<br /></span> <span class="i0">Dans la brume pesante<br /></span> <span class="i0">Je vois l'azur encor.<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">"Que ce chant te relève<br /></span> +<span class="i0">"Que ce chant te relève<br /></span> <span class="i0">Et te garde l'espoir!<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Qu'il te berce d'un rêve,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Et te ramène au soir!<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Qu'il te berce d'un rêve,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Et te ramène au soir!<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">"Mais quand vient la gelée,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Je frappe à ton carreau.<br /></span><span class="pagenum"> +<span class="i0">"Mais quand vient la gelée,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Je frappe à ton carreau.<br /></span><span class="pagenum"> <a name="Page_243" id="Page_243">[Pg 243]</a></span> -<span class="i0">Il n'est plus de feuillée,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Prends pitié de l'oiseau!<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Il n'est plus de feuillée,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Prends pitié de l'oiseau!<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"C'est ton ami d'automne<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Qui revient près de toi.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Qui revient près de toi.<br /></span> <span class="i0">Le ciel, tout m'abandonne—<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Bûcheron, ouvre-moi!<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Bûcheron, ouvre-moi!<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"Qu'en ce temps de disette,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Le petit voyageur,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Régalé d'une miette,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">S'endorme à ta chaleur!<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Régalé d'une miette,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">S'endorme à ta chaleur!<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"Je suis le compagnon<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Du pauvre bûcheron."<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Du pauvre bûcheron."<br /></span> </div></div> <div class="image-center"> @@ -8540,11 +8500,11 @@ and think; stumbling now, they by Degrees shall advance much further.</p> <div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<span class="i0">"O pauvre enfantelet! du fil de tes pensées<br /></span> -<span class="i0">L'échevelet n'est encore débrouillé."<br /></span> +<span class="i0">"O pauvre enfantelet! du fil de tes pensées<br /></span> +<span class="i0">L'échevelet n'est encore débrouillé."<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">Poor feeble child! not yet of thy thought's thread<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Is the entangled skein unravellèd.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Is the entangled skein unravellèd.<br /></span> </div></div> <p>Souls of children, in truth, but far gentler, more resigned, more @@ -8668,8 +8628,8 @@ forms of nature.</p> -<p>The celebrated Pré-aux-Clercs, now known as the -Marché Saint Germain, is, as everybody knows, on Sundays, +<p>The celebrated Pré-aux-Clercs, now known as the +Marché Saint Germain, is, as everybody knows, on Sundays, the Bird Market of Paris. The place has more than one claim on our curiosity. It is a vast menagerie, frequently renewed—a shifting, strange museum of French ornithology.</p> @@ -8693,7 +8653,7 @@ no means doubtful in its meaning, for it said: "Buy me!"</p> <p>One Sunday in summer we paid a visit to this mart, which we shall never forget. It was not well stocked, still less harmonious; the season of moulting and of silence had begun. We were not the -less keenly attracted by and interested in the naïve attitude of a few +less keenly attracted by and interested in the naïve attitude of a few individuals. Ordinarily their song and their plumage, the bird's two principal attributes, preoccupy us, and prevent us from observing their lively and original pantomime. One bird, the American mocking-bird, @@ -8797,7 +8757,7 @@ well:—</p> <div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">"<i>Lascia che io pianga!</i><br /></span> -<span class="i0"><i>La Libertà.</i>"<br /></span> +<span class="i0"><i>La Libertà .</i>"<br /></span> </div><div class="stanza"> <span class="i0">Liberty!-Suffer me to weep!<br /></span> </div></div> @@ -8993,7 +8953,7 @@ absent objects. Mayhap he then forgets that migration has been forbidden him, and thinks he has arrived in Africa or in Syria, in lands lighted by a more generous sun. It may be that he sees this sun; sees the rose reblossom, and recommences for her, as say the Persian -poets, his hymn of impossible love,—"<i>O sun! O sea! O rose!</i>"—(<i>Rückert.</i>)</p> +poets, his hymn of impossible love,—"<i>O sun! O sea! O rose!</i>"—(<i>Rückert.</i>)</p> <p>For myself, I believe simply that this noble and pathetic hymn, with its lofty accent, is nought else but himself, his life of love and @@ -9110,7 +9070,7 @@ recedes before us at every step, and science does no more than put a little further back the veil wherein he conceals himself. "Behold," said Moses, "behold him who passes, I have seen him by the skirts." "Is -it not he," said Linné, "who passes? +it not he," said Linné, "who passes? I have seen him in outline." And for myself, I close my eyes; I perceive him with an agitated heart, I @@ -9808,7 +9768,7 @@ which the most eagerly demand protection.</p> <p>Page <a href="#Page_67">67</a>. <i>On the life of the bird in the egg.</i>—I draw these details from the accurate M. Duvernoy. Ovology in our days has become a science. Yet I know but a few treatises specially devoted to the bird's -egg. The oldest is that of an Abbé Manesse, written in the last century, +egg. The oldest is that of an Abbé Manesse, written in the last century, very verbose, and not very instructive (the MS. is preserved in the Museum Library). The same library possesses the German work of Wirfing and Gunther on nests and eggs; and another, also German, @@ -9820,7 +9780,7 @@ more carefully executed.</p> <p>Page <a href="#Page_74">74</a>. <i>Gelatinous and nourishing seas.</i>—Humboldt, in one of his early works ("Scenes in the Tropics"), was the first, I think, to authenticate this fact. He attributes it to the prodigious quantity -of medusæ, and other analogous creatures, in a decomposed state in +of medusæ, and other analogous creatures, in a decomposed state in these waters. If, however, such a cadaverous dissolution really prevailed there, would it not render the waters fatal to the fish, instead of nourishing them? Perhaps this phenomenon should be attributed @@ -9911,7 +9871,7 @@ only seen the threshold of the prodigious world of the dead? He has scarcely scratched the surface of the globe. The deeper explorations to which he is constrained by the thousand novel needs of art and industry (as that, for example, of piercing the Alps for a new -railway) will open to science unexpected prospects. Palæontology as +railway) will open to science unexpected prospects. Palæontology as yet is built upon the narrow foundation of a <i>minimum</i> number of facts. If we remember that the dead—owing to the thousands of years the globe has already lived—are enormously more numerous @@ -9999,7 +9959,7 @@ fifteen feet in height, which men only venture to attack from a distance, and by means of gunpowder. You may judge, therefore, the importance of the ant-eater, which dares to enter this gulf, and seek out the horrible female whence issues so accursed a torrent. -(Smeathmann, <i>Mémoire sur les Termites</i>.)</p> +(Smeathmann, <i>Mémoire sur les Termites</i>.)</p> <p>Does climate save us? The termites prosper in France. Here, too, the cockchafer flourishes; and even on the northern slopes @@ -10021,7 +9981,7 @@ torrid zone, is common to animals of very different classes—to the jaguar, the small species of the tiger-cat, the cabiai, the galinazo vulture, the crocodile, the viper, the rattlesnake. The gaseous emanations which are the vehicles of this aroma appear only to disengage -themselves in proportion as the soil enclosing the <i>débris</i> of an innumerable +themselves in proportion as the soil enclosing the <i>débris</i> of an innumerable quantity of reptiles, worms, and insects, becomes impregnated with water. Everywhere that one stirs up the soil, one is struck by the mass of organic substances which alternately develop, transform, @@ -10050,7 +10010,7 @@ strange and terrible beauty.</p> enchantment of nocturnal illumination by myriads of fire-flies—is attested and very forcibly described, as far as relates to the countries adjoining Panama, by a French traveller, M. Caqueray, who has -recently visited them. (See his Journal in the new <i>Revue Française</i>, +recently visited them. (See his Journal in the new <i>Revue Française</i>, 10th June 1855.)</p> <div class="image-center"> @@ -10364,7 +10324,7 @@ the woodlark and the inimitable song of the thrush."</p> of the desert, the arrival of the migrating birds, weary and heavy at this season, and, therefore, easy to catch, is a blessing from God, a celestial manna. The Bible tells us of the raptures of the -Israelites, when, during their wanderings in Arabia Petræa, fasting +Israelites, when, during their wanderings in Arabia Petræa, fasting and enfeebled, they suddenly saw descending upon them the winged food: not the locusts of abstemious Elias, not the bread with which the raven nourished his bowels, but the quail heavy with fat, delicious @@ -10508,7 +10468,7 @@ of observation adopted by meteorology serious and efficacious? Some men of science doubt it. It might, perhaps, be worth while examining if we could not deduce any part of the meteorology of the ancients from their divination by birds. The principal passages are pointed -out in Pauly's Encyclopædia (Stuttgard), article <i>Divinatio</i>.</p> +out in Pauly's Encyclopædia (Stuttgard), article <i>Divinatio</i>.</p> <p>"The woodpecker is a favoured bird in the steppes of Poland and Russia. In these sparsely wooded plains he constantly directs his @@ -10572,7 +10532,7 @@ cymeth."</p> <p>Page <a href="#Page_247">247</a>. <i>Nests and Hatching.</i>—In the vast extent of the islands linking India to Australia, a species of bird of the family -<i>Gallinaceæ</i> dispenses with the labour of hatching her eggs. Raising +<i>Gallinaceæ</i> dispenses with the labour of hatching her eggs. Raising an enormous hillock of grasses whose fermentation will produce a degree of heat favourable to the process, the parents, as soon as this task is completed, trust to Nature for the reproduction of their kind. @@ -10622,7 +10582,7 @@ weather. At New York, the baltimore makes a closely fitted nest, to shelter him from the cold. At New Orleans his nest is left with a free passage for the air to diminish the heat. The Canadian partridges, which in winter cover themselves with a kind of small -pent-roof at Compiègne, under a milder sky do away with this protection, +pent-roof at Compiègne, under a milder sky do away with this protection, because they judge it to be useless. The same discernment prevails in relation to the seasons. The American spring, in the opening years of the present century, occurring very late, the woodpecker @@ -10675,7 +10635,7 @@ an infinity of hazardous chances.</p> <p>What, then, will be the case if we find, in the history of animals, such an act of pretended instinct as supposes a resistance to that very course our instinctive nature would apparently desire? What will -you say to the wounded elephant spoken of by Fouché d'Obsonville?</p> +you say to the wounded elephant spoken of by Fouché d'Obsonville?</p> <p>That judicious traveller, so utterly disinclined to romantic tendencies, saw an elephant in India, which, having been wounded in @@ -10711,9 +10671,9 @@ Spanish <i>cantatrice</i>: "The nightingale does not sing so well."</p> <p>Page <a href="#Page_273">273</a>. <i>Still the little one hesitates, &c.</i>—"One day I was walking with my son in the neighbourhood of Montier. We perceived -towards the north, on the Little Salève, an eagle emerging from the +towards the north, on the Little Salève, an eagle emerging from the <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_338" id="Page_338">[Pg 338]</a></span> -windings of the rocks. When he was tolerably near the Great Salève +windings of the rocks. When he was tolerably near the Great Salève he halted, and two eaglets, which he had carried on his back, attempted to fly, at first very close to their teacher, and in narrow circles; then, a few minutes afterwards, feeling fatigued, they @@ -10722,7 +10682,7 @@ and at the close of the lesson the eaglets effected some much more important flights, still under the eyes of their teacher of gymnastics. After about an hour's occupation the two scholars resumed their post on the paternal back, and the eagle returned to the rock -from which he had started." (M. Chenvières, of Geneva.)</p> +from which he had started." (M. Chenvières, of Geneva.)</p> <div class="image-center"> <img src="images/i_339a.jpg" width="300" height="158" alt=""/> @@ -10801,7 +10761,7 @@ dream.</p> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> -The book referred to was the "Études de la Nature."—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> +The book referred to was the "Études de la Nature."—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> <div class="footnote"> @@ -10819,7 +10779,7 @@ natural history in the "Philosophie Anatomique," 2 vols., 1818-20.—<i>Tran <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> -Alphonse Toussenel, an illustrious French <i>littérateur</i>, born in 1803. The first edition +Alphonse Toussenel, an illustrious French <i>littérateur</i>, born in 1803. The first edition of his "Le Monde des Oiseaux, Ornithologie Passionelle," was published in 1852.—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> <div class="footnote"> @@ -10830,7 +10790,7 @@ The frigate bird, or man-of-war bird (<i>Trachypetes aquila</i>).—<i>Trans <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> - Alluding to a popular superstition, which Béranger has made the + Alluding to a popular superstition, which Béranger has made the subject of a fine lyric:— </p> @@ -10866,15 +10826,15 @@ There are two lights, of which the more elevated is 396 feet above the sea-level <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> -La Hève is the ancient Caletorum Promontorium, and situated about three miles north-west +La Hève is the ancient Caletorum Promontorium, and situated about three miles north-west of Havre.—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> That the reader may feel the full force of this passage, I subjoin the original: "Nous -n'en vivions pas moins d'un grand souffle d'âme, de la rajeunissante haleine de cette mère -aimée, la Nature."</p></div> +n'en vivions pas moins d'un grand souffle d'âme, de la rajeunissante haleine de cette mère +aimée, la Nature."</p></div> <div class="footnote"> @@ -10891,7 +10851,7 @@ The reader will hardly require to be reminded of the poet Cowper and his hares.& <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> -Family <i>Trochilidæ</i>.</p></div> +Family <i>Trochilidæ</i>.</p></div> <div class="footnote"> @@ -10910,7 +10870,7 @@ limits of his own country.—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_17_17" id="Footnote_17_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17_17"><span class="label">[17]</span></a> -François Levaillant was born at Paramaribo in Dutch Guiana, in 1753. Passionately +François Levaillant was born at Paramaribo in Dutch Guiana, in 1753. Passionately fond of natural history, and scarcely less fond of travel, he gratified both passions in 1780 by undertaking a series of explorations in Southern Africa. His last journey extended a little beyond the tropic of Capricorn. He returned to Europe in 1784, published several @@ -10919,7 +10879,7 @@ valuable works of travel and zoology, and died in 1824.—<i>Translator.</i> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_18_18" id="Footnote_18_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_18_18"><span class="label">[18]</span></a> -The unfortunate navigator, Jean François de Calaup, Comte de La Perouse, was born +The unfortunate navigator, Jean François de Calaup, Comte de La Perouse, was born in 1741. At an early age he entered the French navy, rose to a high grade, and distinguished himself by his services against the English in North America. In 1783 he was appointed to command an expedition of discovery, and on the 1st of August 1785, sailed @@ -11031,391 +10991,15 @@ a nightingale and a flute-player—as told by Ford and Crashaw.—<i>Tra <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_28_28" id="Footnote_28_28"></a><a href="#FNanchor_28_28"><span class="label">[28]</span></a> -Our author refers to the discovery of the anæsthetic properties of ether by an +Our author refers to the discovery of the anæsthetic properties of ether by an American. It was a surgeon of old Europe, however, that gave the world the far more -powerful anæsthetic of <i>chloroform</i>.—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> +powerful anæsthetic of <i>chloroform</i>.—<i>Translator.</i></p></div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_29_29" id="Footnote_29_29"></a><a href="#FNanchor_29_29"><span class="label">[29]</span></a> Compare Byron, in "Don Juan."</p></div></div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Bird, by Jules Michelet - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE BIRD *** - -***** This file should be named 43341-h.htm or 43341-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/3/4/43341/ - -Produced by Chris Curnow, Sonya Schermann and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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