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diff --git a/43283-h/43283-h.htm b/43283-h/43283-h.htm index 558812c..704bc6c 100644 --- a/43283-h/43283-h.htm +++ b/43283-h/43283-h.htm @@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> -<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Correspondence of Madame, Princess Palatine, Mother of the Regent; of Marie-Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne; and of Madame de Maintenon, in Relation to Saint-Cyr, by Charlotte-Elisabeth, duchesse d Orlans; Marie Adelaide, of Savoy, Duchess of Burgundy; and Madame de Maintenon</title> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> +<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Correspondence of Madame, Princess Palatine, Mother of the Regent; of Marie-Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne; and of Madame de Maintenon, in Relation to Saint-Cyr, by Charlotte-Elisabeth, duchesse d Orléans; Marie Adelaide, of Savoy, Duchess of Burgundy; and Madame de Maintenon</title> <style type="text/css"> body { @@ -132,23 +132,13 @@ table </style> </head> <body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 43283 ***</div> <h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Correspondence of Madame, Princess -Palatine, Mother of the Regent; of Marie-Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de +Palatine, Mother of the Regent; of Marie-Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne; and of Madame de Maintenon, in Relation to Saint-Cyr, by -Charlotte-Elisabeth, duchesse d Orlans; Marie Adelaide, of Savoy, +Charlotte-Elisabeth, duchesse d Orléans; Marie Adelaide, of Savoy, Duchess of Burgundy; and Madame de Maintenon, Translated by Katharine Prescott Wormeley</h1> -<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at <a -href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> -<p>Title: The Correspondence of Madame, Princess Palatine, Mother of the Regent; of Marie-Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne; and of Madame de Maintenon, in Relation to Saint-Cyr</p> -<p>Author: Charlotte-Elisabeth, duchesse d Orlans; Marie Adelaide, of Savoy, Duchess of Burgundy; and Madame de Maintenon</p> -<p>Release Date: July 23, 2013 [eBook #43283]</p> -<p>Language: English</p> -<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> -<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CORRESPONDENCE OF MADAME, PRINCESS PALATINE, MOTHER OF THE REGENT; OF MARIE-ADLADE DE SAVOIE, DUCHESSE DE BOURGOGNE; AND OF MADAME DE MAINTENON, IN RELATION TO SAINT-CYR***</p> <p> </p> <h3>E-text prepared by Delphine Lettau<br /> and the online Distributed Proofreaders Canada team<br /> @@ -167,7 +157,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <h2> <span class="lf">THE CORRESPONDENCE</span><br /> <span class="sf">OF</span><br /> MADAME PRINCESS PALATINE,<br /> - MARIE-ADLADE DE SAVOIE,<br /> + MARIE-ADÉLAÏDE DE SAVOIE,<br /> <span class="sf">AND</span><br /> MADAME DE MAINTENON.<br /> </h2> @@ -191,7 +181,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <span class="red">MADAME, PRINCESS PALATINE,</span> <span class="sf"><i><br /> MOTHER OF THE REGENT</i>; <br /> OF</span><br /> - <span class="red">MARIE-ADLADE DE SAVOIE,</span> <span class="sf"><i><br /> + <span class="red">MARIE-ADÉLAÏDE DE SAVOIE,</span> <span class="sf"><i><br /> DUCHESSE DE BOURGOGNE</i>;<br /> AND OF</span><br /> <span class="red">MADAME DE MAINTENON,</span> <span class="sf"><i><br /> @@ -278,7 +268,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <td> </td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2">CORRESPONDENCE OF MARIE-ADLADE DE SAVOIE:</td> + <td colspan="2">CORRESPONDENCE OF MARIE-ADÉLAÏDE DE SAVOIE:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr"> VI. </td> @@ -344,12 +334,12 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <table summary="loi" border="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" id="table2"> <tr> <td> </td> - <td><span class="smcap">Madame, lisabeth-Charlotte, Princess Palatine, + <td><span class="smcap">Madame, Élisabeth-Charlotte, Princess Palatine, Duchesse</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td> </td> - <td><span class="smcap"> <span>d’Orlans</span> </span></td> + <td><span class="smcap"> <span>d’Orléans</span> </span></td> <td class="tdr"><span class="smcap"> <i><a href="#Madame">Frontispiece</a></i></span></td> </tr> <tr> @@ -384,7 +374,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc"> I.</td> - <td><span> <span class="smcap">Saint-Cloud, Chteau and Park of</span> </span></td> + <td><span> <span class="smcap">Saint-Cloud, Château and Park of</span> </span></td> <td class="tdr"><span> <a href="#Page_42">42</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> @@ -419,7 +409,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc">III. </td> - <td><span class="smcap">Marie-Anne-Victoire de Bavire, Dauphine, Wife + <td><span class="smcap">Marie-Anne-Victoire de Bavière, Dauphine, Wife of</span></td> </tr> <tr> @@ -456,14 +446,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc"> </td> - <td><span>By Largillire (Nicolas de); Versailles.</span></td> + <td><span>By Largillière (Nicolas de); Versailles.</span></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc"><span>V.</span></td> - <td><span> <span class="smcap">Marie-Thrse, Infanta of Spain, Wife of + <td><span> <span class="smcap">Marie-Thérèse, Infanta of Spain, Wife of Louis XIV.</span> </span></td> <td class="tdr"><span> <a href="#Page_154">154</a></span></td> </tr> @@ -483,7 +473,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc"><span>V.</span></td> - <td><span> <span class="smcap">Ren Descartes</span> </span></td> + <td><span> <span class="smcap">René Descartes</span> </span></td> <td class="tdr"><span> <a href="#Page_168">168</a></span></td> </tr> <tr> @@ -498,7 +488,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdc"> VI. </td> - <td><span> <span class="smcap">Marie Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de + <td><span> <span class="smcap">Marie Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne</span> </span></td> <td class="tdr"><span> <a href="#Page_182">182</a></span></td> </tr> @@ -558,7 +548,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> <h2>CORRESPONDENCE OF MADAME,<br /> <br /> - <span class="mf">LISABETH-CHARLOTTE, PRINCESS PALATINE,</span><br /> + <span class="mf">ÉLISABETH-CHARLOTTE, PRINCESS PALATINE,</span><br /> <span class="sf">MOTHER OF THE REGENT.</span></h2> <h3>INTRODUCTION BY C.-A. SAINTE-BEUVE.</h3> <p>“I am very frank and very natural, and I say all that I @@ -574,7 +564,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Memoirs of Saint-Simon have been published in full, I will not say that the pages of the chronicle we owe to Madame have paled, but they have ceased to astonish. They are now - recognized as good, nave pictures, somewhat forced in colour, + recognized as good, naïve pictures, somewhat forced in colour, rather coarse in feature, exaggerated and grimacing at times, but on the whole good likenesses. The right method for judging of Madame’s correspondence, and thus of gaining @@ -584,15 +574,15 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> are of great assistance to a knowledge of this singular and original personage; to understand her properly it is not too much to say that Germany and France must be combined.</p> -<p>lisabeth-Charlotte, who married in 1671 Monsieur, +<p>Élisabeth-Charlotte, who married in 1671 Monsieur, brother of Louis XIV., was born at Heidelberg in 1652. Her father, Charles-Louis, was that Elector of the Palatinate who was restored to his States by the Peace of Westphalia. - From childhood lisabeth-Charlotte was noted for + From childhood Élisabeth-Charlotte was noted for her lively mind, and her frank, open, vigorous nature. Domestic peace had never reigned about the hearth of the Elector-Palatine; he had a mistress, whom he married by - the left hand, and the mother of lisabeth-Charlotte is + the left hand, and the mother of Élisabeth-Charlotte is accused of having caused the separation by her crabbed temper. The young girl was confided to the care of her aunt Sophia, Electress of Hanover, a person of merit, for @@ -624,7 +614,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> so that vegetables have no strength and the cows cannot give good milk. <i>Mon Dieu!</i> how I should like to eat the dishes your cook prepares for you; they would be more to my taste - than those my <i>matre-d’htel</i> serves up to me.”</p> + than those my <i>maître-d’hôtel</i> serves up to me.”</p> <p>But she clung to her own country, her German stock, her “Rhin allemand,” by other memories than those of food and the national cooking. She loved nature, the country, a free @@ -638,10 +628,10 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> is with her after fifty years’ absence; and she speaks of it a few months before her death to the half-sister Louise, to whom she writes: “There is not in all the world a better - air than that of Heidelberg; above all, about the chteau + air than that of Heidelberg; above all, about the château where my apartment is; nothing better can be found.”</p> <p>In Germany, on the banks of the Neckar and the Rhine, - lisabeth-Charlotte enjoyed the picturesque sites, her rambles + Élisabeth-Charlotte enjoyed the picturesque sites, her rambles through the forests, Nature left to herself, and also the spots of bourgeois plenty amid the wilder environment. “I love trees and fields more than the finest palaces; I like a kitchen<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span> garden better than a garden with statues and fountains; a @@ -657,14 +647,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> told her physician when presented to her that “she did not need him; she had never been bled or purged, and when she did not feel well she always walked six miles on foot, which - cured her.” Mme. de Svign who relates this, seems to + cured her.” Mme. de Sévigné who relates this, seems to conclude, with the majority of the Court, that the new Madame was overcome with her grandeur and spoke like a person who is not accustomed to such surroundings. Mme. - de Svign is mistaken; Madame was in no degree overcome + de Sévigné is mistaken; Madame was in no degree overcome by her greatness. She felt herself born for the high rank of Monsieur’s wife, and would have felt in her right place if - higher still. But Mme. de Svign though she herself + higher still. But Mme. de Sévigné though she herself walked with pleasure in her woods at Livry and her park des Rochers, did not divine the proud young girl, so brusque and wild, who ate with delight her bit of bread and cherries @@ -679,7 +669,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> about to be sacrificed for my country.” The <i>lamb</i>, after we<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span> once know her, seems a singular term to choose for so vigorous a victim; but the comparison is just, all the same, so tender and good was the heart within her.</p> -<p>The rle that Madame conceived for herself in France +<p>The rôle that Madame conceived for herself in France was that of preserving her native country from the horrors of war, and of being useful to it in the different schemes which agitated the Court of France and might in the end @@ -726,20 +716,20 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and protect her German land from French policy; and on that very side where politics (to which she was always a stranger) touched her most, she had the grief of failing.</p> -<p>When the marriage of lisabeth-Charlotte was negotiated, +<p>When the marriage of Élisabeth-Charlotte was negotiated, it became a question of converting her. The erudite and - witty Chvreau, who was at the Court of the Elector Palatine + witty Chévreau, who was at the Court of the Elector Palatine in the capacity of councillor, flattered himself that he contributed to that result by daily interviews with her of four hours in length for three weeks. One of the orators who eulogized Madame at the time of her death, her almoner - (the Abb de Saint-Gri de Magnas), said as to this: “When + (the Abbé de Saint-Géri de Magnas), said as to this: “When asked in marriage for Monsieur by Louis XIV. the principal condition was that she should embrace the Catholic religion. Neither ambition nor levity had any share in this change; the respect and tenderness she felt for Mme. la Princesse Palatine, her aunt, who was Catholic, prevented her from - refusing to be instructed. She listened to Pre Jourdain, a + refusing to be instructed. She listened to Père Jourdain, a Jesuit. Born with the rectitude which distinguished her<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span> all her life, she did not resist the truth. Her abjuration was made at Metz.”</p> <p>Madame was, in truth, perfectly sincere in her conversion; @@ -826,7 +816,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> one expected all this. The Court was filled with memories and regrets for the late Madame, the amiable Henrietta, snatched away in the bloom of her charm and grace. - “Alas!” cries Mme. de Svign, speaking of the new-comer, + “Alas!” cries Mme. de Sévigné, speaking of the new-comer, “alas! if <i>this</i> Madame could only represent to us her whom we have lost!” In place of a blithesome fairy and a being of enchantment, what was it that suddenly appeared before @@ -899,21 +889,21 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Court of Louis XIV. Knowing well what was due to her rank and never departing from it, there are many occasions when she is incongruous with it and violates decorum.</p> -<p>It was perhaps by this nave brusqueness, and also by her +<p>It was perhaps by this naïve brusqueness, and also by her solid qualities as an honest woman (I was going to say an honest man), that she pleased Louis XIV., so that between<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> herself and him there was formed a friendship which was not without its singularity, and which at first sight seems - surprising. Mme. de Svign, in a letter to her daughter, + surprising. Mme. de Sévigné, in a letter to her daughter, seems to think that Madame felt for Louis XIV. (as the preceding Madame had done) an inclination that was more or less romantic, and which affected her without her admitting to herself exactly what it was. There is a little too much that is far-fetched in all this. In general, as I have already - remarked, Mme. de Svign understands Madame very little, + remarked, Mme. de Sévigné understands Madame very little, and does not give herself the trouble to seek the meaning of a nature so little French. When she hears that the princess fainted with grief at the sudden news of the death of her - father, the Elector Palatine, Mme. de Svign jests about it + father, the Elector Palatine, Mme. de Sévigné jests about it thus: “On this, Madame began to cry and weep and make a strange noise; they said she fainted, but I do not believe it; she seems to me incapable of that sign of weakness. @@ -934,7 +924,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> race the person to whom she could attach herself in the midst of all these people, and she turned with her natural uprightness to the most honest man among them, namely, to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> Louis XIV. himself. A Jesuit, who pronounced a funeral - oration over Madame, Pre Cathalan, has said on this subject + oration over Madame, Père Cathalan, has said on this subject all that was best to say. In the kingdom at that time was a king who was worthy of being one; with the good qualities we know well, combined with defects which every @@ -942,7 +932,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> was essentially a man of merit, “always master and always king, but more of an honest man and Christian than he was master or king.”</p> -<p>“It was this merit that touched her,” says Pre Cathalan, +<p>“It was this merit that touched her,” says Père Cathalan, very truly. “A taste for, and, if I may so express myself, a sympathy of greatness attached Madame to Louis XIV. Inward affinities make noble attachments of esteem and @@ -1040,7 +1030,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> schemes blacker and deeper than those of hell.</p> <p>She disliked her for little things and disliked her for great ones. She supposed that it was Mme. de Maintenon - who, in concert with Pre de La Chaise, had plotted and + who, in concert with Père de La Chaise, had plotted and carried through the persecution of the Reformers; in this she was not only human, but she found herself once more a little of a Calvinist or a Lutheran with a touch of the old @@ -1079,7 +1069,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> after the death of Louis XIV. and while buried at Saint-Cyr, a monopolist of wheat, a poisoner expert in the art of a Brinvilliers, a Gorgon, an incendiary who sets fire to the - chteau de Lunville. And after she has exhausted everything, + château de Lunéville. And after she has exhausted everything, she adds: “All the evil that has been said of this diabolical woman is still below the truth.” She applies to her an old German proverb: “Where the devil can’t go @@ -1140,7 +1130,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> of friendship which I made to you; I beg you to continue to me your counsels and advice, and not to doubt a gratitude that can end only with my life.</p> -<p class="sig"><span class="blockquot"><span class="smcap">lisabeth Charlotte.</span></span></p> +<p class="sig"><span class="blockquot"><span class="smcap">Élisabeth Charlotte.</span></span></p> <p>Proud as Madame was, there was nothing for her, after such a step and such a reconciliation so painful to the core, but to become henceforth the intimate and cordial friend of Mme. @@ -1264,8 +1254,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> her liking. She regretted being obliged to dismiss her maids-of-honour, whose youth and gayety amused her; but she gave herself a compensation after her own heart, by taking - to herself, without official title, two friends, the Marchale - de Clrembault and the Comtesse de Beuvron, both widows, + to herself, without official title, two friends, the Maréchale + de Clérembault and the Comtesse de Beuvron, both widows, whom Monsieur had dismissed with aversion from the Court of the Palais-Royal, but to whom Madame had ever remained faithful in absence. They were the “friends in @@ -1307,11 +1297,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> her to such a degree that one might think in reading her letters that she was trying to imitate all that is most physical and unfit for women in its style of pleasantry. And yet - “the ‘Malade Imaginaire’ is not the one of Molire’s plays + “the ‘Malade Imaginaire’ is not the one of Molière’s plays that I like best,” she says; “Tartuffe pleases me better.” And in another letter: “I cannot write longer, for I am called to go to the theatre; I am to see the ‘Misanthrope,’ - the one of Molire’s plays that gives me the most pleasure.” + the one of Molière’s plays that gives me the most pleasure.” She admired Corneille and quotes the “Death of Pompey.” I do not know whether she liked “Esther,” but she must surely have loved Shakespeare. “I have often @@ -1398,7 +1388,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the world, and no one could pay their court more delicately than by bringing her a specimen. The collection that she thus formed was celebrated. She confided the care of it to - the learned Baudelot, who had all the erudition and navet + the learned Baudelot, who had all the erudition and naïveté of an antiquary, and with whom she sometimes amused herself. “One study alone,” says one of her eulogists, “attracted her—that of coins. Her series of the emperors of the @@ -1539,20 +1529,20 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> took a great liking to a natural son of the regent, whom he had by an opera-dancer named Florence; she said he reminded her of the “late Monsieur,” only with a better figure. - In short, she loved the young man, whom she called <i>her</i> Abb de Saint-Albin. He was afterwards Archbishop of + In short, she loved the young man, whom she called <i>her</i> Abbé de Saint-Albin. He was afterwards Archbishop of Cambrai, and when he made his argument before the Sorbonne (February, 1718) she was present in great state,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> thus declaring, and also honouring, the illegitimate birth of this grandson. Madame deserted on that day all her orthodox principles about the duties of rank, and allowed herself to follow her fancies.</p> <p>She died at the age of seventy at Saint-Cloud, December - 8, 1722, ten days after her faithful friend, the Marchale - de Clrembault, and one year before her son, the regent. + 8, 1722, ten days after her faithful friend, the Maréchale + de Clérembault, and one year before her son, the regent. According to her own wish, she was taken to Saint-Denis without pomp. The obsequies were performed in the following February. Massillon, whom she knew and loved, pronounced her funeral oration, which was thought fine. - Pre Cathalan, a Jesuit, pronounced another at Laon in + Père Cathalan, a Jesuit, pronounced another at Laon in March, from which I have taken certain traits of her character.</p> <p>Such as she is, with all her coarseness and her contradictions @@ -1563,7 +1553,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> has heart; do not ask charm of her, but say: “That Court would have lacked the most original of figures and of voices if Madame had not been of it.” Arriving at Versailles at - the moment when the La Vallire star declined and was + the moment when the La Vallière star declined and was eclipsed, and seeing only the last of the brilliant years, she enters little into that era of refinement which touches the imagination; but lacking that refinement, and solely @@ -1605,14 +1595,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>She was born at Heidelberg in 1652. Soon after her birth, her father, Charles-Louis, Elector Palatine, parted from his wife, Charlotte of Hesse-Cassel, and the little - daughter, lisabeth-Charlotte, was given to the care of her + daughter, Élisabeth-Charlotte, was given to the care of her father’s sister, Sophia, Electress of Hanover (mother of George I. of England); with whom she remained until her<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span> marriage, against her wishes, in 1671, to Monsieur, brother of Louis XIV., after the death of his first wife, Henrietta, daughter of Charles I. of England. The marriage was political,—Louis XIV. seeking to acquire rights in the Palatinate, and subsequently in Bavaria.</p> -<p>The father of lisabeth-Charlotte, after parting from his +<p>The father of Élisabeth-Charlotte, after parting from his wife, married morganatically Louise de Degenfeld, by whom he had five sons and three daughters,—these children being of course excluded from the succession. Madame, in her @@ -1625,12 +1615,12 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> for Madame alludes to them as containing secrets she did not write to others. Among the many personages to whom she wrote habitually were: Duke Antoine Ulrich of Brunswick; - her two unmarried half-sisters, Louise and Amlie, + her two unmarried half-sisters, Louise and Amélie, Countesses Palatine; her step-daughters, to whom she was warmly attached, Marie-Louise, wife of Charles II., King of Spain, and Anne-Marie, wife of Victor-Amadeus, Duke of Savoie and King of Sardinia and Sicily (the mother of - Marie-Adlade, Duchesse de Bourgogne); and her own + Marie-Adélaïde, Duchesse de Bourgogne); and her own daughter, the Duchesse de Lorraine. Besides these, she had a number of correspondents on the other side of the Rhine, such as her cousins the Queen of Prussia and the Duchess @@ -1662,7 +1652,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and an historical value.”</p> <p>The following letters are almost exclusively addressed to her half-sisters, and chiefly to the Comtesse Louise, the - Comtesse Amlie having died in 1709. The names of her + Comtesse Amélie having died in 1709. The names of her correspondents do not precede the letters in the French edition, except in a few instances.</p> <p>Madame needs no interpreter, for even her vituperative @@ -1678,7 +1668,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> regent. She was buried in Saint-Denis, and Massillon pronounced her funeral oration.</p> <hr class="tb" /> -<p>The letters of Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne +<p>The letters of Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne and dauphine, are of little value, as the reader will see, if judged historically, or as a document on the manners and customs of a period. They are placed here as a contemporary @@ -1753,7 +1743,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>I beg you to greet for me all our old friends in the Palatinate; I curse this war to-day more than ever. My poor son, who has been seriously ill and is still taking quinine, - was engaged in that affair when Marchal de Villeroy fell + was engaged in that affair when Maréchal de Villeroy fell upon the rear-guard of the Prince de Vaudemont and put four battalions to flight. Though my son has had the luck to escape a wound, I tremble lest fatigue should bring back @@ -1852,7 +1842,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> had lost a shoe and he had gone to a village to have it put on. A peasant said there was a very skilful barber two leagues off who set legs and arms every day of his life; - when I heard he had such experience I got into a calche + when I heard he had such experience I got into a calèche and was driven to him—not without very great pain. As soon as he had set my arm I suffered nothing and drove back here at once. My surgeon and Monsieur’s surgeon examined @@ -1906,7 +1896,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> been to Montargis, whence we have come back here, where we found the courier who brought us the dispensation for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> my daughter’s marriage. It will take place Monday next and two days later she will start. [Mlle. de Chartres - married Lopold, Duc de Lorraine, and was the mother of + married Léopold, Duc de Lorraine, and was the mother of Francis I., Emperor of Germany, the husband of Maria Theresa.] You can easily imagine that my heart is full, and that I am nearer to weeping than laughing, for my @@ -1971,7 +1961,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Marly</span>, 1700.</p> <p>It is not a mere tale that the King of Morocco has asked in marriage the Princesse de Conti [daughter of Louis XIV. - and Louise de la Vallire], but the king repulsed the proposal<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> sharply. That princess was extremely beautiful before + and Louise de la Vallière], but the king repulsed the proposal<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> sharply. That princess was extremely beautiful before she had the small-pox, but her illness has greatly changed her. She still has a perfect figure and charming carriage, and dances admirably; I never saw any engraved portrait @@ -2082,7 +2072,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> cannot be consoled for the death of her husband, though she bears her sorrow with Christian resignation. I have nothing new to tell you; I walk and read and write; sometimes the - king drives me to the hunt in his calche. There are hunts + king drives me to the hunt in his calèche. There are hunts every day; Sundays and Wednesdays are my son’s days; the king hunts Mondays and Thursdays; Wednesdays and Saturdays Monseigneur hunts the wolf; M. le Comte de @@ -2175,10 +2165,10 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and most essential.</p> <p>I have in no way approved of the ill-treatment of the Reformers; but as to that, one must blame politics, which - is a subject to be treated of <i>tte--tte</i> and not touched upon + is a subject to be treated of <i>tête-à-tête</i> and not touched upon by way of the post. I shall therefore follow your good example and write of something else.</p> -<p>The jubilee bull has not converted all the abbs, for there +<p>The jubilee bull has not converted all the abbés, for there are still a goodly number of them in Paris who court the women. I never in my life could understand how any one could fall in love with an ecclesiastic. Neither you nor your @@ -2226,7 +2216,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Versailles</span>, 1706.<br /> </p> -<p>Amlie [another sister, Comtesse Palatine] writes me that +<p>Amélie [another sister, Comtesse Palatine] writes me that she has answered the king of Prussia, and makes many jokes about it. I would reply to her in the same tone, but since the day before yesterday I have lost all desire to laugh @@ -2305,7 +2295,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> from Versailles without the king’s permission. It is not wrong, therefore, that I should wish to be with you in our dear Palatinate; but God does not will that here below we - should be fully satisfied. You and Amlie are free, but your + should be fully satisfied. You and Amélie are free, but your health is bad; I am lonely, but my health, thank God, is perfect.</p> <p>You are mistaken if you think that no lamentations are @@ -2357,7 +2347,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Last Wednesday I went to Paris; every one was in alarm about the bread-famine. As I was going to the Palais-Royal, the people called out to me: “There is a riot; - forty persons are killed already.” An hour later the Marchal + forty persons are killed already.” An hour later the Maréchal de Boufflers and the Duc de Grammont had appeased it all; we went tranquilly to the opera and returned to Versailles on Saturday.</p> @@ -2366,7 +2356,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Versailles</span>, June, 1710.<br /> </p> <p>I have to inform you of the marriage of my grand-daughter - [Marie-Louise-lisabeth] to the Duc de Berry. Monday, + [Marie-Louise-Élisabeth] to the Duc de Berry. Monday, the king came to my room at Marly and announced to me that he should declare it publicly the next day. I had been told of it the night before, with an express injunction not to @@ -2440,7 +2430,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> married secretly; her name was Mlle. Choin; she is still in Paris. What prevented the old Maintenon from being declared queen were the good reasons given against it to the - king by the Archbishop of Cambrai, M. de Fnelon; and + king by the Archbishop of Cambrai, M. de Fénelon; and that is why she persecuted that good and respectable prelate till his death.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> @@ -2534,7 +2524,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> years, I have not yet accustomed myself to the detestable cooking of this country. After my dinner, which is usually over by a quarter to two, I return to my cabinet and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span> rest half an hour, and then I read and write till it is time for - the king’s supper; sometimes my ladies play <i>ombre</i> or <i>brelan</i> beside my table. Madame d’Orlans or the Duchesse de + the king’s supper; sometimes my ladies play <i>ombre</i> or <i>brelan</i> beside my table. Madame d’Orléans or the Duchesse de Berry, or sometimes my son, comes to see me between half-past nine and ten. At a quarter to eleven we take our places at table and wait for the king, who sometimes does not come @@ -2562,7 +2552,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> approve of the people being faithful to a master so long as he shows himself worthy of their affection; but when he abandons them it would be better not to shed so much blood, - and to submit peaceably. But those cursd monks are afraid + and to submit peaceably. But those cursèd monks are afraid they cannot live as they choose and be respected as much as they have been under a king of France, and so they preached<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span> up and down the streets that Barcelona must not be surrendered. If my advice were followed they would put those @@ -2580,9 +2570,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> a stag that was rather malicious; but one gentleman slipped round a rock behind him and wounded him in the shoulder, so that not being able to butt with his head he was no longer - dangerous. Behind my calche was another carriage in + dangerous. Behind my calèche was another carriage in which were three priests,—the Archbishop of Lyons and - two abbs; fearing to be attacked by the stag two of them + two abbés; fearing to be attacked by the stag two of them jumped out and flung themselves flat on their stomachs on the ground. I am sorry I did not see that scene, which would have made me laugh, for we old hunters are not so @@ -2653,8 +2643,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> preserve us! I will tell you later whatever happens in regard to that old woman.</p> <p>We have just received the sad news of the death of the - Archbishop of Cambrai [Fnelon]. He is much regretted. - He was a great friend to my son. Also the good Marchal + Archbishop of Cambrai [Fénelon]. He is much regretted. + He was a great friend to my son. Also the good Maréchal de Chamilly, who was a very brave and worthy man, died two days ago [The Marquis de Chamilly; to him were addressed the famous “Portuguese Letters”].</p> @@ -2700,7 +2690,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>You cannot be surprised, my dear Louise, if I often have reason to be sad; for you must have read the long letter I sent to my aunt, our dear electress, by the hands of - M. de Werseb. The rancour that the <i>vilaine</i> has against + M. de Wersebé. The rancour that the <i>vilaine</i> has against me will end only with her life; all that she can imagine to do me harm and grieve me she never omits. She is more angry with me now than ever because I would not see her @@ -2796,7 +2786,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> many visits to make and receive, and that I have received and written many letters. I am extremely troubled both by the loss of the king and by the fact that I must go and live - in that cursd Paris. If I spend a year there I shall be + in that cursèd Paris. If I spend a year there I shall be horribly ill; for that reason I want to quit it as soon as I can and go to Saint-Cloud. All this worries me much, but complaining does no good. I am very frank and very natural, @@ -2992,7 +2982,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Vaudemont. The latter behaved as if he knew nothing, and said that a search must be made immediately. At the end of an hour the prince ordered all the portcullises raised, so - that no one was able to leave the chteau for three days. + that no one was able to leave the château for three days. During this time the chevalier reached Bretagne, and jumped into a fishing-boat which took him out to a Scotch vessel in which there were several lords, with whom he went to Scotland. @@ -3021,25 +3011,25 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>M. Leibnitz, to whom I sometimes write, assures me that I do not write German badly; this has given me great pleasure, for I should not like to forget my mother tongue.</p> -<p>The third daughter of Mme. d’Orlans, Louise-Adlade, is +<p>The third daughter of Mme. d’Orléans, Louise-Adélaïde, is well brought up and is not ugly. She firmly persists in being a nun; but I think she has no vocation for it. I do my best to turn her from the notion; but she has always had this folly in her head. She has very pretty hands and a skin that is naturally white and pink.</p> -<p>Mme. d’Orlans has had six daughters. The first died +<p>Mme. d’Orléans has had six daughters. The first died when she was two years old; the second is the Duchesse de Berry; the third is seventeen, they call her Mlle. de Chartres, and it is she who wants to be a nun; she is the prettiest of - them all both in face and figure; the fourth is Charlotte-Agla,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span> Mlle. de Valois; she will be fifteen in October. Then + them all both in face and figure; the fourth is Charlotte-Aglaé,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span> Mlle. de Valois; she will be fifteen in October. Then comes the Duc de Chartres, who is twelve in August. The - fifth girl, Louise-lisabeth, Mlle. de Montpensier, who is in a + fifth girl, Louise-Élisabeth, Mlle. de Montpensier, who is in a convent at Beauvais, was six on the eleventh of this month;<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> and finally Mlle. de Beaujolais, who is only a year old; Mme. - d’Orlans is again pregnant. No one ever thought of marrying + d’Orléans is again pregnant. No one ever thought of marrying Mlle. de Chartres to the Chevalier de Saint-George; it is true that it was rumoured about, but the persons whom it concerned never thought of it.</p> -<p>Mme. d’Orlans is not of my opinion as regards her daughters; +<p>Mme. d’Orléans is not of my opinion as regards her daughters; she would like to have them all nuns. She is not stupid enough to fancy that that would take them to heaven; but she desires it from pure laziness; for she is the laziest @@ -3048,7 +3038,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> trouble herself about them; she lets them quarrel and do what they like. All that is without my approbation; and they must get out of it as they can. I am convinced that - Mme. d’Orlans’ ailments and weaknesses come from the + Mme. d’Orléans’ ailments and weaknesses come from the fact that she is always in bed or on a sofa; she eats and drinks lying down. It is pure indolence in her. That is why we cannot take our meals together. She has not spoken @@ -3218,9 +3208,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> he was a bad manager, and his people robbed him. As long as they gave him a thousand pistoles for his gambling and debauchery he let them dissipate and pillage his property as - they chose. La Granay contrived to get a great deal of + they chose. La Grançay contrived to get a great deal of money out of him. He came to a dreadful end. He was - sitting with Mme. de Mar, sister of Mme. de Granay, and + sitting with Mme. de Maré, sister of Mme. de Grançay, and was telling her how he had passed the night in debauchery, relating the utmost horrors, when he was struck with apoplexy, lost his speech at once, and never recovered consciousness.</p> @@ -3241,7 +3231,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the thing was at least doubtful to the eyes of the public; an opposite behaviour would have given proof that it was true.</p> -<p>I am now satisfied with Mme. d’Orlans; she shows me +<p>I am now satisfied with Mme. d’Orléans; she shows me great respect, and I, too, do my best to please her in everything, and I live with her now as politely as possible. She never could resolve to dine with the king, her father, therefore @@ -3284,10 +3274,10 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> longer concerned himself about them.</p> <p>Nangis, who commanded the king’s regiment, was not displeasing to the dauphine, but he had more liking for the - little La Vrillire. The dauphin was fond of Nangis, and + little La Vrillière. The dauphin was fond of Nangis, and thought it was to please him that his wife talked to Nangis; he was convinced that his favourite had gallant relations - with Mme. de La Vrillire.</p> + with Mme. de La Vrillière.</p> <p>My son is no longer a young man of twenty; he is forty-two, and therefore they cannot pardon him in Paris for running after women like a hare-brained youth when he has @@ -3298,7 +3288,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> faithless ministers, ruined.</p> <p>I cannot deny that my son has a great inclination for women; he has now a sultana-queen, named Mme. de - Parabre. Her mother, Mme. de la Vieuville, was lady of + Parabère. Her mother, Mme. de la Vieuville, was lady of the bed-chamber to the Duchesse de Berry, and that is where he made her acquaintance. She is now a widow, with a fine figure, tall and well-made; her skin is dark and @@ -3325,7 +3315,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> lowering them. And yet a stranger arrives, an English nobody, with a flat cap, and suddenly all the princesses have gone from one extreme to the other.”</p> -<p>Mme. d’Orlans looks older than she is, for she puts on a +<p>Mme. d’Orléans looks older than she is, for she puts on a great deal of rouge, and her cheeks and nose are pendent; moreover the small-pox has left her with a trembling of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</a></span> head like that of an old woman. She is so indolent she expects to have larks drop roasted into her mouth, but @@ -3405,8 +3395,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> matter she and the confessor sent them to prison or exiled them. Those two caused all the persecutions that were levelled in France against the poor Reformers and Lutherans. - That Jesuit with the long ears, Pre La Chaise, - began the work in union with the old <i>guenipe</i>, and Pre + That Jesuit with the long ears, Père La Chaise, + began the work in union with the old <i>guenipe</i>, and Père Tellier finished it; it was thus that France has been utterly ruined.</p> <p>The old woman was implacable, and when she had once @@ -3429,7 +3419,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> look at a woman; she disgusted him with society, to have him and govern him alone, and this under pretence of taking care of his soul. She controlled him so well that he even - exiled the Duchesse de la Fert who posed as being in love + exiled the Duchesse de la Ferté who posed as being in love with him. When that duchess could not see him she had his portrait in her carriage, in order to look at him constantly. The king said she made him ridiculous, and sent her an @@ -3437,7 +3427,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> that the Duchesse de Roquelaire, of the family of Laval, had made a conquest of the king; certainly his Majesty was not angry about her as he was with the Duchesse de la - Fert. Gossip had a great deal to say about this intrigue, + Ferté. Gossip had a great deal to say about this intrigue, but I never put my nose into it.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1716.<br /> @@ -3540,7 +3530,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the dauphin through his mistresses, which she could not have done had he continued to love his wife. That old woman had conceived such a terrible hatred to the poor - princess, that I believe she had given orders to Clment, + princess, that I believe she had given orders to Clément, the <i>accoucheur</i>, to manage her ill. What confirms me in this idea is that she nearly killed the dauphine by going to see her in perfumed gloves; she afterwards said it was @@ -3603,9 +3593,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>I never had but one hundred louis for cards until the death of my mother; after Monsieur received the money of the Palatinate he doubled that allowance.</p> -<p>The Marchale de Villars runs after the Comte de Toulouse; +<p>The Maréchale de Villars runs after the Comte de Toulouse; my son is also in her good graces, and he is not - discreet. The Marchal de Villars came to see me one day, + discreet. The Maréchal de Villars came to see me one day, and as he assumes to know much about medals he asked to see mine. Baudelot,<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a> a very honourable and learned man, who is in charge of them, was obliged to show them. @@ -3638,8 +3628,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1717.<br /> </p> -<p>It is certain that the Comtesse de Soissons, Anglique-Cungonde, - daughter of Franois-Henri de Luxembourg, has +<p>It is certain that the Comtesse de Soissons, Angélique-Cunégonde, + daughter of François-Henri de Luxembourg, has much virtue and capacity, though, like all the world, she has defects. One may say of her indeed that she is a poor princess. Her husband, Louis-Henri, Comte de Soissons, is @@ -3647,14 +3637,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> would have been very handsome, for all her features are fine; eyes, mouth, and lines of the face could not be better; her nose is a little too large, and her skin not delicate. All - her sons, except Prince Eugne, have not been worth much, - and any one who resembles Eugne cannot be good-looking. + her sons, except Prince Eugène, have not been worth much, + and any one who resembles Eugène cannot be good-looking. When he was young he was not so very ugly; but he has grown ugly in growing old; he never had a fine countenance or the noble air; his eyes are not bad, but his nose spoils his face; his teeth are too large and protrude from his mouth; he is always dirty, and he wears greasy hair which - he never curls. I think a good deal of Prince Eugne, for + he never curls. I think a good deal of Prince Eugène, for he is not selfish. He did a fine action: he left behind him here a great many debts; after he entered the service of the emperor and acquired a fortune he paid to the last @@ -3663,11 +3653,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> such loyalty could have betrayed his master for money. The accusations of the traitor Nimtsch are lies and the work of that devil of an Alberoni. I see from the “Gazette - of Vienna” which you sent me that Prince Eugne does not + of Vienna” which you sent me that Prince Eugène does not intend to let so horrible an accusation drop, but will pursue the Comte de Nimtsch to the death. That is right.</p> <p>I thank you for the silver coin you send; it comes - extremely <i> propos</i>. I have also the Doctor Luther in + extremely <i>à propos</i>. I have also the Doctor Luther in gold and in silver. I am convinced that Luther would have done much better not to make a separate Church, but to have confined himself to opposing the abuses of the @@ -3697,7 +3687,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> French spelling; the letter is in German, but she quotes her son in French, as follows:</p> <p>“Vous saves bien, Madame, qu’on ne peust Evitter ce que - Dieu vous a de tout temps destines; ainsi, sije le suis + Dieu vous a de tout temps destines; ainsi, sije le suis à perir, je ne Le pourris Evitter; ainsi je feres que ce qui est raisonnable pour ma Conservation, mais rien dextraordinaire.”]</p> <p>My son has studied much; he has a good memory; he @@ -3756,7 +3746,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> king, as in her day. I answered with these lines:—</p> <p class="blockquot"> “Those happy days are gone; the face of all is changed<br /> Since to these parts the gods have brought<br /> - The daughter of the Cretan king and Pasipha.”<br /> + The daughter of the Cretan king and Pasiphaë.”<br /> </p> <p>Torey took them to the <i>guenipe</i>, as if I meant her—which was true enough; and the king was sulky with me for a @@ -3973,7 +3963,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> that name is unlucky, Monsieur would not let my second son bear it; that is why he received the name of Duc de Chartres, which he bore till the death of his father; then he - took the name of Duc d’Orlans, and his son is now the Duc + took the name of Duc d’Orléans, and his son is now the Duc de Chartres.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1717.<br /> @@ -4052,7 +4042,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> to all sorts of debauchery. If she had not had so much intellect no one could have endured her. She owed her vices to Frenchmen, especially to old Bourdelot, who was - the doctor of the great Cond; he encouraged her in her + the doctor of the great Condé; he encouraged her in her license. She talked of things that the worst men only could have imagined. She was considered to be an hermaphrodite. The Frenchmen who were with her in Stockholm were @@ -4154,7 +4144,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> honour he would admit that the kingdom did not belong to him, but to the legitimate sovereign, now called The Pretender; who was the son of James II. as surely as he, - the prince, was the son of Comte Knigsmarck. It was + the prince, was the son of Comte Königsmarck. It was terribly insolent.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1718.<br /> @@ -4317,7 +4307,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1718.<br /> </p> <p>I received a letter yesterday from my daughter; she and - her husband are, thank God, safely back at Lunville in good + her husband are, thank God, safely back at Lunéville in good health. She sends me the measure of the height of her eldest son, taken the week before he was eleven years old; he is just as tall as the Duc de Chartres, who will be fifteen @@ -4325,7 +4315,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> be a giant, for the Duc de Chartres is not small for his age. All my Lorraine children are robust; their mother is healthy and always well; she is not good for nothing like Mme. - d’Orlans. Never did any one hear of such laziness as hers. + d’Orléans. Never did any one hear of such laziness as hers. She has had a sofa made on which she can lie while playing lansquenet; we laugh at her, but it does no good. She plays cards lying down; she eats lying down; she reads lying @@ -4337,7 +4327,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the first and third are tall and stout; they are built like men,—Mlle. de Valois especially.</p> <p>The Montespan, the <i>guenipe</i>, and all the waiting-women - made Mme. d’Orlans believe that she did my son great + made Mme. d’Orléans believe that she did my son great honour in consenting to marry him. She cannot endure any contradiction on the subject of her vanity in being daughter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[Pg 120]</a></span> of the king; she does not comprehend the difference between legitimate and bastard children; her nature is proud and @@ -4530,7 +4520,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>She answered: “I can’t say; but I don’t like innocent pleasures.”</p> <p>This Duchesse de Longueville was sister of the - Prince de Cond. She had led a very irregular life, but + Prince de Condé. She had led a very irregular life, but afterwards repented and did penance, and never ceased<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[Pg 126]</a></span> to fast and pray for the rest of her days. She changed so much that no one could imagine she had ever been handsome; her figure alone preserved its grace—but these @@ -4596,7 +4586,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the blood like herself did not condescend to write libels; that Cardinal de Polignac [her lover] had been employed in far too great affairs to meddle in such trifles; and that - M. de Malzieux was too great a philosopher to know about + M. de Malézieux was too great a philosopher to know about anything but science; and as for herself, she was solely occupied in bringing up her children and making them<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[Pg 128]</a></span> worthy of the rank of princes of the blood—of which they were unjustly deprived. My son confined himself to saying: @@ -4671,7 +4661,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> furious against my son that I am constantly afraid they will assassinate him. The duchess makes the most insulting speeches; she said at table: “They say that I push parliament - to revolt against the Duc d’Orlans; but I despise + to revolt against the Duc d’Orléans; but I despise him too much to take such a noble vengeance against him—I shall know how to avenge myself otherwise.” You see what a fury that woman is, and whether I have not good @@ -4815,14 +4805,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>When I first came to France I saw here many persons such as one may not find again in centuries. There was Lulli, for music; Beauchamp, for ballets; Corneille and - Racine, for tragedy; Molire, for comedy; la Chamelle and - Beauval, actresses; Baron, Lafleur, Torilire, and Gurin, + Racine, for tragedy; Molière, for comedy; la Chamelle and + Beauval, actresses; Baron, Lafleur, Torilière, and Guérin, actors. All these persons excelled in their vocations. La Duclos and la Raisin were equally good; the latter had a great deal of charm. Her husband was also excellent in comic parts. There was likewise a good harlequin and a capital scaramouch. There were good singers at the opera, - Cldire, Pomerueil, Godenarche, Dumnil, la Rochechouard, + Clédière, Pomerueil, Godenarche, Duménil, la Rochechouard, Mauvry, la Saint-Christophe, la Brigogne, la Beaucreux. All that one sees and hears now does not come up to such talents.</p> @@ -4835,7 +4825,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> they are good-humoured, very shameless, and can eat and drink a great deal, he does not mind about their faces.</p> <p>The Duc du Maine and his party have let his sister [the - Duchesse d’Orlans] know that if my son dies she will + Duchesse d’Orléans] know that if my son dies she will be made regent, and they have promised her they would then act in all things by her will, and she would be the greatest figure that there was in the world. They told her<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[Pg 135]</a></span> they meant no harm to my son, but that he could not live @@ -4843,7 +4833,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> else become blind, in which case he would consent to her exercising the regency. I heard all this from a person to whom the Duc du Maine himself told it; and when one - knows it one is not surprised that Mme. d’Orlans wanted to + knows it one is not surprised that Mme. d’Orléans wanted to force her daughter to marry the Duc du Maine’s son.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Saint-Cloud</span>, 1719.<br /> @@ -4879,7 +4869,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>My son has found himself obliged to arrest Prince Cellamare, because they found on his messenger, who was - the Abb Porto-Carrero, letters from the ambassador which + the Abbé Porto-Carrero, letters from the ambassador which revealed a conspiracy against the king and against my son. The ambassador was arrested by two of the Councillors of State. In his secret despatches he warned Alberoni to be @@ -4898,7 +4888,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> said such infamies of the regent, he replied that he must admit there had been a little poison in his remarks, but that poison was necessary to compose an antidote. What - is very strange is that the Marchal de Noailles, once my + is very strange is that the Maréchal de Noailles, once my son’s sub-governor, is implicated in the plot; that is because he is related to that devil incarnate, the Princesse des Ursins, who will pursue my son to the death,—her sole @@ -4906,7 +4896,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> lover. Cellamare’s letters have been printed, so that every one can see the thread of the conspiracy.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[Pg 137]</a></span></p> -<p>If the Abb Dubois were at his first lie he would be dead +<p>If the Abbé Dubois were at his first lie he would be dead long ago; he is passed master in the art of lying, above all when it is to his personal advantage; if I wrote down all that I know about that, it would make a long litany. It @@ -4923,33 +4913,33 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> on the ground to pounce on a hen. But he can express himself so well as an honest man that I regarded him as such till the marriage of my son; it was then I discovered - his trickery. If that abb were as good a Christian as he + his trickery. If that abbé were as good a Christian as he is an able man, he would be excellent; but he believes in nothing, and it is that which makes him false and a scoundrel. He is well-informed, no doubt of that, and he gave my son a good education; but I wish he had never seen him, and then this miserable marriage, which I deplore, - would never have taken place. Except the Abb Dubois, + would never have taken place. Except the Abbé Dubois, no priest has any favour with my son.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1719.<br /> </p> <p>It is certain that my son is much to be pitied on account of his wife, and for this, if there were no other reason, I - cannot comprehend why he should like the Abb Dubois - as he does; for it was that abb who persuaded him to + cannot comprehend why he should like the Abbé Dubois + as he does; for it was that abbé who persuaded him to consent to the marriage and plunged him into all that affliction. My son sees his wife every day; if she is in a good humour he stays a long time with her; if she is<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[Pg 138]</a></span> out of temper, which often happens, he goes away and says nothing.</p> -<p>I used to be attached to the Abb Dubois because I +<p>I used to be attached to the Abbé Dubois because I thought that he truly loved my son and only thought of his good and his advantage; but when I found he was a faithless dog looking to nothing but his own interests, and did not care in the least for my son’s honour, but was helping to precipitate him to eternal damnation by letting him plunge into debauchery, all my esteem for that little priest changed - to contempt. I heard from my son himself that the abb + to contempt. I heard from my son himself that the abbé met him once as he was about to enter a bad house, and instead of taking him by the arm and leading him away, he only laughed. By such laxity and by my son’s marriage @@ -4957,7 +4947,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> in him. I am not wrong in suspecting him of taking part in that marriage. What I know I have from my son himself and from the persons around the old <i>vilaine</i> in the - days when the abb went to her secretly at night to help + days when the abbé went to her secretly at night to help her intrigues and betray the young master whom he sold.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Saint-Cloud</span>, 1719.<br /> @@ -4969,14 +4959,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> discovered; the papers of the ambassador of Spain were seized, the persons arrested have confessed. The duchess, being a princess of the blood [daughter of M. le Prince de - Cond], was arrested by four captains of the guard; her husband, + Condé], was arrested by four captains of the guard; her husband, who was in the country, by a lieutenant. That makes a great difference between them. The duchess was sent to Dijon, and her husband to Doullens, a little fortress. Their people who were in the plot have been put in the Bastille.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[Pg 139]</a></span></p> -<p>Mme. d’Orlans is much distressed, but is much more +<p>Mme. d’Orléans is much distressed, but is much more reasonable than Mme. la Duchesse. She says that, as her husband was compelled to adopt such rigorous measures against his brother-in-law, there must have been strong @@ -5024,7 +5014,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the partisans of the Constitution [bull Unigenitus] are his adversaries; but they keep themselves quiet, and nothing is shown to compromise them. They are clever people. Mme. - d’Orlans is beginning to laugh and show satisfaction; which + d’Orléans is beginning to laugh and show satisfaction; which worries me, because I know she has consulted the president of parliament [Mesmes] and other persons to learn whether in case of her husband’s death, she could be appointed regent @@ -5085,7 +5075,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>You ask me what has recently made me so angry; I cannot tell it in detail, only in the gross. It is the horrible - coquetry of Mlle. de Valois with that cursd Duc de Richelieu, + coquetry of Mlle. de Valois with that cursèd Duc de Richelieu, who has shown the letters that he had from her, for he only loves her from vanity. All the young seigneurs of the Court have read the letters in which she assigns him rendezvous. @@ -5109,15 +5099,15 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> why, for he is a little toad in whom I can see nothing agreeable. He has no courage; he is impertinent, faithless, and indiscreet; he says harm of all his mistresses; and yet - a princess of the blood-royal [Mlle. de Charolais, grand-daughter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[Pg 143]</a></span> of M. le Prince de Cond] is so in love with him + a princess of the blood-royal [Mlle. de Charolais, grand-daughter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[Pg 143]</a></span> of M. le Prince de Condé] is so in love with him that when he became a widower she wanted to marry him. Her grandmother and brother formally opposed it, and with reason, for independently of the misalliance she would have been, all her life, most unhappy. He has had each of his mistresses painted in the various habits of the religious orders: Mlle. de Charolais as a Franciscan nun,—they say it - is an excellent likeness; the Marchale de Villars and the - Marchale d’Estres in the Capucin habit.</p> + is an excellent likeness; the Maréchale de Villars and the + Maréchale d’Estrées in the Capucin habit.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Saint-Cloud</span>, 1719.<br /> </p> @@ -5131,7 +5121,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> that of Madame. The daughters of the king are also called so, but, to distinguish them, the baptismal name is added; for instance, the three daughters of Henri II. were called: - Madame lisabeth, who became Queen of Spain; Madame + Madame Élisabeth, who became Queen of Spain; Madame Henriette, who became Queen of England; and Madame Christine, who was afterwards Duchesse de Savoie. The daughters of the king’s brother are called Mademoiselle; @@ -5214,7 +5204,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> finances, but publicly, with honour. It is quite false that he has bought a palace from the Duchesse de Berry; she has none to sell; all the houses she has return to the king,—such - as Meudon, Chville, and La Muette.</p> + as Meudon, Châville, and La Muette.</p> <p>Law is so pursued that he has no peace day or night; a duchess kissed his hands in sight of everybody, and if duchesses kiss his hands, what will not the other women @@ -5314,11 +5304,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>I promised to tell you about my journey to Chelles [to witness the installation of her grand-daughter as abbess of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[Pg 149]</a></span> the convent of Chelles]. I started Thursday at seven o’clock, - with the Duchesse de Brancas, Mme. de Chteauthiers, and + with the Duchesse de Brancas, Mme. de Châteauthiers, and Mme. de Rathsamhausen; we arrived at half-past ten. My grandson, the Duc de Chartres, had already arrived; my son came a few minutes later; then Mlle. de Valois. Mme. - d’Orlans had herself bled expressly to be unable to come. + d’Orléans had herself bled expressly to be unable to come. She and the abbess are not very good friends; and besides, her extreme laziness would prevent her from getting up so early.</p> @@ -5375,21 +5365,21 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> repast; and after dinner was over they let the people come in and pillage the dessert and confectionery. At a quarter to five my carriage came, and I returned to Saint-Cloud.</p> -<p>You ask me if my Abb de Saint-Albin and his brother - the Chevalier d’Orlans have the same mother; no. The - chevalier is legitimatized, but the poor abb has not been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[Pg 151]</a></span> so at all. He has the family look, and strongly resembles +<p>You ask me if my Abbé de Saint-Albin and his brother + the Chevalier d’Orléans have the same mother; no. The + chevalier is legitimatized, but the poor abbé has not been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[Pg 151]</a></span> so at all. He has the family look, and strongly resembles the late Monsieur; he is something like his father and is very like Mlle. de Valois. He is some years older than the chevalier and is very grieved to see his younger brother so much above him. The chevalier, who for some time past has been the grand-prior of France in the Order of - Malta, is the son of Mlle. de Sry, formerly my maid-of-honour; + Malta, is the son of Mlle. de Séry, formerly my maid-of-honour; she now calls herself Mme. d’Argenton. The mother - of the abb is an opera-dancer named Florence. My son + of the abbé is an opera-dancer named Florence. My son has also a daughter by the left hand, whom he does not - recognize; he has married her to a Marquis de Sgur; her + recognize; he has married her to a Marquis de Ségur; her mother was Desmares, one of the best actresses in the - king’s troupe. I love the Abb de Saint-Albin, and he + king’s troupe. I love the Abbé de Saint-Albin, and he deserves it. In the first place, he loves me sincerely, and in the next he conducts himself extremely well. He has intellect; he is reasonable, and there is no canting bigotry @@ -5430,8 +5420,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <h3><span class="smcap">Letters of</span> 1720-1722.</h3> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Paris</span>, 1720.</p> <p>I have often walked about at night in the gallery of the - chteau of Fontainebleau, where they say the ghost of the - late king Franois I. appears; but the good man never did + château of Fontainebleau, where they say the ghost of the + late king François I. appears; but the good man never did me the honour to appear to me; perhaps he does not think my prayers sufficiently efficacious to call him out of purgatory; and in that he may be right enough.</p> @@ -5471,8 +5461,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> never chose to stay there. My son is like all the rest of the family, he wants the things to which he has been accustomed from his youth to go on forever. That is why he - cannot part with the Abb Dubois, though he knows his - knavery. That abb wanted to persuade me, myself, that + cannot part with the Abbé Dubois, though he knows his + knavery. That abbé wanted to persuade me, myself, that the marriage of my son was very advantageous for him. I replied: “And Honour, monsieur, what can repair that?” The Maintenon had made great promises to him and also to @@ -5486,7 +5476,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>We have had few queens in France who have been perfectly happy. Marie de’ Medici died in exile; the mother of the king and Monsieur was miserable as long as her - husband lived; and our own queen, Marie-Thrse, used to + husband lived; and our own queen, Marie-Thérèse, used to say that since she became queen she had never had but one day of true contentment. She was certainly excessively silly, but the best and most virtuous woman on earth; she @@ -5554,9 +5544,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Hamburg.</p> <p>We no longer know here what a Court is. No ladies come to see me, because I will not allow them to present themselves - before me as they do before Mme. d’Orlans, with scarfs, + before me as they do before Mme. d’Orléans, with scarfs, and no bodies to their loose gowns. Those are things that - I will not tolerate. I prefer to see no one at all than to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[Pg 157]</a></span> permit such familiarities. Mme. d’Orlans has spoilt these + I will not tolerate. I prefer to see no one at all than to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[Pg 157]</a></span> permit such familiarities. Mme. d’Orléans has spoilt these women; she does not make herself respected and does not really know what rank is. Mmes. de Montesson and de Maintenon, who brought her up, did not know either. She @@ -5583,7 +5573,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> have brought about. My son spares himself no trouble, but after working from morning till night he likes to amuse himself at supper with his little black crow [the regent’s - name for Mme. de Parabre].</p> + name for Mme. de Parabère].</p> <p>According to public clamour things are going horribly ill. I wish Law had been at the devil with his system, and had never set foot in France. The people do me too much @@ -5713,8 +5703,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> should be left there to die of hunger; I much preferred to be reconciled with the king. As for retiring to a convent, that was not at all my reckoning—though it was just what the - old woman would have liked to make me do. The chteau - de Montargis is my dower-house; at Orlans there is no + old woman would have liked to make me do. The château + de Montargis is my dower-house; at Orléans there is no house; Saint-Cloud is not an appanage, it is private property which Monsieur bought with his own money. Now my dower is nothing; all that I have to live upon comes from @@ -5726,7 +5716,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[Pg 162]</a></span></p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Saint-Cloud</span>, 1720. </p> -<p>The king forgot La Vallire as completely as if he had +<p>The king forgot La Vallière as completely as if he had never seen her or known her in his life. She had as many virtues as the Montespan had vices. The sole weakness that she had for the king was very excusable. The king was @@ -5738,7 +5728,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> did her the utmost injustice in accusing her of loving any one but the king—but lies cost the Montespan nothing. It was at her instigation that the king so ill-treated La - Vallire. The poor creature’s heart was pierced; but she + Vallière. The poor creature’s heart was pierced; but she fancied she was offering the greatest sacrifice to God in immolating to him the source of her sin on the very spot where the sin was committed. Therefore, she stayed on, as @@ -5789,7 +5779,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> sees me, it would be a real scandal. Besides, since I have grown old, I snore very loud, which would make people laugh, and the preacher himself might be disconcerted.</p> -<p>I have three fine Bibles: that of Mrian, which my aunt,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[Pg 164]</a></span> the Abbess of Maubuisson, bequeathed to me; an edition of +<p>I have three fine Bibles: that of Mérian, which my aunt,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[Pg 164]</a></span> the Abbess of Maubuisson, bequeathed to me; an edition of Luneburg which is very fine, and another sent to me last year by the Princess of Oldenbourg. The latter is like me, short and thick, and neither the print nor the engravings are @@ -5813,13 +5803,13 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and I think he is very fortunate not to have suffered longer.</p> <p>I know a person who has been the very intimate friend of - a learned abb That abb knew most particularly well the + a learned abbé That abbé knew most particularly well the celebrated Descartes at the time when he was living in Amsterdam, before he went to Sweden to visit Queen Christina. - The abb often told my friend that Descartes used to + The abbé often told my friend that Descartes used to laugh at his own system and say: “I have cut them out a fine piece of work; we’ll see who will be fool enough to - take hold of it” [or “be taken in by it.” <i>Je leur ai taill de + take hold of it” [or “be taken in by it.” <i>Je leur ai taillé de la besogne; nous verrons qui sera assez sot pour y donner</i>].</p> <p>I have seen that other philosopher, M. de La Mothe<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[Pg 165]</a></span> Vayer; with all his talent he scurried along like a crazy man. He always wore furred boots and a cap lined with @@ -5828,13 +5818,13 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>As long as I was at Heidelberg I never read a novel; his Highness, my father, would not let me do so; but since I have been here I have compensated myself finely. There - are none that I have not read: “Astre,” “Clopatre,” “Alfie,” + are none that I have not read: “Astrée,” “Cléopatre,” “Aléfie,” “Cassandre,” “Poliesandre” [Madame’s own spelling]. - Besides which I have read lesser ones: “Tarcis et Clie,” + Besides which I have read lesser ones: “Tarcis et Célie,” “Lissandre et Calixte,” “Caloandro,” “Endimiro,” “Amadis” (but as to the last I only got as far as the seventeenth volume, and there are twenty-four); also the “Roman des - Romans,” “Thagne and Charicle,” of which there are + Romans,” “Théagène and Chariclée,” of which there are pictures at Fontainebleau in the king’s cabinet.</p> <p>The monks of Saint-Mihiel have the original of the “Memoirs of Cardinal de Retz,” and they have printed and sold @@ -5855,8 +5845,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> here that she was not handsome; but she had so much grace that everything became her. She was not capable of forgiving, and was determined to drive away the Chevalier de<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[Pg 166]</a></span> Lorraine. In that she succeeded, but it cost her her life. - He sent the poison from Italy by a Provenal gentleman - named Morel, and to reward the latter he was made chief <i>matre-d’htel</i>. He robbed and pillaged me and was made to + He sent the poison from Italy by a Provençal gentleman + named Morel, and to reward the latter he was made chief <i>maître-d’hôtel</i>. He robbed and pillaged me and was made to sell his office, for which he got a high price. This Morel had the cleverness of a devil, but knew neither law nor gospel. He owned to me himself that he believed in nothing. When @@ -5899,17 +5889,17 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>For many years a rumour has spread about Saint-Cloud that the ghost of the late Madame appeared about a fountain where she used to sit in very warm weather, because the - place was cool. One evening a lacquey of the Marchale de - Clrembault, going to draw water at the well, saw something + place was cool. One evening a lacquey of the Maréchale de + Clérembault, going to draw water at the well, saw something white without a face; the phantom, which was sitting down, rose to double its height. The poor lacquey, seized with fright, ran away; on reaching the house he insisted that he had seen Madame, fell ill and died. The officer - who was then captain of the chteau, imagining that there + who was then captain of the château, imagining that there must be something under it all, went to the fountain himself, saw the ghost, and threatened to give it a hundred blows with his stick if it did not own who it was. Whereupon - the ghost said: “Oh! Monsieur de Lastra, don’t hurt + the ghost said: “Oh! Monsieur de Lastéra, don’t hurt me, I am only poor Philippinette.” She was an old woman in the village, about seventy-seven years old, with only one tooth in her mouth, weak eyes rimmed with red, a huge @@ -5947,7 +5937,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> licentious, as is now the fashion among the princely people of the royal house of France.</p> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 526px;"> <img src="images/201.jpg" width="526" height="600" alt="" /> - <div class="caption"> <i>Ren Descartes</i></div> + <div class="caption"> <i>René Descartes</i></div> </div> <p> </p> <p>Rhine wine was <i>never</i> put into the great tun at Heidelberg; @@ -5955,7 +5945,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> it. As for me, Rhine wine is what I prefer. I cannot endure Burgundy; the taste seems to me disagreeable, and besides, it gives me a stomach-ache. I am delighted that - Heidelberg is being rebuilt, and that they are working on<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[Pg 169]</a></span> the chteau; but what vexes me is that they are putting up + Heidelberg is being rebuilt, and that they are working on<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[Pg 169]</a></span> the château; but what vexes me is that they are putting up a Jesuit convent instead of the commissariat. Jesuits are out of place at Heidelberg, and so are the Franciscans. I am told they live now near to the upper gate; my God! @@ -6020,11 +6010,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> up by her virtuous mother, and was very winning and droll; merriness became her; she was not ugly when she had a fine colour. I could not tell you what foolish heads were allowed - to surround the young princess; for example, the Marchale - d’Estres. The Maintenon was well paid for giving her + to surround the young princess; for example, the Maréchale + d’Estrées. The Maintenon was well paid for giving her such senseless animals, for the result was that she ceased to care for her society. But the Maintenon, determined to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[Pg 171]</a></span> know the cause, tormented the princess to admit it. Finally - the dauphine told her that the Marchale d’Estres was daily + the dauphine told her that the Maréchale d’Estrées was daily saying to her, “Why do you stay with the old woman, and not with those who can amuse you much better than that old carcass?”—saying also other evil things of her. The @@ -6091,7 +6081,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> drying up, like that tortoise I kept at Heidelberg in my bedroom.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[Pg 173]</a></span> But as long as I live be sure, dear Louise, that my heart will cherish you.</p> <p>There is not in all the world a better air than that of - Heidelberg, especially that about the chteau near my bedroom; + Heidelberg, especially that about the château near my bedroom; nothing finer can be found. No one understands better than I, dear Louise, what you must have felt at Heidelberg; I cannot think of it without deep emotion; @@ -6130,9 +6120,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> that extreme old age is a pleasant thing; there is too much to suffer; and with regard to physical suffering I am a great coward.</p> -<p>Saint Franois de Sales, who founded the Order of the +<p>Saint François de Sales, who founded the Order of the Filles de Sainte-Marie, was in his youth a friend of the - Marchal de Villeroy, father of the present marshal. + Maréchal de Villeroy, father of the present marshal. The marshal never could bring himself to give him his name as a saint, and when they spoke to him of his friend he used to say: “I was delighted when I heard that M. de @@ -6163,7 +6153,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> debauchery; outside of that they know nothing and care for nothing; they do not believe in a future life; they imagine that they will end in death.</p> -<p>The Abb Dubois sends me word he has nothing now to +<p>The Abbé Dubois sends me word he has nothing now to do with the post, which concerns exclusively M. de Torcy; they are rotten eggs and rancid butter, the pair of them; one is no better than the other, and both would be more in @@ -6216,11 +6206,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> am obliged to get up and make conversation. First came the Comte de Clermont, third brother of M. le Duc; after him the Duchesse de Ventadour and her sister the Duchesse - de La Fert; then the Duc de Chartres, his three sisters - and their governess, my two ladies, and Mme. de Sgur, + de La Ferté; then the Duc de Chartres, his three sisters + and their governess, my two ladies, and Mme. de Ségur, my son’s daughter by the left side and not legitimatized. - That made twelve at table. Then came the Marchale de - Clrembault and Cardinal de Gsvres; I had to rise to + That made twelve at table. Then came the Maréchale de + Clérembault and Cardinal de Gèsvres; I had to rise to receive him and talk to him. But all that is not comparable to what awaited me after dinner from two o’clock to half-past six. I found in my salon Mme. la Princesse, with @@ -6231,9 +6221,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> other ladies not of the royal family, such as the Princesse d’Espinoy, the Duchesse de Valentinois, the Princesse de Montauban, and I don’t know who else, innumerable duchesses, - the Marchales de Noailles and de Boufflers, the - Duchesses de Lesdiguires, de Nevers, d’Humires, de Grammont, - de Roquelaire, de Villars; the Duchesse d’Orlans + the Maréchales de Noailles and de Boufflers, the + Duchesses de Lesdiguières, de Nevers, d’Humières, de Grammont, + de Roquelaire, de Villars; the Duchesse d’Orléans came too; as for the ladies who did not sit, they were innumerable, and I am quite sure I have forgotten some of the <i>tabouret</i> ones. It was so hot in my room that I should @@ -6241,10 +6231,10 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> dressing-room to get a breath of air. But what made me suffer most was my knees; by dint of rising and bowing I really thought I should faint away.</p> -<p>I have an abb (whom I often call a scamp) sitting by +<p>I have an abbé (whom I often call a scamp) sitting by me now; he is dinning his chatter into my ears so that I really do not know what I write; from that, you will know - very well that I mean my Abb de Saint Albin, who will + very well that I mean my Abbé de Saint Albin, who will soon be Bishop of Laon, duke and peer of France. That will give me great pleasure, because I have felt more attachment for that poor boy from his earliest childhood than for all his @@ -6263,7 +6253,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> one, she said it was for that person’s good, so that the king might correct him. Thus the king considered everything that came from du Maine admirable; he regarded - him as a saint. To this that confessor, Pre Tellier, contributed + him as a saint. To this that confessor, Père Tellier, contributed much in order to please the old woman. The late chancellor Voysin also talked about the duke to the king by order of the Maintenon.</p> @@ -6368,14 +6358,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> therefore do not be distressed if you lose me; it will be a great blessing for me.</p> <p>In addition to my own illness I have another thing that - goes to my heart; my poor old Marchale de Clrembault is + goes to my heart; my poor old Maréchale de Clérembault is very ill.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig">November 29, 1722.<br /> </p> <p>You will receive to-day but a very short letter; I am worse than I have ever been, and have not closed my eyes - all night. Yesterday morning we lost our poor marchale; + all night. Yesterday morning we lost our poor maréchale; she had no attack, but life appeared to abandon her. It gives me sincere pain; she was a lady of great capacity and much merit; she was highly educated, though she did not @@ -6395,7 +6385,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <h3>LETTERS OF THE DUCHESSE DE BOURGOGNE.</h3> <h3 class="mf">PRECEDED BY REMARKS OF</h3> <h3>C.-A. SAINTE-BEUVE.</h3> -<p>Marie-Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne, +<p>Marie-Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de Bourgogne, who was married to the grandson of Louis XIV. and was the mother of Louis XV., has left a very gracious memory behind her. She flitted through the world like one of those @@ -6405,7 +6395,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> possibly his craft, grand-daughter by her mother of that amiable Henrietta of England (first wife of Monsieur, Louis XIV.’s brother), whose death Bossuet immortalized, and - whose charm she resuscitated, Marie-Adlade came to + whose charm she resuscitated, Marie-Adélaïde came to France when eleven years old to marry the Duc de Bourgogne, who was then thirteen. The marriage took place the following year, but in form only; and for several years the @@ -6418,7 +6408,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> times the well-laid schemes of prudence, and she constantly broke from the frame in which it was designed to hold her. Nevertheless, she profited through it all; serious thoughts<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[Pg 183]</a></span> slipped in among her pleasures. It was for her that sacred - plays, some by Duch, but especially Racine’s “Athalie,” + plays, some by Duché, but especially Racine’s “Athalie,” were acted in Mme. de Maintenon’s apartment. In “Athalie,” the Duchesse de Bourgogne played a part.</p> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 453px;"> <img src="images/219.jpg" width="453" height="600" alt="" /> @@ -6431,7 +6421,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the effort to please. She arrived at Montargis on Sunday, November 4, 1696. Louis XIV. had left Fontainebleau after dinner and gone to Montargis with his son [Monseigneur], - his brother [Monsieur, the little Adlade’s grandfather], and + his brother [Monsieur, the little Adélaïde’s grandfather], and all the principal seigneurs of his Court, in order to receive her. Before going to bed that night the king concludes an important letter to Mme. de Maintenon in which he gives @@ -6548,7 +6538,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> enable me to perceive, through the knowledge I have of this Court, that her part displeases her. She wants to play Josabeth, which she cannot play as well as the Comtesse - d’Ayen.”<a name="FNanchor_16_16" id="FNanchor_16_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a> As soon as they gave her the rle she liked, the + d’Ayen.”<a name="FNanchor_16_16" id="FNanchor_16_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a> As soon as they gave her the rôle she liked, the point of view was changed in a moment; such were the coulisses of Saint-Cyr! “She is delighted,” continues Mme. de Maintenon, “and now thinks ‘Athalie’ marvellous. Let @@ -6561,7 +6551,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> we form of her mind. La Fare, in his memoirs written about the year 1699, has very well remarked that after the death of Madame, Henrietta of England (grandmother of - Marie-Adlade) in 1670, the taste for things of intellect was + Marie-Adélaïde) in 1670, the taste for things of intellect was greatly lowered in that brilliant Court of Louis XIV. “It is certain,” he says, “that in losing that princess the Court lost the only person of her rank who was capable of liking @@ -6611,8 +6601,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> who is in no way malevolent to the Duchesse de Bourgogne, relates with great detail and as if receiving the confidences of well-informed persons, the slight weaknesses - of the princess for M. de Nangis, M. de Maulvrier, and the - Abb de Polignac. “At Marly,” he says, “the dauphine + of the princess for M. de Nangis, M. de Maulévrier, and the + Abbé de Polignac. “At Marly,” he says, “the dauphine would run about the gardens with other young people till<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[Pg 189]</a></span> three and four o’clock in the morning. The king never knew of these nocturnal expeditions.” Nevertheless, I do not desire to do otherwise than agree with Mme. de Caylus, @@ -6629,7 +6619,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> my reason.” She would no doubt have proved capable of State business and politics. The manner in which she knew how to defend the prince, her husband, against the - cabal of the Duc de Vendme, the striking revenge she + cabal of the Duc de Vendôme, the striking revenge she took upon the latter at Marly, and the back-handed stroke by which she ousted him, show us plainly what she could do that was able and persistent when a matter came close @@ -6652,7 +6642,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>In spite of all, we find ourselves regretting that this princess, taken from us at the age of twenty-six, whose natural fairy-like presence bewitched all hearts, did not - live to reign beside the virtuous pupil of Fnelon. The + live to reign beside the virtuous pupil of Fénelon. The reign of their son, that Louis XV. who was only a pretty child at their deaths and became the most contemptible of kings, would at least have been postponed. But what good @@ -6661,7 +6651,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <hr class="tb" /> <p>[Sainte-Beuve does not show his usual justice and careful discrimination in his foregoing semi-acceptance of Duclos’ - tale of “perfidy.” The whole story of Marie-Adlade’s + tale of “perfidy.” The whole story of Marie-Adélaïde’s position at the French Court should have been more clearly sifted. The two daughters of Vittorio Amadeo, Duke of Savoie, were, in a sense, hostages given by him to Louis @@ -6730,7 +6720,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> peur de uous anuier me la fait fair ie fini Madame uous embrasan.</p> <p><span style="margin-left:4em"> Tres humble tres obeisantes petite fille</span></p> -<p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">M. Adlide de Sauoie</span>.</p> +<p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">M. Adéläide de Sauoie</span>.</p> <p class="sig"><br /> </p> <p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">Versailles</span>, November 13 [1696].<br /> @@ -6739,7 +6729,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the fear of ennuying you made me do it. I end, Madame, embracing you.</p> <p><span style="margin-left:4em"> Very humble, very obedient grand-daughter,</span></p> -<p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">M. Adlade de Savoie.</span></p> +<p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">M. Adélaïde de Savoie.</span></p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"> [1696]. </p> <p>The trip to Marly prevented me from writing to you by @@ -6748,7 +6738,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> you ordered me about Madame de Maintenon. I have much<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[Pg 193]</a></span> affection for her, and confidence in her advice. Believe, my dear grandmamma, all that she writes you about me, though I do not deserve it; but I would like you to have the pleasure - of it, for I count on your love [<i>amiti</i>], and I never forget + of it, for I count on your love [<i>amitié</i>], and I never forget all the marks you have given me of it.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Versailles</span>, August, 1697.<br /> @@ -6802,7 +6792,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>It is time, my dear grandmamma, that I knew how to write; they often reproach me here for the shame of a married - woman [t. 13] who has a master for such a common + woman [æt. 13] who has a master for such a common thing.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig">July 2, 1698.<br /> @@ -6813,7 +6803,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> return from Fontainebleau. It is true that the king’s kindnesses to me are wonderful; but also, I love him well.</p> <p class="sig"> </p> -<p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Compigne</span>, September 13, 1698.<a name="FNanchor_18_18" id="FNanchor_18_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_18_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a><br /> +<p class="sig"><span class="smcap">Compiègne</span>, September 13, 1698.<a name="FNanchor_18_18" id="FNanchor_18_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_18_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a><br /> </p> <p>I never thought, my dear grandmamma, that I should find myself in a besieged town, and be waked by the sound of @@ -6871,7 +6861,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>It is true, my dear grandmother, that I have a good friend in Mme. de Maintenon, and it will not be her fault if I am - not perfect and happy. M. le Cardinal d’Estres wishes to + not perfect and happy. M. le Cardinal d’Estrées wishes to carry a letter to you from me, and I give it to him willingly. I shall trust to his informing you of all that concerns me; but he cannot tell you how I love you, nor to what point I @@ -6952,7 +6942,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Monsieur and Henrietta of England, was doubtless voluminous, but it has disappeared. Four letters remain for the month of January of this year, showing their rapid intercourse, - but only three for the rest of Marie-Adlade’s short + but only three for the rest of Marie-Adélaïde’s short lifetime.]</p> <p class="sig"> </p> <p class="sig">January 2, 1702.<br /> @@ -7164,7 +7154,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> would forbid me to play, and I would bear whatever impression it might make against me in his mind. I shall never console myself for being the cause of your troubles, - and I will not forget that cursd <i>lansquenet</i>. All that I + and I will not forget that cursèd <i>lansquenet</i>. All that I desire in the world is to be a princess esteemed for my conduct; and that I will endeavour to deserve in the future. I flatter myself that my age is not too advanced, @@ -7222,7 +7212,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> thoroughly. My face is coming to itself, and I am beginning to fatten, but I have to take great care to avoid the twilight dampness.</p> -<p>[It was during this summer that the cabal of Vendme, or<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[Pg 206]</a></span> as Saint-Simon calls it, the cabal of Meudon, made its great +<p>[It was during this summer that the cabal of Vendôme, or<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[Pg 206]</a></span> as Saint-Simon calls it, the cabal of Meudon, made its great attempt to ruin the Duc de Bourgogne during the campaign in Flanders, and that his wife proved her brave spirit in defending him. The princess’s own letters say nothing of @@ -7321,7 +7311,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and those who are lately married come from convents and do not know how to dance. There are but nine ladies who can do so, and half of those are little girls. I should - be the old woman of a ball [t. 23], which takes away all + be the old woman of a ball [æt. 23], which takes away all my desire for one. I do not know what folly possesses<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[Pg 209]</a></span> the women now, but at thirty years of age they think they are past dancing; if the fashion lasts, I ought to make the most of the time that is left to me.</p> @@ -7394,7 +7384,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>M. le Duc de Berry was married yesterday. It was all as magnificent as the season and the times would allow. There - was no fte; and that is all I can tell you to-day, being + was no fête; and that is all I can tell you to-day, being completely wearied out.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[Pg 211]</a></span></p> <p class="sig"> </p> @@ -7553,7 +7543,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> namely, her work and foundation of Saint-Cyr. M. le duc de Noailles had already given a brief but interesting account of it in his prelude to the “History of Madame de Maintenon,” - but M. Thophile Lavalle has now published a complete + but M. Théophile Lavallée has now published a complete and connected “History of Saint-Cyr,” which may be called definitive.</p> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 525px;"> <img src="images/257.jpg" width="525" height="600" alt="" /> @@ -7561,7 +7551,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </div> <p> </p> <p>In studying the history of Mme. de Maintenon there has - happened to M. Lavalle what will happen to all sound but + happened to M. Lavallée what will happen to all sound but prejudiced minds (and I sometimes meet with such) who will approach this distinguished personage and take pains to know her in her habit of life. I will not say that he is converted @@ -7569,18 +7559,18 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> equitable impression received by an upright mind; but he has brought justice to bear on that mass of fantastic and odiously vague imputations which have long been in circulation - as to the assumed historical rle of this celebrated + as to the assumed historical rôle of this celebrated woman. He sees her as she was, wholly concerned for the salvation of the king, for his reform, his decent amusement,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[Pg 217]</a></span> for the interior life of the royal family, for the relief of the people, and doing all this, it is true, with more rectitude than enthusiasm, more precision than grandeur.</p> -<p>On the threshold of Saint-Cyr M. Lavalle has placed a +<p>On the threshold of Saint-Cyr M. Lavallée has placed a portrait of its illustrious founder in which lives again that grace of hers, so real, so sober, so indefinable, which, liable as it is to disappear in the distance, should not be overlooked when at times her image seems to us too hard and cold. He borrows this portrait from a Dame de Saint-Cyr whose pen, - in its vivacity and colour, is worthy of a Svign: “She had, + in its vivacity and colour, is worthy of a Sévigné: “She had, at fifty years of age, a most agreeable tone of voice, an affectionate air, an open, smiling forehead, natural gesture with her beautiful hands, eyes of fire, and motions of an easy @@ -7604,7 +7594,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> time subjected to strict rules and obligations which offended its spirit and greatly aggravated its burdens. Consequently, royalty contracted towards it fresh duties. Louis XIV. saw<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[Pg 218]</a></span> this, and had the heart to meet his obligation,—first, by - founding the Htel des Invalides, a part of which was + founding the Hôtel des Invalides, a part of which was reserved for old or wounded officers; secondly, by forming companies of Cadets, exercised at the frontier forts, in which four thousand sons of nobles were brought up; and thirdly @@ -7612,7 +7602,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> by the foundation of the royal house of Saint-Cyr, intended for the education of two hundred and fifty noble but impoverished young ladies. The establishment in the succeeding - century of the cole Militaire, was the necessary complement + century of the École Militaire, was the necessary complement of these monarchical foundations; it added all that was insufficient in the companies of Cadets.</p> <p>The first thought of Saint-Cyr in Mme. de Maintenon’s @@ -7701,7 +7691,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> degradation; that it would be a work worthy of his piety and greatness to make a settled establishment as a refuge<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[Pg 221]</a></span> for poor young girls of rank throughout the kingdom, where they could be brought-up piously to the duties of their condition.” - Pre de La Chaise approved the project; Louvois + Père de La Chaise approved the project; Louvois cried out at the expense; Louis XIV. himself seemed to hesitate. “Never did Queen of France,” he said, “do anything like this.” It was thus, and thus only, that Mme. de @@ -7722,7 +7712,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> sure foundation.</p> <p>Mme. de Maintenon had dreamed of an establishment like no other; where all should go by rule without being bound - by vows; where absolutely nothing of the minuti and pettiness + by vows; where absolutely nothing of the minutiæ and pettiness of convents should exist; maintaining, nevertheless, at the same time purity and ignorance of evil, while sharing, with prudence and Christian reserve, in the charms of society @@ -7741,7 +7731,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> trying its wings and working out its apprenticeship, that Mme. de Maintenon requested Racine to compose the sacred comedies that were there performed. If “Esther,” with the - worldly consequences and the introduction of the lite of + worldly consequences and the introduction of the élite of profane society that then ensued, proved a distraction and perhaps an imprudence and fault in Mme. de Maintenon’s management of the first Saint-Cyr, we feel that we ought @@ -7784,9 +7774,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> was henceforth to say and resay ceaselessly to her teachers: “Hide your pupils; do not let them be seen.”</p> <p>From the passage of Racine through Saint-Cyr, and that - of Fnelon, there resulted (from the point of view of the + of Fénelon, there resulted (from the point of view of the foundation and its object) a number of unsuitable things in - the midst of their graces. Fnelon developed a taste for + the midst of their graces. Fénelon developed a taste for refined and subtile piety suited only for choice souls; Racine, without intending it, created a taste for reading, poesy, and all such things, the perfume of which is sweet, but @@ -7817,11 +7807,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> refined judges of works of intellect, oracles and proselytes of the opinions in vogue. She could play charmingly at Jansenism with Racine and M. de Troisville, and distil - Quietism with Fnelon, as in the eighteenth century she + Quietism with Fénelon, as in the eighteenth century she might have fallen in love with David Hume in company with the Comtesse de Boufflers, or in the nineteenth she would surely have shone in a <i>doctrinaire</i> salon discussing - psychology and stheticism, perhaps even going so far as + psychology and æstheticism, perhaps even going so far as the Fathers of the Church, not without adverting, as she passed, to socialism. Mme. de La Maisonfort, much as she was liked by Mme. de Maintenon, was, necessarily, dismissed @@ -7854,12 +7844,12 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> like the pleasures of your condition.” Mme. de Glapion succeeded in doing so. She was the consolation of Mme. de Maintenon and her truest inheritor; together with Madame - du Prou, she maintained at Saint-Cyr that spirit of precision + du Pérou, she maintained at Saint-Cyr that spirit of precision and regularity combined with suavity and noble manners which distinguished the foundress, until long after the latter’s death. It may be said, definitively, that the persons of the generation at Saint-Cyr who had known and - enjoyed Racine and Fnelon, and who remembered all of + enjoyed Racine and Fénelon, and who remembered all of which they were cured, could alone realize the perfection of the education, the grace, and the language of Saint-Cyr; after them the essential virtues and the rules were kept,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[Pg 226]</a></span> but the charm had flown, perhaps we may even say the @@ -7871,7 +7861,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> in the classes, in the exercises, in the smallest details of the establishment, thinking nothing beneath her. “I have often seen her,” says one of the modest historians quoted by M. - Lavalle, “arrive before six in the morning in order to be + Lavallée, “arrive before six in the morning in order to be present at the rising of the young ladies, and follow them throughout their whole day in the capacity of first instructress, in order to judge properly of what should be done and @@ -7924,7 +7914,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> subtlety of reason, by the multiplicity of studies, and knowing Him through the simple instructions of Christianity.” Between those lines I seem to read, “Above all, not much - Racine and no more Fnelon.”</p> + Racine and no more Fénelon.”</p> <p>Truly, it was a high idea that the Dames de Saint-Louis were destined to bring up young ladies to be mothers of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[Pg 228]</a></span> families and to take part in the good education of their children, thus placing in their hands a portion of the future of France @@ -8012,8 +8002,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> such as Mme. de La Maisonfort and some others, and to use for the purpose <i>lettres de cachet</i>, he, knowing that the heart of the other mistresses is wrung by this exile of their sisters, - writes from the Camp at Compigne to explain his rigour, - and goes himself with a full cortge to the hall of the Community, + writes from the Camp at Compiègne to explain his rigour, + and goes himself with a full cortège to the hall of the Community, where he holds a sort of <i>lit de justice</i> both regal and paternal. On his return from hunting he frequently came to find Mme. de Maintenon in this place of retreat, but never @@ -8024,7 +8014,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> religious souls, good Frenchwomen;” and he asks for their prayers on days of disaster as on those of victory. He<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[Pg 231]</a></span> knows that they mourn with him, and that his glory is their joy. All this new and private side of Louis XIV. is very - delicately and generously touched by M. Lavalle; at certain + delicately and generously touched by M. Lavallée; at certain passages we are surprised to find ourselves as much touched as the great monarch himself.</p> <p>Louis XIV. and Mme. de Maintenon believed in the @@ -8074,7 +8064,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>The language of Saint-Cyr has a tone apart amid that period of Louis XIV.; Mme. de Caylus was the mundane flower of it. We feel that “Esther” has passed that way, - and Fnelon equally. The diction is that of Racine in prose, + and Fénelon equally. The diction is that of Racine in prose, of Massillon, shorter and more sober,—a school, in fact, all pure, precise, and perfect (to which belonged the Duc du Maine); a charming source, more sparkling on the side of @@ -8114,7 +8104,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the young ladies who were being educated at Saint-Cyr at that date was Marie-Anne de Buonaparte, born at Ajaccio, January 3, 1771, and received at the Institution in June, - 1784. Her brother Napolon de Buonaparte, an officer of + 1784. Her brother Napoléon de Buonaparte, an officer of artillery, observing that after August 10 the decrees of the Legislative Assembly seemed to announce, or rather to confirm, the ruin of the house, went to that house on the morning<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[Pg 234]</a></span> of September 1, 1792, and took such active steps towards @@ -8171,7 +8161,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> was an Ursuline nun.</p> <p>After Mme. de Brinon, the Dames de Saint-Louis who were most relied upon by Mme. de Maintenon were: Mme. - du Prou, mistress of the novices at twenty years of age, + du Pérou, mistress of the novices at twenty years of age, afterwards elected many times as Superior; Mme. de Fontaines, mistress-general, also frequently elected Superior; and Mme. de Glapion, called the “Pearl of Saint-Cyr,” who @@ -8184,7 +8174,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_236" id="Page_236">[Pg 236]</a></span></p> <h2>VIII.</h2> <h3>LETTERS TO THE DAMES DE SAINT-CYR AND OTHERS.</h3> -<p class="center"><i>To M. l’Abb Gobelin</i> [her confessor].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To M. l’Abbé Gobelin</i> [her confessor].</p> <p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">Chambord</span>, October 10, 1685.<br /> </p> <p>I am very glad that you are satisfied with what you have @@ -8237,7 +8227,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Christian widows. Adieu; write to me, I entreat you, whenever you can do so without inconvenience.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mlle. de Butry</i> [pupil-mistress at Noisy].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mlle. de Butéry</i> [pupil-mistress at Noisy].</p> <p class="sig"> January, 1686.<br /> </p> <p>I am very glad to be in communication with you, Mademoiselle, @@ -8410,7 +8400,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> they will be capable of sustaining all the good and all the evil that God may be pleased to send them.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Prou.</i></p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Pérou.</i></p> <p class="sig"> October 25, 1686.<br /> </p> <p>I am convinced of your zeal and your capacity; and both @@ -8436,7 +8426,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> joy to make it glorious. What is now urging me on, sometimes perhaps too eagerly, is the desire I have that all should be firmly established before the death of Mme. de Brinon, - my own, and that of the Abb de Gobelin, so that the spirit + my own, and that of the Abbé de Gobelin, so that the spirit of the house may always last, in spite of oppositions it may meet with in the future. You will never have an abler or more commanding Superior than Mme. de Brinon, a friend @@ -8665,7 +8655,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> with you. Pray to Him, I implore you, for those who are guiding you.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mlle. d’Aubign</i> [her niece, a pupil at Saint-Cyr].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mlle. d’Aubigné</i> [her niece, a pupil at Saint-Cyr].</p> <p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">Chantilly</span>, May 11, 1693.<br /> </p> <p>I love you too well, my dear niece, not to tell you all that @@ -8715,7 +8705,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> you by the affection you have for me to work upon yourself and to pray daily for the graces of which you are in need.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To M. l’Abb de Bisacier</i> [special confessor at Saint-Cyr].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To M. l’Abbé de Bisacier</i> [special confessor at Saint-Cyr].</p> <p class="sig"> September, 1694.<br /> </p> <p>The mother of the Demoiselles de —— has been beheaded; @@ -8727,10 +8717,10 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> from Saint-Cyr. He does not understand any more than I do why this crime should be visited on the children, and I conjure you to reflect still further upon it with the Bishop of Chartres - and the Abb Tiberge. They say that the Jesuits would not + and the Abbé Tiberge. They say that the Jesuits would not admit to their Society in a like case, nor the nuns of the Visitation either. If that spirit comes from Saint Ignatius or Saint - Franois de Sales, I submit to it without repugnance, but if + François de Sales, I submit to it without repugnance, but if it is only the effect of human wisdom or the harshness of communities, I desire with all my heart to escape it in this case. The father of M. de Luxembourg was beheaded; but @@ -8751,7 +8741,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> suitable for us. I do not need, monsieur, to commend them to your charity; I pray God to console and bless them.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Prou.</i></p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Pérou.</i></p> <p class="sig"> 1696.<br /> </p> <p>Madame, I have always forgotten to ask you why they @@ -8828,7 +8818,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> attentions. Nevertheless, you refuse them twenty pairs of gloves, or you deduct those gloves from the next distribution; do you not see, my dear daughter, that to save ten - francs you have vexed sixteen of your mistresses? Saint-Franois + francs you have vexed sixteen of your mistresses? Saint-François de Sales sent Mme. de Chantal word as to a lawsuit she had gained which he did not wish her to undertake. “This time,” he said, “you have been more just than kind; @@ -8847,7 +8837,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> you prefer great duties to little ones.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_256" id="Page_256">[Pg 256]</a></span></p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de Prou.</i></p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de Pérou.</i></p> <p class="sig"> 1699.<br /> </p> <p>We should have an equitable not a superficial charity. @@ -8878,7 +8868,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> the footing of religious charity but with none of that laxness which ought not to be allowed among your young ladies.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de la Rozires</i> [the sub-mistress of a class].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de la Rozières</i> [the sub-mistress of a class].</p> <p class="sig"> October 3, 1699.<br /> </p> <p>I must, my dear daughter, repair by a letter the wrong I @@ -8891,7 +8881,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> in the pleasures I speak of to console me for not going oftener to Saint-Cyr.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de Prou.</i></p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de Pérou.</i></p> <p class="sig"> February 23, 1701.<br /> </p> <p>It has seemed to me as if you desired that I should write @@ -9017,7 +9007,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> can say to you all without reserve. Ask Him, I beg of you, to give to me the same grace.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Prou.</i></p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Pérou.</i></p> <p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">Fontainebleau</span>, October 1, 1707.<br /> </p> <p>I think as you do about Saint-Cyr; and whatever reasons @@ -9043,7 +9033,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> send her a “Conversation;” if she saw me, she would not ask it. My poor mind is dragged apart by four horses; it is not yet eleven o’clock, but my head feels bound with - iron, and yet I must sustain my rle as personage till ten + iron, and yet I must sustain my rôle as personage till ten at night.</p> <p>I see no difficulty in putting Mlle. de Grouchy into the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_262" id="Page_262">[Pg 262]</a></span> novitiate; why not also Fontanges, who desires it so ardently? Their appearance is not charming, but we must @@ -9055,7 +9045,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>Adieu, my children. I shall see you again on the 17th of October, and I defy you to be more glad than I.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de Saint-Prier</i> [mistress of the Blues].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de Saint-Périer</i> [mistress of the Blues].</p> <p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">Versailles</span>, 1708.<br /> </p> <p>We were interrupted a few days ago just as I was telling @@ -9083,7 +9073,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and that all is quickly said when it is sincere, because there are no preambles, and no great number of words are needed to open the heart. A simple person says - navely what is in her mind; if she should chance to be + naïvely what is in her mind; if she should chance to be a little too diffuse, obedience calms her and four words are enough. Those who are not simple cannot resolve either to speak or hold their tongues; their confidences @@ -9098,7 +9088,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> soonest confessed? They hide nothing, and the confessor, who knows their disposition, has little to say to them....</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Prou</i> [now Superior of Saint-Cyr].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. du Pérou</i> [now Superior of Saint-Cyr].</p> <p class="sig"> <span class="smcap">Versailles</span>, 1711.<br /> </p> <p>The [mistresses of the] classes are your principal affair; @@ -9141,7 +9131,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> speak in a low tone to one another. The sisters must excuse a great deal of poor talk that they will hear, and not reprove it when there is no real harm in it.</p> -<p>Mme. d’Auxy [this was Jeannette de Pincr, an adopted +<p>Mme. d’Auxy [this was Jeannette de Pincré, an adopted daughter of Mme. de Maintenon] is quite beside herself when she has a new gown. She consults me about the trimming; I enter into it and give her my advice, telling<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_265" id="Page_265">[Pg 265]</a></span> her that her joy and liking for adornment belongs to her @@ -9182,7 +9172,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>Adieu, my daughter, I never can finish when it is a question of our girls and the good of the establishment.</p> <p class="center"> </p> -<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de la Rouzire</i> [a class mistress].</p> +<p class="center"><i>To Mme. de la Rouzière</i> [a class mistress].</p> <p class="sig"> Monday, May 6, 1714.<br /> </p> <p>I think, my dear daughter, that being too much attached @@ -9501,7 +9491,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> expect something worse than you have met with.”</p> <p>“There is one among them,” said the mistress (it was Mme. de - Saint-Prier), “who tells me she expects her pleasure in + Saint-Périer), “who tells me she expects her pleasure in going to see her friends and receiving them in her own house.”</p> <p>“Assuredly,” replied Mme. de Maintenon, “there is @@ -9574,7 +9564,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> and even if we remain forever ignorant of what has been the wisdom of our conduct, I think we ought to count for much the inward testimony of a good conscience.” Then rising, - she said to the class, “Adieu, my children, I am obliged to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278">[Pg 278]</a></span> return to Versailles; but I have given my sister de Saint-Prier + she said to the class, “Adieu, my children, I am obliged to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278">[Pg 278]</a></span> return to Versailles; but I have given my sister de Saint-Périer a fine field on which, to instruct you.”</p> <p class="center"> </p> <p class="center"><i>On contempt for insults and injuries.</i></p> @@ -9609,7 +9599,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Mme. de Maintenon, “and you have been already, though the harm that is said of you may not come to your ears. I<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_279" id="Page_279">[Pg 279]</a></span> pay no regard to it, nor to that which is said of me myself. I receive letters every day not only in the style of the person - whom my sister de Butry knows of, but letters which ask + whom my sister de Butéry knows of, but letters which ask if I am not tired of growing fat by sucking the blood of the poor; and what I, being so aged, expect to do with the gold I am amassing. I receive other letters that go farther still @@ -9773,7 +9763,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> you strong. You ought not to object to help a servant; I have never seen pride on that point among the nobility, except at Saint-Cyr. I can understand perfectly well that - beggars reclothed [<i>gueux revtus</i>, the term in those days for <i>parvenus</i>] should not venture to touch the ground with the + beggars reclothed [<i>gueux revêtus</i>, the term in those days for <i>parvenus</i>] should not venture to touch the ground with the tips of their fingers; but nobles do not think such things<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_284" id="Page_284">[Pg 284]</a></span> beneath them.”</p> <p>“I think,” said a mistress, “that you had the goodness to tell us once that you taught your nurse @@ -9826,7 +9816,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> he went off into a corner to eat. He relates sometimes that he spent his time mostly with a peasant girl, the child of a waiting-maid of the queen’s waiting-maid. He called her - Queen Marie, because they played at the game, ‘<i> la madame</i>,’ + Queen Marie, because they played at the game, ‘<i>à la madame</i>,’ she taking the part of queen, and he serving her as page or footman, carrying her train, wheeling her in a chair, or marching with a torch in front of her. You can imagine @@ -9885,9 +9875,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>Mme. de Maintenon, having married Mlle. de Normanville (who had stayed with her some years after leaving - Saint-Cyr) to M. le Prsident Brunet de Chailly, did her + Saint-Cyr) to M. le Président Brunet de Chailly, did her the honour to be present at the wedding. The next day - she mentioned to the Dames de Saint Louis that M. l’Abb + she mentioned to the Dames de Saint Louis that M. l’Abbé Brunet had made an excellent exhortation in marrying them, in which he rebuked the over-delicate modesty of those who blamed priests for opening their lips in church @@ -10228,7 +10218,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> having it still, went up to class Blue and said to them: “I have dragged myself here to see you, my children, in order that you may tell me what you have remembered of the - fine conference you had yesterday with M. l’Abb Tiberge” + fine conference you had yesterday with M. l’Abbé Tiberge” [one of the confessors of Saint-Cyr]. The young ladies repeated it, and when they came to the part where he told them there were troubles in every state of life she took up @@ -10259,7 +10249,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> more than you can here; she must go with whoever presents himself. The fact is,” said Mme. de Maintenon, “they do not really know what to do, and nothing gives them any - pleasure. Fte-days are the most wearisome of all for those + pleasure. Fête-days are the most wearisome of all for those who are not pious; they do not know how to while away the time. A few ladies are fortunate enough to like to spend those days, as they should, in church; others who like @@ -10342,7 +10332,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> merchant, which, once opened, is never empty and where the shopman must remain. “That is just how it is,” said Madame. “They begin to come in about half-past seven; - first it is M. Marchal [the king’s surgeon]; he has no + first it is M. Maréchal [the king’s surgeon]; he has no sooner gone than M. Fagon enters; he is followed by M. Bloin [the king’s head valet] or some else sent to inquire how I am. Sometimes I have extremely pressing letters to @@ -10401,7 +10391,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> an hour; then he goes away, but no one else; the rest remain, and as the king is no longer there they come nearer to me; they surround me, and I am forced to listen to the jokes of - Mme. la Marchale de Clrembault, the satire of this one, and + Mme. la Maréchale de Clérembault, the satire of this one, and the tales of that one. They have nothing to do, those good ladies; and they have done nothing all the morning. It is not so with me, who have much else to do than to sit there @@ -10689,7 +10679,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>The Duchesse de Bourgogne will be compassionated by Mme. la Duchesse; which makes me remember the traps that her mother [Mme. de Montespan] used to lay for the - queen and Mme. de la Vallire, in order to make the king<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_312" id="Page_312">[Pg 312]</a></span> notice later what their behaviour had been. If after speaking + queen and Mme. de la Vallière, in order to make the king<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_312" id="Page_312">[Pg 312]</a></span> notice later what their behaviour had been. If after speaking to the princess you could come out to Saint-Cyr I should be glad; but I doubt whether, after so painful a conversation, you will be in a state to appear. If you find it possible @@ -10708,22 +10698,22 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> Majesty had placed us in a situation of great advantage, which ought to have been maintained through the rest of the campaign; the enemy were on the retreat and quite - disheartened. M. de Vendme, who believes what he wishes, + disheartened. M. de Vendôme, who believes what he wishes, chose to give battle and lost it [Oudenarde], and we are worse off now than we were before, as much from fear of consequences and the air of superiority assumed by the enemy as from the loss of our troops.</p> <p>In this condition we have felt the joy of the taking of - Tortosa much less [taken by the Duc d’Orlans, July 11], + Tortosa much less [taken by the Duc d’Orléans, July 11], though we see all the value of it. Madame is delighted, and - with good reason; she sees M. le Duc d’Orlans covered + with good reason; she sees M. le Duc d’Orléans covered with glory, and out of the danger to which he was exposed.</p> <p>You know, madame, the levity of Frenchmen, and it seems to me that their talk is reaching you. Ghent, they are now saying, put us in a condition to make peace on any terms we chose; now all is lost, and we have to ask it with a cord round our necks. And yet, madame, neither statement<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_313" id="Page_313">[Pg 313]</a></span> is true. The enemy had great resources though we - had Ghent; we should have had more if M. de Vendme + had Ghent; we should have had more if M. de Vendôme had chosen to act with more precaution. Our army is still very fine and very good, the troops have done their duty, they are in nowise discouraged, and are now asking only to @@ -10731,7 +10721,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> to attempt except with the order and caution to be observed on such occasions. The Duc de Bourgogne has held the wisest opinions, but he was ordered to yield to M. de - Vendme as being more experienced. Our princes have + Vendôme as being more experienced. Our princes have been in a position to be captured; imagine, madame, where we should then have been. That is a comfort I try to give to the Duchesse de Bourgogne in the extreme distress she @@ -10762,11 +10752,11 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p>We are awaiting the dispensation from Rome to marry the Duc de Berry; there would be many things to write you about that if prudence did not restrain me; but it is - time to have a little of that virtue. There will be no ftes, + time to have a little of that virtue. There will be no fêtes, rejoicings, or expense; all will be done with regard to the present condition of affairs....</p> <p>Our tall Princesse de Conti is greatly afflicted by the - death of the Duchesse de la Vallire. She is hurt that the + death of the Duchesse de la Vallière. She is hurt that the king has not been to see her; but he thought he ought not to renew a matter of which he repents daily. The princess no longer conceals her piety, and she sets a great example to @@ -10783,7 +10773,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> without giving an appanage; and the king may give them that which Mme. de Guise once had. No one has ever seen a better household than that of the Duc and Duchesse - d’Orlans; they are never apart, and they take all their + d’Orléans; they are never apart, and they take all their pleasures together. It is thought that Mme. de Saint-Simon will be lady of honour.</p> <p>The whole talk now is of the new chapel [the present @@ -10800,7 +10790,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </p> <p>I consulted M. Fagon this morning to know if he approved of your taking back with you to Madrid the waters - of Barge; he tells me that he has written in favour of it to + of Barège; he tells me that he has written in favour of it to your physicians, and told them of the experiments made by Gervais in that matter.</p> <p>Though I know that your queen is above all other women, @@ -10863,7 +10853,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> shall be. Meantime she is going to the Te Deum at Notre-Dame, to dinner with the Duchesse du Lude in a beautiful new house, after that to the opera, and to sup with the - Prince de Rohan in that magnificent htel de Guise, then + Prince de Rohan in that magnificent hôtel de Guise, then cards and a ball all night, and as the hour of her return will be that of my waking, she will probably come and ask me for some breakfast on arriving. I think, madame, that you @@ -10901,7 +10891,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> like herself, and showing already much intelligence.</p> <p>If we may judge of the king’s life by the present state of his health we may hope that it will last as long as that of - the Marquis de Mancera, for their <i>rgime</i> is about the same; + the Marquis de Mancera, for their <i>régime</i> is about the same; there is no retrenchment in the meals that you know of; no diminution in the fine appearance, the habit of walking, in fact the whole figure, which you know, madame, is superior @@ -10913,7 +10903,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> are the contemporaries and the strongest men of his time.</p> <p>You will probably hear of a little scene with the Duchesse de Berry, who gives much anxiety to Madame, and to the - Duchesse d’Orlans. We must hope for some change in a + Duchesse d’Orléans. We must hope for some change in a young person only sixteen years old. Why, madame, do you speak to me of respectful attachment? Are you not, as it were, making game of me? You owe me, madame, merely @@ -10961,7 +10951,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> must not hinder me from thinking often of their Catholic<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_320" id="Page_320">[Pg 320]</a></span> Majesties; I beg you, madame, to assure them of this. The King of Spain loses a saint in losing his brother; the queen is fortunate in never having known our dauphine [she was - a little child when Marie-Adlade left Savoie]. Adieu, + a little child when Marie-Adélaïde left Savoie]. Adieu, madame; I am quite unable to write you any details.</p> <p class="center"> </p> <p class="center"><i>To M. le Duc de Beauvilliers.</i></p> @@ -10973,7 +10963,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> have been kept, but circumstances might arise to reveal everything. We have just passed through a sad experience. I should have liked to return to you all the letters from - yourself, and from M. de Cambrai [Fnelon], but the king + yourself, and from M. de Cambrai [Fénelon], but the king desired to burn them himself. I own to you that I regret this much, for nothing was ever written so beautiful and so good. If the prince we mourn had a few defects it was not @@ -11015,7 +11005,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> absolutely nothing but its rules.</p> <p>There is no state on earth, madame, that does not have its troubles; your good mind, your courage, and your blood have - always diminished yours. Our Marchal de Villeroy scarcely + always diminished yours. Our Maréchal de Villeroy scarcely ever sees me now; but he does me kindnesses every day of his life. He is the refuge of the miserable. You would be satisfied with the public opinion of his merit; I know men @@ -11032,13 +11022,13 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <h2>INDEX.</h2> <p> <span class="smcap">Berry</span> (Charles, Duc de), <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Berry</span> (Marie Louise lisabeth, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>, <a href="#Page_118">118</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>, <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Berry</span> (Marie Louise Élisabeth, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>, <a href="#Page_118">118</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>, <a href="#Page_318">318</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Bissy</span> (Cardinal de), <a href="#Page_84">84</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Bourgogne</span> (Louis, Duc de), <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_308">308</a>, <a href="#Page_313">313</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Bourgogne</span> (Marie-Adlade de Savoie, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>;<br /> + <span class="smcap">Bourgogne</span> (Marie-Adélaïde de Savoie, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>;<br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sainte-Beuve’s introduction to her letters, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>-<a href="#Page_190">190</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">letter of Louis XIV., describing her, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>, <a href="#Page_184">184</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her appearance, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11053,7 +11043,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">arrival in France and first letter to her grandmother, <a href="#Page_192">192</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">letters from 1696 to 1712, <a href="#Page_192">192</a>-<a href="#Page_214">214</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her bad writing, <a href="#Page_193">193</a>, <a href="#Page_194">194</a>;</span><br /> - <span style="margin-left: 1em;">at the camp of Compigne, <a href="#Page_194">194</a>;</span><br /> + <span style="margin-left: 1em;">at the camp of Compiègne, <a href="#Page_194">194</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">letter to her father, <a href="#Page_196">196</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">to her grandmother, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">to her mother, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>-<a href="#Page_200">200</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11083,29 +11073,29 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Buonaparte</span> (Marie Anne de), <a href="#Page_233">233</a>, <a href="#Page_234">234</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Buonaparte</span> (Napolon de), <a href="#Page_233">233</a>, <a href="#Page_234">234</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Buonaparte</span> (Napoléon de), <a href="#Page_233">233</a>, <a href="#Page_234">234</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Cellamare</span> (Prince), Spanish ambassador, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Chamilly</span> (Marquis de), <a href="#Page_68">68</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Chelles</span> (Louise-Adlade d’Orlans, Abbess of), <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>-<a href="#Page_150">150</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Chelles</span> (Louise-Adélaïde d’Orléans, Abbess of), <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>-<a href="#Page_150">150</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Clrembault</span> (La Marchale de), <a href="#Page_181">181</a>, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Clérembault</span> (La Maréchale de), <a href="#Page_181">181</a>, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Conti</span> (Franois-Louis, Prince de), <a href="#Page_44">44</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Conti</span> (François-Louis, Prince de), <a href="#Page_44">44</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Conti</span> (Marie-Anne, Princesse de), <a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Currency</span>, inflation of the, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Dauphine</span> (Marie-Anne-Victoire de Bavire, Mme. la), <a href="#Page_95">95</a>, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Dauphine</span> (Marie-Anne-Victoire de Bavière, Mme. la), <a href="#Page_95">95</a>, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Denmark</span> (Frederick IV., King of), <a href="#Page_90">90</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Descartes</span> (Ren), <a href="#Page_164">164</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Descartes</span> (René), <a href="#Page_164">164</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Duc</span> (M. le), de Bourbon, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11120,27 +11110,27 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">England</span> (George I., King of), <a href="#Page_66">66</a>, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_112">112</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Eugne</span> (Franois-Eugne de Savoie-Carignan, called Prince), <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Eugène</span> (François-Eugène de Savoie-Carignan, called Prince), <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Fagon</span> (Louis XIV.’s physician), <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_260">260</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Fnelon</span> (Archbishop of Cambrai), <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>, <a href="#Page_320">320</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Fénelon</span> (Archbishop of Cambrai), <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>, <a href="#Page_320">320</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Fontaines</span> (Mme. de), <a href="#Page_235">235</a>, <a href="#Page_245">245</a>, <a href="#Page_254">254</a>, <a href="#Page_264">264</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Glapion</span> (Mme. de), <a href="#Page_224">224</a>, <a href="#Page_225">225</a>, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>, <a href="#Page_300">300</a>-<a href="#Page_308">308</a>, <a href="#Page_309">309</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Gobelin</span> (the Abb de), <a href="#Page_236">236</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Gobelin</span> (the Abbé de), <a href="#Page_236">236</a>, <a href="#Page_243">243</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Guise</span> (lisabeth d’Orlans, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_41">41</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Guise</span> (Élisabeth d’Orléans, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_41">41</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Hanover</span> (Sophia, Electress of), <a href="#Page_62">62</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">La Chaise</span> (Pre de), <a href="#Page_91">91</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">La Chaise</span> (Père de), <a href="#Page_91">91</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Law</span> (John), <a href="#Page_127">127</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_151">151</a>, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_158">158</a>, <a href="#Page_159">159</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11148,7 +11138,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Lorraine</span> (Duc de), <a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Lorraine</span> (lisabeth-Charlotte, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Lorraine</span> (Élisabeth-Charlotte, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Lorraine</span> (The Chevalier de), <a href="#Page_85">85</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11158,10 +11148,10 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Louis XV.</span>, <a href="#Page_73">73</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Louvois</span> (Franois-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de), <a href="#Page_165">165</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Louvois</span> (François-Michel le Tellier, Marquis de), <a href="#Page_165">165</a>, <a href="#Page_282">282</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Madame</span> (lisabeth-Charlotte, Princess Palatine and Duchesse d’Orlans), too old on coming to France to change her character, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>;<br /> + <span class="smcap">Madame</span> (Élisabeth-Charlotte, Princess Palatine and Duchesse d’Orléans), too old on coming to France to change her character, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>;<br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">accident in hunting, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">sentiments on marriage, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">why she lived a solitary life, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11201,12 +11191,12 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">goes to installation of Abbess of Chelles, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>-<a href="#Page_150">150</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">love for her illegitimate grandson, <a href="#Page_151">151</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her roguishness as a child, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>;</span><br /> - <span style="margin-left: 1em;">rebuke to the Abb Dubois, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>;</span><br /> + <span style="margin-left: 1em;">rebuke to the Abbé Dubois, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">no state at Court, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her illness, <a href="#Page_159">159</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her course of life after Monsieur’s death, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">reconciled by the king with Mme. de Maintenon, <a href="#Page_161">161</a>;</span><br /> - <span style="margin-left: 1em;">regard and interest for Louise de La Vallire, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>;</span><br /> + <span style="margin-left: 1em;">regard and interest for Louise de La Vallière, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">nothing so wearisome as a sermon, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her Bibles, <a href="#Page_164">164</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her novel-reading, <a href="#Page_165">165</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11220,9 +11210,9 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Maine</span> (Louis-Auguste, Duc de), <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>, <a href="#Page_268">268</a>, <a href="#Page_269">269</a>, <a href="#Page_274">274</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Maine</span> (Anne-Louise-Benedicit de Bourbon-Cond, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_127">127</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Maine</span> (Anne-Louise-Benedicité de Bourbon-Condé, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_127">127</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Maintenon</span> (Franoise d’Aubign, Mme. de), <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>, <a href="#Page_192">192</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a>;<br /> + <span class="smcap">Maintenon</span> (Françoise d’Aubigné, Mme. de), <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>, <a href="#Page_192">192</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a>;<br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sainte-Beuve’s essay on her and on Saint-Cyr, <a href="#Page_216">216</a>-<a href="#Page_234">234</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">portrait of her by a Dame de Saint-Cyr, <a href="#Page_218">218</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">her art of government, <a href="#Page_219">219</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11246,20 +11236,20 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Maisonfort</span> (Mme. de La), <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Marie-Thrse</span> (The Infanta), wife of Louis XIV., <a href="#Page_154">154</a>-<a href="#Page_156">156</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Marie-Thérèse</span> (The Infanta), wife of Louis XIV., <a href="#Page_154">154</a>-<a href="#Page_156">156</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Mazarin</span> (Cardinal de), <a href="#Page_78">78</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Monseigneur</span> (Louis, Dauphin), <a href="#Page_59">59</a>-<a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>, <a href="#Page_95">95</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>, <a href="#Page_302">302</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Monsieur</span> (Philippe, Duc d’Orlans), <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_97">97</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_166">166</a>, <a href="#Page_167">167</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Monsieur</span> (Philippe, Duc d’Orléans), <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_97">97</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_166">166</a>, <a href="#Page_167">167</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Montespan</span> (Mme. de), <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_276">276</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Montpensier</span> (Louise-lisabeth d’Orlans, Mlle. de), Queen of Spain, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Montpensier</span> (Louise-Élisabeth d’Orléans, Mlle. de), Queen of Spain, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Nangis</span> (Gnral de), <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Nangis</span> (Général de), <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Nassau</span> (Comte de), <a href="#Page_40">40</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11268,14 +11258,14 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <span class="smcap">Noailles</span> (Duc de), <a href="#Page_308">308</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Orlans</span> (Philippe Duc d’), Regent, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_73">73</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>-<a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>, <a href="#Page_102">102</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>-<a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>, <a href="#Page_312">312</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Orléans</span> (Philippe Duc d’), Regent, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_73">73</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>-<a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>, <a href="#Page_102">102</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_137">137</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>-<a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>, <a href="#Page_312">312</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Orlans</span> (Franoise de Bourbon, Duchesse d’), <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Orléans</span> (Françoise de Bourbon, Duchesse d’), <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a>, <a href="#Page_119">119</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_156">156</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Palatinate</span> (The), <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Prou</span> (Mme. du), mistress at Saint-Cyr, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>, <a href="#Page_242">242</a>, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>, <a href="#Page_256">256</a>, <a href="#Page_257">257</a>, <a href="#Page_261">261</a>, <a href="#Page_263">263</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Pérou</span> (Mme. du), mistress at Saint-Cyr, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>, <a href="#Page_242">242</a>, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>, <a href="#Page_256">256</a>, <a href="#Page_257">257</a>, <a href="#Page_261">261</a>, <a href="#Page_263">263</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Peterborough</span> (Charles Mordaunt, Earl of), <a href="#Page_65">65</a>, <a href="#Page_66">66</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11288,18 +11278,18 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Racine</span> (Jean), <a href="#Page_222">222</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a>, <a href="#Page_232">232</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Regent</span> (see Orlans, Philippe, Duc d’).<br /> + <span class="smcap">Regent</span> (see Orléans, Philippe, Duc d’).<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Retz</span> (Jean-Francois Paul de Gondi, Cardinal de), <a href="#Page_165">165</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Richelieu</span> (Armand Jean Duplessis, Cardinal de), <a href="#Page_87">87</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Richelieu</span> (Louis-Franois-Armand Duplessis, Duc de), <a href="#Page_141">141</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Richelieu</span> (Louis-François-Armand Duplessis, Duc de), <a href="#Page_141">141</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Russia</span> (Peter the Great, Czar of), <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Saint-Albin</span> (The Abb de), <a href="#Page_150">150</a>, <a href="#Page_151">151</a>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Saint-Albin</span> (The Abbé de), <a href="#Page_150">150</a>, <a href="#Page_151">151</a>, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Sainte-Beuve</span> (Charles-Augustin), his introduction to Madame’s correspondence, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>-<a href="#Page_33">33</a>;<br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">to the Duchesse de Bourgogne’s letters, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>-<a href="#Page_190">190</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11315,13 +11305,13 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">system and arrangement of classes, <a href="#Page_235">235</a>;</span><br /> <span style="margin-left: 1em;">letters, conversations, and instructions of Mme. de Maintenon relating to it, <a href="#Page_236">236</a>-<a href="#Page_299">299</a>.</span><br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Saint-Franois de Sales</span>, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Saint-François de Sales</span>, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Saint-Simon</span> (Louis de Rouvroy, Duc de), <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a>, <a href="#Page_185">185</a>, <a href="#Page_186">186</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Savoie</span> (Vittorio Amadeo, Duc de), <a href="#Page_182">182</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a>, <a href="#Page_191">191</a>, <a href="#Page_196">196</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>, <a href="#Page_202">202</a>, <a href="#Page_207">207</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Savoie</span> (Anne-Marie d’Orlans, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_191">191</a>, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>-<a href="#Page_200">200</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Savoie</span> (Anne-Marie d’Orléans, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_191">191</a>, <a href="#Page_198">198</a>-<a href="#Page_200">200</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Savoie</span> (Jeanne de Nemours, Duchesse de), <a href="#Page_192">192</a>-<a href="#Page_196">196</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11329,7 +11319,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <br /> <span class="smcap">Soissons</span> (The Comtesse de), <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_118">118</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Spain</span> (Marie-Louise d’Orlans, Queen of), <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Spain</span> (Marie-Louise d’Orléans, Queen of), <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_178">178</a>.<br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Spain</span> (Marie-Louise de Savoie, Queen of), <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>.<br /> <br /> @@ -11343,16 +11333,16 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <span class="smcap">Translator’s Note</span>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>-<a href="#Page_38">38</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Ursins</span> (Anne de la Trmouille, Princesse des), <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_310">310</a>-<a href="#Page_321">321</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Ursins</span> (Anne de la Trémouille, Princesse des), <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_310">310</a>-<a href="#Page_321">321</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Vallire</span> (Louise, Marquise de La), <a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Vallière</span> (Louise, Marquise de La), <a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Valois</span> (Charlotte-Agla d’Orlans, Mlle. de), <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Valois</span> (Charlotte-Aglaé d’Orléans, Mlle. de), <a href="#Page_131">131</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Villars</span> (Marchal de), <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Villars</span> (Maréchal de), <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>.<br /> <br /> - <span class="smcap">Villeroy</span> (Marchal de), <a href="#Page_321">321</a>.<br /> + <span class="smcap">Villeroy</span> (Maréchal de), <a href="#Page_321">321</a>.<br /> <br /> <br /> <span class="smcap">Wales</span> (The Prince of), son of George I., <a href="#Page_112">112</a>, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>.<br /> @@ -11365,8 +11355,8 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> This portrait is the frontispiece of the present translated edition.—<span class="smcap">Tr.</span></p> </div> <div class="footnote"> - <p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Correspondance Complte de Madame la Duchesse d’Orlans, ne - Princesse Palatine, Mre du Rgent; traduction entirement nouvelle, + <p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Correspondance Complète de Madame la Duchesse d’Orléans, née + Princesse Palatine, Mère du Régent; traduction entièrement nouvelle, par M. G. Brunet. Paris: Charpentier, 1891.</p> </div> <div class="footnote"> @@ -11407,19 +11397,19 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> So-called from her height; she was his half-sister, the daughter of - Mme. de la Vallire. Mme. la Duchesse was the daughter of Mme. de + Mme. de la Vallière. Mme. la Duchesse was the daughter of Mme. de Montespan.—<span class="smcap">Tr.</span></p> </div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> Charles-Louis Baudelot de Dairval devoted his life to the study of - antiquity; was a member of the Acadmie des Inscriptions, and wrote a + antiquity; was a member of the Académie des Inscriptions, and wrote a book on “The Utility of Travelling.” (French editor.)</p> </div> <div class="footnote"> - <p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> <i>Boudins</i>. Littr defines them as guts filled with blood and pork fat.—<span class="smcap">Tr.</span></p> + <p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> <i>Boudins</i>. Littré defines them as guts filled with blood and pork fat.—<span class="smcap">Tr.</span></p> </div> <div class="footnote"> - <p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> Louise-lisabeth, born 1709, married January 20, 1722, to Louis, + <p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> Louise-Élisabeth, born 1709, married January 20, 1722, to Louis, Prince of the Asturias; see Saint-Simon’s account of the marriage, and her behaviour. Philippe V. abdicated in favour of Louis in 1724, but the latter dying within six months, Philippe resumed the crown. The young @@ -11457,7 +11447,7 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> </div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_20_20" id="Footnote_20_20"></a><a href="#FNanchor_20_20"><span class="label">[20]</span></a> “Esther,” and “Athalie,” of Racine; “Absalon” and “Jonathas,” - by Duch; “Jepht,” by the Abb Boyer.</p> + by Duché; “Jephté,” by the Abbé Boyer.</p> </div> <div class="footnote"> <p><a name="Footnote_21_21" id="Footnote_21_21"></a><a href="#FNanchor_21_21"><span class="label">[21]</span></a> This is a confidence made at Saint-Cyr to Mme. de Glapion, one of @@ -11468,360 +11458,6 @@ href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE CORRESPONDENCE OF MADAME, PRINCESS PALATINE, MOTHER OF THE REGENT; OF MARIE-ADLADE DE SAVOIE, DUCHESSE DE BOURGOGNE; AND OF MADAME DE MAINTENON, IN RELATION TO SAINT-CYR***</p> -<p>******* This file should be named 43283-h.txt or 43283-h.zip *******</p> -<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> -<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/3/2/8/43283">http://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/2/8/43283</a></p> -<p> -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed.</p> - -<p> -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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