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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, Raemaekers' Cartoon History of the War,
+Volume 3, by Louis Raemaekers, Edited by J. Murray Allison, Illustrated by
+Louis Raemaekers
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: Raemaekers' Cartoon History of the War, Volume 3
+       The Third Twelve Months of War
+
+
+Author: Louis Raemaekers
+
+Editor: J. Murray Allison
+
+Release Date: July 14, 2013  [eBook #43219]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII)
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RAEMAEKERS' CARTOON HISTORY OF THE
+WAR, VOLUME 3***
+
+
+E-text prepared by Chris Curnow, Martin Mayer, and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made
+available by Internet Archive (https://archive.org)
+
+
+
+Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this
+      file which includes the original illustrations.
+      See 43219-h.htm or 43219-h.zip:
+      (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/43219/43219-h/43219-h.htm)
+      or
+      (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/43219/43219-h.zip)
+
+
+      Images of the original pages are available through
+      Internet Archive. See
+      https://archive.org/details/raemaekerscartoo03raemuoft
+
+
+Transcriber's note:
+
+      Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_).
+
+      Small capitals were converted to ALL CAPITALS.
+
+
+
+
+
+RAEMAEKERS' CARTOON HISTORY OF THE WAR
+
+
+[Illustration: (signed) Louis Raemaekers]
+
+
+RAEMAEKERS' CARTOON HISTORY OF THE WAR
+
+Compiled by J. Murray Allison
+
+Editor of _Raemaekers' Cartoons_, _Kultur in Cartoons_, _The
+Century Edition de Luxe Raemaekers' Cartoons_, _etc._
+
+VOLUME THREE
+
+The Third Twelve Months of War
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+New York
+The Century Co.
+1919
+
+Copyright, 1919, by
+The Century Co.
+
+VOLUME THREE
+
+
+
+
+_THE PEACE MOVE_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BERLIN, AUGUST 6, 1914
+
+
+     (The Berlin papers declared that the population, mad with joy,
+     drank champagne and danced in the streets.)
+
+I draw the sword that with God's help I have kept all these years in the
+scabbard. I have drawn the sword which without victory and without honor
+I cannot sheath again. All of you will see to it that only in honor is
+it returned to the scabbard. _You are my guaranty that I can dictate
+peace to my enemies._
+
+    _The_ KAISER _to his Guards at Potsdam_,
+    _August, 1914_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"ARE YOU READY TO MAKE MUNITIONS FOR GERMANY?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The first official charges on the subject were issued on November 9 at
+Havre by Baron Beyens, Belgian Foreign Minister, as follows:
+
+"The German Government is rounding up in large numbers in the towns and
+villages of occupied Belgium, such as Alost, Ghent, Bruges, Courtrai,
+and Mons,--to name only the first to be victims of the measures,--all
+men fit to bear arms, rich and poor, irrespective of class, whether
+employed or unemployed, hunchbacks, cripples, and one-armed men alone
+are excepted. These men are torn in thousands from their families;
+fifteen thousand from Flanders alone are sent God knows where. Whole
+trainloads are seen going east and south."
+
+
+CARDINAL MERCIER REPLIES
+
+
+Cardinal Mercier, Primate of Belgium, in behalf of the Belgian bishops,
+issued a proclamation of protest on November 7, addressed to the neutral
+nations and appealing for their aid in opposing the proceeding. His
+protest is in these terms:
+
+"The military authorities are daily deporting thousands of inoffensive
+citizens in order to set them to forced labor.
+
+"As early as October 19 we sent a protest to the governor-general, a
+copy of which was also sent to the representatives of the Holy See in
+Brussels, Spain, the United States, and the Netherlands. The
+governor-general, in reply, refused to take any steps."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_ANOTHER EXAMPLE OF KULTUR_
+
+_Fritz: "We must see if there is any money or jewelry in these coffins
+before we retire."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+At Cartigny the Germans opened five vaults, each with a chapel above it,
+by tearing apart the stones. They did the same thing at Ronsoy, at
+Becquincourt, at Dompierre, at Bouvincourt, and at Herbecourt. At Nurly,
+Roisel, Bernes, they even broke into coffins. In the enclosed ground
+serving as a private cemetery for the Rohan family at Manancourt they
+buried a great number of their soldiers, and, an inconceivable thing,
+established a kitchen in the interior of the Rohan mausoleums and
+latrines among their family tombs. In the crypt, where indescribable
+disorder reigns, almost all the compartments are empty. A child's
+coffin, taken from one of them, was stripped of its lead. A heavy leaden
+casket, half drawn from another compartment, bears on its lid marks of a
+chisel. A block of marble, in which is seen a small excavation, has been
+thrown among the debris; it bears the inscription: "Here rests the heart
+of Mme. Amelie de Musnier de Folleville, Countess of Boissy, who died at
+Paris, July 16, 1830, at the age of thirty-two years and ten months."
+
+    _French Official Report of German
+    Barbarities in France, June 1, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_CANADA ON VIMY RIDGE_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The capture of two thousand prisoners by the Canadians is not
+surprising, as the whole ridge was honeycombed with dugouts, in which
+the Germans sheltered themselves.
+
+Up to the present moment the great offensive had been held up just at
+the point below the Canadian lines, which fact caused Vimy Ridge to be
+styled the "hinge" of the enemy's retreat from the Somme, and the
+Canadians have been very impatient for the "hinge" to move.
+
+    _Toronto Mail, August 10, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_William_: _I wonder how long my dear friend and Ally will be able to
+stand this._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The offensive began on June 4, and the total captures to August 12 were
+as follows:
+
+                    Prisoners
+    Officers            7,757
+    Men               350,845
+    Guns                  405
+    Machine-guns        1,326
+    Bomb-throwers         338
+    Caissons              292
+
+
+    _Russian Official, August 12, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_William: "Here's luck, Hindenburg."_
+
+_Hindenburg: "Where?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The kaiser has dismissed General von Falkenhayn, chief of the general
+staff, and has appointed Field-Marshal von Hindenburg chief of the
+general staff and General von Ludendorff first quartermaster-general.
+
+    _Berlin Official Telegram, August 30, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_The Old Frenchman: "Our guns come nearer."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+12:30 A.M. In cooperation with the French on our immediate right we
+attacked the enemy at several points.
+
+We have captured part of Ginchy and the whole of Guillemont. Our front
+now runs some five hundred yards east of Guillemont from Ginchy to near
+Falfemont Farm.
+
+On the east side of Mouquet Farm we have also gained ground.
+
+We have captured several hundred prisoners.
+
+Between our right and the Somme the French have made substantial
+progress and captured a considerable number of prisoners.
+
+Fighting continues.
+
+Our aircraft did most useful work in cooperating with the artillery and
+infantry.
+
+The enemy's aeroplanes, which made desperate attempts to interfere, were
+successfully engaged in many aerial fights and driven off with a loss of
+three machines destroyed and at least four others damaged, while we lost
+three.
+
+12:10 P.M. Last night was generally quiet.
+
+Fighting is in progress this morning near Mouquet Farm, south of
+Thiepval, and on the banks of the Ancre; also on our right about
+Falfemont Farm. We have gained ground.
+
+Last night we carried out a successful raid on the enemy's trenches
+north of Monchy, capturing prisoners.
+
+    _British Official, September 5, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_TANKS_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+At 6:20 A.M. on September 15, 1916, the infantry assault commenced, and
+at the same moment the bombardment became intense. Our new heavily
+armored cars, known as "tanks," now brought into action for the first
+time, successfully cooperated with the infantry, and, coming as a
+surprise to the enemy rank and file, gave valuable help in breaking down
+their resistance.
+
+The advance met with immediate success on almost the whole of the front
+attacked. At 8:40 A.M. "tanks" were seen to be entering Flers, followed
+by large numbers of troops. Fighting continued in Flers for some time,
+but by 10 A.M. our troops had reached the north side of the village, and
+by midday had occupied the enemy's trenches for some distance beyond.
+
+    _British Official, September 15, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE SLAYING OF THE FIERY DRAGONS_
+
+_Two airships fell victims to the enemy's defensive of London._
+
+_German Official._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Twelve German airships took part in a raid on London and various Eastern
+and East Midland counties on Saturday night and early on Sunday morning,
+but on their return journey the raiders numbered only 10.
+
+The other two had been left behind in Essex. One was brought down in
+flames not far from London, and its crew were all killed; the second
+came to earth near the coast, and its crew of twenty-two surrendered.
+
+Both the lost airships are big vessels of a new pattern.
+
+    _British Official, September 24, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_King Tino at Athens to his brother-in-law William at Potsdam: "Please
+return me my runaway Army Corps. I want it to shoot my constitutional
+subjects."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Hellenic Government entirely disavows the action of Colonel
+Hazzopoulos, commander at Kavala.
+
+The Greek Government demands from Germany that these troops shall be
+brought to the Swiss frontier, that they may be conducted to a
+Mediterranean port, and there be embarked on ships to be sent by the
+Greek Government, so as to bring them back to Greece.
+
+The Greek Government guarantees that they will not be stopped, or made
+to serve any enemy of Germany.
+
+    _Note from the Hellenic Government
+    to Germany, September 26, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Mr. Lloyd George to Neutrals: "Don't stand in our way to victory."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The whole world, including neutrals of the highest purposes and
+humanitarians with the best motives, must know that there can be no
+outside interference at this stage. Britain asked no intervention when
+she was not prepared to fight. She will tolerate none now that she is
+prepared until Prussian military despotism is broken beyond repair.
+
+    D. LLOYD GEORGE, _London, September 28, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE CROWN PRINCE PREACHES TO AMERICA_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+We are all tired of bloodshed, we all want peace. England is the power
+responsible for the continuation of the hopeless effort to crush us. In
+the twentieth century of the Christian era mankind might have been
+expected to have arrived at some maturity of thought and behavior. No
+one can witness, as you during the last fortnight have witnessed, the
+spectacle presented by this appalling sacrifice, this inconceivable
+suffering preposterously out of proportion to any result obtained,
+without wondering whether reason has fled from the earth.
+
+    GERMAN CROWN PRINCE _to Correspondent
+    of New York American. October, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"I am 'operating' at, but not inside your gate; tomorrow I come inside
+with a letter from the Kaiser."_
+
+
+On Sunday, October 8, the world was startled by the news that the U-53
+was sinking British and neutral vessels near Nantucket Shoals Lightship,
+a hundred miles from Newport, U. S. A., and leaving the crews and
+passengers in small boats on the open sea. The underseas craft had
+stationed itself in the steamer lane where nearly all incoming and
+outgoing vessels from New York must pass, and its day's work consisted
+in sending five ships to the bottom, as follows:
+
+    The _Strathdene_, a British freighter.
+    The _West Point_, a British freighter.
+    The _Stephano_, a British passenger liner.
+    The _Bloomersdijk_, a Dutch freighter.
+    The _Christian Knudsen_, Norwegian freighter.
+
+    _New York Times, October 9, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE SUPER ANARCHIST_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+In letting loose these things and in introducing them into war, Germany
+has been the great anarchist who has let loose on the world a greater
+and a more terrible anarchy than any individual anarchist ever dreamed
+of.
+
+Unless there is some means of restraining these things, future war will,
+by the developments of science, be made even more terrible and horrible
+than this war, because Germany has thrown down all the barriers that
+civilisation had previously built up so as to keep the horrors of war
+within bounds.
+
+    VISCOUNT GREY, _Minister for Foreign Affairs,
+    London, October 23, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Fritz: "This is no longer civilized war--they are stronger than we."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Under the title "The Devil's Chariot" the "Duesseldorfer
+Generalanzeiger's" correspondent on the Western front describes the
+British "tanks" and their effect on the astonished German soldiers. As
+the German trench posts came out of their holes in the foggy dawn of
+September 16 and raised heads again after the heavy iron-blows of the
+night and looked toward the English, their blood froze in their veins as
+two mysterious monsters came creeping over the crater fields.
+
+The monster approached slowly, hobbling, moving from side to side,
+rocking and pitching, but it came nearer. Nothing obstructed it; a
+supernatural force seemed to drive it onwards. Some one in the trenches
+cried "the devil comes," and that word ran down the line like lightning.
+Suddenly tongues of fire licked out of the armored shine of the iron
+caterpillar, shells whistled over our heads, and a terrible concert of
+machine-gun orchestra filled the air. The mysterious creature had
+surrendered its secret, and sense returned with it, and toughness and
+defiance, as the English waves of infantry surged up behind the devil's
+chariot.
+
+    _Times Special Correspondent, October 24, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_HOUP LA!!_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+On the Verdun front, after an intense artillery preparation, the
+projected attack on the right bank of the Meuse was launched at twenty
+minutes before twelve this morning.
+
+The enemy line, attacked on a front of seven kilometers (nearly four and
+a half miles), was broken through everywhere to a depth which at the
+middle attained a distance of three kilometers (nearly two miles).
+
+The village and fort of Douaumont are in our hands.
+
+Prisoners are pouring in. Up to the present thirty-five hundred,
+including about one hundred officers, have been counted. The quantity of
+material captured cannot yet be estimated.
+
+    _French Official, October 27, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_BROTHERS IN ARMS_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Soldiers of France,
+
+I am very happy to have been able to realise a desire which I have had
+at heart for a long time, and to express to you my profound admiration
+for your heroic exploits, for your dash as well as your tenacity, and
+those magnificent military virtues which are the proud heritage of the
+French Army.
+
+Under the brilliant leadership of your eminent general-in-chief and his
+distinguished collaborators you, officers, non-commissioned officers,
+and soldiers, have deserved well of your dear country, which will
+forever be grateful to you for your brave efforts in safeguarding and
+defending it.
+
+My armies are very proud to fight by your side and to have you as
+comrades. May the bonds which unite us hold firm and the two countries
+remain thus intimately united for ever.
+
+Soldiers,--Accept my most cordial and sincere greetings. I have no doubt
+that you will bring this gigantic struggle to a victorious conclusion,
+and, in the name of my soldiers and my country, I beg to address to you
+my warmest congratulations and best wishes.
+
+    KING GEORGE V,
+    _Order of the Day, France, October 27, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"PERHAPS THIS ONE WILL KILL MY BOY ON THE YSER"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     (Belgians have been forced to labor in Germany's munition
+     works.)
+
+
+Several of these Belgians who were put at work in Berlin managed to get
+away and come to see me. They gave me a harrowing account of how they
+had been seized in Belgium and made to work in Germany at making
+munitions to be used probably against their own friends. I said to the
+Chancellor, "There are Belgians employed in making shells contrary to
+all rules of war and the Hague conventions." He said, "I do not believe
+it." I said, "My automobile is at the door. I can take you in four
+minutes to where thirty Belgians are working on the manufacture of
+shells." But he did not find time to go.
+
+Americans must understand that the Germans will stop at nothing to win
+this war, and that the only thing they respect is force.
+
+    JAMES W. GERARD,
+    _"My Four Years in Germany."_
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Tirpitz: "Because we have sunk 30 or 40 of your merchantmen you dare to
+refuse our U-Boats entrance to your harbours. That is an unneutral and
+unfriendly act against Germany."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The German note to Norway of October 20 is seriously written, but is in
+no respect an ultimatum. The Norwegian Government has returned no answer
+hitherto, but is in conference with prominent politicians of all
+parties. All is calm here, but business is somewhat depressed owing to
+the damage inflicted by submarines on shipping.
+
+On October 13, Norway prohibited belligerent submarines from using her
+territorial waters, except for the purpose of saving life under stress
+of weather. A violent press campaign against Norway followed in Germany,
+but no indication has hitherto been given of the nature of the note
+presented by Germany to Norway on October 20.
+
+    _London Times Correspondent,
+    Christiania, October 29, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_SLAVE TRANSPORT FROM GHENT_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+     (Two thousand French women have been deported from Ghent to
+     work in German munition factories.)
+
+
+The raids have taken place at Courtrai, Alost, Termonde, Bruges, Ghent,
+Mons, and in numerous rural and industrial communes. The men were
+assembled, examined like cattle, and those found strongest sent away to
+unknown destinations.
+
+At Bruges, the burgomaster, an old man of eighty, who since the
+beginning of the occupation has given an example of noble patriotism,
+has been deposed for having refused to help the German military
+administration in its revolting task. The town was fined 100,000 marks
+($25,000) for each day's delay in the enrolment of the victims.
+
+    _Belgian Government Official
+    Protest against Deportation,
+    November, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE NEW KINGDOM OF POLAND_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The liberation of Poland is closely connected with the victory of
+Germany and her allies, who alone are interested in the existence of a
+free Poland, and for whose sake Poland must not go back to Russia.
+Germany's security demands that for all future times the Russian armies
+shall not be able to use a militarily consolidated Poland as an invasion
+gate to Silesia and West Prussia.
+
+To Poland liberated from Russian rule we offer the possibility of
+seeking support in the Central Powers and in firm alliance with them of
+leading a free life in its own state, politically and economically.
+Especially for the near future, the Poles will have a strong claim on
+our assistance.
+
+    _Proclamation by_ GENERAL VON BESELER,
+    _Governor of Warsaw, November 5, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Belgian civilians are deported by the army in occupation to the
+munition works in Germany to prevent their moral decay._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The situation which we denounce to the civilised world may be summed up
+as follows: Four hundred thousand workmen are reduced to unemployment
+through no fault of their own, and largely inconvenience the German
+occupation. Sons, husbands, fathers, respectful of public order, bow to
+their unhappy lot. With their most pressing needs provided for, they
+await with dignity the end of their period of trial.
+
+Now, suddenly, parties of soldiers begin to enter by force these
+peaceful homes, tearing youth from parent, husband from wife, father
+from children. They bar with the bayonet the door through which wives
+and mothers wish to pass to say farewell to those departing. They herd
+their captives in groups of tens and twenties and push them into cars.
+As soon as the train is filled, the officer in charge brusquely waves
+the signal for departure. Thus thousands of Belgians are being reduced
+to slavery.
+
+    CARDINAL MERCIER _in behalf of
+    Bishops of Belgium, November 7, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE NEW KINGDOM OF POLAND_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The rulers of the allied powers of Austria-Hungary and Germany have
+given notification of their resolution to form of the Polish territory
+delivered from Russian tyranny the new autonomous Kingdom of Poland.
+Your most ardent desire, entertained in vain for more than a century, is
+thus fulfilled.
+
+The importance and danger of this war-time and regard for our armies
+standing before the enemy oblige us for the present to keep the
+administration of your new state still in our hands. Readily, however,
+we will give, with your aid, to the new Poland by degrees those public
+institutions which guarantee her consolidation, development, and safety.
+Of these the Polish Army is the most important.
+
+    _Proclamation by_ GOV. GENERAL VON BESELER,
+    _Warsaw, Poland, November 10, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE EYES OF THE ARMY_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE ROYAL FLYING CORPS
+
+
+In this combination between infantry and artillery the Royal Flying
+Corps played a highly important part. The admirable work of this corps
+has been a very satisfactory feature of the battle. Under the conditions
+of modern war the duties of the Air Service are many and varied. They
+include the regulation and control of artillery fire by indicating
+targets and observing and reporting the results of rounds; the taking of
+photographs of enemy trenches, strong points, battery positions, and of
+the effect of bombardments; and the observation of the movements of the
+enemy behind his lines.
+
+The greatest skill and daring has been shown in the performance of all
+these duties, as well as in bombing expeditions. Our Air Service has
+also coooperated with our infantry in their assaults, signaling the
+position of our attacking troops and turning machine-guns upon the enemy
+infantry and even upon his batteries in action.
+
+    SIR DOUGLAS HAIG'S _Official Report on
+    the Somme Battle, December, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"DO NOT MISS HIM THIS TIME, TINO"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+It is assumed here that the agreement on the part of the Greek
+Government to surrender six batteries terminates the Allied control of
+the Greek railways and the postal and telegraphic censorship.
+
+_Telegram from Athens, December 3, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_SCENE IN THE GREAT PEACE PANTOMIME. THE ROBBER'S CAVE, GERMANIA
+GUARDING THE DOOR._
+
+_Robber Chief to his Gang: "Boys, it's time for us to get away with the
+swag."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+In a deep moral and religious sense of duty toward his nation and,
+beyond it, toward humanity, the emperor now considers that the moment
+has come for official action toward peace. His majesty, therefore, in
+complete harmony and in common with our allies, decided to propose to
+the hostile powers to enter peace negotiations. This morning I
+transmitted a note to this effect to all the hostile powers through the
+representatives of those powers which are watching over our interests
+and rights in the hostile states.
+
+    BETHMANN-HOLLWEG,
+    _Reichstag, December 12, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_AFTER THE FALL OF BUKHAREST_
+
+_Chorus, "Long live the diplomacy of our enemies."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Germans announce the occupation of Bukharest. The evacuation of the
+city was clearly imminent, and for some time past there has been little
+hope that it could be saved. As a recent semi-official statement from
+Bukharest intimated, the forts had been disarmed and the Rumanians never
+intended to defend it if the field defences before it could not be held.
+
+    _Times Correspondent, December 15, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE FRENCH VICTORY AT VERDUN_
+
+_The Crown Prince leaves Pepper Hill to occupy a second line of defence
+prepared beforehand._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The French have achieved a splendid victory before Verdun.
+
+The capture of the strongly fortified position of Poivre Ridge was
+decisive in its effect upon the fighting along the whole line. The ridge
+was turned, and when the Germans, abandoning everything in their flight,
+found their retreat cut off, they surrendered in hundreds.
+
+    _Times Correspondent, December 17, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_WHILE THEY TALK PEACE_
+
+_U-Boat Officer: "We have done for their ship. Now fire quick into their
+life-boats!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The degree of savagery which the Germans have attained in their
+submarine policy of sinking merchant-ships at sight would appear to have
+reached its climax in the sinking of the British steam-ship
+_Westminster_, proceeding in ballast from Torre dell' Annunziata to Port
+Said. On December 14 this vessel was attacked by a German submarine,
+without warning, when 180 miles from the nearest land, and struck by two
+torpedoes in quick succession, which killed four men. She sank in four
+minutes.
+
+This ruthless disregard of the rules of international law was followed
+by a deliberate attempt to murder the survivors. The officers and crew,
+while effecting their escape from the sinking ship in boats, were
+shelled by the submarine at a range of three thousand yards. The master
+and chief engineer were killed outright and their boat sunk. The second
+and third engineers and three of the crew were not picked up, and are
+presumed to have been drowned.
+
+Great Britain, in common with all other civilised nations, regards the
+sinking without warning of merchant-ships with detestation.
+
+    _British Admiralty Report,
+    December 19, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE PEACE MOVE (II)_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+BERLIN, DECEMBER 14, 1916
+
+     (The Berlin papers related that, after the German peace
+     proposal had been announced, hundreds of thousands waited in
+     the streets during the night for the answers from the Allies.)
+
+Soldiers: In agreement with the sovereigns of my allies, and with the
+consciousness of victory, I have made an offer of peace to the enemy.
+Whether it will be accepted is still uncertain. Until that moment
+arrives you will fight on.
+
+
+    _The_ KAISER _to the Army, December, 1916._
+
+Fully conscious of the gravity of this moment, but equally conscious of
+its requirements, the allied Governments, closely united to one another
+and in perfect sympathy with their peoples, refuse to consider a
+proposal which is empty and insincere.
+
+Once again the Allies declare that no peace is possible so long as they
+have not secured reparation for violated rights and liberties, the
+recognition of the principle of nationality and of the free existence of
+small States, so long as they have not brought about a settlement
+calculated to end once and for all forces which have constituted a
+perpetual menace to the nations, and to afford the only effective
+guarantee for the future security of the world.
+
+    _Joint Reply of Entente Allies to
+    German Peace Proposal,
+    December 30, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_HURRAH! "WAR ON ALL NEUTRALS AT LAST"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Neutral ships which navigate the barred zones will do so at their own
+risk. Even though provision be made that neutral ships which on February
+1st are en route to ports in the barred zones will be spared during an
+appropriate period, it is nevertheless urgently advisable that they be
+directed by all means available into other routes. Neutral ships which
+are lying in harbors in the barred zones can with equal security still
+leave the barred zones if they depart before February 5 and take the
+shortest route to a free zone.
+
+    _German Note Presented to the United
+    States Ambassador,_ MR. GERARD,
+    _Amsterdam, January 31, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE CONVICTS' STRIPES_
+
+_America and China: "You order us to paint convicts' stripes on our
+ships. We will not. Wear them yourselves."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Sailing of regular American passenger steamers may continue undisturbed
+after February 1, 1917, if
+
+(A) The port of destination is Falmouth.
+
+(B) Sailing to or coming from that port course is taken via the Scilly
+Islands and a point fifty degrees north, twenty degrees west.
+
+(C) The steamers are marked in the following way, which must not be
+allowed to other vessels in American ports: On ship's hull and
+superstructure three vertical stripes one meter wide, each to be painted
+alternately white and red. Each mast should show a large flag checkered
+white and red, and the stern the American national flag. Care should be
+taken that, during dark, national flag and painted marks are easily
+recognizable from a distance, and that the boats are well lighted
+throughout.
+
+    _German Note Announcing "Unlimited"
+    Submarine Warfare, January 31, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"GO ON, WILLIAM! A TRUE HOHENZOLLERN NEVER GETS ENOUGH BLOOD"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Under the convention belligerents have the right to search hospital
+ships, and the German Government has, therefore, an obvious remedy in
+case of suspicion--a remedy which they have never utilised.
+
+From the German Government's statement that hospital ships will no
+longer be tolerated within the limits mentioned, only one conclusion can
+be drawn, namely, that it is the intention of the German Government to
+add yet other and more unspeakable crimes against law and humanity to
+the long list which disgraces their record.
+
+    _Foreign Office Statement,
+    February 9, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Germany: "Till now you have left the fighting to me and kept splendidly
+neutral--don't part from that splendid attitude!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+We regret the rupture with a nation who, by her history, seemed to be
+predestined to work together with us, not against us, for common ideals.
+But since our honest desire for peace has only encountered hostile
+ridicule on the part of our enemies, there is no more "going back," but
+only "ahead" possible for us.
+
+    _German Memorandum,
+    February 27, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE REBIRTH OF RUSSIA_
+
+(_A new and powerful Russia rises like a Phoenix from the ashes of the
+old reactionary regime._)
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+It is with sentiments of the most profound satisfaction that the peoples
+of Great Britain and of the British Dominions across the seas have
+learned that their great Ally Russia now stands with the nations which
+base their institutions upon responsible government.
+
+Much as we appreciate the loyal and steadfast cooperation which we have
+received from the late Emperor and the armies of Russia during the past
+two and a half years, yet I believe that the revolution whereby the
+Russian people have based their destinies on the sure foundation of
+freedom is the greatest service which they have yet made to the cause
+for which the Allied peoples have been fighting since August, 1914.
+
+It reveals the fundamental truth that this war is at bottom a struggle
+for popular government as well as for liberty. It shows that through the
+war, the principle of liberty, which is the only sure safeguard of peace
+in the world, has already won one resounding victory. It is the sure
+promise that the Prussian military autocracy which began the war, and
+which is still the only barrier to peace, will itself before long be
+overthrown.
+
+    _Telegram from_ MR. LLOYD GEORGE
+    _to_ PRINCE LVOFF,
+    _Russian Provisional Government.
+    March, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+    _"WE BOMBARDED THE FORT
+    OF LONDON"_
+    _--German Official._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Latest police reports show that the casualties so far reported in
+to-day's air-raid are:--
+
+              _Killed_           _Injured_
+    Men             55 Men             223
+    Women           16 Women           122
+    Children        26 Children         94
+                   ---                ----
+    Total           97 Total           439
+
+No damage of a military or naval nature was done.
+
+The following German official report was issued on Wednesday:--
+
+    Killed              104
+    Seriously injured   154
+    Slightly injured    269
+                       ----
+                        527
+
+including 120 children killed or injured.
+
+To-day our airmen dropped bombs on the Fort of London.
+
+    _British Official, June 13, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_William to Japan: "I will never again make drawings about 'The Yellow
+Peril' if you will help me against 'The American Peril.'"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+On February first we intend to begin submarine warfare without
+restriction. In spite of this it is our intention to endeavor to keep
+the United States neutral. If this attempt is not successful, we propose
+an alliance on the following basis with Mexico:
+
+That we shall make war together and together make peace; we shall give
+general financial support, and it is understood that Mexico is to
+reconquer her lost territory of New Mexico, Texas, and Arizona. The
+details are left to you for settlement.
+
+You are instructed to inform the President of Mexico of the above in the
+greatest confidence as soon as it is certain that there will be an
+outbreak of war with the United States, and suggest that the President
+of Mexico shall on his own initiative communicate with Japan suggesting
+the latter's adherence at once to this plan, and at the same time offer
+to mediate between Germany and Japan.
+
+Please call to the attention of the President of Mexico that the
+employment of ruthless submarine warfare now promises to compel England
+to make peace in a few months.
+
+    ZIMMERMANN'S _Letter to Mexico,
+    Written January 19,
+    Published March 1, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE PRESIDENT'S HANDICAP_
+
+_President Wilson, who wishes to take measures to safeguard his
+country's interests and honor against Hun piracy and intrigue, finds his
+hands tied and his appeals flouted by German Americans, pacifists, and
+professors of "friendly diplomacy."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Sharp opposition arose yesterday to the requisite resolution in the
+Senate under the leadership of Senators La Follette and Stone and a few
+cranky Western radicals. Senator La Follette, who, besides being of
+pacifist tendencies, represents Wisconsin, where the German vote is
+strong, had all along been expected to take advantage of the privilege
+of unlimited debate in order to try to kill the resolution.
+
+    _Times Correspondent
+    Washington, March 4, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Germany: "We have turned the richest lands of France into a gigantic
+region of Death."_
+
+_Christ: "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these ye
+have done it unto me."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Our retreat from the old positions on the Ancre and the Somme has
+nullified the projected great Anglo-French spring offensive against our
+center on the Western front.
+
+Long strips of territory, having a width of from ten to twelve
+kilometers (from six and one-fourth to seven and one-half miles), and
+running along the whole of our position, have been turned into "dead
+ground." No villages or farm remains standing on this glacis, no road is
+passable, and no bridge, railway-line, or embankment remains standing.
+Before our new positions runs, like a gigantic ribbon, the empire.
+
+    _Lokalanzeiger, March 18, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Attila: "You have burned and plundered the villages and poisoned the
+wells. What a hero you are, William!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The commandant of outposts will direct the destruction of the various
+localities. The final and complete destruction of Grevillers,
+Biefvillers, Aubin, and Avesnes will begin at the hour of X-2. To
+provide the detachments for setting fire to houses each commandant in
+the sector will furnish two sub-officers and twenty men from the B
+battalions, and two stretcher-bearers with litters. The destruction of
+Favreuil, Beugnatre, and Fremicourt will begin on the second day of the
+retirement at the hour of X-3. The destruction of Morchies will be
+executed in the morning of the third day of the retirement, at about
+five o'clock.... The destruction of Louverval, Boursies, Demicourt will
+begin on the third day of the retirement. For these operations the
+commandant of pioneers will arrange with the commandant of outposts of
+Division S, Sector III., Major von Uechtritz, at Doignies, in such
+manner that all the details of destruction not carried out under orders
+of the commandant of outposts shall be executed later by Division S.
+
+The lighting of the incendiary fires shall be executed under command of
+the officers by the different detachments. The destruction of all wells
+is important.
+
+    TIEDE (F. D. R.)
+    BAESSLER, OBERLEUTNANT.
+    _German Official._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_FOR HOLY RUSSIA AND HUMANITY!_
+
+_Russian patriotism tramples on the traitorous pro-German dragon whose
+breath has paralyzed Russia in the field and at home. The kaiser sees
+and slinks away._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Before retiring into the background the Executive Committee of the Duma,
+under M. Rodzianko, issued on March 20 the following noteworthy appeal
+to the nation:
+
+A great event has happened. By one mighty effort the Russian people have
+overthrown the old order of things. A new free Russia has been born. In
+the course of nine long years all the rights won by the people were
+taken away from it one by one. The country was once again thrown into
+the abyss of arbitrariness and autocracy. All attempts to bring the
+Government to reason proved fruitless, and the great world-war into
+which our country was drawn by the enemy found it in a state of moral
+disorganisation, with a Government separated from the people,
+indifferent to the fate of the country, and sunk in the disgrace of
+vices of every kind....
+
+The people were obliged to take over the power in the State into their
+own hands. The unanimous revolutionary impulse of the people, animated
+by the sense of the importance of the hour, and the resoluteness of the
+Duma, have created a Provisional Government which deems it to be its
+sacred and responsible duty to realise the people's aspirations and to
+lead the country on to the bright road of free civic organisation.
+
+    M. RODZIANKO,
+    _The Duma, March 20, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE TWO GIANTS_
+
+_Germany: "I destroy!" America: "I create!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Among the many steps which are being taken by the Government to meet the
+emergency created by the submarine menace is the graduating of the first
+and second classes in the Naval Academy. The first class will be
+graduated on March 29, and the second class several weeks later. This
+measure will provide 374 additional naval officers.
+
+    _Reuter, Washington, March 20, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_William to General von Fleck: "We must save these beautiful things from
+destruction and fire."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+All the reports which have reached us confirm the report that the enemy
+has systematically pillaged and ravaged the evacuated zone, mostly
+without reasons of a military nature. General von Fleck, the Commander
+of the 17th German Army Corps, in leaving Ham carried away the furniture
+of the house which he occupied in the town.
+
+    _French Official, March 22, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Uncle Sam: "So we are only a dollar making people, are we?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Germany never had the slightest intention of attacking the United States
+of America, and does not intend to do so now. Germany never desired war
+against the United States of America, and she does not desire it to-day.
+How did things develop? We told the United States more than once that we
+announced the unrestricted use of the submarine weapon in the
+expectation that England could be made to observe in her blockade policy
+the laws of humanity and international agreements.
+
+If the American nation regards this as a reason for declaring war
+against the German nation, with which it has lived in peace for more
+than a hundred years; if by this action it wants to increase bloodshed,
+not we shall have to bear the burden of responsibility for it. The
+German nation, which feels neither hatred nor hostility towards the
+United States of America, will also bear this and overcome it.
+
+    HERR VON BETHMANN-HOLLWEG,
+    _Berlin, March 29, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_In the Office of a German Newspaper in America_
+
+_"My tear vellow, as long as you not forget to wave now and again a
+leedle American flag, you can safely go on committing high treason in
+the interest of our Vaterland."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Aid and comfort to our German enemy assume a peculiarly insidious and
+subtle form, as we are warned by leading papers in various parts of the
+country, in the attempts of certain journals to confuse the minds of the
+American people about our motives in entering the war, and to implant
+seeds of suspicion and distrust concerning our Allies.
+
+_Literary Digest, April, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_BECAUSE IT IS THY WAR, IT IS MY WAR_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+God of the Ages, our father's God, and our God, whose holy influence has
+shaped and guided the destiny of our Republic from its inception, we
+wait upon that influence to guide us in the present crisis which has
+been thrust upon us.
+
+Diplomacy has failed; moral suasion has failed; every appeal to reason
+and justice has been swept aside. We abhor war and love peace. But if
+war has been, or shall be, forced upon us, we pray that the heart of
+every American citizen shall throb with patriotic zeal; that a united
+people may rally around our President to hold up his hands in every
+measure that shall be deemed necessary to protect American lives and
+safeguard our inherent rights.
+
+Let thy blessings, we beseech Thee, attend the Congress now convened in
+extraordinary session under extraordinary conditions which call for
+extraordinary thought, wise counsel, calm and deliberate legislation;
+that its resolves and all its enactments may spring spontaneously from
+loyal and patriotic hearts; that our defenders on land and sea may be
+amply supplied with the things which make for strength and efficiency.
+
+And, O God, our Heavenly Father, let Thy strong arm uphold, sustain, and
+guide us in a just and righteous cause; for Thine is the kingdom, the
+power, and glory, forever. Amen.
+
+    REV. DR. HENRY M. COUDEN,
+    _In Congress, U. S. A.,
+    April 2, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"THE STARS AND STRIPES IN THE SERVICE OF HUMANITY"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+We are now about to accept gage of battle with this natural foe to
+liberty, and shall, if necessary, spend the whole force of the nation to
+check and nullify its pretensions and its power. We are glad, now that
+we see the facts with no veil of false pretense about them, to fight
+thus for the ultimate peace of the peoples included: for the rights of
+nations great and small and the privilege of men everywhere to choose
+their way of life and of obedience. The world must be made safe for
+democracy. Its peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of
+political liberty. We have no selfish ends to serve. We desire no
+conquest, no dominion. We seek no indemnities of ourselves, no material
+compensation for the sacrifices we shall freely make. We are but one of
+the champions of the rights of mankind. We shall be satisfied when those
+rights have been made as secure as the faith and the freedom of nations
+can make them.
+
+    PRESIDENT WILSON'S
+    _Address to Congress,
+    April 2, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_PROUD TO FIGHT_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+There are, it may be, many months of fiery trial and sacrifice ahead of
+us. It is a fearful thing to lead this great peaceful people into war,
+into the most terrible and disastrous of all wars, civilization itself
+seeming to be in the balance. But the right is more precious than peace,
+and we shall fight for the things which we have always carried nearest
+our hearts--for democracy, for the right of those who submit to
+authority to have a voice in their own governments, for the rights and
+liberties of small nations, for a universal dominion of right by such a
+concert of free peoples as shall bring peace and safety to all nations
+and make the world itself at last free. To such a task we can dedicate
+our lives and our fortunes, everything that we are and everything that
+we have, with the pride of those who know that the day has come when
+America is privileged to spend her blood and her might for the
+principles that gave her birth and happiness and the peace which she has
+treasured. God helping her, she can do no other.
+
+    PRESIDENT WILSON'S
+    _Address to Congress,
+    April 2, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"ACCORDING TO PLAN"_
+
+_Hindenburg: "We lost Vimy Ridge, about 12,000 prisoners, 125 guns, 70
+mortars, 175 machine-guns, all according to pl...."_
+
+_William: "Shut up!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Hard fighting took place again this afternoon on the northern end of
+Vimy Ridge, in which we gained further important positions and took a
+number of prisoners and machine-guns.
+
+In the direction of Cambrai we have advanced our line north of the
+village of Louverval.
+
+Such counter-attacks as the enemy has attempted at different points
+along our front have met with no success.
+
+The number of prisoners taken by us since the opening of our attack
+yesterday morning now exceeds 11,000, including 235 officers.
+
+We have also captured over 100 guns, among them a number of heavy guns
+up to 8-inch calibre, 60 trench mortars, and 163 machine-guns.
+
+_British Official, April 10, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_WELCOME TO STOCKHOLM!_
+
+_The German Delegates: "Ils viennent jusque dans nos bras ...."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+According to the statements of an Austrian officer, a deserter, the
+German chancellor has sent a number of German Socialists to Stockholm to
+interview the representatives of Russian Socialists and negotiate for a
+separate peace.
+
+Another Austrian deserter alleges that peace is being spoken of less
+frequently than formerly in the Austrian Army, and that everybody hopes
+the internal disorders in Russia will help in bringing about her
+destruction.
+
+    _Russian Official,
+    Petrograd, April 14, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Austria: "Why won't you trust me, Little Red Riding Hood?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+As it was herewith clearly demonstrated to the entire world, and
+especially to the people of Russia, that Russia was no longer forced to
+fight for her defences and for the freedom of her people, it should, in
+view of the conformity of the aims of the governments of the allies and
+of the Russian Provisional Government, not be difficult to find a way
+toward an understanding. This the less as the emperor (Charles) in
+agreement with the allied monarchs cherishes the hope of living in
+future in peace and friendship with a Russian people which, as regards
+its internal and external conditions of life, will be secured and
+content.
+
+    _Austrian Government to Russia,
+    April 15, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_KULTUR V. CIVILISATION_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+On the evening of April 17 the S.S. _Donegal_ and _Lanfranc_, while
+transporting wounded to British ports, were torpedoed without warning.
+
+The _Lanfranc_, in addition to 234 wounded British officers and men,
+carried 167 wounded German prisoners, a medical personnel of 52, and a
+crew of 123.
+
+    _British Admiralty Official,
+    April 17, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_American Soldier: "Remember we have plenty of lamp-posts for
+traitors."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+It's about time for the hamstringers that are lurking in the tall grass
+and the sabotagists who are trying to throw monkey-wrenches into the war
+machinery to shut off and up or look for unpleasant consequences.
+
+These hidden-hangers do not come out in the open, even to the extent of
+the semi-treasonable sentiments of the Pro-German Socialists at St.
+Louis. If they did, it wouldn't be necessary to pay any attention to
+them. They work in a more insidious way. Under the guise of American
+citizenship they rise up every now and then, individuals or
+organizations of doubtful origin and purpose, to demand why the United
+States is in the war and what its intentions are....
+
+Americans are in no mood to tolerate national sabotage of this sort any
+more than plain and open aid and comfort to the enemy. Every man of
+common sense knows why we are in the war and what we want to do. We are
+in it because we were forced into it by outrageous aggressions and
+because we are determined to make the world safe for American democracy.
+
+_Chicago Herald, May, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE SOCIALIST BAIT FOR RUSSIA_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+At the last sitting of the executive committee of the Council of
+Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates, M. Borgbjerg, on behalf of the Labour
+parties of Scandinavia--Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian--conveyed an
+official invitation to all Socialist parties in Russia to the proposed
+international conference at Stockholm.
+
+_Reuter, Petrograd, May 8, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_ON LAND AND WATER_
+
+_The End of the Hindenburg Line?_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Washington correspondent of the Associated Press states that
+Congress will be asked to appropriate $1,000,000,000 (L200,000,000) for
+the building of an American merchant fleet to overcome the submarine
+menace.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The program of the Shipping Board contemplates the diversion to the
+Government of the product of every steel-mill in the United States and
+the cancelation of existing contracts between the mills and private
+consumers, and, where necessary, the payment of damages by the
+Government to the parties whose contracts are canceled. The Board
+estimates that from five to six million tons of steel and wooden vessels
+will be constructed by the Government in the next two years.
+
+    _Associated Press,
+    Washington, May 8, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"A POISON-GAS ATTACK ON NEW RUSSIA"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Isolated groups of certain classes of the population, lacking
+conscientiousness, seek to realize their aspirations by the medium of
+violence, and threaten to destroy the discipline of internal policy and
+to create anarchy.
+
+The Provisional Government believes it to be its duty to declare frankly
+that this state of things, which renders the administration of the
+country difficult, may lead the country to internal disorganisation and
+defeat at the front. The phantom of anarchy and civil war threatening
+liberty arises before Russia.
+
+    _Russian Provisional
+    Government Proclamation,
+    Petrograd, May 9, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_A FOOL'S PARADISE_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+As affairs are going now, it will be impossible to save the country.
+Perhaps the time is near when we will have to tell you that we can no
+longer give you the amount of bread you expect or other supplies on
+which you have a right to count. The process of the change from slavery
+to freedom is not going on properly. We have tasted freedom and are
+slightly intoxicated. What we need is sobriety and discipline.
+
+You could suffer and be silent for ten years, and obey the orders of a
+hated Government. You could even fire upon your own people when
+commanded to do so. Can you now suffer no longer?
+
+We hear it said that we no longer need the front because they are
+fraternizing there. But are they fraternizing on all the fronts? Are
+they fraternizing on the French front? No, comrades, if you are going to
+fraternize, then fraternize everywhere. Are not enemy forces being
+thrown over upon the Anglo-French front, and is not the Anglo-French
+advance already stopped? There is no such thing as a "Russian front,"
+there is only one general Allied front.
+
+    KERENSKY, _Russian Minister of Justice,
+    May 14, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE UNITED STATES FOR CONSCRIPTION_
+
+_William: "Do you mean to say that you are really going to do
+something?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The day here named is the time upon which all shall present themselves
+for assignment to their tasks. It is for that reason destined to be
+remembered as one of the most conspicuous moments in our history. It is
+nothing less than the day upon which the manhood of the country shall
+step forward in one solid rank in defense of the ideals to which this
+nation is consecrated. It is important to those ideals no less than to
+the pride of this generation in manifesting its devotion to them, that
+there be no gaps in the ranks.
+
+    _From_ PRESIDENT WILSON'S _Proclamation
+    of the Draft Law, May 18, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_John Bull: "A hearty welcome! Come in, Mate."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Sir Edward Carson was the chief speaker at a luncheon given at Princes
+Restaurant on the 17th inst., by the Navy League to the chairman and
+committee of the Navy League of the United States. The gathering was
+representative of the British Parliament and Navy, and several American
+Naval officers were among the guests.
+
+The Duke of Buccleuch, who presided, gave the toasts of "The King" and
+"The President of the United States."
+
+Mr. Irwin Laughlin (Councillor to the United States Embassy), in
+responding, expressed regret that the Ambassador was unable to be
+present. He would like to say, in thanking his Grace for the very
+flattering and agreeable words he had been good enough to utter in
+regard to the President, and the alliance, that he was sure both the
+President and the Ambassador felt that the binding force of any alliance
+sprang not from a matter of treaties, but from a reciprocal confidence
+in mutual aims.
+
+    _British Admiralty, Official,
+    May 22, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Tommy: "Look here, Bill, here's a bit of old Hindenburg's line."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Sir Douglas Haig, who has never yet made a premature claim of success,
+has been able to announce that ten miles of the vaunted Hindenburg line
+have passed into the possession of his gallant troops. The Germans say
+that "there is no Hindenburg line," and in one respect at least they are
+correct. Our Special Correspondent, in a despatch published in this
+issue, declares that the Hindenburg line is "now undiscoverable." The
+attacking forces gained possession of a very long stretch of pulverized
+ground, but the line itself had been battered out of recognition.
+
+    _The Times, May 25, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_A GOOD START_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A brief _resume_ of what the United States have accomplished during the
+seven weeks which have elapsed since they entered the war may not be
+without interest as demonstrating America's complete participation in
+the war and her ability to give immediate and powerful aid.
+
+A selective Draft Bill which will ultimately give an Army of 2,000,000
+men has passed Congress, and will be put into operation forthwith. The
+loan legislation has passed Congress, and the law is already in
+operation with prospects of the greatest success; $750,000,000 has
+already been advanced to the Allies.
+
+    _British Press Bureau,
+    May 27, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE DECISION OF THE SEAMEN'S AND FIREMEN'S UNION_
+
+_"Don't think, my beauty, that we are going to ship you to those German
+friends of yours at Stockholm."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The following telegram, signed by Mr. Havelock Wilson as President of
+the Sailors' and Firemen's Union, has been sent to the Council of
+Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates in Petrograd:
+
+     Comrades, I am instructed by the Committee of the National
+     Sailors' and Firemen's Union of Great Britain and Ireland,
+     representing 100,000 organized seamen, to inform you that we
+     have decided not to work on any ship which conveys delegates to
+     Petrograd or Stockholm until such delegates give an undertaking
+     in writing that no war settlement can be made with Germany
+     until the German Government make restitution to the relatives
+     of Allied and neutral seamen who have been murdered when
+     endeavouring to escape from their sinking ships that were
+     torpedoed by German submarines. We desire that you will make
+     inquiries as to the noble part played by the British Seamen's
+     Union towards the Russian revolutionary party in 1905 and 1906,
+     when, you will find, we were the true friends of Russian
+     democracy.
+
+    _June, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_GERMANY'S PEACE AGENTS CAUGHT IN THEIR OWN TRAP_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+THE GRIMM EPISODE
+
+
+The German conspiracy for a separate peace received a severe setback
+when the General Congress of Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates of all
+Russia, by a vote of 640 to 121, approved the attitude of the Government
+in expelling from Russia Robert Grimm, a Swiss Socialist pacifist, who
+had received the following communication, when in Petrograd, from M.
+Hoffman, member of the Swiss Federal Council:
+
+     "Germany will not undertake an offensive so long as she
+     considers it possible to arrive at an understanding with
+     Russia. Numerous conversations with prominent politicians lead
+     me to believe that Germany is seeking to conclude with Russia a
+     mutually honorable peace, and a peace which would result in the
+     re-establishment of close economic and commercial relations
+     with Russia; the financial support of Germany to Russia for her
+     restoration; no intervention in the internal affairs of Russia;
+     a friendly understanding with regard to Poland, Lithuania, and
+     Courland; and the restoration to Russia of her occupied
+     territories, in return for the districts of Austria invaded by
+     Russia. I am convinced that if the allies of Russia desired it,
+     Germany and her allies would be ready immediately to open peace
+     negotiations."
+
+    _Current History, June, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE FALL OF THE MARK_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The exchange value of the mark fell to-day to the lowest point yet
+recorded here, namely, 35.40 florins per 100 marks. The Austrian crown
+also touched its lowest, the exchange being 22.40fl.
+
+The mark has fallen since June from 36.15fl. to the value above
+mentioned. The pre-war rate was 59.25fl.
+
+    _Amsterdam, June 7, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_AMERICA'S CHOICE_
+
+_America refuses the olive branch from "the ugly talons of the sinister
+power."_
+
+    _President Wilson's Address on
+    Flag Day, June 14, 1917._
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+We know now clearly, as we knew before we ourselves were engaged in the
+war, that we are not enemies of the German people, and they are not our
+enemies. They did not originate, or desire, this hideous war, or wish
+that we should be drawn into it, and we are vaguely conscious that we
+are fighting their cause, as they will some day see it themselves, as
+well as our own. They themselves are in the grip of the same sinister
+power that has stretched its ugly talons out and drawn blood from us.
+
+    PRESIDENT WILSON,
+    _Washington, June 14, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_OLD AND NEW GLORY_
+
+_"For Liberty, Humanity, and Justice we are coming, 10,000,000 of us."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+My Fellow-Citizens: We meet to celebrate Flag Day because this flag
+which we honor and under which we serve is the emblem of our unity, our
+power, our thought, and purpose as a nation. It has no other character
+than that which we give it from generation to generation. The choices
+are ours. It floats in majestic silence above the hosts that execute
+those choices, whether in peace or in war. And yet, though silent, it
+speaks to us--speaks to us of the past, of the men and women who went
+before us and of the records they wrote upon it. We are about to carry
+it into battle, to lift it where it will draw the fire of our enemies.
+We are about to bid thousands, hundreds of thousands, it may be
+millions, of our men, the young, the strong, the capable men of the
+nation, to go forth and die beneath it on fields of blood far away--for
+what? For some unaccustomed thing? For something for which it has never
+sought the fire before?
+
+These are questions which must be answered. We are Americans. We in our
+turn serve America, and can serve her with no private purpose. We must
+use her flag as she has always used it. We are accountable at the bar of
+history and must plead in utter frankness what purpose it is we seek to
+serve.
+
+    PRESIDENT WILSON, _Washington,
+    Flag Day, June 14, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_YOU DARED TO FIND US OUT!_
+
+_Baron Von Rautenfels (Diplomatic Messenger from Berlin to Norway): "Not
+how the bombs came here, but that you dared to open my luggage, is all
+that matters to Germany."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The police on Saturday arrested a certain Baron von Rautenfels, who
+declares that he was born in Finland, but is now a German subject, and
+two Finlanders. At their lodgings and in the luggage of these persons
+the police found nearly a ton of explosives of a very powerful variety.
+Part of these explosives was made up to resemble coal briquettes, and
+was all ready to be mixed with the coal in ships' bunkers. The baron's
+luggage also contained cigarettes and tobacco mixed with carborundum,
+which can be used to ruin engines or machinery. The baron and the other
+arrested persons declare that the bombs and other explosives were to be
+used in Finland.
+
+    _Christiania, June 24, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_FRATERNIZING ON THE GALICIAN FRONT AS GENERAL BRUSILOFF UNDERSTANDS IT_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+M. Kerensky (the Russian War Minister) and General Brusiloff have
+organised a new offensive in Galicia which has had a magnificent
+success, a tremendous blow being struck at the enemy. The news of
+victory has transformed Petrograd, and the pessimism that was paralyzing
+the people has given way to a flood of eager patriotism.
+
+    _Times Correspondent,
+    Petrograd, July 4, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE FALL OF THE CHILD SLAYER_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Three airships only were able to approach the outskirts of London.
+
+One of them appeared over the northern districts at about 2:15 A.M.,
+where she was at once picked up by searchlights and heavily engaged by
+anti-aircraft guns and aeroplanes. After a few minutes the airship was
+seen to burst into flame and to fall rapidly towards the earth. The ship
+was destroyed; the wreckage, engines, and the half-burned bodies of the
+crew being found at Cuffley, near Enfield.
+
+    _British Official, September 3, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_AT THE WORLD'S JUDGMENT SEAT_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Since the first day the war has been to us nothing but the defence of
+our right to existence and freedom. Therefore we were able first and
+alone to declare our readiness for peace negotiations. I spoke on July
+9, 1915, and afterwards repeatedly with sufficient clearness on the
+subject. Mr. Asquith and Lord Robert Cecil do not get rid of my words by
+asserting that Germany had announced none, or only intolerable and
+humiliating peace conditions. We did our part, nor does any one dare to
+demand that we should make offers to-day when the enemy, as M. Briand
+recently did, characterises the conclusion of peace to-day as weakness
+for the memory of the dead. They continue the war because they hope to
+be able to attain their Utopian war aims.
+
+    BETHMANN-HOLLWEG,
+    _Berlin, October 5, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"WE'LL GIVE THESE YANKEES A TASTE OF OUR STEEL"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Eight vessels (including one passenger liner) have been torpedoed so far
+by the _U-53_, which has caused a sensation since her appearance in
+Newport Harbor only to move again in a few hours. As far as is known no
+lives have been lost. The crew of one vessel is not yet accounted for.
+
+    _Times Correspondent,
+    New York, October 9, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"We are willing now to make peace so that you may enjoy still more the
+blessings of our Kultur."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A German Embassy official, who stipulated that his name must not be
+used, said that the terms include "practically" the restoration of the
+_status quo ante bellum_ (including the return of Germany's colonies),
+the creation of new kingdoms of Poland and Lithuania, and changes in the
+Balkan boundaries, but at least part of Serbia and Rumania to be
+restored.
+
+    _Times Correspondent,
+    New York, December 12, 1916._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE KAISER HAS ORDERED HIS PEOPLE A FIRE-EATING DIET_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Conjointly with the allied rulers I proposed to our enemies to enter
+forthwith into peace negotiations. Our enemies refused my offer. Their
+hunger for power desires Germany's destruction. The war will be
+continued. Before God and humanity I declare that on the enemy
+Governments alone falls the heavy responsibility for all the further
+terrible sacrifices from which I wished to save you.
+
+With justified indignation at our enemies' arrogant crime and with
+determination to defend our holiest possessions and secure the
+Fatherland's happy future, you will become as steel. Our enemies did not
+want the understanding offered by me. With God's help our arms will
+enforce it.
+
+    THE KAISER, _January 6, 1917_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"DIGNITY AND IMPUDENCE," NEW VERSION_
+
+_President Wilson to the impudent arch-Hun: "Guess I'll soon find a way
+to get at him!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Neutrals cannot expect that Germany, forced to fight for her existence,
+shall, for the sake of neutral interest, restrict the use of an
+effective weapon if her enemy is permitted to continue to apply at will
+methods of warfare violating the rules of international law. Such a
+demand would be incompatible with the character of neutrality, and the
+German Government is convinced that the Government of the United States
+does not think of making such a demand, knowing that the Government of
+the United States has repeatedly declared that it is determined to
+restore the principle of the freedom of the seas from whatever quarter
+it has been violated.
+
+    _German Note to_ PRESIDENT WILSON,
+    _February 3, 1917_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"UNRESTRICTED" PIRACY_
+
+_William: "Now we will give England the death-stroke."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The total English tonnage is stated to be about 20,000,000 gross
+register tons, and is accounted for as follows: Requisitioned for
+military purposes, 8,500,000 tons; engaged in coastal trade, 500,000
+tons; under repairs, 1,000,000 tons; plying "in the interest of the
+Allies," 2,000,000 tons; remaining for the supply of England, 8,000,000
+tons "at most." It is added that, as a matter of fact, the statistics
+for July to September, 1916, show only about 6,750,000 tons of English
+shipping as plying to England, and it is estimated that, with the
+addition of 900,000 tons of non-English enemy tonnage and 3,000,000 tons
+of neutral tonnage, England is dependent upon a round total of
+10,750,000 gross register tons.
+
+    _The Lokalanzeiger, February 4, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_William: "I say, Capelle, are you sure we have taken the right road?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+This is a conflict not of armies, but of industries and economic
+resources. Mr. Lloyd George once said that the last L100,000,000 might
+win the war. The United States not only has the last L100,000,000, but
+it has many times L100,000,000. The day that this country enters the war
+the economic resources of the Allies will be doubled. We can practically
+care for France while recruiting an army of our own. The German General
+Staff may delude itself into believing that it has challenged the
+immediate war-power of 100,000 men. What it is really challenging is a
+war-power of 200,000,000,000 dollars (L40,000,000,000) and a financial
+and industrial system that can be indefinitely mobilized.
+
+    _The New York World,
+    February 6, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_A GOOD JOKE_
+
+_The Hun Barbarian to the Hollander: "I gave you my word--did you really
+expect me to keep it?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+News of the wholesale destruction of Dutch vessels, after the
+"solicitude" so considerately shown for their safety by the German
+authorities, has provoked a degree of feeling far surpassing any
+hitherto aroused, even by the many "unfortunate occurrences" of a
+similar nature which Holland has previously experienced at German hands.
+
+    _Reuter, Amsterdam, February 25, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"I hope, dear Holland, this explanation is all you want."_
+
+_Holland: "Yes, thank you, it is quite sufficient."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Seven Dutch Steamers which left Falmouth on February 22 were attacked
+about 5 P.M. of the same day by a German submarine, without their papers
+being examined. Three of the ships are known to have been sunk, one has
+been towed into harbor, the other three, says a Lloyd's telegram, "might
+still be afloat."
+
+If the Dutch reports are correct that these seven vessels perished, this
+will be deeply regretted, but responsibility for it falls on the
+ship-owners, who preferred to send out their vessels on February 22 on a
+promise of relative security instead of waiting until March 17, when
+absolute security was promised. The report of the submarines has not yet
+arrived.
+
+We regret the rupture with a nation who, by her history, seemed to be
+predestined to work together with us, not against us, for common ideals.
+But since our honest desire for peace has only encountered hostile
+ridicule on the part of our enemies, there is no more "going back," but
+only "ahead" possible for us.
+
+    _Imperial Chancellor, Berlin, February 27, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_President Wilson: "Say! you are using false cards."_
+
+_William: "Yes, but only as a precaution."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The revelation takes the form of a letter from Herr Zimmermann, the
+German Foreign Secretary, to Eckardt, the German Minister in Mexico,
+which was forwarded through Count Bernstorff and dated January 19. The
+letter announces unrestricted submarine warfare for February first, and
+instructs Eckardt to negotiate an offensive alliance with General
+Carranza, who should approach Japan, apparently with the object
+ultimately of getting her to join in an attack upon the United States.
+
+    _Times Correspondent, Washington,
+    March 1, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE BERLIN-BAGDAD SNAKE_
+
+_"Alas! poor dear snake is dead."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Sir Stanley Maude, telegraphing on March 11, announces that the British
+forces occupied Bagdad early that morning.
+
+The English operations in Mesopotamia have been accompanied by a great
+success. The British flag floats over Bagdad and in all the bazaars of
+the East the news will resound that the _feringhi_ have beaten the
+warriors of the padishah, and captured the city which for long centuries
+was invested with the garment of story and fairy tale.
+
+    _British Press Bureau, March 14, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_HELPING HINDENBURG HOME_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+During the past few days a tract of land between the region of Arras and
+the Aisne was evacuated by us in accordance with plans. The movements,
+prepared long beforehand, were carried out without disturbance by the
+hesitating, pursuing enemy. The rear-guard troops, by their prudent and
+heroic conduct, screened the evacuation of the positions and the
+departure of the forces.
+
+    _German Official Communique, March 19, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Uncle Sam: "So you are going to sink my ships on sight, are you?"_
+
+_Tirpitz: "I ... I ... don't think!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+President Wilson has authorised the Navy Department to spend L23,000,000
+to speed up naval construction and to purchase auxiliary craft. This
+expenditure was recently authorised by Congress.
+
+    _Reuter, March 20, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_POISONED WELLS_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Whole towns and villages have been pillaged, burned, destroyed; private
+houses have been stripped of all their furniture, which the enemy has
+carried off; fruit-trees have been torn up or rendered useless for all
+future production; springs and wells have been poisoned. The
+comparatively few inhabitants who were not evacuated to the rear were
+left with the smallest possible ration of food, while the enemy took
+possession of the stocks provided by the Neutral Relief Committee and
+intended for the civil population.
+
+The fact has been established by our military authorities in the
+recaptured districts (says this instruction) and notably at Peronne,
+where the branch of the banque de France was pillaged and the strong
+rooms were found broken open and empty, that a very large number of
+securities have been stolen by the German troops in their retreat.
+
+    _French Official Protest, March 24, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE OUTCAST_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+I am not now thinking of the loss of property involved, immense and
+serious as that is, but only of the wanton and wholesale destruction of
+the lives of non-combatant men, women, and children, engaged in pursuits
+which have always, even in the darkest periods of modern history, been
+deemed innocent and legitimate. Property can be paid for; the lives of
+peaceful and innocent people cannot be.
+
+The present German warfare against commerce is warfare against mankind.
+It is a war against all nations.
+
+American ships have been sunk and American lives taken in ways which it
+has stirred us very deeply to learn of, but the ships and people of
+other neutral and friendly nations have been sunk and overwhelmed in the
+waters in the same way.
+
+    PRESIDENT WILSON,
+    _Washington, April 2, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"STILL THEY COME"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+According to new reports, our troops during the battle of April 16
+between Soissons and Rheims broke up very important German forces. In
+expectation of our attack the enemy had brought up nineteen divisions.
+
+According to the accounts of prisoners, formal orders had been given to
+hold out at any cost on the first position, which had been deepened. The
+losses suffered by the Germans were heavy not only during the battle,
+but on the preceding days.
+
+The number of unwounded prisoners taken by us between Soissons and
+Rheims now reaches eleven thousand.
+
+    _French Communique, April 11, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Tommy: "You'll soon see the Stars and Stripes."_
+
+_Fritz: "Just seen some."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Our gains reported this morning north of the Vimy Ridge have been
+secured and our positions strengthened.
+
+During the fighting on the 9-10th inst. we captured prisoners from all
+infantry regiments of six German divisions--namely, 79th Reserve
+Division, First Bavarian Reserve Division, 14th Bavarian Division, 11th
+Division, 17th Reserve Division, and 18th Reserve Division.
+
+    _British Official, April 12, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_William to Herr Scheidemann: "The Turks believe I am a Mahomedan, try
+to make the Russian socialists believe I am a Democrat."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+A Berlin telegram published by the "Cologne Gazette" states that Herr
+Scheidemann, leader of the German Socialist Majority Party, has gone
+with other German Socialists to Stockholm, in order to get into touch
+with Russian Socialists.
+
+    _Reuter, April 12, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_GERMANY'S WAR AIMS_
+
+_Bethmann-Hollweg to Anti-Annexationist and Pro-Annexationist: "I cannot
+disclose details, but I perfectly agree with both of you."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+What is Herr von Bethmann-Hollweg still waiting for? If he now makes a
+frank and bold statement in the sense of the Russian peace formula three
+States will stand together, namely, Russia, Germany, and
+Austria-Hungary.
+
+    _Vorwaerts, May 7, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_The Ober-Hof-Socialist: "Yes! we must make a peace without
+annexations."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+At the last sitting of the executive committee of the Council of
+Workmen's and Soldiers' Delegates, M. Borgbjerg, on behalf of the Labor
+parties of Scandinavia--Danish, Swedish, and Norwegian--conveyed an
+official invitation to all Socialist parties in Russia to the proposed
+international conference at Stockholm.
+
+M. Borgbjerg said that, having had interviews with the German Social
+Democrats, he was able to communicate to the executive committee the
+peace terms proposed by the official Social Democratic Party, i. e., the
+majority section.
+
+These, M. Borgbjerg proceeded, recognised the right of nations to
+freedom of development, and advocated the introduction of compulsory
+international arbitration; the restitution by Germany of all conquered
+territories; a plebiscite in Russian Poland, with freedom to choose
+between independence, annexation by Russia, or annexation by Germany;
+the restoration of independence to Belgium, Serbia, and Rumania, and the
+restoration to Bulgaria of the Bulgarian districts of Macedonia, and the
+granting to Serbia of a free port on the Adriatic. As to
+Alsace-Lorraine, they are of opinion that a rectification of the
+Lorraine frontier could be secured by means of an amicable
+understanding. The program of the minority section was wider in scope.
+
+    _Reuter, May 8, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"No war or at the worst only a sham war was all that America could do,
+was it?"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Flotillas of American destroyers have been sent to the submarine zone,
+where they are now effectively cooperating with the Allied Navies.
+
+One Army division, a force of Marines, and nine regiments of Engineers
+have been ordered to France.
+
+Ten thousand doctors, in addition to many nurses, have been ordered to
+England and France, and hundreds have already gone.
+
+Together with the Americans who are already serving in the British and
+French Armies these additional units will shortly give a total of
+100,000 Americans in France, equalling five German divisions.
+
+    _British Press Bureau, May 27, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_AIR RAID ON LONDON_
+
+_German Airman: "One for the babies!"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Latest police reports show that the casualties so far reported in
+to-day's air raid are:
+
+          _Killed_                _Injured_
+    Men               55     Men              223
+    Women             16     Women            122
+    Children          26     Children          94
+                     ---                     ----
+    Total             97     Total            439
+
+No damage of a military or naval nature was done.
+
+    _British Communique, June 13, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Ferdinand: "I am much too popular to be treated like Tino or
+Nicholas."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The High Commissioners of France, Great Britain, and Russia, having
+demanded by their note of yesterday the abdication of King Constantine
+and the appointment of his successor, the undersigned prime minister and
+minister of foreign affairs has the honor to bring to your Excellency's
+knowledge that the king, solicitous as always solely for the interest of
+Greece, has decided to leave the country with the crown prince, and to
+designate as his successor Prince Alexander.
+
+    M. ZAIMIS, _June 13, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_REPRISALS_
+
+_The Only Answer_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The important announcement that the City will be warned in future when
+an air raid is threatened was made on Sunday by the Lord Mayor, at a
+meeting at the London Opera House, called to demand reprisals for air
+raids. A resolution calling on the Government to undertake air reprisals
+on German towns and cities was passed, amidst great cheering.
+
+    _London, June 19, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_A DISGUISE THAT WAS TOO THIN_
+
+_Bethmann-Hollweg: "That Socialist's disguise is no good, All Highest.
+Let's try another clerical peace trick."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+All over the world attempts were made to create distrust of German
+Social Democracy. We were described as being really war agitators,
+obedient servants of German Imperialism. The memorandum on our peace
+work which we delivered at Stockholm will, we hope, destroy many
+misunderstandings and many prejudices which are based on them.
+
+Of course the misstatements and slanders have already begun again.
+
+    HERR SCHEIDEMANN,
+    _Stockholm, June 29, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_Dr. Michaelis: "The concentration of the Russian Army compelled Germany
+to seize the sword. There was no choice left to us."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+We must keep before our eyes daily the events of three years ago, which
+are fixed in history and show that we were forced into war by Russia's
+secret mobilization, which was the great danger for Germany. To have
+participated in a conference while the Russian mobilization proceeded
+would have been political suicide.
+
+    HERR MICHAELIS,
+    _Berlin, July 27, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE NEW ST. GEORGE_
+
+_"Give us the means and we will slay this German dragon that threatens
+our towns, our women, and children."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Southend was bombed by about a dozen German aeroplanes this evening
+while the place was full of holiday-makers. The attack lasted a quarter
+of an hour and resulted in the death of twenty-three people, the
+majority of whom were women and children. About forty people were
+injured. One of the victims was a little girl, who was terribly mangled,
+and another was a woman, who was also badly mutilated.
+
+    _Times, August 17, 1917._
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_GERMAN "MILITARIST" SOCIALISM_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Does not the cartoonist Raemaekers fail in this cartoon? The artist
+Raemaekers is inspired--here as always. But does the cartoonist succeed
+this time in burning the right idea, his idea, into the reader's brain?
+
+Here is the real Kaiser and here are real German workingmen. It is they
+who are carrying the burden of Kaiserism. All this is convincing. But do
+not other workingmen in other countries carry burdens?
+
+The failure is only at first glance. Raemaekers is not concerned to
+reproduce the conventional cartoon of workingmen carrying a burden of
+other classes on their shoulders. The point lies not in the burden, but
+in the nature of the burden, the contrast, so perfectly portrayed,
+between the character of the Kaiser and the characters of his proud and
+willing slaves. The Kaiser, crafty and contemptuous, but neither so
+ignorant nor so stupid as to be wholly unconscious of the foolish and
+contemptible position he occupies! The workingmen evidently once strong,
+intelligent and enthusiastic, though now blinded and crippled, are
+utterly unconscious of what they are doing. Carrying the heavy burden of
+Kaiserism seems no more to them than their day's work.
+
+You see Raemaekers knows both Kaiser and workingmen, and so will have
+nothing to do with the conventional portraits of either. The Kaiser is
+neither a beast nor a fool--however foolish his position may be. The
+workingmen are neither labor heroes ready to revolt, nor conscious and
+beaten serfs.
+
+    WILLIAM ENGLISH WALLING.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_THE ANNEXATION OF AMERICA_
+
+_"I think, All Highest, we had better not insist upon the annexation of
+America."_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+In the inscription "Ten Million Men between 21 and 30" on the Statue of
+Liberty, Raemaekers has as usual gone to the heart of things. Ten
+million trained citizen soldiers!!! What an insurance of peace and
+security against attack or insult. Universal Citizen Military Education
+and Training.
+
+From the beginning the first article in our International Creed has been
+the Monroe Doctrine--America for Americans. If the result of the present
+war shall be to add two additional items to that creed, namely Universal
+Military Education and Training, and the United States, the First Air
+Power in the world, it will be worth all that it costs, and this great
+nation can go on in peace and security to work out the mighty destiny
+awaiting it.
+
+Raemaekers' placing "All Highest" and his aide upon the conning tower of
+a submarine, suggests another most vital matter at this present time.
+
+The submarine has held the world's spotlight for the last two years. Its
+deadly efficiency is universally conceded. That deadly efficiency is the
+direct result of Admiral von Tirpitz's unyielding insistence on a
+centralized, independent, untrammeled Department for the submarine.
+
+    PEARY.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_A REHEARSAL_
+
+_"When I say, Down with Wilson! you all cheer!"_
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_AT THE HOLLAND FRONTIER_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Whether the war be long or short, the quickest road to peace is the road
+straight ahead of us, with no division among the American people.
+
+    WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_RESTITUTION AND REPARATION_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+The Prussian theory of right and justice is this: "What is mine is mine.
+What is yours is also mine if I want it."
+
+This idea is deep buried beneath the thick bone of the Prussian head. He
+holds it with stolid stupidity and deep, prehistoric crudity, like a pig
+or an idiot. He cannot understand that there are any rights higher than
+Prussian greed. "If I want it, it is mine because I want it." It is the
+logic of the primitive human animal, the caveman.
+
+Cornered and accused of his thefts he clings to his loot like the pig
+that has stolen a carrot. When asked to disgorge he is shocked by the
+suggestion. "But they are mine! I wanted them, so they are mine!" he
+says. Right and Justice answer, "They are not yours; you stole them."
+"Maybe so!" says the Prussian. "But just the same they are mine--I stole
+them a long time ago."
+
+The logic of the Prussian fills ten thousand volumes. It is written in
+hundred-line paragraphs and six-inch words. It can be condensed into two
+short words--piggish greed; piggish because it knows neither right nor
+justice, greed because it is greed.
+
+    ELLIS PARKER BUTLER.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"SOMETHING'S WRONG. SHE DOESN'T SEEM TO INSPIRE CONFIDENCE"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+It is Germany's "Kultur," her spiritual code, that is responsible for
+America's entrance into the war; her gruesome sacrifice to Moloch of all
+which distinguishes humanity from the brute and the savage. It is her
+philosophy which has made us her horrified but resolute foe.
+
+The fruits of her spirit stand forth alike in her speech and acts.
+"Kultur is a spiritual organization of the world, which does not exclude
+bloody savagery. It raises the daemoniac to sublimity. It is above
+morality, reason, science," so wrote a Teutonic expounder in the first
+year of the war. "We have become a nation of wrath; we think only of the
+war. We execute God Almighty's will, and the edicts of His justice we
+will fulfil, imbued with holy rage, in vengeance upon the ungodly. God
+calls us to murderous battles, even if worlds should thereby fall to
+ruins," so wrote one of Germany's poets. "Whoever cannot prevail upon
+himself to approve from the bottom of his heart the sinking of the
+_Lusitania_, whoever cannot conquer his sense of the gigantic cruelty to
+unnumbered perfectly innocent victims--and give himself up to honest
+delight at this victorious exploit of German defensive power--him we
+judge to be no true German," so wrote one of her pastors. And for
+hideous, ruthless deeds which violate every sanctity and deify falsehood
+we need but cite her slaughter of children and the aged, her poisoning
+of wells, her shooting of nurses, her sinking of hospital ships, her
+brutal deportations and all the revolting sinuosities of her spy system.
+
+    ROBERT GRANT.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_"WHEN I WAS A CHILD, IT WAS YOU WHO SAVED ME"_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+Whether it is that an invigorating climate has given our Anglo-Saxon
+blood a piquant Gallic flavor or because Europe sent us for ancestors
+only those light-hearted and adventurous souls with a spirit akin to
+that we admire in the French people, true it is that Americans have
+always had an especial liking for France and the French. They were our
+first allies as they are the latest. From Lafayette and Rochambeau to
+Joffre and Viviani, a host of Frenchmen have won the affectionate regard
+of Americans and are numbered with our national heroes.
+
+With their French allies Americans can work in most cordial
+understanding and sympathy. That subtle spirit of unselfish dedication
+to country which has won for the French the admiration of the world
+consecrates the alliance of the peoples who are giving their sons in
+common sacrifice to save liberty to the world. Out of the heat and
+turmoil of war bonds are being forged between the Allied nations which
+time and circumstance can never sever. On that alliance the hope of
+civilization depends; from it may come, in God's good time, some great
+forward step in the march of progress which began at a manger in
+Bethlehem.
+
+    MYRON T. HERRICK,
+    _Cleveland, Ohio, March, 1918_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+
+_FOR MERIT_
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+If, as the artist suggests, and the plainest reading of the facts of the
+fruitless Verdun assault seems to confirm, lives of men were squandered
+in a reckless attempt to save the princeling's face (which was, in fact,
+beyond saving), then does he richly deserve the grim decoration with
+which in the name of infamy he is here invested--the Order of Butchery,
+with knives. And you may view the crosses upon the pathetic mounds
+before Verdun as so many entries in the Recording Angel's ledger.
+
+    JOSEPH THORP.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RAEMAEKERS' CARTOON HISTORY OF THE
+WAR, VOLUME 3***
+
+
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