diff options
| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-07 18:41:15 -0800 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-07 18:41:15 -0800 |
| commit | 9f6a5745580ec872a9b30469a1e67cb8954b2b7d (patch) | |
| tree | bdc6ebe1aa0b20db151e2581351538828f3f2c29 /43195-h | |
| parent | 04787b69033fd8d1abd52557fa7e99e5d7710e1f (diff) | |
Diffstat (limited to '43195-h')
| -rw-r--r-- | 43195-h/43195-h.htm | 3745 |
1 files changed, 1665 insertions, 2080 deletions
diff --git a/43195-h/43195-h.htm b/43195-h/43195-h.htm index a7310fe..b0804d9 100644 --- a/43195-h/43195-h.htm +++ b/43195-h/43195-h.htm @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title> Chaucerian Pieces </title> @@ -63,44 +63,7 @@ </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Chaucerian and Other Pieces, edited by Walter Skeat - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Chaucerian and Other Pieces - Being a Supplement to the Complete Works of Geoffrey Chaucer - -Editor: Walter Skeat - -Release Date: July 11, 2013 [EBook #43195] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHAUCERIAN AND OTHER PIECES *** - - - - -Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 43195 ***</div> <table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> <tr> @@ -170,68 +133,68 @@ PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY</p> <tr><td class="pt1" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="ar pt1"> <span class="sm">PAGE</span></td></tr> -<tr><td class="ind2 pt1" colspan="2"> <span class="sc">Introduction.</span>—<a href="#sect1">§ 1</a>. Works appended to those of Chaucer in various -editions. <a href="#sect2">§ 2</a>. Thynne's collection in 1532. <i>A Praise of Women.</i> -<i>The Lamentation of Mary Magdalen.</i> <i>The Remedy of Love.</i> <a href="#sect3">§ 3</a>. +<tr><td class="ind2 pt1" colspan="2"> <span class="sc">Introduction.</span>—<a href="#sect1">§ 1</a>. Works appended to those of Chaucer in various +editions. <a href="#sect2">§ 2</a>. Thynne's collection in 1532. <i>A Praise of Women.</i> +<i>The Lamentation of Mary Magdalen.</i> <i>The Remedy of Love.</i> <a href="#sect3">§ 3</a>. Other non-Chaucerian pieces. <i>The Craft of Lovers.</i> <i>A Balade.</i> <i>The Ten Commandments of Love.</i> <i>The Nine Ladies Worthy.</i> <i>Virelai.</i> <i>The Judgement of Paris.</i> <i>A Balade pleasaunte.</i> <i>Another -Balade.</i> <i>The Court of Love.</i> <a href="#sect4">§ 4</a>. Additions by Speght. <i>Chaucer's -Dream.</i> <i>Eight Goodly Questions.</i> <a href="#sect5">§ 5</a>. Editions and MSS. consulted. -<a href="#sect6">§ 6</a>. Authorities for the pieces here printed. <a href="#sect7">§ 7</a>. I. -<span class="sc">The Testament of Love.</span> <a href="#sect8">§ 8</a>. The acrostic found in it. Name -of the author. <a href="#sect9">§ 9</a>. Fate of Thomas Usk. <a href="#sect10">§ 10</a>. Idea of the work. -<a href="#sect11">§ 11</a>. The author's plagiarisms from Chaucer. <a href="#sect12">§ 12</a>. How he stole -a passage from The House of Fame. <a href="#sect13">§ 13</a>. Borrowings from -Troilus and Piers Plowman. <a href="#sect14">§ 14</a>. The author's inaccuracies. -<a href="#sect15">§ 15</a>. The title; and the meaning of Margaret. <a href="#sect16">§ 16</a>. Plan of -the work. <a href="#sect17">§ 17</a>. Outline of Book I. <a href="#sect18">§ 18</a>. Outline of Book II. -<a href="#sect19">§ 19</a>. Outline of Book III. <a href="#sect20">§ 20</a>. II. <span class="sc">The Plowmans Tale.</span> <a href="#sect21">§ 21</a>. -Never supposed to be Chaucer's. <a href="#sect22">§ 22</a>. Written by the author of -The Ploughmans Crede. <a href="#sect23">§ 23</a>. III. <span class="sc">Jack Upland.</span> <a href="#sect24">§ 24</a>. Date, -<span class="sm">A.D.</span> 1402. <a href="#sect25">§ 25</a>. Traces of two texts. <a href="#sect26">§ 26</a>. Not originally -written in alliterative verse. <a href="#sect27">§ 27</a>. IV. <span class="sc">The Praise of Peace.</span> -By John Gower. <a href="#sect28">§ 28</a>. The Trentham MS. <a href="#sect29">§ 29</a>. Date, <span class="sm">A.D.</span> 1399. -<a href="#sect30">§ 30</a>. V. <span class="sc">The Letter of Cupid.</span> By Thomas Hoccleve. <a href="#sect31">§ 31</a>. -VI. <span class="sc">Two Balades.</span> By Thomas Hoccleve. <a href="#sect32">§ 32</a>. VII. -<span class="sc">A Moral Balade.</span> By Henry Scogan. Date, about 1407. <a href="#sect33">§ 33</a>. The -supper at the Vintry. <a href="#sect34">§ 34</a>. VIII. <span class="sc">The Complaint of the Black Knight.</span> By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect35">§ 35</a>. His quotations from +Balade.</i> <i>The Court of Love.</i> <a href="#sect4">§ 4</a>. Additions by Speght. <i>Chaucer's +Dream.</i> <i>Eight Goodly Questions.</i> <a href="#sect5">§ 5</a>. Editions and MSS. consulted. +<a href="#sect6">§ 6</a>. Authorities for the pieces here printed. <a href="#sect7">§ 7</a>. I. +<span class="sc">The Testament of Love.</span> <a href="#sect8">§ 8</a>. The acrostic found in it. Name +of the author. <a href="#sect9">§ 9</a>. Fate of Thomas Usk. <a href="#sect10">§ 10</a>. Idea of the work. +<a href="#sect11">§ 11</a>. The author's plagiarisms from Chaucer. <a href="#sect12">§ 12</a>. How he stole +a passage from The House of Fame. <a href="#sect13">§ 13</a>. Borrowings from +Troilus and Piers Plowman. <a href="#sect14">§ 14</a>. The author's inaccuracies. +<a href="#sect15">§ 15</a>. The title; and the meaning of Margaret. <a href="#sect16">§ 16</a>. Plan of +the work. <a href="#sect17">§ 17</a>. Outline of Book I. <a href="#sect18">§ 18</a>. Outline of Book II. +<a href="#sect19">§ 19</a>. Outline of Book III. <a href="#sect20">§ 20</a>. II. <span class="sc">The Plowmans Tale.</span> <a href="#sect21">§ 21</a>. +Never supposed to be Chaucer's. <a href="#sect22">§ 22</a>. Written by the author of +The Ploughmans Crede. <a href="#sect23">§ 23</a>. III. <span class="sc">Jack Upland.</span> <a href="#sect24">§ 24</a>. Date, +<span class="sm">A.D.</span> 1402. <a href="#sect25">§ 25</a>. Traces of two texts. <a href="#sect26">§ 26</a>. Not originally +written in alliterative verse. <a href="#sect27">§ 27</a>. IV. <span class="sc">The Praise of Peace.</span> +By John Gower. <a href="#sect28">§ 28</a>. The Trentham MS. <a href="#sect29">§ 29</a>. Date, <span class="sm">A.D.</span> 1399. +<a href="#sect30">§ 30</a>. V. <span class="sc">The Letter of Cupid.</span> By Thomas Hoccleve. <a href="#sect31">§ 31</a>. +VI. <span class="sc">Two Balades.</span> By Thomas Hoccleve. <a href="#sect32">§ 32</a>. VII. +<span class="sc">A Moral Balade.</span> By Henry Scogan. Date, about 1407. <a href="#sect33">§ 33</a>. The +supper at the Vintry. <a href="#sect34">§ 34</a>. VIII. <span class="sc">The Complaint of the Black Knight.</span> By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect35">§ 35</a>. His quotations from Chaucer's version of the Romaunt of the Rose. Date, about -1402. <a href="#sect36">§ 36</a>. IX. <span class="sc">The Flour of Curtesye.</span> By John Lydgate. -Date, about 1401. <a href="#sect37">§ 37</a>. X. <span class="sc">A Balade in Commendation of our Lady.</span> -By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect38">§ 38</a>. A new stanza and a new <span class="sm">MS.</span> <a href="#sect39">§ 39</a>. XI. <span class="sc">To my Soverain Lady.</span> By John Lydgate. -<a href="#sect40">§ 40</a>. XII. <span class="sc">Ballad of Good Counsel.</span> By John Lydgate. -<a href="#sect41">§ 41</a>. XIII. <span class="sc">Beware of Doubleness.</span> By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect42">§ 42</a>. -XIV. <span class="sc">A Balade: Warning Men</span>, &c. By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect43">§ 43</a>. -XV. <span class="sc">Three Sayings.</span> By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect44">§ 44</a>. XVI. <span class="sc">La Belle Dame sans Mercy.</span> By Sir Richard Ros. Date, about 1460. +1402. <a href="#sect36">§ 36</a>. IX. <span class="sc">The Flour of Curtesye.</span> By John Lydgate. +Date, about 1401. <a href="#sect37">§ 37</a>. X. <span class="sc">A Balade in Commendation of our Lady.</span> +By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect38">§ 38</a>. A new stanza and a new <span class="sm">MS.</span> <a href="#sect39">§ 39</a>. XI. <span class="sc">To my Soverain Lady.</span> By John Lydgate. +<a href="#sect40">§ 40</a>. XII. <span class="sc">Ballad of Good Counsel.</span> By John Lydgate. +<a href="#sect41">§ 41</a>. XIII. <span class="sc">Beware of Doubleness.</span> By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect42">§ 42</a>. +XIV. <span class="sc">A Balade: Warning Men</span>, &c. By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect43">§ 43</a>. +XV. <span class="sc">Three Sayings.</span> By John Lydgate. <a href="#sect44">§ 44</a>. XVI. <span class="sc">La Belle Dame sans Mercy.</span> By Sir Richard Ros. Date, about 1460. <!-- Page vi --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagevi"></a>[vi]</span> -<a href="#sect45">§ 45</a>. Apparently in the Leicestershire dialect. <a href="#sect46">§ 46</a>. Alan Chartier. -<a href="#sect47">§ 47</a>. Thynne's text and the MSS. <a href="#sect48">§ 48</a>. XVII. <span class="sc">The Testament of Cresseid.</span> By Robert Henryson. Date, about 1460. -<a href="#sect49">§ 49</a>. XVIII. <span class="sc">The Cuckoo and the Nightingale.</span> Probably -by Sir Thomas Clanvowe. <a href="#sect50">§ 50</a>. The queen at Woodstock; -about <span class="sm">A.D.</span> 1403. <a href="#sect51">§ 51</a>. Clanvowe's excessive use of the final <i>-e</i>. -<a href="#sect52">§ 52</a>. His partiality for 'headless' lines. <a href="#sect53">§ 53</a>. Milton's Sonnet -to the Nightingale. <a href="#sect54">§ 54</a>. XIX. <span class="sc">Envoy to Alison.</span> Not by -Clanvowe. <a href="#sect55">§ 55</a>. XX. <span class="sc">The Flower and the Leaf.</span> By the -authoress of The Assembly of Ladies. <a href="#sect56">§ 56</a>. The former is the -earlier poem. Neither of them is by Chaucer. <a href="#sect57">§ 57</a>. Variations -from Chaucer's usages. <a href="#sect58">§ 58</a>. Examination of the Rimes. <a href="#sect59">§ 59</a>. -Change in pronunciation. <a href="#sect60">§ 60</a>. Gower on the Flower and the -Leaf. <a href="#sect61">§ 61</a>. XXI. <span class="sc">The Assembly of Ladies.</span> By the authoress -of The Flower and the Leaf. <a href="#sect62">§ 62</a>. Ordering of a medieval household. -<a href="#sect63">§ 63</a>. XXII. <span class="sc">A Goodly Balade.</span> By John Lydgate. -Imperfect. <a href="#sect64">§ 64</a>. XXIII. <span class="sc">Go forth, King.</span> By John Lydgate. -<a href="#sect65">§ 65</a>. <i>Duodecim Abusiones.</i> <a href="#sect66">§ 66</a>. XXIV. <span class="sc">The Court of Love.</span> -First printed in 1561. <a href="#sect67">§ 67</a>. Tyrwhitt's plan for a Glossary to the -Canterbury Tales. <a href="#sect68">§ 68</a>. Moxon's edition of Chaucer; establishing -an erroneous canon of Chaucer's Works. <a href="#sect69">§ 69</a>. How to draw -up such a canon correctly. <a href="#sect70">§ 70</a>. The Court of Love discussed. -<a href="#sect71">§ 71</a>. The Trinity MS. and the language. <a href="#sect72">§ 72</a>. Artificiality of -the archaisms affected. <a href="#sect73">§ 73</a>. Examination of the Rimes. <a href="#sect74">§ 74</a>. -Comparison with Chaucerian English. <a href="#sect75">§ 75</a>. The Courts of Love. -<a href="#sect76">§ 76</a>. Pieces numbered XXV-XXIX. <a href="#sect77">§ 77</a>. Twelve authors (at -least) distinguished in the present volume. <a href="#sect78">§ 78</a>. There are probably -four more. <a href="#sect79">§ 79</a>. Improvements in the present edition</td> +<a href="#sect45">§ 45</a>. Apparently in the Leicestershire dialect. <a href="#sect46">§ 46</a>. Alan Chartier. +<a href="#sect47">§ 47</a>. Thynne's text and the MSS. <a href="#sect48">§ 48</a>. XVII. <span class="sc">The Testament of Cresseid.</span> By Robert Henryson. Date, about 1460. +<a href="#sect49">§ 49</a>. XVIII. <span class="sc">The Cuckoo and the Nightingale.</span> Probably +by Sir Thomas Clanvowe. <a href="#sect50">§ 50</a>. The queen at Woodstock; +about <span class="sm">A.D.</span> 1403. <a href="#sect51">§ 51</a>. Clanvowe's excessive use of the final <i>-e</i>. +<a href="#sect52">§ 52</a>. His partiality for 'headless' lines. <a href="#sect53">§ 53</a>. Milton's Sonnet +to the Nightingale. <a href="#sect54">§ 54</a>. XIX. <span class="sc">Envoy to Alison.</span> Not by +Clanvowe. <a href="#sect55">§ 55</a>. XX. <span class="sc">The Flower and the Leaf.</span> By the +authoress of The Assembly of Ladies. <a href="#sect56">§ 56</a>. The former is the +earlier poem. Neither of them is by Chaucer. <a href="#sect57">§ 57</a>. Variations +from Chaucer's usages. <a href="#sect58">§ 58</a>. Examination of the Rimes. <a href="#sect59">§ 59</a>. +Change in pronunciation. <a href="#sect60">§ 60</a>. Gower on the Flower and the +Leaf. <a href="#sect61">§ 61</a>. XXI. <span class="sc">The Assembly of Ladies.</span> By the authoress +of The Flower and the Leaf. <a href="#sect62">§ 62</a>. Ordering of a medieval household. +<a href="#sect63">§ 63</a>. XXII. <span class="sc">A Goodly Balade.</span> By John Lydgate. +Imperfect. <a href="#sect64">§ 64</a>. XXIII. <span class="sc">Go forth, King.</span> By John Lydgate. +<a href="#sect65">§ 65</a>. <i>Duodecim Abusiones.</i> <a href="#sect66">§ 66</a>. XXIV. <span class="sc">The Court of Love.</span> +First printed in 1561. <a href="#sect67">§ 67</a>. Tyrwhitt's plan for a Glossary to the +Canterbury Tales. <a href="#sect68">§ 68</a>. Moxon's edition of Chaucer; establishing +an erroneous canon of Chaucer's Works. <a href="#sect69">§ 69</a>. How to draw +up such a canon correctly. <a href="#sect70">§ 70</a>. The Court of Love discussed. +<a href="#sect71">§ 71</a>. The Trinity MS. and the language. <a href="#sect72">§ 72</a>. Artificiality of +the archaisms affected. <a href="#sect73">§ 73</a>. Examination of the Rimes. <a href="#sect74">§ 74</a>. +Comparison with Chaucerian English. <a href="#sect75">§ 75</a>. The Courts of Love. +<a href="#sect76">§ 76</a>. Pieces numbered XXV-XXIX. <a href="#sect77">§ 77</a>. Twelve authors (at +least) distinguished in the present volume. <a href="#sect78">§ 78</a>. There are probably +four more. <a href="#sect79">§ 79</a>. Improvements in the present edition</td> <td class="ar vbm pt1"> <a href="#pageix">ix</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="ar pt1"> I. </td> @@ -389,7 +352,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>P. 26, l. 45. <i>For</i> conuersion <i>read</i> conversion.</p> <p>P. 32, l. 38. Mr. Bradley suggests that <i>maistresse</i> is a - misprint of Thynne's for <i>maistres secrè</i>, i.e. master's secret; + misprint of Thynne's for <i>maistres secrè</i>, i.e. master's secret; alluding to John of Northampton.</p> <p>P. 33, l. 75. <i>For</i> may it be sayd in that thinge 'this man thou @@ -405,7 +368,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>P. 153, l. 187. <i>Insert a hyphen in</i> gold-mastling.</p> - <p>P. 163, l. 520. <i>For</i> punishments <i>read</i> punishëments. + <p>P. 163, l. 520. <i>For</i> punishments <i>read</i> punishëments. (<i>See</i> note.)</p> <p>P. 180, l. 1050. <i>For</i> [ful] <i>read</i> [not]. (<i>See</i> @@ -416,7 +379,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>P. 192, l. 36. <i>Insert a mark of interrogation after</i> speketh of.</p> - <p>P. 206, l. 27. <i>For</i> request [the] <i>read</i> requestë. + <p>P. 206, l. 27. <i>For</i> request [the] <i>read</i> requestë. (<i>See</i> note.)</p> <p>P. 213, l. 294. <i>For</i> men <i>perhaps read</i> pees. (<i>See</i> @@ -447,7 +410,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p class="ac lg150">INTRODUCTION</p> - <p><a name="sect1">§ 1</a>. The following pieces are selected, as being + <p><a name="sect1">§ 1</a>. The following pieces are selected, as being the most important, from among the very numerous ones which have been appended to Chaucer's works in various editions.</p> @@ -485,7 +448,7 @@ XIII. </td> to <i>dan Ihon lidgat</i>) to the poem beginning 'Consider wel'; see no. 40 (vol. i. p. 33).</p> - <p><a name="sect2">§ 2</a>. It is clear that Thynne's intention was to + <p><a name="sect2">§ 2</a>. It is clear that Thynne's intention was to print a collection of poems, including all he could find of Chaucer and anything else of a similar character that he could lay his hands on<a name="NtA_1" href="#Nt_1"><sup>[1]</sup></a>. In other words, the @@ -542,7 +505,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>No. 41 (vol. i. p. 33) was also first printed by Stowe. To save words, I have printed it below, at p. 450, from the original MS.</p> - <p><a name="sect3">§ 3</a>. I now consider the non-Chaucerian pieces in + <p><a name="sect3">§ 3</a>. I now consider the non-Chaucerian pieces in Part II. of Stowe's Edition (see vol. i. p. 33). Of these, nos. 45, 50, 56, and 59 are here reprinted.</p> @@ -653,7 +616,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>No. 60 is a genuine poem; and no. 61 is Lydgate's Story of Thebes. And here Stowe's performance ceases.</p> - <p><a name="sect4">§ 4</a>. The subsequent additions made by Speght are + <p><a name="sect4">§ 4</a>. The subsequent additions made by Speght are discussed in vol. i. pp. 43-46. Of these, The Flower and the Leaf, Jack Upland, and Hoccleve's poem to Henry V, are here reprinted; and Chaucer's ABC is genuine. He also reprinted the Sayings at p. 450. The pieces not @@ -705,7 +668,7 @@ XIII. </td> the title Eorundem Septem Sapientum Sententiae. This English version is quite in Lydgate's style.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect5">§ 5</a>. <span class="sc">Editions and MSS. consulted</span>.</p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect5">§ 5</a>. <span class="sc">Editions and MSS. consulted</span>.</p> <p>I have repeatedly explained that there were but four black-letter editions of Collected Works before Speght's; and these I call Thynne's @@ -796,7 +759,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>Ashburnham 133.—V. (See the same, p. xxvii.)</p> - <p><a name="sect6">§ 6</a>. Conversely, I here give the authorities from + <p><a name="sect6">§ 6</a>. Conversely, I here give the authorities from which each piece is derived. For further comments on some of them, see the separate introductions to each piece below.</p> @@ -882,7 +845,7 @@ XIII. </td> <hr class="short" /> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect7" href="#piece1">§ 7. I. <span class="sc">The Testament of Love; by Thomas Usk.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect7" href="#piece1">§ 7. I. <span class="sc">The Testament of Love; by Thomas Usk.</span></a></p> <p>Of this piece no MS. copy has been discovered. The only authority is Thynne's edition of 1532, whence all later editions have been copied more @@ -949,7 +912,7 @@ XIII. </td> are not always inserted in the right places. And I have broken up the chapters into convenient paragraphs.</p> - <p><a name="sect8">§ 8</a>. A very curious point about this piece is the + <p><a name="sect8">§ 8</a>. A very curious point about this piece is the fact which I was the first to observe, viz. that the initial letters of the various chapters were certainly intended to form an acrostic. Unfortunately, Thynne did not perceive this design, and has certainly @@ -1043,7 +1006,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>(7) Lastly, the text reverts to the true order, at p. <a href="#page143">143</a>, l. 46, with the words:—greatest wisdom - (Th. fol. 360, back, col. 2, l. 9. as before). See The Athenæum, no. + (Th. fol. 360, back, col. 2, l. 9. as before). See The Athenæum, no. 3615, Feb. 6, 1897.</p> <p>It is not difficult to account for this somewhat confusing @@ -1090,7 +1053,7 @@ XIII. </td> is writing to justify himself, and thinks that he has succeeded. But a stern doom was close at hand.</p> - <p><a name="sect9">§ 9</a>. The truth is that the attempts of Godwin and + <p><a name="sect9">§ 9</a>. The truth is that the attempts of Godwin and others to make the autobiographical statements of the author fit into the life of Chaucer, have quite led the critics out of the right track. That the author was <i>not</i> Chaucer is perfectly obvious to every one who @@ -1160,7 +1123,7 @@ XIII. </td> the world know how he devoted his leisure time to other than political subjects.</p> - <p><a name="sect10">§ 10</a>. Some of the events of his life are alluded + <p><a name="sect10">§ 10</a>. Some of the events of his life are alluded to by Usk in the present treatise. He justifies his betrayal of Northampton (p. <a href="#page26">26</a>, ll. 53-103, p. <a href="#page28">28</a>, ll. 116-201), and is grateful for the king's @@ -1204,7 +1167,7 @@ XIII. </td> a large number of parallel passages are duly pointed out in the Notes.</p> - <p><a name="sect11">§ 11</a>. In Chaucer's Boethius (bk. i. pr. 3. 10), + <p><a name="sect11">§ 11</a>. In Chaucer's Boethius (bk. i. pr. 3. 10), when Philosophy, the heavenly visitant, comes to comfort the writer, her first words are:—'<i>O my norry</i>, sholde I forsaken thee now?' In the Testament (p. <a href="#page10">10</a>, l. 37), Heavenly Love @@ -1251,7 +1214,7 @@ XIII. </td> Indeed, it is possible to correct errors in the text by help of Chaucer's version; see the last note on p. <a href="#page461">461</a>.</p> - <p><a name="sect12">§ 12</a>. We get the clearest idea of the author's + <p><a name="sect12">§ 12</a>. We get the clearest idea of the author's method by observing his treatment of the House of Fame, 269-359. It is worth while to quote the whole passage:—</p> @@ -1274,7 +1237,7 @@ XIII. </td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">285</div></div><p><i>Or fals</i>, or prevy, or double was ...</p> <p>Therfor I wol seye a proverbe,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>That "he that fully knoweth th'erbe</p> - <p>May saufly leye hit to his yë" ...</p> + <p>May saufly leye hit to his yë" ...</p> <p>Allas! is every man thus trewe,</p> <p>That every yere wolde have a newe, ...</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>As thus: of <i>oon</i> he wolde <i>have fame</i>,</p> @@ -1312,7 +1275,7 @@ XIII. </td> href="#page22">22</a>, ll. 44-45! Surely, this is nothing but book-making, and the art of it does not seem to be difficult.</p> - <p><a name="sect13">§ 13</a>. The author expressly acknowledges his + <p><a name="sect13">§ 13</a>. The author expressly acknowledges his admiration of Troilus (p. <a href="#page140">140</a>, l. 292); and it is easy to see his indebtedness to that poem. He copies Chaucer's curious mistake as to Styx being a pit (p. <a href="#page3">3</a>, l. 80, and the @@ -1324,7 +1287,7 @@ XIII. </td> at p. <a href="#page128">128</a>, ch. vii. l. 2. We can see whence he took his allusion to 'playing raket,' and to the dock and nettle, at p. <a href="#page13">13</a>, ll. 166, 167; and the phrase to 'pype with an - yvè-lefe' at p. <a href="#page134">134</a>, l. 50.</p> + yvè-lefe' at p. <a href="#page134">134</a>, l. 50.</p> <p>It is further observable that he had read a later text of Piers Plowman with some care, but he seems to quote it from memory, as at p. <a @@ -1336,11 +1299,11 @@ XIII. </td> words <i>legistres</i> and <i>skleren</i>; for which see the Glossary, and consult the Notes for the references which are there given.</p> - <p><a name="sect14">§ 14</a>. The author is frequently guilty of gross + <p><a name="sect14">§ 14</a>. The author is frequently guilty of gross inaccuracies. He seems to confuse Cain with Ham (p. <a href="#page52">52</a>, ll. 107, 109), but <i>Cayn</i>, says Mr. Bradley, may be Thynne's misprint for <i>Cam</i>, i.e. Ham. He certainly confuses - Perdiccas with Arrhidæus (p. <a href="#page52">52</a>, l. 116). He speaks + Perdiccas with Arrhidæus (p. <a href="#page52">52</a>, l. 116). He speaks of the <i>eighth</i> year, instead of the <i>seventh</i>, as being a sabbatical year, and actually declares that the ordinary week contains <i>seven</i> working-days (p. <a href="#page24">24</a>, ll. 102-104)! He @@ -1349,7 +1312,7 @@ XIII. </td> wondered at that some of his arguments and illustrations are quite unintelligible.</p> - <p><a name="sect15">§ 15</a>. The title of the work, viz. <span + <p><a name="sect15">§ 15</a>. The title of the work, viz. <span class="sc">The Testament of Love</span>, readily reminds us of the passage in Gower already quoted in vol. iii. p. xliii., in which the goddess Venus proposes that Chaucer should write 'his testament of love,' @@ -1388,7 +1351,7 @@ XIII. </td> told that the jewel which he hopes to attain is as precious a pearl as a woman is by nature.</p> - <p><a name="sect16">§ 16</a>. It hardly seems worth while to give a + <p><a name="sect16">§ 16</a>. It hardly seems worth while to give a detailed analysis of the whole piece. An analysis of the First Book (which is, on the whole, the best) is given by Professor Morley; and the hints which I have already given as to the character and situation of the @@ -1413,7 +1376,7 @@ XIII. </td> this being understood, he proceeds to help himself accordingly, as has already been explained.</p> - <p><a name="sect17">§ 17</a>. <span class="sc">Book I: Ch. I.</span> In + <p><a name="sect17">§ 17</a>. <span class="sc">Book I: Ch. I.</span> In Chapter I, he describes his misery, <!-- Page xxx --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagexxx"></a>[xxx]</span>and hopes that the dice will turn, and implores the help of Margaret, here used (apparently) to @@ -1472,7 +1435,7 @@ XIII. </td> explains that adversity teaches salutary lessons, and that the true riches may still be his own.</p> - <p><a name="sect18">§ 18</a>. <span class="sc">Book II.</span> In the + <p><a name="sect18">§ 18</a>. <span class="sc">Book II.</span> In the first chapter (or Prologue) of the Second Book, he again discusses the object of his work. In Chapter II, Love sings him a Latin song, introducing complaints against the clergy such as frequently occur in @@ -1485,7 +1448,7 @@ XIII. </td> which in many passages refers rather to the visible Church than to divine Grace.</p> - <p><a name="sect19">§ 19</a>. <span class="sc">Book III.</span> The first + <p><a name="sect19">§ 19</a>. <span class="sc">Book III.</span> The first chapter is again introductory, explaining why the number of Books is three. 'The Margaret in virtue is likened to Philosophy, with her three kinds.' It is remarkable that this Third Book, which is dedicated to Joy, @@ -1497,7 +1460,7 @@ XIII. </td> predestination; after which the work comes to a formal conclusion, with excuses for its various imperfections.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect20" href="#piece2">§ 20. II. <span class="sc">The Plowmans Tale.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect20" href="#piece2">§ 20. II. <span class="sc">The Plowmans Tale.</span></a></p> <p>This piece does not appear in Thynne's first edition of 1532, but occurs, for the first time, in the second edition of 1542, where it is @@ -1545,7 +1508,7 @@ XIII. </td> known, viz. that at Britwell. There is also a late print of it in the Bodleian Library, dated 1606.</p> - <p><a name="sect21">§ 21</a>. It is needless to discuss the possibility + <p><a name="sect21">§ 21</a>. It is needless to discuss the possibility that Chaucer wrote this Tale, as it is absent from all the MSS.; and it does not <!-- Page xxxiii --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagexxxiii"></a>[xxxiii]</span>appear that the ascription of it to @@ -1578,7 +1541,7 @@ XIII. </td> <p>I do not know why Mr. Wright, when reprinting this piece, omitted the Prologue. It is a pity that half of the sixth stanza is missing.</p> - <p><a name="sect22">§ 22</a>. At l. 1065 we meet with a most important + <p><a name="sect22">§ 22</a>. At l. 1065 we meet with a most important statement:—</p> <div class="poem"> @@ -1608,7 +1571,7 @@ XIII. </td> <tr><td class="ind1"> At marketts and myracles, we medleth us nevere (107).</td> <td class="ind1"> Market-beters, and medling make (871).</td></tr> <tr><td class="ind1"> For we buldeth a burwȝ, a brod and a large (118).</td> -<td class="ind1"> And builde als brode as a citè (743).</td></tr> +<td class="ind1"> And builde als brode as a citè (743).</td></tr> <tr><td class="ind1"> portreid and peint (121).</td> <td class="ind1"> I-paynted and portred (135).</td></tr> <tr><td class="ind1"> peynt and portred (192).</td></tr> @@ -1692,7 +1655,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the Panther. His choice of quadrupeds in place of birds is certainly no improvement.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect23" href="#piece3">§ 23. III. <span class="sc">Jack Upland.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect23" href="#piece3">§ 23. III. <span class="sc">Jack Upland.</span></a></p> <p>Of this piece, no MS. copy is known. It is usually said to have been first printed by Speght, in his second edition of Chaucer's Works in @@ -1702,12 +1665,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> attention was drawn by a note in Hazlitt's Bibliographer's Handbook. This copy, here taken as the basis of my text, and collated with Speght, is a small book consisting of only 16 leaves. The title-page contains the - following words, within a square border. ¶ Jack vp Lande | Compyled by - the | famous Geoffrey | Chaucer. | Ezechielis. xiii. | ¶ Wo be vnto you + following words, within a square border. ¶ Jack vp Lande | Compyled by + the | famous Geoffrey | Chaucer. | Ezechielis. xiii. | ¶ Wo be vnto you that | dishonour me to me (<i>sic</i>) peo | ple for an handful of bar | lye & for a pece of bread. | Cum priuilegio | Regali.</p> - <p>At the end of the treatise is the colophon: ¶ Prynted for Ihon Gough. + <p>At the end of the treatise is the colophon: ¶ Prynted for Ihon Gough. Cum Priuilegio Regali.</p> <p>Hazlitt conjectures that it was printed about 1540. I think we may @@ -1720,7 +1683,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> first edition of which appeared in that year.</p> <p>The text of Jack Upland, in the Caius College copy, has the following - heading, in small type:—'¶ These bē the lewed questions of + heading, in small type:—'¶ These bē the lewed questions of Freres rytes and obseruaunces the whych they chargen more than Goddes lawe, and therfore men shulden not gyue hem what so they beggen, tyll they hadden answered and clerely assoyled these questions.'</p> @@ -1730,7 +1693,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> errors. In a very few places, Speght furnishes some obvious corrections; and in such instances his readings are noted.</p> - <p><a name="sect24">§ 24</a>. A very convenient reprint of Speght's text + <p><a name="sect24">§ 24</a>. A very convenient reprint of Speght's text is given in Wright's edition of Political Poems and Songs (Record Series), vol. ii. p. 16. In the same volume, p. 39, is printed a reply to Jack Upland's questions by a friar who facetiously calls himself Friar @@ -1753,7 +1716,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> IV. We may, accordingly, safely refer all three pieces to the year 1402; shortly after Chaucer's death.</p> - <p><a name="sect25">§ 25</a>. It is also tolerably clear that there must + <p><a name="sect25">§ 25</a>. It is also tolerably clear that there must have been two texts of 'Jack Upland,' an earlier and a later one. The earlier one, of which we have no copy, can easily be traced by help of Friar Daw's reply, as he quotes all that is material point by point. It @@ -1780,7 +1743,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> well preserved. It is more correct than the Plowmans Tale, and very much more correct than the Testament of Love.</p> - <p><a name="sect26">§ 26</a>. Mr. Wright further imagines that Jack + <p><a name="sect26">§ 26</a>. Mr. Wright further imagines that Jack Upland's rejoinder to Friar Daw's reply, which he prints from 'a contemporary MS. in the Bodleian Library at Oxford, MS. Digby 41,' was also originally in alliterative verse. This supposition is almost as @@ -1799,7 +1762,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the arguments adduced on both sides. There is a slight notice of Jack Upland in Morley's English Writers, vi. 234.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect27" href="#piece4">§ 27. IV. <span class="sc">John Gower: The Praise of Peace.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect27" href="#piece4">§ 27. IV. <span class="sc">John Gower: The Praise of Peace.</span></a></p> <p>In Morley's English Writers, iv. 157, this poem is entitled 'De Pacis Commendatione,' on MS. authority (see p. <a href="#page216">216</a>). Mr. @@ -1808,7 +1771,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Mr. Nicholson for his assistance in various ways; and, in particular, for the generous loan of his own transcript of this poem.</p> - <p><a name="sect28">§ 28</a>. In Todd's Illustrations of Gower and + <p><a name="sect28">§ 28</a>. In Todd's Illustrations of Gower and Chaucer, p. 95, is a notice of a MS. 'in the present Marquis of Stafford's library at Trentham,' which had been previously described in Warton's Hist. of E. Poetry as being 'in Lord Gower's library.' Mr. @@ -1855,7 +1818,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>See Todd and Warton for more minute particulars.</p> - <p><a name="sect29">§ 29</a>. The poem itself may safely be dated in the + <p><a name="sect29">§ 29</a>. The poem itself may safely be dated in the end of 1399, for reasons given in the note to l. 393. It is of some interest, as being Gower's last poem in English, and the spirit of it is excellent, though it contains no very striking lines. We have not much of @@ -1871,7 +1834,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Hoccleve's De Regimine Principum, quoted in Morley's English Writers (1890), vol. vi. pp. 131-2.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect30" href="#piece5">§ 30. V. <span class="sc">Thomas Hoccleve: The Letter of Cupid.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect30" href="#piece5">§ 30. V. <span class="sc">Thomas Hoccleve: The Letter of Cupid.</span></a></p> <p>This poem needs little discussion. It is known to be Hoccleve's; see Dr. Furnivall's edition of Hoccleve's Minor Poems, E. E. T. S., 1892, p. @@ -1896,7 +1859,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>There is also a poor and late copy in the Bannatyne MS., at fol. 269; see the print of it for the Hunterian Club, 1879; p. 783.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect31" href="#piece6">§ 31. VI. <span class="sc">The same: Two Balades.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect31" href="#piece6">§ 31. VI. <span class="sc">The same: Two Balades.</span></a></p> <p>These two Balades, also by Hoccleve, were composed at the same time. The former is addressed to King Henry V, and the latter to the Knights of @@ -1926,7 +1889,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That he were of, nat sholde hardy be</p> <p>For to despute of the feith openly;</p> <p>And ther-upon sundry peynes sette he,</p> - <p>That peril sholde eschuëd be therby.'</p> + <p>That peril sholde eschuëd be therby.'</p> <p style="margin-left:6.1em">Minor Poems, ed. Furnivall, p. 14.</p> </div> </div> @@ -1943,7 +1906,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> another MS. copy of the poem in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge (R. 3. 15); but it is only a late copy made from the printed book.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect32" href="#piece7">§ 32. VII. <span class="sc">Henry Scogan: A Moral Balade.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect32" href="#piece7">§ 32. VII. <span class="sc">Henry Scogan: A Moral Balade.</span></a></p> <p>The heading to this poem is from MS. Ashmole 59; it is, unfortunately, somewhat obscure. It is, of course, not contemporaneous with the poem, @@ -1979,7 +1942,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 1412; John, born in 1390, created duke of Bedford in 1415; and Humphrey, born in 1391, created duke of Gloucester in 1414.</p> - <p><a name="sect33">§ 33</a>. The expression <i>at a souper of feorthe + <p><a name="sect33">§ 33</a>. The expression <i>at a souper of feorthe merchande</i> is difficult, and I can only guess at the sense. <i>Feorthe</i> is Shirley's spelling of <i>ferthe</i>, i.e. fourth. <i>Merchande</i> is probably equivalent to O.F. <i>marchandie</i> or @@ -2017,7 +1980,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> remarkable that the printed copies are better than the MSS. as regards readings.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect34" href="#piece8">§ 34. VIII. <span class="sc">The Complaint of the Black Knight.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect34" href="#piece8">§ 34. VIII. <span class="sc">The Complaint of the Black Knight.</span></a></p> <p>Such is the title in Thynne's edition (1532). In MS. F. (Fairfax 16), it is entitled—'Complaynte of a Loveres Lyfe'; and there is a @@ -2051,9 +2014,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> manner, and his imitation of Chaucer is, in places, very close; while, at the same time, it is easy to point out non-Chaucerian rimes, such as <i>whyte</i>, <i>brighte</i>, 2; <i>pitously</i>, <i>malady</i> (Ch. - <i>maladyë</i>), 137; <i>felyngly</i>, <i>malady</i>, 188; <i>mente</i>, + <i>maladyë</i>), 137; <i>felyngly</i>, <i>malady</i>, 188; <i>mente</i>, <i>diligent</i>, 246; <i>grace</i>, <i>alas</i>, 529; <i>seyn</i>, - <i>payn</i> (Ch. <i>peynë</i>), 568; <i>diurnal</i>, <i>fal</i>, (Ch. + <i>payn</i> (Ch. <i>peynë</i>), 568; <i>diurnal</i>, <i>fal</i>, (Ch. <i>falle</i>), 590; <i>payn</i>, <i>agayn</i>, 650; <i>queen</i> (Ch. <i>quene</i>), <i>seen</i>, 674. Besides which, there are two mere assonances in two consecutive stanzas, viz. <i>forjuged</i>, @@ -2077,7 +2040,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> of verse and rhyme, and especially in the diffusiveness of the story and the monotony even of the most important parts.'</p> - <p><a name="sect35">§ 35</a>. Lydgate's reminiscences of Chaucer are + <p><a name="sect35">§ 35</a>. Lydgate's reminiscences of Chaucer are often interesting. In particular, we should observe the passages suggested by the Roman de la Rose in ll. 36-112; for we are at once reminded of Chaucer's <i>own version</i> of it, as preserved in Fragment @@ -2086,7 +2049,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <i>attempre</i> (57) <!-- Page xlv --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagexlv"></a>[xlv]</span>where Chaucer has <i>attempre</i> (131), though one French text has <i>atrempee</i>, it is startling to find him - reproducing (80) Chaucer's very phrase <i>And softe as veluët</i> (R. R. + reproducing (80) Chaucer's very phrase <i>And softe as veluët</i> (R. R. 1420), where the French original has nothing corresponding either to <i>soft</i> or to <i>velvet</i>! This clearly shews that Lydgate was acquainted with Fragment A of the English version, and believed that @@ -2104,7 +2067,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> printed. His text (from MS. F.) has much the same readings, and is accompanied by a full Introduction and eleven pages of useful notes.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect36" href="#piece9">§ 36. IX. <span class="sc">The Flour of Curtesye.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect36" href="#piece9">§ 36. IX. <span class="sc">The Flour of Curtesye.</span></a></p> <p>This piece has no author's name prefixed to it in the first three editions; but in the fourth edition by Stowe, printed in 1561, the title @@ -2131,7 +2094,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> similar to that employed in Gray's famous Elegy. <!-- Page xlvi --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagexlvi"></a>[xlvi]</span></p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect37" href="#piece10">§ 37. X. <span class="sc">A Balade in Commendation of our Lady.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect37" href="#piece10">§ 37. X. <span class="sc">A Balade in Commendation of our Lady.</span></a></p> <p>This piece is attributed to 'Lidegate of Bury' in the Ashmole MS. no. 59; and the ascription is obviously correct. It abounds with evident @@ -2143,12 +2106,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> testimony for the genuineness of that poem.</p> <p>As an illustration of Lydgate's verse, I may notice the additional - syllable after the cæsura, which too often clogs his lines. Thus in l. 8 + syllable after the cæsura, which too often clogs his lines. Thus in l. 8 we must group the syllables thus:—</p> - <p>Wherefór : now pláynly : I wól : my stýlë : dréssë. Similarly, we find - <i>lícour</i> in l. 13, <i>pítè</i> (18), <i>líving</i> (24), - <i>bémës</i> (25), <i>gínning</i> (31), <i>mércy</i> (33), <i>gárden</i> + <p>Wherefór : now pláynly : I wól : my stýlë : dréssë. Similarly, we find + <i>lÃcour</i> in l. 13, <i>pÃtè</i> (18), <i>lÃving</i> (24), + <i>bémës</i> (25), <i>gÃnning</i> (31), <i>mércy</i> (33), <i>gárden</i> (36), &c., all occupying places where a monosyllable would have been more acceptable.</p> @@ -2161,7 +2124,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> reign of Henry V. We have not yet obtained sufficient data for the arrangement of Lydgate's poems.</p> - <p><a name="sect38">§ 38</a>. Lines 121-127 are here printed for the + <p><a name="sect38">§ 38</a>. Lines 121-127 are here printed for the first time. In the old editions, l. 120 is succeeded by l. 128, with the result that <i>Sion</i> (120) would not rime with <i>set afere</i> (129); but the scribe of the Ashmole MS. was equal to the emergency, for he @@ -2205,7 +2168,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> part</i> of the present one; but they have absolutely no point in common beyond the fact of having a common authorship.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect39" href="#piece11">§ 39. XI. <span class="sc">To my Soverain Lady.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect39" href="#piece11">§ 39. XI. <span class="sc">To my Soverain Lady.</span></a></p> <p>In all the old editions, this piece forms part of the preceding, though it is obviously distinct from it, when attention is once drawn to @@ -2249,7 +2212,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Some resemblances to Chaucer are pointed out in the Notes. The most interesting circumstance about this poem is that the author quotes, at - the end of his third stanza, the first line of 'Merciles Beautè'; this is + the end of his third stanza, the first line of 'Merciles Beautè'; this is a strong point in favour of the attribution of that poem to his master.</p> @@ -2262,7 +2225,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page xlix --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagexlix"></a>[xlix]</span></p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect40" href="#piece12">§ 40. XII. <span class="sc">Ballad of Good Counsel.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect40" href="#piece12">§ 40. XII. <span class="sc">Ballad of Good Counsel.</span></a></p> <p>The title of this piece in Stowe's edition stands as follows: 'A balade of good counseile, translated out of Latin verses into Englishe, @@ -2277,7 +2240,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>He transgresses one of Chaucer's canons in ll. 79-82; where he rimes <i>hardy</i> with <i>foly</i> and <i>flatery</i>. The two latter words - are, in Chaucer, <i>foly-ë</i> and <i>flatery-ë</i>, and never rime with + are, in Chaucer, <i>foly-ë</i> and <i>flatery-ë</i>, and never rime with a word like <i>hardy</i>, which has no final <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>.</p> @@ -2298,7 +2261,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> occur in the MSS. only. Indeed, MS. H. (Harl. 2251) is the sole authority for the former of these two stanzas.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect41" href="#piece13">§ 41. XIII. <span class="sc">Beware of Doubleness.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect41" href="#piece13">§ 41. XIII. <span class="sc">Beware of Doubleness.</span></a></p> <p>This is a favourable example of Lydgate's better style; and is written with unusual smoothness, owing to the shortness of the lines. It was @@ -2313,7 +2276,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> comma after it. What sense readers have hitherto made of this line, I am at a loss to conjecture.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect42" href="#piece14">§ 42. XIV. <span class="sc">A Balade: Warning Men, etc.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect42" href="#piece14">§ 42. XIV. <span class="sc">A Balade: Warning Men, etc.</span></a></p> <p>First printed by Stowe in 1561, from the MS. in Trinity College Library, marked R. 3. 19, which I have used in preference to the printed @@ -2342,7 +2305,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Two variations upon the last stanza occur in the Bannatyne MS., fol. 258, back; see the print by the Hunterian Club, 1879, pp. 754, 755.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect43" href="#piece15">§ 43. XV. <span class="sc">Three Sayings.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect43" href="#piece15">§ 43. XV. <span class="sc">Three Sayings.</span></a></p> <p>First printed by Stowe; I know of no MS. copy. The first two Sayings are attributed to Lydgate; so we may as well credit him with the third. @@ -2357,7 +2320,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> vol. i. p. 32. Stowe introduced them <i>in order to fill a blank half-column</i> between nos. 27 and 31.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect44" href="#piece16">§ 44. XVI. <span class="sc">La Belle Dame sans Mercy.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect44" href="#piece16">§ 44. XVI. <span class="sc">La Belle Dame sans Mercy.</span></a></p> <p>First printed in Thynne's Chaucer (1532). Tyrwhitt first pointed out that it could not possibly be his, seeing that Alan Chartier's poem with @@ -2372,10 +2335,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 1410, when the poet was only twenty-four years old; and the date of the translation must be later still. But we are not wholly left to conjecture in this matter. A short notice of Sir Richard Ros appeared in Englische - Studien, X. 206, written by H. Gröhler, who refers us to his dissertation - 'Ueber Richard Ros' mittelenglische übersetzung des gedichtes von Alain + Studien, X. 206, written by H. Gröhler, who refers us to his dissertation + 'Ueber Richard Ros' mittelenglische übersetzung des gedichtes von Alain Chartier La Belle Dame sans Mercy,' published at Breslau in 1886; of - which Dr. Gröhler has most obligingly sent me a copy, whence several of + which Dr. Gröhler has most obligingly sent me a copy, whence several of my Notes have been derived. He tells us, in this article, that his dissertation was founded on the copy of the poem in MS. Harl. 372, which (in 1886) he believed to be unique; whereas he had since been informed @@ -2384,10 +2347,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the Harleian as to misarrangement of the subject-matter<a name="NtA_18" href="#Nt_18"><sup>[18]</sup></a>. He also proposed to give a new edition of the poem in Englische Studien, but I am unable to find it; and Dr. - Kölbing courteously informs me that it never appeared. <!-- Page lii + Kölbing courteously informs me that it never appeared. <!-- Page lii --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelii"></a>[lii]</span></p> - <p>Dr. Gröhler further tells us, that Mr. Joseph Hall, of Manchester, had + <p>Dr. Gröhler further tells us, that Mr. Joseph Hall, of Manchester, had sent him some account, extracted from the county history of Leicestershire by Nichols, of the family of Roos or Ros, who were lords of Hamlake and Belvoir in that county. According to Nichols, the Sir @@ -2405,7 +2368,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> in the New English Dictionary, s.v. <i>Currish</i>, is 1460; which cannot be far wrong. It can hardly be much later.</p> - <p><a name="sect45">§ 45</a>. The above notice also suggests that, as Sir + <p><a name="sect45">§ 45</a>. The above notice also suggests that, as Sir Richard Ros was of a Leicestershire family, the dialect of the piece may, originally at least, have been North Leicestershire. Belvoir is situate in the N.E. corner of Leicestershire, not far from Grantham in @@ -2426,7 +2389,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'In this great thought, sore troubled in my mind,</p> <p>Alone thus rode I all the morrow-tide,</p> - <p>Till, at the last, it happèd me to find</p> + <p>Till, at the last, it happèd me to find</p> <p>The place wherein I cast me to abide</p> </div> </div> @@ -2438,7 +2401,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>When that I had no further for to ride.</p> <p>And as I went my lodging to purvey,</p> <p>Right soon I heard, but little me beside,</p> - <p>In a gardén, where minstrels gan to play.'</p> + <p>In a gardén, where minstrels gan to play.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -2450,7 +2413,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> anything of the kind. When Sir Richard's words have an extra syllable, it is due to the suffix <i><span class="nw">-es</span></i> or the suffix <i><span class="nw">-ed</span></i>; and even these are not remarkably - numerous; we do not arrive at <i>cloth-ës</i>, a plural in <i><span + numerous; we do not arrive at <i>cloth-ës</i>, a plural in <i><span class="nw">-es</span></i>, before l. 22; and, in the course of the first four stanzas, all the words in <i><span class="nw">-ed</span></i> are <i>awak-ed</i>, <i>nak-ed</i>, <i>vex-ed</i>, <i>tourn-ed</i>, and @@ -2462,7 +2425,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> with the same suffix! Again, he constantly uses the Northern possessive pronoun <i>their</i>; but modern English does the same!</p> - <p><a name="sect46">§ 46</a>. Another remarkable point about the poem is + <p><a name="sect46">§ 46</a>. Another remarkable point about the poem is the perfect smoothness and regularity of the metre in a large number of lines, even as judged by a modern standard. The first line—'Half in a dream, not fully well awaked'—might, from a metrical point of @@ -2479,7 +2442,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'N'agueres cheuauchant pensoye,</p> <p>Comme homme triste et douloreux,</p> - <p>Au dueil où il faut que ie soye</p> + <p>Au dueil où il faut que ie soye</p> <p>Le plus dolant des amoureux;</p> <p>Puisque par son dart rigoureux</p> <p>La mort me tolli ma Maistresse,</p> @@ -2493,7 +2456,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I have cited in the Notes a few passages of the original text which help to explain the translation.</p> - <p><a name="sect47">§ 47</a>. The text in Thynne is a good one, and it + <p><a name="sect47">§ 47</a>. The text in Thynne is a good one, and it seemed convenient to make it the basis of the edition; but it has been carefully controlled by collation with MS. Ff. 1. 6, which is, in some respects, the best MS. I am not sure that Thynne always followed his MS.; @@ -2540,7 +2503,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the difficulty by a material alteration of the line, so that it there becomes—'In any wyse, nether preuy nor perte.'</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect48" href="#piece17">§ 48. XVII. <span class="sc">The Testament of Cresseid.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect48" href="#piece17">§ 48. XVII. <span class="sc">The Testament of Cresseid.</span></a></p> <p>I do not suppose this was ever supposed to be Chaucer's even by Thynne. Line 64—'Quha wait gif all that Chaucer wrait was @@ -2552,7 +2515,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Northern forms.</p> <p>The poem was printed at Edinburgh in 1593 with the author's name. The - title is as follows—¶ <b>The Testament of</b> CRESSEID, Compylit be + title is as follows—¶ <b>The Testament of</b> CRESSEID, Compylit be M. Robert Henrysone, Sculemai-ster in Dunfermeling. <b>Imprentit at Edin</b> = burgh be Henrie Charteris. <span class="sm">MD. XCIII.</span> The text is in 4to, ten leaves, black-letter. Only one copy has been @@ -2629,7 +2592,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> is his best piece. Perhaps it is the best piece in the present volume.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect49" href="#piece18">§ 49. XVIII. <span class="sc">The Cuckoo and the Nightingale.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect49" href="#piece18">§ 49. XVIII. <span class="sc">The Cuckoo and the Nightingale.</span></a></p> <p>Of this piece there are several MSS., which fall into two main classes: (A)—Ff. (Ff. 1. 6, in the Camb. Univ. Library); T. (Tanner @@ -2681,7 +2644,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> be noted that Sir John Clanvowe was a witness, in 1385, to the will of the widow of the Black Prince; see Testamenta Vetusta, ed. Nicolas.)</p> - <p><a name="sect50">§ 50</a>. It now becomes easy to explain the + <p><a name="sect50">§ 50</a>. It now becomes easy to explain the reference to the queen at Woodstock, which has never yet been accounted for. The poem begins with the words—'<i>The God of Love!</i> Ah benedicite,' quoted from Chaucer, the title of the poem being 'The Book @@ -2720,7 +2683,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> has the form <i>man</i>; whilst of <i>ran</i> I remember no example at the end of a line<a name="NtA_23" href="#Nt_23"><sup>[23]</sup></a>.</p> - <p><a name="sect51">§ 51</a>. But there is one point about Clanvowe's + <p><a name="sect51">§ 51</a>. But there is one point about Clanvowe's verse which renders it, for the fifteenth century, quite unique. In imitating Chaucer's use of the final <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>, he employs this suffix with unprecedented freedom, and rather avoids than @@ -2770,10 +2733,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> find elisions of <i>men'</i>, <i>sor'</i>, <i>wak'</i>, <i>oft'</i> (twice), <i>red'</i> (twice), <i>spek'</i>, <i>fast'</i>, <i>radd'</i>; i.e. 10 examples; added to which, Chaucer has <i>joy(e)</i>, <i>love</i>, - <i>knowe</i>, <i>usage</i>, <i>boke</i>, at the cæsura, and suppresses + <i>knowe</i>, <i>usage</i>, <i>boke</i>, at the cæsura, and suppresses the <i>e</i> in <i>write</i> (written). But in ll. 1-21, Clanvowe has (in addition to <i>love</i>, <i>make</i>, <i>lowe</i>, <i>make</i> (twice), - <i>gladde</i> at the cæsura) only 3 examples of true elision, viz. + <i>gladde</i> at the cæsura) only 3 examples of true elision, viz. <i>fressh'</i>, <i>tell'</i>, and <i>mak'</i> (15).</p> <p>And further, we seldom find <i>two</i> examples of the use of the @@ -2793,9 +2756,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> They have trusted to their own mere opinion, without looking the facts in the face.</p> - <p><a name="sect52">§ 52</a>. I will point out yet one more very striking + <p><a name="sect52">§ 52</a>. I will point out yet one more very striking difference. We know that Chaucer sometimes employs headless lines, such - as: Twénty bókes át his béddes héed. But he does so sparingly, <!-- Page + as: Twénty bókes át his béddes héed. But he does so sparingly, <!-- Page lxi --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxi"></a>[lxi]</span>especially in his Minor Poems. But in the Cuckoo, they are not uncommon; see, e.g. lines 16, 50, 72, 100, 116, 118, 146, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, @@ -2809,7 +2772,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I think the poem may still be admired, even if it be allowed that Clanvowe wrote it some three years after Chaucer's death.</p> - <p><a name="sect53">§ 53</a>. At any rate, it was admired by so good a + <p><a name="sect53">§ 53</a>. At any rate, it was admired by so good a judge of poetry as John Milton, who of course possessed a copy of it in the volume which was so pleasantly called 'The Works of Chaucer.' That his famous sonnet 'To the Nightingale' owed something to Clanvowe, I @@ -2855,7 +2818,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><!-- Page lxii --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxii"></a>[lxii]</span></p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect54" href="#piece19">§ 54. XIX. <span class="sc">Envoy to Alison.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect54" href="#piece19">§ 54. XIX. <span class="sc">Envoy to Alison.</span></a></p> <p>This piece has always hitherto been printed <i>without any title</i>, and is made to follow The Cuckoo and the Nightingale, as if there were @@ -2880,7 +2843,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> have no right even to assign it to Lydgate. And its date may be later than 1450.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect55" href="#piece20">§ 55. XX. <span class="sc">The Flower and the Leaf.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect55" href="#piece20">§ 55. XX. <span class="sc">The Flower and the Leaf.</span></a></p> <p>This piece many 'critics' would assign to Chaucer, merely because they like it. This may be sentiment, but it is not criticism; and, after all, @@ -3050,7 +3013,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> either as daughter or sister. I have little doubt that the careful reader will discover more points of resemblance for himself.</p> - <p><a name="sect56">§ 56</a>. The chief appreciable difference between + <p><a name="sect56">§ 56</a>. The chief appreciable difference between the two poems is that F. was probably written considerably earlier than A. This appears from the more frequent use of the final <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>, which the authoress occasionally uses as an @@ -3062,14 +3025,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> most important cases are the abundant ones in which a final <i>e</i> is omitted where Chaucer would inevitably have inserted it. For example, such a line as F. 195—From the same grove, where the ladyes come - out—would become, in Chaucer—From the sam-ë grov-ë wher the + out—would become, in Chaucer—From the sam-ë grov-ë wher the ladyes come out—giving at least twelve syllables in the line. The examples of the omission of final <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>, where such omission makes a difference to the scansion, are not very numerous, because many such come before a vowel (where they might be - elided) or at the cæsura (where they might be tolerated). Still we may + elided) or at the cæsura (where they might be tolerated). Still we may note such a case as <i>green</i> in l. 109 where Chaucer would have - written <i>gren-e</i>, giving <i>a fresh gren-ë laurer-tree</i>, to the + written <i>gren-e</i>, giving <i>a fresh gren-ë laurer-tree</i>, to the ruin of the scansion. Similar offences against Chaucer's usage are <i>herd</i> for <i>herd-e</i>, 128 (cf. 191); <i>spek'</i> for <i>spek-e</i>, 140; <i>al</i> for <i>all-e</i>, plural, 165; <i>sight</i> @@ -3095,7 +3058,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> and the Leaf was written by Chaucer will have to explain away every one of these cases; and when they have done so, there is more to be said.</p> - <p><a name="sect57">§ 57</a>. For it is well known that such a word as + <p><a name="sect57">§ 57</a>. For it is well known that such a word as <i>sweetly</i> (96) was trisyllabic, as <i>swet-e-ly</i>, in Chaucer; C. T., A 221. Similarly, our authoress has <i>trewly</i> for <i>trew-e-ly</i><a name="NtA_26" href="#Nt_26"><sup>[26]</sup></a>, 130; @@ -3110,7 +3073,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Chaucer has <i>bigonn-e</i>. Can these things be explained away also? If so, there is more to be said.</p> - <p><a name="sect58">§ 58</a>. All the above examples have been made out, + <p><a name="sect58">§ 58</a>. All the above examples have been made out, without so much as looking at the rimes. But the rimes are much harder to explain away, where they differ from Chaucer's. Here are a few specimens.</p> @@ -3131,7 +3094,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the list, if he knows how to do it. If not, let him be humble. For there is more to come.</p> - <p><a name="sect59">§ 59</a>. Besides the grammar, there is yet the + <p><a name="sect59">§ 59</a>. Besides the grammar, there is yet the pronunciation to be considered; and here comes in the greatest difficulty of all. For, in ll. 86-89, we have the unusual rime of <i>tree</i> and <i>be</i> with <i>pretily</i>. This so staggered Dr. Morris, that he was @@ -3140,7 +3103,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> consult the excellent dissertation by Dr. Curtis on The Romance of Clariodus <!-- Page lxviii --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxviii"></a>[lxviii]</span>(Halle, 1894), p. 56, <a - name="sect187">§ 187</a>. He remarks that a rime of this character gives + name="sect187">§ 187</a>. He remarks that a rime of this character gives evidence of the transition of M.E. long close <i>e</i> to (Italian) long <i>i</i> [as in the change from A.S. <i>mē</i> to mod. E. <i>me</i>], and adds: 'this change became general in the fifteenth @@ -3162,7 +3125,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> otherwise, it is difficult to understand for what reasons it was considered worthy of so great a master as Geoffrey Chaucer.</p> - <p><a name="sect60">§ 60</a>. It will be seen, from the Notes, that the + <p><a name="sect60">§ 60</a>. It will be seen, from the Notes, that the authoress was well acquainted with the Prologue to The Legend of Good Women; and it can hardly be questioned that she took the main idea of the poem from that source, especially ll. 188-194 of the later text. At the @@ -3194,7 +3157,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> </div> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect61" href="#piece21">§ 61. XXI. <span class="sc">The Assembly of Ladies.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect61" href="#piece21">§ 61. XXI. <span class="sc">The Assembly of Ladies.</span></a></p> <p>This has already been discussed, in some measure, in considering the preceding poem. Both pieces were written by the same authoress; but the @@ -3244,7 +3207,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Addit. 34360 is of some value. <!-- Page lxx --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxx"></a>[lxx]</span></p> - <p><a name="sect62">§ 62</a>. A considerable part of The Assembly of + <p><a name="sect62">§ 62</a>. A considerable part of The Assembly of Ladies that is now of little interest may have been much appreciated at the time, as having reference to the ordering of a large medieval household, with its chambers, parlours, bay-windows, and galleries, @@ -3272,7 +3235,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> fifteenth century. We must not put them too late, because The Assembly exists in MSS. that seem to be as old as that period.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect63" href="#piece22">§ 63. XXII. <span class="sc">A Goodly Balade.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect63" href="#piece22">§ 63. XXII. <span class="sc">A Goodly Balade.</span></a></p> <p>For this poem there is but one authority, viz. Thynne's edition of 1532. He calls it 'A goodly balade of Chaucer'; but it is manifestly @@ -3309,7 +3272,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> recourse is had to French; and the other two stanzas both begin with inverted clauses.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect64" href="#piece23">§ 64. XXIII. <span class="sc">Go forth, King.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect64" href="#piece23">§ 64. XXIII. <span class="sc">Go forth, King.</span></a></p> <p>I give this from Thynne's first edition; but add the Latin lines from the copy printed in Schick's edition of The Temple of Glas, at p. 68. His @@ -3333,7 +3296,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> my supposition. I think this may be taken as removing all doubt on the subject.</p> - <p><a name="sect65">§ 65</a>. I beg leave to quote here Schick's + <p><a name="sect65">§ 65</a>. I beg leave to quote here Schick's excellent remarks upon the poem itself.</p> <p>'There are similar pieces to these <i>Duodecim Abusiones</i> in @@ -3341,11 +3304,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> name="pagelxxii"></a>[lxxii]</span>English literature (see ten Brink, <i>Geschichte der englischen Literatur</i>, i. 268, and note).<a name="NtA_32" href="#Nt_32"><sup>[32]</sup></a> The "twelf - unþēawas" existed also in Old-English; a homily on them is printed + unþēawas" existed also in Old-English; a homily on them is printed in Morris, <i>Old Eng. Homilies</i>, pp. 101-119<a name="NtA_33" href="#Nt_33"><sup>[33]</sup></a>. It is based on the Latin Homily "De octo viciis et de duodecim abusivis huius saeculi," attributed to St. - Cyprian or St. Patrick; see Dietrich in Niedner's <i>Zeitschrift für + Cyprian or St. Patrick; see Dietrich in Niedner's <i>Zeitschrift für historische Theologie</i>, 1855, p. 518; Wanley's <i>Catalogus</i>, passim (cf. the Index <i>sub voce</i> Patrick). In the Middle-English period we meet again with more or less of these "Abusions"; see Morris, @@ -3353,7 +3316,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Eng. Poems</i>, Berlin, 1862 (Phil. Soc.), p. 161; "Five Evil Things," Wright and Halliwell, <i>Reliquiae Antiquae</i>, i. 316, and ii. 14.'</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect66" href="#piece24">§ 66. XXIV. <span class="sc">The Court of Love.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect66" href="#piece24">§ 66. XXIV. <span class="sc">The Court of Love.</span></a></p> <p>This piece was first printed by Stowe in 1561. Stowe happened to have access to a MS. which was really a miscellaneous collection of @@ -3371,7 +3334,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Chaucer, whilst the others were unhesitatingly rejected. And it happened on this wise.</p> - <p><a name="sect67">§ 67</a>. After Tyrwhitt had edited the Canterbury + <p><a name="sect67">§ 67</a>. After Tyrwhitt had edited the Canterbury Tales afresh, it occurred to him to compile a Glossary. He rightly reasoned that the Glossary would be strengthened and made more correct if he included in it all the harder words found in the <i>whole</i> of @@ -3422,7 +3385,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> slippery ground that it <i>is</i> a virelai (which, strictly speaking, it is not).</p> - <p><a name="sect68">§ 68</a>. One result of his investigations was that + <p><a name="sect68">§ 68</a>. One result of his investigations was that an edition of Chaucer was published by Moxon (my copy is dated 1855), in which all the poems were included which Tyrwhitt accepted, followed by Tyrwhitt's Account of the Works of Chaucer.</p> @@ -3436,7 +3399,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> out from luxuriant lists the names of pieces that are obviously spurious, is one that should never have found acceptance.</p> - <p><a name="sect69">§ 69</a>. There is only one correct method of drawing + <p><a name="sect69">§ 69</a>. There is only one correct method of drawing up a canon of genuine works, viz. that adopted by Mr. Henry Bradshaw, formerly our Cambridge University Librarian. It is simple enough, viz. to take a clean sheet of paper, and enter upon it, first of all, the names @@ -3449,7 +3412,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> name="NtA_38" href="#Nt_38"><sup>[38]</sup></a>, and there is no internal evidence to suggest an earlier date.</p> - <p><a name="sect70">§ 70</a>. Our task is to determine what it really is, + <p><a name="sect70">§ 70</a>. Our task is to determine what it really is, and what can be made of it as it stands. We learn from the author that he <!-- Page lxxv --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxxv"></a>[lxxv]</span>was 'a clerk of Cambridge' (913), which @@ -3494,7 +3457,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> abandoned, which is one reason why that piece is in a less lively style.</p> - <p><a name="sect71">§ 71</a>. The sole MS. copy of The Court of Love + <p><a name="sect71">§ 71</a>. The sole MS. copy of The Court of Love belongs to the sixteenth century, and there is nothing to shew that the poem itself was of earlier date. Indeed, the language of it is remarkably like that of the former half of that century. If it be compared with @@ -3536,7 +3499,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 2819-20; see note at p. <a href="#page545">545</a>. I can find no reason for dating the poem earlier than that year.</p> - <p><a name="sect72">§ 72</a>. However this may be, the chief point to + <p><a name="sect72">§ 72</a>. However this may be, the chief point to notice is that his archaisms are affectations and not natural. He frequently dispenses with them altogether for whole stanzas at a time. When they occur, they are such as he found in Chaucer abundantly; I refer @@ -3550,8 +3513,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <i>y-ravisshed</i> (153), <i>y-stope</i> (281), the last being used in the sense of Chaucer's <i>stope</i>. The most remarkable point is the almost total absence of the final <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>; I - only observe <i>His len-ë body</i> (1257); <i>to serv-e</i> (909); <i>to - dred-e</i> (603); and <i>in thilk-ë place</i> (642); the last of which is + only observe <i>His len-ë body</i> (1257); <i>to serv-e</i> (909); <i>to + dred-e</i> (603); and <i>in thilk-ë place</i> (642); the last of which is a phrase (cf. R. R. 660). On the other hand, whilst thus abstaining from the use of the final <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>, he makes large use of the longer and less usual suffix <i><span @@ -3608,7 +3571,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> as, e.g., in Hawes and Skelton. Caxton uses all four forms, <i>hem</i> and <i>them</i>, <i>her</i> and <i>their</i>.</p> - <p><a name="sect73">§ 73</a>. I add a few notes, suggested by an + <p><a name="sect73">§ 73</a>. I add a few notes, suggested by an examination of the rimes employed.</p> <p>The final <i>-e</i> is not used at the end of a line. This is easily @@ -3630,8 +3593,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> curious rime <!-- Page lxxix --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxxix"></a>[lxxix]</span>is that of <i>length</i> with <i>thynketh</i>, 1059; read <i>thenk'th</i>, and it is good enough. - Noteworthy are these: <i>thryse</i> (for Chaucer's <i>thry-ës</i>), - <i>wyse</i>, 537; <i>hens</i> (for Chaucer's <i>henn-ës</i>), + Noteworthy are these: <i>thryse</i> (for Chaucer's <i>thry-ës</i>), + <i>wyse</i>, 537; <i>hens</i> (for Chaucer's <i>henn-ës</i>), <i>eloquence</i>, 935; <i>desire</i>, <i>here</i>, 961, 1301; <i>eke</i>, <i>like</i>, 561; <i>tretesse</i> (for Chaucer's <i>tretys</i>), <i>worthinesse</i>, 28; <i>write</i>, <i>aright</i>, 13; <i>sey</i> (I @@ -3653,26 +3616,26 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> appears from ll. 1051-1055, which end with <i>me</i>, <i>remedy</i>, <i>be</i>, <i>dy</i>, <i>company</i> consecutively.</p> - <p><a name="sect74">§ 74</a>. Perhaps an easier way for enabling a + <p><a name="sect74">§ 74</a>. Perhaps an easier way for enabling a learner to recognise the peculiarities of The Court of Love, and the difference of its language from Chaucer, is to translate some lines of it into Chaucerian English. The effect upon the metre is startling.</p> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p>So thanne I went-ë by straunge and fer-rë contrees; 57.</p> - <p>Alceste it was that kept-ë there her sojour; 105.</p> - <p>To whom obeyd-ën the ladies god-ë nynten-ë; 108.</p> - <p>And yong-ë men fel-ë cam-ë forth with lusty pace; 110.</p> - <p>O bright-ë Regina, who mad-ë thee so fair? 141.</p> - <p>And mercy ask-ë for al my gret-ë trespas; 166.</p> - <p>This eight-ë-ten-ë yeer have kept yourself at large; 184.</p> - <p>In me did never worch-ë trew-ë-ly, yit I; 212.</p> - <p>And ther I sey the fres-shë quene of Cartáge; 231.</p> - <p>A! new-ë com-ën folk, abyde, and woot ye why; 271.</p> - <p>Than gan I me present-ë tofor-ë the king; 274.</p> - <p>That thou be trew-ë from henn-es-forth, to thy might; 289.</p> - <p>And nam-ë-ly haw-ë-thorn brought-ën both-ë page and grom-ë; 1433.</p> + <p>So thanne I went-ë by straunge and fer-rë contrees; 57.</p> + <p>Alceste it was that kept-ë there her sojour; 105.</p> + <p>To whom obeyd-ën the ladies god-ë nynten-ë; 108.</p> + <p>And yong-ë men fel-ë cam-ë forth with lusty pace; 110.</p> + <p>O bright-ë Regina, who mad-ë thee so fair? 141.</p> + <p>And mercy ask-ë for al my gret-ë trespas; 166.</p> + <p>This eight-ë-ten-ë yeer have kept yourself at large; 184.</p> + <p>In me did never worch-ë trew-ë-ly, yit I; 212.</p> + <p>And ther I sey the fres-shë quene of Cartáge; 231.</p> + <p>A! new-ë com-ën folk, abyde, and woot ye why; 271.</p> + <p>Than gan I me present-ë tofor-ë the king; 274.</p> + <p>That thou be trew-ë from henn-es-forth, to thy might; 289.</p> + <p>And nam-ë-ly haw-ë-thorn brought-ën both-ë page and grom-ë; 1433.</p> </div> </div> @@ -3681,7 +3644,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For Love ne wól nat countrepleted be.</p> + <p>For Love ne wól nat countrepleted be.</p> </div> </div> @@ -3708,7 +3671,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> whole, is pleasing. I have nothing to say against it, when considered on its own merits.</p> - <p><a name="sect75">§ 75</a>. Space fails me to discuss the somewhat + <p><a name="sect75">§ 75</a>. Space fails me to discuss the somewhat vexed question of the Courts of Love, of which some have denied the existence. However, there seems to be good evidence to shew that they arose in Provence, and were due to the extravagances of the troubadours. @@ -3729,7 +3692,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the Chaucerian sense (Leg. Good Women, 352). Even the statutes of the Court are largely imitated from Lydgate.</p> -<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect76"></a><a href="#piece25">§ 76. <span class="sc">Pieces numbered XXV-XXIX.</span></a></p> +<p class="ac" style="margin-top:3ex;"><a name="sect76"></a><a href="#piece25">§ 76. <span class="sc">Pieces numbered XXV-XXIX.</span></a></p> <p>XXV. <span class="sc">Virelay.</span> This piece, from the Trinity MS., belongs to the end of the fifteenth century, and contains no example @@ -3805,7 +3768,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the Trinity MS., it occurs at the end of a copy of The Parlement of Foules.</p> - <p><a name="sect77">§ 77</a>. An examination of the pieces contained in + <p><a name="sect77">§ 77</a>. An examination of the pieces contained in the present volume leads us to a somewhat remarkable result, viz. that we readily distinguish in them the handiwork of <i>at least</i> twelve different authors, of whom no two are much alike, whilst every one of @@ -3839,7 +3802,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> class="nw">-en</span></i> to save a hiatus or to gain a syllable, and did not hesitate to employ it where it was grammatically wrong to do so.</p> - <p><a name="sect78">§ 78</a>. If the reader were to suppose that this + <p><a name="sect78">§ 78</a>. If the reader were to suppose that this exhausts the list, he would be mistaken; for it is quite easy to add at least one known name, and to suggest three others. For the piece numbered XXVI, on p. 449, has been identified as the work of John Walton, who @@ -3867,13 +3830,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Chalmers' British Poets; which, precisely on that very account, is useful enough in its own peculiar way.</p> - <p><a name="sect79">§ 79</a>. I believe it may be said of nearly every + <p><a name="sect79">§ 79</a>. I believe it may be said of nearly every piece in the volume, that it now appears in an improved form. In several cases, I have collated MSS. that have not previously been examined, and have found them to be the best. The Notes are nearly all new; very few have been taken from Bell's Chaucer. Several are due to Schick's useful notes to The Temple of Glas; and some to Krausser's edition of The Black - Knight, and to Gröhler's edition of La Belle Dame, both of which reached + Knight, and to Gröhler's edition of La Belle Dame, both of which reached me after my own notes were all in type. I have added a Glossary <!-- Page lxxxiv --><span class="pagenum"><a name="pagelxxxiv"></a>[lxxxiv]</span>of the harder words; for others, see @@ -3898,7 +3861,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> for the loan of his transcript of The Praise of Peace; to Mr. Bradley, for his discovery of the authorship of The Testament of Love and for other assistance as regards the same; to Dr. E. Krausser, for his edition - of The Complaint of the Black Knight; to Dr. Gröhler, for his + of The Complaint of the Black Knight; to Dr. Gröhler, for his dissertation on La Belle Dame sans Mercy; and to Professor Hales for his kind help as to some difficult points, and particularly with regard to The Court of Love.</p> @@ -3986,7 +3949,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>¶ Now, principally, the mene to bringe in knowleging and</p> + <p>¶ Now, principally, the mene to bringe in knowleging and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>loving his creatour is the consideracion of thinges made by the</p> <p>creatour, wherthrough, by thilke thinges that ben made understonding</p> <p>here to our wittes, arn the unsene privitees of god</p> @@ -4056,7 +4019,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>Yet also have I leve of the noble husbande Boëce, al-though</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>Yet also have I leve of the noble husbande Boëce, al-though</p> <p>I be a straunger of conninge, to come after his doctrine, and</p> <p>these grete workmen, and glene my handfuls of the shedinge</p> <p>after their handes; and, if me faile ought of my ful, to encrese</p> @@ -4251,7 +4214,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>commended by †flowinge streme †of al maner vertues, but</p> <p>ther ben wonderful, I not whiche that let the flood to come</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">120</div></div><p>in-to my soule; wherefore, purely mated with sorowe thorough-sought,</p> - <p>my-selfe I crye on your goodnesse to have pitè on this</p> + <p>my-selfe I crye on your goodnesse to have pitè on this</p> <p>caytif, that in the in[ne]rest degree of sorowe and disese is left,</p> <p>and, without your goodly wil, from any helpe and recovery.</p> <p>These sorowes may I not sustene, but-if my sorowe shulde be</p> @@ -4262,10 +4225,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>there cryeth after mercy and grace, to which thing (me semeth)</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>thee list non answere to yeve, but with a deynous chere ye</p> <p>commaunden it to avoide; but god forbid that any word shuld of</p> - <p>you springe, to have so litel routh! Pardè, pitè and mercy in</p> + <p>you springe, to have so litel routh! Pardè, pitè and mercy in</p> <p>every Margarite is closed by kynde amonges many other vertues,</p> <p>by qualitees of comfort; but comfort is to me right naught worth,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>withouten mercy and pitè of you alone; whiche thinges hastely</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>withouten mercy and pitè of you alone; whiche thinges hastely</p> <p>god me graunt for his mercy!</p> </div> </div> @@ -4326,7 +4289,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>persones, that otherwhyle, if a man be in his soveraignes presence,</p> <p>a maner of ferdnesse crepeth in his herte, not for harme, but of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>goodly subjeccion; namely, as men reden that aungels ben aferde</p> - <p>of our saviour in heven. And pardè, there ne is, ne may no</p> + <p>of our saviour in heven. And pardè, there ne is, ne may no</p> <p>passion of disese be; but it is to mene, that angels ben adradde,</p> <p>not by †ferdnes of drede, sithen they ben perfitly blissed, [but]</p> <p>as [by] affeccion of wonderfulnesse and by service of obedience.</p> @@ -4383,8 +4346,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'O good lady,' quod I, 'is this worship to thee or to thyn</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>excellence, for to come in-to so foule a place? Pardè, somtyme,</p> - <p>tho I was in prosperitè and with forayne goodes envolved, I had</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>excellence, for to come in-to so foule a place? Pardè, somtyme,</p> + <p>tho I was in prosperitè and with forayne goodes envolved, I had</p> <p>mokil to done to drawe thee to myn hostel; and yet many</p> <p>werninges thou madest er thou liste fully to graunte, thyn home</p> <p>to make at my dwelling-place; and now thou comest goodly by</p> @@ -4427,7 +4390,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>hem through errour to ben spilte. For me liste, and it me lyketh,</p> <p>of al myne a shepherdesse to be cleped. Wost thou not wel,</p> <p>I fayled never wight, but he me refused and wolde negligently go</p> - <p>with unkyndenesse? And yet, pardè, have I many such holpe</p> + <p>with unkyndenesse? And yet, pardè, have I many such holpe</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>and releved, and they have ofte me begyled; but ever, at the ende,</p> <p>it discendeth in their owne nekkes. Hast thou not rad how kinde</p> <p>I was to Paris, Priamus sone of Troy? How Jason me falsed,</p> @@ -4451,7 +4414,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>worthyed kinges in the felde? Who hath honoured ladyes in</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>boure by a perpetuel mirrour of their tr[o]uthe in my service?</p> <p>Who hath caused worthy folk to voyde vyce and shame? Who</p> - <p>hath holde cytees and realmes in prosperitè? If thee liste clepe</p> + <p>hath holde cytees and realmes in prosperitè? If thee liste clepe</p> <p>ayen thyn olde remembraunce, thou coudest every point of this</p> <p>declare in especial; and say that I, thy maistresse, have be cause,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>causing these thinges and many mo other.'</p> @@ -4482,7 +4445,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>wyse they might best their ladies in good service plese; and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>also to lerne maner in countenaunce, in wordes, and in bering,</p> <p>and to ben meke and lowly to every wight, his name and fame to</p> - <p>encrese; and to yeve gret yeftes and large, that his renomè may</p> + <p>encrese; and to yeve gret yeftes and large, that his renomè may</p> <p>springen. But thee therof have I excused; for thy losse and thy</p> <p>grete costages, wherthrough thou art nedy, arn nothing to me</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>unknowen; but I hope to god somtyme it shal ben amended, as</p> @@ -4606,7 +4569,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Gretly was I tho gladded of these wordes, and (as who</p> - <p>saith) wexen somdel light in herte; both for the auctoritè</p> + <p>saith) wexen somdel light in herte; both for the auctoritè</p> <p>of witnesse, and also for sikernesse of helpe of the forsayd</p> <p>beheste, and sayd:—</p> </div> @@ -4725,7 +4688,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>of whiche I never have blisse. There liveth non but he hath</p> <p>disese; your might than that brought me to suche service, that to</p> <p>me is cause of sorowe and of joye. I wonder of your worde that</p> - <p>ye sayn, "to bringen men in-to joye"; and, pardè, ye wete wel</p> + <p>ye sayn, "to bringen men in-to joye"; and, pardè, ye wete wel</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>that defaut ne trespace may not resonably ben put to me-wardes,</p> <p>as fer as my conscience knoweth.</p> </div> @@ -4849,14 +4812,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>she sayd. Comenly the wyse speken esily and softe for many</p> <p>skilles. Oon is, their wordes are the better bileved; and also, in</p> <p>esy spekinge, avysement men may cacche, what to putte forth</p> - <p>and what to holden in. And also, the auctoritè of esy wordes is</p> + <p>and what to holden in. And also, the auctoritè of esy wordes is</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>the more; and eke, they yeven the more understandinge to other</p> <p>intencion of the mater. Right so this lady esely and in a softe</p> <p>maner gan say these wordes.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>¶ 'Mervayle,' quod she, 'greet it is, that by no maner of semblaunt,</p> + <p>¶ 'Mervayle,' quod she, 'greet it is, that by no maner of semblaunt,</p> <p>as fer as I can espye, thou list not to have any recour;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>but ever thou playnest and sorowest, and wayes of remedye, for</p> <p>folisshe wilfulnesse, thee list not to seche. But enquyre of thy</p> @@ -4936,7 +4899,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>extende; and also I am to feble in worldly joyes, any suche</p> <p>jewel to countrevayle. For suche people that worldly joyes han</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>at her wil ben sette at the highest degree, and most in reverence</p> - <p>ben accepted. For false wening maketh felicitè therin to be</p> + <p>ben accepted. For false wening maketh felicitè therin to be</p> <p>supposed; but suche caytives as I am evermore ben hindred.'</p> </div> @@ -4987,7 +4950,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>service; and yet Jupiter by signes, without any speche, had</p> <p>al his purpose ayenst her fathers wil. And many suche mo have</p> <p>ben knitte in trouthe, and yet spake they never togider; for</p> - <p>that is a thing enclosed under secretnesse of privytè, why twey</p> + <p>that is a thing enclosed under secretnesse of privytè, why twey</p> <p>persons entremellen hertes after a sight. The power in knowing,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>of such thinges †to preven, shal nat al utterly be yeven to you</p> <p>beestes; for many thinges, in suche precious maters, ben</p> @@ -5027,23 +4990,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Certes,' quod I, 'it is nothing lich, this world, to tyme</p> - <p>passed; eke this countrè hath oon maner, and another countrè</p> + <p>passed; eke this countrè hath oon maner, and another countrè</p> <p>hath another. And so may nat a man alway putte to his eye the</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>salve that he heled with his hele. For this is sothe: betwixe</p> - <p>two thinges liche, ofte dyversitè is required.'</p> + <p>two thinges liche, ofte dyversitè is required.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Now,' quod she, 'that is sothe; dyversitè of nation, dyversitè of</p> - <p>lawe, as was maked by many resons; for that dyversitè cometh in</p> + <p>'Now,' quod she, 'that is sothe; dyversitè of nation, dyversitè of</p> + <p>lawe, as was maked by many resons; for that dyversitè cometh in</p> <p>by the contrarious malice of wicked people, that han envyous hertes</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>ayenst other. But trewly, my lawe to my servauntes ever hath</p> <p>ben in general, whiche may nat fayle. For right as mannes †lawe</p> <p>that is ordained by many determinacions, may nat be knowe for</p> <p>good or badde, til assay of the people han proved it and [founden]</p> - <p>to what ende it draweth; and than it sheweth the necessitè</p> + <p>to what ende it draweth; and than it sheweth the necessitè</p> <!-- Page 23 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page23"></a>[23]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>therof, or els the impossibilitè: right so the lawe of my servauntes</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>therof, or els the impossibilitè: right so the lawe of my servauntes</p> <p>so wel hath ben proved in general, that hitherto hath it not fayled.</p> </div> @@ -5126,10 +5089,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">125</div></div><p>Thus, by these wayes, shul men ben avaunced; ensample of</p> <p>David, that from keping of shepe was drawen up in-to the order</p> <p>of kingly governaunce; and Jupiter, from a bole, to ben Europes</p> - <p>fere; and Julius Cesar, from the lowest degrè in Rome, to be</p> + <p>fere; and Julius Cesar, from the lowest degrè in Rome, to be</p> <p>mayster of al erthly princes; and Eneas from hel, to be king of</p> <!-- Page 25 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page25"></a>[25]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>the countrè there Rome is now stonding. And so to thee I say;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>the countrè there Rome is now stonding. And so to thee I say;</p> <p>thy grace, by bering ther-after, may sette thee in suche plight,</p> <p>that no jangling may greve the leest tucke of thy hemmes; that</p> <p>[suche] are their †jangles, is nought to counte at a cresse in thy</p> @@ -5200,18 +5163,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>ne to the merytes of their doinges, but only to the aventure of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>fortune; and therafter they yeven their sentence. And some</p> <p>loken the voluntary wil in his herte, and therafter telleth his</p> - <p>jugement; not taking hede to reson ne to the qualitè of the</p> + <p>jugement; not taking hede to reson ne to the qualitè of the</p> <p>doing; as thus. If a man be riche and fulfild with worldly</p> <p>welfulnesse, some commenden it, and sayn it is so lent by juste</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>cause; and he that hath adversitè, they sayn he is weked; and</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>cause; and he that hath adversitè, they sayn he is weked; and</p> <p>hath deserved thilke anoy. The contrarye of these thinges some</p> <!-- Page 26 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page26"></a>[26]</span> - <p>men holden also; and sayn that to the riche prosperitè is purvayed</p> - <p>in-to his confusion; and upon this mater many autoritès</p> + <p>men holden also; and sayn that to the riche prosperitè is purvayed</p> + <p>in-to his confusion; and upon this mater many autoritès</p> <p>of many and greet-witted clerkes they alegen. And some men</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>sayn, though al good estimacion forsake folk that han adversitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>sayn, though al good estimacion forsake folk that han adversitè,</p> <p>yet is it meryte and encrees of his blisse; so that these purposes</p> - <p>am so wonderful in understanding, that trewly, for myn adversitè</p> + <p>am so wonderful in understanding, that trewly, for myn adversitè</p> <p>now, I not how the sentence of the indifferent people wil jugen</p> <p>my fame.'</p> </div> @@ -5235,7 +5198,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>tho sayntes, and good ensample to other misdoers in amendement.</p> <p>How turned the Romayne Zedeoreys fro the Romaynes,</p> <p>to be with Hanibal ayenst his kynde nacion; and afterwardes,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>him seming the Romayns to be at the next degrè of confusion,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>him seming the Romayns to be at the next degrè of confusion,</p> <p>turned to his olde alyes; by whose witte after was Hanibal</p> <p>discomfited. Wherfore, to enfourme you, lady, the maner-why</p> <p>I mene, see now. In my youth I was drawe to ben assentaunt</p> @@ -5247,12 +5210,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>deserved in furthering and mayntenaunce of tho thinges, besyed</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>and laboured, with al my diligence, in werkinge of thilke maters</p> <p>to the ende. And trewly, lady, to telle you the sothe, me rought</p> - <p>litel of any hate of the mighty senatours in thilke citè, ne of</p> + <p>litel of any hate of the mighty senatours in thilke citè, ne of</p> <!-- Page 27 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page27"></a>[27]</span> <p>comunes malice; for two skilles. Oon was, I had comfort to ben</p> <p>in suche plyte, that bothe profit were to me and to my frendes.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>Another was, for commen profit in cominaltee is not but pees and</p> - <p>tranquilitè, with just governaunce, proceden from thilke profit;</p> + <p>tranquilitè, with just governaunce, proceden from thilke profit;</p> <p>sithen, by counsayle of myne inwitte, me thought the firste painted</p> <p>thinges malice and yvel meninge, withouten any good avayling to</p> <p>any people, and of tyrannye purposed. And so, for pure sorowe,</p> @@ -5315,7 +5278,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>comune avauntage they enbolded the passif to take in the</p> <p>actives doinge; and also styred innocentes of conning to crye</p> <p>after thinges, whiche (quod they) may not stande but we ben</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">125</div></div><p>executours of tho maters, and auctoritè of execucion by comen</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">125</div></div><p>executours of tho maters, and auctoritè of execucion by comen</p> <p>eleccion to us be delivered. And that muste entre by strength of</p> <p>your mayntenaunce. For we out of suche degree put, oppression</p> <p>of these olde hindrers shal agayn surmounten, and putten you in</p> @@ -5323,7 +5286,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>The governementes (quod they) of your citè, lefte in the handes</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>The governementes (quod they) of your citè, lefte in the handes</p> <p>of torcencious citezins, shal bringe in pestilence and distruccion</p> <p>to you, good men; and therfore let us have the comune administracion</p> <p>to abate suche yvels. Also (quod they) it is worthy</p> @@ -5386,7 +5349,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">185</div></div><p>knowleged by the parties hem-selfe; and god wot, other mater</p> <p>is non. Ye also, lady, knowe these thinges for trewe; I avaunte</p> <p>not in praysing of my-selfe; therby shulde I lese the precious</p> - <p>secrè of my conscience. But ye see wel that false opinion of the</p> + <p>secrè of my conscience. But ye see wel that false opinion of the</p> <p>people for my trouthe, in telling out of false conspyred maters;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">190</div></div><p>and after the jugement of these clerkes, I shulde not hyde the</p> <p>sothe of no maner person, mayster ne other. Wherfore I wolde</p> @@ -5460,7 +5423,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>'Pardè,' quod I, 'the persones, every thing as I have sayd, han</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>'Pardè,' quod I, 'the persones, every thing as I have sayd, han</p> <p>knowleged hem-selfe.'</p> </div> @@ -5578,7 +5541,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Trewly,' quod she, 'that is sothe, so thou con wel kepe these</p> - <p>wordes, and in the in[ne]rest secrè chambre of thyne herte so</p> + <p>wordes, and in the in[ne]rest secrè chambre of thyne herte so</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>faste hem close that they never flitte; than shalt thou fynde hem</p> <p>avayling. Loke now what people hast thou served; whiche of</p> <p>hem al in tyme of thyne exile ever thee refresshed, by the valewe</p> @@ -5597,7 +5560,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 34 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page34"></a>[34]</span> <p>nat thou for some of her dispences, til they were tourned out of</p> <p>Selande? Who yave thee ever ought for any rydinge thou madest?</p> - <p>Yet, pardè, some of hem token money for thy chambre, and</p> + <p>Yet, pardè, some of hem token money for thy chambre, and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>putte tho pens in his purse, unwetinge of the renter.</p> </div> @@ -5607,7 +5570,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>name that thou supposest of hem for to have. What might thou</p> <p>more have don than thou diddest, but-if thou woldest in a fals</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>quarel have been a stinkinge martyr? I wene thou fleddest, as</p> - <p>longe as thou might, their privitè to counsayle; which thing thou</p> + <p>longe as thou might, their privitè to counsayle; which thing thou</p> <p>hele[de]st lenger than thou shuldest. And thilke that ought thee</p> <p>money no penny wolde paye; they wende thy returne hadde ben</p> <p>an impossible. How might thou better have hem proved, but thus</p> @@ -5686,9 +5649,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>wrathe which I have deserved, so longe as my Margarite hath</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>rightwysed my cause." And certes (quod she) I witnesse my-selfe,</p> <p>if thou, thus converted, sorowest in good meninge in thyne herte,</p> - <p>[and] wolt from al vanitè parfitly departe, in consolacioun of al</p> + <p>[and] wolt from al vanitè parfitly departe, in consolacioun of al</p> <p>good plesaunce of that Margaryte, whiche that thou desyrest after</p> - <p>wil of thyn herte, in a maner of a †moders pitè, [she] shul fully</p> + <p>wil of thyn herte, in a maner of a †moders pitè, [she] shul fully</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>accepte thee in-to grace. For right as thou rentest clothes in</p> <p>open sighte, so openly to sowe hem at his worshippe withouten</p> <p>reprofe [is] commended. Also, right as thou were ensample of</p> @@ -5708,13 +5671,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>thy-selfe, that thou in fourme of making †passest nat Adam that eet</p> <p>of the apple? Thou †passest nat the stedfastnesse of Noe, that</p> <p>eetinge of the grape becom dronke. Thou passest nat the</p> - <p>chastitè of Lothe, that lay by his doughter; eke the nobley of</p> + <p>chastitè of Lothe, that lay by his doughter; eke the nobley of</p> <p>Abraham, whom god reproved by his pryde; also Davides</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>mekenesse, whiche for a woman made Urye be slawe. What?</p> <p>also Hector of Troye, in whom no defaute might be founde, yet</p> <p>is he reproved that he ne hadde with manhode nat suffred the</p> <p>warre begonne, ne Paris to have went in-to Grece, by whom gan</p> - <p>al the sorowe. For trewly, him lacketh no venim of privè</p> + <p>al the sorowe. For trewly, him lacketh no venim of privè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>consenting, whiche that openly leveth a wrong to withsaye.</p> </div> @@ -5738,7 +5701,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Than sayde I right thus: 'Lady of unitè and accorde, envy</p> + <p>Than sayde I right thus: 'Lady of unitè and accorde, envy</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>and wrathe lurken there thou comest in place; ye weten wel</p> <p>your-selve, and so don many other, that whyle I administred the</p> <p>office of commen doinge, as in rulinge of the stablisshmentes</p> @@ -5763,7 +5726,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>may no name be born, in maner of peersing, for many obstacles,</p> <p>as waters, and wildernesse, and straunge langages. And nat only</p> <p>names of men ben stilled and holden out of knowleginge by these</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">100</div></div><p>obstacles, but also citees and realmes of prosperitè ben letted to</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">100</div></div><p>obstacles, but also citees and realmes of prosperitè ben letted to</p> <p>be knowe, and their reson hindred; so that they mowe nat ben</p> <p>parfitly in mennes propre understandinge. How shulde than the</p> <p>name of a singuler Londenoys passe the glorious name of London,</p> @@ -5773,13 +5736,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>among oon maner of people may nat such fame in goodnes</p> <p>come; for as many as praysen, commenly as many lacken. Fy</p> <p>than on such maner fame! Slepe, and suffre him that knoweth</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>previtè of hertes to dele suche fame in thilke place there nothing</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>previtè of hertes to dele suche fame in thilke place there nothing</p> <p>ayenst a sothe shal neither speke ne dare apere, by attourney</p> <p>ne by other maner. How many greet-named, and many greet</p> <p>in worthinesse losed, han be tofore this tyme, that now out</p> <p>of memorie are slidden, and clenely forgeten, for defaute of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>wrytinges! And yet scriptures for greet elde so ben defased, that</p> - <p>no perpetualtè may in hem ben juged. But if thou wolt make</p> + <p>no perpetualtè may in hem ben juged. But if thou wolt make</p> <p>comparisoun to ever, what joye mayst thou have in erthly name?</p> <p>It is a fayr lykenesse, a pees or oon grayn of whete, to a thousand</p> <p>shippes ful of corne charged! What nombre is betwene the</p> @@ -5796,8 +5759,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>in respecte of the other. And so thou sekest reward of folkes</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>smale wordes, and of vayne praysinges. Trewly, therin thou</p> <p>lesest the guerdon of vertue; and lesest the grettest valour of</p> - <p>conscience, and uphap thy renomè everlasting. Therfore boldely</p> - <p>renomè of fame of the erthe shulde be hated, and fame after deth</p> + <p>conscience, and uphap thy renomè everlasting. Therfore boldely</p> + <p>renomè of fame of the erthe shulde be hated, and fame after deth</p> <p>shulde be desyred of werkes of vertue. [Trewly, vertue] asketh</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>guerdoning, and the soule causeth al vertue. Than the soule,</p> <p>delivered out of prison of erthe, is most worthy suche guerdon</p> @@ -5915,7 +5878,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>understanding with aungels; so that in him is knit al maner</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>of lyvinges by a resonable proporcioun. Also man is mad of</p> <p>al the foure elementes. Al universitee is rekened in him alone;</p> - <p>he hath, under god, principalitè above al thinges. Now is his</p> + <p>he hath, under god, principalitè above al thinges. Now is his</p> <p>soule here, now a thousand myle hence; now fer, now nygh;</p> <p>now hye, now lowe; as fer in a moment as in mountenaunce of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>ten winter; and al this is in mannes governaunce and disposicion.</p> @@ -5962,7 +5925,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>do way; they knowe nothing of this. For consent of two hertes</p> <!-- Page 41 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page41"></a>[41]</span> <p>alone maketh the fasteninge of the knotte; neither lawe of kynde</p> - <p>ne mannes lawe determineth neither the age ne the qualitè of</p> + <p>ne mannes lawe determineth neither the age ne the qualitè of</p> <p>persones, but only accord bitwene thilke twaye. And trewly,</p> <p>after tyme that suche accord, by their consent in hert, is enseled,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>and put in my tresorye amonges my privy thinges, than ginneth</p> @@ -5974,7 +5937,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>and yet, toforn ne after, neither of hem bothe mente no flesshly</p> <p>lust knowe. Wherfore the wordes of trouthe acorden that my</p> <p>servauntes shulden forsake bothe †fader and moder, and be adherand</p> - <p>to his spouse; and they two in unitè of one flesshe</p> + <p>to his spouse; and they two in unitè of one flesshe</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>shulden accorde. And this wyse, two that wern firste in a litel</p> <p>maner discordaunt, hygher that oon and lower that other, ben</p> <p>mad evenliche in gree to stonde. But now to enfourme thee</p> @@ -6079,7 +6042,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>men, that arn a fayr parcel of the erthe, and holden the upperest</p> <p>degree, under god, of benigne thinges, as ye sayden right now</p> <p>your-selfe; shulde never man have ben set in so worthy a place</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>but-if his degrè were ordayned noble. Alas! thou that knittest</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>but-if his degrè were ordayned noble. Alas! thou that knittest</p> <p>the purveyaunce of al thinges, why lokest thou not to amenden</p> <p>these defautes? I see shrewes that han wicked maners sitten in</p> <p>chayres of domes, lambes to punisshen, there wolves shulden ben</p> @@ -6107,14 +6070,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Ah! now I see,' quod she, 'th'entent of thy mening! Lo,</p> <p>bycause thy worldly goodes ben fulliche dispent, thou beraft out</p> - <p>of dignitè of office, in whiche thou madest the †gaderinge of thilke</p> + <p>of dignitè of office, in whiche thou madest the †gaderinge of thilke</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>goodes, and yet diddest in that office by counsaile of wyse [before</p> <p>that] any thing were ended; and true were unto hem whos profit</p> <p>thou shuldest loke; and seest now many that in thilke hervest</p> <p>made of thee mokel, and now, for glosing of other, deyneth thee</p> <p>nought to forther, but enhaunsen false shrewes by witnessinge of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>trouthe! These thinges greveth thyn herte, to sene thy-selfe thus</p> - <p>abated; and than, frayltè of mankynde ne setteth but litel by the</p> + <p>abated; and than, frayltè of mankynde ne setteth but litel by the</p> <p>lesers of suche richesse, have he never so moche vertue; and so</p> <p>thou wenest of thy jewel to renne in dispyt, and not ben accepted</p> <p>in-to grace. Al this shal thee nothing hinder. Now (quod she)</p> @@ -6152,7 +6115,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>'For Unsely,' quod she, 'begyleth nat, but sheweth th'entent</p> - <p>of her working. <i>Et e contra</i>: Selinesse begyleth. For in prosperitè</p> + <p>of her working. <i>Et e contra</i>: Selinesse begyleth. For in prosperitè</p> <p>she maketh a jape in blyndnesse; that is, she wyndeth him to</p> <p>make sorowe whan she withdraweth. Wolt thou nat (quod she)</p> <p>preise him better that sheweth to thee his herte, tho[ugh] it be</p> @@ -6182,7 +6145,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>don thee mokel more to winne than ever yet thou lostest, and</p> <p>more than ever the contrary made thee winne? Is nat a greet</p> <p>good, to thy thinking, for to knowe the hertes of thy sothfast</p> - <p>frendes? Pardè, they ben proved to the ful, and the trewe have</p> + <p>frendes? Pardè, they ben proved to the ful, and the trewe have</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>discevered fro the false. Trewly, at the goinge of the ilke brotel</p> <p>joye, ther yede no more away than the ilke that was nat thyn</p> <p>proper. He was never from that lightly departed; thyn owne</p> @@ -6270,7 +6233,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>worke, as I have begonne, in love; after as my thinne wit, with</p> <p>inspiracion of him that hildeth al grace, wol suffre. Grevously,</p> <p>god wot, have I suffred a greet throwe that the Romayne</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>emperour, which in unitè of love shulde acorde, and every with</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>emperour, which in unitè of love shulde acorde, and every with</p> <p>other * * * * in cause of other to avaunce; and namely, sithe</p> <p>this empyre [nedeth] to be corrected of so many sectes in heresie</p> <p>of faith, of service, o[f] rule in loves religion. Trewly, al were</p> @@ -6278,7 +6241,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>For many men there ben that sayn love to be in gravel and sande,</p> <p>that with see ebbinge and flowinge woweth, as riches that sodaynly</p> <p>vanissheth. And some sayn that love shulde be in windy blastes,</p> - <p>that stoundmele turneth as a phane, and glorie of renomè, which</p> + <p>that stoundmele turneth as a phane, and glorie of renomè, which</p> <p>after lustes of the varyaunt people is areysed or stilled.</p> </div> @@ -6290,7 +6253,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>that in okes and in huge postes supposen love to ben grounded,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>as in strength and in might, whiche mowen not helpen their owne</p> <!-- Page 47 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page47"></a>[47]</span> - <p>wrecchidnesse, whan they ginne to falle. But [of] suche diversitè</p> + <p>wrecchidnesse, whan they ginne to falle. But [of] suche diversitè</p> <p>of sectes, ayenst the rightful beleve of love, these errours ben forth</p> <p>spredde, that loves servantes in trewe rule and stedfast fayth in</p> <p>no place daren apere. Thus irrecuperable joy is went, and anoy</p> @@ -6306,8 +6269,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>loves servauntes and professe in his religion of trewe rule pursewen,</p> <p>to confounden and to distroyen. And for as moche as holy †faders,</p> <p>that of our Christen fayth aproved and strengthed to the Jewes, as</p> - <p>to men resonable and of divinitè lerned, proved thilke fayth with</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>resones, and with auctoritès of the olde testament and of the newe,</p> + <p>to men resonable and of divinitè lerned, proved thilke fayth with</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>resones, and with auctoritès of the olde testament and of the newe,</p> <p>her pertinacie to distroy: but to paynims, that for beestes and</p> <p>houndes were holde, to putte hem out of their errour, was †miracle</p> <p>of god shewed. These thinges were figured by cominge of th'angel</p> @@ -6316,12 +6279,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>to people bestial not lerned, wern sent to enforme. But I, lovers</p> <p>clerk, in al my conning and with al my mightes, trewly I have no</p> <p>suche grace in vertue of miracles, ne for no discomfit falsheedes</p> - <p>suffyseth not auctoritès alone; sithen that suche [arn] heretikes</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>and maintaynours of falsitès. Wherfore I wot wel, sithen that</p> + <p>suffyseth not auctoritès alone; sithen that suche [arn] heretikes</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>and maintaynours of falsitès. Wherfore I wot wel, sithen that</p> <p>they ben men, and reson is approved in hem, the clowde of errour</p> <p>hath her reson beyond probable resons, whiche that cacchende</p> <p>wit rightfully may not with-sitte. By my travaylinge studie I have</p> - <p>ordeyned hem, †whiche that auctoritè, misglosed by mannes</p> + <p>ordeyned hem, †whiche that auctoritè, misglosed by mannes</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>reson, to graunt shal ben enduced.</p> </div> @@ -6374,9 +6337,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>this worke have I writte; and to thee, tytled of Loves name,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">100</div></div><p>I have it avowed in a maner of sacrifyse; that, where-ever it be</p> <p>rad, it mowe in merite, by the excellence of thilke name, the</p> - <p>more wexe in authoritè and worshippe of takinge in hede; and to</p> + <p>more wexe in authoritè and worshippe of takinge in hede; and to</p> <!-- Page 49 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page49"></a>[49]</span> - <p>what entent it was ordayned, the inseëres mowen ben moved.</p> + <p>what entent it was ordayned, the inseëres mowen ben moved.</p> <p>Every thing to whom is owande occasion don as for his ende,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>Aristotle supposeth that the actes of every thinge ben in a maner</p> <p>his final cause. A final cause is noblerer, or els even as noble,</p> @@ -6466,7 +6429,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>wolden maystries me have in thilke stoundes. In heven on</p> <p>highe, above Saturnes sphere, in sesonable tyme were they</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>lodged; but now come queynte counsailours that in no house</p> - <p>wol suffre me sojourne, wherof is pitè; and yet sayn some that</p> + <p>wol suffre me sojourne, wherof is pitè; and yet sayn some that</p> <p>they me have in celler with wyne shed; in gernere, there corn is</p> <p>layd covered with whete; in sacke, sowed with wolle; in purse,</p> <p>with money faste knit; among pannes mouled in a †whicche;</p> @@ -6538,7 +6501,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>under suretee ayenst al raveynous foules and beestes, and not to</p> <p>be tyraunt them-selfe." And than the smale, in reste and quiete,</p> <p>by the heedes wel disposed, owen for their soveraynes helth and</p> - <p>prosperitè to pray, and in other doinges in maintenaunce therof</p> + <p>prosperitè to pray, and in other doinges in maintenaunce therof</p> <p>performe, withouten other administracion in rule of any maner</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>governaunce. And they wit have in hem, and grace to come to</p> <p>suche thinges, yet shulde they cese til their heedes them cleped,</p> @@ -6546,14 +6509,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>governaunce ne other medlinge ought they not to clayme, ne</p> <p>the heedes on hem to putte. Trewly, amonges cosinage dar</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">100</div></div><p>I not come, but-if richesse be my mene; sothly, she and other</p> - <p>bodily goodes maketh nigh cosinage, ther never propinquitè ne</p> + <p>bodily goodes maketh nigh cosinage, ther never propinquitè ne</p> <p>alyaunce in lyve was ne shulde have be, nere it for her medling</p> <p>maners; wherfore kindly am I not ther leged. Povert of</p> <p>kinred is behynde; richesse suffreth him to passe; truly he saith,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>he com never of Japhetes childre. Whereof I am sory that</p> <p>Japhetes children, for povert, in no linage ben rekened, and</p> <p>Caynes children, for riches, be maked Japhetes heires. Alas! this</p> - <p>is a wonder chaunge bitwene tho two Noës children, sithen that</p> + <p>is a wonder chaunge bitwene tho two Noës children, sithen that</p> <p>of Japhetes ofspring comeden knightes, and of Cayn discended</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>the lyne of servage to his brothers childre. Lo! how gentillesse</p> <p>and servage, as cosins, bothe discended out of two brethern of</p> @@ -6561,12 +6524,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>kinrede †maketh not gentil linage in succession, without desert</p> <p>of a mans own selfe. Where is now the lyne of Alisaundre the</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>noble, or els of Hector of Troye? Who is discended of right</p> - <p>bloode of lyne fro king Artour? Pardè, sir Perdicas, whom that</p> + <p>bloode of lyne fro king Artour? Pardè, sir Perdicas, whom that</p> <!-- Page 53 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page53"></a>[53]</span> <p>Alisandre made to ben his heire in Grece, was of no kinges</p> <p>bloode; his dame was a tombestere. Of what kinred ben the</p> <p>gentiles in our dayes? I trow therfore, if any good be in gentilesse,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">120</div></div><p>it is only that it semeth a maner of necessitè be input to</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">120</div></div><p>it is only that it semeth a maner of necessitè be input to</p> <p>gentilmen, that they shulden not varyen fro the vertues of their</p> <p>auncestres. Certes, al maner linage of men ben evenliche in</p> <p>birth; for oon †fader, maker of al goodnes, enformed hem al,</p> @@ -6645,7 +6608,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 54 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page54"></a>[54]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>al lignes: who is, that right as emperour hem commaundeth,</p> <p>whether thilke ben not women, in whos lyknesse to me ye aperen?</p> - <p>For right as man halt the principaltè of al thing under his beinge,</p> + <p>For right as man halt the principaltè of al thing under his beinge,</p> <p>in the masculyne gender; and no mo genders ben there</p> <p>but masculyn and femenyne; al the remenaunt ben no gendres but</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>of grace, in facultee of grammer: right so, in the femenyne, the</p> @@ -6662,7 +6625,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And in this degree, lady, your-selfe many hertes of men have</p> <p>so bounden, that parfit blisse in womankynde to ben men wenen,</p> <p>and in nothinge els. Also, lady, the goodnesse, the vertue of</p> - <p>women, by propertè of discrecion, is so wel knowen, by litelnesse</p> + <p>women, by propertè of discrecion, is so wel knowen, by litelnesse</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>of malice, that desyre to a good asker by no waye conne they</p> <p>warne. And ye thanne, that wol not passe the kynde werchinge</p> <p>of your sectes by general discrecion, I wot wel, ye wol so enclyne</p> @@ -6673,10 +6636,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Certes,' quod she, 'thus for the more parte fareth al mankynde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>to praye and to crye after womans grace, and fayne many fantasyes</p> <p>to make hertes enclyne to your desyres. And whan these</p> - <p>sely women, for freeltè of their kynde, beleven your wordes, and</p> + <p>sely women, for freeltè of their kynde, beleven your wordes, and</p> <p>wenen al be gospel the promise of your behestes, than graunt[en]</p> <p>they to you their hertes, and fulfillen your lustes, wherthrough</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>their libertè in maystreship that they toforn had is thralled; and</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>their libertè in maystreship that they toforn had is thralled; and</p> <p>so maked soverayn and to be prayed, that first was servaunt,</p> <p>and voice of prayer used. Anon as filled is your lust, many of you</p> <p>be so trewe, that litel hede take ye of suche kyndnesse; but</p> @@ -6694,7 +6657,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>his wil performed. Lo! the bird is begyled with the mery voice</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>of the foulers whistel. Whan a woman is closed in your nette,</p> <p>than wol ye causes fynden, and bere unkyndenesse her †on</p> - <p>hande, or falsetè upon her putte, your owne malicious trayson</p> + <p>hande, or falsetè upon her putte, your owne malicious trayson</p> <p>with suche thinge to excuse. Lo! than han women non other</p> <p>wreche in vengeaunce, but †blobere and wepe til hem list stint,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>and sorily her mishap complayne; and is put in-to wening that</p> @@ -6706,7 +6669,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I may nat telle, by thousande partes, the wronges in trechery</p> <p>of suche false people; for make they never so good a bond,</p> <p>al sette ye at a myte whan your hert tourneth. And they that</p> - <p>wenen for sorowe of you deye, the pitè of your false herte is flowe</p> + <p>wenen for sorowe of you deye, the pitè of your false herte is flowe</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>out of towne. Alas! therfore, that ever any woman wolde take</p> <p>any wight in her grace, til she knowe, at the ful, on whom she</p> <p>might at al assayes truste! Women con no more craft in queynt</p> @@ -6766,7 +6729,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>a-werke, might thy Margaryte for plesaunce, frendship, ne fayrhede</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">125</div></div><p>of none other, be in poynte moved from thyne herte; wherfore</p> <p>in-to myne housholde hastely I wol that thou entre, and al the</p> - <p>parfit privitè of my werking, make it be knowe in thy understonding,</p> + <p>parfit privitè of my werking, make it be knowe in thy understonding,</p> <p>as oon of my privy familiers. Thou desyrest (quod she)</p> <p>fayn to here of tho thinges there I lefte?'</p> </div> @@ -6833,9 +6796,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Therfore, lady,' quod I tho, 'thilke blisse I have desyred,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>and †soghte toforn this my-selfe, by wayes of riches, of dignitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>and †soghte toforn this my-selfe, by wayes of riches, of dignitè,</p> <!-- Page 58 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page58"></a>[58]</span> - <p>of power, and of renomè, wening me in tho †thinges had ben</p> + <p>of power, and of renomè, wening me in tho †thinges had ben</p> <p>thilke blisse; but ayenst the heer it turneth. Whan I supposed</p> <p>beste thilke blisse have †getten, and come to the ful purpose</p> <p>of your service, sodaynly was I hindred, and throwen so fer</p> @@ -6885,13 +6848,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>fully have understanding in manlich livinges, whiche is holden</p> <p>worldlich in these thinges, so that ignorance be mad no letter,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>I wol (quod she) nempne these forsayd wayes †by names and</p> - <p>conclusions. First riches, dignitè, renomè, and power shul in</p> + <p>conclusions. First riches, dignitè, renomè, and power shul in</p> <p>this worke be cleped bodily goodes; for in hem hath ben, a gret</p> <p>throw, mannes trust of selinesse in love: as in riches, suffisance</p> - <p>to have maintayned that was begonne by worldly catel; in dignitè,</p> + <p>to have maintayned that was begonne by worldly catel; in dignitè,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>honour and reverence of hem that wern underput by maistry</p> - <p>therby to obeye. In renomè, glorie of peoples praising, after</p> - <p>lustes in their hert, without hede-taking to qualitè and maner of</p> + <p>therby to obeye. In renomè, glorie of peoples praising, after</p> + <p>lustes in their hert, without hede-taking to qualitè and maner of</p> <p>doing; and in power, by trouth of lordships mayntenaunce, thing</p> <p>to procede forth in doing. In al whiche thinges a longe tyme</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>mannes coveytise in commune hath ben greetly grounded, to come</p> @@ -6901,7 +6864,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Yes, pardè,' quod I.</p> + <p>'Yes, pardè,' quod I.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -6923,20 +6886,20 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'And wenest nat,' quod she, 'that he that is litel in renomè,</p> + <p>'And wenest nat,' quod she, 'that he that is litel in renomè,</p> <p>but rather is out of the praysinges of mo men than a fewe, be nat</p> <p>in shame?'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'For soth,' quod I, 'it is shame and villany, to him that</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>coveyteth renomè, that more folk nat prayse in name than preise.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>coveyteth renomè, that more folk nat prayse in name than preise.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Soth,' quod she, 'thou sayst soth; but al these thinges are</p> <p>folowed of suche maner doinge, and wenden in riches suffisaunce,</p> - <p>in power might, in dignitè worship, and in renomè glorie; wherfore</p> + <p>in power might, in dignitè worship, and in renomè glorie; wherfore</p> <p>they discended in-to disceyvable wening, and in that service disceit</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>is folowed. And thus, in general, thou and al suche other that so</p> <p>worchen, faylen of my blisse that ye long han desyred. Wherfore</p> @@ -7071,8 +7034,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>wherthrough any thing hath being that is cleped "caused."</p> <p>Than, if richesse †causeth knot in herte, thilke richesse †is cause</p> <p>of thilke precious thinge being. But after the sentence of</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>Aristotle, every cause is more in dignitè than his thinge caused;</p> - <p>wherthrough it foloweth richesse to ben more in dignitè than</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>Aristotle, every cause is more in dignitè than his thinge caused;</p> + <p>wherthrough it foloweth richesse to ben more in dignitè than</p> <p>thilke knot. But richesses arn kyndely naughty, badde, and</p> <p>nedy; and thilke knotte is thing kyndely good, most praysed</p> <p>and desyred. <i>Ergo</i>, thing naughty, badde, and nedy in kyndely</p> @@ -7105,8 +7068,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>richesse, and nothing the yvel; thilke persons, what-ever they</p> <p>ben, wenen that riches is most worthy to be had; and that make</p> <p>they the cause; and so wene they thilke riches be better than the</p> - <p>person. Commenly, suche asken rather after the quantitè than</p> - <p>after the qualitè; and suche wenen, as wel by hem-selfe as by</p> + <p>person. Commenly, suche asken rather after the quantitè than</p> + <p>after the qualitè; and suche wenen, as wel by hem-selfe as by</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>other, that conjunccion of his lyfe and of his soule is no more</p> <p>precious, but in as mikel as he hath of richesse. Alas! how may</p> <p>he holden suche thinges precious or noble, that neither han lyf ne</p> @@ -7145,9 +7108,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>and norisshinge; but if thou wolt holde thee apayd with that</p> <p>suffyseth to thy kynde, thou shalt nat be in daunger of no suche</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>riches; to kynde suffyseth litel thing, who that taketh hede.</p> - <p>And if thou wolt algates with superfluitè of riches be a-throted,</p> + <p>And if thou wolt algates with superfluitè of riches be a-throted,</p> <p>thou shalt hastelich be anoyed, or els yvel at ese. And fairnesse</p> - <p>of feldes ne of habitacions, ne multitude of meynè, may nat be</p> + <p>of feldes ne of habitacions, ne multitude of meynè, may nat be</p> <p>rekened as riches that are thyn owne. For if they be badde, it is</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>greet sclaunder and villany to the occupyer; and if they be good</p> <p>or faire, the mater of the workman that hem made is to prayse.</p> @@ -7253,18 +7216,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Honour in dignitè is wened to yeven a ful knot.'</p> + <p>Honour in dignitè is wened to yeven a ful knot.'</p> <p>'Ye, certes,' quod I, 'and of that opinion ben many;</p> - <p>for they sayn, dignitè, with honour and reverence, causen hertes</p> + <p>for they sayn, dignitè, with honour and reverence, causen hertes</p> <p>to encheynen, and so abled to be knit togither, for the excellence</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>in soverayntè of such degrees.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>in soverayntè of such degrees.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Now,' quod she, 'if dignitè, honour, and reverence causen</p> + <p>'Now,' quod she, 'if dignitè, honour, and reverence causen</p> <p>thilke knotte in herte, this knot is good and profitable. For</p> <p>every cause of a cause is cause of thing caused. Than thus:</p> - <p>good thinges and profitable ben by dignitè, honour, and reverence</p> + <p>good thinges and profitable ben by dignitè, honour, and reverence</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>caused. <i>Ergo</i>, they accorden; and dignites ben good with</p> <p>reverences and honour. But contraries mowen not accorden.</p> <p>Wherfore, by reson, there shulde no dignitee, no reverence, non</p> @@ -7272,7 +7235,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>cause to shrewes in many shreudnes; for with hem they accorden.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p><i>Ergo</i>, from beginning to argue ayenward til it come to the laste</p> <p>conclusion, they are not cause of the knot. Lo, al day at eye arn</p> - <p>shrewes not in reverence, in honour, and in dignitè? Yes, forsothe,</p> + <p>shrewes not in reverence, in honour, and in dignitè? Yes, forsothe,</p> <p>rather than the good. Than foloweth it that shrewes</p> <p>rather than good shul ben cause of this knot. But of this [the]</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>contrarie of al lovers is bileved, and for a sothe openly determined</p> @@ -7287,11 +7250,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'O,' quod she, 'that wol I shewe in manifolde wyse. Ye wene</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>(quod she) that dignites of office here in your citè is as the</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>(quod she) that dignites of office here in your citè is as the</p> <p>sonne; it shyneth bright withouten any cloude; [of] whiche thing,</p> <p>whan they comen in the handes of malicious tirauntes, there</p> <p>cometh moche harm, and more grevaunce therof than of the</p> - <p>wilde fyre, though it brende al a strete. Certes, in dignitè of</p> + <p>wilde fyre, though it brende al a strete. Certes, in dignitè of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>office, the werkes of the occupyer shewen the malice and the</p> <p>badnesse in the person; with shrewes they maken manyfolde</p> <p>harmes, and moche people shamen. How often han rancours,</p> @@ -7303,35 +7266,35 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Ye,' quod I, 'therfore, as dignitè suche thing in tene y-wrought,</p> - <p>so ayenward, the substaunce in dignitè chaunged, relyed to bring</p> + <p>'Ye,' quod I, 'therfore, as dignitè suche thing in tene y-wrought,</p> + <p>so ayenward, the substaunce in dignitè chaunged, relyed to bring</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>ayen good plyte in doing.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Do way, do way,' quod she; 'if it so betyde, but that is</p> - <p>selde, that suche dignitè is betake in a good mannes governaunce,</p> - <p>what thing is to recken in the dignitees goodnesse? Pardè, the</p> + <p>selde, that suche dignitè is betake in a good mannes governaunce,</p> + <p>what thing is to recken in the dignitees goodnesse? Pardè, the</p> <p>bountee and goodnesse is hers that usen it in good governaunce;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>and therfore cometh it that honour and reverence shulde ben</p> - <p>don to dignitè bycause of encresinge vertue in the occupyer,</p> - <p>and not to the ruler bycause of soverayntee in dignitè. Sithen</p> - <p>dignitè may no vertue cause, who is worthy worship for suche</p> - <p>goodnesse? Not dignitè, but person, that maketh goodnesse in</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>dignitè to shyne.'</p> + <p>don to dignitè bycause of encresinge vertue in the occupyer,</p> + <p>and not to the ruler bycause of soverayntee in dignitè. Sithen</p> + <p>dignitè may no vertue cause, who is worthy worship for suche</p> + <p>goodnesse? Not dignitè, but person, that maketh goodnesse in</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>dignitè to shyne.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'This is wonder thing,' quod I; 'for me thinketh, as the person</p> - <p>in dignitè is worthy honour for goodnesse, so, tho[ugh] a person</p> - <p>for badnesse ma[u]gree hath deserved, yet the dignitè leneth to</p> + <p>in dignitè is worthy honour for goodnesse, so, tho[ugh] a person</p> + <p>for badnesse ma[u]gree hath deserved, yet the dignitè leneth to</p> <p>be commended.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>'Let be,' quod she, 'thou errest right foule; dignitè with</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>'Let be,' quod she, 'thou errest right foule; dignitè with</p> <p>badnesse is helper to performe the felonous doing. Pardy, were</p> - <p>it kyndly good, or any propertè of kyndly vertue [that men]</p> + <p>it kyndly good, or any propertè of kyndly vertue [that men]</p> <p>hadden in hem-selfe, shrewes shulde hem never have; with hem</p> <p>shulde they never accorde. Water and fyr, that ben contrarious,</p> <!-- Page 67 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page67"></a>[67]</span> @@ -7342,11 +7305,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Pardy, were they kyndly good, as wel oon as other shulden</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>evenlich in vertue of governaunce ben worthe; but oon fayleth in</p> <p>goodnesse, another doth the contrary; and so it sheweth, kyndly</p> - <p>goodnesse in dignitè nat be grounded. And this same reson</p> + <p>goodnesse in dignitè nat be grounded. And this same reson</p> <p>(quod she) may be mad, in general, on al the bodily goodes;</p> <p>for they comen ofte to throw-out shrewes. After this, he is</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>strong that hath might to have grete burthens, and he is light</p> - <p>and swifte, that hath soveraintè in ronning to passe other; right</p> + <p>and swifte, that hath soveraintè in ronning to passe other; right</p> <p>so he is a shrewe, on whom shreude thinges and badde han most</p> <p>werchinge. And right as philosophy maketh philosophers, and</p> <p>my service maketh lovers, right so, if dignites weren good or</p> @@ -7354,14 +7317,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>and make hem be vertuous. But that they do nat, as it is</p> <p>proved, but causen rancour and debat. <i>Ergo</i>, they be nat good,</p> <p>but utterly badde. Had Nero never ben Emperour, shulde</p> - <p>never his dame have be slayn, to maken open the privitè of his</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>engendrure. Herodes, for his dignitè, slew many children. The</p> - <p>dignitè of king John wolde have distroyed al England. Therfore</p> + <p>never his dame have be slayn, to maken open the privitè of his</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>engendrure. Herodes, for his dignitè, slew many children. The</p> + <p>dignitè of king John wolde have distroyed al England. Therfore</p> <p>mokel wysdom and goodnesse both, nedeth in a person, the</p> - <p>malice in dignitè slyly to brydel, and with a good bitte of arest</p> + <p>malice in dignitè slyly to brydel, and with a good bitte of arest</p> <p>to withdrawe, in case it wolde praunce otherwyse than it shulde.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>Trewly, ye yeve to dignites wrongful names in your cleping.</p> - <p>They shulde hete, nat dignitè, but moustre of badnesse and</p> + <p>They shulde hete, nat dignitè, but moustre of badnesse and</p> <p>mayntenour of shrewes. Pardy, shyne the sonne never so bright,</p> <p>and it bringe forth no hete, ne sesonably the herbes out-bringe of</p> <p>the erthe, but suffre frostes and cold, and the erthe barayne to</p> @@ -7385,7 +7348,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Lo,' quod she, 'the dignites of your citè, sonne and mone,</p> + <p>'Lo,' quod she, 'the dignites of your citè, sonne and mone,</p> <p>nothing in kynde shew their shyning as they shulde. For the</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>sonne made no brenning hete in love, but freesed envye in</p> <p>mennes hertes, for feblenesse of shyning hete; and the moone</p> @@ -7399,8 +7362,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Ye,' quod she, 'but now it is proved at the ful, their beautè in</p> - <p>kyndly shyning fayled; wherfore dignitè of him-selven hath no</p> + <p>'Ye,' quod she, 'but now it is proved at the ful, their beautè in</p> + <p>kyndly shyning fayled; wherfore dignitè of him-selven hath no</p> <p>beautee in fayrnesse, ne dryveth nat awaye vices, but encreseth;</p> <p>and so be they no cause of the knotte. Now see, in good trouth;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>holde ye nat such sonnes worthy of no reverence, and dignites</p> @@ -7435,29 +7398,29 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>his kynde. But though a wight had ben mayre of your city</p> <p>many winter togider, and come in a straunge place there he were</p> <!-- Page 69 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page69"></a>[69]</span> - <p>not knowen, he shulde for his dignitè have no reverence. Than</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>neither worshippe ne reverence is kyndely propre in no dignitè,</p> + <p>not knowen, he shulde for his dignitè have no reverence. Than</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>neither worshippe ne reverence is kyndely propre in no dignitè,</p> <p>sithen they shulden don their kynde in suche doinge, if any were.</p> <p>And if reverence ne worshippe kyndely be not set in dignitees,</p> <p>and they more therein ben shewed than goodnesse, for that in</p> - <p>dignitè is shewed, but it proveth that goodnesse kyndely in hem</p> + <p>dignitè is shewed, but it proveth that goodnesse kyndely in hem</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>is not grounded. I-wis, neither worshippe, ne reverence, ne</p> - <p>goodnesse in dignitè don non office of kynde; for they have non</p> + <p>goodnesse in dignitè don non office of kynde; for they have non</p> <p>suche propertee in nature of doinge but by false opinion of the</p> <p>people. Lo! how somtyme thilke that in your city wern in</p> - <p>dignitè noble, if thou liste hem nempne, they ben now overturned</p> + <p>dignitè noble, if thou liste hem nempne, they ben now overturned</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>bothe in worship, in name, and in reverence; wherfore</p> <p>such dignites have no kyndly werching of worshippe and of</p> <p>reverence. He that hath no worthinesse on it-selfe, now it ryseth</p> <p>and now it vanissheth, after the variaunt opinion in false hertes</p> <p>of unstable people. Wherfore, if thou desyre the knotte of this</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">150</div></div><p>jewel, or els if thou woldest suppose she shulde sette the knotte</p> - <p>on thee for suche maner dignitè, than thou wenest beautee or</p> + <p>on thee for suche maner dignitè, than thou wenest beautee or</p> <p>goodnesse of thilke somwhat encreseth the goodnesse or vertue in</p> <p>the body. But dignite[es] of hemself ben not good, ne yeven</p> <p>reverence ne worshippe by their owne kynde. How shulde they</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">155</div></div><p>than yeve to any other a thing, that by no waye mowe they have</p> - <p>hem-selfe? It is sene in dignitè of the emperour and of many</p> + <p>hem-selfe? It is sene in dignitè of the emperour and of many</p> <p>mo other, that they mowe not of hem-selve kepe their worshippe</p> <p>ne their reverence; that, in a litel whyle, it is now up and now</p> <p>downe, by unstedfaste hertes of the people. What bountee mowe</p> @@ -7539,7 +7502,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>possession had. O! a noble thing and clere is power, that is not</p> <p>founden mighty to kepe him-selfe! Now, trewly, a greet fole is</p> <p>he, that for suche thing wolde sette the knotte in thyne herte!</p> - <p>Also power of rëalmes, is not thilke grettest power amonges the</p> + <p>Also power of rëalmes, is not thilke grettest power amonges the</p> <p>worldly powers reckened? And if suche powers han wrecchednesse</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>in hem-selfe, it foloweth other powers of febler condicion to</p> <p>ben wrecched; and than, that wrecchednesse shulde be cause of</p> @@ -7549,7 +7512,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>in hem-selfe, may right lightly ben preved. If power lacke on</p> <p>any syde, on that syde is no power; but no power is wrecchednesse:</p> <p>for al-be-it so the power of emperours or kinges, or els</p> - <p>of their rëalmes (which is the power of the prince) strecchen</p> + <p>of their rëalmes (which is the power of the prince) strecchen</p> <!-- Page 71 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page71"></a>[71]</span> <p>wyde and brode, yet besydes is ther mokel folk of whiche he</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>hath no commaundement ne lordshippe; and there-as lacketh his</p> @@ -7644,7 +7607,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>the lame ginne stomble, bothe shulde falle, right so suche pillers,</p> <p>so envyroned with helpes, in falling of the grounde fayleth</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>†altogider. How ofte than suche famulers, in their moste pryde</p> - <p>of prosperitè, ben sodainly overthrowen! Thou hast knowe</p> + <p>of prosperitè, ben sodainly overthrowen! Thou hast knowe</p> <p>many in a moment so ferre overthrowe, that cover might they</p> <p>never. Whan the hevinesse of suche fayling cometh by case of</p> <p>fortune, they mowe it not eschue; and might and power, if ther</p> @@ -7653,7 +7616,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>han it, they ben agast; and in no tyme of ful having be they</p> <p>siker! And if they wold weyve drede, as they mow not, litel is</p> <p>in worthines. Fye therfore on so naughty thing, any knot to</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>cause! Lo! in adversitè, thilk ben his foes that glosed and</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>cause! Lo! in adversitè, thilk ben his foes that glosed and</p> <p>semed frendes in welth; thus arn his familiers his foes and his</p> <p>enemyes; and nothing is werse, ne more mighty for to anoy than</p> <p>is a familier enemy; and these thinges may they not weyve; so</p> @@ -7663,7 +7626,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>wrecched complayntes (now think on thy-selfe) trewly he is not</p> <p>mighty; I can seen no way that lyth to the knotte. Thilke</p> <p>people than, that setten their hertes upon suche mightes and</p> - <p>powers, often ben begyled. Pardè, he is not mighty that may do</p> + <p>powers, often ben begyled. Pardè, he is not mighty that may do</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>any thing, that another may doon him the selve, and that men</p> <p>have as greet power over him as he over other. A justice that</p> <p>demeth men ayenward hath ben often demed. Buserus slew his</p> @@ -7711,7 +7674,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>a flye, mokel might in grevaunce and anoying, withouten any</p> <p>withsittinge, for al thilke mannes mightes? And sithen thou</p> <p>seest thyne flesshly body in kyndely power fayle, how shulde than</p> - <p>the accident of a thinge ben in more suretè of beinge than</p> + <p>the accident of a thinge ben in more suretè of beinge than</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>substancial? Wherfore, thilke thinges that we clepe power is but</p> <!-- Page 74 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page74"></a>[74]</span> <p>accident to the flesshly body; and so they may not have that</p> @@ -7752,11 +7715,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Verily it is proved that richesse, dignitè, and power ben not</p> + <p>Verily it is proved that richesse, dignitè, and power ben not</p> <p>trewe way to the knotte, but as rathe by suche thinges the</p> <p>knotte to be unbounde; wherfore on these thinges I rede no</p> <p>wight truste to gette any good knotte. But what shul we saye of</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>renomè in the peoples mouthes? Shulde that ben any cause?</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>renomè in the peoples mouthes? Shulde that ben any cause?</p> <p>What supposest thou in thyn herte?'</p> </div> @@ -7772,9 +7735,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Fayn,' quod I, 'wolde I that here; me thinketh wonder how</p> - <p>renomè shuld as wel knitte a shrewe as a good person; renomè</p> + <p>renomè shuld as wel knitte a shrewe as a good person; renomè</p> <p>in every degree hath avaunced; yet wist I never the contrarye.</p> - <p>Shulde than renomè accorde with a shrewe? It may not sinke in</p> + <p>Shulde than renomè accorde with a shrewe? It may not sinke in</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>my stomake til I here more.'</p> </div> @@ -7809,7 +7772,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'The goodnesse,' quod she, 'of a person may not ben knowe</p> - <p>outforth but by renomè of the knowers; wherfore he must be</p> + <p>outforth but by renomè of the knowers; wherfore he must be</p> <p>renomed of goodnesse, to come to the knot.'</p> </div> @@ -7822,7 +7785,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Sothly,' quod she, 'that were greet harm, but-if a good man</p> <p>might have his desyres in service of thilke knot, and a shrewe to</p> <p>be †weyved, and they ben not knowen in general but by lacking</p> - <p>and praysing, and in renomè; and so by the consequence it</p> + <p>and praysing, and in renomè; and so by the consequence it</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>foloweth, a shrewe to ben praysed and knit; and a good to be</p> <p>forsake and unknit.'</p> </div> @@ -7838,13 +7801,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Nay,' quod she, 'and that shalt thou see as yerne; these</p> <p>elementes han contrarious qualitees in kynde, by whiche they</p> <p>mowe not acorde no more than good and badde; and in [some]</p> - <p>qualitees they acorde, so that contraries by qualitè acorden by</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>qualitè. Is not erthe drye; and water, that is next and bitwene</p> + <p>qualitees they acorde, so that contraries by qualitè acorden by</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>qualitè. Is not erthe drye; and water, that is next and bitwene</p> <p>th'erthe, is wete? Drye and wete ben contrarie, and mowen not</p> <p>acorde, and yet this discordaunce is bounde to acorde by cloudes;</p> <p>for bothe elementes ben colde. Right so the eyre, that is next</p> <p>the water, is wete; and eke it is hot. This eyre by his hete</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>contrarieth water that is cold; but thilke contrarioustè is oned †by</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>contrarieth water that is cold; but thilke contrarioustè is oned †by</p> <p>moysture; for bothe be they moyst. Also the fyr, that is next</p> <p>the †eyre and it encloseth al about, is drye, wherthrough it</p> <p>contrarieth †eyre, that is wete; and in hete they acorde; for</p> @@ -7857,7 +7820,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>praysed of some; wherfore their contrarioustee acorde bothe by</p> <p>lacking and praysing. Than foloweth it, though good be never</p> <p>so mokel praysed, [it] oweth more to ben knit than the badde;</p> - <p>or els bad, for the renomè that he hath, must be taken as wel as</p> + <p>or els bad, for the renomè that he hath, must be taken as wel as</p> <p>the good; and that oweth not.'</p> </div> @@ -7866,11 +7829,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Wel,' quod she, 'than is renomè no way to the knot. Lo,</p> - <p>foole,' quod she, 'how clerkes wryten of suche glorie of renomè:—"O</p> + <p>'Wel,' quod she, 'than is renomè no way to the knot. Lo,</p> + <p>foole,' quod she, 'how clerkes wryten of suche glorie of renomè:—"O</p> <!-- Page 76 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page76"></a>[76]</span> <p>glorie, glorie, thou art non other thing to thousandes of folke</p> - <p>but a greet sweller of eeres!" Many oon hath had ful greet renomè</p> + <p>but a greet sweller of eeres!" Many oon hath had ful greet renomè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>by false opinion of variaunt people. And what is fouler than</p> <p>folk wrongfully to ben praysed, or by malice of the people giltlesse</p> <p>lacked? Nedes shame foloweth therof to hem that with wrong</p> @@ -7879,25 +7842,25 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>Good child (quod she) what echeth suche renomè to the</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>Good child (quod she) what echeth suche renomè to the</p> <p>conscience of a wyse man, that loketh and mesureth his goodnesse,</p> <p>not by slevelesse wordes of the people, but by sothfastnesse</p> <p>of conscience? By god, nothing. And if it be fayr, a mans name</p> <p>be eched by moche folkes praysing, and fouler thing that mo folk</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>not praysen? I sayd to thee a litel here-beforn, that no folk in</p> - <p>straunge countreyes nought praysen; suche renomè may not</p> + <p>straunge countreyes nought praysen; suche renomè may not</p> <p>comen to their eeres, bycause of unknowing and other obstacles,</p> <p>as I sayde: wherfore more folk not praysen, and that is right foul</p> - <p>to him that renomè desyreth, to wete, lesse folk praisen than</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>renomè enhaunce. I trowe, the thank of a people is naught</p> + <p>to him that renomè desyreth, to wete, lesse folk praisen than</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>renomè enhaunce. I trowe, the thank of a people is naught</p> <p>worth in remembraunce to take; ne it procedeth of no wyse</p> <p>jugement; never is it stedfast pardurable. It is veyne and fleing;</p> <p>with winde wasteth and encreseth. Trewly, suche glorie ought to</p> - <p>be hated. If gentillesse be a cleer thing, renomè and glorie to</p> + <p>be hated. If gentillesse be a cleer thing, renomè and glorie to</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>enhaunce, as in reckening of thy linage, than is gentilesse of thy</p> <p>kinne; for-why it semeth that gentilesse of thy kinne is but</p> - <p>praysing and renomè that come of thyne auncestres desertes:</p> - <p>and if so be that praysing and renomè of their desertes make</p> + <p>praysing and renomè that come of thyne auncestres desertes:</p> + <p>and if so be that praysing and renomè of their desertes make</p> <p>their clere gentillesse, than mote they nedes ben gentil for their</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>gentil dedes, and not thou; for of thy-selfe cometh not such</p> <p>maner gentilesse, praysinge of thy desertes. Than gentillesse of</p> @@ -7939,7 +7902,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>hast thou fayled. No wight, I wene, blameth him that stinteth</p> <p>in misgoing, and secheth redy way of his blisse. Now me</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>thinketh (quod she) that it suffyseth in my shewing; the wayes</p> - <p>by dignetè, richesse, renomè, and power, if thou loke clerely, arn</p> + <p>by dignetè, richesse, renomè, and power, if thou loke clerely, arn</p> <p>no wayes to the knotte.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -7985,7 +7948,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>clepen "armony"; but that is not in brekinge of voice, but it is</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>a maner swete thing of kyndely werching, that causeth joye[s]</p> <p>out of nombre to recken, and that is joyned by reson and by</p> - <p>wysdome in a quantitè of proporcion of knitting. God made al</p> + <p>wysdome in a quantitè of proporcion of knitting. God made al</p> <p>thing in reson and in witte of proporcion of melody, we mowe not</p> <p>suffyse to shewe. It is written by grete clerkes and wyse, that,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>in erthly thinges, lightly by studye and by travayle the knowinge</p> @@ -8062,7 +8025,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>many good dedes. Every cause is more and worthier than thing</p> <p>caused; and in that mores possession al thinges lesse ben</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>compted. As the king is more than his people, and hath in</p> - <p>possession al his rëalme after, right so the knot is more than</p> + <p>possession al his rëalme after, right so the knot is more than</p> <p>al other goodes; thou might recken al thinges lasse; and that</p> <p>to him longeth, oweth in-to his mores cause of worship and of</p> <p>wil †to turne; it is els rebel and out of his mores defending to</p> @@ -8145,7 +8108,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>maken and darke †weders, with gret tempestes and huge,</p> <p>maketh the mery dayes with softe shyning sonnes. Also the</p> <p>yere with-draweth floures and beautee of herbes and of erth;</p> - <p>the same †yere maketh springes and jolitè in Vere so to renovel</p> + <p>the same †yere maketh springes and jolitè in Vere so to renovel</p> <p>with peinted coloures, that erthe semeth as gay as heven. Sees</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>that blasteth and with wawes throweth shippes, of whiche the</p> <p>living creatures for greet peril for hem dreden; right so, the</p> @@ -8154,7 +8117,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>thou not (quod she) lerned in thy youth, that Jupiter hath in</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>his warderobe bothe garmentes of joye and of sorowe? What</p> <p>wost thou how soone he wol turne of the garment of care,</p> - <p>and clothe thee in blisse? Pardè, it is not ferre fro thee. Lo,</p> + <p>and clothe thee in blisse? Pardè, it is not ferre fro thee. Lo,</p> <p>an olde proverbe aleged by many wyse:—"Whan bale is greetest,</p> <p>than is bote a nye-bore." Wherof wilt thou dismaye? Hope</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>wel and serve wel; and that shal thee save, with thy good bileve.'</p> @@ -8203,7 +8166,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>thou appertly, thy sorowe in-to wele mot ben chaunged; wherfore</p> <p>in suche case to better syde evermore enclyne thou shuldest.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">180</div></div><p>Trewly, next the ende of sorowe anon entreth joy; by maner</p> - <p>of necessitè it wol ne may non other betyde; and so thy conti[n]gence</p> + <p>of necessitè it wol ne may non other betyde; and so thy conti[n]gence</p> <p>is disproved; if thou holde this opinion any more, thy</p> <p>wit is right leude. Wherfore, in ful conclusion of al this, thilke</p> <p>Margaryte thou desyrest hath ben to thee dere in thy herte, and</p> @@ -8310,9 +8273,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>grete and worthy, yet had I a fair parcel, as me thought, for the</p> <p>tyme, in forthering of my sustenaunce; whiche while it dured,</p> <p>I thought me havinge mokel hony to myne estat. I had richesse</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>suffisauntly to weyve nede; I had dignitè to be reverenced in</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>suffisauntly to weyve nede; I had dignitè to be reverenced in</p> <p>worship. Power me thought that I had to kepe fro myne enemyes,</p> - <p>and me semed to shyne in glorie of renomè as manhood asketh</p> + <p>and me semed to shyne in glorie of renomè as manhood asketh</p> <p>in mene; for no wight in myne administracion coude non yvels</p> <p>ne trechery by sothe cause on me putte. Lady, your-selve</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>weten wel, that of tho confederacies maked by my soverains</p> @@ -8329,8 +8292,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>Every of tho joyes is tourned in-to his contrary. For richesse,</p> - <p>now have I povertè; for dignitè, now am I emprisoned; in</p> - <p>stede of power, wrecchednesse I suffre; and for glorie of renomè,</p> + <p>now have I povertè; for dignitè, now am I emprisoned; in</p> + <p>stede of power, wrecchednesse I suffre; and for glorie of renomè,</p> <p>I am now dispysed and foulich hated. Thus hath farn Fortune,</p> <p>that sodaynly am I overthrowen, and out of al welth dispoyled.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>Trewly, me thinketh this way in entree is right hard; god graunt</p> @@ -8346,13 +8309,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 85 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page85"></a>[85]</span> <p>Shame (quod she) it is to say, thou lyest in thy wordes. Thou</p> <p>ne hast wist but right fewe that these bodily goodes had al atones;</p> - <p>commenly they dwellen nat togider. He that plentè hath in riches,</p> + <p>commenly they dwellen nat togider. He that plentè hath in riches,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>of his kinne is ashamed; another of linage right noble and wel</p> <p>knowe, but povert him handleth; he were lever unknowe.</p> - <p>Another hath these, but renomè of peoples praysing may he nat</p> + <p>Another hath these, but renomè of peoples praysing may he nat</p> <p>have; overal he is hated and defamed of thinges right foule.</p> - <p>Another is fair and semely, but dignitè him fayleth; and he that</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>hath dignitè is croked or lame, or els misshapen and foully dispysed.</p> + <p>Another is fair and semely, but dignitè him fayleth; and he that</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>hath dignitè is croked or lame, or els misshapen and foully dispysed.</p> <p>Thus partable these goodes dwellen commenly; in one</p> <p>houshold ben they but silde. Lo! how wrecched is your truste</p> <p>on thing that wol nat accorde! Me thinketh, thou clepest thilke</p> @@ -8510,7 +8473,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And a man, to be a maister over him-selfe, liveth in vertu and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>in goodnesse, and as reson of vertue techeth. So the soule and the</p> <p>body, worching vertue togider, liven resonable lyf, whiche clerkes</p> - <p>clepen "felicitè in living"; and therein is the hye way to this knot.</p> + <p>clepen "felicitè in living"; and therein is the hye way to this knot.</p> <p>These olde philosophers, that hadden no knowing of divine grace,</p> <p>of kyndly reson alone, wenden that of pure nature, withouten any</p> <!-- Page 88 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page88"></a>[88]</span> @@ -8536,15 +8499,15 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Ye,' quod I, 'shal he have both knot, riches, power, dignitè,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>and renomè in this maner way?'</p> + <p>'Ye,' quod I, 'shal he have both knot, riches, power, dignitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>and renomè in this maner way?'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Ye,' quod she, 'that shal I shewe thee. Is he nat riche that</p> <p>hath suffisaunce, and hath the power that no man may amaistrien?</p> - <p>Is nat greet dignitè to have worship and reverence? And hath</p> - <p>he nat glorie of renomè, whos name perpetual is during, and out</p> + <p>Is nat greet dignitè to have worship and reverence? And hath</p> + <p>he nat glorie of renomè, whos name perpetual is during, and out</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>of nombre in comparacion?'</p> </div> @@ -8591,13 +8554,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>and †is nat overcomen. Suche thing that may nat be a-maistred,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>he hath nede to nothing; for he hath suffisaunce y-now, to helpe</p> <p>him-selfe. And thilke thing that thus hath power and suffisance,</p> - <p>and no tyrant may it reve, and hath dignitè to sette at nought al</p> - <p>thinges, here it is a greet dignitè, that deth may a-maistry. Wherfore</p> - <p>thilke power [with] suffisaunce, so enclosed with dignitè, by</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>al reson renomè must have. This is thilke riches with suffisaunce</p> - <p>ye sholde loke after; this is thilke worshipful dignitè ye shulde</p> + <p>and no tyrant may it reve, and hath dignitè to sette at nought al</p> + <p>thinges, here it is a greet dignitè, that deth may a-maistry. Wherfore</p> + <p>thilke power [with] suffisaunce, so enclosed with dignitè, by</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>al reson renomè must have. This is thilke riches with suffisaunce</p> + <p>ye sholde loke after; this is thilke worshipful dignitè ye shulde</p> <p>coveyte; this is thilke power of might, in whiche ye shulde truste;</p> - <p>this is the ilke renomè of glorie that endlesse endureth; and al</p> + <p>this is the ilke renomè of glorie that endlesse endureth; and al</p> <p>nis but substaunce in vertuous lyving.'</p> </div> @@ -8611,7 +8574,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>florisshing vertue of pacience, that she used nothing in yvel, to</p> <p>quyte the wicked lesinges that false tonges ofte in her have laid,</p> <p>I have seye it my-selfe, goodly foryevenesse hath spronge out of</p> - <p>her herte. Unitè and accord, above al other thinges, she</p> + <p>her herte. Unitè and accord, above al other thinges, she</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>desyreth in a good meke maner; and suffereth many wicked</p> <p>tales.</p> </div> @@ -8668,7 +8631,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>mightest nat be holpen as thou wenest, bycause that vertue in</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>thee fayleth; and this blisse parfitly without vertue may nat be</p> <p>goten; thou wenest of these wordes contradiccion to folowe.</p> - <p>Pardè, at the hardest, I have no servant but he be vertuous in</p> + <p>Pardè, at the hardest, I have no servant but he be vertuous in</p> <p>dede and thought. I brought thee in my service, yet art thou</p> <p>nat my servant; but I say, thou might so werche in vertue herafter,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">120</div></div><p>that than shalt thou be my servant, and as for my servant</p> @@ -8892,7 +8855,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>and vertue in this Margaryte ben printed, yet some men</p> <p>there ben that no goodnesse speken; and, wher-ever your wordes</p> <p>ben herd and your resons ben shewed, suche yvel spekers, lady,</p> - <p>by auctoritè of your excellence, shullen be stopped and ashamed!</p> + <p>by auctoritè of your excellence, shullen be stopped and ashamed!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>And more, they that han non aquayntaunce in her persone, yet</p> <p>mowe they knowe her vertues, and ben the more enfourmed in</p> <p>what wyse they mowe sette their hertes, whan hem liste in-to your</p> @@ -8961,7 +8924,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Thus,' quod she, 'I wol declare. Everiche qualitè and every</p> + <p>'Thus,' quod she, 'I wol declare. Everiche qualitè and every</p> <p>accion, and every thing that hath any maner of beinge, it is of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>god; and god it made, of whom is al goodnesse and al being.</p> <p>Of him is no badnesse. Badde to be, is naught; good to be,</p> @@ -8989,7 +8952,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>being, so is it good thorow being; for it is naught other to be.</p> <p>And every thing, though it be good, is not of him-selfe good;</p> <p>but it is good by that it is ordinable to the greet goodnesse.</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>This dualitè, after clerkes †determinison, is founden in every</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>This dualitè, after clerkes †determinison, is founden in every</p> <p>creature, be it never so single of onhed.'</p> </div> @@ -9063,7 +9026,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>How shulde mercy ben proved, and no trespas were, by due</p> <p>justification, to be punisshed? Therfore grace and goodnesse of</p> <p>a wight is founde; the sorouful hertes in good meninge to endure,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>ben comforted; unitè and acord bitwene hertes knit in joye to</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>ben comforted; unitè and acord bitwene hertes knit in joye to</p> <p>abyde. What? wenest thou I rejoyce or els accompte him among</p> <p>my servauntes that pleseth Pallas in undoinge of Mercurye, al-be-it</p> <p>that to Pallas he be knit by tytle of lawe, not according to</p> @@ -9197,7 +9160,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>course of good mening I returne thy mynde. I trowe, ne had</p> <p>I shewed thee thy Margaryte, thou haddest never returned. Of</p> <p>first in good parfit joye was ever fayned love impacient, as the</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>water of Siloë, whiche evermore floweth with stilnesse and privy</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>water of Siloë, whiche evermore floweth with stilnesse and privy</p> <p>noyse til it come nighe the brinke, and than ginneth it so out of</p> <p>mesure to bolne, with novelleries of chaunging stormes, that in</p> <p>course of every renning it is in pointe to spille al his circuit of</p> @@ -9231,11 +9194,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>disese fallen, by hope of amendement in the laste ende, with joye</p> <p>to be gladded. Wherfore, of kynde pure, her mercy with grace</p> <p>of good helpe shal she graunte; and els I shal her so strayne,</p> - <p>that with pitè shal she ben amaystred. Remembre in thyne</p> + <p>that with pitè shal she ben amaystred. Remembre in thyne</p> <p>herte how horribly somtyme to thyne Margaryte thou trespasest,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>and in a grete wyse ayenst her thou forfeytest! Clepe ayen thy</p> <p>mynde, and know thyne owne giltes. What goodnesse, what</p> - <p>bountee, with mokel folowing pitè founde thou in that tyme?</p> + <p>bountee, with mokel folowing pitè founde thou in that tyme?</p> <p>Were thou not goodly accepted in-to grace? By my pluckinge</p> <p>was she to foryevenesse enclyned. And after, I her styred to</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>drawe thee to house; and yet wendest thou utterly for ever</p> @@ -9262,7 +9225,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p><b>¶ Thus endeth the seconde book, and here after foloweth</b></p> + <p><b>¶ Thus endeth the seconde book, and here after foloweth</b></p> <p><b>the thirde book.</b></p> </div> </div> @@ -9323,7 +9286,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>in erthe; and in the thirde aroos, shewing our resurreccion to</p> <p>joye and blisse of tho that it deserven, by his merciable grace.</p> <p>So this leude book, in three maters, accordaunt to tho tymes,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>lightly by a good inseër may ben understonde; as in the firste,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>lightly by a good inseër may ben understonde; as in the firste,</p> <p>Errour of misse-goinge is shewed, with sorowful pyne punisshed,</p> <p>†that cryed after mercy. In the seconde, is Grace in good waye</p> <p>proved, whiche is faylinge without desert, thilke first misse</p> @@ -9366,7 +9329,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>non-certayn, and hid from mens very knowleging, and by no parfit</p> <p>reson fully declared, as thus: if the sonne be so mokel as men</p> <p>wenen, or els if it be more than the erthe. For in sothnesse the</p> - <p>certayn quantitè of that planet is unknowen to erthly dwellers; and</p> + <p>certayn quantitè of that planet is unknowen to erthly dwellers; and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>yet by opinion of some men it is holden for more than midle-erth.</p> </div> @@ -9405,10 +9368,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Ordre of homly thinges and honest maner of livinge in vertue,</p> <p>with rightful jugement in causes and profitable administracion in</p> <p>comminaltees of realmes and citees, by evenhed profitably to</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>raigne, nat by singuler avauntage ne by privè envy, ne by soleyn</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>raigne, nat by singuler avauntage ne by privè envy, ne by soleyn</p> <p>purpos in covetise of worship or of goodes, ben disposed in open</p> <p>rule shewed, by love, philosophy, and lawe, and yet love, toforn</p> - <p>al other. Wherfore as sustern in unitè they accorden, and oon</p> + <p>al other. Wherfore as sustern in unitè they accorden, and oon</p> <p>ende, that is, pees and rest, they causen norisshinge; and in the</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>joye maynteynen to endure.</p> </div> @@ -9460,14 +9423,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>of al these maters is the lest clere understanding, to weten, at</p> <p>th'ende of this thirde boke; ful knowing, thorow goddes grace,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>I thinke to make neverthelater. Yet if these thinges han a good</p> - <p>and a †sleigh inseër, whiche that can souke hony of the harde</p> + <p>and a †sleigh inseër, whiche that can souke hony of the harde</p> <p>stone, oyle of the drye rocke, [he] may lightly fele nobley of mater</p> <p>in my leude imaginacion closed. But for my book shal be of</p> <p>joye (as I sayd), and I [am] so fer set fro thilke place fro whens</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>gladnesse shulde come; my corde is to short to lete my boket</p> <p>ought cacche of that water; and fewe men be abouten my corde</p> <p>to eche, and many in ful purpos ben redy it shorter to make, and</p> - <p>to enclose th' entrè, that my boket of joye nothing shulde cacche,</p> + <p>to enclose th' entrè, that my boket of joye nothing shulde cacche,</p> <p>but empty returne, my careful sorowes to encrese: (and if I dye</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">150</div></div><p>for payne, that were gladnesse at their hertes): good lord, send</p> <p>me water in-to the cop of these mountayns, and I shal drinke</p> @@ -9645,7 +9608,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>First, that he do good; next, that he do [it] by eleccion in his</p> <p>owne herte; and the thirde, that he do godly, withouten any</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>surquedry in thoughtes. That your werkes shulden be good, in</p> - <p>service or in any other actes, authoritès many may be aleged;</p> + <p>service or in any other actes, authoritès many may be aleged;</p> <p>neverthelater, by reson thus may it be shewed. Al your werkes</p> <p>be cleped seconde, and moven in vertue of the firste wercher,</p> <p>whiche in good workes wrought you to procede; and right so</p> @@ -9723,7 +9686,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>that is cleped justice, [may] after-reward clayme. For lawe and</p> <p>justice was ordayned in this wyse, suche desertes in goodnesse,</p> <!-- Page 110 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page110"></a>[110]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">125</div></div><p>after quantitè in doinge, by mede to rewarde; and of necessitè of</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">125</div></div><p>after quantitè in doinge, by mede to rewarde; and of necessitè of</p> <p>suche justice, that is to say, rightwysenesse, was free choice in</p> <p>deserving of wel or of yvel graunted to resonable creatures.</p> <p>Every man hath free arbitrement to chose, good or yvel to</p> @@ -9746,30 +9709,30 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Hath every man,' quod I, 'free choice by necessary maner of</p> <p>wil in every of his doinges that him lyketh, by goddes proper</p> <p>purvyaunce? I wolde see that wel declared to my leude understanding;</p> - <p>for "necessary" and "necessitè" ben wordes of mokel</p> + <p>for "necessary" and "necessitè" ben wordes of mokel</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>entencion, closing (as to saye) so mote it be nedes, and otherwyse</p> <p>may it nat betyde.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'This shalt thou lerne,' quod she, 'so thou take hede in my</p> - <p>speche. If it were nat in mannes owne libertè of free wil to do</p> + <p>speche. If it were nat in mannes owne libertè of free wil to do</p> <p>good or bad, but to the one teyed by bonde of goddes preordinaunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>than, do he never so wel, it were by nedeful compulcion</p> <p>of thilk bonde, and nat by free choice, wherby nothing he</p> <p>desyreth: and do he never so yvel, it were nat man for to wyte,</p> <p>but onlich to him that suche thing ordayned him to done.</p> <p>Wherfore he ne ought for bad[de] be punisshed, ne for no good</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">150</div></div><p>dede be rewarded; but of necessitè of rightwisnesse was therfore</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">150</div></div><p>dede be rewarded; but of necessitè of rightwisnesse was therfore</p> <p>free choice of arbitrement put in mans proper disposicion. Truely,</p> - <p>if it were otherwyse, it contraried goddes charitè, that badnesse</p> + <p>if it were otherwyse, it contraried goddes charitè, that badnesse</p> <p>and goodnesse rewardeth after desert of payne or of mede.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Me thinketh this wonder,' quod I; 'for god by necessitè</p> + <p>'Me thinketh this wonder,' quod I; 'for god by necessitè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">155</div></div><p>forwot al thinges coming, and so mote it nedes be; and thilke</p> - <p>thinges that ben don †by our free choice comen nothing of necessitè</p> + <p>thinges that ben don †by our free choice comen nothing of necessitè</p> <p>but only †by wil. How may this stonde †togider? And so</p> <p>me thinketh truely, that free choice fully repugneth goddes</p> <p>forweting. Trewly, lady, me semeth, they mowe nat stande</p> @@ -9823,7 +9786,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>wordes. For if god wol, I shal hem so enforme to thee, that thy</p> <p>leudnesse which I have understande in that mater shal openly be</p> <p>clered, and thy sight in ful loking therin amended. First, if thou</p> - <p>thinke that goddes prescience repugne libertè of arbitrement, it is</p> + <p>thinke that goddes prescience repugne libertè of arbitrement, it is</p> <p>impossible that they shulde accorde in onheed of sothe to</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>understonding.'</p> </div> @@ -9838,14 +9801,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Shewe me the absence of that impossibilitè,' quod I.</p> + <p>'Shewe me the absence of that impossibilitè,' quod I.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>'So,' quod she, 'I shal. Now I suppose that they mowe</p> - <p>stande togider: prescience of god, whom foloweth necessitè of</p> - <p>thinges comming, and libertè of arbitrement, thorow whiche thou</p> - <p>belevest many thinges to be without necessitè.'</p> + <p>stande togider: prescience of god, whom foloweth necessitè of</p> + <p>thinges comming, and libertè of arbitrement, thorow whiche thou</p> + <p>belevest many thinges to be without necessitè.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -9872,24 +9835,24 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'That I shal,' quod she; 'for somthing is comming without</p> - <p>necessitè, and god wot that toforn; for al thing comming he</p> - <p>before wot, and that he beforn wot of necessitè is comming, as</p> + <p>necessitè, and god wot that toforn; for al thing comming he</p> + <p>before wot, and that he beforn wot of necessitè is comming, as</p> <p>he beforn wot be the case by necessary maner; or els, thorow</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>necessitè, is somthing to be without necessitè; and wheder, to</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>necessitè, is somthing to be without necessitè; and wheder, to</p> <p>every wight that hath good understanding, is seen these thinges</p> - <p>to be repugnaunt: prescience of god, whiche that foloweth necessitè,</p> - <p>and libertè of arbitrement, fro whiche is removed necessitè?</p> + <p>to be repugnaunt: prescience of god, whiche that foloweth necessitè,</p> + <p>and libertè of arbitrement, fro whiche is removed necessitè?</p> <p>For truely, it is necessary that god have forweting of thing withouten</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>any necessitè cominge.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>any necessitè cominge.'</p> <!-- Page 112 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page112"></a>[112]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Ye,' quod I; 'but yet remeve ye nat away fro myne understanding</p> - <p>the necessitè folowing goddes be foreweting, as thus. God</p> + <p>the necessitè folowing goddes be foreweting, as thus. God</p> <p>beforn wot me in service of love to be bounden to this Margarite-perle,</p> - <p>and therfore by necessitè thus to love am I bounde; and</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>if I had nat loved, thorow necessitè had I ben kept from al</p> + <p>and therfore by necessitè thus to love am I bounde; and</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>if I had nat loved, thorow necessitè had I ben kept from al</p> <p>love-dedes.'</p> </div> @@ -9898,69 +9861,69 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>to declare, I thinke here-in wel to abyde, and not lightly to passe.</p> <p>Thou shalt not (quod she) say al-only, "god beforn wot me to be</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>a lover or no lover," but thus: "god beforn wot me to be a lover</p> - <p>without necessitè." And so foloweth, whether thou love or not love,</p> - <p>every of hem is and shal be. But now thou seest the impossibilitè</p> - <p>of the case, and the possibilitè of thilke that thou wendest</p> + <p>without necessitè." And so foloweth, whether thou love or not love,</p> + <p>every of hem is and shal be. But now thou seest the impossibilitè</p> + <p>of the case, and the possibilitè of thilke that thou wendest</p> <p>had been impossible; wherfore the repugnaunce is adnulled.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>'Ye,' quod I; 'and yet do ye not awaye the strength of necessitè,</p> - <p>whan it is said, th[r]ough necessitè it is me in love to</p> - <p>abyde, or not to love without necessitè for god beforn wot it.</p> - <p>This maner of necessitè forsothe semeth to some men in-to coaccion,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>'Ye,' quod I; 'and yet do ye not awaye the strength of necessitè,</p> + <p>whan it is said, th[r]ough necessitè it is me in love to</p> + <p>abyde, or not to love without necessitè for god beforn wot it.</p> + <p>This maner of necessitè forsothe semeth to some men in-to coaccion,</p> <p>that is to sayne, constrayning, or else prohibicion, that is,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>defendinge; wherfore necessitè is me to love of wil. I understande</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>defendinge; wherfore necessitè is me to love of wil. I understande</p> <p>me to be constrayned by some privy strength to the wil</p> <p>of lovinge; and if [I] no[t] love, to be defended from the wil of</p> - <p>lovinge: and so thorow necessitè me semeth to love, for I love;</p> + <p>lovinge: and so thorow necessitè me semeth to love, for I love;</p> <p>or els not to love, if I not love; wherthrough neither thank ne</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>maugrè in tho thinges may I deserve.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>maugrè in tho thinges may I deserve.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Now,' quod she, 'thou shalt wel understande, that often we</p> - <p>sayn thing thorow necessitè to be, that by no strength to be</p> - <p>neither is coarted ne constrayned; and through necessitè not</p> + <p>sayn thing thorow necessitè to be, that by no strength to be</p> + <p>neither is coarted ne constrayned; and through necessitè not</p> <p>to be, that with no defendinge is removed. For we sayn it is</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>thorow necessitè god to be immortal, nought deedliche; and it</p> - <p>is necessitè, god to be rightful; but not that any strength of</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>thorow necessitè god to be immortal, nought deedliche; and it</p> + <p>is necessitè, god to be rightful; but not that any strength of</p> <p>violent maner constrayneth him to be immortal, or defendeth him</p> <p>to be unrightful; for nothing may make him dedly or unrightful.</p> - <p>Right so, if I say, thorow necessitè is thee to be a lover or els</p> + <p>Right so, if I say, thorow necessitè is thee to be a lover or els</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>noon; only thorow wil, as god beforn wete. It is nat to understonde</p> <p>that any thing defendeth or forbit thee thy wil, whiche shal</p> <!-- Page 113 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page113"></a>[113]</span> <p>nat be; or els constrayneth it to be, whiche shal be. That same</p> <p>thing, forsoth, god before wot, whiche he beforn seeth. Any</p> <p>thing commende of only wil, that wil neyther is constrayned</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>ne defended thorow any other thing. And so thorow libertè of</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>ne defended thorow any other thing. And so thorow libertè of</p> <p>arbitrement it is do, that is don of wil. And trewly, my good</p> <p>child, if these thinges be wel understonde, I wene that non</p> <p>inconvenient shalt thou fynde betwene goddes forweting and</p> - <p>libertè of arbitrement; wherfore I wot wel they may stande</p> + <p>libertè of arbitrement; wherfore I wot wel they may stande</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>togider. Also farthermore, who that understanding of prescience</p> <p>properlich considreth, thorow the same wyse that any-thing be</p> <p>afore wist is said, for to be comming it is pronounced; there is</p> <p>nothing toforn wist but thing comming; foreweting is but of</p> <p>trouth[e]; dout[e] may nat be wist; wherfore, whan I sey that god</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>toforn wot any-thing, thorow necessitè is thilke thing to be comming;</p> - <p>al is oon if I sey, it shal be. But this necessitè neither</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">85</div></div><p>toforn wot any-thing, thorow necessitè is thilke thing to be comming;</p> + <p>al is oon if I sey, it shal be. But this necessitè neither</p> <p>constrayneth ne defendeth any-thing to be or nat to be. Therfore sothly,</p> - <p>if love is put to be, it is said of necessitè to be; or els, for it</p> - <p>is put nat to be, it is affirmed nat to be of necessitè; nat for that</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>necessitè constrayneth or defendeth love to be or nat to be. For</p> - <p>whan I say, if love shal be, of necessitè it shal be, here foloweth</p> - <p>necessitè the thing toforn put; it is as moch to say as if it were thus</p> + <p>if love is put to be, it is said of necessitè to be; or els, for it</p> + <p>is put nat to be, it is affirmed nat to be of necessitè; nat for that</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>necessitè constrayneth or defendeth love to be or nat to be. For</p> + <p>whan I say, if love shal be, of necessitè it shal be, here foloweth</p> + <p>necessitè the thing toforn put; it is as moch to say as if it were thus</p> <p>pronounced—"that thing shal be." Noon other thing signifyeth</p> - <p>this necessitè but only thus: that shal be, may nat togider be</p> + <p>this necessitè but only thus: that shal be, may nat togider be</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">95</div></div><p>and nat be. Evenlich also it is soth, love was, and is, and shal</p> - <p>be, nat of necessitè; and nede is to have be al that was; and</p> + <p>be, nat of necessitè; and nede is to have be al that was; and</p> <p>nedeful is to be al that is; and comming, to al that shal be.</p> <p>And it is nat the same to saye, love to be passed, and love</p> <p>passed to be passed; or love present to be present, and love to</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">100</div></div><p>be present; or els love to be comminge, and love comminge to be</p> - <p>comming. Dyversitè in setting of wordes maketh dyversitè in</p> + <p>comming. Dyversitè in setting of wordes maketh dyversitè in</p> <p>understandinge; altho[ugh] in the same sentence they accorden</p> <p>of significacion; right as it is nat al oon, love swete to be swete,</p> <p>and love to be swete. For moch love is bitter and sorouful, er</p> @@ -9973,9 +9936,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>herte of love that stoundmele hath me sorily anoyed. And</p> <!-- Page 114 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page114"></a>[114]</span> <p>certes, lady, for I see my-self thus knit with this Margarite-perle</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>as by bonde of your service and of no libertè of wil, my herte wil</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>as by bonde of your service and of no libertè of wil, my herte wil</p> <p>now nat acorde this service to love. I can demin in my-selfe</p> - <p>non otherwise but thorow necessitè am I constrayned in this</p> + <p>non otherwise but thorow necessitè am I constrayned in this</p> <p>service to abyde. But alas! than, if I thorow nedeful compulsioun</p> <p>maugre me be with-holde, litel thank for al my greet traveil have</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">115</div></div><p>I than deserved.'</p> @@ -10008,17 +9971,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>lykende in herte at thyne owne wil. But now to enforme thee in</p> <p>this mater (quod this lady) thou wost where I lefte; that was:</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>love to be swete, and love swete to be swete, is not al oon for to</p> - <p>say. For a tree is nat alway by necessitè white. Somtyme, er it</p> + <p>say. For a tree is nat alway by necessitè white. Somtyme, er it</p> <p>were white, it might have be nat white; and after tyme it is</p> <p>white, it may be nat white. But a white tree evermore nedeful</p> <p>is to be white; for neither toforn ne after it was white, might it</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>be togider white and nat white. Also love, by necessitè, is nat</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>be togider white and nat white. Also love, by necessitè, is nat</p> <p>present as now in thee; for er it were present, it might have be</p> <p>that it shulde now nat have be; and yet it may be that it shal nat</p> <p>be present; but thy love present whiche to her, Margarite, thee</p> <p>hath bounde, nedeful is to be present. Trewly, som doing of</p> <!-- Page 115 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page115"></a>[115]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>accion, nat by necessitè, is comminge fer toforn it be; it may be</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">145</div></div><p>accion, nat by necessitè, is comminge fer toforn it be; it may be</p> <p>that it shal nat be comminge. Thing forsoth comming nedeful is</p> <p>to be comming; for it may nat be that comming shal nat be</p> <p>comming. And right as I have sayd of present and of future</p> @@ -10030,49 +9993,49 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>comminge. And so, ofte, the same thing we sayn of the same; as</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">155</div></div><p>whan we sayn "every man is a man," or "every lover is a lover,"</p> <p>so muste it be nedes. In no waye may he be man and no man togider.</p> - <p>And if it be nat by necessitè, that is to say nedeful, al thing</p> + <p>And if it be nat by necessitè, that is to say nedeful, al thing</p> <p>comming to be comming, than somthing comming is nat comminge,</p> <p>and that is impossible. Right as these termes "nedeful,"</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">160</div></div><p>"necessitè," and "necessary" betoken and signify thing nedes</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">160</div></div><p>"necessitè," and "necessary" betoken and signify thing nedes</p> <p>to be, and it may nat otherwyse be, right [so] †this terme "impossible"</p> <p>signifyeth, that [a] thing is nat and by no way may it be.</p> - <p>Than, thorow pert necessitè, al thing comming is comming; but</p> - <p>that is by necessitè foloweth, with nothing to be constrayned.</p> + <p>Than, thorow pert necessitè, al thing comming is comming; but</p> + <p>that is by necessitè foloweth, with nothing to be constrayned.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">165</div></div><p>Lo! whan that "comming" is said of thinge, nat alway thing</p> - <p>thorow necessitè is, altho[ugh] it be comming. For if I say,</p> + <p>thorow necessitè is, altho[ugh] it be comming. For if I say,</p> <p>"to-morowe love is comming in this Margarites herte," nat therfore</p> - <p>thorow necessitè shal the ilke love be; yet it may be that it shal</p> + <p>thorow necessitè shal the ilke love be; yet it may be that it shal</p> <p>nat be, altho[ugh] it were comming. Neverthelater, somtyme it</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">170</div></div><p>is soth that somthing be of necessitè, that is sayd "to come"; as</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">170</div></div><p>is soth that somthing be of necessitè, that is sayd "to come"; as</p> <p>if I say, to-morowe †be comminge the rysinge of the sonne. If</p> - <p>therfore with necessitè I pronounce comming of thing to come, in</p> + <p>therfore with necessitè I pronounce comming of thing to come, in</p> <p>this maner love to-morne comminge in thyne Margarite to thee-ward,</p> - <p>by necessitè is comminge; or els the rysing of the sonne</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">175</div></div><p>to-morne comminge, through necessitè is comminge. Love sothely,</p> - <p>whiche may nat be of necessitè alone folowinge, thorow necessitè</p> + <p>by necessitè is comminge; or els the rysing of the sonne</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">175</div></div><p>to-morne comminge, through necessitè is comminge. Love sothely,</p> + <p>whiche may nat be of necessitè alone folowinge, thorow necessitè</p> <p>comming it is mad certayn. For "futur" of future is said; that is to</p> <p>sayn, "comming" of comminge is said; as, if to-morowe comming</p> - <p>is thorow necessitè, comminge it is. Arysing of the sonne, thorow</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">180</div></div><p>two necessitès in comming, it is to understande; that oon is</p> - <p>to-for[e]going necessitè, whiche maketh thing to be; therfore it shal</p> - <p>be, for nedeful is that it be. Another is folowing necessitè, whiche</p> + <p>is thorow necessitè, comminge it is. Arysing of the sonne, thorow</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">180</div></div><p>two necessitès in comming, it is to understande; that oon is</p> + <p>to-for[e]going necessitè, whiche maketh thing to be; therfore it shal</p> + <p>be, for nedeful is that it be. Another is folowing necessitè, whiche</p> <!-- Page 116 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page116"></a>[116]</span> - <p>nothing constrayneth to be, and so by necessitè it is to come; why?</p> + <p>nothing constrayneth to be, and so by necessitè it is to come; why?</p> <p>for it is to come. Now than, whan we sayn that god beforn wot</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">185</div></div><p>thing comming, nedeful [it] is to be comming; yet therfore make</p> - <p>we nat in certayn evermore, thing to be thorow necessitè comminge.</p> + <p>we nat in certayn evermore, thing to be thorow necessitè comminge.</p> <p>Sothly, thing comming may nat be nat comming by no</p> <p>way; for it is the same sentence of understanding as if we say</p> <p>thus: if god beforn wot any-thing, nedeful is that to be comming.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">190</div></div><p>But yet therfore foloweth nat the prescience of God, thing thorow</p> - <p>necessitè to be comming: for al-tho[ugh] god toforn wot al</p> + <p>necessitè to be comming: for al-tho[ugh] god toforn wot al</p> <p>thinges comming, yet nat therfore he beforn wot every thing</p> - <p>comming thorow necessitè. Some thinges he beforn wot comming</p> + <p>comming thorow necessitè. Some thinges he beforn wot comming</p> <p>of free wil out of resonable creature.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">195</div></div><p>'Certes,' quod I, 'these termes "nede" and "necessitè" have</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">195</div></div><p>'Certes,' quod I, 'these termes "nede" and "necessitè" have</p> <p>a queint maner of understanding; they wolden dullen many</p> <p>mennes wittes.'</p> </div> @@ -10133,31 +10096,31 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>a man wol love, that he love; and if he ne wol love, that he love</p> <p>nat; and of suche other thinges in mannes disposicion. For-why,</p> <p>now than that god wol may nat be, whan he wol the wil of man</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>thorow no necessitè to be constrayned or els defended for to</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">10</div></div><p>thorow no necessitè to be constrayned or els defended for to</p> <p>wilne, and he wol th'effect to folowe the wil; than is it nedeful,</p> <p>wil of man to be free, and also to be that he wol. In this maner</p> - <p>it is soth, that thorow necessitè is mannes werke in loving, that</p> - <p>he wol do altho[ugh] he wol it nat with necessitè.'</p> + <p>it is soth, that thorow necessitè is mannes werke in loving, that</p> + <p>he wol do altho[ugh] he wol it nat with necessitè.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">15</div></div><p>Quod I than, 'how stant it in love of thilke wil, sithen men</p> <!-- Page 117 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page117"></a>[117]</span> <p>loven willing of free choice in herte? Wherfore, if it be thorow</p> - <p>necessitè, I praye you, lady, of an answere this question to</p> + <p>necessitè, I praye you, lady, of an answere this question to</p> <p>assoyle.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'I wol,' quod she, 'answere thee blyvely. Right as men wil</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>not thorow necessitè, right so is not love of wil thorow necessitè;</p> - <p>ne thorow necessitè wrought thilke same wil. For if he wolde</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>not thorow necessitè, right so is not love of wil thorow necessitè;</p> + <p>ne thorow necessitè wrought thilke same wil. For if he wolde</p> <p>it not with good wil, it shulde nat have been wrought; although</p> <p>that he doth, it is nedeful to be doon. But if a man do sinne, it</p> <p>is nothing els but to †wilne that he shulde nat; right so sinne</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>of wil is not to be [in] maner necessary don, no more than wil is</p> <p>necessarye. Never-the-later, this is sothe; if a man wol sinne,</p> - <p>it is necessarye him to sinne, but th[r]ough thilke necessitè nothing</p> + <p>it is necessarye him to sinne, but th[r]ough thilke necessitè nothing</p> <p>is constrayned ne defended in the wil; right so thilke thing that</p> <p>free-wil wol and may, and not may not wilne; and nedeful is</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>that to wilne he may not wilne. But thilke to wilne nedeful is; for</p> @@ -10166,8 +10129,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>he hath in wil, and that he wol not, voluntarie †or spontanye it is;</p> <p>for by spontanye wil it is do, that is to saye, with good wil not</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>constrayned: than by wil not constrayned it is constrayned to</p> - <p>be; and that is it may not †togider be. If this necessitè maketh</p> - <p>libertè of wil, whiche that, aforn they weren, they might have ben</p> + <p>be; and that is it may not †togider be. If this necessitè maketh</p> + <p>libertè of wil, whiche that, aforn they weren, they might have ben</p> <p>eschewed and shonned: god than, whiche that knoweth al</p> <p>tr[o]uthe, and nothing but tr[o]uthe, al these thinges, as they</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>arn spontanye or necessarie, †seeth; and as he seeth, so they</p> @@ -10175,13 +10138,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>ful, that without al maner repugnaunce god beforn wot al maner</p> <p>thinges [that] ben don by free wil, whiche, aforn they weren,</p> <p>[it] might have ben [that] never they shulde be. And yet ben</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>they thorow a maner necessitè from free wil †discended.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>they thorow a maner necessitè from free wil †discended.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Hereby may (quod she) lightly ben knowe that not al thinges to</p> - <p>be, is of necessitè, though god have hem in his prescience. For</p> - <p>som thinges to be, is of libertè of wil. And to make thee to have</p> + <p>be, is of necessitè, though god have hem in his prescience. For</p> + <p>som thinges to be, is of libertè of wil. And to make thee to have</p> <p>ful knowinge of goddes beforn-weting, here me (quod she) what</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>I shal say.'</p> <!-- Page 118 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page118"></a>[118]</span> @@ -10204,25 +10167,25 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>we shul saye, god it maketh be tyme present, and now; for no</p> <p>future ne preterit in him may be founde. Wherfore his weting and</p> <p>his before-weting is al oon in understanding. Than, if weting</p> - <p>and before-weting of god putteth in necessitè to al thinges whiche</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>he wot or before-wot; ne thing, after eternitè or els after any</p> - <p>tyme, he wol or doth of libertè, but al of necessitè: whiche thing</p> - <p>if thou wene it be ayenst reson, [than is] nat thorow necessitè to</p> + <p>and before-weting of god putteth in necessitè to al thinges whiche</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>he wot or before-wot; ne thing, after eternitè or els after any</p> + <p>tyme, he wol or doth of libertè, but al of necessitè: whiche thing</p> + <p>if thou wene it be ayenst reson, [than is] nat thorow necessitè to</p> <p>be or nat to be, al thing that god wot or before-wot to be or nat</p> <p>to be; and yet nothing defendeth any-thing to be wist or to be</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>before-wist of him in our willes or our doinges to be don, or els</p> <p>comminge to be for free arbitrement. Whan thou hast these</p> <p>declaracions wel understande, than shalt thou fynde it resonable</p> - <p>at prove, and that many thinges be nat thorow necessitè but</p> - <p>thorow libertè of wil, save necessitè of free wil, as I tofore said,</p> + <p>at prove, and that many thinges be nat thorow necessitè but</p> + <p>thorow libertè of wil, save necessitè of free wil, as I tofore said,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">75</div></div><p>and, as me thinketh, al utterly declared.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Me thinketh, lady,' quod I, 'so I shulde you nat displese, and</p> <p>evermore your reverence to kepe, that these thinges contraryen in</p> - <p>any understanding; for ye sayn, somtyme is thorow libertè of</p> - <p>wil, and also thorow necessitè. Of this have I yet no savour,</p> + <p>any understanding; for ye sayn, somtyme is thorow libertè of</p> + <p>wil, and also thorow necessitè. Of this have I yet no savour,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">80</div></div><p>without better declaracion.'</p> </div> @@ -10267,12 +10230,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>same place; to thilke place from whiche he goth he †hyeth</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">100</div></div><p>comminge; and without any ceesinge to that place he neigheth</p> <p>from whiche he is chaunged and withdrawe. But now in these</p> - <p>thinges, after dyversitè of reson, revers in one thinge may be seye</p> + <p>thinges, after dyversitè of reson, revers in one thinge may be seye</p> <p>without repugnaunce. Wherfore in the same wyse, without any</p> <p>repugnaunce, by my resons tofore maked, al is oon to beleve,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>somthing to be thorow necessitè comminge for it is comming, and</p> - <p>yet with no necessitè constrayned to be comming, but with</p> - <p>necessitè that cometh out of free wil, as I have sayd.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>somthing to be thorow necessitè comminge for it is comming, and</p> + <p>yet with no necessitè constrayned to be comming, but with</p> + <p>necessitè that cometh out of free wil, as I have sayd.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -10292,7 +10255,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Nay, forsothe,' quod she, 'it is nothing ayenst my saying; for</p> <p>god is not begyled, ne he seeth nothing wheder it shal come of</p> - <p>libertè or els of necessitè; yet it is said to be ordayned at god</p> + <p>libertè or els of necessitè; yet it is said to be ordayned at god</p> <p>immovable, whiche at man, or it be don, may be chaunged.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">120</div></div><p>Suche thing is also that Poule the apostel saith of hem that tofore</p> <p>wern purposed to be sayntes, as thus: "whiche that god before</p> @@ -10308,12 +10271,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>winter; and so ayenward withouten any meving is nothing lich</p> <p>temporel presence for thinge that there is ever present. Yet</p> <p>amonges you men, er it be in your presence, it is movable thorow</p> - <p>libertè of arbitrement. And right as in the everlasting present</p> + <p>libertè of arbitrement. And right as in the everlasting present</p> <p>no maner thing was ne shal be, but only <i>is</i>; and now here, in</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">135</div></div><p>your temporel tyme, somthing was, and is, and shal be, but</p> <p>movinge stoundes; and in this is no maner repugnaunce: right</p> <p>so, in the everlasting presence, nothing may be chaunged; and,</p> - <p>in your temporel tyme, otherwhyle it is proved movable by libertè</p> + <p>in your temporel tyme, otherwhyle it is proved movable by libertè</p> <p>of wil or it be do, withouten any inconvenience therof to folowe.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>In your temporel tyme is no suche presence as in the tother; for</p> <p>your present is don whan passed and to come ginnen entre;</p> @@ -10348,8 +10311,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>ben, and al togider in the everlasting present be now to understanding.</p> <p>This eternal presence, as I sayd, hath inclose togider</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">165</div></div><p>in one al tymes, in which close and one al thinges that ben in</p> - <p>dyvers tymes and in dyvers places temporel, [and] without posterioritè</p> - <p>or prioritè ben closed ther in perpetual now, and maked</p> + <p>dyvers tymes and in dyvers places temporel, [and] without posterioritè</p> + <p>or prioritè ben closed ther in perpetual now, and maked</p> <p>to dwelle in present sight. But there thou sayest that Poule shulde</p> <p>have spoke thilke forsaid sentence †by tyme present, and that</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">170</div></div><p>most shulde have ben acordaunt to the everlasting presence,</p> @@ -10371,7 +10334,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>similitude to the everlasting presence, significacion of tyme passed</p> <p>than of tyme temporal present, and so more in accordaunce. In</p> <p>this maner what thing, of these that ben don thorow free arbitrement,</p> - <p>or els as necessary, holy writ pronounceth, after eternitè he</p> + <p>or els as necessary, holy writ pronounceth, after eternitè he</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">190</div></div><p>speketh; in whiche presence is everlasting sothe and nothing but</p> <p>sothe immovable; nat after tyme, in whiche naught alway ben</p> <p>your willes and your actes. And right as, while they be nat, it is</p> @@ -10398,18 +10361,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>defendeth, that somthing ne may be in tyme temporal moving,</p> <p>that in eterne is immovable. Forsothe, it is no more contrary</p> <p>ne revers for to be movable in tyme temporel, and [im]movable</p> - <p>in eternitè, than nat to be in any tyme and to be alway in</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">210</div></div><p>eternitè; and to have be or els to come in tyme temporel, and</p> - <p>nat have be ne nought comming to be in eternitè. Yet never-the-later,</p> + <p>in eternitè, than nat to be in any tyme and to be alway in</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">210</div></div><p>eternitè; and to have be or els to come in tyme temporel, and</p> + <p>nat have be ne nought comming to be in eternitè. Yet never-the-later,</p> <p>I say nat somthing to be never in tyme temporel, that</p> - <p>ever is [in] eternitè; but al-only in som tyme nat to be. For</p> + <p>ever is [in] eternitè; but al-only in som tyme nat to be. For</p> <p>I saye nat thy love to-morne in no tyme to be, but to-day alone</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">215</div></div><p>I deny it to be; and yet, never-the-later, it is alway in eternitè.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">215</div></div><p>I deny it to be; and yet, never-the-later, it is alway in eternitè.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'A! so,' quod I, 'it semeth to me, that comming thing or els</p> - <p>passed here in your temporal tyme to be, in eternitè ever now</p> + <p>passed here in your temporal tyme to be, in eternitè ever now</p> <p>and present oweth nat to be demed; and yet foloweth nat thilke</p> <p>thing, that was or els shal be, in no maner ther to ben passed</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">220</div></div><p>or els comming; than utterly shul we deny for there without</p> @@ -10426,7 +10389,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>clerely concluded mokel of my mater. And right as there is</p> <p>no revers ne contrarioustee in tho thinges, right so, withouten</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">230</div></div><p>any repugnaunce, it is sayd somthing to be movable in tyme</p> - <p>temporel, †afore it be, that in eternitè dwelleth immovable, nat</p> + <p>temporel, †afore it be, that in eternitè dwelleth immovable, nat</p> <p>afore it be or after that it is, but without cessing; for right</p> <p>naught is there after tyme; that same is there everlastinge that</p> <!-- Page 123 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page123"></a>[123]</span> @@ -10438,7 +10401,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Now sothly,' quod I, 'this have I wel understande; so that</p> <p>now me thinketh, that prescience of god and free arbitrement</p> <p>withouten any repugnaunce acorden; and that maketh the</p> - <p>strength of eternitè, whiche encloseth by presence during al</p> + <p>strength of eternitè, whiche encloseth by presence during al</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">240</div></div><p>tymes, and al thinges that ben, han ben, and shul ben in any</p> <p>tyme. I wolde now (quod I) a litel understande, sithen that</p> <p>[god] al thing thus beforn wot, whether thilke wetinge be of tho</p> @@ -10459,7 +10422,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>that he made of my servant Troilus, hath this mater touched, and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">255</div></div><p>at the ful this question assoyled. Certaynly, his noble sayinges</p> <p>can I not amende; in goodnes of gentil manliche speche, without</p> - <p>any maner of nycetè of †storiers imaginacion, in witte and in</p> + <p>any maner of nycetè of †storiers imaginacion, in witte and in</p> <p>good reson of sentence he passeth al other makers. In the boke of</p> <p>Troilus, the answere to thy question mayst thou lerne. Never-the-later,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">260</div></div><p>yet may lightly thyne understandinge somdel ben lerned,</p> @@ -10723,7 +10686,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Rightfully,' quod she, 'hast thou demed; and yet love, knit</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">130</div></div><p>in vertue, passeth al the gold in this erthe. Good wil, accordant</p> - <p>to reson, with no maner propertè may be countrevayled. Al the</p> + <p>to reson, with no maner propertè may be countrevayled. Al the</p> <p>azure in the worlde is nat to accompte in respect of reson. Love</p> <p>that with good wil and reson accordeth, with non erthly riches</p> <p>may nat ben amended. This yeft hast thou yeven, I know it</p> @@ -10816,7 +10779,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Yes, pardè,' quod I, 'my wil may ben turned by frendes, and</p> + <p>'Yes, pardè,' quod I, 'my wil may ben turned by frendes, and</p> <p>disese of manace and thretning in lesinge of my lyfe and of my</p> <p>limmes, and in many other wyse that now cometh not to mynde.</p> <p>And also it mot ofte ben out of thought; for no remembraunce</p> @@ -10846,12 +10809,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>man diligently the meninges of his wil consider, he shal wel</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>understande that good wil, knit with reson, but in a false herte</p> <p>never is voyded; for power and might of keping this good wil is</p> - <p>thorow libertè of arbitrement in herte, but good wil to kepe</p> + <p>thorow libertè of arbitrement in herte, but good wil to kepe</p> <p>may not fayle. Eke than if it fayle, it sheweth it-selfe that good</p> <p>wil in keping is not there. And thus false wil, that putteth out</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>the good, anon constrayneth the herte to accorde in lovinge of</p> <p>thy good wil; and this accordaunce bitwene false wil and thyn</p> - <p>herte, in falsitè ben lykened †togider. Yet a litel wol I say</p> + <p>herte, in falsitè ben lykened †togider. Yet a litel wol I say</p> <p>thee in good wil, thy good willes to rayse and strengthe. Tak</p> <p>hede to me (quod she) how thy willes thou shalt understande.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>Right as ye han in your body dyvers membres, and fyve sondrye</p> @@ -11077,7 +11040,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>springe, els the frute for that yere men halt delivered, be the</p> <p>ground never so good? And though the stocke be mighty at</p> <p>the ful, and the braunches seer, and no burjons shewe, farwel the</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>gardiner! He may pype with an yvè-lefe; his frute is fayled.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>gardiner! He may pype with an yvè-lefe; his frute is fayled.</p> <p>Wherfore thy braunches must burjonen in presence of thy lady, if</p> <p>thou desyre any frute of thy ladies grace. But beware of thy lyfe,</p> <p>that thou no wode lay use, as in asking of thinges that strecchen</p> @@ -11225,7 +11188,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>tourne. Grace, glorie, and joye is coming thorow good</p> <p>folkes desertes; and by getting of grace, therin shullen ende.</p> <p>And what is more glorie or more joye than wysdom and love</p> - <p>in parfit charitè, whiche god hath graunted to al tho that wel</p> + <p>in parfit charitè, whiche god hath graunted to al tho that wel</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">160</div></div><p>†conne deserve?' And with that this lady al at ones sterte in-to</p> <p>my herte: 'here wol I onbyde,' quod she, 'for ever, and never</p> <p>wol I gon hence; and I wol kepe thee from medlinge while me</p> @@ -11312,7 +11275,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>have, sithen him fayleth the mater that shulde it forth bringe.</p> <p>The mater him fayleth; why? He may therof have no knowing</p> <p>til whan grace put it in his herte. Thus willing by him-selfe may</p> - <p>he it not have; and not willing, may he it not have. Pardè,</p> + <p>he it not have; and not willing, may he it not have. Pardè,</p> <p>every conseyt of every resonable creature otherwyse wil [wol] not</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">40</div></div><p>graunte; wil in affirmatif with not willing by no way mowe acorde.</p> <p>And although this loving wol come in myn herte by freenesse of</p> @@ -11418,7 +11381,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>mencion is maked) shulde use thilke rightfulnesse, by teching of</p> <p>his soule to good maner of governaunce, in thought and in wordes;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">140</div></div><p>and that it shulde use the blisse in obedient maner, withouten</p> - <p>any incommoditè. Blisse, forsothe, in-to mannes profit, and</p> + <p>any incommoditè. Blisse, forsothe, in-to mannes profit, and</p> <p>rightwisnesse in-to his worship god delivered at ones; but rightfulnesse</p> <p>so was yeven that man might it lese, whiche if he not lost</p> <p>had, but continuelly [might] have it kept, he shulde have deserved</p> @@ -11432,17 +11395,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>dwelleth, that by indigence of goodes, whiche that he loste</p> <p>through greet wrecchednesse, by right shulde he ben punisshed.</p> <p>And thus, for he weyved rightfulnesse, lost hath he his blisse; but</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">155</div></div><p>fayle of his desyr in his owne comoditè may he not; and †where</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">155</div></div><p>fayle of his desyr in his owne comoditè may he not; and †where</p> <p>comodites to his resonable nature whiche he hath lost may he not</p> <p>have, to false lustes, whiche ben bestial appetytes, he is turned.</p> <p>Folye of unconning hath him begyled, in wening that thilke ben</p> <p>the comoditees that owen to ben desyred. This affeccion of wil</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">160</div></div><p>by libertè of arbitrement is enduced to wilne thus thing that</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">160</div></div><p>by libertè of arbitrement is enduced to wilne thus thing that</p> <p>he shulde not; and so is wil not maked yvel but unrightful, by</p> <p>absence of rightfulnesse, whiche thing by reson ever shulde he</p> <p>have. And freenesse of arbitrement may he not wilne, whan he it</p> <p>not haveth; for while he it had, thilke halp it not to kepe; so</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">165</div></div><p>that without grace may it not ben recovered. Wil of commoditè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">165</div></div><p>that without grace may it not ben recovered. Wil of commoditè,</p> <p>in-as-moche as unrightful it is maked by willinge of yvel lustes, willing</p> <!-- Page 142 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page142"></a>[142]</span> <p>of goodnesse may he not wilne; for wil of instrument to affeccion</p> @@ -11516,7 +11479,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Knowen may it wel ben now of these thinges toforn</p> <p>declared, that man hath not alway thilke rightfulnesse</p> - <p>which by dutè of right evermore haven he shulde, and by no way</p> + <p>which by dutè of right evermore haven he shulde, and by no way</p> <p>by him-selfe may he it gete ne kepe; and after he it hath, if he it</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">5</div></div><p>lese, recover shal he it never without especial grace. Wherfore</p> <p>the comune sentence of the people in opinion, that every thing</p> @@ -11547,9 +11510,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">30</div></div><p>wil werching (as if a man another man wrongfully anoyeth, wherfore</p> <p>he him sleeth), that it be constrayned to that ende, as mokel</p> <p>folk cryeth and sayth: 'Lo, as it was destenyed of god toforn</p> - <p>knowe, so it is thorow necessitè falle, and otherwyse might it not</p> + <p>knowe, so it is thorow necessitè falle, and otherwyse might it not</p> <p>betyde.' Trewly, neyther he that the wrong wrought, ne he that</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>him-selfe venged, none of thilke thinges thorow necessitè wrought;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">35</div></div><p>him-selfe venged, none of thilke thinges thorow necessitè wrought;</p> <p>for if that [oon] with free wil there had it not willed, neyther had</p> <p>[he] wrought that he perfourmed; and so utterly grace, that free</p> <p>wil in goodnesse bringeth and kepeth, and fro badnesse it tourneth,</p> @@ -11562,7 +11525,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">45</div></div><p>and ben gladded, as if he the same joye had. What wonder,</p> <p>sith god is the gretest love and the *gretest wisdom? In hem</p> <p>shal he be, and they in god. Now than, whan al false folk be</p> - <p>ashamed, which wenen al bestialtè and erthly thing be sweter and</p> + <p>ashamed, which wenen al bestialtè and erthly thing be sweter and</p> <p>better to the body than hevenly is to the soule; this is the grace</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">50</div></div><p>and the frute that I long have desyred; it doth me good the</p> <p>savour to smelle.</p> @@ -11584,12 +11547,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">60</div></div><p>way purvay th'ende. How shuld I than, so leude, aught wene of</p> <p>perfeccion any ende to gete? Never-the-later, grace, glorie, and</p> <p>laude I yelde and putte with worshipful reverences to the sothfast</p> - <p>god, in three with unitè closed, whiche that the hevy langour of</p> + <p>god, in three with unitè closed, whiche that the hevy langour of</p> <p>my sicknesse hath turned in-to mirthe of helth to recover. For</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">65</div></div><p>right as I was sorowed thorow the gloton cloud of manifolde</p> <p>sickly sorow, so mirth [of] ayencoming helth hath me glad[d]ed</p> <p>and gretly comforted. I beseche and pray therfore, and I crye</p> - <p>on goddes gret pitè and on his mokel mercy, that this[e] present</p> + <p>on goddes gret pitè and on his mokel mercy, that this[e] present</p> <p>scorges of my flessh mow maken medecyne and lechecraft of</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">70</div></div><p>my inner man[ne]s helth; so that my passed trespas and tenes</p> <p>through weping of myn eyen ben wasshe, and I, voyded from</p> @@ -11616,7 +11579,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 145 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page145"></a>[145]</span> <p>only a good reder, but also I coveite and pray a good book-amender,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>in correccion of wordes and of sentence; and only this</p> - <p>mede I coveite for my travayle, that every inseër and herer of</p> + <p>mede I coveite for my travayle, that every inseër and herer of</p> <p>this leude fantasye devoute horisons and prayers to god the greet</p> <p>juge yelden; and prayen for me in that wyse, that in his dome</p> <p>my sinnes mowe ben relesed and foryeven. He that prayeth for</p> @@ -11636,7 +11599,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">105</div></div><p>lyf; the flesshe, of nothing it profiteth.' Flesshe is flesshly</p> <p>understandinge; flessh without grace and love naught is worth.</p> <p>'The letter sleeth; the spirit yeveth lyfelich understanding.'</p> - <p>Charitè is love; and love is charitè.</p> + <p>Charitè is love; and love is charitè.</p> <p>God graunt us al[le] therin to be frended!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">110</div></div><p>And thus <span class="sc">The Testament of Love</span> is ended.</p> </div> @@ -11665,7 +11628,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>89. onely. booke. 90. correction. onely. 92. great. 94. released. 96. thorowe. 97. treatyse. Howe. 99. meate. norissheth; <i>read</i> norisshed. 100. Christ. 101. stone. 103. thorowe. made. 104. saythe. - spyrite. 105. lyfe. 109. al; <i>read</i> allë.</p> + spyrite. 105. lyfe. 109. al; <i>read</i> allë.</p> <hr /> @@ -11721,7 +11684,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And erne my mete yer that I dyne.</p> <p>To swete and swinke I make avow,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>My wyf and children therwith to fynd,</p> - <p>And servë god, and I wist how;</p> + <p>And servë god, and I wist how;</p> <p>But we lewd men ben full[y] blynd.</p> </div> @@ -11730,7 +11693,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For hir lyvelod [to] swete and swinke,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>And they right nought us give agayn,</p> <p>Neyther to ete ne yet to drinke.</p> - <p>They mowe by lawë, as they sayn,</p> + <p>They mowe by lawë, as they sayn,</p> <p>Us curse and dampne to hell[e] brinke;</p> <p>Thus they putten us to payn,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">40</div></div><p>With candles queynt and belles clinke.</p> @@ -11768,11 +11731,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>A sternë stryf is stered newe</p> + <p>A sternë stryf is stered newe</p> <p>In many stedes in a stounde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>Of sondry sedes that ben sewe;</p> <p>It semeth that som ben unsounde.</p> - <p>For some be gretë growen †on grounde,</p> + <p>For some be gretë growen †on grounde,</p> <p>Some ben souple, simple and small;</p> <p>Whether of hem is falser founde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">60</div></div><p>The falser, foul mote him befall!</p> @@ -11785,14 +11748,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Priours, abbottes of grete estates;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>Of heven and hell they kepe the yates,</p> <p>And Peters successours they ben all;</p> - <p>This is demed by oldë dates;</p> + <p>This is demed by oldë dates;</p> <p>But falshed, foul mote it befall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>The other syde ben poore and pale,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">70</div></div><p>And people put [al] out of prees;</p> - <p>And semë caytifs sore a-cale,</p> + <p>And semë caytifs sore a-cale,</p> <p>And ever in oon without encrees,</p> <p>†I-cleped lollers and londlees;</p> <p>Who toteth on hem, they been untall.</p> @@ -11840,18 +11803,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Beth lowlich and of low degree,</p> <p>And usen none erthly honours,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>Neyther crown, ne curious cove[r]tours,</p> - <p>Ne †pelure, ne other proudë pall;</p> + <p>Ne †pelure, ne other proudë pall;</p> <p>Ne nought to cofren up greet tresours;</p> <p>For falshed, foul mote it befall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Preest[e]s shuld for no cattel plede,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>But chasten hem in charitè;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>But chasten hem in charitè;</p> <p>Ne to no batail shuld men lede</p> <p>For inhaunsing of hir own degree;</p> - <p>Nat wilnë sittings in hy see,</p> - <p>Ne soverayntè in hous ne hall;</p> + <p>Nat wilnë sittings in hy see,</p> + <p>Ne soverayntè in hous ne hall;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>All worldly worship defye and flee;</p> <p>For who willeth highnes, foul shal fall!</p> <!-- Page 151 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page151"></a>[151]</span> @@ -11876,7 +11839,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>God is nat hir governour,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>That holdeth no man his †peragall;</p> <p>Whyl covetyse is hir counsaylour,</p> - <p>All such falshed mot nedë fall.</p> + <p>All such falshed mot nedë fall.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -11887,30 +11850,30 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Chaunge of clothing every day,</p> <p>With golden girdles grete and small;</p> <p>As boystous as is bere at bay;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>All such falshed mot nedë fall.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>All such falshed mot nedë fall.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>With prydë †punysheth the pore,</p> - <p>And somë they sustayn with sale;</p> + <p>With prydë †punysheth the pore,</p> + <p>And somë they sustayn with sale;</p> <p>Of holy churche maketh an hore,</p> <p>And filleth hir wombe with wyne and ale;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>With money filleth many a male,</p> <p>And chaffren churches when they fall,</p> <p>And telleth the people a lewed tale;</p> - <p>Such falsë faytours, foul hem fall!</p> + <p>Such falsë faytours, foul hem fall!</p> <!-- Page 152 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page152"></a>[152]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>With chaunge of many maner metes,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">150</div></div><p>With song and solace sitting long,</p> - <p>And filleth hir wombë, and fast fretes,</p> - <p>And from the metë to the gong;</p> + <p>And filleth hir wombë, and fast fretes,</p> + <p>And from the metë to the gong;</p> <p>And after mete with harp and song,</p> <p>And ech man mot hem lordes call;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>And hotë spyces ever among;</p> - <p>Such falsë faytours, foul hem fall!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>And hotë spyces ever among;</p> + <p>Such falsë faytours, foul hem fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -11920,7 +11883,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">160</div></div><p>As hevy as it were mad of leed;</p> <p>With cloth of gold both newe and reed,</p> <p>With glitterand †gown as grene as gall,</p> - <p>By dome will dampnë men to deed;</p> + <p>By dome will dampnë men to deed;</p> <p>All suche faytours, foul hem fall!</p> </div> @@ -11937,18 +11900,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>That is blessed, that they blesse,</p> - <p>And cursed, that they cursë woll;</p> + <p>And cursed, that they cursë woll;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">175</div></div><p>And thus the people they oppresse,</p> <p>And have their lordshippes at full;</p> <p>And many be marchauntes of woll,</p> <p>And to purse penyes woll come thrall;</p> - <p>The porë people they all to-pull,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>Such falsë faytours, foul hem fall!</p> + <p>The porë people they all to-pull,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>Such falsë faytours, foul hem fall!</p> <!-- Page 153 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page153"></a>[153]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Lordes motë to hem loute,</p> + <p>Lordes motë to hem loute,</p> <p>Obeysaunt to hir brode blessing;</p> <p>They ryden with hir royall route</p> <p>On a courser, as it were a king;</p> @@ -11975,7 +11938,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Some of hem woll gladly winne</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">200</div></div><p>All ayenst that which god forbed;</p> <p>"All-holyest" they clepen hir heed,</p> - <p>That of hir rulë is regall;</p> + <p>That of hir rulë is regall;</p> <p>Alas! that ever they eten breed;</p> <p>For all such falshed woll foul fall.</p> </div> @@ -11986,7 +11949,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Kinges mot to hem knele and coure;</p> <p>To the apostles, that Christ forbede;</p> <p>To popes hestes such taketh more hede</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">210</div></div><p>Than to kepe Christes commaundëment;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">210</div></div><p>Than to kepe Christes commaundëment;</p> <p>Of gold and silver mot ben hir wede,</p> <p>They holdeth him hole omnipotent.</p> <!-- Page 154 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page154"></a>[154]</span> @@ -11994,7 +11957,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>He ordayneth by his ordinaunce</p> - <p>To parish-preestes a powére;</p> + <p>To parish-preestes a powére;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>To another a greter avaunce,</p> <p>A greter poynt to his mystere;</p> <p>But for he is hyghest in erth here,</p> @@ -12017,18 +11980,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>They ne clepen Christ but <i>sanctus deus</i>,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">230</div></div><p>And clepen her heed <i>Sanctissimus</i>;</p> - <p>They that such a sect[ë] sewis,</p> + <p>They that such a sect[ë] sewis,</p> <p>I trowe, they taken hem amisse.</p> - <p>In erth[ë] here they have hir blisse,</p> + <p>In erth[ë] here they have hir blisse,</p> <p>Hir hye master is Belial;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">235</div></div><p>†Christ his people from hem wisse!</p> - <p>For all such falsë will foul fall!</p> + <p>For all such falsë will foul fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>They mowë both[ë] binde and lose,</p> + <p>They mowë both[ë] binde and lose,</p> <p>And all is for hir holy lyf;</p> - <p>To save or dampne they mowë chose,</p> + <p>To save or dampne they mowë chose,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>Betwene hem now [ther] is gret stryf.</p> <p>Many a man is killed with knyf,</p> <p>To wete which of hem have lordship shall;</p> @@ -12039,18 +12002,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">245</div></div><p>Christ sayd: <i>Qui gladio percutit</i></p> - <p>With swerdë shall [he surely] dye;</p> + <p>With swerdë shall [he surely] dye;</p> <p>He bad his preestes pees and grith,</p> <p>And bad hem not drede for to dye;</p> <p>And bad them be both simple and slye,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">250</div></div><p>And carkë not for no cattall,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">250</div></div><p>And carkë not for no cattall,</p> <p>And †truste on god that sitteth on hye;</p> - <p>For all [such] falsë shull foul fall.</p> + <p>For all [such] falsë shull foul fall.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>These wollen makë men to swere</p> - <p>Ayenst Christes commaundëment;</p> + <p>These wollen makë men to swere</p> + <p>Ayenst Christes commaundëment;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">255</div></div><p>And Christes membres all to-tere</p> <p>On rode as he wer newe y-rent.</p> <p>Suche lawes they make by commun assent,</p> @@ -12073,18 +12036,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>With purse they purchase personage,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">270</div></div><p>With purse they paynen hem to plede;</p> - <p>And men of warrë they woll wage,</p> + <p>And men of warrë they woll wage,</p> <p>To bringe hir enemyes to the dede.</p> <p>And lordes lyves they woll lede,</p> <p>And moche take, and give but small;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>But he it so get, from it shall shede,</p> - <p>And make such falsë right foul fal!</p> + <p>And make such falsë right foul fal!</p> <!-- Page 156 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page156"></a>[156]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>They halowe nothing but for hyre,</p> - <p>Churchë, font, ne vestëment;</p> + <p>Churchë, font, ne vestëment;</p> <p>And make[n] orders in every shyre,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">280</div></div><p>But preestes paye for the parchement;</p> <p>Of ryatours they taken rent,</p> @@ -12099,7 +12062,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And punisheth the pore for putrye;</p> <p>Them-selfe it useth all their lyves.</p> <p>And but a man to them [him] shryves,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>To heven comë never he shall;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>To heven comë never he shall;</p> <p>He shal be cursed as be captyves,</p> <p>To hell they sayn that he shall fall.</p> </div> @@ -12120,7 +12083,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>To maynteynours, and to men of lawe;</p> <p>For to lordes they woll be liche,</p> <p>An harlottes sone nat worth an hawe!</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>Sothfastnessë suche han slawe,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>Sothfastnessë suche han slawe,</p> <p>They kembe hir crokets with cristall;</p> <p>And drede of god they have down drawe;</p> <p>All suche faytours, foul hem fall!</p> @@ -12141,23 +12104,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>†Hir tything, and hir offring both,</p> <p>They cle[y]meth it by possessio[u]n;</p> - <p>Thérof nill they none forgo,</p> + <p>Thérof nill they none forgo,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">320</div></div><p>But robben men as [by] raunsoun.</p> <p>The tything of <i>Turpe lucrum</i></p> <p>With these maisters is meynall;</p> <p>Tything of bribry and larson</p> - <p>Will makë falshed full foul fall!</p> + <p>Will makë falshed full foul fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">325</div></div><p>They taken to fermë hir sompnours</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">325</div></div><p>They taken to fermë hir sompnours</p> <p>To harme the people what they may;</p> <p>To pardoners and false faytours</p> <p>Sell hir seles, I dar well say;</p> <p>And all to holden greet array,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">330</div></div><p>To multiply hem more metall,</p> <p>They drede full litell domes day</p> - <p>Whan all such [falsë] shall foul fall.</p> + <p>Whan all such [falsë] shall foul fall.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12168,19 +12131,19 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>By yere ech preest shall paye his fee</p> <p>To encrese his lemmans call;</p> <p>Suche herdes shull well yvell thee,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">340</div></div><p>And all such falsë shull foul fall!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">340</div></div><p>And all such falsë shull foul fall!</p> <!-- Page 158 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page158"></a>[158]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And if a man be falsly famed,</p> - <p>And woldë make purgacioun,</p> + <p>And woldë make purgacioun,</p> <p>Than woll the officers be agramed,</p> <p>And assigne him fro town to town;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">345</div></div><p>So nede he must[e] paye raunsoun</p> <p>Though he be clene as is cristall,</p> <p>And than have an absolutioun;</p> - <p>But all such falsë shull foul fall!</p> + <p>But all such falsë shull foul fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12191,7 +12154,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>These bishoppes officers goon full gay,</p> <p>And this game they usen over-all;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">355</div></div><p>The pore to pill is all †hir pray;</p> - <p>All such falsë shull foul fall!</p> + <p>All such falsë shull foul fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12201,7 +12164,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>Such governours mowen of god agryse;</p> <p>For all his rules †ben rightwyse.</p> <p>These newe poyntes ben pure papall,</p> - <p>And goddes lawë they dispyse;</p> + <p>And goddes lawë they dispyse;</p> <p>And all such faytours shul foul fall!</p> </div> @@ -12247,7 +12210,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>A lord shall write to him for grace,</p> <p>For his clerke †pray anon he shall;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">395</div></div><p>So shall he spede[n] his purchas;</p> - <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> + <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12258,7 +12221,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>A boster, and (that god forbede!)</p> <p>As good a bishop †as my hors Ball,</p> <p>Suche a pope is foule be-sted,</p> - <p>And at [the] lastë woll foul fall!</p> + <p>And at [the] lastë woll foul fall!</p> <!-- Page 160 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page160"></a>[160]</span> </div> @@ -12266,22 +12229,22 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">405</div></div><p>He maketh bishops for erthly thank,</p> <p>And nothing for Christes sake;</p> <p>Such that ben ful fatte and rank,</p> - <p>To soulë hele non hede they take.</p> + <p>To soulë hele non hede they take.</p> <p>Al is well don what ever they make,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>For they shal answere at †ones for all;</p> <p>For worldes thank, such worch and wake,</p> - <p>And all such falsë shall foul fall!</p> + <p>And all such falsë shall foul fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Suche that †connë nat hir Crede</p> + <p>Suche that †connë nat hir Crede</p> <p>With prayer shull be mad prelates;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">415</div></div><p>Nother †conne the gospell rede,</p> <p>Such shull now welde hye estates.</p> <p>The hye goodes frendship hem makes,</p> <p>They toteth on hir somme totall;</p> <p>Such bere the keyes of hell-yates,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">420</div></div><p>And all such falsë shall foul fall.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">420</div></div><p>And all such falsë shall foul fall.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12292,13 +12255,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">425</div></div><p>By the dore they go nat in-to the fold,</p> <p>To helpe †hir sheep they nought travall;</p> <p>Hyred men all suche I holde,</p> - <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> + <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>For Christ hir king they woll forsake,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">430</div></div><p>And knowe him nought for his povert;</p> - <p>For Christes lovë they woll wake,</p> + <p>For Christes lovë they woll wake,</p> <p>And drink pyment [and] ale apart.</p> <p>Of god they seme nothing a-ferd;</p> <p>As lusty liveth, as Lamuall,</p> @@ -12315,18 +12278,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Peter erred, so dide nat John;</p> <p>Why is he cleped the principall?</p> <p>Christ cleped him Peter, but himself the stoon;</p> - <p>All falsë faytours, foule hem fall!</p> + <p>All falsë faytours, foule hem fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">445</div></div><p>Why cursen they the croysery,</p> - <p>Christes Christen crëatures?</p> + <p>Christes Christen crëatures?</p> <p>For bytwene hem is now envy</p> <p>To be enhaunsed in honours.</p> <p>And Christen livers, with hir labours,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">450</div></div><p>For they leve on no man mortall,</p> <p>†Ben do to dethe with dishonours;</p> - <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> + <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12348,19 +12311,19 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">465</div></div><p>Such oon, me thinketh, him-self foryet,</p> <p>Either to the trouth he was nat call;</p> <p>Christ, that suffred woundes wet,</p> - <p>Shall makë such falshed foul fall!</p> + <p>Shall makë such falshed foul fall!</p> <!-- Page 162 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page162"></a>[162]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>They layeth out hir largë nettes</p> + <p>They layeth out hir largë nettes</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">470</div></div><p>For to take silver and gold,</p> <p>Fillen coffers, and sackes fettes,</p> <p>There-as they soules cacche shold.</p> <p>Hir servaunts be to †hem unhold,</p> <p>But they can doublin †hir rentall</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">475</div></div><p>To bigge hem castels, and bigge hem hold;</p> - <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> + <p>And all such falsë, foule hem fall!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12373,7 +12336,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>To accorde with this wordë "fal"</p> + <p>To accorde with this wordë "fal"</p> <p>No more English can I find;</p> <p>Shewe another now I shall,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">480</div></div><p>For I have moche to say behind,</p> @@ -12397,23 +12360,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>What is Antichrist to say</p> - <p>But evin Christes adversáry?</p> + <p>But evin Christes adversáry?</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">495</div></div><p>Such hath now ben many a day</p> - <p>To Christes bidding full contráry,</p> - <p>That from the trouthë clenë vary;</p> - <p>Out of the wayë they ben wend;</p> + <p>To Christes bidding full contráry,</p> + <p>That from the trouthë clenë vary;</p> + <p>Out of the wayë they ben wend;</p> <p>And Christes people untruely cary;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">500</div></div><p>God, for his pitè, it amend!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">500</div></div><p>God, for his pitè, it amend!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>That liven contráry to Christes lyf,</p> + <p>That liven contráry to Christes lyf,</p> <p>In hye pride agaynst mekenesse;</p> <p>Agaynst suffraunce they usen stryf,</p> <p>And angre ayenst sobrenesse;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">505</div></div><p>Agaynst wisdom, wilfulnesse;</p> <p>To Christes tales litell tend;</p> - <p>Agaynst mesúre, outragiousnesse;</p> + <p>Agaynst mesúre, outragiousnesse;</p> <p>But whan god woll, it may amend!</p> </div> @@ -12424,15 +12387,15 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Agaynst trewth[e], trechery;</p> <p>And agaynst almesse, envy;</p> <p>Agaynst Christ they comprehend.</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">515</div></div><p>For chastitè, they maynteyn lechery;</p> - <p>God, for his gracë, this amend!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">515</div></div><p>For chastitè, they maynteyn lechery;</p> + <p>God, for his gracë, this amend!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Ayenst penaunce they use delytes,</p> <p>Ayenst suffraunce, strong defence;</p> <p>Ayenst god they use yvel rightes,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">520</div></div><p>Agaynst pitè, punishments;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">520</div></div><p>Agaynst pitè, punishments;</p> <p>Open yvell ayenst continence;</p> <p>Hir wicked winning wors dispend;</p> <p>Sobrenesse they sette in-to dispence;</p> @@ -12441,7 +12404,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">525</div></div><p>Why cleymen they hoolly his powére,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">525</div></div><p>Why cleymen they hoolly his powére,</p> <p>And wranglen ayenst all his hestes?</p> <p>His living folowen they nothing here,</p> <p>But liven wors than witles beestes.</p> @@ -12458,7 +12421,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>All such ben falser than ben fendes.</p> <p>On the people they ley such bendes,</p> <p>As god is in erthe, they han offend;</p> - <p>Sucour for suchë Christ now sende us.</p> + <p>Sucour for suchë Christ now sende us.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">540</div></div><p>And, for his mercy, this amend!</p> </div> @@ -12466,9 +12429,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>A token of Antichrist they be,</p> <p>His careckes ben now wyde y-know;</p> <p>Receyved to preche shall no man be</p> - <p>Without[ë] token of him, I trow.</p> + <p>Without[ë] token of him, I trow.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">545</div></div><p>Ech Christen preest to prechen ow,</p> - <p>From god abovë they ben send.</p> + <p>From god abovë they ben send.</p> <p>Goddes word to all folk for to show,</p> <p>Sinfull man for to amend.</p> </div> @@ -12497,8 +12460,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">565</div></div><p>They take on hem royáll powére,</p> - <p>And saye, they havë swerdes two,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">565</div></div><p>They take on hem royáll powére,</p> + <p>And saye, they havë swerdes two,</p> <p>Oon curse to hell, oon slee men here;</p> <p>For at his taking Christ had no mo,</p> <p>Yet Peter had [that] oon of tho.</p> @@ -12520,7 +12483,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>So successours to Peter be they nought</p> - <p>Whom [that] Christ madë cheef pastour;</p> + <p>Whom [that] Christ madë cheef pastour;</p> <p>A swerd no shep[h]erde usen ought</p> <p>But he wold slee as a bochour.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">585</div></div><p>For who-so were Peters successour</p> @@ -12543,7 +12506,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>After Christ had take Peter the kay,</p> - <p>Christ sayd, he mustë dye for man;</p> + <p>Christ sayd, he mustë dye for man;</p> <p>That Peter to Christ gan withsay;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">600</div></div><p>Christ bad him, 'go behind, Sathan!'</p> <p>Such counsaylours many of these men han</p> @@ -12555,7 +12518,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">605</div></div><p>For Sathan is to say no more</p> <p>But he that contrary to Christ is;</p> - <p>In this they lernë Peters lore,</p> + <p>In this they lernë Peters lore,</p> <p>They sewen him whan he did mis;</p> <p>They folowe Peter forsothe in this,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">610</div></div><p>In al that Christ wolde †him reprende,</p> @@ -12587,11 +12550,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Were Christ on erthë here eft-soon,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">630</div></div><p>These wolde dampnë him to dye;</p> + <p>Were Christ on erthë here eft-soon,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">630</div></div><p>These wolde dampnë him to dye;</p> <p>All his hestes they han fordon,</p> <p>And sayn, his sawes ben heresy;</p> - <p>Ayenst his †maundëments they cry,</p> + <p>Ayenst his †maundëments they cry,</p> <p>And dampne all his to be [y-]brend;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">635</div></div><p>For it lyketh nat hem, such losengery;</p> <p>God almighty hem amend!</p> @@ -12600,7 +12563,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>These han more might in England here</p> <p>Than hath the king and all his lawe,</p> - <p>They han purchased hem such powére</p> + <p>They han purchased hem such powére</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">640</div></div><p>To taken hem whom [they] list nat knawe;</p> <p>And say, that heresy is hir sawe,</p> <p>And so to prison woll hem send;</p> @@ -12614,7 +12577,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But, if any man these misqueme,</p> <p>He shal be baited as a bere;</p> <p>And yet wel wors they woll him tere,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">650</div></div><p>And in prisón woll hem [be] pend</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">650</div></div><p>And in prisón woll hem [be] pend</p> <p>In gyves, and in other gere;</p> <p>Whan god woll, it may [a]mend.</p> <!-- Page 168 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page168"></a>[168]</span> @@ -12622,10 +12585,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The king taxeth nat his men</p> - <p>But by assent of the comminaltè;</p> + <p>But by assent of the comminaltè;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">655</div></div><p>But these, ech yere, woll raunsom hem</p> <p>Maysterfully, more than doth he;</p> - <p>Hir seles, by yerë, better be</p> + <p>Hir seles, by yerë, better be</p> <p>Than is the kinges in extend;</p> <p>Hir officers han gretter fee;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">660</div></div><p>But this mischeef [may] god amend!</p> @@ -12633,8 +12596,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>For who-so woll prove a testament</p> - <p>Thát is natt all worth ten pound,</p> - <p>He shall paye for the parchëment</p> + <p>Thát is natt all worth ten pound,</p> + <p>He shall paye for the parchëment</p> <p>The third part of the money all round.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">665</div></div><p>Thus the people is raunsound,</p> <p>They say, such part to hem shulde apend;</p> @@ -12670,8 +12633,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Han in this lande as moch lay-fee,</p> <p>Lordshippes, and possessio[u]ns</p> <p>More than the lordes, it semeth me!</p> - <p>That maketh hem lese charitè,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">690</div></div><p>They mowë nat to god attend;</p> + <p>That maketh hem lese charitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">690</div></div><p>They mowë nat to god attend;</p> <p>In erthe they have so high degree,</p> <p>God, for his mercy, it amend!</p> </div> @@ -12680,7 +12643,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>The emperour yaf the pope somtyme</p> <p>So hyghe lordship him about,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">695</div></div><p>That, at [the] laste, the sely kyme,</p> - <p>The proudë popë putte him out!</p> + <p>The proudë popë putte him out!</p> <p>So of this realme is in dout,</p> <p>But lordes be ware and †hem defend;</p> <p>For now these folk be wonder stout,</p> @@ -12700,7 +12663,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Moyses lawe forbood it tho,</p> <p>That preestes shuld no lordshippes welde,</p> <p>Christes gospel biddeth also</p> - <p>Thát they shuld no lordship helde;</p> + <p>Thát they shuld no lordship helde;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">705</div></div><p>Ne Christes apostels were never so bold</p> <p>No such lordshippes to †hem enbrace;</p> <p>But smeren hir sheep and kepe hir fold;</p> @@ -12721,9 +12684,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p style="margin-left:1.2em"><b>Grifon.</b> "What canst thou preche ayenst chanons</p> - <p>Thát men clepen seculere?"</p> + <p>Thát men clepen seculere?"</p> <p style="margin-left:1.2em"><b>Pelican.</b> "They ben curates of many towns,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">720</div></div><p>On erthë they have greet powére.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">720</div></div><p>On erthë they have greet powére.</p> <p>They han greet prebendes and dere,</p> <p>Some two or three, and some [han] mo,</p> <p>A personage to ben a playing-fere,</p> @@ -12731,12 +12694,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">725</div></div><p>And let to fermë all that fare</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">725</div></div><p>And let to fermë all that fare</p> <p>To whom that woll most give therfore;</p> <p>Some woll spende, and some woll spare,</p> <p>And some woll laye it up in store.</p> <p>A cure of soule[s] they care nat for,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">730</div></div><p>Só they mowë money take;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">730</div></div><p>Só they mowë money take;</p> <p>Whether hir soules be wonne or lore,</p> <p>Hir profits they woll nat forsake.</p> </div> @@ -12755,8 +12718,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Therwith they purchase hem lay-fee</p> - <p>In londë, there hem lyketh best,</p> - <p>And builde †als brode as a citè</p> + <p>In londë, there hem lyketh best,</p> + <p>And builde †als brode as a citè</p> <p>Both in the est, and eke in the west.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">745</div></div><p>To purchase thus they ben ful prest,</p> <p>But on the pore they woll nought spend,</p> @@ -12768,7 +12731,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>By hir service such woll live,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">750</div></div><p>And trusse that other in-to tresour;</p> <p>Though all hir parish dye unshrive,</p> - <p>They woll nat give a rosë-flour.</p> + <p>They woll nat give a rosë-flour.</p> <p>Hir lyf shuld be as a mirrour</p> <p>Bothe to lered and to leude also,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">755</div></div><p>And teche the people hir leel labour;</p> @@ -12776,7 +12739,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Some of hem ben hardë nigges,</p> + <p>Some of hem ben hardë nigges,</p> <p>And some of hem ben proude and gay;</p> <p>Some spende hir good upon [hir] gigges,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">760</div></div><p>And finden hem of greet aray.</p> @@ -12792,7 +12755,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Though the pore parishens for hunger dye,</p> <p>O peny on hem wil they nat spende.</p> <p>Have they receivinge of the rent,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">770</div></div><p>They reck never of the remënant;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">770</div></div><p>They reck never of the remënant;</p> <p>Alas! the devill hath clene hem blent!</p> <p>Suche oon is Sathanas sojournant.</p> <!-- Page 172 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page172"></a>[172]</span> @@ -12800,10 +12763,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And usen horedom and harlotry,</p> - <p>Covetysë, pompe, and pride,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">775</div></div><p>Slouthë, wrathe, and eke envy,</p> + <p>Covetysë, pompe, and pride,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">775</div></div><p>Slouthë, wrathe, and eke envy,</p> <p>And sewen sinne by every syde.</p> - <p>Alas! where thinkë such t'abyde?</p> + <p>Alas! where thinkë such t'abyde?</p> <p>How woll they accomptes yeld?</p> <p>From hy god they mow hem nat hyde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">780</div></div><p>Such willers wit is nat worth a neld.</p> @@ -12815,7 +12778,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Served with so many messe,</p> <p>Hem thinketh that manna is no mete.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">785</div></div><p>All is good that they mow get,</p> - <p>They wenë to live evermore;</p> + <p>They wenë to live evermore;</p> <p>But, whan god at dome is set,</p> <p>Such tresour is a feble store.</p> </div> @@ -12828,7 +12791,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>He woll serve bothe erl and king</p> <p>For his fynding and his fee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">795</div></div><p>And hyde his tything and his offring;</p> - <p>This is a feble charitè.</p> + <p>This is a feble charitè.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12848,7 +12811,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And begylen men in Christes name;</p> <p>They ben unstedfast and unstable;</p> <p>To tray hir lord, hem thinketh no shame.</p> - <p>To servë god they ben full lame,</p> + <p>To servë god they ben full lame,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">810</div></div><p>Goddes theves, and falsly stele;</p> <p>And falsly goddes word defame;</p> <p>In winning is hir worldes wele.</p> @@ -12860,14 +12823,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">815</div></div><p>With Antichrist such [folk] shull fall,</p> <p>They folowen him in dede and fay;</p> <p>They servin him in riche array,</p> - <p>To servë Christ such falsly fayn;</p> + <p>To servë Christ such falsly fayn;</p> <p>Why, at the dredful domes day,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">820</div></div><p>Shull they not folowe him to payn?</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>That knowen hem-self, that they don ill</p> - <p>Ayenst Christes commaundëment,</p> + <p>Ayenst Christes commaundëment,</p> <p>And amende hem never ne will,</p> <p>But serve Sathan by one assent.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">825</div></div><p>Who sayth [the] sothe, he shal be shent,</p> @@ -12880,10 +12843,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Pope, bishoppes, and cardinals,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">830</div></div><p>Chanons, persons, and vicaire,</p> <p>In goddes service, I trow, ben fals,</p> - <p>That sacramentës sellen here.</p> + <p>That sacramentës sellen here.</p> <p>And ben as proude as Lucifere;</p> <p>Ech man loke whether that I ly!</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">835</div></div><p>Who-so speketh ayenst hir powére,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">835</div></div><p>Who-so speketh ayenst hir powére,</p> <p>It shall be holden heresy.</p> <!-- Page 174 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page174"></a>[174]</span> </div> @@ -12901,13 +12864,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">845</div></div><p>Loke how many among hem all</p> - <p>Holden not this hyë way!</p> + <p>Holden not this hyë way!</p> <p>With Antichrist they shullen fall,</p> <p>For they wolden god betray.</p> <p>God amende hem, that best may!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">850</div></div><p>For many men they maken shende;</p> <p>They weten well, the sothe I say,</p> - <p>Bút the divell hath foule hem blend.</p> + <p>Bút the divell hath foule hem blend.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -12915,7 +12878,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Apparailled porely, proude of port;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">855</div></div><p>The seven sacraments they don sell,</p> <p>In cattel-cacching is hir comfort.</p> - <p>Of ech mattér they wollen mell,</p> + <p>Of ech mattér they wollen mell,</p> <p>And don hem wrong is hir disport;</p> <p>To afray the people they ben fell,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">860</div></div><p>And holde hem lower then doth the lord.</p> @@ -12927,9 +12890,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>They make men swere upon a boke;</p> <p>Thus they foulen Christes fay.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">865</div></div><p>Such beren yvell heven-kay,</p> - <p>They mowen assoyl, they mowë shryve;</p> + <p>They mowen assoyl, they mowë shryve;</p> <p>With mennes wyves strongly play,</p> - <p>With trewë tillers sturte and stryve</p> + <p>With trewë tillers sturte and stryve</p> <!-- Page 175 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page175"></a>[175]</span> </div> @@ -12938,7 +12901,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">870</div></div><p>And chefe chauntours at the nale;</p> <p>Market-beters, and medling make,</p> <p>Hoppen and houten with heve and hale.</p> - <p>At fayrë freshe, and at wynë stale,</p> + <p>At fayrë freshe, and at wynë stale,</p> <p>Dyne and drinke, and make debat;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">875</div></div><p>The seven sacraments set at sale;</p> <p>How kepe such the kayes of heven-gat?</p> @@ -12950,18 +12913,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>To speke they shull not be so bolde</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">880</div></div><p>For sompning to the consistory;</p> <p>And make hem say [with] mouth "I ly,"</p> - <p>Though they it sawë with hir y;</p> + <p>Though they it sawë with hir y;</p> <p>His lemman holden openly,</p> - <p>No man so hardy to axë why!</p> + <p>No man so hardy to axë why!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">885</div></div><p>He wol have tythinge and offringe,</p> - <p>Maugrè who-so-ever it gruche;</p> - <p>And twyës on the day woll singe;</p> + <p>Maugrè who-so-ever it gruche;</p> + <p>And twyës on the day woll singe;</p> <p>Goddes prestes nere none suche!</p> <p>He mot on hunting with dogge and bic[c]he,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">890</div></div><p>And blowen his horn, and cryën "hey!"</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">890</div></div><p>And blowen his horn, and cryën "hey!"</p> <p>And sorcery usen as a wicche;</p> <p>Such kepen yvell Peters key.</p> </div> @@ -12973,7 +12936,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And say, that it is full of might;</p> <p>About such, men sette up greet light,</p> <p>Other such stockes shull stand therby</p> - <p>As darkë as it were midnight,</p> + <p>As darkë as it were midnight,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">900</div></div><p>For it may make no ma[i]stry.</p> <!-- Page 176 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page176"></a>[176]</span> </div> @@ -12994,8 +12957,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">910</div></div><p>That ben [in] Christes own lykenesse,</p> <p>Men shullen offre at hir dore</p> <p>That suffren honger and distresse;</p> - <p>And to suche imáges offre lesse,</p> - <p>That mow not felë thurst ne cold;</p> + <p>And to suche imáges offre lesse,</p> + <p>That mow not felë thurst ne cold;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">915</div></div><p>The pore in spirit gan Christ blesse,</p> <p>Therfore offreth to feble and old.</p> </div> @@ -13012,12 +12975,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">925</div></div><p>Of scarlet and grene gay[ë] gownes,</p> - <p>That mot be shapë for the newe,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">925</div></div><p>Of scarlet and grene gay[ë] gownes,</p> + <p>That mot be shapë for the newe,</p> <p>To clippen and kissen counten in townes</p> <p>The damoseles that to the daunce sewe;</p> <p>Cutted clothes to sewe hir hewe,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">930</div></div><p>With longë pykes on hir shoon;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">930</div></div><p>With longë pykes on hir shoon;</p> <p>Our goddes gospell is not trewe,</p> <p>Eyther they serven the divell or noon!</p> <!-- Page 177 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page177"></a>[177]</span> @@ -13025,7 +12988,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Now ben prestes pokes so wyde,</p> - <p>Men must enlarge the vestëment;</p> + <p>Men must enlarge the vestëment;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">935</div></div><p>The holy gospell they don hyde,</p> <p>For they contrarien in rayment.</p> <p>Such preestes of Lucifer ben sent,</p> @@ -13035,14 +12998,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Shryft-silver suchë wollen aske is,</p> - <p>And woll men crepë to the crouche;</p> + <p>Shryft-silver suchë wollen aske is,</p> + <p>And woll men crepë to the crouche;</p> <p>None of the sacraments, save askes,</p> - <p>Without[ë] mede shall no man touche.</p> + <p>Without[ë] mede shall no man touche.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">945</div></div><p>On hir bishop their warant vouche,</p> - <p>That is lawe of the decrè;</p> + <p>That is lawe of the decrè;</p> <p>With mede and money thus they mouche,</p> - <p>And †this, they sayn, is charitè!</p> + <p>And †this, they sayn, is charitè!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -13062,7 +13025,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And holden forth hir harlotry;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">960</div></div><p>Such prelats ben of feble empryse.</p> <p>Of goddes grame such men agryse,</p> - <p>For such mattérs that taken mede;</p> + <p>For such mattérs that taken mede;</p> <p>How they excuse hem, and in what wyse,</p> <p>Me thinketh, they ought greetly drede.</p> <!-- Page 178 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page178"></a>[178]</span> @@ -13075,14 +13038,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And therwith maynteyn wo and werre.</p> <p>Hir dedes shuld be as bright as sterre,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">970</div></div><p>Hir living, lewed mannes light;</p> - <p>They say, the popë may not erre,</p> - <p>Nede must that passë mannes might.</p> + <p>They say, the popë may not erre,</p> + <p>Nede must that passë mannes might.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Though a prest ly with his lemman al night,</p> <p>And tellen his felowe, and he him,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">975</div></div><p>He goth to massë anon-right,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">975</div></div><p>He goth to massë anon-right,</p> <p>And sayeth, he singeth out of sinne!</p> <p>His bryde abydeth him at his inne,</p> <p>And dighteth his dyner the mene whyle;</p> @@ -13095,7 +13058,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And that they usen forth all the yere;</p> <p>Among the folk when he is set,</p> <p>He holdeth no man half his pere;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">985</div></div><p>Of the bishop he hath powére</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">985</div></div><p>Of the bishop he hath powére</p> <p>To soyle men, or els they ben lore;</p> <p>His absolucion may make †hem skere;</p> <p>And wo is the soul that he singeth for!"</p> @@ -13109,13 +13072,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Saynt Benet, that hir order brought,</p> <p>Ne made hem never on such manere;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">995</div></div><p>I trowe, it cam never in his thought</p> - <p>That they shulde use so greet powér[e];</p> + <p>That they shulde use so greet powér[e];</p> <!-- Page 179 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page179"></a>[179]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>That a man shulde a monk lord cal,</p> - <p>Ne serve on kneës, as a king.</p> + <p>Ne serve on kneës, as a king.</p> <p>He is as proud as prince in pall</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1000</div></div><p>In mete, and drink, and [in] all thing;</p> <p>Some weren myter and ring,</p> @@ -13139,7 +13102,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Now they ben queynte and curious,</p> <p>With fyn cloth cladde, and served clene,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1015</div></div><p>Proude, angry, and envyous,</p> - <p>Malyce is mochë that they mene.</p> + <p>Malyce is mochë that they mene.</p> <p>In cacching crafty and covetous,</p> <p>Lordly liven in greet lyking;</p> <p>This living is not religious</p> @@ -13151,9 +13114,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Hir pore tenaunts fully they flyte;</p> <p>The hyer that a man amerced be,</p> <p>The gladlyer they woll it wryte.</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1025</div></div><p>This is fer from Christes povertè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1025</div></div><p>This is fer from Christes povertè,</p> <p>For all with covetyse they endyte;</p> - <p>On the pore they have no pitè,</p> + <p>On the pore they have no pitè,</p> <p>Ne never hem cherish, but ever hem byte.</p> <!-- Page 180 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page180"></a>[180]</span> </div> @@ -13172,7 +13135,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>All this the monkes han forsake</p> <p>For Christes love and saynt Benet;</p> - <p>To pryde and esë have hem take;</p> + <p>To pryde and esë have hem take;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1040</div></div><p>This religio[u]n is yvell beset.</p> <p>Had they ben out of religioun,</p> <p>They must have honged at the plow,</p> @@ -13197,8 +13160,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1055</div></div><p>Saynt Benet with hem never met</p> <p>But-if they thought to robbe his purse!</p> <p>I can no more herof [now] tell,</p> - <p>But they ben lykë tho before,</p> - <p>And clenë serve the divell of hell,</p> + <p>But they ben lykë tho before,</p> + <p>And clenë serve the divell of hell,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1060</div></div><p>And ben his tresour and his store.</p> <!-- Page 181 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page181"></a>[181]</span> </div> @@ -13226,7 +13189,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Shuld holy churchë have no heed?</p> + <p>Shuld holy churchë have no heed?</p> <p>Who shuld be her governayl?</p> <p>Who shuld her rule, who shuld her reed,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1080</div></div><p>Who shuld her forthren, who shuld avayl?</p> @@ -13252,11 +13215,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>If the pope and prelats wold</p> <p>So begge and bidde, bowe, and borowe,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1095</div></div><p>Holy churche shuld stand full cold,</p> - <p>Hir servaunts sitte and soupë sorowe!</p> + <p>Hir servaunts sitte and soupë sorowe!</p> <p>And they were noughty, foule, and horowe,</p> - <p>To worship god men woldë wlate;</p> + <p>To worship god men woldë wlate;</p> <p>Bothe on even and on morowe</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1100</div></div><p>Such harlotry men woldë hate.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1100</div></div><p>Such harlotry men woldë hate.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -13285,29 +13248,29 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That taketh maystry in his name,</p> <p>Gostly, and for erthly good;</p> <p>Kinges and lordes shuld lordship han,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1120</div></div><p>And rule the people with myldë mode.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1120</div></div><p>And rule the people with myldë mode.</p> <p>Christ, for us that shedde his blood,</p> <p>Bad his preestes no maystership have,</p> - <p>Ne carkë nat for cloth ne fode;</p> + <p>Ne carkë nat for cloth ne fode;</p> <p>From every mischef he will hem save.</p> <!-- Page 183 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page183"></a>[183]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1125</div></div><p>Hir riche clothing shal be rightwysnesse,</p> - <p>Hir tresour, trewë lyf shal be;</p> - <p>Charitè shal be hir richesse,</p> - <p>Hir lordship shal be unitè;</p> - <p>Hope in god, hir honestè;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1130</div></div><p>Hir vessell, clenë conscience;</p> - <p>Pore in spirit, and humilitè,</p> + <p>Hir tresour, trewë lyf shal be;</p> + <p>Charitè shal be hir richesse,</p> + <p>Hir lordship shal be unitè;</p> + <p>Hope in god, hir honestè;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1130</div></div><p>Hir vessell, clenë conscience;</p> + <p>Pore in spirit, and humilitè,</p> <p>Shal be holy churches defence."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>"What," sayd the Griffon, "may thee greve</p> <p>That other folkes faren wele?</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1135</div></div><p>What hast thou to donë with hir †leve?</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1135</div></div><p>What hast thou to donë with hir †leve?</p> <p>Thy falsheed ech man may fele.</p> <p>For thou canst no catell gete,</p> <p>But livest in londe, as a lorell,</p> @@ -13322,7 +13285,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Thou woldest other people distry,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1145</div></div><p>With your glose, and your heresy,</p> <p>For ye can live no better lyf,</p> - <p>But clenë in hypocrisy,</p> + <p>But clenë in hypocrisy,</p> <p>And bringest thee in wo and stryf.</p> </div> @@ -13330,8 +13293,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And therwith have [ye] not to done,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1150</div></div><p>For ye ne have[n] here no cure;</p> <p>Ye serve the divell, †not god ne man,</p> - <p>And he shall payë you your hyre.</p> - <p>For ye woll farë well at feestes,</p> + <p>And he shall payë you your hyre.</p> + <p>For ye woll farë well at feestes,</p> <p>And warm [be] clothed for the colde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1155</div></div><p>Therfore ye glose goddes hestes,</p> <p>And begyle the people, yonge and olde.</p> @@ -13368,40 +13331,40 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p style="margin-left:1.2em">The Pellican sayd, "Sir, nay, [nay],</p> <p>I dispysed not the pope,</p> <p>Ne no sacrament, soth to say;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1180</div></div><p>But speke in charitè and good hope.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1180</div></div><p>But speke in charitè and good hope.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>But I dispyse hir hyë pryde,</p> + <p>But I dispyse hir hyë pryde,</p> <p>Hir richesse, that shuld be pore in spryt;</p> <p>Hir wickednesse is knowe so wyde,</p> - <p>They servë god in fals habyt;</p> + <p>They servë god in fals habyt;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1185</div></div><p>And turnen mekenesse into pryde,</p> - <p>And lowlinesse into hy degrè,</p> + <p>And lowlinesse into hy degrè,</p> <p>And goddes wordes turne and hyde;</p> - <p>And that am I moved by charitè</p> + <p>And that am I moved by charitè</p> <!-- Page 185 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page185"></a>[185]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>To lettë men to livë so</p> + <p>To lettë men to livë so</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1190</div></div><p>With all my conning and al my might,</p> <p>And to warne men of hir wo</p> <p>And to tell hem trouth and right.</p> - <p>The sacraments be soulë-hele</p> + <p>The sacraments be soulë-hele</p> <p>If they ben used in good use;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1195</div></div><p>Ayenst that speke I never a del,</p> <p>For then were I nothing wyse.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>But they that use hem in mis manére,</p> + <p>But they that use hem in mis manére,</p> <p>Or sette hem up to any sale,</p> <p>I trow, they shall abye hem dere;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1200</div></div><p>This is my reson, this is my tale.</p> <p>Who-so taketh hem unrightfulliche</p> - <p>Ayenst the ten commaundëments,</p> - <p>Or by glosë wrechedliche</p> + <p>Ayenst the ten commaundëments,</p> + <p>Or by glosë wrechedliche</p> <p>Selleth any of the sacraments,</p> </div> @@ -13411,7 +13374,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And therto, I dar well wage,</p> <p>They serven Satan for al her song.</p> <p>To tythen and offren is hoolsom lyf,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1210</div></div><p>So it be don in dew manére;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1210</div></div><p>So it be don in dew manére;</p> <p>A man to houselin and to shryve,</p> <p>Wedding, and all the other in-fere,</p> </div> @@ -13422,7 +13385,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1215</div></div><p>And it be so taken, it is nought;</p> <p>Who selleth hem so, may sore agryse.</p> <p>On our Lordes body I do not ly,</p> - <p>I say soth, thorow trewë rede,</p> + <p>I say soth, thorow trewë rede,</p> <p>His flesh and blood, through his mystry,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1220</div></div><p>Is there, in the forme of brede.</p> <!-- Page 186 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page186"></a>[186]</span> @@ -13435,7 +13398,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>So is he there, verament.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1225</div></div><p>If pope or cardinall live good lyve,</p> <p>As Christ commaunded in his gospell,</p> - <p>†Ayenës that woll I not stryve;</p> + <p>†Ayenës that woll I not stryve;</p> <p>But, me thinketh, they live not well.</p> </div> @@ -13452,8 +13415,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Ye shullen be hanged and to-drawe.</p> - <p>Who giveth you levë for to preche,</p> - <p>Or speke †agaynës goddes lawe,</p> + <p>Who giveth you levë for to preche,</p> + <p>Or speke †agaynës goddes lawe,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1240</div></div><p>And the people thus falsly teche?</p> <p>Thou shalt be cursed with boke and bell,</p> <p>And dissevered from holy churche,</p> @@ -13466,7 +13429,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Your cursinge is of litell value;</p> <p>Of god I hope to have my mede,</p> <p>For it is falshed that ye shewe.</p> - <p>For ye ben out of charitè</p> + <p>For ye ben out of charitè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1250</div></div><p>And wilneth vengeaunce, as did Nero;</p> <p>To suffren I woll redy be;</p> <p>I drede not that thou canst do.</p> @@ -13486,7 +13449,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Wolde ye turne and leve your pryde,</p> - <p>Your hyë port, and your richesse,</p> + <p>Your hyë port, and your richesse,</p> <p>Your cursing shuld not go so wyde;</p> <p>God bring you into rightwysnesse!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1265</div></div><p>For I drede not your tyranny,</p> @@ -13498,20 +13461,20 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The Griffon grinned as he were wood,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1270</div></div><p>And loked lovely as an owle!</p> - <p>And swor, by cockes hertë blood,</p> - <p>He wolde him terë, every doule!</p> + <p>And swor, by cockes hertë blood,</p> + <p>He wolde him terë, every doule!</p> <p>"Holy churche thou disclaundrest foule!</p> <p>For thy resons I woll thee all to-race;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1275</div></div><p>And make thy flesh to rote and moule;</p> - <p>Losell, thou shalt have hardë grace!"</p> + <p>Losell, thou shalt have hardë grace!"</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>The Griffon flew forth on his way;</p> <p>The Pellican did sitte and weep;</p> - <p>And to him-selfë he gan say,</p> + <p>And to him-selfë he gan say,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1280</div></div><p>"God wolde that any of Christes sheep</p> - <p>Had herd, and y-takë kepe</p> + <p>Had herd, and y-takë kepe</p> <p>Eche a word that here sayd was,</p> <p>And wolde it wryte and well it kepe!</p> <p>God wolde it were all, for his grace!"</p> @@ -13524,7 +13487,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p style="margin-left:1.2em"><b>Pelican.</b> He sayd, "yes; these that god han sold;</p> <p>For they han [greet] store of money!"</p> <p style="margin-left:1.2em"><b>Plowman.</b> I sayd, "tell me, and thou may,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1290</div></div><p>Why tellest thou mennës trespace?"</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1290</div></div><p>Why tellest thou mennës trespace?"</p> <p style="margin-left:1.2em"><b>Pelican.</b> He said, "to amende hem, in good fay,</p> <p>If god woll give me any grace.</p> </div> @@ -13534,7 +13497,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That for his people dyed on rode;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1295</div></div><p>As fare I, right so fareth he,</p> <p>He fedeth his birdes with his blode.</p> - <p>But these don yvell †ayenës good,</p> + <p>But these don yvell †ayenës good,</p> <p>And ben his foon under frendes face;</p> <p>I tolde hem how hir living stood;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1300</div></div><p>God amende hem, for his grace!"</p> @@ -13570,7 +13533,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1320</div></div><p>And in erth holdeth non his pere;</p> <p>So fareth this foul, both fer and nere;</p> <p>With temporel strength they people chase,</p> - <p>As a lyon proud in erthë here;</p> + <p>As a lyon proud in erthë here;</p> <p>God amende hem for hys grace!"</p> </div> @@ -13589,7 +13552,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>With the Griffon comen foules fele,</p> <p>Ravins, rokes, crowes, and pye,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1335</div></div><p>Gray foules, agadred wele,</p> - <p>Y-gurd, above they woldë hye.</p> + <p>Y-gurd, above they woldë hye.</p> <p>Gledes and bosardes weren hem by;</p> <p>Whyt molles and puttockes token hir place;</p> <p>And lapwinges, that wel conneth ly,</p> @@ -13610,7 +13573,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>He slew hem down without mercy,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1350</div></div><p>Ther astartë neyther free ne thrall;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1350</div></div><p>Ther astartë neyther free ne thrall;</p> <p>On him they cast a rufull cry</p> <p>When the Griffon down was fall.</p> <p>He beet hem not, but slew hem all;</p> @@ -13623,10 +13586,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>The Pellican then axed right,</p> <p>"For my wryting if I have blame,</p> <p>Who woll for me fight of flight?</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1360</div></div><p>Who shall sheldë me from shame?</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1360</div></div><p>Who shall sheldë me from shame?</p> <p style="margin-left:1.2em">He that had a mayd to dame,</p> <p>The lamb that slayn [for sinners] was,</p> - <p>Shall sheldë me from gostly blame;</p> + <p>Shall sheldë me from gostly blame;</p> <p>For erthly harm is goddes grace.</p> </div> @@ -13644,7 +13607,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Wyteth the Pellican, and not me,</p> <p>For herof I nil not avowe,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1375</div></div><p>In hy ne in low, ne in no degrè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1375</div></div><p>In hy ne in low, ne in no degrè,</p> <p>But as a fable take it ye mowe.</p> <p>To holy churche I will me bowe;</p> <p>Ech man to amende him, Christ send space!</p> @@ -13851,7 +13814,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> me. 815. suche; <i>supply</i> folk. 818. suche falsely fayne. 819. dredeful. 820. payne. 821. selfe; done. 825. <i>Supply</i> the. 826. her false. 828. suche. 830. <i>Read</i> vikere. 831. trowe; false. 834. Eche; - lye. 835. <i>Read</i> Who speke ayeinës; her.</p> + lye. 835. <i>Read</i> Who speke ayeinës; her.</p> <p>837. howe. 838. Onely; Christe. 840. or (<i>read</i> on). 841. trowe. 843. <i>Supply</i> same. 845. howe; amonge. 846. waye. 848. betraye. 849. @@ -13859,7 +13822,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> poorely; porte. 855. sacramentes; done. 856. catchynge; her comforte. 857. eche. 858. done; wronge; her dysporte. 859. afraye. 860. lorde. 862. aye. 863. sweare. 865. Suche bearen; heauen. 866. assoyle. 868. true - (<i>better</i> trewë).</p> + (<i>better</i> trewë).</p> <p>869. wrestlynge. 871. Markette beaters; medlynge. 874. debate. 875. sacramentes; sayle (!). 876. Howe; suche; gate. 879. speake. 880. @@ -14012,11 +13975,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>Saynt Paul techeth, that al our dedes shuld be don in charitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">20</div></div><p>Saynt Paul techeth, that al our dedes shuld be don in charitè,</p> <p>and els it is nought worth, but displesing to god and harm to</p> <p>oure owne soules. And for because freres chalengen to be</p> <p>gretest clerkes of the church, and next folowinge Christ in</p> - <p>livinge, men shulde, for charitè, axe hem some questions, and</p> + <p>livinge, men shulde, for charitè, axe hem some questions, and</p> <!-- Page 192 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page192"></a>[192]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">25</div></div><p>pray hem to grounde their answers in reson and in holy writ; for</p> <p>els their answere wolde nought be worth, be it florished never so</p> @@ -14069,7 +14032,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>7. If ye saye it betokeneth love and charitè, certes, than ye be</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">55</div></div><p>7. If ye saye it betokeneth love and charitè, certes, than ye be</p> <p>ofte ypocrites, whan ony of you hateth other, and in that, that ye</p> <p>wollen be said holy by youre clothinge.</p> </div> @@ -14139,7 +14102,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">90</div></div><p>18. If youre letters be good, why graunte ye them not generally</p> - <p>to al maner men, for the more charitè?</p> + <p>to al maner men, for the more charitè?</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -14154,7 +14117,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>of you, to take therfore ten shillinges, or at the leest fyve</p> <p>shillinges, will bringe soules out of helle, or out of purgatorye?</p> <p>If this be sooth, certes, ye might bring all soules out of payne.</p> - <p>And that wolle ye nought; and than ye be out of charitè.</p> + <p>And that wolle ye nought; and than ye be out of charitè.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -14284,13 +14247,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">165</div></div><p>man begge but him neded. And if it be the leest perfeccion, why</p> <p>lovest thou than other men more than thy-selfe? For so thou art</p> <!-- Page 196 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page196"></a>[196]</span> - <p>not well in charitè; sith thou shuldest seke the more perfeccion</p> + <p>not well in charitè; sith thou shuldest seke the more perfeccion</p> <p>after thy power, livinge thy-selfe moost after god; and thus, leving</p> <p>that imperfeccion, thou shuldest not so begge for hem. And if</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">170</div></div><p>it is a good mene thus to begge as thou doest, than shuld no man</p> <p>do so but they ben in this good mene; and yet such a mene,</p> <p>graunted to you, may never be grounded in goddes lawe; for</p> - <p>than both lered and lewed that ben in mene degrè of this worlde</p> + <p>than both lered and lewed that ben in mene degrè of this worlde</p> <p>shuld go aboute and begge as ye do. And if all suche shuld do</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">175</div></div><p>so, certes, wel nigh al the world shuld go aboute and begge as</p> <p>ye do: and so shulde there be ten beggers agaynst oon yever.</p> @@ -14348,7 +14311,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>43. What betokeneth that ye go tweyne and tweyne †togeder?</p> - <p>If ye be out of charitè, ye accorden not in soule.</p> + <p>If ye be out of charitè, ye accorden not in soule.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -14362,7 +14325,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>rule? And certes, if it were goddes will, the pope might not</p> <p>fordo it; or els Fraunces was a lyar, that sayde on this wyse.</p> <p>And but this testament that he made accorde with goddes will,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">220</div></div><p>els erred he as a lyar that were out of charitè; and as the law</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">220</div></div><p>els erred he as a lyar that were out of charitè; and as the law</p> <p>sayeth, he is accursed that letteth the rightfull last will of a deed</p> <p>man lacke. And this testament is the last will of Fraunces that</p> <p>is a deed man; it seemeth therefore that all his freres ben</p> @@ -14401,7 +14364,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>49. Why be ye so hardy, to graunte, by letters of fraternitè, to</p> + <p>49. Why be ye so hardy, to graunte, by letters of fraternitè, to</p> <p>men and women, that they shall have part and merit of all your</p> <p>good dedes; and ye witen never whether god be apayed with</p> <p>youre dedes because of youre sinne? Also ye witen never whether</p> @@ -14421,12 +14384,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">260</div></div><p>your sele, that letter †mot be brought in youre holy chapter and</p> <p>there be red; or els ye will not praye for him? But and ye willen</p> <p>not praye specially for all other that weren not mad youre brethren</p> - <p>or sistren, than were ye not in right charitè; for that ought to be</p> + <p>or sistren, than were ye not in right charitè; for that ought to be</p> <p>commune, and namely in goostly thinges.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">265</div></div><p>51. Frere, what charitè is this—to overcharge the people by</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">265</div></div><p>51. Frere, what charitè is this—to overcharge the people by</p> <p>mighty begginge, under colour of prechinge or praying or masses</p> <p>singing? Sith holy writ biddeth not thus, but even the contrary;</p> <p>for al such goostly dedes shulde be don freely, as god yeveth hem</p> @@ -14434,7 +14397,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">270</div></div><p>52. Frere, what charitè is this—to begyle children or they</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">270</div></div><p>52. Frere, what charitè is this—to begyle children or they</p> <p>commen to discrecion, and binde hem to youre orders, that been</p> <!-- Page 199 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page199"></a>[199]</span> <p>not grounded in goddes lawe, against hir frendes wil? Sithen by</p> @@ -14445,7 +14408,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>53. Frere, what charitè is this—to make so mony freres in</p> + <p>53. Frere, what charitè is this—to make so mony freres in</p> <p>every countrey, to the charge of the people? Sith persounes</p> <p>and vicares alone, ye, secular prestes alone, ye, monkes and</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">280</div></div><p>chanons alone, with bishops above hem, were y-nough to the</p> @@ -14465,8 +14428,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>54. Frere, what charitè is this—to lye to the people, and saye</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">295</div></div><p>that ye folowe Christ in povertè more than other men don?</p> + <p>54. Frere, what charitè is this—to lye to the people, and saye</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">295</div></div><p>that ye folowe Christ in povertè more than other men don?</p> <p>And yet, in curious and costly howsinge, and fyne and precious</p> <p>clothing, and delicious and lykinge fedinge, and in tresoure and</p> <p>jewels and riche ornamentes, freres passen lordes and other riche</p> @@ -14475,7 +14438,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>55. Frere, what charitè is this—to †gader up the bokes of holy</p> + <p>55. Frere, what charitè is this—to †gader up the bokes of holy</p> <p>writ and putte hem in tresory, and so emprisoune hem from</p> <p>secular prestes and curates; and by this cautel lette hem to</p> <p>preche the gospell freely to the people without worldly mede; and</p> @@ -14486,24 +14449,24 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>56. Frere, what charitè is this—to fayn so much holines in</p> + <p>56. Frere, what charitè is this—to fayn so much holines in</p> <p>your bodily clothing, that ye clepe your habit, that many blinde</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">310</div></div><p>foles desyren to dye therin more than in an-other? And also,</p> <p>that a frere that leveth his habit (late founden of men), may not</p> <p>be assoiled till he take it again, but is an apostata, as ye sayn,</p> <p>and cursed of god and man both? The frere beleveth treuth and</p> - <p>pacience, chastitè, mekenesse, and sobrietè; yet for the more</p> + <p>pacience, chastitè, mekenesse, and sobrietè; yet for the more</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">315</div></div><p>part of his lyfe he may soone be assoiled of his prior; and if he</p> <p>bringe hoom to his house much good by yere, be it never so</p> <p>falsly begged and pilled of the poore and nedy people in courtes</p> <p>aboute, he shal be hold[en] a noble frere! O lord, whether this</p> - <p>be charitè!</p> + <p>be charitè!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">320</div></div><p>57. Frere, what charitè is this—to prese upon a riche man,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">320</div></div><p>57. Frere, what charitè is this—to prese upon a riche man,</p> <p>and to entyce him to be buried among you from his parish-church,</p> - <p>and to suche riche men geve letters of fraternitè confirmed</p> + <p>and to suche riche men geve letters of fraternitè confirmed</p> <p>by youre generall sele, and therby to bere him in honde that he</p> <p>shall have part of all your masses, matins, prechinges, fastinges,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">325</div></div><p>wakinges, and all other good dedes don by your brethren of youre</p> @@ -14520,23 +14483,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>58. Frere, what charitè is this—to be confessoures of lordes</p> + <p>58. Frere, what charitè is this—to be confessoures of lordes</p> <p>and ladyes, and to other mighty men, and not amend hem in hir</p> <p>living; but rather, as it semeth, to be the bolder to pille hir poore</p> <p>tenauntes and to live in lechery, and there to dwelle in your office</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">340</div></div><p>of confessour, for winning of worldly goodes, and to be holden grete</p> <!-- Page 201 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page201"></a>[201]</span> <p>by colour of suche goostly offices? This seemeth rather pryde</p> - <p>of freres than charitè of god.</p> + <p>of freres than charitè of god.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>59. Frere, what charitè is this—to sayn that who-so liveth</p> + <p>59. Frere, what charitè is this—to sayn that who-so liveth</p> <p>after youre order, liveth most parfitly, and next foloweth the</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">345</div></div><p>state of aposteles in povertè and penaunce; and yet the wysest</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">345</div></div><p>state of aposteles in povertè and penaunce; and yet the wysest</p> <p>and gretest clerkes of you wende, or sende, or procure to the</p> <p>court of Rome to be mad cardinales or bishoppes or the popes</p> - <p>chapelayns, and to be assoiled of the vowe of povertè and</p> + <p>chapelayns, and to be assoiled of the vowe of povertè and</p> <p>obedience to your ministers; in the which, as ye sayn, standeth</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:32.5em;">350</div></div><p>moost perfeccion and merite of youre orders? And thus ye faren</p> <p>as Pharisees, that sayen oon, and do another to the contrarye.</p> @@ -14650,7 +14613,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p style="margin-left:6.1em">¶ Prynted for Jhon Gough.</p> + <p style="margin-left:6.1em">¶ Prynted for Jhon Gough.</p> <p style="margin-left:6.8em">Cum Priuilegio Regali.</p> </div> </div> @@ -14859,7 +14822,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>But though it fil at thilke tyme so,</p> <p>That Alisaundre his asking hath acheved,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>This sinful world was al[le] payën tho;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>This sinful world was al[le] payën tho;</p> <p>Was noon whiche hath the highe god beleved;</p> <p>No wonder was, though thilke world was greved.</p> <p>Though a tyraunt his purpos mighte winne,</p> @@ -14869,7 +14832,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>But now the faith of Crist is come a-place</p> <p>Among the princes in this erthe here,</p> - <p>It sit hem wel to do pitè and grace,</p> + <p>It sit hem wel to do pitè and grace,</p> <p>But yet it mot be tempred in manere.</p> <p>For as they fynden cause in the matere</p> <!-- Page 207 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page207"></a>[207]</span> @@ -14918,13 +14881,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>With pees stant every crëature in reste,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>With pees stant every crëature in reste,</p> <p>Withoute pees ther may no lyf be glad;</p> <p>Above al other good, pees is the beste;</p> <p>Pees hath him-self, whan werre is al bestad;</p> <p>The pees is sauf, the werre is ever adrad.</p> <!-- Page 208 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page208"></a>[208]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>Pees is of al[le] charitè the keye,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>Pees is of al[le] charitè the keye,</p> <p>Whiche hath the lyf and soule for to weye.</p> </div> @@ -14939,11 +14902,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For vayne honóur, or for the worldes good,</p> + <p>For vayne honóur, or for the worldes good,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">100</div></div><p>They that whylom the stronge werres made,</p> <p>Wher be they now? Bethink wel, in thy mood,</p> <p>The day is goon, the night is derke and fade;</p> - <p>Hir crueltè, which made hem thanne glade,</p> + <p>Hir crueltè, which made hem thanne glade,</p> <p>They sorowen now, and yet have naught the more;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>The blood is shad, which no man may restore.</p> </div> @@ -14959,7 +14922,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>The werre bringth in póverte at his heles,</p> + <p>The werre bringth in póverte at his heles,</p> <p>Wherof the comun people is sore greved;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>The werre hath set his cart on thilke wheles</p> <p>Wher that fortune may not be beleved.</p> @@ -14976,7 +14939,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Purchace pees, and sette it by thy syde,</p> <!-- Page 209 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page209"></a>[209]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">125</div></div><p>And suffre nat thy people be devoured;</p> - <p>So shal thy name ever after stande honóured!</p> + <p>So shal thy name ever after stande honóured!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -14985,7 +14948,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Let god be of thy counsayl in this cas,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>And put away the cruel werreyour.</p> <p>For god, whiche is of man the creatour,</p> - <p>He wolde not men slowe his crëature</p> + <p>He wolde not men slowe his crëature</p> <p>Withoute cause of deedly forfayture.</p> </div> @@ -15035,14 +14998,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Of thilke lore, as holy bokes sayn;</p> <p>Crist is the heed, and we be membres alle,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">165</div></div><p>As wel the subject as the soverayn.</p> - <p>So sit it wel, that charitè be playn,</p> + <p>So sit it wel, that charitè be playn,</p> <p>Whiche unto god him-selve most accordeth,</p> <p>So as the lore of Cristes word recordeth.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>In th'olde lawe, or Crist him-self was bore,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>Among the ten comaundëments, I rede,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>Among the ten comaundëments, I rede,</p> <p>How that manslaughter shulde be forbore;</p> <p>Such was the wil, that tyme, of the godhede.</p> <p>But afterward, whan Crist took his manhede,</p> @@ -15055,9 +15018,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And stigh to heven, he made his testament,</p> <p>Wher he bequath to his disciples there</p> <p>And yaf his pees, which is the foundement</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>Of charitè, withouten whos assent</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>Of charitè, withouten whos assent</p> <p>The worldes pees may never wel be tryed,</p> - <p>Ne lovë kept, ne lawë justifyed.</p> + <p>Ne lovë kept, ne lawë justifyed.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -15065,13 +15028,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But they among hem-self stode ever in pees;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">185</div></div><p>Why shulde than our pees stonde out of herre,</p> <p>Which Crist hath chose unto his owne encrees?</p> - <p>For Crist is more than was Moÿses;</p> + <p>For Crist is more than was Moÿses;</p> <p>And Crist hath set the parfit of the lawe,</p> <p>The whiche shulde in no wyse be withdrawe.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">190</div></div><p>To yeve us pees was causë why Crist dyde,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">190</div></div><p>To yeve us pees was causë why Crist dyde,</p> <p>Withoute pees may nothing stonde avayled;</p> <p>But now a man may see on every syde</p> <p>How Cristes fayth is every day assayled,</p> @@ -15097,16 +15060,16 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But Cristes owne cause in special,</p> <p>Ther ben the swerdes and the speres dulle.</p> <p>And with the sentence of the popes bulle</p> - <p>As for to doon the folk payën obeye,</p> + <p>As for to doon the folk payën obeye,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">210</div></div><p>The chirche is tourned al another weye.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>It is wonder, above any mannes wit,</p> <p>Withoute werre how Cristes fayth was wonne;</p> - <p>And we that been upon this erthë yit</p> + <p>And we that been upon this erthë yit</p> <p>Ne kepe it nat as it was first begonne.</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>To every crëature under the sonne</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>To every crëature under the sonne</p> <p>Crist bad him-self, how that we shulde preche,</p> <p>And to the folke his evangely teche.</p> </div> @@ -15133,11 +15096,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>If holy chirche after the dewetè</p> + <p>If holy chirche after the dewetè</p> <p>Of Cristes word ne be nat al avysed</p> - <p>To make pees, accord, and unitè</p> + <p>To make pees, accord, and unitè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">235</div></div><p>Among the kinges that be now devysed,</p> - <p>Yet, natheles, the lawë stant assysed</p> + <p>Yet, natheles, the lawë stant assysed</p> <p>Of mannes wit, to be so resonable</p> <p>Withoute that to stande hem-selve stable.</p> </div> @@ -15180,7 +15143,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>The heed above hem hath nat underfongen</p> <!-- Page 213 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page213"></a>[213]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>To sette pees, but every man sleeth other;</p> - <p>And in this wyse hath charitè no brother.</p> + <p>And in this wyse hath charitè no brother.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -15189,7 +15152,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Between the two, they fallen in a-midde</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">270</div></div><p>Wher now al-day they fynde an open gate.</p> <p>Lo! thus the deedly werre stant al-gate.</p> - <p>But ever I hopë of king Henries grace,</p> + <p>But ever I hopë of king Henries grace,</p> <p>That he it is which shal the pees embrace.</p> </div> @@ -15200,12 +15163,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>As for thy part, that Cristes pees be served.</p> <p>So shal thy highe mede be reserved</p> <p>To him, whiche al shal quyten atte laste;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">280</div></div><p>For this lyf herë may no whyle laste.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">280</div></div><p>For this lyf herë may no whyle laste.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>See Alisandre, Hector, and Julius,</p> - <p>See Machabeus, David, and Josuë,</p> + <p>See Machabeus, David, and Josuë,</p> <p>See Charlemayne, Godfray, and Arthus</p> <p>Fulfild of werre and of mortalitee!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">285</div></div><p>Hir fame abit, but al is vanitee;</p> @@ -15237,7 +15200,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The worldes chaunces upon aventure</p> <p>Ben ever set; but thilke chaunce of pees</p> - <p>Is so behovely to the crëature</p> + <p>Is so behovely to the crëature</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>That it above al other is peerlees.</p> <p>But it may nat †be gete, nathelees,</p> <p>Among the men to lasten any whyle,</p> @@ -15247,7 +15210,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The pees is as it were a sacrament</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">310</div></div><p>To-fore the god, and shal with wordes playne</p> - <p>Withouten any double entendëment</p> + <p>Withouten any double entendëment</p> <p>Be treted; for the trouthe can nat feyne.</p> <p>But if the men within hem-self be vayne,</p> <p>The substaunce of the pees may nat be trewe,</p> @@ -15255,7 +15218,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>But who that is of charitè parfyte,</p> + <p>But who that is of charitè parfyte,</p> <p>He voydeth alle sleightes fer aweye,</p> <p>And set his word upon the same plyte</p> <p>Wher that his herte hath founde a siker weye;</p> @@ -15266,59 +15229,59 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Th'apostel sayth, ther may no lyf be good</p> - <p>Whiche is nat grounded upon charitè;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">325</div></div><p>For charitè ne shedde never blood.</p> - <p>So hath the werre, as ther, no propertè;</p> - <p>For thilke vertue which is sayd 'pitè'</p> - <p>With charitè so ferforth is acquaynted</p> + <p>Whiche is nat grounded upon charitè;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">325</div></div><p>For charitè ne shedde never blood.</p> + <p>So hath the werre, as ther, no propertè;</p> + <p>For thilke vertue which is sayd 'pitè'</p> + <p>With charitè so ferforth is acquaynted</p> <p>That in her may no fals sembla[u]nt be paynted.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">330</div></div><p>Cassodore, whos wryting is authorysed</p> - <p>Sayth: 'wher that pitè regneth, ther is grace';</p> + <p>Sayth: 'wher that pitè regneth, ther is grace';</p> <p>Through which the pees hath al his welthe assysed,</p> <p>So that of werre he dredeth no manace.</p> - <p>Wher pitè dwelleth, in the same place</p> + <p>Wher pitè dwelleth, in the same place</p> <!-- Page 215 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page215"></a>[215]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">335</div></div><p>Ther may no deedly crueltè sojourne</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">335</div></div><p>Ther may no deedly crueltè sojourne</p> <p>Wherof that mercy shulde his wey[e] tourne.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>To see what pitè, forth with mercy, doth,</p> + <p>To see what pitè, forth with mercy, doth,</p> <p>The cronique is at Rome, in thilke empyre</p> <p>Of Constantyn, which is a tale soth,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">340</div></div><p>Whan him was lever his owne deth desyre</p> <p>Than do the yonge children to martyre.</p> <p>Of crueltee he lefte the quarele;</p> - <p>Pitè he wroughte, and pitè was his hele.</p> + <p>Pitè he wroughte, and pitè was his hele.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For thilke mannes pitè which he dede</p> + <p>For thilke mannes pitè which he dede</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">345</div></div><p>God was pitous, and made him hool at al;</p> <p>Silvester cam, and in the same stede</p> <p>Yaf him baptyme first in special,</p> <p>Which dide away the sinne original,</p> <p>And al his lepre it hath so purifyed,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>That his pitè for ever is magnifyed.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>That his pitè for ever is magnifyed.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Pitè was cause why this emperour</p> + <p>Pitè was cause why this emperour</p> <p>Was hool in body and in soule bothe;</p> <p>And Rome also was set in thilke honour</p> <p>Of Cristes fayth, so that the leve, of lothe</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">355</div></div><p>Whiche hadden be with Crist tofore wrothe,</p> - <p>Receyved werë unto Cristes lore.</p> - <p>Thus shal pitè be praysed evermore.</p> + <p>Receyved werë unto Cristes lore.</p> + <p>Thus shal pitè be praysed evermore.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>My worthy liege lord, Henry by name,</p> - <p>Which Engëlond hast to governe and righte,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>Men oughten wel thy pitè to proclame,</p> + <p>Which Engëlond hast to governe and righte,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>Men oughten wel thy pitè to proclame,</p> <p>Which openliche, in al the worldes sighte,</p> <p>Is shewed, with the helpe of god almighte,</p> <p>To yeve us pees, which long hath be debated,</p> @@ -15327,12 +15290,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">365</div></div><p>My lord, in whom hath ever yet be founde</p> - <p>Pitè, withoute spotte of violence,</p> + <p>Pitè, withoute spotte of violence,</p> <p>Keep thilke pees alway, withinne bounde,</p> <p>Which god hath planted in thy conscience.</p> <p>So shal the cronique of thy pacience</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">370</div></div><p>Among the saynts be take in-to memórie</p> - <p>To the loënge of perdurable glorie.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">370</div></div><p>Among the saynts be take in-to memórie</p> + <p>To the loënge of perdurable glorie.</p> <!-- Page 216 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page216"></a>[216]</span> </div> @@ -15352,7 +15315,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That eche of hem his owne herte endyte</p> <p>And cese the werre, or more mescheef falle.</p> <p>Set eek the rightful pope upon his stalle;</p> - <p>Keep charitè, and draw pitè to honde,</p> + <p>Keep charitè, and draw pitè to honde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">385</div></div><p>Maynteyne lawe; and so the pees shal stonde.</p> </div> </div> @@ -15389,7 +15352,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p style="margin-left:6.1em">¶ <i>Explicit.</i></p> + <p style="margin-left:6.1em">¶ <i>Explicit.</i></p> </div> </div> @@ -15488,17 +15451,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="center" style="width:28em"> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Cupido, unto whos comaundëment</p> + <p>Cupido, unto whos comaundëment</p> <p>The gentil kinrede of goddes on hy</p> <p>And people infernal been obedient,</p> <p>And mortel folk al serven besily,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>The goddesse sonë Cithera soothly,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>The goddesse sonë Cithera soothly,</p> <p>To alle tho that to our deitee</p> <p>Ben sugets, hertly greting sende we!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>In general, we wolë that ye knowe</p> + <p>In general, we wolë that ye knowe</p> <p>That ladies of honour and reverence,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>And other gentil women, haven sowe</p> <p>Such seed of compleynt in our audience</p> @@ -15520,10 +15483,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Hir wordes spoken ben so syghingly,</p> - <p>With so pitousë chere and contenaunce,</p> + <p>With so pitousë chere and contenaunce,</p> <p>That every wight that meneth trewely</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>Demeth that they in herte have such grevaunce;</p> - <p>They seyn so importáble is hir penaunce</p> + <p>They seyn so importáble is hir penaunce</p> <p>That, but hir lady lust to shewe hem grace,</p> <p>They right anoon †mot sterven in the place.</p> </div> @@ -15554,8 +15517,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>They graunte hem grace of hir benignitee</p> <p>For that men shulde nat for hir sake dey;</p> <p>And with good herte sette hem in the wey</p> - <p>Of blisful lovë—kepe it if they conne;</p> - <p>Thus other-whylë women beth y-wonne.</p> + <p>Of blisful lovë—kepe it if they conne;</p> + <p>Thus other-whylë women beth y-wonne.</p> <!-- Page 219 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page219"></a>[219]</span> </div> @@ -15565,7 +15528,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>With that woman he kepeth not to dele,</p> <p>After if he may fynden in the toun</p> <p>Any woman, his blinde affeccioun</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>On to bestowë; evel mote he preve!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>On to bestowë; evel mote he preve!</p> <p>A man, for al his othes, is hard to leve!</p> </div> @@ -15590,7 +15553,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>To herë? Nay, yet was it no repreef;</p> + <p>To herë? Nay, yet was it no repreef;</p> <p>For al for vertu was it that she wroughte;</p> <p>But he that brewed hath al this mischeef,</p> <p>That spak so faire, and falsly inward thoughte,</p> @@ -15613,7 +15576,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>Betrayen men not citees grete, and kinges?</p> <p>What wight is that can shape remedye</p> - <p>Ageynes thise falsly purpósed thinges?</p> + <p>Ageynes thise falsly purpósed thinges?</p> <p>Who can the craft such craftes to espye</p> <p>But man, whos wit ay redy is t'aplye</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>To thing that souneth in-to hy falshede?</p> @@ -15624,8 +15587,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And furthermore han thise men in usage</p> <p>That, where as they not lykly been to spede,</p> <p>Suche as they been with a double visage</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>They prócuren, for to pursewe hir nede;</p> - <p>He prayeth him in his causë to procede,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>They prócuren, for to pursewe hir nede;</p> + <p>He prayeth him in his causë to procede,</p> <p>And largely guerdoneth he his travayle;</p> <p>Smal witen wommen how men hem assayle!</p> </div> @@ -15637,11 +15600,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>She for the rode of folke is so desyred</p> <p>And, as an hors, fro day to day is hyred</p> <p>That, when thou twinnest fro hir companye,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>Another comth, and blered is thyn eyë!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>Another comth, and blered is thyn eyë!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Now prikke on fastë, and ryd thy journey</p> + <p>'Now prikke on fastë, and ryd thy journey</p> <p>Whyl thou art there; for she, behind thy bak,</p> <p>So liberal is, she wol no wight with-sey,</p> <p>But smertly of another take a snak;</p> @@ -15675,7 +15638,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Every womman,' he seyth, 'is light to gete;</p> <p>Can noon sey "nay," if she be wel y-soght.</p> <p>Who-so may leyser han, with her to trete,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>Of his purpós ne shal he faile noght,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>Of his purpós ne shal he faile noght,</p> <p>But he on madding be so depe y-broght</p> <p>That he shende al with open hoomlinesse;</p> <p>That loven wommen nat, as that I gesse!'</p> @@ -15714,7 +15677,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>Whan that the high god aungels formed had,</p> - <p>Among hem alle whether ther werë noon</p> + <p>Among hem alle whether ther werë noon</p> <p>That founden was malicious and bad?</p> <p>Yis! al men woot that ther was many oon</p> <p>That, for hir pryde, fil from heven anoon.</p> @@ -15724,8 +15687,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Of twelve apostels oon a traitour was;</p> - <p>The remënant yit godë were and trewe.</p> - <p>Than, if it happe men fyndë, per cas,</p> + <p>The remënant yit godë were and trewe.</p> + <p>Than, if it happe men fyndë, per cas,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">165</div></div><p>Oo womman fals, swich good is for t'eschewe,</p> <p>And deme nat that they ben alle untrewe.</p> <p>I see wel mennes owne falsenesse</p> @@ -15754,7 +15717,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>An old provérbë seyd is in English:</p> + <p>An old provérbë seyd is in English:</p> <p>Men seyn, 'that brid or foul is dishonest,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">185</div></div><p>What that he be, and holden ful churlish,</p> <p>That useth to defoule his owne nest.'</p> @@ -15765,10 +15728,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">190</div></div><p>Thise ladies eek compleynen hem on clerkes</p> - <p>That they han maad bokës of hir diffame,</p> + <p>That they han maad bokës of hir diffame,</p> <p>In which they lakken wommen and hir werkes</p> <p>And speken of hem greet repreef and shame,</p> - <p>And causëlees yive hem a wikked name.</p> + <p>And causëlees yive hem a wikked name.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">195</div></div><p>Thus they despysed been on every syde,</p> <p>And sclaundred, and bilowen on ful wyde.</p> </div> @@ -15778,14 +15741,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>How they betrayden, in especial,</p> <p>Adam, David, Sampsoun, and Salamoun,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">200</div></div><p>And many oon mo; who may rehersen al</p> - <p>The treson that they havë doon, and shal?</p> + <p>The treson that they havë doon, and shal?</p> <p>The world hir malice may not comprehende;</p> <p>As that thise clerkes seyn, it hath non ende.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Ovyde, in his boke called 'Remedye</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>Of Lovë,' greet repreef of wommen wryteth;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>Of Lovë,' greet repreef of wommen wryteth;</p> <p>Wherin, I trowe, he dide greet folye,</p> <p>And every wight that in such cas delyteth.</p> <!-- Page 224 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page224"></a>[224]</span> @@ -15909,7 +15872,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Nat can I seen, ne my wit comprehende</p> <p>That art and peyne and sotiltee sholde fayle</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>For to conquére, and sone make an ende,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>For to conquére, and sone make an ende,</p> <p>Whan man a feble place shal assayle;</p> <p>And sone also to venquisshe a batayle</p> <p>Of which no wight dar maken resistence,</p> @@ -15920,7 +15883,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">295</div></div><p>Than moot it folwen of necessitee,</p> <p>Sin art asketh so greet engyn and peyne</p> <p>A womman to disceyve, what she be,</p> - <p>Of constauncë they been not so bareyne</p> + <p>Of constauncë they been not so bareyne</p> <p>As that somme of thise sotil clerkes feyne;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">300</div></div><p>But they ben as that wommen oghten be,</p> <p>Sad, constant, and fulfilled of pitee.</p> @@ -15929,9 +15892,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>How frendly was Medea to Jasoun</p> - <p>In the conquéring of the flees of gold!</p> + <p>In the conquéring of the flees of gold!</p> <p>How falsly quitte he her affeccioun</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>By whom victórie he gat, as he hath wold!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>By whom victórie he gat, as he hath wold!</p> <p>How may this man, for shame, be so bold</p> <p>To falsen her, that from his dethe and shame</p> <p>Him kepte, and gat him so gret prys and name?</p> @@ -15940,7 +15903,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Of Troye also the traitour Eneas,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">310</div></div><p>The feythles wrecche, how hath he him forswore</p> - <p>To Dido, that queen of Cartágë was,</p> + <p>To Dido, that queen of Cartágë was,</p> <p>That him releved of his smertes sore!</p> <p>What gentilesse might she han doon more</p> <p>Than she with herte unfeyned to him kidde?</p> @@ -15962,8 +15925,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Unto wommannes crabbed wikkednesse!'</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">325</div></div><p>O woman! How shalt thou thy-self chevyce,</p> <p>Sin men of thee so muchel harm witnesse?</p> - <p>No fors! Do forth! Takë no hevinesse!</p> - <p>Kepë thyn ownë, what men clappe or crake;</p> + <p>No fors! Do forth! Takë no hevinesse!</p> + <p>Kepë thyn ownë, what men clappe or crake;</p> <p>And somme of hem shul smerte, I undertake!</p> </div> @@ -16009,7 +15972,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Th' envýous swelling that the feend, our fo,</p> + <p>Th' envýous swelling that the feend, our fo,</p> <p>Had unto man in herte, for his welthe,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>Sente a serpent, and made her for to go</p> <p>To disceyve Eve; and thus was mannes helthe</p> @@ -16020,18 +15983,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">365</div></div><p>Wherfore I sey, this godë womman Eve</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">365</div></div><p>Wherfore I sey, this godë womman Eve</p> <p>Our fader Adam ne deceyved noght.</p> <p>Ther may no man for a deceyt it preve</p> <p>Proprely, but-if that she, in her thoght,</p> <p>Had it compassed first, er it was wroght;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">370</div></div><p>And, for swich was nat her impressioun,</p> - <p>Men calle it may no déceyt, by resoun.</p> + <p>Men calle it may no déceyt, by resoun.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>No wight deceyveth but he it purpóse;</p> - <p>The feend this déceyt caste, and nothing she.</p> + <p>No wight deceyveth but he it purpóse;</p> + <p>The feend this déceyt caste, and nothing she.</p> <p>Than is it wrong to demen or suppose</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">375</div></div><p>That she sholde of this harm the cause be.</p> <p>Wyteth the feend, and his be the maugree;</p> @@ -16083,8 +16046,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Her heped vertu hath swich excellence</p> <p>That al to lene is mannes facultee</p> - <p>To déclare it, and therfor in suspence</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>Her duë preysing put mot nedes be.</p> + <p>To déclare it, and therfor in suspence</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>Her duë preysing put mot nedes be.</p> <p>But this we witen verrayly, that she,</p> <p>Next god, the best frend is that to man longeth;</p> <p>The key of mercy by her girdil hongeth.</p> @@ -16118,7 +16081,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For ever I werrey ayein chastitee,</p> <p>And ever shal; but this, lo! meveth me,</p> <p>Her loving herte and constant to her lay</p> - <p>Dryve out of rémembrauncë I ne may.</p> + <p>Dryve out of rémembrauncë I ne may.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -16167,7 +16130,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>We yow comaunde, our ministres, echoon</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">465</div></div><p>That redy been to our hestes enclyne,</p> <p>That of thise false men, our rebel foon,</p> - <p>Ye do punisshëment, and that anoon!</p> + <p>Ye do punisshëment, and that anoon!</p> <p>Voide hem our court and banish hem for ever</p> <p>So that ther-inne they ne come never.</p> </div> @@ -16394,7 +16357,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>To princes alle, in love and buxumnesse</p> <p>To holy chirche, O verray sustenour</p> <p>And piler of our feith, and werreyour</p> - <p>Ageyn the heresyës bitter galle,</p> + <p>Ageyn the heresyës bitter galle,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p>Do forth, do forth, continue your socour!</p> <p>Hold up Cristes baner; lat it nat falle!</p> <!-- Page 234 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page234"></a>[234]</span> @@ -16407,7 +16370,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Weneth fully to cacche a tyme and hour</p> <p>To have on us, your liges, a sharp shour,</p> <p>And to his servitude us knitte and thralle.</p> - <p>But ay we truste in you, our prótectour;</p> + <p>But ay we truste in you, our prótectour;</p> <p>On your constaunce we awayten alle.</p> </div> @@ -16432,14 +16395,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>Of Cristes cause; in honour of his name</p> <p>Shove on, and putte his foos to the outrance!</p> <p>God wolde so; so wolde eek your ligeaunce;</p> - <p>To tho two prikketh you your duëtee.</p> + <p>To tho two prikketh you your duëtee.</p> <p>Who-so nat kepeth this double observaunce</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">40</div></div><p>Of merit and honour naked is he!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Your style seith that ye ben foos to shame;</p> - <p>Now kythe of your feith the perséveraunce,</p> + <p>Now kythe of your feith the perséveraunce,</p> <p>In which an heep of us arn halte and lame.</p> <p>Our Cristen king of England and of Fraunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>And ye, my lordes, with your alliaunce,</p> @@ -16464,8 +16427,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Stif stande in that, and ye shul greve and grame</p> <p>The fo to pees, the norice of distaunce;</p> <p>That now is ernest, torne it into game;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">60</div></div><p>Dampnáble fro feith werë variaunce!</p> - <p>Lord lige, and lordes, have in rémembraunce,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">60</div></div><p>Dampnáble fro feith werë variaunce!</p> + <p>Lord lige, and lordes, have in rémembraunce,</p> <p>Lord of al is the blessed Trinitee,</p> <p>Of whos vertu the mighty habundaunce</p> <p>You herte and strengthe in feithful unitee! Amen.</p> @@ -16523,17 +16486,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>My noble sones, and eek my lordes dere,</p> <p>I, your fader called, unworthily,</p> <p>Sende un-to you this litel tretys here</p> - <p>Writen with myn owne hand full rudëly;</p> + <p>Writen with myn owne hand full rudëly;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Although it be that I not reverently</p> <p>Have writen to your estats, yet I you praye,</p> - <p>Myn unconning taketh benignëly</p> + <p>Myn unconning taketh benignëly</p> <p>For goddes sake, and herken what I seye.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>I complayn sore, whan I remembre me</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>The sodeyn age that is upon me falle;</p> - <p>More I complayn my mispent juventè</p> + <p>More I complayn my mispent juventè</p> <p>The whiche is impossible ayein to calle.</p> <!-- Page 238 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page238"></a>[238]</span> <p>But certainly, the most complaynte of alle</p> @@ -16544,12 +16507,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Of whiche I aske mercy of thee, lord,</p> - <p>That art almighty god in majestè,</p> + <p>That art almighty god in majestè,</p> <p>Beseking thee, to make so even accord</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Betwix thee and my soule, that vanitè</p> - <p>Of worldly lust, ne blynd prosperitè</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Betwix thee and my soule, that vanitè</p> + <p>Of worldly lust, ne blynd prosperitè</p> <p>Have no lordship over my flesshe so frele.</p> - <p>Thou lord of reste and parfit unitè,</p> + <p>Thou lord of reste and parfit unitè,</p> <p>Put fro me vyce, and keep my soules hele.</p> </div> @@ -16557,7 +16520,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>And yeve me might, whyl I have lyf and space,</p> <p>Me to conforme fully to thy plesaunce;</p> <p>Shewe upon me th'abundaunce of thy grace,</p> - <p>In gode werkes graunt me perséveraunce.</p> + <p>In gode werkes graunt me perséveraunce.</p> <p>Of al my youthe forget the ignoraunce;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>Yeve me good wil, to serve thee ay to queme;</p> <p>Set al my lyf after thyn ordinaunce,</p> @@ -16610,7 +16573,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>My mayster Chaucer, god his soulë have!</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>My mayster Chaucer, god his soulë have!</p> <p>That in his langage was so curious,</p> <p>He sayde, the fader whiche is deed and grave,</p> <p>Biquath nothing his vertue with his hous</p> @@ -16633,7 +16596,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Thinketh how, betwixë vertue and estat</p> + <p>Thinketh how, betwixë vertue and estat</p> <p>There is a parfit blessed mariage;</p> <p>Vertue is cause of pees, vyce of debat</p> <p>In mannes soule; for which, with ful corage,</p> @@ -16702,7 +16665,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>The losse in youthe of vertue can complayne;</p> <p>Wherfore I pray you, dooth your diligence,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>For your estats and goddes reverence,</p> - <p>T'enprintë vertue fully in your mynde,</p> + <p>T'enprintë vertue fully in your mynde,</p> <p>That, whan ye come in your juges presence,</p> <p>Ye be not set as vertules behynde.</p> </div> @@ -16715,14 +16678,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That of that art ye have no joy to here.</p> <p>But, as a ship that is withouten stere</p> <p>Dryveth up and doun, withouten governaunce,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>Wening that calm wol lastë, yeer by yere,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>Wening that calm wol lastë, yeer by yere,</p> <p>Right so fare ye, for very ignoraunce.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For very shamë, knowe ye nat, by réson</p> + <p>For very shamë, knowe ye nat, by réson</p> <p>That, after an ebbe, ther cometh a flood ful rage?</p> - <p>In the same wyse, whan youth passeth his séson,</p> + <p>In the same wyse, whan youth passeth his séson,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>Cometh croked and unweldy palled age;</p> <p>Sone after comen kalends of dotage;</p> <p>And if your youth no vertue have provyded,</p> @@ -16731,19 +16694,19 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">150</div></div><p>Boëce the clerk, as men may rede and see,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">150</div></div><p>Boëce the clerk, as men may rede and see,</p> <p>Saith, in his Boke of Consolacioun,</p> <p>What man desyreth †have of vyne or tree</p> <p>Plentee of fruit, in the ryping sesoun,</p> <p>Must ay eschewe to doon oppressioun</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>Unto the rote, whyle it is yong and grene;</p> <p>Ye may wel see, by this conclusioun,</p> - <p>That youthë vertulees doth mochel tene.</p> + <p>That youthë vertulees doth mochel tene.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Seeth, there-ayenst, how vertuous noblesse</p> - <p>Roted in youthe, with good perséveraunce,</p> + <p>Roted in youthe, with good perséveraunce,</p> <!-- Page 243 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page243"></a>[243]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">160</div></div><p>Dryveth away al vyce and wrecchednesse,</p> <p>As slogardrye, ryote and distaunce!</p> @@ -16770,7 +16733,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>They hated vertue, equitee, and pees.</p> <p>Loke how Antiochus fil fro his char,</p> <p>That he his skin and bones al to-tar!</p> - <p>Loke what meschauncë they had for hir vyces!</p> + <p>Loke what meschauncë they had for hir vyces!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>Who-so that wol not by these signes be war,</p> <p>I dar wel say, infortunat or nyce is.</p> </div> @@ -16838,7 +16801,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> besekyng; A. beseching. 72. Th. haue; A. H. gete. Th. p<i>ar</i>te. A. feyre; Th. H. <i>om.</i></p> - <p>74. A. Comþe. 75. A. thorugh; Cx. thurgh; Th. by. A. leofful; Th. + <p>74. A. Comþe. 75. A. thorugh; Cx. thurgh; Th. by. A. leofful; Th. leful; H. leeful. 77. Th. you ye; A. H. <i>om.</i> ye. 78. Th. house. A. soo wyse; Th. H. suche a. 79. Th. <i>om.</i> it. 80. H. A. worldly; Th. worldes. 81. Th. howe betwyxe; A. howe bytwene. 82. Th. parfyte. 84. H. @@ -16944,7 +16907,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>My sekenes sat ay so nigh my herte.</p> <p>But, for to finde socour of my smerte,</p> <!-- Page 246 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page246"></a>[246]</span> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Or at the leste som réles of my peyne,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Or at the leste som réles of my peyne,</p> <p>That me so sore halt in every veyne,</p> </div> @@ -16994,7 +16957,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Al oversprad with tapites that Nature</p> <p>Had mad her-selve, celured eek alofte</p> <p>With bowes grene, the floures for to cure,</p> - <p>That in hir beautè they may longe endure</p> + <p>That in hir beautè they may longe endure</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>From al assaut of Phebus fervent fere,</p> <p>Whiche in his spere so hote shoon and clere.</p> </div> @@ -17020,8 +16983,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Ther saw I eek the fresshe hawëthorn</p> - <p>In whyte motlè, that so swote doth smelle,</p> + <p>Ther saw I eek the fresshe hawëthorn</p> + <p>In whyte motlè, that so swote doth smelle,</p> <p>Ash, firre, and ook, with many a yong acorn,</p> <!-- Page 248 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page248"></a>[248]</span> <p>And many a tree—mo than I can telle;</p> @@ -17033,7 +16996,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The gravel gold, the water pure as glas,</p> <p>The bankes rounde, the welle envyroning;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">80</div></div><p>And softe as veluët the yonge gras</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">80</div></div><p>And softe as veluët the yonge gras</p> <p>That therupon lustily cam springing;</p> <p>The sute of trees aboute compassing</p> <p>Hir shadowe caste, closing the welle rounde,</p> @@ -17045,15 +17008,15 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Through might of herbes growing there besyde,</p> <p>Not lyk the welle, wher-as Narcisus</p> <p>Y-slayn was, through vengeaunce of Cupyde,</p> - <p>Where so covertly he didë hyde</p> + <p>Where so covertly he didë hyde</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>The grayn of cruel dethe upon ech brinke,</p> <p>That deeth mot folowe, who that ever drinke;</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Ne lyk the pittë of the Pegacè</p> - <p>Under Pernaso, where poetës slepte;</p> - <p>Nor lyk the welle of pure chastitè</p> + <p>Ne lyk the pittë of the Pegacè</p> + <p>Under Pernaso, where poetës slepte;</p> + <p>Nor lyk the welle of pure chastitè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Which that Dyane with her nymphes kepte,</p> <p>Whan she naked into the water lepte,</p> <p>That slow Acteon with his houndes felle</p> @@ -17061,7 +17024,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Bút this welle, that I here reherce,</p> + <p>Bút this welle, that I here reherce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">100</div></div><p>So hoolsom was, that it wolde aswage</p> <p>Bollen hertes, and the venim perce</p> <p>Of pensifheed, with al the cruel rage,</p> @@ -17086,25 +17049,25 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Of the brenning that sat so nigh my herte,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>That verily anon I gan to fele</p> <p>An huge part relesed of my smerte;</p> - <p>And therwithallë anon up I sterte,</p> + <p>And therwithallë anon up I sterte,</p> <p>And thoughte I wolde walke, and see more</p> <p>Forth in the parke, and in the holtes hore.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">120</div></div><p>And through a laundë as I yede a-pace</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">120</div></div><p>And through a laundë as I yede a-pace</p> <p>And gan aboute faste to beholde,</p> - <p>I found anon a délitable place</p> - <p>That was beset with treës yonge and olde,</p> + <p>I found anon a délitable place</p> + <p>That was beset with treës yonge and olde,</p> <p>Whose names here for me shal not be tolde;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">125</div></div><p>Amidde of whiche stood an herber grene,</p> <p>That benched was, with colours newe and clene.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Thís herber was ful of floures inde,</p> + <p>ThÃs herber was ful of floures inde,</p> <p>In-to the whiche as I beholde gan,</p> - <p>Betwix an hulfere and a wodëbinde,</p> + <p>Betwix an hulfere and a wodëbinde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>As I was war, I saw wher lay a man</p> <p>In blakke and whyte colour, pale and wan,</p> <p>And wonder deedly also of his hewe,</p> @@ -17127,7 +17090,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Greetly wondring what it mighte be</p> <p>That he so lay, and hadde no felawe,</p> <p>Ne that I coude no wight with him see;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>Wherof I hadde routhe, and eek pitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>Wherof I hadde routhe, and eek pitè,</p> <p>And gan anon, so softely as I coude,</p> <p>Among the busshes me prively to shroude;</p> </div> @@ -17165,8 +17128,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And, for me semeth that it is sitting</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>His wordes al to putte in remembraunce,</p> - <p>To me, that herdë al his complayning</p> - <p>And al the groundë of his woful chaunce,</p> + <p>To me, that herdë al his complayning</p> + <p>And al the groundë of his woful chaunce,</p> <p>If ther-withal I may you do plesaunce,</p> <p>I wol to you, so as I can, anon,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">175</div></div><p>Lyk as he sayde, reherce hem everichon.</p> @@ -17176,7 +17139,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>But who shal helpe me now to complayne?</p> <p>Or who shal now my style gye or lede?</p> - <p>O Niobè, let now thy teres rayne</p> + <p>O Niobè, let now thy teres rayne</p> <p>In-to my penne; and helpe eek in this nede,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>Thou woful Mirre, that felest my herte blede</p> <p>Of pitous wo, and myn hand eek quake</p> @@ -17185,7 +17148,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>For unto wo accordeth complayning</p> - <p>And doleful cherë unto hevinesse;</p> + <p>And doleful cherë unto hevinesse;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">185</div></div><p>To sorowe also, syghing and weping,</p> <p>And pitous mourning, unto drerinesse;</p> <p>And whoso that shal wryten of distresse</p> @@ -17216,7 +17179,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And if that any now be in this place</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>That fele in love brenning or fervence,</p> - <p>Or hindred werë to his lady grace</p> + <p>Or hindred werë to his lady grace</p> <p>With false tonges, that with pestilence</p> <p>Slee trewe men that never did offence</p> <p>In word nor dede, ne in hir entent—</p> @@ -17229,7 +17192,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>With doleful chere and sobre countenaunce,</p> <p>To here this man, by ful high sentence,</p> <p>His mortal wo and his gret perturbaunce</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>Cómplayning, now lying in a traunce,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>Cómplayning, now lying in a traunce,</p> <p>With lokes upcaste, and with ruful chere,</p> <p>Th' effect of whiche was as ye shal here.—</p> </div> @@ -17244,7 +17207,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">220</div></div><p>The woful gost, the herte rent and tore,</p> <p>The pitous chere, pale in compleyning,</p> <p>The deedly face, lyk ashes in shyning,</p> - <p>The salte teres that fro myn eyën falle,</p> + <p>The salte teres that fro myn eyën falle,</p> <p>Parcel declare grounde of my peynes alle:</p> </div> @@ -17265,7 +17228,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">235</div></div><p>For hete I brenne; and thus, betwixe twayne,</p> <p>I possed am, and al forcast in payne;</p> <p>So that my hete plainly, as I fele,</p> - <p>Of grevous cold is causë, every-deel.</p> + <p>Of grevous cold is causë, every-deel.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -17291,10 +17254,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Ayeines me, and his arowes to fyle</p> - <p>To take vengeaunce of wilful crueltè;</p> + <p>To take vengeaunce of wilful crueltè;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">255</div></div><p>And tonges false, through hir sleightly wyle,</p> <p>Han gonne a werre that wil not stinted be;</p> - <p>And fals Envye, Wrathe, and Enmitè,</p> + <p>And fals Envye, Wrathe, and Enmitè,</p> <p>Have conspired, ayeines al right and lawe,</p> <p>Of hir malyce, that Trouthe shal be slawe.</p> </div> @@ -17306,7 +17269,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That Misbeleve and Fals-Suspeccioun,</p> <p>Have Trouthe brought to his dampnacioun,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>So that, alas! wrongfully he dyeth,</p> - <p>And Falsnes now his placë occupyeth,</p> + <p>And Falsnes now his placë occupyeth,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -17315,7 +17278,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>O rightful god, that first the trouthe fond,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">270</div></div><p>How may thou suffre such oppressioun,</p> <p>That Falshood shulde have jurisdiccioun</p> - <p>In Trouthes right, to slee him giltëlees?</p> + <p>In Trouthes right, to slee him giltëlees?</p> <p>In his fraunchyse he may not live in pees.</p> </div> @@ -17324,15 +17287,15 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>Without answere, whyl he was absent,</p> <p>He dampned was, and may not ben excused,</p> <!-- Page 254 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page254"></a>[254]</span> - <p>For Crueltè sat in jugëment</p> - <p>Of hastinesse, withoute avysëment,</p> + <p>For Crueltè sat in jugëment</p> + <p>Of hastinesse, withoute avysëment,</p> <p>And bad Disdayn do execute anon</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">280</div></div><p>His jugëment, in presence of his foon.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">280</div></div><p>His jugëment, in presence of his foon.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Attourney noon ne may admitted been</p> - <p>T'ëxcuse Trouthë, ne a word to speke;</p> + <p>T'ëxcuse Trouthë, ne a word to speke;</p> <p>To fayth or ooth the juge list not seen,</p> <p>There is no gayn, but he wil be wreke.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">285</div></div><p>O lord of trouthe, to thee I calle and clepe;</p> @@ -17342,7 +17305,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Now god, that art of trouthe soverain</p> - <p>And seëst how I lye for trouthe bounde,</p> + <p>And seëst how I lye for trouthe bounde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>So sore knit in loves fyry chain</p> <p>Even at the deth, through-girt with many a wounde</p> <p>That lykly are never for to sounde,</p> @@ -17355,14 +17318,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>How that myn herte professed whylom was</p> <p>For to be trewe with al my fulle might</p> <p>Only to oon, the whiche now, alas!</p> - <p>Of voluntè, withoute any trespas,</p> + <p>Of voluntè, withoute any trespas,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">300</div></div><p>Myn accusours hath taken unto grace,</p> <p>And cherissheth hem, my deth for to purchace.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>What meneth this? what is this wonder ure</p> - <p>Of purveyauncë, if I shal it calle,</p> + <p>Of purveyauncë, if I shal it calle,</p> <p>Of god of love, that false hem so assure,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>And trewe, alas! doun of the whele ben falle?</p> <p>And yet in sothe, this is the worst of alle,</p> @@ -17372,17 +17335,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>This blinde chaunce, this stormy aventure,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">310</div></div><p>In lovë hath most his experience;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">310</div></div><p>In lovë hath most his experience;</p> <p>For who that doth with trouthe most his cure</p> <!-- Page 255 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page255"></a>[255]</span> <p>Shal for his mede finde most offence,</p> <p>That serveth love with al his diligence;</p> - <p>For who can faynë, under lowliheed,</p> + <p>For who can faynë, under lowliheed,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">315</div></div><p>Ne fayleth not to finde grace and speed.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For I loved oon, ful longë sith agoon,</p> + <p>For I loved oon, ful longë sith agoon,</p> <p>With al my herte, body, and ful might,</p> <p>And, to be deed, my herte can not goon</p> <p>From his hest, but holde that he hath hight;</p> @@ -17392,8 +17355,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For ever, sithë that the world began,</p> - <p>Who-so list lokë, and in storie rede,</p> + <p>For ever, sithë that the world began,</p> + <p>Who-so list lokë, and in storie rede,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">325</div></div><p>He shal ay finde that the trewe man</p> <p>Was put abakke, wher-as the falshede</p> <p>Y-furthered was; for Love taketh non hede</p> @@ -17448,7 +17411,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>Unto the herte with fresh Venus sight</p> <p>Y-wounded was, through Cupydes bowe,</p> <p>And yet his lady liste him not to knowe.</p> - <p>Though for her love his herte didë blede,</p> + <p>Though for her love his herte didë blede,</p> <p>She leet him go, and took of him no hede.</p> </div> @@ -17457,7 +17420,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Of trew Tristram, for al his hye renoun?</p> <p>Of Achilles, or of Antonius?</p> <p>Of Arcite eke, or of him Palemoun?</p> - <p>What was the endë of hir passioun</p> + <p>What was the endë of hir passioun</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">370</div></div><p>But, after sorowe, deeth, and than hir grave?</p> <p>Lo, here the guerdon that these lovers have!</p> </div> @@ -17465,9 +17428,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>But false Jason, with his doublenesse,</p> <p>That was untrewe at Colkos to Medee,</p> - <p>And Theseus, rote of unkindënesse,</p> + <p>And Theseus, rote of unkindënesse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">375</div></div><p>And with these two eek the false Enee;</p> - <p>Lo! thus the falsë, ay in oon degrè,</p> + <p>Lo! thus the falsë, ay in oon degrè,</p> <p>Had in love hir lust and al hir wille;</p> <p>And, save falshood, ther was non other skille.</p> </div> @@ -17486,7 +17449,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>For trewe Adon was slayn with the bore</p> <p>Amid the forest, in the grene shade;</p> - <p>For Venus love he feltë al the sore.</p> + <p>For Venus love he feltë al the sore.</p> <p>But Vulcanus with her no mercy made;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">390</div></div><p>The foule chorl had many nightes glade,</p> <p>Wher Mars, her worthy knight, her trewe man,</p> @@ -17520,7 +17483,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>Manhood, ne might, in armes worthinesse,</p> <p>Pursute of worship, nor no hy prowesse,</p> <p>In straunge lande ryding, ne travayle,</p> - <p>Ful lyte or nought in lovë doth avayle.</p> + <p>Ful lyte or nought in lovë doth avayle.</p> <!-- Page 258 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page258"></a>[258]</span> </div> @@ -17566,7 +17529,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>My woful herte for to ryve a-two</p> - <p>For faute of mercy, and lak of pitè</p> + <p>For faute of mercy, and lak of pitè</p> <p>Of her that causeth al my payne and wo</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">445</div></div><p>And list not ones, of grace, for to see</p> <p>Unto my trouthe through her crueltee;</p> @@ -17577,12 +17540,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And wilfully hath [she] my deeth y-sworn</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">450</div></div><p>Al giltëlees, and wot no cause why</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">450</div></div><p>Al giltëlees, and wot no cause why</p> <p>Save for the trouthe that I have had aforn</p> <p>To her alone to serve faithfully!</p> - <p>O god of lovë! unto thee I cry,</p> + <p>O god of lovë! unto thee I cry,</p> <p>And to thy blinde double deitee</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">455</div></div><p>Of this gret wrongë I compleyne me,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">455</div></div><p>Of this gret wrongë I compleyne me,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -17618,8 +17581,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Thus fareth it now even by me,</p> <p>That to my fo, that yaf myn herte a wounde,</p> - <p>Mote aske grace, mercy, and pitè,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">480</div></div><p>And namëly, ther wher non may be founde!</p> + <p>Mote aske grace, mercy, and pitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">480</div></div><p>And namëly, ther wher non may be founde!</p> <p>For now my sore my leche wil confounde,</p> <!-- Page 260 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page260"></a>[260]</span> <p>And god of kinde so hath set myn ure,</p> @@ -17647,7 +17610,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For bountè, beautè, shappe, and semeliheed,</p> + <p>For bountè, beautè, shappe, and semeliheed,</p> <p>Prudence, wit, passingly fairnesse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">500</div></div><p>Benigne port, glad chere with lowliheed,</p> <p>Of womanheed right plenteous largesse,</p> @@ -17660,7 +17623,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">505</div></div><p>Whan Mistrust also, and Fals-Suspeccioun,</p> <p>With Misbeleve, she made for to be</p> <p>Cheef of counsayl to this conclusioun,</p> - <p>For to exyle Routhe, and eek Pitè,</p> + <p>For to exyle Routhe, and eek Pitè,</p> <p>Out of her court to make Mercy flee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">510</div></div><p>So that Dispyt now holdeth forth her reyne,</p> <p>Through hasty bileve of tales that men feyne.</p> @@ -17722,7 +17685,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And she it knowe in every circumstaunce;</p> <p>And after, I am wel apayd that she</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">550</div></div><p>If that hir list, of dethe to do vengeaunce</p> - <p>Untó me, that am under her legeaunce;</p> + <p>Untó me, that am under her legeaunce;</p> <!-- Page 262 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page262"></a>[262]</span> <p>It sit me not her doom to disobeye,</p> <p>But, at her luste, wilfully to deye.</p> @@ -17732,8 +17695,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Withoute grucching or rebellioun</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">555</div></div><p>In wille or worde, hoolly I assent,</p> <p>Or any maner contradiccioun,</p> - <p>Fully to be at her commaundëment;</p> - <p>And, if I dyë, in my testament</p> + <p>Fully to be at her commaundëment;</p> + <p>And, if I dyë, in my testament</p> <p>My herte I sende, and my spirit also,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">560</div></div><p>What-so-ever she list, with hem to do.</p> </div> @@ -17781,20 +17744,20 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And for bicause that it drow to the night</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">590</div></div><p>And that the sonne his ark diurnál</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">590</div></div><p>And that the sonne his ark diurnál</p> <p>Y-passed was, so that his persaunt light,</p> <p>His brighte bemes and his stremes al</p> <p>Were in the wawes of the water fal,</p> - <p>Under the bordure of our ocëan,</p> + <p>Under the bordure of our ocëan,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">595</div></div><p>His char of golde his cours so swiftly ran:</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And whyl the twylight and the rowes rede</p> - <p>Of Phebus light were dëaurat a lyte,</p> + <p>Of Phebus light were dëaurat a lyte,</p> <p>A penne I took, and gan me faste spede</p> - <p>The woful playntë of this man to wryte</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">600</div></div><p>Word by wordë, as he did endyte;</p> + <p>The woful playntë of this man to wryte</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">600</div></div><p>Word by wordë, as he did endyte;</p> <p>Lyk as I herde, and coude him tho reporte,</p> <p>I have here set, your hertes to disporte.</p> </div> @@ -17803,10 +17766,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>If ought be mis, layeth the wyte on me,</p> <p>For I am worthy for to bere the blame</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">605</div></div><p>If any thing [here] misreported be,</p> - <p>To make this dytè for to seme lame</p> + <p>To make this dytè for to seme lame</p> <p>Through myn unconning; but, to sayn the same,</p> <p>Lyk as this man his complaynt did expresse,</p> - <p>I aske mercy and forgivënesse.</p> + <p>I aske mercy and forgivënesse.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -17834,7 +17797,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Togider, bothe twayne, in the same whyle</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">625</div></div><p>That al the court above celestial</p> <p>At youre shame gan for to laughe and smyle!</p> - <p>A! fairë lady! welwilly founde at al,</p> + <p>A! fairë lady! welwilly founde at al,</p> <p>Comfort to careful, O goddesse immortal!</p> <p>Be helping now, and do thy diligence</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">630</div></div><p>To let the stremes of thyn influence</p> @@ -17846,7 +17809,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Shew now thy might, and on hir wo have routhe</p> <p>Er fals Daunger slee hem and confounde.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">635</div></div><p>And specially, let thy might be founde</p> - <p>For to socourë, what-so that thou may,</p> + <p>For to socourë, what-so that thou may,</p> <p>The trewe man that in the herber lay,</p> </div> @@ -17857,7 +17820,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Her herte of stele to mercy so enclyne,</p> <p>Er that thy bemes go up, to declyne,</p> <p>And er that thou now go fro us adoun,</p> - <p>Fór that love thou haddest to Adoun!'</p> + <p>Fór that love thou haddest to Adoun!'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -17884,9 +17847,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>I mene thus, that, in al honestee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">660</div></div><p>Withoute more, ye may togider speke</p> - <p>What so ye listë, at good libertee,</p> + <p>What so ye listë, at good libertee,</p> <p>That eche may to other hir herte breke,</p> - <p>On Jelousyë only to be wreke,</p> + <p>On Jelousyë only to be wreke,</p> <p>That hath so longe, of malice and envye,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">665</div></div><p>Werreyed Trouthe with his tirannye.</p> </div> @@ -17897,11 +17860,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Princesse, plese it your benignitee</p> - <p>This litel dytè for to have in mynde!</p> - <p>Of womanhedë also for to see</p> + <p>This litel dytè for to have in mynde!</p> + <p>Of womanhedë also for to see</p> <p>Your trewe man may youre mercy finde;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">670</div></div><p>And Pitè eek, that long hath be behinde,</p> - <p>Let him ayein be próvoked to grace;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">670</div></div><p>And Pitè eek, that long hath be behinde,</p> + <p>Let him ayein be próvoked to grace;</p> <p>For, by my trouthe, it is ayeines kinde,</p> <p>Fals Daunger for to occupye his place!</p> </div> @@ -17912,9 +17875,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And be right glad; for she shal thee seen;</p> <p>Suche is thy grace! But I, alas! in payne</p> <p>Am left behinde, and not to whom to playne.</p> - <p>For Mercy, Routhe, Grace, and eek Pitè</p> + <p>For Mercy, Routhe, Grace, and eek Pitè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">680</div></div><p>Exyled be, that I may not attayne</p> - <p>Recure to finde of myn adversitè.</p> + <p>Recure to finde of myn adversitè.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -18097,7 +18060,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>553. T. D. luste; Th. F. B. lust. S. Quherso hir list to do me lyue or deye. 555. S. hoolly; Th. holy. 560. Th. T. D. lyste; F. S. P. list. 561. - S. vnto; <i>rest</i> to. 566. S. quhill þ<i>a</i>t me. 568. Th. mater. + S. vnto; <i>rest</i> to. 566. S. quhill þ<i>a</i>t me. 568. Th. mater. 571. F. B. P. hest. 573. T. liste; <i>rest</i> list (lust). 575. T. sike; S. to sike; Th. D. sygh; F. B. sile (!). 577. Th. no worde. 581. Th. long wisshing (!). Th. S. for; F. B. D. P. for his; T. for her. 583. S. P. @@ -18135,7 +18098,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Was horned, ful of Phebus fyry light,</p> <p>And that she gan to reyse her stremes sone,</p> <p>Saint Valentyne! upon thy blisful night</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Of duëtee, whan glad is every wight,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Of duëtee, whan glad is every wight,</p> <p>And foules chese (to voyde hir olde sorowe)</p> <p>Everich his make, upon the nexte morowe;</p> </div> @@ -18145,16 +18108,16 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Ful lustely, agayn the morowe gray—</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>'Awake, ye lovers, out of your slombringe,</p> <p>This gladde morowe, in al the haste ye may;</p> - <p>Some óbservaunce doth unto this day,</p> + <p>Some óbservaunce doth unto this day,</p> <p>Your choise ayen of herte to renewe</p> - <p>In cónfirming, for ever to be trewe!</p> + <p>In cónfirming, for ever to be trewe!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p>And ye that be, of chesing, at your large,</p> <p>This lusty day, by custome of nature,</p> <p>Take upon you the blisful holy charge</p> - <p>To serve lovë, whyl your lyf may dure,</p> + <p>To serve lovë, whyl your lyf may dure,</p> <p>With herte, body, and al your besy cure,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>For evermore, as Venus and Cipryde</p> <p>For you disposeth, and the god Cupyde.</p> @@ -18172,10 +18135,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Thát whan I had herd, and listed longe,</p> + <p>Thát whan I had herd, and listed longe,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>With devout herte, the lusty melodye</p> <p>Of this hevenly comfortable songe</p> - <p>So ágreable, as by harmonye,</p> + <p>So ágreable, as by harmonye,</p> <p>I roos anon, and faste gan me hye</p> <p>Toward a grove, and the way [gan] take</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>Foules to sene, everich chese his make.</p> @@ -18215,7 +18178,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The sely wrenne, the titmose also,</p> <p>The litel redbrest, have free eleccioun</p> - <p>To flyen y-ferë and †togider go</p> + <p>To flyen y-ferë and †togider go</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">60</div></div><p>Wher-as hem liste, abouten enviroun,</p> <p>As they of kynde have inclinacoun,</p> <p>And as Nature, emperesse and gyde,</p> @@ -18236,7 +18199,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Thus may I [soothly] seen, and playne, alas!</p> <p>My woful houre and my disaventure,</p> <p>That dolefully stonde in the same cas</p> - <p>So fer behyndë, from al helth and cure.</p> + <p>So fer behyndë, from al helth and cure.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>My wounde abydeth lyk a sursanure;</p> <p>For me Fortune so felly list dispose,</p> <p>My harm is hid, that I dar not disclose.</p> @@ -18255,7 +18218,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>The whiche twayne ay stondeth in my wey</p> <p>Maliciously; and Fals Suspeccioun</p> - <p>Is very causë also that I dey,</p> + <p>Is very causë also that I dey,</p> <p>Ginning and rote of my distruccioun;</p> <p>So that I fele, [as] in conclusioun,</p> <!-- Page 269 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page269"></a>[269]</span> @@ -18265,7 +18228,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Yet, or I dye, with herte, wil, and thought</p> - <p>To god of lovë this avowe I make,</p> + <p>To god of lovë this avowe I make,</p> <p>(As I best can, how dere that it be bought,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Wher-so it be, that I slepe or wake,</p> <p>Whyl Boreas doth the leves shake)</p> @@ -18280,23 +18243,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Nor curiously by no crafte endyte,</p> <p>Yet lever I have, that she putte the wyte</p> <p>In unconning than in negligence,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>What-ever I sayë of her excellence.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>What-ever I sayë of her excellence.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>What-ever I saye, it is of duëtee,</p> + <p>What-ever I saye, it is of duëtee,</p> <p>In sothfastnesse and no presumpcioun;</p> <p>This I ensure to you that shal it see,</p> <p>That it is al under correccioun;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>What I reherce in commendacioun</p> - <p>Of herë that I shal to you, as blyve,</p> + <p>Of herë that I shal to you, as blyve,</p> <p>So as I can, her vertues here discryve.—</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>¶ Right by example as the somer-sonne</p> + <p>¶ Right by example as the somer-sonne</p> <p>Passeth the sterre with his bemes shene,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>And Lucifer among the skyës donne</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>And Lucifer among the skyës donne</p> <p>A-morowe sheweth to voyde nightes tene,</p> <p>So verily, withouten any wene,</p> <p>My lady passeth (who-so taketh hede)</p> @@ -18304,14 +18267,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">120</div></div><p>And as the ruby hath the soveraintè</p> - <p>Of riche stones and the regalyë;</p> - <p>And [as] the rose, of swetnesse and beautè,</p> - <p>Of fresshe floures, withouten any lyë;</p> - <p>Right so, in sothe, with her goodly yë,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">120</div></div><p>And as the ruby hath the soveraintè</p> + <p>Of riche stones and the regalyë;</p> + <p>And [as] the rose, of swetnesse and beautè,</p> + <p>Of fresshe floures, withouten any lyë;</p> + <p>Right so, in sothe, with her goodly yë,</p> <!-- Page 270 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page270"></a>[270]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">125</div></div><p>She passeth al in bountee and fairnesse,</p> - <p>Of maner ekë, and of gentilnesse.</p> + <p>Of maner ekë, and of gentilnesse.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -18319,7 +18282,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>To reken al in very sothfastnesse;</p> <p>For every vertue is in her at reste;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>And furthermore, to speke of stedfastnesse,</p> - <p>She is the rotë; and of seemlinesse</p> + <p>She is the rotë; and of seemlinesse</p> <p>The very mirrour; and of governaunce</p> <p>To al example, withouten variaunce.</p> </div> @@ -18329,8 +18292,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">135</div></div><p>Having evermore her trewe advertence</p> <p>Alway to reson; so that her desyre</p> <p>Is brydeled ay by witte and providence;</p> - <p>Thereto, of wittë and of hy prudence</p> - <p>She is the wellë, ay devoide of pryde,</p> + <p>Thereto, of wittë and of hy prudence</p> + <p>She is the wellë, ay devoide of pryde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>That unto vertue her-selven is the gyde!</p> </div> @@ -18340,7 +18303,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And goodly gladde by attemperaunce,</p> <p>That every wight, of high and low degree,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>Are gladde in herte with her for to be;</p> - <p>Só that, shortly, if I shal not lye,</p> + <p>Só that, shortly, if I shal not lye,</p> <p>She named is 'The Flour of Curtesye.'</p> </div> @@ -18376,12 +18339,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>So trewëly in mening she is set,</p> + <p>So trewëly in mening she is set,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>Without chaunging or any doublenesse;</p> <p>For bountee and beautee ar togider knet</p> - <p>In her personë, under faithfulnesse;</p> - <p>For void she is of newëfangelnesse;</p> - <p>In herte ay oon, for ever to perséver</p> + <p>In her personë, under faithfulnesse;</p> + <p>For void she is of newëfangelnesse;</p> + <p>In herte ay oon, for ever to perséver</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">175</div></div><p>Ther she is set, and never to dissever.</p> </div> @@ -18390,8 +18353,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Cunningly [for] to discryve and wryte;</p> <p>For wel ye wot, colour[es] have I noon</p> <p>Lyk her discrecioun craftely t'endyte;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>For what I sayë, al it is to lyte.</p> - <p>Whérfor to you thus I me excuse,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>For what I sayë, al it is to lyte.</p> + <p>Whérfor to you thus I me excuse,</p> <p>That I aqueynted am not with no muse!</p> </div> @@ -18400,7 +18363,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>In her preyse and commendacioun,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">185</div></div><p>I am to blind, so hyly to discerne,</p> <p>Of her goodnesse to make discripcioun,</p> - <p>Save thus I sayë, in conclusioun,</p> + <p>Save thus I sayë, in conclusioun,</p> <p>If that I shal shortly [her] commende,</p> <p>In her is naught that Nature can amende.</p> </div> @@ -18410,7 +18373,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And, in fairnesse, to the quene Helayne;</p> <p>Stedfast of herte, as was Dorigene,</p> <!-- Page 272 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page272"></a>[272]</span> - <p>And wyfly trouthë, if I shal not fayne:</p> + <p>And wyfly trouthë, if I shal not fayne:</p> <p>In constaunce eke and faith, she may attayne</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">195</div></div><p>To Cleopatre; and therto as †secree</p> <p>As was of Troye the whyte Antigone;</p> @@ -18422,14 +18385,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And to Grisilde lyk in pacience,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">200</div></div><p>And Ariadne, of discrecioun;</p> <p>And to Lucrece, that was of Rome toun,</p> - <p>She may be lykned, as for honestè;</p> + <p>She may be lykned, as for honestè;</p> <p>And, for her faith, unto Penelope.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>To faire Phyllis and to Hipsiphilee,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>For innocencë and for womanhede;</p> - <p>For seemlinessë, unto Canacee;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>For innocencë and for womanhede;</p> + <p>For seemlinessë, unto Canacee;</p> <p>And over this, to speke of goodlihede,</p> <p>She passeth alle that I can of rede;</p> <p>For worde and dede, that she naught ne falle,</p> @@ -18450,7 +18413,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>This is to mene, bountee goth afore,</p> <p>Lad by prudence, and hath the soveraintee;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">220</div></div><p>And beautee folweth, ruled by her lore,</p> - <p>That she †n'offendë her in no degree;</p> + <p>That she †n'offendë her in no degree;</p> <p>So that, in one, this goodly fresshe free</p> <p>Surmounting al, withouten any were,</p> <p>Is good and fair, in oon persone y-fere.</p> @@ -18460,9 +18423,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">225</div></div><p>And though that I, for very ignoraunce,</p> <p>Ne may discryve her vertues by and by,</p> <!-- Page 273 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page273"></a>[273]</span> - <p>Yet on this day, for a rémembraunce,</p> + <p>Yet on this day, for a rémembraunce,</p> <p>Only supported under her mercy,</p> - <p>With quaking hondë, I shal ful humbly</p> + <p>With quaking hondë, I shal ful humbly</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">230</div></div><p>To her hynesse, my rudenes for to quyte,</p> <p>A litel balade here bineth endyte,</p> </div> @@ -18481,7 +18444,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>We may assaye for to counterfete</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>His gaye style, but it wil not be;</p> <p>The welle is drye, with the licour swete,</p> - <p>Bothe of Clio and of Caliopè;</p> + <p>Bothe of Clio and of Caliopè;</p> <p>And first of al, I wol excuse me</p> <p>To her, that is [the] ground of goodlihede;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">245</div></div><p>And thus I saye until hir womanhede:—</p> @@ -18492,12 +18455,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>¶ 'With al my mightë, and my beste entente,</p> + <p>¶ 'With al my mightë, and my beste entente,</p> <p>With al the faith that mighty god of kynde</p> <p>Me yaf, sith he me soule and knowing sente,</p> <p>I chese, and to this bonde ever I me bynde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">250</div></div><p>To love you best, whyl I have lyf and mynde':—</p> - <p>Thus herde I foules in the dawëninge</p> + <p>Thus herde I foules in the dawëninge</p> <p>Upon the day of saint Valentyne singe.</p> </div> @@ -18514,12 +18477,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">260</div></div><p>'And over this, myn hertes lust to-bente,</p> - <p>In honour only of the wodëbynde,</p> + <p>In honour only of the wodëbynde,</p> <p>Hoolly I yeve, never to repente</p> <p>In joye or wo, wher-so that I wynde</p> - <p>Tofore Cupyde, with his eyën blynde':—</p> + <p>Tofore Cupyde, with his eyën blynde':—</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>The foules alle, whan Tytan did springe,</p> - <p>With dévout herte, me thoughte I herde singe!</p> + <p>With dévout herte, me thoughte I herde singe!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -18527,8 +18490,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>¶ Princesse of beautee, to you I represente</p> - <p>This simple dytè, rude as in makinge,</p> + <p>¶ Princesse of beautee, to you I represente</p> + <p>This simple dytè, rude as in makinge,</p> <p>Of herte and wil faithful in myn entente,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">270</div></div><p>Lyk as, this day, [the] foules herde I singe.</p> </div> @@ -18639,7 +18602,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>To love suche oon, al women surmounting,</p> <p>To be benigne to me, and merciable,</p> <!-- Page 276 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page276"></a>[276]</span> - <p>That is of pitè the welle and eek the spring!</p> + <p>That is of pitè the welle and eek the spring!</p> <p>Wherfor of her, in laude and in praysing,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>So as I can, supported by her grace,</p> <p>Right thus I say, kneling tofore her face:—</p> @@ -18657,12 +18620,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>O rightful rule, O rote of holinesse,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>And lightsom lyne of pitè for to playne,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>And lightsom lyne of pitè for to playne,</p> <p>Original ginning of grace and al goodnesse,</p> <p>Clenest conduit of vertue soverayne,</p> <p>Moder of mercy, our trouble to restrayne,</p> - <p>Chambre and closet clenest of chastitè,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>And named herberwe of the deitè!</p> + <p>Chambre and closet clenest of chastitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>And named herberwe of the deitè!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -18681,7 +18644,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>Vyneyerd vermayle, refressher of our food,</p> <!-- Page 277 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page277"></a>[277]</span> <p>Licour ayein languor, palled that may not be,</p> - <p>Blisful bawme-blossom, byding in bountè,</p> + <p>Blisful bawme-blossom, byding in bountè,</p> <p>Thy mantel of mercy on our mischef sprede,</p> <p>And er wo wake, wrappe us under thy wede!</p> </div> @@ -18707,9 +18670,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>To hem that rennen thou art itinerárie,</p> + <p>To hem that rennen thou art itinerárie,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>O blisful bravie to knightes of thy werre;</p> - <p>To wery werkmen thou art diourn denárie,</p> + <p>To wery werkmen thou art diourn denárie,</p> <p>Mede unto mariners that have sayled ferre;</p> <p>Laureat crowne, streming as a sterre</p> <p>To hem that putte hem in palestre for thy sake,</p> @@ -18743,13 +18706,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>O stedfast dyamaunt of duracioun,</p> <p>That fewe feres that tyme might thou finde,</p> <p>For noon to him was founden half so kinde!</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>O hardy herte, O loving crëature,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>O hardy herte, O loving crëature,</p> <p>What was it but love that made thee so endure?</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Semely saphyre, depe loupe, and blewe ewage,</p> - <p>Stable as the loupe, ewage of pitè,</p> + <p>Stable as the loupe, ewage of pitè,</p> <p>This is to say, the fresshest of visage,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Thou lovest hem unchaunged that serven thee.</p> <p>And if offence or wrything in hem be,</p> @@ -18771,7 +18734,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Lo, here the blossom and the budde of glorie,</p> <p>Of which the prophet spak so longe aforn;</p> - <p>Lo, here the same that was in memórie</p> + <p>Lo, here the same that was in memórie</p> <p>Of Isaie, so longe or she was born;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>Lo, here of David the delicious corn;</p> <p>Lo, here the ground that list [him] to onbelde,</p> @@ -18815,19 +18778,19 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Columpne and base, up bering from abyme;</p> <p>Why nere I conning, thee for to discryve?</p> <p>Chosen of Joseph, whom he took to wyve,</p> - <p>Unknowing him, childing by greet mirácle,</p> + <p>Unknowing him, childing by greet mirácle,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>And of our manhode trewe tabernacle!</p> </div> </div> <p><i>From</i> Th.; <i>collated with</i> A. (Ashmole 59); <i>and</i> Sl. - (Sloane 1212). 1. A. I kouþe to you. 2. A. clerkis (<i>for</i> poetes); + (Sloane 1212). 1. A. I kouþe to you. 2. A. clerkis (<i>for</i> poetes); the (<i>for</i> this). 3. A. cane mens hertes presse (!). 4. Th. hem; A. - þeire hertes. Th. in fere; A. a fuyre. 5. A. With ful daunger payeþe his + þeire hertes. Th. in fere; A. a fuyre. 5. A. With ful daunger payeþe his subgettes hyre. Sl. weere; Th. fere. 7. Th. Sl. euer; A. aye. Sl. A. his ... doth; Th. her ... do. 8. Th. nowe; A. <i>om.</i> Sl. redresse. 10. A. Ellas I ne can ne may not ful expresse. 11. Th. Sl. and that; A. the - whiche. 12. Th. wynde. Sl. into; Th. unto. A. þou blowe nowe to my. 13. + whiche. 12. Th. wynde. Sl. into; Th. unto. A. þou blowe nowe to my. 13. Th. auryate; A. aureate. A. <i>om.</i> of. 14. A. tenspyre of whiche I thenk to wryte. Sl. wold; Th. wol. 15. A. But sith I am sonworthy (!). 16. Sl. on; Th. A. one. 17. A. To; Th. Sl. But she.</p> @@ -18845,7 +18808,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> clerenesse. 38. A. Fructyff; Th. Fructyfyed. Th. fayre; A. so feyre. 39. A. <i>om.</i> And. A. <i>om.</i> most. 40. A <i>om.</i> on. Sl. pecchours (<i>for</i> sinners). A. unto; Th. Sl. that to the be. 41. Th. Sl. Or - wikked; A. Er foule. A. on hem þeire wrathe. Sl. upon; Th. on. 42. Th. + wikked; A. Er foule. A. on hem þeire wrathe. Sl. upon; Th. on. 42. Th. <i>om.</i> be. 43. A. Thou Paradys plesante, gladnesse of goode. 44. A. And benigne braunche. 45. A. Vyneyerde vermayle; Th. Sl. Vynarie enuermayled. Sl. food; Th. A. bote.</p> @@ -18939,7 +18902,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That I may see thee or myn herte colde,</p> <p>And or I passe out of my dayes olde,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Tofore singing evermore utterly—</p> - <p>'Your eyën two wol slee me sodainly.'</p> + <p>'Your eyën two wol slee me sodainly.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -18957,9 +18920,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>God wot, on musike I can not, but I gesse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>(Alas! why so?) that I might say or singe,</p> <p>So love I you, myn own soverain maistresse,</p> - <p>And ever shal, withouten départinge.</p> - <p>Mirrour of beautè, for you out shuld I ringe,</p> - <p>In rémembraunce eke of your eyen clere,</p> + <p>And ever shal, withouten départinge.</p> + <p>Mirrour of beautè, for you out shuld I ringe,</p> + <p>In rémembraunce eke of your eyen clere,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>Thus fer from you, my soverain lady dere!</p> </div> @@ -18979,7 +18942,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>Whos grace ne may flye fro your womanhede,</p> <p>Disdayneth not for to remembre on me!</p> <p>Myn herte bledeth, for I may nat you see;</p> - <p>And sith ye wot my mening désirous,</p> + <p>And sith ye wot my mening désirous,</p> <p><i>Pleurez pur moi, si vous plaist amorous!</i></p> </div> @@ -18988,7 +18951,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I am departed from you, my soveraine;</p> <p>Fortune, alas! <i>dont vient la destenee</i>,</p> <p>That in no wyse I can ne may attayne</p> - <p>To see the beautè of your eyën twayne.</p> + <p>To see the beautè of your eyën twayne.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>Wherfore I say, for tristesse doth me grame,</p> <p><i>Tant me fait mal departir de ma dame!</i></p> </div> @@ -19008,7 +18971,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>To live wel mery, two lovers were y-fere,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>So may I say withouten any blame;</p> <p>If any man [per cas] to wilde were,</p> - <p>I coude him [sonë] teche to be tame;</p> + <p>I coude him [sonë] teche to be tame;</p> <p>Let him go love, and see wher it be game!</p> <p>For I am brydled unto sobernesse</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">70</div></div><p>For her, that is of women cheef princesse.</p> @@ -19035,7 +18998,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>Al our lovë is but ydelnesse</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>Al our lovë is but ydelnesse</p> <p>Save your aloon; who might therto attayne?</p> <p>Who-so wol have a name of gentillesse,</p> <p>I counsayle him in love that he not fayne.</p> @@ -19046,7 +19009,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Nought may be told, withouten any fable,</p> - <p>Your high renome, your womanly beautè;</p> + <p>Your high renome, your womanly beautè;</p> <p>Your governaunce, to al worship able,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Putteth every herte in ese in his degree.</p> <p>O violet, <i>O flour desiree</i>,</p> @@ -19071,7 +19034,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Therfore I love no labour that ye lese,</p> <p>Whan, in longing, sorest ye be stad;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>Loke up, ye lovers [alle], and be right glad</p> - <p>Ayeines sëynt Valentynes day,</p> + <p>Ayeines sëynt Valentynes day,</p> <p>For I have chose that never forsake I may!</p> </div> @@ -19131,17 +19094,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>Anon the people, of malice, wol nat fayle,</p> <p>Without advyce or reson, for to sayn</p> <p>That thyn array is mad and wrought in vayn;</p> - <p>What! suffre hem spekë!—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>What! suffre hem spekë!—and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p>Thou wilt to kinges be equipolent,</p> - <p>With gretë lordes even and peregal;</p> + <p>With gretë lordes even and peregal;</p> <p>And, if thou be to-torn and al to-rent,</p> <p>Than wol they say, and jangle over-al,</p> - <p>Thou art a slogard, that never thryvë shal;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Yet suffre hem spekë!—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>Thou art a slogard, that never thryvë shal;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>Yet suffre hem spekë!—and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> <!-- Page 286 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page286"></a>[286]</span> </div> @@ -19152,48 +19115,48 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>If thou be foul and ugly on to see,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>They wol afferme that thou art vicious,</p> <p>The peple of langage is so dispitous;</p> - <p>Suffre hem spekë, and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>Suffre hem spekë, and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And if it fallë that thou take a wyf,</p> + <p>And if it fallë that thou take a wyf,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>[Than] they wol falsly say, in hir entent,</p> <p>That thou art lykly ever to live in stryf,</p> - <p>Voyd of al rest, without alegëment;</p> - <p>Wyves be maistres, this is hir jugëment;</p> - <p>Yet suffre hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>Voyd of al rest, without alegëment;</p> + <p>Wyves be maistres, this is hir jugëment;</p> + <p>Yet suffre hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And if it so be that, of parfitnesse,</p> <p>Thou hast avowed to live in chastitee,</p> - <p>Thán wol folk of thy persone expresse</p> + <p>Thán wol folk of thy persone expresse</p> <p>Say thou art impotent t'engendre in thy degree;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">40</div></div><p>And thus, whether thou be chast or deslavee,</p> - <p>Suffre hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>Suffre hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wel alway deme amis.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And if that thou be fat or corpulent,</p> <p>Than wol they say that thou art a glotoun,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>A devourour, or ellës vinolent;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>A devourour, or ellës vinolent;</p> <p>If thou be lene or megre of fassioun,</p> <p>Cal thee a nigard, in hir opinioun;</p> - <p>Yet suffre hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>Yet suffre hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> <!-- Page 287 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page287"></a>[287]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>If thou be richë, som wol yeve thee laud,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>If thou be richë, som wol yeve thee laud,</p> <p>And say, it cometh of prudent governaunce;</p> <p>And som wol sayen, that it cometh of fraud,</p> <p>Outher by sleight, or by fals chevisaunce;</p> <p>To say the worst, folk have so gret plesaunce;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>Yet suffre hem sayë—and trust right wel this,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>Yet suffre hem sayë—and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> </div> @@ -19203,7 +19166,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And if [that] thou be glad of daliaunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">60</div></div><p>Men wol deme it dissolucioun,</p> <p>And calle thy fair speche, adulacioun;</p> - <p>Yet let hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>Yet let hem spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> </div> @@ -19213,7 +19176,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And who is mery, of clene entencioun,</p> <p>Men say, in ryot he doth him delyte;</p> <p>Som mourne in blak; som laughe in clothes whyte;</p> - <p>What! suffre them spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> + <p>What! suffre them spekë—and trust right wel this,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">70</div></div><p>A wikked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> </div> @@ -19229,7 +19192,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Who speketh mochë, men calle him prudent;</p> + <p>Who speketh mochë, men calle him prudent;</p> <p>And who debateth, men say, he is hardy;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">80</div></div><p>And who saith litel with gret sentiment,</p> <p>Som men yet wol edwyte him of foly;</p> @@ -19242,7 +19205,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>For though a man were al-so pacient</p> <p>As was David, through his humilitee,</p> <p>Or with Salamon in wysdom as prudent,</p> - <p>Or in knighthode egal with Josuë,</p> + <p>Or in knighthode egal with Josuë,</p> <p>Or manly proved as Judas Machabee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>Yet, for al that—trust right wel this,</p> <p>A wicked tonge wol alway deme amis.</p> @@ -19280,9 +19243,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>The wyfly trouthë of Penelope,</p> + <p>The wyfly trouthë of Penelope,</p> <p>Though they it hadde in hir possessioun,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>Eleynes beautè, the kindnes of Medee,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>Eleynes beautè, the kindnes of Medee,</p> <p>The love unfeyned of Marcia Catoun,</p> <p>Or of Alcest the trewe affeccioun,</p> <p>Yit dar I say and truste right wel this,</p> @@ -19306,7 +19269,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 290 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page290"></a>[290]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>(By the wryting and sentence of Catoun),</p> <p>Is a good tonge, in his opinioun;</p> - <p>Chastyse the révers, and of wysdom do this,</p> + <p>Chastyse the révers, and of wysdom do this,</p> <p>Withdraw your hering from al that deme amis.</p> </div> </div> @@ -19511,7 +19474,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>So wel fortúned is hir chaunce</p> + <p>So wel fortúned is hir chaunce</p> <p>The dys to turnen up-so-doun,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>With sys and sink they can avaunce,</p> <p>And than, by revolucioun,</p> @@ -19614,11 +19577,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>I mene, in women, for al hir cheres queinte,</p> - <p>Trust nat to moche; hir trouthë is but geson;</p> + <p>Trust nat to moche; hir trouthë is but geson;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>The fairest outward ful wel can they peinte,</p> <p>Hir stedfastnes endureth but a seson;</p> <p>For they feyn frendlines and worchen treson.</p> - <p>And for they be chaungeáble naturally,</p> + <p>And for they be chaungeáble naturally,</p> <p>Bewar therfore; the blinde et many a fly.</p> </div> @@ -19636,7 +19599,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>What wight on-lyve trusteth in hir cheres</p> <p>Shal haue at last his guerdon and his mede;</p> - <p>They can shave nerer then rasóurs or sheres;</p> + <p>They can shave nerer then rasóurs or sheres;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>Al is nat gold that shyneth! Men, take hede;</p> <p>Hir galle is hid under a sugred wede.</p> <p>Hit is ful hard hir fantasy t'aspy;</p> @@ -19665,7 +19628,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>In short to say, though al the erth so wan</p> - <p>Were parchëmyn smothe, whyte and scribable,</p> + <p>Were parchëmyn smothe, whyte and scribable,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>And the gret see, cleped the occian,</p> <p>Were torned in inke, blakker then is sable,</p> <p>Ech stik a penne, ech man a scriveyn able,</p> @@ -19724,7 +19687,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Ther beth four thinges that maketh a man a fool,</p> - <p>Hónour first putteth him in outrage,</p> + <p>Hónour first putteth him in outrage,</p> <p>And alder-next solitarie and sool;</p> <p>The second is unweldy croked age;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Women also bring men in dotage;</p> @@ -19754,10 +19717,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>If it befalle, that god thee list visyte</p> <p>With any tourment or adversitee,</p> <p>Thank first the lord; and [than], thyself to quyte,</p> - <p>Upon suffrauncë and humilitee</p> + <p>Upon suffrauncë and humilitee</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Found thou thy quarrel, what-ever that it be;</p> <p>Mak thy defence (and thou shall have no losse)</p> - <p>The rémembraunce of Crist and of his crosse.</p> + <p>The rémembraunce of Crist and of his crosse.</p> </div> </div> @@ -19788,8 +19751,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Half in a dreme, not fully wel awaked,</p> <p>The golden sleep me wrapped under his wing;</p> <p>Yet nat for-thy I roos, and wel nigh naked,</p> - <p>Al sodaynly my-selve rémembring</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Of a matér, leving al other thing</p> + <p>Al sodaynly my-selve rémembring</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Of a matér, leving al other thing</p> <p>Which I shold do, with-outen more delay,</p> <p>For hem to whom I durst nat disobey.</p> </div> @@ -19798,7 +19761,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>My charge was this, to translate by and by,</p> <p>(Al thing forgive), as part of my penaunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>A book called Belle Dame sans Mercy</p> - <p>Which mayster Aleyn made of rémembraunce,</p> + <p>Which mayster Aleyn made of rémembraunce,</p> <p>Cheef secretarie with the king of Fraunce.</p> <p>And ther-upon a whyle I stood musing,</p> <p>And in my-self gretly imagening</p> @@ -19817,7 +19780,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>I cast my clothes on, and went my way,</p> - <p>This foresayd charge having in rémembraunce,</p> + <p>This foresayd charge having in rémembraunce,</p> <p>Til I cam to a lusty green valey</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>Ful of floures, to see, a gret plesaunce;</p> <p>And so bolded, with their benygn suffraunce</p> @@ -19931,7 +19894,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>The ladies sat, ech as hem semed best.</p> <p>Were non that did servyce within that place</p> <p>But chosen men, right of the goodliest:</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>And som ther were, peravénture most fresshest,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>And som ther were, peravénture most fresshest,</p> <p>That sawe their juges, sitting ful demure,</p> <p>Without semblaunt either to most or lest,</p> <p>Notwithstanding they had hem under cure.</p> @@ -19976,9 +19939,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And wel he couth, right as it semed me.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">135</div></div><p>But evermore, whan he was in presence,</p> <p>His chere was don; it wold non other be.</p> - <p>His scole-maister had suche auctoritè</p> + <p>His scole-maister had suche auctoritè</p> <p>That, al the whyle he bood stille in the place,</p> - <p>Speke coude he nat, but upon her beautè</p> + <p>Speke coude he nat, but upon her beautè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>He loked stil, with right a pitous face.</p> </div> @@ -20022,7 +19985,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>If that her hert were set to his plesaunce</p> <p>As moche as was her beauteous persone.</p> <p>For who that ever set his trust upon</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>The réport of the eyen, withouten more,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>The réport of the eyen, withouten more,</p> <p>He might be deed and graven under stoon</p> <p>Or ever he shulde his hertes ese restore.</p> </div> @@ -20121,7 +20084,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Though it be so, that I can nat deserve</p> <p>To have your grace, but alway live in drede,</p> <p>Yet suffre me you for to love and serve</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>Without maugrè of your most goodlihede;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>Without maugrè of your most goodlihede;</p> <!-- Page 307 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page307"></a>[307]</span> <p>Both faith and trouth I give your womanhede,</p> <p>And my servyse, withoute ayein-calling.</p> @@ -20137,7 +20100,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Me thinketh, sir, your thought is greet foly!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">250</div></div><p>Purpose ye not your labour for to cese?</p> <p>For thinketh not, whyl that ye live and I,</p> - <p>In this matére to set your hert in pees!'</p> + <p>In this matére to set your hert in pees!'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -20146,7 +20109,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">255</div></div><p>For with your eyen the letters written be,</p> <p>By which I am defyed and put a-fer.</p> <p>Your plesaunt look, my verray lode-sterre,</p> - <p>Was made heraud of thilk same défyaunce</p> + <p>Was made heraud of thilk same défyaunce</p> <p>Which utterly behight me to forbarre</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">260</div></div><p>My faithful trust and al myn affyaunce.'</p> </div> @@ -20170,7 +20133,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 308 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page308"></a>[308]</span> <p>And, sith Fortune not only, by her chaunce,</p> <p>Hath caused me to suffre al this payn,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>But your beautè, with al the circumstaunce,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>But your beautè, with al the circumstaunce,</p> <p>Why list ye have me in so greet disdayn?'</p> </div> @@ -20192,7 +20155,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That I, unware, am casten in your chayne;</p> <p>And sith so is, as Fortune list ordayne,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>Al my welfare is in your handes falle,</p> - <p>In eschewing of more mischévous payn;</p> + <p>In eschewing of more mischévous payn;</p> <p>Who sonest dyeth, his care is leest of alle.'</p> </div> @@ -20233,7 +20196,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Lam.</i> 'Love, which that joy and sorowe doth departe,</p> <p>Hath set the ladies out of al servage,</p> - <p>And largëly doth graunt hem, for their parte,</p> + <p>And largëly doth graunt hem, for their parte,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">320</div></div><p>Lordship and rule of every maner age.</p> <p>The poor servaunt nought hath of avauntage</p> <p>But what he may get only of purchace;</p> @@ -20277,12 +20240,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Lam.</i> 'Sith for-as-moche as god and eke nature</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>Hath †love avaunced to so hye degrè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>Hath †love avaunced to so hye degrè,</p> <p>Moch sharper is the point, this am I sure,</p> <p>Yet greveth more the faute, wher-ever it be.</p> - <p>Who hath no cold, of hete hath no deyntè,</p> + <p>Who hath no cold, of hete hath no deyntè,</p> <p>The toon for the tother asked is expresse;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">355</div></div><p>And of plesaunce knoweth non the certeyntè</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">355</div></div><p>And of plesaunce knoweth non the certeyntè</p> <p>But it be wonne with thought and hevinesse.'</p> </div> @@ -20348,7 +20311,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But, for his love, among your thoughtes al,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">400</div></div><p>As think upon my woful sorowes smert;</p> <p>For of my payne, wheder your tender hert</p> - <p>Of swete pitè be not therwith agreved,</p> + <p>Of swete pitè be not therwith agreved,</p> <p>And if your grace to me were discovert,</p> <p>Than, by your mene, sone shulde I be releved.'</p> <!-- Page 312 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page312"></a>[312]</span> @@ -20434,7 +20397,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Lam.</i> 'In-to this world was never formed non,</p> - <p>Nor under heven crëature y-bore,</p> + <p>Nor under heven crëature y-bore,</p> <p>Nor never shal, save only your persone,</p> <p>To whom your worship toucheth half so sore,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">465</div></div><p>But me, which have no seson, lesse ne more,</p> @@ -20530,7 +20493,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That it ne may give credence, in no wyse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">530</div></div><p>To thing which is not sowning unto trouthe;</p> <p>Other counsayl, it ar but fantasyes,</p> - <p>Save of your grace to shewe pitè and routhe.'</p> + <p>Save of your grace to shewe pitè and routhe.'</p> <!-- Page 316 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page316"></a>[316]</span> </div> @@ -20542,7 +20505,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And he that wil not after counsayl do,</p> <p>His sute he putteth in desesperaunce;</p> <p>And al the good, which that shulde falle him to,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">540</div></div><p>Is left as deed, clene out of rémembraunce.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">540</div></div><p>Is left as deed, clene out of rémembraunce.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -20614,10 +20577,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Lam.</i> 'If trouth me cause, by vertue soverayne,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">590</div></div><p>To shew good love, and alway fynd contráry,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">590</div></div><p>To shew good love, and alway fynd contráry,</p> <p>And cherish that which sleeth me with the payne,</p> <p>This is to me a lovely adversary!</p> - <p>Whan that pitè, which long a-slepe doth tary,</p> + <p>Whan that pitè, which long a-slepe doth tary,</p> <p>Hath set the fyne of al myn hevinesse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">595</div></div><p>Yet her comfort, to me most necessary,</p> <p>Shuld set my wil more sure in stablenesse.'</p> @@ -20636,7 +20599,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">605</div></div><p><i>Lam.</i> 'Now god defend but he be havëlesse</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">605</div></div><p><i>Lam.</i> 'Now god defend but he be havëlesse</p> <p>Of al worship or good that may befal,</p> <p>That to the werst tourneth, by his lewdnesse,</p> <p>A gift of grace, or any-thing at al</p> @@ -20651,17 +20614,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>By which of right oon may recovered be;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">615</div></div><p>Oon curseth fast, another doth manace,</p> <p>Yet dyeth non, as ferre as I can see,</p> - <p>But kepe their cours alway, in oon degrè,</p> + <p>But kepe their cours alway, in oon degrè,</p> <p>And evermore their labour doth encrese</p> - <p>To bring ladyes, by their gret soteltè,</p> + <p>To bring ladyes, by their gret soteltè,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">620</div></div><p>For others gilte, in sorowe and disese!'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Lam.</i> 'Al-be-it so oon do so greet offence,</p> - <p>And be not deed, nor put to no juÿse,</p> + <p>And be not deed, nor put to no juÿse,</p> <p>Right wel I wot, him gayneth no defence,</p> - <p>But he must ende in ful mischévous wyse,</p> + <p>But he must ende in ful mischévous wyse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">625</div></div><p>And al that ever is good wil him dispyse.</p> <p>For falshed is so ful of cursednesse</p> <!-- Page 319 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page319"></a>[319]</span> @@ -20693,7 +20656,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">645</div></div><p><i>La D.</i> 'To love trewly ther-as ye ought of right,</p> - <p>Ye may not be mistaken, doutëlesse;</p> + <p>Ye may not be mistaken, doutëlesse;</p> <p>But ye be foul deceyved in your sight</p> <p>By lightly understanding, as I gesse.</p> <p>Yet may ye wel repele your businesse</p> @@ -20711,14 +20674,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Their wil and myn be medled al in oon,</p> <p>And therwith bounden with so strong a cheyne</p> <p>That, as in hem, departing shal be noon,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">660</div></div><p>But pitè breke the mighty bond atwayne.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">660</div></div><p>But pitè breke the mighty bond atwayne.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>La D.</i> 'Who loveth not himself, what-ever he be</p> <p>In love, he stant forgete in every place;</p> - <p>And of your wo if ye have no pitè,</p> - <p>Others pitè bileve not to purchace;</p> + <p>And of your wo if ye have no pitè,</p> + <p>Others pitè bileve not to purchace;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">665</div></div><p>But beth fully assured in this case,</p> <p>I am alway under oon ordinaunce,</p> <p>To have better; trusteth not after grace,</p> @@ -20727,12 +20690,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Lam.</i> 'I have my hope so sure and so stedfast</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">670</div></div><p>That suche a lady shulde nat fail pitè;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">670</div></div><p>That suche a lady shulde nat fail pitè;</p> <p>But now, alas! it is shit up so fast,</p> - <p>That Daunger sheweth on me his crueltè.</p> + <p>That Daunger sheweth on me his crueltè.</p> <p>And if she see the vertue fayle in me</p> <p>Of trew servyce, then she to fayle also</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">675</div></div><p>No wonder were; but this is the suretè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">675</div></div><p>No wonder were; but this is the suretè,</p> <p>I must suffre, which way that ever it go.'</p> </div> @@ -20751,22 +20714,22 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">685</div></div><p><i>Lam.</i> 'Ye say as falleth most for your plesaunce,</p> <p>And your power is greet; al this I see;</p> <!-- Page 321 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page321"></a>[321]</span> - <p>But hope shal never out of my rémembraunce,</p> - <p>By whiche I felt so greet adversitè.</p> - <p>For whan nature hath set in you plentè</p> + <p>But hope shal never out of my rémembraunce,</p> + <p>By whiche I felt so greet adversitè.</p> + <p>For whan nature hath set in you plentè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">690</div></div><p>Of al goodnesse, by vertue and by grace,</p> <p>He never assembled hem, as semeth me,</p> - <p>To put Pitè out of his dwelling-place.'</p> + <p>To put Pitè out of his dwelling-place.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p><i>La D.</i> 'Pitè of right ought to be resonable,</p> + <p><i>La D.</i> 'Pitè of right ought to be resonable,</p> <p>And to no wight of greet disavantage;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">695</div></div><p>There-as is nede, it shuld be profitable,</p> <p>And to the pitous shewing no damage.</p> <p>If a lady wil do so greet out-rage</p> - <p>To shewe pitè, and cause her own debate,</p> - <p>Of such pitè cometh dispitous rage,</p> + <p>To shewe pitè, and cause her own debate,</p> + <p>Of such pitè cometh dispitous rage,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">700</div></div><p>And of the love also right deedly hate.'</p> </div> @@ -20776,8 +20739,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But ye, that bere an herte of such duresse,</p> <p>And a fair body formed to the same,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">705</div></div><p>If I durst say, ye winne al this defame</p> - <p>By Crueltè, which sitteth you ful il,</p> - <p>But-if Pitè, which may al this attame,</p> + <p>By Crueltè, which sitteth you ful il,</p> + <p>But-if Pitè, which may al this attame,</p> <p>In your high herte may rest and tary stil.'</p> </div> @@ -20787,13 +20750,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Ought he be wroth, or shulde I blamed be,</p> <p>Though I did noght as he wolde have me do?</p> <p>If I medled with suche or other mo,</p> - <p>It might be called pitè manerlesse;</p> + <p>It might be called pitè manerlesse;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">715</div></div><p>And, afterward if I shulde live in wo,</p> <p>Than to repent it were to late, I gesse.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p><i>Lam.</i> 'O marble herte, and yet more hard, pardè,</p> + <p><i>Lam.</i> 'O marble herte, and yet more hard, pardè,</p> <p>Which mercy may nat perce, for no labour,</p> <!-- Page 322 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page322"></a>[322]</span> <p>More strong to bowe than is a mighty tree,</p> @@ -20861,9 +20824,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">765</div></div><p><i>Lam.</i> 'Now knowe I wel, of very certayntè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">765</div></div><p><i>Lam.</i> 'Now knowe I wel, of very certayntè,</p> <p>Though oon do trewly, yet shal he be shent,</p> - <p>Sith al maner of justice and pitè</p> + <p>Sith al maner of justice and pitè</p> <p>Is banisshed out of a ladyes entent.</p> <p>I can nat see but al is at oo stent,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">770</div></div><p>The good and il, the vyce and eek vertue!</p> @@ -20888,10 +20851,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>May not be had, but alway kept in store,</p> <p>I pele to god, for he may here my moon,</p> <p>Of the duresse, which greveth me so sore.</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">785</div></div><p>And of pitè I pleyn me further-more,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">785</div></div><p>And of pitè I pleyn me further-more,</p> <p>Which he forgat, in al his ordinaunce,</p> <p>Or els my lyf to have ended before,</p> - <p>Which he so sone put out of rémembraunce.'</p> + <p>Which he so sone put out of rémembraunce.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -20915,9 +20878,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>His woful hert almost to-brast in twayne,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">800</div></div><p>Ful lyke to dye, forth walking in a traunce,</p> <p>And sayd, 'Now, deeth, com forth! thy-self avaunce,</p> - <p>Or that myn hert forgete his propertè;</p> + <p>Or that myn hert forgete his propertè;</p> <p>And make shorter al this woful penaunce</p> - <p>Of my pore lyfe, ful of adversitè!'</p> + <p>Of my pore lyfe, ful of adversitè!'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -20944,13 +20907,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Refus hath mad for al such flateryes</p> <p>His castelles strong, stuffed with ordinaunce,</p> <p>For they have had long tyme, by their offyce,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">820</div></div><p>The hool countrè of Love in obeysaunce.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">820</div></div><p>The hool countrè of Love in obeysaunce.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And ye, ladyes, or what estat ye be,</p> <p>In whom Worship hath chose his dwelling-place,</p> - <p>For goddes love, do no such crueltè,</p> + <p>For goddes love, do no such crueltè,</p> <p>Namely, to hem that have deserved grace.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">825</div></div><p>Nor in no wyse ne folowe not the trace</p> <p>Of her, that here is named rightwisly,</p> @@ -20975,7 +20938,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Pray hem also, with thyn humble servyce,</p> - <p>Thy boldënesse to pardon in this case;</p> + <p>Thy boldënesse to pardon in this case;</p> <p>For els thou art not able, in no wyse,</p> <p>To make thy-self appere in any place.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">840</div></div><p>And furthermore, beseche hem, of their grace,</p> @@ -20996,8 +20959,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">850</div></div><p>Right thus I make an ende of this processe,</p> <p>Beseching him that al hath in balaunce</p> - <p>That no trew man be vexed, causëlesse,</p> - <p>As this man was, which is of rémembraunce;</p> + <p>That no trew man be vexed, causëlesse,</p> + <p>As this man was, which is of rémembraunce;</p> <p>And al that doon their faythful observaunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">855</div></div><p>And in their trouth purpose hem to endure,</p> <p>I pray god sende hem better aventure.</p> @@ -21442,7 +21405,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Quhen Diomed had all his appetyt,</p> <p>And mair, fulfillit of this fair lady,</p> <p>Upon ane uther he set his haill delyt,</p> - <p>And send to hir ane lybel of répudy,</p> + <p>And send to hir ane lybel of répudy,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>And hir excludit fra his company.</p> <p>Than desolait sho walkit up and doun,</p> <p>And, sum men sayis, into the court commoun.</p> @@ -21514,7 +21477,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">120</div></div><p>But past into ane secreit orature</p> <p>Quhair sho micht weip hir wofull desteny.</p> <p>Behind hir bak sho cloisit fast the dure,</p> - <p>And on hir knëis bair fell down in hy.</p> + <p>And on hir knëis bair fell down in hy.</p> <p>Upon Venus and Cupid angerly</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">125</div></div><p>Sho cryit out, and said on this same wys,</p> <p>'Allas! that ever I maid yow sacrifys!</p> @@ -21552,9 +21515,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Quhilk hes powèr of all thing generábill</p> + <p>Quhilk hes powèr of all thing generábill</p> <p>To reull and steir, be thair greit influence,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">150</div></div><p>Wedder and wind and coursis variábill.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">150</div></div><p>Wedder and wind and coursis variábill.</p> <p>And first of all Saturn gave his sentence,</p> <p>Quhilk gave to Cupid litill reverence,</p> <p>But as ane busteous churl, on his maneir,</p> @@ -21582,9 +21545,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Than Juppiter richt fair and amiábill,</p> + <p>Than Juppiter richt fair and amiábill,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">170</div></div><p>God of the starnis in the firmament,</p> - <p>And nureis to all thing[is] generábill,</p> + <p>And nureis to all thing[is] generábill,</p> <p>Fra his father Saturn far different,</p> <p>With burely face, and browis bricht and brent;</p> <p>Upon his heid ane garland wonder gay</p> @@ -21625,7 +21588,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Than fair Phebus, lanterne and lamp of licht</p> <p>Of man and beist, baith frute and flourishing,</p> - <p>Tender nuréis, and banisher of nicht,</p> + <p>Tender nuréis, and banisher of nicht,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">200</div></div><p>And of the warld causing, be his moving</p> <p>And influence, lyf in all eirdly thing;</p> <p>Without comfort of quhom, of force to nocht</p> @@ -21633,7 +21596,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>As king royáll he raid upon his chair,</p> + <p>As king royáll he raid upon his chair,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>The quhilk Phaeton gydit sum-tyme unricht;</p> <p>The brichtnes of his face, quhen it was bair,</p> <!-- Page 334 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page334"></a>[334]</span> @@ -21645,8 +21608,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The first was soyr, with mane als reid as rois,</p> - <p>Callit Eöy, in-to the orient;</p> - <p>The secund steid to name hecht Ethiös,</p> + <p>Callit Eöy, in-to the orient;</p> + <p>The secund steid to name hecht Ethiös,</p> <p>Quhytly and paill, and sum-deill ascendent;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>The thrid Peros, richt hait and richt fervent;</p> <p>The feird was blak, callit †Philegoney,</p> @@ -21660,7 +21623,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>The ane half grene, the uther half sabill-blak;</p> <p>Quhyte hair as gold, kemmit and shed abak;</p> <p>But in hir face semit greit variance,</p> - <p>Quhyles perfit treuth, and quhylës inconstance.</p> + <p>Quhyles perfit treuth, and quhylës inconstance.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -21687,8 +21650,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>With buik in hand than com Mercurius,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>Richt eloquent and full of rethory;</p> - <p>With pólite termis and delicious;</p> - <p>With pen and ink to réport all redy;</p> + <p>With pólite termis and delicious;</p> + <p>With pen and ink to réport all redy;</p> <p>Setting sangis, and singand merily.</p> <p>His hude was reid, heklit atour his croun,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">245</div></div><p>Lyk to ane poeit of the auld fassoun.</p> @@ -21746,7 +21709,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Saying, of hir greit infelicitè</p> + <p>Saying, of hir greit infelicitè</p> <p>I was the caus; and my mother Venus,</p> <p>Ane blind goddes hir cald, that micht not see,</p> <p>With slander and defame injurious.</p> @@ -21757,19 +21720,19 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And sen ye ar all sevin deificait,</p> - <p>Participant of dévyn sapience,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>This greit injúry don to our hy estait</p> + <p>Participant of dévyn sapience,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>This greit injúry don to our hy estait</p> <p>Me-think with pane we suld mak recompence;</p> <p>Was never to goddis don sic violence.</p> <p>As weill for yow as for myself I say;</p> - <p>Thairfoir ga help to révenge, I yow pray.'</p> + <p>Thairfoir ga help to révenge, I yow pray.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">295</div></div><p>Mercurius to Cupid gave answeir,</p> <p>And said, 'Shir king, my counsall is that ye</p> <p>Refer yow to the hyest planeit heir,</p> - <p>And tak to him the lawest of degrè,</p> + <p>And tak to him the lawest of degrè,</p> <p>The pane of Cresseid for to modify;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">300</div></div><p>As god Saturn, with him tak Cynthia.'</p> <p>'I am content,' quod he, 'to tak thay twa.'</p> @@ -21782,8 +21745,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For the dispyt to Cupid sho had done,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>And to Venus oppin and manifest,</p> <p>In all hir lyf with pane to be opprest</p> - <p>And torment sair, with seiknes incurábill,</p> - <p>And to all lovers be abominábill.</p> + <p>And torment sair, with seiknes incurábill,</p> + <p>And to all lovers be abominábill.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -21824,7 +21787,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 338 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page338"></a>[338]</span> <p>'Fra heil of body I thee now depryve,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">335</div></div><p>And to thy seiknes sal be na recure,</p> - <p>But in dolóur thy dayis to indure.</p> + <p>But in dolóur thy dayis to indure.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -21843,7 +21806,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And all that court and convocatioun</p> <p>Vanischit away. Than rais sho up and tuik</p> <p>Ane poleist glas, and hir shaddow coud luik;</p> - <p>And quhen sho saw hir face sa déformait,</p> + <p>And quhen sho saw hir face sa déformait,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>Gif sho in hart was wa aneuch, god wait!</p> </div> @@ -21863,7 +21826,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>First knokkit at the dure, and syne coud call—</p> <p>'Madame, your father biddis you cum in hy;</p> <p>He has mervell sa lang on grouf ye ly,</p> - <p>And sayis, "Your prayërs been to lang sum-deill;</p> + <p>And sayis, "Your prayërs been to lang sum-deill;</p> <p>The goddis wait all your intent full weill."'</p> <!-- Page 339 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page339"></a>[339]</span> </div> @@ -21892,7 +21855,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Quhen thay togidder murnit had full lang,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">380</div></div><p>Quod Cresseid, 'Father, I wald not be kend;</p> <p>Thairfoir in secreit wyse ye let me gang</p> - <p>To yon hospítall at the tounis end;</p> + <p>To yon hospÃtall at the tounis end;</p> <p>And thidder sum meit, for cheritie, me send</p> <p>To leif upon; for all mirth in this eird</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">385</div></div><p>Is fra me gane; sik is my wikkit weird.'</p> @@ -21910,7 +21873,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Sum knew hir weill, and sum had na knawlege</p> - <p>Of hir, becaus sho was sa déformait</p> + <p>Of hir, becaus sho was sa déformait</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">395</div></div><p>With bylis blak, ourspred in hir visage,</p> <p>And hir fair colour faidit and alterait.</p> <!-- Page 340 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page340"></a>[340]</span> @@ -21954,7 +21917,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p style="margin-left:1.2em">With saipheron sals of ane gude sessoun;</p> <p style="margin-left:1.2em">Thy gay garmentis, with mony gudely goun,</p> <p>Thy plesand lawn pinnit with goldin prene?</p> - <p style="margin-left:1.2em">All is areir thy greit royáll renoun!</p> + <p style="margin-left:1.2em">All is areir thy greit royáll renoun!</p> <!-- Page 341 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page341"></a>[341]</span> </div> @@ -22045,7 +22008,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Throw jeopardy of weir had strikkin doun</p> <p>Knichtis of Grece in number mervellous.</p> <!-- Page 343 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page343"></a>[343]</span> - <p>With greit triúmph and laud victorious</p> + <p>With greit triúmph and laud victorious</p> <p>Agane to Troy richt royally thay raid</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">490</div></div><p>The way quhair Cresseid with the lipper baid.</p> </div> @@ -22094,7 +22057,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>For knichtly pity and memoriall</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">520</div></div><p>Of fair Cresseid, ane girdill can he tak,</p> - <p>Ane purs of gold and mony gay jowáll,</p> + <p>Ane purs of gold and mony gay jowáll,</p> <p>And in the skirt of Cresseid doun can swak;</p> <p>Than raid away, and not ane word he spak,</p> <p>Pensive in hart, quhill he com to the toun,</p> @@ -22204,9 +22167,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Quhen he had hard hir greit infirmitè,</p> + <p>Quhen he had hard hir greit infirmitè,</p> <p>Hir legacy and lamentatioun,</p> - <p>And how sho endit in sik povertè,</p> + <p>And how sho endit in sik povertè,</p> <p>He swelt for wo, and fell doun in ane swoun;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">600</div></div><p>For greit sorrow his hart to birst was boun.</p> <p>Syching full sadly, said, 'I can no moir;</p> @@ -22226,7 +22189,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">610</div></div><p>Now, worthy wemen, in this ballet short,</p> <p>Made for your worship and instructioun,</p> - <p>Of cheritè I monish and exhort,</p> + <p>Of cheritè I monish and exhort,</p> <p>Ming not your luf with fals deceptioun.</p> <p>Beir in your mynd this short conclusioun</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">615</div></div><p>Of fair Cresseid, as I have said befoir;</p> @@ -22475,7 +22438,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>For whan they mowe here the briddes singe,</p> <p>And see the floures and the leves springe,</p> - <p>That bringeth into hertes rémembraunce</p> + <p>That bringeth into hertes rémembraunce</p> <p>A maner ese, medled with grevaunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>And lusty thoughtes fulle of greet longinge.</p> </div> @@ -22516,7 +22479,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And then I thoghte, anon as it was day,</p> <p>I wolde go som whider to assay</p> - <p>If that I might a nightingalë here;</p> + <p>If that I might a nightingalë here;</p> <p>For yet had I non herd of al this yere,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>And hit was tho the thridde night of May.</p> </div> @@ -22549,7 +22512,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>They coude that servyce al by rote;</p> <p>Ther was many a lovely straunge note;</p> - <p>Some songe loudë, as they hadde pleyned,</p> + <p>Some songe loudë, as they hadde pleyned,</p> <p>And some in other maner vois y-feyned,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>And some al out, with al the fulle throte.</p> </div> @@ -22582,7 +22545,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 351 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page351"></a>[351]</span> <p>And that was on a tree right fast[e] by;</p> <p>But who was than evel apayd but I?</p> - <p>'Now god,' quod I, 'that dyëd on the crois</p> + <p>'Now god,' quod I, 'that dyëd on the crois</p> <p>Yeve sorow on thee, and on thy lewde vois!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>For litel joye have I now of thy cry.'</p> </div> @@ -22590,7 +22553,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And as I with the cukkow thus gan chyde,</p> <p>I herde, in the nexte bush besyde,</p> - <p>A Nightingalë so lustily singe</p> + <p>A Nightingalë so lustily singe</p> <p>That with her clere vois she made ringe</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">100</div></div><p>Through-out al the grene wode wyde.</p> </div> @@ -22605,7 +22568,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>But now I wol you telle a wonder thing:</p> - <p>As longë as I lay in that swowning,</p> + <p>As longë as I lay in that swowning,</p> <p>Me thoughte, I wiste what the briddes ment,</p> <p>And what they seyde, and what was her entent,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>And of her speche I hadde good knowing.</p> @@ -22655,7 +22618,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Ey!' quod the Cukkow, 'this is a queint lawe,</p> <p>That every wight shal love or be to-drawe!</p> - <p>But I forsake al suchë companye.</p> + <p>But I forsake al suchë companye.</p> <p>For myn entent is neither for to dye,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>Ne, whyl I live, in loves yok to drawe.</p> </div> @@ -22663,7 +22626,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <!-- Page 353 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page353"></a>[353]</span> <p>For lovers ben the folk that been on-lyve</p> - <p>That most disesë han, and most unthryve,</p> + <p>That most disesë han, and most unthryve,</p> <p>And, most enduren sorow, wo, and care;</p> <p>And, at the laste, failen of welfare;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>What nedeth hit ayeines trouth to stryve?'</p> @@ -22679,10 +22642,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>For ther-of, trewly, cometh al goodnesse,</p> - <p>Al honóur, and [eke] al gentilnesse,</p> - <p>Worship, esë, and al hertes lust,</p> + <p>Al honóur, and [eke] al gentilnesse,</p> + <p>Worship, esë, and al hertes lust,</p> <p>Parfit joye, and ful assured trust,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>Jolitee, plesauncë, and freshnesse,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>Jolitee, plesauncë, and freshnesse,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -22715,7 +22678,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Sorowe and care, and mony a greet seknesse,</p> <p>Dispyt, debat, [and] anger, and envye,</p> <p>Repreef and shame, untrust and jelousye,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">175</div></div><p>Pryde and mischeef, povértee, and woodnesse.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">175</div></div><p>Pryde and mischeef, povértee, and woodnesse.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -22735,7 +22698,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Fy!' quod she, 'on thy namë and on thee!</p> + <p>'Fy!' quod she, 'on thy namë and on thee!</p> <p>The god of love ne let thee never y-thee!</p> <p>For thou art wors a thousand-fold than wood.</p> <p>For many on is ful worthy and ful good,</p> @@ -22747,7 +22710,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For Love his servaunts ever-more amendeth,</p> <p>And from al evel taches hem defendeth,</p> <p>And maketh hem to brenne right as fyr</p> - <p>In trouthë and in worshipful desyr,</p> + <p>In trouthë and in worshipful desyr,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">195</div></div><p>And, whom him liketh, joye y-nough hem sendeth.'</p> </div> @@ -22764,7 +22727,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For he is blind alwey, and may not see;</p> <p>And whom he hit he not, or whom he fayleth;</p> <p>And in his court ful selden trouthe avayleth;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>Só dyvérs and so wilfúl is he.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>Só dyvérs and so wilfúl is he.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -22828,7 +22791,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 357 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page357"></a>[357]</span> <p>'Ye, use thou,' quod she, 'this medicyne;</p> <p>Every day this May, or that thou dyne,</p> - <p>Go loke upon the fresshe dayësyë.</p> + <p>Go loke upon the fresshe dayësyë.</p> <p>And though thou be for wo in poynt to dye,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">245</div></div><p>That shal ful gretly lissen thee of thy pyne.</p> </div> @@ -22843,7 +22806,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And whan she hadde songe hit to the ende,</p> - <p>'Nów farewel,' quod she, 'for I mot wende;</p> + <p>'Nów farewel,' quod she, 'for I mot wende;</p> <p>And god of love, that can right wel and may,</p> <p>As mochel joye sende thee this day</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">255</div></div><p>As ever yet he any lover sende!'</p> @@ -22861,7 +22824,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Forth she fley, the gentil Nightingale,</p> <p>To al the briddes that were in that dale,</p> <p>And gat hem alle into a place in-fere,</p> - <p>And †hem besoughte that they woldë here</p> + <p>And †hem besoughte that they woldë here</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>Her disese; and thus began her tale:—</p> </div> @@ -22922,7 +22885,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> That; F. B. Ff. What; S. Quhom. 11. Th. tel; wytte. 12, 13. Th. T. <i>transpose these lines</i>. 12. Th. Ff. wol; <i>rest</i> can. 13. Th. folke. 14. <i>I supply</i> eke. Th. T. <i>om.</i> in (S. <i>has</i> - in-to). F. lyther; S. lidd<i>er</i>; Th. Ff. lythy; T. leþi. Th. folke. + in-to). F. lyther; S. lidd<i>er</i>; Th. Ff. lythy; T. leþi. Th. folke. Th. T. to distroyen; <i>rest om.</i> to.</p> <p>17. Ff. T. Ageynes; S. Ageynest; Th. Agaynst; F. B. Ayenst. Th. Ff. T. @@ -22987,7 +22950,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> line runs badly.</i>) 104. F. B. <i>om.</i> hast. 105. Th. T. <i>om.</i> that. Th. yuel fyre. Th. S. her; <i>rest</i> him. Th. bren; <i>rest</i> brenne. 106. Th. nowe; tel. 107. Th. laye. (<i>The line runs badly; - read</i> longë <i>or</i> swowening.) 108. Th. thought; wyst. Th. T. what; + read</i> longë <i>or</i> swowening.) 108. Th. thought; wyst. Th. T. what; <i>rest</i> al that. 109. Th. sayd. 110. T. hade; <i>rest</i> had. 111. Th. <i>om.</i> And. Th. T. there (<i>for</i> than). 112. Th. Nowe good. 113. Th. lette. 114. Th. the.</p> @@ -23154,7 +23117,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Who hath thee caused, or yeve thee hardinesse</p> <p>For to appere in my ladyes presence?</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>I am ful siker, thou knowest her benivolence</p> - <p>Ful ágreable to alle hir obeyinge;</p> + <p>Ful ágreable to alle hir obeyinge;</p> <p>For of al goode she is the best livinge.</p> </div> @@ -23229,55 +23192,55 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Had whirled up the sterry sky aloft,</p> <p>And in the Bole was entred certainly;</p> <p>Whan shoures swete of rain discended †soft,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Causing the ground, felë tymes and oft,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Causing the ground, felë tymes and oft,</p> <p>Up for to give many an hoolsom air,</p> <p>And every plain was [eek y-]clothed fair</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>With newe grene, and maketh smalë floures</p> + <p>With newe grene, and maketh smalë floures</p> <p>To springen here and there in feld and mede;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>So very good and hoolsom be the shoures</p> <p>That it reneweth, that was old and deede</p> <p>In winter-tyme; and out of every seede</p> - <p>Springeth the herbë, so that every wight</p> + <p>Springeth the herbë, so that every wight</p> <p>Of this sesoun wexeth [ful] glad and light.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p>And I, só glad of the seson swete,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p>And I, só glad of the seson swete,</p> <p>Was happed thus upon a certain night;</p> <p>As I lay in my bed, sleep ful unmete</p> <p>Was unto me; but, why that I ne might</p> <p>Rest, I ne wist; for there nas erthly wight,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>As I suppose, had more hertës ese</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>As I suppose, had more hertës ese</p> <p>Than I, for I n'ad siknesse nor disese.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <!-- Page 362 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page362"></a>[362]</span> <p>Wherfore I mervail gretly of my-selve,</p> - <p>That I so long withouten sleepë lay;</p> + <p>That I so long withouten sleepë lay;</p> <p>And up I roos, three houres after twelve,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>About the [very] springing of the day,</p> <p>And on I put my gere and myn array;</p> - <p>And to a plesaunt grovë I gan passe,</p> - <p>Long or the brightë sonne uprisen was,</p> + <p>And to a plesaunt grovë I gan passe,</p> + <p>Long or the brightë sonne uprisen was,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>In which were okës grete, streight as a lyne,</p> + <p>In which were okës grete, streight as a lyne,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>Under the which the gras, so fresh of hew,</p> <p>Was newly spronge; and an eight foot or nyne</p> <p>Every tree wel fro his felawe grew,</p> <p>With braunches brode, laden with leves new,</p> - <p>That sprongen out ayein the sonnë shene,</p> + <p>That sprongen out ayein the sonnë shene,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>Som very rede, and som a glad light grene;</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Which, as me thought, was right a plesaunt sight.</p> - <p>And eek the briddes song[ës] for to here</p> + <p>And eek the briddes song[ës] for to here</p> <p>Would have rejoised any erthly wight.</p> <p>And I, that couth not yet, in no manere,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">40</div></div><p>Here the nightingale of al the yere,</p> @@ -23290,14 +23253,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I found, that gretly had not used be,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>For it forgrowen was with gras and weede,</p> <p>That wel unneth a wight [ther] might it see.</p> - <p>Thought I, this path som whider goth, pardè,</p> - <p>And so I folowèd, til it me brought</p> + <p>Thought I, this path som whider goth, pardè,</p> + <p>And so I folowèd, til it me brought</p> <p>To right a plesaunt herber, wel y-wrought,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>That benched was, and [al] with turves new</p> - <p>Freshly turved, wherof the grenë gras</p> + <p>Freshly turved, wherof the grenë gras</p> <p>So small, so thik, so short, so fresh of hew,</p> <p>That most lyk to grene †wol, wot I, it was.</p> <!-- Page 363 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page363"></a>[363]</span> @@ -23341,9 +23304,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Thought sodainly I felt so sweet an air</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">80</div></div><p>[Come] of the eglantere, that certainly,</p> <p>Ther is no hert, I deme, in such despair,</p> - <p>Ne with [no] thoughtës froward and contrair</p> + <p>Ne with [no] thoughtës froward and contrair</p> <p>So overlaid, but it shuld soone have bote,</p> - <p>If it had onës felt this savour sote.</p> + <p>If it had onës felt this savour sote.</p> <!-- Page 364 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page364"></a>[364]</span> </div> @@ -23351,17 +23314,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">85</div></div><p>And as I stood and cast asyde myn y,</p> <p>I was ware of the fairest medle-tree</p> <p>That ever yet in al my lyf I sy,</p> - <p>As full of blossomës as it might be.</p> + <p>As full of blossomës as it might be.</p> <p>Therin a goldfinch leping pretily</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>Fro bough to bough, and, as him list, he eet</p> <p>Here and there, of buddes and floures sweet.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And to the herber-sydë was joining</p> - <p>This fairë tree, of which I have you told;</p> + <p>And to the herber-sydë was joining</p> + <p>This fairë tree, of which I have you told;</p> <p>And, at the last, the brid began to sing,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Whan he had eten what he etë wold,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Whan he had eten what he etë wold,</p> <p>So passing sweetly, that, by manifold,</p> <p>It was more plesaunt than I coud devyse;</p> <p>And whan his song was ended in this wyse,</p> @@ -23369,17 +23332,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The nightingale with so mery a note</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">100</div></div><p>Answéred him, that al the wodë rong</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">100</div></div><p>Answéred him, that al the wodë rong</p> <p>So sodainly, that, as it were a sot,</p> <p>I stood astonied; so was I with the song</p> - <p>Through ravishèd, that, [un]til late and long</p> + <p>Through ravishèd, that, [un]til late and long</p> <p>Ne wist I in what place I was, ne where;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">105</div></div><p>And †ay, me thought, she song even by myn ere.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Wherfore about I waited busily</p> - <p>On every syde, if I her mightë see;</p> + <p>On every syde, if I her mightë see;</p> <p>And, at the last, I gan ful wel aspy</p> <p>Wher she sat in a fresh green laurer-tree</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>On the further syde, even right by me,</p> @@ -23393,9 +23356,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">115</div></div><p>Into Paradyse, where my desyr</p> <p>Was for to be, and no ferther [to] passe</p> <!-- Page 365 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page365"></a>[365]</span> - <p>As for that day, and on the sotë gras</p> + <p>As for that day, and on the sotë gras</p> <p>I sat me doun; for, as for myn entent,</p> - <p>The birdës song was more convenient,</p> + <p>The birdës song was more convenient,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -23409,13 +23372,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And as I sat, the briddës herkning thus,</p> + <p>And as I sat, the briddës herkning thus,</p> <p>Me thought that I herd voices sodainly,</p> <p>The most sweetest and most delicious</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">130</div></div><p>That ever any wight, I trow trewly,</p> <p>Herde in †his lyf, for [that] the armony</p> <p>And sweet accord was in so good musyk,</p> - <p>Thát the voice to angels most was lyk.</p> + <p>Thát the voice to angels most was lyk.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -23423,7 +23386,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">135</div></div><p>That was right goodly and plesaunt to sight,</p> <p>I sy where there cam singing lustily</p> <p>A world of ladies; but to tell aright</p> - <p>Their greet beautè, it lyth not in my might,</p> + <p>Their greet beautè, it lyth not in my might,</p> <p>Ne their array; nevertheless, I shal</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">140</div></div><p>Tell you a part, though I speke not of al.</p> </div> @@ -23432,31 +23395,31 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>†In surcotes whyte, of veluet wel sitting,</p> <p>They were [y-]clad; and the semes echoon,</p> <p>As it were a maner garnishing,</p> - <p>Was set with emeraudës, oon and oon,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>By and by; but many a richë stoon</p> + <p>Was set with emeraudës, oon and oon,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">145</div></div><p>By and by; but many a richë stoon</p> <p>Was set [up-]on the purfils, out of dout,</p> - <p>Of colors, sleves, and trainës round about;</p> + <p>Of colors, sleves, and trainës round about;</p> <!-- Page 366 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page366"></a>[366]</span> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>As gret[e] perlës, round and orient,</p> - <p>Diamondës fyne and rubies rede,</p> + <p>As gret[e] perlës, round and orient,</p> + <p>Diamondës fyne and rubies rede,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">150</div></div><p>And many another stoon, of which I †want</p> - <p>The namës now; and everich on her hede</p> - <p>A richë fret of gold, which, without drede,</p> - <p>Was ful of statly richë stonës set;</p> - <p>And every lady had a chapëlet</p> + <p>The namës now; and everich on her hede</p> + <p>A richë fret of gold, which, without drede,</p> + <p>Was ful of statly richë stonës set;</p> + <p>And every lady had a chapëlet</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">155</div></div><p>On her hede, of [leves] fresh and grene,</p> - <p>So wel [y-]wrought, and so mervéilously,</p> - <p>Thát it was a noble sight to sene;</p> + <p>So wel [y-]wrought, and so mervéilously,</p> + <p>Thát it was a noble sight to sene;</p> <p>Some of laurer, and some ful plesauntly</p> - <p>Had chapëlets of woodbind, and sadly</p> + <p>Had chapëlets of woodbind, and sadly</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">160</div></div><p>Some of <i>agnus-castus</i> ware also</p> - <p>Chápëlets fresh; but there were many tho</p> + <p>Chápëlets fresh; but there were many tho</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -23465,8 +23428,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But oon ther yede in-mid the company</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">165</div></div><p>Sole by her-self; but al folowed the pace</p> <p>[Which] that she kept, whos hevenly-figured face</p> - <p>So plesaunt was, and her wel-shape persòn,</p> - <p>That of beautè she past hem everichon.</p> + <p>So plesaunt was, and her wel-shape persòn,</p> + <p>That of beautè she past hem everichon.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -23483,11 +23446,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And she began a roundel lustily,</p> <p>That <i>Sus le foyl de vert moy</i> men call,</p> <p><i>Seen, et mon joly cuer endormi</i>;</p> - <p>And than the company answéred all</p> + <p>And than the company answéred all</p> <!-- Page 367 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page367"></a>[367]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>With voice[s] swete entuned and so small,</p> <p>That me thought it the sweetest melody</p> - <p>That ever I herdë in my lyf, soothly.</p> + <p>That ever I herdë in my lyf, soothly.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -23503,30 +23466,30 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">190</div></div><p>They had not daunced but a litel throw</p> <p>When that I herd, not fer of, sodainly</p> - <p>So greet a noise of thundring trumpës blow,</p> - <p>As though it shuld have départed the sky;</p> + <p>So greet a noise of thundring trumpës blow,</p> + <p>As though it shuld have départed the sky;</p> <p>And, after that, within a whyle I sy</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">195</div></div><p>From the same grove, where the ladyes come out,</p> - <p>Of men of armës coming such a rout</p> + <p>Of men of armës coming such a rout</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>As al the men on erth had been assembled</p> <p>In that place, wel horsed for the nones,</p> - <p>Stering so fast, that al the erth[ë] trembled;</p> + <p>Stering so fast, that al the erth[ë] trembled;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">200</div></div><p>But for to speke of riches and [of] stones,</p> - <p>And men and hors, I trow, the largë wones</p> + <p>And men and hors, I trow, the largë wones</p> <p>Of Prester John, ne al his tresory</p> <p>Might not unneth have bought the tenth party!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Of their array who-so list herë more,</p> + <p>Of their array who-so list herë more,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">205</div></div><p>I shal reherse, so as I can, a lyte.</p> <p>Out of the grove, that I spak of before,</p> <p>I sy come first, al in their clokes whyte,</p> <p>A company, that ware, for their delyt,</p> - <p>Chapëlets fresh of okës cereal</p> + <p>Chapëlets fresh of okës cereal</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">210</div></div><p>Newly spronge, and trumpets they were al.</p> <!-- Page 368 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page368"></a>[368]</span> </div> @@ -23534,8 +23497,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>On every trumpe hanging a brood banere</p> <p>Of fyn tartarium, were ful richly bete;</p> - <p>Every trumpet his lordës armës †bere;</p> - <p>About their nekkës, with gret perlës set,</p> + <p>Every trumpet his lordës armës †bere;</p> + <p>About their nekkës, with gret perlës set,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>Colers brode; for cost they would not lete,</p> <p>As it would seme; for their scochones echoon</p> <p>Were set about with many a precious stoon.</p> @@ -23544,17 +23507,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Their hors-harneys was al whyte also;</p> <p>And after hem next, in on company,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">220</div></div><p>Cámë kingës of armës, and no mo,</p> - <p>In clokës of whyte cloth of gold, richly;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">220</div></div><p>Cámë kingës of armës, and no mo,</p> + <p>In clokës of whyte cloth of gold, richly;</p> <p>Chapelets of greene on their hedes on hy,</p> - <p>The crownës that they on their scochones bere</p> - <p>Were set with perlë, ruby, and saphere,</p> + <p>The crownës that they on their scochones bere</p> + <p>Were set with perlë, ruby, and saphere,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">225</div></div><p>And eek gret diamondës many on;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">225</div></div><p>And eek gret diamondës many on;</p> <p>But al their hors-harneys and other gere</p> - <p>Was in a sute àccording, everichon,</p> + <p>Was in a sute à ccording, everichon,</p> <p>As ye have herd the foresayd trumpets were;</p> <p>And, by seeming, they were nothing to lere;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">230</div></div><p>And their gyding they did so manerly.</p> @@ -23562,31 +23525,31 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Of heraudës and pursevauntës eke</p> - <p>Arrayed in clothës of whyt veluët;</p> + <p>Of heraudës and pursevauntës eke</p> + <p>Arrayed in clothës of whyt veluët;</p> <p>And hardily, they were nothing to seke</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">235</div></div><p>How they [up]on hem shuld the harneys set;</p> - <p>And every man had on a chapëlet;</p> - <p>Scóchones and eke hors-harneys, indede,</p> + <p>And every man had on a chapëlet;</p> + <p>Scóchones and eke hors-harneys, indede,</p> <p>They had in sute of hem that before hem yede.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Next after hem, came in armour bright,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>Al save their hedes, seemely knightës nyne;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">240</div></div><p>Al save their hedes, seemely knightës nyne;</p> <p>And every clasp and nail, as to my sight,</p> <p>Of their harneys, were of red gold fyne;</p> <!-- Page 369 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page369"></a>[369]</span> <p>With cloth of gold, and furred with ermyne</p> - <p>Were the trappurës of their stedës strong,</p> + <p>Were the trappurës of their stedës strong,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">245</div></div><p>Wyde and large, that to the ground did hong;</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And every bosse of brydel and peitrel</p> <p>That they had, was worth, as I would wene,</p> - <p>A thousand pound; and on their hedës, wel</p> - <p>Dressed, were crownës [al] of laurer grene,</p> + <p>A thousand pound; and on their hedës, wel</p> + <p>Dressed, were crownës [al] of laurer grene,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">250</div></div><p>The best [y-]mad that ever I had seen;</p> <p>And every knight had after him ryding</p> <p>Three henshmen, [up]on him awaiting;</p> @@ -23594,7 +23557,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Of whiche †the first, upon a short tronchoun,</p> - <p>His lordës helme[t] bar, so richly dight,</p> + <p>His lordës helme[t] bar, so richly dight,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">255</div></div><p>That the worst was worth[y] the raunsoun</p> <p>Of a[ny] king; the second a sheld bright</p> <p>Bar at his nekke; the thridde bar upright</p> @@ -23605,19 +23568,19 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">260</div></div><p>A fresh chapelet upon his heres bright;</p> <p>And clokes whyte, of fyn veluet they ware;</p> - <p>Their stedës trapped and [a]rayed right</p> - <p>Without[en] difference, as their lordës were.</p> + <p>Their stedës trapped and [a]rayed right</p> + <p>Without[en] difference, as their lordës were.</p> <p>And after hem, on many a fresh co[u]rsere,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>There came of armed knightës such a rout</p> - <p>That they besprad the largë feld about.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>There came of armed knightës such a rout</p> + <p>That they besprad the largë feld about.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And al they ware[n], after their degrees,</p> - <p>Chapëlets new, made of laurer grene,</p> + <p>Chapëlets new, made of laurer grene,</p> <p>Some of oke, and some of other trees;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">270</div></div><p>Some in their handës berë boughës shene,</p> - <p>Some of laurer, and some of okës kene,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">270</div></div><p>Some in their handës berë boughës shene,</p> + <p>Some of laurer, and some of okës kene,</p> <p>Some of hawthorn, and some of woodbind,</p> <p>And many mo, which I had not in mind.</p> <!-- Page 370 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page370"></a>[370]</span> @@ -23625,9 +23588,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And so they came, their hors freshly stering</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>With bloody sownës of hir trompës loud;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>With bloody sownës of hir trompës loud;</p> <p>Ther sy I many an uncouth disgysing</p> - <p>In the array of these knightës proud;</p> + <p>In the array of these knightës proud;</p> <p>And at the last, as evenly as they coud,</p> <p>They took their places in-middes of the mede,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">280</div></div><p>And every knight turned his horse[s] hede</p> @@ -23635,18 +23598,18 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>To his felawe, and lightly laid a spere</p> - <p>In the [a]rest, and so justës began</p> + <p>In the [a]rest, and so justës began</p> <p>On every part about[en], here and there;</p> <p>Som brak his spere, som drew down hors and man;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">285</div></div><p>About the feld astray the stedës ran;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">285</div></div><p>About the feld astray the stedës ran;</p> <p>And, to behold their rule and governaunce,</p> <p>I you ensure, it was a greet plesaunce.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And so the justës last an houre and more;</p> + <p>And so the justës last an houre and more;</p> <p>But tho that crowned were in laurer grene</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>Wan the pryse; their dintës were so sore</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>Wan the pryse; their dintës were so sore</p> <p>That ther was non ayenst hem might sustene;</p> <p>And [than] the justing al was left of clene;</p> <p>And fro their hors the †nine alight anon;</p> @@ -23656,7 +23619,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">295</div></div><p>And forth they yede togider, twain and twain,</p> <p>That to behold, it was a worldly sight,</p> - <p>Toward the ladies on the grenë plain,</p> + <p>Toward the ladies on the grenë plain,</p> <p>That song and daunced, as I sayd now right.</p> <p>The ladies, as soone as they goodly might,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">300</div></div><p>They breke[n] of both the song and dance,</p> @@ -23665,9 +23628,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And every lady took, ful womanly,</p> - <p>Bý the hond a knight, and forth they yede</p> + <p>Bý the hond a knight, and forth they yede</p> <p>Unto a fair laurer that stood fast by,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>With levës lade, the boughës of gret brede;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>With levës lade, the boughës of gret brede;</p> <p>And to my dome, there never was, indede,</p> <!-- Page 371 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page371"></a>[371]</span> <p>[A] man that had seen half so fair a tree;</p> @@ -23678,7 +23641,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>An hundred persons, at their own plesaunce,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">310</div></div><p>Shadowed fro the hete of Phebus bright</p> <p>So that they shuld have felt no [greet] grevaunce</p> - <p>Of rain, ne hail, that hem hurt[ë] might.</p> + <p>Of rain, ne hail, that hem hurt[ë] might.</p> <p>The savour eek rejoice would any wight</p> <p>That had be sick or melancolious,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">315</div></div><p>It was so very good and vertuous.</p> @@ -23709,49 +23672,49 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And everich had a chapelet on her hede;</p> <p>Which did right wel upon the shyning here,</p> <p>Made of goodly floures, whyte and rede.</p> - <p>The knightës eke, that they in hond lede,</p> + <p>The knightës eke, that they in hond lede,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">335</div></div><p>In sute of hem, ware chapelets everichon;</p> <p>And hem before went minstrels many on,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>As harpës, pypës, lutës, and sautry,</p> - <p>Al in greene; and on their hedës bare</p> - <p>Of dyvers flourës, mad ful craftily,</p> + <p>As harpës, pypës, lutës, and sautry,</p> + <p>Al in greene; and on their hedës bare</p> + <p>Of dyvers flourës, mad ful craftily,</p> <!-- Page 372 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page372"></a>[372]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">340</div></div><p>Al in a sute, goodly chapelets they ware;</p> <p>And so, dauncing, into the mede they fare,</p> <p>In-mid the which they found a tuft that was</p> - <p>Al oversprad with flourës in compas.</p> + <p>Al oversprad with flourës in compas.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Where[un]to they enclyned everichon</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">345</div></div><p>With greet reverence, and that ful humblely;</p> - <p>And, at the last[ë], there began anon</p> + <p>And, at the last[ë], there began anon</p> <p>A lady for to sing right womanly</p> <p>A bargaret in praising the daisy;</p> - <p>For, as me thought, among her notës swete,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>She sayd, '<i>Si doucë est la Margarete</i>.'</p> + <p>For, as me thought, among her notës swete,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">350</div></div><p>She sayd, '<i>Si doucë est la Margarete</i>.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Thén they al answéred her infere,</p> + <p>Thén they al answéred her infere,</p> <p>So passingly wel, and so plesauntly,</p> - <p>Thát it was a blisful noise to here.</p> + <p>Thát it was a blisful noise to here.</p> <p>But I not [how], it happed sodainly,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">355</div></div><p>As, about noon, the sonne so fervently</p> <p>Wex hoot, that [al] the prety tender floures</p> - <p>Had lost the beautè of hir fresh coloures,</p> + <p>Had lost the beautè of hir fresh coloures,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>For-shronk with hete; the ladies eek to-brent,</p> <p>That they ne wist where they hem might bestow.</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>The knightës swelt, for lak of shade ny shent;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">360</div></div><p>The knightës swelt, for lak of shade ny shent;</p> <p>And after that, within a litel throw,</p> <p>The wind began so sturdily to blow,</p> - <p>That down goth al the flourës everichon</p> + <p>That down goth al the flourës everichon</p> <p>So that in al the mede there laft not on,</p> </div> @@ -23761,7 +23724,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Growing under hegges and thikke greves;</p> <p>And after that, there came a storm of hail</p> <p>And rain in-fere, so that, withouten fail,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">370</div></div><p>The ladies ne the knightës n'ade o threed</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">370</div></div><p>The ladies ne the knightës n'ade o threed</p> <p>Drye [up]on hem, so dropping was hir weed.</p> <!-- Page 373 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page373"></a>[373]</span> </div> @@ -23769,27 +23732,27 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And when the storm was clene passed away,</p> <p>Tho [clad] in whyte, that stood under the tree,</p> - <p>They felt[ë] nothing of the grete affray,</p> + <p>They felt[ë] nothing of the grete affray,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">375</div></div><p>That they in greene without had in y-be.</p> - <p>To hem they yedë for routh and pitè,</p> + <p>To hem they yedë for routh and pitè,</p> <p>Hem to comfort after their greet disese;</p> <p>So fain they were the helpless for to ese.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>Then was I ware how oon of hem in grene</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">380</div></div><p>Had on a crown[ë], rich and wel sitting;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">380</div></div><p>Had on a crown[ë], rich and wel sitting;</p> <p>Wherfore I demed wel she was a quene,</p> <p>And tho in greene on her were awaiting.</p> <p>The ladies then in whyte that were coming</p> - <p>Toward[ës] hem, and the knightës in-fere</p> + <p>Toward[ës] hem, and the knightës in-fere</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">385</div></div><p>Began to comfort hem and make hem chere.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>The quene in whyte, that was of grete beautè,</p> + <p>The quene in whyte, that was of grete beautè,</p> <p>Took by the hond the queen that was in grene,</p> - <p>And said, 'Suster, I have right greet pitè</p> + <p>And said, 'Suster, I have right greet pitè</p> <p>Of your annoy, and of the troublous tene</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">390</div></div><p>Wherein ye and your company have been</p> <p>So long, alas! and, if that it you plese</p> @@ -23809,28 +23772,28 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">400</div></div><p>In lyke wyse, ech of hem took a knight</p> <p>Clad in grene, and forth with hem they fare</p> - <p>[Un]to an heggë, where they, anon-right,</p> - <p>To make their justës, [lo!] they would not spare</p> - <p>Boughës to hew down, and eek treës square,</p> + <p>[Un]to an heggë, where they, anon-right,</p> + <p>To make their justës, [lo!] they would not spare</p> + <p>Boughës to hew down, and eek treës square,</p> <!-- Page 374 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page374"></a>[374]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">405</div></div><p>Wherewith they made hem stately fyres grete</p> - <p>To dry their clothës that were wringing wete.</p> + <p>To dry their clothës that were wringing wete.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And after that, of herbës that there grew,</p> + <p>And after that, of herbës that there grew,</p> <p>They made, for blisters of the sonne brenning,</p> <p>Very good and hoolsom ointments new,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>Where that they yede, the sick fast anointing;</p> <p>And after that, they yede about gadring</p> - <p>Plesaunt saladës, which they made hem ete,</p> + <p>Plesaunt saladës, which they made hem ete,</p> <p>For to refresh their greet unkindly hete.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>The lady of the Leef then gan to pray</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">415</div></div><p>Her of the Flour, (for so to my seeming</p> - <p>They should[ë] be, as by their [quaint] array),</p> + <p>They should[ë] be, as by their [quaint] array),</p> <p>To soupe with her; and eek, for any thing,</p> <p>That she should with her al her people bring.</p> <p>And she ayein, in right goodly manere,</p> @@ -23839,7 +23802,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Saying plainly, that she would obey</p> - <p>With al her hert al her commaundëment,</p> + <p>With al her hert al her commaundëment,</p> <p>And then anon, without lenger delay,</p> <p>The lady of the Leef hath oon y-sent</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">425</div></div><p>For a palfray, [as] after her intent,</p> @@ -23853,7 +23816,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">430</div></div><p>That they needed; and then, ful lustily,</p> <p>Even by the herber where I was sitting,</p> <p>They passed al, so plesantly singing,</p> - <p>That it would have comfórted any wight;</p> + <p>That it would have comfórted any wight;</p> <p>But then I sy a passing wonder sight:—</p> </div> @@ -23873,14 +23836,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Was fled, for hete, into the bushes cold,</p> <p>Unto the lady of the Flour gan flee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">445</div></div><p>And on her hond he set him, as he wold,</p> - <p>And plesantly his wingës gan to fold;</p> + <p>And plesantly his wingës gan to fold;</p> <p>And for to sing they pained hem both as sore</p> <p>As they had do of al the day before.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And so these ladies rood forth a gret pace,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">450</div></div><p>And al the rout of knightës eek in-fere;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">450</div></div><p>And al the rout of knightës eek in-fere;</p> <p>And I, that had seen al this wonder case,</p> <p>Thought [that] I would assay, in some manere,</p> <p>To know fully the trouth of this matere,</p> @@ -23902,7 +23865,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Madam,' quod I, 'if that I durst enquere</p> <p>Of you, I wold fain, of that company,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">465</div></div><p>Wit what they be that past by this herbere?'</p> - <p>And she ayein answéred right freendly:</p> + <p>And she ayein answéred right freendly:</p> <p>'My fair daughter, al tho that passed hereby</p> <p>In whyte clothing, be servants everichoon</p> <p>Unto the Leef, and I my-self am oon.</p> @@ -23911,8 +23874,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">470</div></div><p>See ye not her that crowned is,' quod she,</p> - <p>'Al in whyte?' 'Madamë,' quod I, 'yis!'</p> - <p>'That is Diane, goddesse of chastitè;</p> + <p>'Al in whyte?' 'Madamë,' quod I, 'yis!'</p> + <p>'That is Diane, goddesse of chastitè;</p> <p>And, for bicause that she a maiden is,</p> <p>In her hond the braunch she bereth, this</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">475</div></div><p>That <i>agnus-castus</i> men call properly;</p> @@ -23920,7 +23883,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Which ye see of that herb[ë] chaplets were,</p> + <p>Which ye see of that herb[ë] chaplets were,</p> <p>Be such as han kept †ay hir maidenhede;</p> <p>And al they that of laurer chaplets bere</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">480</div></div><p>Be such as hardy were and †wan, indede,</p> @@ -23930,11 +23893,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And tho that werë chapelets on hir hede</p> + <p>And tho that werë chapelets on hir hede</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">485</div></div><p>Of fresh woodbind, be such as never were</p> <p>To love untrew in word, [ne] thought, ne dede,</p> <p>But ay stedfast; ne for plesaunce, ne fere,</p> - <p>Though that they shuld hir hertës al to-tere,</p> + <p>Though that they shuld hir hertës al to-tere,</p> <p>Would never flit, but ever were stedfast,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">490</div></div><p>Til that their lyves there asunder brast.'</p> </div> @@ -23942,20 +23905,20 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Now, fair madam,' quod I, 'yet I would pray</p> <p>Your ladiship, if that it might be,</p> - <p>That I might know[ë], by some maner way,</p> - <p>Sith that it hath [y-]lyked your beautè,</p> + <p>That I might know[ë], by some maner way,</p> + <p>Sith that it hath [y-]lyked your beautè,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">495</div></div><p>The trouth of these ladies for to tel me;</p> - <p>What that these knightës be, in rich armour;</p> + <p>What that these knightës be, in rich armour;</p> <p>And what tho be in grene, and were the flour;</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And why that some did reverence to the tree,</p> - <p>And some unto the plot of flourës fair?'</p> + <p>And some unto the plot of flourës fair?'</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">500</div></div><p>'With right good wil, my fair doughter,' quod she,</p> <p>'Sith your desyr is good and debonair.</p> <!-- Page 377 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page377"></a>[377]</span> - <p>Tho nine, crownèd, be very exemplair</p> + <p>Tho nine, crownèd, be very exemplair</p> <p>Of all honour longing to chivalry,</p> <p>And those, certain, be called the Nine Worthy,</p> </div> @@ -23965,23 +23928,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That in hir tyme did many a noble dede,</p> <p>And, for their worthines, ful oft have bore</p> <p>The crowne of laurer-leves on their hede,</p> - <p>As ye may in your old[ë] bokes rede;</p> + <p>As ye may in your old[ë] bokes rede;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">510</div></div><p>And how that he, that was a conquerour,</p> <p>Had by laurer alway his most honour.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And tho that bere boughës in their hond</p> - <p>Of the precious laurer so notáble,</p> + <p>And tho that bere boughës in their hond</p> + <p>Of the precious laurer so notáble,</p> <p>Be such as were, I wol ye understond,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">515</div></div><p>Noble knightës of the Round[ë] Table,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">515</div></div><p>Noble knightës of the Round[ë] Table,</p> <p>And eek the Douseperes honourable;</p> <p>Which they bere in signe of victory,</p> <p>†As witness of their dedes mightily.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Eek there be knightës olde of the Garter,</p> + <p>Eek there be knightës olde of the Garter,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">520</div></div><p>That in hir tyme did right worthily;</p> <p>And the honour they did to the laurer</p> <p>Is, for by [it] they have their laud hoolly,</p> @@ -23996,13 +23959,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And it be doon so as it ought to be,</p> <p>Is more honour then any thing erthly.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">530</div></div><p>Witnesse of Rome that founder was, truly,</p> - <p>Of all knighthood and dedës marvelous;</p> + <p>Of all knighthood and dedës marvelous;</p> <p>Record I take of Titus Livius.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>And as for her that crowned is in greene,</p> - <p>It is Flora, of these flourës goddesse;</p> + <p>It is Flora, of these flourës goddesse;</p> <!-- Page 378 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page378"></a>[378]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">535</div></div><p>And al that here on her awaiting been,</p> <p>It are such [folk] that loved idlenes,</p> @@ -24017,25 +23980,25 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>They unto it do such [gret] obeisaunce,</p> <p>As ye may see.' 'Now, fair madame,' quod I,</p> <p>'If I durst ask what is the cause and why</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">545</div></div><p>That knightës have the signe of [al] honour</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">545</div></div><p>That knightës have the signe of [al] honour</p> <p>Rather by the Leef than by the Flour?'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Sothly, doughter,' quod she, 'this is the trouth:</p> - <p>For knightës ever should be persévering,</p> + <p>For knightës ever should be persévering,</p> <p>To seeke honour without feintyse or slouth,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">550</div></div><p>Fro wele to better, in al maner thing;</p> - <p>In signe of which, with Levës ay lasting</p> + <p>In signe of which, with Levës ay lasting</p> <p>They be rewarded after their degree,</p> <p>Whos lusty grene may not appeired be,</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>But ay keping hir beautè fresh and greene;</p> + <p>But ay keping hir beautè fresh and greene;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">555</div></div><p>For there nis storm [non] that may hem deface,</p> - <p>Hail nor snow, wind nor frostës kene;</p> - <p>Wherfore they have this propertè and grace.</p> + <p>Hail nor snow, wind nor frostës kene;</p> + <p>Wherfore they have this propertè and grace.</p> <p>And for the Flour within a litel space</p> <p>Wol be [y-]lost, so simple of nature</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">560</div></div><p>They be, that they no grevance may endure,</p> @@ -24053,8 +24016,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>For now I am acértainèd throughly</p> - <p>Of every thing I désired to know.'</p> + <p>For now I am acértainèd throughly</p> + <p>Of every thing I désired to know.'</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">570</div></div><p>'I am right glad that I have said, sothly,</p> <p>Ought to your pleysir, if ye wil me trow,'</p> <p>Quod she ayein, 'but to whom do ye ow</p> @@ -24067,14 +24030,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Unto the Leef I ow myn observaunce.'</p> <p>'That is,' quod she, 'right wel don, certainly,</p> <p>And I pray god to honour you avaunce,</p> - <p>And kepe you fro the wikked rémembraunce</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">580</div></div><p>Of Male-Bouche, and al his crueltè;</p> + <p>And kepe you fro the wikked rémembraunce</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">580</div></div><p>Of Male-Bouche, and al his crueltè;</p> <p>And alle that good and wel-condicioned be.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>For here may I no lenger now abyde,</p> - <p>I must folowe the gret[ë] company</p> + <p>I must folowe the gret[ë] company</p> <p>That ye may see yonder before you ryde.'</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">585</div></div><p>And forth[right], as I couth, most humblely,</p> <p>I took my leve of her as she gan hy</p> @@ -24147,7 +24110,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 162. eke. 163. all; compace. 164. one. 165. Soole; selfe; all followed. 166. <i>I supply</i> Which; whose heauenly. 167. pleasaunt; wele. 168. beauty; <span class="nw">-one.</span> 169. beseene. 171. head; pleasaunt. - 172. goldë (?). 173. eke bearing. 175. <i>I supply</i> al. 176. roundell + 172. goldë (?). 173. eke bearing. 175. <i>I supply</i> al. 176. roundell lustely. 177. Suse; foyle. 178. Seen (<i>sic</i>); en dormy, <i>before which we should perhaps supply</i> est.</p> @@ -24289,13 +24252,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And some alone, after her fantasyes.</p> <p>Thus occupyed we were in dyvers wyse;</p> <p>And yet, in trouthe, we were not al alone;</p> - <p>Ther were knightës and squyers many one.</p> + <p>Ther were knightës and squyers many one.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p>'Wherof I served?' oon of hem asked me;</p> <p>I sayde ayein, as it fel in my thought,</p> - <p>'To walke about the mase, in certayntè,</p> + <p>'To walke about the mase, in certayntè,</p> <p>As a woman that [of] nothing rought.'</p> <p>He asked me ayein—'whom that I sought,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>And of my colour why I was so pale?'</p> @@ -24344,7 +24307,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>That, as me thought, ther might no crëature</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>That, as me thought, ther might no crëature</p> <p>Devyse a better, by dew proporcioun;</p> <p>Safe it was closed wel, I you ensure,</p> <!-- Page 382 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page382"></a>[382]</span> @@ -24367,16 +24330,16 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The flore beneth was paved faire and smothe</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>With stones square, of many dyvers hew,</p> - <p>So wel joynëd that, for to say the sothe,</p> + <p>So wel joynëd that, for to say the sothe,</p> <p>Al semed oon (who that non other knew);</p> - <p>And underneth, the stremës new and new,</p> + <p>And underneth, the stremës new and new,</p> <p>As silver bright, springing in suche a wyse</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">70</div></div><p>That, whence it cam, ye coude it not devyse.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>A litel whyle thus was I al alone,</p> - <p>Beholding wel this délectable place;</p> + <p>Beholding wel this délectable place;</p> <p>My felawship were coming everichone,</p> <p>So must me nedes abyde, as for a space.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>Rememb[e]ring of many dyvers cace</p> @@ -24402,7 +24365,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><i>Bien et loyalment</i>, as I coud devyse.</p> <p>Than prayde I her, in every maner wyse</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">90</div></div><p>That of her name I might have remembraunce;</p> - <p>She sayd, she called was Perséveraunce.</p> + <p>She sayd, she called was Perséveraunce.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24412,11 +24375,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>"My dwelling is, and hath ben many a day</p> <p>With a lady."—"What lady, I you pray?"</p> <p>"Of greet estate, thus warne I you," quod she;</p> - <p>"What cal ye her?"—"Her name is Loyaltè."</p> + <p>"What cal ye her?"—"Her name is Loyaltè."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>"In what offyce stand ye, or in what degrè?"</p> + <p>"In what offyce stand ye, or in what degrè?"</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">100</div></div><p>Quod I to her, "that wolde I wit right fayn."</p> <p>"I am," quod she, "unworthy though I be,</p> <p>Of her chambre her ussher, in certayn;</p> @@ -24426,11 +24389,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>She charged me, by her commaundëment,</p> + <p>She charged me, by her commaundëment,</p> <p>To warn you and your felawes everichon,</p> <p>That ye shuld come there as she is present,</p> <p>For a counsayl, which shal be now anon,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>Or seven dayës be comen and gon.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">110</div></div><p>Or seven dayës be comen and gon.</p> <p>And furthermore, she bad that I shuld say</p> <p>Excuse there might be non, nor [no] delay.</p> </div> @@ -24443,7 +24406,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Al your felawes and ye must come in blew,</p> <p>Every liche able your maters for to sew;</p> <p>With more, which I pray you thinke upon,</p> - <p>Your wordës on your slevës everichon.</p> + <p>Your wordës on your slevës everichon.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24535,7 +24498,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Of her were good to have som acquaintaunce.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">180</div></div><p>She can tel how ye shal you best avaunce,</p> <p>And how to come to her ladyes presence;</p> - <p>To her wordës I rede you yeve credence.</p> + <p>To her wordës I rede you yeve credence.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24545,7 +24508,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And I thank you of your gret gentilnesse.</p> <p>Your comfort hath yeven me suche hardinesse</p> <p>That now I shal be bold, withouten fayl,</p> - <p>To do after your ávyse and counsayl."</p> + <p>To do after your ávyse and counsayl."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24559,13 +24522,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>"I am," quod she, "a simple crëature</p> + <p>"I am," quod she, "a simple crëature</p> <p>Sent from the court; my name is Diligence.</p> <p>As sone as I might come, I you ensure,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">200</div></div><p>I taried not, after I had licence;</p> <p>And now that I am come to your presence,</p> <p>Look, what servyce that I can do or may,</p> - <p>Commaundë me; I can no further say."</p> + <p>Commaundë me; I can no further say."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24584,7 +24547,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>It were ful good," quod she, "as I coud gesse."</p> <p>"How fer," quod I, "have we unto that place?"</p> <p>"A dayes journey," quod she, "but litel lesse;</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>Wherfore I redë that we onward dresse;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>Wherfore I redë that we onward dresse;</p> <p>For, I suppose, our felawship is past,</p> <p>And for nothing I wold that we were last."</p> </div> @@ -24614,7 +24577,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>A gentilwoman of myn aquaintaunce.</p> <p>"I have mervayl," quod I, "what maner way</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">235</div></div><p>Ye had knowlege of al this ordenaunce."</p> - <p>"Yis, yis," quod she, "I herd Perséveraunce,</p> + <p>"Yis, yis," quod she, "I herd Perséveraunce,</p> <!-- Page 388 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page388"></a>[388]</span> <p>How she warned your felawes everichon,</p> <p>And what aray that ye shulde have upon."</p> @@ -24653,7 +24616,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">260</div></div><p>Than went we forth, and met at aventure</p> <p>A yong woman, an officer seming:</p> - <p>"What is your name," quod I, "good crëature?"</p> + <p>"What is your name," quod I, "good crëature?"</p> <p>"Discrecioun," quod she, "without lesing."</p> <p>"And where," quod I, "is your most abyding?"</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">265</div></div><p>"I have," quod she, "this office of purchace,</p> @@ -24672,7 +24635,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Thus with talës we cam streight to the yate;</p> + <p>Thus with talës we cam streight to the yate;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">275</div></div><p>This yong woman departed was and gon;</p> <p>Cam Diligence, and knokked fast therat;</p> <p>"Who is without?" quod Countenaunce anon.</p> @@ -24683,17 +24646,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Than opened she the yate, and in we go;</p> - <p>With wordës fair she sayd ful gentilly,</p> + <p>With wordës fair she sayd ful gentilly,</p> <p>"Ye are welcome, ywis! are ye no mo?"</p> <p>"Nat oon," quod she, "save this woman and I."</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">285</div></div><p>"Now than," quod she, "I pray yow hertely,</p> <p>Tak my chambre, as for a whyl, to rest</p> - <p>Til your felawës come, I holde it best."</p> + <p>Til your felawës come, I holde it best."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>I thanked her, and forth we gon echon</p> - <p>Til her chambre, without[en] wordës mo.</p> + <p>Til her chambre, without[en] wordës mo.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">290</div></div><p>Cam Diligence, and took her leve anon;</p> <p>"Wher-ever you list," quod I, "now may ye go;</p> <p>And I thank you right hertely also</p> @@ -24702,7 +24665,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">295</div></div><p>Than Countenauncë asked me anon,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">295</div></div><p>Than Countenauncë asked me anon,</p> <p>"Your felawship, where ben they now?" quod she.</p> <p>"For sothe," quod I, "they be coming echon;</p> <!-- Page 390 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page390"></a>[390]</span> @@ -24718,7 +24681,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Her gown was blew, this wot I verely,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">305</div></div><p>Of good fasoun, and furred wel with gray;</p> <p>Upon her sleve her word (this is no nay),</p> - <p>Which sayd thus, as my pennë can endyte,</p> + <p>Which sayd thus, as my pennë can endyte,</p> <p><i>A moi que je voy</i>, writen with lettres whyte.</p> </div> @@ -24728,14 +24691,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>"Forsothe," quod I, "ye shal wel knowe and see,</p> <p>And for my word, I have non; this is trew.</p> <p>It is ynough that my clothing be blew,</p> - <p>As here-before I had commaundëment;</p> + <p>As here-before I had commaundëment;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">315</div></div><p>And so to do I am right wel content.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>But tel me this, I pray you hertely,</p> <p>The steward here, say me, what is her name?"</p> - <p>"She hight Largesse, I say you suërly;</p> + <p>"She hight Largesse, I say you suërly;</p> <p>A fair lady, and of right noble fame.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">320</div></div><p>Whan ye her see, ye wil report the same.</p> <p>And under her, to bid you welcome al,</p> @@ -24770,7 +24733,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">340</div></div><p>Your mater hool tel her, without fayning;</p> <p>Ye shal her finde ful good and ful loving."</p> <p>"Tel me her name," quod I, "of gentilnesse."</p> - <p>"By my good sooth," quod she, "Avysënesse."</p> + <p>"By my good sooth," quod she, "Avysënesse."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24818,7 +24781,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I counsail you to take a litel rest</p> <p>In my chambre, if it be your plesaunce.</p> <p>Whan ye be there, me thinketh for the best</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">375</div></div><p>That I go in, and cal Perséveraunce,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">375</div></div><p>That I go in, and cal Perséveraunce,</p> <p>Because she is oon of your aquaintaunce;</p> <p>And she also wil tel you every thing</p> <p>How ye shal be ruled of your coming."</p> @@ -24835,7 +24798,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>The porter cam, and brought Perséveraunce;</p> + <p>The porter cam, and brought Perséveraunce;</p> <p>She welcomed us in ful curteys manere:</p> <p>"Think ye nat long," quod she, "your attendaunce;</p> <!-- Page 393 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page393"></a>[393]</span> @@ -24847,7 +24810,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And whan [that] she departed was and gon,</p> - <p>We saw folkës coming without the wal,</p> + <p>We saw folkës coming without the wal,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">395</div></div><p>So greet people, that nombre coud we non;</p> <p>Ladyes they were and gentilwomen al,</p> <p>Clothed in blew, echon her word withal;</p> @@ -24856,7 +24819,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">400</div></div><p>With that anon cam in Perséveraunce,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">400</div></div><p>With that anon cam in Perséveraunce,</p> <p>And where I stood, she cam streight [un]to me.</p> <p>"Ye been," quod she, "of myne olde acquaintaunce;</p> <p>You to enquere, the bolder wolde I be;</p> @@ -24869,7 +24832,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>"We been," quod I, "fyve ladies al in-fere,</p> <p>And gentilwomen foure in company;</p> <p>Whan they begin to open hir matere,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>Than shal ye knowe hir wordës by and by;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">410</div></div><p>Than shal ye knowe hir wordës by and by;</p> <p>But as for me, I have non verely,</p> <p>And so I told Countenaunce here-before;</p> <p>Al myne aray is blew; what nedeth more?"</p> @@ -24897,7 +24860,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Than went we forth, after Perséveraunce,</p> + <p>Than went we forth, after Perséveraunce,</p> <p>To see the prees; it was a wonder cace;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">430</div></div><p>There for to passe it was greet comb[e]raunce,</p> <p>The people stood so thikke in every place.</p> @@ -24939,7 +24902,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Wherein was graven of stories many oon;</p> - <p>First how Phyllis, of womanly pitè,</p> + <p>First how Phyllis, of womanly pitè,</p> <p>Deyd pitously, for love of Demophoon.</p> <p>Nexte after was the story of Tisbee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">460</div></div><p>How she slew her-self under a tree.</p> @@ -24958,13 +24921,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">470</div></div><p>And, bicause the wallës shone so bright,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">470</div></div><p>And, bicause the wallës shone so bright,</p> <p>With fyne umple they were al over-sprad,</p> <p>To that intent, folk shuld nat hurte hir sight;</p> <p>And thorugh it the stories might be rad.</p> <p>Than furthermore I went, as I was lad;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">475</div></div><p>And there I saw, without[en] any fayl,</p> - <p>A chayrë set, with ful riche aparayl.</p> + <p>A chayrë set, with ful riche aparayl.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -24982,9 +24945,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For, wite ye wel, I was right nere that,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">485</div></div><p>So as I durst, beholding by and by;</p> <p>Above ther was a riche cloth of estate,</p> - <p>Wrought with the nedle ful straungëly,</p> + <p>Wrought with the nedle ful straungëly,</p> <p>Her word thereon; and thus it said trewly,</p> - <p><i>A endurer</i>, to tel you in wordës few,</p> + <p><i>A endurer</i>, to tel you in wordës few,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">490</div></div><p>With grete letters, the better I hem knew.</p> </div> @@ -24992,14 +24955,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Thus as we stode, a dore opened anon;</p> <p>A gentilwoman, semely of stature,</p> <p>Beringe a mace, cam out, her-selfe aloon;</p> - <p>Sothly, me thought, a goodly crëature!</p> + <p>Sothly, me thought, a goodly crëature!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">495</div></div><p>She spak nothing to lowde, I you ensure,</p> <p>Nor hastily, but with goodly warning:</p> <p>"Mak room," quod she, "my lady is coming!"</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>With that anon I saw Perséveraunce,</p> + <p>With that anon I saw Perséveraunce,</p> <p>How she held up the tapet in her hand.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">500</div></div><p>I saw also, in right good ordinaunce,</p> <p>This greet lady within the tapet stand,</p> @@ -25009,7 +24972,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">505</div></div><p>Of their namës I wold nothing enquere</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">505</div></div><p>Of their namës I wold nothing enquere</p> <p>Further than suche as we wold sewe unto,</p> <p>Sauf oo lady, which was the chauncellere,</p> <p>Attemperaunce; sothly her name was so.</p> @@ -25019,14 +24982,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Of this lady her beautè to discryve,</p> + <p>Of this lady her beautè to discryve,</p> <p>My conning is to simple, verely;</p> - <p>For never yet, the dayës of my lyve,</p> + <p>For never yet, the dayës of my lyve,</p> <!-- Page 397 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page397"></a>[397]</span> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">515</div></div><p>So inly fair I have non seen, trewly.</p> <p>In her estate, assured utterly,</p> <p>There wanted naught, I dare you wel assure,</p> - <p>That longed to a goodly crëature.</p> + <p>That longed to a goodly crëature.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25034,7 +24997,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">520</div></div><p>I shal you tel the maner of her gown;</p> <p>Of clothe of gold ful riche, it is no nay;</p> <p>The colour blew, of a right good fasoun;</p> - <p>In tabard-wyse the slevës hanging doun;</p> + <p>In tabard-wyse the slevës hanging doun;</p> <p>And what purfyl there was, and in what wyse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">525</div></div><p>So as I can, I shal it you devyse.</p> </div> @@ -25042,10 +25005,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>After a sort the coller and the vent,</p> <p>Lyk as ermyne is mad in purfeling;</p> - <p>With grete perlës, ful fyne and orient,</p> - <p>They were couchèd, al after oon worching,</p> + <p>With grete perlës, ful fyne and orient,</p> + <p>They were couchèd, al after oon worching,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">530</div></div><p>With dyamonds in stede of powdering;</p> - <p>The slevës and purfilles of assyse;</p> + <p>The slevës and purfilles of assyse;</p> <p>They were [y-]mad [ful] lyke, in every wyse.</p> </div> @@ -25077,14 +25040,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">550</div></div><p>Of her entent knowing nothing at al,</p> <p>"Voyd bak the prees," quod she, "up to the wal;</p> <p>Mak larger roum, but look ye do not tary,</p> - <p>And tak these billës to the secretary."</p> + <p>And tak these billës to the secretary."</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>The chamberlayn did her commaundëment,</p> + <p>The chamberlayn did her commaundëment,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">555</div></div><p>And cam agayn, as she was bid to do;</p> <p>The secretary there being present,</p> - <p>The billës were delivered her also,</p> + <p>The billës were delivered her also,</p> <p>Not only ours, but many other mo.</p> <p>Than the lady, with good advyce, agayn</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">560</div></div><p>Anon withal called her chamberlayn.</p> @@ -25093,9 +25056,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>"We wol," quod she, "the first thing that ye do,</p> <p>The secretary, make her come anon</p> - <p>With her billës; and thus we wil also,</p> + <p>With her billës; and thus we wil also,</p> <p>In our presence she rede hem everichon,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">565</div></div><p>That we may takë good advyce theron</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">565</div></div><p>That we may takë good advyce theron</p> <p>Of the ladyes, that been of our counsayl;</p> <p>Look this be don, withouten any fayl."</p> </div> @@ -25103,7 +25066,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>The chamberlayn, whan she wiste her entent,</p> <p>Anon she did the secretary cal:</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">570</div></div><p>"Let your billës," quod she, "be here present,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">570</div></div><p>"Let your billës," quod she, "be here present,</p> <p>My lady it wil." "Madame," quod she, "I shal."</p> <p>"And in presence she wil ye rede hem al."</p> <p>"With good wil; I am redy," quod she,</p> @@ -25113,12 +25076,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">575</div></div><p>And upon that was mad an ordinaunce,</p> - <p>They that cam first, hir billës shuld be red.</p> - <p>Ful gentelly than sayd Perséveraunce,</p> + <p>They that cam first, hir billës shuld be red.</p> + <p>Ful gentelly than sayd Perséveraunce,</p> <p>"Resoun it wold that they were sonest sped."</p> <p>Anon withal, upon a tapet spred,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">580</div></div><p>The secretary layde hem doun echon;</p> - <p>Our billës first she redde hem on by on.</p> + <p>Our billës first she redde hem on by on.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25132,13 +25095,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Her next felawës word was in this wyse,</p> + <p>Her next felawës word was in this wyse,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">590</div></div><p><i>Une sans chaungier</i>; and thus she did complayn,</p> <p>Though she had been guerdoned for her servyce,</p> <p>Yet nothing lyke as she that took the payn;</p> <p>Wherfore she coude in no wyse her restrayn,</p> <p>But in this cas sewe until her presence,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">595</div></div><p>As reson woldë, to have recompence.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">595</div></div><p>As reson woldë, to have recompence.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25185,7 +25148,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And in lyk wyse as they had don before,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">625</div></div><p>The gentilwomen of our company</p> - <p>Put up hir billës; and, for to tel you more,</p> + <p>Put up hir billës; and, for to tel you more,</p> <p>Oon of hem wroot <i>cest sanz dire</i>, verily;</p> <p>And her matere hool to specify,</p> <p>With-in her bil she put it in wryting;</p> @@ -25204,7 +25167,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Desyringe her, and lowly béseching,</p> + <p>Desyringe her, and lowly béseching,</p> <p>That she for her wold seke a better way,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">640</div></div><p>As she that had ben, al her dayes living,</p> <p>Stedfast and trew, and so wil be alway.</p> @@ -25216,11 +25179,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">645</div></div><p><i>En dieu est</i>, she wroot in her devyse;</p> <p>And thus she sayd, withouten any fayl,</p> - <p>Her trouthë might be taken in no wyse</p> + <p>Her trouthë might be taken in no wyse</p> <p>Lyke as she thought, wherfore she had mervayl;</p> <p>For trouth somtyme was wont to take avayl</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">650</div></div><p>In every matere; but al that is ago;</p> - <p>The more pitè, that it is suffred so.</p> + <p>The more pitè, that it is suffred so.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25247,11 +25210,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p><i>Soyes en sure</i>, this was her word, certayn,</p> <p>And thus she wroot, but in a litel space;</p> - <p>There she lovëd, her labour was in vayn,</p> + <p>There she lovëd, her labour was in vayn,</p> <p>For he was set al in another place;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">670</div></div><p>Ful humblely desyring, in that cace,</p> <p>Som good comfort, her sorow to appese,</p> - <p>That she might livë more at hertes ese.</p> + <p>That she might livë more at hertes ese.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25265,11 +25228,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">680</div></div><p>"Ye have rehersed me these billës al,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">680</div></div><p>"Ye have rehersed me these billës al,</p> <p>But now, let see somwhat of your entent."</p> <p>"It may so hap, paraventure, ye shal.</p> <p>Now I pray you, whyle I am here present,</p> - <p>Ye shal, pardè, have knowlege, what I ment.</p> + <p>Ye shal, pardè, have knowlege, what I ment.</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">685</div></div><p>But thus I say in trouthe, and make no fable,</p> <p>The case itself is inly lamentable.</p> </div> @@ -25287,7 +25250,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>"Nothing so leef as deth to come to me</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">695</div></div><p>For fynal ende of my sorowes and payn;</p> - <p>What shulde I more desyre, as semë ye?</p> + <p>What shulde I more desyre, as semë ye?</p> <!-- Page 403 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page403"></a>[403]</span> <p>And ye knewe al aforn it for certayn,</p> <p>I wot ye wolde; and, for to tel you playn,</p> @@ -25306,11 +25269,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Whan these billës were rad everichon,</p> + <p>Whan these billës were rad everichon,</p> <p>This lady took a good advysement;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">710</div></div><p>And hem to answere, ech by on and on,</p> <p>She thought it was to moche in her entent;</p> - <p>Wherfore she yaf hem in commaundëment,</p> + <p>Wherfore she yaf hem in commaundëment,</p> <p>In her presence to come, bothe oon and al,</p> <p>To yeve hem there her answer general.</p> </div> @@ -25318,7 +25281,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">715</div></div><p>What did she than, suppose ye verely?</p> <p>She spak herself, and sayd in this manere,</p> - <p>"We have wel seen your billës by and by,</p> + <p>"We have wel seen your billës by and by,</p> <p>And some of hem ful pitous for to here.</p> <p>We wol therfore ye knowe al this in-fere,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">720</div></div><p>Within short tyme our court of parliment</p> @@ -25358,7 +25321,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Now verily, your dreem is passing good,</p> - <p>And worthy to be had in rémembraunce;</p> + <p>And worthy to be had in rémembraunce;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">745</div></div><p>For, though I stande here as longe as I stood,</p> <p>It shuld to me be non encomb[e]raunce;</p> <p>I took therin so inly greet plesaunce.</p> @@ -25368,9 +25331,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">750</div></div><p>As for this book, to say you very right,</p> - <p>And of the name to tel the certeyntè,</p> - <p><span class="sc">L'assemblè de Dames</span>, thus it hight;</p> - <p>How think ye?' 'That the name is good, pardè!'</p> + <p>And of the name to tel the certeyntè,</p> + <p><span class="sc">L'assemblè de Dames</span>, thus it hight;</p> + <p>How think ye?' 'That the name is good, pardè!'</p> <p>'Now go, farwel! for they cal after me,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">755</div></div><p>My felawes al, and I must after sone;</p> <p>Rede wel my dreem; for now my tale is doon.'</p> @@ -25689,7 +25652,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="center" style="width:28em"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hgps">¶ Moder of norture, best beloved of al,</p> + <p class="hgps">¶ Moder of norture, best beloved of al,</p> <p>And fresshest flour, to whom good thrift god sende.</p> <p>Your child, if it list you me so to cal,</p> <p>Al be I unable my-self so to pretende,</p> @@ -25700,7 +25663,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Most desyre I, and have, and ever shal</p> - <p>Thing, whiche might your hertës ese amende;</p> + <p>Thing, whiche might your hertës ese amende;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">10</div></div><p>Have me excused, my power is but smal;</p> <p>Natheles, of right ye ought[e] to commende</p> <p>My good[e] will, which fayn wolde entende</p> @@ -25712,7 +25675,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">15</div></div><p><i>Meulx un</i>: in herte, which never shal apal,</p> <p>Ay fresshe and newe, and right glad to dispende</p> <p>My tyme in your servyce, what-so befal,</p> - <p>Beseching your excéllence to defende</p> + <p>Beseching your excéllence to defende</p> <p>My simplenesse, if ignoraunce offende</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">20</div></div><p>In any wyse; sith that myn affiaunce</p> <p>Is hoolly to be under your governaunce.</p> @@ -25720,7 +25683,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hgps">¶ Daisy of light! very ground of comfort!</p> + <p class="hgps">¶ Daisy of light! very ground of comfort!</p> <p>The sonnes doughter ye hight, as I rede;</p> <p>For when he westreth, farwel your disport!</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">25</div></div><p>By your nature anon, right for pure drede</p> @@ -25732,10 +25695,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Dawing the day to his kinde resort,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">30</div></div><p>Phebus your fader, with his stremes rede,</p> - <p>Adorneth the morow, cónsuming the sort</p> - <p>Of misty cloudës, that wolde overlede</p> - <p>Trewe humble hertës with hir mistihede,</p> - <p>Nere comfort a-dayes, whan eyën clere</p> + <p>Adorneth the morow, cónsuming the sort</p> + <p>Of misty cloudës, that wolde overlede</p> + <p>Trewe humble hertës with hir mistihede,</p> + <p>Nere comfort a-dayes, whan eyën clere</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">35</div></div><p>Disclose and sprede my lyves lady dere.</p> </div> @@ -25744,23 +25707,23 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hgps">¶ <i>Je vouldray</i>:—but [the] gret[e] god disposeth</p> + <p class="hgps">¶ <i>Je vouldray</i>:—but [the] gret[e] god disposeth</p> <p>And maketh casuel by his providence</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>Such thing as mannës frelë wit purposeth;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">45</div></div><p>Such thing as mannës frelë wit purposeth;</p> <p>Al for the best, if that our conscience</p> <p>Nat grucche it, but in humble pacience</p> <p>It receyve; for god saith, without[e] fable,</p> - <p>A faithful hertë ever is acceptáble.</p> + <p>A faithful hertë ever is acceptáble.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">50</div></div><p>Cautels who useth gladly, gloseth;</p> <p>To eschewe suche it is right high prudence;</p> - <p>What ye said[e] onës, [now] myn herte opposeth,</p> - <p>"That my wryting japës, in your absence,</p> + <p>What ye said[e] onës, [now] myn herte opposeth,</p> + <p>"That my wryting japës, in your absence,</p> <p>Plesed you moche bet than my presence!"</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>Yet can I more, ye be nat excusáble;</p> - <p>A faithful hertë ever is acceptáble.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">55</div></div><p>Yet can I more, ye be nat excusáble;</p> + <p>A faithful hertë ever is acceptáble.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25771,7 +25734,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 407 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page407"></a>[407]</span> <p>That mis is, is caused of negligence</p> <p>And not of malice; therfor beth merciable;</p> - <p>A faithful hertë ever is acceptáble.</p> + <p>A faithful hertë ever is acceptáble.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -25779,7 +25742,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hgps">¶ Forth, complaynt! forth, lakking eloquence,</p> + <p class="hgps">¶ Forth, complaynt! forth, lakking eloquence,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">65</div></div><p>Forth, litel lettre, of endyting lame!</p> <p>I have besought my ladies sapience</p> <p>Of thy behalfe, to accept in game</p> @@ -25835,9 +25798,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Go forth, king, rule thee by sapience;</p> <p>Bishop, be able to minister doctryne;</p> <p>Lord, to trew consayl yeve audience;</p> - <p>Womanheed, to chastitè ever enclyne;</p> + <p>Womanheed, to chastitè ever enclyne;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">5</div></div><p>Knight, let thy dedes worship determyne;</p> - <p>Be rightwis, jugë, in saving thy name;</p> + <p>Be rightwis, jugë, in saving thy name;</p> <p>Rich, do almesse, lest thou lese blis with shame.</p> </div> @@ -25974,13 +25937,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>So than apace I jorned forth among,</p> <p>And as he seid, so fond I there truly.</p> <p>For I beheld the towres high and strong,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>And high pinácles, large of hight and long,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">75</div></div><p>And high pinácles, large of hight and long,</p> <p>With plate of gold bespred on every side,</p> <p>And presious stones, the stone-werk for to hide.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>No saphir ind, no rubè riche of price,</p> + <p>No saphir ind, no rubè riche of price,</p> <p>There lakked than, nor emeraud so grene,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">80</div></div><p>Baleis Turkeis, ne thing to my devise,</p> <p>That may the castell maken for to shene:</p> @@ -26004,7 +25967,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>But he hath ben right soget unto Love:</p> <p>Jove, Pluto, or what-so-ever he is,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">95</div></div><p>Ne creature in erth, or yet above;</p> - <p>Of thise the révers may no wight approve.</p> + <p>Of thise the révers may no wight approve.</p> <p>But furthermore, the castell to descry,</p> <p>Yet saw I never non so large and high.</p> </div> @@ -26097,7 +26060,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>I spied a frend of myne, and that full soon,</p> <p>A gentilwoman, was the chamberer</p> <p>Unto the quene, that hote, as ye shall here,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">160</div></div><p>Philobone, that lovëd all her life:</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">160</div></div><p>Philobone, that lovëd all her life:</p> <p>Whan she me sey, she led me furth as blyfe;</p> </div> @@ -26138,7 +26101,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">185</div></div><p>The gretter is your trespace and offence,</p> <p>And in your nek ye moot bere all the charge:</p> <p>For better were ye ben withouten barge,</p> - <p>Amiddë see, in tempest and in rain,</p> + <p>Amiddë see, in tempest and in rain,</p> <p>Than byden here, receiving woo and pain,</p> </div> @@ -26174,9 +26137,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>And though that fervent loves qualitè</p> + <p>And though that fervent loves qualitè</p> <p>In me did never worch truly, yit I</p> - <p>With all obeisaunce and humilitè,</p> + <p>With all obeisaunce and humilitè,</p> <p>And benign hert, shall serve him til I dye:</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">215</div></div><p>And he that Lord of †might is, grete and highe,</p> <p>Right as him list me chastice and correct,</p> @@ -26187,7 +26150,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Thise wordes seid, she caught me by the lap,</p> <p>And led me furth intill a temple round,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">220</div></div><p>Large and wyde: and, as my blessed hap</p> - <p>And good avénture was, right sone I found</p> + <p>And good avénture was, right sone I found</p> <p>A tabernacle reised from the ground,</p> <p>Where Venus sat, and Cupid by her syde;</p> <p>Yet half for drede I gan my visage hyde.</p> @@ -26352,8 +26315,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Nor of a sight to be over squeymous;</p> <p>And so, verily, this statut was to kepe,</p> <p>To turne and walowe in my bed and wepe,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">335</div></div><p>When that my lady, of her crueltè,</p> - <p>Wold from her herte exylen all pitè.</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">335</div></div><p>When that my lady, of her crueltè,</p> + <p>Wold from her herte exylen all pitè.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -26534,7 +26497,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And lust is leid, and all the fire is queint,</p> <p>As freshly than thou shalt begin to fon,</p> <p>And dote in love, and all her image paint</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">460</div></div><p>In rémembraunce, til thou begin to faint,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">460</div></div><p>In rémembraunce, til thou begin to faint,</p> <p>†As in the first seson thyn hert began:</p> <p>And her desire, though thou ne may ne can</p> </div> @@ -26653,7 +26616,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">540</div></div><p>For it paravénture may right so befall,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">540</div></div><p>For it paravénture may right so befall,</p> <p>That they be bound by nature to disceive,</p> <p>And spinne, and wepe, and sugre strewe on gall,</p> <p>The hert of man to ravissh and to reyve,</p> @@ -26786,7 +26749,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>'Fairest of all that ever were or be!</p> - <p>†Lucerne and light to pensif crëature!</p> + <p>†Lucerne and light to pensif crëature!</p> <p>Myn hole affiaunce, and my lady free,</p> <p>My goddes bright, my fortune and my ure,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">635</div></div><p>I yeve and yeld my hart to thee full sure,</p> @@ -26799,7 +26762,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Without offence of mutabilitee,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">640</div></div><p>Humbly to serve, whyl I have wit and mind,</p> <p>Myn hole affiaunce, and my lady free!</p> - <p>In thilkë place, there ye me sign to be:</p> + <p>In thilkë place, there ye me sign to be:</p> <p>And, sith this thing of newe is yeve me, ay</p> <p>To love and serve, needly must I obey.</p> </div> @@ -26887,7 +26850,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>Is shryned there, and Pitè is her name.</p> + <p>Is shryned there, and Pitè is her name.</p> <p>She saw an egle wreke him on a fly,</p> <p>And pluk his wing, and eke him, in his game,</p> <p>And tender herte of that hath made her dy:</p> @@ -26901,17 +26864,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Ne of his wo the torment or the rage</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">710</div></div><p>†Aslaken, for he was sure, withouten faile,</p> <p>That of his grief she coud the hete aswage.</p> - <p>In sted of Pitè, spedeth hot corage</p> + <p>In sted of Pitè, spedeth hot corage</p> <p>The maters all of court, now she is dede;</p> <p>I me report in this to womanhede.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">715</div></div><p>For weile and wepe, and crye, and speke, and pray,—</p> - <p>Women wold not have pitè on thy plaint;</p> + <p>Women wold not have pitè on thy plaint;</p> <p>Ne by that mene to ese thyn hart convey,</p> <p>But thee receiven for their own talent:</p> - <p>And sey, that Pitè causith thee, in consent</p> + <p>And sey, that Pitè causith thee, in consent</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">720</div></div><p>Of rewth, to take thy service and thy pain</p> <p>In that thow mayst, to plese thy souverain.</p> </div> @@ -27002,7 +26965,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>For if I shall all fully her discryve,</p> <p>Her hede was round, by compace of nature,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">780</div></div><p>Her here as gold,—she passed all on-lyve,—</p> - <p>And lily forhede had this crëature,</p> + <p>And lily forhede had this crëature,</p> <p>With lovelich browes, flawe, of colour pure,</p> <p>Bytwene the which was mene disseveraunce</p> <p>From every brow, to shewe[n] a distaunce.</p> @@ -27070,7 +27033,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>In bowntè, favor, port, and semliness,</p> + <p>In bowntè, favor, port, and semliness,</p> <p>Plesaunt of figure, mirrour of delyt,</p> <p>Gracious to sene, and rote of gentilness,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">830</div></div><p>With angel visage, lusty rede and white:</p> @@ -27102,7 +27065,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Now am I caught, and unwar sodenly,</p> - <p>With persant stremes of your yën clere,</p> + <p>With persant stremes of your yën clere,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">850</div></div><p>Subject to ben, and serven you meekly,</p> <p>And all your man, y-wis, my lady dere,</p> <p>Abiding grace, of which I you requere,</p> @@ -27187,7 +27150,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That ye ben of? Let see, com of and say!</p> <p>Fain wold I know your disposicion:—</p> <p>Ye have put on your old entencion;</p> - <p>But what ye mene to servë me I noot,</p> + <p>But what ye mene to servë me I noot,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">910</div></div><p>Sauf that ye say ye love me wonder hoot.'</p> </div> @@ -27280,7 +27243,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">970</div></div><p>That rewthles ye me †give these woundes wyde!</p> <p>What have I don? why may it not betyde,</p> <p>That for my trouth I may received be?</p> - <p>Alas! your daunger and your crueltè!</p> + <p>Alas! your daunger and your crueltè!</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -27300,7 +27263,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That never erst I felt so harde a fit:</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">985</div></div><p>Confounded ben my spirits and my wit,</p> <p>Till that my lady take me to her cure,</p> - <p>Which I love best of erthely crëature.</p> + <p>Which I love best of erthely crëature.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -27420,7 +27383,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1065</div></div><p>To reson fast, and legge auctoritè:</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1065</div></div><p>To reson fast, and legge auctoritè:</p> <p>'Nay,' quod Delyt, 'love is a vertue clere,</p> <p>And from the soule his progress holdeth he:</p> <!-- Page 438 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page438"></a>[438]</span> @@ -27477,7 +27440,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <!-- Page 439 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page439"></a>[439]</span> <p>There thought that they ben in confusion:</p> <p>'Alas,' thay sayn, 'we fayn perfeccion,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1105</div></div><p>In clothes wide, and lak our libertè;</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1105</div></div><p>In clothes wide, and lak our libertè;</p> <p>But all the sin mote on our frendes be.</p> </div> @@ -27503,17 +27466,17 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>O Fortune cursed, why now and wherefore</p> - <p>Hast thow,' they seid, 'beraft us libertè,</p> + <p>Hast thow,' they seid, 'beraft us libertè,</p> <p>Sith nature yave us instrument in store,</p> <p>And appetyt to love and lovers be?</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1125</div></div><p>Why mot we suffer suche adversitè,</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1125</div></div><p>Why mot we suffer suche adversitè,</p> <p>Diane to serve, and Venus to refuse?</p> <p>Ful often sith this matier doth us muse.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <p>We serve and honour, sore ayenst our will,</p> - <p>Of chastitè the goddes and the quene;</p> + <p>Of chastitè the goddes and the quene;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1130</div></div><p>Us leffer were with Venus byden still,</p> <p>And have reward for love, and soget been</p> <p>Unto thise women courtly, fressh, and shene.</p> @@ -27526,7 +27489,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>In raging wo crying ful pitously;</p> <p>And as I yede, full naked and full bare</p> <p>Some I behold, looking dispitously,</p> - <p>On povertè that dedely cast their y;</p> + <p>On povertè that dedely cast their y;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1140</div></div><p>And 'Welaway!' they cried, and were not fain,</p> <p>For they ne might their glad desire attain.</p> <!-- Page 440 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page440"></a>[440]</span> @@ -27556,7 +27519,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And as I stood beholding here and there,</p> <p>I was war of a sort full languisshing,</p> <p>Savage and wild of loking and of chere,</p> - <p>Their mantels and their clothës ay tering;</p> + <p>Their mantels and their clothës ay tering;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1160</div></div><p>And oft thay were of nature complaining,</p> <p>For they their members lakked, fote and hand,</p> <p>With visage wry and blind, I understand.</p> @@ -27569,13 +27532,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Venus the bright, and leften all behind</p> <p>His other werkes clene and out of mind:</p> <p>'For other have their full shape and bewtee,</p> - <p>And we,' quod they, 'ben in deformitè.'</p> + <p>And we,' quod they, 'ben in deformitè.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1170</div></div><p>And nye to thaim there was a company,</p> <p>That have the susters waried and misseid;</p> - <p>I mene, the three of fatall destinè,</p> + <p>I mene, the three of fatall destinè,</p> <p>That be our †werdes; and sone, in a brayd,</p> <p>Out gan they cry as they had been affrayd,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1175</div></div><p>'We curse,' quod thay, 'that ever hath nature</p> @@ -27584,11 +27547,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>And there he was contrite, and gan repent,</p> - <p>Confessing hole the wound that Citherè</p> + <p>Confessing hole the wound that Citherè</p> <p>Hath with the dart of hot desire him sent,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1180</div></div><p>And how that he to love must subjet be:</p> <!-- Page 441 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page441"></a>[441]</span> - <p>Than held he all his skornes vanitè,</p> + <p>Than held he all his skornes vanitè,</p> <p>And seid, that lovers lede a blisful lyfe,</p> <p>Yong men and old, and widow, maid and wyfe.</p> </div> @@ -27600,7 +27563,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>That in thy service dwell: for I did rave:</p> <p>This know I well right now, so god me save,</p> <p>And I shal be the chief post of thy feith,</p> - <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1190</div></div><p>And love uphold, the révers who-so seith.'</p> + <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1190</div></div><p>And love uphold, the révers who-so seith.'</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -27625,10 +27588,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1205</div></div><p>In loves art, so gan she to abasshe,</p> - <p>Ne durst not utter all her privitè:</p> + <p>Ne durst not utter all her privitè:</p> <p>Many a stripe and many a grevous lasshe</p> <p>She gave to thaim that wolden loveres be,</p> - <p>And hindered sore the simpill comonaltè,</p> + <p>And hindered sore the simpill comonaltè,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1210</div></div><p>That in no wyse durst grace and mercy crave;</p> <p>For were not she, they need but ask and have;</p> </div> @@ -27677,7 +27640,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1240</div></div><p>Thus hath Avaunter blowen every-where</p> <p>Al that he knowith, and more, a thousand-fold;</p> - <p>His auncetrye of kin was to Lière,</p> + <p>His auncetrye of kin was to Lière,</p> <p>For firste he makith promise for to hold</p> <p>His ladies councell, and it not unfold;</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1245</div></div><p>Wherfore, the secret when he doth unshit,</p> @@ -27698,7 +27661,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>'Take hede,' quod she, this litell Philobone,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1255</div></div><p>'Where Envy rokketh in the corner yond,</p> <p>And sitteth dirk; and ye shall see anone</p> - <p>His lenë bodie, fading face and hond;</p> + <p>His lenë bodie, fading face and hond;</p> <!-- Page 443 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page443"></a>[443]</span> <p>Him-self he fretteth, as I understond;</p> <p>Witnesse of Ovid Methamorphosose;</p> @@ -27738,7 +27701,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Whom folowest thow? where is thy harte y-set?</p> <p>But my demaunde asoile, I thee require.'</p> - <p>'Me thought,' quod he, 'no crëature may let</p> + <p>'Me thought,' quod he, 'no crëature may let</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1285</div></div><p>†Me to ben here, and where-as I desire:</p> <p>For where-as absence hath don out the fire,</p> <p>My mery thought it kindleth yet again,</p> @@ -27768,7 +27731,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>I am of councell ferre and wyde, I wot,</p> - <p>With lord and lady, and their previtè</p> + <p>With lord and lady, and their previtè</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1305</div></div><p>I wot it all; but be it cold or hot,</p> <p>They shall not speke without licence of me,</p> <p>I mene, in suche as sesonable be;</p> @@ -27797,7 +27760,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1320</div></div><p>Ne never had to your desire obeyd,</p> <p>Till sodenly, me thought, me was affrayed,</p> <p>To seen you wax so dede of countenaunce;</p> - <p>And Pitè bad me don you some plasaunce.</p> + <p>And Pitè bad me don you some plasaunce.</p> </div> <div class="stanza"> @@ -27812,7 +27775,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> <div class="stanza"> - <p>'Gramercy, Pitè! might I †but suffice</p> + <p>'Gramercy, Pitè! might I †but suffice</p> <p>To yeve the lawde unto thy shryne of gold,</p> <p>God wot, I wold; for sith that †thou did rise</p> <p>From deth to lyve for me, I am behold</p> @@ -27963,7 +27926,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>And furth goth all the Court, both most and lest,</p> <p>To feche the floures fressh, and braunche and blome;</p> <p>And namly, hawthorn brought both page and grome.</p> - <p>With fressh garlandës, partie blewe and whyte,</p> + <p>With fressh garlandës, partie blewe and whyte,</p> <div class="x1"><div class="linenumr" style="width:25em;">1435</div></div><p>And thaim rejoysen in their greet delyt.</p> </div> @@ -28146,7 +28109,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>731. demeane. 732. spede; S. speke (<i>a needless alteration</i>). 733. MS. mir and ioye and blisse; S. mirrour ioye and blisse. 738. abeisen. 740. withouten. 742. is (<i>read</i> as); <i>supply</i> is; - youen (S. yeuon). 745. be; S. by. 747. think; S. thanke. 749. the (= þe, + youen (S. yeuon). 745. be; S. by. 747. think; S. thanke. 749. the (= þe, <i>error for</i> ye); S. thei (!). 751. fayne. 755. opon. 756. piteously; S. pitously. 757. faier. 758. vertuse (<i>sic</i>). 759. heire (!). 760. ote (!); S. hote. 764. godely; whoes.</p> @@ -28506,7 +28469,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> name="page452"></a>[452]</span>proses 10 and 11, where 'perfection' is represented by <i>suffisaunce</i>, as, e.g., in iii. pr. 11. l. 18.</p> - <p>50. Aristotle's Metaphysics begins with the words: <span title="pantes anthrôpoi tou eidenai oregontai phusei" class="grk" + <p>50. Aristotle's Metaphysics begins with the words: <span title="pantes anthrôpoi tou eidenai oregontai phusei" class="grk" >πάντες ἄνθρωποι τοῦ ἐιδέναι @@ -28578,7 +28541,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>101, 102. <i>his reson</i>, the reason of him. <i>hayne</i>, hatred.</p> - <p>110. <i>Boëce</i>, Boethius. No doubt the author simply consulted + <p>110. <i>Boëce</i>, Boethius. No doubt the author simply consulted Chaucer's translation. See the Introduction.</p> <p>115. <i>slye</i>, cunning; evidently alluding to the parable of the @@ -28681,7 +28644,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>126. Thynne has <i>ioleynynge</i> for <i>ioleyuynge</i>, i.e. <i>joleyving</i>, cheering, making joyous. The word is riot given in - Stratmann or in Mätzner, but Godefroy has the corresponding O.F. verb + Stratmann or in Mätzner, but Godefroy has the corresponding O.F. verb <i>joliver</i>, to caress.</p> <p><b>Chap. II.</b> 18. <i>a lady</i>; this is evidently copied from @@ -28706,7 +28669,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <i>my disciple</i>.</p> <p>60. <i>by thyn owne vyse</i>, by thine own resolve; i.e. of thine own - accord; see <i>Advice</i> in the New E. Dict. § 6. <i>Vyse</i> is put for + accord; see <i>Advice</i> in the New E. Dict. § 6. <i>Vyse</i> is put for <i>avyse</i>, the syllable <i>a</i> being dropped. Halliwell notes that <i>vice</i>, with the sense of 'advice,' is still in use.</p> @@ -28914,7 +28877,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> also <i>by that other</i>, with reference to your second question, in l. 71.</p> - <p><b>Chap. V.</b> 8. Acrisius shut his daughter Danaë up in a tower, to + <p><b>Chap. V.</b> 8. Acrisius shut his daughter Danaë up in a tower, to keep her safe; nevertheless she became the mother of Perseus, who afterwards killed Acrisius accidentally.</p> @@ -28936,7 +28899,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>37. <i>A tree</i>, &c.; a common illustration; cf. Troil. i. 964.</p> - <p>43. <i>this countrè</i>; a common saying; cf. Troil. ii. 28 (and + <p>43. <i>this countrè</i>; a common saying; cf. Troil. ii. 28 (and note), 42. And see l. 47 below.</p> <p>45. 'the salve that he healed his heel with.' From HF. 290.</p> @@ -28997,7 +28960,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> promotion of Aeneas from being in hell (l. 129). Cf. <i>Europe</i> in Troil. iii. 722.</p> - <p>128. <i>lowest degrè</i>; not true, as Caesar's father was praetor, + <p>128. <i>lowest degrè</i>; not true, as Caesar's father was praetor, and his aunt married Marius. But cf. C. T., B 3862.</p> <p><b>Chap. VI.</b> 3. <i>enfame</i>, infamy, obloquy; from Lat. @@ -29173,7 +29136,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>112. <i>helpe of unkyndnesse</i>, relieve from unkind treatment. <!-- Page 461 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page461"></a>[461]</span></p> - <p>115-6. <i>fleddest</i>, didst avoid. <i>privitè to counsayle</i>, + <p>115-6. <i>fleddest</i>, didst avoid. <i>privitè to counsayle</i>, knowledge of a secret.</p> <p>120-1. Cf. Ch. Boeth. bk. ii. pr. 8. ll. 31-3.</p> @@ -29429,7 +29392,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> signifies Holy Church, to which the treatise is accordingly dedicated. <i>tytled of Loves name</i>, entitled the Testament of Love.</p> - <p>103. <i>inseëres</i>, lookers into it, readers.</p> + <p>103. <i>inseëres</i>, lookers into it, readers.</p> <p>104. <i>Every thing</i>; with respect to everything to which appertains a cause which is wrought with a view to its accomplishment, @@ -29486,7 +29449,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> cloth, garment, robe. <i>mouled</i>, become mouldy; the very form from which the mod. E. <i>mould-y</i> has been evolved; see <i>muwlen</i> in Stratmann, and <i>mouldy</i> in my Etym. Dict. (Supplement). - <i>whicche</i>, chest, from A.S. <i>hwæcca</i>; see P. Plowm. A. iv. 102, + <i>whicche</i>, chest, from A.S. <i>hwæcca</i>; see P. Plowm. A. iv. 102, where some copies have <i>huche</i>, a hutch, a word of French origin. Thus <i>pannes mouled in a whicche</i> signifies garments that have become mouldy in a chest. See note to C. T., C 734.</p> @@ -29648,7 +29611,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>45, 46. <i>what thing to women it is</i>, what a thing it is for women. Ll. 45-58 are borrowed, sometimes word for word, from Ch. HF. 269-85. See note to l. 70 below, and the Introduction, <a - href="#sect11">§ 11</a>.</p> + href="#sect11">§ 11</a>.</p> <p>47. 'All that glisters is not gold'; see Ch. C. T., G 962, and the note. But it is here copied from Ch. HF. 272.</p> @@ -29693,7 +29656,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>20-1. <i>by wayes of riches</i>; cf. <i>richesses</i> in Ch. Boeth. bk. iii. pr. 2. 20; so also <i>dignite</i> answers to <i>digne</i> of <i>reverence</i> in the same, l. 21; <i>power</i> occurs in the same, l. - 24; and <i>renomè</i> answers to <i>renoun</i> in l. 26.</p> + 24; and <i>renomè</i> answers to <i>renoun</i> in l. 26.</p> <p>21. <i>wening me</i>, seeing that I supposed.</p> @@ -29710,8 +29673,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 'resonable' are left.</p> <p>61. <i>riches</i>, &c.; from Boethius. See <i>riches</i> discussed - in Ch. Boeth. bk. ii. pr. 5; <i>dignitè</i>, in pr. 6; <i>renomè</i>, or - fame, in pr. 7; and <i>power</i>, along with <i>dignitè</i>, in pr. + in Ch. Boeth. bk. ii. pr. 5; <i>dignitè</i>, in pr. 6; <i>renomè</i>, or + fame, in pr. 7; and <i>power</i>, along with <i>dignitè</i>, in pr. 6.</p> <p>99. <i>as a litel assay</i>, as if for a short trial, for a while.</p> @@ -29776,7 +29739,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>30. Cf. Ch. Boeth. bk. ii. pr. 6. 75-8.</p> - <p>38. Perhaps read <i>dignitè in suche thing tene y-wrought</i>; 'as + <p>38. Perhaps read <i>dignitè in suche thing tene y-wrought</i>; 'as dignity in such a case wrought harm, so, on the contrary, the substance in dignity, being changed, rallied (so as) to bring in again a good condition in its effect.' Obscure. 'Dignities' are further discussed in @@ -29850,7 +29813,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>20. Copied <i>without material alteration</i> from Ch. Boeth. bk. iii. pr. 5. 5-7.</p> - <p>23. <i>power of rëalmes</i>; from the same, l. 7.</p> + <p>23. <i>power of rëalmes</i>; from the same, l. 7.</p> <p>30-9. Copied, in part literally, from Ch. Boeth. bk. iii. pr. 5. 8-17.</p> @@ -29949,7 +29912,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> thise weyes ne ben a maner misledinges to blisfulnesse'; Ch. Boeth. bk. iii. pr. 8. 1-2.</p> - <p><b>Chap. VIII.</b> 5. <i>renomè</i>, renown; answering to <i>glori</i> + <p><b>Chap. VIII.</b> 5. <i>renomè</i>, renown; answering to <i>glori</i> and <i>renoun</i> in Ch. Boeth. bk. iii. pr. 6. 1, 6. But there is not much imitation of Chaucer in the former part of this chapter. <!-- Page 472 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page472"></a>[472]</span></p> @@ -30116,7 +30079,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> upon the assignment of the <i>first</i> hour) is obviously—the Sun, the Moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn; or, in Anglo-Saxon terminology, the Sun, the Moon, Tīw, Wōden, Thunor (Thur), - Frige, and Sætern (Sæter).</p> + Frige, and Sætern (Sæter).</p> <p>178. Cf. 'here wo into wele wende mote atte laste'; P. Plowman, C. xxi. 210. See notes to ch. 13. 86 below, and bk. i. 3. 153.</p> @@ -30124,7 +30087,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>180. Cf. Troil. iv. 836, and the note (vol. ii. p. 490).</p> <p>196. <i>slawe</i>, slain; the usual expression; cf. Compl. of Mars, - 186; Compl. unto Pitè, 112.</p> + 186; Compl. unto Pitè, 112.</p> <p><b>Chap. X.</b> 1-6. Cf. Ch. Boeth. bk. iii. pr. 9. 1-4; pr. 10. 1-4.</p> @@ -30312,7 +30275,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>53. <i>apeted to</i>, sought after, longed for, desired. <i>Apete</i> is a correct form, as it represents an O.F. <i>*apeter</i>; but the usual - O.F. form is <i>appeter</i> (Littré, s.v. <i>appéter</i>), from Lat. + O.F. form is <i>appeter</i> (Littré, s.v. <i>appéter</i>), from Lat. <i>appetere</i>. See New E. Dict., s.v. <i>Appete</i>, where a quotation is given from Chaucer, L. G. W. 1582. <!-- Page 477 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page477"></a>[477]</span>But the right reading @@ -30398,12 +30361,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>38. <i>shewed thee thy Margarite</i>; meaning (I suppose) shewn thee the excellence of the church as it is.</p> - <p>40. <i>Siloë</i>, Siloam. It is a wonder where the author found this + <p>40. <i>Siloë</i>, Siloam. It is a wonder where the author found this description of the waters of the pool of Siloam; but I much suspect that it arose from a gross misunderstanding of Isaiah, viii. 6, 7, thus:—'the waters of Shiloah that go softly ... shall come up over all his channels, and go over all his banks.' In the Vulgate: 'aquas - Siloë, quae uadunt cum silentio ... ascendet super omnes riuos eius, et + Siloë, quae uadunt cum silentio ... ascendet super omnes riuos eius, et fluet super uniuersas ripas eius.' Hence <i>cankes</i> in l. 44 is certainly an error for <i>bankes</i>; the initial <i>c</i> was caught from the preceding <i>circuit</i>.</p> @@ -30485,7 +30448,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>37. He says that the English alter the name <i>Margarite-perle</i> into <i>Margery-perle</i>, whereas Latin, French, and many other languages keep the true form. Cf. Lat. <i>margarita</i>, O.F. - <i>marguerite</i>, <i>margarete</i>, Gk. <span title="margaritês" class="grk" + <i>marguerite</i>, <i>margarete</i>, Gk. <span title="margaritês" class="grk" >μαργαρίτης</span>, Pers. <i>marwārīd</i>, Arab. <i>marjān</i>; all from Skt. <i>manjarī</i>, a pearl.</p> @@ -30807,7 +30770,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>53. <i>no wode lay use</i>, sing no mad song.</p> <p>59. <i>Aristotel</i>. The reference appears to be to Aristotle, De - Interpretatione (<span title="peri hermêneias" class="grk" + Interpretatione (<span title="peri hermêneias" class="grk" >περὶ ἑρμηνείας</span>), ch. 1. <i>Voice</i> seems to mean 'a word unrelated to a sentence,' i.e. not @@ -30866,7 +30829,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>146. <i>forward</i>, thenceforward, afterwards.</p> - <p>155-6. <i>in his owne comodité</i>, in what is suitable for him; + <p>155-6. <i>in his owne comodité</i>, in what is suitable for him; <i>comodites</i>, desires that are suitable. The examples of the word in this passage are older than any given, s.v. <i>Commodity</i>, in the New E. Dict. Cf. ll. 159, 165.</p> @@ -31006,8 +30969,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <i>permagall</i>, where the <i>m</i> is clearly for <i>in</i>; the spelling <i>peringall</i> being intended. Godefroy has O.F. <i>parivel</i>, also <i>parigal</i>, <i>paregal</i>, <i>perigal</i>, - <i>paringal</i> [with intrusive <i>n</i>], 'adj. et s., tout à fait ègal, - tout à fait semblable.' From Lat. <i>peraequalis</i>.</p> + <i>paringal</i> [with intrusive <i>n</i>], 'adj. et s., tout à fait ègal, + tout à fait semblable.' From Lat. <i>peraequalis</i>.</p> <p>135. 'Painted and adorned with colours.' Cf. 'peynt and portred'; P. Pl. Crede, 192; 'portreid and paynt,' 121.</p> @@ -31033,10 +30996,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>187. <i>gold-mastling</i> is a compound word, and should have been printed with a hyphen. It means the same as <i>latoun</i>, unless <i>latoun</i> was an imitation of an older and richer alloy. Thus, in - Wright's A.S. Vocabularies, we find: '<i>Auricalcum</i>, goldmæslinc,' + Wright's A.S. Vocabularies, we find: '<i>Auricalcum</i>, goldmæslinc,' col. 334, 10; '<i>Auricalcum</i>, goldmestling,' col. 550, 34; '<i>Auricalcum</i>, <i>Anglice</i> latoun,' col. 567, 5. As to - <i>latoun</i>, see note in vol. v. p. 270. Cf. A.S. <i>mæstling</i>, G. + <i>latoun</i>, see note in vol. v. p. 270. Cf. A.S. <i>mæstling</i>, G. <i>Messing</i>; words of uncertain origin.</p> <p>193-4. Cf. 1 John, iv. 3. <i>admirall</i>, prince, chief.</p> @@ -31172,7 +31135,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>490. <i>offrend</i>; O.F. <i>offrende</i>; cf. '<i>Offrande</i>, an offering'; Cotgrave.</p> - <p>520. Read <i>punishëments</i>, as in the old edition; it is a word of + <p>520. Read <i>punishëments</i>, as in the old edition; it is a word of four syllables; from O.F. <i>punissement</i> (Godefroy), which often appears in verse as a word of four syllables.</p> @@ -31238,9 +31201,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> the Idg. root <i>gu</i>, in Fick.</p> <p>723. 'A title of dignity, to be as a play-mate to them'; a curious - expression. Godefroy gives O.F. '<i>personage</i>, s.m., dignité, - bénéfice ecclésiastique; en particulier personnat, dignité ecclésiastique - qui donnait quelque prééminence au <i>chanoine</i> qui en était revêtu + expression. Godefroy gives O.F. '<i>personage</i>, s.m., dignité, + bénéfice ecclésiastique; en particulier personnat, dignité ecclésiastique + qui donnait quelque prééminence au <i>chanoine</i> qui en était revêtu dans le chapitre auquel il appartenait.' Cotgrave has: '<i>Personat</i>, a place, or title of honour, enjoyed by a beneficed person, without any manner of jurisdiction, in the church.'</p> @@ -31305,7 +31268,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <i>hale</i> is to haul or pull. <i>Heave and hale</i>, or <i>heave and hoe</i>, was a cry used for men to pull all together; hence <i>with heve and hale</i> just corresponds to the modern 'with might and main.' - Cotgrave has (s.v. <i>Cor</i>) the phrase: '<i>À cor et à cry</i>, by + Cotgrave has (s.v. <i>Cor</i>) the phrase: '<i>À cor et à cry</i>, by proclamation; also, by might and maine, with heave and hoe, eagerly, vehemently, seriously.'</p> @@ -31396,7 +31359,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>1153. <i>For ye woll</i>, because you wish to.</p> - <p>1166. <i>distaunce</i>, disagreement, strife; see Mätzner.</p> + <p>1166. <i>distaunce</i>, disagreement, strife; see Mätzner.</p> <p>1174. 'Why do ye meddle, who have nothing to do with it?'</p> @@ -31735,7 +31698,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>27. I find that there is no need to insert <i>the</i>. Read <i>requeste</i>, in three syllables, as it really had a final <i>e</i>, - being a feminine substantive. Cf. 'Et lor <i>requestë</i> refaison'; Rom. + being a feminine substantive. Cf. 'Et lor <i>requestë</i> refaison'; Rom. Rose, 4767. <i>Requeste</i> is trisyllabic in Troil. iv. 57; L. Good Wom. 448.</p> @@ -31784,8 +31747,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> us.</p> <p>281-3. These are the nine worthies; of whom three were heathen (281), - three Jewish (282), and three Christian (283); as noted in Reliquiæ - Antiquæ, i. 287. Sometimes they varied; thus Shakespeare introduces + three Jewish (282), and three Christian (283); as noted in Reliquiæ + Antiquæ, i. 287. Sometimes they varied; thus Shakespeare introduces Hercules and Pompey among the number; L. L. L. v. 2. 538. <i>Machabeus</i>, Judas Maccabeus. <i>Godfray</i>, Godfrey of Bouillon. <i>Arthus</i>, King Arthur.</p> @@ -31822,7 +31785,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'Cassiodore in his aprise telleth,</p> - <p>The regne is sauf, where pitè dwelleth.'</p> + <p>The regne is sauf, where pitè dwelleth.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -31850,7 +31813,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'Thus saide whylom Constantyn:—</p> <p>What emperour that is enclyn</p> - <p>To pitè for to be servaunt,</p> + <p>To pitè for to be servaunt,</p> <p>Of al the worldes remenaunt</p> <p>He is worthy to ben a lord.'</p> </div> @@ -31906,8 +31869,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>This poem is imitated, rather than translated, from the French poem entitled L'Epistre au Dieu d'Amours, written by Christine de Pisan in - May, 1399; printed in Œuvres Poétiques de Christine de Pisan, - publiées par Maurice Roy, ii. 1-27; Société des Anciens Textes Français, + May, 1399; printed in Œuvres Poétiques de Christine de Pisan, + publiées par Maurice Roy, ii. 1-27; Société des Anciens Textes Français, 1891. Hoccleve even rearranges some of the material; and Dr. Furnivall has printed all the lines of the original of which the English poet has made use, in the Notes to his edition of Hoccleve's Works, published for @@ -31946,7 +31909,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 209.</p> <p>16. <i>Albion</i>. Of course Hoccleve has adapted the poem for English - readers. The original has:—'Sur tous païs se complaignent de + readers. The original has:—'Sur tous païs se complaignent de <i>France</i>.'</p> <p>28. I read <i>mot</i> for the sake of the grammar and scansion; the @@ -31966,11 +31929,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>50. 'Has the pot by the handle'; i.e. holds it securely.</p> - <p>54. Note the accentuation: 'Aný womán.' This accentuation of words on + <p>54. Note the accentuation: 'Aný womán.' This accentuation of words on the latter syllable in rather unlikely cases, is a marked peculiarity of - Hoccleve's verse. Cf. <i>womán</i> in l. 79, <i>journéy</i> in l. 106; - <i>axíng</i> in l. 122, <i>purpós</i> in l. 130. Cf. <i>wommán</i> in l. - 170 with <i>wómman</i> in l. 174.</p> + Hoccleve's verse. Cf. <i>womán</i> in l. 79, <i>journéy</i> in l. 106; + <i>axÃng</i> in l. 122, <i>purpós</i> in l. 130. Cf. <i>wommán</i> in l. + 170 with <i>wómman</i> in l. 174.</p> <p>71. <i>To here?</i> to her? Dr. Furnivall notes that Hoccleve frequently makes <i>here</i> dissyllabic, when it represents the personal @@ -31982,7 +31945,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>90. <i>souneth in-to</i>, tends to; cf. note to C. T., B 3157.</p> <p>95. 'They procure such assistants as have a double face.' The - accentuation of <i>prócuren</i> on the <i>o</i> was at this time common; + accentuation of <i>prócuren</i> on the <i>o</i> was at this time common; we even find the form <i>proker</i> (see Stratmann).</p> <p>120-2. <i>wolde ... Men wiste</i>, would like men to know.</p> @@ -31994,7 +31957,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>184. <i>dishonest</i>, unworthy of honour, blameworthy. Ray gives the proverb—'it's an ill bird that bewrays its own nest'; and compares - the Greek—<span title="ton oikoi thêsauron diaballein" class="grk" + the Greek—<span title="ton oikoi thêsauron diaballein" class="grk" >τὸν οἴκοι θησαυρὸν διαβάλλε<!-- @@ -32018,8 +31981,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>Furent tenus, mais il sont d'amer las,</p> <p>Ou par vieillece ou deffaulte de cuer,</p> <p>Si ne veulent plus amer a nul fuer,</p> - <p>Et convenant m'ont de tous poins nyé,</p> - <p>Moy et mon fait guerpy et renié,</p> + <p>Et convenant m'ont de tous poins nyé,</p> + <p>Moy et mon fait guerpy et renié,</p> <p>Comme mauvais serviteurs et rebelles.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -32035,7 +31998,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>281. Jean de Meun, author of the latter and more satirical part of the famous Roman de la Rose; see vol. i.</p> - <p>298. 'They are not so void of constancy.' Read <i>cónstauncè</i>.</p> + <p>298. 'They are not so void of constancy.' Read <i>cónstauncè</i>.</p> <p>302. See Ch. Legend of Good Women, 1580.</p> @@ -32081,8 +32044,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hgsq">'Donné en l'air, en nostre grant palais,</p> - <p>Le jour de May la solempnée feste</p> + <p class="hgsq">'Donné en l'air, en nostre grant palais,</p> + <p>Le jour de May la solempnée feste</p> <p>Ou les amans nous font mainte requeste,</p> <p>L'An de grace Mil trois cens quate vins</p> <p>Et dix et neuf, present dieux et divins,' &c.</p> @@ -32133,11 +32096,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> p. 15; st. 28.</p> <p>15. <i>do forth</i>, proceed, continue to do as you have done in the - past. Not a common expression; see <i>forth</i> in Mätzner.</p> + past. Not a common expression; see <i>forth</i> in Mätzner.</p> <p>18. Very characteristic of Hoccleve; the accents required by the verse are thrown upon the weak words <i>your</i> and <i>the</i>. But perhaps - <i>your</i> is emphatic. Cf. <i>fullý</i> in l. 20, <i>á sharp</i>, + <i>your</i> is emphatic. Cf. <i>fullý</i> in l. 20, <i>á sharp</i>, 21.</p> <p>30. Hoccleve is clearly urging the King to repress Lollardry.</p> @@ -32153,7 +32116,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>47. <i>nuisaunce</i>, annoyance; referring to heresy; cf. l. 50.</p> - <p>52. <i>Slepë nat this</i>, be not sleepy about this; a rare + <p>52. <i>Slepë nat this</i>, be not sleepy about this; a rare construction.</p> <p>58. <i>norice of distaunce</i>, nurse of debate or strife.</p> @@ -32326,7 +32289,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>43-49. This stanza answers to Rom. Rose, ll. 105-8, 78-9. <!-- Page 505 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page505"></a>[505]</span></p> - <p>52. <i>celúred</i>, canopied, over-arched (New E. Dict.).</p> + <p>52. <i>celúred</i>, canopied, over-arched (New E. Dict.).</p> <p>53-6. Cf. Rom. Rose, 1398-1400.</p> @@ -32381,13 +32344,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p class="hgsq">'About the <i>brinkes</i> of thise welles,</p> <p>And by the stremes over-al elles</p> <p><i>Sprang up the gras</i>, as thikke y-set</p> - <p><i>And softe as any veluët</i>.'</p> + <p><i>And softe as any veluët</i>.'</p> </div> </div> <p>It is remarkable that the French original merely has 'Poignoit l'erbe freschete et drue,' without any mention of <i>softe</i> or of - <i>veluët</i>. It thus becomes clear that Lydgate is actually quoting + <i>veluët</i>. It thus becomes clear that Lydgate is actually quoting <i>Chaucer's version</i>.</p> <p>81. The reading seems to be <i>lustily cam springing</i>; it would be @@ -32634,7 +32597,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>20. <i>Cipryde</i>, really the same as Venus, but here distinguished; see Parl. Foules, 277.</p> - <p>38. Apparently accented as 'Aúrorà'; Ch. has Auróra, L. G. W. 774.</p> + <p>38. Apparently accented as 'Aúrorà '; Ch. has Auróra, L. G. W. 774.</p> <p>49. <i>crampessh at</i> must be <i>crampisshed</i>, i.e. constrained painfully, tortured; see note to Anelida, 171 (vol. i. p. 535).</p> @@ -32653,7 +32616,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>113. <i>somer-sonne</i>; imitated from the Book of the Duch. 821-4.</p> - <p>125. 'To speke of bountè or of gentilles,' &c.; T. G. 287.</p> + <p>125. 'To speke of bountè or of gentilles,' &c.; T. G. 287.</p> <p>140. 'To alle hir werkes virtu is hir gyde'; C. T., B 164.</p> @@ -32679,7 +32642,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>It is obvious that the extraordinary word <i>setrone</i> (see the footnote) arose from a desire on the part of the scribe to secure a rime for the name in the next line, which he must have imagined to be - <i>An-ti-góne</i>, in <i>three</i> syllables, with a mute final <i>e</i>! + <i>An-ti-góne</i>, in <i>three</i> syllables, with a mute final <i>e</i>! This turned <i>secree</i> into <i>secrone</i>, which Thynne probably misread as <i>setrone</i>, since <i>c</i> and <i>t</i> are alike in many MSS. But there are no such words as <i>secrone</i> or <i>setrone</i>; and @@ -32752,8 +32715,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>251. Cf. Compl. Mars, 13, 14. The metre almost seems to require an accent on the second syllable of <i>Valentyn</i>, with suppressed final <i>e</i>; but a much more pleasing line, though less regular, can be made - by distributing the pauses artificially thus: Upón . the dáy of . saint - Válen . týne . sínge. The word <i>saint</i> is altogether unemphatic; cf. + by distributing the pauses artificially thus: Upón . the dáy of . saint + Válen . týne . sÃnge. The word <i>saint</i> is altogether unemphatic; cf. ll. 4, 100.</p> <p>257. <i>fetheres ynde</i>, blue feathers; possibly with a reference to @@ -32810,14 +32773,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>60. Cf. 'I flee for socour to thy tente'; ABC, 41.</p> - <p>64. <i>itinerárie</i>, a description of the way.</p> + <p>64. <i>itinerárie</i>, a description of the way.</p> <p>65. <i>bravie</i>, prize, especially in an athletic contest; Lat. <i>brauium</i>, Gk. <span title="brabeion" class="grk" >βραβεῖον</span>, in 1 Cor. ix. 24. See note to C. T., D 75.</p> - <p>66. <i>diourn denárie</i>, daily pay, as of a penny a day; referring + <p>66. <i>diourn denárie</i>, daily pay, as of a penny a day; referring to Matt. xx. 2: 'Conventione autem facta cum operariis ex <i>denario diurno</i>.'</p> @@ -32842,9 +32805,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page512"></a>[512]</span></p> <p>92, 93. <i>loupe</i>; cf. F. <i>loupe</i>, an excrescence, fleshy - kernel, knot in wood, lens, knob. It was also a term in jewellery. Littré - has: 'pierre précieuse que la nature n'a pas achevée. Loupe de saphir, - loupe de rubis, certaines parties imparfaites et grossières qui se + kernel, knot in wood, lens, knob. It was also a term in jewellery. Littré + has: 'pierre précieuse que la nature n'a pas achevée. Loupe de saphir, + loupe de rubis, certaines parties imparfaites et grossières qui se trouvent quelquefois dans ces pierres.' Hence it is not a very happy epithet, but Lydgate must have meant it in a good sense, as expressing the densest portion of a jewel; hence his 'stable (i.e. firm) as the @@ -32854,8 +32817,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> ii. 14; but it is here described as <i>blue</i>, and must therefore refer to a stone of the colour of water in a lake.</p> - <p>98. Read <i>hértè</i> for the scansion; but it is a bad line. It - runs:—And hém . recéyvest . wíth . hértè . ful tréwe.</p> + <p>98. Read <i>hértè</i> for the scansion; but it is a bad line. It + runs:—And hém . recéyvest . wÃth . hértè . ful tréwe.</p> <p>99. <i>gladded</i>, gladdened; referring to the Annunciation.</p> @@ -32925,7 +32888,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> immediately from the Vulgate version of John v. 2: 'Est autem Ierosolymis <i>probatica piscina</i>, quae cognominatur hebraice Bethsaida'; i.e. the reference is to the well-known pool of Bethesda. The Greek has: <span - title="epi têi probatikêi kolumbêthra" class="grk">ἐπὶ + title="epi têi probatikêi kolumbêthra" class="grk">ἐπὶ τῇ προβατικῇ κολυμβήθρα</span>. The etymology is obvious, from Gk. <span title="probaton" class="grk" @@ -32959,9 +32922,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> so).'</p> <p>14. 'I have all my trust in thee.' The scansion is got by grouping the - syllables thus: J'áy . en vóus . tóute . má . fiáunce. It is a line of + syllables thus: J'áy . en vóus . tóute . má . fiáunce. It is a line of the Lydgate type, in which the first syllable in the normal line, and the - first syllable after the cæsura, are alike dropped.</p> + first syllable after the cæsura, are alike dropped.</p> <p>17. <i>thou knette</i>, mayst thou knit; the subj. or optative mood.</p> @@ -33027,7 +32990,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>40. <i>deslavee</i>, loose, unchaste; see Gloss. to Chaucer.</p> - <p>45. Accent <i>dévourour</i> on the first syllable.</p> + <p>45. Accent <i>dévourour</i> on the first syllable.</p> <p>60. <i>dissolucioun</i>, dissolute behaviour.</p> @@ -33177,7 +33140,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hgsq">'Aëre quid leuius? fulgur; quid fulgure? uentus.</p> + <p class="hgsq">'Aëre quid leuius? fulgur; quid fulgure? uentus.</p> <p>Vento quid? mulier. Quid muliere? nichil.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -33233,8 +33196,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'Qui vouldroit mon vouloir contraindre</p> <p>A ioyeuses choses escrire,</p> - <p><i>Ma plume</i> n'y sçauroit attaindre,</p> - <p>Non feroit ma langue à les dire.</p> + <p><i>Ma plume</i> n'y sçauroit attaindre,</p> + <p>Non feroit ma langue à les dire.</p> <p>Ie n'ay bouche qui puisse rire</p> <p>Que les yeulx ne la desmentissent:</p> <p>Car le cueur l'en vouldroit desdire</p> @@ -33265,7 +33228,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> name="page518"></a>[518]</span></p> <p>105. <i>most fresshest</i>, who had most newly arrived; 'Tels y ot qui - à l'heure vinrent.'</p> + à l'heure vinrent.'</p> <p>137. <i>scole-maister</i>, i.e. his mistress who ruled him; cf. <i>her</i> in l. 139.</p> @@ -33277,7 +33240,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'I'apperceu le <i>trait</i> de ses yeulx</p> - <p>Tout empenné d'humbles requestes.'</p> + <p>Tout empenné d'humbles requestes.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -33364,7 +33327,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>340. 'Preuue ses parolles par oeuure.'</p> <p>348. <i>their</i> is an error for <i>his</i> (Love's), due to the - translator. 'Lors il [Amour] descouure sa fierté.'</p> + translator. 'Lors il [Amour] descouure sa fierté.'</p> <p>351.</p> @@ -33391,12 +33354,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>449. <i>wanteth</i>, is wanting, is lacking.</p> - <p>468. 'Qui soit donné à autre office.'</p> + <p>468. 'Qui soit donné à autre office.'</p> <p>469. 'D'assez grant charge se cheuit,' he gets rid of a great responsibility. The translator gives the contrary sense.</p> - <p>506. 'D'en donner à qui les reffuse.'</p> + <p>506. 'D'en donner à qui les reffuse.'</p> <p>509. That <i>He</i>, not <i>Who</i>, should begin the line, is certain by comparison with the French:—'<i>Il</i> ne doit pas cuider @@ -33432,7 +33395,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>555. 'Ne de l'aprendre n'ay-ie cure.'</p> - <p>559. 'Et le deuoir d'amours payer Qui franc cueur a, prisé et + <p>559. 'Et le deuoir d'amours payer Qui franc cueur a, prisé et droit.'</p> <p>566. <i>That</i> is a mere conjunction; the reading <i>Which</i> @@ -33449,7 +33412,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>605. 'De tous soit celuy deguerpiz.'</p> <p>608. <i>or anything at al</i>, &c.; 'et le bien fait De sa Dame - qui l'a reffait Et ramené de mort a vie'; i.e. and the kindness of his + qui l'a reffait Et ramené de mort a vie'; i.e. and the kindness of his Lady, who has new made him, and brought him back from death to life. The English follows some different reading, and is obscurely expressed.</p> @@ -33469,7 +33432,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'Et si bien aprins qu'ils retiennent</p> - <p>A changer dés qu'ils ont clamez.'</p> + <p>A changer dés qu'ils ont clamez.'</p> </div> </div> @@ -33482,12 +33445,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>667. <i>to have better</i>, to get a better lover.</p> - <p>668. 'Et prenez en gré le reffus.'</p> + <p>668. 'Et prenez en gré le reffus.'</p> <p>673. The original shews that <i>she</i> really refers to <i>Pity</i>, denoted by <i>it</i> in l. 671, not to the Lady herself.</p> - <p>680. 'Et iamais á bout n'en vendrez.'</p> + <p>680. 'Et iamais á bout n'en vendrez.'</p> <p>706. <i>By</i>; French, <i>De</i>; hence <i>By</i> should be <i>Of</i>. Read <i>defame of cruelty</i>, an ill name for cruelty. The @@ -33593,7 +33556,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> derived it, but intimates that it is a fiction; I suppose he invented it himself.</p> - <p>74. <i>lybel of répudy</i>, Lat. 'libellum repudii,' as in Matt. xix. + <p>74. <i>lybel of répudy</i>, Lat. 'libellum repudii,' as in Matt. xix. 7.</p> <p>77. 'And, as some say, into the common court'; i.e. she became a @@ -33670,7 +33633,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> my Etym. Dict.</p> <p>212-6. The names of the four horses are curiously corrupted from the - names given in Ovid, Met. ii. 153, viz. Eöus, Æthon, Pyröeis, and + names given in Ovid, Met. ii. 153, viz. Eöus, Æthon, Pyröeis, and Phlegon. As <i>Eous</i> means 'belonging to the dawn,' we may consider the words <i>into the Orient</i>, i.e. in the East, as explanatory of the name <i>Eoy</i>; 'called Eoy, (which signifies) in the East.' As to the @@ -33708,7 +33671,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <i>sow</i>.</p> <p>290. As Henryson usually refrains from the addition of a syllable at - the cæsura, we should probably read <i>injure</i>, not <i>injury</i>; see + the cæsura, we should probably read <i>injure</i>, not <i>injury</i>; see Troil. iii. 1018.</p> <p>297, 298. <i>hyest</i>, i.e. Saturn; <i>lawest</i> (lowest), i.e. @@ -33821,7 +33784,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> 'a <i>grain</i> of sense.' We may also note the Fr. <i>teindre en graine</i>, to dye in grain, to dye of a fast colour; and we occasionally find <i>grain</i> in the sense of 'tint.' Godefroy cites 'ung couvertoer - d'une <i>graigne</i> vermeille'; and 'une manche vermeille, ne sçay se + d'une <i>graigne</i> vermeille'; and 'une manche vermeille, ne sçay se c'est <i>graine</i> ou autre taincture.' <i>Grane</i> also means 'groan,' and 'groin,' and 'fork of a tree'; but none of these senses suit.</p> @@ -33976,7 +33939,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>90. As <i>brid</i> is a monosyllable (cf. ll. 212, 260, 270, 271), it is necessary to make <i>lew-ed-e</i> a trisyllable; as also in l. 103. - But it becomes <i>lew'de</i> in ll. 50, 94. Chaucer has <i>lew-ëd</i>, P. + But it becomes <i>lew'de</i> in ll. 50, 94. Chaucer has <i>lew-ëd</i>, P. F. 616, &c.</p> <p>105. <i>him</i>; the cuckoo is male, but the nightingale, by way of @@ -33990,7 +33953,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>124. <i>I</i> seems to be strongly accented. It is a pity that there is no authority for inserting <i>For</i> before it. Otherwise, read <i>I - hav-ë</i>.</p> + hav-ë</i>.</p> <p>In Old French, <i>oci oci</i>, represented the cry of the nightingale; Godefroy gives examples from Raoul de Houdenc, Froissart, and Deschamps. @@ -34044,7 +34007,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>185. 'And then you shall be called as <i>I</i> am.' I. e. your loved one will forsake you, and you will be called a cuckold. This remark is founded on the fact that the O.F. <i>coucou</i> or <i>cocu</i> had the - double sense of cuckoo and cuckold. See <i>cocu</i> in Littré. This + double sense of cuckoo and cuckold. See <i>cocu</i> in Littré. This explains l. 186.</p> <p>201-5. Bell, by an oversight, omits this stanza.</p> @@ -34070,7 +34033,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>267. A syllable seems lacking after <i>I</i>; such lines are common in <!-- Page 529 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page529"></a>[529]</span>Lydgate. The reading <i>y-chid</i> would - render the line complete; or we may read <i>hav-ë</i>, as perhaps in l. + render the line complete; or we may read <i>hav-ë</i>, as perhaps in l. 124.</p> <p>275. An obvious allusion to Chaucer's Parlement of Foules, in which he @@ -34130,7 +34093,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>27-8. This rime of <i>passe</i> with <i>was</i> occurs again below (114-6); and in A. L. 436-8.</p> - <p>30. Chaucer has <i>hew-ë</i>, <i>new-ë</i>; but here <i>hew</i>, + <p>30. Chaucer has <i>hew-ë</i>, <i>new-ë</i>; but here <i>hew</i>, <i>new</i> rime with the pt. t. <i>grew</i>. So, in A. L. 65-8, <i>hew</i>, <i>new</i> rime with the pt. t. <i>knew</i>. <!-- Page 530 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page530"></a>[530]</span></p> @@ -34353,7 +34316,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>243. Cf. '<i>and furred</i> wel <i>with gray</i>'; A. L. 305.</p> <p>252. <i>henshmen</i>, youths mounted on horseback, who attended their - lords. See numerous quotations for this word in A Student's Pastime, §§ + lords. See numerous quotations for this word in A Student's Pastime, §§ 264, 272, 415-8. Each of them is called <i>a child</i>, l. 259.</p> <p>253. For <i>every on</i>, it is absolutely necessary to read <i>the @@ -34426,7 +34389,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>403. Bell thinks this corrupt. I think it means, that, before engaging with them in jousts in a friendly manner, they procured some logs of wood - and thoroughly dried them. Hence <i>To make hir justës</i> = in order to + and thoroughly dried them. Hence <i>To make hir justës</i> = in order to joust with them afterwards.</p> <p>410. 'Quickly anointing the sick, wherever they went.' <!-- Page 534 @@ -34484,7 +34447,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> III, was anything but a recent event.</p> <p>530. I. e. 'Witness <i>him</i> of Rome, who was the founder of - knighthood.' Alluding to Julius Cæsar, to whom was decreed by the senate + knighthood.' Alluding to Julius Cæsar, to whom was decreed by the senate the right of wearing a laurel-crown; Dryden mentions him by name.</p> <p>550. Cf. '<i>De mieulx en mieulx</i>'; Temple of Glas, 310.</p> @@ -34564,10 +34527,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> not ousted from the place.'</p> <p>61. <i>Ne-m'oublie-mies</i>; from O.F. <i>ne m'oublie-mie</i>, a - forget-me-not. Littré, s.v. <i>ne m'oubliez pas</i>, quotes, from Charles - d'Orléans, 'Des <!-- Page 536 --><span class="pagenum"><a + forget-me-not. Littré, s.v. <i>ne m'oubliez pas</i>, quotes, from Charles + d'Orléans, 'Des <!-- Page 536 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page536"></a>[536]</span>fleurs de <i>ne m'oubliez mie</i>'; and - again, from a later source, 'Un diamant taillé en fleur de <i>ne m'oblie + again, from a later source, 'Un diamant taillé en fleur de <i>ne m'oblie mie</i>.' The recovery of this true reading (by the help of MS. A.) is very interesting; as all the editions, who follow Thynne, are hopelessly wrong. Thynne, misreading the word, printed <i>Ne momblysnesse</i>; @@ -34577,10 +34540,10 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> form:—'<i>Momblishness</i>, muttering talk; Bailey (1731).'</p> <p><i>sovenez</i> doubtless corresponds to the name <i>remember-me</i>, - given in Yorkshire and Scotland to the <i>Veronica chamædrys</i>, more + given in Yorkshire and Scotland to the <i>Veronica chamædrys</i>, more commonly called the germander speedwell, and in some counties forget-me-not. But we should rather, in this passage, take forget-me-not - (above) to refer, as is most usual, to the <i>Myosotis</i>; as Littré + (above) to refer, as is most usual, to the <i>Myosotis</i>; as Littré also explains it. Here Thynne was once more at a loss, and printed the word as <i>souenesse</i>, which was 'improved' by Stowe into <i>sonenesse</i>. Hence another ghost-word, recorded by Bailey in the @@ -34588,7 +34551,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>62. <i>pensees</i>, pansies; alluding, of course, to the <i>Viola tricolor</i>. The spelling is correct, as it represents the O.F. - <i>pensee</i>, thought; and it seems to have been named, as Littré + <i>pensee</i>, thought; and it seems to have been named, as Littré remarks, in a similar way to the forget-me-not, and (I may add) to the remember-me.</p> @@ -34650,7 +34613,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>463. <i>Hawes</i>, probably the same name as <i>Havise</i>, which occurs in the old story of Fulke Fitzwarine. But it is remarkable that - MS. A. has the reading:—'That other sydë was, how Enclusene'; and + MS. A. has the reading:—'That other sydë was, how Enclusene'; and this looks like an error for <i>Melusene</i>, variant of <i>Melusine</i>. This would agree with the next line, which means 'was untruly deceived in her bath.' The story of Melusine is given in the Romance of Partenay. She @@ -34812,7 +34775,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>69. I can find no such word as <i>jouesse</i>, so I alter it to <i>jonesse</i>, i.e. youth. For the spelling <i>jonesce</i> in the 14th - century, see Littré, s.v. <!-- Page 540 --><span class="pagenum"><a + century, see Littré, s.v. <!-- Page 540 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page540"></a>[540]</span><i>jeunesse</i>. The expression <i>have more yet</i> implies that the phrase or motto <i>je serve jonesse</i> is added as a postscript, and that there was some special point in it; but @@ -34913,7 +34876,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>45. Cf. 'Ther was enclosed <i>rype and sad corage</i>'; C. T., E 220.</p> - <p>49, 50. Here the mountain of Cithæron, in Bœotia, is confused + <p>49, 50. Here the mountain of Cithæron, in Bœotia, is confused with the island of Cythera, sacred to Venus, whence her name Cytherea was derived. The mistake arose, of course, from the similarity of the names, and occurs (as said in vol. v. p. 78, note to A 1936), in the Roman de la @@ -34923,7 +34886,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hgsq">'Citeron est une montaigne ...</p> <p>Venus, qui les dames espire,</p> - <p>Fist là son principal manoir'; ll. 15865-71.</p> + <p>Fist là son principal manoir'; ll. 15865-71.</p> </div> </div> @@ -34946,7 +34909,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>78. <i>ind</i>, blue; as in The Black Knight, 127.</p> <p>80. <i>Baleis Turkeis</i> (MS. <i>Bales turkes</i>). <i>Baleis</i> is - a better spelling, answering to F. <i>balais</i> in Littré. It also + a better spelling, answering to F. <i>balais</i> in Littré. It also occurs as <i>balai</i> in O.F.; and the word was probably suggested by the mention of it in Rom. de la Rose, 20125:—'Que saphirs, rubis, ne <i>balai</i>.' Hence also the mention of it in the King's Quhair, st. @@ -35013,11 +34976,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>139, 140. 'Bihinde <i>her bak, a yerde long</i>'; C. T., A 1050.</p> <p>148. <i>In mewet</i>, in an inaudible voice, to myself; like mod. F. - <i>à la muette</i> (Littré).</p> + <i>à la muette</i> (Littré).</p> <p>167. <i>non erst</i>; false grammar for <i>non er</i>, no sooner; 'no soonest' is nonsense. We find, however, the phrases <i>not erst</i> and - <i>never erst</i> elsewhere; see New E. Dict., s.v. <i>Erst</i>, § B. + <i>never erst</i> elsewhere; see New E. Dict., s.v. <i>Erst</i>, § B. 4.</p> <p>170. This is the earliest quotation given in the New E. Dict., s.v. @@ -35154,7 +35117,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>367. <i>yern</i>, earn; so <i>yearne</i> in Spenser, F. Q. vi. 1. 40; A.S. <i>geearnian</i>.</p> - <p>368-9. 'Of <i>grace and pitè</i>, and nought of rightwisnes'; T. G. + <p>368-9. 'Of <i>grace and pitè</i>, and nought of rightwisnes'; T. G. 979.</p> <p>378. <i>a-croke</i> (MS. <i>a croke</i>), awry; see <i>Acrook</i> in @@ -35293,14 +35256,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>634. <i>ure</i>, destiny; from O.F. <i>eur</i>, Lat. <i>augurium</i>. A word that first appeared in Northern English; it occurs at least eight times in Barbour's Bruce. And in the Kingis Quair, st. 10, we have the - whole phrase—'my fortúne and ure.' It is also used by Lydgate; see + whole phrase—'my fortúne and ure.' It is also used by Lydgate; see VIII. 151, 302, 482 (pp. 250, 254, 260). <!-- Page 547 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page547"></a>[547]</span></p> <p>641. An exact repetition of l. 633 above.</p> <p>642. Here, for a wonder, is an example of the final <i>e</i>; the - author took the whole phrase 'In thilk-ë place' from some previous + author took the whole phrase 'In thilk-ë place' from some previous author; cf. 'In thilke places' (<i>sic</i>); Rom. Rose, 660 (Thynne). <i>sign</i>, assign.</p> @@ -35426,7 +35389,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Europa, Antiopa, Alcmene, and Danae, are all mentioned together in Ovid, Met. vi. 103-13. It follows that our author had read Ovid.</p> - <p>831. '<i>There is no lak, saue</i> onli of pitè'; T. G. 749.</p> + <p>831. '<i>There is no lak, saue</i> onli of pitè'; T. G. 749.</p> <p>841. The word <i>the</i> was probably written like <i>ye</i>, giving, apparently, the reading <i>ye ye</i>; then one of these was dropped. The @@ -35577,7 +35540,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>1136. Cf. 'With sobbing teris, and with ful pitous soune'; T. G. 197.</p> - <p>1139. Cf. 'And other eke, that for <i>pouertè</i>'; T. G. 159.</p> + <p>1139. Cf. 'And other eke, that for <i>pouertè</i>'; T. G. 159.</p> <p>1150. <i>prang</i>, pang (MS. <i>prange</i>; and so in Stowe); altered to <i>pang</i> by Bell and Morris. '<i>Pronge</i>, Erumpna' [aerumna]; @@ -35635,7 +35598,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p>1253. <i>sojoure</i>, sojourn, dwell, used quite wrongly; for O.F. <i>sojur</i> (originally <i>sojorn</i>) is a sb. only, like mod. F. - <i>séjour</i>. The O.F. verb was <i>sojorner</i>, <i>sojourner</i>, + <i>séjour</i>. The O.F. verb was <i>sojorner</i>, <i>sojourner</i>, whence M.E. <i>sojornen</i>, <i>sojournen</i>, correctly used by Chaucer. The sb. <i>sojour</i> occurs in Rom. Rose, 4282, 5150. The mistake is so bad that even the scribe has here written <i>soiorne</i>; but, unluckily, @@ -35873,7 +35836,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>A deblys</b>, (<i>perhaps</i>) to the devil, as if devoted to the devil, I. ii. 13. 99. See the note.</p> - <p><b>A dewe</b>, (<i>perhaps for</i> à dieu), I. ii. 13. 99. See the + <p><b>A dewe</b>, (<i>perhaps for</i> à dieu), I. ii. 13. 99. See the note.</p> <p><b>A this halfe</b>, on this side, below, I. i. 9. 39.</p> @@ -36340,7 +36303,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Attyred</b>, <i>pp.</i> attired, II. 192.</p> - <p><b>Auctoritè</b>, <i>s.</i> authority, I. i. 4. 9; XVI. 137.</p> + <p><b>Auctoritè</b>, <i>s.</i> authority, I. i. 4. 9; XVI. 137.</p> <p><b>Auctour</b>, <i>s.</i> author, I. iii. 4. 245.</p> @@ -36449,7 +36412,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Ayencoming</b>, <i>pres. pt.</i> returning, I. iii. 9. 66.</p> - <p><b>Ayenës</b>, <i>prep.</i> in return for, II. 1297; Ayens, ready for, + <p><b>Ayenës</b>, <i>prep.</i> in return for, II. 1297; Ayens, ready for, VIII. 63.</p> <p><b>Ayen-looking</b>, <i>pres. pt.</i> looking back, I. i. 8. 17.</p> @@ -36673,7 +36636,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Bestiallich</b>, <i>adj.</i> bestial, I. ii. 4. 45.</p> - <p><b>Bestialtè</b>. <i>s.</i> fleshliness, I. iii. 9. 48.</p> + <p><b>Bestialtè</b>. <i>s.</i> fleshliness, I. iii. 9. 48.</p> <p><b>Beswinke</b>, <i>ger.</i> to toil for, I. i. 1. 40.</p> @@ -36727,7 +36690,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Bitte</b>, <i>s.</i> bit, I. ii. 6. 83.</p> - <p><b>Bla</b>, <i>adj.</i> livid, XVII. 159. Icel. <i>blár</i>.</p> + <p><b>Bla</b>, <i>adj.</i> livid, XVII. 159. Icel. <i>blár</i>.</p> <p><b>Blabbing</b>, <i>pres. pt.</i> prattling, V. 116.</p> @@ -37001,7 +36964,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Careckes</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> characters, marks, II. 542.</p> - <p><b>Carkë</b>, <i>v.</i> be anxious, II. 250, 1123.</p> + <p><b>Carkë</b>, <i>v.</i> be anxious, II. 250, 1123.</p> <p><b>Carpen</b>, <i>1 pr. pl.</i> talk about, discuss, I. ii. 8. 30.</p> @@ -37240,15 +37203,15 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Commensal</b>, <i>adj.</i> partaking of a common repast, feeding with others, I. i. 4. 25.</p> - <p><b>Comminaltè</b>, <i>s.</i> commons, II. 654; <i>pl.</i> communities, + <p><b>Comminaltè</b>, <i>s.</i> commons, II. 654; <i>pl.</i> communities, I. iii. 1. 89.</p> <p><b>Comming</b>, <i>pres. pt. as adj.</i> future, sure to happen, I. iii. 3. 26; I. iii. 3. 82.</p> - <p><b>Comoditè</b>, <i>s.</i> advantage, I. iii. 8. 155.</p> + <p><b>Comoditè</b>, <i>s.</i> advantage, I. iii. 8. 155.</p> - <p><b>Comonaltè</b>, <i>s.</i> commonalty, XXIV. 1209.</p> + <p><b>Comonaltè</b>, <i>s.</i> commonalty, XXIV. 1209.</p> <p><b>Comparacion</b>, <i>s.</i> comparison, I. ii. 11. 35.</p> @@ -37351,7 +37314,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Contrarious</b>, <i>adj.</i> contrary, I. ii. 6. 95.</p> - <p><b>Contrarioustè</b>, <i>s.</i> contrariety, I. ii. 8. 50; + <p><b>Contrarioustè</b>, <i>s.</i> contrariety, I. ii. 8. 50; contradiction, I. iii. 4. 229; opposition, I. iii. 1. 125.</p> <p><b>Contrary-doers</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> trespassers, I. iii. 2. 8.</p> @@ -37450,7 +37413,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Crede</b>, <i>s.</i> Creed, II. 413, 1066.</p> - <p><b>Crepë</b>, <i>v.</i> creep, II. 942.</p> + <p><b>Crepë</b>, <i>v.</i> creep, II. 942.</p> <p><b>Cresse</b>, <i>s.</i> blade of a cress, I. i. 5. 133; I. ii. 7. 109; I. iii. 5. 45.</p> @@ -37519,7 +37482,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Damoselles</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> damsels, I. ii. 2. 42; girls, II. 928.</p> - <p><b>Dampnáble</b>, <i>adj.</i> damnable, VI. 60.</p> + <p><b>Dampnáble</b>, <i>adj.</i> damnable, VI. 60.</p> <p><b>Dampne</b>, <i>v.</i> condemn, II. 630; <i>pr. s.</i> II. 224; <i>pp.</i> damned, I. i. 7. 55; condemned, VIII. 276.</p> @@ -37597,9 +37560,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Delated</b>; see <b>Debated</b>.</p> - <p><b>Délectable</b>, <i>adj.</i> delightful, XXI. 72.</p> + <p><b>Délectable</b>, <i>adj.</i> delightful, XXI. 72.</p> - <p><b>Délitable</b>, <i>adj.</i> delightful, VIII. 122.</p> + <p><b>Délitable</b>, <i>adj.</i> delightful, VIII. 122.</p> <p><b>Deliver</b>, <i>adj.</i> nimble, VIII. 164.</p> @@ -37706,7 +37669,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Dewe</b>, <i>s.</i> due; <i>of dewe</i>, duly, XXIV. 1397.</p> - <p><b>Dewetè</b>, <i>s.</i> duty, due course, IV. 232.</p> + <p><b>Dewetè</b>, <i>s.</i> duty, due course, IV. 232.</p> <p><b>Deydest</b>, <i>2 pt. s.</i> didst die, were to die, I. i. 9. 65; <i>pt. s.</i> died, VII. 102.</p> @@ -37936,11 +37899,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Drowry</b>, <i>s.</i> love-token, XVII. 583.</p> - <p><b>Dualitè</b>, <i>s.</i> duality, doubleness, I. ii. 13. 30.</p> + <p><b>Dualitè</b>, <i>s.</i> duality, doubleness, I. ii. 13. 30.</p> <p><b>Duchees</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> duchies, V. 333.</p> - <p><b>Duëtee</b>, <i>s.</i> duty, VI. 38; IX. 5, 106.</p> + <p><b>Duëtee</b>, <i>s.</i> duty, VI. 38; IX. 5, 106.</p> <p><b>Duleful</b>, <i>adj.</i> grievous, XVII. 309.</p> @@ -37965,7 +37928,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Dys</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> dice, XIII. 74.</p> - <p><b>Dytè</b>, <i>s.</i> ditty, song, poem, VIII. 606; IX. 268; XVII. + <p><b>Dytè</b>, <i>s.</i> ditty, song, poem, VIII. 606; IX. 268; XVII. 1.</p> <p> </p> @@ -38296,7 +38259,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Falsen</b>, <i>ger.</i> to deceive, V. 307; <i>pt. s.</i> gave way, failed, I. ii. 8. 127; was false to, I. i. 2. 92.</p> - <p><b>Falsetè</b>, <i>s.</i> falsehood, I. ii. 3. 57; <i>pl.</i> I. ii. + <p><b>Falsetè</b>, <i>s.</i> falsehood, I. ii. 3. 57; <i>pl.</i> I. ii. 1. 73.</p> <p><b>Falsheed</b>, <i>s.</i> falsehood, I. iii. 6. 127.</p> @@ -38644,7 +38607,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Fra</b>, <i>adv.</i> from, XVII. 7; from the time that, as soon as, XVII. 101.</p> - <p><b>Fraternitè</b>, <i>s.</i> fraternity, III. 246.</p> + <p><b>Fraternitè</b>, <i>s.</i> fraternity, III. 246.</p> <p><b>Fraunchyse</b>, <i>s.</i> freedom, XVI. 236, 364; liberality, XVI. 422; privileged place, VIII. 273.</p> @@ -39098,7 +39061,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Sc. <i>dude</i>, do it (Jamieson).</p> <p><b>Heklit</b>, <i>pp.</i> drawn forward over, XVII. 244. Cf. Icel. - <i>hekla</i>, <i>hökull</i>.</p> + <i>hekla</i>, <i>hökull</i>.</p> <p><b>Helde</b>, <i>v.</i> hold, II. 704; Helden, <i>3 pr. s. subj.</i> might hold, XXIV. 347 (ungrammatical).</p> @@ -39271,7 +39234,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Hors-harneys</b>, <i>s.</i> horse-trappings, XX. 218, 226, 237.</p> - <p><b>Hospítall</b>, <i>s.</i> hospital, XVII. 382.</p> + <p><b>HospÃtall</b>, <i>s.</i> hospital, XVII. 382.</p> <p><b>Hostel</b>, <i>s.</i> lodging, I. i. 2. 57.</p> @@ -39333,7 +39296,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Imperfite</b>, <i>adj.</i> imperfect, III. 186, 199.</p> - <p><b>Importáble</b>, <i>adj.</i> unbearable, I. i. 1. 108; V. 26.</p> + <p><b>Importáble</b>, <i>adj.</i> unbearable, I. i. 1. 108; V. 26.</p> <p><b>Impossible</b>, <i>s.</i> a thing impossible, I. ii. 4. 152; Impossible, VII. 12.</p> @@ -39349,7 +39312,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Inclose</b>, <i>pp.</i> included, I. iii. 4. 164.</p> - <p><b>Incommoditè</b>, <i>s.</i> inconvenience, I. iii. 8. 141.</p> + <p><b>Incommoditè</b>, <i>s.</i> inconvenience, I. iii. 8. 141.</p> <p><b>Inconvenience</b>, <i>s.</i> unfitness, I. iii. 4. 139; mistake, I. ii. 4. 153.</p> @@ -39399,7 +39362,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Input</b>, <i>pp.</i> placed in, implanted, I. ii. 2. 120.</p> - <p><b>Inseër</b>, <i>s.</i> investigator, looker into, I. iii. 1. 141; I. + <p><b>Inseër</b>, <i>s.</i> investigator, looker into, I. iii. 1. 141; I. iii. 9. 91; reader, I. iii. 1. 25; <i>pl.</i> I. ii. 1. 103.</p> <p><b>Insight</b>, <i>s.</i> perception, I. ii. 6. 96.</p> @@ -39487,7 +39450,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Justificacion</b>, <i>s.</i> justification, I. ii. 13. 88.</p> - <p><b>Juventè</b>, <i>s.</i> youth, VII. 11.</p> + <p><b>Juventè</b>, <i>s.</i> youth, VII. 11.</p> <p><b>Juyse</b>, <i>s.</i> penalty, XVI. 622.</p> @@ -39578,7 +39541,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Laced</b>, <i>pp.</i> bound, I. i. 3. 144.</p> <p><b>Lache</b>, <i>2 pr. s. subj.</i> loosen (it), let go, <i>or - perhaps</i>, turn coward, relax, I. ii. 14. 83. F. <i>lâcher</i>.</p> + perhaps</i>, turn coward, relax, I. ii. 14. 83. F. <i>lâcher</i>.</p> <p><b>Lacke</b>, <i>v.</i> fail, III. 222.</p> @@ -39645,7 +39608,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Laughande</b>, <i>pres. pt.</i> laughing, I. i. 1. 47.</p> - <p><b>Laundë</b>, <i>s.</i> glade, VIII. 120; XVIII. 61.</p> + <p><b>Laundë</b>, <i>s.</i> glade, VIII. 120; XVIII. 61.</p> <p><b>Laureat</b>, <i>adj.</i> made of laurel, X. 68.</p> @@ -39894,7 +39857,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Lodesterre</b>, <i>s.</i> lode-star, guiding star, XVI. 257.</p> - <p><b>Loënge</b>, <i>s.</i> praise, IV. 371.</p> + <p><b>Loënge</b>, <i>s.</i> praise, IV. 371.</p> <p><b>Logge</b>, <i>s.</i> lodge, VIII. 585.</p> @@ -40105,13 +40068,13 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Mater</b>, <i>s.</i> matter, I. iii. 9. 85.</p> - <p><b>Maugrè</b>, <i>prep.</i> in spite of, II. 886; V. 232; <i>m. + <p><b>Maugrè</b>, <i>prep.</i> in spite of, II. 886; V. 232; <i>m. me</i>, in spite of myself, unwillingly, I. iii. 3. 114.</p> - <p><b>Maugrè</b>, <i>s.</i> ill will, XVI. 240; Maugree, dislike, V. 376; + <p><b>Maugrè</b>, <i>s.</i> ill will, XVI. 240; Maugree, dislike, V. 376; displeasure, I. ii. 6. 53.</p> - <p><b>Maundëments</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> commandments, II. 633.</p> + <p><b>Maundëments</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> commandments, II. 633.</p> <p><b>Mavis</b>, <i>s.</i> thrush, XVII. 430; XXIV. 798.</p> @@ -40158,7 +40121,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Meedful</b>, <i>adj.</i> meritorious, III. 178.</p> <p><b>Mees</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> dwellings, houses, V. 334. O.F. <i>mes</i>, - <i>meis</i>, <i>meix</i>, 'ferme ... habitation, démeure'; Godefroy.</p> + <i>meis</i>, <i>meix</i>, 'ferme ... habitation, démeure'; Godefroy.</p> <p><b>Meid</b>, <i>s.</i> reward, recompense, XVII. 277.</p> @@ -40200,7 +40163,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Mes</b>, <i>s.</i> dish, course of meats, XVI. 154.</p> - <p><b>Meschauncë</b>, <i>s.</i> misfortune, VII. 179.</p> + <p><b>Meschauncë</b>, <i>s.</i> misfortune, VII. 179.</p> <p><b>Mescreaunce</b>, <i>s.</i> unbelief, VI. 50.</p> @@ -40363,7 +40326,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Mote</b>, <i>pr. s. subj.</i> may, II. 60; V. 111.</p> - <p><b>Motlë</b>, <i>s.</i> motley, VIII. 72.</p> + <p><b>Motlë</b>, <i>s.</i> motley, VIII. 72.</p> <p><b>Mouche</b>, <i>pr. pl.</i> sneak about, II. 947.</p> @@ -40560,7 +40523,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Nyce</b>, <i>adj.</i> foolish, V. 148; VII. 14; XVIII. 13; Nyse, I. i. 4. 55.</p> - <p><b>Nycetè</b>, <i>s.</i> folly, I. iii. 4. 257.</p> + <p><b>Nycetè</b>, <i>s.</i> folly, I. iii. 4. 257.</p> <p><b>Nye-bore</b>, <i>s.</i> neighbour, I. ii. 9. 144.</p> @@ -40803,11 +40766,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Parcel</b>, <i>s.</i> part, portion, I. i. 10. 32; <i>as adv.</i> in part, VIII. 224.</p> - <p><b>Pardè</b>, pardieu, XX. 47; XXI. 753.</p> + <p><b>Pardè</b>, pardieu, XX. 47; XXI. 753.</p> <p><b>Pardurable</b>, <i>adj.</i> everlasting, I. ii. 8. 87.</p> - <p><b>Parfytë</b>, <i>adj. fem.</i> perfect, IV. 316.</p> + <p><b>Parfytë</b>, <i>adj. fem.</i> perfect, IV. 316.</p> <p><b>Parishens</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> parishioners, II. 767; III. 114.</p> @@ -40850,7 +40813,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Pay</b>, <i>s.</i> satisfaction; <i>her to pay</i>, for a satisfaction to her, VIII. 536.</p> - <p><b>Payën</b>, <i>adj.</i> pagan, IV. 45; <i>s. pl.</i> IV. 183.</p> + <p><b>Payën</b>, <i>adj.</i> pagan, IV. 45; <i>s. pl.</i> IV. 183.</p> <p><b>Paynims</b>, <i>pl. adj.</i> pagan, I. ii. 1. 49; <i>s. pl.</i> I. ii. 1. 46.</p> @@ -40917,7 +40880,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Perse</b>, <i>pr. pl.</i> pierce, XXIV. 940.</p> - <p><b>Perséver</b>, <i>v.</i> persevere, IX. 174.</p> + <p><b>Perséver</b>, <i>v.</i> persevere, IX. 174.</p> <p><b>Personage</b>, <i>s.</i> dignity, title, II. 269, 723; titles, II. 953. See note to II. 723, p. 465.</p> @@ -40959,11 +40922,11 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Piscyne</b>, <i>s.</i> fish-pool, X. 134.</p> - <p><b>Pitous</b>, <i>adj.</i> merciful, IV. 345; Pitousë, <i>fem.</i> + <p><b>Pitous</b>, <i>adj.</i> merciful, IV. 345; Pitousë, <i>fem.</i> piteous, V. 23. <!-- Page 586 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page586"></a>[586]</span></p> - <p><b>Pittë</b>, <i>s.</i> pit, well, VIII. 92.</p> + <p><b>Pittë</b>, <i>s.</i> pit, well, VIII. 92.</p> <p><b>Plain</b>, <i>adj.</i> open, true, XIII. 39.</p> @@ -41043,7 +41006,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Post</b>, <i>s.</i> support, XXIV. 1189.</p> - <p><b>Posterioritè</b>, <i>s.</i> being behind, I. iii. 4. 166.</p> + <p><b>Posterioritè</b>, <i>s.</i> being behind, I. iii. 4. 166.</p> <p><b>Pothecairis</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> apothecaries, XVII. 248.</p> @@ -41112,8 +41075,8 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Prime face</b>, first look; <i>at the p. f.</i>, primā facie, I. i. 6. 57.</p> - <p><b>Principalitè</b>, <i>s.</i> rule, I. i. 9. 47; <span - class="nw">-altè,</span> dominion, I. ii. 3. 12.</p> + <p><b>Principalitè</b>, <i>s.</i> rule, I. i. 9. 47; <span + class="nw">-altè,</span> dominion, I. ii. 3. 12.</p> <p><b>Print</b>, <i>s.</i> impression, XVI. 477.</p> @@ -41145,7 +41108,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Proper</b>, <i>s.</i> personal property, III. 190.</p> - <p><b>Propinquitè</b>, <i>s.</i> nearness of kin, I. ii. 2. 101.</p> + <p><b>Propinquitè</b>, <i>s.</i> nearness of kin, I. ii. 2. 101.</p> <p><b>Proporcions</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> suppositions, I. iii. 3. 19. (<i>Probably for</i> propositions.)</p> @@ -41188,7 +41151,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Punical</b>, <i>adj.</i> Punic, X. 121. See Pome.</p> - <p><b>Punisshëment</b>, <i>s.</i> punishment, V. 467; <i>pl.</i> II. + <p><b>Punisshëment</b>, <i>s.</i> punishment, V. 467; <i>pl.</i> II. 520.</p> <p><b>Purchace</b>, <i>s.</i> earning (it), obtaining (it), XVI. 322; @@ -41348,9 +41311,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Rayle</b>, <i>s.</i> rail, bar, XXI. 42. See note.</p> - <p><b>Rëalmes</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> kingdoms, I. ii. 7. 23, 33.</p> + <p><b>Rëalmes</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> kingdoms, I. ii. 7. 23, 33.</p> - <p><b>Rebél</b>, <i>adj.</i> rebellious, XVI. 656.</p> + <p><b>Rebél</b>, <i>adj.</i> rebellious, XVI. 656.</p> <p><b>Recche</b>, <i>v.</i> reck, care, I. iii. 2. 68; III. 332; <i>pr. s. subj.</i> I. ii. 7. 63; <i>pr. s.</i> I. iii. 6. 118.</p> @@ -41428,7 +41391,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Rekes</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> ricks, I. i. <i>pr.</i> 100.</p> - <p><b>Relees</b>, <i>s.</i> release, VIII. 332; Réles, VIII. 20.</p> + <p><b>Relees</b>, <i>s.</i> release, VIII. 332; Réles, VIII. 20.</p> <p><b>Relesse</b>, <i>v.</i> relax, XXIV. 1014.</p> @@ -41448,7 +41411,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Remeid</b>, <i>v.</i> remedy, cure, XVII. 473.</p> - <p><b>Remënant</b>, <i>s.</i> rest, V. 163.</p> + <p><b>Remënant</b>, <i>s.</i> rest, V. 163.</p> <p><b>Remes</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> realms, V. 333; X. 117.</p> @@ -41466,7 +41429,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Renne</b>, <i>ger.</i> to run, I. i. 1. 107; <i>pr. pl.</i> X. 64; <i>pres. pt.</i> running, variable, VIII. 458.</p> - <p><b>Renomè</b>, <i>s.</i> renown, fame, I. ii. 4. 21; XI. 93.</p> + <p><b>Renomè</b>, <i>s.</i> renown, fame, I. ii. 4. 21; XI. 93.</p> <p><b>Renommed</b>, <i>pp.</i> renowned, XVI. 756.</p> @@ -41510,7 +41473,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Repugneth</b>, <i>pr. s.</i> opposes, I. iii. 2 158.</p> - <p><b>Requestë</b>, <i>s.</i> request (trisyllabic), IV. 27 (not + <p><b>Requestë</b>, <i>s.</i> request (trisyllabic), IV. 27 (not <i>request</i>, as in the text); <i>withoute r.</i>, unintentionally, XVI. 122.</p> @@ -41640,7 +41603,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Rore</b>, <i>s.</i> tumult, I. i. 6. 150.</p> - <p><b>Rosë-flour</b>, <i>s.</i> rose, II. 752.</p> + <p><b>Rosë-flour</b>, <i>s.</i> rose, II. 752.</p> <p><b>Rosen</b>, <i>adj.</i> rosy, VIII. 656.</p> @@ -42159,7 +42122,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Sonde</b>, <i>s.</i> sending, ordinance, IV. 84.</p> - <p><b>Sonë</b>, <i>s.</i> son, V. 5.</p> + <p><b>Sonë</b>, <i>s.</i> son, V. 5.</p> <p><b>Songe</b>, <i>pp.</i> sung, III. 95.</p> @@ -42184,7 +42147,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Sotell-persing</b>, <i>adj.</i> subtly piercing, XXIV. 768.</p> - <p><b>Soteltè</b>, <i>s.</i> subtlety, XVI. 619.</p> + <p><b>Soteltè</b>, <i>s.</i> subtlety, XVI. 619.</p> <p><b>Soth</b>, <i>s.</i> truth, II. 171.</p> @@ -42206,7 +42169,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Souled</b>, <i>pp.</i> conferred on the soul, I. iii. 1. 15.</p> - <p><b>Soulë-hele</b>, <i>s.</i> health of the soul, salvation, II. + <p><b>Soulë-hele</b>, <i>s.</i> health of the soul, salvation, II. 1193.</p> <p><b>Soun</b>, <i>s.</i> sound, VIII. 200.</p> @@ -42215,7 +42178,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Sounde</b>, <i>ger.</i> to heal, VIII. 292.</p> - <p><b>Soupë</b>, <i>v.</i> sup, II. 1096; <i>ger.</i> XX. 417.</p> + <p><b>Soupë</b>, <i>v.</i> sup, II. 1096; <i>ger.</i> XX. 417.</p> <p><b>Souple</b>, <i>adj.</i> supple, weak, II. 58.</p> @@ -42664,7 +42627,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Tenetz</b>, <i>s.</i> tennis, IV. 295. See note.</p> - <p><b>T'enprintë</b>, to imprint, VII. 131.</p> + <p><b>T'enprintë</b>, to imprint, VII. 131.</p> <p><b>Terme</b>, <i>s.</i> term, appointed age, I. iii. 4. 112; <i>t. of my lyf</i>, for all my lifetime, XVIII. 289. <!-- Page 596 --><span @@ -43159,7 +43122,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> i. 2. 163. <!-- Page 599 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page599"></a>[599]</span></p> - <p><b>Veluët</b>, <i>s.</i> velvet, VIII. 80; XX. 233; Veluet, XX. 141, + <p><b>Veluët</b>, <i>s.</i> velvet, VIII. 80; XX. 233; Veluet, XX. 141, 261.</p> <p><b>Vengeable</b>, <i>adj.</i> revengeful, I. ii. 11. 92; II. 805.</p> @@ -43185,7 +43148,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Very</b>, <i>adv.</i> extremely, XX. 10, 35; very, XX. 409; XXI. 479.</p> - <p><b>Vestëment</b>, <i>s.</i> vestment, II. 278, 934.</p> + <p><b>Vestëment</b>, <i>s.</i> vestment, II. 278, 934.</p> <p><b>Viage</b>, <i>s.</i> voyage, journey, I. i. 5. 84; IV. 57; XXI. 46.</p> @@ -43211,7 +43174,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Voluntarious</b>, <i>adj.</i> voluntary, free, I. ii. 8. 116.</p> - <p><b>Voluntè</b>, <i>s.</i> free will, VIII. 299.</p> + <p><b>Voluntè</b>, <i>s.</i> free will, VIII. 299.</p> <p><b>Voluptuously</b>, <i>adv.</i> luxuriously, I. ii. 10. 18.</p> @@ -43743,7 +43706,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Ye</b>, yea, I. i. 7. 34.</p> - <p><b>Yë</b>, <i>s.</i> eye, IX. 124.</p> + <p><b>Yë</b>, <i>s.</i> eye, IX. 124.</p> <p><b>Yede</b>, <i>1 pt. s.</i> went, VIII. 120; <i>pt. s.</i> I. i. 10. 111; XX. 54; <i>pt. pl.</i> XX. 295, 301.</p> @@ -43875,7 +43838,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Y-tyed</b>, <i>pp.</i> tied, V. 226.</p> - <p><b>Yvè-lefe</b>, <i>s.</i> ivy-leaf, I. iii. 7. 50.</p> + <p><b>Yvè-lefe</b>, <i>s.</i> ivy-leaf, I. iii. 7. 50.</p> <p><b>Yuel-spekers</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> evil-speakers, I. i. 9. 6.</p> @@ -43990,7 +43953,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Canacee</b>, IX. 206.</p> - <p><b>Cartágë</b>, Carthage, V. 311; XXIV. 231.</p> + <p><b>Cartágë</b>, Carthage, V. 311; XXIV. 231.</p> <p><b>Cassodore</b>, Cassiodorus, IV. 330.</p> @@ -44009,7 +43972,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Cipryde</b>, Venus, IX. 20. (<i>Venus and Cipryde</i>, Venus and the Cyprian goddess, really one and the same.)</p> - <p><b>Citharea</b>, Venus, XXIV. 50, 556; Cithera, V. 5; Citherè, XXIV. + <p><b>Citharea</b>, Venus, XXIV. 50, 556; Cithera, V. 5; Citherè, XXIV. 1178.</p> <p><b>Citharee</b>, Cythera, <i>but an error for</i> Cithaeron, XXIV. 49. @@ -44041,7 +44004,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Dalida</b>, Delilah, XIII. 83; XXIV. 538.</p> - <p><b>Dane</b>, Danaë, I. i. 5. 8; XXIV. 824.</p> + <p><b>Dane</b>, Danaë, I. i. 5. 8; XXIV. 824.</p> <p><b>Daphne</b>, VIII. 64.</p> @@ -44078,7 +44041,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Englissh</b>, English, I. iii. 4. 249.</p> - <p><b>Englond</b>, England, XXIV. 1226; Engëlond, IV. 358.</p> + <p><b>Englond</b>, England, XXIV. 1226; Engëlond, IV. 358.</p> <p><b>Eoy</b>, Eous, XVII. 212.</p> @@ -44187,7 +44150,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Joseph</b>, X. 138.</p> - <p><b>Josuë</b>, Joshua, IV. 282; XII. 88.</p> + <p><b>Josuë</b>, Joshua, IV. 282; XII. 88.</p> <p><b>Jove</b>, Jupiter, XXIV. 94, 820; Jovis, I. ii. 9. 167.</p> @@ -44270,7 +44233,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Niobe</b>, VIII. 178.</p> - <p><b>Noe</b>, Noah, I. i. 8. 56; Noës, <i>gen.</i> I. i. 7. 83; I. ii. + <p><b>Noe</b>, Noah, I. i. 8. 56; Noës, <i>gen.</i> I. i. 7. 83; I. ii. 2. 108.</p> <p><b>Normandes</b>, <i>s. pl.</i> Normans', I. ii. 7. 19.</p> @@ -44297,7 +44260,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Paulyn</b>, Paulinus, I. iii. 2. 19, 21. See note.</p> - <p><b>Pegacè</b>, <i>s.</i> Pegasus, VIII. 92.</p> + <p><b>Pegacè</b>, <i>s.</i> Pegasus, VIII. 92.</p> <p><b>Penelope</b>, IX. 203; XII. 113.</p> @@ -44305,7 +44268,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Pernaso</b>, <i>s.</i> Parnassus, VIII. 93.</p> - <p><b>Peros</b>, Pyroëis, XVII. 215.</p> + <p><b>Peros</b>, Pyroëis, XVII. 215.</p> <p><b>Peter</b>, II. 365, 443; <i>gen.</i> II. 66.</p> @@ -44381,7 +44344,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><b>Septembre</b>, September, XXI. 1.</p> - <p><b>Siloë</b>, Siloam, I. ii. 14. 40.</p> + <p><b>Siloë</b>, Siloam, I. ii. 14. 40.</p> <p><b>Silvester</b>, pope, IV. 346.</p> @@ -44480,14 +44443,14 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <div class="stanza"> <p>Cardinal Virtues, <a href="#page479">479</a>.</p> <p>Chaucer's death alluded to, <a href="#page510">510</a>.</p> - <p>Chaucer's Boëthius, alluded to, <a href="#page451">451</a>, <a href="#page453">453</a>-<a href="#page454">4</a>, <a href="#page457">457</a>-<a href="#page458">8</a>, <a href="#page461">461</a>-<a href="#page463">3</a>, <a href="#page466">466</a>-<a href="#page476">76</a>, <a href="#page481">481</a>-<a href="#page483">3</a>.</p> + <p>Chaucer's Boëthius, alluded to, <a href="#page451">451</a>, <a href="#page453">453</a>-<a href="#page454">4</a>, <a href="#page457">457</a>-<a href="#page458">8</a>, <a href="#page461">461</a>-<a href="#page463">3</a>, <a href="#page466">466</a>-<a href="#page476">76</a>, <a href="#page481">481</a>-<a href="#page483">3</a>.</p> <p>— Anelida, <a href="#page537">537</a>, <a href="#page543">543</a>.</p> <p>— Book of the Duchess, <a href="#page473">473</a>, <a href="#page530">530</a>.</p> <p>— Canterbury Tales, <a href="#page456">456</a>, <a href="#page503">503</a>, &c.</p> <p>— Compleynt of Venus, <a href="#page548">548</a>-<a href="#page549">9</a>.</p> <p>— House of Fame, imitated, <a href="#page467">467</a>-<a href="#page468">8</a>.</p> <p>— Legend of Good Women, <a href="#page452">452</a>, <a href="#page467">467</a>, <a href="#page483">483</a>, <a href="#page500">500</a>-<a href="#page501">1</a>, <a href="#page537">537</a>, <a href="#page542">542</a>-<a href="#page543">3</a>, <a href="#page547">547</a>.</p> - <p>— Merciless Beautè, <a href="#page513">513</a>.</p> + <p>— Merciless Beautè, <a href="#page513">513</a>.</p> <p>— Rom. of the Rose, <a href="#page456">456</a>-<a href="#page457">7</a>, <a href="#page504">504</a>-<a href="#page506">6</a>, <a href="#page545">545</a>, <a href="#page549">549</a>, <a href="#page551">551</a>.</p> <p>— Troilus, <a href="#page452">452</a>, <a href="#page455">455</a>, <a href="#page457">457</a>, <a href="#page459">459</a>, <a href="#page472">472</a>, <a href="#page481">481</a>-<a href="#page483">3</a>, <a href="#page521">521</a>-<a href="#page523">3</a>, <a href="#page525">525</a>, <a href="#page551">551</a>.</p> <p>Christine de Pisan, <a href="#page499">499</a>.</p> @@ -44650,12 +44613,12 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><span class="sc">Besant, Sir Walter</span>, Hampstead, London, N.W.</p> <p><span class="sc">Bevan, G. L.</span>, Esq., London, W.</p> <p><span class="sc">Bibliotheek van de Rijks-Universiteit te Groningen.</span></p> - <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque Albert-Dumont</span>, Paris.</p> - <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'École Normale Supérieure.</span></p> - <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'Université de Bordeaux.</span></p> - <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'Université de Paris.</span></p> - <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'Université de Poitiers.</span></p> - <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque Nationale</span>, Paris.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque Albert-Dumont</span>, Paris.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'École Normale Supérieure.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'Université de Bordeaux.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'Université de Paris.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque de l'Université de Poitiers.</span></p> + <p><span class="sc">Bibliothèque Nationale</span>, Paris.</p> <p><span class="sc">Bickers & Son</span>, Booksellers, London, W.C. (<i>thirty copies</i>).</p> <p><span class="sc">Billson, C. J.</span>, Esq., M.A., Leicester.</p> <p><span class="sc">Bilsland, William</span>, Esq., Glasgow.</p> @@ -44823,9 +44786,9 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><span class="sc">Ellershaw</span>, Rev. H., M.A., Durham.</p> <p><span class="sc">Elliot, Andrew</span>, Bookseller, Edinburgh.</p> <p><span class="sc">Ellis, F. S.</span>, Esq., Torquay.</p> - <p><span class="sc">Englisches Seminar der Universität</span>, Grätz, Austria.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Englisches Seminar der Universität</span>, Grätz, Austria.</p> <!-- Page 615 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page615"></a>[615]</span> - <p><span class="sc">Englisches Seminar der Universität</span>, Strassburg.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Englisches Seminar der Universität</span>, Strassburg.</p> <p><span class="sc">Evans, H. A.</span>, Esq., Chorlton-cum-Hardy, Manchester.</p> <p><span class="sc">Everard, C. H.</span>, Esq., East Grinstead.</p> <p><span class="sc">Exeter College</span>, Oxford, The Rev. the <span class="sc">Rector of</span>.</p> @@ -44849,7 +44812,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><span class="sc">Fletcher, Charles E.</span>, Esq., Maidstone.</p> <p><span class="sc">Flower, Wickham</span>, Esq., London, S.W.</p> <p><span class="sc">Ford</span>, Hon. W. C., Washington, D.C., U.S.A.</p> - <p><span class="sc">Förster</span>, Prof. Dr. <span class="sc">Max</span>, University, Bonn.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Förster</span>, Prof. Dr. <span class="sc">Max</span>, University, Bonn.</p> <p><span class="sc">Foster</span>, Prof. <span class="sc">Gregory</span>, London, W.</p> <p><span class="sc">Fowler, H. W.</span>, Esq., Sedbergh.</p> <p><span class="sc">Fox</span>, Mrs. <span class="sc">Hamilton</span>, Keston, Kent.</p> @@ -44932,7 +44895,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><span class="sc">Hirschfeld Bros.</span>, Booksellers, London, E.C.</p> <p><span class="sc">Hitchman, John</span>, Bookseller, Birmingham.</p> <p><span class="sc">Hodgson, T. T.</span>, Esq.</p> - <p><span class="sc">Hölder, A.</span>, Esq., Vienna.</p> + <p><span class="sc">Hölder, A.</span>, Esq., Vienna.</p> <p><span class="sc">Hollingworth</span>, Miss, London, W.</p> <p><span class="sc">Hollins, F.</span>, Esq., Eastbourne.</p> <p><span class="sc">Holmes, Timothy</span>, Esq., London, W.</p> @@ -45316,7 +45279,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><span class="sc">University Library</span>, Edinburgh.</p> <p><span class="sc">University Library</span>, Glasgow.</p> <p><span class="sc">University Library</span>, Sydney.</p> - <p><span class="sc">University Library</span>, Tübingen.</p> + <p><span class="sc">University Library</span>, Tübingen.</p> <!-- Page 627 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page627"></a>[627]</span> <p><span class="sc">University Library</span>, Utrecht.</p> <p><span class="sc">University of Colorado</span>, Boulder, U.S.A.</p> @@ -45513,7 +45476,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> <p><a name="Nt_25" href="#NtA_25">[25]</a> Hence F. 148, 'As gret-e perl-es, round and orient,' reappears in A. 528 without the final - <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>, in the form: 'With gret' perlés, + <i><span class="nw">-e</span></i>, in the form: 'With gret' perlés, <i>ful</i> fyne and orient.'</p> <p><a name="Nt_26" href="#NtA_26">[26]</a> The examples of <i>trewly</i> @@ -45534,7 +45497,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> Bohn's Library, i. 214.</p> <p><a name="Nt_33" href="#NtA_33">[33]</a> A piece entitled 'De Duodecim - Abusivis' is one of three pieces appended to Ælfric's Lives of the Saints + Abusivis' is one of three pieces appended to Ælfric's Lives of the Saints in MS. Julius E. 7.</p> <p><a name="Nt_34" href="#NtA_34">[34]</a> No. 61 is The Storie of @@ -45548,7 +45511,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> professed to accept Tyrwhitt's canon, this piece was omitted; but it was revived once more by Bell.</p> - <p><a name="Nt_37" href="#NtA_37">[37]</a> See The Athenæum, Nov. 4, + <p><a name="Nt_37" href="#NtA_37">[37]</a> See The Athenæum, Nov. 4, 1876; The Academy, June 3, 1878; Aug. 3, 1878.</p> <p><a name="Nt_38" href="#NtA_38">[38]</a> My remark upon the Trinity MS. @@ -45559,7 +45522,7 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> seventeenth has been cut out and the last three are blank; and this quire is quite distinct from the rest as regards the date of the writing, which is considerably later than 1500, and exhibits a marked change. There are - two <i>lacunæ</i> in the poem, one after l. 1022, and another after l. + two <i>lacunæ</i> in the poem, one after l. 1022, and another after l. 1316; probably six stanzas are lost in each case, owing to the loss of the two corresponding leaves in the original from which the existing copy was made.</p> @@ -45599,384 +45562,6 @@ Of double worstede y-dyȝt (228).</td> </div> - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Chaucerian and Other Pieces, edited by Walter Skeat - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHAUCERIAN AND OTHER PIECES *** - -***** This file should be named 43195-h.htm or 43195-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/3/1/9/43195/ - -Produced by Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, -set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to -copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to -protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project -Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you -charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you -do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the -rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose -such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and -research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do -practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is -subject to the trademark license, especially commercial -redistribution. - - - -*** START: FULL LICENSE *** - -THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE -PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK - -To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free -distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work -(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project -Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project -Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at -http://gutenberg.org/license). - - -Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic works - -1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to -and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property -(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all -the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy -all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. -If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the -terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or -entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. - -1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be -used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who -agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few -things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works -even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See -paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement -and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. See paragraph 1.E below. - -1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" -or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the -collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an -individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are -located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from -copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative -works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg -are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project -Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by -freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of -this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with -the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by -keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project -Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. - -1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern -what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in -a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check -the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement -before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or -creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project -Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning -the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United -States. - -1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: - -1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate -access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently -whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the -phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project -Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, -copied or distributed: - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - -1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived -from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is -posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied -and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees -or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work -with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the -work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 -through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the -Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or -1.E.9. - -1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted -with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution -must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional -terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked -to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the -permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. - -1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this -work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. - -1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this -electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without -prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with -active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project -Gutenberg-tm License. - -1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, -compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any -word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or -distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than -"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version -posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), -you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a -copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon -request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other -form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm -License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. - -1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, -performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works -unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. - -1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing -access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided -that - -- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from - the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method - you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is - owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he - has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the - Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments - must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you - prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax - returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and - sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the - address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to - the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." - -- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies - you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he - does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm - License. You must require such a user to return or - destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium - and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of - Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any - money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the - electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days - of receipt of the work. - -- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free - distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. - -1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm -electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set -forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from -both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael -Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the -Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. - -1.F. - -1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable -effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread -public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm -collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain -"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or -corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual -property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a -computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by -your equipment. - -1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right -of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project -Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all -liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal -fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT -LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE -PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE -TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE -LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR -INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH -DAMAGE. - -1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a -defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can -receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a -written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you -received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with -your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with -the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a -refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity -providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to -receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy -is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further -opportunities to fix the problem. - -1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth -in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER -WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO -WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. - -1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied -warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. -If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the -law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be -interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by -the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any -provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. - -1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the -trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone -providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance -with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, -promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, -harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, -that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do -or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm -work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any -Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. - - -Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm - -Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of -electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers -including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists -because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from -people in all walks of life. - -Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the -assistance they need, are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's -goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will -remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project -Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure -and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. -To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation -and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 -and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org. - - -Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive -Foundation - -The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit -501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the -state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal -Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification -number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at -http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent -permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. - -The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. -Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered -throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at -809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email -business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact -information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official -page at http://pglaf.org - -For additional contact information: - Dr. Gregory B. Newby - Chief Executive and Director - gbnewby@pglaf.org - - -Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg -Literary Archive Foundation - -Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide -spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of -increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be -freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest -array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations -($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt -status with the IRS. - -The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating -charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United -States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a -considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up -with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations -where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To -SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any -particular state visit http://pglaf.org - -While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we -have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition -against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who -approach us with offers to donate. - -International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make -any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from -outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. - -Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation -methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other -ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. -To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate - - -Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic -works. - -Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm -concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared -with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project -Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. - - -Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed -editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. -unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - http://www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. - - -</pre> - +<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 43195 ***</div> </body> </html> |