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| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-07 19:48:52 -0800 |
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diff --git a/43043-h/43043-h.htm b/43043-h/43043-h.htm index d2e993e..ec3e82b 100644 --- a/43043-h/43043-h.htm +++ b/43043-h/43043-h.htm @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> The Project Gutenberg eBook of George Eliot's Life, Vol. I, arranged and @@ -182,47 +182,7 @@ padding-right: .5em;} </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -Project Gutenberg's George Eliot's Life, Vol. I (of 3), by George Eliot - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: George Eliot's Life, Vol. I (of 3) - as related in her Letters and Journals - -Author: George Eliot - -Editor: J. W. Cross - -Release Date: June 29, 2013 [EBook #43043] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEORGE ELIOT'S LIFE, VOL. I (OF 3) *** - - - - -Produced by Juliet Sutherland, Andrew Templeton, JoAnn -Greenwood and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 43043 ***</div> <div class="transnote"><p class="center">Transcriber's Note:</p> <p>This is Volume I of a three volume set:</p> @@ -1086,7 +1046,7 @@ were agreeing in disparagement of some of the books that the rising generation take their pleasure in, and she recalled the dearth of child-literature in her own home, and her passionate delight and total absorption -in Æsop's Fables (given to her by the aforesaid old +in Æsop's Fables (given to her by the aforesaid old gentleman), the possession of which had opened new worlds to her imagination. Mr. Burne Jones particularly remembers how she laughed till the tears ran @@ -1693,7 +1653,7 @@ Lewis, second causes. That your time and energies should be expended in ministering to the petty interests of those far beneath you in all that is really elevating is -about as <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bienséant</i> as that I should set fire to a goodly +about as <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bienséant</i> as that I should set fire to a goodly volume to light a match by! I have had a very unsettled life lately—Michaelmas, with its onerous duties and anxieties, much company (for us) and little reading, @@ -1976,7 +1936,7 @@ cannot, I say, help being modified by the ideas that pass through our minds. We hardly wish to lay claim to such elasticity as retains no impress. We are active beings too. We are each one of the <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">dramatis -personæ</i> in some play on the stage of life; +personæ</i> in some play on the stage of life; hence our actions have their share in the effects of our reading. As to the discipline our minds receive from the perusal of fictions, I can conceive none that @@ -2355,7 +2315,7 @@ likely to be seen by you, I want to know your opinion of them. Mine is this: that they are sure to have a powerful influence on the minds of small readers and shallow thinkers, as, from the simplicity and clearness -with which the author, by his <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">beau-idéal</i> characters, +with which the author, by his <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">beau-idéal</i> characters, enunciates his sentiments, they furnish a magazine of easily wielded weapons for <i>morning-calling</i> and <i>evening-party</i> controversialists, as well as that really honest @@ -2774,14 +2734,14 @@ eloquence, which leaves you no time or strength for a cold estimate of the writer's strict merits. I wish I could read some extracts to you. Isaac Taylor's work is not yet complete. When it is so, I hope to reperuse -it. Since I wrote to you I have had Aimé Martin's -work, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">L'Education des Mères</span>," lent to me, and I +it. Since I wrote to you I have had Aimé Martin's +work, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">L'Education des Mères</span>," lent to me, and I have found it to be the real Greece whence "Woman's Mission" has only imported to us a few marbles—but! Martin is a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soi-disant</i> rational Christian, if I mistake him not. I send you an epitaph which he mentions on a tomb in Paris—that of a mother: "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Dors -en paix, O ma mère, ton fils t'obeira toujours</span>." I am +en paix, O ma mère, ton fils t'obeira toujours</span>." I am reading eclectically Mrs. Hemans's poems, and venture to recommend to your perusal, if unknown to you, one of the longest ones—"The Forest Sanctuary." I can @@ -2866,7 +2826,7 @@ waiting for the fourth and last as any voracious novel-reader for Bulwer's last. I am afraid I am getting <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> quite martial in my spirit, and, in the warmth of -my sympathy for Turenne and Condé, losing my hatred +my sympathy for Turenne and Condé, losing my hatred of war. Such a conflict between <em>individual</em> and <em>moral</em> influence is no novelty. But certainly war, though the heaviest scourge with which the divine wrath against @@ -2927,8 +2887,8 @@ Cash's impression of its effect—Determination not to feed on the broth of literature—Visit to Birmingham to hear the "Messiah"—Reading Schiller's "Maria Stuart," and Tasso—Translation of German poem—Depression of surroundings at Griff—Reading -Harris's "Great Teacher," Aimé Martin's "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">L'Education des -Mères</span>," and Mrs. Hemans's Poems—Selling furniture at new +Harris's "Great Teacher," Aimé Martin's "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">L'Education des +Mères</span>," and Mrs. Hemans's Poems—Selling furniture at new house—Sewing—Reading "Life and Times of Louis XIV."—Removal to Foleshill road, Coventry.</p></blockquote> @@ -2992,7 +2952,7 @@ dearest friends are being tutored—tried in the most dangerous way—by prosperity. Solomon says, "In the day of prosperity be joyful, but in the day of adversity consider." It seems to me that a transposition, -<i>vice versâ</i>, of the admonitions would be equally +<i>vice versâ</i>, of the admonitions would be equally salutary and just. Truly, as the prophet of Selwyn has told us, "Heaven is formidable in its favors." Not that a wise and grateful reception of blessings @@ -3056,7 +3016,7 @@ have been like the little waves of the brooks that look so lovely just now—they have arisen one after another close to my side, but when I have looked back I have found the ripples too insignificant to be -marked in the distance. My father's longer <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">séjours</i> at +marked in the distance. My father's longer <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">séjours</i> at home than formerly, and multiplied acquaintances and engagements, are really valid excuses for me hitherto, but I do not intend to need them in future; @@ -3357,7 +3317,7 @@ been sincere—the author thinks it necessary to suppose a certain nucleus of fact, and this he finds in the disappearance of the body of Jesus, a point attested by all the four evangelists. The secret of this disappearance -probably lay with Joseph of Arimathæa and +probably lay with Joseph of Arimathæa and Nicodemus, who were anxious to avoid implicating themselves with that fermentation of regretful enthusiasm to which a resort of the disciples to the grave @@ -3464,7 +3424,7 @@ from himself.... An Englishman, a merchant, a man of the world, he possesses, both by nature and by training, the practical insight, the sure tact, which lays hold on realities. The solution of problems over which the -German flutters with many circuits of learned formulæ, +German flutters with many circuits of learned formulæ, our English author often succeeds in seizing at one spring.... To the learned he often presents things under a surprisingly new aspect; to the unlearned, invariably @@ -4397,7 +4357,7 @@ work in the fire and begin again.</p> difficulty in getting in the cash subscriptions for the publication. Mr. Charles Hennell and Mr. Joseph Parkes, however, exerted themselves in the matter, -and £300 was collected, and the following letter +and £300 was collected, and the following letter shows the relief it was to Miss Evans:</p></blockquote> <div class="sidenote">Letter to @@ -4868,8 +4828,8 @@ of Strauss's "Leben Jesu"—Excursion with Brays to the Cumberland lakes, returning by Manchester and Liverpool—Weary of Strauss—Letter to Mrs. Bray—Poetry of Christianity—Admiration of Harriet Martineau's "The Crofton Boys"—Trip to London—Despair -about publication of Strauss—Subscription of £300 -for the work—In better heart—Minutiæ of Strauss translation—Pains +about publication of Strauss—Subscription of £300 +for the work—In better heart—Minutiæ of Strauss translation—Pains taken with the <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Schluss Abhandlung</i>—Opinion of Strauss's work—The book in print—Trip to the Highlands—Strauss difficulties—Miss Hennell reads the translation and makes suggestions—Suffering @@ -4944,7 +4904,7 @@ It is only rather too great a bore to have to write to my friends when I am half asleep, and I have not yet reached that pitch of amiability that makes such magnanimity easy. Don't bring us any bad news -or any pains, but only nods and becks and wreathèd +or any pains, but only nods and becks and wreathèd smiles.</p> <blockquote><p>They stayed in London till the 5th June, and on @@ -4978,7 +4938,7 @@ Such things are to be got handsome and second-hand in London—if one knew but the way. I want to complete Xenophon's works. I have the "Anabasis," and I might, perhaps, get a nice edition of the "Memorabilia" -and "Cyropædia" in a cheaper way than by ordering +and "Cyropædia" in a cheaper way than by ordering them directly from our own bookseller. I have been reading the "Fawn of Sertorius."<a name="FNanchor_21_21" id="FNanchor_21_21"></a><a href="#Footnote_21_21" class="fnanchor">[21]</a> @@ -5299,7 +5259,7 @@ in my own conduct at the present time by far higher considerations, and by a nobler idea of duty, than I ever was while I held the evangelical beliefs.' When, at length, after my brother's -year's residence at the Hallé University (in 1842-43), +year's residence at the Hallé University (in 1842-43), my own mind having been much exercised in the matter of religion, I felt the moral difficulties press heavily on my conscience, and my whole @@ -5664,7 +5624,7 @@ kept apart until they have sufficiently developed their idiosyncrasies, and then some great revolutionary force has been called into action, by which the genius of a particular nation becomes a portion of the common -mind of humanity. Looking at the matter æsthetically, +mind of humanity. Looking at the matter æsthetically, our idea of beauty is never formed on the characteristics of a single race. I confess the types of the pure races, however handsome, always impress me disagreeably; @@ -5761,8 +5721,8 @@ J. Sibree, beginning of 1848.</div> -<p>I have tired myself with trying to write cleverly, <i>invitâ -Minervâ</i>, and having in vain endeavored to refresh +<p>I have tired myself with trying to write cleverly, <i>invitâ +Minervâ</i>, and having in vain endeavored to refresh myself by turning over Lavater's queer sketches of physiognomies, and still queerer judgments on them, it is a happy thought of mine that I have a virtuous @@ -5775,18 +5735,18 @@ of human sorrow.</p> <div class="poem"><div class="stanza" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> <span class="i0">"Le bonheur et le malheur,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Nous viennent du même auteur,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Voilà la <i>ressemblance</i>.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Nous viennent du même auteur,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Voilà la <i>ressemblance</i>.<br /></span> <span class="i0">Le bonheur nous rend heureux,<br /></span> <span class="i0">Et le malheur malheureux,<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Voilà la différence."<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Voilà la différence."<br /></span> </div></div> <p>Ah, here comes a cup of coffee to console me! When I have taken it I will tell you what George Sand says: "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Sais tu bien que tout est dit devant Dieu et devant -les hommes quand l'homme infortuné demande compte -de ses maux et qu'il obtient cette réponse? Qu'y a-t-il +les hommes quand l'homme infortuné demande compte +de ses maux et qu'il obtient cette réponse? Qu'y a-t-il de plus? Rien.</span>" But I am not a mocking pen, and if I were talking to you instead of writing, you would detect some falsity in the ring of my voice. Alas! @@ -5855,7 +5815,7 @@ Feb 1848.</div> <p>Write and tell you that I join you in your happiness about the French Revolution? Very fine, my good friend. If I made you wait for a letter as long as you -do me, our little <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">échantillon</i> of a millennium would be +do me, our little <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">échantillon</i> of a millennium would be over, Satan would be let loose again, and I should have to share your humiliation instead of your triumph.</p> @@ -6215,8 +6175,8 @@ God-like; the other half—the side of deeds and institutions—with a hard, old, wrinkled skin puckered into the sneer of a Mephistopheles. I worship the man who has written as the climax of his appeal against society, -"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">L'inegalité des talents <i>doit aboutir</i> non à l'inegalité -des retributions mais à l'inegalité des devoirs</span>." You +"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">L'inegalité des talents <i>doit aboutir</i> non à l'inegalité +des retributions mais à l'inegalité des devoirs</span>." You will wonder what has wrought me up into this fury. It is the loathsome fawning, the transparent hypocrisy, the systematic giving as little as possible for as much @@ -6279,8 +6239,8 @@ Emerson day—was spent, for I have a swimming head from hanging over the desk to write business letters for father. Have you seen the review of Strauss's pamphlet in the <cite>Edinburgh</cite>? The title is "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Der Romantiker -auf dem Throne der Cäsaren, oder Julian -der Abtrünnige</span>"—a sort of erudite satire on the King +auf dem Throne der Cäsaren, oder Julian +der Abtrünnige</span>"—a sort of erudite satire on the King of Prussia; but the reviewer pronounces it to have a permanent value quite apart from this fugitive interest. The "Romantiker," or Romanticist, is one who, in literature, @@ -6523,7 +6483,7 @@ is preternatural. Fernande and Jacques are merely the feminine and the masculine nature, and their early married life an every-day tragedy; but I will not dilate on the book or on your criticism, for I am so sleepy -that I should write nothing but <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bêtises</i>. I have at last +that I should write nothing but <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bêtises</i>. I have at last the most delightful "<span lang="la" xml:lang="la">De imitatione Christi</span>," with quaint woodcuts. One breathes a cool air as of cloisters in the book—it makes one long to be a saint for a few @@ -6542,7 +6502,7 @@ he be not a fallen 'son of the morning.'"</p> <blockquote><p>The paper was sent to Mr. Froude, and on 23d March Mrs. Bray writes to Miss Hennell: "Last night at dusk M. A. came running in in high glee -with a most charming note from Froude, naïvely +with a most charming note from Froude, naïvely and prettily requesting her to reveal herself. He says he recognized her hand in the review in the <cite>Coventry Herald</cite>, and if she thinks him a fallen @@ -6577,7 +6537,7 @@ no deeds as an adequate compensation for the frigid, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[146]</a></span> glassy eye and hard, indifferent tones of one's very solid and sensible and conscientious friend. You will -wonder of what this is <i>à propos</i>—only of a little bitterness +wonder of what this is <i>à propos</i>—only of a little bitterness in my own soul just at this moment, and not of anything between you and me. I have nothing to tell you, for all the "haps" of my life are so indifferent. @@ -6588,7 +6548,7 @@ ever. It is a consciousness of this that has kept me from writing to you. My letters would be a sort of hermit's diary. I have so liked the thought of your enjoying the "Nemesis of Faith." I quote Keats's -sonnet, <i>à propos</i> of that book. It has made me feel—</p> +sonnet, <i>à propos</i> of that book. It has made me feel—</p> <div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> <span class="i6">"Like some watcher of the skies<br /></span> @@ -6715,7 +6675,7 @@ translation published—Visit to Dover with father—Classical books wanted—Pleasure in Strauss's letter—Brays suspect novel-writing—Letters to Miss Sara Hennell—Good spirits—Wicksteed's review of the Strauss translation—Reading Foster's life—Visit -to Griff—Child's view of God (<i>à propos</i> of Miss Hennell's +to Griff—Child's view of God (<i>à propos</i> of Miss Hennell's "Heliados")—Visit to London—"Elijah"—Likes London less—The Sibree family and Mrs. John Cash's reminiscences—Letter to Miss Mary Sibree—Letters to Miss Sara Hennell—Mental @@ -6774,7 +6734,7 @@ months were quietly and peacefully happy. The Plongeon, which stands on a slight eminence a few hundred yards back from the road on the route d'Hermance, some ten minutes' walk -from the Hôtel Métropole. From the Hôtel National +from the Hôtel Métropole. From the Hôtel National on the Quai de Mont Blanc one catches a pleasant glimpse of it nestling among its trees. A good-sized, gleaming white house, with a centre, @@ -6859,7 +6819,7 @@ St. Germains are delightful people—the marquise really seems to me the most charming person I ever saw, with kindness enough to make the ultra-politeness of her manners quite genuine. She is very good to me, -and says of me, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Je m'interesse vivement à mademoiselle.</span>" +and says of me, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Je m'interesse vivement à mademoiselle.</span>" The marquis is the most well-bred, harmless of men. He talks very little—every sentence seems a terrible gestation, and comes forth <i>fortissimo</i>; but he @@ -6907,8 +6867,8 @@ of Jesus being blinked as usual. preachers, M. Meunier. His sermon was really eloquent—all written down, but delivered with so much energy and feeling that you never thought of -the book. It is curious to notice how patriotism—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">dévouement -à la patrie</i>—is put in the sermons as the +the book. It is curious to notice how patriotism—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">dévouement +à la patrie</i>—is put in the sermons as the first of virtues, even before devotion to the Church. We never hear of it in England after we leave school. The good marquis goes with his family and servants, @@ -6957,10 +6917,10 @@ and Protestant; and it is a real refreshment to talk with her for half an hour. The dear marquise is a truly devout Catholic. It is beautiful to hear her speak of the comfort she has in the confessional—for -our <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">têtes-à-tête</i> have lately turned on religious matters. +our <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">têtes-à -tête</i> have lately turned on religious matters. She says I am in a "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">mauvaise voie sous le rapport de -la religion. Peut être vous vous marierez, et le mariage, -chère amie, sans la foi religieuse!</span>..." She +la religion. Peut être vous vous marierez, et le mariage, +chère amie, sans la foi religieuse!</span>..." She says I have isolated myself by my studies—that I am too cold and have too little confidence in the feelings of others towards me—that I do not believe how deep @@ -6968,7 +6928,7 @@ an interest she has conceived in my lot. She says Signor Goldrini (the young Italian who was here for a week) told her, when he had been talking to me one evening, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Vous aimerez cette demoiselle, j'en suis -sûr</span>"—and she has found his prediction true. They +sûr</span>"—and she has found his prediction true. They are leaving for their own country on Wednesday. She hopes I shall go to Italy and see her; and when I tell her that I have no faith that she will remember me @@ -6977,9 +6937,9 @@ ever I should go to Italy again, she shakes her head at my incredulity. She was born at Genoa. Her father was three years Sardinian Minister at Constantinople before she was married, and she speaks with enthusiasm -of her life there—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'est là le pays de la vraie</span> +of her life there—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'est là le pays de la vraie</span> <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[156]</a></span> -<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">poésie ou l'on sent ce que c'est que de vivre par le +<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">poésie ou l'on sent ce que c'est que de vivre par le cœur.</span>" M. de H—— is returned from Monte Rosa. He would be a nice person if he had another soul added to the one he has by nature—the soul that @@ -7042,8 +7002,8 @@ somewhat the effect of mesmerism or chloroform. I feel sometimes as if I were sinking into an agreeable state of numbness, on the verge of unconsciousness, and seem to want well pinching to rouse me. The -other day (Sunday) there was a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fête</i> held on the lake—the -<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fête</i> of Navigation. I went out, with some other +other day (Sunday) there was a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fête</i> held on the lake—the +<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fête</i> of Navigation. I went out, with some other ladies, in M. de H——'s boat, at sunset, and had the richest draught of beauty. All the boats of Geneva turned out in their best attire. When the moon and @@ -7151,12 +7111,12 @@ quite settled that I cannot stay at Plongeon; I must move into town. But, alas! I must pay fr. 200 per month. If I were there I should see more conversable people than here. Do you think any one would buy -my "Encyclopædia Britannica" at half-price, and my +my "Encyclopædia Britannica" at half-price, and my globes? If so, I should not be afraid of exceeding my means, and I should have a little money to pay for my piano, and for some lessons of different kinds that -I want to take. The "Encyclopædia" is the last edition, -and cost £42, and the globes £8 10<i>s.</i> I shall never +I want to take. The "Encyclopædia" is the last edition, +and cost £42, and the globes £8 10<i>s.</i> I shall never have anywhere to put them, so it is folly to keep them, if any one will buy them. No one else has written to me, though I have written to almost all. I would @@ -7259,7 +7219,7 @@ opinion of her charity than her penetration.</p> <p>Dear creatures! no one is so good as you yet. I have not yet found any one who can bear comparison -with you; not in kindness to me—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">ça va sans dire</i>—but +with you; not in kindness to me—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">ça va sans dire</i>—but in solidity of mind and in expansion of feeling. This is a very coarse thing to say, but it came to the end of my pen, and <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">litera scripta manet</i>—at least, when it @@ -7322,7 +7282,7 @@ fr. 150 per month, light included. M. and Mme. d'Albert are middle-aged, musical, and, I am told, have <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">beaucoup d'esprit</i>. I hope this will not exceed my means for four or five months. There is a nice, -large <i>salon</i> and a good <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">salle à manger</i>. I am told that +large <i>salon</i> and a good <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">salle à manger</i>. I am told that <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[165]</a></span> their society is very good. Mme. de Ludwigsdorff was about going there a year ago, and it was she who recommended @@ -7377,8 +7337,8 @@ without knowing whether they effect anything, but who do really effect much good, simply by their calm and even <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">maintien</i>. I laugh to hear her say in a tone of remonstrance—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Mme. de Ludwigsdorff dit qu'elle -s'ennuie quand les soirées sont longues: moi, je ne -conçois pas comment on peut s'ennuyer quand on a +s'ennuie quand les soirées sont longues: moi, je ne +conçois pas comment on peut s'ennuyer quand on a de l'ouvrage ou des jeux ou de la conversation.</span>" When people who are dressing elegantly and driving about to make calls every day of their life have been telling @@ -7422,7 +7382,7 @@ I have gone into the <i>salon</i> and chatted until bedtime. It would really have been a pity to have stayed at Plongeon, out of reach of everything, and with people so little worth talking to. I have not found out -the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">desagrémens</i> here yet. It is raining horribly, but +the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">desagrémens</i> here yet. It is raining horribly, but this just saves me from the regret I should have felt at having quitted the chestnuts of Plongeon. That <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">campagne</i> looked splendid in its autumn dress.</p> @@ -7431,7 +7391,7 @@ looked splendid in its autumn dress.</p> and love for M. d'Albert Durade to the end of her life that it seems fitting here to mention that he still lives, carrying well the weight of eighty winters. -He is <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">conservateur</i> of the Athénée—a permanent +He is <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">conservateur</i> of the Athénée—a permanent exhibition of works of art in Geneva; and he published only last year (1883) a French translation of the "Scenes of Clerical Life," having already @@ -7446,7 +7406,7 @@ that George Eliot kept up a faithful attachment to her to the end. They were both friends after her own heart. The old apartment is now No. 18, instead of No. 107, Rue des Chanoines, and is occupied -as the printing-office of the <cite>Journal de Genève</cite>. +as the printing-office of the <cite>Journal de Genève</cite>. But half of the rooms remain just as they were five-and-thirty years ago. The <i>salon</i>, wainscoted in imitation light-oak panels, with a white China stove, @@ -7486,13 +7446,13 @@ paint things too agreeably for the sake of giving you <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[169]</a></span> pleasure. I assure you my letters are subjectively true; the falsehood, if there be any, is in my manner of -seeing things. But I will give you some <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">vérités positives</i>, +seeing things. But I will give you some <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">vérités positives</i>, in which, alas! poor imagination has hitherto been able to do little for the world. Mme. d'Albert anticipates all my wants, and makes a spoiled child of me. I like these dear people better and better—everything is so in harmony with one's moral feeling that I really can -almost say I never enjoyed a more complete <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bien être</i> +almost say I never enjoyed a more complete <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bien être</i> in my life than during the last fortnight. For M. d'Albert, I love him already as if he were father and brother both. His face is rather haggard-looking, but @@ -7569,15 +7529,15 @@ the Brays, 1849.</div> <p>We have had some delicious autumn days here. If -the fine weather last, I am going up the Salève on +the fine weather last, I am going up the Salève on Sunday with M. d'Albert. On one side I shall have a magnificent view of the lake, the town, and the Jura; on the other, the range of Mont Blanc. The walks about Geneva are perfectly enchanting. "Ah!" says poor Mlle. de Phaisan, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">nous avons un beau pays si nous n'avions pas ces Radicaux!</span>" The election of -the Conseil d'État is to take place in November, and -an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">émeute</i> is expected. The actual government is +the Conseil d'État is to take place in November, and +an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">émeute</i> is expected. The actual government is Radical, and thoroughly detested by all the "respectable" classes. The vice-president of the Conseil and the virtual head of the government is an unprincipled, @@ -7726,7 +7686,7 @@ of agreeables, and say I am contented, Mr. Bray writes me word that you are all trying to forget me. If I were to tell you of disagreeables and privations and sadness, Sara would write: "If you are unhappy -now, you will be so <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">à fortiori</i> ten years hence." Now, +now, you will be so <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">à fortiori</i> ten years hence." Now, since I have a decided objection to doses sent by post which upset one's digestion for a fortnight, I am determined to give you no pretext for sending them. @@ -7747,7 +7707,7 @@ even unamiable people when death calls for them, much more good souls like him. I am glad he had had one more pleasant visit to Cara for her to think of. Dear Sara's letter is very charming—not at all -physicky—rather an agreeable draught of <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">vin sucré</i>. +physicky—rather an agreeable draught of <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">vin sucré</i>. Dear Mr. Hennell, we shall never look upon his like.</p> <p>I am attending a course of lectures on Experimental @@ -7843,10 +7803,10 @@ truth while one is in bondage to the flesh in this way; but, alas! habit is the purgatory in which we suffer for our past sins. I hear much music. We have a reunion of musical friends every Monday. For the rest, -I have refused <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirées</i>, which are as stupid and unprofitable +I have refused <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirées</i>, which are as stupid and unprofitable at Geneva as in England. I save all more interesting details, that I may have them to tell you when -I am with you. I am going now to a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">séance</i> on Experimental +I am with you. I am going now to a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">séance</i> on Experimental Physics by the celebrated Professor de la Rive. This letter will at least convince you that I am not eaten up by wolves, as they have been fearing at @@ -7877,10 +7837,10 @@ if one cannot have a malady to carry one off rapidly, the only sensible thing is to get well and fat; and I believe I shall be driven to that alternative. You know that George Sand writes for the theatre? -Her "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">François le Champi—une Comédie</span>," is simplicity +Her "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">François le Champi—une Comédie</span>," is simplicity and purity itself. The seven devils are cast out. We are going to have more acting here on Wednesday. -M. Chamel's talent makes maman's <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirées</i> quite +M. Chamel's talent makes maman's <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirées</i> quite brilliant. You will be amused to hear that I am sitting for my portrait—at M. d'Albert's request, not mine. If it turns out well, I shall long to steal it to @@ -7907,11 +7867,11 @@ in the Church, and I am fortunate in being here at a time when the very cleverest is giving a series of conferences. I think I have never told you that we have a long German lad of seventeen in the house—the most -taciturn and awkward of lads. He said very naïvely, +taciturn and awkward of lads. He said very naïvely, when I reproached him for not talking to a German -young lady at a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i>, when he was seated next her at +young lady at a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i>, when he was seated next her at table—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Je ne savais que faire de mes jambes</span>." They -had placed the poor <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">garçon</i> against one of those card-tables—all +had placed the poor <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">garçon</i> against one of those card-tables—all legs, like himself.</p> <div class="sidenote">Letter to @@ -7949,7 +7909,7 @@ in our talk, up to the end of her life.</p></blockquote> Plongeon—Letters to Brays describing surroundings—Mrs. Locke—The St. Germain family—Anxiety about her boxes with books, etc.—Hears M. Meunier preach—Patriotism the first of -virtues—Mme. Cornelius—Mme. de Ludwigsdorff—"<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Fête</i> of Navigation" +virtues—Mme. Cornelius—Mme. de Ludwigsdorff—"<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Fête</i> of Navigation" on the lake—Demand for letters—Prophetic anticipation of position seven years later—Wishes to sell some of her books and globes to get music lessons—Letter to Mrs. Houghton—Loss @@ -8354,7 +8314,7 @@ Hennell, <p>All the world is doing its <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">devoir</i> to the great little authoress (Miss Bremer). I went to the exhibition on Saturday to hear the final "God save the Queen" and -the three times three—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'êtait un beau moment.</span>" +the three times three—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'êtait un beau moment.</span>" Mr. Greg thought the review "well done, and in a kindly spirit," but thought there was not much in it—dreadfully true, since there was only all his book. I @@ -8378,7 +8338,7 @@ Hennell, <p>I wish you could see Miss Bremer's albums, full of portraits, flowers, and landscapes, all done by herself. A portrait of Emerson, marvellously like; one of Jenny -Lind, etc. Last night we had quite a charming <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i>—Sir +Lind, etc. Last night we had quite a charming <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i>—Sir David Brewster and his daughter; Mackay, author of a work on popular education you may remember to have seen reviewed in the <cite>Leader</cite>; the Ellises, the @@ -8481,7 +8441,7 @@ we have been stagnating since Monday, and now I must work, work, work, which I have scarcely done two days consecutively since I have been here. Lewes says his article on "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Julia von -Krüdener</span>"<a name="FNanchor_34_34" id="FNanchor_34_34"></a><a href="#Footnote_34_34" class="fnanchor">[34]</a> +Krüdener</span>"<a name="FNanchor_34_34" id="FNanchor_34_34"></a><a href="#Footnote_34_34" class="fnanchor">[34]</a> will be glorious. He sat in the same box with us at the "Merry Wives of Windsor," and helped to carry off the @@ -8545,14 +8505,14 @@ for her powers and industry, and should be glad to think highly of her. I have no doubt that she is fascinating when there is time for talk. We have had two <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span> -agreeable <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirées</i>. Last Monday I was talking and +agreeable <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirées</i>. Last Monday I was talking and listening for two hours to Pierre Leroux—a dreamy genius. He was expounding to me his ideas. He belongs neither to the school of Proudhon, which represents Liberty only—nor to that of Louis Blanc, which represents Equality only—nor to that of Cabet, which represents Fraternity. Pierre Leroux's system is the -<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">synthèse</i> which combines all three. He has found the +<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">synthèse</i> which combines all three. He has found the true <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">pont</i> which is to unite the love of self with love of one's neighbor. He is, you know, a very voluminous writer. George Sand has dedicated some of her @@ -8563,11 +8523,11 @@ of the Essenes</i>. This is Leroux's favorite idea. I told him of your brother. He, moreover, traces Essenism back to Egypt, and thence to India—the cradle of all religions, etc., etc., with much more, which he uttered -with an unction rather amusing in a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée tête-à-tête</i>. +with an unction rather amusing in a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée tête-à -tête</i>. "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Est ce que nous sommes faits pour chercher le bonheur? -Est ce là votre idée—dites moi." "Mais non—nous -sommes faits, je pense, pour nous développer le -plus possible." "Ah! c'est ça.</span>" He is in utter poverty, +Est ce là votre idée—dites moi." "Mais non—nous +sommes faits, je pense, pour nous développer le +plus possible." "Ah! c'est ça.</span>" He is in utter poverty, going to lecture—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">autrement il faut mourir</i>. Has a wife and children with him. He came to London in his early days, when he was twenty-five, to find work @@ -8644,7 +8604,7 @@ ill, and feel very much shattered. We (Miss Evans and Miss Sara Hennell) dined yesterday at Mrs. Peter Taylor's,<a name="FNanchor_38_38" id="FNanchor_38_38"></a><a href="#Footnote_38_38" class="fnanchor">[38]</a> at Sydenham. I was not fit to go, especially -to make my <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">début</i> at a strange place; but the country +to make my <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">début</i> at a strange place; but the country air was a temptation. The thick of the work is just beginning, and I am bound in honor not to run away from it, as I have shirked all labor but what is strictly @@ -8826,7 +8786,7 @@ the Brays, <p>Grote is very friendly, and has propitiated J. S. Mill, who will write for us when we want him. We had -quite a brilliant <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i> yesterday evening. W. R. Greg, +quite a brilliant <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i> yesterday evening. W. R. Greg, Forster (of Rawdon), Francis Newman, the Ellises, and Louis Blanc, were the stars of greatest magnitude. I had a pleasant talk with Greg and Forster. Greg @@ -8842,7 +8802,7 @@ people. Miss Pugh, an elderly lady, is a great abolitionist, and was one of the Women's Convention that came to England in 1840, and was not allowed to join the Men's Convention. But I suppose -we shall soon be able to say, <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">nous avons changé tout +we shall soon be able to say, <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">nous avons changé tout cela</i>.</p> <p>I went to the opera on Saturday—"I Martiri," at @@ -8917,7 +8877,7 @@ to the boast that the retail booksellers <em>recommended</em> the works of less known authors—"for which limited sale we are doubtless indebted to the kind recommendation of our friends, the retail booksellers"—whereupon -these worthies, taking it for a <i>bonâ fide</i> +these worthies, taking it for a <i>bonâ fide</i> compliment, cheered enthusiastically. Dr. Lankester, Prof. Newman, Robert Bell, and others, spoke well. Owen has a tremendous head, and looked, as he was, @@ -9525,7 +9485,7 @@ fog, the time would trot pleasantly withal, but of what use are brains and friends when one lives in a light such as might be got in the chimney? "Esmond" is the most uncomfortable book you can imagine. You -remember how you disliked "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">François le Champi</span>." +remember how you disliked "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">François le Champi</span>." Well, the story of "Esmond" is just the same. The hero is in love with the daughter all through the book, and marries the mother at the end. You should read @@ -9754,7 +9714,7 @@ in the world.</p> <p>Francis Newman is likely to come once or twice in the season; not more. He has, of course, a multitude of engagements, and many more attractive ones than a -<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i> in the Strand.</p> +<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i> in the Strand.</p> <p>Never mention me to him in the character of editress. I think—at least, I am told—that he has no high @@ -9792,7 +9752,7 @@ huge, uncleared forests, and its unamalgamated races.</p> is Harriet Martineau's. Herbert Spencer did <em>not</em> contribute to the last number.</p> -<p><i>À propos</i> of articles, do you see the <cite>Prospective Review</cite>? +<p><i>À propos</i> of articles, do you see the <cite>Prospective Review</cite>? There is an admirable critique of Kingsley's "Phaethon" in it, by James Martineau. But perhaps you may not be as much in love with Kingsley's genius, @@ -9935,7 +9895,7 @@ Mrs. Bray, 16th April, 1853.</div> -<p>We had an agreeable <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i> last Wednesday. I fell +<p>We had an agreeable <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">soirée</i> last Wednesday. I fell in love with Helen Faucit. She is the most poetic woman I have seen for a long time; there is the ineffable charm of a fine character which makes itself felt in @@ -10001,7 +9961,7 @@ view. The bright weather and genial air—so different from what I have had for a year before—make me feel as happy and stupid as a well-conditioned cow. I sit looking at the sea and the sleepy ships with a purely -animal <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bien être</i>.</p> +animal <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bien être</i>.</p> <div class="sidenote">Letter to Mr. Bray, @@ -10043,7 +10003,7 @@ very glorious, and myself a particularly fortunate <i>diavolessa</i>. The landlord of my lodgings is a German, comes from Saxe-Weimar, knows well the Duchess of Orleans, and talked to me this morning of <em>Mr.</em> Schiller -and <em>Mr.</em> Goethe. <i>À propos</i> of Goethe, there is a most +and <em>Mr.</em> Goethe. <i>À propos</i> of Goethe, there is a most true, discriminating passage about him in the article on Shakespeare in the <cite>Prospective</cite>. <em>Mr.</em> Goethe is one of my companions here, and I had felt some days before @@ -10246,7 +10206,7 @@ Mr. Bray, 8th Nov. 1853.</div> -<p>Hitherto I have been spending £9 per month—at +<p>Hitherto I have been spending £9 per month—at least after that rate—but I have had frequent guests. I am exceedingly comfortable, and feel quite at home now. Harriet Martineau has been very kind—called @@ -10264,8 +10224,8 @@ Hennell, birthday).</div> <p>I begin this year more happily than I have done -most years of my life. "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Notre vraie destinée</span>," says -Comte, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">se compose de <i>resignation</i> et <i>d'activité</i></span>"—and +most years of my life. "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Notre vraie destinée</span>," says +Comte, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">se compose de <i>resignation</i> et <i>d'activité</i></span>"—and I seem more disposed to both than I have ever been before. Let us hope that we shall both get stronger by the year's activity—calmer by its resignation. I know @@ -10375,7 +10335,7 @@ till the end of May, and shall only dismiss them to make material for new ones. I dare say you will pity me. But, as one of Balzac's characters says, after maturity, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">La vie n'est que l'exercice d'une habitude -dans un milieu préféré</span>;" and I could no more live +dans un milieu préféré</span>;" and I could no more live out of my <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">milieu</i> than the haddocks I dare say you are often having for dinner.</p> @@ -10461,7 +10421,7 @@ This is no high-flown sentimentality, but a simple reflection, which I find useful to me every day. I expect to see Mr. Lewes back again to-day. His poor head—his only fortune—is not well yet; and he has had the -misery of being <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">ennuyé</i> with idleness, without perceiving +misery of being <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">ennuyé</i> with idleness, without perceiving the compensating physical improvement. Still, I hope the good he has been getting has been greater than <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[233]</a></span> @@ -10784,7 +10744,7 @@ dressing, on a garden that reminded one of an English village: the town is more like a huge village, or market-town, than the precincts of a court.</p> -<p>G. called on Schöll, and in the afternoon he (Schöll) +<p>G. called on Schöll, and in the afternoon he (Schöll) came and took us to the <i>Schloss</i>, where we saw the Dichter Zimmer—a suite of rooms dedicated to Goethe, Schiller, and Wieland. In each room there is the bust @@ -10793,7 +10753,7 @@ of the Goethe and Schiller rooms are decorated with frescoes representing scenes from their works. The Wieland room is decorated with arabesques only. The idea of these rooms is a very pretty one, but the frescoes -are badly executed. I am delighted with Schöll. +are badly executed. I am delighted with Schöll. He is a bright-looking, well-made man, with his head finely set on his shoulders, very little like a German. We discovered, after we had known him some time, @@ -10806,7 +10766,7 @@ director of the gymnasium, and editor of a series of classics which are being brought out; and he is evidently <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_241" id="Page_241">[241]</a></span> thought a great deal of in Weimar. We went -with the Schölls and Sauppes to Tiefurt, and saw the +with the Schölls and Sauppes to Tiefurt, and saw the queer little <i>Schloss</i> which used to be Amalia's residence. Tiefurt was a favorite resort of ours, for the walk to it is a very pleasant one, and the Tiefurt park @@ -10827,7 +10787,7 @@ of private theatricals and <i>sprees</i> in the Goethe days. We carried provisions with us, and Keats's poems. The morning was one of the brightest and hottest that August ever bestowed, and it required some resolution to -trudge along the shadeless <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">chaussée</i>, which formed the +trudge along the shadeless <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">chaussée</i>, which formed the first two or three miles of our way. One compensating pleasure was the sight of the beautiful mountain ashes in full berry, which, alternately with cherry-trees, @@ -10843,7 +10803,7 @@ hanging from the ceiling. We felt how much beauty <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_242" id="Page_242">[242]</a></span> might be procured at small expense in looking at these things. A beautiful walk through a beech wood took -us to the <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Mooshütte</i>, before which stands the beech +us to the <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Mooshütte</i>, before which stands the beech whereon Goethe and his friends cut their names, and from which Goethe denounced Waldemar. We could recognize some of the initials. With Ettersburg I shall @@ -10885,9 +10845,9 @@ wonderful lines, written by his own hand, near the window-frame:</p> <span class="i0">"Ueber allen Gipfeln<br /></span> <span class="i0">Ist Ruh,<br /></span> <span class="i0">In allen Wipfeln<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Spürest du<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Spürest du<br /></span> <span class="i0">Kaum einen Hauch;<br /></span> -<span class="i0">Die Vögelein schweigen im Walde.<br /></span> +<span class="i0">Die Vögelein schweigen im Walde.<br /></span> <span class="i0">Warte nur, balde<br /></span> <span class="i0">Ruhest du auch."<br /></span> </div></div> @@ -10909,13 +10869,13 @@ dwelt on fatiguingly. Without feeling competent to pass a judgment on this opera as music, one may venture to say that it fails in one grand requisite of art, based on an unchangeable element in human nature—the -need for contrast. With the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Fliegender Holländer</span>" +need for contrast. With the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Fliegender Holländer</span>" I was delighted; the poem and the music -were alike charming. The "Tannhäuser," too, created +were alike charming. The "Tannhäuser," too, created in me a great desire to hear it again. Many of the situations, and much of the music, struck me as remarkably fine. And I appreciated these operas all the -better retrospectively when we saw "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Der Freischütz</span>," +better retrospectively when we saw "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Der Freischütz</span>," <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_244" id="Page_244">[244]</a></span> which I had never before heard and seen on the stage. The effect of the delicious music, with which one is so @@ -10926,13 +10886,13 @@ ridiculous, sung at a little pot-house table at a party of <em>two</em>, one of whom was sunk in melancholy; and the absurdity reached a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">ne plus ultra</i> when Caspar climbed the tree, apparently with the sole purpose of being shot. -<i>À propos</i> of the theatre, we were immensely amused to +<i>À propos</i> of the theatre, we were immensely amused to learn that a fair, small-featured man, who somehow always looked to me as if he had just come out of the shell, had come to Weimar to fit himself for a dramatic writer by going behind the scenes! He had as yet written nothing, but was going to work in what he considered -a <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">gründlich</i> way.</p> +a <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">gründlich</i> way.</p> <p>When we passed along the Schiller Strasse, I used to be very much thrilled by the inscription, "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Hier @@ -10961,7 +10921,7 @@ niches, and broad staircase. The latter was made after his own design, and was an "after-shine" of Italian tastes. The pictures are wretched, the casts not much better—indeed, I remember nothing which seemed intrinsically -worth looking at. The MS. of his "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Römische +worth looking at. The MS. of his "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Römische Elegien</span>," written by himself in the Italian character, is to be seen here; and one likes to look at it better than at most of the other things. G. had obtained @@ -11028,7 +10988,7 @@ From this little height we looked on the plantations of the park, in their autumnal coloring, the town, with its steep-roofed church and its castle tower, colored a gay green, the line of chestnuts along the Belvedere -Chaussée, and Belvedere itself peeping from +Chaussée, and Belvedere itself peeping from its nest of trees.</p> <p>Another very favorite walk of mine was the <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Webicht</i>, @@ -11052,15 +11012,15 @@ itself under the trees, and making the road before us almost crimson.</p> <p>One of our pleasantest acquaintances at Weimar -was the French ambassador, the Marquis de Ferrière, a +was the French ambassador, the Marquis de Ferrière, a very favorable specimen of a Frenchman, but intensely French. His genial soul and perfect good-humor gave -one the same sort of <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bien-être</i> as a well-stuffed arm-chair +one the same sort of <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">bien-être</i> as a well-stuffed arm-chair and a warm hearthrug. In the course of conversation, speaking of Yvan's accounts of his travels (the marquis was first secretary to the Chinese embassy -which Yvan accompanied), he said, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'était faux d'un -bout à l'autre; mais c'était spirituel, paradoxal, amusant—enfin</span> +which Yvan accompanied), he said, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'était faux d'un +bout à l'autre; mais c'était spirituel, paradoxal, amusant—enfin</span> <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_248" id="Page_248">[248]</a></span> <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"><i>tout ce qu'il fallait pour un journal</i>.</span>" Another day he observed that the famous words of Napoleon @@ -11106,18 +11066,18 @@ comme critique!</span>"</p> Talking of Mme. d'Agoult, he told us that when her novel "Nelida" appeared, in which Liszt himself is pilloried as a delinquent, he asked her, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Mais pourquoi -avez-vous tellement maltraité ce pauvre Lehmann?</span>" +avez-vous tellement maltraité ce pauvre Lehmann?</span>" The first time we were asked to breakfast at his house, the Altenburg, we were shown into the garden, where, in a saloon formed by overarching trees, -the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">déjeuner</i> was set out. We found Hoffmann von +the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">déjeuner</i> was set out. We found Hoffmann von Fallersleben, the lyric poet, Dr. Schade—a <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Gelehrter</i>, and Cornelius. Presently came a Herr—or Doctor—Raff, a musician, who has recently published a volume called "Wagnerfrage." Soon after we were joined by Liszt and the Princess Marie, an elegant, gentle-looking girl of seventeen, and last by the Princess Wittgenstein, -with her nephew, Prince Eugène, and a young +with her nephew, Prince Eugène, and a young French artist, a pupil of Scheffer. The princess was tastefully dressed in a morning-robe of some semi-transparent white material, lined with orange-color, @@ -11179,7 +11139,7 @@ genius. One evening Liszt came to dine with us at the Erb Prinz, and introduced M. Rubinstein, a young Russian, who is about to have an opera of his performed in Weimar. Our expenses at Weimar, including wine -and washing, were £2 6<i>s.</i> per week. Dear Weimar! +and washing, were £2 6<i>s.</i> per week. Dear Weimar! We were sorry to say good-bye to it, with its pleasant group of friends. On the 4th of November, after a stay of just three months, we turned our backs on it @@ -11205,12 +11165,12 @@ have not heard before.</p> <p>The day after our arrival was Sunday, 6th November; the sun shone brightly, and we went to walk in the -Linden, elbowing our way among the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">promeneurs endimanchés</i>, +Linden, elbowing our way among the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">promeneurs endimanchés</i>, who looked remarkably smart and handsome after the Thuringians. We had not gone far when we met a nice-looking old gentleman, with an order round his neck, and a gold-headed cane in his hand, who exclaimed, -on seeing G., "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Ist's möglich?</span>" and then bade +on seeing G., "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Ist's möglich?</span>" and then bade him heartily welcome. I saw at once it was the Varnhagen <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_252" id="Page_252">[252]</a></span> of whom I had heard so often. His niece, arrayed @@ -11245,9 +11205,9 @@ against some prejudice, or coming suddenly on the sunk fence of some miserable limitation. The first morning he called on us he talked of his terrible disappointment in Carlyle, a subject to which he often -returned. He evidently felt an antipathy to the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Teufelsdröckh</span>," +returned. He evidently felt an antipathy to the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Teufelsdröckh</span>," which, indeed, it was not difficult to understand -from the mere <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">manière d'étre</i> of the two men. +from the mere <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">manière d'étre</i> of the two men. They had corresponded for years before they saw each <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_253" id="Page_253">[253]</a></span> other; and Varnhagen was, and is, a great admirer of @@ -11260,8 +11220,8 @@ in beds <em>without curtains</em> what Christian could give up the ghost?"</p> <p>At Varnhagen's we met, for the first time, Professor -Stahr, who was there with Fanny Lewald, Fräulein -Solmar, Frau Muisch, Dr. Ring, Dr. Vehse, Gräfin von +Stahr, who was there with Fanny Lewald, Fräulein +Solmar, Frau Muisch, Dr. Ring, Dr. Vehse, Gräfin von Kalkreuth, and Director Wilhelm Schadow, author of "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Der Moderne Vasari</span>." We talked of Goethe. Varnhagen brought out autographs and portraits, and read @@ -11282,7 +11242,7 @@ the neighborhood of the inn, and there shot themselves.</p> <p>Du Bois Reymond spoke very decidedly of the German civilization as inferior to the English.</p> -<p>Varnhagen, when well, is a regular visitor at Fräulein +<p>Varnhagen, when well, is a regular visitor at Fräulein Solmar's, who for many years has kept an open <i>salon</i> for her friends every evening but one in the week. Here the three-cornered chair next the sofa was reserved @@ -11297,7 +11257,7 @@ admirably, and always had something interesting and characteristic to tell or say. His appreciatory groans, always in the right place, when G. was reading "Shylock" did us both good, under the chills of a German -audience. Fräulein Solmar is a remarkably accomplished +audience. Fräulein Solmar is a remarkably accomplished woman—probably between fifty and sixty, but of that agreeable <i>Wesen</i> which is so free from anything startling in person or manner, and so at home in @@ -11314,20 +11274,20 @@ but bad health and bad weather kept us away during the last six weeks, except for one or two evenings. Baron Sternberg, the novelist, used frequently to glide in when we were there, and cast strange, cold glances -around, talking quietly to Fräulein Assing or some +around, talking quietly to Fräulein Assing or some other lady who sat in a distant parallel of latitude.</p> <p>One evening a Frenchman there amused us by saying that he found in Meyerbeer's "Huguenots" the whole spirit of the epoch of Charles IX. "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Lisez les Chroniques"—"de Froissart?</span>" suggested Mlle. Solmar. -"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Oui, quelque chose comme ça; ou bien les Chroniques</span> +"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Oui, quelque chose comme ça; ou bien les Chroniques</span> <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_255" id="Page_255">[255]</a></span> -<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">de Brantôme ou de <i>Mérimée</i>, et vous trouverez que -Meyerbeer a parfaitement exprimé tout cela; du moins -c'est ce que je trouve, moi.</span>" I said, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Mais peut-être, -Monsieur, c'est votre génie à vous qui a fait entrer les -idées dans la musique.</span>" He answered with complacent +<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">de Brantôme ou de <i>Mérimée</i>, et vous trouverez que +Meyerbeer a parfaitement exprimé tout cela; du moins +c'est ce que je trouve, moi.</span>" I said, "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Mais peut-être, +Monsieur, c'est votre génie à vous qui a fait entrer les +idées dans la musique.</span>" He answered with complacent deprecation. G. looked immovably serious, but was inwardly tickled by the audacity of my compliment, and the evident acceptance of it.</p> @@ -11353,8 +11313,8 @@ fertility, and versatility that seem to indicate a fervid temperament, and yet no scintillation of all this in his talk and manner; on the contrary, he seems slow at apprehending other people's ideas, and is of an almost -childish <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">naiveté</i> in the value he attaches to poor jokes, -and other trivialities. <i>À propos</i> of jokes, we noticed +childish <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">naiveté</i> in the value he attaches to poor jokes, +and other trivialities. <i>À propos</i> of jokes, we noticed that during the whole seven months of our stay in Germany we never heard one witticism, or even one felicitous idea or expression, from a German! @@ -11368,7 +11328,7 @@ pleasure in connection with the Laocoon. He one evening gave us an interesting account of his work on the cosmic system of the Greeks, and read us a translation, by himself, of one of the Homeric hymns—Aphrodite—which -is very beautiful, a sort of <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Gegenstück</i> +is very beautiful, a sort of <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Gegenstück</i> to "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Der Gott und die Bajadere</span>:" and generally we were glad when he took up the book. He read us a specimen of his epic poem, "Firdusi," which pleased @@ -11386,7 +11346,7 @@ thinks Shakespeare more extensively sold in Germany than any other book, except the Bible and Schiller! One night we attempted "Brag" or "Pocher," but Gruppe presently became alarmed at G.'s play, and -said "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Das würde an zwölf Groschen reichen</span>." He +said "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Das würde an zwölf Groschen reichen</span>." He drew some Jews' faces with a pen admirably.</p> <p>We were invited to meet Waagen, whom we found a @@ -11420,7 +11380,7 @@ were deploring Goethe's want of evangelical sentiment. Carlyle was visibly uneasy, fumbling with his dinner-napkin. At last he broke out thus: "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Meine Herren kennen sie die Anekdote von dem Manne der die Sonne -lästerte weil sie ihm sein Cigarre nicht anstecken +lästerte weil sie ihm sein Cigarre nicht anstecken liess?</span>"<a name="FNanchor_47_47" id="FNanchor_47_47"></a><a href="#Footnote_47_47" class="fnanchor">[47]</a></p> <p>In the little room where we used to be ushered to @@ -11434,7 +11394,7 @@ chemist, was also a bright, good-natured-looking man. <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_258" id="Page_258">[258]</a></span> We were invited to a large evening party at his house, and found very elegant rooms, with a remarkable assemblage -of celebrated men—Johannes Müller, Du +of celebrated men—Johannes Müller, Du Bois Reymond, Rose, Ehrenberg, etc. Some of the women were very pretty and well dressed. The supper, brought round on trays, was well appointed; and @@ -11445,7 +11405,7 @@ wife—Fanny Lewald—after their marriage. Stahr has a copy of the charming miniature of Schiller, taken when he was about thirty—a miniature in the possession of a certain Madame von Kalb. There are the -long <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Gänsehals</i>,<a name="FNanchor_48_48" id="FNanchor_48_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_48_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> +long <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Gänsehals</i>,<a name="FNanchor_48_48" id="FNanchor_48_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_48_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> the aquiline nose, the blue eyes and auburn hair. It is a most real and striking portrait. I saw also a portrait and bust of Madame d'Agoult @@ -11462,7 +11422,7 @@ bear, and which they had borne with a patience that the English would not imitate for a month. By far the most distinguished-looking man we saw at Berlin, and, indeed, next to Liszt, in Germany, was Rauch the sculptor. -Schöll had given G. a letter for him, and soon +Schöll had given G. a letter for him, and soon after it had been left at his house he called on us in the evening, and at once won our hearts by his beautiful person and the benignant and intelligent charm of @@ -11494,7 +11454,7 @@ so alien to my sympathies that I could feel little pleasure in the idea of its production. On the other hand, my heart leaped at the sight of old Kant's quaint figure, of which Rauch is commissioned to produce a colossal -statue for Königsberg. In another <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">atelier</i>, where the +statue for Königsberg. In another <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">atelier</i>, where the work is in a different stage, we saw a splendid marble monument, nearly completed, of the late king of Hanover. Pitiable that genius and spotless white marble @@ -11549,18 +11509,18 @@ XVII.! Dessoir also imitated admirably Aldridge's mode of advancing to kill Duncan—like a wild Indian lurking for a not much wilder beast. He paid us the very pretty attention of getting up a dinner for us at -Dietz's, and inviting Rötscher and Förster to meet us; +Dietz's, and inviting Rötscher and Förster to meet us; and he supplied us with tickets for the theatre, which, however, was a pleasure we used sparingly. The first time we went was to see "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Nathan der Weise</span>"—a real enjoyment, for the elegant theatre was new to us, and the scenery was excellent; better than I saw there on -any subsequent occasion. Döring performed Nathan, +any subsequent occasion. Döring performed Nathan, and we thus saw him for the first time to great advantage; for, though he drags down this part, as he does all others, the character of Nathan sets limits which he cannot overstep; and though we lose most of its elevation -in Döring's acting, we get, <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">en revanche</i>, an admirable +in Döring's acting, we get, <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">en revanche</i>, an admirable ease and naturalness. His fine, clear voice and perfect enunciation told excellently in the famous monologue, and in the whole scene with Saladin. Our @@ -11619,7 +11579,7 @@ as a tenor to Amor in the shape of an ugly German soprano; but Gluck wished it otherwise, and the music is delightful. I am reading a charming book by Professor Stahr—who is one of our acquaintances here—"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Torso: -Kunst, Künstler, und Kunst Werke der +Kunst, Künstler, und Kunst Werke der Alten.</span>" It feeds the fresh interest I am now feeling in art. Professor Stahr is a very erudite man, and, what is very much rarer among Germans, a good writer, who @@ -11654,7 +11614,7 @@ Withal he is as simple as a child. When we go to see them in the evening we find him wrapped in a moth-eaten gray coat and a cap on his head. Then he reads us a translation of one of the Homeric hymns, and goes -into the most naïve <em>impersonal</em> ecstasy at the beauty of +into the most naïve <em>impersonal</em> ecstasy at the beauty of his own poetry (which is really good). The other night he read us part of an epic which is still in MS., and is to be read before the king—such is the fashion here. @@ -11681,12 +11641,12 @@ and the new princess from Anhalt Dessau, young and delicate-looking, was there too. Arabella Goddard played the "Harmonious Blacksmith" charmingly, and then Wagner sang badly two ineffective German -songs, and Halévy's duet from the "Reine de +songs, and Halévy's duet from the "Reine de Chypre" with Roger.</p> <p>Vivier is amusing. He says Germans take off their hats on all possible pretexts—not for the sake of -politeness, but <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">pour être embarrassants</i>. They have +politeness, but <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">pour être embarrassants</i>. They have wide streets, simply to embarrass you, by making it impossible to descry a shop or a friend. A German always has <em>three</em> gloves—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">On ne sait pas pourquoi.</span>" @@ -11698,20 +11658,20 @@ one. If he has two dogs he drives out of the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">trottoir the man who has only one: the very dogs begin to be aware of it. If you kick one when he is off the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">trottoir</i> he will bear it patiently, but on the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">trottoir</i> he resents it -vehemently. He gave us quite a bit of Molière in a +vehemently. He gave us quite a bit of Molière in a description of a mystification at a restaurant. He says -to the waiter—<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">"Vous voyez ce monsieur là. C'est le +to the waiter—<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">"Vous voyez ce monsieur là . C'est le pauvre M. Colignon." (Il faut qu'il soit quelq'un qui -prend très peu—une tasse de café ou comme ça, et -qui ne dépense pas trop.) "Je suis son ami. Il est +prend très peu—une tasse de café ou comme ça, et +qui ne dépense pas trop.) "Je suis son ami. Il est fou. Je le garde. Combien doit-il payer?" "Un -franc." "Voilà."</span> Then Vivier goes out. Presently +franc." "Voilà ."</span> Then Vivier goes out. Presently the so-called M. Colignon asks how much he has to pay, and is driven to exasperation by the reiterated -assurance of the waiter—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'est payé, M. Colignon.</span>"</p> +assurance of the waiter—"<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">C'est payé, M. Colignon.</span>"</p> <p>The first work of art really worth looking at that one -sees at Berlin is the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Rosse-bändiger</span>" in front of +sees at Berlin is the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Rosse-bändiger</span>" in front of the palace. It is by a sculptor named Cotes, who made horses his especial study; and certainly, to us, they eclipsed the famous Colossi at Monte Cavallo, @@ -11729,7 +11689,7 @@ her father, while the mother is emptying her wine-glass. It is interesting to see the statue of Napoleon, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_266" id="Page_266">[266]</a></span> the worker of so much humiliation to Prussia, placed -opposite that of Julius Cæsar.</p> +opposite that of Julius Cæsar.</p> <p>They were very happy months we spent at Berlin, in spite of the bitter cold which came on in January and @@ -11739,7 +11699,7 @@ our way from dinner against the wind and snow! Then came the delightful long evening, in which we read Shakespeare, Goethe, Heine, and Macaulay, with German <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Pfefferkuchen</i> and <i>Semmels</i> at the end to complete -the <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">noctes cenæque deûm</i>.</p> +the <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">noctes cenæque deûm</i>.</p> <p>We used often to turn out for a little walk in the evening, when it was not too cold, to refresh ourselves by a @@ -11759,14 +11719,14 @@ side of the water was shrouded in indistinctness, and no ugly object marred the scene. The next day, under the light of the sun, it was perfectly prosaic.</p> -<p>Our <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">table d'hôte</i> at the Hotel de l'Europe was so slow +<p>Our <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">table d'hôte</i> at the Hotel de l'Europe was so slow in its progress from one course to another, and there was so little encouragement to talk to our neighbors, that we used to take our books by way of beguiling the time. Lessing's "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Hamburgische Briefe</span>," which I am not likely to take up again, will thus remain associated <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_267" id="Page_267">[267]</a></span> -in my memory with my place at the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">table d'hôte</i>. The +in my memory with my place at the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">table d'hôte</i>. The company here, as almost everywhere else in Berlin, was sprinkled with officers. Indeed, the swords of officers threaten one's legs at every turn in the streets, and one @@ -11789,14 +11749,14 @@ poor man's teeth were chattering with cold, though he was wrapped in fur; and we, all furless as we were, pitied him, and were thankful that at least we were not feverish and ill, as he evidently was. We saw the immortal -old town of Wolfenbüttel at a distance, as we +old town of Wolfenbüttel at a distance, as we rolled along; beyond this there was nothing of interest in our first day's journey, and the only incident was the condemnation of poor Madame Roger's dog to the dog-box, apart from its mistress with her warm cloaks. She remonstrated in vain with a brutal German official, and it was amusing to hear him say to her in German, -"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Wenn sie Deutsch nicht verstehen können.</span>" <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">"Eh +"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Wenn sie Deutsch nicht verstehen können.</span>" <span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">"Eh bien—prenez la." "Ah! quel satan de pays!"</span> was her final word, as she held out the shivering little beast.</p> @@ -11825,7 +11785,7 @@ engaged in completing his "Life of Goethe," which had been begun some time before, but which was now for the most part rewritten. At Weimar, George Eliot wrote the article on Victor Cousin's "Madame -de Sablé" for the <cite>Westminster Review</cite>. It was begun +de Sablé" for the <cite>Westminster Review</cite>. It was begun on 5th August, and sent off on 8th September. At Berlin she nearly finished the translation of Spinoza's "Ethics"—begun on 5th November—and @@ -11841,11 +11801,11 @@ any remarks she makes on them:</p></blockquote> "Neffe," "Egmont," "The Hoggarty Diamond," Moore's "Life of Sheridan"—a first-rate specimen of <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_269" id="Page_269">[269]</a></span> -bad biographical writing; "Götz" and the "Bürger +bad biographical writing; "Götz" and the "Bürger General," Uhland's poems, "Wilhelm Meister," Rosenkranz on the Faust Sage, Heine's poems, Shakespeare's plays ("Merchant of Venice," "Romeo and -Juliet," "Julius Cæsar"—very much struck with the +Juliet," "Julius Cæsar"—very much struck with the masculine style of this play, and its vigorous moderation, compared with "Romeo and Juliet"—"Antony and Cleopatra," "Henry IV.," "Othello," "As You @@ -11862,9 +11822,9 @@ seems to me a wretched mistake of Lessing's. The Roman myth of Virginius is grand, but the situation, transported to modern times and divested of its political bearing, is simply shocking. Read "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Briefe -über Spinoza</span>" (Jacobi's), "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Nathan der Weise</span>," Fanny +über Spinoza</span>" (Jacobi's), "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Nathan der Weise</span>," Fanny Lewald's "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Wandlungen</span>," "Minna von Barnhelm," -"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Italiänische Reise</span>," the "Residence in Rome;" a +"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Italiänische Reise</span>," the "Residence in Rome;" a beautiful description of Rome and the Coliseum by moonlight—a fire made in the Coliseum sending its smoke, silvered by the moonlight, through the arches @@ -11882,8 +11842,8 @@ Read Scherr's "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Geschichte Deutscher Cultur und Sitte</span>"—much interested in his sketch of German poetry in the Middle Ages; "Iphigenia." Looked into the "Xenien," and amused ourselves with their pointlessness. -"Hermann and Dorothea," "Tasso," "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Wanderjahre</span>"—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">à -mourir d'ennui</i>; Heine's "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Geständnisse</span>"—immensely +"Hermann and Dorothea," "Tasso," "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Wanderjahre</span>"—<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">à +mourir d'ennui</i>; Heine's "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Geständnisse</span>"—immensely amused with the wit of it in the first fifty pages, but afterwards it burns low, and the want of principle and purpose make it wearisome. Lessing's @@ -11894,7 +11854,7 @@ he cannot presume to say that he thoroughly understands Spinoza. Read "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Dichtung und Wahrheit</span>," Knight's "Studies of Shakespeare." Talked of the "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Wahlverwandschaften</span>" with Stahr—he finding fault -with the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">dénouement</i>, which I defended. Read Stahr's +with the <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">dénouement</i>, which I defended. Read Stahr's "Torso"—too long-winded a style for reading aloud. Knight's "History of Painting." Compared several scenes of "Hamlet" in Schlegel's translation with the @@ -11905,11 +11865,11 @@ language is almost always weakened. For example, blood" is rendered, "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Auch um und um in Bruder's Blut getauchet.</span>" The prose speeches of Hamlet lose all their felicity in the translation. Read Stahr on the -Eginetan Sculptures, "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Die Neue Melusine," "West-Östliche +Eginetan Sculptures, "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Die Neue Melusine," "West-Östliche Divan,"</span> Gervinus on Shakespeare—found it unsatisfactory; Stahr's "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Ein Jahr in Italien</span>"—the description of Florence excellent. Read the wonderfully -beautiful "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Römische Elegien</span>" again, and some of +beautiful "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Römische Elegien</span>" again, and some of <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_271" id="Page_271">[271]</a></span> the Venetian epigrams, Vehse's "Court of Austria"—called on Miss Assing to try and borrow the book from @@ -11940,7 +11900,7 @@ to live in; and the Germans, to counterbalance their want of taste and politeness, are at least free from the bigotry of exclusiveness of their more refined cousins. I even long to be among them again—to see Dresden -and Munich and Nürnberg and the Rhine country. +and Munich and Nürnberg and the Rhine country. May the day soon come!</p> @@ -11950,23 +11910,23 @@ May the day soon come!</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_272" id="Page_272">[272]</a></span></p> <blockquote class="small"><p>Leaves London with Mr. Lewes for Antwerp—Rubens's pictures—Cologne—Dr. -Brabant and Strauss—Weimar—Schöll—The +Brabant and Strauss—Weimar—Schöll—The Dichter Zimmer—Sauppe—Tiefurt—Ettersburg—Arthur Helps—Gabel-Bach and Kickel-hahn—Liszt—Wagner's operas—"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Der -Freischütz</span>"—Schiller's house—Goethe's house—Gartenhaus—Ober -Weimar—The Webicht—Marquis de Ferrière—Liszt +Freischütz</span>"—Schiller's house—Goethe's house—Gartenhaus—Ober +Weimar—The Webicht—Marquis de Ferrière—Liszt anecdotes—Cornelius—Raff—Princess Wittgenstein—Liszt's playing—Scheffer's picture—Expenses at Weimar—Leave for Berlin—Meet Varnhagen—Thiergarten—Acquaintances in -Berlin—Fräulein Solmar—Professor Gruppe—Epic of Firdusi—Waagen—Edward +Berlin—Fräulein Solmar—Professor Gruppe—Epic of Firdusi—Waagen—Edward Magnus—Professor Stahr and Fanny Lewald—Rauch the sculptor—Kant's statue—Dessoir the actor—"<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Nathan -der Weise</span>"—Döring's acting—Johanna Wagner—Letter +der Weise</span>"—Döring's acting—Johanna Wagner—Letter to Miss Hennell—"Fidelio"—Reading Stahr's "Torso"—Likeness of Schiller—Vivier—Roger and Arabella Goddard—The -<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Rosse-bändiger</span>—Pictures—Cold in Berlin—View of Schloss +<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Rosse-bändiger</span>—Pictures—Cold in Berlin—View of Schloss from bridge—Leave Berlin for England—Books read—Article -written on "Madame de Sablé"—Translation of Spinoza's "Ethics"—Article +written on "Madame de Sablé"—Translation of Spinoza's "Ethics"—Article on Vehse's "Court of Austria"—Article on Stahr.</p></blockquote> @@ -12383,9 +12343,9 @@ an hour or so after dinner; then we jump to the old dramatists, when Mr. Lewes reads to me as long as his voice will hold out, and after this we wind up the evening with Rymer Jones's "Animal Kingdom," by which -I get a confused knowledge of branchiæ, and such +I get a confused knowledge of branchiæ, and such things—perhaps, on the whole, a little preferable to -total ignorance. These are our <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">noctes</i>—without <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">cenæ</i> +total ignorance. These are our <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">noctes</i>—without <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">cenæ</i> for the present—occasionally diversified by very dramatic <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_282" id="Page_282">[282]</a></span> singing of Figaro, etc., which, I think, must @@ -12666,7 +12626,7 @@ day I gleaned some little bit of naturalistic experience, either through G.'s calling on me to look through the microscope, or from hunting on the rocks; and this in spite of my preoccupation with my article, which I -worked at considerably <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">à contre-cœur</i>, despairing of it +worked at considerably <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">à contre-cœur</i>, despairing of it ever being worth anything. When at last, by the 17th of June, both my articles were despatched, I felt delightfully at liberty, and determined to pay some attention @@ -12674,12 +12634,12 @@ to seaweeds, which I had never seen in such beauty as at Ilfracombe. For hitherto I had been chiefly on chalky and sandy shores, where there were no rock-pools to show off the lovely colors and forms -of the algæ. There are tide-pools to be seen almost +of the algæ. There are tide-pools to be seen almost at every other step on the shore at Ilfracombe; and I shall never forget their appearance when we first arrived there. The <i>Corallina officinalis</i> was then in its greatest perfection, and with its purple-pink fronds -threw into relief the dark olive fronds of the Laminariæ +threw into relief the dark olive fronds of the Laminariæ on one side, and the vivid green of the Ulva and Enteromorpha on the other. After we had been there a <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_289" id="Page_289">[289]</a></span> @@ -12687,7 +12647,7 @@ few weeks the Corallina was faded; and I noticed the <i>Mesagloia vermicularis</i> and the <i>M. virescens</i>, which look very lovely in the water, from the white cilia, which make the most delicate fringe to their yellow-brown, -whip-like fronds, and some of the common Polysiphoniæ. +whip-like fronds, and some of the common Polysiphoniæ. These tide-pools made me quite in love with seaweeds, so I took up Landsborough's book and tried to get a little more light on their structure and history.</p> @@ -12859,7 +12819,7 @@ his yacht at the end of June, and we hope then to go to Clovelly—Kingsley's Clovelly—and perhaps other places on the coast that we can't reach on foot. After this we mean to migrate to Tenby, for the sake of making -acquaintance with its mollusks and medusæ.</p> +acquaintance with its mollusks and medusæ.</p> <div class="sidenote">Letter to Mrs. Peter @@ -12930,7 +12890,7 @@ things he would have liked to know. We have a project of going into St. Catherine's caverns with lanterns, some night when the tide is low, about eleven, for the sake of seeing the zoophytes preparing for their -midnight revels. The Actiniæ, like other belles, put +midnight revels. The Actiniæ, like other belles, put on their best faces on such occasions. Two things we have lost by leaving Ilfracombe for which we have no compensation—the little zoological curate, Mr. Tugwell, @@ -13033,7 +12993,7 @@ more about getting approbation for me than for himself. arrived at Richmond "with terrible headache, but enjoyed the sense of being 'at home' again." On the 18th, "walked in Kew Park, and talked with -G. of my novel. Finished 'César Birotteau' aloud." +G. of my novel. Finished 'César Birotteau' aloud." On the 25th August Mr. Lewes set off for Hofwyl, near Berne, taking his two eldest boys, Charles and Thornton, to place them at school there. He returned @@ -13443,7 +13403,7 @@ the best judge.</p> <p>"I now send proof of the conclusion of 'Amos, <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_307" id="Page_307">[307]</a></span>' in acknowledgment of which, and of the first part, -I have the pleasure of enclosing a check for £52 10<i>s.</i>—fifty +I have the pleasure of enclosing a check for £52 10<i>s.</i>—fifty guineas.</p> <p>"If the series goes on as I anticipate, there is @@ -13611,7 +13571,7 @@ are not in keeping with my story.</p> <p>But I am unable to alter anything in relation to the delineation or development of character, as my stories always grow out of my psychological conception of the -<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">dramatis personæ</i>. For example, the behavior of Caterina +<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">dramatis personæ</i>. For example, the behavior of Caterina in the gallery is essential to my conception of her nature, and to the development of that nature in the plot. My artistic bent is directed not at all to the @@ -13917,7 +13877,7 @@ and am as excited about blind old Œdipus as any young lady can be about the latest hero with magnificent eyes. But there is <em>one</em> new book we have been enjoying, and so, I hope, have you—the "Life of Charlotte -Brontë." Deeply affecting throughout; in the +Brontë." Deeply affecting throughout; in the early part romantic, poetic, as one of her own novels; in the later years tragic, especially to those who know what sickness is. Mrs. Gaskell has done her work @@ -13952,7 +13912,7 @@ thankful to have that hope changed into certainty.</p> <p>Meanwhile, to save multiplying letters—which I know you are not fond of—I mention now what will take no harm from being mentioned rather prematurely. -I should like Chrissey to have £15 of my +I should like Chrissey to have £15 of my next half-year's income, due at the beginning of June, to spend in taking a change of air as soon as she is able to do so; and perhaps, if it were desirable for @@ -14547,10 +14507,10 @@ least of all faulty where others most blame.</p> came to an end. The travellers returned to 8 Park Shot, Richmond, where Miss Sara Hennell paid them a visit at the end of the month, and Dr. -and Mrs. Bodichon (<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">née</i> Miss Barbara L. Smith) +and Mrs. Bodichon (<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">née</i> Miss Barbara L. Smith) came on the 4th of August. On the 12th August there is an entry in the Journal, "Finished -the 'Electra' of Sophocles, and began Æschylus's +the 'Electra' of Sophocles, and began Æschylus's 'Agamemnon,'" and then come the following letters:</p></blockquote> <div class="sidenote">Letter @@ -14669,7 +14629,7 @@ the blessings of the "poor in spirit."</p> <p>We are reading one of the most wonderful books in French or any other literature—Monteil's "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Histoire -des Français des divers États</span>"—a history written on +des Français des divers États</span>"—a history written on an original plan. If you see any account of it, read that account.</p> @@ -14755,10 +14715,10 @@ question so entangled as the "woman question." The part of the Epicurean gods is always an easy one; but because I prefer it so strongly myself, I the more highly venerate those who are struggling in the thick of -the contest. "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">La carrière ouverte aux taléns</span>," whether +the contest. "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">La carrière ouverte aux taléns</span>," whether the talents be feminine or masculine, I am quite confident -is a right maxim. Whether "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">La carrière ouverte -à la Sottise</span>" be equally just when made equally +is a right maxim. Whether "<span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">La carrière ouverte +à la Sottise</span>" be equally just when made equally universal, it would be too much like "taking sides" for me to say.</p> @@ -14779,7 +14739,7 @@ in two volumes.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_337" id="Page_337">[337]</a>< <p><i>Oct. 22.</i>—Began my new novel, "Adam Bede."</p> <p><i>Oct. 29.</i>—Received a letter from Blackwood offering -me £120 for the first edition of "Scenes of Clerical +me £120 for the first edition of "Scenes of Clerical Life."</p> <div class="sidenote">Letter @@ -14788,7 +14748,7 @@ Blackwood, 30th Oct. 1857.</div> -<p>I am quite contented with the sum (£120) you offer +<p>I am quite contented with the sum (£120) you offer me for the edition, being thoroughly confident of your disposition to do the best you can for me. I perceive your hope of success for the "Scenes" is not strong, @@ -14860,7 +14820,7 @@ Hennell, 9th Nov. 1857.</div> -<p>One is glad to have one's book (<i>à propos</i> of review +<p>One is glad to have one's book (<i>à propos</i> of review of Lewes's "History of Philosophy") spoken well of by papers of good circulation, because it is possible, though not certain, that such praise may help the sale; @@ -15013,7 +14973,7 @@ the Peace."</p> <p><i>Dec. 8.</i>—I am reading "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Die Familie</span>," by Riehl, forming the third volume of the series, the two first of -which, "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Land und Volk</span>" and "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Die Bürgerliche Gesellschaft</span>," +which, "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Land und Volk</span>" and "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Die Bürgerliche Gesellschaft</span>," I reviewed for the <cite>Westminster</cite>.</p> <p>A letter from Blackwood to-day tells us that Major @@ -15021,7 +14981,7 @@ Blackwood, during his brother's absence in England, having some reasons, not specified, for being more hopeful about the "Clerical Scenes," resolved to publish 1000 instead of 750; and in consequence of this -Blackwood promises to pay me an additional £60 +Blackwood promises to pay me an additional £60 when 750 shall have been sold off. He reports that an elderly clergyman has written to him to say that "Janet's Repentance" is exquisite—another vote to @@ -15073,7 +15033,7 @@ and speeches have been very numerous lately, especially about his "Sea-side Studies," which have appeared in <cite>Blackwood</cite>, and are soon to appear—very much improved and enlarged—in a separate volume. -Dear Carlyle writes, <i>à propos</i> of his "Friedrich:" "I +Dear Carlyle writes, <i>à propos</i> of his "Friedrich:" "I have had such a fourteen months as was never appointed me before in this world—sorrow, darkness, and disgust my daily companions; and no outlook visible, @@ -15120,10 +15080,10 @@ them.</p> <p><i>Dec. 17.</i>—Read my new story to G. this evening as far as the end of the third chapter. He praised it highly. I have finished "<span lang="de" xml:lang="de">Die Familie</span>," by Riehl—a -delightful book. I am in the "Choephoræ" now. In +delightful book. I am in the "Choephoræ" now. In the evenings we are reading "History of the Thirty -Years' Peace" and Béranger. Thoroughly disappointed -in Béranger.</p> +Years' Peace" and Béranger. Thoroughly disappointed +in Béranger.</p> <p><i>Dec. 19</i> (<i>Saturday</i>).—Alone this evening with very thankful, solemn thoughts—feeling the great and unhoped-for @@ -15173,7 +15133,7 @@ been least adequately dwelt on.</p> lovely day together—lovely as a clear spring day. We could see Hampstead from the Park so distinctly that it seemed to have suddenly come nearer to us. We -ate our turkey together in a happy <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">solitude à deux</i>.</p> +ate our turkey together in a happy <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">solitude à deux</i>.</p> <p><i>Dec. 31</i> (<i>the last night of 1857</i>).—The dear old year is gone with all its <i lang="de" xml:lang="de">Weben</i> and <i>Streben</i>. Yet not gone @@ -15248,7 +15208,7 @@ on essay "Christianity and Infidelity"—Letter to Blackwood—Caterina and the dagger scene—Trip to Penzance and the Scilly Isles—Description of St. Mary's—Mr. Moyle, the surgeon—Social Life—Letter to Mrs. Bray, anxiety about sister—Letter to -Miss Sara Hennell—"Life of Charlotte Brontë"—Letter to Isaac +Miss Sara Hennell—"Life of Charlotte Brontë"—Letter to Isaac P. Evans—Mrs. Clarke's illness—Letter to Blackwood—Conclusions of stories—Jersey—Description of Gorey—Delightful walks—Reading Draper's "Physiology"—Miss Catlow and Dr. Thomson @@ -15267,7 +15227,7 @@ Richmond—Letter to John Blackwood on "Janet"—Letters to Miss Hennell—Rosa Bonheur—Thought not action—Mr. and Mrs. Call—Letter to John Blackwood—Haunted by new story—Letter to Charles Bray—"The Woman Question"—Close of -"Clerical Scenes" series—"Adam Bede" begun—Receives £120 +"Clerical Scenes" series—"Adam Bede" begun—Receives £120 for first edition of "Scenes of Clerical Life"—Letter to Mrs. Bray—Unbelief in people's love—Letter to John Blackwood—Sheets of "Clerical Scenes"—Letter to Miss Hennell—Newspaper @@ -15279,8 +15239,8 @@ for Knowledge—Buckle's "History of Civilization"—Autumn days at Richmond—Reading the "Agamemnon"—Harriett Martineau's "Sketch of the British Empire in India"—Macaulay's essays on Clive and Hastings—Major Blackwood calls -and suspects identity of George Eliot—Reading the "Choephoræ"—"History -of the Thirty Years' Peace," and Béranger—Thankfulness +and suspects identity of George Eliot—Reading the "Choephoræ"—"History +of the Thirty Years' Peace," and Béranger—Thankfulness in reviewing experience of 1857.</p></blockquote> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_348" id="Page_348">[348]</a></span></p> @@ -15452,8 +15412,8 @@ that she had not read."</p> <p>Mr. Watts, one of the professors at Spring Hill College (Independent), Birmingham, a colleague of Mr. Henry Rogers, author of the "Eclipse of Faith," and -who had himself studied at the Hallé University, and -enjoyed the friendship of Dr. Tholück, was requested +who had himself studied at the Hallé University, and +enjoyed the friendship of Dr. Tholück, was requested (I think by my mother) to call on Miss Evans. His acquaintance with German Rationalism (rare in England in those days) qualified him to enter into, and it @@ -15483,18 +15443,18 @@ called on Miss Evans. She now takes up a different position. Her views are not altogether altered, but she says it would be extreme arrogance in so young a person to suppose she had obtained <em>yet</em> any just ideas -of truth. She had been reading Dr. Tholück's reply +of truth. She had been reading Dr. Tholück's reply to Strauss's 'Life of Jesus,' but said Mr. Watts had advised her <em>not</em> to read his 'Guido and Julius.'"</p> <p>In answer to this my brother says, in a letter dated -Hallé, September 26, 1842, "You have given, doubtless, +Hallé, September 26, 1842, "You have given, doubtless, a very accurate account of Miss Evans's mode of stating her present sentiments. Mr. Watts's reason -for advising that Dr. Tholück's 'Guido and Julius' be +for advising that Dr. Tholück's 'Guido and Julius' be not read is, perhaps, that the reasoning is not satisfactory."</p> -<p>In another letter, addressed to my brother at Hallé, +<p>In another letter, addressed to my brother at Hallé, and dated October 28, 1842, I tell him: "Last week mother and I spent an evening with Miss Evans. She seemed more settled in her views than ever, and @@ -15802,7 +15762,7 @@ of some lessons in Natural History, on sheets of cardboard, needed then, when prints of the kind were not to be procured for schools. The class of animals to be illustrated by Mrs. Bray on the sheet taken by Miss -Evans was the "Rodentiæ," and at the top a squirrel +Evans was the "Rodentiæ," and at the top a squirrel was to figure, the which she undertook to draw. This I have seen, half-finished—a witness to the willing mind; proof that its proper work lay otherwhere. @@ -15849,7 +15809,7 @@ self tied to a being whose limitations you could see, and must know were such as to prevent your ever being understood!" She thought that though in England <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_364" id="Page_364">[364]</a></span> -marriages were not professedly "arrangés," they were +marriages were not professedly "arrangés," they were so too often practically: young people being brought together, and receiving intimations that mutual interest was desired and expected, were apt to drift into connections @@ -15997,7 +15957,7 @@ When she would be thirteen years old.</p></div> Written probably in view of her brother's marriage.</p></div> <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_15_15" id="Footnote_15_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15_15"><span class="label">[15]</span></a> -Visit to Miss Rawlins, her brother's <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fiancée</i>.</p></div> +Visit to Miss Rawlins, her brother's <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">fiancée</i>.</p></div> <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_16_16" id="Footnote_16_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16_16"><span class="label">[16]</span></a> By a curious coincidence, when she became Mrs. Cross, this @@ -16173,382 +16133,6 @@ The Brays' new house at Coventry.</p></div> deleted.</p> </div> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's George Eliot's Life, Vol. I (of 3), by George Eliot - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GEORGE ELIOT'S LIFE, VOL. 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