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diff --git a/42889-8.txt b/42889-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 0eb22ed..0000000 --- a/42889-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6099 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Influence of the Stars, by Rosa Baughan - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: The Influence of the Stars - A book of old world lore - -Author: Rosa Baughan - -Release Date: June 7, 2013 [EBook #42889] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Delphine Lettau and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -THE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS - -PLYMOUTH -WILLIAM BRENDON AND SON -PRINTERS - - - [Illustration: WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS. FACSIMILE FROM AN OLD WOODCUT - DATE. 1657. - - _Frontispiece and Cover._] - - - - -THE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS - -A Book of Old World Lore - - -BY - -_ROSA BAUGHAN_ - -AUTHOR OF "THE HANDBOOK OF PALMISTRY"; "CHARACTER IN HANDWRITING"; -ETC., ETC. - - -_IN THREE PARTS_ - -PART I. ASTROLOGY. -PART II. CHIROMANCY -PART III. PHYSIOGNOMY - -TO WHICH ARE ADDED - -CHAPTERS ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MOLES OF THE BODY ASTROLOGICALLY -CONSIDERED, - -THE MYSTICAL WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS AND THE METHODS OF WORKING IT - - -FOURTH EDITION, -REVISED AND ENLARGED BY THE AUTHOR - -_ILLUSTRATED WITH TEN PLATES_ - -LONDON -KEGAN PAUL, TRENCH, TRÜBNER & CO., LTD. -DRYDEN HOUSE, GERRARD STREET, SOHO -1904 - - - - -Transcriber's Note: Minor typographical errors have been corrected -without note. Dialect spellings, contractions and inconsistencies in -the text have been retained as printed. Words enclosed by square -brackets replace the symbol, as it is not possible to represent the -symbol itself in plain text. - - - - - "Ye stars which are the poetry of Heaven! - If, in your bright leaves we read the fate - Of men and empires--'tis to be forgiven, - That in our aspirations to be great, - Our destinies o'erleap this mortal state - And claim a kindred with you; for ye are - A beauty and a mystery and create - In us such love and reverence from afar, - That Life, Fame, Power, and Fortune have named themselves a star." - - Byron. - - - - -CONTENTS - - -Part I. - -ASTROLOGY - -CHAPTER PAGE - - - I. ASTROLOGY 4 - - II. THE ALPHABET OF ASTROLOGY 12 - - III. CONCERNING THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC 17 - - IV. OF THE NATURES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS AND OF THEIR -ESSENTIAL AND ACCIDENTAL DIGNITIES 23 - - V. OF THE INFLUENCES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS 34 - - VI. CONCERNING THE TWELVE HOUSES OF HEAVEN AND THEIR POWERS 50 - - VII. AN EXPLANATION OF VARIOUS TERMS USED IN ASTROLOGY 54 - - VIII. OF THE FIGURE OF THE HEAVENS 59 - - IX. OF THE INFLUENCES OF THE FIXED STARS 65 - - X. OF THE EFFECT OF EACH PLANET IN EACH OF THE TWELVE -HOUSES 70 - - XI. ON FORMING A GENERAL JUDGMENT ON A NATIVITY 76 - - XII. CONCERNING DIRECTIONS AND HORARY QUESTIONS 92 - - XIII. SOLAR HOROSCOPES 103 - - XIV. APHORISMS CULLED FROM THE WORKS OF PTOLEMY AND OTHER -ANCIENT ASTROLOGERS 120 - - -PART II. - -CHIROMANCY - - XV. CHIROMANCY AND ITS ORIGIN 125 - - XVI. CONCERNING THE PRINCIPAL LINES IN THE HAND AND THE -MOUNTS 129 - - XVII. THE LINE OF LIFE 137 - - XVIII. THE LINE OF HEART AND LINE OF HEAD 143 - - XIX. THE SATURNIAN LINE 150 - - XX. THE LINE OF THE SUN AND LINE OF HEALTH 155 - - XXI. ON THE RING OF VENUS, THE WRIST LINES AND THE LETTER -M TO BE SEEN IN MOST HANDS 160 - - XXII. CONCERNING CHANCE LINES; THAT IS, LINES WHICH ARE -SOMETIMES--BUT ONLY RARELY--SEEN ON ANY HAND 166 - - XXIII. CONCERNING THE FINGERS AND THUMB AND NAILS 169 - - XXIV. OF THE VARIOUS MARKS TO BE SEEN ON THE HAND 177 - - XXV. THE TRIANGLE, THE QUADRANGLE AND THE HAPPY HAND 182 - - -Part III. - -PHYSIOGNOMY - - XXVI. PHYSIOGNOMY 185 - - XXVII. THE FOREHEAD AND EYEBROWS 194 - -XXVIII. THE EYES AND EYELASHES 201 - - XXIX. THE NOSE 211 - - XXX. THE MOUTH, TEETH, JAW AND CHIN 221 - - XXXI. THE HAIR AND EARS 231 - - XXXII. THE SIGNATURES OF THE PLANETS 237 - -XXXIII. THE MOLES ON THE FACE 246 - - XXXIV. MOLES HAVING NO CORRESPONDING MOLES ON THE FACE 254 - - XXXV. THE ZODIACAL MARKS 258 - - XXXVI. CONCERNING ALFRIDARIES 263 - -XXXVII. CONCERNING THE WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS AND THE METHOD -OF WORKING IT 267 - - - - -LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS - - -WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS _Frontispiece and Cover_ - -THE EARTH _To face Chapter VI._ - -NATUS. 9TH JANUARY, 1889 " " _VIII._ - -FACSIMILE OF A MAP OF A HORARY QUESTION FROM LILLY'S -"ASTROLOGY" " " _XII._ - -PRINCIPAL LINES ON THE PALM OF THE HAND " " _XVI._ - -THE LINE OF LIFE " " _XVII._ - -CHANCE LINES ON THE HAND " " _XXII._ - -VARIOUS MARKS ON THE HAND " " _XXIV._ - -THE HAPPY HAND " " _XXV._ - -THE PLANETS' PLACES ON THE FACE " " _XXVII._ - -ALFRIDARY TABLE " " _XXXVI._ - - - - -FOREWORD - - -Of all subjects that have at any time engaged the attention of the -world, there is none more ancient than astrology. In the East--where it -first arose at a period of very remote antiquity--it still holds sway -and in every part of the world (especially among the learned) it -reigned supreme until the middle of the seventeenth century. That it -not only ruled the daily actions of individuals but swayed the councils -of princes, is shown by the records of every nation that has a history -(and by none more fully than by that of England); yet the present -generation seems never, until quite lately, to have cared to inquire on -what basis this belief could have been for so many ages supported. -During the past ten years, however--possibly from a reaction growing -out of the realism by which we have been so long oppressed--a new -interest in these old-world beliefs has sprung up and it is to satisfy -that interest that this book (containing the results of many years' -study) was written. - -Chiromancy and Physiognomy are both based on astrology and are, -therefore, quite in place as the second and third parts of a work -treating of the influence of the stars. Many of the modern writers on -Chiromancy seem disposed to deny its affinity to astrology, with which -it is, however, inseparably connected. Dr. Saunders, in the preface to -his exhaustive work on Chiromancy and Physiognomy, published in 1671, -and dedicated to his friend Lilly, the great astrologer, says: "For our -more orderly proceeding with the body of this work, it is in the first -place necessary to be observed that there are seven planets, named -_Stellæ Errantes_--wandering stars--which have each of them its -separate character as they are used in astrologie; the which stars have -great power over inferior bodies and do, each of them, govern some part -or other of man's body and they _especially have their material -existence in the hand_ and without astrology Chiromancy could not -subsist and be subservient to true wisdom." - -Now, why, in the face of this and many other equally forcible words -among the old-world authorities, do the modern writers try to force -their own crude theories upon us? To drag the time-honoured study of -Chiromancy into the turmoil of nineteenth-century existence and--by -robbing it of its mysticism--to strain it into unison with the realism -of modern thought, strikes the earnest student with the same sense of -incongruity as would the hanging of a carnival mask over the mystically -calm features of an antique statue. - -ROSA BAUGHAN. - -_November, 1904._ - - - - -THE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS - - - - -ASTROLOGY - - "To doubt the influence of the stars is to doubt the wisdom and - providence of God."--TYCHO BRAHE. - - - - -CHAPTER I. - -That a certain power, derived from æthereal nature, pervades the whole -earth, is clearly evident to all. Fire and air are altered by the -motions of the æther, and these elements, in their turn, encompassing -all inferior matter, vary it, as they themselves are varied, acting -equally on earth and water, on plants and animals. The Sun, not only by -the change of the seasons, brings to perfection the embryo of animals, -the buds of plants and the springs of water, but also, by his daily -movement, brings light, heat, moisture, dryness and cold. - -The Moon, being of all the heavenly bodies the nearest to earth, has -also much influence, and things animate and inanimate sympathise and -vary with her. By her changes rivers swell or are reduced, the tides of -the sea are ruled by her risings and settings, and animals and plants -are influenced as she waxes or wanes. The stars also produce in the -ambient[1] many impressions, causing heats, winds and storms, to the -influence of which earthly things are subjected. The force of the Sun, -however, predominates, because it is more generally distributed; the -others either co-operate with his power or diminish its effects. The -Moon more frequently does this at her first and last quarter; the stars -act also in the same way, but at longer intervals and more obscurely -than the Moon. From this it follows that not only all bodies which may -be already in existence are subjected to the motion of the stars, but -also that the impregnation and growth of the seeds from which all -bodies proceed are moulded by the quality in the ambient at the time of -such impregnation and growth. When, therefore, a person has acquired a -thorough knowledge of the stars (not of what they are composed, but of -the _influences_ they possess), he will be able to predict the mental -and physical qualities and the future events in the existence of any -one whose actual moment of birth is accurately given to him. But the -science of astrology demands great study, a good memory, constant -attention to a multitude of different points and much power of -deductive judgment; and those persons who undertake to cast horoscopes -without possessing these qualities, must necessarily make frequent -mistakes in their judgments, which, perhaps, accounts for much of the -disbelief which exists as regards the power of astrology; but it is -unfair to blame the science for inaccuracies which are only the result -of the ignorance of its exponents. No one should attempt to pronounce -judgments on the influence of the stars without having first given -years of study to the subject; and even then, unless he should have -been born under certain influences,[2] he will never become a -proficient astrologer. - - [1] The ambient means the heavens when spoken of in a general - manner. - - [2] Saturn, Mercury and the Moon. - -The practice of observing the stars began in Egypt in the reign of -Ammon (about a thousand years before the Christian era), and was spread -by conquest in the reign of his successor into the other parts of -Africa, Asia, and Europe; but it appears to have been taught in the -earliest ages by oral tradition only, for there is no good evidence of -its having been reduced to written rules before some years after the -first century of the Christian era, when Claudius Ptolemy (who was born -and educated in Alexandria) produced a work called _Tetra-biblos_, -or _Quadripartite_, being four books of the influences of the stars. In -this treatise (translated into English by John Whalley--Professor of -Astrology--in the year of 1786) Ptolemy seems to have collected all -that which appeared to him of importance in the science. Another -translation of the _Tetra-biblos_, rendered into English from the Greek -paraphrase of that work by Proclus, was made in 1822 by J. M. Ashmand -and this is, by most people, preferred to the translation made by -Whalley. Somewhere between 1647 and 1657, Placidus di Titus, a Spanish -monk, published a system of astrology, founded, to a great extent, upon -Ptolemy's calculations. This work was printed in Latin and is called -the _Primum Mobile_, or _First Mover_, and was translated by John -Cooper in 1816; other translations have appeared, but his is the best -among them. - -The planetary orbs, which the ancients recognised as having the most -powerful influence, were seven in number (now known under the Latin -names of the principal deities of the heathen mythology), viz.: -Jupiter, Saturn, the Sun, Mercury, Venus, Mars and the Moon. - -It may be objected that science has long since revealed to us many more -planets than the seven known to the ancients; but, in considering a -study so mystical as that of astrology, it is better to adhere to the -theories of the old-world writers. In the earliest ages almost all the -inhabitants of the earth led pastoral lives--were, in fact, merely -shepherds--but amongst these shepherds there naturally arose, from time -to time, men of superior intelligence, whose imaginations (purified and -strengthened by solitude and the constant communion with Nature which -grew out of that solitude) led them to the study of those distant -lights which they saw, night after night, appear and disappear in the -wide expanse of the heavens above them. Of purer lives and more -impressionable than we moderns, they were necessarily more open to the -influences of nature; and all their thoughts being given to the study -of the mysteries by which they felt themselves surrounded, their -intuitive perception is likely to be a safer guide on mystical subjects -than the scientific conjectures of our day. Besides, as the results -produced by their methods were astoundingly correct, why should we -imagine ourselves capable of bettering their theories? Jupiter, Saturn, -Mars and Mercury are _still_ the most important planets, whilst the -Moon (though so small) has a more subtle influence in consequence of -her nearness to us; whilst of the Sun's power over us and the whole -creation there can, of course, be no question. Each of these seven -planets is in the ascendant once during the space of the twenty-four -hours forming the day and night; and according to the junction of two -or more planets under which a person is born, his outward appearance, -character and fate, will be influenced. The sign of the zodiac, too, -under which a child comes into the world, possesses a power to produce -a particular form of body and mental inclination, always, however, -_subject to the influence_ of the seven planets. - -It must also be borne in mind that the planets dominating the lives of -both parents would, to a certain extent, have an influence not only -during the pre-natal period of our existence, but also in arresting or -hurrying forward the moment of our advent into life. The father's -influence is strong at the moment of conception; the mother's during -the whole period of pre-natal existence. In this way we can account for -the resemblance between parents and children, and also for the physical -and mental qualities which we see constantly reproduced through a long -line of ancestry. It is rarely that one planet is the sole influence of -a life, for the child at birth may, and more generally does, receive -influences from several planets, and some not those of the father or -mother; and thus we can account for the innumerable differences of mind -and body to be found among members of the same family. - -For the benefit of those who object that there is too great a leaning -to what they would call "the dangerous doctrine of fatalism" in these -old-world beliefs, it may be well to quote a few reassuring words from -a very able and voluminous writer on these subjects, Dr. Richard -Saunders, who modestly styles himself on the title-page of his learned -work (published in 1671) student in astrology and physic. "The stars," -he says, "have such an influential power over us that we act by them -and, though _they are but second causes_, their influences do so -necessitate us that we cannot avoid their fatality, _unless_ we have -recourse to the First Cause which governs this all." In other words, -though the stars influence us, God rules the stars. - - - - -CHAPTER II. - -THE ALPHABET OF ASTROLOGY - - -The Science of Astrology consists of four branches, namely, _Mundane -Astrology_, which is the art of foreseeing, by the aspect of the stars, -at certain periods, the events likely to happen to nations, such as -pestilences, wars, inundations and earthquakes; _Atmospherical -Astrology_, which is the art of foreseeing, by the positions of the -heavenly bodies, the quality of the weather at any particular time or -place; _the Casting of Nativities_, or the art of foretelling, from the -position of the stars at the moment of birth, the fate and character of -the native; and _Horary Astrology_, or the art of foreseeing, by the -positions of the heavens at the moment, the result of any business or -circumstance. - -As the two former branches are treated in the astrological almanacks -issued every year by Zadkiel, Raphael, Orion, and others, it is -needless to go into them; but as the casting of nativities and the -answering of horary questions require individual treatment, the working -of these two branches of astrology (_after the ancient methods_) shall -be described as clearly as possible. - -Before the student can do anything in astrology he must master its -alphabet--that is, he must make himself thoroughly acquainted with the -symbols used to represent the planets, the signs of the zodiac and the -aspects. - -The planets recognised by the ancient astrologers are, as we have seen, -seven in number, and are as follows, with their symbols:--Saturn, -[symbol]; Jupiter, [symbol]; Mars, [symbol]; Sol, [symbol]; Venus, -[symbol]; Mercury, [symbol]; Luna, [symbol]. - -There are also the Dragon's Head, thus symbolised, [symbol]; and the -Dragon's Tail, [symbol]. These are neither planets nor signs of the -zodiac, nor constellations, but are only the nodes or points where the -ecliptic is crossed by the Moon. One of these points looks northward, -where the Moon begins her northern latitude, and the other points -southward, where she commences her south latitude. The head of the -Dragon is considered of a benevolent nature; the tail of the Dragon is -of evil tendency. - -There are also the twelve signs of the zodiac, which are as follows, -with their symbols:-- - - NORTHERN. SOUTHERN. - - [symbol] Aries [symbol] Libra - - [symbol] Taurus [symbol] Scorpio - - [symbol] Gemini [symbol] Sagittarius - - [symbol] Cancer [symbol] Capricorn - - [symbol] Leo [symbol] Aquarius - - [symbol] Virgo [symbol] Pisces - -Through these twelve signs the planets continually move, and are ever -in one or other of them. - -They are divided into _north_ and _south_. The first six, from Aries -to Virgo, are _northern_; the latter six, from Libra to Pisces, are -_southern_; this is because the Sun and planets when in the first six -are north of the equator, and when in the last six they are south of -that line. - -Each point of the zodiac rises and sets once every twenty-four hours, -occasioned by the earth's revolution on its axis once every day; -therefore, when any given point is _rising_, the opposite point must be -_setting_.[3] - - [3] Aries is always opposite to Libra; Taurus to Scorpio; and - so on of all the rest, as shown by the table given (p. 11). - -As the zodiac consists of 360 degrees from the first point of Aries -until we come to that point again, and as these are divided into twelve -portions or signs, they must consist of 30 degrees each. - -The aspects are five in number; they represent certain positions which -the planets bear to each other as they move through the signs of the -zodiac; they are as follows, with their symbols:-- - - [Symbol] Conjunction], when two planets are in the same place, viz., - in same degree of the same sign. - - [Symbol] Sextile, when they are 60 degrees or two signs apart. - - [Symbol] Square, when they are 90 degrees or three signs apart. - - [Symbol] Trine, when they are 120 degrees or four signs apart. - - [Symbol] Opposition, when they are 180 degrees or six signs - asunder. - -The conjunction ([symbol]) is rather a position than an aspect, as -planets can hardly be said to aspect each other when they are in the -same place. When Saturn is in the first degree of Aries, and any planet -in the same degree of that sign, they are said to be in conjunction; -this is good or evil, according to the nature of the planets thus -posited. - -The Trine ([symbol]) is the most powerful of all the good aspects. - -The Sextile ([symbol]) is favourable. - -The Square ([symbol]) is evil. - -The Opposition ([symbol]) is also very evil. - -There are several other aspects (sometimes called the "modern aspects") -invented by Kepler; but as they only appear to complicate what is at -best a very intricate study, it is best to ignore them and adhere in -this, as in the matter of the planets, to the old methods. - - - - -CHAPTER III. - -CONCERNING THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC - - -The zodiac is a band or belt, measuring about 14 degrees in breadth, -but, as Venus sometimes appears to have more than her real latitude, -it is more correctly considered to be 18 degrees in breadth. The -_ecliptic_, or path of the Sun, passes exactly through the centre of -the zodiac, longitudinally. - -The ancients divided the zodiac into _ten signs_--Libra being -omitted altogether, Virgo and Scorpio being merged into one, thus: -Virgo-Scorpio. This accounts for the similarity of their symbols, -[Virgo] [Scorpio]. - -Ptolemy divides the zodiac into twelve equal parts, of 30 degrees each. -He says: "The beginning of the whole zodiacal circle (which in its -nature as a circle can have no other beginning or end capable of being -determined) is, therefore, assumed to be the sign Aries, which -commences at the vernal equinox in March." - -One of the many objections urged against Ptolemy's system of astrology -is that the signs are continually moving from their positions; but -Ptolemy seems to have been aware of this motion of the signs, and has -met this objection by what he says in the twenty-fifth chapter of the -first book of the _Tetra-biblos_, where he makes it clear that the -respective influences he ascribes to the twelve signs were considered -by him to belong rather to the _places_ they occupied in the ambient -than to the stars of which they are composed; and he especially speaks -of the _ambient_ as producing the effects attributed to the respective -signs of the zodiac when in the ascendant in a nativity; thus his -astrology is just as applicable to modern astronomy as it was to his -own. - -The signs have been divided into four _triplicities_, thus: _fiery_ -[Aries], [Leo ], [Sagittarius]; _earthy_, [Taurus], [Virgo], -[Capricorn]; _airy_, [Gemini], [Libra], [Aquarius]; and _watery_, -[Cancer], [Scorpio], [Pisces]. - -The _bicorporal_, or double-bodied, signs are [Gemini], [Pisces], and -the first half of [Sagittarius]. The _fruitful_ signs are [Cancer], -[Scorpio], [Pisces]; the barren signs are [Gemini], [Leo], and -[Capricorn]. - -These descriptions are useful in showing the modifications brought to -bear (by the sign ascending) on the planet's influence. But, when no -planets are in or near the ascendant at birth, the following -descriptions of the temperament and form of body produced by each sign -ascending at birth should be used. - -Aries ([symbol]) is a hot and fiery sign and produces a lean body, -spare and strong, large bones, grey eyes, with a quick glance and sandy -or red-coloured hair. The temper is violent. It governs the head and -face; its colour is white. - -Taurus ([symbol]) differs greatly, in its effects, from the preceding -sign; it is cold and dry, and gives a broad brow and thick lips. A -person born under it is melancholy and slow to anger but, when roused, -furious and difficult to be appeased. It governs the neck and throat; -its colour is red. - -Gemini ([symbol]) is in nature hot and moist and produces a person of -straight, tall body, sanguine complexion, brilliant eyes and light -brown hair. The temperament of those born under Gemini is lively and -the understanding good. This sign governs the arms and shoulders; its -colours are red and white. - -Cancer ([symbol]) is by nature cold and moist; it produces a native -fair and pale, short in stature, with a round face, sand-coloured brown -hair and grey eyes. Those born under it are phlegmatic, indolent and -gentle tempered. Women born under this sign generally have many -children. It governs the breast and stomach; its colours are green and -russet-brown. - -Leo ([symbol]) is a fiery, hot and dry sign. When it rises at birth -without any planet being near the ascendant, the native will be of tall -stature, with yellow hair, ruddy complexion and oval face, and he will -have a quick glance and a strong voice. It governs the heart, the back -and the neck; its colours are red and green. - -Virgo ([symbol]) is an earthy, cold, barren, feminine sign. When it -ascends, it shows a well-formed body, slender and tall, straight, -dark-brown hair and a round face. The mind of the native is ingenious, -but rather inconstant. It governs the belly; its colour is black -speckled with blue. - -Libra ([symbol]) is an aërial, sanguine, masculine, hot and moist sign. -Rising at birth it produces a well-made body, with long limbs, an oval -and beautiful face, sanguine complexion, straight flaxen hair and grey -eyes. Those born under it are courteous, just and honourable. It -governs the loins; and the colours under its rule are black, crimson -and tawny. - -Scorpio ([symbol]) is a moist, phlegmatic, feminine sign. It gives a -strong, corpulent body, low stature, thick legs, hair growing low on -the forehead and heavy eyebrows. Those born under this sign are -reserved, thoughtful, subtle and malicious. It governs the lower parts -of the body; the colour under its rule is brown. - -Sagittarius ([symbol]) is a fiery, masculine sign. The person born -under its rule is handsome, with a rather long face and features, -chestnut hair, inclined to baldness and ruddy complexion; the body -strong and active. Those born under this sign are fond of field sports, -are good riders, and are lovers of animals. They are kindly, generous -and careless of danger. This sign governs the thighs and hips, and -rules yellow and green. - -Capricorn ([symbol]) is an earthy, cold, dry, feminine sign. It -produces a person of slender stature, with a long neck, narrow chest -and dark hair. The mind is quick, witty and subtle. It governs the -knees and hams and, in colours, it rules black or dark brown. - -Aquarius ([symbol]) is an airy, moist, masculine sign. In a nativity -where no planets are in or near the ascendant, it would produce a -person of a well-set, strong body, long face and delicate complexion, -with brown hair. It governs the legs and ankles and rules the -sky-colour or blue. - -Pisces ([symbol]) is a watery, cold and feminine sign. It produces a -person of short stature and fleshy body, with a rather stooping gait. -Those born under its influence are indolent and phlegmatic. It governs -the feet and toes and presides over the pure white colour. It is -needful to remember the colours belonging to the signs, as they are -especially useful in horary questions. - - - - -CHAPTER IV. - -OF THE NATURES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS AND OF THEIR ESSENTIAL AND -ACCIDENTAL DIGNITIES - - -Of the seven planets Jupiter and Venus, because of the heat and -moisture predominant in them, are considered by the ancients as -benefics or causers of good. The Moon is so considered for the same -reasons, though in a less degree. - -Saturn and Mars are causers of evil or malefic; the first from his -excess of cold, and the other from his excess of heat. The Sun and -Mercury are deemed of common influence--that is, either of good or -evil, according to the planets with which they are connected. - -The planets have particular familiarity with certain places in the -zodiac by means of parts designated as their houses, and also by their -_triplicities_, _exaltations_ and _terms_. - -The nature of their familiarity by _houses_ is as follows:-- - -Cancer and Leo are the most northerly of all the twelve signs; they -approach nearer than the other signs to the zenith of this part of the -earth, and thereby cause warmth and heat; they are consequently -appropriated as houses for the two principal and greater luminaries; -Leo for the Sun, as being masculine; and Cancer for the Moon, as being -feminine. - -Saturn, since he is cold and inimical to heat, moving also in a -superior orbit most remote from the luminaries, occupies the signs -opposite to Cancer and Leo; these are Aquarius and Capricorn, and they -are assigned to him in consideration of their cold and wintry nature. - -Jupiter has a favourable temperament, and is situated beneath the -sphere of Saturn; he, therefore, occupies the next two signs, -Sagittarius and Pisces. - -Mars is dry in nature and beneath the sphere of Jupiter; he takes the -next two signs, of a nature similar to his own, viz., Aries and -Scorpio, whose relative distances from the houses of the luminaries are -injurious and discordant. - -Venus, possessing a favourable temperament, and, placed beneath the -sphere of Mars, takes the next two signs, Taurus and Libra. These are -of a fruitful nature and preserve harmony by the sextile distance; this -planet is never more than two signs distant from the Sun. - -Mercury never has greater distance from the Sun than the space of one -sign, and is beneath all the other planets; hence he is nearest to both -luminaries, and the remaining two signs, Gemini and Virgo, are allotted -to him. - -The "houses" of the planets are readily shown by the following table. -It is exactly the same as that found in the mummy-case of the Archon of -Thebes, in ancient Egypt, as may be seen at the British Museum: - - [Leo] [Sun] [Moon] [Cancer] - [Virgo] [Taurus] [Gemini] - [Libra] [Venus] [Taurus] - [Scorpio] [Mars] [Aries] - [Sagittarius] [Jupiter] [Pisces] - [Capricorn] [Saturn] [Aquarius] - -It will be seen, at once, from this table that the Sun and Moon have -each only one house assigned them. All planets are most powerful in -that sign which constitutes one of their houses. Planets receive -detriment in the signs opposite to those of their houses. Thus, Saturn -would receive detriment in Cancer and Leo, which are the signs opposite -to his houses, Capricornus and Aquarius. There are some signs in which -the planets are found to be very powerful, though not to the same -extent as when in their own houses; these are called the "exaltations" -of the planets, and the signs opposite to these are those in which they -receive their "fall" when they are considered to be weak in power. -Saturn has his exaltation in Libra; his "fall" would therefore be in -Aries. He governs the airy triplicity, which is composed of the signs -Gemini, Libra and Aquarius by day, and in all the twelve signs he has -these degrees (zodiacal signs) allotted him by Ptolemy for his Terms: - - In Aries 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Taurus 23, 24, 25, 26. - In Gemini 22, 23, 24, 25. - In Cancer 28, 29, 30. - In Leo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Virgo 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. - In Libra 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Scorpio 28, 29, 30. - In Sagittarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. - In Capricornus 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Aquarius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Pisces 27, 28, 29, 30. - -The meaning of which is that if Saturn should rise in any of these -degrees it is a sign that he is not void of essential dignities; or, if -he is posited in any of the following degrees (which he is allowed for -his Face or Decanate) he is still not devoid of dignities. This is to -be understood of all the planets. - -Saturn is allotted for his Face these degrees: - - In Taurus 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Leo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Libra 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Sagittarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Pisces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - -Jupiter has his exaltation in Cancer and his fall in Capricornus. He -rules the fiery triplicity, Aries, Leo and Sagittarius, by night. - -He has these degrees allotted for his Terms: - - In Aries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Taurus 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22. - In Gemini 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. - In Cancer 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. - In Leo 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. - In Virgo 14, 15, 16, 17, 18. - In Libra 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. - In Scorpio 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. - In Sagittarius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. - In Capricornus 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. - In Aquarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25. - In Pisces 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. - -He has for his Face, or Decanate: - - Of Gemini 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - Of Leo 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - Of Libra 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - Of Capricornus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - Of Pisces 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - -Mars has Aries for his day-house and Scorpio for his night-house. He is -exalted in Capricornus, and has his fall in Cancer. - -He governs the watery Triplicity, viz., Cancer, Scorpio and Pisces, and -he has these degrees in each sign for his Terms: - - In Aries 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. - In Taurus 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Gemini 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Cancer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Leo 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Virgo 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Scorpio 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Aquarius 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Pisces 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26. - -He has allotted to him for his Face these degrees: - - In Aries 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Gemini 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Leo 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Virgo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Pisces 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - -The Sun rules the fiery Triplicity--Aries, Leo and Sagittarius--by day. -He is exalted in the sign of Aries, and receives his fall in Libra. - -He has no degrees admitted him for his Terms, but in the twelve signs -he has the following degrees for his Face: - - In Aries 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Gemini 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Virgo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Scorpio 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Capricornus 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - -Venus governs the earthy Triplicity--Taurus, Virgo and Capricornus--by -day. She is exalted in Pisces, and has her fall in Virgo. She has the -following degrees for her Terms: - - In Aries 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. - In Taurus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. - In Gemini 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. 20. - In Cancer 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. - In Leo 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19. - In Virgo 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. - In Libra 7, 8, 9, 10, 11. - In Scorpio 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21. - In Sagittarius 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14. - In Capricornus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. - In Aquarius 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Pisces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. - -The following degrees are allowed for her Face: - - In Aries 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Cancer 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Virgo 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Scorpio 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Pisces 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - -Mercury governs the airy Triplicity, viz., Gemini, Libra and Aquarius, -by night. He has his exaltation in Virgo, and his fall in Pisces. He -has the following degrees for his Terms: - - In Aries 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21. - In Taurus 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15. - In Gemini 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. - In Cancer 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Leo 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. - In Virgo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. - In Libra 20, 21, 22, 23, 24. - In Scorpio 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27. - In Sagittarius 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Capricornus 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12. - In Pisces 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - -These degrees are assigned him for his Face: - - In Taurus 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Cancer 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Virgo 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Sagittarius 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Aquarius 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - -The Moon governs the earthy Triplicity, viz., Taurus, Virgo and -Capricornus, by night. - -She is exalted in Taurus, and has her fall in Scorpio. The Sun and the -Moon have no terms assigned them. - -In the twelve signs she has these degrees assigned her for her Face: - - In Taurus 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Cancer 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - In Libra 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. - In Sagittarius 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20. - In Aquarius 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30. - -A planet in his fall is very weak in his influence. The Houses count -first in dignity, then the Exaltation; afterwards the Triplicity, the -Terms, and the Faces. - -The meaning of this is, if a planet is in any of the signs we call his -house or houses, he is essentially strong, and he is allowed five -dignities. - -If he is in the sign in which he is said to be exalted, he is allowed -four dignities. - -If he should be placed in any of the signs allowed him for his -Triplicity, he is allowed three dignities. - -If in any of the degrees in the signs which are given as his Terms, he -has two dignities. - -If in any of the degrees of the sign given to him as his Face, he is -allowed one essential dignity. Accidental dignities are when a planet -is swift in motion, angular or in sextile aspect with Jupiter or Venus. - -There was a great difference between the Arabian, Indian, and Greek -methods in the disposing of the degrees of the sign to each planet -until the time of Ptolemy. Since then almost all astrologers followed -the method he left, which is that which has been given in this chapter. - - - - -CHAPTER V. - -OF THE INFLUENCES OF THE SEVEN PLANETS - - -The planet Saturn is the most remote of the seven planetary orbs -recognised by the ancient writers on astrology. He is of a pale ash -colour, slow in motion, only finishing his course through the twelve -signs of the zodiac in 29 years and about 157 days. His greatest north -latitude from the ecliptic is 2 degrees 48 minutes; his south latitude -is 2 degrees 49 minutes. - -Those born with this planet well-dignified[4] are studious, grave, -economical, prudent, patient and in all their actions sober and -somewhat austere. They are not much given to the love of women, but -they are persons of much depth of feeling, and, when they do love, they -are very constant. They are given to the study of occult matters,[5] -and are of a melancholic, suspicious and jealous temperament. In person -_when well-dignified_ Saturn gives a rather tall stature and long -limbs. The hair is dark, the eyebrows much marked and generally meeting -between the eyes, which are dark brown, deep set and close together. -The nose is long and generally somewhat bent over the lips and the -under jaw slightly protrudes. The complexion is sallow, the ears large -and the hands and feet are generally long, but not fleshy. - - [4] The foregoing chapter explains this term. - - [5] The Chaldees averred that when Saturn was powerful in a - nativity the person then born was "mystical and confederate - in secrecy." - -Those born under the potent aspect of Saturn are generally slow of -speech and their voices are harsh; when Saturn rises in a horoscope -_devoid of dignities_, the native is envious, covetous, malicious, -subtle, untruthful and of a discontented disposition. In person -frequently deformed, with long and irregular features, the eyes and -hair dark and the skin yellow and harsh. - -In man's body this planet rules the spleen, the right ear, the lips and -the teeth. In illness he gives ague, palsy, ruptures (especially should -he rule in the sign of Scorpio), jaundice, toothache and all affections -of the sight, of the ear, of the teeth and jaws and of the legs. - -The herbs he governs are the hemlock, hellebore, burdock, sage, -henbane, rue, nightshade and mandrake. - -The trees under his rule are the willow, the yew, the cypress, the -box-tree and the pine. - -The beasts he governs are the elephant, the wolf, the bear, the dog,[6] -the basilisk, the crocodile, the scorpion, the serpent, the rat, the -mouse and all manner of creeping things; among birds, the crow, the -cuckoo, the raven, the owl and the bat. - - [6] This animal has been probably assigned to him by reason - of its sagacity and extreme fidelity--constancy in feeling - being one of the attributes given by the planet Saturn when - well-dignified. - -Of fish he rules the eel, the tortoise and all shell fish. - -The minerals he governs are lead and the dross of all metals. - -His stones are jet, onyx and all dark stones which are incapable of -polish. The colour he rules is black. - -He rules Saturday--the first hour after sunrise, and the eighth hour of -the same day. His number is 55. In gathering the herbs under his rule -the ancients were particular to do so in his hours, as this rendered -the medicament more powerful. This is to be observed regarding the -herbs ruled by all the planets. - -Saturn's orb is nine degrees before and after any aspect; that is, his -influence begins to operate when either he applies to any planet or it -applies to him within nine degrees of his perfect aspect, and his -influence continues in force until he is separated nine degrees from -the aspect. His angel is Cassiel. His friends are Jupiter, Venus, -Mercury and the Moon; his enemies are Mars and the Sun. - -Jupiter is the next planet below Saturn and is of a bright, clear, -azure colour. He much exceeds Saturn in motion, as he finishes his -course through the twelve signs in twelve years. His greatest north -latitude is 1 degree 38 minutes, and his greatest south latitude 1 -degree 40 minutes. When he rises at birth well-dignified he gives an -erect, tall stature, sanguine complexion, oval face, large grey eyes, -thick brown hair, full lips and good teeth. In temperament those born -under the good influence of this planet are honourable, generous and -hospitable, but loving material pleasures, kind and affectionate to -wife and family, charitable, desiring to be well thought of and hating -all mean and sordid actions. The voices of those born under Jupiter are -clear and sonorous. When this planet rises _devoid of dignities_ the -native will be gluttonous, profligate, vain, and boastful, of mean -abilities and shallow understanding, easily seduced to extravagance and -a tyrant to those of his family and household. - -In man's body he rules the lungs and the blood, and of diseases he -gives apoplexy, gout, inflammation of the lungs, pleurisy and all -illnesses proceeding from corruption of the blood. - -The herbs he governs are cloves, mace, nutmeg, gilliflower, marjoram, -mint, borage and saffron. - -Of trees, he rules the mulberry, the olive, the vine, the fig, the -beech and the pear-tree. - -Of beasts, the sheep, the hart, the ox and all those animals that are -useful to man. - -Of birds, the stork, the snipe, the lark, the eagle, the pheasant, the -partridge and the peacock. - -Of fishes, the whale, the dolphin and the sword-fish. - -His metal is tin. - -His stones are the sapphire, the amethyst and the emerald. - -Of colours he rules red mixed with green. - -His day is Thursday and he rules the first hour after sunrise and the -eighth hour. His number is 78. - -His orb is 9 degrees before and after any aspect. - -All the planets except Mars are his friends. - -His angel is Zadkiel. - -Mars in order succeeds Jupiter. He appears of a red colour, and -finishes his course through the zodiac in 1 year 321 days. His greatest -north latitude is 4 degrees 31 minutes. His south latitude is 6 degrees -47 minutes. When he is well-dignified in a horoscope, the native is -courageous, confident, loving war and all that belongs to it, jealous -of honour, hot-tempered and a great lover of field-sports. In person he -will be of middle stature, broad-shouldered and with big bones; the -complexion of a red fairness; the hair is crisp or curly and also red, -but this varies slightly according to the sign rising at birth; in -watery signs the hair is not so red, and in earthy signs it is more -chestnut; the eyes are grey and have a bold, fixed glance like that of -a hawk. - -When he is ill-dignified at birth, the native is turbulent, cruel, -boastful, a promoter of sedition, ungracious in manners and -unscrupulous in his actions, with no fear of either God or man. He -rules the head and face, the gall, the throat and intestines; and the -diseases he gives are fevers, carbuncles, smallpox, all throat -affections, all hurts to the head and face (especially by iron), and -all diseases which arise from too much heat of blood; also accidents -from four-footed beasts. - -The herbs over which he rules are the nettle, the thistle, onions, -scammony, garlic, horehound, cardamons, mustard and all herbs giving -heat. - -Of trees, all those which are of a prickly nature, such as the holly, -the thorn and the chestnut. - -Of beasts, all fierce animals--the tiger, the panther, the wolf, the -horse, the leopard, the wild ass and the bear. - -The dog is sometimes assigned to Mars on account of its courage and -combativeness. This delightful animal is probably ruled by both Saturn -and Mars; the former giving it the quality of fidelity which it -possesses in a degree beyond all other creatures. - -Of fish, the pike, the barbel and the sword-fish. - -Of birds, the hawk, the vulture, the kite, the eagle, the magpie and -the cock, all of which are combative. - -The metal he rules is iron. The colour he rules is red. - -The stones, the carbuncle, the ruby and the blood-stone. - -His orb is 7 degrees before and after any aspect. - -He governs Tuesday--the first hour after sunrise, and the eighth. His -number is 39. - -His friend among the planets is Venus, all the others are his enemies. - -His angel is Samael. - -The Sun passes through all the twelve signs of the zodiac in one year -and a few hours over the 365 days which constitute the year. He has no -latitude. - -When the Sun rises at a birth well-dignified, the native is of an -honourable disposition, but always desiring to rule, loving pomp, yet -affable, speaking with gravity and without too many words and -possessing much self-reliance and dignity of manner. In person he will -be tall, well made, with golden hair, yellowish skin, large and -piercing eyes and long, straight and well-formed features. - -When ill-aspected the native is arrogant, boastful, a spendthrift, -proud, yet in poverty hanging on other men's charity, very loquacious, -restless and without judgment. - -He governs the heart, the brain, the right eye and the arms; and the -diseases he causes are all illnesses of the heart, such as swoons, -palpitations, cramps, also diseases of the mouth, the brain, and the -eyes. - -Of colours he rules the yellow and orange colour. - -The plants subject to the Sun are all those of pungent odours, such as -the marigold, heliotrope, rosemary, balsam, peony, spikenard, musk, St. -John's wort, and ginger. - -Of trees he rules the palm, the laurel, the cedar, the orange-tree and -the citron-tree. - -Of beasts, the lion, the ram, the goat. - -Of birds, the eagle, the cock, the buzzard. - -Of fish, the star-fish, the crab-fish and the sea-fox. - -He governs Sunday. His number is 34. - -Of metals, gold. - -Of colours he rules the yellow. - -Of stones, the topaz, amber, chrysolite and all yellow stones. - -His orb is 15 degrees before any aspect, and as many after separation. - -His friends are all the planets except Saturn and Mars. - -His angel is Michael. - -After the Sun the planet Venus succeeds in order; she is of a bright -shining colour. Her greatest north or south latitude is 2 degrees and 2 -minutes. When she rises well-dignified in a nativity the person born -will be of middle stature, rather inclining to shortness, with a -beautiful complexion, light brown hair, the eyes large, of a blue or -grey colour and with a slow and rather languishing movement, red lips, -and dimples in the cheeks, chin and about the mouth. In disposition, -gracious, very tender, inclined to love-making; easy of belief and not -given to labour about anything; fond of music, plays, and all sorts of -merry-makings. - -When ill-dignified at birth Venus causes the native to be over-fat, -with thick lips, and much flesh about the chin and cheeks. In -disposition, sensual, riotous and immoral. - -Venus governs the lower parts of the body, and the illnesses she gives -are cancer and all affections of the womb. - -All the herbs she governs have a sweet smell and, generally, have -smooth leaves and white flowers, such as the lily, both white and -yellow, and the lily of the valley, also the water lily, the myrtle, -maidenhair, violets and roses. - -The trees she rules are the walnut, the almond, the apple-tree, the -box-tree, the sycamore, the ash and myrtle. - -Of beasts, the hart, the rabbit, the calf and all small cattle. - -Of birds, the dove, the sparrow, the nightingale, the swan, the pelican -and the swallow. - -Her metal is copper. - -Her stones, white and red coral, rubies, the beryl, turquoise and lapis -lazuli, because it expels melancholy. - -Her colours are white and purple. - -Her orb is 7 degrees before and after any aspect. - -Her day of the week is Friday, of which she rules the first and eighth -hour after sunrise. Her number is 45. - -Her friends are all the planets, but Saturn is the least sympathetic to -her. - -Her angel is Anael. - -Mercury is of a soft silver colour. His greatest north latitude is 3 -degrees 33 minutes. His greatest south latitude is 3 degrees 33 -minutes. - -When he rises well-dignified at a birth the native is a person of -subtle intellect, an excellent logician, and possessing much eloquence -in his speech; sharp and witty, of admirable memory, curious in occult -knowledge, given to divination, and, if he should turn his attention to -trade, no man would exceed him in the invention of new ways to gain -wealth. - -In person, when Mercury rises well-dignified, the native is of rather -small stature, but elegantly formed, very active and supple in his -limbs, and with long arms; he will have a long, narrow face, a high -forehead, rather swelling at the temples, grey eyes with brown spots in -them, delicate mouth, straight eyebrows, a skin of a pale yellow or -olive colour, the hair of a red-brown, commonly called auburn. - -When ill-dignified at birth Mercury gives a person of very small -stature, with small, insignificant features and very small and -quickly-moving eyes; and in character he is shifty, a boaster, -foolishly loquacious and a great liar. - -He rules the liver, the tongue and the nerves, and the illnesses he -gives are epilepsy, giddiness, dry cough, any affection of the tongue, -and all nervous affections. - -The herbs attributed to him are generally those having a subtle smell, -and having effect on the tongue, brain, lungs, or memory; they are -vervain, adder's-tongue, aniseed, dragon-wort, and the reed. - -The trees are the elder and the filbert-tree. - -The animals are the squirrel, the weasel, the spider, the greyhound, -the fox, the ape and all cunning and quickly-moving creatures. - -The birds, the parrot, the magpie, the crane, the linnet and the -swallow. - -Of fish, the jack-fish and the mullet. - -His metal is quicksilver. - -His stones all those of divers colours, white and red carnelian and -marcasite, or fire-stone. - -In colours he rules azure, and all light blue colours. - -His orb is 7 degrees before and after any aspect. - -He governs Wednesday--the first hour and the eighth after sunrise. His -number is 114. The Moon, Venus, Jupiter, the Sun and Saturn are his -friends; Mars is his enemy. - -His angel is Raphael. - -The Moon is the nearest to the earth of all the seven planets. She -finishes her course through the whole twelve signs in 27 days 7 hours -and 36 seconds. Her greatest north latitude is 5 degrees and about 17 -minutes, her greatest south latitude 5 degrees and 12 minutes. - -When she rises well-placed in a horoscope, she signifies a person of -soft and gentle manners, timid, imaginative, loving pleasure and ease, -yet fond of moving from place to place, rather capricious, but of a -poetic and romantic turn of mind. In person, those born under good -aspects of the Moon are of middle height, with a round head and face, -pale, soft skin, large light eyes, usually one a little larger than the -other. The whole body inclined to be fleshy, the lips full, and the -hair of a dull, light colour, but not at all inclined to gold. - -When the Moon is ill-aspected at birth the native is indolent, -sometimes a drunkard and vagabond, generally a liar, and, as Lilly puts -it, "a muddling creature." - -The Moon governs the left side and the bladder. She gives dropsy, all -cold and rheumatic diseases, colds or hurts in the eyes, convulsive -fits, hysteria, and feminine weaknesses. - -The plants she governs are all those which have soft, juicy leaves, -such as the lettuce, the melon, the gourd, the poppy, mushroom, cabbage -and colewort. Of trees, all those which have round, spreading leaves, -such as the lime-tree and the sycamore. - -The beasts she rules are those which love the water, as the otter and -the seal. - -She rules all sea fowl and also the goose, the duck and the night owl. - -Of fish, the oyster, the cockle and the lobster. - -Her colours are light greenish-blue mixed with white. - -Her metal is silver. - -Her stones, pearls, diamonds, opals, crystals and selenite. - -Her orb is 12 degrees before and after any aspect. - -Her day is Monday; the first hour and the eighth after sunrise are -hers. Her number is 45. - -Her friends are Venus, Jupiter, the Sun, Saturn and Mercury. - -Her enemy among the planets is Mars. - -Her angel is Gabriel. - - [Illustration: _To face Chapter VI._] - - - - -CHAPTER VI. - -CONCERNING THE TWELVE HOUSES OF HEAVEN AND THEIR POWERS - - -The ancient astrologers divided the heavens into twelve houses. - -_The First House._--This is called the _Ascendant_, and the planet -rising therein--whether well or ill-dignified--will materially affect -the mind, bodily appearance and fate of the native through his whole -existence. This house is masculine, and governs the head and face of -man and, if the planet Mars be in this house at the time of birth, -there will always be some blemish or mole in the face of the native; if -a few out of the degrees have ascended the scar or blemish is, without -fail, on the upper part of the head; if the middle part of the sign -ascends the mark is in the middle of the face; if the latter part of -the sign is ascending the mark is near the chin. This house represents -the head, the tongue and the memory, and it governs in colours white. - -_The Second House._--This house has signification of the native's -wealth and worldly goods. The house is feminine, ruling the neck, and -the colour is green. - -_The Third House._--This governs brothers and sisters, short journeys, -neighbours, letters and writings. It is masculine and governs the -hands, arms and shoulders; its colours are red and yellow mixed. - -_The Fourth House._--This rules the father, inheritances or property of -the native, and shows his condition at the close of life. It is -feminine, and rules the stomach, breast and lungs; its colour is red. - -_The Fifth House._--This signifies the children of the native, also his -success in speculation and hazardous games, the pleasures he enjoys and -the wealth of the father. It rules the heart, back and liver, is -masculine, and represents in colour black and white mixed. - -_The Sixth House._--This concerns the native's servants, sheep, goats -and small cattle. It also signifies the father's kindred. This house is -feminine. It rules the belly and intestines and its colour is black. - -_The Seventh House_ gives judgment of marriage and describes the man or -woman in all love questions. It is masculine, it rules the haunches, -and its colour is black. - -_The Eighth House_ argues of death, of legacies and wills, also of the -kind of death a man shall die; it is a feminine house. It rules the -lower parts of the trunk of the body; its colours are green and black. - -_The Ninth House_ gives judgment on voyages and long journeys, and also -on events happening to the wife's kindred. It rules the hips and -thighs. It is a masculine house; its colours are green and white. - -_The Tenth House_ is called the _Mid-heaven_, and is feminine. This -concerns the native's mother, and also his calling. It rules the knees -and hams, and its colours are red and white. - -_The Eleventh House_ represents friends and friendship. It is masculine -and rules the legs. - -_The Twelfth House._--This house is often called the _Evil Dæmon_, for -it is the house of sorrow, self-undoing, enemies and imprisonment. It -governs great cattle. It is feminine, and rules the feet and toes, and -in colour it governs green. - -The strongest houses are the first (the _Ascendant_) and the tenth (the -_Mid-heaven_). The first, fourth, seventh, and tenth are called Angular -Houses, and represent the four cardinal points of the compass; thus the -first is east, the seventh west, the fourth is north, and the tenth -south. The second, fifth, eighth, and eleventh houses are called -Succedent Houses; the third, sixth, ninth, and twelfth houses are -termed Cadent Houses (see plate 1). Any planet posited in a Cadent -House is regarded as weak in its effects on the native. It is necessary -to have thoroughly mastered the influences of the twelve houses, as -well as those of the seven planets, and of the signs of the zodiac, -before attempting to cast a nativity or to work a horary question. - - - - -CHAPTER VII. - -AN EXPLANATION OF VARIOUS TERMS USED IN ASTROLOGY - - -_Ascension, Right._--The distance any body or point in the heavens is -from the beginning of the ecliptic or first point of Aries. It is -measured in degrees and minutes of a degree. It is thus abbreviated, A. -R. - -_Ascension, Oblique._--If a star be not on the equator, it will, when -it rises, form an angle with that part of the equator which is rising -at the same time, and this is called its - -_Ascensional Difference._--This, added to its right ascension (A. R.) -if it have _south_ declination, but subtracted from it if it have -_north_ declination, gives its oblique ascension. - -_Application_ signifies the approach of two planets and is of three -kinds: first, when a planet, swift of motion, applies to one of slower -progress: for example, we will suppose Mercury posited in 16 degrees of -the sign Gemini, and Mars in 21 degrees of the same sign (_both being -in direct motion_), Mercury being swifter would overtake and form a -conjunction with Mars, which is termed a _direct application_. The -second kind of application is formed by two retrograde planets: thus we -will suppose Mercury in 16 degrees of Gemini and Saturn in 15 degrees -of the same sign, both retrograde. Mercury being the swiftest planet, -applies to Saturn, a more ponderous planet, by retrogradation, and this -is called a _retrograde application_. The third kind of application is -when one planet, being direct in motion, meets another which is -retrograde: for instance, we will suppose Mercury retrograde in 16 -degrees of Gemini, and Saturn _direct_ in motion in 12 degrees of the -same sign; here Mercury, being the higher planet, _applies to a -conjunction_ of Saturn by a retrograde motion. These two last are -considered _evil_ applications. It should also be remembered that the -superior planets, Saturn, Jupiter and Mars, never apply to the inferior -planets, Venus, Mercury and the Moon, except by retrograde motion; but -the inferior planets apply in both ways. - -_Besieging_ signifies a planet situated between the two malevolent -planets, Saturn and Mars: thus, if Saturn were in the 12th degree of -Aries, Jupiter in the 14th, and Mars in the 16th, Jupiter would then be -_besieged_ by the two malefic planets, Saturn and Mars. This is, of -course, an evil position. - -_Cazimi._--A planet is said to be in _cazimi_ when it is in the heart -of the Sun: that is, only 17 minutes before or after the Sun. All -astrologers agree that a planet is fortified by this position, but a -planet when _combust_ is very evil in its influences. - -_Direct motion_ signifies that a planet is moving on its natural -course, according to the succession of the signs of the zodiac: thus a -planet is _direct in motion_ when it moves from Aries to Taurus, or -from Taurus to Gemini. - -_Frustration_ means the approach of a swift planet to an aspect with -one of slower motion; but before it can approach near enough to join -that aspect the more weighty planet is joined to some other, by which -the first aspect is frustrated. - -_Hayz_ is when a masculine diurnal planet is situated above the horizon -in the daytime, or when a feminine nocturnal planet is placed below the -horizon in the night-time; this is fortunate in its influence. - -_Node._--That part of the ecliptic where a planet passes out of north -into south latitude is its south node; that where it goes into north -latitude is its north node. - -_Oriental and Occidental._--A planet, when oriental, rises before the -Sun; when occidental sets after him and is seen above the horizon when -the Sun is down; consequently, when a planet is oriental it is posited -in the east, and when occidental, in the west. - -From the fourth house eastward to the tenth is oriental and from the -tenth westward to the fourth is occidental. But [Sun] or [Moon] are -_oriental_ between the first and tenth and its opposite quarter and are -_occidental_ between the tenth and seventh and its opposite quarter. - -_Void of course_ is when a planet is separated from another planet, and -does not, during its continuance in the same sign, form any aspect with -any other planet. This most usually happens with the Moon. The effect -of this is - - [Illustration: _To face Chapter VIII._] - - - - -CHAPTER VIII. - -OF THE FIGURE OF THE HEAVENS - - -This was formerly termed a _horoscope_, but is now more generally -called a _figure of the heavens_. It is simply a scheme, or plan, -representing an accurate picture of the heavens--that is, of the -positions of the Sun, Moon, and planets, and, in some instances, of the -fixed stars also, for the moment at which a child is born. In horary -questions the figure is drawn for the required time, which may be the -moment of the propounding of a question to an astrologer, or of the -occurrence of any event of the result of which astrological information -is desired. - -This map, which contains the twelve divisions already described as the -twelve houses of heaven, may be drawn in either a square or circular -form. Lilly and other mediæval writers use both forms indiscriminately; -but as the latter is more easily understood, the diagram (plate 2) is -drawn up in that manner. It will be seen that it is formed of three -circles. In the centre space the date, time and place of the event of a -horary question are entered, and in a nativity the name, sex and moment -of birth of the native. The next space (divided into twelve equal parts -for the houses) is reserved for the planets and in the outer space are -placed the signs of the zodiac, with the number of their degrees, on -the cusp of each house. The cusps of the Houses are represented by that -line between each house. Having obtained an Ephemeris, or astrological -almanack[7] for the year required, we must find the Sidereal Time for -the day and month of the birth, or question; then, if the time of the -event be _before_ noon we must _deduct_ the difference between the -given time and noon from the Sidereal Time of the day; for example, on -the day of the event (the 9th January, 1889), the Sidereal Time at noon -is shown by the Ephemeris to be 19 hours 16 minutes 51 seconds, if the -birth had been at 9 a.m. The difference between 9 a.m. and noon is 3 -hours. We should, therefore, have to _deduct_ 3 hours from 19 hours 16 -minutes 51 seconds, which gives 16 hours 16 minutes 51 seconds, the -Sidereal Time required. - - [7] Zadkiel's and Raphael's are both good; the following - figure is worked after the Ephemeris of the latter. - -As the event is supposed to happen at 3 in the _afternoon_, we must -_add_ the difference between noon and the time given to the Sidereal -Time of the day. The difference between noon and 3 p.m. is 3 hours, -and, as the Sidereal Time on the 9th January, 1889, is 19 hours 16 -minutes 51 seconds, we _add_ 3 hours to this amount, which gives 22 -hours 16 minutes 51 seconds, the Sidereal Time required. - -We must now proceed to place the signs for 3 p.m. on the 9th January, -1889, which is thus done: We turn to the "Table of Houses" (which will -be found at the end of the Ephemeris), and having found (under the -column headed "Sidereal Time") the nearest time to 22 hours 16 minutes -51 seconds, which in this case is 22 hours 16 minutes 48 seconds for -the latitude of London, we see in the next column (headed 10) the sign -(Pisces), and the number 3° opposite our Sidereal Time, showing that -the third degree of Pisces is on the cusp of the 10th house, In the -next column (headed 11) we see [Aries], and the number 7°; we therefore -place 7° [Aries] on the cusp of the 11th house, next 24° [Taurus] on -the 12th; then 7° 5' [Cancer] on the Ascendant (or first house), 23° -[Cancer] on the 2nd and 10° [Leo] on the 3rd; for the remaining houses -we place the signs _in order_ opposite to those already given, keeping -the same number of degrees to each corresponding house and sign. The -opposite house to the 10th is the 4th, and the opposite sign to -[Pisces] is [Virgo]; we therefore place 3° [Virgo] on the cusp of the -4th house, and so on of the rest. It will, however, now be seen that -the two signs [Gemini] and [Sagittarius] are missing; these signs are -"intercepted," which means that they lie between two houses without -occupying the cusp of either; they must, therefore, be placed in their -order _between_ the cusps of the houses. This is, of course, not always -the case, and some horoscopes will have no intercepted signs. - - -HOW TO PLACE THE PLANETS. - -In the Ephemeris the longitudes of the planets are given daily for mean -noon; so, to find the _exact_ place of a planet for a given time, we -must note the difference of longitude between the previous noon and -noon of the day for drawing the map for a.m. and for p.m., the -difference between noon of the day and noon of the day after. This -_difference_ is the motion of the planet in 24 hours, which we must -work thus: As 24 hours are to--hours (_i.e._, the difference between -the given time and noon), so is the daily motion to the motion -required. For example, the [Sun] at noon on the 6th January is -(omitting seconds) in 19° 29' [Capricorn], and on the 10th January at -noon he is in 20° 30' [Capricorn], which gives a daily motion of 59 -minutes. We must find his place for 3 p.m. on the 9th January. As 24 -hours are to 3 hours, so are 59 minutes to the time required; this -equals about 7 minutes, which we add to the [Sun]'s longitude at noon -on the 9th. If the event had been for a.m. this amount would have been -_deducted_ from the [Sun]'s longitude at noon on the day of the event. -We must proceed in the same way for the other planets and place them in -the map according to their positions in respect to the degrees on the -cusps of the houses. The [Sun] will be in 19° 36' [Capricorn], or about -the middle of the 7th house. And note that the number of degrees of a -sign on the cusp of any house shows that that sign commenced _in_ the -previous house. Supposing the [Sun] had been 1° of [Capricorn], we -should then have placed it in the 6th house, a little below the cusp of -the 7th. When a planet is _Retrograde_ (shown in the Ephemeris thus, -_R._), we _add_ the amount to the longitude when the event is before -noon or a.m., and _deduct_ it from the longitude when the event is -after noon or p.m. The mode of giving the judgment on a horoscope will -be shown farther on. - - - - -CHAPTER IX. - -OF THE INFLUENCES OF THE FIXED STARS - - -The fixed stars are so called because they appear to keep at the same -distance from one another in the heavens. All of these stars have their -respective influences analogous to those of the planets. The following -table of the principal fixed stars, with their several magnitudes and -natures, will be found useful. It is only those of the first and second -magnitude which much affect us; the influence of those stars marked as -of fourth magnitude is very slight. The time of the rising and setting -of the fixed stars varies according to the latitudes of the places of -observation. Their longitudes increase at the annual rate of 50 -seconds, but their latitudes vary very little. The right ascension and -declinations of the numerous fixed stars are given every year in the -Nautical Almanack. - - - TABLE OF THE PRINCIPAL FIXED STARS, WITH THEIR MAGNITUDES AND - NATURES. - - _Stars._ _Magnitudes._ _Natures._ - - South End of the Tail of the Whale 2 Of the nature of Saturn. - The Star in the Wing of Pegasus 2 Mars and Mercury. - The Head of Andromeda 2 Jupiter and Venus. - The Whale's Belly 4 Saturn. - The Girdle of Andromeda 2 Venus. - The Bright Star in the Head of Aries 3 Saturn and Mars. - The Left Foot of Andromeda 2 Venus. - The Bright Star in the Jaw of the Whale 2 Saturn. - Caput Algol 2 Saturn and Jupiter. - The Pleiades or Seven Stars 5 Mars and the Moon. - The Middle Star in the Pleiades 3 Mars and the Moon. - Oculus Taurus 3 Venus. - Aldebaran 1 Mars. - Rigel 1 Jupiter and Venus. - The Foremost Shoulder of Orion 2 Mars and Mercury. - The She-Goat 1 Mercury and Mars. - The Middle Star in Orion's Belt 2 Jupiter and Saturn. - The Highest Star in the Head of Orion 4 Jupiter and Saturn. - The Star in the Horn of the Bull 3 Mars. - Propus 4 Mars. - The Right Shoulder of Auriga 2 Mars and Mercury. - The Foot of Gemini 2 Mercury and Venus. - Castor 2 Mars, Venus and Saturn. - Pollux 2 Mars. - The Smaller Dog Star 2 Mercury and Mars. - Præsepe[8] 1 Mars and the Moon. - North Asellus 4 Mars and the Sun. - South Asellus 4 Mars and the Sun. - Cor Leonis or Regulus 1 Mars. - Heart of Hydra 1 Saturn and Venus. - Vindemiatrix 3 Saturn, Venus and Mercury. - The Back of the Lion 2 Saturn and Venus. - The Tail of the Lion 1 Saturn, Venus and Mercury. - Crater 4 Venus and Mercury. - Arcturus 1 Jupiter and Mars. - The Virgin's Spike or Arista 1 Venus and Mars. - The South Balance 2 Saturn and Venus. - The North Balance 2 Jupiter and Mars. - The Left Hand of Ophiucus 3 Mars and Saturn. - The Highest Star in Head of Scorpio 2 Saturn and Venus. - The Left Knee of Ophiucus 3 Saturn and Venus. - Cor Scorpio 2 Mars and Jupiter. - Antares 1 Mars. - The Right Knee of Ophiucus 3 Saturn and Venus. - The Bright Star of the Vulture 2 Saturn and Mercury. - The Mouth of Pegasus 3 Venus and Mercury. - The Tail of the Goat 3 Saturn. - Marchab 2 Mars and Mercury. - Fomalhaut 1 Venus and Mercury. - Scheat-Pegasi 2 Saturn. - - [8] The nebulous mass in the body of the Crab. - -To know when any of these fixed stars will affect the horoscope we must -note the sign and degree on the cusps of the houses, and if (on -consulting the Ephemeris) any of these stars should be found to be -ascending or descending within five degrees of the signs upon the cusps -of the several houses, they must be entered in the same manner as the -planets, and their qualities weighed according to the nature of the -planet or planets with which they correspond, as shown by the table -given. - -The influences of the fixed stars are not much considered by the modern -astrologers, yet in certain positions their power is undeniable. The -conjunction and opposition are the only aspects to be considered in -regard to them, as they do not operate on the planets by sextile, -square, or trine aspects. When a fixed star happens to be in -conjunction with the Sun at birth, certain effects are distinctly -traceable. For example, the Sun conjoined with Aldebaran, Hercules, -Antares, or any fixed star having the nature of Mars, threatens a -violent death, or, at best, constant illness to the native. The Sun, -with the Pleiades, Castor, Pollux, or Præsepe, shows a cruel and -headstrong disposition in the native and the _probability_ of violent -death. The star Arista, with the Sun, gives great and lasting good -fortune. All the stars of the nature of Saturn, conjoined with the Sun, -bring calamity and disgrace. When a fixed star, whose latitude does not -differ much from that of the Moon, is in conjunction with her, certain -effects are produced; for instance, when she is conjoined with -Aldebaran or Pollux violent death is indicated; when with the Pleiades -injury to the eyes or blindness. The Moon with Antares and in -opposition to Saturn with Aldebaran, shows death by strangulation. The -Moon, with Aldebaran or Antares either in the ascendant or in the -mid-heaven, gives brilliant honours, but not without many attendant -dangers and hair-breadth escapes. Fixed stars of the _first_ magnitude, -near the cusp of the seventh house, show a rich wife, but her -disposition will sympathise with the planetary qualities of the star. -Fomalhaut and Rigel, in either the ascendant or mid-heaven, give fame -after death. Sirius, the Dog Star, in conjunction with the Sun, either -in the ascendant or mid-heaven, gives preferment and honours from -royalty. Caput Algol, in conjunction with the Sun in the eighth house -and in square to Mars, shows decapitation. - - - - -CHAPTER X. - -OF THE EFFECT OF EACH PLANET IN EACH OF THE TWELVE HOUSES - - -Saturn in the first house, or ascendant, shows melancholy and many -sorrows, and if near the ascendant probability of early death; in the -second house pecuniary troubles; in the third quarrels with brothers -and sisters, and dangers and losses in travelling; in the fourth house -death of father or mother, and loss of friends; in the fifth barrenness -or death of children; in the sixth illness, worries with servants and -losses from cattle; in the seventh an ungovernable wife and unhappy -marriage; in the eighth violent death and loss of legacies; in the -ninth losses by sea; in the tenth dishonour and imprisonment; in the -eleventh deep depression and false friends; in the twelfth sorrow, -trouble and persecution from secret enemies. If the planet is -strong--that is, well-dignified--these evils are much lessened. - -Jupiter in the first house gives a good, happy and long life; in the -second riches; in the third family affection and fortunate short -journeys; in the fourth lands and inheritance with an honourable life -and end; in the fifth many children who are good and affectionate; in -the sixth faithful servants and fortunate dealings respecting cattle; -in the seventh honourable marriage; in the eighth long life and natural -death; in the ninth profitable sea voyages; in the tenth preferment and -honours; in the eleventh faithful friends; in the twelfth victory over -secret enemies. This, of course, means when the planet is strong in -dignities; if weak the good will be somewhat abated. - -Mars in the first house shows shortness of life and scars on the head -or face; in the second poverty and troubles; in the third quarrels with -kindred and dangers in travelling; in the fourth short life to the -fathers; in the fifth disobedient children; in the sixth fevers, bad -servants, and loss of cattle; in the seventh sensuality and unhappiness -in marriage; in the eighth a violent death; in the ninth irreligion and -losses at sea; in the tenth military preferment, but troubles from -great dignitaries; in the eleventh false friends and loss of money; in -the twelfth imprisonment. This is when Mars is afflicted, but if -well-aspected these evils are somewhat abated. - -The Sun in the first house gives honour, glory, and long life; in the -second much riches, but great extravagance; in the third good brethren -and fortunate journeys; in the fourth a noble inheritance and honours -in old age; in the fifth few children, yet such as will be a comfort; -in the sixth diseases of the mind; in the seventh a good wife, -honourable adversaries, and sickness; in the eighth good dowry with the -wife, but danger of a violent death; in the ninth gain by the sea, and -ecclesiastical dignities; in the tenth gain from princes and noble -women; in the eleventh distinguished friendships; in the twelfth -powerful adversaries. This is if the Sun is well-dignified; if weak the -good fortune is not so pronounced. - -Venus in the first house gives good health, but sensuality as regards -the opposite sex; in the second riches by means of women; in the third, -in a woman's horoscope, by means of lovers above her in rank; in the -fourth inheritance; in the fifth many children; in the sixth illness -from excesses; in the seventh a good and beautiful wife and very few -enemies; in the eighth a good dowry with the wife and a natural death; -in the ninth good fortune by sea; in the tenth honour and preferment -through the means of some one of the opposite sex; in the eleventh -sympathetic friends; in the twelfth freedom from the power of private -enemies. This if Venus be strong; if weak the good fortune is less -pronounced. - -Mercury in the first house gives noble thoughts, graceful elocution, -and love of art and science; in the second profit by intellectual work; -in the third mathematical skill, swift and prosperous journeys; in the -fourth the gain of an inheritance by craftiness; in the fifth clever -children; in the sixth thieving servants and diseases of the brain; in -the seventh a fomenter of quarrels, but a discreet wife; in the eighth -death by consumption; in the ninth wonderful ability, especially in -occult matters; in the tenth much preferment for ability; in the -eleventh inconstant friends; in the twelfth secret enemies, but they -will not much affect the destiny. This is when Mercury is -well-dignified. If weak the good fortune is much lessened. - -The Moon in the ascendant, or first house, shows the native will travel -and will gain the favour of noble persons; in the second she sometimes -gives unstable fortune, riches, and poverty alternately; in the third -long journeys; in the fourth profit by travelling; in the fifth many -children; in the sixth diseases of the brain, but good servants; in the -seventh honourable marriage; in the eighth danger by drowning, but -otherwise a long and healthy life; in the ninth many long sea voyages, -inconstancy in religion, and love of art; in the tenth great honours; -in the eleventh the friendship of noble personages; in the twelfth the -common people will be the native's enemies and do him much wrong. - -The Dragon's Head when posited in the first house shows poverty; in the -second a good estate; in the third honest kindred and fortunate -journeys; in the fourth gain by travels; in the fifth long life and -good children; in the sixth health and good servants; in the seventh a -virtuous wife; in the eighth many legacies and a natural death; in the -ninth prosperity at sea; in the tenth honour; in the eleventh faithful -friends; in the twelfth open enemies. - -The Dragon's Tail in the same places signifies the contrary in all -things. - - - - -CHAPTER XI. - -ON FORMING A GENERAL JUDGMENT ON A NATIVITY - - -Respecting the distribution of the doctrine of nativities, we are to -consider first the _parents_, then the duration of life; the shape and -figure of the body; after these the quality of the mind; then as to -fortune in regard to honours as well as wealth. In succession to these -the character of the employment; the questions relative to marriage, -children, and friendships; then that concerning travel; and lastly, -that concerning the _kind_ of death which awaits the native from the -configuration of the heavens at his birth. - -_The Parents._--In conformity with nature, says Ptolemy, the Sun and -Saturn are allotted to the person of the father, and the Moon and Venus -to that of the mother; and the mode in which these luminaries and -planets may be found posited, with reference to each other as well as -to other planets and stars, will intimate the situation of affairs -affecting the parents. - -If Mars should be in bad aspect to the Sun, the father will receive -some injury to the face or die suddenly; but a long life is presaged if -Jupiter or Venus be in any mode whatever configurated with either the -Sun or Saturn. - -If Mars be succedent to the Moon or Venus, or in quartile or opposition -to them, or if Saturn be similarly aspected to the Moon only, and both -of them be void of course or retrograde, or cadent, adverse accidents -and disease will attend the mother; should they, on the other hand, be -swift in motion and placed in angles, they portend that her life will -be short or grievously afflicted. - -Should the Sun be configurated, in any mode whatever, with the Moon or -Venus, or should Venus herself be harmoniously configurated with the -Moon, either by the sextile, the trine, or the conjunction, the mother -will live long. - -Concerning the duration of the native's own life, the Hylegliacal[9] -places are, according to Ptolemy, the sign on the angle of the -ascendant from the fifth degree above the horizon to the twenty-fifth -degree below it; the thirty degrees in dexter sextile thereto -constituting the eleventh house; also the thirty degrees in dexter -quartile forming the Mid-heaven above the earth; those in dexter trine -making the ninth house; and, lastly, those in opposition belonging to -the angle of the west. - - [9] Hyleg is the word used for that body or point which is - the giver of life. - -Among these places, the degrees which constitute the Mid-heaven are -entitled to preference, as being of a more potent influence; the -degrees in the Ascendant are next in virtue; then the degrees in the -eleventh house, succedent to the Mid-heaven; then those in the angle of -the west; and, lastly, those in the ninth house, which precedes the -Mid-heaven. - -He also holds that "the Sun, the Moon, and the Ascendant to be -considered as the four principally liable to be elected to the office -of prorogator"--or HYLEG. - -These views are not adopted by the modern astrologers, but as this is a -book _setting forth the ancient methods_ it is needless to discuss -the various objections made by them to this, as to some other of the -theories laid down by Ptolemy. - -Among the four prorogators already given, the Sun by day is to be -preferred, provided he is placed in one of the Hylegliacal places, and -if not, the Moon; but if the Moon also should not be so posited that -planet is to be elected as Hyleg which may have most claims to dominion -in reference to the Sun, the Moon and the Ascendant, which means that -the planet should have dominion, in any one of the places where these -are situated, by at least three dignities. If, however, no planet -should be so circumstanced the Ascendant is then to be taken as Hyleg. - -By night the Moon is to be elected as prorogator, provided, in like -manner, she should be in some prorogatory place; and if she be not, the -Sun; if he also be not in any prorogatory place, then that planet which -may have most right of dominion in reference to the Moon, and the -antecedent full Moon, and the Part of Fortune. But if there be no -planet claiming dominion in the mode prescribed the Ascendant must be -taken; in case a new Moon had last preceded the birth; but if a full -Moon, the Part of Fortune. - -If the two luminaries and also some ruling planet of appropriate -condition should be each posited in a prorogatory place, then, provided -one luminary may be found to occupy some place more important and -influential than the others, that luminary must be chosen; but should -the ruling planet occupy the stronger place, and have prerogatives of -dominion suitable to the conditions of both luminaries, the planet must -then be preferred to either of them. - -When the Hyleg has been determined by the foregoing rules, then note -whether it is supported by benevolent planets in good aspects towards -it and free from affliction--that is, from evil aspects from evil -planets--if so, the life is likely to continue and the constitution to -be strong; but if the Hyleg, whether it be the Sun, the Moon, or the -Ascendant, be afflicted with evil planets and there be no assistance -from good planets, the child will die in infancy: if there be some -assistance from good planets, but yet the evil aspects exceed the good, -the constitution will be weak and the first train of evil directions -will destroy the life. - -Concerning the disposition and quality of the mind, we must look -principally to the planets in the Ascendant, the influences of which -over mind and body have already been given in the chapter on the seven -planets. We must, however, always bear in mind that Mercury has chief -dominion over the mental faculties, whilst the sentient passions are -governed by the Moon and the planet in the ascendant. The Moon -well-aspected, that is, in trine, sextile, or conjunction to Mercury at -birth, will give to the native excellent abilities, ingenuity, -versatility and wit. Even the evil aspects of the square and opposition -are better than no aspects at all, though these sometimes produce a -cynical and obstinate nature. - -The abilities of those born when Mercury is in "cazimi" (that is, -within seventeen minutes of the Sun's centre) are of the highest order. - -Mercury in conjunction with Saturn at birth gives clear judgment and a -love of occult subjects. - -Venus in good aspect with Mercury gives love of music and an artistic -nature. - -If Mercury and the Moon throw no aspect to each other and are afflicted -by Mars and Saturn, the native will be liable to become insane.[10] - - [10] This was the case at the birth of George the Third of - England; at that of the Emperor Paul of Russia; Maria, Queen - of Portugal; Charles the Second, King of Spain; and Murad the - Fifth, Sultan of Turkey; and all these sovereigns, as is well - known, became insane. - -The fortune of wealth is determined by the Sun and the Moon; if they -are in good position, that is, angular and well-aspected by the two -luminaries, the native will be rich. If the Sun and the Moon are well -placed, and if there be benefic stars in the Mid-heaven, the native -will rank high in the world. If the contrary, the native never rises -above mediocrity; and if Saturn afflicts the Mid-heaven, he meets -disgrace. If Mars is strong and in good aspect to the Sun and Moon, he -will gain military glory. Jupiter on the Mid-heaven and the Sun and -Moon in trine to each other, the Moon, having the trine of Jupiter, is -one of the best positions for rising in the world. Jupiter in the tenth -house will cause the native to do fairly well in the world; but Saturn -in that house, if not extremely well-aspected, will bring him to shame -and beggary. - -Concerning the nature of employment, the dominion of the employment is -claimed by the Sun and by the planet on the Mid-heaven. If Mercury -should rule alone he produces writers, teachers of science, merchants -and bankers; also, if well-aspected to Saturn and the Moon, astrologers -and students of all occult matters; if Jupiter is in conjunction, then -the native will be an orator, actor, or painter and his pursuits will -lead him into the society of persons of rank. - -Venus ruling makes wine-merchants, dealers in colours, dyes, perfumes, -drugs, garments or apparel, &c.; if connected with Saturn, she makes -persons have to do with amusement, players, jugglers, &c.; if with -Jupiter, persons attending exhibitions and priests who have much -personal decoration such as Catholic priests, bishops, &c. and they -will gain by women. Mars ruling alone makes martial men and, if in -Scorpio, Cancer, or Pisces, naval men.[11] The Sun joined with him, -being near the Mid-heaven, or in aspect, makes persons dealing with -fire or metals, the latter especially if in Taurus or Leo. If Mars be -separated from the Sun, he makes shipwrights, smiths, agriculturists, -stonemasons and carpenters. - - [11] At Admiral Nelson's birth Mars was rising in the sign - Scorpio. - -If Saturn bear testimony in addition to Mars, persons become mariners, -workers in mines, wells, vaults, &c., underground, keepers of cattle, -cooks, butchers. If Jupiter join with Mars, they will be soldiers, -innkeepers, tax-gatherers, mechanics. If Mercury and Venus become joint -arbiters of employment, they produce musicians, dancers, poets, weavers -and painters, &c. Jupiter in connection with them makes magistrates and -senators and also teachers of youth. Mercury with Mars makes surgeons, -statuaries, boxers. If Mercury be more powerful, they will be -scientific; and if Mars be stronger, they will be more violent and -cruel in their practices.[12] If Saturn join these two, they will be -thieves (especially if the Moon be in ill aspect to Mercury); if [Moon] -be in ill aspect to [Mars], they will be robbers or assassins. If -Jupiter join [Mercury] and [Mars], they engage in honourable warfare -and are industrious. If Venus and Mars rule together, persons will be -dyers, workers in tin, lead, gold, silver and medical drugs. - - [12] Probably vivisectionists. - -The Moon regulating the employment and, separating from the Sun and -forming an aspect with Mercury, inclines to the pursuit of astrology, -spiritualism and magic. - -_Concerning Marriage_, Ptolemy has laid down some very clear -rules. He advises persons about to marry to have a care that the -luminaries--that is, the Sun and Moon in their respective -nativities--are in concord. It is of happy augury if the Moon in the -bridegroom's nativity is in good aspect--that is, in trine or sextile -to the Sun in the bride's nativity. The Square or Opposition aspects -formed between the luminaries in the two nativities indicate discord -and separation, and very evil effects follow if the malefic planets, -Saturn and Mars, have a bad aspect to the Sun and Moon in both -nativities. If Venus be with them the separation will be caused by -adultery. Good planets, such as Jupiter and Venus, placed between the -luminaries in both nativities, show much happiness. - -In men's nativities the Moon must be chiefly considered in regard to -marriage. Should she be in her first or third quarter at birth, the man -will marry under thirty, or if older his wife will be a very young -woman. - -If the Moon be configurated with Saturn, she entirely denies marriage. -If she should be in a sign of single form, such as Libra or Taurus, the -native will marry only once, but if she should be placed in a -double-bodied sign, such as Pisces or Sagittarius, the man will marry -more than once. - -If the Moon make application to the benefics, the wives will be good -and true; but if she make application to evil planets, the wives will -prove either bad or of a quarrelsome disposition. For example: If -Saturn receives the Moon's application the wife will prove troublesome -and morose, yet constant and industrious; if Jupiter receive it, the -wife will be decorous, good and economical; if Mars, bold and -refractory; if Venus, cheerful, handsome and agreeable; if Mercury, -sensible, prudent and clever. - -Women in whose nativities Venus is configurated with Jupiter or Mercury -are virtuous and well-conducted; but, when Venus is with Mars and no -other planet is there, women born under such aspects are liable to -become licentious. Mars in square to Venus shows adultery. - -For women the Sun is to be chiefly regarded in estimating their chances -of marriage and happiness. If the Sun be oriental (_i.e._, between -the Ascendant and Mid-heaven, or between the Descendant and Nadir) the -native will marry in her youth; or when old, to a young man. If the Sun -be occidental, the native will marry late in life; or when young, to an -old man. If the Sun be in a sign of single form, she will marry but -once; if in a double-bodied sign, or configurated with several oriental -planets (in one sign) she will marry more than once. If Saturn be -configurated with the Sun, the husband will be steadfast, prosperous -and industrious. - -Jupiter configurated with the Sun gives a good, benevolent and -honourable husband. "Mars," says Ptolemy, "gives a severe husband, void -of affection and intractable." Venus gives an amiable husband of -handsome appearance. Mercury gives one who is provident and expert in -business and of a lively and cheerful temperament. - -If Mars be separated from Venus and Saturn, yet have the assistance of -Jupiter, men will lead virtuous lives. If Mars be configurated with -Venus _only_ men are of a licentious temperament. - -Saturn, when in the 7th house of a nativity, brings either unhappiness -in marriage or early death of one or other of the married people. The -Sun badly aspected by Saturn in the nativity of a woman and the Moon -afflicted by the same planet in the nativity of a man, will bring -trouble in love and marriage. - -_Description of the wife or husband._--The planet with the sign in -which it is placed, which is posited near the cusp of the 7th house, -must be taken to describe the person. If no planet should happen to be -so placed, then we must go by the sign alone. Benefic planets in the -8th house show that the wife or husband will be rich; unfortunate -planets show the reverse. - -_Children._--As regards the probability of having children, the 10th -and 11th houses must be consulted and, should there be no planets in -them, then the opposite, the 4th and 5th houses, must be considered. -The Moon, Jupiter and Venus are said to be givers of children; the Sun, -Mars and Saturn deny children, or give very few and those either die -early, or are a source of trouble to their parents. Mercury either -gives or denies according to the planets with which he may happen to be -posited. - -If the Sun and malefics be in barren signs or in masculine signs and in -the before-named houses, there will be no children; but if they be in -fruitful or feminine, or common signs, there may be children, but they -will be delicate and short-lived. - -If Jupiter, the Moon and Venus, are well-dignified in the 10th and 11th -houses, the children born will attain rank and distinction in the -world. - -_Friends and Enemies._--Persons born under the same sign of the -zodiac are likely to be sympathetic; so also if the planet in the -ascendant of one person's nativity is one which is friendly to that -which rises in the ascendant in the other's. Thus, a person whose -ruling planet is Venus would be attracted by one in whose ascendant -Mars is dominant and a person whose ruling planet is the Moon rarely -contracts a warm friendship with one who has Mars in the ascendant of -his nativity and _vice versâ_. The friendships and enmities of the -planets have already been given in the chapter on the influences of the -seven planets. - -Mars in bad aspect to the Sun or Moon in the 7th house causes quarrels -in married life. - -_Travelling._--The position of the Moon and Mars are here to be -considered. If they should be in a cadent position the native will -travel a great deal. The Moon in a watery sign causes much travelling -by water. Ptolemy tells us that Mars in square or opposition to the Sun -or Moon will cause much travelling in foreign countries. If the -benefics are conjoined with the Moon, the journeys will be safe and -pleasant; if with the malefics they will produce mischances and -ill-health in travelling. Mercury ascending at birth, in a -double-bodied or moveable sign, shows a great disposition to travel. If -a malefic affecting the Moon should be in the watery signs of Cancer, -Scorpio, or Pisces, shipwreck and even death by drowning may ensue -during travelling. - -_Of the Manner of Death._--If the Hyleg and Ascendant should be -well-aspected and if either Jupiter, Venus, Mercury or the Moon -well-dignified should appear in the eighth house the native will die a -natural death. If either the Sun or Moon should be badly aspected by -Mars or Saturn in the eighth house it is significant of a violent or -remarkable death. Saturn causes lingering deaths and Mars those which -are sudden. - -_Saturn_ indicates death by chronic diseases, rheumatism, ague and -paralysis. - -_Jupiter_ (when not well-aspected at birth) may become a -promittor, or cause of death, by apoplexy, inflammation of the lungs, -spasms, or gout. - -_Mars_ indicates death by acute or eruptive fevers, small-pox, all -kinds of hæmorrhage, burns, suicides and wounds from iron, over which -metal he presides. - -_Venus_ produces death by cancer, scurvy, dysentery, or wasting -away and putrid diseases. If violence attends she causes death by -poisoning. - -_Mercury_ kills by madness, epilepsy, coughs and obstructions. If -violence concur he brings death by accident in sport or by robbers. - -_The Moon._--When the Ascendant or [Sun] be Hyleg, the -Moon will assist in causing death by cold phlegmatic diseases and if -she be placed in [Cancer], [Scorpio], or [Pisces], by drowning. - -_The Sun_ will assist to cause death by his ill aspects to the -Ascendant or [Moon] if they be Hyleg and then he acts like Mars, -and if in _Leo_, will produce death by fire, if other testimonies -agree. - -The benefics cannot cause death of _themselves_; and even their -[Opposition] aspects will frequently save life when they fall -amidst a train of evil directions. But if the malefic influence is too -powerful for them to avert, then they cause death in the various -manners above described. - - [Illustration: _A Dogge Missing--where?_ - - _FACSIMILE OF A MAP OF A HORARY QUESTION FROM LILLY'S ASTROLOGY._ - - _To face Chapter XII._] - - - - - -CHAPTER XII. - -CONCERNING DIRECTIONS AND HORARY QUESTIONS - - -We have seen in the chapter on the judgment of a nativity that by the -consideration of the position of the planets and of the Sun and Moon in -the twelve houses, what the _general_ fortune of the native will be in -the whole course of his life; but the art of Direction measures out the -time into years, months, weeks and days and thus informs us when we may -expect in _particular_ what is _generally_ promised us in the nativity. - -Directions are of two kinds, _primary_ and _secondary_, and are based -upon arithmetical calculations of the time of the events caused by the -aspects of the significators (that is, of the Sun or the Moon), with -the places of the planets. They are founded upon the familiarities of -the stars amongst each other in the zodiac (_after the nativity_), and -show, by calculations, the distance of the place of a significator at -the moment of the nativity from the place it must reach before it can -join the aspect, which distance is called _the Arc of Direction_. Some -astrologers consider what are called "_Mundane Directions_," which are -distances in the world measured by the semi-arc, and are wholly -independent of the zodiac. These were invented by Placidus, but as -Ptolemy does not treat of them they will not be considered here. - -It must always be remembered that--in directions--the place of a -planet, at the time of the nativity, is called the planet itself, -although it may not be there when the significator arrives; thus, if we -wish to direct the Sun to the conjunction of Jupiter, we must do so to -the position which that planet occupied _at the moment_ of the -nativity. When the Arc of Direction is found the Sun's right ascension -must be added to it, and the Sun will be the right ascension (without -latitude) of that place in the zodiac at which, when the Sun arrives, -the direction will be completed. For every day of the Sun's approach to -this point a year must be added, and thus the time when the event is -likely to happen is pointed out: these primary directions, however, -cannot be depended upon to produce an event of great importance unless -the secondary directions agree; but where the nativity is weak the -primary direction alone is powerful enough to kill (especially if it -should be opposed to the Hyleg), and misfortune will always happen if -the positions of the planets, at the moment of birth, are unfortunate, -_without_ the coincidence of any secondary direction. - -_Secondary Directions_ are those daily aspects to the luminaries which -happen after birth, every day of which is reckoned for a year, two -hours for a month, thirty minutes for a week, and four minutes for a -day.[13] Thus, whatever aspects take place in the _first day_ of the -native's life will develop their effects in the first year and those of -the second day in the second year, so that, should the native live -fifty years, his secondary direction for his fiftieth year will arise -from the aspects which took place on the fiftieth day after his birth. -The ancient astrologers--particularly the Egyptians--used to predict -the events of a nativity _wholly_ from these secondary directions,[14] -in which the Moon should be chiefly considered; for in those days on -which she comes to an evil aspect with the malefics, Saturn or Mars, -the years corresponding to those days will be peculiarly unfortunate -and dangerous to the native; and where, on the contrary, the Moon is -well-aspected to the benefics, the years corresponding to those days -will be very fortunate: a good direction gives prosperity in that -matter which the significator indicates; thus we direct the Sun to -signify the native's preferment or disgrace, his good or bad health, -and the favour or disesteem of great personages. - - [13] These aspects can all be judged from the Ephemeris of - the year of birth. - - [14] And these secondary directions being so much easier to - calculate, students are advised to follow the ancient methods - in this as in all else relating to this old-world study. - -The direction of the Moon refers to the nature of the native's -journeys, whether prosperous or the reverse, his marriage, his wife, -his women friends and kinsfolk. - -The direction of Saturn signifies the native's inheritance, buildings, -possessions, and also his fears, jealousies and mistrusts. - -Jupiter is directed as regards glory, renown, riches, children and -religion. - -Mars is directed for the native's law-suits, animosities and victories; -he also shows the estates of brethren. - -Venus is directed for marriage, love and pleasure and all matters in -connection with women. - -Mercury is directed for a knowledge of the amount of wit, -understanding, trade, industry, and journeys of the native; also for -distinction in scholarship and all intellectual pursuits. - -The Horoscope or Ascendant is directed to signify the life, affections -and manners of the native. - -The Mid-heaven's direction affects the position and career of the -native. - -If the directions are to good aspects of benevolent planets, they -signify prosperity both of mind and body, cheerfulness and all manner -of earthly happiness; but if the horoscope should have directions to -the ill aspects of the malefics, Mars or Saturn, then evil is to be -expected of the nature given by the malevolent star. If directed to the -good aspects, such as the trine or sextile of these evil planets, the -misfortune is not so great, and even in some instances good may be -predicted. As, for example, the horoscope directed to the trine or -sextile of Mars gives preferment by arms; the same aspects towards -Saturn would indicate success in building or in mines, or some calling -connected with metals. - -The occasional differences in the life, tastes, health, marriage and -pecuniary affairs of twins, born within ten or twenty minutes of each -other, are accounted for by the fact that at the birth of the first -child the last degree of a sign may ascend with planets therein, or a -planet in the 2nd house at 5 p.m. may be in the 1st at 5.15 p.m. and -the early degrees of another sign may be exactly on the ascendant at -the birth of the second child. - -A planet may reach the M.C., or any other of the four cardinal points -at, say, 10 p.m. and ten minutes later have passed off, when its powers -would have greatly diminished. Though the signs rise and set at the -rate of 15° per hour, in our latitude from 50° to 60° North, it often -happens that 30° will ascend in fifty-two minutes. - -Horary questions are questions asked at a certain time when a person -feels anxious concerning any undertaking or impending event. A figure -or map of the heavens, like that erected for a nativity, is drawn out -for the minute in which the question is asked; and, if the astrologer -be skilful, and the querist sincere--that is, not putting the question -from frivolous motives--the answer will, in general, be true, for the -whole is the effect of that sympathy which pervades all nature and -which is the keynote of all divination under whatsoever form it is -practised. - -In horary questions the sign ascending and its lord represent the -querent, and to these the Moon is added and must be considered with the -lord of the ascendant. - -The house to which the thing belongs--about which enquiry is made--is -the significator of that person and thing, and every other house and -its lord are to be considered according to their respective -significations, so as to indicate the means and persons by which the -event, about which the enquiries are made, will be accelerated or -retarded. - -The dates of events are regulated by the signs and angles. For example, -should the significator of the event be in a movable sign and an angle -the event will come to pass in the same number of days as there are -degrees between the significator's aspect and the star to which it is -directed if the aspect be by _application_; if by _separation_, the -thing will _not_ take place at all. In one of the succedent houses -movable signs give months, common signs years and fixed signs bring -about the event, after much delay, and when all hopes of it are past. - -Significators in any of the cadent houses seldom do anything and, -should they bring about an event at all, they do so after much waiting -and with much trouble and vexation. - -The matter of horary questions is very well treated in Lilly's _Grammar -of Astrology_, published in 1647, and, by way of explaining the manner -in which this branch of astrology is worked, we give a _fac-simile_ of -a map of a horary question to be found in this book, with (verbatim) -Lilly's method of dealing with that particular question. - -_Judgment of the Figure given in Plate._--"Living in London, where -we have few or no small cattle as in the country, I cannot give example -of such creatures, but I once set the figure preceding concerning a -Dogge (which is in the nature of small beasts), which dogge was -missing. The question to me was what part of the city they should -search and if he should ever be recovered. - -"The querent was signified by the sign ascending and the lord thereof, -for, in his person, he was Saturnine and vitiated (according to the -Dragon's Tail in the ascendant) in his nature, mind and -understanding--that is, he was deformed in body and of a covetous -disposition. The sign of the sixth house and his lord signifies the -dogge, for that sign stands for sheep, hogs and small cattle. - -"The sign of Gemini is west, and by south the quarter of the heaven is -west; Mercury (the significator of the dogge) is in Libra, a western -sign, but southern quarter of heaven, tending towards the west; the -Moon is in Virgo, a south-west sign, and verging towards the western -angle. The strength of the testimonies being thus examined I found the -plurality to signify the west, and therefore I judged that the dogge -ought to be westward from the place where the owner lived, which was at -Temple Bar, wherefore I judged that the dogge was about Long Acre, or -the upper part of Drury Lane. In regard that Mercury (the significator -of the beast) was in a sign of the same triplicity as Gemini the -ascendant, which signifies London, and applied to a trine aspect of the -cusp of the sixth house, I judged that the dogge was not out of the -lines of communication, but was in the same quarter, of which I was -more confirmed by the trine of the Sun and Saturn. The sign in which -Mercury appeared was Libra--an airy sign; therefore I judged that the -dogge was in some chamber or upper room, and kept privately, or in -great secrecy, because the Moon was under the beams of the Sun; and -Mercury, the Moon and the Sun were in the eighth house: and because the -Sun on the Monday following would apply by trine to Saturn, the lord of -the ascendant, and the Moon to trine of Mars having exaltation in the -ascendant, I intimated to the owner of the beast that, in my opinion, -he should have his dogge again, or news of his dogge or small beast, -upon the Monday following, or near that time, which was true; for a -gentleman of the querent's acquaintance sent home the dogge the very -same day, about ten in the morning, who, by accident, coming to see a -friend in Long Acre, found the dogge chained up under a table, and, -knowing the dogge to be the querent's, sent him home as above said, to -my very great credit," and no doubt also to the great satisfaction of -"the dogge" himself. - - - - -CHAPTER XIII. - -SOLAR HOROSCOPES[15] - - -JANUARY.--AQUARIUS - - [15] Translated from a Hebrew manuscript found near Cairo in - 1836 at the time of the removal of the obelisk to France. - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-second of January -to the Twenty-first of February._ - -The man born under this influence will be of medium stature, good -genius and a great speaker. He will achieve what he desires and will -become famous in his own country. - -He will be subject to melancholy, very religious and of a highly -conscientious nature. The stars, however, destine him to pass through -much poverty in his youth and he will have other troubles in the matter -of deaths of relations and friends before he is thirty. He will travel -much and, in his early youth, he will suffer from illness. He will be -much influenced by women to his own detriment. He will lose his first -wife and will marry twice, but the second marriage will not be very -fortunate. At thirty he will be very seriously ill, but will recover -and live on to about sixty-four years. - -The woman who is born at the above-mentioned dates will have a charming -and expressive face; her eyes will be soft and beautiful in shape and -her hair of a medium brown colour, neither very dark nor very fair. In -character she will be slightly melancholy and of a romantic turn of -mind. She will be happy in her marriage. She will have a serious -illness at fifty, but will recover from it through the affectionate -care of her husband, and will live to a good old age, surrounded by her -children's children. - - -FEBRUARY.--PISCES - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-second of February -to the Twentieth of March._ - -The man who is born under the influence of this sign will be above -middle height, his chin will be fleshy, his eyes blue and his -complexion rather colourless. His forehead will be low and broad and -his eyes will express much kindness and goodness of disposition. He -will be very fond of aquatic pursuits and take great delight in -angling. He will not be studious, for he has not much perseverance, but -he will take delight in conversation of an instructive order. He will -not be much of a talker and will be slow to give his opinions on any -subject. He will be of a luxurious temperament and will be much -influenced by women. He will be economical in his household expenses, -but will spend money freely on his own pleasures out of his family -circle. He will be fond of travelling and will be more fortunate in -other places than in his own country. He will be ingenious and of good -counsel, yet wiser for others than for himself. He will lose his wife -early in life, but will not marry again, yet this more from indolence -than constancy of feeling. - -The woman born at this time will be fairly good looking; her eyes will -be light blue and she will have a fair complexion and a dimple in the -right cheek. She will be of a good disposition and kind to the poor; -but yet she will be self-indulgent and much given to luxury of all -sorts. She will marry twice and have many children, but the stars do -not promise her much happiness. She will die at sixty-eight. - - -MARCH.--ARIES - -_The qualities given by this sign of the Zodiac last from the -Twentieth of March to the Twentieth of April._ - -The man born under this sign will be of medium stature, of fierce -countenance, with an aquiline nose, quickly moving eyes and a strongly -marked dimple in the chin. His hair will be of a reddish tint, his -forehead broad and his complexion florid. He will be a loud talker and -have much inclination for women and also for the pleasures of the -table. He will be fond of field sports and very courageous. He will be -subject to accidents, both from fire and from four-footed beasts. He -will be capricious in his affections and will suffer much from his -affairs with women in his youth, but will grow wiser towards middle -age. He will not marry. At fifty he will lose much money and will fall -into poverty, and thus become alienated from the friends of his youth. -His life will not be prolonged much beyond fifty-five years. - -The woman born at this time will have a florid complexion, large -round-shaped eyes and a square chin. She will be of middle height and -rather strongly made. She will be quick-tempered, strong-willed, very -courageous and rather selfish. She will marry at twenty-three, but will -not have many children. She will be a widow in middle life and will -marry again within a year of her first husband's death. She will die -suddenly by an accident in her fifty-sixth year. - - -APRIL.--TAURUS - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-first of April to the -Twenty-first of May._ - -The man born under this sign will have full lips, a short throat, and a -mole at the back of his neck. He will be subject to sudden fits of -anger and will be fierce and cruel. He will be fond of women, but will -not be much liked by them and will suffer much in consequence. He will -be ambitious, fortunate in business and energetic. He will not be very -prudent in speech and will often get himself in trouble by -over-communicativeness. He will marry a rich wife and will acquire much -money by legacies from her relations. He will be very ill at forty, but -he will survive it and come into much riches soon after it. His life -will go on to about sixty-two, when he will die of much the same -illness which he had at forty. - -The woman born at this time will be graceful and well formed, with -luxuriant hair and a full and well-formed mouth. She will have a good -complexion and will have fascinating manners, so that she will much -attract men. She will run great risks both from fire and water, and she -will be subject to weakness of the eyes to such excess that towards the -end of her life she will have reason to fear blindness, but she will -escape this calamity. Although she will have many lovers she will only -marry once, for her husband will survive her. She will have many -children and they will all live. She herself will die before sixty. - - -MAY.--GEMINI - -_The influences of this sign will last from the Twenty-second of May -till the Twenty-first of June._ - -The man born under the influence of this sign will be subject to ulcers -and all skin diseases. He will be tall, well formed and of florid -complexion. He will be much liked for his amiable qualities and will -govern his family well. He will travel much in foreign countries and -will acquire many beautiful things in the course of his travels. He -will be attentive to women, very conscientious, gracious and valiant. -He will not be at all given up to luxury, but will be of a pious and -self-denying temperament. He will be bitten by some venomous reptile, -yet will not die of the wound, but will recover entirely from it in a -short time. He will be falsely accused of some sin and will be -imprisoned for it; but he will come out victorious and his innocence -will be acknowledged by all. His marriage is uncertain. - -The woman who is born at this time will be fluent of speech, gracious -in manners, witty and intelligent, but rather sensitive in temper. She -will be small of stature, slight in figure and of a fair complexion. -She will have well marked yet delicate eyebrows, brilliant eyes and -small white teeth; her hands will be slender, with pointed fingers. By -reason of her grace and wit she will be much loved, but she will not -marry until she is twenty-five. She will be passionately loved by her -husband, but she will not return his affection. She will have very few -children who will not live beyond childhood. She herself will die at -sixty-seven. - - -JUNE.--CANCER - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-first of June to -the Twenty-first of July._ - -The man born under this sign will be of medium height and will have -light hair and eyebrows. He will be given to deceit in his manners with -women and will be very inconsistent, yet always with such gracious -manners towards them that he will be much beloved by them. He will -travel much, and will suffer many misfortunes in the way of accidents. -He will in middle age lose much money through the misconduct of his -brothers, who will, by their extravagance, spend all the father's money -and thus leave only a poor inheritance. He will occupy himself with -agriculture and be successful with it. At forty he will suffer from a -very serious illness and his life will probably end at forty-eight. - -The woman born at this time will have large grey eyes, full lips and an -abundance of soft, rather colourless hair. She will be fond of luxury -and ease, and will be much given to the pleasures of the table, and -will eat much and drink more. She will marry early, but will not agree -with her husband by reason of her own inconstancy. She will be married -three times, and will get on better with her last husband than with the -two others. She will have several children, but they will all be of a -sickly constitution. She herself will have a very serious illness at -seventy which will cure her of all her troubles. - - -JULY.--LEO - -_The influences of this sign extend from the Twenty-first of July to -the Twenty-first of August._ - -The man born under this sign will be of middle height, but more -inclined to be tall than short; his hair will be of a red colour, and -his eyebrows will be well marked and much arched in their form. He will -be valiant, hot tempered, very talkative, somewhat boastful, but -pleasant and jovial in his manners. He will be a great admirer of -women, but not constant in his affection. He will marry once, but not -the woman he so much loves. - -The woman born at this time will be tall, with bright hair of a reddish -gold colour, grey eyes, with a bold fierce glance, and long features. -Her nose will be aquiline and the face a long oval. The lips will be -full but firmly closed and the teeth good and large. She will be quick -of temper and difficult to please, fond of pleasure and very ambitious -of shining in society. Her great desire for admiration will cause her -to be much talked about--not always in a manner pleasing to her -husband. She will marry early. She will lose her husband in early youth -and will marry again soon after her widowhood. She will be much subject -to illnesses through the blood, and at forty-eight she will have a very -serious illness; but she will recover and live another fifteen years, -but her life will always be full of anxieties and troubles. - - -AUGUST.--VIRGO - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-second of August to -the Twenty-third of September._ - -The man born under this influence will have an abundance of hair and -will have a large chin and a good complexion. He will be ambitious, -enterprising, and very valiant, but a little capricious. He will suffer -much illness and, when he is about thirty years of age, he will be -menaced by death or imprisonment, yet he shall escape both evils. He -will be of a sympathetic and benevolent disposition and will give good -counsel to his friends. He will have a beautiful wife whom he will -tenderly love, although she will not return his affections. - -A woman born at this time will be graceful and charming, with a -well-formed face, an agreeable expression, small mouth and -well-proportioned figure. Her voice will be one of her charms, and will -be clear and soft and singularly harmonious. She will be much loved and -admired for her wit, and will show much taste for music and dancing. -She will have fairly good health, and her beauty and charm of manner -will make her much sought after in marriage, but she will not accept -any of her numerous lovers until after her twenty-second birthday. She -will be much loved by her husband, and being inclined to be devout, she -will educate her children in the fear of God. She will die at -sixty-nine. - - -SEPTEMBER.--LIBRA - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-third of September -to the Twenty-third of October._ - -The man born under this sign will be fluent of speech and his voice -will be sonorous and will sound angry even when he is not so. He will -be wise and prudent and will be much esteemed by good men. He will be -just and honourable in all his dealings and will acquire the respect of -all who know him for his conscientious dealings with his fellow-men. He -will marry twice. His second wife, whom he will marry when he is turned -forty, will be extravagant, and will so worry him by spending all his -substance, that she will bring on his death before he is fifty. - -The woman born at this period will be, say the astrologers, cheerful -and of a kindly disposition. She will be of a lively temperament and -will easily learn both music and dancing and will excel in both. She -will be amiable, very caressing in manner and much loved by all who -know her. She will marry twice. Her first husband will be rich and of -mature age and very prudent. The second will be young and will soon -spend the greater part of the money left her by her first husband. She -will be gay, fond of pleasure and rather a coquette, which will much -displease the second husband. She will be rather given to gambling and -will lose money in this way, which will cause her much discomfort and -anxiety in her latter years. - - -OCTOBER.--SCORPIO - -_The influences of this sign will last from the Twenty-second of -October to the Twenty-first of November._ - -A man born under this sign will be short and broad in figure and -ungraceful in his movements. He will be dark in complexion; but the -hair will be of a red-brown colour, the eyebrows thick and meeting over -the nose. He will be prompt in judgment, but very wily and inconstant, -promising one thing and doing another, so much so, that those who have -once had dealings with him will never again have confidence in him, -knowing how likely he is to deceive them. He will be of a perverse and -irritable temper, which will cause him to have many enemies; and -notwithstanding all his acuteness, he will always be poor. He will -travel much and will lead a somewhat vagabond life. He is very unlikely -to marry, and he will probably die a violent death. - -The woman who is born under the influence of the Scorpion will be of a -reddish colouring and of middle height and strongly built. As regards -her character, she will be affable, much beloved by her relations, fond -of pleasure, yet very energetic in the discharge of her household -duties, sensitive in temper, a little revengeful and very ingenious and -of quick judgment. In her youth she will have much trouble from -lawsuits, but she need not fear the result, for as she is pious God -will always protect her. She will only marry once, at about her -twenty-sixth year, and will die at sixty-eight. She will have no -children. - - -NOVEMBER.--SAGITTARIUS - -_The influences of this sign continue from the Twenty-second of -November till the Twenty-first of December._ - -The man born under this sign will be of pale complexion and he will -have long features and dark hair and eyes. He will be prudent, studious -and economical. He will see many foreign countries and will gain much -money in his youth, by reason of which he will excite the envy of his -friends. He will receive much injury from a relative, who will -endeavour to prejudice people against him, but he will always be well -received and much liked in society. He will be generous to his friends, -but he will be badly recompensed for his kindness. He will be -persevering in his profession and will attain a good position in it. He -will be subject to internal complaints, but will live long. He will be -untrue to his wife, but he will be careful that she does not know it. -He will have several children, but they will be no comfort to him, as -they will be always ungrateful to him. - -The woman who is born at this time will be well formed, with luxuriant -hair and well-marked and rather arched eyebrows; her forehead will be -broad and her intellect good, but her temper easily irritated and over -sensitive, especially where her affections are concerned. She will be -timid, very constant both in love and friendship, generous in her -affections, yet very ill-requited in this respect. She will marry at -twenty-six and will have many children. She will suffer much from the -evil tongues of false friends, who will malign her to her husband, but -her innocence will be made known and in the end she will be fully -justified. She will live to sixty-eight. - - -DECEMBER.--CAPRICORNUS - -_The influences of this sign last from the Twenty-first of December -to the Twenty-second of January._ - -The man born under this influence will be of good complexion, his voice -will be clear and bright and he will be fluent of speech. He will have -a mole on his chin or on his right arm. He will be very much influenced -by women and will be a great lover of luxury. He is likely to be bitten -by some mad animal and he is also menaced by many illnesses of the eyes -and eyesight. He will be much deceived by a woman who will cause him -much injury. - -The woman born under this sign will be amiable, with an agreeable -countenance, a clear voice and a well-formed body. She will be twice -married. Her first husband will much love her. He will be a poor man, -but of a very conscientious nature and much respected for his -straightforwardness of character. Her second husband will be much -richer and of a gay and pleasure-loving nature, but he will not be so -affectionate as the first. She will suffer much from melancholia, and -when she is thirty she will have a very serious mental illness; but, by -the grace of God, she will recover from it and live until she is -forty-seven. - - - - -CHAPTER XIV. - -APHORISMS CULLED FROM THE WORKS OF PTOLEMY AND OTHER ANCIENT -ASTROLOGERS - - -Whosoever may be adapted to any particular event or pursuit will -assuredly have the star indicative thereof very potent in his nativity. - -If Virgo or Pisces be on the ascendant the native will create his own -dignity; but if Aries or Libra be there he will cause his own death. - -Venus gives pleasure to the native in that part of the body which may -be ruled by the sign she occupies. It is the same with other stars. - -Should a disease begin when the Moon may be in a sign occupied at the -birth by some malefic, or in quartile or opposition to any such sign, -such disease will be most severe; and if the malefic also behold the -said sign, it will be dangerous. On the other hand, there will be no -danger if the Moon be in a place held at the time of birth by some -benefic. - -In all horary questions remember that there is no affliction to the -Moon so great as when she is in conjunction with the Sun; the ill -aspects for the malefics must affect her, but no evil aspect is so -powerful as her conjunction. - -Mercury in trine or sextile to the Moon gives the capacity for -acquiring foreign languages. In bad aspect to the Moon makes the native -envious, sarcastic, ill-natured, given to lying and thieving. - -Saturn in trine or sextile to Venus shows much power of attachment to -wife and family. In a woman's nativity this is very good, as it -indicates purity. - -Those born near noon are generally successful in life, owing to the -Sun's influence being then most powerful. Those born near midnight are -by no means so fortunate as those born at midday, and it is a singular -peculiarity in such nativities that the most remarkable events of their -lives take place _after_ their thirtieth year, and they are also -certain of some kind of a name after death, meritorious or otherwise, -according to what their horoscope declares. Persons born near midnight -are very imaginative, and subject to see visions, dream dreams, and to -be believers in the unseen world. - -In all travels the Moon is to be considered, for she is a general -signifier of journeys, whether by sea or land. - -When the moon is besieged between Mars and the Sun in a nativity, it -argues a short life to the native. - -Mercury, if posited in one of the houses of Saturn, in trine or sextile -to that planet, gives excellent understanding; and if the moon be also -well-dignified, the native is much given to the study of occult -science, and will have much renown in that particular. - -Those born with the Moon powerful in their horoscopes would do well to -be guided by her aspects in their daily avocations. If she should be in -trine or sextile to Jupiter, it is a good day to seek favours of the -great, or to make arrangements with employers. When she is in trine or -sextile to Mercury, all intellectual matters taken in hand will be -likely to prosper. When she is so aspected to Venus, matters undertaken -with reference to love, marriage, or friendship will have a happy -issue. When she is in square or opposition she would have, of course, -the contrary effects. - -The Sun and Moon in conjunction with Mercury give to the native great -intellectual abilities. - -Those who have the benevolent planets, Jupiter and Venus, well posited -in either the ascendant or the mid-heaven at birth will always be much -beloved during the whole course of their lives. - -He who is born with the sun in trine to Jupiter is fond of rule, and -very famous in his generation. - -Venus in square to Saturn at a birth causes the native to be sensual -and given to unnatural vices. - -All the planets, or most of them above the earth, make the native -eminent and famous, and if all should be well-dignified, he will--like -a comet--outshine all others in the world's esteem. If, on the -contrary, all the planets are under the earth at a birth, the native -will be of a falling fame and fortune, or if they promise by their -natures honour, dignity and fortune (that is, if they appear -essentially dignified in nocturnal genitures), these good things will -only come in the latter part of the native's life. - -Jupiter in conjunction with the Moon in a watery sign gives -drunkenness. - -Venus in conjunction, trine or sextile to the Moon, gives happy -marriage, but in square to the Moon, prodigality, indolence and -drunkenness. - -Saturn in square to Mars means a malicious and murderous temperament, -and liability to imprisonment. - -It is advantageous to make choice of days and hours at a time well -constituted by the nativity. Should the time be adverse, the choice -will in no respect avail, however favourable an issue it may chance to -promise. - -A sagacious mind improves the operation of the heavens, as a skilful -farmer by cultivation improves nature. - - - - -Part II. - -CHIROMANCY - - "God has placed signs in the hands of all men, that every man may - know his work."--Job xxxvii. 7 (_St. Hierom's Translation_). - - - - -CHAPTER XV. - -CHIROMANCY AND ITS ORIGIN - - -Chiromancy is a science which teaches us to read not only the character -but the whole destiny--for good or evil, the length of life and often -the manner of death of a man by the lines and marks to be seen in his -hand. This study is sometimes called Palmistry, in which case, however, -it properly refers _only_ to a judgment formed from what appears in the -palm of the hand, whilst Chiromancy (taken from the word _Cheir_, a -hand, and _Manteia_, divination) signifies the revelations made by the -hand, taken as a whole. Chiromancy is nearly as ancient as astrology, -with which it is _indissolubly_ connected, for the hand represents, as -has been before said, a natural horoscope, which is placed upon it at -the time both of the conception and the birth by the influence of the -stars. The seven planets are all represented in the hand and also the -twelve signs of the zodiac, so that the casting of a nativity is -needless, as by simply examining a hand by the light of Chiromancy we -can indicate what planets have been powerful at the time of birth, and -what, therefore, will be their effect for good or evil over the -existence; and we can also find the dates of the principal events of -the life. We find many allusions to this subject in the Bible, and -still more in the ancient Kabbala. - -The Holy Kabbala, as it was called by the Magi, must not be confounded -with what is called "The Black Art"; it is, on the contrary, the -quintessence of reason and morality as they were understood by the -ancients and contains that traditional science of the secrets of nature -which, from age to age, is borne towards us as the wave is carried by -the tide to the shore; but it has been transmitted obscurely, because -the doctrines of the Kabbala were known only, in those early ages, to -the adept and the initiation, later on, of neophytes was only yielded -after a series of severe and terrible ordeals, whilst the revelation of -its mysteries to the uninitiated was punished by death. - -The necessity of silence was, in fact, one of the principal tenets of -the Kabbala and is represented, in the figure of Adda-Nari,[16] by the -position of the fingers of the hand holding the flowering branch of -Abundance; the thumb and the first two fingers, which in Chiromancy -represent _will_, _power_ and _fatality_, are held open; whilst the -third and fourth fingers, representing light and science, are closed. -This was meant to indicate to the good--the initiated--that they would -have, when united, strength and will to direct Fate; but that they must -keep hidden from the wicked and ignorant both light and science. It -must, however, in justice to the ancient Kabbalists, be suggested that -their inculcation of silence probably arose, not so much from a desire -of domination, but rather from the fact that, feeling themselves -superior in knowledge, they thought they were obeying a divine law in -refusing to the wicked those lights which, when possessed by them, led, -as perhaps they had sometimes found, to error. We, seeing things in a -wider light, give, or try to give, equal knowledge to all, without -submitting the ignorant to the ordeal of initiation to prove their -worthiness as recipients; but, after all, it amounts to much the same -thing--give to all men truth and light in abundance, but all will not -profit by it. We see this every day in our college system; the lesson -is the same for all, but it is only the few who profit by it; and -although we appear to be obeying a divine law in opening the way of -light and life--the life of knowledge--to all, as God makes His sun to -shine on good and bad equally, still we can, in some sort, understand -the feeling of the ancient Magi, whose motto was: "Know, Dare, Will, -but _keep Silence_." - - [16] Adda-Nari, Nature--that is, the deity known under the - name of Isis by the Egyptians. - - [Illustration: _To face Chapter XVI._] - - - - -CHAPTER XVI. - -THE PRINCIPAL LINES IN THE HAND AND THE MOUNTS - - -In the plate belonging to this chapter we give a hand on which are -marked the principal lines seen on the palm; three of which, viz., the -Line of Life, the Line of Head and the Line of Heart, are found in a -clearer or fainter degree on all hands, but which vary, as regards -their relative position, in every hand. The first and largest, that -which encircles the thumb, is called the Line of Life; by the length, -colour and evenness, or the reverse, of this line the length of life is -indicated, and also the illnesses and accidents by which the life is -menaced in running its course. The line immediately above it, crossing -the palm of the hand, is the Line of Head; by it we are to judge of the -intellectual powers. Above it is the Line of Heart, from which we form -an opinion of the strength of affection, or the want of it, in the -native. - -The lines which are not always to be found are the lines going from the -wrist to the finger of Saturn, which is called the Saturnian line, and -which shows the events of the life; the Line of the Sun, which goes -towards the finger of the Sun and which indicates success in art, -literature, or the pursuit of riches; and the Line of Health, which -goes from the wrist to the finger of Mercury: this line is often absent -in a hand. - -All these lines will be more fully discussed further on; at present it -is only necessary to name them in order to explain the plate belonging -to this chapter. - -At the base of each figure there is a mount, more or less developed, on -every hand. Now, each of these mounts corresponds with one of the -planets from which it has received more or less influence, according to -its development, and the signs or marks to be found upon it. - -It will be seen also, from the plate, that the ancients gave to each -finger the name of one of the planets, thus:-- - -The first finger represented Jupiter, the mount at its base being -called the Mount of Jupiter. - -The second, Saturn, the mount at its root being the Mount of Saturn. - -The third, the Sun, the mount below being the Mount of the Sun. - -The fourth, Mercury, the mount at its base being called the Mount of -Mercury. - -The thumb is sacred to Venus, and the root of the thumb is called the -Mount of Venus. - -It will also be seen that the planet Mars (although no finger is -dedicated to it) is twice represented in the hand, along the side of -the palm by the Mount of Mars, and in the palm, between the Line of -Life and the Line of the Head, which is called the Plain of Mars. - -The Moon is only represented by the Mount of the Moon, at the lower -part of the palm on the opposite side of the hand to the thumb. - -When these mounts are well in their places, and clearly but not too -strongly defined, they give the qualities of the planet they represent; -but when any mount is not well marked, or even, as frequently happens, -is quite deficient, there is a want of the qualities shown to exist -where the mount is clearly defined. If the mounts are not only -ill-defined, but represented by a cavity, that cavity would indicate -the existence of qualities which are the reverse of those indicated by -the mount; whereas an exceeding development would denote an excess of -the qualities given by the mount. - -Thus the Mount of Jupiter, which is immediately under the index finger, -when fairly developed, indicates noble ambition, will-power, love of -nature, kindliness, generosity, religion and happy marriage. When in -excess--that is, when the mount is so large as to invade that next -it--the Mount of Saturn--it gives superstition, exaggerated pride and -domineering self-assertion. The total absence of this mount (which is -sometimes, but rarely, seen) indicates coldness, selfishness, -irreligion and that want of dignity which is produced by the utter -absence of self-respect. - -The Mount of Saturn is found immediately beneath the second finger, -which the ancients assigned to Saturn, the planet of Fatality. Saturn -gives extreme misfortune, or extreme good fortune, according to the -development of the mount and the signs and lines to be seen upon it, -and the course of the Saturnian Line, or Line of Fate (of which we will -speak further on), in the palm of the hand. This mount also denotes a -tendency to occult science. Those born specially under the influence of -Saturn are timid, lovers of solitude, and very seldom marry, but are -very persistent in their affections when they do love. - -Saturn, when well developed, gives prudence, wisdom and, to a certain -extent, success; when in excess it gives sadness, taciturnity, -asceticism, dread of the after-life and yet, sometimes, a -predisposition to suicide. The total absence of the mount indicates an -insignificant existence. - -The Mount of the Sun is placed at the root of the third finger, which -was sacred to the Sun; when this mount is well developed it indicates -love of art and literature, which shows itself (according to -temperament) in poetry, painting, sculpture, or music; it gives also -religion of the æsthetic, tolerant sort, grace, riches and celebrity; -in excess it gives love of show, frivolity and vaingloriousness. The -total absence of the mount means a thoroughly material existence; -absence of all taste for art--a life without colour, a day without -sunlight. - -The Mount of Mercury is found at the base of the fourth finger, and, -when well defined, indicates intelligence, success in science and in -occult studies, the love of work and activity, both of mind and body -and eloquence; in excess it gives impudence, theft and falsehood: -absence of the mount indicates no aptitude for science, no -intellectuality--a negative existence. Of course, should the Mount of -the Sun be well defined, the last quality would be overridden by the -success which that indicates. - -The Mount of Mars is at the side of the hand opposite the thumb, just -below the Mount of Mercury, and, when well developed, indicates -courage, ardour and resolution; in excess it gives cruelty, anger, -revenge and tyranny: the absence of the mount gives cowardice and want -of self-command. - -The Mount of the Moon is found immediately below that of Mars, and, -when well developed, gives imagination of the dreamy, sentimental -order, gentle melancholy and love of solitude; in excess it gives -morbid melancholy, caprice and fantastic imagination: the absence of -the mount indicates want of poetry in the nature, positivism. - -The Mount of Venus, which is formed by the root of the thumb, -indicates, when fairly developed, love of the beautiful, melody in -music, the desire of pleasing and sensuous tenderness; in excess it -gives love of material pleasures, coquetry, inconstancy and (when other -signs, afterwards to be explained, are also seen in the hand) extreme -sensuality. - -Each planet has a special influence over certain parts of the body. -Jupiter governs the head and lungs; Saturn, the spleen and ears; the -Sun, heart, eyes and arms; Mercury, the liver and legs; Mars, the head -and throat; the Moon and Venus, the lower parts of the body. Any excess -in the length or size of the fingers or mounts argues a tendency to -disease in the organs represented by that finger or mount. When a -mount is--instead of being high--broad and full, it gives the same -indications as if it were high; if much covered with lines it shows an -overabundance of the quality of the mount, and is equal to an excess of -height. _One_ deep perpendicular line upon a mount is a fortunate sign; -_two_ show danger of too great force of the quality; and _three_ give -misfortune arising from excess of the qualities of the mount. Crossway -lines on the mount always denote obstacles. Some old Italian writers -affirm that fine cross lines on a mount signify wounds to that part of -the body over which the mount on which they are seen has influence. - -The mounts are often irregularly placed. If one should lean towards the -other, it absorbs some of the qualities of the mount which it invades. - - [Illustration: _To face Chapter XVII._] - - - - -CHAPTER XVII. - -THE LINE OF LIFE - - -The ancient Chiromancists divided the Line of Life into ten -compartments (see plate), each representing ten years of life, and thus -they were enabled to prognosticate at what date in the life the -illnesses or dangers indicated by the form or colour of the line would -be likely to happen. This plate is copied from one in the Sieur de -Peruchio's interesting work, _La Chiromance_, published in Paris in -1657. - -It will be noticed that the mounts are here indicated by the -astrological symbols of the various planets they represent, Mars being -placed on the Plain of Mars, and again on the Mount of Mars, which, as -we have already seen, lies immediately below the Mount of Mercury, It -will also be seen that the signs of the zodiac are also represented on -the hand: Aries (March), which begins the astrological year, is placed -at the base of the hand, close to the Mount of Venus; Taurus (April) is -on the Mount of Venus; Gemini (May) is at the base of the Mount of -Jupiter. These represent the spring-tide of the year, and also of life: -therefore they are placed on and near Venus, which planet represents -happiness and enjoyment. The signs Cancer (June), Leo (July) and Virgo -(August) represent the second age, which is given to the accumulation -of riches and honours: so these signs appear on the finger of Jupiter. -In the third age a person is supposed to enter upon the enjoyment of -dignities, therefore Libra (September), Scorpio (October) and -Sagittarius (November) are on the third finger, that of the Sun, which -is supposed to accord position and reputation. The last months of the -astrological year are thus placed: Capricornus (December) is beneath -the Mount of the Sun; Aquarius (January) is on the upper part of the -Mount of the Moon; and Pisces (February) will be seen at the base of -the Mount. - -When the Line of Life is long, well-formed, slightly coloured and goes -all round the thumb, it indicates a long life and free from serious -illness; but when the line is wide and pale in colour, it indicates bad -health; when it is short, it means early death. - -If the Line of Life is broken on one hand, but is marked in a -continuous line on the other, these signs indicate an illness of a very -serious nature; but if the broken line should appear in _both_ hands, -it means death at the epoch corresponding with the place on the line -where the break occurs. When the Line of Life is not clearly defined, -but is formed by a sort of chain of small lines, it indicates -continuous small illnesses. - -When the Line of Life, instead of starting from the side of the hand, -takes its rise in the Mount of Jupiter, which is sometimes, but rarely, -the case, it indicates a life of successful ambition, honours and -celebrity--qualities given by the influence of Jupiter. - -If the Line of Life joins the Line of the Heart and the Line of the -Head, it indicates grave misfortune or violent death, by which the -ancients probably meant to infer that when the heart and the head are -dominated by merely vital instincts, the life is menaced by misfortune, -but, when the Line of Life is _very far_ from the Line of Head, it -indicates a life that accomplishes its course without much -intelligence; so also if the Line of Life is very far from the Line of -Heart, it indicates a life without love. - -When the Line of Life is bi-forked at its termination, near the wrist, -it means a total change in the way of life towards its close and, -should one of the branches tend towards the Mount of the Moon, it -indicates madness towards the end of existence. A double Line of Life -is sometimes, but rarely, seen: this indicates excess of health and -long life and also success in a military career. This line is sometimes -called the Line of Mars. To a woman it indicates success in love. Three -stars inside the line, but so close to it as to be almost on it, show -that the subject will be much loved of men or women as the sex will -determine, but that these signs will bring distress. - -A circle on the Line of Life shows loss of an eye or disease of the eye -at the period at which it appears on the line. If two circles appear -the person will become blind. If the Line of Life terminates with many -small lines it means slight illnesses towards the close of life. - -A woman having two crosses on the upper part of the Line of Life is -sensuous and immodest. A line going from the Line of Life and -terminating with an island on the Mount of Jupiter shows lung disease -or pleurisy at the time where such line starts. If at the end of the -Line of Life, towards the wrist, there is a small triangle, it denotes -loquacity and falsehood; but with a good Line of Head and Heart, tact -and eloquence. - -When the Line of Life throws branches upwards towards the Plain of Mars -it means that, after long struggles, riches and honours will be -acquired in old age. A line upwards from the Line of Life to the Mount -of Jupiter shows success by the subject's own merits. This often makes -its appearance quite suddenly. - -A black spot on the Line of Life indicates an illness or some -misfortune which affects the health. Lines going from the base of the -thumb across the Mount of Venus and cutting the Line of Life denote -illness from money worries if they stop at the Line of Head; and from -heart troubles if they go direct to the Line of Heart. A line going -from the Line of Life straight to the Mount of Saturn indicates -accident from a four-footed beast. A line going from the Mount of Venus -to the Line of Heart and terminating with a fork shows separation after -marriage.[17] When this is seen, in conjunction with an island on the -line of Fate, it has a worse indication--that of adultery and divorce. -_One_ deep line going from the joint of the thumb across the Mount -of Venus and just cutting the Line of Life indicates a deep heart -sorrow from the death or faithlessness of someone much loved. - - [17] The date of this event would be determined by the place - where the separation line crosses the Line of Fate. - - - - -CHAPTER XVIII. - -THE LINE OF HEART AND LINE OF HEAD - - -The Line of Heart is placed immediately beneath the mounts at the root -of each finger. This line, when clear, straight and well coloured, -rising in the Mount of Jupiter and extending to the outer edge of the -hand, signifies that its possessor has a good heart capable of strong -affection. If, instead of commencing on the Mount of Jupiter, it does -not take its rise till the Mount of Saturn, then the love will, in that -nature, be rather of a sensual character. The Line of Heart sometimes -stretches across the whole of the hand; such a line announces a too -great amount of tenderness--a passionate and blind devotion in -affection. - -When the Line of Heart is broken in several places, it means -inconstancy, both in love and friendship. Should the breaks be seen -immediately beneath the Mount of Saturn, it indicates a tragic end to -the love; if beneath the Mount of the Sun, by pride;[18] but if between -the Mount of Saturn and the Mount of the Sun, the heart-break will be -occasioned by folly; if between the Mounts of Apollo and Mercury, by -cupidity--the desire to make a better marriage in a worldly point of -view; if the break occurs immediately beneath the Mount of Mercury, the -evil issue of the love will be from caprice. - - [18] If the Sun is one of the dominant planets, the Line of - Heart broken under the Mount of the Sun shows serious - physical affection of the heart; if this sign is on both - hands it is fatal. - -When the Line of the Heart appears in the form of the links of a chain -instead of in one clear line, it indicates inconstancy and -indecision--a tendency towards a series of _amourettes_ rather -than to a high and serious affection. If it goes round to the -percussion of the hand it indicates jealousy. - -The Line of Heart of a deep red colour indicates a power of love ardent -even to violence; but when, on the contrary, the Line of Heart is pale -and wide, it is an indication of coldness of temperament. - -When, at its starting-point, the Line of Heart is seen to turn round -the base of the Mount of Jupiter somewhat in the form of a circle, it -is what the ancient Chiromancists called "Solomon's Ring," and -indicates an aptitude for the occult sciences. If the Line of Heart -joins the Line of Life between the thumb and forefinger, it is a sign -(if the mark is in _both_ hands) of a violent death; if only in one, of -a serious, but not fatal, illness connected with the heart. - -Should the Line of Heart droop towards the Line of Head and touch it, -it is a sign of coldness in the affections: the instincts of the heart -are swayed by worldly considerations. Red punctures on the Line of -Heart mean as many wounds in the affections as there are spots. White -spots, on the contrary, show the persons of the opposite sex who, at -some time of the subject's life, have given him, or her, a strong love. -Should the spot be at the beginning of the line, above the Mount of -Venus, the person will have the appearance and qualities given by that -planet; if under the Mount of Jupiter he would be a Jupiterian; if -under Saturn he would have the appearance and character of a Saturnian; -under the Sun of a Sun person; if under Mercury the appearance and -character would be those of a Mercurian; if near the side of the hand, -of Mars; and if quite at the percussion of the hand, the qualities and -physical appearance given by the Moon would describe the person. - -If, on starting, the Line of Heart is bi-forked and one branch of the -fork rises towards the Mount of Jupiter, it indicates great happiness -of a glorious nature; but if the other branch stops between the finger -of Jupiter and that of Saturn, it is merely negative happiness--a life -passed without great misfortunes. When a hand (but this is rare) is -entirely without the Line of Heart it indicates an iron will, -wickedness and cruelty, unless the Ring of Venus is deep and goes -towards the Mount of Mercury, in which case it would supply the place -of the Line of Heart. - -The Line of the Head rises between the Line of Life and the Mount of -Jupiter and, when it is long and clear, it denotes a sound judgment, -good memory and masterly intellect; but it must not extend across the -hand in a _straight line_, as that signifies a disposition to avarice, -or at any rate of extreme economy, because unless corrected by a rich -Line of Heart, it would indicate an excess of calculation in the -character. - -If the Line of Head is long, but droops towards the Mountain of the -Moon, it signifies ideality in excess. Life and its numerous duties and -cares will be considered from an artistic and unreal point of view, for -the Mount of the Moon, it will be remembered, represents imagination in -excess, romanticism and superstition; and if the Line of the Head -droops very low to the Mount of the Moon, it indicates more than -superstition--it is then mysticism. - -If, instead of drooping towards the Mount of the Moon, the Line of Head -rises towards the mounts at its close, the intellect will partake of -the qualities of that mount towards which it rises: thus, if it rises -beneath the Mount of Mercury, the intellect will be employed -successfully in affairs or on the stage; if towards the Sun, in art and -literature. - -The Line of the Head pale-coloured and wide indicates a want of -intelligence; so also does a very short line, only extending half-way -across the hand. This is often seen in persons of medium intellect. - -The Line of the Head broken in two immediately under the Mount of -Saturn means, where the sign is on both hands, death on the scaffold, -or at least, a fatal wound on the head. When this sign appears in only -one hand (no matter which), it indicates a probability of madness from -an unfortunate passion, or a broken limb, or a blow, but not fatal, on -the head. When it is broken under the Mount of the Sun it shows injury -to the right arm or, in a very artistic hand, illness from over-strain -of the mental powers. - -If the Line of the Head is long, thin and not deeply marked, it shows -infidelity and treachery. If, towards its close, it mounts suddenly to -the Line of the Heart, it signifies early death. - -When the Line of Head is cut by a number of small hair lines, it -indicates continuous nervous headaches; a cross in the middle of the -line is a sign of approaching death, or of a mortal wound. - -When the Line of the Head is not joined to the Line of Life at its -starting-point, it indicates self-confidence and impulsiveness, -jealousy and that sort of untruth which springs from exaggeration of -facts, from over-impressionability. With the planets of Mars and -Jupiter in excess, the Line of Head separate from the Line of Life -gives audacity and enthusiasm and, therefore, success. - -If large, round, red spots are seen on the Line of Head, they indicate -so many wounds on the head; whilst white spots on the Line of the Head -indicate as many successes in literature as there are spots to be seen. - -A star on the Line of Head means a wound on the head, or madness if the -line droops much to the Mount of the Moon, and the star appears at its -termination. - -A sister (or double line) of Head is rarely seen; but if it appears it -is a sure sign of fortune by inheritance. - - - - -CHAPTER XIX. - -THE SATURNIAN LINE - - -When the Saturnian Line starts from the wrist, exactly below the finger -of Saturn, and goes in a direct line to it, cutting through the mount, -but stopping at the root of the finger, it is a sign of a life of -extreme happiness. If the line goes toward the mount of Jupiter, this -happiness is the result of a marriage bringing both riches and love. If -the Saturnian Line stops short at the Line of Head, it is misfortune in -affairs through a false calculation; or, taken in conjunction with a -troubled Line of Life, it would mean a physical brain affection. - -If the Saturnian Line is straight and well-coloured at its -termination--that is, as it nears the finger of Saturn--it indicates -happiness and success in old age, however troubled the life may have -been before. If this line only starts from the Line of Head, it denotes -poverty and stupidity. - -The age, on the Saturnian Line, is counted from the wrist upwards; from -the wrist to the Line of Head chiromancists count thirty-five years,[19] -from the Line of Head to the Line of Heart fifteen years; and from the -Line of Heart to the root of the finger are the remaining years of -Life. - - [19] If the Head Line it placed very low, then the date where - it crosses the Saturnian Line would be 30, and if the Heart - Line is proportionately low the date where it crosses the - Saturnian would be 45 years. - -If the Saturnian Line is broken and irregular, it means trouble and -worry in life; and according to whether these breaks occur on the Line -of Head or on the Line of Heart, so will the troubles be of the head or -heart--troubles arising from affairs or from the affections. If the -Line of Life be irregular, denoting uncertain health, these troubles -may be physical evils to the heart or head. - -Short Lines crossing the Saturnian show vexations in either the affairs -or in love-matters. A downward branch from the Saturnian going towards -the Moon shows sorrow from the death or treachery of a woman. This is -the same whether it be on a man's or a woman's hand. - -If the Saturnian Line is twisted in a sort of spiral at the -starting-point, but yet the upper part of it goes in a clear, direct -line to the Mount of Saturn, and cuts through it to the root of the -finger without penetrating beyond, it indicates a troubled and anxious -youth, followed by riches and good fortune in middle age. If the -twisted line continues and crosses the Line of the Head and the Line of -the Heart, the troubles will continue until old age, and the good -fortune be only quite at the close of life. A triangle, or small -island, at the commencement of the line, shows death of the father or -mother in early childhood. - -If the Mount of Saturn is much wrinkled, and the Saturnian Line cuts -through it, and is of a deep-red colour, and mounts as high as the -third joint of the finger of Saturn, it indicates a violent and -disgraceful end--death on the gallows. Upward lines from the Saturnian -Line mean events of happy omen either in the affections or affairs at -the age shown on the line; downward lines have the reverse -signification. - -There are some hands in which the Saturnian Line is very faintly -indicated and, when this is the case, it signifies an uneventful, -insignificant existence. The Esquimaux, for example, who live in a -wretched climate, and live hard, unlovely lives, have absolutely, some -of them, _no_ Saturnian Line in their hands; and M. Serres, a -famous French anthropologist, asserts that this line (which he calls -the Caucasian Line) is only to be found in the hands of the white -races; whilst M. Desbarrolles, another French writer on this subject, -goes farther, and affirms that, among persons condemned to a dry, -unintellectual vegetative life, even among the white races, the -Saturnian Line is often found entirely wanting. - -The Saturnian Line is one of great importance, for it corrects and -modifies the significations both of the lines and of the mounts. - -A double Saturnian Line, which is sometimes, but very rarely, seen, -indicates great moral corruption and physical infirmities, brought -about by abuse of material pleasures. A cross upon the line shows a -change of position or a crisis in the affections at the age indicated -by its position on the line. A star on the line shows disaster at the -date at which it appears. - -Downward lines from the Line of Heart towards the Fate Line show heart -sorrows at the period when they cross the line. Widowhood is indicated -in this way if the Line of Fate breaks and shows a total change in the -way of life immediately afterwards. It sometimes only means a death at -the period when it crosses the Fate Line. - - - - -CHAPTER XX. - -THE LINE OF THE SUN AND LINE OF HEALTH - - -The Line of the Sun takes its rise either in the Line of Life or from -the Mount of the Moon, and, ascending, it traces a furrow in the Mount -of the Sun, but stops at the root of the finger; it signifies, when -straight and well defined, and taking the course we have described, -celebrity in literature or art, whether in poetry, painting, sculpture, -or music. The mounts decide in some measure which branch of art is -preferred. With Venus large it would probably be music or painting; -with the Moon much developed, poetry--or at any rate literature of an -elevated kind. Those having the Line of Sun thus traced, even who are -not artists by profession and whom destiny has placed in quite -inartistic careers, will always have artistic tastes, eye for colour, -ear for music, or a perception of beauty in form or in language. Where -the line only begins in the Line of Heart the artistic feeling is only -appreciative, not productive, but when it rises as low as the Mount of -the Moon, it signifies _creative_ power. - -If the Line of the Sun subdivides, in traversing the Mount of the Sun, -into several lines, it indicates a tendency to cultivate several -branches of art, which prevents the success which generally crowns -excess of artistic feeling when confined in its expression to one -especial art; it also indicates too great a struggle after effect in -art; it is more significative of the dilettante, or patron of art -generally, than the artist _pur et simple_. When the Line of the Sun, -in its upward course, is barred by several transverse lines, there are -obstacles in the career of art; but if the line continues and marks a -single deep furrow in the mount till it reaches the root of the finger, -these obstacles will, in the end, be conquered and success, riches, -honours and celebrity will be attained. In a hand where the Sun Line -begins above the Head Line, the deep line at its close only means -riches after fifty, and has nothing to do with art. - -The Line of Health, or, as it is sometimes called, the Line of the -Liver, takes its rise at the wrist, near the Line of Life, and mounts -in the direction of the Mount of Mercury. If it is well coloured and -the line is not broken, it denotes good health, great power of memory -and success in business pursuits; if the line becomes broken, or is -forked at its close, before it reaches the mount, it indicates severe -illness in old age. If this line starts from the Line of Life it is a -sure sign of weakness of the heart's action. If the line is unequally -coloured and gets redder as it crosses the Line of Head, it indicates a -predisposition to apoplexy; if it stops suddenly on the Line of the -Heart, a serious physical heart affection is likely. - -The Line of Health sometimes takes a curved form on _one_ hand, forming -a sort of half-circle, from the Mount of the Moon to the Mount of -Mercury. In this case it is called the Line of Presentiment and -indicates vivid intuition, especially if Mercury is strong in his -influence. When the Line of Health on _both_ hands takes this form, it -indicates mediumistic powers and powerful second sight. Should there be -a long island at the starting-point, that is, near the Mount of the -Moon in the Line of Presentiment, it indicates somnambulism. - -When the Line of Health forms a large and distinct cross with the Line -of Head, it shows a disposition for the study of occult science, but -this is not the mystical cross which will be described farther on. An -island on this line shows some internal illness at the date on which it -appears on the line--that is, if before it reaches the Head Line, it -would be _before_ thirty-five; if after and between the Lines of -Head and Heart, it would be between thirty-five and fifty; if later, -during the remainder years of life. A twisted Liver Line is a sign of -biliousness and indigestion; if it is of a red colour (as it frequently -is where Mars is one of the ruling planets) it shows a tendency to -feverish complaints. - -The Line of Health is sometimes, but rarely, accompanied by another -line called the Milky Way; when this line commences side by side with -the Line of Health and mounts with it in an unbroken line, towards the -finger of Mercury, it signifies a long life of uninterrupted happiness. -This line, which is sometimes called the Via Lasciva, gives ardour in -love, because a super-abundance of health gives force to passion. - - - - -CHAPTER XXI. - -ON THE RING OF VENUS, THE WRIST LINES AND THE LETTER M TO BE SEEN IN -MOST HANDS - - -The Ring of Venus seems to enclose, as in an island, the Mounts of -Saturn and the Sun; this line is not seen in many hands and, when fully -developed, signifies unbridled passion and debauchery of all kinds -when, in conjunction with it, the Mount of Venus is strongly developed -and marked with crossway lines. - -If, with the signs mentioned above, the Ring of Venus is strongly -marked, yet _broken_ at its centre in _both_ hands, it is a sign of -eccentric and depraved passion; still, there are always modifications -of these bad signs, and a very good Line of Head would, by bringing -reason to bear upon passion, considerably mitigate the evil indications -of the broken ring. - -When the Ring of Venus is seen on a hand where both the planets Venus -and the Moon are strongly indicated and where it is traversed by -innumerable fine lines, it is a true sign of an hysterical temperament. - -Sometimes the Ring of Venus will be seen to ascend and lose itself on -the Mount of Mercury, leaving one end of the semicircle open, which -mitigates, in some sort, the terribly strong instincts of -voluptuousness indicated by this mark; but if, on the contrary, the -semicircle, after extending itself to the Mount of Mercury, closes -itself at the root of the finger, such a mark in the hand would -indicate a terrible and absorbing power of passion, which would not -hesitate at any means to secure its end. - -A line traced on the wrist is a sign of long life and, if there are -three of these lines, as is sometimes seen, it forms the triple -bracelet. These lines indicate, in Chiromancy, thirty years of life -each and the three lines form what is called the magic bracelet, -indicating long life, health and riches. If these lines are formed -irregularly, like the links of a chain, and more especially if the -first one--that next the hand--is so formed, it indicates a long life -of labour, but acquiring ease and competency at its close. If a cross -appears in the centre of the wrist, it indicates a rich heritage at the -close of life. - -When lines start upwards from the bracelet, and ascend towards the -Mount of the Moon, they denote as many travels by land as there are -lines. If a line starts from the wrist and, after traversing the Plain -of Mars, goes to the Mount of the Sun, such a line presages riches and -honours coming from royalty. - -When these travel lines go as high as the Line of Head and Heart, they -denote journeys during which some person is met who influences either -the fortunes or the affections, according to whether the line stops at -the Line of Head or Heart. - -Lines lengthways on the Mount of the Moon mean sea-voyages; if these -lines terminate with a star, it denotes shipwreck; if on both hands, -death by drowning. - -The letter M, formed more or less regularly in every hand by the Line -of Life, the Line of Head and the Line of Heart, represents the three -worlds--the material, the natural and the divine. - -The first, the Line of Life, surrounds Love and Generation, as -represented by the thumb, which is, as we have seen, sacred to -Venus--the material world, or world of sense--but the Mount of Venus -may either degenerate love to vice, or perfectionate it to tenderness. -With high instincts the Mount of Venus is a good quality, since, -_without it_, all the other passions are hard and selfish. - -The second line--the Line of the Head--stretches across the natural -world; it traverses the Plain and the Mount of Mars, which represent -the struggle of Love and Reason in existence--the natural world, life -as it presents itself to most persons. There is in the hand the Plain -of Mars and the Mount of Mars; both mean a struggle: the Mount is the -struggle of resistance; the Plain of Mars (which is between the Lines -of Head and Heart) is the struggle of aggression. - -The third line, that of the Heart, encloses the divine world, for it -surrounds the mounts which represent Religion, Jupiter; Fate, Saturn; -Art, the Sun; Science, Mercury; all of which are especially influenced -by the astral light, or fluid, emanating from the planets. - -According to the proportions--the relative proportions--which these -three lines bear to one another, so the life is influenced by the three -different worlds represented. Thus we have a hand in which material -(sensual) pleasure dominates: the line of the material world enclosing -a space greatly superior to that of the two others. It is needless to -give further examples of these differences, for, after all, this matter -is but a _résumé_ of what has been said before about the power of -correction which one line has over the others. Given a wide range to -sensual pleasure in the hand, but a good and extensive Line of the -Head, the former will be corrected by it, as reason dominates passion; -or given the strong powers of sensuality, with a wide range to the -divine world by the space occupied between the Line of Heart and the -mounts, and again, religion, love of art and science, will correct and -keep under extreme sensuality. In reading the hand, each line must be -judged with reference to the others, and the hand must be considered in -all its bearings, before an opinion on the tendencies it indicates can -be arrived at with any degree of correctness. - - [Illustration: _To face Chapter XXII._] - - - - -CHAPTER XXII. - -CONCERNING CHANCE LINES; THAT IS, LINES WHICH ARE SOMETIMES--BUT ONLY -RARELY--SEEN ON ANY HAND - - -When two lines, starting from the Mount of Venus, join with a star on -the Plain of Mars (see Plate 3, Fig. 1) it indicates two loves carried -on at once and both having a disastrous issue. - -A square with spots at all four corners placed on the Mount of the Sun -(see Fig. 2) shows danger by fire with preservation. - -A line from the Mount of Mars going to the Mount of the Sun (see Fig. -3) indicates love of glory, desire to attain distinction in life. A -person with this mark in his hand would be stimulated rather than -intimidated by a large audience, and would have great success in -addressing multitudes. This line is good for soldiers, orators and -actors, as it shows force, energy and moral as well as physical -courage. - -The figure of the sign Aquarius when seen on the Mount of the Moon (see -Fig. 4) is a certain sign of death by drowning, _even when marked on -one hand only_. - -A circle on the Heart Line beneath the finger of Mercury (see Fig. 5) -denotes the person as likely to cause--though unwittingly--the death of -someone much loved. - -A star on the Mount of Venus, low down on the Mount (see Fig. 6), -indicates a man or woman who shall fall into dishonour by reason of -sensual indulgence or unnatural vice. - -A line starting from the Wrist Line, crossing the Mount of Venus and -ending in a star on the palm of the hand (see Fig. 7), indicates that -the person will lose some dearly-loved friend in a tragic manner. - -The symbol of the planet Saturn, when seen in the palm of the hand (see -Fig. 8), denotes the person to be malicious beyond expression, and -likely to cause the death of someone by poison. - -A line starting from the Head Line going through the Mount of Jupiter -with a star (see Fig. 9), is an indication of a violent death before -the age of thirty. Should the person be ruled by Venus, by poison; if -under the Moon, by drowning; if under the Sun, by fire; if under Mars, -by firearms; if under Jupiter, by horse accident; if under Mercury, by -fits consequent on loss of money. - -The Saturnian Line, crossed by transverse lines on the Mount of Saturn -(see Fig. 10), indicates dangerous, but not fatal, wounds on the head. - -Many rings encircling the thumb (see Fig. 11) indicate an amorous and -very inconstant disposition in either man or woman. - -Two lines starting from the middle of the Mount of Venus and -terminating in the form of an apex on the Mount of the Moon (see Fig. -12) indicate a great tendency to hysteria and to abnormal attachments; -the latter is more especially indicated if Saturn and the Moon should -be the ruling planets. - - - - -CHAPTER XXIII. - -CONCERNING THE FINGERS AND THUMB AND NAILS - - -As the shapes and relative proportions of the fingers to the palm -modify the indications given by the lines and mounts, it is necessary -to consider them very attentively before giving a judgment in -Chiromancy. - -Fingers longer than the palm and with pointed tips show idealism; they -are the expression of the Moon's influence when she is well-dignified -at a birth. The Mount of the Moon in these hands would always be large. -People with these fingers see everything in the golden light of -imagination and find happiness in dreams of intangible beauty; poetical -expression (ethereal, not passionate) is their natural language. They -always incline to the marvellous--the sublime, the spiritualistic side -of all things. Theirs the belief in omens, in occult literature, in the -supernatural. Without, perhaps attaching themselves to any fixed creed, -they are, by nature, worshippers; and the mysterious moan of the sea, -the song of the brook, the roar of the torrent, and the sighing of the -wind, are to them but so many revelations of the Deity. They are loyal -to old associations and are never in advance of their age. They are -easily moved to tears and are graceful in all their gestures. They can, -in exalted moments, do without the necessaries of life and yet, from -their intuitive worship of the beautiful, they are lovers of the -luxurious superfluities which make up an elegant and refined existence. -People with these fingers do not age much; their hearts are eternally -young, for they live a life of perpetual illusion and though often, -alas! necessarily disappointed in both men and things, they never -entirely lose faith in the poetry of existence. - -Fingers the same length as the palm, and with slightly pointed tips, -show refinement, correct taste and love of art--these are the fingers -of those born under the dominant influence of the Sun. - -Fingers the same length as the palm, but fleshy at their base and -square at the tips, show practicality, family affection, love of -animals, good judgment, respect for the world's opinion and much -appreciation of material comfort. These fingers show the strong -influence of Jupiter. - -Long fingers, knotty at the joints and with square tips, show reasoning -power and taste for science. Persons with these fingers are always in -harmony with progress and have little or no veneration and are, -therefore, never stirred by associations; with the antiquity of -Catholicism, its mystical and somewhat sensuous worship, its celibate -priesthood and golden aureole of saints and martyrs, persons having -these fingers have no sympathy. If they belong to any fixed creed (and -their logical powers are rather against this) they prefer -Protestantism--or its offshoot, Dissent--where their real deity, -Reason, is permitted full sway. These people love--with all the force -of their nature--the study of history, jurisprudence, mathematics and -the exact sciences. They are naturally clever at calculation and have -much sense of order. Such fingers show the influence of Saturn, but not -when most dignified; Saturn when most exalted gives mysticism, but then -the fingers are not knotted at the joints and the tips are always -spatulated. - -Fingers that are shorter than the palm and with spatulated tips, show -sensuality in love and materialism in all things, energy, love of field -sports and indomitable courage. Such fingers indicate the influence of -Mars at birth. - -Fingers shorter than the palm, but with very pointed tips and thick at -the base, show self-indulgence and love of luxury. Persons with such -fingers are very sensuous and are, therefore, ardent pursuers of -material pleasures, but yet with a certain refinement of taste which -prevents their becoming grossly sensual. Such fingers are often seen in -the hands of singers of both sexes; they indicate the strong influence -of Venus in the nativity. - -Fingers that are slender and longer than the palm, but with spatulate -tips, indicate versatility, wit and intuitive perception. Such fingers -show the dominant influence of Mercury. - -In the relative lengths of the three divisions of the fingers -Chiromancy also recognises the indications of three separate -influences--that of the soul, that of the mind, and that of the body. -Fingers that have the first division (that containing the nail) long, -show high aspirations and power of veneration--soul; fingers with the -second division longer than the other two indicate intellectual -force--mind; whilst fingers having the lowest division longest show a -love of material pleasure: people having such fingers, unless there are -other modifying indications in the hand, are slaves to the body. - -The first joint of the thumb (that which is nearest the nail) -represents _Will_; therefore, when this is short, such a form indicates -want of will--a character very impressionable and therefore easily led; -when this joint is long, it indicates great power of will and therefore -force of character. The second joint represents logic, judgment and -reason; therefore, where this joint is long these qualities exist in -excess and, where it is short, they are wanting in both. - -The third joint (that which is outside the Mount of Venus) represents -the power which love--more especially the love between the sexes--will -have on the character. If long and thick it implies the existence of -strong passion; if short and flat a cold disposition--no attraction -towards the opposite sex. - -Poets have frequently the first joint of the thumb short (because want -of will gives the rein to impulse and impressionability), and whilst -the second--the intellectual one--is fairly long, the third is almost -always large, full and long. This combination of impressionability, -intellectuality and warmth of passion gives us the poets full of "the -sweet, sad music of humanity." - -These various types of finger-tips are often seen in the same hand, -which shows that several planets have much the same amount of -influence, in which case the following indications should be -considered: The finger of Jupiter pointed gives idealistic religion and -sense of honour; square, it would show reasoning power; spatulate, -energy and impulse. - -The finger of Saturn is rarely pointed, but when it is so, it rather -mitigates the melancholy given by the planet and shows callousness and -(if Mercury is strong in the hand) frivolity. Square tipped, it -indicates prudence, love of agriculture and mechanical genius; -spatulate, which is the ordinary termination of this finger, it -betokens sadness and superstition, and, when the finger is abnormally -long, a tendency to suicide; especially where, with it, there is a -small weak thumb. - -The third finger--that of the Sun--pointed shows idealism and artistic -tastes; when square-tipped, realism in art and a love of wealth; -spatulate, it gives spirit of adventure, especially when it is as long -as the first finger; when the third finger is _longer_ than the first -and spatulate it indicates love of gambling and of speculation. - -The fourth finger--that of Mercury--pointed shows occultism, intuitive -perception, eloquence and talent for languages; square at the tip it -denotes logic, facility of expression, science and love of research; -spatulate, it gives movement, vivacity and, where the rest of the hand -is bad, knavery in business and theft; a very short little finger shows -unselfishness and, some old writers say, happiness in marriage. - -A pointed thumb gives impressionability; square at its tip, decided but -not obstinate will; the thumb bending outward shows generosity and -impulse and, when much bent inwards towards the palm of the hand, -avarice and reticence. People with short fingers are quicker, more -impulsive and have more intuition than those who possess long fingers. -Those with long fingers have much love of detail--often to a worrying -extent; they are inquisitive and somewhat distrustful. - -As regards the nails, short strong nails show courage, combativeness -and critical faculties. White polished and filbert-shaped nails -indicate sensitiveness and refinement, but no force of character. -Short, weak, crooked and black-coloured nails show deceit and -slothfulness. Round nails indicate a luxurious, pleasure-loving nature. -Very thin nails--especially when the tips are bent inwardly--show -delicacy of constitution. Red nails with little white marks on them -indicate a choleric and cruel nature. - -Those who have on the root of the thumb--that is, on the Mount of -Venus--many crossbar lines are sensual and prone to gross indulgence in -licentiousness. They who have these marks on their hands will have in -their nativity--Venus in the 6th or 8th house (which houses rule the -lower parts of the body), thus showing the entire concordance of -Chiromancy with Astrology. - - [Illustration: _To face Chapter XXIV._] - - - - -CHAPTER XXIV. - -OF THE VARIOUS MARKS TO BE SEEN ON THE HAND - - -Besides the Lines and Mounts already described there are other signs or -marks which, as they modify the qualities given by the lines and -mounts, should be carefully considered in giving judgment on the hand -as a whole. - -A star (Fig. 1) indicates something beyond our own power of action--a -fatality for good or evil over which we have, personally, no power. A -star on the Mount of Jupiter indicates honours and distinction in -marriage and great and unexpected glory, for Jupiter is always a -favourable planet. - -A star on the Mount of Saturn means assassination or death on the -scaffold; or, in an otherwise good hand, death by paralysis. - -A star on the Mount of the Sun (with no Line of the Sun) indicates -fatal riches, which bring of themselves unhappiness in the affections. -Should the Sun line be strong it would signify success in art, or -military glory in a hand where Mars is strong. - -A star on the Mount of Mercury shows theft and dishonour; on the Mount -of Mars, death in battle; but a star on the plain of Mars, military -glory. - -A star on the Mount of the Moon, when on a voyage line, means death by -drowning; when not on a voyage line, an illness connected with water, -such as dropsy or diabetes. - -A star in the centre of the hand shows that some person of the opposite -sex will influence the life in an unhappy manner. - -A star on the Mount of Venus means unhappiness caused by love. - -Two stars on the top joint of the middle finger indicate death on the -scaffold. - -A square (Fig. 2) shows power and energy of the qualities of the mount -on which it appears, except on the Mount of Venus, when it means -imprisonment. A square announces preservation from accident when seen -near any indication of such accident. - -A circle (Fig. 3) on any of the mounts, but above all on the Mount of -the Sun, signifies success in the qualities given by the mount on which -it appears; but a circle on the lines of the hand has always a bad -signification. A circle on the Line of Life means loss of one eye, and -two circles would indicate total blindness. - -An island (Fig. 4) is again always a bad sign; on the Line of Heart, it -signifies adultery; on the Line of Life, illness, corresponding in time -to its position on the line; on the Line of Head, it would mean ruin -arising from false speculations, or if illness is shown on the Life -Line, it might indicate brain illness or neuralgia; on the Line of -Health, disorders of the liver and the digestion; on the Saturnian -Line, an island indicates happiness from an adulterous liaison; but if -the island is broken in shape, it indicates poignant grief arising from -an illicit affection. The duration of these affections is shown by the -size of the island. An island at the commencement of the Saturnian Line -indicates an event of an unfortunate nature, probably death of father -or mother, in childhood or very early youth. The lines which go -lengthways round the side of the hand, between the Line of Heart and -the root of the finger of Mercury, show the serious attachments. A -horizontal line barring these, or a black spot, shows widowhood. If the -lines take the form of islands, it shows love for cousins or near -relatives. - -A triangle (Fig. 5) announces aptitudes of a favourable signification. -On Jupiter it shows diplomatic distinction; on Saturn, mystical -ability; on the Sun, success in art or literature; on Mars, military -glory; on Venus, happiness in love; on Mercury, distinction in law, -physics, or mathematics; but on the Mount of the Moon it indicates -danger from the water. - -A branch (Fig. 6) shows aptitude in the qualities of the mount on which -it appears. - -Chains (Fig. 8) always show obstacles and worries in connection with -the qualities of the mount on which they appear. - -A spot (Fig. 9) is sometimes favourable and sometimes the reverse. Red -spots on the Line of Heart mean physical suffering from that organ. -White spots show love conquests, and the lover is indicated by the -mount under which these spots appear by the physical description of the -planet to which the mount belongs. - -Curved lines (Fig. 10) mean disaster wherever they appear. On the Line -of Head, madness, especially should the line droop to the Mount of the -Moon. - -Hair-lines (Fig. 11) show an excess of the quality of the line on which -they appear. - -Cross-bars (Fig. 12) are always obstacles, and show excess in the -qualities of the mounts on which they appear; on the Moon, morbid -imagination; on Venus, lasciviousness. - -Two lines going from the Mount of Venus to that of Mars denote the -pursuit of two love affairs at the same time, and a star joined to -these lines shows that the matter has ended or will end in disaster. - -A long island, extending from the Mount of Venus to that of Saturn, -shows, on a woman's hand, seduction at the age when the sign crosses -the Line of Life. Should a square appear on the line, she escapes the -temptation. - -A Line extending from a star on the Mount of Venus, and terminating -with a fork on the Mount of Saturn, shows an unhappy marriage. - -A Line going from a star on the Mount of Venus straight to the Mount of -the Sun, foretells a great inheritance from the death of a near -relation. - - [Illustration: THE HAPPY HAND. - - _To face Chapter XXV._] - - - - -CHAPTER XXV. - -THE TRIANGLE, THE QUADRANGLE, AND THE HAPPY HAND - - -The Triangle is the name given to the space enclosed between the Line -of Life, the Line of Head and the Line of Health. If the angle is an -equal one and the lines well coloured, it signifies a good disposition -both as regards mind and body and also much health, courage, good -reputation and a long and happy life. When the angles of the Triangle -are not well defined, it signifies a dull and mean person, who will not -rise above mediocrity. When the Triangle is wide as well as clearly -defined, it indicates liberality and nobility of mind. When it is -narrow, it signifies avarice, cowardice and poverty. If the Triangle is -altogether wanting in a hand, it portends much evil, a short life and -much illness. A cross in the Triangle shows a quarrelsome disposition. - -The Quadrangle is the square space contained between the Lines of Heart -and Head. When broad it signifies a liberal, courageous person with -much sense of honour, who will attain to the highest dignities in his -profession and position in life. - -Those who have the Quadrangle narrow are covetous and deceitful, and -therefore untrustworthy in all business relations. A star in the middle -of the Quadrangle shows honours and dignities, and a line from the -Mount of Mercury running down to the centre of the Quadrangle indicates -the friendship of great men, and much honour and distinction from these -friendships. - -In the plate at the beginning of this chapter we have a sketch of what -is called "The Happy Hand," which is given as showing what are the -happiest prognostications to be shown on the hand. An explanation of -the lines and marks of this is given below. - - -_The explanation of the Happy Hand._ - -Double Line of Life, which means good health and long life. The -Saturnian Line straight and well-defined till it reaches its -termination on the Mount of Saturn, which shows happiness in domestic -life and good fortune to the end of life. Branches at beginning and end -of the Heart Line, power of passionate tenderness. Cross on Mount of -Jupiter, love and marriage. Ring of Venus, power of passionate -attachment and much force of sympathy. The Line of Head long with -branches to the Mount of the Moon, intellectual gifts and vivid -imagination. Direct Line of the Sun, success in art and celebrity. -Union of Venus with Mercury, love and good fortune in connection with -the affections. Line of Health strong shows a vigorous constitution. -Triple branches on the wrist, superabundance of vitality and long life. - -A Cross on the Mount of Venus. This, taken in conjunction with the -cross on the Mount of Jupiter, shows happiness in married life. - -Of course it is seldom that such a conjunction of good lines is seen on -the same hand; but still, in those born under a fortunate conjunction -of the stars, many of these lines are seen together; but such hands are -rare, for anxiety, grief and disappointment are the general rule and -happiness the exception in this world. - - - - -Part III. - -PHYSIOGNOMY - - "La fisonomia è lo specchio dell' anima."--FINETTA. - - - - -CHAPTER XXVI. - -PHYSIOGNOMY - - -"The face is the mirror of the soul," says Finetta, a mediæval Italian -writer on the subject of physiognomy; and, to those who take the -trouble to study the matter, the intelligence, the sentiments and the -instincts of a person are all clearly manifested by the form of the -head and features and their relative proportions, by the colouring of -the skin, eyes and hair, by the fugitive expressions which, to an -attentive observer, are seen to pass over even the most impassable -faces, and "last, but certainly not least," by the lines left by the -habitual passage of the expression of strong feeling, which, to the -physiognomist, are visible even when the face is in repose. - -We are in the habit of applying the term physiognomy to the _face_ -only, but the word has really a much wider signification. All things -animate and inanimate have their physiognomy and, when judging of the -character by the form of the features of the face, it would be -impossible to ignore that given by the shape of the head, for, without -altogether believing that the brain is mapped out in the manner -described by phrenologists, there is no doubt that a good development -of the front of the head shows intelligence, whilst a head which is -inordinately protuberant at the back indicates the dominance of animal -instincts in the organisation. If the back of the head is quite flat, -it indicates coldness--want of passion in the nature. A head which is -large just above the ears shows a tendency to anger and if the signs of -benevolence on the brow and lips are entirely wanting it would mean -cruelty; but in physiognomy the signs on both the head and face must be -considered as a _whole_, and the qualities shown by _both_ must be -weighed one against another, before any right judgment can be arrived -at. In this study, as in that of graphology and chiromancy, a deductive -power of mind is required. Among twenty persons who may be sufficiently -interested in physiognomy to study it, there will be scarcely more than -one who will become a good physiognomist. One among the countless -objections which have been urged against physiognomy is that many -physiognomists make erroneous judgments; but, granted that they do so, -it is their want of discernment, or more probably their want of -deductivity--not the science--which fails. - -There is a certain sort of _instinctive_ power of judging character by -the face, possessed by children and animals, which is in harmony with -the theories of those who have thought and written most upon this -interesting subject. - -We are all of us--women, perhaps, more than men--daily influenced by -this sort of _instinctive_ physiognomy: for there are few people who do -not, when they first see a stranger, form a judgment of him, in which -they are, of course, only swayed by his outward appearance, although -they may never have even heard the word physiognomy. - -The _temperament_ has an immense amount of influence over the character -and this temperament is shown more especially by the colour and texture -of the skin and hair. It is temperament which precipitates, or retards, -the effects of illness and age and temperament is the result of the -astral influence which presided at our birth. - -These temperaments have been classified under four heads--viz., the -sanguine or choleric, the lymphatic, the bilious and the melancholic. - -The first, the sanguine or choleric, is the result of the astral -influence of Mars and Jupiter; the lymphatic, of the Moon and Venus, -but more especially the Moon; the bilious (which is especially the -intellectual temperament) of the Sun and Mercury and the melancholic -temperament is the result of the dominance of the sad planet, Saturn. -The sanguine temperament is shown by a skin with a good deal of colour -in it, either of a soft pinky white with a rosy peach-like colour on -the cheeks, in which case it is Jupiter which dominates in the -temperament, or of a deep red colour all over the face, when the -sanguine temperament is dominated by Mars, the hair being red or brown, -crispy or curling. - -The lymphatic temperament is shown by a soft, pale skin of a thick dead -white, the lips and cheeks being only slightly coloured; the hair is -fine and long, but not thick, and is light, not golden, but rather -colourless, or what the French call "_un blond cendré_"--that is, -of an ash-coloured fairness, sometimes of a soft brown, when Venus is -the dominating planet. The bilious temperament is the result of the -combination of the astral influences of the Sun and Mercury, the -planets which give artistic feeling and intelligence. - -Those having this temperament have yellow skins of a soft, fine texture -and when the Sun is the dominant planet they have a vivid colour in the -cheeks; the hair of those of the bilious temperament is golden and is -generally curly or wavy; if the melancholic temperament given by Saturn -is in combination (and it is frequently so in the bilious temperament) -with the yellow-tinted skin of the bilious temperament, we find also -the straight, deep black hair peculiar to the Saturnian. - -The melancholic temperament is that of those born under the dominant -influence of Saturn. People of this temperament are of a pale or livid, -and, sometimes, of a greenish-tinted or earth-coloured skin and their -hair is always of a dead black. It must be remembered that though one -planet may dominate at a birth, there are always present others which -have also their influences, though in a secondary degree, so no person -is of _one_ temperament without any admixture of the others, although -one may and often does dominate the others. - -Thus no one is _exclusively_ sanguine, bilious, lymphatic, or -melancholic. One person could be at once bilious, melancholic and -lymphatic. We sometimes see the apparently contradictory temperaments -of the melancholic and sanguine in the same person, but, generally -speaking, one temperament dominates, modified by one or more of the -others. This makes one of the sources of the variety of character we -see in those about us, no one person having precisely the same -modification of temperament, to say nothing of the difference of -intellectual gifts. Now, as the temperament produces the character and -the character the passions, it is very necessary, in order to be a good -physiognomist that we should be thoroughly expert in being able to -assign to each person under judgment the exact amount of domination of -each of these four temperaments and this is only to be done by noting -the colour and texture of the skin and hair. Aristotle has said that -though there is a certain physiognomy of the whole person, the -principal signs to guide us in a knowledge of human beings are to be -found on the face; and this is perhaps because the skin of the face is -somewhat differently constituted to that over the other parts of the -body. It is more transparent than that of the other parts of the body, -and thus more readily reflects the different colours--the vivid flush -of joy, the blush of shame, the livid hue of envy, the pallor of fear, -the different passions by which we are agitated. The face also is the -seat of the eyes and the lips, both of which features (being -continually in movement) make the face, as the old Italian writer has -said, "the mirror of the soul." - -Even those who habitually deny the power given by a knowledge of the -science of physiognomy admit that _in certain moments_ they have been -able to judge of what they could ask for from the expression they saw -on the face of the person with whom they were dealing. Now, if this -were so at one moment, why should it not be so always? When the soul is -agitated, that agitation shows itself, at once, upon the face by the -variation of its colours and by the contraction of certain muscles -about the features. Both this changing of colour and this movement of -the features vary according to the passions which produce the agitation -and these different expressions most people can read at a glance. No -one confounds the expression of happiness with unhappiness, of love -with hatred, of hope with despair, of jealousy with trustfulness, of -envy with sympathy. Habitual drunkards show their vice on their faces, -even when they are perfectly sober; so also do the other vices show -themselves by the lines left on the face by the constant recurrence of -the contraction of the features when under the immediate and violent -influence of the ruling passion. By dint of continually exercising the -faculty of observation they come to see expressions and lines on the -face which, though perhaps quite lost upon others, give them -indications of character which are sometimes startling revelations. -Here, again, is another objection which is often advanced against the -study of physiognomy. Does it not, by laying bare the vices and -weaknesses of human nature, induce a cynical opinion of human nature? -No; for, whilst it makes us clear-sighted as to the vices, it also -reveals to us many sweet and noble qualities in those by whom we are -surrounded, which, perhaps, were never suspected by us. No one better -understood his fellow-men, no one was ever more alive to "the sweet, -sad music of humanity," than Shakespeare. His large-hearted, -sympathetic nature gave him intuitive perception of character, and -this, aided by his wonderful powers of observation, must have made him -a physiognomist. He "looked quite through the thoughts of men," and -yet, with all this wondrous knowledge of human nature, he says, "What a -piece of work is a man! How noble in reason! How infinite in faculties! -In form and moving how express and admirable! In action how like an -angel! In apprehension how like a God!" - - [Illustration: _THE PLANETS' PLACES ON THE FACE FACSIMILE FROM AN - OLD WOODCUT, DATE 1657_ - - _To face Chapter XXVII._] - - - - -CHAPTER XXVII. - -THE FOREHEAD AND EYEBROWS - - -"One part of the forehead," says a Chinese proverb, "shows our -faculties, the other part the use we make of them." This is, in a great -measure, true; for the form and height of the brow show the degree of -thought and power of intellect, whilst the skin of the forehead, its -colour, lines and tension, denote the passions and the state of mind. -Though the skin of the forehead may be equally wrinkled in different -faces, the forms which these lines take vary very much. The first line -next the hair, which is rarely seen till past middle age, is referred -to the influence of Saturn; the second to Jupiter; the third to Mars; -the fourth, over the right eyebrow, to the Sun; the fifth, over the -left eyebrow, to the Moon; the sixth, between the eyebrows, to Venus, -whilst Mercury is assigned his place on the bridge of the nose (see -plate). - -When the Line of Saturn is long and well-defined, it indicates the -prudence and sagacity which ought to come with age; when it is broken -or curved in an oblique manner it shows peevishness and avarice. - -The Line of Jupiter, straight and clearly-defined, shows an honourable -and just person; if broken or taking oblique curves it indicates a very -voluptuous person. - -If the Line of Mars should be long and clear, and stretching across the -forehead in one continuous line, it denotes courage and much warlike -ambition; if the line be broken, such a person will be a brawler and -quarrelsome and will experience ill fortune in war. - -The Line of the Sun being perfect and reaching nearly to the middle of -the forehead, shows ambition, good judgment and success; being broken -or oblique in its form, it shows egotism and love of money. - -The Line of the Moon, clear and perfect above the left eyebrow, much -imagination and also much travelling into strange places. When this -line is broken or much curved, it indicates caprice and want of truth. - -The Line of Venus, delicately marked and straight, shows tenderness and -success in love matters; if broken and curved, the reverse. - -If three lines appear in the place of Mercury across the bridge of the -nose, they denote eloquence and wit; if more than three, loquacity and -deceit. - -So much for the _lines_ on the forehead. As to the _form_, Aristotle -tells us that "a very large and prominent forehead shows stupidity"; it -is quite true that men of the highest intelligence have foreheads of -medium height, but exceptionally broad and full over the eyebrow. - -A forehead which is very full over the eyebrows and rather low than -high, shows intuitive faculty, artistic perception and idealism; we see -this form of brow in all the antique statues of Apollo. A very -projecting forehead, fuller above than below, and so large as to appear -to dominate the whole face, is generally the forehead of a slow if not -a dull intellect. A perpendicular forehead, well rounded at the -temples, rather high than low and having straight, well-defined -eyebrows, shows solid power of the understanding, love of study and -power of concentrating the attention, but it is not the forehead of the -poet, painter, or musician. - -Arched foreheads, somewhat low, but full at the temples, with long, -sweeping and mobile eyebrows, appear properly to be feminine, since -they show sweetness and sensitiveness of nature. - -High, narrow and wholly unwrinkled foreheads, over which the skin seems -tightly drawn, are indicative of weakness of the will-power, want of -imagination and very little susceptibility. They are the foreheads of -narrow-minded, commonplace persons. Of course other features may soften -these indications; intelligent eyes may give intellect, or a sweet and -tender mouth feeling enough to, at any rate, diminish the unpleasant -indications of this type of forehead. - -Foreheads not altogether projecting, but having angular and knotty -protuberances upon them, denote vigour of mind and harsh and oppressive -activity and perseverance. To be in exact proportion, the forehead -should be the same length as the nose. In Greek art, however, it is -generally shorter, which gives softness and elegance to the face. It -should be oval at the top, or somewhat square; if the latter, it gives -more force--if the former, more sensibility of character. It should be -smooth in repose, yet have the power of wrinkling when in deep thought, -or when in grief or anger; for foreheads over which the skin is so -tightly strained as never to change under these circumstances show a -dull, unsensitive and unintellectual nature. A forehead should project -more over the eyes than at the top, and there should be a small cavity -in the centre, separating the brow into four divisions: but this should -be so slightly accentuated as only to be seen when the forehead is in a -strong light coming from above it. - -When the eyebrows are far from each other at their starting-point -between the eyes, they denote warmth, frankness and impulse--a generous -and unsuspicious nature. A woman or man having such eyebrows would -never be causelessly jealous. Eyebrows, on the contrary, which meet -between the eyes in the manner so much admired by the Persians denote a -temperament ardent in love, but jealous and suspicious: all Saturnians -have these eyebrows. - -Eyebrows somewhat higher at their starting-point, and which pass in a -long sweeping line over the eyes, drooping slightly downwards at their -termination, show artistic feeling and great sense of beauty in form. -The Empress Eugénie's eyebrows are of this form, which gives a sweet -and wistful expression to the face and which some old writers have -asserted to be the sign of a violent death. - -Eyebrows lying very close to the eyes, forming one direct, clear line -on strongly-defined eyebones having the same form, show strength of -will and extreme determination of character. This sort of eyebrow -appears on the busts of Nero; but there its indications of -determination are deepened with cruelty by the massive jaw and the -development of the cheekbone by the ear. This form of eyebrow, in -conjunction with other good indications, would mean only constancy in -affection, power of carrying out a project despite all difficulties and -taste for science. - -Eyebrows that are strongly marked at the commencement and then -terminate abruptly without sweeping past the eyes, show an irascible, -energetic and impatient nature. - -Thick eyebrows, somewhat arched, show artistic perception of beauty in -colour. Delicately marked eyebrows, slightly arched, indicate -tenderness. - -Eyebrows lighter than the hair show weakness and indecision. Eyebrows -much darker than the hair denote an ardent, passionate and constant -temperament. - -Angular, strong and sharply interrupted eyebrows close to the eyes -always show fire and productive activity. No profound thinker has -weakly marked eyebrows, or eyebrows placed very high on the forehead. -Want of eyebrow almost always indicates a want of mental and bodily -force. The nearer the eyebrows are to the eyes, the more earnest, deep -and firm the character; the more remote from the eyes, the more -volatile and less resolute the nature. - -Eyebrows the same colour as the hair show firmness, resolution and -constancy; but in judging of the eyebrows it must be remembered that if -form and colour give different indications, the _form_ (as this also -means that of the brow) gives the most important indication, the colour -and texture of the eyebrow being secondary to its _position_ as regards -the eyes and forehead. - - - - -CHAPTER XXVIII. - -THE EYES AND EYELASHES - - -The eye has been called "the window of the soul," and not without -reason, for it seems more than any other organ to be capable of -expressing all its emotions. The most tumultuous passions, the most -delicate feelings, the most acute sensations, the eye expresses in all -their force and in all their purity, as they arise and transmits them -by variations so rapid as to give to the lookers-on the very image of -that with which it is itself inspired; for the eye receives and -reflects the intelligence of the thoughts as well as the warmth of the -feelings. - -The colours most common to the eyes are brown, grey, blue, hazel and -black, or what we _call_ black--for those eyes which appear to be -black will generally be found to be of a deep yellowish-brown when -looked at very narrowly; it is the distance only which makes them seem -to be black, because the deep yellow-brown colour is in such strong -contrast to the white of the eye that it appears black. There are also -eyes of so bright a hazel as to seem almost yellow; lastly, there are -eyes that are positively green. Very beautiful, too, are some of the -eyes of this colour when they are shaded--as is very often the -case--with long, dark eyelashes; but, though beautiful, they are not -indicative of a _good_ disposition. - -Green eyes, although their praises are often sung in Spanish ballads, -show deceit and coquetry. We sometimes see eyes which appear to be a -combination of yellow, orange, and blue, the latter colour generally -appearing in streaks over the whole surface of the iris, while the -orange and yellow are set in flakes of unequal size around and at some -distance apart; these eyes are indicative of originality, amounting, at -times, to eccentricity. No commonplace person has this sort of eye; -they show intellectuality, and, in most cases, literary ability. - -There are eyes which are remarkable for being of, what might be said to -be, no colour. The iris has only some shades of blue or pale grey, so -feeble as to be almost white in some parts, and the shades of orange -which intervene are so small that they can scarcely be distinguished -from grey or white, notwithstanding the contrast of colours. The black -of the pupil is, in these eyes, too marked, because the colour of the -iris around it is not deep enough, so that in looking at them we seem -to see only the pupil. These eyes are expressionless, for their glance -is fixed and dead; they invariably belong to persons of the lymphatic -temperament, and they indicate a listless and feeble disposition, -incapable of enterprise and a cold and indolently selfish nature. - -Blue eyes are more significant of tenderness and of a yieldingness of -purpose than either brown, black, or grey eyes. There are occasionally -to be met strong characters with this tint of eye, but then they will -be found to have other indications in the rest of their physiognomy -which correct the delicacy and yieldingness of this coloured eye. -Blue-eyed people are not inconstant, like those of the hazel and yellow -eyes, but they yield from affection. - -Angry, irritable persons have frequently eyes of a brownish tint, -inclined to a greenish hue. Although the purely green eye of which I -have spoken indicates deceit and coquetry, the propensity to greenish -tints in the eyes is a sign of wisdom and courage. Very choleric -persons, if they have blue eyes, have also certain tints of green in -them and, when under the influence of anger, a sudden red light appears -in them. Such eyes as these are generally found in connection with the -sanguine, or, as it is sometimes called, choleric temperament; that is, -in those persons who have been born under the double influence of -Jupiter and Mars; but, when we see these red tints in the eyes, it -would be a sign that, of the two planets presiding over this -temperament, Mars was dominant. - -Clear grey-blue eyes, with a calm steadfastness in their glance, are -indicative of cheerfulness of disposition, of a serene temper and a -constant nature. These eyes are peculiar to the Northern nations; one -meets with them among the Swedes, and also sometimes amongst the -Scotch. The blue eyes we see among the rare blondes of the South--that -is, in Italy and Spain--always have eyes in which there are some -greenish tints; and such eyes, though often called light blue, have -none of the qualities of serenity and constancy which belong to the -light blue eyes of the North. Neither must the pleasant light blue eye, -with the honest glance, be confounded with another sort of eye of a -pale blue, almost steel-coloured hue, which has a continually shifting -sort of motion both of the eyelids and the pupils of the eyes. People -with such eyes as these are to be avoided, as they are indicative of a -deceitful and selfish nature. Very dark blue eyes, with something of -the tint of the violet, show great power of affection and purity of -mind, but not much intellectuality. - -Grey eyes, of a somewhat greenish grey, with orange as well as blue in -them, and which are of ever-varying tints, like the sea, are those -which denote most intellectuality. They are especially indicative of -the impulsive, impressionable temperament--a mixture of the sanguine -and the bilious--which produces the poetic and artistic natures. The -line-- - - "The poet's eye, in a fine phrenzy rolling," - -does not suggest a blue, or even a black, so much as the changeful, -ever-varying tinted, grey eye; and it is a fact that in England (where -there are more varieties of tints in eyes than in any other country) -the poets have almost always grey eyes. A biographer of Byron speaks of -his "beautiful, changeful grey eyes, which deepened in colour when he -was under the influence of tenderness and passion, and which glowed -with a red light when he was angry." Shakespeare also had, we are told, -grey eyes, and so had Sir Walter Scott; whilst Coleridge had eyes of a -greenish grey. Among the artists, too, eyes of this colour abound. - -Black eyes, or what are considered such, are indicative of passionate -ardour in love. Brown eyes, when not of the yellowish tint, but pure -russet brown, show an affectionate disposition; the darker the -brown--that is, the more they verge on to that deepest tint of brown -which is seen in eyes we are in the habit of calling black--the more -ardent and passionate is the power of affection. The brown eyes which -do not appear black--that is, which are not dark enough to appear -so--are the eyes of sweet, gentle, and unselfish natures, without the -inconstancy of the light brown or _yellow_ eyes--"golden eyes," as -they were called by a lady novelist--and which are very little more to -be trusted than the green eyes already spoken of. The maiden in -Longfellow's _Hyperion_, of whom he says, - - "She has two eyes so soft and brown, - She looketh up, she looketh down; - Beware, beware, she is fooling thee," - -must have had these _light_ brown eyes. - -Eyes which show no lines when in sorrow or laughter denote a -passionless and unimpressionable nature. Eyes of a long almond shape, -with thick-skinned eyelids which appear to cover half the pupil, are -indicative of genius; if in conjunction the forehead is that which -shows idealism, and has one deep perpendicular line between the -eyebrows, which is indicative of originality of mind and which is -generally to be seen in the forehead of distinguished writers and -artists. It is very remarkable in all the portraits of Michael Angelo. -The almond-shaped eye, however, even without this peculiar form of -forehead, always means a susceptible, impressionable nature. Eyes which -are large, open and very transparent and which sparkle with a rapid -motion under well-defined eyelids, denote elegance in tastes, a -somewhat susceptible temper and great interest in the opposite sex. - -Eyes with weakly-marked eyebrows above them and with thinly-growing -eyelashes which are completely without any upward curve, denote a -feeble constitution and a melancholy disposition. These eyelashes are -often seen in people who combine the lymphatic and melancholic -temperaments--that is, in persons born under the combined influence of -the two melancholy planets, Saturn and the Moon. The eyes of these -people are either of a pale, colourless sort of blue, or of a dull -black without any sparkle in them. - -Want of eyelash, like want of eyebrows, shows a general want of force, -both of body and intellect. - -Strong, dark and short eyelashes show force of character and a strong -and obstinate will. - -Eyes with sharply-defined angles, sinking at the corners, show subtlety -of mind; the sharper the angle and the more it sinks, the greater the -delicacy of perception it denotes; but when very much developed it -shows also craftiness amounting to deceit. Well-opened eyes with smooth -eyelids and a steady and somewhat fixed glance denote sincerity. Lines -running along the eyelid from side to side and passing out upon the -temples denote habitual laughter--a cheerful temperament, or, at any -rate, one in which the sense of humour is strong. - -We sometimes see (but it is rare) persons whose eyes are of different -colours. For instance, one eye will be of a bluish-grey, whilst the -other will be so flecked with orange or tawny yellow spots as to appear -what might be called a brown eye. This peculiarity of having eyes of -different colours is sometimes to be seen in dogs, and very often in -cats of the Persian breed, or white cats, but it is very rare in human -beings. An old Italian writer says that people having eyes of different -colours are likely to become mad. Having, during the whole course of my -life, only known two persons having this peculiarity, I do not feel -qualified to pass an opinion as regards this indication. One of these -persons certainly was mad on several points; and, when it is added that -the other is the writer of this book, many of its readers may be -inclined to think that the mediæval physiognomist's theory might very -possibly be correct. - - - - -CHAPTER XXIX. - -THE NOSE - - -We often see fine eyes in an otherwise ugly face, but rarely is a -thoroughly beautiful nose found in a face which could be called ugly, -for the nose is the keynote of the face, and in it lies the chief -characteristic of the countenance. Beautiful eyes and beautiful lips -have, it is true, more charm--it is the expression of the eyes and lips -of those we love which we most remember in absence--but it is the nose -which, more than any other feature, most affects the general character -of the face. This will be seen if we try the experiment of drawing the -head and face of any beautiful statue--say the Venus of Milo, for -instance--and, while giving it all its fair proportions of brow and -cheek and chin, we substitute a small turn-up nose, or, worse still, a -flat or snub nose, for the noble yet softly gracious line of the nose -in this most perfect head and how much we should lower the noble type -of beauty this Venus presents! Of course no one in real life could be -unattractive with such a brow and beautifully shaped eyes, to say -nothing of the perfect lips and softly rounded lines of the chin; but -the nobility of the face would be entirely lost by this alteration of -the lines of the nose; whilst we might alter the beautiful lines of the -eyes, narrow the brow, and even take from the softly voluptuous contour -of lips and chin, yet by leaving untouched the perfect form of the nose -we should still retain the dignity of expression which is so -characteristic of this statue. - -A nose to be perfect should equal the length of the forehead; it may, -when the forehead is exceptionally low, be even longer than the -forehead (and in most of the beautiful antique statues it is so), but -on no account should it be shorter than the brow. Viewed in front, the -nose should be somewhat broader at its root--that is, where it starts -from the brow--than below. The end of it should be neither hard nor -fleshy, but it should be well defined, though neither very pointed nor -very broad, for all extremes of forms in any of the features are bad. -Viewed in profile, the distance from the line of the wing of the nose -to its tip should only be one-third of the length of the nose. Thus, -those noses which stand very much out from the face as they near the -end of the nose, whilst they are low on the bridge and between the -eyes, are out of proportion. Those having such noses are vivacious, but -wanting in dignity and force of character. They are impressionable, -inquisitive and inconstant. - -The nostrils (from the different forms of which many indications are -given) should be pointed above and rounded below. The sides of the nose -at its root between the eyes should close well with the line of the -eyebone (as one sees them invariably do in the antique statues), and -should be at least half an inch in width. Perhaps a better rule of -proportion--as regards the whole face--is that the width of the nose -between the eyes should be exactly the length of the eye. - -Noses which are arched from their starting-point between the eyes show -capability of command, energy and force of character. It will be -remembered that the Duke of Wellington--the Iron Duke--had this sort of -nose. Of course, this form in excess (as it certainly was in his case), -without the characteristics of self-control and other good points in -the face, would not have the same indication. A very prominent nose, -like the beak of a parrot, with a narrow brow and retreating chin, -would give stupid obstinacy; but, in an otherwise good physiognomy, a -prominent nose gives force, command and productive energy. - -It cannot, however, be denied that one _sometimes_ comes upon noses -which are rather small in proportion to the rest of the face and which -are so devoid of arch as to be almost concave in their line when seen -in profile, in persons of fairly good understanding; but such noses -belong rather to those who appreciate, than to those who produce, works -of literature and art. The people having these noses, provided the -brows show some intellectuality, will be found to enjoy the beautiful -influences of works of the imagination, but they themselves possess -little or no creative power. - -Straight noses give indications between these two extremes; they may -belong to persons of the creative, or simply appreciative, order of -mind. The form of the head and brow and the line of the eyebrows would -determine to which class they especially belong. Arched noses with -broad backs denote force of character. Swift and Napoleon Bonaparte had -noses of this type. This sort of nose, with an arch starting from the -root, is seen in almost all the busts of the Roman emperors; it is, in -fact, frequently called the "Roman nose," and is very typical of the -race which was for so many ages dominant in Europe; whilst the -beautiful straight nose (which we are accustomed to call Grecian, -because it is seen in almost all the antique statues) is quite as -indicative of the perception of beauty in art and literature and of the -subtlety of mind which distinguished the Greeks. The creative force in -the antique straight nose is given by its _proportion_ to the rest -of the face, for it is always larger in proportion to the brow, cheeks -and jaws than the strongly-arched broad-bridged nose which we call -Roman, and thus it is indicative of quite as much productive force as -the arched Roman nose, with infinitely more delicacy of perception; a -small straight nose shorter than the forehead and set in a large round -face, shows timidity and foolishness and is the nose of an -unintelligent person. - -High noses that are not broad-backed are often seen in the faces of men -of letters, but a high _thin_-backed nose, which seems to start up in a -sharp ridge when seen in profile, is more indicative of penetration and -acuteness than force of mind. These noses have generally fine, sharp -tips, with a downward curve; this is an indication of wit. Voltaire and -Sterne had such noses; they are generally seen in combination with thin -and flexible lips and a somewhat pointed chin. A nose which is bent -downwards is also indicative of sadness of disposition, for it is one -of the signatures of the melancholy planet Saturn; but wit may exist -(in fact generally does so) with a somewhat sad temperament. Voltaire's -wit is almost always cynical, and cynicism grows out of a want of hope, -a want of belief in one's fellow-creatures; whilst in Sterne (the -writer of the inimitable though now little-read work, _Tristram -Shandy_) there is always, even in his brightest sallies, an -under-current of pathetic sadness. People with this sort of nose are -sarcastic, somewhat hypochondriacal and very often reserved and morose. -If, with this form of nose, the nostrils are narrow and almost closed -and the wings of the nose pinched, the indications are still more those -given by the melancholy planet Saturn; the more elastic and freely -moving the nostril with this form of nose, the more bright and the less -sardonic the wit. A person with a broad Roman nose, having this violent -downward curve over the mouth, is one to be avoided, for this -combination denotes a secretly voluptuous temperament--a man or woman -of strong passions hidden beneath a cold and reserved manner. -Broad-backed fleshy noses, round and full at the tips, with -intellectually good brows, show a genial temperament and a sense of -humour. Without the good indications of the brow they would only show -love of good cheer and a certain good-humoured carelessness. - -Snub-noses--that is, noses short in proportion to the brow and with -round fleshy tips--are indicative of commonplace, somewhat coarse -natures, especially if the nostrils are round and the bridge of the -nose very low between the eyes. - -What is called a turned-up nose shows vivacity of temperament, -jealousy, talkativeness, impudence (growing out of a certain amount of -self-esteem) and petulance. - -There is a sort of delicately turned-up nose which we often see in -pretty women, and which, though it shows wilfulness and coquetry--things -not uncommon in pretty women, since the song tells us-- - - "For oh! these charming women, - They all have wills of their own"-- - -is significant of delicate perceptions and a certain intuitive -cleverness which is thoroughly feminine and, therefore, very attractive -to men. These noses--which are especially the noses of charming -women--are well raised at the root; in fact, have all the delicacy of -line of a straight nose, except that the extreme tip has an upward -curve. It must have been of one of these delicate and thoroughly -feminine noses that Tennyson must have been thinking when he describes -one of his heroines as having a nose-- - - "Tip-tilted like a flower." - -Flexible nostrils, which quiver under excitement, show an ardent, -poetic, and sensitive temperament. - -Very open and flexible nostrils show ardour in love and if seen in -conjunction with large, full and slowly-moving eyes and a full under -lip, indicate a voluptuous and passionate nature. - -Closed nostrils show melancholy, timidity and absence of hopefulness--a -person who habitually sees everybody and everything _en noir_. - -Round nostrils show animal instincts and a somewhat low type of -individuality; they are generally seen in snub-noses, which of -themselves give the same indication. - -Noses which have on both sides many wrinkles, which become visible on -the slightest motion and never entirely disappear, even in a state of -complete rest, show cunning and sarcasm. - -When the line (which, after extreme youth, is always more or less seen -from the nose to the mouth) is very strongly marked, and descends at a -great distance from the corners of the mouth to the chin, it evidences -an anxious and melancholic nature. - - - - -CHAPTER XXX. - -THE MOUTH, TEETH, JAW AND CHIN - - -A mouth to be beautiful should be in harmony as regards proportion with -the rest of the features of the face; that is, it should be neither -remarkably large nor remarkably small. Neither the upper nor the lower -lip should project beyond the other when the mouth is closed. The lips -should shut easily over the teeth, and in doing so should fall into a -flowing line of curves without compression. The more the lips are -endowed with motion and the more richly they are coloured, the finer -and more delicate are the human passions they indicate. - -An excess of even good form is bad; thus if the full rich lines of a -generous mouth are exaggerated, we have the indication of sensuality, -whilst the finer susceptibilities shown by delicately moulded lips may, -by a little excess towards thinness, give fastidiousness and even -avarice. - -The middle-sized mouth, which combines strength with warmth of feeling, -whilst it steers clear of coarseness, is what gives the best -indications. Such a mouth shows courage, generosity, and affection. - -A mild, somewhat overhanging upper lip generally signifies goodness, or -rather kindliness of disposition; but if very much overhung it shows -weakness of purpose and an irresolute, vacillating character and, where -the under lip is small as well as retreating and the chin also small, -it is an indication of imbecility. - -A mouth in which the lower lip projects shows prudence amounting to -distrust and melancholy. We often see this form of mouth with the -down-drooping nose; both are indications of the dominating influence of -Saturn at the birth of the person possessing such a combination of -features. If the under lip should be very full as well as projecting -and droops in a flaccid manner without closing over the teeth when the -lips are in repose, it is a sign of a sensual nature. Of course an -intellectual brow and a firm and energetic form of nose would lessen -the evil of such an indication, but there is always a tendency towards -the grosser pleasures of the senses in a person with such a form of -lips. - -A mouth with lips habitually apart denotes eloquence, if the rest of -the face gives intellectual indications; but if none of the signs of -mental power are there, it would only signify a chattering person -wanting in decision and promptness of action. - -A firmly closed mouth shows courage, fortitude and determination; even -an habitually open mouth will be seen to close with a sort of forced -compression when endurance is necessary. Everyone closes the mouth -after saying, "I am resolved." - -A somewhat long mouth, with an upward curve at the corners and with -thin and very flexible lips, indicates wit. Voltaire had this sort of -mouth. - -Full, flexible lips, with a hollow in the centre of the lower lip, and -with the corners turning upwards, show a joyous, hospitable and rather -materialistic temperament, with good spirits and sense of humour. - -A mouth with full lips, but in which one side of the lower lip is -larger and fuller than the other, was said by the old writers to denote -ardour in love and general sensuousness. It is one of the signatures of -Venus. - -A wart just above the upper lip shows a coarse and cruel nature; a mole -in the same place, love of the opposite sex. - -Of course, the shape and placing of the teeth are not without -significance in the character given by the mouth. When the upper gum -shows above the teeth directly the lips are open, it is a sign of a -selfish and phlegmatic nature. - -Short, small teeth are held by the old physiognomists to denote -weakness and short life, whilst rather long teeth, if evenly set in the -head, denote long life. - -The more the teeth, in point of size, shape and arrangement, approach -to those of the carnivorous animals, the more violent are the animal -instincts in the person; whilst the more the human teeth in shape and -position approach to those of the graminivorous animals, the more -placid is the character. - -White, medium-sized and evenly-set teeth, which are seen as soon as the -mouth is open, but which are never exposed--that is, which do not at -any time show the gums--are a sign of good and honest natures. - -Projecting teeth show rapacity; small, retreating teeth, such as are -rarely seen unless in laughter, show weakness and want of physical and -moral courage. The lower teeth projecting and closing over the upper -range are indicative of a harsh nature. - -In most faces the mouth or the nose is the more prominent. Where the -nose is the dominant feature, energy, command and force of willpower, -combined (unless the mouth and eyes show great kindness) with -selfishness, show themselves in the character. Where the mouth, jaw and -chin are more prominent, the appetites and passions are strong. - -Broad jaws, with a broad forehead, mean both force of intellect and -force of animal passion. Byron had this combination of brow and jaw; -but the lips, which were full and flexible and with upward-curving -corners, redeemed the sensuality given by the jaws, and the -intellectual qualities shown by the form of the brow were in excess of -the indications of voluptuousness given by the lower part of the face. - -A person who has the jaw much broader than the brow and head has strong -passions and a weak intellect--the very worst possible combination. - -When the jaws are massive and yet the head and brow are more so, we -have a powerful character, who can exert all his intellectual powers on -one subject--one who has the very valuable faculty of concentration. - -Where the jaws are much narrower than the head, we have a character -where the sensual instincts are feeble, and where intellect is of a -subtle and refined order. Wit is shown by this form of face, especially -if the nose is delicately outlined, the tip pointed and somewhat -drooping over the mouth. - -When the lips retreat on each side of the mouth and open into an oval -form, it denotes a subtle intelligence, tact and refinement of nature. - -A sharp indentation immediately above the chin, between it and the -lower lip, shows good understanding. - -A pointed chin is a sign of craftiness, wisdom, discretion and -intuitive perception. - -A soft, fat, double chin shows epicurism and love of sensual pleasures -of all sorts; it also indicates an indolent temperament. We never see -such chins in persons of an energetic, restless nature. Charles James -Fox, who was excessively indolent, had this chin even in youth. - -A flat chin shows avarice and a cold, hard nature; a small chin -indicates weakness, want of will-power and cowardice. - -A retreating chin is a sign of silliness and, if the brow is shallow, -of imbecility. - -Where the space between the nose and the red part of the lip is short -and very sharply cut, it indicates refinement and delicacy of -perception, but not much power--no _force_ of intellect; where this -space is unusually short, it denotes silliness and weakness of purpose. -A rather long but not flat upper lip, especially where the serpentine -line of the middle of the mouth is much defined and the middle of the -lip droops to the lower lip and is very flexible, denotes an eloquent -person. We see this form of upper lip in the bust of Demosthenes, the -greatest of Grecian orators; in Cicero, whose eloquence was unsurpassed -in his age; in Fox, whose powers of oratory were great; in the -demagogue Wilkes, in Edmund Burke, in Lord Palmerston and numerous -other orators. - -A very long upper lip, which is flat and which belongs to a straight -and formless or too thick-lipped mouth, is a sign of a low and vicious -type of character. Almost all the faces of great criminals have this -defect, combined with massive jaws and high cheek-bones, which last -defect is, both Lavater and Perneti (a great French writer on the -subject of physiognomy) tell us, a sign of rapacity and egotism. - -A round chin, with a dimple in it, denotes kindliness and benevolence, -a tender and unselfish nature. In a very massive double chin the dimple -increases the quality of love of sensual pleasures. A square and -massive chin shows strong perseverance and determined will. - -An old Italian writer says that "women with brown, hairy moles on the -chin, especially if these excrescences are on the under part of the -chin, are industrious, active and are good housewives"; they are also, -he says, "very sanguine and given to love follies. They talk much and -whilst they are easily excited to return a love which is offered them, -they are not so readily prevailed upon to become indifferent. For this -reason," he goes on, evidently speaking feelingly and probably -therefore with personal experience of the matter, "they should be -treated with circumspect, calm friendship and kept at a distance by a -mildly cold dignity of demeanour." He gives no directions as to how -this effective "demeanour" is to be arrived at, but at once passes on -to another remark on the subject of moles, and tells us that "a mole -upon the upper lip, especially if it is bristly, will be found in no -person who is not defective in something essential." This is rather a -wide way of putting the matter. Are people with this blemish morally, -mentally, or physically deficient? Wanting in kissableness such a mouth -might be and this, perhaps, where lips are concerned, _is_ "something -essential." - - - - -CHAPTER XXXI. - -THE HAIR AND THE EARS - - -Black hair which is perfectly without any wave or curl and which lies -in lank, lifeless masses, shows a melancholic disposition; a black -beard which grows sparsely gives the same indication. - -Black hair which is wavy or curling and very thick, shows force of -affection and a certain ardour in love matters; so also does a thick -and crisp-textured black beard and moustache. - -The lank, thin and uncurling black hair is one of the signatures of -Saturn alone; the crisp, curling and thickly-growing black hair is the -combination of Venus and Saturn. The united influence of these two -planets on a life gives force of character, for the warmth and impulse -given by Venus is tempered by the distrust of Saturn into prudence; -thus people with the crisp dark hair get the ardour, combined with -prudence, which produces success in life. - -Chestnut hair of a soft and silky texture and not very thick, gives -romance of character. This is not the sort of hair which is ever seen -on very commonplace, realistic persons. Men having this soft -chestnut-coloured hair are somewhat effeminate in their tastes and are -wanting in energy and decision. Both men and women having it are -incapable of strong affection: they are attracted by the opposite sex, -but they are more given to having a series of small interests than one -strong love. If this hair is found in combination with the golden -coloured eyes it is indicative of coquetry in the nature; if with pale -blue-grey eyes we have languor and caprice--a sentimental and -inconsistent person. - -Bright golden hair of a rich deep colour and of a crisp and waving -texture growing thickly on the head and somewhat low on the brow, shows -an ardent, poetic and artistic temperament. It is the signature of the -Sun. Such people are generally fond of music, painting, or poetry. Both -men and women having this sort of hair are intuitive in their -judgments; they do not reason about things, they feel them; they are a -little quick of temper, that is, easily ruffled, but they are quickly -appeased; they are gay and interest themselves in art, even if they are -not artists themselves. - -Persons with red hair are ardent and vivacious, especially if, with it, -they have hazel eyes, in which case they have a bright and quick -intelligence, for reddish hair and bright brown eyes are the signature -of Mercury. They have a great deal of natural facility for study and -good memories, but they are selfish and rather cruel. - -Red hair, with blue eyes, shows the same warmth of character, but not -so much intelligence, and if, with blue eyes and red hair, the eyebrows -and eyelashes are white--as is often the case--it is an indication of a -weak and capricious nature. - -People with red-brown hair, which is very thick and redder over the -ears and at the temples and on the beard than on the head, are -courageous and hot-tempered. This coloured hair is the signature of the -fiery planet Mars, and (unless the other indications in the face are -widely different) shows activity and energy in all things. It augments -the indications of force and power given by other features and in art -gives sense of colour in painters--force of language and eloquence in -poets--and power in musical composition. - -Hair of that colourless, fair colour which French writers call _blond -cendré_, or ash-coloured, denotes persons of an indolent and dreamy -temperament. It is the indication given by the dominant influence of -the Moon at birth. Persons with this sort of hair, in combination with -large blue-grey eyes, with fair, long, but straight eyelashes and very -slightly-defined eyebrows of the same blonde colour and white, soft -skin, are capricious, languid, imaginative and somewhat melancholic. -The imaginative and excessively indolent Théophile Gautier, the French -novelist, was of this type in combination with Venus, giving a -sensuousness amounting to sensuality. - -Women having this sort of colouring of skin and hair are romantic and -devoted in a resigned, but not active spirit--that is, they are more -generous in words than deeds, for they are incapable of exertion and -still less of perseverance. - -Persons with soft, wavy brown hair are affectionate, gentle and loving. -Their first instincts are always good and kind. They like society and -are gracious in manners and, though they are not quite as indolent as -those having the soft ash-coloured hair--indicative of the Moon's -influence--they are still lovers of repose and elegant comfort. - -People with this soft brown hair (which is one of the signatures of the -planet Venus) are very open to the impressions of beauty and they abhor -noise, discords and quarrels; men with this sort of hair, like those -with _pale_ golden hair, are somewhat effeminate and are easily moved -to tears. - -Large, fleshy ears (especially those which have the lobes of the ears -red) show coarseness of nature and sensuality. - -If the ears stand forward so as to show their entire form when the face -is seen from the front, it denotes rapacity and cruelty. - -Long-shaped but small ears indicate refinement; a very small ear, close -to the head, shows delicacy of perception, refinement, but also -timidity. - -The ears should be so placed as not to be higher than the eyebrow, or -lower than the tip of the nose; if set in too sloping a direction they -show timidity; if too upright, animal instincts, courage, amounting to -cruelty, especially if they obtrude from the head. - -A thin ear shows delicacy and poetry of feeling; a thick ear the -reverse. - -Middle-sized ears, rather close to the head, are the signature of -Jupiter; large ears of Saturn; delicate, long-shaped ears of the Sun -and also of Mercury, only those bearing the signature of Mercury are -more coloured, whilst those of the Sun are pale. - -Very upright ears, standing forward, are the signature of Mars; small, -round ears, delicately tinted pink and close to the head, show the -influence of Venus; whilst middle-sized round ears, of a very pale -colour, are indicative of persons born under the influence of the Moon. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXII. - -THE SIGNATURES OF THE PLANETS ON THE FACE - - -Those born under Jupiter have fresh complexions, and large blue or grey -eyes, with thick and well-formed eyelids; and their eyelashes are long; -their hair--which is chestnut, or, if tending towards black, is a -brown, not _blue_, black--and is crisp or curly. They generally have -well-marked and somewhat arched eyebrows, and their noses straight, -with a slight rise on them, and somewhat fleshy; their mouths are -large, but with generous, curved and full lips, the upper lip -projecting over the lower one; their teeth are large, and the two in -front are generally longer than the rest; their cheeks are fleshy and -firm; the cheek-bones are well defined, without being prominent; the -chin is large, with a dimple in the centre of it; their ears are of -medium size and lie somewhat close to the head. The men born under -Jupiter have thick curly brown beards, but they get bald early in life. - -Those born under the dominant influence of the melancholy planet Saturn -have no colour in their cheeks and their skin is dark and of a yellow -or leaden tint. It is seldom that anyone is born under the _sole_ -influence of one planet; the ugliness of the Saturnian type is much -mitigated by the influence of Jupiter, and the union of Venus and -Saturn often produces positive beauty of a serious and melancholic -sort. Many of the strikingly beautiful Spanish faces show the combined -influence of these two planets. - -Those born under the dominant influence of the Sun have regular -features and a soft skin of a yellowish tint, but with colour in the -cheeks and lips. Their hair is of a _red_-gold tint; and their eyebrows -are well defined, but not dark. Their eyes are of a golden brown or -greenish grey, and are brilliant and well shaped; the eyelashes and -eyebrows are a little darker than the hair, but not dark, and are -traced in a long sweeping line extending to the temples. Their cheeks -are well covered, without being plump; their jaws are a long oval and -neither the cheek-bones nor the jaws are at all prominent. Their teeth -are even, but of rather yellowish white; their mouths are neither large -nor small, but well formed, with the lips meeting evenly, that is, -neither the upper nor the lower lip projecting. Their ears are -medium-sized, rather long in shape, lying close to the head and the -lobes of them are fleshy and slightly coloured of a pinkish hue. The -chin is rather prominent, round and well shaped, like those of the -antique statues, but not fleshy. Those born under the influence of the -Sun have frequently weak sight, especially if their birth has taken -place during an eclipse. - -Those born under the influence of Mercury have long faces and delicate, -mobile features. Their skin is fine, soft and honey-coloured, but -changes in tint with every passing emotion, for those born under -Mercury are of a nervous, vividly intuitive and highly excitable -temperament. Their hair is of a reddish, not golden, brown (what is -called auburn), very fine and supple. Their foreheads are high and -prominent and their eyebrows, which are long and delicately traced, lie -very low over the eyes and are very mobile, moving up and down with -every emotion. The eyes of those born under this planet are somewhat -sunken, of a hazel or dark grey colour; they move quickly and have a -restless expression; the white of the eye is (like that of those born -under Saturn) of a yellowish tint and the lids of the eyes are thin and -do not droop at all over the eyes. Their noses are straight and long, -with delicate nostrils; the tip of the nose is round rather than -pointed and frequently has a small cleft or dimple, which is, however, -only faintly perceptible in certain lights, at the extreme tip. They -have delicate mouths which droop a little at the corners and the lips -are thin, mobile and often a little apart; the upper lip is thicker and -more projecting than the lower lip; the teeth are small and even. The -chin is long, pointed and a little projecting at the lip. The head is -oval in shape and full at the temples. - -Those born under the planet Mars have short, square-shaped, but small -heads, with high foreheads on which the hair grows far back, leaving -the forehead much exposed. Their faces are round, sometimes square at -the lower part and their skin is hard and dry and of a red colour, -especially about the ears, which are long-shaped, set straight rather -high on the head and slightly projecting from it. Their eyebrows are -short, sometimes stopping midway over the eyes, very bushy and lying -close to the eyes. Between the eyebrows are several short upright -wrinkles. The hair is of a red or sandy colour, coarse and very curly. -The beards of men born under Mars are thick, short and of the same -fiery colour as the hair. Their eyes are grey or red-brown and are -large, round, very wide open and have a fierce and fixed glance; the -white of the eye in those born under this fiery planet is often -bloodshot. Their mouths are large, but the upper lip is thin and -compressed; the lower lip is somewhat thicker than the upper lip. Their -noses are short and aquiline, with dilated nostrils. Their chins are -projecting and somewhat massive, for the jaw is strongly developed; the -cheeks are somewhat hollow, and the cheek-bones very marked. - -Those born under the influence of the Moon have round-shaped heads, -broad at the temples (showing ideality--the Moon gives imagination). -The forehead is full over the eyebrows, but retreats at the top; it is -broad and low. The complexion is pale, almost colourless and the skin -is soft. Their hair is fine, soft, of a colourless fairness, no golden -tint in it and it is never very thick. The faces of those born under -the dominant influence of the Moon are large and round; the nose is (in -proportion to the face) small and short and its tip is round rather -than pointed. Their eyes are of the same colour as the hair, very -lightly marked, but joining over the nose. Their mouths are small; but -their lips, which are of a pale colour, are full and pouting and are -rarely quite closed. Their teeth are large and often irregular. Their -chins are round, fleshy and retreating. Their ears are also round, -medium size, pale coloured, set in a very sloping direction and lying -close to the head. If born during an eclipse of the Moon, those born -under this influence are sometimes blind. - -People born under the influence of Venus have a great resemblance to -those born under Jupiter, only their beauty is more feminine. They have -the white and delicately-tinted skin of the Jupiterians, but it is -still softer, finer and more transparent. They have round faces, the -cheek-bones and the jaw-bones are not at all apparent; their cheeks are -softly rounded and generally ornamented with dimples; their foreheads -are a delicate oval, rather low and have delicate azure veins at the -temples. The eyebrows of persons born under the influence of this -beautiful planet are dark and beautifully marked in long sweeping but -very delicate lines, but not meeting over the nose. Their hair is long, -thick, soft, undulating and of a light brown colour. Their noses, which -are broad at the root between the eyes, are straight and delicate, not -at all pointed, but rather rounded at the tip;[20] the nostrils are -round, but dilated and very flexible. Their eyes are large, clear, -humid and somewhat projecting; the pupils are large in proportion to -the white of the eye, which is limpid and of a clear, transparent, -bluish white; their eyelids are well formed and blue veined. Their -mouths are small and of a beautiful red colour; the lips are full, -especially the lower one, the right side of which is slightly larger -than the left. This is a particular Signature of Venus, as is also a -small dimple near the corner of the mouth. The teeth are white, small, -evenly set in coral-tinted gums and the chin is soft and round and has, -like the chin of Jupiterians, a dimple in it. - - [20] The noses of those born under Venus are frequently - slightly upturned at the tip; they are never bent downwards - over the lips. - -Although the signs just described are those given by each planet, as it -rarely happens that anyone is born under the influence of one planet -only, but generally of two or more, it is rarely that we see a face -which gives the pure type of any one planet without admixture. It is -for the physiognomist to examine and ascertain which is the dominant -planet. - -The union of Saturn and Jupiter gives a pale skin without freshness, -chestnut hair and eyes and a rather dark skin, the face a round oval -and dark grey eyes. - -The union of Venus with the Sun gives brilliant beauty, a beautiful -complexion, hair of a golden brown or rich chestnut, full, bright brown -eyes with long eyelashes, a delicately-formed nose and a beautiful -mouth. People born under this junction have much charm of manner, but -they are not very constant; for, although they have much tenderness, -they are of the ardent artistic nature, which, from its very -susceptibility, cannot be expected to be as constant as those who are -less impressionable; they are people of quick rather than deep -feelings; they love readily, but as readily forget. - -"Women born under the double influence of Venus and the Sun," says an -old Italian writer on the subject, are "loving, lovely and beloved." - - - - -CHAPTER XXXIII. - -CONCERNING THE MOLES ON THE FACE AND THEIR REFERENCE TO THOSE ON THE -BODY - - -All moles are the result of the influences of the planets, or of the -sign of the zodiac rising at birth. The moles which are given by Saturn -are black; those by Jupiter are of a purple-brown colour; those by the -Sun, yellow; by Venus, light brown; Mercury, honey-coloured; by the -Moon, of a bluish white. - -A mole on the right side of the forehead, just beneath or on the line -of Saturn (see plate) indicates another on the right side of the -breast. This mole shows to a man, if yellow, that he will have good -fortune in sowing, tilling the earth, or building; if red, he will have -luck all through his life, by his courage and force of character; if -black, his condition will be changeable; if the mole is purple, he will -be advanced to be the head of his family. In a woman a mole in this -position shows fortune by inheritance or legacies; but if black in -colour she will not live long. - -A mole on the left side of the forehead on the Line of Saturn indicates -another on the left side of the back and shows to a man imprisonment -and disaster; if honey-coloured, his trouble comes from women; if red, -from quarrels with enemies; if black, he will be unfortunate all his -life. To a woman it foretells that she will live out of her own country -and if black she will be a widow. - -A mole in the middle of the forehead on the Line of Saturn shows -another in the middle of the stomach and foretells to a man, if it -should be black, that he will suffer much ill-fortune for the sake of -women; if red, he will get some pleasure out of his troubles with them; -and if yellow, he will rejoice through women; if of a pale bluish -colour and raised, he will be much beloved of women. To a woman, of -whatever colour it may appear, it indicates that she is of a very -luxurious nature and will suffer from her own folly as regards men. - -A mole on the right side of the forehead on the Line of Jupiter shows -another on the right side over the liver and indicates, to a man, good -fortune in marriage, long life and large possessions; but if black, he -will not be quite so lucky as regards marriage. To a woman it shows, -whatever its colour, good fortune in all that concerns her. - -A mole on the left side of the forehead on the Line of Jupiter shows -another on the left side of the stomach and indicates, to a man, love -of material enjoyments, especially if it be of a purple colour; if -honey-coloured, he is not so sensual. To a woman such a mole shows her -to be imprudent and quite regardless of her own honour. - -A mole in the middle of the Line of Jupiter shows another in the middle -of the breast and indicates that a man is of a harsh nature; if red, he -is furious in temper; if black, he is singularly unfortunate in all his -undertakings; but if raised and of a bluish colour, he is less unlucky. -To a woman it indicates that she is foolish, prattling and idle. - -A mole on the right side of the Line of Mars shows another on the right -arm and indicates, if red, military distinction; if honey-coloured, -good fortune with horses and other cattle; if black, danger from -four-footed beasts; if much raised and somewhat red, it shows good -fortune in all things relating to fire. To a woman this mole shows a -rich husband, full of kindness and complacency. - -A mole on the left side of the Line of Mars indicates another on the -left arm, and shows a man to be of a quarrelsome nature; if black, he -is treacherous and loses much by four-footed beasts and by -horse-racing; if purple or yellow, he is involved in quarrels about -women. Such a mole, whatever its colour, shows a woman to be very -unfortunate in her love affairs, and likely to be betrayed by her -female friends. - -A mole in the middle of the Line of Mars indicates another on the left -side of the belly; if red, the man is likely to be guilty of -manslaughter and if any other colour he is sensual. To a woman this -mole shows vanity and, if black, she is likely to be the cause of the -death of some friend, but more by mischance than by design. - -A mole on the right side of the forehead on the Line of the Sun -indicates another on the right breast and intimates, to a man, of -whatever colour but black, riches and honours; if black, his good -fortune will not be so great and will come, not from his own merits, -but from the exertions of friends. To a woman it shows an affluence of -the goods of fortune; but if black she will have to be very subservient -to her husband. - -A mole near the right ear shows another on the right side of the belly, -not low down and signifies, to a man, a blow on the head, some accident -to that ear, whereby he may lose his hearing; if black, these evils are -the more to be apprehended. To a woman it shows the loss of those -things she most values. - -A mole on the left ear shows another on the left side, low down on the -belly. This mole indicates to a man persecution from enemies. If it be -of a red colour, that he will go near to committing murder by reason of -women; if black, or even honey-coloured, it is still of evil indication -and shows quarrels and violent death. To a woman, let it be of -whatsoever colour, it shows that she will be the cause of death to -someone; let her, therefore, shun to meddle with poison. - -A mole on the right cheek shows another on the right hip and indicates, -to a man, that he will have great charm of manner towards women, and be -much beloved by them; this, whatever its colour. To a woman also it -shows happy marriage and that she will be vehemently beloved. - -A mole on the left cheek shows another on the left hip and indicates, -to a man, a wandering existence and short life; if black, he dies by -violence. To a woman it threatens sharp and hard fortune, especially in -love matters. - -A mole on the right side or corner of the mouth shows another at the -right side of the lower part of the spine and shows, to a man, that he -shall much increase his wealth by reason of his own sagacity; but if -honey-coloured, his good fortune will come by women. To a woman such a -mole shows she will abound in wealth and be vehemently beloved; if -black in colour, with all these advantages, she will yet suffer from -the scandal of envious women friends. - -A mole on the left side of the mouth indicates another on the left side -of the base of the spine and shows, to a man, that he will be entangled -with a woman he cannot marry, and have illegitimate children. To a -woman it shows a likelihood of the same disgrace. - -A mole in the middle of the upper lip shows another on the lowest part -of the body and indicates, to a man, that he will be miserable from -various perils, but above all from women. To a woman this mole shows -sickness and weakness from internal diseases. - -A mole beneath the middle of the under lip shows another on the knee -and indicates, to a man, that he will undertake long and perilous -journeys, by reason of which he shall see many strange countries; if -honey-coloured, he will gain wealth from strangers and marry a rich, -foreign wife. Such a mole shows a woman to be thoughtless and likely to -marry a foreigner and live much out of her own country. - -A mole upon the middle of the chin shows another upon the right foot -and indicates, to a man, that he shall have good fortune through women. -To a woman happy marriage, but worry for her children. - -A mole on the right side of the chin shows another on the right haunch -and indicates, to the man, that he will be of great intellectual -capacity; if black, he will be a searcher in occult matters. In a woman -it shows good fortune, happy marriage and long life, whatsoever may be -its colour. - -A mole on the left side of the chin shows another on the left haunch -and indicates, to a man, inconstant fortune, much worry of mind and -bodily discomfort. In a woman it shows ill-health and, if of a pale -bluish colour, danger by water. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXIV. - -CONCERNING THE MOLES WHICH HAVE NO CORRESPONDING MOLES ON THE FACE - - -A mole on the right side of the throat shows to a man great wit but -short life, whatever may be its colour. To a woman it indicates a -reasonably happy life, but danger and pain from childbirth. - -A mole on the left side of the throat threatens a man with dangerous -falls from horses or from high places. To a woman the same and, should -the mole be of a pale colour, danger by water. - -A mole at the nape of the neck indicates to either man or woman great -danger of untimely death by water. - -A mole in the midst of the throat--that is, on the gullet--shows to a -man much danger of death by strangulation or hanging. To a woman peril -in sickness and, if the mole should be black in colour, she dies. - -A mole immediately under the right breast shows to a man that he will -be lucky in agriculture. To a woman that she shall receive inheritance -from the dead; if black, her father is killed by accident. - -A mole under the left breast shows a man to be of a malignant nature -and furious of temper, but strong in love. To a woman it indicates -great constancy and suffering by reason of that constancy. - -A mole on the knee, whether left or right, predicts, to either man or -woman, long and various journeys. Such persons will marry entirely for -their own fancy, probably foreigners, and will be very fortunate in -their marriages. - -A mole on the calf of the right leg shows to a man that by his own -ingenuity and learning he shall attain a high position; if black, he -will receive some sorrow from women; but if the mole should appear -_raised_ he marries a lovely person--has only one wife and lives -happily. To a woman it shows a fortunate, good and rich husband and -that she will have many children and live long. - -A mole on the lowest part of the body shows to a man that he is of a -very luxurious nature and that he shall be enriched by marriage. A -woman having this mole is rather sensuous, but--on the whole--faithful -to her husband. - -A mole on the right shoulder shows a man to be fortunate in his -undertakings; if red, he has a large fortune with his wife. To a woman -it indicates a marriage above her expectations; but if black, she -buries her first husband and marries again. - -A mole on the right foot shows to a man that he will be clever in -acquiring foreign languages and that he will be a great student of -occult matters. To a woman it promises a fortunate and happy, long -life; if black, this good fortune is somewhat chequered with troubles. - -A mole on the left foot denotes a man to be rash and of an evil and -vagabond disposition. To a woman it shows much care and trouble and, if -black, danger in travelling. - -If the second toe in a foot should stretch out much beyond the great -toe, it shows, to either man or woman, riches and a happy and -prosperous life. - -A mole on the left shoulder predicts to a man much worry in money -matters. To a woman it shows a life of continual anxiety and -humiliation by reason of her own vanity. If black in colour, she -suffers some serious disgrace from her own conduct. - -A mole on the lower part of the neck on the right side near the -shoulder shows a man to be very covetous. To a woman it indicates that -she will be beloved of princes or great personages far above her in -rank. - -A mole on the neck near the left shoulder indicates to either man or -woman disgrace from evil practices. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXV. - -CONCERNING THE MARKS GIVEN AT BIRTH BY THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC - - -By a knowledge of the signature given by the signs of the zodiac, when -rising at birth, we may sometimes ascertain the hour of nativity, or, -at any rate, go near enough to it to be able to work out the horoscope -after a fashion, supposing the exact date to be impossible of -attainment. - -A person born when the first part of the sign Aries is rising will have -a small raised mole amongst the hairs of the head; if the second part -of the sign happened to be rising at the birth, the mark or mole would -be raised in the form of a pea or wart and would be seen on the -forehead; if the third part of the sign arose at birth, the mark would -appear below the mouth, or towards the chin. Those persons having these -marks of Aries on any of the parts described will generally be found to -have the mark of Mars in the lowest part of the body, also in the form -of a raised mole or wart. - -When Taurus is rising at a birth, the native bears a mark in the front -of the throat, sometimes in the form of a raspberry or red-coloured -mole, which mark is always ill in its effects. Should the second part -of the sign Taurus have been rising at the nativity, the person will -have the mark at the side of the throat. If the third, the same mark -will appear on the nape of the neck, but then it will be more raised -than the two former moles. - -Those born under Gemini have their marks in the arms. If the first part -of the sign arose at birth, they bear its mark on the right arm, near -the shoulder; if the second, on the same part of the left arm and if -the third part of the sign arises at birth, the native bears the mark -on the right arm, but below the elbow and generally near the wrist. - -When the sign Cancer is in the ascendant, the mark is on the upper part -of the right breast in the form of a flower or a hare's foot, of a -whitish colour, and commonly having a hair or two springing from it. In -the older days this mark was supposed to be an evidence of witchcraft -in a woman and many poor creatures have lost their lives for this. -Those born under the second part of the sign Cancer have the mark lower -down on the breast and when the third part of Cancer is rising at a -birth, the sign is nearly under the breast. - -When Leo is in the ascendant at birth, the sign is on the left breast -and, in the same manner, if the sign appears high up on the breast it -indicates that the first part of the sign was ascending; if near the -middle, the second; and if on one side, towards the left armpit, the -third part of the sign must have been ascending at birth. - -In nativities under Virgo the mark is on the upper part of the stomach, -that is, between the two breasts, when the first part of the sign -ascends; those born when the second part is rising have the mark near -the navel; and those when the third part is rising quite low down on -the stomach. Those that are thus marked are very inconstant. The moles -given by Virgo are flat, and of a reddish colour. - -When Libra is in the ascendant, the marks are raised like warts, and -are small, soft, and hairy; when the first part of the sign is rising -the mark is near the loins; when the second, towards the centre of the -stomach and the third part of the sign throws the mark to quite the -lower part of the body. - -Those born under Sagittarius have the mark of the sign in the thighs -and these moles are raised like bulbs and are very big. When the first -part of the sign is rising, the mark is on the right thigh; when the -second part is rising, on the left thigh and those who have the third -part of Sagittarius rising at their birth are so marked on the right -haunch. - -Those born under Capricornus have the marks on the knees, which marks -are quite flat. When the first part is rising, the mark is on the right -knee; when the second, on the left, and when the third, the mole is -under the knee. - -It will be remembered that the sign Aquarius governs the legs; -therefore those who are born with this sign ascending have the mark of -it (which is a long-shaped mole) on the right leg (this mark shows -extreme inconstancy); when the sign Scorpio is rising at birth there is -a dark mole on the belly showing ill fortune. - -The sign Pisces, or the Fishes, governs the feet; therefore those who -have this sign in their ascendant are marked on the feet. Those born -under the first part have the marks (which are ordinary flat moles) on -the right foot; those under the second, on the left; and those on the -third, on the soles of the feet or on the heels. These last are called -the Royal marks; they are large moles inclining to red, and those who -are marked in those places are assured of honours and dignities. - - [Illustration: ALFRIDARY FOR A DIURNAL NATIVITY. - ALFRIDARY FOR A NOCTURNAL NATIVITY. - - _To face Chapter XXXVI._] - - - - -CHAPTER XXXVI. - -CONCERNING ALFRIDARIES - - -This word is taken from the Greek and refers to the certain time or -number of years of the several planets which, in those years, dispense -their benevolence or malignity according to their natures. - -It will be observed from the plate at the beginning of this chapter, -that each of the planets has his Alfridary, one after the other--and in -this table will be seen the number of years in which each planet more -particularly governs the life. - -In all diurnal nativities the Sun begins the first Alfridary, and has -seven years of government; Venus succeeds, having seven years of -Alfridary; then Mercury, who has seven years of government. After him -the Moon rules the existence for seven years; then Saturn for the same -number; Jupiter succeeds him for seven years; afterwards Mars dominates -the existence for seven years; after which the Dragon's Head and -Dragon's Tail influence the life for three years; and then the Sun has -five more years of government, when the life probably ends. - -Those that are born in the night have their first Alfridaric years from -the Moon, which are seven, followed by those of Saturn, who has seven -years; after him Mars is dominant for seven years; then the Sun for the -same number of years; succeeded by Venus and Mercury, each only seven -years. - -The years of an Alfridary are eighty-two--namely, the Moon, seven; -Saturn, seven; Jupiter, seven; Mars, seven; the Sun, seven; Venus, -seven; Mercury, seven; the Dragon's Head, three; the Dragon's Tail, -two. These two last have their Alfridaric years separate from the -others, and they are those which exceed the seventy years of life, -which are weak and feeble. For these signs are not (as we have seen) -planets, but only symbols of a place in the zodiac representing the -Moon's north and south nodes. - -It will be noticed in these tables that, after the years of -seventy-five, the Sun in a diurnal nativity, and the Moon in a -nocturnal nativity, take up again their government, as at the beginning -of the life. These tables are interesting, as shadowing forth the dates -of the events of the subject's life. - -Those born under the Sun marry early, whilst those in whose nativity -the Moon is powerful, generally marry rather late than early. In either -nativity, when Saturn comes up, sorrows by death, sickness and loss of -money may be expected; whilst, when Mars is powerful, evils of a strong -and sudden nature appear, such as accidents, sudden deaths, quarrels -and contentions of a vexatious character. - -Those born under the Moon have very often serious and passionate loves -quite late in life; this is accounted for in some measure by the fact -that Venus has seven years of government in a nocturnal nativity from -the age of fifty to fifty-seven. The age of forty-four, in a diurnal -nativity, would be likely to bring about some misfortune during that -year of the native's life, _both the infortunes_, Saturn and Mars, -being then powerful. The same thing occurs in a nocturnal nativity at -the age of thirteen, from which age up to twenty there is not much good -fortune; it will be remembered that the latter part of the life of a -person born at night is generally much happier and altogether more -fortunate than the earlier years of existence. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXVII. - -CONCERNING THE MYSTICAL WHEEL OF PYTHAGORAS AND THE METHODS OF WORKING -IT - - -This mystical figure is copied from a work in old French on Chiromancy -and Geomancy, compiled by the Sieur de Peruchio, and published at Paris -in 1657. - -Arithmancy, or divination by numbers, on which the working of this -figure depends, was much practised in various ways during the Middle -Ages; and much confidence appears to have been placed in this wheel of -Pythagoras, which resolves questions by a species of sortilegy by -numbers, in which the result depends upon the unfettered agency of the -mind and will, or the serious intent to know any difficult thing. The -wheel is said by the old-world writers to be able "to resolve all -questions on all matters upon the result of which the querent desires -information, whether of the past, present, or future." - -Concerning the method of working it, the Sieur de Peruchio gives the -following explanations:-- - -The wheel, it will be perceived, is divided into four equal parts, the -upper part of which contains the numbers which are _fortunate_, and the -lower half those which are _unfortunate_. Around the wheel are seen the -letters of the Alphabet, above which are placed certain corresponding -numbers, which are required in the calculations. - -The following table gives the numbers to be chosen by chance (as will -be explained further on) in working the questions:-- - - -------------------------- - ¦ 1 ¦ 11 ¦ 22 ¦ 28 ¦ 29 ¦ - |----|----|----|----|----| - ¦ 6 ¦ 2 ¦ 12 ¦ 23 ¦ 30 ¦ - |----|----|----|----|----| - ¦ 15 ¦ 7 ¦ 3 ¦ 13 ¦ 24 ¦ - |----|----|----|----|----| - ¦ 19 ¦ 16 ¦ 8 ¦ 4 ¦ 14 ¦ - |----|----|----|----|----| - ¦ 25 ¦ 20 ¦ 17 ¦ 9 ¦ 5 ¦ - |----|----|----|----|----| - ¦ 27 ¦ 26 ¦ 21 ¦ 18 ¦ 10 ¦ - -------------------------- - -The inquirer, whilst thinking _earnestly_ upon the matter he wishes -resolved by the wheel, must choose a number out of the above Table. - -This is better done with the eyes closed, and the number pricked out -with a pin, so that there may be no premeditation in the choice. To -this number, thus chosen, the inquirer must add the number answering to -the first letter of his first name, which number is seen in the wheel -itself where the numbers are above the letters of the alphabet. To this -number must be added the number of the day of the week on which the -question is asked and of the planet ruling that day. Then add all these -numbers together and divide the sum by 30 as often as it can be done. -Then look for that number which is the remainder in the inner circle of -the wheel; observing in what part of the wheel it falls should there -happen to be _no_ remainder, then the number 30 must be looked for. If -the question to be propounded should be whether anything about to be -undertaken will succeed or not, should the number fall in the _upper_ -part of the wheel the matter will have a happy issue; but if, on the -contrary, the number appears on the _lower_ part of the wheel the thing -in question will not be a success. In any question where time is -concerned as, for instance, as regarding how long or how short shall be -the matter in hand it must be borne in mind that the numbers in the -right half of the wheel represent _long time_--that is, that the event -about which the question is asked will be some time before it comes to -pass; whilst those in the left half of the wheel signify _short_ -time--and so, whether for good or evil, shall the business quickly or -slowly come to pass. - -All questions are thus to be asked but _one_, and that is, whether -a sick person shall recover or die; in which case, after proceeding to -add the numbers of the Christian name, the day of the week and the -planet, the number representing the Moon's age on the day the question -is asked must also be added; for example, if a person whose name is -Veronica--asks on a Wednesday, 20th day of the Moon, if a sick friend -should live or die, and chooses from the Table the number of 23, the -matter would be worked thus:-- - - Number chosen 23 - Number answering to the letter V 9 - Number answering to Wednesday 102 - Number answering to the planet Mercury 114 - Number of the age of the Moon 20 - --- - 268 - -This, divided by 30, leaves 28 remainder, which will be found to fall -in the unfortunate part of the wheel, showing that her friend will -_not_ recover. - -The following table of the mystical numbers representing the planets, -and also those belonging to the days of the week which each planet -governs, is of much importance in working the wheel:-- - - PLANETS. ¦ DAYS OF THE WEEK. - ¦ - [Saturn] 55 ¦ Saturday 45 - ¦ - [Jupiter] 78 ¦ Thursday 31 - ¦ - [Mars] 39 ¦ Tuesday 52 - ¦ - [Sun] 34 ¦ Sunday 106 - ¦ - [Venus] 45 ¦ Friday 68 - ¦ - [Mercury] 114 ¦ Wednesday 102 - ¦ - [Moon] 45 ¦ Monday 52 - -These several numbers attributed to the days of the week, as well as -those of the planet ruling the day, are of very ancient origin and are, -probably, as well as the wheel itself, a relic of former _traditional_ -foreknowledge by lots and numbers. - -There are certain days, however, which are evil days, on which no -question should be asked of the wheel of Pythagoras. These days are as -follows:-- - - Of January, the 3rd, 4th, 5th, 9th and 11th. - Of February, the 7th, 13th, 17th and 19th. - Of March, the 13th, 15th and 16th. - Of April, the 5th and 14th. - Of May, the 8th and 14th. - June has but one ill day, which is the 6th. - July has two, the 16th and the 19th. - August has also only two, the 8th and 16th. - September has three, the 1st, 15th and 16th. - October has only one ill day, which is the 16th. - November has two, the 15th and 16th. - December has three, the 6th, 7th and 11th. - -This is a very old tradition, and in mediæval ages these days were -universally shunned as "ruled by evil influences." In conclusion, those -consulting the wheel of Pythagoras are advised not to ask more than one -question on the same day and to refrain from all gibing, sporting, or -jesting, and--above all--from all unbelief whilst making use of this -mystical wheel in order to know the truth. - - -ENVOY. - -Go--little book--and teach the present age something of the wisdom -bequeathed us by the Past. - - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's The Influence of the Stars, by Rosa Baughan - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE INFLUENCE OF THE STARS *** - -***** This file should be named 42889-8.txt or 42889-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/2/8/8/42889/ - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Delphine Lettau and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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