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| author | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-07 21:41:18 -0800 |
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| committer | nfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org> | 2025-03-07 21:41:18 -0800 |
| commit | 9009f93ce769c83e3d5ed817ceb30f7aa740d61c (patch) | |
| tree | b193ea956e75d9bf60e71aac15678bd51edf1d4e /42832-h | |
| parent | 522b850196ed1fb23ee9572b7c6567d5d06b6b1d (diff) | |
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diff --git a/42832-h/42832-h.htm b/42832-h/42832-h.htm index 4ecb700..8520a9b 100644 --- a/42832-h/42832-h.htm +++ b/42832-h/42832-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> -<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /> <title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Synopsis of the Birds of North America, by John James Audubon</title> <style type="text/css"> @@ -65,29 +65,10 @@ sup {font-size: .8em; position: relative; top: 0.2em; left: 0.3em;} </style> </head> <body> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42832 ***</div> <h1 class="center">The Project Gutenberg eBook, A Synopsis of the Birds of North America, by John James Audubon</h1> -<p>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at <a -href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> -<p>Title: A Synopsis of the Birds of North America</p> -<p>Author: John James Audubon</p> -<p>Release Date: May 28, 2013 [eBook #42832]</p> -<p>Language: English</p> -<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> -<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SYNOPSIS OF THE BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA***</p> <p> </p> -<h4 class="center">E-text prepared by Sharon Joiner, Thierry Alberto, Tom Cosmas,<br /> - and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> - (<a href="http://www.pgdp.net">http://www.pgdp.net</a>)<br /> - from page images scanned by the<br /> - Google Books Library Project<br /> - (<a href="http://books.google.com">http://books.google.com</a>)<br /> - and generously made available by the<br /> - HathiTrust Digital Library<br /> - (<a href="http://www.hathitrust.org/digital_library">http://www.hathitrust.org/digital_library</a>)</h4> <p> </p> <table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff;margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10"> <tr> @@ -259,7 +240,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="smcap tdr">Page</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_I_VULTURINAE">FAMILY I. VULTURINÆ. VULTURINE BIRDS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_I_VULTURINAE">FAMILY I. VULTURINÆ. VULTURINE BIRDS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">1</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -268,7 +249,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">1</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_II_FALCONINAE">II. FALCONINÆ. FALCONINE BIRDS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_II_FALCONINAE">II. FALCONINÆ. FALCONINE BIRDS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">3</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -327,7 +308,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">19</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_III_STRIGINAE">III. STRIGINÆ. OWLS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_III_STRIGINAE">III. STRIGINÆ. OWLS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">20</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -361,7 +342,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">29</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_VI_CAPRIMULGINAE">IV. CAPRIMULGINÆ. GOATSUCKERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_VI_CAPRIMULGINAE">IV. CAPRIMULGINÆ. GOATSUCKERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">30</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -375,16 +356,16 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">32</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_V_CYPSELINAE">V. CYPSELINÆ. SWIFTS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_V_CYPSELINAE">V. CYPSELINÆ. SWIFTS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">33</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">1.</td> - <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_I_CHAETURA"><span class="smcap">Chætura. Spine-Tail</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_I_CHAETURA"><span class="smcap">Chætura. Spine-Tail</span>,</a></td> <td class="tdr">33</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_VI_HIRUNDINAE">VI. HIRUNDINÆ. SWALLOWS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_VI_HIRUNDINAE">VI. HIRUNDINÆ. SWALLOWS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">34</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -394,7 +375,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span> - <a href="#FAMILY_VII_MUSCICAPINAE">VII. MUSCICAPINÆ. FLYCATCHERS,</a></td> + <a href="#FAMILY_VII_MUSCICAPINAE">VII. MUSCICAPINÆ. FLYCATCHERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">37</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -418,7 +399,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">46</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_VIII_SYLVICOLINAE">VIII. SYLVICOLINÆ. WOOD-WARBLERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_VIII_SYLVICOLINAE">VIII. SYLVICOLINÆ. WOOD-WARBLERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">47</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -447,7 +428,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">70</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_IX_CERTHIANAE">IX. CERTHIANÆ. CREEPERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_IX_CERTHIANAE">IX. CERTHIANÆ. CREEPERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">71</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -461,7 +442,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">73</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_X_PARINAE">X. PARINÆ. TITS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_X_PARINAE">X. PARINÆ. TITS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">77</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -470,7 +451,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">78</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XI_SYLVIANAE">XI. SYLVIANÆ. WARBLERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XI_SYLVIANAE">XI. SYLVIANÆ. WARBLERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">80</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -484,7 +465,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">83</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XII_TURDINAE">XII. TURDINÆ. THRUSHES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XII_TURDINAE">XII. TURDINÆ. THRUSHES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">85</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -503,7 +484,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">88</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XIII_MOTACILLINAE">XIII. MOTACILLINÆ. WAGTAILS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XIII_MOTACILLINAE">XIII. MOTACILLINÆ. WAGTAILS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">92</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -517,7 +498,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">94</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XIV_ALAUDINAE">XIV. ALAUDINÆ. LARKS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XIV_ALAUDINAE">XIV. ALAUDINÆ. LARKS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">95</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -526,7 +507,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">96</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XV_FRINGILLINAE">XV. FRINGILLINÆ. FINCHES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XV_FRINGILLINAE">XV. FRINGILLINÆ. FINCHES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">97</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -541,7 +522,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">3.</td> - <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_III_NIPHAEA"><span class="smcap">Niphæa. Snow-Bird</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_III_NIPHAEA"><span class="smcap">Niphæa. Snow-Bird</span>,</a></td> <td class="tdr">106</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -556,7 +537,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">6.</td> - <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_VI_PEUCAEA"><span class="smcap">Peucæa. Pinewood-Finch</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_VI_PEUCAEA"><span class="smcap">Peucæa. Pinewood-Finch</span>,</a></td> <td class="tdr">112</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -621,7 +602,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">135</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XVI_AGELAINAE">XVI. AGELAINÆ. MARSH-BLACKBIRDS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XVI_AGELAINAE">XVI. AGELAINÆ. MARSH-BLACKBIRDS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">137</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -650,7 +631,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">145</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XVII_STURNINAE">XVII. STURNINÆ. STARLINGS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XVII_STURNINAE">XVII. STURNINÆ. STARLINGS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">147</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -659,7 +640,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">148</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XVIII_CORVINAE">XVIII. CORVINÆ. CROWS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XVIII_CORVINAE">XVIII. CORVINÆ. CROWS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">149</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -683,7 +664,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">155</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XIX_LANIINAE">XIX. LANIINÆ. SHRIKES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XIX_LANIINAE">XIX. LANIINÆ. SHRIKES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">156</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -692,7 +673,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">157</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XX_VIREONINAE">XX. VIREONINÆ. GREENLETS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XX_VIREONINAE">XX. VIREONINÆ. GREENLETS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">159</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -701,7 +682,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">159</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXI_PIPRINAE">XXI. PIPRINÆ. MANAKINS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXI_PIPRINAE">XXI. PIPRINÆ. MANAKINS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">162</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -710,7 +691,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">163</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXII_AMPELINAE">XXII. AMPELINÆ. CHATTERERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXII_AMPELINAE">XXII. AMPELINÆ. CHATTERERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">163</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -719,7 +700,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">164</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXIII_SITTINAE">XXIII. SITTINÆ. NUTHATCHES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXIII_SITTINAE">XXIII. SITTINÆ. NUTHATCHES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">166</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -729,7 +710,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[x]</a></span> - <a href="#FAMILY_XXIV_TROCHILINAE">XXIV. TROCHILINÆ. HUMMINGBIRDS,</a></td> + <a href="#FAMILY_XXIV_TROCHILINAE">XXIV. TROCHILINÆ. HUMMINGBIRDS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">168</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -743,7 +724,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">171</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXV_ALCEDINAE">XXV. ALCEDINÆ. KINGFISHERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXV_ALCEDINAE">XXV. ALCEDINÆ. KINGFISHERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">172</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -752,7 +733,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">172</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXVI_PICINAE">XXVI. PICINÆ. WOODPECKERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXVI_PICINAE">XXVI. PICINÆ. WOODPECKERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">174</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -761,7 +742,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">175</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXVII_CUCULINAE">XXVII. CUCULINÆ. CUCKOOS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXVII_CUCULINAE">XXVII. CUCULINÆ. CUCKOOS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">186</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -770,7 +751,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">186</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXVIII_PSITTACINAE">XXVIII. PSITTACINÆ. PARROTS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXVIII_PSITTACINAE">XXVIII. PSITTACINÆ. PARROTS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">188</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -779,7 +760,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">188</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXIX_COLUMBINAE">XXIX. COLUMBINÆ. PIGEONS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXIX_COLUMBINAE">XXIX. COLUMBINÆ. PIGEONS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">189</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -789,7 +770,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">2.</td> - <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_II_STARNAENAS"><span class="smcap">Starnænas. Ground Dove</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_II_STARNAENAS"><span class="smcap">Starnænas. Ground Dove</span>,</a></td> <td class="tdr">193</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -798,7 +779,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">194</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXX_PAVONINAE">XXX. PAVONINÆ. PAVONINE BIRDS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXX_PAVONINAE">XXX. PAVONINÆ. PAVONINE BIRDS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">195</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -807,7 +788,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">196</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXI_PERDICINAE">XXXI. PERDICINÆ. PARTRIDGES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXI_PERDICINAE">XXXI. PERDICINÆ. PARTRIDGES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">198</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -816,7 +797,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">198</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXII_TETRAONINAE">XXXII. TETRAONINÆ. GROUSE,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXII_TETRAONINAE">XXXII. TETRAONINÆ. GROUSE,</a></td> <td class="tdr">201</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -830,7 +811,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">206</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXIII_RALLINAE">XXXIII. RALLINÆ. RAILS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXIII_RALLINAE">XXXIII. RALLINÆ. RAILS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">209</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -859,7 +840,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">216</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXIV_GRUINAE">XXXIV. GRUINÆ. CRANES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXIV_GRUINAE">XXXIV. GRUINÆ. CRANES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">218</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -868,7 +849,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">218</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXV_CHARADRIINAE">XXXV. CHARADRIINÆ. PLOVERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXV_CHARADRIINAE">XXXV. CHARADRIINÆ. PLOVERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">219</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -889,11 +870,11 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">4.</td> - <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_IV_HAEMATOPUS"><span class="smcap">Hæmatopus. Oyster-catcher</span>,</a></td> + <td class="tdl"><a href="#GENUS_IV_HAEMATOPUS"><span class="smcap">Hæmatopus. Oyster-catcher</span>,</a></td> <td class="tdr">228</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXVI_SCOLOPACINAE">XXXVI. SCOLOPACINÆ. SNIPES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXVI_SCOLOPACINAE">XXXVI. SCOLOPACINÆ. SNIPES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">229</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -947,7 +928,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">253</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXVII_TANTALINAE">XXXVII. TANTALINÆ. IBISES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXVII_TANTALINAE">XXXVII. TANTALINÆ. IBISES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">256</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -966,7 +947,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">259</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXVIII_ARDEINAE">XXXVIII. ARDEINÆ. HERONS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXVIII_ARDEINAE">XXXVIII. ARDEINÆ. HERONS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">261</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -975,7 +956,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">261</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXIX_ANATINAE">XXXIX. ANATINÆ. DUCKS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XXXIX_ANATINAE">XXXIX. ANATINÆ. DUCKS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">267</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1004,7 +985,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">284</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XL_MERGINAE_MERGANSERS">XL. MERGINÆ. MERGANSERS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XL_MERGINAE_MERGANSERS">XL. MERGINÆ. MERGANSERS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">298</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1013,7 +994,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">297</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLI_PELECANINAE_PELICANS">XLI. PELECANINÆ. PELICANS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLI_PELECANINAE_PELICANS">XLI. PELECANINÆ. PELICANS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">300</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1047,7 +1028,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">312</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLII_LARINAE_GULLS">XLII. LARINÆ. GULLS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLII_LARINAE_GULLS">XLII. LARINÆ. GULLS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">313</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1067,7 +1048,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">322</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLIII_PROCELLARINAE_FULMARS">XLIII. PROCELLARINÆ. FULMARS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLIII_PROCELLARINAE_FULMARS">XLIII. PROCELLARINÆ. FULMARS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">330</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1096,7 +1077,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">339</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLIV_ALCINAE_AUKS">XLIV. ALCINÆ. AUKS,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLIV_ALCINAE_AUKS">XLIV. ALCINÆ. AUKS,</a></td> <td class="tdr">341</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1125,7 +1106,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> <td class="tdr">349</td> </tr> <tr> - <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLV_COLYMBINAE_DIVERS_AND">XLV. COLYMBINÆ. DIVERS AND GREBES,</a></td> + <td colspan="2"><a href="#FAMILY_XLV_COLYMBINAE_DIVERS_AND">XLV. COLYMBINÆ. DIVERS AND GREBES,</a></td> <td class="tdr">351</td> </tr> <tr> @@ -1149,7 +1130,7 @@ J. J. AUDUBON.<br /> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_I_VULTURINAE" id="FAMILY_I_VULTURINAE"></a>FAMILY I. VULTURINÆ. VULTURINE BIRDS, +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_I_VULTURINAE" id="FAMILY_I_VULTURINAE"></a>FAMILY I. VULTURINÆ. VULTURINE BIRDS, <span class="smcap">OR</span> VULTURES.</p> @@ -1187,7 +1168,7 @@ angle long and rather narrow, the dorsal line ascending and slightly convex, the back broad, the edges sharp, towards the end decurved. Nostrils oblong, large, pervious. Head oblong. Tongue deeply concave or induplicate, its -edges serrate with reversed papillæ. Œsophagus dilated +edges serrate with reversed papillæ. Œsophagus dilated into an enormous crop; stomach moderately muscular; duodenum convoluted. Head and upper part of neck denuded, being only sparingly covered with very short down. @@ -1298,7 +1279,7 @@ River. Resident.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_II_FALCONINAE" id="FAMILY_II_FALCONINAE"></a>FAMILY II. FALCONINÆ. FALCONINE BIRDS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_II_FALCONINAE" id="FAMILY_II_FALCONINAE"></a>FAMILY II. FALCONINÆ. FALCONINE BIRDS.</p> <p>Bill short, stout, cerate; upper mandible with the tip elongated @@ -1354,7 +1335,7 @@ with reddish-white and brown. Young with the upper part of the head brown, streaked with dusky, the hind neck and part of the breast pale yellowish-red longitudinally variegated with brown; the middle of the back, scapulars, wing-coverts and secondaries dark brown, as -are the hind part of the breast and the tibiæ; the tail nearly as in the +are the hind part of the breast and the tibiæ; the tail nearly as in the adult.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 23<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>, 48.</p> @@ -1461,7 +1442,7 @@ sides of the breast. Young with the upper parts brown, streaked with yellowish-red, the tail-coverts yellowish-white barred with brown, the tail light greyish-brown, barred with dark brown and tipped with white; lower parts yellowish-white, with oblong longitudinal brown -spots; the feathers of the sides and tibiæ barred with the same.</p> +spots; the feathers of the sides and tibiæ barred with the same.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 20<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>, 46. <i>Female</i>, 24.</p> @@ -1926,7 +1907,7 @@ the tip rather broad and obliquely truncate. Nostrils round, lateral, with a central papilla. Head rather large, roundish, broad, flattened; neck short, body compact. Legs rather short; tarsus stout, covered anteriorly with scutella; -toes scutellate above, scabrous beneath, with pointed papillæ; +toes scutellate above, scabrous beneath, with pointed papillæ; claws rather long, curved, acuminate, flattened beneath. Plumage rather compact. Wings very long, the third quill longest. Tail long, emarginate.</p> @@ -1977,7 +1958,7 @@ angle very wide, the dorsal line straightish, the tip rounded and declinate. Nostrils round, with a central papilla. Head rather large, roundish, flattened; neck short; body compact. Feet short; tarsus very short, thick, scaly all round; toes -scutellate above, scabrous beneath, with pointed papillæ; +scutellate above, scabrous beneath, with pointed papillæ; claws rather long, curved, acuminate. Plumage blended, glossy. Wings extremely long, pointed, the third quill longest; secondaries short. Tail extremely long, very deeply @@ -2119,7 +2100,7 @@ upper parts brownish-grey, the feathers margined and spotted with pale red, throat white, lower parts pale red, streaked with brown. The tail-bands vary from pale red to white.</p> -<p>This species is so nearly allied to <i>Falco Æsalon</i>, that it is extremely +<p>This species is so nearly allied to <i>Falco Æsalon</i>, that it is extremely difficult to distinguish many individuals. The number and form of the scutella differ; but the most certain distinctive character is found in the light-coloured bands of the tail, which are more numerous in @@ -2144,7 +2125,7 @@ Abundant. Migratory.</p> <p>Falco columbarius, Pigeon Hawk, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 35.</p> -<p>Falco Æsalon, Merlin, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 37.</p> +<p>Falco Æsalon, Merlin, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 37.</p> <p>Pigeon Hawk, Falco columbarius, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 466; Young, v. i. p. 381, Male; v. v. p. 368.</p> @@ -2373,7 +2354,7 @@ F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 55.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_III_STRIGINAE" id="FAMILY_III_STRIGINAE"></a>FAMILY III. STRIGINÆ. OWLS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_III_STRIGINAE" id="FAMILY_III_STRIGINAE"></a>FAMILY III. STRIGINÆ. OWLS.</p> <p>Bill very short, strong, cerate; upper mandible with the @@ -3010,7 +2991,7 @@ feathers pale yellowish-red.</p> <p>From Texas eastward. Columbia River. Resident. Abundant.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Mottled Owl, Strix nævia, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iii. p. 16. Adult.</p> +<p>Mottled Owl, Strix nævia, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iii. p. 16. Adult.</p> <p>Red Owl, Strix Asio, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. v. p. 83. Young.</p> @@ -3022,7 +3003,7 @@ feathers pale yellowish-red.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VI_CAPRIMULGINAE" id="FAMILY_VI_CAPRIMULGINAE"></a>FAMILY VI CAPRIMULGINÆ. GOATSUCKERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VI_CAPRIMULGINAE" id="FAMILY_VI_CAPRIMULGINAE"></a>FAMILY VI CAPRIMULGINÆ. GOATSUCKERS.</p> <p>Mouth opening to beneath the centre of the eyes; bill @@ -3040,7 +3021,7 @@ longest. Tail long, of ten feathers. Œsophagus rather wide, without crop; stomach very large, roundish, its muscular coat very thin, and composed of a single series of strong fasciculi; epithelium very hard, with longitudinal -rugæ; intestine short and wide; cœca large, oblong, narrow +rugæ; intestine short and wide; cœca large, oblong, narrow at the base; cloaca globular. Trachea of nearly uniform width, without inferior laryngeal muscles. Nest on the ground, or in hollow trees. Eggs generally two. Young @@ -3191,7 +3172,7 @@ Migratory. Very abundant.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_V_CYPSELINAE" id="FAMILY_V_CYPSELINAE"></a>FAMILY V. CYPSELINÆ. SWIFTS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_V_CYPSELINAE" id="FAMILY_V_CYPSELINAE"></a>FAMILY V. CYPSELINÆ. SWIFTS.</p> <p>Mouth opening to beneath the hind part of the eyes; @@ -3215,7 +3196,7 @@ white.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_I_CHAETURA" id="GENUS_I_CHAETURA"></a>GENUS I. CHÆTURA, <span class="smcap">Stephens</span>. SPINE-TAIL.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_I_CHAETURA" id="GENUS_I_CHAETURA"></a>GENUS I. CHÆTURA, <span class="smcap">Stephens</span>. SPINE-TAIL.</p> <p>All the characters as above. Tarsus bare, longer than @@ -3224,7 +3205,7 @@ short, even, the shafts very strong, and prolonged into acuminate points.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">44. 1. Chætura pelasgia, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> American Spine-tail.—Chimney +<p class="caption3nc">44. 1. Chætura pelasgia, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> American Spine-tail.—Chimney Swallow. American Swift.</p> <p>Brownish-black, lighter on the rump, with a slight greenish gloss @@ -3252,7 +3233,7 @@ p. 329; v. v. p. 419.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VI_HIRUNDINAE" id="FAMILY_VI_HIRUNDINAE"></a>FAMILY VI. HIRUNDINÆ. SWALLOWS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VI_HIRUNDINAE" id="FAMILY_VI_HIRUNDINAE"></a>FAMILY VI. HIRUNDINÆ. SWALLOWS.</p> <p>Bill very short, much depressed and very broad at the @@ -3481,7 +3462,7 @@ filaments are felt like the edge of a fine saw.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VII_MUSCICAPINAE" id="FAMILY_VII_MUSCICAPINAE"></a>FAMILY VII. MUSCICAPINÆ. FLYCATCHERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VII_MUSCICAPINAE" id="FAMILY_VII_MUSCICAPINAE"></a>FAMILY VII. MUSCICAPINÆ. FLYCATCHERS.</p> <p>Bill depressed, triangular, compressed at the end, upper @@ -3587,7 +3568,7 @@ white before, rose-coloured behind.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_II_MUSCICAPA" id="GENUS_II_MUSCICAPA"></a>GENUS II. MUSCICAPA, <span class="smcap">Linnæus</span>. FLYCATCHER.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_II_MUSCICAPA" id="GENUS_II_MUSCICAPA"></a>GENUS II. MUSCICAPA, <span class="smcap">Linnæus</span>. FLYCATCHER.</p> <p>Bill moderate, or rather long, stout, straight, broad at the @@ -4181,7 +4162,7 @@ but with the tints duller, and the black band on the head wanting.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VIII_SYLVICOLINAE" id="FAMILY_VIII_SYLVICOLINAE"></a>FAMILY VIII. SYLVICOLINÆ. WOOD-WARBLERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_VIII_SYLVICOLINAE" id="FAMILY_VIII_SYLVICOLINAE"></a>FAMILY VIII. SYLVICOLINÆ. WOOD-WARBLERS.</p> <p>Bill short, or of moderate length, rather slender, somewhat @@ -4234,7 +4215,7 @@ extremely compressed, well arched, very acute. Bristles at the base of the bill elongated but slender. Wings of moderate length, the second and third quills longest, the first scarcely shorter than the fourth. Tail moderate, slightly -rounded. Name from [Greek: Myia], an insect, [Greek: Diôchtês], a pursuer.</p> +rounded. Name from [Greek: Myia], an insect, [Greek: Diôchtês], a pursuer.</p> <p class="caption3nc">71. 1. Myiodioctes mitratus, <span class="smcap">Lath.</span> Hooded Flycatching-Warbler.—Hooded @@ -4850,7 +4831,7 @@ Migratory.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">87. 12. Sylvicola Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Lath.</span> Blackburnian Wood-Warbler.—Blackburnian +<p class="caption3nc">87. 12. Sylvicola Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Lath.</span> Blackburnian Wood-Warbler.—Blackburnian Warbler.</p> <blockquote> @@ -4881,18 +4862,18 @@ strongly streaked than black.</p> <p>From Texas northward. Rather rare. Migratory.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Blackburnian Warbler, Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iii. p. 67.</p> +<p>Blackburnian Warbler, Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iii. p. 67.</p> -<p>Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 80.</p> +<p>Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 80.</p> -<p>Blackburnian Warbler, Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 379.</p> +<p>Blackburnian Warbler, Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 379.</p> -<p>Blackburnian Warbler, Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. ii. p. 208; v. v. +<p>Blackburnian Warbler, Sylvia Blackburniæ, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. ii. p. 208; v. v. p. 78.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">88. 13. Sylvicola æstiva, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Yellow-Poll Warbler.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">88. 13. Sylvicola æstiva, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Yellow-Poll Warbler.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate XCV.</span> Male. <span class="smcap">Plate XXXV.</span> Young Male and Female.</p> @@ -4920,9 +4901,9 @@ Migratory.</p> <blockquote> <p>Blue-eyed Warbler, Sylvia citrinella, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. ii. p. 111.</p> -<p>Sylvia æstiva, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 83.</p> +<p>Sylvia æstiva, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 83.</p> -<p>Yellow-poll Warbler, Sylvia æstiva, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 476. Adult Male.</p> +<p>Yellow-poll Warbler, Sylvia æstiva, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 476. Adult Male.</p> <p>Children's Warbler, Sylvia Childrenii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 180. Young.</p> </blockquote> @@ -5017,7 +4998,7 @@ paler; the loral band wanting; throat, fore neck, and breast yellow, without the black lunule.</p> <p>Although the bill of this species is much attenuated, it is not essentially -different in form from that of S. Blackburniæ, and others of this +different in form from that of S. Blackburniæ, and others of this genus; the wings are similar to those of the rest, and there seems no reason for setting it apart to form a genus, as has been done by Bonaparte.</p> @@ -5306,10 +5287,10 @@ band across the breast tinged with brown.</p> having the long pointed wings of the former, and the general appearance of the latter, which it resembles, especially in its tail, which is neither emarginate, nor marked with the white spots seen on that of -almost all the other Sylvicolæ, but which do not exist in the genus -Trichas. Some of the Sylvicolæ are, in like manner, assimilated to +almost all the other Sylvicolæ, but which do not exist in the genus +Trichas. Some of the Sylvicolæ are, in like manner, assimilated to Myiodoctes, and others to Vermivora. Of the former may be mentioned, -<i>Sylvicola Auduboni</i> and <i>S. coronata</i>; of the latter, <i>S. Blackburniæ</i>.</p> +<i>Sylvicola Auduboni</i> and <i>S. coronata</i>; of the latter, <i>S. Blackburniæ</i>.</p> @@ -5478,7 +5459,7 @@ grooved, extremely acute, plumage soft and blended. Bristles obsolete. Wings rather long, somewhat pointed, the outer three nearly equal, the second longest. Tail of moderate length, nearly even.—Name from [Greek: Helos], a swamp, -and [Greek: Naiô], to inhabit.</p> +and [Greek: Naiô], to inhabit.</p> <p class="caption3nc">104. 1. Helinaia Swainsonii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Swainson's Swamp-Warbler.</p> @@ -5723,8 +5704,8 @@ yellow; quills and tail-feathers greyish-brown, edged with yellowish-green. Female similar, with the orange on the crown duller. Young with the lower parts paler, and without red on the head.</p> -<p>This species and the next seem to form the transition from the Sylvicolinæ -to the Reguli, as <i>Mniotilta varia</i> does to the Certhiæ.</p> +<p>This species and the next seem to form the transition from the Sylvicolinæ +to the Reguli, as <i>Mniotilta varia</i> does to the Certhiæ.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p> @@ -5800,7 +5781,7 @@ very soft and blended. Bristles obsolete. Wings long, with the second and third quills longest and about equal, the first slightly shorter, and exceeding the fourth. Tail of moderate length, nearly even. This genus connects the -Sylvicolinæ with the Certhianæ.</p> +Sylvicolinæ with the Certhianæ.</p> <p class="caption3nc">114. 1. Mniotilta varia, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Black-and-white Creeping @@ -5834,7 +5815,7 @@ light brownish-grey above, paler beneath, with the abdomen white.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_IX_CERTHIANAE" id="FAMILY_IX_CERTHIANAE"></a>FAMILY IX. CERTHIANÆ. CREEPERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_IX_CERTHIANAE" id="FAMILY_IX_CERTHIANAE"></a>FAMILY IX. CERTHIANÆ. CREEPERS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length or rather long, slender, slightly @@ -6073,7 +6054,7 @@ in South Carolina. Not very rare.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">120. 5. Troglodytes ædon, <span class="smcap">Vieill.</span> House-Wren.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">120. 5. Troglodytes ædon, <span class="smcap">Vieill.</span> House-Wren.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate LXXXIII.</span> Male, Female, and Young.</p> @@ -6101,13 +6082,13 @@ River. Very abundant. Migratory.</p> <blockquote> <p>House Wren, Sylvia domestica, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 129.</p> -<p>Troglodytes ædon, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 92.</p> +<p>Troglodytes ædon, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 92.</p> <p>House Wren, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 422.</p> -<p>Troglodytes ædon, House Wren, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 316.</p> +<p>Troglodytes ædon, House Wren, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 316.</p> -<p>House Wren, Troglodytes ædon, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 427; v. v. p. 470.</p> +<p>House Wren, Troglodytes ædon, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 427; v. v. p. 470.</p> </blockquote> @@ -6130,7 +6111,7 @@ coverts, and first small coverts, each with a white spot at the tip, forming two inconspicuous bands; wing-coverts and quills banded with blackish-brown and brownish-red; tail with twelve dusky bands.</p> -<p>This species is very nearly allied to <i>Troglodytes Europæus</i>.</p> +<p>This species is very nearly allied to <i>Troglodytes Europæus</i>.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 3<sup>7</sup>/<sub>8</sub>, 6<sup>1½</sup>/<sub>12</sub>. <i>Female</i>, 3<sup>5</sup>/<sub>8</sub>, 5<sup>3</sup>/<sub>8</sub>.</p> @@ -6141,7 +6122,7 @@ River.</p> <blockquote> <p>Winter-Wren, Sylvia Troglodytes, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 139.</p> -<p>Troglodytes europæus, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 93.</p> +<p>Troglodytes europæus, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 93.</p> <p>Troglodytes hyemalis, Winter Wren, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 318.</p> @@ -6240,7 +6221,7 @@ p. 427; v. v. p. 469.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_X_PARINAE" id="FAMILY_X_PARINAE"></a>FAMILY X. PARINÆ. TITS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_X_PARINAE" id="FAMILY_X_PARINAE"></a>FAMILY X. PARINÆ. TITS.</p> <p>Bill very short or of moderate length, straight, strong, @@ -6332,7 +6313,7 @@ yellowish-red, the breast white.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 5<sup>1</sup>/<sub>8</sub>, 8<sup>1</sup>/<sub>4</sub>.</p> -<p>From Maryland eastward and northward to Lat. 65°. In Kentucky +<p>From Maryland eastward and northward to Lat. 65°. In Kentucky during winter. Never in the southern parts.</p> <blockquote> @@ -6445,7 +6426,7 @@ v. vii. p. 190.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XI_SYLVIANAE" id="FAMILY_XI_SYLVIANAE"></a>FAMILY XI. SYLVIANÆ. WARBLERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XI_SYLVIANAE" id="FAMILY_XI_SYLVIANAE"></a>FAMILY XI. SYLVIANÆ. WARBLERS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, slender, straight, a little broader @@ -6715,7 +6696,7 @@ p. 209.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XII_TURDINAE" id="FAMILY_XII_TURDINAE"></a>FAMILY XII. TURDINÆ. THRUSHES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XII_TURDINAE" id="FAMILY_XII_TURDINAE"></a>FAMILY XII. TURDINÆ. THRUSHES.</p> <p>Bill short, or of moderate length, rather strong, straight, @@ -7001,7 +6982,7 @@ p. 190; v. v. p. 442.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">143. 2. Turdus nævius, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Varied Thrush.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">143. 2. Turdus nævius, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Varied Thrush.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCCLXIX.</span> Fig. 2, 3. Male. <span class="smcap">Plate CCCCXXXIII</span>. Fig. 6. Female.</p> @@ -7038,7 +7019,7 @@ Migratory.</p> <p>Orpheus meruloides, Thrush-like Mock-Bird, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 187.</p> -<p>Varied Thrush, Turdus nævius, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 489; v. v. p. 284.</p> +<p>Varied Thrush, Turdus nævius, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. iv. p. 489; v. v. p. 284.</p> </blockquote> @@ -7175,7 +7156,7 @@ otherwise than as distinct.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XIII_MOTACILLINAE" id="FAMILY_XIII_MOTACILLINAE"></a>FAMILY XIII. MOTACILLINÆ. WAGTAILS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XIII_MOTACILLINAE" id="FAMILY_XIII_MOTACILLINAE"></a>FAMILY XIII. MOTACILLINÆ. WAGTAILS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, straight, slender, a little broader @@ -7197,8 +7178,8 @@ roundish, with large tendons, and thin rugous epithelium; intestine of moderate length; cœca very small. Trachea simple, with four pairs of inferior laryngeal muscles.</p> -<p>This family is connected with the Turdinæ by <i>Seiurus</i>, -and with the Alandinæ by <i>Anthus</i>, which are the only two +<p>This family is connected with the Turdinæ by <i>Seiurus</i>, +and with the Alandinæ by <i>Anthus</i>, which are the only two American genera.</p> @@ -7257,7 +7238,7 @@ p. 447.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">149. 2. Seiurus Novæboracensis, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Aquatic Wood-Wagtail.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">149. 2. Seiurus Novæboracensis, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Aquatic Wood-Wagtail.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate XIX.</span> <span class="smcap">Plate CCCCXXXIII.</span> Fig. 7.</p> @@ -7282,11 +7263,11 @@ summer migrates as far as the Fur Countries. Not Abundant.</p> <blockquote> <p>Water Thrush, Turdus aquaticus, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iii. p. 66.</p> -<p>Sylvia novæboracensis, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 77.</p> +<p>Sylvia novæboracensis, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 77.</p> <p>Seiurus aquaticus, Aquatic Accentor, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 229.</p> -<p>New York or Aquatic Thrush, Turdus novæboracensis, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 353.</p> +<p>New York or Aquatic Thrush, Turdus novæboracensis, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 353.</p> <p>Louisiana Water Thrush, Turdus ludovicianus, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 99.</p> @@ -7370,7 +7351,7 @@ that any ornithologist should have mistaken it for that species.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XIV_ALAUDINAE" id="FAMILY_XIV_ALAUDINAE"></a>FAMILY XIV. ALAUDINÆ. LARKS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XIV_ALAUDINAE" id="FAMILY_XIV_ALAUDINAE"></a>FAMILY XIV. ALAUDINÆ. LARKS.</p> <p>Bill rather short, or of moderate length, somewhat conical, @@ -7463,7 +7444,7 @@ p. 245.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XV_FRINGILLINAE" id="FAMILY_XV_FRINGILLINAE"></a>FAMILY XV. FRINGILLINÆ. FINCHES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XV_FRINGILLINAE" id="FAMILY_XV_FRINGILLINAE"></a>FAMILY XV. FRINGILLINÆ. FINCHES.</p> <p>Bill short, stout, conical, acute; upper mandible generally @@ -7488,11 +7469,11 @@ stomach roundish or oblong, muscular, with the epithelium thin, dense, and longitudinally rugous; intestine short, rather <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span> wide; cœca very small, cylindrical. Trachea simple, with -four pairs of inferior laryngeal muscles. The Fringillinæ -pass into the Icterinæ on the one hand, and the Alaudinæ on +four pairs of inferior laryngeal muscles. The Fringillinæ +pass into the Icterinæ on the one hand, and the Alaudinæ on the other. The Buntings scarcely differ from the Finches in any other character than the knob on the palate, which is -common to them with the Icterinæ.</p> +common to them with the Icterinæ.</p> @@ -8064,7 +8045,7 @@ Migratory.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_III_NIPHAEA" id="GENUS_III_NIPHAEA"></a>GENUS III. NIPHÆA, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> SNOW-BIRD.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_III_NIPHAEA" id="GENUS_III_NIPHAEA"></a>GENUS III. NIPHÆA, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> SNOW-BIRD.</p> <p>Bill short, rather small, conical, acute; upper mandible @@ -8089,7 +8070,7 @@ rather small, roundish, muscular; intestine rather short; cœca very small. Name from [Greek: Niphos], snow.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">167. 1. Niphæa hyemalis, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Common Snow-Bird.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">167. 1. Niphæa hyemalis, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Common Snow-Bird.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate XIII.</span> Male and Female.</p> @@ -8123,7 +8104,7 @@ abundant.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">168. 2. Niphæa Oregona, <span class="smcap">Towns.</span> Oregon Snow-Bird.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">168. 2. Niphæa Oregona, <span class="smcap">Towns.</span> Oregon Snow-Bird.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCCXCVIII.</span> Fig. 3. Male. Fig. 4. Female.</p> @@ -8446,7 +8427,7 @@ summer to the Missouri westward, and to Labrador eastward. Abundant.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_VI_PEUCAEA" id="GENUS_VI_PEUCAEA"></a>GENUS VI. PEUCÆA, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> PINEWOOD-FINCH.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_VI_PEUCAEA" id="GENUS_VI_PEUCAEA"></a>GENUS VI. PEUCÆA, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> PINEWOOD-FINCH.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, rather stout, straight, considerably @@ -8466,10 +8447,10 @@ fine point. Plumage very soft, blended. Wings very short, convex, rounded, the third and fourth quills longest, the first and seventh about equal. Tail rather long, graduated, of twelve narrow rounded feathers. No difference in the -colours of the sexes. Name from [Greek: Peuchê], a pine.</p> +colours of the sexes. Name from [Greek: Peuchê], a pine.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">176. 1. Peucæa Bachmanii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Bachman's Pinewood-Finch.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">176. 1. Peucæa Bachmanii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Bachman's Pinewood-Finch.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CLXV.</span> Male.</p> @@ -8494,7 +8475,7 @@ with brown.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">177. 2. Peucæa Lincolnii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Lincoln's Pinewood-Finch.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">177. 2. Peucæa Lincolnii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Lincoln's Pinewood-Finch.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CXCIII.</span> Male and Female.</p> @@ -9917,7 +9898,7 @@ cœca extremely small. Inferior laryngeal muscles four on each side, but very small.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">208. 1. Pyranga æstiva, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Summer Red-bird.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">208. 1. Pyranga æstiva, <span class="smcap">Gmel.</span> Summer Red-bird.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate XLIV.</span> Male and Female.</p> @@ -9934,13 +9915,13 @@ but duller.</p> Migratory.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Summer Red Bird, Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 95.</p> +<p>Summer Red Bird, Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. i. p. 95.</p> -<p>Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 105.</p> +<p>Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 105.</p> -<p>Summer Red Bird, Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 469.</p> +<p>Summer Red Bird, Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. i. p. 469.</p> -<p>Summer Red Bird, Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 232; v. v. p. 518.</p> +<p>Summer Red Bird, Tanagra æstiva, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. i. p. 232; v. v. p. 518.</p> </blockquote> @@ -10009,7 +9990,7 @@ two bands on the wings, the anterior pale yellow, the other whitish.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XVI_AGELAINAE" id="FAMILY_XVI_AGELAINAE"></a>FAMILY XVI. AGELAINÆ. MARSH-BLACKBIRDS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XVI_AGELAINAE" id="FAMILY_XVI_AGELAINAE"></a>FAMILY XVI. AGELAINÆ. MARSH-BLACKBIRDS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, sometimes short, seldom longer @@ -10134,7 +10115,7 @@ series of dark brown pointed spots.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 7, 11<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>.</p> -<p>Dispersed from Texas northward to Lat. 68°, and throughout the +<p>Dispersed from Texas northward to Lat. 68°, and throughout the United States. Great numbers winter in the Southern States.</p> <blockquote> @@ -10298,7 +10279,7 @@ the Saskatchewan. Vast numbers spend the winter in the Southern and Western States.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Red-winged Starling, Sturnus prædatorius, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iv. p. 30.</p> +<p>Red-winged Starling, Sturnus prædatorius, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. iv. p. 30.</p> <p>Icterus phœniceus, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 52.</p> @@ -10622,7 +10603,7 @@ v. ii. p. 286.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XVII_STURNINAE" id="FAMILY_XVII_STURNINAE"></a>FAMILY XVII. STURNINÆ. STARLINGS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XVII_STURNINAE" id="FAMILY_XVII_STURNINAE"></a>FAMILY XVII. STURNINÆ. STARLINGS.</p> <p>Bill nearly as long as the head, moderately stout, or rather @@ -10720,7 +10701,7 @@ p. 282.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XVIII_CORVINAE" id="FAMILY_XVIII_CORVINAE"></a>FAMILY XVIII. CORVINÆ. CROWS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XVIII_CORVINAE" id="FAMILY_XVIII_CORVINAE"></a>FAMILY XVIII. CORVINÆ. CROWS.</p> <p>Bill about the length of the head, robust, nearly straight, @@ -10823,7 +10804,7 @@ purple reflections much less brilliant.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 18, 38.</p> <p>Generally distributed from the Gulf of Mexico to Columbia River; -throughout the interior, and along the coast, northward to Lat. 55°. +throughout the interior, and along the coast, northward to Lat. 55°. Congregates in immense numbers in the Southern and Western States during winter.</p> @@ -11211,7 +11192,7 @@ the greater part of the inner webs of the next pair, which are bluish-black.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XIX_LANIINAE" id="FAMILY_XIX_LANIINAE"></a>FAMILY XIX. LANIINÆ. SHRIKES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XIX_LANIINAE" id="FAMILY_XIX_LANIINAE"></a>FAMILY XIX. LANIINÆ. SHRIKES.</p> <p>Bill short, or of moderate length, stout, broader than @@ -11351,7 +11332,7 @@ p. 115.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XX_VIREONINAE" id="FAMILY_XX_VIREONINAE"></a>FAMILY XX. VIREONINÆ. GREENLETS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XX_VIREONINAE" id="FAMILY_XX_VIREONINAE"></a>FAMILY XX. VIREONINÆ. GREENLETS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, straight, rather stout, compressed @@ -11579,7 +11560,7 @@ in the Fur Countries. Abundant. Migratory.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXI_PIPRINAE" id="FAMILY_XXI_PIPRINAE"></a>FAMILY XXI. PIPRINÆ. MANAKINS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXI_PIPRINAE" id="FAMILY_XXI_PIPRINAE"></a>FAMILY XXI. PIPRINÆ. MANAKINS.</p> <p>Bill short, stout, straight, depressed, being much broader @@ -11655,7 +11636,7 @@ Migratory.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXII_AMPELINAE" id="FAMILY_XXII_AMPELINAE"></a>FAMILY XXII. AMPELINÆ. CHATTERERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXII_AMPELINAE" id="FAMILY_XXII_AMPELINAE"></a>FAMILY XXII. AMPELINÆ. CHATTERERS.</p> <p>Bill short, depressed, rather weak, triangular when @@ -11795,7 +11776,7 @@ Columbia River. Extremely abundant in Louisiana during winter.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXIII_SITTINAE" id="FAMILY_XXIII_SITTINAE"></a>FAMILY XXIII. SITTINÆ. NUTHATCHES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXIII_SITTINAE" id="FAMILY_XXIII_SITTINAE"></a>FAMILY XXIII. SITTINÆ. NUTHATCHES.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length or rather long, straight, rather @@ -11935,7 +11916,7 @@ Resident.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">250. 4. Sitta pygmæa, <span class="smcap">Vigors</span>. Californian Nuthatch.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">250. 4. Sitta pygmæa, <span class="smcap">Vigors</span>. Californian Nuthatch.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCCCXV.</span> Figs. 3, 4. Adult.</p> @@ -11951,13 +11932,13 @@ base; lower parts brownish-white.</p> <p>California.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Californian Nuthatch, Sitta pygmæa, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 163.</p> +<p>Californian Nuthatch, Sitta pygmæa, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 163.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXIV_TROCHILINAE" id="FAMILY_XXIV_TROCHILINAE"></a>FAMILY XXIV. TROCHILINÆ. HUMMINGBIRDS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXIV_TROCHILINAE" id="FAMILY_XXIV_TROCHILINAE"></a>FAMILY XXIV. TROCHILINÆ. HUMMINGBIRDS.</p> <p>Bill long, very slender, straight or arched, somewhat depressed @@ -12083,7 +12064,7 @@ tipped with white, the upper parts light green.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 3<sup>1</sup>/<sub>4</sub>, 4<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>.</p> -<p>In summer, from Texas to Lat. 57°, and in all intermediate districts, +<p>In summer, from Texas to Lat. 57°, and in all intermediate districts, east of the Rocky Mountains. Common. Migratory.</p> <blockquote> @@ -12163,7 +12144,7 @@ Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. p. 324.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXV_ALCEDINAE" id="FAMILY_XXV_ALCEDINAE"></a>FAMILY XXV. ALCEDINÆ. KINGFISHERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXV_ALCEDINAE" id="FAMILY_XXV_ALCEDINAE"></a>FAMILY XXV. ALCEDINÆ. KINGFISHERS.</p> <p>Bill long, straight, stout, broader than high at the base, @@ -12180,7 +12161,7 @@ of upper mandible moderately concave, with a median ridge and oblique lateral grooves. Œsophagus very wide, without crop; stomach very large, round, with its muscular coat very thin; the epithelium dense, very thin, with tortuous -rugæ; intestine very long, extremely slender; no cœca; +rugæ; intestine very long, extremely slender; no cœca; cloaca very large, globular. Trachea with three pairs of inferior laryngeal muscles.</p> @@ -12250,7 +12231,7 @@ Missouri, Rocky Mountains, and Columbia River. Common. Resident.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXVI_PICINAE" id="FAMILY_XXVI_PICINAE"></a>FAMILY XXVI. PICINÆ. WOODPECKERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXVI_PICINAE" id="FAMILY_XXVI_PICINAE"></a>FAMILY XXVI. PICINÆ. WOODPECKERS.</p> <p>Bill long or of moderate length, straight, stout, angulate, @@ -12514,7 +12495,7 @@ white.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">262. 7. Picus Martinæ, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Maria's Woodpecker.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">262. 7. Picus Martinæ, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Maria's Woodpecker.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCCCXVII.</span> Fig. 1. Male. Fig. 2. Female.</p> @@ -12545,7 +12526,7 @@ a little red, the sides faintly mottled with dusky grey.</p> <p>A pair found at Toronto, Upper Canada.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Maria's Woodpecker, Picus Martinæ, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 181.</p> +<p>Maria's Woodpecker, Picus Martinæ, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 181.</p> </blockquote> @@ -12655,7 +12636,7 @@ two middle, which are black. Female without red.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 6<sup>3</sup>/<sub>4</sub>, 12.</p> -<p>Breeds from Texas to Labrador, and northward to Lat. 58°. Common +<p>Breeds from Texas to Labrador, and northward to Lat. 58°. Common throughout the interior to the eastern bases of the Rocky Mountains. In every district, a constant resident.</p> @@ -13082,7 +13063,7 @@ v. ii. p. 315.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXVII_CUCULINAE" id="FAMILY_XXVII_CUCULINAE"></a>FAMILY XXVII. CUCULINÆ. CUCKOOS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXVII_CUCULINAE" id="FAMILY_XXVII_CUCULINAE"></a>FAMILY XXVII. CUCULINÆ. CUCKOOS.</p> <p>Bill long or of moderate length, broader than high at the @@ -13224,7 +13205,7 @@ tipped with white, that colour gradually enlarging to the outer.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXVIII_PSITTACINAE" id="FAMILY_XXVIII_PSITTACINAE"></a>FAMILY XXVIII. PSITTACINÆ. PARROTS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXVIII_PSITTACINAE" id="FAMILY_XXVIII_PSITTACINAE"></a>FAMILY XXVIII. PSITTACINÆ. PARROTS.</p> <p>Bill short, bulging, very strong, deeper than broad, convex @@ -13297,7 +13278,7 @@ Mississippi to Kentucky. Abundant. Resident.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXIX_COLUMBINAE" id="FAMILY_XXIX_COLUMBINAE"></a>FAMILY XXIX. COLUMBINÆ. PIGEONS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXIX_COLUMBINAE" id="FAMILY_XXIX_COLUMBINAE"></a>FAMILY XXIX. COLUMBINÆ. PIGEONS.</p> <p>Bill short, soft for half its length, horny toward the end; @@ -13321,7 +13302,7 @@ very wide, enlarged into an enormous crop; stomach a very large and strong gizzard, placed obliquely, its lateral muscles exceedingly thick, the lower prominent, the tendons very large, the epithelium dense, with longitudinal broad -rugæ, and two opposite grinding surfaces; intestine long, of +rugæ, and two opposite grinding surfaces; intestine long, of moderate width; cœca very small; cloaca oblong. Trachea simple, flattened, with a single pair of inferior laryngeal muscles. Nest flat, rudely constructed. Eggs two, elliptical, @@ -13524,7 +13505,7 @@ Resident.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_II_STARNAENAS" id="GENUS_II_STARNAENAS"></a>GENUS II. STARNÆNAS, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> GROUND-DOVE.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_II_STARNAENAS" id="GENUS_II_STARNAENAS"></a>GENUS II. STARNÆNAS, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> GROUND-DOVE.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, slender, compressed toward the @@ -13542,7 +13523,7 @@ of twelve broad, rounded feathers. Tongue and digestive organs as in the preceding genus.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">287. 1. Starnænas cyanocephala, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Blue-headed Ground-Dove.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">287. 1. Starnænas cyanocephala, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Blue-headed Ground-Dove.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CLXXII.</span> Male and Female.</p> @@ -13674,7 +13655,7 @@ p. 555.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXX_PAVONINAE" id="FAMILY_XXX_PAVONINAE"></a>FAMILY XXX. PAVONINÆ. PAVONINE BIRDS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXX_PAVONINAE" id="FAMILY_XXX_PAVONINAE"></a>FAMILY XXX. PAVONINÆ. PAVONINE BIRDS.</p> <p>Bill rather short, moderately stout, broader than high at @@ -13787,7 +13768,7 @@ of food.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXI_PERDICINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXI_PERDICINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXI. PERDICINÆ. PARTRIDGES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXI_PERDICINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXI_PERDICINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXI. PERDICINÆ. PARTRIDGES.</p> <p>Bill very short, stout, broader than high at the base, with @@ -13969,7 +13950,7 @@ lower parts dark brown, copiously marked with roundish white spots.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXII_TETRAONINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXII_TETRAONINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXII. TETRAONINÆ. GROUSE.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXII_TETRAONINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXII_TETRAONINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXII. TETRAONINÆ. GROUSE.</p> <p>Bill short, stout, with the upper mandible convex, thin @@ -14286,7 +14267,7 @@ Female smaller, but similar to the male, with the tints duller.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 17<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>, 23.</p> -<p>Missouri, Lat. 41°, to Slave Lake, Lat. 61°. Rocky Mountains. Abundant +<p>Missouri, Lat. 41°, to Slave Lake, Lat. 61°. Rocky Mountains. Abundant on the Saskatchewan Plains. Accidental in the northern parts of Illinois. Resident.</p> @@ -14478,7 +14459,7 @@ v. ii, p. 356.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXIII_RALLINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXIII_RALLINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXIII. RALLINÆ. RAILS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXIII_RALLINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXIII_RALLINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXIII. RALLINÆ. RAILS.</p> <p>Bill moderately stout, or slender, short or elongated, compressed, @@ -14569,7 +14550,7 @@ common in Louisiana and Florida.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[211]</a></span></p> -<p>Frontal plate, eyes, ring on tibiæ, and bill carmine, the latter tipped +<p>Frontal plate, eyes, ring on tibiæ, and bill carmine, the latter tipped with yellow; head, neck, and lower parts, greyish-black; abdomen greyish-yellow; lower tail-coverts and some streaks on the sides, with the edge of the wing, and the outer web of the first quill white; upper @@ -14993,7 +14974,7 @@ resident, but rather rare. Accidental on the Florida Keys.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXIV_GRUINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXIV_GRUINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXIV. GRUINÆ. CRANES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXIV_GRUINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXIV_GRUINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXIV. GRUINÆ. CRANES.</p> <p>Bill about the length of the head, straight, depressed at @@ -15080,7 +15061,7 @@ Young.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXV_CHARADRIINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXV_CHARADRIINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXV. CHARADRIINÆ. PLOVERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXV_CHARADRIINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXV_CHARADRIINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXV. CHARADRIINÆ. PLOVERS.</p> <p>Bill short, straight, subcylindrical, obtusely pointed; upper @@ -15457,7 +15438,7 @@ Plumage full, soft, rather dense, on the neck and lower parts blended. Wings very long, narrow, and pointed; first primary longest, inner secondaries much elongated. Tail rather short, even, of twelve moderately broad feathers. -Name from [Greek: Aphros], foam; and [Greek: xaô], to live.</p> +Name from [Greek: Aphros], foam; and [Greek: xaô], to live.</p> <p class="caption3nc">323. 1. Aphriza Townsendii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Townsend's Surf-Bird.</p> @@ -15573,7 +15554,7 @@ Never in the interior.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_IV_HAEMATOPUS" id="GENUS_IV_HAEMATOPUS"></a>GENUS IV. HÆMATOPUS. OYSTER-CATCHER.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="GENUS_IV_HAEMATOPUS" id="GENUS_IV_HAEMATOPUS"></a>GENUS IV. HÆMATOPUS. OYSTER-CATCHER.</p> <p>Bill long, slender, straight, or slightly recurvate, higher @@ -15605,7 +15586,7 @@ intestine long and rather slender; cœca long and nearly cylindrical; cloaca globular.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">325. 1. Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Temm.</span> American Oyster-catcher.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">325. 1. Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Temm.</span> American Oyster-catcher.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCXXIII.</span> Male.</p> @@ -15626,16 +15607,16 @@ to Labrador. Returns south in autumn, spending the winter from Maryland to West Florida. Rather common.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Temm.</span> Man. d'Orn. v. ii. p. 532.</p> +<p>Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Temm.</span> Man. d'Orn. v. ii. p. 532.</p> -<p>Mantled Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. ii. p. 15.</p> +<p>Mantled Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. ii. p. 15.</p> -<p>American Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 181; +<p>American Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus palliatus, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 181; v. v. p. 580.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">326. 2. Hæmatopus Bachmanii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Bachman's Oyster-catcher.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">326. 2. Hæmatopus Bachmanii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Bachman's Oyster-catcher.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCCCXXVII.</span> Fig. 1. Male.</p> @@ -15652,11 +15633,11 @@ surface of the quills lighter.</p> Columbia River. Rather common. Migratory.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Bachman's Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus Bachmani, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 245.</p> +<p>Bachman's Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus Bachmani, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 245.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption3nc">327. 3. Hæmatopus Townsendii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Townsend's Oyster-catcher.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">327. 3. Hæmatopus Townsendii, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Townsend's Oyster-catcher.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCCCXXVII.</span> Fig. 2. Female.</p> @@ -15673,13 +15654,13 @@ whitish; many of the wing-coverts narrowly tipped with brownish-white.</p> and northward. Rather common. Migratory.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Townsend's Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus Townsendi, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 247.</p> +<p>Townsend's Oyster-catcher, Hæmatopus Townsendi, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. v. p. 247.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXVI_SCOLOPACINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXVI_SCOLOPACINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXVI. SCOLOPACINÆ. SNIPES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXVI_SCOLOPACINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXVI_SCOLOPACINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXVI. SCOLOPACINÆ. SNIPES.</p> <p>Bill longer than the head, subulate, slender, straight, or @@ -16219,7 +16200,7 @@ the other parts as in winter.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 7<sup>10</sup>/<sub>12</sub>, 12<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>.</p> <p>From Texas along the coast to Maine in autumn and spring, extremely -abundant. Breeds from Lat. 55° northward.</p> +abundant. Breeds from Lat. 55° northward.</p> <blockquote> <p>Ruddy Plover, Charadrius rubidus, <span class="smcap">Wils.</span> Amer. Orn. v. vii. p. 129. Summer.</p> @@ -16904,7 +16885,7 @@ and under tail-coverts barred with black and white, which on the latter is tinged with brown; belly white; bill blackish towards its tip, dark wood-brown at the base. Length 11<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>, wing 5<sup>3</sup>/<sub>8</sub>.</p> -<p>"Fur Countries to Lat. 55°. Rocky Mountains."</p> +<p>"Fur Countries to Lat. 55°. Rocky Mountains."</p> <blockquote> <p>Scolopax Drummondii, Drummond's Snipe, <span class="smcap">Swains. & Rich.</span> F. Bor. Amer. v. ii. @@ -17300,7 +17281,7 @@ p. 378.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXVII_TANTALINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXVII_TANTALINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXVII. TANTALINÆ. IBISES.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXVII_TANTALINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXVII_TANTALINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXVII. TANTALINÆ. IBISES.</p> <p>Bill very long, arcuate, rather stout at the base, obtuse. @@ -17352,7 +17333,7 @@ stomach muscular.</p> <p>Bill black, bare part of head greyish-blue, feet greyish-black; upper part and sides of head dark glossy green, with purplish reflections; -neck, part of the back anteriorly, breast, abdomen, and tibiæ, deep +neck, part of the back anteriorly, breast, abdomen, and tibiæ, deep rich brownish-red or dark chestnut; part of the breast shaded with green, the sides dusky, tinged with green, as are the lower wing-coverts and lower tail-coverts; except the anterior edge of the wing, @@ -17583,7 +17564,7 @@ low bushes, or cactuses.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXVIII_ARDEINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXVIII_ARDEINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXVIII. ARDEINÆ. HERONS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXVIII_ARDEINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXVIII_ARDEINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXVIII. ARDEINÆ. HERONS.</p> <p>Bill longer than the head, stout, tapering, compressed, @@ -17671,7 +17652,7 @@ Heron.</p> <p>Male with the feathers on the upper part of the head lanceolate and acuminate, those on the occiput very long and linear; between the -scapulæ two longitudinal series of very elongated feathers with loose +scapulæ two longitudinal series of very elongated feathers with loose margins, the longest extending far beyond the tail; occipital and dorsal plumes not present in winter; head and throat greenish-black, crown and band on each side below the eye white, the former tinged @@ -17826,7 +17807,7 @@ Very common.</p> <blockquote> <p>*** Bill much longer than the head, with its outline scarcely -curved; legs very long, tibiæ bare to a great extent; feathers of the +curved; legs very long, tibiæ bare to a great extent; feathers of the lower fore neck very long and tapering. Ardea and Egretta of authors.</p> </blockquote> @@ -17837,7 +17818,7 @@ lower fore neck very long and tapering. Ardea and Egretta of authors.</p> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCLXXXI.</span> Male.</p> </blockquote> -<p>Bill, tibiæ, and hind part of tarsi yellow; anterior part of the latter +<p>Bill, tibiæ, and hind part of tarsi yellow; anterior part of the latter and toes dull green; feathers of the head elongated, lanceolate, and loose, of the back not much elongated; plumage entirely pure white.</p> @@ -18063,7 +18044,7 @@ Memphis. Abundant.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXIX_ANATINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXIX_ANATINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXIX. ANATINÆ. DUCKS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XXXIX_ANATINAE" id="FAMILY_XXXIX_ANATINAE"></a>FAMILY XXXIX. ANATINÆ. DUCKS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, stout, straight, depressed toward @@ -18081,7 +18062,7 @@ three palmate. Claws moderate, arched, compressed, obtuse. Plumage very full, dense, soft. Wings of moderate length, curved, acute, outer two quills longest. Tail short, of twelve or more feathers. Tongue fleshy, with a median -groove, lateral reversed papillæ, laminæ, or bristles, and a +groove, lateral reversed papillæ, laminæ, or bristles, and a semicircular thin horny tip; œsophagus narrow, slightly enlarged at the lower part of the neck; stomach a transversely elliptical gizzard, of which the lateral muscles are @@ -18130,7 +18111,7 @@ very broad, pointed; second quill longest; some of the secondaries extremely elongated, so as to extend far beyond the primaries when the wing is closed. Tail very short. Tongue confined by the lower mandible, fleshy, compressed, -decurved, with recurved conical papillæ; œsophagus extremely +decurved, with recurved conical papillæ; œsophagus extremely narrow, but at the lower part of the neck enlarged into a crop; proventriculus elliptical; stomach a very muscular, transversely elliptical gizzard, exactly resembling that @@ -18178,12 +18159,12 @@ the base, somewhat conical, depressed toward the end, rounded at the tip; upper mandible with the dorsal line sloping, the ridge broad and flattened, the sides sloping, the edges soft and obtuse, internally with numerous oblique -marginal lamellæ, the unguis obovate, convex; nasal groove +marginal lamellæ, the unguis obovate, convex; nasal groove oblong, filled by the soft membrane of the bill; nostrils medial, lateral, longitudinal, narrow-elliptical, open, pervious, lower mandible straight, with the angle very long, narrow, and rounded, the edges soft and obtuse, with numerous -oblique lamellæ, the tip broadly convex. Head small, oblong, +oblique lamellæ, the tip broadly convex. Head small, oblong, compressed; neck long and slender; body very full, slightly depressed. Feet short, stout; tibia bare for a short space below; tarsus short, a little compressed, covered all @@ -18418,11 +18399,11 @@ broad at the base, with a large depression; narrowed between the nostrils, convex toward the end, the sides nearly erect at the base, gradually becoming more horizontal and convex toward the end, the sides soft and thin, with numerous -transverse little elevated internal lamellæ, the unguis +transverse little elevated internal lamellæ, the unguis obovate; nasal groove elliptical, subbasal, covered by the soft membrane of the bill; lower mandible flattened, with the angle very long, and rather narrow, the sides convex, -the edges with numerous transverse lamellæ. Nostrils submedial, +the edges with numerous transverse lamellæ. Nostrils submedial, longitudinal, placed near the ridge, elliptical. Head of moderate size, oblong, compressed; neck extremely long and slender; body very large, compact, depressed. @@ -18513,11 +18494,11 @@ broad at the base, depressed and widened towards the end, rounded at the tip; upper mandible with the dorsal line sloping, and a little concave, the ridge at the base broad and flat, towards the end broadly convex, as are the sides, -the edges soft and rather obtuse, the marginal lamellæ +the edges soft and rather obtuse, the marginal lamellæ numerous, oblique; unguis decurved, obovate; nasal groove elliptical, subbasal, filled by the soft membrane of the bill; lower mandible flattened, slightly recurvate, with the angle -very long and narrow, the unguis roundish, the lamellæ +very long and narrow, the unguis roundish, the lamellæ numerous. Nostrils subbasal, elliptical, near the ridge. Head of moderate size, oblong, compressed; neck rather long and slender; body full, depressed. Feet short, stout, @@ -19007,7 +18988,7 @@ Southern States.</p> </blockquote> <p>Male with the bill longer than the head, depressed and much widened -towards the end, where its breadth is doubled; laminæ of the upper +towards the end, where its breadth is doubled; laminæ of the upper mandible very numerous, prolonged beyond the edges and tapering to a point, unless at the commencement of its broadest part; tail rounded, of fourteen acute feathers; bill greyish-black; feet vermilion; head @@ -19025,7 +19006,7 @@ lower part of neck pure white; breast and middle part of abdomen dull purplish-chestnut; a large patch of white on each side of the rump, with a band of the same towards the tail; lower tail-coverts greenish-black; axillaries and lower wing-coverts pure white. Female -with the bill much less dilated, and the laminæ less elongated; the +with the bill much less dilated, and the laminæ less elongated; the bill dull green; feathers of the upper parts blackish-brown, edged with light reddish-brown; throat and sides of the head light reddish-brown, which is the prevailing colour over the lower part of the neck, @@ -19843,7 +19824,7 @@ of the Mississippi. Never in the interior.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XL_MERGINAE_MERGANSERS" id="FAMILY_XL_MERGINAE_MERGANSERS"></a>FAMILY XL. MERGINÆ. MERGANSERS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XL_MERGINAE_MERGANSERS" id="FAMILY_XL_MERGINAE_MERGANSERS"></a>FAMILY XL. MERGINÆ. MERGANSERS.</p> <p>Bill rather long, straight, rather slender but strong, tapering, @@ -19852,7 +19833,7 @@ the end; upper mandible with the dorsal outline sloping gently to the middle, then straight, along the unguis suddenly decurved; the ridge broad and flattened at the base, then convex, the sides sloping, toward the end convex, the -edges serrate internally with oblique dentiform lamellæ, the +edges serrate internally with oblique dentiform lamellæ, the unguis oblong, much curved, abruptly rounded at the end; nasal groove elongated, covered by the soft skin of the bill; lower mandible with the angle very narrow and extended to @@ -19873,10 +19854,10 @@ blended beneath. Wings of moderate breadth, convex, acute; inner secondaries elongated and tapering. Tail short, much rounded, of more than twelve feathers. Upper <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_297" id="Page_297">[297]</a></span> -mandible with an internal series of small papillæ or laminæ +mandible with an internal series of small papillæ or laminæ on each side, besides those on the margin. Tongue long, fleshy, emarginate and papillate at the base, tapering, with -a double row of slender reversed papillæ along the upper +a double row of slender reversed papillæ along the upper surface, and two lateral series of filaments on each side, the tip lacerated; œsophagus very wide, of nearly uniform diameter; stomach a strong gizzard of moderate or small size, @@ -20096,7 +20077,7 @@ at New Orleans.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLI_PELECANINAE_PELICANS" id="FAMILY_XLI_PELECANINAE_PELICANS"></a>FAMILY XLI. PELECANINÆ. PELICANS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLI_PELECANINAE_PELICANS" id="FAMILY_XLI_PELECANINAE_PELICANS"></a>FAMILY XLI. PELECANINÆ. PELICANS.</p> <p>Bill longer than the head, rather slender, straight, upper @@ -20561,7 +20542,7 @@ similar.</p> <p>Common during winter from Texas to South Carolina, both along the coast, and about the lakes and rivers adjoining Missouri, Mississippi, -and Ohio Rivers. Breeds from California northward, to Lat. 61°. +and Ohio Rivers. Breeds from California northward, to Lat. 61°. Accidental in the Middle Atlantic Districts.</p> <blockquote> @@ -20634,7 +20615,7 @@ the sides erect, convex, the edges sharp and serrated, the tip compressed, acute. No external nostrils. Head large, neck of moderate length, and very thick; body of moderate bulk, rather elongated. Feet short, strong, placed -rather far behind; tibiæ concealed; tarsus very short, +rather far behind; tibiæ concealed; tarsus very short, rounded before, sharp behind, scaly, with three lines of small transversely oblong scutella, which run down the toes, the latter long and slender, all united by membranes having @@ -20749,7 +20730,7 @@ elongated, narrow, and tapering. This genus appears to be intermediate between Sula and Sterna.</p> -<p class="caption3nc">427. 1. Phaeton æthereus, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Common Tropic Bird.</p> +<p class="caption3nc">427. 1. Phaeton æthereus, <span class="smcap">Linn.</span> Common Tropic Bird.</p> <blockquote> <p><span class="smcap">Plate CCLXII.</span> Male and Female.</p> @@ -20774,17 +20755,17 @@ with red, and having the tail-feathers less elongated.</p> <p>Rare on the coast of Florida. Migratory.</p> <blockquote> -<p>Phaeton æthereus, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 409.</p> +<p>Phaeton æthereus, <span class="smcap">Bonap.</span> Syn. p. 409.</p> <p>Tropic Bird, <span class="smcap">Nutt.</span> Man. v. ii. p. 503.</p> -<p>Tropic Bird, Phaeton æthereus, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 442.</p> +<p>Tropic Bird, Phaeton æthereus, <span class="smcap">Aud.</span> Orn. Biog. v. iii. p. 442.</p> </blockquote> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLII_LARINAE_GULLS" id="FAMILY_XLII_LARINAE_GULLS"></a>FAMILY XLII. LARINÆ. GULLS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLII_LARINAE_GULLS" id="FAMILY_XLII_LARINAE_GULLS"></a>FAMILY XLII. LARINÆ. GULLS.</p> <p>Bill of moderate length, straight, compressed, acute; @@ -20844,7 +20825,7 @@ quills excessively long, the first longest; secondaries short. Tail of moderate length, deeply forked, of twelve feathers. Tongue short, triangular, tapering; œsophagus wide; stomach rather small, oblong, muscular, the cuticular lining -dense, with nine broad longitudinal rugæ; intestine rather +dense, with nine broad longitudinal rugæ; intestine rather long, narrow; cœca very small; cloaca large, globular, the digestive organs are precisely similar to those of the Terns and smaller Gulls.</p> @@ -21090,7 +21071,7 @@ lighter.</p> <p><i>Male</i>, 16, 31<sup>1</sup>/<sub>2</sub>.</p> <p>Breeds from Galveston Islands along the shores of the Atlantic to -Labrador, and as far north as Lat. 57°. Returns southward in autumn, +Labrador, and as far north as Lat. 57°. Returns southward in autumn, passing beyond the Texas. Extremely abundant.</p> <blockquote> @@ -21899,7 +21880,7 @@ Columbia River.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLIII_PROCELLARINAE_FULMARS" id="FAMILY_XLIII_PROCELLARINAE_FULMARS"></a>FAMILY XLIII. PROCELLARINÆ. FULMARS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLIII_PROCELLARINAE_FULMARS" id="FAMILY_XLIII_PROCELLARINAE_FULMARS"></a>FAMILY XLIII. PROCELLARINÆ. FULMARS.</p> <p>Bill generally shorter than the head, moderately stout, @@ -22550,7 +22531,7 @@ breed on the American coast.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLIV_ALCINAE_AUKS" id="FAMILY_XLIV_ALCINAE_AUKS"></a>FAMILY XLIV. ALCINÆ. AUKS.</p> +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLIV_ALCINAE_AUKS" id="FAMILY_XLIV_ALCINAE_AUKS"></a>FAMILY XLIV. ALCINÆ. AUKS.</p> <p>Bill not longer than the head, much compressed, generally @@ -23168,7 +23149,7 @@ River.</p> -<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLV_COLYMBINAE_DIVERS_AND" id="FAMILY_XLV_COLYMBINAE_DIVERS_AND"></a>FAMILY XLV. COLYMBINÆ. DIVERS AND +<p class="caption2"><a name="FAMILY_XLV_COLYMBINAE_DIVERS_AND" id="FAMILY_XLV_COLYMBINAE_DIVERS_AND"></a>FAMILY XLV. COLYMBINÆ. DIVERS AND GREBES.</p> @@ -23638,7 +23619,7 @@ internet search (<i>e.g.</i>, p. 29: Virginana and Virginiana [not found]).</p> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">xii</td> - <td class="tdl">“XLV. COLUMBINÆ. DIVERS...” => “XLV. COLYMBINÆ. DIVERS...”</td> + <td class="tdl">“XLV. COLUMBINÆ. DIVERS...” => “XLV. COLYMBINÆ. DIVERS...”</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="tdr">48</td> @@ -23664,360 +23645,6 @@ internet search (<i>e.g.</i>, p. 29: Virginana and Virginiana [not found]).</p> </div> <p> </p> -<hr class="pg" /> -<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A SYNOPSIS OF THE BIRDS OF NORTH AMERICA***</p> -<p>******* This file should be named 42832-h.txt or 42832-h.zip *******</p> -<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> -<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/2/8/3/42832">http://www.gutenberg.org/4/2/8/3/42832</a></p> -<p> -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed.</p> - -<p> -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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