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diff --git a/42820-0.txt b/42820-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e12e7ae --- /dev/null +++ b/42820-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3202 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42820 *** + +{557} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 242.] +SATURDAY, JUNE 17. 1854 +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Political Predictions, by Henry H. Breen 559 + + Derivation of the Word "Bigot" 560 + + "Book of Almanacs," by Professor De Morgan 561 + + MINOR NOTES:--Distances at which Sounds have been + heard--Anagram--Logan or Rocking Stones 561 + + QUERIES:-- + + A Rubens Query 561 + + The Paxs Pennies of William the Conqueror 562 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Peculiar Customs at Preston, in + Lancashire--Obsolete Statutes--Sale of Offices and + Salaries in the Seventeenth Century--Board of + Trade--Sacheverell's and Charles Lamb's Residences in + the Temple--Braddock and Orme 562 + + MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--Cromwell's Bible--Canne's + Bible--Dryden and Luke Milbourne--Portrait Painters of + the last Century--Ætna--Sir Adam, or Sir Ambrose, Brown 563 + + REPLIES:-- + + Norwich, Kirkpatrick Collection of MSS. for the History of, + by B. B. Woodward, &c. 564 + + Early German Coloured Engravings 565 + + The Bellman at Newgate, by J. W Farrer 565 + + Herbert's "Church Porch" 566 + + Ancient Usages of the Church 566 + + Popiana, by R. 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Price 1s., per +Post, 1s. 2d. + + * * * * * + + +WHOLESALE PHOTOGRAPHIC DEPOT: DANIEL McMILLAN, 132. Fleet Street, London. +The Cheapest House in Town for every Description of Photographic Apparatus, +Materials, and Chemicals. + +*** Price List Free on Application. + + * * * * * + + +{559} + +_LONDON, SATURDAY, JUNE 17, 1854._ + + * * * * * + +Notes. + +POLITICAL PREDICTIONS. + +It would be interesting, and perhaps not wholly unprofitable, to bring +together the various attempts that have been made to shadow forth the +approaching crisis in the political world. As literary curiosities, such +things may be worth preserving; and I therefore send you a few samples as a +contribution. + +The first is from the Abbé De la Mennais, whose words, uttered about twenty +years ago, are thus given in a provincial paper: + + "England, like all other countries, has had her period of + aggrandisement; during a whole century Europe has seen her dawning + above the horizon until, having attained her highest degree of + splendour, she has begun to decline, and this decline dates from the + day of which the fall of Napoleon, due principally to her exertions, + marked the most brilliant period of her glory. Since that time her + policy has undergone a striking change, which every year becomes more + evident. Instead of that vigour and promptitude of resolution of which + she used to give so many proofs (though they could not all be praised + alike, because there were more than one act repugnant to morality), she + is now timid, she hesitates, she labours painfully through the dark and + crooked paths of diplomacy, and substitutes intrigue for action; + incapable, it would seem, of taking a decisive part at the right + moment, even on the most momentous occasions. The English nation has + evidently lost its strength, or the belief in its strength; and as to + actual results, one differs not from the other. Look at this England, + so haughty, so wedded to her interests, so skilful formerly in + defending them, so bold in extending their influence over the whole + world; look at her now in the presence of Russia. Humbled, braved by + that young power, one would say that she trembles before its genius. + The Czars exercise over her a species of fascination which disturbs her + councils and relaxes the muscles of her robust arms. The conquests of + the Russians in the East menace the possessions of England in India; + they close the Dardanelles to her fleets, they shut out her commerce + from the mouths of the Danube and the shores of the Black Sea. After + what fashion would she have resisted these things thirty years ago?" + +The next quotation is from Alison's _History of Europe from the Fall of +Napoleon_, published in 1852. In chap. i. p. 68., after citing some lines +from Gray on _Education and Government_, he thus proceeds: + + "It will be so to the end of the world; for in the north, and there + alone, are found the privations which insure hardihood, the poverty + which impels to conquest, the difficulties which rouse to exertion. + Irresistible to men so actuated is the attraction which the climate of + the south, the riches of civilisation, exercise on the poverty and + energy of the native wilds. Slowly but steadily, for two centuries, the + Muscovite power has increased, devouring everything which it + approaches--ever advancing, never receding. Sixty-six millions of men, + doubling every half century, now obey the mandates of the Czar; whose + will is law, and who leads a people whose passion is conquest. Europe + may well tremble at the growth of a power possessed of such resources, + actuated by such desires, led by such ability; but Europe alone does + not comprise the whole family of mankind. The great designs of + Providence are working out their accomplishment by the passions of the + free agents to which their execution has been intrusted. Turkey will + yield, Persia be overrun by Muscovite battalions; the original + birth-place of our religion will be rescued by their devotion; and as + certainly as the Transatlantic hemisphere, and the islands of the + Indian Sea, will be peopled by the self-acting passions of Western + democracy, will the plains of Asia be won to the Cross by the + resistless arms of Eastern despotism." + +I shall conclude with two or three extracts from a pamphlet, published some +time last year at Toronto, and bearing the significant title, _The coming +Struggle among the Nations of the Earth; or the Political Events of the +next Fifteen Years, &c._ The writer begins by interpreting, as applicable +to the present times, the prophecies of Ezekiel, Daniel, and the +Apocalypse, from which he foretells the following events: + +1. The seizure of Constantinople, and overthrow of Turkey by the Emperor of +Russia. + +2. War between France and Austria: overthrow of the latter, and consequent +destruction of the Papacy. + +3. The conquest of the Horns or Continental Powers by the Emperor of +Russia. + +4. Britain rapidly extends her Eastern possessions, prevents the occupation +of Judea, and completes the first stage of the restoration of the Jews. + +The writer then continues in the following strain: + + "Turning his eyes eastward on the wealth and prosperity of the + countries under British protection, the triumphant conqueror of Europe + will conceive the idea of spoiling them, and appropriating their goods + and cattle. Scarcely is this idea formed, than its execution is begun; + and sudden and terrific as a whirlwind he enters the 'glorious land.' + So sudden and unexpected is his onslaught, that the British power is + unprepared, and Egypt, Ethiopia, and Libya fall into his hands. + + "Meanwhile, Britain has been making strenuous efforts to stop the + progress of this gigantic Napoleon; and every soldier that can be + spared is sent away in the direction of the rising sun. But what can + the British army do against such a host as the Russian autocrat has + around him? Brave as the officers and men may be, what success or what + renown can be gained in such an unequal conflict? In the critical + emergency, the parent island sends a cry across the Atlantic, 'Come + over and help us!' Swiftly is the sound borne over the waves, and soon + an answering {560} echo is wafted back from the shores of Columbia. The + cause is common, and the struggle must be common too. 'We are coming, + brother John, we are coming,' is the noble reply; and, almost ere it is + delivered, a fleet of gallant vessels is crossing the Pacific, with the + stars and stripes gleaming on every mast. Another force is on its way + from the far south, and soon the flower and strength of Anglo-Saxon + race meet on the sacred soil of Palestine. The intelligence of their + approach reaches the sacrilegious usurper, and he leads forth his army + towards the mountains that rise in glory round about Jerusalem. The + Jews within the city now arm themselves, and join the army that has + come from the east and west, the north and south, for their protection: + and thus these two mighty masses meet face to face, and prepare for the + greatest _physical_ battle that ever was fought on this struggling + earth. On the one side the motley millions of Russia, and the nations + of Continental Europe, are drawn up on the slopes of the hills, and the + sides of the valleys toward the north; while, on the other, are ranged + the thousands of Britain and her offspring; from whose firm and regular + ranks gleam forth the dark eyes of many of the sons of Abraham, + determined to preserve their newly recovered city or perish, like their + ancestors of a former age, in its ruins. + + "All is ready. That awful pause, which takes place before the shock of + battle, reigns around; but ere it is broken by the clash of meeting + arms, and while yet the contending parties are at a little distance + from each other, a strange sound is heard over head. The time for the + visible manifestation of God's vengeance has arrived, his fury has come + up in his face, and He calls for a sword against Gog throughout all the + mountains. 'Tis this voice of the Lord that breaks the solemn + stillness, and startles the assembled hosts. The scene that follows + baffles description. Amid earthquakes and showers of fire, the + bewildered and maddened armies of the autocrat rush, sword in hand, + against each other, while the Israelites and their Anglo-Saxon friends + gaze on the spectacle with amazement and consternation. It does not + appear that they will even lift their hand against that foe which they + had come so far to meet. Their aid is not necessary to accomplish the + destruction of the image. The stone, cut without hands, shall fall on + its feet and break them to pieces; and then shall the iron, the clay, + the brass, the silver, and the gold, become like the chaff of the + summer threshing-floor, and the wind shall carry them away. The various + descriptions which we have of this battle, all intimate that God is the + only foe that shall contend with the autocrat at Armageddon. John terms + it, 'the battle of that great day of God Almighty;' and we believe the + principal instrument of their defeat will be mutual slaughter. The + carnage will be dreadful. Out of all the millions that came like a + cloud upon the land of Israel, only a scattered and shattered remnant + will return; the great mass will be left to 'cleanse the land,' and + fill the valley of Hamongog with graves." + +I refrain from quoting the remarks made by Napoleon, at St. Helena, +respecting Russia, and the likelihood of her ultimately subjugating Western +Europe, as your readers must be familiar with them from the writings of +O'Meara and others. + +HENRY H. BREEN. + +St. Lucia. + + * * * * * + +DERIVATION OF THE WORD "BIGOT." + +At p. 80. of Mr. Trench's admirable little volume _On the Study of Words_, +an etymology is assigned to the word _bigot_, which is, I think, clearly +erroneous: + + "Two explanations of it are current," writes Mr. Trench, "one of which + traces it up to the early Normans, while they yet retained their + northern tongue, and to their often adjuration by the name of God; with + sometimes a reference to a famous scene in French history, in which + Rollo, Duke of Normandy, played a conspicuous part: the other puts it + in connexion with _beguines_, called often in Latin _beguttæ_, a name + by which certain communities of pietist women were known in the Middle + Ages." + +I agree with Mr. Trench in thinking, that neither of these derivations is +the correct one. But I am obliged, quite as decidedly, to reject that which +he proceeds to offer. He thinks that we owe-- + + "_Bigot_ rather to that profound impression which the Spaniards made + upon all Europe in the fifteenth and the following century. Now the + word _bigote_," he continues, "means in Spanish 'moustachio;' and as + contrasted with the smooth, or nearly smooth, upper lip of most other + people, at that time the Spaniards were the 'men of the moustachio'.... + That they themselves connected firmness and resolution with the + mustachio; that it was esteemed the outward symbol of these, it is + plain from such phrases as 'pombre de bigote,' a man of resolution; + 'tener bigotes,' to stand firm. But that in which they eminently + displayed their firmness and resolution in those days was their + adherence to whatever the Roman see imposed and taught. What then more + natural, or more entirely according to the law of the generation of + names, than that this striking and distinguishing outward feature of + the Spaniard should have been laid hold of to express that character + and condition of mind which eminently were his, and then transferred to + all others who shared the same?" + +Of this it must be admitted, that "se non e vero, e ben trovato." And the +only reason for rejecting such an etymology is the existence of another +with superior claims. + +_Bigot_ is derived, as I think will be hardly doubted on consideration, +from the Italian _bigio_, grey. Various religious confraternities, and +especially a branch of the order of St. Francis which, from being parcel +secular and parcel regular, was called "Terziari di S. Francesco," clothed +themselves in grey; and from thence were called _Bigiocchi_ and _Bigiotti_. +And from a very early period, the word was used in a bad sense. {561} + +Menage, in his _Origini della Lingua Italiana_, under the word BIZOCO, +writes: + + "Persono secolare vestita di abito di religione. Quasi 'bigioco' perche + ordinariamente gli Ipocriti, e coloro che si fanno dell' ordine di S. + Francesco si vestono di bigio." + +And Sansovino on the _Decameron_ says that-- + + "_Bizocco_ sia quasi _Bigioco_, o _Bigiotto_, perchè i Terziari di S. + Francesco si veston di bigio." + +Abundance of instances might be adduced of the use of the term _bizocco_ in +the sense of hypocrite, or would-be saint. And the passage which Mr. Trench +gives after Richardson from Bishop Hall, where _bigot_ is used to signify a +pervert to Romanism, "he was turned both _bigot_ and physician," seems to +me to favour my etymology rather than that from the Spanish; as showing +that the earliest known use of the term was its application to a Popish +religionist. The "pervert" alluded to had become that which cotemporary +Italians were calling a _bigiotto_. Must we not conclude that Bishop Hall +drew his newly-coined word thence? + +T. A. T. + +Florence. + + * * * * * + +"BOOK OF ALMANACS." + +When I published this work, I knew of no predecessor except Francoeur, as +noted in the preface; but another has been recently pointed out to me. +There was a work compiled for the use of the Dominicans, entitled +_Kalendarium Perpetuum juxta ritum Sacri ordinis prædicatorum, s. p. n. +Dominici_. The copy now before me, Rome, 1612, 8vo., is said to be "tertio +emendatum," which probably signifies the fourth edition. It contains the +thirty-five almanacs, with rules for determining epacts and dominical +letters from A.D. 1600 to 2100, and a table for choosing the almanac when +the epact and letter are known. + +This work must have been compiled before the reformation of the calendar. A +note in explanation of the thirty-fifth almanac, contains the statement +that A.D. 1736 belongs to that calendar, and to the letters D.C. This is +true of the old style, and not of the new. + +It seems, then, that _Books of Almanacs_ are older than the Gregorian +reformation: that they may have been completely forgotten, may be inferred +from my book never having produced any mention of them either in your pages +or elsewhere. Perhaps some older instances may be yet produced. + +A. DE MORGAN. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Distances at which Sounds have been heard._--The story of St. Paul's clock +striking being heard by a sentry at Windsor is well known, and I believe +authentic. Let me add the following:--The Rev. Hugh Salvin (who died vicar +of Alston, Cumberland, Sept. 28, 1852) mentions an equally remarkable +instance whilst he was chaplain on board H.M.S. "Cambridge," on the coast +of South America: + + "Our salutes at Chancay were heard at Callao, though the distance is + thirty-five miles, and several projecting headlands intervene, and the + wind always blows northward. The lieutenant of the Arab store-ship, to + whom the circumstance was mentioned, observed, that upon one occasion + the evening gun at Plymouth was heard at Ilfracomb, which is sixty + miles off, and a mountainous country intervenes."--_Journal of the Rev. + H. S. Salvin_, p. 64., 12mo.: Newcastle-on-Tyne, 1829. + +BALLIOLENSIS. + +_Anagram._--The accompanying anagram I saw, some weeks back, in a country +paper; perhaps you will give it a local habitation in "N. & Q." It is said +to be by a president of one of the committees of the arrondissement of +Valenciennes: + + "A sa majesté impériale Le Szar Nicholas, souverain et autocrate de + toutes les Russies." + + "Oho! ta vanité sera ta perte; elle isole la Russie; tes successeurs te + maudiront à jamais." + +PHILIP STRANGE. + +_Logan or Rocking Stones._--The following extract from Sir C. Anderson's +_Eight Weeks' Journal in Norway, &c. in 1852_, under July 21, may interest +your Devonshire and Cornish readers: + + "Mr. De C----k, a most intelligent Danish gentleman, told me, that when + a proprietor near Drammen, was at Bjornholm Island, in the Baltic, he + was told there were stones which made a humming noise when pushed, and + on examination they proved to be rocking-stones; on his return, he + found on his own property several large stones, which, on removing the + earth around them, were so balanced as to be moveable. If this be an + accurate statement, it tends to strengthen the notion that stones, laid + upon each other by natural causes, have, by application of a little + labour, been made to move, as the stones at Brimham Craggs in + Yorkshire; and this seems more likely than that such immense masses + should have been ever raised by mechanical force and poised." + +BALLIOLENSIS. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +A RUBENS QUERY. + +There is a somewhat curious mystery with regard to certain works of the +immortal Rubens, which some of your readers, who are connoisseurs in art, +may possibly assist to dispel. Lommeline, who engraved the finest works of +Rubens, has left a print of "The Judgment of Paris," which {562} differs in +several points from the subject of "The Decision of Paris," now in the +National Gallery. For instance, in the one, Paris rests the apple upon his +knee, and in the other he is offering it to the fair goddess of Beauty. +This print has also _five_ more figures than there are in the Gallery +painting. Now, two questions arise hereon: first, what has become of the +original painting from which this print was taken? and secondly, where is +the line engraving of the picture now in the National Gallery? + +J. J. S. + +Downshire Hill, Hampstead. + + * * * * * + +THE PAXS PENNIES OF WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR. + +Perhaps some of your numerous readers may be able to satisfy me on a +subject which has for a long time troubled me. + +All coin collectors are aware that there are many different reverses to the +pennies of William I. One is commonly called the _pax_-type: and _why_, is +the question. + +On the obverse, it is "PILLM REX," or sometimes differently spelt; but "P" +always stands for "W," and pronounced so. + +On the reverse, it is P [=A] X S (each letter being encircled), but the "P" +is here pronounced "P;" this is in the centre compartment: surrounding it +is the moneyer's name, with place where the coin was struck--"EDPI (Edwi) +ON LVND," "GODPINE (Godwine) ON LVND," &c. It is very inconsistent that +letters should be pronounced differently on the same coin. + +I am rather of opinion that we have not arrived at the right reading, and +that _pax_ has nothing to do with it. It is PAXS, AXSP, XSPA, or SPAX: for +I find, on comparing nineteen different coins, the letters stand in +different positions compared with the cross, which denotes the beginning of +the inscription around them; so no one can tell which letter of the four in +the circles near the large cross should come first. Besides, what does the +"S" stand for, after you get the "PAX?" + +I am not a member of the Antiquarian Society, but have asked gentlemen +belonging to it to explain this puzzle (to me), without success. I now ask +them and others, through your pages, to give a solution of the difficulty. + +W. M. F. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Peculiar Customs at Preston, in Lancashire._--I wish to know if it be true +that the use of _mourning_ is nearly, if not altogether, discountenanced at +the above town, even for the loss of the nearest and dearest friends; and +that a widow's cap is only worn by those to whom another husband would be +particularly acceptable? If these, and other peculiar customs prevail, I +wish some correspondent from Lancashire would kindly enlighten the readers +of "N. & Q." with respect to them. + +ANON. + +_Obsolete Statutes._--There was published, in the pamphlet form (pp. 61.), +in 1738, a capital piece of _irony_ under the title of-- + + "A Letter to a Member of Parliament, containing a Proposal for bringing + in a Bill to revise, amend, or repeal certain Obsolete Statutes, + commonly called 'The Ten Commandments.' 4th Edition." + +As this will doubtless be known to some of your readers, may I ask the name +of the author, and the occasion of its publication? + +J. O. + +_Sale of Offices and Salaries in the Seventeenth Century._--Has the subject +of the sale of offices in former times ever been investigated? In the reign +of Charles II., a new secretary of state, lord chamberlain, &c., always +paid a large sum of money to his predecessor, the king often helping to +find the required sum. Was this the case with all offices? I do not think +the lord chancellorship was ever paid for. When and how did the practice +originate, and when and how fall into disuse? Has the subject of salaries +of offices (including fees) in these times ever been accurately +investigated? What were the emoluments of the lord chancellor, chancellor +of the exchequer, and president of the council, in the reign of Charles? + +C. H. + +_Board of Trade._--A council for trade was appointed during the recess of +the Convention Parliament after the Restoration. Are the names of that +council anywhere published? Did this council continue to exist till the +appointment (I think in 1670) of the Council of Trade, of which Lord +Sandwich was made president? + +C. H. + +_Sacheverell's and Charles Lamb's Residences in the Temple._--In which +house in Crown Office Row, Temple, was Charles Lamb born? and which were +the chambers occupied by Dr. Sacheverell, also in the Temple, at the time +of the riots caused by his admirers? + +AN ADMIRER OF YOUR PUBLICATION. + +_Braddock and Orme._--Can you, or any of your correspondents, furnish me +(in reply to an inquiry made of me by the Historical Society of +Pennsylvania) with any information about the families of Braddock and Orme, +in relation to General Braddock, who commanded and was killed at the battle +of the Monongahela river; and to Orme, who, with Washington and Morris, +were his aides-de-camp in the melancholy and fatal engagement. + +F. O. MORRIS. + +Nunburnholme Rectory, York. + +{563} + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries with Answers. + +_Cromwell's Bible._--I have seen it stated that an edition of the Bible, +"printed by John Field, one of his Highness's Printers, 1658," in 12mo., +London, was printed by order of Cromwell for distribution to his soldiers. +Can any of your correspondents furnish authority for such tradition? It is +one of the most incorrectly printed books which I ever met with. In +Cotton's list I do not find this edition: he has one in 8vo., 1657, +Cambridge, J. Field. + +W. C. TREVELYAN. + + [George Offor, Esq., of Hackney, has kindly favoured us with a reply to + this and the following Query: "Eighteen different editions of the + Bible, printed by John Field, are in my collection, published between + the years 1648 and 1666. In some of these he is described as printer to + the University of Cambridge, in others as 'One of His Highness's + Printers;' but in those which _tradition_ says were published for the + army, he is called 'Printer to the Parliament.' They are all as + correctly printed as Bibles were generally published during that time, + excepting that by Giles Calvert the Quaker, published in 1653, which is + singularly correct and beautiful. Field's editions being remarkable for + beauty of typography and smallness, have been much examined, and many + errors detected. That of 1653 is the most beautiful and called genuine, + and is the copy said to have been printed for the use of the army and + navy. Of this I have five different editions, all agreeing in the error + in Matthew, ch. vi. v. 24., 'Ye cannot serve and mammon;' and in having + the first four psalms on one page. But in some the following errors are + corrected, 1 Cor. vi. v. 9., 'The unrighteous shall inherit the kingdom + of God;' Rom. ch. vi. v. 13., 'Neither yield ye your members as + instruments of righteousness unto sin.' The copy of 1658, which SIR. W. + C. TREVELYAN describes, is a counterfeit of the genuine edition of + 1653, vulgarly called 'The Bastard Field's Bible.' These were reprinted + many times. I possess four different editions of it, so exactly alike + in form and appearance, that the variations throughout can only be + detected by placing them in juxtaposition. They are all neatly printed, + without a black line between the columns, and make thicker volumes than + the genuine edition. I have never been able to verify the tradition + that the Field's Bible, 1653, was printed for the army by order of + Cromwell. It is the only one, as far as I can discover, 'Printed by + John Field, Printer to the Parliament.' I received the tradition from + my father nearly sixty years ago, and have no doubt but that it is + founded in fact. It is an inquiry well worthy of investigation.--G. + OFFOR."] + +_Canne's Bible._--What is the value of a good copy of Canne's Bible, +printed at Edinburgh by John Kincaid, 1756? + +SIGMA. + + ["Canne's Bibles were first printed at Amsterdam, 1647, 1662, and 1664; + in London, 1682, 1684, 1698: these are all pocket volumes. Then again + in Amsterdam, 4to., 1700. At Edinburgh by Watkins in 1747, and by + Kincaid in 1766; after which there followed editions very coarsely and + incorrectly printed. They are all, excepting that of 1647, in my + collection. Kincaid's, 1766, 2 vols. nonpareil, in beautiful condition, + bound in green morocco, cost me five shillings. That of 1747, by + Watkins, not in such fine condition, two shillings. SIGMA can readily + imagine the value of Kincaid's edition 1756, by comparison with those + of 1747 and 1766. If any of your readers could assist me to procure the + first edition, 1647, I should be greatly obliged.--G. OFFOR."] + +_Dryden and Luke Milbourne._--Among the "Quarrels of Authors," I do not +find that between _glorious John_ and this reverend gentleman. In a +poetical paraphrase of _The Christian's Pattern_, by the latter (8vo., +1697), he shows unmistakeable evidence of having been lately skinned by the +_witty tribe_, which I take to mean Dryden and his _atheistical crew_. I am +aware that Milbourne invited the attack by his flippant remarks upon the +English Virgil, but I know not in which piece of Dryden's to look for it. + +J. O. + + [Dryden's attack on Milbourne occurs in his preface to the Fables + (Scott's edition of his _Works_, vol. xi. p. 235.). "As a corollary to + this preface," says Dryden, "in which I have done justice to others, I + owe somewhat to myself; not that I think it worth my time to enter the + lists with one Milbourne and one Blackmore, but barely to take notice + that such men there are, who have written scurrilously against me + without any provocation. Milbourne, who is in orders, pretends, amongst + the rest, this quarrel to me, that I have fallen foul on priesthood; if + I have, I am only to ask pardon of good priests, and am afraid his part + of the reparation will come to little. Let him be satisfied that he + shall not be able to force himself upon me for an adversary. I contemn + him too much to enter into competition with him." A little lower down + Dryden hints that Milbourne lost his living for writing a libel upon + his parishioners.] + +_Portrait Painters of the last Century._--I am anxious to obtain some +information respecting the portrait painters of the last century. I have in +my collection a picture by H. Smith, 1736. Can any of your readers give me +an account of him? + +DURANDUS. + + [A biographical list, alphabetically arranged, of portrait painters, is + given in Hobbes's _Picture Collector's Manual; being a Dictionary of + Painters_, vol. ii. pp. 467-515., edit. 1849; a useful work of the + kind. The name of H. Smith is not noticed.] + +_Ætna._--To whom can the following passage refer? + + "We found a good inn here (Catania), kept by one Caca Sangue, a name + that sounds better in Italian than it would in English. This fellow is + extremely pleasant and communicative, and among other things he told us + that Mr. ----, who has published such a minute description of his + journey to the crater of Ætna, was never there, but sick in Catania + when his {564} party ascended, he having been their guide."--_Travels + through Switzerland, Italy, Sicily, &c._, vol. ii. p. 21., by Thomas + Watkins, A.M., F.R.S., in the years 1787, 1788, 1789; 2 vols. 8vo., 2nd + edition, London, 1794. + +ANON. + + [The reference is probably to M. D'Orville, whose minute description of + his journey up Mount Ætna was copied into the _Gentleman's Magazine_, + vol. xxxiv. p. 281., extracted from D'Orville's work, entitled _Sicula, + or the History and Antiquities of the Island of Sicily, &c._, 2 vols. + folio, Amsterdam.] + +_Sir Adam, or Sir Ambrose, Brown._--This friend of Evelyn, who lived at +Betchworth Park, is sometimes called Sir Adam, and sometimes Sir Ambrose, +in Evelyn's _Memoirs_. Is not Sir Adam the correct name? + +C. H. + + [The entries in Evelyn's _Diary_ seem to be correct. Sir Ambrose Brown, + obit. 1661, was the father of Sir Adam, obit. 1690. See the pedigree in + Manning and Bray's _Surrey_, vol. i. p. 560.] + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +NORWICH, KIRKPATRICK COLLECTION MSS. FOR THE HISTORY OF. + +(Vol. ix., p. 515.) + +Your correspondent T. A. T. can find a full, but in one respect a most +unsatisfactory reply to his inquiry, in the preface to a _History of the +Religious Orders and Communities, and of the Hospital and Castle of +Norwich_, by Mr. John Kirkpatrick, Treasurer of the Great Hospital, bearing +the names of Edwards and Hughes, London, and Stevenson and Hatchett, +Norwich, as publishers, and dated 1845. This volume was printed at the +expense of Hudson Gurney, Esq., whose "well-known liberality and laudable +desire to perpetuate the knowledge of the antiquities of his native city," +the preface fitly records; but it was not, in the commercial sense of the +word, _published_; and, therefore, the information it gives may not be +generally accessible. The following is the list of the collections which +were "safe in the custody of the corporation about thirty years ago (say +between 1800 and 1810), when M. de Hague held the office of town-clerk." + + "1. A thick volume of the early history and jurisdiction of the city; + date 1720. + + 2. A similar folio volume, being an account of the military state of + the city, its walls, towns, ponds, pits, wells, pumps, &c.; date 1722. + + 3. A thick quarto. + + 4. Several large bundles, foolscap folio; Annals of Norwich. + + 5. A fasciculus, foolscap folio; origin of charities and wills relating + thereto, in each parish. + + 6. Memorandum books of monuments. + + 7. Ditto of merchants' marks. + + 8. Ditto of plans of churches. + + 9. Paper containing drawings of the city gates, and a plan of Norwich. + + 10. Drawings of all the churches. + + 11. An immense number of small pieces of paper, containing notes of the + tenures of each house in Norwich." + +No portion of these collections remains at present in the hands of the +legatees, and the greater number of them is not so much as known to be in +existence. The "thick quarto," marked "3" in the list, is that which Mr. +Gurney's zeal has caused to be printed; and it is now the property of the +representatives of the late Mr. William Herring of Hethersett, whose father +purchased it many years ago of a bookseller. The paper marked "9" was "said +to have been in the possession of the Friars' Society," which was +discovered some twenty years ago. My father had tracings of the "Drawings +of the City Gates;" but I am not sure that they are made from Kirkpatrick's +original. The collection marked "10," my father saw "in the possession of +Mr. William Matthews, Mr. De Hague's clerk." And "a portion of the papers +included under the last number" was said to be existence in 1845; but Mr. +Dawson Turner, who compiled the "Preface," was "not fully informed" +respecting them, and I can throw no light upon the subject. It is very +remarkable that the Norfolk and Norwich Archæological Association has done +nothing for the recovery or _dis_covery of the remainder of this invaluable +bequest; perhaps the inquiry of T. A. T. may incite them to attempt both, +and in this hope I trouble you with this reply. + +B. B. WOODWARD. + +Bungay, Suffolk. + +In the year 1845, one of the MSS. of Mr. John Kirkpatrick was printed at +Yarmouth, edited by Mr. Dawson Turner, at the expense of Mr. Hudson Gurney. +This MS. is the _History of the Religious Orders and Communities, and of +the Hospital and Castle of Norwich_, and filled a quarto of 258 folios in +the handwriting of the author. In a very interesting preface, the editor +states that no portion of Kirkpatrick's bequest remains at present in the +hands of the corporation of Norwich, or is even known to be in existence, +except the volume thus edited, and perhaps some fragments of the "small +pieces of paper," described in the will as "containing notes of the tenure +of each house in Norwich," which, if such do exist, are, it is to be +feared, so scattered and injured as to be useless. The editor enumerates +and describes eleven MSS. which, he says, were safe in the custody of the +corporation about forty years ago from the present time: but, he adds, they +have now disappeared, with the exception of the volume which he has edited. +This MS. is the property of the representatives of the late Mr. William +Herring, of Hethersett, whose father purchased it of a bookseller. + +F. C. H. + +{565} + + * * * * * + +EARLY GERMAN COLOURED ENGRAVINGS. + +(Vol. ix., p. 57.) + +H.'s prints are probably cut from a work on Alchemy, entitled + + "Lambspring, das ist ein herzlichen Teutscher Tractat vom + philosophischen Steine, welchen für Jahren ein adelicher Teutscher + Philosophus so Lampert Spring geheissen, mit schönen Figuren + beschreiben hat. Frankfurt-am-Main, bey Lucca Jennis zu finden." 1625, + 4to. pp. 36. + +The series of plates extends to fifteen, among which are those described by +H. Some are remarkable for good drawing and spirited expression, and all +are good for the time. The verses which belong to Plate 2. are printed on +the back of Plate 1., and so on, which rendered transcription necessary on +mounting them. Each represents, figuratively, one of the steps towards the +philosopher's stone. Some have Latin explanations at the foot. Not +understanding alchemy, I can appreciate them only as works of art. An +account of one as a specimen may be of some interest, so I select the least +unintelligible. + +Plate 6. A dragon eating his own tail. + +Above: + + "Das ist gross Wundr und seltsam list, + Die höchst Artzney im Drachen ist." + +Below: + + "Mercurius recte et chymice præcipitatus, vel sublimatus, in sua + propria aqua resolutus et rursum coagulatus." + +On the opposite page: + + "Ein Drach im Walde wohnend ist + Am Gifft demselben nichts gebrisst; + Wenn er die Sonn sieht und das Fewr, + So speüsst er Gifft, fleugt ungehewr + Kein lebend Thier für ihm mag gnesn + Der Basilisc mag ihm nit gleich wesn, + Wenn diesen Wurmb wol weiss zu tödtn + Der Kömpt auss allen seinen nöthn, + Sein Farbn in seinem Todt sich vermehrn + Auss seiner Gifft Artzney thut werden + Sein Gifft verzehrt er gar und gans, + Und frisst sein eign vergifften Schwanz. + Da muss er in sich selbst volbringen + Der edlst Balsam, auss ihm thut tringen. + Solch grosse Tugend wird mann schawen, + Welches alle Weysn sich hoch erfrawen." + +The three persons in Plate 13. appear first in Plate 11. The superscription +is-- + + "Vater, Sohn, Führer, haben sie beym Handen: + Corpus, spiritus, anima, werden verstanden." + +In Plate 13. the father's mouth may well be "of a preternatural wideness" +as he swallows the son; and in Plate 14. undergoes a sudorific in a +curiously-furnished bedchamber. In Plate 15. the three are seated upon one +throne. The stone is found. They also will find it who strictly follow Dr. +Lambspring's directions, as given in a rhyming preface. Only one ingredient +is left out of the prescription: + + "Denn es ist nur ein Ding allein, + Drinn alls verborgn ist ins gemein. + Daran solt ihr gar nicht verzagen, + Zeit und Geduld müst ihr dran wagen." + +What is it? + +H. B. C. + +U. U. Club. + + * * * * * + +THE BELLMAN AT NEWGATE. + +(Vol. i., p. 152.; Vol. iii., pp. 324. 377. 451. 485.: and see _Continental +Watchmen_, Vol. iv., pp. 206. 356.) + +Formerly it was, according to a very ancient custom, the practice on the +night preceding the execution of condemned criminals, for the bellman of +the parish of St. Sepulchre to go under Newgate, and, ringing his bell, to +repeat the following verses, as a piece of friendly advice, to the unhappy +wretches under sentence of death: + + "All you that in the condemn'd hold do lie, + Prepare you, for to-morrow you shall die. + Watch all and pray, the hour is drawing near, + That you before the Almighty must appear. + Examine well yourselves, in time repent, + That you may not to eternal flames be sent. + And when St. Sepulchre's bell to-morrow tolls, + The Lord have mercy on your souls! + Past twelve o'clock!" + +The following extract from Stowe's _Survey of London_, p. 125. of the +quarto edition, printed 1618, will prove that the above verses ought to be +repeated by a clergyman instead of a bellman: + + "Robert Doue, citizen and merchant taylor, of London, gave to the + parish of St. Sepulchre's the sum of 50l. That after the several + sessions of London, when the prisoners remain in the gaole, as + condemned men to death, expecting execution on the morrow following; + the clarke (that is the parson) of the church shoold come in the night + time, and likewise early in the morning, to the window of the prison + where they lye, and there ringing certain tolls with a hand-bell + appointed for the purpose, he doth afterwards (in most Christian + manner) put them in mind of their present condition, and ensuing + execution, desiring them to be prepared therefore, as they ought to be. + When they are in the cart, and brought before the wall of the church, + there he standeth ready with the same bell. And after certain tolls + rehearseth an appointed prayer, desiring all the people there present + to pray for them. The beadle also of Merchant Taylors' Hall hath an + honest stipend allowed to see that it is duely done." + +This note is an extract from the _Romance of the Forum_, vol. ii. p. 268. + +J. W. FARRER. + +{566} + + * * * * * + +HERBERT'S "CHURCH PORCH." + +(Vol. ix., p. 173.) + +I venture the following as the meaning of the curious stanza in George +Herbert's _Church Porch_, referred to by your correspondent S. SINGLETON: + + "God made me one man; love makes me no more, + Till labor come and make my weakness score." + +If you are single, give all you have to the service of God. But do not be +anxious to make the gift larger by toil: for God only requires that which +is suitable to the position in which He has placed you. He bestows a +certain "estate" upon every man as He bestows life: let both be dedicated +to Him. For if you give first yourself, and then what He has given you, +this is sufficient; you need not try to be more rich, that you may be more +charitable. But if you choose a life of labour to gain an "estate" beyond +the original position assigned to you in the providence of God, then you +must reckon yourself responsible for the "one man" which God "made" you, +and for _the other_ which you make yourself besides. + +I conceive the stanza to be a recommendation of the contemplative life with +poverty, in preference to the active life with riches. + +J. H. B. + + * * * * * + +ANCIENT USAGES OF THE CHURCH. + +(Vol. ix., pp. 127. 257.) + +As your well-known correspondent from Clyst St. George has addressed an +inquiry to you on this subject, it may not be uninteresting to some of your +readers to learn that the practice of kneeling at funerals still exists in +this neighbourhood. On a cold December day have I seen men, women, and +children bend the knee on the bare sod, during the Lord's and the other +prayers used in the outdoor portion of our service, not rising till the +valedictory grace concluded the service. Indeed, I have never known (at +least the _majority_ of) those attending our funerals here, omit this old +custom. + +That of dressing graves with flowers, at Easter and Whitsuntide, prevails +here as in Wales: and the older folks still maintain the ancient practice +of an obeisance as often as the Gloria occurs during the ordinary services. +The last railful of communicants are also in the habit of remaining in +their place at the altar rails till the service is concluded; but whether +these observances are widely spread, or merely local, I have not had +sufficient opportunity to judge. + +J. T. P. + +Dewchurch Vicarage. + +At the church of South Stoke, near Arundel, I have heard the clerk respond +after the Gospel: "Thanks be to God for the Holy Gospel." + +At Southwick, near Brighton, the rector was wont (about four years since) +to stand up at the "Glory" in the Litany. + +The Bishop of London believes bowing the head when the doxology, or +ascription of praise, is pronounced, to be a novelty in our Church (Letter +to the Knightsbridge Churchwarden, March 28, 1854). I remember an old woman +regularly attending the services of Exeter Cathedral, who was wont always +to curtsy at the "Glory." And in _The Guardian_ of April 25, W. G. T. +alludes to a parish in Staffordshire where the custom prevails. And A. W. +says: + + "In the western counties of England there are many parishes where the + custom of bowing at the 'Gloria' has been universally observed by the + poor from time immemorial. I could mention parishes in Worcestershire + or Herefordshire where it has always prevailed." + +It should be observed, that the custom is not to bow at the "Glory" only, +but whenever, in the course of the service, the names of the Three Persons +of the Blessed Trinity are mentioned. See Isaiah, vi. 2, 3. + +I have heard sermons commenced in the name of the Holy Trinity, and ended +with "the Glory," the preacher repeating the former part and the +congregation the latter. I believe this is agreeable to very ancient use. +Can any one say whether it has anywhere been retained in our own Church? + +J. W. HEWETT. + +The custom of Lincolnshire mentioned by MR. ELLACOMBE as observed by his +two parishioners at Bitton had its origin doubtless in the first rubric to +the Order for the Administration of the Lord's Supper in our Book of Common +Prayer, which enjoins that-- + + "So many as intend to be partakers of the Holy Communion, shall signify + their names to the Curate at least some time the day before." + +On this Bishop Wilson remarks: + + "It is with great reason that the Church has given this order; + wherefore do not neglect it." + + "You will have the comfort of knowing, either that your Pastor hath + nothing to say against you, or, if he has, you will have the benefit of + his advice: and a good blessing will attend your obedience to the + Church's orders." + +GEORGE E. FRERE. + +_Reverence to the Altar_ (Vol. vi., p. 182.).--Statute XI. Such obeisance +was always made in the college to which I belonged, at Oxford, to the +Provost by every scholar, and by the Bible clerks when they proceeded from +their seats to the eagle lectern, to read the lessons of the day. + +I. R. R. + +_Separation of the Sexes in Church._--It was the custom a few years ago +(and I have every reason {567} to believe it to be so at present), for the +men to sit on one side of the aisle, and the women on the other, in the +church of Grange, near Armagh, in the north of Ireland. No one remembered +the introduction of the custom. + +ABHBA. + +_Standing while the Lord's Prayer is read_ (Vol. ix., pp. 127. 257.).--The +congregation of the English Episcopal Chapel at Dundee stood during the +reading of the Lord's Prayer, the Ten Commandments, and the Song of the +Angels at the birth of Christ, when these occur in the order of morning +lessons. This congregation joined that of the Scottish Episcopalians +several years ago, and whether the practice is continued in the present +congregation I cannot say. + +In St. Paul's Chapel, Edinburgh, York Place, the congregation stand at the +reading of the Ten Commandments in the fifth chapter of Deuteronomy, and +they chant "Glory be to thee, O God," on the giving out of the Gospel, and +"Thanks be to thee, O God," &c., after the reading of it. In the Communion +they sit during the reading of the Exhortation, "Dearly Beloved in the +Lord;" and it is but very lately that they have stood when repeating "Glory +be to God on high," &c., in the Post Communion. + +HENRY STEPHENS. + +In Durham Cathedral, on Sept. 5, 1850, at the Anniversary of the Sons of +the Clergy, the congregation rose simultaneously on the occurrence of the +Lord's Prayer in the lesson. I remember also that the same custom was +observed at Trinity Church, Chelsea, during the incumbency of the Rev. +Henry Blunt. Where the Bidding Prayer enjoined by the 55th Canon is used +(that, by-the-way, being the only authorised pulpit prayer), it is usual I +believe for the people to stand during the Lord's Prayer; the preacher then +teaching us to pray as our Lord taught His disciples. The short doxology at +the end of the Gospel, to which MR. ELLACOMBE refers at p. 257., is common +in the north of England. + +E. H. A. + +This custom prevails generally in the Episcopalian churches in Scotland; +and our congregations also stand up while the Commandments are read in +course of the lessons. We have also the practice of singing, after the +Gospel: "Thanks be to thee, O Lord, for this thy Holy Gospel!" + +BALIVUS. + +Edinburgh. + +This is the practice on the reading of this prayer in the second lesson at +the parish church of Edgbaston, near Birmingham. It is probably a remanet +of the ancient practice in the Church, not only to stand up during the +reading of the Gospel, but throughout the whole service, as symbolic of the +resurrection of Christ--the Lord's Day; which still exists in the Greek +Church, and may be witnessed any Sunday in London, on visiting the recent +edifice in London Wall. + +T. J. BUCKTON. + +Birmingham. + +The custom is observed in St. Thomas' Church. + +W. HAZEL. + +Portsmouth. + +At Exeter Cathedral the people _kneel_ whenever the Lord's Prayer is read +in the lesson. + +J. W. HEWETT. + +_Tolling the Bell on leaving Church_ (Vol. ix., pp. 125. 311, 312.).--In +this parish a bell is always rung on the conclusion of the morning service, +to give notice that a sermon will be given at the evening service. This +bell, which a very respectable old man, who was parish clerk here for +fifty-four years, called the "sermon bell," is never tolled unless there is +a second service. If at any time the morning service is not performed, the +bell is tolled at twelve o'clock at noon to inform the parishioners that an +evening service will take place. A bell is also rung at eight and nine +o'clock on Sunday, or any other morning when morning prayer is said. + +The custom of ringing the church bell on Shrove Tuesday, as mentioned by +NEWBURIENSIS (Vol. ix., p. 324.), is observed here too, and is generally +called "the pancake bell." + +C. F. P. + +Normanton-upon-Soar, Notts. + +I am disposed to agree in opinion with E. W. I. as to this custom, not only +as regards the priests, but the people also, for in most country parishes +it is the signal for the baker--who usually cooks the Sunday's dinner of +the humbler classes--to open his oven: and I have often heard old folks +speak of it as "the pudding bell." + +G. TAYLOR. + +Reading. + +The object is to announce that another service is to follow, either in the +afternoon or evening, as the case may be. Here the tolling is, not as the +congregation are leaving the church, but at one o'clock. + +WM. HAZEL. + +Portsmouth. + +E. W. I., in his answer to this Query in Vol. ix., p. 312., refers to the +custom of tolling the church bell at eight o'clock on Sunday morning, and +again at nine. This custom is followed at the chapel of ease (at +Maidenhead) to the parishes of Bray and Cookham. + +NEWBURIENSIS. + +"The pudding bell," as country folks sometimes call it (under the +impression that its use is to warn those at home to get the dinner ready), +is still rung in some of the old Lancashire parish churches as the +congregation go out. But as in this county parish churches are scarce, and +two full services quite a matter of course, W. S.'s {568} reason cannot +apply here. I remember well the custom of the congregations _kneeling_ when +the Lord's Prayer occurred in the lesson; it was left off in my own church +about thirty years since, this custom, curtseying at the "Gloria," and some +others, being considered _ignorant_, and therefore discountenanced by those +who knew better. + +P. P. + +_Arch-priest in the Diocese of Exeter_ (Vol. ix., pp. 105. 185.).--A +question has been asked: "Does a dignity or office, such as rector of +Haccombe, exist in the Anglican Church?" I find something similar in the +case of the vicar of Newry, who is entirely free from ecclesiastical +control; he holds his appointment from the ex-officio rector (Lord +Kilmony), who derives his title from the original patent granted by Edward +VI. to his Irish Marshal Sir Nicholas Pagnall, who, on the dissolution of +the "Monasterium Nevoracense," obtained possession of the land attached, +and was farther granted: + + "That he shall have all and singular, and so many and the like courts + leet, frank pledge, law days, rights, jurisdictions, liberties, + privileges, &c. &c., in as large, ample, and beneficial a manner as any + abbot, prior, convent, or other chief, head, or governor of the late + dissolved monastery heretofore seized, held or enjoyed," &c. + +The seal of the ancient charter, on which is inscribed the legend, +"Sigillum exemptæ jurisdictionis de virido ligno alias Newry et Mourne," is +still used in the courts. A mitred abbot in his albe, sitting in his chair, +supported by two yew-trees, is also engraved on it; to perpetuate (it is +said) the tradition that these trees had been planted by St. Patrick in the +vicinity of the convent. + +N. C. ATKINSON. + +85. Waterloo Road, Dublin. + +_Holy-loaf Money_ (Vol. ix., pp. 150. 256.).--In Normandy and Brittany, and +probably in other Roman Catholic countries, bread is blessed by the +officiating priest during the performance of high mass, and handed round in +baskets to the congregation by the inferior officers of the church. On +inquiring into the meaning of this custom, I was told that it represented +the _agapæ_ of the primitive church; and that, before the first revolution, +every substantial householder in the parish was bound in turn to furnish +the loaves, or a money equivalent. It is now, I believe, a voluntary gift +of the more devout parishioners, or furnished out of the ordinary revenues +of the church. + +HONORÉ DE MAREVILLE. + +Guernsey. + + * * * * * + +POPIANA. + +(Vol. ix., p. 445.) + +In MR. HARRY LEROY TEMPLE'S _Popiana_, allusion is made to Pope's +_Imitation of Horace_, Second Satire, Book I., and the question is asked, +In what modern editions of Pope is this Imitation to be found? It is in +Warton's edition, and also in the Aldine edition published by Pickering. It +appeared to me (as to Bowles, Roscoe, Mr. Cary, and others) too glaringly +indecent for a popular edition of Pope. The poet never acknowledged it; he +published it as "Imitated in the manner of Mr. Pope," but it is a genuine +production. See note in my edition of Pope, vol. iv. p. 300. + +MR. TEMPLE says,-- + + "Roscoe and Croly give _four_ poems on _Gulliver's Travels_. Why does + Mr. Carruthers leave out the third? His edition appears to contain + (besides many additions) all that all previous editors have admitted, + with the exception of the _third_ Gulliver poem, the sixteen additional + verses to Mrs. Blount on leaving town, the verses to Dr. Bolton, and a + fragment of eight lines (perhaps by Congreve); which last three are to + be found in Warton's edition." + +The _third_ Gulliver poem was not published with the others by Pope in the +_Miscellanies_. It should, however, have been inserted, as it is +acknowledged by Pope in his correspondence with Swift. The omission must be +set down as an editorial oversight, to be remedied in the next edition. The +verses on Dr. Bolton are assuredly _not_ Pope's; they are printed in Aaron +Hill's _Works_, 1753. See a copious note on this subject in "N. & Q.," Vol. +vii., p. 113. The two other omissions noticed by MR. TEMPLE (with others +unnoticed by him, as the parody on the First Psalm, &c.) were dictated by +the same feeling that prompted the exclusion of the _Imitation of Horace_. +In several of Pope's letters, preserved at Maple Durham, are grossly +indecent and profane passages, which he omitted himself in his printed +correspondence, and which are wholly unfit for publication. The same +oblivion should be extended to his unacknowledged poetical sins. + +R. CARRUTHERS. + +Inverness. + + * * * * * + +CATHOLIC FLORAL DIRECTORIES + +(Vol. viii., p.585.): _Anthologia Borealis et Australis; Florilegium +Sanctarum Aspirationum_. + +Since I last wrote, I have not succeeded in unravelling the mystery which +envelops these two works; but I have gotten some clue to it, for which I am +indebted to the extreme courtesy and kindness of two correspondents. + +One of these gentlemen informs me that the _Anthologia_ is quoted at p. +280. of Dr. Forster's work on the Atmosphere: London, 1823. My {569} second +correspondent writes to say, "If you can procure the _Circle of the +Seasons_, by Dr. Forster, published in 1830, you will there find very +copious extracts from the books in question." Before we go any farther I +would ask, _is_ Dr. Forster the author of this book? The copy I have met +with in a public library is anonymous, and is thus entitled: _The Circle of +the Seasons, and Perpetual Key to the Calendar and Almanac_: London, Thomas +Hookham, 1828, pp. 432. 12mo. It is a valuable book, and forms a complete +Catholic Floral Directory. Though the _Anthologia_ and the _Florilegium_ +are lavishly quoted, no references are given save the bare names. + +It is easy to see why Mr. Weale, the "compiler" of the _Catholic Florist_, +declined giving the information requested. The quotations in question are +all _second-hand_ from the _Circle of the Seasons_. The very preface of the +_Florist_ is not original; the most valuable part of it (commencing at p. +11.) I have discovered to be a verbatim reprint from _The Truthteller_, or, +rather, from Hone's _Every-Day Book_, vol. i. pp. 103. 303., where some +extracts are given from the contributions to this periodical from a +correspondent with the signature _Crito_. These quotations in Hone first +drew my attention to _The Truthteller_, and I advertised for it, but +without success. It was edited, I believe, by Thomas Andrews. I have met +with the second series of this periodical, published in London in 1825, and +I should be glad to get the whole of it.[1] + +In Forster's _Perennial Calendar_, London, 1824, the _Anthologia_ is quoted +at pp. 101. 108. 173. 211. 265. 295.: one of these passages is requoted in +Hone, vol. i. p. 383. I may here remark that this work of Hone's is +furnished with a _Floral Directory_. + +I feel rather piqued, both on my own account and for the honour of "N. & +Q.," at being baffled by two English books, and I am somewhat surprised +that thirty years should have elapsed without any inquiry having been made +respecting the remarkable quotations adduced by Dr. Forster. The Queries I +now propose are: Who was the compiler of the _Circle of the Seasons_? Are +the _Anthologia_ and the _Florilegium_ quoted in any works previous to +Forster's time? + +EIRIONNACH. + +P.S.--Can I get a copy of the _Catholic Friend_, which is referred to in +the preface of the _Catholic Florist_ as a scarce and valuable work; and +also a copy of the _Catholic Instructor_: London, 1844? + +March, 1854. + +[Footnote 1: [_The Truthteller_ was discontinued at the end of vol. i. The +first number was published Sept. 25, 1824, and the last on Sept. 17, 1825. +The publisher and editor, W. A. Andrews, closes his labours with the +following remarks: "Having given _The Truthteller_ a year's trial, we feel +ourselves called upon, as a matter of justice to our family, to discontinue +it as a newspaper. The negligence of too many of our subscribers, in not +discharging their engagements to us, and the indifference of others of the +Catholic body, to support the vindicator of their civil and religious +principles, leave us no alternative but that of dropping it as a newspaper, +or carrying it on at a loss." Only two of Crito's papers on Botany were +given in _The Truthteller_, viz. in No. 15., p. 115., and No. 16., p. 123. +He probably continued them in _The Catholic Friend_, also published by W. +A. Andrews. + +The following extract from a letter signed F., and dated Jan. 4, 1825, +given in _The Truthteller_, vol. i. No. 16. p. 126., recommends the +publication, among other works, of a "CATHOLIC CALENDAR. There should also +be a Catholic Calendar, something like _The Perennial Calendar_, but more +portable, and fuller of religious information, in which, under each saint, +his or her particular virtues, intelligence, good works, or martyrdom, +should be succinctly set forth, so as to form a sort of calendar of human +triumphs, such as is recommended by Mr. Counsellor Basil Montagu in his +Essays." In a note the writer adds, "This I believe will soon be +undertaken." This letter seems to have been written by Dr. Forster.--ED.]] + +Thanks to MR. PINKERTON, I am enabled to turn my surmise into certainty, +and have the pleasure of clearing up a literary _hoax_, which has, it +seems, passed without challenge till my note of interrogation appeared in +these pages. The _Anthologia_ and the _Florilegium_ are purely imaginary +titles for certain pieces in prose and verse, the production of Dr. +Forster, and have no existence save in the _Circle of the Seasons_. + +In the Autobiography of the eccentric Doctor--which is entitled _Recueil de +ma Vie, mes Ouvrages et mes Pensées: Opuscule Philosophique_, par Thomas +Ignace Marie Forster: Bruxelles, 1836--at p. 55. he enumerates the +_Anthologia_ and _Florilegium_ among his "Pièces Fugitives," and ends the +list in the following words: + + "Encore je me confesse d'avoir écrit toutes ces essais détachés dans le + _Perennial Calendar_, auxquels j'ai attaché quelques signatures, ou + plus proprement des lettres, comme A. B. S. R. etc." + +In the solitude of his garden at Hartwell he conceived the idea of making a +Floral Directory, which he eventually carried out, and published under the +title of the _Circle of the Seasons_. See p. 21. + +MR. PINKERTON has most kindly lent me a rare and privately-printed book of +Forster's, entitled _Harmonia Musarum, containing Nugæ Cantabrigenses, +Florilegium Sanctæ Aspirationis, and Anthologia Borealis et Australis_, +chiefly from a College Album, edited by Alumnus Cantabrigensis (N.B. Not +published): 1843, pp. 144, 8vo. + +The preface is signed T. F., and is dated "Bruges, Sept. 15, 1843." In it +he says: + + "The harmony of the Muses has been divided into three parts--the first + being the _Nugæ Cantab_. The {570} second contains the sacred subjects, + hymns, &c., written chiefly by a relation, and formerly collected under + the title of _Florilegium Sanctæ Aspirationis_. The third consists + merely of a small collection of Latin verses selected by some student, + with occasional notes from the rest, and called _Fragments from North + and South_: they have, many at least, been printed before." + +It is impossible to give an idea of this extraordinary Olla; we have in it +pieces of Porson, Gray, and Byron, &c., Cowper's _John Gilpin_, and +Coleridge's _Devil's Walk_; at p. 19. we have "Spring Impromptu, found +among some old papers," with the signature "N." attached, which turns out +to be Gray on the "Pleasures of Vicissitude." I regret to say that this +volume contains much that is coarse and offensive, which is the less +excusable, and the more surprising, as coming from the author of the very +beautiful and devotional pieces published in the _Circle of the Seasons_. + +The _Florilegium_ and the _Anthologia_ of the _Circle_ have little in +common with their namesakes in the _Harmonia_, which latter contain poems +by Southwell, Byron, Gray, Hogg, Porson, Jortin, &c., but none of Forster's +prose pieces, which form so large a portion of the other _Florilegium_ and +_Anthologia_. Dr. Forster's life would make a very entertaining biography, +and I should be glad to know more about him, whether he be yet alive, what +books he printed at Bruges, &c.[2] + +In concluding this matter, I beg to return my best thanks to MR. PINKERTON +for the valuable information he so freely imparted to me, and the handsome +manner in which he placed it at my disposal. + +[Footnote 2: Dr. Forster was born in London in 1789, of an ancient Catholic +family; he was himself a Protestant until the year 1835, when it appears +that he became a convert to the Church of Rome: at the same time he +received the additional names of Ignatius Maria. It is most probable that +he is yet alive and in Belgium, where he has resided for many years. The +Editor of "N. & Q." has kindly sent me a list from the Catalogue of the +British Museum, of some four and thirty works by Dr. Forster. There is, +however, another book by Dr. Forster not contained in the Museum list, +_Onthophilos, ou Les Derniers Entretiens d'un Philosophe Catholique_ +(Brussels?), 1836.] + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CORRESPONDENCE. + +_Mr. Lyte's New Instantaneous Process._--I beg to communicate to you a new +process in photography, which is by far the most rapid I believe yet +discovered, and combines at the same time great stability. It has been the +result of a great many experiments on my part, and even now I am hardly +prepared to say that it is brought to its fullest perfection; but it +suffices to say that it is sufficiently rapid to give pictures of the waves +of the sea in motion with perfect sharpness, and ships sailing at ten knots +an hour, and puttling up and down at the same time, and all with a +landscape lens. By it also, and by the same lens, we may take instantaneous +portraits. The process is as follows:--After the plate, prepared with the +collodion and sensitised with the nitrate bath, as I have described in one +of your former Numbers, is taken from the bath, I pour over it a solution +composed as follows: + + 1. Take-- + Nitrate of silver 200 grains. + Distilled water 6 ounces. + Iodide of silver, as much as will dissolve. + Mix and filter. + + 2. Take-- + Grape sugar or honey 8 ounces. + Water 6 ounces. + Alcohol 1 ounce. + Mix, dissolve, and filter. + +And when required for use, mix equal parts of these solutions, and pour +them over the plate. The plate is to be allowed to drain; and then, when +placed in the frame, is ready for the camera, and is easily impressed as a +deep negative by a Ross's landscape lens instantaneously. To develop, I use +always the same agents as I have before specified. One or two cautions are +to be observed in this process. First, the grape-sugar or honey must be +quite pure, and free from any _strong_ acid re-action; and, secondly, these +substances are much improved by a long exposure to the air, by which the +oxidation of them is commenced, and the result made much more certain and +effective. However, I find that the addition of the least possible quantity +of nitric acid has the same effect; but nothing is so good as long exposure +of the sugar or honey, so as to become completely candied before mixing. +The sugar may as conveniently of course be mixed in the collodion as in the +bath, but in that case the keeping properties are lost, as the plate is not +thus kept longer moist than usual. If, however, the former process be used +and well conducted, the plate when sensitised may be kept for four hours at +least without injury. + +The grape sugar should be made with oxalic, and the acid removed by lime as +usual, and not with sulphuric acid, as is often done; as in the latter case +sulpho-saccharic acid is formed, which much injures the result. + +I have been trying numerous experiments in this line, and I think I have +almost hit upon another and quite new and instantaneous process; but as it +is only in embryo, I will not give it to you till perfect. There are of +course many other substances to be yet mixed in the bath or the collodion, +_e. g._ all the alkaloids, or indeed any of the deoxidating agents known, +and probably with good results. I am still continuing my experiments on +this head, and if I make any farther improvements I will lose no time in +communicating them to you. Some negatives taken by this means were +exhibited on Friday evening at the Royal Institution, and were much +admired. + +F. MAXWELL LYTE. + + [By MR. LYTE'S kindness, who has shown us a number of the pictures + taken by this new process, we {571} are enabled to hear our testimony + to its beautiful results. We are glad to learn also, that there is a + probability that the admirers of photography may soon be enabled to + purchase specimens of the productions of this accomplished amateur, who + is about to return to the Pyrenees for the purpose of securing + photographic views of the splendid scenery and various objects of + interest which are to be found there.--ED. "N. & Q."] + +_Photographs, &c. of the Crystal Palace._--All who have visited the +Photographic Institution, in New Bond Street, must have admired the large +photographic views of the Crystal Palace, from collodion negatives taken by +MR. DELAMOTTE, who, combining the taste of the artist with the skill of the +photographer, has succeeded in producing some most effective views of this +new Temple of Education. At Lord Rosse's soirée on Saturday last, the +closing one unfortunately of those most agreeable reunions, Mr. Williams +exhibited three daguerreotypes, taken that morning, of the ceremony of +opening the Crystal Palace, which, although only about three inches by +five, contained some hundreds of figures. The portraits of the Queen and +the brilliant cortege which surrounded her at the moment were strikingly +effective. + +_Soluble Cotton._--In answer to the observations of H. U. (Vol. ix., p. +548.), I should imagine that the nitrate of potash used was not thoroughly +dried; and consequently, the amount of water used was in excess of that +directed. The temperature should be from 120° to 130° Fahr. And +thermometers of a proper construction (with the lower part of the scale to +bend up from the bulb) can be obtained in abundance at from 1s. to 2s. 6d. +at several of the makers in Hatton Garden or elsewhere. + +GEO. SHADBOLT. + +_Cameras._--At one of the earliest meetings of the Photographic Society, I +suggested the use of papier maché as a material for the construction of +cameras, as possessing _nearly_ all the requisite qualities; but there is +one serious objection to its application to this purpose, its +_brittleness_, as a smart blow is apt to snap it like a biscuit. I think, +however, upon the whole, that if a peculiar kind of _Honduras_ mahogany, +such as is used for coach panels, is adopted, the possessor would never +desire a change. It should be as plain as a piece of deal, without the +slightest beauty of grain, which is positive detriment to a camera, from +the accompanying liability to warping. + +GEO. SHADBOLT. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Shakspeare Portrait_ (Vol. viii., p. 438.).--J. S. Smith, in his +_Nollekins and his Times_ (vol. i. p. 26.), has a passage referring to the +portrait mentioned by your correspondent: + + "Clarkson, the portrait painter, was originally a coach-panel and sign + painter; and he executed that most elaborate one of Shakspeare, which + formerly hung across the street at the north-east corner of Little + Russell Street, in Drury Lane. The late Mr. Thomas Grignon informed me, + that he had often heard his father say, that this sign cost _five + hundred pounds!_ In my boyish days it was for many years exposed for + sale for a very trifling sum, at a broker's shop in Lower Brook Street, + Grosvenor Square. The late Mr. Crace, of Great Queen Street, assured me + that it was in his early days a thing that country people would stand + and gaze at, and that that corner of the street was hardly passable." + +Edwards, in his _Anecdotes of Painters_ (p. 117.), assigns the portrait to +a different painter, Samuel Wale, R.A. His account, however, being more +minute than Smith's, is worth transcribing: + + "Mr. Wale painted some signs; the principal one was a whole-length of + Shakspeare, about five feet high, which was executed for, and displayed + before the door of a public-house, the north-west corner of Little + Russell Street, in Drury Lane. It was enclosed in a most sumptuous + carved gilt frame, and suspended by rich iron work; but this splendid + object of attraction did not hang long before it was taken down, in + consequence of the act of parliament which passed for paving, and also + for removing the signs and other obstructions in the streets of London. + Such was the total change of fashion, and the consequent disuse of + signs, that the above representation of our great dramatic poet was + sold for a trifle to Mason the broker, in Lower Grosvenor Street; where + it stood at his door for several years, until it was totally destroyed + by the weather and other accidents." + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +"_Aches_" (Vol. ix., pp. 351. 409.).--_Aches_, as a dissyllable, may be +heard any day in Shropshire: "My yead _eaches_" (my head aches) is no +uncommon complaint in reply to an inquiry about health. + +WM. FRASER, B.C.L. + +"_Waestart_" (Vol. ix., p. 349.).--The querist, I humbly presume, is not a +Yorkshireman himself; or, probably, he would have at once resolved +_waestart_ into the ungrammatical but natural inquiry, "Where ist' +'art"--_ist'_ meaning _are you_, _thou_ being vulgarly used for you; the +_h_ is elided in _hurt_, the _u_ in _'urt_ being pronounced as _a_, +changing the vowel, as is very common among the illiterate. For instance, +church is often called _ch_a_rch_ by those who live a little to the +north-west; and person, where the _e_ is almost equivalent to the soft _u_ +in sound, is made into _p_a_rson_! + +L. J. + +_Willow Bark in Ague_ (Vol. ix., p. 452.).--In the _Philosophical +Transactions_ (1835?) is a memoir by the Rev. E. Stone, of Chipping Norton, +of the salutary effects of the bark of the Duck Willow in agues and +intermittent fevers. The author states, that being dried in an oven, and +pounded, and administered in doses of one drachm every four hours in the +intervals of the paroxysms, it soon reduces the distemper; and, except in +very severe cases, removes it entirely. With the addition of one fifth part +of Peruvian bark, it {572} becomes a specific against these disorders, and +never fails to remove them. One advantage it possesses of influencing the +patient beneficially immediately it is adopted, without the necessity of +preparation previously. It is a safe medicine, and may be taken in water or +tea. + +I copy the above from an entry in an old notebook. I imagine the Duck +Willow to be the Common White Willow (_Salix albæ vulgaris_) of Ray. + +SHIRLEY HIBBERD. + +See Pereira's _Materia Medica_: SALIX. He refers to a paper by the Rev. Mr. +Stone in the _Phil. Trans._ vol. liii. p. 195., on the efficacy of the bark +of the _Salix alba_ as a remedy for agues. See also A. T. Thomson's _London +Dispensatory_, in which is given an account of Mr. Stone's mode of +administration. + +H. J. + +_Lord Fairfax_ (Vol. ix., p. 380.).--I apprehend that there is nothing in +the reply of A FAIRFAX KINSMAN at all calculated to shake the opinion which +I expressed touching the barony of Fairfax of Cameron. The case of the +earldom of Newburgh, which your correspondent does not even mention, is, I +submit, of greater weight than all the "Peerages," and even than the Roll +of Scottish Peers. As to the Irish case--that of the Earl of Athlone--I can +but repeat my Query. Whether right or wrong, it is not binding on the +British House of Lords. The cases of the King of Hanover, the Duke of +Wellington, and Earl Nelson, are not in point. His Hanoverian Majesty is +not an alien; and though some British subjects may be recognised as peers +by foreign states, it does not follow that a foreigner can be a peer of +Britain. + +H. G. + +_The Young Pretender_ (Vol. ix., pp. 177. 231.)--The wife of the Young +Pretender was Louisa Maximiliene, the daughter of Gustavus Adolphus, Prince +of Scholberg, who was born in 1752, and married in 1772. As a widow, she +lived in Paris as the Countess of Albany, but in her drawing-room called +herself Queen of Great Britain. She was alive at the time of the death of +the Princess Charlotte (Nov. 1817). See Fisher's _Companion and Key to +History of England_, p. 333. + +O. S. + +_Dobney's Bowling-green; Wildman; Sampson_, (Vol. ix., p. 375.).--Dobney's, +or, more correctly, _D'Aubigney's_ Bowling-green, ceased to be a place of +public amusement about the year 1810. It is now occupied by a group of +houses called _Dobney's Place_, near the bottom of Penton Street. The late +Mr. Upcott had a drawing of Prospect House (as the building was called), +taken about 1780. A hand-bill of the year 1772 (in a volume formerly +belonging to Lysons) thus describes the nature of Wildman's performance: + + "_The Bees on Horseback._--Daniel Wildman rides, standing upright, one + foot on the saddle, and the other on the horse's neck, with a curious + mask of bees on his face. He also rides standing upright on the saddle, + with the bridle in his mouth, and, by firing a pistol, makes one part + of the bees march over a table, and the other part swarm in the air, + and return to their proper places again." + +Sampson, Price, Johnson, and Coningham were celebrated equestrian +performers towards the close of the last century. Astley was the pupil of +Sampson, and his successor in agility. Bromley, in his _Catalogue of +Engraved Portraits_, mentions a folio engraving of Sampson, without date or +engraver's name. It is hardly likely that any life of him was published. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +_Palæologus_ (Vol. ix., p. 312.).--Your readers will find, in Oldmixon's +_West Indies_, a later notice of the strange descent and fortunes of this +once illustrious family. From Cornwall they appear to have settled in +Barbadoes, where it is very possible that with mutilated name the family +may yet be found among the "poor whites" (many among them of ancient +lineage) of that island. + +B. + +_Children by one Mother._--In Vol. ix., p. 186., I. R. R., in reply to a +Query in Vol. v., p. 126.--"If there be any well-authenticated instance of +a woman having had more than twenty-five children?"--sends an account of a +case, which he "firmly believes" to be authenticated, of a farmer's wife +who had thirty. I now send you a much better authenticated case of +_polyprogenitiveness_, which utterly throws the farmer's wife into the +shade. + +In Palazzo Frescobaldi, in this city, the ancient residence of the old +Florentine family of that name, there is, among many other family +portraits, one full-length picture of a tall and good-looking lady with +this inscription beneath it: "Dianora Salviati, moglie di Bartolomeo +Frescobaldi, fece cinquantadue figli, mai meno che tre per parto" (Dianora +Salviati, wife of Bartolomeo Frescobaldi, gave birth to fifty-two sons, and +never had less than three at a birth). The case is referred to by Gio. +Schenchio, in his work _Del Parto_, at p. 144. + +The Essex lady, as well as I should suppose all other ladies whatsoever, +must hide their diminished heads in presence of this noble dame of +Florence. + +T. A. T. + +Florence. + +_Robert Brown the Separatist_ (Vol. ix., p. 494.).--MR. CORNER will +probably find an answer to his question in the _History of Stamford_, by W. +Harrod (1785), and in Blore's _History of the County of Rutland_, 1813, +fol.; Bawden's _Survey_, 1809, 4to.; Wright's _History of Rutlandshire_, +1687 and 1714. The last descendant of Robert Brown died on Sept. 17, 1839, +æt. sixty-nine, widow of George, third Earl of Pomfret; and as she had no +issue, her house and estate at Toltrop {573} (_i. e._ Tolthorp), in +Rutlandshire, about two miles from Stamford in Lincolnshire, probably +passed to his heir and brother Thomas William, the fourth earl. + +At the time of her marriage, her servants (as was believed by orders from +their mistress) _persevered_ in chiming the only _two_ bells of the parish +church, to the hazard and annoyance of the vicar's wife, just confined of +her first child in a room hardly a stone's throw from it. His pupils were +so indignant, that they drove away the offenders and took the clappers out +of the bells: and the son of a near neighbour, then a member of St. John's +College, Cambridge (Thos. Foster, A.B., 1792), made it the subject of a +mock-heroic poem of some merit, called the _Brunoniad_ (London, 1790, +printed by Kearsley). So few copies were printed, that the queen and +princesses could not procure one; and a lady employed at Court requested a +young friend of hers, resident at Stamford, to make a transcript of it for +their use. This your present note-writer can aver, as the transcriber was a +sister of + +ANAT. + +_Hero of the "Spanish Lady's Love"_ (Vol. ix., p. 305.).--Concerning the +origin of this interesting old ballad, the following communication appeared +in _The Times_ of May 1, 1846. It is dated from Coldrey, Hants, and signed +Charles Lee: + + "The hero of this beautiful ballad was my ancestor, Sir John Bolle of + Thorpe Hall, Lincolnshire, of most ancient and loyal family, and father + of that Colonel Bolle who fell in Alton Church, whilst fighting against + the rebels in December, 1643. Of the truth of this I am prepared to + give the curious in these matters the most abundant evidence, but the + space which the subject would occupy would necessarily exclude it from + your columns. + + "The writer of the paper in the _Edinburgh_ says:--'Had the necklace + been still extant, the preference would have been due to Littlecot.' + The necklace is still extant, in the possession of a member of my + family, and in the house whence I write. In Illingworth's + _Topographical Account of Scampton, with Anecdotes of the Family of + Bolles_, it is stated: 'The portrait of Sir John, drawn in 1596, at the + age of thirty-six years, having on the gold chain given him by the + Spanish Lady, &c., is still in the possession of his descendant, Capt. + Birch.' + + "That portrait is now in the possession of Capt. Birch's successor, + Thomas Bosvile Bosvile, Esq., of Ravensfield Park, Yorkshire, my + brother, and may be seen by any one. I will only add another extract + from Illingworth's _Scampton_:--'On Sir John Bolle's departure from + Cadiz, the Spanish Lady sent as presents to his wife, a profusion of + jewels and other valuables, amongst which was her portrait drawn in + green; plate, money, and other treasure. Some articles are still in + possession of the family; though her picture was unfortunately, and by + accident, disposed of about half a century since. This portrait being + drawn in green, gave occasion to her being called, in the neighbourhood + of Thorpe Hall, the Green Lady; where, to this day, there is a + traditionary superstition among the vulgar, that Thorpe Hall was + haunted by the Green Lady, who used nightly to take her seat in a + particular tree near the mansion.' In Illingworth there is a long and + full account of the Spanish Lady, and the ballad is given at length." + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +_Niagara_ (Vol. vii., pp. 50. 137.).--Let me add one other authority of +comparatively recent date on Goldsmith's side of the _vexata quæstio_, +about the pronunciation of this name: + + "And we'd take verses out to Demerara, + To New South Wales, and up to Niagara." + Proëme to _The Monks and the Giants_, by + William and Robert Whistlecraft, _i. e._ + John Hookham Frere. + +BALLIOLENSIS. + +_Hymn attributed to Handel_ (Vol. ix., p. 303.).--I do not understand +whether MR. STORER'S Query refers to the _words_ or _music_ of this hymn. +If to the former, it is most assuredly not Handel's. It is strange that the +church does not possess one _genuine_ psalm or hymn tune of this mighty +master, although he certainly composed several. The popular melody called +_Hanover_, usually attributed to Handel, was printed in the _Supplement to +the New Version of Psalms_ (a collection of tunes) in 1703. Handel did not +arrive in England till 1710. It is improbable, from many circumstances, +that he composed this grand melody. It was probably the work of Dr. Croft. + +D'Almaine, the eminent music-seller of Soho Square, published some years +back-- + + "Three Hymns, the Words by the late Rev. Charles Wesley, A.M., of + Christ Church College, Oxon; and set to music by George Frederick + Handel, faithfully transcribed from his autography in the Library of + the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, by Samuel Wesley, and now very + respectfully presented to the Wesleyan Society at large." + +Among my musical autographs is one which, as it relates to the foregoing +publication, I transcribe: + + "The late comedian Rich, who was the most celebrated harlequin of his + time, was also the proprietor of Covent Garden Theatre, during the + period that Handel conducted his oratorios at that house. He married a + person who became a serious character, after having formerly been a + very contrary one; and who requested Handel to set to music the _Three + Hymns_ which I transcribed in the Fitzwilliam Library from the + autography, and published them in consequence. + + S. WESLEY. + Monday, March 30, 1829." + +The first lines of the hymns are as follows: 1. Sinners, obey the Gospel +Word. 2. O Love divine, how sweet thou art! 3. Rejoice! the Lord is King. + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +{574} + +_Marquis of Granby_ (Vol. ix., pp. 127. 360.).--In a critique which +appeared in the _Quarterly Review_ for January or April, 1838, on Dickens's +earlier works, it is stated that Sumpter, a discharged soldier of the royal +regiment of Horse Guards, opened a public-house at Hounslow, having as its +sign "The Marquis of Granby," which was the first occasion of the marquis's +name appearing on the sign-board of a public-house. This note appeared in +reference to the public-house kept at Dorking by Mrs. Weller, the "second +wentur" of Tony Weller, father of the immortal Samivel, of that ilk. + +John, Marquis of Granby, was colonel of the royal regiment of Horse Guards +from May 13, 1758, to his decease, which occurred Oct. 19, 1770, and was +justly considered the soldier's friend. (See Captain Packer's _History of +the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards_, p. 95.) Mr. Dickens, in his +description of the sign-board at Dorking, has arrayed the marquis in the +uniform, not of the regiment, but of a general officer: he states,-- + + "On the opposite side of the road was a sign-board representing the + head and shoulders of a gentleman with an apoplectic countenance, in a + red coat, with deep blue facings, and a touch of the same over his + three-cornered hat for a sky. Over that, again, were a pair of flags, + and beneath the last button of his coat were a couple of cannon; and + the whole formed an expressive and undoubted likeness of the Marquis of + Granby of glorious memory." + +Witty, I admit, but that "touch of the same" (blue _facings_?) for a sky is +ambiguous. _Brevis esse laboro, obscurus fio._ + +The uniform of the royal regiment of Horse Guards, from 1758 to 1770, +consisted of a dark blue coatee, with red facings, red breeches, jacked +boots, and three-cornered hats bound with gold lace. + +G. L. S. + +_Convocation and the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel_ (Vol. +viii., p. 100.).--The Archdeacon of Stafford, in his last visitation +charge, at Stafford, May 23, 1854, said of Convocation: + + "He was not aware that the two venerable societies, The Society for the + Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts, and The Society for + Promoting Christian Knowledge, owed their existence to it." + +Atterbury, writing to Bishop Trelawny, March 15, 1700-1, says: + + "We appointed another committee, for considering the methods of + Propagating the Christian Religion in Foreign Parts, who sat the first + time this afternoon in the Chapter House of St. Paul's"--Atterbury's + _Correspondence_, vol. i. p. 88. + +Though the venerable Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign +Parts does not owe, strictly speaking, its _existence_ to Convocation, yet +it certainly is indebted to it, both for the general outline of its +operations, and also for its name. + +WM. FRASER, B.C.L. + +_Cassie_ (Vol. ix., p. 396.).--With regard to W. T. M. about _cassie_, he +will find an approximation to that word as used for _causeway_, in the old +editions of Ludlow's _Memoirs_, and others, where causeway is always spelt +_causey_. + +A. (1) + +_"Three cats sat," &c._ (Vol. ix., p.173.).--I am delighted to say that a +long course of laborious research among the antiquities of nurserydom have +enabled me to supply JULIA R. BOCKETT (I dare not venture on any prefix to +the name, for fear of doing grievous wrong in my ignorance of the lady's +civil status) with the missing canto the poem her ancient friend is so +desirous of completing. It will be seen to convey a charming lesson of +amiable sociality--admirably adapted _d'ailleurs_ to the pages of a work +which seeks to encourage "intercommunications." It runs thus: + + "Said one little cat, + To the other little cat, + If you don't speak, I must; + I must. + If you don't speak, I must." + +JULIA R. BOCKETT will doubtless feel with me, that though the antithesis +requires that the "I" should be strongly emphasised in the first case, the +sentiment expressed imperatively demands an intense force to be given to +the "must" in the second repetition. + +T. A. T. + +Florence. + +P. S.--By-the-bye, talking of cats, there is a story current, that a +certain archbishop, who sits neither at Canterbury nor York, having once, +in unbending mood, demanded of one of his clergy if he could decline "cat," +corrected the reverend catechumen, when, having arrived at the vocative +case, he gave it, "Vocative, O cat!" and declared such declension to be +wrong, and that the vocative of "cat" was "_puss_." Of course, it will be +henceforth considered so in the diocese presided over by the prelate in +question, as the gender of "carrosse" was changed throughout _la belle +France_, by a blunder of the _grand monarque_. But surely the archbishop +was as palpably wrong as the king was. At least, if he was not, we have +only the alternative of considering Shakspeare to have blundered. For, have +we not Stefano's address to poor Caliban: + + "Open your mouth; here is that which will give language to you, _cat_." + +And again, does not Lysander, somewhat ungallantly, thus apostrophise +Hermia: + + "Hang off, thou _cat_, thou burr!" + +Moreover, will not the pages of our nursery literature furnish on the other +hand abundance of {575} instances _passim_ of _puss_ used in every one of +the oblique cases, as well as in the nominative? + +_Tailless Cats_ (Vol. ix., pp. 10. 111.).--It may be interesting to your +correspondent SHIRLEY HIBBERD to know, that the Burmese breed of cats is, +like that of the Isle of Man, tailless; or, if not exactly without tails, +the tails they have are so short as to be called so merely by the extremest +courtesy. This is the only respect, however, in which they differ from +other cats. + +S. B. + +Lucknow. + +_Francklyn Household Book_ (Vol. ix., p. 422.).-- + + _Bay-salt to stop the barrels._--Before heading down a cask of salted + meat, the vacant spaces are filled up with salt. + + _Giggs and scourge-sticks._--Whip-tops, and whips for spinning them. + + _Jumballs._--A kind of gingerbread. + +JOHN P. STILWELL. + +Dorking. + +_"Violet-crowned" Athens_ (Vol. ix., p. 496.).--I have always understood +that the adoption of the _violet_ as the heraldic flower of old Athens +involved, as heraldry so often does, a pun. As you well know, the Greek for +violet is [Greek: Ion], and thence its adoption as the symbolical flower of +the chief city in Europe of the _Ion_ian race. + +CANTAB. + +_Smith of Nevis and St. Kitt's_ (Vol. ix., p. 222.).--I find by some +curious letters from an old lady, by birth a Miss Williams of Antigua, and +widow of the son of the Lieut.-Governor of Nevis, now in the possession of +a friend of mine connected with the West Indies, that the arms of that +family were--Gules, on a chevron between three bezants or, three cross +crosslets sable. And the crest, from a ducal coronet or, an Indian goat's +head argent. + +This may facilitate the search of your correspondent for the affiliation of +that family to the United Kingdom. + +B. + +_Hydropathy_ (Vol. ix., p. 395.).--"John Smith, C.M." (_i. e._ +clock-maker), of the parish of St. Augustin, London, was the author of +several pamphlets. He published in the year 1723 a treatise in +recommendation of the medicinal use of water as "a universal remedy," as +well by drinking as by applying it externally to the body. In the British +Museum there is a French translation of it, which appeared in Paris, A.D. +1725. This is a proof of the notoriety which the treatise obtained. The +tenth edition, dated "Edinburgh, 1740," contains additions communicated by +Mr. Ralph Thoresby, F.R.S., and others. In the year 1695 he published a +short treatise entitled _A designed End to the Socinian Controversy; or, a +rational and plain Discourse to prove, that no other Person but the Father +of Christ is God Most High_. This attracted the notice of the civil power, +and by order of parliament it was burnt, and the author prosecuted. (See +Wallace's _Anti-Trinitarian Biography_, vol. iii. p. 398., London, 1850.) + +N. W. S. + +_Leslie and Dr. Middleton_ (Vol. ix., p. 324.).-- + + "Middleton was one of the men who sought for twenty years some + historical facts that might conform to Leslie's four conditions, and + yet evade Leslie's logic."--_Blackwood's Magazine_, July, 1842, p. 5. + +J. O. B. + +_Lord Brougham and Horne Tooke_ (Vol. ix., p. 398.).--I have not Lord +Brougham's book before me, but I have no doubt but that Q. has missed the +meaning of his lordship. The reference would probably be to Horne Tooke's +anticipation of the strange immoral reveries of Emerson and others, that +_truth_ is entirely subjective; because the word bears etymological +relation to "to trow," to think, or believe: and so _truth_ has no +objective existence, but is merely what a man troweth. If that be an +argument, Lord Brougham would say then the law of libel would be unjust, +merely because "libel" means primarily a little book; he might have added +that, according to Horne Tooke and Mr. Emerson, if a man had been killed by +falling against a post at Charing Cross, a jury might deny the fact of the +violent death, because "post" means a place for depositing letters, and he +had not been near St. Martin's-le-grand. The remark of Lord Brougham is not +as to a fact, but is a _reductio ad absurdum_. + +W. DENTON. + +It is suggested to Q. (Bloomsbury), that Lord Brougham meant not to say +that Horne Tooke _had ever held_ or _maintained_ this strange doctrine, +"that the law of libel was unjust and absurd, because libel means a little +book," but that he _would_ have done so, or might have done so consistently +with his etymological theory, namely, that the _present_ sense of words is +to be sought in their primitive signification: _e.g._, in the _Diversions +of Purley_, vol. ii. p. 403., Horne Tooke says,-- + + "_True_, as we now write it, or _trew_, as it was formerly written, + means simply and merely that which is _trowed_; and, instead of its + being a rare commodity upon earth, except only in words, there is + nothing but truth in the world." + +If we ought _now_ to use the word truth only in this sense, then, _pari +ratione_, we ought to mean only a little book when we use the word libel. + +J. O. B. + +Thorpe. + +_Irish Rhymes_ (Vol. viii., p. 250.).--A. B. C. asks, "Will any one say it +was through ignorance {576} that he (Swift) did not sound the _g_ in +dressing?" Now I cannot tell whether or not I shall raise a nest of hornets +about my ears, but my private impression is that in doing so Swift meant to +be "more _English_ and less nice." I think it invariably strikes an +Irishman as one of the most remarkable peculiarities of the English people, +the almost constant omission of that letter from every word ending (I +should have said, if I was an Englishman, "endin'") with it. The fair sex, +I fear I must add, are, of the two, rather more decided in clippin' (_g_) +the Queen's English. + +Y. S. M. + +_Cabbages_ (Vol. ix., p. 424.).--I was aware of the passage in Evelyn's +_Acetaria_, and am anxious to know whether there is any confirmation of +that statement. Is there any other information extant as to the first +introduction of cabbages into England? + +C. H. + +_Sir William "Usher," not "Upton"_ (Vol. viii., p. 328.), was appointed +Clerk of the Council in Ireland, March 22, 1593. He was knighted by Sir +George Carey, Law Deputy, on St. James' Day, 1603; and died in 16--, having +married Isabella Loftus, eldest daughter of Adam Loftus, Archbishop of +Dublin. Of what family was he? + +Y. S. M. + +"_Buckle_" (Vol. viii., pp. 127. 304. 526.).--An awkward person, working +incautiously with a saw, will probably, to use a carpenter's phrase, +_buckle_ it; that is, give it a bend or twist which will injure its +working. + +Y. S. M. + +_Cornwall Family_ (Vol. ix., p. 304.).--John Cornwall, Esq., a director of +the Bank of England, 1769, bore the arms and crest of the ancient family of +that name of Burford, in Shropshire, of which he was a member. A full +account of this distinguished family is now preparing under their sanction. + +E. D. + +_John of Gaunt_ (Vol. ix., p. 432.).--Perhaps the best method of explaining +to Y. S. M. the unmistakeable nose of the descendants of John of Gaunt, +will be to refer him to the complete series of portraits at Badminton, +concluding with the late Duke of Beaufort. He will then comprehend what is +difficult to describe in the physiognomy of + + "That mighty line, whose sires of old + Sprang from Britain's royal blood; + All its sons were wise and bold, + All its daughters fair and good!" + +E. D. + +_"Wellesley" or "Wesley"_ (Vol. viii., pp. 173. 255.).--Your readers will +find, in Lynch's _Feudal Dignities_, the name spelt _Wellesley_ in Ireland, +so long ago as the year 1230, and continued so for several centuries at +least subsequent to that date. The Public Records also bear evidence of the +high position and great influence of the Wellesleys, not _Wesleys_, for a +lengthened period in Irish history. + +Y. S. M. + +_Mantel-piece_ (Vol. ix., pp. 302. 385.).--In old farm-houses, where the +broad, open fireplace and hearth still exist, a small curtain, or rather +valance, is often suspended from below the mantle-shelf, the object +apparently being the exclusion of draughts and smoke. May not the use of +this sort of _mantel_ have caused the part of the fireplace from which it +hangs to be called the mantel-piece? + +EDGAR MACCULLOCH. + +Guernsey. + + "MANTEL, _n. s._ (_mantel_, old French, or rather the German word + _mantel_, 'Germanis _mantel_ non pallium modo significat, sed etiam id + omne quod aliud circumdat: hinc murus arcis, atque structura quæ focum + invertit, _mantel_ ipsis dicitur.' V. Ducange in v. Mantum). Work + raised before a chimney to conceal it, whence the name, which + originally signifies a cloak."--Todd's _Johnson_. + +Richardson gives the two following quotations from Wotton: + + From them (Italians) we may better learn, both how to raise fair + _mantles_ within the rooms, and how to disguise gracefully the shafts + of chimneys abroad (as they use) in sundry forms."--_Reliquiæ + Wottonianæ_, p. 37. + + "The Italians apply it (plastick) to the _mantling_ of chimneys with + great figures, a cheap piece of magnificence."--Id. p. 63. + +ZEUS. + +_"Perturbabantur," &c._ (Vol. ix., p. 452.).--When I first learned to scan +verses, somewhere about thirty years ago, the lines produced by your +correspondent P. were in every child's mouth, with this story attached to +them. It was said that Oxford had received from Cambridge the first line of +the distich, with a challenge to produce a corresponding line consisting of +two words only. To this challenge Oxford replied by sending back the second +line, pointing out, at the same time, the false quantity in the word +"Constantin[)o]politani." + +J. SANSOM. + +The story connected with these lines current at Cambridge in my time was, +that the University of Oxford challenged the sister university to match the +first line; to which challenge the second line was promptly returned from +Cambridge by way of reply. At Oxford, I believe, the story is reversed, as +neither university is willing to own to the false quantity in +"Constantin[)o]politani." + +J. EASTWOOD, M.A. + +The classic legend attached to these two lines (and there are only two in +the legend) is that the Oxonians sent a challenge to the Cantabs to make +{577} a binomial pentameter corresponding to "Perturbabantur +Constantinopolitani." The Cantabs immediately returned the challenge by +sending "Innumerabilibus sollicitudinibus." Perhaps it is worthy of remark, +though not evident except to a Greek scholar, that the first line contains +at least _one_ false quantity, for "Constantinopol[)i]tani" must have the +antepenultima long, as being derived from [Greek: politês]. The lengthening +of the fourth syllable may perhaps have been considered as a compensation, +though rather a _præ-posterous_ one. + +CHARLES DE LA PRYME. + +I remember to have heard that the history of these two lines is as +follows:--The head of one of our public schools having a talent for +composing extraordinary verses, sent the first line, "Perturbabantur +Constantinopolitani," to a friend of his, who was at the time the captain +of another public school, asking him at the same time whether he could +compose anything like it. The answer returned was the second line, +"Innumerabilibus sollicitudinibus,"--a line, in my opinion, much superior +to the former, as well for other reasons as that it is free from any false +quantity; while, as any Greek scholar will at once find out, the +antepenultimate syllable of "Constantinopolitani" must be long, being +derived from the Greek word [Greek: politês]. + +I never heard of any more lines of the same description. + +P. A. H. + +I have always understood that once upon a time the Eton boys, or those of +some other public school, sent the hexameter verse, "Perturbabantur +Constantinopolitani," to the Winchester boys, challenging them to produce a +pentameter verse consisting of only two words, and making sense. The +Winchester boys added, "Innumerabilibus sollicitudinibus." + +WICCAMICUS. + +_Edition of "Othello"_ (Vol. ix., p. 375.).--The work inquired for, with +the astrological (the editor would have called them hieroglyphic) notes, +forms part of the third volume of the lunatic production of Mr. Robert +Deverell, which I described in "N. & Q.," Vol. ii., p. 61., entitled +_Discoveries in Hieroglyphics and other Antiquities_, 6 vols. 8vo., Lond. +1813. + +J. F. M. + +In case it would be of any use to M. A., Mr. Cole, the late lessee of the +Theatre Royal, Dublin, is now reader of plays (I think) to Mr. Kean at the +Princesses Theatre; at all events he is connected with that establishment. + +L. M. N. + +Dublin. + +_Perspective_ (Vol. ix., pp. 300. 378.).--I shall be glad of a reference to +any work on Perspective which treats satisfactorily of that part of the +subject on which I made my Note. I think if MR. FERREY will draw a lofty +building on either side of a landscape, he will not be satisfied with its +appearance, if he makes that side of it which is in the plane of the +picture perfectly rectangular. I often meet with instances in which it is +so drawn, and they produce the effect on me of a note out of time. MR. +STILWELL's observation is only partially correct. There is one position of +the eye, at a fixed distance from the picture, at which all the lines +subtend equal angles at the eye with the corresponding lines of the +original landscape. But a picture is not to be looked at from one point, +and that at, probably, an inconvenient proximity to the eye. I have before +me a print (in the _Ill. Lond. News_) of the interior of St. Paul's, of +which the dome gives about as good an idea of proportion to the building, +as the north part of Mercator's projection of the World. The whole building +is depressed and top-heavy, simply because the perspective of lines in the +plane of the picture is rectangular throughout. I have another interior (of +Winchester Cathedral, by Owen Carter), which, being drawn on the same plan, +gives the idea of a _squat tunnel_, unless looked at from one point of +view, about eight inches from the picture. I feel that drawing these +interiors so as not to offend the eye by either the excess or deficiency of +perspective, is a great difficulty. But I think something may be done in +the way of "humouring" the perspective, and approximating in our drawing to +that which we know we see. The camera has thrown light upon the subject. We +ought not to despise altogether the hints it gives us by its perhaps +exaggerated perspective, in the case of parallel lines in the plane of the +picture. I hope I may at least be able to draw out some more remarks upon a +subject which I cannot help thinking, with Mr. INGLEBY, is in an +unsatisfactory and defective state. + +G. T. HOARE. + +Tandridge. + +"_Go to Bath_" (Vol. ix., p. 421.).--I have little doubt but that this +phrase is connected with the fact of Bath's being proverbially the resort +of beggars; and what more natural, to one acquainted with this fact, than +to bid an importunate applicant betake himself thither to join his fellows? +See also Fuller's _Worthies_ (co. Somerset). + +I transcribe the passage for the benefit of those who have not the book at +hand: + + "_Beggars of Bath._--Many in that place; some natives there, others + repairing thither from all parts of the land; the poor for alms, the + pained for ease. Whither should fowl flock in a hard frost, but to the + barn-door? Here, all the two seasons, being the general confluence of + gentry. Indeed laws are daily made to restrain beggars, and daily + broken by the connivance of those who make them; it being impossible + when the hungry belly barks, and bowels sound, to keep the tongue + silent. And although oil of whip {578} be the proper plaister for the + cramp of laziness, yet some pity is due to impotent persons. In a word, + seeing there is the Lazar's-bath in this city, I doubt not but many a + good Lazarus, the true object of charity, may beg therein." + +J. EASTWOOD, M.A. + +R. R. inquires the origin of the above saying, but has forgotten the +context, viz. "and get your head shaved." I have often heard it explained +as an allusion to the fact, that, in former days, persons who showed +symptoms of insanity were sent to Bath to drink the medicinal waters; the +process of shaving the head being previously resorted to. The saying is +applied to those who either relate "crack-brained" stories, or propose +undertakings that raise a doubt as to their sanity. + +N. L. T. + +_Ridings and Chaffings_ (Vol. ix., p. 370.).--Though unable to give MR. +THOMAS RUSSELL POTTER any information respecting the "Ridings and +Chaffings" of Nottinghamshire and Leicestershire, I send the following note +of a somewhat similar custom prevalent in Oxfordshire (I never heard of it +elsewhere), thinking it may perhaps interest him and others of your +correspondents. + +I remember once, about three years ago, I was walking in Blenheim Park, +with a friend then resident at Woodstock, when suddenly the stillness of a +summer evening was broken by strange and inharmonious sounds, coming to us +across the water from the old town. The sounds grew louder and louder, and +in great surprise I appealed to my friend for an explanation; when I +learned that it was a custom in that part of the country, whenever it was +discovered that a man had been beating his wife, for the neighbours to +provide themselves with all sorts of instruments, fire-irons, kettles, and +pots, in fine, anything capable of making a noise, and proceed _en masse_ +to the house of the offender, before whose door they performed in concert, +till their indignation subsided or their arms grew weary; and that the +noise we then heard was the distant sound of such music. + +I do not know if my friend gave any name to this practice; if he did, I +have since forgotten it. Doubtless, some of your Oxford readers can assist +me. + +R. V. T. + +Mincing Lane. + +At Marchington, in Staffordshire, the custom exists of having what is +called a "Rantipole Riding" for every man who beats his wife. The ceremony +is performed with great care and solemnity. A committee is formed to +examine into the case. Then the village poet is employed to give a history +of the occurrence in verse. The procession goes round in the evening with a +cart, which serves as a stage on which the scene is acted and from which +the verses are recited. The custom has been there observed, with so much +judgment and discretion, that it has been productive of much good, and has +now almost entirely put a stop to this disgraceful practice. I can remember +several "ridings" in my younger days. + +H. B. + +MR. POTTER will find, upon referring to Vol. i., p. 245., that this custom +prevails in Gloucestershire, with the substitution of _straw_ for _chaff_. +I have seen the Gloucestershire version both in Kent and Sussex, and have +received an explanation of it similar to MR. POTTER'S own supposition. + +G. WILLIAM SKYRING. + +Somerset House. + +_Faithful Commin_ (Vol. ix., p. 155.).--Your correspondent W. H. GUNNER +will find a detailed account of Faithful Commin in _Foxes and Firebrands_, +a tract of which mention has been made in various Numbers of "N. & Q." It +is there said to be extracted from the Memorials of Cecil Lord Burleigh, +from whose papers it was transmitted to Archbishop Ussher. "The papers of +the Lord Primate coming to the hands of Sir James Ware, his son, Robert +Ware, Esq., has obliged the public by the communication of them." + +[Greek: Halieus.] + +Dublin. + +_Heraldic Anomaly_ (Vol. ix., p. 430.).--TEE BEE'S description of the arms +on St. John's Gate is somewhat defective. They are engraved, and more +completely described, in Cromwell's _History of Clerkenwell_ [1828], p. +128. + +W. P. STORER. + +Olney, Bucks. + +_Odd Fellows_ (Vol. ix., p. 327.).--C. F. A. W. will find some of the Odd +Fellows' secrets disclosed in a small volume entitled _A Ritual and +Illustrations of Free Masonry, &c._, by a Traveller in the United States +(third thousand): published by James Gilbert, 49. Paternoster Row, 1844. +The Odd Fellows date from Adam, who was the odd and solitary representative +of the human race before the creation of Eve. + +KENNEDY MCNAB. + +"_Branks_" (Vol. ix., p. 336.).--The word _branks_ does occur in Burns, and +signifies "wooden curb," but it is not in that sense it is used by Wodrow. +The _branks_ of the Covenanters was an iron collar and chain firmly fixed +to a tree, or post, or pillar, about three feet from the ground. This was +locked round the neck of the luckless offender, who was thus obliged to +remain in a most inconvenient and painful crouching posture, being neither +able to stand nor lie. Many of these are still to be seen in the +neighbourhood of the residences of old Highland families who, ere Lord +Hardwicke's Jurisdiction Act, exercised the powers of pit and gallows. +There is one at the entrance to Culloden House, near Inverness. + +KENNEDY MCNAB. + +{579} + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +Particulars of Price, &c. of the following Books to be sent direct to the +gentlemen by whom they are required, and whose names and addresses are +given for that purpose: + +THE TRIALS OF ROBERT POWELL, EDWARD BURCH, AND MATTHEW MARTIN, FOR FORGERY, +AT THE OLD BAILEY. London. 8vo. 1771. + + Wanted by _J. N. Chadwick, Esq._, King's Lynn. + +AYRE'S LIFE OF POPE. 2 Vols. 1741. + +POPE AND SWIFT'S MISCELLANIES. 1727. 2 Vols. (Motte), with two Vols. +subsequently published, together 4 Vols. + +FAMILIAR LETTERS TO H. CROMWELL BY MR. POPE. Curl, 1727. + +POPE'S LITERARY CORRESPONDENCE. Curl, 1735-6. 6 Vols. + +POPE'S WORKS. 4to. 1717. + +POPE'S CORRESPONDENCE WITH WYCHERLEY. Gilliver, 1729. + +NARRATIVE OF DR. ROBERT NORRIS CONCERNING FRENZY OF J. D. Lintot, 1713. + +THE NEW REHEARSAL, OR BAYES THE YOUNGER. Roberts, 1714. + +COMPLETE ART OF ENGLISH POETRY. 2 Vols. + +GAY'S MISCELLANEOUS WORKS. 4 Vols. 12mo. 1773. + +RICHARDSONIANA, OR REFLECTIONS ON MORAL NATURE OF MAN. 1776. + +A COLLECTION OF VERSES, ESSAYS, &c., occasioned by Pope and Swift's +Miscellanies. 1728. + + Wanted by _Mr. Francis_, 14. Wellington Street North, Strand. + +A TRUE ACCOUNT OF THE VOYAGE OF THE NOTTINGHAM-GALLEY OF LONDON, &c., by +Captain John Dean. 8vo. London, 1711. + +A Falsification of the above, by Longman, Miller, and White. London, 1711. +8vo. + +A LETTER FROM MOSCOW TO THE MARQUIS OF CARMARTHEN, relating to the Czar of +Muscovy's Forwardness in his great Navy since his return home, by J. Deane. +London, 1699. Fol. + +HOURS OF IDLENESS, LORD BYRON. 8vo. Newark, 1807. + +BACON'S ESSAYS IN LATIN. + + Wanted by _S. F. Creswell_, King's College, London. + +THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND MAGAZINE. Vol. XXI. 1846. In good order, and in the +cloth case. + + Wanted by the _Rev. B. H. Blacker_, 11. Pembroke Road, Dublin. + +FATHER BRIDOUL'S SCHOOL OF THE EUCHARIST. Trans. by Claget. London, 1687. + +FREITAGHII MYTHOLOGIA ETHICA, with 138 Plates. Antv. 1579. 4to. + + Wanted by _J. G._, care of Messrs. Ponsonby, Booksellers, Grafton + Street, Dublin. + + * * * * * + +Notices to Correspondents. + +_Owing to the number of Replies to Minor Queries waiting for insertion, we +have this week omitted our_ NOTES ON BOOKS, _&c._ + +SALOP _will find an interesting article on_ Bostal _or_ Borstal Road, _a +winding way up a hill, in Cooper's_ Sussex Glossary, _s. v._ + +A SUBSCRIBER. _The passage "Music hath charms," &c. is from Congreve's_ +Mourning Bride, _Act I. Sc. I._ + +J. L. (Edinburgh) _will find the line_ + + "Dan Chaucer (well of English undefiled)" + +_in Spenser's_ Faerie Queene, _b. iv. canto ii. stanza 32_. + +B. B. _is referred to Chapter IV. of Ferriar's_ Illustrations of Sterne, _2 +vols., 1812, for some notice of Sterne's obligations to Burton's_ Anatomy +of Melancholy. + +H. C. C. (Devizes). _The failure in the picture sent has the appearance of +having been caused by air-bubbles in the solution when exciting the +albumenized paper._ + +_We hope next week to present our photographic readers with a very simple +mode of preparing paper for the Talbotype process. In the mean time we can +assure them of the beautiful results we have seen produced by Mr. Lyte's +process in the present Number. Let those who try it remember, however, that +by how much more rapid is the action, by so much more care is required in +the operation, and so much greater is the risk of failure._ + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country +Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcels, and deliver them to +their Subscribers on the Saturday_. + +"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is also issued in_ Monthly Parts, _for the convenience +of those who may either have a difficulty in procuring the unstamped weekly +Numbers, or prefer receiving it monthly. While parties resident in the +country or abroad, who may be desirous of receiving the weekly Numbers, may +have_ stamped _copies forwarded direct from the Publisher. The subscription +for the stamped edition of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES" _is eleven shillings and +fourpence for six months, which may be paid by Post-Office Order, drawn in +favour of the Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, No. 186. 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ROBINSON, ESQ., _Deputy-Chairman_. + +---- + +The SCALE OF PREMIUMS adopted by this Office will be found of a very +moderate character, but at the same time quite adequate to the risk +incurred. + +FOUR-FIFTHS, or 80 per cent. of the Profits, are assigned to Policies +_every fifth year_, and may be applied to increase the sum insured, to an +immediate payment in cash, or to the reduction and ultimate extinction of +future Premiums. + +ONE-THIRD of the Premium on Insurances of 500l. and upwards, for the whole +term of life, may remain as a debt upon the Policy, to be paid off at +convenience; or the Directors will lend sums of 50l. and upwards, on the +security of Policies effected with this Company for the whole term of life, +when they have acquired an adequate value. + +SECURITY.--Those who effect Insurances with this Company are protected by +its Subscribed Capital of 750,000l., of which nearly 140,000l. is invested, +from the risk incurred by Members of Mutual Societies. + +The satisfactory financial condition of the Company, exclusive of the +Subscribed and Invested Capital, will be seen by the following Statement: + + On the 31st October, 1853, the sums + Assured, including Bonus added, + amounted to £2,500,000 + + The Premium Fund to more than 800,000 + + And the Annual Income from the + same source, to 109,000 + +Insurances, without participation in Profits, may be effected at reduced +rates. + +SAMUEL INGALL, Actuary. + + * * * * * + + +THE ORIGINAL QUADRILLES, composed for the PIANO FORTE by MRS. AMBROSE +MERTON. + +London: Published for the Proprietors, and may be had of C. LONSDALE, 26. +Old Bond Street; and by Order of all Music Sellers. + +PRICE THREE SHILLINGS. + + * * * * * + + +PIANOFORTES, 25 Guineas each.--D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square +(established A.D. 1785), sole manufacturers of the ROYAL PIANOFORTES, at 25 +Guineas each. Every instrument warranted. The peculiar advantages of these +pianofortes are best described in the following professional testimonial, +signed by the majority of the leading musicians of the age:--"We, the +undersigned members of the musical profession, having carefully examined +the Royal Pianofortes manufactured by MESSRS. D'ALMAINE & CO., have great +pleasure in bearing testimony to their merits and capabilities. It appears +to us impossible to produce instruments of the same size possessing a +richer and finer tone, more elastic touch, or more equal temperament, while +the elegance of their construction renders them a handsome ornament for the +library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J. L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. +Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp, P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. +F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover, Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. +Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W. H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. +Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A. Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. +Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John Parry, H. Panofka, Henry +Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank Romer, G. H. Rodwell, E. +Rockel, Sims Reeves, J. Templeton, F. Weber, H. Westrop, T. H. Wright," &c. + +D'ALMAINE & CO., 20. Soho Square. Lists and Designs Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +Patronised by the Royal Family. + +TWO THOUSAND POUNDS for any person producing Articles superior to the +following: + +THE HAIR RESTORED AND GREYNESS PREVENTED. + +BEETHAM'S CAPILLARY FLUID is acknowledged to be the most effectual article +for Restoring the Hair in Baldness, strengthening when weak and fine, +effectually preventing falling or turning grey, and for restoring its +natural colour without the use of dye. The rich glossy appearance it +imparts is the admiration of every person. Thousands have experienced its +astonishing efficacy. Bottles 2s. 6d.; double size, 4s. 6d.; 7s. 6d. equal +to 4 small; 11s. to 6 small; 21s. to 13 small. The most perfect beautifier +ever invented. + +SUPERFLUOUS HAIR REMOVED. + +BEETHAM'S VEGETABLE EXTRACT does not cause pain or injury to the skin. Its +effect is unerring, and it is now patronised by royalty and hundreds of the +first families. Bottles, 5s. + +BEETHAM'S PLASTER is the only effectual remover of Corns and Bunions. It +also reduces enlarged Great Toe Joints in an astonishing manner. If space +allowed, the testimony of upwards of twelve thousand individuals, during +the last five years, might be inserted. Packets, 1s.; Boxes, 2s. 6d. Sent +Free by BEETHAM, Chemist, Cheltenham, for 14 or 36 Post Stamps. + + Sold by PRING, 30. Westmorland Street; JACKSON, 9. Westland Row; BEWLEY + & EVANS, Dublin; GOULDING, 108. Patrick Street, Cork; BARRY, 9. Main + Street, Kinsale; GRATTAN, Belfast; MURDOCK, BROTHERS, Glasgow; DUNCAN & + FLOCKHART, Edinburgh. SANGER, 150. Oxford Street; PROUT, 229. Strand; + KEATING, St. Paul's Churchyard; SAVORY & MOORE, Bond Street; HANNAY, + 63. Oxford Street; London. All Chemists and Perfumers will procure + them. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen. + +65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +ALLEN'S ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE, containing Size, Price, and Description of +upwards of 100 articles, consisting of PORTMANTEAUS, TRAVELLING-BAGS, +Ladies' Portmanteaus, + +DESPATCH-BOXES, WRITING-DESKS, DRESSING-CASES, and other travelling +requisites, Gratis on application, or sent free by Post on receipt of Two +Stamps. + +MESSRS. ALLEN'S registered Despatch-box and Writing-desk, their +Travelling-bag with the opening as large as the bag, and the new +Portmanteau containing four compartments, are undoubtedly the best articles +of the kind ever produced. + +J. W. & T. ALLEN, 18. & 22. West Strand. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 10. Stonefield Street, in the Parish +of St. Mary, Islington, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. +Bride, in the City of London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. +Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of +London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.--Saturday, June 17. +1854. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 242, June +17, 1854, by Various + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42820 *** |