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authornfenwick <nfenwick@pglaf.org>2025-03-07 21:45:20 -0800
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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
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- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+ <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />
<title>
Notes And Queries, Issue 240.
</title>
@@ -62,49 +62,7 @@
</style>
</head>
<body>
-
-
-<pre>
-
-Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 240, June 3, 1854, by Various
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
-almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
-re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
-with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
-
-
-Title: Notes and Queries, Number 240, June 3, 1854
- A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
- Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc
-
-Author: Various
-
-Editor: George Bell
-
-Release Date: May 27, 2013 [EBook #42818]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins
-and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at
-http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images
-generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian
-Libraries)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42818 ***</div>
<p><!-- Page 509 --><span class="pagenum"><a name="page509"></a>{509}</span></p>
@@ -172,7 +130,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td>
<tr><td class="pl1">Lord Rosehill</td>
<td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page519">519</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="pl1">Major André</td>
+<tr><td class="pl1">Major André</td>
<td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page520">520</a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="pl1">The Terminations "-by" and "-ness," by Wm. Matthews, &amp;c.</td>
@@ -184,10 +142,10 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td>
<tr><td class="pl1">Ventilation, by T. J. Buckton</td>
<td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page524">524</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:&mdash;History of Photographic Discovery&mdash;Photographic Cautions&mdash;A Query respecting Collodion&mdash;The Céroléine Process&mdash;Mr. Fox Talbot's Patents</td>
+<tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Photographic Correspondence</span>:&mdash;History of Photographic Discovery&mdash;Photographic Cautions&mdash;A Query respecting Collodion&mdash;The Céroléine Process&mdash;Mr. Fox Talbot's Patents</td>
<td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page524">524</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:&mdash;The Olympic Plain&mdash;Encylopædia of Indexes, or Table of Contents&mdash;"One New Year's Day"&mdash;Unregistered Proverbs&mdash;Orange Blossoms&mdash;Peculiar Use of the Word "Pure"&mdash;Worm in Books&mdash;Chapel Sunday&mdash;Bishop Inglis of Nova Scotia&mdash;Gutta Percha made soluble&mdash;Impe&mdash;Bothy&mdash;Work on Ants&mdash;Jacobite Garters&mdash;"The Three Pigeons"&mdash;Corporation Enactments&mdash;The Passion of our Lord dramatised&mdash;Hardman's Account of Waterloo&mdash;Aristotle&mdash;Papyrus&mdash;Bell at Rouen&mdash;Word-minting&mdash;Coleridge's Christabel, &amp;c.</td>
+<tr><td class="pl1"><span class="sc">Replies to Minor Queries</span>:&mdash;The Olympic Plain&mdash;Encylopædia of Indexes, or Table of Contents&mdash;"One New Year's Day"&mdash;Unregistered Proverbs&mdash;Orange Blossoms&mdash;Peculiar Use of the Word "Pure"&mdash;Worm in Books&mdash;Chapel Sunday&mdash;Bishop Inglis of Nova Scotia&mdash;Gutta Percha made soluble&mdash;Impe&mdash;Bothy&mdash;Work on Ants&mdash;Jacobite Garters&mdash;"The Three Pigeons"&mdash;Corporation Enactments&mdash;The Passion of our Lord dramatised&mdash;Hardman's Account of Waterloo&mdash;Aristotle&mdash;Papyrus&mdash;Bell at Rouen&mdash;Word-minting&mdash;Coleridge's Christabel, &amp;c.</td>
<td class="ar vbm"><a href="#page526">526</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><span class="sc">Miscellaneous</span>:&mdash;</td></tr>
@@ -201,7 +159,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td>
<hr class="full" />
-<p class="ac">Multæ terricolis linguæ, c&oelig;lestibus una.</p>
+<p class="ac">Multæ terricolis linguæ, c&oelig;lestibus una.</p>
<p class="ac">SAMUEL BAGSTER AND SONS'</p>
@@ -220,7 +178,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td>
<p class="ac">London: SAMUEL BAGSTER &amp; SONS, 15. Paternoster Row.</p>
-<p class="ac"><span title="Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d'Athanatoisin" class="grk">&Pi;&omicron;&lambda;&lambda;&alpha;&iota; &mu;&epsilon;&nu; &theta;&nu;&eta;&tau;&omicron;&iota;&sigmaf; &Gamma;&lambda;&omega;&tau;&tau;&alpha;&iota;, &mu;&iota;&alpha; &delta;'&Alpha;&theta;&alpha;&nu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&iota;&sigma;&iota;&nu;</span></p>
+<p class="ac"><span title="Pollai men thnêtois Glôttai, mia d'Athanatoisin" class="grk">&Pi;&omicron;&lambda;&lambda;&alpha;&iota; &mu;&epsilon;&nu; &theta;&nu;&eta;&tau;&omicron;&iota;&sigmaf; &Gamma;&lambda;&omega;&tau;&tau;&alpha;&iota;, &mu;&iota;&alpha; &delta;'&Alpha;&theta;&alpha;&nu;&alpha;&tau;&omicron;&iota;&sigma;&iota;&nu;</span></p>
<hr class="full" />
@@ -569,7 +527,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
Admission.</p>
<table class="mc plr05">
-<tr><td></td><td>£&nbsp;</td><td><i>s.</i></td><td><i>d.</i></td></tr>
+<tr><td></td><td>£&nbsp;</td><td><i>s.</i></td><td><i>d.</i></td></tr>
<tr><td> A Portrait by Mr. Talbot's Patent Process</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td></tr>
@@ -668,7 +626,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>Dr. Maitland, in his valuable <i>Illustrations of Mesmerism</i>, has
not, I think, noticed an important passage in St. Augustine's treatise,
- <i>De Genesi ad litteram</i>, l. <span class="sm">XII.</span> c. 17. §§
+ <i>De Genesi ad litteram</i>, l. <span class="sm">XII.</span> c. 17. §§
34. <i>seq.</i>, in which, after saying that demons <i>can read men's
thoughts</i>, and know what is passing at a distance, he proceeds to give
a detailed account of two cases of <i>clairvoyance</i>. The whole is
@@ -700,7 +658,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
which he might be relieved and finally cured</i>. He followed their
counsel, with the promised success.</p>
- <p>Augustine's remarks (c. xviii. § 39.) on these and similar phenomena
+ <p>Augustine's remarks (c. xviii. § 39.) on these and similar phenomena
are well worth reading. He begs the learned not to mock him as speaking
confidently, and the unlearned not to take what he says on trust, but
hopes that both will regard him simply as an inquirer. He compares these
@@ -723,7 +681,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<h3>EDWARD GIBBON, FATHER AND SON.</h3>
<p>Gibbon mentions in his <i>Memoirs</i> (edit. 1796, p. 18.), that in
- 1741 his father and Mr. Delmé successfully contested Southampton against
+ 1741 his father and Mr. Delmé successfully contested Southampton against
Mr. Henly, subsequently Lord Chancellor, but that, after the dissolution
in 1747, he was unable or unwilling to maintain another contest, and "the
life of the senator expired in that dissolution." Not so the hopes of the
@@ -819,13 +777,13 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>At p. 70. King William is described as offering the bishopric of Mans
to "Samson, <i>Bishop</i> of Bayeux, his chaplain." So in the index to
- <i>Histor. Anglic. circa tempus Conquestûs, &amp;c., a Francisco
+ <i>Histor. Anglic. circa tempus Conquestûs, &amp;c., a Francisco
Maseres</i>, I find this passage of Vitalis referred to under the title
of "Sanson Baiocensis <i>episcopus</i>."</p>
<p>But yet Odo was Bishop of Bayeux at this time; and notwithstanding
what Marbode <i>afterwards</i> said of Bayeux, when he invited his old
- pupil to meet him there, viz. "Sedes præsulibus sufficit illa tribus,"
+ pupil to meet him there, viz. "Sedes præsulibus sufficit illa tribus,"
yet Samson, even then, was not Bishop of Bayeux, but of Worcester.</p>
<p>The original words of Vitalis are, "Sansoni <i>Baiocensi</i>," Samson
@@ -834,8 +792,8 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
chaplain to William. He was a married man, and apparently at the time in
question only in deacon's orders. One of his sons, at a later period,
became Bishop of Bayeux, as did also a grandson, whose mother (according
- to Beziers) was "Isabelle de Dovre, maîtresse de Robert Conte de
- Glocester, bâtard de Henri I., Roi d'Angleterre." Upon which I would
+ to Beziers) was "Isabelle de Dovre, maîtresse de Robert Conte de
+ Glocester, bâtard de Henri I., Roi d'Angleterre." Upon which I would
found a Query, viz., Was this grandson of Samson, whose name was Richard,
an <i>uterine</i> or a <i>half</i> brother of Roger, Bishop of Worcester?
Both are described as sons of Robert, Earl of Gloucester.</p>
@@ -856,9 +814,9 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>Before I close this Note, I should be glad to inquire what grounds the
editor has for asserting (p. 32, n. 1.) that Thomas, Archbishop of York,
"was not a chaplain to the king" before his promotion. Thierry,
- <i>Histoire de la Conquête, &amp;c.</i> (Par. 1825, tome ii. p. 18.),
- says: "Thomas, l'un des chapelains du roi, fut nommé archevêque d'York."
- And by Godwin (<i>De Præsul. Angl.</i>, tom. ii. p. 244.) we are told
+ <i>Histoire de la Conquête, &amp;c.</i> (Par. 1825, tome ii. p. 18.),
+ says: "Thomas, l'un des chapelains du roi, fut nommé archevêque d'York."
+ And by Godwin (<i>De Præsul. Angl.</i>, tom. ii. p. 244.) we are told
that Odo&mdash;</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
@@ -877,7 +835,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>The following curious illustration, which I met with the other day in
a book where few would be likely to look for it, seems to me fairly to
deserve a place among the Notes of your interesting publication. It forms
- the <i>moral</i> exposition, by Cornelius à Lapide, of Ex. vii. 22.: "And
+ the <i>moral</i> exposition, by Cornelius à Lapide, of Ex. vii. 22.: "And
the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments," &amp;c.</p>
<blockquote class="b1n">
@@ -976,10 +934,10 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>"<i>Smoke-farthings.</i>&mdash;Commissio domini episcopi ad levandum
le Smoke farthinges, alias dict. Lincoln farthinges a nostris
- Archidiaconatus nostri Leycestriæ: subditis ad utilitatem nostræ matricis
- ecclesiæ Cath. Linc. sponsæ nostræ convertend., dicti Smoke farthinges
- conceduntur ad constructionem campanili ecclesiæ prebendalis Sanctæ
- Margaretæ Leycestr. 1444."</p>
+ Archidiaconatus nostri Leycestriæ: subditis ad utilitatem nostræ matricis
+ ecclesiæ Cath. Linc. sponsæ nostræ convertend., dicti Smoke farthinges
+ conceduntur ad constructionem campanili ecclesiæ prebendalis Sanctæ
+ Margaretæ Leycestr. 1444."</p>
</blockquote>
@@ -988,7 +946,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
- <p>"A<sup>o</sup> 1450. <i>Testamentum domini Thomæ Cumberworth,
+ <p>"A<sup>o</sup> 1450. <i>Testamentum domini Thomæ Cumberworth,
militis.</i>&mdash;In the name of Gode and to his loveyng, Amen. I,
Thomas Cumbyrworth, knyght, the xv day of Feberer, the yere of oure Lord
m<sup>l</sup>cccc and <span class="sm">L.</span> in clere mynde and hele
@@ -1029,8 +987,8 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
- <p>"Anima quæ moderatur utrunque corpus animantis, improprie dicitur
- anima cum revera sint tenues quædam animæ reliquiæ, non aliter quam odor
+ <p>"Anima quæ moderatur utrunque corpus animantis, improprie dicitur
+ anima cum revera sint tenues quædam animæ reliquiæ, non aliter quam odor
rosarum manet in manu, etiam rosa submota."&mdash;<i>Erasmi Colloq.</i>,
Leyden edit. 1703, vol. i. p. 694.</p>
@@ -1063,7 +1021,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>As recumbent effigies are in vogue, there are some points connected
herewith worthy of discussion at the present time in your pages. The
- ultra-admirers of the mediæval monuments will not allow the slightest
+ ultra-admirers of the mediæval monuments will not allow the slightest
deviation from what they regard as the prescriptive model&mdash;a figure
with the head straight, and the hands raised in prayer. One of their
arguments is, that the ancient effigy is alive, while the modern
@@ -1290,7 +1248,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
would doubtless be a boon to many who have unsuccessfully tried to
understand it.</p>
- <p class="author"><span title="Philomathês." class="grk">&Phi;&iota;&lambda;&omicron;&mu;&alpha;&theta;&#x1F74;&sigmaf;.</span></p>
+ <p class="author"><span title="Philomathês." class="grk">&Phi;&iota;&lambda;&omicron;&mu;&alpha;&theta;&#x1F74;&sigmaf;.</span></p>
<p><i>View of Dumfries.</i>&mdash;I have a modern lithographed view of
the town of Dumfries, said to have been taken from an old engraving in
@@ -1334,7 +1292,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>I have not been able to discover the locality of Maydenburi, and
therefore my questions to such of your readers as are more skilled in
- mediæval lore than myself, are, Where is this place situated, and what
+ mediæval lore than myself, are, Where is this place situated, and what
was its previous destination, monastic or otherwise? and who was the
original proprietor of the seal?</p>
@@ -1463,7 +1421,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
person assisting at the ceremonial, and placing the crown on his head.
Leland (<i>Itiner.</i>, vol. vi. p. 91.) says, "Henricus Comes de Warwike
ab Henrico VI. cui carissimus erat, coronatus <i>in regem de Wighte</i>,
- et postea nominatus primus comes totius Angliæ." Leland takes this <i>ex
+ et postea nominatus primus comes totius Angliæ." Leland takes this <i>ex
Libello de Antiquitate Theoksibriensis Monasterii</i>, in the church of
which house this Duke of Warwick was buried. But little notice has been
taken of this singular event by our historians, and, except for some
@@ -1599,7 +1557,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
- <p>"Consilium delectorum cardinalium et aliorum prælatorum, de emendanda
+ <p>"Consilium delectorum cardinalium et aliorum prælatorum, de emendanda
ecclesia. S. D. N. Papa Paulo III. ipso jubente conscriptum et exhibitum
anno 1538;"</p>
@@ -1609,9 +1567,9 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
- <p>"Consilium quorundam episcoporum Bononiæ congregatorum quod de ratione
- stabiliendæ Romanæ ecclesiæ Julio III. Pont. Max. datum est. Quo artes et
- astutiæ Romanensium et arcana imperii papalis non pauca propalantur. Ex
+ <p>"Consilium quorundam episcoporum Bononiæ congregatorum quod de ratione
+ stabiliendæ Romanæ ecclesiæ Julio III. Pont. Max. datum est. Quo artes et
+ astutiæ Romanensium et arcana imperii papalis non pauca propalantur. Ex
bibliotheca W. Crashauii. Londini, 1613;"</p>
</blockquote>
@@ -1622,35 +1580,35 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
- <p>"Marcus Antonius de Dominis archiepiscopus Spalatensis, suæ
+ <p>"Marcus Antonius de Dominis archiepiscopus Spalatensis, suæ
profectionis consilium exponit. Londini, 1616."</p>
<p>"Bellum Papale, sive concordia discors Sixti Quinti et Clementis
Octavi, circa Hieronymianam editionem, etc. Auctore Thoma Jamesio.
Londini, 1600."</p>
- <p>"[Ejusdem] Bellum Gregorianum, sive corruptionis Romanæ in operibus D.
- Gregorii M. jussu pontificum Rom. recognitis atque editis, etc. Oxoniæ,
+ <p>"[Ejusdem] Bellum Gregorianum, sive corruptionis Romanæ in operibus D.
+ Gregorii M. jussu pontificum Rom. recognitis atque editis, etc. Oxoniæ,
1610."</p>
- <p>"Summa actorum Facultatis Theologiæ Parisiensis contra librum
+ <p>"Summa actorum Facultatis Theologiæ Parisiensis contra librum
inscriptum, Controversia Anglicana de potestate regis et pontificis, etc.
Auctore Martino Becano. Londini, 1613."</p>
<p>"Antitortobellarminus, sive refutatio calumniarum, mendaciorum, et
imposturarum laico-cardinalis Bellarmini, contra jura omnium regum et
sinceram illibatamque famam Serenissimi, potentissimi piissimique
- Principis Jacobi ... fidei catholicæ defensoris et propugnatoris: per
+ Principis Jacobi ... fidei catholicæ defensoris et propugnatoris: per
Joan. Gordonium. Londini, 1610."</p>
<div class="poem">
<div class="stanza">
<p class="hg3">"Tu super <i>hoc cepha</i> fingis Christum ore loquutum</p>
- <p class="i1">Fundamen caulæ nidificabo meæ:</p>
+ <p class="i1">Fundamen caulæ nidificabo meæ:</p>
<p>Vernac'lo at Christus Solymis sermone loquutus,</p>
<p class="i1">Separat articulis mascula f&oelig;mineis;</p>
- <p>Petre, ait, hic cepha es, sanctæ fundamina caulæ,</p>
- <p class="i1">Et super <i>hac cepha</i> ponere dico meæ:</p>
+ <p>Petre, ait, hic cepha es, sanctæ fundamina caulæ,</p>
+ <p class="i1">Et super <i>hac cepha</i> ponere dico meæ:</p>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
@@ -1658,7 +1616,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
</div>
<div class="stanza">
- <p>Quòd tu sic audes Christi pervertere verba</p>
+ <p>Quòd tu sic audes Christi pervertere verba</p>
<p class="i1">Et pro f&oelig;mineo subdere masculeum,</p>
<p>Nil mirum; Papis solenne est cardineisque</p>
<p class="i1">Sic pro f&oelig;mineo subdere masculeum."</p>
@@ -1671,9 +1629,9 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
suo D<sup>no</sup> Thoma Roe equite editus. Authore Guilielmo Roe.
Londini, 1615."</p>
- <p>"D<sup>no</sup> D<sup>ri</sup> Wright Anglo, malæ causæ clienti: et
+ <p>"D<sup>no</sup> D<sup>ri</sup> Wright Anglo, malæ causæ clienti: et
Jacobo Nixon Hiberno, advocato pejori: et Guilielmo Stanleio, patrono
- pessimo; religionis et patriæ hostibus: p&oelig;nam seram et
+ pessimo; religionis et patriæ hostibus: p&oelig;nam seram et
p&oelig;nitentiam seriam Guilielmus Roe exoptat."</p>
</blockquote>
@@ -1688,39 +1646,39 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"Egregia facinora tua vidit Hibernia, experta est Hollandia, agnoscit
- Hispania, prædicat Gallia, fatetur Flandria, neque potest negare Anglia.
- Ergo cum bona frontis tuæ serenitate sustinebis, si elogii tui vocem ad
+ Hispania, prædicat Gallia, fatetur Flandria, neque potest negare Anglia.
+ Ergo cum bona frontis tuæ serenitate sustinebis, si elogii tui vocem ad
assensum nostrum repercussam, instar Ecchus remittamus, et Stanleium
hominem egregie facinorosum dixerimus, quod in Hispanis consilio suo
- immissis vidit Hibernia, in Daventriæ proditione <!-- Page 519 --><span
+ immissis vidit Hibernia, in Daventriæ proditione <!-- Page 519 --><span
class="pagenum"><a name="page519"></a>{519}</span>experta est Hollandia,
in stipendio proditioni imputato agnoscit Hispania, in pluribus locis
- frustra et cum ignominia tentatis prædicat Gallia, et nullam illi
- præfecturam unquam integrè credendo fatetur Flandria, neque post tot in
- patriam suam molitiones, et præsertim expeditionem quam ad fragorem
- pulverariæ conjurationis in nos habiturus erat, negare potest
+ frustra et cum ignominia tentatis prædicat Gallia, et nullam illi
+ præfecturam unquam integrè credendo fatetur Flandria, neque post tot in
+ patriam suam molitiones, et præsertim expeditionem quam ad fragorem
+ pulverariæ conjurationis in nos habiturus erat, negare potest
Anglia."</p>
- <p>"Eadgarus in Jacobo redivivus: seu pietatis Anglicanæ defensio. Ab
+ <p>"Eadgarus in Jacobo redivivus: seu pietatis Anglicanæ defensio. Ab
Adamo Reuter. Londini, 1614."</p>
- <p>"[Ejusdem] Libertatis Anglicanæ defensio seu demonstratio: regnum
- Angliæ non esse feudum pontificis: in nobilissima et antiquissima
+ <p>"[Ejusdem] Libertatis Anglicanæ defensio seu demonstratio: regnum
+ Angliæ non esse feudum pontificis: in nobilissima et antiquissima
Oxoniensi academia, publice apposita Martino Becano. Londini, 1613."</p>
- <p>"[Ejusdem] Oratio: quam Papam esse Bestiam quæ non est et tamen est,
+ <p>"[Ejusdem] Oratio: quam Papam esse Bestiam quæ non est et tamen est,
apud Johan. Apoc. xvii. 8. in fine probantem ... recitavit Adam Reuter.
Londini, 1610."</p>
- <p>"[Ejusdem] Contra conspiratorum consilia orationes duæ. Habitæ ...
- 5<sup>o</sup> Aug. et 5<sup>o</sup> Nov., anno 1611, diebus regiæ
+ <p>"[Ejusdem] Contra conspiratorum consilia orationes duæ. Habitæ ...
+ 5<sup>o</sup> Aug. et 5<sup>o</sup> Nov., anno 1611, diebus regiæ
liberationis a conspiratione Govvrie, et tormentaria. Londini, 1612."</p>
<p>"Ejusdem, Delineatio consilii brevissima: quam societati mercatorum
Belgarum Londini florentiss. commorantium consecrat A. R. Londini,
1614."</p>
- <p>"<span title="Ponêsis Christophorou tou Angelou" class="grk"
+ <p>"<span title="Ponêsis Christophorou tou Angelou" class="grk"
>&Pi;&omicron;&nu;&eta;&sigma;&iota;&sigmaf;
&Chi;&rho;&iota;&sigma;&tau;&omicron;&phi;&omicron;&rho;&omicron;&upsilon;
&tau;&omicron;&upsilon;
@@ -1731,7 +1689,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
torments, inflicted by the Turkes for the faith which he had in Christ
Jesus. At Oxford, 1617."</p>
- <p>"[Ejusdem] Labor C. A. Græci. De apostasia ecclesiæ, et de homine
+ <p>"[Ejusdem] Labor C. A. Græci. De apostasia ecclesiæ, et de homine
peccati scilicet Antichristo, etc. Gr. et Lat. Londini, 1624."<a
name="footnotetag2" href="#footnote2"><sup>[2]</sup></a></p>
@@ -1757,7 +1715,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<div class="note">
<a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a
href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a>
- <p>"Valete tria animalia Religionis servæ, et in servitutem nata."</p>
+ <p>"Valete tria animalia Religionis servæ, et in servitutem nata."</p>
</div>
<p>Had your correspondent <span class="sc">Novus</span>, in his first
@@ -1778,7 +1736,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
Cardinals</i> in the committee which drew up the genuine
<i>Consilium</i>, as the full title of this piece will
show:&mdash;<i>Consilium novem Delectorum Cardinalium et aliorum
- Prælatorum, de emendanda Ecclesia.</i></p>
+ Prælatorum, de emendanda Ecclesia.</i></p>
<p class="author"><span class="sc">B. B. Woodward.</span></p>
@@ -1820,7 +1778,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
5th April, 1749; had an Ensign's commission in the 26th Reg. Foot in
1765; quitted the army 1767, and went to America. He married in Maryland,
in Aug. 1768, Miss Mary Cheer, and died without issue at Rouen, in
- Normandy, 19 Feb. 1788, æt. 39."</p>
+ Normandy, 19 Feb. 1788, æt. 39."</p>
</blockquote>
@@ -1854,13 +1812,13 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<hr />
-<h3>MAJOR ANDRÉ.</h3>
+<h3>MAJOR ANDRÉ.</h3>
<p class="ac">(Vol. ix., p. 111.)</p>
<p>On the 13th of January, 1817, Mr. Chappell made a report unfavourable
to the petition of John Paulding (one of the citizens who captured Major
- André), who prays for an increase of the pension allowed to him by the
+ André), who prays for an increase of the pension allowed to him by the
government in consequence of that service. On the question to reverse
this report, an interesting debate followed.</p>
@@ -1871,24 +1829,24 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>"What gave interest principally to the debate, was the disclosure by
Mr. Tallmadge of Connecticut (an officer at the time, and commanding the
- advance guard when Major André was brought in) of his view of the merit
+ advance guard when Major André was brought in) of his view of the merit
of this transaction, with which history and the records of the country
have made every man familiar. The value of the service he did not deny;
- but on the authority of the declaration of Major André (made while in the
+ but on the authority of the declaration of Major André (made while in the
custody of Colonel Tallmadge), he gave it as his opinion that, if Major
- André could have given to these men the amount they demanded for his
+ André could have given to these men the amount they demanded for his
release, he never would have been hung as a spy, nor in captivity on that
occasion. Mr. T.'s statement was minutely circumstantial, and given with
expressions of his individual confidence in its correctness. Among other
- circumstances he stated, that when Major André's boots were taken off by
+ circumstances he stated, that when Major André's boots were taken off by
them, it was to search for plunder, and not to detect treason. These
persons, indeed, he said, were of that class of people who passed between
both armies, as often in one camp as the other, and whom, he said, if he
had met with them, he should probably as soon have apprehended as Major
- André, as he had always made it a rule to do with these suspicious
+ André, as he had always made it a rule to do with these suspicious
persons. The conclusion to be drawn from the whole of Mr. Tallmadge's
statement, of which this is a brief abstract, was, that these persons had
- brought in Major André only because they should probably get more for his
+ brought in Major André only because they should probably get more for his
apprehension than for his release."</p>
</blockquote>
@@ -1907,17 +1865,17 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<blockquote class="b1n">
<p>"The disclosure recently made by Colonel Tallmadge in the House of
- Representatives, relative to the capture of Major André, seems to have
+ Representatives, relative to the capture of Major André, seems to have
been received in every instance with the confidence to which it was
certainly entitled. That gentleman related what he saw and knew; and
those who are attempting to dispute him, relate only what they had been
informed of. To those of our readers who may not have seen the report of
Colonel Tallmadge's remarks, it may be proper to observe, that those
- three men who captured Major André, applied to Congress for an increase
+ three men who captured Major André, applied to Congress for an increase
of pension settled on them by the government, and that when this
application was under consideration, Colonel Tallmadge (a member for
Connecticut) rose and stated, that having been the officer to whom the
- care of André was entrusted, he had heard André declare that those men
+ care of André was entrusted, he had heard André declare that those men
robbed him, and upon his offer to reward them for taking him to the
British lines, he believes they declined only from the impossibility of
giving them sufficient security, &amp;c., and that it was not patriotism
@@ -1929,14 +1887,14 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>"There is now living in this town a gentleman who was an officer in
the Massachusets line, and who was particularly conversant in all the
circumstances of that transaction. It was this gentleman who, in company
- with Captain Hughes, composed the special guard of André's person, was
+ with Captain Hughes, composed the special guard of André's person, was
with him during the last twenty-four hours of his life, and supported him
to the place of execution. From him we have received the following
particulars: it is needless to say we give them our implicit belief,
since to those who are acquainted with the person to whom we allude, no
other testimony is ever necessary than his simple declaration.</p>
- <p>"To this gentleman André himself related that he was passing down a
+ <p>"To this gentleman André himself related that he was passing down a
hill, at the foot of which, under a tree, playing cards, were the three
men who took him. <!-- Page 521 --><span class="pagenum"><a
name="page521"></a>{521}</span>They were close by the road side, and he
@@ -1947,7 +1905,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
lines, that they belonged to that party. They then seized him, robbed him
of the few guineas which he had with him, and the two watches which he
then wore, one of gold and the other of silver. He offered to reward them
- if they would take him to New York; they hesitated, and in his (André's)
+ if they would take him to New York; they hesitated, and in his (André's)
opinion, the reason why they did not do so, was the impossibility on his
part to secure to them the performance of the promise.</p>
@@ -1959,7 +1917,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
personally acquainted with all these men, and who could not have been
mistaken in their general characters.</p>
- <p>"André frequently spoke of the kindness of the American officers, and
+ <p>"André frequently spoke of the kindness of the American officers, and
particularly of the attention of Major Tallmadge; and on the way to the
place of execution sent for that officer to come near him, that he might
learn the manner in which he was to die."</p>
@@ -1973,14 +1931,14 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>"Isaac Van Wart, of the town of Mount Pleasant, in the county of
Westchester, being duly sworn, doth depose and say, that he is one of the
- three persons who arrested Major André during the American revolutionary
+ three persons who arrested Major André during the American revolutionary
war, and conducted him to the American camp. That he, this deponent,
together with David Williams and John Paulding, had secreted themselves
at the side of the highway, for the purpose of detecting any person
coming from, or having unlawful intercourse with, the enemy, being
between the two armies; a service not uncommon in those times. That this
deponent and his companions were armed with muskets, and upon seeing
- Major André approach the place where they were concealed, they rose and
+ Major André approach the place where they were concealed, they rose and
presented their muskets at him, and required him to stop, which he did.
He then asked them whether they belonged to his party, and then they
asked him which was his party? to which he replied the lower party. Upon
@@ -2000,14 +1958,14 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
that neighbourhood. That when they had him in the wood they proceeded to
search him, for the purpose of ascertaining who and what he was, and
found inside of his stockings and boots, next to his bare feet, papers
- which satisfied them he was a spy. Major André now showed them his gold
+ which satisfied them he was a spy. Major André now showed them his gold
watch, and remarked that it was evidence of his being a gentleman, and
also promised to make them any reward they might name, if they would but
permit him to proceed, which they refused. He then told them that if they
doubted the fulfilment of his promise, they might conceal him in some
secret place, and keep him there until they could send to New York and
receive their reward. And this deponent expressly declares, that every
- offer made by Major André to them was promptly and resolutely refused.
+ offer made by Major André to them was promptly and resolutely refused.
And, for himself, he solemnly declares that he had not, and he does most
sincerely believe that Paulding and Williams had not, any intention of
plundering their prisoner; nor did they confer with each other, or even
@@ -2016,7 +1974,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
deep interest in the cause of the country, and a strong sense of duty.
And this deponent further says that he never visited the British camp,
nor does he believe or suspect that either Paulding or Williams ever did,
- except that Paulding was, once before André's capture, and once
+ except that Paulding was, once before André's capture, and once
afterwards, made a prisoner by the British, as this deponent has been
informed and believes. And this deponent, for himself, expressly denies
that he ever held any unlawful traffic or any intercourse whatever with
@@ -2036,7 +1994,7 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p>"We the subscribers, inhabitants of the county of Westchester, do
certify that during the revolutionary war we were well acquainted with
Isaac Van Wart, David Williams, and John Paulding, who arrested Major
- André; and that at no time during the revolutionary war was any suspicion
+ André; and that at no time during the revolutionary war was any suspicion
ever entertained by their neighbours or acquaintances, that they, or
either of them, held any undue intercourse with the enemy. On the
contrary, they were universally esteemed, and taken to be ardent and
@@ -2078,10 +2036,10 @@ BRITISH ART,</h2>
<p class="author">F. D.</p>
<p>The following works furnish much that is interesting concerning Major
- André:&mdash;</p>
+ André:&mdash;</p>
<p><i>An Authentic Narrative of the Causes which led to the Death of
- Major André</i>, by Joshua Hett Smith, London, 1808. Printed for Matthews
+ Major André</i>, by Joshua Hett Smith, London, 1808. Printed for Matthews
and Leigh, 18. Strand.</p>
<p><i>The Plot of Arnold and Sir Henry Clinton against the United States,
@@ -2168,11 +2126,11 @@ Northumberland, Pembrokeshire, Salop, and Wiltshire, 1 each</td>
</table>
<p>Our termination <i>-ness</i>, then, is the old northern or Icelandic
- <i>nes</i>, the parent of the Dan. <i>næs</i>, and the Ang.-Sax.
- <i>nese</i> and <i>næs</i>, signifying "a neck of land, or promontory."
+ <i>nes</i>, the parent of the Dan. <i>næs</i>, and the Ang.-Sax.
+ <i>nese</i> and <i>næs</i>, signifying "a neck of land, or promontory."
From this <i>nes</i> came, naturally enough, the old northern <i>naos</i>
- or <i>nös</i>, whence the Dan. <i>næse</i>, the Germ. <i>nase</i>; the
- Ang.-Sax. <i>nase</i>, <i>næse</i>, <i>nose</i>; the Norman-Fr.
+ or <i>nös</i>, whence the Dan. <i>næse</i>, the Germ. <i>nase</i>; the
+ Ang.-Sax. <i>nase</i>, <i>næse</i>, <i>nose</i>; the Norman-Fr.
<i>naz</i>, and Su.-Goth. <i>naese</i> (in Al. and Sansc. <i>nasa</i>,
and in Gall. <i>nes</i>); the Latin <i>nasus</i>, and Eng. <i>nose</i>,
or <i>nase</i> as it is spelt by Gower in his <i>Conf. Am.</i> b. v.,
@@ -2428,7 +2386,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<p>"Now, whether in any or in all these draughts she swallowed the eggs
of insects, cannot be affirmed; but for several years she continued to
throw up incredible numbers of grubs and maggots, chiefly of the
- churchyard beetle (<i>Blaps mortisaga</i>). 'Of the larvæ of the beetle,'
+ churchyard beetle (<i>Blaps mortisaga</i>). 'Of the larvæ of the beetle,'
says Dr. Pickells, 'I am sure I considerably underrate, when I say that
not less than 700 have been thrown up from the stomach at different times
since the commencement of my attendance. A great proportion were
@@ -2437,7 +2395,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
Dr. Thomson's examination; nearly all of which, including two of the
specimens of the meal-worm (<i>Tenebrio molitor</i>), I saw myself thrown
up at different times. The average size was about an inch and a half in
- length, and four lines and a half in girth. The larvæe of the dipterous
+ length, and four lines and a half in girth. The larvæe of the dipterous
insect, though voided only about seven or eight times, according to her
account, came up almost literally in myriads. They were alive and
moving.' Altogether, Dr. Pickells saw nearly 2,000 grubs of the beetle,
@@ -2445,10 +2403,10 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
name="page524"></a>{524}</span>many which he did not see. Mr. Clear, an
intelligent entomologist of Cork, kept some of them alive for more than
twelve months. Mr. S. Cooper cannot understand whence the continued
- supply of the grubs was provided, seeing that larvæ do not propagate, and
+ supply of the grubs was provided, seeing that larvæ do not propagate, and
that only one pupa and one perfect insect were voided<a
name="footnotetag5" href="#footnote5"><sup>[5]</sup></a>; but the simple
- fact, that most beetles live several years in the state of larvæ,
+ fact, that most beetles live several years in the state of larvæ,
sufficiently accounts for this. Their existing and thriving in the
stomach, too, will appear the less wonderful from the fact that it is
exceedingly difficult to kill this insect; for Mr. Henry Baker repeatedly
@@ -2703,7 +2661,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<tr><td> Iodide of ammonium</td>
<td> 4 grs.</td></tr>
<tr><td> Iodide of silver</td>
-<td> ½ gr.</td></tr>
+<td> ½ gr.</td></tr>
</table>
<p>I have obtained beautiful pictures in less than one second with
@@ -2718,8 +2676,8 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Cook.</span></p>
- <p><i>The Céroléine Process.</i>&mdash;Have any of your photographic
- correspondents made such experiments on the céroléine process as to
+ <p><i>The Céroléine Process.</i>&mdash;Have any of your photographic
+ correspondents made such experiments on the céroléine process as to
enable them to communicate the results to "N. &amp; Q."?</p>
<p>Is Mr. Crooke's process for preserving the sensitiveness of collodion
@@ -2748,16 +2706,16 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
of Halle, for setting on foot a subscription to defray the expense of
making excavations in Olympia, thus anticipating, by nearly a year, a
recent suggestion to the same effect in "N. &amp; Q." Professor Ross
- expatiates at considerable length (see <i>Jahrbücher für Philologie und
- Pädagogik</i>, vol. lxviii. p. 203.) on the advantages to be derived, as
+ expatiates at considerable length (see <i>Jahrbücher für Philologie und
+ Pädagogik</i>, vol. lxviii. p. 203.) on the advantages to be derived, as
regards the arts, the literature, and the history of Greece, from the
exploration of so celebrated a spot; but, notwithstanding all his
arguments and eloquence, the amount of the subscriptions, after the lapse
of nine months, only amounted, in February, 1854, to about 38<i>l.</i> As
this sum was so utterly inadequate for the object intended, it was
- resolved to devote it to excavations in Mykenæ. Professor Ross takes
+ resolved to devote it to excavations in Mykenæ. Professor Ross takes
occasion to pay a high tribute of praise to Lord Aberdeen, for the
- service rendered by his Lordship in discovering the treasury at Mykenæ.
+ service rendered by his Lordship in discovering the treasury at Mykenæ.
The facilities at Olympia for carrying on excavations are stated by
Professor Ross to be very great. It is but a few miles distant from the
sea, on the banks of a navigable river, and opposite to the very populous
@@ -2774,12 +2732,12 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<p class="author"><span class="sc">J. Macray.</span></p>
- <p><i>Encyclopædia of Indexes, or Table of Contents</i> (Vol. ix., p.
+ <p><i>Encyclopædia of Indexes, or Table of Contents</i> (Vol. ix., p.
371.).&mdash;Your correspondent <span class="sc">Thinks I to
Myself</span> inquires respecting the desirableness and practicability of
- forming an "Encyclopædia of Indexes, or Tables of Contents." It was to
+ forming an "Encyclopædia of Indexes, or Tables of Contents." It was to
meet this want (which is very commonly felt) that the publication of the
- <i>Cyclopædia Bibliographica</i> was undertaken. The work has met your
+ <i>Cyclopædia Bibliographica</i> was undertaken. The work has met your
approval, and I have the pleasure of announcing that the volume will be
completed on June 1. I think it will meet the desire of your
correspondent and many others, who, "in reading up on any subject, wish
@@ -2937,7 +2895,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<p><i>Work on Ants</i> (Vol. ix., p. 303.).&mdash;I presume that the work
for which <span class="grk">&Sigma;</span>. inquires is, <i>Recherches
- sur les M&oelig;urs des Fourmis indigènes</i>, par P. Huber, Paris,
+ sur les M&oelig;urs des Fourmis indigènes</i>, par P. Huber, Paris,
1810.<a name="footnotetag7" href="#footnote7"><sup>[7]</sup></a></p>
<p class="author"><span title="Halieus." class="grk">&#x1F09;&lambda;&iota;&epsilon;&#x1F7B;&sigmaf;.</span></p>
@@ -3052,9 +3010,9 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
Nazianzum, but is more probably the production of Gregory of Antioch
(<span class="sm">A.D.</span> 572). It is described by most of the
ecclesiastical writers: Tillemont, Baillet, Baronius, Bellarmin, Dupin,
- Vossius, Rivet, Labbæus, Ceillier, Fleury, &amp;c.</p>
+ Vossius, Rivet, Labbæus, Ceillier, Fleury, &amp;c.</p>
- <p>In 1486, when <i>La Mistère de la Passion</i>, or the Passion of our
+ <p>In 1486, when <i>La Mistère de la Passion</i>, or the Passion of our
Saviour, was exhibited at Antwerp, the beholders were astonished by
<i>five</i> different scaffolds, each having several stages rising
perpendicularly: paradise was the most elevated, and it had two stages.
@@ -3106,8 +3064,8 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
subjects. In 1486, the Chapter of the Church at Lyons gave sixty livres
to those who had played the mystery of the Passion of our Lord Jesus
Christ. In 1518, Francis I. confirmed by letters patent the privileges of
- the Confrères de la Passion: one of their pieces, reprinted in 1541, is
- entitled <i>Le Mystère de la Passion de N.&nbsp;S.&nbsp;J.&nbsp;C.</i> The same subject
+ the Confrères de la Passion: one of their pieces, reprinted in 1541, is
+ entitled <i>Le Mystère de la Passion de N.&nbsp;S.&nbsp;J.&nbsp;C.</i> The same subject
was common in Spain and Germany. In England the Coventry mysteries,
&amp;c. partook of the same character. The Cotton MS. (Vespasian, b.
viii.) and the Chester Whitsun plays (Harleian MS. 2013.) would probably
@@ -3120,7 +3078,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<p>If your correspondent wishes for authority for the fact of our blessed
Lord's Passion being dramatised, he will find an example in Gregor. Naz.,
the <i>editio princ.</i> of which I have before me, entitled <span
- title="Christos paschôn" class="grk"
+ title="Christos paschôn" class="grk"
>&Chi;&rho;&#x1F77;&sigma;&tau;&omicron;&sigmaf;
&pi;&#x1F71;&sigma;&chi;&omega;&nu;</span>, Rom. 1542.</p>
@@ -3304,7 +3262,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
the late John Taylor, the well-known editor of</i> The Sun, <i>and will
be found in the collection of his poems</i>.</p>
- <p><span class="sc">Loccan.</span> Bâtman, <i>from Fr.</i> bât, <i>hence
+ <p><span class="sc">Loccan.</span> Bâtman, <i>from Fr.</i> bât, <i>hence
corrupted into</i> bawman, <i>an officer's servant</i>.</p>
<p>I. R. R. <i>Valentine Schindler, a learned German, was born at Oedern,
@@ -3425,7 +3383,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
handsome ornament for the library, boudoir, or drawing-room. (Signed) J.
L. Abel, F. Benedict, H. R. Bishop, J. Blewitt, J. Brizzi, T. P. Chipp,
P. Delavanti, C. H. Dolby, E. F. Fitzwilliam, W. Forde, Stephen Glover,
- Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W.
+ Henri Herz, E. Harrison, H. F. Hassé, J. L. Hatton, Catherine Hayes, W.
H. Holmes, W. Kuhe, G. F. Kiallmark, E. Land, G. Lanza, Alexander Lee, A.
Leffler, E. J. Loder, W. H. Montgomery, S. Nelson, G. A. Osborne, John
Parry, H. Panofka, Henry Phillips, F. Praegar, E. F. Rimbault, Frank
@@ -3448,7 +3406,7 @@ Uprightby, pronounced<br/>&nbsp; Heaverby.
<p>THE EGGS OF BRITISH BIRDS, displayed in a Series of Engravings, by
DICKES, copied and coloured from Nature, with Descriptions and Anecdotes
of British Birds. Small 8vo., beautifully bound, price 6<i>s.</i>
- 6<i>d.</i> Also kept in elegant Papier Maché covers.</p>
+ 6<i>d.</i> Also kept in elegant Papier Maché covers.</p>
<p>This handsome volume gives the exact representations of the size,
shape, and colour of the eggs of our British birds; and contains a clear
@@ -3740,11 +3698,11 @@ T. Grissell, Esq.<br /><br />
<table style="width:35%" class="mc" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates">
<tr>
<td class="plr05" style="width:28%">Age</td>
-<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td>
+<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td>
<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td>
<td class="plr05 ar br" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td>
<td class="plr05" style="width:28%">Age</td>
-<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td>
+<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td>
<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td>
<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td>
</tr>
@@ -3953,7 +3911,7 @@ T. Grissell, Esq.<br /><br />
<p class="ac">NEW ILLUSTRATED JOURNAL.</p>
-<p class="ac">Published Weekly, price 1½<i>d.</i>, or 2½<i>d.</i> Stamped.</p>
+<p class="ac">Published Weekly, price 1½<i>d.</i>, or 2½<i>d.</i> Stamped.</p>
<p>THE CRYSTAL PALACE AND PARK. A complete Account of the Crystal Palace
and its objects, with numerous Illustrations from Photographs, by M.
@@ -4088,385 +4046,6 @@ Soho; and at all the Principal Music-sellers.</p>
Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday, June 3.
1854.</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 240, June 3,
-1854, by Various
-
-*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES ***
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