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You may copy it, give it away or re-use + it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License <a href= + "#pglicense" class="tei tei-ref">included with this eBook</a> or + online at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license" class= + "tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a></p> + </div> + <pre class="pre tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> +Title: Japanese Colour-Prints and Their Designers + +Author: Frederick Gookin + +Release Date: May 25, 2013 [Ebook #42811] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAPANESE COLOUR-PRINTS AND THEIR DESIGNERS*** +</pre> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"></div><a name="fig1" id= + "fig1"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat069.jpg" alt="HARUNOBU. Lovers walking in Snow." + title="HARUNOBU. Lovers walking in Snow." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HARUNOBU. Lovers walking in Snow. + </div> + </div> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-titlePage" style="text-align: center"> + <span class="tei tei-docTitle" style= + "text-align: center"><span class="tei tei-titlePart" style= + "text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 144%">Japanese + Colour-Prints and Their Designers</span></span><br /> + <br /> + <span class="tei tei-titlePart" style= + "text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 120%">A Lecture + Delivered Before the Japan Society of New York on April 19, + 1911</span></span></span> + + <div class="tei tei-byline" style="text-align: center"> + <br /> + <br /> + <br /> + <br /> + <br /> + By <span class="tei tei-docAuthor" style= + "text-align: center">Frederick William Gookin</span><br /> + <br /> + <br /> + <br /> + <br /> + </div><span class="tei tei-docImprint" style="text-align: center">New + York<br /> + The Japan Society<br /> + <br /></span> <span class="tei tei-docDate" style= + "text-align: center">1913</span> + </div> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="pdf2" id="pdf2"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Contents</span></h1> + + <ul class="tei tei-index tei-index-toc"> + <li><a href="#toc3">JAPANESE COLOUR-PRINTS AND THEIR + DESIGNERS</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc16">CATALOGUE OF A LOAN COLLECTION OF JAPANESE + COLOUR-PRINTS</a></li> + + <li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc18">INTRODUCTION</a></li> + + <li style="margin-left: 2em"><a href="#toc21">CATALOGUE</a></li> + </ul> + </div> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Illustrations</span></h1> + + <ul class="tei tei-index tei-index-fig"> + <li><a href="#fig1">HARUNOBU. Lovers walking in Snow.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig5">MORONOBU. Nobleman and two Ladies at + Seashore.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig6">KIYOMASU. Actors' Boating Party</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig7">MASANOBU. Geisha playing Samisen.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig8">TOYONOBU. Actor reading Letter</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig9">KIYOMITSU. Daimyo Procession Game.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig10">HARUNOBU. Young Woman before Torii.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig11">HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig12">HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig13">HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig14">HARUNOBU. Woman reading Letter.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig15">KORYUSAI. Musume leaping from Temple + Balcony.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig20">SHUNSHO. Woman in Red.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig23">KIYONAGA. Holiday Group at Gotenyama.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig24">KIYONAGA. Picnic Party.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig25">BUNCHO. Actor as Woman talking to + Men.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig26">KIYONAGA. Man and two Women approaching + Temple.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig27">SHUNCHO. Women watching Girls bouncing + Balls.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig28">EISHI. Fête in a nobleman's palace.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig29">SHARAKU. Two Actors.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig30">UTAMARO. Woman with a Musical Toy.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig31">TOYOKUNI. Women in Bath House.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig32">HOKUSAI. Fuji from Ushibori.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#fig33">HIROSHIGE. Pines at Hammamatsu.</a></li> + </ul> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-body" style= + "margin-bottom: 6.00em; margin-top: 6.00em"> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc3" id="toc3"></a> <a name="pdf4" id="pdf4"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">JAPANESE COLOUR-PRINTS AND THEIR + DESIGNERS</span></h1><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page3">[pg + 3]</span> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the annals of + art production the colour-prints designed by the master artists of + the Ukiyoé school occupy a unique place. They represent a plebeian + art which was not a spontaneous upgrowth from the soil, but, so to + speak, a down-growth or offshoot from an old and highly developed art + of aristocratic lineage.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This elder art had + its fountain-head in ancient China. That country, during the Tang and + the Sung dynasties (618-905, 960-1280), was the seat of an aesthetic + movement during which painting and other arts reached an + extraordinarily high development. To the works produced during this + great flowering-time of art the Japanese painters of the classical + schools turned for inspiration and enlightenment. These works were + distinguished by singleness of purpose, rhythmic vitality, and + synthetic coherence, and by a clear conception of the essential that + goes far beyond anything elsewhere attained, and which, when fully + apprehended, must inevitably force a revision of Western ideas and + criteria.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The art of ancient + China and of the earlier Japanese schools is an art refined, poetic, + and intensive to the last degree. It is based upon profound + understanding of aesthetic laws. The artists were carefully grounded + in the fundamental principles that govern all art, whether Oriental + or Occidental. The result of this training is apparent in the + homogeneity of their works. In Europe very confused notions have + prevailed as to what should be done and what is permissible in art. + Not even the great artists have always seen clearly; had they done + so, it cannot be doubted that Western achievement would have attained + a much higher level than it has ever reached.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the Japanese + modifications of the ancient Chinese art its traditions <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page4">[pg 4]</span> and aesthetic ideals were + sedulously preserved. With only rare exceptions, the artists—and + under this head it is necessary to include potters, lacquerers, + metal-workers, swordsmiths, and others—were drawn from the upper + classes. Many of them were in the service of the daimyo, and did not + sell their productions, but received from their noble patrons regular + stipends in koku of rice. Seldom did any of their works find their + way into the hands of the common people, who had little opportunity, + therefore, to become familiar with them. Gradually, however, as the + number of paintings, statues, and other art objects multiplied and + the temples were filled with votive offerings, the classical art made + its impress upon buildings, wearing apparel, and utensils of all + sorts; its conventions and principles were laid hold of by all + classes and became the heritage of the entire people.</p><a name= + "fig5" id="fig5"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat001.jpg" alt= + "MORONOBU. Nobleman and two Ladies at Seashore." title= + "MORONOBU. Nobleman and two Ladies at Seashore." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + MORONOBU. Nobleman and two Ladies at Seashore. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The social fabric + in old Japan was one of sharp distinctions. At the upper end of the + scale were the Emperor; the kuge, or court nobles; the daimyo, or + lords of the two hundred and fifty-one provinces; and the samurai, or + hereditary military men, from whom were recruited the officials, + priests, and scholars. Between these and the lower classes was an + almost immeasurable gulf. Highest among the heimen, or commoners, + were the farmers. Below them were the artisans, and still lower were + the merchants, innkeepers, servants, and the like; while lowest of + all were the eta, or outcasts, a class comprising scavengers, + butchers, leather-workers, and others engaged in what were considered + degrading occupations.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Under the peaceful + regime of the Tokugawa shoguns there was a sociological change that + in the cities almost amounted to a transformation. The most salient + feature was the rise of the tradesmen and artisans to wealth and + power. Many places of amusement sprang up, restaurants and tea-houses + multiplied, jugglers, story-tellers, musicians, and other itinerant + entertainers found audiences in every street, fêtes were frequently + held in the temple compounds, the theatre rose to a position of + prominence, and the yukwaku, or courtesan quarters, with their medley + of attractions, became established institutions.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The art of the + Ukiyoé was a direct outcome of the gay life of this time. The + inception of the school dates back to the closing years of the + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page5">[pg 5]</span> sixteenth century, + when a reaction set in against the Chinese classicism of the Ashikaga + period. This manifested itself in the choice of Japanese instead of + Chinese subjects, and in novel treatment in which features of both + the classic Kano and Tosa styles were combined, but which in many + respects broke away from academic traditions. The reputed leader of + the revolt was Iwasa Shoi, better known as Matahei, son of the Daimyo + of Itami; but other distinguished artists, notably Kano Sanraku, also + painted pictures in the new manner, which was not then held to + constitute a distinct school. The subjects being drawn from the life + of the people, these pictures were called Ukiyoé. É is the Japanese + term for a picture or drawing.<a id="noteref_1" name="noteref_1" + href="#note_1"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">1</span></span></a> Ukiyo, as + originally written, had a Buddhistic signification and was applied to + the secular as distinguished from the ecclesiastical world. Literally + the word means <span class="tei tei-q">“the miserable world,”</span> + but as now used it may be more accurately translated as <span class= + "tei tei-q">“the passing (or floating) world of every-day + life.”</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Perhaps for the + reason that Ukiyoé themes were not considered quite dignified, and + because they did not express poetic ideas, the Ukiyo paintings of + Matahei and his contemporaries and successors, though prized and much + sought after, were seldom signed, and the identification of their + authorship is a matter of extreme difficulty. For more than half a + century works in this manner continued to be produced in considerable + numbers, but the movement did not crystallize into a school until, in + the person of Hishikawa Moronobu, a leader appeared to give it form + and direction. Moronobu was an artist of rare distinction. His + paintings were eagerly sought by the daimyos and the wealthier + samurai. But Moronobu was a man of the people, and it was as a + designer of book illustrations and later of ichimai-yé, or + single-sheet prints, that he gave the impetus to Ukiyoé. For fifty + years or more prior to his time books with engraved illustrations had + been published in Japan, but they were comparatively few and the + illustrations were poor and crudely executed. The twelve drawings + Moronobu made for a book of instruction for women in etiquette and + hygiene, published in 1659, marked a decided advance. This, so far as + we know, <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page6">[pg 6]</span> was the + first of a long series of books illustrated by him. Their popularity + was deservedly great, and by them his fame became wide-spread. The + illustrations were printed in black from blocks similar to those from + which the text was printed, and were characterized by fine broad + treatment and a rather wiry but strong and expressive outline.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">About 1670 + Moronobu began to issue large single-sheet prints which could be + affixed to screens or mounted as kakemono. These prints, which were + impressions in black from one block only, are known as + sumi-yé—<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">sumi</span></em> being the Japanese name for + Chinese—or, as we incorrectly call it, India—ink. They were designed + to be coloured by hand, and apparently a part of the edition was so + coloured before being placed on sale by the publishers. At first this + colouring consisted of a few touches of yellow-green crudely laid on; + later it became more elaborate, and occasionally we meet with prints + that are very beautifully coloured, but in such cases it is + impossible to tell when or by whom the colouring was done. The + probability is that in some instances it was the work of purchasers + of the prints.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Moronobu's pupils, + of whom there were many, devoted themselves almost exclusively to + painting. After his death in 1695, the production of prints fell + chiefly into the hands of Torii Kiyonobu and his son Torii Kiyomasu, + two artists who take rank among the most talented men of the Ukiyoé + school. Moronobu had taken for the subjects of his prints historic + incidents, the manners and customs of the people, and, in particular, + women and their occupations and amusements. To these the Torii + artists, seeing a new and fertile field for the print-designer in the + rise of the theatre as a popular form of entertainment, added + portraits of actors in the costumes of their most admired rôles. + Especially esteemed were Kiyonobu's portraits of the first + DanjuÌ
roÌ
. During the Genroku period (1688-1704) the people + developed a passion for the theatre that amounted to veritable + madness. In the first quarter of the eighteenth century this reached + a height that sorely troubled the Tokugawa rulers. To check it + various expedients—among them the exclusion of women from the + stage—were tried. They only added fuel to the flame. Certain gross + practices were abolished. This helped to purify the theatre, but also + to perpetuate it by removing the seeds <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page7">[pg 7]</span> of what must inevitably have meant its early + decay. Actors of distinguished ability became popular idols. Their + comings and goings were like royal progresses. Wherever they went, + were it to view the cherry blossoms at Ueno, for a boating party on + the river, or for a visit to the Yoshiwara, they moved in state. Yet + their rank in the social scale was so low that they were looked upon + as little better than eta. The earliest actors were contemptuously + termed <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">kawara-mono</span></em> (river-bed folk), from + the fact that the first theatrical performances in Japan were upon a + stage erected in the dry bed of the Kamogawa at Kyoto. The stigma + that attached to their origin and to the vulgarity of the early + performances has never been entirely lifted. Many of the Ukiyoé + artists felt it a degradation to make drawings of actors. + Nevertheless the popular demand created a supply, and for more than a + century a large proportion of the enormous output of prints consisted + of theatrical scenes and portraits of the performers.</p><a name= + "fig6" id="fig6"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat013.jpg" alt="KIYOMASU. Actors' Boating Party" + title="KIYOMASU. Actors' Boating Party" /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + KIYOMASU. Actors' Boating Party + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Many of the prints + produced during the early years of the eighteenth century were large + single figures of actors, geishas, and women of the Yoshiwara. These + were broadly treated, with strong, free brush-strokes based upon the + technique of the Kano masters and quite different from Moronobu's + style, which was more nearly like that of the Tosa painters. Each of + the classical schools, I may explain, had its own peculiar methods, + for which brushes of special shape were required. In their + spontaneity, their freedom, their glorious sweep of line, these + prints are among the finest works of the Ukiyoé school. Among them + are many masterpieces of linear composition. Yet by the people of the + upper classes they were regarded as hopelessly vulgar. Though the + Kano painters used similar sweeping strokes, they laid great stress + upon carefully modulated tone. The notan, or lightness and darkness + of the ink in different parts of the drawing, was an essential + quality. It should not be confused with chiaroscuro, the science of + light and shade. Notan signifies merely difference in lightness and + darkness of tone. In the early prints this did not appear. All the + lines were uniformly black. And the addition of colouring which was + looked upon as coarse and gaudy was a further offence to persons of + refined taste.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page8">[pg 8]</span> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Our vision not + being hampered by the canons of the Kano academy, we can appreciate + the distinguished character of these compositions. Unquestionably the + brush-work of a Sesshu, a Motonobu, or a Tanyu—to name a few only of + the most eminent of the Japanese painters—has a precious quality not + to be found in any printed line.<a id="noteref_2" name="noteref_2" + href="#note_2"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">2</span></span></a> + Nevertheless the primitive Ukiyoé prints have a freshness and vital + force peculiarly their own. The word <span class= + "tei tei-q">“primitive”</span> as applied to these prints calls for a + word of explanation. They are primitive, not in their art, which is + highly developed, but merely as regards its application to + wood-engraving.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The failure of + Japanese connoisseurs to appreciate Ukiyoé art is not, however, + entirely or even principally because of its technique. The art of the + classical schools is deeply imbued with poetic feeling and usually is + dignified in subject. Ukiyoé art, on the contrary, is flippant, + whimsical, comic. Except when it deals with portraits, landscapes, or + birds and flowers—subjects that are not strictly Ukiyoé—it is seldom + that the things depicted are intended to be taken quite seriously. In + nearly every picture there is some joke, open or cleverly hidden, + some amusing fantasy in the shape of a modern analogue or travesty of + popular myth, well-known tale, or historical event. Sly hits at the + vices or follies of the aristocrats are not uncommon. A very large + proportion of the subjects deals with the theatre and the denizens of + the Yoshiwara. To the Japanese of the upper classes Ukiyoé art was a + synonym for the art of the underworld. It is not surprising that they + failed to appreciate its merit. To give Ukiyoé paintings or prints an + honourable place in one's house was a confession of lack of taste. + Were there no other reason, the subjects for the most part rendered + them unfit, if not impossible. The prints were indeed amusing, and + therefore many of them were saved; but they were looked upon much as + we regard the pictures in our comic periodicals. Even when the art in + these is good, it is hard to disassociate it from the humour and to + enjoy it for itself alone. More commonly we fail to appreciate it as + art or even to think of it as such. So it was with the prints. To the + Japanese they <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page9">[pg 9]</span> + appeared little better than children's toys. In considering this we + should not overlook the important circumstance that when first + printed they were in general less charming than they are to-day. The + wonderful colour that makes them so entrancing has come in large + measure through the mellowing influence of time. Not infrequently + this has wrought transformations that would seem incredible did not + close study show clearly the changes that have taken + place.</p><a name="fig7" id="fig7"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat024.jpg" alt= + "MASANOBU. Geisha playing Samisen." title= + "MASANOBU. Geisha playing Samisen." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + MASANOBU. Geisha playing Samisen. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Even to-day + inherited prejudice prevents wide-spread appreciation of the prints + in the land of their origin. Our enthusiastic admiration is still + more or less a mystery to our neighbours across the Pacific. Only + now, when most of the fine prints have passed into the hands of + European and American collectors, are the Japanese connoisseurs + beginning to understand how it is that the Western art-lover, + unfettered by any traditional point of view and not disturbed by any + meanings the subject may hold or suggest, is able to perceive the + glorious colour, the superb composition, the masterly treatment and + rare beauty to which they have been blind.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The history of art + is everywhere among civilized peoples a record of the influence of a + succession of ideas, each in turn dominating for a longer or a + shorter period the character of what is produced. When an idea has + sufficient vitality to constitute the germ of a specific type of art, + and artists of creative genius are inspired by it, the votaries + working under the stimulus of a common ideal form what we designate + as a school. <span class="tei tei-q">“When left to pursue its course + of development unchecked,”</span> each marked type of art, as John + Addington Symonds pointed out in one of his essays, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“passes through stages corresponding to the embryonic, + the adolescent, the matured, the decadent, and the exhausted,”</span> + This sequence, he showed, was clearly marked in the evolution of + Italian painting, the Attic and the Elizabethan drama. Any of the + classic schools of Japanese painting, the Kosé, the Yamato, the + Sesshu, or the Kano, would furnish an excellent illustration, though + in studying these movements it would be necessary to follow them back + to their Chinese antecedents. The Ukiyoé school affords a + particularly striking example. In the works of the earlier + artists—Moronobu, Kiyonobu, Kiyomasu, and the KwaigetsudoÌ
group—we + find <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page10">[pg 10]</span> + superabundant vigour, swift inspiration, and splendid though + sometimes brutal force. The note of prophecy that these works contain + is found also in those of the next generation of artists, foremost + among whom was Okumura Masanobu. The fire of enthusiasm still glows + brightly, but more attention is paid to subtleties of style, to + beauty of detail, and to the development of technical processes. + Hand-coloured prints are superseded by those in which the colour as + well as the black outline is printed. Ukiyoé has become an art of the + printed pictures which in large measure have taken the place of + paintings.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then, after a + brief interval of eager experiment and rapid changes, comes the + flowering-time, when a group of great artists turn out by the + thousand works in which spiritual intensity is combined with grace, + beauty, refinement of composition, and technical perfection. This is + the epoch of Harunobu, ShunshoÌ
, Shigemasa, Koryusai, Kiyonaga, and + ShunchoÌ
.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The decline of the + initial impetus that brought the school into being is plainly + apparent in the works of the next generation. Utamaro was an artist + of the very first rank, whose genius cannot be gainsaid; Eishi and + Toyokuni were only a little less brilliant; but it was their + misfortune to come upon the scene when the cycle of animating ideas + had been exhausted. Too virile to be content merely to echo the + performances of their predecessors, they spent their energy in + inventing variations upon the perfected type. It was the only course + open to them, but it led steadily and swiftly downward, though + neither the artists nor the people who gleefully applauded each + successive innovation were conscious of the decadence.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">With the + appearance of still another generation of artists upon the scene, the + degradation of the school was complete. Artistic feeling was obscured + by blatant vulgarity and affectation. There was a steady letting down + to the level of the popular taste, which was steadily lowered in + consequence. The skill of the more able artists was expended in the + production of works interesting chiefly as <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">tours de + force,</span></em> more remarkable for technical than for artistic + merit; the tendency toward exaggerated drawing became more + pronounced; colouring grew more crude, raw, and over-vivid. + Coincident with this decline in the art of <span class="tei tei-pb" + id="page11">[pg 11]</span> the Popular School was a change for the + worse in the fashions of the time. Loud patterns for brocades and + other fabrics came into vogue; garments became showy and elaborate; + coiffures, more especially those of the demi-monde, were often + startling in their extravagance. As the prints were accurate mirrors + of contemporary life, in these changed fashions may be found a + partial explanation of the inferiority of the works of the later men. + The Ukiyoé RyuÌ
was a school of design which laid its impress upon + all of the arts. The prints were but one of its phases, though the + principal and the most distinguished of them. The rise, culmination, + and disintegration took place all along the line. Toward the middle + of the nineteenth century the Ukiyoé school sank into the dotage of + decrepitude, and then into the sleep from which there is no + awakening. I choose this phrase deliberately. An art that is of the + past can never be revived. We may strive to work in the style of + Harunobu or of Kiyonaga. All we can do is to copy their forms and + imitate their mannerisms. We cannot possibly get our inspiration from + the same source as they; that dried up at the fountain-head long ago. + The best work we can do in their style must necessarily lack creative + force and be without a spark of real vitality.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Primarily the + charm of the Ukiyoé colour-prints is due to the fact that the leading + masters of the school were artists of exceptional power. It is also + due to the fact that most of them<a id="noteref_3" name="noteref_3" + href="#note_3"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">3</span></span></a> made + print-designing their chief occupation, to which they devoted their + thought, time, and skill, and that with rare exceptions they were + less distinguished as painters.</p><a name="fig8" id="fig8"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat038.jpg" alt="TOYONOBU. Actor reading Letter" + title="TOYONOBU. Actor reading Letter" /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + TOYONOBU. Actor reading Letter + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From about 1670, + when Moronobu began to issue single-sheet prints, until about 1742, a + period of at least seventy years, the prints were in black outline + and were coloured by hand. They were, in fact, cheap paintings. Early + in the eighteenth century the chief pigment used in colouring them + was red lead. The Japanese name for this pigment is tan, and the + prints upon which it appears are designated as tan-yé. About 1710 + yellow and citrine were commonly used with the tan. Four or five + years later a new style of hand-colouring, said to have been + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page12">[pg 12]</span> devised by Torii + Kiyonobu, came into vogue and greatly modified the style in which the + prints were designed. In place of tan he substituted beni, a very + beautiful but fugitive red extracted from the saffron. This was used + in combination with a greenish yellow (probably gamboge) and + low-toned blues and purples. Finer details were introduced into the + designs, and the colouring in general was more carefully done. In + response to a growing demand for less expensive pieces smaller prints + (hoso-yé) became common. To give brilliance to the pigments a little + thin lacquer (urushi) was mixed with them, and, while wet, parts of + the design were sprinkled with metallic powder, which was probably + applied by blowing it through a small bamboo tube. These prints were + known as urushi-yé, or lacquer prints. A little later the custom grew + up of painting parts of the prints with black lacquer.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Not until the year + 1742 did the practice begin of applying colour by impressions from + flat wood blocks. Why the invention should have been so long delayed, + and why, after it was once made, nearly fourteen years more should + have elapsed before the number of colour-blocks was increased beyond + two, are questions to which no certain answer is yet forthcoming. It + is incredible that during the forty years when innumerable + hand-coloured prints were issued no one should have conceived the + idea of printing the colour as well as the black outline. Without + doubt some practical difficulty connected with the printing stood in + the way. Possibly the thing that awaited discovery was the trick of + mixing rice paste with the colour to keep it from running. Or, as is + more likely, it took a long while to discover a practical method of + securing accurate register in impressions made upon damp paper which + was liable to stretch or shrink during the printing process. Whatever + the problem may have been, the honour of the solution is due to + Okumura Masanobu. Being a publisher as well as an artist, he was no + doubt alive to the economic advantage of a cheaper process and to the + attraction of novelty. Some years earlier he had invented the + hashira-yé, or pillar-print, and had also put forth a series of + prints that show a fair understanding of the laws of linear + perspective to which he gave the name of Ukiyé. Being an artist as + well as a publisher, Masanobu perceived that the change in process + called for a change in the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page13">[pg + 13]</span> style of the designs. The very first of the new prints, + therefore, were characterized by finer and more exquisite detail than + was suitable for the hand-coloured editions. The colours used were + beni and a soft green; and the name beni-yé, which had been applied + to the hand-coloured prints in which beni was used, was also given to + them. A happier selection of colours could not have been made. By + thinning the red and modifying the hue of the green a wide range of + effects was secured. Almost every possible combination and variation + was tried during the fourteen or fifteen years that the beni-yé were + in vogue. The world is far richer because of this long period before + the number of colour-blocks was increased, since time was afforded to + work out the decorative possibilities resulting from the limitation + to two colours and black and white. This limitation demanded fine + skill and creative resource in the invention of pattern and the + distribution of the colours employed.<a id="noteref_4" name= + "noteref_4" href="#note_4"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">4</span></span></a> The + results achieved were remarkable. Until one has seen them it is + impossible to realize that so much life and vivacity of colouring + could be given by impressions from two blocks charged with rose and + green.</p><a name="fig9" id="fig9"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat046.jpg" alt= + "KIYOMITSU. Daimyo Procession Game." title= + "KIYOMITSU. Daimyo Procession Game." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + KIYOMITSU. Daimyo Procession Game. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">By many the + beni-yé are regarded as the choicest products of the school. So + charming were they when first printed that they speedily drove the + urushi-yé prints out of the market, with the exception of the tall + hashira-yé, or pillar prints, of which hand-coloured editions + continued to be produced for a year or two, to satisfy those who + still wished paintings rather than prints. Most of the beni-yé that + have survived until our time are very much faded. The beni has quite + generally turned into a soft yellow or disappeared altogether. The + green is more stable, but that also has in many instances become a + warm citrine or russet. Extremely rare are the specimens in which the + original colour has not suffered material modification.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From the testimony + of the prints themselves it appears probable that very soon after + Okumura Masanobu issued the first prints in beni and green, similar + prints were put forth by Nishimura Shigenaga, Ishikawa <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page14">[pg 14]</span> Toyonobu, Torii Shiro + (otherwise Kiyonobu the second), and all the Yedo print-designers, + among them the veteran Torii Kiyomasu. None of these men seems to + have attempted any marked departure from the type established by + Okumura. About 1755, however, a group of young men appeared upon the + scene, who were fired with zeal for further experiments. The leaders + were Torii Kiyomitsu, Kitao Shigemasa, and Suzuki Harunobu. Kiyomitsu + began by trying novel colour schemes such as two tones of beni + instead of beni and green. Then he tried a third colour-block. After + this new developments followed in rapid succession. The variety and + range of the colour schemes broadened almost from day to day. At + first the wider resources proved an embarrassment, but the mastery + attained in dealing with the simpler means soon enabled the artists + to take advantage of them. Invention was stimulated. In 1764 a + printer named Kinroku discovered a method by which printing in + colours from many blocks became possible. We can only guess at the + nature of the difficulty that was surmounted; but as it is known that + the printing was usually done upon dampened paper, it is evident that + the stretching or shrinking of the sheets, to which I have already + referred, must have proved extremely troublesome, and that every + additional block must have multiplied the liability to defective + register. It is reasonably safe to assume, therefore, that to find + some means of overcoming this was the problem which remained unsolved + for so many years.</p><a name="fig10" id="fig10"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat057.jpg" alt= + "HARUNOBU. Young Woman before Torii." title= + "HARUNOBU. Young Woman before Torii." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HARUNOBU. Young Woman before Torii. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The name of Suzuki + Harunobu is familiar to every admirer of Japanese prints. It is in + large measure to his genius that the development of full-colour + printing is due. He was not only the first artist to make use of the + new process, but he took advantage of it to bring out prints of a + novel type. Very dainty and graceful these were, and in the poetic + allusions or quiet humour with which they were charged, and in the + quality of the brush-strokes with which the drawings were executed, + they made a direct appeal to men of taste. Success was instantaneous. + By the year 1765 Harunobu had come to the front and distanced all + competitors for popular favour. The serenity and compelling charm of + his compositions brought him wide fame. Realizing the possibilities + that now lay before him, he proudly exclaimed, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Why should I degrade <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page15">[pg 15]</span> myself by the delineation of actors?”</span> + His ambition, he said, was to become <span class="tei tei-q">“the + true successor of the painters in the department of printing”</span>; + that is to say, to design prints that should be worthy substitutes + for paintings. Instead of restricting himself to a few primary or + secondary hues and the variations resulting from their superposition, + he mixed his colours to get the precise tint desired, and he used as + many colour-blocks as were needed for the effects at which he aimed. + The Yedo-yé, or Yedo pictures, as the prints had been called from the + fact that they were produced only at the eastern capital, were now + denominated nishiki-yé, or brocade pictures, from the number of + colours woven together in them. To the printing itself, the charging + of the blocks with colour, the character and quality of the pigments + and of the paper used, Harunobu gave careful attention, and these + things were greatly improved as a result of his experiments.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Under his + leadership the art now entered upon the period of its greatest + triumphs. In the eager search for novel subjects scarcely anything + was left untouched. History, mythology, and romance, the numberless + fêtes and merrymakings of the people and the daily routine of their + lives, representations of celebrated poets and heroes, scenes from + the drama, portraits of popular actors and courtesans, the revels of + the Yoshiwara, animals and plants, familiar scenes and famous + landscapes, furnished motives for almost endless broadsheets and book + illustrations. No other art was ever more crowded with human + interest.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The forward + movement in print-designing at this epoch was helped on by a number + of highly gifted artists who seem to have worked together to some + extent. Katsukawa ShunshoÌ
, who took up the theatrical branch of + print-designing that Harunobu scorned, is one of the most + distinguished masters of the Ukiyoé school. He was a designer of + marked power, a colourist of the first rank. His works are not yet + appreciated as they should be, but the finest of them yield pure + aesthetic delight of most exalted quality. Kitao Shigemasa, + Ippitsusai BunchoÌ
, and Isoda Koryusai also rank among the + first-rate men of this period. In the contest for popular favour + during the ten years following the death of Harunobu, which took + place in the summer of 1770, it has been said that the guerdon rested + upon Koryusai, but that is a mistake, <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page16">[pg 16]</span> for both ShunshoÌ
and Shigemasa stood higher + in the estimation of qualified judges. All, however, were surpassed a + few years later by Kiyonaga, the last great artist of the Torii line + and the culminating figure in the history of the Popular School. He + conquered by the rugged strength and marvellous quality of his + brush-strokes, by the richness of his colouring and the ripe mastery + he displayed over all the resources of his craft. But also he created + a new type of design—that which found expression in the great + diptychs and triptychs that stand as the triumphs of colour-printing. + At the height of his power his influence over his contemporaries was + so great that, without exception, the younger men among them copied + his style as closely as they could.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Kiyonaga, + about 1793, stopped designing prints, the decadence had already set + in. The decade that followed was a period of rapid deterioration, + with Utamaro as its particular evil genius. Yet many of the most + splendid of the prints were produced in that decade. Where shall we + look for anything finer than Eishi's wonderful series with the + chocolate background, or his triptychs of the Prince Genji series? + Where shall we find anything to equal the brilliant characterization + of Sharaku's actor portraits? Where else shall we turn for such + marvellously facile rhythmic line, such swift, vital handling as that + which made Utamaro's masterpieces the despair of his many imitators? + Toyokuni also designed many fine prints; but as he was a man of less + force than the others I have named, he fell faster and farther than + they did, and fewer of his works command our admiration.</p><a name= + "fig11" id="fig11"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat070.jpg" alt= + "HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister." title= + "HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I have left myself + little time to speak of two eminent artists, both of them + world-renowned, who by their genius made the latter years of the + Ukiyoé school as notable in their way as any in its entire history. + Either Hokusai or Hiroshige might well engage our attention for an + entire evening. Both were extraordinarily prolific; Hokusai was the + more versatile and has the wider reputation. Both are among the + greatest landscape artists the world has ever known. Their numerous + prints of landscapes are a revelation of the possibilities of + originality in composition and variety of interest in this field. + Unless one has studied these prints in fine examples, it is + impossible to realize how great is their <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page17">[pg 17]</span> merit. This is true of all the prints, but + particularly true of Hiroshige's. Between the best impressions and + the very good ones the difference is really astonishing. But the best + are so extremely rare as to make it probable that because of the + difficulty and the cost of printing, very few of them were issued—the + publishers finding cheaper editions more profitable.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Though classed as + Ukiyoé artists, Hokusai and Hiroshige really represent a separate + movement which undoubtedly would have crystallized into a distinct + school had worthy followers arisen to carry it forward, had the times + been different, and, last but not least, had the genius of the two + masters been less transcendent.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In this sketch of + the history of the art of Ukiyoé colour-printing only the more + salient features have been touched upon. Of the prints themselves it + is not too much to say that the finest of them are the most beautiful + specimens of printing that have been done in any land at any + time.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Yet none but the + most primitive methods—or what from our point of view may seem + such—were employed. The most wonderful among all the prints is but a + <span class="tei tei-q">“rubbing”</span> or impression taken by hand + from wood blocks. The artist having drawn the design with the point + of a brush in outline upon thin paper, it was handed over to the + engraver, who began his part of the work by pasting the design face + downward upon a flat block of wood, usually cherry, sawn plankwise as + in the case of the blocks used by European wood-engravers in the time + of Dürer. The paper was then scraped at the back until the design + showed through distinctly in every part. Next, the wood was carefully + cut away, leaving the lines in relief, care being taken to preserve + faithfully every feature of the brush-strokes with which the drawing + was executed. A number of impressions were then taken in Chinese ink + from this <span class="tei tei-q">“key block”</span> and handed to + the artist to fill in with colour. This ingenious plan, which is + manifestly an outgrowth of the early custom of colouring the ink + prints (sumi-yé) by hand, and which perhaps would never have been + thought of had not the colour itself been an afterthought, enabled + the artist to try many experiments in colour arrangement with a + minimum amount of labour. The colour scheme and ornamentation of the + surfaces having been determined, the <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page18">[pg 18]</span> engraver made as many subsidiary blocks<a id= + "noteref_5" name="noteref_5" href="#note_5"><span class= + "tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">5</span></span></a> as were + required, the parts meant to take the colour being left raised and + the rest cut away. Accurate register was secured by the simplest of + devices. A right-angled mark engraved at the lower right-hand corner + of the original block, and a straight mark in exact line with its + lower arm at the left, were repeated upon each subsequent block, and, + in printing, the sheets were laid down so that their lower and + right-hand edges corresponded with the marks so made. The defective + register which may be observed in many prints was sometimes caused by + unequal shrinking or swelling of the blocks. In consequence of this, + late impressions are often inferior to the early ones, even though + printed with the same care, and from blocks that had worn very + little. The alignment will usually be found to be exact upon one side + of the print, but to get further out of register as the other side is + approached.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The printing was + done on moist paper with Chinese ink and colour applied to the blocks + with flat brushes. A little rice paste was usually mixed with the + pigments to keep them from running and to increase their brightness. + Sometimes dry rice flour was dusted over the blocks after they were + charged. To this method of charging the blocks much of the beauty of + the result may be attributed. The colour could be modified, graded, + or changed at will, the blocks covered entirely or partially. Hard, + mechanical accuracy was avoided. Impressions differed even when the + printer's aim was uniformity. Sometimes, in inking the <span class= + "tei tei-q">“key block,”</span> which was usually the last impressed, + some of the lines would fail to receive the pigment, or would be + overcharged. This was especially liable to happen when the blocks + were worn and the edges of the lines became rounded. A little more or + a little less pigment sometimes made a decided difference in the tone + of the print, and, it may be noted, has not infrequently determined + the nature and the extent of the discolouration wrought by + time.</p><a name="fig12" id="fig12"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat071.jpg" alt= + "HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister." title= + "HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In printing, a + sheet of paper was laid upon the block and the printer rubbed off the + impression, using for the purpose a kind of pad called <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page19">[pg 19]</span> a <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">baren.</span></em> + This was applied to the back of the paper and manipulated with a + circular movement of the hand. By varying the dampness of the paper + and the degree of pressure the colour could be forced deep into the + paper, or left upon the outer fibres only, so that the whiteness of + those below the surface would shine through, giving the peculiar + effect of light which is seen at its best in some of the surimono + (prints designed for distribution at New Year's or other particular + occasions) by Hokusai and his contemporaries. Uninked blocks were + used for embossing portions of the designs. The skill of the printer + was a large factor in producing the best results. Even the brilliancy + of the colour resulted largely from his manipulation of the pigments + and various little tricks in their application. The first impressions + were not the best, some forty or fifty having to be pulled before the + block would take the colour properly. Many kinds of paper were used. + For the best of the old prints it was thick, spongy in texture, and + of an almost ivory tone. The finest specimens were printed under the + direct personal supervision of the artists who designed them. Every + detail was looked after with the utmost care. No pains were spared in + mixing the tints, in charging the blocks, in laying on the paper so + as to get the best possible impressions. Experiments were often tried + by varying the colour schemes. Prints of important series, as, for + example, Hokusai's famous <span class="tei tei-q">“Thirty-six Views + of Fuji,”</span> are met with in widely divergent colourings.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The pigments most + frequently used were comparatively few, and different lots of the + same pigment seem to have been far from uniform in hue. As to this + and some other points upon which we should be glad to have light, no + very certain information exists. We do not know how soon some of the + colours began to fade. Internal evidence indicates that in some + instances the change took place within a comparatively short time, as + in the case of the lovely blue used by Harunobu and ShunshoÌ
chiefly + as a colour for sky and water. It appears to have been a compound + tint formed of blue mixed with some other colour to modify its + intensity. In the change which followed—possibly a chemical one—the + blue disappeared in whole or in part, leaving in its stead a buff hue + having peculiar depth and a soft, velvety texture. To our + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page20">[pg 20]</span> eyes the modified + colour is often far more beautiful than the original, but the + variation, it may safely be asserted, was not desired by the + artist.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The quality of the + colour wrought by these changes explains why it is not possible + to-day to reproduce the prints successfully. The printing process is + still in use, and, as the plates in such publications as <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Kokka”</span> attest, very splendid results are still + yielded by it. But some of the old pigments cannot now be obtained; + and if they could be, we should still have to wait long years for + time to mellow the prints made with them. Indigo can be had, but it + is not the same indigo and its colour is not quite like the old, + which was extracted from blue cloth imported from China. Beni can be + made, but the secret of the blue added to it to produce the divine + violet seen in many of the prints has been lost, as has that of the + precious moss-green used by Utamaro. Many reproductions have been + made during the last twenty-five years, and some of them are + extremely clever; but the printing lacks depth, and when placed + beside the old works they appear dull and lifeless.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Colour-prints were + made for many purposes. To some extent they were used as + advertisements. Incidentally they served as fashion plates. Some were + regularly published and sold in shops. Others were designed expressly + upon orders from patrons, to whom the entire edition—sometimes a very + small one—was delivered. The number struck from any block, or set of + blocks, varied widely. Of the more popular prints many editions were + printed, each one, as might be expected, inferior to those that + preceded it. Not infrequently the Yedo publishers removed from their + out-of-date blocks the marks showing their imprint, and sold them to + publishers in Osaka and Nagoya, by whom poor and cheap editions were + issued. Eiraku-ya of Nagoya, in particular, is said to have bought + many old blocks, some of which were revamped in various ways before + being reprinted.</p><a name="fig13" id="fig13"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat072.jpg" alt= + "HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister." title= + "HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HARUNOBU. The Sleeping Elder Sister. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In a number of + instances, when blocks had worn out or had been accidentally + destroyed in the fires by which Yedo was ravaged, the artists were + called upon to make new drawings of the same subjects. Usually, in + such cases, the second design differed very little from the first, + save in such details as the patterns upon the garments of the + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page21">[pg 21]</span> figures and the + styles of hair arrangement, which invariably reflected the current + mode. Kiyonaga's <span class="tei tei-q">“Iris Garden”</span> and his + well-known triptych <span class="tei tei-q">“Ushiwaka Serenading + Jorurihime”</span> are notable examples of this practice. Two designs + of each of these were issued, the intervals between the appearance of + the first and second being, in each instance, about three or four + years. For the later editions of many of the prints designed by + Harunobu changes were made in the blocks, and the number was + sometimes increased and sometimes decreased. After his death + re-engravings of a number of his prints appear to have been made, as + well as forged works in imitation of his style to which his name was + attached.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Most of the prints + were sold at the time of publication for a few sen. The finer ones + brought relatively higher prices, and such prints as the great + triptychs and still larger compositions by Kiyonaga, Eishi, Toyokuni, + Utamaro, and other leading artists could never have been very cheap. + In general, however, the price was small and they were regarded as + ephemeral things. Many were used to ornament the small screens that + served to protect kitchen fires from the wind, and in this use were + inevitably soiled and browned by smoke. Others, made into kakemono or + mounted upon the sliding partitions of the houses, perished in the + fires by which Japanese cities have been devastated; or, if in houses + that chanced safely to run the gauntlet of fires, typhoons, + cloudbursts, and other mishaps, their colours faded and their + surfaces were rubbed until little more than dim outlines were left. + These lost prints include a very large proportion of those that were + most beautiful, and especially of those having inoffensive + subjects.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Fortunately, + though the upper classes did not consider the prints as works of art, + that did not prevent them from buying them for the entertainment they + afforded. The samurai, though they considered it degrading to take + part in the amusements of the lower classes and affected to despise + the vulgarity of the theatre, sometimes attended the performances in + disguise. And when they returned to their home provinces with their + feudal lords after the six months of every year spent in the capital, + they usually carried with them large quantities of prints. Country + people visiting Yedo rarely returned without taking <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page22">[pg 22]</span> many of these cheap souvenirs + of the city to distribute among their neighbours. Of course many were + destroyed, but the Japanese have always been accustomed to take care + of their possessions, and so many thousands of prints were neatly + packed away in boxes and placed in the kuras, or fireproof + storehouses. There they were often spoiled by mildew, the dread foe + of the Japanese housewife, and eaten by insects. Those pasted in + albums, as were many of the noted series by Hokusai and Hiroshige, + fared better than the loose ones.</p><a name="fig14" id="fig14"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat080.jpg" alt="HARUNOBU. Woman reading Letter." + title="HARUNOBU. Woman reading Letter." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HARUNOBU. Woman reading Letter. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thus it has come + about that in spite of the enormous number printed, really choice + specimens are very rare. Of many of the most important only two or + three copies in good condition are known. Even at the time of their + issue the number of those in what may be called the <span class= + "tei tei-q">“proof”</span> state could not have been large. The best + printing, as has already been pointed out, was not only difficult and + relatively expensive—perhaps prohibitively expensive in many + instances except for a small number of impressions—but when the + blocks had worn so that the edges of the finest lines had lost their + sharpness, it was quite impossible. Collections of prints were rarely + made. Literary men often saved such as were inscribed with odes of + especial merit, or had recondite meanings that appealed to them, and + to their care we are indebted for the preservation of the majority of + those that have survived in perfect or nearly perfect condition.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">For those who have + learned the elements of their language the charm of the prints is + very great. I should perhaps say the charm of some of the prints is + very great; for, as we learn what we ought to admire, we learn to + discriminate, at first between the works of the different artists, + then between different works by the same artist, and finally between + different copies of the same work. The truth is that the prints are + only in a remote sense to be spoken of as reproductions. Each + impression is more or less an individual work of art; the difference + in quality between one and another is often astonishingly wide.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In conclusion it + may be well to specify briefly some of the qualities in the prints + that appeal to people of taste. In the first place, there is the + compelling charm of colour. Equally notable are excellence of + composition, grace, beauty, and sweep of line, distinctive character, + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page23">[pg 23]</span> daringness of + conception, and perfect balance of both line and mass. Collectively + the prints furnish the clearest exemplification of the basic + principles of design that the world has to offer. Nowhere else can we + find so much accomplished with simple means. Technically, also, they + fulfil every requirement. Considered merely as wood-engravings, they + are of the first order of excellence. Though the drawing is seldom + scientifically accurate, it is, nevertheless, of exquisite refinement + and subtlety. In short, the best prints are creative works of very + high order which amply justify our admiration because of their + intrinsic merit.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page24">[pg + 24]</span> <a name="fig15" id="fig15"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat086.jpg" alt= + "KORYUSAI. Musume leaping from Temple Balcony." title= + "KORYUSAI. Musume leaping from Temple Balcony." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + KORYUSAI. Musume leaping from Temple Balcony. + </div> + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page25">[pg 25]</span> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc16" id="toc16"></a> <a name="pdf17" id="pdf17"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">CATALOGUE OF A LOAN COLLECTION OF + JAPANESE COLOUR-PRINTS</span></h1> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">THE JAPAN SOCIETY OF NEW + YORK</span></h1> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">FIFTH AVENUE BUILDING. APRIL 19 TO MAY + 19, 1911</span></h1><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page26">[pg + 26]</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page27">[pg 27]</span> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <a name="toc18" id="toc18"></a> <a name="pdf19" id="pdf19"></a> + + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">INTRODUCTION</span></h2> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The leading + masters of the Ukiyoé school were a group of very great artists. + The names of Kiyonaga, Harunobu, Okumura Masanobu, Utamaro, + Hokusai, and Hiroshige belong in the category of those whose fame + is world-wide.</p><a name="fig20" id="fig20"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat101.jpg" alt="SHUNSHO. Woman in Red." title= + "SHUNSHO. Woman in Red." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + SHUNSHO. Woman in Red. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The finest of + the colour-prints designed by these men and their fellow-artists + are masterpieces of rare distinction. This does not mean that all + of their works should be so classed. The method by which the prints + were produced enabled the artists to turn them out rapidly, and + many were made that were trivial in character. They served almost + as many purposes in their time as engravings, etchings, + lithographs, and the photographic process reproductions do with us + to-day. Naturally they varied widely in merit and in quality. Many + have been preserved, but the important prints by the greater + artists are unfortunately very rare; few of them have survived the + vicissitudes of time, and fewer still in good condition.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The inception of + the Ukiyoé school dates back to the early years of the seventeenth + century, when a painter named Iwasa Matahei, departing from the + traditional subjects of the painters of the classic schools, made + pictures of dancing-girls and scenes of every-day life. The first + prints were made about 1660 by Hishikawa Moronobu and were in + simple black outline. They were sometimes coloured by hand with a + few touches of colour roughly laid on, probably by the publisher's + assistants.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the early + years of the seventeenth century a style of colouring known as + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">tan-yé</span></em> (from the predominant use + of a red-lead pigment known as tan) came into vogue. A little later + prints were sold with more elaborate hand-colouring. Lacquer was + mixed with the pigments to give them brilliancy, and the prints + were known as <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">urushi-yé,</span></em> or lacquer prints. In + or about the year 1742 Okumura Masanobu began <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page28">[pg 28]</span> to make the first true + colour-prints. For these he used only two colours, green and a soft + red called <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">beni,</span></em> and the prints were known as + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">beni-yé.</span></em> For some years + difficulties connected with the printing prevented the use of more + than two colour-blocks, and not until 1764 was a method discovered + which made it possible to use as many blocks as might be required. + Suzuki Harunobu was the first artist to take advantage of the + discovery. The prints designed by him during the next six years are + among the finest works of the school. Under his guidance and that + of Katsukawa Shunsho, the art of colour-printing was brought to + perfection. Then followed a period when many prints of precious + quality were produced. The culmination was reached during the + seventeen hundred and eighties, when Torii Kiyonaga turned out his + marvellous single sheets, diptychs, and triptychs.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Many splendid + prints were designed in the next decade. It was then that Eishi + made his delightful triptychs, that Sharaku stirred the people of + Yedo with his wonderful caricature portraits of popular actors, and + that Utamaro gained wide fame by the products of his facile brush. + It was, however, a period of decadence, and by the end of the + century a considerable distance had been travelled upon the + downward path.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The prints made + in the nineteenth century were, for the most part, coarse and + gaudy, the chief exceptions being those designed by Hokusai and + Hiroshige. These men, though classed as of the Ukiyoé school, in + reality represent what may more properly be termed another + <span class="tei tei-q">“movement”</span> growing out of, but + distinct from, the Ukiyoé art that reached its apogee under + Kiyonaga.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">While the + present exhibition includes specimens of most of the different + kinds of prints—some of them, more especially the earlier ones, of + extreme rarity—historical completeness has not been attempted. The + aim has been rather to show such prints of exceptional quality and + beauty as are available in New York.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-signed" style="text-align: right"> + FREDERICK W. GOOKIN + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page29">[pg 29]</span> + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page30">[pg 30]</span> <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page31">[pg 31]</span> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <a name="toc21" id="toc21"></a> <a name="pdf22" id="pdf22"></a> + + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">CATALOGUE</span></h2> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + HISHIKAWA MORONOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Moronobu, who + was born probably in 1625 and died in 1695, was the first + important Japanese artist to design prints. As a painter he is + highly renowned. He illustrated many books and made a + considerable number of single-sheet prints, which were all either + in plain black or coloured by hand. His works are now very + rare.<a id="noteref_6" name="noteref_6" href= + "#note_6"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">6</span></span></a></p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"></p> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">1</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + sumi-yé (ink print).</span></em> Matsukaze-Murasame; a + nobleman and two ladies at the seashore watching two + women dipping salt water in buckets.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">2</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Sumi-yé.</span></em> A man and a + woman seated on the floor of a room.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">3</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Sumi-yé.</span></em> Woman reading + from a book to a man reclining on the floor by her side. + Near them a maid-servant and utensils containing + refreshments.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"></p> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">4</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Sumi-yé.</span></em> Scene in the + Yoshiwara.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TORII KIYONOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Founder of + the Torii line and one of the leading artists of the Ukiyoé + school. Inventor of the tan-yé, or prints coloured by hand with + red lead (Japanese <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">tan)</span></em>. He was born in 1664 and + died on August 22, 1729. His style of drawing was characterized + by great boldness and vigour.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">5</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + tan-yé.</span></em> The actor Dekijima Hanya as a woman + seated upon a sakura tree in bloom.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">6</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Small + tan-yé.</span></em> The actor Ikushima Daikichi as a + woman holding two small dogs.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">7</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Small + tan-yé.</span></em> The actor Kamimura Kichisaburo as a + dancing-girl.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">8</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + hand-coloured print.</span></em> The actor Ikushima + Daikichi as an oiran on parade, followed by OÌ
tani + Hiroji as a servant holding an umbrella over her.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">9</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Tall + hand-coloured print.</span></em> The actor Bando + Hikosaburo.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">10</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> Ichikawa + Monnosuke as a strolling player carrying a monkey on + his back.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">11</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> The + elopement of Yaoya Hanbei and O-Chiya.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">12</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> A + dancing-girl.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TORII KIYOMASU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Eldest son of + Kiyonobu, whom he succeeded as the head of the Torii line. His + work closely resembles that of his father. He was born about 1685 + and died on January 2, 1764.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4><a name= + "fig23" id="fig23"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat133.jpg" alt= + "KIYONAGA. Holiday Group at Gotenyama." title= + "KIYONAGA. Holiday Group at Gotenyama." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + KIYONAGA. Holiday Group at Gotenyama. + </div> + </div> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">13</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + sumi-yé.</span></em> An actors' boating party on the + Sumidagawa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">14</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + tan-yé.</span></em> The actors Yoshizawa Ayame and Kanto + Koroku.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">15</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + tan-yé.</span></em> The actors Kanto Koroku and Ikushima + Daikichi.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">16</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + beni-yé.</span></em> Ichikawa DanjuÌ
roÌ
as an enraged + warrior.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">17</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Onoe KikugoroÌ
+ in a female rôle.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">18</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Scene from a + drama. The actors Tomazawa SaijiroÌ
(on horseback), + OÌ
tani Hiroji, and Segawa KikunojoÌ
. The beni has + turned to a low-toned yellow.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">19</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> Scene from a + drama. OÌ
tani Oniji (on horseback) threatening Sannogawa + Ichimatsu in the rôle of a woman who has seized his + bridle rein.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">20</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Scene from a + drama. Sawamura SojuÌ
roÌ
as Sasaki no SaburoÌ
and + Nakamura TomijuÌ
roÌ
as Mago no Koroku.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + FURUYAMA MOROMASA</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pupil, and + perhaps the son, of Moronobu. He devoted himself chiefly to + painting, but designed a few prints, most of which are ukiyé, or + perspective pictures, in the style of Okumura Masanobu.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">21</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + hand-coloured ukiyé, or perspective print.</span></em> A + game of ken in a room in a nobleman's house.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + OKUMURA MASANOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the + most eminent of the Ukiyoé artists. His drawings were greatly + admired for their rare combination of force and refinement, and + he exercised wide influence over his contemporaries and + successors to the end of the eighteenth century. He was the first + artist to use blocks from which prints were coloured in flat + tints. These were printed in the red known as beni, green, and + black, and were known as beni-yé. He was also the first artist to + make the tall, narrow pillar prints (ha-shira-yé), and was the + inventor of the perspective prints which he called <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">ukiyé.</span></em> His true name was Okumura + Genpachi, and he was commonly known as honya (bookseller) + Genpachi, from the fact that he was the proprietor of a wholesale + and retail book and print shop at the sign of the <span class= + "tei tei-q">“red gourd”</span> in Tori-shio choÌ
, Yedo.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">22</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + sumi-yé.</span></em> Woman seated by a writing-table, + reading a book.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">23</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> Bando + Hikosaburo as a warrior resisting the opening of a castle + door.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">24</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Tall + beni-yé.</span></em> A geisha playing upon a + samisen.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">25</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + sumi-yé.</span></em> A woman with a pet cat watching a + man dip water from a chozubachi.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">26</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + beni-yé.</span></em> Segawa KikunojoÌ
as an oiran + lighting her pipe at a hibachi in the hands of her + kamuro, and Sannogawa Ichimatsu as a man holding an + umbrella over her.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">27</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Undivided + beni-yé triptych.</span></em> Street scene. A boy + kneeling to put on a woman's geta; a man playing upon a + shakuhachi; and another man carrying an umbrella.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">28</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Undivided + triptych.</span></em> Three women carrying + umbrellas.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + OKUMURA TOSHINOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Toshinobu, the + son of Masanobu, was an artist of decided talent who died young. + His known works, which resemble those of his father, are all + urushi-yé, and were designed about 1730-1736.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">29</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichimura Uzaemon as a + dancing-girl.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">30</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman dressing.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">31</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Sanjo KentaroÌ
in a female + rôle.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TSUNEKAWA SHIGENOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An early + Ukiyoé artist of whom little is known. His prints are extremely + rare.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">32</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> Arashi Wakano + in the rôle of Shida no KotaroÌ
.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + NISHIMURA SHIGENAGA</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Son of + Shigenobu. Born in 1697 and died in 1756. An artist of ability + who exercised marked influence upon the development of the + school. His prints are very uneven in quality.</p><span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page35">[pg 35]</span> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">33</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Tall + hand-coloured print.</span></em> The actor Sannogawa + Ichimatsu as a woman holding a folded letter.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">34</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Urushi-yé.</span></em> Segawa + Kikunojo as a woman holding a warrior's helmet.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">35</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Procession of + the Corean ambassadors.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + ISHIKAWA TOYONOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the + most important of the Ukiyoé masters. Born in 1711, died in 1785. + Pupil of Shigenaga, and probably of Masanobu whose style he + closely assimilated.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">36</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Large + beni-yé.</span></em> The actors Segawa Kikunojo and + Sannogawa Ichimatsu.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">37</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Wide + print from three colour-blocks.</span></em> Women and + children at the seashore.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">38</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Tall + hand-coloured print.</span></em> Segawa KikunojoÌ
as a + woman reading a letter.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">39</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Two + sheets from a beni-yé triptych.</span></em> Musume + carrying umbrellas.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">40</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Mother and + son.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">41</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Print + from three colour-blocks.</span></em> Boys rolling a + large snowball.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">42</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Print + from three colour-blocks.</span></em> Man struggling with + a refractory umbrella; a woman looking on.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page36">[pg 36]</span> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TORII KIYOHIRO</h3><a name="fig24" id="fig24"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat138.jpg" alt="KIYONAGA. Picnic Party." + title="KIYONAGA. Picnic Party." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + KIYONAGA. Picnic Party. + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pupil of + Kiyomasu. His known works are exclusively beni-yé, executed from + about 1745 to about 1755.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">43</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Nakamura + HatsugoroÌ
as Sakura no Suké.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TORII SHIRO</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Known as + Kiyonobu the second, all of his prints being signed Torii + Kiyonobu. He was the eldest son of Kiyomasu. Worked from about + 1740 to about 1755, when it is probable that his death occurred. + Some of the most charming of the beni-yé prints are from his + hand.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">44</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Yamamoto + IwanojoÌ
as a woman dancing by a fox-trap in a rice + field under a blossoming cherry tree.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">TORII KIYOMITSU</span></h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Second son of + Kiyomasu, whom he succeeded as the head of the Torii line. An + artist of distinction. Was the first to add a third colour-block + to the original two. He was born in 1735 and died in 1785. After + 1765 he designed only a few prints, and appears to have designed + none later than about 1768.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">45</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Wide + print from three colour-blocks.</span></em> The NoÌ
+ performance of <span class="tei tei-q">“Musume + DoÌ
joÌ
ji.”</span></td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">46</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Wide + print from three colour-blocks.</span></em> Daimyo + procession game by women and children.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">47</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Print + from three colour-blocks.</span></em> Iwai HanshiroÌ
as + a woman reading a letter while seated upon a + carabao.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">48</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Scene from a + drama. Ichimura KamezoÌ
(standing) as Wakemi GoroÌ
and + Nakamura TomijuÌ
roÌ
as Akoya.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + SUZUKI HARUNOBU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The central + figure in Ukiyoé and the eminent master under whose hand the art + of colour-printing was brought to perfection in the sixties of + the eighteenth century. He was a draughtsman of extreme elegance + and power, and his works have a charm that is peculiarly their + own. He died on July 7, 1770, when, says Shiba Kokan in his book + <span class="tei tei-q">“Kokan Kokai-ki,”</span> he <span class= + "tei tei-q">“had hardly passed his fortieth year.”</span></p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUAL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">49</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Girl attendant in an archery + gallery gathering up arrows. One sheet of a diptych.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">50</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A young woman showing a caged + bird to a young man seated before her, and + surreptitiously taking a love letter from him.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">51</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A vendor of fan mounts stopping + to talk to a young woman standing in front of a + shop.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">52</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Woman + writing a love letter.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">53</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Woman + holding a pet dog.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">54</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Burlesque scene. Girls carrying + Daikoku (the genius of wealth—one of the <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Seven Fortune-beings”</span>).</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">55</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Girls carrying Daikoku. A later + impression with different colouring.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">56</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">An archer and two girls near a + screen. Calendar for 1765.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">57</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Young woman before a torii, + carrying a hammer and nails with which to perform an + incantation.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">58</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two young women on their way to + the public bath-house through a storm of snow and + rain.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">59</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two girls on a terrace near a + torii, in the time of the cherry-blossoming.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">60</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two girls gathering mume flowers + from a tree overhanging a wall.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">61</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman reading a letter by the + light of an andon (portable lamp with wind screen) which + another woman is trimming.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">62</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Geisha and a young girl standing + on the bank near the rapids of the Tamagawa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">63</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Young woman seated in a window, + conversing with another young woman seated on the floor + and holding a picture-book.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">64</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Young man removing snow from the + geta of a young woman.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">65</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman lying upon the floor of a + room, reading a book, and another woman standing beside + her, holding a pipe.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">66</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Young woman seated on a veranda + after her bath, having her back massaged by her + maid.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">67</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Young man talking to a girl + through the bars of a window.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">68</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A burlesque apparition of Fugen. + Instead of the Buddhist divinity, a young woman seated on + an elephant appears on a cloud before a priest kneeling + in prayer.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">69</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Lovers walking in the snow under + an umbrella. One of Harunobu's most distinguished + prints.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">70</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The Sleeping Elder Sister. First + state. Early impression signed by the printer, + Kyosen.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">71</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The Sleeping Elder Sister. + Second state. Changes made in the blocks and + colouring.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">72</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The Sleeping Elder Sister. Still + later impression. Colouring changed again, and the number + of blocks increased from ten to thirteen.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">73</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The Hole in the Wall.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">74</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Mother holding her infant + son.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">75</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">At the entrance gate.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">76</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Mother taking her infant son + from another woman and handing her a letter.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">77</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Lovers in a palace.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">78</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Musume walking up a flight of + steps leading to a temple.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">79</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Lovers playing battledore and + shuttlecock; the young man climbing a ladder to disengage + the shuttlecock caught upon the branch of a mume + tree.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">80</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Woman in + night attire standing by her bedside reading a + letter.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + SHIBA KOKAN</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An artist who + is best known as a clever imitator of his master, Harunobu, whose + signature he forged upon a number of prints. He also used the + <span class="tei tei-q">“goÌ
,”</span> or studio name, Harushige + in signing prints in the Harunobu manner. In later years he + painted pictures in semi-European style, and made copper-plate + engravings which were coloured by hand. He was born in 1747 and + died in 1818.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">81</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The courtyard of a house in the + Yoshiwara. A woman reading a letter and a girl attendant + standing beside her holding a tray. Signed Harunobu.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + SHOSHOKEN</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This is the + pseudonym of an artist of distinction whose identity has not been + determined. His known works are calendar prints for 1765.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">82</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Stout lady crossing a room in a + palace supported by two attendants. The use of gold leaf + is notable.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page40">[pg 40]</span> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KITAO SHIGEMASA</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the + noted artists of the school. Was famous for his skill as a + calligrapher, being reputed to have no superior in his day in + either of the <span class="tei tei-q">“three capitals,”</span> + Yedo, Kyoto, or Osaka. His prints, which are rare, are generally + of much distinction. He was born in 1740, and died in the second + month of Bunsei 3 (February or March, 1820).</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">83</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Children's puppet show.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">84</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Beni-yé.</span></em> Segawa + KikunojoÌ
and Ichimura Uzaemon as Izumo no Okuni and + Nagoya Sanza, two komuso, playing upon shaku-hachi.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">85</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two geishas.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + ISODA KORYUSAI</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The most + important pupil of Harunobu, whose style he followed closely in + his early works. Later he developed a manner of his own. As a + designer of pillar prints and of prints of birds, he was + especially successful. He was a samurai and associated with + samurai of the superior class. The director of the mint was one + of his most intimate friends and patrons. About 1781 he gave up + print-designing, devoted himself to painting, and was given the + honorary title of Hokyo. The dates of his birth and death are not + known.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">86</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Musume + leaping from the balcony of Kiyomidzu temple with an + umbrella as a parachute.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">87</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman standing on the engawa of + a house, admiring snow-laden bamboo branches; back of + her, a girl and a young boy looking through a + window.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">88</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A Yoshiwara beauty arranging + flowers; two girl attendants looking on.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">89</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Musume + carrying her infant brother.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">90</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Young woman + poling a boat in a lily-pond.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">91</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A Yoshiwara beauty on parade, + attended by a girl and a boy.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">92</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> The bijin + JuroÌ
jin. A young woman is represented in place of the + long-life being whose attributes are a crane and a + tortoise.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KATSUKAWA SHUNSHO</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A contemporary + of Harunobu and one of the greatest of the Ukiyoé artists. He was + highly renowned in his day and had many pupils who became famous. + Most of his prints were portraits of actors in character. He was + born in 1726 and died on January 22, 1793.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">93</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Segawa Kikunojo as a woman + holding a red fan.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">94</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two actors in character. The + seated figure is DanjuÌ
roÌ
, the leading <span class= + "tei tei-q">“star”</span> of the Yedo stage.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">95</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Actor in a female rôle.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">96</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Iwai HanshiroÌ
as a woman + standing and holding a fan behind her.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">97</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Yamashita Kinsaku in a female + rôle.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">98</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Actor of the Ichikawa line in + the rôle of Shibaraku at the Ichimura theatre.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">99</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">OÌ
tani Hiroji as an Amazake + vendor.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">100</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Nobleman + carrying a court lady on his back. Probably a parody upon + the suicide of Ohan and Choyaemon.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">101</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Wide + hashira-yé.</span></em> The Woman in Red.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + IPPITSUSAI BUNCHOÌ
</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An artist of + samurai rank who, for a few years, designed actor prints in the + manner of Shunsho, which have great distinction of style and + colour. He was celebrated also as a writer of comic odes. He died + on May 18, 1796.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4><a name= + "fig25" id="fig25"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat102.jpg" alt= + "BUNCHO. Actor as Woman talking to Men." title= + "BUNCHO. Actor as Woman talking to Men." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + BUNCHO. Actor as Woman talking to Men. + </div> + </div> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">102</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Bando Hikosaburo as a woman of + the Yoshiwara talking to a group of men through the + misé.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">103</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Nakamura TomijuÌ
roÌ
as Josan + no Miya.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig26" id="fig26"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat103.jpg" alt= + "KIYONAGA. Man and two Women approaching Temple." title= + "KIYONAGA. Man and two Women approaching Temple." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + KIYONAGA. Man and two Women approaching Temple. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">104</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A Yoshiwara beauty accompanied + by her kamuro (girl attendant) bearing a cage of + fireflies.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">105</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa KorazoÌ
as a man + carrying an actor's dressing-case.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">106</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Scene from a drama. Yamashita + Kinsaku as a woman holding a roll of paper, conversing + with Ichikawa KomazoÌ
, who holds a letter in his + hand.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KATSUKAWA SHUNKOÌ
</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pupil of + Shunsho and generally regarded as his most talented follower. His + career as a print-designer was cut short by a stroke of paralysis + when he was in his forty-fifth or forty-sixth year, but he lived + for about <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page43">[pg 43]</span> + forty years thereafter as a recluse at Zenfukuji temple, Azabu, + Yedo, where he died in 1827.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">107</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Iwai Hanshiro in a female + rôle.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">108</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The actor Ichikawa + Monnosuke.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">109</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Nakamura TomijuÌroÌ
as a + tsuzumi player.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">110</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Arashi Tatsuzo as a woman + flower-vendor.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KATSUKAWA SHUNYEI</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pupil of + ShunshoÌ
and an artist of ability. At first, for a short time, + he called himself ShunjoÌ
. He was born in 1767, and died on + December 13, 1819.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">111</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A bijin.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">112</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa Monnosuke in a female + rôle.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">113</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Scene from the tenth act of + <span class="tei tei-q">“Chushingura.”</span></td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">114</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa KomazoÌ
.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + UTAGAWA TOYOHARU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pupil of + Toyonobu. As a painter his reputation is justly high. He did not + design many prints. He was born in 1735 and died on March 3, + 1814.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">114</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Cock, hen and chickens.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page44">[pg 44]</span> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TORII KIYONAGA</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Everything + considered, the greatest artist of the Ukiyoé school and the + culminating figure in its forward movement. He was born in 1742 + and died in 1815. His finest prints were designed between 1780 + and 1790.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUEL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">116</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The Writing-lesson.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">117</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Fair travellers resting on a + bench by the roadside.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">118</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two geishas entertaining a young + man.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">119</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Court ladies on the engawa of a + palace.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">120</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Three girls going to the baths + at the hot springs near Miyanoshita.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">121</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Man and two women masquerading + in komusoÌ
attire.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">122</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Group of three women and a + boy.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">123</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two women standing beside a + seated geisha who is playing on a samisen.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">124</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Yoshiwara beauty attended by two + women (shinzo) and two girls (kamuro).</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">125</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two young women and a servant on + the balcony of an inn.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">126</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Family group on their way to a + temple for the naming ceremony of the boy who is carried + on the shoulders of an attendant.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">127</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">An actor and two women examining + utensils for the tea ceremony.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">128</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Women and children promenading + in summer costume.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">129</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Scene from a drama. Two actors + playing the game of <span class="tei tei-q">“go”</span> + with mume blossoms, and a third actor as a woman in the + rôle of an umpire standing between them.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">130</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two young women walking under an + umbrella and followed by a servant.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">131</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Man in a black haori approaching + a temple through the snow, accompanied by two women.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">132</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Diptych.</span></em> Group of women + under a cherry tree.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">133</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Diptych.</span></em> Holiday group + under the cherry trees at Gotenyama. One of a series of + twelve diptychs that are among Kiyonaga's finest + works.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">134</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Boating party under Ryogoku + bridge. Two sheets of a triptych.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">135</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> The Peony + (botan) Show.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">136</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Women landing + from a pleasure boat.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">137</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hashira-yé.</span></em> Woman in + winter costume.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">138</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> A picnic party + under the cherry trees.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">139</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Group of women on the bank of + the Sumida river.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">140</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Group of women near a + temple.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">141</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Three women at a public + bath-house.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KATSUKAWA SHUNCHO</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Pupil of + ShunshoÌ
. Followed the style of Torii Kiyonaga. His works + closely resemble those of the Torii master, but have less force. + Worked from about 1775 to about 1795. In some of his later prints + he imitated Eishi's prints in the Utamaro manner. The dates of + his birth and death are not known.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUAL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">142</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">One sheet of a triptych showing + a nobleman's mansion from the garden, with the people + engaged in various occupations.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">143</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Women watching girls bouncing + balls.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">144</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Diptych.</span></em> Group at the + entrance to a temple.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">145</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Three women in a temple + compound.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig27" id="fig27"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat143.jpg" alt= + "SHUNCHO. Women watching Girls bouncing Balls." title= + "SHUNCHO. Women watching Girls bouncing Balls." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + SHUNCHO. Women watching Girls bouncing Balls. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page46">[pg 46]</span> + + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">146</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Group of girls at a tea booth by + the seashore.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">147</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A picnic party. Two sheets of a + triptych.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">148</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Women picking wild flowers under + a cherry tree in bloom.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + HOSODA EISHI</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the + foremost artists of the school. He was a samurai of high rank, + and a pupil of Kano Eisen. For three years before he took to + Ukiyoé he held an official post in the household of the shogun + Iyeharu. Eishi was a master of all the resources of the art of + colour-printing and his prints are characterized by great + elegance and refinement. He worked from about 1782 to 1800, when + he gave up print-designing. He died in 1829.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUAL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">149</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Eight women + and a man playing the game of <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Catch the fox.”</span></td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">150</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Group of Yoshiwara women and + attendants.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">151</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Someyama and her kamuro playing + with a pet dog.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">152</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Yoshiwara women admiring a + branch of mume tree with unopened flower buds.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">153</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Fête in a + nobleman's palace. Ladies composing poems.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig28" id="fig28"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat153.jpg" alt= + "EISHI. Fête in a nobleman's palace." title= + "EISHI. Fête in a nobleman's palace." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + EISHI. Fête in a nobleman's palace. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY MRS. WILLIAM BENJAMIN WOOD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">154</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Another copy of the foregoing + triptych. Shows how beautifully the purple changes by + chemical decomposition.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">155</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Oiran and attendants on + parade.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">156</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A Yoshiwara beauty. Ink proof of + the key block.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">157</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Two women entering a room in the + palace of Prince Genji, where a young girl is seated + playing with a kitten.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + YEISHOSAI CHOKI</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An artist of + ability, though not quite of the first rank. His prints are rare. + He worked at first in the style of Kiyonaga. Later he imitated + Utamaro, and changed his <span class="tei tei-q">“goÌ
,”</span> + or studio name, to Momokawa Shiko.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">158</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman and child catching + fireflies.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + TOSHUSAI SHARAKU</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This artist + was by profession a performer of the stately and aristocratic No + dramas in the service of Hachisuka, Daimyo of Awa. During the + period from about 1790 to 1795 he designed a small number of + caricature portraits of actors, which have great force and + distinguished character.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY YAMANAKA & COMPANY.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">159</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The actor<a id="noteref_7" name= + "noteref_7" href="#note_7"><span class= + "tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">7</span></span></a> + Tanimura TorazoÌ
in the rôle of Kakogawa HonzoÌ
.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">160</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa EbizoÌ
in the rôle of + Ko no Moronao. This print bears an inscription, probably + contemporary, giving the date 1794.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">161</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Onoe Matsusuke as one of the + Loyal Ronin.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">162</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Rando HikosaburoÌ
in the rôle + of Yuranosuke.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">163</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Iwai HanshiroÌ
in the rôle of + Oishi, wife of Yuranosuke.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">164</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa Monnosuke as one of the + Loyal Ronin.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">165</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Morita Kanya as one of the Loyal + Ronin.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">166</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Segawa TominojoÌ
in the rôle of + Kaoyo Gozen, wife of Yenya.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">167</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Sawamura SojuÌ
roÌ
in the rôle + of Yenya Hanguwan.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">168</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Arashi TatsuzoÌ
in the rôle of + Yoichibei.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">169</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Sakata HangoroÌ
as + Ten-ichi-boÌ
Hotaku.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">170</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Segawa TominojoÌ
and Nakamura + ManjuÌ
roÌ
in female rôles.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">171</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Nakajima Utaemon and Nakamura + KonozoÌ
.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">172</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa OmezoÌ
in the rôle of + Sukeroku.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">173</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Matsumoto KoshiroÌ
in the rôle + of the otokadaté Banzuin Chobei. This print is commonly + known as <span class="tei tei-q">“The man with the + pipe.”</span></td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">174</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Matsumoto YonesaburoÌ
in the + rôle of Okaru, wife of Kampei.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">175</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Ichikawa YaozoÌ
in the rôle of + Hayano Kampei.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">176</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Kosagawa TsuneyoÌ
in the rôle + of Tonasé, wife of Kakogawa HonzoÌ
.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">177</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">OÌ
tani Oniji in the rôle of + Sadakuro.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">178</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Sannogawa Ichimatsu in a female + rôle.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">178a</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Nakayama TomisaburoÌ
in the + rôle of Komurasaki, and Ichikawa KomazoÌ
as her lover, + Shirai Gompachi, walking with her under a huge + umbrella.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig29" id="fig29"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat178.jpg" alt="SHARAKU. Two Actors." + title="SHARAKU. Two Actors." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + SHARAKU. Two Actors. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">179</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Segawa TominojoÌ
.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KITAGAWA UTAMARO</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the + most gifted and most widely known of the Ukiyoé masters. + Extraordinarily facile and brilliant. Born in 1753 and died in + 1806.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY SAMUAL ISHAM.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">180</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Imaginative + view of a fête in a Chinese palace. It is a medley of + Chinese and Japanese details intended as a take-off upon + the treatment of Chinese subjects by the painters of the + classic schools.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">181</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The hour of the Boar (9 to 12 + P.M.). One of a set illustrating the twelve hours into + which the Japanese day is divided.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">182</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Diptych.</span></em> Women in a + nobleman's palace, painting kakemono.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">183</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Yoshiwara beauties on + parade.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">183a</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A sheet from the <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Washing day”</span> triptych.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">184</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman helping a man attire + himself in ceremonial dress.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">185</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman bending over to see a baby + which another woman is nursing while seated before a + mirror, arranging her hair.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">186</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman talking to a fan-mount + vendor.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">187</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> The + persimmon-gatherers.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">188</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Procession of + a noble lady and women attendants on their way to a + temple, bearing offerings.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">189</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Shadows on the + shoji. Illustrations of three effects of sake (rice + wine).</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">190</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman arranging flowers.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">191</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The kitchen. One sheet of a + diptych.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">192</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A night excursion. One of + Utamaro's most famous prints.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">193</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Hairdresser combing a girl's + hair.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">194</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman with a young boy on her + back, watching three puppies at play.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">195</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Kitao Masanobu drunk with sake + at a fête in a daimyo's palace. Part of a triptych.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">196</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman wearing a black zukin, and + a maid bearing a lantern.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">197</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman standing on a pier, + holding an umbrella, and conversing with a man seated + under the canopy of a boat.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">198</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman bearing a teacup on a + lacquer stand.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">199</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman raising the mosquito + netting over her bed to read a letter by the light of an + andon.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">200</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Three performers in a niwaka, or + burlesque theatrical procession, in the streets of the + Yoshiwara.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">201</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman holding in her mouth a + <span class="tei tei-q">“pokan-pokan”</span>—a musical + toy of thin glass which makes a peculiar sound when air + is blown through it.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">202</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Boating + party.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">203</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> The awabé + divers of Isé.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">204</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Women and + children on a bridge.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig30" id="fig30"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat201.jpg" alt= + "UTAMARO. Woman with a Musical Toy." title= + "UTAMARO. Woman with a Musical Toy." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + UTAMARO. Woman with a Musical Toy. + </div> + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + UTAGAWA TOYOKUNI</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A brilliant + artist of high repute in his day. Some of his prints, especially + the earlier ones, are of distinguished quality. He was born in + 1769 and died on February 24, 1825.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">205</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Street scene + in the Yoshiwara.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">206</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Large head of an actor.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER FIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">207</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The actor Koraiya.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY HOWARD MANSFIELD.</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">208</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Musume raising a large + umbrella.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">209</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Women in a + public bath-house.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY THE ESTATE OF FRANCIS LATHROP, DECEASED</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">210</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> The Six + Tamagawa, represented by six women washing strips of + cloth in a rapid-flowing stream.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + <h4 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY A COLLECTOR</h4> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">211</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Woman accompanied by a maid + carrying a lantern.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">212</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Triptych.</span></em> Lady emerging + from a kago; her attendants grouped about her.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig31" id="fig31"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat209.jpg" alt= + "TOYOKUNI. Women in Bath House." title= + "TOYOKUNI. Women in Bath House." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + TOYOKUNI. Women in Bath House. + </div> + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + KATSUSHIKA HOKUSAI</h3> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A master of + extraordinary versatility and power. Perhaps the most widely + known of all the Japanese artists. He was born in 1760 and died + in the spring of 1849.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page51">[pg 51]</span> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">213</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Winter landscape.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">214</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Cranes on a snow-laden pine + tree.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">215</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Iris.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">216</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Turtles swimming.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER + FIELD.</span></h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">217</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Fuji san seen beneath a wave of + the sea at Kanazawa. Hokusai's famous <span class= + "tei tei-q">“wave.”</span></td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">LENT BY HOWARD + MANSFIELD.</span></h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">218</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">View of Fuji from Ushibori; a + large boat moored in the foreground.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig32" id="fig32"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat218.jpg" alt="HOKUSAI. Fuji from Ushibori." + title="HOKUSAI. Fuji from Ushibori." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HOKUSAI. Fuji from Ushibori. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">LENT BY A COLLECTOR</span></h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">219</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Winter landscape.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">ANDO HIROSHIGE</span></h2> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The last great + artist of the Ukiyoé school, and a consummate master of landscape + art. Born in 1797 and died on October 12, 1858.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">LENT BY HAMILTON EASTER + FIELD.</span></h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">220</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">A cold morning at Shono, on the + ToÌ
kaidoÌ
.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">221</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">View of Fuji san from Goyo.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">222</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Pine trees on the shore at + Hamamatsu.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">223</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Flying kites at Fukuroi.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">224</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The <span class="tei tei-q">“fox + fires”</span> at OÌ
ji.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">225</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Kinryusan, Asakusa, in snow.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">226</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The fields back of Asakusa seen + from a window through which a white cat is looking + out.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">227</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Travellers in snow at + Ishiyakushi.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><a name="fig33" id="fig33"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center"> + <img src="images/cat222.jpg" alt= + "HIROSHIGE. Pines at Hammamatsu." title= + "HIROSHIGE. Pines at Hammamatsu." /> + + <div class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + HIROSHIGE. Pines at Hammamatsu. + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em"> + LENT BY ALBERT GALLATIN.</h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">228</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Evening rain at Azumasha.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page53">[pg 53]</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page52">[pg 52]</span> + + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">LENT BY A COLLECTOR</span></h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">229</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Autumn moon over the river + Tama.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">230</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The evening glow at Setta.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">231</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">The crowd in Ni ChoÌ
(Second + Street) at night. At the right is the Ichimura theatre, + upon which and upon the tea-house across the way are tall + signs advertising plays and actors.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">232</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Aowi and bird.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">233</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Pheasant and young pine trees upon + a steep hillside.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">234</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Raftsman on the Sumida river in a + snow storm.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <h3 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em"> + <span style="font-size: 120%">LENT BY HOWARD + MANSFIELD.</span></h3> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">235</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Shower at ShoÌ
no.</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label">236</th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">GyoÌ
toku; boats returning.</td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-back" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 6.00em"> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <div id="pgfooter" class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <pre class="pre tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAPANESE COLOUR-PRINTS AND THEIR DESIGNERS*** +</pre> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <a name="rightpageheader34" id="rightpageheader34"></a><a name= + "pgtoc35" id="pgtoc35"></a><a name="pdf36" id="pdf36"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Credits</span></h1> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th class="tei tei-label tei-label-gloss">May 25, + 2013 </th> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tei tei-item tei-item-gloss"> + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" + style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label"></th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Project Gutenberg edition + 10</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label"></th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><span class= + "tei tei-respStmt"><span class= + "tei tei-name">Martin Schub</span></span></td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </td> + </tr> + </tbody> + </table> + </div> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <a name="rightpageheader37" id="rightpageheader37"></a><a name= + "pgtoc38" id="pgtoc38"></a><a name="pdf39" id="pdf39"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">A Word from Project + Gutenberg</span></h1> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This file + should be named 42811-h.html or 42811-h.zip.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This and all + associated files of various formats will be found in: <a href= + "http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/2/8/1/42811/" class= + "block tei tei-xref" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span style= + "font-size: 90%">http://www.gutenberg.org</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">/dirs/4/2/8/1/42811/</span></a></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Updated + editions will replace the previous one — the old editions will be + renamed.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Creating the + works from public domain print editions means that no one owns a + United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and + you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without + permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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