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+The Project Gutenberg eBook, Report of the Several Works Connected with
+the Draining, Paving & Lighting the Parish of Saint Mary Abbotts,
+Kensington, 1856, by James Broadbridge
+
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+
+
+
+Title: Report of the Several Works Connected with the Draining, Paving & Lighting the Parish of Saint Mary Abbotts, Kensington, 1856
+
+
+Author: James Broadbridge
+
+
+
+Release Date: January 29, 2013  [eBook #41946]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+
+***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE SEVERAL WORKS
+CONNECTED WITH THE DRAINING, PAVING & LIGHTING THE PARISH OF SAINT MARY
+ABBOTTS, KENSINGTON, 1856***
+
+
+Transcribed from the 1857 W. Brickhill edition by David Price, email
+ccx074@pglaf.org. Many thanks to the Royal Borough of Kensington and
+Chelsea Libraries for allowing their copy to be used for this transcription.
+
+
+
+
+
+                                  REPORT
+                                  OF THE
+                     SEVERAL WORKS CONNECTED WITH THE
+                       DRAINING, PAVING & LIGHTING
+                                   THE
+                PARISH OF SAINT MARY ABBOTTS, KENSINGTON,
+                                  1856.
+
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                          BY JAMES BROADBRIDGE,
+                                Surveyor.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+          PRINTED BY THE AUTHORITY OF THE VESTRY OF KENSINGTON.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+  BY W. BRICKHILL, STEAM MACHINE PRINTER, KENSINGTON AND WALWORTH ROADS.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+                                  1857.
+
+
+
+
+METROPOLIS LOCAL MANAGEMENT ACT,
+18 & 19 _Vic._, _Cap._ 120.
+
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+GENTLEMEN,
+
+IN laying before you a Statement, or Annual Report, of the various
+matters in my department, and works executed under my supervision, I
+would be allowed to state, that the parish of Kensington having been
+regulated since 1851, by the Kensington Improvement Act, passed in that
+year, has not been so substantially benefitted by the present Act, as
+have many other of the metropolitan parishes.
+
+During the four to five years the said Act was in operation, a vast
+number of improvements were effected, such as repairing footways, which
+were in a bad and dilapidated condition, and paving others which were not
+then paved.  A total sum in this item was expended to the amount of £9024
+5s. 9d.
+
+The sanitary state of the Parish was greatly improved by the properly
+scavengering and repairing roads, which had been neglected for many
+years.  A large amount of material was used, and I am happy to state,
+that during the term before mentioned, I was enabled to put these Roads
+into a good trafficable condition.
+
+The Act consolidated the various Lighting Districts then existing under
+the 3rd & 4th Will. 4, Cap. 90, and enabled the Commissioners to supply
+between two to three hundred additional lamps, and so better regulate and
+diffuse the lighting over the whole parish.
+
+Many new streets were paved and repaired by the owners, and others made
+up under the 27th section, all of which were taken to by the
+Commissioners.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+Under the provisions of the present Act, the whole of the management of
+the sewerage and drainage of the parish (the main lines excepted),
+together with certain regulations as to buildings, have been imposed upon
+the vestry; and I now endeavour, as briefly as possible, to describe the
+general manner by which this parish is drained, and to give an epitome of
+the general works done since the passing of the said Act.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+THE SEWERAGE OF THIS PARISH IS RECEIVED INTO FOUR MAIN LINES; viz.: the
+Counter Creek, the Church-street Sewer, the Queen-street Sewer, and
+Smith-street Sewer; of these, the Counter Creek is of the most
+importance, as it to a great extent serves to receive the various minor
+sewers.  This sewer enters two portions of the parish, one division at
+its northern, and the other at its eastern side.  At the extreme northern
+boundary, at Kensal Green, it has three distinct branches, western,
+central and eastern, flowing south and westerly, having two branches on
+the east and one on the west.
+
+The branch on the west is an open stream, passes as a brick sewer under
+the Canal and the Great Western Railway, where it again appears as an
+open ditch, and continues along on the verge of the Parish, there it
+crosses into the Latimer Road out of the Parish Boundaries,—at this point
+it is a brick sewer.
+
+The central branch commences at the front of the Kensal Green Cemetery,
+proceeds as a Brick Sewer under the Canal and Railway, when it appears as
+an open ditch running southerly to the Walmer Road.  The eastern branch
+enters this parish from Kensal New Town at the Canal Bridge as a brick
+sewer, then ceases as a covered sewer, and proceeds as an open ditch,
+with brick invert to its junction with the central branch,—from this
+point the central and eastern branches combine as one stream to the
+Bramley Road, and continue as a brick sewer, 6 ft. by 4 ft., at the west
+side of St. James’ Square, Norlands: here the western branch returns from
+Hammersmith parish, and forms junction with the above and central line,
+and continues as one sewer, 6 ft. by 4ft., along St. Ann’s Road, across
+Royal Crescent, under the Uxbridge Road, along by the western side of
+Addison Road, across the Western Road, continuing along Warwick Road,
+receiving at Pembroke Road the eastern branch, continuing into and across
+the Old Brompton Road, along the east side of Brompton Cemetery to the
+limits of the parish in the Fulham Road.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The eastern division of the Counter Creek enters the parish from
+Paddington at the north end of Palace Gardens, there passes into St.
+Margaret’s, Westminster, and again returns into Kensington at the
+Kensington Road, by the North end of Young Street, and proceeds
+south-westerly through Kensington Square, east side, along south end to
+the Workhouse, continuing to and along Pembroke Road, to its junction
+with the principal line in the Warwick Road.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+Into the western branch of the Counter Creek are carried by various
+drains the surface drainage of the meadow land, extending from Kensal
+Green to the boundaries of the parish—east and west, up to the Lancaster
+Road; at this point commence the sewers which have been constructed for
+the drainage of the neighbourhood of Notting Hill, Norlands, and
+Westbourne Grove, all of which have their outlets into the Counter Creek,
+passing over the Uxbridge Road.  North of Kensington Road, east and west,
+the drainage is to the Counters Creek.  On the south side of the
+Kensington Road including all such portions of Kensington New Town, on
+the west side of Victoria Road, extending to the Pembroke Road, the
+outlet of the sewers is also into the Counters Creek.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The area of the parish extending south from its northern boundaries at
+Kensal Green, east and west to the Western Road, and from thence all the
+southern and western portion, including Kensington New Town are drained
+into the Counters Creek.  This portion of the parish includes the highest
+and lowest land, being 126 ft. at the south of Notting Hill Square, and
+17ft. at St. Mark’s Road—ordnance datum.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+THE CHURCH STREET SEWER, commences in the Gloucester Road, opposite
+Canning Place, continues along the Gloucester Road, receiving the
+Drainage from Victoria Grove, Gore Road, and adjacent Streets, proceeds
+by and past Hereford Square to the termination of the Gloucester Road,
+into the Old Brompton Road, turns eastward, receives the Sewers from
+Gloucester Grove East and West, continues southerly down Selwood Lane
+unto the limits of the parish in the Fulham Road.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+This Sewer is carried through a portion of the parish, the land of which
+has been till recently under culture as Market Gardens.  The newly-formed
+roads here of the Royal Exhibition Commissioners Mr. Jackson and others
+have given an impulse to building in this locality to which this Sewer
+will be an important outlet for the drainage.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+THE QUEEN STREET SEWER, commences on the east side of the Gloucester
+Road, Kensington, proceeds southerly in an irregular form, through the
+land belonging to the Royal Exhibition Commissioners—forms a junction
+with a branch from Park Lane, continues in an irregular and uneven course
+into Cromwell Lane, and then westerly into the Old Brompton Road, thence
+south easterly down Pelham Road, into Pelham Place, where it receives the
+drainage from Alfred Place West, Thurloe Square, and South Street—from
+Pelham Place it is directed westerly into Pelham Crescent, and thence
+westward along Fulham Road, receiving at Sydney Place, the partial
+drainage of Onslow Square, and then it proceeds to its outlet from the
+parish by Sydney Street.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+THE SMITH STREET SEWER, commences at the eastern limit of Brompton Road,
+proceeds westward along the Brompton Road into the Fulham Road, and
+passes from the parish at Keppell Street.  This Sewer is the outlet for
+the adjacent Sewers on the North side of the Brompton Road; and of Grove
+Place, Michael’s Grove, and Brompton Crescent, on the South Side.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+A portion of the Kensington branch of the Counter Creek sewer, taking the
+drainage from Notting-hill, east of the Turnpike-gate, Uxbridge, and
+other streets and places in that locality, passing through a part of St.
+Margaret’s, Westminster, to Young-street, receiving the drainage from
+several streets and places in the town proper, and also the whole of the
+drainage from Kensington New-town.  At the Workhouse the sewer is 5 ft. 6
+in. by 3 ft. 6 in., and here terminates; the sewage matter, being
+conveyed from thence along the Pembroke-road, by an 18 in. glazed
+stoneware pipe, which also receives the drainage of the Pembroke-road and
+Hutchinson’s estate.
+
+In consequence of the difference in size of sewers, as here marked out,
+the basements of a vast number of houses in the New-town and other places
+have been flooded from time to time, and serious inconveniences have in
+consequence arisen to the ratepayers in those localities.
+
+It is worthy of remark, that after representations made by the vestry to
+the General Board in August last, they directed a sewer of equal size,
+viz.: 5ft. 6in. by 3ft. 6in. to be substituted for the 18 in. stoneware
+pipe, which will effectually remedy the very serious evil pointed out.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The total lengths of sewers in this parish, under the immediate direction
+of the vestry, are as follows:
+
+Brick Sewers       27¾ miles.
+Pipe Sewers        7⅙ ,,
+Open Sewers        1¾ ,,
+
+The open sewers are not in closely populated districts, but chiefly in
+that portion of the parish at present under cultivation as grass land or
+market gardens.
+
+The VESTRY have lowered the crown of sewer in New-street, to a length of
+320-ft., have reconstructed a length of 42-ft. 2-in., by 2-ft. 6-in.
+sewer in Charles’-mews; have laid down a length of 115 ft. of pipe sewer
+in King-street; and 140-ft. of 12-in. pipe in Sloane-place, in lieu of
+the old dilapidated brick drain.  These Sewers have enabled owners to
+drain their several premises.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+There have been 45 new Gulleys constructed for carrying off the surface
+water from the roads, and many altered, repaired, and cleaned.  Air
+shafts have been formed for carrying off the poisonous Gases from the
+Sewers; and many Gulleys have been trapped.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The flushers have cleansed about 8 miles 3482-ft. of brick sewer,
+removing deposits therein, varying from 6 inches to 2-ft. which deposits
+have been carted away, and have also flushed with water from time to time
+pipe sewers to an extent of 7½ miles.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+232 Applications have been made and granted to drain houses and premises
+both voluntarily and in consequence of notices issued by the vestry, and
+in all cases where cesspools have existed they have been filled in or
+broken up.
+
+The following Sewers have been constructed by owners of property, in the
+various under-mentioned places, viz.:
+
+670-ft. 2-ft. barrel sewer in the Campden-hill Road.
+1400-ft. 4-ft. 6-in. by 2-ft. 6-in., 1 brick—with brick invert, in
+cement, in the Holland-road.
+450-ft. 3-ft. by 2-ft. 6-in., ½ brick—in cement, with stoneware invert
+in Addison-crescent.
+59-ft. 12-in. pipe in Johnson-street, Notting-hill.
+400-ft. 3-ft. by 2-ft., in an intended road, Old Brompton.
+35-ft. 3-ft. 9-in. by 2-ft. 6-in., High-street, Notting-hill.
+3000-ft. 3-ft. by 2-ft., on the Phillimore Estate.
+And 216-ft. of 12-in. pipe, in Brompton-road, opposite York-cottages,
+has also been completed.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+These works have been done under the personal inspection of Mr. Perkins,
+your Clerk of the Works, appointed for that purpose.
+
+
+
+
+REPAIRS OF THE STREETS & THOROUGHFARES, & PAVING WORKS GENERALLY.
+
+
+I have to call the special attention of the vestry to the subject of the
+repairs of the Roads in this parish, which involves a very large annual
+outlay, and requires the greatest amount of care, both as regards the
+quantity and quality of the materials, and also as to the proper season
+for their application.
+
+My past experience has taught me that this portion of my duty requires
+constant supervision and attention.  I have computed the length of the
+roads in this parish, exclusive of the turnpike roads, at about 53 miles,
+and I am happy to state, allowing for the new roads adopted by the
+parish, the last annual outlay has been less in comparison to the
+previous years, this may be accounted for by the fact of the roads having
+become much harder, from regular scavengering, and the better form which
+allows the surface water to drain into the channels.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The roads may be classed in three sections, viz.: those of great traffic,
+which are repaired with granite; those having less traffic, which are
+repaired with flints; and bye roads and squares of little traffic, which
+are repaired with gravel.  I have considered opinions from time to time
+expressed by the Paving Committee as to the more general use of granite
+for the roads, and shall lose no opportunity in carrying out their wishes
+wherever I can judiciously do so.
+
+I have found many beneficial results, and much saving from the constant
+employment of a mason ordered by the Paving Committee to be added to the
+staff of workmen, for the purpose of attending to the repairs of the
+trenches opened or disturbed by the different gas and water companies.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The following is a list of some of the principal footways, which have
+been paved, viz.: St. John’s Church, Aubrey Chapel, Gloucester Road, Edge
+Terrace, and Vine Place, Ladbroke Road, Old Norland Road, Kensington
+Church, Yard, Queen’s Road, Northern, The Mall, St. Peter’s Church, High
+Row, Silver Street, Portobello Terrace, Clifton Terrace, together with
+several other minor works, also the laying crossings, pitching cab
+stands, and general repairs.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+The following are streets which have been paved and repaired at the
+expense of the owners, and adopted by the Vestry: Kensington Park Road
+North, Ovington Square, Ovington Terrace, St. John’s Terrace, Portland
+Road North, Clarendon Place, Elgin Crescent, Dartmoor Street, Stanley
+Gardens, Stanley Crescent, Lansdown Road North, Chepstow Villas West,
+Ladbroke Terrace, Ladbroke Road, Westbourne Grove West.
+
+
+
+
+LIGHTING.
+
+
+The Parish is at present supplied with Gas under contracts from the
+Western Gas Company, the Imperial Gas Company, and the London Gas
+Company.
+
+Great attention has been given by the Committee, in the fixing new lamps,
+and including the old ones there are now upwards of 1,068 fairly and
+judiciously spread over the whole parish.  Great facility has been
+afforded by numbering the lamps, both in the communication with the Gas
+Companies, and also as to their general repairs, and lighting.
+
+                                * * * * *
+
+I have endeavoured, in this my first Annual Report to draw your attention
+to the works generally under your control, and executed under the powers
+vested in you by the “Metropolis Local Management Act,” and I take this
+opportunity of tendering my thanks for the support I have ever received
+from you in the discharge of the important duties intrusted to me.
+
+                                               I have the honor to remain,
+                                                                Gentlemen,
+                                                    Your obedient Servant,
+                                                        JAMES BROADBRIDGE,
+                                                                 SURVEYOR.
+
+
+
+
+***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK REPORT OF THE SEVERAL WORKS
+CONNECTED WITH THE DRAINING, PAVING & LIGHTING THE PARISH OF SAINT MARY
+ABBOTTS, KENSINGTON, 1856***
+
+
+******* This file should be named 41946-0.txt or 41946-0.zip *******
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