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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/4177.txt b/4177.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..1b85fe6 --- /dev/null +++ b/4177.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2258 @@ +Project Gutenberg's Diary of Samuel Pepys, June 1667, by Samuel Pepys + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Diary of Samuel Pepys, June 1667 + +Author: Samuel Pepys + +Release Date: December 1, 2004 [EBook #4177] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS, JUNE 1667 *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + + THE DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS M.A. F.R.S. + + CLERK OF THE ACTS AND SECRETARY TO THE ADMIRALTY + + TRANSCRIBED FROM THE SHORTHAND MANUSCRIPT IN THE PEPYSIAN LIBRARY + MAGDALENE COLLEGE CAMBRIDGE BY THE REV. MYNORS BRIGHT M.A. LATE FELLOW + AND PRESIDENT OF THE COLLEGE + + (Unabridged) + + WITH LORD BRAYBROOKE'S NOTES + + EDITED WITH ADDITIONS BY + + HENRY B. WHEATLEY F.S.A. + + DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS. + JUNE + 1667 + +June 1st. Up; and there comes to me Mr. Commander, whom I employ about +hiring of some ground behind the office, for the building of me a stable +and coach-house: for I do find it necessary for me, both in respect to +honour and the profit of it also, my expense in hackney-coaches being now +so great, to keep a coach, and therefore will do it. Having given him +some instructions about it, I to the office, where we sat all the morning; +where we have news that our peace with Spayne, as to trade, is wholly +concluded, and we are to furnish him with some men for Flanders against +the French. How that will agree with the French, I know not; but they say +that he also hath liberty, to get what men he pleases out of England. But +for the Spaniard, I hear that my Lord Castlehaven is raising a regiment of +4000 men, which he is to command there; and several young gentlemen are +going over in commands with him: and they say the Duke of Monmouth is +going over only as a traveller, not to engage on either side, but only to +see the campagne, which will be becoming him much more than to live +whoreing and rogueing, as he now do. After dinner to the office, where, +after a little nap, I fell to business, and did very much with infinite +joy to myself, as it always is to me when I have dispatched much business, +and therefore it troubles me to see how hard it is for me to settle to it +sometimes when my mind is upon pleasure. So home late to supper and to +bed. + +2nd (Lord's day). Up betimes, and down to my chamber without trimming +myself, or putting on clean linen, thinking only to keep to my chamber and +do business to-day, but when I come there I find that without being shaved +I am not fully awake, nor ready to settle to business, and so was fain to +go up again and dress myself, which I did, and so down to my chamber, and +fell roundly to business, and did to my satisfaction by dinner go far in +the drawing up a state of my accounts of Tangier for the new Lords +Commissioners. So to dinner, and then to my business again all the +afternoon close, when Creed come to visit me, but I did put him off, and +to my business, till anon I did make an end, and wrote it fair with a +letter to the Lords to accompany my accounts, which I think will be so +much satisfaction and so soon done (their order for my doing it being +dated but May 30) as they will not find from any hand else. Being weary +and almost blind with writing and reading so much to-day, I took boat at +the Old Swan, and there up the river all alone as high as Putney almost, +and then back again, all the way reading, and finishing Mr. Boyle's book +of Colours, which is so chymical, that I can understand but little of it, +but understand enough to see that he is a most excellent man. So back and +home, and there to supper, and so to bed. + +3rd. Up, and by coach to St. James's, and with Sir W. Coventry a great +while talking about several businesses, but especially about accounts, and +how backward our Treasurer is in giving them satisfaction, and the truth +is I do doubt he cannot do better, but it is strange to say that being +conscious of our doing little at this day, nor for some time past in our +office for want of money, I do hang my head to him, and cannot be so free +with him as I used to be, nor can be free with him, though of all men, I +think, I have the least cause to be so, having taken so much more pains, +while I could do anything, than the rest of my fellows. Parted with him, +and so going through the Park met Mr. Mills, our parson, whom I went back +with to bring him to [Sir] W. Coventry, to give him the form of a +qualification for the Duke of York to sign to, to enable him to have two +livings: which was a service I did, but much against my will, for a lazy, +fat priest. Thence to Westminster Hall, and there walked a turn or two +with Sir William Doyly, who did lay a wager with me, the Treasurership +would be in one hand, notwithstanding this present Commission, before +Christmas: on which we did lay a poll of ling, a brace of carps, and a +pottle of wine; and Sir W. Pen and Mr. Scowen to be at the eating of them. +Thence down by water to Deptford, it being Trinity Monday, when the Master +is chosen, and there, finding them all at church, and thinking they dined, +as usual, at Stepny, I turned back, having a good book in my hand, the +Life of Cardinal Wolsey, wrote by his own servant, and to Ratcliffe; and +so walked to Stepny, and spent, my time in the churchyard, looking over +the gravestones, expecting when the company would come by. Finding no +company stirring, I sent to the house to see; and, it seems, they dine not +there, but at Deptford: so I back again to Deptford, and there find them +just sat down. And so I down with them; and we had a good dinner of plain +meat, and good company at our table: among others, my good Mr. Evelyn, +with whom, after dinner, I stepped aside, and talked upon the present +posture of our affairs; which is, that the Dutch are known to be abroad +with eighty sail of ships of war, and twenty fire-ships; and the French +come into the Channell with twenty sail of men-of-war, and five fireships, +while we have not a ship at sea to do them any hurt with; but are calling +in all we can, while our Embassadors are treating at Bredah; and the Dutch +look upon them as come to beg peace, and use them accordingly; and all +this through the negligence of our Prince, who hath power, if he would, to +master all these with the money and men that he hath had the command of, +and may now have, if he would mind his business. But, for aught we see, +the Kingdom is likely to be lost, as well as the reputation of it is, for +ever; notwithstanding so much reputation got and preserved by a rebel that +went before him. This discourse of ours ended with sorrowful reflections +upon our condition, and so broke up, and Creed and I got out of the room, +and away by water to White Hall, and there he and I waited in the +Treasury-chamber an hour or two, where we saw the Country Receivers and +Accountants for money come to attend; and one of them, a brisk young +fellow, with his hat cocked like a fool behind, as the present fashion +among the blades is, committed to the Serjeant. By and by, I, upon +desire, was called in, and delivered in my report of my Accounts. +Present, Lord Ashly, Clifford, and Duncomb, who, being busy, did not read +it; but committed it to Sir George Downing, and so I was dismissed; but, +Lord! to see how Duncomb do take upon him is an eyesore, though I think +he deserves great honour, but only the suddenness of his rise, and his +pride. But I do like the way of these lords, that they admit nobody to +use many words, nor do they spend many words themselves, but in great +state do hear what they see necessary, and say little themselves, but bid +withdraw. Thence Creed and I by water up to Fox Hall, and over against it +stopped, thinking to see some Cock-fighting; but it was just being done, +and, therefore, back again to the other side, and to Spring Garden, and +there eat and drank a little, and then to walk up and down the garden, +reflecting upon the bad management of things now, compared with what it +was in the late rebellious times, when men, some for fear, and some for +religion, minded their business, which none now do, by being void of both. +Much talk of this and, other kinds, very pleasant, and so when it was +almost night we home, setting him in at White Hall, and I to the Old Swan, +and thence home, where to supper, and then to read a little, and so to +bed. + +4th. Up, and to the office, and there busy all the morning putting in +order the answering the great letter sent to the office by the new +Commissioners of the Treasury, who demand an account from the King's +coming in to this day, which we shall do in the best manner we can. At +noon home to dinner, and after dinner comes Mr. Commander to me and tells +me, after all, that I cannot have a lease of the ground for my coach-house +and stable, till a suit in law be ended, about the end of the old stable +now standing, which they and I would have pulled down to make a better way +for a coach. I am a little sorry that I cannot presently have it, because +I am pretty full in my mind of keeping a coach; but yet, when I think on +it again, the Dutch and French both at sea, and we poor, and still out of +order, I know not yet what turns there may be, and besides, I am in danger +of parting with one of my places, which relates to the Victualling, that +brings me by accident in L800 a year, that is, L300 from the King and L500 +from D. Gawden. I ought to be well contented to forbear awhile, and +therefore I am contented. To the office all the afternoon, where I +dispatched much business to my great content, and then home in the +evening, and there to sing and pipe with my wife, and that being done, she +fell all of a sudden to discourse about her clothes and my humours in not +suffering her to wear them as she pleases, and grew to high words between +us, but I fell to read a book (Boyle's Hydrostatiques) + + ["Hydrostatical Paradoxes made out by New Experiments" was + published by the Hon. Robert Boyle in 1666 (Oxford).] + +aloud in my chamber and let her talk, till she was tired and vexed that I +would not hear her, and so become friends, and to bed together the first +night after 4 or 5 that she hath lain from me by reason of a great cold +she had got. + +5th. Up, and with Mr. Kenasteri by coach to White Hall to the +Commissioners of the Treasury about getting money for Tangier, and did +come to, after long waiting, speak with them, and there I find them all +sat; and, among the rest, Duncomb lolling, with his heels upon another +chair, by that, that he sat upon, and had an answer good enough, and then +away home, and (it being a most windy day, and hath been so all night, +South West, and we have great hopes that it may have done the Dutch or +French fleets some hurt) having got some papers in order, I back to St. +James's, where we all met at Sir W. Coventry's chamber, and dined and +talked of our business, he being a most excellent man, and indeed, with +all his business, hath more of his employed upon the good of the service +of the Navy, than all of us, that makes me ashamed of it. This noon +Captain Perriman brings us word how the Happy Returne's' [crew] below in +the Hope, ordered to carry the Portugal Embassador to Holland (and the +Embassador, I think, on board), refuse to go till paid; and by their +example two or three more ships are in a mutiny: which is a sad +consideration, while so many of the enemy's ships are at this day +triumphing in the sea. Here a very good and neat dinner, after the French +manner, and good discourse, and then up after dinner to the Duke of York +and did our usual business, and are put in hopes by Sir W. Coventry that +we shall have money, and so away, Sir G. Carteret and I to my Lord Crew to +advise about Sir G. Carteret's carrying his accounts to-morrow to the +Commissioners appointed to examine them and all other accounts since the +war, who at last by the King's calling them to him yesterday and chiding +them will sit, but Littleton and Garraway much against their wills. The +truth of it is, it is a ridiculous thing, for it will come to nothing, nor +do the King nor kingdom good in any manner, I think. Here they talked of +my Lord Hinchingbroke's match with Lord Burlington's daughter, which is +now gone a pretty way forward, and to great content, which I am infinitely +glad of. So from hence to White Hall, and in the streete Sir G. Carteret +showed me a gentleman coming by in his coach, who hath been sent for up +out of Lincolneshire, I think he says he is a justice of peace there, that +the Council have laid by the heels here, and here lies in a messenger's +hands, for saying that a man and his wife are but one person, and so ought +to pay but 12d. for both to the Poll Bill; by which others were led to do +the like: and so here he lies prisoner. To White Hall, and there I +attended to speak with Sir W. Coventry about Lanyon's business, to get him +some money out of the Prize Office from my Lord Ashly, and so home, and +there to the office a little, and thence to my chamber to read, and +supper, and to bed. My father, blessed be God! finds great ease by his +new steel trusse, which he put on yesterday. So to bed. The Duke of +Cambridge past hopes of living still. + +6th. Up, and to the office all the morning, where (which he hath not done +a great while) Sir G. Carteret come to advise with us for the disposing of +L10,000, which is the first sum the new Lords Treasurers have provided us; +but, unless we have more, this will not enable us to cut off any of the +growing charge which they seem to give it us for, and expect we should +discharge several ships quite off with it. So home and with my father and +wife to Sir W. Pen's to dinner, which they invited us to out of their +respect to my father, as a stranger; though I know them as false as the +devil himself, and that it is only that they think it fit to oblige me; +wherein I am a happy man, that all my fellow-officers are desirous of my +friendship. Here as merry as in so false a place, and where I must +dissemble my hatred, I could be, and after dinner my father and wife to a +play, and I to my office, and there busy all the afternoon till late at +night, and then my wife and I sang a song or two in the garden, and so +home to supper and to bed. This afternoon comes Mr. Pierce to me about +some business, and tells me that the Duke of Cambridge is yet living, but +every minute expected to die, and is given over by all people, which +indeed is a sad loss. + +7th. Up, and after with my flageolet and Mr. Townsend, whom I sent for to +come to me to discourse about my Lord Sandwich's business; for whom I am +in some pain, lest the Accounts of the Wardrobe may not be in so good +order as may please the new Lords Treasurers, who are quick-sighted, and +under obligations of recommending themselves to the King and the world, by +their finding and mending of faults, and are, most of them, not the best +friends to my Lord, and to the office, and there all the morning. At noon +home to dinner, my father, wife, and I, and a good dinner, and then to the +office again, where busy all the afternoon, also I have a desire to +dispatch all business that hath lain long on my hands, and so to it till +the evening, and then home to sing and pipe with my wife, and then to +supper and to bed, my head full of thoughts how to keep if I can some part +of my wages as Surveyor of the Victualling, which I see must now come to +be taken away among the other places that have been occasioned by this +war, and the rather because I have of late an inclination to keep a coach. +Ever since my drinking, two days ago, some very Goole drink at Sir W. +Coventry's table I have been full of wind and with some pain, and I was +afraid last night that it would amount to much, but, blessed be God! I +find that the worst is past, so that I do clearly see that all the +indisposition I am liable to-day as to sickness is only the Colique. This +day I read (shown me by Mr. Gibson) a discourse newly come forth of the +King of France, his pretence to Flanders, which is a very fine discourse, +and the truth is, hath so much of the Civil Law in it, that I am not a fit +judge of it, but, as it appears to me, he hath a good pretence to it by +right of his Queene. So to bed. + +8th. Up, and to the office, where all the news this morning is, that the +Dutch are come with a fleete of eighty sail to Harwich, and that guns were +heard plain by Sir W. Rider's people at Bednallgreene, all yesterday even. +So to the office, we all sat all the morning, and then home to dinner, +where our dinner a ham of French bacon, boiled with pigeons, an excellent +dish. Here dined with us only W. Hewer and his mother. After dinner to +the office again, where busy till night, and then home and to read a +little and then to bed. The news is confirmed that the Dutch are off of +Harwich, but had done nothing last night. The King hath sent down my Lord +of Oxford to raise the countries there; and all the Westerne barges are +taken up to make a bridge over the River, about the Hope, for horse to +cross the River, if there be occasion. + +9th (Lord's day). Up, and by water to White Hall, and so walked to St. +James's, where I hear that the Duke of Cambridge, who was given over long +since by the Doctors, is now likely to recover; for which God be praised! +To Sir W. Coventry, and there talked with him a great while; and mighty +glad I was of my good fortune to visit him, for it keeps in my +acquaintance with him, and the world sees it, and reckons my interest +accordingly. In comes my Lord Barkeley, who is going down to Harwich also +to look after the militia there: and there is also the Duke of Monmouth, +and with him a great many young Hectors, the Lord Chesterfield, my Lord +Mandeville, and others: but to little purpose, I fear, but to debauch the +country women thereabouts. My Lord Barkeley wanting some maps, and Sir W. +Coventry recommending the six maps of England that are bound up for the +pocket, I did offer to present my Lord with them, which he accepted: and +so I will send them him. Thence to White Hall, and there to the Chapel, +where I met Creed, and he and I staid to hear who preached, which was a +man who begun dully, and so we away by water and landed in Southwarke, and +to a church in the street where we take water beyond the bridge, which was +so full and the weather hot that we could not stand there. So to my +house, where we find my father and wife at dinner, and after dinner Creed +and I by water to White Hall, and there we parted, and I to Sir G. +Carteret's, where, he busy, I up into the house, and there met with a +gentleman, Captain Aldrige, that belongs to my Lord Barkeley, and I did +give him the book of maps for my Lord, and so I to Westminster Church and +there staid a good while, and saw Betty Michell there. So away thence, +and after church time to Mrs. Martin's, and then hazer what I would with +her, and then took boat and up, all alone, a most excellent evening, as +high as Barne Elmes, and there took a turn; and then to my boat again, and +home, reading and making an end of the book I lately bought a merry satyr +called "The Visions," translated from Spanish by L'Estrange, wherein there +are many very pretty things; but the translation is, as to the rendering +it into English expression, the best that ever I saw, it being impossible +almost to conceive that it should be a translation. Being come home I +find an order come for the getting some fire-ships presently to annoy the +Dutch, who are in the King's Channel, and expected up higher. So [Sir] W. +Batten and [Sir] W. Pen being come this evening from their country houses +to town we did issue orders about it, and then home to supper and, to bed, + +10th. Up; and news brought us that, the Dutch are come up as high as the +Nore; and more pressing orders for fireships. W. Batten, W. Pen, and I to +St. James's; where the Duke of York gone this morning betimes, to send +away some men down to Chatham. So we three to White Hall, and met Sir W. +Coventry, who presses all that is possible for fire-ships. So we three to +the office presently; and thither comes Sir Fretcheville Hollis, who is to +command them all in some exploits he is to do with them on the enemy in +the River. So we all down to Deptford, and pitched upon ships and set men +at work: but, Lord! to see how backwardly things move at this pinch, +notwithstanding that, by the enemy's being now come up as high as almost +the Hope, Sir J. Minnes, who has gone down to pay some ships there, hath +sent up the money; and so we are possessed of money to do what we will +with. Yet partly ourselves, being used to be idle and in despair, and +partly people that have been used to be deceived by us as to money, won't +believe us; and we know not, though we have it, how almost to promise it; +and our wants such, and men out of the way, that it is an admirable thing +to consider how much the King suffers, and how necessary it is in a State +to keep the King's service always in a good posture and credit. Here I +eat a bit, and then in the afternoon took boat and down to Greenwich, +where I find the stairs full of people, there being a great riding + + [It was an ancient custom in Berkshire, when a man had beaten his + wife, for the neighbours to parade in front of his house, for the + purpose of serenading him with kettles, and horns and hand-bells, + and every species of "rough music," by which name the ceremony was + designated. Perhaps the riding mentioned by Pepys was a punishment + somewhat similar. Malcolm ("Manners of London") quotes from the + "Protestant Mercury," that a porter's lady, who resided near Strand + Lane, beat her husband with so much violence and perseverance, that + the poor man was compelled to leap out of the window to escape her + fury. Exasperated at this virago, the neighbours made a "riding," + i.e. a pedestrian procession, headed by a drum, and accompanied by a + chemise, displayed for a banner. The manual musician sounded the + tune of "You round-headed cuckolds, come dig, come dig!" and nearly + seventy coalheavers, carmen, and porters, adorned with large horns + fastened to their heads, followed. The public seemed highly pleased + with the nature of the punishment, and gave liberally to the + vindicators of injured manhood.--B.] + +there to-day for a man, the constable of the town, whose wife beat him. +Here I was with much ado fain to press two watermen to make me a galley, +and so to Woolwich to give order for the dispatch of a ship I have taken +under my care to see dispatched, and orders being so given, I, under +pretence to fetch up the ship, which lay at Grays (the Golden Hand), + + [The "Golden Hand" was to have been used for the conveyance of the + Swedish Ambassadors' horses and goods to Holland. In August, 1667, + Frances, widow of Captain Douglas and daughter of Lord Grey, + petitioned the king "for a gift of the prize ship Golden Hand, now + employed in weighing the ships sunk at Chatham, where her husband + lost his life in defence of the ships against the Dutch" ("Calendar + of State Papers," 1667, p. 430)] + +did do that in my way, and went down to Gravesend, where I find the Duke +of Albemarle just come, with a great many idle lords and gentlemen, with +their pistols and fooleries; and the bulwarke not able to have stood half +an hour had they come up; but the Dutch are fallen down from the Hope and +Shell-haven as low as Sheernesse, and we do plainly at this time hear the +guns play. Yet I do not find the Duke of Albemarle intends to go thither, +but stays here to-night, and hath, though the Dutch are gone, ordered our +frigates to be brought to a line between the two blockhouses; which I took +then to be a ridiculous thing. So I away into the town and took a captain +or two of our ships (who did give me an account of the proceedings of the +Dutch fleete in the river) to the taverne, and there eat and drank, and I +find the townsmen had removed most of their goods out of the town, for +fear of the Dutch coming up to them; and from Sir John Griffen, that last +night there was not twelve men to be got in the town to defend it: which +the master of the house tells me is not true, but that the men of the town +did intend to stay, though they did indeed, and so had he, at the Ship, +removed their goods. Thence went off to an Ostend man-of-war, just now +come up, who met the Dutch fleete, who took three ships that he come +convoying hither from him says they are as low as the Nore, or +thereabouts. So I homeward, as long as it was light reading Mr. Boyle's +book of Hydrostatics, which is a most excellent book as ever I read, and I +will take much pains to understand him through if I can, the doctrine +being very useful. When it grew too dark to read I lay down and took a +nap, it being a most excellent fine evening, and about one o'clock got +home, and after having wrote to Sir W. Coventry an account of what I had +done and seen (which is entered in my letter-book), I to bed. + +11th. Up, and more letters still from Sir W. Coventry about more +fire-ships, and so Sir W. Batten and I to the office, where Bruncker come +to us, who is just now going to Chatham upon a desire of Commissioner +Pett's, who is in a very fearful stink for fear of the Dutch, and desires +help for God and the King and kingdom's sake. So Bruncker goes down, and +Sir J. Minnes also, from Gravesend. This morning Pett writes us word that +Sheernesse is lost last night, after two or three hours' dispute. The +enemy hath possessed himself of that place; which is very sad, and puts us +into great fears of Chatham. Sir W. Batten and I down by water to +Deptford, and there Sir W. Pen and we did consider of several matters +relating to the dispatch of the fire-ships, and so [Sir] W. Batten and I +home again, and there to dinner, my wife and father having dined, and +after dinner, by W. Hewer's lucky advice, went to Mr. Fenn, and did get +him to pay me above L400 of my wages, and W. Hewer received it for me, and +brought it home this night. Thence I meeting Mr. Moore went toward the +other end of the town by coach, and spying Mercer in the street, I took +leave of Moore and 'light and followed her, and at Paul's overtook her and +walked with her through the dusty street almost to home, and there in +Lombard Street met The. Turner in coach, who had been at my house to see +us, being to go out of town to-morrow to the Northward, and so I promised +to see her tomorrow, and then home, and there to our business, hiring some +fire-ships, and receiving every hour almost letters from Sir W. Coventry, +calling for more fire-ships; and an order from Council to enable us to +take any man's ships; and Sir W. Coventry, in his letter to us, says he do +not doubt but at this time, under an invasion, as he owns it to be, the +King may, by law, take any man's goods. At this business late, and then +home; where a great deal of serious talk with my wife about the sad state +we are in, and especially from the beating up of drums this night for the +trainbands upon pain of death to appear in arms to-morrow morning with +bullet and powder, and money to supply themselves with victuals for a +fortnight; which, considering the soldiers drawn out to Chatham and +elsewhere, looks as if they had a design to ruin the City and give it up +to be undone; which, I hear, makes the sober citizens to think very sadly +of things. So to bed after supper, ill in my mind. This afternoon Mrs. +Williams sent to me to speak with her, which I did, only about news. I +had not spoke with her many a day before by reason of Carcasses business. + +12th. Up very betimes to our business at the office, there hiring of more +fire-ships; and at it close all the morning. At noon home, and Sir W. Pen +dined with us. By and by, after dinner, my wife out by coach to see her +mother; and I in another, being afraid, at this busy time, to be seen with +a woman in a coach, as if I were idle, towards The. Turner's; but met Sir +W. Coventry's boy; and there in his letter find that the Dutch had made no +motion since their taking Sheernesse; and the Duke of Albemarle writes +that all is safe as to the great ships against any assault, the boom and +chaine being so fortified; which put my heart into great joy. + + [There had been correspondence with Pett respecting this chain in + April and May. On the 10th May Pett wrote to the Navy + Commissioners, "The chain is promised to be dispatched to-morrow, + and all things are ready for fixing it." On the 11th June the Dutch + "got twenty or twenty-two ships over the narrow part of the river at + Chatham, where ships had been sunk; after two and a half hours' + fighting one guard-ship after another was fired and blown up, and + the enemy master of the chain" ("Calendar of State Papers," 1667, + pp. 58, 87, 215).] + +When I come to Sir W: Coventry's chamber, I find him abroad; but his +clerk, Powell, do tell me that ill newes is come to Court of the Dutch +breaking the Chaine at Chatham; which struck me to the heart. And to +White Hall to hear the truth of it; and there, going up the back-stairs, I +did hear some lacquies speaking of sad newes come to Court, saying, that +hardly anybody in the Court but do look as if he cried, and would not go +into the house for fear of being seen, but slunk out and got into a coach, +and to The. Turner's to Sir W. Turner's, where I met Roger Pepys, newly +come out of the country. He and I talked aside a little, he offering a +match for Pall, one Barnes, of whom we shall talk more the next time. His +father married a Pepys; in discourse, he told me further that his +grandfather, my great grandfather, had L800 per annum, in Queen +Elizabeth's time, in the very town of Cottenham; and that we did certainly +come out of Scotland with the Abbot of Crowland. More talk I had, and +shall have more with him, but my mind is so sad and head full of this ill +news that I cannot now set it down. A short visit here, my wife coming to +me, and took leave of The., and so home, where all our hearts do now ake; +for the newes is true, that the Dutch have broke the chaine and burned our +ships, and particularly "The Royal Charles," + + [Vandervelde's drawings of the conflagration of the English fleet, + made by him on the spot, are in the British Museum.--B.] + +other particulars I know not, but most sad to be sure. And, the truth is, +I do fear so much that the whole kingdom is undone, that I do this night +resolve to study with my father and wife what to do with the little that I +have in money by me, for I give [up] all the rest that I have in the +King's hands, for Tangier, for lost. So God help us! and God knows what +disorders we may fall into, and whether any violence on this office, or +perhaps some severity on our persons, as being reckoned by the silly +people, or perhaps may, by policy of State, be thought fit to be condemned +by the King and Duke of York, and so put to trouble; though, God knows! I +have, in my own person, done my full duty, I am sure. So having with much +ado finished my business at the office, I home to consider with my father +and wife of things, and then to supper and to bed with a heavy heart. The +manner of my advising this night with my father was, I took him and my +wife up to her chamber, and shut the door; and there told them the sad +state of the times how we are like to be all undone; that I do fear some +violence will be offered to this office, where all I have in the world is; +and resolved upon sending it away--sometimes into the country--sometimes +my father to lie in town, and have the gold with him at Sarah Giles's, and +with that resolution went to bed full of fear and fright, hardly slept all +night. + +13th. No sooner up but hear the sad newes confirmed of the Royall Charles +being taken by them, and now in fitting by them--which Pett should have +carried up higher by our several orders, and deserves, therefore, to be +hanged for not doing it--and turning several others; and that another +fleete is come up into the Hope. Upon which newes the King and Duke of +York have been below--[Below London Bridge.]--since four o'clock in the +morning, to command the sinking of ships at Barking-Creeke, and other +places, to stop their coming up higher: which put me into such a fear, +that I presently resolved of my father's and wife's going into the +country; and, at two hours' warning, they did go by the coach this day, +with about L1300 in gold in their night-bag. Pray God give them good +passage, and good care to hide it when they come home! but my heart is +full of fear: They gone, I continued in fright and fear what to do with +the rest. W. Hewer hath been at the banker's, and hath got L500 out of +Backewell's hands of his own money; but they are so called upon that they +will be all broke, hundreds coming to them for money: and their answer is, +"It is payable at twenty days--when the days are out, we will pay you;" +and those that are not so, they make tell over their money, and make their +bags false, on purpose to give cause to retell it, and so spend time. I +cannot have my 200 pieces of gold again for silver, all being bought up +last night that were to be had, and sold for 24 and 25s. a-piece. So I +must keep the silver by me, which sometimes I think to fling into the +house of office, and then again know not how I shall come by it, if we be +made to leave the office. Every minute some one or other calls for this +or that order; and so I forced to be at the office, most of the day, about +the fire-ships which are to be suddenly fitted out: and it's a most +strange thing that we hear nothing from any of my brethren at Chatham; so +that we are wholly in the dark, various being the reports of what is done +there; insomuch that I sent Mr. Clapham express thither to see how matters +go: I did, about noon, resolve to send Mr. Gibson away after my wife with +another 1000 pieces, under colour of an express to Sir Jeremy Smith; who +is, as I hear, with some ships at Newcastle; which I did really send to +him, and may, possibly, prove of good use to the King; for it is possible, +in the hurry of business, they may not think of it at Court, and the +charge of an express is not considerable to the King. So though I intend +Gibson no further than to Huntingdon I direct him to send the packet +forward. My business the most of the afternoon is listening to every body +that comes to the office, what news? which is variously related, some +better, some worse, but nothing certain. The King and Duke of York up and +down all the day here and there: some time on Tower Hill, where the City +militia was; where the King did make a speech to them, that they should +venture themselves no further than he would himself. I also sent, my mind +being in pain, Saunders after my wife and father, to overtake them at +their night's lodgings, to see how matters go with them. In the evening, +I sent for my cousin Sarah [Gyles] and her husband, who come; and I did +deliver them my chest of writings about Brampton, and my brother Tom's +papers, and my journalls, which I value much; and did send my two silver +flaggons to Kate Joyce's: that so, being scattered what I have, something +might be saved. I have also made a girdle, by which, with some trouble, I +do carry about me L300 in gold about my body, that I may not be without +something in case I should be surprised: for I think, in any nation but +our's, people that appear (for we are not indeed so) so faulty as we, +would have their throats cut. In the evening comes Mr. Pelling, and +several others, to the office, and tell me that never were people so +dejected as they are in the City all over at this day; and do talk most +loudly, even treason; as, that we are bought and sold--that we are +betrayed by the Papists, and others, about the King; cry out that the +office of the Ordnance hath been so backward as no powder to have been at +Chatham nor Upnor Castle till such a time, and the carriages all broken; +that Legg is a Papist; that Upnor, the old good castle built by Queen +Elizabeth, should be lately slighted; that the ships at Chatham should not +be carried up higher. They look upon us as lost, and remove their +families and rich goods in the City; and do think verily that the French, +being come down with his army to Dunkirke, it is to invade us, and that we +shall be invaded. Mr. Clerke, the, solicitor, comes to me about business, +and tells me that he hears that the King hath chosen Mr. Pierpont and +Vaughan of the West, Privy-councillors; that my Lord Chancellor was +affronted in the Hall this day, by people telling him of his Dunkirke +house; and that there are regiments ordered to be got together, whereof to +be commanders my Lord Fairfax, Ingoldsby, Bethell, Norton, and Birch, and +other Presbyterians; and that Dr. Bates will have liberty to preach. Now, +whether this be true or not, I know not; but do think that nothing but +this will unite us together. Late at night comes Mr. Hudson, the cooper, +my neighbour, and tells me that he come from Chatham this evening at five +o'clock, and saw this afternoon "The Royal James," "Oake," and "London," +burnt by the enemy with their fire-ships: that two or three men-of-war +come up with them, and made no more of Upnor Castle's shooting, than of a +fly; that those ships lay below Upnor Castle, but therein, I conceive, he +is in an error; that the Dutch are fitting out "The Royall Charles;" that +we shot so far as from the Yard thither, so that the shot did no good, for +the bullets grazed on the water; that Upnor played hard with their guns at +first, but slowly afterwards, either from the men being beat off, or their +powder spent. But we hear that the fleete in the Hope is not come up any +higher the last flood; and Sir W. Batten tells me that ships are provided +to sink in the River, about Woolwich, that will prevent their coming up +higher if they should attempt it. I made my will also this day, and did +give all I had equally between my father and wife, and left copies of it +in each of Mr. Hater and W. Hewer's hands, who both witnessed the will, +and so to supper and then to bed, and slept pretty well, but yet often +waking. + +14th. Up, and to the office; where Mr. Fryer comes and tells me that +there are several Frenchmen and Flemish ships in the River, with passes +from the Duke of York for carrying of prisoners, that ought to be parted +from the rest of the ships, and their powder taken, lest they do fire +themselves when the enemy comes, and so spoil us; which is good advice, +and I think I will give notice of it; and did so. But it is pretty odd to +see how every body, even at this high time of danger, puts business off of +their own hands! He says that he told this to the Lieutenant of the +Tower, to whom I, for the same reason, was directing him to go; and the +Lieutenant of the Tower bade him come to us, for he had nothing to do with +it; and yesterday comes Captain Crew, of one of the fireships, and told me +that the officers of the Ordnance would deliver his gunner's materials, +but not compound them, + + [Meaning, apparently, that the Ordnance would deliver the charcoal, + sulphur, and saltpetre separately, but not mix them as gunpowder.] + + [The want of ammunition when the Dutch burnt the fleet, and the + revenge of the deserter sailors, are well described by Marvell + + "Our Seamen, whom no danger's shape could fright, + Unpaid, refuse to mount their ships, for spite + Or to their fellows swim, on board the Dutch, + Who show the tempting metal in their clutch.] + +but that we must do it; whereupon I was forced to write to them about it; +and one that like a great many come to me this morning by and by +comes--Mr. Wilson, and by direction of his, a man of Mr. Gawden's; who +come from Chatham last night, and saw the three ships burnt, they lying +all dry, and boats going from the men-of-war and fire them. But that, +that he tells me of worst consequence is, that he himself, I think he +said, did hear many Englishmen on board the Dutch ships speaking to one +another in English; and that they did cry and say, "We did heretofore +fight for tickets; now we fight for dollars!" and did ask how such and +such a one did, and would commend themselves to them: which is a sad +consideration. And Mr. Lewes, who was present at this fellow's discourse +to me, did tell me, that he is told that when they took "The Royall +Charles," they said that they had their tickets signed, and showed some, +and that now they come to have them paid, and would have them paid before +they parted. And several seamen come this morning to me, to tell me that, +if I would get their tickets paid, they would go and do all they could +against the Dutch; but otherwise they would not venture being killed, and +lose all they have already fought for: so that I was forced to try what I +could do to get them paid. This man tells me that the ships burnt last +night did lie above Upnor Castle, over against the Docke; and the boats +come from the ships of war and burnt them all which is very sad. And +masters of ships, that we are now taking up, do keep from their ships all +their stores, or as much as they can, so that we can despatch them, having +not time to appraise them nor secure their payment; only some little money +we have, which we are fain to pay the men we have with, every night, or +they will not work. And indeed the hearts as well as affections of the +seamen are turned away; and in the open streets in Wapping, and up and +down, the wives have cried publickly, "This comes of your not paying our +husbands; and now your work is undone, or done by hands that understand it +not." And Sir W. Batten told me that he was himself affronted with a +woman, in language of this kind, on Tower Hill publickly yesterday; and we +are fain to bear it, and to keep one at the office door to let no idle +people in, for fear of firing of the office and doing us mischief. The +City is troubled at their being put upon duty: summoned one hour, and +discharged two hours after; and then again summoned two hours after that; +to their great charge as well as trouble. And Pelling, the Potticary, +tells me the world says all over, that less charge than what the kingdom +is put to, of one kind or other, by this business, would have set out all +our great ships. It is said they did in open streets yesterday, at +Westminster, cry, "A Parliament! a Parliament!" and I do believe it will +cost blood to answer for these miscarriages. We do not hear that the +Dutch are come to Gravesend; which is a wonder. But a wonderful thing it +is that to this day we have not one word yet from Bruncker, or Peter Pett, +or J. Minnes, of any thing at Chatham. The people that come hither to +hear how things go, make me ashamed to be found unable to answer them: for +I am left alone here at the office; and the truth is, I am glad my station +is to be here, near my own home and out of danger, yet in a place of doing +the King good service. I have this morning good news from Gibson; three +letters from three several stages, that he was safe last night as far as +Royston, at between nine and ten at night. The dismay that is upon us +all, in the business of the kingdom and Navy at this day, is not to be +expressed otherwise than by the condition the citizens were in when the +City was on fire, nobody knowing which way to turn themselves, while every +thing concurred to greaten the fire; as here the easterly gale and +spring-tides for coming up both rivers, and enabling them to break the +chaine. D. Gawden did tell me yesterday, that the day before at the +Council they were ready to fall together by the ears at the Council-table, +arraigning one another of being guilty of the counsel that brought us into +this misery, by laying up all the great ships. Mr. Hater tells me at noon +that some rude people have been, as he hears, at my Lord Chancellor's, +where they have cut down the trees before his house and broke his windows; +and a gibbet either set up before or painted upon his gate, and these +three words writ: "Three sights to be seen; Dunkirke, Tangier, and a +barren Queene." + + ["Pride, Lust, Ambition, and the People's Hate, + The kingdom's broker, ruin of the State, + Dunkirk's sad loss, divider of the fleet, + Tangier's compounder for a barren sheet + This shrub of gentry, married to the crown, + His daughter to the heir, is tumbled down." + + Poems on State Affairs, vol. i., p. 253.--B.] + +It gives great matter of talk that it is said there is at this hour, in +the Exchequer, as much money as is ready to break down the floor. This +arises, I believe, from Sir G. Downing's late talk of the greatness of the +sum lying there of people's money, that they would not fetch away, which +he shewed me and a great many others. Most people that I speak with are +in doubt how we shall do to secure our seamen from running over to the +Dutch; which is a sad but very true consideration at this day. At noon I +am told that my Lord Duke of Albemarle is made Lord High Constable; the +meaning whereof at this time I know not, nor whether it, be true or no. +Dined, and Mr. Hater and W. Hewer with me; where they do speak very +sorrowfully of the posture of the times, and how people do cry out in the +streets of their being bought and sold; and both they, and every body that +come to me, do tell me that people make nothing of talking treason in the +streets openly: as, that we are bought and sold, and governed by Papists, +and that we are betrayed by people about the King, and shall be delivered +up to the French, and I know not what. At dinner we discoursed of Tom of +the Wood, a fellow that lives like a hermit near Woolwich, who, as they +say, and Mr. Bodham, they tell me, affirms that he was by at the +justice's when some did accuse him there for it, did foretell the burning +of the City, and now says that a greater desolation is at hand. Thence we +read and laughed at Lilly's prophecies this month, in his Almanack this +year! So to the office after dinner; and thither comes Mr. Pierce, who +tells me his condition, how he cannot get his money, about L500, which, he +says, is a very great part of what he hath for his family and children, +out of Viner's hand: and indeed it is to be feared that this will wholly +undo the bankers. He says he knows nothing of the late affronts to my +Lord Chancellor's house, as is said, nor hears of the Duke of Albemarle's +being made High Constable; but says that they are in great distraction at +White Hall, and that every where people do speak high against Sir W. +Coventry: but he agrees with me, that he is the best Minister of State the +King hath, and so from my heart I believe. At night come home Sir W. +Batten and W. Pen, who only can tell me that they have placed guns at +Woolwich and Deptford, and sunk some ships below Woolwich and Blackewall, +and are in hopes that they will stop the enemy's coming up. But strange +our confusion! that among them that are sunk they have gone and sunk +without consideration "The Franakin,"' one of the King's ships, with +stores to a very considerable value, that hath been long loaden for supply +of the ships; and the new ship at Bristoll, and much wanted there; and +nobody will own that they directed it, but do lay it on Sir W. Rider. +They speak also of another ship, loaden to the value of L80,000, sunk with +the goods in her, or at least was mightily contended for by him, and a +foreign ship, that had the faith of the nation for her security: this Sir +R. Ford tells us: And it is too plain a truth, that both here and at +Chatham the ships that we have sunk have many, and the first of them, been +ships completely fitted for fire-ships at great charge. But most strange +the backwardness and disorder of all people, especially the King's people +in pay, to do any work, Sir W. Pen tells me, all crying out for money; and +it was so at Chatham, that this night comes an order from Sir W. Coventry +to stop the pay of the wages of that Yard; the Duke of Albemarle having +related, that not above three of 1100 in pay there did attend to do any +work there. This evening having sent a messenger to Chatham on purpose, +we have received a dull letter from my Lord Bruncker and Peter Pett, how +matters have gone there this week; but not so much, or so particularly, as +we knew it by common talk before, and as true. I doubt they will be found +to have been but slow men in this business; and they say the Duke of +Albemarle did tell my Lord Bruncker to his face that his discharging of +the great ships there was the cause of all this; and I am told that it is +become common talk against my Lord Bruncker. But in that he is to be +justified, for he did it by verbal order from Sir W. Coventry, and with +good intent; and it was to good purpose, whatever the success be, for the +men would have but spent the King so much the more in wages, and yet not +attended on board to have done the King any service; and as an evidence of +that, just now, being the 15th day in the morning that I am writing +yesterday's passages, one is with me, Jacob Bryan, Purser of "The +Princesse," who confesses to me that he hath about 180 men borne at this +day in victuals and wages on that ship lying at Chatham, being lately +brought in thither; of which 180 there was not above five appeared to do +the King any service at this late business. And this morning also, some +of the Cambridge's men come up from Portsmouth, by order from Sir +Fretcheville Hollis, who boasted to us the other day that he had sent for +50, and would be hanged if 100 did not come up that would do as much as +twice the number of other men: I say some of them, instead of being at +work at Deptford, where they were intended, do come to the office this +morning to demand the payment of their tickets; for otherwise they would, +they said, do no more work; and are, as I understand from every body that +has to do with them, the most debauched, damning, swearing rogues that +ever were in the Navy, just like their prophane commander. So to Sir W. +Batten's to sit and talk a little, and then home to my flageolet, my heart +being at pretty good ease by a letter from my wife, brought by Saunders, +that my father and wife got well last night to their Inne and out again +this morning, and Gibson's being got safe to Caxton at twelve last night. +So to supper, and then to bed. No news to-day of any motion of the enemy +either upwards towards Chatham or this way. + +15th. All the morning at the office. No newes more than last night; only +Purser Tyler comes and tells me that he being at all the passages in this +business at Chatham, he says there have been horrible miscarriages, such +as we shall shortly hear of: that the want of boats hath undone us; and it +is commonly said, and Sir J. Minnes under his hand tells us, that they +were employed by the men of the Yard to carry away their goods; and I hear +that Commissioner Pett will be found the first man that began to remove; +he is much spoken against, and Bruncker is complained of and reproached +for discharging the men of the great ships heretofore. At noon Mr. Hater +dined with me; and tells me he believes that it will hardly be the want of +money alone that will excuse to the Parliament the neglect of not setting +out a fleete, it having never been done in our greatest straits, but +however unlikely it appeared, yet when it was gone about, the State or +King did compass it; and there is something in it. In like manner all the +afternoon busy, vexed to see how slowly things go on for want of money. +At night comes, unexpectedly so soon, Mr. Gibson, who left my wife well, +and all got down well with them, but not with himself, which I was afeard +of, and cannot blame him, but must myself be wiser against another time. +He had one of his bags broke, through his breeches, and some pieces +dropped out, not many, he thinks, but two, for he 'light, and took them +up, and went back and could find no more. But I am not able to tell how +many, which troubles me, but the joy of having the greatest part safe +there makes me bear with it, so as not to afflict myself for it. This +afternoon poor Betty Michell, whom I love, sent to tell my wife her child +was dying, which I am troubled for, poor girle! At night home and to my +flageolet. Played with pleasure, but with a heavy heart, only it pleased +me to think how it may please God I may live to spend my time in the +country with plainness and pleasure, though but with little glory. So to +supper and to bed. + +16th (Lord's day). Up, and called on by several on business of the +office. Then to the office to look out several of my old letters to Sir +W. Coventry in order to the preparing for justifying this office in our +frequent foretelling the want of money. By and by comes Roger Pepys and +his son Talbot, whom he had brought to town to settle at the Temple, but, +by reason of our present stirs, will carry him back again with him this +week. He seems to be but a silly lad. I sent them to church this +morning, I staying at home at the office, busy. At noon home to dinner, +and much good discourse with him, he being mighty sensible of our misery +and mal-administration. Talking of these straits we are in, he tells me +that my Lord Arlington did the last week take up L12,000 in gold, which is +very likely, for all was taken up that could be. Discoursing afterwards +with him of our family he told me, that when I come to his house he will +show me a decree in Chancery, wherein there was twenty-six men all +housekeepers in the town of Cottenham, in Queene Elizabeth's time, of our +name. He to church again in the afternoon, I staid at home busy, and did +show some dalliance to my maid Nell, speaking to her of her sweetheart +which she had, silly girle. After sermon Roger Pepys comes again. I +spent the evening with him much troubled with the thoughts of the evils of +our time, whereon we discoursed. By and by occasion offered for my +writing to Sir W. Coventry a plain bold letter touching lack of money; +which, when it was gone, I was afeard might give offence: but upon two or +three readings over again the copy of it, I was satisfied it was a good +letter; only Sir W. Batten signed it with me, which I could wish I had +done alone. Roger Pepys gone, I to the garden, and there dallied a while +all alone with Mrs. Markham, and then home to my chamber and to read and +write, and then to supper and to bed. + +17th. Up, and to my office, where busy all the morning, particularly +setting my people to work in transcribing pieces of letters publique and +private, which I do collect against a black day to defend the office with +and myself. At noon dined at home, Mr. Hater with me alone, who do seem +to be confident that this nation will be undone, and with good reason: +Wishes himself at Hambrough, as a great many more, he says, he believes +do, but nothing but the reconciling of the Presbyterian party will save +us, and I am of his mind. At the office all the afternoon, where every +moment business of one kind or other about the fire-ships and other +businesses, most of them vexatious for want of money, the commanders all +complaining that, if they miss to pay their men a night, they run away; +seamen demanding money of them by way of advance, and some of Sir +Fretcheville Hollis's men, that he so bragged of, demanding their tickets +to be paid, or they would not work: this Hollis, Sir W. Batten and W. Pen +say, proves a very . . ., as Sir W. B. terms him, and the other called +him a conceited, idle, prating, lying fellow. But it was pleasant this +morning to hear Hollis give me the account what, he says, he told the King +in Commissioner Pett's presence, whence it was that his ship was fit +sooner than others, telling the King how he dealt with the several +Commissioners and agents of the Ports where he comes, offering Lanyon to +carry him a Ton or two of goods to the streights, giving Middleton an hour +or two's hearing of his stories of Barbadoes, going to prayer with Taylor, +and standing bare and calling, "If it please your Honour," to Pett, but +Sir W. Pen says that he tells this story to every body, and believes it to +be a very lie. At night comes Captain Cocke to see me, and he and I an +hour in the garden together. He tells me there have been great endeavours +of bringing in the Presbyterian interest, but that it will not do. He +named to me several of the insipid lords that are to command the armies +that are to be raised. He says the King and Court are all troubled, and +the gates of the Court were shut up upon the first coming of the Dutch to +us, but they do mind the business no more than ever: that the bankers, he +fears, are broke as to ready-money, though Viner had L100,000 by him when +our trouble begun: that he and the Duke of Albemarle have received into +their own hands, of Viner, the former L10,000, and the latter L12,000, in +tallies or assignments, to secure what was in his hands of theirs; and +many other great men of our. masters have done the like; which is no good +sign, when they begin to fear the main. He and every body cries out of +the office of the Ordnance, for their neglects, both at Gravesend and +Upnor, and everywhere else. He gone, I to my business again, and then +home to supper and to bed. I have lately played the fool much with our +Nell, in playing with her breasts. This night, late, comes a porter with +a letter from Monsieur Pratt, to borrow L100 for my Lord Hinchingbroke, to +enable him to go out with his troop in the country, as he is commanded; +but I did find an excuse to decline it. Among other reasons to myself, +this is one, to teach him the necessity of being a good husband, and +keeping money or credit by him. + +18th. Up, and did this morning dally with Nell . . . which I was +afterward troubled for. To the office, and there all the morning. Peg +Pen come to see me, and I was glad of it, and did resolve to have tried +her this afternoon, but that there was company with elle at my home, +whither I got her. Dined at home, W. Hewer with me, and then to the +office, and to my Lady Pen's, and did find occasion for Peg to go home +with me to my chamber, but there being an idle gentleman with them, he +went with us, and I lost my hope. So to the office, and by and by word +was brought me that Commissioner Pett is brought to the Tower, and there +laid up close prisoner; which puts me into a fright, lest they may do the +same with us as they do with him. This puts me upon hastening what I am +doing with my people, and collecting out of my papers our defence. Myself +got Fist, Sir W. Batten's clerk, and busy with him writing letters late, +and then home to supper and to read myself asleep, after piping, and so to +bed. Great newes to-night of the blowing up of one of the Dutch greatest +ships, while a Council of War was on board: the latter part, I doubt, is +not so, it not being confirmed since; but the former, that they had a ship +blown up, is said to be true. This evening comes Sir G. Carteret to the +office, to talk of business at Sir W. Batten's; where all to be undone for +want of money, there being none to pay the Chest at their publique pay the +24th of this month, which will make us a scorn to the world. After he had +done there, he and I into the garden, and walked; and the greatest of our +discourse is, his sense of the requisiteness of his parting with his being +Treasurer of the Navy, if he can, on any good terms. He do harp upon +getting my Lord Bruncker to take it on half profit, but that he is not +able to secure him in paying him so much. But the thing I do advise him +to do by all means, and he resolves on it, being but the same counsel +which I intend to take myself. My Lady Jem goes down to Hinchingbroke to +lie down, because of the troubles of the times here. He tells me he is +not sure that the King of France will not annoy us this year, but that the +Court seems [to] reckon upon it as a thing certain, for that is all that I +and most people are afeard of this year. He tells me now the great +question is, whether a Parliament or no Parliament; and says the +Parliament itself cannot be thought able at present to raise money, and +therefore it will be to no purpose to call one. I hear this day poor +Michell's child is dead. + +19th. Up, and to the office, where all the morning busy with Fist again, +beginning early to overtake my business in my letters, which for a post or +two have by the late and present troubles been interrupted. At noon comes +Sir W. Batten and [Sir] W. Pen, and we to [Sir] W. Pen's house, and there +discoursed of business an hour, and by and by comes an order from Sir R. +Browne, commanding me this afternoon to attend the Council-board, with all +my books and papers touching the Medway. I was ready [to fear] some +mischief to myself, though it appears most reasonable that it is to inform +them about Commissioner Pett. I eat a little bit in haste at Sir W. +Batten's, without much comfort, being fearful, though I shew it not, and +to my office and get up some papers, and found out the most material +letters and orders in our books, and so took coach and to the +Council-chamber lobby, where I met Mr. Evelyn, who do miserably decry our +follies that bring all this misery upon us. While we were discoursing +over our publique misfortunes, I am called in to a large Committee of the +Council: present the Duke of Albemarle, Anglesey, Arlington, Ashly, +Carteret, Duncomb, Coventry, Ingram, Clifford, Lauderdale, Morrice, +Manchester, Craven, Carlisle, Bridgewater. And after Sir W. Coventry's +telling them what orders His Royal Highness had made for the safety of the +Medway, I told them to their full content what we had done, and showed +them our letters. Then was Peter Pett called in, with the Lieutenant of +the Tower. He is in his old clothes, and looked most sillily. His charge +was chiefly the not carrying up of the great ships, and the using of the +boats in carrying away his goods; to which he answered very sillily, +though his faults to me seem only great omissions. Lord Arlington and +Coventry very severe against him; the former saying that, if he was not +guilty, the world would think them all guilty. + + [Pett was made a scapegoat. This is confirmed by Marvel: + + "After this loss, to relish discontent, + Some one must be accused by Parliament; + All our miscarriages on Pett must fall, + His name alone seems fit to answer all. + Whose counsel first did this mad war beget? + Who all commands sold through the Navy? Pett. + Who would not follow when the Dutch were beat? + Who treated out the time at Bergen? Pett. + Who the Dutch fleet with storms disabled met, + And, rifling prizes, them neglected? Pett. + Who with false news prevented the Gazette, + The fleet divided, writ for Ruhert? Pett. + Who all our seamen cheated of their debt? + And all our prizes who did swallow? Pett. + Who did advise no navy out to set? + And who the forts left unprepared? Pett. + Who to supply with powder did forget + Languard, Sheerness, Gravesend, and Upnor? Pett. + Who all our ships exposed in Chatham net? + Who should it be but the fanatick Pett? + Pett, the sea-architect, in making ships, + Was the first cause of all these naval slips. + Had he not built, none of these faults had been; + If no creation, there had been no sin + But his great crime, one boat away he sent, + That lost our fleet, and did our flight prevent." + + Instructions to a Painter.--B] + +The latter urged, that there must be some faults, and that the Admiral +must be found to have done his part. I did say an unhappy word, which I +was sorry for, when he complained of want of oares for the boats: and +there was, it seems, enough, and good enough, to carry away all the boats +with from the King's occasions. He said he used never a boat till they +were all gone but one; and that was to carry away things of great value, +and these were his models of ships; which, when the Council, some of them, +had said they wished that the Dutch had had them instead of the King's +ships, he answered, he did believe the Dutch would have made more +advantage of the models than of the ships, and that the King had had +greater loss thereby; this they all laughed at. After having heard him +for an hour or more, they bid him withdraw. I all this while showing him +no respect, but rather against him, for which God forgive me! for I mean +no hurt to him, but only find that these Lords are upon their own +purgation, and it is necessary I should be so in behalf of the office. He +being gone, they caused Sir Richard Browne to read over his minutes; and +then my Lord Arlington moved that they might be put into my hands to put +into form, I being more acquainted with such business; and they were so. +So I away back with my books and papers; and when I got into the Court it +was pretty to see how people gazed upon me, that I thought myself obliged +to salute people and to smile, lest they should think I was a prisoner +too; but afterwards I found that most did take me to be there to bear +evidence against P. Pett; but my fear was such, at my going in, of the +success of the day, that at my going in I did think fit to give T. Hater, +whom I took with me, to wait the event, my closet-key and directions where +to find L500 and more in silver and gold, and my tallys, to remove, in +case of any misfortune to me. Thence to Sir G. Carteret's to take my +leave of my Lady Jem, who is going into the country tomorrow; but she +being now at prayers with my Lady and family, and hearing here by Yorke, +the carrier, that my wife is coming to towne, I did make haste home to see +her, that she might not find me abroad, it being the first minute I have +been abroad since yesterday was se'ennight. It is pretty to see how +strange it is to be abroad to see people, as it used to be after a month +or two's absence, and I have brought myself so to it, that I have no great +mind to be abroad, which I could not have believed of myself. I got home, +and after being there a little, she come, and two of her fellow-travellers +with her, with whom we drunk: a couple of merchant-like men, I think, but +have friends in our country. They being gone, I and my wife to talk, who +did give me so bad an account of her and my father's method in burying of +our gold, that made me mad: and she herself is not pleased with it, she +believing that my sister knows of it. My father and she did it on Sunday, +when they were gone to church, in open daylight, in the midst of the +garden; where, for aught they knew, many eyes might see them: which put me +into such trouble, that I was almost mad about it, and presently cast +about, how to have it back again to secure it here, the times being a +little better now; at least at White Hall they seem as if they were, but +one way or other I am resolved to free them from the place if I can get +them. Such was my trouble at this, that I fell out with my wife, that +though new come to towne, I did not sup with her, nor speak to her +tonight, but to bed and sleep. + +20th. Up, without any respect to my wife, only answering her a question +or two, without any anger though, and so to the office, where all the +morning busy, and among other things Mr. Barber come to me (one of the +clerks of the Ticket office) to get me to sign some tickets, and told me +that all the discourse yesterday, about that part of the town where he +was, was that Mr. Pett and I were in the Tower; and I did hear the same +before. At noon, home to dinner, and there my wife and I very good +friends; the care of my gold being somewhat over, considering it was in +their hands that have as much cause to secure it as myself almost, and so +if they will be mad, let them. But yet I do intend to, send for it away. +Here dined Mercer with us, and after dinner she cut my hair, and then I +into my closet and there slept a little, as I do now almost every day +after dinner; and then, after dallying a little with Nell, which I am +ashamed to think of, away to the office. Busy all the afternoon; in the +evening did treat with, and in the end agree; but by some kind of +compulsion, with the owners of six merchant ships, to serve the King as +men-of-war. But, Lord! to see how against the hair it is with these men +and every body to trust us and the King; and how unreasonable it is to +expect they should be willing to lend their ships, and lay out 2 or L300 a +man to fit their ships for new voyages, when we have not paid them half of +what we owe them for their old services! I did write so to Sir W. +Coventry this night. At night my wife and I to walk and talk again about +our gold, which I am not quiet in my mind to be safe, and therefore will +think of some way to remove it, it troubling me very much. So home with +my wife to supper and to bed, miserable hot weather all night it was. + +21st. Up and by water to White Hall, there to discourse with [Sir] G. +Carteret and Mr. Fenn about office business. I found them all aground, +and no money to do anything with. Thence homewards, calling at my +Tailor's to bespeak some coloured clothes, and thence to Hercules Pillars, +all alone, and there spent 6d. on myself, and so home and busy all the +morning. At noon to dinner, home, where my wife shows me a letter from +her father, who is going over sea, and this afternoon would take his leave +of her. I sent him by her three Jacobuses in gold, having real pity for +him and her. So I to my office, and there all the afternoon. This day +comes news from Harwich that the Dutch fleete are all in sight, near 100 +sail great and small, they think, coming towards them; where, they think, +they shall be able to oppose them; but do cry out of the falling back of +the seamen, few standing by them, and those with much faintness. The like +they write from Portsmouth, and their letters this post are worth reading. +Sir H. Cholmly come to me this day, and tells me the Court is as mad as +ever; and that the night the Dutch burned our ships the King did sup with +my Lady Castlemayne, at the Duchess of Monmouth's, and there were all mad +in hunting of a poor moth. All the Court afraid of a Parliament; but he +thinks nothing can save us but the King's giving up all to a Parliament. +Busy at the office all the afternoon, and did much business to my great +content. In the evening sent for home, and there I find my Lady Pen and +Mrs. Lowther, and Mrs. Turner and my wife eating some victuals, and there +I sat and laughed with them a little, and so to the office again, and in +the evening walked with my wife in the garden, and did give Sir W. Pen at +his lodgings (being just come from Deptford from attending the dispatch of +the fire-ships there) an account of what passed the other day at Council +touching Commissioner Pett, and so home to supper and to bed. + +22nd. Up, and to my office, where busy, and there comes Mrs. Daniel. . . +At the office I all the morning busy. At noon home to dinner, where +Mr. Lewes Phillips, by invitation of my wife, comes, he coming up to town +with her in the coach this week, and she expected another gentleman, a +fellow-traveller, and I perceive the feast was for him, though she do not +say it, but by some mistake he come not, so there was a good dinner lost. +Here we had the two Mercers, and pretty merry. Much talk with Mr. +Phillips about country business, among others that there is no way for me +to purchase any severall lands in Brampton, or making any severall that is +not so, without much trouble and cost, and, it may be, not do it neither, +so that there is no more ground to be laid to our Brampton house. After +dinner I left them, and to the office, and thence to Sir W. Pen's, there +to talk with Mrs. Lowther, and by and by we hearing Mercer and my boy +singing at my house, making exceeding good musique, to the joy of my +heart, that I should be the master of it, I took her to my office and +there merry a while, and then I left them, and at the office busy all the +afternoon, and sleepy after a great dinner. In the evening come Captain +Hart and Haywood to me about the six merchant-ships now taken up for +men-of-war; and in talk they told me about the taking of "The Royal +Charles;" that nothing but carelessness lost the ship, for they might have +saved her the very tide that the Dutch come up, if they would have but +used means and had had but boats: and that the want of boats plainly lost +all the other ships. That the Dutch did take her with a boat of nine men, +who found not a man on board her, and her laying so near them was a main +temptation to them to come on; and presently a man went up and struck her +flag and jacke, and a trumpeter sounded upon her "Joan's placket is torn," +that they did carry her down at a time, both for tides and wind, when the +best pilot in Chatham would not have undertaken it, they heeling her on +one side to make her draw little water: and so carried her away safe. +They being gone, by and by comes Sir W. Pen home, and he and I together +talking. He hath been at Court; and in the first place, I hear the Duke +of Cambridge is dead; a which is a great loss to the nation, having, I +think, never an heyre male now of the King's or Duke's to succeed to the +Crown. He tells me that they do begin already to damn the Dutch, and call +them cowards at White Hall, and think of them and their business no better +than they used to do; which is very sad. The King did tell him himself, +which is so, I was told, here in the City, that the City, hath lent him +L10,000, to be laid out towards securing of the River of Thames; which, +methinks, is a very poor thing, that we should be induced to borrow by +such mean sums. He tells me that it is most manifest that one great thing +making it impossible for us to have set out a fleete this year, if we +could have done it for money or stores, was the liberty given the +beginning of the year for the setting out of merchant-men, which did take +up, as is said, above ten, if not fifteen thousand seamen: and this the +other day Captain Cocke tells me appears in the council-books, that is the +number of seamen required to man the merchant ships that had passes to go +abroad. By and by, my wife being here, they sat down and eat a bit of +their nasty victuals, and so parted and we to bed. + +23rd (Lord's day). Up to my chamber, and there all the morning reading in +my Lord Coke's Pleas of the Crowne, very fine noble reading. After church +time comes my wife and Sir W. Pen his lady and daughter; and Mrs. Markham +and Captain Harrison (who come to dine with them), by invitation end dined +with me, they as good as inviting themselves. I confess I hate their +company and tricks, and so had no great pleasure in [it], but a good +dinner lost. After dinner they all to church, and I by water alone to +Woolwich, and there called on Mr. Bodham: and he and I to see the batterys +newly raised; which, indeed, are good works to command the River below the +ships that are sunk, but not above them. Here I met with Captain Cocke +and Matt. Wren, Fenn, and Charles Porter, and Temple and his wife. Here +I fell in with these, and to Bodham's with them, and there we sat and +laughed and drank in his arbour, Wren making much and kissing all the day +of Temple's wife. It is a sad sight to see so many good ships there sunk +in the River, while we would be thought to be masters of the sea. Cocke +says the bankers cannot, till peace returns, ever hope to have credit +again; so that they can pay no more money, but people must be contented to +take publick security such as they can give them; and if so, and they do +live to receive the money thereupon, the bankers will be happy men. Fenn +read me an order of council passed the 17th instant, directing all the +Treasurers of any part of the King's revenue to make no payments but such +as shall be approved by the present Lords Commissioners; which will, I +think, spoil the credit of all his Majesty's service, when people cannot +depend upon payment any where. But the King's declaration in behalf of +the bankers, to make good their assignments for money, is very good, and +will, I hope, secure me. Cocke says, that he hears it is come to it now, +that the King will try what he can soon do for a peace; and if he cannot, +that then he will cast all upon the Parliament to do as they see fit: and +in doing so, perhaps, he may save us all. The King of France, it is +believed, is engaged for this year; + + [Louis XIV. was at this time in Flanders, with his queen, his + mistresses, and all his Court. Turenne commanded under him. Whilst + Charles was hunting moths at Lady Castlemaine's, and the English + fleet was burning, Louis was carrying on the campaign with vigour. + Armentieres was taken on the 28th May; Charleroi on the 2nd June, + St. Winox on the 6th, Fumes on the 12th, Ath on the 16th, Toumay on + the 24th; the Escarpe on the 6th July, Courtray on the 18th, + Audenarde on the 31st; and Lisle on the 27th August.--B.] + +so that we shall be safe as to him. The great misery the City and kingdom +is like to suffer for want of coals in a little time is very visible, and, +is feared, will breed a mutiny; for we are not in any prospect to command +the sea for our colliers to come, but rather, it is feared, the Dutch may +go and burn all our colliers at Newcastle; though others do say that they +lie safe enough there. No news at all of late from Bredagh what our +Treaters do. By and by, all by water in three boats to Greenwich, there +to Cocke's, where we supped well, and then late, Wren, Fenn, and I home by +water, set me in at the Tower, and they to White Hall, and so I home, and +after a little talk with my wife to bed. + +24th. Up, and to the office, where much business upon me by the coming of +people of all sorts about the dispatch of one business or other of the +fire-ships, or other ships to be set out now. This morning Greeting come, +and I with him at my flageolet. At noon dined at home with my wife alone, +and then in the afternoon all the day at my office. Troubled a little at +a letter from my father, which tells me of an idle companion, one Coleman, +who went down with him and my wife in the coach, and come up again with my +wife, a pensioner of the King's Guard, and one that my wife, indeed, made +the feast for on Saturday last, though he did not come; but if he knows +nothing of our money I will prevent any other inconvenience. In the +evening comes Mr. Povy about business; and he and I to walk in the garden +an hour or two, and to talk of State matters. He tells me his opinion +that it is out of possibility for us to escape being undone, there being +nothing in our power to do that is necessary for the saving us: a lazy +Prince, no Council, no money, no reputation at home or abroad. He says +that to this day the King do follow the women as much as ever he did; that +the Duke of York hath not got Mrs. Middleton, as I was told the other day: +but says that he wants not her, for he hath others, and hath always had, +and that he [Povy] hath known them brought through the Matted Gallery at +White Hall into his [the Duke's] closet; nay, he hath come out of his +wife's bed, and gone to others laid in bed for him: that Mr. Bruncker is +not the only pimp, but that the whole family is of the same strain, and +will do anything to please him: that, besides the death of the two Princes +lately, the family is in horrible disorder by being in debt by spending +above L60,000 per. annum, when he hath not L40,000: that the Duchesse is +not only the proudest woman in the world, but the most expensefull; and +that the Duke of York's marriage with her hath undone the kingdom, by +making the Chancellor so great above reach, who otherwise would have been +but an ordinary man, to have been dealt with by other people; and he would +have been careful of managing things well, for fear of being called to +account; whereas, now he is secure, and hath let things run to rack, as +they now appear. That at a certain time Mr. Povy did carry him an account +of the state of the Duke of York's estate, showing in faithfullness how he +spent more than his estate would bear, by above L20,000 per annum, and +asked my Lord's opinion of it; to which he answered that no man that loved +the King or kingdom durst own the writing of that paper; at which Povy was +startled, and reckoned himself undone for this good service, and found it +necessary then to show it to the Duke of York's Commissioners; who read, +examined, and approved of it, so as to cause it to be put into form, and +signed it, and gave it the Duke. Now the end of the Chancellor was, for +fear that his daughter's ill housewifery should be condemned. He [Povy] +tells me that the other day, upon this ill newes of the Dutch being upon +us, White Hall was shut up, and the Council called and sat close; and, by +the way, he do assure me, from the mouth of some Privy-councillors, that +at this day the Privy-council in general do know no more what the state of +the kingdom as to peace and war is, than he or I; nor knows who manages +it, nor upon whom it depends; and there my Lord Chancellor did make a +speech to them, saying that they knew well that he was no friend to the +war from the beginning, and therefore had concerned himself little in, nor +could say much to it; and a great deal of that kind, to discharge himself +of the fault of the war. Upon which my Lord Anglesey rose up and told his +Majesty that he thought their coming now together was not to enquire who +was, or was not, the cause of the war, but to enquire what was, or could +be, done in the business of making a peace, and in whose hands that was, +and where it was stopped or forwarded; and went on very highly to have all +made open to them: and, by the way, I remember that Captain Cocke did the +other day tell me that this Lord Anglesey hath said, within few days, that +he would willingly give L10,000 of his estate that he was well secured of +the rest, such apprehensions he hath of the sequel of things, as giving +all over for lost. He tells me, speaking of the horrid effeminacy of the +King, that the King hath taken ten times more care and pains in making +friends between my Lady Castlemayne and Mrs. Stewart, when they have +fallen out, than ever he did to save his kingdom; nay, that upon any +falling out between my Lady Castlemayne's nurse and her woman, my Lady +hath often said she would make the King to make them friends, and they +would be friends and be quiet; which the King hath been fain to do: that +the King is, at this day, every night in Hyde Park with the Duchesse of +Monmouth, or with my Lady Castlemaine: that he [Povy] is concerned of late +by my Lord Arlington in the looking after some buildings that he is about +in Norfolke, where my Lord is laying out a great deal of money; and that +he, Mr. Povy, considering the unsafeness of laying out money at such a +time as this, and, besides, the enviousness of the particular county, as +well as all the kingdom, to find him building and employing workmen, while +all the ordinary people of the country are carried down to the seasides +for securing the land, he thought it becoming him to go to my Lord +Arlington (Sir Thomas Clifford by), and give it as his advice to hold his +hands a little; but my Lord would not, but would have him go on, and so +Sir Thomas Clifford advised also, which one would think, if he were a +statesman worth a fart should be a sign of his foreseeing that all shall +do well. But I do forbear concluding any such thing from them. He tells +me that there is not so great confidence between any two men of power in +the nation at this day, that he knows of, as between my Lord Arlington and +Sir Thomas Clifford; and that it arises by accident only, there being no +relation nor acquaintance between them, but only Sir Thomas Clifford's +coming to him, and applying himself to him for favours, when he come first +up to town to be a Parliament-man. He tells me that he do not think there +is anything in the world for us possibly to be saved by but the King of +France's generousnesse to stand by us against the Dutch, and getting us a +tolerable peace, it may be, upon our giving him Tangier and the islands he +hath taken, and other things he shall please to ask. He confirms me in +the several grounds I have conceived of fearing that we shall shortly fall +into mutinys and outrages among ourselves, and that therefore he, as a +Treasurer, and therefore much more myself, I say, as being not only a +Treasurer but an officer of the Navy, on whom, for all the world knows, +the faults of all our evils are to be laid, do fear to be seized on by +some rude hands as having money to answer for, which will make me the more +desirous to get off of this Treasurership as soon as I can, as I had +before in my mind resolved. Having done all this discourse, and concluded +the kingdom in a desperate condition, we parted; and I to my wife, with +whom was Mercer and Betty Michell, poor woman, come with her husband to +see us after the death of her little girle. We sat in the garden together +a while, it being night, and then Mercer and I a song or two, and then in +(the Michell's home), my wife, Mercer, and I to supper, and then parted +and to bed. + +25th. Up, and with Sir W. Pen in his new chariot (which indeed is plain, +but pretty and more fashionable in shape than any coach he hath, and yet +do not cost him, harness and all, above L32) to White Hall; where staid a +very little: and thence to St. James's to [Sir] W. Coventry, whom I have +not seen since before the coming of the Dutch into the river, nor did +indeed know how well to go see him, for shame either to him or me, or both +of us, to find ourselves in so much misery. I find that he and his +fellow-Treasurers are in the utmost want of money, and do find fault with +Sir G. Carteret, that, having kept the mystery of borrowing money to +himself so long, to the ruin of the nation, as [Sir] W. Coventry said in +words to [Sir] W. Pen and me, he should now lay it aside and come to them +for money for every penny he hath, declaring that he can raise no more: +which, I confess, do appear to me the most like ill-will of any thing that +I have observed of [Sir] W. Coventry, when he himself did tell us, on +another occasion at the same time, that the bankers who used to furnish +them money are not able to lend a farthing, and he knows well enough that +that was all the mystery [Sir] G. Carteret did use, that is, only his +credit with them. He told us the masters and owners of the two ships that +I had complained of, for not readily setting forth their ships, which we +had taken up to make men-of-war, had been yesterday with the King and +Council, and had made their case so well understood, that the King did owe +them for what they had earned the last year, that they could not set them +out again without some money or stores out of the King's Yards; the latter +of which [Sir] W. Coventry said must be done, for that they were not able +to raise money for them, though it was but L200 a ship: which do skew us +our condition to be so bad, that I am in a total despair of ever having +the nation do well. After talking awhile, and all out of heart with +stories of want of seamen, and seamen's running away, and their demanding +a month's advance, and our being forced to give seamen 3s. a-day to go +hence to work at Chatham, and other things that show nothing but +destruction upon us; for it is certain that, as it now is, the seamen of +England, in my conscience, would, if they could, go over and serve the +King of France or Holland rather than us. Up to the Duke of York to his +chamber, where he seems to be pretty easy, and now and then merry; but yet +one may perceive in all their minds there is something of trouble and +care, and with good reason. Thence to White Hall, and with Sir W. Pen, by +chariot; and there in the Court met with my Lord Anglesey: and he to talk +with [Sir] W. Pen, and told him of the masters of ships being with the +Council yesterday, and that we were not in condition, though the men were +willing, to furnish them with L200 of money, already due to them as earned +by them the last year, to enable them to set out their ships again this +year for the King: which he is amazed at; and when I told him, "My Lord, +this is a sad instance of the condition we are in," he answered, that it +was so indeed, and sighed: and so parted: and he up to the +Council-chamber, where I perceive they sit every morning, and I to +Westminster Hall, where it is Term time. I met with none I knew, nor did +desire it, but only past through the-Hall and so back again, and by coach +home to dinner, being weary indeed of seeing the world, and thinking it +high time for me to provide against the foul weather that is certainly +coming upon us. So to the office, and there [Sir] W. Pen and I did some +business, and then home to dinner, where my wife pleases me mightily with +what she can do upon the flageolet, and then I to the office again, and +busy all the afternoon, and it is worth noting that the King and Council, +in their order of the 23rd instant, for unloading three merchant-ships +taken up for the King's service for men-of-war, do call the late coming of +the Dutch "an invasion." I was told, yesterday, that Mr. Oldenburg, our +Secretary at Gresham College, is put into the Tower, for writing newes to +a virtuoso in France, with whom he constantly corresponds in philosophical +matters; which makes it very unsafe at this time to write, or almost do +any thing. Several captains come to the office yesterday and to-day, +complaining that their men come and go when they will, and will not be +commanded, though they are paid every night, or may be. Nay, this +afternoon comes Harry Russell from Gravesend, telling us that the money +carried down yesterday for the Chest at Chatham had like to have been +seized upon yesterday, in the barge there, by seamen, who did beat our +watermen: and what men should these be but the boat's crew of Sir +Fretcheville Hollis, who used to brag so much of the goodness and order of +his men, and his command over them. Busy all the afternoon at the office. +Towards night I with Mr. Kinaston to White Hall about a Tangier order, but +lost our labour, only met Sir H. Cholmly there, and he tells me great +newes; that this day in Council the King hath declared that he will call +his Parliament in thirty days: which is the best newes I have heard a +great while, and will, if any thing, save the kingdom. How the King come +to be advised to this, I know not; but he tells me that it was against the +Duke of York's mind flatly, who did rather advise the King to raise money +as he pleased; and against the Chancellor's, who told the King that Queen +Elizabeth did do all her business in eighty-eight without calling a +Parliament, and so might he do, for anything he saw. But, blessed be God! +it is done; and pray God it may hold, though some of us must surely go to +the pot, for all must be flung up to them, or nothing will be done. So +back home, and my wife down by water, I sent her, with Mrs. Hewer and her +son, W. Hewer, to see the sunk ships, while I staid at the office, and in +the evening was visited by Mr. Roberts the merchant by us about the +getting him a ship cleared from serving the King as a man of war, which I +will endeavour to do. So home to supper and to bed. + +26th. Up, and in dressing myself in my dressing chamber comes up Nell, +and I did play with her . . . . So being ready I to White Hall by +water, and there to the Lords Treasurers' chamber, and there wait, and +here it is every body's discourse that the Parliament is ordered to meet +the 25th of July, being, as they say, St. James's day; which every +creature is glad of. But it is pretty to consider how, walking to the Old +Swan from my house, I met Sir Thomas Harvy, whom, asking the newes of the +Parliament's meeting, he told me it was true, and they would certainly +make a great rout among us. I answered, I did not care for my part, +though I was ruined, so that the Commonwealth might escape ruin by it. He +answered, that is a good one, in faith; for you know yourself to be +secure, in being necessary to the office; but for my part, says he, I must +look to be removed; but then, says he, I doubt not but I shall have amends +made me; for all the world knows upon what terms I come in; which is a +saying that a wise man would not unnecessarily have said, I think, to any +body, meaning his buying his place of my Lord Barkely [of Stratton]. So +we parted, and I to White Hall, as I said before, and there met with Sir +Stephen Fox and Mr. Scawen, who both confirm the news of the Parliament's +meeting. Here I staid for an order for my Tangier money, L30,000, upon +the 11 months' tax, and so away to my Lord Arlington's office, and there +spoke to him about Mr. Lanyon's business, and received a good answer, and +thence to Westminster Hall and there walked a little, and there met with +Colonell Reames, who tells me of a letter come last night, or the day +before, from my Lord St. Albans, out of France, wherein he says, that the +King of France did lately fall out with him, giving him ill names, saying +that he had belied him to our King, by saying that he had promised to +assist our King, and to forward the peace; saying that indeed he had +offered to forward the peace at such a time, but it was not accepted of, +and so he thinks himself not obliged, and would do what was fit for him; +and so made him to go out of his sight in great displeasure: and he hath +given this account to the King, which, Colonell Reymes tells me, puts them +into new melancholy at Court, and he believes hath forwarded the +resolution of calling the Parliament. Wherewith for all this I am very +well contented, and so parted and to the Exchequer, but Mr. Burgess was +not in his office; so alone to the Swan, and thither come Mr. Kinaston to +me, and he and I into a room and there drank and discoursed, and I am +mightily pleased with him for a most diligent and methodical man in all +his business. By and by to Burgess, and did as much as we could with him +about our Tangier order, though we met with unexpected delays in it, but +such as are not to be avoided by reason of the form of the Act and the +disorders which the King's necessities do put upon it, and therefore away +by coach, and at White Hall spied Mr. Povy, who tells me, as a great +secret, which none knows but himself, that Sir G. Carteret hath parted +with his place of Treasurer of the Navy, by consent, to my Lord Anglesey, +and is to be Treasurer of Ireland in his stead; but upon what terms it is +I know not, but Mr. Povy tells it is so, and that it is in his power to +bring me to as great a friendship and confidence in my Lord Anglesey as +ever I was with [Sir] W. Coventry, which I am glad of, and so parted, and +I to my tailor's about turning my old silk suit and cloak into a suit and +vest, and thence with Mr. Kinaston (whom I had set down in the Strand and +took up again at the Temple gate) home, and there to dinner, mightily +pleased with my wife's playing on the flageolet, and so after dinner to +the office. Such is the want already of coals, and the despair of having +any supply, by reason of the enemy's being abroad, and no fleete of ours +to secure, that they are come, as Mr. Kinaston tells me, at this day to L5 +10s. per chaldron. All the afternoon busy at the office. In the evening +with my wife and Mercer took coach and to Islington to the Old House, and +there eat and drank and sang with great pleasure, and then round by +Hackney home with great pleasure, and when come home to bed, my stomach +not being well pleased with the cream we had to-night. + +27th. Wakened this morning, about three o'clock, by Mr. Griffin with a +letter from Sir W. Coventry to W. Pen, which W. Pen sent me to see, that +the Dutch are come up to the Nore again, and he knows not whether further +or no, and would have, therefore, several things done: ships sunk, and I +know not what--which Sir W. Pen (who it seems is very ill this night, or +would be thought so) hath directed Griffin to carry to the Trinity House; +so he went away with the letter, and I tried and with much ado did get a +little sleep more, and so up about six o'clock, full of thought what to do +with the little money I have left and my plate, wishing with all my heart +that that was all secured. So to the office, where much business all the +morning, and the more by my brethren being all out of the way; Sir W. Pen +this night taken so ill cannot stir; [Sir] W. Batten ill at Walthamstow; +Sir J. Minnes the like at Chatham, and my Lord Bruncker there also upon +business. Horrible trouble with the backwardness of the merchants to let +us have their ships, and seamen's running away, and not to be got or kept +without money. It is worth turning to our letters this day to Sir W. +Coventry about these matters. At noon to dinner, having a haunch of +venison boiled; and all my clerks at dinner with me; and mightily taken +with Mr. Gibson's discourse of the faults of this war in its management +compared [with] that in the last war, which I will get him to put into +writing. Thence, after dinner, to the office again, and there I saw the +proclamations come out this day for the Parliament to meet the 25th of +next month; for which God be praised! and another to invite seamen to +bring in their complaints, of their being ill-used in the getting their +tickets and money, there being a Committee of the Council appointed to +receive their complaints. This noon W. Hewer and T. Hater both tell me +that it is all over the town, and Mr. Pierce tells me also, this afternoon +coming to me, that for certain Sir G. Carteret hath parted with his +Treasurer's place, and that my Lord Anglesey is in it upon agreement and +change of places, though the latter part I do not think. This Povy told +me yesterday, and I think it is a wise act of [Sir] G. Carteret. Pierce +tells me that he hears for certain fresh at Court, that France and we +shall agree; and more, that yesterday was damned at the Council, the +Canary Company; and also that my Lord Mordaunt hath laid down his +Commission, both good things to please the Parliament, which I hope will +do good. Pierce tells me that all the town do cry out of our office, for +a pack of fools and knaves; but says that everybody speaks either well, or +at least the best of me, which is my great comfort, and think I do deserve +it, and shall shew I have; but yet do think, and he also, that the +Parliament will send us all going; and I shall be well contented with it, +God knows! But he tells me how Matt. Wren should say that he was told +that I should say that W. Coventry was guilty of the miscarriage at +Chatham, though I myself, as he confesses, did tell him otherwise, and +that it was wholly Pett's fault. This do trouble me, not only as untrue, +but as a design in some [one] or other to do me hurt; for, as the thing is +false, so it never entered into my mouth or thought, nor ever shall. He +says that he hath rectified Wren in his belief of this, and so all is +well. He gone, I to business till the evening, and then by chance home, +and find the fellow that come up with my wife, Coleman, last from +Brampton, a silly rogue, but one that would seem a gentleman; but I did +not stay with him. So to the office, where late, busy, and then to walk a +little in the garden, and so home to supper and to bed. News this tide, +that about 80 sail of the Dutch, great and small were seen coming up the +river this morning; and this tide some of them to the upper end of the +Hope. + +28th. Up, and hear Sir W. Batten is come to town: I to see him; he is +very ill of his fever, and come to town only for advice. Sir J. Minnes, I +hear also, is very ill all this night, worse than before. Thence I going +out met at the gate Sir H. Cholmly coming to me, and I to him in the +coach, and both of us presently to St. James's, by the way discoursing of +some Tangier business about money, which the want of I see will certainly +bring the place into a bad condition. We find the Duke of York and [Sir] +W. Coventry gone this morning, by two o'clock, to Chatham, to come home +to-night: and it is fine to observe how both the King and Duke of York +have, in their several late journeys to and again, done them in the night +for coolnesse. Thence with him to the Treasury Chamber, and then to the +Exchequer to inform ourselves a little about our warrant for L30,000 for +Tangier, which vexes us that it is so far off in time of payment. Having +walked two or three turns with him in the Hall we parted, and I home by +coach, and did business at the office till noon, and then by water to +White Hall to dinner to Sir G. Carteret, but he not at home, but I dined +with my Lady and good company, and good dinner. My Lady and the family in +very good humour upon this business of his parting with his place of +Treasurer of the Navy, which I perceive they do own, and we did talk of it +with satisfaction. They do here tell me that the Duke of Buckingham hath +surrendered himself to Secretary Morrice, and is going to the Tower. Mr. +Fenn, at the table, says that he hath been taken by the watch two or three +times of late, at unseasonable hours, but so disguised that they could not +know him: and when I come home, by and by, Mr. Lowther tells me that the +Duke of Buckingham do dine publickly this day at Wadlow's, at the Sun +Tavern; and is mighty merry, and sent word to the Lieutenant of the Tower, +that he would come to him as soon as he had dined. Now, how sad a thing +it is, when we come to make sport of proclaiming men traitors, and +banishing them, and putting them out of their offices, and Privy Council, +and of sending to and going to the Tower: God have mercy on us! At table, +my Lady and Sir Philip Carteret have great and good discourse of the +greatness of the present King of France--what great things he hath done, +that a man may pass, at any hour in the night, all over that wild city +[Paris], with a purse in his hand and no danger: that there is not a +beggar to be seen in it, nor dirt lying in it; that he hath married two of +Colbert's daughters to two of the greatest princes of France, and given +them portions--bought the greatest dukedom in France, and given it to +Colbert; + + [The Carterets appear to have mystified Pepys, who eagerly believed + all that was told him. At this time Paris was notoriously unsafe, + infested with robbers and beggars, and abominably unclean. Colbert + had three daughters, of whom the eldest was just married when Pepys + wrote, viz., Jean Marie Therese, to the Duc de Chevreuse, on the 3rd + February, 1667. The second daughter, Henriette Louise, was not + married to the Duc de St. Aignan till January 21st, 1671; and the + third, Marie Anne, to the Duc de Mortemart, February 14th, 1679. + Colbert himself was never made a duke. His highest title was + Marquis de Seignelay.--B.] + +and ne'er a prince in France dare whisper against it, whereas here our +King cannot do any such thing, but everybody's mouth is open against him +for it, and the man that hath the favour also. That to several commanders +that had not money to set them out to the present campagne, he did of his +own accord--send them L1000 sterling a-piece, to equip themselves. But +then they did enlarge upon the slavery of the people--that they are taxed +more than the real estates they have; nay, it is an ordinary thing for +people to desire to give the King all their land that they have, and +themselves become only his tenants, and pay him rent to the full value of +it: so they may have but their earnings, But this will not be granted; but +he shall give the value of his rent, and part of his labour too. That +there is not a petty governor of a province--nay, of a town, but he will +take the daughter from the richest man in the town under him, that hath +got anything, and give her to his footman for a wife if he pleases, and +the King of France will do the like to the best man in his kingdom--take +his daughter from him, and give her to his footman, or whom he pleases. +It is said that he do make a sport of us now; and says, that he knows no +reason why his cozen, the King of England, should not be as willing to let +him have his kingdom, as that the Dutch should take it from him, which is +a most wretched thing that ever we should live to be in this most +contemptible condition. After dinner Sir G. Carteret come in, and I to +him and my Lady, and there he did tell me that the business was done +between him and my Lord Anglesey; that himself is to have the other's +place of Deputy Treasurer of Ireland, which is a place of honour and great +profit, being far better, I know not for what reason, but a reason there +is, than the Treasurer's, my Lord of Corke's, and to give the other his, +of Treasurer of the Navy; that the King, at his earnest entreaty, did, +with much unwillingness, but with owning of great obligations to him, for +his faithfulness and long service to him and his father, and therefore was +willing to grant his desire. That the Duke of York hath given him the +same kind words, so that it is done with all the good manner that could +be, and he I perceive do look upon it, and so do I, I confess, as a great +good fortune to him to meet with one of my Lord Anglesey's quality willing +to receive it at this time. Sir W. Coventry he hath not yet made +acquainted with it, nor do intend it, it being done purely to ease himself +of the many troubles and plagues which he thinks the perverseness and +unkindness of Sir W. Coventry and others by his means have and is likely +every day to bring upon him, and the Parliament's envy, and lastly to put +himself into a condition of making up his accounts, which he is, he says, +afeard he shall never otherwise be. My Lord Chancellor, I perceive, is +his friend in it. I remember I did in the morning tell Sir H. Cholmly of +this business: and he answered me, he was sorry for it; for, whatever Sir +G. Carteret was, he is confident my Lord Anglesey is one of the greatest +knaves in the world, which is news to me, but I shall make my use of it. +Having done this discourse with Sir G. Carteret, and signified my great +satisfaction in it, which they seem to look upon as something, I went away +and by coach home, and there find my wife making of tea, a drink which Mr. +Pelling, the Potticary, tells her is good for her cold and defluxions. I +to the office (whither come Mr. Carcasse to me to sue for my favour to +him), and Sir W. Pen's, where I find Mr. Lowther come to town after the +journey, and after a small visit to him, I to the office to do much +business, and then in the evening to Sir W. Batten's, to see how he did; +and he is better than he was. He told me how Mrs. Lowther had her train +held up yesterday by her page, at his house in the country; which is so +ridiculous a piece of pride as I am ashamed of. He told me also how he +hears by somebody that my Lord Bruncker's maid hath told that her lady +Mrs. Williams had sold her jewels and clothes to raise money for something +or other; and indeed the last night a letter was sent from her to me, to +send to my Lord, with about five pieces of gold in it, which methought at +the time was but a poor supply. I then to Sir W. Pen, who continues a +little ill, or dissembles it, the latter of which I am apt to believe. +Here I staid but little, not meaning much kindness in it; and so to the +office, and dispatched more business; and then home at night, and to +supper with my wife, and who should come in but Mr. Pelling, and supped +with us, and told us the news of the town; how the officers of the Navy +are cried out upon, and a great many greater men; but do think that I +shall do well enough; and I think, if I have justice, I shall. He tells +me of my Lord Duke of Buckingham, his dining to-day at the Sun, and that +he was mighty merry; and, what is strange, tells me that really he is at +this day a very popular man, the world reckoning him to suffer upon no +other account than that he did propound in Parliament to have all the +questions that had to do with the receipt of the taxes and prizes; but +they must be very silly that do think he can do any thing out of good +intention. After a great deal of tittle-tattle with this honest man, he +gone we to bed. We hear that the Dutch are gone down again; and thanks be +to God! the trouble they give us this second time is not very +considerable. + +29th. Up, having had many ugly dreams to-night of my father and my sister +and mother's coming to us, and meeting my wife and me at the gate of the +office going out, they all in laced suits, and come, they told me, to be +with me this May day. My mother told me she lacked a pair of gloves, and +I remembered a pair of my wife's in my chamber, and resolved she should +have them, but then recollected how my mother come to be here when I was +in mourning for her, and so thinking it to be a mistake in our thinking +her all this while dead, I did contrive that it should be said to any that +enquired that it was my mother-in-law, my wife's mother, that was dead, +and we in mourning for. This dream troubled me and I waked . . . . +These dreams did trouble me mightily all night. Up, and by coach to St. +James's, and there find Sir W. Coventry and Sir W. Pen above stairs, and +then we to discourse about making up our accounts against the Parliament; +and Sir W. Coventry did give us the best advice he could for us to provide +for our own justification, believing, as everybody do, that they will fall +heavily upon us all, though he lay all upon want of money, only a little, +he says (if the Parliament be in any temper), may be laid upon themselves +for not providing money sooner, they being expressly and industriously +warned thereof by him, he says, even to the troubling them, that some of +them did afterwards tell him that he had frighted them. He says he do +prepare to justify himself, and that he hears that my Lord Chancellor, my +Lord Arlington, the Vice Chamberlain and himself are reported all up and +down the Coffee houses to be the four sacrifices that must be made to +atone the people. Then we to talk of the loss of all affection and +obedience, now in the seamen, so that all power is lost. He told us that +he do concur in thinking that want of money do do the most of it, but that +that is not all, but the having of gentlemen Captains, who discourage all +Tarpaulins, and have given out that they would in a little time bring it +to that pass that a Tarpaulin should not dare to aspire to more than to be +a Boatswain or a gunner. That this makes the Sea Captains to lose their +own good affections to the service, and to instil it into the seamen also, +and that the seamen do see it themselves and resent it; and tells us that +it is notorious, even to his bearing of great ill will at Court, that he +hath been the opposer of gentlemen Captains; and Sir W. Pen did put in, +and said that he was esteemed to have been the man that did instil it into +Sir W. Coventry, which Sir W. Coventry did owne also, and says that he +hath always told the Gentlemen Captains his opinion of them, and that +himself who had now served to the business of the sea 6 or 7 years should +know a little, and as much as them that had never almost been at sea, and +that yet he found himself fitter to be a Bishop or Pope than to be a +Sea-Commander, and so indeed he is. I begun to tell him of the experience +I had of the great brags made by Sir F. Hollis the other day, and the +little proof either of the command or interest he had in his men, which +Sir W. Pen seconded by saying Sir Fr. Hollis had told him that there was +not a pilot to be got the other day for his fire-ships, and so was forced +to carry them down himself, which Sir W. Coventry says, in my conscience, +he knows no more to do and understand the River no more than he do Tiber +or Ganges. Thence I away with Sir W. Pen to White Hall, to the Treasury +Chamber, but to no purpose, and so by coach home, and there to my office +to business, and then home to dinner, and to pipe with my wife, and so to +the office again, having taken a resolution to take a turn to Chatham +to-morrow, indeed to do business of the King's, but also to give myself +the satisfaction of seeing the place after the Dutch have been here. I +have sent to and got Creed to go with me by coach betimes to-morrow +morning. After having done my business at the office I home, and there I +found Coleman come again to my house, and with my wife in our great +chamber, which vexed me, there being a bed therein. I staid there awhile, +and then to my study vexed, showing no civility to the man. But he comes +on a compliment to receive my wife's commands into the country, whither he +is going, and it being Saturday my wife told me there was no other room +for her to bring him in, and so much is truth. But I staid vexed in my +closet till by and by my cozen Thomas Pepys, of Hatcham, come to see me, +and he up to my closet, and there sat talking an hour or two of the sad +state of the times, whereof we did talk very freely, and he thinks nothing +but a union of religious interests will ever settle us; and I do think +that, and the Parliament's taking the whole management of things into +their hands, and severe inquisitions into our miscarriages; will help us. +After we had bewailed ourselves and the kingdom very freely one to another +(wherein I do blame myself for my freedom of speech to anybody), he gone, +and Coleman gone also before, I to the office, whither Creed come by my +desire, and he and I to my wife, to whom I now propose the going to +Chatham, who, mightily pleased with it, sent for Mercer to go with her, +but she could not go, having friends at home, which vexed my wife and me; +and the poor wretch would have had anybody else to have gone, but I would +like nobody else, so was contented to stay at home, on condition to go to +Ispsum next Sunday, which I will do, and so I to the office to dispatch my +business, and then home to supper with Creed, and then Creed and I +together to bed, very pleasant in discourse. This day talking with Sir W. +Batten, he did give me an account how ill the King and Duke of York was +advised to send orders for our frigates and fire-ships to come from +Gravesend, soon as ever news come of the Dutch being returned into the +river, wherein no seamen, he believes, was advised with; for, says he, we +might have done just as Warwicke did, when he, W. Batten; come with the +King and the like fleete, in the late wars, into the river: for Warwicke +did not run away from them, but sailed before them when they sailed, and +come to anchor when they come to anchor, and always kept in a small +distance from them: so as to be able to take any opportunity of any of +their ships running aground, or change of wind, or any thing else, to his +advantage. So might we have done with our fire-ships, and we have lost an +opportunity of taking or burning a good ship of their's, which was run +aground about Holehaven, I think he said, with the wind so as their ships +could not get her away; but we might have done what we would with her, +and, it may be, done them mischief, too, with the wind. This seems very +probable, and I believe was not considered. + +30th (Lord's day). Up about three o'clock, and Creed and I got ourselves +ready, and took coach at our gate, it being very fine weather, and the +cool of the morning, and with much pleasure, without any stop, got to +Rochester about ten of the clock, all the way having mighty pleasant talk +of the fate that is over all we do, that it seems as if we were designed +in every thing, by land by sea, to undo ourselves. At the foot of +Rochester bridge, at the landing-place, I met my Lord Bruncker and my Lord +Douglas, and all the officers of the soldiers in the town, waiting there +for the Duke of York, whom they heard was coming thither this day; by and +by comes my Lord Middleton, the first time I remember to have seen him, +well mounted, who had been to meet him, but come back without him; he +seems a fine soldier, and so every body says he is; and a man, like my +Lord Teviott, and indeed most of the Scotch gentry, as I observe, of few +words. After staying here by the water-side and seeing the boats come up +from Chatham, with them that rowed with bandeleeres about their shoulders, +and muskets in their boats, they being the workmen of the Yard, who have +promised to redeem their credit, lost by their deserting the service when +the Dutch were there, my Lord Bruncker went with Lord Middleton to his +inne, the Crowne, to dinner, which I took unkindly, but he was slightly +invited. So I and Creed down by boat to Chatham-yard (our watermen having +their bandeleeres about them all the way), and to Commissioner Pett's +house, where my Lord Bruncker told me that I should meet with his dinner +two dishes of meat, but did not, but however by the help of Mr. Wiles had +some beer and ale brought me, and a good piece of roast beef from +somebody's table, and eat well at two, and after dinner into the garden to +shew Creed, and I must confess it must needs be thought a sorrowful thing +for a man that hath taken so much pains to make a place neat to lose it as +Commissioner Pett must now this. Thence to see the batteries made; which, +indeed, are very fine, and guns placed so as one would think the River +should be very secure. I was glad, as also it was new to me, to see so +many fortifications as I have of late seen, and so up to the top of the +Hill, there to look, and could see towards Sheerenesse, to spy the Dutch +fleete, but could make [out] none but one vessel, they being all gone. +But here I was told, that, in all the late attempt, there was but one man +that they knew killed on shore: and that was a man that had laid himself +upon his belly upon one of the hills, on the other side of the River, to +see the action; and a bullet come, took the ground away just under his +belly, and ripped up his belly, and so was killed. Thence back to the +docke, and in my way saw how they are fain to take the deals of the +rope-house to supply other occasions, and how sillily the country troopers +look, that stand upon the passes there; and, methinks, as if they were +more willing to run away than to fight, and it is said that the country +soldiers did first run at Sheerenesse, but that then my Lord Douglas's men +did run also; but it is excused that there was no defence for them towards +the sea, that so the very beach did fly in their faces as the bullets +come, and annoyed them, they having, after all this preparation of the +officers of the ordnance, only done something towards the land, and +nothing at all towards the sea. The people here everywhere do speak very +badly of Sir Edward Spragge, as not behaving himself as he should have +done in that business, going away with the first, and that old Captain +Pyne, who, I am here told, and no sooner, is Master-Gunner of England, was +the last that staid there. Thence by barge, it raining hard, down to the +chaine; and in our way did see the sad wrackes of the poor "Royall Oake," +"James," and "London;" + + ["The bottom of the 'Royal James' is got afloat, and those of the + 'Loyal London' and 'Royal Oak' soon will be so. Many men are at work + to put Sheerness in a posture of defence, and a boom is being fitted + over the river by Upnor Castle, which with the good fortifications + will leave nothing to fear."--Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. + 285.] + +and several other of our ships by us sunk, and several of the enemy's, +whereof three men-of-war that they could not get off, and so burned. We +did also see several dead bodies lie by the side of the water. I do not +see that Upnor Castle hath received any hurt by them, though they played +long against it; and they themselves shot till they had hardly a gun left +upon the carriages, so badly provided they were: they have now made two +batteries on that side, which will be very good, and do good service. So +to the chaine, and there saw it fast at the end on Upnor side of the +River; very fast, and borne up upon the several stages across the River; +and where it is broke nobody can tell me. I went on shore on Upnor side +to look upon the end of the chaine; and caused the link to be measured, +and it was six inches and one-fourth in circumference. They have burned +the Crane House that was to hawl it taught. It seems very remarkable to +me, and of great honour to the Dutch, that those of them that did go on +shore to Gillingham, though they went in fear of their lives, and were +some of them killed; and, notwithstanding their provocation at Schelling, +yet killed none of our people nor plundered their houses, but did take +some things of easy carriage, and left the rest, and not a house burned; +and, which is to our eternal disgrace, that what my Lord Douglas's men, +who come after them, found there, they plundered and took all away; and +the watermen that carried us did further tell us, that our own soldiers +are far more terrible to those people of the country-towns than the Dutch +themselves. We were told at the batteries, upon my seeing of the +field-guns that were there, that, had they come a day sooner, they had +been able to have saved all; but they had no orders, and lay lingering +upon the way, and did not come forward for want of direction. +Commissioner Pett's house was all unfurnished, he having carried away all +his goods. I met with no satisfaction whereabouts the chaine was broke, +but do confess I met with nobody that I could well expect to have +satisfaction [from], it being Sunday; and the officers of the Yard most of +them abroad, or at the Hill house, at the pay of the Chest, which they did +make use of to day to do part in. Several complaints, I hear, of the +Monmouth's coming away too soon from the chaine, where she was placed with +the two guard-ships to secure it; and Captain Robert Clerke, my friend, is +blamed for so doing there, but I hear nothing of him at London about it; +but Captain Brookes's running aground with the "Sancta Maria," which was +one of the three ships that were ordered to be sunk to have dammed up the +River at the chaine, is mightily cried against, and with reason, he being +the chief man to approve of the abilities of other men, and the other two +slips did get safe thither and he run aground; but yet I do hear that +though he be blameable, yet if she had been there, she nor two more to +them three would have been able to have commanded the river all over. I +find that here, as it hath been in our river, fire-ships, when fitted, +have been sunk afterwards, and particularly those here at the Mussle, +where they did no good at all. Our great ships that were run aground and +sunk are all well raised but the "Vanguard," which they go about to raise +to-morrow. "The Henery," being let loose to drive up the river of +herself, did run up as high as the bridge, and broke down some of the +rails of the bridge, and so back again with the tide, and up again, and +then berthed himself so well as no pilot could ever have done better; and +Punnet says he would not, for his life, have undertaken to have done it, +with all his skill. I find it is true that the Dutch did heele "The +Charles" to get her down, and yet run aground twice or thrice, and yet got +her safe away, and have her, with a great many good guns in her, which +none of our pilots would ever have undertaken. It is very considerable +the quantity of goods, which the making of these platforms and batterys do +take out of the King's stores: so that we shall have little left there, +and, God knows! no credit to buy any; besides, the taking away and +spending of (it is possible) several goods that would have been either +rejected or abatement made for them before used. It is a strange thing to +see that, while my Lords Douglas and Middleton do ride up and down upon +single horses, my Lord Bruncker do go up and down with his hackney-coach +and six horses at the King's charge, which will do, for all this time, and +the time that he is likely to stay, must amount to a great deal. But I do +not see that he hath any command over the seamen, he being affronted by +three or four seamen before my very face, which he took sillily, +methought; and is not able to do so much good as a good boatswain in this +business. My Lord Bruncker, I perceive, do endeavour to speak well of +Commissioner Pett, saying that he did exercise great care and pains while +he was there, but do not undertake to answer for his not carrying up of +the great ships. Back again to Rochester, and there walked to the +Cathedral as they were beginning of the service, but would not be seen to +stay to church there, besides had no mind, but rather to go to our inne, +the White Hart, where we drank and were fain (the towne being so full of +soldiers) to have a bed corded for us to lie in, I being unwilling to lie +at the Hill house for one night, being desirous to be near our coach to be +gone betimes to-morrow morning. Here in the streets, I did hear the +Scotch march beat by the drums before the soldiers, which is very odde. +Thence to the Castle, and viewed it with Creed, and had good satisfaction +from him that showed it us touching the history of it. Then into the +fields, a fine walk, and there saw Sir Francis Clerke's house, which is a +pretty seat, and then back to our inne and bespoke supper, and so back to +the fields and into the Cherry garden, where we had them fresh gathered, +and here met with a young, plain, silly shopkeeper, and his wife, a pretty +young woman, the man's name Hawkins, and I did kiss her, and we talked +(and the woman of the house is a very talking bawdy jade), and eat +cherries together, and then to walk in the fields till it was late, and +did kiss her, and I believe had I had a fit time and place I might have +done what I would with her. Walked back and left them at their house near +our inne, and then to our inne, where, I hear, my Lord Bruncker hath sent +for me to speak with me before I go: so I took his coach, which stands +there with two horses, and to him and to his bedside, where he was in bed, +and hath a watchman with a halbert at his door; and to him, and did talk a +little, and find him a very weak man for this business that he is upon; +and do pity the King's service, that is no better handled, and his folly +to call away Pett before we could have found a better man to have staid in +his stead; so took leave of him, and with Creed back again, it being now +about 10 at night, and to our inne to supper, and then to bed, being both +sleepy, but could get no sheets to our bed, only linen to our mouths, and +so to sleep, merrily talking of Hawkins and his wife, and troubled that +Creed did see so much of my dalliance, though very little. + + + + + ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS: + + Buying his place of my Lord Barkely + Heeling her on one side to make her draw little water + Know yourself to be secure, in being necessary to the office + Night the Dutch burned our ships the King did sup with Castlemayne + Young fellow, with his hat cocked like a fool behind + + + + + +End of Project Gutenberg's Diary of Samuel Pepys, June 1667, by Samuel Pepys + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DIARY OF SAMUEL PEPYS, JUNE 1667 *** + +***** This file should be named 4177.txt or 4177.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/4/1/7/4177/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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Up; and there comes to me Mr. Commander, whom I employ about +hiring of some ground behind the office, for the building of me a stable +and coach-house: for I do find it necessary for me, both in respect to +honour and the profit of it also, my expense in hackney-coaches being now +so great, to keep a coach, and therefore will do it. Having given him +some instructions about it, I to the office, where we sat all the +morning; where we have news that our peace with Spayne, as to trade, is +wholly concluded, and we are to furnish him with some men for Flanders +against the French. How that will agree with the French, I know not; but +they say that he also hath liberty, to get what men he pleases out of +England. But for the Spaniard, I hear that my Lord Castlehaven is +raising a regiment of 4000 men, which he is to command there; and several +young gentlemen are going over in commands with him: and they say the +Duke of Monmouth is going over only as a traveller, not to engage on +either side, but only to see the campagne, which will be becoming him +much more than to live whoreing and rogueing, as he now do. After dinner +to the office, where, after a little nap, I fell to business, and did +very much with infinite joy to myself, as it always is to me when I have +dispatched much business, and therefore it troubles me to see how hard it +is for me to settle to it sometimes when my mind is upon pleasure. So +home late to supper and to bed. + + + +2nd (Lord's day). Up betimes, and down to my chamber without trimming +myself, or putting on clean linen, thinking only to keep to my chamber +and do business to-day, but when I come there I find that without being +shaved I am not fully awake, nor ready to settle to business, and so was +fain to go up again and dress myself, which I did, and so down to my +chamber, and fell roundly to business, and did to my satisfaction by +dinner go far in the drawing up a state of my accounts of Tangier for the +new Lords Commissioners. So to dinner, and then to my business again all +the afternoon close, when Creed come to visit me, but I did put him off, +and to my business, till anon I did make an end, and wrote it fair with a +letter to the Lords to accompany my accounts, which I think will be so +much satisfaction and so soon done (their order for my doing it being +dated but May 30) as they will not find from any hand else. Being weary +and almost blind with writing and reading so much to-day, I took boat at +the Old Swan, and there up the river all alone as high as Putney almost, +and then back again, all the way reading, and finishing Mr. Boyle's book +of Colours, which is so chymical, that I can understand but little of it, +but understand enough to see that he is a most excellent man. So back +and home, and there to supper, and so to bed. + + + +3rd. Up, and by coach to St. James's, and with Sir W. Coventry a great +while talking about several businesses, but especially about accounts, +and how backward our Treasurer is in giving them satisfaction, and the +truth is I do doubt he cannot do better, but it is strange to say that +being conscious of our doing little at this day, nor for some time past +in our office for want of money, I do hang my head to him, and cannot be +so free with him as I used to be, nor can be free with him, though of all +men, I think, I have the least cause to be so, having taken so much more +pains, while I could do anything, than the rest of my fellows. Parted +with him, and so going through the Park met Mr. Mills, our parson, whom I +went back with to bring him to [Sir] W. Coventry, to give him the form of +a qualification for the Duke of York to sign to, to enable him to have +two livings: which was a service I did, but much against my will, for a +lazy, fat priest. Thence to Westminster Hall, and there walked a turn or +two with Sir William Doyly, who did lay a wager with me, the +Treasurership would be in one hand, notwithstanding this present +Commission, before Christmas: on which we did lay a poll of ling, a brace +of carps, and a pottle of wine; and Sir W. Pen and Mr. Scowen to be at +the eating of them. Thence down by water to Deptford, it being Trinity +Monday, when the Master is chosen, and there, finding them all at church, +and thinking they dined, as usual, at Stepny, I turned back, having a +good book in my hand, the Life of Cardinal Wolsey, wrote by his own +servant, and to Ratcliffe; and so walked to Stepny, and spent, my time in +the churchyard, looking over the gravestones, expecting when the company +would come by. Finding no company stirring, I sent to the house to see; +and, it seems, they dine not there, but at Deptford: so I back again to +Deptford, and there find them just sat down. And so I down with them; +and we had a good dinner of plain meat, and good company at our table: +among others, my good Mr. Evelyn, with whom, after dinner, I stepped +aside, and talked upon the present posture of our affairs; which is, that +the Dutch are known to be abroad with eighty sail of ships of war, and +twenty fire-ships; and the French come into the Channell with twenty sail +of men-of-war, and five fireships, while we have not a ship at sea to do +them any hurt with; but are calling in all we can, while our Embassadors +are treating at Bredah; and the Dutch look upon them as come to beg +peace, and use them accordingly; and all this through the negligence of +our Prince, who hath power, if he would, to master all these with the +money and men that he hath had the command of, and may now have, if he +would mind his business. But, for aught we see, the Kingdom is likely to +be lost, as well as the reputation of it is, for ever; notwithstanding so +much reputation got and preserved by a rebel that went before him. This +discourse of ours ended with sorrowful reflections upon our condition, +and so broke up, and Creed and I got out of the room, and away by water +to White Hall, and there he and I waited in the Treasury-chamber an hour +or two, where we saw the Country Receivers and Accountants for money come +to attend; and one of them, a brisk young fellow, with his hat cocked +like a fool behind, as the present fashion among the blades is, committed +to the Serjeant. By and by, I, upon desire, was called in, and delivered +in my report of my Accounts. Present, Lord Ashly, Clifford, and Duncomb, +who, being busy, did not read it; but committed it to Sir George Downing, +and so I was dismissed; but, Lord! to see how Duncomb do take upon him +is an eyesore, though I think he deserves great honour, but only the +suddenness of his rise, and his pride. But I do like the way of these +lords, that they admit nobody to use many words, nor do they spend many +words themselves, but in great state do hear what they see necessary, and +say little themselves, but bid withdraw. Thence Creed and I by water up +to Fox Hall, and over against it stopped, thinking to see some Cock- +fighting; but it was just being done, and, therefore, back again to the +other side, and to Spring Garden, and there eat and drank a little, and +then to walk up and down the garden, reflecting upon the bad management +of things now, compared with what it was in the late rebellious times, +when men, some for fear, and some for religion, minded their business, +which none now do, by being void of both. Much talk of this and, other +kinds, very pleasant, and so when it was almost night we home, setting +him in at White Hall, and I to the Old Swan, and thence home, where to +supper, and then to read a little, and so to bed. + + + +4th. Up, and to the office, and there busy all the morning putting in +order the answering the great letter sent to the office by the new +Commissioners of the Treasury, who demand an account from the King's +coming in to this day, which we shall do in the best manner we can. At +noon home to dinner, and after dinner comes Mr. Commander to me and tells +me, after all, that I cannot have a lease of the ground for my coach- +house and stable, till a suit in law be ended, about the end of the old +stable now standing, which they and I would have pulled down to make a +better way for a coach. I am a little sorry that I cannot presently have +it, because I am pretty full in my mind of keeping a coach; but yet, when +I think on it again, the Dutch and French both at sea, and we poor, and +still out of order, I know not yet what turns there may be, and besides, +I am in danger of parting with one of my places, which relates to the +Victualling, that brings me by accident in L800 a year, that is, L300 +from the King and L500 from D. Gawden. I ought to be well contented to +forbear awhile, and therefore I am contented. To the office all the +afternoon, where I dispatched much business to my great content, and then +home in the evening, and there to sing and pipe with my wife, and that +being done, she fell all of a sudden to discourse about her clothes and +my humours in not suffering her to wear them as she pleases, and grew to +high words between us, but I fell to read a book (Boyle's Hydrostatiques) + + ["Hydrostatical Paradoxes made out by New Experiments" was + published by the Hon. Robert Boyle in 1666 (Oxford).] + +aloud in my chamber and let her talk, till she was tired and vexed that I +would not hear her, and so become friends, and to bed together the first +night after 4 or 5 that she hath lain from me by reason of a great cold +she had got. + + + +5th. Up, and with Mr. Kenasteri by coach to White Hall to the +Commissioners of the Treasury about getting money for Tangier, and did +come to, after long waiting, speak with them, and there I find them all +sat; and, among the rest, Duncomb lolling, with his heels upon another +chair, by that, that he sat upon, and had an answer good enough, and then +away home, and (it being a most windy day, and hath been so all night, +South West, and we have great hopes that it may have done the Dutch or +French fleets some hurt) having got some papers in order, I back to St. +James's, where we all met at Sir W. Coventry's chamber, and dined and +talked of our business, he being a most excellent man, and indeed, with +all his business, hath more of his employed upon the good of the service +of the Navy, than all of us, that makes me ashamed of it. This noon +Captain Perriman brings us word how the Happy Returne's' [crew] below in +the Hope, ordered to carry the Portugal Embassador to Holland (and the +Embassador, I think, on board), refuse to go till paid; and by their +example two or three more ships are in a mutiny: which is a sad +consideration, while so many of the enemy's ships are at this day +triumphing in the sea. Here a very good and neat dinner, after the +French manner, and good discourse, and then up after dinner to the Duke +of York and did our usual business, and are put in hopes by Sir W. +Coventry that we shall have money, and so away, Sir G. Carteret and I to +my Lord Crew to advise about Sir G. Carteret's carrying his accounts to- +morrow to the Commissioners appointed to examine them and all other +accounts since the war, who at last by the King's calling them to him +yesterday and chiding them will sit, but Littleton and Garraway much +against their wills. The truth of it is, it is a ridiculous thing, for +it will come to nothing, nor do the King nor kingdom good in any manner, +I think. Here they talked of my Lord Hinchingbroke's match with Lord +Burlington's daughter, which is now gone a pretty way forward, and to +great content, which I am infinitely glad of. So from hence to White +Hall, and in the streete Sir G. Carteret showed me a gentleman coming by +in his coach, who hath been sent for up out of Lincolneshire, I think he +says he is a justice of peace there, that the Council have laid by the +heels here, and here lies in a messenger's hands, for saying that a man +and his wife are but one person, and so ought to pay but 12d. for both to +the Poll Bill; by which others were led to do the like: and so here he +lies prisoner. To White Hall, and there I attended to speak with Sir W. +Coventry about Lanyon's business, to get him some money out of the Prize +Office from my Lord Ashly, and so home, and there to the office a little, +and thence to my chamber to read, and supper, and to bed. My father, +blessed be God! finds great ease by his new steel trusse, which he put on +yesterday. So to bed. The Duke of Cambridge past hopes of living still. + + + +6th. Up, and to the office all the morning, where (which he hath not +done a great while) Sir G. Carteret come to advise with us for the +disposing of L10,000, which is the first sum the new Lords Treasurers +have provided us; but, unless we have more, this will not enable us to +cut off any of the growing charge which they seem to give it us for, and +expect we should discharge several ships quite off with it. So home and +with my father and wife to Sir W. Pen's to dinner, which they invited us +to out of their respect to my father, as a stranger; though I know them +as false as the devil himself, and that it is only that they think it fit +to oblige me; wherein I am a happy man, that all my fellow-officers are +desirous of my friendship. Here as merry as in so false a place, and +where I must dissemble my hatred, I could be, and after dinner my father +and wife to a play, and I to my office, and there busy all the afternoon +till late at night, and then my wife and I sang a song or two in the +garden, and so home to supper and to bed. This afternoon comes Mr. +Pierce to me about some business, and tells me that the Duke of Cambridge +is yet living, but every minute expected to die, and is given over by all +people, which indeed is a sad loss. + + + +7th. Up, and after with my flageolet and Mr. Townsend, whom I sent for +to come to me to discourse about my Lord Sandwich's business; for whom I +am in some pain, lest the Accounts of the Wardrobe may not be in so good +order as may please the new Lords Treasurers, who are quick-sighted, and +under obligations of recommending themselves to the King and the world, +by their finding and mending of faults, and are, most of them, not the +best friends to my Lord, and to the office, and there all the morning. +At noon home to dinner, my father, wife, and I, and a good dinner, and +then to the office again, where busy all the afternoon, also I have a +desire to dispatch all business that hath lain long on my hands, and so +to it till the evening, and then home to sing and pipe with my wife, and +then to supper and to bed, my head full of thoughts how to keep if I can +some part of my wages as Surveyor of the Victualling, which I see must +now come to be taken away among the other places that have been +occasioned by this war, and the rather because I have of late an +inclination to keep a coach. Ever since my drinking, two days ago, some +very Goole drink at Sir W. Coventry's table I have been full of wind and +with some pain, and I was afraid last night that it would amount to much, +but, blessed be God! I find that the worst is past, so that I do clearly +see that all the indisposition I am liable to-day as to sickness is only +the Colique. This day I read (shown me by Mr. Gibson) a discourse newly +come forth of the King of France, his pretence to Flanders, which is a +very fine discourse, and the truth is, hath so much of the Civil Law in +it, that I am not a fit judge of it, but, as it appears to me, he hath a +good pretence to it by right of his Queene. So to bed. + + + +8th. Up, and to the office, where all the news this morning is, that the +Dutch are come with a fleete of eighty sail to Harwich, and that guns +were heard plain by Sir W. Rider's people at Bednallgreene, all yesterday +even. So to the office, we all sat all the morning, and then home to +dinner, where our dinner a ham of French bacon, boiled with pigeons, an +excellent dish. Here dined with us only W. Hewer and his mother. After +dinner to the office again, where busy till night, and then home and to +read a little and then to bed. The news is confirmed that the Dutch are +off of Harwich, but had done nothing last night. The King hath sent down +my Lord of Oxford to raise the countries there; and all the Westerne +barges are taken up to make a bridge over the River, about the Hope, for +horse to cross the River, if there be occasion. + + + +9th (Lord's day). Up, and by water to White Hall, and so walked to St. +James's, where I hear that the Duke of Cambridge, who was given over long +since by the Doctors, is now likely to recover; for which God be praised! +To Sir W. Coventry, and there talked with him a great while; and mighty +glad I was of my good fortune to visit him, for it keeps in my +acquaintance with him, and the world sees it, and reckons my interest +accordingly. In comes my Lord Barkeley, who is going down to Harwich +also to look after the militia there: and there is also the Duke of +Monmouth, and with him a great many young Hectors, the Lord Chesterfield, +my Lord Mandeville, and others: but to little purpose, I fear, but to +debauch the country women thereabouts. My Lord Barkeley wanting some +maps, and Sir W. Coventry recommending the six maps of England that are +bound up for the pocket, I did offer to present my Lord with them, which +he accepted: and so I will send them him. Thence to White Hall, and +there to the Chapel, where I met Creed, and he and I staid to hear who +preached, which was a man who begun dully, and so we away by water and +landed in Southwarke, and to a church in the street where we take water +beyond the bridge, which was so full and the weather hot that we could +not stand there. So to my house, where we find my father and wife at +dinner, and after dinner Creed and I by water to White Hall, and there we +parted, and I to Sir G. Carteret's, where, he busy, I up into the house, +and there met with a gentleman, Captain Aldrige, that belongs to my Lord +Barkeley, and I did give him the book of maps for my Lord, and so I to +Westminster Church and there staid a good while, and saw Betty Michell +there. So away thence, and after church time to Mrs. Martin's, and then +hazer what I would with her, and then took boat and up, all alone, a most +excellent evening, as high as Barne Elmes, and there took a turn; and +then to my boat again, and home, reading and making an end of the book I +lately bought a merry satyr called "The Visions," translated from Spanish +by L'Estrange, wherein there are many very pretty things; but the +translation is, as to the rendering it into English expression, the best +that ever I saw, it being impossible almost to conceive that it should be +a translation. Being come home I find an order come for the getting some +fire-ships presently to annoy the Dutch, who are in the King's Channel, +and expected up higher. So [Sir] W. Batten and [Sir] W. Pen being come +this evening from their country houses to town we did issue orders about +it, and then home to supper and, to bed, + + + +10th. Up; and news brought us that, the Dutch are come up as high as the +Nore; and more pressing orders for fireships. W. Batten, W. Pen, and I +to St. James's; where the Duke of York gone this morning betimes, to send +away some men down to Chatham. So we three to White Hall, and met Sir W. +Coventry, who presses all that is possible for fire-ships. So we three +to the office presently; and thither comes Sir Fretcheville Hollis, who +is to command them all in some exploits he is to do with them on the +enemy in the River. So we all down to Deptford, and pitched upon ships +and set men at work: but, Lord! to see how backwardly things move at this +pinch, notwithstanding that, by the enemy's being now come up as high as +almost the Hope, Sir J. Minnes, who has gone down to pay some ships +there, hath sent up the money; and so we are possessed of money to do +what we will with. Yet partly ourselves, being used to be idle and in +despair, and partly people that have been used to be deceived by us as to +money, won't believe us; and we know not, though we have it, how almost +to promise it; and our wants such, and men out of the way, that it is an +admirable thing to consider how much the King suffers, and how necessary +it is in a State to keep the King's service always in a good posture and +credit. Here I eat a bit, and then in the afternoon took boat and down +to Greenwich, where I find the stairs full of people, there being a great +riding + + [It was an ancient custom in Berkshire, when a man had beaten his + wife, for the neighbours to parade in front of his house, for the + purpose of serenading him with kettles, and horns and hand-bells, + and every species of "rough music," by which name the ceremony was + designated. Perhaps the riding mentioned by Pepys was a punishment + somewhat similar. Malcolm ("Manners of London") quotes from the + "Protestant Mercury," that a porter's lady, who resided near Strand + Lane, beat her husband with so much violence and perseverance, that + the poor man was compelled to leap out of the window to escape her + fury. Exasperated at this virago, the neighbours made a "riding," + i.e. a pedestrian procession, headed by a drum, and accompanied by a + chemise, displayed for a banner. The manual musician sounded the + tune of "You round-headed cuckolds, come dig, come dig!" and nearly + seventy coalheavers, carmen, and porters, adorned with large horns + fastened to their heads, followed. The public seemed highly pleased + with the nature of the punishment, and gave liberally to the + vindicators of injured manhood.--B.] + +there to-day for a man, the constable of the town, whose wife beat him. +Here I was with much ado fain to press two watermen to make me a galley, +and so to Woolwich to give order for the dispatch of a ship I have taken +under my care to see dispatched, and orders being so given, I, under +pretence to fetch up the ship, which lay at Grays (the Golden Hand), + + [The "Golden Hand" was to have been used for the conveyance of the + Swedish Ambassadors' horses and goods to Holland. In August, 1667, + Frances, widow of Captain Douglas and daughter of Lord Grey, + petitioned the king "for a gift of the prize ship Golden Hand, now + employed in weighing the ships sunk at Chatham, where her husband + lost his life in defence of the ships against the Dutch" ("Calendar + of State Papers," 1667, p. 430)] + +did do that in my way, and went down to Gravesend, where I find the Duke +of Albemarle just come, with a great many idle lords and gentlemen, with +their pistols and fooleries; and the bulwarke not able to have stood half +an hour had they come up; but the Dutch are fallen down from the Hope and +Shell-haven as low as Sheernesse, and we do plainly at this time hear the +guns play. Yet I do not find the Duke of Albemarle intends to go +thither, but stays here to-night, and hath, though the Dutch are gone, +ordered our frigates to be brought to a line between the two blockhouses; +which I took then to be a ridiculous thing. So I away into the town and +took a captain or two of our ships (who did give me an account of the +proceedings of the Dutch fleete in the river) to the taverne, and there +eat and drank, and I find the townsmen had removed most of their goods +out of the town, for fear of the Dutch coming up to them; and from Sir +John Griffen, that last night there was not twelve men to be got in the +town to defend it: which the master of the house tells me is not true, +but that the men of the town did intend to stay, though they did indeed, +and so had he, at the Ship, removed their goods. Thence went off to an +Ostend man-of-war, just now come up, who met the Dutch fleete, who took +three ships that he come convoying hither from him says they are as low +as the Nore, or thereabouts. So I homeward, as long as it was light +reading Mr. Boyle's book of Hydrostatics, which is a most excellent book +as ever I read, and I will take much pains to understand him through if I +can, the doctrine being very useful. When it grew too dark to read I lay +down and took a nap, it being a most excellent fine evening, and about +one o'clock got home, and after having wrote to Sir W. Coventry an +account of what I had done and seen (which is entered in my letter-book), +I to bed. + + + +11th. Up, and more letters still from Sir W. Coventry about more fire- +ships, and so Sir W. Batten and I to the office, where Bruncker come to +us, who is just now going to Chatham upon a desire of Commissioner +Pett's, who is in a very fearful stink for fear of the Dutch, and desires +help for God and the King and kingdom's sake. So Bruncker goes down, and +Sir J. Minnes also, from Gravesend. This morning Pett writes us word +that Sheernesse is lost last night, after two or three hours' dispute. +The enemy hath possessed himself of that place; which is very sad, and +puts us into great fears of Chatham. Sir W. Batten and I down by water +to Deptford, and there Sir W. Pen and we did consider of several matters +relating to the dispatch of the fire-ships, and so [Sir] W. Batten and I +home again, and there to dinner, my wife and father having dined, and +after dinner, by W. Hewer's lucky advice, went to Mr. Fenn, and did get +him to pay me above L400 of my wages, and W. Hewer received it for me, +and brought it home this night. Thence I meeting Mr. Moore went toward +the other end of the town by coach, and spying Mercer in the street, +I took leave of Moore and 'light and followed her, and at Paul's overtook +her and walked with her through the dusty street almost to home, and +there in Lombard Street met The. Turner in coach, who had been at my +house to see us, being to go out of town to-morrow to the Northward, +and so I promised to see her tomorrow, and then home, and there to our +business, hiring some fire-ships, and receiving every hour almost letters +from Sir W. Coventry, calling for more fire-ships; and an order from +Council to enable us to take any man's ships; and Sir W. Coventry, in his +letter to us, says he do not doubt but at this time, under an invasion, +as he owns it to be, the King may, by law, take any man's goods. At this +business late, and then home; where a great deal of serious talk with my +wife about the sad state we are in, and especially from the beating up of +drums this night for the trainbands upon pain of death to appear in arms +to-morrow morning with bullet and powder, and money to supply themselves +with victuals for a fortnight; which, considering the soldiers drawn out +to Chatham and elsewhere, looks as if they had a design to ruin the City +and give it up to be undone; which, I hear, makes the sober citizens to +think very sadly of things. So to bed after supper, ill in my mind. +This afternoon Mrs. Williams sent to me to speak with her, which I did, +only about news. I had not spoke with her many a day before by reason of +Carcasses business. + + + +12th. Up very betimes to our business at the office, there hiring of +more fire-ships; and at it close all the morning. At noon home, and Sir +W. Pen dined with us. By and by, after dinner, my wife out by coach to +see her mother; and I in another, being afraid, at this busy time, to be +seen with a woman in a coach, as if I were idle, towards The. Turner's; +but met Sir W. Coventry's boy; and there in his letter find that the +Dutch had made no motion since their taking Sheernesse; and the Duke of +Albemarle writes that all is safe as to the great ships against any +assault, the boom and chaine being so fortified; which put my heart into +great joy. + + [There had been correspondence with Pett respecting this chain in + April and May. On the 10th May Pett wrote to the Navy + Commissioners, "The chain is promised to be dispatched to-morrow, + and all things are ready for fixing it." On the 11th June the Dutch + "got twenty or twenty-two ships over the narrow part of the river at + Chatham, where ships had been sunk; after two and a half hours' + fighting one guard-ship after another was fired and blown up, and + the enemy master of the chain" ("Calendar of State Papers," 1667, + pp. 58, 87, 215).] + +When I come to Sir W: Coventry's chamber, I find him abroad; but his +clerk, Powell, do tell me that ill newes is come to Court of the Dutch +breaking the Chaine at Chatham; which struck me to the heart. And to +White Hall to hear the truth of it; and there, going up the back-stairs, +I did hear some lacquies speaking of sad newes come to Court, saying, +that hardly anybody in the Court but do look as if he cried, and would +not go into the house for fear of being seen, but slunk out and got into +a coach, and to The. Turner's to Sir W. Turner's, where I met Roger +Pepys, newly come out of the country. He and I talked aside a little, he +offering a match for Pall, one Barnes, of whom we shall talk more the +next time. His father married a Pepys; in discourse, he told me further +that his grandfather, my great grandfather, had L800 per annum, in Queen +Elizabeth's time, in the very town of Cottenham; and that we did +certainly come out of Scotland with the Abbot of Crowland. More talk I +had, and shall have more with him, but my mind is so sad and head full of +this ill news that I cannot now set it down. A short visit here, my wife +coming to me, and took leave of The., and so home, where all our hearts +do now ake; for the newes is true, that the Dutch have broke the chaine +and burned our ships, and particularly "The Royal Charles," + + [Vandervelde's drawings of the conflagration of the English fleet, + made by him on the spot, are in the British Museum.--B.] + +other particulars I know not, but most sad to be sure. And, the truth +is, I do fear so much that the whole kingdom is undone, that I do this +night resolve to study with my father and wife what to do with the little +that I have in money by me, for I give [up] all the rest that I have in +the King's hands, for Tangier, for lost. So God help us! and God knows +what disorders we may fall into, and whether any violence on this office, +or perhaps some severity on our persons, as being reckoned by the silly +people, or perhaps may, by policy of State, be thought fit to be +condemned by the King and Duke of York, and so put to trouble; though, +God knows! I have, in my own person, done my full duty, I am sure. So +having with much ado finished my business at the office, I home to +consider with my father and wife of things, and then to supper and to bed +with a heavy heart. The manner of my advising this night with my father +was, I took him and my wife up to her chamber, and shut the door; and +there told them the sad state of the times how we are like to be all +undone; that I do fear some violence will be offered to this office, +where all I have in the world is; and resolved upon sending it away-- +sometimes into the country--sometimes my father to lie in town, and have +the gold with him at Sarah Giles's, and with that resolution went to bed +full of fear and fright, hardly slept all night. + + + +13th. No sooner up but hear the sad newes confirmed of the Royall +Charles being taken by them, and now in fitting by them--which Pett +should have carried up higher by our several orders, and deserves, +therefore, to be hanged for not doing it--and turning several others; +and that another fleete is come up into the Hope. Upon which newes the +King and Duke of York have been below--[Below London Bridge.]--since four +o'clock in the morning, to command the sinking of ships at Barking- +Creeke, and other places, to stop their coming up higher: which put me +into such a fear, that I presently resolved of my father's and wife's +going into the country; and, at two hours' warning, they did go by the +coach this day, with about L1300 in gold in their night-bag. Pray God +give them good passage, and good care to hide it when they come home! +but my heart is full of fear: They gone, I continued in fright and fear +what to do with the rest. W. Hewer hath been at the banker's, and hath +got L500 out of Backewell's hands of his own money; but they are so +called upon that they will be all broke, hundreds coming to them for +money: and their answer is, "It is payable at twenty days--when the days +are out, we will pay you;" and those that are not so, they make tell over +their money, and make their bags false, on purpose to give cause to +retell it, and so spend time. I cannot have my 200 pieces of gold again +for silver, all being bought up last night that were to be had, and sold +for 24 and 25s. a-piece. So I must keep the silver by me, which +sometimes I think to fling into the house of office, and then again know +not how I shall come by it, if we be made to leave the office. Every +minute some one or other calls for this or that order; and so I forced to +be at the office, most of the day, about the fire-ships which are to be +suddenly fitted out: and it's a most strange thing that we hear nothing +from any of my brethren at Chatham; so that we are wholly in the dark, +various being the reports of what is done there; insomuch that I sent Mr. +Clapham express thither to see how matters go: I did, about noon, resolve +to send Mr. Gibson away after my wife with another 1000 pieces, under +colour of an express to Sir Jeremy Smith; who is, as I hear, with some +ships at Newcastle; which I did really send to him, and may, possibly, +prove of good use to the King; for it is possible, in the hurry of +business, they may not think of it at Court, and the charge of an express +is not considerable to the King. So though I intend Gibson no further +than to Huntingdon I direct him to send the packet forward. My business +the most of the afternoon is listening to every body that comes to the +office, what news? which is variously related, some better, some worse, +but nothing certain. The King and Duke of York up and down all the day +here and there: some time on Tower Hill, where the City militia was; +where the King did make a speech to them, that they should venture +themselves no further than he would himself. I also sent, my mind being +in pain, Saunders after my wife and father, to overtake them at their +night's lodgings, to see how matters go with them. In the evening, I +sent for my cousin Sarah [Gyles] and her husband, who come; and I did +deliver them my chest of writings about Brampton, and my brother Tom's +papers, and my journalls, which I value much; and did send my two silver +flaggons to Kate Joyce's: that so, being scattered what I have, something +might be saved. I have also made a girdle, by which, with some trouble, +I do carry about me L300 in gold about my body, that I may not be without +something in case I should be surprised: for I think, in any nation but +our's, people that appear (for we are not indeed so) so faulty as we, +would have their throats cut. In the evening comes Mr. Pelling, and +several others, to the office, and tell me that never were people so +dejected as they are in the City all over at this day; and do talk most +loudly, even treason; as, that we are bought and sold--that we are +betrayed by the Papists, and others, about the King; cry out that the +office of the Ordnance hath been so backward as no powder to have been at +Chatham nor Upnor Castle till such a time, and the carriages all broken; +that Legg is a Papist; that Upnor, the old good castle built by Queen +Elizabeth, should be lately slighted; that the ships at Chatham should +not be carried up higher. They look upon us as lost, and remove their +families and rich goods in the City; and do think verily that the French, +being come down with his army to Dunkirke, it is to invade us, and that +we shall be invaded. Mr. Clerke, the, solicitor, comes to me about +business, and tells me that he hears that the King hath chosen Mr. +Pierpont and Vaughan of the West, Privy-councillors; that my Lord +Chancellor was affronted in the Hall this day, by people telling him of +his Dunkirke house; and that there are regiments ordered to be got +together, whereof to be commanders my Lord Fairfax, Ingoldsby, Bethell, +Norton, and Birch, and other Presbyterians; and that Dr. Bates will have +liberty to preach. Now, whether this be true or not, I know not; but do +think that nothing but this will unite us together. Late at night comes +Mr. Hudson, the cooper, my neighbour, and tells me that he come from +Chatham this evening at five o'clock, and saw this afternoon "The Royal +James," "Oake," and "London," burnt by the enemy with their fire-ships: +that two or three men-of-war come up with them, and made no more of Upnor +Castle's shooting, than of a fly; that those ships lay below Upnor +Castle, but therein, I conceive, he is in an error; that the Dutch are +fitting out "The Royall Charles;" that we shot so far as from the Yard +thither, so that the shot did no good, for the bullets grazed on the +water; that Upnor played hard with their guns at first, but slowly +afterwards, either from the men being beat off, or their powder spent. +But we hear that the fleete in the Hope is not come up any higher the +last flood; and Sir W. Batten tells me that ships are provided to sink in +the River, about Woolwich, that will prevent their coming up higher if +they should attempt it. I made my will also this day, and did give all I +had equally between my father and wife, and left copies of it in each of +Mr. Hater and W. Hewer's hands, who both witnessed the will, and so to +supper and then to bed, and slept pretty well, but yet often waking. + + + +14th. Up, and to the office; where Mr. Fryer comes and tells me that +there are several Frenchmen and Flemish ships in the River, with passes +from the Duke of York for carrying of prisoners, that ought to be parted +from the rest of the ships, and their powder taken, lest they do fire +themselves when the enemy comes, and so spoil us; which is good advice, +and I think I will give notice of it; and did so. But it is pretty odd +to see how every body, even at this high time of danger, puts business +off of their own hands! He says that he told this to the Lieutenant of +the Tower, to whom I, for the same reason, was directing him to go; and +the Lieutenant of the Tower bade him come to us, for he had nothing to do +with it; and yesterday comes Captain Crew, of one of the fireships, and +told me that the officers of the Ordnance would deliver his gunner's +materials, but not compound them, + + [Meaning, apparently, that the Ordnance would deliver the charcoal, + sulphur, and saltpetre separately, but not mix them as gunpowder.] + + + [The want of ammunition when the Dutch burnt the fleet, and the + revenge of the deserter sailors, are well described by Marvell + + "Our Seamen, whom no danger's shape could fright, + Unpaid, refuse to mount their ships, for spite + Or to their fellows swim, on board the Dutch, + Who show the tempting metal in their clutch.] + +but that we must do it; whereupon I was forced to write to them about it; +and one that like a great many come to me this morning by and by comes-- +Mr. Wilson, and by direction of his, a man of Mr. Gawden's; who come from +Chatham last night, and saw the three ships burnt, they lying all dry, +and boats going from the men-of-war and fire them. But that, that he +tells me of worst consequence is, that he himself, I think he said, did +hear many Englishmen on board the Dutch ships speaking to one another in +English; and that they did cry and say, "We did heretofore fight for +tickets; now we fight for dollars!" and did ask how such and such a one +did, and would commend themselves to them: which is a sad consideration. +And Mr. Lewes, who was present at this fellow's discourse to me, did tell +me, that he is told that when they took "The Royall Charles," they said +that they had their tickets signed, and showed some, and that now they +come to have them paid, and would have them paid before they parted. And +several seamen come this morning to me, to tell me that, if I would get +their tickets paid, they would go and do all they could against the +Dutch; but otherwise they would not venture being killed, and lose all +they have already fought for: so that I was forced to try what I could do +to get them paid. This man tells me that the ships burnt last night did +lie above Upnor Castle, over against the Docke; and the boats come from +the ships of war and burnt them all which is very sad. And masters of +ships, that we are now taking up, do keep from their ships all their +stores, or as much as they can, so that we can despatch them, having not +time to appraise them nor secure their payment; only some little money we +have, which we are fain to pay the men we have with, every night, or they +will not work. And indeed the hearts as well as affections of the seamen +are turned away; and in the open streets in Wapping, and up and down, the +wives have cried publickly, "This comes of your not paying our husbands; +and now your work is undone, or done by hands that understand it not." +And Sir W. Batten told me that he was himself affronted with a woman, in +language of this kind, on Tower Hill publickly yesterday; and we are fain +to bear it, and to keep one at the office door to let no idle people in, +for fear of firing of the office and doing us mischief. The City is +troubled at their being put upon duty: summoned one hour, and discharged +two hours after; and then again summoned two hours after that; to their +great charge as well as trouble. And Pelling, the Potticary, tells me +the world says all over, that less charge than what the kingdom is put +to, of one kind or other, by this business, would have set out all our +great ships. It is said they did in open streets yesterday, at +Westminster, cry, "A Parliament! a Parliament!" and I do believe it will +cost blood to answer for these miscarriages. We do not hear that the +Dutch are come to Gravesend; which is a wonder. But a wonderful thing it +is that to this day we have not one word yet from Bruncker, or Peter +Pett, or J. Minnes, of any thing at Chatham. The people that come hither +to hear how things go, make me ashamed to be found unable to answer them: +for I am left alone here at the office; and the truth is, I am glad my +station is to be here, near my own home and out of danger, yet in a place +of doing the King good service. I have this morning good news from +Gibson; three letters from three several stages, that he was safe last +night as far as Royston, at between nine and ten at night. The dismay +that is upon us all, in the business of the kingdom and Navy at this day, +is not to be expressed otherwise than by the condition the citizens were +in when the City was on fire, nobody knowing which way to turn +themselves, while every thing concurred to greaten the fire; as here the +easterly gale and spring-tides for coming up both rivers, and enabling +them to break the chaine. D. Gawden did tell me yesterday, that the day +before at the Council they were ready to fall together by the ears at the +Council-table, arraigning one another of being guilty of the counsel that +brought us into this misery, by laying up all the great ships. Mr. Hater +tells me at noon that some rude people have been, as he hears, at my Lord +Chancellor's, where they have cut down the trees before his house and +broke his windows; and a gibbet either set up before or painted upon his +gate, and these three words writ: "Three sights to be seen; Dunkirke, +Tangier, and a barren Queene." + + ["Pride, Lust, Ambition, and the People's Hate, + The kingdom's broker, ruin of the State, + Dunkirk's sad loss, divider of the fleet, + Tangier's compounder for a barren sheet + This shrub of gentry, married to the crown, + His daughter to the heir, is tumbled down." + + Poems on State Affairs, vol. i., p. 253.--B.] + +It gives great matter of talk that it is said there is at this hour, in +the Exchequer, as much money as is ready to break down the floor. This +arises, I believe, from Sir G. Downing's late talk of the greatness of +the sum lying there of people's money, that they would not fetch away, +which he shewed me and a great many others. Most people that I speak +with are in doubt how we shall do to secure our seamen from running over +to the Dutch; which is a sad but very true consideration at this day. At +noon I am told that my Lord Duke of Albemarle is made Lord High +Constable; the meaning whereof at this time I know not, nor whether it, +be true or no. Dined, and Mr. Hater and W. Hewer with me; where they do +speak very sorrowfully of the posture of the times, and how people do cry +out in the streets of their being bought and sold; and both they, and +every body that come to me, do tell me that people make nothing of +talking treason in the streets openly: as, that we are bought and sold, +and governed by Papists, and that we are betrayed by people about the +King, and shall be delivered up to the French, and I know not what. At +dinner we discoursed of Tom of the Wood, a fellow that lives like a +hermit near Woolwich, who, as they say, and Mr. Bodham, they tell me, +affirms that he was by at the justice's when some did accuse him there +for it, did foretell the burning of the City, and now says that a greater +desolation is at hand. Thence we read and laughed at Lilly's prophecies +this month, in his Almanack this year! So to the office after dinner; +and thither comes Mr. Pierce, who tells me his condition, how he cannot +get his money, about L500, which, he says, is a very great part of what +he hath for his family and children, out of Viner's hand: and indeed it +is to be feared that this will wholly undo the bankers. He says he knows +nothing of the late affronts to my Lord Chancellor's house, as is said, +nor hears of the Duke of Albemarle's being made High Constable; but says +that they are in great distraction at White Hall, and that every where +people do speak high against Sir W. Coventry: but he agrees with me, that +he is the best Minister of State the King hath, and so from my heart I +believe. At night come home Sir W. Batten and W. Pen, who only can tell +me that they have placed guns at Woolwich and Deptford, and sunk some +ships below Woolwich and Blackewall, and are in hopes that they will stop +the enemy's coming up. But strange our confusion! that among them that +are sunk they have gone and sunk without consideration "The Franakin,"' +one of the King's ships, with stores to a very considerable value, that +hath been long loaden for supply of the ships; and the new ship at +Bristoll, and much wanted there; and nobody will own that they directed +it, but do lay it on Sir W. Rider. They speak also of another ship, +loaden to the value of L80,000, sunk with the goods in her, or at least +was mightily contended for by him, and a foreign ship, that had the faith +of the nation for her security: this Sir R. Ford tells us: And it is too +plain a truth, that both here and at Chatham the ships that we have sunk +have many, and the first of them, been ships completely fitted for fire- +ships at great charge. But most strange the backwardness and disorder of +all people, especially the King's people in pay, to do any work, Sir W. +Pen tells me, all crying out for money; and it was so at Chatham, that +this night comes an order from Sir W. Coventry to stop the pay of the +wages of that Yard; the Duke of Albemarle having related, that not above +three of 1100 in pay there did attend to do any work there. This evening +having sent a messenger to Chatham on purpose, we have received a dull +letter from my Lord Bruncker and Peter Pett, how matters have gone there +this week; but not so much, or so particularly, as we knew it by common +talk before, and as true. I doubt they will be found to have been but +slow men in this business; and they say the Duke of Albemarle did tell my +Lord Bruncker to his face that his discharging of the great ships there +was the cause of all this; and I am told that it is become common talk +against my Lord Bruncker. But in that he is to be justified, for he did +it by verbal order from Sir W. Coventry, and with good intent; and it was +to good purpose, whatever the success be, for the men would have but +spent the King so much the more in wages, and yet not attended on board +to have done the King any service; and as an evidence of that, just now, +being the 15th day in the morning that I am writing yesterday's passages, +one is with me, Jacob Bryan, Purser of "The Princesse," who confesses to +me that he hath about 180 men borne at this day in victuals and wages on +that ship lying at Chatham, being lately brought in thither; of which 180 +there was not above five appeared to do the King any service at this late +business. And this morning also, some of the Cambridge's men come up +from Portsmouth, by order from Sir Fretcheville Hollis, who boasted to us +the other day that he had sent for 50, and would be hanged if 100 did not +come up that would do as much as twice the number of other men: I say +some of them, instead of being at work at Deptford, where they were +intended, do come to the office this morning to demand the payment of +their tickets; for otherwise they would, they said, do no more work; and +are, as I understand from every body that has to do with them, the most +debauched, damning, swearing rogues that ever were in the Navy, just like +their prophane commander. So to Sir W. Batten's to sit and talk a +little, and then home to my flageolet, my heart being at pretty good ease +by a letter from my wife, brought by Saunders, that my father and wife +got well last night to their Inne and out again this morning, and +Gibson's being got safe to Caxton at twelve last night. So to supper, +and then to bed. No news to-day of any motion of the enemy either +upwards towards Chatham or this way. + + + +15th. All the morning at the office. No newes more than last night; +only Purser Tyler comes and tells me that he being at all the passages in +this business at Chatham, he says there have been horrible miscarriages, +such as we shall shortly hear of: that the want of boats hath undone us; +and it is commonly said, and Sir J. Minnes under his hand tells us, that +they were employed by the men of the Yard to carry away their goods; and +I hear that Commissioner Pett will be found the first man that began to +remove; he is much spoken against, and Bruncker is complained of and +reproached for discharging the men of the great ships heretofore. At +noon Mr. Hater dined with me; and tells me he believes that it will +hardly be the want of money alone that will excuse to the Parliament the +neglect of not setting out a fleete, it having never been done in our +greatest straits, but however unlikely it appeared, yet when it was gone +about, the State or King did compass it; and there is something in it. +In like manner all the afternoon busy, vexed to see how slowly things go +on for want of money. At night comes, unexpectedly so soon, Mr. Gibson, +who left my wife well, and all got down well with them, but not with +himself, which I was afeard of, and cannot blame him, but must myself be +wiser against another time. He had one of his bags broke, through his +breeches, and some pieces dropped out, not many, he thinks, but two, for +he 'light, and took them up, and went back and could find no more. But I +am not able to tell how many, which troubles me, but the joy of having +the greatest part safe there makes me bear with it, so as not to afflict +myself for it. This afternoon poor Betty Michell, whom I love, sent to +tell my wife her child was dying, which I am troubled for, poor girle! +At night home and to my flageolet. Played with pleasure, but with a +heavy heart, only it pleased me to think how it may please God I may live +to spend my time in the country with plainness and pleasure, though but +with little glory. So to supper and to bed. + + + +16th (Lord's day). Up, and called on by several on business of the +office. Then to the office to look out several of my old letters to Sir +W. Coventry in order to the preparing for justifying this office in our +frequent foretelling the want of money. By and by comes Roger Pepys and +his son Talbot, whom he had brought to town to settle at the Temple, but, +by reason of our present stirs, will carry him back again with him this +week. He seems to be but a silly lad. I sent them to church this +morning, I staying at home at the office, busy. At noon home to dinner, +and much good discourse with him, he being mighty sensible of our misery +and mal-administration. Talking of these straits we are in, he tells me +that my Lord Arlington did the last week take up L12,000 in gold, which +is very likely, for all was taken up that could be. Discoursing +afterwards with him of our family he told me, that when I come to his +house he will show me a decree in Chancery, wherein there was twenty-six +men all housekeepers in the town of Cottenham, in Queene Elizabeth's +time, of our name. He to church again in the afternoon, I staid at home +busy, and did show some dalliance to my maid Nell, speaking to her of her +sweetheart which she had, silly girle. After sermon Roger Pepys comes +again. I spent the evening with him much troubled with the thoughts of +the evils of our time, whereon we discoursed. By and by occasion offered +for my writing to Sir W. Coventry a plain bold letter touching lack of +money; which, when it was gone, I was afeard might give offence: but upon +two or three readings over again the copy of it, I was satisfied it was a +good letter; only Sir W. Batten signed it with me, which I could wish I +had done alone. Roger Pepys gone, I to the garden, and there dallied a +while all alone with Mrs. Markham, and then home to my chamber and to +read and write, and then to supper and to bed. + + + +17th. Up, and to my office, where busy all the morning, particularly +setting my people to work in transcribing pieces of letters publique and +private, which I do collect against a black day to defend the office with +and myself. At noon dined at home, Mr. Hater with me alone, who do seem +to be confident that this nation will be undone, and with good reason: +Wishes himself at Hambrough, as a great many more, he says, he believes +do, but nothing but the reconciling of the Presbyterian party will save +us, and I am of his mind. At the office all the afternoon, where every +moment business of one kind or other about the fire-ships and other +businesses, most of them vexatious for want of money, the commanders all +complaining that, if they miss to pay their men a night, they run away; +seamen demanding money of them by way of advance, and some of Sir +Fretcheville Hollis's men, that he so bragged of, demanding their tickets +to be paid, or they would not work: this Hollis, Sir W. Batten and W. Pen +say, proves a very . . ., as Sir W. B. terms him, and the other called +him a conceited, idle, prating, lying fellow. But it was pleasant this +morning to hear Hollis give me the account what, he says, he told the +King in Commissioner Pett's presence, whence it was that his ship was fit +sooner than others, telling the King how he dealt with the several +Commissioners and agents of the Ports where he comes, offering Lanyon to +carry him a Ton or two of goods to the streights, giving Middleton an +hour or two's hearing of his stories of Barbadoes, going to prayer with +Taylor, and standing bare and calling, "If it please your Honour," to +Pett, but Sir W. Pen says that he tells this story to every body, and +believes it to be a very lie. At night comes Captain Cocke to see me, +and he and I an hour in the garden together. He tells me there have been +great endeavours of bringing in the Presbyterian interest, but that it +will not do. He named to me several of the insipid lords that are to +command the armies that are to be raised. He says the King and Court are +all troubled, and the gates of the Court were shut up upon the first +coming of the Dutch to us, but they do mind the business no more than +ever: that the bankers, he fears, are broke as to ready-money, though +Viner had L100,000 by him when our trouble begun: that he and the Duke of +Albemarle have received into their own hands, of Viner, the former +L10,000, and the latter L12,000, in tallies or assignments, to secure +what was in his hands of theirs; and many other great men of our. +masters have done the like; which is no good sign, when they begin to +fear the main. He and every body cries out of the office of the +Ordnance, for their neglects, both at Gravesend and Upnor, and everywhere +else. He gone, I to my business again, and then home to supper and to +bed. I have lately played the fool much with our Nell, in playing with +her breasts. This night, late, comes a porter with a letter from +Monsieur Pratt, to borrow L100 for my Lord Hinchingbroke, to enable him +to go out with his troop in the country, as he is commanded; but I did +find an excuse to decline it. Among other reasons to myself, this is +one, to teach him the necessity of being a good husband, and keeping +money or credit by him. + + + +18th. Up, and did this morning dally with Nell . . . which I was +afterward troubled for. To the office, and there all the morning. Peg +Pen come to see me, and I was glad of it, and did resolve to have tried +her this afternoon, but that there was company with elle at my home, +whither I got her. Dined at home, W. Hewer with me, and then to the +office, and to my Lady Pen's, and did find occasion for Peg to go home +with me to my chamber, but there being an idle gentleman with them, he +went with us, and I lost my hope. So to the office, and by and by word +was brought me that Commissioner Pett is brought to the Tower, and there +laid up close prisoner; which puts me into a fright, lest they may do the +same with us as they do with him. This puts me upon hastening what I am +doing with my people, and collecting out of my papers our defence. +Myself got Fist, Sir W. Batten's clerk, and busy with him writing letters +late, and then home to supper and to read myself asleep, after piping, +and so to bed. Great newes to-night of the blowing up of one of the +Dutch greatest ships, while a Council of War was on board: the latter +part, I doubt, is not so, it not being confirmed since; but the former, +that they had a ship blown up, is said to be true. This evening comes +Sir G. Carteret to the office, to talk of business at Sir W. Batten's; +where all to be undone for want of money, there being none to pay the +Chest at their publique pay the 24th of this month, which will make us a +scorn to the world. After he had done there, he and I into the garden, +and walked; and the greatest of our discourse is, his sense of the +requisiteness of his parting with his being Treasurer of the Navy, if he +can, on any good terms. He do harp upon getting my Lord Bruncker to take +it on half profit, but that he is not able to secure him in paying him so +much. But the thing I do advise him to do by all means, and he resolves +on it, being but the same counsel which I intend to take myself. My Lady +Jem goes down to Hinchingbroke to lie down, because of the troubles of +the times here. He tells me he is not sure that the King of France will +not annoy us this year, but that the Court seems [to] reckon upon it as a +thing certain, for that is all that I and most people are afeard of this +year. He tells me now the great question is, whether a Parliament or no +Parliament; and says the Parliament itself cannot be thought able at +present to raise money, and therefore it will be to no purpose to call +one. I hear this day poor Michell's child is dead. + + + +19th. Up, and to the office, where all the morning busy with Fist again, +beginning early to overtake my business in my letters, which for a post +or two have by the late and present troubles been interrupted. At noon +comes Sir W. Batten and [Sir] W. Pen, and we to [Sir] W. Pen's house, and +there discoursed of business an hour, and by and by comes an order from +Sir R. Browne, commanding me this afternoon to attend the Council-board, +with all my books and papers touching the Medway. I was ready [to fear] +some mischief to myself, though it appears most reasonable that it is to +inform them about Commissioner Pett. I eat a little bit in haste at Sir +W. Batten's, without much comfort, being fearful, though I shew it not, +and to my office and get up some papers, and found out the most material +letters and orders in our books, and so took coach and to the Council- +chamber lobby, where I met Mr. Evelyn, who do miserably decry our follies +that bring all this misery upon us. While we were discoursing over our +publique misfortunes, I am called in to a large Committee of the Council: +present the Duke of Albemarle, Anglesey, Arlington, Ashly, Carteret, +Duncomb, Coventry, Ingram, Clifford, Lauderdale, Morrice, Manchester, +Craven, Carlisle, Bridgewater. And after Sir W. Coventry's telling them +what orders His Royal Highness had made for the safety of the Medway, I +told them to their full content what we had done, and showed them our +letters. Then was Peter Pett called in, with the Lieutenant of the +Tower. He is in his old clothes, and looked most sillily. His charge +was chiefly the not carrying up of the great ships, and the using of the +boats in carrying away his goods; to which he answered very sillily, +though his faults to me seem only great omissions. Lord Arlington and +Coventry very severe against him; the former saying that, if he was not +guilty, the world would think them all guilty. + + [Pett was made a scapegoat. This is confirmed by Marvel: + + "After this loss, to relish discontent, + Some one must be accused by Parliament; + All our miscarriages on Pett must fall, + His name alone seems fit to answer all. + Whose counsel first did this mad war beget? + Who all commands sold through the Navy? Pett. + Who would not follow when the Dutch were beat? + Who treated out the time at Bergen? Pett. + Who the Dutch fleet with storms disabled met, + And, rifling prizes, them neglected? Pett. + Who with false news prevented the Gazette, + The fleet divided, writ for Ruhert? Pett. + Who all our seamen cheated of their debt? + And all our prizes who did swallow? Pett. + Who did advise no navy out to set? + And who the forts left unprepared? Pett. + Who to supply with powder did forget + Languard, Sheerness, Gravesend, and Upnor? Pett. + Who all our ships exposed in Chatham net? + Who should it be but the fanatick Pett? + Pett, the sea-architect, in making ships, + Was the first cause of all these naval slips. + Had he not built, none of these faults had been; + If no creation, there had been no sin + But his great crime, one boat away he sent, + That lost our fleet, and did our flight prevent." + + Instructions to a Painter.--B] + +The latter urged, that there must be some faults, and that the Admiral +must be found to have done his part. I did say an unhappy word, which I +was sorry for, when he complained of want of oares for the boats: and +there was, it seems, enough, and good enough, to carry away all the boats +with from the King's occasions. He said he used never a boat till they +were all gone but one; and that was to carry away things of great value, +and these were his models of ships; which, when the Council, some of +them, had said they wished that the Dutch had had them instead of the +King's ships, he answered, he did believe the Dutch would have made more +advantage of the models than of the ships, and that the King had had +greater loss thereby; this they all laughed at. After having heard him +for an hour or more, they bid him withdraw. I all this while showing him +no respect, but rather against him, for which God forgive me! for I mean +no hurt to him, but only find that these Lords are upon their own +purgation, and it is necessary I should be so in behalf of the office. +He being gone, they caused Sir Richard Browne to read over his minutes; +and then my Lord Arlington moved that they might be put into my hands to +put into form, I being more acquainted with such business; and they were +so. So I away back with my books and papers; and when I got into the +Court it was pretty to see how people gazed upon me, that I thought +myself obliged to salute people and to smile, lest they should think I +was a prisoner too; but afterwards I found that most did take me to be +there to bear evidence against P. Pett; but my fear was such, at my going +in, of the success of the day, that at my going in I did think fit to +give T. Hater, whom I took with me, to wait the event, my closet-key and +directions where to find L500 and more in silver and gold, and my tallys, +to remove, in case of any misfortune to me. Thence to Sir G. Carteret's +to take my leave of my Lady Jem, who is going into the country tomorrow; +but she being now at prayers with my Lady and family, and hearing here by +Yorke, the carrier, that my wife is coming to towne, I did make haste +home to see her, that she might not find me abroad, it being the first +minute I have been abroad since yesterday was se'ennight. It is pretty +to see how strange it is to be abroad to see people, as it used to be +after a month or two's absence, and I have brought myself so to it, that +I have no great mind to be abroad, which I could not have believed of +myself. I got home, and after being there a little, she come, and two of +her fellow-travellers with her, with whom we drunk: a couple of merchant- +like men, I think, but have friends in our country. They being gone, I +and my wife to talk, who did give me so bad an account of her and my +father's method in burying of our gold, that made me mad: and she herself +is not pleased with it, she believing that my sister knows of it. My +father and she did it on Sunday, when they were gone to church, in open +daylight, in the midst of the garden; where, for aught they knew, many +eyes might see them: which put me into such trouble, that I was almost +mad about it, and presently cast about, how to have it back again to +secure it here, the times being a little better now; at least at White +Hall they seem as if they were, but one way or other I am resolved to +free them from the place if I can get them. Such was my trouble at this, +that I fell out with my wife, that though new come to towne, I did not +sup with her, nor speak to her tonight, but to bed and sleep. + + + +20th. Up, without any respect to my wife, only answering her a question +or two, without any anger though, and so to the office, where all the +morning busy, and among other things Mr. Barber come to me (one of the +clerks of the Ticket office) to get me to sign some tickets, and told me +that all the discourse yesterday, about that part of the town where he +was, was that Mr. Pett and I were in the Tower; and I did hear the same +before. At noon, home to dinner, and there my wife and I very good +friends; the care of my gold being somewhat over, considering it was in +their hands that have as much cause to secure it as myself almost, and so +if they will be mad, let them. But yet I do intend to, send for it away. +Here dined Mercer with us, and after dinner she cut my hair, and then I +into my closet and there slept a little, as I do now almost every day +after dinner; and then, after dallying a little with Nell, which I am +ashamed to think of, away to the office. Busy all the afternoon; in the +evening did treat with, and in the end agree; but by some kind of +compulsion, with the owners of six merchant ships, to serve the King as +men-of-war. But, Lord! to see how against the hair it is with these men +and every body to trust us and the King; and how unreasonable it is to +expect they should be willing to lend their ships, and lay out 2 or L300 +a man to fit their ships for new voyages, when we have not paid them half +of what we owe them for their old services! I did write so to Sir W. +Coventry this night. At night my wife and I to walk and talk again about +our gold, which I am not quiet in my mind to be safe, and therefore will +think of some way to remove it, it troubling me very much. So home with +my wife to supper and to bed, miserable hot weather all night it was. + + + +21st. Up and by water to White Hall, there to discourse with [Sir] G. +Carteret and Mr. Fenn about office business. I found them all aground, +and no money to do anything with. Thence homewards, calling at my +Tailor's to bespeak some coloured clothes, and thence to Hercules +Pillars, all alone, and there spent 6d. on myself, and so home and busy +all the morning. At noon to dinner, home, where my wife shows me a +letter from her father, who is going over sea, and this afternoon would +take his leave of her. I sent him by her three Jacobuses in gold, having +real pity for him and her. So I to my office, and there all the +afternoon. This day comes news from Harwich that the Dutch fleete are +all in sight, near 100 sail great and small, they think, coming towards +them; where, they think, they shall be able to oppose them; but do cry +out of the falling back of the seamen, few standing by them, and those +with much faintness. The like they write from Portsmouth, and their +letters this post are worth reading. Sir H. Cholmly come to me this day, +and tells me the Court is as mad as ever; and that the night the Dutch +burned our ships the King did sup with my Lady Castlemayne, at the +Duchess of Monmouth's, and there were all mad in hunting of a poor moth. +All the Court afraid of a Parliament; but he thinks nothing can save us +but the King's giving up all to a Parliament. Busy at the office all the +afternoon, and did much business to my great content. In the evening +sent for home, and there I find my Lady Pen and Mrs. Lowther, and Mrs. +Turner and my wife eating some victuals, and there I sat and laughed with +them a little, and so to the office again, and in the evening walked with +my wife in the garden, and did give Sir W. Pen at his lodgings (being +just come from Deptford from attending the dispatch of the fire-ships +there) an account of what passed the other day at Council touching +Commissioner Pett, and so home to supper and to bed. + + + +22nd. Up, and to my office, where busy, and there comes Mrs. Daniel. . +. . At the office I all the morning busy. At noon home to dinner, +where Mr. Lewes Phillips, by invitation of my wife, comes, he coming up +to town with her in the coach this week, and she expected another +gentleman, a fellow-traveller, and I perceive the feast was for him, +though she do not say it, but by some mistake he come not, so there was a +good dinner lost. Here we had the two Mercers, and pretty merry. Much +talk with Mr. Phillips about country business, among others that there is +no way for me to purchase any severall lands in Brampton, or making any +severall that is not so, without much trouble and cost, and, it may be, +not do it neither, so that there is no more ground to be laid to our +Brampton house. After dinner I left them, and to the office, and thence +to Sir W. Pen's, there to talk with Mrs. Lowther, and by and by we +hearing Mercer and my boy singing at my house, making exceeding good +musique, to the joy of my heart, that I should be the master of it, I +took her to my office and there merry a while, and then I left them, and +at the office busy all the afternoon, and sleepy after a great dinner. +In the evening come Captain Hart and Haywood to me about the six +merchant-ships now taken up for men-of-war; and in talk they told me +about the taking of "The Royal Charles;" that nothing but carelessness +lost the ship, for they might have saved her the very tide that the Dutch +come up, if they would have but used means and had had but boats: and +that the want of boats plainly lost all the other ships. That the Dutch +did take her with a boat of nine men, who found not a man on board her, +and her laying so near them was a main temptation to them to come on; and +presently a man went up and struck her flag and jacke, and a trumpeter +sounded upon her "Joan's placket is torn," that they did carry her down +at a time, both for tides and wind, when the best pilot in Chatham would +not have undertaken it, they heeling her on one side to make her draw +little water: and so carried her away safe. They being gone, by and by +comes Sir W. Pen home, and he and I together talking. He hath been at +Court; and in the first place, I hear the Duke of Cambridge is dead; a +which is a great loss to the nation, having, I think, never an heyre male +now of the King's or Duke's to succeed to the Crown. He tells me that +they do begin already to damn the Dutch, and call them cowards at White +Hall, and think of them and their business no better than they used to +do; which is very sad. The King did tell him himself, which is so, I was +told, here in the City, that the City, hath lent him L10,000, to be laid +out towards securing of the River of Thames; which, methinks, is a very +poor thing, that we should be induced to borrow by such mean sums. He +tells me that it is most manifest that one great thing making it +impossible for us to have set out a fleete this year, if we could have +done it for money or stores, was the liberty given the beginning of the +year for the setting out of merchant-men, which did take up, as is said, +above ten, if not fifteen thousand seamen: and this the other day Captain +Cocke tells me appears in the council-books, that is the number of seamen +required to man the merchant ships that had passes to go abroad. By and +by, my wife being here, they sat down and eat a bit of their nasty +victuals, and so parted and we to bed. + + + +23rd (Lord's day). Up to my chamber, and there all the morning reading +in my Lord Coke's Pleas of the Crowne, very fine noble reading. After +church time comes my wife and Sir W. Pen his lady and daughter; and Mrs. +Markham and Captain Harrison (who come to dine with them), by invitation +end dined with me, they as good as inviting themselves. I confess I hate +their company and tricks, and so had no great pleasure in [it], but a +good dinner lost. After dinner they all to church, and I by water alone +to Woolwich, and there called on Mr. Bodham: and he and I to see the +batterys newly raised; which, indeed, are good works to command the River +below the ships that are sunk, but not above them. Here I met with +Captain Cocke and Matt. Wren, Fenn, and Charles Porter, and Temple and +his wife. Here I fell in with these, and to Bodham's with them, and +there we sat and laughed and drank in his arbour, Wren making much and +kissing all the day of Temple's wife. It is a sad sight to see so many +good ships there sunk in the River, while we would be thought to be +masters of the sea. Cocke says the bankers cannot, till peace returns, +ever hope to have credit again; so that they can pay no more money, but +people must be contented to take publick security such as they can give +them; and if so, and they do live to receive the money thereupon, the +bankers will be happy men. Fenn read me an order of council passed the +17th instant, directing all the Treasurers of any part of the King's +revenue to make no payments but such as shall be approved by the present +Lords Commissioners; which will, I think, spoil the credit of all his +Majesty's service, when people cannot depend upon payment any where. But +the King's declaration in behalf of the bankers, to make good their +assignments for money, is very good, and will, I hope, secure me. Cocke +says, that he hears it is come to it now, that the King will try what he +can soon do for a peace; and if he cannot, that then he will cast all +upon the Parliament to do as they see fit: and in doing so, perhaps, he +may save us all. The King of France, it is believed, is engaged for this +year; + + [Louis XIV. was at this time in Flanders, with his queen, his + mistresses, and all his Court. Turenne commanded under him. Whilst + Charles was hunting moths at Lady Castlemaine's, and the English + fleet was burning, Louis was carrying on the campaign with vigour. + Armentieres was taken on the 28th May; Charleroi on the 2nd June, + St. Winox on the 6th, Fumes on the 12th, Ath on the 16th, Toumay on + the 24th; the Escarpe on the 6th July, Courtray on the 18th, + Audenarde on the 31st; and Lisle on the 27th August.--B.] + +so that we shall be safe as to him. The great misery the City and +kingdom is like to suffer for want of coals in a little time is very +visible, and, is feared, will breed a mutiny; for we are not in any +prospect to command the sea for our colliers to come, but rather, it is +feared, the Dutch may go and burn all our colliers at Newcastle; though +others do say that they lie safe enough there. No news at all of late +from Bredagh what our Treaters do. By and by, all by water in three +boats to Greenwich, there to Cocke's, where we supped well, and then +late, Wren, Fenn, and I home by water, set me in at the Tower, and they +to White Hall, and so I home, and after a little talk with my wife to +bed. + + + +24th. Up, and to the office, where much business upon me by the coming +of people of all sorts about the dispatch of one business or other of the +fire-ships, or other ships to be set out now. This morning Greeting +come, and I with him at my flageolet. At noon dined at home with my wife +alone, and then in the afternoon all the day at my office. Troubled a +little at a letter from my father, which tells me of an idle companion, +one Coleman, who went down with him and my wife in the coach, and come up +again with my wife, a pensioner of the King's Guard, and one that my +wife, indeed, made the feast for on Saturday last, though he did not +come; but if he knows nothing of our money I will prevent any other +inconvenience. In the evening comes Mr. Povy about business; and he and +I to walk in the garden an hour or two, and to talk of State matters. He +tells me his opinion that it is out of possibility for us to escape being +undone, there being nothing in our power to do that is necessary for the +saving us: a lazy Prince, no Council, no money, no reputation at home or +abroad. He says that to this day the King do follow the women as much as +ever he did; that the Duke of York hath not got Mrs. Middleton, as I was +told the other day: but says that he wants not her, for he hath others, +and hath always had, and that he [Povy] hath known them brought through +the Matted Gallery at White Hall into his [the Duke's] closet; nay, he +hath come out of his wife's bed, and gone to others laid in bed for him: +that Mr. Bruncker is not the only pimp, but that the whole family is of +the same strain, and will do anything to please him: that, besides the +death of the two Princes lately, the family is in horrible disorder by +being in debt by spending above L60,000 per. annum, when he hath not +L40,000: that the Duchesse is not only the proudest woman in the world, +but the most expensefull; and that the Duke of York's marriage with her +hath undone the kingdom, by making the Chancellor so great above reach, +who otherwise would have been but an ordinary man, to have been dealt +with by other people; and he would have been careful of managing things +well, for fear of being called to account; whereas, now he is secure, and +hath let things run to rack, as they now appear. That at a certain time +Mr. Povy did carry him an account of the state of the Duke of York's +estate, showing in faithfullness how he spent more than his estate would +bear, by above L20,000 per annum, and asked my Lord's opinion of it; to +which he answered that no man that loved the King or kingdom durst own +the writing of that paper; at which Povy was startled, and reckoned +himself undone for this good service, and found it necessary then to show +it to the Duke of York's Commissioners; who read, examined, and approved +of it, so as to cause it to be put into form, and signed it, and gave it +the Duke. Now the end of the Chancellor was, for fear that his +daughter's ill housewifery should be condemned. He [Povy] tells me that +the other day, upon this ill newes of the Dutch being upon us, White Hall +was shut up, and the Council called and sat close; and, by the way, he do +assure me, from the mouth of some Privy-councillors, that at this day the +Privy-council in general do know no more what the state of the kingdom as +to peace and war is, than he or I; nor knows who manages it, nor upon +whom it depends; and there my Lord Chancellor did make a speech to them, +saying that they knew well that he was no friend to the war from the +beginning, and therefore had concerned himself little in, nor could say +much to it; and a great deal of that kind, to discharge himself of the +fault of the war. Upon which my Lord Anglesey rose up and told his +Majesty that he thought their coming now together was not to enquire who +was, or was not, the cause of the war, but to enquire what was, or could +be, done in the business of making a peace, and in whose hands that was, +and where it was stopped or forwarded; and went on very highly to have +all made open to them: and, by the way, I remember that Captain Cocke did +the other day tell me that this Lord Anglesey hath said, within few days, +that he would willingly give L10,000 of his estate that he was well +secured of the rest, such apprehensions he hath of the sequel of things, +as giving all over for lost. He tells me, speaking of the horrid +effeminacy of the King, that the King hath taken ten times more care and +pains in making friends between my Lady Castlemayne and Mrs. Stewart, +when they have fallen out, than ever he did to save his kingdom; nay,, +that upon any falling out between my Lady Castlemayne's nurse and her +woman, my Lady hath often said she would make the King to make them +friends, and they would be friends and be quiet; which the King hath been +fain to do: that the King is, at this day, every night in Hyde Park with +the Duchesse of Monmouth, or with my Lady Castlemaine: that he [Povy] is +concerned of late by my Lord Arlington in the looking after some +buildings that he is about in Norfolke, where my Lord is laying out a +great deal of money; and that he, Mr. Povy, considering the unsafeness of +laying out money at such a time as this, and, besides, the enviousness of +the particular county, as well as all the kingdom, to find him building +and employing workmen, while all the ordinary people of the country are +carried down to the seasides for securing the land, he thought it +becoming him to go to my Lord Arlington (Sir Thomas Clifford by), and +give it as his advice to hold his hands a little; but my Lord would not, +but would have him go on, and so Sir Thomas Clifford advised also, which +one would think, if he were a statesman worth a fart should be a sign of +his foreseeing that all shall do well. But I do forbear concluding any +such thing from them. He tells me that there is not so great confidence +between any two men of power in the nation at this day, that he knows of, +as between my Lord Arlington and Sir Thomas Clifford; and that it arises +by accident only, there being no relation nor acquaintance between them, +but only Sir Thomas Clifford's coming to him, and applying himself to him +for favours, when he come first up to town to be a Parliament-man. He +tells me that he do not think there is anything in the world for us +possibly to be saved by but the King of France's generousnesse to stand +by us against the Dutch, and getting us a tolerable peace, it may be, +upon our giving him Tangier and the islands he hath taken, and other +things he shall please to ask. He confirms me in the several grounds I +have conceived of fearing that we shall shortly fall into mutinys and +outrages among ourselves, and that therefore he, as a Treasurer, and +therefore much more myself, I say, as being not only a Treasurer but an +officer of the Navy, on whom, for all the world knows, the faults of all +our evils are to be laid, do fear to be seized on by some rude hands as +having money to answer for, which will make me the more desirous to get +off of this Treasurership as soon as I can, as I had before in my mind +resolved. Having done all this discourse, and concluded the kingdom in a +desperate condition, we parted; and I to my wife, with whom was Mercer +and Betty Michell, poor woman, come with her husband to see us after the +death of her little girle. We sat in the garden together a while, it +being night, and then Mercer and I a song or two, and then in (the +Michell's home), my wife, Mercer, and I to supper, and then parted and to +bed. + + + +25th. Up, and with Sir W. Pen in his new chariot (which indeed is plain, +but pretty and more fashionable in shape than any coach he hath, and yet +do not cost him, harness and all, above L32) to White Hall; where staid a +very little: and thence to St. James's to [Sir] W. Coventry, whom I have +not seen since before the coming of the Dutch into the river, nor did +indeed know how well to go see him, for shame either to him or me, or +both of us, to find ourselves in so much misery. I find that he and his +fellow-Treasurers are in the utmost want of money, and do find fault with +Sir G. Carteret, that, having kept the mystery of borrowing money to +himself so long, to the ruin of the nation, as [Sir] W. Coventry said in +words to [Sir] W. Pen and me, he should now lay it aside and come to them +for money for every penny he hath, declaring that he can raise no more: +which, I confess, do appear to me the most like ill-will of any thing +that I have observed of [Sir] W. Coventry, when he himself did tell us, +on another occasion at the same time, that the bankers who used to +furnish them money are not able to lend a farthing, and he knows well +enough that that was all the mystery [Sir] G. Carteret did use, that is, +only his credit with them. He told us the masters and owners of the two +ships that I had complained of, for not readily setting forth their +ships, which we had taken up to make men-of-war, had been yesterday with +the King and Council, and had made their case so well understood, that +the King did owe them for what they had earned the last year, that they +could not set them out again without some money or stores out of the +King's Yards; the latter of which [Sir] W. Coventry said must be done, +for that they were not able to raise money for them, though it was but +L200 a ship: which do skew us our condition to be so bad, that I am in a +total despair of ever having the nation do well. After talking awhile, +and all out of heart with stories of want of seamen, and seamen's running +away, and their demanding a month's advance, and our being forced to give +seamen 3s. a-day to go hence to work at Chatham, and other things that +show nothing but destruction upon us; for it is certain that, as it now +is, the seamen of England, in my conscience, would, if they could, go +over and serve the King of France or Holland rather than us. Up to the +Duke of York to his chamber, where he seems to be pretty easy, and now +and then merry; but yet one may perceive in all their minds there is +something of trouble and care, and with good reason. Thence to White +Hall, and with Sir W. Pen, by chariot; and there in the Court met with my +Lord Anglesey: and he to talk with [Sir] W. Pen, and told him of the +masters of ships being with the Council yesterday, and that we were not +in condition, though the men were willing, to furnish them with L200 of +money, already due to them as earned by them the last year, to enable +them to set out their ships again this year for the King: which he is +amazed at; and when I told him, "My Lord, this is a sad instance of the +condition we are in," he answered, that it was so indeed, and sighed: and +so parted: and he up to the Council-chamber, where I perceive they sit +every morning, and I to Westminster Hall, where it is Term time. I met +with none I knew, nor did desire it, but only past through the-Hall and +so back again, and by coach home to dinner, being weary indeed of seeing +the world, and thinking it high time for me to provide against the foul +weather that is certainly coming upon us. So to the office, and there +[Sir] W. Pen and I did some business, and then home to dinner, where my +wife pleases me mightily with what she can do upon the flageolet, and +then I to the office again, and busy all the afternoon, and it is worth +noting that the King and Council, in their order of the 23rd instant, for +unloading three merchant-ships taken up for the King's service for men- +of-war, do call the late coming of the Dutch "an invasion." I was told, +yesterday, that Mr. Oldenburg, our Secretary at Gresham College, is put +into the Tower, for writing newes to a virtuoso in France, with whom he +constantly corresponds in philosophical matters; which makes it very +unsafe at this time to write, or almost do any thing. Several captains +come to the office yesterday and to-day, complaining that their men come +and go when they will, and will not be commanded, though they are paid +every night, or may be. Nay, this afternoon comes Harry Russell from +Gravesend, telling us that the money carried down yesterday for the Chest +at Chatham had like to have been seized upon yesterday, in the barge +there, by seamen, who did beat our watermen: and what men should these be +but the boat's crew of Sir Fretcheville Hollis, who used to brag so much +of the goodness and order of his men, and his command over them. Busy +all the afternoon at the office. Towards night I with Mr. Kinaston to +White Hall about a Tangier order, but lost our labour, only met Sir H. +Cholmly there, and he tells me great newes; that this day in Council the +King hath declared that he will call his Parliament in thirty days: which +is the best newes I have heard a great while, and will, if any thing, +save the kingdom. How the King come to be advised to this, I know not; +but he tells me that it was against the Duke of York's mind flatly, who +did rather advise the King to raise money as he pleased; and against the +Chancellor's, who told the King that Queen Elizabeth did do all her +business in eighty-eight without calling a Parliament, and so might he +do, for anything he saw. But, blessed be God! it is done; and pray God +it may hold, though some of us must surely go to the pot, for all must be +flung up to them, or nothing will be done. So back home, and my wife +down by water, I sent her, with Mrs. Hewer and her son, W. Hewer, to see +the sunk ships, while I staid at the office, and in the evening was +visited by Mr. Roberts the merchant by us about the getting him a ship +cleared from serving the King as a man of war, which I will endeavour to +do. So home to supper and to bed. + + + +26th. Up, and in dressing myself in my dressing chamber comes up Nell, +and I did play with her . . . . So being ready I to White Hall by +water, and there to the Lords Treasurers' chamber, and there wait, and +here it is every body's discourse that the Parliament is ordered to meet +the 25th of July, being, as they say, St. James's day; which every +creature is glad of. But it is pretty to consider how, walking to the +Old Swan from my house, I met Sir Thomas Harvy, whom, asking the newes of +the Parliament's meeting, he told me it was true, and they would +certainly make a great rout among us. I answered, I did not care for my +part, though I was ruined, so that the Commonwealth might escape ruin by +it. He answered, that is a good one, in faith; for you know yourself to +be secure, in being necessary to the office; but for my part, says he, +I must look to be removed; but then, says he, I doubt not but I shall +have amends made me; for all the world knows upon what terms I come in; +which is a saying that a wise man would not unnecessarily have said, I +think, to any body, meaning his buying his place of my Lord Barkely [of +Stratton]. So we parted, and I to White Hall, as I said before, and +there met with Sir Stephen Fox and Mr. Scawen, who both confirm the news +of the Parliament's meeting. Here I staid for an order for my Tangier +money, L30,000, upon the 11 months' tax, and so away to my Lord +Arlington's office, and there spoke to him about Mr. Lanyon's business, +and received a good answer, and thence to Westminster Hall and there +walked a little, and there met with Colonell Reames, who tells me of a +letter come last night, or the day before, from my Lord St. Albans, out +of France, wherein he says, that the King of France did lately fall out +with him, giving him ill names, saying that he had belied him to our +King, by saying that he had promised to assist our King, and to forward +the peace; saying that indeed he had offered to forward the peace at such +a time, but it was not accepted of, and so he thinks himself not obliged, +and would do what was fit for him; and so made him to go out of his sight +in great displeasure: and he hath given this account to the King, which, +Colonell Reymes tells me, puts them into new melancholy at Court, and he +believes hath forwarded the resolution of calling the Parliament. +Wherewith for all this I am very well contented, and so parted and to the +Exchequer, but Mr. Burgess was not in his office; so alone to the Swan, +and thither come Mr. Kinaston to me, and he and I into a room and there +drank and discoursed, and I am mightily pleased with him for a most +diligent and methodical man in all his business. By and by to Burgess, +and did as much as we could with him about our Tangier order, though we +met with unexpected delays in it, but such as are not to be avoided by +reason of the form of the Act and the disorders which the King's +necessities do put upon it, and therefore away by coach, and at White +Hall spied Mr. Povy, who tells me, as a great secret, which none knows +but himself, that Sir G. Carteret hath parted with his place of Treasurer +of the Navy, by consent, to my Lord Anglesey, and is to be Treasurer of +Ireland in his stead; but upon what terms it is I know not, but Mr. Povy +tells it is so, and that it is in his power to bring me to as great a +friendship and confidence in my Lord Anglesey as ever I was with [Sir] W. +Coventry, which I am glad of, and so parted, and I to my tailor's about +turning my old silk suit and cloak into a suit and vest, and thence with +Mr. Kinaston (whom I had set down in the Strand and took up again at the +Temple gate) home, and there to dinner, mightily pleased with my wife's +playing on the flageolet, and so after dinner to the office. Such is the +want already of coals, and the despair of having any supply, by reason of +the enemy's being abroad, and no fleete of ours to secure, that they are +come, as Mr. Kinaston tells me, at this day to L5 10s. per chaldron. All +the afternoon busy at the office. In the evening with my wife and Mercer +took coach and to Islington to the Old House, and there eat and drank and +sang with great pleasure, and then round by Hackney home with great +pleasure, and when come home to bed, my stomach not being well pleased +with the cream we had to-night. + + + +27th. Wakened this morning, about three o'clock, by Mr. Griffin with a +letter from Sir W. Coventry to W. Pen, which W. Pen sent me to see, that +the Dutch are come up to the Nore again, and he knows not whether further +or no, and would have, therefore, several things done: ships sunk, and I +know not what--which Sir W. Pen (who it seems is very ill this night, or +would be thought so) hath directed Griffin to carry to the Trinity House; +so he went away with the letter, and I tried and with much ado did get a +little sleep more, and so up about six o'clock, full of thought what to +do with the little money I have left and my plate, wishing with all my +heart that that was all secured. So to the office, where much business +all the morning, and the more by my brethren being all out of the way; +Sir W. Pen this night taken so ill cannot stir; [Sir] W. Batten ill at +Walthamstow; Sir J. Minnes the like at Chatham, and my Lord Bruncker +there also upon business. Horrible trouble with the backwardness of the +merchants to let us have their ships, and seamen's running away, and not +to be got or kept without money. It is worth turning to our letters this +day to Sir W. Coventry about these matters. At noon to dinner, having a +haunch of venison boiled; and all my clerks at dinner with me; and +mightily taken with Mr. Gibson's discourse of the faults of this war in +its management compared [with] that in the last war, which I will get him +to put into writing. Thence, after dinner, to the office again, and +there I saw the proclamations come out this day for the Parliament to +meet the 25th of next month; for which God be praised! and another to +invite seamen to bring in their complaints, of their being ill-used in +the getting their tickets and money, there being a Committee of the +Council appointed to receive their complaints. This noon W. Hewer and T. +Hater both tell me that it is all over the town, and Mr. Pierce tells me +also, this afternoon coming to me, that for certain Sir G. Carteret hath +parted with his Treasurer's place, and that my Lord Anglesey is in it +upon agreement and change of places, though the latter part I do not +think. This Povy told me yesterday, and I think it is a wise act of +[Sir] G. Carteret. Pierce tells me that he hears for certain fresh at +Court, that France and we shall agree; and more, that yesterday was +damned at the Council, the Canary Company; and also that my Lord Mordaunt +hath laid down his Commission, both good things to please the Parliament, +which I hope will do good. Pierce tells me that all the town do cry out +of our office, for a pack of fools and knaves; but says that everybody +speaks either well, or at least the best of me, which is my great +comfort, and think I do deserve it, and shall shew I have; but yet do +think, and he also, that the Parliament will send us all going; and I +shall be well contented with it, God knows! But he tells me how Matt. +Wren should say that he was told that I should say that W. Coventry was +guilty of the miscarriage at Chatham, though I myself, as he confesses, +did tell him otherwise, and that it was wholly Pett's fault. This do +trouble me, not only as untrue, but as a design in some [one] or other to +do me hurt; for, as the thing is false, so it never entered into my mouth +or thought, nor ever shall. He says that he hath rectified Wren in his +belief of this, and so all is well. He gone, I to business till the +evening, and then by chance home, and find the fellow that come up with +my wife, Coleman, last from Brampton, a silly rogue, but one that would +seem a gentleman; but I did not stay with him. So to the office, where +late, busy, and then to walk a little in the garden, and so home to +supper and to bed. News this tide, that about 80 sail of the Dutch, +great and small were seen coming up the river this morning; and this tide +some of them to the upper end of the Hope. + + + +28th. Up, and hear Sir W. Batten is come to town: I to see him; he is +very ill of his fever, and come to town only for advice. Sir J. Minnes, +I hear also, is very ill all this night, worse than before. Thence I +going out met at the gate Sir H. Cholmly coming to me, and I to him in +the coach, and both of us presently to St. James's, by the way +discoursing of some Tangier business about money, which the want of I see +will certainly bring the place into a bad condition. We find the Duke of +York and [Sir] W. Coventry gone this morning, by two o'clock, to Chatham, +to come home to-night: and it is fine to observe how both the King and +Duke of York have, in their several late journeys to and again, done them +in the night for coolnesse. Thence with him to the Treasury Chamber, and +then to the Exchequer to inform ourselves a little about our warrant for +L30,000 for Tangier, which vexes us that it is so far off in time of +payment. Having walked two or three turns with him in the Hall we +parted, and I home by coach, and did business at the office till noon, +and then by water to White Hall to dinner to Sir G. Carteret, but he not +at home, but I dined with my Lady and good company, and good dinner. My +Lady and the family in very good humour upon this business of his parting +with his place of Treasurer of the Navy, which I perceive they do own, +and we did talk of it with satisfaction. They do here tell me that the +Duke of Buckingham hath surrendered himself to Secretary Morrice, and is +going to the Tower. Mr. Fenn, at the table, says that he hath been taken +by the watch two or three times of late, at unseasonable hours, but so +disguised that they could not know him: and when I come home, by and by, +Mr. Lowther tells me that the Duke of Buckingham do dine publickly this +day at Wadlow's, at the Sun Tavern; and is mighty merry, and sent word to +the Lieutenant of the Tower, that he would come to him as soon as he had +dined. Now, how sad a thing it is, when we come to make sport of +proclaiming men traitors, and banishing them, and putting them out of +their offices, and Privy Council, and of sending to and going to the +Tower: God have mercy on us! At table, my Lady and Sir Philip Carteret +have great and good discourse of the greatness of the present King of +France--what great things he hath done, that a man may pass, at any hour +in the night, all over that wild city [Paris], with a purse in his hand +and no danger: that there is not a beggar to be seen in it, nor dirt +lying in it; that he hath married two of Colbert's daughters to two of +the greatest princes of France, and given them portions--bought the +greatest dukedom in France, and given it to Colbert; + + [The Carterets appear to have mystified Pepys, who eagerly believed + all that was told him. At this time Paris was notoriously unsafe, + infested with robbers and beggars, and abominably unclean. Colbert + had three daughters, of whom the eldest was just married when Pepys + wrote, viz., Jean Marie Therese, to the Duc de Chevreuse, on the 3rd + February, 1667. The second daughter, Henriette Louise, was not + married to the Duc de St. Aignan till January 21st, 1671; and the + third, Marie Anne, to the Duc de Mortemart, February 14th, 1679. + Colbert himself was never made a duke. His highest title was + Marquis de Seignelay.--B.] + +and ne'er a prince in France dare whisper against it, whereas here our +King cannot do any such thing, but everybody's mouth is open against him +for it, and the man that hath the favour also. That to several +commanders that had not money to set them out to the present campagne, he +did of his own accord--send them L1000 sterling a-piece, to equip +themselves. But then they did enlarge upon the slavery of the people-- +that they are taxed more than the real estates they have; nay, it is an +ordinary thing for people to desire to give the King all their land that +they have, and themselves become only his tenants, and pay him rent to +the full value of it: so they may have but their earnings, But this will +not be granted; but he shall give the value of his rent, and part of his +labour too. That there is not a petty governor of a province--nay, of a +town, but he will take the daughter from the richest man in the town +under him, that hath got anything, and give her to his footman for a wife +if he pleases, and the King of France will do the like to the best man in +his kingdom--take his daughter from him, and give her to his footman, or +whom he pleases. It is said that he do make a sport of us now; and says, +that he knows no reason why his cozen, the King of England, should not be +as willing to let him have his kingdom, as that the Dutch should take it +from him, which is a most wretched thing that ever we should live to be +in this most contemptible condition. After dinner Sir G. Carteret come +in, and I to him and my Lady, and there he did tell me that the business +was done between him and my Lord Anglesey; that himself is to have the +other's place of Deputy Treasurer of Ireland, which is a place of honour +and great profit, being far better, I know not for what reason, but a +reason there is, than the Treasurer's, my Lord of Corke's, and to give +the other his, of Treasurer of the Navy; that the King, at his earnest +entreaty, did, with much unwillingness, but with owning of great +obligations to him, for his faithfulness and long service to him and his +father, and therefore was willing to grant his desire. That the Duke of +York hath given him the same kind words, so that it is done with all the +good manner that could be, and he I perceive do look upon it, and so do +I, I confess, as a great good fortune to him to meet with one of my Lord +Anglesey's quality willing to receive it at this time. Sir W. Coventry +he hath not yet made acquainted with it, nor do intend it, it being done +purely to ease himself of the many troubles and plagues which he thinks +the perverseness and unkindness of Sir W. Coventry and others by his +means have and is likely every day to bring upon him, and the +Parliament's envy, and lastly to put himself into a condition of making +up his accounts, which he is, he says, afeard he shall never otherwise +be. My Lord Chancellor, I perceive, is his friend in it. I remember I +did in the morning tell Sir H. Cholmly of this business: and he answered +me, he was sorry for it; for, whatever Sir G. Carteret was, he is +confident my Lord Anglesey is one of the greatest knaves in the world, +which is news to me, but I shall make my use of it. Having done this +discourse with Sir G. Carteret, and signified my great satisfaction in +it, which they seem to look upon as something, I went away and by coach +home, and there find my wife making of tea, a drink which Mr. Pelling, +the Potticary, tells her is good for her cold and defluxions. I to the +office (whither come Mr. Carcasse to me to sue for my favour to him), and +Sir W. Pen's, where I find Mr. Lowther come to town after the journey, +and after a small visit to him, I to the office to do much business, and +then in the evening to Sir W. Batten's, to see how he did; and he is +better than he was. He told me how Mrs. Lowther had her train held up +yesterday by her page, at his house in the country; which is so +ridiculous a piece of pride as I am ashamed of. He told me also how he +hears by somebody that my Lord Bruncker's maid hath told that her lady +Mrs. Williams had sold her jewels and clothes to raise money for +something or other; and indeed the last night a letter was sent from her +to me, to send to my Lord, with about five pieces of gold in it, which +methought at the time was but a poor supply. I then to Sir W. Pen, who +continues a little ill, or dissembles it, the latter of which I am apt to +believe. Here I staid but little, not meaning much kindness in it; and +so to the office, and dispatched more business; and then home at night, +and to supper with my wife, and who should come in but Mr. Pelling, and +supped with us, and told us the news of the town; how the officers of the +Navy are cried out upon, and a great many greater men; but do think that +I shall do well enough; and I think, if I have justice, I shall. He +tells me of my Lord Duke of Buckingham, his dining to-day at the Sun, and +that he was mighty merry; and, what is strange, tells me that really he +is at this day a very popular man, the world reckoning him to suffer upon +no other account than that he did propound in Parliament to have all the +questions that had to do with the receipt of the taxes and prizes; but +they must be very silly that do think he can do any thing out of good +intention. After a great deal of tittle-tattle with this honest man, he +gone we to bed. We hear that the Dutch are gone down again; and thanks +be to God! the trouble they give us this second time is not very +considerable. + + + +29th. Up, having had many ugly dreams to-night of my father and my +sister and mother's coming to us, and meeting my wife and me at the gate +of the office going out, they all in laced suits, and come, they told me, +to be with me this May day. My mother told me she lacked a pair of +gloves, and I remembered a pair of my wife's in my chamber, and resolved +she should have them, but then recollected how my mother come to be here +when I was in mourning for her, and so thinking it to be a mistake in our +thinking her all this while dead, I did contrive that it should be said +to any that enquired that it was my mother-in-law, my wife's mother, that +was dead, and we in mourning for. This dream troubled me and I waked . +. . . These dreams did trouble me mightily all night. Up, and by +coach to St. James's, and there find Sir W. Coventry and Sir W. Pen above +stairs, and then we to discourse about making up our accounts against the +Parliament; and Sir W. Coventry did give us the best advice he could for +us to provide for our own justification, believing, as everybody do, that +they will fall heavily upon us all, though he lay all upon want of money, +only a little, he says (if the Parliament be in any temper), may be laid +upon themselves for not providing money sooner, they being expressly and +industriously warned thereof by him, he says, even to the troubling them, +that some of them did afterwards tell him that he had frighted them. He +says he do prepare to justify himself, and that he hears that my Lord +Chancellor, my Lord Arlington, the Vice Chamberlain and himself are +reported all up and down the Coffee houses to be the four sacrifices that +must be made to atone the people. Then we to talk of the loss of all +affection and obedience, now in the seamen, so that all power is lost. +He told us that he do concur in thinking that want of money do do the +most of it, but that that is not all, but the having of gentlemen +Captains, who discourage all Tarpaulins, and have given out that they +would in a little time bring it to that pass that a Tarpaulin should not +dare to aspire to more than to be a Boatswain or a gunner. That this +makes the Sea Captains to lose their own good affections to the service, +and to instil it into the seamen also, and that the seamen do see it +themselves and resent it; and tells us that it is notorious, even to his +bearing of great ill will at Court, that he hath been the opposer of +gentlemen Captains; and Sir W. Pen did put in, and said that he was +esteemed to have been the man that did instil it into Sir W. Coventry, +which Sir W. Coventry did owne also, and says that he hath always told +the Gentlemen Captains his opinion of them, and that himself who had now +served to the business of the sea 6 or 7 years should know a little, and +as much as them that had never almost been at sea, and that yet he found +himself fitter to be a Bishop or Pope than to be a Sea-Commander, and so +indeed he is. I begun to tell him of the experience I had of the great +brags made by Sir F. Hollis the other day, and the little proof either of +the command or interest he had in his men, which Sir W. Pen seconded by +saying Sir Fr. Hollis had told him that there was not a pilot to be got +the other day for his fire-ships, and so was forced to carry them down +himself, which Sir W. Coventry says, in my conscience, he knows no more +to do and understand the River no more than he do Tiber or Ganges. +Thence I away with Sir W. Pen to White Hall, to the Treasury Chamber, but +to no purpose, and so by coach home, and there to my office to business, +and then home to dinner, and to pipe with my wife, and so to the office +again, having taken a resolution to take a turn to Chatham to-morrow, +indeed to do business of the King's, but also to give myself the +satisfaction of seeing the place after the Dutch have been here. I have +sent to and got Creed to go with me by coach betimes to-morrow morning. +After having done my business at the office I home, and there I found +Coleman come again to my house, and with my wife in our great chamber, +which vexed me, there being a bed therein. I staid there awhile, and +then to my study vexed, showing no civility to the man. But he comes on +a compliment to receive my wife's commands into the country, whither he +is going, and it being Saturday my wife told me there was no other room +for her to bring him in, and so much is truth. But I staid vexed in my +closet till by and by my cozen Thomas Pepys, of Hatcham, come to see me, +and he up to my closet, and there sat talking an hour or two of the sad +state of the times, whereof we did talk very freely, and he thinks +nothing but a union of religious interests will ever settle us; and I do +think that, and the Parliament's taking the whole management of things +into their hands, and severe inquisitions into our miscarriages; will +help us. After we had bewailed ourselves and the kingdom very freely one +to another (wherein I do blame myself for my freedom of speech to +anybody), he gone, and Coleman gone also before, I to the office, whither +Creed come by my desire, and he and I to my wife, to whom I now propose +the going to Chatham, who, mightily pleased with it, sent for Mercer to +go with her, but she could not go, having friends at home, which vexed my +wife and me; and the poor wretch would have had anybody else to have +gone, but I would like nobody else, so was contented to stay at home, on +condition to go to Ispsum next Sunday, which I will do, and so I to the +office to dispatch my business, and then home to supper with Creed, and +then Creed and I together to bed, very pleasant in discourse. This day +talking with Sir W. Batten, he did give me an account how ill the King +and Duke of York was advised to send orders for our frigates and fire- +ships to come from Gravesend, soon as ever news come of the Dutch being +returned into the river, wherein no seamen, he believes, was advised +with; for, says he, we might have done just as Warwicke did, when he, +W. Batten; come with the King and the like fleete, in the late wars, into +the river: for Warwicke did not run away from them, but sailed before +them when they sailed, and come to anchor when they come to anchor, and +always kept in a small distance from them: so as to be able to take any +opportunity of any of their ships running aground, or change of wind, or +any thing else, to his advantage. So might we have done with our fire- +ships, and we have lost an opportunity of taking or burning a good ship +of their's, which was run aground about Holehaven, I think he said, with +the wind so as their ships could not get her away; but we might have done +what we would with her, and, it may be, done them mischief, too, with the +wind. This seems very probable, and I believe was not considered. + + + +30th (Lord's day). Up about three o'clock, and Creed and I got +ourselves ready, and took coach at our gate, it being very fine weather, +and the cool of the morning, and with much pleasure, without any stop, +got to Rochester about ten of the clock, all the way having mighty +pleasant talk of the fate that is over all we do, that it seems as if we +were designed in every thing, by land by sea, to undo ourselves. At the +foot of Rochester bridge, at the landing-place, I met my Lord Bruncker +and my Lord Douglas, and all the officers of the soldiers in the town, +waiting there for the Duke of York, whom they heard was coming thither +this day; by and by comes my Lord Middleton, the first time I remember to +have seen him, well mounted, who had been to meet him, but come back +without him; he seems a fine soldier, and so every body says he is; and a +man, like my Lord Teviott, and indeed most of the Scotch gentry, as I +observe, of few words. After staying here by the water-side and seeing +the boats come up from Chatham, with them that rowed with bandeleeres +about their shoulders, and muskets in their boats, they being the workmen +of the Yard, who have promised to redeem their credit, lost by their +deserting the service when the Dutch were there, my Lord Bruncker went +with Lord Middleton to his inne, the Crowne, to dinner, which I took +unkindly, but he was slightly invited. So I and Creed down by boat to +Chatham-yard (our watermen having their bandeleeres about them all the +way), and to Commissioner Pett's house, where my Lord Bruncker told me +that I should meet with his dinner two dishes of meat, but did not, but +however by the help of Mr. Wiles had some beer and ale brought me, and a +good piece of roast beef from somebody's table, and eat well at two, and +after dinner into the garden to shew Creed, and I must confess it must +needs be thought a sorrowful thing for a man that hath taken so much +pains to make a place neat to lose it as Commissioner Pett must now this. +Thence to see the batteries made; which, indeed, are very fine, and guns +placed so as one would think the River should be very secure. I was +glad, as also it was new to me, to see so many fortifications as I have +of late seen, and so up to the top of the Hill, there to look, and could +see towards Sheerenesse, to spy the Dutch fleete, but could make [out] +none but one vessel, they being all gone. But here I was told, that, in +all the late attempt, there was but one man that they knew killed on +shore: and that was a man that had laid himself upon his belly upon one +of the hills, on the other side of the River, to see the action; and a +bullet come, took the ground away just under his belly, and ripped up his +belly, and so was killed. Thence back to the docke, and in my way saw +how they are fain to take the deals of the rope-house to supply other +occasions, and how sillily the country troopers look, that stand upon the +passes there; and, methinks, as if they were more willing to run away +than to fight, and it is said that the country soldiers did first run at +Sheerenesse, but that then my Lord Douglas's men did run also; but it is +excused that there was no defence for them towards the sea, that so the +very beach did fly in their faces as the bullets come, and annoyed them, +they having, after all this preparation of the officers of the ordnance, +only done something towards the land, and nothing at all towards the sea. +The people here everywhere do speak very badly of Sir Edward Spragge, as +not behaving himself as he should have done in that business, going away +with the first, and that old Captain Pyne, who, I am here told, and no +sooner, is Master-Gunner of England, was the last that staid there. +Thence by barge, it raining hard, down to the chaine; and in our way did +see the sad wrackes of the poor "Royall Oake," "James," and "London;" + + ["The bottom of the `Royal James' is got afloat, and those of the ` + Loyal London' and `Royal Oak' soon will be so. Many men are at work + to put Sheerness in a posture of defence, and a boom is being fitted + over the river by Upnor Castle, which with the good fortifications + will leave nothing to fear."--Calendar of State Papers, 1667, p. + 285.] + +and several other of our ships by us sunk, and several of the enemy's, +whereof three men-of-war that they could not get off, and so burned. We +did also see several dead bodies lie by the side of the water. I do not +see that Upnor Castle hath received any hurt by them, though they played +long against it; and they themselves shot till they had hardly a gun left +upon the carriages, so badly provided they were: they have now made two +batteries on that side, which will be very good, and do good service. So +to the chaine, and there saw it fast at the end on Upnor side of the +River; very fast, and borne up upon the several stages across the River; +and where it is broke nobody can tell me. I went on shore on Upnor side +to look upon the end of the chaine; and caused the link to be measured, +and it was six inches and one-fourth in circumference. They have burned +the Crane House that was to hawl it taught. It seems very remarkable to +me, and of great honour to the Dutch, that those of them that did go on +shore to Gillingham, though they went in fear of their lives, and were +some of them killed; and, notwithstanding their provocation at Schelling, +yet killed none of our people nor plundered their houses, but did take +some things of easy carriage, and left the rest, and not a house burned; +and, which is to our eternal disgrace, that what my Lord Douglas's men, +who come after them, found there, they plundered and took all away; and +the watermen that carried us did further tell us, that our own soldiers +are far more terrible to those people of the country-towns than the Dutch +themselves. We were told at the batteries, upon my seeing of the field- +guns that were there, that, had they come a day sooner, they had been +able to have saved all; but they had no orders, and lay lingering upon +the way, and did not come forward for want of direction. Commissioner +Pett's house was all unfurnished, he having carried away all his goods. +I met with no satisfaction whereabouts the chaine was broke, but do +confess I met with nobody that I could well expect to have satisfaction +[from], it being Sunday; and the officers of the Yard most of them +abroad, or at the Hill house, at the pay of the Chest, which they did +make use of to day to do part in. Several complaints, I hear, of the +Monmouth's coming away too soon from the chaine, where she was placed +with the two guard-ships to secure it; and Captain Robert Clerke, my +friend, is blamed for so doing there, but I hear nothing of him at +London about it; but Captain Brookes's running aground with the "Sancta +Maria," which was one of the three ships that were ordered to be sunk to +have dammed up the River at the chaine, is mightily cried against, and +with reason, he being the chief man to approve of the abilities of other +men, and the other two slips did get safe thither and he run aground; but +yet I do hear that though he be blameable, yet if she had been there, she +nor two more to them three would have been able to have commanded the +river all over. I find that here, as it hath been in our river, fire- +ships, when fitted, have been sunk afterwards, and particularly those +here at the Mussle, where they did no good at all. Our great ships that +were run aground and sunk are all well raised but the "Vanguard," which +they go about to raise to-morrow. "The Henery," being let loose to drive +up the river of herself, did run up as high as the bridge, and broke down +some of the rails of the bridge, and so back again with the tide, and up +again, and then berthed himself so well as no pilot could ever have done +better; and Punnet says he would not, for his life, have undertaken to +have done it, with all his skill. I find it is true that the Dutch did +heele "The Charles" to get her down, and yet run aground twice or thrice, +and yet got her safe away, and have her, with a great many good guns in +her, which none of our pilots would ever have undertaken. It is very +considerable the quantity of goods, which the making of these platforms +and batterys do take out of the King's stores: so that we shall have +little left there, and, God knows! no credit to buy any; besides, the +taking away and spending of (it is possible) several goods that would +have been either rejected or abatement made for them before used. It is +a strange thing to see that, while my Lords Douglas and Middleton do ride +up and down upon single horses, my Lord Bruncker do go up and down with +his hackney-coach and six horses at the King's charge, which will do, for +all this time, and the time that he is likely to stay, must amount to a +great deal. But I do not see that he hath any command over the seamen, +he being affronted by three or four seamen before my very face, which he +took sillily, methought; and is not able to do so much good as a good +boatswain in this business. My Lord Bruncker, I perceive, do endeavour +to speak well of Commissioner Pett, saying that he did exercise great +care and pains while he was there, but do not undertake to answer for his +not carrying up of the great ships. Back again to Rochester, and there +walked to the Cathedral as they were beginning of the service, but would +not be seen to stay to church there, besides had no mind, but rather to +go to our inne, the White Hart, where we drank and were fain (the towne +being so full of soldiers) to have a bed corded for us to lie in, I being +unwilling to lie at the Hill house for one night, being desirous to be +near our coach to be gone betimes to-morrow morning. Here in the +streets, I did hear the Scotch march beat by the drums before the +soldiers, which is very odde. Thence to the Castle, and viewed it with +Creed, and had good satisfaction from him that showed it us touching the +history of it. Then into the fields, a fine walk, and there saw Sir +Francis Clerke's house, which is a pretty seat, and then back to our inne +and bespoke supper, and so back to the fields and into the Cherry garden, +where we had them fresh gathered, and here met with a young, plain, silly +shopkeeper, and his wife, a pretty young woman, the man's name Hawkins, +and I did kiss her, and we talked (and the woman of the house is a very +talking bawdy jade), and eat cherries together, and then to walk in the +fields till it was late, and did kiss her, and I believe had I had a fit +time and place I might have done what I would with her. Walked back and +left them at their house near our inne, and then to our inne, where, I +hear, my Lord Bruncker hath sent for me to speak with me before I go: so +I took his coach, which stands there with two horses, and to him and to +his bedside, where he was in bed, and hath a watchman with a halbert at +his door; and to him, and did talk a little, and find him a very weak man +for this business that he is upon; and do pity the King's service, that +is no better handled, and his folly to call away Pett before we could +have found a better man to have staid in his stead; so took leave of him, +and with Creed back again, it being now about 10 at night, and to our +inne to supper, and then to bed, being both sleepy, but could get no +sheets to our bed, only linen to our mouths, and so to sleep, merrily +talking of Hawkins and his wife, and troubled that Creed did see so much +of my dalliance, though very little. + + + + +ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS: + +Buying his place of my Lord Barkely +Heeling her on one side to make her draw little water +Know yourself to be secure, in being necessary to the office +Night the Dutch burned our ships the King did sup with Castlemayne +Young fellow, with his hat cocked like a fool behind + + + + +End of this Project Gutenberg Etext of The Diary of Samuel Pepys, v61 +by Samuel Pepys, Unabridged, transcribed by Bright, edited by Wheatley + diff --git a/old/sp62g10.zip b/old/sp62g10.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..48cb3dd --- /dev/null +++ b/old/sp62g10.zip |