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diff --git a/41528-8.txt b/41528-0.txt index f308d13..a45be0c 100644 --- a/41528-8.txt +++ b/41528-0.txt @@ -1,41 +1,4 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, Memoirs of a Veteran Who Served as a Private -in the 60's in the War Between the States, by Isaac Hermann - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - - - - -Title: Memoirs of a Veteran Who Served as a Private in the 60's in the War Between the States - Personal Incidents, Experiences and Observations - - -Author: Isaac Hermann - - - -Release Date: December 1, 2012 [eBook #41528] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN WHO SERVED AS -A PRIVATE IN THE 60'S IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES*** - - -E-text prepared by Greg Bergquist, Moti Ben-Ari, and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images -generously made available by Internet Archive/American Libraries -(http://archive.org/details/americana) - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 41528 *** Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. @@ -1383,7 +1346,7 @@ ran within a couple of hundred yards from the house. There was on the bank and close to the bridge a party of gentlemen fishing, having a large camp fire and prepared to have a fish-fry, so Linville and myself took a boat that was moored above the bridge and quietly, unbeknown to -anybody paddled about 1¼ mile up stream, expecting to float down with +anybody paddled about 1¼ mile up stream, expecting to float down with the current. Although it was the month of May the night was chilly enough for an overcoat. Linville and myself struck up a tune, allowing the boat to float along with the current, the oar laying across my lap. @@ -4186,7 +4149,7 @@ offered me from fifteen to fifty cents per pound. I did not know what the value was; I knew that before the war started it brought about eight cents. However, I drove up to the firms office on Bay street. I saw Mr. Bothwell; after the usual greeting I said, What is cotton selling at? -It brought .62½ this a. m., but I think I can get more than that if it +It brought .62½ this a. m., but I think I can get more than that if it is good cotton. To make matters short I got .65 per pound and the two bales Salter let me have for my horse weighed 600 pounds a bale, netting me $720.00. I bought me another mule and now I was again fully equipped @@ -4551,7 +4514,7 @@ come you to accept merchandise in that condition. He answered, the sacks were allright when I took them out of the car, it was after they were loaded one of them fellows, a white man named Smith, run around the wagon and cut the sacks and I spilled lots of corn. I picked up some of -it and put in that sack, indicating a sack ¾ full. I said, Do you know +it and put in that sack, indicating a sack ¾ full. I said, Do you know the man; would you recognize him again if you were to meet him? Oh yes, Marse Ike. Saturday morning I took charge of the team and my partner remained at the store. I took dinner and fed my mules at my friends' Mr. @@ -5405,363 +5368,4 @@ P. 282: "Batt" changed to "Bat" (Private G. W. H. Whitaker became Capt. P. 282: "Adgt" changed to "Adjt" (Private T. O. Wicker became Adjt. 28th Georgia Regiment). - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN WHO SERVED AS A -PRIVATE IN THE 60'S IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES*** - - -******* This file should be named 41528-8.txt or 41528-8.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/1/5/2/41528 - - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at <a -href="http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></p> -<p>Title: Memoirs of a Veteran Who Served as a Private in the 60's in the War Between the States</p> -<p> Personal Incidents, Experiences and Observations</p> -<p>Author: Isaac Hermann</p> -<p>Release Date: December 1, 2012 [eBook #41528]</p> -<p>Language: English</p> -<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> -<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN WHO SERVED AS A PRIVATE IN THE 60'S IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES***</p> <p> </p> -<h4>E-text prepared by Greg Bergquist, Moti Ben-Ari,<br /> - and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> - (<a href="http://www.pgdp.net">http://www.pgdp.net</a>)<br /> - from page images generously made available by<br /> - Internet Archive/American Libraries<br /> - (<a href="http://archive.org/details/americana">http://archive.org/details/americana</a>)</h4> <p> </p> <table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff;margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10"> <tr> @@ -8255,360 +8238,6 @@ Georgia Regiment).</p> <p> </p> <p> </p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN WHO SERVED AS A PRIVATE IN THE 60'S IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES***</p> -<p>******* This file should be named 41528-h.txt or 41528-h.zip *******</p> -<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> -<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/1/5/2/41528">http://www.gutenberg.org/4/1/5/2/41528</a></p> -<p> -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed.</p> - -<p> -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - - - - -Title: Memoirs of a Veteran Who Served as a Private in the 60's in the War Between the States - Personal Incidents, Experiences and Observations - - -Author: Isaac Hermann - - - -Release Date: December 1, 2012 [eBook #41528] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN WHO SERVED AS -A PRIVATE IN THE 60'S IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES*** - - -E-text prepared by Greg Bergquist, Moti Ben-Ari, and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images -generously made available by Internet Archive/American Libraries -(http://archive.org/details/americana) - - - -Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this - file which includes the original illustrations. - See 41528-h.htm or 41528-h.zip: - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/41528/41528-h/41528-h.htm) - or - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/41528/41528-h.zip) - - - Images of the original pages are available through - Internet Archive/American Libraries. See - http://archive.org/details/memoirsofveteran00hermiala - - - - - -[Illustration: Yours truly, I. HERMANN] - - -MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN - -WHO SERVED AS A PRIVATE IN THE 60'S -IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES - -Personal Incidents, Experiences and Observations - -Written by - -CAPT. I. HERMANN - -Who Served in the Three Branches of the Confederate Army - - - - - - -Atlanta. Ga.: -Byrd Printing Company -1911 - -Copyright 1911 -By I. Hermann -All rights reserved - - - - -INTRODUCTION. - - -The following reminiscences after due and careful consideration, are -dedicated to the young, who are pausing at the portals of manhood, as -well as womanhood, and who are confronted with illusory visions and -representations, the goal of which is but seldom attained, even by the -fewest fortunates, and then only by unforeseen circumstances and -haphazards, not illustrated in the mapped out program for future -welfare, greatness and success. - -Often the most sanguine persons have such optimistic illusions, which, -unless most carefully considered will lead them into irreparable errors. -Even the political changes, often times necessary in the government of -men, are great factors to smash into fragments the best and most -illusory plans, and cast into the shadow, for a time being at least, the -kindliest, philanthropic and best intentions of individual efforts, -until the Wheel of Fortune again turns in his direction, casting a few -sparks of hope in his ultimate favor, and which is seldom realized. - -If the reader of the above has been induced to think and carefully -consider, before acting hastily, the writer feels that he has -accomplished some good in the current affairs of human events. - - - - -CHAPTER I. - - -A PICTURE. - -Entering the post-office for my daily mail, I noticed in the lobby, -hanging on the wall, a beautiful, attractive and highly colored -landscape and manhood therein displayed in its perfection, gaudily -dressed in spotless uniforms; some on horseback, some afoot, with a -carriage as erect and healthful demeanor that the artist could -undoubtedly produce; he was at his best, setting forth a life of ease -and comfort that would appeal to the youngster, patriot and careless -individual, that therein is a life worth living for. Even the social -features have not been omitted where men and officers stand in good -comradeship. Peace and repose, and a full dinner pail are the -environment of the whole representation. - -It is the advertisement of an army recruiting officer, who wants to -enlist young, healthy men for the service of the executive branch of our -National Government, to defend the boundaries of our territory, to -protect our people against the invasion of a foreign foe, to even -invade a foreign land, to kill and be killed at the behest of the -powers that be, for an insult whether imaginary or real, that probably -could have been settled through better entente, or if the political -atmosphere would have thought to leave the matter of misunderstanding or -misconstruction to a tribunal of arbitration. - -The writer himself was once a soldier; the uniform he wore did not -correspond with that of the picture above, it was rather the reverse in -all its features. He enlisted in the Confederate service in 1861, when -our homes were invaded, in defense of our firesides, and the Confederate -States of America, who at that time, were an organized Government. - -Usually an artist, when he represents a subject on canvas, uses a dark -background, to bring forth in bright relief, the subject of his work. -But I, not being an artist, reverse the matter in controversy, and put -the bright side first. - - -OTHER PICTURES. - -When in 1861 the Southern States, known as the Slave States, severed -their connection with the Federal Government and formed a Confederacy of -their own, which under the Federal Constitution and Common Compact, -they had a perfect right to do, they sent Commissioners, composed of -John Forsyth, Martin J. Crawford and A. B. Boman to Washington, with -power to adjust in a peaceable manner, any differences existing between -the Confederate Government and their late associates. Our Government -refrained from committing any overt act, or assault, and proposed -strictly to act on the defensive, until that Government, in a most -treacherous manner, attempted to maintain by force of arms, property, -then in their possession and belonging to the Confederate Government, -and which they had promised to surrender or abandon. But on the -contrary, they sent a fleet loaded with provisions, men and munitions of -war, to hold and keep Fort Sumter, in the harbor of South Carolina, -contrary to our expectations, and as a menace to our new born Nation. - -Then, as now, there were State troops, or military organizations, and -being on the alert, under the direction of our Government, and under the -immediate command of General Beauregard, they fired on the assaulting -fleet to prevent a most flagrant outrage, and after a fierce conflict, -the Fort was surrendered, by one Capt. Anderson, then in command. - -Abraham Lincoln, the then President of the United States, called out -75,000 troops, which was construed by us as coercion on the part of the -Federal Government, so as to prevent the Confederates from carrying out -peaceably the maintenance of a Government already formed. To meet such -contingency President Jefferson Davis called for volunteers. More men -presented themselves properly organized into Companies, than we had arms -to furnish. Patriotism ran high, and people took up arms as by one -common impulse, and formed themselves into regiments and brigades. - -The Federal Government, with few exceptions, had all the arsenals in -their possession. We were therefore not in a condition to physically -withstand a very severe onslaught, but when the Northern Army attempted -on July 21, 1861, to have a holiday in Richmond, the Capital of the -Confederate States, we taught them a lesson at Manassas, and inscribed a -page in history for future generations to contemplate. - -[Illustration: So Mounting a Stump, I Proceeded to Introduce Myself.] - - - - -CHAPTER II. - - -The Federal army under General Scott consisted of over 60,000 men, while -that of General J. E. Johnston was only half that number. Someone asked -General Scott, why he, the hero of Mexico, had failed to enter Richmond. -He answered, because the boys that led him into Mexico are the very ones -that kept him out of Richmond. - -The proclamation of Abraham Lincoln calling out for troops was responded -to with alacrity. In the meantime, we on the Confederate side, were not -asleep; Washington County had then only one military organization of -infantry called the Washington Rifles, commanded by Captain Seaborn -Jones, a very gallant old gentleman, who was brave and patriotic. The -following was a list of the Company's membership, who, by a unanimous -vote, offered their services to the newly formed Government to repel the -invader: (See Appendix A.). Their services were accepted, and they were -ordered to Macon, Ga., as a camp of instructions, and for the formation -of a regiment, of which the following companies formed the -contingent--their names, letters, and captains. (See Appendix B.) - -J. N. Ramsey, of Columbus, Ga., was elected Colonel. We were ordered to -Pensacola, Fla., for duty, and to guard that port, and to keep from -landing any troops by our enemy who were in possession of the fort, -guarding the entrance of that harbor. This was in the month of April, -1861. From Pensacola the regiment was ordered to Northwestern Virginia. -The Confederate Capital was also changed from Montgomery, Ala., where -the Confederate Government was organized, and Jefferson Davis nominated -its President, to Richmond, Va. - -About the middle of May, the same year, twenty-one young men of this -County, of which the writer formed a contingent part, resolved to join -the Washington Rifles, who had just preceded us on their way to -Virginia. We rendezvoused at Davisboro, a station on the Central of -Georgia Railway. We were all in high spirit on the day of our departure. -The people of the neighborhood assembled to wish us Godspeed and a safe -return. It was a lovely day and patriotism ran high. We promised a -satisfactory result as soldiers of the Confederate States of America. - -At Richmond, Va., we were met by President Davis, who came to shake -hands with the "boys in gray", and speak words of encouragement. From -Richmond we traveled by rail to Staunton, where we were furnished with -accoutrements by Colonel Mikel Harmon, and which consisted of muskets -converted into percussion cap weapons, from old revolutionary flint and -steel guns, possessing a kicking power that would put "Old Maude" to -shame. My little squad had resolved to stick to one another through all -emergencies, to aid and assist each other and to protect one another. -Those resolutions were carried out to the letter as long as we continued -together. We still went by rail to Buffalo Gap, when we had to foot it -over the mountains to McDowell, a little village in the Valley of the -Blue Ridge. Foot-sore and weary we struck camp. The inhabitants were -hospitable and kind, and we informed ourselves about everything in that -country, Laurel Hill being our destination. - -An old fellow whose name is Sanders, a very talkative gentlemen, told us -how, he by himself ran a dozen Yankees; every one of us became -interested as to how he did it, so he stated that one morning he went to -salt his sheep in the pasture--all of a sudden there appeared a dozen -or more Yankee soldiers, so he picked up his gun, and ran first, and -they ran after him, but did not catch him. We all felt pretty well sold -out and had a big laugh, for the gentleman demonstrated his tale in a -very dramatic way. - -The following morning, we concluded to hire teams to continue our -journey, which was within two days march of our destination. We passed -Monterey, another village at the foot of the Alleghany Mountains, about -twelve miles from McDowell. We crossed the Alleghany into Green Brier -County, passed Huttensville, another little village at the foot of Cheat -Mountain, from there to Beverly, a village about twelve miles from -Laurel Hill, where we were entertained with a spread, the people having -heard of our approach. We camped there that night, and passed commandery -resolution upon its citizens, and their kind hospitality. The following -day we arrived at Laurel Hill, where the army, about 3,000 strong, was -encamped. The boys were glad to see us, and asked thousands of questions -about their home-folks, all of which was answered as far as possible. -The writer being a Frenchman, a rather scarce article in those days in -this country, elicited no little curiosity among the members of the -First Georgia Regiment. Sitting in my tent, reading and writing, at the -same time enjoying my pipe, I noted at close intervals shadows excluding -the light of day--looking for the cause, the party or parties instantly -withdrew. Major U. M. Irwin entered; I asked him the cause for such -curiosity, he stated laughing, "Well, I told some fellows we'd brought a -live Frenchman with us. I suppose those fellows want to get a peep at -you." I at once got up, mounted an old stump, and introduced myself to -the crowd: "Gentlemen, it seems that I am eliciting a great deal of -curiosity; now all of you will know me as Isaac Hermann, a native -Frenchman, who came to assist you to fight the Yankees." Having thus -made myself known, I took the privilege to ask those with whom I came in -contact their names, and what Company they belonged to, and thus in a -short time I knew every man in the Regiment. We were now installed and -regularly enrolled for duty. - - - - -CHAPTER III. - - -Laurel Hill is a plateau situated to the right of Rich Mountain, the -pass of which was occupied by Governor Wise, with a small force. - -In the early part of July, General McClelland, in command of the Federal -troops, made a demonstration on our front. Our position was somewhat -fortified by breastworks; the enemy came in close proximity to our camp -and kept us on the Qui-vive; their guns were of long range, while ours -would not carry over fifty yards. Picket duties were performed by whole -companies, taking possession of the surrounding commanding hills. Many -shots hissed in close proximity, without our being able to locate the -direction from which they came, and without our even being able to hear -the report of the guns. Very little damage, however, was done, except by -some stray ball, now and then. It was the writer's time to stand guard, -not far in front of the camp, his beat was alongside the ditches. In -front of me the enemy had planted a cannon. The shots came at regular -intervals in direct line with my beat, but the shots fell somewhat -short, by about fifty to seventy-five yards. I saw many hit the ground. -When Lieutenant Colonel Clark, came round on a tour of inspection, I -remarked, "Colonel, am I placed here as a target to be shot at by those -fellows yonder. One of their shots came rather close for comfort." He -said, "Take your beat in the ditch, and when you see the smoke, tuck -your head below the breastworks"--which was three and one-half feet deep -the dirt drawn towards the front, which protected me up to my shoulders. -For nearly two hours, until relieved, I kept close watch for the smoke -of their gun, which I approximated was about a mile distant, and there I -learned that it took the report of the cannon eight seconds to reach me -after seeing the smoke, and the whiz of the missile four seconds later -still; this gave me about twelve seconds to dodge the ball--anyhow, I -was very willing when relief came, for the other fellow to take my -place. In the afternoon, minnie balls rather multipherous, were hissing -among the boys in camp, but up to that time there was no damage done, -when a cavalryman came in and reported that some of the enemy was -occupying an old log house situated about a half mile in front of us, -and it was there through the cracks of that building came the missiles -that made the fellows dodge about. General Garnett, our Commander, -ordered out two companies of infantry, who, taking a long detour -through the woods placed themselves in position to receive them as they -emerged from the building, and with two pieces of artillery, sent balls -and shells through their improvised fort. Out came the "Yanks" only to -fall into the hands of those ready to give them a warm reception. - -On that evening, three days rations were issued. At dark it commenced -drizzling rain; we were ordered to strike camp, and we took up the line -of march to the rear, when I learned that the enemy had whipped out -Governor Wise's forces on Rich Mountain and threatened our rear. We -marched the whole of that night, only to find our retreat to Beverly -blockaded by the enemy who had felled many trees across the road, the -only turn pike leading to that place. - -We had to retrace our steps for several miles, and take what is known as -mountain trail, leading in a different direction, marching all day. The -night again, which was dark and dreary multiplied our misgivings. The -path we followed, was as stated, a narrow mountain path, on the left -insurmountable mountains, while on the right very deep precipices; many -teams that left the rut on account of the darkness, were precipitated -down the precipices and abandoned. Thus, after two nights and one day of -steady marching, we arrived at Carricks' Ford, a fordable place on the -north fork of the Potomac River. The water was breast-deep, and we went -into it like ducks, when of a sudden, the Yankees appeared, firing into -our column. They struck us about and along the wagon train, capturing -the same, while the advance column stampeded. We lost our regimental -colors, which were in the baggage wagon, in charge of G. W. Kelly, who -abandoned it with all the Company's effects, to save himself. - -Colonel Ramsey, in fact all our officers were elected on account of -their cleverness at home. This being a strictly agricultural country, -the men and officers knew more about farming than about military -tactics. Colonel Ramsey was an eminent lawyer of Columbus, Georgia. He -gave the command, "Georgian, retreat," and the rout was complete. It was -a great mistake that the Government did not assign military men to take -charge in active campaigns; many blunders might have been evaded and -many lives spared at the beginning of the war. - -One half of my regiment was assigned as rear guards and marched -therefore, in the rear of the column behind the wagon train. We were -consequently left to take care of ourselves the best we could. General -Garnett was killed in the melee. Had we had officers who understood -anything about military tactics, these reminiscences might be told -differently. - -As soon as we heard firing in our front, we at once formed ourselves -into line of battle, in a small corn patch across the stream, on our -immediate right, at the foot of a high mountain. It seemed to have been -new ground and the corn was luxuriantly thick. The logs that were there -were rolled into line, thus serving as terraces, and also afforded us -splendid breastworks. We were hardly in position, when artillery troops -appeared and crossed the ford, not seventy-five yards from where we were -in line, seeing them, without being seen ourselves. Major Harvey -Thompson, who was in Command of our forces, which were not over four -hundred and fifty strong, seeing some men making ready to fire, gave -orders not to fire, as they were our own men crossing the stream, and -thus lost the opportunity of making himself famous, for it proved to be -the enemy's artillery in our immediate front. Had he given orders to -fire and charge, we could have been on them before they could possibly -have formed themselves into battery, captured their guns, killed and -captured many of their men, and would have turned into victory what -proved to have become a disastrous defeat. - -Thus being cut off from our main forces, who were in full retreat, and -fearing to be captured, we climbed the mountain in our rear, expecting -to cut across in a certain direction, and rejoin our forces some -distance beyond. Thus began a dreary march of three days and four nights -in a perfect wilderness, soaked to the bone and nothing to eat, cutting -our way through the heavy growth of laurel bushes, we had to take it in -Indian file, in single column. - -Many pathetic instances came to my observation; some reading testaments, -others taking from their breast-pocket, next to their heart, pictures of -loved ones, dropping tears of despair, as they mournfully returned them -to their receptacle. An instance which impressed itself forcibly on my -mind, was the filial affection displayed between father and son, and in -which the writer put to good use, the Biblical story of King Solomon, -where two women claimed the same child, but in this instance neither -wanted to claim. It was thus: Captain Jones found a piece of tallow -candle about one inch long in his haversack, and presented it to his -son, Weaver, saying, "Eat that, son, it will sustain life;" "No, father, -you eat it, I am younger than you, and stronger, and therefore can hold -out longer." There they stood looking affectionately at each other, the -Captain holding the piece of candle between his fingers. So I said, -"Captain, hand it to me, I will divide it for you." Having my knife in -hand, I cut it lengthwise, following the wick, giving each half, and -passing the blade between my lips. It was the first taste of anything -the writer had had in four days. - - - - -CHAPTER IV. - - -When night overtook us, we had to remain in our track until daylight -would enable us to proceed. When at about nine o'clock A. M. word was -passed up the line, from mouth to mouth--"A Guide! A man and his son who -will guide us out of here." Then Major Thompson, who was in front sent -word down the line for the men to come up. The guides sent word up the -line to meet them half way, that they were very tired, so it was -arranged that Major Thompson met them about center, where the writer -was. The guides introduced themselves as Messrs. Parson, father and son. -The senior was a man of about fifty years, rather ungainly as to looks, -and somewhat cross-eyed, while his son was a strong athletic young man, -about twenty-three. They said they were trappers, collecting furs for -the market. It must be remarked that that country was perfectly wild, -and uninhabited, for during all this long march I had not seen a single -settlement, but it contained many wild beasts, such as bears, panthers, -foxes, deer, etc. He related that a tall young man by the name of Jasper -Stubbs, belonging to Company E, First Regiment, Washington Rifles, came -to his quarters very early this morning, inquiring if any soldiers had -passed by, saying he found a nook under a projecting rock where he stood -in column the night before, and to protect himself from dew, he lay down -to rest, and fell asleep. When he awoke, it was day and he found his -comrades gone, and that he was by himself. The surface of ground or -rock, was a solid moss-bed, consequently he could not tell which way our -tracks pointed, and he happened to take the reverse course which we -went, and thus came to where the Parsons lived. Stubbs was missing, thus -proving that the men's story must be true. It must also be remembered -that the majority of the people in Western Virginia were in sympathy -with the enemy, and thus possessed of many informers or spies, who would -give information as to our whereabouts and doings. - -A conference was held among the officers as to what was best to be done. -Parson claimed to be in sympathy with the South, and he knew that we -would not be able to carry out our design, and that we would all perish, -so he put out to lead us out of our dilemma. Major Thompson was for -putting the Parsons under arrest, and force them to lead us in the -direction we first assumed, or perish with us. Parsons spoke up and -said, "Gentlemen, I am in your power; the country through which you -propose to travel is not habitable, I have been raised in these regions, -and there is not a living soul within forty miles in the direction you -propose to go, and at the rate you are compelled to advance, you would -all perish to death, and your carcasses left for food to the wild beasts -of the forest." The conference was divided, some hesitated, others were -for adopting Major Thompson's plan, when the writer stepped forward, -saying, "Gentlemen, up to now, I have obeyed orders, but I for one, -prefer to be shot by an enemy's bullet, than to perish like a coward in -this wild region." Captain Jones tapped me on the shoulder, remarking; -"Well spoken, Hermann, those are my sentiments--Company E, About Face!". -Captain Crump, commanding Company I, from Augusta, Ga., followed suit, -and thus the whole column faced about, ready to follow the Parsons. - -The writer made the following proposition: That Mr. Parson and son be -disarmed, for both carried hunting rifles; that I would follow them -within twenty paces, while the column should follow within two hundred -yards, thus in case of treachery they would be warned by report of my -gun, that there is danger ahead. These precautions I deemed necessary in -case of an ambush. Addressing myself to our guides, I said, "Gentlemen, -you occupy an enviable position; if you prove true, of which I have no -doubt myself, you'd be amply rewarded, but should you prove otherwise, -your hide is mine, and there is not enough guns in Yankeedom to prevent -me from shooting you." At this point, a private from the Gate City -Guards, whose name is Wm. Leatherwood, remarked, "You shall not go -alone, I will accompany you." I thanked him kindly, saying I would be -glad if he would. Thus we retraced our steps, following our leaders, -when after about three miles march we struck a mountain stream, in the -bed of which we waded for nine miles, the water varying from knee to -waist deep, running very rapidly over mossy, slippery rocks, and through -gorges as if the mountains were cut in twain and hewn down. In some -places, the walls were so high, affording a narrow dark passage, I don't -believe God's sun ever shone down there. I was so chilled, I felt myself -freezing to death in mid summer, for it was about the 17th of July; -darkness was setting in, and I had not seen the sun that day, although -the sky was cloudless, when to my great relief we came to a little -opening on our left, the mountain receding, leaving about an acre of -level ground, with a luxuriant growth of grass. Our guides said they -lived within a quarter of a mile from there. I said, let us rest and -wait for the rest of the men. When after a little rest, I started again, -I was too weak to make the advance, although provisions were in sight. I -had to be relieved, and some others took my place, while I lay exhausted -on the grass. Happily some of the men had paper that escaped humidity; -loading a musket with wadding, they fired into a rotten stump, setting -it on fire, and by persistent blowing, produced a bright little flame, -which soon developed into a large camp fire, around which the boys dried -themselves. - -Parson proved himself a noble, patriotic host. After a couple of hours, -he sent us a large pone of corn-bread, baked in an old-fashioned oven. I -received about an inch square as my share,--the sweetest morsel that -ever passed my lips. It was sufficient to allay the gnawing of my empty -stomach,--it had a strange effect on me, for every time I would stand -up, my knees would give way and down I went otherwise I felt no -inconvenience. - -It was a remarkable fact that every man was able to keep up with our -small column and we did not lose a single man up to that time. - - - - -CHAPTER V. - - -The next morning Mr. Parson drove up two nice, seal fat beeves,--to get -rations was a quick performance, and the meat was devoured before it had -time to get any of the animal heat out of it, some ate it raw, others -stuck it on the ramrod of their gun and held it over the fire, in the -meantime biting off great mouthfulls while the balance was broiling on -his improvised cooking utensil. Mr. Parson also brought us some meal, -which being made into dough was baked in the ashes, and thus we all had -a square meal and some left to carry in our haversack. - -Mr. Parson was tolerably well to do, he owned some land, raised his -truck, had a small apple orchard, and indulged in stock-raising. He -owned several horses and some of the officers bought of him. The writer -feeling badly jaded, also concluded he would buy himself a horse, and -paid his price, $95.00 for a horse, but Major Thompson, being of a timid -nature, was afraid that too many horsemen might attract attention, -refused to let me ride by the wagon-road, so Mr. Parson said there was a -mountain path that I could follow that would lead in the big road some -few miles beyond, but that I would have to lead the animal for about a -couple of miles, when I would be able to ride. Dr. Whitaker, a worthy -member of my Company, and a good companion, offered me his services to -get the animal over the roughest part of the route. I accepted his -offer, and promised that we would ride by turns, so I took the horse by -the bridle and led him, Whitaker following behind, coaxing him along. -The mountain was so steep I had to talk to keep the horse on his feet, -but nevertheless he slipped several times and we worried to get him up -again. We made slow headway; the column had advanced, and we lost sight -of it, and were left alone, worrying with the horse, who finally lost -foothold again, and rolled over. The writer was forced to turn loose the -bridle to keep from being dragged along into the hollow. The horse -rolled over and over, making every effort to gain his feet, but to no -avail, until he reached the bottom, where he appeared no bigger than a -goat. I felt sorry for the poor animal, so I went down, took off his -saddle and bridle, placed them on a rock, and left him to take care of -himself. I rejoined Dr. Whitaker. Relieved of our burden, we followed -the trail made by the column. About sunset we caught sight of them, just -as they crossed Green Brier River, a wide, but shallow stream. At that -place the water was waist deep in the center, running very swift, as -mountain streams do, over slippery moss-covered rocks. When center of -the river, I lost foot hold and the stream, swift as it was, swept me -under, and in my feeble condition I had a struggle to recover myself. I -lost my rations, which were swept down stream, a great loss to me, but -undoubtedly served as a fine repast for the fishes which abounded in -those waters. - -The column continued its line of march, passing a settlement, the first -dwelling I had seen in five days. I called at the gate; receiving no -answer, I walked into the porch; the door being ajar, I pushed it open -and found an empty room, with the exception of a wooden bench, and an -old-fashioned, home-made primitive empty bedstead, with cords serving to -support the bedding that the owners had hurriedly removed before our -arrival. I called again. Presently a young woman presented herself. -After passing greetings of the day I asked, "Where are the folks?" She -said, "They are not here," (the surroundings indicated a hasty exit). I -said, "So I see. Where are they?" She said she did not know, undoubtedly -not willing to divulge. "Who lives here?" "Mr. Snider." "And you don't -know where he is?" "No, he heard you all were coming, and not being in -sympathy with you all, he left." "Well, he ought not to have done so, -nobody would have harmed him or hurt a hair on his head. He is entitled -to his opinion, as long as he does not take up arms against us." So I -recounted the accident that had befallen me, and wanted to replenish my -provisions. I asked if I could buy something to eat. She said, "There -are no provisions in the house", "Well, I hope you would not object to -my making a fire in this fire-place to dry myself." She said she had no -objection. It must be remembered that the fire-places in those days were -very roomy indeed. I found wood on the woodpile, and soon had a roaring -fire. It was late in the evening, and I intended to pass that night -under shelter, for I was chilled to the bone. In moving the bench in -front of the fire, on which to spread my jacket to dry, I noticed a pail -covered, and full of fresh milk, "Well, you can sell me some of that -milk, can't you?" She said, "You can have all you want for nothing." I -thanked her and said I wish I had some meal and I could well make out. -She said, "I will see if I can find any", and presently she returned -with sufficient to make myself a large hoe-cake. I baked the same on an -old shovel. While it was baking my clothes were drying on my body, -affording a luxuriant steam bath. I had a tin cup. I drank some of the -milk and had a plentiful repast. I handed her a quarter of a dollar to -pay for the meal, which she accepted with some hesitancy. All at once -the girl disappeared and left me in charge. It was most dark, when -someone hollowed at the gate; recognizing the voices, I found them to be -two men of my Company, viz., G. A. Tarbutton and J. A. Roberson. I met -them and invited them in. To tell the truth, I did not much like the -mysterious surroundings of those premises, especially as the girl asked -me not to divulge that she let me have some meal. - -My comrades and self took in the situation; we conferred with one -another and agreed to spend the night under shelter in a warm room, a -luxury not enjoyed in some time and not to be abandoned. They had -informed me that the Column had encamped less than a quarter of a mile -beyond and they had returned to this place in search of some Apple Jack. -We concluded to take it by turns, while two of us are asleep, the third -will stand guard and keep up the fire, for the reader must know that -notwithstanding the season, the nights were very cold in those mountain -regions and were especially so with wet garments on. - -The following morning my comrades left, but before leaving we disposed -of the milk in the pail. I remained in the hope of again seeing my -charming hostess, and induce her to sell me some provisions for my -journey along. I saw in the woods, some old hens scratching, and I -thought I might persuade her to sell me one. Presently she came with a -plate of ham, chicken and biscuits which she offered me. I accepted, and -not wishing to embarrass her, did not ask any questions. Presently, old -man Snider appeared. He was a fine looking specimen of manhood, had a -ruddy complexion and appeared physically Herculean. After exchanging a -little commonplace talk, he followed me to where the boys camped. He was -seemingly astonished to see so many gentlemen among the so-called savage -rebels. I asked him if he could induce his daughter to bake me a -chicken, he answered, "I suppose I could." "What will it be worth?" -"Half a dollar" he guessed. I gave him the money and he said he would -bring me the chicken, which he did, and it was a fine one, well cooked. - -The people in that thinly populated section of the country lived a very -primitive life, they were mostly ignorant. They did their own work, had -plenty to live on, owned no negroes and were very kind-hearted after you -got acquainted. They had strange notions about the Rebels, thinking we -were terrible fellows. The original settlers of Northwestern Virginia -were Dutch, a very simple and hard-working honest people. - -At about three o'clock in the afternoon, having had a long rest, we -again took up the line of march by short stages, still under the -guidance of one of our guides, and from that day on, we continued our -march, passing Cheat Mountain, Allegheny Mountains, until finally we -reached McDowell. Coming down Cheat Mountain, the boys were treated to a -strange sight, especially those who were raised in a low country and who -had never seen any mountains, for in those days there was not much -traveling done, and the majority of the people did not often venture -away from their homes. - -The little village of Huttensville lies just at the foot of Cheat -Mountain, a mountain of great altitude. The houses below us did not -appear to be larger than bird cages, but plainly in view, first to the -right and then to the left, as the pike would tack, the mountain being -very steep. It was a lovely day, the sun had risen in all its splendor, -when as if by magic, our view below us was obscured by what seemed to be -a very heavy fog, and we lost sight of the little village. Still the sun -was shining warm, and as we were going down hill it was easy going, and -as we approached the village, the veil that had obscured our view lifted -itself and the people reported to have experienced one of the heaviest -storms in their lives, the proof of which we noticed in the mud and -washouts which were visible, while we who were above the clouds did not -receive a single drop. - - - - -CHAPTER VI. - - -At McDowell we formed a reunion with the rest of our forces, who in -their flight made a long detour, passing through a portion of Maryland -adjoining that part of West Virginia. The following evening we had dress -parade and the Adjutant's report of those who were missing. The writer -does not remember the entire casualties of that affair, but found that -his little squad of twenty-one were all present or accounted for. - -My friend, Eagle, from whom we hired teams to carry us to Laurel Hill -was present and he came to shake hands with me while we were in line; he -was glad to see me. A general order to disband the regiment for ten days -was read, in order to enable the men to seek the needed rest. Mr. Eagle -came to me at once, saying, "I take care of you and your friends, the -twenty-one that I hauled to Laurel Hill, at my house. It shall not cost -you a cent", a most generous and acceptable offer. I called for my -Davisboro fellows, and followed Mr. Eagle to his home, where he -entertained us in a most substantial manner. He was a man well-to-do, an -old bachelor. The household consisted of himself and two spinster -sisters, all between forty and fifty years of age; and a worthy mother -in the seventies, also a brother who was a harmless lune, roving at will -and coming home when he pleased, a very inoffensive creature; his name -was Chris. The mother, although for years in that country, still could -not talk the English language. Untiringly and seemingly in the best of -mood, they performed their duties in preparing meals for that hungry -army. Chris got kinder mystified to see so many strangers in the house. -He walked about the premises all day, saying, "Whoo-p-e-ee Soldiers -fighting against the war", and no matter what you asked him, his reply -was, "Whoo-o-p-e-ee, Soldiers fighting against the war-ha-ha-ha-ha!" - -At the expiration of the ten days leave, we bade our host good-bye. We -wanted to remunerate him, at least in part, for all of his trouble in -our behalf, but he would not receive the least remuneration, saying, "I -am sorry I could not have done more." We rendezvoused in the town, but a -great many were missing on account of sickness, the measles of a very -virulent nature having broken out among the men, and many succumbed from -the disease. We were ordered back to Monterey and went into camp. The -measles still continued to be prevalent and two of my Davisboro comrades -died of it, viz., John Lewis and Noah Turner, two as clever boys as ever -were born. I felt very sad over the occurrence. Their bodies were sent -home and they were buried at New Hope Church. - -General R. E. Lee, rode up one day, and we were ordered in line for -inspection, he was riding a dapple gray horse. He looked every inch a -soldier. His countenance had a very paternal and kind expression. He was -clean shaven, with the exception of a heavy iron gray mustache. He -complimented us for our soldiery bearing. He told Captain Jones that he -never saw a finer set of men. We camped at Monterey for a month. During -all this time, when the people at home became aware of our disaster, -they at once went to work to make up uniforms and other kinds of wearing -apparels. Every woman that could ply a needle exerted herself, and -before we left Monterey for Green Brier, Major Newman, who always a -useful and patriotic citizen, made his appearance among the boys, with -the product of the patriotic women of Washington County. Every man was -remembered munificently, and it is due to the good women of the county -that we were all comfortably shod and clothed to meet the rigorous -climate of a winter season in that wild region. - - - - -CHAPTER VII. - - -While still in camps at Monterey, the Fourteenth Georgia Regiment, on -their way to Huntersville, with a Company of our County, under command -of Captain Bob Harmon, encamped close to us. The boys were glad to meet -and intermingled like brothers. A day or so after we were ordered to -move to Green Brier at the foot of the Allegheny and Cheat Mountains, -the enemy occupying the latter, under general Reynolds. - -Our picket lines extended some three miles beyond our encampment, while -the enemy's also extended to several miles beyond their encampment, -leaving a neutral space unoccupied by either forces. Often -reconnoitering parties would meet beyond the pickets and exchange shots, -and often pickets were killed at their posts by an enemy slipping up -through the bushes unaware to the victim. I always considered such as -willful murder. - -It became my time to go on picket; the post assigned to me was on the -banks of the River, three miles beyond our camps. The night before one -of our men was shot from across the River. Usually three men were -detailed to perform that duty, so that they can divide watch every two -hours, one to guard and two to sleep, if such was possible. On that -occasion the guard was doubled and six men were detailed, and while four -lay on the ground in blankets, two were on the lookout. The post we -picked out was under a very large oak; in our immediate rear was a corn -field the corn of which was already appropriated by the cavalry. The -field was surrounded by a low fence and the boys at rest lay in the -fence corners. It was a bright starlight September night, no moon -visible, but one could distinguish an object some distance beyond. I was -on the watch. It was about eleven P. M., when through the still night, I -heard foot-steps and the breaking of corn stalks. I listened intently, -and the noise ceased. Presently I heard it again; being on the alert, -and so was my fellow-watchman, we cautiously awoke the men who were -happy in the arms of Morpheus, not even dreaming of any danger besetting -their surroundings. I whispered to them to get ready quietly, that we -heard the approach of someone walking in our front. The guns which were -in reach beside them were firmly grasped. We listened and watched, in a -stooping position, when the noise started again, yet a little more -pronounced and closer. We were ready to do our duty. I became impatient -at the delay, and not wishing to be taken by surprise, I thought I would -surprise somebody myself, so took my musket at a trail, crept along the -fence to reconnoiter, while my comrades kept their position. When -suddenly appeared ahead of me a white object, apparently a shirt bosom. -I cocked my gun, but my target disappeared, and I heard a horse -snorting. On close inspection, I found that it was a loose horse -grazing, and what I took for a shirt bosom was his pale face, which -sometimes showed, when erect, then disappeared while grazing. I returned -and reported, to the great relief of us all. Heretofore, men on guard at -the outpost would fire their guns on hearing any unusual noise and thus -alarming the army, which at once would put itself in readiness for -defense, only to find out that it was a false alarm and that they were -needlessly disturbed. Such occurrences happened too often, therefore a -general order was read that any man that would fire his gun needlessly -and without good cause, or could not give a good reason for doing so -would be court-martialed and dealt with accordingly. Therefore, the -writer was especially careful not to violate these orders. - -[Illustration: A Picket Shot While on Duty, Nothing Short of Murder.] - -At another time it became again my lot to go on vidette duty. This time -it was three miles in the opposite direction in the rear of the camp in -the Allegheny, in a Northwesterly direction, in a perfect wilderness, an -undergrowth of a virgin forest. It was a very gloomy evening the clouds -being low. A continual mist was falling. It was in the latter part of -September. We were placed in a depressed piece of ground surrounded by -mountains. The detail consisted of Walker Knight, Alfred Barnes and -myself. Corporal Renfroe, whose duty was to place us in position, gave -us the following instructions and returned to camp: "Divide your time as -usual, no fire allowed, shoot anyone approaching without challenge." -Night was falling fast, and in a short while there was Egyptian -darkness. We could not even see our hands before our eyes. There was a -small spruce pine, the stem about five inches in diameter, with its -limbs just above our heads. We placed ourselves under it as a protection -from the mist, and in case it would rain. All at once, we heard a -terrible yell, just such as a wild cat might send forth, only many times -louder. This was answered it seemed like, from every direction. Barnes -remarked "What in the world is that?" I said, "Panthers, it looks like -the woods are full of them." The panthers, from what we learned from -inhabitants are dangerous animals, and often attack man, being a feline -species, they can see in the dark. I said, "There is no sleep for us, -let us form a triangle, back to back against this tree, so in case of an -attack, we are facing in every direction." Not being able to see, our -guns and bayonets were useless, and we took our pocket knives in hand in -case of an attack at close quarters. The noise of these beasts kept up a -regular chorus all night long, and we would have preferred to meet a -regiment of the enemy than to be placed in such a position. We were all -young and inexperienced. I was the oldest, and not more than -twenty-three years old. Walker Knight said, "Boys, I can't stand it any -longer, I am going back to camp." I said, "Walker, would you leave your -post to be court-martialed, and reported as a coward? Then, you would -not find the way back, this dark night, and be torn up before you would -get there. Here, we can protect each other." Occasionally we heard dry -limbs on the ground, crack, as if someone walking on them. This was -rather close quarters to be comfortable, especially when one could not -see at all. There we stood, not a word was spoken above a whisper, when -we heard a regular snarl close by, then Barnes said, "What is that?" I -said, "I expect it is a bear." All this conversation was in the lowest -whisper; to tell the truth, it was the worst night I ever passed, and my -friend Knight, even now says that he could feel his hair on his head -stand straight up. - -My dear reader, don't you believe we were glad when day broke on us? It -was seemingly the longest night I ever spent, and so say my two -comrades. - -The country from Monterey to Cheat Mountain was not inhabited, with the -exception of a tavern on top of the Allegheny, where travelers might -find refreshments for man and beast. The enemy often harassed us with -scouting parties, and attacking isolated posts. To check these -maneuvres, we did the same; so one evening, Lieutenant Dawson of the -Twelfth Georgia Regiment, Captain Willis Hawkins' Company from Sumter -County, and which regiment formed a contingent part of our forces at -Green Brier River, came to me saying, "Hermann, I want you tonight." He -was a fearless scout, a kind of warfare that suited his taste, and he -always called on me on such occasions. And after my last picket -experience, I was only too willing to go with him, as it relieved me -from army duty the day following, and I preferred that kind of -excitement to standing guard duty. - -We left at dark, and marched about four miles, towards the enemy's camp -to Cheat River, a rather narrow stream to be a river. A wooden bridge -spanned the stream. We halted this side. On our right was a steep -mountain, the turn pike or road rounded it nearly at its base. The -mountain side was covered with flat loose rocks of all sizes, averaging -all kinds of thickness. By standing some on their edge, and propping -them with another rock, afforded fine protection against minnie balls. -In this manner we placed ourselves in position behind this improvised -breastworks. - -The mot d'ordre was not to fire until the command was given. We were ten -in number, and the understanding was to fire as we lay, so as to hit as -many as possible. At about ten o'clock P. M. we heard the enemy crossing -the bridge, their horses's hoofs were muffled so as to make a noiseless -crossing, and take our pickets by surprise. They came within fifty yards -of us and halted in Column. Lieutenant Dawson commanded the man next to -him to pass it up the line to make ready to shoot, when he commanded in -a loud voice, "Fire!" Instantly, as per one crack of a musket, all of us -fired, and consternation reigned among the enemy's ranks; those that -could get away stampeded across the bridge. We did not leave our -position until day. When we saw the way was clear, we gathered them up, -took care of the wounded and buried the dead--several of our shots were -effective. On the 3rd of October, they made an attack on us in full -force, and while they drove in our pickets, we had ample time to prepare -to give them a warm reception. - -The following is a description of the battle ground and a description of -our forces: - -On the extreme right, in an open meadow, not far from the banks of the -river, was the First Georgia Regiment, lying flat on the grass; to the -immediate left and rear was a battery of four guns, on a mount -immediately confronting the turn pike, and fortified by breastworks, and -supported by the Forty-fourth Virginia Regiment, commanded by Colonel -Scott; further to left, across the road was a masked battery, with -abatis in front, Captain Anderson commanding, and supported by the Third -Arkansas Regiment and the Twelfth Georgia Regiment, commanded by -Colonels Rusk and Johnston respectively. As the enemy came down the -turn pike, the battery on our left, commanding that position, opened on -them, the enemy from across the river responded with alacrity, and there -was a regular artillery duel continuously. Their infantry filed to their -left, extending their line beyond that of the First Georgia, they -followed the edge of the stream at the foot of the mountain. We detached -two Companies from the Regiment further to our right, to extend our -line. They were not more than two hundred yards in front. The balance of -the regiment lay low in its position; the order was to shoot low, and -not before we could see the white of their eyes. - -The enemy would fire on us continually, but the balls went over us and -did no damage. While maneuvring thus on our right, they made a vigorous -attack on Anderson's battery, but were repulsed with heavy loss. Late in -the afternoon they withdrew. Our casualties were very small, and that of -the enemy considerable. - -Colonel Ramsey, who, early that morning went out on an inspection tour, -dismounted for some cause, his horse came into camp without a rider, and -we gave him up for lost, but later, a little before dark, he came in -camp, to the great rejoicing of the regiment, for we all loved him. -General Henry R. Jackson was our commander at that time, and soon -afterwards was transferred South. - -The enemy had all the advantage by the superiority of their arms, while -ours were muzzle loaders, carrying balls but a very short distance; -theirs were long range, hence we could not reach them only at close -quarters. A very amusing instant was had during their desultory firing. -The air was full of a strange noise; it did not sound like the hiss of a -minnie-ball, nor like that of a cannon ball. It was clearly audible all -along the line of the First Georgia; the boys could not help tucking -their heads. The next day some of the men picked up a ram rod at the -base of a tree where it struck broadside, and curved into a half circle. -It was unlike any we had, and undoubtedly the fellow forgot to draw it -out of the gun, fired it at us, and this was the strange sound we heard -which made us dodge. A few nights later, a very dark night, we sent out -a strong detachment, under Command of Colonel Talliaferro to cut off -their pickets, which extended to Slavins Cabin (an old abandoned log -house). To cross the river we put wagons in the run; a twelve inch plank -connected the wagons and served as a bridge. On the other side of the -river was a torch bearer, holding his torch so that the men could see -how to cross. The torch blinded me, and instead of looking ahead, I -looked down. It seemed that the men with the torch shifted the light, -casting the shadow of a connecting plank to the right, when instead of -stepping on the plank, I stepped on the shadow, and down in the water I -went (rather a cold bath in October) and before morning, my clothing was -actually frozen. In crossing Cheat River Bridge, the road tacked to the -left, making a sudden turn, which ran parallel with the same road under -it. The head of the column having reached there, the rear thinking them -to be enemies, fired into them. Haply no one was hurt before the mistake -was discovered, but the enemy got notice of our approach by the firing, -and had withdrawn, so the expedition was for naught. We were back in -camp about eight o'clock the following morning. - -At the latter end of the month Colonel Edward Johnson concluded to -attack General Reynolds in his stronghold on Cheat Mountain. - -The Third Arkansas Regiment, under command of Colonel Rusk, was detached -and sent to the rear, taking a long detour a couple of days ahead, and -making demonstrations, while the main force would attack them in front. -Colonel Rusk was to give the signal for attack. Early in the night we -sent out a large scouting party to attack their pickets, and drive them -in. Lieutenant Dawson was in command. Early that day we started with all -the forces up Cheat Mountain, a march of twelve miles. During the -progress of our march the advance guard having performed what was -assigned them to do, returned by a settlement road running parallel with -the turn pike for some distance, when of a sudden, balls were hissing -among us and some of the men were hit. The fire was returned at once, -and flanker drawn out whose duty it was to march on the flank of the -column, some twenty paces by its side, keeping a sharp lookout. I -mistook the order, and went down into the woods as a scout, the firing -still going on, and I was caught between them both. I hugged close to -the ground keeping a sharp lookout to my right. When I recognized the -Company's uniform, and some of my own men, I hollowed at them to stop -firing, that they were shooting our own men, when they hollowed, "Hurrah -for Jeff Davis," when from above, Colonel Johnson responded, "Damn lies, -boys, pop it to them," when Weaver Jones stuck a white handkerchief on -his bayonet and the firing ceased. Sergeant P. R. Talliaferro was hit -in the breast by a spent ball. Weaver had a lock of his hair just above -his ear cut off as though it had been shaved off. One man was wounded -and bled to death, another was wounded and recovered. Such mistakes -happened often in our lines for the lack of sound military knowledge. - -The man that bled to death was from the Dahlonega Guards. He said while -dying, that he would not mind being killed by an enemy's bullet, but to -be killed by his own friends is too bad. Everything was done that could -be done for the poor fellow, but of no avail. - -The column advanced to a plateau, overlooking the enemy's camp. We -placed our guns in battery, waiting for the Rusk signal, which was never -given; we waited until four o'clock P. M. and retraced our steps without -firing a gun. We saw their lines of fortification and their flags flying -from a bastion, but not a soul was visible. We thought Reynolds had -given us the slip and that we would find him in our rear and in our camp -before we could get back, so we double quicked at a fox trot, until we -reached our quarters in the early part of the night. - -Colonel Rusk came in two days afterward, and reported that his venture -was impracticable. Cold winter was approaching with rapid strides and -rations were not to the entire satisfaction of our men. The beef that -was issued to us, although very fine, had become a monotonous diet, and -the men longed for something else, they had become satiated with it, so -I proposed to Captain Jones that if he would report me accounted for in -his report, that I would go over to Monterey and McDowell on a foraging -expedition, and bring provisions for the Company. He said he would, but -I must not get him into trouble, for the orders were that no permits be -issued for anyone to leave camp and that all passes, if any be issued, -must be countersigned by Captain Anderson, who was appointed Commander -of the post. We still were without tents for they were captured by the -enemy at Carricks Ford, and we sheltered ourselves the best we could -with the blankets we had received from home. The snow had fallen during -the night to the depth of eight inches, and it was a strange sight to -see the whole camp snowed under, (literally speaking). When morning -approached, the writer while not asleep, was not entirely aroused. He -lay there under his blanket, a gentle perspiration was oozing from every -pore of his skin, when suddenly, he aroused himself, and rose up. Not a -man was to be seen, the hillocks of snow, however, showed where they -lay, so I hollowed, "look at the snow." Like jumping out of the graves, -the men pounced up in a jiffy, they were wrestling and snowballing and -rubbing each other with it. After having performed all the duties -devolving upon me that afternoon, I started up the Allegheny where some -members of my Company with others, were detailed, building winter -quarters. Every carpenter in the whole command was detailed for that -purpose. - - - - -CHAPTER VIII. - - -When some three miles beyond camps, I noted a little smoke arising as I -approached. I noted that it was the outpost. My cap was covered with an -oil cloth, and I had an overcoat with a cape, such as officers wore; -hence the guard could not tell whether I was a private, corporal or a -general. I noticed that they had seen me approach. One of them advanced -to the road to challenge me, but I spoke first. I knew it was against -the orders to have a fire at the outpost on vidette duty so I said, "Who -told you to have a fire? Put out that fire, sirs, don't you know it is -strictly prohibited?"--"What is your name--what Company do you belong -to, and what is your regiment?" all of which was answered. I took my -little note book and pencil, and made an entry, or at least made a bluff -in this direction, and said, "You'll hear from me again." I had the poor -fellow scared pretty badly, and they never even made any demand on me to -find out who I was. They belonged to Colonel Scott's regiments. The -bluff worked like a charm, and I marched on. When about six miles from -camp, I was pretty tired, walking in the snow and up-hill. I saw -General Henry R. Jackson, and Major B. L. Blum, coming along in a -jersey wagon. The General asked me where I was going,--it was my time to -get a little scared. I answered that I was going on top the Allegheny -where they built winter quarters. "Get in the wagon, you can ride, we -are going that way." I thanked them; undoubtedly the General thought -that I was detailed to go there and to assist in that work. This is the -last I saw of General Jackson in that country. - -Among the men I found Tom Tyson, Richard Hines, William Roberson -(surnamed "Crusoe"). I spent the night with them in a cabin they had -built and the following morning I took an early start down the mountain -toward Monterey. It had continued to snow all the night and it lay to -the depth of twelve inches. I could only follow the road by the opening -distance of the tree tops, and which sometimes was misleading. I passed -the half-way house, known as the tavern, about 9 o'clock A. M. Four -hundred yards beyond, going in an oblique direction at an angle of about -45 degrees, I saw a large bear going through the woods; he was a fine -specimen, his fur was as black as coal. I approximate his size as about -between three hundred and four hundred pounds. He turned his head and -looked at me and stopped. I at once halted, bringing my musket to a -trail. I was afraid to fire for fear of missing my mark, my musket being -inaccurate, so I reserved my fire for closer quarters, the bear being at -least fifty yards from me, and he followed his course in a walk. I was -surprised and said to myself,--"Old fellow, if you let me alone, I -surely will not bother you." - -I watched him 'till he was out of my sight. My reason for not shooting -him was two-fold; first, I was afraid I might miss him, and my gun being -a muzzle loader, the distance between us was too short, and he would -have been on me before I could have reloaded, so I reserved my fire, -expecting to get in closer proximity. I was agreeably surprised when he -continued his journey. When I came to Monterey that afternoon, I told -some of its citizens what a narrow escape I had. They smiled and said -"Bears seldom attack human, unless in very great extremities, but I did -well not to have shot unless I was sure that I would have killed him, -for a wounded bear would stop the flow of blood with his fur, by tapping -himself on the wound, and face his antagonist, and I could have been -sure he would have gotten the best of me." - -From Monterey I went over to McDowell, fourteen miles, to see my friend -Eagle and his brother-in-law, Sanders, he that made the twelve Yankees -run by running in front of them. I stated my business and invoked their -assistance, which they cheerfully extended. In about three days, we had -about as much as a four horse team could pull. - -Provisions sold cheap. One could buy a fine turkey for fifty cents, a -chicken for fifteen to twenty cents, butter twelve and one-half cents -and everything else in proportion. Apples were given me for the -gathering of them. Bacon and hams for seven to eight cents per pound, -the finest cured I ever tasted. - -The people in these regions lived bountifully, and always had an -abundance to spare. Mr. Eagle furnished the team and accompanied me to -camp, free of charge. Money was a scarce article at that time among the -boys; the government was several months in arrear with our pay, but we -expected to be paid off daily, so Mr. Eagle said he would be responsible -to the parties that furnished the provisions, and the Company could pay -him when we got our money; he was one of the most liberal and patriotic -men that it was my pleasure to meet during the war. - -Four days later, Captain Jones received our money. I kept a record of -all the provisions furnished to each man, and the captain deducted the -amount from each. I wrote Eagle to come up and get his money; he came, -and received every cent that was due him. - -But I must not omit an incident that occurred when near our camp with -the load of provisions. I had to pass hard by the Twelfth Georgia -Regiment, which was camped on the side of the turn pike, when some of the -men who were as anxious for a change of diet as we were, came to me and -proposed to buy some of my provisions. I stated that they were sold and -belonged to Company E, First Regiment, and that I could not dispose of -them. Some Smart-Aleks, such as one may find among any gathering of men, -proposed to charge the wagon and appropriate its contents by force. -Seeing trouble ahead, I drew my pistol, when about a dozen men ran out -with their guns. Eagle turned pale, he thought his time had come, when a -Lieutenant interfered, asking the cause of the disturbance, which I -stated. He said, "Men, none of that, back with those guns." He mounted -the wagon and accompanied us to my camp, which was a few hundred yards -beyond. - - - - -CHAPTER IX. - - -Once later, I was called out for fatigue duty. I said, "Corporal, what -is to be done?" He answered, "To cut wood for the blacksmith shop." I -replied, "You had better get someone else who knows how, I never cut a -stick in my life," he said, "You are not too old to learn how." This was -conclusive, so he furnished me with an axe, and we marched into the -woods, and he said he would be back directly with a wagon to get the -wood and he left me. I was looking about me to find a tree, not too -large, one that I thought I could manage. I spied a sugar maple about -eight inches in diameter. I sent my axe into it, but did not take my cut -large enough to reach the center, when it came down to a feather edge -and I did not have judgment enough to know how to enlarge my cut by -cutting from above, so I started a new cut from the right, another from -the left, bringing the center to a pivot of about three inches in -diameter, as solid as the Rock of Gibraltar; finally, by continuous -hacking, I brought it to a point where I could push it back and forth. -The momentum finally broke the center, but in place of falling, the top -lodged in a neighboring tree, and I could not dislodge it. I worked -hard, the perspiration ran down my face, my hands were lacerated, I -finally got mad, and sent the axe a-glimmering, and it slid under the -snow. After awhile my corporal came for the wood; "Where is the wood?" I -showed him the tree; "Is that all you have done?" I could not restrain -any longer, I said, "Confound you, I told you I did not know anything -about cutting wood." "Where is the axe?" We looked everywhere but could -not find it; it must have slid under the snow and left no trace, so he -arrested me and conducted me before Colonel Edward Johnson, a West -Pointer, in command of the post. He was at his desk writing; turning to -face us, he addressed himself to me, who stood there, cap in hand, while -the Corporal stood there with his kept on his head. "What can I do for -you?" I said, looking at the Corporal. "He has me under arrest and -brought me here." Looking at the corporal the Colonel said, "Pull off -your hat, sir, when you enter officers' quarters." (I would not have -taken a dollar for that). The Corporal pulled off his cap. "What have -you arrested him for?" The Corporal answered that I was regularly -detailed to cut wood for the blacksmith shop, and that I failed to do my -duty, and lost the axe he furnished me. "Why did you not cut the wood?" -said the Colonel. "I tried," said I, "I told him that I had never cut -any wood and did not know how; where I came from there are no woods. -Look at my hands." They were badly blistered and lacerated. The Colonel -cursed out the Corporal as an imbecile, for not getting someone who was -used to such work. I told the Colonel how hard I had tried and what I -had done. The Colonel smiled and said, "What did you do with the axe?"; -"When the tree lodged and I could not budge it, I got mad and made a -swing or two with the axe, and let her slide; it must have slid under -the snow, and we could not find it." "What have you done for a living?" -"After I quit school, I clerked in a store." "Can you write?" "Oh, yes!" -"Let me see." "My hand is too sore and hurt now." "Well, come around -tomorrow, I may get you a job here." - -Next day I called at his quarters, and he put me to copying some -documents and reports, which I did to his satisfaction. I had warm -quarters and was relieved from camp duties for a little while. - -This brings us to about the middle of December, and we were ordered to -Winchester. Colonel Johnson with his Regiment and a small force, was -left in charge of the Winter Quarters on the Allegheny, so I took leave -of him to join my Company. - -Colonel Johnson, while a little brusk in his demeanor, was a clever, -social gentleman, and a good fighter, which he proved to be when the -enemy made a night descent on him and took him by surprise. He rallied -his men, barefooted in the snow, knee-deep, thrashed out the enemy and -held the fort; he was promoted to General and was afterwards known as -the Allegheny Johnson. - -My Command having preceded me, I went to Staunton, where I met J. T. -Youngblood, Robert Parnelle and others from my Company. I also met -Lieutenant B. D. Evans of my Company, just returned from a visit from -home. We took the stage coach from Stanton to Winchester through Kanawah -Valley. We passed Woodstock, Strasburg, New Market, Middletown, and -arrived at Winchester in due time. General T. J. Jackson in command, we -had a splendid camp about a mile to the left of the city. The weather -had greatly moderated and the snow was melting. The regiment had -received tents to which we built chimneys with flat rocks that were -abundant all around us. The flour barrels served as chimney stacks, and -we were comfortable; rations were also good and plentiful, but hardly -were we installed when we received orders to strike camps. The men were -greatly disappointed; we expected to be permitted to spend winter there. -We took up the line of march late in the evening, marched all night and -struck Bath early in the morning, took the enemy by surprise while they -were fixing their morning meal, which they left, and the boys regaled -themselves. The Commissary and Quartermaster also left a good supply -behind in their rapid flight, and we appropriated many provisions, -shoes, blankets and overcoats; from Bath we marched to Hancock, whipped -out a small force of the enemy, and continued our force to Romney where -we struck camps. Romney is a small town situated on the other side of -the Potomac River. General Jackson demanded the surrender of the place, -the enemy refused, so he ordered the non-combatants to leave, as he -would bombard the town. Bringing up a large cannon which we called "Long -Tom" owing to its size, he fired one round and ordered us to fall back. -All this was during Christmas week. - -On our return it turned very cold and sleeted; the road became slick -and frozen, and not being prepared for the emergency, I saw mules, -horses and men take some of the hardest falls, as we retraced our steps, -the road being down grade. This short campaign was a success and -accomplished all it intended from a military standpoint, although we -lost many men from exposure; pneumonia was prevalent among many of our -men. We have now returned to Winchester. The writer himself, at that -time, thought that this campaign was at a great sacrifice of lives from -hardships and exposures, but later on, learned that it was intended as a -check to enable General Lee in handling his forces against an -overwhelming force of the enemy, and being still reinforced and whose -battle cry still was "On to Richmond." It was for this reason that -General "Stonewall" Jackson threatened Washington via Romney and the -enemy had to recall their reinforcements intended against General Lee to -protect Washington. - -The men from the Southern States were not used to such rigorous climate -and many of our men had to succumb from exposure. My Company lost three -men from pneumonia, viz:--Sam and Richard Hines, two splendid soldiers, -and brothers, and Lorenzo Medlock. The writer also was incapacitated. -There were no preparations in Winchester for such contingencies, so the -churches were used as hospitals. The men were packed in the pews wrapped -in their blankets, others were lying on the nasty humid floor, for it -must be remembered that the streets in Winchester were perfect lobbies -of dirt and snow tramped over by men, horses and vehicles. While there -in that condition I had the good fortune to be noted by one of my -regiment, he was tall and of herculean form, his name was Griswold, and -while he and myself on a previous occasion had some misunderstanding and -therefore not on speaking terms, he came to me and extended his hand, -saying: "Let us be friends, we have hard times enough without adding to -it." I was too sick to talk, but extended my hand, in token of having -buried the hatchet. He asked me if he could do anything for me. I shook -my head and shut my eyes. I was very weak. When I opened them he was -gone. During the day he returned, saying: "I found a better place for -you at a private house." He wrapped me in my blanket and carried me on -his shoulders a distance of over three blocks. Mrs. Mandelbawm, the lady -of the house, had a nice comfortable room prepared for me, and Griswold -waited on me like a brother, he was a powerful man, but very overbearing -at times, but had a good heart. Mr. Mandelbawm sent their family -physician, who prescribed for me. He pronounced me very sick, he did not -know how it might terminate. It took all his efforts and my -determination to get well after three weeks struggling to accomplish -this end. My friend came to see me daily when off duty. - -The regiment's term of enlistment will soon have expired, for we only -enlisted for one year. The regiment received marching order, not being -strong enough for duty. Through the recommendation of my doctor and -regimental color, I was discharged and sent home. The regiment had been -ordered to Tennessee, but owing to a wreck on the road they were -disbanded at Petersburg, Va., and the boys arrived home ten days later -than I. - -In getting my transportation the Quartermaster asked me to deliver a -package to General Beaureguard as I would pass via Manassas Junction. -When I arrived I inquired for his quarters, when I was informed that he -had left for Centreville, I followed to that place, when I was told he -had left for Richmond. Arriving at Richmond I went at once to the -Executive Department in quest of him and should I fail to find him, -would leave my package there, which I did. This was on Saturday evening, -I had not a copper in money with me, but I had my pay roll; going at -once to the Treasury Department, to my utter consternation, I found it -closed. A very affable gentlemen informed me that the office was closed -until Monday morning. I said, "What am I to do, I have not a cent of -money in my pocket and no baggage," for at that time hotels had adopted -a rule that guests without baggage would have to pay in advance. I -remarked that I could not stay out in the streets, so the gentleman -pulled a $10.00 bill out of his pocket and handed it to me saying, "Will -that do you until Monday morning, 8 o'clock? When the office will be -open, everything will be all right." I thanked him very kindly. Monday I -presented my bill which was over six months in arrears. They paid it at -once in Alabama State bills, a twenty-five cent silver and two cents -coppers. I did not question the correctness of their calculation. I took -the money and went in quest of my friend who so kindly advanced me the -$10.00. I found him sitting at a desk. He was very busy. I handed him a -$10.00 bill and again thanked him for his kindness; he refused it -saying: "Never mind, you are a long ways from home and may need it." I -replied that I had enough to make out without it, I said that I -appreciated it, but didn't like to take presents from strangers; he -said, "We are no strangers, my name is Juda P. Benjamin." Mr. Benjamin -was at that time Secretary of the Treasury of the Confederate States. He -was an eminent lawyer from the State of Louisiana, he became later on -Secretary of War, and when Lee surrendered he escaped to England to -avoid the wrath of the Federal Officials who offered a premium for his -capture. He became Queen's Consul in England and his reputation became -international. No American who was stranded ever appealed to him in -vain, especially those from the South. It is said of him that he gave -away fortunes in charity. - -I came back to Georgia among my friends who were proud to see me. Having -no near relations, such as father or mother, sisters or brothers to -welcome me, as had my comrades, my friends all over the County took -pride in performing that duty, and thus ended my first year's experience -as a soldier in the war between the States. - - - - -CHAPTER X. - - -Notwithstanding the arduous campaign and severe hardships endured during -my first year's service, I did not feel the least depressed in spirit or -patriotism. On the contrary the arms of the Confederacy in the main had -proven themselves very successful in repelling the enemy's attacks and -forcing that government continually to call new levees to crush our -forces in the field. - -Those measures on the part of our adversaries appealed to every patriot -at home and regardless of hardships already endured. Hence the First -Georgia Regiment although disbanded as an organization, the rank and -file had sufficient pluck to re-enter the service for the period of the -war regardless as to how long it might last. Possessing some hard -endured experience, many of them organized commands of their own, or -joined other commands as subalterns or commissioned officers. - -The following is a roll of promotion from the members of the Washington -Rifles as first organized.--See Appendix D. - -The foregoing record proves that the Washington Rifles were composed of -men capable of handling forces and that it had furnished men and -officers in every branch of service in the Confederate States Army, and -had been active after their return home from their first year's -experience in raising no little army themselves, and what I have -recorded of the Washington Rifles may be written of every Company -composing the First Georgia Regiment. - -The State of Georgia furnished more men than any other State, and -Washington County furnished more Companies than any other County in the -State. - -Such men cannot be denominated as rebels or traitors, epithets that our -enemies would fain have heaped upon us. If the true history of the -United States as written before the war and adopted in every -school-house in the land, North, South, East and West, did not -demonstrate them as patriots, ready and willing to sacrifice all but -honor on the altar of their country. - -On the first of May, 1862, Sergeant E. P. Howell came to me saying: -"Herman, how would you like to help me make up an artillery Company? I -have a relative in South Carolina who is a West Pointer and understands -that branch of the service. The Yankees are making tremendous efforts -for new levees and we, of the South, have to meet them." "All right," -said I, "I am tired after my experience with infantry, having gone -through with 'Stonewall's' foot cavalry in his Romney campaign." The -following day we made a tour in the neighborhood and enlisted a few of -our old comrades in our enterprise. We put a notice in the Herald, a -weekly paper edited by J. M. G. Medlock, that on the 10th day of May we -would meet in Sandersville for organization, and then and there we -formed an artillery Company that was to be known as the Sam Robinson -Artillery Company, in honor of an old and venerable citizen of our -County. - -General Robinson, in appreciation of our having named the Company in his -honor presented the organization with $1,000.00, which money was applied -in uniforming us. - -The following members formed the composite of said Company, and Robert -Martin, known as "Bob Martin" from Barnwell, S. C., was elected Captain. -See appendix E. - -The writer was appointed bugler with rank of Sergeant. - -That night after supper, it being moon-light, Mr. A. J. Linville a North -Carolinian, a school teacher boarding at my lodging proposed to me as I -performed on the flute, he being a violinist, to have some music on the -water. He then explained that water is a conductor of sound and that -one could hear playing on it for a long distance and music would sound a -great deal sweeter and more melodious than on land. The Ogeechee River -ran within a couple of hundred yards from the house. There was on the -bank and close to the bridge a party of gentlemen fishing, having a -large camp fire and prepared to have a fish-fry, so Linville and myself -took a boat that was moored above the bridge and quietly, unbeknown to -anybody paddled about 1-1/4 mile up stream, expecting to float down -with the current. Although it was the month of May the night was chilly -enough for an overcoat. Linville and myself struck up a tune, allowing -the boat to float along with the current, the oar laying across my lap. -Everything was lovely, the moon was shining bright and I enjoyed the -novelty of the surroundings and the music, when an over-hanging limb of -a tree struck me on the neck. Wishing to disengage myself, I gave it a -shove, and away went the boat from under me and I fell backwards into -the stream in 12 feet of water. To gain the surface I had to do some -hard kicking, my boots having filled with water and my heavy overcoat -kept me weighted down. - -When reaching the surface after a hard struggle my first observation was -for the boat which was about 50 yards below, Linville swinging to a -limb. I called him to meet me, and he replied that he had no oar, that I -kicked it out of the boat. The banks on each side were steep and my -effecting a landing was rather slim. I spied a small bush half-way up -the embankment, I made for it perfectly exhausted, I grabbed it, the -bank was too steep and slippery to enable me to land, so I held on and -rested and managed to disembarrass myself of the overcoat and told -Linville to hold on, that I was coming. I could not get my boots off, so -I made an extra effort to reach him anyhow, as the current would assist -me by being in my favor, so I launched off. I reached the boat perfectly -worn out. I do not think I could have made another stroke. After a -little breathing spell and by a tremendous effort I hoisted myself into -the boat, but not before it dipped some water. - -On our way I picked up my discarded overcoat and a piece of a limb which -served as a rudder to guide the boat to a successful landing, and thus -ended the music on the water. - -We went to the house, changed our clothes and returned, mingling with -the fishermen and kept all the fun we had to ourselves. They all made a -fine catch and there was fish a plenty for all. Linville and myself -enjoyed the repast, as the physical exercise we had just undergone -sharpened our appetite. - -A few days later we rendezvoused at Sandersville, and the Company left -for Savannah, our camp of instruction. Under the tuition of Jacobi, -leader of the band of the 32nd Georgia, W. H. Harrison's Regiment, I -soon learned all the calls and commands. - -While thus engaged the Company had a gross misunderstanding with Capt. -Martin, who, before coming in contact with the members of his command, -was an entire stranger to them. Most all were ignorant of military -duties, but strictly honest and patriotic citizens. Capt. Martin was a -strict disciplinarian and putting the screws on rather a little too -tight placed him into disfavor with the men, who petitioned him to -resign, otherwise they would prefer charges against him. Thus matters -stood when I returned to camp. Martin was tried before a board and -exonorated. To revenge himself upon those who were active in his -persecution he reduced those that were non-commissioned officers to -ranks and appointed others in their stead; and to make matters more -galling, appointed a substitute, a mercenary as orderly Sergeant over a -Company of volunteers, who solely served their country through -patriotism. Ned Irwin, when elevated to the position he was, proved -himself a worthy tool in the hand of his promoter. Men could not express -an opinion on hardly any subject without being reported, he would sneak -about in the dark, crouch behind a tent evesdropping and make report as -unfavorably as he could to bring the individual into disfavor. He made -himself so obnoxious that he did not have a friend in the whole Company, -and when he died at Yazoo City, you could hear freely expressed the -following sentiment: "Poor old Ned is dead, thank God this saves some -good men of having to kill him." - -When I returned to camp I presented myself before Capt. Martin who -examined me as to my proficiency as a bugler. I said, "Captain, there -has been quite some changes made since I have been away," he said, "Yes, -the men have accused me of speculating on their rations." I said I was -very sorry that such a state of affairs existed among officers and men, -where harmony ought to prevail; he said he insisted that those charges -be substantiated and demanded a court martial, who on hearing the facts -cleared him of any criminality, so he punished the leaders of the gang -by reducing them to ranks. - -Capt. Martin, however, proved himself a capable officer in handling -artillery and the men finally came to love him on account of his -efficiency and fairness. - -While in camp of instructions in Savannah, the Government furnished us -with six brass pieces (2 Howitzer and 4 Napoleon) with the necessary -accoutrement and horses and we were ordered to Bryan County in support -of Fort McAllister. We went into camp by the side of the Ogeechee River, -about three miles this side of the Fort, which camp we named "Camp -McAllister." The fort was an earth structure, strongly constructed with -redoubts and parapets. The magazine underground was strongly protected -by heavy timbers, and so was what we called bomb-proof, for the men not -actually engaged, but who were ready to relieve those who were, or -became disabled under fire and exposure, and compelled to be at their -post of duty. Short reliefs were necessary, for it is hard work to -manage heavy seige guns, but the heaviest in that fort were only of -forty-two caliber. For some time nothing of importance worth to -chronicle happened; the boys attended to their regular camp life duty, -roll calls and drills; those off duty went fishing along the river -banks. - -The country surrounding was low, flat, marshy and replete with malarial -fever, so that we had to remove our camp several miles further up the -river, but still within close call of the fort. This new camp was called -"Camp Arnold," in honor of Doctor Arnold, on whose land we stationed. -One morning I was ordered to blow the call, only one man, Sergeant Cox, -reported. All the rest of the command were down with chills and fever. -There was no quinine to be had, owing to the blockade, such medicines -being considered by our adversaries as contraband of war. Men tried -every remedy possible, even drank cottonseed tea, at the suggestion of a -country physician by the name of Dr. Turner, who pronounced it as a good -substitute (it was in taste if not in efficiency). The writer was also -stricken with the disease, and was sent to Whitesville Hospital, about -thirty miles from Savannah on the Central of Georgia Railroad. Dr. -Whitehead was in charge of the same, and Madam Cazzier and her daughter -from New Orleans were matrons. During my fever spells I would rave -sometimes and not having been in this country over three years in all, -my friends predominated over the English language. Madam Cazzier, who -spoke French also, took a great interest in me; in fact, she was -strictly interested in all the patients, but she seemed to be a little -partial to myself, and spent some time by my bedside when the fever was -off, and would tell me what I said during my delirium. She nursed me and -devoted on me a motherly care, for which I shall always remain thankful. -My recuperation was rapid, and I soon felt myself again. - -One morning it was announced that General Mercer of Savannah, and the -Board of Inspectors were to come on a round of inspection, when we heard -heavy firing, the sounds coming from the east. Presently we heard that -the enemy with a large fleet was attacking Fort McAllister. General -Mercer and his Board had come up from Savannah on a special train. He -called for all convalescent, able to fight to volunteer to go to the -front. I presented myself; I was the only one. We cut loose the -locomotive and one car and went flying to Savannah at the rate of a mile -a minute, crossed the City in a buss at full speed to the Gulf Depot, -now known as the S. F. & W., just in time to board the train to Way -Station, twelve miles from Savannah. An ambulance carried us to the -Fort; the whole distance from the hospital to the Fort was about -fifty-two miles. We changed conveyances three times and arrived at -destination in less than two hours. Capt. Martin was in charge of a -Mortar Detachment, so I reported to him for duty, but my place had been -taken, and the detachment was complete, hence he had no use for me. I -learned that Major Galley, the Commander of the Fort, had been killed by -the first shot from the enemy's guns, which penetrated a sixteen foot -embankment, knocked off the left hand trunnion of a thirty-two pounder, -and struck the Major above the ear, and took off the top of his head, so -Captain Anderson, of the Savannah Blues, took command. Captain Martin -sent me up the River to a band about half a mile to the rear, which -position placed me at a triangle point to the Fort and the gun boats. I -was instructed to notice the effect of our shots on the enemy's boats. I -kept tally sheets as to the hits between the belligerent points. From my -observation I counted seventy-five hits by the guns of the Fort, and one -hundred and seventy-five hits by those of the boats, which raised a -cloud of dust equal to an explosion of a mine. Their caliber being three -hundred and seventy-five pounders, and fifteen inches in diameter, while -our shots merely made a bright spot where they struck the heavy -armoured vessels and ricochet beyond. While thus observing I noted a -strange move of one of the boats, suddenly I saw an immense flash, and a -splash in the river a couple of yards in front of me. The water being -very clear, we noted a large projective at the bottom of the stream, -evidently aimed at me, as it was in direct line, as I sat on my horse; -undoubtedly they must have taken me for a commanding officer and thus -paid me their res-- I mean disrespect. - -A concourse of people in the neighborhood gathered to observe this -unequal artillery duel of five armoured gun boats and eleven wooden -mortar boats hidden behind a point below the Fort, sending their -projectiles like a shower of aerolites into and around the Fort. -Undaunted, the boys stood by their guns, having the satisfaction to -notice one of the armoured vessels break their line and floating down -the River, evidently having been struck in some vital part, and thus -placed hors de combat. This bombardment continued from early morning -until near sundown, when the enemy withdrew, we giving them parting -shots as they steamed down to their blockade station, lying in wait for -the Nashville, a blockade runner, who plyed between Nassau, and any -Confederate Port, which it might enter with goods, easily disposed of -at remunerative prices. The Fort was badly dilapidated, our breastworks -had been blown to atoms, the guns exposed to plain view, all port holes -demolished, the barracks injured by fire, which the boys extinguished -while the battle was raging; in fact, had a cyclone struck the Fort in -its full majestic force, it could not have been worse. However, that -night we pressed into service all the negroes on the rice plantations. -Spades, shovels and pick axes were handled with alacrity; baskets, bags -and barrels were filled, the enfeebled portions of the Fort were -reinforced by working like Trojans all night long, and the Fort was -again placed in a presentable condition. - -Early the following morning, when the enemy again appeared, undoubtedly -to take possession, as the Fort would have been untenable in the -condition they left it the previous evening, we opened fire on them, but -they had seen what had been done during the night, saw at once that we -were not disposed to give up; they withdrew without even returning our -fire, and the boys would remark, they are treating us with silent -contempt. - -For awhile we enjoyed repose and the luxuries of the season at the -Southern sea-coast, hunting squirrels, rabbits and fishing, getting -leave of absence to visit home for a few days, when one day the report -reached us that the enemy effected a landing at Killkanee, some distance -below us and to our right. The battery was called out and we took up the -line of march to meet the enemy. We camped that night near a church, -when we were informed that the enemy's demonstration was against a small -salt works, an enterprising citizen having erected a small furnace with -a half a dozen boilers, in which he boiled sea water to obtain salt, -which, at that time, was selling at a dollar a pound by the hundred -pound sack. The Company returned to camp. - -About ten days later word came late one afternoon that the enemy is -making for Pocotalico, a small station on the Savannah and Charleston -Railroad, intending to burn a long range of trestle on said road. Two -detachments were sent to that place by post haste, arriving in time to -place themselves in position, in as quiet a way as possible. At about -ten o'clock P. M. we heard a very noisy demonstration to our right, -through the marshes of the swamps; many torches became visible. They -undoubtedly expected the place to be unprotected; when they came within -full range we sent canister and schrapanel into the ranks; they fell -back in confusion, leaving dead and wounded behind. This expedition -started out from Beauford, S. C., then in possession of the enemy. One -dark night the tide being up, the Nashville loaded with cotton attempted -to run the gauntlet of the blockaders. On the turn of the river just -opposite the Fort, the River Ogechee being about a mile wide, the vessel -run aground on a sand bank, and was unable to extricate itself. The -enemy being on the lookout, spied her position and came within firing -distance; the Fort fired at them furiously, but they paid no attention -to us, but concentrated their fire on the steamer Nashville with hot -shots and soon had her in flames. The crew jumped overboard and swam -ashore like ducks. The steamer was burned and completely destroyed. I -was again taken with chills and fever and sent home by way of Dr. -Whitehead's hospital. Sergeant Hines also came home to recuperate, when -one morning I suggested to have an egg-nog. Cousin Abe was a merchant -before the war, and still kept a store at Fenns Bridge, but the store -had but few remnants in it. He only kept such goods as people were -willing to dispose of in the way of exchange, for something else, and -among his stock, he had a barrel of corn whiskey. I said, "Bill, if you -furnish the eggs, I will furnish the sugar and whiskey; my chill will be -on at eleven o'clock; we have an hour yet and kill or cure, I'm going to -drink nog. It may help me." Dr. Whitehead had supplied me with a vial of -Fowler's Solution, which was nearly exhausted, and which had done me no -good. Sergeant Hines came up, brought a dozen eggs and we made a nog. At -ten thirty A. M. I took the first goblet, he made it tolerably strong. I -replenished and enjoyed the contents, and as we were sipping it quietly, -I looked at my watch and was surprised to see it was fifteen minutes -past eleven and no chill. We slowly finished the third glass, I felt the -effects of it somewhat, but we were not intoxicated. At twelve o'clock -the dinner bell rang at the house, and it was the first time in two -weeks that I was able to partake of that meal, the chills always -interfering. I never had another chill in twenty years thereafter, hence -I never became a prohibitionist. I believe the abuse of whiskey is -wrong, while its proper use is right. Sergeant Hines and myself, after a -few days longer among our friends, returned to our camp. - - - - -CHAPTER XI. - - -The following incident caused a rupture of friendship between Lieutenant -Evan P. Howell and myself, which made military service unnecessarily -harder on me, owing to our respective ranks. One night, it was on a -Saturday, I had occasion to get up, it was late. I passed the sentinel -on post number one, and recognized William Tolson on duty. I passed the -usual greeting of "Hello! Bill, how do you do," "O, Ike, I'm so sick. -I've one of the hardest chills on me I ever had." "Why don't you call -the Corporal of the Guard, and get relief?" He replied, he wished I -would call him, so I called "Corporal of the Guard, post number one." -Corporal William O'Quinn came up to see what's up. I said, "Corporal, -Tolson is sick and ought to be relieved." Presently the Corporal -returned from headquarters, saying the officers are all gone over to -Patterson, they were having a dance at the Quartermaster's, Major -Cranston, and there is no one at headquarters but Dr. Stevenson who is -drunk, and I can't get any sense out of him. When I told him that one -of the men were sick, he said "You see that puppy, is he not the finest -you have ever seen?" having reference to a small dog he fondled. -Finding out that I can't get any relief, I came back, so I told Tolson -to go in and I would stand guard in his place. Tolson was a good -soldier, he was a native Englishman, and when he got over his chill he -was loud in his denunciation as to his treatment, so he was punished for -having spoken derogatory about the officers and condemned to wear ball -and chain for twenty-four hours. This was the first time that I knew -there was such a thing as a ball and chain in camp for the punishment of -man. The following Monday night, the writer having found out all about -the particulars and the doings at the Quartermaster's, wrote up a -program of intoxication at Granston Hall, Saturday night, March 1863. I -treated the matter more of a burlesque than otherwise, and wound up in -these words: "That's the way Confederate whiskey goes, pop goes the -Government." Captain Martin was off and Lieutenant Howell was in -command. Lieutenants Bland and Roberson laughed over the matter and took -it good naturedly. W. N. Harmon was the only man in the Company who saw -me write the article, and when finished I read it to him. He pronounced -it a good joke and asked me what I was going to do with it. I said, "I -am going to stick it up on the big pine where general orders are posted, -so that the men can read it after reveille call," so he made some -lightwood pegs, and we went together and posted it. The article was not -signed, and was written in a round handwriting. The men enjoyed it and -laughed a great deal over it, when Sergeant Fulford came up and tore -down the paper, and carried it to the officer's tent. They inquired, -what is the matter, what are the men laughing about. He presented the -paper. Lieutenant Howell, after reading it, got raving mad, while -Lieutenants Roberson and Bland took it good naturedly. Lieutenant Howell -was determined to find out the author, so during the day he took up the -men by fours and swore them on the Bible, if they knew who wrote the -paper. I was at the station on that day and was absent. When I returned -to my mess, they told me what was going on, and that Lieutenant Howell -was trying to find out who wrote that article, so I said, "Bill," -meaning William Harmon, "He took up the wrong men; if he had called on -me I would have saved him that trouble". He answered, "Well, what will -you do?" "Well, you don't believe that I would swear to a lie?" I got up -saying, "I will satisfy his curiosity," and up to his tent I went. He -was sitting in a chair smoking. "Good evening Lieutenant," says I. "I -understand that you are very anxious to know who wrote that paper -Sergeant Fulford submitted for your inspection. I can give you all the -information you require." Lieutenant Howell at once brightened up and -became all smiles. "You know--who did it?" "Your humble servant." In a -twinkling his countenance changed. He became pale with rage, working -himself into a passion, and very peremptorily ordered me to stand at -attention. I at once planted my heels together to form a perfect angle, -placed my little fingers along the seams of my pantaloons, my arms -extending at full length, my body erect, facing my superior officer. I -humbly remarked, "Will that do?"--"What did you do it for?"--"You had -your fun, am I not entitled to have some?"--"You made false charges; you -said we drank Government whiskey. I want you to understand what liquor -we drank we bought and paid for it." "Well, Lieutenant, I have not -accused anybody; not even mentioned a single name, but if the cap fits -you, you can wear it. I have nothing to retract." By that time, Howell -was surely mad. "I-I-I reduce you to ranks! I put you on double duty for -thirty days and to wear ball and chain." "Is that all?" "Lieutenant, I -volunteered in the Confederate army to do my full duty, as I always have -done, in regard to duty; you only can put me on every other day, but -when it comes to degrading me by making me wear ball and chain, I give -you fair notice that I will kill any man who attempts to place the same -on my limbs," and I made my exit, going to my mess-mates. "Well, how did -you come out?" the boys asked me. I related what had passed between -Lieutenant and I. William Harmon, then said, "Did you tell him that I -helped you stick it up?" I said, "No, I shouldered the whole -responsibility. What good would it do to implicate you?" "Well you shall -not be the only one to do double duty," and off he went to tell -Lieutenant Howell that he also had a hand in it, and consequently he was -also condemned to double duty for thirty days. "Did he also tell you to -wear ball and chain?" Harmon said "No." - -That night, I slept, as the saying is, with one eye open. I had my -pistol within easy reach, and my sabre by my side. No attempt however, -was made to chain me. The following morning I was called for guard duty. -I took my post, carrying my sabre across my neck, bear fashion. My post -was in full view of the officers' headquarters. When Lieutenant Howell -sent Sergeant Hines to me to tell me if I didn't carry my sabre at -"Carry Sabre," he would keep me on four hours instead of two. Having -been the bugler of the Company I was never instructed how to carry -sabre. "Sergeant, can't you teach me how?" Hines remarked, "I know you -know better how to handle a sabre than anyone in camp. I have seen you -and Hoffman fight at Laurel Hill. I tell you, I have been on duty all -night and I would like to go to sleep. This may be fun to you, but not -to me, just now." I said, "Well Bill, go ahead," so I carried my sword -to suit his Excellency, the commanding officer. - -Later in the day J. J. Sheppard came to me saying, "Ike, Lieutenant -Howell told me that I was appointed bugler in your place." "Well, sir, I -congratulate you on your promotion." "He said for me to ask you for the -bugle." I said, "All right Sheppard," I took the bugle and broke it in -halves and handed it to Sheppard. He looked astonished--I remarked, -"That instrument is private property and belongs to me, my money paid -for it, and I have a right to handle it as I please, not meaning any -disrespect to you, Sheppard." The following day, word came in camp for -volunteers to handle siege pieces in Charleston, S. C. The enemy making -heavy demonstration against that City. The Company sent men they could -spare, among whom I formed a contingent part. My detachment was placed -in the battery in charge of a heavy siege gun. The people of that City -treated us royally and brought us plenty of provisions besides what we -got from the commissary. We remained there a couple of weeks. The whole -business turned out to be a fiasco, and we returned back to our camps. -It was one of the most pleasant periods I have enjoyed during the whole -war. I was again called on duty when I remarked, "This comes around -pretty often." The Sergeant remarked, "You have to finish your -sentence." I at once went to headquarters and met Lieutenant Howell and -said, "Do you intend to make me finish the penalty you imposed on me?" -"To be sure, I do," was his reply. "Well, you can't do it after you -accepted my services for Charleston," and I demanded a court-martial -before I would finish it. Afterwards Sergeant Hines came from -headquarters, saying, "Howell said, Ike got me," "I have no right to -inflict a continuance of punishment after accepting his services in some -other direction, but confound him, I'll get even with him." Thus matters -stood, when some fine day the ball and chain was missing, no one knew -what became of it, but somewhere in the middle of the Ogeechee River -some two hundred yards below Camp Arnold, it may be found now, having -rested there these forty six years. - -On the eighth of May we were ordered to Mississippi. We went by the way -of Columbus, Ga., arriving there about three o'clock P. M. The ladies -had prepared a fine spread for us at the depot. The men were hungry. -Capt. F. G. Wilkins being mayor of the City, Mayor Wilkins was Captain -of the Columbus Guards, Company B, First Regiment, Georgia Volunteers, -and on his return home, after his severe experience of one year's -military service, he preferred civil service as more congenial to his -feelings. He was a brave and fearless soldier. At Carricks Ford, he and -twelve of his men got mixed in with the Yankees, who at that time wore -also grey uniforms. They were Ohio troops. Captain Wilkins on seeing -his dilemma, formed his men into line, then into column making them go -through evolutions, and manual of arms, and marched them to the rear, -and out of the Yankee columns without being suspicioned or receiving a -scratch. Such coolness is not often exhibited on a danger line, and -Captain Wilkins reached Monterey long before any of the Regiment did, -and saved himself and his men a great deal of hardship. - -When alighting from the train and seeing all those good things prepared -for us, I at once took my position. A lady remarked, "Help yourself." I -took hold of a piece of fowl, and as I was about to take a bite, someone -struck me on the arm with such force that the piece of fowl dropped out -of my hand, and someone said, "Those things are not for you." It was -Mayor Wilkins. He was glad to see me, and said, "I have something better -for you, boys. How many of the First Georgia are here? Get them all -together and follow me." We were about a dozen of the old Washington -Rifles. He conducted us to a room where we met a committee of gentlemen. -After the usual shaking hands and introductions, we passed into another -chamber. I never beheld a more bountiful and artistically prepared -spread. Provisions arranged on a revolving table, shelved to a pyramid, -and loaded with delicious wines. In a corner of the room was a table -covered with case liquors of every description, and some fine cigars. I -was astonished, I had no idea such delicacies could have been gotten in -the whole Confederacy. We surely did enjoy the hospitality of that -Committee. Mayor Wilkins introduced me to a Mr. Rothschild, saying, "I -want you to take good care of him, he is a splendid fellow." Turning to -me he said, "Hermann, I want you to stay all night with this gentleman, -he will treat you all right." I said, "Captain Wilkins, I can't leave -camps without a permit, and myself and Captain Howell are not on such -terms as for me to ask him for any favors." "Well, I'll arrange that, -you come along." Captain Wilkins said to Howell, "I want Ike to go home -with my friend here," designating Mr. Rothschild. Captain Howell said, -"You'll have to be here by seven o'clock, A. M. The train will leave at -that time." Mr. Rothschild spoke up, saying, "I'll have him here on -time." I was royally treated; the lady of the house and daughter played -on the piano and sang. I joined in the chorus 'till late in the night, -when I was shown to my room, nicely furnished, a nice clean feather bed -and all the requisites for comfort, but I could not sleep, I did not lay -comfortable. The two years service I had seen, made a feather bed rather -an impediment to my repose, having become accustomed to sleep out doors -on the hard ground, with my knapsack as a pillow, so I got up, put my -knapsack under my head and lay by the side of the bed on the carpet, and -slept like a log the balance of the night; so soundly, that I did not -hear the negro boy who was sent to my room to blacken my boots, open the -door, but I heard a noise like someone slamming the door and I heard -someone running down stairs. I heard many voices talking, and someone -coming up stairs, opening the door very unceremoniously, I looked--there -was Mr. Rothschild,--greatly astonished and laughing, he could hardly -talk. Finally he said, "What in the world made you lay on the floor." I -explained to him that being no longer used to sleeping on a bed, I could -not rest until I got on the hard floor. Then he told me he had sent up a -boy to blacken my boots, who had scared them all by telling them that -the man up stairs had fallen off of the bed and lay dead on the floor. I -took my ablution, and went down to breakfast, all enjoying that I was -still able to do justice to the meal that my kind host and hostess set -before me. After many thanks and good byes to Mr. and Mrs. Rothschild -and the family, Mr. Rothschild and myself went down to the train, which -was in waiting. Everything was soon ready and we departed for Mobile, -Ala. At Greenville, Ala., I met General W. H. T. Walker for the first -time. Martin's battery was assigned to his brigade. Captain Martin was -promoted to Major, and Chief of Staff of General Walker's brigade, and -Lieutenant Evan P. Howell, by right of seniority, took his place as -Captain. From Mobile, we went to Jackson, Miss., one section of two -cannons were left behind under charge of Lieutenant Robson. The balance -arrived at destination at about three o'clock P. M., May 12th, 1863. We -unloaded the pieces at once, and all the accoutrements, all the horses -and harnessed them up without the loss of any time, took up the line of -march towards Raymond Springs. The weather was very warm and the road of -red clay was very dusty for men marching in columns. The dust would rise -like clouds of ashes at every step. It must be remembered that it was -ration day, but we had no time to draw any. As we advanced, we met -General Gists' Brigade just out of a fight with General Grant's forces, -who landed at Port Gibson, on his forward move to Vicksburg. General -Gist had several prisoners. Among them was a Captain. I spoke to him and -asked him about the strength of Grant's army. Of course, I did not -expect a truthful answer. He replied, "If you'll keep on in the -direction you are going, you will meet him. He is not so very far, ahead -of you, and when you do meet him, you will think he has more than enough -to eat you all up." Well, he did tell the truth, and it has been our -misfortune all through the war to fight against many odds. We kept -advancing, when of a sudden the command was ordered to halt. We formed -ourselves into battery, and I was placed in charge of a detachment. -General Walker ordered me to follow him. About two hundred yards ahead -the road took a sudden turn around the bluff, which commanded a straight -stretch of about a mile. General Walker ordered me to unlimber my gun -and place it in position, so as to command that road, and ordered me to -fire into any cavalry that might appear. At the further end of my view -was a water mill. I remarked, "General, had I not better let them -advance somewhat, so as not to waste too much ammunition?" "You must use -your own judgment," said he. Looking about me, I saw no infantry in -close proximity, so I ventured to ask him where my support was. He -answered, "Support Hell!--If they charge you, fight them with the hand -spikes, don't you never leave this post," and left. - -Mr. James F. Brooks acted as my No. 1. I asked him if he had made his -will, if not, he had better, as we were there to stay. We watched with -all our eyes, we saw no enemies. Just about dark, we were ordered to -limber up, and double quick to the rear, for about a mile, the enemy -having taken another route and we were in danger of being cut off. Weary -and footsore, having marched about ten miles that afternoon, we retraced -our steps within about three miles of Jackson, hungry and thirsty, we -marched on, large oaks bordered the road at places and the roots -protruded above the surface of the ground; having on a pair of shoes, -left foot number six for a number 8 foot, while my right shoe was a -number 10 brogan, I crammed cotton in shoe number 10 to prevent too much -friction and cut off the end of number 6 to avoid the painful sensation -of being cramped, but misfortunes never come single--the night became -dark and it threatened to rain. I stumbled over one of those protruding -roots and tore off half of my unprotected toe nail on my left foot, a -most excruciating and painful sensation. I did not swear, because I was -speechless. I mounted the caisson, our horses were jaded, had had no -food nor water that day, but managed to get into camp. Dr. Stewart, our -surgeon was left at Jackson, with a few of our command who were sick. W. -J. Bell was our ambulance driver. He drove me to Dr. Stewart's camp to -dress my wound that night. I was all O. K. next morning, when the ball -opened after day break. Our pickets announced the enemy's advance. The -skirmishes then came into play and kept the advance at some bay for some -time, our forces placing themselves in position to receive them in due -form. We were five thousand strong, while the enemy numbered twenty-five -thousand. At about eleven A. M. orders came from our right to left to -fall back, and we gradually withdrew, putting on our prolongs, and -firing occasionally as we retraced our steps. When the fight first -opened I was in the rear, as stated, on account of my foot, but after -being dressed and hearing the firing, I made for the front, and reported -to Captain Howell for duty, while he was in line of battle on the -extreme left. He said his detachment was complete, to report to the -next. Having only four pieces of artillery in action, two under charge -of Lieutenant Robson not having yet arrived, they were placed along the -front about two hundred yards apart, all had full working force. I -retraced my steps and so reported to the Captain, saying, "Well, -Captain, there being no use for me here, I shall go to the rear to -protect myself and watch the progress of the fight, should there be any -casualties in the Company I'll take their place--no use for me to be -here unless I can be of some service." Up to that time the skirmish line -was still contending for every inch of the ground. Captain Howell says -to me, "You stay here, and act as my orderly. I'm hoarse anyhow, and you -have a good voice and can repeat my orders and commands," so I was -installed by the side of the Captain. The ground on which we stood was a -gradual incline, while that of the enemy was about on a level with us, -leaving a sort of a basin or valley between both lines. It was a novel -sight to see our skirmishers contending every inch of the ground before -an overwhelming force, to see them load and fire, and gradually falling -back, facing the advancing foe. When suddenly they emerged from the -woods, where they were concealed, and advanced in platoon form, sending -their deadly missiles into our thin skirmishers ranks. I said, "This is -more than our men can stand, let me throw a shell over their heads, -into their ranks." He answered, "Do so, but don't shoot our men." "No -danger," said I. I depressed the bridge of my piece, raising the muzzle -about four fingers. No. four pulled the laniard. It had a good effect, -and resulted in stopping their advance, and thus enabled our skirmishers -to come in. My fire also gave them our position and distance. They at -once formed a battery in front of us. I aimed a second shot at a white -horse. Captain Howell watching its effect. I being behind the gun, the -smoke prevented me from so doing, when he said, "You got him." I soon -found out that I had done some damage and that my range was accurate, -for they centered their fire of several pieces against my own. One of -their shots passed over my gun and knocked off its sight, passed between -the detachment, striking the caisson lid in the rear and staving it in, -and thus preventing us for a few minutes in replying. We had to break it -open with the hand spikes to get ammunition. They undoubtedly thought -that we were irreparably silenced, and paid their respects to some other -part of our line, but we resumed business again, and they came back at -us. I saw a ball rolling on the ground, about six feet to my right. It -seemed to be about the same caliber as ours. It rolled up a stump, -bouncing about fifteen feet in the air. I thought it was a solid shot -and wanting to send it back to them through the muzzle of our gun, I ran -after it. It proved to be a shell, as it exploded, and a piece of it -struck my arm. It was a painful wound, but not serious. Another ball -struck a tree about eight inches in diameter, knocked out a chip, which -struck my face and caused me to see the seven stars in plain day light -and very near got a scalp of Captain Howell, who stood behind that tree. -Orders came for Captain Howell to fall back. He asked me to inform Major -Martin, who was in command of the piece at the extreme right, that he -was falling back. I had to traverse the whole front of our line. I took -the color bearers' horse, a fine animal. We named him Stonewall. The -enemy's fire was rather high, as they came up the incline and the balls -rattled through the tree tops like hail. It commenced raining very hard. -I dismounted and took it afoot. On my way passing the third section, Sim -Bland, who acted as number 6, and whose duty it was to carry the -ammunition from the caisson and to hand it to No. 2 who inserts it in -the muzzle of the gun, while No. 1 rammed it home. As I crossed him at a -trot, I remarked, "Sim, this is hot time." Before he could reply, a -solid cannon ball had struck him. Poor fellow, he did not know what hit -him, for he was dead. His whole left side entirely torn to pieces. - -The enemy was now advancing more rapidly, as our whole line had given -away. On my return I found my horse also shot down. I was trying to save -the body of Bland, but couldn't get the assistance needed. I went -through his pockets and took what he had therein and gave it to his -brother, Lieutenant Bland. The enemy pushed me so close I had to take to -the woods in my immediate rear, the trees of which somewhat protected me -from the enemy's fire. About a hundred yards further I found Sergeant -Newsome with his gun and a detachment, trying to make for the public -road leading to Jackson. He had managed so far to drive his command -evading the trees of the forest, when suddenly he was confronted by a -plank fence which stood perfectly erect, not a plank missing and about -five feet high. He ordered the horses cut out of the harness, and was -about to abandon his guns, when I hollered, "No Sergeant, don't do it! -Ride through between the posts, they are wide enough apart, knock down -the planks." I put myself in action and kicked against the planks, when -the whole panel fell over, carrying several others with it, for all the -posts were completely rotten at the ground, and thus I saved this piece -of artillery and probably the men. We reached the road and marched in -column. It was raining hard and every man was soaked to the skin. The -column halted, having fallen back about a half a mile, firing as they -went, when again we formed in line of battle. I was very tired, and sat -down by the road side. When called again into action, I found that I -could not use my arm, and that the leaders of my leg had contracted at -my groins. The enemy had again outflanked us, and the men lifted me on a -caisson. - -The horses stalled. The road being very muddy, the men had to assist at -the wheel to pull the carriages out of the mud, by using all their -efforts, so I had to get down, for I felt that after all the gun would -have to be abandoned, and I did not care to be taken prisoner, but -General Joseph E. Johnston made a stand a little further on, until the -Yankees outflanked him again. Major Martin happened to be just passing -me on his horse. I begged him to take me behind him, as I could not -walk. He answered, "It is impossible, we are going to make another -stand. Get in the ambulance." When the ambulance came in sight, it was -full to overflow with wounded and dying. The Major again rode up. I said -"Major Martin, can't you get me out of my difficulty," he replied, -"Hermann, do the best you can to take care of yourself. If they capture -you, I will have you exchanged as soon as possible." Poor consolation, I -thought, but I was determined not to be taken if I possibly could help -it, so I started towards Jackson, taking the edge of the woods, first on -account of the mud, then as somewhat of a protection from the bullets. -My locomotion was slow, from eight to ten inches was the longest strides -I was able to make, and this with excruciating pains. Presently our -forces rushed past me and formed again into line of battle, thus leaving -me between both lines, the bullets coming from either direction, when -again I entered our line. This maneuvre happened three times before I -reached Jackson, in a stretch of three miles. It was then four o'clock -p. m. - - - - -CHAPTER XII. - - -When we reached Jackson the previous day I noted a flat by the side of -the railroad bridge. I was thinking to cross Pearl River by that means, -so I started to the right towards the railroad bridge. On my way down -the street a lady was standing over a tub of whiskey with a dipper in -her hand. She said to me, "Poor fellow, are you wounded?" I said, "Yes." -She dipped up a dipper full of whiskey, which I drank. It had a good -effect on my shattered nerves and did not cause me the least dizziness. -It was the medicine I surely needed. On arriving at the River, I found -the flat was gone, the railroad bridge was the only chance left me to -cross. I crawled up the embankment and found that the cross ties were -too far apart for me to step it, owing to my contracted leaders, so I -concluded to "coon it" on my hands and knees on the stringers, holding -onto the rail. - -The bridge is a long one and very high, Jackson being built on a high -bluff. When about half way across I heard a great deal of noise and -reports of fire arms; I heard bullets whizzing by. Finally bullets were -hitting the trestle beneath me and in front of me. Looking back I saw -at a distance of about four hundred yards a force of the enemy, which I -judged to be about half a regiment, coming up the lowlands in a flank -around Jackson. My first impulse was, can I make it across, or must I -surrender? I concluded to take the chances, and continued to cross. -Bullets were striking beneath me, and in front, splinters were flying. -One ball hit the rail about six inches in front of my hand. They were -gaining on me fast, when at last I reached the other side, laying myself -flat on the track, I rolled over, down about an eighteen foot -embankment. Thus being protected from the enemy's bullets, I entered the -swamp not far beside the road leading to Branton, I noted a large hollow -poplar tree. It must have been four or five feet in diameter. I crawled -in, I felt faint and weak, had not eaten anything that day. I must have -fainted; when presently I heard the sound of artillery and musketry to -my right across the river and the noise of an empty wagon coming from -towards Branton. I took a reconnoitering look, and saw Jackson on fire -and a wagon driven by a negro, holding the lines over four splendid -mules, coming towards the city. I took my stand in the road, pistol in -hand. The following conversation ensued: - -"Halt. Where are you going?" - -"To Jackson. Marse Richard sent me to fotch his things. He is afraid the -Yankees would cotch him." - -"How will you get across?" - -"Goes on the flat, sah." - -"There is no flat now." - -"Yes there is, and Marse Richard----" - -"Turn the head of the mules towards Branton, or you are a dead -Negro"--aiming at him as I spoke. He exclaimed, "Don't shoot Marster, -I'll do as you say." He turned the mules towards where he came from. I -crawled behind in the wagon, pistol in hand, and at a gallop all the way -for twelve miles. We entered Branton in the early part of the night. The -people were still up at the Hotel. The excitement ran high about the -enemies capturing Jackson. Branton was a nice little village. The negro -proved to be a run-away. Had stolen the team from the quartermaster and -running with it to the enemy. The lady of the hotel came to me saying, -"Are you wounded?" I stated my condition, and she sympathized with me, -saying, "Poor fellow, I expect you need something to eat." I surely -did, for I was more dead than alive, after having passed such an -eventful day. I ate a hearty supper. I was given a shirt. She bandaged -my arm, which was smarting badly. She furnished me a room and a bottle -of mustang linament to rub myself. My clothes which were full of mud -were washed and dried by a large fire. The following morning, I felt -really refreshed. It is unnecessary to say that I slept well that night. -At an early hour that morning, the alarm of "The Yankees are coming. -They are only four miles from here and Johnston is retreating towards -Canton." Everybody that could get away, left. The quartermaster had an -old broken down horse, which he tendered me for having saved his fine -team, and I left the town on horse back, thanking my hostess for all her -kindness. About two miles from Branton I met up with three men from my -Company, viz, A. P. Heath, Jackson O'Quinn and Harmon Fields. They were -not in the fight, having been on the sick list and not fit for duty, so -we traveled together for some distance. We reached a settlement, which -from appearance, belonged to well-to-do people. The gentleman of the -premises was standing at the gate leading to the house. I said to my -comrades that I would have to rest and recuperate until I got well, so -I addressed myself to the proprietor, "Sir, can you take care of a -wounded Confederate?" He put his hand in his hip pocket in quick motion, -as if to draw a pistol, but instead drew a small slate and pencil, -handed it to me with a motion to write my request, which I did. He -rubbed it out and wrote swiftly in a scholarly style, "Nothing I have is -too good for a Confederate soldier. Walk in--all of you." His name was -Williams, unfortunately deaf and dumb, but very intelligent. His family -consisted of a wife and two daughters, and all seemed to be well -educated and comfortably situated. They were very solicitous in their -attentions to us. The girls played on the piano while I entertained the -old man, by writing on his slate my experience of the previous day. He -looked at me in wonder, and occasionally took hold of my hand and shook -it. I remained his guest for nearly a week, until we located our -Company, and where to meet it. I got entirely well, my arm was healing -nicely, under the care of Mrs. Williams. Our forces had located at -Canton. He sent us mule-back through Pearl River Swamp to the Canton -road, while I rode my horse. He refused to take any remuneration for -anything he had done for us, so I sent back my horse with a note and -begged him to accept the same and thanking them all for what they had -done for us. - - - - -CHAPTER XIII. - - -The following day I entered camp with my comrades among great cheers, -all having thought me dead or a prisoner. Major Martin asked me how I -got through. I told him I took his advice and did the best I could. I -related to him the incidents that I met with. He said, "Well, I -congratulate you. I don't believe one in a thousand would have escaped." -"I was glad I was the one." We were ordered to strike tents at Canton, -and we retraced our steps again towards Jackson, a distance of between -twenty and twenty-five miles. It was one of the hottest days of the -season. The road bed being red clay. Our forces now amounted to about -eight thousand men, and marching in column with artillery, wagon train -and all the paraphernalia appertaining to a moving army, raised such -intense dust that it was impossible to recognize one's file-leader in -his immediate front. Every step of every individual raised clouds of -dust, which lay ankle deep. It was actually suffocating. Men and horses -would gasp for breath. The men occasionally would expectorate large -lumps of clay that settled in their throats, and no water to be had. We -didn't pass a single stream of any kind. It was a forced march to get -in the enemy's rear and to cut off reinforcement and supplies for -Grant's invading forces onto Vicksburg. The enemy was also making back -to Jackson on the Clinton Road which ran nearly parallel to the Canton -Road, and we could see their advance by the column of dust to our right. -Just before dark a very heavy rain and thunder storm set in. It was -preferable to the previous conditions of the weather, although it put us -half leg deep in sticky red mud. It got so dark we could not see -anything and the rain continued pouring down in all its fury. It was nip -and tuck as to which army would reach Jackson first. We got there just a -little ahead of the enemy in time to occupy the ditches which now were -nearly knee deep in water. In that condition we passed the night, -expecting to be attacked momentarily. Men were detailed long in the rear -to cook rations for the men in the ditch, which were issued along the -line, and consisted of corn bread cooked (a la hate) and a piece of fat -bacon. A very amusing incident happened to one of my comrades, W. A. -Grimes, who early on our march, and before the dust got so dense, had to -step aside for some reason, and being detained while the column kept -onward, threw him some distance behind his command. The State of -Georgia had sent her troops some shoes; the description of my draw I -have already stated, and some white wool hats. Grimes put his name on -the front of his hat in large capital letters, and as he hurried to -catch up with his command, someone hollowed as he passed, "How are you -Bill Grimes?" Grimes stopped in surprise to see who knew him in some -other command. Others took up the word all along the line of "How are -you Bill Grimes?" Grimes hurried on, on his way, the perspiration -running down his face, which had the appearance of being covered with a -mask. He could not account for his sudden popularity until he pulled off -his hat to wipe off his face. He saw his name on his hat and quickly -turned it wrong side out. His name had passed all along the column -faster than he could travel and passed Howell's Battery long before he -caught up with it. Early in the morning the enemy made demonstrations -all along our line and was repulsed. It had quit raining. The artillery -kept up a desultory fire for eight days and nights. The enemy's forces -were at least three to our one and therefore, could relieve each other, -while we were obliged to be kept continually on duty, and consequently -became exhausted, my eyes were blood shot, men loaded and fired -mechanically, and when so exhausted that I couldn't stand any longer, I -dropped beside one of the pieces and in a jiffy, was asleep. I couldn't -even hear the report of the guns within a few feet of me. The strain was -more than my physique could stand. I got sick and unconscious, and when -I came to myself, I was in Yazoo City in a private house, snugly fixed, -and a kindly lady by my bedside, whose name was Mrs. Lyons. She cried -for joy to see me recover my senses. I asked her where I was and how -long I had been there. She said just a week. I asked her what place it -was and she said "Yazoo City." I shall always remember gratefully the -kind treatment I received from that worthy family, and when after a -week's convalescence, I took my leave with many thanks. The lady said -she hoped that her brother who was in the Virginia army would in case of -sickness receive the attention that she would bestow on any Confederate -soldier. Such was the spirit that prevailed throughout the Confederate -States. - - - - -CHAPTER XIV. - - -I rejoined my command at Morton station on the M. & O. Railroad. The -object of the second fight at Jackson, as I understood it, was to get in -the rear of the investing army of Vicksburg under General Grant. General -Joseph E. Johnston expected a reinforcement, sufficient so as to cut off -supplies from the invading army, and to attack it in the rear, while -General Pemberton might make a sortie and attack it in the front, and -thus save Vicksburg from capture. Our reinforcement never came. We then -moved to Vaughn Station and thus hung in the rear of Grant, but not -strong enough to venture an attack, unless in concert with General -Pemberton who was defeated at Big Black and bottled up in Vicksburg, his -stronghold. A very sad incident happened in our camp. Lieutenant Ruben -Bland, a very kind officer and beloved by all his men, died. His brother -Sim, as stated, was killed at the first fight at Jackson. They were very -much attached to each other and brooding over his misfortune, some -thought he took opium with suicidal intent, others thought otherwise. -The writer was sitting on a box on the railroad platform, smoking his -pipe. Close to the platform stood the Company's ambulance. In passing me -Lieutenant Bland remarked, "Well, Ike, you seem to enjoy your pipe," I -answered, "I do, I smoke the pipe of peace," he smiled and said, "Yes, -everything looks peaceable here, I believe I am going to take a nap in -this ambulance." About a quarter of an hour after, Quinten Dudley who -was Hospital Steward, had cause to get some medicine out of the medicine -chest that Dr. Stewart kept in the ambulance. He immediately gave the -alarm that Lieutenant Bland was dead. I could not believe it. I jumped -off the platform into the ambulance, and there lay Lieutenant Bland -stretched out in full length, his face purple. Dr. Stewart, who at once -was on hand opened an artery on top of his head. He bled freely. He -tried to get up artificial respiration by working his arm back and -forth, but to no avail. Bland was dead beyond recovery and mourned by -every member of the Company. - -It was on a very warm June day when I concluded to have a general -cleaning up. It must be remembered that we lost all of our personal -effects, which we destroyed to keep them from falling into the enemy's -hands, and our wardrobes only consisted of what we carried on our backs -and filth begot what we called "creepers", and one not used to such made -him feel most miserable, so I took a camp kettle which also served for -our culinary purposes to boil my clothes in, and while they were drying -in the sun, I crept into the bushes in the shade and fell asleep. During -my repose some miscreant stole my shirt, and for several weeks I did not -have a shirt on my back, so one day it came to my knowledge that Gen. W. -H. T. Walker, our Division Commander, having been promoted, and Colonel -Claude Wilson, was appointed as Brigadier General in his place, offered -a reward of thirty days furlough and a fine saddle horse to ride during -the war to any man that would carry a dispatch to General Pemberton who -was then besieged in Vicksburg. I told Sergeant Hines if any man needed -a furlough I did, in the fix I was in. I believe I will go and offer my -services. He laughed and said, "Well, good luck old fellow." So I -started to headquarters which were in an abandoned farm house, about a -quarter of a mile distant from where our battery was in camp. I walked -to the sentinel who halted me. I want to see Gen. Walker. "You can't get -in." "Call the officer of the guard," says I, which he did and the -Lieutenant came up. I stated to him that I wanted to see Gen. Walker. -"Follow me," says he, which I did. There were at least from twenty to -twenty-five officers of all grades sitting in a large room, engaged, it -seemed to me, in social conversation. I walked straight up to General -Walker and stated my business, and what I had heard he offered to any -man who would successfully carry a dispatch to General Pemperton at -Vicksburg. "I thought, if any man needed a furlough, it was I." Opening -my jacket which was closely buttoned, although it was a hot day in July, -I displayed my nakedness. "I have not even, as you see, a shirt to -wear." It raised a giggle among some of the officers, while others -looked upon me in sympathy. I stated how I lost that only shirt I -possessed. Just at that time entered Major Martin. Recognizing me, he -said, "Hermann, you here?" He seemed rather surprised. I stated the -object of my visit. He turned to General Walker, saying, "General, I -stand sponsor for this man. He belongs to my battery, and he is one of -the best." I inclined my head in recognition of the compliment paid me, -and he extended me his hand. In the meantime, General Walker called me -and said, "You see that small trunk in yonder corner. Therein is my -wardrobe. I believe I have three shirts therein; that is all I have--I -divide--go and get you one. We are about the same size. I hope it will -fit you." I made for the little hairy trunk, no bigger than a good hand -valise and slightly oval, opened the lid, saying, "Beggars ought not to -be choosers. I will take the first I come to," which was a clean white -shirt, with cuffs and collars attached. Off went my jacket in the -presence of the company; into the garment I went, feeling a thousand per -cent. better. I said, "Well, General, I've heard of some stepping into -other men's shoes, but never before have I known of a high private -slipping into a General's shirt at one jump." This brought a big laugh -from the assembly, the General joining heartily. I thanked him and -extended my hand in token of my appreciation. He remarked, "You are -surely welcome, come around tomorrow at eleven o'clock A. M., and we -will talk matters over." He asked, "Have you ever been to Vicksburg." -"No Sir." "Do you know anything about the country around, and about the -City?" "This is my first experience in these diggins." "How would you -manage?" "I'll be governed by circumstances as they present themselves." -After a pause he repeated, "Come around tomorrow at eleven o'clock." I -gave the military salute and started towards the door, when he called me -saying, "Do you ever drink anything?" I answered, "General, this is a -strange question. Why didn't Jack eat his supper? I've not seen a drop -since we left Jackson," and I stated how I got that. He laughed and -said, "Go in that room," indicating the door with his index finger. "You -will find a table in there with liquors, I think a good drink will do -you good." One invitation was sufficient. I stepped into the next room, -and there I beheld a round table loaded with all kinds of bottles, -containing different liquors, some labeled different kinds of whiskies, -brandies, gin, schedam, schnapps, etc. I took the square bottle of -schedam and poured me out a stiff drink, thanked the General and -departed for my camp, but not being in the habit of drinking, I felt the -effects of the liquor. I felt somewhat, what I may call buoyant, and in -for any fun. I met Sergeant W. H. Hines. He said, "Ike, what luck?" "The -best in the world," tapping myself on the breast. "You see that shirt, -this once was General Walker's, now it's mine." I told him all that -passed at headquarters. The next day I reported as directed. The General -said, "Well, Hermann, the jig is up. While we were talking about the -matter yesterday, Pemberton surrendered, and I therefore do not need -your services." I said, "well, I wish he had held out until some other -day than the fourth of July." The General said, "Yes." - -As I started to camp, the General said, "Well, Hermann I thank you -anyhow for your offer and you shall have a furlough all the same. I give -you two weeks. I hope you will have a nice time." Major Martin who was -present said also, he hoped I would have a nice time. I replied, "Major, -I have not a cent of money, how can I have a nice time. We have not been -paid off since we left Savannah. Have you some money? If so I would like -to borrow until I get mine from the Government." He said, he had a fifty -dollar bill. If it would do me any good, I could have it. He handed me -the bill which was then worth about two or three dollars in specie. Such -was the depreciation of our currency. I went into the interior about ten -miles from camp. The people were downcast. They did not know what would -become of them. Jackson, the capital of the State, in the hands of the -enemy. Vicksburg, a large and well fortified city and defended by a -large army had surrendered and its defenders taken prisoners. The people -were in despair, not knowing what evil awaited them. I soon found out -that camps among the boys was the more congenial place for me, so after -an absence of three days I returned. - - - - -CHAPTER XV. - - -So one good afternoon, J. B. Thomas, a good clever comrade and good -soldier, and myself took a stroll and incidentally looking for something -to eat. We passed a vegetable garden, a luxury we seldom enjoyed. On the -side of the pailings were some squashes. Thomas remarked, I wish I had -some of them. I said, "Well, slip one of those palings and get a few, -I'll be on the watch out." No sooner said than done. Thomas gathered -about a dozen the size of my fist. He stuck them in his shirt bosom. I -gave him the alarm that the lady was watching him. As he looked up he -saw her at the other end of the garden. He started through the opening -he had made quicker than a rabbit could have done when pursued by -hounds. Thomas is a man of small stature and very short legged, but he -split the air to beat the band. We were both in our shirt sleeves, no -vests, only wore pants confined around the waist by a belt, the squashes -were bobbing up and down in his shirt, as he progressed and the -proprietress after him. Finally the squashes lifted the shirt out of his -confines and down came the squashes rolling on the ground. Thomas did -not stop, but casting a regretful side glance at his booty, he sped on -to camp, while his garment was floating to the breeze, caused by his -velocity. When the woman reached the spot where the squashes lay -scattered, she stopped, looking after the fleeing individual and sending -a full vocabulary of invectives after him. I who had followed leisurely -caught up while she gathered her squashes into her apron. I remarked, -"Madam, you seem to have spilled your vegetables." "No, it was not me -that spilled them, it's that good for nothing somebody, there he -runs--he stole them out of my garden." I said, "He ought not to have -done it, if I knew who he was I would report him." She said, "I would -not have minded to give him some if he had asked me for them, but I -don't like for anybody to go into my garden and take what belongs to -me." Poor woman, she had no idea that within a few days after our -departure, the enemy would appear and not only appropriate the needful, -but would destroy all the rest to keep her from enjoying any of it. She -offered me some of the squashes which I accepted with thanks. I carried -them to Thomas, saying she would have given you some if you had asked -for them. Thomas replied, he wished he had known it. - - - - -CHAPTER XVI. - - -The fall of Vicksburg ended the Mississippi Campaign, and our troops -were ordered to join the Army of Tennessee. All had left with the -exception of the Mississippi Regiment and our battery who were awaiting -transportation. Our commissary had also gone ahead of us and so we were -left to "root hog or die." We had to eat once in awhile any how. Quinton -Dudley and myself took a stroll to the commissary of the Mississippi -Regiment. I learned that his name was Coleman. Passing through the -building which was an old wooden railroad warehouse about a hundred feet -long and forty wide, Quinton picked up a piece of rock salt from a large -pile. Captain Coleman saw him put something in his haversack. In a brisk -manner, said, "What is that you have taken?" He showed him a piece of -salt the size of a hen egg. "Put it back," he hollowed at him. Quinton -threw it back on the pile very much humiliated. On our leaving the -building, I spied on the platform at the other end of the warehouse a -large hogshead full of smoked meat of all descriptions, there were -sides, shoulders and hams. They looked very enticing for hungry men like -we were. We went to camp and reported how that Captain had caught -Quinton who was very timid and did not like to be caught in the act. -Others felt different about such. We were entitled to a living while in -the field on duty. Some suggested that we go and charge the commissary -and get some rations. I said, "That would bring on some trouble. Maybe -we might get some of that meat by strategy," so we planned that W. N. -Harmon should take ten men around and about the warehouse, while I would -engage the Captain in conversation, during which time Harmon and his men -would help themselves to rations. I awaited an opportune moment when -Captain Coleman was at the other end of the building from where the -hogshead of meat stood. Entering by that end, I walked squarely up to -the Captain, extending my hand. "How do you do, Captain Coleman? I'm -very glad to meet you, it is an unexpected pleasure. How long since you -have heard from home?" He looked at me in surprise, holding onto my -hand. I heard some meat drop on the ground. I knew the meat was flying -campwards. "Well," said Capt. Coleman, "you have the advantage of me." -"Don't you know me?" says I? He replied, "Well, your face is familiar to -me, but I can't place you. Are you not from Emanuel county, Georgia?" -"No, but I have some kinfolks in Georgia with my name." "Well, then I am -mistaken and beg your pardon." "We have a lake on the Ogeechee River -called Coleman's Lake. I went there often for fishing, and was sure you -were one of the Colemans that lived there when at home. You favor them -very much." "Well, said he, they may be some kin to me." By that time, -between thirty and forty pieces of meat had changed hands. The next -morning transportation came, and we loaded the cars which carried us to -the Tennessee Army, then under the command of General Bragg, who was -then retreating, leaving Tennessee to the tender care of the Federals, -under command of General Rosencrantz. Our forces took a stand around and -about Lookout Mountain and Chickamauga. We struck camp some distance -from the main forces after unloading the train and watering and feeding -the horses. The boys took a swim in the river, a luxury not realized for -many days past. I was detailed to cut underbrush in the woods to assist -stretching ropes to corral our horses. I was not quite as green in -handling an axe by this time as I was in Virginia, when I was detailed -to cut wood for the blacksmith shop. I was again taken sick with risings -in my ear. I suffered as only those who ever suffered with such -affliction knew how to extend their sympathy. The pains were simply -excruciating and threw me into hot fever. We were ordered to strike -camps. We marched that forenoon until eleven o'clock. The sun was -shining in full force. I could no longer keep up. I stopped by the -roadside and lay down, waiting for the Company's baggage wagon to come -along. Lorenzo Stephens was the driver. After awhile he appeared on -foot. One of the rear axles of his wagon having broken, he therefore -hurried forward to get some assistance. In the meantime, the ambulance -came along in charge of the Company surgeon. He had me picked up and -placed in it. He said I had high fever and gave me some medicine, and as -we passed the station of a railroad, the name of which I did not know, I -was put on the train with others and sent to the Atlanta Hospital, in -charge of Dr. Paul Eve, of Augusta, Dr. Rosser being in charge of my -ward. I was suffering terribly, both of my ears were discharging -corruption. Through suffering and hardship, my general health was giving -away. I needed rest and time to recuperate. Medicines were hard to get, -and I was slow in recovering my strength. One day Dr. Rosser asked me if -I would like to have a furlough. He thought it would help me. I said, -"Yes, the best in the world, as soon as I can gain a little strength," -so he and Dr. Eve came to my cot the following morning, and after -examining my condition, departed. Dr. Rosser came again in the afternoon -and handed me a thirty days furlough. I was very grateful to him. He was -a perfect gentleman, hard working and sympathetic. I came home to my -foster mother, Mrs. Jas. L. Braswell, under whose care I soon gained -strength. - -[Illustration: "Madam, have you spilled your vegetables?" I enquired.] - - - - -CHAPTER XVII. - - -Before leaving the hospital I requested Dr. Rosser to inform my Captain -of my whereabouts and of my physical condition, which he promised he -would do, and I have no doubts he did. While at home I also corresponded -with some of my comrades. I enjoyed my furlough at Fenns Bridge among my -friends. Colonel Sol. Newsome, Hudson W. Sheppard, Bennett Hall, W. J. -Lyons, Daniel Inman and others, who came after their mail and -incidentally brought their fishing tackle and guns to fish and hunt in -the Ogeechee river and swamp, in the meantime discussing the ups and -downs of the men in the field. The above named citizens were all slave -owners and above the requisite age for military duty. It was quite a -pastime for me to hear them discuss among themselves the politics of -that day, for be it understood they were not exactly a unit in sentiment -as regards secession. They were about equally divided; some for the -union, while those who differed brought some of the most convincing -arguments to my mind to bear on the situation, and although young in the -cause of politics, I was obliged to take sides with them, as a matter -of right, as we saw it. Those who opposed did not question our right, -but differed as to the policy pursued. They contended that we were wrong -in judgment as the sequel had proven. In fact, we were not prepared for -such tremendous onslaughts as we had to meet, and we believed and had -reliance on our so-called friends across Mason and Dixon line, which -proved to be as bitter as the rankest abolitionists. One morning, Mr. -Brantley came up and brought the Georgian, a county news paper, saying, -"Hermann, your name is in this paper." I said, "Is it?" "Listen." - -"The following men are absent from their Commands without leave, and -should they not immediately report for duty, they will be reported as -deserters: J. J. Sheppard, I. Hermann and others whose names I have -forgotten. It was signed Captain Evan P. Howell, commanding battery. I -said, "Gentlemen, it is a lie, and here is the proof, showing my sick -furlough from Dr. Paul Eve." Mr. Lyons then spoke up, "Well, what are -you going to do about it?" I walked into cousin Abe's store, took a -sheet of paper and addressed, Mr. J. N. G. Metlock, Editor of the -Sandersville Georgian," - - "My dear sir:-- - - In perusing your previous issue I noted Capt. Evan P. Howell's - advertisement, which among others I was named as one absent - without leave, and should I not report immediately to my - command, he would publish me as a deserter. Now in simple - justice to myself, I wish to inform Capt. Howell, as well as - the public, that his statement is false, that I have a furlough - granting me leave of absence and that under no consideration - would I be away from my command, - - Very respectfully, - I. Hermann. - - At Home. - - P.S.--Please forward copy of your next issue to Captain Howell - and charge expenses to me." - -I returned to my friends and said, "Gentlemen, this is my reply, and -when my time is up, I shall report, either to Dr. Paul Eve, or Captain -Howell." Colonel Sol Newsome tapped me on the shoulder, saying, "Hurrah, -Hurrah for you, Hermann." In a few days later, Sergeant W. H. Hines, and -four men of my Company came to arrest me. I said to them, "You can't do -it as long as I have authority to remain here," and showed them my -furlough, which lacked about two weeks of having expired. They were all -glad I was properly fixed and so expressed themselves. They were also -glad of the opportunities they had to call upon their respective -families, which they would not have had otherwise. - -From Fenns Bridge I went to Macon to spend a few days with a cousin who -lived there. As I walked the street one named Colson who belonged to the -Provost Guard came up saying, "Ike old fellow, I have orders to arrest -you." "What for, Colson?" He answered, he did not know. "Who gave you -the orders?" He said "Major Roland." "Let us go up and see him." We -walked up from Cherry Street to Triangular block, where Roland, who was -commander of the Post, had his headquarters. The room was full of men -and officers, among whom I recognized Captain Napier, who had lost a -limb in Virginia; the rest were all strangers to me. Major Roland -addressed himself to me "What can I do for you?" "You had me arrested." -Colson was standing there; I looked at him; he said "You gave me the -orders." "What is your name?" "Isaac Hermann." Roland brightened up; -"You are the fellow I was after; you are reported as a deserter." I -pulled my furlough, which was somewhat dilapidated from constant wear -and tear; he scrutinized it closely, handing it back to me, saying, -"This paper is forged; some brother countryman fixed it up for you." -"You are a liar," I said. Quick as lightning he grabbed and drew his -sword, which was lying on the table, exclaiming as he faced me, "I am an -officer." In the meantime I executed a half about, drawing my pistol, -saying: "I am a private; if you make a move I'll put daylight through -you." And there we stood, facing each other for a few seconds, when one -of the officers in the room approached me, saying in a whisper, "Put up -your pistol, I am your friend." "Who are you?" "I am Paton Colquitt, -Colonel of the 46th Ga. Reg't., stationed at Charleston, S. C., I am on -my way to my command, but intend now to remain to see you out." I -extended my hand and he shook it heartily. Major Roland looked very -pale; the rest of the company present looked on with interest. Roland -ordered a Sergeant and four men as a guard to escort me to the guard -house. I said "I'll die first, right here, before I'll march through -Macon, guarded like a horse thief. I have not done anything to be -arrested for; I am known in Macon and will not submit to any such -indignity." Colonel Colquitt stepped up to the table, saying, "Will you -take me as sponsor for this gentleman, to report at any place you may -designate, without a guard?" Roland could not refuse, so trembling he -wrote me (a billet de logement): "To the Officer in Command at the -Calaboose: Admit the Bearer. By order of Major Roland, Commanding -Provost Post, Macon, Georgia." Before calling at the prison I passed to -where my cousin lived. I stated what had happened, so that she would not -look for me, as I was stopping at her house. She was much distressed and -feared personal harm would befall me. I reassured her the best I knew -how and requested her to let me have a blanket, if she could spare one, -so that I could sleep on it that night. I rolled the blanket, tied the -ends together with a string and drew it across my shoulder. On the way I -thought of the threat Captain Howell made at Bryant County, Camp Arnold, -when Sergt. Hines reported to me what he said, that he would get me yet. -I was mad; I was honor bound to report at the calaboose. Col. Colquitt -was my sponsor, I could not go back on him. Finally I arrived at the -prison, an old building, about 25 by 40; it might have been used as a -stable. I presented my ticket for admittance, the officer looked at it, -read it, then looked at me and smiled, and said, "Well, this is -unusual." I disengaged myself of the blanket, as he unlocked the door. -The room was packed with men, among them some Yankees, or some in -Federal uniforms. As the door was locked behind me one of the inmates -hollowed. "There is a new comer, he must sing us a song;" I remarked, I -rather felt like fighting than singing just now, when a big strapping -fellow presented himself, with his coat off, saying, as he put himself -in a fighting attitude, "Here is your mule;" I answered as I hit him, -"Here is your rider." I struck him such an unexpected blow that it -stunned him, when he said he had enough, as I was to double him. He -apologized, saying he was just funning; I answered and said, "I meant -it, and you believe it now; I am obliged to you for having given me this -opportunity, for I have been badly treated." I need not say that I was -respectfully treated by the rest of the inmates. And while room to lay -down was at a premium, I had all I needed for that purpose. The -following morning at the break of day, my name was called at the wicket; -I answered. The door swung open and there stood Col. Colquitt, smiling. -"Well, you are a free man"; "How did you do it!" "Ask me no questions -and I'll tell you no lies." I said, "Let me get my blanket I borrowed on -the way." He answered: "The train that will carry me to my regiment will -leave in half an hour, and I have done what I intended before going; I -wish I had a thousand men like you, and I would walk through Yankeedom." -I thanked him heartily for what he said and did, promising never to -forget it, and I never have. We walked some distance together, the -atmosphere was chilly, and I proposed to him if he would accept a treat -from me in the way of a drink; he said, "With great pleasure." We found -a place on our way to the depot, which was not very far, as the -Calaboose was situated a little back of the Brown House, and we drank a -drink of as mean potato whiskey, the only kind the men had, at one -dollar a dram, that was ever distilled. - - - - -CHAPTER XVIII. - - -As matters now stood, I was determined not to return to my Company until -I was entirely recovered to my usual health. So I reported to Dr. Green -in charge of the Floyd House Hospital for treatment. He asked me what -was the matter with me; I told him I did not know. He stripped me and -made a thorough examination, and when he got through he said, "You have -an enlargement of the heart, and ought not to be exposed." He prescribed -for me, and I reported to him daily until my furlough had expired. I -felt a great deal better and was about ready to return to my command, -but Dr. Green advised me not to do it yet awhile. I said, "My furlough -is out;" He said, "That does not make any difference, you are under my -charge for the present." In the meantime Major Roland was removed as -Commander of the Post at Macon and Col. Aiken was appointed in his -stead. While in the Hospital I made myself useful, and Dr. Green -appointed me General Ward-Master. My duties were to look over the entire -wards and see that those under me did their duty, and that all inmates -were properly attended to. One good morning Sergt. Haywood Ainsworth -came to me, saying, "Ike I have in my possession a letter for the -Commander of the Post, Col. Aiken, from Capt. Evan P. Howell; he is -giving you the devil; he sent me after you. If you go with me to the -command I will not deliver it." I said, "Haywood, do you know what he -writes in that letter?" "No, not exactly, but it is very severe." "I'd -like to see what he says." "Have you seen Col. Aiken; does he know you?" -No. "I will tell you what we will do; you give me the letter and I will -deliver it myself; you can see that I do it, he will not know me from -you, as he does not know either of us." Ainsworth laughed and says, -"Well as you say." So we both marched up to the Provost Marshal's -office. Col. Aiken was sitting in a chair at his desk. I walked up to -him, gave him the military salute, handed him the letter and took my -position behind his chair, looking over his shoulder as he read the -letter. Capt. Howell did not at all times write a very legible hand for -one not used to his writing; hence I being used to it, got through -before the Colonel did, I took a little step to my left and rear, -awaiting Col. Aiken's orders. "Sergeant, where is the man?" asked he. -"He is in the Floyd house hospital, in charge of Dr. Green." "Is he -sick." "I suppose so." "Then he is under proper authority, I can do -nothing in this case, as it stands. You go and see Dr. Green and ask him -if Hermann is well enough to be discharged and go to camp. If so and he -refuses to go, come to me and I will give the necessary assistance -required." I thanked him, saying, "Col. I do not think there will be any -necessity for me to trouble you further," and Haywood and myself left, -laughing all the way. Sergt. Ainsworth then said, Well Ike, you are a -good one, I know you won't give me away. I said, You surely do not think -that of me. Oh no! I have all confidence in you. Well, what are you -going to do? I will go back with you; I shall face the gentleman and -tell him what I think of him. What was in the letter, what did he say? -He stated in the letter that I was a very desperate character; that I -left in time of battle; that he had used all his efforts to get me back -to my command, and had failed. To please give Sergt. Ainsworth all -necessary assistance to accomplish that object. Continuing, I said, -Haywood, you like to go home; so do I. Suppose we go to Washington -county for a few days, say until Friday. You living in town put a notice -in the paper, stating that you will return to our camp which is now at -Dalton, and will take pleasure in forwarding anything that may be sent -to the boys from their friends and families. Sergt. Ainsworth said, That -is a good idea. I said, Well I will meet you at Tennille Friday on the -night train. But before we go, I must have the approval of Dr. Green, -under whose charge I now am; so we went to see Dr. Green: I stated to -him that I would like to return to my command. He said, You are not well -enough to do camp duty. I said, Well, under circumstances as they are, I -am willing to take my chances. I stated to him the facts as they were, -in the presence of Sergt. Ainsworth, who coincided to everything I said. -Then I remarked, Doctor, you have been very kind to me, and done me lots -of good, for which I am very grateful, but I can't rest under such -imputation; I intend to straighten matters out. So he said, Well, if I -can do anything for you or be any service to you, let me know what it is -and I will be glad to do it. I said, All I want is for you to give me a -statement under what condition I placed myself under your care, and the -date of my admittance and discharge, and your opinion as to my present -condition for active service. He said he would do that, he would make a -statement and have it ready in an hour. In the meantime Sergt. Ainsworth -and myself took a stroll through the city. I told my relatives and -friends good bye. We returned to the hospital, they were all sorry I -left them. Doctor Green gave me the papers I required, I put them in my -pocket unopened. He said, If there is anything else you need, let me -know. I thanked him very kindly, and we left for Washington county. -Sergt. Ainsworth said to me, Dr. Green seems to think a great deal of -you; he seems to be a perfect gentleman. I said, Yes, everybody who -comes in contact with him likes him; he is a very conscientious Doctor -and is very attentive to his business. Friday night I took the train at -Davisboro; I had about a dozen boxes for the boys in camp, under my -charge at Tennille. Sergt. Ainsworth met me with as many more boxes, and -we travelled to Dalton; it took us two nights and a day to get there. It -was Sunday morning early, when we reached camp. The boys were all glad -to see us, we delivered our trust and there was plenty of good things to -eat in camp, in consequence of our forethought. During my absence from -camp Dr. Stewart was transferred and Dr. Beauchamp took his place. I had -never seen him before, so I at once reported to him, gave him my papers -from Dr. Green and he at once relieved me from active duty. Then I -stated to him why I had returned to camp, and the feud that existed -between Capt. Howell and myself, and what he had done and said. So I was -determined to face the worst. I walked about that day among the boys in -camp, all of whom were my friends; if I had an enemy in camp outside of -Capt. Howell, I did not know it. About four o'clock p. m. I bethought -myself since I was not arrested after the awful charges having been made -against me, I had probably better report my presence, although every one -in camp, Captain included, knew I was there. So I just met Sergt. Hines, -being very intimate with him, I said, Bill, you want to have some fun? -Come with me, I am going to report at headquarters; since all that -hullabaloo I am still unmolested. The officers quarters were about one -hundred yards up on a ridge from where the pieces were parked. Capt. -Howell was sitting in front of his tent. I gave him the salute, saying, -Well, here I am. He answered, I thought I never would see you again. I -said probably you would not, if it had not been for some d----d lies -written to Col. Aiken, Provost Marshal at Macon. Who wrote them? Capt. -Evan P. Howell, Comdg. Battery. If you think that I am afraid of powder -and ball, try me ten steps. Do you mean it as a challenge? You are an -officer; I am a private; it is for you to construe it as you see fit. -I'll have you court-martialed and shot. I dare you to do it. In the -meantime Sergt. Hines was swinging to my jacket and we withdrew. So -Hines said, If I had known that you would get mad that way I would not -have come with you. So I remarked, I wanted you to come and be a -witness, as to what should pass between him and me. A half hour later -Sergt. Hines came to me, saying, Ike, you are on duty tonight. By whose -orders? Capt. Howell's. I said, It is not a rule to put a man on guard -duty who had passed two nights in succession without sleep, he might -fall asleep on his post. However, I did not come here to do duty, I -merely came to see what punishment Capt. Howell would inflict on me, as -he stated that I deserted; and again, I am relieved from duty by Dr. -Beauchamp. Sergt. Hines made his report. I saw Capt. Howell hastily walk -over to Dr. Beauchamp's quarters and expostulated with him as to my -ability of doing duty, thus impugning the Doctor's capacity as a -physician, he who after a thorough examination having passed on my -condition; I heard Dr. Beauchamp speaking in a loud voice: "Capt. -Howell, if you would attend to your duty as faithfully as I do mine you -would get along better with your men." Howell replied that he would -have me examined by a Board of Physicians. That's all right, that is -exactly what Hermann asked me to have done and I have already set him -down to meet the Board at Dalton on next Wednesday. In the meantime Dr. -Beauchamp treated me and I reported to him daily, when able to be up; if -not he came to my quarters. - -[Illustration: "I am a private--if you make a move I'll put daylight -through you."] - - - - -CHAPTER XIX. - - -Wednesday came, the day I was to report before the Board; I was not -feeling as well as I had a day or so previous. I went to Bell, our -ambulance driver, saying Joe, I have to meet the Board today at Dalton, -you will have to carry me there. He answered he could not do it as he -had orders from Capt. Howell to have the ambulance ready for him, as he -wanted to make a social call, so I said no more. Dr. Beauchamp who saw -me walking about in camp, came to me saying, I thought you were going to -Dalton today. I said I would go but Mr. Bell said the Capt. engaged the -ambulance to go on a social call; I thought that vehicle belonged to -your department and is intended for the sick only. So it is, says the -Doctor, and I am going to see about it. I said, Doctor, I do not feel -well enough to walk three miles and back today. In a few minutes Joe -Bell drove up with the ambulance, saying, Ike, get ready, I will drive -you to town. So I went before the field Board of Surgeons and -Physicians. Dr. Beauchamp had sent in his report of me, and I was -pronounced unfit for active duty and discharged from service on account -of ill health. This action took me from under the jurisdiction of Capt. -Howell, greatly to my relief. I thanked the Board, saying, Gentlemen, I -enlisted for the war, and at times I am able to do some duty. There are -other duties besides standing guard, camping out and shooting. I am -willing to do anything I am able to do. About that time Major Martin -came in, undoubtedly sent there by Capt. Howell. After speaking to the -Doctors he turned to me, we shook hands and he said, Well Hermann, take -good care of yourself, I hope you will recover and get entirely well; -you have been badly treated, I am sorry to say. Good bye. We again shook -hands, he mounted his horse and departed at a gallop. The Board gave me -an order to report to Gen. E. K. Smith, who was then in Atlanta, doing -post duty. He asked me how long I had been on the sick list, and I -replied about three months. He said, Can you do any office work; I -answered I did not know to what kind of work he would assign me to. He -said, Can you write? I told him yes; so he put me to copying some -documents, which I did to his satisfaction. The desk at which he put me -to work was breast high and I had to stand up. The following day I was -suffering so I could not do anything, and I had no more medicine. The -next day I felt worse. Dr. G. G. Crawford called in the office; he was -in charge of the fair ground hospital. General Smith said, Doctor, what -is the matter with this man; since yesterday, he seems to be suffering -very much. Dr. Crawford spoke to me and asked what my complaint was. I -told him I was suffering in my chest, and I was trying to write at that -desk and grew worse. He said, You are a Frenchman! I said Yes. He said -he could tell it from my brogue. And he then talked French to me and -told me he studied medicine in Paris, and having lived there myself our -conversation grew interesting to both of us. So he turned to General -Smith and said General, I think I can help him considerably, even if I -can't cure him. So General said, "Hermann, you go with Dr. Crawford, he -will take charge of you." And we left together for the fair ground -hospital, a temporary institution, built of wood, roughly put up, -consisting of several wards, whitewashed in and out. I found Dr. -Crawford to be a perfect gentleman and very interesting and we got along -like brothers; he was very kind to me. Under his treatment I recuperated -wonderfully and in a couple of weeks I thought I was entirely cured. I -made myself as useful as possible, still continuing my course of -medicine. Dr. Crawford appointed me to the same position I held under -Dr. Green at the Floyd hospital at Macon, and he was well pleased with -my work, as well as the inmates of the hospital. - - - - -CHAPTER XX. - - -General Bragg was removed from the command of the army of Tennessee and -Gen. Joseph E. Johnston appointed in his place early in the Spring of -1864. The campaign opened and Gen. J. T. Sherman commanded the Federal -forces. His sanguinary and uncivilized warfare on the defenseless is a -matter of history. His careless application of the torch, destroying by -fire whatsoever he could not carry off, leaving the old and decrepit, -the women and children to perish in his wake as he marched through -Georgia, and reducing to ashes everything within his reach, within a -scope of territory fifty miles wide by over three hundred miles long. -Johnston's army consisted of only about half the strength of that of his -antagonist, consequently he adopted tactics by which he reduced -Sherman's army every time that General would make an attack. Joseph E. -Johnston acted all along on the defensive, but was ever ready to inflict -severe punishment. When General Sherman would force his lines of -defense, thus General Johnston generally ceded ground. While his defeats -were actual victories, as the cemeteries along the line of his march -indicate. The hospitals were filling up with sick and wounded; -provisions became scarce, especially as our territory became gradually -contracted. So Dr. Crawford came to me one morning, saying, "Hermann, I -want to send you out on a foraging expedition. Do you think you can buy -up provisions for the hospital? I just drew my allowance of $10,000.00; -it wont buy much at present prices." Yes, I can try and make it go as -far as possible. What do you say? I remarked, Doctor, I will try and do -my best. So he gave me two packages of newly struck Confederate money, -all the way from $1,000.00 to $5.00 bills, more money than I had ever -had in my possession, and I was actually afraid to carry such sums -around with me, although I knew it was not of much value. I also wanted -all the linen, lint and bandages that I could get. I came to Washington -county where I was known; I put a notice in the weekly paper edited by -J. M. G. Medlock, setting forth my mission, and that I would gladly -receive any contribution for the sick and wounded at the fair ground -hospital in Atlanta, under the charge of Dr. Geo. G. Crawford, of the -army of Tennessee, and that I would pay the market price to any who did -not feel able to contribute the same free of charge; that I would -publish all contributions in the Central Georgian. I wrote to the -Central Railroad Company's office at Savannah, asking them to kindly -spare me two box cars, one at Bartow and one at Davisboro, on a certain -day, when I would load them with provisions for the hospital. The -officials kindly offered me the cars free of charge. It was on Thursday -I came to Bartow. Mr. Sam Evans, the agent, gave me all his assistance, -and provisions commenced to rolling in. Mr. Warren from Louisville, Ga., -sent me four horse wagon loads of flour from his mill, free of charge. -Mr. Tarver, a large planter, brought me a heavy load of meats, chicken, -eggs, butter, etc. Mr. B. G. Smith also brought me a hogshead of hams, -shoulders and sides, the meat all nicely smoked, and 100 pounds of leaf -lard, chickens, eggs and sweet potatoes, in fact the farmers of that -section, all well to do people and slave owners, vied with each other as -to who could do the most. I filled up the car that day with the choicest -provisions which did not cost me a nickel. Many poor women would bring -me the last chicken they had, and when I wanted to pay for the same -refused to take the money, and regretted they could not do any more. -They unraveled all the old linen table cloth and brought me bags full of -lint and bandages. That night I forwarded the car under special -instructions by Mr. Evans that it contained perishable goods, labeled -for the hospital in Atlanta. The following day I went to Davisboro, Ga. -W. C. Riddle, Simon Thomas, Daniel Inman, Ben Jordan, Syl Prince, Daniel -Harris and others in that neighborhood proved themselves as generous and -patriotic as the people of Bartow and filled my car to overflowing with -all kinds of provisions, with the exception of one instance; in regard -to his worthy family I will withhold his name. He was a well to do -farmer and had a profession. He was a hot secessionist and made speeches -to that effect. On the day of receiving he came up in a fine buggy, with -a bushel of sweet potatoes. I said to him, What are they worth? He -answered, "Four dollars," I think is what they are selling at. I paid -the money and he departed, and that was all the money on the debit side -of the $10,000.00. The same was published as stated in the Georgian. I -returned to Atlanta with the last car of provisions and when I alighted -from the car the hospital convalescents actually carried me on their -shoulders and would not let me walk. Dr. Crawford looked on me in wonder -when I returned my account and gave him back the $10,000.00 minus $4.00, -and said, Well that gives me money to fix up my hospital as it should -be. He bought sheets and mattresses and had the hospital renovated and -made as comfortable as money could make it. Under Dr. Crawford's -treatment I again became strong and the paroxysms of pain gradually gave -way and became less frequent until I really considered that I was a well -man again. - - - - -CHAPTER XXI. - - -My cousin in Macon gave a little social entertainment and sent me an -invitation. I showed the same to the Doctor, and he said, Well go, I -give you 48 hours. The following morning I hurried to the Quartermaster -with my furlough for transportation by placing my permission on his -desk. The train just blew the signal for departure; I picked up the -transportation and in my hurry left my furlough on the desk. Between -Atlanta and Griffin the guards passed through the coaches to inspect all -papers of the passengers. When they came to me I found my transportation -in my side pocket minus my forty-eight hours leave of absence. I -explained how it might have happened, and hoped they would let me -continue, but I was requested to get off at Griffin, which I did, and -asked the guard to conduct me to the Provost Marshal, so that I might -explain, and he could inform himself, never doubting but that he would -wire and inform himself of the correctness of my statement and let me -proceed. Instead, he told me he had heard such statements before and -informed the guard to be especially vigilant in regard to me, so I was -conducted to an old livery stable that served as a prison. This was in -Dec. 1863. I spoke to my guard if there was not a way by which I could -communicate with Dr. Crawford in Atlanta; he said he did not know. I -said, Please tell the Provost to write to Dr. Crawford about me. -Presently one of the guards brought me a broom, saying, It is a rule -when a new comer comes to make him sweep out the calaboose. I said, Well -this time you will have to break your rule. Do I understand that you -refuse to comply? I certainly do. He went to the Sergt. of the Guard and -made his report as to what passed between us. The Sergt. came at once, -saying I understand you refuse to sweep out the calaboose. I certainly -do; is it for this which I am arrested? He said, Do you know the -penalty, sir? No, and I don't care, was my reply. He remarked, You'll be -bucked and gagged for two hours. I again said, "You'll have a nice time -doing it." He answered. Not so much talk; pull off your overcoat. I -said, If I do I'll make you feel sorry for it. All this occurred while I -was standing before the fire place, with my hands behind me. In front of -me about five feet distance, stood a wooden bench. The Sergeant stood -between me and it. Calling for the guard to come up, they asked him if -they should bring their guns. He said no, only one bring his gun. They -came up. When the Sergeant put his hand on me as if to unbutton my coat. -I had moistened the knuckles of my fingers by passing them between my -lips, concentrated the muscles' tension and struck the Sergeant over the -bridge of his nose, sending him sprawling backward over the bench, his -head hitting the pavement, and I had to dodge to avoid his heels hitting -me under the chin. The man who had the musket made a lunge at me. -Fortunately I had a memorandum book in my side pocket which he hit and -dented the leaves of it half way through. I grabbed at the gun and -caught it just at the curve of the bayonet, close to the muscle, and -jerked it out of his hands. I made moulinets, holding the gun by the -barrel and bayonet, and drove the whole guard, consisting of twelve men, -before me. One of them stopped at the rack, close to the door, which was -open, to reach for a gun, when I hit him with the butt end on the arm, -just below the shoulder, and sent him to the ground, falling as he went -in the middle of the street. The exit of the men out of the guard house -was so hasty it attracted the attention of the populace so that in a -very short space of time a crowd had assembled before the door, looking -askance as to what had happened, among which was a Lieut. Colonel, -judging from the ensign he wore. Advancing to me, who stood quietly at -the entrance, at parade rest, he, undoubtedly thinking that I was the -sentinel, asked me what was the matter, what are the casualties. I -simply remarked, Nobody hurt on my side, Colonel. What is all this -assemblage here doing? So I explained to him what had happened and the -cause of it. He asked me where were the guards. I pointed out some of -them in the crowd; they gradually approached. He asked some of them to -lead him to the Provost Marshal, whose name was Capt. Willis, which -gentleman (pardon the expression) he berated to the utmost, telling him -that he was not fit for a hog herder much less to be in command of human -beings, who ever heard of bucking and gagging in the Confederate Army. I -am going to report you to the proper authorities, and he ordered him to -send me back to Atlanta by the next train, so that I might prove my -assertion. The train from Macon to Atlanta was due within half an hour, -so I was sent back under guard of a Lieutenant and four men with loaded -muskets, with orders to shoot should I make an effort to escape. Luckily -in my school days, which were close to an army post, I went twice a -week to the armory to take lessons in boxing and sword exercise, and -while I do not profess to be an expert in those sciences, they served me -tolerably well in the above stated instance, and others through which it -has been my misfortune to pass. Arriving in Atlanta, I was conducted to -the Provost Marshal. The Lieutenant in command of the guard handed him a -letter which the Provost read, after which he looked at me, standing in -the middle of the room, and said, Well Lieutenant, I'll take charge of -the prisoner; you can go back by the next train. The Lieutenant saluted -him and he and his guard departed. It was between four and five o'clock -in the afternoon. There were two more men at the office at their desks, -and they soon left the room, leaving me and the Provost by ourselves. -Turning to me he said, You belong to Walker's Brigade? I said, Yes, -Howell's Battery. He said, Well I thought I knew you. He said, Well you -got in a h----l of a scrape. I answered that I did not know that a man -losing his furlough was so criminal. He looked up at me in surprise, -saying, This is not what you are charged with; you are charged with -striking a superior officer; do you know the penalty? Yes, shot if found -guilty. What did you do it for? About that time I had been eyeing my -questioner all along, I thought I knew him but I could not place him. He -was Capt. Beebee of a South Carolina Regiment. I answered him thus, -"Well, Captain, I fought for the rights of the Confederacy for the last -three years and thought five minutes for myself was not too much." I -explained to him all of the circumstances leading to my present -condition. He exclaimed, "My God, why did you not kill him?" I said I -did my best, I only got one lick at him and I give him a good one. He -said Go over to the quartermaster's and see if you find your papers; if -not I will give you some that will carry you through. I ran across the -street, asking the quartermaster if I did not leave my furlough on his -desk that morning. He opened a drawer and handed me my paper. I thanked -him and reported my find to Capt. Beebee, who said, I know you are -alright, you can go. We shook hands and I went my way to the fair ground -hospital for the night to make a new start in the morning. Dr. Crawford -seeing me said, I thought you had gone to Macon. I answered that I had -gone a part of the way and was brought back under guards. How was that? -So I recounted to him all the circumstances and illustrated with a -musket the picture of the guard getting out of my reach. Dr. Crawford -laughed till he cried. Well you had a time of it, said he. I sure did, -and half of my permit is out. He said, Well go and stay as long as you -like it, but not too long. He wrote me another permit and I again made -for the train leading to Macon. This time the guard did not come aboard -inspecting papers, but the train on arriving at Griffin was entered by -the guards and papers were shown. I was sitting by the window of my -coach when I heard some one say "Sergt. there is the fellow, the same -fellow," pointing at me. I had not noticed the Sergt. at first as I was -looking above and beyond him, and I saw him standing right close beside -the train, in front of the window. I put out my head to speak to him; he -had a bandage around his forehead and both of his eyes were inflamed and -discolored. I said to him, Sergt. are you hurt? He did not reply, so I -said, I am sorry for you, the next time you want to have some fun in the -bucking, gagging line you try some one else who likes that kind of sport -better than I do. The train departed and nobody even looked at my papers -that day. I arrived at Macon a day after the feast, but had a pleasant -day anyhow. - - - - -CHAPTER XXII. - - -Before the battle of Resaca Dr. Crawford was ordered to move his -hospital further into the interior, so he located at Vineville, a suburb -of Macon. He pitched his buildings in front of Mr. Burrell Jordan's -premises and sent me again on a foraging expedition. I came again home -to Washington County, expecting to make headquarters at the home of Mr. -Benjamin G. Smith, where I was always welcome. Mr. Smith however, at -that time seemed to be very much disturbed and not in his usual pleasant -and cheerful mood. I asked him the cause of his troubles; he handed me a -slip of paper just received from Lieut. Stone, recruiting agent at -Sandersville, to be sure and report without fail at Sandersville on the -following Thursday to be mustered into service. Mr. Smith was a widower; -his wife had died a couple of years previous, leaving him an only -daughter about four years old. Mr. Smith was the owner of about one -hundred slaves and a very large plantation. He remarked to me, Hermann, -I do not mind going to the front, but what is to become of my dear -little Jenny among all those negroes; this is more than I can stand. Mr. -Smith was a great benefactor to the indigent widows and orphans, and -soldiers' families. He contributed unstintedly to the wants of those at -home whose male persons were at the front fighting the battles of their -country; in fact he ran his whole plantation in their interest, making -thousands of provisions which he distributed among them as they stood in -need and without remuneration. This was the period of the war when -everybody able to bear arms was called to the front, and the saying was, -"The Government is robbing the cradle and the grave." Sherman was -advancing; Johnston was falling back; the people were clamorous for a -test fight, General Johnston could not see the advantage of the same and -still kept retreating. The battle of Kennesaw mountain was hotly -contested, with severe punishment to the enemy but Johnston withdrew and -thus fell back to the gates of Atlanta. Referring again to Mr. Smith, I -told him I thought I had a solution to his troubles. I said, Carry your -little girl to Mrs. Francis, your sister; she will take care of her. -This is only Tuesday, we will run up to Macon tonight, and I will plead -your cause before Governor Brown, who had established his headquarters -there. I think it worth a trial anyway, you can't lose anything by it -anyhow. This was about 3 o'clock p. m. He at once gave orders to his -cook to boil a ham and make biscuits and that night about midnight we -took the train to Macon, Ga. We took breakfast at my cousin's and -repaired to the Governor's headquarters. I saw the Governor in front of -a table, examining some papers. I said, This is Governor Brown? He said -Yes, what will you have? I introduced myself, stating that I was a -member of Howell's Battery, and that on account of disabilities was -relieved from duty and assigned by Dr. Crawford as foraging agent. I -related the condition of Mr. Smith and his surroundings, saying, That -man is worth as much at home as a regiment at the front. The Governor at -once wrote on a sheet of paper, handing it to Mr. Smith, said, Hand this -to the enrolling officer. It was an exemption from military duty. We -took our leave, thanking the Governor. Mr. Smith was so overcome with -the fact that I had never seen such emotion displayed by a man; tears -ran down his cheeks; his thoughts concentrated on his "Sis" as he called -his little daughter Jenny. - -Mr. Smith lived to a ripe old age. He was of a very benevolent -disposition. He was a religious man but not a fanatic, quick answering -and very charitable. Many now prosperous and substantial citizens owe -their start in life to his munificence. He was as gentle as a woman but -as firm as a rock in his convictions. In his death Washington County has -sustained an irreparable loss and the State a true and loyal citizen. - - - - -CHAPTER XXIII. - - -General Joseph E. Johnston was removed from command and General John B. -Hood was appointed in his stead. Dr. Crawford was ordered to remove to -Montgomery, Ala. In reference to the battle of Resaca I omitted to state -that I received a letter from my friend B. S. Jordan, whom I had -appointed as local agent to forward supplies for the general hospital, -that his brother, Jas. P., a Capt. in the 57th Ga. Regt., and a dear -friend of mine, was dangerously wounded. I at once set out in quest of -him and found him lying on a pallet on the platform of the depot. He was -suffering, but when he saw me he brightened up. I said, poor fellow, are -you wounded badly? He said, Yes, and indicated the place. Now I have to -refer to a little incident that transpired at the time when Capt. Jordan -had organized a Company and was about to leave for the front: This was -in 1862. When I had already experienced one year's service in the 1st -Ga. Regiment. I said, Well, James, don't you let me hear of you being -shot in the back. He was indignant. Never, replied he, emphatically. But -when he indicated his wound, I remarked at once: Shot in the back, as I -expected. Suffering as he was, he laughed heartily and said I want to -explain; I said, No explanation is necessary, the evidence is before me. -He remarked, Yes, but I want to explain how it was done. I said -evidently by a musket ball in the hands of a Yankee, and so I teased him -until he nearly forgot all about his wound, which was in the fleshy part -of his hip. Captain James P. Jordan was of a noble and chivalrous -disposition and his Company had seen much hard service. He explained -that they were ordered forward on a double quick to charge the enemy in -their immediate front, when owing to some obstructions his Company got -out of line, turning towards them to align them a ball had struck him -and he was carried to the rear. I carried him to the Vineville hospital. -Dr. Crawford extracted the ball, and when his Uncle Burrell heard of his -being there he had him removed to his home and well taken care of. - -It must be remembered matters were getting very squally; every available -man and boy was called to the front. The battle of Atlanta was fought -and lost at a great sacrifice to both sides, on July 21st, 1864, Gen. W. -H. T. Walker on our side, General McPherson on the Federal side, were -both killed. The City was sacked and laid into ruins as a result of the -most uncivilized warfare. General Hood changed his tactics, and after -the engagement at Jonesboro he swung to Sherman's rear, expecting by -that move to cut off Sherman's supplies and reinforcements, and Sherman -having now no army in front to oppose him marched through the length of -Georgia by rapid strides to the sea, Savannah being his objective -point. - - - - -CHAPTER XXIV. - - -The prisoners at Andersonville, amounting to many thousand, owing to -their Government refusing to exchange them, preferring to let them die -in their congested condition rather than to release those of ours, -caused untold hardships on those unfortunate fellows. Their own -Government even refused to furnish them with the requisite medical -relief and medicine which became unobtainable on account of the close -cordon of blockaders guarding our ports of entry. It must be remembered -that while we on the Confederate side had only seven hundred thousand -available men, in round numbers, in every branch of the service, our -adversary had, according to statistics, two million, seven hundred -thousand men in the field, and while we had exhausted all our resources -they still had the whole world to draw from. Neither were they -particular then, as now, as to what kind of emigrants landed in Castle -Garden or Ellis Island, but they accepted the scum of the world, paying -fifteen hundred dollars bounty as an incentive to enlist in their army. -Such were the conditions in the latter part of 1864. General Wheeler's -Cavalry was the only force that swung close to Sherman's flanks, thus -keeping his columns more compact and preventing them from doing more -depredations than they did. Even as it was, they lived on the fat of the -land, and as stated, wantonly destroyed what they could not carry along, -to the detriment of the defenceless women and children. - -Dr. Crawford was ordered to remove his hospital to Montgomery, Alabama. -I was out foraging; I was at Davisboro, Station No. 12, Central R. R. -when a train load of the Andersonville prisoners stopped at the station. -The train consisted of a long string of box cars. Davisboro was not then -the prosperous little city it is now; it consisted of only one dwelling -and outhouses usually attached to a prosperous plantation, and a store -house; it was owned by Mrs. Hardwick, the great grandmother of our now -Congressman, T. W. Hardwick, an elderly widow lady, who for the -accommodation of the railroad kept an eating house where the train hands -would get their meals as the trains passed on schedule time. Curiosity -led me to approach the train, which was heavily guarded by sentinels -stationed in the open doors and on top of the cars, with loaded muskets, -to prevent escapes, when I heard the grand hailing words of distress -from an inmate of the car. Being a Mason, I demanded what was wanted, -when some one appealed to me, "For God's sake give me something to eat, -I am starving to death; somebody stole my rations and I have not eaten -anything for three days." Being meal time I at once run in the dining -room of the Hardwick House, picked up a plate with ham and one with -biscuits, and ran to the train, called on the man in Masonic terms, and -handed him the provisions that I had wrapped up in a home made napkin, -bordered with indigo blue. It was seven o'clock p. m. and one could not -distinguish the features of an individual; it was a starless, foggy -night. After the train left I entered the house and excused myself for -the rudeness of taking the provisions as I did. Mrs. Hardwick not having -been in the dining room at the time I explained to her that my -obligations were such that I had to render assistance to any distressed -Brother Mason; he applying to me as such; "I am now ready to pay you for -all the damages I did," and this was her reply: "I don't charge you -anything honey, I am glad you did it." But not so with her housekeeper, -Miss Eliza Jackson, who berated me for everything she could think of, -saying, "They had no right to come here and fight us; you are nothing -but a Yankee yourself," etc., etc. Miss Jackson was a long ways beyond -her teens, so I said, "Miss Liza, you are mad, because owing to the war -your chances for marriage have greatly diminished, especially with the -disposition you have." Those present enjoyed her discomfiture. - -Usually when troops were about to be ordered in transit, they were -issued three days rations, all of which were often walloped out of sight -at one square meal on account of its meagerness; undoubtedly that is -what happened to my Masonic Brother; he received his rations and someone -stole them. I myself often ate at one meal what was intended to last me -three days and trusted for the future. I never felt any remorse of -conscience to get something to eat, if I could; I felt that the people -for whom I devoted my services in those days owed me a living, and when -the authorities failed to supply it, I took it where I could find it. - - - - -CHAPTER XXV. - - -I rejoined Dr. Crawford and he sent me out again. I took the train to -Greenville, Alabama, and walked about eight miles to Col. Bowens', who -was an uncle of Mrs. John George. Mrs. George was a niece of Mrs. -Braswell, where I boarded. She came to spend many days with her Aunt -while I was with the family; her home was only about three miles -distant. She married Mr. George and moved to Butler County, Alabama. Mr. -Bowen, her uncle, furnished me with a horse and I rode out to see them. -Butler county is a sort of an out of the way place, and that country had -not been overrun with soldiers, and provisions were plentiful. When I -hollowed at the gate she recognized me at once and was overjoyed; she -took me around the neck and kissed me. George ran out saying, "Mollie! -Mollie! What are you doing." She said, "Never mind that is home folks." -Poor woman, she was so overcome to see someone from home that she -actually cried for joy. They were a happy family. I gave them all the -news about their people, as I had just come from there. I stated my -business and both of them set in the following day to assist me in my -duty. Butler county, where they lived was a very hilly country, but -tolerably thickly settled, and provisions came in by the quantities. I, -with the assistance of my host and hostess, filled a single box of eggs -six by three feet long and three feet high. We stood every one on its -end with alternate layers of bran and sawdust and carried them over a -very rough road to Greenville, together with a great many chickens and -shipped them to the hospital, and we only lost three dozen eggs by -breakage. One morning we heard the report that the enemy, in great -force, was approaching. People were leaving the city. With the exception -of a small garrison there was no defense. Dr. Crawford had to abandon -the city, removed all that were in condition to get away, but there were -about a half a dozen men who were too sick to be removed. The enemy came -into the city soon after we left. Dr. Crawford remarked to me that -evening, "Herman, I am going to send you back to take charge of the -hospital and those poor fellows that I could not get away." I demurred, -saying that I did not care to be taken prisoner. He said, "Listen; In -all civilized warfare the medical department is exempt from -molestation." I said, "From the way this war is waged it is not -altogether civilized, but I am under your orders; I'll do what you want -me to do." He said, "I'll take it as a great favor; I can't abandon -those poor fellows, some one has to take care of them and administer to -their wants." He said he did not know where he would locate but wherever -he went I must come back to him. I was then about nine miles from -Montgomery. It was late in the evening, and I took it afoot back. When -passing through Macon on my way to Montgomery, I passed a night with my -cousin, Mrs. Wurzbourg, whose husband was exempt from military duty on -account of physical infirmity. My jacket which I wore was threadbare, -and even (holy). He presented me with one of his blue flannel sack -coats. I had previously been able, through Dr. Crawford, to get enough -cloth for a pair of pants and vest. It was blockade goods which the -Government had purchased, and it was of a coarse textile, and of a light -blue cast, and thus I was fairly decently clothed. In those days the -Confederate grey was very much lacking, and men, as well as women, had -to wear anything, of any color they could get hold of. So after leaving -Dr. Crawford, to return to the hospital at Montgomery, I stopped over at -a cottage. The proprietor had a watch repair and jewelry shop in -Montgomery, who owned a small plantation about six miles from the city. -He had left the city for lack of business, and now lived at his country -home. He was an Englishman, his wife was French. This book being written -entirely from memory, after a lapse of about a half a century, I can't -remember the names of those people, but they were very kind and -hospitable. After supper we repaired to their little parlor. The house -was well kept, and proved that the mistress of the same knew how to -manage a home and make it comfortable. There was a piano, and I asked -the lady, (talking French to her), if she would kindly play a little. So -she asked me if I could sing some French songs; I said a few. She at -once repaired to the instrument, and asked me what will you have. I of -course called for the Marseillaise, which she performed to perfection. -So she asked me to sing; I started the melody of - - Adieu Patrie - France Cherie - Ou Chaque jour - Coulait si pure - Mon helvretie - Douce et jolie - Pays d'Amour - O ciel d azure - Adieu, Adieu! - -Having finished that stanza I noticed she had quit playing and was -crying; so I remarked, "Madam, had I known that my singing would have -had such an effect I surely would not have sung." By way of explanation -she remarked that her first husband was a composer and that the song I -sang was his first effort and he received a prize on it. Oh those were -happy days she said! Her husband talked very kindly to her and the -general conversation turned on France and of days gone by. She had lived -in Paris and knew many business houses that I knew and I passed a most -pleasant night. The following morning I sat down to a substantial -country breakfast. We had hardly finished when the negro servant ran in, -saying, "Master the Yankees are coming. They are here." Looking up the -road, sure enough, a few hundred yards beyond where the road turned, -they were in view. I at once, on the first impulse, jumped into a -closet. Hardly was I in, closing the door, when I thought of this being -the first place they would examine. I opened the door, and not knowing -where to go I went into the back yard, between the house and the smoke -house. Hardly had I done so when a dozen or more Yankees left their -column entered the house very boisterously. Being dressed somewhat like -they were, in blue, lacking but the brass buttons, I entered the back -door, unconcernedly, mixing among them without being detected or -noticed. Some of the men had placed their guns in the corner of the -room; when of a sudden my hostess run in by the back door, crying, "My -God! They are taking all of my meat." I don't know what impelled me but -I seized a gun from the corner, ran out of the back door, brought my -weapon from a trail to a support, and ordered the two men to throw back -the hams each of them had in their grasp, one of which acted at my -command, and the other said, What in the h----l you got to do with it. -Before I could reply his comrade said to him, "Throw it down, don't you -see he is a safe guard;" he threw down the hams. I took the cue from -what the Yankee said, although it was the first time I had heard of a -safe-guard. The door of the dwelling wide open, those in the house saw -me walk the post back and forth, made their exit and left the house, and -as long as I was guarding, no more Yankees tarried on the premises; they -came, looked about and left the premises as soon as they saw me standing -guard, until the whole column had passed. My host came to me saying, -Well, they are all gone, thank God, I said no, the rear guard has not -passed. The dwelling house was constructed close to the ground, leaving -only about a foot space in front while the rear end was about two and a -half feet from the ground. I took my gun and crawled under the house. -Presently there came what I thought to be about a regiment, and several -stragglers. Finally I came from under the house. I gave my hostess the -gun I'd taken, telling her, If I do not call for it it shall be yours. -My host took my hands, shook them heartily, saying, "You are a hero;" I -laughed, saying, Well, I saved your bacon; Good bye; I am much obliged -to you for your kind hospitality, and if it had not been for those -fellows we would have had a good time. I started on my philanthropic -errand, not knowing if I would find the sick men dead or alive. I had -gone but a few hundred yards when I met a Federal soldier marching -hastily to catch up. He said, Are they far ahead; I said, No, about five -hundred yards or a quarter of a mile. You are going the wrong way, said -he. I answered, I am not going far, I lost something. Further on I met -two more, who like the first, took me for a Federal. One said, Comrade -you are going the wrong way. I said, I am not going far. How far behind -are we? I said, Not far, a few hundred yards. And so within about one -and a half mile I met a dozen stragglers, walking to catch up, all -comparatively asking the same questions, and to which I replied alike. -When about four hundred yards in front of me, and about alike in the -rear of the last straggler I saw four horsemen, riding abreast, holding -their carbines by the barrel and resting the butt on their thighs. I -recognized them as Confederates. I walked up to them, asking, What -troops do you belong to? Harvey's Scouts of Forrests' Cavalry, was their -reply. Are there any others behind? Yes. How far? The rear of the -enemy's column is about two miles ahead of you, said I, and there are -about a dozen stragglers, some with guns, and some have none; they are -separated several hundred yards apart, some single and some in pairs; if -you spur up you can catch the whole gang; I'll tell those men ahead of -me to hurry up. Where is Capt. Harvey? You'll find him in the Exchange -Hotel, in town. They at once put spurs to their horses and galloped on, -and I followed my course towards the city. I met the reinforcements some -little distance ahead of me, and reported what I had seen and told their -advance scouts. They all went at full speed, and later, I saw the whole -gang of stragglers brought in. I asked Capt. Harvey what had become of -the inmates at the hospital. He said he did not know for he had just -arrived that morning. I went to the hospital, found things in rather bad -shape and the inmates gone. After careful investigation I heard that the -Ladies Relief Association had taken care of the sick and that they were -well provided for. - - - - -CHAPTER XXVI. - - -Dr. Crawford followed General Hood's army and established headquarters -at Corinth, Miss. I followed at once, as soon as I could locate him. I -bought what provisions I could along the stations. At Columbus, Miss., -some Federals who came there to tear up the track fired in the train as -we passed; several of the passengers were wounded but General Forrest -appeared at that moment on the scene and routed the enemy, killing and -wounding quite a number of them, and thus preventing the wreckage of the -railroad track. The car I rode in was riddled with bullets, but I -escaped unhurt; several of the passengers had a close call. - -While at Corinth I was deputized to carry a message to the front, this -side of Franklin, Tennessee. I arrived in time where General Beauford's -men had a brush with the enemy. A stray bullet hit me in the thigh, and -for a time I thought I was seriously hurt. I was close to a little -stream of water. I had my leg tied above the wound with my handkerchief -and put it in the running stream. A surgeon came to probe my wound, but -trembled like a man having the palsy, and I told him he must not touch -me any further; he could hardly put his probe in the hole made by the -bullet. After a while I was picked up and sent to the rear where I was -cared for by Dr. Crawford, who was very sorry and regretted having sent -me. My wound was doing so well and there was no inflammation taking -place, and by keeping cold applications on it I was able to be about in -less than two weeks. Dr. Crawford said I did the best thing that could -be done by keeping inflammation down by putting my leg in the stream. -The wound did so well that he would not bother it to extract the ball, -and so I still carry it as a memento of the war. While at Corinth the -ladies of Washington county sent me a box. The battle of Franklin was -fought and a victory dearly bought. Two weeks later the battle of -Nashville was fought, and General Hood's magnificent army nearly -annihilated. They came through Corinth the worst conditioned men I ever -laid my eyes upon. There I met Lieut. John T. Gross of this County and -Capt. Joe Polhill of Louisville, Ga., and about twenty of their command. -They were hungry and in rags; I said, "Boys, you are in a bad fix." -Capt. Polhill said, "Ike, can you tell me where I can get something to -eat; I am starved." I said I had just heard that there was a box in the -depot for me, let us see what is in it. I took the crowd up to the -hospital and all got something to eat. The hospital wagon went to the -depot and got the box. It was a large box, and was filled to the top -with clothes and eatables. Lieut. Gross, who was barefooted, I supplied -with a pair of broken shoes. Many of the provisions were cooked. I took -out some checked shirts and knit socks and a pair of pants and jacket -and divided the rest among the boys, who were all from Jefferson and -Washington counties, and even to this day Capt Polhill declares I saved -his life. He is still one of the Vets. and a useful and honored citizen -of Louisville, Ga. - -Corinth at that time when I saw it, was only a railroad station with an -improvised station house or warehouse. A few chimneys here and there -indicated where had previously stood some houses. It is not far from the -Tennessee river, about ten miles from Shiloh, where Albert Sidney -Johnson, from Texas, was killed and General Beauregard saved the day. -During my convalescence I walked over some of the battle ground. Being -tired I sat down on a log. There were two logs touching each other -lengthways. They had been large trees, about two and a half to three -feet in diameter. Playing on the ground with my crutch I unearthed a -bullet; presently I scratched up another. I noted that the logs were -riddled with bullets. I picked up over one hundred pounds of musket -balls in a space not over twenty-five feet square. How any escaped such -a shower of lead in such a small place can't be possible. Undoubtedly -those logs had served as a protection behind which those brave fellows -sent forth in the ranks of their adversaries a similar amount of death -dealing missiles. - - - - -CHAPTER XXVII. - - -This brings us towards the last part of December, 1864. When General -Hood planned his campaign to the rear of General Sherman, instead of -following General Johnston's tactics and thus leaving the balance of the -State of Georgia to the tender mercies of our adversaries, who had no -mercy or respect for age nor sex, but wantonly destroyed by fire and -sword whatever they could lay their hands on, save the booty and relics -with which they were loaded. Howell's battery, on account of their -horses being exhausted, could not follow General Hood's army into -Tennessee, and were ordered to Macon to recruit. This Company had seen -arduous service from Chickamauga to Atlanta, including Jonesboro. After -the battle of Chickamauga, one of the hardest contests of the war, in -which the confederate forces were successful, Howell's battery had the -honor to open the battle from the extreme right, on the 18th day of -September, 1863. On the 19th, which was on Saturday, the fight was -progressing furiously, with no results, both armies holding their own, -but on Sunday morning our forces centered their attack on the enemy's -center, charged through their lines and rolled them back in complete -disorder, and the victory was ours. General Bragg rested his forces for -a few days and renewed the fight around Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain -and Missionary Ridge. He found the enemy well fortified and ready. The -battle was a sanguinary one; Howell's battery besides losing two pieces -of artillery, which were recovered in the evening and returned to us, -lost in wounded, Leonidas Hines, Frank Bailey and Corporal Braswell, and -captured James Mullen, John S. Kelley, John Tompkins and John Braswell. -That night General Bragg withdrew as quietly as possible and went into -camp at Dalton, where we spent in winter quarters. At Macon they did -provost duty under direction of General Howell Cobb. The writer drifted -back through Alabama expecting to rejoin Dr. Crawford as soon as he -would locate, and being intercepted by Federal troops I reported to the -nearest Confederate post, which proved to be General Beaufort from -Kentucky, a cavalry officer at Union Springs, Alabama. General Abe -Beaufort was of colossal stature and an able officer, so I reported to -him for duty until I could join my proper command. He said, Have you a -horse? We are cavalry. I said, No, but I expect to get one the first -fight we get into. He laughed and said, Well, you can hang around here. -I stayed at his quarters several days. One day he seemed to be worried -more than usual; I ventured to say, "General, You seem to be worried -over something." He said, "I have enough to worry about; there is -General Forrest at Selma; I have sent him two couriers and neither of -them have reported; I don't know what became of them, whether they have -been captured, killed or run away. I want to hear from General Forrest -so that we can act in concert of action." The Federals who held -possession of Montgomery under General Wilson's corps d'army, who later -captured President Jefferson Davis in Irwin County, Ga., during the -several days of my hanging around at General Beaufort's Headquarters, he -asked me how long I had been in the service. I said, "I joined the first -Company that left my county and the first regiment that left my State." -How long had you been in this country before the war broke out? I -answered that I came to Georgia direct from France in the Fall of 1859, -about sixteen months before I enlisted. I found in this country an ideal -and harmonious people; they treated me as one of their own; in fact for -me, it was the land of Canaan where milk and honey flowed. In the -discussion of the political issues I felt, with those that I was in -contact with, that they were grossly imposed upon by their Northern -brethren and joined my friends in their defence, and so here I am, -somewhat worsted, but still in the ring. I said, General I have an idea; -I think I can carry a dispatch that will land. I have in my possession -at home my French passport. I can write for it and use it by going -squarely through their lines, as being an alien. I can change my clothes -for some citizens clothes. After a little reflection General Beaufort -said, "Hermann, you are an angel; it's the very idea." So we arranged to -write at once for my pass. It came in due time. The lady of the house -where the General kept his quarters furnished me with a suit of jeans -cloth, but begged the General not to send me for fear I might meet with -reverses. But the General said, He is all right, he can work the scheme. -That night I started about ten o'clock, on horseback, with two escorts. -It was a starlight night. We passed for some distance through a dense -swamp. The General cautioned me to be careful and on the lookout, an -admonition I thought entirely unnecessary. He said the enemy's camp was -about twelve miles distant, and that they had a company of scouts out -that night, and so had we, but as we journeyed along at a walk the -lightning bugs were so thick as to blind a fellow and the swamp so dark -that we could only designate the road by the distance and open space of -the tree tops and the stars. We did not however, meet any of the scouts. -On emerging from the swamp I noticed on my right a small farm cottage -and a dim light through the cracks of the door. I dismounted, knocked at -the door. At first no one answered. I knocked again when a lady's feeble -voice answered, Who is there? A friend, was the reply. Open the door -please. The door opened and there stood in front of me an old lady of -about seventy, I judged, nearly scared to death, trembling from head to -foot. To re-assure her I said, Madam, we are Southerners don't be -frightened, we won't do you any harm. Can you tell me how far it is from -here to the enemy's camp? She answered very excitedly that she had -nothing to do with the war, she is only a lone woman and we can't cheat -her out of many years. You all have stolen all my meat and did not leave -me a mouthful of corn or meat, and I am left here to starve to death. I -said, But we are Confederates; but I noticed the woman did not believe -me, undoubtedly owing to my brogue, as there were thousands of -foreigners in the federal army. I lit a match and scrutinized the ground -and noted the doors of the outhouse wide open, houses empty and the -ground churned into dust by the horses hoofs. Undoubtedly we were not -far from the enemy, as they were there that day and looted the premises. -I bid the lady good night and joined my escort who waited for me in the -road. As I was about to mount my horse I perceived ahead of me through -the limbs of the trees, a bright light. The lady was still standing in -the door, and I asked her what that light was we saw ahead of us. She -said they were the negro quarters about a quarter of a mile ahead, and I -thanked her and we moved a little forward and held consultation as to -what was best to do, whether they should return to camp leading my horse -back and I to take it afoot or whether we had better go together to the -quarters, probably they might get a few potatoes and some buttermilk, -for be it understood that we belonged to the hungry army where rations -became very scarce, for as a rule the Confederate soldier respected -private property and often suffered hunger rather than appropriate -property belonging to others. They concluded they might buy something to -eat from the darkies. The negroes in those days, as before the war, -always had a surplus of provisions. They were well fed, in fact most of -them made their own provisions with the exception of meat, their owner -allowing them patches and giving them time to cultivate the same for -their own use or to sell with their master's permission, which was -generally only a matter of form or respect. - -[Illustration: The Capture of the Federal Cavalrymen.] - - - - -CHAPTER XXVIII. - - -In keeping my eyes to the front watching the light, we came to an open -field on the right. On the left of the road was a dense forest. I noted -some one crossing the light and heard some one screaming and hollering -like negroes carousing. Presently the same person recrossed and I -thought there must be some Federals about there and we stopped to -consult. I concluded that I would take it afoot and reconnoiter while my -escort would enter the woods where we stood and wait for me until I -returned. I took the darker side of the road along the woods until I -arrived close to the premises, and I circumvented the place. I noted a -double pen log house with a large chimney at one end and a rousing -lightwood fire in it. A step over fence about five rails high surrounded -the yard in which stood a very large oak tree, the limbs of which hung -low, a little above a man's head. To those limbs were hitched three -splendid horses. In the house were three Federals, enjoying their -surroundings. The house had a front and back entrance and the fire in -the chimney cast its light some distance, front and rear, around the -premises. I hurried back to my comrades and made my report as above, -and I suggested a line of action as follows: We will leave our horses on -the road side, about two hundred yards this side the house. One of us -will enter the back side as I enter the front, and one of you follow me; -Are you willing. If you do as I say we will capture those fellows -without firing a shot. The youngest of the escort was a young man of -about 19 years; the other was 21 years old. The younger said, General -Beauford told us to obey your orders, and I am ready to do what you tell -me to do. I said, Bravo, my boy. The other one was silent, I remarked, -what do you say? He tried to answer but his teeth chattered and he was -trembling so he could hardly speak. I said, What is the matter with you, -are you scared? He said, No, I am excited. You must compose yourself. If -you follow my advice and do exactly what I say and we will capture those -fellows without firing a gun, but there must be no wobble, or they may -turn the joke on us. I told the youngest to hold his gun ready for use -and to make a detour around the house and face the back entrance, and I -would give him time to get in position, and as I enter the front door he -must enter the back door, and we must get the drop on them, otherwise -they might get it on us. I told the other fellow to follow me and do as -I do and not to fire unless I do. I carried a couple of colts pistols. -As we entered the negro women and the men were sitting on benches before -the fire, when I exclaimed, surrender! in the meantime covering them -with my pistols and the guns of my comrades. They jumped as if lightning -has struck them. "Unbuckle your weapons or you are dead men; be quick -about it." My orders were executed with alacrity and we marched them out -of the house. In the far end of the house I spied a plow line hanging -from a nail in the wall. I appropriated the same and we unhitched the -horses and walked to where ours were. Not a word was spoken by either of -us. The horses were brought forward and the prisoners mounted. The plow -line served to pinion their legs under the animals below. All this was -done as quickly as possible. When the prisoners realized that we were -but three, one of them commenced being obtrusive and talking loud and -abusive. I cautioned him and his comrades that unless they moved along -quietly and not talk above a whisper we would be compelled to leave them -by the roadside, for some one, unknown to us, to bury them. My -admonition had a good effect, and our cavalcade advanced in a lope, one -leading the horses, the prisoners were riding by the bridle reins, and -I and the other man closing up the rear. I was fearful of meeting some -of their scouting parties, of which General Beaufort advised me of on -our departure, but it seemed that they were in some other direction from -us, for we noted the firmament in every direction lit up by an aurora -borealis from the burning houses those miscreants set afire. When -arriving close to our pickets we halted. I sent one of my escort in -advance to announce our arrival so as not to be fired into, as it was -only day break and still too dark to be recognized. I rode at once to -General Beaufort's headquarters to report. He was still in bed; the -guard admitted me. He said, I thought you were on your way to Selma. I -said, General, I met with an accident and came back. An accident said -he! So I stated that accidentally I captured three Federals and got me a -horse at my first opportunity. He got up and dressed, had the prisoners -brought before him and commenced questioning them but they were very -reticent and evaded many of his questions. General Beaufort was very -anxious to find out the strength of his adversary in his immediate front -and their destination. I suggested that I change my clothing for the -uniform of one of the prisoners who was my size, and ride in their line. -He said, That is a very dangerous business; if you are trapped they -will hang you. I said, I am in for the war; life as it is is not worth -much, I'll take the chances. So that night after midnight I passed again -our videttes, in company with two escorts who accompanied me for company -sake for a few miles, when they returned to camp and I went it alone. -After passing the cottage of the old lady where we sought information, -the previous night, I put my horse at full speed and passed the negro -quarters. No one was astir and I continued my course for about three -miles when I saw some obstruction in the road on the brow of the hill. -Halt, was the command. I halted, at within about seventy-five yards. Who -comes. A friend. Seeing that I was alone I was asked to advance. As I -approached I noted that there was a rail fence across the road, behind -which were two sentinels, their muskets pointing at me. I remarked as I -crossed the fence, Didn't I have a race; those four rebels run me clean -to nearly where I am. My horse was steaming wet. I said, You see that -fire yonder; we set the gin house afire when the rebels came up and gave -me a hot chase. The sentinels were all excitement and kept their eyes to -the front. I had dismounted and placed myself in line with them. I could -have killed them both but that was not my object. Finally, seeing no -one coming, I said they must have gone back. I mounted my steed and -slowly rode up, in a walk, where I saw what I thought was the main camp, -but it was only what was known as the grand guard of about a half a -regiment of cavalry. Taking in the surroundings at a glance I noted the -horses hitched in the corners of the fence along the road and the men -some lying, some sitting on improvised seats around their camp fire. I -at once rode to an empty corner in the fence and hitched my horse and -walked to a fire where most of the men were lying down, seemingly -sleeping. There lay one empty blanket on the ground and I laid myself -down on it, facing the fire, which felt pretty good, for I was chilled, -the night being cold. As I pretended to take a nap some fellow gave me a -hunch with his foot, saying, Hello comrade, you are lying on my blanket. -I grunted a little and turned some further when he pulled the blanket -from under me. This seemingly roused me, and I was wide awake. I -stretched out my arms as if I were yawning, addressing myself to the men -next to me, "This is a terrible life to lead. Where are we going? To -Savannah. I heard some say Savannah. That is in Georgia, a long ways -from here; I am afraid some of us will never get there; I heard that -there is an army of fifteen thousand rebels ahead of us within fifteen -miles of here." He answered, That would not amount to much with what we -have. I thought I would stretch as far as I could reasonably do so, for -General Beauford's force was only 1,500 strong. You say that would not -amount to much with what we have to oppose them? He said Wilson's Corps -amounts to nearly 25,000. O, not that much. He commenced to enumerate -different regiments, the number of cannon, etc., etc. All at once I -heard the bugle blast "Call to Horse," and everything was active. What's -the matter I said, seeing everybody catching their horses? He answered, -Did you not get three days rations? I said, Yes. Well we are going to -advance. I run to my horse and mounted. I felt that I had to advise -General Beauford of this move, and not to pass the picket post that I -did coming in I took down the railroad track which run parallel the -wagon road some distance, but to my surprise there was a vidette post -there of two sentinels. They halted me, saying, You can't pass. I -remarked that they will be relieved in a few minutes, that our forces -are advancing. There being a nice spring of water in sight, just to the -left of the road I wanted to fill my canteen full of water. The road -being very dusty I suggested that I would fill theirs if they wished me -to in the meantime. I'll be back in a few seconds. So they handed me -their canteens and I put the spurs to my horse. Further on I turned to -the left into the wagon road and post haste and at full gallop rode into -our camp, which was twelve miles ahead of me. The cap which I had -borrowed from one of our prisoners was a little too big for my head and -in my haste to reach camp blew off. I did not stop to pick it up, but -reached camp in about three quarters of an hour. It still being a little -before day a bullet passed me in close proximity and I knew that I was -close to our lines. I stopped and held up both hands. The bad -marksmanship of the sentinel saved me from being shot. I at once rode up -to the General's quarters, was admitted by the sentinel and made my -report. He was still in bed, but he got up and ordered two companies of -Col. Armistead's Regiment to the front and deployed into a skirmish -line. In less than an hour we heard the firing. All the forces were -astir, and we withdrew towards West Point, Georgia, thus giving the -enemy the right of way. The General asked me if I held any commission. I -said, Yes, high private in the rear ranks. Well, I'll see that you will -be promoted when I make my report to the war department. I need a -hundred men just like you. - - - - -CHAPTER XXIX. - - -That evening I donned my disguise as a citizen, and advanced, as before, -to go through their lines as an alien. I rode as before as far as my -judgment would permit to prevent the capture of my escort, when I took -it afoot to carry out the program first suggested. I walked about four -miles and day was breaking. As two nights previous, the country -indicated depredations by fires. When I again, as the night before, saw -obstructions in front of me, I walked within twenty-five or thirty paces -up to it when I was commanded to halt and challenged as to who comes -there, their muskets pointing at me. I said, "Me no speaky English, je -parle Francais." Where are you going? Me no stand English. They made me -a sign to sit down by the side of the obstructive fence, after having -let me cross their barricade. About fifteen minutes later an officer -with the relief guard came up. Who's that you got there? How did he get -here? They answered I walked up. He is a foreigner and can't speak our -language. Turning to me he said, where are you going? "Je ne -comprenspas, je parle francais." So he made me signs to following him, -which I did. He conducted me to a large camp fire where I saw several -men guarding others and recognized them to be Confederates. This was the -first time I felt my danger; I was afraid that there might be some among -the prisoners that might have seen me before and might recognize me. -However my fears were without cause as I did not know any of them. About -eight o'clock a. m., the Provost Marshall General came around and -addressed himself to me. Who are you, said he. As before, I said je -parle francais. Oh, you are a Frenchman. Well, I will get some one that -can speak to you. He ordered one of the guards to go to a Canadian -Company and ask the Captain to send him a man that could speak French -and English. Presently a young soldier presented himself. The Provost -took him aside and I pretended not to notice them. They stepped to -within a few paces of me; when I heard the Provost say to him, Pump him. -I thought, He will be welcome to all he will get out of me. He stepped -up to me and talked to me in French. I appeared to be so glad to meet -one I could talk to, that I did not give him an opportunity to ask me a -single question. I told him how I came here in the fall of 1859, pulling -out my passport which he scrutinized and handed over to the Provost, -who in turn looked at the same. I told him that I made a mistake coming -here, that the people made it very unpleasant to me because I would not -enlist; that I had to leave Georgia, and I am now on my way to New -Orleans, which I heard the port was open so as to see the French consul -to assist me back to France; that I am tired of this land where people -murder each other. During all of our conversation the Provost said, What -does he say. My interlocutor explained and then they all would laugh. -Finally I said that I was hungry, that I had had nothing to eat in 24 -hours. So the Provost said, Boys, can you fix up something for him among -you, and they all contributed some from their rations and filled my -haversack full of substantial food, and besides contributed $10.00 in -money. I thanked them and started off, after being told that I could go, -but as I was apparently green I asked my questioner how far I was from -New Orleans and if there were any more places where I might be delayed, -when the Provost intervened with his, What did he say? Which after being -explained to him, he said, I had better give him a pass, they might take -him up on the other end of the line, and so he wrote on a slip of paper, -"Pass the bearer through the line," and signed his name in such -chirography that I could not read it. I arrived into Montgomery late -that afternoon, and reported, as per previous arrangement with Col. Paul -to Judge Pollard, whose daughter he married, and told that family how -the boys were getting along. Judge Pollard was a stately old gentleman -of great prominence in that section of the country. He received me in -his large library and we had quite a long conversation over the -situation. I told him that I was directed to him with the understanding -that he would provide me with a horse so that I might continue my -journey to Selma. He shook his head and said I'll see what can be done, -but I don't believe there is a horse to be got within ten miles of here; -the Yankees stole every horse and mule they could lay their hands on, -and sure enough he was unable to furnish me with an animal, but thought -I might, by making a long detour beyond the flanks of the enemy's -columns, be able to proceed. That morning one of the ladies presented me -with a tobacco bag, made out of a piece of pink merino, and the initials -of my name embroidered on it with yellow silk and filled with smoking -tobacco, and a shaker pipe stuck in it. It was quite a novelty and was -highly appreciated. After having partaken of a substantial breakfast I -bid my host and his family good bye, visited my friends Faber, -Lewellen, Coleman and other acquaintances of the city, all of which had -their tales of woe and sufferings to account at the hands of the enemy. -I departed for Selma on foot. I was weary and depressed. I heard that I -was again in close proximity to the enemy who routed Forrest from that -city and came within a fraction of either killing or capturing him. He -was surrounded by four troopers who demanded his surrender, when he -threw his saber, spurred his horse and ran the gauntlet among a shower -of bullets. I heard that in the melee he received a saber cut in the -face. I felt sick at heart and physically worn out and took a rest and -wended my way to Col. Bowen, who was glad to see me and offered me all -the comforts to recruit my strength. I remained there nearly a week. I -really did not know where to report to, General Beauford being on the -retreat before Wilson's corps who came from via Pensacola, Florida. I -was surrounded on every side, so I concluded to retrace my way back to -Montgomery but when a few miles from Greenville as I emerged from a long -lane at the end of which the road turned into a forest I noted some -Federal soldiers. I came within a very short distance of them before -seeing them; my first impulse was to run back, but I was tired, it -being a warm day and nothing to protect me from the bullets, having an -open lane where they might play at my fleeing figure. I concluded to -give up on demand, but on close approach, seeing that they were negro -troops I regretted not having taken chances, however great, of escape, -especially when I was asked to surrender my arms, which consisted of a -couple of colts 6 inch pistols, one of which I carried in a scabbard -buckled around me and the other in the belt of my pants, which were -tucked in my boot legs. In unbuckling my belt I contracted my body -allowing the one in my pants to slide down my leg into my boot and thus -only surrendered one of them. The other I carried on as I marched. The -friction of the barrel on the ankle of my foot gave me excruciating -pains but I continued on until I could feel the blood on the inside of -my boot. There were other prisoners, among them General Pillow and his -son, George. Arriving in Montgomery we were locked up in the Lehman -Brothers building which had served as a shoe factory for the Confederate -Government. I intended to use my weapon at the first opportunity I saw -to gain my liberty. That night I asked for a doctor to dress my wounded -foot. He came and asked me how that happened. My socks adhered to the -wounds and the pains it gave me were unbearable. I told him I had -snagged myself. He dressed my wound and I felt relieved to a great -extent. The next morning I sent word to my friend Faber to come to see -me and he did so. I said to him to see if he could not get me a parole, -after he had told me that he had had some Yankee officers quartered at -his house, saying that they were all Western men and seemed to be clever -fellows. He promised to use his influence. Presently he returned with an -officer and I was turned out on parole, but to report every morning at -nine o'clock. The following morning I reported, when the officer -commanded one of the men to take charge of me and lock me up. I thought -the jig was up, that probably I had been reported by some one and that I -might fare the worst for it. There were fifty prisoners; we were all -called out to form into line and from that into column, and marched up -the hill to the capitol, where we received some salt pork and hard tack -to last us three days. We were informed that we would be sent to Ship -Island, a country of yellow fever, close to New Orleans in retaliation -of Andersonville, there to take the chances to live or die; undoubtedly -they would have preferred the latter. About one o'clock p. m. a courier -rode up to the capitol, followed by another. Presently we were informed -that the war was over, that General Lee had surrendered and that Lincoln -was assassinated and instead of being sent to Ship Island we were to be -paroled under promise not to take up arms again against the United -States, until properly exchanged. This brings us up to the early part of -June 1865, or latter part of May. - - - - -CHAPTER XXX. - - -Thus it will be noted that while the war was over in the East, we of the -Western army didn't know it and were still fighting, all communication -between the two armies being cut off. My friend Faber, who was one of -the most popular citizens of Montgomery was afterwards elected Mayor of -the City. The following morning I prepared to wend my way back to -Georgia. My foot was inflamed and gave me pain, so I said to a Yankee -Sergeant who was in waiting on some of the officers there if he could -not manage to get me some piece of a horse to ride as I was a long ways -from home and in a crippled condition. He said, Yes, if I would give him -my watch, which was an open faced, old fashioned English lever, -generally called bulls-eye. I acquiesced. We marched down one of the -main thoroughfares. We halted before an establishment which was used as -a guard house and previously had served as a store. In its front on the -sidewalk was a cellar. The Sergeant asked them to bring out that horse, -and in the meantime asked me for the watch. Thinking of him as a clever, -sympathetic soul, owing to his prompt offer of assistance, I -unhesitatingly handed him my watch. They having entered the cellar, -they lifted out of its confines a frame of horse so poor that six men -took him bodily and placed him on the sidewalk. He was actually nothing -but skin and bones; I was astonished that life could have existed in -such a frame. I said, Is this the best you can do for me? He said, I -promised you a horse for your watch and here he is, and he left me. The -men were amused at my discomfiture. I finally concluded that a bad ride -is better than a good walk and I made the best of a bad bargain. I asked -the men if they could get me a bridle and saddle. They answered that -they had none, so I made me a halter out of the rope around his neck, -pulled off my coat as padding on either side of his sharp backbone so as -to serve me as a saddle and asked the man next to me to give me a lift, -and there I was, mounted, representing the picture of Don Quixote to -perfection. I urged the horse forward and the men hollered Whoa! which -command he was only too eager to obey, I eventually got away from that -place and took the Eufaula route homeward. It was four o'clock in the -afternoon and I was only four miles from my starting point. The animal -had neither eat nor drunk anything while in my possession and from his -looks probably not in several days previous. I saw as I passed along at -a snail gait, a corral by the side of the road, with all kinds of -contraband. There were negroes, women and children, cattle of all -description and a quantity of mules and horses, all encircled by a large -rope and guarded by sentinels. I passed a soldier about a half mile from -this place. I said to him, What troops are those on the right hand side -up the hill? He said they were cavalry. I concluded to ride up, that -probably I might induce the officer to exchange animals with me so as to -enable me to get along, for I came to the conclusion to abandon my steed -and take a bad walk in preference to a bad ride. As I approached the -camp I noticed a man sitting on a camp stool, his back towards me, his -feet propped up against a large tree, reading a newspaper and seemingly -greatly preoccupied as he did not hear my approach. He was in negligee, -it being a very warm day; he wore nothing but his pants and a spotted -white blouse shirt and was bareheaded. I left my horse by the side of a -stump and slid off, approaching within a respectful distance in his -rear, I said, Good evening. He jumped like he had been shot. I said -excuse me sir, I did not mean to scare you. So he peremptorily said, -What will you have? I answered, Are you the commander of these troops? -He said, Yes; what will you have? I answered that I was a paroled -prisoner on my way home; that I was crippled and had a long ways to go. -The horse I got I bought from one of the Federals for a silver watch. It -took me a whole day to get from the City to where I am; that I had -noted, coming along, a corral with many loose horses and mules and I -ventured to see if he would not be kind enough to furnish me with a -better mount than the one I possessed. He replied, What country are you -from? I am from France. How long have you been in the army? Ever since -the war started. Were you forced into the army or did you volunteer? I -volunteered sir. And you have been fighting us for over four years and -now come and ask me for a favor? You need not grant it; good bye. And -off I hobbled to where I left my horse taking him by the mane I led him -up to the stump and was about to mount when the officer commanded me, -Come back here, said he, I like your style. You are the first one I've -met but what was forced into the army. Tell the officer in charge of the -corral to exchange animals with you. I remarked, Colonel, a written -order from you might have a better effect. He laughed, got up and walked -into his tent and when he returned he handed me a slip of paper -addressed to Capt. Ledger, and read as follows: Exchange animals with -the bearer; Col. York, Com'd'g 7, Indiana Cavalry. I thanked him, gave -the military salute and retraced my steps towards the corral. I -presented my note to the Capt. in charge; he said, Pick out the one you -want. There were some excellent animals but many were galled and not -serviceable for any immediate use. I spied a medium sized, plump mule. -She was in excellent order, and as I was short in funds I thought I -could tether her out to eat grass and thus progress without having to -buy food. So I took the mule. I asked him if he would furnish me with a -saddle and bridle, and he let me have nearly a new Mexican saddle and -bridle and I was once more in good shape. Capt. Ledger asked me where I -was going. I said, Home, in Georgia. Which way? I am on my way to -Eufaula. So he said, I believe I'll ride a piece of the way with you. He -had his horse caught, which was a magnificent animal. Riding along side -by side I remarked, Captain that is a splendid horse you are on. He -said, Yes, I have a pair, you could not tell one from the other; they -are spirited animals but perfectly gentle. Their owner must have prized -them highly; some of the men picked them up. That's a new name for -stealing, said I. He remarked, I suppose so, but if I could find out -their owner I am going to return them to him; I am making some effort -towards it. I said, Well sir, it does me good to hear you say so, and to -know that there are some men of feeling, and gentlemen among your army. -He said, Well, war is war. It is true that many acts were committed -unnecessarily harsh, but I am glad it is over and I hope we will all be -friends again. He stopped, saying, Well, I have ridden far enough, and I -am going back. We shook hands, he wished me a safe journey and cantered -back to his camp. It was already late and I proceeded as far as Fort -Browder and stopped over night with Mr. Tom Wells. His wife was also a -Georgian and a kinswoman of the Braswell family. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXI. - - -The following morning after bidding my host good bye I took the road to -Union Springs. On my way I caught up with General Pillow, who was riding -in a carriage drawn by two fine mules, and his son George, who was -riding horseback. I said, Hello! On your way home? He answered, Yes. -What route are you going? We are trying to make Union Springs for -tonight; father is not very well and we are making short stations. I -remarked, I am surprised they left you your horse. He said, They left us -our side arms and let father have his carriage and mules and me my -horse. I rode up to the carriage, shook hands with the old General, -whose head was as white as snow, congratulated him on his good luck of -being able to keep his outfit. He said, Yes, it was more than I -expected. We traveled together for several miles when we were met by -five men, one of which, a rather portly fellow, remarked, Boys, if this -is not Sal, I'll be hanged. And he advanced and took my mule by the -bridle, saying, This mule belongs to me, you will have to get off. I -said, I reckon not, drawing my pistol. He said, The Yankees stole that -mule from me. I said, Well, I got her from the Yankees, but she cost me -a watch worth about thirty dollars. I stated facts as they were, saying, -I am on my way to Eufaula and I am crippled and can't walk, and I shall -ride there if it costs me my life. So General Pillow interfered, saying, -Gentlemen, this is a Confederate soldier on his way home; he is crippled -and can't walk. I will pay you for the mule to end the matter. What kind -of money? Confederate, of course, I have no other. Well, that is not -worth a curse. That is all I've got. The men were still standing in -front of me and occasionally touched the reins, when I cocked my pistol, -saying, Turn that bridle loose, I am going to Eufaula on this mule. -After that I do not care what becomes of it; I expect to take the boat -there for Columbus. He answered, I tell you what I'll do; here is a gold -chain; I suppose it is worth as much as your watch. I will give you that -chain and you'll leave the mule with the hotel man and I'll get her -there. So I said all right, when General Pillow remarked, Gentlemen, -undoubtedly you are in search of stock; suppose you were to find any -that belongs to somebody else, which it would be pretty apt to be, and -the owner would come and claim it; would you turn it over to him? The -spokesman hesitated, then said, I don't know if I would or not. I said, -well, our arrangement suits me; what is the hotel keeper's name? He told -me but I have forgotten it. So we arrived at our destination about one -hour by sun and stopped all night at the house of Major Pemberton, a -friend of General Pillow's. George and I occupied the same bed. He -proved to be an excellent companion and we recounted many incidents to -one another. After breakfast we parted company. I took the route to -Eufaula, Ala., by myself, leaving General Pillow and his son with our -host, with whom they proposed to stay for a few days, before continuing -their homeward journey, which was near Franklin, Tenn. I arrived at -Eufaula at about three o'clock p. m. and inquired for the hotel, whose -proprietor I found sitting in a chair in front. Is this the hotel? Yes -sir. A soldier on his way home? Yes sir. This is a good mule you have -got; will you sell her? I said, How much will you give me for it? He -remarked, I have only Thirty-Five Dollars, in Mexican silver and some -Confederate money that nobody takes about here. I'll give you the -Mexican dollars for the outfit. You will also give me my dinner and fill -my haversack with provisions to last me home? Yes, I'll do that too. -What time will the boat leave for Columbus? At four o'clock. Well, I -have time to take dinner. I turned the mule over to him, he had me -served something to eat and paid me thirty-five Mexican silver dollars. -I took the chain, which was not gold but galvanized brass, and said, I -am glad I have made connection with the boat, I will get home sooner. -Handing the proprietor the chain, I said, There is a gentleman who may -call for me; you tell him I made connection and went on. This chain -belongs to him and I want him to have it. All right, said he. The boat, -according to schedule, left for Columbus with me aboard. In Columbus I -met Dr. Mullin, a friend of Dr. Crawford's, but could get no information -as to his whereabouts. From Columbus I traveled to Atlanta. The sight -that met my view was sickening. Instead of a nice little city, for it -must be remembered that Atlanta at that time was not the cosmopolitan of -this day, it could not have had over seven or eight thousand -inhabitants; there it lay in ashes, the work of vandalism. The brick -chimneys marked the places where comfortable shelters used to stand. Its -inhabitants fled from the approaching foe, fearing even a worse fate at -the hands of such unscrupulous barbarians. From Atlanta I followed in -the wake of Sherman's army towards Macon, and had it not been for my -trade with the hotel keeper of Eufaula to have my haversack filled, I -could not have existed to the end of my journey. As already stated, the -Country for miles in every direction was sacked and burned. I say this -much for the New England civilization, of these days, that in no -country, civilized or uncivilized, could such barbarism have excelled -such diabolical manifestation. I arrived in Macon at dusk, intending to -pass the night at my cousin's. In front of the Brown House came an -ambulance, said to contain President Jefferson Davis. They traveled at a -good trot, surrounded by a body of cavalry which I was informed were -Wilson's men, Macon being in the hands of that General to whom General -Howell Cobb surrendered that city. I was sick at heart at our entire -helplessness and complete prostration. I called on my relatives who were -glad to see me again among the living. They were much depressed at the -condition of things, hoping for the best, but expecting the worst. I met -Mr. Kaufman, General Cobb's orderly, as I was about to leave for what I -called home. I stated that if there was a chance for me to get something -to ride it would greatly facilitate my locomotion. My ankle, although -still sore was healing nicely. Mr. Kaufman said, I will sell you my -horse, I have got nothing to feed him on. I said, I will give you all -the money I got for the mule, having given them already the history of -my itinerary from Montgomery to Macon. He accepted my offer and I was -again in a traveling condition. All along my route devastation met my -view. I could not find sufficient corn to give my horse a square meal. -Wherever I found a green spot I dismounted to let my horse eat grass. I -traveled at night as well as in the day time and arrived at my -destination about 10 o'clock a. m. the next day. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXII. - - -Conditions there were not as bad as I had seen along the line of march, -although they were bad enough. Mr. and Mrs. Braswell received me as if I -had been one of their own family. I found the premises badly -dilapidated, fences down everywhere and everything in disorder, the -negro men gone, following the yankee army, the negro women and children -were still left to be taken care of by their Master and Mistress. Before -leaving the Yankees started to set the premises on fire but the servant -intervened and begged for their good master and mistress and they -desisted in their intentions. I asked if old Sallie could wash my -clothes I had on, and if I could borrow something to put on while mine -was in process of cleaning, for the enemy had stolen my trunk and its -contents and I had no change of garments. Mr. Braswell was of very -corpulent stature, fully six feet high, weighing about 250 pounds, while -I, in my emaciated condition only weighed 135. One of his garments would -have wrapped twice around me. At 12 o'clock dinner was announced, and I -was surprised at the good and substantial meal that was served. The -menu consisted of fried ham and eggs, corn bread, biscuits, butter and -honey. I said, "folks, you ought not to complain; if you had gone -through where I have and seen what I have seen you would feel like you -live like royalty, for I have seen women and children scratch in the -ground for a few grains of corn for sustenance where the enemy's horses -were camped and fed." Mr. Braswell then explained how he managed when he -heard of the enemy's approach. He took his cattle, horses and mules and -everything he could move, deep in the Ogeechee swamp, leaving only a few -broke down around his premises which the enemy, General Kilpatrick's -cavalry, shot down and left for the buzzards. Mrs. Braswell asked me -what I was going to do. I said I did not know; I was in hope to meet -Cousin Abe Hermann, but you say he was taken prisoner. Do you know where -they carried him to? They answered, No, that Cousin Abe was drafted and -went, as a sutler in General Rube Carswell's regiment and was captured -by the enemy and that they had heard nothing from him, direct. Then Mr. -Braswell said, As long as I've got a mouthful I will divide with you. We -are poor and I don't know how to begin with the new order of things, all -the hands having left me. After telling Mrs. Braswell about her kindred -in Alabama and of my ups and downs during that afternoon, I spent a -sleepless night, ruminating in my mind as to what to do. The future -looked dark, the country was ruined. Wherever I cast my eyes, conditions -looked the same. The following morning after breakfast I approached Mr. -Braswell, saying, My friend, I can't accept your proposition to be an -extra burden to you in your already impoverished condition. He said, -What are you going to do? I said, The next time you hear from me I will -be in a position to make a support, or I will be a dead cock in the pit. -I am going to leave this morning. I left for Sandersville, where I met -many friends. While there I heard of some of the boys having picked up -an abandoned Confederate wagon. There were about fifteen that claimed a -share in it. The next day I went to Milledgeville and stopped this side -at Mr. Stroters, who had run a distillery during the war. I said, Mr. -Stroter have you any whiskey on hand? He said, Yes, one barrel, I had it -buried. Can I get about five gallons? He said, Yes. What will you take -for it? Five dollars a gallon, in Yankee money, the Confederate money is -no good now. I said, I'll take five gallons if you have a keg to put it -in. I have no money of the description you want, but I will leave you my -horse in bond. - -Early in the morning I proceeded on my way to Macon, carrying the five -gallon keg of whiskey on my shoulder. The journey was a long one, -thirty-two miles, with a burden and it being summer time was no small -undertaking. I arrived however, in East Macon the following day. I -entered the woods in search of a clay root where I could hide away my -burden. I found a large tree that was blown down, leaving a big hole, -where I placed my keg and covered it with leaves. I marked the place so -as to find it when wanted. I also carried a canteen full of liquor under -my coat, and walked towards Macon. On the way I met a Federal in deep -study. I passed him a step or two, then stopped and said, Say! He -turned, saying, you speak to me? I said, Yes, would you like to have a -drink? He said, Yes, the best in the world. I tell you how you can get -this canteen full. If you bring me out a mule this side the sentinel I -will give you this canteen full. He remarked, You'll wait yonder until I -return. I waited over an hour, when I saw him come on a small mule. The -exchange was quickly effected, and I rode back to Milledgeville and left -the mule at Stroters. After eating a hearty meal I returned on foot to -Macon, I repeated the same tactics, brought back three mules and sold -over one hundred drinks at $1.00 a drink, paid Stroter my debt and -returned to Washington County, left my stock with my friend B. S. Jordan -to tend his crop, who at that time had a negro plowing an old steer. I -said, Ben, Work your crop, for I do not know how long you can keep them. -I returned to Sandersville in quest of the boys who claimed the captured -Confederate wagon, and to purchase it. They agreed if I would bring each -a wool hat from Savannah on my return I could have the wagon, which I -agreed to. Major Irwin gave me an old set of gears and I was ready to -carry freight from Sandersville and Washington County to Savannah for a -living, for let it be known that Sherman in his vandalism tore up the -Central railroad all the way from Macon to Savannah, Ga., and for eight -months after the surrender I continued wagoning hauling freight back and -forth, taking the weather as it came, rain or shine, cold or warm. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXIII. - - -My first journey as wagoner to Savannah was a successful one. There was -still some cotton through the country that escaped the Sherman -depredators. Mr. W. G. Brown let me have two bales. Mr. Pinkus Happ let -me have one. My tariff was $5.00 per 100 pounds, and the same returning. -I took the Davisboro road from Sandersville, having only two mules -hitched to the wagon. I had sent word to Mr. Jordan to meet me with my -horse and mule still in his possession. The road was heavy for it was a -rainy season and to make it lighter pulling I concluded to have a four -mule team. So we put the harness on the horse and mule and hitched them -in the lead. About that time a negro I knew, named Perry, came up and -made himself useful. I said, Perry, what are you doing? Nothing, Marse -Ike. How would you like to wagon for me at $15.00 a month and rations? -Very well, said he. Well, jump in the saddle, I am on my way to -Savannah. It was about four o'clock p. m. Perry took hold of the line -and cracked his whip, when the horse, whose other qualities, except a -saddle horse I did not know, commenced to kick in a spirited manner, so -as to skin his legs with the trace chains in which he became entangled, -I had to unhitch him. Mr. John Salter was present and saw the whole -proceeding. I remarked, Well. I am sorry for that for I had expected to -have a four horse team, and now can have only a spike team. Salter said, -Hermann, what will you take for this horse? You say he is a good saddle -horse? I never straddled a better one. What will you give me? He said he -had no money but had two bales of cotton under his gin house and I could -have it for the horse. How far do you live from here? Two miles only. -All right, the horse is yours. Perry, let us go and get the cotton. Mr. -Salter led the way where the cotton was. We loaded the same and drove -that night to the Fleming place and camped. The trip was uneventful. We -made the journey to Savannah in four days. There was a firm of cotton -factors named Bothwell and Whitehead doing business in the City, and -they were my objective point. However, before arriving into the city, -about thirty miles this side, I met men wanting to buy my cotton. They -offered me from fifteen to fifty cents per pound. I did not know what -the value was; I knew that before the war started it brought about eight -cents. However, I drove up to the firms office on Bay street. I saw Mr. -Bothwell; after the usual greeting I said, What is cotton selling at? -It brought .62-1/2 this a. m., but I think I can get more than that if it -is good cotton. To make matters short I got .65 per pound and the two -bales Salter let me have for my horse weighed 600 pounds a bale, netting -me $720.00. I bought me another mule and now I was again fully equipped -and made the voyage regularly every week. I took a partner, as the -business was more than I could attend to by myself; his name was Solomon -Witz. He would engage freight during my absence, and we sometimes made -the trip together. The country was forever in a state of excitement. New -edicts appeared from time to time from Washington, D. C., Congress -promulgated laws to suit their motives, and notwithstanding the -agreement between General Lee and General Grant at Appomattox that the -men should return, build up their waste places and not again to take up -arms until properly exchanged and they should not be molested as long as -they should attend to their daily avocations, Congress established what -was then known as the Freedmen's Bureau, seemingly for the protection of -the negroes, as if they needed any, as their devotion to their master -and their behavior at home while every white man able to bear arms was -at the front fighting for their homes and firesides, leaving their -families in the hands of their slaves whose devotion was exemplary, was -not that a sufficient guarantee of the relationship between slaves and -masters? The attachment was of the tenderest kind and a white man would -have freely offered his life for the protection of his servants; but -that condition did not suit our adversaries. Although we thought the war -was over, it was not over and more terrible things awaited the Southern -people. Emissaries of every description, like vultures, surnamed carpet -baggers, for all they possessed could be enclosed into a hand bag, -overran this country to fatten on the remnants left. School mams of the -far East, of very questionable reputation, opened what were called -schools, presumably to teach the negroes how to read and write, but -rather to inculcate into their minds all sorts of deviltry, embittering -their feelings against their former owners and life long friends, urging -them to migrate for unless they did they would still be considered as -bondsmen and bondswomen, thus breaking up the kind relation existing -between the white man and the negro. And all this under the protection -of the Freedmen's Bureau backed up by a garrison of Federals stationed -in every town and city throughout the Southern States. In fact the -South was made to feel the heels of the despots. Military Governors were -appointed. All those who bore arms or aided or abetted in the cause of -the South were disfranchised, the negro was enfranchised and allowed the -ballot, with a military despot at the helm and negroes and carpet -baggers, and a few renegades such as can be found in any country, as -legislators. The ship of state soon run into shallow waters and was -pounded to pieces on the reeves of bankruptcy. Taxes were such that -property owners could not meet them and they had the misfortune to see -their lifelong earnings sacrificed under so called legal process, of the -hammer, for a mere song. These were the actual conditions in the days of -the so called reconstruction. Bottom rail on top, was the slogan of -those savage hordes. Forty acres and a mule, and to every freedman, -Government rations, was the prelude of legislation. Men who took up arms -in defense of their sacred rights could not be expected to endure such a -state of affairs forever, the women and children must be protected. The -garrisons were gradually withdrawn; the carpet baggers remained and -ruled; negroes formed themselves into clubs and organizations under -their leadership, when as an avalanche all over the Southern states -appeared the K. K. K.'s, called the Ku Klux Klan, or the Boys Who Had -Died at Manassas, who have come back to regulate matters. Terror struck -into the ranks of the guilty and of the would be organizers and the -country soon resumed its normal state, Governors fled and Legislators -took to the bush. But I am deviating from my subject. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXIV. - - -On the following trip to Savannah I met G. W. Kelley and Dr. G. L. -Mason, on the same errand, viz. hauling cotton to market. After having -disposed of the same we reloaded our teams in merchandise, which was -easily disposed of, as the country was in need of everything that could -add to the comfort or even necessities of the people. The country being -in the condition it was, we were glad to travel together for company's -sake. So in the evening we left and camped about twelve miles out of the -city. As a rule one of the party ought to have been on guard, but such -was not the case that night. About midnight I awoke and found two of my -mules gone. I noted also that the line with which they were attached had -been cut with a sharp knife. Following the tracks they led back into the -city. So I left my partner at Savannah on the lookout while I went my -way back to Sandersville, minus two mules. I managed to buy two more -mules to fill out my team. I had to take what was offered to me, at any -price, my partner, after remaining several days at Savannah, recognized -one of the mules in charge of a negro. He called for the police and had -the negro arrested. There being no legal judge, the case was carried -before a captain of one of the military companies stationed there. The -negro proved by a confederate that this mule was in his possession long -before my partner claimed it was stolen, thus setting up an alibi, -without proving as to where he got her from. My partner failed to get -the mule and had to pay about $8.00 costs for his trouble, which was all -the cash he had with him. Later the firm received a bill for $5.00 more -cost but I paid no attention to it and never heard of it any more. - -Under the advice of their instructors, the blacks were going and coming. -The road to Savannah was traveled by them at night as well as by day. -Most of them were making for the cities. Savannah was the goal for those -in this section. One evening on my way I stopped my team within eighteen -miles this side of the City. Mr. Guerry, who was a fairly well to do -farmer for those days and conditions, near to whose domicile I camped, -buying some corn and fodder from him to feed my team, also such -provisions for myself as he had for sale. At break of day we had left on -our weary journey; on my return a day or so afterwards I passed his -premises and to keep from walking I had bought me an extra mule. As I -rode up I noticed Mr. Guerry and three of his sons in a pen, ready to -kill hogs. It was on a Friday, in the month of December, 1865. It was a -clear, beautiful, cold day. I greeted them, Good morning, gentlemen, -this is a beautiful day to kill hogs. Without noticing my greeting, one -of them said, "This is the fellow," when the old fellow picked up his -gun from the fence corner and raising the same exclaimed, "You are the -d----d fellow that took off our cook." I was completely taken by -surprise, and the first word I spoke I said, "You lie", and I jumped off -my mule and drew my pistol. My neighbors say they saw her follow your -wagon the day after you camped here the night before. I said, In fact we -caught up with a negro woman about two miles from here carrying a large -bundle on her head, and she asked my driver if she could put her -incumbrance on the wagon. I said, No, my mules have all they can pull, -and are jaded already. In fact that was all the words that passed -between her and me and up to about 10 o'clock a. m. she was either -walking in front or behind the team, carrying her luggage. I did not -know where she came from nor where she was going. I supposed she was on -her way to Savannah, like the rest of them. I guess you see them pass -here daily. He said, some of my neighbors told me they saw her behind -your wagon. Just at that moment Messrs. L. D. Newsome and Seaborn -Newsome and Alex Brown drove up, hauling cotton to Savannah. I was glad -to see them. Hello boys, you of Washington County come in good time. -Here are some fellows accusing me of stealing their negro cook. They -said at once, Oh, no! You got hold of the wrong fellow. We know him, he -comes from our county and would not do such a thing. He is a Confederate -soldier and fought all through the war. Then I said, Mr. Guerry, let us -reason together. You have always treated me clever when I passed here. I -have never entered your yard. I always paid you for what you sold to me. -The negroes are free and they are thought to migrate. I had no rights to -stop the woman on her journey, but had I known that she was your servant -I would have talked to her and advised her to go back where she belongs. -Mr. Guerry seemed to regret his hasty words and begged my pardon, and -insisted on all of us, to go into the house for refreshments. We finally -shook hands and parted good friends. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXV. - - -A rainy season soon set in; the streams were overflowing, and the road -became bad and hard, to travel. On arriving at the Ogeechee river at -Summertown I found that it had deborted its banks and was at least a -quarter of a mile wide. I struck camp, waiting for the water to recede. -The following day Geo. W. Kelley drove in sight. He also had a load of -five bales of cotton and he struck camp. But it continued to rain and -the river instead of receding became wider and deeper. The cotton market -was declining rapidly and we were anxious to reach the market. I -suggested to Mr. Kelley that I would take the tallest of the mules and -sound the width of the current. The mule walked in the water up to the -banks, neck deep, when he began to swim, I guided him when again he -struck foothold. I rode to the end of the water, in parts only breast -deep. I retraced my steps and reported my investigation. We held counsel -together and concluded that by using prolongs we could hitch the eight -mules to one wagon and while the rear mules would be in mid stream the -front ones would be on terra firma and pull the team across. We sent to -Mr. Coleman who lived close by, for ropes. We cut saplings, laid them -on top of each wagon, fastened the ends tight to the wagon body so as to -prevent the current from washing off any of the cotton while the wagon -would be submerged in midstream during the crossing. Our plan proved to -be a successful one, and thus we forded the Ogeechee river without the -least accident. We repeated the same tactics for the remaining wagon. We -reached Savannah in due time, sold the cotton and bought merchandise for -other parties, and I received pay going and coming. On returning I -concluded to cross the river by the upper route, at Jenkins Ferry, to -avoid recrossing the river as per previous method. We struck camp at -dark close to the river bank. I told Perry to feed and water the team -while I would examine the ferry flat. Presently Mr. Stetson from -Milledgeville, drove up and also struck camp. I considered the flat a -very shabby and a dangerous affair to cross on with a heavy load and so -reported, but Mr. Stetson thought it all right. The following morning at -break of day the ferryman was on hand as per arrangements that evening. -Stetson and his men hurried up so as to get across first and thus gain -time. My man Perry also hurried faster than was his wont to do, for he -was usually slow in his movements, when I cautioned him to take his -time and go slow and let the other wagon cross first. It was well that I -did so, for the flat went down nearly midstream, and if the front mules -had not had foot hold in time the whole business would have drowned. -Stetson's damage in merchandise was considerable. He was loaded with -salt, cutlery and general merchandise. When I saw that no personal -damage was done I bid them good bye to take another route by a twenty -mile detour, via. Louisville, and crossed the river at Fenn's Bridge. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXVI. - - -The Central road was being rebuilt from Savannah and we met the trains -at its terminals, thus shortening the distance of our journeys. The -train had reached Guyton, thirty miles this side of Savannah and was -advancing daily until completed to Macon. It was early in the spring -when I met the train at station No. 6, a flat country. It had rained -nearly daily for a week; the roads were slushy, I had on a heavy load; -we had traveled the whole day long until dark. It was hard to find a dry -knob to camp on, until finally we came to a little elevation. I said -Perry we are going to stop here. He guided the team into the woods a few -paces and unhitched, while I was looking for a few lightwood knots to -build up a fire. Everything was wet and it was hard to kindle up a -blaze. When suddenly there arrived on the scene an ambulance pulled by a -team of four splendid mules and thirteen Federal soldiers alighted. They -took the grounds on the opposite side of the road. I thought to myself, -Now I am into it. Perry was on his knees, fanning up the damp pine -straw, when one of those fellows called, Heigho, you black fellow, come -here. I said to Perry in an undertone, Attend to your business. When -the same fellow called again, Hello you negro, I told you to come here, -did you hear me? accompanying his remarks with the coarsest words. Perry -answered, My boss told me to tend to my business. D----n you and your -boss, too, was his reply. As he had completed the sentence, I being -close by the side of my wagon, reached up and took my Spencer in hand, -bringing it from a trail to a support. I stepped to the center of the -road, saying, D----n you some too. This is not the first time I have met -some of you at odds, and I am ready for the fray, if it has to be. -Everything was quiet, not a word was uttered. I still remained standing -in the road, watching any move they might make, when one of them spoke, -saying, Will you let me come to you? He spoke in a very conciliatory -tone. I said, Yes, one at a time. He came to me unarmed, and said, Let -us have no trouble; don't pay any attention to that fellow, he is -drinking. There is plenty of room here for all of us, without any -friction. I said, Well, if your friend is drunk, take care of him. I am -able to take care of myself. He returned to his camp and I to mine. I -heard him say to his comrades, That fellow won't do to fool with. By -that time Perry had succeeded in having a rousing fire and we went to -work on the culinary department. Our meals were simple, a little fried -meat and corn bread and water from out of a ditch. Presently one of the -Federals hollered over, "Say, Johnnie, don't you want some coffee?" I -answered, "No, it has been so long since I tasted any I have forgotten -how it tastes." He said, We have a plenty and you are welcome to it if -you will have it. I said I have no way to make coffee if I had any. So -one of them came over with some parched coffee and offered it to me. I -declined it, for I had no mill to grind it, nor any vessel to stew it -in. They insisted, bringing over all of the paraphernalia for the -brewing of coffee and I must admit that it was enjoyed by Perry, as well -as myself, it being the first that had passed my lips in four years. -After our meal was completed they came over, one after another and sat -around the fire. The conversation became general and I found them to be -very congenial company. One brought me a whole haversack full of green -coffee, saying, Have it, we have a sack of over a hundred pounds. I -thanked them saying, This is quite a treat. And what seemed to be a -disagreeable affair in its incipiency terminated most agreeably. It -having become late I suggested that we take a night cap and retire. I -passed around the jug and each returned to his respective quarters. -However I slept, as the saying is, with one eye open. Early in the -morning we fed the mules, rekindled the fire, drank a warm cup of coffee -and ate a bite or so. We harnessed two of our mules, two of which in the -lead were of small size, when one of the Federals proposed to swap -mules. I said, Your mules are worth a great deal more than mine, and I -have no money to pay boot. We don't want any money said another, we want -you to have the best team on the road, by swapping your two lead mules -for those tall black ones of ours you will have a real fine team. They -then said they were on their way to Augusta to report to the -quartermaster there, that they had receipted for four mules and a sack -of coffee to be delivered to the quartermaster in Augusta. The mules in -their possession were not branded as government mules but were picked up -and a mule is a mule, so we deliver the number of heads is all that is -required. To tell the truth I feared a trap, but while I was talking -with one of them the others changed the lead mules for two of theirs and -off they drove in a lope, singing, Old John Brown Lies Buried in the -Ground, etc. We trudged along, Perry and I elated over our good luck, -when Perry said, Well Marse Ike, your standing up to them made them your -friends. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXVII. - - -I had rented the store house from Mr. Billy Smith where he and Slade had -done business before the war, in Sandersville, and opened up business in -heavy and family groceries. In the meantime my team was making the trip -between Sandersville and the Central terminal, which had not -considerably advanced, owing to the demoralized condition of labor. So I -concluded at this particular time it would accelerate matters by hauling -a load of merchandise with my team; hence I drove through all the way to -Savannah. While there, on passing Congress street, I met an old friend -named Abe Einstein, of the firm of Einstein and Erkman, wholesale -drygoods merchants. He was speaking to one Mr. Cohen from New York, who -had just arrived by steamer with a cargo of drygoods. He wanted to -locate in Augusta, but owing to the Federals having torn up that branch -of the railroad at Millen the Augusta trains run no further than -Waynesboro. Hence he was trying to fill in the gap with teams. Mr. -Einstein told him that I had a splendid team and that I would be a good -man for him to employ. So he asked me if I would haul a load for him. I -replied I would if he would pay me enough for it. He said, How much can -you pull at a load? I said, My mules can pull all that the wagon can -hold up. What do you ask? Four hundred dollars. Whiz, I did not want to -buy your team, I only wanted to hire it. I said to him, Well, that is my -price. I said, You fellows up North tore up the road, you ought to be -able to pay for such accommodations as you can get. He studied over the -situation a little. Turning to Mr. Einstein, Do you know this man; can I -rely on him? Mr. Einstein replied, Perfectly reliable, I stand sponsor. -He said, I tell you what I'll do, I'll pay you down $200.00 and Mr. -Einstein will pay you $200.00 when you return. Mr. Einstein agreed to -it, so I said, That is satisfactory, I shall deliver so many boxes as -you put on to the agent, take his receipt for the same and Mr. Einstein -will pay me $200.00 due. I had, to my regret, had to discharge my -teamster Perry, owing to the neglect of duty, and engaged another named -Bill Flagg. He was an old conscientious negro, very religiously -inclined. We loaded our team and followed instructions. On arrival at -Waynesboro, I never had been there before, so I inquired for the depot -and found an improvised little house beside the railroad track and a man -claiming to be the railroad agent. I have a load of goods here for -Augusta. Put them in the car, said he. I said, count the boxes and make -me out a receipt. He said all right. After my business with the agent -was concluded, I asked him to show me the Louisville route, which he -pointed out to me, with several explanations as to the right and left -intervening roads. Waynesboro was at that time, as it is now, the county -site of Burke county, a town of about 1000 inhabitants. It has greatly -improved since and is quite a prosperous city of some importance now. - -Before we got out of the incorporation a detachment of Federal troops -surrounded my team and ordered my driver to dismount. I was a few paces -behind my wagon and I hurried to the front. One of the soldiers had hold -of my mules' bridle and ordered my driver to dismount. I said to my man, -If you dismount I will kill you; you sit where you are, you are under my -orders. I ordered the trooper to let go my mule. He turned loose the -bridle, but held his position with others in front of the team. The -commotion brought together the balance of the garrison and some -citizens. I remarked right here, I'll sell out; you shall not deprive me -of the means to make an honest living. So the Captain remarked, We are -ordered to take up all Confederate property. I said, I have no -objection for you to take up Confederate property, but this is my -individual property and your action is highway robbery, which I do not -propose to submit to. There is a way to prove those things; I am a -citizen of Sandersville and have been wagoning for a living. There is a -garrison of troops in my town and if this is Confederate property they -have had a chance to confiscate it long ago. He said, What is your name? -I answered, I. Hermann, Sandersville, Washington County, is my home. He -pretended to make a note of it and told me to drive on. I was glad to -have gotten out of that scrape. On reaching home Flagg came to me, -saying, Boss, I have to quit you. What is the matter, Bill? said I, have -I not always treated you right. Oh yes, but I am afraid of you. How so -Bill? I am afraid some day you might get mad with me and kill me: Any -man that can stand before a whole company of Yankees like you and keep -them from taking his team, is a dangerous man. You must get you another -man. I said, all right, Bill. When Perry heard that Bill Flagg had left -my employment he came to me, asking to be re-instated and promising to -be more attentive to his duties. So I took him back and he remained with -me for several years. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXVIII. - - -The railroad track had advanced considerably, and in the Fall of the -year, 1866, had reached Bartow, No. 11. My partner for some time had -taken charge of the team while I attended to the store. Once he came -home badly bunged up and a knife cut on his cheek. I said, What has -happened? He said he had some difficulty with the Agent and they double -teamed on him. So I remarked, Well, you can send Perry without you -going. I wrote to the agent asking him to deliver to the bearer, Perry, -a load of my merchandise then in his possession, to check off the same -and send me a list. We had at that time two car loads on the track for -the firm. When Perry returned he failed to bring the list, his wagon -being loaded with corn and every sack ripped more or less. I said, How -come you to accept merchandise in that condition. He answered, the sacks -were allright when I took them out of the car, it was after they were -loaded one of them fellows, a white man named Smith, run around the -wagon and cut the sacks and I spilled lots of corn. I picked up some of -it and put in that sack, indicating a sack 3/4 full. I said, Do you know -the man; would you recognize him again if you were to meet him? Oh yes, -Marse Ike. Saturday morning I took charge of the team and my partner -remained at the store. I took dinner and fed my mules at my friends' Mr. -B. G. Smith, to whom I stated the facts as told to me. He said, be -careful, don't be too hasty. I said, Right is right and I don't want -anything but my rights, and those I am going to have before I return. - -We arrived at our destination about four o'clock p. m. The Sherman -contingency had burned the warehouse as they did all the others along -their march. Consequently the railroad Company used passenger cars on -the side track to transact their office work, while freight cars served -as a warehouse until discharged of their contents. As I entered the -office car a young man met me. I remarked, Are you the agent? He said, -No, Mr. Mims is at Parson Johnson's house. What is your name? My name is -Smith. Then you are the scoundrel that mutilated my goods, and I -advanced. He run out of the door and slammed it to with such force that -he shattered the glass panel into fragments. When I came out to where -Perry was, he said, That's the fellow that cut the sacks, there he goes. -Well Perry build a little fire by the side of this car for here we will -camp until some one returns to deliver us the freight. The sun had set -below the horizon and it had begun to get night, when Mr. Tom Wells, an -acquaintance of mine, approached me. He was an employee of the railroad -company also. Well Ike, old fellow, how are you getting along? All right -Tom, how are you? I am all right. What brought you here, said he? I said -business, I have goods here if I can find an agent to deliver them. I -heard you came here for a difficulty, said he. I remarked, It seems I am -already in a difficulty, I can't get any one to deliver me my goods. -Well, I will tell you, Mr. Mims is a perfect gentleman. I am glad to -hear it. Do you know him? No, I have never seen him, but up to now I -can't have the same opinion of him that you have. I have not been -treated right and I came here for justice. He said, Well, let me tell -you; there are about forty employees here, hands and all, and they will -all stick to him, right or wrong. I said, I came here to see Mr. Mims -and I intend to stay here until I do see him, if it takes me a week. -Well Ike, if you promise me that you will not raise a difficulty I will -go after him and introduce you to each other. I said, Tom, there are -other ways to settle a difficulty without fighting if men want to do -right. Well I will go for him; I know Mr. Mims is going to do what is -right, and you too. Mr. Mims came presently, and a whole gang following -him. I said, Mr. Mims, it seems you and my partner had a difficulty. I -do not know the cause and I do not care to know. He said you fellows -double teamed on him and he got worsted in the fight. To avoid a -recurrence of the difficulty I sent my driver to you and a note. You -ignored my note and sent me a load of corn with all the sacks ripped -open, more or less, with a knife in the hands of one of your employees. -I berated my man for accepting goods in that condition and he stated to -me how all of it was done. I am now here to see what can be done about -it. I have never done you any injury to be treated in that manner. He -said, Mr. Hermann, I am sorry it happened. I will see that it will not -be done again. I said, Have you discharged the fellow who did it? He -answered, No, not yet. I said, Well, I demand that it be done now. And -what about the damage I sustained. He remarked that the road would run -to Tennille by next Wednesday, a distance of 25 miles, and he would -forward my two car loads of freight free of charge from Bartow to -Tennille. I said that was satisfactory. I wanted to load my wagon; he -said, we do not deliver goods at night. I answered that if he had been -at his post of duty on my arrival I would have had plenty of time to -load and be on my way back, and I wished to load up at once for the -morrow being Sunday I did not want to be on the road. He delivered the -merchandise and Perry and I passed Sunday with my friend B. G. Smith, -who was glad matters passed off as they did. Monday morning we took an -early start and by twelve o'clock I was at home. That was my last trip -as a wagoner, but not as a soldier, as the sequel will show. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXIX. - - -When the commanding officers of the Confederate army surrendered and -stacked arms the rank and file expected that the terms of the cartel -promulgated and agreed upon would be carried out to the letter. The men -laid down their arms in good faith, feeling as General R. E. Lee -remarked in his farewell address to them, that under present unequal -condition it would only be a waste of precious lives to continue the -struggle. The following were the terms of the agreement entered into -between General Grant and General Lee: The officers and men to return to -their homes and remain there until exchanged and not to be disturbed by -the United States authorities so long as they observe their paroles and -the laws in force in their respective states. - -But the fellows who directed the ship of state and who were invisible on -the firing line became invincible, when the South lay prostrated. The -first order was from Secretary Staunton, for the arrest of our -commanding officers. This order, however, was resented by General Grant -as contrary to the cartel and should not be executed. This caused a -rupture between the two and the order was finally rescinded. The next -step was to disperse all State authority and appoint a military -Governor. General Wilson acted in that capacity in Georgia. The same -year, 1865, negroes were proclaimed free and military garrisons -established in every town, city or village throughout the South. Under -the superintendence of those militaries the Freedmen's Bureau was -established, forcing negroes to migrate from one place to another, thus -breaking up the good relationship still existing between Masters and -servants. The bureau was seemingly gotten up for the protection of the -blacks, as if they needed any protection, they to whom we owed so much -for their good behavior during the time when every available man able to -bear arms was at the front, leaving their families in charge of the -negroes. The gratitude of our people was or ought to have been -sufficient guarantee in that line. Such harmonious condition did not -suit the powers that be, there was venom in their heart for revenge, and -punitive measures were concocted. Never were captives bound tighter than -the people of the South. Is it a wonder that the men of the South became -desperate and used desperate remedies to oust more desperate diseases? -The carpet baggers made their exit. The negroes' mind had been -prejudiced under the auspices of those vultures. They were forced into -societies, one of which was the Rising Sun. Some called it The Rising -Sons. God only knows what ultimate result they expected to obtain. Drums -and fifes were heard in every direction at night times. The woods were -full of rumors that the negroes are rising. Men in towns made ready for -emergencies, every one on his own hook; no organization for defense, in -case harsher measures should be needed. When the author of this sketch -took up the idea of a reunion of his comrades and inserted a call in the -county's weekly, calling on the members of Howell's Battery for a social -reunion, their wives and children, when other veterans suggested why not -make it a reunion for all the veterans of the County. I was only too -glad for the suggestion and changed the call to include all veterans of -the county, and on the day specified there was the greatest reunion -Washington County ever had. It was estimated that eight thousand people -participated. There were over one hundred carcasses besides thousands of -baskets filled to overflow with eatables and delicacies. The object of -the meeting was stated to form an artillery company as a nucleus or -rallying head and to meet organization with organization not as a -measure of aggression but as a protection. The author was elected -Captain. Under his supervision he built an armory and eventually the -State furnished him with two pieces of artillery. The day he received -the guns he had a salute fired. The boys in the rural districts had not -forgotten the sound of artillery and the town was filled with -enthusiasm. Some of the negro leaders called on me to know what all that -means, I told them it was to teach their misguided people that we can -play at the same game and if they don't stop beating their drums and -blowing fifes in the night time when honest people are at rest I would -shell the woods. This admonition had a splendid effect and the people of -Washington have lived in peace ever since. The author resigned his -commission in the year 1881, when Honorable Alex Stephens was Governor -of Georgia. And Washington County has the honor of having inaugurated -the first reunion of Confederate veterans. The citizens of Washington -County and Howell's Battery presented the author with a gold headed -ebony cane, beautifully carved, as a memorial and their regard for him -as a citizen and a soldier. Being taken by surprise I had to submit to -the caning. - -The South passed seemingly through the chamber of horrors of the Spanish -Inquisition and punishments administered by degrees. First robbing the -owners of their slaves, of their justly acquired property, after they, -(the North), received from the Southern farmer its full equivalent in U. -S. money. Second, in the promulgation of the Civil Rights Bill, in -April, 1866. Third, in forcing the Southern people to accept the 14th -and 15th amendment to the Federal Constitution, not as a war measure, as -Abraham Lincoln claimed, when issuing his proclamation to free the -negroes, but as political measures to perpetuate themselves in power. - -Georgia, Alabama, Arkansas, Louisiana, South Carolina and North Carolina -refused to accept those conditions and in consequence were not admitted -into the Union until 1868, although paying enormous taxes without -representation, and finally had to submit in self defence. Virginia, -Texas and Mississippi held out until 1870 before they succumbed to the -thumb screw. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXX. - - -In writing the foregoing reminiscences I came near omitting an incident -that unless inserted would make them incomplete. In 1868 I went to New -York, via. Charlotte, North Carolina. It was a long journey by rail, on -account of many disconnections and lay overs. On arriving at Greenville -the South Carolina Legislators had adjourned in Columbia and boarded the -train enroute for Washington, D. C. to see General Grant inaugurated as -President of the U. S. The body at that time was composed of a mongrel -set of coal black negroes, mulattoes and carpet baggers. Cartoosa, a -mulatto, was then Treasurer of the State. A negro named Miller was -General in chief of the S. C. militia of State troops. They came -prepared to have a regular holiday. They carried large willow baskets -full of the best provisions and champagne by the quantity, all at the -expense of the State of South Carolina. On arriving at Aqua Creek, which -was about 5 o'clock p. m., we took the boat up the Potomac and were -furnished with dinner. When the bell rang, one of the South Carolina -Legislators, a coal black negro, took his seat at the table when one of -the waiters, also a negro, whispered in his ear. He replied in a very -boisterous manner that his money was as good as any white man's. The -waiter reported to the Purser, who took the would be gentleman by -putting two fingers in his collar, lifted him up and gave him a kick -that sent him reeling into the engine room. The white carpet baggers -seemed not to have noticed this little side show. However the black -brute continued his boisterous remarks and abusing the white race, and -that he, a South Carolina representative had his dignity grossly -insulted and that he was going to report the incident to General Grant -on arrival. When an old gentleman who must have been between 65 and 70 -years of age could not stand his abuse any longer, although the balance -of the passengers were amused at his discomfiture took a pistol from his -coat side pocket, shoved it near the negro's face and remarked, I stood -that abuse as long as I intend to; one more word and I'll send you to -hell where you belong, you black brute. The representative, seeing that -this man meant what he said, kept mum. The South Carolina delegation -undoubtedly made a report at headquarters of the above incident, for in -the winding up of President Grant's inaugural address he expressed the -following sentiments: That he hoped that white and black races would -conform to the situation and that by mutual good conduct would maintain -the peace and harmony so necessary for both races, or words to that -effect. - -Arriving in New York I took in the City. It was my first trip there -since I had landed at Castle Garden from the four masted schooner, The -Geneese, nearly ten years previous. I visited the large firm and -emporium of H. B. Claflin & Company and spoke to Mr. Bancroft. I gave -him a statement of my commercial standing, such as it was, and asked for -his advice, as it was my first attempt as a dry goods merchant. My means -being very limited I wanted to make them reach as far as possible. He -treated me very courteously and furnished me with a salesman, whom he -introduced as Mr. McClucklan. On our way to the basement he asked me, -What State? I said Georgia. D----n Georgia. I stopped at once, looking -him squarely in the face I said, You can't sell me any goods, I am going -for some one not prejudiced against my State, and started back, when he -exclaimed, Hold on, you misconstrue me; I have been a prisoner at -Andersonville and I hate the name of Georgia. I do not mean to say that -there are no good people in Georgia, like everywhere else. Noting a -keystone that I wore on my watch chain he said, I see you are a Mason? -So am I, displaying a square and compass pinned on the lapel of his -coat. We can talk together, said he. If it had not been for a brother -Mason I don't think I'd be here today, I think I would have died of -starvation. He told me of his transit from Andersonville to the Coast. -When the train stopped at a country station, the name of which he did -not know but he knew it was on the Central railroad, he gave the words -of distress. It was a dark night, he could hardly have expected anybody -to answer it, but someone did and before the train left some one brought -him enough fried ham and biscuit to last him several days. So I said, It -was wrapped in a home made napkin with blue borders. He looked at me -with astonishment, saying, So it was; what do you know about it. I said, -I am the fellow, and told him what I did and that Mrs. Hardwick -commended me for it and would not take any pay and that the station was -Davisboro. The man was beside himself. He hugged me, tears ran down his -cheeks; he acted like a crazy fellow. He said, You can't buy any goods -today, you are my guest. He ran to Mr. Bancroft to get excused, saying -that I was an old friend and that he wanted to get off that day. He -hired an open carriage and we drove over the whole city, showing me -everything worth seeing. He carried me around to a fine restaurant and -ordered an elaborate dinner, spent his money with the most lavish hand, -regardless of my protestations, for he would not let me spend a copper. -The following day I made my purchases. It is useless to say that he -dealt squarely with me and with his advice and experience I made what -small capital I had purchase me a very decent stock of merchandise. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXXI. - - -Again when President Lincoln in 1863 issued his edict to the Commanding -Generals in their respective territory to proclaim all the negroes free, -as a war measure, as he claimed, he attempted on a large scale what John -Brown failed to make a success of on a small scale, namely to create a -servile insurrection, and thus exposing the helpless and defenceless to -the rapacity of semi-savage hordes. But it failed, as all other attempts -in that line have failed, thus again proving the good relationship -existing between the masters and their servants. Compare the situation -now with that of the ante-bellum days. When a white emissary from the -North hired a horse and buggy from the proprietor of the hotel in -Sandersville, Washington County, Georgia, and left with the same for -parts unknown, he was finally located in Florida and captured and -brought back and put in jail. The lock of the jail was so rusted for the -want of use that it took the assistance of a locksmith to open the door -to let him in. How is it now? A commodious building has had to be -erected to accommodate the masses who trample under foot the laws of -their country; the jails and chaingangs are full to overflowing, with -the perpetrators of crimes. Those are the results of the so called -reconstructionists. Lynching was an unknown quantity in those days; -there was no necessity for it. The laws of the country were -administered, justly and loyally. Courts met at regular periods and -often adjourned the same day for the want of patronage. Some say we are -progressing. That is true, but in the wrong direction. Retrogressing is -the proper word to apply, especially in morality. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXXII. - - -Another illustration worthy of mention in connection with the others is -related here. A friend of mine named John J. Jordan, wounded at -Vicksburg, Miss., one of the cleverest and inoffensive beings, owned -several slaves by heritage. Among them was one John Foster, a mulatto. -He was an accomplished carpenter and very active. His master gave him -his own time and he was comparatively free all his life, he was devoted -to the Jordan family and was a very responsible negro, however, his -newly made friends the carpet baggers filled his brains with such -illusions that he became a leader among the negroes, making speeches and -made himself very obnoxious to those who were his friends from infancy. -All at once Foster disappeared. He was gone a couple of years when his -former master received a letter from him, dated New York, begging -assistance to enable him to return to Washington County. Notwithstanding -his master's impoverished condition, the money was sent him and Foster -came back entirely reformed. He had no more use for the Yankees, his -short stay among them cured him. What a pity the authoress of Uncle -Tom's Cabin did not take John Foster under her protecting wings. What a -lost opportunity! What a fine additional illustration that picture would -have made to her already fertile imagination as the sequel will show. - -One day John Foster came to my house to see me. Good day, Marse Ike, -said he, I thought I'll come to see you it has been a long time since I -sawn you, and the following conversation took place: Where have you been -John? I've been to New York. How do you like New York? I don't like it -at all, let me tell you Mass Ike, those Yankees are no friends of the -negroes. Well John I could have told you so before you went. Mass Ike, -let me tell you what they've done. They told me I could make a fortune -in the North, that I could get four and five dollars a day by my trade -as a carpenter. Who told you so? Why John E. Bryant and his like of -carpet baggers. Well did you not get it? I got it in the neck, I tell -you what they did. I left here with right smart money, Marse John let me -pay him for my time and got nearly three hundred dollars that I saved. I -went to New York, and after looking around the city for a few days I -commenced hunting work, but wherever I went they shook their heads, for -no. I spent the whole winter there without striking a lick until I -spent all my money. I finally applied at a shop where a dutchman was -foreman, I was willing to work at any price for I had to live but do you -know what they did? No John, I don't. Well they every one of them, and -they worked twenty-five hands, laid down their tools and walked out of -the shop declaring that they would not work by the side of any damned -negro, and the boss had to discharge me. No, Marse Ike, the Yankees are -no friends to we colored people, only for what they can cheat us out of. -I worked all my life among white folks here at home and it made no -difference, I tell you Marse Ike, the people of the South are the -negroes friends. Well John, you did not say so before you left here. No, -I did not appreciate what the people here done for me until I went -North. Well, John, you ought to go among your people and disabuse their -minds and tell them what you know from personal experience. I am doing -that Marse Ike every day. I have not long to stay here below, I have -contracted consumption from exposure and am hardly able to do a day's -work. I am taking little jobs now and then. Well John, if you stand in -need of anything come to see me. You will always find something to eat -here and some clothes to wear. John died six months later. - - - - -CHAPTER XXXXIII. - - -Before concluding these reminiscences I take pleasure however in stating -that Capt. Howell and myself met after the surrender and after a -thorough understanding agreed that honors were easy and by mutual -consent to bury the hatchet and eventually became warm friends. A little -incident, however, is worth relating here. I was a delegate to a -Governatorial Convention from Washington County. Capt. Howell also was a -delegate from Fulton County, the vote was very close. We were each for -the opposing candidate, the convention lasted for several days and could -not agree. Capt. Howell came to see me, stating that he was a committee -of one appointed by the caucus to come to see me and influence me to -change my vote and vote for their candidate. I said "Capt. what did you -tell them?" He said, "I said I doubt very much that my influence would -have any effect, darn him I could not do anything with him when I had -the power to control him and I am satisfied that my mission will be in -vain." I said, "you spoke well, Captain, go back and report failure." - - -CONCLUSION. - -I would be derelict in my duty and the gratitude I feel towards the -noble women of the South who shared the brunt of misery while their -loved ones were at the front suffering the hardship and rigors of camp -life, and were fighting the battles for what they deemed their most -sacred duty. With aching heart and burning tears she bade her dear ones -God speed and a safe return, shouldering all the responsibilities of -providing for those who were left behind and not able to provide for -themselves. Did they stop at that? Many delicacies and garments were -sent to the front by them to cheer those in the field. They organized -wayside homes for those soldiers who were in transit. They visited the -hospitals and administered to the sick and wounded. They organized the -ladies' relief association and in every way imaginable added to the -comfort of those who shared the brunt of battle. The Confederate -veterans felt grateful to their wives, daughters and kinswomen who -banded themselves together under the name of U. D. C. They have -proclaimed in songs and stories the righteousness of the Confederate -cause and even at late date forced our adversaries to admit that the -cause we fought for was right and the Courts so hold it. Would it be -too much to ask the United Confederate Veterans to see that enduring -monuments of imperishable material be erected in the capital of every -Southern State to perpetuate the memory and the fidelity of those noble -heroines? - -[Illustration: "I've stood that abuse as long as I intend to; one more -word and I'll send you to hell, where you belong--you black brute."] - -Sparta heroism was tame indeed in comparison with that of Southern -women, especially those who were left in the wake of the invading armies -amidst the ruins of a once happy home. It is a half a century that has -elapsed since the thunder of Fort Sumter shook this hemisphere. New -generations have appeared on the scene, fraternization is progressing -slowly, but surely, the past is relegated gradually to the rear and the -States again assert their rights, as they see it. Therefore it behooves -the National administration to see to it that equal rights to all and -special privileges to none, is its duty to enforce so as to maintain -this nation the greatest nation on the globe. The sections must get -together and look to the wants and needs of their associates and as far -as lies in their power assist in bringing relief. Thus past differences -will vanish and brotherly love will again prevail and this United States -of America will forever be united to stand in bold relief the model -government in the world. - - - - -APPENDIX A. - - -LIST OF OFFICERS OF THE WASHINGTON RIFLES. - - Capt., S. A. H. Jones. - 1st Lt., J. W. Rudisill. - 2nd Lt., B. D. Evans. - 3rd Lt., W. W. Carter. - Ensign, C. M. Jones. - 1st Sergt., E. P. Howell. - 2nd Sergt., G. W. Warthen. - 3rd Sergt., J. M. G. Medlock. - 4th Sergt., A. D. Jernigan. - 5th Sergt., P. R. Taliaferro. - 1st Corpl., W. J. Gray. - 2nd Corpl., A. T. Sessions. - 3rd Corpl., W. H. Renfroe. - 4th Corpl., John R. Wicker. - Color Bearer, J. T. Youngblood. - Surgeon, B. F. Rudisill. - - -LIST OF PRIVATES. - - Allen, G. R. - Arnaw, James - Bailey, J. W. - Boatright, B. S. - Barnes, A. S. - Barnes, M. A. - Barwick, W. B. - Brantley, J. E. - Brown, Jos. M. - Collier, Ed. - Curry, David - Curry, S. K. - Curry, J. S. - Curry, J. H. - Cullen, S. E. - Cullen, W. A. - Cullen, E. W. - Commings, G. E. - Clay, W. S. - Cason, G. - Cason, W. - Cook, A. T. - Dudley, J. A. Q. - Dudley, W. H. - Durden, M. - Fulghum, J. H. - Fulford, T. B. - Fulford, S. - Flucker, M. R. - Gray, W. B. - Grimes, W. B. - Gilmore, J. N. - Gilmore, T. J. - Gilmore, S. M. - Gilmore, E. - Godown, James - Gaskin, J. - Haines, S. S. - Haines, C. E. - Haynes, T. H. - Hines, W. H. - Hines, A. C. - Hines, S. - Hines, R. - Hicklin, A. F. - Hicklin, W. P. - Hermann, I. - Honard, W. - Jordan, N. J. - Jordan, J. T. - Jordan, J. J. - Jones, W. H. - Jones, S. B. - Kinman, W. H. - King, Jas. R. - Kitrell, G. - Knight, W. G. - Kelley, G. W. - Knight, W. K. - Lamb, I. - Layton, J. H. - Lawson, W. H. - Lewis, W. H. - Lewis, W. B. - McCroon, J. J. - Medlock, E. - Morgan, John H. - Mason, G. L. - Matthews, W. C. - Massey, S. N. - McDonal, J. J. - McDonald, A. - Newsome, J. J. - Newsome, J. K. - Orr, T. A. - Peacock, G. W. - Parnell, R. J. - Pittman, W. H. - Roberts, J. B. - Parker, W. J. - Roberson, W. G. - Roberson, J. A. - Robison, R. T. - Robison, W. R. - Rodgers, L. - Riddle, A. M. - Rawlings, C. - Rawlings, W. H. - Renfroe, J. - Stanley, J. S. - Scarboro, A. M. - Stubbs, J. N. - Smith, J. C. - Smith, J. P. - Smith, J. H. - Smith, W. H. - Smith, John H. - Slate, S. L. - Solomon, H. - Sheppard, J. J. - Spillars, J. - Tarver, F. R. - Trawick, A. J. - Trawick, J. T. - Tyson, T. L. - Tookes, C. C. - Tarbutton, G. A. - Turner, N. H. - Veal, R. H. - Whitaker, G. W. H. - Whiddon, B. - Whiddon, M. M. - Warthen, T. J. W. - Wall, C. A. - Wall, W. A. - Waitzfelder, E. - Wagoner, W. H. - Wessolonsky, A. - Wicker, T. 0. - Watkins, W. E. - - - - - -APPENDIX B. - - -The Newnan Guards, A.--Capt. Geo. M. Harvey. -The Columbus Guards, B.--Capt. F. G. Wilkins. -The Southern Rights Guards, C.--Capt. J. A. Hauser. -The Oglethorpe Light Infantry, D.--Capt. J. O. Clark. -The Washington Rifles, E.--Capt. S. A. H. Jones. -The Gate City Guards, F.--Capt. W. F. Ezzard. -The Bainbridge Independents, G.--Capt. J. W. Evans. -The Dahlonega Vols., H.--Capt. Alfred Harris. -The Walker Light Infantry, I.--Capt. S. H. Crump. -The Quitman Guards, J.--Capt. Jas. S. Pinkard. -J. N. Ramsey of Columbus, Ga., was elected Colonel. - - - - -APPENDIX C. - - -1st. Lt. John W. Rudisill became Capt. of Compy. C. 12 Ga. Battalion. -2nd. Lt. Beverly D. Evans became Col. 2nd. Ga. State troops. -3rd. Lt. W. W. Carter became Capt. Compy. G. 49 Ga. Regiment. -Ensign C. M. Jones became Capt. Compy. H. 49 Ga. Regiment. -1st. Sergt. E. P. Howell became Capt. of Martins Battery. -4th. Sergt. A. D. Jernigan became Capt. Compy. H. 49 Ga. Regiment. -5th. Sergt. P. R. Taliaferro became Capt. Compy. E. 32nd. Ga. Regiment. -1st. Corporal W. J. Gray became 1st. Lieut. Sandersville Artillery. -2nd. Corp. A. T. Sessions became Lieut. Compy. B. 12 Ga. Battalion. -3rd. Corp. W. H. Renfroe became Lieut. -4th. Corp. J. R. Wicker became Lt. 32 Ga. -Private G. R. Allen became Lt. 57 Ga. -Private James Arnau became Lt. 49th Georgia. -Private B. S. Boatright became Lt. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private James M. Brown became Lt. 5th Georgia Reserve. -Private M. R. Flucker became Orderly Sergt. 12th Georgia. -Private T. J. Gilmore became Lieut. Martins Battery. -Private Wesley Howard became Corp. Martins Battery. -Private J. T. Jordan became Col. 49th Georgia Regiment. -Private W. H. Jones became Lt. 32nd Georgia Regiment. -Private S. B. Jones became Capt. 8th Georgia Cavalry. -Private James R. Kinman became Lieut. Company B. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private W. G. Knight became Sergt. Company B. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private Isaac Lamb became Lt. 53rd Georgia. -Private W. H. Lawson became Capt. 5th Georgia Reserve. -Private W. C. Matthews became Capt. 38th Georgia Regiment. -Private J. J. Newsome became Capt. Company E. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private Geo. W. Peacock became Lt. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private J. B. Roberts became Capt. Company D. 49th Ga. Regiment. -Private W. J. Parker became Capt. Cobbs Legiose. -Private W. G. Robson became Lt. Martins Battery. -Private J. A. Robson became Sergt. Company B. 12th Ga. Bat. -Private H. T. Robson became Sergt. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private J. N. Stubbs became Sergt. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private J. C. Smith became Lt. 12th Georgia Bat. -Private H. Soloman became Capt. 14th Georgia Regiment. -Private G. A. Tarbutton became Capt. Hillards Legion. -Private G. W. H. Whitaker became Capt. 12th Ga. Bat. -Private Benj. Whiddon became Capt. 5th Georgia Reserve. -Private T. O. Wicker became Adjt. 28th Georgia Regiment. -Private W. E. Watkins became Sergt. Company B. 12th Georgia Bat. - - - - -APPENDIX D. - - - Robert Martin, known as Bob Martin, from Barnwell, S. C., was - elected Captain. - - Evan P. Howell, 1st Lt. - W. G. Robson, 2nd Lt. - Reuben A. Bland, 3rd Lt. - H. K. Newsome, 1st Sergt. - S. J. Fulform, 2nd Sergt. - W. H. Hines, 3rd Sergt. - J. B. Warthen, 4th Sergt. - W. H. Dudley, 5th Sergt. - W. M. Cox, 6th Sergt. - Haywood Ainsworth, 7th Sergt. - W. B. Hall, 1st Corp. - W. B. O'Quinn, 2nd Corp. - W. F. Webster, 3rd Corp. - J. E. Cullin, 4th Corp. - - -PRIVATES. - - H. Allen - A. C. Hines - J. F. Bailey - J. D. Hardy - J. F. Brooks - Gabe Kittrell - W. A. Brown - J. E. Johnson - B. L. Bynum - A. R. Lord - W. T. C. Barnwell - M. B. Cox - R. W. Cullen - J. Curry - R. Dixon - R. E. Caudell - W. E. Doolittle - J. E. Ellis - Geo. T. Franklin - E. T. Ford - S. M. Gilmore - J. A. Godown - W. N. Harmon - Gabrill S. Hooks - V. A. Horton - C. Howell - J. J. Hadden - Ben Jones - R. E. Jackson - T. M. Lord - J. E. Mullen - H. C. Lord - J. W. Massey - J. J. O'Quinn - S. B. Pool - N. Raifield - Wm. F. Sheppard - W. L. Stephens - G. W. Thomas - W. H. Toulson - F. A. McCary - J. C. Waller - D. G. McCoy - F. M. Loden - J. B. Oxford - J. H. Pittman - H. L. Skelley - J. F. Salter - W. A. Smith - J. P. Thomas - R. Tompkins - D. B. Tanner - J. H. Veal - J. J. Waller - T. Webster - Simeon Bland - J. Armstrong - Henry Achord - C. Blizzard - T. J. Brooks - J. J. Braswell - T. M. Barnwell - W. B. Barwick - H. L. Cox - T. C. Cullen - A. Dixon - R. L. Campbell - E. D. Chaplen - J. C. Durham - B. O. Franklin - H. Ford - W. R. Gilmore - T. J. Gilmore - W. A. Grimes - G. W. Webster - T. J. Hamilton - Geo. D. Warthen - W. H. Horton - Lawson Taylor - W. C. Howard - All Armstrong - L. W. Hines - W. D. Bodiford - Red Jones - W. J. Brooks - J. Jackson - B. S. Braswell - F. A. Lockman - W. J. Bell - John L. Laymade - J. N. Bentley - N. A. Lord - S. B. Cox - W. J. Massey - E. W. Cullen - W. Oxford - T. A. Curry - F. Posey - J. H. Coleman - G. B. Rogers - D. F. Chambers - J. F. Sheppard - T. C. Doolittle - J. P. Smith - A. E. Erwin - W. C. Thomas - H. Fields - J. F. Tompkins - B. Garner - H. T. Thompson - E. T. Gilmore - W. Waller - R. A. Godown - T. C. Warthen - Isaac Herman - J. Wood - H. J. Hodges - T. R. Gibson - R. H. Hales - A. P. Heath - - - - - * * * * * - - - - -Transcriber's note: - -Obvious punctuation errors were corrected. - -The use of quotation marks is inconsistent. The text has been -transcribed as printed. - -Hyphen removed: breast[-]works (p. 84), horse[-]back (p. 7), -light[-]wood (p. 90), look[-]out (pp. 42, 52), out[-]flanked (p. 107), -quarter[-]master (p. 111), re[-]inforcement (p. 116), turn[-]pike (p. -18). - -Space added: "carpet[ ]baggers" (p. 234), turn[ ]pike (p. 60). - -Space removed: "knap[ ]sack" (p. 98). - -The following variant spellings occur and have not been changed: -"Allegheny" / "Alleghany", "a. m." / "A. M.", "p. m." / "P. M.", "sabre" / -"saber". - -P. 14: "Allaghany" changed to "Alleghany". - -P. 17: "missel" changed to "missle" (the whiz of the missile). - -P. 48: "picketc" changed to "pickets" (they drove in our pickets). - -P. 77: "rendezvoued" changed to "rendezvoused" (we rendezvoused at -Sandersville). - -P. 87: "fiften" changed to "fifteen" (fifteen minutes past eleven). - -P. 104: "enables" changed to "enabled" (enabled our skirmishers to come -in). - -Pp. 119, 121, 222: "Pemperton" changed to "Pemberton". - -P. 128: "statue" changed to "stature" (Thomas is a man of small -stature). - -P. 154: "decripid" changed to "decrepit" (leaving the old and decrepit). - -P. 158: "paroxisms" changed to "paroxysms" (the paroxysms of pain). - -P. 166: "hunded" changed to "hundred" (one hundred slaves). - -P. 167: "run" changed to "ran" (he ran his whole plantation). - -P. 180: The song in French has not been edited except for adding spaces -in the words "Mon helvretie" and "O ciel". - -P. 210: "run" changed to "ran" (ran the gauntlet). - -P. 211: "excrutiating" changed to "excruciating" (gave me excruciating -pains). - -P. 246: "paraphernelia" changed to "paraphernalia" (all of the -paraphernalia for the brewing of coffee). - -P. 246: "pssed" changed to "passed" (passed my lips). - -P. 254: "wright" changed to "right" (right or wrong). - -P. 260: "as" changed to "and" (as a citizen and a soldier). - -P. 268: "anti-bellum" changed to "ante-bellum" (the ante-bellum days). - -P. 270: "where-ever" changed to "wherever" (but wherever I went). - -P. 280: "Batalion" changed to "Battalion" (2nd. Corp. A. T. Sessions -became Lieut. Compy. B. 12 Ga. Battalion). - -P. 282: "Batt" changed to "Bat" (Private G. W. H. Whitaker became Capt. -12th Ga. Bat.). - -P. 282: "Adgt" changed to "Adjt" (Private T. O. Wicker became Adjt. 28th -Georgia Regiment). - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MEMOIRS OF A VETERAN WHO SERVED AS A -PRIVATE IN THE 60'S IN THE WAR BETWEEN THE STATES*** - - -******* This file should be named 41528.txt or 41528.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/1/5/2/41528 - - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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