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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 41474 ***
+
+The Dixie Book of Days
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: FOUNDING THE FIRST PERMANENT ENGLISH COLONY IN AMERICA AT
+JAMES TOWNE, VIRGINIA, 1607]
+
+
+
+
+  The Dixie Book of Days
+
+  MATTHEW PAGE ANDREWS
+
+  PHILADELPHIA AND LONDON
+  J. B. LIPPINCOTT CO.
+  1912
+
+
+
+
+  COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY
+
+  PRINTED BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY
+  AT THE WASHINGTON SQUARE PRESS
+  PHILADELPHIA, U. S. A.
+
+
+
+
+Preface
+
+
+In the preparation of this volume of quotations illustrative of the
+history and literature of the South, the editor wishes to acknowledge the
+kindness of publishers in granting permission to make selections. He
+desires especially to express his appreciation of the courtesy of the
+following firms: D. Appleton & Co.; Bobbs-Merrill Co.; The Century Co.;
+Doubleday, Page & Co.; Harper & Brothers; Houghton, Mifflin & Co.; B. F.
+Johnson Publishing Co.; P. J. Kenedy & Sons; J. B. Lippincott Co.;
+Longmans, Green & Co.; Lothrop, Lee, and Shepard Co.; The Macmillan Co.;
+Martin & Hoyt Co.; The Neale Publishing Co.; G. P. Putnam's Sons; Charles
+Scribner's Sons; Southern Historical Publication Society; Alfred M.
+Slocomb Co.; Small, Maynard & Co.; Stewart & Kidd Co.; F. A. Stokes Co.;
+State Company; Stone & Barringer Co.; and the Whitehall Publishing Co.
+
+  M. P. A.
+
+Baltimore, Md., April 30, 1912.
+
+
+
+
+Introduction
+
+
+This volume of brief selections from a wide range of Southern expression
+in prose and verse leads into fields of American history and literature
+which, perhaps, are not well known to the general public. The reader is
+not offered stacks of straw to thresh over; on the contrary, it has been
+the aim of the compiler, in a most congenial and delightful task, to
+afford others easy access to grain that he has already garnered. Generally
+speaking, the genius of literary production in the Old South did not
+aspire to an outlet in the field of professional endeavor. There were,
+however, many gifted writers who regarded production in prose and verse as
+a pleasant recreation rather than an end, or as an accomplishment common
+to cultured minds, to be called forth as occasion offered, or when some
+emotion prompted expression.
+
+By way of illustration, William Henry Timrod may be regarded as
+potentially a greater poet than his better-known son. Yet he was one of
+the occasional poets of the old régime. John Laurens composed a sonnet as
+he lay dying of wounds and fever incurred in defence of his country; and
+Stuart, in a later struggle, wrote verses while engaged in riding around
+McClellan's army. These and many others like them never seriously
+considered revising or publishing their work. They sang from time to time
+because to them "singing itself is so sweet." This peculiar diffidence is
+a relic of the past; and at the present time, one need but review the list
+of leading American novelists to find that a remarkably large proportion
+have come from the South and write on Southern themes.
+
+Thus, while the very nature of the South lends itself to sentiment and
+romance, her history is yet to be written. This little volume attempts,
+therefore, with particular care, to treat of historical events as their
+anniversaries bring them to mind. Comparatively few are the enduring works
+of Southern historians; and yet from the beginning of colonization the
+South has thrilled with the record of daring achievement. In the work of
+her soldiers and statesmen, the South led in shaping the Republic out of
+rebellion, revolution, and jarring elements. During and after the struggle
+with the mother country, Jefferson, Henry, Clark, and Virginia gave to the
+Nation the great States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and
+Wisconsin. It was Jefferson who secured to the Republic peaceful
+possession of the vast original tract of Louisiana; and it was he, with
+Lewis and Clark, who made good the claim to the Oregon territory.
+Furthermore, the mighty empire of Texas and the far Southwest was brought
+in under the initiative of the South and the leadership of Polk and Tyler.
+
+So did the South mightily assist in making a common government great and
+strong; but she was likewise building up a power which later overwhelmed
+her. In truth, she forged the fetters that for forty years chafed her
+people under an increasingly oppressive legislation; since it was a son of
+Carolina who first brought forward a tariff for protection, not for
+Carolina, but for New England and the Nation; and it was Clay of Kentucky
+who fostered the system until it involved the thirteen agricultural States
+of the South in an indirect taxation more burdensome than any direct
+impost ever proposed by Great Britain for the thirteen Colonies. In vain
+the South protested. Opposing majorities grew against her. And when a
+solidly sectional party became the dominant power, the Lower South
+attempted to exercise the hitherto generally conceded right of
+withdrawal, a right which had been particularly emphasized in New England
+when that section felt its interests to be in peril. The Upper South
+opposed coercion; and both prepared for the fight that followed. Such is
+the principle for which the South contended. She failed not in valor or in
+honor, but fell through exhaustion; yet glory stood beside her grief, and
+she endowed the Nation with the stainless names of Lee and Jackson.
+
+With the failure of the South to establish her independence, there fell
+also, as an incident of the struggle, that which most made her a separate
+section, politically, economically, and socially--the tutelage, in the
+most beneficent form of servitude ever known, of a child-race. That race
+was largely thrust upon her; and yet she raised its people from cannibal
+savages to civilized beings, whose devotion and faithfulness became the
+marvel of invading armies. Rather than interpret such a record to her
+shame, as some would have us do, let it be proclaimed as an everlasting
+tribute to the lofty character of Anglo-Saxon Christianity.
+
+The South, after fifty years, is more intimately a part of the Union than
+ever before. Her interests are national and her destiny great. In the
+youthful Bagley she was the first to give her blood in the war with
+Spain, therewith cementing the tie that now, without fetters, binds in a
+steadily growing amity and understanding. To-day, a true Southerner has an
+abiding love and loyalty for the section that has seen tears and grief, as
+well as sunshine and flowers, beyond the measure of any country of modern
+times; but he is also doubly true to, and proud of, the mighty progress of
+a reunited Republic. Surely it is due to the South and due to the Nation
+that the story of the South be told. And the highest aim of the compiler
+of these selections is that he may contribute something to promote that
+steadily expanding knowledge of historical truth which alone can fully
+allay the spirit of sectional strife, and from which alone we may look for
+perfect amity and understanding to ensue.
+
+  MATTHEW PAGE ANDREWS
+
+
+
+
+January
+
+
+TO TIME, THE OLD TRAVELER
+
+  They slander thee, Old Traveler,
+    Who say that thy delight
+  Is to scatter ruin, far and wide,
+    In thy wantonness of might:
+  For not a leaf that falleth
+    Before thy restless wings,
+  But in thy flight, thou changest it
+    To a thousand brighter things.
+
+         *       *       *       *
+
+  'Tis true thy progress layeth
+    Full many a loved one low,
+  And for the brave and beautiful
+    Thou hast caused our tears to flow;
+  But always near the couch of death
+    Nor thou, nor we can stay;
+  _And the breath of thy departing wings
+    Dries all our tears away_!
+                                WILLIAM HENRY TIMROD
+
+
+January First
+
+  Some thunder on the heights of song, their race
+  Godlike in power, while others at their feet
+  Are breathing measures scarce less strong and sweet
+  Than those that peal from out that loftiest place;
+  Meantime, just midway on the mount, his face
+  Fairer than April heavens, when storms retreat,
+  And on their edges rain and sunshine meet,
+  Pipes the soft lyrist lays of tender grace,
+  But where the slopes of bright Parnassus sweep
+  Near to the common ground, a various throng
+  Chant lowlier measures--yet each tuneful strain
+  (The silvery minor of earth's perfect song)
+  Blends with that music of the topmost steep,
+  O'er whose vast realm the master minstrels reign!
+                                PAUL HAMILTON HAYNE
+
+  O'er those who lost and those who won,
+  Death holds no parley which was right--
+  JEHOVAH judges Arlington.
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+_Paul Hamilton Hayne born, 1830_
+
+_James Ryder Randall, Laureate of the War between the States, born, 1839_
+
+
+
+
+January Second
+
+                               ... In a word,
+  Mars and Minerva both in him concurred
+  For arts, for arms, whose pen and sword alike,
+  As Cato's did, may admiration strike
+  Into his foes; while they confess withal
+  It was their guilt styled him a criminal....
+                                _From Epitaph by "His Man"_
+
+In this epitaph we have what is in all probability the single poem in any
+true sense--the single product of sustained poetic art--that was written
+in America for a hundred and fifty years after the settlement of
+Jamestown.
+
+  WILLIAM P. TRENT
+
+_Nathaniel Bacon, "The First American Rebel," born, 1647_
+
+
+January Third
+
+  The only calendar
+    That marks my seasons,
+  Is that sweet face of hers,
+    Her moods and reasons,
+  Wherein no record is
+    Of winter seasons.
+                      MADISON CAWEIN
+
+_Alfred Mordecai born, 1804_
+
+
+January Fourth
+
+The strange and curious race madness of the American Republic will be a
+study for centuries to come. That madness took a child-race out of a warm
+cradle, threw it into the ocean of politics--the stormiest and most
+treacherous we have known--and bade it swim for its own and the life of
+the nation!
+
+  MYRTA LOCKETT AVARY
+
+_The Social Equality Bill passed in Louisiana, 1869_
+
+
+January Fifth
+
+  What the cloud doeth
+  The Lord knoweth,
+  The cloud knoweth not
+  What the artist doeth,
+  The Lord knoweth;
+  Knoweth the artist not?
+                      SIDNEY LANIER
+
+
+January Sixth
+
+Few have equaled the old time negro at repartee, and a true Southerner
+heartily relished a clever rejoinder to his good natured raillery. The
+rejoinder was frequently overwhelming, always respectful, and generally
+worth an immediate acknowledgment in cash or old clothes.
+
+"Is that you, Peter?" called an old Confederate to his former body-servant
+on the road.
+
+Peter grinned broadly as he doffed his hat. "Yas, suh, dis yer me."
+
+"Well, well!" laughed the other. "I see that all the old fools are not
+dead yet."
+
+"Dat's so, Mars' Tom." Peter pulled his grizzly forelock appreciatively.
+"I's monsus glad to see dat you's in such good health, suh."
+
+
+January Seventh
+
+A WELL-KNOWN TYPE OF SOUTHERN MATRON BEFORE THE WAR
+
+Full well she knew the seriousness of life. Over and over the cares and
+responsibilities of her station as the mother of so many children, the
+mistress of so many servants and the hostess of so many guests, had
+utterly overwhelmed her. * * * * * Into how many negro cabins had she not
+gone, when the night was far spent and the lamp of life flickered low in
+the breast of the dying slave! How often she ministered to him with her
+own hands! * * * * Nay, had she not knelt by his lowly bed and poured out
+her heart to God as his soul winged its flight, and closed his glazed and
+staring eyes as the day was dawning? Yet the morning meal found her at her
+accustomed seat, tranquil and helpful, and no one but her husband the
+wiser for her night's ministrations.
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+
+_Fort Marion, Florida, seized by order of the Governor of Florida, 1861_
+
+
+January Eighth
+
+Jackson's line, extending about half a mile from the river to the swamp,
+was defended by a water-filled ditch and by a parapet of varying height
+and thickness. The idea that it was built of cotton bales is an absurd
+fiction that brings back the inspiring picture in Peter Parley's old
+history of our childhood days....
+
+  PIERCE BUTLER
+
+"What stopped you?" General Pakenham asked of a regiment of Scotch
+Highlanders. To which their colonel replied: "Bullets, mon! bullets! Auld
+Julius Caesar himself wouldn't have charged those devils."
+
+_The "Hunting Shirt Men" of the South versus Wellington's Peninsular
+veterans in the Battle of New Orleans, 1815; General Pakenham,
+brother-in-law of the Duke of Wellington killed_
+
+_James Longstreet born, 1821_
+
+
+January Ninth
+
+  Consider the lark! How he rises on wing,
+    And mounts to the sky through ethereal air!
+  He sings as he soars; 'tis his nature to sing,
+    To warble his notes though no listener be near.
+  I seek not for fortune, I sigh not for fame,
+    I follow my Muse into forest or street;
+  In sorrow, in gladness, I sing all the same,
+    I sing because singing itself is so sweet.
+
+    [These lines, typifying so much of the poetical expression of the old
+    South, were written by former Surgeon H. M. Clarkson, C. S. A., who,
+    on January 9, 1861, as a corporal of artillery, fired a single shot
+    from Fort Moultrie to challenge the _Star of the West_ in its attempt
+    to reinforce Fort Sumter. On the same occasion two other shots were
+    fired by the State cadets stationed on Morris Island, driving the
+    transport from the harbor. It is not improbable, therefore, that, as
+    the challenger of the hostile steamer, the writer of these verses
+    fired the first shot of the war between the States. Corporal Clarkson
+    was in charge of gun No. 13.--EDITOR]
+
+_The United States transport "Star of the West" attempts to reinforce Fort
+Sumter, 1861_
+
+_General John B. Gordon dies, 1904_
+
+_Mississippi secedes, 1861_
+
+
+January Tenth
+
+SECESSION: A SOUTHERN VIEW, 1861
+
+A State, finding herself in the condition in which Mississippi has judged
+she is--in which her safety requires that she should provide for the
+maintenance of her rights out of the Union--surrenders all the benefits
+(and they are known to be many), deprives herself of the advantages (and
+they are known to be great), severs all the ties of affection (and they
+are close and enduring), which have bound her to the Union; and thus
+divesting herself of every benefit--taking upon herself every burden--she
+claims to be exempt from any power to execute the laws of the United
+States within her limits.
+
+  JEFFERSON DAVIS
+    (_Farewell Address in United States Senate_)
+
+SECESSION: FROM THE NORTHERN STANDPOINT, 1814
+
+Whenever it shall appear that these causes are radical and permanent, a
+separation by equitable arrangement will be preferable to an alliance by
+constraint, among nominal friends, but real enemies, inflamed by mutual
+hatred and jealousy, and inviting, by intestine divisions, contempt and
+aggression from abroad.--_Journal of the Hartford Convention_
+
+_Florida secedes, 1861_
+
+_The "Bonnie Blue Flag" first sung in public at Jackson Mississippi, 1861_
+
+
+
+
+January Eleventh
+
+The States of Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee were engaged in practical
+movements for the gradual emancipation of their slaves. This movement
+continued until it was arrested by the aggressions of the Abolitionists.
+
+  GEORGE LUNT
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+And if the secrets of all hearts could have been revealed, our enemies
+would have been astounded to see how many thousands and tens of thousands
+in the Southern States felt the crushing burden and the awful
+responsibility of the institution which we were supposed to be defending
+with the melodramatic fury of pirate kings. We were born to this social
+order, we had to do our duty in it according to our lights, and this duty
+was made indefinitely more difficult by the interference of those who, as
+we thought, could not understand the conditions of the problem, and who
+did not have to bear the expense of the experiments they proposed.
+
+  BASIL L. GILDERSLEEVE
+
+_Thomas Jefferson Randolph's resolutions on the abolition of slavery
+introduced for extended debate in the Virginia Assembly, 1832_
+
+_Alabama secedes, 1861_
+
+
+January Twelfth
+
+  We are a band of brothers, and native to the soil,
+  Fighting for our liberty, with treasure, blood, and toil.
+  And when our rights were threatened, the cry rose near and far:
+  Hurrah for the Bonnie Blue Flag that bears a single star!
+                                                    HARRY MCCARTHY
+
+
+January Thirteenth
+
+FIFTY YEARS AFTER--THE VIEW OF A FEDERAL OFFICER OF '61-'65
+
+In case of direct and insoluble issue between Sovereign State and
+Sovereign Nation, every man was not only free to decide, but had to decide
+the question of ultimate allegiance for himself; and whichever way he
+decided he was right.
+
+  CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+
+January Fourteenth
+
+LAYING THE ATLANTIC CABLE
+
+Maury furnished the brains, England gave the money, and I did the work.
+
+  CYRUS W. FIELD
+    (_At a banquet in New York_)
+
+    After a little while
+  The cross will glisten and the thistles wave
+    Above my grave;
+    And planets smile.
+  Sweet Lord, then pillowed on thy gentle breast,
+    I fain would rest,
+    After a little while.
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+_Matthew Fontaine Maury born, 1806_
+
+_James Ryder Randall dies, 1908_
+
+
+January Fifteenth
+
+A Northerner, who had purchased an estate in Virginia, noticed that smoke
+always emanated from the chimney of a cabin near his woods where an old
+negro lived. One day, on meeting the old colored man, he asked: "Where do
+you get your wood, Uncle?"
+
+The latter eyed him with an expression of great reproach and replied: "My
+pa was coachman at the Gret House, and he pa, and he pa; 'whar I git my
+wood?' That ain't no question for one gen'l'man to ax an'er!"
+
+_Fort Fisher, North Carolina, captured, 1865_
+
+
+January Sixteenth
+
+  When wintry days are dark and drear
+    And all the forest ways grow still,
+  When gray snow-laden clouds appear
+    Along the bleak horizon hill,
+  When cattle all are snugly penned
+    And sheep go huddling close together,
+  When steady streams of smoke ascend
+    From farm-house chimneys--in such weather
+      Give me old Carolina's own,
+      A great log house, a great hearthstone,
+      A cheering pipe of cob or briar
+      And a red, leaping light'ood fire.
+                                JOHN HENRY BONER
+                                  (_The Light'ood Fire_)
+
+_Forcible resistance to British Stamp Act under Colonel Hugh Waddell, of
+Wilmington, N. C., 1766_
+
+
+January Seventeenth
+
+VALLEY FORGE EXCEEDED
+
+Starvation, literal starvation, was doing its deadly work. So depleted and
+poisoned was the blood of many of Lee's men from insufficient and unsound
+food that a slight wound which would probably not have been reported at
+the beginning of the war would often cause blood-poison, gangrene, and
+death. Yet the spirits of these brave men seemed to rise as their
+condition grew more desperate.... It was a harrowing but not uncommon
+sight to see those hungry men gather the wasted corn from under the feet
+of half-fed horses, and wash and parch and eat it to satisfy in some
+measure their craving for food.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_Tarleton routed at the battle of the Cowpens, S. C., 1781_
+
+
+January Eighteenth
+
+While the Confederate soldiers were in the trenches, the ingenuity of the
+Southern women was taxed to the utmost to supply their household needs.
+Medicine had been declared contraband of war by the Federal Government,
+and salt works were made a special object for attack. Remedies were
+improvised from herbs of all kinds; the dirt floor of the meat house was
+boiled for the salt it contained; soap was made from china-berries and
+lye; candles out of resin or waxed rope wound around a corncob; thorns
+were used for pins; shoes were fashioned out of canvas, and supplied with
+wooden soles; buttons were made from persimmon seed; tumblers out of glass
+bottles; tea out of berry leaves; and coffee was made from sweet potatoes
+and dandelion seed.
+
+    [Condensed from accounts of war times--Ed.]
+
+
+January Nineteenth
+
+ENGLISH TRIBUTES TO AMERICAN GENIUS
+
+LEE--One of the greatest, if not the greatest, of all the generals who
+have spoken the English tongue.
+
+  COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+POE--How can so strange and fine a genius and so sad a life be expressed
+and compressed in one line?
+
+  LORD TENNYSON
+    (_From letter in Poe Memorial Vol., 1877_)
+
+_Robert Edward Lee born, 1807_
+
+_Edgar Allan Poe born, 1809_
+
+_Georgia secedes, 1861_
+
+
+January Twentieth
+
+  No truth is lost for which the true are weeping,
+  Nor dead for which they died.
+                                FRANCIS O. TICKNOR
+
+
+January Twenty-First
+
+The following lines are remarkable in that they represent a boy's estimate
+of Stonewall Jackson before the war between the States. They were written
+by William Fitzhugh Lee when a cadet under Jackson at the Virginia
+Military Institute:--
+
+  Like some rough brute that roams the forest wild,
+  So rude, uncouth, so purely Nature's child,
+  Is "Hickory," and yet methinks I see
+  The stamp of genius on his brow; and he,
+  With his mild glance and keen, but quiet eye,
+  Can draw forth from the secret recess where they lie
+  Those thoughts and feelings of the human heart
+  Most virtuous, good, and free from guilty art.
+  There's something in his very mode of life
+  So accurate, steady, void of care and strife,
+  That fills my heart with love for him who bears
+  His honors meekly and who wears
+  The laurels of a hero! This is a fact,
+  So here's a heart and hand for "Jack!"
+
+_Stonewall Jackson born, 1824_
+
+
+January Twenty-Second
+
+Wherein, then, lay his strength, and what was the secret of his influence
+over all this land? I answer in one word--character. And what is meant by
+character? Courage? Yes; courage of his opinions, and physical courage as
+well; for he had a Briton's faith in pluck. Pride of race? In a limited
+sense, yes. Honesty? The question is almost an insult. Love of truth? Yes,
+undying love of it.
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+    ("_The Old Virginia Gentleman_")
+
+
+January Twenty-Third
+
+  I reckon hit's well we wuz all set free,
+  I s'pose dat's de way folks wuz meant ter be,
+  But I kain't see w'y dey's no manners lef'
+  Jes' kase dey happens ter own deyse'f.
+  I dunno rightly how ol' I is,
+  Hit mought be eighty, I reckon 'tis,
+  Yit I nuver gone now'ers, I tells you true,
+  But I tucken my manners an' breedin', too.
+                                ANNE VIRGINIA CULBERTSON
+
+
+January Twenty-Fourth
+
+  Dem sassy young niggers, dey plum' disgrace
+  De res' uv de' 'spectable cullud race.
+  Dey got dey books, dey kin read an' write,
+  But dey dunno 'nough fer to be perlite.
+  I kain't see how dey gwine git erlong,
+  Hit seem lak sump'n have done gone wrong.
+  I gits wo' out wid'em, dat's de fac',
+  But I orter mek 'lowance fer how dey ac',
+  'Kase de times an' de doin's is changed a lot,
+  An' dey ain' had de raisin' dat I done got.
+  Dar's nuffin lef' me but lookin' on
+  Twel me an' de ol'-time ways is gone.
+                                ANNE VIRGINIA CULBERTSON
+
+
+January Twenty-Fifth
+
+  Ah, only from his golden throne,
+      Upon his golden lute,
+  He touched the magic note; then Poe was known,
+      And so was quelled dispute.
+  Open thy portal, Fame! Let soar
+      That sombre bird, whose song is heard forevermore.
+                                DANIEL BEDINGER LUCAS
+                                  (_Referring to first publication of
+                                    Poe's Raven, 1845_)
+
+_George E. Pickett born, 1825_
+
+
+January Twenty-Sixth
+
+THREE VIEWS OF SECESSION CONNECTED WITH LOUISIANA; 1803-1811-1861
+
+Resolved, that the annexation of Louisiana to the Union transcends the
+Constitutional power of the Government of the United States. It formed a
+New Confederacy to which the States united by the former compact are not
+bound to adhere.
+
+  MASSACHUSETTS LEGISLATURE
+   (_Upon Purchase of Louisiana Territory, 1803_)
+
+_Louisiana secedes from the Union, 1861_
+
+_Virginia readmitted to the Union, 1870_
+
+
+January Twenty-Seventh
+
+If this bill passes, it is my deliberate opinion that it is virtually a
+dissolution of this Union, that it will free the States from their moral
+obligations, and as it will be the right of all, so it will be the duty of
+some, definitely to prepare for a separation, amicably if they can,
+violently if they must.
+
+  JOSIAH QUINCY
+    (_Representative from Massachusetts in Congress, opposing statehood
+      for Louisiana Territory, 1811_)
+
+_Richard Taylor born, 1826_
+
+
+January Twenty-Eighth
+
+The rights of Louisiana as a sovereign State are those of Virginia; no
+more, no less. Let those who deny her right to resume delegated powers
+successfully refute the claim of Virginia to the same right, in spite of
+her expressed reservation made and notified to her sister States when she
+consented to enter the Union.... For two-thirds of a century this right
+has been known by many of the States to be, at all times, within their
+power.
+
+  JUDAH P. BENJAMIN
+    (_Farewell Address in the United States Senate_)
+
+
+January Twenty-Ninth
+
+It was Lee who suggested the capture of Stony Point, and it was a band of
+North Carolinians who formed Wayne's head of column in the assault upon
+that fortress. Three hundred Virginians followed Lee in his successful
+dash against Paulus Hook on the Jersey coast, August, 1779.
+
+  HENRY A. WHITE
+
+_Henry Lee ("Light Horse Harry") born, 1756_
+
+
+January Thirtieth
+
+UNCLE REMUS AT THE TELEPHONE
+
+"Yer 'tis, Miss Sally," said Uncle Remus after listening a moment.
+
+"Dey's a mighty zooin' gwine on in dar, en I dunner whe'er Mars John
+tryin' ter scramble out, er whe'er he des tryin' fer ter make hisself
+comfertuble in dar."
+
+"What did he say, Remus?"
+
+"He up en low'd dat one un us wus a vilyun but dey wuz such a buzzin'
+gwine on in dar dat I couldn't 'zactly ketch the rights un it."
+
+  JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS
+
+
+January Thirty-first
+
+  I wish I was in the land of cotton,
+  Cinnamon seed and sandy bottom;
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+  Her scenes shall fade from my memory never;
+  For Dixie's land hurrah forever!
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+
+  Chorus:
+
+    I wish I was in Dixie;
+        Away, away;
+    In Dixie's land I'll take my stand,
+    And live and die in Dixie.
+        Away, away,
+    Away down South in Dixie.
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+                                MARIE LOUISE EVE
+                                  (_Version of "Dixie"_)
+
+
+
+
+February
+
+
+TAMPA ROBINS
+
+  The robin laughed in the orange-tree:
+  "Ho, windy North, a fig for thee:
+  While breasts are red and wings are bold
+  And green trees wave us globes of gold,
+  Time's scythe shall reap but bliss for me--
+  Sunlight, song, and the orange-tree....
+
+  "I'll south with the sun, and keep my clime;
+  My wing is king of the summer-time;
+  My breast to the sun his torch shall hold;
+  And I'll call down through the green and gold
+    _Time, take thy scythe, reap bliss for me,
+    Bestir thee under the orange-tree_."
+                                SIDNEY LANIER
+
+
+February First
+
+The Emperor of France made him Commander of the Legion of Honor; The
+Emperor of Russia, Knight of the Order of St. Ann; the King of Denmark,
+Knight of the Dannebrog; the King of Portugal, Knight of the Tower and
+Sword; the King of Belgium, Knight of the Order of St. Leopold;
+simultaneously with Tennyson, he was awarded an LL.D. by the University of
+Cambridge, England; he received honorary membership from a score of the
+world's leading societies of science and scholarship; the Pope conferred
+upon him a noteworthy testimonial; the Emperor of Mexico gave him a
+decoration; and Prussia, Austria, Sweden, Holland, Sardinia, Bremen, and
+France struck medals in his honor as the greatest scientist of the New
+World, and the peer of any in the Old.
+
+The government of his own country, says Professor Francis H. Smith, has
+"carefully omitted his name in official records of the departments he
+created"; nor is it even given a place among the many inscribed in the
+mighty mosaic of our National Library.
+
+_Matthew Fontaine Maury dies at Lexington, Va., 1873_
+
+_Texas secedes, 1861_
+
+
+February Second
+
+MAURY'S LAST WISH
+
+  "Home--bear me home, at last," he said,
+      "And lay me where my dead are lying,
+  But not while skies are overspread,
+      And mournful wintry winds are sighing.
+
+  "When the sky, the air, the grass,
+      Sweet Nature all, is glad and tender,
+  Then bear me through 'The Goshen Pass'
+      Amid its flush of May-day splendor."
+                                MARGARET J. PRESTON
+
+
+February Third
+
+  Snow! Snow! Snow!
+  Do thy worst, Winter, but know, but know
+  That, when the Spring cometh, a blossom shall blow
+  From the heart of the Poet that sleeps below,
+  And his name to the ends of the earth shall go,
+    In spite of the snow!
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+
+(_In welcoming "The Forthcoming Volume" of the poems of his fellow
+soldier, fellow patriot, and fellow artist_,
+
+  SIDNEY LANIER)
+
+_Sidney Lanier born, 1842_
+
+_Albert Sidney Johnston born, 1803_
+
+
+February Fourth
+
+What a beneficent provision of the Creator it was, to roll our little
+planet but one side at a time next the sun, that while one half of the
+world fretted and stormed and sinned, the other half might repent and
+sleep.
+
+WILLIAM ALEXANDER CARRUTHERS
+
+
+February Fifth
+
+MAURY
+
+  The stars had secrets for him; seas
+    Revealed the depths their waves were screening;
+  The winds gave up their mysteries;
+    The tidal flows confessed their meaning.
+
+  Of ocean paths, the tangled clew
+    He taught the nations to unravel;
+  And showed the track where safely through
+    The lightning-footed thought might travel.
+                                MARGARET J. PRESTON
+
+
+February Sixth
+
+GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+  Patriot, soldier, statesman,
+    Prince of the race of men;
+  Cypress and rue for his passing,
+    Laurel for sword and pen.
+
+  Dust for the hand that wrought;
+  But for the lessons taught
+    Life without end.
+                            IDA SLOCOMB MATTHEWS
+
+_John B. Gordon born, 1832_
+
+_John Pegram killed near Hatcher's Run, 1865_
+
+
+February Seventh
+
+And there's Joe--my bully Joe--wouldn't I walk ten miles of a rainy night
+to see them hazel eyes, and feel the grip of his soldier hand? Didn't my
+rooster always clap his wings and crow whenever he passed our quarters?
+"Instinct told him that he was the true prince," and it would make anybody
+brave to be nigh him.
+
+  MAJOR CHARLES H. SMITH
+    (_Bill Arp_)
+
+_Joseph E. Johnston born, 1807_
+
+
+February Eighth
+
+  Hath not the morning dawned with added light?
+    And shall not the evening call another star
+  Out of the infinite regions of the night,
+    To mark this day in Heaven? At last, we are
+  A nation among nations; and the world
+  Shall soon behold in many a distant port
+    Another flag unfurled!
+                                HENRY TIMROD
+                                  (_Ethnogenesis_)
+
+_Southern Confederacy begins to assume definite form in a league of seven
+Southern States, 1861_
+
+
+February Ninth
+
+The great change wrought by the States in resuming their sovereignty, and
+in forming the Confederate States Government, was attended by no anarchy,
+no rebellion, no suspension of authority, no social disorders, no lawless
+disturbances. Sovereignty was not, for one moment, in suspension.
+Conservatism marked every proceeding and public act. The object was to do
+what was necessary and no more; and to do that with the utmost temperance
+and prudence.
+
+  J. L. M. CURRY
+
+_William H. Harrison born, 1773_
+
+
+February Tenth
+
+You say we shall submit to your construction. We shall do it, if you can
+make us; but not otherwise, or in any other manner. That is settled. You
+may call it secession, or you may call it revolution; but there is a big
+fact standing before you, ready to oppose you. That fact is freemen with
+arms in their hands. The cry of the Union will not disperse them; we have
+passed that point. They demand equal rights; you had better heed the
+demand.
+
+  ROBERT TOOMBS
+    (_Farewell Address in the United States Senate_)
+
+
+February Eleventh
+
+Equality does not exist between blacks and whites. The one race is
+inferior in many respects, physically and mentally, to the other. This
+should be received as a fixed invincible fact in all dealings with the
+subject.
+
+  ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS
+    (_Vice-President of the Confederacy_)
+
+I will say in addition to this that there is a physical difference between
+the white and black races which I believe will forever forbid the two
+races living together on terms of social and political equality.
+
+  ABRAHAM LINCOLN
+    (_President of the United States_)
+
+_Alexander H. Stephens born in Georgia, 1812_
+
+
+February Twelfth
+
+Those who would shiver into fragments the Union of these States, tear to
+tatters its now venerated constitution, and even burn the last copy of the
+Bible, rather than slavery should continue a single hour, together with
+all their more halting sympathizers, have received, and are receiving
+their just execration; and the name and opinion and influence of Mr. Clay
+are fully and, as I trust, effectually and enduringly arrayed against
+them.
+
+  ABRAHAM LINCOLN
+    (_Eulogy on Clay, 1852_)
+
+The abolitionists were always the fiercest opponents of colonization. The
+practical improvement of the negro, in his native country, did not suit
+them so well as the impracticable idea of equalizing black men with white
+in a strange land.
+
+  GEORGE LUNT
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+_Abraham Lincoln born in Kentucky, 1809_
+
+_Gradual emancipation of slaves discussed at Maysville, Ky., 1849_
+
+
+February Thirteenth
+
+SAINT VALENTINE'S EVE
+
+  Thou wouldst be loved? then let thy heart
+    From its present pathway part not;
+  Being everything which now thou art,
+    Be nothing which thou art not.
+  So with the world thy gentle ways,
+    Thy grace, thy more than beauty,
+  Shall be an endless theme of praise,
+    And love a simple duty.
+                                EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+_Florida admitted to the Union, 1845_
+
+
+February Fourteenth
+
+  A Northern Tribute to the College of Jefferson,
+  Monroe, Tyler, and Marshall
+
+As a matter of comparison we have lately read that from William and Mary
+College, Virginia, thirty-two out of thirty-five professors and
+instructors abandoned the college work and joined the army in the field.
+Harvard College sent one professor from its large corps of professors and
+instructors.
+
+  GENERAL CHARLES A. WHITTIER
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+_The charter of William and Mary College granted, 1693_
+
+
+February Fifteenth
+
+DETERMINING THE RESPONSIBILITY OF THE NEW BOARDER
+
+"I will illustrate by an incident," said Mrs. Paynter.
+
+"As I say, this young man spends his entire time in his room, where he is,
+I believe, engaged in writing a book."
+
+"Oh, me! Then he's penniless, depend upon it!"
+
+  HENRY SYDNOR HARRISON
+    (_Queed_)
+
+_Cyrus Hall McCormick born, 1809_
+
+
+February Sixteenth
+
+A chicken that had done duty at a previous repast was set before the Rev.
+Scervant Jones, the first Baptist preacher of Williamsburg, Virginia, at
+the tavern of a Mr. Howl. Upon which the Reverend gentleman pronounced the
+following blessing:
+
+  "Good Lord of love
+  Look down from above,
+  And bless the 'Owl
+  Who ate this fowl
+  And left these bones
+  For Scervant Jones."
+
+_Fort Donelson surrenders, 1862_
+
+
+February Seventeenth
+
+A NORTHERN VIEW
+
+* * * It was the most monstrous barbarity of the barbarous march. There is
+no reason to think that General Sherman knew anything of the purpose to
+burn the city, which had been freely talked about among the soldiers
+through the afternoon. But there is reason to think that he knew well
+enough who did it, that he never rebuked it, and made no effort to punish
+it.
+
+  WHITELAW REID
+    (_Ohio_)
+
+_Sherman burns Columbia, 1865_
+
+
+February Eighteenth
+
+We have changed the constituent parts, but not the system of our
+government. The Constitution formed by our fathers is that of the
+Confederate States, in their exposition of it; and, in the judicial
+construction it has received, we have a light which reveals its true
+meaning.
+
+  JEFFERSON DAVIS
+    (_Inaugural Address_)
+
+_Jefferson Davis inaugurated, 1861_
+
+_Federal forces enter Charleston, S. C., 1865_
+
+
+February Nineteenth
+
+  Ye marshes, how candid and simple and nothing-withholding and free
+  Ye publish yourselves to the sky and offer yourselves to the sea!
+  Tolerant plains, that suffer the sea and the rains and the sun,
+  Ye spread and span like the catholic man who has mightily won
+  God out of knowledge and good out of infinite pain
+  And sight out of blindness and purity out of a stain.
+                                                    SIDNEY LANIER
+
+
+February Twentieth
+
+After the passage of the Anti-Ku Klux Statute by the State of Tennessee,
+several instances occurred of parties being arrested in Ku Klux disguises;
+but in every case they proved to be either negroes or "radical" Brownlow
+Republicans. This occurred so often that the statute was allowed by the
+party in power to become a dead letter before its repeal. It bore too hard
+on the "loyal" men when enforced.
+
+  J. C. LESTER and D. L. WILSON
+
+As the young German patriots of 1812 organized their struggle for liberty
+under the noses of the garrisons of Napoleon, so these daring men, girt by
+thousands of bayonets, discussed and adopted under the cover of darkness
+the ritual of "The Invisible Empire."
+
+  THOMAS DIXON, JR.
+
+_Governor Brownlow of Tennessee calls out the militia to suppress the Ku
+Klux Klan, 1869_
+
+_Federal troops defeated at Olustee, Fla., 1864_
+
+
+February Twenty-First
+
+The Ku Klux Klan was a great Law and Order League of mounted night
+cavalrymen called into action by the intolerable conditions of a reign of
+terror.... It was the old answer of organized manhood to organized crime
+masquerading under the forms of government.... Women and children had eyes
+and saw not, ears and heard not. Over four hundred thousand disguises for
+men and horses were made by the women of the South, and not one secret
+ever passed their lips!
+
+  THOMAS DIXON, JR.
+
+The View of a "Reconstructionist"
+
+The Ku Klux Order was a daring conception for a conquered people. Only a
+race of warlike instincts and regal pride could have conceived or executed
+it. Men, women, and children must have, and be worthy of, implicit mutual
+trust. They must be trusted with the secrets of life and death without
+reserve and without fear.
+
+  JUDGE ALBION W. TOURGEE
+    (Ohio)
+
+
+February Twenty-Second
+
+First in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen,
+he was second to none in the humble and endearing scenes of private life;
+pious, just, humane, temperate, and sincere; uniform, dignified, and
+commanding, his example was as edifying to all around him, as were the
+effects of that example lasting.
+
+  HENRY LEE
+    (_Father of Robert E. Lee_)
+
+_George Washington born, 1732_
+
+
+February Twenty-Third
+
+Won in the Name of Virginia; Governor Patrick Henry to Colonel George
+Rogers Clark:
+
+"You are to retain the Command of the troops now at the several posts in
+the county of Illinois and on the Wabash, which fall within the limits of
+the County now erected and called Illinois County.... You are also to take
+the Command of five other Companies, raised under the act of Assembly
+which I send herewith, and which if completed, as I hope they will be
+speedily, will have orders to join you without loss of time, and are
+likewise to be under your command.... The honor and interest of the State
+are deeply concerned in this."
+
+_George Rogers Clark appears before Vincennes, 1779_
+
+_Battle of Buena Vista; Col. Jefferson Davis wounded, 1847_
+
+_Mississippi readmitted to the Union, 1870_
+
+
+February Twenty-Fourth
+
+The importance of this brilliant exploit was destined to be far greater
+than even Clark foresaw, for when the treaty of peace was being negotiated
+at Paris in 1782, our allies, France and Spain, were both more than
+willing to sacrifice our interests in order to keep us out of the
+Mississippi Valley, and the western boundary of the United States would
+undoubtedly have been fixed at the Alleghanies instead of the Mississippi,
+but for the fact that this western region was actually occupied by
+Virginians.
+
+  S. C. MITCHELL
+
+The vast Northwest had been thus won by a heroic band of volunteers, led
+by one of the most dauntless warriors that ever risked life for country.
+
+  THOMAS E. WATSON
+
+_George Rogers Clark stipulates to Governor Hamilton the terms of
+surrender of the Northwestern territory, 1779_
+
+
+February Twenty-Fifth
+
+From Inscription on tablet in St. Michael's Church, Charleston, South
+Carolina.
+
+  "As a Statesman
+  he bequeathed to his country the sentiment,
+  'Millions for defence
+  not a cent for tribute.'"
+
+_Charles Cotesworth Pinckney born, 1746_
+
+
+February Twenty-Sixth
+
+IN THE PETERSBURG TRENCHES
+
+Winter poured down its snows and its sleets upon Lee's shelterless men in
+the trenches. Some of them burrowed into the earth. Most of them shivered
+over the feeble fires, kept burning along the lines. Scanty and thin were
+the garments of these heroes. Most of them were clad in mere rags. Gaunt
+famine oppressed them every hour. One quarter of a pound of bacon and a
+little meal was the daily portion assigned to each man by the rules of the
+War Department. But even this allowance failed when the railroads broke
+down and left the bacon and the flour piled up beside the tracks in
+Georgia and the Carolinas. One sixth of this daily ration was the
+allotment for a considerable time, and very often the supply of bacon
+failed entirely....
+
+  HENRY A. WHITE
+
+
+February Twenty-Seventh
+
+  We follow where the Swamp Fox guides,
+    We leave the swamp and cypress-tree,
+  Our spurs are in our coursers' sides,
+    And ready for the strife are we.
+  The Tory camp is now in sight,
+    And there he cowers within his den;
+  He hears our shouts, he dreads the fight,
+    He fears, and flies from Marion's men.
+                                WILLIAM GILMORE SIMMS
+
+_Francis Marion dies, 1795_
+
+_Battle of Moore's Creek Bridge, N. C., 1776_
+
+
+February Twenty-Eighth
+
+The war began, the war went on--this politicians' conspiracy, this
+slaveholders' rebellion, as it was variously called by those who sought
+its source, now in the disappointed ambition of the Southern leaders, now
+in the desperate determination of a slaveholding oligarchy to perpetuate
+their power, and to secure forever their proprietorship in their "human
+chattels." On this theory the mass of the Southern people were but puppets
+in the hands of political wirepullers, or blind followers of hectoring
+"patricians." To those who know the Southern people nothing can be more
+absurd; to those who know their personal independence, to those who know
+the deep interest which they have always taken in politics, the keen
+intelligence with which they have always followed the questions of the
+day.
+
+  BASIL L. GILDERSLEEVE
+
+
+February Twenty-Ninth
+
+THE LAND WHERE WE WERE DREAMING
+
+  Fair were our nation's visions, and as grand
+  As ever floated out of fancy-land;
+    Children were we in simple faith,
+    But god-like children, whom nor death,
+    Nor threat of danger drove from honor's path--
+      In the land where we were dreaming!
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  A figure came among us as we slept--
+  At first he knelt, then slowly rose and wept;
+    Then gathering up a thousand spears,
+    He swept across the fields of Mars,
+    Then bowed farewell, and walked behind the stars,
+      From the land where we were dreaming!
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  As wakes the soldier when the alarum calls--
+  As wakes the mother when her infant falls--
+    As starts the traveler when around
+    His sleepy couch the fire-bells sound--
+    So woke our nation with a single bound--
+      In the land where we were dreaming!
+                                DANIEL BEDINGER LUCAS
+
+
+
+
+March
+
+
+  I hear the bluebird's quaint soliloquy,--
+  A hesitating note upon the breeze,
+  Blown faintly from the tops of distant trees,
+  As though he were not sure that Spring is nigh,
+  But fed his hopes with bursts of melody.
+  I would I had a spirit-harp to seize
+  The bolder tenor of his rhapsodies
+  When apple-blossoms swing against the sky.
+  On every dark or blust'ring wintry day
+  That airy harp the bluebird's lilt should play;
+  And as I held my sighs and paused to hear,
+  The wand'ring message, with its full-fed cheer
+  And ripe contentment, to my life should bring
+  The essence and fruition of the Spring.
+                                DANSKE DANDRIDGE
+
+
+March First
+
+  In the deep heart of every forest tree
+  The blood is all aglee,
+  And there's a look about the leafless bowers
+  As if they dreamed of flowers.
+                                HENRY TIMROD
+
+
+March Second
+
+At a garden party in Washington not long ago a Justice of the Supreme
+Court said in response to some question I put: "It would take the pen of a
+Zola to describe reconstruction in Louisiana. It is so dark a chapter in
+our national history. I do not like to think of it. A Zola might base a
+great novel on that life and death struggle between politicians and races
+in the land of cotton and sugar plantations, the swamps and bayous of the
+mighty Mississippi, where the Carpet-Bag Government had a standing army,
+of blacks, chiefly, and a navy of warships going up and down waterways."
+
+  MYRTA LOCKETT AVARY
+
+_Reconstruction Act put into effect in Louisiana, 1866_
+
+_Texas declares itself independent, 1836_
+
+
+March Third
+
+Women, the most refined, the noblest and best cultured in the land, left
+their homes, took up their residences adjacent to hospitals and became
+Florence Nightingales, daughters of the Red Cross, for all who needed care
+or comfort. It is reproachfully said by alien writers that the Southern
+women are more "unreconstructed rebels" than the men. It is certainly true
+that they did as much as the men in winning the battles, and they are now
+foremost in building monuments and preserving the records of immortal
+deeds.
+
+  J. L. M. CURRY
+
+_First general convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, at
+Nashville, 1895_
+
+
+March Fourth
+
+Stephens' bodily infirmity did not sour his temper. On the contrary, it
+developed his capacity for human sympathy and strengthened his desire to
+help others to reach the happiness he seemed unable to secure for himself.
+After prosperity came to him, his works of philanthropy were constant and
+countless. He was lavish of hospitality and gave to all who asked such
+pity and sympathy as only a tried and travailing spirit could feel.
+
+  LOUIS PENDLETON
+
+_Alexander H. Stephens dies, 1883_
+
+
+March Fifth
+
+  From childhood I have nursed a faith
+    In bluebirds' songs and winds of Spring;
+  They tell me after frost and death
+    There comes a time of blossoming;
+  And after snow and cutting sleet,
+    The cold, stern mood of Nature yields
+  To tender warmth, when bare pink feet
+    Of children press her greening fields.
+                                JAMES MAURICE THOMPSON
+
+
+March Sixth
+
+It is the spirit of the Alamo that moved above the Texas soldiers as they
+charged like demigods through a thousand battlefields, and it is the
+spirit of the Alamo that whispers from their graves held in every State of
+the Union, ennobling their dust, their soil, that was crimson with their
+blood.
+
+  HENRY W. GRADY
+
+_Fall of the Alamo, 1836_
+
+
+March Seventh
+
+The opening of the University of Virginia was an event of prime importance
+for the higher education in the whole country, and really marks a new era.
+In the South this university completely dominated the situation down to
+the war and for some time afterwards, being the model for most that was
+best in the colleges everywhere, setting the standards to which they
+aspired, and being the source of constant stimulus and inspiration.
+
+  CHARLES F. SMITH
+    (_University of Wisconsin_)
+
+_University of Virginia opened, 1825_
+
+
+March Eighth
+
+BROOKE'S "VIRGINIA," THE FIRST OF IRONCLADS; 10 GUNS VERSUS 268
+
+... The _Virginia_, that iron diadem of the South, whose thunders in
+Hampton Roads consumed the _Cumberland_, overcame the _Congress_, put to
+flight the Federal Navy, and achieved a victory, the novelty and grandeur
+of which convulsed the maritime nations of the world.
+
+  CHARLES COLCOCK JONES, JR.
+
+Confederate Tribute to the Commander and Men of the _Cumberland_: "No ship
+was ever better handled, or more bravely fought."
+
+  VIRGINIUS NEWTON, C. S. N.
+
+On Boarding the _Congress_:
+
+Confusion, death, and pitiable suffering reigned supreme; and the horrors
+of war quenched the passion and enmity of months.
+
+  VIRGINIUS NEWTON, C. S. N.
+
+Confederate Tribute to the Commanders of the _Minnesota_, _St. Lawrence_,
+and _Roanoke_, which vessels ran aground in flight from the terrible
+_Virginia_:
+
+I take occasion to say that their character as officers of skill,
+experience, and bravery was well established at the time, and suffered no
+diminution then or thereafter.
+
+  VIRGINIUS NEWTON, C. S. N.
+
+_Battle between the "Virginia" ("Merrimac") and Federal men-of-war, 1862_
+
+
+
+
+March Ninth
+
+BROOKE
+
+The men who manned the _Monitor_ made a grand fight, and her commander
+upheld the best traditions of the American navy; but history must bear
+witness to the fact that, if not overmatched or defeated, she at least
+withdrew to shallow water, where the _Virginia_ could not follow her; and
+later, under the guns of Ft. Monroe, she declined the subsequent battle
+challenges of the refitted _Virginia_.
+
+All honor to Capt. Worden and the _Virginia-inspired_ invention of the
+Swede; but "America's glory for Americans." Let all Americans honor the
+name of JOHN MERCER BROOKE, the inventor and designer of the first armored
+war vessel of the world.--Ed.
+
+_Battle between the "Virginia" and the "Monitor," 1862_
+
+
+March Tenth
+
+AN AFTERTHOUGHT
+
+"Say, Judge, ain't you the same man that told us before the war that we
+could whip the Yankees with pop-guns?"
+
+"Yes," replied the stump-orator, with great presence of mind, "and we
+could, but, confound 'em, they wouldn't fight us that way."
+
+
+March Eleventh
+
+TWO VIEWS OF VIRGINIA
+
+(The latter is taken from a witty parody on the original poem. Presented
+to a Virginia girl, it was indignantly tossed into the wastebasket. Later,
+however, she copied it and sent it around for the amusement of many--_in
+the family_!)
+
+  I.  The days are never quite so long
+        As in Virginia;
+      Nor quite so filled with happy song
+        As in Virginia;
+      And when my time has come to die
+      Just take me back and let me lie
+      Close where the James goes rolling by,
+        Down in Virginia.
+
+  II. Nowhere such storms obscure the sun
+        As in Virginia;
+      Nowhere so slow the railroads run,
+        As in Virginia;
+      And when my time has come to go
+      Just take me there, because, you know,
+      I'll longer live, I'll die so slow,
+        Down in Virginia.
+
+
+March Twelfth
+
+A HUMOROUS VIEW OF "THE HUB"
+
+For the native Bostonian there are three paths to glory. If his name be
+Quincy or Adams, nothing more is expected of him. His blue blood carries
+him through life with glory, and straight to heaven when he dies. Failing
+in the happy accident of birth, the candidate for Beacon Hill honors must
+write a book. This is easy. The man who can breathe Boston air and not
+write a book is either a fool or a phenomenon. One course remains to him
+should he miss fame in these lines. He must be a reformer.
+
+  SHERWOOD BONNER
+    (_In Letters to Dixie_)
+
+
+March Thirteenth
+
+FIRST ENGLISH LITERATURE OF THE NEW WORLD
+
+Your gracious acceptance of the first fruits of my travels ... hath
+actuated both Will and Power to the finishing of this Peece: ... We had
+hoped, ere many years had turned about, to have presented you with a rich
+and wel-peopled Kingdom; from whence now, with my selfe, I onely bring
+this Composure, ... bred in the New-World, of the rudeness whereof it
+cannot but participate; especially having Warres and Tumults to bring it
+to light in stead of the Muses....
+
+  Your Majesties most humble Servant
+  GEORGE SANDYS
+
+    From Dedication of Ovids's _Metamorphoses_, "English by George Sandys"
+    at Henrico College, Virginia, 1621-1625. "Imprinted at London, 1626."
+
+_George Sandys born at Bishopsthorpe, England, 1577_
+
+
+March Fourteenth
+
+  Content to miss the prize of fame,
+  If he some true heart's praise can claim,
+  He lives in his own world of rhyme,
+    The great world's ways forsaking;
+  Cares not Parnassian heights to climb,
+    But valley bypaths taking,
+  Where even the daises in the sod,
+  Like stars, show him the living God.
+                                CHARLES W. HUBNER
+                                  (_The Minor Poet_)
+
+_Thomas Hart Benton born, 1782_
+
+
+March Fifteenth
+
+Abhorrence of debt, public and private; dislike of banks, and love of hard
+money--love of justice and love of country, were ruling passions with
+Jackson; and of these he gave constant evidence in all the situations of
+his life.
+
+  THOMAS HART BENTON
+
+_Andrew Jackson born, 1767_
+
+_Battle of Guilford Courthouse, 1871_
+
+_Through Mr. Justice Campbell of the Supreme Court, Secretary Seward
+promises the Confederate Commissioners that Fort Sumter would be speedily
+evacuated, 1861_
+
+
+March Sixteenth
+
+The great mind of Madison was one of the first to entertain distinctly the
+noble conception of two kinds of government, operating at one and the same
+time, upon the same individuals, harmonious with each other, but each
+supreme in its own sphere. Such is the fundamental conception of our
+partly Federal, partly National Government, which appears throughout the
+Virginia plan, as well as in the Constitution which grew out of it.
+
+  JOHN FISKE
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+_James Madison born, 1751_
+
+
+March Seventeenth
+
+"THE GALLANT PELHAM"--ROBERT E. LEE
+
+  Just as the Spring came laughing through the strife,
+    With all its gorgeous cheer;
+  In the bright April of historic life,
+    Fell the great cannoneer....
+
+  We gazed and gazed upon that beauteous face,
+    While round the lips and eyes,
+  Couched in their marble slumber, flashed the grace
+    Of a divine surprise.
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+_Lieutenant-Colonel John Pelham killed at Kelly's Ford, Va., 1863_
+
+_Roger Brooke Taney born, 1777_
+
+
+March Eighteenth
+
+John C. Calhoun, an honest man, the noblest work of God.
+
+  ANDREW JACKSON
+
+He had the basis, the indispensable basis, of all high character, and that
+was unspotted integrity--unimpeached honor and character. If he had
+aspirations, they were high and honorable and noble. There was nothing
+grovelling or low, or meanly selfish that came near the head or the heart
+of Mr. Calhoun.
+
+  DANIEL WEBSTER
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+_John Caldwell Calhoun born, 1782_
+
+
+March Nineteenth
+
+  Into the woods my Master went,
+  Clean forspent, forspent.
+  Into the woods my Master came,
+  Forspent with love and shame.
+  But the olives they were not blind to Him,
+  The little gray leaves were kind to Him:
+  The thorn-tree had a mind to Him
+  When into the woods He came.
+                                SIDNEY LANIER
+                                  (_A Ballad of Trees and the Master_)
+
+
+March Twentieth
+
+  Out of the woods my Master went,
+  And He was well content.
+  Out of the woods my Master came,
+  Content with death and shame.
+  When Death and Shame would woo Him last,
+  From under the trees they drew Him last:
+  'Twas on a tree they slew Him--last,
+  When out of the woods He came.
+                                SIDNEY LANIER
+                                  (_A Ballad of Trees and the Master_)
+
+
+March Twenty-First
+
+Those who dominated were intelligent, masterful, patriotic, loving home,
+kindred, state and country, dispensing a prodigal hospitality, limited
+only by the respectability and behavior of guests. Among girls,
+refinement, culture, modesty, purity and a becoming behavior were the
+characteristic traits; among boys, courtesy, courage, chivalry, respect to
+age, devotion to the weaker sex, scorning meanness, regarding dishonor and
+cowardice as ineffaceable stains.
+
+  J. L. M. CURRY
+    (_The Old South_)
+
+_General Joseph E. Johnston dies, 1891_
+
+
+March Twenty-Second
+
+Father Tabb's discernment was clear and touched by the purest fragrance of
+the muses. To Shelley, Coleridge, and Keats he was devoted. Poe he
+regarded as without a peer in modern literature, and was his
+uncompromising, inflexible champion.
+
+  HENRY E. SHEPHERD
+
+_John Banister Tabb born, 1845_
+
+
+March Twenty-Third
+
+  Come, Texas! send forth your brave Rangers,
+    The heroes of battles untold--
+  Accustomed to trials and dangers,
+    Come stand by your rights as of old;
+  The deeds of your chivalrous daring
+    Are writ on the Alamo's wall,
+  A record which ruin is sparing--
+    Come forth to your country's loud call!
+                                V. E. W. VERNON
+
+_Texas ratifies the Confederate Constitution, 1861_
+
+
+March Twenty-Fourth
+
+Adams, Giddings, and other Congressmen issued a public address, in March,
+1843, declaring that the annexation of Texas would be "so injurious to the
+interests of the Northern States as not only inevitably to result in a
+dissolution of the Union, but fully to justify it."
+
+  HENRY A. WHITE
+
+
+March Twenty-Fifth
+
+Nor had Calvert planted English institutions in Maryland simply as he
+found them. He went back to a better time for freedom of action, and
+looked forward to a better time for freedom of thought. While as yet there
+was no spot in Christendom where religious belief was free, and when even
+the Commons of England had openly declared against toleration, he founded
+a community wherein no man was to be molested for his faith.
+
+  WILLIAM HAND BROWNE
+
+_Landing of the Maryland colonists, St. Clement's Island, 1634_
+
+
+March Twenty-Sixth
+
+  Dear God! what segment of the earth
+  Can match the region of our birth!
+  Though ice-beleaguered, rill on rill,
+  Though scorched to deserts, hill on hill--
+  It is our native country still.
+  Our native country, what a sound
+  To make heart, brain, and blood rebound!
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+
+March Twenty-Seventh
+
+Jamestown and St. Mary's are both within the segment of a circle of
+comparatively small radius whose center is at the mouth of the Chesapeake.
+In this strategic region, the Jamestown experiment succeeded, after
+Raleigh's head had fallen on the block; the Revolution was fired by the
+eloquence of Patrick Henry, and was consummated at Yorktown; the War of
+1812 was settled by the victories of North Point and McHenry; the crisis
+of the Civil War occurred; and seven Presidents of the United States were
+born.
+
+  ALLEN S. WILL
+
+_Calvert's Colony lands at St. Mary's, 1634_
+
+
+March Twenty-Eighth
+
+  Nor less resplendent is the light
+    Of him, old South Carolina's star,
+  Whose fiery soul was made by God
+    To blaze amid the storms of war....
+                                ORION T. DOZIER
+
+_Wade Hampton born, 1818_
+
+
+March Twenty-Ninth
+
+A great event of this [Tyler's] administration was the Ashburton Treaty.
+This settled our northeast boundary for 200 miles and warded off the long
+impending war with England. In most histories the whole credit for this
+treaty is given to Daniel Webster. Of course this great man should not be
+robbed of any of his well-earned laurels; but the President is entitled to
+a share of the honor. Webster himself said: "It proceeded from step to
+step under the President's own immediate eye and correction." Moreover, it
+may be added that at one stage in the proceedings Lord Ashburton was about
+to give up and return to England; but President Tyler by his courtesy and
+suavity, conciliated him and induced him to go on with the negotiation.
+
+  J. LESSLIE HALL
+
+_John Tyler born, 1790_
+
+
+March Thirtieth
+
+In discussing the Kansas-Nebraska Bill, Senator Hale warned Senator Toombs
+that the North would fight. The Georgian answered: "I believe nobody ever
+doubted that any portion of the United States would fight on a proper
+occasion.... There are courageous and honest men enough in both sections
+to fight. There is no question of courage involved. The people of both
+sections of the Union have illustrated their courage on too many
+battlefields to be questioned. They have shown their fighting qualities
+shoulder to shoulder whenever their country has called upon them; but that
+they may never come in contact with each other in a fratricidal war should
+be the ardent wish and earnest desire of every true man and honest
+patriot."
+
+  PLEASANT A. STOVALL
+
+_Texas readmitted to the Union, 1870_
+
+
+March Thirty-First
+
+CALHOUN'S NATIONALISM
+
+At the peace of 1815 the Government was $120,000,000 in debt; its revenues
+were small; its credit not great, and the effort to raise money by direct
+taxation brought it in conflict with the States.... Mr. Calhoun came
+forward and devised a tariff, which not only gave large revenues to the
+Government, but gave great protection to manufacturers. Mr. Calhoun
+received unmeasured abuse for his pains from the North, where the
+interests were then navigation, and Daniel Webster was the great apostle
+of free trade.... Under Mr. Calhoun's tariff the New England manufacturers
+prospered rapidly.... Success stimulated cupidity, and the "black tariff"
+of 1828 marked the growth of abuse.... It was then that Mr. Calhoun again
+stepped forth. He stated that the South had cheerfully paid the enormous
+burden of duties on imports when Northern manufactures were young and the
+Government weak; the manufacturers had become rich, and the Government
+strong--so strong that State rights were being merged into its
+overshadowing power; he therefore demanded a recognition of State rights,
+and an amelioration of those burdens that the South had so long borne.
+
+  THOMAS PRENTICE KETTELL
+    (New York)
+
+_John C. Calhoun dies, 1850_
+
+
+
+
+April
+
+
+  The birds that sing in the leafy Spring,
+  With the light of love on each glancing wing,
+    Have lessons to last you the whole year through;
+  For what is "Coo! coo! te weet tu whu!"
+  But, properly rendered, "The wit to woo!"
+  A wit that brings worship and wisdom too!
+    Coo! coo! te weet tu whu--
+    The wit to woo--te weet tu whu!
+
+  The verb "to love," in the tongue of the dove,
+  Heard noon and night in the cedar grove,
+    Is very soon taught where the heart is true:
+  For the wit to woo, and the wisdom too,
+  Lie in the one sweet syllable, "Coo!"
+  But echo me well, and you learn to woo--
+    Coo! coo! te weet tu whu--
+    The wit to woo--te weet tu whu!
+                                WILLIAM GILMORE SIMMS
+
+
+April First
+
+  Hidden no longer
+    In moss-covered ledges,
+  Starring the wayside,
+    Under the hedges,
+  Violet, Pimpernel,
+    Flashing with dew,
+  Daisy and Asphodel
+    Blossom anew.
+
+  Down in the bosky dells
+    Everywhere,
+  Faintly their fairy bells
+    Chime in the air.
+  Thanks to the sunshine!
+    Thanks to the showers!
+  They come again, bloom again,
+    Beautiful flowers!
+                            THEOPHILUS HUNTER HILL
+                              (_Author of the first book published under
+                                 copyright of the Confederate Government_)
+
+_Battle of Five Forks, Virginia, 1865_
+
+
+April Second
+
+At the critical moment A. P. Hill was always strongest. No wonder that
+both Lee and Jackson, when in the delirium of their last moments on earth,
+stood again to battle, and saw the fiery form of A. P. Hill leading his
+columns on.
+
+  HENRY KYD DOUGLAS
+
+_A. P. Hill killed in front of Petersburg, 1865_
+
+_Albert Pike dies, 1891_
+
+
+April Third
+
+THE SOUTHERN MAGNOLIA
+
+  French blood stained with glory the Lilies,
+    While centuries marched to their grave;
+  And over bold Scot and gay Irish
+    The Thistle and Shamrock yet wave:
+  Ours, ours be the noble Magnolia,
+    That only on Southern soil grows,
+  The Symbol of life everlasting:--
+    Dear to us as to England the Rose.
+                                ALBERT PIKE
+                                  ("_Born in Boston; but an adopted and
+                                    devoted son of Dixie_")
+
+
+April Fourth
+
+  We are His witnesses; out of the dim
+  Dark region of Death we have risen with Him.
+  Back from our sepulchre rolleth the stone,
+  And Spring, the bright Angel, sits smiling thereon.
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+                                  ("_Easter Flowers_")
+
+
+April Fifth
+
+  We are His witnesses. See, where He lay
+  The snow that late bound us is folded away;
+  And April, fair Magdalen, weeping anon,
+  Stands flooded with light of the new-risen Sun!
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+                                  ("_Easter Flowers_")
+
+
+April Sixth
+
+His character was lofty and pure, his presence and demeanor dignified and
+courteous, with the simplicity of a child; and he at once inspired the
+respect and gained the confidence of cultivated gentlemen and rugged
+frontiersmen.
+
+  GENERAL RICHARD TAYLOR
+
+_Albert Sidney Johnston killed at Shiloh, 1862_
+
+
+April Seventh
+
+History tears down statues and monuments to attributes and deeds, unless
+those attributes have been devoted to some noble end, and those deeds done
+in a righteous cause.
+
+  COL. CHARLES MARSHALL
+
+
+April Eighth
+
+"GLORY STANDS BESIDE OUR GRIEF"
+
+  Because they fought in perfect faith, believing
+    The cause they fought for was the just, the true;
+  And had small hope of glittering gain receiving,
+    While following, with standard high in view,
+  Where led their single-hearted, dauntless chief:
+  Therefore doth Glory stand beside our grief!
+                                VICTORIA ELIZABETH GITTINGS
+
+_Louisiana admitted to the Union, 1812_
+
+_Telegram from Secretary Seward confirming promise (March 15) as to
+Sumter, 1861_
+
+
+April Ninth
+
+  An angel's heart, an angel's mouth,
+    Not Homer's, could alone for me
+  Hymn forth the great Confederate South,
+    Virginia first, then Lee.
+
+  Oh, realm of tears! But let her bear
+    This blazon to the end of time:
+  No nation rose so white and fair,
+    None fell so pure of crime.
+                                P. S. WORSLEY
+                                  (England)
+
+[From lines written on the fly-leaf of a translation of the Iliad,
+presented to General Lee by the Oxford scholar in 1866]
+
+_Surrender of Lee at Appomattox, 1865_
+
+
+April Tenth
+
+  Furl that Banner, for 'tis weary;
+  Round its staff 'tis drooping dreary;
+    Furl it, fold it, it is best;
+  For there's not a man to wave it,
+  And there's not a sword to save it,
+  And there's not one left to lave it
+  In the blood which heroes gave it;
+  And its foes now scorn and brave it;
+    Furl it, hide it, let it rest!
+
+  Furl that Banner! True, 'tis gory,
+  Yet 'tis wreathed around with glory,
+  And 'twill live in song and story,
+    Though its folds are in the dust:
+  For its fame on brightest pages,
+  Penned by poets and by sages,
+  Shall go sounding down the ages,--
+    Furl its folds though now we must.
+                                ABRAHAM J. RYAN
+                                  (_The Conquered Banner_)
+
+_Lee issues farewell address to his army, 1865_
+
+_Leonidas Polk born, 1806_
+
+
+April Eleventh
+
+Man is so constituted--the immutable laws of our being are such--that to
+stifle the sentiment and extinguish the hallowed memories of a people is
+to destroy their manhood.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+We had, I was satisfied, sacred principles to maintain and rights to
+defend for which we were in duty bound to do our best, even if we perished
+in the endeavor.
+
+  GENERAL ROBERT E. LEE
+
+We must forevermore consecrate in our hearts our old battle flag of the
+Southern Cross--not now as a political symbol, but as the consecrated
+emblem of an heroic epoch. The people that forgets its heroic dead is
+already dying at the heart, and we believe we shall be truer and better
+citizens of the United States if we are true to our past.
+
+  RANDOLPH H. MCKIM
+
+
+April Twelfth
+
+From this time a clear-cut issue was formulated and presented to the
+States and the people. The "firing upon the flag of the nation" was made
+the immediate pretext for aggressive measures against the Lower South. _As
+so heralded_, it served to inflame the hearts of thousands who, it seems,
+had not noticed or who had forgotten, as it is forgotten to-day, that this
+was not the first firing upon the Stars and Stripes. The flag had been
+fired upon from the coast of South Carolina as early as January 9, 1861,
+for the same reason as that which provoked attack upon it on April 12.
+
+[From introduction to "The Battle of Baltimore," _The Sun_, April 9,
+1911.]
+
+_Fort Sumter fired on by Beauregard, 1861_
+
+_North Carolina instructs her delegates to the Continental Congress to
+declare for independence, 1776_
+
+_Henry Clay born, 1777_
+
+
+April Thirteenth
+
+The history of the world presents no parallel to the manner in which he
+wrote himself upon his own age, and subsequent ages, with his pen. He was
+no teacher like Plato; he was not a professional litterateur like
+Voltaire; he was not a mere maker of books like Carlyle; and yet he put
+his stamp indelibly upon the minds and hearts of English-speaking people
+during his own day and for all time to come.
+
+  THOMAS E. WATSON
+
+_Thomas Jefferson born, 1743_
+
+
+April Fourteenth
+
+The fact is, the boys around here want watching, or they'll take
+something. A few days ago I heard they surrounded two of our best citizens
+because they were named Fort and Sumter. Most of them are so hot that they
+fairly siz when you pour water on them, and that's the way they make up
+their military companies here now--when a man applies to join the
+volunteers they sprinkle him, and if he sizzes they take him, and if he
+don't they don't!
+
+  MAJOR CHARLES H. SMITH
+    (_Bill Arp_)
+
+
+April Fifteenth
+
+There was but one exception to the general grief too remarkable to be
+passed over in silence. Among the extreme Radicals in Congress, Mr.
+Lincoln's determined clemency and liberality towards the Southern people
+had made an impression so unfavorable that, though they were shocked at
+his murder, they did not, among themselves, conceal gratification that he
+was no longer in their way.
+
+  NICHOLAY AND HAY
+    (_Life of Lincoln_)
+
+FORESHADOWING RECONSTRUCTION
+
+The Union League of America was organized in Cleveland, Ohio, during the
+war by friends of Thaddeus Stevens, the Radical leader of Congress. Its
+prime object was the confiscation of the property of the South. The chief
+obstacle to this program was Abraham Lincoln. Hence the first work of the
+League was to form a conspiracy against Lincoln and prevent his
+renomination for a second term.
+
+  E. W. R. EWING
+
+_Abraham Lincoln dies, 1865_
+
+_Federal Government issues a call for 75,000 volunteers, 1861_
+
+
+April Sixteenth
+
+I have only to say that the militia will not be furnished to the powers at
+Washington for any such use or purpose as they have in view. Your object
+is to subjugate the Southern States, and a requisition made upon me for
+such an object--an object, in my judgment, not within the purview of the
+constitution or the act of 1795--will not be complied with. You have
+chosen to inaugurate civil war, and having done so, we will meet it in a
+spirit as determined as the administration has exhibited towards the
+South.
+
+  GOVERNOR LETCHER
+    (_Virginia_)
+
+
+April Seventeenth
+
+The scene [in the Virginia State Convention] is described as both solemn
+and affecting. One delegate, while speaking against the ordinance, broke
+down in incoherent sobs; another, who voted for it, wept like a child. The
+sentiment of the people had run ahead of their leaders.
+
+  S. C. MITCHELL
+
+It may be safely asserted that but for the adoption by the Federal
+Government of the policy of coercion towards the Cotton States, Virginia
+would not have seceded.... She simply in the hour of danger and sacrifice
+held faithful to the principles which she had ofttimes declared and which
+have ever found sturdy defenders in every part of the Republic.
+
+  BEVERLEY B. MUNFORD
+
+_Virginia secedes, 1861_
+
+
+April Eighteenth
+
+Tennessee will not furnish a single man for coercion, but 50,000 if
+necessary for the defense of our rights or those of our Southern brothers.
+
+  GOVERNOR HARRIS
+    (Tennessee)
+
+I say emphatically that Kentucky will furnish no troops for the wicked
+purpose of subduing her sister States.
+
+  GOVERNOR MAGOFFIN
+    (Kentucky)
+
+
+April Nineteenth
+
+  Hark to an exiled son's appeal,
+        Maryland!
+  My mother State! to thee I kneel,
+        Maryland!
+  For life and death, for woe and weal,
+  Thy peerless chivalry reveal,
+  And gird thy beauteous limbs with steel,
+        Maryland! My Maryland!
+
+  Thou wilt not cower in the dust,
+        Maryland!
+  Thy beaming sword shall never rust,
+        Maryland!
+  Remember Carroll's sacred trust,
+  Remember Howard's warlike thrust,--
+  And all thy slumberers with the just,
+        Maryland! My Maryland!
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+_Citizens of Baltimore, objecting to coercion of the seceded States,
+oppose the passing of the Sixth Massachusetts, their action resulting in
+the first bloodshed of the War, 1861_
+
+
+April Twentieth
+
+The tempting prize offered Lee in the shape of supreme command of the Army
+of the Union did not swerve him from his integrity for an instant. It was
+currently reported at the time that Gen. Winfield Scott implored him, "For
+God's sake, don't resign!" Every argument that power, luxury, limitless
+resources, and the untrammeled control of the situation could devise was
+brought to bear upon him.
+
+  HENRY E. SHEPHERD
+
+_Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army, 1861_
+
+
+April Twenty-First
+
+From the date of its settlement, Maryland became the Land of
+Sanctuary--the only spot in the known world where the persecuted of all
+lands were at liberty to worship God according to the dictates of their
+own hearts. Freedom of conscience was offered by Lord Baltimore to the
+oppressed of the Old World, thus carrying into effect the original motive
+of Sir George Calvert's colonization scheme when seeking a charter from
+King Charles I.
+
+  HESTER DORSEY RICHARDSON
+
+_Passage of the "Act Concerning Religion" by the Maryland Assembly, 1649,
+endorsing the principles of religious toleration promulgated by Cecilius
+Calvert in 1634_
+
+_Independence of Texas established at San Jacinto, 1836_
+
+
+April Twenty-Second
+
+  The dusk of the South is tender
+    As the touch of a soft, soft hand;
+  It comes between splendor and splendor,
+  The sweetest of service to render,
+    And gathers the cares of the land.
+
+  Above it the soft sky blushes
+    And pales like an April rose;
+  Within it the South wind hushes,
+  And the Jessamine's heart outgushes,
+    And earth like an emerald glows.
+                                JOHN P. SJOLANDER
+
+_Capture of Plymouth, N. C., by Gen. R. D. Hoke, 1864_
+
+
+April Twenty-Third
+
+  In seeds of laurel in the earth
+    The blossom of your fame is blown;
+  And somewhere, waiting for its birth,
+    The shaft is in the stone!
+                                HENRY TIMROD
+
+_Randall writes "My Maryland" at Pointe Coupee, La., 1861_
+
+_Father Ryan dies, 1886_
+
+
+April Twenty-Fourth
+
+Apropos of this last, let me confess, Mr. President--before the praise of
+New England has died on my lips--that I believe the best product of her
+present life is the procession of 17,000 Vermont Democrats that for
+twenty-two years, undiminished by death, unrecruited by birth or
+conversion, have marched over their rugged hills, cast their Democratic
+ballots, and gone back home to pray for their unregenerate neighbors, and
+awoke to read the record of 26,000 Republican majority! May the God of the
+helpless and heroic help them!
+
+  HENRY W. GRADY
+
+_Henry W. Grady born, 1851_
+
+
+April Twenty-Fifth
+
+  Her lot may be hard, her skies may darken;
+  To Dixie's voice we'll ever hearken;
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+  The coward may shirk, the wretch go whining,
+  But we'll be true till the sun stops shining,
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+
+  Chorus:
+
+  I wish I was in Dixie;
+      Away, away;
+  In Dixie's land I'll take my stand,
+  And live and die in Dixie.
+      Away, away,
+  Away down South in Dixie.
+                                MARIE LOUISE EVE
+
+
+April Twenty-Sixth
+
+Homes without the means of support were no longer homes. With barns and
+mills and implements for tilling the soil all gone, with cattle, sheep,
+and every animal that furnished food to the helpless inmates carried off,
+they were dismal abodes of hunger, of hopelessness, and of almost
+measureless woe.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_Joseph E. Johnston surrenders at Greensboro, N. C., 1865_
+
+
+April Twenty-Seventh
+
+  The twilight hours, like birds, flew by,
+    As lightly and as free;
+  Ten thousand stars were in the sky,
+    Ten thousand in the sea;
+  For every wave, with dimpled face,
+    That leaped into the air,
+  Had caught a star in its embrace
+    And held it trembling there.
+                                AMELIA B. WELBY
+
+
+April Twenty-Eighth
+
+Too much roseate nonsense has been indulged about life on the plantation
+or in the city in the ante-bellum days. Neither the planter nor the factor
+nor the lawyer led a life of idle ease and pleasure; they were workers,
+whose energy built up the State; they lived often rather in rude profusion
+than in luxury.
+
+  PIERCE BUTLER
+
+_James Monroe born, 1758_
+
+
+April Twenty-Ninth
+
+Error of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left free to combat it.
+
+  THOMAS JEFFERSON
+
+
+April Thirtieth
+
+To Jefferson's initiative and farsightedness we owe it that we secured
+without bloodshed, for a trifling sum of money, a territory which doubled
+our republic, assured its expansion to the Gulf of Mexico and to the
+Pacific, and thus lifted us, by a stroke of genius, into a world power of
+the first class.
+
+  THOMAS E. WATSON
+
+_Jefferson acquires the Louisiana territory from France, 1803_
+
+_Washington inaugurated first President of the United States, 1789_
+
+
+
+
+May
+
+
+AT ARLINGTON
+
+  The dead had rest; the Dove of Peace
+    Brooded o'er both with equal wings;
+  To both had come that great surcease.
+  The last omnipotent release
+    From all the world's delirious stings.
+  To bugle deaf and signal-gun,
+    They slept, like heroes of old Greece,
+  Beneath the glebe at Arlington.
+
+  And in the Spring's benignant reign,
+    The sweet May woke her harp of pines;
+  Teaching her choir a thrilling strain
+  Of jubilee to land and main.
+    She danced in emerald down the lines;
+  Denying largesse bright to none,
+    She saw no difference in the signs
+  That told who slept at Arlington.
+
+  She gave her grasses and her showers
+    To all alike who dreamed in dust;
+  Her song-birds wove their dainty bowers
+  Amid the jasmine buds and flowers,
+    And piped with an impartial trust--
+  Waifs of the air and liberal sun,
+    Their guileless glees were kind and just
+  To friend and foe at Arlington.
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+
+May First
+
+  The linnet, the lark, and oriel
+  Were chanting the loves they chant so well;
+  It was blue all above, below all green,
+  With the radiant glow of noon between.
+                                JOSEPH SALYARDS
+                                  (_Idothea_; Idyl III)
+
+
+May Second
+
+A strange fatality attended us! Jackson killed in the zenith of his
+successful career; Longstreet wounded when in the act of striking a blow
+that would have rivalled Jackson's at Chancellorsville in its results; and
+in each case the fire was from our own men! A blunder! Call it so; the old
+deacon would say that God willed it thus.
+
+  COL. WALTER H. TAYLOR
+
+_Stonewall Jackson wounded at Chancellorsville, 1863_
+
+_Emma Sanson directs Forrest in pursuit of Streight, 1863_
+
+
+May Third
+
+Chancellorsville, where 130,000 men were defeated by 60,000, is up to a
+certain point as much the tactical masterpiece of the nineteenth century
+as was Leuthen of the eighteenth.
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+General Pender, you must hold your ground, you must hold your ground.
+
+  JACKSON'S Last Command
+
+
+May Fourth
+
+The productions of nature soon became my playmates. I felt that an
+intimacy with them not consisting of friendship merely, but bordering on
+frenzy, must accompany my steps through life.
+
+  JOHN JAMES AUDUBON
+
+_John James Audubon born, 1780_
+
+
+May Fifth
+
+  Lord of Hosts, that beholds us in battle, defending
+    The homes of our sires 'gainst the hosts of the foe,
+  Send us help on the wings of thy angels descending,
+    And shield from his terrors and baffle his blow.
+  Warm the faith of our sons, till they flame as the iron,
+    Red glowing from the fire-forge, kindled by zeal;
+  Make them forward to grapple the hordes that environ,
+    In the storm-rush of battle, through forests of steel!
+                                From the Charleston _Mercury_
+
+_Battle of the Wilderness; Lee, with 60,000 men, attacks Grant with
+140,000, 1864_
+
+
+May Sixth
+
+It depends on the State itself, to retain or abolish the principle of
+representation, because it depends on itself whether it will continue a
+member of the Union. To deny this right would be inconsistent with the
+principle on which all our political systems are founded, which is, that
+the people have, in all cases, a right to determine how they will be
+governed.
+
+    (Rawle's text-book on the Constitution, taught at West Point before
+    the War between the States)
+
+JUDAH P. BENJAMIN, AMERICAN DISRAELI
+
+Who is the man, save this one, of whom it can be said that he held
+conspicuous leadership at the bar of two countries?
+
+  SIR HENRY JAMES
+    (England)
+
+_Tennessee and Arkansas secede, 1861_
+
+_Judah P. Benjamin, Confederate Secretary of State, dies, 1884_
+
+
+May Seventh
+
+The slaves who ran away from their masters were set to work at once by
+General Butler and made to keep at it, much to their annoyance. One of
+these, having been put to it rather strong, said: "Golly, Massa Butler,
+dis nigger nebber had to work so hard befo'; dis chile gwine secede once
+moah."
+
+  Ohio _Statesman_, 1861
+
+
+May Eighth
+
+Having completed our repairs on May 8th, and while returning to our old
+anchorage, we heard heavy firing, and, going down the harbor, found the
+_Monitor_, with the iron-clads _Galena_, _Naugatuck_, and a number of
+heavy ships, shelling our batteries at Sewell's Point. We stood directly
+for the _Monitor_, but as we approached they all ceased firing and
+retreated below the forts.
+
+  COL. JOHN TAYLOR WOOD
+
+_The "Virginia" again challenges the "Monitor" to battle, 1862_
+
+_Battle of Palo Alto, 1846_
+
+
+May Ninth
+
+MOTHERS' DAY
+
+  Because I feel that, in the Heavens above
+    The angels, whispering to one another,
+  Can find, among their burning terms of love,
+    None so devotional as that of "Mother."
+                                EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+
+May Tenth
+
+Fearless and strong, self-dependent and ambitious, he had within him the
+making of a Napoleon, and yet his name is without spot or blemish.
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+  ... Ask the world--
+    The world has heard his story--
+  If all its annals can unfold
+    A prouder tale of glory?
+  If ever merely human life
+    Hath taught diviner moral--
+  If ever round a worthier brow
+    Was twined a purer laurel?
+                                MARGARET J. PRESTON
+
+_Stonewall Jackson dies, 1863_
+
+
+May Eleventh
+
+  The Spanish legend tells us of the Cid,
+    That after death he rode erect, sedately
+  Along his lines, even as in life he did,
+    In presence yet more stately.
+
+  And thus our Stuart at this moment seems
+    To ride out of our dark and troubled story
+  Into the region of romance and dreams,
+    A realm of light and glory.
+                                JOHN R. THOMPSON
+
+_J. E. B. Stuart mortally wounded at Yellow Tavern, 1864_
+
+
+May Twelfth
+
+General Lee, you shall not lead my men in a charge!
+
+  GORDON
+
+General Lee to the rear!--_His Soldiers._
+
+I do wish somebody would tell me where my place is on the field of battle!
+Wherever I go to look after the fight, I am told, "This is no place for
+you; you must go away."
+
+  ROBERT E. LEE
+
+_Lee, with 50,000 men, repulses Grant with 100,000, at Spottsylvania Court
+House; Lee "ordered" to the rear, 1864_
+
+
+May Thirteenth
+
+  Good is the Saxon speech! clear, short, and strong,
+  Its clean-cut words, fit both for prayer and song;
+  Good is this tongue for all the needs of life;
+  Good for sweet words with friend, or child, or wife.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  'Tis good for laws; for vows of youth and maid;
+  Good for the preacher; or shrewd folk in trade;
+  Good for sea-calls when loud the rush of spray;
+  Good for war-cries where men meet hilt to hilt,
+  And man's best blood like new-trod wine is spilt,--
+  Good for all times, and good for what thou wilt!
+                                          JAMES BARRON HOPE
+
+_Landing at Jamestown, 1607_
+
+_Texas troops, C. S. A., defeat Federals in last battle of the War, at
+Palmito Ranch, 1865, the victors learning from their prisoners that the
+Confederacy had fallen (Chas. Wm. Ramsdell)_
+
+
+May Fourteenth
+
+[This exploration] was undertaken at the instance of President Jefferson,
+and together with the voyage which Captain Gray of Boston had made to the
+Columbia, in 1792, gave the United States a claim to all the territory
+covered by the States of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho.
+
+  PHILIP ALEXANDER BRUCE
+
+_Lewis and Clark start from St. Louis on northwestern expedition, 1804_
+
+
+May Fifteenth
+
+Throughout the events that led up to the Revolution, it seemed ordained
+that Massachusetts was to suffer and Virginia to sympathize. Until the
+outbreak of actual hostilities scarcely anything of moment occurred on the
+soil of Virginia to incite her sons to champion the cause of freedom.
+Indeed, from the beginning of the controversy between the colonies and the
+mother country, the British Ministry seemed to have avoided any special
+cause of irritation to the people of the Old Dominion. The part,
+therefore, which Virginia took in the events of those days must be
+attributed to her devotion to the principles of liberty, to her interest
+in the common cause of the colonies, and particularly to her sympathy with
+Massachusetts in the suffering which that province was called upon to
+endure. If we lose sight of these motives as the springs of Virginia's
+conduct in that struggle, we shall be unable to appreciate either the
+nobility of her spirit or the wisdom and energy which marked her
+initiative.
+
+  S. C. MITCHELL
+
+_Virginia opposes Boston Port Bill, 1774_
+
+
+May Sixteenth
+
+I refuse to make any acknowledgments for what I have done. My blood will
+be as seed sown in good ground, which will produce a hundred fold.
+
+  JAMES PUGH
+
+(_Before execution under Gov. Tryon, North Carolina, 1771_)
+
+_Battle of Alamance Creek, 1771_
+
+
+May Seventeenth
+
+He came into military and political life like some blazing meteor, with
+exceeding brilliance and splendor speeding across the horizon of history.
+His activities in politics and war covered only a brief span of seventeen
+years, 1848 to 1865, and in so short a period but few men ever received
+more, maintained their parts better, were the recipients of greater
+honors, or bore themselves with nobler dignity, greater skill or more
+superb courage either in victory or defeat.
+
+  BENNETT H. YOUNG
+
+_John C. Breckinridge dies, 1875_
+
+
+May Eighteenth
+
+  Hushed is the roll of the rebel drum,
+  The sabres are sheathed and the cannon are dumb;
+  And Fate, with pitiless hand, has furled
+  The flag that once challenged the gaze of the world.
+                                JOHN R. THOMPSON
+                                  (_From "Lee to the Rear"_)
+
+
+May Nineteenth
+
+  But the fame of the Wilderness fight abides,
+  And down into history grandly rides
+  Calm and unmoved as in battle he sat,
+  The gray-bearded man in the black slouch hat.
+                                JOHN R. THOMPSON
+                                  (_From "Lee to the Rear"_)
+
+
+May Twentieth
+
+You can get no troops from North Carolina.
+
+  GOV. ELLIS
+    (_Reply to Washington administration, April 15, 1861_)
+
+_North Carolina secedes from the Union, 1861_
+
+
+May Twenty-First
+
+  The Dixie girls wear homespun cotton,
+  But their winning smiles I've not forgotten;
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+  They've won my heart and naught surpasses
+  My love for the bright-eyed Dixie lasses;
+    Look away, away, away down South in Dixie.
+
+  Chorus:
+
+  I'll give my life for Dixie;
+     Away, away;
+  In Dixie's land I'll take my stand,
+  And live and die for Dixie.
+     Away, away,
+  Away down South in Dixie.
+                                MARIE LOUISE EVE
+
+
+May Twenty-Second
+
+  How brilliant is the morning star;
+    The evening star how tender;
+  The light of both is in her eyes,--
+    Their softness and their splendor;
+  But for the lash that shades their sight,
+  They were too dazzling for the light,
+  And when she shuts them all is night,--
+    The daughter of Mendoza.
+                                MIRABEAU B. LAMAR
+
+
+May Twenty-Third
+
+    Great Chieftain of our choice,
+    Albeit that people's voice
+  No comfort speaks in thy lone granite keep;
+    Through those harsh iron bars
+    There come back from the stars
+  Low echoes of the prayers they nightly weep.
+                                WILLIAM MUNFORD
+
+_Jefferson Davis puts in irons at Fort Monroe, 1865_
+
+
+May Twenty-Fourth
+
+Yet to all Americans it must be a regrettable chapter in our history when
+it is remembered that this man was no common felon, but a prisoner of
+state, a distinguished Indian fighter, a Mexican veteran, a man who had
+held a seat in Congress, who had been Secretary of War of the United
+States, and who for four years had stood at the head of the Confederate
+States.
+
+  MYRTA LOCKETT AVARY
+    (_Davis in chains_)
+
+
+May Twenty-Fifth
+
+A rich and well-stored mind is the only true philosopher's stone,
+extracting pure gold from all the base material around. It can create its
+own beauty, wealth, power, happiness. It has no dreary solitudes. The past
+ages are its possession, and the long line of the illustrious dead are all
+its friends.
+
+  GEORGE DAVIS
+
+
+May Twenty-Sixth
+
+  Cease firing! There are here no foes to fight!
+    Grim war is o'er and smiling peace now reigns;
+  Cease useless strife--no matter who was right--
+    True magnanimity from hate abstains.
+      Cease firing!
+                                MAJOR WILLIAM MEADE PEGRAM
+
+_The last Confederate army, under General Kirby Smith, surrenders at Baton
+Rouge, 1865_
+
+
+May Twenty-Seventh
+
+  Representing nothing on God's earth now,
+    And naught in the water below it,
+  As a pledge of a nation that's dead and gone,
+    Keep it, dear Captain, and show it.
+  Show it to those who will lend an ear
+    To the tale this paper can tell
+  Of liberty born, of the patriot's dream,
+    Of a storm-cradled nation that fell.
+
+  Too poor to possess the precious ores,
+    And too much of a stranger to borrow,
+  We issued to-day our promise to pay,
+    And hoped to repay on the morrow.
+                                MAJOR S. A. JONAS
+                                  (_From "Lines on the back of a
+                                    Confederate note"_)
+
+
+May Twenty-Eighth
+
+Old time negroes intuitively knew who "belonged" to them and who did not.
+The following incident is told of Senator Sumner's visit to friends at
+Gallatin, Tennessee, some years before the war; the colloquy is between
+the Senator and "Old Virginia Jeff:"
+
+"Jeff, I hear you call all the white folks down here 'Marse'--'Marse
+Henry,' 'Marse John' or what not, isn't that true?"
+
+"Yas, sah."
+
+"And you always call me 'Mister Sumner.' Now, Jeff, here's a quarter.
+During the rest of my visit you call me Marse Charles, you hear?"
+
+  MAJOR JOHN C. WRENSHALL
+
+_P. G. T. Beauregard born, 1818_
+
+
+May Twenty-Ninth
+
+If we wish to be free--if we mean to preserve inviolate those inestimable
+privileges for which we have been so long contending--if we mean not
+basely to abandon the noble struggle in which we have been so long
+engaged, and which we have pledged ourselves never to abandon until the
+glorious object of our contest shall be obtained--we must fight! I repeat
+it, sir, we must fight! An appeal to arms and to the God of Hosts is all
+that is left us!
+
+  PATRICK HENRY
+
+_Patrick Henry born, 1736_
+
+
+May Thirtieth
+
+Those who oppose slavery in Kansas do not base their opposition upon any
+philanthropic principles, or any sympathy for the African race. For, in
+their so-called Constitution, framed at Topeka, they deem that entire race
+so inferior and degraded as to exclude them all forever from Kansas,
+whether they be bond or free.
+
+  ROBERT J. WALKER
+
+_Kansas given territorial rights by Congress, 1854_
+
+
+May Thirty-First
+
+SONG OF THE CHATTAHOOCHEE
+
+    ... All down the hills of Habersham,
+    All through the valleys of Hall,
+  The rushes cried _Abide, abide_,
+  The wilful waterweeds held me thrall,
+  The laving laurel turned my tide,
+  The ferns and the fondling grass said _Stay_.
+  The dewberry dipped for to work delay,
+  And the little reeds sighed _Abide, abide_,
+    _Here in the hills of Habersham_,
+    _Here in the valleys of Hall_.
+                                          SIDNEY LANIER
+
+_British Government declared suspended in North Carolina (Mecklenburg)
+1775_
+
+
+
+
+June
+
+
+THE SLEEPER
+
+  At midnight, in the month of June,
+  I stand beneath the mystic moon.
+  An opiate vapor, dewy, dim,
+  Exhales from out her golden rim,
+  And, softly dripping, drop by drop,
+  Upon the quiet mountain top,
+  Steals drowsily and musically
+  Into the universal valley.
+  The rosemary nods upon the grave;
+  The lily lolls upon the wave;
+  Wrapping the fog above its breast,
+  The ruin moulders into rest;
+  Looking like Lethe, see! the lake
+  A conscious slumber seems to take,
+  And would not, for the world, awake.
+                                EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+
+June First
+
+                              ... The year,
+  And all the gentle daughters in her train,
+  March in our ranks, and in our service wield
+  Long spears of golden grain!
+  A yellow blossom as her fairy shield,
+  June flings her azure banner to the wind,
+  While in the order of their birth
+  Her sisters pass, and many an ample field
+  Grows white beneath their steps, till now, behold,
+  Its endless sheets unfold
+  The snow of Southern summers!
+                                HENRY TIMROD
+                                  (_Ethnogenesis_)
+
+_Kentucky admitted to the Union, 1792_
+
+_Tennessee admitted to the Union, 1796_
+
+_John H. Morgan born, 1825_
+
+
+June Second
+
+In regard to African Slavery, which has played so important a part in our
+political history, Randolph was an Emancipationist, as distinguished from
+an Abolitionist. This distinction was a very broad one; as broad as that
+between Algernon Sidney and Jack Cade; or between Charlemagne and Peter
+the Hermit--in fact, it was the difference between Reason and Fanaticism.
+On this subject Randolph and Clay concurred; both were Emancipationists,
+and both denounced the Abolitionists; as did also Webster, and all the
+best, wisest, and purest men of that day.
+
+  JUDGE DANIEL BEDINGER LUCAS
+
+_John Randolph born, 1773_
+
+
+June Third
+
+Other leaders have had their triumphs. Conquerors have won crowns, and
+honors have been piled on the victors of earth's great battles, but never,
+sir, came man to more loving people.
+
+  HENRY W. GRADY
+
+_Jefferson Davis born in Kentucky, 1808_
+
+
+June Fourth
+
+In the hallowed stillness of your bridal eve, ere the guests have all
+assembled, lift up to yours the pale face, love's perfect image, and you
+shall see that vision to which God our Father vouchsafes no equal this
+side the jasper throne--you shall see the ineffable eyes of innocence
+entrusting to you, unworthy, oh! so unworthy, her destiny through time and
+eternity. Inhale the perfume of her breath and hair, that puts the violets
+of the wood to shame; press your first kiss (for now she is all your own),
+your first kiss upon the trembling petals of her lips, and you shall hear,
+with ears you knew not that you had, the silver chiming of your wedding
+bells far, far up in heaven.
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+
+
+June Fifth
+
+THE WOMEN OF THE SOUTH
+
+Instead of superficial adornments and supine action, the intellectual
+sympathies and interests of these women were large, and they undertook
+with wise and just guidance, the management of households and farms and
+servants, leaving the men free for war and civil government. These noble
+and resolute women were the mothers of the Gracchi, of the men who built
+up the greatness of the Union and accomplished the unexampled achievements
+of the Confederacy.
+
+  J. L. M. CURRY
+
+
+June Sixth
+
+  To the brave all homage render,
+    Weep ye skies of June!
+  With a radiance pure and tender,
+    Shine, oh saddened moon!
+  Dead upon the field of glory,
+  Hero fit for song and story,
+    Lies our bold dragoon.
+                                JOHN R. THOMPSON
+
+_Turner Ashby killed in Shenandoah Valley Campaign, 1862_
+
+_Patrick Henry dies, 1799_
+
+
+June Seventh
+
+  Peace to the dead! though peace is not
+  In the regal dome or the pauper cot;
+  Peace to the dead! there's peace, we trust,
+  With the pale dreamers in the dust.
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+_Monument created, 1910, to the memory of Confederate officers who
+perished from starvation and exposure at Johnson's Island_
+
+
+June Eighth
+
+  Aurora faints in the fulgent fire
+    Of the Monarch of Morning's bright embrace
+  And the summer day climbs higher and higher
+    Up the cerulean space;
+  The pearl-tints fade from the radiant grain,
+    And the sportive breeze of the ocean dies,
+  And soon in the noontide's soundless rain
+    The fields seem graced by a million eyes;
+  Each grain with a glance from its lidded fold
+  As bright as a gnome's in his mine of gold,
+  While the slumb'rous glamour of beam and heat
+  Glides over and under the windless wheat.
+                                          PAUL HAMILTON HAYNE
+
+_Stonewall Jackson turns upon Fremont at Cross Keys, 1862_
+
+
+June Ninth
+
+  He sleeps--what need to question now
+    If he were wrong or right?
+  He knows ere this whose cause was just
+    In God the Father's sight.
+  He wields no warlike weapons now,
+    Returns no foeman's thrust,--
+  Who but a coward would revile
+    An honest soldier's dust?
+
+  Roll, Shenandoah, proudly roll,
+    Adown thy rocky glen,
+  Above thee lies the grave of one
+    Of Stonewall Jackson's men.
+                                MARY ASHLEY TOWNSEND
+
+_Stonewall Jackson meets Shields at Port Republic, 1862_
+
+
+June Tenth
+
+The indomitable courage, the patient endurance of privations, the supreme
+devotion of the Southern soldiers, will stand on the pages of history, as
+engraven on a monument more enduring than brass.
+
+  MAJ. JAS. F. HUNTINGTON, U. S. A.
+
+_United Confederate Veterans organized at New Orleans, 1889_
+
+_Battle of Bethel, Va., the first regular engagement of the War between
+the States, 1861_
+
+
+June Eleventh
+
+We believed that it was most desirable that the North should win; we
+believed in the principle that the Union is indissoluble; but we equally
+believed that those who stood against us held just as sacred convictions
+that were the opposite of ours, and we respected them, as every man with a
+heart must respect those who gave all for their belief.
+
+  JUSTICE O. W. HOLMES
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+
+June Twelfth
+
+The band preceding the coffin smote on their ears with poignant loud
+lamenting, then carried its sorrow to die moaning on the night. As the
+shadowy cortege filed by--men bearing lanterns on either side the
+hearse--a horse, riderless, with boots empty in the stirrups, following--a
+few soldiers carrying arms reversed--a single carriage with mourners--the
+effect was infinitely sad. So common the spectacle during the Battle
+Summer, it did not occur to them to even wonder which of our martyrs was
+thus journeying to his last home.
+
+  MRS. BURTON HARRISON
+
+
+June Thirteenth
+
+  A little bird there was once, with golden wings;
+  In the stars she would build her nest;
+  And so, with a twig in her beak, at eventide
+  When Hesperus sank to rest,
+  Away to the starry deep she flew;--for said she,
+  "In the Pleiades shall my nesting be!"
+  Ah, little bird! There are heights far, far too high
+  For the reach of those tiny wings!
+  Down here by this thicket of haw let us rest, you and I,
+  And list what the brooklet sings!
+                                          ALLEN KERR BOND
+
+
+June Fourteenth
+
+  A flash from the edge of a hostile trench,
+    A puff of smoke, a roar
+  Whose echo shall roll from the Kenesaw Hills
+    To the farthermost Christian shore,
+  Proclaims to the world that the warrior priest
+    Will battle for right no more.
+                                          HENRY LYNDEN FLASH
+
+_Gen. Leonidas Polk, the Warrior Bishop, killed at Kenesaw Mountain, 1864_
+
+
+
+
+June Fifteenth
+
+  O, Art, high gift of Heaven! how oft defamed
+  When seeming praised! To most a craft that fits,
+  By dead, prescriptive Rule, the scattered bits
+  Of gathered knowledge; even so misnamed
+  By some who would invoke thee.
+                                          WASHINGTON ALLSTON
+
+
+June Sixteenth
+
+  W'en banjer git ter talkin'
+    You better hol' yo' tongue,
+  Hit mek you think youse gre't an' gran'
+    An' rich an' strong an' young,
+  An' ev'rything whar scrumpshus
+    Right at yo' feet is flung.
+
+  Oh, my soul gits up an' humps hisse'f
+    An' goes outside an' walks,
+  W'en a picker gits ter pickin'
+    An' de
+          banjer
+                 talks!
+                                ANNE VIRGINIA CULBERTSON
+
+_Winchester captured by Confederates, 1863_
+
+
+June Seventeenth
+
+GENEROUS TRIBUTE OF A BRAVE FOE AND DISTINGUISHED AMERICAN SOLDIER AND
+CITIZEN
+
+Lee and the Army of Northern Virginia never sustained defeat. Finally
+succumbing to exhaustion, to the end they were not overthrown in fight.
+
+  CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+
+June Eighteenth
+
+  Now, Ham, de only nigger whut wuz runnin' on der packet,
+  Got lonesome in de barber-shop, an' c'u'dn't stan' de racket;
+  An' so, fur to amuse hese'f, he steamed some wood an' bent it,
+  An' soon he had a banjo made--de fust dat wuz invented.
+
+  De 'possum had as fine a tail as dis dat I's a-singin';
+  De ha'r's so long an' thick an' strong,--des fit fur banjo-stringin';
+  Dat nigger shaved 'em off as short as washday-dinner graces;
+  An' sorted ob' em by de size, f'om little E's to basses.
+                                                IRWIN RUSSELL
+                                                  (_Origin of the Banjo on
+                                                    Board the Ark_)
+
+
+June Nineteenth
+
+By Captain Winslow's account, the _Kearsarge_ was struck twenty-eight
+times; but his ship being armored, my shot and shell fell harmless into
+the sea. The _Alabama_ was not mortally wounded until after the
+_Kearsarge_ had been firing at her _an hour and ten minutes_. In the
+meantime, in spite of the armor of the _Kearsarge_, I lodged a rifled
+percussion shell near her stern post--_where there were no chains_--which
+failed to explode because of the defect of the cap. On so slight an
+incident--the defect of a percussion-cap--did the battle hinge.
+
+  RAPHAEL SEMMES
+
+_The "Alabama" sunk by the "Kearsarge" off Cherbourg, 1864_
+
+
+June Twentieth
+
+Jamestown and St. Mary's are both within the segment of a circle of
+comparatively small radius whose centre is at the mouth of the Chesapeake.
+In this strategic region, the key of America, Raleigh chose the base from
+which he would colonize the new empire; here the Jamestown experiment
+succeeded, after Raleigh's head had fallen on the block; the Revolution
+was fired by the eloquence of Patrick Henry, and was consummated at
+Yorktown; the War of 1812 was settled by the victories of North Point and
+Fort McHenry; the crisis of the Civil War occurred; and seven Presidents
+of the United States were born.
+
+  ALLEN S. WILL
+
+_The first Lord Baltimore obtains from the Crown a grant of the territory
+lying between the Potomac and the 40th parallel, 1632_
+
+_Secession of West Virginia from Virginia sustained by the Federal
+Government, 1863_
+
+_"Virginia, who had given to all the States in common five great
+commonwealths of the northwest and the county of Kentucky, was now bereft
+of half of what remained to her"_
+
+
+June Twenty-First
+
+What care I if Cyrus McCormick was born in Rockbridge County? These
+new-fangled "contraptions" are to the old system what the little, dirty,
+black steam-tug is to the three-decker, with its cloud of snowy canvas
+towering to the skies--the grandest and most beautiful sight in the world.
+I wouldn't give Uncle Isham's picked man, "long Billy Carter," leading the
+field, with one good drink of whisky in him--I wouldn't give one swing of
+his cradle and one "ketch" of his straw for all the mowers and reapers in
+creation.
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+
+_Cyrus Hall McCormick of Virginia patents his reaping machine, 1831_
+
+
+June Twenty-Second
+
+  If I could dwell
+  Where Israfel
+  Hath dwelt, and he where I,
+  He might not sing so wildly well
+  A mortal melody,
+  While a bolder note than this might swell
+  From my lyre within the sky.
+                                EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+_Arkansas readmitted to the Union, 1868_
+
+
+June Twenty-Third
+
+THE BROOK
+
+  It is the mountain to the sea
+  That makes a messenger of me:
+  And, lest I loiter on the way
+  And lose what I am sent to say,
+  He sets his reverie to song
+  And bids me sing it all day long.
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+
+
+June Twenty-Fourth
+
+AN AMUSING COMMENTARY ON THE MAKING OF SOME HISTORIES
+
+I have here a small volume entitled, "John Randolph, by Henry Adams." It
+is one of a series called "American Statesmen," and emanates from the thin
+air of Boston. The series is edited by Mr. J. T. Morse, Jr. By what law of
+selection he has been governed in allotting to particular authors the
+preparation of respective biographies it is impossible to divine. It is
+quite clear, however, that he has not followed any rule of qualification
+or congeniality hitherto recognized by men or angels. For example, a
+foreigner, Dr. Von Holtz, who, in an emphatically European and un-American
+treatise on the Federal Constitution, had already denounced Calhoun as a
+kind of Lucifer, is appointed his biographer; Henry Clay, the father of
+Protection (as it is called), is assigned to Carl Schurz, who, I
+understand, is an ardent advocate of Free Trade; while John Randolph is
+turned over to the tender mercies of a descendant of the first
+Vice-President, and the grandson of John Quincy Adams!
+
+Had this unique law of selection prevailed hitherto, we might have had a
+biography of Luther by Leo the Tenth; a life of St. Thomas Aquinas by
+Thomas Payne; while Pontius Pilate, or more likely the devil himself,
+would have been selected to chronicle the divine career of Jesus Christ.
+
+  DANIEL B. LUCAS
+
+_John Randolph dies, 1833_
+
+
+June Twenty-Fifth
+
+  But far away another line is stretching dark and long,
+  Another flag is floating free where armed legions throng;
+  Another war-cry's on the air, as wakes the martial drum,
+  And onward still, in serried ranks, the Southern soldiers come.
+                                                  GEORGE HERBERT SASS
+
+_Beginning of Seven Days' Battle around Richmond, 1862_
+
+
+June Twenty-Sixth
+
+A PROPHECY, 1869
+
+The close of the Civil War found the conquering States so nearly equally
+divided between the Radical and Conservative parties, that if the South
+should be restored to her relative might in the Union, the balance would
+be thrown at once in favor of the Conservatives. The problem therefore
+assumed a mathematical form, and demanded that the South should not
+reinforce the Conservatives of the North. This could be prevented only in
+two ways, _viz._; either by keeping the South out of the Union entirely or
+by placing the political power there in the hands of a minority. To adopt
+one or the other of these expedients was a party necessity. This is the
+whole key to Reconstruction; and fifty years hence no man living will be
+found to deny it.
+
+  JUDGE J. FAIRFAX MCLAUGHLIN
+    (_In the "Southern Metropolis," June 26, 1869_)
+
+
+June Twenty-Seventh
+
+The duties exacted of us by civilization and Christianity are not less
+obligatory in the country of our enemy than in our own.
+
+  ROBERT E. LEE
+
+_Lee issues his famous Chambersburg order, 1863_
+
+_"Winnie" Davis born, 1864_
+
+
+June Twenty-Eighth
+
+COL. WILLIAM MOULTRIE; SERGEANT JASPER; "PALMETTO DAY"
+
+The battle holds a conspicuous place in the history of the Revolution. It
+was our first clear victory over the British, and won over one of
+England's most distinguished naval officers.
+
+  JOHN J. DARGAN
+
+_Defence of Fort Sullivan, (Moultrie,) 1776_
+
+_North Carolina, South Carolina, Florida, Alabama, and Louisiana
+readmitted to the Union, 1868_
+
+
+June Twenty-Ninth
+
+  His trumpet-tones re-echoed like
+    Evangels to the free,
+  Where Chimborazo views the world
+    Mosaic'd in the sea;
+  And his proud form shall stand erect
+    In that triumphal car
+  Which bears to the Valhalla gates
+    Heroic Bolivar!
+                                JAMES RYDER RANDALL
+
+_Henry Clay dies, 1852_
+
+
+June Thirtieth
+
+  Yes, there's a charm about the name of Mary
+    Which haunts me like some old enchanter's spell,
+  Or rather like the voice of some sweet fairy,
+    Singing low love-songs in a lonely dell.
+  It hath a music that can never weary,
+    A strain that seems of love and grief to tell,
+  The echoes of an anthem from the shrine
+  Of peace, and bliss, and rest, and love divine.
+                                          WILLIAM WOODSON HENDREE
+
+_Robert E. Lee marries Mary Page Custis, great-granddaughter of Martha
+Washington, 1831_
+
+
+
+
+July
+
+
+A SUMMER SHOWER
+
+        Meanwhile, unreluctant,
+          Earth like Danae lies;
+        Listen! is it fancy,
+          That beneath us sighs,
+  As that warm lap receives the largesse of the skies?
+
+        Jove, it is, descendeth
+          In those crystal rills;
+        And this world-wide tremor
+          Is a pulse that thrills
+  To a god's life infused through veins of velvet hills.
+
+        Wait, thou jealous sunshine,
+          Break not on their bliss;
+        Earth will blush in roses
+          Many a day for this,
+  And bend a brighter brow beneath thy burning kiss.
+                                                HENRY TIMROD
+
+
+July First
+
+A SOUTHERN SOLDIER'S TRIBUTE
+
+To the Union commander, General George Gordon Meade, history will accord
+the honor of having handled his army at Gettysburg with unquestioned
+ability. The record and the results of the battle entitle him to a high
+place among Union leaders. To him and to his able subordinates and heroic
+men is due the credit of having successfully met and repelled the Army of
+Northern Virginia in the meridian of its hope and confidence and power.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_First day at Gettysburg, 1863_
+
+
+July Second
+
+General Lee distinctly ordered Longstreet to attack early the morning of
+the second day, and if he had done so, two of the largest corps of Meade's
+army would not have been in the fight; but Longstreet delayed the attack
+until four o'clock in the afternoon, and thus lost his opportunity of
+occupying Little Round Top, the key to the position, which he might have
+done in the morning without firing a shot or losing a man.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_Second day at Gettysburg, 1863_
+
+
+July Third
+
+General Lee ordered Longstreet to attack at daybreak on the morning of the
+third day.... He did not attack until two or three o'clock in the
+afternoon, the artillery opening at one.... Nothing that occurred at
+Gettysburg, nor anything that has been written since of that battle, has
+lessened the conviction that, had Lee's orders been promptly and cordially
+executed, Meade's centre on the third day would have been penetrated and
+the Union Army overwhelmingly defeated.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_Third day at Gettysburg, 1863_
+
+_Joel Chandler Harris dies, 1908_
+
+
+July Fourth
+
+General Lee, according to the testimony of Colonel Walter H. Taylor,
+Colonel C. S. Venable, and General A. L. Long, who were present when the
+order was given, ordered Longstreet to make the attack on the last day,
+with the three divisions of his corps, and two divisions of A. P. Hill's
+corps, and that instead of doing so he sent fourteen thousand men to
+assail Meade's army in his strong position, and heavily intrenched.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_Lee awaits the attack of Meade at Gettysburg throughout the fourth day,
+1863_
+
+_Vicksburg surrenders, 1863_
+
+_Thomas Jefferson dies, 1826_
+
+
+July Fifth
+
+  Opinion, let me alone: I am not thine.
+    Prim creed, with categoric point, forbear
+  To feature me my Lord by rule and line.
+    Thou canst not measure Mistress Nature's hair,
+  Not one sweet inch: nay, if thy sight is sharp,
+  Wouldst count the strings upon an angel's harp?
+              Forbear, forbear.
+                                          SIDNEY LANIER
+
+
+July Sixth
+
+  A golden pallor of voluptuous light
+  Filled the warm Southern night;
+  The moon, clear orbed, above the sylvan scene
+  Moved like a stately queen,
+  So rife with conscious beauty all the while,
+  What could she do but smile
+  At her perfect loveliness below,
+  Glassed in the tranquil flow
+  Of crystal fountains
+  And unruffled streams?
+                                PAUL HAMILTON HAYNE
+
+_Paul Hamilton Hayne dies, 1886_
+
+_John Marshall dies, 1835_
+
+
+July Seventh
+
+  Do orioles from verdant Chesapeake,
+        And crested cardinal,
+  With linnets from the Severn, come to seek,
+        Obedient to thy call,
+  If they can give thee one new music-thought,
+  Who ev'ry note from ev'ry land hast caught?
+                                E. G. LEE
+                                  (_The Mocking Bird_)
+
+
+July Eighth
+
+  Sweet bird! that from yon dancing spray
+  Dost warble forth thy varied lay,
+  From early morn to close of day
+    Melodious changes singing,
+  Sure thine must be the magic art
+  That bids my drowsy fancy start,
+  While from the furrows of my heart,
+    Hope's fairy flowers are springing.
+                                CHARLES WILLIAM HUBNER
+                                  (_The Mocking Bird_)
+
+
+July Ninth
+
+And to defenders and besiegers it is alike unjust to say, even though it
+has been said by the highest authority, that Port Hudson surrendered only
+because Vicksburg had fallen. The simple truth is that Port Hudson
+surrendered because its hour had come. The garrison was literally
+starving. With less than 3000 famished men in line, powerful mines beneath
+the salients, and a last assault about to be delivered at 10 places, what
+else was left to do?
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. RICHARD B. IRWIN, U. S. V.
+
+_Fall of Port Hudson, 1863_
+
+_Defeat of Lew Wallace by Early at the Monocacy, Maryland, 1864_
+
+_Alexander Doniphan, "the Xenophon of America," born 1808_
+
+
+July Tenth
+
+MAMMY'S FIRST EXPERIENCE AT THE 'PHONE
+
+  We heard Mammy say "Hello--H'llo!
+  (What meks you rattle de handle so?)
+  Is dat _you_, Miss?--wants Main twenty-free!
+  (I ain't gwine to have you foolin' wid me!)
+  I say, Main twenty----what's ailin' you?
+  '_Bizzy!_' I guess I'se bizzy, too!
+  You gim-me dat number twenty-free,
+  I'se bizzier 'n you ever dared ter be!"
+                                MARY JOHNSON BLACKBURN
+
+
+July Eleventh
+
+The Old World had its Xantippe; but----the facts have not been fully
+established in the New!
+
+  "Under This Marble Tomb Lies The Body
+  Of The HON. JOHN CUSTIS, Esq.,
+  Of The City Of Williamsburg,
+  And Parish of Bruton,
+  Formerly Of Hungar's Parish, On The
+  Eastern Shore
+  Of Virginia, And County Of Northampton,
+  Age 71 Years, And Yet Lived But Seven,
+  Which Was The Space Of Time He Kept
+  A Bachelor's Home At Arlington,
+  On The Eastern Shore Of Virginia."
+
+    "This Inscription put on His Tomb was by His Own Positive Orders."
+
+
+July Twelfth
+
+Jackson's genius for war, Lee's resistless magnetism, were not vouchsafed
+to Hill; but in those characteristics in which he excelled: invincible
+tenacity, absolute unconsciousness of fear, a courage never to submit or
+yield, no one has risen above him, not even in the annals of the Army of
+Northern Virginia. He was the very "Ironsides" of the South--Cromwell in
+some of his essential characteristics coming again in the person and
+genius of D. H. Hill.
+
+  HENRY E. SHEPHERD
+
+_D. H. Hill born, 1821_
+
+
+July Thirteenth
+
+  Though the Grey were outnumbered, he counted no odd,
+  But fought like a demon and struck like a god,
+  Disclaiming defeat on the blood-curdled sod,
+    As he pledged to the South that he loved.
+                                          VIRGINIA FRAZER BOYLE
+
+_N. B. Forrest born, 1821_
+
+
+July Fourteenth
+
+  Pleasant and wonderfully fair,
+    Like one that knows her own domain,
+  Magnolia-flowers in her hair,
+    And orange-blossoms rare,
+  Let her not knock in vain!
+    Lift up your equal heads to her,
+  Of all your courts contain, co-heir,
+    For lo! she claims her own again!
+                                DANIEL B. LUCAS
+                                  (_The South Shall Claim Her Own Again_)
+
+
+July Fifteenth
+
+FACT OR FICTION?
+
+For four years the Northern States fought to keep their Southern sisters
+in the Federal family; then having soundly thrashed these sisters in order
+to keep them at home, they suddenly shut the door and kicked them down the
+steps! The "erring sisters" are now fully restored to the family circle;
+but they had a longer and more painful struggle in the effort to get back
+than in the attempt to get away. More briefly, for four years the Federal
+government, led by Lincoln, maintained that all of the Southern States
+were in the Union and could not get out; and then for five years, under
+the rule of the Radicals, it argued that some of these States were out of
+the Union and could not get in!
+
+  MATTHEW PAGE ANDREWS
+
+_Reconstruction ended and the Union restored by the readmission of
+Georgia, 1870_
+
+
+July Sixteenth
+
+I shall yet live to see it an English nation.
+
+  SIR WALTER RALEIGH
+
+_Raleigh's first colony arrives at Roanoke Island, 1584_
+
+
+July Seventeenth
+
+KIN
+
+A visitor in the Old Chapel Graveyard, in Clarke County, Virginia, asked
+the aged negro sexton if he knew the whereabouts of a certain grave,
+adding that the deceased was her relative.
+
+"Ole Mis' Anne? Why ob cose I knows whar my ole mistis is! She your
+gran'ma! Jus' to think now, if you hadn't spoke we never would have knowed
+we was related!"
+
+
+July Eighteenth
+
+Uncle Remus was quite a fogy in his idea of negro education. One day a
+number of negro children, on their way home from school, were impudent to
+the old man, and he was giving them an untempered piece of his mind, when
+a gentleman apologized for them by saying: "Oh well, they are school
+children. You know how they are."
+
+"Dat's what make I say what I duz," said Uncle Remus. "Dey better be at
+home pickin' up chips. What a nigger gwineter learn outen books? I kin
+take a bar'l stave and fling mo' sense inter a nigger in one minnit dan
+all de school houses betwixt dis en de New Nited States en Midgigin. Don't
+talk, honey! wid one bar'l stave I kin fairly lif de vail er ignunce."
+
+  (Quoted by) HENRY STILES BRADLEY
+
+
+July Nineteenth
+
+What was my offense? My husband was absent--an exile. He had never been a
+politician or in any way engaged in the struggle now going on, his age
+preventing. The house was built by my father, a Revolutionary soldier, who
+served the whole seven years for your independence.... Was it for this
+that you turned me, my young daughter and little son out upon the world
+without a shelter? Or was it because my husband was the grandson of the
+Revolutionary patriot and "rebel," Richard Henry Lee, and the near kinsman
+of the noblest of Christian warriors, the greatest of generals, Robert E.
+Lee?... _Your_ name will stand on history's page as the Hunter of weak
+women and innocent children; the Hunter to destroy defenseless villages
+and refined and beautiful homes--to torture afresh the agonized hearts of
+widows; the Hunter of Africa's poor sons and daughters, to lure them on to
+ruin and death of soul and body; the Hunter with the relentless heart of a
+wild beast, the face of a fiend and the form of a man.
+
+  HENRIETTA B. LEE
+
+    [Extract from letter to General Hunter, often referred to as the best
+    example of excoriating rebuke in American literature. Mrs. Lee's home
+    was burned July 19, 1864]
+
+
+July Twentieth
+
+  The muffled drum's sad roll has beat
+    The soldier's last tattoo;
+  No more on life's parade shall meet
+    The brave and fallen few.
+  On Fame's eternal camping-ground
+    Their silent tents are spread,
+  And Glory guards, with solemn round,
+    The bivouac of the dead.
+                                THEODORE O'HARA
+
+    [It is remarkable that the memorial inscriptions of Federal cemeteries
+    are taken from stanzas written by a "rebel" soldier-poet. Grand Army
+    Posts have also made use of "anonymous" lines by Major Wm. M. Pegram,
+    C. S. A., (quoted May 26th), when decorating Confederate graves. Both
+    uses are unconscious but eloquent tributes to the genius of Southern
+    expression.--Editor]
+
+_Burial in Frankfort of Kentuckians killed in the Mexican War, 1847_
+
+
+July Twenty-First
+
+  We thought they slept!--the sons who kept
+    The names of noble sires,
+  And slumbered while the darkness crept
+    Around their vigil fires!
+  But, aye, the "Golden Horseshoe" knights
+    Their Old Dominion keep,
+  Whose foes have found enchanted ground,
+    But not a knight asleep.
+                                FRANCIS O. TICKNOR
+
+_First Battle of Manassas, 1861_
+
+
+July Twenty-Second
+
+  In the darksome depths of the fathomless mine
+    My tireless arm doth play,
+  Where the rocks never saw the sun's decline,
+    Or the dawn of the glorious day.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  I blow the bellows, I forge the steel,
+    In all the shops of trade;
+  I hammer the ore and turn the wheel
+    Where my arms of strength are made;
+  I manage the furnace, the mill, the mint,
+    I carry, I spin, I weave,
+  And all my doings I put in print
+    On every Saturday eve.
+                                GEORGE W. CUTTER
+                                  (_The Song of Steam_)
+
+
+July Twenty-Third
+
+      ... The rush, the tumult, and the fear
+    Of this our modern age
+  Have only widened out the poet's sphere,
+    Have given him a broader stage
+  On which to act his part.
+    The spiritual world of godlike aspirations,
+  The kingdom of the sympathetic heart,
+    The fair domain of high imaginations,
+  Lie open to the poet as of old.
+    Wrong still is wrong, and right is right,
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  And to declare that poetry must go,
+    Is to do God a wrong.
+                              WILLIAM P. TRENT
+                                (_The Age and the Poet_)
+
+
+July Twenty-Fourth
+
+Ante-bellum Master: "Julius, you rascal, if this happens again we'll have
+to part."
+
+"La, Marse Phil, whar you gwine?"
+
+
+July Twenty-Fifth
+
+    The nights are full of love;
+  The stars and moon take up the golden tale
+  Of the sunk sun, and passionate and pale,
+    Mixing their fires above,
+    Grow eloquent thereof.
+                                MADISON CAWEIN
+
+
+July Twenty-Sixth
+
+THE PHILOSOPHY OF MAMMY PHYLLIS
+
+"Hush, Mary Van," commanded Willis; "you can't crow, you've got to
+cackle."
+
+"I haven't neether; I can crow just as good as you. Can't I, Mammy
+Phyllis?"
+
+"Well," solemnly answered Phyllis, "it soun' mo' ladylike ter hear er hen
+cackle dan ter crow, but dem wimmen fokes whut wants ter heah dersefs crow
+is got de right ter do it," shaking her head in resignation but
+disapproval, "but I allus notice dat de roosters keeps mo' comp'ny wid
+hens whut cackles dan dem whut crows. G'long now an' cackle like er nice
+lit'le hen."
+
+  SARAH JOHNSON COCKE
+
+
+July Twenty-Seventh
+
+  'Tis night! calm, lovely, silent, cloudless night!
+  Unnumbered stars on Heaven's blue ocean-stream,
+  Ships of Eternity! shed silver light,
+  Pure as an infant's or an angel's dream;
+  And still exhaustless, glorious, ever-bright,
+  Such as Creation's dawn beheld them beam,
+  In changeless orbits hold their ceaseless race
+  For endless ages over boundless space!
+                                RICHARD HENRY WILDE
+
+
+July Twenty-Eighth
+
+When he first set down he 'peared to keer mighty little 'bout playin', and
+wished he hadn't come. He tweedle-leedled a little on the trible, and
+twoodle-oodle-oodled some on the base--just foolin' and boxin' the thing's
+jaws for bein' in his way. And I says to a man settin' next to me, s'I
+"what sort of fool play'n is that?... He thinks he's a doing of it; but he
+ain't got no idee, no plan of nuthin'. If he'd play me up a tune of some
+kind or other, I'd----"
+
+But my neighbor says, "Heish!" very impatient....
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+    (_How Rubenstein Played_)
+
+
+July Twenty-Ninth
+
+... He fetcht up his right wing, he fetcht up his left wing, he fetcht up
+his centre, he fetcht up his reserves. He fired by file, he fired by
+platoons, by company, by regiments and by brigades. He opened his cannon,
+siege guns down thar, Napoleons here, twelve-pounders yonder, big guns,
+little guns, middle-size guns, round shot, shell, shrapnel, grape,
+canister, mortars, mines and magazines, every livin' battery and bomb
+a'goin' at the same time. The house trembled, the lights danced, the walls
+shuk, the floor came up, the ceilin' come down, the sky spilt, the ground
+rockt--heavens and earth, creation, sweet potatoes, Moses, nine-pences,
+glory, ten-penny nails, my Mary Ann, hallelujah, Samson in a 'simmon tree,
+Jeroosal'm, Tump Tompson in a tumbler-cart, roodle--oodle--oodle--oodle--
+ruddle--uddle--uddle--uddle--raddle--addle--addle--addle--addle--riddle--
+iddle--iddle--iddle--reetle--eetle--eetle--eetle--eetle--p-r-r-r-r-r-land!
+per lang! per lang! p-r-r-r-r-r-r-r-lang! Bang!... When I come to....
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+    (_How Rubenstein Played_)
+
+
+July Thirtieth
+
+Let me also recall the fact that on July 30, 1619, eighteen months before
+the Pilgrims set foot on American soil, the vine of liberty had so deeply
+taken root in the colony of Virginia that there was assembled in the
+church at Jamestown a free representative body (the first on American
+soil)--the House of Burgesses--to deliberate for the welfare of the
+people.
+
+  RANDOLPH H. MCKIM
+
+_First Legislative Assembly in America meets at Jamestown, 1619_
+
+_Battle of the Crater, near Petersburg, 1864_
+
+
+July Thirty-First
+
+It was probably the most remarkable evidence on record of the
+resourcefulness of the Anglo-Saxon race, and its ability and determination
+to dominate. Driven to desperation by conditions that threatened to
+destroy their civilization, the citizens of the South, through this
+organization, turned upon their enemies, overwhelmed them, and became
+again masters of their own soil ... and its proper use must be commended
+by all good men everywhere, for by it was preserved the purest Anglo-Saxon
+civilization of this nation.
+
+  CAREY A. FOLK
+    (_The Ku Klux Klan_)
+
+
+
+
+August
+
+
+SUMMER
+
+  A trembling haze hangs over all the fields--
+    The panting cattle in the river stand
+  Seeking the coolness which its wave scarce yields.
+    It seems a Sabbath thro' the drowsy land:
+  So hush'd is all beneath the Summer's spell,
+  I pause and listen for some faint church bell.
+
+  The leaves are motionless--the song-bird's mute--
+    The very air seems somnolent and sick:
+  The spreading branches with o'er-ripened fruit
+    Show in the sunshine all their clusters thick,
+  While now and then a mellow apple falls
+  With a dull sound within the orchard's walls.
+
+  The sky has but one solitary cloud,
+    Like a dark island in a sea of light;
+  The parching furrows 'twixt the corn-rows plough'd
+    Seem fairly dancing in my dazzled sight,
+  While over yonder road a dusty haze
+  Grows reddish purple in the sultry blaze.
+                                          JAMES BARRON HOPE
+
+
+August First
+
+The Southampton Insurrection, which occurred in August, 1831, was one of
+those untoward incidents which so often marked the history of slavery.
+Under the leadership of one Nat Turner, a negro preacher of some
+education, who felt that he had been called of God to deliver his race
+from bondage, the negroes attacked the whites at night, and before the
+assault could be suppressed, fifty-seven whites, principally women and
+children, had been killed. This deplorable event assumed an even more
+portentous aspect when it was realized that the leader was a slave to whom
+the privilege of education had been accorded, and that one of his
+lieutenants was a free negro. In addition, there existed a wide-spread
+belief among the whites that influences and instigations from without the
+State were responsible for the insurrection.
+
+  BEVERLY B. MUNFORD
+
+
+August Second
+
+But in addition to the Southampton Massacre, and the failure of the
+Legislature to enact any effective legislation, the contemporary rise of
+the Abolitionists in the North came as an even more powerful factor to
+embarrass the efforts of the Virginia emancipators. Unlike the
+anti-slavery men of former years, this new school not only attacked the
+institution of slavery, but the morality of the slaveholders and their
+sympathizers. In their fierce arraignment, not only were the humane and
+considerate linked in infamy with the cruel and intolerant, but the whole
+population of the slave-holding States, their civilization and their
+morals were the object of unrelenting and incessant assaults.
+
+  BEVERLY B. MUNFORD
+
+
+August Third
+
+Resolved, "That secession from the United States Government is the duty of
+every Abolitionist, since no one can take office or deposit his vote under
+the Constitution without violating his anti-slavery principles, and
+rendering himself an abettor of the slave-holder in his sin."
+
+    From Resolutions of the American Anti-Slavery Society
+
+
+August Forth
+
+His last campaign alone, even ending as it did in defeat, would have
+sufficed to fix him forever as a star of the first magnitude in the
+constellation of great captains. Though he succumbed at last to the
+"policy of attrition," pursued by his patient and able antagonist, it was
+not until Grant had lost in the campaign over 124,000 men, better armed
+and equipped--two men for every one that Lee had had in his army from the
+beginning of the campaign.
+
+  THOMAS NELSON PAGE
+
+_Lee elected President of Washington College, 1865_
+
+
+August Fifth
+
+By the recognized universal public law of all the earth, war dissolves all
+political compacts. Our forefathers gave as one of their grounds for
+asserting their independence that the King of Great Britain had "abdicated
+government here by declaring us out of his protection and waging war upon
+us." The people and the Government of the Northern States of the late
+Union have acted in the same manner toward Missouri, and have dissolved,
+by war, the connection heretofore existing between her and them.
+
+  GOV. C. F. JACKSON
+
+_Governor Jackson declares Missouri out of the Union, 1861_
+
+
+August Sixth
+
+Very soon after, the Essex was seen approaching under full steam. Stevens,
+as humane as he was true and brave, finding that he could not bring a
+single gun to bear upon the coming foe, sent all his people over the bows
+ashore, remaining alone to set fire to his vessel; this he did so
+effectually that he had to jump from the stern into the river and save
+himself by swimming; and with colors flying, the gallant _Arkansas_, whose
+decks had never been pressed by the foot of an enemy, was blown into the
+air.
+
+  CAPTAIN ISAAC N. BROWN
+
+_The "Arkansas" destroyed, 1862_
+
+_Judah P. Benjamin born, 1811_
+
+
+August Seventh
+
+  Oh, de cabin at de quarter in de old plantation days,
+    Wid de garden patch behin' it an' de gode-vine by de do',
+  An' de do'-yard sot wid roses, whar de chillun runs and plays,
+    An' de streak o' sunshine, yaller lak, er-slantin' on de flo'!
+
+  But ole Mars' wuz killed at Shiloh, an' young Mars' at Wilderness;
+    Ole Mis' is in de graveyard, wid young Mis' by her side,
+  An' all er we-all's fambly is scattered eas' an' wes',
+    An' de gode-vine by de cabin do' an' de roses all has died!
+                                                  MARY EVELYN MOORE DAVIS
+
+
+August Eighth
+
+  Here Carolina comes, her brave cheeks warm
+    And wet with tears, to take in charge this dust,
+  And brings her daughters to receive in form
+    Virginia's sacred trust.
+                                JAMES BARRON HOPE
+
+_Monument erected to Anne Carter Lee, Warren County, N. C., said to be the
+first monument erected by Southern women, 1866_
+
+
+August Ninth
+
+  "All quiet along the Potomac," they say,
+    "Except now and then a stray picket
+  Is shot, as he walks on his beat, to and fro,
+    By a rifleman hid in the thicket.
+  'Tis nothing--a private or two, now and then,
+    Will not count in the news of the battle;
+  Not an officer lost--only one of the men,
+    Moaning out, all alone, the death-rattle."
+                            _From "All Quiet Along the Potomac To-night"_
+
+    [This poem has been claimed by a Mississippian. It has also been
+    claimed on behalf of a New York writer; but it now seems probable that
+    the verses were originally written in camp by Thaddeus Oliver, of
+    Georgia, in August, 1861.--Editor]
+
+_Francis Scott Key born, 1780_
+
+
+August Tenth
+
+To defend your birthright and mine, which is more precious than domestic
+ease, or property, or life, I exchange, with proud satisfaction, a term of
+six years in the Senate of the United States for the musket of a soldier.
+
+  JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE
+
+_General Lyon killed and his army defeated by General Ben. McCulloch at
+Wilson Creek, Mo., 1861_
+
+
+August Eleventh
+
+  Against the night, a champion bright,
+  The glow-worm, lifts a spear of light;
+  And, undismayed, the slenderest shade
+  Against the noonday bares a blade.
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+                                  (_Heroes_)
+
+
+August Twelfth
+
+I will say that I am not, nor ever have been, in favor of bringing about
+in any way the social and political equality of the white and black races;
+that I am not, nor ever have been, in favor of making voters or jurors of
+negroes, nor of qualifying them to hold office, nor inter-marry with white
+people; and I will say in addition to this that there is a physical
+difference between the white and black races which I believe will forever
+forbid the two races living together on terms of social and political
+equality. And, inasmuch as they cannot so live, while they do remain
+together, there must be the position of superior and inferior; and I, as
+much as any other man, am in favor of having the superior position
+assigned to the white race.
+
+  ABRAHAM LINCOLN
+
+_The Mississippi Constitutional Convention meets in Jackson, 1890,
+principally for the purpose of restricting suffrage_
+
+
+August Thirteenth
+
+Virginia, mother of States and statesmen, as she used to be called, has
+contributed many men of worth to the multitude that America can number.
+All her sons have loved her well, while many have reflected great honor on
+her. But of them all, none has known how to draw her portrait like that
+one who years ago, under the mild voice and quiet exterior of State
+Librarian and occasional contributor to the Periodical Press, hid the soul
+of a man of letters and an artist.
+
+  THOMAS NELSON PAGE
+
+_George W. Bagby born, 1828_
+
+
+August Fourteenth
+
+  Look, out of line one tall corn-captain stands
+  Advanced beyond the foremost of his bands,
+    And waves his blades upon the very edge
+    And hottest thicket of the battling hedge.
+  Thou lustrous stalk, that ne'er may walk nor talk,
+    Still shalt thou type the poet-soul sublime
+    That leads the vanward of his timid time
+    And sings up cowards with commanding rhyme.
+                                          SIDNEY LANIER
+                                            (_Corn_)
+
+
+August Fifteenth
+
+  In the hush of the valley of silence
+    I dream all the songs that I sing;
+  And the music floats down the dim Valley
+    Till each finds a word for a wing,
+  That to hearts, like the Dove of the Deluge,
+    A message of Peace they may bring.
+                                ABRAM J. RYAN
+
+_Abram J. Ryan born, 1839_
+
+
+August Sixteenth
+
+  Freighted with fruits, aflush with flowers,--
+  Oblations to offended powers,--
+  What fairy-like flotillas gleam
+  At night on Brahma's sacred stream.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Around each consecrated bark
+  That sailed into the outer dark
+  What lambent light those lanterns gave!
+    What opalescent mazes played
+  Reduplicated on the wave,
+    While, to and fro, like censers swayed,
+  They made it luminous to glass
+  Their fleeting splendors ere they pass!
+                                THEOPHILUS HUNTER HILL
+                                  (_A Ganges Dream_)
+
+_Battle of Camden, S. C., 1780_
+
+
+August Seventeenth
+
+My judgments were never appealed from, and if they had been, they would
+have stuck like wax, as I gave my decisions on the principles of common
+justice and honesty between man and man, and relied not on law learning;
+for I have never read a page in a law book in my life.
+
+  DAVID CROCKETT
+
+_David Crockett born, 1786_
+
+
+August Eighteenth
+
+  Like a mist of the sea at morn it comes,
+  Gliding among the fisher-homes--
+  The vision of a woman fair;
+  And every eye beholds her there
+    Above the topmost dune,
+  With fluttering robe and streaming hair,
+  Seaward gazing in dumb despair,
+    Like one who begs of the waves a boon.
+                                BENJAMIN SLEDD
+                                  (_The Wraith of Roanoke_)
+
+_Virginia Dare, the first child born in America of English parentage,
+1587_
+
+
+August Nineteenth
+
+  ... Hast thou perchance repented, Saracen Sun?
+    Wilt warm the world with peace and love-desire?
+  Or wilt thou, ere this very day be done,
+    Blaze Saladin still, with unforgiving fire?
+                                          SIDNEY LANIER
+                                            (_A Sunrise Song_)
+
+
+August Twentieth
+
+"Well," says Uncle Remus, "de 'oman make 'umble 'pology ter de boy, but
+howsomever he can't keep from rubbin' hisse'f in de naberhood er de coat
+tails, whar she spank 'im. I bin livin' 'round here a mighty long time,
+but I ain't never see no polergy what wuz poultice er plaster nuff to
+swage er swellin' or kore a bruise. Now you jes keep dat in min' en git
+sorry fo' you hurt anybody."
+
+  JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS
+
+
+August Twenty-First
+
+The radicals and negroes had, in the summer of 1867, refused to
+"co-operate" with the representative white citizens in restoring political
+and social order. The election of delegates to the constitutional
+convention was held in October, 1867. About 94,000 negroes voted. The
+radical majority included five foreign born, twenty-five negroes,
+twenty-eight Northerners, and fourteen Virginians. Never before in the
+history of the State had negroes sat in a law-making body. The former
+political leaders were absent. The State had been revolutionized.
+
+  JOHN PRESTON MCCONNELL
+    (_Reconstruction in Virginia_)
+
+
+August Twenty-Second
+
+  The moon has climbed her starry dome,
+    That taper gleams no more:
+  Delicious visions wait me home,
+    Delicious dreams of yore.
+  Old waves of thought voluptuous swell,
+  And rainbows spread amid the spell
+    Arcades of love and light.
+  Oh! what were slumber's drowsy kiss,
+  To golden visions such as this,
+    Through all the wakeful night?
+                                JOSEPH SALYARDS
+                                  (_Idothea; Idyll III_)
+
+
+August Twenty-Third
+
+EVOLUTION
+
+  Out of the dark a shadow,
+    Then, a spark;
+  Out of the cloud a silence,
+    Then, a lark;
+  Out of the heart a rapture,
+    Then, a pain;
+  Out of the dead, cold ashes,
+    Life again.
+                          JOHN B. TABB
+
+
+August Twenty-Fourth
+
+I have led the young men of the South in battle; I have seen many of them
+fall under my standard. I shall devote my life now to training young men
+to do their duty in life.
+
+  ROBERT E. LEE
+
+_General Lee accepts the Presidency of Washington College, 1865_
+
+
+August Twenty-Fifth
+
+BALM
+
+  After the sun, the shade,
+  Beatitude of shadow,
+  Dim aisles for memory made,--
+  And Thought;
+  After the sun, the shade.
+
+  After the heat, the dew,
+  The tender touch of twilight;
+  The unfolding of the few
+  Calm Stars;
+  After the heat, the dew.
+                            VIRGINIA WOODWARD CLOUD
+
+
+August Twenty-Sixth
+
+I have come to you from the West, where we have always seen the backs of
+our enemies--from an army whose business it has been to seek the
+adversary, and beat him when found, whose policy has been attack and not
+defense. I presume that I have been called here to pursue the same
+system.... It is my purpose to do so, and that speedily.... Meanwhile, I
+desire you to dismiss from your minds certain phrases, which I am sorry to
+find much in vogue amongst you. I hear constantly of taking strong
+positions and holding them--of lines of retreat and of bases of supplies.
+Let us discard such ideas.... Let us study the probable line of our
+opponents, and leave our own to take care of themselves.
+
+  GEN. JOHN POPE, U. S. A.
+    (_Before Campaign in Virginia_)
+
+
+August Twenty-Seventh
+
+Although a youth of only twenty-six years, he achieved, by his consummate
+tact and extraordinary abilities, what the powerful influence of Franklin
+failed to effect.
+
+  ELKANAH WATSON
+    (New York)
+
+I knew him well, and he had not a fault that I could discover, unless it
+were an intrepidity bordering on rashness.
+
+  GEORGE WASHINGTON
+
+_John Laurens dies, 1782_
+
+
+August Twenty-Eighth
+
+STONEWALL JACKSON'S MEN HELP THEMSELVES TO POPE'S SUPPLIES, 1862
+
+Weak and haggard from their diet of green corn and apples, one can well
+imagine with what surprise their eyes opened upon the contents of the
+sutler's stores, containing an amount and variety of property such as they
+had never conceived. Then came a storming charge of men rushing in a
+tumultuous mob over each other's heads, under each other's feet, anywhere,
+everywhere to satisfy a craving stronger than a yearning for fame. There
+were no laggards in that charge.... Men ragged and famished clutched
+tenaciously at whatever came in their way, and whether of clothing or
+food, of luxury or necessity. A long yellow-haired, bare-footed son of the
+South claimed as prizes a tooth-brush, a box of candles, a barrel of
+coffee. From piles of new clothing the Southerners arrayed themselves in
+the blue uniforms of the Federals. The naked were clad, the barefooted
+were shod, and the sick provided with luxuries to which they had long been
+strangers.
+
+  GEORGE H. GORDON, U. S. A.
+
+
+August Twenty-Ninth
+
+Doctor McGuire, fresh from the ghastly spectacle of the silent
+battle-field said: "General, this day has been won by nothing but stark
+and stern fighting."
+
+"No," replied Jackson very quietly, "it has been won by nothing but the
+blessing and protection of Providence."
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+
+August Thirtieth
+
+In the rapidity with which the opportunity was seized, in the combination
+of the three arms, and in the vigor of the blow, Manassas is in no way
+inferior to Austerlitz or Salamanca. That the result was less decisive was
+due to the greater difficulties of the battle-field, to the stubborn
+resistance of the enemy, to the obstacles in the way of rapid and
+connected movement, and to the inexperience of the troops.
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+_Second Battle of Manassas, 1862_
+
+
+August Thirty-First
+
+  My deep wound burns, my pale lips quake in death,
+  I feel my fainting heart resign its strife,
+  And reaching now the limit of my life.
+  Lord, to thy will I yield my parting breath,
+  Yet many a dream hath charmed my youthful eye;
+  And must life's visions all depart?
+  Oh, surely no! for all that fired my heart
+  To rapture here shall live with me on high;
+  And that fair form that won my earliest vow,
+  That my young spirit prized all else above,
+  And now adored as Freedom, now as Love,
+  Stands in seraphic guise before me now;
+  And as my failing senses fade away
+  It beckons me on high, to realms of endless day.
+
+    [Sonnet composed by John Laurens as he lay dying of wounds and fever
+    incurred in a campaign against the British in South Carolina.--Editor]
+
+
+
+
+September
+
+
+AUTUMN SONG
+
+  My Life is but a leaf upon the tree--
+    A growth upon the stem that feedeth all.
+    A touch of frost--and suddenly I fall,
+  To follow where my sister-blossoms be.
+
+  The selfsame sun, the shadow, and the rain
+    That brought the budding verdure to the bough,
+    Shall strip the fading foliage as now,
+  And leave the limb in nakedness again.
+
+  My life is but a leaf upon the tree;
+    The winds of birth and death upon it blow;
+    But whence it came and whither it shall go,
+  Is mystery of mysteries to me.
+                                          JOHN B. TABB
+
+
+September First
+
+  Around me blight, where all before was bloom!
+    And so much lost! alas! and nothing won;
+  Save this--that I can lean on wreck and tomb,
+    And weep--and weeping pray--Thy will be done.
+                                          ABRAM J. RYAN
+                                            (_The Prayer of the South_)
+
+_General Hood evacuates Atlanta, 1864_
+
+
+September Second
+
+Sixty thousand of us witnessed the destruction of Atlanta, while our post
+band and that of the Thirty-third Massachusetts played martial airs and
+operatic selections.
+
+  CAPT. DANIEL OAKEY, U. S. A.
+
+_Sherman enters Atlanta, 1864_
+
+
+September Third
+
+On this point, however, all parties in the South were agreed, and the vast
+majority of the people of the North--before the war. The Abolitionist
+proper was considered not so much a friend of the negro as the enemy of
+society. As the war went on, and the Abolitionist saw the "glory of the
+Lord" revealed in a way he had never hoped for, he saw at the same time,
+or rather ought to have seen, that the order he had lived to destroy could
+not have been a system of hellish wrong and fiendish cruelty; else the
+prophetic vision of the liberators would have been fulfilled, and the
+horrors of San Domingo would have polluted this fair land. For the negro
+race does not deserve undivided praise for its conduct during the war. Let
+some small part of the credit be given to the masters, not all to the
+finer qualities of their "brothers in black." The school in which the
+training was given is closed, and who wishes to open it? Its methods were
+old-fashioned and were sadly behind the times, but the old schoolmasters
+turned out scholars who, in certain branches of moral philosophy, were not
+inferior to the graduates of the new university.
+
+  BASIL L. GILDERSLEEVE
+    (_On Slavery_)
+
+
+September Fourth
+
+TOAST OF MORGAN'S MEN
+
+  Unclaimed by the land that bore us,
+    Lost in the land we find,
+  The brave have gone before us,
+    Cowards are left behind!
+  Then stand to your glasses, steady,
+    Here's health to those we prize,
+  Here's a toast to the dead already,
+    And here's to the next who dies.
+
+_General John H. Morgan killed, 1864_
+
+
+September Fifth
+
+If slavery were an unutterably evil institution, with no alleviating
+features, how are we to account for the fact that when the Confederate
+soldiers were at the front fighting, as they thought, for their
+independence, the negroes on the plantations took care of the women and
+children and old people, and nothing like an act of violence was ever
+known among them?... Is it not perfectly evident that there was a great
+rebellion, but that the rebels were the Northerners and that those who
+defended the Constitution as it was were the Southerners; but they
+defended State rights and slavery, which were distinctly intrenched within
+the Constitution?
+
+  CHARLES E. STOWE
+    (_A Northern view in the light of fifty years of history_)
+
+
+September Sixth
+
+In regard to Barbara Frietchie a word may be said: An old woman by that
+now immortal name did live in Frederick in those days, but she was 84
+years of age and bed-ridden. She never saw General Jackson, and he never
+saw her. I was with him every minute of the time he was in Frederick, and
+nothing like the scene so graphically described by the poet ever happened.
+
+  HENRY KYD DOUGLAS
+
+_Jackson enters Frederick, Md., 1862_
+
+
+September Seventh
+
+OF JAMES RUMSEY, INVENTOR OF THE FIRST STEAMBOAT
+
+I have seen the model of Mr. Rumsey's boat, constructed to work against
+the stream, examined the powers upon which it acts, been the eye witness
+to an actual experiment in running water of some rapidity, and give it as
+my opinion (although I had little faith before) that he has discovered the
+art of working boats by mechanism and small manual assistance against
+rapid currents; that the discovery is of vast importance; may be of the
+greatest usefulness in our inland navigation, and if it succeeds (of which
+I have no doubt) that the value of it is greatly enhanced by the
+simplicity of the works; which, when seen and explained, may be executed
+by the most common mechanic.
+
+Given under my hand at the Town of Bath, County of Berkeley, in the State
+of Virginia, this 7th day of September, 1784.
+
+  GEORGE WASHINGTON
+
+_Sidney Lanier dies, 1881_
+
+
+September Eighth
+
+  Ere Time's horizon-line was set,
+  Somewhere in space our spirits met,
+  Then o'er the starry parapet
+    Came wandering here.
+  And now, that thou art gone again
+  Beyond the verge, I haste amain
+  (Lost echo of a loftier strain)
+    To greet thee there.
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+                                  (_Ave: Sidney Lanier_)
+
+_Battle of Eutaw Springs, S. C., 1781_
+
+
+September Ninth
+
+Their conduct indeed was exemplary. They had been warned that pillage and
+depredations would be severely dealt with, and all requisitions, even
+fence-rails, were paid for on the spot.
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+_Lee and Jackson in occupation of Frederick, Md., 1862_
+
+
+September Tenth
+
+  My life is like the autumn leaf
+    That trembles in the moon's pale ray;
+  Its hold is frail, its date is brief,
+    Restless, and soon to pass away!
+  Yet ere that leaf shall fall and fade,
+  The parent tree will mourn its shade,
+  The winds bewail the leafless tree;
+  But none shall breathe a sigh for me!
+                                RICHARD HENRY WILDE
+
+_Richard Henry Wilde dies, 1847_
+
+_Joseph Wheeler born, 1836_
+
+
+September Eleventh
+
+Long and close association with the white race had its civilizing effect
+upon the negroes, and it was not long before the two races became warmly
+attached, both alike manifesting a keen interest in the other's welfare.
+Thus as economic interests had fixed the system in the laws of the people,
+the domestication of the race fixed it in their hearts. The abolitionist
+was right in his position on the ethics of slavery, but more than
+benighted in his conception of its condition in the South.
+
+  DUNBAR ROWLAND
+
+
+September Twelfth
+
+In conclusion, the Battle of North Point saved Baltimore from a
+pre-determined fate; it encouraged the rest of the country; it, with
+Plattsburg, caused the English Ministry to suggest that the Duke of
+Wellington should take command in America, and it influenced the terms of
+the treaty of Ghent in favor of the United States.
+
+  FREDERICK M. COLSTON
+
+_Battle of North Point, Md., 1814_
+
+
+September Thirteenth
+
+LEE'S ORDER OF INVASION, 1862
+
+That he did not reap the full fruits of this wonderful generalship was due
+to one of those strange events which, so insignificant in itself, yet is
+fateful to decide the issues of nations....
+
+It will be seen that Lee had no doubt whatever of the success of his
+undertaking. Both he and Jackson knew Harper's Ferry and the surrounding
+country, and his plan, so simple and yet so complete, was laid out with a
+precision as absolute as if formed on the ground instead of on the march
+in a new country. It was this order showing the dispersion of his army
+over twenty-odd miles of country, with a river flowing between its widely
+scattered parts, that by a strange fate fell in McClellan's hands.
+
+  THOMAS NELSON PAGE
+
+
+September Fourteenth
+
+  On the shore dimly seen through the mists of the deep,
+    Where the foe's haughty host in dread silence reposes,
+  What is that which the breeze, o'er the towering steep,
+    As it fitfully blows, half conceals, half discloses?
+  Now it catches the gleam of the morning's first beam,
+  In full glory reflected now shines on the stream;
+  'Tis the star-spangled banner; O long may it wave
+  O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave!
+                                                FRANCIS SCOTT KEY
+
+No more sacred spot in New Orleans, a city famous for its historic
+memories, can be pointed out than Liberty Place, where these martyrs fell;
+and no more memorable day can be found in the calendar of Louisiana's
+history than Sept. 14, 1874.
+
+  HENRY EDWARD CHAMBERS
+    (_Referring to the rout of General Longstreet and the Carpet-bagger
+      police by citizens, eleven of whom were killed_)
+
+_Francis Scott Key writes the "Star Spangled Banner," 1814_
+
+_Battle of Boonsboro, 1862_
+
+_Rule of the Carpet-bagger shaken, New Orleans, 1874_
+
+
+September Fifteenth
+
+General Jackson, after a brief dispatch to General Lee announcing the
+capitulation, rode up to Bolivar and down into Harper's Ferry. The
+curiosity of the Union Army to see him was so great that the soldiers
+lined the sides of the road. Many of them uncovered as he passed, and he
+invariably returned the salute. One man had an echo of response all about
+him when he said aloud: "Boys, he's not much for looks, but if we'd had
+him we wouldn't have been caught in this trap."
+
+  HENRY KYD DOUGLAS
+
+_Capture of Harper's Ferry by Jackson, 1862_
+
+
+September Sixteenth
+
+Mr. Lincoln, sir, have you any late news from Mr. Harper's Ferry? I heard
+that Stone W. Jackson kept the parole for a few days, and that about
+fourteen thousand crossed over in twenty-four hours. He is a smart
+ferryman, sure. Do your folks know how to make it pay? It is a bad
+crossing, but I suppose it is a heap safer than Ball's Bluff or
+Shepherdstown.
+
+  BILL ARP (Charles H. Smith)
+    (_Humorous "Letter to Lincoln"_)
+
+
+September Seventeenth
+
+The moon, rising above the mountains, revealed the long lines of men and
+guns, stretching far across hill and valley, waiting for the dawn to shoot
+each other down, and between the armies their dead lay in such numbers as
+civilised war has seldom seen. So fearful had been the carnage, and
+comprised within such narrow limits, that a Federal patrol, it is related,
+passing into the corn-field, where the fighting had been fiercest,
+believed that they had surprised a whole Confederate brigade. There, in
+the shadow of the woods, lay the skirmishers, their muskets beside them;
+and there, in regular ranks, lay the line of battle, sleeping, as it
+seemed, the profound sleep of utter exhaustion. But the first man that was
+touched was cold and lifeless, and the next, and the next; it was the
+bivouac of the dead.
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+_Battle of Antietam, 1862_
+
+
+September Eighteenth
+
+  He's in the saddle now. Fall in,
+    Steady the whole brigade!
+  Hill's at the ford, cut off; we'll win
+    His way out, ball and blade.
+  What matter if our shoes are worn?
+  What matter if our feet are torn?
+  Quick step! We're with him before morn--
+    That's Stonewall Jackson's way.
+                                JOHN WILLIAMSON PALMER
+
+    [From lines written within the sound of Jackson's guns at Antietam,
+    1862. Although then a correspondent of the New York _Tribune_, Dr.
+    Palmer was a Southerner by birth and residence.--Editor]
+
+_Lee awaits McClellan's attack at Sharpsburg, 1862_
+
+
+September Nineteenth
+
+As a deputation from New England was one day leaving the White House, a
+delegate turned round and said: "Mr. President, I should much like to know
+what you reckon to be the number the rebels have in arms against us?"
+
+Without a moment's hesitation Mr. Lincoln replied: "Sir, I have the best
+possible reason for knowing the number to be one million of men, for
+whenever one of our generals engages a rebel army he reports that he has
+encountered a force twice his strength. I know we have half a million
+soldiers, so I am bound to believe that the rebels have twice that
+number."
+
+  LIEUT.-COL. G. F. R. HENDERSON, C.B.
+
+_Lee repulses attempted advance across the Potomac after Antietam, 1862_
+
+_First day at Chickamauga, 1863_
+
+
+September Twentieth
+
+Judged by percentage in killed and wounded, Chickamauga nearly doubled the
+sanguinary records of Marengo and Austerlitz; was two and a half times
+heavier than that sustained by the Duke of Marlborough at Malplaquet; more
+than double that suffered by the army under Henry of Navarre in the
+terrific slaughter at Coutras; nearly three times as heavy as the
+percentage of loss at Solferino and Magenta; five times greater than that
+of Napoleon at Wagram, and about ten times as heavy as that of Marshall
+Saxe at Bloody Raucoux.... Or, if we take the average percentage of loss
+in a number of the world's great battles--Waterloo, Wagram, Valmy,
+Magenta, Solferino, Zurich, and Lodi--we shall find by comparison that
+Chickamauga's record of blood surpassed them nearly three for one.
+
+  GENERAL JOHN B. GORDON
+
+_Second day at Chickamauga, 1863_
+
+
+September Twenty-First
+
+THE OLD TIME NEGRO
+
+God bless the forlorn and ragged remnants of a race now passing away. God
+bless the old black hand that rocked our infant cradles, smoothed the
+pillow of our infant sleep, and fanned the fever from our cheeks. God
+bless the old tongue that immortalized the nursery rhyme, the old eyes
+that guided our truant feet, and the old heart that laughed at our
+childish freaks.
+
+  PETER FRANCISCO SMITH
+
+
+September Twenty-Second
+
+If I could preserve the Union without freeing any slaves, I would do it;
+if I could preserve the Union by freeing all the slaves, I would do it.
+What I do about the colored race, I do because I think it helps to save
+the Union.
+
+  ABRAHAM LINCOLN
+
+_President Lincoln issues an emancipation proclamation to take effect
+January 1, 1863, unless the Confederate States should return to the Union
+by that date_
+
+
+September Twenty-Third
+
+THE MOCKING-BIRD
+
+  The name thou wearest does thee grievous wrong.
+    No mimic thou! That voice is thine alone!
+  The poets sing but strains of Shakespeare's song;
+    The birds, but notes of thine imperial own!
+                                HENRY JEROME STOCKARD
+
+
+September Twenty-Fourth
+
+No other man did half so much either to develop the Constitution by
+expounding it, or to secure for the judiciary its rightful place in the
+Government as the living voice of the Constitution.... The admiration and
+respect which he and his colleagues won for the court remain its bulwark:
+the traditions which were formed under him and them have continued in
+general to guide the action and elevate the sentiments of their
+successors.
+
+  JAMES BRYCE
+    (England)
+
+_John Marshall born, 1755_
+
+_Zachary Taylor born, 1784_
+
+
+September Twenty-Fifth
+
+  We are gathered here a feeble few
+    Of those who wore the gray--
+  The larger and the better part
+    Have mingled with the clay:
+  Yet not so lost, but now and then
+    Through dimming mist we see
+  The deadly calm of Stonewall's face,
+    The lion-front of Lee.
+                                HENRY LYNDEN FLASH
+
+_Memoirs of the Blue and Gray read at Los Angeles, 1897_
+
+
+September Twenty-Sixth
+
+  Summer is dead, ay me! Sweet summer's dead!
+    The sunset clouds have built his funeral pyre,
+    Through which, e'en now, runs subterranean fire:
+  While from the East, as from a garden-bed,
+  Mist-vined, the Dusk lifts her broad moon--like some
+  Great golden melon--saying, "Fall has come."
+                                          MADISON CAWEIN
+
+
+September Twenty-Seventh
+
+All America will soon treasure alike both Federal and Confederate
+exploits, in the greatest of wars, as a priceless national heritage. Then
+Semmes and the _Alabama_ will shine beside John Paul Jones and the
+_Bonhomme Richard_, Decatur and the _Philadelphia_, Lawrence and the
+_Chesapeake_, and be ever lauded with the victories of _Old Ironsides_,
+the intrepid deed of Farragut sailing over the mines in the channel of
+Mobile Bay, that of Dewey entering Manila Harbor, and of Hobson bringing
+the _Merrimac_ under the fire of the forts at Santiago.
+
+  JOHN C. REED
+
+_Raphael Semmes born, 1809_
+
+
+September Twenty-Eighth
+
+The _Alabama_ had been built in perfect good faith by the Lairds. When she
+was contracted for no question had been raised as to the right of a
+neutral to build and sell to a belligerent such a ship. The reader has
+seen that the Federal Secretary of the Navy himself had endeavored not
+only to build an _Alabama_, but ironclads in England.
+
+  RAPHAEL SEMMES
+
+_John Laurens born, 1754_
+
+
+September Twenty-Ninth
+
+  When summer flowers are dying,
+      August past,
+  When Autumn's breath is sighing
+      On the blast;
+  When the red leaves flutter down
+      To the sod,
+  Then the year kneels for its crown--
+      Goldenrod!
+                                VIRGINIA LUCAS
+
+
+September Thirtieth
+
+  Thistles send their missives white
+      To the sky;
+  Robins southward wing their flight,
+      (Sad goodbye!)
+  But where Summer, yellow-gowned,
+      Last has trod,
+  Thorn-torn fragments strew the ground--
+      Goldenrod!
+                                VIRGINIA LUCAS
+
+
+
+
+October
+
+
+  Thy glory flames in every blade and leaf
+  To blind the eyes of grief;
+  Thy vineyards and thine orchards bend with fruit
+  That sorrow may be mute;
+
+  A hectic splendor lights thy days to sleep,
+  Ere the gray dusk may creep
+  Sober and sad along thy dusty ways,
+  Like a lone nun, who prays;
+
+  High and faint-heard thy passing migrant calls;
+  Thy lazy lizard sprawls
+  On his gray stone, and many slow winds creep
+  About thy hedge, asleep;
+
+  The Sun swings farther toward his love, the South,
+  To kiss her glowing mouth;
+  And Death, who steals among thy purpling bowers,
+  Is deeply hid in flowers.
+                                          JOHN CHARLES MCNEILL
+
+
+October First
+
+  Come on thy swaying feet,
+  Wild Spirit of the Fall!
+  With wind-blown skirts, loose hair of russet brown
+  Crowned with bright berries of the bitter sweet.
+  Trip a light measure with the hurrying leaf,
+  Straining thy few late roses to thy breast:
+  With laughter overgay, sweet eyes drooped down,
+  That none may guess thy grief:
+  Dare not to pause for rest
+  Lest the slow tears should gather to their fall.
+                                          DANSKE DANDRIDGE
+
+
+October Second
+
+In all our associations; in all our agreements let us never lose sight of
+this fundamental maxim--that all power was originally lodged in, and
+consequently derived from, the people. We should wear it as a breastplate,
+and buckle it on as our armour.
+
+  GEORGE MASON
+
+
+October Third
+
+  What a brave splendour
+    Is in the October air! How rich and clear--
+  How life-full, and all joyous! We must render
+  Love to the Spring-time, with its sproutings tender,
+    As to a child quite dear--
+  But autumn is a noon, prolonged, of glory--
+  A manhood not yet hoary.
+                                      PHILIP PENDLETON COOKE
+
+
+October Fourth
+
+  At morn--at noon--at twilight dim--
+  Maria! thou hast heard my hymn!
+  In joy and woe--in good and ill--
+  Mother of God, be with me still!
+  When the Hours flew brightly by,
+  And not a cloud obscured the sky,
+  My soul, lest it should truant be,
+  Thy grace did guide to thine and thee!
+  Now, when storms of Fate o'ercast
+  Darkly my Present and my Past,
+  Let my future radiant shine
+  With sweet hopes of thee and thine!
+                                EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+
+October Fifth
+
+  Tormented sorely by the chastening rod,
+  I muttered to myself: "There is no God!"
+  But faithful friend, I found your soul so true,
+  That God revealed Himself in giving you.
+                                          WALTER MALONE
+
+
+October Sixth
+
+  Who said "false as dreams"? Not one who saw
+    Into the wild and wondrous world they sway;
+  No thinker who hath read their mystic law;
+    No Poet who hath weaved them in his lay.
+                                          HENRY TIMROD
+
+_Henry Timrod dies, 1867_
+
+_Nathaniel Bacon dies, 1676_
+
+
+October Seventh
+
+  And the fever called "Living"
+    Is conquered at last.
+                          EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+_Edgar Allan Poe dies, 1849_
+
+_Battle of King's Mountain, N. C., 1780_
+
+
+October Eighth
+
+EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+It is no small achievement to have sung a few imperishable songs of
+bereaved love and illusive beauty. It is no small achievement to have
+produced individual and unexcelled strains of harmony which have since so
+rung in the ears of brother poets that echoes of them may be detected even
+in the work of such original and accomplished versemen as Rossetti and
+Swinburne. It is no small achievement to have pursued one's ideal until
+one's dying day, conscious the while that, great as one's impediments have
+been from without, one's chief obstacle has been one's own self.
+
+  WILLIAM P. TRENT
+
+All who possess the divine element of pity will unite in feeling that his
+sufferings were his expiation.
+
+  LETITIA H. WRENSHALL
+
+
+October Ninth
+
+BATTLE OF KING'S MOUNTAIN: THE FIRST REBEL YELL
+
+And they came, these mountaineers of the South. Congress has not ordered
+them; it is a rally of volunteers.... They neither hesitate nor parley;
+they hitch their horses to the trees; like a girdle of steel they clasp
+the mountain; and up they go, at the enemy--rifles blazing as they
+advance, and the Southern yell ringing through the woods.
+
+  THOMAS E. WATSON
+
+It was the joyful annunciation of that turn of the tide of success which
+terminated the Revolutionary War with the seal of our independence.
+
+  THOMAS JEFFERSON
+
+
+October Tenth
+
+Soldiers! You are about to engage in an enterprise which, to insure
+success, imperatively demands at your hands coolness, decision, and
+bravery; implicit obedience to orders without a question or cavil; and the
+strictest order and sobriety on the march and in bivouac. The destination
+and extent of this expedition had better be kept to myself than known to
+you. Suffice it to say, that with the hearty cooperation of officers and
+men I have not a doubt of its success,--a success which will reflect
+credit in the highest degree upon your arms.
+
+  MAJ.-GEN. J. E. B. STUART
+
+_J. E. B. Stuart, with 1,800 men, begins his second circle around the
+Union Army, riding through Pennsylvania and Maryland, 1862_
+
+
+October Eleventh
+
+His firmness and perseverance yielded to nothing but impossibilities. A
+rigid disciplinarian, yet tender as a father to those committed to his
+charge; honest, disinterested, liberal, with a sound understanding and a
+scrupulous fidelity to truth.
+
+  THOMAS JEFFERSON
+
+_Meriwether Lewis dies, 1809_
+
+
+October Twelfth
+
+LEE
+
+He was a foe without hate, a friend without treachery, a soldier without
+cruelty, and a victim without murmuring. He was a public officer without
+vices, a private citizen without wrong, a neighbor without reproach, a
+Christian without hypocrisy, and a man without guile. He was Cæsar without
+his ambition, Frederick without his tyranny, Napoleon without his
+selfishness, and Washington without his reward. He was as obedient to
+authority as a true king. He was as gentle as a woman in life, pure and
+modest as a virgin in thought, watchful as a Roman vestal in duty,
+submissive to law as Socrates, and grand in battle as Achilles.
+
+  BENJAMIN H. HILL
+
+_Robert E. Lee dies, 1870_
+
+_Chief Justice Roger B. Taney dies, 1864_
+
+
+October Thirteenth
+
+TANEY
+
+It was the conviction of his life that the Government under which we live
+was of limited powers, and that its constitution had been framed for war
+as well as peace. Though he died, therefore, he could not surrender that
+conviction at the call of the trumpet. He had plighted his troth to the
+liberty of the citizen and the supremacy of the laws, and no man could put
+them asunder.
+
+  SEVERN TEACKLE WALLIS
+
+
+October Fourteenth
+
+LEE
+
+He sent to the suffering private in the hospitals the delicacies
+contributed for his personal use from the meagre stores of those who were
+anxious about his health. If a handful of real coffee came to him, it went
+in the same direction, while he cheerfully drank from his tin cup the
+wretched substitute made from parched corn or beans.
+
+  GEN. JOHN B. GORDON
+
+
+October Fifteenth
+
+THE CONFEDERATE VETERAN
+
+  Let the autumn hoarfrost gather,
+    Let the snows of winter drift,
+  For there blooms a fruit of valor that
+    The world may not forget.
+  Fold your faded gray coat closer, for
+    It was your country's gift,
+  And it brings her holiest message--
+    There is glory in it yet.
+                                VIRGINIA FRAZER BOYLE
+
+
+October Sixteenth
+
+This button here upon my cuff is valueless, whether for use or for
+ornament, but you shall not tear it from me and spit in my face besides;
+no, not if it cost me my life. And if your time be passed in the attempt
+to so take it, then my time and my every thought shall be spent in
+preventing such outrage. Let alone, the Virginian would gladly have made
+an end of slavery, but, strange hap, malevolence and meddling bound it up
+with every interest that was dear to his heart.
+
+  GEORGE W. BAGBY
+    (_Slavery_)
+
+_John Brown's raid at Harper's Ferry, West Virginia, 1859_
+
+
+October Seventeenth
+
+JOHN BROWN'S RAID
+
+Of course a transaction so flagitious with its attendant circumstances ...
+could but produce the profoundest impression upon the people of the South.
+Here was open and armed "aggression"; whether clearly understood and
+encouraged beforehand, certainly exulted in afterwards, by persons of a
+very different standing from that of the chief actor in this bloody
+incursion into a peaceful State.
+
+  GEORGE LUNT
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+"Saint John the Just" was the verdict of the Concord philosophers
+concerning John Brown. "The new Saint ... will make the gallows glorious
+like the Cross" was the sentiment of Emerson that drew applause from a
+vast assemblage in Boston.
+
+  HENRY A. WHITE
+
+
+October Eighteenth
+
+I address you on this occasion with a profound admiration for the great
+consideration which caused you to honor me by your votes with a seat in
+the Senate of Georgy. For two momentus and inspirin' weeks the Legislature
+has been in solemn session, one of whom I am proud to be which. For
+several days we were engaged as scouts, making a sorter reconysance to see
+whether Georgy were a State or a Injin territory, whether we were in the
+old Un-ion or out of it, whether me and my folks and you and your folks
+were somebody or no body, and lastly, but by no means leastly, whether our
+poor innocent children, born durin' the war, were all illegal and had to
+be born over agin or not. This last pint are much unsettled, but our women
+are advised to be calm and serene.
+
+  "BILL ARP"
+    (_To His Constituents_)
+
+
+October Nineteenth
+
+  Float out, oh flag, from Freedom's burnished lance.
+    Float out, oh flag, in Red and White and Blue!
+  The Union's colors and the hues of France
+    Commingled on the view!
+                                JAMES BARRON HOPE
+
+_Cornwallis surrenders at Yorktown, 1781_
+
+_Burning of the "Peggy Stewart" at Annapolis, 1774_
+
+
+October Twentieth
+
+Her right to it rested upon as firm a basis as the right of any other
+Commonwealth to her own domain, and if there was any question of the
+Virginia title by charter, she could assert her right by conquest. The
+region had been wrested from the British by a Virginian commanding
+Virginian troops; the people had taken "the oath of allegiance to the
+Commonwealth of Virginia"; and her title to the entire territory was thus
+indisputable....
+
+These rights she now abandoned; and her action was the result of an
+enlarged patriotism and devotion to the cause of union.
+
+  JOHN ESTEN COOKE
+
+_Virginia cedes to the general government the territory north of the Ohio,
+1783_
+
+
+October Twenty-First
+
+When social relations were resumed between the North and South--they
+followed slowly the resumption of business relations--what we should call
+the color-blindness of the other side often manifested itself in a
+delicate reticence on the part of our Northern friends; and as the war had
+by no means constituted their lives as it had constituted ours for four
+long years, the success in avoiding the disagreeable topic would have been
+considerable, if it had not been for awkward allusions on the part of the
+Southerners, who, having been shut out for all that time from the study of
+literature and art and other elegant and uncompromising subjects, could
+hardly keep from speaking of this and that incident of the war. Whereupon
+a discreet, or rather an embarrassed silence, as if a pardoned convict had
+playfully referred to the arson or burglary, not to say worse, that had
+been the cause of his seclusion.
+
+  BASIL L. GILDERSLEEVE
+
+
+October Twenty-Second
+
+  Oh, the rolling, rolling prairies, and the grasses waving, waving
+    Like green billows 'neath the gulf breeze in the perfumed purple gloam!
+  Oh, my heart is heavy, heavy, and my eyes are craving, craving
+    For the fertile plains and forests of my far-off Texas home.
+                                                   JUDD MORTIMER LEWIS
+                                                     (_Longing for Texas_)
+
+_Samuel Houston inaugurated President of Texas, 1836_
+
+
+October Twenty-Third
+
+BEARING THE NEWS FROM YORKTOWN TO PHILADELPHIA
+
+All the night of the 22d he rode up the peninsula, not a sound disturbing
+the silence of the darkness except the beat of his horse's hoofs. Every
+three or four hours he would ride up to a lonely homestead, still and
+quiet and dark in the first slumbers of the night, and thunder on the door
+with his sword: "Cornwallis is taken: a fresh horse for the Congress!"
+Like an electric shock the house would flash with an instant light and
+echo with the pattering feet of women, and before a dozen greetings could
+be exchanged, and but a word given of the fate of the loved ones at York,
+Tilghman would vanish in the gloom, leaving a trail of glory and joy
+behind him.
+
+  BRADLEY T. JOHNSON
+
+_Col. Tench Tilghman's ride, 1781_
+
+
+October Twenty-Fourth
+
+IMMORTALITY
+
+  Battles nor songs can from Oblivion save,
+  But Fame upon a white deed loves to build;
+  From out that cup of water Sidney gave,
+  Not one drop has been spilled.
+                                LIZETTE WOODWORTH REESE
+
+
+October Twenty-Fifth
+
+Supposing a disintegration of the Union, notwithstanding all efforts to
+prevent it, to be forced upon us by the obstinacy and impracticability of
+parties on each side--the case would still be far from hopeless. The
+Border States, in that event, would form, in self-defence, a Confederacy
+of their own, which would serve as a centre of reinforcement for the
+reconstruction of the Union.
+
+  JOHN P. KENNEDY
+    (_In "The Border States--their Power and Duty in the Present
+      Disordered Condition of the Country"_)
+
+_John P. Kennedy born, 1795_
+
+
+October Twenty-Sixth
+
+  Give us back the ties of Yorktown!
+    Perish all the modern hates!
+  Let us stand together, brothers,
+    In defiance of the Fates;
+  For the safety of the Union
+    Is the safety of the States!
+                            JAMES BARRON HOPE
+                              (_Centennial Ode_)
+
+
+October Twenty-Seventh
+
+The attempt made to establish a separate and independent confederation has
+failed, but the consciousness of having done your duty faithfully and to
+the end will in some measure repay for the hardships you have undergone.
+In bidding you farewell, rest assured that you carry with you my best
+wishes for your future welfare and happiness.... I now cheerfully and
+gratefully acknowledge my indebtedness to the officers and men of my
+command, whose zeal, fidelity, and unflinching bravery have been the great
+source of my past success in arms. I have never on the field of battle
+sent you where I felt myself unwilling to pursue. You have been good
+soldiers, you can be good citizens. Obey the laws, preserve your honor,
+and the government to which you have surrendered can afford to be and will
+be magnanimous.
+
+  N. B. FORREST
+    (_Farewell Address to His Soldiers_)
+
+
+October Twenty-Eighth
+
+Whether in the thickest of the battle, where hundreds or thousands were
+rushing at each other in deadly combat, or on the lonely highway where he
+came face to face with a single adversary, or in the reconnoissance by day
+or night, when alone or attended by a single member of his staff he would
+ride into the enemy's lines and even into their camps, he was with pistol
+or sabre ever ready to assert his physical prowess. It is known that he
+placed _hors de combat_ thirty Federal officers or soldiers fighting
+hand-to-hand.
+
+  JOHN A. WYETH
+
+
+October Twenty-Ninth
+
+  Swing, rustless blade, in the dauntless hand;
+  Ride, soul of a god, through the deathless band,
+  Through the low green mounds, or the breadth of the land,
+    Wherever your legions dwell!
+                                          VIRGINIA FRAZER BOYLE
+
+_Gen. N. B. Forrest dies, 1877_
+
+
+October Thirtieth
+
+It will be difficult in all history to find a more varied career than his,
+a man who, from the greatest poverty, without any learning, and by sheer
+force of character alone became the great fighting leader of fighting men,
+a man in whom an extraordinary military instinct and sound common-sense
+supplied to a very large extent his unfortunate want of military
+education. His military career teaches us that the genius which makes men
+great soldiers is not art of war.
+
+  VISCOUNT WOLSELEY
+    (England)
+
+
+October Thirty-First
+
+Rising from the position of a private soldier to wear the wreath and stars
+of a lieutenant-general, and that without education or influence to help
+him, wounded four times and having twenty-nine horses shot under him,
+capturing 31,000 prisoners, and cannon, flags, and stores of all kinds
+beyond computation, Nathan Bedford Forrest was a born genius for war, and
+his career is one of the most brilliant and romantic to be found in the
+pages of history.
+
+  REV. J. WILLIAM JONES
+
+
+
+
+November
+
+
+FALL
+
+  Sad-hearted Spirit of the solitudes,
+  Who comest through the ruin-wedded woods!
+  Gray-gowned in fog, gold-girdled with the gloom
+  Of tawny sunsets; burdened with perfume
+  Of rain-wet uplands, chilly with the mist;
+  And all the beauty of the fire-kissed
+  Cold forests crimsoning thy indolent way,
+  Odorous of death and drowsy with decay.
+  I think of thee as seated 'mid the showers
+  Of languid leaves that cover up the flowers--
+  The little flower-sisterhoods, whom June
+  Once gave wild sweetness to, as to a tune
+  A singer gives her soul's wild melody--
+  Watching the squirrel store his granary.
+  Or, 'mid old orchards, I have pictured thee:
+  Thy hair's profusion blown about thy back;
+  One lovely shoulder bathed with gypsy black;
+  Upon thy palm one nestling cheek, and sweet
+  The rosy russets tumbled at thy feet.
+  Was it a voice lamenting for the flowers?
+  Or heart-sick bird that sang of happier hours?
+  A cricket dirging days that soon must die?
+  Or did the ghost of Summer wander by?
+                                          MADISON CAWEIN
+
+
+November First
+
+The white people owe a high duty to the negro. It was necessary to the
+safety of the State to base suffrage on the capacity to exercise it
+wisely. This results in excluding a great number of negroes from the
+ballot, but their right to life, liberty, property, and justice must be
+even more carefully safeguarded than ever. It is true that a superior race
+cannot submit to the rule of a weaker race without injury; it is also true
+in the long years of God that the strong cannot oppress the weak without
+destruction.
+
+  CHARLES B. AYCOCK
+
+_The New Constitution of Mississippi adopted, 1890_
+
+
+November Second
+
+It becomes the duty of all States, and especially of those whose
+constitutions recognize the existence of domestic slavery, to look with
+watchfulness to the attempts which have been recently made to disturb the
+rights secured to them by the Constitution of the United States.
+
+  JAMES KNOX POLK
+
+_James Knox Polk born, 1795_
+
+
+November Third
+
+FROM THE LAST-KNOWN DECLARATION OF THE NATURAL RIGHTS OF MAN! VIRGINIA,
+1687
+
+Man in marriage is said to repair his maimed side, and to regain his own
+rib. And the woman is then and thereby reduced to her first place.... From
+a rib to a helper was a happy change.
+
+  COL. JOHN PAGE
+    (_In "A Deed of Gift"_)
+
+
+November Fourth
+
+NOVEMBER
+
+  'Neath naked boughs, and sitting in the sun,
+  With idle hands, because her work is done,
+    I mark how smiles the lovely, fading year,
+  Crowned with chrysanthemums and berries bright,
+    And in her eyes the shimmer of a tear.
+                                          DANSKE DANDRIDGE
+
+
+November Fifth
+
+It came to pass that I was one of the few who witnessed the last
+descending glory of this attempted Republic, projected by men who
+considered that the only true and natural foundation of society was "the
+wants and fears of individuals," but which was decided adversely to
+_their_ interpretation of that natural law, by the God of battles.
+
+  CORNELIUS E. HUNT
+    (_Of "The Shenandoah"_)
+
+    [Learning Aug. 2, 1865, in the course of her cruising in the Pacific,
+    that the Confederate government no longer existed, and knowing that
+    they had been rated as "pirates" by Federal officials, the captain and
+    crew determined to surrender their flag and commission in a foreign
+    port, setting out forthwith for Liverpool, England.--Editor]
+
+
+November Sixth
+
+The First Lieutenant stood ... gazing at the flag under which he had so
+long done battle, and then turned away with tears coursing down his
+bronzed cheeks.
+
+He was not alone in this exhibition of weakness, if such it was, for more
+than one eye, unaccustomed to weep, turned aside to conceal the unwonted
+drops, as at a silent signal, the quartermaster hauled down the Stars and
+Bars, thereby surrendering the Shenandoah to the British authorities.
+
+  CORNELIUS E. HUNT
+    (_Of "The Shenandoah"_)
+
+_The "Shenandoah" furls the last Confederate battle flag, 1865_
+
+
+November Seventh
+
+  A very shy fellow was dusky Sam,
+  As slow of speech as the typical clam.
+  He couldn't make love to his Angeline
+  Though his love grew like the Great Gourd Vine;
+  So he brought the telephone to his aid
+  To assist in wooing the chosen maid:
+  "Miss Angeline? Dat you?" called he.
+  "Yas.--Dis Angeline--Dis me--"
+  "I--des wanter say--dat I does--love you--
+  Miss Angeline--does you love me, too--?"
+  "Why--yas--Of course I loves my beau--
+  Say what's de reason you wants to know?"
+  "Miss--hold de wire--Will you marry me? True--?"
+  "Yas. Course I will----Say. Who is you?"
+                                          MARTHA YOUNG
+
+
+November Eighth
+
+History will record the events attending this capture as a most
+extraordinary lapse in the career of a civilized nation--an instance where
+statesmen and _Jurisconsults_ betrayed their country to administer to the
+passions of a mob. Edward Everett ... wrote for the newspapers,
+vindicating on principles of public law, the act of Captain Wilkes.
+
+  JAMES M. MASON
+
+_The English Royal Mail steamer "Trent" held up by the Federal war-ship
+"San Jacinto" and the Confederate commissioners, Mason and Slidell,
+arrested, 1861_
+
+
+November Ninth
+
+I also propose that these surgeons shall act as commissaries, with power
+to receive and distribute such contributions of money, food, clothing, and
+medicines as may be forwarded for the relief of prisoners. I further
+propose that these surgeons be selected by their own Governments, and they
+shall have full liberty at any and all times, through the agents of
+exchange, to make reports, not only of their own acts, but of any matters
+relating to the welfare of prisoners.
+
+  ROBERT OULD
+    (_Agent of Exchange_)
+
+    This letter was ignored by the Federal Government, as were others of
+    similar import, although receipt was acknowledged by the Agent of
+    Exchange.
+
+      _R. R. Stevenson's Account_
+
+I need not state how much suffering would have been prevented if this
+offer had been met in the spirit in which it was dictated. In addition,
+the world would have had truthful accounts of the treatment of prisoners
+on both sides, by officers of character, and thus much of that
+misrepresentation which has flooded the country would never have been
+poured forth.... The acceptance of the proposition made by me, on behalf
+of the Confederate Government, would not only have furnished to the sick,
+medicines and physicians, but to the well an abundance of food and
+clothing from the ample stores of the United States.
+
+  R. R. STEVENSON
+
+_A. P. Hill born, 1825_
+
+
+November Tenth
+
+The verdict has been found, said they, and no appeal will be permitted.
+"Besides," said many, "why stir up these old matters? Let them be; they
+will be forgotten within a generation." But there are some yet living, in
+both the South and the North, who prefer truth to falsehood, even though
+the attainment of the former costs some trouble.
+
+  R. R. STEVENSON
+
+_Major Henry Wirz, Commandant of Andersonville prison, hanged, 1865_
+
+_Robert Young Hayne born, 1791_
+
+
+November Eleventh
+
+"The report of Mr. Stanton, as Secretary of War, on the 19th of July,
+1866, exhibits the fact that of the Federal prisoners in Confederate hands
+during the war, 22,576 died; while of the Confederate prisoners in Federal
+hands 26,436 died."
+
+    [Since Dr. Stevenson wrote the above (1876), the figures on either
+    side have been added to, but the proportion remains about the same.
+    _If nothing more_, these figures of comparative mortality should be
+    borne in mind in exoneration of Henry Wirz, and of those of greater
+    responsibility who were accused with him, but who were neither
+    executed nor even brought to trial. A number of gallant Federal
+    officers, once prisoners at Andersonville, have in later years come
+    forward to testify in book and monograph as to the true character of
+    Major Wirz.--Editor]
+
+
+November Twelfth
+
+When it was ascertained that exchanges could not be made, either on the
+basis of the cartel, or officer for officer and man for man, I was
+instructed by the Confederate authorities to offer the United States
+Government their sick and wounded, _without requiring any equivalents_.
+Accordingly, in the summer of 1864, I did offer to deliver from ten to
+fifteen thousand of the sick and wounded at the mouth of the Savannah
+River, without requiring any equivalents, assuring, at the same time, the
+Agent of the United States, General Mulford, that if the number for which
+he might send transportation could not readily be made up from sick and
+wounded, I would supply the difference with well men. Although this offer
+was made in the summer of 1864, transportation was not sent to the
+Savannah River until about the middle or last of November.
+
+  R. R. STEVENSON
+
+
+November Thirteenth
+
+In the summer of 1864, in consequence of certain information communicated
+to me by the Surgeon-general of the Confederate States as to the
+deficiency of medicines, I offered to make purchases of medicines from the
+United States authorities, to be used exclusively for the relief of
+Federal prisoners. I offered to pay gold, cotton, or tobacco for them, and
+even two or three prices, if required. At the same time I gave assurances
+that the medicines would be used exclusively in the treatment of Federal
+prisoners; and moreover agreed, on behalf of the Confederate States, if it
+was insisted on, that such medicines might be brought into the Confederate
+lines by the United States surgeons, and dispensed by them.
+
+  R. R. STEVENSON
+
+_Texas declares her independence of Mexico, 1835_
+
+
+November Fourteenth
+
+Were I to enter the Hall, at this remote period, and meet my associates
+who signed the instrument of our independence, I should know them all,
+from Hancock down to Stephen Hopkins.
+
+  CHARLES CARROLL
+    (_Of Carrollton, at 90 years of age_)
+
+_Charles Carroll of Carrollton, the last surviving signer of the
+Declaration of Independence, dies, 1832_
+
+
+November Fifteenth
+
+In other words, a veteran of our civil strife, General Sherman advocated
+in an enemy's country the sixteenth century practices of Tilly, described
+by Schiller, and the later devastation of the Palatinate policy of Louis
+XIV, commemorated by Goethe. In the twenty-first century, perhaps,
+partisan feeling as regards the Civil War performances having by that time
+ceased to exist, American investigators, no longer regardful of a victor's
+self-complacency, may treat the episodes of our struggle with the same
+even-handed and out-spoken impartiality with which Englishmen now treat
+the revenges of the Restoration, or Frenchmen the dragonnades of the Grand
+Monarque. But when that time comes, the page relating to what occurred in
+1864 in the Valley of the Shenandoah, in Georgia, and in the Carolinas,--a
+page which Mr. Rhodes somewhat lightly passes over--will probably be
+rewritten in characters of far more decided import.
+
+  CHARLES FRANCIS ADAMS
+    (Massachusetts)
+
+_Sherman begins his march from Atlanta to the sea, 1864_
+
+
+November Sixteenth
+
+HENRY WIRZ, THE UNFORTUNATE SWISS-AMERICAN COMMANDANT AT ANDERSONVILLE
+
+On the evening before the day of the execution of Major Wirz a man visited
+me, on the part of a Cabinet officer, to inform me that Major Wirz would
+be pardoned if he would implicate Jefferson Davis in the cruelties at
+Andersonville....
+
+When I visited Major Wirz the next morning he told me that the same
+proposal had been made to him.
+
+  F. E. BOYLE
+    (_Priest in attendance upon Major Wirz_)
+
+Some parties came to the confessor of Wirz, Rev. Father Boyle, and also to
+me, one of them informing me that a high Cabinet officer wished to assure
+Wirz, that if he would implicate Jefferson Davis with the atrocities
+committed at Andersonville, his sentence would be commuted. He, the
+messenger, or whoever he was, requested me to inform Wirz of this.
+
+  LEWIS SCHADE
+    (_German-American Attorney to Major Wirz_)
+
+
+November Seventeenth
+
+  Sad spirit, swathed in brief mortality,
+    Of Fate and fervid fantasies the prey,
+    Till the remorseless demon of dismay
+  O'erwhelmed thee--lo! thy doleful destiny
+  Is chanted in the requiem of the sea
+    And shadowed in the crumbling ruins gray
+    That beetle o'er the tarn. Here all the day
+  The Raven broods on solitude and thee:
+  Here gloats the moon at midnight, while the Bells
+    Tremble, but speak not lest thy Ulalume
+  Should startle from her slumbers, or Lenore
+  Hearken the love-forbidden tone that tells
+    The shrouded legend of thine early doom
+  And blast the bliss of heaven forevermore.
+                                          JOHN B. TABB
+
+_First American Monument erected to the memory of Edgar Allan Poe
+dedicated in Baltimore, 1875_
+
+
+November Eighteenth
+
+POE--He is the nightingale of our Southern poets--singing at night,
+singing on nocturnal themes, but with all the passionate tenderness and
+infinite pathos of his own angel Israfel, "whose heart-strings are a
+lute."
+
+  OLIVER HUCKEL
+    (Pennsylvania)
+
+
+November Nineteenth
+
+The election of 1873 was the culmination of the evil effects of
+reconstruction. The rule of the alien and the negro was complete, with the
+latter holding the lion's share of the offices. The lieutenant-governor,
+secretary of state, superintendent of education, and commissioner of
+immigration and agriculture, all were negroes; both houses of the
+legislature had negro presiding officers; in the senate ten negroes held
+seats; of the seventy-seven Republicans in the house, fifty-five were
+negroes and fifteen were carpet-baggers; the majority of the county
+offices were filled by negroes, 90 per cent. of whom could neither read
+nor write.
+
+  DUNBAR ROWLAND
+    (_Mississippi in "Reconstruction"_)
+
+
+November Twentieth
+
+  Fleet on the tempest blown,
+    Far from the mountain dell,
+  Rose in their cloudy cone,
+    Elfin and Spell;
+  Woo'd by the spirit tone,
+    Trembling and chill,
+  Wandered a maiden lone,
+    On the bleak hill:
+  Mau-in-waun-du-me-nung,
+    Trembling and chill.
+                          JOSEPH SALYARDS
+
+
+November Twenty-First
+
+  Low in the moory dale,
+    Green mossy waters flow,
+  Under the drowsy gale,
+    Moaning and slow;
+  There in her snowy veil,
+    Bleeding and bound,
+  Lay the sweet damsel pale,
+    On the cold ground,
+  Mau-in-waun-du-me-nung,
+    On the cold ground.
+                          JOSEPH SALYARDS
+
+
+November Twenty-Second
+
+The history of that period, of the reconstruction period of the South, has
+never been fully told. It is only beginning to be written.
+
+  THOMAS NELSON PAGE
+
+_Convention in Louisiana disfranchising ex-Confederates, 1867_
+
+
+November Twenty-Third
+
+But talkin' the way I see it, a big feller and a little feller, SO-CALLED,
+got into a fite, and they fout and fout a long time, and everybody all
+round kep' hollerin' hands off, but kep' helpin' the big feller, until
+finally the little feller caved in and hollered enuff. He made a bully
+fite, I tell you, Selah. Well, what did the big feller do? Take him by the
+hand and help him up and brush the dirt off his clothes? Nary time! No,
+sur! But he kicked him arter he was down, and throwed mud on him, and drug
+him about and rubbed sand in his eyes, and now he's gwine about hunting up
+his poor little property. Wants to confiscate is, SO-CALLED. Blame my
+jacket if it ain't enuff to make your head swim.
+
+  BILL ARP
+    (_To Artemus Ward_)
+
+
+November Twenty-Fourth
+
+PROTEST AGAINST THE TARIFF, SOUTH CAROLINA, 1832
+
+The majority in Congress, in imposing protecting duties, which are utterly
+destructive of the interests of South Carolina, not only impose no
+burthens, but actually confer enriching bounties upon their constituents,
+proportioned to the burthens they impose upon us. Under these
+circumstances, the principle of representative responsibility is perverted
+into a principle of representative despotism. It is this very tie, binding
+the majority of Congress to execute the will of their constituents, which
+makes them our inexorable oppressors. They dare not open their hearts to
+the sentiments of human justice, or to the feelings of human sympathy.
+They are tyrants by the very necessity of their position, however elevated
+may be their principles in their individual capacities.
+
+  GEORGE MCDUFFIE
+    (_Address to the People of the United States_)
+
+_Ordinance of Nullification passed by South Carolina, 1832_
+
+_Battle of the Clouds, Lookout Mountain, 1863_
+
+
+November Twenty-Fifth
+
+PROTEST AGAINST THE WAR OF 1812, NEW ENGLAND
+
+The call of the Secretary of War for the militia of the States met blunt
+refusal from the Governors of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and
+Connecticut. The Assembly of the latter State sustained its Executive in a
+formal address which denounced the war and declared Connecticut to be a
+free, sovereign, and independent State, and that the United States was not
+a national but a confederated republic. President Madison was held up as
+an invader of the State's authority over her militia.
+
+  HENRY A. WHITE
+
+_Battle of Missionary Ridge, 1863_
+
+
+November Twenty-Sixth
+
+THE HOMESPUN DRESS
+
+  Oh, yes! I am a Southern girl,
+    And glory in the name,
+  And boast it with far greater pride
+    Than glittering wealth or fame.
+  I envy not the Northern girls
+    Their robes of beauty rare,
+  Though diamonds grace their snowy necks
+    And pearls bedeck their hair.
+
+            Hurrah, hurrah!
+  For the sunny South so dear.
+    Three cheers for the homespun dress
+  The Southern ladies wear.
+
+
+November Twenty-Seventh
+
+    But know, 'twas mine the secret power
+  That waked thee at the midnight hour
+    In bleak November's reign:
+  'Twas I the spell around thee cast,
+  When thou didst hear the hollow blast
+  In murmurs tell of pleasures past,
+    That ne'er would come again.
+                                WASHINGTON ALLSTON
+
+
+November Twenty-Eighth
+
+  The cruel fire that singed her robe died out in rainbow flashes,
+  And bright her silvery sandals shone above the hissing ashes!
+
+_Organization of Legislature in Carolina Hall after the election of
+General Hampton as Governor of South Carolina, 1876_
+
+
+November Twenty-Ninth
+
+My fellow-people, let me, in conclusion, congratulate you on having a
+Governor once more as is a Governor. Oh, there is life in the old land
+yet, and by and by we'll transport them black Republicans into the African
+desert, and put 'em to teaching Hottentots the right of suffrage. Winter
+Davis could then find a field of labor sufficient for the miserable
+remnant of his declining years. He is the winter of our discontent, and we
+want to get rid of him.
+
+  BILL ARP
+    (_On Hampton's Election_)
+
+
+November Thirtieth
+
+  Yon marble minstrel's voiceless stone
+    In deathless song shall tell,
+  When many a vanquished age hath flown,
+    The story how ye fell;
+  Nor wreck, nor change, nor winter's blight,
+    Nor Time's remorseless doom,
+  Shall dim one ray of glory's light
+    That gilds your deathless tomb.
+                                THEODORE O'HARA
+                                  (_From "The Bivouac of the Dead"_)
+
+_General Patrick R. Cleburne killed at Franklin, Tenn., 1864_
+
+
+
+
+December
+
+
+ICICLES AT THE SOUTH
+
+  The rain on the trees has ceased to freeze;
+    ('Twas molded with quaint device)
+  The bent boughs lean, like cimeters keen,
+    In scabbards of shining ice.
+
+  'Neath frozen cloaks the pines and oaks
+    Are stooping like Druids old,--
+  And the cedars stand--an arctic band--
+    Held in the clutch of cold.
+
+  Through the outer gloom the japonicas bloom,
+    With the lustre of rubies bright--
+  Like blossoms blown from a tropic zone,--
+    A marvellous land of light!
+                                WILLIAM HAMILTON HAYNE
+
+
+December First
+
+THE FIRST SNOW-FALL
+
+  The Fir-tree felt it with a thrill
+    And murmur of content;
+  The last dead Leaf its cable slipt
+    And from its moorings went;
+
+  The selfsame silent messenger,
+    To one that shibboleth
+  Of Life imparting, and to one,
+    The countersign of Death.
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+
+
+December Second
+
+The avengers whose lives he had attempted, whose wives and children he had
+devoted to the hideous brutality of insurgent Africans, spared him all
+indignities, even moral torture.
+
+  PERCY GREG
+    (England)
+
+_John Brown hanged, 1859_
+
+
+December Third
+
+The Black and Tan Convention met December 3, 1867, in our venerable and
+historic capital to frame a new constitution for the Old Dominion. In this
+body were members from New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Maine, Vermont,
+Connecticut, Maryland, District of Columbia, Ireland, Scotland, Nova
+Scotia, Canada, England; scalawags, or turn-coats, by Southerners most
+hated of all; twenty-four negroes; and in the total of 105, thirty-five
+white Virginians, from counties of excess white population, who might be
+considered representative of the State's culture and intelligence.
+
+  MYRTA LOCKETT AVARY
+
+_James Rumsey (1787) makes successful trial trip of the steamboat designed
+after the model of 1784, then witnessed by George Washington and others_
+
+
+December Fourth
+
+A BIT OF RECONSTRUCTION ORATORY
+
+"Mistah President, de real flatform, suh. I'll sw'ar tuh high Heaven. Yas,
+I'll sw'ar higher dan dat. I'll go down an' de uth shall crumble intuh
+dus' befor' dee shall amalgamise my rights. 'Bout dis question uh
+cyarpet-bags. Ef you cyarpet-baggers does go back on us, woes be unto you!
+You better take yo cyarpet-bags and quit, and de quicker you git up and
+git de better. I do not abdicate de supperstition tuh dese strange friens,
+lately so-called citizens uh Ferginny. Ef dee don' gimme my rights, I'll
+suffer dis country tuh be lak Sarah. I'll suffer desterlation fus!"...
+
+"I'se here tuh qualify my constituents. I'll sing tuh Rome an' tuh Englan'
+an' tuh de uttermos' parts uh de uth." ("You must address yourself to the
+chair," said that functionary, ready to faint.) "All right, suh, I'll not
+'sire tuh maintain de House any longer."
+
+  HON. LEWIS LINDSAY
+    (_From Stenographic Report_)
+
+
+December Fifth
+
+Religion is as necessary to reason as reason is to religion. The one
+cannot exist without the other. A reasoning being would lose his reason,
+in attempting to account for the great phenomena of nature, had he not a
+Supreme Being to refer to; and well has it been said that if there had
+been no God mankind would have been obliged to imagine one.
+
+  GEORGE WASHINGTON
+
+
+December Sixth
+
+CLEMENCY OF JEFFERSON DAVIS
+
+Honorable Jefferson Davis: My father, Harrison Self, is sentenced to hang
+at four o'clock this evening on a charge of bridge-burning. As he remains
+my earthly all, and all my hopes of happiness centre on him, I implore you
+to pardon him.
+
+  ELIZABETH SELF
+    (_Telegram which secured pardon for her father_)
+
+_Jefferson Davis dies, 1889_
+
+_The county of Kentucky formed from Virginia, 1776_
+
+_Duncan Nathaniel Ingraham, "Hero of the Koszta Rescue," born, 1802_
+
+
+December Seventh
+
+For years after the war, the Republican politicians in the South told the
+negroes that if the Democrats were elected, they would be put back into
+slavery. Consequently, after the first election of Cleveland, many of them
+began to make their arrangements to readapt themselves to the old regime.
+One old Virginia "aunty" living in Howard County, Maryland, announced that
+she was ready to return to Richmond; but declared most positively: "Deed,
+my ole Missus has got to send me my railroad ticket fust."
+
+
+December Eighth
+
+  Our one sweet singer breaks no more
+  The silence sad and long,
+  The land is hushed from shore to shore
+  It brooks no feebler song.
+                                CARL MCKINLEY
+
+_Henry Timrod born, 1829_
+
+_Joel Chandler Harris born, 1848_
+
+
+December Ninth
+
+JOEL CHANDLER HARRIS
+
+It would be difficult to estimate the good done by a man like Harris, who
+brings a sense of relaxation and a thrill of pleasure to countless readers
+round the world. Such a man becomes a public benefactor. To-day men are
+better citizens, life's tasks are easier, the roads are lighter, and
+heaven is nearer to earth because of the cheerful, hopeful, mirthful
+stories of Uncle Remus.
+
+  HENRY STILES BRADLEY
+
+_Lord Dunmore defeated by Colonel Woodford at Battle of Great Bridge,
+Virginia, 1775_
+
+
+December Tenth
+
+  Mt. Vernon, 31 Jan. 1786
+
+Sir:--If you have no cause to change your opinion respecting your
+mechanical boat, and reasons unknown to me do not exist to delay the
+exhibition of it, I would advise you to give it to the public as soon as
+it can be prepared conveniently.... Should a mechanical genius hit upon
+your plan, or something similar to it, I need not add that it would place
+you in an awkward situation and perhaps disconcert all your prospects
+concerning this useful discovery....
+
+  GEORGE WASHINGTON
+    (_Letter to James Rumsey_)
+
+_Mississippi admitted to the Union, 1817_
+
+
+December Eleventh
+
+Mr. Rumsey's steamboat, with more than half her loading (which was upwards
+of three ton) and a number of people on board, made a progress of four
+miles in one hour against the current of Potomac River, by the force of
+steam, without any external application whatsoever.
+
+    (_Virginian Gazette and Winchester Advertiser, Jan. 11, 1788_)
+
+_Second trip of Rumsey's steamboat at Shepherdstown, Va., in boat designed
+after model of 1784_
+
+
+December Twelfth
+
+I have taken the greatest pains to perfect another kind of boat, _upon the
+principles I mentioned to you at Richmond_, in November last, and have the
+pleasure to inform you that I have brought it to a great perfection ...
+and I have quite convinced myself that boats of passage may be made to go
+against the current of the _Mississippi_ or _Ohio_ rivers, or in the _Gulf
+Stream_ (from the _Leeward_ to the _Windward_-Islands) from sixty to one
+hundred miles per day. I know this will appear strange and improbable to
+many persons, yet I am very certain it may be performed, besides, it is
+simple (when understood) and is also strictly philosophical.
+
+  JAMES RUMSEY
+    (_In letter to George Washington after construction of steamboat model
+      seen in action by the latter in 1784_)
+
+
+December Thirteenth
+
+On part of the field the Union dead lay three deep. So fearful was the
+slaughter that our men at certain points on the line cried out to the
+advancing Federal forces, "Go back; we don't want to kill you all!" Still
+they pressed forward in the face of despair, and they fell in the
+unshrinking station where they fought. In six months Lee had effaced Pope,
+checked McClellan, and crushed Burnside--June 25 to December 13, 1862.
+
+  HENRY E. SHEPHERD
+
+_Burnside repulsed at Fredericksburg, 1862_
+
+
+December Fourteenth
+
+Washington stands alone and unapproachable, like a snow-peak rising above
+its fellows into the clear air of morning, with a dignity, constancy and
+purity which have made him the ideal type of civic virtue to succeeding
+generations.
+
+  JAMES BRYCE
+    (England)
+
+_George Washington dies, 1799_
+
+
+December Fifteenth
+
+Of late I have opened a pawnbroker's shop for my hard-pressed brethren in
+feathers, lending at a fearful rate of interest; for every borrowing
+Lazarus will have to pay me back in due time by monthly instalments of
+singing. I shall have mine own again with usury. But were a man never so
+usurious, would he not lend a winter seed for a summer song? Would he
+refuse to invest his stale crumbs in an orchestra of divine instruments
+and a choir of heavenly voices?
+
+  JAMES LANE ALLEN
+
+
+December Sixteenth
+
+  I fill this cup to one made up
+    Of loveliness alone,
+  A woman, of her gentle sex
+    The seeming paragon;
+  To whom the better elements
+    And kindly stars have given
+  A form so fair, that, like the air,
+    'Tis less of earth than heaven.
+                                EDWARD C. PINKNEY
+                                  ("_A Health_")
+
+
+December Seventeenth
+
+  Her every tone is music's own,
+    Like those of morning birds,
+  And something more than melody
+    Dwells ever in her words;
+  The coinage of her heart are they,
+    And from her lips each flows
+  As one may see the burdened bee
+    Forth issue from the rose.
+                                EDWARD C. PINKNEY
+                                  ("_A Health_")
+
+
+December Eighteenth
+
+    ... Nay, more! in death's despite
+  The crippled skeleton "learned to write."
+  "Dear mother," at first, of course; and then
+  "Dear Captain," inquiring about the men.
+  Captain's answer: "Of eighty-and-five,
+  Giffen and I are left alive."
+                                FRANCIS O. TICKNOR
+                                  ("_Little Giffen_")
+
+_Francis O. Ticknor dies, 1874_
+
+
+December Nineteenth
+
+  Word of gloom from the war, one day;
+  Johnston pressed at the front, they say.
+  Little Giffen was up and away;
+  A tear--his first--as he bade good-bye,
+  Dimmed the glint of his steel-blue eye.
+  "I'll write, if spared!" There was news of the fight;
+  But none of Giffen.--He did not write.
+                                          FRANCIS O. TICKNOR
+
+_Crittenden's compromise opposed by dominant party in Congress, 1860_
+
+Some of the manufacturing states think that a fight would be awful.
+Without a little bloodletting this Union will not, in my estimation, be
+worth a rush.
+
+  Z. CHANDLER
+    (_Senator from Michigan_)
+
+
+December Twentieth
+
+The Convention of 1787 was composed of members, a majority of whom were
+elected to reject the Federal Constitution; and it was only after the
+clause declaring that "the power granted under the Constitution being
+derived from the people of the United States, may be resumed by them
+whensoever the same shall be perverted to their injury and oppression, and
+that every power not granted thereby remains with them at their will," was
+inserted in the ordinance of ratification, that six or more of the
+majority opposed to the measure consented to vote for it. Even with this
+accession of strength the Constitution was carried only by a vote of 89 to
+79.
+
+  (_From Editorial Article in Charleston "Courier," 1861_)
+
+_South Carolina secedes, 1860_
+
+
+December Twenty-First
+
+RESOLVED.... As the powers of legislation, granted in the Constitution of
+the United States to Congress, do not embrace a case of the admission of a
+foreign State or Territory, by legislation, into the Union, such an act of
+admission would have no binding force whatever on the people of
+Massachusetts.
+
+  (_Resolutions of Massachusetts Legislature, 1845. Nullification?_)
+
+_President Tyler urges annexation of Texas, 1844_
+
+
+December Twenty-Second
+
+  Bowing her head to the dust of the earth,
+    Smitten and stricken is she;
+  Light after light gone out from her hearth,
+    Son after son from her knee.
+  Bowing her head to the dust at her feet,
+    Weeping her beautiful slain;
+  Silence! keep silence for aye in the street--
+    See! they are coming again!
+                                ALETHEA S. BURROUGHS
+
+_Sherman enters Savannah, 1864_
+
+_Reconstruction Act put in effect in Georgia, 1869_
+
+
+December Twenty-Third
+
+The glory of your virtues will not terminate with your military command;
+it will continue to animate remote ages.
+
+  (_President of Congress, to General Washington_)
+
+_Washington resigns his commission as Commander-in-Chief, Annapolis, 1783_
+
+
+December Twenty-Fourth
+
+CHRISTMAS EVE
+
+  The moon is in a tranquil mood;
+    The silent skies are bland:
+  Only the spirits of the good
+    Go musing up the land:
+  The sea is wrapped in mist and rest;
+  It is the night that God hath blest.
+                                DANSKE DANDRIDGE
+
+
+December Twenty-Fifth
+
+  To the cradle-bough of a naked tree,
+    Benumbed with ice and snow,
+  A Christmas dream brought suddenly
+    A birth of mistletoe.
+
+  The shepherd stars from their fleecy cloud
+    Strode out on the night to see;
+  The Herod north-wind blustered loud
+    To rend it from the tree.
+
+  But the old year took it for a sign,
+    And blessed it in his heart:
+  "With prophecy of peace divine,
+    Let now my soul depart."
+                                JOHN B. TABB
+                                  (_Mistletoe_)
+
+
+December Twenty-Sixth
+
+  Now praise to God that ere his grace
+    Was scorned and he reviled
+  He looked into his mother's face,
+    A little helpless child.
+  And praise to God that ere men strove
+    Above his tomb in war
+  One loved him with a mother's love,
+    Nor knew a creed therefor.
+                                JOHN CHARLES MCNEILL
+                                  (_A Christmas Hymn_)
+
+
+December Twenty-Seventh
+
+    Hear the sledges with the bells--
+      Silver bells!
+  What a world of merriment their melody foretells!
+    How they tinkle, tinkle, tinkle,
+      In the icy air of night!
+    While the stars, that oversprinkle
+    All the heavens, seem to twinkle
+      With a crystalline delight;
+    Keeping time, time, time,
+    In a sort of Runic rhyme,
+  To the tintinnabulation that so musically wells
+    From the bells, bells, bells, bells,
+      Bells, bells, bells--
+  From the jingling and the tinkling of the bells.
+                                          EDGAR ALLAN POE
+
+
+December Twenty-Eighth
+
+  In the future some historian shall come forth both strong and wise,
+  With a love of the Republic, and the truth, before his eyes.
+  He will show the subtle causes of the war between the States,
+  He will go back in his studies far beyond our modern dates,
+  He will trace our hostile ideas as the miner does the lodes,
+  He will show the different habits born of different social codes,
+  He will show the Union riven, and the picture will deplore,
+  He will show it re-united and made stronger than before.
+                                                        JAMES BARRON HOPE
+
+
+December Twenty-Ninth
+
+  Slow and patient, fair and truthful must the coming teacher be
+  To show how the knife was sharpened that was ground to prune the tree.
+  He will hold the Scales of Justice, he will measure praise and blame,
+  And the South will stand the verdict, and will stand it without shame.
+                                                      JAMES BARRON HOPE
+
+_Texas admitted to the Union, 1845_
+
+
+December Thirtieth
+
+  I changed my name when I got free
+    To "Mister" like the res',
+  But now dat I am going Home,
+    I likes de ol' name bes'.
+
+  Sweet voices callin' "Uncle Rome"
+    Seem ringin' in my ears;
+  An' swearin' sorter sociable,--
+    Ol' Master's voice I hears.
+
+         *       *       *       *
+
+  He's passed Heaven's River now, an' soon
+    He'll call across its foam:
+  "You, Rome, you damn ol' nigger,
+    Loose your boat an' come on Home!"
+                                HOWARD WEEDEN
+
+
+December Thirty-First
+
+  'Tis midnight's holy hour--and silence now
+  Is brooding, like a gentle spirit, o'er
+  The still and pulseless world. Hark! on the winds,
+  The bells' deep notes are swelling. 'Tis the knell
+  Of the departed year. No funeral train
+  Is sweeping past; yet on the stream and wood,
+  With melancholy light, the moonbeams rest
+  Like a pale, spotless shroud; the air is stirred,
+  As by a mourner's sigh; and on yon cloud,
+  That floats so still and placidly through heaven,
+  The spirits of the seasons seem to stand--
+  Young Spring, bright Summer, Autumn's solemn form,
+  And Winter, with his aged locks--and breathe
+  In mournful cadences, that come abroad
+  Like the far wind harp's wild and touching wail,
+  A melancholy dirge o'er the dead Year,
+  Gone from the earth forever.
+                                          GEORGE DENISON PRENTICE
+
+_Battle of Murfreesboro, Tenn., 1862_
+
+
+
+
+Index
+
+
+                                                                      PAGE
+
+  _Alabama_, the, fight with the _Kearsarge_. June 19                  140
+
+  Alamance Creek, Battle of. May 16                                    118
+
+  Alamo, the. Mch. 6                                                    65
+
+  Antietam, Battle of. Sept. 17                                        212
+
+  _Arkansas_, the, destroyed. Aug. 6                                   180
+
+  Ashby, Gen. Turner. June 6                                           131
+
+  Assembly, first legislative in America. July 30                      172
+
+  Atlanta, evacuation of. Sept. 1, 2                                   200
+
+  Audubon, John James. May 4                                           109
+
+
+  Bacon, Nathaniel, epitaph. Jan. 2                                     15
+
+  Bagby, George W. Aug. 13                                             185
+
+  Baltimore, in first bloodshed of the War. April 19                    97
+
+  Benjamin, Judah P. May 6                                             111
+
+  _Bonnie Blue Flag_, the. Jan. 10, 12                              21, 23
+
+  Boston, A Southern view. Mch. 12                                      69
+
+  Breckinridge, John C. May 17; Aug. 10                           118, 183
+
+  Brooke, John Mercer, constructor of the first ironclad. Mch. 9        67
+
+  Brown, John, execution. Dec. 2                                       268
+    Raid at Harper's Ferry. Oct. 16, 17                           230, 231
+
+
+  Calhoun, John C. Mch. 18                                              74
+    Nationalism of. Mch. 31                                             81
+
+  Carroll, Charles of Carrollton. Nov. 14                              255
+
+  Charleston "Courier" on Secession. Dec. 20                           280
+
+  Chickamauga, Battle of. Sept. 20                                     215
+
+  Clark, George Rogers. Feb. 23, 24      53, 54
+
+  Clark and Lewis, Northwestern expedition. May 14                     116
+
+  Clay, Henry. June 29                                                 148
+
+  Coercion, opposed by border States. Apr. 16, 17, 18;
+        May 20                                             94, 95, 96, 119
+
+  Confederacy, fall of. Apr. 8, 9, 10, 11                   87, 88, 89, 90
+    Surrender of last army. May 26                                     122
+
+  Cornwallis, surrender of. Oct. 19                                    233
+
+  Crittenden, compromise of. Dec. 19                                   279
+
+  Crockett, Col. David. Aug. 17                                        188
+
+  Custis, Hon. John, epitaph. July 11                                  158
+
+
+  Davis, Jefferson. June 3; Dec. 6                                129, 271
+    Imprisonment. May 23, 24                                           121
+
+  Democrats, negro view of. Dec. 7                                     272
+
+  Dixie, new version. Jan. 31; April 25; May 21               36, 102, 120
+
+
+  Easter, selections for. April 4, 5                                    86
+
+  Emancipation. Jan. 11; Feb. 12; Aug. 1, 2, 3;
+        Sept. 3                                 22, 45, 176, 177, 178, 201
+    Lincoln on. Sept. 22                                               216
+    Southern view of. Feb. 28; June 2; Oct. 16                58, 129, 230
+
+
+  Forrest, N. B. July 13                                               159
+    Address to soldiers. Oct. 27                                       239
+    Tributes to. Oct. 21, 26, 29, 30, 31                235, 238, 240, 241
+
+  Fort Sullivan, defence of. June 28                                   147
+
+  Fort Sumter, attempts to reinforce. Jan. 9                            20
+    Capture of. April 14                                                92
+    Firing upon. April 12                                               91
+
+  Frederick, Md., occupied by Confederates. Sept. 9                    206
+
+  Fredericksburg, Battle of. Dec. 13                                   276
+
+  Frietchie, Barbara, in reference to "Stonewall" Jackson. Sept. 6     204
+
+
+  Gettysburg, Battle of. July 1, 2, 3, 4                150, 151, 152, 153
+
+  Gordon, Gen. Geo. H., remarks on Jackson's soldiers. Aug. 28         195
+
+  Gordon, Gen. John B. Feb. 6                                           41
+
+  Grady, Henry W. April 24                                             101
+
+
+  Hampton, Gen. Wade. Mch. 28                                           79
+
+  Harris, Joel Chandler. Dec. 9                                        273
+
+  Hayne, Paul Hamilton. Jan. 1                                          14
+
+  Henry, Patrick. May 29                                               125
+
+  Hill, Gen. A. P. April 2                                              85
+
+  Hill, Gen. D. H. July 12                                             159
+
+  Houston, Samuel, inaugurated president of Texas. Oct. 22             236
+
+
+  Insurrection, the Southampton. Aug. 1, 2, 3                176, 177, 178
+
+
+  Jackson, Gov. C. F., declaration of secession. Aug. 5                179
+
+  Jackson, Andrew. Mch. 15                                              71
+
+  Jackson, "Stonewall." Jan. 21                                         30
+    Bill Arp's view of. Sept. 16                                       211
+    Capture of Harper's Ferry. Sept. 15                                211
+    Death. May 10                                                      113
+    Wounded. May 2                                                     108
+
+  Jamestown, first legislative assembly met. July 30                   172
+    Reference to. June 20                                              141
+    Settled. May 13                                                    115
+
+  Jefferson, Thomas. April 13                                           92
+    On Louisiana Purchase. April 30                                    105
+
+  Johnston, General Albert Sidney. April 6                              86
+
+  Johnston, General Jos. E. Feb. 7                                      41
+
+
+  Kansas, formed as territory. May 30                                  125
+
+  Kennedy, John P. Oct. 25                                             238
+
+  King's Mountain, Battle of. Oct. 9                                   226
+
+  Ku Klux Klan. Feb. 20, 21, July 31                           50, 51, 173
+
+
+  Lanier, Sidney. Feb. 3                                                39
+    Tabb's tribute to. Sept. 8                                         206
+
+  Laurens, John. Aug. 27                                               194
+
+  Lee, Anne Carter, monument to. Aug. 8                                182
+
+  Lee, Henrietta, letter to Gen. Hunter. July 19                       164
+
+  Lee, Henry. Jan. 29                                                   34
+
+  Lee, Robert E. Jan. 19                                                29
+    Accepts presidency of Washington College. Aug. 24                  192
+    Elected president of Washington College. Aug. 4                    178
+    First Northern invasion. Sept. 13                                  209
+    Hill's tribute to. Oct. 12                                         228
+    Issues Chambersburg order. June 27                                 147
+    Marries. June 30                                                   148
+    Resigns commission in United States Army. April 20                  98
+    Sent to the rear. May 12                                           114
+    Surrender at Appomattox. April 9                                    88
+    The unselfish leader. Oct. 14                                      229
+
+  Lent, selections for. Mch. 19, 20                                 74, 75
+
+  Lewis, Meriwether. Oct. 11                                           227
+
+  Lincoln, Abraham, death of. April 15                                  93
+    On abolition. Feb. 12                                               45
+    On negro suffrage. Feb. 11; Aug. 12                            44, 184
+
+  Literature, first of the New World. Mch. 13                           70
+
+  Louisiana Territory, acquired from France. Apr. 30                   105
+
+
+  Manassas, first Battle of. July 21                                   166
+
+  Marshall, Chief Justice. Sept. 24                                    217
+
+  Meade, Gen. Geo. Gordon, Southern tribute to. July 1                 150
+
+
+  Negro, status of. Sept. 11                                           208
+
+  New Orleans, Liberty Place Anniversary. Sept. 14                     210
+
+  North Point, Battle of. Sept. 12                                     208
+
+  Nullification, Northern view of. Nov. 25; Dec. 21               263, 281
+    Southern view of. Nov. 24                                          262
+
+
+  O'Hara, Theodore. July 20                                            165
+
+  Old South, life in the. Sept. 11, 21                            208, 216
+
+  Oliver, Thaddeus. Aug. 9                                             182
+
+
+  _Peggy Stewart_, burning of the. Oct. 19                             233
+
+  Poe, Edgar Allan. Oct. 7, 8                                     224, 225
+    First monument erected to. Nov. 17                                 258
+
+  Pope, Gen. John, Address to the Army of Potomac. Aug. 26             193
+
+  Polk, James Knox. Nov. 2                                             244
+
+  Port Hudson, fall of. July 9                                         156
+
+  Prisoners, mortality of. Nov. 11                                     252
+    Of war, exchange of. Nov. 9, 10, 12, 13             250, 251, 253, 254
+
+
+  Raleigh, Sir Walter. July 16                                         162
+
+  Reconstruction. Jan. 4; Mch. 2; Aug. 21; Oct. 21;
+        Nov. 19, 22; Dec. 3, 4        16, 62, 190, 235, 259, 261, 269, 270
+    Bill Arp's view of. Oct. 18; Nov. 23, 29                 232, 261, 265
+    End of. July 15                                                    161
+    Foreshadowed. April 15                                              93
+    Negro oratory on. Dec. 4                                           270
+    A prophecy of 1869. June 26                                        146
+
+  Religious Freedom in Maryland. Mch. 25, 27; Apr. 21           77, 78, 99
+
+  Rumsey, James, letter to, from Geo. Washington. Sept. 7              205
+
+  Rumsey, trial of the steamboat. Dec. 10, 11, 12                 274, 275
+
+  Ryan, Abram J. Aug. 15                                               186
+
+
+  Sandys, George, first author of the New World. Mch. 13                70
+
+  Secession. Jan. 9, 11; Apr. 17; Aug. 5                   20, 22, 95, 179
+    From the Northern standpoint. Jan. 13, 26, 27;
+        Mch. 24; May 6, 11                                 23, 33, 77, 111
+    From the Southern standpoint. Jan. 10, 28;
+        Feb. 5, 8, 9, 10, 18; Mch. 30       21, 34, 40, 42, 43, 45, 48, 80
+    South Carolina. Dec. 20                                            280
+
+  Semmes, Admiral Raphael. Sept. 27, 28                                219
+
+  Seven Days' Battle, beginning of. June 25                            145
+
+  Sharpsburg, Attack at. Sept. 18                                      213
+
+  _Shenandoah_, surrenders last Confederate flag. Nov. 5, 6       246, 247
+
+  Slavery. Jan. 4; Feb. 9, 28; Aug. 1, 2, 3;
+        Sept. 3, 21                    16, 42, 58, 176, 177, 178, 201, 216
+    Bagby's view of. Oct. 16                                           230
+    Northern view of. Jan. 13, 26, 27; Mch. 24;
+        May 6; Sept. 5                                23, 33, 77, 111, 203
+    From the Southern standpoint. Jan. 10, 28;
+        Feb. 8, 9, 10, 18; Mch. 30                  21, 34, 42, 43, 48, 80
+
+  _Star Spangled Banner_ Anniversary. Sept. 14                         210
+
+  Stephens, Alex. H. Mch. 4                                             64
+
+  Stuart, Gen. J. E. B. May 11                                         114
+    Address to soldiers. Oct. 10                                       227
+
+  Suffrage, Negro. Nov. 1                                              244
+    Negro restriction of. Aug. 12                                      184
+
+
+  Tabb, John Banister. Mch. 22                                          76
+
+  Tariff, South Carolina's protest. Nov. 24                            262
+
+  Taney, Chief Justice. Oct. 13                                        229
+
+  Texas. Mch. 23                                                        76
+
+  Ticknor, Francis O. Dec. 18                                          278
+
+  Tilghman, Col. Tench, ride of. Oct. 23                               237
+
+  Timrod, Henry. Oct. 6                                                224
+    Tribute to. Dec. 8                                                 272
+
+  _Trent_, The, affair of. Nov. 8                                      249
+
+  Tyler, John. Mch. 29                                                  79
+
+
+  Union, the, restored. July 15                                        161
+
+
+  Veteran, United Confederate, Northern tribute to. June 10            134
+
+  Virginia, conquering of Northwestern territory. Feb. 23, 24       53, 54
+    Opposition to Boston Port Bill. May 15                             117
+    Cession of Northwestern territory. Oct. 20                         234
+    Secession from, of West Virginia. June 20                          141
+    Two views of. Mch. 11                                               68
+    University of. Mch. 7                                               65
+
+  _Virginia_, the, challenges _Monitor_. May 8                         112
+    First iron-clad. Mch. 8, 9                                      66, 67
+
+  Washington, Geo. Feb. 22; Dec. 14                                52, 276
+    Resigns commission. Dec. 23                                        282
+
+  War Times. Jan. 17, 18; April 26                             27, 28, 103
+    Northern view of. Feb. 17, 26                                   48, 56
+
+  West Virginia, secession from Virginia sustained by
+        Federal Government. June 20                                    141
+
+  Wilde, Richard Henry. Sept. 10                                       207
+
+  Wilderness, Battle of. May 5                                         110
+
+  William and Mary College, Northern tribute to. Feb. 14                46
+
+  Wirz, Henry, execution of. Nov. 10                                   251
+
+  Women, the Southern. Mch. 3; June 5                              63, 131
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's The Dixie Book of Days, by Matthew Page Andrews
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 41474 ***