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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 41195 ***
+
+[Illustration: _Shrine of Edward the Confessor._
+
+WESTMINSTER ABBEY.]
+
+
+
+
+  Historical Description
+  OF
+  WESTMINSTER ABBEY;
+  ITS
+  Monuments and Curiosities.
+
+
+  [Illustration]
+
+
+  PRINTED FOR THE VERGERS IN THE ABBEY,
+  BY JAS. TRUSCOTT AND SON, SUFFOLK LANE, CANNON STREET, CITY.
+
+
+
+
+OF ADMISSION.
+
+
+_The North and West doors are open to Visitors. Guides are in attendance,
+from nine until six every day, except_ SUNDAY, CHRISTMAS DAY, _and_ GOOD
+FRIDAY. _The Abbey is not open to Visitors after the Afternoon Service
+during the Winter Months._
+
+
+
+
+THE SERVICES.
+
+
+_On Sunday the entrance to the Abbey is by the North and South Transepts.
+Divine Service at_ 8 A.M., _at_ 10 A.M., _and at_ 3 P.M.; _and from Easter
+to the end of July, at_ 7 P.M. _At the usual Sunday Services, and on Saint
+and Holy Days, at_ 10 A.M., _there is a Sermon. The Holy Communion is
+celebrated on the first Sunday in the month, at the_ 10 A.M. _Service, and
+on other Sundays (except when otherwise ordered) at_ 8 A.M.
+
+The names of the several Chapels, beginning from the south cross, and so
+passing round to the north cross, are in order as follows:--1. St.
+Benedict; 2. St. Edmund; 3. St. Nicholas; 4. Henry VII.; 5. St. Paul; 6.
+St. Edward the Confessor; 7. St. John; 8. Islip's Chapel, dedicated to St.
+John the Baptist; 9. St. John, St. Michael, and St. Andrew. The three last
+are now laid together. The Chapel of Edward the Confessor stands, as it
+were, in the centre, and is enclosed in the body of the Church. Keep on
+your right, and the Chapel of St. Benedict is adjoining the Tombs-gate, in
+which Chapel several Deans were buried. Dean Ireland was buried in front
+of Camden's monument, in the same grave with Mr. Gifford, his associate
+through life.
+
+    Several men intercept all persons as they approach the Abbey, to show
+    them the Courts of Law, Westminster Hall, &c., which are open all day;
+    persons attending to them are oft-times prevented from seeing the
+    Church for that day, as the hours of service intervene.
+
+
+
+
+WESTMINSTER ABBEY.
+
+
+
+
+Of the Foundation of the Abbey.
+
+
+Of the Founding of an Abbey on Thorney Island, where that of Westminster
+now stands, there are so many miraculous stories related by monkish
+writers, that the recital of them now would hardly be endured. Even the
+relations of ancient historians have been questioned by Sir Christopher
+Wren, who was employed to survey the present edifice, and who, upon the
+nicest examination, found nothing to countenance the general belief, "that
+it was erected on the ruins of a Pagan Temple." No fragments of Roman
+workmanship were discovered in any part of the building, many of which
+must undoubtedly have been intermixed among the materials, if a Roman
+temple had existed before on the same spot.
+
+Nor is the dedication of the first Abbey less involved in mystery than the
+founding of it. The legend says that Sebert, King of the East Saxons, who
+died in 616, ordered Melitus, then Bishop of London, to perform the
+ceremony; but that St. Peter himself was beforehand with him, and
+consecrated it in the night preceding the day appointed by his Majesty for
+that purpose, accompanied by angels, and surrounded by a glorious
+appearance of burning lights.
+
+That this legend continued to be believed after the building itself was
+destroyed, will appear by a charter which we shall have occasion to
+mention hereafter; and though nothing can with certainty be concluded from
+these fictions, yet it may be presumed, that both the ancient church
+dedicated to St. Paul, in London, and this dedicated to St. Peter, in
+Westminster, were among the earliest works of the first converts to
+Christianity in Britain. With their new religion, they introduced a new
+manner of building; and their great aim seems to have been, by affecting
+loftiness and ornament, to bring the plain simplicity of the Pagan
+architects into contempt.
+
+Historians, agreeable to the legend, have fixed the era of the first Abbey
+in the sixth century, and ascribed to Sebert the honour of conducting the
+work, and completing that part of it, at least, which now forms the east
+angle, which probably was all that was included in the original plan.
+
+After the death of that pious Prince, his sons, relapsing into Paganism,
+totally deserted the church which their father had been so zealous to
+erect and endow; nor was it long before the Danes destroyed what the
+Saxons had thus contemptuously neglected.
+
+From this period to the reign of Edward the Confessor, the first Abbey
+remained a monument of the sacrilegious fury of the times; but, by the
+prevailing influence of Christianity in that reign, the ruins of the
+ancient building were cleared away, and a most magnificent structure, for
+that age, erected in their place. In its form it bore the figure of a
+cross, which afterwards became a pattern for cathedral-building throughout
+the kingdom. That politic Prince, to ingratiate himself with his clergy,
+not only confirmed all former endowments, but granted a new charter, in
+which he recited the account of St. Peter's consecration, the ravages of
+the Danes, and the motives which prompted him to restore the sacred
+edifice to its former splendour, and endow it with more ample powers and
+privileges. This charter concluded with solemn imprecations against all
+who should in time to come, dare to deface or to demolish any part of the
+building, or to infringe the rights of its priesthood.
+
+Henry III. not only pulled down and enlarged the plan of this ancient
+Abbey, but added a Chapel, which he dedicated to the Blessed Virgin; but
+it was not till the reign of Henry VII. that the stately and magnificent
+Chapel now known by his name was planned and executed. Of this Chapel, the
+first stone was laid on the 24th January, 1502, and when completed was
+dedicated, like the former Chapel, to the Blessed Virgin. Henry, designing
+this as a burying-place for himself and his successors, expressly enjoined
+by his will, that none but those of the blood-royal should be inhumed
+therein.
+
+From the death of Henry VII. till the reign of William and Mary, no care
+was taken to repair or preserve the ancient church. By the robberies made
+upon it by Henry VIII., and the ravages it sustained during the unhappy
+civil commotions, its ancient beauty was in a great measure destroyed; nor
+did their Majesties go about to restore it, till it became an object of
+parliamentary attention, and till a considerable sum was voted for that
+purpose only. This vote being passed, Sir Christopher Wren was employed to
+decorate it and give it a thorough repair, which that able architect so
+skilfully and faithfully executed, that the building is thought at this
+day to want none of its original strength, and to have even acquired
+additional majesty by two new towers.
+
+In 1803 the lantern of the Abbey was destroyed by fire, owing to the
+negligence of the plumbers, who were employed in repairing the lead flat.
+This part being the junction of four long timber roofs, it was a merciful
+providence the whole of this much-esteemed, august, and venerable pile,
+had not been utterly consumed. The young gentlemen of Westminster School
+highly distinguished themselves by their exertions for the preservation of
+the church. The room is handsomely finished, and more suitable with the
+rest of the building than the old one.
+
+_General Admeasurements of the Interior of the Abbey._
+
+                                                       Ft.   In.
+  Length from East to West                             375    0
+  Breadth from North to South                          200    0
+    Do.   of Nave and Aisles                            75    0
+  Height from Pavement to Inner Roof                   101    0
+    Do.         do.    to the Roof of the Lantern      140    0
+
+The new Choir, designed by Mr. Blore, Architect to the Abbey, is in the
+style of architecture which prevailed during the reign of Edward the
+Third; and executed by Mr. Ruddle, of Peterborough, in 1848.
+
+The Dean and Sub-dean's stalls are on either side of the arch, and are
+alike in general design, but that of the Dean being more elaborate in
+ornamental detail. They are octagonal in plan, and have projecting groined
+canopies, with pediments springing from moulded shafts with carved caps;
+above the canopies rise an octagonal turret with a spire. The arch is
+enclosed under a triangular pediment, the space between the pediment and
+the arch being filled with tracery; the centre of which is a cinque foil
+enclosing a shield bearing the arms of Edward the Confessor; the ground of
+this is carved, and the hollows of the pediment and arch mouldings are
+filled with four-leaved flower peculiar to the style.
+
+The Canons' stalls have groined canopies with pediments, and the space
+between the pediment and canopy filled with open tracery; the canopies
+spring from slender moulded shafts with carved capitals, and are separated
+by buttresses terminating in pinnacles between the pediments.
+
+The pew fronts are worked in tracery with deep mouldings, and the panels
+are divided into compartments by buttresses decorated with tracery,
+crockets, and finials.
+
+The caps and poppy-heads of the desk ends, and the ornamental accessories
+of the stall work and pews, are carved to represent the foliage of ivy,
+maple, oak, willow, hop, vine, &c. The carving and tracery exhibit a great
+variety of design, and are entirely the production of hand labour; the
+total number of stalls is fifty-two.
+
+The Organ, which formerly stood in the centre, and consequently obstructed
+the view from west to east, was, in 1848, entirely rebuilt by Mr. Hill,
+New Road, London. It is placed on the north, south, east, and west sides
+of the screen, and has three cases. The two principal cases, viz., those
+under the north and south arches, contain, respectively, the "great" and
+"swell": the "solo" and part of the "pedal" organs being placed on the
+west side, and the small case on the east side of the screen facing the
+choir contains the "choir" organ. The organist sits behind the latter
+organ, where the manuals, or key boards, are placed. It may easily be
+imagined, that to connect these distinct organs with the manuals and
+pedals, and thus bring them under the command of the performer, was an
+undertaking of no ordinary difficulty. It has, however, been successfully
+accomplished by Mr. Hill, who has, by means of a nice mechanical
+adjustment, succeeded in producing a perfectly easy and light touch. The
+instrument is now considered one of the finest, as regards tone and
+construction, in the kingdom. Number of stops, fifty-five, the majority of
+the pedal stops, being on the great organ sound board.
+
+The marble pavement of the choir was given by Dr. Busby, who was buried
+beneath it in 1695.
+
+The length of the choir, from iron-gate to altar-rail, is one hundred and
+sixteen feet six inches; sacrarium, twenty-four feet six inches; altar,
+fourteen feet six inches; full length, from iron-gate to altar screen, one
+hundred and fifty-five feet six inches; breadth, thirty-five feet six
+inches.
+
+
+
+
+The New Reredos.
+
+
+The Reredos, which is recently put up, is chiefly of white and coloured
+alabaster from Staffordshire, but combined with a reddish spar from
+Cornwall: the latter material being adopted from its hardness to give
+greater strength to the more prominent parts, and from its deeper tone to
+give a variety of colour to some of the features of the work, which, if it
+had been made wholly of one material, would have appeared monotonous. It
+consists of a facade occupying the whole space between two main pillars,
+having two doors, one on each side of the altar, giving access to the
+shrine behind. The doorways are arched and richly moulded, and the hollows
+are filled with bold carving deeply undercut. On either side of each door
+is a large canopied niche with pedestal, in which are figures of Moses,
+St. Peter, St. Paul, and David; and on the inner side of each large niche
+are two smaller ones placed vertically. These niches are all most
+elaborately wrought with tabernacle work, richly groined and surrounded
+with pierced tracery, carved bratishing, and complexly terminated with
+pinnacles, flying buttresses, and spires, all profusely crocketed and
+finialed. The whole is surmounted with a carved and sculptured cornice of
+bold proportions. The sculpture, which lies in a large and deep hollow
+moulding, contains, like the side towards the shrine, fourteen subjects,
+but they are all scriptural. They are as follow:--1. The Annunciation; 2.
+The Birth; 3. The Adoration; 4. The Baptism; 5. The First Miracle; 6.
+Preaching to the Multitude; 7. Gathering the Fragments; 8. Raising of
+Lazarus; 9. Triumphal Entry; 10. Agony in the Garden; 11. The Crucifixion;
+12. The Resurrection; 13. The Ascension; 14. The Gift of Tongues. Among
+these are interspersed on shields in trefoils the following monograms and
+emblems:--Alpha and Omega, Agnus Dei, The Chalice, I.H.C., Instruments of
+the Passion, A Glorified Cross, The Descending Dove. Above the sculpture
+is a hollow moulding filled with richly carved foliage deeply undercut,
+and above all is a rich course of carved strawberry-leaf bratishing.
+
+In the space between the inner niches and above the table is a recess
+wherein is placed an elaborate and minutely finished picture of the Last
+Supper, in Venetian glass mosaic. It is of large size, and is admirably
+designed and executed.
+
+The table, which is composed of black and green marble, stands on an
+elaborately wrought frame of cedar wood. Besides five sculptured panels,
+and figures of the Evangelists between pillars, it is otherwise richly
+carved and studded with inlays. The subjects are:--1. Adam and Eve in
+Paradise; 2. Their Expulsion; 3. The Crucifixion; 4. The Resurrection; 5.
+The Ascension.
+
+To complete the altar table, there has recently been added a super-altar
+or shelf of cedar wood, embellished with panels of foliage and monograms,
+richly carved and gilt. And to complete the Reredos and the mosaic
+picture, there has been added rich surroundings of cedar wood. Below is a
+base containing seven zigzag panels of eight points, filled with pictures
+in mosaic and enamel, and studded with gems. The pictures are, the
+Annunciation in the centre, and portraits of holy women of Scripture:
+Ruth, Anna, Elizabeth, Mary Magdalene, Martha, and Dorcas. On this base
+are pilasters at the ends of similar work, and between are two slender
+detached pillars, all supporting seven canopies of rich tabernacle work,
+the central one over the principal figure being the largest. All are
+profusely gilt.
+
+The floor in front of the reredos is wholly new. That of the upper dais is
+composed of pleasing patterns of inlaid marble work combined with gold
+glass. That of the lower dais, and of the dais of the sedilia, is composed
+of rich and varied patterns of red, green, grey, and buff patterns, in
+every tone of those colours; the three large circular discs are of purple
+porphyry, rosso antico, similar to the slabs which decorate the shrine and
+the tomb of Henry the Third. The steps and bands which surround the
+patterns are all of Purbeck marble.
+
+The stone seat on the south side, which was lately hidden, has now been
+restored to its original state and use, and the old wood canopies all
+forming the sedilia, have been lowered on to the seat of stone and made
+complete. Viewed as a whole, the rich colours of the alabaster and spar,
+with its delicate and intricate tabernacle work, the interesting
+sculpture, the glorious mosaic picture, the richly wrought table below,
+and the elaborate inlaid marble floor in front, all combine to give an
+impression of the greatest grandeur, the utmost durability, and the
+highest art. The whole was executed under the direction and
+superintendence of G. G. Scott, Esq., R.A. The mosaic picture was designed
+by Mr. Clayton, and executed at Venice by Dr. Salviati. The table was
+executed by Messr. Farmer and Brinley, the sculpture of the cornice by Mr.
+Armstead, and the alabaster and marble work by the Abbey masons, Henry
+Poole and Sons.
+
+It may not be uninteresting here to add that, in the exploration to which
+this work gave opportunity, there were discovered on the north side of the
+sacrarem and lower dais, about three feet below the pavement, the bases of
+three piers which were left here of the old Abbey of the Confessor. They
+are of early Norman character, and, from their position, shew that that
+early structure was nearly equal in size to the present structure of Henry
+the Third. They possess such great interest that means have been adopted
+so to cover them with the pavement that they can be uncovered and exposed
+to view.
+
+On the sides of the altar are the curious and ancient monuments of King
+Sebert; Ann of Cleves, Henry the Eighth's wife; Aveling, Countess of
+Lancaster; Aymer de Valence; and Edmund Crouchback. The mosaic pavement
+was done by Richard de Ware, Abbot of Westminster in the year 1260, who
+brought from Rome the stones, and workmen to set them; it is much
+admired; and there were letters round it in brass, which composed Latin
+words. The design of the figures that were in it was to represent the time
+the world was to last, or the _primum mobile_, according to the Ptolemaic
+system then in vogue, and was given in some verses, formerly to be read on
+the pavement, relating to those figures. The following explanation is
+given of them:--
+
+If the reader will probably revolve all these things in his mind, he will
+find them plainly refer to the end of the world.
+
+The threefold hedge is put for three years, the time a dry hedge usually
+stood; a dog, for three times that space, or nine years, it being taken
+for the time that creature usually lives; a horse, in like manner, for
+twenty-seven; a man, eighty-one; a hart, two hundred and forty-three; a
+raven, seven hundred and twenty-nine; an eagle, two thousand one hundred
+and eighty-seven; a great whale, six thousand five hundred and sixty-one;
+the world, nineteen thousand six hundred and eighty-three; each succeeding
+figure giving a term of years imagined to be the time of their
+continuance, three times as much as that before it.
+
+In the last four verses, the time when the work was performed, and the
+parties concerned in it, are expressed; that Henry III. was at the charge;
+that the stones were purchased at Rome; that one Oderick was the master
+workman; and that the Abbot of Westminster, who procured the materials,
+had the care of the work.
+
+The solemn offices of crowning and enthroning the sovereigns of England
+takes place in the centre of the sacrarium, and beneath the lantern is
+erected the throne at which the peers do homage. When the crowns are put
+on, the peers and peeresses put on their coronets, and a signal is given
+from the top of the Abbey for the Tower guns to fire at the same instant.
+
+To take an advantageous view of the inside, you must go to the west door,
+between the towers; and the whole body of the church opens itself at once
+to your eye, which cannot but fill the mind of every beholder with the
+awful solemnity of the place, caused by the loftiness of the roof, and the
+happy disposition of the lights and of that noble range of pillars, by
+which the whole building is supported. The pillars terminate towards the
+east by a sweep, thereby enclosing the Chapel of Edward the Confessor in a
+kind of semicircle, and excluding all the rest. On the arches of the
+pillars are galleries of double columns, fifteen feet wide, covering the
+side aisles, and lighted by a middle range of windows, over which there is
+an upper range of larger windows: by these and the under range, with the
+four capital windows, the whole fabric is so admirably lighted, that the
+spectator is never incommoded by darkness, nor dazzled with glare.
+
+
+
+
+Painted Glass.
+
+
+Within the last five years twenty-two windows have been enriched with
+stained glass: eight in the Lantern or Central Tower; six in the South
+Clerestory of the Nave; one in the Apse; seven in the North Transept. The
+object has been to lay the foundation of a general design illustrative of
+a portion of the "Te Deum."
+
+The eight windows in the Lantern or Central Tower represent angels, and
+round the sustaining arches is inscribed,--"To Thee all angels cry aloud,
+the heavens and all the powers therein; To Thee cherubin and seraphin
+continually do cry: Holy, holy, holy, Lord God of Sabaoth, heaven and
+earth are full of the majesty of Thy glory."
+
+The six windows in the South Clerestory, west of the Transepts represent
+Prophets, in illustration of that verse in the "Te Deum:"--"The goodly
+fellowship of the prophets praise Thee."
+
+It is hoped that this commencement may lead not only to the completion of
+what has been begun, but also to the enrichment of the corresponding
+windows on the north side of the Nave, in illustration of the "Noble Army
+of Martyrs."
+
+The Clerestory windows eastward of the Transepts offer the means of
+representing the "Glorious Company of the Apostles."
+
+In the east window in the Apse, below the Clerestory, are the figures of
+St. Peter and St. Paul.
+
+This window was enriched to the "Glory of God's House," and as a token of
+respect and affection for the Venerable WILLIAM H. E. BENTINCK, M.A.,
+Archdeacon of Westminster, who, in 1859, completed his fiftieth year as a
+dignitary of this Collegiate Church.
+
+The next thing observable is the stained glass in the three windows at the
+east end, containing each two figures. In the left window, the first
+figure represents our Saviour; the second, the Virgin Mary; the third,
+Edward the Confessor; the fourth, Henry III.; the fifth, St. Augustine;
+the sixth, Melitus, the Bishop of London, in the right hand window.
+
+The window of stained glass in Henry V.'s Chantry, was at Dean Ireland's
+expense, by Willemont; the arms are those of Edward the Confessor, Henry
+III., Henry V., Dean Ireland's, and the Abbacy of Westminster.
+
+
+
+
+I.--Chapel of St. Benedict.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    1. Archbishop Langham, 1376.
+
+    2. Countess of Hertford, 1598.
+
+    3. Dr. Goodman, Dean of Westminster, died 1601.
+
+    4. Son of Dr. Sprat, 1683.
+
+    5. Cranfield, Earl and Countess of Middlesex, 1645.
+
+    6. Dr. Bill, first Dean under Q. Elizabeth, 1561.
+
+    Under the Monuments of Deans Goodman and Sprat, was interred (Dean
+    Vincent), the late Dean, 1815.
+
+
+In the Chapel of St. Benedict is an ancient tomb of stone, having formerly
+a canopy of wood, on which lies the effigy of Archbishop LANGHAM, who, as
+the Latin epitaph round his tomb sets forth, "was Monk, Prior, and Abbot
+of this Abbey; afterwards elected Bishop of London; but Ely being then
+also vacant, he made choice of that see; that he was Primate and
+Chancellor of England; Priest-Cardinal, afterwards Bishop-Cardinal, of
+Preneste, and Nuncio from the Pope; and that he died on the Feast of St.
+Mary Magdalen, in the year 1376, on whose soul God have mercy, and grant
+him the joys of heaven for the merits of Christ."
+
+On the east, where stood the altar of St. Benedict, is a fine monument to
+the memory of Lady FRANCES, Countess of Hertford. The Latin inscription
+sets forth, "that she was wife to the noble Earl of Hertford, son to the
+renowned Prince Edward, Duke of Somerset, Earl of Hertford, Viscount
+Beauchamp, and Baron Seymour; that she was daughter to the noble Lord
+William, Baron Howard of Effingham, Knight of the Garter, High Admiral to
+Queen Mary, and Lord Chamberlain and Privy Seal to Queen Elizabeth, &c.;
+that, for her many graces, both of mind and body, she was highly favoured
+by her gracious Sovereign, and dearly loved by her noble Lord, who, in
+testimony of his inviolate affection, consecrated to her memory this
+monument. She died in the forty-fourth year of her age, May 14, 1598."
+
+On the south side is a monument to the memory of Dr. GABRIEL GOODMAN. The
+Latin inscription intimates, "that he was the fifth Dean of this Church,
+over which he presided for forty years with much applause; that he founded
+an hospital, and instituted a school at Ruthin, in Denbighshire, where he
+was born; that he was a man of regular and devout life, and that he died
+in 1601, aged seventy-three."
+
+On the same side is a monument to the memory of GEORGE SPRAT, second son
+of Dr. Thomas Sprat, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean of Westminster, by his
+wife Helena, descended from the ancient and honourable family of the
+Wolseleys, in Staffordshire, who lies interred in the Chapel of St.
+Nicholas. He died an infant of a year old, in 1683.
+
+In the centre is a monument erected in memory of LIONEL CRANFIELD, Earl of
+Middlesex, by his relict, Lady Ann. The Latin inscription on this monument
+is to this effect;--"Sacred to the memory of Lionel Lord Cranfield, Earl
+of Middlesex, who by that discerning prince, King James I., being called
+to court, was for his excellent parts bountifully rewarded, both with
+honours and fortune; being made Master of the Requests, and of the
+Wardrobe, President of the Court of Wards, and Privy Councillor. The new
+and illustrious, as well as difficult province of Lord Treasurer of
+England, he filled, which services how indefatigably he underwent, his
+title of Knight, Baron Cranfield, and, lastly, Earl of Middlesex, with
+various other honours, abundantly testify. He died the 6th of August,
+1645, aged about seventy. He was twice married. By his first wife he had
+three daughters; Elizabeth, Countess of Mulgrave; Martha, Countess of
+Monmouth; and Mary, who died unmarried. By the second, who survived him,
+he had three sons, and two daughters; James, heir to the honours of Earl
+of Middlesex, Lyonel, and Edward; Frances, Lady Buckhurst; and Susannah,
+who died an infant."
+
+Near Bishop Langham's tomb, is a table monument, inlaid with a brass
+plate, designed for Dr. WILLIAM BILL, Dean of Westminster, Master of Eton
+College, Head of Trinity in Cambridge, and Chief Almoner to Queen
+Elizabeth, as appears by his inscription. He died July 5, 1561. On a brass
+plate are some Latin verses, setting forth "that he was a good and learned
+man, and a friend to those that were so; that he was just and charitable;
+and that the poor, as well as the three Colleges over which he presided,
+sustained an irreparable loss by his death."
+
+Besides those above recited, there lie interred in this Chapel, CATHERINE,
+daughter of Dr. Dolben, Bishop of Rochester, Dean of Westminster, and
+afterwards Archbishop of York; a Countess of Kildare, in Ireland; and Dr.
+JOHN SPOTSWOOD, Lord Archbishop of St. Andrew's, Primate and Lord
+Chancellor of Scotland, who died in 1640.
+
+On the left of the gate of entrance to the Chapels, is the ancient
+monument to SEBERT, King of the East Saxons, who first built a church
+nearly on this site, and died July, 616; also of ATHELGODA, his Queen, who
+died September 13, 615.
+
+It may here be observed, and to some will no doubt be interesting, that as
+the date of King Sebert is the _earliest_ known respecting the Abbey,
+George II. was also the _last_ King buried in Westminster, including in
+all thirteen English Sovereigns whose remains repose within these
+venerable walls (and fourteen Queens, that is, once reigning sovereigns,
+or the consorts of kings) embracing a period of more than twelve hundred
+years. The Kings buried in the Abbey--Sebert, Edward the Confessor, Henry
+III., Edward I., Edward III., Richard II., Henry V., Edward V., Henry
+VII., Edward VI., James I., Charles II., William III., George II., all of
+which can of course be ascertained by a careful perusal of this guide
+book.
+
+Over the tomb of Sebert, enclosed under glass, is an elaborate work
+(measuring about eleven feet in length, and three feet in height), which
+appears to have originally formed part of an altar decoration of the
+fourteenth century; the ground-work is oak; over the joinings, and on the
+surface of some mouldings, strips of parchment were glued. On this
+framework, covered with a gesso ground, various ornamental compartments
+and architectural enrichments are completed in relief. The work is divided
+into two similar portions; in the centre is a figure which appears to be
+intended for Christ, holding the globe, and in the act of blessing; an
+angel with a palm branch is on each side. The single figure on the left is
+St. Peter; the figure that should correspond on the right, and all the
+scripture subjects on that side, are gone. In the compartments to the
+left, portions of three subjects remain; one represents the Adoration of
+the Kings; another, apparently the Raising of Lazarus; the subject of the
+third is doubtful, though some figures remain; the fourth is destroyed.
+The small compartments in the architectural enrichments are filled with
+variously-coloured pieces of glass inlaid on tinfoil, and have still a
+brilliant effect. The compartments not occupied by figures were adorned
+with a deep blue glass resembling lapis lazuli, with gold lines of foliage
+executed on it. The smaller spaces and mouldings were enriched with cameos
+and gems; some of which still remain. This interesting work of art lay
+neglected in a Chapel near the North Transept, till Mr. Blore, with the
+permission of the Dean and Chapter, had it placed for security in the case
+in which it is now seen. It is supposed to have originally formed part of
+the decoration of the high altar. Its date may be fixed at the close of
+the thirteenth or beginning of the fourteenth century.
+
+Between this Chapel and the next, is a monument of Mosaic work, erected
+for the children of Henry III. and Edward I. This certainly was once a
+rich and costly monument; for in the records of the Tower, there is the
+King's order for erecting such a one in this place, and for allowing
+Master Simon de Wells five marks and a half to defray his expenses in
+bringing from the city a certain brass image to set upon the tomb of his
+daughter Catherine, and for paying to Simon de Gloucester, the King's
+goldsmith, seventy marks, for a silver image for the like purpose.
+
+On the left, before you enter the Chapel of St. Edmund, is a large stone,
+once plated with brass, under which was interred Sir JOHN GALOFRE; he was
+famous in the reign of Richard II., for his wisdom and valour, and was
+prosecuted by the discontented Lords. He died at Wallingford, in
+Berkshire, in 1396.
+
+The tombstone, with inscription on a brass plate of Dr. BILLSON, is seen
+on the floor, next that of Sir John Galofre. He died in 1616.
+
+
+
+
+II.--Chapel of St. Edmund.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    _Left Hand._
+
+    1. John of Eltham, Son of Edward II. 1334.
+
+    2. Earl of Stafford, 1762.
+
+    3. Monck, Bishop of Hereford, 1661.
+
+    4. Children of Edward III., 1350.
+
+    5. Duchess of Suffolk, 1563.
+
+    6. Holles, Son of Earl Clare, 1662.
+
+    7. Lady Jane Seymour, 1560.
+
+    8. Lady Katharine Knollys, 1568.
+
+    9. Lady Elizabeth Russel, 1601.
+
+    10. Lord John Russel, 1584.
+
+    11. Sir Bernard Brocas, 1339.
+
+    12. Sir Humphrey Bourgchier, 1471.
+
+    13. Sir Richard Pecksall, 1571.
+
+    14. Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury, 1617.
+
+    15. Earl of Pembroke, 1296.
+
+    16. Robert de Waldeby, 1397.
+
+    17. Duchess of Gloucester, 1399.
+
+    18. Countess of Stafford, 1693.
+
+    19. Dr. Ferne, Bishop of Chester, 1661.
+
+    20. Above the Duchess of Suffolk's Monument is one to Mary Countess of
+    Stafford and her Son, 1719.
+
+
+On the left as you enter is a monument sacred to the memory of JOHN of
+ELTHAM, second son of Edward II., and so called from Eltham, in Kent, the
+place of his nativity, where our English Kings had once a palace. His
+statue is of alabaster, the head encircled in a coronet of large and small
+leaves, remarkable for its being the first of the kind. His habit is that
+of an armed Knight. He died in Scotland, in 1334, at the age of nineteen,
+unmarried, though three different matches had been proposed to him; the
+last of which, to Mary, daughter of Ferdinand, King of Spain, he accepted,
+but lived not to consummate it.
+
+At the foot of this is a monument with the following inscription:--"In
+this Chapel lies interred all that was mortal of the most illustrious and
+most benevolent JOHN PAUL HOWARD, Earl of Stafford, who in 1738 married
+Elizabeth, daughter of A. Ewens, of the county of Somerset, Esq. His heart
+was as truly great and noble as his high descent. Faithful to his God. A
+lover of his country. A relation to relations. A detester of detraction. A
+friend to mankind. Naturally generous and compassionate, his liberality
+and his charity to the poor were without bounds. Being snatched away
+suddenly by death, which he had long meditated and expected with
+constancy, he went to a better life the 1st of April, 1762, having lived
+sixty-one years nine months and six days." The figures round the
+inscription are the ancient badges of honour belonging to the Stafford
+family, who descended by ten different marriages from the royal blood of
+England and France.--_Invented and stained by Chambers._
+
+Next to this is a small table monument, on which lie the figures of
+WILLIAM of WINDSOR, sixth son of Edward III., who died in his infancy; and
+of BLANCH of the TOWER, sister to William, who likewise died young, having
+obtained their surnames from the places of their nativity. About 1350.
+
+Against the wall is a monument of NICHOLAS MONCK, Provost of Eton, Bishop
+of Hereford, and brother of George Monck, Duke of Albemarle, &c. He died
+December 11, 1661, aged fifty.--_Woodman, sculptor._
+
+On an altar tomb lies the effigy of LADY FRANCES, Duchess of Suffolk. She
+was the daughter of the famous Charles Brandon, by Mary, the French Queen,
+daughter to Henry VII., and became herself Duchess of Suffolk, by marrying
+Henry Grey, then Marquis of Dorset, but upon her father's decease created
+Duke of Suffolk, and afterwards beheaded for being concerned in dethroning
+Queen Mary. She died in 1558-9.
+
+Against the wall above is a monument to the memory of MARY, Countess of
+Stafford, and of HENRY, Earl of Stafford, her son, who died abroad in
+1719, and was buried in this Chapel.
+
+The next, representing a youth in Grecian armour sitting on a Greek altar,
+to the memory of FRANCIS HOLLES, by John, Earl of Clare his afflicted
+father. This brave youth, after returning home from a campaign in
+Flanders, died August 12, 1622, aged eighteen. His epitaph is thus
+written:--
+
+  "What so thou hast of nature or of arts,
+  Youth, beauty, strength, or what excelling parts
+  Of mind and body, letters, arms, and worth,
+  His eighteen years beyond his years brought forth;
+  Then stand and read thyself within this glass,
+  How soon these perish, and thyself may pass:
+  Man's life is measured by the work, not days;
+  Not aged sloth, but active youth, hath praise."
+
+--_N. Stone, sculptor._
+
+Next are two tablets, one to the memory of the Right Honourable the Lady
+KATHERINE KNOLLYS, chief Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Elizabeth, and
+wife to Sir Francis Knollys, Knt., Treasurer of her Highness's household.
+She died January the 15th, 1568. This Lady Knollys and Lord Hunsdon, her
+brother, were the only children of William Carey, Esq., by Lady Mary, his
+wife, one of the daughters and heirs of Thomas Bulleyne, Earl of Wiltshire
+and Ormond, and sister to Anne Bulleyne, Queen of England, wife to Henry
+VIII., father and mother to Queen Elizabeth. What is farther remarkable,
+Lady Knollys' only daughter was mother of the favourite Earl of Essex.
+
+The other to Lady JANE SEYMOUR, daughter of Edward, Duke of Somerset, who
+died March 19, 1560, aged nineteen.
+
+On an altar sits, in a sleeping posture, the figure of Lady ELIZABETH
+RUSSEL, daughter of Lord John Russel, in alabaster. She pricked her finger
+with a needle, which is supposed to have caused a lock-jaw, and occasioned
+her death. On the plinth of the pedestal is--"_Dormit, non mortua
+est_"--(She is not dead, but sleepeth). Died 1601.
+
+Lord JOHN RUSSEL, second son of Francis, second Earl of Bedford, and his
+son FRANCIS, by Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Anthony Cook, Knt., and widow
+of Sir Thomas Hoby, Knt. He died in 1584. He is represented in a cumbent
+posture, habited in his coronation robes, with his infant son at his feet.
+His lady was esteemed the Sappho of her age, being well versed in the
+learned languages, and an excellent poet; five of the epitaphs on this
+tomb are of her composition, of which three are in Latin, one in Greek,
+and the other in English, which is here transcribed as a specimen, the
+rest being to the same purport:--
+
+  "Right noble twice, by virtue and by birth,
+  Of heaven lov'd, and honour'd on the earth,
+  His country's hope, his kindred's chief delight,
+  My husband dear, more than this world's light,
+  Death hath me reft. But I from death will take
+  His memory, to whom this tomb I make.
+  John was his name (ah, was! wretch, must I say?)
+  Lord Russel once, now my tear-thirsty clay."
+
+Next is a very ancient monument, representing a Gothic chapel, and in it
+the figure of a Knight in armour, in a cumbent posture, with his feet
+resting on a lion's back. This was erected for Sir BERNARD BROCAS, of
+Baurepaire, in the county of Hants, Chamberlain to Ann, Queen of Richard
+II. But this Princess dying, and Richard falling under the displeasure of
+his people, who deposed him, Sir Bernard still adhered to his Royal master
+in his misfortunes, which cost him his life. He was publicly beheaded on
+Tower Hill, January, 1399, and here buried.
+
+In front of this is a low altar tomb, on which has been, in plated brass,
+the figure of a Knight in armour, his head reclining upon his helmet, and
+one of his feet placed upon a leopard, the other on an eagle. By the Latin
+inscription this Knight was HUMPHREY BOURGCHIER, son and heir to John
+Bourgchier, Lord Berners, who espousing the cause of Edward IV. against
+the Earl of Warwick, was slain in the battle of Barnet Field, on
+Easter-day, 1471.
+
+Next is the monument of Sir RICHARD PECKSALL, Knt., Master of the
+Buckhounds to Queen Elizabeth; first married to Alianer, the daughter of
+William Paulett, Marquis of Winchester, by whom he had four daughters; and
+afterwards to Alianer, daughter of John Cotgrave. On the bases of the
+pillars are Latin verses thus translated:--
+
+  "Death can't disjoin whom Christ hath joined in love;
+  Life leads to death, and death to life above.
+  In heaven's a happier place; frail things despise:
+  Live well to gain in future life a prize."
+
+He died 1571.
+
+The next is a most magnificent monument to the memory of EDWARD TALBOT,
+eighth Earl of Shrewsbury, and his lady, JANE, eldest daughter and
+co-heiress of Cuthbert, Baron Ogle, whose effigies in their robes lie on
+a black marble table, supported by a pedestal of alabaster. He died
+February 8, 1617, in the fifty-seventh year of his age.
+
+In front of this is the gravestone to the memory of EDWARD, Lord Herbert,
+Baron of Cherbury, in England, and of Castle-Ireland, in Ireland, who died
+December 9, 1678, aged forty-six.
+
+On the right is the ancient monument of WILLIAM DE VALENCE, Earl of
+Pembroke, lying in a cumbent posture on a chest of wainscot, placed upon a
+tomb of freestone; the figure is wood, covered originally with copper
+gilt, as was the chest on which it lies. In the year 1296, he was slain at
+Bayonne treacherously. His body was afterwards brought to England, and
+honourably buried in this Chapel, and an indulgence of one hundred days
+granted to all devout people who should offer up prayers for his soul.
+
+On the floor is a tomb to MARY, Countess of Stafford, wife to the
+unfortunate Viscount Stafford, beheaded in the reign of Charles II., on
+Tower Hill, Dec. 29, 1680. She was lineally descended from the Barons and
+Earls of Stafford, and was daughter and heiress to the noble house of
+Buckingham. She died Jan. 1693.
+
+The next is a tomb on which is a lady in a widow's dress, with a barb and
+veil, cut in brass, round which is an inscription in old French, importing
+that ALIANER DE BOHUN, daughter and heiress of Sir Humphrey de Bohun, Earl
+of Hertford, Essex, and Northampton, and wife to the mighty and noble
+Prince of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, Earl of Essex and Buckingham, son
+of Edward III., lies interred here. This lady, who was the greatest
+heiress in England, was deprived of her husband by the cruelty of his
+nephew, Richard II., who, jealous of his popularity, most treacherously
+betrayed him by a show of friendship; for coming to visit him at Plashy, a
+pleasant seat of his in Essex, and staying supper, in duty he thought to
+attend his Majesty to town; but at Stratford was suddenly surrounded by an
+ambush of armed men, who privately hurried him on board a ship, and
+carried him to Calais, where, by the King's order, he was stifled between
+feather beds in 1397. After this melancholy circumstance, his lady spent
+the rest of her days in the nunnery at Barking, and died October 3, 1399;
+from whence her remains were brought and here interred.
+
+There is also an Archbishop buried here, as appears by a very antique
+figure in a mass habit, engraven on a brass plate, and placed on a flat
+stone in the pavement, over the remains of ROBERT DE WALDEBY, who, as
+appears by the inscription, was first an Augustine monk, and attended
+Edward the Black Prince into France, where, being young, he prosecuted his
+studies, and made a surprising progress in natural and moral philosophy,
+physic, the languages, and in the canon law; and, being likewise an
+elegant preacher and sound divine, was made Divinity Professor in the
+University of Toulouse, where he continued till called by Richard II. to
+the Bishopric of Man; from whence he was removed to the Archbishopric of
+Dublin; but not liking that country, upon the first vacancy he was
+recalled, and advanced to the see of Chichester, and afterwards to the
+Archbishopric of York. Such is the history of this great man, who died May
+29, 1397, as gathered from an inscription formerly very legible, but now
+almost obliterated.
+
+At the foot of Waldeby is a blue marble slab, which covers the remains of
+Dr. HENRY FERNE, inlaid with five shields in brass, surrounded with an
+inscription. He was Chaplain Extraordinary to Charles I.; by Charles II.
+made Bishop of Chester, which he lived to enjoy about five weeks, dying
+March 16, 1661.
+
+Also a black marble slab which covers the remains of EDWARD GEORGE EARLE
+LYTTON BULWER LYTTON. Born 25th May, 1803; died 18th January, 1873.
+1831-1841, Member of Parliament for St. Ives and for Lincoln; 1838,
+Baronet of the United Kingdom; 1852-1856, Knight of the Shire of the
+County of Hertford; 1858, one of her Majesty's Principal Secretaries of
+State, Knight Grand Cross of St. Michael and George; 1866, Baron Lytton of
+Knebworth. Laborious and distinguished in all fields of intellectual
+activity, indefatigable and ardent in the cultivation and love of letters.
+His genius as an author was displayed in the most varied forms, which have
+connected indissolubly with every department of the literature of his time
+the name of Edward Bulwer Lytton.
+
+In this Chapel lies interred Abbot CROKESLEY, who died July 18, 1258.
+
+On the right, on leaving this Chapel, is a fine bust of RICHARD TUFTON,
+third son of Sir John Tufton, Bart., and brother of Nicholas E. Thanet. He
+died October 4, 1631.
+
+
+
+
+III.--Chapel of St. Nicholas.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    _Begin on your Left._
+
+    1. Lady Cecil, 1591.
+
+    2. Lady Clifford, 1679.
+
+    3. Countess of Beverley, 1812.
+
+    4. Duchess of Somerset, 1587.
+
+    5. Westmoreland Family, 1618.
+
+    6. Baron Carew, 1470.
+
+    7. Nicholas Bagenall, 1688.
+
+    8. Lady Burleigh, 1589, and the Countess Oxford, 1588.
+
+    9. Dudley, Bishop of Durham, 1483, and Lady St. John, 1614.
+
+    10. Daughter of Christopher Harley, Ambassador of France: her heart in
+    the Urn, 1665.
+
+    11. Lady Ross, 1591.
+
+    12. Marchioness of Winchester, 1586.
+
+    13. Duchess of Northumberland, 1776.
+
+    14. Philippa, Duchess of York, 1433.
+
+    15. Sir George Villiers, and his lady, Countess of Buckingham, 1605
+    and 1632.
+
+    16. Sir Humphrey Stanley, 1505.
+
+
+On the left, as you enter this Chapel, is a monument erected for LADY
+CECIL, a Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Elizabeth, and daughter of Lord
+Cobham, who having married Sir Robert Cecil, son of William Lord Burleigh,
+Treasurer of England, died in childbed two years after, viz. in 1591.
+
+Next is a monument on which a long inscription in English is fairly
+written, setting forth the descent and marriage of Lady JANE CLIFFORD,
+youngest daughter of the Duke of Somerset, and wife of Charles, Lord
+Clifford and Dungarvon, who died Nov. 23, 1679, aged forty-two.
+
+On a small tablet is this inscription, with the motto--"_Esperance de
+Dieu_. ISABELLA SUSANNAH, wife of Algernon Percy, Earl of Beverley, died
+Jan. 24, 1812, aged sixty-one."
+
+On a gravestone in front of this monument, engraved on brass, is the
+figure of Sir HUMPHREY STANLEY, knighted by Henry VII., for his gallant
+behaviour under his cousin, Lord Stanley, at the battle of Bosworth Field.
+He died March 22, 1505.
+
+Near this is the monument of ANN, Duchess of Somerset, wife of Edward,
+Duke of Somerset, brother of Henry VIII.'s third wife, Queen Jane Seymour,
+and uncle to Edward VI., and sometime Regent during his minority, but
+afterwards disgraced; accused of treasonable and felonious practices
+against the King and Council, tried by his Peers, acquitted of treason,
+but condemned of felony in levying armed men contrary to law, for which
+crime he was sentenced to be hanged; but, in respect to his quality, was
+beheaded on Tower Hill, Jan. 22, 1551. She died April 16, 1587, at
+Hanworth, aged ninety.
+
+On the right, Sir GEORGE and Lady ELIZABETH FANE, who are represented
+kneeling on each side a desk. She was the daughter of Robert, Baron
+Spencer, of Wormleighton, and wife of Sir George Fane, of Buston, in Kent,
+remarkable, says her inscription, for her ancient descent, but more for
+her own virtues. She died in 1618, aged twenty-eight.
+
+Beneath this is an ancient monument placed over Nicholas, Baron Carew, and
+the Lady MARGARET, his wife, daughter of Lord John Dinham, and, it is
+thought, mother of Sir Nicholas Carew, beheaded in Henry VIII.'s time, for
+holding a correspondence with Cardinal de la Pole. He died December 6,
+1470, she December 13, the same year.
+
+In the front of this is a pyramid erected to the memory of NICHOLAS
+BAGENALL, a child of two months old, overlaid by his nurse, the 7th of
+March, 1688.
+
+Next to this is one of the most magnificent monuments in the Abbey,
+erected by the great Lord Burleigh to the memory of MILDRED, his wife, and
+their daughter Lady ANN, Countess of Oxford. On this tomb is a Latin
+inscription, explaining the figures, and setting forth their respective
+virtues and accomplishments, particularly those of Lady Burleigh, who,
+says the inscription, "was well versed in the sacred writers, and those
+chiefly of the Greeks, as Basil the Great, Chrysostom, Gregory, Nazianzen,
+&c." She gave a scholarship to St. John's College, in Oxford, legacies to
+the poor of Romford, where she was born, and to those of Cheshunt, where
+she lived, and left money at both places to be distributed every year to
+poor tradesmen. She died, after being forty years married, April 4, 1589,
+aged sixty-three. Her daughter Ann married, at fifteen, Edward Vere, Earl
+of Oxford, and died June 5, 1588, seventeen years after, leaving three
+daughters.
+
+Next to this is a monument to the memory of WILLIAM DE DUDLEY, alias
+SUTTON, son of John, Lord Dudley; he was Archdeacon of Middlesex, Dean of
+Windsor, and, in 1476, Lord Bishop of Durham. On the tomb was inlaid a
+brass figure, in episcopal vestments. He died in 1483.
+
+The effigy of Lady St. JOHN lies in this recess. She was daughter of Sir
+William Dormer, and widow of John, Lord St. John, of Bletsoe. She died on
+the 23rd of March, 1614.
+
+Near this is a pyramid to the memory of ANNA SOPHIA HARLEY, a child of a
+year old, daughter of the Hon. Christopher Harley, Ambassador from the
+French King, whose heart, as appears by the inscription, he caused to be
+enclosed in a cup, and placed upon the top of the pyramid. She died in
+1601.
+
+The next is a monument to the memory of Lady WINIFRED, married first to
+Sir Richard Sackville, Knt., and afterwards to John Paulet, Marquis of
+Winchester. The Latin epitaph imports, that she was descended of
+illustrious parents, and married first a gentleman of an ancient house,
+whose ancestors were renowned before the Conqueror's time; that her second
+husband was of noble blood; and that being severed from both by death,
+her soul will rejoice in Christ for ever. She died in 1586.
+
+Above is an ancient monument to the memory of Lady ROSS, daughter of
+Edward, Earl of Rutland. She died April 11, 1591.
+
+Next to this is a monument to the memory of the late Duchess of
+NORTHUMBERLAND. The figures on each side are Faith and Hope; and those
+above are two weeping Genii over her urn, mourning for her loss. The
+inscription, after reciting her Grace's illustrious descent and titles,
+concludes with her character, who, "having lived long an ornament of
+courts, an honour to her country, a pattern to the great, a protectress to
+the poor, ever distinguished for the most tender affection for her family
+and friends, she died December 5, 1776, aged sixty, universally beloved,
+revered, and lamented. The Duke of Northumberland, inconsolable for the
+loss of the best of wives, hath erected this monument to her beloved
+memory."--_Read, sculptor._
+
+Against the screen is a Gothic monument with the effigy of a lady in
+robes, very antique. The lady, by the inscription, appears to be PHILIPPA,
+second daughter and co-heiress of John, Lord Mohun, of Dunstar; married
+first to Sir Walter Fitzwalter, Knt., secondly to Sir John Galofre, Knt.,
+and lastly to Edward Plantagenet, Duke of York, who was slain in the
+battle of Agincourt, 25th of October, 1415. She died in 1431, without
+issue.
+
+In the middle of the Chapel is a fine monument to the memory of Sir GEORGE
+VILLIERS, who died Jan. 4, 1605, and his lady, MARY BEAUMONT, created
+Countess of Buckingham in 1618. She died on April 19, 1632, aged
+sixty-two, whose son, by the favour of James I., was advanced to the
+dignity of the Duke of Buckingham.--_Stone, sculptor._
+
+KATHARINE VALOIS, Queen of Henry V., who died at Bermondsey Abbey,
+Southwark, in January, 1437, was buried in the Chapel of our Lady at the
+east end of the Abbey, where she remained till her grandson, Henry VII.,
+built his chapel, when her remains were placed near to her husband in a
+chest, and finally deposited under Sir George Villiers' tomb in 1776.
+
+In this Chapel lies interred, THOMAS SPRAT, Bishop of Rochester, and Dean
+of Westminster, who died May 20, 1713. Also his son, THOMAS SPRAT,
+Archdeacon of Rochester, who died May 10, 1720, aged forty-one. Also many
+other persons of distinction, of the Percy, Seymour, and Burleigh
+families, which we have not space to insert.
+
+At the door of this Chapel was buried that great and learned antiquary,
+Sir HENRY SPELMAN, who died in 1641.
+
+On leaving this Chapel, opposite to you, there is affixed to the corner of
+Henry V.'s Chantry, a bust with Latin inscription, to the memory of Sir
+ROBERT AITON, Knt., who, in the reign of James I., was in great reputation
+for his writings, especially in poetry. He died in 1638.
+
+On the right, against the screen of the Chapel of St. Nicholas, is a
+monument erected to the memory of Sir THOMAS INGRAM, Knt., Chancellor of
+the Duchy of Lancaster, and Privy Councillor to Charles II. He died
+February 13, 1671.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: CENTRE, HENRY VII'S CHAPEL.]
+
+
+IV.--Chapel of Henry the Seventh.
+
+[Illustration: The Gates are Brass.]
+
+    1. Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, 1628.
+
+    2. Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham, 1720.
+
+    3. The Duke de Montpensier, 1807.
+
+    4. An Urn containing the heart of Esme Stuart, son of the Duke of
+    Richmond, 1661.
+
+    5. Lodowick Stuart, Duke of Richmond, 1623.
+
+    6. Henry VII. and Queen, 1503 and 1509.
+
+    7. The Royal Vault of George II., 1760.
+
+    8. Augusta Elizabeth Frederica, 5th daughter of Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl
+    of Elgin and Kincardine. The beloved wife of Arthur Penrhyn Stanley,
+    Dean of this Collegiate Church. For thirty years the devoted servant
+    of Queen Victoria and the Queen's mother and children; for twelve
+    years the unwearied friend of the people of Westminster and the
+    inseparable partner of her husband's toils and hopes, uniting many
+    hearts from many lands, and drawing all to things above. Born April 3,
+    1822. Died March 1, 1876.
+
+    "We know that we have passed from death unto life because we love the
+    brethren."
+
+
+The ascent to this Chapel is from the east end of the Abbey, by steps of
+grey marble, under a stately portico, which leads to the gates opening to
+the body, or nave of the Chapel. Before you enter you may observe a door
+on each hand, opening into the side aisles, for it is composed of a nave
+and side aisles, every way answering to the plan of a cathedral. The gates
+by which you enter the nave are all well worth your observation; they are
+of brass, most curiously wrought, in the manner of frame work, and the
+panels being filled with the portcullis and crown; three fleur-de-lis;
+falcon and fetterlock; the union of the roses of York and Lancaster
+entwined in a crown; the thistle and crown; the initial R. H. and a crown,
+and the three lions of England. Being entered, your eye will naturally be
+directed to the lofty ceiling, which is in stone, wrought with such
+astonishing variety of figures, as no description can reach. The stalls
+are of brown wainscot, with Gothic canopies, most beautifully carved, as
+are the seats, with strange devices, which nothing on wood is now equal
+to. The pavement is of black and white marble, done at the charge of Dr.
+Killigrew, once Prebendary of this Abbey, as appears by two inscriptions,
+one on a plate of brass, infixed in the rise towards the founder's tomb,
+the other cut in the pavement. The east view from the entrance presents
+you with the brass chapel and tomb of the founder; and round it, where the
+east end forms a semicircle, are the Chapels of the Dukes of Buckingham
+and Richmond. The walls of the nave and aisles are wrought in the most
+curious figures imaginable, and contain one hundred and twenty large
+statues of Patriarchs, Saints, Martyrs, and Confessors, placed in niches,
+under which are angels, supporting imperial crowns, all of them esteemed
+so curious, that the best masters have travelled from abroad to copy them.
+The windows, which are fourteen in the upper, and nineteen in the lower
+range, including the side aisles and portico, were formerly of painted or
+diapered glass, having in every pane a white rose, the badge of Lancaster,
+or an H, the initial letter of the founder's name, and portcullises, the
+badge of the Beauforts crowned, of which a few only are now remaining. In
+the upper window, east end, Henry VII. is represented in stained glass.
+The ceiling is of stone, and persons can walk between the roof and
+ceiling, where there is a spacious room, lighted by Gothic openings
+through the wall.
+
+_General Admeasurement of the Interior._
+
+                                                Ft.  In.
+  Length of the Nave                            103   9
+  Breadth of ditto                               35   9
+  Height of the Nave to vortex of the Vaulting   60   7
+  Length of the Aisles                           62   5
+  Breadth of ditto                               17   2
+  Entire Breadth of the Chapel                   70   1
+  Height of West Window                          45   0
+  Breadth of ditto                               31   0
+
+_Entrance Porch or Vestibule._
+
+  Extent from North to South                     28   4
+  Breadth                                        24   9
+
+
+SOUTH AISLE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    1. Lady Margaret Douglas, 1577.
+
+    2. Mary, Queen of Scots, 1587.
+
+    3. Margaret, Countess of Richmond, 1509.
+
+    4. Lady Walpole, 1737.
+
+    5. General Monck, Duke of Albemarle, 1670.
+
+    In front of this Monument is the Old Royal Vault, containing Charles
+    II., 1685, King William III., 1702, Prince George of Denmark, 1708,
+    and Queen Anne, 1714.
+
+Here is a handsome monument, on which lies a lady finely robed, to Lady
+MARGARET DOUGLAS, daughter of Margaret, Queen of Scots, by the Earl of
+Angus. This lady, as the English inscription says, had to her
+great-grandfather, Edward IV.; to her grandfather, Henry VII.; to her
+uncle, Henry VIII.; to her cousin-german, Edward VI.; to her brother,
+James V. of Scotland; to her son, Henry I. of Scotland; to her grandson,
+James VI.; having to her great-grandmother and grandmother, two Queens,
+both named Elizabeth; to her mother, Margaret, Queen of Scots; to her
+aunt, Mary, the French Queen; to her cousins-german, Mary and Elizabeth,
+Queens of England; to her niece and daughter-in-law, Mary, Queen of Scots.
+This lady, who was very beautiful, was privately married in 1537, to
+Thomas Howard, son of the Duke of Norfolk, upon which account both of them
+were committed to the Tower by Henry VIII., her uncle, for affiancing
+without his consent, and he died in prison; but this Margaret being
+released, was soon after married to Matthew, Earl of Lennox, by whom she
+had the handsome Lord Darnley, father of James I., whose effigy is
+foremost on the tomb, in a kneeling posture. There are seven children
+besides round the tomb of Margaret, of whom only three are mentioned in
+history, the rest dying young. This great lady died March 10, 1577.
+
+Next is the magnificent monument to MARY STUART, Queen of Scots, erected
+by her son, James I., soon after his accession to the English throne. This
+princess was born Dec. 7, 1542. She was daughter and heiress of James V.
+of Scotland, who, dying when she was only a week old, succeeded to the
+crown. Married first, April 28, 1558, at fifteen years of age, Francis,
+Dauphin of France; secondly, Henry, Lord Darnley, July 29, 1565; and
+thirdly, Bothwell. Her subjects becoming offended, she was compelled to
+resign her crown to her infant son, James, by Lord Darnley; she eventually
+sought refuge in England, but Queen Elizabeth committed her as prisoner to
+the Earl of Shrewsbury at his houses of Hardwicke and Chatsworth, in
+Derbyshire, where she remained seventeen years a captive. She was thence
+transferred to the custody of Sir Amias Paulet, and shortly afterwards
+tried and condemned for engaging in a treasonable correspondence with the
+Queen's enemies. She was beheaded in the hall of Fotheringay Castle, in
+Northamptonshire, February 8, 1587. Her remains were first buried in
+Peterborough Cathedral; but James had her body privately removed to this
+Church, in Oct., 1612, under the superintendence of Neile, then Dean of
+Westminster, and buried in a vault beneath this monument.--_Stone,
+sculptor._
+
+HENRY, Prince of Wales, eldest son of James I., born Feb. 19, 1593, and
+after giving great promise of a blessing to his country, died of a fever
+at St. James's palace, Nov. 6, 1612, in the 19th year of his age, and was
+buried by the side of his grandmother.
+
+In the same tomb are the remains of ARABELLA STEWART, four children of
+Charles I.: ELIZABETH of Bohemia, daughter of James I.; Prince RUPERT her
+son; ANN HYDE, first wife of James II., and ten of his infant children;
+WILLIAM, Duke of Gloucester, son of Ann, and seventeen of her infant
+children.
+
+The next is the monument of MARGARET, Countess of Richmond, mother of
+Henry VII., by Edmund Tudor, son of Owen ap Tudor, who married the widow
+of Henry V. of England, and daughter of Charles VI. of France. This lady
+was afterwards married to Humphrey Stafford, a younger son of Humphrey,
+Duke of Buckingham, and lastly, to Thomas Lord Stanley, Earl of Derby; but
+by the two last had no children. The inscription mentions the charities of
+this excellent Princess; such as giving a salary to two monks of
+Westminster; founding a grammar-school at Wimbourne, and two colleges, one
+to Christ, the other to St. John his disciple, at Cambridge. Of this
+lady's bounty, forty poor women partake every Saturday afternoon, in the
+College Hall; each of them has twopence, one pound and a half of beef, and
+a fourpenny loaf of bread. She died in July, 1509, in the reign of her
+grandson, Henry VIII.--_Torrigiano, sculptor._
+
+Opposite is a figure to the memory of Lady WALPOLE, with the following
+inscription:--"To the memory of Catherine, Lady Walpole, eldest daughter
+of John Shorter, Esq., of Bybrook, in Kent, and first wife of Sir Robert
+Walpole, afterwards Earl of Orford, Horace, her youngest son, consecrated
+this monument. She had beauty and wit, without vice or vanity, and
+cultivated the arts without affectation: she was devout, though without
+bigotry to any sect; and was without prejudice to any party, though the
+wife of a minister, whose power she esteemed but when she could employ it
+to benefit the miserable, or to reward the meritorious; she loved a
+private life, though born to shine in public: and was an ornament to
+Courts, untainted by them. She died August the 20th, 1737."--_Valory,
+sculptor._
+
+At the end, a monument to the memories of GEORGE MONCK, and CHRISTOPHER,
+his son, both Dukes of Albemarle; also, ELIZABETH, Duchess Dowager of
+Albemarle and Montague, relict of Christopher. George Monck, Duke of
+Albemarle, was younger son of Sir Thomas Monck, born at Potheridge, Devon,
+December 6, 1608. He entered the army as a volunteer in 1625, under Sir
+Richard Grenville. At the death of Cromwell he took an active part in the
+restoration of Charles II., for which he was loaded with honours, and died
+in the esteem of his sovereign, in 1670, in the sixty-second year of his
+age.--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+At this end is the Royal Vault, as it is called, in which are deposited
+the remains of CHARLES II., who died February 2, 1685; WILLIAM III., who
+died March 8, 1702, and Queen MARY, his consort, who died December 28,
+1694; Queen ANNE, died August 1, 1714; and Prince GEORGE, who died Oct.
+28, 1708.
+
+
+THE NAVE.
+
+From this aisle you enter the nave of the Chapel, the stone ceiling of
+which is curious, and the gates are brass. Here were installed, with great
+ceremony, the Knights of the most Honourable Order of the Bath, which
+order was revived in the reign of George I., in 1725. In their stalls are
+placed brass plates of their arms, &c., and over them hang their banners,
+swords, and helmets. Under the stalls are seats for the esquires; each
+Knight has three, whose arms are engraven on brass plates. The small
+shelving stool which the seats of the stalls form when turned up is called
+a _miserere_. On these the monks and canons of ancient times, with the
+assistance of their elbows on the upper part of the stalls, half supported
+themselves during certain parts of their long offices, not to be obliged
+always to stand or kneel. It is so contrived, that if the body became
+supine by sleep, it naturally fell down, and the person who rested upon it
+was thrown forward on the middle of the choir.
+
+In the centre, between the Knights' stalls, is the Royal Vault, where
+their Majesties GEORGE II. and Queen CAROLINE are buried; the Prince and
+Princess of WALES, two Dukes of CUMBERLAND, the Duke of YORK, Prince
+FREDERICK WILLIAM, the Princesses AMELIA, CAROLINE, ELIZABETH, LOUISA,
+ANNE; and the two infant Princes, ALFRED and OCTAVIUS, children of George
+III., were removed in January, 1820, to the new royal vault at Windsor.
+
+What is chiefly to be admired here, as well for antiquity as fine
+workmanship, is the magnificent tomb of HENRY VII. and ELIZABETH his
+Queen, the last of the house of York who wore the English crown. This tomb
+stands in the body of the Chapel, enclosed in a curious chantry of cast
+brass, most admirably designed and executed, and ornamented with statues,
+of which those only of St. George, St. James, St. Bartholomew, and St.
+Edward, are now remaining. Within it are the effigies of the Royal pair,
+in their robes of state, lying close to each other, on a tomb of black
+marble, the head whereof is supported by a red dragon, the ensign of
+Cadwallader, the last King of the Britons, from whom Henry VII. was fond
+of tracing his descent, and the foot by an angel. There are likewise other
+devices alluding to his family and alliances; such as portcullises,
+signifying his relation to the Beauforts by his mother's side; roses
+twisted and crowned, in memory of the union of the two Royal Houses of
+York and Lancaster. There are six compartments, three on the north, and as
+many on the south side of its base. The first compartment on the south
+side contains the figures of the Virgin Mary with our Lord in her arms,
+and that of the Archangel St. Michael. The figures in the scales, though
+now mutilated, were meant for personal representations of moral good and
+evil; the Saint is weighing them in his balance; the good preponderates;
+but the Devil, who is represented by the figure under his feet, is
+reaching with one of his clawed feet at the scale which contains the
+figure of Evil, in order, by the addition of his own force, to render that
+the heaviest. The first figure in the second compartment is doubtless
+intended for St. John the Baptist, he having a book in his left hand, with
+an _Agnus Dei_ impressed upon it. The other is a figure of St. John the
+Evangelist, and the figure of the eagle. The first figure of the third
+compartment is intended for St. George; the other figure, from the pig's
+head visible near him, the frequent symbol by which he is denoted, is
+intended for St. Anthony of Vienna. The first figure in the fourth
+compartment, north side, is meant for Mary Magdalen, supposing her to hold
+the box of ointment. The other figure represents St. Barbara, who was the
+daughter of a Pagan, and dwelt with her father in a certain tower. To this
+tower adjoined a garden, in which the father determined to build a bath,
+with the necessary accommodation of rooms, and therein to make windows to
+the number of two only. Being about to undertake a journey, he left his
+instructions with the artificers, which his daughter presumed to vary, by
+directing them instead of two to make three. Upon her father's return, he
+inquired into the reason of this deviation from his orders; and being told
+that in allusion to three persons of the Holy Trinity his daughter had
+directed it, he found that she was become a convert to Christianity; and
+being exasperated thereat, stimulated the Emperor to a persecution of the
+Christians, in which she became a martyr to the faith. The first figure in
+the fifth compartment is intended for St. Christopher, bearing our Saviour
+upon his shoulder. The other figure is thought to be St. Anne. In the
+sixth and last compartment, the first figure is intended for King Edward
+the Confessor; the other figure is a Benedictine Monk. Henry VII. died
+April 21st, 1509, and his Queen, February 11th, 1502.--_The work of
+Torrigiano._
+
+EDWARD VI., grandson of Henry VII., who died July 6th, 1553, in the
+sixteenth year of his age, and seventh of his reign. On the holy table is
+the following inscription in Latin:--"In place of the ancient altar,
+destroyed in the civil wars, to the honour of God and in pious memory of
+Edward VI., who is buried beneath, this holy table, in a gentler age, was
+placed by Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, D.D., Dean of Westminster. 1870."
+
+On the south side of the tomb of Henry VII., in a small chapel, is a
+monument to LEWIS STUART, Duke of Richmond, and FRANCES, his wife. The
+brass effigies are represented as lying on a marble table, under a canopy
+of brass, curiously wrought, and supported by the figures of Faith, Hope,
+Charity, and Prudence. On the top is a fine figure of Fame, taking her
+flight, and resting only on her toe. This illustrious nobleman was son to
+Esme Stuart, Duke of Lennox, and grandson of James, nephew of James I., to
+whom he was First Gentleman of the Bedchamber and Privy Councillor, a
+Knight of the Garter, and Ambassador to France on behalf of Scotland. He
+died Feb. 16, 1623. His lady was daughter of Thomas, Lord Howard of
+Bindon, son of the Duke of Norfolk, by Elizabeth, daughter of the Duke of
+Buckingham. She died Oct. 8, 1639.--You will likewise see here a pyramid,
+supporting a small urn, in which is contained the heart of ESME STUART,
+son of the Duke of Richmond and Lennox, by Lady Mary, daughter of the Duke
+of Buckingham. He died in France, August 15, 1661, aged eleven years, and
+was succeeded in all his titles by Charles, Earl of Lichfield, his
+cousin-german, who died December 12, 1672, and is here interred.
+
+This monument was originally of great splendour, hardly surpassed by any
+in the Abbey, being wholly composed of jet black marble and bronze gilt.
+The combined effects of neglect, corrosion, and spoliation had at last
+rendered it an unsightly wreck, when, in 1874, its almost complete
+restoration was undertaken by the direction and at the sole cost of the
+Earl of Darnley, who is a lineal descendant in the female line of the
+ancient Stuart family.
+
+A monument to the DUKE DE MONTPENSIER, who is represented with ducal
+coronet and robes, and his remains are beneath. On the front of this tomb
+is the following inscription:--"The most illustrious and Serene Prince,
+ANTHONY PHILIP, Duke of Montpensier, descended from the Kings of France,
+second son of the Duke of Orleans, from his earliest youth bred to arms,
+and even in chains unsubdued; of an erect mind in adversity, and in
+prosperity not elated; a constant patron of the liberal arts, polite,
+pleasant, and courteous to all, nor ever wanting in the duties of brother,
+neighbour, friend, or in the love of his country. After experiencing the
+vicissitudes of fortune, he was received with great hospitality by the
+English nation, and at length rests in this asylum for kings. Born July 3,
+1775. Died May 18, 1807, aged thirty-one. Louis Philip, Duke of Orleans,
+erects this monument in memory of the best of brothers."--_Sir Richard
+Westmacott, sculptor._
+
+The next is an excellent monument to the memory of JOHN SHEFFIELD, Duke of
+Buckingham, where, on an altar, lies his Grace's effigy, in a Roman habit,
+with his Duchess, Catherine, natural daughter of the Duke of York,
+afterwards James II., sitting at his feet weeping. In the reign of Charles
+II. as the inscription sets forth, he was General of the Dutch troop of
+horse, Governor of Kingston Castle upon Hull, and First Gentleman of the
+Bedchamber; in that of James II., Lord Chamberlain; and in that of Queen
+Anne, Lord Privy Seal, and President of the Council. He was in his youth
+an excellent poet, and, in his more advanced years, a fine writer. His
+love of poetry is conspicuous, by the esteem and regard he had for the two
+great masters of it, who flourished in his own time, Dryden and Pope, to
+the first of whom he extended his friendship, even after death, by
+erecting a monument to his memory. To the latter he did honour, by writing
+a poem in his praise. Over his Grace's effigy are inscribed in Latin,
+sentences to the following import:--"I lived doubtful, not dissolute--I
+die unresolved, not unresigned. Ignorance and error are incident to human
+nature. I trust in an almighty and all good God. O! thou Being of Beings,
+have compassion on me;" and underneath it.--"for my King often, for my
+Country ever." His Grace died in the seventy-fourth year of his age, Feb.
+24, 1720, leaving the publication of his works to the care of Mr.
+Pope.--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+The remains of JAMES I. are in the tomb of Henry VII. This Prince reigned
+over Scotland 59 years, and over England 22 years. He was son to Lord
+Darnley, by Mary Queen of Scots. He died March 16, 1625, aged 61, after a
+long and peaceable reign. The remains of his Queen, ANN of Denmark, are in
+the tomb in front of the monument of Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham. She
+died March 2, 1619.
+
+On the north side of Henry the Seventh's Chantry, in a chapel, is a very
+antique monument, decorated with several emblematical figures in brass,
+gilt, the principal of which is Neptune, in a pensive posture, with his
+trident reversed, and Mars with his head crouched. These support the tomb
+on which lie the effigies of GEORGE VILLIERS, Duke of Buckingham, and his
+Duchess, the great favourite of James I. and Charles I., who fell a
+sacrifice to national resentment, and perished by the hands of Felton,
+August 23, 1628, who had no other motive of action but the clamours of the
+people. CATHERINE, his Duchess, was interred in the same vault, April 8,
+1643.
+
+CROMWELL, four of his family, and six officers were buried in the vault at
+the end of this chapel. Their remains were removed at the Restoration.
+
+The following are also interred in this portion of the Chapel:--JOHN
+CAMPBELL, Duke of Argyle and Greenwich, 1743. EDWARD VI., ELIZABETH
+CLAYPOLE, second daughter of Oliver Cromwell, 1658.
+
+
+NORTH AISLE.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    1. Monument to Queen Elizabeth, 1602, and her Sister Queen Mary, 1558.
+
+    2. Mary, Daughter of James the First, 1607.
+
+    3. Edward the Fifth and Duke of York, 1483.
+
+    4. Sophia, Daughter of James the First, 1606.
+
+    5. Marquis of Halifax, 1695.
+
+    6. Earl of Halifax, 1715.
+
+From hence you pass to the North Aisle, by a door on the right hand, where
+is a monument to the memory of CHARLES MOUNTAGUE, the first of this family
+that bore the title of Lord Halifax, son of George Mountague, of Horton.
+In the reigns of William III. and George I. he was placed at the head of
+the Treasury, where, undertaking the reformation of the coin, which in
+those days was most infamously clipped, to the great loss of the public,
+he restored it to its proper value. For these and other public services,
+he was first created Baron, and then Earl of Halifax, and died May 19,
+1715.
+
+In front of this monument was buried JOSEPH ADDISON; to mark the spot a
+slab of white marble, inlaid with solid brass letters and devices, has
+recently been placed by the Earl of Ellesmere. The very appropriate
+epitaph was the effusion of Addison's friend and contemporary, Thomas
+Tickle:--
+
+  ADDISON.
+
+  "Ne'er to these chambers, where the mighty rest,
+  Since their foundation, came a nobler guest;
+  Nor e'er was to the bowers of bliss conveyed
+  A fairer spirit, or more welcome shade.
+  Oh, gone for ever! take this long adieu,
+  And sleep in peace, next thy lov'd Mountague."
+
+  Egerton, Earl of Ellesmere,     Born 1672, Died 1719.
+           P.C. 1849.                  _Poole, mason_.
+
+Also one to the memory of Sir GEORGE SAVILLE, created by Charles I. Baron
+of Eland, and Viscount Halifax, afterwards Earl, and lastly Marquis of
+Halifax. He was Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal for some time in the reigns
+of Charles II., James II., and William III.; and, at the beginning of the
+reign of James II., he was, for a few months, Lord President of the
+Council. He died April 5, 1695.
+
+Here is the lofty and magnificent monument of Queen ELIZABETH, erected to
+her memory by James I., her successor. The inscription speaks her
+character, high descent, and the memorable acts of her glorious
+reign:--"That she was the mother of her country, and the patroness of
+religion and learning; that she was herself skilled in many languages;
+adorned with every excellence of mind and person, and endowed with
+princely virtues beyond her sex; that in her reign, religion was restored
+to its primitive purity; peace was established; money restored to its just
+value; domestic insurrections quelled; France delivered from intestine
+troubles; the Netherlands supported; the Spanish Armada defeated; Ireland,
+almost lost by the secret contrivances of Spain, recovered; the revenues
+of both Universities improved, by a law of provisions, and, in short, all
+England enriched; that she was a most prudent Governess, forty-five years
+a virtuous and triumphant Queen, truly religious, and blessed in all her
+great affairs; and that after a calm and resigned death, in the seventieth
+year of her age, she left the mortal part to be deposited in this Church,
+which she established upon a new footing. She died March 24, 1602, aged
+seventy." Queen MARY, whose reign preceded that of Queen Elizabeth, was
+interred here likewise. She died Nov. 17, 1558.--_Stone, sculptor._
+
+At the end of this Aisle is a small tomb over which is a figure of a
+child, erected to the memory of MARY, third daughter of James I., born at
+Greenwich in 1605; and soon afterwards committed to the care of Lady
+Knevet, in whose house at Stainwell she died, December 19, 1607, at two
+years old.
+
+And a child in a cradle, erected to the memory of SOPHIA, fourth daughter
+of the same King, born at Greenwich in 1606, and died in three days.
+
+Against the end wall is an altar, raised by Charles II. to the memory of
+EDWARD V. and his brother, who, by their treacherous uncle, Richard III.,
+were murdered in the Tower. The inscription, which is in Latin, gives a
+particular account of their sad catastrophe, and is in English
+thus:--"Here lie the relics of Edward V., King of England, and Richard,
+Duke of York, who, being confined in the Tower, and there stifled with
+pillows, were privately and meanly buried, by order of their perfidious
+uncle, Richard, the usurper. Their bones, long inquired after and wished
+for, after laying 191 years in the rubbish of the stairs (_i.e._, those
+lately leading to the Chapel of the White Tower), were, on the 17th of
+July, 1674, by undoubted proofs, discovered, being buried deep in that
+place. Charles II., pitying their unhappy fate, ordered these unfortunate
+Princes to be laid among the relics of their predecessors, in the year
+1678, and the thirtieth of his reign." It is remarkable, that Edward was
+born November 4, 1471, in the sanctuary belonging to this Church, whither
+his mother took refuge during the contest between the houses of York and
+Lancaster; at eleven years of age, upon the death of his father, 1483, he
+was proclaimed King; and on the 23rd of June, in the same year, was
+murdered in the manner already related. Richard, his brother, was born May
+28, 1474, and married, while a child, to Ann Mowbray, heiress of Norfolk.
+
+In front of Queen Elizabeth's tomb are the bodies of GEORGE MONCK, Duke of
+Albemarle, 1670. EDWARD, Earl of Sandwich, 1672.
+
+
+
+
+V.--Chapel of St. Paul.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    _Begin on your left._
+
+    1. Sir Henry Belasyse, 1717.
+
+    2. Colonel Macleod.
+
+    3. Sir John Puckering, 1596.
+
+    4. Sir James Fullerton.
+
+    5. Lord Chancellor Bromley, 1587.
+
+    6. Sir Dudley Carleton, 1631.
+
+    7. Countess of Sussex, 1589.
+
+    8. Lord and Lady Cottington, 1631.
+
+    9. James Watt, 1819.
+
+    10. Sir Giles Daubeny, 1507.
+
+    11. Lewis Robsart, Standard Bearer to Henry V., 1431.
+
+    Lord Delaval and Lord Tyrconnel's Banners hang over the place of their
+    interment.
+
+
+On your left hand is a monument to the memory of Sir HENRY BELASYSE, Knt.,
+Lieutenant-General, some time Governor of Galway in Ireland, and
+afterwards of Berwick-on-Tweed, in the reign of William III. He died
+December 16, 1717, aged sixty-nine. Bridget, wife of his only son, W.
+Belasyse, Esq., died July 28, 1735, aged twenty.--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+Next this, one--"To the memory of Lieutenant-Colonel CHARLES MACLEOD, who
+fell at the siege of Badajos, aged twenty-six years. This monument is
+erected by his brother officers. In Lieutenant-Colonel Macleod, of the
+forty-third Regiment, who was killed in the breach, his Majesty has
+sustained the loss of an officer who was an ornament to his profession,
+and was capable of rendering the most important services to his country."
+Vide Marquis Wellington's Dispatch, 8th April, 1812.--_Nollekens,
+sculptor._
+
+Sir JOHN PUCKERING, Knt., and his Lady, remarkable, as his inscription
+sets forth, for his knowledge in the laws, as well as piety, wisdom, and
+many other virtues. He was Lord Keeper of the Great Seal of England four
+years, in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, in which office he died, April 30,
+1596. His epitaph, in Latin, over his effigy, is thus translated:--
+
+  "The public cares and laws engaged my breast;
+  To live was toilsome, but to die is rest.
+  Wealth, maces, guards, crowns, titles, things that fade,
+  The prey of time and sable death are made.
+
+  VIRTUE INSPIRES MEN.
+
+  His wife this statue rears to her loved spouse,
+  The test of constancy and marriage vows."
+  "I trust I shall see the Lord in the land of the living."
+
+Sir JAMES FULLERTON and his Lady, with an epitaph:--"Here lie the remains
+of Sir James Fullerton, Knight, First Gentleman of the Bedchamber to
+Charles the First (Prince and King), a generous rewarder of all virtue, a
+severe reprover of all vice, a professed renouncer of all vanity. He was a
+firm pillar to the Commonwealth, a faithful patron to the Catholic Church,
+a fair pattern to the British Court. He lived to the welfare of his
+country, to the honour of his Prince, to the glory of his God. He died
+_fuller_ of faith than of fear, _fuller_ of consolation than of pains,
+_fuller_ of honour than of days."
+
+In the middle of this Chapel is a table monument, on which lie the
+effigies of Sir GILES DAUBENY, created Lord Daubeny in the first year of
+the reign of Henry VII., and Dame ELIZABETH, his wife. He seems to have
+been a man of great authority in the reign of Henry VII., as he was Lord
+Lieutenant of Calais, in France, Lord Chamberlain to his Majesty, Knight
+of the Most noble Order of the Garter, and father of Henry Lord Daubeny,
+the first and last Earl of Bridgewater of that surname, by Elizabeth, of
+the ancient family of the Arundels, in Cornwall. He died May 22, 1507, and
+his lady in 1500.
+
+JAMES WATT: he is represented with compasses forming designs, seated on an
+oblong pedestal. The inscription as follows:--"Not to perpetuate a name,
+which must endure while the peaceful arts flourish, but to show that
+mankind have learned to honour those who best deserve their gratitude, the
+king, his ministers, and many of the nobles and commoners of the realm,
+raised this monument to James Watt, who, directing the force of an
+original genius, early exercised in philosophical research, to the
+improvement of the steam-engine, enlarged the resources of his country,
+increased the power of man, and rose to an eminent place among the most
+illustrious followers of science, and the real benefactors of the world.
+Born at Greenock, 1736, died at Heathfield, in Staffordshire,
+1819."--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+Sir THOMAS BROMLEY, Knight, Privy Councillor to Queen Elizabeth, and eight
+years Chancellor, in which office he died, April 12, 1587, to the grief of
+all good men. The eight children depicted on this tomb, were all by his
+Lady, Elizabeth, of the family of Fortescue.
+
+Sir DUDLEY CARLETON, afterwards made Viscount Dorchester, for his eminent
+services to Charles I. and his father, both abroad and at home. He was a
+person versed in the languages, customs, and laws of most of the European
+nations, and was entrusted both by James I. and his successors, with the
+most important foreign negotiations. After the death of James I., he was
+sent to Holland, and was the last deputy who voted in the Assembly of the
+States, which great privilege the crown of England possessed from the
+beginning of Queen Elizabeth's reign to this period. He died Feb. 15,
+1631, aged fifty-seven.
+
+FRANCES, Countess of Essex. This great lady was the wife of Thomas
+Ratcliffe, Earl of Sussex, Lord Deputy of Ireland, and Knight of the
+Garter, &c., and daughter of Sir William Sidney, of Pensehurst, Knight. By
+her last will, having outlived her husband, she instituted a divinity
+lecture to be read in this Collegiate Church, gave 5,000_l._ towards the
+building of a new College in Cambridge, now called Sidney Sussex College;
+and left a sufficient yearly revenue for the maintenance of one master ten
+fellows, and twenty scholars, either in the said new college, or else in
+Clare Hall. She died April 15, 1589, aged fifty-eight.
+
+Next to this is a monument of black marble, very remarkably different from
+every other in the Abbey. On the top of it is a circular frame of gilt
+brass, enclosing the bust of ANN, Lady Cottington, wife of Francis, Lord
+Cottington, Baron of Hanworth, so created by Charles I. She was daughter
+of Sir William Meredith, of Denbighshire, by Jane, his wife, of the family
+of the Palmers, in Kent, and died February 22, 1633, in the thirty-third
+year of her age, having had four daughters and a son, all of whom died
+before their father, who, on a table monument beneath, lies in effigy,
+resting on his left arm; and over a satyr's head is this inscription in
+English: "Here lies Francis, Lord Cottington, of Hanworth, who, in the
+reign of Charles I., was Chancellor of his Majesty's Exchequer, Master of
+the Court of Wards, Constable of the Tower, Lord High Treasurer of
+England, and one of the Privy Council. He was twice Ambassador in Spain,
+once for the said King, and a second time for Charles II., now reigning,
+to both of whom he most signally showed his allegiance and fidelity,
+during the unhappy civil broils of those times; and for his faithful
+adherence to the Crown (the Usurper prevailing) was forced to fly his
+country; and, during his exile, died at Valladolid, in Spain, June 19,
+1652, in the seventy-fourth year of his age, whence his body was brought,
+and here interred, by Charles Cottington, Esq., his nephew and heir, in
+1679."
+
+The next is a very old Gothic monument, erected to the memory of LEWIS
+ROBERT, or ROBSART, a foreigner, but standard bearer to Henry V., a Knight
+of the Bath, and afterwards of the Garter, and at length created Lord
+Bourchier. His wife was Elizabeth, daughter of St. Bartholomew Bourchier,
+and probably a relation to Geoffrey Chaucer, the old English poet.
+
+On leaving this Chapel, on your right is a monument to the memory of
+WILLIAM PULTENEY, Earl of Bath, with a medallion and urn, supported by
+Wisdom and Poetry. The inscription is as follows:--"Erected to the memory
+of William Pulteney, Earl of Bath, by his brother, the Hon. Harry
+Pulteney, General of his Majesty's Forces, 1764, Ob. July 7, 1767, Æt.
+eighty-one."--_Wilton, sculptor._
+
+[Illustration: CHAPEL OF EDWARD THE CONFESSOR, LOOKING WEST.]
+
+CHARLES HOLMES, Esq., Rear-Admiral of the White; who is represented in a
+Roman habit, leaning against a cannon mounted on a sea carriage; an
+anchor, cable, and flag in the back ground.--"He died the 21st of Nov.,
+1761, Commander-in-Chief of his Majesty's fleet stationed at Jamaica, aged
+fifty. Erected by his grateful nieces, Mary Stanwix and Lucretia
+Stowe."--_Wilton, sculptor._
+
+In front of the monument to Admiral Holmes, is an old gravestone, plated
+with brass, with Latin inscription, to JOHN of WINDSOR, nephew of Sir
+William of Windsor, Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in the reign of Edward III.
+He died April 4, 1414.
+
+Near this spot was buried JOHN PYM, the celebrated Parliamentary orator,
+who died December 13, 1643; and also JAMES USHER, Archbishop of Armagh,
+1656.
+
+
+
+
+VI.--Chapel of St. Edward.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    1. Henry the Third, 1272.
+
+    2. Queen Eleanor, 1290.
+
+    3. Henry the Fifth, 1423.
+
+    4. Queen Phillippa, 1369.
+
+    5. Edward the Third, 1377.
+
+    6. Margaret Woodville, Daughter of Edward the Fourth, on which is
+    placed a Sword and Shield of State, carried before Edward the Third,
+    1316.
+
+    7. Richard the Second and Queen, 1399, 1394.
+
+    8. Coronation Chair of Edward the First, 1297.
+
+    9. Coronation Chair made for Mary, Wife of William the Third.
+
+    10. Tomb of Edward the First, 1307.
+
+    11. Shrine of Edward the Confessor, 1065.
+
+    12. Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, 1397.
+
+    13. John of Waltham, Bishop of Salisbury, 1388. Pavement laid down in
+    1260.
+
+
+The first curiosity that commands your reverence is the ancient venerable
+shrine of ST. EDWARD, once the glory of England, but now defaced and
+robbed of its beauty, by the devotees of this extreme pious man, all of
+whom were proud to possess some stone or dust from his tomb. This shrine
+was erected by Henry III. in 1269, to receive the remains of St. Edward,
+upon his translation from the shrine built by Henry II., upon the
+canonization of Edward, King of England (third of that name, and the last
+of the Saxon race), by Pope Alexander III., in 1163, who caused his name
+to be placed in the catalogue of saints, and issued his bull to the Abbot
+Laurentius, and the Convent of Westminster, enjoining, "That his body be
+honoured here on earth, as his soul is glorified in heaven." He died in
+1065. How costly the shrine, &c., was, appears by a record in the
+Tower.--_Parl. Roll. 51st of Henry III._ "Henry III., with consent of the
+Abbot and Convent of Westminster, pledged the jewels belonging to the body
+and shrine of Edward the Confessor to foreigners, being necessitated on
+account of heavy emergencies; the value of the said jewels amounted to
+£2,557. 4_s._ 8_d._"
+
+On the south side of the shrine, EDITHA, daughter of Goodwyn, Earl of
+Kent, and Queen of St. Edward, lies interred. The writers of those times
+commended her for beauty, learning, prudent economy, gentle manners, and
+inimitable skill in needlework, having wrought with her own hands the
+curious and magnificent robes the King used to wear on his collar days.
+She died at Winchester, Jan. 15, 1073. Part of a Latin epitaph on this
+excellent Princess has been handed down, and is to this effect:--
+
+  "Success ne'er sat exulting in her eye,
+  Nor disappointment heaved the troubled sigh;
+  Prosperity ne'er sadden'd o'er her brow,
+  While glad in trouble she enjoyed her woe:
+  Beauty ne'er made her vain, nor sceptres proud,
+  Nor titles taught to scorn the meaner crowd.
+  Supreme humility was awful grace,
+  And her chief charm a bashfulness of face."
+
+Near this was buried MATILDA, Queen of England, daughter of Malcolm, King
+of Scots, and wife to Henry I. She died May 1, 1118. This Queen would,
+every day in Lent, walk from her palace to this church barefoot, and
+wearing a garment of hair. No verse or stone to mark the place of
+interment are to be found.
+
+On the north side of this Chapel is an ancient tomb of admirable
+workmanship and materials, the panels being of polished porphyry, and the
+Mosaic work round them of gold and scarlet; at the corners of the table
+are twisted pillars, gilt and enamelled, and the effigy of HENRY III. upon
+it is of gilt brass, finely executed. He died in 1272, after a troublesome
+reign of fifty-six years, aged sixty-five, and was buried by the Knights
+Templars, of whose order his father was the founder, with such splendour,
+that Wykes, the Monk, says, he made a more magnificent figure when dead,
+than he had done while living.--_Cavalini._
+
+Near that of Henry III. is a small monument in memory of ELIZABETH TUDOR,
+second daughter of Henry VII., who died at Eltham, in Kent, Sept. 14th,
+1495, aged three years, from whence she was removed in great funeral pomp,
+and here buried.
+
+At the feet of Henry III. is an ancient monument of ELEANOR, Queen of
+Edward I. On the sides of this monument are engraven the arms of Castile
+and Leon, quarterly, and those of Fontheiu, hanging on vines and oak
+leaves; and round the copper verge is embossed this inscription, in Saxon
+characters: "Ici gist Alianor iadis Reyne de Engletere femme al Rey
+Edeward Fiz (lerey Henry efylle alrey deespaygne econtasse de) puntif del
+alme deli Deu pur sa pite eyt merci. Amen." Translation:--_Here lies
+Eleanor, formerly Queen of England, wife to King Edward son of King Henry,
+daughter of the King of Spain, and Countess of Ponthieu; upon whose soul
+may God for His pity have mercy. Amen._ The upper line is visible on the
+south side, the words within brackets are concealed under the tomb of King
+Henry V., the remainder is on the north side. It is remarkable, the body
+only of this Queen lies here interred, and her heart in the choir of the
+Friars Predicants in London. She died Dec. 27, 1290.--_Cavalini._
+
+The chantry of Henry V. is next, on each side of which are images as large
+as life, guarding, as it were, the staircases ascending to it. Beneath is
+the tomb of that glorious and warlike Prince, HENRY of MONMOUTH (so called
+from the place of his nativity). On the upper slab lies a headless and
+otherwise mutilated figure of the King, carved in oak, which was
+originally covered with silver; the head appears to have been cast in
+silver; but this, Camden says, "was gone when he wrote his Britannica, in
+the reign of Elizabeth." This Prince was guilty of great extravagances in
+his youth, and is said, with Sir John Falstaff, to have belonged to a gang
+of sharpers; yet, upon his advancement to the crown made a most excellent
+King, and, by the memorable battle of Agincourt, acquired to himself and
+the English nation immortal glory. He died in France, Aug. 31, 1422, in
+the thirty-fourth year of his age, and the tenth of his reign. In the
+chantry above, is the saddle, helmet, and shield, supposed to have been
+used at Agincourt, brought here at his interment.--_John Anderne,
+sculptor._
+
+The next is an ancient tomb to the memory of PHILLIPPA, third daughter of
+William, Earl of Hainault, and Queen of Edward III., with whom she lived
+forty-two years, and bore him fourteen children. Harding tells us, that
+when an embassy was sent to choose one of the Earl's daughters, a certain
+English Bishop advised to choose the lady with the largest hips, as
+promising a numerous progeny. She died August 15, 1369; and the King, her
+husband, bestowed a profusion of expense in performing her exequies and
+erecting her tomb, round which were placed as ornaments the brazen statues
+of no less than thirty kings, princes, and noble personages, her
+relations.
+
+Adjoining to this is the tomb of EDWARD III., which is likewise covered
+with a Gothic canopy. On a table of grey marble lies the effigy of this
+Prince, though his corpse was deposited in the same grave with the
+Queen's, according to her request on her death-bed. This tomb was
+surrounded, like the former, with statues, particularly those of his
+children, six of which remain on the south side of the tomb; viz., Edward,
+Joan-de-la-Tour, Lionel, Edmund, Mary, and William. He died June 21, 1377,
+aged sixty-four.
+
+Here is likewise a monument in memory of MARGARET, daughter of Edward IV.,
+by Elizabeth Woodville, his Queen, which had once an inscription upon it,
+showing her name, quality, and age, being only nine months. She died April
+19, 1472.
+
+Between the Chairs are placed the shield and sword carried before Edward
+III., in France. The sword is seven feet long, and weighs eighteen pounds.
+
+Under a large stone, once finely plated with brass, lies the great THOMAS
+of WOODSTOCK, Duke of Gloucester; he was brother to the Black Prince, and
+sixth and youngest son of Edward III. He was murdered at Calais, Sept. 8,
+1397.
+
+Next adjoining to this is a tomb, erected to the memory of RICHARD II. and
+his Queen; over which is a canopy of wood, remarkable for a curious
+painting of the Virgin Mary and our Saviour still visible upon it. This
+Richard was son of Edward the Black Prince, and grandson of Edward III.,
+whom he succeeded at eleven years of age. He was murdered on St.
+Valentine's day, 1399. In the same tomb lies his Queen, ANNE, daughter of
+Charles IV., and sister of Wenceslaus, Emperor and King of Bohemia, who
+brought him neither dowry nor issue. She died at Shene, June 7, 1394,
+after being married twelve years.
+
+THE CORONATION CHAIRS.--The most ancient of them was made to enclose the
+stone (which is reported to be Jacob's Pillar), brought with regalia from
+Scotland, by Edward I., and offered to St. Edward's shrine, in the year
+1297 (after he had overcome John Baliol, King of Scots, in several
+battles). In this chair all the reigning Sovereigns have been crowned
+since Edward I. The other chair was made for Queen Mary II. At the
+coronation, one or both of them are covered with gold tissue, and placed
+before the altar, behind which they now stand, surrounded by several
+monarchs, who seem to guard them even in death.
+
+Above those chairs, along the frieze of the screen of this Chapel, are
+fourteen legendary sculptures, respecting the Confessor. The first is the
+trial of Queen Emma; the next the birth of Edward; another is his
+coronation; the fourth tells us how our saint was frightened into the
+abolition of the Dean-gelt, by his seeing the devil dance upon the money
+casks; the fifth is the story of his winking at the thief, who was robbing
+his treasure; the sixth is meant to relate the appearance of our Saviour
+to him; the seventh shows how the invasion of England was frustrated by
+the drowning of the Danish King; in the eighth is seen the quarrel between
+the boys Totsi and Harold, predicting their respective fates; in the ninth
+sculpture is the Confessor's vision of the seven sleepers; the tenth, how
+he met St. John the Evangelist in the guise of a pilgrim; the eleventh,
+how the blind were cured by their eyes being washed in his dirty water;
+the twelfth, how St. John delivers to the pilgrims a ring; in the
+thirteenth they deliver the ring to the King, which he had unknowingly
+given to St. John as an alms, when he met him in the form of a pilgrim;
+this was attended with a message from the saint, foretelling the death of
+the King; and the fourteenth shows the consequential haste made by him to
+complete his pious foundation.
+
+Before leaving this Chapel you will observe a large plain tomb, composed
+of five slabs of grey marble; two make the sides, two the ends, and one
+the cover. This rough unpolished tomb enclosed the body of the glorious
+King EDWARD I., of whom we have just been speaking. He was son of Henry
+III., and born at Westminster, June 17, 1239, named Edward, in honour of
+St. Edward, his father's patron and predecessor, and afterwards
+Longshanks, from his tall and slender body. He is called Edward I.,
+because he was the first of that name after the Conquest. He died July 7,
+1307, after a reign of thirty-four years, and a life of sixty-eight. This
+tomb was opened in 1774, by permission of Dr. Thomas, then Dean of
+Westminster, granted to the Society of Antiquaries, a deputation of whom,
+with the Dean, attended the process. The body was perfect, having on two
+robes, one of gold and silver tissue, and the other of crimson velvet; a
+sceptre in each hand, measuring near five feet; a crown on his head, and
+many jewels; he measured six feet two inches.
+
+Near this tomb is a large stone, plated with brass, to the memory of JOHN
+of WALTHAM, the twenty-sixth Bishop of Salisbury, anno 1388. He was master
+of the Rolls in 1382, then Keeper of the Privy Seal, in the year 1391, and
+died Lord High Treasurer of England to Richard II., in 1395.
+
+In this Chapel was interred the heart of HENRY D'ALMADE, son of Richard,
+King of the Romans, brother of Henry III. He was sacrilegiously
+assassinated in the Church of St. Silvester, at Viterbo, as he was
+performing his devotions before the high altar. Simon and Guido Montford,
+sons of Simon de Montford, Earl of Leicester, were the assassins, in
+revenge for their father's death, who, with their brother Henry, was slain
+in the battle of Evesham, in fighting against their lawful sovereign. The
+picture of this murder the inhabitants had painted, and hung up in the
+church, where we are told it still remains. This murder happened in 1270,
+and in the year after the body of Henry was brought to England, and buried
+in the monastery of St. Helen's; but his heart was put in a cup, and
+placed near St. Edward's shrine, of the removal of which we have no
+account.
+
+Upon a careful perusal of the guide-book to this portion of the Abbey, it
+will not be uninteresting to observe that the bodies of six kings, five
+queens, two princesses, a duke, and a bishop are deposited in this
+remarkable receptacle of the dead.
+
+Before entering the Chapel of St. John, on the right or east side of the
+door, is a monument erected to the memory of JANE, daughter and co-heiress
+of Sir John Pulteney, and wife of Sir Clippesby Crewe, Knt. She died Dec.
+2, 1639, aged twenty-nine.
+
+On the left, or west side of the door, is a monument to the memory of
+JULIANA, only daughter of Sir Randolph Crewe, Knt., Lord Chief Justice of
+England. She died unmarried April 22, 1621.
+
+Over the door is the monument of the Right Rev. Dr. BARNARD, Lord Bishop
+of Londonderry, who died in London, January 10, 1768, aged seventy-two,
+and was here buried.
+
+
+
+
+VII.--Chapel of St. John.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+    _Begin on your Left._
+
+    1. Sir Thomas Vaughan.
+
+    2. Colonel Popham, 1651.
+
+    3. Carey, Son of the Earl of Monmouth, 1648.
+
+    4. Hugh de Bohun, and Mary his Sister, grandchildren of Edward the
+    First.
+
+    5. Carey, Baron of Hunsdon, 1596.
+
+    6. Countess of Mexborough, 1821.
+
+    7. William of Colchester, Abbot of Westminster, 1420.
+
+    8. O. Ruthall, Bishop of Durham, 1524.
+
+    9. Thomas Millyng, Bishop of Hereford, 1492.
+
+    10. Abbot Fascet, 1500.
+
+    11. Mrs. Mary Kendall.
+
+    12. Cecil, Earl of Exeter, 1622, and Lady, 1608.
+
+
+On the left, in this Chapel, is an ancient monument to the memory of Sir
+THOMAS VAUGHAN, Knight, Chamberlain to Edward, Prince of Wales, and
+Treasurer of Edward IV. On the top are the mutilated remains of a brass
+plate of the Knight.
+
+In the recess of this tomb is a bust to the memory of FREDERICK DENISON
+MAURICE. Born August 29th, 1805; died April 1st, 1872; buried at Highgate.
+"God is Light." "He was sent to bear witness of that Light."--_T. Woolner,
+R.A._
+
+Next to this, proceeding on your left hand, is a monument to the memory of
+Colonel EDWARD POPHAM, an officer in Oliver Cromwell's army, and his Lady.
+The inscription on this monument was erased at the Restoration, otherwise
+it would have been removed. He died at Dover, August 19, 1651.
+
+A tablet to the memory of THOMAS CAREY, second son of the Earl of
+Monmouth. He was gentleman of the Bedchamber to Charles I.; and is said to
+have died of grief, in 1648, at the age of thirty-three, for the unhappy
+fate of his Royal Master.
+
+Under this is a tombstone of grey marble, to the memory of HUGH DE BOHUN,
+and MARY, his sister, grandchildren to Edward I.
+
+The next monument is to the memory of HENRY CAREY, first cousin to Queen
+Elizabeth, created Baron of Hunsdon, in Hertfordshire, in 1558; was some
+time Governor of Berwick, Lord Chamberlain to Queen Elizabeth, Privy
+Councillor and Knight of the Garter; but not being preferred as he
+expected, he laid the disappointment so much to heart, that he languished
+for a long time on a sick bed, at which the Queen being moved too late,
+created him an Earl, and ordered the patent and robes to be laid before
+him, but without effect. He died July 23, 1596, aged seventy-two.
+
+In the middle of the Chapel is the tomb of THOMAS CECIL, Earl of Exeter,
+Baron Burleigh, Knight of the Garter, and Privy Councillor to James I.;
+whereon is his effigy, with a lady on his right side, and a vacant space
+on his left for another. He died February 7, 1622. The lady on his right
+side is Dorothy Nevil, his first wife, daughter and co-heiress of the
+Noble Lord Latimer, who died May 22, 1608; and the vacant space was left
+for his second wife, Frances Bridget, of the noble family of Chandos; but
+as the right side was taken up, she gave express orders, by her will, not
+to place her effigy on his left; notwithstanding which, they are all
+buried together in one vault, as the inscription expresses. She died in
+1663.
+
+In the corner to the left is a tablet:--"Sacred to the memory of the Right
+Hon. ELIZABETH, Countess of Mexborough, who departed this life June 7, in
+the year of our Lord 1821, aged fifty-nine. Her afflicted husband, John,
+Earl of Mexborough, hath erected this monument to her memory, in token of
+his deep sorrow for her loss, and of his sincere love and affection."
+
+WILLIAM of COLCHESTER, Abbot of Westminster, who died in the year 1420,
+has also an ancient stone monument in this chapel, whereon lies his
+effigy, properly habited, the head supported by an angel, the feet by a
+lamb.
+
+THOMAS RUTHALL, made Bishop of Durham by Henry VIII. He had been a
+Secretary of State to Henry VII., and was by Henry VIII. made a Privy
+Councillor, and sent on several embassies abroad. He died, immensely rich,
+in 1524.
+
+A third is that of GEORGE FASCET, Abbot of Westminster, in the time of
+Henry VII., of whom we can find nothing material. He died in the year
+1500.
+
+On this monument stands the stone coffin of THOMAS MILLYNG, Bishop of
+Hereford, some time Abbot of Westminster, and Privy Councillor to Edward
+IV., who died in 1492.
+
+Facing you is a monument to the memory of Mrs. MARY KENDALL, daughter of
+Thomas Kendall, Esq., and of Mrs. Mary Hallett, his wife, of Killigarth,
+in Cornwall, who died in her thirty-third year. Her many virtues, as her
+epitaph sets forth, "rendered her every way worthy of that close union and
+friendship in which she lived with Lady Catherine Jones; and in testimony
+of which, she desired that even their ashes, after death, might not be
+divided, and therefore ordered herself here to be interred, where she knew
+that excellent lady designed one day to rest near the grave of her beloved
+and religious mother Elizabeth, Countess of Ranelagh. She was born at
+Westminster November 8, 1677, and died at Epsom, March 4, 1710."
+
+Above is a monument to ESTHER DE LA TOUR DE GOUVERNET, the Lord Eland's
+lady. The inscription is in Latin and English, and contains an encomium on
+her many excellent virtues. She died in 1694, aged twenty-eight.--_Nadaud,
+sculptor._
+
+
+
+
+VIII.--Chapel of Islip, otherwise Saint John the Baptist.
+
+
+In the middle of this Chapel formerly stood the monument of Abbot ISLIP;
+it consisted of a ground plinth, or basement, on which was an alabaster
+statue of the Abbot, who was represented as a skeleton in a shroud or
+winding sheet. Over this was a canopy, on which was anciently a fine
+painting of our Saviour on the Cross, destroyed by the Puritans in
+Cromwell's time, who were enemies to everything that favoured Popish
+idolatry, though ever so masterly. Islip was a great favourite with Henry
+VII., and was employed by him in decorating his new chapel, and in
+repairing and beautifying the whole Abbey. He dedicated his own chapel to
+St. John the Baptist, and died May 12, 1532, and was buried in his own
+chapel.
+
+On the right is the tomb of Sir CHRISTOPHER HATTON, and his Lady, in
+reclining attitudes on cushions. Sir Christopher died September 10, 1619;
+and his widow erected this memorial of his virtues and of their own
+affectionate union.
+
+On the left, opposite the Chapel of Islip, are two very ancient monuments
+of Knights Templars. The first, that of EDMUND CROUCHBACK, son of Henry
+III., so called, as some affirm, from the deformity of his person; but
+according to others from his attending his brother in the holy wars, where
+they wore a crouch or cross on their shoulders as a badge of Christianity.
+From this Prince the House of Lancaster claimed their right to the crown.
+On the base, towards the area, are the remains of ten knights, armed, with
+banners, surcoats of armour and cross-belted, representing, undoubtedly,
+his expedition to the Holy Land, the number exactly corresponding with
+what Matthew Paris reports, namely, Edward and his brother, four Earls,
+and four Knights, of whom some are still discoverable, particularly the
+Lord Roger Clifford, as were formerly, in Waverley's time, William de
+Valence, and Thomas de Clare.
+
+The next ancient monument is to the memory of AYMER DE VALENCE, second and
+last Earl of Pembroke of this family; he was third son of William de
+Valence, Earl of Pembroke, "whom he succeeded in his estates and honours.
+He was employed in the Scottish wars in the reigns of Edward I. and II.
+Edward II., in 1314, appointed him general of all his forces from the
+Trent to Roxborough. He was appointed to attend Isabel, the Queen Mother,
+to France, and there murdered, on June 23rd, 1323."
+
+The Countess of Lancaster's tomb is seen from the choir, but from this
+part is hid by the monument of Lord Ligonier; it is canopied with an
+ancient Gothic arch, the sides of which were decorated with vine branches
+in relief, the roof within springing into many angles, under which lay the
+image of a lady, in an antique dress, her feet resting upon lions, and her
+head on pillars, supported by angels on each side. This monument covered
+the remains of AVELINE, Countess of Lancaster, daughter of William de
+Fortibus, Earl of Albemarle and Holdernesse, by Isabella daughter and
+heiress of Baldwin, Earl of Devon. This lady married Edmund, Earl of
+Lancaster, son of Henry III., but died the very year of her marriage, Nov.
+4, 1293.
+
+On the right is a monument to the memory of General WOLFE, who was killed
+at the siege of Quebec, 1759. He is represented falling into the arms of a
+grenadier, with his right hand over the mortal wound: the grenadier is
+pointing to Glory in the form of an angel in the clouds, holding forth a
+wreath ready to crown him, whilst a Highland sergeant looks sorrowfully
+on: two lions watch at his feet. The inscription as follows:--"To the
+memory of James Wolfe, Major General and Commander-in-Chief of the British
+Land Forces on an expedition against Quebec, who, after surmounting, by
+ability and valour, all obstacles of art and nature, was slain in the
+moment of victory, on the 13th of September, 1759, the King and the
+Parliament of Great Britain dedicate this monument."--_Wilton, sculptor._
+
+On the right hand wall, side of Wolfe, is a monument to the memory of
+Bishop DUPPA, tutor to Charles II., a man of such exemplary piety, lively
+conversation, and excess of good nature, that when Charles I. was a
+prisoner in Carisbrooke Castle, he thought himself happy in the company of
+so good a man. He was born at Greenwich, and educated first at Westminster
+School, and then at Christ Church College, Oxford, of which he was
+afterwards Dean; and being selected for the Preceptor to the then Prince
+of Wales, was first made Bishop of Chichester, from thence translated to
+Salisbury, and after the Restoration to the See of Winchester. He died
+March 26, 1622, in the seventy-fourth year of his age.--_Burman,
+sculptor._
+
+Beneath is a tablet, "Sacred to the memory of JOHN THEOPHILUS BERESFORD,
+eldest son of Marcus Beresford, and the Lady Frances, his wife, Lieutenant
+in the eighty-eighth regiment of foot, who died in the twenty-first year
+of his age, at Villa Formosa, in Spain, of wounds received from the
+exploding of a powder magazine, at Ciudad Rodrigo, after he had passed
+unhurt through eight days of voluntary service, of the greatest danger
+during the siege, for which he received the thanks of the
+Commander-in-Chief. Brave and zealous in his military duties, animated by
+a strong feeling of piety to God, and distinguished by his ardent filial
+affection and duty towards a widowed mother, he has left to her the
+recollection of his rising virtues as her only consolation under the
+irreparable loss she has sustained by his death. Born, Jan. 16, 1792, and
+died Jan. 29, 1812; interred with military honours, in the fort of
+Almeida.--'_Yea, speedily was he taken away, lest that wickedness should
+alter his understanding, or deceit beguile his soul._'--Wisdom of Solomon,
+chap. iv., verse 11."--_Westmacott, sculptor._
+
+Next to this is a tablet to the memory of Sir JAMES ADOLPHUS OUGHTON,
+Commander-in-Chief of his Majesty's forces in North Britain. The
+inscription is a recital of his military employments, and a record of his
+death, which took place April 14, 1780, in the sixty-first year of his
+age.--_Hayward, sculptor._
+
+On the floor is the image of an Abbot in his mass habit curiously
+engraved on brass, representing JOHN DE EASTNEY, who died March 4, 1498.
+By the records of the Church he appears to have been a great benefactor to
+it; he ornamented the grand west window with some noble paintings on glass
+of which some little still remains. He gave the screen to the Chapel, and
+presented two images gilt for the altar of St. Peter and St. Paul, and one
+for the chapter house. He paid the King 1,000_l._ on account of the
+merchants, and 3,700_l._ to the Court of Rome, due for the confirmation of
+abbots.
+
+A little to the left, on another gravestone, plated with brass, is the
+figure of an armed Knight, resting his feet on a lion, and his head on a
+greyhound, which, as the register informs us, represents Sir JOHN
+HARPEDON, Knight, who died in 1457.
+
+Adjoining this is a gravestone, on which have been the figures, in brass,
+of THOMAS BROWNE and HUMPHREY ROBERTS, two monks of this Church, who died
+in 1508.
+
+On the right as you enter the Chapel is another gravestone, on which has
+been the effigy of Sir THOMAS PARRY, Knight, Treasurer of the Household,
+Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries to Queen Elizabeth. He died
+December 15, 1560.
+
+
+
+
+IX.--Chapels of St. John the Evangelist, St. Andrew, and St. Michael.
+
+[Illustration: CHAPELS OF ST. JOHN THE EVANGELIST, ST. ANDREW, ST.
+MICHAEL, NOW ONE CHAPEL]
+
+    _Begin on the left._
+
+    1. General Villettes, 1808.
+
+    2. General Sir Charles Stuart, 1801.
+
+    3. Two Sons of General Forbes, 1791 and 1799.
+
+    4. Admiral Kempenfelt, 1782.
+
+    5. Earl and Countess of Mountrath, 1751 and 1766.
+
+    6. Admiral Totty, 1802.
+
+    7. Earl and Countess of Kerry, 1518.
+
+    8. Mr. Telford, 1834.
+
+    9. Dr. Baillie, 1823.
+
+    10. Miss Davidson, 1767.
+
+    11. Dr. Young, 1829.
+
+    12. Lord and Lady Norris and Family, 1601.
+
+    13. Mrs. Ann Kirton, 1603.
+
+    14. Sarah, Duchess of Somerset, 1692.
+
+    15. Nightingale Family, 1734 and 1752.
+
+    16. Admiral Sir George Pocock, 1792.
+
+    17. Sir George Holles, son of Sir Francis Vere, 1626.
+
+    18. Captain Edward Cook, 1799.
+
+    19. Sir Humphry Davy, 1829.
+
+    20. Sir Francis Vere, 1608.
+
+
+Turning round on your right is an unique monument to the memory of Sir
+FRANCIS VERE, a gentleman of the first reputation, both for learning and
+arms, "one of the most accomplished soldiers of Queen Elizabeth's reign,
+having the command of the auxiliary troops in the Dutch service, nearly
+twenty years." He died August 28, 1608, in the fifty-fourth year of his
+age. Loose armour is represented being supported by four armed knights.
+
+On the back of General Wolfe's monument is a tablet to the memory of Sir
+HUMPHREY DAVY, Bart., distinguished throughout the world "by his
+discoveries in chemical science; President of the Royal Society; Member of
+the National Institute of France. Born 17th December, 1778, at Penzance.
+Died 29th May, 1829, at Geneva, where his remains are interred."
+
+A monument is here erected, by the East India Company, as a grateful
+testimony to the value and eminent services of Captain EDWARD COOKE,
+Commander of his Majesty's ship Sybille, who on the 1st of March, 1799,
+after a long and well-contested engagement, captured La Forte, a French
+frigate of very superior force, in the Bay of Bengal; an event not more
+splendid in its achievement, than important in its result to the British
+trade in India. He died in consequence of the severe wounds he received in
+this memorable action, on the 23rd of May, 1799, aged
+twenty-seven.--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+The next is a monument to the memory of Sir GEORGE HOLLES, nephew of Sir
+Francis Vere, and a Major-General under him. He died May, 1626, aged
+fifty. This monument was erected by John, Earl of Clare.--_Nicholas Stone,
+sculptor._
+
+Adjoining is a monument to the memory of Sir GEORGE POCOCK, K.B., Admiral
+of the Blue, who distinguished himself at the taking of Geriah, and in
+leading the attack at the reduction of Chandernagore; afterwards, with an
+inferior force, he defeated the French Fleet under M. D'Ache in three
+several engagements; returning from his successful career in the East, he
+was appointed to command the fleet upon the expedition against the
+Havannah, by his united efforts in the conquest of which, he added fresh
+laurels to his own brow, and a valuable possession to this kingdom. A life
+so honourable to himself, and so endeared to his friends and his family,
+was happily extended to the age of eighty-six, and resigned, in the year
+1793, with the same tranquil and serene mind which peculiarly marked and
+adorned the whole course of it.--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+A monument to the memory of JOSEPH GASCOIGNE NIGHTINGALE, and his Lady.
+The lady is represented expiring in the arms of her husband; beneath,
+slyly creeping from a tomb, the King of Terrors presents his grim visage,
+pointing his unerring dart to the dying figure, at which sight the
+husband, suddenly struck with astonishment, horror, and despair, seems to
+clasp her to his bosom to defend her from the fatal stroke.
+Inscription:--"Here rest the ashes of Joseph Gascoigne Nightingale, of
+Mamhead, in the county of Devon, Esq., who died July 20, 1752, aged
+fifty-six; and of Lady Elizabeth, his wife, daughter and co-heiress of
+Washington, Earl of Ferrars, who died August 17, 1734, aged twenty-seven.
+Their only son, Washington Gascoigne Nightingale, Esq., in memory of their
+virtues, did by his last will, order this monument to be
+erected."--_Roubiliac._
+
+Next to this is a monument of note, sacred to the memory of SARAH, Duchess
+of Somerset, relict of John Seymour, Duke of Somerset, daughter of Sir
+Edward Alston, Knt. On the base of this monument are two charity boys, one
+on each side, bewailing the death of their benefactress, who is
+represented in a modern dress, resting upon her arm, under a canopy of
+state, and looking earnestly up at a group of cherubims issuing from the
+clouds above her. Underneath is a Latin inscription to this effect:--"Here
+lies the late illustrious Duchess of Somerset, celebrated for charity and
+benevolence, who erected a grammar school for boys at Tottenham, in
+Middlesex, enlarged the income of the Green-coat Hospital at Westminster,
+largely endowed Brazenose College, in Oxford, and St. John's, in
+Cambridge, for the education and instruction of youth in good piety and
+literature. She was likewise an encourager of trade and handicrafts, and
+had a tender regard to old age, by erecting an almshouse at Froxfield, in
+Wiltshire, for thirty widows. She was very charitable to the poor of St.
+Margaret's, Westminster, where she instituted a lecture, and gave many
+stately ornaments to the Church." She died October 25, 1692.
+
+Against the east wall is a tablet erected to the memory of ANN, wife of
+James Kirton, of Castle Carey, Somersetshire, Gent. She died September 7,
+1603.
+
+Sir HENRY NORRIS, his Lady, and six sons. He was ancestor of the present
+Earl of Abingdon, and for his valour in the Low Countries, in the reign of
+Queen Elizabeth, was created Lord Norris of Ricot. He died in 1601. His
+six sons are represented kneeling round the tomb; viz., William, John, and
+Thomas, on the south side; Henry, Edward, and Maximilian, on the north
+side. On the south side of the canopy in alto-relievo is represented the
+march of an army of horse, with an encampment in the back ground, together
+with the standard of the Belgic States, and a soldier bearing a shield,
+with the Norris's arms. On the summit is a small statue of Fame.
+
+Up against the wall is a tablet to the learned Dr. YOUNG, M.D. The
+inscription sets forth that he was eminent in every department of human
+learning; and that, by abstruse investigation of letters and science, he
+at length unveiled the obscurity which had rested upon the hieroglyphics
+of Egypt. Died May 10, 1829, in the fifty-sixth year of his
+age.--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+Next is a full length statue of Mrs. SIDDONS, a celebrated actress, as
+Lady Macbeth, in the Night Scene. Erected by subscription.--_Thomas
+Campbell, sculptor._ Contiguous is the statue of her brother JOHN KEMBLE,
+in the character of Cato, by Flaxman. Born at Prescott, Feb. 1, 1757; died
+at Lausanne, Feb. 26, 1823.
+
+Here is also a very neat monument to the memory of SUSANNA JANE DAVIDSON,
+only daughter of William Davidson, of Rotterdam, merchant, whom it
+pleased the Almighty to visit in the bloom of life with a lingering
+disease, of which she died at Paris, January 1, 1767, aged
+twenty.--_Hayward, sculptor._
+
+"MATTHEW BAILLIE, Fellow of the Royal College of London and Edinburgh
+(born at Lanark, in Scotland), of the Literary Institutions of Oxford and
+Glasgow, Professor of Anatomy; of great medical skill, of strict
+integrity, of sincere mind, and liberal simplicity. This bust was put up
+by his medical associates. Died 9th of Oct., 1823, aged 62."--_Chantrey,
+sculptor._
+
+A colossal figure of "THOMAS TELFORD, President of the Institution of
+Civil Engineers, born at Glendinning, in Eskdale, Dumfriesshire, in 1757;
+died in London, 1834. The orphan son of a shepherd, self educated, he
+raised himself by his extraordinary talents, and integrity, from the
+humble condition of an operative mason, and became one of the most eminent
+Civil Engineers of the age. This marble has been erected near the spot
+where his remains are deposited, by the friends who revered his virtues;
+but his noblest monuments are to be found amongst the great public works
+of this country."--_Baily, sculptor._
+
+Near this is a marble tomb, which encloses the body, and has a tablet over
+it decorated with a coronet, and curtains festooned, on which is the
+following inscription:--"To the affectionately-beloved and honoured memory
+of ANASTATIA, Countess of Kerry, daughter of the late Peter Daly, Esq., of
+Quansbery, in the county of Galway, in Ireland, who departed this life on
+the 9th, and was deposited here on the 18th day of April, 1799. FRANCIS
+THOMAS, Earl of Kerry, died July 4, 1818, aged seventy-eight. His remains,
+according to his wish, are here deposited in the same tomb with his
+affectionately-beloved Anastatia, whose loss he long and deservedly
+deplored."--_Buckham, sculptor._
+
+The next is a neat monument, representing a ship at sea, firing minute
+guns at the death of THOMAS TOTTY, of Cornist, in the county of Flint,
+Esq., Rear-Admiral in his Majesty's Navy, who having, on the 17th
+November, 1801, been appointed Commander-in-Chief on the Leeward Island
+station, was, soon after his arrival at Martinique, severely attacked by
+the malignant fever peculiar to that climate, and expired at sea, on the
+2nd of June, 1802, in the fifty-seventh year of his age.--_Bacon, jun.,
+sculptor._
+
+On the floor is the stone of Abbot KIRTON, which had several labels in
+black letter all round the portrait, which stood upon eagles crowned,
+alluding, perhaps, to his high descent from the ancient and illustrious
+family of Codilbic. He appears to have been a person of great eminence. He
+died October 3, 1466.
+
+The next monument is to the Earl and Countess of MOUNTRATH. The figures
+represent an angel lifting the lady up to a vacant seat by the side of her
+husband, surrounded with cherubs, &c. The inscription is in Latin, thus
+translated:--"Sacred to the memory of Algernon, Earl of Mountrath, and
+Diana, his Countess, who, surviving him, caused this monument to be
+erected in 1771.
+
+  "Thus while on earth, who joy in mutual love,
+  Beyond the grave shall find their joys improve."
+
+--_Wilton, sculptor._
+
+The next is to the memory of RICHARD KEMPENFELT, Esq., Rear-Admiral of the
+Blue, who was lost in his Majesty's ship Royal George, which overset and
+sunk at Spithead, on the 29th August, 1782, by which fatal event about
+nine hundred persons were launched into eternity, and his king and country
+deprived of the services of a great and meritorious officer, in the
+sixty-fourth year of his age. This monument was erected pursuant to the
+will of his brother, Gustavus Adolphus Kempenfelt, Esq., who died at his
+seat, Lady-place, Hurley, Berkshire, on the 14th of March, 1808, aged
+eighty-seven, of whose philanthropy and humanity, his liberal
+subscriptions and bequests to most of the charitable institutions in this
+country, will be lasting records.--_Bacon, jun., sculptor._
+
+The next consists of a delicate female figure, mourning over two urns,
+holding a scroll, on which is expressed--"I shall go to them, but they
+shall not return to me.--2 Sam. xii. 23." BENJAMIN JOHN FORBES, late
+Lieutenant in his Majesty's seventy-fourth regiment of foot; and RICHARD
+GORDON FORBES, late Lieutenant in the first regiment of Foot Guards, the
+eldest sons of Lieutenant-General Gordon Forbes, Colonel of the
+twenty-ninth regiment of foot, and Margaret, his wife, eldest daughter of
+the late Benjamin Sullivan, Esq., of Dromenagh, in the county of Cork;
+both of whom fell in the service of their king and country, deeply
+regretted by their regiments and the detachments of the army in which they
+served. The former at the assault of Kistnagherry, in the East Indies,
+12th November, 1791, aged nineteen years; the latter near Alkmaar, in
+North Holland, the 19th of September, 1799, aged twenty years. This
+monument, no less a tribute of justice to exemplary merit, than a record
+of the tenderest parental sense of filial piety, is erected and dedicated
+A.D. 1803.--_Bacon, jun., sculptor._
+
+A third, to the memory of General STUART, having a fine medallion of him;
+the Latin inscription is to the following purport:--"In memory of a man
+truly noble, the Honourable Sir CHARLES STUART, Knight of the Bath, fourth
+son of John, Earl of Bute, who began his military career in America; and
+was afterwards sent, during the raging of the war with France,
+Commander-in-Chief against Corsica and Minorca, both which he happily
+subdued. He was again called forth, agreeably to the wishes of all good
+men, and already destined, by the favour of his Sovereign, to greater
+appointments, but died at Richmond, in the year of our Lord 1801, aged
+forty-seven, leaving the public, as well as his friends, to deplore, and
+that deeply, the loss of so great a man, on whose extraordinary talents,
+military conduct, and approved valour, whether dangers were to be averted,
+or her wrongs avenged, his country could at all times rely with the
+greatest security and confidence."--_Nollekens, sculptor._
+
+The last in this Chapel is one to the memory of Lieutenant-General WILLIAM
+ANNE VILLETTES, second son of Arthur Villettes, Esq., his late Majesty's
+Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Turin, and Helvetic Cantons, who
+died near Port Antonio, on the 13th July, 1808, aged fifty-four years.
+
+  "The sculptur'd marble shall dissolve in dust,
+  And fame, and wealth, and honour pass away
+  Not such the triumphs of the good and just,
+  Not such the glories of eternal day."
+
+W. Cartwright, T. Bowdler, J. Cazenove, have erected this tablet as a
+tribute of friendship.--_Sir Richard Westmacott, sculptor._
+
+At the north end of this Chapel is an elegant painted window, representing
+St. Cecilia playing upon an organ, accompanied by three angels, in memory
+of Mr. VINCENT NOVELLO, by Lavers and Barraud. Born 1781; died 1861.
+
+Opposite to you, on leaving this Chapel, is the monument to the memory of
+Field-Marshal Lord LIGONIER, which has a striking likeness of his
+Lordship, in profile, and the medallions of Queen Anne, George I., II.,
+and III., under whom his Lordship served. The inscription is only a
+recital of his titles and places, his age ninety-two, and his death the
+28th of April, 1770. On the scroll held by History, is the following list
+of battles:--Schellenberg, Blenheim, Ramilies, Oudinarde, Taniere,
+Malplaquet, Dettingen, Fountenoy, Rocoux, and Laffeldt.--_Moore,
+sculptor._
+
+
+
+
+NORTH TRANSEPT.
+
+
+Passing through the gate, immediately on your right is a pedestal of rich
+grey marble, on which is placed a statue of the late Right Honourable Sir
+ROBERT PEEL, Bart., represented in the costume of a Roman Orator, in the
+act of addressing the Commons House of Parliament, where he had so greatly
+distinguished himself for a period of more than thirty years; and although
+past the middle age of life, the death of this great statesman may be
+considered as premature, he having been thrown from his horse while riding
+up Constitution-hill, which caused his death in a few days afterwards,
+viz., on the 2nd day of July, 1850.--_Sculptured by Gibson, at Rome._
+
+Sir GILBERT LORT.--This monument is chiefly ornamented with cherubs and
+family arms, and is inscribed to the memory of Sir Gilbert Lort, of
+Stockpole, in Pembrokeshire, Bart., by his sister, Dame Elizabeth
+Campbell, relict of Sir Alexander Campbell, of Calder, in Scotland, Bart.
+Sir Gilbert died Sept. 19, 1698, in his twenty-eighth year. She died Sept.
+28, 1714, in her forty-ninth year.
+
+Above is a small monument, consisting of a bust and naval ornaments, to
+the memory of JOHN STORR, Esq., of Hilston, in the county of York,
+Rear-Admiral of the Red Squadron of his Majesty's Fleet. He was born Aug.
+18, 1709; died Jan. 10, 1783, and interred near this place.--_Tyler,
+sculptor._
+
+A small tablet, up high, with an inscription in Latin to the following
+effect:--"William Vincent, D.D., Dean of this Collegiate Church, caused
+this tablet to be erected a perpetual monument of his affection. Sacred to
+the memory of HANNAH, his most beloved wife; the fondest and most prudent
+mother, handsome without pride, pleasant without levity, a good Christian
+without superstition; descended from a respectable family of the Wyatts,
+of Whichwood, in Oxfordshire, daughter of George Wyatt and Hannah Wood.
+Born August 3, 1735; married August 15, 1771; died Feb. 17,
+1807."--_Gayfere, sculptor._
+
+Admiral Sir PETER WARREN.--The back ground is a large flag spreading in
+natural folds behind the whole monument; before it is a fine figure of
+Hercules, placing Sir Peter's bust on its pedestal; and on the other side
+is the figure of Navigation, with a laurel wreath in her hand, gazing on
+the bust with a look of melancholy, mixed with admiration. Behind her a
+cornucopia pours out fruit, corn, &c., and by it a cannon, an anchor, and
+other decorations. The inscription is as follows:--"Sacred to the memory
+of Sir Peter Warren, Knight of the Bath, Vice-Admiral of the Red Squadron
+of the British Fleet, and Member of Parliament for the city and liberty of
+Westminster. He derived his descent from an ancient family in Ireland; his
+fame and honours from his virtues and abilities. How eminently these were
+displayed, with what vigilance and spirit they were executed, in the
+various services wherein he had the honour to command, and the happiness
+to conquer, will be more properly recorded in the annals of Great Britain.
+On this tablet, Affection with truth must say, that, deservedly esteemed
+in private life, and universally renowned for his public conduct, the
+judicious and gallant officer possessed all the amiable qualities of the
+friend, the gentleman, and Christian; but the Almighty, whom alone he
+feared, and whose gracious protection he had often experienced, was
+pleased to remove him from a life of honour to an eternity of happiness,
+on the 29th of July, 1752, in the forty-ninth year of his
+age."--_Roubiliac, sculptor._
+
+GRACE SCOTT.--Affixed to the adjoining pillar is a neat tablet, on which
+is this inscription:--"Grace, eldest daughter of Sir Thomas Mauleverer, of
+Alterton Mauleverer, in Yorkshire, Bart., born 1622, married to Colonel
+Scott, a member of the Honourable House of Commons, 1644, and died
+February 24, 1645:
+
+  "He that will give my _Grace_ but what is hers,
+      Must say her death has not
+      Made only her dear _Scott_,
+  But Virtue, Worth, and Sweetness, widowers."
+
+Above, is a little tablet to the memory of CLEMENT SAUNDERS, Esq., Carver
+in ordinary to Charles II., James II., and William III., son of Sir W.
+Saunders, Knight, of the county of Northampton. Died August 10, 1695, aged
+eighty-four.
+
+Sir JOHN MALCOLM.--His figure is in full uniform, on a pedestal.--"In
+memory of Major-General Sir John Malcolm, G.C.B., &c., born at Burnfoot of
+Eske, Dumfriesshire, 1769, died in London, 1833, employed confidentially
+in those important wars and negociations which established British
+supremacy in India. By the indefatigable and well directed exertions of
+those extraordinary mental and physical powers with which Providence had
+endowed him, he became alike distinguished as a statesman, a warrior, and
+a man of letters; disinterested, liberal, and hospitable; warm in his
+affections, and frank in his manners; the admirer and patron of merit. No
+less zealous during the whole of his arduous and eventful career, for the
+welfare of the natives of the East, than for the services of his own
+country, his memory is cherished by grateful millions; his fame lives in
+the history of nations. This statue has been erected by the friends whom
+he had acquired by his splendid talents, eminent public services, and
+private virtues."--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+WILLIAM CAVENDISH, Duke of Newcastle.--This monument is a stately piece of
+architecture. Under a rich canopy of state, lie in a cumbent posture, on a
+double mat, "the loyal Duke of Newcastle (as the inscription beneath sets
+forth), and his Duchess, his second wife, by whom he had no issue; her
+name was Margaret Lucas, youngest sister of Lord Lucas, of Colchester, a
+noble family; for all the brothers were valiant, and all the sisters
+virtuous. This Duchess was a wise, witty, and learned lady, which her many
+books do well testify; she was a most virtuous, loving, and careful wife,
+and was with her Lord all the time of his banishment and miseries; and
+when he came home, never parted from him in his solitary retirements."--So
+far the English inscription. The Latin shows farther, "that he was Knight
+of the Bath and Baron Ogle in right of his mother; Viscount Mansfield, and
+Baron Cavendish of Bolsover, Earl of Ogle, Earl, Marquis, and Duke of
+Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Lord Lieutenant of the counties of Nottingham and
+Northumberland, First Lord of the Bedchamber to King James I., Guardian to
+Prince Charles, Privy Councillor, and Knight of the most Noble Order of
+the Garter; that for his fidelity to the King, he was made Captain-General
+of the forces raised for his service in the North, fought many battles,
+and generally came off victorious; that when the rebels prevailed (being
+one of the first designed a sacrifice) he left his estate, and endured a
+long exile. By his first wife, Elizabeth, daughter and heiress to W.
+Basset, of Staffordshire, Esq., he had two sons and three daughters;
+Charles, who died without issue, and Henry, heir to his honours; Jane,
+married to C. Cheyne, of Chesham, Bucks; Elizabeth, to John, Earl of
+Bridgewater; and Frances, to Oliver, Earl of Bolingbroke. He died December
+25, 1676, aged eighty-four."
+
+A statue of EARL CANNING, Viceroy of India, son of George Canning Foley.
+
+On the left is one to the memory of GEORGE CANNING, born April 11, 1770;
+died August 8, 1827:--"Endowed with a rare combination of talents, an
+eminent statesman, an accomplished scholar, an orator, surpassed by none,
+he united the most brilliant and lofty qualities of the mind, with the
+warmest affections of the heart; raised by his own merit, he successfully
+filled important offices in the state, and finally became first minister
+of the Crown. In the full enjoyment of his sovereign's favour, and of the
+confidence of the people, he was prematurely cut off, when pursuing a wise
+and large course of policy, which had for its object the prosperity and
+greatness of his own country, while it comprehended the welfare and
+commanded the admiration of foreign nations." This monument was erected by
+his friends and countrymen. The figure is on a pedestal, and represents
+him speaking in the House of Parliament.--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+The next is a magnificent monument to JOHN HOLLES, Duke of Newcastle,
+whose effigy rests upon a sarcophagus of darkish-coloured marble, having
+in his right hand a general's staff, and in his left a ducal coronet. On
+one side of the base stands the statue of Wisdom; on the other of
+Sincerity. On the angles of the upper compartment sit angels in no very
+meaning attitude; and on the ascending sides of the pediment sit cherubs,
+one with an hour glass, alluding to the admeasurement of man's life by
+grains of sand; the other pointing upwards, where his life shall be no
+longer measured by duration. On the base of this monument is this
+inscription:--"John Holles, Duke of Newcastle, Marquis and Earl of Clare,
+Baron Haughton, of Haughton, and Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order
+of the Garter, whose body is here deposited under the same roof with many
+of his noble ancestors and relations of the families of Vere, Cavendish,
+and Holles, whose eminent virtues he inherited, and was particularly
+distinguished for his courage, love to his country, and constancy in
+friendship, which qualities he exerted with great zeal and readiness,
+whenever the cause of religion, his country, or friends, required. In the
+reign of Queen Anne he filled with great capacity and honour, the several
+employments of Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal and Privy Councillor; Lord
+Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of Middlesex and Nottingham, and of the
+county of the town of Nottingham, and of the East and North Ridings of the
+county of York; Lord Chief Justice in Eyre, north of Trent, and Governor
+of the town and fort of Kingston-upon-Hull; to all which titles and
+honours his personal merit gave a lustre, that needed not the addition of
+the great wealth which he possessed. He was born January 9, 1661-2, and
+died, July 15, 1711. He married the Lady Margaret, third daughter and
+heiress of Henry Cavendish, Duke of Newcastle, by whom he left issue only
+one child, the Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles Harley, who caused this
+memorial of him to be here erected in 1723."--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+Admiral VERNON.--On a pedestal is a bust of that gallant Admiral, with a
+fine figure of Fame crowning him with laurels. This monument is elegantly
+ornamented with naval trophies. Beneath is the following
+inscription:--"Sacred to the memory of Edward Vernon, Admiral of the White
+Squadron of the British Fleet. He was the second son of James Vernon, who
+was Secretary of State to King William III., and whose abilities and
+integrity were equally conspicuous. In his youth, he served under the
+Admirals Shovell and Rook. By their example he learned to conquer; by his
+own merit he rose to command. In the war with Spain of 1739, he took the
+fort of Porto Bello with six ships--a force which was thought unequal to
+the attempt. For this he received the thanks of both houses of Parliament.
+He subdued Chagre, and at Carthagena conquered as far as naval force could
+carry victory. After these services he retired, without place or title,
+from the exercise of public, to the enjoyment of private virtue. The
+testimony of a good conscience was his reward--the love and esteem of all
+good men his glory. In battle, though calm, he was active, and though
+intrepid, prudent; successful, yet not ostentatious, ascribing the glory
+to God; in the senate, he was disinterested, vigilant, and steady. On the
+30th day of October, 1757, he died as he had lived, the friend of man, the
+lover of his country, and the father of the poor, aged seventy-three. As a
+memorial of his own gratitude, and the virtues of his benefactor, this
+monument was erected by his nephew, Francis, Lord Orwell, in
+1763."--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+Sir CHARLES WAGER.--On this elegant monument, the principal figure is that
+of Fame, holding a portrait of the deceased in relief, which is supported
+by an infant Hercules. The enrichments are naval trophies, instruments of
+war, navigation, &c., and on the base, in relief, is the representation of
+the destroying and taking the Spanish galleons in 1708:--"To the memory of
+Sir Charles Wager, Knight, Admiral of the White, First Commissioner of the
+Admiralty, and Privy Councillor: a man of great natural talents, who bore
+the highest commands, and passed through the greatest employments, with
+credit to himself, and honour to his country. He was in his private life
+humane, temperate, just, and bountiful: in public station, valiant,
+prudent, wise, and honest; easy of access to all; plain and unaffected in
+his manner, steady and resolute in his conduct; so remarkably happy in his
+presence of mind, that no danger ever discomposed him. Esteemed and
+favoured by his King, beloved and honoured by his country, he died May 24,
+1743, aged seventy-seven."--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+Lord PALMERSTON.--A magnificent statue, representing the distinguished
+statesman in the robes of a Knight of the Garter.--Erected by authority of
+Parliament to Viscount Palmerston, in testimony of the public admiration
+and attachment and heavy loss which the country sustained by his
+death.--_R. Jackson._
+
+The Right Hon. WILLIAM PITT, First Earl of Chatham. He is represented as
+speaking in the Houses of Parliament. At his feet are figures of Prudence
+and Fortitude; below is a figure of Britannia, with the trident supported
+by Earth and Ocean. On the base is the following inscription:--"Erected by
+the King and Parliament as a testimony to the virtues and ability of
+William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, during whose administration, in the reigns
+of Geo. II. and III., Divine Providence exalted Great Britain to a height
+of prosperity and glory unknown to any former age. Born November 15, 1708.
+Died May 11, 1778."--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+Lord ROBERT MANNERS, aged 24; Captain WILLIAM BAYNE, aged 50; Captain
+WILLIAM BLAIR, aged 41. Upon a rostral column decorated with the hulks of
+three seventy-four gun ships, Genius has hung three medallions, containing
+the portraits of the Captains. Neptune is sitting upon a sea-horse,
+pointing them out as examples for posterity to emulate, and worthy of
+being recorded in the annals of their country, to Britannia, whose
+majestic figure, accompanied with a resemblance of a lion, supporting a
+shield of the arms of Great Britain, is standing on the opposite side
+beholding them with a fixed countenance, expressive of sorrow; while Fame
+is standing upon the top of the column, with a wreath of laurel to crown
+Lord Robert Manners, Captains Bayne and Blair, who were mortally wounded
+in the course of the naval engagements under the command of Admiral Sir
+George Brydges Rodney, on the 9th and 12th of April, 1782. In memory of
+their services, the King and Parliament of Great Britain caused this
+monument to be erected. The basement is adorned with different naval
+implements, the whole highly executed by Mr. Nollekens.
+
+In front of this monument is a highly polished slab under which lie the
+remains of LORD PALMERSTON. Died Oct. 18, 1865, aged 81. And LADY
+PALMERSTON. Died Sept. 11, 1869.
+
+Near this spot lie the remains of the Marquis of Londonderry, Pitt,
+Wilberforce, Canning, Fox, and Grattan.
+
+The next monument consists of a fine statue, full life size: in one hand
+is placed a scroll, on which is inscribed, "Peace of Paris, 1814;" the
+other supporting the Robes of the Garter. The pedestal bears the following
+inscription:--"This statue is erected to the memory of Robert, second
+Marquis of Londonderry and Viscount Castlereagh, K.G. Born A.D. 1769; died
+Aug. 12th, 1822. History will record the success and splendour of his
+public career during a period of unexampled difficulty in the annals of
+Europe, in which he successively filled the highest offices under the
+Crown; and Ireland will never forget the statesman of the Legislative
+Union. This tribute to the best of brothers and friends is placed in
+Westminster Abbey by Charles William Vane, third Marquis of
+Londonderry."--_J. Evan Thomas, sculptor._
+
+Lord MANSFIELD'S monument:--
+
+  "Here MURRAY, long enough his country's pride,
+  Is now no more than Tully or than Hyde."
+
+Foretold by Pope, and fulfilled in the year 1793, when WILLIAM, Earl of
+Mansfield, died full of years and of honours: of honours he declined many;
+those which he accepted were the following:--He was appointed
+Solicitor-General, 1742; Attorney-General, 1754; Lord Chief Justice and
+Baron Mansfield, 1756; Earl of Mansfield, 1776. From the love which he
+bore to the place of his early education, he desired to be buried in this
+Cathedral (privately), and would have forbidden that instance of human
+vanity, the erecting a monument to his memory; but a sum, which, with the
+interest, has amounted to £2,500, was left for that purpose by A. Bailey,
+Esq., of Lyon's Inn, which, at least well-meant, mark of esteem he had no
+previous knowledge or suspicion of, and had no power to prevent being
+executed. He was the fourth son of David, fifth Viscount Stormont, and
+married the Lady Elizabeth Finch, daughter to Daniel, Earl of Nottingham,
+by whom he had no issue; born at Scone, 2nd March, 1704; died at Kenwood,
+20th March, 1793. The Earl is represented sitting on a seat of judgment;
+on his right hand Justice holds the statera, or balance, equally poised;
+on his left hand Wisdom opens the book of Law. Between the statues of
+Wisdom and Justice is a trophy composed of the Earl's family arms,
+surmounted by the coronet, the mantle of honour, the fasces, or rods of
+justice, and curtana, or sword of mercy. On the back of the chair is the
+Earl's motto--_Uni Æquus Virtuti_--"Equal to Virtue only," enclosed in a
+crown of laurel: under it is a figure of Death, as represented by the
+ancients--a beautiful youth leaning on an extinguished torch: on each side
+of the figure of Death is a funeral altar, finished by a fir apple. This
+monument is the first that was placed between pillars, so as to walk round
+it.--_Flaxman, sculptor._
+
+The beautiful north window was put up in the year 1722, and represents our
+Saviour, the twelve Apostles, and four Evangelists; the latter with their
+emblems, lie down, two on each side.
+
+It is much to be desired that they who wish to record in Westminster Abbey
+their estimation of the character or public services of their relatives or
+friends, would adopt this manner of perpetuating their memory, as
+combining with their special object the further enrichment of the noblest
+Cathedral or Collegiate Church in England, and so contributing to the
+completion of the general design, by representing that "the Holy Church
+throughout all the world doth acknowledge God." A commencement in this
+direction has been made in the seven memorial windows in the North
+Transept, of which a special description is subjoined.
+
+The object of the painted glass in the seven Lancet Windows in the North
+Transept and West Aisle of the same is briefly stated in the inscriptions
+on the floor immediately beneath the windows.
+
+"To the glory of God, and in memory of Major-General Sir HENRY W. BARNARD,
+K.C.B.; Lieutenant-Colonel CHARLES JOHN WOODFORD, Rifle Brigade; Captain
+WILLIAM FREDERICK THYNNE, Rifle Brigade; Captain WILLIAM ROBERT MOORSOM,
+thirteenth Light Infantry, D.A.Q.M. General; LOVICK EMILIUS COOPER,
+Ensign, Rifle Brigade; WILLIAM GEORGE HAWTREY BANKES, Cornet, seventh
+Hussars; who died in the service of the Queen and their country in India,
+in 1857 and 1858, the six lancet windows of this Transept were enriched
+with stained glass by their relatives or comrades of Sir James Outram's
+division, 1860."
+
+And in the West Aisle of the North Transept, a similar inscription states
+the window to be enriched in memory of Brigadier the Hon. ADRIAN HOPE,
+C.B., by his relatives.
+
+The general design throughout the windows is, by the representation of
+certain chosen men by whom Almighty God is recorded in the Holy Scriptures
+to have effected the deliverance of the Israelites out of the hands of
+their enemies, to illustrate the power of God, and attribute to His mercy
+the wonderful success of the British forces in the suppression of the
+Indian rebellion, in which service the officers above named, with many
+others, fell.
+
+The first figure on the right hand is designed to represent Moses as the
+leader and commander of the army of the Israelites. In the medallion
+beneath, he is shown with his hands stayed up by Aaron and Hur, as
+described in Ex. xvii. 12. This window is erected by Lady Barnard, widow
+of Sir Hy. Wm. Barnard, K.C.B.
+
+The second figure is that of Joshua, and the medallion is intended to
+describe the appearance of the "Captain of the Lord's Host" to
+him.--Joshua v. 13, 14. This window is erected by General Sir Alexander
+Woodford, G.C.B., father of Lieutenant-Colonel C. J. Woodford, Rifle
+Brigade.
+
+The third figure is Caleb, and the medallion represents his victory over
+the sons of Anak.--Joshua xv. 14. This window is erected by the Reverend
+Lord John Thynne, Canon of Westminster, father of Captain William F.
+Thynne, Rifle Brigade.
+
+The fourth figure is Gideon, and in the medallion he is occupied in
+threshing the corn, as when he received his call and commission to deliver
+Israel from the Midianites.--Judges vi. 11. This window is erected by the
+comrades of Captain William Robert Moorsom, forming the first division of
+the army in Oude, under the Command of Sir James Outram, of which he was
+Deputy-Assistant Quartermaster-General.
+
+The fifth figure is David, and the medallion exhibits his triumph over
+Goliath.--1 Sam. xvii. 15. This window is erected by the Rev. T. Lovick
+Cooper, Vicar of Empingham, Rutlandshire, father of Lovick Emilius Cooper,
+Rifle Brigade.
+
+The sixth window is Jonathan, and the medallion refers to the account of
+his surprising and discomfiting the garrison of the Philistines, with no
+other assistance than of his armour-bearer.--1 Sam. xiv. 4-6. This window
+is erected by Mrs. Bankes, mother of William George Hawtrey Bankes,
+Cornet, seventh Hussars.
+
+The seventh window in the West Aisle of the North Transept is erected in
+memory of Brigadier the Honourable Adrian Hope, by his relations, and is
+illustrative of those passages in the career of Asa, as recorded in 2
+Chronicles xiv. 5. 11, 12. His destruction of idols in the city of Judah,
+verse 5; his prayer, verse 11; his victory over the Ethiopians, verse 12.
+
+Sir WILLIAM WEBB FOLLETT, Knt., who was at the time of his decease
+representative in Parliament for the City of Exeter, and Attorney-General
+to Queen Victoria. Of unblemished conduct in every relation of life, of
+manners gentle and prepossessing, combining with great legal knowledge
+extraordinary powers of persuasive eloquence, he attained, with the
+esteem, admiration, and good-will of all who witnessed his brilliant
+career, the highest eminence as an advocate and a Parliamentary speaker.
+The general hope and expectation that he was destined for the highest
+honours of the law were blighted by his untimely death. Died June 28,
+1845, aged forty-eight.
+
+A bust to the memory of GEORGE GORDON, Earl of Aberdeen, K.T., K.G. Born
+January 28th, 1784; died December 14th, 1860. Ambassador, Secretary of
+State, Prime Minister.--_M. Noble, S.C._
+
+Next to this on your left is a monument sacred to the memory of ELIZABETH
+WARREN, daughter of Henry Southwell, Esq., of Wisbeach, in the county of
+Cambridge, and widow of the Right Rev. John Warren, D.D., late Lord Bishop
+of Bangor:--"She was distinguished for the purity of her taste, and the
+soundness of her judgment; her prudence and discrimination were in no
+instances more conspicuous, than in selecting the objects of her
+extensive charity. The widow and the fatherless were protected and
+relieved, and the virtuous who had fallen from prosperity, had peculiar
+claims to her benevolence. Though mild and gentle in her manners, yet she
+was remarkable for the firmness and vigour of her mind. Stedfast in the
+faith of Christ, she lived to illustrate his precepts, and died reposing
+on his merits and intercession. She departed this life, March 29, 1816,
+aged eighty-three. Her surviving sister, Mary, widow of the Right
+Honourable Sir James Eyre, Knt., Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common
+Pleas, in testimony of her sincere affection, has erected this monument to
+her memory."--It represents a houseless wanderer with an infant in her
+arms, on a square pedestal; the figure with its draperies is very
+generally admired.--_Sir Richard Westmacott, sculptor._
+
+Sir HENRY BLACKWOOD, with this inscription:--"Sacred to the memory of
+Vice-Admiral the Honourable Sir Henry Blackwood, Bart., K.C.B., G.C.H.,
+who died December, 13, 1832, aged 63 years, 51 of which he had spent in
+the active service of his profession, distinguished by his energy,
+promptitude, and bravery, qualities which derived additional lustre from
+the virtues which adorned his personal character; with valour combining a
+strong sense of religion, and the elevation of an upright noble mind, with
+all the endearing feelings of a manly, generous, and benevolent heart.
+This tribute of sorrow and affection to the memory of one so justly
+honoured and beloved, is offered by his deeply afflicted widow and his
+surviving children."--_Behnes, sculptor._
+
+In memory of the Right Honourable Sir GEORGE CORNEWALL LEWIS, Baronet, of
+Harpton Court, in the County of Radnor; successively Chancellor of the
+Exchequer and Secretary of State for the Home and War Departments. The
+bust is erected by many friends, to mark their affectionate esteem and
+admiration, and to record his honoured name among the illustrious dead who
+lie buried within these walls. Born April 21, 1806; died April 13,
+1863.--_Weekes, R.A., sculptor._
+
+A monument erected by the East India Company, as a memorial of the
+military talents of Lieutenant-General Sir EYRE COOTE, K.B.,
+Commander-in-chief of the British forces in India, who, by the success of
+his arms, in the year 1760 and 1761, expelled the French from the coast of
+Coromandel. In 1781 and 1782 he again took the field in the Carnatic, in
+opposition to the united strength of the French and Hyder Ally, and in
+several engagements defeated the numerous forces of the latter; but death
+interrupted his career of glory, on the 27th April, 1783, in the
+fifty-eighth year of his age. It consists of two figures as large as life;
+one a Mahratta captive, weeping beside a trophy of Persian armour,
+represents a province subdued; he is holding a cornucopia inverted, the
+contents of which are falling into a Britannia's shield. The other, a
+Victory, having erected a trophy, is decorating it with the portrait of
+Sir Eyre Coote, by hanging it on a palm-tree, which rises from behind the
+armour. The elephant on the sarcophagus marks the scene of action. The
+Mahratta figure is particularly admired.--_Banks, sculptor._
+
+A bust with the following inscription:--"Amidst the memorials of maturer
+greatness, this tribute of private affection and public honour records the
+talents, virtues, and early death of the Right Honourable CHARLES BULLER,
+who, as an independent Member of Parliament, and in the discharge of
+important offices of state, united the deepest human sympathies with wide
+and philosophic views of government and mankind; and pursued the noblest
+political and social objects, above party spirit, and without an enemy.
+His character was distinguished by sincerity and resolution, his mind by
+vivacity and clearness of comprehension; while the vigour of expression
+and singular wit that made him eminent in debate, and delightful in
+society, were tempered by a most gentle and generous disposition; earnest
+in friendship and benevolent to all. The British Colonies will not forget
+the statesman who so well appreciated their desires and their destinies;
+and his country, recalling what he was, deplores the vanished hope of all
+he might have become. He was born August, 1806; he died Nov. 29, 1848."
+
+A bust sacred to the memory of the Right Honourable WARREN HASTINGS,
+Governor-General of Bengal; Member of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy
+Council, LL.D., F.R.S., descended from the elder branch of the ancient and
+noble family of Huntingdon. Selected for his eminent talents and
+integrity, he was appointed by Parliament, in 1773, the first
+Governor-General of India, to which high office he was thrice re-appointed
+by the same authority. Presiding over the India Governments during
+thirteen years of a most eventful period, he restored the affairs of the
+East India Company from the deepest distress to the highest prosperity,
+and rescued their possessions from a combination of the most powerful
+enemies ever leagued against them. In the wisdom of his counsels, and the
+energy of his measures, he found unexhausted resources, and successfully
+sustained a long, varied, and multiplied war with France, Mysore, and the
+Mahratta states, whose power he humbled, and concluded an honourable
+peace, for which, and for his distinguished services, he received the
+thanks of the East India Company, sanctioned by the Board of Control. The
+kingdom of Bengal, the seat of his Government, he ruled with a mild and
+equitable sway, preserved it from invasion, and, while he secured to its
+inhabitants the enjoyment of their customs, laws, and religion, and the
+blessings of peace, was rewarded by their affection and gratitude; nor was
+he more distinguished by the highest qualities of a statesman and a
+patriot, than by the exercise of every Christian virtue. He lived for many
+years in dignified retirement, beloved and revered by all who knew him, at
+his seat of Daylesford, in the county of Worcester, where he died in
+peace, in the eighty-sixth year of his age, August 22, 1818. This memorial
+was erected by his beloved wife and disconsolate widow, M. A. Hastings.
+Over the inscription is a bust, greatly like him, executed by Mr. Bacon.
+
+A statue to the memory of FRANCIS HORNER, who, by the union of great and
+various acquirements, with inflexible integrity, and unwearied devotion to
+the interests of the country, raised himself to an eminent station in
+society, and was justly considered to be one of the most distinguished
+members of the House of Commons. He was born at Edinburgh in 1778, was
+called to the bar both of England and Scotland; and closed his short but
+useful life at Pisa, in 1817. His death was deeply felt, and publicly
+deplored in Parliament. His affectionate friends and sincere admirers,
+anxious that some memorial should exist of merit universally acknowledged,
+of expectations which a premature death could alone have frustrated,
+erected this monument, A.D. 1823.--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+Brigadier-General HOPE, Lieutenant-Governor of the province of Quebec,
+where he died in 1789, aged forty-three years. The design of it is simply
+an Indian, whose affection has drawn her to the monument; she kneels on
+the pedestal, and bending over the sarcophagus, expresses that sorrow
+which the loss of such a benefactor has occasioned. A rudder is
+introduced, emblematical of his situation as Governor: the serpent and
+mirror, engraved thereon, point out the prudence of his administration;
+and a cornucopia conveys the idea of the felicity of it.--_Bacon,
+sculptor._
+
+To the memory of JONAS HANWAY, Esq., celebrated for his universal feeling
+for the distressed, having been an active friend to the following
+charities, viz.,--the Foundling, Magdalen, and Marine Society. The expense
+was defrayed by voluntary subscriptions. On a sarcophagus, the Society is
+here represented in bas-relief; viz.,--Britannia, with her emblems of
+Government, Peace, War, Trade, and Navigation, who, with benign
+countenance, distributes clothes to poor boys to be trained to sea; over
+this a medallion of the deceased is fixed on a pyramid, upon the top of
+which is a lamp, emblematic of perpetual light,--"Sacred to the memory of
+Jonas Hanway, who departed this life September 5, 1786, aged seventy-four;
+but whose name liveth, and will ever live, whilst active piety shall
+distinguish the Christian, integrity and truth shall recommend the British
+merchant, and universal kindness shall characterize the citizen of the
+world. The helpless Infant, nurtured through his care; the friendless
+Prostitute sheltered and reformed; the hopeless Youth rescued from misery
+and ruin, and trained to serve and to defend his country, uniting in one
+common strain of gratitude, bear testimony to their benefactor's virtues:
+this was the friend and father of the poor."--_F. Moore, sculptor._
+
+Sir CLIFTON WINTRINGHAM, Bart., is represented visiting a sick and
+distressed family; underneath is the figure of his lady, kneeling and
+bewailing her loss.--"Sacred to the memory of Sir Clifton Wintringham,
+Bart., M.D., who, no less eminent as a physician, both at home and in the
+army, than beloved on account of his virtuous life and engaging manners,
+died lamented by all, January 10, 1794, aged eighty-three. His widow, Ann
+Wintringham, caused this monument to be erected, as a last testimony of
+her love for him when living, and of the sincere regret she feels for her
+loss."--_Banks, sculptor._
+
+A truly admirable bust of the late RICHARD COBDEN. Born June 3, 1804;
+died April 2, 1865, and was buried at West Lavington, in Sussex.--_Thos.
+Woolner, sculptor._
+
+A bust to the memory of Major-General Sir HERBERT BENJAMIN EDWARDS,
+K.C.B., K.C.S.I., D.C.L., LL.D., who in early life, as a Subaltern of the
+East Indian Company's Army, by his fertility of resource, and in
+promptitude in action, struck the first victorious blow at the
+Insurrection in the Punjab in 1848. Who in later years, by his courage,
+sagacity, and mastery over men, ever animated by Christian principle, won
+an enduring place in the affections of the people to whose welfare he had
+long devoted himself, and in 1847, at a time of unexampled danger, greatly
+contributed to the security of the Frontier, and to the salvation of the
+British Empire in India. Born November 12th, 1819; died December 23rd,
+1868.
+
+To the memory of Major-General COOTE MANNINGHAM.--"Sacred to the memory of
+Major-General Coote Manningham, Colonel of the ninety-fifth, or Rifle
+Regiment of Infantry, and Equerry to the King; in testimony of a
+friendship which commenced in early youth, was matured and confirmed by
+time, remains unchilled by death, and humbly looks for a reunion in
+eternity. The distinguished soldier to whom friendship erects this
+inadequate memorial, began his career of military action at the siege of
+Gibraltar, and concluded it at the victory of Corunna, to which his skill
+and gallantry conspicuously contributed. He fell an early victim to the
+vicissitudes of climate, and the severities of war, and died 26th Aug.,
+1809, aged forty-four. Yet, reader, regard not his fate as premature,
+since his cup of glory was full, and he was not summoned till his virtue
+and patriotism had achieved even here a brilliant recompense: for his name
+is engraved on the annals of his country. In him the man and the Christian
+tempered the warrior, and England might proudly present him to the world
+as the model of a British soldier." Erected by Lieutenant-General Thomas
+Hislop, Commander-in-Chief, &c., at Bombay, in the East Indies, anno
+1813.--_Bacon, jun., sculptor._
+
+GEORGE MONTAGUE DUNK, Earl of Halifax.--His Lordship's bust conveys a very
+striking likeness of the original. It is supported by two emblematical
+figures, one holding a mirror, supposed to be Truth, with his foot on a
+mask, trampling on Falsehood; the other, Honour, presenting the ensigns of
+the Garter. It is also decorated with various other emblems, alluding to
+the different public posts of honour which his Lordship held at different
+times. The inscription is as follows:--"Sacred be the monument which is
+here raised by gratitude and respect, to perpetuate the memory of George
+Montague Dunk, Earl of Halifax, Knight of the most noble Order of the
+Garter, whose allegiance, integrity, and abilities, alike distinguished
+and exalted him in the reigns of George II. and George III. In the year
+1745 (an early period of his life), he raised and commanded a regiment, to
+defend his King and country against the alarming insurrection in Scotland.
+He was soon after appointed first Lord of Trade and Plantations in which
+department he contributed so largely to the commerce and splendour of
+America, as to be styled, 'Father of the Colonies.' At one and the same
+time he filled the united great offices of the First Lord of the
+Admiralty, Principal Secretary of State, and Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
+He was afterwards appointed Lord Privy Seal; on the resignation thereof he
+was recalled to the important duties of Principal Secretary of State, and
+died (in possession of the Seals) June 8, 1771. His worth in private life
+was eminent and extensive, and was best testified in the honour and esteem
+which were borne him living, and the lamentations bestowed upon his ashes.
+Among many instances of his liberal spirit, one deserves to be distinctly
+recorded: during his residence in Ireland, he obtained the grant of an
+additional 4000_l._ per annum for all subsequent Viceroys, at the same
+time nobly declining that emolument himself."--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+Over the north door is a magnificent monument to the memory of Admiral
+WATSON, where you see, in the centre of a range of palm-trees, an elegant
+figure of the Admiral in a Roman toga, with a branch of palm in his right
+hand, receiving the address of a prostrate figure, representing the genius
+of Calcutta, a place in the East Indies memorable for the imprisonment of
+the English garrison in a black hole, where most of them perished, and
+where those that survived were released by the Admiral, and the town
+retaken from the Nabob, in January, 1757. On the other side is the figure,
+in chains, of a native of Chandernagore, another place taken by the
+Admiral the March following. On the front is this inscription:--"To the
+memory of Charles Watson, Vice-Admiral of the White, Commander-in-Chief of
+his Majesty's navy forces in the East Indies, who died at Calcutta, August
+16, 1757, aged forty-four. The East India Company, as a grateful testimony
+of the signal advantages which they obtained by his valour and prudent
+conduct, caused this monument to be erected."--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+Against the wall, on a small tablet, is the bust of Sir WILLIAM SANDERSON,
+Knt., with an inscription in Latin, showing that he was Gentleman of the
+Bedchamber to Charles I.; and wrote the lives of Mary Queen of Scots,
+James, and Charles I.: that he sustained great hardships from the tyranny
+of the rebels; but that, having bravely surmounted all difficulties, he
+lived to the age of ninety, and died July 15, 1676.
+
+General GUEST.--On a base and pyramid of most beautiful marble, are the
+first enrichments and busts that are to be seen in the whole church. The
+inscription is short, but manly--"Sacred to those virtues that adorn a
+Christian and a soldier, this marble perpetuates the memory of
+Lieutenant-General Joshua Guest, who closed a service of sixty years, by
+faithfully defending Edinburgh Castle against the rebels in 1745."
+
+Admiral Sir JOHN BALCHEN, Knt.--On this fine monument, in relief, is the
+representation of a ship perishing in a storm. The inscription, which is
+historical, is here inserted:--"To the memory of Sir John Balchen, Knt.,
+Admiral of the White Squadron of his Majesty's fleet in 1744. Being sent
+out Commander-in-Chief of the combined fleets of England and Holland, to
+cruise on the enemy, was, on his return home in his Majesty's ship the
+Victory, lost in the Channel by a violent storm; from which sad
+circumstance of his death we may learn that neither the greatest skill,
+judgment, or experience, joined to the most firm, unshaken resolution, can
+resist the fury of the winds and waves; and we are taught by the passages
+of his life, which were filled with great and gallant actions, but ever
+accompanied with adverse gales of fortune, that the brave, the worthy, and
+the good man, meets not always his reward in this world. Fifty-eight years
+of faithful and painful services he had passed, when, being just retired
+to the government of Greenwich Hospital to wear out the remainder of his
+days, he was once more, and for the last time, called out by his King and
+country, whose interest he ever preferred to his own, and his unwearied
+zeal for their service ending only in his death; which weighty misfortune
+to his afflicted family became heightened by many aggravating
+circumstances attending it; yet amidst their grief, had they the mournful
+consolation to find his gracious and Royal Master mixing his concern with
+the general lamentations of the public, for the calamitous fate of so
+zealous, so valiant, and so able a commander; and, as a lasting memorial
+of the sincere love and esteem borne by his widow to a most affectionate
+and worthy husband, this honorary monument was erected by her. He was born
+Feb. 2, 1669, married Susanna, daughter of Colonel Aprice, of Washingly,
+in the county of Huntingdon. Died Oct. 7, 1744, leaving one son and one
+daughter, the former of whom, George Balchen, survived him but a short
+time; for being sent to the West Indies in 1745, Commander of his
+Majesty's ship the Pembroke, he died at Barbadoes, in December the same
+year, aged twenty-eight, having walked in the steps, and imitated the
+virtues and bravery of his good but unfortunate father." When the Victory
+was lost she had on board near one thousand souls, one hundred of whom
+were gentlemen volunteers.--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+Bishop of BANGOR.--The figure of Religion is represented in a mournful
+attitude, leaning on a rock, whereon is writ the inscription, holding in
+her hand a cross; on the other side is represented an angel pointing to
+the cross, as a source of consolation whereby we are saved--why weep? the
+rock implies firmness of faith. A mitre, crozier, &c., are at the
+bottom.--"Near this place are interred the remains of the Right Rev. John
+Warren, D.D., Bishop of St. David's in 1779, and translated to the see of
+Bangor in 1783. These episcopal stations he filled for more than twenty
+years, with great ability and virtue. His charity, liberality, candour,
+and benevolence, will long be remembered; his eminent learning and
+unwearied application rendered him highly serviceable to the laws, as well
+as the religion of his country, towards which he was most sincerely
+attached. He was son of Richard Warren, D.D., Rector of Cavendish, and
+Archdeacon of Suffolk, and brother of Richard Warren, M.D., celebrated for
+his knowledge and successful practice, and many years Physician in
+Ordinary to his Majesty. He married Elizabeth Southwell, daughter of
+Henry Southwell, Esq., of Wisbeach, Cambridgeshire, who, fully sensible of
+his many distinguished virtues, has offered this grateful tribute to his
+memory, with the most unfeigned sincerity and respect. He died Jan. 27,
+1800, in the seventy-second year of his age."--_Westmacott, jun.,
+sculptor._
+
+Lord AUBREY BEAUCLERK.--This monument is ornamented with arms, trophies,
+and naval ensigns; and in an oval niche, on a pyramid of dove-coloured
+marble, is a beautiful bust of this young nobleman. On the pedestal is
+this historical inscription:--"The Lord Aubrey Beauclerk was the youngest
+son of Charles, Duke of St. Albans, by Diana, daughter of Aubrey de Vere,
+Earl of Oxford. He went early to sea, and was made a commander in 1731. In
+1740 he was sent upon that memorable expedition to Carthagena, under the
+command of Admiral Vernon, in his Majesty's ship the Prince Frederick,
+which, with three others, was ordered to cannonade the Castle Bocachica.
+One of these being obliged to quit her station, the Prince Frederick was
+exposed not only to the fire from the Castle, but to that of Fort St.
+Joseph, and to two ships that guarded the mouth of the harbour, which he
+sustained for many hours that day, and part of the next, with uncommon
+intrepidity. As he was giving his command upon deck both his legs were
+shot off; but such was his magnanimity, that he would not suffer his
+wounds to be dressed till he had communicated his orders to his First
+Lieutenant, which were--_To fight his ship to the last extremity_. Soon
+after this he gave some directions about his private affairs, and then
+resigned his soul, with the dignity of a hero and a Christian. Thus was he
+taken off in the thirty-first year of his age; an illustrious commander of
+superior fortitude and clemency, amiable in his person, steady in his
+affection, and equalled by few in the social and domestic virtues of
+politeness, modesty, candour, and benevolence. He married the widow of
+Colonel F. Alexander, a daughter of Sir H. Newton, Knt.,
+Envoy-Extraordinary to the Court of Florence and the Republic of Genoa,
+and Judge to the High Court of Admiralty." His epitaph over the
+inscription:--
+
+  "While Britain boasts her empire o'er the deep,
+  This marble shall compel the brave to weep:
+  As men, as Britons, and as soldiers mourn--
+  'Tis dauntless, loyal, virtuous Beauclerk's urn.
+  Sweet were his manners as his soul was great,
+  And ripe his worth, though immature his fate;
+  Each tender grace that joy and love inspire,
+  Living, he mingled with his martial fire;
+  Dying, he bid Britannia's thunder roar,
+  And Spain still felt him when he breathed no more."
+
+--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+The stained window above commemorates the foundering of H.M.S. _Captain_,
+on September 7th, 1870, when Capt. Hugh Burgoyne, V.C., Capt. Cowper
+Coles, C.B., with 49 officers, and 402 men and boys, perished off Cape
+Finisterre, in the service of their country. The names are inscribed on
+brasses in St. Paul's Cathedral. The subjects of the window are--The Sea
+giving up her Dead; The Passage through the Red Sea; The Fleet of
+Solomon; Building the Ships of Tyre; Jonah delivered from the Whale;
+Christ Stilling the Tempest; Christ Walking on the Sea; Christ Teaching
+from the Ship; The Miraculous Draught; and the Shipwreck of St. Paul.
+
+PERCY KIRK, Esq.--On each side of a fine bust of this gentleman is a
+winged seraph; one having a dagger in his right hand inverted, and in his
+left a helmet; the other resting on a ball, and holding in his left hand a
+torch reversed. The inscription says, he was Lieutenant-General of his
+Majesty's armies; that he died January 1, 1741, aged fifty-seven; and that
+he was son of Percy Kirk, Esq., a Lieutenant-General in the reign of James
+II., by the Lady Mary, daughter of George Howard, Earl of Suffolk. Diana
+Dormer, his niece and sole heiress, died February 22, 1743, aged
+thirty-two.--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+RICHARD KANE.--On this tomb is a curious bust of this gentleman, of white
+marble, upon a handsome pedestal, whereon are inscribed the most striking
+passages of his life. He was born at Down, in Ireland, Dec. 20, 1666. In
+1689, he first appeared in a military capacity at the memorable siege of
+Derry; and after the reduction of Ireland followed William III. into
+Flanders, where he distinguished himself, particularly by his intrepid
+behaviour at the siege of Namurre, where he was severely wounded. In 1702,
+he bore a commission in the service of Queen Anne, and assisted in the
+expedition to Canada; from whence he again returned to Flanders, and
+fought under the Duke of Argyle, and afterwards under Lord Carpenter. In
+1712 he was made Sub-Governor of Minorca, through which island he caused a
+road to be made, before thought impracticable. In 1720 he was ordered by
+George I. to the defence of Gibraltar, where he sustained an eight months'
+siege against the Spaniards, when all hope of relief was extinguished; for
+which gallant service he was, by George II. rewarded with the government
+of Minorca, where he died, Dec. 19, 1736, and was buried in the Castle of
+St. Philip.--_Rysbrack, sculp._
+
+Bishop BRADFORD.--The inscription is in Latin, surrounded with the arms
+and proper ensigns of his several dignities. He was some time Rector of
+St. Mary-le-Bow, from thence advanced to the See of Carlisle and
+afterwards translated to that of Rochester, with the Deanery of this
+Church, and that of the Hon. Order of the Bath annexed. He died May 17,
+1731, in the seventy-ninth year of his age.--_Cheere, sculptor._
+
+Dr. BOULTER, Archbishop of Armagh.--The bust of the Archbishop is very
+natural; his long flowing hair and solemn gracefulness excite a kind of
+reverential respect in an attentive beholder. The ensigns of his dignity,
+with which his monument is ornamented, are most exquisitely finished. The
+inscription is enclosed in a beautiful border, and is as follows:--"Dr.
+Hugh Boulter, late Archbishop of Armagh, Primate of all Ireland, a Prelate
+so eminent for the accomplishment of his mind, the purity of his heart,
+and the excellency of his life, that it may be thought superfluous to
+specify his titles, recount his virtues, or even to erect a monument to
+his fame. His titles he not only deserved, but adorned; his virtues are
+manifest in his good works, which had never dazzled the public eye, if
+they had not been too bright to be concealed; and as to his fame,
+whosoever has any sense of merit, any reverence for piety, and passion for
+his country, or any charity for mankind, will assist in preserving it fair
+and spotless, and when brass and marble shall mix with the dust they
+cover, every succeeding age may have the benefit of his illustrious
+example. He was born January 4, 1671; was consecrated Bishop of Bristol,
+1718; translated to the Archbishopric of Armagh, 1723; and from thence to
+heaven, Sept. 27, 1742."--_S. H. Cheere, sculptor._
+
+
+
+
+North Aisle.
+
+
+Looking back on your left is a new monument to the memory of Sir THOMAS
+FOWELL BUXTON, Bart., born April 1, 1786; died Feb. 19, 1845. Endowed with
+a vigorous mind, of dauntless courage and untiring energy, he was early
+led by the love of God to devote his powers to the good of man. In
+Parliament he laboured for the improvement of prison discipline; for the
+amendment of the criminal code, for the suppression of Suttees in India,
+for the liberation of the Hottentots in Southern Africa; and, above all,
+for the emancipation of eight hundred thousand slaves in the British
+dominions. In this last righteous enterprise, after ten years of arduous
+conflict, a final victory was given to him and his coadjutors "by the
+grace of our God," on the memorable 1st of August, 1834. The energies of
+his mind were afterwards concentrated on a great attempt to extinguish the
+slave trade in Africa, by the substitution of agriculture and commerce,
+and by the civilizing influence of the Gospel. Exhausted in mind and body,
+"he fell asleep," reposing in faith on his Redeemer, in the fifty-ninth
+year of his age. This monument is erected by his friends and
+fellow-labourers at home and abroad, assisted by the grateful
+contributions of many thousands of the African race.--_Thrupp, sculptor._
+
+Next against the screen of the choir is a fine old monument, whereon lies
+the effigy of a gentleman at full length in a tufted gown; and underneath,
+upon the base, was a lady kneeling. By the inscription, these appear to
+represent Sir THOMAS HESKETH, Attorney of the Court of Wards of Liveries
+in Queen Elizabeth's time; and JULIAN, his wife, who caused this monument
+to be erected. He died October 15, 1605.
+
+Dame MARY JAMES.--A very neat monument, being an urn, wreathed, and
+crowned with a Viscount's coronet, on a handsome pedestal. By the
+inscription, it appears that this lady was the wife of Sir John James, of
+the ancient family of the Lords of Hosterick, in Holland, and daughter of
+Sir Robert Killigrew, Vice-Chamberlain to Henrietta Maria, Queen of
+Charles I. She died Nov. 6, 1677.
+
+HUGH CHAMBERLAIN, M.D., and F.R.S.--The principal figure on this monument
+lies, as it were, at ease, upon a sarcophagus, leaning on his right arm,
+with his hand upon his cap and his head uncovered. In his left hand he
+holds a book, indicating thereby his intense application to study. On each
+side are the emblems of physic and longevity; and over his head is Fame
+descending with a trumpet in one hand, and in the other a wreath. On the
+top are weeping cherubs, and on the pedestal a long inscription in Latin,
+setting forth his vast knowledge and industry in his profession, his
+humanity in relieving the sick, and his connections and affinities in
+social and private life. This gentleman was famous for the improvements he
+made in midwifery, the practice of which, since his time, has been studied
+by the faculty to great advantage. He died June 17, 1728, aged
+sixty-four.--_Scheemakers and Delvaux, sculptors._
+
+Doctor SAMUEL ARNOLD, late Organist of this Church, died October 22, 1802,
+aged sixty-two years. This monument was erected by his afflicted widow:--
+
+  "Oh, let thy still-loved Son inscribe thy stone,
+  And with a Mother's sorrows mix his own."
+
+A sickle cutting the lyre is represented below. Turning round on your
+right is--
+
+Captain PHILIP DE SAUSMAREZ.--The inscription on this monument is a
+recital of the deceased's naval exploits, one of those few whose lives
+ought rather to be measured by their actions than their days. From sixteen
+to thirty-seven years of age he served in the navy, and was often
+surrounded with dangers and difficulties unparalleled, always proving
+himself an able, active, and gallant officer. He went out a lieutenant on
+board his Majesty's ship the Centurion, under the auspicious conduct of
+Commodore Anson, in his expedition to the South Seas. He was commanding
+officer of the same ship when she was driven from her moorings at the Isle
+of Titian. In the year 1746, being Captain of the Nottingham, a sixty gun
+ship, he (then alone) attacked and took the Mars, a French ship of
+sixty-four guns. In the first engagement of the following year when
+Admiral Anson defeated and took a squadron of French men-of-war and
+Indiamen, he had an honourable share; and in the second, under Admiral
+Hawke, when the enemy, after a long and obstinate resistance, was again
+routed, in pursuing two ships that were making their escape, he
+gloriously, but unfortunately fell. He was the son of Matthew de
+Sausmarez, of the Island of Guernsey, Esq., by Ann Durell, of the Island
+of Jersey, his wife. He was born November 17, 1710, killed October 14,
+1747, and buried in the Old Church at Plymouth, with all the honours due
+to his distinguished merits. This monument was erected by his brothers and
+sisters.--_S. H. Cheere, sculptor._
+
+Doctor CHARLES BURNEY.--A tablet with the following inscription, written
+by his daughter:--"Sacred to the memory of Charles Burney, Mus. D.,
+F.R.S., who, full of years and full of virtues, the pride of his family,
+the delight of society, the unrivalled chief and scientific historian of
+his tuneful art--beloved, revered, regretted, breathed in Chelsea College
+his last sigh; leaving to posterity a fame unblemished, raised on a noble
+basis of intellectual attainments. High principles and pure benevolence,
+goodness with gaiety, talents with taste, were of his gifted mind the
+blended attributes; while the genial hilarity of his airy spirits animated
+or softened his every earthly toil: and a conscience without reproach,
+prepared in the whole tenor of his mortal life, through the mediation of
+our Lord Jesus Christ, his soul for heaven. Amen. Born April 7, O.S.,
+1726; died April 12, 1814."
+
+JOHN BLOW, Doctor in Music.--Under the tablet is a canon in four parts,
+set to music, with enrichments, cherubs, and flowers. In the centre is an
+English inscription, by which it appears he was Organist, Composer, and
+Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal thirty-five years, and Organist
+to this Abbey, fifteen years; that he was scholar to Dr. Christopher
+Gibbons, and Master to the famous Mr. Purcell, and to most of the eminent
+masters of his time. He died Oct. 1, 1708, in his sixtieth year.
+
+WILLIAM CROFT.--On the pedestal of this monument, in bas-relief, is an
+organ, and on the top a bust of the deceased, who was Doctor in Music,
+Master of the Children, Organist and Composer of the Chapel Royal, and
+Organist of Westminster Abbey. He died August 14, 1727, aged fifty.
+
+DR. MONK, Bishop of Gloucester and Bristol.--This ecclesiastic is
+represented in a fine brass in the centre of the aisle, holding a crosier
+surmounted with the paschal lamb, the four corners representing the
+evangelical emblems, while the inscription informs us that he was Bishop
+of Gloucester and Bristol, Canon of Westminster, Dean of Peterborough, and
+Regius Professor at Cambridge, and died June 6, 1859, aged
+seventy-four.--_Hardiman._
+
+On your left, on the choir side, against the column, is a small tablet to
+the memory of HENRY PURCELL, Esq., with the following inscription:--"Here
+lies Henry Purcell, who left this life, and is gone to that blessed place,
+where only his harmony can be exceeded." A short, but comprehensive
+epitaph, expressive of his great merit. He died Nov. 21, 1695, in his
+thirty-seventh year.
+
+Sacred to the memory of Captain GEORGE BRYAN, late of His Majesty's
+Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards, son of the Rev. John Bryan and Eliza
+Louisa, his wife, of Hertford, in the island of Jamaica. He fell in the
+month of July, 1809, in the twenty-seventh year of his age, at the battle
+of Talavera, in Spain, so glorious in the annals of British valour, but so
+deeply afflicting to a widowed mother. His remains were interred, with
+every military honour, in the garden of the convent of St. Jeronimo, when
+even the officers of the enemy joined in evincing respect to his memory
+and sympathy for his untimely fate. The monument represents a mourner
+reclining on the basement of a column that holds an urn, over which is the
+name of Talavera. Military trophies and implements of war are
+introduced.--_Bacon, jun., sculptor._
+
+Sir THOMAS STAMFORD RAFFLES: his figure is seated on a handsome moulded
+pedestal in serious contemplation; the following inscription
+underneath:--"To the memory of Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles, LL.D., F.R.S.,
+Lieutenant-Governor of Java, and first President of the Zoological
+Society of London; born in 1781, died in 1826. Selected at an early age to
+conduct the Government of the British conquests in the Indian Ocean, by
+wisdom, vigour, and philanthropy, he raised Java to happiness and
+prosperity unknown under former rulers. After the surrender of that Island
+to the Dutch, and during his government in Sumatra, he founded an emporium
+at Singapore, where he established freedom of person as the right of the
+soil, and freedom of trade as the right of the port, he secured to the
+British flag the maritime superiority of the Indian Seas. Ardently
+attached to science, he laboured successfully to add to the knowledge and
+enrich the museums of his native land: in promoting the welfare of the
+people committed to his charge, he sought the good of his country and the
+glory of God."--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+ALMERICUS DE COURCY, Baron of Kinsale.--His Lordship is here represented
+in full proportion, reposing himself, after the fatigues of an active
+life, under a rich canopy, finely ornamented and gilt. He was descended,
+as his inscription shows, from the famous John de Courcy, Earl of Ulster,
+who, in the reign of John, in consideration of his great valour, obtained
+that extraordinary privilege to him and his heirs, of standing covered
+before the King. This nobleman was greatly in favour with Charles II. and
+James II., and commanded a troop of horse under the latter. He died Feb.
+9, 1719, aged fifty-seven.
+
+"To the memory of WILLIAM WILBERFORCE, born in Hull, August 24, 1759, died
+in London, July 29, 1833. For nearly half a century a member of the House
+of Commons, and for six parliaments during that period one of the two
+representatives for Yorkshire. In an age and country fertile in great and
+good men, he was among the foremost of those who fixed the character of
+their time; because to high and various talents, to warm benevolence, and
+to universal candour, he added the abiding eloquence of a Christian life.
+Eminent as he was in every department of public labour, and a leader in
+every work of charity, whether to relieve the temporal or the spiritual
+wants of his fellow men, his name will ever be specially identified with
+those exertions which, by the blessing of God, removed from England the
+guilt of the African Slave Trade, and prepared the way for the abolition
+of slavery in every colony in the empire. In the prosecution of these
+objects, he relied not in vain on God: but in the progress, he was called
+to endure great obloquy and great opposition. He outlived, however, all
+enmity, and in the evening of his days withdrew from public life and
+public observation to the bosom of his family. Yet he died not unnoticed
+or forgotten by his country: the Peers and Commons of England, with the
+Lord Chancellor and the Speaker at their head, in solemn procession from
+their respective houses, carried him to his fitting place among the mighty
+dead around, here to repose, till, through the merits of Jesus Christ his
+only Redeemer and Saviour, whom in his life and in his writings he had
+desired to glorify, he shall rise in the resurrection of the just." His
+figure is seated on a pedestal, very ingeniously done, and truly
+expressive of his age, and of the pleasure he seemed to derive from his
+own thoughts.--_Joseph, sculptor._
+
+Above is Dr. PLENDERLEATH.--A medallion of the deceased is fixed up with
+ribbon, under which is Hygeia, the cup of health, a serpent twining round,
+and a bough of cypress lying on it. Below is written in a book--"He
+healed--'many that were sick of divers diseases.'" (St. Mark, i. 34.)
+Under the book is an Æsculapius as an emblem of physic. "In memory of Dr.
+John Plenderleath, third son of John Plenderleath, Esq., of Glen, in
+Tweedale, Scotland, Physician to the forces serving under the Marquis of
+Wellington in Portugal, who died at Coimbra, of a typhus fever, on the
+18th of June, 1811, aged twenty-eight years. He was eminently
+distinguished by the strength of his mental faculties, his great classical
+and professional knowledge; and no less by the humanity of his heart,
+which manifested itself on all occasions, and especially towards the
+numerous sick and wounded, both of his countrymen and of the enemy, which
+were committed to his care. In commemoration of his public virtues, and of
+his many amiable qualities in private life, this monument is erected as a
+small tribute of parental affection."--_Bacon, jun., sculptor._
+
+A monument to Sir THOMAS DUPPA, prettily ornamented with flowers and
+foliage, and on the top with an urn wreathed. The inscription shows that
+Sir Thomas in his youth waited on Charles II. when he was Prince of Wales.
+He was afterwards made Gentleman Usher and Daily Waiter, and then
+Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, in which office he died, April 25, 1694,
+aged 75.
+
+Behind you, looking upwards, in the window is a monument to the Rev.
+EVELYN LEVETT SUTTON, M.A., Prebendary of Westminster, Rector of High
+Holden, in the Isle of Thanet. Born 1777. On Sunday, 25th January, 1834,
+when reading the Ninth Commandment, suddenly fell down, was removed from
+the choir to his house, where he died the same evening. The inscription is
+as follows:--"The learning of the scholar, the benevolence of the
+Christian, obtained the esteem of the wise and the good, while his
+graceful wit, classic elegance of mind, and gentle and generous heart,
+made him the delight of all that knew him; his widow, now happiest when
+recalling her husband's worth and love, seeks, on this monument, to record
+her loss and her affection." A female is represented in front of the
+pedestal, resting her head on books of divinity.--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+"To the memory of Sir GEORGE LEONARD STAUNTON, Bart., of Cargin, county of
+Galway, Ireland. His life was devoted to his country's service, in various
+parts of the globe; his conduct on all occasions was distinguished by
+firmness, prudence, and integrity, and in a peculiar manner displayed in
+the treaty of peace concluded with Tippoo Sultan, in 1784, by which the
+British interests in India were promoted and secured. Born 19th April,
+1737; died 14th January, 1801." Sir George seems expounding the law to a
+native. A tiger is represented at the east end of the
+monument.--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+Beneath is a fine bust of Admiral WEST.--The inscription is remarkable for
+historical relation, viz.:--"Sacred to the memory of Temple West, Esq.,
+who, dedicating himself from his earliest youth to the naval service of
+his country, rose with merit and reputation to the rank of Vice-Admiral of
+the White. Sagacious, active, industrious, a skilful seaman, cool,
+intrepid, and resolute, he proved himself a gallant officer. In the signal
+victory obtained over the French, May 3, 1747, he was Captain of the ship
+which carried Sir Peter Warren, and acquired peculiar honour, even on that
+day of general glory. In the less successful engagement near Minorca, May
+20, 1756, wherein, as Rear-Admiral, he commanded the second division, his
+distinguished courage and animated example were admired by the whole
+British squadron; confessed by that of France; and, amidst the national
+discontent which followed, rewarded, as they deserved, by the warmest
+applauses of his country, and the just approbation of his Sovereign. On
+the 17th November following, he was appointed one of the Lords
+Commissioners of the Admiralty. He adorned his station by a modesty which
+concealed from him his own merit, and a candour which disposed him to
+reward that of others. With these talents he possessed the milder graces
+of domestic life: to the frank and generous spirit of an officer, he added
+the ease and politeness of a gentleman; and with the moral and social
+virtues of a good man, he exercised the duties of a Christian. A life so
+honourable to himself, so dear to his friends, so useful to his country,
+was ended at the age of forty-three, A.D. 1757. To preserve to posterity
+his fame, and his example, this monument was erected by the daughter of
+the brave unfortunate Balchen, the wife of Temple West, A.D. 1761."
+
+On the next monument are placed the arms of RICHARD LE NEVE, Esq., with
+the instruments of war. The English inscription informs us, that being
+made commander of his Majesty's ship the Edgar, he was unfortunately
+killed in the twenty-seventh year of his age, in that sharp engagement
+with the Hollanders, on the 11th August, 1673.
+
+Sir EDMUND PRIDEAUX, Bart.--Near this monument, in one grave, in the
+middle aisle, are deposited the remains of Sir Edmund Prideaux, of
+Netherton, in Devonshire, Bart., and Dame ANN, his second wife. He
+departed this life, February 26, 1728, in his fifty-fifth year; and she
+the 10th May, 1741, aged fifty-five years. Their daughter Ann erected this
+monument to their memories.--_Cheere, sculptor._
+
+Dame ELIZABETH CARTERET.--She was daughter of Sir Edward Carteret, Knight,
+Gentleman Usher to Charles I., and second wife and relict of Sir Philip de
+Carteret, and by him mother of Sir Charles Carteret, her only son, by
+whose death was extinguished the eldest branch of the ancient family of
+the Carterets, Signeurs of St. Owen, in the Isle of Jersey. She died March
+26, 1717, aged fifty-two.
+
+Opposite is the tablet of Dr. PETER HEYLIN, on the top of which are the
+arms of Heylin. On the face of the tablet is a long Latin inscription
+greatly to his praise. Died May 8, 1662, aged 63.
+
+A tablet to CHARLES WILLIAMS, Esq.--The scrollwork and scalloping are
+somewhat remarkable. The inscription tells us that the deceased was of
+Caerleon, in Monmouthshire, a strenuous defender of the Church and public
+liberty, and a good and generous man. He died August 29, 1720, aged
+eighty-seven.
+
+CHARLES AGAR, D.D.--This monument consists of a fine representation of the
+Archbishop relieving the poor, who are also finely executed, and the
+clergy of the diocese on the right hand, with the following
+inscription:--"Sacred to the memory of Charles Agar, D.D., Earl of
+Normanton, and Archbishop of Dublin. He was educated at Westminster
+School, and was a student of Christ Church, Oxford; in 1768, he was
+consecrated Bishop of Cloyne, in Ireland, and translated from thence to
+the Archbishoprick of Cashel, in 1779; in 1795, he was created Baron
+Somerton, of Somerton, in the county of Kilkenny, and Viscount Somerton,
+in 1800; in the following year he became Archbishop of Dublin, and in the
+year 1806, was created Earl of Normanton. He departed this life, July 14,
+1809, aged seventy-two years, and rests near this spot, in the same grave
+with his uncle, the Right Hon. Wellbore Ellis, Baron Mendip. In the course
+of his episcopal labours, not less than seventeen churches, and twenty-two
+glebe-houses, for the residence of his clergy, were built under his
+direction and assistance; and he erected, principally at his own expense,
+the Cathedral Church of Cashel. As a statesman and a prelate, he was an
+able and zealous supporter of the religion which he professed and taught,
+and of the country at whose councils he assisted. His care for the welfare
+of the Church, is testified by the numerous acts of Parliament he framed
+for its permanent regulation and support. The perfect state in which his
+dioceses were left, and the veneration impressed by his talents and
+virtues on the hearts of those over whom he presided, are far nobler
+monuments than any which can be erected to his memory."--_Bacon, jun.,
+sculptor._
+
+In the window is the following inscription:--"To the memory of the most
+affectionate of brothers, GEORGE LINDSAY JOHNSTONE, Esq., this monument is
+erected by his afflicted sister." His remains are interred in the South
+Cloister. Grief is represented in a mournful posture over a coffin, on the
+side of which is a medallion of the deceased.--_Flaxman, sculptor._
+
+ROBERT, Lord CONSTABLE.--On the face of the monument is this
+inscription:--"Near this lies the Right Hon. Robert, Lord Constable,
+Viscount Dunbar, who departed this life November 23, 1714, in his
+sixty-fourth year. Also his second wife, the Right Hon. DOROTHY BRUDENELL,
+Countess of Westmoreland, who departed this life January 26, 1739, aged
+ninety-one."
+
+Here you pass through the gate.
+
+THOMAS LIVINGSTONE, Viscount Teviot.--The top of this monument is
+decorated with the arms, supporters, and crest of this nobleman, and with
+military trophies, alluding to his profession of a soldier. On the face of
+the monument is a long Latin inscription, showing that he was born in
+Holland, but descended from the Livingstones in Scotland; that from his
+childhood he was trained to arms; that he attended the Prince of Orange
+into Britain as a Colonel of Foot; that he rose to the rank of
+Lieutenant-General, and General of the Scotch forces; was made Master of
+the Ordnance, and a Privy Councillor; that he secured Scotland to the
+King, by one decisive action on the Spey, for which he was advanced to the
+dignity of Viscount. He died January 14, 1710, aged sixty.
+
+EDWARD DE CARTERET.--This neat monument is ornamented with cherubs, and
+with festoons of leaves and fruit, finely embossed, and was erected to the
+child whose name is inscribed upon it, who died in the eighth year of his
+age, Oct. 30, 1677. He was son of Sir Edward de Carteret, Gentleman Usher
+to Charles II.
+
+PHILIP CARTERET.--Figure of Time, standing on an altar, and holding a
+scroll in his hand, whereon are written, in sapphic verse, lines to the
+following import, which he is supposed to be repeating:--
+
+  "Why flow the mournful Muse's tear,
+    For thee, cut down in life's full prime?
+  Why sighs for thee the parent dear,
+    Cropt by the scythe of hoary time?
+  Lo! this, my boy's, the common lot;
+    To me thy memory entrust;
+  When all that's dear shall be forgot,
+    I'll guard thy venerable dust.
+  From age to age, as I proclaim
+    Thy learning, piety, and truth,
+  Thy great examples shall enflame,
+    And emulation raise in youth."
+
+Over all is the bust of the noble youth here alluded to, who was son of
+Lord George Carteret, and died a King's scholar, at Westminster, ripe for
+the University, March 19, 1710, aged nineteen.--_David, sculptor._
+
+Above is a memorial window put up by friends of the great engineer, ROBERT
+STEPHENSON--George Stephenson, Telford, Smeaton, Robert Stephenson, Watt,
+Rennie:--Bonha Bridge, over the Nile; William of Wykeham; Britannia Bridge
+(tubular), over the Menai Straits; Hiram; Building of the Second Temple;
+Bezaleel; Building of the Temple by Solomon; Noah; The Erection of the
+Tabernacle; Tubal Cain; Building of the Ark by Noah; Victoria Bridge, over
+the St. Lawrence; Sir C. Wren; High Level Bridge at Newcastle-upon-Tyne;
+Mch. Angelo; The Colosseum at Rome; Archimedes; Building of a Roman
+Aqueduct; Euclid; Treasure Cities of Egypt; Cheops; Building of Nineveh.
+
+The next is to the memory of JOSEPH LOCKE, R.A., and President of the
+Society of Engineers:--Our Lord in Majesty; The Lord healing the impotent
+at Bethesda; Our Lord healing the withered hand; Resurrection of Our Lord;
+Our Lord and disciples walking in the corn-field.
+
+Above is a little monument, consisting of an urn over a tablet that has a
+Latin inscription, reciting the high character of Sir JAMES STEWART
+DENHAM, Bart., who died Nov. 26, 1780, aged sixty-seven.
+
+Suspended by a knot of ribbons, fastened to a pyramid of various-coloured
+marble, is a fine medallion, with the words--"HENRY PRIESTMAN, Esq."
+round the head. Underneath are naval trophies and sea instruments, most
+admirably sculptured, and upon the base an inscription, showing that the
+person to whose memory the monument is erected, was Commander-in-Chief of
+a squadron of ships of war in the reign of Charles II., a Commissioner of
+the Navy, and one of the Commissioners for executing the office of Lord
+High Admiral of England, in the reign of William III. He died August 20,
+1712, aged sixty-five.--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+A rostral column of curiously-veined marble, on which are depicted the
+prows of galleys, a Medusa's head, naval and military trophies, &c., with
+this short inscription:--"To the memory of JOHN BAKER, Esq., Vice-Admiral
+of the White Squadron of the British Fleet, who, when he commanded in the
+Mediterranean, died at Port-Mahon, November 20, 1716, aged fifty-six. He
+was a brave, judicious, and experienced officer, a sincere friend, and a
+true lover of his country. _Manet post funera virtus!_"--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+A monument to the memory of RICHARD MEAD, M.D., on which are his bust and
+various emblematical devices, expressive of his great learning and
+physical knowledge, for which he was eminent. He was of an ancient family
+in Buckinghamshire, was Physician in Ordinary to his Majesty, Fellow of
+the College of Physicians, and of the Royal Society; a great promoter of
+the Foundling Hospital, and well known to the world by his writings. He
+died the 14th of March, 1754, aged eighty-one.--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+On the column, on your right hand, is a small tablet erected to the memory
+of GILBERT THORNBURGH, Esq., an honest courtier, faithful to his God, his
+Prince, and his friends, who died October 6, 1677, aged fifty-six.
+
+In the window is a monument--"To the memory of the Right Honourable
+SPENCER PERCEVAL, Chancellor of the Exchequer, and First Lord of the
+Treasury. This monument was erected by the Prince Regent and the
+Parliament, to record their deep sense of his public and private virtues,
+and to mark the nation's abhorrence of the act by which he fell. Born 1st
+November, 1762; assassinated within the walls of the House of Commons,
+11th May, 1812." In bas-relief he is represented falling into the arms of
+the officers of the House of Commons in the lobby of the House, where the
+members are seen rushing forward to witness the sad catastrophe: the
+second figure to the left represents the assassin (Bellingham). A figure
+of Mr. Perceval is lying on a mattress, under which is a sarcophagus, the
+figure of power (with the fasces) weeping over him. At his feet are two
+figures, Truth (with the mirror), Temperance (the bridle).--_Westmacott,
+sculptor._
+
+ROBERT and RICHARD CHOLMONDELEY.--The Latin inscription informs us that
+the second and fourth sons of Robert Viscount Cholmondeley, lie here
+interred. Robert, a King's scholar, died at fourteen, February 4, 1678;
+Richard died June 9, 1680. Both youths of promising genius.
+
+EDWARD MANSELL, eldest son of Sir Edward Mansell, of Margam, in
+Glamorganshire, Bart., who died June 20, 1681, aged 15.
+
+Against a pillar, on a tablet of white marble, is a long inscription in
+English, setting forth the descent of EDWARD HERBERT, Esq. He was lineally
+descended from Sir George Herbert, of Swansea, in Glamorganshire, first
+sheriff of that county after the union of the principality of Wales in
+1542. He died Sept. 18, 1715, aged twenty-three, leaving one son, Thomas,
+then two years old.
+
+A double monument, being two oval tables between three wreathed pillars,
+neatly ornamented and inscribed; the first to the memory of WILLIAM
+MORGAN, second son of William Morgan, of Tredegar, in Monmouthshire, who
+died February 1, 1683, in the nineteenth year of his age; the other,
+THOMAS MANSEL, eldest son of Busy Mansel, of Britain's Ferry,
+Glamorganshire, who died December 13, 1684, aged thirty-eight.
+
+Mrs. JANE HILL.--This lady, who is here represented on a pedestal, in the
+ancient dress of her time, appears by the inscription to have been the
+daughter of Thomas Stoteville, of Brinkley, in Cambridgeshire, and wife,
+first to Edward Ellis, of Chesterton, and then to Othowell Hill, LL.D.,
+and Chancellor of the diocese of Lincoln. She died April 27, 1631, aged
+seventy-eight.
+
+In the window above, is a monument to the memory of Miss ANN WHYTELL, who
+died 17th August, 1788. Upon an urn are leaning two figures of Innocence
+and Peace, having the emblems in their hands, the dove and
+olive-branch.--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+Above is a monument erected--"To the memory of JOHN STEWART, Esq., Captain
+in the Royal Navy; son of William Stewart, Esq., of Castle Stewart, in
+Wigtownshire, and Euphemia, daughter of Lord Fortros. He entered the Navy
+at an early age, and distinguished himself in every rank and branch of the
+service, particularly when in command of the Seahorse, of thirty-eight
+guns, with which single ship he totally defeated a Turkish squadron, and
+captured the Bedere Zaffer, carrying fifty-one guns. He died in London, on
+the 25th October, 1811, aged thirty-six years. The knowledge, decision,
+and coolness which he displayed as an officer, won him the confidence of
+all who served with him; the gaiety and cheerfulness of his temper, the
+frankness of his disposition, and the warmth and goodness of his heart,
+rendered him the delight of all who approached him, and made his death an
+equal loss to private society and to his country."
+
+On the left is a handsome monument of Governor LOTEN, consisting of a
+single figure, representing Generosity, attended by a lion, who is
+sustaining a medallion, with his portrait upon a pedestal, on which is
+inscribed, in Latin, his great character, and the high offices he
+exercised over the Dutch settlements in India, where he arrived in the
+year 1732; married Henrietta Beaumont, August 24, 1733, who died August
+10, 1755. He returned to Europe in 1758, married in England July 4, 1765,
+to Lætitia Cotes, of Cotes, in Staffordshire, and died at Utrecht, May
+25, 1789, ætatis eighty. The lower inscription is the fifteenth Psalm,
+except the last verse, and concludes--"Such was John Gideon
+Loten."--_Banks, sculptor._
+
+Mrs. MARY BEAUFOY.--The principal figure is represented in a devout
+posture, with cherubs crowning her; on each side are Cupids lamenting the
+early decay of virgin beauty; and underneath, the arms of her family,
+quarterly, upheld by cherubs. The inscription on the base:--"_Reader!_
+whoe'er thou art, let the sight of this tomb imprint on thy mind, that
+young and old (without distinction) leave this world; and therefore fail
+not to secure the next." This lady was only daughter and heiress of Sir
+Henry Beaufoy, of Guy's Cliff, near Warwick, by the Hon. Charlotte Lane,
+eldest daughter of George, Lord Viscount Lansborough. She died July 12,
+1705.--_Grinling Gibbons, sculptor._
+
+"ROBERT KILLIGREW, of Arwenack, in Cornwall, Esq.; son of Thomas and
+Charlotte; Page of Honour to Charles II.; Brigadier-General of Her
+Majesty's Forces; killed in Spain, in the battle of Almanza, April 14,
+1707, _ætatis suæ_ forty-seven. _Militavit annis_ twenty-four." A fine
+piece of sculpture, cut out of one stone. The embellishments are distinct
+and very picturesque, and the inscription modest and soldierlike.--_Bird,
+sculptor._ In front of this monument Ben Jonson was buried.
+
+On a small tablet is the following inscription:--"In memory of THOMAS
+BANKS, Esq., R.A., Sculptor, whose superior abilities in his profession
+added a lustre to the arts of his country, and whose character as a man
+reflected honour on human nature. His earthly remains were deposited by
+his desire on the north side of the churchyard at Paddington. His spirit
+is with God. He died Feb. 2, 1805, aged seventy years."
+
+JOHN HUNTER.--The remains of this celebrated anatomist were removed from
+the Church of St. Martin-in-the-Fields to the Abbey in 1859. "The Royal
+College of Surgeons of England have placed this Tablet over the grave of
+Hunter, to record their admiration of his genius as a gifted interpreter
+of the Divine power and wisdom at work in the laws of organic life, and
+their grateful veneration for his services to mankind as the founder of
+scientific surgery." Born, 1728; died, 1793.
+
+Sir ROBERT WILSON and Lady.--A very fine brass beside that of Hunter. He
+was born in 1777, died 1849.
+
+Colonel JAMES BRINGFIELD.--This monument is ornamented with military
+trophies, cherubs, &c., and surrounded by a mantling, enclosing a table on
+which are written the deceased's military preferments, the manner of his
+death and burial, and the praises of his piety and virtue. He was born at
+Abingdon, Equerry to Prince George of Denmark, and Aid-de-Camp to the
+great Duke of Marlborough; was killed by a cannon ball, as he was
+remounting his General on a fresh horse, at the battle of Ramilies, on
+Whitsunday, May 12, 1706, and was interred at Barechem, in the province of
+Brabant, aged fifty.
+
+One of the windows in the north aisle of the nave of Westminster Abbey has
+recently been filled with stained glass in memory of the late Mr. BRUNEL.
+Along the bottom of the window (which consists of two lights, each 23 feet
+6 inches high, and 4 feet wide, surmounted by a quatrefoil opening, 6 feet
+6 inches across) is the inscription, "In memory of Isambard Kingdom
+Brunel, Civil Engineer. Born April 9, 1806. Died September 15, 1859." Over
+this are four allegorical figures (two in each light): Fortitude, Justice,
+Faith, and Charity. The upper part of the window consists of six panels,
+divided by a pattern-work of lilies and pomegranates. The panels contain
+subjects from the history of the Temple. The three subjects in the western
+light represent scenes from the Old Testament: viz., the Dedication of the
+Temple by Solomon, the Finding of the Book of the Law by Hilkiah, and the
+Laying the Foundations of the Second Temple. The subjects in the eastern
+light are from the New Testament: viz., Simeon Blessing the Infant
+Saviour, Christ Disputing with the Doctors, and the Disciples pointing out
+to Christ the Buildings of the Temple. In the heads of the lights are
+angels kneeling, and in the quatrefoil is a representation of Our Lord in
+Glory, surrounded by angels. The work was placed in the hands of Mr. R.
+Norman Shaw, of the firm of Nesfield & Shaw, Architects, who prepared the
+general design, arranged the scale of the various figures, and designed
+the ornamental pattern work. The figure subjects were drawn by Mr. Henry
+Holyday, and the whole design was executed in glass by Messrs. Heaton,
+Butler, & Bayne, of Garrick Street, Covent Garden.
+
+"To the memory of WILLIAM LEVINZ, Esq., grandson of Sir Cresswell Levinz,
+Knt., who was Attorney-General in the reign of Charles II., and afterwards
+one of the Justices of Common Pleas, from which station he was displaced
+in the reign of James II. for opposing the dispensing power, and was one
+of the counsel for the seven Bishops. William Levinz, the son of Sir
+Cresswell, represented the county of Nottingham in Parliament, as did his
+son, William Levinz, till the year 1747, when he was appointed a
+Commissioner of his Majesty's Customs, and in 1763, Receiver-General of
+the said revenue, in which office he died, the 17th of August, 1765, aged
+fifty-two years."--_R. Hayward, sculptor._
+
+HENEAGE TWYSDEN.--This monument is to the memory of a young hero slain in
+the battle of Blarignies, in Hainault, while Aid-de-Camp to John, Duke of
+Argyle, who commanded the right wing of the confederate army. He was the
+seventh son of Sir William Twysden, Bart., a youth of the greatest
+expectations, had not the fortune of war put an early stop to his rising
+merit, in the twenty-ninth year of his age, 1709. Above this are two small
+monuments to the memory of two of his brothers, JOSIAH and JOHN. Josiah
+was a Captain at the siege of Agremont, in Flanders, and slain by a cannon
+shot, in 1708, aged twenty-three. John was a Lieutenant in the Admiral's
+ship under Sir Cloudesly Shovel, and perished with him in 1707, aged
+twenty-four.
+
+JOHN WOODWARD, M.D.--This is an elegant monument, and the figures most
+admirably finished. The head of the deceased (who was Professor of Physic
+in Gresham College) in profile, is very masterly, and the lady that holds
+it inimitable. The inscription is a kind of panegyric upon the great parts
+and learning of the deceased, which entitled him to the distinction he
+received. He died in May, 1728, aged sixty-three.--_Scheemakers,
+sculptor._
+
+MARTHA PRICE.--This monument is ornamented with festoons of fruit,
+flowers, and foliage, and the inscription shows that she was the wife of
+Gervase Price, Esq., who served Charles II. in the double capacity of
+Sergeant-Trumpeter and Gentleman of the Bows. She died April 7, 1678.
+
+Above is a monument to the memories of Captains HERVEY and HUTT, who were
+engaged in the naval action under Lord Howe. It is principally composed of
+two colossal figures, Britannia and Fame, placed one on each side a large
+vase, on which are portraits of the deceased Captains. Britannia is
+decorating the vase with laurel, while Fame is pointing to the names of
+the heroes engraven on the base which supports the vase.--_Bacon, jun.,
+sculptor._
+
+Beneath is the effigy of ANNE, Countess Dowager of CLANRICKARD, resting
+upon a tomb, and under it is the following inscription:--"Here lies the
+Right Honourable Anne, Countess Dowager of Clanrickard, eldest daughter of
+John Smith, Esq., who is interred near this place. She married first, Hugh
+Parker, Esq., eldest son of Sir Henry Parker, of Honington, in the county
+of Warwick, Bart., by whom she had the present Sir Henry John Parker,
+Bart., three other sons, and three daughters. By her second husband,
+Michael, Earl of Clanrickard, of the kingdom of Ireland, the head of the
+ancient and noble family of the Burkes, she had Smith, now Earl of
+Clanrickard, and two daughters, Lady Anne and Lady Mary. She died January
+1, 1732, in her forty-ninth year."
+
+GENERAL LAWRENCE.--This monument was erected at the expense of the East
+India Company, in memory of the man who, by the conquest of Pondicherry,
+and the defence of Tritchinopoly, reduced the power of the French in the
+East, and paved the way for one of the richest empires that ever a trading
+people aspired to command, which, however, was in the year 1783, in so
+lamentable a situation, wasted by war, and oppressed by European
+plunderers, that, from being one of the richest countries in the world, it
+became the most deplorable. On the top is an admirable bust of the
+General, to which the genius of the Company is pointing, while Fame is
+declaring his noble exploits, at the same time holding in her hand a
+shield, on which is written:--"For discipline established, fortresses
+protected, settlements extended, French and Indian armies defeated, and
+peace concluded in the Carnatic." Close under the bust is written: "Born
+March 6, 1697; died January 10, 1775." On a table of beautiful marble in
+relief, is represented the siege of a great city, and under it is the word
+TRITCHINOPOLY.--_Tayler, sculptor._
+
+Up high is a tablet to Colonel JOHN DAVIS, President of the Council of the
+Island of St. Christopher, who died December 13, 1725, aged sixty-three.
+
+PENELOPE EGERTON.--The lady for whom this monument was erected, was
+daughter of Robert, Lord Nedham, Viscount Kilmurray, and wife of Randolph
+Egerton, of Bentley, in Cheshire, an eminent Loyalist, Major-General of
+Horse to Charles I., and Lieutenant-Colonel to Charles II.'s own troop of
+Guards. She died in child-bed, April 13, 1670.
+
+A tablet placed high above to the memory of JAMES EGERTON, son of
+Major-General Egerton, who died April 13, 1687, aged nine years.
+
+The west window is filled with painted glass: the figures of Abraham,
+Isaac, and Jacob, Moses and Aaron, and the twelve Patriarchs; the arms of
+Sebert, Edward the Confessor, Queen Elizabeth, George II., and Dean
+Wilcocks, Bishop of Rochester: date 1735.
+
+In the window at the end of the North Aisle, is a figure in stained glass
+(supposed to be Edward the Confessor), but the colours being of water
+blue, no particular face can be distinguished.
+
+In the window of the South Aisle, the figure is supposed to be that of
+Edward the Black Prince.
+
+
+
+
+North-West Tower.
+
+
+The Right Honourable CHARLES JAMES FOX is represented on a mattress,
+falling into the arms of Liberty. Peace (with the olive branch and dove)
+is reclining on his knee. An African thanking him for the part he took in
+the cause of Freedom. Born Jan. 24, 1749; died Sept. 13, 1806, aged
+fifty-seven.--_Sir Richard Westmacott, sculptor._
+
+In the North-west Tower is a monument to Captain MONTAGUE. He fell with
+Captains Hervey and Hutt in Earl Howe's engagement, on the 1st of June,
+1794, when a signal and important victory was obtained over the French
+fleet. The King and Parliament, in consequence, directed this monument to
+be erected. The Captain is represented with his hand resting on his sword;
+Victory, alighting, is waving the laurel crown over his head; a trophy of
+naval flags hangs over a basso-relievo of prisoners behind; on the front
+of this pedestal is the engagement; on the right side is Neptune's
+trident, and a crown of oak; on the left, a wreath of laurel containing
+the word "Constitution;" the base is guarded by two lions.--_Flaxman,
+sculptor._
+
+On the right, upon a pedestal with appropriate emblems, is an exceedingly
+animated and life-like bust of the Right Hon. Sir JAMES MACINTOSH, M.P.,
+one of the most distinguished men of his time, and who attained to great
+eminence in literature, philosophy, history, and politics. He was born at
+Aldonric, on the banks of Lochness, Scotland, on the 24th October, 1765;
+was knighted in 1804; in 1830 he was appointed to a seat at the Board of
+Control, and died 30th May, 1832, regretted (it is said) with more
+sincerity, and admired with less envy than any man of his age.--_Theed,
+sculptor._
+
+At the back is a monument sacred to the memory of the Honourable GEORGE
+AUGUSTUS FREDERICK LAKE, late Lieutenant-Colonel in his Majesty's
+twenty-ninth Regiment of Foot, who fell at the head of his Grenadiers, in
+driving the enemy from the heights of Roliea, in Portugal, on the 17th of
+August, 1808. This stone is erected to his memory by the officers,
+non-commissioned officers, drummers, and privates of the corps, as a
+testimony of their high regard and esteem.--_Smith, sculptor._
+
+Beneath is a monument to the Right Hon. GEORGE TIERNEY, whose bust is
+placed on a pedestal, with the following inscription:--"To the memory of
+the Right Honourable George Tierney, born in 1762; died in 1830. A man
+equally distinguished for the disinterested integrity of his public
+conduct, and the unpretended virtues of his private life. In Parliament he
+was long conspicuous for a style of oratory peculiarly his own; plain,
+familiar, forcible, and persuasive, abounding in proofs of natural
+shrewdness, and strokes of original learning, and sustained throughout by
+an accurate knowledge of details, and an unostentatious command of clear
+language. Without having obtained the rewards of wealth or station, he
+secured the respect and esteem of his contemporaries, by the consistency
+of his political principles, and his unwearied activity in supporting
+them; by the simplicity of his manners, and the benevolence of his
+character; and by an unaffected reverence for religion. His surviving
+friends have raised this monument, to be a testimony of their affection,
+and a reward of his talents and virtues."--_Westmacott, jun., sculptor._
+
+Next is a new monument to the memory of HENRY RICHARD VASSAL FOX, Baron
+Holland, born November 23, 1773, and died October 22, 1840, aged
+sixty-seven. On the steps that lead up to the door of a vault are three
+figures; on the left hand of the spectator is Genius, with his old funeral
+emblem, the reversed torch; climbing the steps to the right are, in rich
+combination, Literature and Science. A scroll is in the hands of
+Literature, and that of Science rests upon her wheel. Over the doorway of
+the tomb, the key-stone, enriched by a coiling serpent (the old emblem of
+eternity), assists to support the cornice, from which rise a rusticated
+pediment and pedestal; on the latter is placed a colossal bust of the
+deceased Lord, and on either side of the tomb are bassi-relievi,
+representing severally Charity and Justice. The monument is twenty feet
+high, eleven feet six inches wide, and has six feet of projection from the
+wall. The architectural portions are of Sicilian marble. Without
+inscription.--_Baily, sculptor._
+
+On the left is a monument erected by the corps of Royal Engineers, to the
+memory of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir RICHARD FLETCHER, Knight and Baronet,
+who, after highly-distinguished services, as Commanding Royal Engineer,
+with the army under the Duke of Wellington, in the Peninsular War, was
+killed at the storming of St. Sebastian, 1812, in the forty-fifth year of
+his age.--_Baily, sculptor._
+
+Above is a tablet with naval trophies, sacred to the memory of
+Rear-Admiral Sir GEORGE HOPE, K.C.B., erected by several Captains in the
+Royal Navy, who served under him as Midshipmen.--_Turnerelli, sculptor._
+
+A small tablet to the memory of the Hon. CHARLES BANKS STANHOPE, second
+son of Charles, Earl of Stanhope, and nephew of the Right Hon. William
+Pitt, Major of the fiftieth Regiment of Foot, who in the act of gallantly
+encouraging his men, fell by a musket-shot in the battle of Corunna. This
+tablet is affectionately inscribed by his afflicted sister, who can
+neither do justice to his virtues, nor sufficiently deplore his loss. Born
+3rd June, 1785; died 16th January, 1809.
+
+WILLIAM HORNECK, Esq.--This monument is embellished with books, plans, and
+instruments of fortification, alluding to the employment of the deceased
+as Chief Engineer to the Royal Train. The inscription informs us that he
+learned the art of war under the great Duke of Marlborough. He died May 9,
+1746, aged sixty-two.
+
+Beneath, to the right, is a bust erected to Major JAMES RENNELL, who died
+March 29, 1830, in his eighty-eighth year. His useful life, firm
+character, and high talents, are amply exhibited in his works, and need no
+other monument. This tablet, therefore, merely records, that this
+celebrated man was buried near this spot.--_Baily, sculptor._
+
+ZACHARY MACAULAY.--A bust on a pedestal; the inscription as follows:--"In
+grateful remembrance of Zachary Macaulay, who, during a protracted life,
+with an intense but quiet perseverance, which no success could relax, no
+reverse could subdue, no toil, privations, or reproach could daunt,
+devoted his time, talents, fortune, and all the energies of his mind and
+body to the service of the most injured and helpless of mankind; and
+partook for more than forty years in the counsels and in the labours
+which, guided and blessed by God, first rescued the British empire from
+the guilt of the Slave Trade, and finally conferred freedom on 800,000
+slaves; this tablet is erected by those who drew wisdom from his mind, and
+a lesson from his life, and who humbly rejoice in the assurance that,
+through the Divine Redeemer, the foundation of all his hopes, he shares in
+the happiness of those who rest from their labours, and their works do
+follow them." He was born at Inverary, North Britain, on the 2nd of May,
+1768, and died in London on the 13th May, 1838.--_Weekes, sculptor._
+
+
+THE NAVE.
+
+The Organ Screen was erected by the Dean and Chapter in 1831, designed by
+Mr. Blore, Architect to the Abbey, and executed with great precision. Four
+pilasters with decorated finials divide the Screen into three
+compartments, the centre for the gate of entrance to the choir from the
+west, the other two contain the monuments of Sir Isaac Newton and Earl
+Stanhope; on each of the pilasters are projecting pedestals, on which are
+the figures of Henry III. and his Queen, Edward the Confessor, and his
+Queen, and Edward I. and his Queen.
+
+Sir ISAAC NEWTON.--This is a grand and expressive monument, every way
+worthy of the great man to whose memory it was erected, who is sculptured
+recumbent, leaning his right arm on four folios, thus titled--_Divinity,
+Chronology, Optics, and Phil: Prin. Math:_ and pointing to a scroll
+supported by winged cherubs. Over him is a large globe, projecting from a
+pyramid behind, whereon is delineated the course of the comet in 1680,
+with the signs, constellations, and planets. On the globe sits the figure
+of Astronomy with her book closed. Underneath the principal figure is a
+most curious bas-relief, representing the various labours in which Sir
+Isaac chiefly employed his time: such as discovering the causes of
+gravitation, settling the principles of light and colours, and reducing
+the coinage to a determined standard. The device of weighing the sun by
+the steelyard has been thought at once bold and striking; and, indeed, the
+whole monument does honour to the sculptor. The inscription on the
+pedestal is in Latin, short, but fall of meaning; intimating that, by a
+spirit nearly divine, he solved, on principles of his own, the motions and
+figures of the planets, the paths of the comets, and the ebbing and
+flowing of the sea; that he discovered the dissimilarity of the rays of
+light and the properties of colours from thence arising, which none but
+himself had ever thought of; that he was a diligent, wise, and faithful
+interpreter of nature, antiquity, and the Holy Scriptures; that by his
+philosophy he maintained the dignity of the Supreme Being; and by the
+purity of his life, the simplicity of the Gospel. The inscription
+concludes with a beautiful exclamation--"How much reason mortals have to
+pride themselves in the existence of such and so great an ornament to the
+human race!" He was born December 25, 1642, and died March 20,
+1726.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+JAMES, Earl STANHOPE.--This monument, in which, likewise, the principal
+figure leans upon his arm in a cumbent posture, holding in his right hand
+a general's staff, and in his left a parchment scroll. A Cupid stands
+before him, resting himself upon a shield. Over a martial tent sits a
+beautiful Pallas, holding in her right hand a javelin, and in the other a
+scroll. Behind is a slender pyramid. On the middle of the pedestals are
+two medals, and on each side of the pilasters one. Under the principal
+figure is a Latin inscription, setting forth the merits of this great man,
+as a soldier, a statesman, and a senator. In 1707, he concluded an
+advantageous treaty with Spain, and in the same year was sent Ambassador
+to Charles III. In 1708, he took Port-Mahon. In 1710, he forced his way to
+the gates of Madrid, and took possession of that capital. In 1714, he
+impeached the Duke of Ormond. In September, 1715, he was made Secretary at
+War. In December, 1716, he was made Secretary of State. In 1717, he was
+made First Commissioner of the Treasury, and Chancellor of the Exchequer;
+and in July following created a Peer. In March, 1718, he was a second time
+made Secretary of State. In 1720, he died, in his forty-seventh
+year.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+"To the memory of PHILIP (second) Earl STANHOPE, conspicuous for universal
+benevolence, unshaken public integrity, and private worth. Deep were his
+researches in philosophy, and extensive his ideas for his country's good.
+He was ever a determined supporter of the Trial by Jury, of the freedom of
+Elections, of a numerous and well-regulated Militia, and of the liberty of
+the Press. On the 7th day of March, 1786 (and in the seventy-second year
+of his age), he terminated an honourable life, spent in the exercise of
+virtue, in the improvement of science, and in the pursuit of truth. In
+respectful remembrance of him, the above lines are inscribed by his
+affectionate son, Charles, Earl Stanhope."
+
+The Pulpit, in the Nave, is used only for the special evening services,
+and is composed of variegated marbles interspersed with rich foliage and
+some very tasteful mosaics, and around it are six excellent figures of St.
+Paul, St. Peter, and the four Evangelists, and in a medallion in front, a
+head of the Saviour _surrounded_ with thorns, and pointing upwards with
+his right hand from his left shoulder. The following is painted on one
+side:--"This Pulpit is presented to the Dean and Chapter of Westminster by
+a few friends, in grateful commemoration of the Opening of the Nave for
+public worship and preaching, in January, 1858. 'As ye go, preach, saying
+the kingdom of Heaven is at hand.'" (St. Matt., chap. 10, v. 7.)--_Field,
+sculptor._
+
+ROBERT STEPHENSON.--Nearly in front of the new pulpit, upon the floor, is
+a brass figure of life-size upon a rich foliage diaper over the remains of
+this eminent engineer, in addition to which has just been erected a superb
+painted window illustrative of his fertile genius. He died 12th October,
+1859, aged fifty-six.
+
+At the foot of R. Stephenson's grave is a slab of black Irish marble
+inlaid with brass, sacred to the memory of Sir CHARLES BARRY, Knt., R.A.
+and F.S.A., and Architect of the New Palace of Westminster and other
+buildings, who died A.D. 1860, aged 64 years, and lies buried beneath this
+brass, which represents the Victoria Tower and the Ground Plan of the
+Houses of Parliament.
+
+Nearly opposite this slab is a granite tombstone, upon which is the
+following inscription:--"Beneath this stone rest the remains of COLIN
+CAMPBELL, Lord Clyde, who by his own deserts, through fifty years of
+arduous service, from the earliest battles in the Peninsular War to the
+Pacification of India, in 1858, rose to the rank of Field-Marshal and the
+Peerage. He died lamented by the Queen, the army, and the people, August
+the 14th, 1863, in the seventy-first year of his age."--_Gaffin, fecit._
+
+Field-Marshal Sir GEORGE POLLOCK, Bart., G.C.B., G.C.S.I., Constable of
+the Tower. Died 6th October, 1872, aged 86 years. "O God the Lord, the
+strength of my salvation, Thou hast covered my head in the day of
+battle."--Psalm cxl. 7.
+
+A little to the west of the latter is the tombstone of TOMPION and GRAHAM,
+the celebrated chronometer inventors. Tompion died 1713, aged
+seventy-five. Graham died 1751, aged seventy-eight.
+
+Beside Tompion is the grave of LIVINGSTONE, over which there is a large
+black marble slab, with the following inscription: "Brought by faithful
+hands over land and sea, here rests David Livingstone, Missionary,
+Traveller, Philanthropist. Born March 19th, 1813; died May 1st, 1873, at
+Chetamba's village, Ulala. For 30 years his life was spent in an
+unwearied effort to evangelize the Native races, to explore the
+undiscovered secrets, to abolish the desolating slave trade of Central
+Africa, where, with his last words, he wrote: 'All I can add in my
+solitude is, May Heaven's rich blessing come down on every one, American,
+English, or Turk, who will help to heal this open sore of the world.'
+'Other sheep I have which are not of this fold; them also I must bring,
+and they shall hear My voice.'" The Latin verses are from Lucan the Roman
+poet, who, in his "Pharsalia," describes the aspiration of Julius Cæsar to
+solve the problem, even then before the world, of the causes and source of
+the Nile. The verses may be thus translated:--_So great is my love of
+truth that there is nothing I would rather know than the causes of the
+river that have lain hid through so many ages...._
+
+On the right of the West door, in the middle of a pyramid, is a large
+medallion of brass, resting on a cherub below, and suspended by another at
+the top. Round the medal is a Latin inscription, thus translated:--"JOHN
+CONDUIT, Master of the Mint." This gentleman succeeded his relation, the
+great Sir Isaac Newton, in that office, and desired to be buried near him,
+as appears by a long Latin inscription on the base. Died May 23, 1737,
+aged forty-nine. Catherine, his wife, died Jan. 20, 1739, aged fifty-nine,
+and lies interred in the same tomb.--_Cheere, sculptor._
+
+A stone arch has been turned over the west door, on which is erected a
+monument, voted by Parliament to the memory of the Right Hon. WILLIAM
+PITT. This illustrious statesman is represented habited in the robes of
+Chancellor of the Exchequer. To the right of the base of the statue, is
+History recording his speeches, whilst Anarchy, on the left, lies subdued,
+and writhing in chains at his feet. The Statues composing this group are
+nine feet in height. Inscription:--"This monument is erected by Parliament
+to William Pitt, son of William Earl of Chatham, in testimony of gratitude
+for the eminent public services, and of regret for the irreparable loss of
+that great and disinterested Minister. He died Jan. 23, 1806, in the
+forty-seventh year of his age."--_Sir Richard Westmacott, R.A., sculptor._
+
+On the left is a lofty pyramid of a bluish coloured marble, to the memory
+of Sir THOMAS HARDY, Knt., whose effigy is reclining upon a tomb of
+elegant workmanship, with a naked boy on his left side weeping over an
+urn. The inscription, a little history of the deceased's life, is here
+copied:--"Sir Thomas Hardy, to whose memory this monument was erected, was
+bred in the Royal Navy from his youth, and was made a Captain in 1693. In
+the expedition to Cadiz, under Sir George Rook, he commanded the Pembroke;
+and when the fleet left the coast of Spain to return to England, he was
+ordered to Lagos Bay, where he got intelligence of the Spanish galleons
+being arrived in the harbour of Vigo, under convoy of seventeen French
+men-of-war. By his great diligence and judgment he joined the English
+fleet, and gave the Admiral that intelligence which engaged him to make
+the best of his way to Vigo, where all the aforementioned galleons and
+men-of-war were either taken or destroyed. After the success of that
+action, the Admiral sent him with an account of it to the Queen, who
+ordered him a considerable present, and knighted him. Some years
+afterwards he was made a Rear-Admiral, and received several other marks of
+favour and esteem from her Majesty, and from her Royal Consort, Prince
+George of Denmark, Lord High Admiral of England. He died August 16, 1732,
+aged sixty-seven."--_Cheere, sculptor._
+
+Captain JAMES CORNEWALL.--This noble monument, which is thirty-six feet
+high, has a large base and pyramid of rich Sicilian marble. Against the
+pyramid is a rock (embellished with naval trophies, sea weeds, &c.) in
+which are two cavities; in the one is a Latin epitaph; in the other, a
+view of the sea-fight before Toulon, in bas-relief, on the foreground
+whereof the Marlborough, of ninety guns, is seen fiercely engaged with
+Admiral Navarre's ship, the Real, of one hundred and fourteen guns, and
+her two seconds, all raking the Marlborough fore and aft. On the rock
+stand two figures; the one represents Britannia, under the character of
+Minerva, accompanied with a lion: the other figure is expressive of Fame,
+who, having presented to Minerva a medallion of the hero, supports it
+whilst exhibited to public view. The medallion is accompanied with a globe
+and various honorary crowns as due to valour. Behind the figure is a lofty
+spreading palm-tree (whereon is fixed the hero's shield or coat of arms),
+together with a laurel-tree, both which issue from the naturally barren
+rock, as alluding to some heroic and uncommon event. The
+inscription:--"Amongst the monuments of ancient merit in this sacred
+Cathedral, let the name of James Cornewall be preserved, the third son of
+Henry Cornewall, of Bradwarden Castle, in the County of Hereford, Esq.,
+who, from the very old and illustrious stock of the Plantagenets, deriving
+a truly ancient spirit, became a naval commander of the first eminence;
+equally and deservedly honoured by the tears and applause of Britons, as a
+man who bravely defended the cause of his country in that sea-fight off
+Toulon, and being by a chain-shot deprived of both his legs at a blow,
+fell unconquered, on the 3rd of February, 1743, in the forty-fifth year of
+his age, bequeathing his animated example to his fellow sailors as a
+legacy of a dying Englishman, whose extraordinary valour could not be
+recommended to the emulation of posterity in a more ample eulogy, than by
+so singular an instance of honour; since the Parliament of Great Britain,
+by an unanimous suffrage, resolved that a monument, at the public expense,
+should be consecrated to the memory of this most heroical
+person."--_Tayler, sculptor._
+
+
+
+
+South Aisle.
+
+
+At the back of Cornewall's, is the monument to the Right Honourable JAMES
+CRAGGS, who was made Secretary at War in April, 1717, and one of his
+Majesty's Privy Council and Secretary of State, in March, 1718. The statue
+of this gentleman, large as the life, is finely represented as leaning on
+an urn, which has upon it in golden characters, an inscription, showing
+that he was principal Secretary of State, and a man _universally beloved_,
+which is there particularly marked, because, as he was of low extraction,
+being only a shoemaker's son, it is the more admirable, that in the high
+station to which his merit had raised him, he should escape envy, and
+acquire the general esteem. He died February 16, 1720, aged thirty-five.
+Upon the base of the monument is this epitaph, written by Mr. Pope:--
+
+  "Statesman, yet friend to truth, of soul sincere,
+  In action faithful, and in honour clear!
+  Who broke no promise, serv'd no private end,
+  Who gained no title, and who lost no friend.
+  Ennobled by himself, by all approv'd,
+  Prais'd, wept, and honour'd, by the muse he lov'd."
+
+--_Signor Guelphi, sculptor._
+
+A statue of WILLIAM WORDSWORTH, placed here by the friends and admirers of
+the late Poet. Mr. Wordsworth was born at Cockermouth, in Cumberland, on
+April 7, 1770, and died at Rydal Mount, Ambleside, Westmoreland, on April
+23, 1850. The statue is much admired; and the meditative attitude in which
+the Poet is represented, and the quiet and sacred spot in which it is
+placed, apart from the crowd, and in a peaceful retirement of its own,
+harmonize with and are expressive of, the tranquil tenour of his life, and
+the thoughtful, sublime, and philosophic character of his works.
+
+Next to this is a bust of KEBLE, by T. Woolner. It occupies the middle of
+the three arcades on the west side of the South Tower, and adjoins the
+monument of Wordsworth. It has a pedestal of alabaster containing a black
+marble inscription panel, on either side of which is a green marble
+pillar, between the carved capitals of which is seated a vesica-shaped
+panel of alabaster, richly moulded, carved, and studded with gems of blue
+fluor-spar within ovals of gilt beads. Above this is placed a Calvary
+cross of alabaster with gemmed and inlaid arms and trefoiled ends. The
+internal part of the vesica panel is occupied with the white marble bust,
+life size, placed on an enriched corbel of alabaster, on which corbel are
+inclined pillars which support a trefoiled and gabled canopy overhanging
+the bust. The total height of the work is nine feet, and its width three
+feet.
+
+A small tablet to HENRY WHARTON, remarkable only by the great name
+inscribed upon it, who was Rector of Chartham, in Kent; Vicar of the
+Church of Minster, in the Isle of Thanet; Librarian to Archbishop
+Sancroft, and one of the most voluminous writers of his years, perhaps, in
+the world. He died March 3, 1694, aged only thirty-one, and was an
+universally respected by the Bishops and clergy, that Archbishop
+Tillotson, and several other Prelates, with a vast body of clergy, the
+choir and King's scholars, all in solemn procession, attended his funeral,
+and joined in the anthems composed on this occasion by the great Purcell.
+
+Above this tablet of Wharton is a gallery, used by the Royal Family to see
+the procession of the Knights of the Bath: they enter at Poets' Corner
+door, and proceed round the West end, and up the North Aisle, into Henry
+VII.'s Chapel, where the installation takes place.
+
+In an oval frame is a half-length marble portrait of WILLIAM CONGREVE,
+Esq., placed on a pedestal of the finest Egyptian marble, and enriched
+with emblematical figures alluding to the drama. Underneath is this
+inscription in English:--"Mr. William Congreve, died January 19, 1728,
+aged fifty-six, and was buried near this place, to whose most valuable
+memory this monument is set up by Henrietta, Duchess of Marlborough, as a
+mark how dearly she remembers the happiness she enjoyed in the sincere
+friendship of so worthy and honest a man, whose virtue, candour, and wit,
+gained him the love and esteem of the present age, and whose writings will
+be the admiration of the future."--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+A bust of JOHN FRIEND, M.D., on a pedestal of fine white veined marble;
+and beneath is a long Latin inscription, setting forth his great and
+distinguished acquirements. He was a physician of the first rank for
+knowledge and experience; was no less successful in his practice than
+ingenious in his writings. He was first educated at Westminster School,
+and afterwards at Christ Church College, Oxford, where his learning soon
+made him conspicuous. On his leaving the University, and adopting the
+profession of physic, he was chosen a member of the College of Physicians
+in London, and soon after a Fellow of the Royal Society. His writings are
+lasting monuments of his extensive genius. He died July 26,
+1728.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+Sir LUMLEY ROBINSON, Baronet.--This monument is neatly designed and
+ornamented; the columns are supported by Death's heads, and the arms upon
+the base by a cherub. On the top was a vase, and, rising to the pediments,
+enrichments of laurel branches, &c. The inscription has nothing
+remarkable. He was of Kentwall Hall, in Suffolk, and died August 6, 1684,
+aged thirty-six.--_Settie, sculptor._
+
+THOMAS SPRAT, D.D.--This monument seems to have been designed principally
+for the sake of the inscriptions, which are in Latin. Underneath are the
+arms of the deceased, and on the top his arms, with those of the see of
+Rochester, quarterly, between enrichments of books, &c. The first
+inscription informs you,--"That Dr. Sprat was the son of a clergyman in
+Dorsetshire; and that he was educated at Wadham College, Oxford; that he
+first applied himself to poetry, but quitted that study to pursue the
+beauties of prose, and polish the English language; that he was early made
+known to George, Duke of Buckingham, and by him recommended to Charles I.,
+who made him a Prebendary of Westminster, and of Windsor; from which
+preferments he soon rose to be Dean of Westminster, and Bishop of
+Rochester; but at length, from his firm integrity to the Church and
+Monarchy, was brought in danger of his life. He died in 1713, aged
+seventy-seven." The second inscription shows--"That the remains of THOMAS
+SPRAT, A.M. (son of the Bishop), Archdeacon of Rochester, and Prebendary
+of the Churches of Rochester, Winchester, and Westminster, lie near those
+of his father. He died May 10, 1720, aged forty-one." The third
+inscription imports--"That John Friend, M.D., to show his respect for
+those two worthy personages, had caused this monument to be erected
+jointly to their memories."--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+Dr. JOSEPH WILLCOCKS.--Two angels holding a scroll, mitre, collegiate cap,
+&c., bas-relief, exterior view of Westminster Abbey. On each side are two
+beautiful figures of Faith and Hope. This Rev. Prelate was Chaplain to the
+British Factory at Lisbon, afterwards Preceptor to the Princess, and
+Prebendary of this Church; in 1721, consecrated Lord Bishop of Gloucester;
+in 1721, translated to Rochester, also made Dean of this Church, and of
+the most Honourable Order of the Bath. He died March 9, 1756, aged
+eighty-three, and is buried in a vault in the Ecclesiastical Court, with
+his wife Jane, daughter of John Milner, Esq., Consul at Lisbon. She died
+March 27, 1725, aged twenty-eight; with Ann, their daughter, who died in
+her infancy.--_Cheere, sculptor._
+
+Above is a curious monument, sacred to the memory of RICHARD TYRRELL,
+Esq., who was descended from an ancient family of Ireland, and died
+Rear-Admiral of the White, 26th June, 1766. Devoted from his youth to the
+naval service of his country, and being formed under the discipline, and
+animated by the example of his renowned uncle, Sir Peter Warren, he
+distinguished himself as an able and experienced officer in many gallant
+actions, particularly on the 20th of November, 1758, when commanding the
+Buckingham, of sixty-six guns, and one hundred and seventy-five men, he
+attacked and defeated three French ships of war; one of them was the
+Florin, of seventy-four guns, and seven hundred men; but the Buckingham
+being too much disabled to take possession of her, after she had struck,
+the enemy, under cover of the night, escaped; during the action he
+received several wounds, and lost three fingers of his right hand. Dying
+on his return to England from the Leeward Islands, where he had for three
+years commanded a squadron of his Majesty's ships, his body was, by his
+own desire, committed to the sea, with the proper honours and ceremonies.
+On a piece of rock--"_The sea shall give up her dead, and every one shall
+be rewarded according to his works._" The figures History, Navigation, and
+Hibernia, are well cut; they are represented among the rocks, with the sea
+above their heads, the Admiral himself ascending amidst heavy
+clouds.--_Nathaniel Read, sculptor._
+
+On a pedestal stands the bust of Dr. ZACHARY PEARCE. The features bear a
+striking resemblance to those of the original. On each side are the
+ensigns of his prelatical dignities; and underneath is a Latin
+inscription, of which the following is a translation:--"Sacred to the
+memory of the most Reverend Zachary Pearce, S.T.P., Bishop of Rochester,
+Dean of this Church, and of the most Honourable Order of the Bath. The
+seeds of learning, which were early sown at Westminster School, he
+cultivated to maturity at Cambridge: how rich the produce, both as a
+critic and divine, his works, already printed and published, will
+abundantly show. At length, growing fond of retirement, and earnestly
+desirous of leisure for elucidating the Scriptures, he resigned the
+Deanery of Westminster, as he wished to have done that of his Bishoprick,
+could it have been permitted. Having lived to finish what was the wish of
+his heart,--his Commentary on the Holy Evangelists and the Acts of the
+Apostles,--he rested from his labours, June 29, 1774, aged
+eighty-four."--_Tyler, sculptor._
+
+"In memory of the Very Rev. WILLIAM BUCKLAND, D.D., F.R.S., Dean of
+Westminster, and of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath, formerly Canon
+of Christ Church, Oxford, Trustee of the British Museum, First Professor
+of Geology and Mineralogy in the University of Oxford; founder of the
+Museum of Geology, which he bequeathed to that University. Endued with
+superior intellect, he applied the powers of his mind to the honour and
+glory of God, the advancement of science, and the welfare of mankind. Born
+March 12, 1784; died August 14, 1856, aged seventy-two. 'For the Lord
+giveth wisdom, out of his mouth cometh knowledge and
+understanding.'--_Prov._ xi. ver. 6. Erected by his children."--_H.
+Weekes, A.R.A., sculptor_, 1859.
+
+The next is a bust, highly finished, and emblems of sacred offices. The
+Latin inscription is to the following purport:--"Sacred to the memory of
+the Reverend JOHN THOMAS, LL.D., Bishop of Rochester, Dean of this
+Collegiate Church, and of the most Honourable Order of the Bath. Having
+passed through the school at Carlisle with reputation, he proceeded to
+Oxford, to gather a more abundant harvest of knowledge, where he became
+both the ornament and patron of genius, good morals, and of polite, as
+well as of profound learning. With increasing fame everywhere spreading
+itself, he did honour to dignities by his merit, improved riches by
+bestowing them, presided over the Church with wisdom, defended it by his
+authority, regulated it by his example; ever active in duties, and
+unwearied in attentions, added to the strictest economy; till, after a
+well-spent life, himself exhausted, but not his patience, by a long and
+painful illness, he resigned his soul to God, August 20, 1793, aged
+eighty-one years. His nephew, G.A.T., A.M., to whose lot it fell to
+perform it, offers this unavailing tribute, as a testimony, though small,
+of Duty and Affection."--_Bust by Nollekens._
+
+KATHARINE BOVEY.--The principal figures here are Faith, with her book
+closed, and Wisdom, lamenting the death of her patroness; between which is
+a lady's head in an amulet of black marble, curiously veined. Over it is
+an English inscription, giving a character of the deceased, who died
+January 21, 1727, in the fifty-seventh year of her age. Mrs. Mary Pope,
+who lived with her near forty years in perfect friendship, erected this
+monument to her memory.--_Gibbs, sculptor._
+
+Lord Viscount HOWE.--The emblematic representation on this monument is a
+figure of the Genius of the Province of Massachuset's Bay, in a mournful
+posture, lamenting the fall of this hero, and the family arms, ornamented
+with military trophies. Beneath is the following inscription, in large
+characters:--"The Province of Massachuset's Bay, in New England, by an
+order of the Great and General Court, bearing date February 1, 1759,
+caused this monument to be erected to the memory of George, Lord Viscount
+Howe, Brigadier-General of his Majesty's Forces in North America, who was
+slain, July 6, 1758, on the march of Ticonderoga, in the thirty-fourth
+year of his age; in testimony of the sense they had of his services and
+military virtues, and of the affection their officers and soldiers bore to
+his command." He lived respected and beloved: the public regretted his
+loss: to his family it is irreparable.
+
+Beneath is a bust to the memory of JOHN IRELAND, D.D.--The Latin
+inscription sets forth, that he was a native of Ashburton, Devon. Having
+pursued his studies at Oriel College, in the University of Oxford, he was,
+in 1802, enrolled amongst the Prebendaries of this Church; and afterwards,
+in 1816, raised to the Deanery of the same. Deeply sensible of the
+benefits that were divinely showered upon him in early life, he sought in
+after years to prove that he was not unmindful of them. Whilst still among
+the living, he annually gave liberal prizes for the encouragement of
+youthful studies, both at Oxford and in the Royal School at Westminster.
+He also, by his last will, bequeathed a munificent pecuniary legacy,
+partly to endow a Professorship of Theology at Oxford, partly towards the
+support of needy students of Oriel College, and partly that some
+assistance might be furnished for rightly educating his townsmen of
+Ashburton. He died September 2, 1842, aged eighty.--_Turnouth, sculptor._
+
+A neat tablet erected to the memory of Dr. ROBERT CANNON, Dean of Lincoln,
+and Prebendary of this Church, who died March 28, 1722, aged fifty-nine.
+
+Over the West Cloisters door is a most stately monument to the memory of
+General GEORGE WADE. In the centre is a beautiful marble pillar, enriched
+with military trophies highly finished. The principal figures represent
+Fame preventing Time from defacing his military honours. The whole is
+finely executed, and cannot be too much admired. The General's head is in
+a medallion; and the inscription runs thus:--"To the memory of George
+Wade, Field Marshal of his Majesty's Forces, Lieutenant-General of the
+Ordnance, Colonel of his Majesty's Third Regiment of Dragoon Guards,
+Governor of Fort William, Fort Augustus, and Fort George, and one of his
+Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council. He died March 14, 1748, aged
+seventy-five."--_Roubiliac, sculptor._
+
+A monument of General Sir JAMES OUTRAM, with the following
+inscription:--"To the memory of Lieutenant-General Sir James Outram,
+G.C.B., K.S.I., &c., a soldier of the East India Company, who, during a
+service of 40 years in war and in council, by deeds of bravery and
+devotion, by an unselfish life, by benevolence, never weary of well-doing,
+sustained the honour of the British nation, won the love of his comrades,
+and promoted the happiness of the people of India. This monument is
+erected by the Secretary of State for India in Council. Born January 29,
+1803; died March 11, 1863. Interred in this Abbey at the public cost,
+March 25, 1863." Under the bust is represented in high relief an exquisite
+sculpture of Lord Clyde and Outram shaking hands, with General Havelock
+between them and other figures in the background; and on each side two
+figures of the Scinde and Bihil tribes, lamenting the death of their
+"great friend."--_Noble, sculp._
+
+CHARLES HERRIES, Esq., Colonel of the Light Horse Volunteers of London and
+Westminster, died April 3, 1819, in the seventy-fourth year of his age. So
+much was he respected, that the regiment followed him to the grave with
+filial reverence; and as a lasting tribute of honour to his memory, raised
+this record at his virtues and their affection. The monument consists of a
+bust, a strong resemblance; on the base is represented a female, seated on
+bales, as the city of London, over whom a warrior is holding a shield; by
+him stands his horse, which he seems ready to mount for
+defence.--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+CAROLA HARSNET.--This tomb has two learned inscriptions upon it, one in
+Hebrew, the other in Greek; and was erected to the memory of the wife of
+Sir Samuel Morland, Baronet, who died in child-bed of her second son, Oct.
+10, 1674, in the twenty-third year of her age. The inscriptions are thus
+translated:--"Blessed be the Lord, my wife was precious! Blessed be thy
+remembrance, oh, virtuous woman!" Thus far the Hebrew. The Greek
+thus:--"When I think on thy mildness, patience, charity, modesty, and
+piety, I lament thee, oh, most excellent creature! and I grieve
+exceedingly; but not like such as have no faith, for I believe and expect
+the resurrection of those who sleep in Christ."--_Stanton, sculptor._
+
+A beautiful monument to JOHN SMITH, Esq. The design is a pyramid and
+altar, on which sits a lady veiled, mournful, and disconsolate, resting
+her right arm on a fine bust in relief. On the base is a Latin
+inscription, setting forth his descent from the Smith's in Lincolnshire:
+and issue, viz., two daughters, Ann, the eldest, first married to Henry
+Parker, Esq., son of Sir Harry Parker, of Warwickshire, and afterwards to
+Michael, Lord Dunkellin, eldest son of the Earl of Clanrickard; and Mary,
+the youngest, married to Edward Desboverie, of Langford, in Wilts, Bart.
+John Smith died July 6, 1718.--_Gibbs, sculptor._
+
+Above is a monument erected to the memory of JAMES FLEMING, Major-General
+of his Majesty's Forces, and Colonel of a Regiment of Foot, who, having
+served forty-four years a commissioned officer, died March 17, 1750, aged
+sixty-eight. At the top of a beautiful pyramid of marble, is a medallion
+of this General, at the base of which are the figures of Minerva and
+Hercules, employed in binding the emblems of Wisdom, Prudence, and Valour
+together, as characteristics of the hero. The decorations are military
+trophies.--_Roubiliac, sculptor._
+
+ANN FILDING.--This tomb, on which are two very learned inscriptions, one
+in Hebrew, the other in Ethiopic, is erected to the memory of the second
+wife of Sir Samuel Morland, Baronet. The Hebrew inscription is to this
+effect:--"Oh, thou fairest among women! oh! virtuous woman! the hand of
+the Lord hath done this! the Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away, and
+blessed be the name of the Lord." The Ethiopic inscription is thus
+translated:--"Come, lament o'er this monument with a beloved husband, for
+thee; but in certain hope that thou art united with Christ. This lady was
+truly religious, virtuous, faithful, mild as a dove, and chaste; while she
+continued in life, she was honoured, and is happy, through mercy, in
+death." This is one of Mr. Addison's _modest inscriptions_, that has not,
+perhaps, been three times read in more than threescore years. Under the
+Ethiopic is this inscription:--"Ann, daughter of George Filding, Esq., and
+Mary, his wife, the truly loving (and as truly beloved) wife of Samuel
+Morland, Knight and Baronet, died February 20, 1679/80, ætatis
+nineteen."--_Stanton, sculptor._
+
+DIANA TEMPLE.--This old-fashioned monument seems to have been designed not
+for one person, but for all Sir William Temple's family, as appears by the
+inscription, written by Sir William himself, in which is mentioned Diana
+Temple, who died at fourteen; Dorothy Osborn, probably Sir William's lady,
+aged sixty-six; William Temple, aged seventy; and Martha Giffard, called
+Lady Giffard, Sir William's sister, aged eighty-four.
+
+Sir CHARLES HARBORD, Knight, and CLEMENT COTTRELL, Esq.--On the base of
+this double monument is represented in relief, a dreadful sea-fight; and
+on the top, in a wreath of laurel, this inscription:--"To preserve and
+unite the harmony of two faithful friends who lost their lives at sea
+together, May 28, 1672." These two young gentlemen, of the most promising
+expectations, both perished in the Royal James, with the Earl of Sandwich,
+who commanded in her as Vice-Admiral against the Dutch, in that memorable
+fight off the coast of Sussex, in Charles the Second's time. The Royal
+James being set on fire, Sir Charles Harbord, First Lieutenant, though he
+might have saved himself by swimming, yet out of pure affection to his
+worthy Commander, chose to die with him. Young Cottrell was a volunteer;
+and having returned to his ship unwounded, from being the first man that
+had boarded a Dutchman of seventy guns, and pulled down the ensigns of her
+with his own hands, perished also with his friends. This gentleman
+understood seven languages, though but twenty-two years of age. This
+moving story is recited at large on the monument, but too long to copy.
+
+Above is the monument of WILLIAM HARGRAVE, Esq., Lieutenant-General of his
+Majesty's forces, Colonel of the Royal English Fusileers, and Governor of
+Gibraltar, who having been fifty-seven years a commissioned officer, died
+21st January, 1750, aged seventy-nine. The figure of Time is represented
+to have overcome Death; he is breaking the dart of Death across his knee;
+the pyramid is destroyed at the sound of the trumpet, the dead rising, and
+the crown of Death is fallen to the ground.--_Designed and executed by
+Roubiliac._
+
+A fine bust to SIDNEY, Earl GODOLPHIN, with a rich cravat. In 1661, he was
+Groom of the Bedchamber to Charles II.; 1679, Commissioner of the
+Treasury; in 1684, Secretary of State, and the same year created Baron of
+Rialton, in Cornwall, by James II. After the Revolution he was made First
+Commissioner of the Treasury, and soon after Lord High Treasurer, which
+office, as his inscription shows, together with that of Chief Minister, he
+held during the first nine glorious years of Queen Anne's reign. He died
+Sept. 15, 1712, aged sixty-seven.--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+Colonel ROGER TOWNSHEND.--Here is a sarcophagus, supported by two Indians,
+on the front of which is represented in bas-relief, the fall of this great
+commander, with his officers attending him in his dying moments. This
+monument is decorated with military trophies, and beneath is the following
+inscription.--"This monument was erected by a disconsolate parent, the
+Lady Vicountess Townshend, to the memory of her fifth son, the Honourable
+Lieutenant-Colonel Roger Townshend, who was killed by a cannon-ball, July
+25, 1759, in the twenty-eighth year of his age, as he was reconnoitring
+the French lines at Ticonderagoe, in North America. From the parent, the
+brother, and the friend, his social and amiable manners, his enterprising
+bravery, and the integrity of his heart, may claim the tribute of
+affection. Yet, stranger, weep not! for though premature his death, his
+life was glorious, enrolling him with the names of those immortal
+Statesmen and Commanders, whose wisdom and intrepidity, in the course of
+this comprehensive and successful war, have extended the commerce,
+enlarged the dominion, and upheld the majesty of these kingdoms, beyond
+the idea of any former age."--_Eckstein, sculptor._
+
+Above is a tablet to Mrs. BRIDGET RADLEY, wife of Charles Radley, Esq.,
+Gentleman Usher and Daily Waiter of James II., who erected this monument
+to her memory. She died November 20, 1769.
+
+A monument to Sir JOHN CHARDIN, Bart., and is very emblematical, alluding
+to the travels of this gentleman, by which, as his motto expresses, "_he
+acquired his fame_." The globe, round which a number of geographical
+instruments are represented, exhibits a view of the different countries
+through which he travelled; and the motto beneath refers to the dangers he
+providentially escaped, for which he ascribes to God the glory. A journal
+of his travels into the Eastern countries he has published--a book in high
+esteem.--_Henry Cheere, sculptor._
+
+Beneath is a monument with this inscription:--"Sacred to the immortal
+memory of Sir PALMES FAIRBORNE, Knight, Governor of Tangier, in the
+execution of which command he was mortally wounded by a shot from the
+Moors then besieging the town, in the forty-sixth year of his age, October
+24, 1680." The following is the epitaph, written by Mr. Dryden:--
+
+  "Ye sacred reliques which our marble keep
+  Here, undisturb'd by wars, in quiet sleep,
+  Discharge the trust which (when it was below)
+  Fairborne's undaunted soul did undergo,
+  And be the town's Palladium from the foe!
+  Alive and dead, these walls he did defend:
+  Great actions great examples must attend.
+  The Candian siege his early value knew,
+  Where Turkish blood did his young hands imbrue;
+  From thence returning, with deserv'd applause,
+  Against the Moors his well-flesh'd sword he draws,
+  The same the courage, and the same the cause.
+  His youth and age, his life and death combine,
+  As in some great and regular design,
+  All of a piece throughout, and all divine.
+  Still nearer heaven, his virtues shone more bright:
+  Like rising flames expanding in their height,
+  The martyr's glory crowns the soldier's flight.
+  More bravely British Gen'ral never fell,
+  Nor Gen'ral's death was e'er reveng'd so well,
+  Which his pleas'd eyes beheld before their close,
+  Follow'd by thousand victims of his foes.
+      To his lamented loss, for times to come,
+      His pious widow consecrates this tomb."
+
+On a lofty dome is the deceased's arms, with this motto, "_Tutis si
+Fortis_." Over it a Turk's head on a dagger, by way of crest, which he won
+by his valour in fighting against that people in the German
+war.--_Bushnall, sculptor._
+
+Major ANDRE.--On a moulded panelled base and plinth stands a sarcophagus,
+on the panel of which is inscribed:--"Sacred to the memory of Major John
+André, who, raised by his merit, at an early period of life, to the rank
+of Adjutant-General of the British Forces in America, and employed in an
+important, but hazardous enterprise, fell a sacrifice to his zeal for his
+King and country, on the 2nd October, 1780, aged twenty-nine, universally
+beloved and esteemed by the army in which he served, and lamented even by
+his foes. His gracious Sovereign, King George III., has caused this
+monument to be erected;" and on the plinth--"The remains of the said Major
+André were deposited on the 28th November, 1821, in a grave near this
+monument." This is the third head now placed on General Washington's
+figure; several others are new, the originals, being so well executed,
+were too great a temptation for the curious pilferer to withstand. The
+projecting figures: one of them (with a flag of truce) is presenting to
+General Washington a letter, which André had addressed to his Excellency
+the night previous to his execution, worded thus:--"Sir, buoyed above the
+terror of death, by the consciousness of a life devoted to honourable
+purposes, and stained with no action which can give me remorse, I trust
+that the request which I make to your Excellency at this serious period,
+and which is to soften my last moments, will not be rejected; sympathy
+towards a soldier will surely induce your Excellency, and a military
+tribunal, to adapt the mode of my death to the feelings of a man of
+honour; let me hope, Sir, that if aught in my character impresses you with
+esteem towards me,--if aught in my misfortunes mark me as the victim of
+policy and not of resentment,--I shall experience the operations of those
+feelings in your breast, by being informed I am not to die on a gibbet. I
+have the honour to be, your Excellency, John André, Adjutant of the
+British Forces in America."--_Van Gelder, sculptor._
+
+Against the organ gallery is the monument to THOMAS THYNNE, Esq.--The
+principal figure is represented in a dying posture, and at his feet a
+cherub weeping. It has this inscription:--"Thomas Thynne, of Longleate, in
+Co. Wilts, Esq., who was barbarously murdered on Sunday, the 12th
+February, 1682;" which murder was conspired by Count Koningsmarck, and
+executed by three assassins, hired for that purpose, who shot him in
+Pall-Mall, in his own coach. The motive was to obtain the rich heiress of
+Northumberland in marriage, who, in her infancy, had been betrothed to the
+Earl of Ogle, but left a widow, and afterwards married to Mr.
+Thynne.--_Quellin, sculptor._
+
+Opposite, is a tablet of fine marble to General STRODE, decorated with
+military trophies, and bearing this inscription:--"Near this place lie the
+remains of William Strode, Esq., Lieutenant-General of his Majesty's
+Forces, and Colonel of the sixty-second Regiment of Foot. He departed this
+life, January 14, 1776, in the seventy-eighth year of his age, who
+constantly attended his duty both at home and abroad, during a course of
+sixty years' service. He was a strenuous asserter of both civil and
+religious liberty, as established at the glorious Revolution of William
+III. Military reader! go thou and do likewise."--_Hayward, sculptor._
+
+Above is a tablet to Captain WILLIAM JULIUS, who commanded the Colchester
+man-of-war, and died Oct. 3, 1698, aged thirty-three.
+
+GEORGE CHURCHILL, second son of Sir Winston Churchill, of Dorsetshire,
+Knight, and brother of John, Duke of Marlborough. He was early trained to
+military affairs, and served with great honour by sea and land under
+Charles II., James II., William and Anne. He was Captain in the English
+fleet, at burning the French at La Hogue in William the Third's reign; and
+for his bravery there made one of the Lords Commissioners of the
+Admiralty. In the succeeding reign he was made Admiral-in-Chief. He died
+May 8, 1710, aged fifty-eight.
+
+An oval tablet to the memory of Major RICHARD CREED, enriched with
+military trophies; and on it there is this inscription:--"To the memory of
+the honoured Major Richard Creed, who attended William III. in all his
+wars, everywhere signalizing himself, and never more himself than when he
+looked an enemy in the face. At the glorious battle of Blenheim, 1704, he
+commanded one of those squadrons that began the attack; in two several
+charges he remained unhurt, but in the third, after many wounds received,
+still valiantly fighting, he was shot through the head. His dead body was
+brought off by his brother at the hazard of his own life, and buried
+there. To his memory, his sorrowful mother erects this monument, placing
+it near another, which her son, when living, used to look upon with
+pleasure, for the worthy mention it makes of that great man, Edward, Earl
+of Sandwich, to whom he had the honour to be related, and whose heroic
+virtue he was ambitious to imitate. He was the eldest son of John Creed,
+of Oundell, Esq., and Elizabeth, his wife, only daughter of Sir Gilbert
+Pickering, Bart., of Titmarsh, in Northamptonshire."
+
+Also a tablet in memory of Lieutenant RICHARD CREED, of the Bombay
+Artillery, who was killed in Upper Scinde, on the 20th of February, 1841,
+whilst fighting at the head of a party of volunteers from his troop, whom
+he had gallantly led to the assault of the fort Hujjack; thus prematurely
+closing, in the twelfth year of his services in India, and the
+twenty-eighth of his age, a career of high credit and brightest promise,
+throughout which, his ability, prudence, and devotion to duty, secured not
+less the esteem of his superiors, than his uniform kindness and
+conciliatory demeanour won the confidence and marked attachment of his
+humbler companions in arms. This tablet was erected by the officers of his
+regiment, to whom his generous nature, amiable deportment, and Christian
+virtues have, in no common degree, endeared his memory.--_Thomas,
+sculptor._
+
+Above, on a plain marble stone, is an English inscription, reciting the
+military glories of Sir RICHARD BINGHAM, who was of the ancient family of
+the Binghams, of Bingham Melcomb, in Dorsetshire; and served in the reign
+of Queen Mary, at St. Quintin's; in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, at
+Leith, in Scotland; in the Isle of Candy, under the Venetians; at Cabo
+Chrio, and in the famous battle of Lepanto, against the Turks; in the
+civil wars of France in the Netherlands, at Smerwick. After this he was
+made Governor of Connaught, in Ireland, where he overthrew the Irish
+Scots, expelled the traitor O'Rourke, suppressed the rebellion, and was
+finally made Marshal of Ireland, and Governor of Leinster. He died at
+Dublin, January 19, 1598, aged seventy; from whence he was brought, and
+here interred, by John Bingley, some time his servant.
+
+Above is a monument erected to the memory of MARTIN FOLKES, of Hillington,
+in the county of Norfolk, Esq., who, under the auspices of Newton, happily
+employed his talents, industry, and time, in the study of sublime
+philosophy. He was chosen President of the Royal Society in 1741, and
+calmly submitted to the common lot of man on the 28th June, 1754, at the
+age of sixty-three. He is represented sitting, with his hands resting on a
+book, shut, as if contemplating; above is an urn, covered with drapery,
+that a boy holds up; there are two more boys, one of whom seems much
+surprised, from looking through a microscope, while the other, with a pair
+of compasses, is measuring the globe.--_Ashton, sculptor._
+
+Opposite, on your left, is a monument--"Sacred to the memory of General
+Sir THOMAS TRIGGE, Knight of the most Honourable Order of the Bath,
+Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance, and Colonel of the forty-fourth
+Regiment of Foot; who spent a long life in active service, and enjoyed the
+uniform approbation of his sovereign and of his country to his latest
+hour. He begun his career as Ensign in the twelfth Regiment; served during
+the seven years' war in Germany; was present at the battles of Minden,
+Fellinghausen, Williamsdahl, and others: he commanded the same regiment
+during the whole of the memorable defence of Gibraltar, and was
+afterwards many years Lieutenant-Governor of that fortress. While
+Commander-in-chief in the West Indies, he captured Surinam, and various
+islands; and for his services was made K.B. He lived respected and
+beloved, and departed this life in his seventy-second year, on the 11th
+January, 1814."--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+THOMAS OWEN, Esq.--On this monument is a fine figure of a Judge in his
+robes, leaning on his right arm, and over him an inscription, showing that
+he was the son of Richard Owen, by Mary, daughter and heiress of Thomas
+Otley, of Shropshire, Esq.; that from his youth he had applied himself to
+the study of the laws, and was first made Serjeant temp. to Queen
+Elizabeth, and afterwards a Justice of the Common Pleas. He died Dec. 21,
+1598.
+
+PASQUALE DE PAOLI.--A bust strongly resembling the deceased, with the
+following inscription under it:--"To the memory of Pasquale de Paoli, one
+of the most eminent and most illustrious characters of the age in which he
+lived. He was born at Rostino, in Corsica, April 5, 1725; was unanimously
+chosen, at the age of thirty, Supreme Head of that island, and died in
+this metropolis, February 5, 1807, aged eighty-two years. The early and
+better part of his life he devoted to the cause of liberty, nobly
+maintaining it against the usurpation of Genoese and French tyranny. By
+his many splendid achievements, his useful and benevolent institutions,
+his patriotic and public zeal, manifested upon every occasion, he amongst
+the few who have merited so glorious a title, most justly deserves to be
+hailed the father of his country. Being obliged by the superior force of
+his enemies, to retire from Corsica, he sought refuge in this land of
+liberty, and was here most graciously received, amidst the general
+applause of a magnanimous nation, into the protection of his Majesty, King
+George III., by whose fostering hand and munificence he not only obtained
+a safe and honourable asylum, but was enabled, during the remainder of his
+days to enjoy the society of his friends and faithful followers in
+affluent and dignified retirement. He expressed to the last moment of his
+life the most grateful sense of his Majesty's paternal goodness towards
+him, praying for the preservation of his sacred person, and the prosperity
+of his dominions."--_Flaxman, sculptor._
+
+Against the pillar is an oval tablet to JAMES KENDALL, Esq., supported by
+a Death's head. He was chosen a member of the last Parliament of James
+II., and served in several Parliaments afterwards in the reign of William
+III., by whom he was made Governor of Barbadoes, and one of the
+Commissioners of the Admiralty. He died July 10, 1708, aged sixty. Then
+turning yourself, you see opposite--
+
+A little monument of white marble, erected to the memory of Dr. ISAAC
+WATTS. It is divided by a fascia, over which a bust of that eminent divine
+is exhibited, supported by Genii, who seem pleased with the office to
+which they are allotted. Underneath, in a circle, is a fine figure of the
+Doctor sitting on a stool, in the attitude of deep contemplation, which
+is finely expressed by an Angel opening to him the wonders of creation,
+while in one hand he holds a pen, and with the other points to a celestial
+globe. His name, the dates of his birth and death, are inscribed on the
+plinth:--"Isaac Watts, D.D., born July 17, 1674. Died November 25,
+1748."--_Banks, sculptor._
+
+GEORGE STEPNEY, Esq., descended from the Stepneys of Pendergraft, in
+Pembrokeshire, but born at Westminster, 1663, elected into the College of
+St. Peter's, at Westminster, 1676, and entered of Trinity College,
+Cambridge, 1682. In 1692 he was sent Envoy to the Elector of Brandenburgh;
+in 1696 and 1697, to the Electors of Mentz, Triers, Cologne, Palatine,
+Landgrave of Hesse, and to the Congress of Frankfort, on his return from
+which he was made Commissioner of Trade; in 1698, was sent a second time
+Envoy to the Elector of Brandenburgh; in 1699, in the same quality to
+Poland; in 1701, a second time to the Emperor; and lastly, in 1706, to the
+States General. All these several embassies he conducted with such
+integrity, application, and ease, that he generally exceeded the
+expectations of his sovereigns, William and Anne, by whom he was employed.
+He died at Chelsea, 1707.
+
+Above is a monument erected to the memory of JOHN METHUEN, Esq., who died
+in the service of his country, in Portugal, July 13, 1706, and was here
+interred, September 17, 1708.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+Also to that of his son, the Right Hon. Sir PAUL METHUEN, of Bishop's
+Canning, Wilts, one of his Majesty's most Honourable Privy Council, and
+Knight of the most Honourable Order of the Bath, who died April 11, 1757,
+aged eighty-five.
+
+Beneath is a bust--"To the memory of CHARLES BURNEY, LL.D., L.D., F.S.A.,
+et R.S., in the Royal Academy, London, Professor of Greek and Latin,
+Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty George III., Prebendary of the Church
+of Lincoln, Rector of Cliff, and of St. Paul, Deptford, in the county of
+Kent, eighteen years master of Greenwich School. He died on the 28th Jan.
+1818, in his sixty-first year, and was buried at Deptford." The Latin
+inscription sets forth, that "he was a man of various and deep learning,
+of a judgment of critical nicety and elegance of style, polished by
+unremitting exercise, and in solving difficulties in metrical composition,
+of exquisite skill. His pupils, from a collection raised amongst
+themselves, caused this monument to be erected."--_Gahagan, sculptor._
+
+JOHN WESLEY, M.A. Born June 17, 1703; died March 2, 1791.
+
+CHARLES WESLEY, M.A. Born December 13, 1708; died March 29, 1788.
+
+  "The best of all is, God is with us."
+  "I look upon all the world as my parish."
+  "God buries His workmen, but carries on His work."
+
+THOMAS KNIPE, S.T.P.--This monument was erected by Alice, second wife of
+this learned man, who, for fifty years, was employed in Westminster
+School, sixteen whereof as Head Master. He was also a Prebendary of this
+Cathedral. The long Latin inscription contains nothing more than a
+laboured recital of a good man's virtues, and that he died August 8,
+1711, aged seventy-three. At his feet is the grave of his affectionate
+scholar, WILLIAM KING, LL.D., without any inscription. Here hath been
+lately added an inscription in memory of two brothers, who both died in
+the service of their country: Captain JOHN KNIPE, 90th regiment, at
+Gibraltar, October 25, 1798, in the twenty-second year of his age; Captain
+ROBERT KNIPE, 14th Light Dragoons, at Villa Formosa, May 17, 1811, aged
+thirty-two.
+
+Opposite, on your left, is the monument to Dame GRACE GETHIN.--This lady,
+married to Sir Richard Gethin Grot, in Ireland, was famed for exemplary
+piety, and wrote a book of devotion, which Mr. Congreve complimented with
+a poem. She died October 11, 1697, aged twenty-one.
+
+ELIZABETH and JUDITH FREKE.--A long inscription, setting forth the descent
+and marriage of these two ladies, whose busts in relief ornament the
+sides. They were, as the inscription says, the daughters of Ralph Freke,
+of Hannington, in Wilts, Esq. Elizabeth was married to Percy Freke, of
+West Belney, in Norfolk, and died April 7, 1714, aged sixty-nine. Judith
+married Robert Austin, of Tenterden, in Kent, and died May 19, 1716, aged
+sixty-four. They were both great examples to their sex; the best of
+daughters, the best of wives, and the best of mothers.
+
+Opposite is a monument to WILLIAM WRAGG, Esq.: in the centre of which is
+represented the fatal accident that happened to the ship in which he was
+embarked, when he, with many more, was drowned, September 3, 1777. His
+son, who accompanied him, was miraculously saved on a package, supported
+by a black slave, till he was cast on shore, on the coast of Holland.
+
+"Sir CLOUDESLY SHOVELL, Knight, Rear-Admiral of Great Britain, and Admiral
+and Commander-in-Chief of the Fleet, the just rewards of his long and
+faithful services. He was deservedly beloved of his country, and esteemed,
+though dreaded, by the enemy, who had often experienced his conduct and
+courage. Being shipwrecked on the rocks of Scilly, in his voyage from
+Toulon, October 22, 1707, at night, in the fifty-seventh year of his age,
+his fate was lamented by all, but especially by the seafaring part of the
+nation, to whom he was a generous patron, and a worthy example. His body
+was flung on the shore, and buried with others, on the sand; but being
+soon after taken up, was placed under this monument, which his Royal
+Mistress had caused to be erected, to commemorate his steady loyalty and
+extraordinary virtues." A recumbent figure of the Admiral lies under a
+tent; beneath, in bas-relief, is the wreck of the Association.--_Bird,
+sculptor._
+
+Above is a monument to Sir GODFREY KNELLER, Bart., under a canopy of
+state, the curtains whereof are finely gilt, and tied up with gold
+strings; and on each side of the bust is a weeping cherub, one resting on
+a medallion of his lady, the other pointing to Sir Godfrey. On the
+pedestal is a Latin inscription, signifying that Sir Godfrey Kneller,
+Knt., who lies interred here, was painter to Charles II., James II.,
+William III., Anne, and George II. Born in 1646, died in 1723, aged
+seventy-seven. He was knighted March 3, 1691, and created a baronet May
+24, 1715. Among his most excellent works are the "Beauties of the Court of
+Charles I." This monument was designed by Sir Godfrey himself. Bust by
+Rysbrack. Underneath is his epitaph, written by Mr. Pope:--
+
+  "Kneller, by Heaven, and not a master, taught,
+  Whose art was nature, and whose pictures thought--
+  When now two ages he had snatched from fate
+  Whate'er was beauteous, or whate'er was great--
+  Rests, crowned with princes' honours, poets' lays,
+  Due to his merit and brave thirst of praise:
+  Living, great Nature fear'd he might outvie
+  Her works; and dying, fears herself may die."
+
+Sir JOHN BURLAND, Knt., LL.D.--One of the Barons of his Majesty's Court of
+Exchequer; as a man, valued and beloved; as a judge, honoured and revered.
+He died suddenly, on the 29th of February, 1776, aged fifty-one years. On
+a pyramid of black marble is represented his profile in a medallion of
+statuary marble, decorated with emblems alluding to the qualities for
+which he was eminent, particularly the caduceus, denoting his eloquence,
+and the scales, expressive of justice.
+
+On the left is a neat tablet, which contains the following
+inscription:--"To the memory of WILLIAM DALRYMPLE, Midshipman, eldest son
+of Sir John Dalrymple, Bart., one of the Barons of Exchequer in Scotland,
+and of Elizabeth Hamilton Macgill, representatives of the Viscounts of
+Oxford; who, though heir of ample estates, preferred to a life of
+indolence and pleasure the toilsome and perilous profession of a seaman
+when his country was in danger. At the age of eighteen, he was killed, off
+the coast of Virginia, in a desperate engagement, in which Captain Salter,
+in the Santa Margaretta, took the Amazone, a French ship of superior
+force, almost in sight of the enemy's fleet; receiving in the public
+despatches of his skilful and generous Commander, the honourable testimony
+that he was a worthy and deserving youth, who, had he lived, would have
+been an ornament to his profession; and leaving to his once happy parents,
+in whose fond eyes he appeared to promise whatever could be expected from
+genius, spirit, and the best gift of God, a kind and melting heart, the
+endearing remembrance of his virtues. Father of all! grant to the prayers
+of a father and mother, that their surviving children may inherit the
+qualities of such a brother, and that there may never be wanting to the
+British youth, the spirit to pursue that line of public honour which he
+marked out for himself and for them. Obit 29th July, 1782."
+
+An oval tablet, thus inscribed:--"Near these steps lies the body of Mrs.
+ANN WEMYSS, daughter of Dr. Lodowick Wemyss, some time Prebendary of this
+Cathedral, and of Mrs. Jane Bargrave, his wife, who departed this life,
+December 19, 1698, in her sixty-seventh year."
+
+SOPHIA FAIRHOLM.--This lady, her monumental inscription informs us, was
+born in Scotland, and was mother to the Marquis of Annandale, who, as a
+mark of his duty and gratitude, caused this monument to be erected to her
+memory. It is the representation of an ancient sepulchre, over which a
+stately edifice is raised, ornamented at top with the family arms. She
+died December 13, 1716, aged forty-nine.
+
+Above are inscriptions to the memory of Rear-Admiral JOHN HARRISON, who
+was Captain of the Namur, under Sir George Pocock, in several successful
+engagements with the French Fleet, commanded by Monsieur D'Aché, in one of
+which he was wounded. He conducted, under the same British Admiral, the
+armament against the Havannah, and brought the fleet and treasure safe to
+England. In consequence of excessive fatigue, soon after his return, he
+lost the use of one side by a paralytic stroke, and remained helpless
+twenty-eight years. He was firm in action, prudent in conduct, polished in
+society, generous and humane in a profession, and upon an element, where
+human virtue is of the most rigid kind, and human nature is most severely
+tried; his modesty was equal to his virtues. He died October 15, 1791,
+aged sixty-nine years. Above and below are expressed, in Latin, the
+following words:--"_God is my port and refuge: God hath shown His wonders
+in the deep_."
+
+Opposite, on your left, is the monument to Sir THOMAS RICHARDSON.--There
+is an effigy, in brass, of a Judge in his robes, with a collar of SS.,
+representing Sir Thomas Richardson, Knight, "Speaker of the House of
+Commons in the twenty-first and twenty-second year of James I., Chief
+Justice of the Common Pleas; and, lastly, by Charles I., made L.C.J. of
+England. He died in 1634, in his sixty-sixth year." _So far the
+inscription._ This is that Judge Richardson who first issued out an order
+against the ancient custom of wakes, and caused every minister to read it
+in his church, which the Bishop of Bath and Wells opposing, complaint was
+made against the order in the Council-chamber, where Richardson was so
+severely reprimanded, that he came out in a rage, saying--he had been
+almost choked with a pair of lawn sleeves.--_Huber le Seur, sculptor._
+
+An ancient monument of marble and alabaster, gilt, on which lies a warrior
+at full length, representing WILLIAM THYNNE, of Botterville, Esq., a
+polite gentleman, a great traveller, and a brave soldier. In 1546 he was,
+by Henry VIII., made receiver of the marches, and fought against the Scots
+at Musselburgh. But his latter days were spent in retirement and devotion
+in this Church, to which he constantly repaired, morning and evening. His
+brother was Sir John Thynne, Secretary to the Duke of Somerset, from whom
+descended that unhappy gentleman whose story we have already related. He
+died March 14, 1584.
+
+Rev. Dr. ANDREW BELL, LL.D., Prebendary of this Church, the eminent
+founder of the Madras, now the National System of Education, throughout
+the British dominions. He is represented examining the boys under his
+system. Died 27th January, 1832.--_Behnes, sculptor._
+
+Here you pass through the gate; the monument of Garrick is on your right.
+
+
+
+
+South Transept; or, Poets' Corner.
+
+
+A bust of GEORGE GROTE, Historian of Greece. Born 17th November, 1794;
+died 18th June, 1871.
+
+"To the memory of DAVID GARRICK, who died in the year 1779, at the age of
+sixty-three.
+
+  "To paint fair Nature, by Divine command--
+  Her magic pencil in his glowing hand--
+  A Shakspeare rose; then, to expand his fame,
+  Wide o'er this 'breathing world,' a Garrick came.
+  Though sunk in death the forms the Poet drew,
+  The Actor's genius bade them breathe anew;
+  Though, like the bard himself, in night they lay,
+  Immortal Garrick call'd them back to day;
+  And till eternity, with power sublime,
+  Shall mark the mortal hour of hoary Time,
+  Shakspeare and Garrick like twin stars shall shine,
+  And earth irradiate with a beam divine."--PRATT.
+
+"This monument, the tribute of a friend, was erected in 1797."--_Webber,
+fecit._ Garrick's throwing aside the curtain, which discovers the
+medallion, is meant to represent his superior power to unveil the beauties
+of Shakspeare. Tragedy and Comedy are assembled with their respective
+attributes, to witness and approve the scene.
+
+JOHN ERNEST GRABE: a curious figure, large as life, representing him
+sitting upon a marble tomb, contemplating the sorrows of death, and the
+sorrows of the grave. He was a man deeply skilled in Oriental learning. He
+died Nov. 3, 1711, aged forty-six, and was buried at Pancras, near
+London.--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+Sir ROBERT TAYLOR, Knight, who was a famous architect. He died on the 26th
+of September, 1788, aged seventy years.
+
+WILLIAM CAMDEN, the great recorder of our antiquities, who is represented
+in a half length, in the dress of his time, with his left hand holding a
+book, and in his right his gloves, resting on an altar, on the body of
+which is a Latin inscription, setting forth his "indefatigable industry in
+illustrating the British Antiquities, and his candour, sincerity, and
+pleasant good-humour in private life." He was son to Samson Camden,
+citizen of London, and paper-stainer; was born in the Old Bailey, May 2,
+1551, and received the first rudiments of his education at Christ Church
+Hospital. In 1566, he entered himself of Magdalen College, Oxford, but
+afterwards removed to Pembroke, where he became acquainted with Dr.
+Goodman, Dean of Westminster, by whose recommendation, in 1575, he was
+made second master of Westminster School, and began the glorious work of
+his Antiquities, encouraged thereto and assisted by his patron, Dr.
+Goodman. In August, 1622, he fell from his chair, at his house, in
+Chiselhurst, in Kent, and never recovered, but lingered till Nov. 9, 1623,
+and then died, aged seventy-four. _This monument was repaired and
+beautified at the charge and expense of the University of Oxford._
+
+In front of Camden's monument lie the remains of JOHN IRELAND, Dean of
+Westminster, and in the same grave those of his friend, WILLIAM GIFFORD, a
+distinguished critic, satirist, and dramatic annotator. In private life
+Mr. Gifford was modest and unassuming, and amongst the numerous parties,
+poetical, political, or religious, none of them ever ventured to
+recriminate by attacking the moral character of the Editor of the
+Quarterly Review. He was born at Ashburton, in 1757, and died 1826.
+
+ISAAC CASAUBON.--This monument was erected by the learned Dr. Moreton,
+Bishop of Durham, to the memory of that profound scholar and critic, whose
+name is inscribed upon it, and who, though a native of France, and in his
+younger years Royal Library Keeper of Paris, yet was so dissatisfied with
+the ceremonial part of the Romish worship, that upon the murder of his
+great patron, Henry IV., he willingly quitted his native country, and at
+the earnest entreaty of James I., settled in England, where, for uncommon
+knowledge, he became the admiration of all men of learning. He died, 1614,
+in the fifty-sixth year of his age.
+
+The monument to Casaubon is not without interest to the mind of the
+curious, as upon close inspection may be seen the initials and date of
+"good old Izaak Walton" (I. W., 1658), Author of "The Complete Angler."
+This renowed piscator has somewhere said that he went into Westminster
+Abbey to visit the tomb of his departed friend, Casaubon, and while there,
+in contemplation before his monument, he ventured to scratch his own
+initials and date upon it.
+
+Sir RICHARD COXE, who was taster to Queen Elizabeth and James I., and to
+the latter, Steward of the Household; a man commended in his epitaph for
+his religion, humanity, chastity, temperance, friendship, beneficence,
+charity, vigilance, and self-denial. He was third son of Thomas Coxe, of
+Beymonds, in Hertfordshire, and died a bachelor, in the sixty-ninth year
+of his age, December 13, 1623.
+
+A small tablet to the memory of JAMES WYAT, Esq., who was architect of
+this church, and Surveyor-General of His Majesty's Board of Works.
+Departed this life on the 4th day of Sept., 1813.
+
+Above is a monument to Sir JOHN PRINGLE, Bart. The inscription sets forth
+that he was Physician to the Army, the Princess of Wales, and their
+Majesties; President of the Royal Society. He was born in Scotland, in
+April, 1707; and died in London, in January, 1782.
+
+EDWARD WETENHALL, M.D., an eminent Physician, who died August 29, 1733.
+His father was Dr. Edward Wetenhall, who was first advanced to the See of
+Cork, in Ireland, but was afterwards translated from thence to Kilmore and
+Ross. He died November 12, 1713, aged seventy-eight.
+
+Dr. STEPHEN HALES.--Here are two beautiful figures in relief, Religion and
+Botany; the latter holds a medallion of this great explorer of nature to
+public view; Religion is deploring the loss of the divine; and at the feet
+of Botany, the winds are displayed on a globe, which allude to his
+invention of the ventilator. The Latin inscription is to the following
+effect:--"To the memory of Stephen Hales, Doctor of Divinity, Augusta, the
+mother of that best of Kings, George the Third, has placed this monument,
+who chose him, when living, to officiate as her chaplain; and after he
+died, which was on the 4th of January, 1761, in the eighty-fourth year of
+his age, honoured him with this marble.
+
+  "About the tomb of Hales, whose fair design
+  And polish great Augusta caus'd to shine,
+  Religion, hoary Faith, and Virtue wait,
+  And shed perpetual tears in mournful state.
+  But of the preacher, render'd to his clay,
+  The voice of Wisdom still hath this to say--
+  He was a man to hear affliction's cry,
+  And trace his Maker's works with curious eye.
+  O Hales! thy praises not the latest age
+  Shall e'er diminish, or shall blot thy page;
+  England, so proud of Newton, shall agree
+  She had a son of equal rank in thee."--_Wilton, sculptor._
+
+THOMAS TRIPLETT, D.D., who was born near Oxford, and educated at Christ
+Church, where he was esteemed a wit, a good Grecian, and a poet. In 1645,
+he was made Prebendary of Preston, in the Church of Sarum, and had also a
+living, which being sequestered in the Rebellion, he fled to Ireland, and
+taught school in Dublin, where he was when Charles I. was beheaded. Not
+liking Ireland, he returned to England, and taught school at Hayes, in
+Middlesex, till the Restoration, when he was made Prebendary of
+Westminster, and of Fenton in the Church of York. He died at a good old
+age, July 18, 1670, much beloved and lamented.
+
+A bust of Dr. ISAAC BARROW, representing this truly great man, who, as the
+inscription shows, was Chaplain to Charles II., Head of Trinity College,
+Cambridge; Geometrical Professor of Gresham College, in London, and of
+Greek and Mathematics at Cambridge. His works have been said to be the
+foundation of all the divinity that has been written since his time. He
+died May 4, 1677, aged 47.
+
+Above this monument the arch is plastered and painted with the figure of a
+stag, which was done by order of Richard II.; the following motto was on
+the collar:--
+
+  "When Julius Cæsar first came in,
+  About my neck he put this ring;
+  Whosoever doth me take,
+  Use me well for Cæsar's sake."
+
+It is said he lived three or four hundred years.
+
+WILLIAM OUTRAM, D.D.--The Latin inscription sets forth that he was born in
+Derbyshire, fellow of Trinity and Christ Church Colleges in Cambridge,
+Canon of this Abbey, and Archdeacon of Leicester; an accomplished divine,
+a nervous and accurate writer, an excellent and diligent preacher, first
+in Lincolnshire, afterwards in London, and lastly at St. Margaret's,
+Westminster, where he finished his life with great applause, August 23,
+1679, aged fifty-four. The inscription on the pedestal shows farther, that
+after a long and religious life, and forty-two years of widowhood, Jane,
+his wife, died Oct. 4, 1721.
+
+A fine figure of JOSEPH ADDISON, Esq., on a circular basement, about which
+are small figures of the nine muses. The Latin inscription is to the
+following purport:--"Whoever thou art, venerate the memory of Joseph
+Addison, in whom Christian faith, virtue, and good morals, found a
+continual patron; whose genius was shown in verse, and every exquisite
+kind of writing; who gave to posterity the best examples of pure language,
+and the best rules for living well, which remain, and ever will remain
+sacred; whose weight of argument was tempered with wit, and accurate
+judgment with politeness, so that he encouraged the good, and reformed the
+improvident, tamed the wicked, and in some degree made them in love with
+virtue. He was born in the year 1672, and his fortune being increased
+gradually, arrived at length to public honours. Died in the forty-eighth
+year of his age, the honour and delight of the British nation."--He was
+buried in front of Lord Halifax's monument, north aisle of Henry the
+Seventh's Chapel.--_Sir Richard Westmacott, sculptor._
+
+LORD MACAULAY.--The body of this eminent historian is deposited close to
+the statue of Addison. Born October 25th, 1800; died December 28th, 1859.
+
+Near the statute of Addison are two fine busts, one on each side, of LORD
+MACAULAY, by Burnard; and THACKERAY, by Marrochetti.
+
+GEORGE FREDERICK HANDEL.--This is the last monument which that eminent
+statuary, Roubiliac, lived to finish. It is affirmed that he first became
+conspicious, and afterwards finished the exercise of his art, with a
+figure of this extraordinary man. The first was erected in the gardens at
+Vauxhall, therefore well known to the public. The last figure is very
+elegant, and the face is a strong likeness of its original. The left arm
+is resting on a group of musical instruments, and the attitude is very
+expressive of great attention to the harmony of an angel playing on a harp
+in the clouds, over his head. Before it lies the celebrated Messiah, with
+that part open, where is the much-admired air,--"_I know that my Redeemer
+liveth_." Beneath, only this inscription:--"George Frederick Handel, Esq.,
+born Feb. 23, 1684. Died April 14, 1759."
+
+Sacred to the memory of Major-General Sir ARCHIBALD CAMPBELL, Knight of
+the Bath, M.P., Colonel of the seventy-fourth Regiment of Foot, Hereditary
+Usher of the White Rod for Scotland, late Governor of Jamaica, Governor of
+Fort St. George, and Commander-in-Chief of the Forces on the coast of
+Coromandel, in the East Indies. He died equally regretted and admired for
+his eminent civil and military services to his country; possessed of
+distinguished endowments of mind, dignified manners, inflexible integrity,
+unfeigned benevolence, with every social and amiable virtue. He departed
+this life March 31, A.D. 1791, aged fifty-two. "Alas, piety! alas,
+fidelity! like that of old, and warlike courage! when shall you have his
+equal?"--_Wilton, sculptor._
+
+Here also lies the body of his nephew, Lieutenant-General Sir JAMES
+CAMPBELL, Bart., G.C.H., and C.SS., F.M., who served during the whole of
+the last war in many distinguished situations; was Commander of the Forces
+in the Ionian Islands at the general peace of 1814, and died at London
+upon the 6th of June, 1819, aged fifty-four.
+
+[Illustration: POET'S CORNER, _p. 103_.]
+
+On a tablet is the following inscription:--"To the memory of MARY HOPE,
+who died at Brockhall, in the county of Northampton, on the 25th of June,
+1767, aged twenty-five, and whose remains lie in the neighbouring church
+at Norton, this stone, an unavailing tribute of affliction, is by her
+husband erected and inscribed. She was the only daughter of Eliab Breton,
+of Forty Hill, Middlesex, Esq., and was married to John Hope, of London,
+Merchant, to whom she left three infant sons, Charles, John, and William.
+
+  "Tho' low in earth, her beauteous form decay'd,
+  My faithful wife, my lov'd Maria's laid.
+  In sad remembrance, the afflicted raise
+  No pompous tomb inscrib'd with venal praise.
+  To statesmen, warriors, and to kings, belong
+  The trophied sculpture, and the poet's song;
+  And these the proud expiring often claim,
+  Their wealth bequeathing to record their name.
+  But humble virtue, stealing to the dust,
+  Heeds not our lays, or monumental bust.
+  To name her virtues ill befits my grief--
+  What was my bliss can now give no relief;
+  A husband mourns--the rest let friendship tell;
+  Fame, spread her worth! a husband knew it well!"
+
+Sir THOMAS and Lady ROBINSON.--This monument to the memory of the Dowager
+Baroness Lechmere, eldest daughter of Charles Howard, third Earl of
+Carlisle, and widow of Nicholas Lord Lechmere, afterwards married Sir
+Thomas Robinson, of Rookby Park, in the county of York, Baronet, on
+October 28, 1728, and died April 10, 1739, aged forty-four. Sir Thomas,
+after enjoying many honourable and lucrative employments in the State,
+spent the latter part of his life in retirement, dying March 3, 1777, aged
+seventy-six.--_Walsh, sculptor._
+
+EDWARD ATKYNS and his ancestors. The first was Sir Edward Atkyns, one of
+the Barons of the Exchequer in the reigns of Charles I. and II., and of
+such loyalty as to resist the most splendid offers of the Oliverian party.
+He died in 1669, aged eighty-two. The second, Sir Robert Atkyns, was
+created Knight of the Bath at the coronation of Charles II.; was
+afterwards L.C.B. of the Exchequer under William III., and Speaker of the
+House of Lords in several Parliaments; a person of eminent learning, as
+his writings abundantly prove. He died in 1709, aged eighty-eight.--The
+third, Sir Edward Atkyns, was L.C.B. of the Exchequer at the time of the
+Revolution; but not approving that measure, he retired from public
+business to his seat in Norfolk, where his chief employment was healing
+breaches among his neighbours, which he decided with such exemplary
+justice, that none refused his reference, nor did the most litigious men
+appeal from his award. He died in 1698, aged sixty-eight.--The fourth, Sir
+Robert Atkyns, was versed in the Antiquities of his country, of which his
+History of Gloucester was a proof. He died in 1711, aged sixty-five
+years.--The inscription sets forth, that in memory of his ancestors, who
+have so honourably presided in Westminster Hall, Edward Atkyns, Esq., late
+of Kettringham, in Norfolk, second son of the last-named Sir Edward,
+caused this monument to be erected. He died Jan. 20, 1750, aged
+seventy-nine years.--_Cheere, sculptor._
+
+A medallion and inscription--"To the memory of the Right Honourable JAMES
+STUART MACKENZIE, Lord Privy Seal of Scotland, a man whose virtues did
+honour to humanity. He cultivated and encouraged science; and during a
+long life, was generous without ostentation, secretly charitable,
+friendly, hospitable, and ever ready to oblige. He was beloved and revered
+by all: he had many friends, and not one enemy. He died the 6th of April,
+1800, in the eighty-second year of his age. He was married to Elizabeth,
+daughter of John, Duke of Argyle and Greenwich, his uncle."--_Nollekens,
+sculptor._
+
+JOHN, Duke of ARGYLE and GREENWICH.--On one side of the base is the figure
+of Minerva, and on the other of Eloquence; done by Roubiliac, particularly
+expressive. Above is the figure of History, with one hand holding a book,
+with the other writing on a pyramid the titles of the hero, whose actions
+are supposed to be contained in the book, on the cover of which, in
+letters of gold, are inscribed the date of his Grace's birth, Oct. 10,
+1680, and time of his death, Oct. 4, 1743. The principal figure is
+spirited, even to the verge of life. On the pyramid is this epitaph, said
+to be written by Paul Whitehead, Esq.:--
+
+  "Briton! behold, if patriot worth be dear,
+  A shrine that claims a tributary tear;
+  Silent that tongue admiring senates heard,
+  Nerveless that arm opposing legions fear'd.
+  Nor less, O Campbell! thine the power to please,
+  And give to grandeur all the grace of ease.
+  Long from thy life let kindred heroes trace
+  Arts which ennoble still the noblest race;
+  Others may owe their future fame to me,
+  I borrow immortality from thee."
+
+Underneath this, in great letters, is written--"JOHN, DUKE OF ARGYLE AND
+GR--" at which point the pen of History rests. On the base of the monument
+is this inscription:--"In memory of an honest man, a constant friend,
+John, the great Duke of Argyle and Greenwich, a General and Orator,
+exceeded by none in the age he lived, Sir Henry Fermer, Bart., by his last
+will, left the sum of 500_l._ towards erecting this monument, and
+recommended the above inscription."
+
+Over the door of the Chapel of St. Faith, is the monument of OLIVER
+GOLDSMITH, M.D., representing the portrait of the Doctor in profile. A
+festoon curtain, olive branches, and books, are the chief ornaments.
+Underneath is a Latin inscription, of which the following is the
+import:--"That he was eminent as a Poet, Philosopher, and Historian; that
+he scarcely left any species of writing unattempted, and none that he
+attempted, unimproved; that he was master of the softer passions, and
+could at pleasure command tears, or provoke laughter; but in everything he
+said or did, good nature was predominant; that he was witty, sublime,
+spirited, and facetious; in speech pompous; in conversation elegant and
+graceful; that the love of his associates, fidelity of his friends, and
+the veneration of his readers, _had raised this monument to his memory_.
+He was born in Ireland, November 29, 1731, educated at Dublin, and died
+at London, April 4, 1774, and was buried in the Temple burial
+ground."--_Nollekens, sculptor._
+
+Near to the door of the Chapel of St. Faith is a black marble slab, which
+covers the remains of CHARLES DICKENS, born Feb. 7th, 1812, died June 9th,
+1870. And near to him are the remains of Handel, Cumberland, Macaulay,
+Sheridan, Garrick, Samuel Johnson, and Thomas Parr, of the county of
+Salop, born 1483, who lived in the reign of ten Princes: viz., Edward IV.,
+Edward V., Richard III., Henry VII., Henry VIII., Edward VI., Queen Mary,
+Queen Elizabeth, James I., and Charles I. He died Nov. 15th, 1635, at the
+age of 152.
+
+A monument erected to the memory of JOHN GAY, by the bounty and favour of
+the Duke and Duchess of Queensberry, who were the great encouragers of his
+genius. The masks, tragedy, dagger, and instruments of music, which are
+blended together in a group are emblematical devices, alluding to the
+various ways of writing in which he excelled: namely, farce, satire,
+fable, and pastoral. The short epitaph on the front was written by
+himself. It is censured by some for its levity,--
+
+  "Life is a jest, and all things show it:
+  I thought so once, but now I know it."
+
+Underneath are these verses, by Mr. Pope, who lived always in great
+friendship with Mr. Gay:
+
+      "Of manners gentle, of affections mild;
+      In wit a man, simplicity a child;
+  With native humour temp'ring virtuous rage,
+  Form'd to delight at once and lash the age;
+  Above temptation in a low estate,
+  And uncorrupted e'en among the great;
+  A safe companion and an easy friend,
+  Unblamed through life, lamented in thy end;
+  These are thy honours; not that here thy bust
+  Is mix'd with heroes, or with Kings thy dust;
+  But that the worthy and the good shall say,
+  Striking their pensive bosoms--Here lies Gay!"
+
+He died December 4, 1732, aged forty-five.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+NICHOLAS ROWE, Esq., and his only daughter. On the front of the pedestal
+is this inscription:--"To the memory of Nicholas Rowe, Esq., who died in
+1718, aged forty-five; and of CHARLOTTE, his only daughter, wife of Henry
+Fane, Esq., who, inheriting her father's spirit, and amiable in her own
+innocence and beauty, died in the twenty-second year of her age, 1739."
+Underneath, upon the front of the altar, is this epitaph:--
+
+  "Thy reliques, Rowe! to this sad shrine we trust,
+  And near thy Shakspeare place thy honour'd bust.
+  Oh! next him skill'd to draw the tender tear,
+  For never heart felt passion more sincere;
+  To nobler sentiment to fire the brave,
+  For never Briton more disdained a slave;
+  Peace to thy gentle shade, and endless rest,
+  Blest in thy genius, in thy love, too, blest!
+  And blest, that timely from our scene remov'd,
+  Thy soul enjoys that liberty it lov'd!
+  To these so mourn'd in death, so loved in life,
+  The childless parent and the widow'd wife,
+  With tears inscribed this monumental stone,
+  That hold their ashes, and expects her own."
+
+Mr. Rowe was Poet Laureate, and author of several fine tragedies; and,
+just before his death, had finished a translation of Lucan's
+Pharsalia.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+JAMES THOMSON, author of the Seasons, and other Poetical Works. The figure
+of Mr. Thomson leans its left arm upon a pedestal, holding a book in one
+hand, and the Cap of Liberty in the other. Upon the pedestal, in
+bas-relief, are the Seasons; to which a boy points, offering him a laurel
+crown, as the reward of his genius. At the feet of the figure is the
+tragic mask and the ancient harp. The whole is supported by a projecting
+pedestal, and in a panel is the following inscription:--"James Thomson,
+_Ætatis 48, Obit 27 August, 1748_. Tutored by thee, sweet Poetry exalts
+her voice to ages, and informs the page with music, image, sentiment, and
+thought, never to die!" Erected 1762.--_Spang, sculptor._
+
+WILLIAM SHAKSPEARE.--Both the design and workmanship of this monument are
+extremely elegant. The figure of Shakspeare, and his attitude, his dress,
+his shape, his genteel air, and fine composure, all so delicately
+expressed by the sculptor, cannot be sufficiently admired; and those
+beautiful lines of his that appear on the scroll are very happily
+chosen:--
+
+  "The cloud-capp'd towers, the gorgeous palaces,
+  The solemn temples, the great globe itself,
+  Yea, all which it inherit, shall dissolve.
+  And, like the baseless fabric of a vision,
+  Leave not a wreck behind."--_The Tempest._
+
+The heads on the pedestal, representing Henry V., Richard III., and Queen
+Elizabeth (three principal characters in his plays), are likewise proper
+ornaments to grace his tomb. In short, the taste that is here shown does
+honour to those great names under whose direction, by the public favour,
+it was so elegantly constructed: namely, the Earl of Burlington, Dr. Mead,
+Mr. Pope, and Mr. Martin. It was designed by Kent, executed by
+Scheemakers, and the expanse defrayed by the grateful contributions of the
+public, 125 years after his death. He died April 24, 1617, in his 53rd
+year, and was buried in the great church at Stratford.
+
+In front of this monument are buried Dr. Johnson, Garrick, Henderson,
+Sheridan, Campbell, and Cary.
+
+"To the memory of Mrs. PRITCHARD, this tablet is here placed by a
+voluntary subscription of those who admired and esteemed her. She retired
+from the stage, of which she had long been the ornament, in the month of
+April, 1768, and died at Bath in the month of August following, in the
+fifty-seventh year of her age.
+
+  "Her comic vein had every charm to please,
+  'Twas nature's dictates breathed with nature's ease:
+  E'en when her powers sustain'd the tragic load,
+  Full, clear, and just, the harmonious accents flow'd;
+  And the big passions of her feeling heart
+  Burst freely forth and shamed the mimic art.
+  Oft on the scene, with colours not her own,
+  She painted Vice, and taught us what to shun;
+  One virtuous track her real life pursu'd,
+  That nobler part was uniformly good;
+  Each duty there to such perfection wrought.
+  That, if the precepts fail'd, the example taught."
+                                              _W. Whitehead, P.L._
+
+_Hayward, sculptor._
+
+Above is a bust to ROBERT SOUTHEY (Poet Laureate); born August 12, 1774;
+died March 21, 1843.--_Weekes, sculptor._
+
+THOMAS CAMPBELL, LL.D., Author of "The Pleasures of Hope," thrice
+Lord-Rector of the University of Glasgow, founder of the Polish
+Association, &c. He was born July 27, 1777; died at Boulogne, June 15,
+1844; and was buried with great public solemnity, near this spot, on the
+3rd of July following. As a classic poet, a warm philanthropist, a staunch
+friend of literary men, he possessed the highest qualities of mind and
+heart. His Patriotic Lyrics breathe the very spirit of British freedom and
+independence; while his other poems--all models of composition--are richly
+imbued with the spirit of moral and religious sentiment. This statue, from
+the classic chisel of W. C. Marshall, R.A., was erected on the 1st of May,
+1855. The pedestal as it now stands, was the gift of a lady (sister-in-law
+of Dr. Beattie, the Poet's physician and biographer). The highly
+appropriate Lines inscribed upon it are taken from "_The Last Man_:"--
+
+  "This spirit shall return to HIM
+    Who gave its heavenly spark;
+  Yet think not, sun, it shall be dim
+    When thou thyself art dark!
+  No--it shall live again, and shine
+  In bliss unknown to beams of thine,
+    By HIM recall'd to breath
+  Who captive led captivity.
+  Who robbed the Grave of Victory,
+    And took the sting from Death!"
+
+The statue represents the Poet in his academic robes of Lord-Rector and
+the relieved figure, with the torch, the triumph of immortal HOPE, as
+described in the following lines:--
+
+            "Eternal Hope! when yonder spheres sublime
+  Peal'd their first notes to sound the march of Time,
+  Thy joyous youth began, but shall not fade.--
+  When all the sister planets have decayed,
+  When wrapped in fire, the realms of ether glow,
+  And Heaven's last thunder shakes the world below,
+  Thou, undismayed, shall o'er the ruins smile,
+  And light thy torch at Nature's funeral pile!"
+                                              "_Pleasures of Hope._"
+
+[For these and the preceding lines, see Campbell's Poems.]
+
+Affixed to the pillar is a tablet--"Sacred to the memory of CHRISTOPHER
+ANSTEY, Esq., formerly a scholar at Eton, and fellow of Trinity College,
+in Cambridge: a very elegant poet, who held a distinguished pre-eminence,
+even among those who excelled in the same kinds of his art. About the year
+1770, he exchanged his residence in Cambridgeshire for Bath, a place above
+all that he had long delighted in. The celebrated poem that he wrote,
+under the title of the Bath Guide, is a sufficient testimony; and after
+having lived there thirty-six years, died in the year 1805, aged
+eighty-one, and was buried in Walcot Church, Bath."--_Horwell, sculptor._
+
+A tablet with a fine medallion,--"Sacred to the memory of GRANVILLE
+SHARP, ninth son of Dr. Thomas Sharp, Prebendary of the Cathedrals and
+Collegiate Churches of York, Durham, and Southwell, and grandson of Dr.
+John Sharp, Archbishop of York. Born and educated in the bosom of the
+Church of England, he ever cherished for her institutions the most
+unshaken regard, whilst his whole soul was in harmony with the sacred
+strain--'Glory to God in the highest, on earth peace, good will towards
+men;' on which his life presented one beautiful comment of glowing piety
+and unwearied beneficence. Freed by competence from the necessity, and by
+content from the desire, of lucrative occupation, he was incessant in his
+labours to improve the condition of mankind. Founding public happiness on
+public virtue, he aimed to rescue his native country from the guilt and
+inconsistency of employing the arm of Freedom to rivet the fetters of
+Bondage, and established for the Negro Race, in the person of _Somerset_
+(his servant), the long disputed rights of human nature. Having, in this
+glorious cause, triumphed over the combined resistance of Interest,
+Prejudice, and Pride, he took his post amongst the foremost of the
+honourable band associated to deliver Africa from the rapacity of Europe,
+by the abolition of the Slave Trade; nor was death permitted to interrupt
+his career of usefulness, till he had witnessed that Act of the British
+Parliament by which 'The Abolition' was decreed. In his private relations
+he was equally exemplary; and having exhibited through life a model of
+disinterested virtue, he resigned his pious spirit into the hands of his
+Creator, in the exercise of Charity, and Faith, and Hope, on the 6th day
+of July, A.D. 1813, in the seventy-eighth year of his age. Reader, if on
+perusing this tribute to a private individual, thou shouldest be disposed
+to suspect it as partial, or censure it as diffuse, know that it is not
+panegyric, but history.--_Erected by the African Institution of London_,
+A.D. 1816."--_Chantrey, sculptor._
+
+Above is a bust of CHARLES DE ST. DENIS, Lord of St. Evremond.--This
+gentleman was of a noble family in Normandy, and was employed in the army
+of France, in which he rose to the rank of Marshal; but retiring to
+Holland, he was from thence invited by Charles II. into England, where he
+lived in the greatest intimacy with the King and principal nobility, more
+particularly with the Duchess of Mazarine. He had a very sprightly turn
+both in conversation and writing. He lived to the age of ninety, and was
+carried off at last by a violent fit of the stranguary, September 9, 1703.
+Though he left France, as it may be imagined, on account of religion, yet
+in his will he left twenty pounds to poor Roman Catholics, and twenty
+pounds to poor French refugees; besides other legacies to be disposed of
+to those in distress, of what religion soever they might be.
+
+MATTHEW PRIOR.--The bust was done by order of the King of France. On one
+side of the pedestal stands the figure of Thalia, one of the nine Muses,
+with a flute in her hand; and on the other, History, with her book shut;
+between both is the bust of the deceased, upon a raised altar of fine
+marble; on the outermost side of which is a Latin inscription, importing
+that while he was busied in writing the history of his own times, Death
+interposed, and broke both the thread of his discourse and of his life,
+Sept. 18, 1721, in the fifty-seventh year of his age. Over the bust is a
+pediment, on the ascending sides of which are two boys, one with an hour
+glass in his hand, run out, the other holding a torch reversed; on the
+apex of the pediment is an urn, and on the base of the monument a long
+inscription, reciting the principal employments in which he had been
+engaged; particularly that, by order of King William and Queen Mary; he
+assisted at the Congress of the Confederate Powers of the Hague, in 1690;
+in 1697 was one of the Plenipotentiaries of the Peace of Ryswick: and in
+the following year was of the embassy to France and also Secretary of
+State in Ireland. In 1700, he was made one of the Board of Trade; in 1711,
+First Commissioner of the Customs; and lastly, in the same year, was sent
+by Queen Anne to Louis XIV. of France, with proposals of peace. All these
+trusts he executed with uncommon address and abilities, and had retired
+from public business, when a violent cholic, occasioned by a cold, carried
+him off; by which the world was deprived of an invaluable treasure, which
+he was preparing to lay before the public.--_Rysbrack, sculptor. Bust by
+Coizevox._
+
+"Sacred to the best of men, WILLIAM MASON, A.M., a Poet, if any, elegant,
+correct, and pious. Died 7th of April, 1797, aged seventy-two."--It is a
+neat piece of sculpture. A medallion of the deceased is held up by a
+figure of Poetry, bemoaning the loss.--_Bacon, sculptor._
+
+THOMAS SHADWELL.--This monument was erected by Dr. John Shadwell, to the
+memory of his deceased father. The inscription sets forth that he was
+descended from an ancient family in Staffordshire, was Poet Laureate and
+Historiographer in the reign of William III., and died November 20, 1692,
+in the fifty-fifth year of his age. He was author of several plays, and
+was satirized by Dryden, under the character of Ogg, in the second part of
+Absalom and Architophel. He died at Chelsea, by taking opium, and was
+there buried.--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+JOHN MILTON.--He was a great polemical and political writer, and Latin
+Secretary to Oliver Cromwell; but what has immortalized his name, are
+those two inimitable pieces, Paradise Lost and Regained. He was born in
+London in 1604, and died at Bunhill (perhaps the same as Bunhill Fields)
+in 1674, leaving three daughters behind him unprovided for, and was buried
+at St. Giles's, Cripplegate. In 1737, Mr. Auditor Benson erected this
+monument to his memory.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+Under Milton is an elegant monument erected to the memory of Mr. GRAY.
+This monument seems expressive of the compliment contained in the epitaph,
+where the Lyric Muse, in alt-relief, is holding a medallion of the Poet,
+and at the same time pointing the finger up to the bust of Milton, which
+is directly over it.
+
+  "No more the Grecian muse unrival'd reigns;
+  To Britain let the nations homage pay:
+  She felt a Homer's fire in Milton's strains,
+  A Pindar's rapture in the lyre of Gray."
+
+Died July 30, 1771, aged fifty-four, and was buried at Stoke.--_John
+Bacon, sculptor._
+
+SAMUEL BUTLER.--This tomb, as by the inscription appears, was erected by
+John Barber, Esq., Lord Mayor of London, _that he who was destitute of all
+things when alive, might not want a monument when dead_. He was author of
+Hudibras, and was a man of consummate learning, wit, and pleasantry,
+peculiarly happy in his writings, though he reaped small advantages from
+them, and suffered great distress by reason of his narrow circumstances.
+He lived, however, to a good old age, and was buried at the expense of Mr.
+Longueville, in the churchyard of St. Paul, Covent Garden. He was born at
+Strencham, in Worcestershire, in 1612, and died in London, 1680.
+
+EDMUND SPENCER.--Beneath Mr. Butler's, there was a rough decayed tomb of
+Purbeck stone, to the memory of Mr. Edmund Spencer, one of the best
+English poets, which being much decayed, a subscription was set on foot,
+by the liberality of Mr. Mason, in 1778, to restore it. The subscription
+succeeded, and the monument was restored as nearly as possible to the old
+form, but in statuary marble. His works abound with innumerable beauties
+and such a variety of imagery, as is scarce to be found in any other
+writer, ancient or modern. On this monument is this inscription:--"Here
+lies (expecting the second coming of our Saviour Christ Jesus) the body of
+Edmund Spencer, the Prince of Poets in his time, whose divine spirit needs
+no other witness than the works which he left behind him. He was born in
+London in 1553, and died in 1598."
+
+BEN JONSON.--This monument is of fine marble, and is very neatly
+ornamented with emblematical figures, alluding, perhaps, to the malice and
+envy of his contemporaries. His epitaph--"_O Rare Ben Jonson!_"--is cut in
+the pavement where he is buried in the North Aisle. He was Poet Laureate
+to James I., and contemporary with Shakspeare, to whose writings, when
+living, he was no friend, though, when dead, he wrote a Poem prefixed to
+his Plays, which does him the amplest justice. His father was a clergyman,
+and he was educated at Westminster School while Mr. Carden was Master; but
+after his father's death, his mother marrying a bricklayer, he was forced
+from school, and made to lay bricks. There is a story told of him, that at
+the building of Lincoln's Inn, he worked with his trowel in one hand, and
+Horace in the other; but Mr. Carden, regarding his parts, recommended him
+to Sir Walter Raleigh, whose son he attended in his travels, and upon his
+return entered himself at Cambridge. He died the 16th of August, 1637,
+aged sixty-three.--_Rysbrack, sculptor._
+
+[Illustration: POETS CORNER WESTMINSTER ABBEY]
+
+On the left is a monument to MICHAEL DRAITON. The inscription and epitaph
+were formerly in letters of gold, but now almost obliterated, and
+therefore are here preserved:--"Michael Draiton, Esq., a memorable Poet of
+his age, exchanged his laurel for a Crown of Glory, anno 1631.
+
+  "Do, pious marble, let thy readers know
+  What they, and what their children, owe
+  To _Draiton's_ name, whose sacred dust
+  We recommend unto thy trust:
+  Protect his mem'ry, and preserve his story;
+  Remain a lasting monument of his glory;
+  And when thy ruins shall disclaim
+  To be the treasure of his name,
+  His name, that cannot fade, shall be
+  An everlasting monument to thee."
+
+This gentleman was both an excellent poet and a learned antiquarian.
+
+Over the monument to Ben Jonson is a window given by Dr. Rogers; it
+represents David and St. John, the poets of the Old and New
+Testaments.--_Clayton and Bell._
+
+BARTON BOOTH, Esq., elegantly designed and well executed. His bust is
+placed between two cherubs, one holding a wreath over his head in the act
+of crowning him: the other in a very pensive attitude, holding a scroll,
+on which is inscribed his descent from an ancient family in Lancashire,
+his admission into Westminster School, under Dr. Busby, his qualifications
+as an actor, which procured him both the royal patronage and the public
+applause. He died in 1733, in the fifty-fourth year of his age; and this
+monument was erected by his surviving widow in 1772.--_W. Tyler,
+sculptor._
+
+Mr. JOHN PHILLIPS.--The bust of this gentleman, in relief, is here
+represented as in an arbour interwoven with laurel branches and apple
+trees; and over it is this motto--"_Honos erat huic quoque Pomo_;"
+alluding to the high qualities ascribed to the apple, in that excellent
+poem of his called Cider. He was son of Stephen Phillips, D.D., Archdeacon
+of Salop; was born at Bampton, in Oxfordshire, December 30, 1676, and died
+at Hereford, Feb. 15, 1708, of a consumption, in the prime of life.
+
+GEOFFREY CHAUCER.--This has been a very beautiful monument in the Gothic
+style, but is now much defaced, and is generally passed over with a
+superficial glance, except by those who never suffer anything curious to
+escape their notice. Geoffrey Chaucer, to whose name it is sacred, is
+called the Father of English Poets, and flourished in the fourteenth
+century. He was son of Sir John Chaucer, a citizen of London, and employed
+by Edward III. in negociations abroad relating to trade. He was a great
+favourite at court, and married the great John of Gaunt's wife's sister.
+He was born in 1328, and died Oct. 25, 1400. This monument was erected by
+Nicholas Bingham, of Oxford, in 1556.
+
+The memorial window to CHAUCER, immediately over his tomb, is intended to
+embody his intellectual labour, and his position amongst his
+contemporaries. At the base are the Canterbury Pilgrims, showing the
+setting out from London, and the arrival at Canterbury. The medallions
+above represent Chaucer receiving a commission, with others, in 1372, from
+King Edward III. to the Doge of Genoa, and his reception by the latter. At
+the apex, the subjects are taken from the moral poem entitled "The Floure
+and the Leafe." "As they which honour the Flower, a thing fading with
+every blast, are such as look after beauty and worldly pleasure; but they
+that honour the Leaf, which abideth with the root, notwithstanding the
+frost and winter storms, are they which follow virtue and during
+qualities, without regard to worldly respects." On the dexter side,
+dressed in white, is the Lady of the Leafe, and attendants; on the
+sinister side is the Lady of the Floure, dressed in green. In the
+spandrils adjoining are the Arms of Chaucer. On the dexter side, and on
+the sinister, Chaucer impaling these of (Roet) his wife. In the tracery
+above, the portrait of Chaucer occupies the centre, between that of Edward
+III. and Philippa his wife; below them Gower and John of Gaunt, and above
+are Wickliffe and Strode, his contemporaries. In the borders are disposed
+the following arms, alternately: England, France, Hainhault, Lancaster,
+Castile, and Leon. At the base of the window is the name Geoffrey Chaucer,
+died A.D. 1400, and four lines selected from the poem entitled, "Balade of
+Gode Counsaile."
+
+  "Flee fro the prees, and dwell with soth fastnesse,
+   Suffise unto thy good though it be small;"
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  "That thee is sent receyve in buxomnesse;
+   The wrastling for this world asketh a fall."
+
+This window was designed by Mr. J. G. Waller, and executed by Messrs.
+Thomas Baillie, and George Mayer, 118, Wardour Street, London, 1868.
+
+EXPLANATION OF THE SUBJECTS.--The Pilgrims are arranged in the following
+manner:--The Departure from the Tabard, thus:
+
+                 1. 2.     3. 4.     5. 6. 7.     8. 9.
+
+  1. The Reve.         |4. The Knight.      |7. The Serjeant of Law.
+  2. The Manciple.     |5. The Yeoman.      |8. The Shipmanne.
+  3. Chaucer.          |6. The Squire.      |9. The Doctor of Physick.
+
+The Arrival at Canterbury, thus:
+
+            10. 11. 12.     13. 14. 15.   16.      17. 18.
+
+  10. The Somptnour.   |13. The Monk.       |16. The Frankelein.
+  11. The Pardoner.    |14. The Prioress.   |17. The Plowman.
+  12. The Parson.      |15. The Nun.        |18. The Clerk of Oxenforde.
+
+_Arrangement of Portraits in Tracery._
+
+              Wickliffe.             Strode.
+  Edward III.           Chaucer.              Philippa.
+              Gower.            John of Gaunt.
+
+Above is a neat monument to the memory of John Roberts, Esq., the very
+faithful Secretary of the Right Honourable Henry Pelham, Minister of State
+to George II. This marble was erected by his three surviving sisters, in
+1776.--_Hayward, sculptor._
+
+ABRAHAM COWLEY.--This monument, though apparently plain, is very
+expressive; the chaplet of laurel that begirts his urn, and the fire
+issuing from the mouth of the urn, are fine emblems of the glory he
+acquired by the spirit of his writings. The Latin inscription and epitaph
+on the pedestal is thus translated into English:--"Near this place lies
+Abraham Cowley, the Pindar, Horace, and Virgil of England; and the
+delight, ornament and admiration of his age:--
+
+  "While, Sacred Bard, far worlds thy works proclaim.
+  And you survive in an immortal fame,
+  Here may you, bless'd in pleasant quiet, lie!
+  To guard thy urn may hoary Faith stand by!
+  And all thy fav'rite tuneful Nine repair
+  To watch thy dust with a perpetual care!
+  Sacred for ever may this place be made,
+  And may no desp'rate hand presume t' invade
+  With touch unhallow'd this religious room,
+  Or dare affront thy venerable tomb!
+  Unmov'd and undisturb'd, till time shall end,
+  May Cowley's dust this marble shrine defend!"
+
+"So wishes, and desires that wish may be sacred to posterity, George, Duke
+of Buckingham, who erected this monument to that incomparable man. He died
+in the forty-ninth year of his age, and was carried from Buckingham House,
+with honourable pomp, his exequies being attended by persons of
+illustrious characters of all degrees, and buried August 3, 1667." His
+grave is just before the monument, as appears by a blue stone, on which is
+engraven his name.--_John Bushnell, sculptor._
+
+Affixed to the pillar, on the left, is a tablet to the memory of Mrs.
+MARTHA BIRCH, who was daughter of Samuel Viner, Esq., and first married to
+Francis Millington, Esq., afterwards to Peter Birch, Prebendary of this
+Abbey. She died May 25, 1703, in the fiftieth year of her age.
+
+The next monument was erected to the memory of Mr. JOHN DRYDEN, by the
+late Duke of Buckingham, who valued his writings so much that he thought
+no inscription necessary to spread his fame.--"J. Dryden, born 1632, died
+May 1, 1700. John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham, erected this monument,
+1720."--_Scheemakers, sculptor._
+
+Against the screen of the Choir, is the monument of ROBERT SOUTH, D.D.,
+who is represented in a cumbent posture, in his canonical habit, with his
+arm resting on a cushion, and his right hand on a Death's head. In his
+left he holds a book, with his finger between the leaves, as if just
+closed from reading; and over his head is a group of cherubs issued from a
+mantling, beneath which is a long Latin inscription, showing that he was
+scholar to Busby, and student at Christ Church, Oxford, and Public Orator
+of that University; that, by the patronage of Lord Clarendon, he was made
+Prebendary both of Westminster and Christ's, and afterwards Rector of
+Islip, where he rebuilt the parsonage-house, and founded and endowed a
+school. His sermons have a peculiar turn, and are still much admired. He
+died July 8, 1716, aged eighty-two.--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+Between this and Dr. Busby, a small portion of ANN of CLEVES' monument is
+to be perceived. She was sister of the Duke of Cleves, was contracted in
+marriage to Henry VIII., and received with great pomp on Blackheath,
+January 3, 1539, married to the king on the 9th, and in July following
+divorced, with liberty to marry again; but being sensibly touched with the
+indignity put upon her, she lived retired in England, with the title of
+Lady Ann, of Cleves, and saw the rival who supplanted her suffer a worse
+fate. She survived the King four years, and died in 1557.
+
+A still more unfortunate Queen lies near this last, without a monument;
+viz., ANNE, Queen of Richard III., and daughter of Nevil, the great Earl
+of Warwick. This lady was poisoned by that monster of cruelty, her
+husband, to make way for his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of his
+brother, Edward IV., and sister of the unhappy youths he had caused to be
+murdered in the Tower, which marriage he never lived to consummate, being
+slain at the battle of Bosworth Field.
+
+Above is a tablet to Dr. Vincent, with the inscription thus
+translated:--"Here rests whatever is mortal of WILLIAM VINCENT, who having
+received his education in this College, returned to it when he had
+completed his academical studies, and from the situation of Junior Usher,
+arose to that of Head Master; he was at length exalted to the office of
+Dean of the Church, for which he entertained the greatest affection: on
+the subject of his life, his literary attainments, and his moral
+character, let this monumental stone be silent. He owes his origin to the
+respectable family of the Vincents, of Shepy, in the county of Leicester;
+he was born in London, 2nd November, 1739, and died on the 21st December,
+1815."
+
+Doctor RICHARD BUSBY.--On this fine monument is the effigy of this learned
+grammarian in his gown, looking earnestly at the inscription. In his right
+hand he holds a pen, and in his left a book open. Underneath, upon the
+pedestal, are a variety of books, and at the top are his family arms. The
+inscription is very elegantly written, and highly to his praise;
+intimating that whatever fame the school of Westminster boasts, and
+whatever advantage mankind shall reap from thence in times to come, are
+all principally owing to the wise institutions of this great man. He was
+born at Lutton, in Lincolnshire, September 22, 1606; made Master of
+Westminster College, December 23, 1640; elected Prebendary of Westminster,
+July 5th, 1660, and Treasurer of Wells, August 11th, the same year; and
+died April 5th, 1695.--_Bird, sculptor._
+
+Affixed to the pillars in this cross are two tablets; one to the memory of
+Dr. ANTHONY HORNECK, who was born at Wettenburgh, in Zealand, but educated
+at Queen's College, Oxford; was King's Divinity Professor and Chaplain, a
+Prebendary of this Church, and Preacher at the Savoy. He died of the
+stone, January 31, 1696, aged fifty-six. The other to the memory of Dr.
+SAMUEL BARTON, a Prebendary of this Church, and a person of admirable
+genius and learning. He died September 1715, aged sixty-eight.
+
+In front of Dr. Barrow's monument, lies the remains of that once
+celebrated poet, Sir WILLIAM DAVENANT, who, upon the death of Ben Jonson,
+succeeded him as Poet Laureate to Charles I., but having lost his nose by
+an _accident_, was cruelly bantered by the wits of the succeeding reign.
+He was a vintner's son at Oxford, whose wife, being a woman of admirable
+wit and sprightly conversation, drew the politest men of that age to their
+house, among whom Shakspeare was said to be a frequent visitor. His
+education was at Lincoln College, where he became acquainted with Endimion
+Porter, Henry Jermain, and Sir John Suckling. He died in 1668, aged
+sixty-three.
+
+Not far from Davenant lies Sir ROBERT MURRAY, a great Mathematician, and
+one of the founders of the Royal Society, of which he was the first
+President, and while he lived the very soul of that body. He died
+suddenly, July 4, 1673, in the garden at Whitehall, and was buried at the
+King's expense.
+
+In front of Dryden's monument, is an ancient stone, on which, by the marks
+indented, has been the image of a man in armour. This covers the body of
+ROBERT HAULE, who, at the battle of Najara, in Spain, in Richard II.'s
+time, together with John Shakel, his comrade, took the Earl of Denia
+prisoner, who, under pretence of raising money for his ransom, obtained
+his liberty, leaving his son as a hostage in their hands. Upon their
+coming to England, the Duke of Lancaster demanded him for the King; but
+they refused to deliver him up without the ransom, and were therefore both
+committed to the Tower, from whence escaping, they took sanctuary in this
+Abbey. Sir Ralp Ferreris and Alan Buxal, the one Governor, the other
+Captain of the Tower, with fifty men, pursued them, and having, by fair
+promises, gained over Shakel, they attempted to seize Haule by force, who
+made a desperate defence, but being overpowered by numbers, was slain,
+August 11, 1378, in the choir before the prior's stall, commending himself
+to God, the avenger of wrongs. A servant of the Abbey fell with him.
+Shakel they threw into prison, but afterwards set him at liberty, and the
+King and Council agreed to pay the ransom of his prisoner, 500 marks, and
+100 marks a-year. Some years afterwards Shakel died, and was buried here
+in 1396.
+
+Under the pavement, near Dryden's tomb, lie the remains of FRANCIS
+BEAUMONT, the dramatic writer, who died in London in 1628, and was buried
+here, March 9, without tomb or inscription.
+
+The new stained glass windows at the south end of the Transept of the
+Abbey were executed by Messrs. Thomas Ward and J. H. Nixon, 1847:
+description as follows:--
+
+In the centre of the Rose Window, the name "JEHOVAH;" in the circle
+surrounding the figures of angels.
+
+In the large circle of surrounding lights are thirty-two separate subjects
+taken from the principal incidents, miracles, and events in the life and
+sufferings of our blessed Redeemer.
+
+The height of the figures are nearly three feet. The subjects selected for
+this circle are as follows:
+
+    1. The nativity of Jesus Christ.--_Luke_ ii. 7, &c.
+
+    2. Simeon's prophecy.--_Luke_ ii. 25.
+
+    3. Jesus reasoning with the doctors.--_Luke_ ii. 46.
+
+    4. The baptism of St. John the Baptist.--_Matt._ iii. 13.
+
+    5. The preaching on the Mount.--_Matt._ v. 1, &c.
+
+    6. Water made wine.--_John_ ii. 4.
+
+    7. The money changers expelled from the Temple.--_Matt._ xxi. 12.
+
+    8. The woman of Samaria.--_John_ iv. 7.
+
+    9. Walking on the sea.--_Matt._ xiv. 29.
+
+    10. Raising of Jairus' daughter.--_Mark_ v. 41.
+
+    11. The pool of Bethesda.--_John_ v. 4, &c.
+
+    12. The Centurion's faith.--_Matt._ viii. 8, &c.
+
+    13. John's disciples sent to Christ.--_Matt._ xi. 2, &c.
+
+    14. The Magdalen anointing the feet of Christ.--_John_ xii. 3.
+
+    15. The Syrophenician woman.--_Matt._ xv. 15.
+
+    16. The feeding of the multitude.--_Matt._ xiv. 15.
+
+    17. The lunatic boy cured.--_Matt._ xvii. 14, &c.
+
+    18. Peter, the fish, and Temple tribute.--_Matt._ xvii. 27.
+
+    19. The blind man healed.--_Mark_ viii. 25.
+
+    20. Lazarus raised.--_John_ xi. 43.
+
+    21. The entry into Jerusalem.--_Matt._ xxi. 1.
+
+    22. The tribute to Cæsar.--_Matt._ xxii. 15 and 21.
+
+    23. Little children brought to Christ.--_Mark_ x. 13.
+
+    24. The young rich man's question.--_Mark_ x. 17.
+
+    25. The widow's son restored.--_Luke_ vii. 11.
+
+    26. The agony in the garden.--_Matt._ xxvi. 39.
+
+    27. Jesus Christ captive before Pilate.--_Matt._ xxvii. 1, 2, &c.
+
+    28. Jesus Christ shown to the people.--_John_ xix. 5.
+
+    29. The Crucifixion.--_John_ xix. 25, &c.
+
+    30. The Resurrection.--_Matt._ xxviii. 1, &c.
+
+    31. Appearance to Mary Magdalen.--_John_ xx. 11.
+
+    32. The Ascension.--_Acts_ i. 9, &c.
+
+The decorations which surround this circle are scrolages and ornaments of
+mosaic work on coloured grounds suited to the rest, among which are also
+interwoven the following symbols:--
+
+    1. I.H.S. at the Nativity.
+
+    2. The angel, the symbol of St. Matt.
+
+    3. The Paschal Lamb.
+
+    4. Cherub's head.
+
+    5. The pelican, as symbol of the Church.
+
+    6. Cherub's head.
+
+    7. The lion, the symbol of St. Mark.
+
+    8. The triangle, the symbol of the Trinity.
+
+    9. The hart, athirst for the water brooks.
+
+    10. The ox, the symbol of St. Luke.
+
+    11. Cherub's head.
+
+    12. The sacramental cup.
+
+    13. Cherub's head.
+
+    14. The dove descending.
+
+    15. The eagle, the symbol of St. John.
+
+    16. [Greek: A.Ô.]
+
+In the left quatrefoil, at the corner, are the arms of the Abbacy; in the
+right the arms of the reigning sovereign; in the head of the arches
+beneath are figures of angels holding scrolls.
+
+The subjects for the twelve lower windows are selected from the Old
+Testament, and are as follows:--
+
+    1. Noah's sacrifice.--_Gen._ viii. 20.
+
+    2. Abraham and the angels.--_Gen._ xviii. 1.
+
+    3. Jacob's dream.--_Gen._ xxviii. 12.
+
+    4. Joseph interpreting Pharoah's dream.--_Gen._ xli. 25.
+
+    5. The finding of Moses.--_Ex._ ii. 5.
+
+    6. Moses before the burning bush.--_Ex._ iii. 2.
+
+    7. Moses striking the rock.--_Ex._ xvii. 5.
+
+    8. Moses with the tables of the law.--_Ex._ xx. 20.
+
+    9. David chosen from among his brothers, and anointed by Samuel.--_1
+    Sam._ xvi. 13.
+
+    10. Dedication of the Temple by Solomon.--_1 Kings_ viii. 22.
+
+    11. Elijah's sacrifice.--_1 Kings_ xviii. 37, &c.
+
+    12. Josiah renewing the Covenant.--_2 Kings_ xxii. 3, &c.
+
+Having thus noticed what is usually considered most interesting in the
+interior, we will take a glance at the exterior. We have already observed
+that the form of the Abbey is that of a cross, in which you are to
+consider Henry the Seventh's Chapel has no part. The south side answered
+exactly to the north in the original plan, by attending to which, you will
+be able to form a true judgment of the whole. The cloisters on the south
+side were added for the conveniency of the monks, and the contiguous
+buildings are of a still later date.
+
+What will principally engage your attention, in viewing the outside of
+this building (the new towers excepted), is the magnificent portico
+leading to the north cross, which, by some, has been styled the
+_Beautiful_, or _Solomon's Gate_. This portico is Gothic, and extremely
+beautiful; and over it is a most magnificent window of modern design,
+admirably executed. The entire height of the north front to the top of
+the centre pinnacle is one hundred and seventy feet.
+
+The north side of the Church, between the west front and the Transept, is
+supported by nine graduated buttresses; each has a turreted niche, wherein
+are placed full length statues of the founders and principal benefactors
+of this Church.
+
+The towers at the west end were raised under the directions of Sir
+Christopher Wren, and terminate with pinnacles at the height of two
+hundred and twenty-five feet. _The Exterior_ length of the Abbey is four
+hundred and sixteen feet; including Henry Seventh's Chapel, five hundred
+and thirty feet.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Having now pointed out what is accounted most worthy of observation in the
+construction of this ancient Abbey, both without and within it, we shall
+next say a word or two of--
+
+
+
+
+Henry Seventh's Chapel.
+
+
+This _wonder of the world_, as it well may be styled, is adorned without
+with sixteen Gothic towers, beautifully ornamented with admirable
+ingenuity, and jutting from the building in different angles. It is
+situated on the east of the Abbey to which it is so neatly joined, that at
+a superficial view it appears to be one and the same building. It is
+enlightened by a double range of windows, that throw the light into such a
+happy disposition, as at once to please the eye and inspire reverence.
+
+An author some years ago, has very highly, and yet not undeservedly
+expressed the beauty of this Chapel in the following words:--"It is the
+admiration of the universe; such inimitable perfection appears in every
+part of the whole composure, which looks so far exceeding human
+excellence, that it appears knit together by the fingers of angels,
+pursuant to the direction of Omnipotence."
+
+And here we cannot help taking notice of a most beautiful window that was
+designed for this Chapel. It was made by order of the magistrates of Dort,
+in Holland, and designed by them as a present to Henry VII., but that
+monarch dying before it was finished, it was set up in Waltham Abbey,
+where it remained till the dissolution of that monastery, when it was
+removed to New-Hall, in Essex, then in possession of General Monk, and by
+him preserved during the civil wars. Some years ago, John Olmius, Esq.,
+the then possessor of New-Hall, sold it to Mr. Conyers, of Copt-Hall, who
+resold it to the inhabitants of St. Margaret's parish, in 1758, for four
+hundred guineas; and it now adorns St Margaret's Church. Thus it has
+arrived near to the place for which it was originally intended, but is
+never likely to reach it. The grand subject is that of our Saviour's
+crucifixion; but there are many subordinate figures: those at the bottom
+of the two side panels represent Henry VII., and his Queen, and were taken
+from the original pictures sent to Dort for that purpose. Over the King
+is the figure of St. George, and above that a white rose and a red one.
+Over the figure of the Queen stands that of St. Katharine of Alexandria;
+and in the panel over her head appears a pomegranate _vert_, in a field of
+_or_, the arms of the kingdom of Grenada.
+
+_General Admeasurements of the Exterior of Henry VII.'s Chapel._
+
+                                                      Ft.   In.
+  Extreme Length                                      115    2
+  Breadth to the Extremities of the Buttress Towers    79    6
+  Height of the Buttress Towers                        70    8
+   Do. to the Apex of the Roof                         85    6
+   Do. to the Top of the Western Turrets              101    6
+
+
+
+
+Of the Monuments in the Cloisters.
+
+
+There are many persons of distinction buried in the Cloisters, as will
+appear from the number of inscriptions, many of which are almost
+obliterated from wear or time; we shall therefore only notice a few of the
+most particular. The most ancient are in the South Walk of the Cloisters,
+towards the east end, where you will see the remains of four Abbots,
+marked in the pavement by four stones. The first is inscribed to the Abbot
+VITALIS, who died in 1082; and was formerly covered with plates of brass.
+The second is a stone of grey marble, to the memory of GESLEBERTUS
+CRISPINUS, who died in 1114. The third is a raised stone, of Sussex
+marble, under which lies interred the Abbot LAURENTIUS, who died in 1176,
+and is said to have been the first who obtained from Pope Alexander III.
+the privilege of using the Mitre, Ring, and Glove. The fourth is of black
+marble, called Long Meg, from its extraordinary length of eleven feet ten
+inches, by five feet ten inches, and covers the ashes of GERVASIUS DE
+BLOIS, natural son of King Stephen, who died 1106. All these seem to have
+had their names and dates cut afresh, and are indeed fragments worthy to
+be preserved.
+
+In 1349 twenty-six of the monks of this Abbey fell victims to a dreadful
+plague which at that period had extended its ravages over great part of
+the globe, and are reported by Fuller to have been buried all in one grave
+in the South Cloisters, under the remarkable large stone called Long Meg.
+
+Against the wall is a monument to PETER FRANCIS COURAYER, a Roman Catholic
+clergyman, born at Vernon, in Normandy, 1681. He was Canon and Librarian
+of the Abbey of Geneviève, at Paris. He translated and published several
+valuable works. In 1727 he took refuge in England, and was well received,
+and presented by the University of Oxford with the degree of D.D. On his
+dedicating a book to Queen Caroline, his pension was augmented to £200 per
+annum from £100 which he had obtained before from the court. He died, in
+1776, after two days' illness, at the age of ninety-five.
+
+At the end of this walk is the monument of DANIEL PULTENEY, who served
+the court several years; abroad in the reign of Queen Anne, and at home in
+the reign of George I. The following is the inscription:--"Reader, if thou
+art a Briton, behold this tomb with reverence and regret! Here lie the
+remains of Daniel Pulteney, the kindest relation, the truest friend, the
+warmest patriot, the worthiest man! He exercised virtues in his age,
+sufficient to have distinguished him even in the best. Sagacious by
+nature, industrious by habit, inquisitive with art, he gained a complete
+knowledge of the state of Britain, foreign and domestic; in most, the
+backward fruit of tedious experience; in him, the early acquisition of
+undissipated youth. He served the court several years; abroad, in the
+auspicious reign of Queen Anne; at home, in the reign of that excellent
+Prince, George I. He served his country always; at court independent, in
+the senate unbiassed. At every age, and at every station, this was the
+bent of his generous soul, this the business of his laborious life; public
+men and public things he judged by one common standard--_the true interest
+of Britain_; he made no other distinction of party; he abhorred all other.
+Gentle, humane, disinterested, benevolent, he created no enemies on his
+own account; firm, determined, inflexible, he feared none he could create
+in the cause of Britain. Reader, in this misfortune of thy country, lament
+thy own; for know, the loss of so much private virtue is a public
+calamity."
+
+
+EAST WALK.
+
+Near the iron gate is a tablet sacred to the memory of the Rev. THOMAS
+VIALLS, of Twickenham, Middlesex, A.M., many years vicar of Boldre, in the
+New Forest, who departed this life May 7, 1831, aged sixty-two.
+
+To the left is a very beautiful arch, beneath which is a doorway leading
+to the Chapter House and Library; in front of which was buried Abbot
+BYRCHESTON, who died of the plague, May 15, 1349; but no stone left to
+mark the place of his interment.
+
+Against the wall, in the centre of the East Walk, is a monument to the
+memory of GEORGE WALSH, Esq., with the following inscription:--"Near this
+place are deposited the remains of George Walsh, Esq., late
+Lieutenant-General of his Majesty's Forces, and Colonel of the forty-ninth
+Regiment of Foot, who died October 23, 1761, aged seventy-three.
+
+  "The toils of life and pangs of death are o'er,
+  And care, and pain, and sickness, are no more."
+
+To the memory of JAMES WILLIAM DODD, who for thirty-four years was one of
+the Ushers of Westminster School, the duties of which he discharged with
+consummate ability. The Westminsters, his pupils, resident at the
+boarding-house under his immediate care, have, bewailing his loss, caused
+this tablet to be erected. He died on the 29th day of August, 1818, in the
+fifty-seventh year of his age.
+
+Beneath is a monument to preserve and unite the memory of two affectionate
+brothers, valiant soldiers and sincere Christians: SCIPIO DUROURE, Esq.,
+Adjutant-General of the British Forces, Colonel of the twelfth Regiment of
+Foot, and Captain or Keeper of his Majesty's Castle of St. Mawes, in
+Cornwall, who, after forty-one years' faithful services, was mortally
+wounded at the battle of Fontenoy, and died May 10, 1745, aged fifty-six
+years, and lies interred on the ramparts of Aeth, in the low Countries;
+and ALEXANDER DUROURE, Esq., Lieutenant-General of the British Forces,
+Colonel of the Fourth, or King's own Regiment of Foot, and Captain or
+Keeper of his Majesty's Castle of St. Mawes, in Cornwall, who, after
+fifty-seven years of faithful services, died at Toulouse, in France, on
+the 2nd January, 1795, aged seventy-four years, and lies interred in this
+Cloister.
+
+In the next arch has been lately erected a tablet, sacred to the memory of
+WALTER HAWKES, who, serving in the East Indies, and having deserved well
+during the space of more than twenty-seven years, almost worn out with
+sickness and wounds, as he was now returning to his native country, being
+overtaken by a storm in the Indian Ocean, was, together with his dearest
+wife, the partner of his life and danger, alas! swallowed up, and perished
+by shipwreck, never to be too much lamented, the year of our Lord 1808.
+Struck with so sad a fate of his companion, William Franklin put up this
+stone; for both were King's scholars in this school, brought up in the
+same studies, together endured arduous warfare.
+
+
+NORTH WALK.
+
+On the left, near the door, is a marble slab to the memory of JOHN
+CATLING, who died March 3, 1826, in the seventy-ninth year of his age. He
+was Verger and Sacrist, successively, of this Collegiate Church under five
+Deans, the duties of which he performed with the most zealous and
+undivided attention, for the long period of fifty-two years, respected by
+his superiors for the fidelity, respectability, and humility, with which
+he filled the offices, and beloved by all who knew him in private life,
+for the many virtues which adorn the man. Lady LONDONDERRY was buried
+underneath it.
+
+A tablet to the memory of HARRIET, wife of the Rev. John Bentall, one of
+the Ushers of Westminster School. She died August 7, 1838.
+
+The next is an epitaph remarkable for its quaintness, and inscribed to the
+memory of WILLIAM LAURENCE, in these lines:--
+
+  "With diligence and truth most exemplary,
+  Did William Laurence serve a Prebendary;
+  And for his pains, now past, before not lost,
+  Gain'd this remembrance at his master's cost.
+  Oh! read these lines again!--you seldom find
+  A servant faithful, and a master kind.
+  Short-hand he wrote; his flower in prime did fade,
+  And hasty death short-hand of him hath made.
+  Well couth he numbers, and well-measured land;
+  Thus doth he now that ground whereon you stand,
+  Wherein he lies so geometrical:
+  Art maketh some, but thus doth nature all."
+                                      _Ob. Dec. 28, 1628, Ætat. 29._
+
+A tablet to the Rev. GEORGE PRESTON, A.M., who was several years
+Under-Master of Westminster School. He died September 8, 1841, aged
+fifty-two.
+
+Near to this is a tablet lately erected to the memory of WILLIAM MARKHAM,
+D.D., Archbishop of York, who died November, 1807, aged eighty-eight, and
+was buried near this spot.
+
+On your left is a tablet to the memory of EDWARD AUGUSTUS WEBBER, a King's
+scholar, son of James Webber, D.D., Dean of Ripon, and Canon of this
+Church; who was drowned in the River Thames, June 11, 1833, aged
+seventeen, and buried near this spot. The inscription is as
+follows:--"H.S.M. Edoardus Augustus Webber, Jacobi Webber, S.T.P., ecclesæ
+Riponensis Decani, et hujusce Præbendarii filius natu secundus in amne
+Thamesi, eversa turbine navicula e quatuor mersis adolicentibus unus
+periit die 11 Junii, 1833, anum agent 17mo. Alumno suavissimo
+desideratissimo, id quod parentes miseri perferre nequibant, præceptores
+condiscipulique tranquam fratrem lugertes ademptum pro more ac pietate
+Westmonasteriensi exequias reddiderunt."
+
+The last worthy of note in this Walk is that to the memory of WILLIAM
+EGERTON GELL, Esq., who, after a long and severe affliction, departed this
+life on the 17th of May, 1838, aged fifty-six years; in him many will have
+to deplore the loss of a generous and kind-hearted friend. "Comfort the
+soul of thy servant, for unto thee, O Lord, do I lift up my
+soul."--_Cundy, sculptor._
+
+
+WEST WALK.
+
+On the left door of the Abbey is a monument, erected by John English
+Dolben, Esq., "To the memory of EDWARD WORTLEY MONTAGUE, who was cast
+away, on his return to England, in 1777, from the East Indies, in the
+twenty-seventh year of his age. In memory of their friendship, which
+commenced at Westminster School, continued for some time at Oxford, not
+diminished by the greatest distance, scarcely dissolved by death, and if
+it please God, to be renewed in heaven.--J. E. D., to whom the deceased
+bequeathed his books (and appointed joint residuary legatee), erected this
+monument."
+
+FRANCIS SMEDLEY.--Adjoining the Godolphin monument is a neat tablet to the
+memory of the above, who was High Bailiff of Westminster for twenty-two
+years. Born September 15, 1791; died February 25, 1859.
+
+The next is a monument that deserves particular attention, as it
+commemorates a charity, which otherwise might, in time, like many others,
+be perverted or forgotten. The inscription is as follows:--"Here rest, in
+hope of a blessed resurrection, CHARLES GODOLPHIN, Esq., brother of the
+Right Honourable Sydney, Earl of Godolphin, Lord High Treasurer of Great
+Britain, who died July 16, 1720, aged sixty-nine; and Mrs. GODOLPHIN, his
+wife, who died July 29, 1726, aged sixty-three; whose excellent qualities
+and endowments can never be forgotten, particularly the public-spirited
+zeal with which he served his country in Parliament, and the
+indefatigable application, great skill, and nice integrity, with which he
+discharged the trust of a Commissioner of Customs for many years. Nor was
+she less eminent for her ingenuity, with sincere love of her friends, and
+constancy in religious worship. But as charity and benevolence were the
+distinguishing parts of their characters, so were they most conspicuously
+displayed by the last act of their lives: a pious and charitable
+institution, by him designed and ordered, and by her completed to the
+glory of God, and for a bright example to mankind; the endowment whereof
+is a rent-charge of one hundred and eighty pounds a-year, issuing out of
+lands in Somersetshire, and of which, one hundred and sixty pounds a year
+are to be ever applied, from 24th June, 1726, to the educating eight young
+gentlewomen, who are so born, and whose parents are of the Church of
+England, whose parents or friends will undertake to provide them with
+decent apparel; and after the death of the said Mrs. Godolphin, and
+William Godolphin, Esq., her nephew, such as have neither father or
+mother; which said young gentlewomen are not to be admitted before they
+are eight years old, nor to be continued after the age of nineteen, and
+are to be brought up in the city of New Sarum, or some other town in the
+county of Wilts, under the care of some prudent governess or
+schoolmistress, a communicant of the Church of England; and the overplus,
+after an allowance of £5. a-year for collecting the said rent-charge, is
+to be applied to binding out one or more poor children apprentices, whose
+parents are of the Church of England. In perpetual memory whereof Mrs.
+Frances Hall, executrix to her aunt, Mrs. Godolphin, has, according to her
+will, and by her order, caused this inscription to be engraven on their
+monument, 1772."
+
+The next is a neat tablet, in memory of the Rev. EDWARD SMEDLEY, A.M.,
+Rector of Powderham, and of North Bovey, in the county of Devon, and from
+1774 to 1820, one of the Ushers of Westminster School; born Nov. 5, 1750,
+died August 6, 1825. Also of HANNAH, his wife, daughter of George Bellas,
+Esq.; born August 21, 1754, died October 17, 1824. This tablet is erected
+by their surviving children.
+
+  "To you, dear names, these filial thanks we give,
+  For more than life, for knowledge how to live--
+  For many a rule with holy wisdom fraught,
+  And works embodying the creed you taught;
+  For faith triumphant, tho' the lips which told
+  Its glowing lessons, now, alas! are cold;
+  Faith, which proclaiming that the dead but sleep,
+  Invites us home to those whom here we weep."
+
+--_Westmacott, jun., sculptor._
+
+On the left is a tablet with a coat of arms over, and a music-book under
+it:--"Near this place are deposited the remains of BENJAMIN COOKE, Doctor
+in Music of the Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, and Organist and
+Master of the Choristers of this Collegiate Church for above thirty years.
+He departed this life on the 14th of September, 1793, and in the
+fifty-ninth year of his age."
+
+ENOCH HAWKINS, Esq., Gentleman of her Majesty's Chapel Royal, and Vicar
+Choral of this Collegiate Church, who died on the 9th January, 1847, aged
+fifty.
+
+Upon a tablet that has emblems of music,--"To the memory of JAMES
+BARTLEMAN, formerly a Chorister and Lay-Clerk of Westminster Abbey, and
+Gentleman of his Majesty's Royal Chapel. He was born the 19th of
+September, 1769, died the 15th of April, 1821, and was buried in this
+Cloister, near his beloved master, Dr. Cooke."
+
+In this walk is erected a monument to W. BUCHAN, M.D., author of the
+Domestic Medicine, who died in 1805.
+
+A tablet with inscriptions, to Mr. JOHN BROUGHTON, and his wife Elizabeth;
+she died in 1714, and himself in 1789. Also R. MONK, Esq., died in 1831;
+his wife CATHERINE, 1832.
+
+"WILLIAM WOOLLETT, born August 22, 1735, died May 22, 1785." The genius of
+engraving is represented handing down to posterity the works of painting,
+sculpture, and architecture. A monument with his bust on the top.
+
+Near to this will be seen a tablet in memory of ELIZABETH WOODFALL,
+younger daughter of the late Henry Sampson Woodfall, having lived many
+years in Dean's Yard, contiguous to the Abbey, and died 12th February,
+1862, at the age of ninety-three.
+
+Having exceeded the bounds at first intended, we shall conclude in the
+words of an ingenious writer on the subject of this Abbey:--"I have
+wandered," says he, "with pleasure into the most gloomy recesses of this
+last resort of grandeur, to contemplate human life, and trace mankind
+through all the wilderness of their frailties and misfortunes, from their
+cradles to their graves. I have reflected on the shortness of our duration
+here, and that I was but one of the millions who had been employed in the
+same manner, in ruminating on the trophies of mortality before me; that I
+must moulder to dust in the same manner, and quit the scene to a new
+generation, without leaving the shadow of my existence behind me; that
+this huge fabric, the sacred depository of fame and grandeur, would only
+be the stage for the same performances; would receive new accessions of
+noble dust; would be adorned with other sepulchres of cost and
+magnificence; would be crowded with successive admirers; and, at last, by
+the unavoidable decays of time, bury the whole collection of antiquities
+in general obscurity, and be the monument of its own ruin."
+
+
+
+
+The Chapter House and Ancient House of Commons.
+
+
+On the left as you enter the Chapter House is a stone coffin which was
+found on the removal of the accumulated earth and rubbish which for many
+years had hidden the lower parts of the buttresses of the north side of
+the building; some ancient walls of considerable extent were discovered,
+and about five or six feet below the surface an ancient stone coffin was
+brought to light. It possesses great interest from its being the only
+Roman remains yet discovered. One side of it is beautifully wrought, with
+a sunk panel, having at each end the conventional Roman ornament called
+the Amazon shield, while the panel itself is occupied with the following
+inscription, in the best style of the old Roman lettering--
+
+  +-------------------------------+
+  |      MEMORIAE·VALER·AMAN      |
+  |     DINI·VALERI·SVPERVEN      |
+  |TOR·ET·MARCELLVS·PATRI·FE[CE]R.|
+  +-------------------------------+
+
+from which it appears to show that it is in memory of one Valerius
+Amandinus, and that his two sons made it to his honour. The lid is wrought
+with a slight cope, having a Maltese cross, terminating at the foot with a
+trefoil. There can be no doubt that the coffin once contained the body of
+this Valerius, which was afterwards displaced for the reception of an
+ecclesiastic, when the old lid was made in its present shape. The date of
+the first interment may be ascribed to the 3rd century, while the latter
+may belong to the 12th century. The skeleton within the coffin is in good
+preservation, considering the great lapse of time. There was nothing to
+indicate the rank of the ecclesiastic, for such he probably was; but he
+must have been a tall man, of great vigour, and barely of middle age.
+
+The Chapter House of Westminster was built in 1250, by Henry III., on the
+site of the earlier Chapter House belonging to the Abbey, as founded by
+Edward the Confessor. It was, from its beauty, called "The Incomparable
+Chapter House." It has been used for three purposes.
+
+I. It was the chamber in which the Abbot and Monks, in the times of the
+ancient monastery, held their "Chapter," or meeting for discussion and
+business; their meetings were held once a week. The Abbot and the four
+chief officers of the convent sat in the ornamented stalls opposite the
+entrance. The Monks sat on the stone seats round. The culprits, if there
+were any, knelt to receive their judgment before the Abbot's seat, and
+were scourged before the central pillar.
+
+II. Almost from the time of its first erection, it was used for the
+sittings of the House of Commons. The House of Commons came into existence
+in 1265, and at first sat in Westminster Hall with the House of Lords; but
+in 1282 they parted, and from that time for nearly 300 years its meetings
+were held in the precincts of Westminster Refectory (now destroyed), but
+usually in the Chapter House, which was lent to the Commons by the Abbot
+for that purpose. The Speaker probably sat in the Abbot's stall, and the
+Members of Parliament in the seats of the Monks, and on the floor of the
+house. To the central pillar were attached placards and notices relating
+to the business or the conduct of the Members. Here were the debates on
+all the Acts of Parliament, passed from the time of Edward I. till the
+Reformation. There also were, from time to time, convened other assemblies
+for special purposes. Henry V., in 1421, summoned a meeting of 60 Abbots
+and Priors, and 300 Monks to discuss the reform of the Benedictine order;
+and Wolsey, as Cardinal Legate, in 1523, summoned the convocations of
+Canterbury and York, in order to be on a spot beyond the jurisdiction of
+the Archbishop of Canterbury. The last Parliament which is known to have
+sat here was that which was assembled on the last day of the reign of
+Henry VIII. It will be seen that this building, from having for three
+centuries been the seat of the House of Commons, has been the scene of the
+chief acts which laid the foundation of civil and religious liberty of
+England, and was the cradle of representative and constitutional
+government, of Parliament, Legislative Chambers, and Congress throughout
+the world.
+
+III. On the dissolution of the Ancient Monastery in 1540, the Chapter
+House passed into the possession of the Crown; from that time the Dean and
+Chapter of Westminster have held their meetings in the Jerusalem Chamber.
+In 1547, the first year of Edward VI., the House of Commons was
+transferred to the Chapel of St. Stephen in the Palace of Westminster, in
+which they remained till it was burned down in 1834. From that time till
+1863 the Chapter House was used as the depository of the public records.
+During this period it was fitted up with book-shelves, which disfigured
+and concealed its beauties; its roof was taken down; its windows were
+filled up; and it was divided into two stories. In 1865, after the removal
+of the records to the Rolls House, in the 800th anniversary of the
+foundation of the Chapter House, in the 600th anniversary of the House of
+Commons, which it had so long sheltered, its restoration was undertaken at
+the request of the Society of Antiquaries, by Mr. Gladstone, as Chancellor
+of the Exchequer, and by Mr. Cowper Temple, as First Commissioner of
+Works, and the requisite sum granted by Parliament for the repairs, which,
+under Mr. Gilbert Scott, have restored it as nearly as possible to its
+original state. The roof has been entirely rebuilt. The paintings, which
+were concealed by the book-shelves, are now disclosed; those at the east
+end, over the stalls of the Abbot and his four chief officers, are of the
+14th century, and represent seraphs round the Throne of the Saviour. Those
+round the walls were painted in the 15th century, by one of the monks of
+the convent, named John of Northampton, and represent scenes from the
+Revelation of St. John, with pictures of fishes, birds, and beasts
+underneath. The figures on each side of the entrance, representing the
+Angel and the Virgin Mary, are ancient. The central figure is modern, but
+represents what was formerly there. The tiles on the floor, covered with
+curious heraldic emblems, are also now seen for the first time. The
+tracery of the windows has been restored after the model of the one which
+had been left uninjured on the northwest side. It still remains for them
+to be filled with stained glass, according to the original design.
+
+
+
+
+INDEX.
+
+
+  Abbey founded, 3
+
+  ---- rebuilt and endowed, 4
+
+  ---- pulled down and enlarged, 4
+
+  ---- Admission, Hours, &c. of, 2
+
+  Aberdeen, Earl of, 54
+
+  Addison, Joseph, 28, 101
+
+  Agar, Doctor, 69
+
+  Aiton, Sir Robert, 20
+
+  Albemarle, Dukes of, 24, 30
+
+  ---- Duchess of, 24
+
+  Alfred, Prince, 25
+
+  Altar Decoration, 12
+
+  Amelia, Princess, 25
+
+  André, Major, 91
+
+  Anne, Queen, James II.'s Daughter, 24
+
+  ---- Princess, 25
+
+  ---- Queen of James I., 27
+
+  ---- Queen of Richard II., 36
+
+  ---- Queen of Richard III., 113
+
+  Anstey, Christopher, 107
+
+  Argyle, Duke of, 28, 104
+
+  Arnold, Dr. Samuel, 64
+
+  Athelgoda, Queen of King Sebert, 11
+
+  Atkyns, Edward, and Sons, 103
+
+
+  Bagenall, Nicholas, 19
+
+  Baillie, Dr. Matthew, 45
+
+  Baker, John, 71
+
+  Balchen, Admiral, 59
+
+  Banks, Thomas, 73
+
+  Bankes, Cornet W. G. Hawtrey, 53
+
+  Barnard, Bishop, 37
+
+  ---- Major-Gen. Sir H. W., 53
+
+  Barrow, Isaac, D.D., 101
+
+  Barry, Sir Charles, 80
+
+  Bartleman, James, 123
+
+  Barton, Samuel, D.D., 114
+
+  Bath, Earl of, 32
+
+  Beauclerk, Lord, 61
+
+  Beaufoy, Mrs., 73
+
+  Beaumont, Francis, 115
+
+  Belasyse, Sir Henry, 30
+
+  Bell, Dr. Andrew, 98
+
+  Bentall, Harriet, 120
+
+  Bentinck, Archdeacon, 9
+
+  Beresford, Lieutenant, 41
+
+  Beverley, Countess of, 18
+
+  Bill, Dr. William, 11
+
+  Billson, Dr., 12
+
+  Bingham, Sir Richard, 93
+
+  Birch, Martha, 113
+
+  Blackwood, Sir Henry, 55
+
+  Blair and Bayne, Captains, 51
+
+  Blanch of the Tower, 14
+
+  Blois, Gervasius de, 118
+
+  Blow, John, Doc. Mus., 65
+
+  Bohun, Hugh de, and Mary, Grandchildren to Edward I., 38
+
+  Booth, Barton, 111
+
+  Boulter, Archbishop, 62
+
+  Bourchier, Lord, 32
+
+  Bourgchier, Sir Humphrey, 15
+
+  Bovey, Katherine, 86
+
+  Bradford, Bishop, 62
+
+  Bringfield, Colonel, 73
+
+  Brocas, Sir Bernard, 15
+
+  Bromley, Sir Thomas, 31
+
+  Broughton, John and Wife, 123
+
+  Browne, Thomas, 42
+
+  Brunel, I. K., 73
+
+  Bryan, Captain, 65
+
+  Buchan, Dr., 123
+
+  Buckingham, Countess of, 20
+
+  ---- Dukes of, 27
+
+  ---- Duchess of, 27
+
+  Buckland, Very Rev. W., D.D., 86
+
+  Buller, Right Hon. C., 56
+
+  Burland, Sir John, 97
+
+  Burleigh, Lady, 19
+
+  Burney, Dr. Charles, LL.D., 95
+
+  ---- Chas. Mus. D., 64
+
+  Busby, Richard, D.D., 114
+
+  Butler, Samuel, 110
+
+  Buxton, Sir Thomas Fowell, 63
+
+  Byrcheston, Abbot, 119
+
+
+  Campbell, Sir Archibald, 102
+
+  ---- Sir James, 102
+
+  ---- Thomas, LL.D., 107
+
+  Camden, William, 99
+
+  Canning, George, 49
+
+  Canning, Lord, 49
+
+  Cannon, Robert, D.D., 87
+
+  Carew, Baron, and Lady, 19
+
+  Carey, Thomas, 38
+
+  ---- Henry, Baron of Hunsdon, 38
+
+  Caroline, Queen, 25
+
+  ---- Princess, 25
+
+  Carteret, Philip, 70
+
+  ---- Edward de, 70
+
+  ---- Elizabeth, Lady, 68
+
+  Casaubon, Isaac, 100
+
+  Catling, John, 120
+
+  Cecil, Lady, 18
+
+  Chamberlain, Hugh, M.D., 63
+
+  Chapel of St. Benedict, 10
+
+  ---- St. Edmund, 13
+
+  ---- St. Nicholas, 18
+
+  ---- Henry VII., 21, 117
+
+  ---- St. Paul, 30
+
+  ---- St. Edward (& Shrine), 33
+
+  ---- St. John, 40
+
+  ---- Islip, Abbot, 40
+
+  ---- St. John the Evangelist, 42
+
+  ---- St. Andrew, 42
+
+  ---- St. Michael, 42
+
+  Chardin, Sir John, 90
+
+  Charles II., 24
+
+  Chatham, Earl of, 51
+
+  Chaucer, Geoffrey, 111
+
+  Cherbury, Baron of, 16
+
+  Children of Henry III. & Edw. I., 12
+
+  Choir, New, 5
+
+  Cholmondeley, Viscount & Sons, 71
+
+  Churchill, George, 92
+
+  Clanrickard, Countess of, 75
+
+  Claypole, Elizabeth, 28
+
+  Cleves, Ann of, 113
+
+  Clifford, Lady, 18
+
+  Clyde, Lord, 80
+
+  Cobden, Richard, 57
+
+  Colchester, William of, 39
+
+  Conduit, John, 81
+
+  Congreve, William, 84
+
+  Cook, Benjamin, Doc. Mus., 122
+
+  Cooke, Captain Edward, 43
+
+  Cooper, Ensign Lovick Emilius, 53
+
+  Coote, Sir Eyre, 55
+
+  Cornewall, Captain, 82
+
+  Coronation Chairs, 36
+
+  Cottington, Lord and Lady, 32
+
+  Cottrell, Clement, 89
+
+  Courayer, Peter Francis, 118
+
+  Courcy, Almericus de, 66
+
+  Cowley, Abraham, 112
+
+  Coxe, Sir Richard, 100
+
+  Craggs, Secretary, 83
+
+  Creed, Richard, Major, 92
+
+  ---- Richard, Lieutenant, 93
+
+  Crewe, Lady Juliana, 37
+
+  ---- Jane, 37
+
+  Crispinus, Geslebertus, 118
+
+  Croft, William, Doc. Mus., 65
+
+  Crokesley, Abbot, 17
+
+  Crouchback, Edmund, 40
+
+  Cumberland, Dukes of, 25
+
+
+  D'Almade, Henry, 37
+
+  Dalrymple, William, 97
+
+  Daubeny, Lord, and Lady, 31
+
+  Davenant, Sir William, 114
+
+  Davidson, Susannah Jane, 44
+
+  Davis, Colonel, 75
+
+  Davy, Sir Humphrey, 43
+
+  Denham, Sir James Stewart, 70
+
+  Dickens, Charles, 105
+
+  Dimensions, 4, 22, 118
+
+  Dodd, James William, 119
+
+  Dorchester, Viscount, 32
+
+  Douglas, Lady Margaret, 22
+
+  Draiton, Michael, 110
+
+  Dryden, John, 113
+
+  Dudley, William de, 19
+
+  Dunbar, Viscount, 69
+
+  Duppa, Bishop, 41
+
+  ---- Sir Thomas, 67
+
+  Duroure, Scipio and Alexander, 120
+
+
+  Eastney, Abbot, 41
+
+  Editha, Qn. to Edward the Confessor, 34
+
+  Edward the Confessor, 38
+
+  ---- I., 37
+
+  ---- III., and Children, 35
+
+  ---- V., 29
+
+  ---- VI., 26, 28
+
+  Edwardes, Sir H., 58
+
+  Egerton, James, 76
+
+  ---- Penelope, 75
+
+  Eland, Lady, 39
+
+  Eleanor, Queen to Edward I., 34
+
+  Elizabeth, Queen, 29
+
+  ---- Princess, 25
+
+  ---- of Bohemia, 23
+
+  Eltham, John of, 13
+
+  Essex, Countess of, 32
+
+  Evremond, Lord of St., 108
+
+  Exeter, Earl of, 39
+
+
+  Fairborne, Sir Palmes, 90
+
+  Fairholm, Sophia, 97
+
+  Fane, Sir George, and Lady, 19
+
+  Fascet, Abbot, 39
+
+  Ferne, Bishop, 17
+
+  Filding, Ann, 89
+
+  Fire, 4
+
+  Fleming, James, 88
+
+  Fletcher, Lieutenant-Colonel, 77
+
+  Folkes, Martin, 93
+
+  Follett, Sir William Webb, 54
+
+  Forbes, Benjamin and Richard, 46
+
+  Fox, Right Hon. Charles James, 76
+
+  Frederick William, Prince, 25
+
+  Freke, Elizabeth and Judith, 96
+
+  Friend, John, M.D., 84
+
+  Fullerton, Sir James, and Lady, 31
+
+
+  Galofre, Sir John, 12
+
+  Garrick, David, 99
+
+  Gay, John, 105
+
+  Gell, William Egerton, 121
+
+  George II., 25
+
+  ---- Prince, 24
+
+  Gethin, Grace, 96
+
+  Gifford, William, 99
+
+  Gloucester, Duke of, 23, 36
+
+  ---- Duchess of, 16
+
+  Godolphin, Earl, 90
+
+  ---- Charles, and Wife, 121
+
+  Goldsmith, Oliver, M.D., 104
+
+  Goodman, Gabriel, D.D., 10
+
+  Grabe, John Ernest, 99
+
+  Gray, Thomas, 109
+
+  Grote, George, 99
+
+  Guest, General, 59
+
+
+  Hales, Stephen, D.D., 100
+
+  Halifax, Earls of, 28, 58
+
+  ---- Marquis of, 29
+
+  Handel, George Frederick, 102
+
+  Hanway, Jonas, 57
+
+  Harbord, Sir Charles, 89
+
+  Hardy, Sir Thomas, 81
+
+  Hargrave, General, 89
+
+  Harley, Anna Sophia, 19
+
+  Harpedon, Sir John, 42
+
+  Harrison, John, Rear Admiral, 98
+
+  Harsnet, Carola, 88
+
+  Hastings, Warren, 56
+
+  Hatton, Sir Christopher, 40
+
+  Haule, Robert, slain in the Choir, 115
+
+  Hawkes, Walter, 120
+
+  Hawkins, Enoch, 123
+
+  Henry III., 34
+
+  ---- VII. and his Queen, 25
+
+  ---- of Monmouth, 35
+
+  ---- Prince of Wales, 23
+
+  Herbert, Edward, 72
+
+  Herries, Charles, 88
+
+  Hertford, Countess of, 10
+
+  Hervey and Hutt, Captains, 75
+
+  Heskett, Sir Thomas, and Lady, 63
+
+  Heylin, Peter, D.D., 68
+
+  Hill, Jane, 72
+
+  Holland, Baron, 77
+
+  Holles, Francis, 14
+
+  Holles, Sir George, 43
+
+  Holmes, Admiral, 33
+
+  Hope, Admiral Sir G., 77
+
+  ---- Brigadier the Hon. Adrian, 53
+
+  ---- General, 57
+
+  ---- Mary, 103
+
+  Horneck, Dr., 114
+
+  ---- William, 78
+
+  Horner, Francis, 56
+
+  Howe, Lord Viscount, 87
+
+  Hunter, John, 73
+
+  Hyde, Ann, Wife of James II., 23
+
+
+  Ingram, Sir Thomas, 20
+
+  Ireland, Dean, 87, 99
+
+  Islip, Abbot, 40
+
+
+  James I., 27
+
+  James, Dame Mary, 63
+
+  Johnstone, George Lindsay, 69
+
+  Jonson, Ben, 110
+
+  Julius, Captain William, 92
+
+
+  Kane, Richard, 62
+
+  Keble, John, 83
+
+  Kemble, John, 44
+
+  Kempenfelt, Admiral, 46
+
+  Kendall, Mrs., 39
+
+  ---- James, 94
+
+  Kerry, Earl and Countess of, 45
+
+  Kildare, Countess of, 11
+
+  Killigrew, Robert, 73
+
+  King, William, 96
+
+  Kirk, Percy, 62
+
+  Kirton, Abbot, 45
+
+  ---- Ann, 43
+
+  Kneller, Sir Godfrey, 96
+
+  Knights of the Bath, installation of, 24
+
+  Knipe, Thomas, 95
+
+  ---- Captains John and Robert, 96
+
+  Knollys, Lady, 14
+
+
+  Lake, Colonel, 77
+
+  Lancaster, Countess of, 40
+
+  Langham, Archbishop, 10
+
+  Laurence, William, 120
+
+  Laurentius, Abbot, 118
+
+  Lawrence, General, 75
+
+  Legendary Sculptures, 36
+
+  Le Neve, Richard, 68
+
+  Levinz, William, 74
+
+  Lewis, Sir George Cornewall, 55
+
+  Ligonier, Field-Marshal Lord, 47
+
+  Livingstone, Doctor, 80
+
+  Locke, Joseph, R.A., 70
+
+  Londonderry, Marquis of, 52
+
+  Londonderry, Lady, 120
+
+  Lort, Sir Gilbert, 47
+
+  Loten, John Gideon, 72
+
+  Louisa, Princess, 25
+
+  Lytton, Edward Bulwer, 17
+
+
+  Macaulay, Lord, 102
+
+  ---- Zachary, 78
+
+  Macintosh, Sir J., 76
+
+  Mackenzie, Hon. James Stuart, 104
+
+  Macleod, Lieutenant-Colonel, 30
+
+  Malcolm, Sir John, 48
+
+  Manners, Lord, 51
+
+  Manningham, General Coote, 58
+
+  Mansell, Thomas, 72
+
+  ---- Edward, 72
+
+  Mansfield, William, Earl, 52
+
+  Margaret, Edward IV.'s Daughter, 36
+
+  Markham, William, 121
+
+  Mary I., Queen, 29
+
+  ---- II., 24
+
+  ---- Queen of Scots, 23
+
+  Mary, Daughter of James I., 29
+
+  Mason, William, 109
+
+  Matilda, Queen of England, 34
+
+  Maurice, Frederick Denison, 38
+
+  Mead, Richard, M.D., 71
+
+  Methuen, John, 95
+
+  ---- Sir Paul, 95
+
+  Mexborough, Countess of, 39
+
+  Middlesex, Earl of, 11
+
+  Millyng, Bishop, 39
+
+  Milton, John, 109
+
+  Miserere, description of, 24
+
+  Monck, Bishop, 14
+
+  Monk, Bishop, 65
+
+  ---- R., and Wife, 123
+
+  Montague, Captain, 76
+
+  ---- Edward Wortley, 121
+
+  Montpensier, Duke of, 27
+
+  Moorsom, Capt. William Robert, 53
+
+  Morgan, William, 72
+
+  Mountrath, Earl and Countess of, 45
+
+  Murray, Sir Robert, 114
+
+
+  Newcastle, Dukes of, 49, 50
+
+  Newton, Sir Isaac, 78
+
+  Nightingale, J. Gascoigne, & Lady, 43
+
+  Norris, Lord, 44
+
+  North Aisle, 63
+
+  ---- Transept, 47
+
+  North-west Tower, 76
+
+  Northumberland, Duchess of, 20
+
+  Novello, Vincent, 47
+
+
+  Octavius, Prince, 25
+
+  Organ, 5
+
+  Oughton, Sir James, 41
+
+  Outram, William, D.D., 101
+
+  ---- General, 87
+
+  Owen, Thomas, 94
+
+  Oxford, Countess of, 19
+
+
+  Painted Glass, 9, 53, 73, 115
+
+  Palmerston, Lord, 51, 52
+
+  Paoli, Pasquale de, 94
+
+  Parry, Sir Thomas, 42
+
+  Pearce, Bishop, 85
+
+  Pecksall, Sir Richard, 15
+
+  Peel, Right Hon. Sir R., 47
+
+  Pembroke, Earl of, 16, 40
+
+  Perceval, Right Hon. Spencer, 71
+
+  Phillippa, Queen, 35
+
+  Phillips, John, 111
+
+  Pitt, Right Hon. William, 51, 81
+
+  Plenderleath, Dr. John, 67
+
+  Pocock, Sir George, 43
+
+  Pollock, Sir George, 80
+
+  Popham, Colonel, 38
+
+  Preston, George, 121
+
+  Price, Martha, 75
+
+  Prideaux, Sir Edmund, and Wife, 68
+
+  Priestman, Henry, 71
+
+  Pringle, Sir John, 100
+
+  Prior, Matthew, 108
+
+  Pritchard, Mrs., 106
+
+  Puckering, Sir John, 31
+
+  Pulpit, 80
+
+  Pulteney, Daniel, 118
+
+  Purcell, Henry, 65
+
+  Pym, John, 33
+
+
+  Radley, Bridget, 90
+
+  Raffles, Sir Thomas Stamford, 65
+
+  Rennell, Major, 78
+
+  Reredos, New, 6
+
+  Richard II., 36
+
+  Richardson, Sir Thomas, 98
+
+  Richmond, Duke of, 26
+
+  ---- Duchess of, 26
+
+  ---- Countess of, 23
+
+  Roberts, Humphrey, 42
+
+  ---- John, 112
+
+  Robinson, Sir Thomas and Lady, 103
+
+  Robinson, Sir Lumley, 84
+
+  Ross, Lady, 20
+
+  Rowe, Nicholas and Daughter, 105
+
+  Rupert, Prince, 23
+
+  Russel, Lady, 14
+
+  ---- Lord, and Son, 15
+
+  Ruthall, Bishop, 39
+
+
+  St. John, Lady, 19
+
+  Sandwich, Earl of, 30
+
+  Sanderson, Sir William, 59
+
+  Saunders, Clement, 48
+
+  Sausmarez, Captain Philip de, 64
+
+  Scott, Grace, 48
+
+  Screen at the back of the Organ, 78
+
+  Sebert, King, 11
+
+  Seymour, Lady Jane, 14
+
+  Shadwell, Thomas, 109
+
+  Shakspeare, 106
+
+  Sharp, Granville, 108
+
+  Shovel, Sir Cloudesley, 96
+
+  Shrewsbury, Earl of, and Lady, 15
+
+  Siddons, Mrs., 44
+
+  Smedley, Rev. Edward and Wife, 122
+
+  ---- Francis, 121
+
+  Smith, John, 88
+
+  Somerset, Duchess of, 18, 44
+
+  Sophia, Daughter of James I., 29
+
+  South Aisle, 83
+
+  ---- Transept, 99
+
+  South, Robert, D.D., 113
+
+  Southey, Robert, 107
+
+  Spelman, Sir Henry, 20
+
+  Spencer, Edmund, 110
+
+  Spotswood, Archbishop, 11
+
+  Sprat, Bishop, 20, 84
+
+  ---- Archdeacon, 20, 85
+
+  ---- George, 11
+
+  Stafford, Earls of, 13, 14
+
+  ---- Countess of, 14, 16
+
+  Stag, Motto on a, 101
+
+  Stained Glass Windows, 53
+
+  Stanhope, Earls of, 79
+
+  ---- Charles Banks, 78
+
+  Stanley, Lady Augusta, 21
+
+  Stanley, Sir Humphrey, 18
+
+  Staunton, Sir George, 67
+
+  Stephenson, Robert, 70, 80
+
+  Stepney, George, 95
+
+  Stewart, Arabella; 23
+
+  ---- Captain John, 72
+
+  Storr, Admiral, 47
+
+  Strode, General, 92
+
+  Stuart, Hon. Sir Charles, 46
+
+  ---- Esme, heart of, 26
+
+  Suffolk, Duchess of, 14
+
+  Sussex, Countess of, 32
+
+  Sutton, Rev. E. L., 67
+
+  Sword and Shield, 36
+
+
+  Taylor, Sir Robert, 99
+
+  Telford, Thomas, 45
+
+  Temple, Diana, 89
+
+  Teviot, Viscount, 69
+
+  Thackeray, W., 102
+
+  Thomas, Bishop, 86
+
+  Thomson, James, 106
+
+  Thornburgh, Gilbert, 71
+
+  Thynne, Capt. William Frederick, 53
+
+  ---- Thomas, murdered, 92
+
+  Thynne, William, 98
+
+  Tierney, George, 77
+
+  Tompion and Graham, 80
+
+  Totty, Admiral, 45
+
+  Townshend, Colonel, 90
+
+  Trigge, General Sir Thomas, 93
+
+  Triplett, Thomas, D.D., 101
+
+  Tudor, Elizabeth, 34
+
+  Tufton, Richard, 17
+
+  Twysden, Heneage, 74
+
+  Tyrrell, Admiral, 85
+
+
+  Usher, Archbishop, 33
+
+
+  Valence, William de, 16
+
+  Valois, Katharine, 20
+
+  Vaughan, Sir Thomas, 38
+
+  Vaults, Royal, 25, 26
+
+  Vere, Sir Francis, 43
+
+  Vernon, Admiral, 50
+
+  Vialls, Thomas, 119
+
+  Villettes, Lieutenant-General, 46
+
+  Villiers, Sir George, 20
+
+  Vincent, Hannah, 47
+
+  ---- William, 114
+
+  Vitalis, Abbot, 118
+
+
+  Wade, General, 87
+
+  Wager, Admiral, 51
+
+  Waldeby, Robert de, 16
+
+  Wales, Prince and Princess of, 25
+
+  Walpole, Lady, 24
+
+  Walsh, General, 119
+
+  Waltham, Bishop, 37
+
+  Warren, Sir Peter, 48
+
+  ---- Bishop, and Lady, 54, 60
+
+  Watson, Admiral, 59
+
+  Watt, James, 31
+
+  Watts, Isaac, D.D., 94
+
+  Webber, Edward Augustus, 121
+
+  Wemyss, Ann, 97
+
+  Wesley, John and Charles, 95
+
+  West, Admiral, 68
+
+  West End of the Nave, 78
+
+  Westmoreland, Countess of, 69
+
+  Wetenhall, Edward, M.D., 100
+
+  Wharton, Henry, 83
+
+  Whytell, Ann, 72
+
+  Wilberforce, William, 66
+
+  Willcocks, Bishop, 85
+
+  William III., 24
+
+  Williams, Charles, 69
+
+  Wilson, Sir A. and Lady, 73
+
+  Winchester, Marchioness of, 19
+
+  Windsor, William of, 14
+
+  ---- John of, 33
+
+  Wintringham, Sir Clifton, 57
+
+  Wolfe, General, 41
+
+  Woodfall, Elizabeth, 123
+
+  Woodford, Lieut.-Col. Charles J., 53
+
+  Woodward, John, M.D., 74
+
+  Woollett, William, 123
+
+  Wordsworth, William, 83
+
+  Wragg, William, 96
+
+  Wyat, James, 100
+
+
+  York, Duke of, 25
+
+  ---- Duchess of, 20
+
+  Young, Dr., 44
+
+
+[Illustration: GROUND PLAN OF WESTMINSTER ABBEY.]
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Notes:
+
+Passages in italics are indicated by _italics_.
+
+The original text includes Greek characters that have been replaced with
+transliterations in this text version.
+
+The original text includes a letter "E" inside of a letter "C". This is
+represented as [CE] in this text version.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Description of Westminster
+Abbey, by Anonymous
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 41195 ***