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diff --git a/40851-h/40851-h.htm b/40851-h/40851-h.htm index e6aac68..f91e3da 100644 --- a/40851-h/40851-h.htm +++ b/40851-h/40851-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> The Project Gutenberg eBook of Abridgment Of The Debates Of Congress Vol. 2. @@ -154,46 +154,7 @@ table { </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Abridgment of the Debates of Congress, from -1789 to 1856, Vol. II (of 16), by Thomas Hart Benton - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Abridgment of the Debates of Congress, from 1789 to 1856, Vol. II (of 16) - -Author: Thomas Hart Benton - -Release Date: September 23, 2012 [EBook #40851] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DEBATES OF CONGRESS, 1789-1856, VOL 2 *** - - - - -Produced by Curtis Weyant, Josephine Paolucci and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. -(This file was produced from scans of public domain works -at the University of Michigan's Making of America -collection.) - - - - - - -</pre> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40851 ***</div> <hr class="chap" /> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 492px;"> @@ -2847,7 +2808,7 @@ of prosperity, which the gentleman compared to specks in the sun. That gentleman speaks as though he lived at a distance. Has he heard of no commercial distresses, when violations so unprecedented have of late occurred? One merchant has to look for his property at Halifax, another -at Bermuda, another at Cape Françoise, another at Gonaives, &c.; all +at Bermuda, another at Cape Françoise, another at Gonaives, &c.; all agree that they have suffered, and that by the war. These are distresses gentlemen would not like to feel themselves. Mr. S. said he had felt for these occurrences. We are not exempt from troubles: probably we may have @@ -4224,7 +4185,7 @@ from the nation. They only want a medium to act upon—an act of incorporation.</p> <p>The <span class="smcap">President</span> has generously signified his intention to make a valuable -benefaction, not less than £5000 sterling, and the wise and good in all +benefaction, not less than £5000 sterling, and the wise and good in all parts of the United States would probably follow his example, particularly in that neighborhood, if Congress would put them in a way to receive it; a building would then be begun and some advances made @@ -4414,7 +4375,7 @@ this resolution would have a dangerous tendency, inasmuch as it would encourage a neglect of insurance. But the evil has come; the unfortunate circumstance has occurred; four-fifths of that unfortunate city has been destroyed, and their distress is great. Such a circumstance may not -again happen for a century. The amazing value of £500,000 sterling +again happen for a century. The amazing value of £500,000 sterling damages is done; and shall we refuse to give a trifle to assist, with others, towards removing the present distressed situation of some of the unfortunate inhabitants? I trust not. It is not asked of the House to @@ -4448,7 +4409,7 @@ the subject, whether to give or not to our own citizens? Although, he said, he would not wish to draw a precedent from English transactions, yet he would observe that their generous benevolence to the unfortunate sufferers by the earthquake at Lisbon, though only commercially -acquainted was worth imitation, to whom they gave £100,000. Mr. H. was +acquainted was worth imitation, to whom they gave £100,000. Mr. H. was sorry gentlemen should endeavor to prevent this by bringing in the calamities in New York and Charleston. Those were only personal losses; this was a general conflagration, a catastrophe unprecedented; and he<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> @@ -4474,7 +4435,7 @@ them over the whole community, instead of suffering them to fall upon the heads of a few individuals? He thought it the duty of Government to alleviate such peculiar distress as the present. It was said this would prove a dangerous precedent, and prevent necessary provisions against -fire. If they were about to make good the whole of the £500,000 +fire. If they were about to make good the whole of the £500,000 destroyed, there might be some ground for the alarm; but when fifteen or twenty thousand dollars only were contemplated to be given, no great danger could surely be apprehended. The fires at New York, Baltimore, @@ -5748,7 +5709,7 @@ Representatives from those States wishing it to take place; but, by so apportioning the tax, would not the landholders in the Southern States pay less than the landholders in parts of the Union where no slaves were kept? He believed they would. A person, for instance, in New Hampshire, -holding the value of £1,000 in land, would pay a larger portion of the +holding the value of £1,000 in land, would pay a larger portion of the tax than a holder of land to the same extent in Virginia. He believed this would be unjust, and an objection to this mode of taxing the Southern States, as, though the tax would fall more equally on them, it @@ -5990,7 +5951,7 @@ operated in a very oppressive manner in some parts of the Southern States, and scarcely have been felt at all in other parts of those States; and yet, this would appear to be the opinion of the gentleman from New Hampshire;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span> for, he said, if this law passed, a person -possessing landed property in New Hampshire, of the value of £1,000, +possessing landed property in New Hampshire, of the value of £1,000, would pay more than a landholder to that amount in the Southern States. And was this, he asked, a subject of regret? If the State of Virginia paid the amount required of her in a manner which bore most equally upon @@ -16360,7 +16321,7 @@ $1,014,450, and the sum of $350,000 for the yearly expense of keeping them in service, repairs inclusive.]</p></div> <p>This statement showed, Mr. G. said, that these frigates had cost about -£2,000 sterling a gun, though the common calculation in Great Britain +£2,000 sterling a gun, though the common calculation in Great Britain was only half that sum. If, from building the frigates, they turned to the expense of manning them, the same conclusion would be drawn. They found that the pay of an able-bodied seaman in the British navy had @@ -16384,7 +16345,7 @@ Denmark or Sweden.</p> <p>Mr. <span class="smcap">Swanwick</span> believed the expense of these frigates had been much greater than any future ones would be. When they were told they had cost -£2,000 sterling a gun, it was evident there must have been great +£2,000 sterling a gun, it was evident there must have been great extravagance in the expense, as merchant vessels might be built as cheaply in this country as in any other. He supposed the extra expense had been owing to the want of some regular establishment to overlook the @@ -16471,8 +16432,8 @@ be sordid and avaricious. If these frigates had been provided four years ago, he believed all our present difficulties would have been prevented, and a sum vastly less than that of which we had been robbed would have done the business. Mr. A. denied that ships of war could now be built in -England for £1,000 a gun; that was formerly the price, but they now cost -£1,500 per gun.</p> +England for £1,000 a gun; that was formerly the price, but they now cost +£1,500 per gun.</p> <p>Mr. <span class="smcap">Nicholas</span> had always been of opinion, that the expense of these frigates was a useless expense; he did not believe a case could happen, @@ -18670,7 +18631,7 @@ Marshall, one of our late Envoys Extraordinary to the French Republic, at a place of safety, where he is justly held in honor, I think it my duty to communicate to you a letter received by him from Mr. Gerry, the only one of the -three who has not received his <i>congé</i>. This letter, +three who has not received his <i>congé</i>. This letter, together with another, from the Minister of Foreign Relations to him, of the third of April, and his answer of the fourth, will show the situation in which he remains; @@ -25220,7 +25181,7 @@ make it as little mischievous as possible. For he had told the committee that France had set at naught her treaty with us; but though they have done this, said Mr. P., they have endeavored to justify their depredations, by insisting that, according to that treaty, it was -necessary for vessels to carry a <i>rôle d'equipage</i>. Mr. P. added, there +necessary for vessels to carry a <i>rôle d'equipage</i>. Mr. P. added, there was another Order of the French Government which was so contrary to right, so cruel in its consequences, so degrading to this country, and so inhuman in its tendency, that he could not avoid noticing it. It was @@ -30801,7 +30762,7 @@ treaty. They have saved to Philadelphia about a half a million of dollars. With respect to Spain, he believed her disposition towards us to be friendly, and that an injury offered by them to us was done at the instigation of another country. Again, we have received, under the late -treaty with Great Britain, £100,000 sterling for damages sustained by +treaty with Great Britain, £100,000 sterling for damages sustained by her depredations, and from Spain $300,000 have been awarded on the same account. So that no comparison could possibly be made between the treatment we experienced from France and those countries. She makes no @@ -32328,7 +32289,7 @@ Marshall, one of our late Envoys Extraordinary to the French Republic, at a place of safety, where he is justly held in honor, I think it my duty to communicate to you a letter received by him from Mr. Gerry, the only one of the -three who has not received his congé. This letter, together +three who has not received his congé. This letter, together with another from the Minister of Foreign Relations to him, of the third of April, and his answer of the fourth, will show the situation in which he remains, his intentions and @@ -36118,7 +36079,7 @@ what is the disposition of the Executive with respect to this business, so far as it shall have come to the knowledge of any of these gentlemen. He would also be glad to know the disposition of this agent, or the nature of his object, at least so much of it as may have escaped at any -<i>petit soupér</i> or <i>dinér</i>, at which these gentlemen may have been +<i>petit soupér</i> or <i>dinér</i>, at which these gentlemen may have been parties? If any such information could be obtained, it might tend to throw some light upon the subject. If he should be mistaken in his views of it, it would be wholly owing to his being deprived of that @@ -36246,7 +36207,7 @@ effect? So far as his (Mr. S.'s) information went, he did.</p> Rigaud has not only prevented American vessels from being condemned, but has thrown the captains of privateers into prison for daring to bring in American vessels, and has caused such as have been carried into -Jacquemel, on account of not having a <i>rôle d'equipage</i>, to be delivered +Jacquemel, on account of not having a <i>rôle d'equipage</i>, to be delivered up immediately. Victor Hugues, upon the recall of Mr. Adet, ordered that all vessels carrying on trade to what he called rebel ports, should be brought in and made legal prizes of. This was another separate @@ -36470,7 +36431,7 @@ country. This was reversing the case.</p> <p>With respect to the three points stated generally by the Secretary of State, they are not said to go to the point for which the gentleman from -Virginia has taken them. With regard to the <i>douceur</i> of £50,000, Mr. P. +Virginia has taken them. With regard to the <i>douceur</i> of £50,000, Mr. P. would say, that if we believe this attempt to have been made to extort this sum of money from our Envoys, for corrupt purposes, (and notwithstanding all that has been said on the subject, he did believe @@ -37000,7 +36961,7 @@ JOHN ADAMS.</p> Plenipotentiary of the United States at London, to the Secretary of State, dated November 16, 1798.</i></h4> -<p>"The annexed arrêt would appear extravagant and incredible, +<p>"The annexed arrêt would appear extravagant and incredible, if it proceeded from any other authority; but mankind is so accustomed to the violence and injustice of France, that we almost cease to express our surprise and indignation at the @@ -37042,7 +37003,7 @@ notified to those powers which are neutral or allied to the French Republic.</p> <p>4th. The Ministers of Exterior Relations is charged with -the execution of the present arrêt which shall be printed +the execution of the present arrêt which shall be printed in the Bulletin of the Laws.</p> <p class="right"> @@ -37204,7 +37165,7 @@ appertaining to a navy, what will be the sum necessary to support a navy of any extent here? Suppose a navy should only be one-tenth part of the British, and instead of 120 ships-of-the-line, we should be content with twelve. The expense, according to the British rate of expenditure, would -be £600,000 sterling, nearly three millions of dollars a year; but when +be £600,000 sterling, nearly three millions of dollars a year; but when we know that we pay three times as much for our seamen as they do, it is impossible precisely to calculate what the expense would be.</p> @@ -37784,7 +37745,7 @@ country.</p> <p>But the gentleman from South Carolina says, this is the cheapest mode of defence; but does the gentleman prove this? Can he prove that -£10,000,000 sterling is only the third part of the expense of defence, +£10,000,000 sterling is only the third part of the expense of defence, as he says? Does he not recollect how much of the revenue of that country goes to pay the interest of their enormous debt, and, therefore, cannot be considered as a part of the expenditure for defence? The @@ -37878,7 +37839,7 @@ passed by the same vote].<a name="FNanchor_44_44" id="FNanchor_44_44"></a><a hre <p>Mr. <span class="smcap">Livingston</span> called up for consideration the resolution which he yesterday laid upon the table, calling upon the <span class="smcap">President</span> for any information which he may possess touching the suspension of the French -arrêt, declaring neutral citizens pirates when found on board the +arrêt, declaring neutral citizens pirates when found on board the vessels of belligerent powers; which being read,</p> <p>Mr. L. called the yeas and nays upon it. He said he understood that, @@ -37937,11 +37898,11 @@ States</span>:</p> <p>In pursuance of the request, in your resolve of yesterday, I lay before you such information as I have received, -touching a suspension of the arrêt of the French Republic, +touching a suspension of the arrêt of the French Republic, communicated to your House by my Message of the 28th of -January last. But if the execution of that arrêt be +January last. But if the execution of that arrêt be suspended, or even if it were repealed, it should be -remembered that the arrêt of the Executive Directory of the +remembered that the arrêt of the Executive Directory of the 2d of March, 1797, remains in force, the third article of which subjects explicitly and exclusively American seamen to be treated as pirates, if found on board ships of the @@ -37959,8 +37920,8 @@ Plenipotentiary, &c., London, to the Secretary of State, dated 28th November, 1798.</i></h4> <p>"Annexed I send you a copy of a note from Lord Grenville, -respecting the French arrêt transmitted to you with my No. -9. A late French paper contains a second arrêt which +respecting the French arrêt transmitted to you with my No. +9. A late French paper contains a second arrêt which postpones the execution of the first."</p></div> @@ -40774,7 +40735,7 @@ also.</p> the time of the House; but he found himself called upon to say a few words. It was a painful reflection, he said, that any nation in the world should deliberately pass a legislative act for the purpose of -authorizing the commission of murder; for the <i>arrêt</i> of the French +authorizing the commission of murder; for the <i>arrêt</i> of the French Republic was nothing less than a law for putting innocent men to death. An instance like it could not be found on record. In time of war retaliation is found necessary to prevent the enormities of an enemy. @@ -41265,9 +41226,9 @@ Executive Directory his letters of recall, and my letters of credence as Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States of America, and that the Directory had instructed you to notify him "qu'il ne reconnoitra et ne recevra plus -de Ministre Plenipotentiaire des Etats Unis jusqu'après le -redressement des griefs demandé au Gouvernement Americain, -et que la République Françoise est en droit d'en attendre." +de Ministre Plenipotentiaire des Etats Unis jusqu'après le +redressement des griefs demandé au Gouvernement Americain, +et que la République Françoise est en droit d'en attendre." [That it will not acknowledge nor receive any Minister Plenipotentiary from the United States, until after the redress of the grievances demanded of the American @@ -41332,9 +41293,9 @@ of Mr. Monroe's letters of recall, and that the Executive Directory had charged him to notify to Mr. Monroe (here he read the quotation contained in the letter) qu'il ne reconnoitra et ne recevra plus de Ministre Plenipotentiaire -des Etats Unis, jusqu'après le redressement des griefs -demandé au Gouvernement Americain, et que la République -Françoise est en droit d'en attendre. Which notification +des Etats Unis, jusqu'après le redressement des griefs +demandé au Gouvernement Americain, et que la République +Françoise est en droit d'en attendre. Which notification the Directory relied upon Mr. Monroe's imparting to his own Government, as well as communicating to General Pinckney."</p> @@ -41401,7 +41362,7 @@ intentions should be made known to me in a more explicit manner upon both points; that, at the same time, he must inform me that, in all probability, M. De la Croix would not be the organ through which they would be addressed, as -the Minister of the <i>Police Générale</i> would be the officer +the Minister of the <i>Police Générale</i> would be the officer under whose department my case would come. I replied that I apprehended M. De la Croix was the proper organ through which information should come to me, as he knew the @@ -41538,7 +41499,7 @@ already lasted near half an hour; during which I had not been admitted to the honor of a seat." [<i>Dec. 26.</i></p></div> <p>The written order to quit the territory of the Republic did not come: -General Pinckney would not depart without it: the <i>Police Générale</i> did +General Pinckney would not depart without it: the <i>Police Générale</i> did not molest him; two months elapsed, when Buonaparte having gained a great victory over the Austrians in Italy, the day after the arrival of the news of it in Paris, he received the following notification from the @@ -42072,14 +42033,14 @@ reluctantly complied with on the 23d, and with M. Z. called on M. Talleyrand, who, not being then at his office, appointed the 28th for the interview. After the first introduction, M. Talleyrand began the conference. He said -that the Directory had passed an arrêt, which he offered +that the Directory had passed an arrêt, which he offered for perusal, in which they had demanded of the Envoys an explanation of some part, and a reparation for others, of the President's speech to Congress, of the 16th of May: he was sensible, he said, that difficulties would exist on the part of the Envoys relative to this demand; but that by their offering money, he thought he could prevent the -effect of the arrêt. M. Z., at the request of Mr. Gerry, +effect of the arrêt. M. Z., at the request of Mr. Gerry, having stated that the Envoys have no such powers, M. Talleyrand replied, they can, in such a case, take a power on themselves; and proposed that they should make a loan. A @@ -42093,7 +42054,7 @@ interview, as before stated, sent for Gens. Pinckney and Marshall, and read it to them in the presence of M. Z., who confirmed it. Generals Pinckney and Marshall then desired M. Z. to inform M. Talleyrand that they had nothing to add -to this conference, and did not wish that the arrêt might +to this conference, and did not wish that the arrêt might be delayed on their account.</p> <p class="right"> @@ -42289,7 +42250,7 @@ intrigues, and that no hopes remained of wheedling or terrifying them into a compliance, that two of them were then sent away, and with marks of insult and contempt.</p></div> -<p>The Directory at that time were: Barras, Merlin, Siéyes, Gohier, and +<p>The Directory at that time were: Barras, Merlin, Siéyes, Gohier, and Roger Ducos,—whose government Buonaparte soon after overthrew, and drove the two first from France, with the epithet "<i>rotten</i>" applied to them. The American Ministers were censured by some of their @@ -47004,7 +46965,7 @@ Government has no power over it. With respect to that part of the petition which said that these people were crowded into cellars and transported to Georgia, Mr. J. informed the House that the importation to that State by sea had been prohibited; none had come there by sea for -many years, and offenders against that law were fined £100 sterling for +many years, and offenders against that law were fined £100 sterling for each individual thus introduced. He hoped the petition would be treated with the contempt it merited, and thrown under the table.</p> @@ -47738,7 +47699,7 @@ been executed agreeably to a court martial, and that he confessed himself to be an Irishman; and it further appears, by the Hermione's books, that he was born at Waterford; on the 21st December, 1792, entered a volunteer -on board the Dover, received £3 bounty money, and was +on board the Dover, received £3 bounty money, and was removed to the Hermione, 28th of January, 1793. And with respect to transmitting the minutes of his trial, that is not in my power, but rests with the Lords of the Admiralty @@ -50377,7 +50338,7 @@ Navy, in compliance with the instructions of the House, respecting the engagement which occurred between the frigate Constellation and a French ship-of-war.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_471" id="Page_471">[Pg 471]</a></span> The report enclosed a letter from Captain Truxton, detailing the action, and also extracts of letters from the American -Consul at Curaçoa, and one from the American agent at St. Kitts, +Consul at Curaçoa, and one from the American agent at St. Kitts, respecting the disabled state of the French ship La Vengeur. As to any particular specimen of valor, the Secretary received no information; but that all the officers and men had acted with the most unexampled bravery @@ -63847,18 +63808,18 @@ appearance of a philosophical assembly.</p> <p>"That dumb Legislature will immortalize your name"—is said to have been the language of a certain distinguished General to a certain nominal -Abbé, who has been represented as having pigeon-holes full of +Abbé, who has been represented as having pigeon-holes full of constitutions of his own making. During the memorable night at St. Cloud, when the French Council of Ancients, and Council of Five Hundred, were adjourned—to meet no more—it may be recollected, the powers of executive government were provisionally committed to three persons, -styled Consuls, and two of them were the General and the Abbé. From each +styled Consuls, and two of them were the General and the Abbé. From each of the Councils, twenty-five members were selected, to compose a commission, and assist the provisional Consuls in preparing a constitution for France. Of the numerous projects of constitutions -presented by the Abbé, it is said no part was finally adopted except the +presented by the Abbé, it is said no part was finally adopted except the plan of a dumb Legislature. This, the General instantly seized with -apparent enthusiasm, exclaiming to the Abbé, "that dumb Legislature will +apparent enthusiasm, exclaiming to the Abbé, "that dumb Legislature will immortalize your name!" And it was determined to have a <i>corps legislatif</i> that should vote, but not debate.</p> @@ -66684,7 +66645,7 @@ have enough to do for the money which is paid them.</p> gauntlet which had been so proudly thrown by the Goliath of the adverse party; not but that he believed even his feeble powers, armed with the simple weapon of truth, a sling and a stone, capable of prostrating on -the floor that gigantic boaster, armed cap-à-pie as he was; but that he +the floor that gigantic boaster, armed cap-à -pie as he was; but that he was impelled by the desire to rescue from misrepresentation the arguments of his colleague, (Mr. <span class="smcap">Giles</span>,) who was now absent during indisposition. That absence, said Mr. R., is a subject of peculiar @@ -67903,8 +67864,8 @@ liberties of Rome? The courtier of the people; one who professed to be "the man of the people," who had willed his fortune to the people, and had exposed his will to the public eye; a man who, when a Crown was proffered to him, shrunk from the offer, and affectedly said, it did not -come from the people. It was Julius Cæsar who prostrated the liberties -of Rome; and yet Cæsar professed to be the friend of Rome, to be in fact +come from the people. It was Julius Cæsar who prostrated the liberties +of Rome; and yet Cæsar professed to be the friend of Rome, to be in fact the people. Who was it, that, in England, destroyed the Representative Government, and concentrated all its powers in his own hands? One who styled himself the man of the people; who was plain, nay studiously @@ -67930,7 +67891,7 @@ abhorrence, he and I can never agree in our opinions on Government.</p> <p>Whether another honorable gentleman from Virginia (Mr. <span class="smcap">Randolph</span>) has derived all the service from his sling and his stone he had expected, or whether he feels acquitted of his promise, and now thinks himself -capable of prostrating the Goliath of this House, armed cap-à-pie with +capable of prostrating the Goliath of this House, armed cap-à -pie with the constitution of his country, I cannot conjecture. Whether he has discovered the skill and the prowess of David, or whether he is likened to him only by the weapons he wars with, it is for the committee to @@ -69062,7 +69023,7 @@ ability or their inclination to do justice.</p> <p>Mr. <span class="smcap">Dana</span>.—If I understood the honorable member from New York, he admitted the propriety of making some indemnity; and if so, I could not -understand why he dwelt so elaborately upon the minutiæ of detail, to +understand why he dwelt so elaborately upon the minutiæ of detail, to show why we ought not to indemnify. Nor can I yet understand him, unless his object be to let the subject sleep, and to say that the longer it is delayed, the less chance of reparation.</p> @@ -72787,7 +72748,7 @@ your Secretary of State. The destinies of France were then in the hands of monsters. By the decree of Heaven she was broken on the wheel, in the face of the world, to warn mankind of her folly and madness. But these scenes have passed away. On the throne of the Bourbons is now seated the -first of the Gallic Cæsars. At the head of that gallant nation is the +first of the Gallic Cæsars. At the head of that gallant nation is the great—the greatest—man of the present age. It becomes us well to consider his situation. The things he has achieved, compel him to the achievement of things more great. In his vast career, we must soon @@ -72825,7 +72786,7 @@ the interests of my country to the goodness of his heart.</p> New Orleans and of Louisiana to France. Whether the Floridas have also been ceded is not yet certain. It has been said, as from authority, and I think it probable. Now, sir, let us note the time and the manner of -this cession. It was at or immediately after the treaty of Lunéville, at +this cession. It was at or immediately after the treaty of Lunéville, at the first moment when France could take up a distant object of attention. But had Spain a right to make this cession without our consent? Gentlemen have taken it for granted that she had. But I deny @@ -77375,7 +77336,7 @@ enterprises, knowing, that if they had made unfortunate calculations, that by a surrender of their effects they might again engage in commercial pursuits. And though a man might be discharged from his contracts, the sense of moral obligation was not impaired—in <i>foro -conscientiæ</i> he was still answerable. He would not deny that frauds were +conscientiæ</i> he was still answerable. He would not deny that frauds were committed, but for this should the honest debtor be eternally fettered with his debts? Should he, from unavoidable accidents, be cast into prison, and his family reduced to misery and distress? He was sure that @@ -77659,7 +77620,7 @@ knew, were not; but it was equally clear that some of them were. This complicated mass of applications could be examined by a committee, who could draw some distinctions that would be useful. They could tell, for instance, that one sort were lawful captures for and on account of -contraband, others for want of a <i>rôle d'équipage</i>, others were taken +contraband, others for want of a <i>rôle d'équipage</i>, others were taken wrongfully, without any cause whatever, and the like. Some judgment might be formed in this way of the probable amount that might be contemplated as bona fide claims. He suspected this amount would be but @@ -84009,7 +83970,7 @@ against any reference in one House to what was done in the other.</p></div> <div class="footnote"> -<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> Valued by a speaker in this debate at £5000 sterling, and +<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> Valued by a speaker in this debate at £5000 sterling, and afterwards given to the Washington College, Lexington, Va.</p></div> <div class="footnote"> @@ -85080,385 +85041,7 @@ confided.</p></div> <p><a name="Footnote_77_77" id="Footnote_77_77"></a><a href="#FNanchor_77_77"><span class="label">[77]</span></a> Above forty years afterwards, to wit, in 1846, the Virginia part of the District was retroceded to that State.</p></div></div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Abridgment of the Debates of Congress, -from 1789 to 1856, Vol. II (of 16), by Thomas Hart Benton - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DEBATES OF CONGRESS, 1789-1856, VOL 2 *** - -***** This file should be named 40851-h.htm or 40851-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/8/5/40851/ - -Produced by Curtis Weyant, Josephine Paolucci and the -Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net. -(This file was produced from scans of public domain works -at the University of Michigan's Making of America -collection.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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