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diff --git a/40681-h/40681-h.htm b/40681-h/40681-h.htm index 68ca7f0..2f5dc6b 100644 --- a/40681-h/40681-h.htm +++ b/40681-h/40681-h.htm @@ -2,10 +2,10 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> - The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Greville Memoirs (Third Part), Vol. 2, by Charles C. F. Greville. + The Proj Gutenberg eBook of The Greville Memoirs (Third Part), Vol. 2, by Charles C. F. Greville. </title> <link rel="coverpage" href="images/title.jpg" /> <style type="text/css"> @@ -108,53 +108,12 @@ td {vertical-align: top;} </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Greville Memoirs (Third Part) Volume II -(of II), by Charles Cavendish Fulke Greville - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Greville Memoirs (Third Part) Volume II (of II) - A Journal of the Reign of Queen Victoria from 1852 to 1860 - -Author: Charles Cavendish Fulke Greville - -Editor: Henry Reeve - -Release Date: October 9, 2013 [EBook #40681] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GREVILLE MEMOIRS, VOLUME II *** - - - - -Produced by Paul Murray, Val Wooff and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> - - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40681 ***</div> <div class="transnote"> <p>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTES</p> <p>The Third Part of The Greville Memoirs contains two volumes, of which -this is the second. The first volume is available from Project Gutenberg +this is the second. The first volume is available from Proj Gutenberg at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/40680">http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/40680</a></p> <p>All spellings are as they appeared in the original text save for those that were obviously printer's errors.</p> <p>All phrases that are in languages other than English have been italicised for consistency.</p> @@ -265,7 +224,7 @@ Policy to Brazil <i>page</i> 35</p> <p><a href="#CHAPTER_XIII">CHAPTER XIII.</a><br /></p> -<p>State of England after the War—Prussia and Neufch�tel—Sir Robert Peel's +<p>State of England after the War—Prussia and Neufch�tel—Sir Robert Peel's Account of the Russian Coronation—An Historical Puzzle—The Death of Princess Lieven—Mr. Spurgeon's Preaching—Mr. Gladstone in Opposition—Tit for Tat—Difficult Relations with France—Lord John @@ -331,7 +290,7 @@ Liberal Declarations—Dinner to Mr. Buckle—Instability of the Governm Disraeli's sanguine Views—India—Prospects of the new Government—A Visit to the Due d'Aumale—Delicate Relations with France—Lord John Russell and Lord Palmerston—Irritation of the -Whigs—Marshal P�lissier Ambassador in London—The Peelites and the +Whigs—Marshal P�lissier Ambassador in London—The Peelites and the Whigs—Failure of the India Bill—An Overture from Lord John Russell—Dissensions of the Whigs—Lord Derby resolves to remain in Office—Lord John Russell proposes to deal with the India Bill by Resolutions—Mistake @@ -356,7 +315,7 @@ in the Liberal Party—The Queen and her Ministers—Lord Stanley at the India Office—The Queen's Letter to the Prince of Wales—Reform Speeches and Projects—Lord Palmerston's Confidence—Prosecution of Count Montalembert in France—Lord Clarendon's Visit -to Compi�gne—The Emperor's Designs on Italy—The Emperor and the +to Compi�gne—The Emperor's Designs on Italy—The Emperor and the Pope—Approach of War—Lord Palmerston's Prudent Language—Lord Palmerston's Italian Sympathies—The Electric Telegraph—Opposition in France to the War—The Emperor's Prevarication—Opening of @@ -412,7 +371,7 @@ Lord Derby—Opposition to the Commercial Treaty—The Reform Bill of to the Treaty and the Budget—Triumph of Mr. Gladstone—The Italian Correspondence—Democratic Opinions of Mr. Gladstone—Introduction of the Reform Bill—The Annexation of Savoy and Nice—Annexation -of Tuscany to Piedmont—The D�nouement of the Plot—Complete +of Tuscany to Piedmont—The D�nouement of the Plot—Complete Apathy of the Country as to Reform—Lord Derby declines to interfere—Lord John's adverse Declaration to France—Consequences of Lord John's Speech against France—Our Position in Europe—Anecdote @@ -572,7 +531,7 @@ for in the more<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></sp to general policy, it would be far wiser to leave the power of Russia undiminished. Germany has nothing to fear from Russia, for the notion of her being eternally animated with designs of conquest in every direction is a mere -chim�ra which the people who propagate it do not themselves believe. The part +chim�ra which the people who propagate it do not themselves believe. The part she has played for many years past has been that of a pacificator, and her only intervention has been to appease quarrels, and resist the progress of democracy and revolution. In 1848 it was the authority of the Emperor Nicholas which @@ -749,7 +708,7 @@ doing.</p> account of his neglect of General Williams at Kars and leaving his appeals for aid unattended to. Stratford has sent home a defence of himself, and, I hear, a skilful one. I do not think they will remove him, because they say he is now -acting <i>bon� fide</i> according to his instructions, and exerting all his influence +acting <i>bon� fide</i> according to his instructions, and exerting all his influence to smooth any difficulties that may arise at Constantinople in adjusting the terms of peace. But it is likely that the Turks are now very anxious for peace, as they are exceedingly sick of their protectors, by whom their dignity and @@ -945,7 +904,7 @@ equally resolved not to let Baron Parke take his seat.</p> <p>The other subject is Sir John McNeill's report,<a name="FNanchor_1_2" id="FNanchor_1_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_2" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> which has already elicited violent articles in the papers, and will occasion hot debates in the House of -Commons, perhaps in both Houses. The report furnishes a strong <i>prim� facie</i> +Commons, perhaps in both Houses. The report furnishes a strong <i>prim� facie</i> case against Airey and Gordon, Q.M. and A.Q.M. Generals, and <i>par ricochet</i> against Hardinge himself, also against Lucan and Cardigan. The accused parties vehemently complain, and insist upon being allowed to vindicate themselves. @@ -1012,13 +971,13 @@ Madame de Lieven closeted together for hours, and Madame de Lieven writes to me in melancholy mood, saying she anticipates many difficulties, and complaining of the <i>exigeances</i> which she hears of as probable, and how ungenerous as well as impolitic it is to make no allowance for the difficulty of the Emperor's -position <i>vis � vis</i> of his own people, and to bear so hard upon him. From all +position <i>vis � vis</i> of his own people, and to bear so hard upon him. From all this I infer that the Russians have been informed that the Emperor Napoleon has engaged to back us up in our <i>exigeances</i>, the principal of which is probably the dismantling of Nicolaieff; this may be inferred from what has appeared in -the French press. The 'Journal des D�bats' published an article saying we had no -right to demand this, to which the 'Si�cle' replied asserting we had a right, -and the article in the 'Si�cle' was copied into the 'Moniteur,' which was +the French press. The 'Journal des D�bats' published an article saying we had no +right to demand this, to which the 'Si�cle' replied asserting we had a right, +and the article in the 'Si�cle' was copied into the 'Moniteur,' which was tantamount to a recognition and approval of it. There are rumours afloat here that matters are not going on satisfactorily at Paris, and, taking all these things together, it looks as if the horizon was a little overcast, but as Orloff @@ -1057,7 +1016,7 @@ Hall and the prevailing spirit threaten us.</p> <p><i>February 24th.</i>—A letter from Lady Clarendon, who says 'the report about things going ill is false, and as yet things have hardly begun. The Emperor in feelings and opinions is everything that Clarendon could desire.' Madame de -Lieven received Clarendon <i>� bras ouverts</i>, but said very little to him. This +Lieven received Clarendon <i>� bras ouverts</i>, but said very little to him. This morning I called on George Lewis, and had a long talk about the prospects of peace. He said Palmerston, according to his ancient custom, was doing all he could to extort as much as possible from Russia, writing to Clarendon in this @@ -1170,7 +1129,7 @@ interesting moment.</p> brother. We slept at Boulogne, and after a prosperous journey in all its stages, found myself in my old quarters at the Embassy yesterday evening at seven o'clock. I had hardly arrived before a card came from Morny, who gave a great -evening party with two <i>petites pi�ces</i> and music. I went there with Lady +evening party with two <i>petites pi�ces</i> and music. I went there with Lady Cowley. The crowd was so great that I saw nothing whatever of the spectacle, but was pretty well amused, for I met some old acquaintance, made some new ones, and was presented to some of the celebrities of the day. I was much struck with the @@ -1178,9 +1137,9 @@ ugliness of the women, and the extreme <i>recherche</i> of their costumes. Natur done nothing for them, their <i>modistes</i> all that is possible. The old friends I met were La Marre and Bourqueney, whom I have not seen since he was Secretary of Embassy to Guizot, when we had so much to do together about the affairs of the -East. I made acquaintance with Fleury, the Empress's Grand �cuyer, renewed it +East. I made acquaintance with Fleury, the Empress's Grand �cuyer, renewed it with Bacciochi, and I was presented to Cavour and the Grand Vizier, as little -like the <i>beau id�al</i> of a Grand Vizier as can well be imagined, but by all +like the <i>beau id�al</i> of a Grand Vizier as can well be imagined, but by all accounts a Turk <i>comme il y en a peu</i>. He is a very little, dark, spare, mild-looking man, speaks French perfectly, and exceedingly clever, well-informed, enlightened, and honourable. He was Grand Vizier once before, and @@ -1192,7 +1151,7 @@ intrigues, and even against Stratford's predominance. I met Clarendon, but had hardly any opportunity of talking to him, as he was every moment interrupted by people come up to do civilities to him. He had just time to tell me that matters are going on very slowly, and that he sees no reason why he should not be kept -here for the next six months. Orloff had met him <i>� bras ouverts</i> and renewed +here for the next six months. Orloff had met him <i>� bras ouverts</i> and renewed their old Petersburg friendship. Brunnow he is disgusted with, and says he has made a bad impression here. He told me he had<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> said to Brunnow: 'You were in England long enough to know what a special pleader is; well, if all other trades @@ -1242,12 +1201,12 @@ have done would have been to have it in some dull German town, where there would have been no amusements and occupations, and no intrigues, and where they would have applied themselves vigorously to their work in order to get it done as quickly as possible. I have not, however, as yet made out what intrigues there -are, but there is of course a vast deal of <i>comm�rage</i> going on.</p> +are, but there is of course a vast deal of <i>comm�rage</i> going on.</p> <p>The conferences take place every other day, beginning at one, and they generally last about four hours. Walewski presides, and, they say, does it pretty well; M. -Benedetti, the Chef de D�partement in the Foreign Office, is the Protocollist -and R�dacteur; the manner of it is conversational, but they occasionally make +Benedetti, the Chef de D�partement in the Foreign Office, is the Protocollist +and R�dacteur; the manner of it is conversational, but they occasionally make speeches, Walewski told me. I asked Clarendon in the evening how they were going on, and he said he thought they were making a little progress, but that the French did all they could to render it impossible.</p> @@ -1278,7 +1237,7 @@ I don't think I shall stay here long.</p> <p><i>March 3rd.</i>—Went about visiting yesterday, and at night to the Tuileries, an evening party and play, two small pieces; the Emperor was very civil to me as usual, came up to me and shook hands; he talked to Orloff and to Clarendon, then -the Grande Ma�tresse told him the Empress was ready, when he went out and came +the Grande Ma�tresse told him the Empress was ready, when he went out and came back with her on his arm, Mathilde, Princess Murat, and Plon Plon following. As the Emperor passed before me, he stopped and presented me to the Empress. I was introduced to Orloff, and in the course of the evening had a long talk with @@ -1377,7 +1336,7 @@ were out.</p> society excites interest and shows the continued violence of party feeling. A party dined at Lord Holland's and more came in the evening, mostly, as it happened, Orleanists, for the Hollands live with all parties indiscriminately. -There were Mesdames de R�musat, d'Haussonville, and several others of that +There were Mesdames de R�musat, d'Haussonville, and several others of that colour, when the door opened and MM. de Flahault and Morny were announced, on which the women all jumped up like a covey of partridges and walked out of the room, without taking any notice of the men. It is said that the Orleanist party @@ -1387,7 +1346,7 @@ which he afterwards had the folly to avow.</p> <p><i>At night.</i>—Just before dinner came an invitation to go to the Tuileries -to-night, which with much reluctance I was forced to do. Two <i>petites pi�ces</i> as +to-night, which with much reluctance I was forced to do. Two <i>petites pi�ces</i> as on Sunday. I did not attempt to get into the gallery, and sat in the next room, first with Brunnow, then with the Grand Vizier, who is become a great friend of mine. The Emperor did nothing but take off one Plenipotentiary after another: @@ -1462,11 +1421,11 @@ forest—a curious sight, with the old-fashioned <i>meute</i>; the officers, privileged to wear the uniform, in embroidered coats, jackboots, and cocked hats; piqueurs on horseback and foot with vast horns wound round their bodies; the costume and the sport<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> exactly as in the time of Louis XIV., rather tiresome -after a time. The old chateau is a melancholy <i>d�labr�</i> building, sad as the +after a time. The old chateau is a melancholy <i>d�labr�</i> building, sad as the finishing career of its last Royal inhabitant. These recollections come thick upon one—Anne of Austria and the Fronde, Louis XIV. and Mademoiselle de la -Valli�re—for here their lives began. When the Queen was here she insisted on -being taken up to see Mademoiselle de la Valli�re's apartment, to mark which +Valli�re—for here their lives began. When the Queen was here she insisted on +being taken up to see Mademoiselle de la Valli�re's apartment, to mark which some slight ornaments remain. Here too James II. held his dismal Court and came to his unhappy and bigoted end. After it ceased to be a palace, it became successively a prison, a school, and a barrack, and now the Emperor has a fancy @@ -1500,7 +1459,7 @@ only have it on such and such terms. All this may be true, and I am myself inclined to think the Russians would have agreed to our terms, if those terms had been heartily backed up by the Emperor; but except to give something more of a triumph to the English public, I am not of opinion that the difference between -what we required and what we shall get is worth much. When the <i>d�nouement</i> is +what we required and what we shall get is worth much. When the <i>d�nouement</i> is before the world, it will appear how insane it was to plunge into such a war, and that the confusion and unsettled state of affairs which will be the result of it are more dangerous to the stability of the Turkish Empire than the @@ -1584,7 +1543,7 @@ London yesterday morning at eleven o'clock. When near Folkestone we were caught in a fog, lost our way, and were very near having to anchor and pass the night at sea. After a vast deal of whistling and bellowing, stopping and going on, the fog cleared a little, lights became visible, and we entered the harbour with no -other inconvenience than having made a long <i>d�tour</i>, and being an hour later +other inconvenience than having made a long <i>d�tour</i>, and being an hour later than our proper time. I regretted leaving Paris, where I was treated with so much affection and hospitality, and on the whole very well amused. On Monday, I dined with the Duchesse de Mouchy; on Tuesday night Clarendon came after dinner @@ -1665,13 +1624,13 @@ he had not been continually thwarted by the French, would have done more. While many here were crying out for placing our army under the command of French generals, and recalling Raglan (and I must confess I had myself a considerable leaning that way), he was struggling against the shortcomings or the inactivity -of Canrobert and P�lissier. Canrobert acknowledged that he had not nerves +of Canrobert and P�lissier. Canrobert acknowledged that he had not nerves sufficient for the duties of his station, and he never could be got to agree to adopt the bold offensive movements which Raglan was continually urging upon him, especially after the battle of Inkerman, when Raglan entreated him to follow up the discomfited Russians, his whole army being ready and not above 1,500 of them -having been engaged. With P�lissier, Raglan had very little to do, for his death -occurred soon after P�lissier took the command.</p> +having been engaged. With P�lissier, Raglan had very little to do, for his death +occurred soon after P�lissier took the command.</p> <div class="sidenote">LYONS DEFENDS LORD RAGLAN.</div> @@ -1808,7 +1767,7 @@ says that it is beyond all question that there is throughout the country a strong feeling of mortification and regret that we have not played a more brilliant part, and that our share of glory has been less than that of our ally, and there would have been a general feeling of exultation and satisfaction if we -had fought another campaign in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> order to end the war with greater <i>�clat</i>. But +had fought another campaign in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> order to end the war with greater <i>�clat</i>. But this sentiment has been sufficiently mastered by prudent considerations and a just appreciation of the circumstances of Europe generally, and of our relations with other Powers, to check all ebullitions of mortified pride, and to induce a @@ -1825,7 +1784,7 @@ Government could not stand but by being remodelled, and his notion is that half of it should be got rid of, the Peelites taken in, and Lord John to go to the House of Lords as President of the Council, Granville taking Cowley's place as ambassador at Paris, and Cowley replacing Stratford Canning at Constantinople. -<i>� propos</i> of Stratford Canning, Graham thinks the Opposition will attack the +<i>� propos</i> of Stratford Canning, Graham thinks the Opposition will attack the Government and not the ambassador on the case of Kars, and that it is not impossible they may carry a vote of censure against them, which I told him I did not believe was possible, or that they could be able to carry any resolution @@ -1928,7 +1887,7 @@ election, and that this influence would be brought to bear against every man who maintained by his vote this 'desecration of the Sabbath.' Accordingly it was resolved by the Cabinet to give way, and the only question was how to do so with anything like consistency and dignity. The Archbishop of Canterbury was made the -'Deus ex machin�' to effect this object. He was made to write a letter to the +'Deus ex machin�' to effect this object. He was made to write a letter to the Premier representing the feelings of the people and begging the bands might be silenced. To this Palmerston wrote a reply in which he repeated his own opinion in favour of the music, but that in deference to the public sentiment he would @@ -2030,7 +1989,7 @@ and were sent away—a very uncommon occurrence!]</p></div> <p><i>June 7th.</i>—I went last night to see the celebrated Ristori in a very bad play called 'Medea,' being a translation into Italian from a French tragedy by a M. -Legouv�. This play was written for Madame Rachel, who refused to act the part, +Legouv�. This play was written for Madame Rachel, who refused to act the part, which refusal led to a lawsuit, in which the actress was (I think) defeated. Ristori is certainly a fine actress, but she did not appear to me equal to Pasta in the same part, or to other great actresses I have seen. However, my inability @@ -2121,11 +2080,11 @@ this.</p> <p><i>August 4th.</i>—I was at Goodwood all last week; the Prince of Prussia came there. Not a word of news; the Queen still engaged in reviewing the troops, and -complimentary f�tes are still going on to Sir W. Williams of Kars, and Charles +complimentary f�tes are still going on to Sir W. Williams of Kars, and Charles Wyndham 'the hero of the Redan.' The disturbances in Spain seem to be over, and O'Donnell remains victorious. My first impression was (the common one) that Espartero had been ousted by an intrigue, and that it was a reactionary <i>coup -d'�tat</i>, but I now hear that it is no such thing, and that we ought to desire +d'�tat</i>, but I now hear that it is no such thing, and that we ought to desire the success of the present Government. Espartero and O'Donnell could not agree, as was not unlikely in a coalition Government the two chiefs of which were men of such different opinions and antecedents. After many abortive attempts to @@ -2184,7 +2143,7 @@ the Alma.</p> <p><i>Hillingdon, August 17th.</i>—It is impossible to find anything of the least interest to write about, and my journal is in danger of dying of starvation or of atrophy. The causes of discontent we have had with Russia are disappearing, -and the Emperor's coronation will not be clouded by fresh <i>dol�ances</i> on our +and the Emperor's coronation will not be clouded by fresh <i>dol�ances</i> on our part. Bulwer is just gone to the Principalities, where the commissioners are to endeavour to ascertain what are the wishes of the people as to the union. France and England are in favour of it, Turkey and Austria against it, while Russia @@ -2200,7 +2159,7 @@ come to think him the best minister we can have, and to wish him well.</p> <div class="sidenote">THE CORONATION AT MOSCOW.</div> <p><i>September 15th.</i>—Another month has passed away, and still I have had nothing -to record. The coronation at Moscow appears to have gone off with great <i>�clat</i>, +to record. The coronation at Moscow appears to have gone off with great <i>�clat</i>, and to have been a spectacle of extraordinary magnificence, the prodigious cost of which betrays no sign of exhaustion or impoverishment by the late war.<a name="FNanchor_1_5" id="FNanchor_1_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_5" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> We were probably mistaken, as we were in so many other things, in fancying that the @@ -2290,22 +2249,22 @@ discretion, and firmness are required to shape our foreign policy.</p> better occupied than by the following extract from Guizot's notice on Sir Robert Peel in the '<i>Revue des Deux-Monde</i>s' (1856). He is speaking of democracy in England:—'<i>M. de Talleyrand disait dans la Chambre des Pairs, il y a quelqu'un -qui a plus d'esprit que Napol�on ou que Voltaire, c'est tout le monde. On peut -dire aujourd'hui m�me � propos de L'Angleterre il y a quelqu'un qui a plus de +qui a plus d'esprit que Napol�on ou que Voltaire, c'est tout le monde. On peut +dire aujourd'hui m�me � propos de L'Angleterre il y a quelqu'un qui a plus de pouvoir que la couronne, plus de pouvoir que l'aristocratie, c'est tout le -monde, et tout le monde c'est la d�mocratie. O� commence-t-elle? o� finit-elle? -� quels signes visibles se distingue-t-elle des autres �l�ments de la soci�t�? -Personne ne pourrait le dire, mais peu importe: pour �tre difficile � d�finir, -le fait n'en est ni moins certain, ni moins puissant, les �l�ments les plus -divers entrent dans la composition de la d�mocratie moderne, des classes riches +monde, et tout le monde c'est la d�mocratie. O� commence-t-elle? o� finit-elle? +� quels signes visibles se distingue-t-elle des autres �l�ments de la soci�t�? +Personne ne pourrait le dire, mais peu importe: pour �tre difficile � d�finir, +le fait n'en est ni moins certain, ni moins puissant, les �l�ments les plus +divers entrent dans la composition de la d�mocratie moderne, des classes riches et des classes pauvres, des classes savantes et des classes ignorantes, des -ma�tres et des ouvriers, des conservateurs et des novateurs, des amis du pouvoir -et des enthousiastes de libert�, bien des aristocrates m�mes, d�tach�s de leur -origine par leurs mœurs, par leur aversion des g�nes et des devoirs que -l'aristocratie impose. Et la position de la d�mocratie anglaise n'est pas moins -chang�e que sa composition; elle ne se borne pas comme jadis � d�fendre au -besoin ses libert�s, elle regarde les affaires publiques comme les siennes, -surveille assid�ment ceux qui les font, et si elle ne gouverne pas l'�tat, elle +ma�tres et des ouvriers, des conservateurs et des novateurs, des amis du pouvoir +et des enthousiastes de libert�, bien des aristocrates m�mes, d�tach�s de leur +origine par leurs mœurs, par leur aversion des g�nes et des devoirs que +l'aristocratie impose. Et la position de la d�mocratie anglaise n'est pas moins +chang�e que sa composition; elle ne se borne pas comme jadis � d�fendre au +besoin ses libert�s, elle regarde les affaires publiques comme les siennes, +surveille assid�ment ceux qui les font, et si elle ne gouverne pas l'�tat, elle domine le gouvernement.</i>' All this seems to me perfectly true, and the best definition of the English democracy, its nature, and its position that could possibly be given, and that the nature of things admits of. Guizot evidently saw @@ -2317,11 +2276,11 @@ nations which have been torn to pieces by civil discords and contests. If we compare the condition of England at any two not very distant periods, and the manner in which power and influence have been distributed at one and at the other, this will be very apparent, and nobody can doubt that this process is -still going on. We are, as Guizot says, <i> 'dans une �poque de transition ... +still going on. We are, as Guizot says, <i> 'dans une �poque de transition ... sous l'empire des principes et des sentiments encore confus, perplexes et -obscurs, mais essentiellement d�mocratiques, qui fermentent en Europe depuis -quinze si�cles et y remportent de nos jours des victoires dont personne ne -saurait dire encore quel sera le vrai et dernier r�sultat.'</i></p> +obscurs, mais essentiellement d�mocratiques, qui fermentent en Europe depuis +quinze si�cles et y remportent de nos jours des victoires dont personne ne +saurait dire encore quel sera le vrai et dernier r�sultat.'</i></p> <div class="sidenote">THE QUARREL WITH NAPLES.</div> @@ -2460,7 +2419,7 @@ is very indolent and abhors the trouble of examining details, and consequently remains often ignorant of what it behoves him to know, suffered himself to be bamboozled by Brunnow and misled by Walewski into giving his assent to the Russian interpretation of the boundary line, and to giving a promise of his -support in the controversy. Recently at Compi�gne Cowley, in a long audience, +support in the controversy. Recently at Compi�gne Cowley, in a long audience, went through the whole question with him and minutely explained the case against Russia. The Emperor said he had never really understood it before, acknowledged that our case was good, regretted that he had committed himself, but said that @@ -2620,9 +2579,9 @@ and to terminate the difference between us and France by our making an apparent concession to France, while she makes a real one to us. Everything has evidently been carefully arranged for the playing out of this diplomatic farce, and Cowley, who is to be our sole representative, is to be accommodating and not -quarrelsome; but <i>reste � savoir</i> whether the manœuvres of some of the others +quarrelsome; but <i>reste � savoir</i> whether the manœuvres of some of the others may not provoke his temper and bring about angry collisions. Between this matter -and the <i>b�vue</i> we have made of our Neapolitan interference, never was there +and the <i>b�vue</i> we have made of our Neapolitan interference, never was there such a deplorable exhibition as our foreign policy displays; but nobody seems to care much about it, and though there will in all probability be a good deal of sparring, and taunts and sneers in Parliament, Palmerston's Government will @@ -2635,7 +2594,7 @@ the event of his death or his breaking down, events which must be contemplated as not very remote when he is seventy-three years old, although his wonderful constitution and superhuman vigour of mind and body make everybody forget his age and regard the possibility of his demise<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span> with the sort of incredulity which -made the courtier of Louis XIV. exclaim on the death of that monarch, '<i>Apr�s la +made the courtier of Louis XIV. exclaim on the death of that monarch, '<i>Apr�s la mort du Roi on peut tout croire.'</i></p> <p>Great astonishment has been excited by the appointment of a Mr. Bickersteth as @@ -2749,7 +2708,7 @@ proceedings.</p> <blockquote> -<p>State of England after the War—Prussia and Neufch�tel—Sir Robert Peel's +<p>State of England after the War—Prussia and Neufch�tel—Sir Robert Peel's Account of the Russian Coronation—An Historical Puzzle—The Death of Princess Lieven—Mr. Spurgeon's Preaching—Mr. Gladstone in Opposition—Tit for Tat—Difficult Relations with France—Lord John in Opposition—The @@ -2802,7 +2761,7 @@ danger of the dispute drifting into a war, though it is evidently so much the interest and the desire of the Emperor Napoleon to allow no shots to be fired, that I still expect, even at this almost the eleventh hour, to be in a complete fix. The Swiss will not release the prisoners unless the King will at the same -time abandon his claims on Neufch�tel, or unless England and France will +time abandon his claims on Neufch�tel, or unless England and France will guarantee that he will do so. The King will do nothing and agree to nothing unless the Swiss will previously and unconditionally release the prisoners, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span> moreover he repudiates our intervention, as he thinks us unfairly disposed to @@ -2810,7 +2769,7 @@ himself. The simplest course would be for England and France to declare that a Prussian invasion of Switzerland should be a <i>casus belli</i>, and I think we should have no objection to this, but France won't go along with us. Then if the Swiss should deliver over the prisoners to France, and she would accept the -dep�t, all might be settled. As it is, we have backed up Switzerland to resist, +dep�t, all might be settled. As it is, we have backed up Switzerland to resist, and if war ensues we shall leave her to her fate—a very inglorious course to pursue; and although I have a horror of war, and am alive to the policy of keeping well with France, I am inclined to think that having encouraged the @@ -2822,8 +2781,8 @@ further complicated by the matrimonial engagement between the two Royal families.</p> <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_9" id="Footnote_1_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_9"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> [The Prussian Crown retained, by the Treaty of Vienna, rights of -sovereignty over the Swiss Canton of Neufch�tel, and appointed a Governor there. -In other respects the Neufch�telese enjoyed all the rights and liberties of +sovereignty over the Swiss Canton of Neufch�tel, and appointed a Governor there. +In other respects the Neufch�telese enjoyed all the rights and liberties of Swiss citizens. This anomalous state of things naturally gave rise to friction. The King of Prussia derived no sort of advantage from his nominal sovereignty; but as a matter of dignity he declined to renounce it, and even threatened a @@ -2833,9 +2792,9 @@ resisted.]</p></div> <p><i>January 13th.</i>—The Swiss affair seems settled, so far at least that there will be no war. The prisoners will be released, but I dare say the King of Prussia -will <i>chicaner</i> about the abdication of his rights over Neufch�tel. All the +will <i>chicaner</i> about the abdication of his rights over Neufch�tel. All the world is occupied with Sir Robert Peel's speech, or lecture as he terms it, at -Birmingham, where he gave an account, meant to be witty, of his <i>s�jour</i> in +Birmingham, where he gave an account, meant to be witty, of his <i>s�jour</i> in Russia and its incidents. It was received with shouts of applause by a congenial Brummagem audience, and by deep disapprobation in every decent society and by all reasonable people.</p> @@ -2911,7 +2870,7 @@ she engaged in succession without seriously attaching herself to any. Those who were most notoriously her slaves at different times were the present Lord Willoughby, the Duke of Sutherland (then Lord Gower), the Duke of Cannizzaro (then Count St. Antonio), and the Duke of Palmella, who was particularly clever -and agreeable. Madame de Lieven was a <i>tr�s grande dame</i>, with abilities of a +and agreeable. Madame de Lieven was a <i>tr�s grande dame</i>, with abilities of a very fine order, great tact and <i>finesse</i>, and taking a boundless pleasure in the society of the great world and in political affairs of every sort. People here were not slow to acknowledge her merits and social excellence, and she @@ -2940,7 +2899,7 @@ the double charm of her position and her agreeableness. It was her duty as well as her inclination to cultivate the members of all the successive Cabinets which passed before her, and she became the friend of Lord Castlereagh, of Canning, the Duke of Wellington, Lord Grey, Lord Palmerston, John Russell, Aberdeen, and -many others of inferior note, and she was likewise one of the <i>habitu�s</i> of +many others of inferior note, and she was likewise one of the <i>habitu�s</i> of Holland House, which was always more or less neutral ground, even when Lord Holland was himself a member of the government. When Talleyrand came over here as Ambassador, there was for some time a sort of antagonism between the two @@ -2954,7 +2913,7 @@ affected towards Russia, till his jealous and suspicious mind was inflamed by his absurd notion of her intention to attack us in India, a crotchet which led us into the folly and disaster of the Afghan war. In 1834 the Lievens were recalled, and she was established at St. Petersburg in high favour about the -Empress, but her <i>s�jour</i> there was odious to her, and she was inconsolable at +Empress, but her <i>s�jour</i> there was odious to her, and she was inconsolable at leaving England, where after a residence of above twenty years she had become rooted in habits and affections, although she never really and completely understood the country. She remained at St. Petersburg for several months, until @@ -3002,14 +2961,14 @@ escape. She came to England, where she remained till affairs appeared to be settled in France and all danger of disturbance at an end. She then returned to Paris, where she remained, not without fear and trembling, during the period of peril and vicissitude which at length ended, much to her satisfaction, with the -<i>coup d'�tat</i> and the Empire. Guizot had returned to Paris, but constantly +<i>coup d'�tat</i> and the Empire. Guizot had returned to Paris, but constantly refused to take any part in political affairs, either under the Republic or with the new government of Louis Napoleon. This, however, did not prevent Madame de Lieven (though their friendship continued the same) from showing her sympathy -and goodwill to the Imperial <i>r�gime</i>, and her salon, which had been decimated +and goodwill to the Imperial <i>r�gime</i>, and her salon, which had been decimated by previous events, was soon replenished by some of the ministers or adherents of the Empire, who, though they did not amalgamate very well with her old -<i>habitu�s</i>, supplied her with interesting<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span> information, and subsequently, when +<i>habitu�s</i>, supplied her with interesting<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span> information, and subsequently, when the war broke out, rendered her very essential service. When the rupture took place all the Russian subjects were ordered to quit Paris. She was advised by some of her friends to disobey the order, for as she was equally precluded from @@ -3035,7 +2994,7 @@ complaints, and resolved to bide her time. Some months later she caused a representation to be made to the French Government that the state of her health made it impossible for her to pass another winter at Brussels, and that she was going to Nice, but as it was of vital importance to her to consult her medical -adviser at Paris, she craved permission to proceed to Nice <i>vi�</i> Paris, where +adviser at Paris, she craved permission to proceed to Nice <i>vi�</i> Paris, where she would only stay long enough for that purpose. The permission was granted. She wrote me word that she was going to Paris to remain there a few days. I replied that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span> I was much mistaken in her if once there she ever quitted it @@ -3057,10 +3016,10 @@ played a part in it, but she was not a woman of much reading, and probably at no time had been very highly or extremely educated, but her excessive cleverness and her <i>finesse d'esprit</i> supplied the want of education, and there was one book with which her mind was perpetually nourished by reading it over and over -again. This was the 'Letters of Madame de S�vign�,' and to the constant study of +again. This was the 'Letters of Madame de S�vign�,' and to the constant study of those unrivalled letters she was no doubt considerably indebted for her own epistolary eminence, and for her admirable style of writing, not, however, that -her style and Madame de S�vign�'s were at all alike. She had not (in her letters +her style and Madame de S�vign�'s were at all alike. She had not (in her letters at least) the variety, the abundance, or the <i>abandon</i> of the great Frenchwoman, but she was more terse and epigrammatic, and she had the same graphic power and faculty of conveying much matter in few words.</p> @@ -3119,7 +3078,7 @@ the sincerity of which we have no right to question. She made her son Paul and Guizot leave her room a few hours before she died, that they might be spared the agony of witnessing her actual dissolution, and only three or four hours before the supreme moment, she mustered strength to write a note in pencil to Guizot -with these words: '<i>Merci pour vingt ann�es d'amiti� et de bonheur. Ne m'oubliez +with these words: '<i>Merci pour vingt ann�es d'amiti� et de bonheur. Ne m'oubliez pas, adieu, adieu!</i>' It was given to him after her death.</p> @@ -3617,7 +3576,7 @@ and cheered. He made a very bad speech, but which did very well for such an audience. It was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[Pg 99]</a></span> full of claptraps and reiterations of the exploded charges of coalitions, &c., which he is not ashamed to harp upon, and in his address to Tiverton he talks of the 'combination only formed last session' to turn him out. -I find myself, <i>malgr� moi</i>, thrown back into my old state of antagonism towards +I find myself, <i>malgr� moi</i>, thrown back into my old state of antagonism towards Palmerston, and what is very paradoxical, I am so without any hostility to his Government or any desire for its being overthrown, for I cannot descry any chance of a better, or, indeed, any possibility of forming another able to carry @@ -3729,7 +3688,7 @@ little as possible, but there will be no strong Conservative party to which he can appeal from and against his own Radical supporters; the Conservatives will be too weak to help him, and probably will not be inclined to help him out of his difficulty if they could. At his age his only object will be to grasp power -while he lives. <i>Apr�s moi le d�luge</i> will be his motto, and my expectation is +while he lives. <i>Apr�s moi le d�luge</i> will be his motto, and my expectation is that he will never consent to sacrifice power from scruples or upon principles, and will consent to anything that may be necessary rather than allow himself to be outbid and to see power torn from his hands. The prospect seems to me @@ -3901,8 +3860,8 @@ distinguished, she had improved her mind, and made herself a very agreeable woman, and had acquired no small reputation for ability and wit. It is never difficult for a woman in a great position and with some talent for conversation to attract a large society around her, and to have a number of admirers and -devoted <i>habitu�s</i>. Lady Ashburton laid herself out for this, and while she -exercised hospitality on a great scale, she was more of a <i>pr�cieuse</i> than any +devoted <i>habitu�s</i>. Lady Ashburton laid herself out for this, and while she +exercised hospitality on a great scale, she was more of a <i>pr�cieuse</i> than any woman I have known. She was, or affected to be, extremely intimate with many men whose literary celebrity or talents constituted their only attraction, and while they were gratified by the attentions of the great lady, her vanity was @@ -3975,7 +3934,7 @@ Wensleydale, who hate each other, and have interchanged blows.</p> <p><i>June 20th.</i>—All this past week the world has been occupied with the Handel Concerts at the Crystal Palace, which went off with the greatest success and -<i>�clat</i>. I went to the first ('Messiah'), and the last ('Israel in Egypt'); they +<i>�clat</i>. I went to the first ('Messiah'), and the last ('Israel in Egypt'); they were amazingly grand, and the beauty of the <i>locale</i>, with the vast crowds assembled in it, made an imposing spectacle. The arrangements were perfect, and nothing could be easier<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[Pg 110]</a></span> than the access and egress, or more comfortable than @@ -4202,7 +4161,7 @@ Granville.</p> <div class="sidenote">THE PRINCE CONSORT.</div> -<p>Last week was passed at Goodwood, with fine weather, and the usual f�te with the +<p>Last week was passed at Goodwood, with fine weather, and the usual f�te with the unusual accompaniment of foreign Royalties. First the Comte de Paris for a night, and then the Queen of the Netherlands for two. The young French Prince is good-humoured and unpretending, the Queen is very gay, natural, and pleasing. I @@ -4214,11 +4173,11 @@ to Osborne for a week. Prince Albert has been to Brussels for the marriage of the Princess Charlotte, where he seems to have made his first experiment of the effect to be obtained from his newly-acquired title of 'Prince Consort of England,' as I see that he signed the marriage contract immediately after the -Queen Marie Am�lie, and before an Austrian Archduke who was present.</p> +Queen Marie Am�lie, and before an Austrian Archduke who was present.</p> <p><i>August 12th.</i>—I was at Stoke on Saturday and Sunday, and went over to see -Bulstrode; surprised to find the place less <i>d�labr�</i>, and more capable of being +Bulstrode; surprised to find the place less <i>d�labr�</i>, and more capable of being restored than I expected. I passed the first fifteen years of my life there, and don't know whether the place or myself is the most changed. To feed our curiosity during the intervals between the Indian mails, the newspapers, the @@ -4768,7 +4727,7 @@ and Ben Stanley. The Duke of Bedford told me he was very uneasy about his brother John, who seemed in an irritable frame of mind, and disposed to wage war against the Government when Parliament meets.<a name="FNanchor_1_20" id="FNanchor_1_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_20" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> He told Sir George Grey the other day that they would not find him friendly. Clarendon told me of a -conversation he had recently had with the Queen<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[Pg 134]</a></span> <i>� propos</i> of Palmerston's +conversation he had recently had with the Queen<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[Pg 134]</a></span> <i>� propos</i> of Palmerston's health, concerning which Her Majesty was very uneasy, and what could be done in the not impossible contingency of his breaking down. It is a curious change from what we saw a few years ago, that she is become almost affectionately anxious @@ -5052,7 +5011,7 @@ and whether circumstances may not arise to induce them to throw off our<span cla and assert their own independence. It is marvellous and providential that on this occasion the Sikhs were disposed to side with us instead of against us, for if they had taken the latter course, it would have been all up and nothing could -have saved us. <i>� propos</i> of this consideration he told me a curious anecdote. A +have saved us. <i>� propos</i> of this consideration he told me a curious anecdote. A Sikh was talking to a British officer in a very friendly way, and he said, 'Don't you think it very strange that we, who were so recently fighting against you, should be now fighting with you? and should you be very much surprised if a @@ -5428,7 +5387,7 @@ life I have lived in great intimacy with him, but he was capricious, so the intervals, were long and frequent during which we were almost strangers to each other. Spoiled by his mother as a boy, and becoming Duke of Devonshire with a colossal fortune at twenty-one years old, and besides afflicted with incurable -deafness, his existence was <i>manqu�</i>, and he was a disappointed and unhappy man. +deafness, his existence was <i>manqu�</i>, and he was a disappointed and unhappy man. His abilities were of a very high order, and if he had not been relieved by his position and wealth from the necessity of exertion and disqualified by his infirmities from taking an active part in public life, he might have been a @@ -5491,7 +5450,7 @@ me to be the substance and object of his talk. He professed to speak to me of his own sentiments without disguise, and with entire confidence about everything, but I cannot call to mind that he imparted to me anything of the slightest interest or importance. It would be difficult and not very interesting -to write down our somewhat vague and <i>d�cousu</i> conversation, but I told him that +to write down our somewhat vague and <i>d�cousu</i> conversation, but I told him that I knew very little of the dispositions of any of the men he alluded to, but I did not believe they any of them would be parties to any such combination as he looked to, or separate from their present colleagues.</p> @@ -5504,7 +5463,7 @@ expressed in all quarters whether Government will be able to carry their Bill.</ <p><i>January 26th.</i>—The Princess Royal's wedding went off yesterday with amazing -<i>�clat</i>, and it is rather ludicrous to contrast the vehement articles with which +<i>�clat</i>, and it is rather ludicrous to contrast the vehement articles with which the Press teemed (the 'Times' in particular) against the alliance two years ago with the popularity of it and the enthusiasm displayed now. The whole thing seems to have been very successful. At the breakfast after the wedding, to which @@ -5784,7 +5743,7 @@ votes; but it is certain that the Government generally were in no apprehension, and that nobody of any party (I believe literally nobody) had the least idea that any vote of censure, which of course involved the existence of the Government, had the slightest chance<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[Pg 165]</a></span> of being carried. I met Sir Edward Lytton -at the Athen�um on Friday, just as he was going to the House, and had some +at the Athen�um on Friday, just as he was going to the House, and had some conversation with him. He treated Palmerston's position as impregnable, and said he would have a very large majority that evening. So confident were the Government whippers in that they made no exertions, and Hayter actually allowed @@ -5804,7 +5763,7 @@ Derby had been sent for in preference to Lord John, whom I met at Brooks's in the morning, and who did not expect the Queen to send for him. He told me Gladstone, he believed, and Graham, he knew, would not join Derby, and he thought neither Sidney Herbert nor Cardwell would either. As to the future, -there really are <i>quot homines tot sententi�</i>. Some think Derby cannot form a +there really are <i>quot homines tot sententi�</i>. Some think Derby cannot form a Government, some that he will not try. The sanguine Palmerstonians think all other attempts will fail and Palmerston remain in power, as Lord Grey did in 1831, and some fancy he will endeavour to propitiate the House of Commons and @@ -5932,7 +5891,7 @@ contrary to the advice of many others who thought he would prove inefficient.</p have advised the Queen. He said the whole question was well and most calmly and dispassionately considered, and they were unanimous as to the necessity of resignation, with the sole exception of Vernon Smith, and that was without any -<i>arri�re pens�e</i> of returning on an anticipated failure of Derby; that the Queen +<i>arri�re pens�e</i> of returning on an anticipated failure of Derby; that the Queen had begged Palmerston not to resign upon this vote, and he had returned to the Cabinet, and reported what she said, but they were all without exception for adhering to their resignation. Derby, too, had evidently wished to afford @@ -5971,7 +5930,7 @@ favourable Position—Opinion of the Speaker—Lord Derby's Liberal Declarations—Dinner to Mr. Buckle—Instability of the Government—Mr. Disraeli's sanguine Views—India—Prospects of the new Government—A Visit to the Duc d'Aumale—Delicate Relations with France—Lord John Russell and -Lord Palmerston—Irritation of the Whigs—Marshal P�lissier Ambassador in +Lord Palmerston—Irritation of the Whigs—Marshal P�lissier Ambassador in London—The Peelites and the Whigs—Failure of the India Bill—An Overture from Lord John Russell—Dissensions of the Whigs—Lord Derby resolves to remain in Office—Lord John Russell proposes to deal with the India Bill by @@ -6145,7 +6104,7 @@ office with an immense majority against them in the House of Commons. It is certainly a question whether any set of men have a right under any circumstances to accept office with full knowledge that there is a majority of at least two to one against them, and if one set of ministers are bound to resign, not merely on -finding the majority against them, but upon a single adverse vote, <i>� fortiori</i> +finding the majority against them, but upon a single adverse vote, <i>� fortiori</i> must another set be precluded from taking office without the power of commanding the assent and support of Parliament upon any question whatever. Sir Francis Baring writes to John Russell, 'that the <i>existence</i> of the present Ministry is @@ -6219,9 +6178,9 @@ pictures. He is very courteous, obliging, and intelligent, and the Duchess very civil and pleasing. His house was formerly occupied by his father, Louis Philippe, improved and enlarged by Lord Kilmorey, who lived there with Miss Hoste, and bought from him by the Duke, who has filled it full of objects of -historical or artistic interest, especially of memorials of the great Cond�. The +historical or artistic interest, especially of memorials of the great Cond�. The family portraits, of which there is a vast collection, are particularly curious. -He has two sons, who bear the fine titles of Prince de Cond� and Duc de Guise, +He has two sons, who bear the fine titles of Prince de Cond� and Duc de Guise, but it is melancholy to contemplate the <i>avenir</i> of these boys, whose high birth is their misfortune, and to whom no profession or occupation seems open. They have lost their own country by no fault of their own, and are so situated that @@ -6236,7 +6195,7 @@ way to unknown Frenchmen who approach under<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1 family or to make appeals to their charity.</p> <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_30" id="Footnote_1_30"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_30"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> [Alas! both these interesting and promising young Princes were cut -off in early life, the Prince de Cond� dying in New South Wales, at the outset +off in early life, the Prince de Cond� dying in New South Wales, at the outset of a journey on which he had started under the most auspicious circumstances. The Duc de Guise, then the sole surviving child and heir of the Duc d'Aumale, also died soon after the return of the Royal Family to France in 1871.]</p></div> @@ -6307,7 +6266,7 @@ hereafter serious.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[Pg 181]</a></span></p> -<p><i>March 25th.</i>—Marshal P�lissieris going to replace Persigny here as Ambassador, +<p><i>March 25th.</i>—Marshal P�lissieris going to replace Persigny here as Ambassador, a strange choice. He is a military ruffian, who knows no more of diplomacy than he does of astronomy. Persigny goes because he cannot agree with Walewski; I don't know the details of his dissatisfaction. His departure is regretted, as he @@ -6722,7 +6681,7 @@ affairs, and in what he disagreed with the late Government on various questions; but he did not allude to Vienna, which is the real gist of his grievance and the source of his hostile feeling, so that with that reticence it is not strange that they should have parted much as they met. Then Palmerston expressed a wish -to have a <i>t�te-�-t�te</i> conversation with Lord John, which the latter assented +to have a <i>t�te-�-t�te</i> conversation with Lord John, which the latter assented to, but Palmerston seems to have changed his mind, and to have shrunk from it when the opportunity presented itself. Charles Wood is the man who has been constantly communicating with Lord John in behalf of the Whig Cabinet, and one @@ -7098,7 +7057,7 @@ the Loyd family on the failure of issue by his daughter.]</p></div> rid of the 'reasons' of the Lords, the Jew Bill has passed, Granville and Lansdowne protesting against the absurdity of the conduct of Derby with regard to it. It is remarkable that though Lord Lansdowne has for some time appeared -much <i>baiss�</i>, his speech was as good and sensible a speech as he ever made in +much <i>baiss�</i>, his speech was as good and sensible a speech as he ever made in his life. As to Derby, as it is impossible that so clever a man as he is could willingly act so foolish and even ridiculous a part as he has done on this occasion, I conclude that he felt obliged to do what he has done in order to @@ -7183,7 +7142,7 @@ Leadership—Dissensions in the Liberal Party—The Queen and her Ministers—Lord Stanley at the India Office—The Queen's Letter to the Prince of Wales—Reform Speeches and Projects—Lord Palmerston's Confidence—Prosecution of Count Montalembert in France—Lord Clarendon's -Visit to Compi�gne—The Emperor's Designs on Italy—The Emperor and the +Visit to Compi�gne—The Emperor's Designs on Italy—The Emperor and the pope—Approach of War—Lord Palmerston's prudent Language—Lord Palmerston's Italian Sympathies—The Electric Telegraph—Opposition in France to the War—The Emperor's Prevarication—Opening of @@ -7350,7 +7309,7 @@ composition.</p> <div class="sidenote">LORD DERBY'S REFORM BILL.</div> <p><i>November 17th.</i>—The principal topics of interest for the last fortnight have -been Bright's speeches, the visit of Palmerston and Clarendon to Compi�gne, the +been Bright's speeches, the visit of Palmerston and Clarendon to Compi�gne, the Portuguese and French quarrel, and the pamphlet and approaching trial of Montalembert, on all of which there is plenty to say. Bright's speeches have evidently been a failure, and if they produce any effect, it will probably be @@ -7395,7 +7354,7 @@ thence to Grimstone, then to Ossington, and yesterday from Hinchinbrook. If I have written nothing it is not from want of interesting events worth notice, but because I have known and heard nothing more than all the world learnt from the newspapers. The chief topics of interest have been the pamphlet and the trial of -Montalembert and the visit of Palmerston and Clarendon to Compi�gne. The first +Montalembert and the visit of Palmerston and Clarendon to Compi�gne. The first seems to have excited more interest here than in Paris, where the tyrannical proceeding was taken very quietly, and little sympathy felt for a man who wrote so enthusiastically about England, and rebuked his own countrymen, and @@ -7412,7 +7371,7 @@ quarters it has elicited.</p> <p><i>Hillingdon, December 12th.</i>—I went to The Grove on Wednesday last and came back on Friday. There I had long talks with Clarendon for the first time for many a day, when he told me a great deal that was interesting, just as he used -to do formerly, first about his visit to Compi�gne and his conversations with +to do formerly, first about his visit to Compi�gne and his conversations with the Emperor. The Emperor told him that his motive for prosecuting Montalembert was that he was aware that there was a conspiracy of literary men, enemies of his Government, to write it down in a very insidious manner, not by any direct @@ -7447,7 +7406,7 @@ peace of the world, would restrain him, and from such a contingency England would be no more exempt than any other country.<a name="FNanchor_1_37" id="FNanchor_1_37"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_37" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></p> <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_37" id="Footnote_1_37"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_37"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> [It is remarkable that this conversation of the Emperor with Lord -Clarendon at Compi�gne took place within a month of the speech to Baron H�bner +Clarendon at Compi�gne took place within a month of the speech to Baron H�bner on New Year's Day, which was the signal of war between France and Austria, and at a time when the secret alliance between the Emperor and M. de Cavour had been already concluded. The Emperor's object was evidently to delude his English @@ -7474,11 +7433,11 @@ the Pope to relinquish his temporal sovereignty, and to accept a great revenue instead, but neither of them seems to have thought this plan feasible.</p> -<div class="sidenote">NAPOLEON'S SPEECH TO BARON H�BNER.</div> +<div class="sidenote">NAPOLEON'S SPEECH TO BARON H�BNER.</div> <p><i>January 14th</i>,1859.—I purposed at the close of the last year to say a few words about a year which might well be called <i>annus mirabilis</i> and <i>annus -m�stissimus</i> besides, for I do not remember any year marked by a greater number +m�stissimus</i> besides, for I do not remember any year marked by a greater number and variety of remarkable events and occurrences, and certainly none which has been so fatal to the happiness of so many of our friends. One calamity has succeeded another with frightful rapidity, till it is difficult to point to any @@ -7489,7 +7448,7 @@ purpose, and now I have forgotten all I intended to say, and can only take up the present condition of affairs as they present themselves at the beginning of this year, and this is dark and unpromising enough. All Europe has been thrown into alarm by the speech which the Emperor Napoleon made to the Austrian -Ambassador H�bner on New Year's Day, and by the announcement which followed it +Ambassador H�bner on New Year's Day, and by the announcement which followed it that Prince Napoleon was going to Turin to marry the King of Sardinia's daughter. The language of the King of Sardinia in his speech to his Parliament shortly afterwards confirmed the general apprehensions. The menacing @@ -7505,7 +7464,7 @@ watch the signs of the times, are convinced that the time is near at hand when the peace of the world will be broken, that the Emperor is determined upon an aggression on Austria, and that he is only undecided as to the time when the operation shall be begun. It is now evident that when our Ex-Ministers were at -Compi�gne, and when the Emperor pretended that he wanted to consult Clarendon +Compi�gne, and when the Emperor pretended that he wanted to consult Clarendon confidentially, he only made a half-confidence of his views and his position, and that he concealed from Clarendon the important fact of the marriage of Prince Napoleon, which was arranged at the time.</p> @@ -7777,7 +7736,7 @@ civilisation and its mission to extend the benefits of that civilisation over the whole world.</p> <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_1_40" id="Footnote_1_40"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_40"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> [This was the fact. It was not known until long afterwards that -positive engagements had been entered into at Plombi�res between the Emperor and +positive engagements had been entered into at Plombi�res between the Emperor and M. de Cavour in the preceding autumn, including the marriage of Prince Napoleon to the daughter of the King of Sardinia, and the cession of Savoy and Nice as a compensation for the conquest of Northern Italy. Cavour had the Emperor in his @@ -7868,7 +7827,7 @@ decide upon.</p> <div class="sidenote">OPPOSITION TO THE REFORM BILL.</div> -<p><i>Savernake, March 9th.</i>—I met George Lewis at the Athen�um yesterday, and had a +<p><i>Savernake, March 9th.</i>—I met George Lewis at the Athen�um yesterday, and had a talk about the state of affairs<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[Pg 229]</a></span> here. He told me that the whole Liberal party, he believed, would support John Russell's Resolutions. There had been considerable doubt at first whether the second reading of the Bill should be @@ -7973,7 +7932,7 @@ the agitation and turmoil that had been vexing Europe for the last three months were to be attributed to the conduct of Cavour and his attempts to drag France into assisting Piedmont in her aggressive policy, and to misunderstandings which had been produced by the strange conduct of the French Government, the imprudent -speech of the Emperor to H�bner on January 1st, and the ambiguous manifestations +speech of the Emperor to H�bner on January 1st, and the ambiguous manifestations which had followed it. To comprehend all these things it was necessary to be acquainted with the whole course of Cavour's policy and his dealings with France, and to understand the peculiar character of the Emperor and the motives @@ -8173,7 +8132,7 @@ will ever induce John Russell to keep quiet.</p> and that the French are only gaining time to complete their preparations. I said I thought Cowley had been duped by the Emperor, but he thought not. Cowley had all along seen all the objections to the proposed Congress and suspected the -<i>arri�re pens�e</i> of it, but said it was impossible when proposed to object to +<i>arri�re pens�e</i> of it, but said it was impossible when proposed to object to it, as the Emperor would put forward such a refusal as a pretext, and say that it would have prevented war. Two years ago he had a reliance upon the Emperor which he had no longer; that he was completely changed now from what he was, and @@ -8249,7 +8208,7 @@ Napoleon—The Emperor Napoleon and the 'Times.'</p></blockquote> <p><i>April 7th</i>, 1859.—The determination of the Government, announced in both Houses on Monday evening, took the world by surprise. Nobody thought there would be a dissolution. Derby's speech was very bad, much below his usual level. The -attack on John Russell which formed a chief part of it was merely a <i>r�chauff�</i> +attack on John Russell which formed a chief part of it was merely a <i>r�chauff�</i> of that of Disraeli, but very inferior to it in every respect. Disraeli in the other House spoke much better, and with more taste and temper. The Opposition leaders are evidently much taken aback; the Derbyites assert that they have @@ -8694,7 +8653,7 @@ may be considered as at an end. The sentiments of people here are of a very mixed and almost contradictory character, for they are on the whole anti-Austrian, anti-French, and though more indulgent than they deserve to the Sardinians, not favourable to them. The most earnest and general desire is that -we should keep out of the <i>m�l�e</i>, and any termination of the war would be +we should keep out of the <i>m�l�e</i>, and any termination of the war would be hailed with gladness, because we should thereby be relieved from our apprehensions of being involved in it. We should not be sorry to see the Austrians driven out of Italy for good and all, though most people would regret @@ -9022,7 +8981,7 @@ Austrian Army. He confirmed all previous accounts of the excellence of that army and the incompetency of its chiefs; that nothing could have saved the French Army at Magenta if the Austrians had been tolerably commanded; that Giulai, who had never seen any service, had been allowed to retain the command by the -influence of General Gr�nne, whose friend he is, and that the indignation and +influence of General Gr�nne, whose friend he is, and that the indignation and disgust of the army at having been thus sacrificed to Court favour and partiality had been extreme. He told me that at Solferino the Austrian<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_264" id="Page_264">[Pg 264]</a></span> loss was (within a fraction of) 20,000, the French 19,000, and the Sardinians 9,000 men; @@ -9120,7 +9079,7 @@ Sackville Street.</p> <div class="sidenote">VISIT TO IRELAND.</div> -<p><i>Bessborough, August 26th.</i>—I came here on Wednesday vi� Kilkenny. A very nice +<p><i>Bessborough, August 26th.</i>—I came here on Wednesday vi� Kilkenny. A very nice place, comfortable, and in as good order as any place in England. People apparently well off, and cottages clean and not uncomfortable.</p> @@ -9247,7 +9206,7 @@ and confined to his room. He was sitting there with Lady Clarendon, when Lady Gainsborough came in and told him that she was desired by the Queen to beg he would if possible move into the next room (the Lady-in-waiting's room) and establish himself there; that the Queen would come in, when all the ladies -present were to go away and leave her <i>t�te-�-t�te</i> with him. All this was done, +present were to go away and leave her <i>t�te-�-t�te</i> with him. All this was done, and she remained there an hour and a half, talking over everything, pouring all her confidences into his ears, and asking for his advice about everything. He said he had endeavoured to do as much good as he could by smoothing down her @@ -9329,7 +9288,7 @@ order to persuade us he will pretend to be entirely agreed with us in opinion, and only wishing to concert the most proper means of carrying out our common objects, and when he has thus cajoled us into a participation he will throw us over, and place us under the necessity of agreeing to what we disapprove, or of -putting ourselves <i>en d�saccord</i> with all Europe. He told me that John Russell +putting ourselves <i>en d�saccord</i> with all Europe. He told me that John Russell is supposed on the Continent to be the implacable enemy of the Catholic religion, and this will be a great disqualification for his acting at a Congress mainly composed of Catholic Powers; that this opinion, which is rife in Ireland, @@ -9415,7 +9374,7 @@ Reform—Mr. Gladstone's great Budget Speech—Opposition to the Treaty the Budget—Triumph of Mr. Gladstone—The Italian Correspondence—Democratic Opinions of Mr. Gladstone—Introduction of the Reform Bill—The Annexation of Savoy and Nice—Annexation of Tuscany to -Piedmont—The D�nouement of the Plot—Complete Apathy of the Country as to +Piedmont—The D�nouement of the Plot—Complete Apathy of the Country as to Reform—Lord Derby declines to interfere—Lord John's adverse Declaration to France—Consequences of Lord John's Speech against France—Our Position in Europe—Anecdote of the Crimean War—Designs of the Emperor Napoleon in @@ -9488,7 +9447,7 @@ Congress. The nomination of Hudson met with such opposition in the Cabinet that it was not pressed, and Lord Wodehouse was named instead. He is a clever man, well informed, speaks French fluently, and has plenty of courage and <i>aplomb</i>; his opinions are liberal, but not extravagant. Clarendon, who had him down at -the Grove, was pleased and satisfied with him. Granville is much <i>contrari�</i> +the Grove, was pleased and satisfied with him. Granville is much <i>contrari�</i> that Clarendon himself has not been asked to go, thinking justly that he would have much more weight than any other man, and would be far more likely to conduct our affairs in the Congress with credit and success; but Clarendon now @@ -9497,7 +9456,7 @@ conviction <i>was</i> that he would have accepted a proposal, and though for man reasons he would not have liked such a mission, I think he is somewhat mortified that it was not offered to him.</p> -<p>The recent appearance of the pamphlet of 'Le Pape et le Congr�s,'<a name="FNanchor_1_56" id="FNanchor_1_56"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_56" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> which has +<p>The recent appearance of the pamphlet of 'Le Pape et le Congr�s,'<a name="FNanchor_1_56" id="FNanchor_1_56"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_56" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> which has produced such a sensation and so much astonishment, has no doubt been a great thing for us, and rendered our diplomatic course much more easy and promis<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_278" id="Page_278">[Pg 278]</a></span>ing. Clarendon writes to me: 'This last pamphlet of the Emperor's is important and I @@ -9634,7 +9593,7 @@ interfere in an underhand manner, and have been constantly patting on the back the insurgent Italians, and, as Clarendon says, urging the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_282" id="Page_282">[Pg 282]</a></span> Emperor to go further than he wishes, or than he can do consistently with the engagement he has entered into. When Cowley was here some months ago, I remember his telling -me that one day when he met Cavour, either at Compi�gne or Paris, I forget +me that one day when he met Cavour, either at Compi�gne or Paris, I forget which, when it was the question of the Congress before the war, Cavour said to him, 'So you are going to have a Congress.' 'Yes,' said Cowley, 'thanks to you and all you have been doing in Italy.' 'Thanks to <i>me</i>!' cried Cavour, 'I like @@ -9889,7 +9848,7 @@ the Treaty, and looked forward with great alarm and aversion to the Budget. Clarendon shook his head, Overstone pronounced against the Treaty, the 'Times' thundered against it, and there is little doubt that it was unpopular, and becoming more so every<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_290" id="Page_290">[Pg 290]</a></span> day. Then came Gladstone's unlucky illness, which -compelled him to put off his <i>expos�</i>, and made it doubtful whether he would not +compelled him to put off his <i>expos�</i>, and made it doubtful whether he would not be physically disabled from doing justice to the subject. His doctor says he ought to have taken two months' rest instead of two days'. However, at the end of his two days' delay he came forth, and <i>consensu omnium</i> achieved one of the @@ -10071,7 +10030,7 @@ may (though probably he does not) think he has lived too long to be reserved at the last period of his political career for such mortification. The Emperor said to somebody, 'L'Europe boudera, mais ne fera rien,' and he is quite right. We seem to have arrived at the last act of the Italian drama, but it is still very -uncertain how the <i>d�nouement</i> will be worked out and what the Emperor's final +uncertain how the <i>d�nouement</i> will be worked out and what the Emperor's final will and pleasure will be. The Romagna seems to present the greatest difficulty; all the rest will find a tolerably easy solution. France will take what she wants of Savoy and give the rest to Switzerland, who upon those conditions is @@ -10306,7 +10265,7 @@ prejudice which no doubt existed in England against Austria and her system of government, which would not be sufficient to make us take any part against her. On comparing notes with Palmerston afterwards, Clarendon found that Louis Napoleon had put the same question to Palmerston, who had given him the same -answer. When they went to Compi�gne in November of the same year, they both had +answer. When they went to Compi�gne in November of the same year, they both had conversations separately of the same character, and when they afterwards compared notes and Clarendon asked Palmerston what impression the Emperor's words had left on his mind, Palmerston replied he thought either that the @@ -10956,7 +10915,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">debate on Russell's Reform Bill, <a href="#Page_298">298</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">debate on Paper Duties Bill, carried, <a href="#Page_311">311</a>, <a href="#Page_314">314</a></span><br /> <br /> -<span class="indent1">Cond�, Prince de, death of, ii. <a href="#Page_178">178</a></span><br /> +<span class="indent1">Cond�, Prince de, death of, ii. <a href="#Page_178">178</a></span><br /> <br /> <span class="indent1">Conservative party, tone of, against Lord Aberdeen, i. <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40680/40680-h/40680-h.htm#Page_17">17</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">violence of Tories towards Gladstone, <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40680/40680-h/40680-h.htm#Page_22">22</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11237,7 +11196,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">on fatal delay after battle of Alma, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on our interference at Naples, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">growing intimacy between France and Russia, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>;</span><br /> -<span class="indent2">on English Democracy, <i>� la</i> Guizot, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>;</span><br /> +<span class="indent2">on English Democracy, <i>� la</i> Guizot, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on French intrigue with Russia, <a href="#Page_58">58-59</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">pressure on King Bomba, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">converse with Lord Clarendon on Russian intrigue, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11247,7 +11206,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">on the proposed Conference at Paris (a farce), <a href="#Page_67">67</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on Low Church Bishops, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on state of England after war, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>;</span><br /> -<span class="indent2">on the Neufch�tel dispute, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>;</span><br /> +<span class="indent2">on the Neufch�tel dispute, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">goes to hear Spurgeon preach, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on Palmerston and Disraeli, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on our relations with France, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11293,7 +11252,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">confers with Brunnow on the Russian War, <a href="#Page_206">206</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on Lord John and Stanley, <a href="#Page_209">209</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on the Queen's letter to the Prince of Wales, <a href="#Page_213">213</a>;</span><br /> -<span class="indent2">confers with Clarendon on Compi�gne visit, <a href="#Page_215">215</a>;</span><br /> +<span class="indent2">confers with Clarendon on Compi�gne visit, <a href="#Page_215">215</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on Napoleon's designs, <a href="#Page_216">216</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on electric telegraph (1859), <a href="#Page_220">220</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">on general opposition to Austrian war, <a href="#Page_224">224</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11372,7 +11331,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">position of, at crisis, <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40680/40680-h/40680-h.htm#Page_115">115</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">Dukedom refused by, ii. <a href="#Page_120">120</a></span><br /> <br /> -<span class="indent1">Leopold, King of Belgians, his <i>d�m�l�s</i> with French Emperor, i. <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40680/40680-h/40680-h.htm#Page_102">102</a></span><br /> +<span class="indent1">Leopold, King of Belgians, his <i>d�m�l�s</i> with French Emperor, i. <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/40680/40680-h/40680-h.htm#Page_102">102</a></span><br /> <br /> <span class="indent1">'Leviathan,' afterwards 'Great Eastern,' the, attempted launch of, ii. <a href="#Page_128">128</a></span><br /> <br /> @@ -11505,7 +11464,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">attempted assassination of, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">threatened invasion of England, <a href="#Page_158">158</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">effect of Orsini attempt on, <a href="#Page_161">161</a>;</span><br /> -<span class="indent2">speech of, to Baron H�bner, <a href="#Page_217">217</a>;</span><br /> +<span class="indent2">speech of, to Baron H�bner, <a href="#Page_217">217</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">prevarication, <a href="#Page_220">220</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">supposed tenderness of, <a href="#Page_262">262</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">letter of, to King of Sardinia, <a href="#Page_273">273</a>;</span><br /> @@ -11582,7 +11541,7 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <span class="indent2">resignation of, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">catastrophe unexpected, <a href="#Page_166">166</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">amendments on India Bill defeated, <a href="#Page_202">202</a>;</span><br /> -<span class="indent2">visits Compi�gne with Lord Clarendon, <a href="#Page_215">215</a>;</span><br /> +<span class="indent2">visits Compi�gne with Lord Clarendon, <a href="#Page_215">215</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">forms second Administration, <a href="#Page_253">253</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">distrusts Napoleon, <a href="#Page_303">303</a>;</span><br /> <span class="indent2">attack of, on Neapolitan Minister, <a href="#Page_309">309</a></span><br /> @@ -11799,381 +11758,6 @@ recording something more worth reading.</p> <p class="centergap"><i>Spottiswoode & Co. Printers, New-street Square, London.</i></p> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Greville Memoirs (Third Part) -Volume II (of II), by Charles Cavendish Fulke Greville - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GREVILLE MEMOIRS, VOLUME II *** - -***** This file should be named 40681-h.htm or 40681-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/6/8/40681/ - -Produced by Paul Murray, Val Wooff and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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