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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40311 ***
+
+ CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS
+
+
+ GILMAN COLLAMORE & CO. INC.
+
+
+ 15 EAST 56th STREET
+ NEW YORK
+
+
+
+
+_Traditions and Old China_
+
+_Copyright, 1920, Gilman Collamore & Company, Inc._
+
+
+
+
+_Traditions and Old China_
+
+
+From early days when the ancients showed their appreciation of fine
+pottery and old glassware by burying "these most esteemed possessions"
+with the dead, fine china has been synonymous with culture and breeding.
+With our ancestors for generations we share the tradition that, just as
+first editions give prestige to one's book shelves, old china or the
+finest work of the modern kilns express readily that good taste and
+discrimination that is characteristic of our old families.
+
+A wealth of association and historic data is to be acquired from the study
+of the "fabrique marks" and periods of the master craftsmen. If in America
+there was a general tendency toward acquiring, even a smattering, of this
+knowledge, there would be less of these drawing-room atrocities which
+Arthur Hayden in his "Chats on English Earthenware" points out, "To have a
+modern set of vases adorning a Georgian cabinet is like putting new wine
+in old bottles."
+
+For the convenience of the seasoned collector, as well as the beginner,
+in this book is a representative list of better known marks by which china
+can be identified. While it is not possible to include a complete list,
+particularly those of extremely rare specimens, those compiled have
+particular reference to the marks of English china which is greatly in
+demand by collectors. These will suffice to enable the reader to identify
+pieces whenever encountered.
+
+The signatures or mark which the master craftsmen in earth or clay signed
+their products, just as a painter signs his work, were often specially
+designed devices of various kinds, often a combination of initials and
+dates. Each "fabrique mark" stands for a certain potter's art just as the
+modern trade-mark.
+
+Beginning more than a half century ago in the old La Farge House in lower
+Broadway (where John La Farge was born) the house of Gilman Collamore and
+Company has done much to develop an appreciation of fine china in America.
+It was one of the first houses to bring over from England and France
+china, both modern and old, for its American clients. At this time many
+fine specimens of old china are on view as well as complete stocks from
+the modern English and Continental manufacture.
+
+ GILMAN COLLAMORE & COMPANY, INC.
+ 15 EAST 56TH STREET
+ NEW YORK
+
+
+
+
+Germany and Austria
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+MEISSEN. Established in 1709. Mark used to 1712, in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+Mark used from 1712 to 1720, in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+About 1720, mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+1730, mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+1796. MARCOLINI (Director) PERIOD. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+Royal pieces only. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DRESDEN
+
+Present mark. This mark with two scratches across it shows imperfect
+pieces which may or may not have been decorated in the factory. Hard
+paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VIENNA
+
+Established in 1718. This mark first used in 1744. Hard paste.
+
+Royal factory discontinued in 1864.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BERLIN
+
+Established in 1751. Wegeleys' mark. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BERLIN
+
+In 1763 became a royal establishment. Mark in blue. Sometimes an eagle
+added.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BERLIN
+
+Different kind of sceptre. In blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BERLIN
+
+An extra mark used in 1830 with the sceptre, which is the present mark.
+This mark complete is never used except with perfect pieces decorated in
+the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are
+decorated outside of the factory.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+HOCHST, near MAYENCE
+
+Founded in 1720. This mark, used about 1740, in gold, red, or blue. Hard
+paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+HOCHST, near MAYENCE
+
+Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANKENTHAL
+
+1755 to 1761. First period. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANKENTHAL
+
+1799, second period. Carl Theodore. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANKENTHAL
+
+Phillipp Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANKENTHAL
+
+Joseph Adam Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANKENTHAL
+
+John Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANKENTHAL
+
+1800. Franz Bartolo (Director). Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NYMPHENBURG
+
+Established in 1747. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NYMPHENBURG
+
+Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NYMPHENBURG
+
+An early mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FURSTENBURG
+
+Established in 1750. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FURSTENBURG
+
+1758. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LUDWIGSBURG or KRONENBURG
+
+Established in 1758 to 1806. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LUDWIGSBURG
+
+First period. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LUDWIGSBURG
+
+Second period. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LUDWIGSBURG
+
+Hard paste. Mark in blue.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FULDA
+
+Established in 1763 to 1780. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FULDA
+
+Hard paste. The arms of Fulda.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+RUDOLSTADT
+
+Established in 1758. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+RAUENSTEIN
+
+Established in 1760. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIMBACH
+
+Established about 1761. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIMBACH
+
+Another mark. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIMBACH
+
+Another mark. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+GROSBREITENBACH
+
+Established about 1770. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+GROSBREITENBACH
+
+Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VOLKSTEDT
+
+Established 1762. C. V. sometimes added with the arms. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VOLKSTEDT
+
+Another mark. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VOLKSTEDT
+
+Another mark. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ANSPACH
+
+Established about 1718. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ANSPACH
+
+Generally accompanied by letter A. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ANSPACH
+
+Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ANSPACH
+
+Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+GOTHA
+
+Founded in 1780. Hard paste. Various marks.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+GERA
+
+Established about 1780. Marks in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ALT HALDENSTEBEN
+
+The factory of M. Nathusins. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHARLOTTENBURG
+
+Established in 1790. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BADEN-BADEN
+
+Established in 1753 to 1788. The edge of the ax in gold. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+COLOGNE
+
+Factory of M. L. Cremer. Enameled Fayence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+POPPLESDORF, near BONN
+
+Fayence and porcelain.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STRASBOURG
+
+Established about 1752. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NIDERVILLER
+
+Established in 1768. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ELBOGEN in BOHEMIA
+
+Established in 1815. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SCHLAKENWALD
+
+Established about 1800. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LEHAMMER or PIRKENHAMMER, near CARLSBAD
+
+Founded in 1802. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+HEREND
+
+Established 1839.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+HEREND
+
+Another mark.
+
+
+
+
+Russia and Poland
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+KORZEC
+
+Established about 1803. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Moscow
+
+Established in 1787. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ST. PETERSBURG
+
+Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ST. PETERSBURG
+
+Mark of Empress Catherine II. 1762 to 1796. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ST. PETERSBURG
+
+Monogram of Nicholas I. 1825 to 1855.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ST. PETERSBURG
+
+Established 1744. Mark in blue.
+
+
+
+
+Denmark
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+COPENHAGEN
+
+Established in 1772. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+
+
+
+Holland and Belgium
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+AMSTERDAM
+
+Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+AMSTERDAM
+
+Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+AMSTERDAM
+
+Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+TOURNEY
+
+Mark in gold represents a potter's kiln. Established in 1750. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+TOURNEY
+
+Mark in gold used after 1755. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+TOURNEY
+
+Used about 1755. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+HAGUE
+
+Factory established about 1775; ceased in 1785. Mark in gray. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DELFT
+
+Joost Thooft and Labouchere. Present mark Fayence.
+
+
+
+
+Switzerland
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NYON
+
+Established in 1790. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ZURICH
+
+Established about 1759. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+
+
+
+Italy and Spain
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NOVE
+
+1752. Mark in blue or red. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VENICE
+
+Mark in red. Majolica.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VENICE
+
+Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VENICE
+
+1720 to 1740. Soft paste. Mark in red.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VENICE
+
+Soft paste. Mark in red.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+TURIN
+
+Vineuf. Established about 1770. Dr. Gioanetti (Director). Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+TURIN
+
+Vineuf. Another mark. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DOCCIA
+
+Founded in 1735. Hard and soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DOCCIA
+
+Hard and soft paste. Another mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DOCCIA
+
+Hard and soft paste. Another mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CAPO DI MONTE
+
+Founded in 1736. This mark used from 1759. Factory abandoned in 1821. Soft
+paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CAPO DI MONTE
+
+Mark used from 1759. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CAPO DI MONTE
+
+Soft paste. Other marks.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MILAN
+
+Mark in blue. Fayence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MADRID
+
+BUEN RETIRO. Monogram of Charles III. Established in 1759 to 1812. Soft
+paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MADRID
+
+Soft paste. Another mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MADRID
+
+Mark in blue. First quality. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MADRID
+
+Mark in blue. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MADRID
+
+Mark in blue. Mark under crown is another form of the monogram of Charles
+III., the founder.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+OPORTO
+
+Established about 1790. Hard paste. Mark in gold or colors.
+
+
+
+
+England
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established in 1769. This mark both stamped and printed.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+WEDGWOOD, present mark on decorated china.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established about 1756.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established about 1780.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Imitations of WEDGWOOD.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established in 1730.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established 1790.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established in 1793 by Mr. John Davenport.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established about 1770, by Josiah Spode.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Copeland successor of Spode in 1833.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIVERPOOL
+
+Established in 1750.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIVERPOOL
+
+Established in 1756.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIVERPOOL
+
+Established in 1790.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LIVERPOOL
+
+This mark was used from 1822 to 1833.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PLYMOUTH
+
+Established 1760. William Cookworthy.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+YARMOUTH
+
+Absolon, only a decorator.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SWANSEA
+
+Established 1790. This mark used about 1815.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SWANSEA
+
+Mark in red.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WALES
+
+Established about 1813. Mark in red.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LEEDS
+
+Hartley Greens & Co. Established about 1770.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BRISTOL
+
+Established about 1770, by Richard Champion.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BRISTOL
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BRISTOL
+
+Ceased in 1777.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BOW
+
+Established about 1730. Ceased in 1775.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BOW
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BOW
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHELSEA
+
+The oldest mark. About 1747.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHELSEA
+
+Mark in red.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHELSEA
+
+First quality mark in gold.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DERBY
+
+Established 1751. This mark used before 1769.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DERBY-CHELSEA
+
+This mark in gold 1773.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CROWN DERBY
+
+Mark in blue used about 1780.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DERBY
+
+Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Director).
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DERBY
+
+Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Director).
+
+[Illustration]
+
+DERBY
+
+Mark used in 1860.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ROYAL CROWN DERBY
+
+Present mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Established 1751. Oldest mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Mark imitation of Dresden.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Generally on Chinese patterns.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+About 1751.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Used 1783 to 1788.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Used 1807 to 1813.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Used 1857 to 1862.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+WORCESTER
+
+Present mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE
+
+Established about 1751.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE
+
+An early mark in blue.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+COALPORT
+
+Established between 1780 and 1790.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+COALPORT
+
+[Illustration]
+
+COALPORT
+
+Present mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Established in 1791 by Mr. Thomas Minton.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Present mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LAMBETH and BURSLEM
+
+Doulton & Co.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+STAFFORDSHIRE
+
+Brown-Westhead, Moore & Co.
+
+
+
+
+France
+
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ST. CLOUD
+
+Established about 1695. Factory destroyed by fire in 1773; not rebuilt.
+Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ST. CLOUD
+
+This mark used from 1730 to 1762. Either in blue or graved in ware. The
+letter T stands for Tron, the name of the director. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CHANTILLY
+
+Established in 1735. Mark in blue or red. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ARRAS
+
+Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Factory ceased in 1786. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+MENECY
+
+Established in 1735. This mark is usually impressed; sometimes traced in
+blue. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ETIOLLES, near CORBEIL
+
+Established in 1768. Monnier, manufacturer. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BOURG LA REINE
+
+Established in 1773. Jacques & Jullien. Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS
+
+Established in 1750 by Jacques Capelle. These letters are engraved on the
+soft clay.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS
+
+The latter mark in blue. This mark occurs more frequently on Fayence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CLINGNANCOURT
+
+Established in 1775 by Pierre Deruelle. Mark in blue. Soft and hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CLINGNANCOURT
+
+Used on pieces of Chinese style. Mark in red. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+CLINGNANCOURT
+
+Mark of Monsieur Comte de Provence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ORLEANS
+
+Established in 1753 by M. Gerré. Hard and soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ORLEANS
+
+This mark used from 1808 to 1871, in blue or gold.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SARREGUEMINES
+
+Soft paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+SARREGUEMINES
+
+Soft paste and Fayence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VINCENNES
+
+Soft paste. Established in 1786.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+VINCENNES
+
+Soft paste. Another mark.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE FONTAINE AU ROY
+
+Established in 1773 by Jean Baptiste Locré. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. LAZARE
+
+Founded in 1773. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. ANTOINE
+
+Established in 1773. Morelle, manufacturer. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE DE LA ROQUETTE
+
+Established in 1773. Souroux, manufacturer. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. GROS CAILLON
+
+Established in 1773 by Advenir Lamarre. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE DE CLICHY
+
+Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+FRANCE
+
+A mark found on biscuit groups. Factory unknown.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE THIROUX
+
+Established in 1778. André Marie Lebeuf, manufacturer. Under the
+protection of Marie Antoinette. Mark in red. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
+
+Established in 1780. Dihl and Guerhard, manufacturers. Under the patronage
+of Duc d'Angoulême. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
+
+Another mark. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE DU FAUBOURG ST. DENIS
+
+Established in 1769. Under the protection of Charles Philippe Comte
+d'Artois, afterward Charles X. Factory discontinued in 1810.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+BELLEVILLE
+
+Established in 1790 by Jacob Petit. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
+
+Hard paste. Mark in blue.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+ROUEN
+
+Under the reign of Louis XV. Fayence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+LILLE
+
+Established in 1784 by Leperre Durot. Mark in red. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS
+
+M. Nast, manufacturer. Mark in red. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+PARIS
+
+Halley, manufacturer. First Empire mark in gold. Hard paste.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+NANCY
+
+Emile Gallé, manufacturer. Fayence and glass.
+
+
+
+
+Sevres
+
+Established at Vincennes in 1740.
+
+Removed from there to Sevres in 1756.
+
+King Louis XV. became sole proprietor in 1760.
+
+Soft paste was made until 1805. Since then only hard paste.
+
+
+The Sevres Marks
+
+FIRST ROYAL EPOCH
+
+1745 to 1792
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: VINCENNES.
+
+The letter A denotes the year 1753, continued to 1777. (Louis XV.)]
+
+[Illustration: SEVRES.
+
+Ornamented LL's. Date 1764.]
+
+[Illustration: SEVRES. Date 1778. (Louis XVI).
+
+Double letters continued to 1793.]
+
+
+FIRST REPUBLICAN EPOCH
+
+1792 to 1804
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: 1792 to 1799.]
+
+[Illustration: 1801 to 1804.]
+
+
+FIRST IMPERIAL EPOCH.
+
+1804 TO 1814.
+
+[Illustration: NAPOLEON. 1804 to 1809.]
+
+[Illustration: NAPOLEON. 1809 to 1814.]
+
+
+SECOND ROYAL EPOCH.
+
+1814 TO 1848.
+
+[Illustration: Louis XVIII 1814 to 1823.]
+
+[Illustration: Charles X. 1824 to 1829.]
+
+[Illustration: Charles X. 1829 and 1830.]
+
+[Illustration: Charles X. 1830.]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1831 to 1834.]
+
+[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1834-1835.]
+
+[Illustration: On services for the Palaces.]
+
+[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1845-1848.]
+
+[Illustration: After 1848, this mark in green was used for white
+porcelain.]
+
+
+SECOND REPUBLICAN EPOCH
+
+1848 TO 1851.
+
+[Illustration: The S stands for Sèvres, and 51 for 1851.]
+
+
+SECOND IMPERIAL EPOCH.
+
+1852 TO 1872.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+[Illustration: Napoleon III. From 1852.]
+
+[Illustration: This mark used for white pieces; when scratched it denotes
+issue undecorated.]
+
+[Illustration: The marks used at the present time.]
+
+
+Unknown Marks
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+Chronological Table
+
+Used in the Manufactory of Sevres
+
+ A (Vincennes) 1753
+ B (ditto) 1754
+ C (ditto) 1755
+ D 1756
+ E 1757
+ F 1758
+ G 1759
+ H 1760
+ I 1761
+ J 1762
+ K 1763
+ L 1764
+ M 1765
+ N 1766
+ O 1767
+ P 1768
+ Q [1]1769
+ R 1770
+ S 1771
+ T 1772
+ U 1773
+ V 1774
+ X 1775
+ Y 1776
+ Z 1777
+ AA 1778
+ BB 1779
+ CC 1780
+ DD 1781
+ EE 1782
+ FF 1783
+ GG 1784
+ HH 1785
+ II 1786
+ JJ 1787
+ KK 1788
+ LL 1789
+ MM 1790
+ NN 1791
+ OO 1792
+ PP 1793
+ QQ 1794
+ RR 1795
+
+ [1] This comet was sometimes substituted for the ordinary mark of the
+ letter Q.
+
+ [Illustration]
+
+ Year IX 1801 T9
+ " X 1802 X
+ " XI 1803 11
+ " XII 1804 [Illustration]
+ " XIII 1805 [Illustration]
+ " XIV 1806 [Illustration]
+
+
+ 1807 7
+ 1808 8
+ 1809 9
+ 1810 10
+ 1811 (onze) o.z.
+ 1812 (douze) d.z.
+ 1813 (treize) t.z.
+ 1814 (quatorze) q.z.
+ 1815 (quinze) q.n.
+ 1816 (seize) s.z.
+ 1817 (dix sept) d.s.
+
+From this date the year is expressed by the last two figures only.--thus,
+18 for 1818, etc.,--up to the present time.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of China and Pottery Marks, by Unknown
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40311 ***
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of China and Pottery Marks, by Unknown
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
-almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
-re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
-with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
-
-
-Title: China and Pottery Marks
-
-Author: Unknown
-
-Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40311]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Chris Curnow and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS
-
-
- GILMAN COLLAMORE & CO. INC.
-
-
- 15 EAST 56th STREET
- NEW YORK
-
-
-
-
-_Traditions and Old China_
-
-_Copyright, 1920, Gilman Collamore & Company, Inc._
-
-
-
-
-_Traditions and Old China_
-
-
-From early days when the ancients showed their appreciation of fine
-pottery and old glassware by burying "these most esteemed possessions"
-with the dead, fine china has been synonymous with culture and breeding.
-With our ancestors for generations we share the tradition that, just as
-first editions give prestige to one's book shelves, old china or the
-finest work of the modern kilns express readily that good taste and
-discrimination that is characteristic of our old families.
-
-A wealth of association and historic data is to be acquired from the study
-of the "fabrique marks" and periods of the master craftsmen. If in America
-there was a general tendency toward acquiring, even a smattering, of this
-knowledge, there would be less of these drawing-room atrocities which
-Arthur Hayden in his "Chats on English Earthenware" points out, "To have a
-modern set of vases adorning a Georgian cabinet is like putting new wine
-in old bottles."
-
-For the convenience of the seasoned collector, as well as the beginner,
-in this book is a representative list of better known marks by which china
-can be identified. While it is not possible to include a complete list,
-particularly those of extremely rare specimens, those compiled have
-particular reference to the marks of English china which is greatly in
-demand by collectors. These will suffice to enable the reader to identify
-pieces whenever encountered.
-
-The signatures or mark which the master craftsmen in earth or clay signed
-their products, just as a painter signs his work, were often specially
-designed devices of various kinds, often a combination of initials and
-dates. Each "fabrique mark" stands for a certain potter's art just as the
-modern trade-mark.
-
-Beginning more than a half century ago in the old La Farge House in lower
-Broadway (where John La Farge was born) the house of Gilman Collamore and
-Company has done much to develop an appreciation of fine china in America.
-It was one of the first houses to bring over from England and France
-china, both modern and old, for its American clients. At this time many
-fine specimens of old china are on view as well as complete stocks from
-the modern English and Continental manufacture.
-
- GILMAN COLLAMORE & COMPANY, INC.
- 15 EAST 56TH STREET
- NEW YORK
-
-
-
-
-Germany and Austria
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-MEISSEN. Established in 1709. Mark used to 1712, in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-Mark used from 1712 to 1720, in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-About 1720, mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-1730, mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-1796. MARCOLINI (Director) PERIOD. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-Royal pieces only. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-Present mark. This mark with two scratches across it shows imperfect
-pieces which may or may not have been decorated in the factory. Hard
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VIENNA
-
-Established in 1718. This mark first used in 1744. Hard paste.
-
-Royal factory discontinued in 1864.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-Established in 1751. Wegeleys' mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-In 1763 became a royal establishment. Mark in blue. Sometimes an eagle
-added.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-Different kind of sceptre. In blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-An extra mark used in 1830 with the sceptre, which is the present mark.
-This mark complete is never used except with perfect pieces decorated in
-the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are
-decorated outside of the factory.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HOCHST, near MAYENCE
-
-Founded in 1720. This mark, used about 1740, in gold, red, or blue. Hard
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HOCHST, near MAYENCE
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-1755 to 1761. First period. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-1799, second period. Carl Theodore. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-Phillipp Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-Joseph Adam Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-John Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-1800. Franz Bartolo (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYMPHENBURG
-
-Established in 1747. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYMPHENBURG
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYMPHENBURG
-
-An early mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FURSTENBURG
-
-Established in 1750. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FURSTENBURG
-
-1758. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG or KRONENBURG
-
-Established in 1758 to 1806. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG
-
-First period. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG
-
-Second period. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG
-
-Hard paste. Mark in blue.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FULDA
-
-Established in 1763 to 1780. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FULDA
-
-Hard paste. The arms of Fulda.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-RUDOLSTADT
-
-Established in 1758. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-RAUENSTEIN
-
-Established in 1760. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIMBACH
-
-Established about 1761. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIMBACH
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIMBACH
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GROSBREITENBACH
-
-Established about 1770. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GROSBREITENBACH
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VOLKSTEDT
-
-Established 1762. C. V. sometimes added with the arms. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VOLKSTEDT
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VOLKSTEDT
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Established about 1718. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Generally accompanied by letter A. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GOTHA
-
-Founded in 1780. Hard paste. Various marks.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GERA
-
-Established about 1780. Marks in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ALT HALDENSTEBEN
-
-The factory of M. Nathusins. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHARLOTTENBURG
-
-Established in 1790. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BADEN-BADEN
-
-Established in 1753 to 1788. The edge of the ax in gold. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COLOGNE
-
-Factory of M. L. Cremer. Enameled Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-POPPLESDORF, near BONN
-
-Fayence and porcelain.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STRASBOURG
-
-Established about 1752. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NIDERVILLER
-
-Established in 1768. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ELBOGEN in BOHEMIA
-
-Established in 1815. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SCHLAKENWALD
-
-Established about 1800. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LEHAMMER or PIRKENHAMMER, near CARLSBAD
-
-Founded in 1802. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HEREND
-
-Established 1839.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HEREND
-
-Another mark.
-
-
-
-
-Russia and Poland
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-KORZEC
-
-Established about 1803. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-Moscow
-
-Established in 1787. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Mark of Empress Catherine II. 1762 to 1796. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Monogram of Nicholas I. 1825 to 1855.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Established 1744. Mark in blue.
-
-
-
-
-Denmark
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COPENHAGEN
-
-Established in 1772. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-
-
-
-Holland and Belgium
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-AMSTERDAM
-
-Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-AMSTERDAM
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-AMSTERDAM
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TOURNEY
-
-Mark in gold represents a potter's kiln. Established in 1750. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TOURNEY
-
-Mark in gold used after 1755. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TOURNEY
-
-Used about 1755. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HAGUE
-
-Factory established about 1775; ceased in 1785. Mark in gray. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DELFT
-
-Joost Thooft and Labouchere. Present mark Fayence.
-
-
-
-
-Switzerland
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYON
-
-Established in 1790. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ZURICH
-
-Established about 1759. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-
-
-
-Italy and Spain
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NOVE
-
-1752. Mark in blue or red. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-Mark in red. Majolica.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-1720 to 1740. Soft paste. Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-Soft paste. Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TURIN
-
-Vineuf. Established about 1770. Dr. Gioanetti (Director). Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TURIN
-
-Vineuf. Another mark. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DOCCIA
-
-Founded in 1735. Hard and soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DOCCIA
-
-Hard and soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DOCCIA
-
-Hard and soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAPO DI MONTE
-
-Founded in 1736. This mark used from 1759. Factory abandoned in 1821. Soft
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAPO DI MONTE
-
-Mark used from 1759. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAPO DI MONTE
-
-Soft paste. Other marks.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MILAN
-
-Mark in blue. Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-BUEN RETIRO. Monogram of Charles III. Established in 1759 to 1812. Soft
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Mark in blue. First quality. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Mark in blue. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Mark in blue. Mark under crown is another form of the monogram of Charles
-III., the founder.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-OPORTO
-
-Established about 1790. Hard paste. Mark in gold or colors.
-
-
-
-
-England
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1769. This mark both stamped and printed.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-WEDGWOOD, present mark on decorated china.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established about 1756.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established about 1780.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Imitations of WEDGWOOD.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1730.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established 1790.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1793 by Mr. John Davenport.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established about 1770, by Josiah Spode.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Copeland successor of Spode in 1833.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-Established in 1750.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-Established in 1756.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-Established in 1790.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-This mark was used from 1822 to 1833.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PLYMOUTH
-
-Established 1760. William Cookworthy.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-YARMOUTH
-
-Absolon, only a decorator.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SWANSEA
-
-Established 1790. This mark used about 1815.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SWANSEA
-
-Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WALES
-
-Established about 1813. Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LEEDS
-
-Hartley Greens & Co. Established about 1770.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BRISTOL
-
-Established about 1770, by Richard Champion.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BRISTOL
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BRISTOL
-
-Ceased in 1777.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOW
-
-Established about 1730. Ceased in 1775.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOW
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOW
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHELSEA
-
-The oldest mark. About 1747.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHELSEA
-
-Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHELSEA
-
-First quality mark in gold.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Established 1751. This mark used before 1769.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY-CHELSEA
-
-This mark in gold 1773.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CROWN DERBY
-
-Mark in blue used about 1780.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Director).
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Director).
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Mark used in 1860.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ROYAL CROWN DERBY
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Established 1751. Oldest mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Mark imitation of Dresden.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Generally on Chinese patterns.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-About 1751.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Used 1783 to 1788.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Used 1807 to 1813.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Used 1857 to 1862.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE
-
-Established about 1751.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE
-
-An early mark in blue.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COALPORT
-
-Established between 1780 and 1790.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COALPORT
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COALPORT
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1791 by Mr. Thomas Minton.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LAMBETH and BURSLEM
-
-Doulton & Co.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Brown-Westhead, Moore & Co.
-
-
-
-
-France
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. CLOUD
-
-Established about 1695. Factory destroyed by fire in 1773; not rebuilt.
-Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. CLOUD
-
-This mark used from 1730 to 1762. Either in blue or graved in ware. The
-letter T stands for Tron, the name of the director. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHANTILLY
-
-Established in 1735. Mark in blue or red. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ARRAS
-
-Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Factory ceased in 1786. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MENECY
-
-Established in 1735. This mark is usually impressed; sometimes traced in
-blue. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ETIOLLES, near CORBEIL
-
-Established in 1768. Monnier, manufacturer. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOURG LA REINE
-
-Established in 1773. Jacques & Jullien. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS
-
-Established in 1750 by Jacques Capelle. These letters are engraved on the
-soft clay.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS
-
-The latter mark in blue. This mark occurs more frequently on Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CLINGNANCOURT
-
-Established in 1775 by Pierre Deruelle. Mark in blue. Soft and hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CLINGNANCOURT
-
-Used on pieces of Chinese style. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CLINGNANCOURT
-
-Mark of Monsieur Comte de Provence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ORLEANS
-
-Established in 1753 by M. Gerré. Hard and soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ORLEANS
-
-This mark used from 1808 to 1871, in blue or gold.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SARREGUEMINES
-
-Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SARREGUEMINES
-
-Soft paste and Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VINCENNES
-
-Soft paste. Established in 1786.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VINCENNES
-
-Soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE FONTAINE AU ROY
-
-Established in 1773 by Jean Baptiste Locré. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. LAZARE
-
-Founded in 1773. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. ANTOINE
-
-Established in 1773. Morelle, manufacturer. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE LA ROQUETTE
-
-Established in 1773. Souroux, manufacturer. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. GROS CAILLON
-
-Established in 1773 by Advenir Lamarre. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE CLICHY
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANCE
-
-A mark found on biscuit groups. Factory unknown.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE THIROUX
-
-Established in 1778. André Marie Lebeuf, manufacturer. Under the
-protection of Marie Antoinette. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
-
-Established in 1780. Dihl and Guerhard, manufacturers. Under the patronage
-of Duc d'Angoulême. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DU FAUBOURG ST. DENIS
-
-Established in 1769. Under the protection of Charles Philippe Comte
-d'Artois, afterward Charles X. Factory discontinued in 1810.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BELLEVILLE
-
-Established in 1790 by Jacob Petit. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
-
-Hard paste. Mark in blue.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ROUEN
-
-Under the reign of Louis XV. Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LILLE
-
-Established in 1784 by Leperre Durot. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS
-
-M. Nast, manufacturer. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS
-
-Halley, manufacturer. First Empire mark in gold. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NANCY
-
-Emile Gallé, manufacturer. Fayence and glass.
-
-
-
-
-Sevres
-
-Established at Vincennes in 1740.
-
-Removed from there to Sevres in 1756.
-
-King Louis XV. became sole proprietor in 1760.
-
-Soft paste was made until 1805. Since then only hard paste.
-
-
-The Sevres Marks
-
-FIRST ROYAL EPOCH
-
-1745 to 1792
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: VINCENNES.
-
-The letter A denotes the year 1753, continued to 1777. (Louis XV.)]
-
-[Illustration: SEVRES.
-
-Ornamented LL's. Date 1764.]
-
-[Illustration: SEVRES. Date 1778. (Louis XVI).
-
-Double letters continued to 1793.]
-
-
-FIRST REPUBLICAN EPOCH
-
-1792 to 1804
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: 1792 to 1799.]
-
-[Illustration: 1801 to 1804.]
-
-
-FIRST IMPERIAL EPOCH.
-
-1804 TO 1814.
-
-[Illustration: NAPOLEON. 1804 to 1809.]
-
-[Illustration: NAPOLEON. 1809 to 1814.]
-
-
-SECOND ROYAL EPOCH.
-
-1814 TO 1848.
-
-[Illustration: Louis XVIII 1814 to 1823.]
-
-[Illustration: Charles X. 1824 to 1829.]
-
-[Illustration: Charles X. 1829 and 1830.]
-
-[Illustration: Charles X. 1830.]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1831 to 1834.]
-
-[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1834-1835.]
-
-[Illustration: On services for the Palaces.]
-
-[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1845-1848.]
-
-[Illustration: After 1848, this mark in green was used for white
-porcelain.]
-
-
-SECOND REPUBLICAN EPOCH
-
-1848 TO 1851.
-
-[Illustration: The S stands for Sèvres, and 51 for 1851.]
-
-
-SECOND IMPERIAL EPOCH.
-
-1852 TO 1872.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: Napoleon III. From 1852.]
-
-[Illustration: This mark used for white pieces; when scratched it denotes
-issue undecorated.]
-
-[Illustration: The marks used at the present time.]
-
-
-Unknown Marks
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
-Chronological Table
-
-Used in the Manufactory of Sevres
-
- A (Vincennes) 1753
- B (ditto) 1754
- C (ditto) 1755
- D 1756
- E 1757
- F 1758
- G 1759
- H 1760
- I 1761
- J 1762
- K 1763
- L 1764
- M 1765
- N 1766
- O 1767
- P 1768
- Q [1]1769
- R 1770
- S 1771
- T 1772
- U 1773
- V 1774
- X 1775
- Y 1776
- Z 1777
- AA 1778
- BB 1779
- CC 1780
- DD 1781
- EE 1782
- FF 1783
- GG 1784
- HH 1785
- II 1786
- JJ 1787
- KK 1788
- LL 1789
- MM 1790
- NN 1791
- OO 1792
- PP 1793
- QQ 1794
- RR 1795
-
- [1] This comet was sometimes substituted for the ordinary mark of the
- letter Q.
-
- [Illustration]
-
- Year IX 1801 T9
- " X 1802 X
- " XI 1803 11
- " XII 1804 [Illustration]
- " XIII 1805 [Illustration]
- " XIV 1806 [Illustration]
-
-
- 1807 7
- 1808 8
- 1809 9
- 1810 10
- 1811 (onze) o.z.
- 1812 (douze) d.z.
- 1813 (treize) t.z.
- 1814 (quatorze) q.z.
- 1815 (quinze) q.n.
- 1816 (seize) s.z.
- 1817 (dix sept) d.s.
-
-From this date the year is expressed by the last two figures only.--thus,
-18 for 1818, etc.,--up to the present time.
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of China and Pottery Marks, by Unknown
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
-almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
-re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
-with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
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-
-Title: China and Pottery Marks
-
-Author: Unknown
-
-Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40311]
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-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ***
-
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-Produced by Chris Curnow and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive.)
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+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40311 ***</div>
<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="" /></div>
<p>&nbsp;</p><p>&nbsp;</p>
@@ -857,7 +818,7 @@ the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are decorated o
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img157.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>ORLEANS</strong></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1753 by M. Gerré. Hard and soft paste.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1753 by M. Gerré. Hard and soft paste.</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img158.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>ORLEANS</strong></td></tr>
@@ -881,7 +842,7 @@ the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are decorated o
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img163.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>PARIS. RUE FONTAINE AU ROY</strong></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1773 by Jean Baptiste Locré. Mark in blue. Hard paste.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1773 by Jean Baptiste Locré. Mark in blue. Hard paste.</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img164.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. LAZARE</strong></td></tr>
@@ -909,11 +870,11 @@ the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are decorated o
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img170.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>PARIS. RUE THIROUX</strong></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1778. André Marie Lebeuf, manufacturer. Under the protection of Marie Antoinette. Mark in red. Hard paste.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1778. André Marie Lebeuf, manufacturer. Under the protection of Marie Antoinette. Mark in red. Hard paste.</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img171.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>PARIS. RUE DE BONDY</strong></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1780. Dihl and Guerhard, manufacturers. Under the patronage of Duc d&#8217;Angoulême. Hard paste.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Established in 1780. Dihl and Guerhard, manufacturers. Under the patronage of Duc d&#8217;Angoulême. Hard paste.</td></tr>
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span><img src="images/img172.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>PARIS. RUE DE BONDY</strong></td></tr>
@@ -949,7 +910,7 @@ the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are decorated o
<tr><td valign="middle" align="center" rowspan="2"><img src="images/img180.jpg" alt="" /></td>
<td><strong>NANCY</strong></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Emile Gallé, manufacturer. Fayence and glass.</td></tr></table>
+<tr><td class="dent" valign="top">Emile Gallé, manufacturer. Fayence and glass.</td></tr></table>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/img181.jpg" alt="" /></div>
@@ -1025,7 +986,7 @@ SECOND ROYAL EPOCH.<br />1814 <span class="smcaplc">TO</span> 1848.<br />
SECOND REPUBLICAN EPOCH<br />1848 <span class="smcaplc">TO</span> 1851.<br /><br />
-<img src="images/img205.jpg" alt="" /><br />The S stands for Sèvres,<br />and 51 for 1851.<br />
+<img src="images/img205.jpg" alt="" /><br />The S stands for Sèvres,<br />and 51 for 1851.<br />
<br /><br />
@@ -1294,383 +1255,6 @@ SECOND IMPERIAL EPOCH.<br />1852 <span class="smcaplc">TO</span> 1872.<br />
<p><span style="margin-left: 4em;"><img src="images/img215.jpg" alt="" /></span></p>
-
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-<pre>
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of China and Pottery Marks, by Unknown
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
-almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
-re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
-with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
-
-
-Title: China and Pottery Marks
-
-Author: Unknown
-
-Release Date: July 24, 2012 [EBook #40311]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ASCII
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ***
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-
- CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS
-
-
- GILMAN COLLAMORE & CO. INC.
-
-
- 15 EAST 56th STREET
- NEW YORK
-
-
-
-
-_Traditions and Old China_
-
-_Copyright, 1920, Gilman Collamore & Company, Inc._
-
-
-
-
-_Traditions and Old China_
-
-
-From early days when the ancients showed their appreciation of fine
-pottery and old glassware by burying "these most esteemed possessions"
-with the dead, fine china has been synonymous with culture and breeding.
-With our ancestors for generations we share the tradition that, just as
-first editions give prestige to one's book shelves, old china or the
-finest work of the modern kilns express readily that good taste and
-discrimination that is characteristic of our old families.
-
-A wealth of association and historic data is to be acquired from the study
-of the "fabrique marks" and periods of the master craftsmen. If in America
-there was a general tendency toward acquiring, even a smattering, of this
-knowledge, there would be less of these drawing-room atrocities which
-Arthur Hayden in his "Chats on English Earthenware" points out, "To have a
-modern set of vases adorning a Georgian cabinet is like putting new wine
-in old bottles."
-
-For the convenience of the seasoned collector, as well as the beginner,
-in this book is a representative list of better known marks by which china
-can be identified. While it is not possible to include a complete list,
-particularly those of extremely rare specimens, those compiled have
-particular reference to the marks of English china which is greatly in
-demand by collectors. These will suffice to enable the reader to identify
-pieces whenever encountered.
-
-The signatures or mark which the master craftsmen in earth or clay signed
-their products, just as a painter signs his work, were often specially
-designed devices of various kinds, often a combination of initials and
-dates. Each "fabrique mark" stands for a certain potter's art just as the
-modern trade-mark.
-
-Beginning more than a half century ago in the old La Farge House in lower
-Broadway (where John La Farge was born) the house of Gilman Collamore and
-Company has done much to develop an appreciation of fine china in America.
-It was one of the first houses to bring over from England and France
-china, both modern and old, for its American clients. At this time many
-fine specimens of old china are on view as well as complete stocks from
-the modern English and Continental manufacture.
-
- GILMAN COLLAMORE & COMPANY, INC.
- 15 EAST 56TH STREET
- NEW YORK
-
-
-
-
-Germany and Austria
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-MEISSEN. Established in 1709. Mark used to 1712, in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-Mark used from 1712 to 1720, in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-About 1720, mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-1730, mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-1796. MARCOLINI (Director) PERIOD. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-Royal pieces only. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DRESDEN
-
-Present mark. This mark with two scratches across it shows imperfect
-pieces which may or may not have been decorated in the factory. Hard
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VIENNA
-
-Established in 1718. This mark first used in 1744. Hard paste.
-
-Royal factory discontinued in 1864.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-Established in 1751. Wegeleys' mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-In 1763 became a royal establishment. Mark in blue. Sometimes an eagle
-added.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-Different kind of sceptre. In blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BERLIN
-
-An extra mark used in 1830 with the sceptre, which is the present mark.
-This mark complete is never used except with perfect pieces decorated in
-the factory. Decorated pieces bearing the blue sceptre mark only are
-decorated outside of the factory.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HOCHST, near MAYENCE
-
-Founded in 1720. This mark, used about 1740, in gold, red, or blue. Hard
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HOCHST, near MAYENCE
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-1755 to 1761. First period. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-1799, second period. Carl Theodore. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-Phillipp Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-Joseph Adam Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-John Hanong (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANKENTHAL
-
-1800. Franz Bartolo (Director). Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYMPHENBURG
-
-Established in 1747. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYMPHENBURG
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYMPHENBURG
-
-An early mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FURSTENBURG
-
-Established in 1750. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FURSTENBURG
-
-1758. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG or KRONENBURG
-
-Established in 1758 to 1806. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG
-
-First period. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG
-
-Second period. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LUDWIGSBURG
-
-Hard paste. Mark in blue.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FULDA
-
-Established in 1763 to 1780. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FULDA
-
-Hard paste. The arms of Fulda.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-RUDOLSTADT
-
-Established in 1758. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-RAUENSTEIN
-
-Established in 1760. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIMBACH
-
-Established about 1761. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIMBACH
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIMBACH
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GROSBREITENBACH
-
-Established about 1770. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GROSBREITENBACH
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VOLKSTEDT
-
-Established 1762. C. V. sometimes added with the arms. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VOLKSTEDT
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VOLKSTEDT
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Established about 1718. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Generally accompanied by letter A. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ANSPACH
-
-Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GOTHA
-
-Founded in 1780. Hard paste. Various marks.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-GERA
-
-Established about 1780. Marks in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ALT HALDENSTEBEN
-
-The factory of M. Nathusins. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHARLOTTENBURG
-
-Established in 1790. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BADEN-BADEN
-
-Established in 1753 to 1788. The edge of the ax in gold. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COLOGNE
-
-Factory of M. L. Cremer. Enameled Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-POPPLESDORF, near BONN
-
-Fayence and porcelain.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STRASBOURG
-
-Established about 1752. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NIDERVILLER
-
-Established in 1768. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ELBOGEN in BOHEMIA
-
-Established in 1815. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SCHLAKENWALD
-
-Established about 1800. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LEHAMMER or PIRKENHAMMER, near CARLSBAD
-
-Founded in 1802. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HEREND
-
-Established 1839.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HEREND
-
-Another mark.
-
-
-
-
-Russia and Poland
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-KORZEC
-
-Established about 1803. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-Moscow
-
-Established in 1787. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Mark of Empress Catherine II. 1762 to 1796. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Monogram of Nicholas I. 1825 to 1855.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. PETERSBURG
-
-Established 1744. Mark in blue.
-
-
-
-
-Denmark
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COPENHAGEN
-
-Established in 1772. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-
-
-
-Holland and Belgium
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-AMSTERDAM
-
-Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-AMSTERDAM
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-AMSTERDAM
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TOURNEY
-
-Mark in gold represents a potter's kiln. Established in 1750. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TOURNEY
-
-Mark in gold used after 1755. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TOURNEY
-
-Used about 1755. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-HAGUE
-
-Factory established about 1775; ceased in 1785. Mark in gray. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DELFT
-
-Joost Thooft and Labouchere. Present mark Fayence.
-
-
-
-
-Switzerland
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NYON
-
-Established in 1790. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ZURICH
-
-Established about 1759. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-
-
-
-Italy and Spain
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NOVE
-
-1752. Mark in blue or red. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-Mark in red. Majolica.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-1720 to 1740. Soft paste. Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VENICE
-
-Soft paste. Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TURIN
-
-Vineuf. Established about 1770. Dr. Gioanetti (Director). Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-TURIN
-
-Vineuf. Another mark. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DOCCIA
-
-Founded in 1735. Hard and soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DOCCIA
-
-Hard and soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DOCCIA
-
-Hard and soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAPO DI MONTE
-
-Founded in 1736. This mark used from 1759. Factory abandoned in 1821. Soft
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAPO DI MONTE
-
-Mark used from 1759. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAPO DI MONTE
-
-Soft paste. Other marks.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MILAN
-
-Mark in blue. Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-BUEN RETIRO. Monogram of Charles III. Established in 1759 to 1812. Soft
-paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Mark in blue. First quality. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Mark in blue. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MADRID
-
-Mark in blue. Mark under crown is another form of the monogram of Charles
-III., the founder.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-OPORTO
-
-Established about 1790. Hard paste. Mark in gold or colors.
-
-
-
-
-England
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1769. This mark both stamped and printed.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-WEDGWOOD, present mark on decorated china.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established about 1756.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established about 1780.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Imitations of WEDGWOOD.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1730.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established 1790.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1793 by Mr. John Davenport.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established about 1770, by Josiah Spode.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Copeland successor of Spode in 1833.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-Established in 1750.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-Established in 1756.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-Established in 1790.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LIVERPOOL
-
-This mark was used from 1822 to 1833.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PLYMOUTH
-
-Established 1760. William Cookworthy.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-YARMOUTH
-
-Absolon, only a decorator.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SWANSEA
-
-Established 1790. This mark used about 1815.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SWANSEA
-
-Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WALES
-
-Established about 1813. Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LEEDS
-
-Hartley Greens & Co. Established about 1770.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BRISTOL
-
-Established about 1770, by Richard Champion.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BRISTOL
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BRISTOL
-
-Ceased in 1777.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOW
-
-Established about 1730. Ceased in 1775.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOW
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOW
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHELSEA
-
-The oldest mark. About 1747.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHELSEA
-
-Mark in red.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHELSEA
-
-First quality mark in gold.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Established 1751. This mark used before 1769.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY-CHELSEA
-
-This mark in gold 1773.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CROWN DERBY
-
-Mark in blue used about 1780.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Director).
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Mark used in 1830. Bloor (Director).
-
-[Illustration]
-
-DERBY
-
-Mark used in 1860.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ROYAL CROWN DERBY
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Established 1751. Oldest mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Mark imitation of Dresden.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Generally on Chinese patterns.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-About 1751.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Used 1783 to 1788.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Used 1807 to 1813.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Used 1857 to 1862.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-WORCESTER
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE
-
-Established about 1751.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CAUGHLEY. SHROPSHIRE
-
-An early mark in blue.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COALPORT
-
-Established between 1780 and 1790.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COALPORT
-
-[Illustration]
-
-COALPORT
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Established in 1791 by Mr. Thomas Minton.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Present mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LAMBETH and BURSLEM
-
-Doulton & Co.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-STAFFORDSHIRE
-
-Brown-Westhead, Moore & Co.
-
-
-
-
-France
-
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. CLOUD
-
-Established about 1695. Factory destroyed by fire in 1773; not rebuilt.
-Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ST. CLOUD
-
-This mark used from 1730 to 1762. Either in blue or graved in ware. The
-letter T stands for Tron, the name of the director. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CHANTILLY
-
-Established in 1735. Mark in blue or red. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ARRAS
-
-Established in 1782. Mark in blue. Factory ceased in 1786. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-MENECY
-
-Established in 1735. This mark is usually impressed; sometimes traced in
-blue. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ETIOLLES, near CORBEIL
-
-Established in 1768. Monnier, manufacturer. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BOURG LA REINE
-
-Established in 1773. Jacques & Jullien. Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS
-
-Established in 1750 by Jacques Capelle. These letters are engraved on the
-soft clay.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SCEAUX-PENTHIEVRE, near PARIS
-
-The latter mark in blue. This mark occurs more frequently on Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CLINGNANCOURT
-
-Established in 1775 by Pierre Deruelle. Mark in blue. Soft and hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CLINGNANCOURT
-
-Used on pieces of Chinese style. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-CLINGNANCOURT
-
-Mark of Monsieur Comte de Provence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ORLEANS
-
-Established in 1753 by M. Gerre. Hard and soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ORLEANS
-
-This mark used from 1808 to 1871, in blue or gold.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SARREGUEMINES
-
-Soft paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-SARREGUEMINES
-
-Soft paste and Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VINCENNES
-
-Soft paste. Established in 1786.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-VINCENNES
-
-Soft paste. Another mark.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE FONTAINE AU ROY
-
-Established in 1773 by Jean Baptiste Locre. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. LAZARE
-
-Founded in 1773. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. FAUBOURG ST. ANTOINE
-
-Established in 1773. Morelle, manufacturer. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE LA ROQUETTE
-
-Established in 1773. Souroux, manufacturer. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. GROS CAILLON
-
-Established in 1773 by Advenir Lamarre. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE CLICHY
-
-Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-FRANCE
-
-A mark found on biscuit groups. Factory unknown.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE THIROUX
-
-Established in 1778. Andre Marie Lebeuf, manufacturer. Under the
-protection of Marie Antoinette. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
-
-Established in 1780. Dihl and Guerhard, manufacturers. Under the patronage
-of Duc d'Angouleme. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
-
-Another mark. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DU FAUBOURG ST. DENIS
-
-Established in 1769. Under the protection of Charles Philippe Comte
-d'Artois, afterward Charles X. Factory discontinued in 1810.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-BELLEVILLE
-
-Established in 1790 by Jacob Petit. Mark in blue. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS. RUE DE BONDY
-
-Hard paste. Mark in blue.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-ROUEN
-
-Under the reign of Louis XV. Fayence.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-LILLE
-
-Established in 1784 by Leperre Durot. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS
-
-M. Nast, manufacturer. Mark in red. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-PARIS
-
-Halley, manufacturer. First Empire mark in gold. Hard paste.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-NANCY
-
-Emile Galle, manufacturer. Fayence and glass.
-
-
-
-
-Sevres
-
-Established at Vincennes in 1740.
-
-Removed from there to Sevres in 1756.
-
-King Louis XV. became sole proprietor in 1760.
-
-Soft paste was made until 1805. Since then only hard paste.
-
-
-The Sevres Marks
-
-FIRST ROYAL EPOCH
-
-1745 to 1792
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: VINCENNES.
-
-The letter A denotes the year 1753, continued to 1777. (Louis XV.)]
-
-[Illustration: SEVRES.
-
-Ornamented LL's. Date 1764.]
-
-[Illustration: SEVRES. Date 1778. (Louis XVI).
-
-Double letters continued to 1793.]
-
-
-FIRST REPUBLICAN EPOCH
-
-1792 to 1804
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: 1792 to 1799.]
-
-[Illustration: 1801 to 1804.]
-
-
-FIRST IMPERIAL EPOCH.
-
-1804 TO 1814.
-
-[Illustration: NAPOLEON. 1804 to 1809.]
-
-[Illustration: NAPOLEON. 1809 to 1814.]
-
-
-SECOND ROYAL EPOCH.
-
-1814 TO 1848.
-
-[Illustration: Louis XVIII 1814 to 1823.]
-
-[Illustration: Charles X. 1824 to 1829.]
-
-[Illustration: Charles X. 1829 and 1830.]
-
-[Illustration: Charles X. 1830.]
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1831 to 1834.]
-
-[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1834-1835.]
-
-[Illustration: On services for the Palaces.]
-
-[Illustration: Louis Philippe. 1845-1848.]
-
-[Illustration: After 1848, this mark in green was used for white
-porcelain.]
-
-
-SECOND REPUBLICAN EPOCH
-
-1848 TO 1851.
-
-[Illustration: The S stands for Sevres, and 51 for 1851.]
-
-
-SECOND IMPERIAL EPOCH.
-
-1852 TO 1872.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-[Illustration: Napoleon III. From 1852.]
-
-[Illustration: This mark used for white pieces; when scratched it denotes
-issue undecorated.]
-
-[Illustration: The marks used at the present time.]
-
-
-Unknown Marks
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
-Chronological Table
-
-Used in the Manufactory of Sevres
-
- A (Vincennes) 1753
- B (ditto) 1754
- C (ditto) 1755
- D 1756
- E 1757
- F 1758
- G 1759
- H 1760
- I 1761
- J 1762
- K 1763
- L 1764
- M 1765
- N 1766
- O 1767
- P 1768
- Q [1]1769
- R 1770
- S 1771
- T 1772
- U 1773
- V 1774
- X 1775
- Y 1776
- Z 1777
- AA 1778
- BB 1779
- CC 1780
- DD 1781
- EE 1782
- FF 1783
- GG 1784
- HH 1785
- II 1786
- JJ 1787
- KK 1788
- LL 1789
- MM 1790
- NN 1791
- OO 1792
- PP 1793
- QQ 1794
- RR 1795
-
- [1] This comet was sometimes substituted for the ordinary mark of the
- letter Q.
-
- [Illustration]
-
- Year IX 1801 T9
- " X 1802 X
- " XI 1803 11
- " XII 1804 [Illustration]
- " XIII 1805 [Illustration]
- " XIV 1806 [Illustration]
-
-
- 1807 7
- 1808 8
- 1809 9
- 1810 10
- 1811 (onze) o.z.
- 1812 (douze) d.z.
- 1813 (treize) t.z.
- 1814 (quatorze) q.z.
- 1815 (quinze) q.n.
- 1816 (seize) s.z.
- 1817 (dix sept) d.s.
-
-From this date the year is expressed by the last two figures only.--thus,
-18 for 1818, etc.,--up to the present time.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of China and Pottery Marks, by Unknown
-
-*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CHINA AND POTTERY MARKS ***
-
-***** This file should be named 40311.txt or 40311.zip *****
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