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@@ -1,38 +1,4 @@
-Project Gutenberg's The Letters of William James, Vol. 1, by William James
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
-almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
-re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
-with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license
-
-
-Title: The Letters of William James, Vol. 1
-
-Author: William James
-
-Editor: Henry James
-
-Release Date: July 23, 2012 [EBook #40307]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LETTERS OF WILLIAM JAMES V.1 ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Chuck Greif and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was
-produced from images available at The Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40307 ***
 
 THE LETTERS OF WILLIAM JAMES
 
@@ -485,7 +451,7 @@ To Mrs. Henry Whitman                                                308
 
 To his Sister                                                        309
 
-To Hugo Münsterberg                                                  312
+To Hugo Münsterberg                                                  312
 
 To Henry Holt                                                        314
 
@@ -517,7 +483,7 @@ To Francis Boott                                                     340
 
 To Henry James                                                       342
 
-To François Pillon                                                   343
+To François Pillon                                                   343
 
 To Shadworth H. Hodgson                                              343
 
@@ -628,7 +594,7 @@ Wilkinson (referred to as "Wilky"), 1845-1883; Robertson (referred to as
 He had five children. Their dates and the names by which they are
 referred to in the letters are: Henry ("Harry"), 1879; William
 ("Billy"), 1882; Hermann, 1884-1885; Margaret Mary ("Peggy," "Peg"),
-1887; Alexander Robertson ("Tweedie," "François"), 1890.
+1887; Alexander Robertson ("Tweedie," "François"), 1890.
 
 
 
@@ -878,7 +844,7 @@ after her death, but then always with a sort of tender reverence that he
 vouchsafed to no one else. She supplied an element of serenity and
 discretion to the councils of the family of which they were often in
 need; and it would not be a mistake to look to her in trying to account
-for the unusual receptivity of mind and æsthetic sensibility that marked
+for the unusual receptivity of mind and æsthetic sensibility that marked
 her two elder sons.
 
 During the three or four years that followed his marriage Henry James,
@@ -1165,8 +1131,8 @@ London and Paris governesses, tutors, and a private school of the sort
 that admits the irregularly educated children of strangers visiting the
 Continent, administered what must have been a completely discontinuous
 instruction. In Boulogne, William and his younger brother Henry
-attended the _Collège_ through the winter of 1857-58. This term at the
-_Collège de Boulogne_, during which he passed his sixteenth birthday,
+attended the _Collège_ through the winter of 1857-58. This term at the
+_Collège de Boulogne_, during which he passed his sixteenth birthday,
 was his earliest experience of thorough teaching, and he once said that
 it gave him his first conception of earnest work. Then, after a year at
 Newport, there was another European migration--this time to Geneva for
@@ -1272,10 +1238,10 @@ lessons in drawing than he had ever had elsewhere, and it seems fair to
 say that he made good use of his opportunity to educate his eye; saw
 good pictures; sketched and copied with zest; and began to show great
 aptitude in his own "daubings." From Bonn, later still, he wrote to his
-Genevese fellow student Charles Ritter: "Je me suis pleinement décidé à
-éssayer le métier de peintre. En un an ou deux je saurais si j'y suis
+Genevese fellow student Charles Ritter: "Je me suis pleinement décidé à
+éssayer le métier de peintre. En un an ou deux je saurais si j'y suis
 propre ou non. Si c'est non, il sera facile de reculer. Il n'y a pas sur
-la terre un objet plus déplorable qu'un méchant artiste."[18]
+la terre un objet plus déplorable qu'un méchant artiste."[18]
 
 He applied himself with energy to art for the following year at
 Newport, working daily in the studio of William Hunt, along with his
@@ -1371,13 +1337,13 @@ anecdote,--that frequent instrument of social oppression,--but he loved
 and told a good story when it would help the discussion along, and
 showed a fair gift of mimicry in relating one.[20]
 
-Once, in the early days of their acquaintance, François Pillon, who knew
+Once, in the early days of their acquaintance, François Pillon, who knew
 how affectionately James was attached to Harvard University and
 Cambridge and who assumed that he was a New Englander, asked him about
 the Puritans. James launched upon a vivacious sketch of their sombre
 community, and when he had finished Pillon ejaculated with mingled
 solicitude and astonishment: "Alors! pas un seul bon-vivant parmi vos
-ancêtres!" The story of the solemn-minded student who stemmed the full
+ancêtres!" The story of the solemn-minded student who stemmed the full
 tide of a lecture one day by exclaiming, "But, Doctor, Doctor!--to be
 serious for a moment--," is already well known.
 
@@ -1484,8 +1450,8 @@ Scientific School, Alexander Agassiz, engineer, captain of industry,
 eminent biologist, and organizer of the museum that his father had
 founded, the entomologist Samuel H. Scudder, F. W. Putnam, who
 afterwards became Curator of the Peabody Museum of Ethnology and
-Anthropology, and Alpheus Hyatt, the palæontologist, who was Curator of
-the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard for many years before his
+Anthropology, and Alpheus Hyatt, the palæontologist, who was Curator of
+the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard for many years before his
 death in 1902. The chemical laboratory of the school had just been
 placed under the charge of Charles W. Eliot,--in 1869 to become
 President Eliot,--who writes: "I first came in contact with William
@@ -1603,7 +1569,7 @@ I stopped this letter before tea, when Wilk the rosy-gilled and
 Higginson came in. I now resume it after tea by the light of a taper and
 that of the moon. This room is without gas and I must get some of the
 jovial Harry's abhorred kerosene tomorrow. Wilk read Harry's letter and
-amused me "metch" by his naïve interpretation of mother's most rational
+amused me "metch" by his naïve interpretation of mother's most rational
 request "that I should keep a memorandum of all monies I receive from
 Father." He thought it was that she might know exactly what sums the
 prodigal philosopher really gave out, and that mistrust of his
@@ -1786,7 +1752,7 @@ then!--probably a cold reception, half repellent, no fatted calf, no
 fresh-baked loaf of spicy bread,--but I dare not think of that side of
 the picture. I will ever hope and trust and my faith shall be justified.
 
-As Wilky has submitted to you a résumé of his future history for the
+As Wilky has submitted to you a résumé of his future history for the
 next few years, so will I, hoping it will meet your approval. Thus: one
 year study chemistry, then spend one term at home, then one year with
 Wyman, then a medical education, then five or six years with Agassiz,
@@ -2028,7 +1994,7 @@ _To his Sister_ (age 15).
 
 CAMBRIDGE, _Sept. 13, 1863_.
 
-CHÉRIE CHARMANTE DE BAL,--Notwithstanding the abuse we poured on each
+CHÉRIE CHARMANTE DE BAL,--Notwithstanding the abuse we poured on each
 other before parting and the (on _my_ part) feigned expressions of joy
 at not meeting you again for so many months, it was with the liveliest
 regret that I left Newport before your return. But I was obliged in
@@ -2086,7 +2052,7 @@ usual; Mrs. C. at Swampscott. [C. C.] Salter back, but morose. One or
 two new students, and Prof. [W. W.] Goodwin, who is a very agreeable
 man. Among other students, a son of Ed. Everett [William Everett], very
 intelligent and a capital scholar, studying law. He took honors at
-Cambridge, England. Tucks, _mère & fille_ away, _fils_ here....
+Cambridge, England. Tucks, _mère & fille_ away, _fils_ here....
 
 I send a photograph of Gen. Sickles for yours and Wilky's amusement. It
 is a part of a great anthropomorphological collection[28] which I am
@@ -2146,7 +2112,7 @@ diversified and amplified itself beyond the use of that appellation, was
 almost romantically "having its day."
 
     Grau, teurer Freund, ist alle Theorie,
-    Und grün des Lebens goldener Baum.[29]
+    Und grün des Lebens goldener Baum.[29]
 
 Thus Goethe, and Louis Agassiz, whose lectures James had already
 followed, and with the abundance of whose inspiring activity no other
@@ -2179,7 +2145,7 @@ collecting with Louis Agassiz were nine months wasted. There are some
 men whom it is an education to work under, even though the affair in
 hand be foreign to one's ultimate concern. Agassiz was such an one,
 "recognized by all as one of those naturalists in the unlimited sense,
-one of those folio-copies of mankind, like Linnæus and Cuvier." Thirty
+one of those folio-copies of mankind, like Linnæus and Cuvier." Thirty
 years after, James could still say of him: "Since Benjamin Franklin we
 had never had among us a person of more popularly impressive type.... He
 was so commanding a presence, so curious and enquiring, so responsive
@@ -2218,7 +2184,7 @@ _To his Mother._
 
 ...We have been detained 48 hours on this steamer in port on account of
 different accidents.... A dense fog is raging which will prevent our
-going outside as long as it lasts. Sapristi! c'est embêtant....
+going outside as long as it lasts. Sapristi! c'est embêtant....
 
 The Professor has just been expatiating over the map of South America
 and making projects as if he had Sherman's army at his disposal instead
@@ -2297,7 +2263,7 @@ tremendous. We had the best dinner I ever eat. Guess how much it cost.
 Brazilians are of a pale Indian color, without a particle of red and
 with a very aged expression. They are very polite and obliging. _All_
 wear black beaver hats and glossy black frock coats, which makes them
-look like _des épiciers endimanchés_. We all returned in good order to
+look like _des épiciers endimanchés_. We all returned in good order to
 the ship at 11 P.M., and I lay awake most of the night on deck listening
 to the soft notes of the vampire outside of the awning. (Not knowing
 what it was, we'll call it the vampire.) This morning Tom Ward and I
@@ -2324,7 +2290,7 @@ more sympathy with Bob and Wilk than ever, from the fact of my isolated
 circumstances being more like theirs than the life I have led hitherto.
 Please send them this letter. It is written as much for them as for
 anyone. I hope Harry is rising like a phoenix from his ashes, under
-the new régime. Bless him. I wish he or some person I could talk to were
+the new régime. Bless him. I wish he or some person I could talk to were
 along. Thank Aunt Kate once more. Kiss Alice to death. I think Father is
 the _wisest_ of all men whom I know. Give my love to the girls,
 especially the Hoopers. Tell Harry to remember me to T. S. P[erry] and
@@ -2347,7 +2313,7 @@ MY DEAREST OLD FATHER AND MY DEAREST OLD EVERYBODY AT HOME,--I've got so
 much to say that I don't well know where to begin.--I sent a letter
 home, I think about a fortnight ago, telling you about my small-pox,
 etc., but as it went by a sailing vessel it is quite likely that this
-may reach you first. That was written from the _maison de santé_ where I
+may reach you first. That was written from the _maison de santé_ where I
 was lying in the embrace of the loathsome goddess, and from whose hard
 straw bed, eternal chicken and rice, and extortionate prices I was
 released yesterday. The disease is over, and granting the necessity of
@@ -2416,8 +2382,8 @@ which makes me ashamed to say, "I can't do that." But I have a mental
 pride and shame which, although they seem more egotistical than the
 other kind, are still the only things that can stir my blood. These
 lines seem to satisfy me, although to many they would appear the height
-of indolence and contemptibleness: "Ne forçons point notre talent,--Nous
-ne ferions rien avec grâce,--Jamais un lourdaud, quoi-qu'il fasse,--Ne
+of indolence and contemptibleness: "Ne forçons point notre talent,--Nous
+ne ferions rien avec grâce,--Jamais un lourdaud, quoi-qu'il fasse,--Ne
 deviendra un galant." Now all the time I should be gone on this
 expedition I should have a pining after books and study as I have had
 hitherto, and a feeling that this work was not in my path and was so
@@ -2542,10 +2508,10 @@ additions?...
 _To his Parents._
 
 
-TEFFÉ (AMAZON), _Oct. 21, 1865_.
+TEFFÉ (AMAZON), _Oct. 21, 1865_.
 
-...I left the party up at Saõ Paulo the 20th of last month and got here
-the 16th of this, having gone up two rivers, the Içá and Jutay, and made
+...I left the party up at Saõ Paulo the 20th of last month and got here
+the 16th of this, having gone up two rivers, the Içá and Jutay, and made
 collections of fishes which were very satisfactory to the Prof. as they
 contained almost one hundred new species. On the whole it was a most
 original month, and one which from its strangeness I shall remember to
@@ -2581,7 +2547,7 @@ the Rio Negro for a month. The rest of us are going to the Madeira River
 in the steamer. I don't know what I shall do exactly, but there will
 probably be some canoeing to be done, in which case I'm ready; tho' the
 rainy season is beginning, which makes canoe traveling very
-uncomfortable. We shall be at Parâ by the middle of December certainly.
+uncomfortable. We shall be at Parâ by the middle of December certainly.
 I am very anxious to learn whether the New York and Brazilian steamers
 are to run. We may learn at Manaos, where there is also a chance for
 letters for us, and American papers. Why can't you send the "North
@@ -2647,7 +2613,7 @@ Washburns, La Farges, Paine, Childs, Elly Van Buren and in fact
 everybody who is in any way connected with me. Best of love to Aunt
 Kate, Wilk and Bob, Harry and all the family. I pine for Harry's
 literary _efforts_ and to see a number or so of the "Nation." You can't
-send too many magazines or papers--Care of James B. Bond, Parâ.
+send too many magazines or papers--Care of James B. Bond, Parâ.
 
 W. J.
 
@@ -2667,7 +2633,7 @@ interne. In the autumn he left the Hospital and resumed his studies in
 the Harvard Medical School.
 
 The Faculty of the School then included Dr. O. W. Holmes and Professor
-Jeffries Wyman. Charles Ed. Brown-Séquard was lecturing on the pathology
+Jeffries Wyman. Charles Ed. Brown-Séquard was lecturing on the pathology
 of the nervous system. During the years of James's interrupted course a
 number of men attended the school who were to be his friends and
 colleagues for many years thereafter--among them William G. Farlow,
@@ -2684,7 +2650,7 @@ The instruction given in the Harvard Medical School in the sixties was
 as good as any obtainable in America, but it fell short of what is
 nowadays reckoned as essential for a medical education to an extent that
 none but a modern student of medicine can understand. The emphasis was
-still on lectures, demonstrations and reading, and the pupil's rôle was
+still on lectures, demonstrations and reading, and the pupil's rôle was
 an almost completely passive one. James, according to the testimony of
 one of his classmates, made a solitary exception to the practice of the
 class by attempting to keep a graphic record of his microscopic studies
@@ -2754,7 +2720,7 @@ a horrible time at sea, being within 160 miles of New York and then
 blown back as far as St. Thomas. He says most of his collections arrived
 at Bahia spoiled by the sun. He was sixteen days crossing a limestone
 desert on which nothing grew but cacti; so there was no shade at noon,
-and the thermometer at 98°. His health has been improved by the voyage,
+and the thermometer at 98°. His health has been improved by the voyage,
 however, and he thinks it is better now than when he left for Brazil.
 Nevertheless he is going to give up natural history for the present and
 adopt some out-of-door life till he gets decidedly better, which he says
@@ -2817,8 +2783,8 @@ There, I hope that's a confession of faith. I wish you would write me a
 similar or even more "developed" one, for I really want to know how the
 building up into flesh and blood of the wide-sweeping plans that the
 solitudes of Brazil gave birth to seems to alter them. Write soon, and
-I'll answer soon; for I think, Chéri de Thomas, que ce doux commerce que
-nous avons mené tant d'années ought not all of a sudden to die out. I'd
+I'll answer soon; for I think, Chéri de Thomas, que ce doux commerce que
+nous avons mené tant d'années ought not all of a sudden to die out. I'd
 give a great deal to see you, but see no prospect of getting to New York
 for a long time. Our family spends six months at Swampscott from the
 first of May. I shall have a room in town. What chance is there of your
@@ -2835,7 +2801,7 @@ _To Thomas W. Ward._
 
 BOSTON, _June 8, 1866_.
 
-CHÉRI DE THOMAS,--I cannot exactly say I _hasten_ to reply to your
+CHÉRI DE THOMAS,--I cannot exactly say I _hasten_ to reply to your
 letter. I have thought of you about every day since I received it, and
 given you a Brazilian hug therewith, and wanted to write to you; but
 having been in a pretty unsettled theoretical condition myself, from
@@ -2927,7 +2893,7 @@ _To his Sister._
 
 CAMBRIDGE, _Nov. 14, 1866_.
 
-CHÉRIE DE JEUNE BALLE,--I am just in from town in the keen, cold and eke
+CHÉRIE DE JEUNE BALLE,--I am just in from town in the keen, cold and eke
 beauteous moonlight, which by the above qualities makes me think of
 thee, to whom, nor to whose aunt, have I (not) yet written. (I don't
 understand the grammar of the not.)
@@ -3251,7 +3217,7 @@ the pictures, but said nothing that was not commonplace. I have as yet
 only had a mere glimpse at the Gallery, but will do it thoroughly before
 I leave. I'd give anything if Harry could see some of the Venetian
 things there, and the Shepherds' Adoration of Correggio, which he
-probably knows, or rather _méconnaît_, by prints which give nought but
+probably knows, or rather _méconnaît_, by prints which give nought but
 the rather unpleasant and, unless you are let into the secret,
 motivelessly eccentric drawing. But it would take Victor Hugo to find
 the proper antithetic epithets to describe the combined gladness and
@@ -3264,24 +3230,24 @@ exalt one thing at the expense of its neighbors, which is very unjust to
 them; but by taking it easily and letting the pictures do their own work
 I think it will all come right. Mr. Paul Veronese had _eyes_, anyhow. I
 am sure it would be the making of John La Farge to come abroad, alone,
-if no other way. Dis lui, Henry, que je lui écrirai tantôt à ce sujet.
+if no other way. Dis lui, Henry, que je lui écrirai tantôt à ce sujet.
 
 I have been having a literary debauch to start in the language with, but
 am getting down again to medicine. The enthusiastic, oratorical and
 eloquent Schiller, the wise and exquisite Goethe, and the virile and
 human Lessing have in turn held me entranced by their _Dramal_. Je te
-recommande, Henry, "Emilia Galotti" comme étude. C'est serré comme du
-chêne, rapide comme l'avalanche, toute la retenue et la vigueur de
-Merimée, et au fond un gros coeur dont la tendresse comprimée
-n'échappe que par des phrases dont la sobriété même déchire, ou bien par
+recommande, Henry, "Emilia Galotti" comme étude. C'est serré comme du
+chêne, rapide comme l'avalanche, toute la retenue et la vigueur de
+Merimée, et au fond un gros coeur dont la tendresse comprimée
+n'échappe que par des phrases dont la sobriété même déchire, ou bien par
 du bitter irony. Lessing seems to have a religious feeling that people
 miss in Goethe, and seems to be a great deal deeper than Schiller,
 though, of course, he is a far more homespun character. I have been
 reading Goethe's "Italienische Reise." It is perfectly fascinating; but
 you can read very little of it at a time, it is so damnably tedious, and
 you can't bear to skip. Paradoxical as it may appear, there is a deal of
-_naïveté_ in the old cuss. Attends donc un peu que mon grand article sur
-Goethe apparaisse dans "L'Américain du Nord!"
+_naïveté_ in the old cuss. Attends donc un peu que mon grand article sur
+Goethe apparaisse dans "L'Américain du Nord!"
 
 I expect T. S. Perry here in a fortnight on his way from Venice. You may
 imagine with what joy. I have just been interrupted by the supper, which
@@ -3383,7 +3349,7 @@ skin thereof. To hear the grass grow from morn till night is their
 happy occupation. There is something that strikes me as corrupt,
 immodest in this incessant taste for explaining things in this
 mechanical way; but the era of it may be past now--I don't know. I speak
-only of æsthetic matters, of course. The political moment both here and
+only of æsthetic matters, of course. The political moment both here and
 in Austria is extremely interesting to one who has a political sense,
 and even I am beginning to have an opinion--and one all in favor of
 Prussia's victory and supremacy as a great practical stride towards
@@ -3660,7 +3626,7 @@ within the family treasury in consequence of my exertions, I shall feel
 glad that I have made them. I have not seen Grimm yet as he is in
 Switzerland. In his writings he is possessed of real imagination and
 eloquence, chiefly in an ethical line, and the novel is really
-_distingué_, somewhat as Cherbuliez's are, only with rather a deficiency
+_distingué_, somewhat as Cherbuliez's are, only with rather a deficiency
 on the physical and animal side. He is, to my taste, too idealistic, and
 Father would scout him for his arrant moralism. Goethe seems to have
 mainly suckled him, and the manner of this book is precisely that of
@@ -3671,7 +3637,7 @@ it justly and impartially. In short, a rather painstaking liberality and
 want of careless animal spirits--which, by the bye, seem to be rather
 characteristics of the rising generation. But enough of him. The notice
 was mere taskwork. I could not get up a spark of interest in it, and I
-should not think it would be _d'actualité_ for the "Nation." Still, I
+should not think it would be _d'actualité_ for the "Nation." Still, I
 could think of nothing else to do, and was bound to do something.[37]
 ...
 
@@ -3734,7 +3700,7 @@ suppose to its being in German. I have just got settled down
 again--after a nearly-two-months' debauch on French fiction, during
 which time Mrs. Sand, the fresh, the bright, the free; the somewhat
 shrill but doughty Balzac, who has risen considerably in my esteem or
-rather in my affection; Théophile Gautier the good, the golden-mouthed,
+rather in my affection; Théophile Gautier the good, the golden-mouthed,
 in turn captivated my attention; not to speak of the peerless
 Erckmann-Chatrian, who renews one's belief in the succulent harmonies of
 creation--and a host of others. I lately read Diderot, "OEuvres
@@ -3742,8 +3708,8 @@ Choisies," 2 vols., which are entertaining to the utmost from their
 animal spirits and the comic modes of thinking, speaking and behaving of
 the time. Think of meeting continually such delicious sentences as
 this,--he is speaking of the educability of beasts,--"Et peut-on savoir
-jusqu'où l'usage des mains porterait les singes s'ils avaient le loisir
-comme la faculté d'inventer, et si la frayeur continuelle que leur
+jusqu'où l'usage des mains porterait les singes s'ils avaient le loisir
+comme la faculté d'inventer, et si la frayeur continuelle que leur
 inspirent les hommes ne les retenait dans l'abrutissement"!!! But I must
 pull up, as I have to write to Father still....
 
@@ -3892,7 +3858,7 @@ entrance of the Rev. H. W. Foote of Stone Chapel.... The excellent
 little man had presented himself a few evenings before, bringing me from
 Dresden a very characteristic note from Elizabeth Peabody (in which
 among other things she says she is "on the wing for Italy"--she is as
-_folâtre_ a creature as your friend Mrs. W----), and we have dined
+_folâtre_ a creature as your friend Mrs. W----), and we have dined
 together every day since, and had agreed to go to hear "Fidelio"
 together at the Opera that evening. Foote is really a good man and I
 shall prosecute his friendship every moment of his stay here; seems to
@@ -3918,7 +3884,7 @@ must not be led by that name to imagine, as I always used to, an avenue
 over-shadowed by patriarchal lime trees, whose branches form a long
 arch. The "Linden" are two rows of small, scrubby, abortive
 horse-chestnuts, beeches, limes and others, planted like the trees in
-Commonwealth Avenue.) Zennig's is a table-d'hôte, so-called
+Commonwealth Avenue.) Zennig's is a table-d'hôte, so-called
 notwithstanding the unities of hour and table are violated. You have
 soup, three courses, and dessert or coffee and cheese for 12-1/2
 Groschen if you buy 14 tickets, and I shall probably dine there all
@@ -3937,7 +3903,7 @@ used to drive dull care away by writing her short notes in the Bohemian
 tongue such as; "Navzdy budes v me mysli Irohm pamatkou," _i.e._,
 forever bloomest thou in my memory;--"dej mne tooji bodo biznu," give me
 your photograph; and isolated phrases as "Mlaxik, Dicka, pritel,
-pritelkyne," _i.e._, Jüngling, Mädchen, Freund, Freundinn; "mi luja," I
+pritelkyne," _i.e._, Jüngling, Mädchen, Freund, Freundinn; "mi luja," I
 love, etc. These were carried to her by the chambermaid, and the style,
 a little more florid than was absolutely _required_ by mere courtesy,
 was excused by her on the ground of my limited acquaintance with the
@@ -3960,7 +3926,7 @@ he is a better fellow than he seemed at first sight. I will leave this
 letter open till tomorrow to let you know what happens at the tavern,
 and whether the boon companions are old-clothes men, or Christian
 gentlemen. Good-night, my darling sister! Sei tausend mal von mir
-geküsst.[39] Give my best love to Father, Mother, Aunt Kate, the boys
+geküsst.[39] Give my best love to Father, Mother, Aunt Kate, the boys
 and everyone. Ever yr. loving bro.,
 
 WM. JAMES.
@@ -3992,9 +3958,9 @@ _To his Sister._
 
 BERLIN, _Nov. 19, 1867_.
 
-SÜSS BALCHEN!--I stump wearily up the three flights of stairs after my
+SÃœSS BALCHEN!--I stump wearily up the three flights of stairs after my
 dinner to this lone room where no human company but a ghastly lithograph
-of Johannes Müller and a grinning skull are to cheer me. Out in the
+of Johannes Müller and a grinning skull are to cheer me. Out in the
 street the slaw and fine rain is falling as if it would never stop--the
 sky is low and murky, and the streets filled with water and that finely
 worked-up paste of mud which never is seen on our continent. For some
@@ -4054,7 +4020,7 @@ translation of a German introduction to Kant, which he bought last
 winter! By return of mail! And if not convenient to send the books, to
 write me the name of the author of the last-mentioned one, which I have
 forgotten. It behooves me to learn something of the "Philosopher of
-Königsberg," and I want these to ease the way. I sincerely hope that
+Königsberg," and I want these to ease the way. I sincerely hope that
 these words may not be utterly thrown away.
 
 I got a letter from Mother the day after I wrote last week to Harry,
@@ -4213,7 +4179,7 @@ improves a good deal as he grows older.
 
 Berlin is a bleak and unfriendly place. The inhabitants are rude and
 graceless, but must conceal a solid worth beneath it. I only know seven
-of them, and they are of the _élite_. It is very hard getting acquainted
+of them, and they are of the _élite_. It is very hard getting acquainted
 with them, as you have to make all the advances yourself; and your
 antagonist shifts so between friendliness and a drill sergeant's formal
 politeness that you never know exactly on what footing you stand with
@@ -4277,7 +4243,7 @@ tell you. He lived with Architect Ware in Paris, and Ware received a
 visit from Dr. Bowditch and Mr. Dixwell last summer. The concierge woman
 was terribly impressed by the personal majesty of your uncles,
 particularly of Dr. Bowditch, of whom she said: "Il a le grand air, tout
-à fait comme Christophe Colomb!" It would be curious to understand
+à fait comme Christophe Colomb!" It would be curious to understand
 exactly who and what she thought C. C. was, or whether she would have
 thought Mr. Dixwell like Americus Vespucius if she had known _him_.
 
@@ -4408,7 +4374,7 @@ water there--by keeping on long enough. But I really don't think it so
 _all_-important what our occupation is, so long as we do respectably and
 keep a clean bosom. Whatever we are _not_ doing is pretty sure to come
 to us at intervals, in the midst of our toil, and fill us with pungent
-regrets that it is lost to us. I have felt so about zoölogy whenever I
+regrets that it is lost to us. I have felt so about zoölogy whenever I
 was not studying it, about anthropology when studying physiology, about
 practical medicine lately, now that I am cut off from it, etc., etc.,
 etc.; and I conclude that that sort of nostalgia is a necessary incident
@@ -4585,7 +4551,7 @@ yet bridged the way up to complete soundness.
 I have been feeling for a month past that I ought to come here, but an
 effeminate shrinking from loneliness and so forth, and the inhuman
 blackness of the weather kept me from it. Now that I am here, I am only
-sorry I deferred it so long. I found the _Fürstenbad_ open, and with
+sorry I deferred it so long. I found the _Fürstenbad_ open, and with
 four other "cure-guests" in it. All its varletry, male and female, fat
 as wood-chucks from their winter's repose; a theatre (!) going in town
 three times a week; the head waiter of the restaurant where in the
@@ -4606,7 +4572,7 @@ much for Teplitz.
 Sunday before last Mrs. Bancroft told me that the most beautiful woman
 in Berlin had asked after me with affection and expressed a desire to
 see me. After making me guess in vain she told me that it was Mrs.
-Lieutenant Pertz, _née_ Emma Wilkinson.[43] I went to see her and found
+Lieutenant Pertz, _née_ Emma Wilkinson.[43] I went to see her and found
 her looking hardly a day older or different, and certainly very
 good-looking, though probably Mrs. B.'s description was exaggerated. She
 had the sweetest and simplest of manners and asked all about the family,
@@ -4616,7 +4582,7 @@ She has three fine children, much more of the British than the German
 type, and it was right pleasant to see her. She has very handsome brown
 eyes. Nice manners are a very charming thing, and some of the ladies
 here might set a good example to some _other_ young ladies I might
-mention (who do not live 100 miles from Quincy Street); Fräulein
+mention (who do not live 100 miles from Quincy Street); Fräulein
 Borneman, for example. Let Alice cultivate a manner clinging yet
 self-sustained, reserved yet confidential; let her face beam with
 serious beauty, and glow with quiet delight at having you speak to her;
@@ -4638,7 +4604,7 @@ WM. JAMES.
 _To Henry James._
 
 
-FÜRSTENBAD, TEPLITZ, _Mar. 4, 1868_.
+FÃœRSTENBAD, TEPLITZ, _Mar. 4, 1868_.
 
 ...I have been admitted to the intimacy of a family here named G----,
 who keep a hotel and restaurant. Immense, bulky, garrulous, kind-hearted
@@ -4701,7 +4667,7 @@ which everything metaphysical or psychological must be _referred_. I
 wish I had read it earlier. It is very slow reading and I shall only
 give it a couple of hours daily.
 
-I got a little book by a number of authors, "L'Année 1867
+I got a little book by a number of authors, "L'Année 1867
 Philosophique," which may interest you if you have not got it already.
 The introduction, a review of the state of philosophy in France for some
 years back, is by one Charles Renouvier, of whom I never heard before
@@ -4929,7 +4895,7 @@ might have other thoughts"--need be the definition of an illusion. At
 any rate, I will assume for the present--until next year--that it is no
 illusion. My first act of free will shall be to believe in free will.
 For the remainder of the year, I will abstain from the mere speculation
-and contemplative _Grüblei_[48] in which my nature takes most delight,
+and contemplative _Grüblei_[48] in which my nature takes most delight,
 and voluntarily cultivate the feeling of moral freedom, by reading books
 favorable to it, as well as by acting. After the first of January, my
 callow skin being somewhat fledged, I may perhaps return to metaphysical
@@ -5014,10 +4980,10 @@ I read a little while ago Chambers's "Clinical Lectures," which are
 exceedingly interesting and able. The lectures on indigestion in the
 volume are worth, in quality, ten such books as that Guipon I left in
 Paris, though more limited in subject. I have been trying to get "Hilton
-on Rest and Pain," which you recommended, from the Athenæum, but, _more
+on Rest and Pain," which you recommended, from the Athenæum, but, _more
 librorum_, when you want 'em, it keeps "out." ...
 
-I hope this letter is _décousue_ enough for you. What is a man to write
+I hope this letter is _décousue_ enough for you. What is a man to write
 when a reef is being taken in his existence, and absence from thought
 and life is all he aspires to. Better times will come, though, and with
 them better letters. Good-bye! Ever yours,
@@ -5074,8 +5040,8 @@ _March_ [?], 1869.
 cynical isolation in which we live with our heart's best brothers
 sometimes comes over me with a deep bitterness, and I had a little while
 ago an experience of life which woke up the spiritual monad within me as
-has not happened more than once or twice before in my life. "Malgré la
-vue des misères où nous vivons et qui nous tiennent par la gorge," there
+has not happened more than once or twice before in my life. "Malgré la
+vue des misères où nous vivons et qui nous tiennent par la gorge," there
 is an inextinguishable spark which will, when we least expect it, flash
 out and reveal the existence, at least, of something real--of reason at
 the bottom of things. I can't tell you how it was now. I'm swamped in an
@@ -5172,7 +5138,7 @@ war.
 If you want some good light German reading, let me advise you to try at
 least the first half of Jung-Stilling's autobiography. He was a pious
 German who lived through the latter half of the last century, and wrote
-with the utmost vividness and naïveté all his experiences, that the
+with the utmost vividness and naïveté all his experiences, that the
 glory of God's Providence might be increased. I read it with great
 delight a few weeks since; it merits the adjective _fresh_ as well as
 most books.
@@ -5186,7 +5152,7 @@ you'll wake up some morning--a physiologist--just as the man who takes a
 daily drink finds himself unexpectedly a drunkard. I wish I'd asked you
 sooner to send me a photograph of Bernard and Vulpian--or any other
 Parisian medical men worth having--is it too late now?--and too late for
-Pflüger? I address this still to Bonn, supposing they'll send it after
+Pflüger? I address this still to Bonn, supposing they'll send it after
 you if you've gone.
 
 Write soon to yours affectionately,
@@ -5263,7 +5229,7 @@ say, especially in the spring. The winter is man's enemy, he must exert
 himself against it to live, or it will squeeze him in one night out of
 existence. So it is hateful to a sick man, and all the greater is the
 peace of the latter when it yields to a time when nature seems to
-coöperate with life and float one passively on. But I hear Father
+coöperate with life and float one passively on. But I hear Father
 arriving and I must go down to hear his usual _compte rendu_.[54]
 
        *       *       *       *       *
@@ -5402,12 +5368,12 @@ modification of positive belief, and the extremes, even if they had no
 respect for each other and no desire for mutual accommodation (which I
 think at bottom they have), would yet be kept from cutting each other's
 throats by the intermediate links. But in France Belief and Denial are
-separated by a chasm. The step once made, "écrasez l'infâme" is the only
-watchword on each side. How any order is possible except by a Cæsar to
+separated by a chasm. The step once made, "écrasez l'infâme" is the only
+watchword on each side. How any order is possible except by a Cæsar to
 hold the balance, it is hard to see. But I don't want to dose you with
 my crude speculations. This difference was brought home vividly to me by
 reading yesterday in the "Revue des Deux Mondes" for last December a
-splendid little story, "Histoire d'un Sous-Maître," by Erckmann-Chatrian,
+splendid little story, "Histoire d'un Sous-Maître," by Erckmann-Chatrian,
 and what was uppermost in my mind came out easiest in writing.
 
 I shall be overjoyed to see you in September, but expect to hear from
@@ -5434,50 +5400,50 @@ _To Charles Renouvier._
 CAMBRIDGE, _Nov. 2, 1872_.
 
 MONSIEUR,--Je viens d'apprendre par votre "Science de la Morale," que
-l'ouvrage de M. Lequier, auquel vous faites renvoi dans votre deuxième
-Essai de Critique, n'a jamais été mis en vente. Ceci explique l'insuccès
-avec lequel j'ai pendant longtemps tâché de me le procurer par la voie
+l'ouvrage de M. Lequier, auquel vous faites renvoi dans votre deuxième
+Essai de Critique, n'a jamais été mis en vente. Ceci explique l'insuccès
+avec lequel j'ai pendant longtemps tâché de me le procurer par la voie
 de la librairie.
 
 Serait-ce trop vous demander, s'il vous restait encore des exemplaires,
-de m'en envoyer un, que je présenterais, après l'avoir lu, en votre nom,
-à la bibliothèque Universitaire de cette ville?
-
-Si l'édition est déjà épuisée, ne vous mettez pas en peine de me
-répondre, et que le vif intérêt que je prends à vos idées serve d'excuse
-à ma demande. Je ne peux pas laisser échapper cette occasion de vous
-dire toute l'admiration et la reconnaissance que m'ont inspirée la
-lecture de vos Essais (sauf le 3me, que je n'ai pas encore lu). Grâce à
-vous, je possède pour la première fois une conception intelligible et
-raisonnable de la Liberté. Je m'y suis rangé à peu près. Sur d'autres
+de m'en envoyer un, que je présenterais, après l'avoir lu, en votre nom,
+à la bibliothèque Universitaire de cette ville?
+
+Si l'édition est déjà épuisée, ne vous mettez pas en peine de me
+répondre, et que le vif intérêt que je prends à vos idées serve d'excuse
+à ma demande. Je ne peux pas laisser échapper cette occasion de vous
+dire toute l'admiration et la reconnaissance que m'ont inspirée la
+lecture de vos Essais (sauf le 3me, que je n'ai pas encore lu). Grâce à
+vous, je possède pour la première fois une conception intelligible et
+raisonnable de la Liberté. Je m'y suis rangé à peu près. Sur d'autres
 points de votre philosophie il me reste encore des doutes, mais je puis
-dire que par elle je commence à renaître à la vie morale; et croyez,
+dire que par elle je commence à renaître à la vie morale; et croyez,
 monsieur, que ce n'est pas une petite chose!
 
 Chez nous, c'est la philosophie de Mill, Bain, et Spencer qui emporte
-tout à présent devant lui. Elle fait d'excellents travaux en
-psychologie, mais au point de vue pratique elle est déterministe et
-matérialiste, et déjà je crois aperçevoir en Angleterre les symptomes
-d'une renaissance de la pensée religieuse. Votre philosophie par son
-côté phénoméniste semble très propre à frapper les ésprits élevés dans
-l'école empirique anglaise, et je ne doute pas dès qu'elle sera un peu
+tout à présent devant lui. Elle fait d'excellents travaux en
+psychologie, mais au point de vue pratique elle est déterministe et
+matérialiste, et déjà je crois aperçevoir en Angleterre les symptomes
+d'une renaissance de la pensée religieuse. Votre philosophie par son
+côté phénoméniste semble très propre à frapper les ésprits élevés dans
+l'école empirique anglaise, et je ne doute pas dès qu'elle sera un peu
 mieux connue en Angleterre et dans ce pays, qu'elle n'ait un assez grand
-retentissement. Elle paraît faire son chemin lentement; mais je suis
-convaincu que chaque année nous rapprochera du jour où elle sera
-reconnue de tous comme étant la plus forte tentative philosophique que
-le siècle ait vue naître en France, et qu'elle comptera toujours comme
-un des grands jalons dans l'histoire de la speculation. Dès que ma santé
-(depuis quelques années très mauvaise) me permet un travail intellectuel
-un peu sérieux, je me propose d'en faire une étude plus approfondie et
+retentissement. Elle paraît faire son chemin lentement; mais je suis
+convaincu que chaque année nous rapprochera du jour où elle sera
+reconnue de tous comme étant la plus forte tentative philosophique que
+le siècle ait vue naître en France, et qu'elle comptera toujours comme
+un des grands jalons dans l'histoire de la speculation. Dès que ma santé
+(depuis quelques années très mauvaise) me permet un travail intellectuel
+un peu sérieux, je me propose d'en faire une étude plus approfondie et
 plus critique, et d'en donner un compte-rendu dans une de nos revues. Si
 donc, monsieur, il se trouve un exemplaire encore disponible de la
-"Rech[erche] d'une première Verité," j'oserai vous prier de l'envoyer à
-l'adresse de la libraire ci-incluse, en écrivant mon nom sur la
+"Rech[erche] d'une première Verité," j'oserai vous prier de l'envoyer à
+l'adresse de la libraire ci-incluse, en écrivant mon nom sur la
 couverture. M. Galette soldera tous les frais, s'il s'en trouve.
 
 Veuillez encore une fois, cher monsieur, croire aux sentiments
-d'admiration et de haut respect avec lesquels je suis votre très
-obéissant serviteur,
+d'admiration et de haut respect avec lesquels je suis votre très
+obéissant serviteur,
 
 WILLIAM JAMES.
 
@@ -5579,7 +5545,7 @@ containing part of "Bressant," a novel by Julian Hawthorne, to send Bob
 Temple. At 10.30 arrived your letter of January 26th, which was a very
 pleasant continuation of your _Aufenthalt_ in Rome. At 12.30, after
 reading an hour in Flint's "Physiology," I went to town, paid a bill of
-Randidge's, looked into the Athenæum reading-room, got one dozen raw
+Randidge's, looked into the Athenæum reading-room, got one dozen raw
 oysters at Higgins's saloon in Court Street, came out again, thermometer
 having risen to near thawing point, dozed half an hour before the fire,
 and am now writing this to you.
@@ -5826,12 +5792,12 @@ terribly monotonous-looking city--no expression of having _grown_, in
 any of the quarters I visited, and I did not have time to bring to the
 surface what power I may possess of sympathizing with the French way of
 being and doing. The awful thin and slow dinner in the tremendously
-imperial dining-room of the Hôtel du Louvre, the exaggerated neatness
+imperial dining-room of the Hôtel du Louvre, the exaggerated neatness
 and order and reglementation of everything visible, contrasted with the
 volcanic situation of things at the present moment, all a-kinder turned
 my plain Yankee stomach, which has not yet recovered from the simpler
 lessons of joy it learnt at Scarboro and Magnolia last summer. I went to
-the Théâtre Français and heard a play in verse of Ponsard, thin stuff
+the Théâtre Français and heard a play in verse of Ponsard, thin stuff
 splendidly represented. Altogether I don't care if I never go to Paris
 again. London "impressed" me twelve times as much. Today in Italy my
 spirits have riz. The draggle-tailed physiognomy of the railway stations
@@ -5925,8 +5891,8 @@ here belongs to hoary eld has done more to reconcile me to what belongs
 to the present hour, business, factories, etc., etc., than anything I
 ever experienced. Every day I sally out into the sunshine and plod my
 way o'er steps of broken thrones and temples until one o'clock, when I
-repair to a certain café in the Corso, begin to eat and read "Galignani"
-and the "Débats," until Harry comes in with the flush of successful
+repair to a certain café in the Corso, begin to eat and read "Galignani"
+and the "Débats," until Harry comes in with the flush of successful
 literary effort fading off his cheek. (It may interest the sympathetic
 soul of Mother to know that my diet until that hour consists of a roll,
 which a waiter in wedding costume brings up to my room when I rise, and
@@ -5940,7 +5906,7 @@ feeding, the Angel in his old and rather shabby striped overcoat, and I
 in my usual neat attire, proceed to walk together either to the big
 Pincian terrace which overhangs the city, and where on certain days
 everyone resorts, or to different churches and spots of note. I always
-dine at the table-d'hôte here; Harry sometimes, his indisposition lately
+dine at the table-d'hôte here; Harry sometimes, his indisposition lately
 (better the past two days) having made him prefer a solitary gorge at
 the restaurant.
 
@@ -5948,7 +5914,7 @@ The people in the house are hardly instructive or exciting, but at
 dinner and for an hour after in the dining-room they very pleasantly
 kill time. I am become so far Anglicized that I find myself quite
 fearful of speaking too much to a family of three "cads" who sit
-opposite me at the table-d'hôte, and of whom the young lady (though
+opposite me at the table-d'hôte, and of whom the young lady (though
 rather greasy about the face) is very handsome and intelligent. In the
 evening I usually light my fire and read some local book....
 
@@ -5958,8 +5924,8 @@ after home even at the price of a February voyage, and I hate to spend
 so much money here on my mere gizzard and cheeks.--There, my sweet
 sister, I hope that is a sufficiently spirited epistle for 10.30 P.M.
 When, oh, when, will you write me another like the solitary one I got
-from you in Florence? Seven weeks and one letter! C'est très
-caractéristique de vous! I wrote two days ago to Annie Ashburner. Tell
+from you in Florence? Seven weeks and one letter! C'est très
+caractéristique de vous! I wrote two days ago to Annie Ashburner. Tell
 the adorable Sara Sedgwick [Mrs. W. E. Darwin] that I can't possibly
 refrain much longer--in spite of my just resentment--from writing to
 her. Love to all.... Your
@@ -5981,7 +5947,7 @@ literature, along with a few anonymous articles, to the columns of the
 "Journal of Speculative Philosophy" and the "Critique Philosophique,"
 with three important papers entitled "Spencer's Definition of Mind as
 Correspondence," "Brute and Human Intellect," and "Quelques
-Considérations sur la Méthode Subjective."
+Considérations sur la Méthode Subjective."
 
 Meanwhile his correspondence diminished to its minimum. When his brother
 Henry also came home to America in 1874, it ceased almost entirely. It
@@ -6011,7 +5977,7 @@ utter friendliness of Florence, Rome, etc., grow dear to me, and get
 strangely mixed up with still earlier and more faded impressions,
 derived I know not whence, which infused into the places when I first
 saw them that strange thread of familiarity. The thought of the
-Florentine places you name in your letters like "leiser Nachhall längst
+Florentine places you name in your letters like "leiser Nachhall längst
 verklungner Lieder, zieht mit Errinnerungsschauer durch die Brust." I
 hope you'll pass through Dresden if you sail from Germany. I forgot to
 say that the Eagle line from Hamburg has now the largest and finest
@@ -6193,7 +6159,7 @@ containing a brief discussion of free will and determinism to the
 "Nation" of June 8, 1876. He of course sent a copy to Renouvier. The
 following letter begins with a reference to Renouvier's acknowledgment.
 James had been acquainted with Renouvier's work since 1868, when, as the
-reader will recall, he read a number of the "Année Philosophique,"
+reader will recall, he read a number of the "Année Philosophique,"
 Renouvier's annual survey of contemporary philosophy, for the first
 time. The diary entry already quoted from the year 1870 has shown what
 effect Renouvier's essays then had on his mind. His admiration for the
@@ -6288,7 +6254,7 @@ I have visited the class-rooms of many of our best institutions, and
 believe that there are few if any branches which are so inadequately
 taught as those generally roughly classed as philosophy. Deductive
 logic, or the syllogism, is the most thoroughly dwelt upon, while
-induction, æsthetic and psychological and ethical studies, and
+induction, æsthetic and psychological and ethical studies, and
 especially the history of the leading systems of philosophy, ancient and
 modern, and the marvellous new developments in England and Germany, are
 almost entirely ignored. The persistent use of Hamilton, Butler's
@@ -6296,7 +6262,7 @@ almost entirely ignored. The persistent use of Hamilton, Butler's
 the ground of obligation from theological considerations, as text-books,
 is largely responsible for the supposed unpopularity of the studies....
 I think the success which has attended the recent lecture courses at
-Cambridge on modern systems of philosophy, and on æsthetic studies of
+Cambridge on modern systems of philosophy, and on æsthetic studies of
 literature and the fine arts, shows plainly how much might be
 accomplished in this direction by the proper method of instruction."
 
@@ -6351,7 +6317,7 @@ from their teachers are of little consequence provided they catch from
 them the living, philosophic attitude of mind, the independent, personal
 look at all the data of life, and the eagerness to harmonize them....
 
-"In short, philosophy, like Molière, claims her own where she finds it.
+"In short, philosophy, like Molière, claims her own where she finds it.
 She finds much of it today in physics and natural history, and must and
 will educate herself accordingly.... Meanwhile, when we find announced
 that the students in Harvard College next year may study any or all of
@@ -6468,7 +6434,7 @@ climbing, the brook to bathe in, and the primeval forest fragrant about
 them.
 
 With a friend or native guide,--or often alone, with a book and lunch in
-his light rücksack,--James would go off for a long day's walk on one of
+his light rücksack,--James would go off for a long day's walk on one of
 the mountain trails. He liked to start early and to spend several hours
 at mid-day stretched out on the sheltered side of an open ridge or
 summit. In this way he would combine a day of outdoor exercise with
@@ -6523,7 +6489,7 @@ the hills. We only needed crooks and a flock of sheep. I need not say
 that our psychic reaction has been one of content--perhaps as great as
 ever enjoyed by man.
 
-So farewell, false friend, till such near time as your ehrwürdig person
+So farewell, false friend, till such near time as your ehrwürdig person
 decorate our hearth at Mrs. Hanks's in Harvard St.
 
 Communicate our hearty love to Mrs. Child and believe us your always
@@ -6628,7 +6594,7 @@ element of active tension, of holding my own, as it were, and trusting
 outward things to perform their part so as to make it a full harmony,
 but without any _guaranty_ that they will. Make it a guaranty--and the
 attitude immediately becomes to my consciousness stagnant and stingless.
-Take away the guaranty, and I feel (provided I am _überhaupt_ in
+Take away the guaranty, and I feel (provided I am _überhaupt_ in
 vigorous condition) a sort of deep enthusiastic bliss, of bitter
 willingness to do and suffer anything, which translates itself
 physically by a kind of stinging pain inside my breast-bone (don't smile
@@ -6708,7 +6674,7 @@ philosopher between Behrings' Strait and Tierra del Fuego has a grand,
 lonesome picturesqueness about it. I am sorry your surroundings are not
 more mentally congenial. But recollect your extreme youth and the fact
 that you are making a living and practising yourself in the pedagogic
-art, _überhaupt_. You might be forced to do something much farther away
+art, _überhaupt_. You might be forced to do something much farther away
 from your chosen line, and even then not make a living. I think you are
 a lucky youth even as matters stand. Unexpected chances are always
 turning up. A fortnight ago President Eliot was asked to recommend some
@@ -6765,7 +6731,7 @@ inquiries of you: whether you were dead and buried or had become an
 idiot or were sick or blind or what, that you sent no word of yourself.
 _I_ am blind as ever, which may excuse my silence.
 
-First of all _Glückwünsche_ as to your _Verlobung_! which, like the true
+First of all _Glückwünsche_ as to your _Verlobung_! which, like the true
 philosopher that you are, you mention parenthetically and without names,
 dates, numbers of dollars, etc., etc. I think it shows great sense in
 her, and no small amount of it in you, whoe'er she be. I have found in
@@ -6961,10 +6927,10 @@ ejaculate, to exclaim and to expatiate for weeks on the rude and
 exciting cyclone that had burst upon him and passed by.
 
 On this occasion it took only two days for William to start on from
-London for the Rhine, Nüremburg, and Vienna; then to Venice, where he
+London for the Rhine, Nüremburg, and Vienna; then to Venice, where he
 idled for the first half of October. After this short pause he returned
 to Prague; and then, working northward, consumed the autumn in visiting
-the universities of Dresden, Berlin, Leipzig, Liège and Paris. Intimate
+the universities of Dresden, Berlin, Leipzig, Liège and Paris. Intimate
 letters to his wife, who had remained in Cambridge with their two little
 boys, are almost the only ones that survive. A few passages from these
 will therefore be included.
@@ -7012,7 +6978,7 @@ to do my social-scientific duty. The mighty Hering in especial
 intimidated me beforehand; but having taken the plunge, the cutaneous
 glow and "euphoria" (_vide_ dictionary) succeeded, and I have rarely
 enjoyed a forty-eight hours better, in spite of the fact that the good
-and sharp-nosed Stumpf (whose book "Über die Raumvorstellungen" I verily
+and sharp-nosed Stumpf (whose book "Ãœber die Raumvorstellungen" I verily
 believe thou art capable of never having noticed the cover of!) insisted
 on trotting me about, day and night, over the whole length and breadth
 of Prague, and that [Ernst] Mach (Professor of Physics), genius of all
@@ -7036,7 +7002,7 @@ three on Wednesday morning and four in the afternoon; so I feel rather
 intimate. A clear-headed and just-minded, though pale and
 anxious-looking man in poor health. He had another philosopher named
 Marty [?] to dine with me yesterday--jolly young fellow. My native
-_Geschwätzigkeit_[64] triumphed over even the difficulties of the German
+_Geschwätzigkeit_[64] triumphed over even the difficulties of the German
 tongue; I careered over the field, taking the pitfalls and breastworks
 at full run, and was fairly astounded myself at coming in alive. I
 learned a good many things from them, both in the way of theory and
@@ -7131,7 +7097,7 @@ tonight. Have been writing psychology most all day....
 
        *       *       *       *       *
 
-In train for LIÈGE, _Nov. 18, 1882_.
+In train for LIÈGE, _Nov. 18, 1882_.
 
 ...I believe I didn't tell you, in the bustle of traveling, much about
 Wundt. He made a very pleasant and personal impression on me, with his
@@ -7146,7 +7112,7 @@ shall correspond....
 
        *       *       *       *       *
 
-LIÈGE, _Nov. 20, 1882_.
+LIÈGE, _Nov. 20, 1882_.
 
 ...I am still at Delboeuf's, aching in every joint and muscle, weary
 in every nerve-cell, but unable to get away till tomorrow noon. I was to
@@ -7200,7 +7166,7 @@ students making researches with the professor gain something from him
 personally which his genius alone can give. I certainly got a most
 distinct impression of my own _information_ in regard to _modern_
 philosophic matters being broader than that of any one I met, and our
-Harvard post of observation being more cosmopolitan. Delboeuf in Liège
+Harvard post of observation being more cosmopolitan. Delboeuf in Liège
 was an angel and much the best teacher I've seen....[67] "The Century,"
 with your very good portrait, etc., was at Hottinguer's this A.M., sent
 by my wife. I shall read it presently. I'm off now to see if I can get
@@ -7324,7 +7290,7 @@ sense of his right to have a say about the deepest reasons of the
 universe, are what will stay by me. I wish I could believe I should
 transmit some of them to our babes. We all of us have some of his
 virtues and some of his shortcomings. Unlike the cool, dry thin-edged
-men who now abound, he was full of the fumes of the _ur-sprünglich_
+men who now abound, he was full of the fumes of the _ur-sprünglich_
 human nature; things turbid, more than he could formulate, wrought
 within him and made his judgments of rejection of so much of what was
 brought [before him] seem like revelations as well as knock-down
@@ -7469,7 +7435,7 @@ published through its "Proceedings."
 In the eighties he took up his share of the drudgery which was involved
 in investigating alleged cases of apparition, thought-transference, and
 mediumship. For one entire winter he and Professor G. H. Palmer attended
-"cabinet séances" every Saturday without discovering anything that they
+"cabinet séances" every Saturday without discovering anything that they
 could report as other than fraudulent. But in the following year he got
 upon the track of the now famous Mrs. Piper, and he made his first
 report on her trance-state to the S. P. R. in 1886. After many tests and
@@ -7504,7 +7470,7 @@ villain...."
 
 "[Apr. 24th.] In bed at 11.30, after the most hideously inept psychical
 night, in Charleston, over a much-praised female medium who fraudulently
-played on the guitar. A plague take all white-livered, anæmic, flaccid,
+played on the guitar. A plague take all white-livered, anæmic, flaccid,
 weak-voiced Yankee frauds! Give me a full blooded red-lipped villain
 like dear old D.--when shall I look upon her like again?"
 
@@ -7578,15 +7544,15 @@ one to the next ten years of work for their mitigation.
 With all this I have done very little consecutive reading. I have not
 yet got at your historic survey in the "Critique Religieuse," for which
 my brain nevertheless itches. But I have read your articles apropos of
-Fouillée, and found them--the latest one especially--admirable for
+Fouillée, and found them--the latest one especially--admirable for
 clearness and completeness of statement. Surely nothing like them has
 ever been written--no such stripping of the question down to its naked
-essentials. Those who, like Fouillée, have the intuition of the Absolute
+essentials. Those who, like Fouillée, have the intuition of the Absolute
 Unity, will of course not profit by them or anything else. Why can all
 others view their own beliefs as _possibly_ only hypotheses--_they_ only
 not? Why does the Absolute Unity make its votaries so much more
 _conceited_ at having attained it, than any other supposed truth does?
-This inner sense of superiority to all antagonists gives Fouillée his
+This inner sense of superiority to all antagonists gives Fouillée his
 _fougue_ and adds to his cleverness, and no doubt increases immensely
 the effectiveness of his writing over the average reader's mind. But it
 also makes him careless and liable to overshoot the mark.
@@ -7598,7 +7564,7 @@ very peculiar type of character, partly man of business, partly
 diplomatist, partly clergyman, and partly professor of metaphysics,
 armed with great authority and influence if his college is an important
 one--which Yale is; and Porter is the paragon of the type--_bonhomme et
-rusé_, learned and simple, kindhearted and sociable, yet possessed of
+rusé_, learned and simple, kindhearted and sociable, yet possessed of
 great decision and obstinacy. He is over seventy, but comes every summer
 here to the woods to refresh himself by long mountain walks and life in
 "camp," sleeping on a bed of green boughs before a great fire in the
@@ -7699,9 +7665,9 @@ _To H. P. Bowditch._
 CAMBRIDGE, MASS., _Jan. 31_ [1884].
 
 Heute den 31ten Januar wurde mir vor 2 Stunden in rascher
-Aufeinander-folge _ein_ (1) wunderschöner jüdischaussehender, kräftiger
+Aufeinander-folge _ein_ (1) wunderschöner jüdischaussehender, kräftiger
 und munterer Knabe geboren. Alles geht nach Wunsch, und bittet um
-stiller Theilnahme der glückliche Vater.
+stiller Theilnahme der glückliche Vater.
 
 W. J.
 
@@ -7845,7 +7811,7 @@ I should be afraid you were over-working. Your Hume-Kant circular shall
 be diligently scanned when my Hume lectures come off, in about six
 weeks. I am better as to the eyes, which gives me much hope. Am,
 however, "maturing" building plans for a house, which is bad for sleep.
-I do hope and trust there will be no "Enttäuschung" about Berkeley,[77]
+I do hope and trust there will be no "Enttäuschung" about Berkeley,[77]
 and that not only the work, but the place and the climate, may prove
 well adapted to both you and Mrs. Howison. Ever truly yours,
 
@@ -7934,7 +7900,7 @@ responsive about my poor old father's writing falls most gratefully upon
 my heart. For I fear he found _me_ pretty unresponsive during his
 lifetime; and that through my means any post-mortem response should come
 seems a sort of atonement. You would have enjoyed knowing him. I know of
-no one except Carlyle who had such a smiting _Ursprünglichkeit_ of
+no one except Carlyle who had such a smiting _Ursprünglichkeit_ of
 intuition, and such a deep sort of humor where human nature was
 concerned. He bowled one over in such a careless way. He was like
 Carlyle in being no _reasoner_ at all, in the sense in which
@@ -8098,7 +8064,7 @@ _objective_ to take sides with. If the world is a Unit of this sort
 there _are_ no sides--there's the moral rub! And you don't see it!
 
 Ah, Hodgson! Hodgson _mio!_ from whom I hoped so much! Most spirited,
-most clean, most thoroughbred of philosophers! _Perchè di tanto inganni
+most clean, most thoroughbred of philosophers! _Perchè di tanto inganni
 i figli tuoi?_[78] If you want to reconcile us rationally to
 Determinism, write a Theodicy, reconcile us to _Evil_, but don't talk of
 the distinction between impediments from within and without when the
@@ -8239,7 +8205,7 @@ in the magazine. I've only read one number of the "Princess
 Casamassima"--though I hear all the people about me saying it is the
 best thing you've done yet. To return to "The Bostonians"; the two last
 books are simply sweet. There isn't a hair wrong in Verena, you've made
-her neither too little nor too much--but absolutely _liebenswürdig_. It
+her neither too little nor too much--but absolutely _liebenswürdig_. It
 would have been so easy to spoil her picture by some little excess or
 false note. Her moral situation, between Woman's rights and Ransom, is
 of course deep, and her discovery of the truth on the Central Park day,
@@ -8368,8 +8334,8 @@ they do it in such different _ways_, that no one of them absolutely
 supersedes the need of the others.
 
 Davidson I saw the other day in Cambridge. He was fresh from the Concord
-School, where they had been belaboring Goethe as their _pièce de
-résistance_ and topping off with pantheism as dessert. He had read aloud
+School, where they had been belaboring Goethe as their _pièce de
+résistance_ and topping off with pantheism as dessert. He had read aloud
 a paper of Montgomery's against pantheism, as well as one of his own on
 Goethe's Titanism. Montgomery's is shortly to appear in a journal here.
 I am rather curious to read it.
@@ -8598,7 +8564,7 @@ _To Carl Stumpf._
 
 CAMBRIDGE, _6 Feb., 1887_.
 
-MY DEAR STUMPF,--Your two letters from Rügen of Sept. 8th, and from
+MY DEAR STUMPF,--Your two letters from Rügen of Sept. 8th, and from
 Halle of Jan. 2 came duly, and I can assure you that their contents was
 most heartily appreciated, and not by me alone. I fairly squealed with
 pleasure over the first one and its rich combination of good counsel and
@@ -8606,7 +8572,7 @@ humorous commentary, and read the greater part of it to my friend Royce,
 assistant professor of philosophy here, who enjoyed it almost as much as
 I. There is a heartiness and solidity about your letters which is truly
 German, and makes them as nutritious as they are refreshing to receive.
-Your _Kater-Gefühl_,[82] however, in your second letter, about your
+Your _Kater-Gefühl_,[82] however, in your second letter, about your
 _Auslassungen_[83] on the subject of Wundt, amused me by its speedy
 evolution into _Auslassungen_ more animated still. I can well understand
 why Wundt should make his compatriots impatient. Foreigners can afford
@@ -8615,7 +8581,7 @@ a sort of Napoleon of the intellectual world. Unfortunately he will
 never have a Waterloo, for he is a Napoleon without genius and with no
 central idea which, if defeated, brings down the whole fabric in ruin.
 You remember what Victor Hugo says of Napoleon in the Miserables--"Il
-gênait Dieu"; Wundt only _gêners_ his _confrères_; and whilst they make
+gênait Dieu"; Wundt only _gêners_ his _confrères_; and whilst they make
 mincemeat of some one of his views by their criticism, he is meanwhile
 writing a book on an entirely different subject. Cut him up like a worm,
 and each fragment crawls; there is no _noeud vital_ in his mental
@@ -8627,7 +8593,7 @@ type of the species. He isn't a genius, he is a _professor_--a being
 whose duty is to know everything, and have his own opinion about
 everything, connected with his _Fach_. Wundt has the most prodigious
 faculty of appropriating and preserving knowledge, and as for opinions,
-he takes _au grand sérieux_ his duties there. He says of each possible
+he takes _au grand sérieux_ his duties there. He says of each possible
 subject, "Here I must have an opinion. Let's see! What shall it be? How
 many possible opinions are there? three? four? Yes! just four! Shall I
 take one of these? It will seem more original to take a higher position,
@@ -8657,7 +8623,7 @@ comes here. He seems a very promising fellow, with a good deal of
 independence of character; and if you knew the conditions of education
 in this country, and of the preparation to fill chairs of philosophy in
 colleges, you would not express any surprise at his, or mine, or any
-other American's small amount of "Information über die philosophische
+other American's small amount of "Information über die philosophische
 Literatur." Times are mending, however, and within the past six or eight
 years it has been possible, in three or four of our colleges, to get
 really educated for philosophy as a profession. The most promising man
@@ -8719,7 +8685,7 @@ Have you seen [Edmund] Gurney's two bulky tomes, "Phantasms of the
 Living," an amazingly patient and thorough piece of work? I should not
 at all wonder if it were the beginning of a new department of natural
 history. But even if not, it is an important chapter in the statistics
-of _Völkerpsychologie_, and I think Gurney worthy of the highest praise
+of _Völkerpsychologie_, and I think Gurney worthy of the highest praise
 for his devotion to this unfashionable work. He is not the kind of stuff
 which the ordinary pachydermatous fanatic and mystic is made of....
 
@@ -8733,12 +8699,12 @@ _To Henry P. Bowditch._
 
 CAMBRIDGE, _Mar. 26_ [1887].
 
-My live-stock is increased by a _Töchterchen_, modest, tactful,
+My live-stock is increased by a _Töchterchen_, modest, tactful,
 unselfish, quite different from a boy, and in fact a really
 _epochmachendes Erzeugniss_.[87] I shall begin to save for her dowry and
 perhaps your Harold will marry her. Their ages are suitable.
 
-Grüsse an die gnädige Frau.
+Grüsse an die gnädige Frau.
 
 W. J.
 
@@ -9070,7 +9036,7 @@ up such a talking that I seemed to be in a boiler factory where they
 bang the iron with the hammers so. It's just so with them every day. But
 they're very good-natured, even if they don't let the old ones speak.
 
-Say to Fräulein that "ich lasse Sie grüssen von Herzensgrund!"[88]
+Say to Fräulein that "ich lasse Sie grüssen von Herzensgrund!"[88]
 
 Thump Bill for me and ask him if he likes it so nicely.
 
@@ -9139,7 +9105,7 @@ Well, I will now stop. On Monday morning the 14th or Sunday night the
 13th of May, I will take you into my arms; that is, I will meet you with
 a carriage on the wharf, when the boat comes in. And I tell you I shall
 be glad to see the whole lot of you come roaring home. Give my love to
-your Mammy, to Aunt Margaret, to Fräulein, to Harry, to Margaret Mary,
+your Mammy, to Aunt Margaret, to Fräulein, to Harry, to Margaret Mary,
 and to yourself. Your loving Dad,
 
 WM. JAMES.
@@ -9216,7 +9182,7 @@ village seven miles off, to have 'em shod. I, with naught on but gray
 flannel shirt, breeches, belt, stockings and shoes, shall now proceed
 across the Lake in the boat and up the hill, to get and carry the mail.
 Harry will probably ride along the shore on the pony which Aunt Kate has
-given him, and where Billy and Fräulein are, Heaven only knows.
+given him, and where Billy and Fräulein are, Heaven only knows.
 Returning, I shall have a bath either in lake or brook--doesn't it sound
 nice? On the whole it is nice, but very hot.
 
@@ -9415,7 +9381,7 @@ thing the impression of which will perhaps outlast everything else on
 this trip, was four cuttle-fish (octopus) in the Aquarium. I wish we had
 one of them for a child--such flexible intensity of life in a form so
 inaccessible to our sympathy. Next day to Haslemere to the Pearsall
-Smiths, where I spent a really _gemüthlich_ evening and morning.
+Smiths, where I spent a really _gemüthlich_ evening and morning.
 Pearsall himself as engaging as of yore. The place and country
 wonderfully rich and beautiful. Returning yesterday, went with H. to
 National Gallery in the afternoon, and read Brownell on France in the
@@ -9429,7 +9395,7 @@ Towards four o'clock (the weather fine) I mounted the top of a bus and
 went (with thousands of others similarly enthroned) to Hampton Court,
 through Kew, Richmond, Bushey Park, etc.; about 30 miles there and back,
 all for 4_s._ 6_d._ I strolled for an hour or more in the Hampton Court
-Gardens, and overlooked the Thames all _bizarrée_ with row-boats and
+Gardens, and overlooked the Thames all _bizarrée_ with row-boats and
 male and female rowers, and got back, _perdu dans la foule_, at 10
 P.M.--a most delightful and interesting six hours, with but the usual
 drawback, that _you_ were not along. How you would have enjoyed every
@@ -9701,14 +9667,14 @@ arrived....
 _May 24._
 
 ...I came home very weary, and lit a fire, and had a delicious two hours
-all by myself, thinking of the big _étape_ of my life which now lay
+all by myself, thinking of the big _étape_ of my life which now lay
 behind me (I mean that infernal book done), and of the possibilities
 that the future yielded of reading and living and loving out from the
 shadow of that interminable black cloud.... At any rate, it does give me
 some comfort to think that I don't live _wholly_ in projects,
 aspirations and phrases, but now and then have something done to show
 for all the fuss. The joke of it is that I, who have always considered
-myself a thing of glimpses, of discontinuity, of _aperçus_, with no
+myself a thing of glimpses, of discontinuity, of _aperçus_, with no
 power of doing a big job, suddenly realize at the _end_ of this task
 that it is the biggest book on psychology in any language except
 Wundt's, Rosmini's and Daniel Greenleaf Thompson's! Still, if it burns
@@ -9755,7 +9721,7 @@ down Mr. Jay; but you made it all right ere the end. Since the movement
 is on foot, it is time that rational people like yourself should get an
 influence in it. I doubt whether the earth supports a more genuine enemy
 of all that the Catholic Church _inwardly_ stands for than I
-do--_écrasez l'infâme_ is the only way I can feel about it. But the
+do--_écrasez l'infâme_ is the only way I can feel about it. But the
 concrete Catholics, including the common priests in this country, are an
 entirely different matter. Their wish to educate their own, and to do
 what proselytizing they can, is natural enough; so is their wish to get
@@ -9844,7 +9810,7 @@ _The "Briefer Course" and the Laboratory--A Sabbatical Year in Europe_
 THE publication of the "Principles" may be treated as making a date--at
 any rate in the story of James's life. Although conceived originally as
 a manual or textbook, it had gone far beyond that mere summary of a
-subject which it is the rôle of most textbooks to be, and had finally
+subject which it is the rôle of most textbooks to be, and had finally
 assumed the form of a philosophic survey. "It was a declaration of
 independence (defining the boundary lines of a new science with
 unapproachable genius.)"[94] In the scientific world it established
@@ -9887,9 +9853,9 @@ to be one solution for the difficulty, and in 1892 he set about to
 arrange it. He raised enough money to establish the Harvard Laboratory
 on such a basis that an able experimenter could be invited to make its
 direction his chief concern. He recommended the appointment of Hugo
-Münsterberg to take charge for three years. He had been much impressed
+Münsterberg to take charge for three years. He had been much impressed
 by the originality and promise implied by some experimental work which
-Münsterberg had already done at Freiburg, and his conviction--in respect
+Münsterberg had already done at Freiburg, and his conviction--in respect
 to all academic appointments--was that youth and originality should be
 sought rather than "safety"; that the way to organize a strong
 philosophical department was to get men of different schools into its
@@ -10065,8 +10031,8 @@ give at Yale College; and, on the way hither in the cars, I read the
 last half of Rudyard Kipling's "The Light that Failed"--finding the
 latter indecently true to nature, but recognizing after all that my
 ethics and his novel were the same sort of thing. All literary men are
-sacrifices. "Les festins humains qu'ils servent à leurs fêtes
-ressemblent la plupart à ceux des pélicans," etc., etc. Enough!...
+sacrifices. "Les festins humains qu'ils servent à leurs fêtes
+ressemblent la plupart à ceux des pélicans," etc., etc. Enough!...
 
 
 
@@ -10226,7 +10192,7 @@ W. J.
        *       *       *       *       *
 
 The reader should not fail to realize, in reading the letter which
-follows, that it was written, not only while Münsterberg was still a
+follows, that it was written, not only while Münsterberg was still a
 remote young psychologist in Germany, with no claim on James's
 consideration, but before there was any question of calling him to
 Harvard.
@@ -10234,21 +10200,21 @@ Harvard.
 
 
 
-_To Hugo Münsterberg._
+_To Hugo Münsterberg._
 
 
 CHOCORUA, _July 8, 1891_.
 
-DEAR DR. MÜNSTERBERG,--I have just read Prof. G. E. Müller's review of
+DEAR DR. MÜNSTERBERG,--I have just read Prof. G. E. Müller's review of
 you in the G. G. H., and find it in many respects so brutal that I am
 impelled to send you a word of "consolation," if such a thing be
 possible. German polemics in general are not distinguished by
 mansuetude; but there is something peculiarly hideous in the business
-when an established authority like Müller, instead of administering
+when an established authority like Müller, instead of administering
 fatherly and kindly admonition to a youngster like yourself, shows a
 malign pleasure in knocking him down and jumping up and down upon his
 body. All your merits he passes by parenthetically as
-_selbstverständlich_; your sins he enlarges upon with unction. Don't
+_selbstverständlich_; your sins he enlarges upon with unction. Don't
 mind it! Don't be angry! Turn the other cheek! Make no ill-mannered
 reply!--and great will be your credit and reward! Answer by continuing
 your work and making it more and more irreproachable.
@@ -10257,7 +10223,7 @@ I can't myself agree in some of your theories. _A priori_, your muscular
 sense-theory of psychic measurements seems to me incredible in many
 ways. Your general mechanical _Welt-anschauung_ is too abstract and
 simple for my mind. But I find in you just what is lacking in this
-critique of Müller's--a sense for the perspective and proportion of
+critique of Müller's--a sense for the perspective and proportion of
 things (so that, for instance, you _don't_ make experiments and quote
 figures to the 100th decimal, where a coarse qualitative result is all
 that the question needs). Whose _theories_ in Psychology have any
@@ -10271,8 +10237,8 @@ been hitherto, I will back you to beat the whole army of your critics
 before you are forty years old. Too much ambition and too much rashness
 are marks of a certain type of genius in its youth. The _destiny_ of
 that genius depends on its power or inability to assimilate and get good
-out of such criticisms as Müller's. Get the good! forget the bad!--and
-Müller will live to feel ashamed of his tone.
+out of such criticisms as Müller's. Get the good! forget the bad!--and
+Müller will live to feel ashamed of his tone.
 
 I was very much grieved to learn from Delabarre lately that the doctors
 had found some weakness in your heart! What a wasteful thing is Nature,
@@ -10435,7 +10401,7 @@ MY DEAR HARRY,--...I have been seething in a fever of politics about the
 future of our philosophy department. Harvard must lead in psychology;
 and I, having founded her laboratory, am not the man to carry on the
 practical work. I have _almost_ succeeded, however, in clinching a
-bargain whereby Münsterberg, the ablest experimental psychologist in
+bargain whereby Münsterberg, the ablest experimental psychologist in
 Germany, allowance made for his being only 28 years old,--he is in fact
 the Rudyard Kipling of psychology,--is to come here. When he does he
 will scoop out all the other universities as far as that line of work
@@ -10512,7 +10478,7 @@ _pension_ at Vers-chez-les-Blanc above the Lake of Geneva, in which
 Professor Theodore Flournoy of the University of Geneva, to whom the
 next letter but one is addressed, was also spending his vacation with
 his family. Flournoy had reviewed the "Principles" in the "Journal de
-Genève," and there had already been some correspondence between the two
+Genève," and there had already been some correspondence between the two
 men. At Vers-chez-les-Blanc a real friendship sprang up quickly. It grew
 deeper and closer as the years slipped by, for in temperament and mental
 outlook the Swiss and the American were close kin.
@@ -10626,7 +10592,7 @@ PENSIONE VILLA MAGGIORE
 
 MY DEAR FLOURNOY,--Your most agreeable letter--one of those which one
 preserves to read in one's old age--came yesterday.... I am much
-obliged to you for the paper by Sécretan, and (unless you deny me the
+obliged to you for the paper by Sécretan, and (unless you deny me the
 permission) I propose to keep it, and let you get a new one, which you
 can do more easily than I. It is much too oracular and brief, but its
 _pregnancy_ is a good example of what an intellect gains by growing old:
@@ -10642,18 +10608,18 @@ system fails to satisfy, but it seems to me the classical and consistent
 expression of _one_ of the great attitudes: that of insisting on
 logically intelligible formulas. If one goes beyond, one must abandon
 the hope of _formulas_ altogether, which is what all pious
-sentimentalists do; and with them M. Sécretan, since he fails to give
+sentimentalists do; and with them M. Sécretan, since he fails to give
 any articulate substitute for the "Criticism" he finds so
 unsatisfactory. Most philosophers give formulas, and inadmissible ones,
-as when Sécretan makes a _memoire sans oubli_ = _duratio tota simul_ =
+as when Sécretan makes a _memoire sans oubli_ = _duratio tota simul_ =
 eternity!
 
 I have been reading with much interest the articles on the will by
-Fouillée, in the "Revue Philosophique" for June and August. There are
+Fouillée, in the "Revue Philosophique" for June and August. There are
 admirable descriptive pages, though the final philosophy fails to
 impress me much. I am in good condition now, and must try to do a little
 methodical work every day in Florence, in spite of the temptations to
-_flânerie_ of the sort of life.
+_flânerie_ of the sort of life.
 
 I did hope to have spent a few days in Geneva before crossing the
 mountains! But perhaps, for the holidays, you and Madame Flournoy will
@@ -10894,10 +10860,10 @@ $3000. But still it is a step ahead and I congratulate you most heartily
 thereupon.
 
 What I most urgently wanted to hear from you was some estimate of
-Münsterberg, and when you say, "he is an immense success," you may
+Münsterberg, and when you say, "he is an immense success," you may
 imagine how I am pleased. He has his foibles, as who has not; but I have
 a strong impression that that youth will be a great man. Moreover, his
-naïveté and openness of nature make him very lovable. I do hope that
+naïveté and openness of nature make him very lovable. I do hope that
 [his] English will go--of course there can be no question of the
 students liking him, when once he gets his communications open. He has
 written me exhaustive letters, and seems to be outdoing even you in the
@@ -10912,7 +10878,7 @@ without anything very serious accomplished. But we live well and are
 comfortable by means of sheet-iron stoves which the clammy quality of
 the cold rather than its intensity seems to necessitate, and Italianism
 is "striking in" to all of us to various degrees of depth, shallowest of
-all I fear in Peg and the baby. When _Gemüthlichkeit_ is banished from
+all I fear in Peg and the baby. When _Gemüthlichkeit_ is banished from
 the world, it will still survive in this dear and shabby old country;
 though I suppose the same sort of thing is really to be found in the
 East even more than in Italy, and that we shall seek it there when Italy
@@ -10939,7 +10905,7 @@ philosophical. I am now reading Wundt's curiously long-winded "System,"
 which, in spite of his intolerable sleekness and way of _soaping_
 everything on to you by plausible transitions so as to make it run
 continuous, has every now and then a compendiously stated truth, or
-_aperçu_, which is nourishing and instructive. Come March, I will send
+_aperçu_, which is nourishing and instructive. Come March, I will send
 you proposals for my work next year, to the "Cosmology" part of which I
 am just beginning to wake up. [A. W.] Benn, of the history of Greek
 Philosophy, is here, a shy Irishman (I should judge) with a queer
@@ -10952,18 +10918,18 @@ straight.
 
 I have just been "penning" a notice of Renouvier's "Principes de la
 Nature" for Schurman.[103] Renouvier cannot be _true_--his world is so
-much _dust_. But that conception is a _zu überwindendes Moment_, and he
+much _dust_. But that conception is a _zu überwindendes Moment_, and he
 has given it its most energetic expression. There is a theodicy at the
 end, a speculation about this being a world fallen, which ought to
 interest you much from the point of view of your own Cosmology.
 
-Münsterberg wrote me, and I forgot to remark on it in my reply, that
+Münsterberg wrote me, and I forgot to remark on it in my reply, that
 Scripture wanted him to contribute to a new Yale psychology review, but
 that he wished to publish in a volume. I confess it disgusts me to hear
 of each of these little separate college tin-trumpets. What I should
 really like would be a philosophic _monthly_ in America, which would be
 all sufficing, as the "Revue Philosophique" is in France. If it were a
-monthly, Münsterberg could find room for all his contributions from the
+monthly, Münsterberg could find room for all his contributions from the
 laboratory. But I don't suppose that Scripture will combine with
 Schurman any more than Hall would, or for the matter of that, I don't
 know whether Schurman himself would wish it....
@@ -10979,7 +10945,7 @@ us to both of you, yours always,
 
 WM. JAMES.
 
-Pray give love to Palmer, Nichols, Santayana, Münsterberg, and all.
+Pray give love to Palmer, Nichols, Santayana, Münsterberg, and all.
 
 
 
@@ -11056,9 +11022,9 @@ glad that, being incapable cf anything like scholarship in any line, I
 still can take some pleasure from these pictures in the way of love;
 particularly glad since some years ago I thought that my care for
 pictures had faded away with youth. But with better opportunities it has
-revived. Loeser describes Bôcher as _basking_ in the presence of
+revived. Loeser describes Bôcher as _basking_ in the presence of
 pictures, as if it were an amusing way of taking them, whereas it is the
-true way. Is Mr. Bôcher giving his lectures or talks again at your
+true way. Is Mr. Bôcher giving his lectures or talks again at your
 house?
 
 Duveneck[104] is here, but I have seen very little of him. The professor
@@ -11100,7 +11066,7 @@ which I mean that the dinner which we gave on Sunday night, and which
 she with great equanimity got up, was a perfect success. She began,
 according to her wont, after we had been in the apartment a fortnight,
 to say that we must give a dinner to the Villaris, etc. If you could
-have seen the manner of our ménage at that time, you would have excused
+have seen the manner of our ménage at that time, you would have excused
 the terrible severity of the tones in which I rebuked her, and the
 copious eloquence in which I described our past, present, and future
 life and circumstances and expressed my doubts as to whether she ought
@@ -11153,7 +11119,7 @@ DEAR MR. BOOTT,--Your letter of Dec. 15th was very welcome, with its
 home gossip and its Florentine advice. Our winter has worn away, as you
 see, with very little discomfort from cold. It is true that I have been
 irritated at the immovable condition of my bed-room thermometer which,
-for five weeks, has been at 40°F., not shifting in all that time more
+for five weeks, has been at 40°F., not shifting in all that time more
 than one degree either way, until I longed for a change; but how much
 better such steadfastness than the acrobatic performances of our
 American winter-thermometer. You and other sybarites scared us so, in
@@ -11171,7 +11137,7 @@ causes which abound in our narrow quarters--narrow in winter-time, broad
 enough when fires go out) are very great.
 
 Duveneck[105] spent a most delightful evening here a while ago, and left
-a big portfolio of photos of Böcklin's pictures and a big bunch of
+a big portfolio of photos of Böcklin's pictures and a big bunch of
 cigars for me two days later. I wish I didn't always feel like a
 _phrase-monger_ with honest artists like him. However there are some
 fellows who seem phrase-mongers to me, X----, _e.g._, so it's
@@ -11232,7 +11198,7 @@ that you are likely to lose it this year....
 
 
 
-_To François Pillon._
+_To François Pillon._
 
 [Post-card]
 
@@ -11275,7 +11241,7 @@ _incog._ for a week, drinking in London irresponsibly, and letting the
 dressmakers have their will with her time. I early asked at your door
 whether you were in town and visible, and received a reassuring reply,
 so I felt quite safe and devoted myself to showing my wife the sights,
-and enjoying her naïf wonder as she drank in Britain's greatness. Four
+and enjoying her naïf wonder as she drank in Britain's greatness. Four
 nights ago at 9:30 P.M. I pointed out to her (as possibly the climax of
 greatness) your library windows with one of them open and bright with
 the inner light. She said, "Let's ring and see him." My heart palpitated
@@ -11340,7 +11306,7 @@ moving sight, and at bottom here the people are more good-natured on
 the Irish question than one would think to listen to their strong words.
 The cheery, active English temperament beats the world, I believe, the
 Deutschers included. But so cartilaginous and unsentimental as to the
-_Gemüth_! The girls like boys and the men like horses!
+_Gemüth_! The girls like boys and the men like horses!
 
 I shall be greatly interested in your article. As for Uphues, I am duly
 uplifted that such a man should read me, and am ashamed to say that
@@ -11350,10 +11316,10 @@ actually reading them. I only laid them out again yesterday to take back
 to Switzerland with me. Such things make me despair. Paulsen's
 _Einleitung_ is the greatest treat I have enjoyed of late. His synthesis
 is to my mind almost lamentably unsatisfactory, but the book makes a
-station, an _étape_, in the expression of things. Good-bye--my wife
+station, an _étape_, in the expression of things. Good-bye--my wife
 comes in, ready to go out to lunch, and thereafter to Haslemere for the
 night. She sends love, and so do I. Address us when you get to
-Switzerland to M. Cérésole, as above, "la Chiesaz sur Vevey (Vaud), and
+Switzerland to M. Cérésole, as above, "la Chiesaz sur Vevey (Vaud), and
 believe me ever yours,
 
 WM. JAMES.
@@ -11408,7 +11374,7 @@ charming and easy, he ill at ease, refusing to try English unless
 compelled, and turning to _me_ at the table as a drowning man to a
 "hencoop," as if there were safety in the presence of anyone connected
 with you. I could do nothing towards inviting them, in the existent
-state of our ménage; but when, later, they come back for a month in
+state of our ménage; but when, later, they come back for a month in
 Boston, I shall be glad to bring them into the house for a few days. I
 feel quite a fellow feeling for him; he seems a very human creature, and
 it was a real pleasure to me to see a Frenchman of B.'s celebrity _look_
@@ -11446,9 +11412,9 @@ deficiencies
 
 I am desirious of reading=>I am desirous of reading
 
-Et peut-on savoir jusqu'ou=>Et peut-on savoir jusqu'où
+Et peut-on savoir jusqu'ou=>Et peut-on savoir jusqu'où
 
-Dés que ma santé=>Dès que ma santé
+Dés que ma santé=>Dès que ma santé
 
 Journal of Speculative Philsophy=>Journal of Speculative Philosophy
 
@@ -11627,7 +11593,7 @@ Frau Spannenberg's, has kindly supplied a helpful memorandum.
 [36] An accompanying drawing presented a telescopic exaggeration of
 features, which are hardly appropriate to the Christian Strasse.
 
-[37] The notice of Grimm's _Unüberwindliche Mächte_ appeared under the
+[37] The notice of Grimm's _Unüberwindliche Mächte_ appeared under the
 title "A German-American Novel" in the _Nation_, 1867; vol. V, p. 432.
 
 [38] The Herr Professor was later identified as W. Dilthey.
@@ -11657,40 +11623,40 @@ that "R 2 M" signified the _Revue des deux Mondes_. The original entries
 stand in a column, without punctuation, and occupy two and a half pages.
 Amplifications are added in brackets:--
 
-"A. Dumas, fils; Père prod[igue], 1/2 Monde; Fils naturel, Question
+"A. Dumas, fils; Père prod[igue], 1/2 Monde; Fils naturel, Question
 D'Argent. / Jung; Stilling's Leben. [5 vols. 1806]. / J. S. Mill;
 Subjection of Women [1869]. / H[orace] Bushnell; Woman suffrage, etc.
-[1869]. / Balzac; Le curé de Tours. / Browning; The Ring and the Book. /
+[1869]. / Balzac; Le curé de Tours. / Browning; The Ring and the Book. /
 Ravaison [Mollien]; Rapport s. l. Philosophie [La philosophie en France
-au xixe Siècle. Paris, 1868]. / Goethe; Aus meinem Leben. / Coquerel
-fils; [Perhaps Athanase Josué Coquerel, 1820-1875, author of "Libres
-études" (1867)]. / Em. Burnouf; [La] Sc[ience] des Relig[ions, vi. Les
-orthodoxies, comment elles se forment et déclinent] R2M. July 1, 69. /
-Leblais; Matérialisme and Sp[iri]t[ua]l[i]sme. [Paris, 1865]. / Littré;
+au xixe Siècle. Paris, 1868]. / Goethe; Aus meinem Leben. / Coquerel
+fils; [Perhaps Athanase Josué Coquerel, 1820-1875, author of "Libres
+études" (1867)]. / Em. Burnouf; [La] Sc[ience] des Relig[ions, vi. Les
+orthodoxies, comment elles se forment et déclinent] R2M. July 1, 69. /
+Leblais; Matérialisme and Sp[iri]t[ua]l[i]sme. [Paris, 1865]. / Littré;
 Paroles de [la] Philos[ophie] pos[itive, 1859]. / Caro; le
-Mat[érialis]me and la Science [1868]. / Comte and Littré; principes de
+Mat[érialis]me and la Science [1868]. / Comte and Littré; principes de
 Phil. pos. [Comte, Auguste. Cours de philosophie positive, 6 vols., 2nd
-ed. with preface by Littré. Paris, 1864]. / Littré, Bridges; replies to
+ed. with preface by Littré. Paris, 1864]. / Littré, Bridges; replies to
 Mill. [Bridges, John Henry. Unity of Comte's life and doctrine; a reply
 to strictures on Comte's later writings, addressed to J. S. Mill.
 London, 1866]. / H. Spencer; Reasons for dissenting from Comte. /
-Secrétan; Preface to Phil. de la Liberté [1848]. / Schopenhauer; das
-Metaph. Bedürfniss. / H[enry] James [sen.]; Moralism and Christianity
+Secrétan; Preface to Phil. de la Liberté [1848]. / Schopenhauer; das
+Metaph. Bedürfniss. / H[enry] James [sen.]; Moralism and Christianity
 [N.Y. 1850]. / Jouffroy; Dist. ent. Psych. and Phys. [Part of the
-"Mélanges Philosophiques"?]. / Benedikt; Electrotherap[ie], first 100
+"Mélanges Philosophiques"?]. / Benedikt; Electrotherap[ie], first 100
 pp. / Lecky; History of Morals [2 vols. 1869]. / Froude; Short Studies,
 etc. (skimmed). / Duke of Argyle; Primeval Man [1869]. / Turgeneff;
 Nouvelles Moscovites. / Lewes: [Biographical] Hist. of Phil.,
-Prolegomena, Kant, Comte. / Geo. Sand; Constance Verrier. / Mérimée;
+Prolegomena, Kant, Comte. / Geo. Sand; Constance Verrier. / Mérimée;
 Lokis. R2M. 15 Sept. 69. / J. Grote; Exploratio philosophica, [1865]. /
 H[enry] James [Sen.]; Lectures and Miscellanies. [1852]. / [K. J?]
 Simrock. / C. Reade; Griffith Gaunt. / G. Droz; Autour d'une Source. /
 O. Feuillet. / D. F. Strauss; Chr[istian] Marklin. Mannheim. 1851. / M.
-Müller; Chips [from a German workshop] vol. I and vol. II partly. / Lis
+Müller; Chips [from a German workshop] vol. I and vol. II partly. / Lis
 [Elisa?] Maier; W. Humboldt's Leben. [1865]. / Lis Maier; Geo. Forster's
-[Leben, 1856]. / Schleiermacher; Correspondenz. vol. I. / Réville;
+[Leben, 1856]. / Schleiermacher; Correspondenz. vol. I. / Réville;
 Israelitic monotheism, R2M, 1er Sept. 69. [La religion primitive
-d'Israel et le développement du monothéisme]. / Deutsch; Islam.
+d'Israel et le développement du monothéisme]. / Deutsch; Islam.
 Quarterly Rev. Oct. '69. / Fichte; Best[immung] des Gelehrten. i and ii
 Vorlesungen. / Ste.-Beuve; Art[icle on] Leopardi, [in] Port[raits]
 cont[emporains] iii. / Westm[inster]: Rev[iew] Art. on Lecky. Oct. 69. /
@@ -11715,7 +11681,7 @@ reach and inspire them with a certain friendliness toward the faith that
 animates it. The standard example, Goethe, is ever at hand. But to be
 thus widely effective, a man must not be a specialist. Mr. John Mill,
 weighty and many-sided as he is by nature and culture, is yet deficient
-in the æsthetic direction; and the same is true of M. Littré in France.
+in the æsthetic direction; and the same is true of M. Littré in France.
 Their lances lack that final tipping with light that made Voltaire's so
 irresistible. What Henry IV's soldiers followed was his white plume; and
 that imponderable superfluity, grace, in some shape, seems one factor
@@ -11842,7 +11808,7 @@ wisely and sensibly than their friends report them to do, I put them in
 the same category. The only good that I can see in the demonstration of
 the truth of 'Spiritualism' is to furnish an additional argument against
 suicide. Better live a crossing-sweeper, than die and be made to talk
-twaddle by a 'medium' hired at a guinea a séance." _Life and Letters_,
+twaddle by a 'medium' hired at a guinea a séance." _Life and Letters_,
 vol. I, p. 452 (New York, 1900).
 
 James's comment should be added: "Obviously the mind of the excellent
@@ -11911,7 +11877,7 @@ the night and I had clean forgotten it when the little wretch confronted
 me with it, at this sublime moment, when I was feeling within me the
 potency of a Bismarck, and left me powerless before the immutable law
 that, however great we may seem to our own consciousness, no human being
-would exchange his for ours, and before the fact that _my_ glorious rôle
+would exchange his for ours, and before the fact that _my_ glorious rôle
 was to stand for _sick-headache_ to mankind! What a grotesque being I
 am, to be sure, lying in this room, with the resistance of a
 thistle-down, having illusory moments of throbbing with the pulse of the
@@ -11929,7 +11895,7 @@ unhappy, by the way?" [From a diary of Alice James's.]
 medicine called "Mrs. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound."
 
 [82] The state of self-reproachful irritation described by
-_Kater-Gefühl_ cannot be justly rendered by any English word.
+_Kater-Gefühl_ cannot be justly rendered by any English word.
 
 [83] Outbursts.
 
@@ -11968,7 +11934,7 @@ alone in a room 120 feet long--just about the right size for one man."
 Psychological Association, Dec. 1916. _Science_ (N.S.), vol. XLV, p.
 276.
 
-[95] To Hugo Münsterberg, Aug. 22, 1890.
+[95] To Hugo Münsterberg, Aug. 22, 1890.
 
 [96] _E.g._, _Principles of Psychology_, vol. I, p. 369. "One is almost
 tempted to believe that the pantomime state of mind and that of the
@@ -12024,365 +11990,4 @@ from it."
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+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40307 ***
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-<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" />
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />
 <title>
   The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Letters of William James, Vol. I.
 </title>
@@ -71,45 +71,7 @@ margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;text-align:center;text-indent:0%;}
 </style>
   </head>
 <body>
-
-
-<pre>
-
-Project Gutenberg's The Letters of William James, Vol. 1, by William James
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
-almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
-re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
-with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license
-
-
-Title: The Letters of William James, Vol. 1
-
-Author: William James
-
-Editor: Henry James
-
-Release Date: July 23, 2012 [EBook #40307]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
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-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE LETTERS OF WILLIAM JAMES V.1 ***
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-produced from images available at The Internet Archive)
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+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40307 ***</div>
 
 <hr class="full" />
 
@@ -583,7 +545,7 @@ Sabbatical Year in Europe.</i></td></tr>
 
 <tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To his Sister</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_309">309</a></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To Hugo Münsterberg</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_312">312</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To Hugo Münsterberg</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_312">312</a></td></tr>
 
 <tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To Henry Holt</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_314">314</a></td></tr>
 
@@ -615,7 +577,7 @@ Sabbatical Year in Europe.</i></td></tr>
 
 <tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To Henry James</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_342">342</a></td></tr>
 
-<tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To François Pillon</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_343">343</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To François Pillon</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_343">343</a></td></tr>
 
 <tr><td>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; To Shadworth H. Hodgson</td><td align="right" valign="bottom"><a href="#page_343">343</a></td></tr>
 
@@ -692,7 +654,7 @@ Wilkinson (referred to as "Wilky"), 1845-1883; Robertson (referred to as
 <p>He had five children. Their dates and the names by which they are
 referred to in the letters are: Henry ("Harry"), 1879; William
 ("Billy"), 1882; Hermann, 1884-1885; Margaret Mary ("Peggy," "Peg"),
-1887; Alexander Robertson ("Tweedie," "François"), 1890.</p>
+1887; Alexander Robertson ("Tweedie," "François"), 1890.</p>
 
 <h1>THE LETTERS OF<br />
 WILLIAM JAMES</h1>
@@ -933,7 +895,7 @@ after her death, but then always with a sort of tender reverence that he
 vouchsafed to no one else. She supplied an element of serenity and
 discretion to the councils of the family of which they were often in
 need; and it would not be a mistake to look to her in trying to account
-for the unusual receptivity of mind and æsthetic sensibility that marked
+for the unusual receptivity of mind and æsthetic sensibility that marked
 her two elder sons.</p>
 
 <p>During the three or four years that followed his marriage Henry James,
@@ -1220,8 +1182,8 @@ London and Paris governesses, tutors, and a private school of the sort
 that admits the irregularly educated children of strangers visiting the
 Continent, administered what must have been a completely discontinuous
 instruction.<a name="page_020" id="page_020"></a> In Boulogne, William and his younger brother Henry
-attended the <i>Collège</i> through the winter of 1857-58. This term at the
-<i>Collège de Boulogne</i>, during which he passed his sixteenth birthday,
+attended the <i>Collège</i> through the winter of 1857-58. This term at the
+<i>Collège de Boulogne</i>, during which he passed his sixteenth birthday,
 was his earliest experience of thorough teaching, and he once said that
 it gave him his first conception of earnest work. Then, after a year at
 Newport, there was another European migration&mdash;this time to Geneva for
@@ -1333,10 +1295,10 @@ lessons in drawing than he had ever had elsewhere, and it seems fair to
 say that he made good use of his opportunity to educate his eye; saw
 good pictures; sketched and copied with zest; and began to show great
 aptitude in his own "daubings." From Bonn, later still, he wrote to his
-Genevese fellow student Charles Ritter: "Je me suis pleinement décidé à
-éssayer le métier de peintre. En un an ou deux je saurais si j'y suis
+Genevese fellow student Charles Ritter: "Je me suis pleinement décidé à
+éssayer le métier de peintre. En un an ou deux je saurais si j'y suis
 propre ou non. Si c'est non, il sera facile de reculer. Il n'y a pas sur
-la terre un objet plus déplorable qu'un méchant artiste."[18]</p>
+la terre un objet plus déplorable qu'un méchant artiste."[18]</p>
 
 <p>He applied himself with energy to art for the following<a name="page_024" id="page_024"></a> year at
 Newport, working daily in the studio of William Hunt, along with his
@@ -1432,13 +1394,13 @@ anecdote,&mdash;that frequent instrument of social oppression,&mdash;but he love
 and told a good story when it would help the discussion along, and
 showed a fair gift of mimicry in relating one.<a name="FNanchor_20_20" id="FNanchor_20_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_20_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a></p>
 
-<p>Once, in the early days of their acquaintance, François Pillon, who knew
+<p>Once, in the early days of their acquaintance, François Pillon, who knew
 how affectionately James was attached to Harvard University and
 Cambridge and who assumed that he was a New Englander, asked him about
 the Puritans. James launched upon a vivacious sketch of their sombre
 community, and when he had finished Pillon ejaculated with mingled
 solicitude and astonishment: "Alors! pas un seul bon-vivant parmi vos
-ancêtres!" The story of the solemn-minded student who stemmed the full
+ancêtres!" The story of the solemn-minded student who stemmed the full
 tide of a lecture one day by exclaiming, "But, Doctor, Doctor!&mdash;to be
 serious for a moment&mdash;," is already well known.</p>
 
@@ -1540,8 +1502,8 @@ Scientific School, Alexander Agassiz, engineer, captain of industry,
 eminent biologist, and organizer of the museum that his father had
 founded, the entomologist Samuel H. Scudder, F. W. Putnam, who
 afterwards became Curator of the Peabody Museum of Ethnology and
-Anthropology, and Alpheus Hyatt, the palæontologist, who was Curator of
-the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard for many years before his
+Anthropology, and Alpheus Hyatt, the palæontologist, who was Curator of
+the Museum of Comparative Zoölogy at Harvard for many years before his
 death in 1902. The chemical laboratory of the school had just been
 placed under the charge of Charles W. Eliot,&mdash;in 1869 to become
 President Eliot,&mdash;who writes: "I first came in contact with William
@@ -1656,7 +1618,7 @@ shall turn out all right.</p>
 Higginson came in. I now resume it after tea by the light of a taper and
 that of the moon. This room<a name="page_036" id="page_036"></a> is without gas and I must get some of the
 jovial Harry's abhorred kerosene tomorrow. Wilk read Harry's letter and
-amused me "metch" by his naïve interpretation of mother's most rational
+amused me "metch" by his naïve interpretation of mother's most rational
 request "that I should keep a memorandum of all monies I receive from
 Father." He thought it was that she might know exactly what sums the
 prodigal philosopher really gave out, and that mistrust of his
@@ -1834,7 +1796,7 @@ then!&mdash;probably a cold reception, half repellent, no fatted calf, no
 fresh-baked loaf of spicy bread,&mdash;but I dare not think of that side of
 the picture. I will ever hope and trust and my faith shall be justified.</p>
 
-<p>As Wilky has submitted to you a résumé of his future history for the
+<p>As Wilky has submitted to you a résumé of his future history for the
 next few years, so will I, hoping it will meet your approval. Thus: one
 year study chemistry, then spend one term at home, then one year with
 Wyman, then a medical education, then five or six years with Agassiz,
@@ -2070,7 +2032,7 @@ his way of life and occupations.</p>
 <p class="r">C<small>AMBRIDGE</small>, <i>Sept. 13, 1863</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p><span class="smcap">Chérie charmante de Bal</span>,&mdash;Notwithstanding the abuse we poured on each
+<p><span class="smcap">Chérie charmante de Bal</span>,&mdash;Notwithstanding the abuse we poured on each
 other before parting and the (on <i>my</i> part) feigned expressions of joy
 at not meeting you again for so many months, it was with the liveliest
 regret that I left Newport before your return. But I was obliged in
@@ -2128,7 +2090,7 @@ usual; Mrs. C. at Swampscott. [C. C.] Salter back, but morose. One or
 two new students, and Prof. [W. W.] Goodwin, who is a very agreeable
 man. Among other students, a son of Ed. Everett [William Everett], very
 intelligent and a capital scholar, studying law. He took honors at
-Cambridge, England. Tucks, <i>mère &amp; fille</i> away, <i>fils</i> here....</p>
+Cambridge, England. Tucks, <i>mère &amp; fille</i> away, <i>fils</i> here....</p>
 
 <p>I send a photograph of Gen. Sickles for yours and Wilky's amusement. It
 is a part of a great anthropomorphological collection<a name="FNanchor_28_28" id="FNanchor_28_28"></a><a href="#Footnote_28_28" class="fnanchor">[28]</a> which I am
@@ -2192,7 +2154,7 @@ almost romantically "having its day."</p>
 
 <div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
 <span class="i0">Grau, teurer Freund, ist alle Theorie,<br /></span>
-<span class="i0">Und grün des Lebens goldener Baum.<a name="FNanchor_29_29" id="FNanchor_29_29"></a><a href="#Footnote_29_29" class="fnanchor">[29]</a><br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Und grün des Lebens goldener Baum.<a name="FNanchor_29_29" id="FNanchor_29_29"></a><a href="#Footnote_29_29" class="fnanchor">[29]</a><br /></span>
 </div></div>
 
 <p>Thus Goethe, and Louis Agassiz, whose lectures James had already
@@ -2226,7 +2188,7 @@ collecting with Louis Agassiz were nine months wasted. There are some
 men whom it is an education to work under, even though the affair in
 hand be foreign to one's ultimate concern. Agassiz was such an one,
 "recognized by all as one of those naturalists in the unlimited sense,
-one of those folio-copies of mankind, like Linnæus and Cuvier." Thirty
+one of those folio-copies of mankind, like Linnæus and Cuvier." Thirty
 years after, James could still say of him: "Since Benjamin Franklin we
 had never had among us a person of more popularly impressive type.... He
 was so commanding a presence, so curious and enquiring, so responsive
@@ -2262,7 +2224,7 @@ letter was written from ship-board, still in New York Harbor. The
 
 <p>...We have been detained 48 hours on this steamer in port on account of
 different accidents.... A dense fog is raging which will prevent our
-going outside as long as it lasts. Sapristi! c'est embêtant....</p>
+going outside as long as it lasts. Sapristi! c'est embêtant....</p>
 
 <p>The Professor has just been expatiating over the map of South America
 and making projects as if he had Sherman's army at his disposal instead
@@ -2338,7 +2300,7 @@ tremendous. We had the best dinner I ever eat. Guess how much it cost.
 Brazilians are of a pale Indian color, without a particle of red and
 with a very aged expression. They are very polite and obliging. <i>All</i>
 wear black beaver hats and glossy black frock coats, which makes them
-look like <i>des épiciers endimanchés</i>. We all returned in good order to
+look like <i>des épiciers endimanchés</i>. We all returned in good order to
 the ship at 11 <small>P.M.</small>, and I lay awake most of the night on deck listening
 to the soft notes of the vampire outside of the awning. (Not knowing
 what it was, we'll call it the vampire.) This morning Tom Ward and I
@@ -2365,7 +2327,7 @@ more sympathy with Bob and Wilk than ever, from the fact of my isolated
 circumstances being more like theirs than the life I have led hitherto.
 Please send them this letter. It is written as much for them as for
 anyone. I hope Harry is rising like a ph&oelig;nix from his ashes, under
-the new régime. Bless him. I wish he or some person I could talk to were
+the new régime. Bless him. I wish he or some person I could talk to were
 along. Thank Aunt Kate once more. Kiss Alice to death. I think Father is
 the <i>wisest</i> of all men whom I know. Give my love to the girls,
 especially the Hoopers. Tell Harry to remember me to T. S. P[erry] and
@@ -2386,7 +2348,7 @@ W. J.<br />
 much to say that I don't well know where to begin.&mdash;I sent a letter
 home, I think about a fortnight ago, telling you about my small-pox,
 etc., but as it went by a sailing vessel it is quite likely that this
-may reach you first. That was written from the <i>maison de santé</i> where I
+may reach you first. That was written from the <i>maison de santé</i> where I
 was lying in the embrace of the loathsome goddess, and from whose hard
 straw bed, eternal chicken and rice, and extortionate prices I was
 released yesterday. The disease is over, and granting the necessity of
@@ -2455,8 +2417,8 @@ which makes me ashamed to say, "I can't do that." But I have a mental
 pride and shame which, although they seem more egotistical than the
 other kind, are still the only things that can stir my blood. These
 lines seem to satisfy me, although to many they would appear the height
-of indolence and contemptibleness: "Ne forçons point notre talent,&mdash;Nous
-ne ferions rien avec grâce,&mdash;Jamais un lourdaud, quoi-qu'il fasse,&mdash;Ne
+of indolence and contemptibleness: "Ne forçons point notre talent,&mdash;Nous
+ne ferions rien avec grâce,&mdash;Jamais un lourdaud, quoi-qu'il fasse,&mdash;Ne
 deviendra un galant." Now all the time I should be gone on this
 expedition I should have a pining after books and study as I have had
 hitherto, and a feeling that this work was not in my path and was so
@@ -2579,11 +2541,11 @@ additions?...</p>
 
 <h3><i>To his Parents.</i></h3>
 
-<p class="r"><span class="smcap">Teffé (Amazon)</span>, <i>Oct. 21, 1865</i>.<br />
+<p class="r"><span class="smcap">Teffé (Amazon)</span>, <i>Oct. 21, 1865</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p>...I left the party up at Saõ Paulo the 20th of last month and got here
-the 16th of this, having gone up two rivers, the Içá and Jutay, and made
+<p>...I left the party up at Saõ Paulo the 20th of last month and got here
+the 16th of this, having gone up two rivers, the Içá and Jutay, and made
 collections of fishes which were very satisfactory to the Prof. as they
 contained almost one hundred new species. On the whole it was a most
 original month, and one which from its strangeness I shall remember to
@@ -2619,7 +2581,7 @@ the Rio Negro for a month. The rest of us are going to the Madeira River
 in the steamer. I don't know what I shall do exactly, but there will
 probably be some canoeing to be done, in which case I'm ready; tho' the
 rainy season is beginning, which makes canoe traveling very
-uncomfortable. We shall be at Parâ by the middle of December certainly.
+uncomfortable. We shall be at Parâ by the middle of December certainly.
 I am very anxious to learn whether the New York and Brazilian steamers
 are to run. We may learn at Manaos, where there is also a chance for
 letters for us, and American papers. Why can't you send the "North
@@ -2686,7 +2648,7 @@ Washburns, La Farges, Paine, Childs, Elly Van Buren and in fact
 everybody who is in any way connected with me. Best of love to Aunt
 Kate, Wilk and Bob, Harry and all the family. I pine for Harry's
 literary <i>efforts</i> and to see a number or so of the "Nation." You can't
-send too many magazines or papers&mdash;Care of James B. Bond, Parâ.</p>
+send too many magazines or papers&mdash;Care of James B. Bond, Parâ.</p>
 
 <p class="r">W. J.<br />
 </p>
@@ -2704,7 +2666,7 @@ interne. In the autumn he left the Hospital and resumed his studies in
 the Harvard Medical School.</p>
 
 <p>The Faculty of the School then included Dr. O. W. Holmes and Professor
-Jeffries Wyman. Charles Ed. Brown-Séquard was lecturing on the pathology
+Jeffries Wyman. Charles Ed. Brown-Séquard was lecturing on the pathology
 of the nervous system. During the years of James's interrupted course a
 number of men attended the school who were to be his friends and
 colleagues for many years thereafter&mdash;among them William G. Farlow,
@@ -2721,7 +2683,7 @@ contemporary with whom he formed an enduring friendship.</p>
 as good as any obtainable in America, but it fell short of what is
 nowadays reckoned as essential for a medical education to an extent that
 none but a modern student of medicine can understand. The emphasis was<a name="page_072" id="page_072"></a>
-still on lectures, demonstrations and reading, and the pupil's rôle was
+still on lectures, demonstrations and reading, and the pupil's rôle was
 an almost completely passive one. James, according to the testimony of
 one of his classmates, made a solitary exception to the practice of the
 class by attempting to keep a graphic record of his microscopic studies
@@ -2788,7 +2750,7 @@ a horrible time at sea, being within 160 miles of New York and then
 blown back as far as St. Thomas. He says most of his collections arrived
 at Bahia spoiled by the sun. He was sixteen days crossing a limestone
 desert on which nothing grew but cacti; so there was no shade at noon,
-and the thermometer at 98°. His health has been improved by the voyage,
+and the thermometer at 98°. His health has been improved by the voyage,
 however, and he thinks it is better now than when he left for Brazil.
 Nevertheless he is going to give up natural history for the present and
 adopt some out-of-door life till he gets decidedly better, which he says
@@ -2851,8 +2813,8 @@ period, letting no breath of extraneous air enter.</p>
 similar or even more "developed" one, for I really want to know how the
 building up into flesh and blood of the wide-sweeping plans that the
 solitudes of Brazil gave birth to seems to alter them. Write soon, and
-I'll answer soon; for I think, Chéri de Thomas, que ce doux commerce que
-nous avons mené tant d'années ought not all of a sudden to die out. I'd
+I'll answer soon; for I think, Chéri de Thomas, que ce doux commerce que
+nous avons mené tant d'années ought not all of a sudden to die out. I'd
 give a great deal to see you, but see no prospect of getting to New York
 for a long time. Our family spends six months at Swampscott from the
 first of May. I shall have a room in town. What chance is there of your
@@ -2867,7 +2829,7 @@ to Sept. 15)? Ever your friend</p>
 <p class="r">B<small>OSTON</small>, <i>June 8, 1866</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p><span class="smcap">Chéri de Thomas</span>,&mdash;I cannot exactly say I <i>hasten</i> to reply to your
+<p><span class="smcap">Chéri de Thomas</span>,&mdash;I cannot exactly say I <i>hasten</i> to reply to your
 letter. I have thought of you about every<a name="page_077" id="page_077"></a> day since I received it, and
 given you a Brazilian hug therewith, and wanted to write to you; but
 having been in a pretty unsettled theoretical condition myself, from
@@ -2956,7 +2918,7 @@ fragmentary condition....</p>
 <p class="r">C<small>AMBRIDGE</small>, <i>Nov. 14, 1866</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p><span class="smcap">Chérie de Jeune Balle</span>,&mdash;I am just in from town in the keen, cold and eke
+<p><span class="smcap">Chérie de Jeune Balle</span>,&mdash;I am just in from town in the keen, cold and eke
 beauteous moonlight, which by the<a name="page_080" id="page_080"></a> above qualities makes me think of
 thee, to whom, nor to whose aunt, have I (not) yet written. (I don't
 understand the grammar of the not.)</p>
@@ -3289,7 +3251,7 @@ the pictures, but said nothing that was not commonplace. I have as yet
 only had a mere glimpse at the Gallery, but will do it thoroughly before
 I leave. I'd give anything if Harry could see some of the Venetian
 things there, and the Shepherds' Adoration of Correggio, which he
-probably knows, or rather <i>méconnaît</i>, by prints which give nought but
+probably knows, or rather <i>méconnaît</i>, by prints which give nought but
 the rather unpleasant and, unless you are let into the secret,
 motivelessly eccentric drawing. But it would take Victor Hugo to find
 the proper antithetic epithets to describe the combined gladness and
@@ -3302,24 +3264,24 @@ exalt one thing at the expense of its neighbors, which is very unjust to
 them; but by taking it easily and letting the pictures do their own work
 I think it will all come right. Mr. Paul Veronese had <i>eyes</i>, anyhow. I
 am sure it would<a name="page_091" id="page_091"></a> be the making of John La Farge to come abroad, alone,
-if no other way. Dis lui, Henry, que je lui écrirai tantôt à ce sujet.</p>
+if no other way. Dis lui, Henry, que je lui écrirai tantôt à ce sujet.</p>
 
 <p>I have been having a literary debauch to start in the language with, but
 am getting down again to medicine. The enthusiastic, oratorical and
 eloquent Schiller, the wise and exquisite Goethe, and the virile and
 human Lessing have in turn held me entranced by their <i>Dramal</i>. Je te
-recommande, Henry, "Emilia Galotti" comme étude. C'est serré comme du
-chêne, rapide comme l'avalanche, toute la retenue et la vigueur de
-Merimée, et au fond un gros c&oelig;ur dont la tendresse comprimée
-n'échappe que par des phrases dont la sobriété même déchire, ou bien par
+recommande, Henry, "Emilia Galotti" comme étude. C'est serré comme du
+chêne, rapide comme l'avalanche, toute la retenue et la vigueur de
+Merimée, et au fond un gros c&oelig;ur dont la tendresse comprimée
+n'échappe que par des phrases dont la sobriété même déchire, ou bien par
 du bitter irony. Lessing seems to have a religious feeling that people
 miss in Goethe, and seems to be a great deal deeper than Schiller,
 though, of course, he is a far more homespun character. I have been
 reading Goethe's "Italienische Reise." It is perfectly fascinating; but
 you can read very little of it at a time, it is so damnably tedious, and
 you can't bear to skip. Paradoxical as it may appear, there is a deal of
-<i>naïveté</i> in the old cuss. Attends donc un peu que mon grand article sur
-Goethe apparaisse dans "L'Américain du Nord!"</p>
+<i>naïveté</i> in the old cuss. Attends donc un peu que mon grand article sur
+Goethe apparaisse dans "L'Américain du Nord!"</p>
 
 <p>I expect T. S. Perry here in a fortnight on his way from Venice. You may
 imagine with what joy. I have just been interrupted by the supper, which
@@ -3418,7 +3380,7 @@ skin thereof. To hear the grass grow from morn<a name="page_095" id="page_095"><
 happy occupation. There is something that strikes me as corrupt,
 immodest in this incessant taste for explaining things in this
 mechanical way; but the era of it may be past now&mdash;I don't know. I speak
-only of æsthetic matters, of course. The political moment both here and
+only of æsthetic matters, of course. The political moment both here and
 in Austria is extremely interesting to one who has a political sense,
 and even I am beginning to have an opinion&mdash;and one all in favor of
 Prussia's victory and supremacy as a great practical stride towards
@@ -3688,7 +3650,7 @@ within the family treasury in consequence of my exertions, I shall feel
 glad that I have made them. I have not seen Grimm yet as he is in
 Switzerland. In his writings he is possessed of real imagination and
 eloquence, chiefly in an ethical line, and the novel is really
-<i>distingué</i>, somewhat as Cherbuliez's are, only with rather a deficiency
+<i>distingué</i>, somewhat as Cherbuliez's are, only with rather a deficiency
 on the physical and animal side. He is, to my taste, too idealistic, and
 Father would scout him for his arrant moralism. Goethe seems to have
 mainly suckled him, and the manner of this book is precisely that of
@@ -3699,7 +3661,7 @@ it justly and impartially. In short, a rather painstaking liberality and
 want of careless animal spirits&mdash;which, by the bye, seem to be rather
 characteristics of the rising generation. But enough of him. The notice
 was mere taskwork. I could not get up a spark of interest in it, and I
-should not think it would be <i>d'actualité</i> for the "Nation." Still, I
+should not think it would be <i>d'actualité</i> for the "Nation." Still, I
 could think of nothing else to do, and was bound to do something.<a name="FNanchor_37_37" id="FNanchor_37_37"></a><a href="#Footnote_37_37" class="fnanchor">[37]</a>
 ...</p>
 
@@ -3762,7 +3724,7 @@ suppose to its being in German. I have just got settled down
 again&mdash;after a nearly-two-months' debauch on French fiction, during
 which time Mrs. Sand, the fresh, the bright, the free; the somewhat
 shrill but doughty Balzac, who has risen considerably in my esteem or
-rather in my affection; Théophile Gautier the good, the golden-mouthed,
+rather in my affection; Théophile Gautier the good, the golden-mouthed,
 in turn captivated my attention; not to speak of the peerless
 Erckmann-Chatrian, who renews one's belief in the succulent harmonies of
 creation&mdash;and a host of others. I lately read Diderot, "&OElig;uvres
@@ -3770,8 +3732,8 @@ Choisies," 2 vols., which are entertaining to the utmost from their
 animal spirits and the comic modes of thinking, speaking and behaving of
 the time.<a name="page_107" id="page_107"></a> Think of meeting continually such delicious sentences as
 this,&mdash;he is speaking of the educability of beasts,&mdash;"Et peut-on savoir
-jusqu'où l'usage des mains porterait les singes s'ils avaient le loisir
-comme la faculté d'inventer, et si la frayeur continuelle que leur
+jusqu'où l'usage des mains porterait les singes s'ils avaient le loisir
+comme la faculté d'inventer, et si la frayeur continuelle que leur
 inspirent les hommes ne les retenait dans l'abrutissement"!!! But I must
 pull up, as I have to write to Father still....</p>
 
@@ -3923,7 +3885,7 @@ entrance of the Rev. H. W. Foote of Stone Chapel.... The excellent
 little man had presented himself a few evenings before, bringing me from
 Dresden<a name="page_112" id="page_112"></a> a very characteristic note from Elizabeth Peabody (in which
 among other things she says she is "on the wing for Italy"&mdash;she is as
-<i>folâtre</i> a creature as your friend Mrs. W&mdash;&mdash;), and we have dined
+<i>folâtre</i> a creature as your friend Mrs. W&mdash;&mdash;), and we have dined
 together every day since, and had agreed to go to hear "Fidelio"
 together at the Opera that evening. Foote is really a good man and I
 shall prosecute his friendship every moment of his stay here; seems to
@@ -3949,7 +3911,7 @@ must not be led by that name to imagine, as I always used to, an avenue
 over-shadowed by patriarchal lime trees, whose branches form a long
 arch. The "Linden" are two rows of small, scrubby, abortive
 horse-chestnuts, beeches, limes and others, planted like the trees in
-Commonwealth Avenue.) Zennig's is a<a name="page_113" id="page_113"></a> table-d'hôte, so-called
+Commonwealth Avenue.) Zennig's is a<a name="page_113" id="page_113"></a> table-d'hôte, so-called
 notwithstanding the unities of hour and table are violated. You have
 soup, three courses, and dessert or coffee and cheese for 12&frac12;
 Groschen if you buy 14 tickets, and I shall probably dine there all
@@ -3968,7 +3930,7 @@ used to drive dull care away by writing her short notes in the Bohemian
 tongue such as; "Navzdy budes v me mysli Irohm pamatkou," <i>i.e.</i>,
 forever bloomest thou in my memory;&mdash;"dej mne tooji bodo biznu," give me
 your photograph; and isolated phrases as "Mlaxik, Dicka, pritel,
-pritelkyne," <i>i.e.</i>, Jüngling, Mädchen, Freund, Freundinn; "mi luja," I
+pritelkyne," <i>i.e.</i>, Jüngling, Mädchen, Freund, Freundinn; "mi luja," I
 love, etc. These were carried to her by the chambermaid, and the style,
 a little more florid than was absolutely <i>required</i> by mere courtesy,
 was excused by her on the ground of my limited acquaintance with the
@@ -3991,7 +3953,7 @@ he is a better fellow than he seemed at first sight. I will leave this
 letter open till tomorrow to let you know what happens at the tavern,
 and whether the boon companions are old-clothes men, or Christian
 gentlemen. Good-night, my darling sister! Sei tausend mal von mir
-geküsst.<a name="FNanchor_39_39" id="FNanchor_39_39"></a><a href="#Footnote_39_39" class="fnanchor">[39]</a> Give my best love to Father, Mother, Aunt Kate, the boys
+geküsst.<a name="FNanchor_39_39" id="FNanchor_39_39"></a><a href="#Footnote_39_39" class="fnanchor">[39]</a> Give my best love to Father, Mother, Aunt Kate, the boys
 and everyone. Ever yr. loving bro.,</p>
 
 <p class="r">W<small>M</small>. J<small>AMES</small>.<br />
@@ -4022,9 +3984,9 @@ turn out a capital fellow. Excuse these scraps of paper,</p>
 <p class="r">B<small>ERLIN</small>, <i>Nov. 19, 1867</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p><span class="smcap">Süss Balchen!</span>&mdash;I stump wearily up the three flights of stairs after my
+<p><span class="smcap">Süss Balchen!</span>&mdash;I stump wearily up the three flights of stairs after my
 dinner to this lone room where no human company but a ghastly lithograph
-of Johannes Müller and a grinning skull are to cheer me. Out in the
+of Johannes Müller and a grinning skull are to cheer me. Out in the
 street the slaw and fine rain is falling as if it would never stop&mdash;the
 sky is low and murky, and the streets filled with water and that finely
 worked-up paste of mud which never is seen on our continent. For some
@@ -4084,7 +4046,7 @@ translation of a German introduction to Kant, which he bought last
 winter! By return of mail! And if not convenient to send the books, to
 write me the name of the author of the last-mentioned one, which I have
 forgotten. It behooves me to learn something of the "Philosopher of
-Königsberg," and I want these to ease the way. I sincerely hope that
+Königsberg," and I want these to ease the way. I sincerely hope that
 these words may not be utterly thrown away.</p>
 
 <p>I got a letter from Mother the day after I wrote last week to Harry,
@@ -4235,7 +4197,7 @@ improves a good deal as he grows older.</p>
 
 <p>Berlin is a bleak and unfriendly place. The inhabitants are rude and
 graceless, but must conceal a solid worth beneath it. I only know seven
-of them, and they are of the <i>élite</i>. It is very hard getting acquainted
+of them, and they are of the <i>élite</i>. It is very hard getting acquainted
 with them, as you have to make all the advances yourself; and your
 antagonist shifts so between friendliness and a drill sergeant's formal
 politeness that you never know exactly on what footing you stand with
@@ -4300,7 +4262,7 @@ tell you. He lived with Architect Ware in Paris, and Ware received a
 visit from Dr. Bowditch and Mr. Dixwell last summer. The concierge woman
 was terribly impressed by the personal majesty of your uncles,
 particularly of Dr. Bowditch, of whom she said: "Il a le grand air, tout
-à fait comme Christophe Colomb!" It would be curious to understand
+à fait comme Christophe Colomb!" It would be curious to understand
 exactly who and what she thought C. C. was, or whether she would have
 thought Mr. Dixwell like Americus Vespucius if she had known <i>him</i>.</p>
 
@@ -4426,7 +4388,7 @@ water there&mdash;by keeping on long enough. But I really don't think it so
 <i>all</i>-important what our occupation is, so long as we do respectably and
 keep a clean bosom. Whatever we are <i>not</i> doing is pretty sure to come
 to us at intervals, in the midst of our toil, and fill us with pungent
-regrets that it is lost to us. I have felt so about zoölogy whenever I
+regrets that it is lost to us. I have felt so about zoölogy whenever I
 was not studying it, about anthropology when studying physiology, about
 practical medicine lately, now that I am cut off from it, etc., etc.,
 etc.; and I conclude that that sort of nostalgia is a necessary incident
@@ -4600,7 +4562,7 @@ yet bridged the way up to complete soundness.</p>
 <p>I have been feeling for a month past that I ought to come here, but an
 effeminate shrinking from loneliness and so forth, and the inhuman
 blackness of the weather kept me from it. Now that I am here, I am only
-sorry I deferred it so long. I found the <i>Fürstenbad</i> open, and with
+sorry I deferred it so long. I found the <i>Fürstenbad</i> open, and with
 four other "cure-guests" in it. All its varletry, male and female, fat
 as wood-chucks from their winter's repose; a theatre (!) going in town
 three times a week; the head waiter of the restaurant where in the
@@ -4621,7 +4583,7 @@ much for Teplitz.</p>
 <p>Sunday before last Mrs. Bancroft told me that the most beautiful woman
 in Berlin had asked after me with affection and expressed a desire to
 see me. After making me guess in vain she told me that it was Mrs.
-Lieutenant Pertz, <i>née</i> Emma Wilkinson.<a name="FNanchor_43_43" id="FNanchor_43_43"></a><a href="#Footnote_43_43" class="fnanchor">[43]</a> I went to see her and found
+Lieutenant Pertz, <i>née</i> Emma Wilkinson.<a name="FNanchor_43_43" id="FNanchor_43_43"></a><a href="#Footnote_43_43" class="fnanchor">[43]</a> I went to see her and found
 her looking hardly a day older or different, and certainly very
 good-looking, though probably Mrs. B.'s description was exaggerated. She
 had the sweetest and simplest of manners and asked all about the family,
@@ -4631,7 +4593,7 @@ She has three fine children, much more of the British than the German
 type, and it was right pleasant to see her. She has very handsome brown
 eyes. Nice manners are a very charming thing, and some of the ladies
 here might set a good example to some <i>other</i> young ladies I might
-mention (who do not live 100 miles from Quincy Street); Fräulein
+mention (who do not live 100 miles from Quincy Street); Fräulein
 Borneman, for example. Let Alice cultivate a manner clinging yet
 self-sustained, reserved yet confidential; let<a name="page_136" id="page_136"></a> her face beam with
 serious beauty, and glow with quiet delight at having you speak to her;
@@ -4650,7 +4612,7 @@ else, from yours ever,</p>
 
 <h3><i>To Henry James.</i></h3>
 
-<p class="r"><span class="smcap">Fürstenbad, Teplitz</span>, <i>Mar. 4, 1868</i>.<br />
+<p class="r"><span class="smcap">Fürstenbad, Teplitz</span>, <i>Mar. 4, 1868</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
 <p>...I have been admitted to the intimacy of a family here named G&mdash;&mdash;,
@@ -4712,7 +4674,7 @@ which everything metaphysical or psychological must be <i>referred</i>. I
 wish I had read it earlier. It is very slow reading and I shall only
 give it a couple of hours daily.</p>
 
-<p>I got a little book by a number of authors, "L'Année 1867
+<p>I got a little book by a number of authors, "L'Année 1867
 Philosophique," which may interest you if you have not got it already.
 The introduction, a review of the state of philosophy in France for some
 years back, is by one Charles Renouvier, of whom I never heard before
@@ -4943,7 +4905,7 @@ might have other thoughts"&mdash;need be the definition of an illusion. At
 any rate, I will assume for the present&mdash;until next year&mdash;that it is no
 illusion. My first act of free will shall be to believe in free will.
 For the remainder of the year, I will abstain from the mere speculation
-and contemplative <i>Grüblei</i><a name="FNanchor_48_48" id="FNanchor_48_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_48_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> in which my nature takes most delight,
+and contemplative <i>Grüblei</i><a name="FNanchor_48_48" id="FNanchor_48_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_48_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> in which my nature takes most delight,
 and voluntarily cultivate the feeling of moral freedom, by reading books
 favorable<a name="page_148" id="page_148"></a> to it, as well as by acting. After the first of January, my
 callow skin being somewhat fledged, I may perhaps return to metaphysical
@@ -5025,10 +4987,10 @@ shamming dementia. Think of the matter seriously.</p>
 exceedingly interesting and able. The lectures on indigestion in the
 volume are worth, in quality, ten such books as that Guipon I left in
 Paris, though more limited in subject. I have been trying to get "Hilton
-on Rest and Pain," which you recommended, from the Athenæum, but, <i>more
+on Rest and Pain," which you recommended, from the Athenæum, but, <i>more
 librorum</i>, when you want 'em, it keeps "out." ...</p>
 
-<p>I hope this letter is <i>décousue</i> enough for you. What is a man to write
+<p>I hope this letter is <i>décousue</i> enough for you. What is a man to write
 when a reef is being taken in his existence, and absence from thought
 and life is all he aspires to. Better times will come, though, and with
 them better letters. Good-bye! Ever yours,</p>
@@ -5083,8 +5045,8 @@ will be asked&mdash;Mum's the word.</p>
 cynical isolation in which we live with our heart's best brothers
 sometimes comes over me with a deep bitterness, and I had a little while
 ago an experience of life which woke up the spiritual monad within me as
-has not happened more than once or twice before in my life. "Malgré la
-vue des misères où nous vivons et qui nous tiennent par la gorge," there
+has not happened more than once or twice before in my life. "Malgré la
+vue des misères où nous vivons et qui nous tiennent par la gorge," there
 is an inextinguishable spark which will, when we least expect it, flash
 out and reveal the existence, at least, of something real&mdash;of reason at
 the bottom of things. I can't tell you how it was now. I'm swamped in an
@@ -5179,7 +5141,7 @@ war.</p>
 <p>If you want some good light German reading, let me advise you to try at
 least the first half of Jung-Stilling's autobiography. He was a pious
 German who lived through the latter half of the last century, and wrote
-with the utmost vividness and naïveté all his experiences, that the
+with the utmost vividness and naïveté all his experiences, that the
 glory of God's Providence might be increased. I read it with great
 delight a few weeks since; it merits the adjective <i>fresh</i> as well as
 most books.</p>
@@ -5193,7 +5155,7 @@ you'll wake up some morning&mdash;a physiologist&mdash;just as the man who takes
 daily drink finds himself unexpectedly a drunkard. I wish I'd asked you
 sooner to send me a photograph of Bernard and Vulpian&mdash;or any other
 Parisian medical men worth having&mdash;is it too late now?&mdash;and too late for
-Pflüger? I address this still to Bonn, supposing they'll send it after
+Pflüger? I address this still to Bonn, supposing they'll send it after
 you if you've gone.</p>
 
 <p>Write soon to yours affectionately,</p>
@@ -5267,7 +5229,7 @@ say, especially in the spring. The winter is man's enemy, he must exert
 himself against it to live, or it will squeeze him in one night out of
 existence. So it is hateful to a sick man, and all the greater is the
 peace of the latter when it yields to a time when nature seems to
-coöperate with life and float one passively on. But I hear Father
+coöperate with life and float one passively on. But I hear Father
 arriving and I must go down to hear his usual <i>compte rendu</i>.<a name="FNanchor_54_54" id="FNanchor_54_54"></a><a href="#Footnote_54_54" class="fnanchor">[54]</a></p>
 
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
@@ -5404,12 +5366,12 @@ modification of positive belief, and the extremes, even if they had no
 respect for each other and no desire for mutual accommodation (which I
 think at bottom they have), would yet be kept from cutting each other's
 throats by the intermediate links. But in France Belief and Denial are
-separated by a chasm. The step once made, "écrasez l'infâme" is the only
-watchword on each side. How any order is possible except by a Cæsar to
+separated by a chasm. The step once made, "écrasez l'infâme" is the only
+watchword on each side. How any order is possible except by a Cæsar to
 hold the balance, it is hard to see. But I don't want to dose you with
 my crude speculations. This difference was brought home vividly to me by
 reading yesterday in the "Revue des Deux Mondes" for last December a
-splendid little story, "Histoire d'un Sous-Maître," by
+splendid little story, "Histoire d'un Sous-Maître," by
 Erckmann-Chatrian, and what was uppermost in my mind came out easiest in
 writing.</p>
 
@@ -5434,50 +5396,50 @@ W<small>M</small>. J<small>AMES</small>.<br />
 <p>C<small>AMBRIDGE</small>, <i>Nov. 2, 1872</i>.</p>
 
 <p>M<small>ONSIEUR</small>,&mdash;Je viens d'apprendre par votre "Science de la Morale," que
-l'ouvrage de M. Lequier, auquel vous faites renvoi dans votre deuxième
-Essai de Critique, n'a jamais été mis en vente. Ceci explique l'insuccès
-avec lequel j'ai pendant longtemps tâché de me le procurer par la voie
+l'ouvrage de M. Lequier, auquel vous faites renvoi dans votre deuxième
+Essai de Critique, n'a jamais été mis en vente. Ceci explique l'insuccès
+avec lequel j'ai pendant longtemps tâché de me le procurer par la voie
 de la librairie.</p>
 
 <p>Serait-ce trop vous demander, s'il vous restait encore des exemplaires,
-de m'en envoyer un, que je présenterais, après l'avoir lu, en votre nom,
-à la bibliothèque Universitaire de cette ville?</p>
-
-<p>Si l'édition est déjà épuisée, ne vous mettez pas en peine de me
-répondre, et que le vif intérêt que je prends à vos idées serve d'excuse
-à ma demande. Je ne peux pas laisser échapper cette occasion de vous
-dire toute l'admiration et la reconnaissance que m'ont inspirée la
-lecture de vos Essais (sauf le 3me, que je n'ai pas encore lu). Grâce à
-vous, je possède pour la première fois une conception intelligible et
-raisonnable de la Liberté. Je m'y suis rangé à peu près. Sur d'autres
+de m'en envoyer un, que je présenterais, après l'avoir lu, en votre nom,
+à la bibliothèque Universitaire de cette ville?</p>
+
+<p>Si l'édition est déjà épuisée, ne vous mettez pas en peine de me
+répondre, et que le vif intérêt que je prends à vos idées serve d'excuse
+à ma demande. Je ne peux pas laisser échapper cette occasion de vous
+dire toute l'admiration et la reconnaissance que m'ont inspirée la
+lecture de vos Essais (sauf le 3me, que je n'ai pas encore lu). Grâce à
+vous, je possède pour la première fois une conception intelligible et
+raisonnable de la Liberté. Je m'y suis rangé à peu près. Sur d'autres
 points de votre philosophie il me<a name="page_164" id="page_164"></a> reste encore des doutes, mais je puis
-dire que par elle je commence à renaître à la vie morale; et croyez,
+dire que par elle je commence à renaître à la vie morale; et croyez,
 monsieur, que ce n'est pas une petite chose!</p>
 
 <p>Chez nous, c'est la philosophie de Mill, Bain, et Spencer qui emporte
-tout à présent devant lui. Elle fait d'excellents travaux en
-psychologie, mais au point de vue pratique elle est déterministe et
-matérialiste, et déjà je crois aperçevoir en Angleterre les symptomes
-d'une renaissance de la pensée religieuse. Votre philosophie par son
-côté phénoméniste semble très propre à frapper les ésprits élevés dans
-l'école empirique anglaise, et je ne doute pas dès qu'elle sera un peu
+tout à présent devant lui. Elle fait d'excellents travaux en
+psychologie, mais au point de vue pratique elle est déterministe et
+matérialiste, et déjà je crois aperçevoir en Angleterre les symptomes
+d'une renaissance de la pensée religieuse. Votre philosophie par son
+côté phénoméniste semble très propre à frapper les ésprits élevés dans
+l'école empirique anglaise, et je ne doute pas dès qu'elle sera un peu
 mieux connue en Angleterre et dans ce pays, qu'elle n'ait un assez grand
-retentissement. Elle paraît faire son chemin lentement; mais je suis
-convaincu que chaque année nous rapprochera du jour où elle sera
-reconnue de tous comme étant la plus forte tentative philosophique que
-le siècle ait vue naître en France, et qu'elle comptera toujours comme
-un des grands jalons dans l'histoire de la speculation. Dès que ma santé
-(depuis quelques années très mauvaise) me permet un travail intellectuel
-un peu sérieux, je me propose d'en faire une étude plus approfondie et
+retentissement. Elle paraît faire son chemin lentement; mais je suis
+convaincu que chaque année nous rapprochera du jour où elle sera
+reconnue de tous comme étant la plus forte tentative philosophique que
+le siècle ait vue naître en France, et qu'elle comptera toujours comme
+un des grands jalons dans l'histoire de la speculation. Dès que ma santé
+(depuis quelques années très mauvaise) me permet un travail intellectuel
+un peu sérieux, je me propose d'en faire une étude plus approfondie et
 plus critique, et d'en donner un compte-rendu dans une de nos revues. Si
 donc, monsieur, il se trouve un exemplaire encore disponible de la
-"Rech[erche] d'une première Verité," j'oserai vous prier de l'envoyer à
-l'adresse de la libraire ci-incluse, en écrivant mon nom sur la
+"Rech[erche] d'une première Verité," j'oserai vous prier de l'envoyer à
+l'adresse de la libraire ci-incluse, en écrivant mon nom sur la
 couverture. M. Galette soldera tous les frais, s'il s'en trouve.</p>
 
 <p>Veuillez encore une fois, cher monsieur, croire aux sentiments
-d'admiration et de haut respect avec lesquels je suis votre très
-obéissant serviteur,</p>
+d'admiration et de haut respect avec lesquels je suis votre très
+obéissant serviteur,</p>
 
 <p class="r">W<small>ILLIAM</small> J<small>AMES</small>.<br />
 </p>
@@ -5576,7 +5538,7 @@ containing part of "Bressant," a novel by Julian Hawthorne, to send Bob
 Temple. At 10.30 arrived your letter of January 26th, which was a very
 pleasant continuation of your <i>Aufenthalt</i> in Rome. At 12.30, after
 reading an hour in Flint's "Physiology," I went to town, paid a bill of
-Randidge's, looked into the Athenæum reading-room, got one dozen raw
+Randidge's, looked into the Athenæum reading-room, got one dozen raw
 oysters at Higgins's saloon in Court Street, came out again, thermometer
 having risen to near thawing point, dozed half an hour before the fire,
 and am now writing this to you.</p>
@@ -5818,12 +5780,12 @@ terribly monotonous-looking city&mdash;no expression of having <i>grown</i>, in
 any of the quarters I visited, and I did not have time to bring to the
 surface what power I may possess of sympathizing with the French way of
 being and doing. The awful thin and slow dinner in the tremendously
-imperial dining-room of the Hôtel du Louvre, the exaggerated neatness
+imperial dining-room of the Hôtel du Louvre, the exaggerated neatness
 and order and reglementation of everything visible, contrasted with the
 volcanic situation of things at the present moment, all a-kinder turned
 my plain Yankee stomach, which has not yet recovered from the simpler
 lessons of joy it learnt at Scarboro and Magnolia last summer. I went to
-the Théâtre Français and heard a play in verse of Ponsard, thin stuff
+the Théâtre Français and heard a play in verse of Ponsard, thin stuff
 splendidly represented. Altogether I don't care if I never go to Paris
 again. London "impressed" me twelve times as much. Today in Italy my
 spirits have riz. The draggle-tailed physiognomy of the railway stations
@@ -5912,8 +5874,8 @@ here belongs to hoary eld has done more to reconcile me to what belongs
 to the present hour, business, factories, etc., etc., than anything I
 ever experienced. Every day I sally out into the sunshine and plod my
 way o'er steps of broken thrones and temples until one o'clock, when I
-repair to a certain café in the Corso, begin to eat and read "Galignani"
-and the "Débats," until Harry comes in with the flush of successful
+repair to a certain café in the Corso, begin to eat and read "Galignani"
+and the "Débats," until Harry comes in with the flush of successful
 literary effort fading off his cheek. (It may interest the sympathetic
 soul of Mother to know that my diet until that hour consists of a roll,
 which a waiter in wedding costume brings up to my room when I rise, and
@@ -5927,7 +5889,7 @@ feeding, the Angel in his old and rather shabby striped overcoat, and I
 in my usual neat attire, proceed to walk together either to the big
 Pincian terrace which overhangs the city, and where on certain days
 everyone resorts, or to different churches and spots of note. I always
-dine at the table-d'hôte here; Harry sometimes, his indisposition lately
+dine at the table-d'hôte here; Harry sometimes, his indisposition lately
 (better the past two days) having made him prefer a solitary gorge at
 the restaurant.</p>
 
@@ -5935,7 +5897,7 @@ the restaurant.</p>
 dinner and for an hour after in the dining-room they very pleasantly
 kill time. I am become so far Anglicized that I find myself quite
 fearful of speaking too much to a family of three "cads" who sit
-opposite me at the table-d'hôte, and of whom the young lady (though
+opposite me at the table-d'hôte, and of whom the young lady (though
 rather greasy about the face) is very handsome and intelligent. In the<a name="page_179" id="page_179"></a>
 evening I usually light my fire and read some local book....</p>
 
@@ -5945,8 +5907,8 @@ after home even at the price of a February voyage, and I hate to spend
 so much money here on my mere gizzard and cheeks.&mdash;There, my sweet
 sister, I hope that is a sufficiently spirited epistle for 10.30 <small>P.M.</small>
 When, oh, when, will you write me another like the solitary one I got
-from you in Florence? Seven weeks and one letter! C'est très
-caractéristique de vous! I wrote two days ago to Annie Ashburner. Tell
+from you in Florence? Seven weeks and one letter! C'est très
+caractéristique de vous! I wrote two days ago to Annie Ashburner. Tell
 the adorable Sara Sedgwick [Mrs. W. E. Darwin] that I can't possibly
 refrain much longer&mdash;in spite of my just resentment&mdash;from writing to
 her. Love to all.... Your</p>
@@ -5969,7 +5931,7 @@ literature, along with a few anonymous articles, to the columns of the
 "Journal of Speculative Philosophy" and the "Critique Philosophique,"
 with three important papers entitled "Spencer's Definition of Mind as
 Correspondence," "Brute and Human Intellect," and "Quelques
-Considérations sur la Méthode Subjective."</p>
+Considérations sur la Méthode Subjective."</p>
 
 <p>Meanwhile his correspondence diminished to its minimum. When his brother
 Henry also came home to America in 1874, it ceased almost entirely. It
@@ -5996,7 +5958,7 @@ utter friendliness of Florence, Rome, etc., grow dear to me, and get
 strangely mixed up with still earlier and more faded impressions,
 derived I know not whence, which infused into the places when I first
 saw them that strange thread of familiarity. The thought of the<a name="page_181" id="page_181"></a>
-Florentine places you name in your letters like "leiser Nachhall längst
+Florentine places you name in your letters like "leiser Nachhall längst
 verklungner Lieder, zieht mit Errinnerungsschauer durch die Brust." I
 hope you'll pass through Dresden if you sail from Germany. I forgot to
 say that the Eagle line from Hamburg has now the largest and finest
@@ -6185,7 +6147,7 @@ containing a brief discussion of free will and determinism to the
 "Nation" of June 8, 1876. He of course sent a copy to Renouvier. The
 following letter begins with a reference to Renouvier's acknowledgment.
 James had been acquainted with Renouvier's work since 1868, when, as the
-reader will recall, he read a number of the "Année Philosophique,"
+reader will recall, he read a number of the "Année Philosophique,"
 Renouvier's annual survey of contemporary philosophy, for the first
 time. The diary entry already quoted from the year 1870 has shown what
 effect Renouvier's essays then had on his mind. His admiration for the
@@ -6278,7 +6240,7 @@ I have visited the class-rooms of many of our best institutions, and
 believe that there are few if any branches which are so inadequately
 taught as those generally roughly classed as philosophy. Deductive
 logic, or the syllogism, is the most thoroughly dwelt upon, while
-induction, æsthetic and psychological and ethical studies, and
+induction, æsthetic and psychological and ethical studies, and
 especially the history of the leading systems of philosophy, ancient and
 modern, and the marvellous new developments in England and Germany, are
 almost entirely ignored. The persistent use of Hamilton, Butler's
@@ -6286,7 +6248,7 @@ almost entirely ignored. The persistent use of Hamilton, Butler's
 the ground of obligation from theological considerations, as text-books,
 is largely responsible for the supposed unpopularity of the studies....
 I think the success which has attended the recent lecture courses at
-Cambridge on modern systems of philosophy, and on æsthetic studies of
+Cambridge on modern systems of philosophy, and on æsthetic studies of
 literature and the fine arts, shows plainly how much might be
 accomplished in this direction by the proper method of instruction."</p>
 
@@ -6341,7 +6303,7 @@ from their teachers are of little consequence provided they catch from
 them the living, philosophic attitude of mind, the independent, personal
 look at all the data of life, and the eagerness to harmonize them....</p>
 
-<p>"In short, philosophy, like Molière, claims her own where she finds it.
+<p>"In short, philosophy, like Molière, claims her own where she finds it.
 She finds much of it today in physics and natural history, and must and
 will educate herself accordingly.... Meanwhile, when we find announced
 that the students in Harvard College next year may study any or all of
@@ -6453,7 +6415,7 @@ climbing, the brook to bathe in, and the primeval forest fragrant about
 them.</p>
 
 <p>With a friend or native guide,&mdash;or often alone, with a book and lunch in
-his light rücksack,&mdash;James would go off for a long day's walk on one of
+his light rücksack,&mdash;James would go off for a long day's walk on one of
 the mountain trails. He liked to start early and to spend several hours
 at mid-day stretched out on the sheltered side of an open ridge or
 summit. In this way he would combine a day of outdoor exercise with
@@ -6506,7 +6468,7 @@ the hills. We only needed crooks and a flock of sheep. I need not say
 that our psychic reaction has been one of content&mdash;perhaps as great as
 ever enjoyed by man.</p>
 
-<p>So farewell, false friend, till such near time as your ehrwürdig person
+<p>So farewell, false friend, till such near time as your ehrwürdig person
 decorate our hearth at Mrs. Hanks's in Harvard St.</p>
 
 <p>Communicate our hearty love to Mrs. Child and believe us your always
@@ -6608,7 +6570,7 @@ element of active tension, of holding my own, as it were, and trusting
 outward things to perform their part so as to make it a full harmony,
 but without any <i>guaranty</i> that they will. Make it a guaranty&mdash;and the
 attitude immediately becomes to my consciousness stagnant and stingless.
-Take<a name="page_200" id="page_200"></a> away the guaranty, and I feel (provided I am <i>überhaupt</i> in
+Take<a name="page_200" id="page_200"></a> away the guaranty, and I feel (provided I am <i>überhaupt</i> in
 vigorous condition) a sort of deep enthusiastic bliss, of bitter
 willingness to do and suffer anything, which translates itself
 physically by a kind of stinging pain inside my breast-bone (don't smile
@@ -6686,7 +6648,7 @@ philosopher between Behrings' Strait and Tierra del Fuego has a grand,
 lonesome picturesqueness about it. I am sorry your surroundings are not
 more mentally congenial. But recollect your extreme youth and the fact
 that you are making a living and practising yourself in the pedagogic
-art, <i>überhaupt</i>. You might be forced to do something much farther away
+art, <i>überhaupt</i>. You might be forced to do something much farther away
 from your chosen line, and even then not make a living. I think you are
 a lucky youth even as matters stand. Unexpected chances are always
 turning up. A fortnight ago President Eliot was asked to recommend some
@@ -6743,7 +6705,7 @@ inquiries of you: whether you were dead and buried or had become an
 idiot or were sick or blind or what, that you sent no word of yourself.
 <i>I</i> am blind as ever, which may excuse my silence.</p>
 
-<p>First of all <i>Glückwünsche</i> as to your <i>Verlobung</i>! which, like the true
+<p>First of all <i>Glückwünsche</i> as to your <i>Verlobung</i>! which, like the true
 philosopher that you are, you mention parenthetically and without names,
 dates, numbers of dollars, etc., etc. I think it shows great sense in
 her, and no small amount of it in you, whoe'er she be. I have found in
@@ -6936,10 +6898,10 @@ ejaculate, to exclaim and to expatiate for weeks on the rude and
 exciting cyclone that had burst upon him and passed by.</p>
 
 <p>On this occasion it took only two days for William to start on from
-London for the Rhine, Nüremburg, and Vienna; then to Venice, where he
+London for the Rhine, Nüremburg, and Vienna; then to Venice, where he
 idled for the first half of October. After this short pause he returned
 to Prague; and then, working northward, consumed the autumn in visiting
-the universities of Dresden, Berlin, Leipzig, Liège and Paris. Intimate
+the universities of Dresden, Berlin, Leipzig, Liège and Paris. Intimate
 letters to his wife, who had remained in Cambridge with their two little
 boys, are almost the only ones that survive. A few passages from these
 will therefore be included.</p>
@@ -6981,7 +6943,7 @@ to do my social-scientific duty. The mighty Hering in especial
 intimidated me beforehand; but having taken the plunge, the cutaneous
 glow and "euphoria" (<i>vide</i> dictionary) succeeded, and I have rarely
 enjoyed a forty-eight hours better, in spite of the fact that the good
-and sharp-nosed Stumpf (whose book "Über die Raumvorstellungen" I verily
+and sharp-nosed Stumpf (whose book "Ãœber die Raumvorstellungen" I verily
 believe thou art capable of never having noticed the cover of!) insisted
 on trotting me about, day and night, over the whole length and breadth
 of Prague, and that [Ernst] Mach (Professor of Physics), genius of all
@@ -7005,7 +6967,7 @@ three on Wednesday morning and four in the afternoon; so I feel rather
 intimate. A clear-headed and just-minded, though pale and
 anxious-looking man in poor health. He had another philosopher named
 Marty [?] to dine with me yesterday&mdash;jolly young fellow. My native
-<i>Geschwätzigkeit</i><a name="FNanchor_64_64" id="FNanchor_64_64"></a><a href="#Footnote_64_64" class="fnanchor">[64]</a> triumphed over even the difficulties of the German
+<i>Geschwätzigkeit</i><a name="FNanchor_64_64" id="FNanchor_64_64"></a><a href="#Footnote_64_64" class="fnanchor">[64]</a> triumphed over even the difficulties of the German
 tongue; I careered over the field, taking the pitfalls and breastworks
 at full run, and was fairly astounded myself at coming in alive. I
 learned a good many things from them, both in the way of theory and
@@ -7103,7 +7065,7 @@ tonight. Have been writing psychology most all day....</p>
 
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 
-<p class="r">In train for L<small>IÈGE</small>, <i>Nov. 18, 1882</i>.<br />
+<p class="r">In train for L<small>IÈGE</small>, <i>Nov. 18, 1882</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
 <p>...I believe I didn't tell you, in the bustle of traveling, much about
@@ -7119,7 +7081,7 @@ shall correspond....</p>
 
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 
-<p class="r">L<small>IÈGE</small>, <i>Nov. 20, 1882</i>.<br />
+<p class="r">L<small>IÈGE</small>, <i>Nov. 20, 1882</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
 <p>...I am still at Delb&oelig;uf's, aching in every joint and muscle, weary
@@ -7171,7 +7133,7 @@ students making researches with the professor gain something from him
 personally which his genius alone can give. I certainly got a most
 distinct impression of my own <i>information</i> in regard to <i>modern</i>
 philosophic matters being broader than that of any one I met, and our
-Harvard post of observation being more cosmopolitan. Delb&oelig;uf in Liège
+Harvard post of observation being more cosmopolitan. Delb&oelig;uf in Liège
 was an angel and much the<a name="page_218" id="page_218"></a> best teacher I've seen....<a name="FNanchor_67_67" id="FNanchor_67_67"></a><a href="#Footnote_67_67" class="fnanchor">[67]</a> "The Century,"
 with your very good portrait, etc., was at Hottinguer's this <small>A.M.</small>, sent
 by my wife. I shall read it presently. I'm off now to see if I can get
@@ -7292,7 +7254,7 @@ sense of his right to have a say about the deepest reasons of the
 universe, are what will stay by me. I wish I could believe I should
 transmit some of them to our babes. We all of us have some of his
 virtues and some of his shortcomings. Unlike the cool, dry thin-edged
-men who now abound, he was full of the fumes of the <i>ur-sprünglich</i>
+men who now abound, he was full of the fumes of the <i>ur-sprünglich</i>
 human nature; things turbid, more than he could formulate, wrought
 within him and made his judgments of rejection of so much of what was
 brought [before him] seem like revelations as<a name="page_222" id="page_222"></a> well as knock-down
@@ -7432,7 +7394,7 @@ published through its "Proceedings."</p>
 <p>In the eighties he took up his share of the drudgery which was involved
 in investigating alleged cases of apparition, thought-transference, and
 mediumship. For one entire winter he and Professor G. H. Palmer attended
-"cabinet séances" every Saturday without discovering anything that they
+"cabinet séances" every Saturday without discovering anything that they
 could report as other than fraudulent. But in the following year he got
 upon the track of the now famous Mrs. Piper, and he made his first
 report on her trance-state to the S. P. R. in 1886. After many tests and
@@ -7467,7 +7429,7 @@ villain...."</p>
 
 <p>"[Apr. 24th.] In bed at 11.30, after the most hideously inept psychical
 night, in Charleston, over a much-praised female medium who fraudulently
-played on the guitar. A plague take all white-livered, anæmic, flaccid,
+played on the guitar. A plague take all white-livered, anæmic, flaccid,
 weak-voiced Yankee frauds! Give me a full blooded red-lipped villain
 like dear old D.&mdash;when shall I look upon her like again?"</p>
 
@@ -7538,15 +7500,15 @@ one to the next ten years of work for their mitigation.</p>
 <p>With all this I have done very little consecutive reading. I have not
 yet got at your historic survey in the "Critique Religieuse," for which
 my brain nevertheless itches. But I have read your articles apropos of
-Fouillée, and found them&mdash;the latest one especially&mdash;admirable for
+Fouillée, and found them&mdash;the latest one especially&mdash;admirable for
 clearness and completeness of statement. Surely nothing like them has
 ever been written&mdash;no such stripping of the question down to its naked
-essentials. Those who, like Fouillée, have the intuition of the Absolute
+essentials. Those who, like Fouillée, have the intuition of the Absolute
 Unity, will of course not profit by them or anything else. Why can all
 others view their own beliefs as <i>possibly</i> only hypotheses&mdash;<i>they</i> only
 not? Why does the Absolute Unity make its votaries so much more
 <i>conceited</i> at having attained it, than any other supposed truth does?
-This inner sense of superiority to all antagonists gives Fouillée his
+This inner sense of superiority to all antagonists gives Fouillée his
 <i>fougue</i> and adds to his cleverness, and no doubt increases immensely
 the effectiveness of his writing over the average reader's mind. But it
 also makes him careless and liable to overshoot the mark.</p>
@@ -7558,7 +7520,7 @@ very peculiar type of character, partly man of business, partly
 diplomatist, partly clergyman, and partly professor of metaphysics,
 armed with great authority and influence if his college is an important
 one&mdash;which Yale is; and Porter<a name="page_232" id="page_232"></a> is the paragon of the type&mdash;<i>bonhomme et
-rusé</i>, learned and simple, kindhearted and sociable, yet possessed of
+rusé</i>, learned and simple, kindhearted and sociable, yet possessed of
 great decision and obstinacy. He is over seventy, but comes every summer
 here to the woods to refresh himself by long mountain walks and life in
 "camp," sleeping on a bed of green boughs before a great fire in the
@@ -7657,9 +7619,9 @@ is so exquisitely painful that he will not let himself believe it."</p>
 </p>
 
 <p>Heute den 31ten Januar wurde mir vor 2 Stunden in rascher
-Aufeinander-folge <i>ein</i> (1) wunderschöner jüdischaussehender, kräftiger
+Aufeinander-folge <i>ein</i> (1) wunderschöner jüdischaussehender, kräftiger
 und munterer Knabe geboren. Alles geht nach Wunsch, und bittet um
-stiller Theilnahme der glückliche Vater.</p>
+stiller Theilnahme der glückliche Vater.</p>
 
 <p class="r">W. J.<br />
 </p>
@@ -7801,7 +7763,7 @@ I should be afraid you were over-working. Your Hume-Kant circular shall
 be diligently scanned when my Hume lectures come off, in about six
 weeks. I am better as to the eyes, which gives me much hope. Am,
 however, "maturing" building plans for a house, which is bad for sleep.
-I do hope and trust there will be no "Enttäuschung" about Berkeley,<a name="FNanchor_77_77" id="FNanchor_77_77"></a><a href="#Footnote_77_77" class="fnanchor">[77]</a>
+I do hope and trust there will be no "Enttäuschung" about Berkeley,<a name="FNanchor_77_77" id="FNanchor_77_77"></a><a href="#Footnote_77_77" class="fnanchor">[77]</a>
 and that not only the work, but the place and the climate, may prove
 well adapted to both you and Mrs. Howison. Ever truly yours,</p>
 
@@ -7883,7 +7845,7 @@ responsive about my poor old father's writing falls most gratefully upon
 my heart. For I fear he found <i>me</i> pretty unresponsive during his
 lifetime; and that through my means any post-mortem response should come
 seems a sort of atonement. You would have enjoyed knowing him. I know of
-no one except Carlyle who had such a smiting <i>Ursprünglichkeit</i> of
+no one except Carlyle who had such a smiting <i>Ursprünglichkeit</i> of
 intuition, and such a deep sort of humor where human nature was
 concerned. He bowled one over in such a careless way. He was like
 Carlyle in being no <i>reasoner</i> at all, in the sense in which
@@ -8042,7 +8004,7 @@ brings forth everything <i>eodem jure</i>? Our nature demands something
 there <i>are</i> no sides&mdash;there's the moral rub! And you don't see it!</p>
 
 <p>Ah, Hodgson! Hodgson <i>mio!</i> from whom I hoped so much! Most spirited,
-most clean, most thoroughbred of philosophers! <i>Perchè di tanto inganni
+most clean, most thoroughbred of philosophers! <i>Perchè di tanto inganni
 i figli tuoi?</i><a name="FNanchor_78_78" id="FNanchor_78_78"></a><a href="#Footnote_78_78" class="fnanchor">[78]</a> If you want to reconcile us rationally to
 Determinism, write a Theodicy, reconcile us to <i>Evil</i>, but don't talk of
 the distinction between impediments from within and without when the
@@ -8179,7 +8141,7 @@ in the magazine. I've only read one number of the "Princess
 Casamassima"&mdash;though I hear all the people about me saying it is the
 best thing you've done yet. To return to "The Bostonians"; the two last
 books are simply sweet. There isn't a hair wrong in Verena, you've made
-her neither too little nor too much&mdash;but absolutely <i>liebenswürdig</i>. It
+her neither too little nor too much&mdash;but absolutely <i>liebenswürdig</i>. It
 would have been so easy to spoil her picture by some little excess or
 false note. Her moral situation, between Woman's rights and Ransom, is
 of course deep, and her discovery of the truth on the Central Park day,
@@ -8306,8 +8268,8 @@ they do it in such different <i>ways</i>, that no one of them absolutely
 supersedes the need of the others.</p>
 
 <p>Davidson I saw the other day in Cambridge. He was fresh from the Concord
-School, where they had been belaboring Goethe as their <i>pièce de
-résistance</i> and topping off with pantheism as dessert. He had read aloud
+School, where they had been belaboring Goethe as their <i>pièce de
+résistance</i> and topping off with pantheism as dessert. He had read aloud
 a paper of Montgomery's against pantheism, as well as one of his own on
 Goethe's Titanism. Montgomery's is shortly to appear in a journal here.
 I am rather curious to read it.</p>
@@ -8532,7 +8494,7 @@ and if Katharine is with you, to her. Yours ever,</p>
 <p class="r">C<small>AMBRIDGE</small>, <i>6 Feb., 1887</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p><span class="smcap">My dear Stumpf</span>,&mdash;Your two letters from Rügen of Sept. 8th, and from
+<p><span class="smcap">My dear Stumpf</span>,&mdash;Your two letters from Rügen of Sept. 8th, and from
 Halle of Jan. 2 came duly, and I can assure you that their contents was
 most heartily appreciated, and not by me alone. I fairly squealed with
 pleasure over the first one and its rich combination of good counsel and
@@ -8540,7 +8502,7 @@ humorous commentary, and read the greater part of it to my friend Royce,
 assistant professor of philosophy here, who enjoyed it almost as much as
 I. There is a heartiness and solidity<a name="page_263" id="page_263"></a> about your letters which is truly
 German, and makes them as nutritious as they are refreshing to receive.
-Your <i>Kater-Gefühl</i>,<a name="FNanchor_82_82" id="FNanchor_82_82"></a><a href="#Footnote_82_82" class="fnanchor">[82]</a> however, in your second letter, about your
+Your <i>Kater-Gefühl</i>,<a name="FNanchor_82_82" id="FNanchor_82_82"></a><a href="#Footnote_82_82" class="fnanchor">[82]</a> however, in your second letter, about your
 <i>Auslassungen</i><a name="FNanchor_83_83" id="FNanchor_83_83"></a><a href="#Footnote_83_83" class="fnanchor">[83]</a> on the subject of Wundt, amused me by its speedy
 evolution into <i>Auslassungen</i> more animated still. I can well understand
 why Wundt should make his compatriots impatient. Foreigners can afford
@@ -8549,7 +8511,7 @@ a sort of Napoleon of the intellectual world. Unfortunately he will
 never have a Waterloo, for he is a Napoleon without genius and with no
 central idea which, if defeated, brings down the whole fabric in ruin.
 You remember what Victor Hugo says of Napoleon in the Miserables&mdash;"Il
-gênait Dieu"; Wundt only <i>gêners</i> his <i>confrères</i>; and whilst they make
+gênait Dieu"; Wundt only <i>gêners</i> his <i>confrères</i>; and whilst they make
 mincemeat of some one of his views by their criticism, he is meanwhile
 writing a book on an entirely different subject. Cut him up like a worm,
 and each fragment crawls; there is no <i>n&oelig;ud vital</i> in his mental
@@ -8561,7 +8523,7 @@ type of the species. He isn't a genius, he is a <i>professor</i>&mdash;a being
 whose duty is to know everything, and have his own opinion about
 everything, connected with his <i>Fach</i>. Wundt has the most prodigious
 faculty of appropriating and preserving knowledge, and as for opinions,
-he takes <i>au grand sérieux</i> his duties there. He says of each possible
+he takes <i>au grand sérieux</i> his duties there. He says of each possible
 subject, "Here I must have an opinion. Let's see! What shall it be? How
 many possible opinions are there? three? four? Yes!<a name="page_264" id="page_264"></a> just four! Shall I
 take one of these? It will seem more original to take a higher position,
@@ -8591,7 +8553,7 @@ comes here. He seems a very promising fellow, with a good deal of
 independence of character; and if you knew the conditions of education
 in this country, and of the preparation to fill chairs of philosophy in
 colleges, you would not express any surprise at his, or mine, or any
-other<a name="page_265" id="page_265"></a> American's small amount of "Information über die philosophische
+other<a name="page_265" id="page_265"></a> American's small amount of "Information über die philosophische
 Literatur." Times are mending, however, and within the past six or eight
 years it has been possible, in three or four of our colleges, to get
 really educated for philosophy as a profession. The most promising man
@@ -8653,7 +8615,7 @@ however, borrow largely from you....</p>
 Living," an amazingly patient and thorough piece of work? I should not
 at all wonder if it were the beginning of a new department of natural
 history. But even if not, it is an important chapter in the statistics
-of <i>Völkerpsychologie</i>, and I think Gurney worthy of the highest praise
+of <i>Völkerpsychologie</i>, and I think Gurney worthy of the highest praise
 for his devotion to this unfashionable work. He is not the kind of stuff
 which the ordinary pachydermatous fanatic and mystic is made of....</p>
 
@@ -8665,12 +8627,12 @@ which the ordinary pachydermatous fanatic and mystic is made of....</p>
 <p class="r">C<small>AMBRIDGE</small>, <i>Mar. 26</i> [1887].<br />
 </p>
 
-<p>My live-stock is increased by a <i>Töchterchen</i>, modest, tactful,
+<p>My live-stock is increased by a <i>Töchterchen</i>, modest, tactful,
 unselfish, quite different from a boy, and in fact a really
 <i>epochmachendes Erzeugniss</i>.<a name="FNanchor_87_87" id="FNanchor_87_87"></a><a href="#Footnote_87_87" class="fnanchor">[87]</a> I shall begin to save for her dowry and
 perhaps your Harold will marry her. Their ages are suitable.</p>
 
-<p>Grüsse an die gnädige Frau.</p>
+<p>Grüsse an die gnädige Frau.</p>
 
 <p class="r">W. J.<br />
 </p>
@@ -8990,7 +8952,7 @@ up such a talking that I seemed to be in a boiler factory where they
 bang the iron with the hammers so. It's just so with them every day. But
 they're very good-natured, even if they don't let the old ones speak.</p>
 
-<p>Say to Fräulein that "ich lasse Sie grüssen von Herzensgrund!"<a name="FNanchor_88_88" id="FNanchor_88_88"></a><a href="#Footnote_88_88" class="fnanchor">[88]</a></p>
+<p>Say to Fräulein that "ich lasse Sie grüssen von Herzensgrund!"<a name="FNanchor_88_88" id="FNanchor_88_88"></a><a href="#Footnote_88_88" class="fnanchor">[88]</a></p>
 
 <p>Thump Bill for me and ask him if he likes it so nicely.</p>
 
@@ -9059,7 +9021,7 @@ makes you feel just as if you lived there.</p>
 13th of May, I will take you into my arms; that is, I will meet you with
 a carriage on the wharf, when the boat comes in. And I tell you I shall
 be glad to see the whole lot of you come roaring home. Give my love to
-your Mammy, to Aunt Margaret, to Fräulein, to Harry, to Margaret Mary,
+your Mammy, to Aunt Margaret, to Fräulein, to Harry, to Margaret Mary,
 and to yourself. Your loving Dad,</p>
 
 <p class="r">W<small>M</small>. J<small>AMES</small>.<br />
@@ -9135,7 +9097,7 @@ village seven miles off, to have 'em shod. I, with naught on but gray
 flannel shirt, breeches, belt, stockings<a name="page_282" id="page_282"></a> and shoes, shall now proceed
 across the Lake in the boat and up the hill, to get and carry the mail.
 Harry will probably ride along the shore on the pony which Aunt Kate has
-given him, and where Billy and Fräulein are, Heaven only knows.
+given him, and where Billy and Fräulein are, Heaven only knows.
 Returning, I shall have a bath either in lake or brook&mdash;doesn't it sound
 nice? On the whole it is nice, but very hot.</p>
 
@@ -9320,7 +9282,7 @@ thing the impression of which will perhaps outlast everything else on
 this trip, was four cuttle-fish (octopus) in the Aquarium. I wish we had
 one of them for a child&mdash;such flexible intensity of life in a form so
 inaccessible to our sympathy. Next day to Haslemere to the Pearsall
-Smiths, where I spent a really <i>gemüthlich</i> evening and morning.
+Smiths, where I spent a really <i>gemüthlich</i> evening and morning.
 Pearsall himself as engaging as of yore. The place and country
 wonderfully rich and beautiful. Returning yesterday, went with H. to
 National Gallery in the afternoon, and read Brownell on France in the
@@ -9334,7 +9296,7 @@ them as if real can make a book magnificent.</p>
 went (with thousands of others similarly enthroned) to Hampton Court,
 through Kew, Richmond, Bushey Park, etc.; about 30 miles there and back,
 all for 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> I strolled for an hour or more in the Hampton Court
-Gardens, and overlooked the Thames all <i>bizarrée</i> with row-boats and
+Gardens, and overlooked the Thames all <i>bizarrée</i> with row-boats and
 male and female rowers, and got back, <i>perdu dans la foule</i>, at <span class="smcap">10
 P.M.</span>&mdash;a most delightful and interesting six hours, with but the usual
 drawback, that<a name="page_288" id="page_288"></a> <i>you</i> were not along. How you would have enjoyed every
@@ -9607,14 +9569,14 @@ arrived....</p>
 </p>
 
 <p>...I came home very weary, and lit a fire, and had a delicious two hours
-all by myself, thinking of the big <i>étape</i> of my life which now lay
+all by myself, thinking of the big <i>étape</i> of my life which now lay
 behind me (I mean that infernal book done), and of the possibilities
 that the future yielded of reading and living and loving out from the
 shadow of that interminable black cloud.... At any rate, it does give me
 some comfort to think that I don't live <i>wholly</i> in projects,
 aspirations and phrases, but now and then have something done to show
 for all the fuss. The joke of it is that I, who have always considered
-myself a thing of glimpses, of discontinuity, of <i>aperçus</i>, with no
+myself a thing of glimpses, of discontinuity, of <i>aperçus</i>, with no
 power of doing a big job, suddenly realize at the <i>end</i> of this task
 that it is the biggest book on psychology in any language except
 Wundt's, Rosmini's and Daniel Greenleaf Thompson's! Still, if it burns
@@ -9655,7 +9617,7 @@ down Mr. Jay; but you made it all right ere the end. Since the movement
 is on foot, it is time that rational people like yourself should get an
 influence in it. I doubt whether the earth supports a more genuine enemy
 of all that the Catholic Church <i>inwardly</i> stands for than I
-do&mdash;<i>écrasez l'infâme</i> is the only<a name="page_297" id="page_297"></a> way I can feel about it. But the
+do&mdash;<i>écrasez l'infâme</i> is the only<a name="page_297" id="page_297"></a> way I can feel about it. But the
 concrete Catholics, including the common priests in this country, are an
 entirely different matter. Their wish to educate their own, and to do
 what proselytizing they can, is natural enough; so is their wish to get
@@ -9738,7 +9700,7 @@ affectionately,</p>
 <p>T<small>HE</small> publication of the "Principles" may be treated as making a date&mdash;at
 any rate in the story of James's life. Although conceived originally as
 a manual or textbook, it had gone far beyond that mere summary of a
-subject which it is the rôle of most textbooks to be, and had finally
+subject which it is the rôle of most textbooks to be, and had finally
 assumed the form of a philosophic survey. "It was a declaration of
 independence (defining the boundary lines of a new science with
 unapproachable genius.)"<a name="FNanchor_94_94" id="FNanchor_94_94"></a><a href="#Footnote_94_94" class="fnanchor">[94]</a> In the scientific world it established
@@ -9781,9 +9743,9 @@ to be one solution for the difficulty, and in 1892 he set about to
 arrange it. He raised enough money to establish the Harvard Laboratory
 on such a basis that an able experimenter could be invited to make its
 direction his chief concern. He recommended the appointment of Hugo
-Münsterberg to take charge for three years. He had been much impressed
+Münsterberg to take charge for three years. He had been much impressed
 by the originality and promise implied by some<a name="page_302" id="page_302"></a> experimental work which
-Münsterberg had already done at Freiburg, and his conviction&mdash;in respect
+Münsterberg had already done at Freiburg, and his conviction&mdash;in respect
 to all academic appointments&mdash;was that youth and originality should be
 sought rather than "safety"; that the way to organize a strong
 philosophical department was to get men of different schools into its
@@ -9952,8 +9914,8 @@ give at Yale College; and, on the way hither in the cars, I read the
 last half of Rudyard Kipling's "The Light that Failed"&mdash;finding the
 latter indecently true to nature, but recognizing after all that my
 ethics and his novel were the same sort of thing. All literary men are
-sacrifices. "Les festins humains qu'ils servent à leurs fêtes
-ressemblent la plupart à ceux des pélicans," etc., etc. Enough!...</p>
+sacrifices. "Les festins humains qu'ils servent à leurs fêtes
+ressemblent la plupart à ceux des pélicans," etc., etc. Enough!...</p>
 
 <h3><i>To W. D. Howells.</i></h3>
 
@@ -10104,26 +10066,26 @@ until I write again. Your ever loving,</p>
 <p>&nbsp;</p>
 
 <p>The reader should not fail to realize, in reading the letter which
-follows, that it was written, not only while Münsterberg<a name="page_312" id="page_312"></a> was still a
+follows, that it was written, not only while Münsterberg<a name="page_312" id="page_312"></a> was still a
 remote young psychologist in Germany, with no claim on James's
 consideration, but before there was any question of calling him to
 Harvard.</p>
 
-<h3><i>To Hugo Münsterberg.</i></h3>
+<h3><i>To Hugo Münsterberg.</i></h3>
 
 <p class="r">C<small>HOCORUA</small>, <i>July 8, 1891</i>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p><span class="smcap">Dear Dr. Münsterberg</span>,&mdash;I have just read Prof. G. E. Müller's review of
+<p><span class="smcap">Dear Dr. Münsterberg</span>,&mdash;I have just read Prof. G. E. Müller's review of
 you in the G. G. H., and find it in many respects so brutal that I am
 impelled to send you a word of "consolation," if such a thing be
 possible. German polemics in general are not distinguished by
 mansuetude; but there is something peculiarly hideous in the business
-when an established authority like Müller, instead of administering
+when an established authority like Müller, instead of administering
 fatherly and kindly admonition to a youngster like yourself, shows a
 malign pleasure in knocking him down and jumping up and down upon his
 body. All your merits he passes by parenthetically as
-<i>selbstverständlich</i>; your sins he enlarges upon with unction. Don't
+<i>selbstverständlich</i>; your sins he enlarges upon with unction. Don't
 mind it! Don't be angry! Turn the other cheek! Make no ill-mannered
 reply!&mdash;and great will be your credit and reward! Answer by continuing
 your work and making it more and more irreproachable.</p>
@@ -10132,7 +10094,7 @@ your work and making it more and more irreproachable.</p>
 sense-theory of psychic measurements seems to me incredible in many
 ways. Your general mechanical <i>Welt-anschauung</i> is too abstract and
 simple for my mind. But I find in you just what is lacking in this
-critique of Müller's&mdash;a sense for the perspective and proportion of
+critique of Müller's&mdash;a sense for the perspective and proportion of
 things (so that, for instance, you <i>don't</i> make experiments and quote
 figures to the 100th decimal, where a coarse qualitative result is all
 that the question needs). Whose <i>theories</i> in Psychology have any
@@ -10146,8 +10108,8 @@ been hitherto, I will back you to beat the whole army of your critics
 before you are forty years old. Too much ambition and too much rashness
 are marks of a certain type of genius in its youth. The <i>destiny</i> of
 that genius depends on its power or inability to assimilate and get good
-out of such criticisms as Müller's. Get the good! forget the bad!&mdash;and
-Müller will live to feel ashamed of his tone.</p>
+out of such criticisms as Müller's. Get the good! forget the bad!&mdash;and
+Müller will live to feel ashamed of his tone.</p>
 
 <p>I was very much grieved to learn from Delabarre lately that the doctors
 had found some weakness in your heart! What a wasteful thing is Nature,
@@ -10301,7 +10263,7 @@ and to Theodora as well as to yourself, I am always, your loving,</p>
 future of our philosophy department.<a name="page_318" id="page_318"></a> Harvard must lead in psychology;
 and I, having founded her laboratory, am not the man to carry on the
 practical work. I have <i>almost</i> succeeded, however, in clinching a
-bargain whereby Münsterberg, the ablest experimental psychologist in
+bargain whereby Münsterberg, the ablest experimental psychologist in
 Germany, allowance made for his being only 28 years old,&mdash;he is in fact
 the Rudyard Kipling of psychology,&mdash;is to come here. When he does he
 will scoop out all the other universities as far as that line of work
@@ -10376,7 +10338,7 @@ to Florence in September. It happened that a few weeks were passed in a
 Professor Theodore Flournoy of the University of Geneva, to whom the
 next letter but one is addressed, was also spending his vacation with
 his family. Flournoy had reviewed the "Principles" in the "Journal de
-Genève," and there had already been some correspondence between the two
+Genève," and there had already been some correspondence between the two
 men. At Vers-chez-les-Blanc a real friendship sprang up quickly. It grew
 deeper and closer as the years slipped by, for in temperament and mental
 outlook the Swiss and the American were close kin.</p>
@@ -10485,7 +10447,7 @@ reach.</p>
 
 <p><span class="smcap">My dear Flournoy</span>,&mdash;Your most agreeable letter&mdash;one of those which one
 preserves to read in one's old <a name="page_324" id="page_324"></a>age&mdash;came yesterday.... I am much
-obliged to you for the paper by Sécretan, and (unless you deny me the
+obliged to you for the paper by Sécretan, and (unless you deny me the
 permission) I propose to keep it, and let you get a new one, which you
 can do more easily than I. It is much too oracular and brief, but its
 <i>pregnancy</i> is a good example of what an intellect gains by growing old:
@@ -10501,18 +10463,18 @@ system fails to satisfy, but it seems to me the classical and consistent
 expression of <i>one</i> of the great attitudes: that of insisting on
 logically intelligible formulas. If one goes beyond, one must abandon
 the hope of <i>formulas</i> altogether, which is what all pious
-sentimentalists do; and with them M. Sécretan, since he fails to give
+sentimentalists do; and with them M. Sécretan, since he fails to give
 any articulate substitute for the "Criticism" he finds so
 unsatisfactory. Most philosophers give formulas, and inadmissible ones,
-as when Sécretan makes a <i>memoire sans oubli</i> = <i>duratio tota simul</i> =
+as when Sécretan makes a <i>memoire sans oubli</i> = <i>duratio tota simul</i> =
 eternity!</p>
 
 <p>I have been reading with much interest the articles on the will by
-Fouillée, in the "Revue Philosophique" for June and August. There are
+Fouillée, in the "Revue Philosophique" for June and August. There are
 admirable descriptive pages, though the final philosophy fails to
 impress me much. I am in good condition now, and must try to do a little
 methodical work every day in Florence, in spite of the temptations to
-<i>flânerie</i> of the sort of life.</p>
+<i>flânerie</i> of the sort of life.</p>
 
 <p>I did hope to have spent a few days in Geneva before<a name="page_325" id="page_325"></a> crossing the
 mountains! But perhaps, for the holidays, you and Madame Flournoy will
@@ -10744,10 +10706,10 @@ $3000. But still it is a step ahead and I congratulate you most heartily
 thereupon.</p>
 
 <p>What I most urgently wanted to hear from you was some estimate of
-Münsterberg, and when you say, "he is an immense success," you may
+Münsterberg, and when you say, "he is an immense success," you may
 imagine how I am pleased. He has his foibles, as who has not; but I have
 a strong impression that that youth will be a great man. Moreover, his
-naïveté and openness of nature make him very lovable. I do hope that
+naïveté and openness of nature make him very lovable. I do hope that
 [his] English will go&mdash;of course there can be no question of the
 students liking him, when once he gets his communications open. He has
 written me exhaustive letters, and seems to be outdoing even you in the
@@ -10762,7 +10724,7 @@ without anything very serious accomplished. But we live well and are
 comfortable by means of sheet-iron stoves which the clammy quality of
 the cold rather than its intensity seems to necessitate, and Italianism
 is "striking in" to all of us to various degrees of depth, shallowest of
-all I fear in Peg and the baby. When <i>Gemüthlichkeit</i> is banished from
+all I fear in Peg and the baby. When <i>Gemüthlichkeit</i> is banished from
 the<a name="page_333" id="page_333"></a> world, it will still survive in this dear and shabby old country;
 though I suppose the same sort of thing is really to be found in the
 East even more than in Italy, and that we shall seek it there when Italy
@@ -10789,7 +10751,7 @@ philosophical. I am now reading Wundt's curiously long-winded "System,"
 which, in spite of his intolerable sleekness and way of <i>soaping</i>
 everything on to you by plausible transitions so as to make it run
 continuous, has every now and then a compendiously stated truth, or
-<i>aperçu</i>, which is nourishing and instructive. Come March, I will send
+<i>aperçu</i>, which is nourishing and instructive. Come March, I will send
 you proposals for my work next year, to the "Cosmology" part of which I
 am just beginning to wake up. [A. W.] Benn, of the history of Greek<a name="page_334" id="page_334"></a>
 Philosophy, is here, a shy Irishman (I should judge) with a queer
@@ -10802,18 +10764,18 @@ straight.</p>
 
 <p>I have just been "penning" a notice of Renouvier's "Principes de la
 Nature" for Schurman.<a name="FNanchor_103_103" id="FNanchor_103_103"></a><a href="#Footnote_103_103" class="fnanchor">[103]</a> Renouvier cannot be <i>true</i>&mdash;his world is so
-much <i>dust</i>. But that conception is a <i>zu überwindendes Moment</i>, and he
+much <i>dust</i>. But that conception is a <i>zu überwindendes Moment</i>, and he
 has given it its most energetic expression. There is a theodicy at the
 end, a speculation about this being a world fallen, which ought to
 interest you much from the point of view of your own Cosmology.</p>
 
-<p>Münsterberg wrote me, and I forgot to remark on it in my reply, that
+<p>Münsterberg wrote me, and I forgot to remark on it in my reply, that
 Scripture wanted him to contribute to a new Yale psychology review, but
 that he wished to publish in a volume. I confess it disgusts me to hear
 of each of these little separate college tin-trumpets. What I should
 really like would be a philosophic <i>monthly</i> in America, which would be
 all sufficing, as the "Revue Philosophique" is in France. If it were a
-monthly, Münsterberg could find room for all his contributions from the
+monthly, Münsterberg could find room for all his contributions from the
 laboratory. But I don't suppose that Scripture will combine with
 Schurman any more than Hall would, or for the matter of that, I don't
 know whether Schurman himself would wish it....</p>
@@ -10830,7 +10792,7 @@ us to both of you, yours always,</p>
 <p class="r">W<small>M</small>. J<small>AMES</small>.<br />
 </p>
 
-<p>Pray give love to Palmer, Nichols, Santayana, Münsterberg, and all.</p>
+<p>Pray give love to Palmer, Nichols, Santayana, Münsterberg, and all.</p>
 
 <h3><i>To Miss Grace Norton.</i></h3>
 
@@ -10904,9 +10866,9 @@ glad that, being incapable cf anything like scholarship in any line, I
 still can take some pleasure from these pictures in the way of love;
 particularly glad since some years ago I thought that my care for
 pictures had faded away with youth. But with better opportunities it has
-revived. Loeser describes Bôcher as <i>basking</i> in the presence of
+revived. Loeser describes Bôcher as <i>basking</i> in the presence of
 pictures, as if it were an amusing way of taking them, whereas it is the
-true way. Is Mr. Bôcher giving his lectures or talks again at your
+true way. Is Mr. Bôcher giving his lectures or talks again at your
 house?</p>
 
 <p>Duveneck<a name="FNanchor_104_104" id="FNanchor_104_104"></a><a href="#Footnote_104_104" class="fnanchor">[104]</a> is here, but I have seen very little of him. The professor
@@ -10946,7 +10908,7 @@ which I mean that the dinner which we gave on Sunday night, and which
 she with great equanimity got up, was a perfect success. She began,
 according to her wont, after we had been in the apartment a fortnight,
 to say that we must give a dinner to the Villaris, etc. If you could
-have seen the manner of our ménage at that time, you would have excused
+have seen the manner of our ménage at that time, you would have excused
 the terrible severity of the tones in which I rebuked her, and the
 copious eloquence in which I described our past, present,<a name="page_339" id="page_339"></a> and future
 life and circumstances and expressed my doubts as to whether she ought
@@ -10996,7 +10958,7 @@ ironical smile which I can't give on paper....</p>
 home gossip and its Florentine advice. Our winter has worn away, as you
 see, with very little discomfort from cold. It is true that I have been
 irritated at the immovable condition of my bed-room thermometer which,
-for five weeks, has been at 40°F., not shifting in all that time more
+for five weeks, has been at 40°F., not shifting in all that time more
 than one degree either way, until I longed for a change; but how much
 better such steadfastness than the acrobatic performances of our
 American winter-thermometer. You and other sybarites scared us so, in
@@ -11014,7 +10976,7 @@ causes which abound in our narrow quarters&mdash;narrow in winter-time, broad
 enough when fires go out) are very great.</p>
 
 <p>Duveneck<a name="FNanchor_105_105" id="FNanchor_105_105"></a><a href="#Footnote_105_105" class="fnanchor">[105]</a> spent a most delightful evening here a while ago, and left
-a big portfolio of photos of Böcklin's pictures and a big bunch of
+a big portfolio of photos of Böcklin's pictures and a big bunch of
 cigars for me two days later. I wish I didn't always feel like a
 <i>phrase-monger</i> with honest artists like him. However there are some
 fellows who seem phrase-mongers to me, X&mdash;&mdash;, <i>e.g.</i>, so it's
@@ -11070,7 +11032,7 @@ thing, in putting yourself in the strongest <i>milieu</i> to be found on
 earth. But Italy is incomparable as a refreshing refuge, and I am sorry
 that you are likely to lose it this year....<a name="page_343" id="page_343"></a></p>
 
-<h3><i>To François Pillon.</i></h3>
+<h3><i>To François Pillon.</i></h3>
 
 <p class="c">[Post-card]<br />
 </p>
@@ -11112,7 +11074,7 @@ American supply in the past year, we thought we had better remain
 dressmakers have<a name="page_344" id="page_344"></a> their will with her time. I early asked at your door
 whether you were in town and visible, and received a reassuring reply,
 so I felt quite safe and devoted myself to showing my wife the sights,
-and enjoying her naïf wonder as she drank in Britain's greatness. Four
+and enjoying her naïf wonder as she drank in Britain's greatness. Four
 nights ago at 9:30 <small>P.M.</small> I pointed out to her (as possibly the climax of
 greatness) your library windows with one of them open and bright with
 the inner light. She said, "Let's ring and see him." My heart palpitated
@@ -11175,7 +11137,7 @@ moving sight, and at bottom here the people are more good-natured<a name="page_3
 the Irish question than one would think to listen to their strong words.
 The cheery, active English temperament beats the world, I believe, the
 Deutschers included. But so cartilaginous and unsentimental as to the
-<i>Gemüth</i>! The girls like boys and the men like horses!</p>
+<i>Gemüth</i>! The girls like boys and the men like horses!</p>
 
 <p>I shall be greatly interested in your article. As for Uphues, I am duly
 uplifted that such a man should read me, and am ashamed to say that
@@ -11185,10 +11147,10 @@ actually reading them. I only laid them out again yesterday to take back
 to Switzerland with me. Such things make me despair. Paulsen's
 <i>Einleitung</i> is the greatest treat I have enjoyed of late. His synthesis
 is to my mind almost lamentably unsatisfactory, but the book makes a
-station, an <i>étape</i>, in the expression of things. Good-bye&mdash;my wife
+station, an <i>étape</i>, in the expression of things. Good-bye&mdash;my wife
 comes in, ready to go out to lunch, and thereafter to Haslemere for the
 night. She sends love, and so do I. Address us when you get to
-Switzerland to M. Cérésole, as above, "la Chiesaz sur Vevey (Vaud), and
+Switzerland to M. Cérésole, as above, "la Chiesaz sur Vevey (Vaud), and
 believe me ever yours,</p>
 
 <p class="r">W<small>M</small>. J<small>AMES</small>.<br />
@@ -11241,7 +11203,7 @@ charming and easy, he ill at ease, refusing to try English unless
 compelled, and turning to <i>me</i> at the table as a drowning man to a
 "hencoop," as if there were safety in the presence of anyone connected
 with you. I could do nothing towards inviting them, in the existent
-state of our ménage; but when, later, they come back for a month in
+state of our ménage; but when, later, they come back for a month in
 Boston, I shall be glad to bring them into the house for a few days. I
 feel quite a fellow feeling for him; he seems a very human creature, and
 it was a real pleasure to me to see a Frenchman of B.'s celebrity <i>look</i>
@@ -11275,8 +11237,8 @@ style="border:3px double gray;padding:2%;">
 <tr><td align="center">He tried to make up for the <span class="errata">deficiences</span>=>He tried to make up for the deficiencies</td></tr>
 <tr><td align="center">"little genuises"=>"little geniuses"</td></tr>
 <tr><td align="center">I am <span class="errata">desirious</span> of reading=>I am desirous of reading</td></tr>
-<tr><td align="center">Et peut-on savoir <span class="errata">jusqu'ou</span>=>Et peut-on savoir jusqu'où</td></tr>
-<tr><td align="center"><span class="errata">Dés</span> que ma santé=>Dès que ma santé</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center">Et peut-on savoir <span class="errata">jusqu'ou</span>=>Et peut-on savoir jusqu'où</td></tr>
+<tr><td align="center"><span class="errata">Dés</span> que ma santé=>Dès que ma santé</td></tr>
 <tr><td align="center">Journal of Speculative <span class="errata">Philsophy</span>=>Journal of Speculative Philosophy</td></tr>
 <tr><td align="center">end was <span class="errata">apporaching</span> until it was close at hand=>end was approaching until it was close at hand</td></tr>
 </table>
@@ -11460,7 +11422,7 @@ memorandum.</p></div>
 exaggeration of features, which are hardly appropriate to the Christian
 Strasse.</p></div>
 
-<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_37_37" id="Footnote_37_37"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37_37"><span class="label">[37]</span></a> The notice of Grimm's <i>Unüberwindliche Mächte</i> appeared
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_37_37" id="Footnote_37_37"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37_37"><span class="label">[37]</span></a> The notice of Grimm's <i>Unüberwindliche Mächte</i> appeared
 under the title "A German-American Novel" in the <i>Nation</i>, 1867; vol. <small>V</small>,
 p. 432.</p></div>
 
@@ -11491,40 +11453,40 @@ understood that "R 2 M" signified the <i>Revue des deux Mondes</i>. The
 original entries stand in a column, without punctuation, and occupy two
 and a half pages. Amplifications are added in brackets:&mdash;
 </p><p>
-"A. Dumas, fils; Père prod[igue], &frac12; Monde; Fils naturel, Question
+"A. Dumas, fils; Père prod[igue], &frac12; Monde; Fils naturel, Question
 D'Argent. / Jung; Stilling's Leben. [5 vols. 1806]. / J. S. Mill;
 Subjection of Women [1869]. / H[orace] Bushnell; Woman suffrage, etc.
-[1869]. / Balzac; Le curé de Tours. / Browning; The Ring and the Book. /
+[1869]. / Balzac; Le curé de Tours. / Browning; The Ring and the Book. /
 Ravaison [Mollien]; Rapport s. l. Philosophie [La philosophie en France
-au xix<sup>e</sup> Siècle. Paris, 1868]. / Goethe; Aus meinem Leben. / Coquerel
-fils; [Perhaps Athanase Josué Coquerel, 1820-1875, author of "Libres
-études" (1867)]. / Em. Burnouf; [La] Sc[ience] des Relig[ions, vi. Les
-orthodoxies, comment elles se forment et déclinent] R2M. July 1, 69. /
-Leblais; Matérialisme and Sp[iri]t[ua]l[i]sme. [Paris, 1865]. / Littré;
+au xix<sup>e</sup> Siècle. Paris, 1868]. / Goethe; Aus meinem Leben. / Coquerel
+fils; [Perhaps Athanase Josué Coquerel, 1820-1875, author of "Libres
+études" (1867)]. / Em. Burnouf; [La] Sc[ience] des Relig[ions, vi. Les
+orthodoxies, comment elles se forment et déclinent] R2M. July 1, 69. /
+Leblais; Matérialisme and Sp[iri]t[ua]l[i]sme. [Paris, 1865]. / Littré;
 Paroles de [la] Philos[ophie] pos[itive, 1859]. / Caro; le
-Mat[érialis]me and la Science [1868]. / Comte and Littré; principes de
+Mat[érialis]me and la Science [1868]. / Comte and Littré; principes de
 Phil. pos. [Comte, Auguste. Cours de philosophie positive, 6 vols., 2nd
-ed. with preface by Littré. Paris, 1864]. / Littré, Bridges; replies to
+ed. with preface by Littré. Paris, 1864]. / Littré, Bridges; replies to
 Mill. [Bridges, John Henry. Unity of Comte's life and doctrine; a reply
 to strictures on Comte's later writings, addressed to J. S. Mill.
 London, 1866]. / H. Spencer; Reasons for dissenting from Comte. /
-Secrétan; Preface to Phil. de la Liberté [1848]. / Schopenhauer; das
-Metaph. Bedürfniss. / H[enry] James [sen.]; Moralism and Christianity
+Secrétan; Preface to Phil. de la Liberté [1848]. / Schopenhauer; das
+Metaph. Bedürfniss. / H[enry] James [sen.]; Moralism and Christianity
 [N.Y. 1850]. / Jouffroy; Dist. ent. Psych. and Phys. [Part of the
-"Mélanges Philosophiques"?]. / Benedikt; Electrotherap[ie], first 100
+"Mélanges Philosophiques"?]. / Benedikt; Electrotherap[ie], first 100
 pp. / Lecky; History of Morals [2 vols. 1869]. / Froude; Short Studies,
 etc. (skimmed). / Duke of Argyle; Primeval Man [1869]. / Turgeneff;
 Nouvelles Moscovites. / Lewes: [Biographical] Hist. of Phil.,
-Prolegomena, Kant, Comte. / Geo. Sand; Constance Verrier. / Mérimée;
+Prolegomena, Kant, Comte. / Geo. Sand; Constance Verrier. / Mérimée;
 Lokis. R2M. 15 Sept. 69. / J. Grote; Exploratio philosophica, [1865]. /
 H[enry] James [Sen.]; Lectures and Miscellanies. [1852]. / [K. J?]
 Simrock. / C. Reade; Griffith Gaunt. / G. Droz; Autour d'une Source. /
 O. Feuillet. / D. F. Strauss; Chr[istian] Marklin. Mannheim. 1851. / M.
-Müller; Chips [from a German workshop] vol. <small>I</small> and vol. <small>II</small> partly. / Lis
+Müller; Chips [from a German workshop] vol. <small>I</small> and vol. <small>II</small> partly. / Lis
 [Elisa?] Maier; W. Humboldt's Leben. [1865]. / Lis Maier; Geo. Forster's
-[Leben, 1856]. / Schleiermacher; Correspondenz. vol. <small>I</small>. / Réville;
+[Leben, 1856]. / Schleiermacher; Correspondenz. vol. <small>I</small>. / Réville;
 Israelitic monotheism, R2M, 1<sup>er</sup> Sept. 69. [La religion primitive
-d'Israel et le développement du monothéisme]. / Deutsch; Islam.
+d'Israel et le développement du monothéisme]. / Deutsch; Islam.
 Quarterly Rev. Oct. '69. / Fichte; Best[immung] des Gelehrten. i and ii
 Vorlesungen. / Ste.-Beuve; Art[icle on] Leopardi, [in] Port[raits]
 cont[emporains] iii. / Westm[inster]: Rev[iew] Art. on Lecky. Oct. 69. /
@@ -11550,7 +11512,7 @@ reach and inspire them with a certain friendliness toward the faith that
 animates it. The standard example, Goethe, is ever at hand. But to be
 thus widely effective, a man must not be a specialist. Mr. John Mill,
 weighty and many-sided as he is by nature and culture, is yet deficient
-in the æsthetic direction; and the same is true of M. Littré in France.
+in the æsthetic direction; and the same is true of M. Littré in France.
 Their lances lack that final tipping with light that made Voltaire's so
 irresistible. What Henry IV's soldiers followed was his white plume; and
 that imponderable superfluity, grace, in some shape, seems one factor
@@ -11682,7 +11644,7 @@ wisely and sensibly than their friends report them to do, I put them in
 the same category. The only good that I can see in the demonstration of
 the truth of 'Spiritualism' is to furnish an additional argument against
 suicide. Better live a crossing-sweeper, than die and be made to talk
-twaddle by a 'medium' hired at a guinea a séance." <i>Life and Letters</i>,
+twaddle by a 'medium' hired at a guinea a séance." <i>Life and Letters</i>,
 vol. <small>I</small>, p. 452 (New York, 1900).
 </p><p>
 James's comment should be added: "Obviously the mind of the excellent
@@ -11752,7 +11714,7 @@ the night and I had clean forgotten it when the little wretch confronted
 me with it, at this sublime moment, when I was feeling within me the
 potency of a Bismarck, and left me powerless before the immutable law
 that, however great we may seem to our own consciousness, no human being
-would exchange his for ours, and before the fact that <i>my</i> glorious rôle
+would exchange his for ours, and before the fact that <i>my</i> glorious rôle
 was to stand for <i>sick-headache</i> to mankind! What a grotesque being I
 am, to be sure, lying in this room, with the resistance of a
 thistle-down, having illusory moments of throbbing with the pulse of the
@@ -11770,7 +11732,7 @@ unhappy, by the way?" [From a diary of Alice James's.]</p></div>
 a patent medicine called "Mrs. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound."</p></div>
 
 <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_82_82" id="Footnote_82_82"></a><a href="#FNanchor_82_82"><span class="label">[82]</span></a> The state of self-reproachful irritation described by
-<i>Kater-Gefühl</i> cannot be justly rendered by any English word.</p></div>
+<i>Kater-Gefühl</i> cannot be justly rendered by any English word.</p></div>
 
 <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_83_83" id="Footnote_83_83"></a><a href="#FNanchor_83_83"><span class="label">[83]</span></a> Outbursts.</p></div>
 
@@ -11811,7 +11773,7 @@ one man." (Letter from the Hotel Del Monte, Sept. 8, 1898.)</p></div>
 American Psychological Association, Dec. 1916. <i>Science</i> (N.S.), vol.
 <small>XLV</small>, p. 276.</p></div>
 
-<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_95_95" id="Footnote_95_95"></a><a href="#FNanchor_95_95"><span class="label">[95]</span></a> To Hugo Münsterberg, Aug. 22, 1890.</p></div>
+<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_95_95" id="Footnote_95_95"></a><a href="#FNanchor_95_95"><span class="label">[95]</span></a> To Hugo Münsterberg, Aug. 22, 1890.</p></div>
 
 <div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_96_96" id="Footnote_96_96"></a><a href="#FNanchor_96_96"><span class="label">[96]</span></a> <i>E.g.</i>, <i>Principles of Psychology</i>, vol. <small>I</small>, p. 369. "One
 is almost tempted to believe that the pantomime state of mind and that
@@ -11863,386 +11825,6 @@ think I suffer from it."</p></div>
 </div>
 <hr class="full" />
 
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