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diff --git a/39233.txt b/39233.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..70004fd --- /dev/null +++ b/39233.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2762 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109, +November 29, 1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109, November 29, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: March 23, 2012 [EBook #39233] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in +brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on +top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs +indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been +standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has +been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES and QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +VOL. IV.--No. 109. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Thomas More and John Fisher 417 + + Notes on Newspapers, by H. M. Bealby 418 + + Treatise of Equivocation 419 + + Notes on Virgil, by Dr. Henry 420 + + Minor Notes:--Verses presented, to General + Monck--Justice to Pope Pius V. 421 + + QUERIES:-- + + Crosses and Crucifixes 422 + + Master of the Buckhounds, by John Branfill Harrison 422 + + Minor Queries:--"No Cross no Crown"--Dido and + AEneas--Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the + Athenians--French Refugees--Isabel, Queen of the Isle + of Man--Grand-daughter of John Hampden--Cicada or + Tettigonia Septemdecim--The British Sidanen--Jenings or + Jennings--Caleva Atrebatum, Site of--Abigail--Etymology + of Durden--Connecticut Halfpenny 423 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Arms displayed on Spread + Eagle--St. Beuno--Lists of Knights Bachelor--Walker--See + of Durham 424 + + REPLIES:-- + + Convocation of York 425 + + The Old Countess of Desmond 426 + + Coins of Vabalathus 427 + + Marriage of Ecclesiastics 427 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--"Crowns have their + Compass"--The Rev. Richard Farmer--Earwig 428 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c. 429 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 429 + + Notices to Correspondents 430 + + Advertisements 430 + + + + +Notes. + + +THOMAS MORE AND JOHN FISHER. + +Although I am afraid "NOTES AND QUERIES" may not be considered as open +to contributions purely bibliographical, and admitting I am uncertain +whether the following copy of the treatise of John Fisher, Bishop of +Rochester, has been before noted, I am induced to send this extract from +Techener's _Bulletin du Bibliophile_ for May 1851. The book is in the +library at Douai. + + "This Treatise concernynge the fruytful Saynges of David the King + and prophete in the seven penytencyall psalmes, devyded in _ten_ + sermons, was made and compyled by the ryght reverente fader in god + Johan Fyssher, doctour of dyvinyte and bysshop of Rochester, at + the exortacion and sterynge of the most excellent pryncesse + Margarete, Countesse of Richemount and Derby, and moder to out + souverayne Lorde Kynge H[=e]ry the VII." + +It is described as a small 4to., printed upon vellum, in Gothic letters, +at London, 1508, by Wynkyn de Worde, and contains 146 leaves. On the +first leaf it has a portcullis, crowned with the motto "Dieu et mon +Droit." On the recto of the last leaf there is-- + + "Here endeth the exposycyon of the 7 psalmes. Enprynted at London + in the fletestrete, at the sygne of ye Sonne, by Wynkyn de Worde. + In the yere of oure lorde M.CCCCC.VIII. ye 16 day of ye moneth of + Juyn. The XXIII. yere of ye reygne of our souverayne Lorde Kynge + H[=e]ry the Seventh." + +At the back, there is the sun, the monogram of Wynkyn de Worde--the +letters W. C. displayed as usual--and beneath, "Wynkyn de Worde." + +At the beginning of the book, "sur une garde en velin" (a fly-leaf of +vellum?), there is written in a very neat hand the following ten verses, +the profession of faith of Thomas Morus and of his friend John Fisher, +Bishop of Rochester: + + "The surest meanes for to attaine + The perfect waye to endlesse blisse + Are happie lief and to remaine + W'thin ye church where virtue is; + And if thy conscience be sae sounde + To thinse thy faith is truth indeede + Beware in thee noe schisme be founde + That unitie may have her meede; + If unitie thow doe embrace + In heaven (_en_?)joy possesse thy place." + +Beneath-- + + "Qui non recte vivit in unitate ecclesiae + Catholicae, salvus esse non potest." + +And lower on the same page-- + + "Thomas Morus d[=n]s cancellarius Angliae + Joh. Fisher Epus Roffensis." + +It is traditionally reported, upon the testimony of some Anglican +Benedictines (an order now extinct), that the lines which contain the +profession of faith, and those which follow, are in the handwriting of +Bishop Fisher, and that the work was presented by him to the +chancellor, during their imprisonment, when by order of Henry VIII. the +chancellor was denied the consolation of his books. + +In the same library there is a fine Psalter, which belonged to Queen +Elizabeth. The _Livre d'Heures_ of Mary Queen of Scots was here also to +be found: "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland." It is +conjectured these books were brought to Douai by the fugitive English +Roman Catholic priests. In 1790 their collections were confiscated and +given to the public library of Douai. It would be of interest to +ascertain, if possible, the authenticity of the _Heures a l'Usage_, +stated to have belonged to Mary Queen of Scots. Upon this point one may +be permitted to be sceptical. I have myself seen two. One of these, it +was said, had been used by Mary on the scaffold, and contained a note in +the handwriting, as I think, of James II. attesting the fact. It was +understood to have been obtained from a monastery in France. The other, +a small Prayer Book MS. in vellum, of good execution, had the signature +"M." with a line I think over it of "O Lord, deliver me from my +enemies!" in French. I am, however, now writing from memory, and, in the +first case, of very many years. + +Whether the line, "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland," be +written in the Psalter, or has been added by the mental excitement of M. +Duthilloeul, the librarian at Douai, I cannot decide. The grand +culmination of "and Queen of Scotland" forms doubtless a very striking +anti-thesis: but neither the possessor of the book nor a priest would +have so sunk the martyr, although a woman and a queen were alike +concerned, as this line does. Lowndes states there is a copy of the +bishop's treatise on vellum at Cambridge. A copy is in the British +Museum; but the title, according, to Lowndes, has _seven_ sermons. It +will be observed the title now given has _ten_. + + S. H. + + +NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS. + +The social elements of society in the seventeenth century were more +simple in their character and development than at the present period. +The population was comparatively small, and therefore the strivings for +success in any pursuit did not involve that severe conflict which is so +frequently the case in the present day. Society then was more of a +community than it is now. It had not public bodies to aid it. It was +left more to its own inherent resources for reciprocal good, and for +mutual help. The temptations to evade and dissemble, in matters of +business, or private and public negotiations, were not so strong as they +now are. Its transactions were more transparent and defined, because +they were fewer and less complicated than many of our own. We readily +grant that society now, in its social, religious, and commercial +aspects, enjoys advantages immeasurably superior to those of any former +period; still there are some few advantages which it had then, that it +cannot possess now. The following advertisements, from the newspapers of +the time, will illustrate the truth of the foregoing remarks: + +From a _Collection for Improvement of Husbandry and Trade_. + + Friday, January 26, 1693/4. + + "One that is fit to keep a Warehouse, be a Steward, or do any + Business that can be supposed an intelligent Man that has been a + Shopkeeper is fit for, and can give any Security that can be + desired, as far as Ten Thousand Pound goes, and has some Estate of + his own, desires an Employment of One hundred Pounds a year, or + upwards. I can give an account of him." + +That a man having 10,000_l._ to give as security, and in possession of +an estate, should require a situation of 100_l._ per annum, sounds oddly +enough in our ears. "I can give an account of him," denotes that the +editor was a man well known and duly appreciated. He appears to have +been a scribe useful in many ways. He was known, and knowing. + + Friday, February 2, 1693/4. + + "A very eminent Brewer, and one I know to be a very honest + Gentleman, wants an Apprentice. I can give an account of him." + +In what sense the word "honest" must here be taken it is difficult to +define. As an eminent brewer, we should naturally conclude he must have +been an honest man. He is here very eminent and very honest. + + Friday March 16, 1693/4. + + "Many Masters want Apprentices, and many Youths want Masters. If + they apply themselves to me, I'll strive to help them. Also for + variety of valuable services." + +Here is the editor of a paper offering his help to masters and +apprentices for their mutual good. Let us suppose an advertisement of +this kind appearing in _The Times_ of our own day. Printing-house Square +would not contain a tithe of the individuals who would present +themselves for the reception of this accommodating aid. In such a case +the editors (as it regards their particular duties) would be cyphers, +for a continuous absorption of their time would necessarily occur in the +carrying out of this benevolent offer. This advertisement may be +considered as _multum in parvo_, giving the wants of the many in an +announcement of three or four lines, connecting them with a variety of +services which in those days were thought to be valuable. How greatly +are we assisted by these little incidents in forming correct views of +the state of society at that period. + +The next advertisement shows the value set upon the services of one who +was to perform the duties of a clerk, and to play well on the violin. + + "If any young Man that plays well on a Violin, and writes a good + Hand, desires a Clerkship, I can help him to Twenty Pounds a + year." + +Of course twenty pounds was of more value then than it is now: still it +seems a small sum for the performance of such duties, for twelve months. +Here is musical talent required for the amusement of others, in +combination with the daily duties of a particular profession. An +efficient musician, and a good writer, and all for 20_l._ per annum! We +learn by the editor's "I can help him," his readiness to assist all who +would advertise in his journal, to obtain those employments which their +advertisements specified. + + Friday, April 6, 1694. + + "A Grocer of good business desires an Apprentice of good growth." + +The "good growth" must have been intended to convey the idea of height +and strength. + +My next article shall be devoted to advertisements of another class, +further illustrating the state of society and the peculiarities of the +people at the end of the seventeenth century. + + H. M. BEALBY. + + North Brixton. + + +TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION. + +As having originated the inquiry in "NOTES AND QUERIES"[1] respecting +this Treatise, under the signature of J. M., I feel great obligation +both to the editor of that journal, and the editor of the Treatise +itself, for having brought it to light by publication, and added it to +the stock of accurate and very important historical information. Indeed, +a real vacancy was left for it; and it is a subject of high +self-gratulation, that a boon previously, and for a length of time, +hidden and unproductive, is now accessible and operative without limit. +I have no doubt that all your readers, and the whole reading public, +join with me in rejoicing that the editorship of the work has fallen +into hands so competent and so successful. + + [Footnote 1: Vol. i., pp. 263. 357.; Vol. ii., pp. 136. 168. 446. + 490.] + +I was, not for ten, but twenty years or more, in quest of the MS. now so +happily made public property, and should have fallen upon it much +earlier, but for the misleading title under which it appears, where it +_is_ really; for it has been found. In the _Catalogus Lib. MSS._: Ox. +1697, among the Laudian MSS. appears, p. 62., "968.95. _A Treatise_ +against _Equivocation, or fraudulent Dissimulation_." _Against!_ when no +such word is in the original, and the real matter and meaning is _for_! +I had, at some early time, marked the very entry; but presuming that the +work had been actually _printed_ (which I believe it was in a very few +copies, which have disappeared), naturally enough I did not pursue the +search in that direction. Others, I am happy, have, and I am gratified. + +The work is very important; for there is not a work more evidently +genuine and authentic than this is proved to be by plain historic +evidence, both as to the document itself and the facts which it attests. +The witness, or witnesses, appearing in it, give their testimony +respecting themselves with the most unsuspectable simplicity. They meant +not, and have not, misrepresented themselves: they have proclaimed their +own doctrine for themselves respecting Equivocation and Mental +Reservation--the last of which is really of most importance; and it was +most needful to the Roman body at the time, and under their +circumstances. Their object, for mere safety, was concealment as to +their resorts or residences. They could not exist, as they did, without +the assistance and knowledge of many individuals, some of inferior +class. Against the incessant inquiries to which they were exposed they +had no defence, except the power of disappointing or misleading by +ambiguity or deception, which was completely secured by reserved +termination in the mind to any uttered declaration. Now, there is in +this very Treatise _plain admission_ that all the co-religionists of the +endangered party, particularly a lady who is distinctly noticed, were +not convinced of the moral rectitude of such a procedure; and it was +necessary, or expedient, that their hesitation should be removed. And +this seems to be the main object of the present work. How far it has +succeeded must depend upon the evidence which is adduced. + +We have generally had the doctrine of the Roman body on the subject of +the Treatise presented by opponents; here we have it as deliberately +stated by themselves. There is a passage rather observable in p. 103., +beginning at the bottom and extending to the words "he hath no such +meaning to tell them," of which we are not acquainted with a duplicate. +But the whole has something of the freshness and interest of novelty. + +_Macbeth_, it is agreed, I believe, was written in 1607, consequently +after the Powder Plot, when the doctrine before us was brought forward +pointedly against the traitors. Might there not be some reference to the +fact in the Second Act, where the porter of the castle, roused by +repeated knockings, on the murder, after other exclamations in the +manner of the poet, proceeds: + + "Here's an Equivocator, that could swear in both the scales, + against either scale: who committed treason enough for God's sake, + yet could not equivocate to heaven. Oh, come in, Equivocator"? + +Mr. Jardine will thank your correspondent for pointing out an error or +two which should be corrected in another edition. At p. 44., for +"[Greek: chtho]," in the margin, should be printed "_sub verbo_." The +word in the MS. is a contraction to that effect: the capital "V" has a +curved stroke across the first line of the "V," followed by "_bo_." +Generally the _Dubium_, in alphabetic works of the kind referred to, +ranks under some alphabetic word, one or more, as it may happen; but in +Em. Sa's work the word _Dubium_ comes under the letter D., and this is +meant to be expressed. At p. 49. the footnote should be omitted, as the +Vulgate, which is followed, calls the 1st of _Samuel_ the 1st of +_Kings_. The first line of p. 56. should have "_autem_" instead of +"_antea_." I have inspected the MS. carefully, and therefore speak with +confidence. + + EUPATOR. + + +NOTES ON VIRGIL. + +(_Continued from_ p. 308.) + + IV. "Illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas + Turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto." + + Virg. _AEn._ I. 48. + + "TURBINE; volubilitate ventorum. SCOPULO; saxo + eminenti."--_Servius._ + + "Hub sie im Wirbel empor, und spiesst' an ein scharfes Gestein + ihn."--_Voss._ + + "Ipsum vero Pallas fulmine percussum procellae vi scopulo etiam + allisit."--_Heyne._ + + "Impegit rupi acutae."--_Ruaeus._ + + "Infixit. _Inflixit_, lectionem quorundam MSS. facile praetulissem, + et quod statim praecesserit _transfixo_, unde evadit inconcinna + cognatae dictionis repetitio, et quod etiam AEn. x. 303.: + + "'Namque inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo,' + + "si Sidon. Apoll. v. 197. haud tueretur vulgatam scripturam: + + "'Fixusque Capharei + Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus.'"--_Wakefield._ + +To which criticism of Wakefields's, Forbiger adds: "Praeterea etiam acuto +scopulo _infigendi_ voc. accommodatius videtur quam _infligendi_." And +Wagner: "acuto scopulo _infigi_ melius." + +This interpretation and these criticisms are founded altogether on a +false conception of the meaning of the word _infigere_, which is never +to fix _on_, but always either to fix _in_, or to fix _with_, i.e. +pierce _with_. _Scopulo infixit acuto_, _fixed or pinned_ down or to the +ground _with_ a sharp rock; _i.e._ hurled a sharp-pointed rock on him, +so as to nail him to the ground. So (_AEn._ XII. 721.) "Cornua obnixi +infigunt," fix their horns, not _on_, but _in_; infix their horns; stick +their horns into each other; stick each other with their horns: _q.d._ +Cornibus se mutuo infigunt: and, exactly parallel to our text: + + "Saturnius me sic _infixit_ Jupiter, + Jovisque numen Mulcibri adscivit manus. + Hos ille _cuneos_ fabrica crudeli _inserens_, + Perrupit artus; qua miser sollertia + Transverberatus, castrum hoc Furiarum incolo." + + Cicero (translating from AEschylus), _Tuscul. Quaest._ II. 10. + +In confirmation of this view of the passage, I may observe: 1st, that it +is easier to imagine a man staked to the ground by a sharp-pointed rock, +than flung on a sharp-pointed rock, so as to remain permanently impaled +on it; and 2dly, that the account given of the transaction, both by +Quintus Calaber and Seneca, agree as perfectly with this view as they +disagree with the opposite: + + [Greek: Kai ny ken exelyxe kakon moron, ei me ar' auto, + rhexas aian enerthen, epiproeeke kolonen; + eute paros megaloio kat' Enkeladoio daiphron + Pallas aeiramene Sikelen epikabbale neson; + e rh' eti kaietai aien hyp' akamatoio Gigantos, + aithaloen pneiontos eso chthonos; hos ara Lokron + amphekalypsen anakta dysammoron oureos akre, + hypsothen exeripousa, baryne de karteron andra; + amphi de min thanatoio melas ekichesat' olethros, + gaie homos dmethenta, kai akamato eni ponto.] + + Quintus Calab. XIV. 579. + +And so Seneca; who, having presented us with Ajax clinging to the rock +to which he had swum for safety, after his ship had been sunk, and +himself struck with lightning, and there uttering violent imprecations +against the Deity, adds: + + "Plura cum auderet furens, + Tridente rupem subruit pulsam pater + Neptunus, imis exerens undis caput, + Solvitque montem; quem cadens secum tulit: + Terraque et igne victus et pelago jacet." + + _Agam._ 552. + +And, so also, beyond doubt, we are to understand Sidonius +Apollinaris's-- + + "Fixusque Capharei + Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus." + +Not, with Wakefield and the other commentators, _fixed on_ the rocks of +Caphareus, but, _pierced with_ the rocks of Caphareus, and lying under +them. Compare (_AEn._ IX. 701.) "fixo pulmone," the pierced lung; "fixo +cerebro" (_AEn._ XII. 537.); "verubus trementia figunt" (_AEn._ I. 216.), +not, fix _on_ the spits, but, stick or pierce _with_ the spits; and +especially (Ovid. _Ibis._ 341.), + + "Viscera sic aliquis scopulus tua figat, ut olim + Fixa sub Euboico Graia fuere sinu," + +pierced and pinned down with a rock, at the bottom of the Euboean gulf. + +TURBINE. SCOPULO.--Not two instruments, _a whirlwind and a rock_, but +one single instrument, _a whirling rock_; scopulo turbineo; in modo +turbinis se circumagente; as if Virgil had said, Solo affixit illum +correptum et transverberatum scopulo acuto in eum maxima vi rotato: or, +more briefly, Turbine scopuli acuti corripuit et infixit. Compare: + + "Praecipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi + Excutit effunditque solo."--_AEn._ XII. 531. + + "Stupet obvia leto + Turba super stantem, atque emissi turbine montis + Obruitur."--Stat. _Theb._ II. 564. + + "Idem altas turres saxis et turbine crebro + Laxat."--Stat. _Theb._ X. 742. + +So understood, 1st, the passage is according to Virgil's usual manner, +the latter part of the line explaining and defining the general +statement contained in the former; and, 2ndly, Pallas kills her enemy, +not by the somewhat roundabout and unusual method of first striking him +with thunder, and then snatching him up in a whirlwind, and then either +dashing him against a sharp rock, and leaving him impaled there, or, as +I have shown is undoubtedly the meaning, impaling him with a sharp rock, +but by the more compendious and less out-of-the-way method of first +striking him with thunder, and then whirling a sharp-pointed rock on top +of him, so as to impale him. + +From Milton's imitation of this passage, in his _Paradise Lost_ (ii. +180.), it appears that even he fell into the general and double error: + + "Caught in a fiery tempest shall be hurled, + Each on his rock transfixed." + +Caro's translation shows that he had no definite idea whatever of the +meaning: + + "A tale un turbo + In preda il die; che per acuti scogli + Miserabil ne fe' rapina, e scempio." + + * * * * * + + V. "Ast ego, quae Divum incedo regina, Jovisque + Et soror et conjux, una cum gente tot annos + Bella gero."--_AEn._ I. 50. + + "'INCEDERE' wird besonders von der feierlichen, wuerdevollen + Haltung im Gange gebraucht: vers 500, von der Dido, 'Regina + incessit.' (Ruhnk. zu _Terent. And._ I. i. 100. _Eun._ v. 3. 9.) + Deshalb der majestaetischen Juno eigenthuemlich, [Greek: Heraion + badizein]. Also nicht fuer _sum_, sondern ganz + eigentlich."--_Thiel._ + + "But I who walk in awful state above." + + _Dryden._ + + "_Incedere_ est _ingredi_, sed proprie cum quadam pompa et + fastu."--_Gesner._ + + "Incessus dearum, imprimis Junonis, gravitate sua + notus."--_Heyne._ + +And so also Holdsworth and Ruaeus. + +I think, on the contrary, that _incedo_, both here and elsewhere, +expresses only the stepping or walking motion generally, and that the +character of the step or walk, if inferable at all, is to be inferred +only from the context. Accordingly, "Magnifice incedit" (Liv. II. 6.); +"Turpe incedere" (Catull. XXXXII. 8.); "Molliter incedit" (Ovid, _Amor._ +II. 23.); "Passu incedit inerti" (Ovid, _Metam._ II. 772.); "Melius est +incessu regem quam imperium regno claudicare" (Justin. VI. ii. 6.); +"Incessus omnibus animalibus certus et uniusmodi, et in suo, cuique, +genere" (Plin. X. 38.). + +The emphasis, therefore, is on _regina_, and the meaning is, _I who +step, or walk, QUEEN of the Gods_; the dignity of the step being not +expressed by "incedo," but inferable from "regina." The expression +corresponds exactly to "ibit regina" (_AEn._ II. 578.); with this +difference only, that "ibit" does not, like "incedo," specify motion on +foot. + +"Jovisque et soror et conjux."--Both the _ets_ are emphatic. "Jovisque +_et_ soror _et_ conjux." + +"Bella" expresses the organised resistance which she meets, and the +uncertainty of the issue; and being placed first word in the line is +emphatic. + + JAMES HENRY. + + +Minor Notes. + +_Verses presented to General Monck._--The subjoined notice of a curious +entry in the records of the Belfast corporation may be acceptable. The +author is unknown. They are inscribed, "Verses to General Monck," and, +as the last six lines show, are an attack on the Rump Parliament:-- + + Advants George Monck, and Monck St. George shall be, + England's restorer to its liberty, + Scotland's protector, Ireland's president, + Reducing all to affree parliament. + And if thou dost intend the other thing, + Go on, and all shall cry God save ye king. + + R. R doth rebellion represent, + V. By V nought else but villainy is meant, + M. M murther signifies all men doe knowe, + P. P perjuries in fashion grow. + + Then R and V with M and P + Conjoined make up our misery. + +The occasion of their presentation is unknown. General Monck took +Belfast in 1646 from the Scotch, who being true Presbyterians of the +older school, had turned against the parliament. This was the probable +occasion of their being presented to the future restorer of King Charles +II. + + E. L. B. + +_Justice to Pope Pius V._--You have done yourself credit by exonerating +Queen Elizabeth from a charge the easiest to bring, and the most +difficult to rebut, implying the proof of a negative; and therefore +frequently brought by the unprincipled. I propose, as a counterpart, to +exonerate Pope Pius V. from an imputation, mistakingly, though unjustly, +cast upon him by an authority of no less weight than that of Sir Walter +Scott. In his edition of _Somers's Tracts_, vol. i. p. 192., occurs a +note on a place in the _execution of justice_: "Pius V. resolved to make +his bastard son, Boncompagni, Marquis of Vincola, King of Ireland," &c. +For this assertion no authority is cited, nor indeed could be. The very +name might have suggested the filiation to his successor, Gregory XIII., +which was the fact. In a work, not much known, _The Burnt Child dreads +the Fire, &c._, by William Denton, M.D., London, 1675, at p. 25. we +read, "Gregory XIII. had a bastard, _James Buon Compagna_, and to him he +gave _Ireland_, and impowered _Stewkely_ with men, arms, and money, to +conquer it for him."[2] There is no reason to doubt, that with the +editor of the _Tracts_ the above imputation was a simple mistake; but it +is an important duty of all who interfere with historical literature, to +state and correct every discovered instance of the kind. + + [Footnote 2: Camden, in his _Elizabeth_, under 1578, states the + fact without mention of the name, only calling him "the pope's + bastard;" but the date is the sixth year of the pontificate of + Gregory XIII.] + + EUPATOR. + + + + +Queries. + + +CROSSES AND CRUCIFIXES. + +In the 22nd volume of the _Archaeologia_, p. 58., is the following +passage: + + "The cross, which does not appear to have been peculiar to + Christianity, when introduced on these obelisks, is usually filled + with tracery." + +The obelisks, or stones of memorial, referred to are the subjects of a +very interesting paper communicated by Mr. Logan to the Society of +Antiquaries. (See Plates 2, 3, 4, and 5.) I am desirous of being +informed what authenticated instances there are of crosses, or stones +marked with crosses, being used for landmarks, memorials, or for any +other purpose, civil or religious, before the introduction of +Christianity? I have met with one instance. Prescott, in his _History of +Mexico_, relates that-- + + "In the court of one of the temples in the island of Columel he + was amazed by the sight of a cross of stone and lime, about ten + palms high." + +It was the emblem of the god of rain (See vol. i. p. 240., &c.) + +In the same paper Mr. Logan observes-- + + "Crosses, or stones on which the figure was traced, marked a place + of meeting for certain districts; and within memory of man a fair + was held on this spot. It is not improbable that market-crosses + may be deduced from this custom." + +It seems that every town that had the privilege of a market or fair (I +am speaking of England) had a market-cross. In most of these towns the +cross has disappeared, and in its place a ball or globe has been mounted +on the shaft; but the term "market-cross" is still in use. In the town +of Giggleswick, in the parish of Giggleswick, there is a perfect +market-cross, the cross being what is, I believe, called a cross-fleury. +In the town of Settle, in the same parish of Giggleswick, the ball or +globe is placed on the top of the shaft. Are there other instances of +market towns in which the cross is still found? + +I passed through a market town lately in which the stone steps, and +socket in which the shaft was placed, are preserved; but they have been +removed to one corner of the market-place. The shaft and cross have +disappeared. + +Is not this erection of the cross, in places in which markets and fairs +were held, of ecclesiastical origin? Was the cross erected by licence +granted by the bishop within whose jurisdiction it was placed? Is there +any grant of such licence in existence? Or did these crosses originate +in the gratuitous piety of our ancestors? I fear to ask the question, +whether the buyers and sellers under the cross are more upright in their +dealings than those who buy and sell without the presence of this emblem +of all that is true and just. Is the cross erected in the cities and +towns of other states, as in England? Was the custom general in Europe? + + F. W. J. + +Mr. Curzon states, in the introduction to his _Monasteries of the +Levant_, that-- + + "The crucifix was not known before the fifth or sixth century, + though the cross was always the emblem of the Christian faith." + +I am persuaded that this assertion is incorrect, and that the crucifix +was used in much earlier times. Will some one kindly inform me where the +first mention of it is to be found, and what is the date of the earliest +examples now known? + + DRYASDUST. + + +MASTER OF THE BUCKHOUNDS. + +In reading the _Topographer_ for January 1791 (a work which was +published under the editorship of my uncle, Sir Egerton Brydges), I was +surprised to find, in an account of the family of Brocas, of +Beaurepaire, in the county of Hampshire, that the post of Master of the +Buckhounds had been sold in the reign of James I. + +Mr. Gough (_Sepulchral Monuments_, pp. 160, 161.) appears to be the +authority quoted who describes the monument of Sir Bernard Brocas, Kt., +as existing at Westminster, and having on it an inscription in which is +the following sentence: + + "Sir Bernard succeeded to the paternal inheritance both in England + and France, and having married Mary, daughter and heiress of Sir + John de Roche, had a large estate with her, and the hereditary + post of Master of the Buckhounds; which was confirmed to him by + King Edward the Third, and held by the family, till sold in James + the First's reign." + +I have no means of ascertaining at the present time whether this +monument is still in existence or not; nor indeed has that much to do +with the object of my writing, which is to suggest the following +Queries, in the hope that some of your correspondents may be able to +send satisfactory answers. + +1. By whom was the post of Master of the Buckhounds first instituted, +and who was the first Master? + +2. Is there any list of persons holding this office; and if so, where +may it be seen? + +3. Is there any instance of an unmarried lady having held it: for in the +case before us we see that a lady was able to convey it by inheritance +to her husband? + +4. By whom was it sold? Was it by the last hereditary possessor; and if +so, what was his name? Or was it by the king, on the death of one of the +possessors, for the purpose of enriching himself? + +5. Is it known whether there is any other instance of its having been +sold: and when did it come to be, as now, a ministerial office? + + JOHN BRANFILL HARRISON. + + Maidstone. + + +Minor Queries. + +300. "_No Cross no Crown._"--Where did Penn get the title of his +well-known work? St. Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in allusion to the custom +of crowning crosses, has these lines:-- + + "Cerne coronatam Domini super _atria Christi_, + Stare crucem, duro spondentem celsa labori + Praemia: _tolle crucem, qui vis auferre coronam_." + + "See how the cross of Christ a crown entwines: + High o'er God's temple it refulgent shines; + Pledging bright guerdon for each passing pain: + Take up the cross, if thou the crown would'st gain." + +Vide Dr. Rock's _Hierurgia_. Quarles says, in his _Esther_: + + "The way to bliss lies not on beds of down, + And he that had no cross deserves no crown." + + MARICONDA. + +301. _Dido and AEneas._-- + + "When Dido found AEneas did not come, + She wept in silence, and was--di-do-dum." + +Who was the author of the above well-known bit of philology? + + A. A. D. + +302. _Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the Athenians._--Dr. +Schmitz (in Smith's _Antiq._, article SHIPS) speaks of "the pegs, +[Greek: skalmoi], _between which the oars move[d]_, and to which they +were fastened by a thong, [Greek: tropoter]." What is the authority for +two pegs, _between which_, &c? A single peg and thong, as still in +frequent use, would be intelligible! + +Dr. Smith observes (ap. id. p. 1139.) that the decree of Scamandrius, +which ordained that no free Athenian should be tortured, "does not +appear to have interdicted torture as a means of execution, _since_ we +find Demosthenes (_de Cor._ 271.) reminding the judges that they had put +Antiphon to death by the rack." Does it not escape him that Antiphon was +_then an alien_, having suffered expulsion from the Lexiarchic list. +(See Dem. _l.c._) + + A. A. D. + +303. _French Refugees._--Where is the treaty or act of parliament to be +found which guaranteed compensation to the French refugees at the end of +the war? Is it possible to obtain a list of those who received +compensation, and the amount paid; and if so, where? + + S. QUARTO. + +304. _Isabel, Queen of the Isle of Man._--In Charles Knight's _London_ +mention is made, amongst the noble persons buried in the church of the +Grey Friars, of Isabel, wife of Baron Fitzwarren, sometime queen of the +Isle of Man. Will you or some of your correspondents be so kind as to +tell me who this lady was, and when the Isle of Man ceased to be an +independent kingdom? + + FANNY. + +305. _Grand-daughter of John Hampden._--According to the _Friend of +India_ of 4th September, 1851, there is at Cossimbazar the following +inscription:-- + + "SARAH MATTOCKS, + Aged 27. + Much lamented by her husband, + Lieutenant-Colonel JOHN MATTOCKS. + Was the grand-daughter of the + Great JOHN HAMDEN, Esq., + Of St. James's, Westminster." + +In the following number (dated 11th September, 1851), the editor offers +an apology for having omitted the date of the decease of Mrs. Mattocks, +viz. 1778; and then remarks that-- + + "As she was twenty-seven years old at her death, she must have + been born in 1751; it was therefore impossible that she should + have been the grand-daughter of the great John Hampden, that died + in 1643, one hundred and eight years before her birth." + +Query, Can any of your correspondents give me any information respecting +the subject? + + SALOPIAN. + +306. _Cicada or Tettigonia Septemdecim._--In Latrobe's _Rambler in North +America_, London, 1835, vol. ii. p. 290., is a curious account of this +insect, which visits Pennsylvania every seventeenth year, and appears +about May 24. It is under an inch in length when it first appears early +in the morning, and gains its strength after the sun has risen. These +insects live ten or fifteen days, and never seem to eat any food. They +come in swarms, and birds, pigs, and poultry fatten on them. The female +lays her eggs in the outermost twigs of the forest; these die and drop +on the ground. The eggs give birth to a number of small grubs, which are +thus enabled to attain the mould without injury, and in it they +disappear; they are forgotten till seventeen years pass, and then the +memory of them returns, and they rise from the earth, piercing their way +through the matted sod, the hard trampled clay, &c. They appeared in +1749, &c., to 1834, and are expected in 1851. Has this expectation been +fulfilled? + + C. I. R. + +307. _The British Sidanen._--Under this title (the proper spelling in +which should be _Sina_ or _Senena_) an article appears in Vol. iv., p. +120., comprising a portion of the genealogy of the Welsh princess, in +which three of her sons are mentioned, viz., Owen, Llewellyn, and David. +But there was a _fourth_ son, Roderic, who settled in England, and +appears to have been residing there for some time, when the fatal +rupture occurred between the two countries. It would appear that +descendants of his have lived, and are living in our own times; among +them, the late Dr. John Mawer, of Middleton Tyas, whose remarkable +epitaph was given in a former number of "NOTES AND QUERIES." My first +inquiry is, Is there known to exist any genealogy assuming to extend +between the Rev. and learned gentleman just named and Prince Roderic? I +am told there was one published in the _British Peerage for 1706_, at +which time John Mawer would be three years of age; is such the fact? I +wish also to ask, whether Prince _Owen_ was in existence at the time of +the deaths of Llewellyn and David--whether in Wales or England? and +whether he was the ancestor of Owen Tudor, the proud father of Henry +VII.; and, if not, who _was_ Owen Tudor's ancestor? + + AMANUENSIS. + +308. _Jenings or Jennings._--Was the late Mr. Jenings of Acton Hall, +Suffolk, descended from the family of Jenings, formerly of Silsden, +Skipton in Craven, and afterwards of Ripon, Yorkshire; and if so, where +can information as to the pedigree be obtained? + + A. B. C. + + Brighton. + +309. _Caleva Atrebatum, Site of._--May not the site of Caleva Atrebatum +have been at Caversham, on the north of the Thames, near Reading? + +The distance of Caleva from Londinium was forty-four Roman miles, making +forty English; and from Venta Belgarum, thirty-six Roman or thirty-three +English miles. + +Caleva, according to Ptolemy's map, was on the north of the Thames; a +portion of the present Oxfordshire being in the country assigned by the +same geographer to the Atrebates. + + G. J. + +310. _Abigail._--Whence, or when, originated the application of +_Abigail_, as applied to a lady's maid? It is used by Dean Swift in this +sense; but in a way that shows that it was no new phrase in those days. + + J. S. WARDEN. + + Balica. + +311. _Etymology of Durden._--Jacob, in his _Law Dictionary_, giving +Cowel as his authority (who, however, advances no further elucidation), +derives the word from _dur-den_, a coppice in a valley. Does the word +_dur_ signify wood, or, if the British _dwr_, is it not water? + + F. R. R. + +312. _Connecticut Halfpenny._--I have a halfpenny, apparently American, +bearing on the obverse, a head to the right, and "Auctori Connect.;" and +on the reverse, "Inde." for _independence_, and "Lib." for liberty; date +in the exerg., 1781 or 1787; and between "Inde." and "Lib." five stars. +Can any of your correspondents tell me if my explanation of the reverse +is the correct one? and also who was the "_Auctori Connect._," or +founder of the state of Connecticut? + + J. N. C. + + King's Lynn. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Arms displayed on Spread Eagle._--For what reason are the arms of +Methwen (and some others, I believe) placed on the breast of a +two-headed eagle displayed sable? + + H. N. E. + + [When armorial ensigns are borne upon the breast of an eagle, the + general inference is that the bearers thereof are Counts of the + Holy Roman Empire, it being the practice in Germany for Counts of + the Empire so to display the eagle. + + There are some cases in which especial grants have been made to + Englishmen so to do, as in the case of the family of _Methwen_; + and persons having received the royal licence in England to accept + the dignity of Count of the Empire, so carry their arms, as in the + cases of Earl Cowper, Lord Arundel of Wardour, St. Paul, &c.] + +_St. Beuno._--Where can I obtain any information respecting St. Beuno, +to whom I find several churches dedicated in Wales? + + J. D. D. + + [In Rees's _Essay on the Welsh Saints_, p. 268., and Williams's + _Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_, p. 137. The college of + Beuno is now called Clynog Vawr. See also _The Cambro-Briton_, + vol. iii. p. 14.] + +_Lists of Knights Bachelor._--What publication contains a list of the +_knights bachelor_ made by George I. and George II. (1714-1760)? With +regard to the subsequent reign I have found the _Calendar of Knights_, +by Francis Townsend, London, 1828, very accurate and perfect. + + ==> N. + + [There is not any continuous list of _Knights Bachelors_ in any + published works since Philpot's _Catalogue_, 1660, until + Townsend's _Calendar_, which commences in 1760. The knights made + by Kings George I. and II. will be found only in some of the + genealogical publications of the day, such as the _British + Compendium_, published at intervals between 1720 and 1769; + Chamberlayne's _State of Great Britain_; or Heylin's _Help to + English History_, or Phillipps's _List of Nobility_, and similar + works. + + Mr Townsend contemplated the publication of a list, and left an + imperfect MS., which passed into the hands of Sir Thomas + Phillipps, who printed it; but though privately circulated, it was + never published. See Moule's _Bibliotheca Heraldica_ for various + works of the character referred to.] + +_Walker._--An American lady lecturing on Bloomerism last week was much +puzzled by the audience bursting into roars of laughter upon her +quoting Professor Walker as an authority for some statement. The roars +redoubled upon her declaring her belief that Professor Walker was a most +respectable and trustworthy person. Can any one explain the origin of +the joke that lies in the name "Walker?" Why do people say "Walker" when +they wish to express ridicule or disbelief of a questionable statement? + + DAVUS. + + [The history of the renowned "Hookey Walker," as related by John + Bee, Esq., is simply this:--John Walker was an out-door clerk at + Longman, Clementi, and Co.'s in Cheapside, where a great number of + persons were employed; and "Old Jack," who had a crooked or hooked + nose, occupied the post of a spy upon their aberrations, which + were manifold. Of course, it was for the interests of the + surveillants to throw discredit upon all Jack's reports to the + heads of the firm; and numbers could attest that those reports + were fabrications, however true. Jack, somehow or other, was + constantly outvoted, his evidence superseded, and of course + disbelieved; and thus his occupation ceased, but not the fame of + "Hookey Walker."] + +_See of Durham._--Can any of your readers inform me of "The privileges +of, and the ancient customs appertaining to, the See of Durham?" + + H. F. + + Clapham, Nov. 3. 1851. + + [These relate most probably to the palatine rights of the Bishops + of Durham, granted by Egfrid, King of Northumbria, in 685; when he + gave to St. Cuthbert all the land between the Wear and the Tyne, + called "the patrimony of St. Cuthbert," to hold in as full and + ample a manner as the king himself holds the same. This donative, + with its ancient customs and privileges, was confirmed by the + Danes, and afterwards by William the Conqueror; in addition to + which, the latter made the church a sanctuary, and the county a + palatinate. Its bishop was invested with as great a power and + prerogative within his see, as the king exercised without the + bounds of it, with regard to forfeitures, &c. Thus it was a kind + of royalty subordinate to the crown, and, by way of eminence, was + called _The Bishoprick_. For an account of the ancient customs + connected with the cathedral, our correspondent is referred to the + curious and interesting work of Davies of Kidwelly, entitled, _The + Ancient Rites and Monuments of the Monastical and Cathedral Church + of Durham_, 12mo. 1672, which has been republished by the Surtees + Society.] + + + + +Replies. + +CONVOCATION OF YORK. + +(Vol. iv., p. 368.) + +This body (of which I am a member) ought to meet on the same occasions +with that of Canterbury; but owing to the neglect or the wilfulness of +its officials, many omissions and mistakes occur. I have heard a +commission to _further_ adjourn the Convocation, from a day to which it +previously stood adjourned, read the day _after_ that on which it ought +to have assembled, but which day had arrived and passed without any one +recollecting the fact! Our Convocation appears at no time to have acted +a very prominent part, though its constitution is far better fitted for +a working synod than that of the southern province. In the latter the +_parochial_ clergy are so inadequately represented as to be much +outnumbered by the _dignitaries_ appointed by the crown and the bishops; +but in York there are _two_ proctors chosen by the clergy of _each_ +archdeaconry and peculiar jurisdiction, and _two_ by each cathedral +chapter; thus affording a complete counterpoise to the deans and +archdeacons who are members _ex officio_. Another peculiarity in the +Convocation of York is, that it assembles in _one_ house, the bishops +commonly appearing by their proxies (priests), and the archbishop +presiding by his commissioner, who is always the dean, or one of the +residentiary canons of York. + +In 1462 (_temp._ Archbishop Booth) the Convocation of York decreed that +such constitutions of the province of Canterbury as were not prejudicial +to those of York should be received, incorporated, and deemed as their +own (Wilkins's _Concilia_, vol. iii. p. 580.). Under Archbishop +Grenefeld it was decreed that since the Archbishop of York hath no +superior in spirituals except the Pope, no appeals should be suffered to +the Archbishop of Canterbury (p. 663.). At an earlier period the +northern metropolitan laid claim to all England north of the Humber, +with the whole realm of Scotland (Wilkins, vol. i. pp. 325, 479, &c.). +In a provincial council at London, A.D. 1175, his jurisdiction was +denied over the sees of Lincoln, _Chester_, Worcester, and Hereford, +upon which he appealed to the Pope. With the exception of Chester, +however, none of these sees were finally retained in the province. + +The next year we are told that, in a (national) council at Westminster, +the Pope's legate presiding, the Archbishop of York, "disdaining to sit +at the left hand of the legate, forced himself into the lap of the +Archbishop of Canterbury, but was immediately _knocked down_ by the +other bishops and clergy, severely beaten, and thrust out of the +council!" (Hoveden ap. Wilkins, vol. i. p. 485.) How far the Northern +Convocation supported their burly prelate in these claims I do not know; +but I _note_ that in those days the disorderly conduct of the clergy was +_not_ made a pretext for the indefinite suspension of synodical +functions; and I _query_ whether the clergy might not be trusted to +behave quite as well in the nineteenth century. + +But to return to the Convocation of York. There is a curious letter, +A.D. 1661, from Accepted Frewen, Archbishop of York, to the Convocation, +desiring them to send up to London some of their members duly +commissioned on their part to sit with the Lower House of Canterbury +for the review of the Liturgy. In this letter the archbishop says that +himself and the other bishops of the province were sitting _with the +bishops of the southern province in their House_. A similar expedient +for constituting a _quasi_-national synod seems to have been resorted to +upon some earlier occasions; but the Convocation of York still passed in +due form by their own separate decree what was so agreed upon. The +Articles were thus subscribed by our Convocation in 1571, and the Canons +in 1604 and 1640. + +Since then the Convocation of York has been regularly summoned, met, +adjourned, and been prorogued, without even the dutiful address to the +crown, which is regularly discussed and adopted in Canterbury. In the +year 1847, a spasmodic attempt at life was manifested in this venerable +and ill-used institution. Archbishop Harcourt had consented that an +address to the crown should be adopted, and himself procured a draft to +be approved by the bishops. His grace however died before the day of +meeting. Some difficulty was experienced by the officials, both in York +and London, as to the course to be pursued; but a precedent having been +pointed out in the reign of James I., when Archbishop Hutton died after +summoning the Convocation and before its assembly, a writ was issued +from the crown to the dean and chapter at York to elect a _praeses_ for +the Convocation during the vacancy of the archbishoprick. They appointed +the canon who happened to be in residence; an unusually large attendance +was given; the Convocation was opened, the names called over, and then +the officials had reached the limit of their experience; according to +_their_ precedents we ought all to have been sent away. The address +however was called on by the _praeses_, being apparently quite unaware +that a _prolocutor_ should be chosen by the clergy before they proceeded +to business. Such an officer probably seemed to the dignitary already in +the chair like a _second King of Brentford_ "smelling at one rose," and +the demand was refused. Further difficulties ensued, of course, the +moment the debate was opened; and finally, the _praeses_, determined not +to be tempted out of his depth, rose all at once, and read the fatal +_formula_ which restored our glorious Chapter House to its silent +converse with the ghosts. The Convocation has never since been heard of. + + CAN EBOR. + + +THE OLD COUNTESS OF DESMOND. + +(Vol. iv., p. 305.) + +If your correspondent A. B. R. will refer to Walpole's _Fugitive Pieces_ +he will find a minute inquiry into the person and age of this long-lived +lady. This is doubtless the dissertation alluded to by C. (Vol. ii., p. +219.) Pennant has _two_ notices of the countess in his Scotch tours. In +that of 1769 (which somewhat strangely follows the one of 1772), he +gives at p. 87. the engraving spoken of (Vol. iv., p. 306.), apparently +taken from the original at Dupplin Castle. It differs a little from R.'s +description of another portrait, as the cloak is strapped over the +chest, not held by a button. In 1772 Pennant again describes this +portrait in his _Tour in Scotland_, vol. ii. p. 88., and speaks of four +others, viz., first, at Devonshire House; second, at the Hon. John +Yorke's seat, near Cheltenham; third, at Mr. Scott's, printer; and the +fourth, in the Standard Closet, Windsor Castle. At the back of the last +is written with a pen "Rembrandt." "A mistake (says P.) as Rembrandt was +not fourteen years of age (he was indeed only eight) in 1614, at which +time it is certain the countess was not living." + +In my copy of the _Fugitive Pieces_ (the Strawberry Hill edition, +presented by Walpole to Cole), I find the following manuscript note by +Cole; _an amplification of the_ passage from Walpole's letters quoted at +p. 306.:-- + + "Being at Strawberry Hill in April, 1773, I saw there a copy of + the picture commonly attributed to the old Countess of Desmond; + but Mr. Walpole told me that there is sufficient proof that it is + a painter's mother, I think Rembrandt's. However, by a letter from + Mr. Lort, April 15, 1774, he assures me that on Mr. Pennant's + calling at Strawberry Hill to see this picture, he was much + chagrined at having a print of it engraved for his book, till Mr. + Lort revived him by carrying him to a garret in Devonshire House, + where was a picture of this same countess with her name on it, + exactly corresponding to his engraved print. I remember a + tolerable good old picture of her at Mr. Dicey's, prebendary of + Bristol, at Walton in Bucks." + +Walpole could not dismiss Pennant without a disparaging remark. He is "a +superficial man, and knows little of history or antiquity; but he has a +violent rage for being an author." Those who live in glass houses should +not throw stones: Pennant would not have displayed the ignorance which +Walpole exhibits in the instance before us. In an inscription, which the +latter gives, on a Countess of Desmond buried at Sligo, occurs the +following contraction: "Desmoniae _Noie_ Elizabetha." Walpole says +(_Fugitive Pieces_, p. 204.), "This word I can make no sense of, but +_sic originale_; I take it to be redundancy of the carver. It seems to +be a repetition of the last three syllables of Desmoniae!" + +The sarcastic observations which Walpole passes on the Society of +Antiquaries, its members, and its publications, are so frequent and so +bitter, that they must have been founded on some offence not to be +pardoned. Were the remarks on the "Historic Doubts" by the president, +Dean Milles, and by the Rev. Robert Masters (printed in the first two +volumes of the _Archaeologia_), regarded as satisfactorily confuting +Walpole's arguments; or did he aim, but unsuccessfully, at the +president's chair? + + J. H. M. + + Bath. + + +COINS OF VABALATHUS. + +(Vol. iv., p. 255.) + +There have been many attempts to explain the puzzling VCRIMDR, on the +supposition that a Latin sentence was concealed under these letters. +Pinkerton suggested "Voluntate Caesaris Romani Imperatoris Maximi Domini, +Rex." I hope to offer a better solution, which, although not new, has +been passed over, I believe, by all subsequent writers. The Rev. George +North, in the _Museum Meadianum_, p. 97., gives the following note: +"Apud Arabes accepi verbum Karama significare Honoravit, a quo Ucrima, +et Ucrim; quo sensu respondet hoc Arabicum [Greek: To Sebasto] apud +Graecos." On applying to a well-known scholar and linguist here, I found +that from the verb _Karama_ there was derived the adjective _Kar[=i]mat_ +(nobilis), from which again the superlative _Akram_ comes. There can, I +think, be little doubt that the word VCRIMDR is originally derived from +this verb _Karama_, and that it is most probably equivalent to +_Nobilissimus_, a title so common shortly afterwards, as applied to the +heirs to the empire.[3] + + [Footnote 3: "_Nobilissimus_, in the Byzantine historians, is + synonymous with Caesar."--_Niebuhr._] + +The word [Greek: SROIAS] or [Greek: SRIAS], which appears on the +Alexandrian coins of this prince, is of more difficult explanation. Some +think it a praenomen, some a Syriac or other Eastern title, perhaps +corresponding to VCRIMDR. Pellerin thought so. I hope some Oriental +scholar will direct his attention to this point. These coins are very +often ill struck, so that the part of the legend below the head, where +the word in question is found, is indistinct, for which reason I suppose +MR. TAYLOR has followed the erroneous reading of Banduri, [Greek: +HERMIAS] (properly [Greek: HERMIAS], with lunate epsilon) for [Greek: +SROIAS], which has been corrected by Eckhel. Of three specimens which I +possess, one only reads clearly [Greek: SROIAS], from the +above-mentioned cause, but it is unquestionably the correct reading on +all. The best arrangement of the legend, from analogy with those forms +used by the Romans, is as follows: + + [Greek: AUTokrator . SROIAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATHENOdorou . Huios.] + +The existence of coins, of which I possess a specimen also, reading + + [Greek: A . SRIAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATHEN . U.] + +shows that we must not read [Greek: ATHENOU] as one word, but must +divide it as above. I think MR. TAYLOR will find his specimen to read as +the last-mentioned coin, the [Greek: ER] (properly [Greek: ER]) being +[Greek: SR], and the [Greek: AU] in like manner [Greek: AS]. My coin +gives the whole legend distinctly, and I can vouch for the exactitude of +the above legend. + +I believe there appeared some years ago, in the _Revue de Numismatique_, +an article on the coins of the Zenobian family, but I do not remember +when it was published, nor the conclusions to which the writer came. +That is, however, the most recent investigation of the subject, and to +it I must refer MR. TAYLOR, as I have not access to that periodical +here. + +Sir Gardner Wilkinson has published in the _Numismatic Chronicle_, vol. +vii. or viii., an inscription containing the names of Zenobia and +Vabalathus. After the name of Vabalathus, who has the title of +Autocrator, is the word [Greek: ATHENODOROU], which justifies the +reading [Greek: Athenodorou Huios] on the coins. Vabalathus is thus +probably the son of Zenobia by a former husband, Athenodorus, while +bearing himself the same name, as Vabalathus (better Vaballathus, as on +the Alexandrian coins) is said to be equivalent to Athenodorus, Gift of +Pallas. + + W. H. S. + + Edinburgh. + + +MARRIAGE OF ECCLESIASTICS. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 57, 125, 193, 196, 298.) + +I entirely agree with you that your pages are not a fit battle-ground +for theological controversy. Still, since the question of the +translation of Heb. xiii. 4. has been mooted, I beg with much deference +to suggest that it will not be quite right to let it fall to the ground +unsettled, especially since CEPHAS has thought fit to charge those of +our Reformers who translated the Scriptures with mistranslating +advisedly, and with propagating new doctrines. + +CEPHAS'S version of the passage is right, and our English version is +wrong; but the fault lies in the ignorance of our translators, an +ignorance which they shared with all the scholars of their day, and many +not bad scholars of our own, of the effect produced on the force of the +article by the relation in which it stands to the other words in the +clause, in point of order. [Greek: ho timios gamos] is "the honourable +marriage;" [Greek: ho timios gamos esti] is "the honourable marriage +is;" [Greek: ho gamos timios] is untranslateable, unless you supply +[Greek: esti], and then it means "the marriage" (or, marriage in +general, in the abstract) "is honourable." But [Greek: esto] might be +supplied, as it is in Heb. xiii. 4., when it will mean, "let marriage be +honourable:" and [Greek: timios ho gamos] has just the same meaning, +with perhaps this difference, that the emphasis falls more distinctly on +[Greek: timios]. The circumstance that the mere assertion that marriage +is honourable in all (men or things), true as it is in itself, ill +accords with the tenor of the passage of which it forms a part, which is +hortatory, not assertive, is a good reason why CEPHAS'S version should +be preferred. But when we find afterwards the words [Greek: kai he koite +amiantos], it is impossible to deny this hortatory force to the +sentence; for those words cannot mean "the undefiled bed:" and to +translate them "the (or their) bed is undefiled"--which is the only +version which they will here bear, but one--would give but a feeble +sense. That sole remaining sense is, "the bed (let it) be undefiled;" +subaudite [Greek: esto] in the verse is, "Let marriage be honourable in +all" (men or things), "and the bed be undefiled; but (or for) +whoremongers and adulterers God will judge." Had our translators known +that [Greek: he koite amiantos] could not mean "the bed undefiled," they +would at once have been driven to see that the verse is a commandment: +and the commandment that marriage should be held honourable in all men +(or in all respects), would have served the purpose of their doctrines +quite as well as the affirmative form which they have given to their +present version. I say, it would have served their purpose; but I say +more: they heeded not what did or would serve their purpose. They looked +only for the truth and disregarded all else in their pursuit of it. With +regard to the controversy about [Greek: en pasi], it is immaterial which +version be adopted. MR. WALTER is right in the rule which he enunciates, +if he means that in those cases of adjectives in which the masculine and +neuter forms are the same, "man" or "men," not "thing" or "things," must +be understood: but it is not always observed, even in classical writers, +either in Latin or in Greek. There is no reason why it should be broken +here; and I do not believe it is broken. It must have been only by a +slip of CEPHAS'S pen that he called [Greek: pasi] a feminine adjective. +It undoubtedly refers to both sexes. I wish E. A. D. had given the Greek +of the passages from Chrysostom and Augustine, of which he has +communicated the Oxford translation, which is as likely to err, perhaps, +as any other. Jerome's Latin, like the Vulgate, though the words are not +precisely the same, gives a literal version of the Greek, without +supplying any verb at all, either _est_ or _sit_, and, since the Latin +has not that expressive power in cases like this which the article gives +to the Greek, leaves the passage obscure and undecided. + + THEOPHYLACT. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_"Crowns have their Compass," &c._ (Vol. iv., p. 294.).--The lines +alluded to by your correspondent MR. ABSALON form a inscription on a +portrait of King James I. in the Cracherode Collection. (Vide Beloe's +_Anecdotes_, vol. i. p. 210.) + + "Crownes have their compasse, length of dayes their date, + Triumphes their tombes, felicitie her fate; + Of more than earth can earth make none partaker, + But knowledge makes the king most like his Maker." + +I am aware that this reference does not go to the "root of the matter," +if MR. ABSALON wishes to ascertain the author's name; but it may serve +as a clue to further discovery. + + MARGARET GATTY. + + Ecclesfield. + +It is quite obvious what lines your correspondent alludes to, though the +above quotation which he gives as the commencement of them is not quite +correct, nor were they written with the object he supposes. + +I send a correct copy of them below, taken from Mr. Payne Collier's very +interesting _Life of Shakspeare_, to whom they have always been +attributed; and, it is said, with every show of reason. It is supposed +they were written by him in the shape of a complimentary allusion to +King James I., in grateful acknowledgment of the patronage bestowed by +that monarch upon the stage. The subject is fully discussed at pp. 202, +203. of Mr. Knight's volume, whence, indeed, the above information is +derived; and he publishes the lines, as follows, stating then to be +copied from a coeval manuscript in his possession:-- + + "SHAKSPEARE ON THE KING. + + "Crowns have their compass--length of days their date-- + Triumphs their tomb--felicity, her fate-- + Of nought but earth can earth make us partaker, + But knowledge makes a king most like his Maker." + +Some one, to make the allusion more complete, that is, to over-do it, +changed "_a_ king" into "_the_ king" in a subsequent publication of the +lines. But this, as Mr. Payne Collier very justly feels, completely +spoils the whole complexion of the epigram, and perverts a fine allusion +into a raw personality. + + J. J. A. + +_The Rev. Richard Farmer_ (Vol. iv., pp. 379.[4] 407.).--The +observations of BOLTON CORNEY upon my incidental mention of Dr. Farmer, +are, I think, wholly unwarranted, both in substance and manner, +especially as he himself furnishes ample confirmation of its truth. + + [Footnote 4: At page 379., second column, fifth line from bottom, + for "thrice" read "twice."] + +Taking his quotations in due order-- + +1. The certificate of Dr. Farmer's character for learning and ability is +unnecessary, because neither was impugned; nor does an allegation of +atrocity in taste and judgment necessarily imply deficiency in mere +book-learning. + +2. As for Isaac Reed's opinion in favour of Farmer's Essay, it might be +met by many of directly opposite tendency, and of at least equal weight. + +3. In the only point really in question, BOLTON CORNEY "cannot deny that +Farmer related the anecdote of the _wool-man_" (that being the reputed +trade of Shakspeare's father); but to what end was it related, if not +to suggest an application of which Steevens was only the interpreter? + +But BOLTON CORNEY thinks the character of the witness suspicious; he +forgets that only just before he had stated that the anecdote and its +application had been repeated in three editions, extending over thirteen +years, all within the lifetime of Dr. Farmer! + + A. E. B. + + Leeds. + +_Earwig_ (Vol. iv., pp. 274. 411.).--The correspondent who asserts the +_curious fact_ that Johnson, Richardson, and Webster do not notice the +word _earwig_ must have consulted some expurgated editions of the works +of those celebrated lexicographers--or else we must consider his +assertion as a _curious fact_ in the history of literary oversights. + + BOLTON CORNEY. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC. + +Although there are few books which have proved of greater utility to +inquirers into the more recent history of England than Beatson's +_Political Index_, yet it is also true that there are few which have +more frequently or more justly caused the reader to feel the want of a +new and improved edition. A very short examination, however, of Mr. +Haydn's recently published Beatson's _Political Index Modernised, The +Book of Dignities, containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the +British Empire, Civil, Ecclesiastical, Judicial, Military, Naval, and +Municipal, &c._, will satisfy the reader that such want has at length +been supplied in a manner the most ample and the most satisfactory. For +though we have referred to Beatson's well-known work for the purpose of +furnishing a better idea of the _Book of Dignities_, we are bound to +acknowledge that Mr. Haydn is justified in stating, that in the work in +question he owes little more than the plan to Beatson. Mr. Haydn's +volume not only contains many lists (among them the "Administrations of +England, and the Judges of the Ecclesiastical Courts") not to be found +in the _Political Index_, but the author has had the advantage of being +permitted to search the various official records with the view of +enabling him to give complete and accurate information. The result, of +course, is obvious; namely, that just in the same proportion that our +author surpasses Beatson in the extent and accuracy of his various +lists, does the _Book of Dignities_ exceed its predecessor in usefulness +to the official man, the historian, and the scholar. + +Mr. Hunt's experience as a public lecturer at the various literary and +scientific institutions of the country, having convinced him that for +the majority of the members of those institutions most of the existing +works on natural philosophy are of too abstruse and technical a +character--are, in short, sealed books,--he has been led to publish a +small volume which we have no doubt will soon become extremely popular. +It is entitled _Elementary Physics, an Introduction to the Study of +Natural Philosophy_; and, as its object is to teach physical science so +far as to render all the great deductions from observation and +experiment satisfactorily clear, without encountering the difficulty of +mathematics,--and no one is better able to do this, and throw a charm +over such a subject, than the author of the _Poetry of Science_,--the +work, which is illustrated with upwards of two hundred woodcuts, will be +found eminently useful; not only to those who have neither time nor +opportunity to carry their studies beyond its pages, but especially as a +"first book" to those in whom it may awaken the desire for a more +perfect knowledge of the beautiful and important truths of which it +treats. + +The nature of the _Hand Atlas of Physical Geography, consisting of a +Series of Maps and Illustrations, showing the Geographical Distribution +of Natural Phenomena, embracing the Divisions of Geology, Hydrography, +Meteorology, Natural History: from the Physikalischer Atlas of Berghaus, +and the Maps of the Erdkunde, drawn by and under the immediate +Superintendence of Drs. Ritter and Kiepert, Oetzel, Grimm, &c., by the +Editor of the University Atlas of the Middle Ages_, is sufficiently +described by its ample title-page; which shows, moreover, that the work +is not a mere copy or reduction of the great atlas of Berghaus, on which +it is founded. As a companion to the works of Humboldt, Mrs. Somerville, +and other writers on physical geography, it will be found most useful; +while its convenient size, and moderate price, place it within the reach +of almost all classes of readers. + +CATALOGUES RECEIVED.--Nattali and Bond's (23. Bedford Street) Catalogue +Part II. of Ancient and Modern Books; Adam Holden's (60. High Street, +Exeter) Catalogue Part XXXIII. of Second-hand Books in Excellent +Condition; B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue +No. 37. of Books in Oriental Literature; J. Russell Smith's (4. 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JOHNSON. 1805. + + [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, + _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND + QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +J. NORTH _will find his Query respecting the_ Zollverein _answered in +our_ 3rd Vol. p. 451. _His others shall appear shortly._ + +LOVELACE'S POEMS. D. H. M. C. _is informed that these were reprinted in +1817, under the editorship of our valued correspondent_ MR. SINGER. + +J. RAYNER, _who asks for names of present reigning sovereigns, of +presidents of the United States for the last thirty years, and of the +governors-general of India, is referred to Mr. Haydn's_ Book of +Dignities _(noticed in our present number), where he will find all the +information of which he is in search._ + +W. S. W. _Many thanks for your kind reminder. The article is in type, +although omitted this week from want of room._ + +J. S. B. _is thanked. 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Phillip Killand, M.A., Professor of + Mathematics, University of Edinburgh; Rev. John Fleming, D.D., + Professor of Natural Science, New College, Edinburgh; Rev. Thomas + Luby, Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin; James Thomson, + LL.D., Professor of Mathematics, University of Glasgow. + + BLACKIE & SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street, + Edinburgh; and Warwick Square, London. + + +Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9_s._; Morocco elegant, 11_s._ + + BOOK OF SCOTTISH SONG; a Collection of the Best and most approved + Songs of Scotland, Ancient and Modern; with Critical and + Historical Notices regarding them and their Authors, and an Essay + on Scottish Song. With engraved Frontispiece and Title. + + "The neatest and most comprehensive collection of Scottish + minstrelsy, ancient and modern."--_Edinburgh Advertiser._ + + Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9_s._; Morocco elegant, + 11_s._ + + BOOK OF SCOTTISH BALLADS; a Comprehensive Collection of the + Ballads of Scotland, with numerous Illustrative Notes, by the + Editor of "The Book of Scottish Song." With engraved Frontispiece + and Title. + + "A rich and valuable collection--accompanied by critical and + bibliographical illustrations which add largely to the interest of + the volume."--_John Bull._ + + BLACKIE & SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street, + Edinburgh; and Warwick Square, London. + + +Vols. I. and II. now ready. + + Elegantly bound in ultramarine cloth, gilt edges, price 6_s._ each. + + GIRLHOOD OF SHAKSPEARE'S HEROINES. A Series of Fifteen Tales. By + MARY COWDEN CLARKE. Periodically, in One Shilling Books each + containing a complete Story. + + Vol. I. 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HIGH HOLBORN. + + =Ashmole's= Institution, Laws, and Ceremonies of the Order of the + Garter, fine plates by Hollar, with an Autograph Letter of Ashmole + inserted, folio, neat. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1672. + + =Anderson's= Royal Genealogies, best edition, folio, neat. 2_l._ + 1736. + + =Banks's= Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England, with + Supplement, 4 vols. 4to. hf. bd. calf. 1_l._ 16_s._ 1807-37. + + ---- Baronia Anglica Concentrata; or, An Account of Baronies in + Fee, with the Proofs of Parliamentary Sitting from the Reign of + Edward I., 2 vols. 4to. 1_l._ 1_s._ 1844. + + =Bracton= De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, best edition, + folio, very neat. 2_l._ 2_s._ 1569. + + =Britton's= Cathedral Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates, + large paper, 6 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. uncut. 15_l._ 15_s._ + 1814-36. + + ---- Architectural= Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates, + large paper, 4 vols. royal 4to. russia extra. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1807-14. + + =Berry's= Encyclopaedia of Heraldry, plates, 3 vols. 4to. cf. gt. + 3_l._ 3_s._ 1820. + + =Bibliotheca= Topographica Britannica (Nichols's) a Collection of + Topographical, Antiquarian, and Biographical Tracts, 8 thick vols. + 4to. boards, very scarce 14_l._ 14_s._ 1780-90. + + =Collectanea= Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols. royal 8vo. + 5_l._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1834-43. + + =Carte's History of the Life of James Duke of Ormonde, 1610-88, 3 + vols. folio, very neat. 3_l._ 15_s._ 1735-6. + + =Chronicles= of England and France, by Froissart and Monstrelet, + translated by JOHNES, with the Memoirs of Froissart and John Lord + de Joinville, plates, 9 vols. royal 4to. fine set, russia extra. + 12_l._ 12_s._ 1803-10. + + =Devonshire.=--Oliver's Monasticon Diocesis Exoniensis, fine + plates, folio, calf extra. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1846. + + =Domesday= Book, with the Introduction and Indexes, also the + Supplements, 4 vols. folio, new, hf. bd. calf. 7_l._ 10_s._ + 1783-1816. + + =Dibdin's= Bibliographical, Antiquarian, and Picturesque Tour in + France and Germany, fine plates, best edition, 3 vols. royal 8vo. + russia extra. 6_l._ 10_s._ 1821. + + =Drummond's= Histories of Noble British Families, numerous fine + Plates, some in colours. 2 vols. royal folio, hf. bd. morocco. + 21_l._ 1846. + + =Dugdale's= History of the Imbanking and Draining of Fens, &c., + plates, folio, very neat. 2_l._ 1772. + + =Dumont= et Rousset, Corps Universel Diplomatique du Droit des + Gens, ou Recueil de Traites de Paix, de Treve, &c. &c. 30 vols. + large paper, folio, fine copy, calf. 10_l._ 10_s._ 1726-39. + + =Essex.=--Morant's History of the County, plates, best edition, 2 + vols. folio, uncut. 6_l._ 6_s._ 1768. + + =Fenn's= Original Letters of the Paston Family, written during the + reigns of Henry VI., Edw. IV., &c., 5 vols. 4to. fine copy in + russia, very scarce. 6_l._ 16_s._ 6_d._ 1787-1823. + + =Fosbrooke's= Encyclopaedia of Antiquities, with the Foreign + Topography, plates, best edition, 3 vols. 4to. calf extra. 2_l._ + 15_s._ 1823-8. + + =Fox's= Book of Martyrs, numerous curious cuts, &c. 3 vols. folio + calf, very neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._ 1641. + + =Fuller's= Worthies of England, with the Index, folio, very neat, + 2_l._ 2_s._ 1662. + + =Grimaldi's= Origines Genealogicae, 4to. calf gilt, scarce, 2_l._ + 2_s._ 1828. + + =Gough's= Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain fine plates, large + folio. 1786-96. + + ---- British Topography, an Account of what has been done for + illustrating Topographical Antiquities, 2 vols. 4to. very neat. + 1_l._ 8_s._ 1780. + + =Grose's= Antiquities of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, + several hundred plates, 12 vols. imperial 8vo. russia. 8_l._ 8_s._ + 1784, &c. + + =Guillim's= Heraldry, fine plates, best edition, thick folio, + neat. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1724. + + =Hertfordshire.=--Chauncy's History of the County, plates, + including the scarce ones, fine copy, calf. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1700. + + =Hertfordshire.=--Clutterbuck's History of the County, fine + plates, 3 vols. folio, very clean copy, in boards, 11_l._ 11_s._ + (Published at 18_l._ 18_s._) 1815-27. + + =Lelandi= de Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, cum T. Hearnii, + plates, 6 vols, 8vo. neat. 2_l._ 16_s._ 1770. + + =Lysons'= Magna Britannia, an Account of the Counties of Beds, + Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cornwall, Cumberland, Derby, + and Devon, many plates, 6 vols, 4to. hf. bd. neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ + 6_d._ 1806-22. + + ---- Account of the Environs of London, with the Supplement, + plates, best edition, 6 vols. 4to. half russia. 3_l._ 10_s._ + 1792-6. + + =London.=--Stow's Survey, many plates, best edition by Strype, 2 + vols. folio, fine copy in russia. 1754. + + ---- Wilkinson's Graphic and Historical Illustrations, 207 + interesting plates, 2 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._ + 1819-25. + + =Madox's Firma Burgi, Baronia Anglica, Formulare Anglicanum, and + History of the Exchequer, large paper. 4 vols. folio, russia, gilt + edges. 3_l._ 16_s._ 1727. &c. + + =Manuscripts in the British Museum.--Catalogues of the Cottonian, + Harleian, and Lansdowne Collections, 6 vols. folio. 5_l._ 10_s._ + 1802-19. + + =Montfaucon= (B. De), Les Monumens de la Monarchie Francaise, + numerous fine plates, 5 vols. folio, neat in calf, scarce. 8_l._ + 18_s._ 6_d._ Paris, 1729-33. + + =Meyrick's= Ancient Armour, last edition, much enlarged, fine + coloured engravings, 3 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco. 8_l._ 18_s._ + 6_d._ 1844. + + =Murphy's= Arabian Antiquities of Spain, 100 fine engravings, + large folio, hf. bd. morocco, 7_l._ 7_s._ + + =Neale's= Views of Seats, nearly 900 fine plates, proofs on India + paper, with descriptions, large paper, 11 vols. 4to. 12_l._ + (Published at 55 guineas.) 1822-9. + + =Nichols's= Progresses and Processions of Queen Elizabeth, also of + King James I., plates, 7 vols. 4to. fine copy, new in calf. 9_l._ + 1823-8. + + =Norfolk.=--Blomefield and Parkin's History of the County, plates, + large paper, 11 vols. 4to. fine copy, calf. 9_l._ 1805-10. + + ---- and Suffolk.--Cotman's Engravings of the Sepulchral Brasses + in those Counties, original edition, folio, hf. bd. 2_l._ 15_s._ + 1819. + + ---- another new edition enlarged, 2 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco. + 4_l._ 14_s._ 6_d._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1838. + + ---- Cotman's Architectural Antiquities of the County, 240 fine + plates, with Descriptions by Rickman, 2 vols. large folio, hf. bd. + morocco. 7_l._ 7_s._ 1838. + + =Nottinghamshire.=--Thoroton's History of the County, with + additions by Thoresby, plates, 3 vols. 4to. very neat. 2_l_ 15_s._ + 1797. + + =Oxfordshire.=--Plat's History of the County, best edition, folio, + fine copy, calf. 1_l._ 10_s._ 1705. + + ---- Skelton's Antiquities of the County, fine plates, royal 4to. + calf extra. 2_l._ 8_s._ + + ---- The same, with the Oxonia Antiqua Restaurata, the Colleges, + Halls, &c. and the Record of Oxford Founders, 4 vols. royal 4to. + cloth. 6_l._ 10_s._ (Published at 24_l._) 1823-8. + + =Painter's= Palace of Pleasure, a series of Tales which appeared + during the reign of Elizabeth, edited by Haslewood, 2 vols. 4to. + hf. russia, uncut. 2_l._ 15_s._ 1813. + + =Picart's= Ceremonies and Religious Customs of various Nations, + fine plates, large paper, 7 vols. large folio, hf. bd. 5_l._ 1733. + + =Rolls= (The) of Parliament, comprising the Petitions, Pleas, &c., + from Edward I. to Henry VII., with Index, 7 vols. folio, hf. bd. + neat. 2_l._ 15_s._ + + =Sandford's= Genealogical History of the Kings and Queens of + England, best edition, by Stebbing, plates, fine copy. 6_l._ + 10_s._ 1707. + + =Somersetshire.=--Collinson's History of the County, plates, with + some scarce additional ones inserted, 3 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. + uncut. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1791. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November 29, 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + | Vol. IV No. 93 | August 9, 1851 | 97-112 | PG # 38337 | + | Vol. IV No. 94 | August 16, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 38350 | + | Vol. IV No. 95 | August 23, 1851 | 129-144 | PG # 38386 | + | Vol. IV No. 96 | August 30, 1851 | 145-167 | PG # 38405 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 97 | Sept. 6, 1851 | 169-183 | PG # 38433 | + | Vol. IV No. 98 | Sept. 13, 1851 | 185-200 | PG # 38491 | + | Vol. IV No. 99 | Sept. 20, 1851 | 201-216 | PG # 38574 | + | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851 | 217-246 | PG # 38656 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct. 4, 1851 | 249-264 | PG # 38701 | + | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851 | 265-287 | PG # 38773 | + | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851 | 289-303 | PG # 38864 | + | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851 | 305-333 | PG # 38926 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov. 1, 1851 | 337-358 | PG # 39076 | + | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov. 8, 1851 | 361-374 | PG # 39091 | + | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851 | 377-396 | PG # 39135 | + | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851 | 401-414 | PG # 39197 | + +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +------------------------------------------------+------------+ + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number +109, November 29, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 39233.txt or 39233.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/2/3/39233/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Library of Early Journals.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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