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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109,
+November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109, November 29, 1851
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: March 23, 2012 [EBook #39233]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in
+brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on
+top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs
+indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been
+standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has
+been added at the end.]
+
+
+
+
+NOTES and QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
+
+FOR
+
+LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+VOL. IV.--No. 109. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29. 1851.
+
+Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+                                                                Page
+
+
+      NOTES:--
+
+      Thomas More and John Fisher                                417
+
+      Notes on Newspapers, by H. M. Bealby                       418
+
+      Treatise of Equivocation                                   419
+
+      Notes on Virgil, by Dr. Henry                              420
+
+      Minor Notes:--Verses presented, to General
+      Monck--Justice to Pope Pius V.                             421
+
+      QUERIES:--
+
+      Crosses and Crucifixes                                     422
+
+      Master of the Buckhounds, by John Branfill Harrison        422
+
+      Minor Queries:--"No Cross no Crown"--Dido and
+      Æneas--Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the
+      Athenians--French Refugees--Isabel, Queen of the Isle
+      of Man--Grand-daughter of John Hampden--Cicada or
+      Tettigonia Septemdecim--The British Sidanen--Jenings or
+      Jennings--Caleva Atrebatum, Site of--Abigail--Etymology
+      of Durden--Connecticut Halfpenny                           423
+
+      MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Arms displayed on Spread
+      Eagle--St. Beuno--Lists of Knights Bachelor--Walker--See
+      of Durham                                                  424
+
+      REPLIES:--
+
+      Convocation of York                                        425
+
+      The Old Countess of Desmond                                426
+
+      Coins of Vabalathus                                        427
+
+      Marriage of Ecclesiastics                                  427
+
+      Replies to Minor Queries:--"Crowns have their
+      Compass"--The Rev. Richard Farmer--Earwig                  428
+
+      MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+      Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                     429
+
+      Books and Odd Volumes wanted                               429
+
+      Notices to Correspondents                                  430
+
+      Advertisements                                             430
+
+
+
+
+Notes.
+
+
+THOMAS MORE AND JOHN FISHER.
+
+Although I am afraid "NOTES AND QUERIES" may not be considered as open
+to contributions purely bibliographical, and admitting I am uncertain
+whether the following copy of the treatise of John Fisher, Bishop of
+Rochester, has been before noted, I am induced to send this extract from
+Techener's _Bulletin du Bibliophile_ for May 1851. The book is in the
+library at Douai.
+
+  "This Treatise concernynge the fruytful Saynges of David the King
+  and prophete in the seven penytencyall psalmes, devyded in _ten_
+  sermons, was made and compyled by the ryght reverente fader in god
+  Johan Fyssher, doctour of dyvinyte and bysshop of Rochester, at
+  the exortacion and sterynge of the most excellent pryncesse
+  Margarete, Countesse of Richemount and Derby, and moder to out
+  souverayne Lorde Kynge H[=e]ry the VII."
+
+It is described as a small 4to., printed upon vellum, in Gothic letters,
+at London, 1508, by Wynkyn de Worde, and contains 146 leaves. On the
+first leaf it has a portcullis, crowned with the motto "Dieu et mon
+Droit." On the recto of the last leaf there is--
+
+  "Here endeth the exposycyon of the 7 psalmes. Enprynted at London
+  in the fletestrete, at the sygne of ye Sonne, by Wynkyn de Worde.
+  In the yere of oure lorde M.CCCCC.VIII. ye 16 day of ye moneth of
+  Juyn. The XXIII. yere of ye reygne of our souverayne Lorde Kynge
+  H[=e]ry the Seventh."
+
+At the back, there is the sun, the monogram of Wynkyn de Worde--the
+letters W. C. displayed as usual--and beneath, "Wynkyn de Worde."
+
+At the beginning of the book, "sur une garde en vélin" (a fly-leaf of
+vellum?), there is written in a very neat hand the following ten verses,
+the profession of faith of Thomas Morus and of his friend John Fisher,
+Bishop of Rochester:
+
+      "The surest meanes for to attaine
+      The perfect waye to endlesse blisse
+      Are happie lief and to remaine
+      W'thin ye church where virtue is;
+      And if thy conscience be sae sounde
+      To thinse thy faith is truth indeede
+      Beware in thee noe schisme be founde
+      That unitie may have her meede;
+      If unitie thow doe embrace
+      In heaven (_en_?)joy possesse thy place."
+
+Beneath--
+
+      "Qui non rectè vivit in unitate ecclesiæ
+      Catholicæ, salvus esse non potest."
+
+And lower on the same page--
+
+      "Thomas Morus d[=n]s cancellarius Angliæ
+      Joh. Fisher Epûs Roffensis."
+
+It is traditionally reported, upon the testimony of some Anglican
+Benedictines (an order now extinct), that the lines which contain the
+profession of faith, and those which follow, are in the handwriting of
+Bishop Fisher, and that the work was presented by him to the
+chancellor, during their imprisonment, when by order of Henry VIII. the
+chancellor was denied the consolation of his books.
+
+In the same library there is a fine Psalter, which belonged to Queen
+Elizabeth. The _Livre d'Heures_ of Mary Queen of Scots was here also to
+be found: "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland." It is
+conjectured these books were brought to Douai by the fugitive English
+Roman Catholic priests. In 1790 their collections were confiscated and
+given to the public library of Douai. It would be of interest to
+ascertain, if possible, the authenticity of the _Heures à l'Usage_,
+stated to have belonged to Mary Queen of Scots. Upon this point one may
+be permitted to be sceptical. I have myself seen two. One of these, it
+was said, had been used by Mary on the scaffold, and contained a note in
+the handwriting, as I think, of James II. attesting the fact. It was
+understood to have been obtained from a monastery in France. The other,
+a small Prayer Book MS. in vellum, of good execution, had the signature
+"M." with a line I think over it of "O Lord, deliver me from my
+enemies!" in French. I am, however, now writing from memory, and, in the
+first case, of very many years.
+
+Whether the line, "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland," be
+written in the Psalter, or has been added by the mental excitement of M.
+Duthilloeul, the librarian at Douai, I cannot decide. The grand
+culmination of "and Queen of Scotland" forms doubtless a very striking
+anti-thesis: but neither the possessor of the book nor a priest would
+have so sunk the martyr, although a woman and a queen were alike
+concerned, as this line does. Lowndes states there is a copy of the
+bishop's treatise on vellum at Cambridge. A copy is in the British
+Museum; but the title, according, to Lowndes, has _seven_ sermons. It
+will be observed the title now given has _ten_.
+
+    S. H.
+
+
+NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS.
+
+The social elements of society in the seventeenth century were more
+simple in their character and development than at the present period.
+The population was comparatively small, and therefore the strivings for
+success in any pursuit did not involve that severe conflict which is so
+frequently the case in the present day. Society then was more of a
+community than it is now. It had not public bodies to aid it. It was
+left more to its own inherent resources for reciprocal good, and for
+mutual help. The temptations to evade and dissemble, in matters of
+business, or private and public negotiations, were not so strong as they
+now are. Its transactions were more transparent and defined, because
+they were fewer and less complicated than many of our own. We readily
+grant that society now, in its social, religious, and commercial
+aspects, enjoys advantages immeasurably superior to those of any former
+period; still there are some few advantages which it had then, that it
+cannot possess now. The following advertisements, from the newspapers of
+the time, will illustrate the truth of the foregoing remarks:
+
+From a _Collection for Improvement of Husbandry and Trade_.
+
+  Friday, January 26, 1693/4.
+
+  "One that is fit to keep a Warehouse, be a Steward, or do any
+  Business that can be supposed an intelligent Man that has been a
+  Shopkeeper is fit for, and can give any Security that can be
+  desired, as far as Ten Thousand Pound goes, and has some Estate of
+  his own, desires an Employment of One hundred Pounds a year, or
+  upwards. I can give an account of him."
+
+That a man having 10,000_l._ to give as security, and in possession of
+an estate, should require a situation of 100_l._ per annum, sounds oddly
+enough in our ears. "I can give an account of him," denotes that the
+editor was a man well known and duly appreciated. He appears to have
+been a scribe useful in many ways. He was known, and knowing.
+
+  Friday, February 2, 1693/4.
+
+  "A very eminent Brewer, and one I know to be a very honest
+  Gentleman, wants an Apprentice. I can give an account of him."
+
+In what sense the word "honest" must here be taken it is difficult to
+define. As an eminent brewer, we should naturally conclude he must have
+been an honest man. He is here very eminent and very honest.
+
+  Friday March 16, 1693/4.
+
+  "Many Masters want Apprentices, and many Youths want Masters. If
+  they apply themselves to me, I'll strive to help them. Also for
+  variety of valuable services."
+
+Here is the editor of a paper offering his help to masters and
+apprentices for their mutual good. Let us suppose an advertisement of
+this kind appearing in _The Times_ of our own day. Printing-house Square
+would not contain a tithe of the individuals who would present
+themselves for the reception of this accommodating aid. In such a case
+the editors (as it regards their particular duties) would be cyphers,
+for a continuous absorption of their time would necessarily occur in the
+carrying out of this benevolent offer. This advertisement may be
+considered as _multum in parvo_, giving the wants of the many in an
+announcement of three or four lines, connecting them with a variety of
+services which in those days were thought to be valuable. How greatly
+are we assisted by these little incidents in forming correct views of
+the state of society at that period.
+
+The next advertisement shows the value set upon the services of one who
+was to perform the duties of a clerk, and to play well on the violin.
+
+  "If any young Man that plays well on a Violin, and writes a good
+  Hand, desires a Clerkship, I can help him to Twenty Pounds a
+  year."
+
+Of course twenty pounds was of more value then than it is now: still it
+seems a small sum for the performance of such duties, for twelve months.
+Here is musical talent required for the amusement of others, in
+combination with the daily duties of a particular profession. An
+efficient musician, and a good writer, and all for 20_l._ per annum! We
+learn by the editor's "I can help him," his readiness to assist all who
+would advertise in his journal, to obtain those employments which their
+advertisements specified.
+
+  Friday, April 6, 1694.
+
+  "A Grocer of good business desires an Apprentice of good growth."
+
+The "good growth" must have been intended to convey the idea of height
+and strength.
+
+My next article shall be devoted to advertisements of another class,
+further illustrating the state of society and the peculiarities of the
+people at the end of the seventeenth century.
+
+    H. M. BEALBY.
+
+  North Brixton.
+
+
+TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION.
+
+As having originated the inquiry in "NOTES AND QUERIES"[1] respecting
+this Treatise, under the signature of J. M., I feel great obligation
+both to the editor of that journal, and the editor of the Treatise
+itself, for having brought it to light by publication, and added it to
+the stock of accurate and very important historical information. Indeed,
+a real vacancy was left for it; and it is a subject of high
+self-gratulation, that a boon previously, and for a length of time,
+hidden and unproductive, is now accessible and operative without limit.
+I have no doubt that all your readers, and the whole reading public,
+join with me in rejoicing that the editorship of the work has fallen
+into hands so competent and so successful.
+
+  [Footnote 1: Vol. i., pp. 263. 357.; Vol. ii., pp. 136. 168. 446.
+  490.]
+
+I was, not for ten, but twenty years or more, in quest of the MS. now so
+happily made public property, and should have fallen upon it much
+earlier, but for the misleading title under which it appears, where it
+_is_ really; for it has been found. In the _Catalogus Lib. MSS._: Ox.
+1697, among the Laudian MSS. appears, p. 62., "968.95. _A Treatise_
+against _Equivocation, or fraudulent Dissimulation_." _Against!_ when no
+such word is in the original, and the real matter and meaning is _for_!
+I had, at some early time, marked the very entry; but presuming that the
+work had been actually _printed_ (which I believe it was in a very few
+copies, which have disappeared), naturally enough I did not pursue the
+search in that direction. Others, I am happy, have, and I am gratified.
+
+The work is very important; for there is not a work more evidently
+genuine and authentic than this is proved to be by plain historic
+evidence, both as to the document itself and the facts which it attests.
+The witness, or witnesses, appearing in it, give their testimony
+respecting themselves with the most unsuspectable simplicity. They meant
+not, and have not, misrepresented themselves: they have proclaimed their
+own doctrine for themselves respecting Equivocation and Mental
+Reservation--the last of which is really of most importance; and it was
+most needful to the Roman body at the time, and under their
+circumstances. Their object, for mere safety, was concealment as to
+their resorts or residences. They could not exist, as they did, without
+the assistance and knowledge of many individuals, some of inferior
+class. Against the incessant inquiries to which they were exposed they
+had no defence, except the power of disappointing or misleading by
+ambiguity or deception, which was completely secured by reserved
+termination in the mind to any uttered declaration. Now, there is in
+this very Treatise _plain admission_ that all the co-religionists of the
+endangered party, particularly a lady who is distinctly noticed, were
+not convinced of the moral rectitude of such a procedure; and it was
+necessary, or expedient, that their hesitation should be removed. And
+this seems to be the main object of the present work. How far it has
+succeeded must depend upon the evidence which is adduced.
+
+We have generally had the doctrine of the Roman body on the subject of
+the Treatise presented by opponents; here we have it as deliberately
+stated by themselves. There is a passage rather observable in p. 103.,
+beginning at the bottom and extending to the words "he hath no such
+meaning to tell them," of which we are not acquainted with a duplicate.
+But the whole has something of the freshness and interest of novelty.
+
+_Macbeth_, it is agreed, I believe, was written in 1607, consequently
+after the Powder Plot, when the doctrine before us was brought forward
+pointedly against the traitors. Might there not be some reference to the
+fact in the Second Act, where the porter of the castle, roused by
+repeated knockings, on the murder, after other exclamations in the
+manner of the poet, proceeds:
+
+  "Here's an Equivocator, that could swear in both the scales,
+  against either scale: who committed treason enough for God's sake,
+  yet could not equivocate to heaven. Oh, come in, Equivocator"?
+
+Mr. Jardine will thank your correspondent for pointing out an error or
+two which should be corrected in another edition. At p. 44., for
+"χθο," in the margin, should be printed "_sub verbo_." The
+word in the MS. is a contraction to that effect: the capital "V" has a
+curved stroke across the first line of the "V," followed by "_bo_."
+Generally the _Dubium_, in alphabetic works of the kind referred to,
+ranks under some alphabetic word, one or more, as it may happen; but in
+Em. Sà's work the word _Dubium_ comes under the letter D., and this is
+meant to be expressed. At p. 49. the footnote should be omitted, as the
+Vulgate, which is followed, calls the 1st of _Samuel_ the 1st of
+_Kings_. The first line of p. 56. should have "_autem_" instead of
+"_antea_." I have inspected the MS. carefully, and therefore speak with
+confidence.
+
+    EUPATOR.
+
+
+NOTES ON VIRGIL.
+
+(_Continued from_ p. 308.)
+
+      IV. "Illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas
+          Turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto."
+
+          Virg. _Æn._ I. 48.
+
+  "TURBINE; volubilitate ventorum. SCOPULO; saxo
+  eminenti."--_Servius._
+
+  "Hub sie im Wirbel empor, und spiesst' an ein scharfes Gestein
+  ihn."--_Voss._
+
+  "Ipsum vero Pallas fulmine percussum procellæ vi scopulo etiam
+  allisit."--_Heyne._
+
+  "Impegit rupi acutæ."--_Ruæus._
+
+  "Infixit. _Inflixit_, lectionem quorundam MSS. facile prætulissem,
+  et quod statim præcesserit _transfixo_, unde evadit inconcinna
+  cognatæ dictionis repetitio, et quod etiam Æn. x. 303.:
+
+      "'Namque inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo,'
+
+  "si Sidon. Apoll. v. 197. haud tueretur vulgatam scripturam:
+
+                           "'Fixusque Capharei
+      Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus.'"--_Wakefield._
+
+To which criticism of Wakefields's, Forbiger adds: "Præterea etiam acuto
+scopulo _infigendi_ voc. accommodatius videtur quam _infligendi_." And
+Wagner: "acuto scopulo _infigi_ melius."
+
+This interpretation and these criticisms are founded altogether on a
+false conception of the meaning of the word _infigere_, which is never
+to fix _on_, but always either to fix _in_, or to fix _with_, i.e.
+pierce _with_. _Scopulo infixit acuto_, _fixed or pinned_ down or to the
+ground _with_ a sharp rock; _i.e._ hurled a sharp-pointed rock on him,
+so as to nail him to the ground. So (_Æn._ XII. 721.) "Cornua obnixi
+infigunt," fix their horns, not _on_, but _in_; infix their horns; stick
+their horns into each other; stick each other with their horns: _q.d._
+Cornibus se mutuo infigunt: and, exactly parallel to our text:
+
+      "Saturnius me sic _infixit_ Jupiter,
+      Jovisque numen Mulcibri adscivit manus.
+      Hos ille _cuneos_ fabrica crudeli _inserens_,
+      Perrupit artus; qua miser sollertia
+      Transverberatus, castrum hoc Furiarum incolo."
+
+      Cicero (translating from Æschylus), _Tuscul. Quæst._ II. 10.
+
+In confirmation of this view of the passage, I may observe: 1st, that it
+is easier to imagine a man staked to the ground by a sharp-pointed rock,
+than flung on a sharp-pointed rock, so as to remain permanently impaled
+on it; and 2dly, that the account given of the transaction, both by
+Quintus Calaber and Seneca, agree as perfectly with this view as they
+disagree with the opposite:
+
+      Καί νύ κεν ἐξήλυξε κακὸν μόρον, εἰ μὴ ἄρ'αὐτῷ,
+
+      ῥήξας αἶαν ἔνερθεν, ἐπιπροέηκε κολώνην·
+
+      εὖτε πάρος μεγάλοιο κατ' Ἐγκελάδοιο δαΐφρων
+
+      Παλλὰς ἀειραμένη Σικελὴν ἐπικάββαλε νῆσον·
+
+      ἦ ῥ' ἔτι καίεται αἰὲν ὑπ' ἀκαμάτοιο Γίγαντος,
+
+      αἰθαλόεν πνείοντος ἔσω χθονός· ὡς ἄρα Λοκρῶν
+
+      ἀμφεκάλυψεν ἄνακτα δυσάμμορον οὔρεος ἄκρη,
+
+      ὑψόθεν ἐξεριποῦσα, βάρυνε δὲ καρτερὸν ἄνδρα·
+
+      ἀμφὶ δέ μιν θανάτοιο μέλας ἐκιχήσατ' ὄλεθρος,
+
+      γαίῃ ὁμῶς δμηθέντα καὶ ἀκαμάτῳ ἐνὶ πόντῳ.
+
+      Quintus Calab. XIV. 579.
+
+And so Seneca; who, having presented us with Ajax clinging to the rock
+to which he had swum for safety, after his ship had been sunk, and
+himself struck with lightning, and there uttering violent imprecations
+against the Deity, adds:
+
+                "Plura cum auderet furens,
+      Tridente rupem subruit pulsam pater
+      Neptunus, imis exerens undis caput,
+      Solvitque montem; quem cadens secum tulit:
+      Terraque et igne victus et pelago jacet."
+
+      _Agam._ 552.
+
+And, so also, beyond doubt, we are to understand Sidonius
+Apollinaris's--
+
+                                "Fixusque Capharei
+      Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus."
+
+Not, with Wakefield and the other commentators, _fixed on_ the rocks of
+Caphareus, but, _pierced with_ the rocks of Caphareus, and lying under
+them. Compare (_Æn._ IX. 701.) "fixo pulmone," the pierced lung; "fixo
+cerebro" (_Æn._ XII. 537.); "verubus trementia figunt" (_Æn._ I. 216.),
+not, fix _on_ the spits, but, stick or pierce _with_ the spits; and
+especially (Ovid. _Ibis._ 341.),
+
+      "Viscera sic aliquis scopulus tua figat, ut olim
+        Fixa sub Euboico Graia fuere sinu,"
+
+pierced and pinned down with a rock, at the bottom of the Euboean gulf.
+
+TURBINE. SCOPULO.--Not two instruments, _a whirlwind and a rock_, but
+one single instrument, _a whirling rock_; scopulo turbineo; in modo
+turbinis se circumagente; as if Virgil had said, Solo affixit illum
+correptum et transverberatum scopulo acuto in eum maxima vi rotato: or,
+more briefly, Turbine scopuli acuti corripuit et infixit. Compare:
+
+      "Præcipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi
+      Excutit effunditque solo."--_Æn._ XII. 531.
+
+                            "Stupet obvia leto
+      Turba super stantem, atque emissi turbine montis
+      Obruitur."--Stat. _Theb._ II. 564.
+
+      "Idem altas turres saxis et turbine crebro
+      Laxat."--Stat. _Theb._ X. 742.
+
+So understood, 1st, the passage is according to Virgil's usual manner,
+the latter part of the line explaining and defining the general
+statement contained in the former; and, 2ndly, Pallas kills her enemy,
+not by the somewhat roundabout and unusual method of first striking him
+with thunder, and then snatching him up in a whirlwind, and then either
+dashing him against a sharp rock, and leaving him impaled there, or, as
+I have shown is undoubtedly the meaning, impaling him with a sharp rock,
+but by the more compendious and less out-of-the-way method of first
+striking him with thunder, and then whirling a sharp-pointed rock on top
+of him, so as to impale him.
+
+From Milton's imitation of this passage, in his _Paradise Lost_ (ii.
+180.), it appears that even he fell into the general and double error:
+
+      "Caught in a fiery tempest shall be hurled,
+      Each on his rock transfixed."
+
+Caro's translation shows that he had no definite idea whatever of the
+meaning:
+
+                          "A tale un turbo
+      In preda il diè; che per acuti scogli
+      Miserabil ne fe' rapina, e scempio."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+      V. "Ast ego, quæ Divûm incedo regina, Jovisque
+         Et soror et conjux, una cum gente tot annos
+         Bella gero."--_Æn._ I. 50.
+
+  "'INCEDERE' wird besonders von der feierlichen, würdevollen
+  Haltung im Gange gebraucht: vers 500, von der Dido, 'Regina
+  incessit.' (Ruhnk. zu _Terent. And._ I. i. 100. _Eun._ v. 3. 9.)
+  Deshalb der majestätischen Juno eigenthümlich, Ἡραῖον
+  βαδίζειν. Also nicht für _sum_, sondern ganz
+  eigentlich."--_Thiel._
+
+      "But I who walk in awful state above."
+
+      _Dryden._
+
+  "_Incedere_ est _ingredi_, sed proprie cum quadam pompa et
+  fastu."--_Gesner._
+
+  "Incessus dearum, imprimis Junonis, gravitate sua
+  notus."--_Heyne._
+
+And so also Holdsworth and Ruæus.
+
+I think, on the contrary, that _incedo_, both here and elsewhere,
+expresses only the stepping or walking motion generally, and that the
+character of the step or walk, if inferable at all, is to be inferred
+only from the context. Accordingly, "Magnifice incedit" (Liv. II. 6.);
+"Turpe incedere" (Catull. XXXXII. 8.); "Molliter incedit" (Ovid, _Amor._
+II. 23.); "Passu incedit inerti" (Ovid, _Metam._ II. 772.); "Melius est
+incessu regem quam imperium regno claudicare" (Justin. VI. ii. 6.);
+"Incessus omnibus animalibus certus et uniusmodi, et in suo, cuique,
+genere" (Plin. X. 38.).
+
+The emphasis, therefore, is on _regina_, and the meaning is, _I who
+step, or walk, QUEEN of the Gods_; the dignity of the step being not
+expressed by "incedo," but inferable from "regina." The expression
+corresponds exactly to "ibit regina" (_Æn._ II. 578.); with this
+difference only, that "ibit" does not, like "incedo," specify motion on
+foot.
+
+"Jovisque et soror et conjux."--Both the _ets_ are emphatic. "Jovisque
+_et_ soror _et_ conjux."
+
+"Bella" expresses the organised resistance which she meets, and the
+uncertainty of the issue; and being placed first word in the line is
+emphatic.
+
+    JAMES HENRY.
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Verses presented to General Monck._--The subjoined notice of a curious
+entry in the records of the Belfast corporation may be acceptable. The
+author is unknown. They are inscribed, "Verses to General Monck," and,
+as the last six lines show, are an attack on the Rump Parliament:--
+
+      Advants George Monck, and Monck St. George shall be,
+      England's restorer to its liberty,
+      Scotland's protector, Ireland's president,
+      Reducing all to affree parliament.
+      And if thou dost intend the other thing,
+      Go on, and all shall cry God save ye king.
+
+        R. R doth rebellion represent,
+        V. By V nought else but villainy is meant,
+        M. M murther signifies all men doe knowe,
+        P. P perjuries in fashion grow.
+
+            Then R and V with M and P
+            Conjoined make up our misery.
+
+The occasion of their presentation is unknown. General Monck took
+Belfast in 1646 from the Scotch, who being true Presbyterians of the
+older school, had turned against the parliament. This was the probable
+occasion of their being presented to the future restorer of King Charles
+II.
+
+    E. L. B.
+
+_Justice to Pope Pius V._--You have done yourself credit by exonerating
+Queen Elizabeth from a charge the easiest to bring, and the most
+difficult to rebut, implying the proof of a negative; and therefore
+frequently brought by the unprincipled. I propose, as a counterpart, to
+exonerate Pope Pius V. from an imputation, mistakingly, though unjustly,
+cast upon him by an authority of no less weight than that of Sir Walter
+Scott. In his edition of _Somers's Tracts_, vol. i. p. 192., occurs a
+note on a place in the _execution of justice_: "Pius V. resolved to make
+his bastard son, Boncompagni, Marquis of Vincola, King of Ireland," &c.
+For this assertion no authority is cited, nor indeed could be. The very
+name might have suggested the filiation to his successor, Gregory XIII.,
+which was the fact. In a work, not much known, _The Burnt Child dreads
+the Fire, &c._, by William Denton, M.D., London, 1675, at p. 25. we
+read, "Gregory XIII. had a bastard, _James Buon Compagna_, and to him he
+gave _Ireland_, and impowered _Stewkely_ with men, arms, and money, to
+conquer it for him."[2] There is no reason to doubt, that with the
+editor of the _Tracts_ the above imputation was a simple mistake; but it
+is an important duty of all who interfere with historical literature, to
+state and correct every discovered instance of the kind.
+
+  [Footnote 2: Camden, in his _Elizabeth_, under 1578, states the
+  fact without mention of the name, only calling him "the pope's
+  bastard;" but the date is the sixth year of the pontificate of
+  Gregory XIII.]
+
+    EUPATOR.
+
+
+
+
+Queries.
+
+
+CROSSES AND CRUCIFIXES.
+
+In the 22nd volume of the _Archæologia_, p. 58., is the following
+passage:
+
+  "The cross, which does not appear to have been peculiar to
+  Christianity, when introduced on these obelisks, is usually filled
+  with tracery."
+
+The obelisks, or stones of memorial, referred to are the subjects of a
+very interesting paper communicated by Mr. Logan to the Society of
+Antiquaries. (See Plates 2, 3, 4, and 5.) I am desirous of being
+informed what authenticated instances there are of crosses, or stones
+marked with crosses, being used for landmarks, memorials, or for any
+other purpose, civil or religious, before the introduction of
+Christianity? I have met with one instance. Prescott, in his _History of
+Mexico_, relates that--
+
+  "In the court of one of the temples in the island of Columel he
+  was amazed by the sight of a cross of stone and lime, about ten
+  palms high."
+
+It was the emblem of the god of rain (See vol. i. p. 240., &c.)
+
+In the same paper Mr. Logan observes--
+
+  "Crosses, or stones on which the figure was traced, marked a place
+  of meeting for certain districts; and within memory of man a fair
+  was held on this spot. It is not improbable that market-crosses
+  may be deduced from this custom."
+
+It seems that every town that had the privilege of a market or fair (I
+am speaking of England) had a market-cross. In most of these towns the
+cross has disappeared, and in its place a ball or globe has been mounted
+on the shaft; but the term "market-cross" is still in use. In the town
+of Giggleswick, in the parish of Giggleswick, there is a perfect
+market-cross, the cross being what is, I believe, called a cross-fleury.
+In the town of Settle, in the same parish of Giggleswick, the ball or
+globe is placed on the top of the shaft. Are there other instances of
+market towns in which the cross is still found?
+
+I passed through a market town lately in which the stone steps, and
+socket in which the shaft was placed, are preserved; but they have been
+removed to one corner of the market-place. The shaft and cross have
+disappeared.
+
+Is not this erection of the cross, in places in which markets and fairs
+were held, of ecclesiastical origin? Was the cross erected by licence
+granted by the bishop within whose jurisdiction it was placed? Is there
+any grant of such licence in existence? Or did these crosses originate
+in the gratuitous piety of our ancestors? I fear to ask the question,
+whether the buyers and sellers under the cross are more upright in their
+dealings than those who buy and sell without the presence of this emblem
+of all that is true and just. Is the cross erected in the cities and
+towns of other states, as in England? Was the custom general in Europe?
+
+    F. W. J.
+
+Mr. Curzon states, in the introduction to his _Monasteries of the
+Levant_, that--
+
+  "The crucifix was not known before the fifth or sixth century,
+  though the cross was always the emblem of the Christian faith."
+
+I am persuaded that this assertion is incorrect, and that the crucifix
+was used in much earlier times. Will some one kindly inform me where the
+first mention of it is to be found, and what is the date of the earliest
+examples now known?
+
+    DRYASDUST.
+
+
+MASTER OF THE BUCKHOUNDS.
+
+In reading the _Topographer_ for January 1791 (a work which was
+published under the editorship of my uncle, Sir Egerton Brydges), I was
+surprised to find, in an account of the family of Brocas, of
+Beaurepaire, in the county of Hampshire, that the post of Master of the
+Buckhounds had been sold in the reign of James I.
+
+Mr. Gough (_Sepulchral Monuments_, pp. 160, 161.) appears to be the
+authority quoted who describes the monument of Sir Bernard Brocas, Kt.,
+as existing at Westminster, and having on it an inscription in which is
+the following sentence:
+
+  "Sir Bernard succeeded to the paternal inheritance both in England
+  and France, and having married Mary, daughter and heiress of Sir
+  John de Roche, had a large estate with her, and the hereditary
+  post of Master of the Buckhounds; which was confirmed to him by
+  King Edward the Third, and held by the family, till sold in James
+  the First's reign."
+
+I have no means of ascertaining at the present time whether this
+monument is still in existence or not; nor indeed has that much to do
+with the object of my writing, which is to suggest the following
+Queries, in the hope that some of your correspondents may be able to
+send satisfactory answers.
+
+1. By whom was the post of Master of the Buckhounds first instituted,
+and who was the first Master?
+
+2. Is there any list of persons holding this office; and if so, where
+may it be seen?
+
+3. Is there any instance of an unmarried lady having held it: for in the
+case before us we see that a lady was able to convey it by inheritance
+to her husband?
+
+4. By whom was it sold? Was it by the last hereditary possessor; and if
+so, what was his name? Or was it by the king, on the death of one of the
+possessors, for the purpose of enriching himself?
+
+5. Is it known whether there is any other instance of its having been
+sold: and when did it come to be, as now, a ministerial office?
+
+    JOHN BRANFILL HARRISON.
+
+  Maidstone.
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+300. "_No Cross no Crown._"--Where did Penn get the title of his
+well-known work? St. Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in allusion to the custom
+of crowning crosses, has these lines:--
+
+      "Cerne coronatam Domini super _atria Christi_,
+      Stare crucem, duro spondentem celsa labori
+      Præmia: _tolle crucem, qui vis auferre coronam_."
+
+      "See how the cross of Christ a crown entwines:
+      High o'er God's temple it refulgent shines;
+      Pledging bright guerdon for each passing pain:
+      Take up the cross, if thou the crown would'st gain."
+
+Vide Dr. Rock's _Hierurgia_. Quarles says, in his _Esther_:
+
+      "The way to bliss lies not on beds of down,
+      And he that had no cross deserves no crown."
+
+    MARICONDA.
+
+301. _Dido and Æneas._--
+
+      "When Dido found Æneas did not come,
+      She wept in silence, and was--di-do-dum."
+
+Who was the author of the above well-known bit of philology?
+
+    A. A. D.
+
+302. _Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the Athenians._--Dr.
+Schmitz (in Smith's _Antiq._, article SHIPS) speaks of "the pegs,
+σκαλμοί, _between which the oars move[d]_, and to which they
+were fastened by a thong, τροπωτήρ." What is the authority for
+two pegs, _between which_, &c? A single peg and thong, as still in
+frequent use, would be intelligible!
+
+Dr. Smith observes (ap. id. p. 1139.) that the decree of Scamandrius,
+which ordained that no free Athenian should be tortured, "does not
+appear to have interdicted torture as a means of execution, _since_ we
+find Demosthenes (_de Cor._ 271.) reminding the judges that they had put
+Antiphon to death by the rack." Does it not escape him that Antiphon was
+_then an alien_, having suffered expulsion from the Lexiarchic list.
+(See Dem. _l.c._)
+
+    A. A. D.
+
+303. _French Refugees._--Where is the treaty or act of parliament to be
+found which guaranteed compensation to the French refugees at the end of
+the war? Is it possible to obtain a list of those who received
+compensation, and the amount paid; and if so, where?
+
+    S. QUARTO.
+
+304. _Isabel, Queen of the Isle of Man._--In Charles Knight's _London_
+mention is made, amongst the noble persons buried in the church of the
+Grey Friars, of Isabel, wife of Baron Fitzwarren, sometime queen of the
+Isle of Man. Will you or some of your correspondents be so kind as to
+tell me who this lady was, and when the Isle of Man ceased to be an
+independent kingdom?
+
+    FANNY.
+
+305. _Grand-daughter of John Hampden._--According to the _Friend of
+India_ of 4th September, 1851, there is at Cossimbazar the following
+inscription:--
+
+            "SARAH MATTOCKS,
+                Aged 27.
+        Much lamented by her husband,
+      Lieutenant-Colonel JOHN MATTOCKS.
+        Was the grand-daughter of the
+          Great JOHN HAMDEN, Esq.,
+          Of St. James's, Westminster."
+
+In the following number (dated 11th September, 1851), the editor offers
+an apology for having omitted the date of the decease of Mrs. Mattocks,
+viz. 1778; and then remarks that--
+
+  "As she was twenty-seven years old at her death, she must have
+  been born in 1751; it was therefore impossible that she should
+  have been the grand-daughter of the great John Hampden, that died
+  in 1643, one hundred and eight years before her birth."
+
+Query, Can any of your correspondents give me any information respecting
+the subject?
+
+    SALOPIAN.
+
+306. _Cicada or Tettigonia Septemdecim._--In Latrobe's _Rambler in North
+America_, London, 1835, vol. ii. p. 290., is a curious account of this
+insect, which visits Pennsylvania every seventeenth year, and appears
+about May 24. It is under an inch in length when it first appears early
+in the morning, and gains its strength after the sun has risen. These
+insects live ten or fifteen days, and never seem to eat any food. They
+come in swarms, and birds, pigs, and poultry fatten on them. The female
+lays her eggs in the outermost twigs of the forest; these die and drop
+on the ground. The eggs give birth to a number of small grubs, which are
+thus enabled to attain the mould without injury, and in it they
+disappear; they are forgotten till seventeen years pass, and then the
+memory of them returns, and they rise from the earth, piercing their way
+through the matted sod, the hard trampled clay, &c. They appeared in
+1749, &c., to 1834, and are expected in 1851. Has this expectation been
+fulfilled?
+
+    C. I. R.
+
+307. _The British Sidanen._--Under this title (the proper spelling in
+which should be _Sina_ or _Senena_) an article appears in Vol. iv., p.
+120., comprising a portion of the genealogy of the Welsh princess, in
+which three of her sons are mentioned, viz., Owen, Llewellyn, and David.
+But there was a _fourth_ son, Roderic, who settled in England, and
+appears to have been residing there for some time, when the fatal
+rupture occurred between the two countries. It would appear that
+descendants of his have lived, and are living in our own times; among
+them, the late Dr. John Mawer, of Middleton Tyas, whose remarkable
+epitaph was given in a former number of "NOTES AND QUERIES." My first
+inquiry is, Is there known to exist any genealogy assuming to extend
+between the Rev. and learned gentleman just named and Prince Roderic? I
+am told there was one published in the _British Peerage for 1706_, at
+which time John Mawer would be three years of age; is such the fact? I
+wish also to ask, whether Prince _Owen_ was in existence at the time of
+the deaths of Llewellyn and David--whether in Wales or England? and
+whether he was the ancestor of Owen Tudor, the proud father of Henry
+VII.; and, if not, who _was_ Owen Tudor's ancestor?
+
+    AMANUENSIS.
+
+308. _Jenings or Jennings._--Was the late Mr. Jenings of Acton Hall,
+Suffolk, descended from the family of Jenings, formerly of Silsden,
+Skipton in Craven, and afterwards of Ripon, Yorkshire; and if so, where
+can information as to the pedigree be obtained?
+
+    A. B. C.
+
+  Brighton.
+
+309. _Caleva Atrebatum, Site of._--May not the site of Caleva Atrebatum
+have been at Caversham, on the north of the Thames, near Reading?
+
+The distance of Caleva from Londinium was forty-four Roman miles, making
+forty English; and from Venta Belgarum, thirty-six Roman or thirty-three
+English miles.
+
+Caleva, according to Ptolemy's map, was on the north of the Thames; a
+portion of the present Oxfordshire being in the country assigned by the
+same geographer to the Atrebates.
+
+    G. J.
+
+310. _Abigail._--Whence, or when, originated the application of
+_Abigail_, as applied to a lady's maid? It is used by Dean Swift in this
+sense; but in a way that shows that it was no new phrase in those days.
+
+    J. S. WARDEN.
+
+  Balica.
+
+311. _Etymology of Durden._--Jacob, in his _Law Dictionary_, giving
+Cowel as his authority (who, however, advances no further elucidation),
+derives the word from _dur-den_, a coppice in a valley. Does the word
+_dur_ signify wood, or, if the British _dwr_, is it not water?
+
+    F. R. R.
+
+312. _Connecticut Halfpenny._--I have a halfpenny, apparently American,
+bearing on the obverse, a head to the right, and "Auctori Connect.;" and
+on the reverse, "Inde." for _independence_, and "Lib." for liberty; date
+in the exerg., 1781 or 1787; and between "Inde." and "Lib." five stars.
+Can any of your correspondents tell me if my explanation of the reverse
+is the correct one? and also who was the "_Auctori Connect._," or
+founder of the state of Connecticut?
+
+    J. N. C.
+
+  King's Lynn.
+
+
+Minor Queries Answered.
+
+_Arms displayed on Spread Eagle._--For what reason are the arms of
+Methwen (and some others, I believe) placed on the breast of a
+two-headed eagle displayed sable?
+
+    H. N. E.
+
+  [When armorial ensigns are borne upon the breast of an eagle, the
+  general inference is that the bearers thereof are Counts of the
+  Holy Roman Empire, it being the practice in Germany for Counts of
+  the Empire so to display the eagle.
+
+  There are some cases in which especial grants have been made to
+  Englishmen so to do, as in the case of the family of _Methwen_;
+  and persons having received the royal licence in England to accept
+  the dignity of Count of the Empire, so carry their arms, as in the
+  cases of Earl Cowper, Lord Arundel of Wardour, St. Paul, &c.]
+
+_St. Beuno._--Where can I obtain any information respecting St. Beuno,
+to whom I find several churches dedicated in Wales?
+
+    J. D. D.
+
+  [In Rees's _Essay on the Welsh Saints_, p. 268., and Williams's
+  _Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_, p. 137. The college of
+  Beuno is now called Clynog Vawr. See also _The Cambro-Briton_,
+  vol. iii. p. 14.]
+
+_Lists of Knights Bachelor._--What publication contains a list of the
+_knights bachelor_ made by George I. and George II. (1714-1760)? With
+regard to the subsequent reign I have found the _Calendar of Knights_,
+by Francis Townsend, London, 1828, very accurate and perfect.
+
+    ==> N.
+
+  [There is not any continuous list of _Knights Bachelors_ in any
+  published works since Philpot's _Catalogue_, 1660, until
+  Townsend's _Calendar_, which commences in 1760. The knights made
+  by Kings George I. and II. will be found only in some of the
+  genealogical publications of the day, such as the _British
+  Compendium_, published at intervals between 1720 and 1769;
+  Chamberlayne's _State of Great Britain_; or Heylin's _Help to
+  English History_, or Phillipps's _List of Nobility_, and similar
+  works.
+
+  Mr Townsend contemplated the publication of a list, and left an
+  imperfect MS., which passed into the hands of Sir Thomas
+  Phillipps, who printed it; but though privately circulated, it was
+  never published. See Moule's _Bibliotheca Heraldica_ for various
+  works of the character referred to.]
+
+_Walker._--An American lady lecturing on Bloomerism last week was much
+puzzled by the audience bursting into roars of laughter upon her
+quoting Professor Walker as an authority for some statement. The roars
+redoubled upon her declaring her belief that Professor Walker was a most
+respectable and trustworthy person. Can any one explain the origin of
+the joke that lies in the name "Walker?" Why do people say "Walker" when
+they wish to express ridicule or disbelief of a questionable statement?
+
+    DAVUS.
+
+  [The history of the renowned "Hookey Walker," as related by John
+  Bee, Esq., is simply this:--John Walker was an out-door clerk at
+  Longman, Clementi, and Co.'s in Cheapside, where a great number of
+  persons were employed; and "Old Jack," who had a crooked or hooked
+  nose, occupied the post of a spy upon their aberrations, which
+  were manifold. Of course, it was for the interests of the
+  surveillants to throw discredit upon all Jack's reports to the
+  heads of the firm; and numbers could attest that those reports
+  were fabrications, however true. Jack, somehow or other, was
+  constantly outvoted, his evidence superseded, and of course
+  disbelieved; and thus his occupation ceased, but not the fame of
+  "Hookey Walker."]
+
+_See of Durham._--Can any of your readers inform me of "The privileges
+of, and the ancient customs appertaining to, the See of Durham?"
+
+    H. F.
+
+  Clapham, Nov. 3. 1851.
+
+  [These relate most probably to the palatine rights of the Bishops
+  of Durham, granted by Egfrid, King of Northumbria, in 685; when he
+  gave to St. Cuthbert all the land between the Wear and the Tyne,
+  called "the patrimony of St. Cuthbert," to hold in as full and
+  ample a manner as the king himself holds the same. This donative,
+  with its ancient customs and privileges, was confirmed by the
+  Danes, and afterwards by William the Conqueror; in addition to
+  which, the latter made the church a sanctuary, and the county a
+  palatinate. Its bishop was invested with as great a power and
+  prerogative within his see, as the king exercised without the
+  bounds of it, with regard to forfeitures, &c. Thus it was a kind
+  of royalty subordinate to the crown, and, by way of eminence, was
+  called _The Bishoprick_. For an account of the ancient customs
+  connected with the cathedral, our correspondent is referred to the
+  curious and interesting work of Davies of Kidwelly, entitled, _The
+  Ancient Rites and Monuments of the Monastical and Cathedral Church
+  of Durham_, 12mo. 1672, which has been republished by the Surtees
+  Society.]
+
+
+
+
+Replies.
+
+CONVOCATION OF YORK.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 368.)
+
+This body (of which I am a member) ought to meet on the same occasions
+with that of Canterbury; but owing to the neglect or the wilfulness of
+its officials, many omissions and mistakes occur. I have heard a
+commission to _further_ adjourn the Convocation, from a day to which it
+previously stood adjourned, read the day _after_ that on which it ought
+to have assembled, but which day had arrived and passed without any one
+recollecting the fact! Our Convocation appears at no time to have acted
+a very prominent part, though its constitution is far better fitted for
+a working synod than that of the southern province. In the latter the
+_parochial_ clergy are so inadequately represented as to be much
+outnumbered by the _dignitaries_ appointed by the crown and the bishops;
+but in York there are _two_ proctors chosen by the clergy of _each_
+archdeaconry and peculiar jurisdiction, and _two_ by each cathedral
+chapter; thus affording a complete counterpoise to the deans and
+archdeacons who are members _ex officio_. Another peculiarity in the
+Convocation of York is, that it assembles in _one_ house, the bishops
+commonly appearing by their proxies (priests), and the archbishop
+presiding by his commissioner, who is always the dean, or one of the
+residentiary canons of York.
+
+In 1462 (_temp._ Archbishop Booth) the Convocation of York decreed that
+such constitutions of the province of Canterbury as were not prejudicial
+to those of York should be received, incorporated, and deemed as their
+own (Wilkins's _Concilia_, vol. iii. p. 580.). Under Archbishop
+Grenefeld it was decreed that since the Archbishop of York hath no
+superior in spirituals except the Pope, no appeals should be suffered to
+the Archbishop of Canterbury (p. 663.). At an earlier period the
+northern metropolitan laid claim to all England north of the Humber,
+with the whole realm of Scotland (Wilkins, vol. i. pp. 325, 479, &c.).
+In a provincial council at London, A.D. 1175, his jurisdiction was
+denied over the sees of Lincoln, _Chester_, Worcester, and Hereford,
+upon which he appealed to the Pope. With the exception of Chester,
+however, none of these sees were finally retained in the province.
+
+The next year we are told that, in a (national) council at Westminster,
+the Pope's legate presiding, the Archbishop of York, "disdaining to sit
+at the left hand of the legate, forced himself into the lap of the
+Archbishop of Canterbury, but was immediately _knocked down_ by the
+other bishops and clergy, severely beaten, and thrust out of the
+council!" (Hoveden ap. Wilkins, vol. i. p. 485.) How far the Northern
+Convocation supported their burly prelate in these claims I do not know;
+but I _note_ that in those days the disorderly conduct of the clergy was
+_not_ made a pretext for the indefinite suspension of synodical
+functions; and I _query_ whether the clergy might not be trusted to
+behave quite as well in the nineteenth century.
+
+But to return to the Convocation of York. There is a curious letter,
+A.D. 1661, from Accepted Frewen, Archbishop of York, to the Convocation,
+desiring them to send up to London some of their members duly
+commissioned on their part to sit with the Lower House of Canterbury
+for the review of the Liturgy. In this letter the archbishop says that
+himself and the other bishops of the province were sitting _with the
+bishops of the southern province in their House_. A similar expedient
+for constituting a _quasi_-national synod seems to have been resorted to
+upon some earlier occasions; but the Convocation of York still passed in
+due form by their own separate decree what was so agreed upon. The
+Articles were thus subscribed by our Convocation in 1571, and the Canons
+in 1604 and 1640.
+
+Since then the Convocation of York has been regularly summoned, met,
+adjourned, and been prorogued, without even the dutiful address to the
+crown, which is regularly discussed and adopted in Canterbury. In the
+year 1847, a spasmodic attempt at life was manifested in this venerable
+and ill-used institution. Archbishop Harcourt had consented that an
+address to the crown should be adopted, and himself procured a draft to
+be approved by the bishops. His grace however died before the day of
+meeting. Some difficulty was experienced by the officials, both in York
+and London, as to the course to be pursued; but a precedent having been
+pointed out in the reign of James I., when Archbishop Hutton died after
+summoning the Convocation and before its assembly, a writ was issued
+from the crown to the dean and chapter at York to elect a _præses_ for
+the Convocation during the vacancy of the archbishoprick. They appointed
+the canon who happened to be in residence; an unusually large attendance
+was given; the Convocation was opened, the names called over, and then
+the officials had reached the limit of their experience; according to
+_their_ precedents we ought all to have been sent away. The address
+however was called on by the _præses_, being apparently quite unaware
+that a _prolocutor_ should be chosen by the clergy before they proceeded
+to business. Such an officer probably seemed to the dignitary already in
+the chair like a _second King of Brentford_ "smelling at one rose," and
+the demand was refused. Further difficulties ensued, of course, the
+moment the debate was opened; and finally, the _præses_, determined not
+to be tempted out of his depth, rose all at once, and read the fatal
+_formula_ which restored our glorious Chapter House to its silent
+converse with the ghosts. The Convocation has never since been heard of.
+
+    CAN EBOR.
+
+
+THE OLD COUNTESS OF DESMOND.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 305.)
+
+If your correspondent A. B. R. will refer to Walpole's _Fugitive Pieces_
+he will find a minute inquiry into the person and age of this long-lived
+lady. This is doubtless the dissertation alluded to by C. (Vol. ii., p.
+219.) Pennant has _two_ notices of the countess in his Scotch tours. In
+that of 1769 (which somewhat strangely follows the one of 1772), he
+gives at p. 87. the engraving spoken of (Vol. iv., p. 306.), apparently
+taken from the original at Dupplin Castle. It differs a little from R.'s
+description of another portrait, as the cloak is strapped over the
+chest, not held by a button. In 1772 Pennant again describes this
+portrait in his _Tour in Scotland_, vol. ii. p. 88., and speaks of four
+others, viz., first, at Devonshire House; second, at the Hon. John
+Yorke's seat, near Cheltenham; third, at Mr. Scott's, printer; and the
+fourth, in the Standard Closet, Windsor Castle. At the back of the last
+is written with a pen "Rembrandt." "A mistake (says P.) as Rembrandt was
+not fourteen years of age (he was indeed only eight) in 1614, at which
+time it is certain the countess was not living."
+
+In my copy of the _Fugitive Pieces_ (the Strawberry Hill edition,
+presented by Walpole to Cole), I find the following manuscript note by
+Cole; _an amplification of the_ passage from Walpole's letters quoted at
+p. 306.:--
+
+  "Being at Strawberry Hill in April, 1773, I saw there a copy of
+  the picture commonly attributed to the old Countess of Desmond;
+  but Mr. Walpole told me that there is sufficient proof that it is
+  a painter's mother, I think Rembrandt's. However, by a letter from
+  Mr. Lort, April 15, 1774, he assures me that on Mr. Pennant's
+  calling at Strawberry Hill to see this picture, he was much
+  chagrined at having a print of it engraved for his book, till Mr.
+  Lort revived him by carrying him to a garret in Devonshire House,
+  where was a picture of this same countess with her name on it,
+  exactly corresponding to his engraved print. I remember a
+  tolerable good old picture of her at Mr. Dicey's, prebendary of
+  Bristol, at Walton in Bucks."
+
+Walpole could not dismiss Pennant without a disparaging remark. He is "a
+superficial man, and knows little of history or antiquity; but he has a
+violent rage for being an author." Those who live in glass houses should
+not throw stones: Pennant would not have displayed the ignorance which
+Walpole exhibits in the instance before us. In an inscription, which the
+latter gives, on a Countess of Desmond buried at Sligo, occurs the
+following contraction: "Desmoniæ _Noie_ Elizabetha." Walpole says
+(_Fugitive Pieces_, p. 204.), "This word I can make no sense of, but
+_sic originale_; I take it to be redundancy of the carver. It seems to
+be a repetition of the last three syllables of Desmoniæ!"
+
+The sarcastic observations which Walpole passes on the Society of
+Antiquaries, its members, and its publications, are so frequent and so
+bitter, that they must have been founded on some offence not to be
+pardoned. Were the remarks on the "Historic Doubts" by the president,
+Dean Milles, and by the Rev. Robert Masters (printed in the first two
+volumes of the _Archæologia_), regarded as satisfactorily confuting
+Walpole's arguments; or did he aim, but unsuccessfully, at the
+president's chair?
+
+    J. H. M.
+
+  Bath.
+
+
+COINS OF VABALATHUS.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 255.)
+
+There have been many attempts to explain the puzzling VCRIMDR, on the
+supposition that a Latin sentence was concealed under these letters.
+Pinkerton suggested "Voluntate Cæsaris Romani Imperatoris Maximi Domini,
+Rex." I hope to offer a better solution, which, although not new, has
+been passed over, I believe, by all subsequent writers. The Rev. George
+North, in the _Museum Meadianum_, p. 97., gives the following note:
+"Apud Arabes accepi verbum Karama significare Honoravit, a quo Ucrima,
+et Ucrim; quo sensu respondet hoc Arabicum Τῷ Σεβαστῷ apud
+Græcos." On applying to a well-known scholar and linguist here, I found
+that from the verb _Karama_ there was derived the adjective _Kar[=i]mat_
+(nobilis), from which again the superlative _Akram_ comes. There can, I
+think, be little doubt that the word VCRIMDR is originally derived from
+this verb _Karama_, and that it is most probably equivalent to
+_Nobilissimus_, a title so common shortly afterwards, as applied to the
+heirs to the empire.[3]
+
+  [Footnote 3: "_Nobilissimus_, in the Byzantine historians, is
+  synonymous with Cæsar."--_Niebuhr._]
+
+The word ϹΡΩΙΑϹ or ϹΡΙΑϹ, which appears on the
+Alexandrian coins of this prince, is of more difficult explanation. Some
+think it a prænomen, some a Syriac or other Eastern title, perhaps
+corresponding to VCRIMDR. Pellerin thought so. I hope some Oriental
+scholar will direct his attention to this point. These coins are very
+often ill struck, so that the part of the legend below the head, where
+the word in question is found, is indistinct, for which reason I suppose
+MR. TAYLOR has followed the erroneous reading of Banduri, ΕΡΜΙΑϹ
+(properly ϵΡΜΙΑϹ, with lunate epsilon) for ϹΡΩΙΑϹ,
+which has been corrected by Eckhel. Of three specimens which I
+possess, one only reads clearly ϹΡΩΙΑϹ, from the
+above-mentioned cause, but it is unquestionably the correct reading on
+all. The best arrangement of the legend, from analogy with those forms
+used by the Romans, is as follows:
+
+      ΑΥΤοκρατωρ . ϹΡΩΙΑϹ . ΟΥΑΒΑΛΛΑΘΟϹ . ΑΘΗΝΟδωρου . Υιος.
+
+The existence of coins, of which I possess a specimen also, reading
+
+      Α . ϹΡΙΑϹ . ΟΥΑΒΑΛΛΑΘΟϹ . ΑΘΗΝ . Υ.
+
+shows that we must not read ΑΘΗΝΟΥ as one word, but must
+divide it as above. I think MR. TAYLOR will find his specimen to read as
+the last-mentioned coin, the ΕΡ (properly ϵΡ) being ϹΡ, and the ΑΥ
+in like manner ΑϹ. My coin gives the whole legend distinctly, and
+I can vouch for the exactitude of the above legend.
+
+I believe there appeared some years ago, in the _Revue de Numismatique_,
+an article on the coins of the Zenobian family, but I do not remember
+when it was published, nor the conclusions to which the writer came.
+That is, however, the most recent investigation of the subject, and to
+it I must refer MR. TAYLOR, as I have not access to that periodical
+here.
+
+Sir Gardner Wilkinson has published in the _Numismatic Chronicle_, vol.
+vii. or viii., an inscription containing the names of Zenobia and
+Vabalathus. After the name of Vabalathus, who has the title of
+Autocrator, is the word ΑΘΗΝΟΔΩΡΟΥ, which justifies the
+reading Αθηνοδωρου Υιος on the coins. Vabalathus is thus
+probably the son of Zenobia by a former husband, Athenodorus, while
+bearing himself the same name, as Vabalathus (better Vaballathus, as on
+the Alexandrian coins) is said to be equivalent to Athenodorus, Gift of
+Pallas.
+
+    W. H. S.
+
+  Edinburgh.
+
+
+MARRIAGE OF ECCLESIASTICS.
+
+(Vol. iv., pp. 57, 125, 193, 196, 298.)
+
+I entirely agree with you that your pages are not a fit battle-ground
+for theological controversy. Still, since the question of the
+translation of Heb. xiii. 4. has been mooted, I beg with much deference
+to suggest that it will not be quite right to let it fall to the ground
+unsettled, especially since CEPHAS has thought fit to charge those of
+our Reformers who translated the Scriptures with mistranslating
+advisedly, and with propagating new doctrines.
+
+CEPHAS'S version of the passage is right, and our English version is
+wrong; but the fault lies in the ignorance of our translators, an
+ignorance which they shared with all the scholars of their day, and many
+not bad scholars of our own, of the effect produced on the force of the
+article by the relation in which it stands to the other words in the
+clause, in point of order. ὁ τίμιος γάμος is "the honourable
+marriage;" ὁ τίμιος γάμος ἐστί is "the honourable marriage
+is;" ὁ γάμος τίμιος is untranslateable, unless you supply
+ἐστί, and then it means "the marriage" (or, marriage in
+general, in the abstract) "is honourable." But ἔστω might be
+supplied, as it is in Heb. xiii. 4., when it will mean, "let marriage be
+honourable:" and τίμιος ὁ γάμος has just the same meaning,
+with perhaps this difference, that the emphasis falls more distinctly on
+τίμιος. The circumstance that the mere assertion that marriage
+is honourable in all (men or things), true as it is in itself, ill
+accords with the tenor of the passage of which it forms a part, which is
+hortatory, not assertive, is a good reason why CEPHAS'S version should
+be preferred. But when we find afterwards the words καὶ ἡ κοίτη
+ἀμίαντος, it is impossible to deny this hortatory force to the
+sentence; for those words cannot mean "the undefiled bed:" and to
+translate them "the (or their) bed is undefiled"--which is the only
+version which they will here bear, but one--would give but a feeble
+sense. That sole remaining sense is, "the bed (let it) be undefiled;"
+subaudite ἔστω in the verse is, "Let marriage be honourable in
+all" (men or things), "and the bed be undefiled; but (or for)
+whoremongers and adulterers God will judge." Had our translators known
+that ἡ κοίτη ἀμίαντος could not mean "the bed undefiled," they
+would at once have been driven to see that the verse is a commandment:
+and the commandment that marriage should be held honourable in all men
+(or in all respects), would have served the purpose of their doctrines
+quite as well as the affirmative form which they have given to their
+present version. I say, it would have served their purpose; but I say
+more: they heeded not what did or would serve their purpose. They looked
+only for the truth and disregarded all else in their pursuit of it. With
+regard to the controversy about ἐν πᾶσι, it is immaterial which
+version be adopted. MR. WALTER is right in the rule which he enunciates,
+if he means that in those cases of adjectives in which the masculine and
+neuter forms are the same, "man" or "men," not "thing" or "things," must
+be understood: but it is not always observed, even in classical writers,
+either in Latin or in Greek. There is no reason why it should be broken
+here; and I do not believe it is broken. It must have been only by a
+slip of CEPHAS'S pen that he called πᾶσι a feminine adjective.
+It undoubtedly refers to both sexes. I wish E. A. D. had given the Greek
+of the passages from Chrysostom and Augustine, of which he has
+communicated the Oxford translation, which is as likely to err, perhaps,
+as any other. Jerome's Latin, like the Vulgate, though the words are not
+precisely the same, gives a literal version of the Greek, without
+supplying any verb at all, either _est_ or _sit_, and, since the Latin
+has not that expressive power in cases like this which the article gives
+to the Greek, leaves the passage obscure and undecided.
+
+    THEOPHYLACT.
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_"Crowns have their Compass," &c._ (Vol. iv., p. 294.).--The lines
+alluded to by your correspondent MR. ABSALON form a inscription on a
+portrait of King James I. in the Cracherode Collection. (Vide Beloe's
+_Anecdotes_, vol. i. p. 210.)
+
+      "Crownes have their compasse, length of dayes their date,
+      Triumphes their tombes, felicitie her fate;
+      Of more than earth can earth make none partaker,
+      But knowledge makes the king most like his Maker."
+
+I am aware that this reference does not go to the "root of the matter,"
+if MR. ABSALON wishes to ascertain the author's name; but it may serve
+as a clue to further discovery.
+
+    MARGARET GATTY.
+
+  Ecclesfield.
+
+It is quite obvious what lines your correspondent alludes to, though the
+above quotation which he gives as the commencement of them is not quite
+correct, nor were they written with the object he supposes.
+
+I send a correct copy of them below, taken from Mr. Payne Collier's very
+interesting _Life of Shakspeare_, to whom they have always been
+attributed; and, it is said, with every show of reason. It is supposed
+they were written by him in the shape of a complimentary allusion to
+King James I., in grateful acknowledgment of the patronage bestowed by
+that monarch upon the stage. The subject is fully discussed at pp. 202,
+203. of Mr. Knight's volume, whence, indeed, the above information is
+derived; and he publishes the lines, as follows, stating then to be
+copied from a coeval manuscript in his possession:--
+
+      "SHAKSPEARE ON THE KING.
+
+      "Crowns have their compass--length of days their date--
+      Triumphs their tomb--felicity, her fate--
+      Of nought but earth can earth make us partaker,
+      But knowledge makes a king most like his Maker."
+
+Some one, to make the allusion more complete, that is, to over-do it,
+changed "_a_ king" into "_the_ king" in a subsequent publication of the
+lines. But this, as Mr. Payne Collier very justly feels, completely
+spoils the whole complexion of the epigram, and perverts a fine allusion
+into a raw personality.
+
+    J. J. A.
+
+_The Rev. Richard Farmer_ (Vol. iv., pp. 379.[4] 407.).--The
+observations of BOLTON CORNEY upon my incidental mention of Dr. Farmer,
+are, I think, wholly unwarranted, both in substance and manner,
+especially as he himself furnishes ample confirmation of its truth.
+
+  [Footnote 4: At page 379., second column, fifth line from bottom,
+  for "thrice" read "twice."]
+
+Taking his quotations in due order--
+
+1. The certificate of Dr. Farmer's character for learning and ability is
+unnecessary, because neither was impugned; nor does an allegation of
+atrocity in taste and judgment necessarily imply deficiency in mere
+book-learning.
+
+2. As for Isaac Reed's opinion in favour of Farmer's Essay, it might be
+met by many of directly opposite tendency, and of at least equal weight.
+
+3. In the only point really in question, BOLTON CORNEY "cannot deny that
+Farmer related the anecdote of the _wool-man_" (that being the reputed
+trade of Shakspeare's father); but to what end was it related, if not
+to suggest an application of which Steevens was only the interpreter?
+
+But BOLTON CORNEY thinks the character of the witness suspicious; he
+forgets that only just before he had stated that the anecdote and its
+application had been repeated in three editions, extending over thirteen
+years, all within the lifetime of Dr. Farmer!
+
+    A. E. B.
+
+  Leeds.
+
+_Earwig_ (Vol. iv., pp. 274. 411.).--The correspondent who asserts the
+_curious fact_ that Johnson, Richardson, and Webster do not notice the
+word _earwig_ must have consulted some expurgated editions of the works
+of those celebrated lexicographers--or else we must consider his
+assertion as a _curious fact_ in the history of literary oversights.
+
+    BOLTON CORNEY.
+
+
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+Although there are few books which have proved of greater utility to
+inquirers into the more recent history of England than Beatson's
+_Political Index_, yet it is also true that there are few which have
+more frequently or more justly caused the reader to feel the want of a
+new and improved edition. A very short examination, however, of Mr.
+Haydn's recently published Beatson's _Political Index Modernised, The
+Book of Dignities, containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the
+British Empire, Civil, Ecclesiastical, Judicial, Military, Naval, and
+Municipal, &c._, will satisfy the reader that such want has at length
+been supplied in a manner the most ample and the most satisfactory. For
+though we have referred to Beatson's well-known work for the purpose of
+furnishing a better idea of the _Book of Dignities_, we are bound to
+acknowledge that Mr. Haydn is justified in stating, that in the work in
+question he owes little more than the plan to Beatson. Mr. Haydn's
+volume not only contains many lists (among them the "Administrations of
+England, and the Judges of the Ecclesiastical Courts") not to be found
+in the _Political Index_, but the author has had the advantage of being
+permitted to search the various official records with the view of
+enabling him to give complete and accurate information. The result, of
+course, is obvious; namely, that just in the same proportion that our
+author surpasses Beatson in the extent and accuracy of his various
+lists, does the _Book of Dignities_ exceed its predecessor in usefulness
+to the official man, the historian, and the scholar.
+
+Mr. Hunt's experience as a public lecturer at the various literary and
+scientific institutions of the country, having convinced him that for
+the majority of the members of those institutions most of the existing
+works on natural philosophy are of too abstruse and technical a
+character--are, in short, sealed books,--he has been led to publish a
+small volume which we have no doubt will soon become extremely popular.
+It is entitled _Elementary Physics, an Introduction to the Study of
+Natural Philosophy_; and, as its object is to teach physical science so
+far as to render all the great deductions from observation and
+experiment satisfactorily clear, without encountering the difficulty of
+mathematics,--and no one is better able to do this, and throw a charm
+over such a subject, than the author of the _Poetry of Science_,--the
+work, which is illustrated with upwards of two hundred woodcuts, will be
+found eminently useful; not only to those who have neither time nor
+opportunity to carry their studies beyond its pages, but especially as a
+"first book" to those in whom it may awaken the desire for a more
+perfect knowledge of the beautiful and important truths of which it
+treats.
+
+The nature of the _Hand Atlas of Physical Geography, consisting of a
+Series of Maps and Illustrations, showing the Geographical Distribution
+of Natural Phenomena, embracing the Divisions of Geology, Hydrography,
+Meteorology, Natural History: from the Physikalischer Atlas of Berghaus,
+and the Maps of the Erdkunde, drawn by and under the immediate
+Superintendence of Drs. Ritter and Kiepert, Oetzel, Grimm, &c., by the
+Editor of the University Atlas of the Middle Ages_, is sufficiently
+described by its ample title-page; which shows, moreover, that the work
+is not a mere copy or reduction of the great atlas of Berghaus, on which
+it is founded. As a companion to the works of Humboldt, Mrs. Somerville,
+and other writers on physical geography, it will be found most useful;
+while its convenient size, and moderate price, place it within the reach
+of almost all classes of readers.
+
+CATALOGUES RECEIVED.--Nattali and Bond's (23. Bedford Street) Catalogue
+Part II. of Ancient and Modern Books; Adam Holden's (60. High Street,
+Exeter) Catalogue Part XXXIII. of Second-hand Books in Excellent
+Condition; B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue
+No. 37. of Books in Oriental Literature; J. Russell Smith's (4. Old
+Compton Street, Soho) Catalogue Part VII. of an Extensive Collection of
+Choice, Useful, and Curious Books.
+
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+HUNTER'S DEANERY OF DONCASTER. Vol. I. Large or small paper.
+
+CLARE'S RURAL MUSE.
+
+CHRISTIAN PIETY FREED FROM THE DELUSIONS OF MODERN ENTHUSIASTS. A.D.
+1756 or 1757.
+
+AN ANSWER TO FATHER HUDDLESTONE'S SHORT AND PLAIN WAY TO THE FAITH AND
+CHURCH. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo.
+
+REASONS FOR ABROGATING THE TEST IMPOSED UPON ALL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT.
+By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to.
+
+LEWIS'S LIFE OF CAXTON. 8vo. 1737.
+
+CATALOGUE OF JOSEPH AMES'S LIBRARY. 8vo. 1760.
+
+TRAPP'S COMMENTARY. Folio. Vol. I.
+
+WHITLAY'S PARAPHRASE ON THE NEW TESTAMENT. Folio. Vol. I. 1706.
+
+LONG'S ASTRONOMY. 4to. 1742.
+
+MAD. D'ARBLAY'S DIARY. Vol. II 1842.
+
+ADAMS' MORAL TALES.
+
+AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF DR. JOHNSON. 1805.
+
+  [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,
+  _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND
+  QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+J. NORTH _will find his Query respecting the_ Zollverein _answered in
+our_ 3rd Vol. p. 451. _His others shall appear shortly._
+
+LOVELACE'S POEMS. D. H. M. C. _is informed that these were reprinted in
+1817, under the editorship of our valued correspondent_ MR. SINGER.
+
+J. RAYNER, _who asks for names of present reigning sovereigns, of
+presidents of the United States for the last thirty years, and of the
+governors-general of India, is referred to Mr. Haydn's_ Book of
+Dignities _(noticed in our present number), where he will find all the
+information of which he is in search._
+
+W. S. W. _Many thanks for your kind reminder. The article is in type,
+although omitted this week from want of room._
+
+J. S. B. _is thanked. Such a list would be most useful._
+
+REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Pope's Honest Factor--Serpent with Human
+Head--Marriage of Ecclesiastics--Hobbes's Leviathan--Definition of
+Truth--Wearing Gloves before Royalty--Derivation of Earwig--Dictionary
+of Hackneyed Quotations--Passage in Campbell--"'Tis Twopence
+now"--Cozens the Painter--"Acu tinali meridi"--Nightingale and Thorn,
+&c.--Theodolite--Temple of Ægina--Ashen Fagots--Cause of
+Transparency--Praed's Charade--Marriages in ruined Churches--Age of
+Trees--Joceline's Legacy--St. Bene't Fink--Bristol Tables--"A little
+Bird told me"--Lycian Inscriptions--Tuden Aled._
+
+_Copies of our_ Prospectus, _according to the suggestion of_ T. E. H.,
+_will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by
+circulating them._
+
+VOLS. I., II., _and_ III., _with very copious Indices, may still be had,
+price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth._
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES _is published at noon on Friday, so that our country
+Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped
+Edition is 10s. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office
+Order drawn in favour of our Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, 186 Fleet
+Street; _to whose care all communications for the Editor should be
+addressed._
+
+_Errata._--Page 345, for "FERMILODUM" read "FERMILODVNI;" p. 394. col.
+1. l. 34. for "Danish" read "Dutch;" p. 395. col. 1. l. 19. for
+"Dunfe_r_line" read "Dunfermline."
+
+
+
+
+This day are published at the
+
+      UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD,
+
+  THE LIFE OF JAMES DUKE OF ORMOND; containing an account of the
+  most remarkable affairs of his time, and particularly of Ireland
+  under his government: with an Appendix and a Collection of
+  Letters, serving to verify the most material facts in the said
+  History. A new Edition, carefully compared with the original MSS.
+  6 vols. 8vo. Price 2_l._ 6_s._ in boards.
+
+  NOVUM TESTAMENTUM GRÆCUM. Accedunt parallela S. Scripturæ loca,
+  necnon vetus capitulorum notatio et canones Eusebii. 18mo. Price
+  3_s._ in boards.
+
+  THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT CONNECTED in the History of the Jews and
+  Neighbouring Nations, from the declension of the Kingdoms of
+  Israel and Judah to the time of Christ. By HUMPHREY PRIDEAUX, Dean
+  of Norwich. 2 vols. 8vo. Price 14_s._ in boards.
+
+  FASTI HELLENICI. The Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece and
+  Rome, from the CXXIVth Olympiad to the Death of Augustus. By HENRY
+  FYNES CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. Second
+  Edition, with additions. 4to. Price 1_l._ 12_s._ in boards.
+
+  An EPITOME of the the Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece from
+  the earliest Accounts to the Death of Augustus, By HENRY FYNES
+  CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. 8vo. Price
+  6_s._ 6_d._ in boards.
+
+  ÆSCHYLI Tragoediæ Superstites et Deperditarum Fragmenta ex
+  recensione G. DINDORFII. Tomus III. Scholia Græca ex Codicibus
+  aucta et emendata. 8vo. Price 8_s._ 6_d._ in boards.
+
+  Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and 377. Strand, London: and E.
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+Churches of the Middle Ages,
+
+  By HENRY BOWMAN and J. T. CROWTHER, Architects, Manchester.
+
+  No. XVI. published this day.
+
+  CONTENTS.
+
+  S. PETER'S CLAYPOLE, LINCOLNSHIRE,
+
+      Plate 1.--Plan and Elevation of Sedilia in Chancel.
+       "    2.--Details of Sedilia, and Plan, Elevation, and
+                Details of Locker.
+
+  S. JOHN'S WAPPENBURY, WARWICKSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 2.--East and South Elevations of Chancel.
+        "   3.--Details of Chancel.
+
+  S. MARY'S FRAMPTON, LINCOLNSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 1.--Ground Plan.
+
+  S. PETER'S THREEKINGHAM, LINCOLNSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 5.--Longitudinal Section.
+
+  Price 9_s._ plain; 10_s._ 6_d._ tinted; 12_s._ proofs, on large
+  paper.
+
+  GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+
+This day is published, price 2_s._ 6_d._,
+
+  A FEW REMARKS
+
+      ON
+      A PAMPHLET BY MR. SHILLETO,
+      ENTITLED
+      "THUCYDIDES OR GROTE?"
+
+  Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON; London: GEORGE BELL; Oxford: J. H.
+  PARKER.
+
+
+TEN GUINEAS REWARD.
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+
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+  For any evidence of the Death or Burial of PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of
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+
+  Communications upon these points are to be transmitted to "The
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+
+
+December 1.
+
+  THE ART-JOURNAL, for DECEMBER, completes the Third Volume of the
+  New Series, for 1851; and contains the Title, Dedication to Prince
+  Albert, Table of Contents, &c.
+
+  The Volume of
+
+  THE ART-JOURNAL FOR 1851,
+
+  is this day published, containing Thirty-six Engravings on steel,
+  and several hundred Engravings on wood. Price 31_s._ 6_d._
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+
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+  Active preparations are in progress for introducing several marked
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+
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+Cloth 1_s._, pp. 169, by post 1_s._ 6_d._
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+VERY IMPORTANT MANUSCRIPTS.
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+  December 4, a collection of valuable Manuscripts, including many
+  important Records of English Counties and Families, Deeds and
+  Charters from a very early date, some having interesting and
+  curious seals; numerous Original Documents relating to English
+  monasteries; large collection of Drawings of Antiquities in
+  various English counties, particularly Gloucestershire; most
+  interesting MS. relating to London; Libellus Beati Misericordis, a
+  legendary MS. of about the year 1350; "The Booke that ys cleped
+  the Mirrour of the Blissed Liffe of Jhesu Criste," an English MS.
+  of about the year 1449; Churchwardens' Accounts for Berkhampstead,
+  1585 to 1746, an important MS.; the unpublished Diary of Walter
+  Yonge, 1640 to 1649, 6 vols.; Diary of the Rev. J. Hopkins, A.D.
+  1700; Gemistus and Phurnutus, an important Greek MS. of the
+  fifteenth century; some interesting Italian Historical MSS., and
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+
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+In 2 vols. imperial 8vo., price 4_l._ 10_s._ Illustrated by upwards of
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+
+  THE IMPERIAL DICTIONARY, English, Technological, and Scientific;
+  adapted to the present State of Literature, Science, and Art, on
+  the Basis of "Webster's English Dictionary;" with the Addition of
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+  Dictionaries and Encyclopædias, and from numerous other sources;
+  comprising all Words purely English, and the principal and most
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+  authorities.
+
+  CHARACTER OF THE WORK.
+
+  This work is admitted to be superior to any Dictionary hitherto
+  offered to the public. See opinions in Prospectus from Rev. James
+  Robertson, D.D., Professor of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History,
+  University of Edinburgh; Rev. Phillip Killand, M.A., Professor of
+  Mathematics, University of Edinburgh; Rev. John Fleming, D.D.,
+  Professor of Natural Science, New College, Edinburgh; Rev. Thomas
+  Luby, Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin; James Thomson,
+  LL.D., Professor of Mathematics, University of Glasgow.
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+
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+  BOOK OF SCOTTISH BALLADS; a Comprehensive Collection of the
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+
+  =Ashmole's= Institution, Laws, and Ceremonies of the Order of the
+  Garter, fine plates by Hollar, with an Autograph Letter of Ashmole
+  inserted, folio, neat. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1672.
+
+  =Anderson's= Royal Genealogies, best edition, folio, neat. 2_l._
+  1736.
+
+  =Banks's= Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England, with
+  Supplement, 4 vols. 4to. hf. bd. calf. 1_l._ 16_s._ 1807-37.
+
+  ---- Baronia Anglica Concentrata; or, An Account of Baronies in
+  Fee, with the Proofs of Parliamentary Sitting from the Reign of
+  Edward I., 2 vols. 4to. 1_l._ 1_s._ 1844.
+
+  =Bracton= De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliæ, best edition,
+  folio, very neat. 2_l._ 2_s._ 1569.
+
+  =Britton's= Cathedral Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates,
+  large paper, 6 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. uncut. 15_l._ 15_s._
+  1814-36.
+
+  ---- Architectural= Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates,
+  large paper, 4 vols. royal 4to. russia extra. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1807-14.
+
+  =Berry's= Encyclopædia of Heraldry, plates, 3 vols. 4to. cf. gt.
+  3_l._ 3_s._ 1820.
+
+  =Bibliotheca= Topographica Britannica (Nichols's) a Collection of
+  Topographical, Antiquarian, and Biographical Tracts, 8 thick vols.
+  4to. boards, very scarce 14_l._ 14_s._ 1780-90.
+
+  =Collectanea= Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols. royal 8vo.
+  5_l._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1834-43.
+
+  =Carte's History of the Life of James Duke of Ormonde, 1610-88, 3
+  vols. folio, very neat. 3_l._ 15_s._ 1735-6.
+
+  =Chronicles= of England and France, by Froissart and Monstrelet,
+  translated by JOHNES, with the Memoirs of Froissart and John Lord
+  de Joinville, plates, 9 vols. royal 4to. fine set, russia extra.
+  12_l._ 12_s._ 1803-10.
+
+  =Devonshire.=--Oliver's Monasticon Diocesis Exoniensis, fine
+  plates, folio, calf extra. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1846.
+
+  =Domesday= Book, with the Introduction and Indexes, also the
+  Supplements, 4 vols. folio, new, hf. bd. calf. 7_l._ 10_s._
+  1783-1816.
+
+  =Dibdin's= Bibliographical, Antiquarian, and Picturesque Tour in
+  France and Germany, fine plates, best edition, 3 vols. royal 8vo.
+  russia extra. 6_l._ 10_s._ 1821.
+
+  =Drummond's= Histories of Noble British Families, numerous fine
+  Plates, some in colours. 2 vols. royal folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+  21_l._ 1846.
+
+  =Dugdale's= History of the Imbanking and Draining of Fens, &c.,
+  plates, folio, very neat. 2_l._ 1772.
+
+  =Dumont= et Rousset, Corps Universel Diplomatique du Droit des
+  Gens, ou Recueil de Traites de Paix, de Treve, &c. &c. 30 vols.
+  large paper, folio, fine copy, calf. 10_l._ 10_s._ 1726-39.
+
+  =Essex.=--Morant's History of the County, plates, best edition, 2
+  vols. folio, uncut. 6_l._ 6_s._ 1768.
+
+  =Fenn's= Original Letters of the Paston Family, written during the
+  reigns of Henry VI., Edw. IV., &c., 5 vols. 4to. fine copy in
+  russia, very scarce. 6_l._ 16_s._ 6_d._ 1787-1823.
+
+  =Fosbrooke's= Encyclopædia of Antiquities, with the Foreign
+  Topography, plates, best edition, 3 vols. 4to. calf extra. 2_l._
+  15_s._ 1823-8.
+
+  =Fox's= Book of Martyrs, numerous curious cuts, &c. 3 vols. folio
+  calf, very neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._ 1641.
+
+  =Fuller's= Worthies of England, with the Index, folio, very neat,
+  2_l._ 2_s._ 1662.
+
+  =Grimaldi's= Origines Genealogicæ, 4to. calf gilt, scarce, 2_l._
+  2_s._ 1828.
+
+  =Gough's= Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain fine plates, large
+  folio. 1786-96.
+
+  ---- British Topography, an Account of what has been done for
+  illustrating Topographical Antiquities, 2 vols. 4to. very neat.
+  1_l._ 8_s._ 1780.
+
+  =Grose's= Antiquities of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland,
+  several hundred plates, 12 vols. imperial 8vo. russia. 8_l._ 8_s._
+  1784, &c.
+
+  =Guillim's= Heraldry, fine plates, best edition, thick folio,
+  neat. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1724.
+
+  =Hertfordshire.=--Chauncy's History of the County, plates,
+  including the scarce ones, fine copy, calf. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1700.
+
+  =Hertfordshire.=--Clutterbuck's History of the County, fine
+  plates, 3 vols. folio, very clean copy, in boards, 11_l._ 11_s._
+  (Published at 18_l._ 18_s._) 1815-27.
+
+  =Lelandi= de Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, cum T. Hearnii,
+  plates, 6 vols, 8vo. neat. 2_l._ 16_s._ 1770.
+
+  =Lysons'= Magna Britannia, an Account of the Counties of Beds,
+  Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cornwall, Cumberland, Derby,
+  and Devon, many plates, 6 vols, 4to. hf. bd. neat. 3_l._ 13_s._
+  6_d._ 1806-22.
+
+  ---- Account of the Environs of London, with the Supplement,
+  plates, best edition, 6 vols. 4to. half russia. 3_l._ 10_s._
+  1792-6.
+
+  =London.=--Stow's Survey, many plates, best edition by Strype, 2
+  vols. folio, fine copy in russia. 1754.
+
+  ---- Wilkinson's Graphic and Historical Illustrations, 207
+  interesting plates, 2 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._
+  1819-25.
+
+  =Madox's Firma Burgi, Baronia Anglica, Formulare Anglicanum, and
+  History of the Exchequer, large paper. 4 vols. folio, russia, gilt
+  edges. 3_l._ 16_s._ 1727. &c.
+
+  =Manuscripts in the British Museum.--Catalogues of the Cottonian,
+  Harleian, and Lansdowne Collections, 6 vols. folio. 5_l._ 10_s._
+  1802-19.
+
+  =Montfaucon= (B. De), Les Monumens de la Monarchie Française,
+  numerous fine plates, 5 vols. folio, neat in calf, scarce. 8_l._
+  18_s._ 6_d._ Paris, 1729-33.
+
+  =Meyrick's= Ancient Armour, last edition, much enlarged, fine
+  coloured engravings, 3 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco. 8_l._ 18_s._
+  6_d._ 1844.
+
+  =Murphy's= Arabian Antiquities of Spain, 100 fine engravings,
+  large folio, hf. bd. morocco, 7_l._ 7_s._
+
+  =Neale's= Views of Seats, nearly 900 fine plates, proofs on India
+  paper, with descriptions, large paper, 11 vols. 4to. 12_l._
+  (Published at 55 guineas.) 1822-9.
+
+  =Nichols's= Progresses and Processions of Queen Elizabeth, also of
+  King James I., plates, 7 vols. 4to. fine copy, new in calf. 9_l._
+  1823-8.
+
+  =Norfolk.=--Blomefield and Parkin's History of the County, plates,
+  large paper, 11 vols. 4to. fine copy, calf. 9_l._ 1805-10.
+
+  ---- and Suffolk.--Cotman's Engravings of the Sepulchral Brasses
+  in those Counties, original edition, folio, hf. bd. 2_l._ 15_s._
+  1819.
+
+  ---- another new edition enlarged, 2 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+  4_l._ 14_s._ 6_d._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1838.
+
+  ---- Cotman's Architectural Antiquities of the County, 240 fine
+  plates, with Descriptions by Rickman, 2 vols. large folio, hf. bd.
+  morocco. 7_l._ 7_s._ 1838.
+
+  =Nottinghamshire.=--Thoroton's History of the County, with
+  additions by Thoresby, plates, 3 vols. 4to. very neat. 2_l_ 15_s._
+  1797.
+
+  =Oxfordshire.=--Plat's History of the County, best edition, folio,
+  fine copy, calf. 1_l._ 10_s._ 1705.
+
+  ---- Skelton's Antiquities of the County, fine plates, royal 4to.
+  calf extra. 2_l._ 8_s._
+
+  ---- The same, with the Oxonia Antiqua Restaurata, the Colleges,
+  Halls, &c. and the Record of Oxford Founders, 4 vols. royal 4to.
+  cloth. 6_l._ 10_s._ (Published at 24_l._) 1823-8.
+
+  =Painter's= Palace of Pleasure, a series of Tales which appeared
+  during the reign of Elizabeth, edited by Haslewood, 2 vols. 4to.
+  hf. russia, uncut. 2_l._ 15_s._ 1813.
+
+  =Picart's= Ceremonies and Religious Customs of various Nations,
+  fine plates, large paper, 7 vols. large folio, hf. bd. 5_l._ 1733.
+
+  =Rolls= (The) of Parliament, comprising the Petitions, Pleas, &c.,
+  from Edward I. to Henry VII., with Index, 7 vols. folio, hf. bd.
+  neat. 2_l._ 15_s._
+
+  =Sandford's= Genealogical History of the Kings and Queens of
+  England, best edition, by Stebbing, plates, fine copy. 6_l._
+  10_s._ 1707.
+
+  =Somersetshire.=--Collinson's History of the County, plates, with
+  some scarce additional ones inserted, 3 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd.
+  uncut. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1791.
+
+
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November 29, 1851.
+
+
+
+
+      [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV]
+
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. I.                                   |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.     | Date, Year        | Pages     | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No.  1 | November  3, 1849 |   1 -  17 | PG #  8603  |
+      | Vol. I No.  2 | November 10, 1849 |  18 -  32 | PG # 11265  |
+      | Vol. I No.  3 | November 17, 1849 |  33 -  46 | PG # 11577  |
+      | Vol. I No.  4 | November 24, 1849 |  49 -  63 | PG # 13513  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No.  5 | December  1, 1849 |  65 -  80 | PG # 11636  |
+      | Vol. I No.  6 | December  8, 1849 |  81 -  95 | PG # 13550  |
+      | Vol. I No.  7 | December 15, 1849 |  97 - 112 | PG # 11651  |
+      | Vol. I No.  8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652  |
+      | Vol. I No.  9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 10 | January   5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG #        |
+      | Vol. I No. 11 | January  12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653  |
+      | Vol. I No. 12 | January  19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575  |
+      | Vol. I No. 13 | January  26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 14 | February  2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558  |
+      | Vol. I No. 15 | February  9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929  |
+      | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193  |
+      | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 18 | March     2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544  |
+      | Vol. I No. 19 | March     9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638  |
+      | Vol. I No. 20 | March    16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409  |
+      | Vol. I No. 21 | March    23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958  |
+      | Vol. I No. 22 | March    30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 23 | April     6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505  |
+      | Vol. I No. 24 | April    13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925  |
+      | Vol. I No. 25 | April    20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747  |
+      | Vol. I No. 26 | April    27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 27 | May       4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712  |
+      | Vol. I No. 28 | May      11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684  |
+      | Vol. I No. 29 | May      18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197  |
+      | Vol. I No. 30 | May      25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. II.                                  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.      | Date, Year         | Pages   | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 31 | June  1, 1850      |   1- 15 | PG # 12589  |
+      | Vol. II No. 32 | June  8, 1850      |  17- 32 | PG # 15996  |
+      | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850      |  33- 48 | PG # 26121  |
+      | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850      |  49- 64 | PG # 22127  |
+      | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850      |  65- 79 | PG # 22126  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 36 | July  6, 1850      |  81- 96 | PG # 13361  |
+      | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850      |  97-112 | PG # 13729  |
+      | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850      | 113-128 | PG # 13362  |
+      | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850      | 129-143 | PG # 13736  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 40 | August  3, 1850    | 145-159 | PG # 13389  |
+      | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850    | 161-176 | PG # 13393  |
+      | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850    | 177-191 | PG # 13411  |
+      | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850    | 193-207 | PG # 13406  |
+      | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850    | 209-223 | PG # 13426  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 45 | September  7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427  |
+      | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462  |
+      | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936  |
+      | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 49 | October  5, 1850   | 289-304 | PG # 13480  |
+      | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850   | 305-320 | PG # 13551  |
+      | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850   | 321-351 | PG # 15232  |
+      | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850   | 353-367 | PG # 22624  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 53 | November  2, 1850  | 369-383 | PG # 13540  |
+      | Vol. II No. 54 | November  9, 1850  | 385-399 | PG # 22138  |
+      | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850  | 401-415 | PG # 15216  |
+      | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850  | 417-431 | PG # 15354  |
+      | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850  | 433-454 | PG # 15405  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 58 | December  7, 1850  | 457-470 | PG # 21503  |
+      | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850  | 473-486 | PG # 15427  |
+      | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850  | 489-502 | PG # 24803  |
+      | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850  | 505-524 | PG # 16404  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. III.                                 |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.       | Date, Year        | Pages   | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 62 | January  4, 1851  |   1- 15 | PG # 15638  |
+      | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851  |  17- 31 | PG # 15639  |
+      | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851  |  33- 47 | PG # 15640  |
+      | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851  |  49- 78 | PG # 15641  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 66 | February  1, 1851 |  81- 95 | PG # 22339  |
+      | Vol. III No. 67 | February  8, 1851 |  97-111 | PG # 22625  |
+      | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639  |
+      | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 70 | March  1, 1851    | 161-174 | PG # 23204  |
+      | Vol. III No. 71 | March  8, 1851    | 177-200 | PG # 23205  |
+      | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851    | 201-215 | PG # 23212  |
+      | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851    | 217-231 | PG # 23225  |
+      | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851    | 233-255 | PG # 23282  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 75 | April  5, 1851    | 257-271 | PG # 23402  |
+      | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851    | 273-294 | PG # 26896  |
+      | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851    | 297-311 | PG # 26897  |
+      | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851    | 313-342 | PG # 26898  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 79 | May  3, 1851      | 345-359 | PG # 26899  |
+      | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851      | 361-382 | PG # 32495  |
+      | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851      | 385-399 | PG # 29318  |
+      | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851      | 401-415 | PG # 28311  |
+      | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851      | 417-440 | PG # 36835  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 84 | June  7, 1851     | 441-472 | PG # 37379  |
+      | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851     | 473-488 | PG # 37403  |
+      | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851     | 489-511 | PG # 37496  |
+      | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851     | 513-528 | PG # 37516  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. IV.                                  |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol., No.       | Date, Year         | Pages   | PG # xxxxx |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 88  | July  5, 1851      |   1- 15 | PG # 37548 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 89  | July 12, 1851      |  17- 31 | PG # 37568 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 90  | July 19, 1851      |  33- 47 | PG # 37593 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 91  | July 26, 1851      |  49- 79 | PG # 37778 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 92  | August  2, 1851    |  81- 94 | PG # 38324 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 93  | August  9, 1851    |  97-112 | PG # 38337 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 94  | August 16, 1851    | 113-127 | PG # 38350 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 95  | August 23, 1851    | 129-144 | PG # 38386 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 96  | August 30, 1851    | 145-167 | PG # 38405 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No.  97 | Sept.  6, 1851     | 169-183 | PG # 38433 |
+      | Vol. IV No.  98 | Sept. 13, 1851     | 185-200 | PG # 38491 |
+      | Vol. IV No.  99 | Sept. 20, 1851     | 201-216 | PG # 38574 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851     | 217-246 | PG # 38656 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct.  4, 1851      | 249-264 | PG # 38701 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851      | 265-287 | PG # 38773 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851      | 289-303 | PG # 38864 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851      | 305-333 | PG # 38926 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov.  1, 1851      | 337-358 | PG # 39076 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov.  8, 1851      | 361-374 | PG # 39091 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851      | 377-396 | PG # 39135 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851      | 401-414 | PG # 39197 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850]             | PG # 13536 |
+      | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850     | PG # 13571 |
+      | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851     | PG # 26770 |
+      +------------------------------------------------+------------+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number
+109, November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
+
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109,
+November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109, November 29, 1851
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: March 23, 2012 [EBook #39233]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in
+brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on
+top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs
+indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been
+standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has
+been added at the end.]
+
+
+
+
+NOTES and QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
+
+FOR
+
+LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+VOL. IV.--No. 109. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29. 1851.
+
+Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+                                                                Page
+
+
+      NOTES:--
+
+      Thomas More and John Fisher                                417
+
+      Notes on Newspapers, by H. M. Bealby                       418
+
+      Treatise of Equivocation                                   419
+
+      Notes on Virgil, by Dr. Henry                              420
+
+      Minor Notes:--Verses presented, to General
+      Monck--Justice to Pope Pius V.                             421
+
+      QUERIES:--
+
+      Crosses and Crucifixes                                     422
+
+      Master of the Buckhounds, by John Branfill Harrison        422
+
+      Minor Queries:--"No Cross no Crown"--Dido and
+      �neas--Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the
+      Athenians--French Refugees--Isabel, Queen of the Isle
+      of Man--Grand-daughter of John Hampden--Cicada or
+      Tettigonia Septemdecim--The British Sidanen--Jenings or
+      Jennings--Caleva Atrebatum, Site of--Abigail--Etymology
+      of Durden--Connecticut Halfpenny                           423
+
+      MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Arms displayed on Spread
+      Eagle--St. Beuno--Lists of Knights Bachelor--Walker--See
+      of Durham                                                  424
+
+      REPLIES:--
+
+      Convocation of York                                        425
+
+      The Old Countess of Desmond                                426
+
+      Coins of Vabalathus                                        427
+
+      Marriage of Ecclesiastics                                  427
+
+      Replies to Minor Queries:--"Crowns have their
+      Compass"--The Rev. Richard Farmer--Earwig                  428
+
+      MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+      Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                     429
+
+      Books and Odd Volumes wanted                               429
+
+      Notices to Correspondents                                  430
+
+      Advertisements                                             430
+
+
+
+
+Notes.
+
+
+THOMAS MORE AND JOHN FISHER.
+
+Although I am afraid "NOTES AND QUERIES" may not be considered as open
+to contributions purely bibliographical, and admitting I am uncertain
+whether the following copy of the treatise of John Fisher, Bishop of
+Rochester, has been before noted, I am induced to send this extract from
+Techener's _Bulletin du Bibliophile_ for May 1851. The book is in the
+library at Douai.
+
+  "This Treatise concernynge the fruytful Saynges of David the King
+  and prophete in the seven penytencyall psalmes, devyded in _ten_
+  sermons, was made and compyled by the ryght reverente fader in god
+  Johan Fyssher, doctour of dyvinyte and bysshop of Rochester, at
+  the exortacion and sterynge of the most excellent pryncesse
+  Margarete, Countesse of Richemount and Derby, and moder to out
+  souverayne Lorde Kynge H[=e]ry the VII."
+
+It is described as a small 4to., printed upon vellum, in Gothic letters,
+at London, 1508, by Wynkyn de Worde, and contains 146 leaves. On the
+first leaf it has a portcullis, crowned with the motto "Dieu et mon
+Droit." On the recto of the last leaf there is--
+
+  "Here endeth the exposycyon of the 7 psalmes. Enprynted at London
+  in the fletestrete, at the sygne of ye Sonne, by Wynkyn de Worde.
+  In the yere of oure lorde M.CCCCC.VIII. ye 16 day of ye moneth of
+  Juyn. The XXIII. yere of ye reygne of our souverayne Lorde Kynge
+  H[=e]ry the Seventh."
+
+At the back, there is the sun, the monogram of Wynkyn de Worde--the
+letters W. C. displayed as usual--and beneath, "Wynkyn de Worde."
+
+At the beginning of the book, "sur une garde en v�lin" (a fly-leaf of
+vellum?), there is written in a very neat hand the following ten verses,
+the profession of faith of Thomas Morus and of his friend John Fisher,
+Bishop of Rochester:
+
+      "The surest meanes for to attaine
+      The perfect waye to endlesse blisse
+      Are happie lief and to remaine
+      W'thin ye church where virtue is;
+      And if thy conscience be sae sounde
+      To thinse thy faith is truth indeede
+      Beware in thee noe schisme be founde
+      That unitie may have her meede;
+      If unitie thow doe embrace
+      In heaven (_en_?)joy possesse thy place."
+
+Beneath--
+
+      "Qui non rect� vivit in unitate ecclesi�
+      Catholic�, salvus esse non potest."
+
+And lower on the same page--
+
+      "Thomas Morus d[=n]s cancellarius Angli�
+      Joh. Fisher Ep�s Roffensis."
+
+It is traditionally reported, upon the testimony of some Anglican
+Benedictines (an order now extinct), that the lines which contain the
+profession of faith, and those which follow, are in the handwriting of
+Bishop Fisher, and that the work was presented by him to the
+chancellor, during their imprisonment, when by order of Henry VIII. the
+chancellor was denied the consolation of his books.
+
+In the same library there is a fine Psalter, which belonged to Queen
+Elizabeth. The _Livre d'Heures_ of Mary Queen of Scots was here also to
+be found: "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland." It is
+conjectured these books were brought to Douai by the fugitive English
+Roman Catholic priests. In 1790 their collections were confiscated and
+given to the public library of Douai. It would be of interest to
+ascertain, if possible, the authenticity of the _Heures � l'Usage_,
+stated to have belonged to Mary Queen of Scots. Upon this point one may
+be permitted to be sceptical. I have myself seen two. One of these, it
+was said, had been used by Mary on the scaffold, and contained a note in
+the handwriting, as I think, of James II. attesting the fact. It was
+understood to have been obtained from a monastery in France. The other,
+a small Prayer Book MS. in vellum, of good execution, had the signature
+"M." with a line I think over it of "O Lord, deliver me from my
+enemies!" in French. I am, however, now writing from memory, and, in the
+first case, of very many years.
+
+Whether the line, "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland," be
+written in the Psalter, or has been added by the mental excitement of M.
+Duthilloeul, the librarian at Douai, I cannot decide. The grand
+culmination of "and Queen of Scotland" forms doubtless a very striking
+anti-thesis: but neither the possessor of the book nor a priest would
+have so sunk the martyr, although a woman and a queen were alike
+concerned, as this line does. Lowndes states there is a copy of the
+bishop's treatise on vellum at Cambridge. A copy is in the British
+Museum; but the title, according, to Lowndes, has _seven_ sermons. It
+will be observed the title now given has _ten_.
+
+    S. H.
+
+
+NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS.
+
+The social elements of society in the seventeenth century were more
+simple in their character and development than at the present period.
+The population was comparatively small, and therefore the strivings for
+success in any pursuit did not involve that severe conflict which is so
+frequently the case in the present day. Society then was more of a
+community than it is now. It had not public bodies to aid it. It was
+left more to its own inherent resources for reciprocal good, and for
+mutual help. The temptations to evade and dissemble, in matters of
+business, or private and public negotiations, were not so strong as they
+now are. Its transactions were more transparent and defined, because
+they were fewer and less complicated than many of our own. We readily
+grant that society now, in its social, religious, and commercial
+aspects, enjoys advantages immeasurably superior to those of any former
+period; still there are some few advantages which it had then, that it
+cannot possess now. The following advertisements, from the newspapers of
+the time, will illustrate the truth of the foregoing remarks:
+
+From a _Collection for Improvement of Husbandry and Trade_.
+
+  Friday, January 26, 1693/4.
+
+  "One that is fit to keep a Warehouse, be a Steward, or do any
+  Business that can be supposed an intelligent Man that has been a
+  Shopkeeper is fit for, and can give any Security that can be
+  desired, as far as Ten Thousand Pound goes, and has some Estate of
+  his own, desires an Employment of One hundred Pounds a year, or
+  upwards. I can give an account of him."
+
+That a man having 10,000_l._ to give as security, and in possession of
+an estate, should require a situation of 100_l._ per annum, sounds oddly
+enough in our ears. "I can give an account of him," denotes that the
+editor was a man well known and duly appreciated. He appears to have
+been a scribe useful in many ways. He was known, and knowing.
+
+  Friday, February 2, 1693/4.
+
+  "A very eminent Brewer, and one I know to be a very honest
+  Gentleman, wants an Apprentice. I can give an account of him."
+
+In what sense the word "honest" must here be taken it is difficult to
+define. As an eminent brewer, we should naturally conclude he must have
+been an honest man. He is here very eminent and very honest.
+
+  Friday March 16, 1693/4.
+
+  "Many Masters want Apprentices, and many Youths want Masters. If
+  they apply themselves to me, I'll strive to help them. Also for
+  variety of valuable services."
+
+Here is the editor of a paper offering his help to masters and
+apprentices for their mutual good. Let us suppose an advertisement of
+this kind appearing in _The Times_ of our own day. Printing-house Square
+would not contain a tithe of the individuals who would present
+themselves for the reception of this accommodating aid. In such a case
+the editors (as it regards their particular duties) would be cyphers,
+for a continuous absorption of their time would necessarily occur in the
+carrying out of this benevolent offer. This advertisement may be
+considered as _multum in parvo_, giving the wants of the many in an
+announcement of three or four lines, connecting them with a variety of
+services which in those days were thought to be valuable. How greatly
+are we assisted by these little incidents in forming correct views of
+the state of society at that period.
+
+The next advertisement shows the value set upon the services of one who
+was to perform the duties of a clerk, and to play well on the violin.
+
+  "If any young Man that plays well on a Violin, and writes a good
+  Hand, desires a Clerkship, I can help him to Twenty Pounds a
+  year."
+
+Of course twenty pounds was of more value then than it is now: still it
+seems a small sum for the performance of such duties, for twelve months.
+Here is musical talent required for the amusement of others, in
+combination with the daily duties of a particular profession. An
+efficient musician, and a good writer, and all for 20_l._ per annum! We
+learn by the editor's "I can help him," his readiness to assist all who
+would advertise in his journal, to obtain those employments which their
+advertisements specified.
+
+  Friday, April 6, 1694.
+
+  "A Grocer of good business desires an Apprentice of good growth."
+
+The "good growth" must have been intended to convey the idea of height
+and strength.
+
+My next article shall be devoted to advertisements of another class,
+further illustrating the state of society and the peculiarities of the
+people at the end of the seventeenth century.
+
+    H. M. BEALBY.
+
+  North Brixton.
+
+
+TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION.
+
+As having originated the inquiry in "NOTES AND QUERIES"[1] respecting
+this Treatise, under the signature of J. M., I feel great obligation
+both to the editor of that journal, and the editor of the Treatise
+itself, for having brought it to light by publication, and added it to
+the stock of accurate and very important historical information. Indeed,
+a real vacancy was left for it; and it is a subject of high
+self-gratulation, that a boon previously, and for a length of time,
+hidden and unproductive, is now accessible and operative without limit.
+I have no doubt that all your readers, and the whole reading public,
+join with me in rejoicing that the editorship of the work has fallen
+into hands so competent and so successful.
+
+  [Footnote 1: Vol. i., pp. 263. 357.; Vol. ii., pp. 136. 168. 446.
+  490.]
+
+I was, not for ten, but twenty years or more, in quest of the MS. now so
+happily made public property, and should have fallen upon it much
+earlier, but for the misleading title under which it appears, where it
+_is_ really; for it has been found. In the _Catalogus Lib. MSS._: Ox.
+1697, among the Laudian MSS. appears, p. 62., "968.95. _A Treatise_
+against _Equivocation, or fraudulent Dissimulation_." _Against!_ when no
+such word is in the original, and the real matter and meaning is _for_!
+I had, at some early time, marked the very entry; but presuming that the
+work had been actually _printed_ (which I believe it was in a very few
+copies, which have disappeared), naturally enough I did not pursue the
+search in that direction. Others, I am happy, have, and I am gratified.
+
+The work is very important; for there is not a work more evidently
+genuine and authentic than this is proved to be by plain historic
+evidence, both as to the document itself and the facts which it attests.
+The witness, or witnesses, appearing in it, give their testimony
+respecting themselves with the most unsuspectable simplicity. They meant
+not, and have not, misrepresented themselves: they have proclaimed their
+own doctrine for themselves respecting Equivocation and Mental
+Reservation--the last of which is really of most importance; and it was
+most needful to the Roman body at the time, and under their
+circumstances. Their object, for mere safety, was concealment as to
+their resorts or residences. They could not exist, as they did, without
+the assistance and knowledge of many individuals, some of inferior
+class. Against the incessant inquiries to which they were exposed they
+had no defence, except the power of disappointing or misleading by
+ambiguity or deception, which was completely secured by reserved
+termination in the mind to any uttered declaration. Now, there is in
+this very Treatise _plain admission_ that all the co-religionists of the
+endangered party, particularly a lady who is distinctly noticed, were
+not convinced of the moral rectitude of such a procedure; and it was
+necessary, or expedient, that their hesitation should be removed. And
+this seems to be the main object of the present work. How far it has
+succeeded must depend upon the evidence which is adduced.
+
+We have generally had the doctrine of the Roman body on the subject of
+the Treatise presented by opponents; here we have it as deliberately
+stated by themselves. There is a passage rather observable in p. 103.,
+beginning at the bottom and extending to the words "he hath no such
+meaning to tell them," of which we are not acquainted with a duplicate.
+But the whole has something of the freshness and interest of novelty.
+
+_Macbeth_, it is agreed, I believe, was written in 1607, consequently
+after the Powder Plot, when the doctrine before us was brought forward
+pointedly against the traitors. Might there not be some reference to the
+fact in the Second Act, where the porter of the castle, roused by
+repeated knockings, on the murder, after other exclamations in the
+manner of the poet, proceeds:
+
+  "Here's an Equivocator, that could swear in both the scales,
+  against either scale: who committed treason enough for God's sake,
+  yet could not equivocate to heaven. Oh, come in, Equivocator"?
+
+Mr. Jardine will thank your correspondent for pointing out an error or
+two which should be corrected in another edition. At p. 44., for
+"[Greek: chtho]," in the margin, should be printed "_sub verbo_." The
+word in the MS. is a contraction to that effect: the capital "V" has a
+curved stroke across the first line of the "V," followed by "_bo_."
+Generally the _Dubium_, in alphabetic works of the kind referred to,
+ranks under some alphabetic word, one or more, as it may happen; but in
+Em. S�'s work the word _Dubium_ comes under the letter D., and this is
+meant to be expressed. At p. 49. the footnote should be omitted, as the
+Vulgate, which is followed, calls the 1st of _Samuel_ the 1st of
+_Kings_. The first line of p. 56. should have "_autem_" instead of
+"_antea_." I have inspected the MS. carefully, and therefore speak with
+confidence.
+
+    EUPATOR.
+
+
+NOTES ON VIRGIL.
+
+(_Continued from_ p. 308.)
+
+      IV. "Illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas
+          Turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto."
+
+          Virg. _�n._ I. 48.
+
+  "TURBINE; volubilitate ventorum. SCOPULO; saxo
+  eminenti."--_Servius._
+
+  "Hub sie im Wirbel empor, und spiesst' an ein scharfes Gestein
+  ihn."--_Voss._
+
+  "Ipsum vero Pallas fulmine percussum procell� vi scopulo etiam
+  allisit."--_Heyne._
+
+  "Impegit rupi acut�."--_Ru�us._
+
+  "Infixit. _Inflixit_, lectionem quorundam MSS. facile pr�tulissem,
+  et quod statim pr�cesserit _transfixo_, unde evadit inconcinna
+  cognat� dictionis repetitio, et quod etiam �n. x. 303.:
+
+      "'Namque inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo,'
+
+  "si Sidon. Apoll. v. 197. haud tueretur vulgatam scripturam:
+
+                           "'Fixusque Capharei
+      Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus.'"--_Wakefield._
+
+To which criticism of Wakefields's, Forbiger adds: "Pr�terea etiam acuto
+scopulo _infigendi_ voc. accommodatius videtur quam _infligendi_." And
+Wagner: "acuto scopulo _infigi_ melius."
+
+This interpretation and these criticisms are founded altogether on a
+false conception of the meaning of the word _infigere_, which is never
+to fix _on_, but always either to fix _in_, or to fix _with_, i.e.
+pierce _with_. _Scopulo infixit acuto_, _fixed or pinned_ down or to the
+ground _with_ a sharp rock; _i.e._ hurled a sharp-pointed rock on him,
+so as to nail him to the ground. So (_�n._ XII. 721.) "Cornua obnixi
+infigunt," fix their horns, not _on_, but _in_; infix their horns; stick
+their horns into each other; stick each other with their horns: _q.d._
+Cornibus se mutuo infigunt: and, exactly parallel to our text:
+
+      "Saturnius me sic _infixit_ Jupiter,
+      Jovisque numen Mulcibri adscivit manus.
+      Hos ille _cuneos_ fabrica crudeli _inserens_,
+      Perrupit artus; qua miser sollertia
+      Transverberatus, castrum hoc Furiarum incolo."
+
+      Cicero (translating from �schylus), _Tuscul. Qu�st._ II. 10.
+
+In confirmation of this view of the passage, I may observe: 1st, that it
+is easier to imagine a man staked to the ground by a sharp-pointed rock,
+than flung on a sharp-pointed rock, so as to remain permanently impaled
+on it; and 2dly, that the account given of the transaction, both by
+Quintus Calaber and Seneca, agree as perfectly with this view as they
+disagree with the opposite:
+
+      [Greek: Kai ny ken ex�lyxe kakon moron, ei m� ar' aut�,
+      rh�xas aian enerthen, epiproe�ke kol�n�n;
+      eute paros megaloio kat' Enkeladoio da�phr�n
+      Pallas aeiramen� Sikel�n epikabbale n�son;
+      � rh' eti kaietai aien hyp' akamatoio Gigantos,
+      aithaloen pneiontos es� chthonos; h�s ara Lokr�n
+      amphekalypsen anakta dysammoron oureos akr�,
+      hypsothen exeripousa, baryne de karteron andra;
+      amphi de min thanatoio melas ekich�sat' olethros,
+      gai� hom�s dm�thenta, kai akamat� eni pont�.]
+
+      Quintus Calab. XIV. 579.
+
+And so Seneca; who, having presented us with Ajax clinging to the rock
+to which he had swum for safety, after his ship had been sunk, and
+himself struck with lightning, and there uttering violent imprecations
+against the Deity, adds:
+
+                "Plura cum auderet furens,
+      Tridente rupem subruit pulsam pater
+      Neptunus, imis exerens undis caput,
+      Solvitque montem; quem cadens secum tulit:
+      Terraque et igne victus et pelago jacet."
+
+      _Agam._ 552.
+
+And, so also, beyond doubt, we are to understand Sidonius
+Apollinaris's--
+
+                                "Fixusque Capharei
+      Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus."
+
+Not, with Wakefield and the other commentators, _fixed on_ the rocks of
+Caphareus, but, _pierced with_ the rocks of Caphareus, and lying under
+them. Compare (_�n._ IX. 701.) "fixo pulmone," the pierced lung; "fixo
+cerebro" (_�n._ XII. 537.); "verubus trementia figunt" (_�n._ I. 216.),
+not, fix _on_ the spits, but, stick or pierce _with_ the spits; and
+especially (Ovid. _Ibis._ 341.),
+
+      "Viscera sic aliquis scopulus tua figat, ut olim
+        Fixa sub Euboico Graia fuere sinu,"
+
+pierced and pinned down with a rock, at the bottom of the Euboean gulf.
+
+TURBINE. SCOPULO.--Not two instruments, _a whirlwind and a rock_, but
+one single instrument, _a whirling rock_; scopulo turbineo; in modo
+turbinis se circumagente; as if Virgil had said, Solo affixit illum
+correptum et transverberatum scopulo acuto in eum maxima vi rotato: or,
+more briefly, Turbine scopuli acuti corripuit et infixit. Compare:
+
+      "Pr�cipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi
+      Excutit effunditque solo."--_�n._ XII. 531.
+
+                            "Stupet obvia leto
+      Turba super stantem, atque emissi turbine montis
+      Obruitur."--Stat. _Theb._ II. 564.
+
+      "Idem altas turres saxis et turbine crebro
+      Laxat."--Stat. _Theb._ X. 742.
+
+So understood, 1st, the passage is according to Virgil's usual manner,
+the latter part of the line explaining and defining the general
+statement contained in the former; and, 2ndly, Pallas kills her enemy,
+not by the somewhat roundabout and unusual method of first striking him
+with thunder, and then snatching him up in a whirlwind, and then either
+dashing him against a sharp rock, and leaving him impaled there, or, as
+I have shown is undoubtedly the meaning, impaling him with a sharp rock,
+but by the more compendious and less out-of-the-way method of first
+striking him with thunder, and then whirling a sharp-pointed rock on top
+of him, so as to impale him.
+
+From Milton's imitation of this passage, in his _Paradise Lost_ (ii.
+180.), it appears that even he fell into the general and double error:
+
+      "Caught in a fiery tempest shall be hurled,
+      Each on his rock transfixed."
+
+Caro's translation shows that he had no definite idea whatever of the
+meaning:
+
+                          "A tale un turbo
+      In preda il di�; che per acuti scogli
+      Miserabil ne fe' rapina, e scempio."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+      V. "Ast ego, qu� Div�m incedo regina, Jovisque
+         Et soror et conjux, una cum gente tot annos
+         Bella gero."--_�n._ I. 50.
+
+  "'INCEDERE' wird besonders von der feierlichen, w�rdevollen
+  Haltung im Gange gebraucht: vers 500, von der Dido, 'Regina
+  incessit.' (Ruhnk. zu _Terent. And._ I. i. 100. _Eun._ v. 3. 9.)
+  Deshalb der majest�tischen Juno eigenth�mlich, [Greek: H�raion
+  badizein]. Also nicht f�r _sum_, sondern ganz
+  eigentlich."--_Thiel._
+
+      "But I who walk in awful state above."
+
+      _Dryden._
+
+  "_Incedere_ est _ingredi_, sed proprie cum quadam pompa et
+  fastu."--_Gesner._
+
+  "Incessus dearum, imprimis Junonis, gravitate sua
+  notus."--_Heyne._
+
+And so also Holdsworth and Ru�us.
+
+I think, on the contrary, that _incedo_, both here and elsewhere,
+expresses only the stepping or walking motion generally, and that the
+character of the step or walk, if inferable at all, is to be inferred
+only from the context. Accordingly, "Magnifice incedit" (Liv. II. 6.);
+"Turpe incedere" (Catull. XXXXII. 8.); "Molliter incedit" (Ovid, _Amor._
+II. 23.); "Passu incedit inerti" (Ovid, _Metam._ II. 772.); "Melius est
+incessu regem quam imperium regno claudicare" (Justin. VI. ii. 6.);
+"Incessus omnibus animalibus certus et uniusmodi, et in suo, cuique,
+genere" (Plin. X. 38.).
+
+The emphasis, therefore, is on _regina_, and the meaning is, _I who
+step, or walk, QUEEN of the Gods_; the dignity of the step being not
+expressed by "incedo," but inferable from "regina." The expression
+corresponds exactly to "ibit regina" (_�n._ II. 578.); with this
+difference only, that "ibit" does not, like "incedo," specify motion on
+foot.
+
+"Jovisque et soror et conjux."--Both the _ets_ are emphatic. "Jovisque
+_et_ soror _et_ conjux."
+
+"Bella" expresses the organised resistance which she meets, and the
+uncertainty of the issue; and being placed first word in the line is
+emphatic.
+
+    JAMES HENRY.
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Verses presented to General Monck._--The subjoined notice of a curious
+entry in the records of the Belfast corporation may be acceptable. The
+author is unknown. They are inscribed, "Verses to General Monck," and,
+as the last six lines show, are an attack on the Rump Parliament:--
+
+      Advants George Monck, and Monck St. George shall be,
+      England's restorer to its liberty,
+      Scotland's protector, Ireland's president,
+      Reducing all to affree parliament.
+      And if thou dost intend the other thing,
+      Go on, and all shall cry God save ye king.
+
+        R. R doth rebellion represent,
+        V. By V nought else but villainy is meant,
+        M. M murther signifies all men doe knowe,
+        P. P perjuries in fashion grow.
+
+            Then R and V with M and P
+            Conjoined make up our misery.
+
+The occasion of their presentation is unknown. General Monck took
+Belfast in 1646 from the Scotch, who being true Presbyterians of the
+older school, had turned against the parliament. This was the probable
+occasion of their being presented to the future restorer of King Charles
+II.
+
+    E. L. B.
+
+_Justice to Pope Pius V._--You have done yourself credit by exonerating
+Queen Elizabeth from a charge the easiest to bring, and the most
+difficult to rebut, implying the proof of a negative; and therefore
+frequently brought by the unprincipled. I propose, as a counterpart, to
+exonerate Pope Pius V. from an imputation, mistakingly, though unjustly,
+cast upon him by an authority of no less weight than that of Sir Walter
+Scott. In his edition of _Somers's Tracts_, vol. i. p. 192., occurs a
+note on a place in the _execution of justice_: "Pius V. resolved to make
+his bastard son, Boncompagni, Marquis of Vincola, King of Ireland," &c.
+For this assertion no authority is cited, nor indeed could be. The very
+name might have suggested the filiation to his successor, Gregory XIII.,
+which was the fact. In a work, not much known, _The Burnt Child dreads
+the Fire, &c._, by William Denton, M.D., London, 1675, at p. 25. we
+read, "Gregory XIII. had a bastard, _James Buon Compagna_, and to him he
+gave _Ireland_, and impowered _Stewkely_ with men, arms, and money, to
+conquer it for him."[2] There is no reason to doubt, that with the
+editor of the _Tracts_ the above imputation was a simple mistake; but it
+is an important duty of all who interfere with historical literature, to
+state and correct every discovered instance of the kind.
+
+  [Footnote 2: Camden, in his _Elizabeth_, under 1578, states the
+  fact without mention of the name, only calling him "the pope's
+  bastard;" but the date is the sixth year of the pontificate of
+  Gregory XIII.]
+
+    EUPATOR.
+
+
+
+
+Queries.
+
+
+CROSSES AND CRUCIFIXES.
+
+In the 22nd volume of the _Arch�ologia_, p. 58., is the following
+passage:
+
+  "The cross, which does not appear to have been peculiar to
+  Christianity, when introduced on these obelisks, is usually filled
+  with tracery."
+
+The obelisks, or stones of memorial, referred to are the subjects of a
+very interesting paper communicated by Mr. Logan to the Society of
+Antiquaries. (See Plates 2, 3, 4, and 5.) I am desirous of being
+informed what authenticated instances there are of crosses, or stones
+marked with crosses, being used for landmarks, memorials, or for any
+other purpose, civil or religious, before the introduction of
+Christianity? I have met with one instance. Prescott, in his _History of
+Mexico_, relates that--
+
+  "In the court of one of the temples in the island of Columel he
+  was amazed by the sight of a cross of stone and lime, about ten
+  palms high."
+
+It was the emblem of the god of rain (See vol. i. p. 240., &c.)
+
+In the same paper Mr. Logan observes--
+
+  "Crosses, or stones on which the figure was traced, marked a place
+  of meeting for certain districts; and within memory of man a fair
+  was held on this spot. It is not improbable that market-crosses
+  may be deduced from this custom."
+
+It seems that every town that had the privilege of a market or fair (I
+am speaking of England) had a market-cross. In most of these towns the
+cross has disappeared, and in its place a ball or globe has been mounted
+on the shaft; but the term "market-cross" is still in use. In the town
+of Giggleswick, in the parish of Giggleswick, there is a perfect
+market-cross, the cross being what is, I believe, called a cross-fleury.
+In the town of Settle, in the same parish of Giggleswick, the ball or
+globe is placed on the top of the shaft. Are there other instances of
+market towns in which the cross is still found?
+
+I passed through a market town lately in which the stone steps, and
+socket in which the shaft was placed, are preserved; but they have been
+removed to one corner of the market-place. The shaft and cross have
+disappeared.
+
+Is not this erection of the cross, in places in which markets and fairs
+were held, of ecclesiastical origin? Was the cross erected by licence
+granted by the bishop within whose jurisdiction it was placed? Is there
+any grant of such licence in existence? Or did these crosses originate
+in the gratuitous piety of our ancestors? I fear to ask the question,
+whether the buyers and sellers under the cross are more upright in their
+dealings than those who buy and sell without the presence of this emblem
+of all that is true and just. Is the cross erected in the cities and
+towns of other states, as in England? Was the custom general in Europe?
+
+    F. W. J.
+
+Mr. Curzon states, in the introduction to his _Monasteries of the
+Levant_, that--
+
+  "The crucifix was not known before the fifth or sixth century,
+  though the cross was always the emblem of the Christian faith."
+
+I am persuaded that this assertion is incorrect, and that the crucifix
+was used in much earlier times. Will some one kindly inform me where the
+first mention of it is to be found, and what is the date of the earliest
+examples now known?
+
+    DRYASDUST.
+
+
+MASTER OF THE BUCKHOUNDS.
+
+In reading the _Topographer_ for January 1791 (a work which was
+published under the editorship of my uncle, Sir Egerton Brydges), I was
+surprised to find, in an account of the family of Brocas, of
+Beaurepaire, in the county of Hampshire, that the post of Master of the
+Buckhounds had been sold in the reign of James I.
+
+Mr. Gough (_Sepulchral Monuments_, pp. 160, 161.) appears to be the
+authority quoted who describes the monument of Sir Bernard Brocas, Kt.,
+as existing at Westminster, and having on it an inscription in which is
+the following sentence:
+
+  "Sir Bernard succeeded to the paternal inheritance both in England
+  and France, and having married Mary, daughter and heiress of Sir
+  John de Roche, had a large estate with her, and the hereditary
+  post of Master of the Buckhounds; which was confirmed to him by
+  King Edward the Third, and held by the family, till sold in James
+  the First's reign."
+
+I have no means of ascertaining at the present time whether this
+monument is still in existence or not; nor indeed has that much to do
+with the object of my writing, which is to suggest the following
+Queries, in the hope that some of your correspondents may be able to
+send satisfactory answers.
+
+1. By whom was the post of Master of the Buckhounds first instituted,
+and who was the first Master?
+
+2. Is there any list of persons holding this office; and if so, where
+may it be seen?
+
+3. Is there any instance of an unmarried lady having held it: for in the
+case before us we see that a lady was able to convey it by inheritance
+to her husband?
+
+4. By whom was it sold? Was it by the last hereditary possessor; and if
+so, what was his name? Or was it by the king, on the death of one of the
+possessors, for the purpose of enriching himself?
+
+5. Is it known whether there is any other instance of its having been
+sold: and when did it come to be, as now, a ministerial office?
+
+    JOHN BRANFILL HARRISON.
+
+  Maidstone.
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+300. "_No Cross no Crown._"--Where did Penn get the title of his
+well-known work? St. Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in allusion to the custom
+of crowning crosses, has these lines:--
+
+      "Cerne coronatam Domini super _atria Christi_,
+      Stare crucem, duro spondentem celsa labori
+      Pr�mia: _tolle crucem, qui vis auferre coronam_."
+
+      "See how the cross of Christ a crown entwines:
+      High o'er God's temple it refulgent shines;
+      Pledging bright guerdon for each passing pain:
+      Take up the cross, if thou the crown would'st gain."
+
+Vide Dr. Rock's _Hierurgia_. Quarles says, in his _Esther_:
+
+      "The way to bliss lies not on beds of down,
+      And he that had no cross deserves no crown."
+
+    MARICONDA.
+
+301. _Dido and �neas._--
+
+      "When Dido found �neas did not come,
+      She wept in silence, and was--di-do-dum."
+
+Who was the author of the above well-known bit of philology?
+
+    A. A. D.
+
+302. _Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the Athenians._--Dr.
+Schmitz (in Smith's _Antiq._, article SHIPS) speaks of "the pegs,
+[Greek: skalmoi], _between which the oars move[d]_, and to which they
+were fastened by a thong, [Greek: trop�t�r]." What is the authority for
+two pegs, _between which_, &c? A single peg and thong, as still in
+frequent use, would be intelligible!
+
+Dr. Smith observes (ap. id. p. 1139.) that the decree of Scamandrius,
+which ordained that no free Athenian should be tortured, "does not
+appear to have interdicted torture as a means of execution, _since_ we
+find Demosthenes (_de Cor._ 271.) reminding the judges that they had put
+Antiphon to death by the rack." Does it not escape him that Antiphon was
+_then an alien_, having suffered expulsion from the Lexiarchic list.
+(See Dem. _l.c._)
+
+    A. A. D.
+
+303. _French Refugees._--Where is the treaty or act of parliament to be
+found which guaranteed compensation to the French refugees at the end of
+the war? Is it possible to obtain a list of those who received
+compensation, and the amount paid; and if so, where?
+
+    S. QUARTO.
+
+304. _Isabel, Queen of the Isle of Man._--In Charles Knight's _London_
+mention is made, amongst the noble persons buried in the church of the
+Grey Friars, of Isabel, wife of Baron Fitzwarren, sometime queen of the
+Isle of Man. Will you or some of your correspondents be so kind as to
+tell me who this lady was, and when the Isle of Man ceased to be an
+independent kingdom?
+
+    FANNY.
+
+305. _Grand-daughter of John Hampden._--According to the _Friend of
+India_ of 4th September, 1851, there is at Cossimbazar the following
+inscription:--
+
+            "SARAH MATTOCKS,
+                Aged 27.
+        Much lamented by her husband,
+      Lieutenant-Colonel JOHN MATTOCKS.
+        Was the grand-daughter of the
+          Great JOHN HAMDEN, Esq.,
+          Of St. James's, Westminster."
+
+In the following number (dated 11th September, 1851), the editor offers
+an apology for having omitted the date of the decease of Mrs. Mattocks,
+viz. 1778; and then remarks that--
+
+  "As she was twenty-seven years old at her death, she must have
+  been born in 1751; it was therefore impossible that she should
+  have been the grand-daughter of the great John Hampden, that died
+  in 1643, one hundred and eight years before her birth."
+
+Query, Can any of your correspondents give me any information respecting
+the subject?
+
+    SALOPIAN.
+
+306. _Cicada or Tettigonia Septemdecim._--In Latrobe's _Rambler in North
+America_, London, 1835, vol. ii. p. 290., is a curious account of this
+insect, which visits Pennsylvania every seventeenth year, and appears
+about May 24. It is under an inch in length when it first appears early
+in the morning, and gains its strength after the sun has risen. These
+insects live ten or fifteen days, and never seem to eat any food. They
+come in swarms, and birds, pigs, and poultry fatten on them. The female
+lays her eggs in the outermost twigs of the forest; these die and drop
+on the ground. The eggs give birth to a number of small grubs, which are
+thus enabled to attain the mould without injury, and in it they
+disappear; they are forgotten till seventeen years pass, and then the
+memory of them returns, and they rise from the earth, piercing their way
+through the matted sod, the hard trampled clay, &c. They appeared in
+1749, &c., to 1834, and are expected in 1851. Has this expectation been
+fulfilled?
+
+    C. I. R.
+
+307. _The British Sidanen._--Under this title (the proper spelling in
+which should be _Sina_ or _Senena_) an article appears in Vol. iv., p.
+120., comprising a portion of the genealogy of the Welsh princess, in
+which three of her sons are mentioned, viz., Owen, Llewellyn, and David.
+But there was a _fourth_ son, Roderic, who settled in England, and
+appears to have been residing there for some time, when the fatal
+rupture occurred between the two countries. It would appear that
+descendants of his have lived, and are living in our own times; among
+them, the late Dr. John Mawer, of Middleton Tyas, whose remarkable
+epitaph was given in a former number of "NOTES AND QUERIES." My first
+inquiry is, Is there known to exist any genealogy assuming to extend
+between the Rev. and learned gentleman just named and Prince Roderic? I
+am told there was one published in the _British Peerage for 1706_, at
+which time John Mawer would be three years of age; is such the fact? I
+wish also to ask, whether Prince _Owen_ was in existence at the time of
+the deaths of Llewellyn and David--whether in Wales or England? and
+whether he was the ancestor of Owen Tudor, the proud father of Henry
+VII.; and, if not, who _was_ Owen Tudor's ancestor?
+
+    AMANUENSIS.
+
+308. _Jenings or Jennings._--Was the late Mr. Jenings of Acton Hall,
+Suffolk, descended from the family of Jenings, formerly of Silsden,
+Skipton in Craven, and afterwards of Ripon, Yorkshire; and if so, where
+can information as to the pedigree be obtained?
+
+    A. B. C.
+
+  Brighton.
+
+309. _Caleva Atrebatum, Site of._--May not the site of Caleva Atrebatum
+have been at Caversham, on the north of the Thames, near Reading?
+
+The distance of Caleva from Londinium was forty-four Roman miles, making
+forty English; and from Venta Belgarum, thirty-six Roman or thirty-three
+English miles.
+
+Caleva, according to Ptolemy's map, was on the north of the Thames; a
+portion of the present Oxfordshire being in the country assigned by the
+same geographer to the Atrebates.
+
+    G. J.
+
+310. _Abigail._--Whence, or when, originated the application of
+_Abigail_, as applied to a lady's maid? It is used by Dean Swift in this
+sense; but in a way that shows that it was no new phrase in those days.
+
+    J. S. WARDEN.
+
+  Balica.
+
+311. _Etymology of Durden._--Jacob, in his _Law Dictionary_, giving
+Cowel as his authority (who, however, advances no further elucidation),
+derives the word from _dur-den_, a coppice in a valley. Does the word
+_dur_ signify wood, or, if the British _dwr_, is it not water?
+
+    F. R. R.
+
+312. _Connecticut Halfpenny._--I have a halfpenny, apparently American,
+bearing on the obverse, a head to the right, and "Auctori Connect.;" and
+on the reverse, "Inde." for _independence_, and "Lib." for liberty; date
+in the exerg., 1781 or 1787; and between "Inde." and "Lib." five stars.
+Can any of your correspondents tell me if my explanation of the reverse
+is the correct one? and also who was the "_Auctori Connect._," or
+founder of the state of Connecticut?
+
+    J. N. C.
+
+  King's Lynn.
+
+
+Minor Queries Answered.
+
+_Arms displayed on Spread Eagle._--For what reason are the arms of
+Methwen (and some others, I believe) placed on the breast of a
+two-headed eagle displayed sable?
+
+    H. N. E.
+
+  [When armorial ensigns are borne upon the breast of an eagle, the
+  general inference is that the bearers thereof are Counts of the
+  Holy Roman Empire, it being the practice in Germany for Counts of
+  the Empire so to display the eagle.
+
+  There are some cases in which especial grants have been made to
+  Englishmen so to do, as in the case of the family of _Methwen_;
+  and persons having received the royal licence in England to accept
+  the dignity of Count of the Empire, so carry their arms, as in the
+  cases of Earl Cowper, Lord Arundel of Wardour, St. Paul, &c.]
+
+_St. Beuno._--Where can I obtain any information respecting St. Beuno,
+to whom I find several churches dedicated in Wales?
+
+    J. D. D.
+
+  [In Rees's _Essay on the Welsh Saints_, p. 268., and Williams's
+  _Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_, p. 137. The college of
+  Beuno is now called Clynog Vawr. See also _The Cambro-Briton_,
+  vol. iii. p. 14.]
+
+_Lists of Knights Bachelor._--What publication contains a list of the
+_knights bachelor_ made by George I. and George II. (1714-1760)? With
+regard to the subsequent reign I have found the _Calendar of Knights_,
+by Francis Townsend, London, 1828, very accurate and perfect.
+
+    ==> N.
+
+  [There is not any continuous list of _Knights Bachelors_ in any
+  published works since Philpot's _Catalogue_, 1660, until
+  Townsend's _Calendar_, which commences in 1760. The knights made
+  by Kings George I. and II. will be found only in some of the
+  genealogical publications of the day, such as the _British
+  Compendium_, published at intervals between 1720 and 1769;
+  Chamberlayne's _State of Great Britain_; or Heylin's _Help to
+  English History_, or Phillipps's _List of Nobility_, and similar
+  works.
+
+  Mr Townsend contemplated the publication of a list, and left an
+  imperfect MS., which passed into the hands of Sir Thomas
+  Phillipps, who printed it; but though privately circulated, it was
+  never published. See Moule's _Bibliotheca Heraldica_ for various
+  works of the character referred to.]
+
+_Walker._--An American lady lecturing on Bloomerism last week was much
+puzzled by the audience bursting into roars of laughter upon her
+quoting Professor Walker as an authority for some statement. The roars
+redoubled upon her declaring her belief that Professor Walker was a most
+respectable and trustworthy person. Can any one explain the origin of
+the joke that lies in the name "Walker?" Why do people say "Walker" when
+they wish to express ridicule or disbelief of a questionable statement?
+
+    DAVUS.
+
+  [The history of the renowned "Hookey Walker," as related by John
+  Bee, Esq., is simply this:--John Walker was an out-door clerk at
+  Longman, Clementi, and Co.'s in Cheapside, where a great number of
+  persons were employed; and "Old Jack," who had a crooked or hooked
+  nose, occupied the post of a spy upon their aberrations, which
+  were manifold. Of course, it was for the interests of the
+  surveillants to throw discredit upon all Jack's reports to the
+  heads of the firm; and numbers could attest that those reports
+  were fabrications, however true. Jack, somehow or other, was
+  constantly outvoted, his evidence superseded, and of course
+  disbelieved; and thus his occupation ceased, but not the fame of
+  "Hookey Walker."]
+
+_See of Durham._--Can any of your readers inform me of "The privileges
+of, and the ancient customs appertaining to, the See of Durham?"
+
+    H. F.
+
+  Clapham, Nov. 3. 1851.
+
+  [These relate most probably to the palatine rights of the Bishops
+  of Durham, granted by Egfrid, King of Northumbria, in 685; when he
+  gave to St. Cuthbert all the land between the Wear and the Tyne,
+  called "the patrimony of St. Cuthbert," to hold in as full and
+  ample a manner as the king himself holds the same. This donative,
+  with its ancient customs and privileges, was confirmed by the
+  Danes, and afterwards by William the Conqueror; in addition to
+  which, the latter made the church a sanctuary, and the county a
+  palatinate. Its bishop was invested with as great a power and
+  prerogative within his see, as the king exercised without the
+  bounds of it, with regard to forfeitures, &c. Thus it was a kind
+  of royalty subordinate to the crown, and, by way of eminence, was
+  called _The Bishoprick_. For an account of the ancient customs
+  connected with the cathedral, our correspondent is referred to the
+  curious and interesting work of Davies of Kidwelly, entitled, _The
+  Ancient Rites and Monuments of the Monastical and Cathedral Church
+  of Durham_, 12mo. 1672, which has been republished by the Surtees
+  Society.]
+
+
+
+
+Replies.
+
+CONVOCATION OF YORK.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 368.)
+
+This body (of which I am a member) ought to meet on the same occasions
+with that of Canterbury; but owing to the neglect or the wilfulness of
+its officials, many omissions and mistakes occur. I have heard a
+commission to _further_ adjourn the Convocation, from a day to which it
+previously stood adjourned, read the day _after_ that on which it ought
+to have assembled, but which day had arrived and passed without any one
+recollecting the fact! Our Convocation appears at no time to have acted
+a very prominent part, though its constitution is far better fitted for
+a working synod than that of the southern province. In the latter the
+_parochial_ clergy are so inadequately represented as to be much
+outnumbered by the _dignitaries_ appointed by the crown and the bishops;
+but in York there are _two_ proctors chosen by the clergy of _each_
+archdeaconry and peculiar jurisdiction, and _two_ by each cathedral
+chapter; thus affording a complete counterpoise to the deans and
+archdeacons who are members _ex officio_. Another peculiarity in the
+Convocation of York is, that it assembles in _one_ house, the bishops
+commonly appearing by their proxies (priests), and the archbishop
+presiding by his commissioner, who is always the dean, or one of the
+residentiary canons of York.
+
+In 1462 (_temp._ Archbishop Booth) the Convocation of York decreed that
+such constitutions of the province of Canterbury as were not prejudicial
+to those of York should be received, incorporated, and deemed as their
+own (Wilkins's _Concilia_, vol. iii. p. 580.). Under Archbishop
+Grenefeld it was decreed that since the Archbishop of York hath no
+superior in spirituals except the Pope, no appeals should be suffered to
+the Archbishop of Canterbury (p. 663.). At an earlier period the
+northern metropolitan laid claim to all England north of the Humber,
+with the whole realm of Scotland (Wilkins, vol. i. pp. 325, 479, &c.).
+In a provincial council at London, A.D. 1175, his jurisdiction was
+denied over the sees of Lincoln, _Chester_, Worcester, and Hereford,
+upon which he appealed to the Pope. With the exception of Chester,
+however, none of these sees were finally retained in the province.
+
+The next year we are told that, in a (national) council at Westminster,
+the Pope's legate presiding, the Archbishop of York, "disdaining to sit
+at the left hand of the legate, forced himself into the lap of the
+Archbishop of Canterbury, but was immediately _knocked down_ by the
+other bishops and clergy, severely beaten, and thrust out of the
+council!" (Hoveden ap. Wilkins, vol. i. p. 485.) How far the Northern
+Convocation supported their burly prelate in these claims I do not know;
+but I _note_ that in those days the disorderly conduct of the clergy was
+_not_ made a pretext for the indefinite suspension of synodical
+functions; and I _query_ whether the clergy might not be trusted to
+behave quite as well in the nineteenth century.
+
+But to return to the Convocation of York. There is a curious letter,
+A.D. 1661, from Accepted Frewen, Archbishop of York, to the Convocation,
+desiring them to send up to London some of their members duly
+commissioned on their part to sit with the Lower House of Canterbury
+for the review of the Liturgy. In this letter the archbishop says that
+himself and the other bishops of the province were sitting _with the
+bishops of the southern province in their House_. A similar expedient
+for constituting a _quasi_-national synod seems to have been resorted to
+upon some earlier occasions; but the Convocation of York still passed in
+due form by their own separate decree what was so agreed upon. The
+Articles were thus subscribed by our Convocation in 1571, and the Canons
+in 1604 and 1640.
+
+Since then the Convocation of York has been regularly summoned, met,
+adjourned, and been prorogued, without even the dutiful address to the
+crown, which is regularly discussed and adopted in Canterbury. In the
+year 1847, a spasmodic attempt at life was manifested in this venerable
+and ill-used institution. Archbishop Harcourt had consented that an
+address to the crown should be adopted, and himself procured a draft to
+be approved by the bishops. His grace however died before the day of
+meeting. Some difficulty was experienced by the officials, both in York
+and London, as to the course to be pursued; but a precedent having been
+pointed out in the reign of James I., when Archbishop Hutton died after
+summoning the Convocation and before its assembly, a writ was issued
+from the crown to the dean and chapter at York to elect a _pr�ses_ for
+the Convocation during the vacancy of the archbishoprick. They appointed
+the canon who happened to be in residence; an unusually large attendance
+was given; the Convocation was opened, the names called over, and then
+the officials had reached the limit of their experience; according to
+_their_ precedents we ought all to have been sent away. The address
+however was called on by the _pr�ses_, being apparently quite unaware
+that a _prolocutor_ should be chosen by the clergy before they proceeded
+to business. Such an officer probably seemed to the dignitary already in
+the chair like a _second King of Brentford_ "smelling at one rose," and
+the demand was refused. Further difficulties ensued, of course, the
+moment the debate was opened; and finally, the _pr�ses_, determined not
+to be tempted out of his depth, rose all at once, and read the fatal
+_formula_ which restored our glorious Chapter House to its silent
+converse with the ghosts. The Convocation has never since been heard of.
+
+    CAN EBOR.
+
+
+THE OLD COUNTESS OF DESMOND.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 305.)
+
+If your correspondent A. B. R. will refer to Walpole's _Fugitive Pieces_
+he will find a minute inquiry into the person and age of this long-lived
+lady. This is doubtless the dissertation alluded to by C. (Vol. ii., p.
+219.) Pennant has _two_ notices of the countess in his Scotch tours. In
+that of 1769 (which somewhat strangely follows the one of 1772), he
+gives at p. 87. the engraving spoken of (Vol. iv., p. 306.), apparently
+taken from the original at Dupplin Castle. It differs a little from R.'s
+description of another portrait, as the cloak is strapped over the
+chest, not held by a button. In 1772 Pennant again describes this
+portrait in his _Tour in Scotland_, vol. ii. p. 88., and speaks of four
+others, viz., first, at Devonshire House; second, at the Hon. John
+Yorke's seat, near Cheltenham; third, at Mr. Scott's, printer; and the
+fourth, in the Standard Closet, Windsor Castle. At the back of the last
+is written with a pen "Rembrandt." "A mistake (says P.) as Rembrandt was
+not fourteen years of age (he was indeed only eight) in 1614, at which
+time it is certain the countess was not living."
+
+In my copy of the _Fugitive Pieces_ (the Strawberry Hill edition,
+presented by Walpole to Cole), I find the following manuscript note by
+Cole; _an amplification of the_ passage from Walpole's letters quoted at
+p. 306.:--
+
+  "Being at Strawberry Hill in April, 1773, I saw there a copy of
+  the picture commonly attributed to the old Countess of Desmond;
+  but Mr. Walpole told me that there is sufficient proof that it is
+  a painter's mother, I think Rembrandt's. However, by a letter from
+  Mr. Lort, April 15, 1774, he assures me that on Mr. Pennant's
+  calling at Strawberry Hill to see this picture, he was much
+  chagrined at having a print of it engraved for his book, till Mr.
+  Lort revived him by carrying him to a garret in Devonshire House,
+  where was a picture of this same countess with her name on it,
+  exactly corresponding to his engraved print. I remember a
+  tolerable good old picture of her at Mr. Dicey's, prebendary of
+  Bristol, at Walton in Bucks."
+
+Walpole could not dismiss Pennant without a disparaging remark. He is "a
+superficial man, and knows little of history or antiquity; but he has a
+violent rage for being an author." Those who live in glass houses should
+not throw stones: Pennant would not have displayed the ignorance which
+Walpole exhibits in the instance before us. In an inscription, which the
+latter gives, on a Countess of Desmond buried at Sligo, occurs the
+following contraction: "Desmoni� _Noie_ Elizabetha." Walpole says
+(_Fugitive Pieces_, p. 204.), "This word I can make no sense of, but
+_sic originale_; I take it to be redundancy of the carver. It seems to
+be a repetition of the last three syllables of Desmoni�!"
+
+The sarcastic observations which Walpole passes on the Society of
+Antiquaries, its members, and its publications, are so frequent and so
+bitter, that they must have been founded on some offence not to be
+pardoned. Were the remarks on the "Historic Doubts" by the president,
+Dean Milles, and by the Rev. Robert Masters (printed in the first two
+volumes of the _Arch�ologia_), regarded as satisfactorily confuting
+Walpole's arguments; or did he aim, but unsuccessfully, at the
+president's chair?
+
+    J. H. M.
+
+  Bath.
+
+
+COINS OF VABALATHUS.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 255.)
+
+There have been many attempts to explain the puzzling VCRIMDR, on the
+supposition that a Latin sentence was concealed under these letters.
+Pinkerton suggested "Voluntate C�saris Romani Imperatoris Maximi Domini,
+Rex." I hope to offer a better solution, which, although not new, has
+been passed over, I believe, by all subsequent writers. The Rev. George
+North, in the _Museum Meadianum_, p. 97., gives the following note:
+"Apud Arabes accepi verbum Karama significare Honoravit, a quo Ucrima,
+et Ucrim; quo sensu respondet hoc Arabicum [Greek: T� Sebast�] apud
+Gr�cos." On applying to a well-known scholar and linguist here, I found
+that from the verb _Karama_ there was derived the adjective _Kar[=i]mat_
+(nobilis), from which again the superlative _Akram_ comes. There can, I
+think, be little doubt that the word VCRIMDR is originally derived from
+this verb _Karama_, and that it is most probably equivalent to
+_Nobilissimus_, a title so common shortly afterwards, as applied to the
+heirs to the empire.[3]
+
+  [Footnote 3: "_Nobilissimus_, in the Byzantine historians, is
+  synonymous with C�sar."--_Niebuhr._]
+
+The word [Greek: SR�IAS] or [Greek: SRIAS], which appears on the
+Alexandrian coins of this prince, is of more difficult explanation. Some
+think it a pr�nomen, some a Syriac or other Eastern title, perhaps
+corresponding to VCRIMDR. Pellerin thought so. I hope some Oriental
+scholar will direct his attention to this point. These coins are very
+often ill struck, so that the part of the legend below the head, where
+the word in question is found, is indistinct, for which reason I suppose
+MR. TAYLOR has followed the erroneous reading of Banduri, [Greek:
+HERMIAS] (properly [Greek: HERMIAS], with lunate epsilon) for [Greek:
+SR�IAS], which has been corrected by Eckhel. Of three specimens which I
+possess, one only reads clearly [Greek: SR�IAS], from the
+above-mentioned cause, but it is unquestionably the correct reading on
+all. The best arrangement of the legend, from analogy with those forms
+used by the Romans, is as follows:
+
+      [Greek: AUTokrat�r . SR�IAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATH�NOd�rou . Huios.]
+
+The existence of coins, of which I possess a specimen also, reading
+
+      [Greek: A . SRIAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATH�N . U.]
+
+shows that we must not read [Greek: ATH�NOU] as one word, but must
+divide it as above. I think MR. TAYLOR will find his specimen to read as
+the last-mentioned coin, the [Greek: ER] (properly [Greek: ER]) being
+[Greek: SR], and the [Greek: AU] in like manner [Greek: AS]. My coin
+gives the whole legend distinctly, and I can vouch for the exactitude of
+the above legend.
+
+I believe there appeared some years ago, in the _Revue de Numismatique_,
+an article on the coins of the Zenobian family, but I do not remember
+when it was published, nor the conclusions to which the writer came.
+That is, however, the most recent investigation of the subject, and to
+it I must refer MR. TAYLOR, as I have not access to that periodical
+here.
+
+Sir Gardner Wilkinson has published in the _Numismatic Chronicle_, vol.
+vii. or viii., an inscription containing the names of Zenobia and
+Vabalathus. After the name of Vabalathus, who has the title of
+Autocrator, is the word [Greek: ATH�NOD�ROU], which justifies the
+reading [Greek: Ath�nod�rou Huios] on the coins. Vabalathus is thus
+probably the son of Zenobia by a former husband, Athenodorus, while
+bearing himself the same name, as Vabalathus (better Vaballathus, as on
+the Alexandrian coins) is said to be equivalent to Athenodorus, Gift of
+Pallas.
+
+    W. H. S.
+
+  Edinburgh.
+
+
+MARRIAGE OF ECCLESIASTICS.
+
+(Vol. iv., pp. 57, 125, 193, 196, 298.)
+
+I entirely agree with you that your pages are not a fit battle-ground
+for theological controversy. Still, since the question of the
+translation of Heb. xiii. 4. has been mooted, I beg with much deference
+to suggest that it will not be quite right to let it fall to the ground
+unsettled, especially since CEPHAS has thought fit to charge those of
+our Reformers who translated the Scriptures with mistranslating
+advisedly, and with propagating new doctrines.
+
+CEPHAS'S version of the passage is right, and our English version is
+wrong; but the fault lies in the ignorance of our translators, an
+ignorance which they shared with all the scholars of their day, and many
+not bad scholars of our own, of the effect produced on the force of the
+article by the relation in which it stands to the other words in the
+clause, in point of order. [Greek: ho timios gamos] is "the honourable
+marriage;" [Greek: ho timios gamos esti] is "the honourable marriage
+is;" [Greek: ho gamos timios] is untranslateable, unless you supply
+[Greek: esti], and then it means "the marriage" (or, marriage in
+general, in the abstract) "is honourable." But [Greek: est�] might be
+supplied, as it is in Heb. xiii. 4., when it will mean, "let marriage be
+honourable:" and [Greek: timios ho gamos] has just the same meaning,
+with perhaps this difference, that the emphasis falls more distinctly on
+[Greek: timios]. The circumstance that the mere assertion that marriage
+is honourable in all (men or things), true as it is in itself, ill
+accords with the tenor of the passage of which it forms a part, which is
+hortatory, not assertive, is a good reason why CEPHAS'S version should
+be preferred. But when we find afterwards the words [Greek: kai h� koit�
+amiantos], it is impossible to deny this hortatory force to the
+sentence; for those words cannot mean "the undefiled bed:" and to
+translate them "the (or their) bed is undefiled"--which is the only
+version which they will here bear, but one--would give but a feeble
+sense. That sole remaining sense is, "the bed (let it) be undefiled;"
+subaudite [Greek: est�] in the verse is, "Let marriage be honourable in
+all" (men or things), "and the bed be undefiled; but (or for)
+whoremongers and adulterers God will judge." Had our translators known
+that [Greek: h� koit� amiantos] could not mean "the bed undefiled," they
+would at once have been driven to see that the verse is a commandment:
+and the commandment that marriage should be held honourable in all men
+(or in all respects), would have served the purpose of their doctrines
+quite as well as the affirmative form which they have given to their
+present version. I say, it would have served their purpose; but I say
+more: they heeded not what did or would serve their purpose. They looked
+only for the truth and disregarded all else in their pursuit of it. With
+regard to the controversy about [Greek: en pasi], it is immaterial which
+version be adopted. MR. WALTER is right in the rule which he enunciates,
+if he means that in those cases of adjectives in which the masculine and
+neuter forms are the same, "man" or "men," not "thing" or "things," must
+be understood: but it is not always observed, even in classical writers,
+either in Latin or in Greek. There is no reason why it should be broken
+here; and I do not believe it is broken. It must have been only by a
+slip of CEPHAS'S pen that he called [Greek: pasi] a feminine adjective.
+It undoubtedly refers to both sexes. I wish E. A. D. had given the Greek
+of the passages from Chrysostom and Augustine, of which he has
+communicated the Oxford translation, which is as likely to err, perhaps,
+as any other. Jerome's Latin, like the Vulgate, though the words are not
+precisely the same, gives a literal version of the Greek, without
+supplying any verb at all, either _est_ or _sit_, and, since the Latin
+has not that expressive power in cases like this which the article gives
+to the Greek, leaves the passage obscure and undecided.
+
+    THEOPHYLACT.
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_"Crowns have their Compass," &c._ (Vol. iv., p. 294.).--The lines
+alluded to by your correspondent MR. ABSALON form a inscription on a
+portrait of King James I. in the Cracherode Collection. (Vide Beloe's
+_Anecdotes_, vol. i. p. 210.)
+
+      "Crownes have their compasse, length of dayes their date,
+      Triumphes their tombes, felicitie her fate;
+      Of more than earth can earth make none partaker,
+      But knowledge makes the king most like his Maker."
+
+I am aware that this reference does not go to the "root of the matter,"
+if MR. ABSALON wishes to ascertain the author's name; but it may serve
+as a clue to further discovery.
+
+    MARGARET GATTY.
+
+  Ecclesfield.
+
+It is quite obvious what lines your correspondent alludes to, though the
+above quotation which he gives as the commencement of them is not quite
+correct, nor were they written with the object he supposes.
+
+I send a correct copy of them below, taken from Mr. Payne Collier's very
+interesting _Life of Shakspeare_, to whom they have always been
+attributed; and, it is said, with every show of reason. It is supposed
+they were written by him in the shape of a complimentary allusion to
+King James I., in grateful acknowledgment of the patronage bestowed by
+that monarch upon the stage. The subject is fully discussed at pp. 202,
+203. of Mr. Knight's volume, whence, indeed, the above information is
+derived; and he publishes the lines, as follows, stating then to be
+copied from a coeval manuscript in his possession:--
+
+      "SHAKSPEARE ON THE KING.
+
+      "Crowns have their compass--length of days their date--
+      Triumphs their tomb--felicity, her fate--
+      Of nought but earth can earth make us partaker,
+      But knowledge makes a king most like his Maker."
+
+Some one, to make the allusion more complete, that is, to over-do it,
+changed "_a_ king" into "_the_ king" in a subsequent publication of the
+lines. But this, as Mr. Payne Collier very justly feels, completely
+spoils the whole complexion of the epigram, and perverts a fine allusion
+into a raw personality.
+
+    J. J. A.
+
+_The Rev. Richard Farmer_ (Vol. iv., pp. 379.[4] 407.).--The
+observations of BOLTON CORNEY upon my incidental mention of Dr. Farmer,
+are, I think, wholly unwarranted, both in substance and manner,
+especially as he himself furnishes ample confirmation of its truth.
+
+  [Footnote 4: At page 379., second column, fifth line from bottom,
+  for "thrice" read "twice."]
+
+Taking his quotations in due order--
+
+1. The certificate of Dr. Farmer's character for learning and ability is
+unnecessary, because neither was impugned; nor does an allegation of
+atrocity in taste and judgment necessarily imply deficiency in mere
+book-learning.
+
+2. As for Isaac Reed's opinion in favour of Farmer's Essay, it might be
+met by many of directly opposite tendency, and of at least equal weight.
+
+3. In the only point really in question, BOLTON CORNEY "cannot deny that
+Farmer related the anecdote of the _wool-man_" (that being the reputed
+trade of Shakspeare's father); but to what end was it related, if not
+to suggest an application of which Steevens was only the interpreter?
+
+But BOLTON CORNEY thinks the character of the witness suspicious; he
+forgets that only just before he had stated that the anecdote and its
+application had been repeated in three editions, extending over thirteen
+years, all within the lifetime of Dr. Farmer!
+
+    A. E. B.
+
+  Leeds.
+
+_Earwig_ (Vol. iv., pp. 274. 411.).--The correspondent who asserts the
+_curious fact_ that Johnson, Richardson, and Webster do not notice the
+word _earwig_ must have consulted some expurgated editions of the works
+of those celebrated lexicographers--or else we must consider his
+assertion as a _curious fact_ in the history of literary oversights.
+
+    BOLTON CORNEY.
+
+
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+Although there are few books which have proved of greater utility to
+inquirers into the more recent history of England than Beatson's
+_Political Index_, yet it is also true that there are few which have
+more frequently or more justly caused the reader to feel the want of a
+new and improved edition. A very short examination, however, of Mr.
+Haydn's recently published Beatson's _Political Index Modernised, The
+Book of Dignities, containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the
+British Empire, Civil, Ecclesiastical, Judicial, Military, Naval, and
+Municipal, &c._, will satisfy the reader that such want has at length
+been supplied in a manner the most ample and the most satisfactory. For
+though we have referred to Beatson's well-known work for the purpose of
+furnishing a better idea of the _Book of Dignities_, we are bound to
+acknowledge that Mr. Haydn is justified in stating, that in the work in
+question he owes little more than the plan to Beatson. Mr. Haydn's
+volume not only contains many lists (among them the "Administrations of
+England, and the Judges of the Ecclesiastical Courts") not to be found
+in the _Political Index_, but the author has had the advantage of being
+permitted to search the various official records with the view of
+enabling him to give complete and accurate information. The result, of
+course, is obvious; namely, that just in the same proportion that our
+author surpasses Beatson in the extent and accuracy of his various
+lists, does the _Book of Dignities_ exceed its predecessor in usefulness
+to the official man, the historian, and the scholar.
+
+Mr. Hunt's experience as a public lecturer at the various literary and
+scientific institutions of the country, having convinced him that for
+the majority of the members of those institutions most of the existing
+works on natural philosophy are of too abstruse and technical a
+character--are, in short, sealed books,--he has been led to publish a
+small volume which we have no doubt will soon become extremely popular.
+It is entitled _Elementary Physics, an Introduction to the Study of
+Natural Philosophy_; and, as its object is to teach physical science so
+far as to render all the great deductions from observation and
+experiment satisfactorily clear, without encountering the difficulty of
+mathematics,--and no one is better able to do this, and throw a charm
+over such a subject, than the author of the _Poetry of Science_,--the
+work, which is illustrated with upwards of two hundred woodcuts, will be
+found eminently useful; not only to those who have neither time nor
+opportunity to carry their studies beyond its pages, but especially as a
+"first book" to those in whom it may awaken the desire for a more
+perfect knowledge of the beautiful and important truths of which it
+treats.
+
+The nature of the _Hand Atlas of Physical Geography, consisting of a
+Series of Maps and Illustrations, showing the Geographical Distribution
+of Natural Phenomena, embracing the Divisions of Geology, Hydrography,
+Meteorology, Natural History: from the Physikalischer Atlas of Berghaus,
+and the Maps of the Erdkunde, drawn by and under the immediate
+Superintendence of Drs. Ritter and Kiepert, Oetzel, Grimm, &c., by the
+Editor of the University Atlas of the Middle Ages_, is sufficiently
+described by its ample title-page; which shows, moreover, that the work
+is not a mere copy or reduction of the great atlas of Berghaus, on which
+it is founded. As a companion to the works of Humboldt, Mrs. Somerville,
+and other writers on physical geography, it will be found most useful;
+while its convenient size, and moderate price, place it within the reach
+of almost all classes of readers.
+
+CATALOGUES RECEIVED.--Nattali and Bond's (23. Bedford Street) Catalogue
+Part II. of Ancient and Modern Books; Adam Holden's (60. High Street,
+Exeter) Catalogue Part XXXIII. of Second-hand Books in Excellent
+Condition; B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue
+No. 37. of Books in Oriental Literature; J. Russell Smith's (4. Old
+Compton Street, Soho) Catalogue Part VII. of an Extensive Collection of
+Choice, Useful, and Curious Books.
+
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+HUNTER'S DEANERY OF DONCASTER. Vol. I. Large or small paper.
+
+CLARE'S RURAL MUSE.
+
+CHRISTIAN PIETY FREED FROM THE DELUSIONS OF MODERN ENTHUSIASTS. A.D.
+1756 or 1757.
+
+AN ANSWER TO FATHER HUDDLESTONE'S SHORT AND PLAIN WAY TO THE FAITH AND
+CHURCH. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo.
+
+REASONS FOR ABROGATING THE TEST IMPOSED UPON ALL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT.
+By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to.
+
+LEWIS'S LIFE OF CAXTON. 8vo. 1737.
+
+CATALOGUE OF JOSEPH AMES'S LIBRARY. 8vo. 1760.
+
+TRAPP'S COMMENTARY. Folio. Vol. I.
+
+WHITLAY'S PARAPHRASE ON THE NEW TESTAMENT. Folio. Vol. I. 1706.
+
+LONG'S ASTRONOMY. 4to. 1742.
+
+MAD. D'ARBLAY'S DIARY. Vol. II 1842.
+
+ADAMS' MORAL TALES.
+
+AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF DR. JOHNSON. 1805.
+
+  [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,
+  _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND
+  QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+J. NORTH _will find his Query respecting the_ Zollverein _answered in
+our_ 3rd Vol. p. 451. _His others shall appear shortly._
+
+LOVELACE'S POEMS. D. H. M. C. _is informed that these were reprinted in
+1817, under the editorship of our valued correspondent_ MR. SINGER.
+
+J. RAYNER, _who asks for names of present reigning sovereigns, of
+presidents of the United States for the last thirty years, and of the
+governors-general of India, is referred to Mr. Haydn's_ Book of
+Dignities _(noticed in our present number), where he will find all the
+information of which he is in search._
+
+W. S. W. _Many thanks for your kind reminder. The article is in type,
+although omitted this week from want of room._
+
+J. S. B. _is thanked. Such a list would be most useful._
+
+REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Pope's Honest Factor--Serpent with Human
+Head--Marriage of Ecclesiastics--Hobbes's Leviathan--Definition of
+Truth--Wearing Gloves before Royalty--Derivation of Earwig--Dictionary
+of Hackneyed Quotations--Passage in Campbell--"'Tis Twopence
+now"--Cozens the Painter--"Acu tinali meridi"--Nightingale and Thorn,
+&c.--Theodolite--Temple of �gina--Ashen Fagots--Cause of
+Transparency--Praed's Charade--Marriages in ruined Churches--Age of
+Trees--Joceline's Legacy--St. Bene't Fink--Bristol Tables--"A little
+Bird told me"--Lycian Inscriptions--Tuden Aled._
+
+_Copies of our_ Prospectus, _according to the suggestion of_ T. E. H.,
+_will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by
+circulating them._
+
+VOLS. I., II., _and_ III., _with very copious Indices, may still be had,
+price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth._
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES _is published at noon on Friday, so that our country
+Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped
+Edition is 10s. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office
+Order drawn in favour of our Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, 186 Fleet
+Street; _to whose care all communications for the Editor should be
+addressed._
+
+_Errata._--Page 345, for "FERMILODUM" read "FERMILODVNI;" p. 394. col.
+1. l. 34. for "Danish" read "Dutch;" p. 395. col. 1. l. 19. for
+"Dunfe_r_line" read "Dunfermline."
+
+
+
+
+This day are published at the
+
+      UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD,
+
+  THE LIFE OF JAMES DUKE OF ORMOND; containing an account of the
+  most remarkable affairs of his time, and particularly of Ireland
+  under his government: with an Appendix and a Collection of
+  Letters, serving to verify the most material facts in the said
+  History. A new Edition, carefully compared with the original MSS.
+  6 vols. 8vo. Price 2_l._ 6_s._ in boards.
+
+  NOVUM TESTAMENTUM GR�CUM. Accedunt parallela S. Scriptur� loca,
+  necnon vetus capitulorum notatio et canones Eusebii. 18mo. Price
+  3_s._ in boards.
+
+  THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT CONNECTED in the History of the Jews and
+  Neighbouring Nations, from the declension of the Kingdoms of
+  Israel and Judah to the time of Christ. By HUMPHREY PRIDEAUX, Dean
+  of Norwich. 2 vols. 8vo. Price 14_s._ in boards.
+
+  FASTI HELLENICI. The Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece and
+  Rome, from the CXXIVth Olympiad to the Death of Augustus. By HENRY
+  FYNES CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. Second
+  Edition, with additions. 4to. Price 1_l._ 12_s._ in boards.
+
+  An EPITOME of the the Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece from
+  the earliest Accounts to the Death of Augustus, By HENRY FYNES
+  CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. 8vo. Price
+  6_s._ 6_d._ in boards.
+
+  �SCHYLI Tragoedi� Superstites et Deperditarum Fragmenta ex
+  recensione G. DINDORFII. Tomus III. Scholia Gr�ca ex Codicibus
+  aucta et emendata. 8vo. Price 8_s._ 6_d._ in boards.
+
+  Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and 377. Strand, London: and E.
+  GARDNER, 7. Paternoster Row, London.
+
+
+THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST.
+
+      The Best Congou Tea             3_s._ 8_d._ per lb.
+      The Best Souchong Tea           4_s._ 4_d._   "
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+      The Fine True Ripe Rich
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+
+  PHILLIPS & CO., TEA MERCHANTS,
+
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+
+
+Churches of the Middle Ages,
+
+  By HENRY BOWMAN and J. T. CROWTHER, Architects, Manchester.
+
+  No. XVI. published this day.
+
+  CONTENTS.
+
+  S. PETER'S CLAYPOLE, LINCOLNSHIRE,
+
+      Plate 1.--Plan and Elevation of Sedilia in Chancel.
+       "    2.--Details of Sedilia, and Plan, Elevation, and
+                Details of Locker.
+
+  S. JOHN'S WAPPENBURY, WARWICKSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 2.--East and South Elevations of Chancel.
+        "   3.--Details of Chancel.
+
+  S. MARY'S FRAMPTON, LINCOLNSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 1.--Ground Plan.
+
+  S. PETER'S THREEKINGHAM, LINCOLNSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 5.--Longitudinal Section.
+
+  Price 9_s._ plain; 10_s._ 6_d._ tinted; 12_s._ proofs, on large
+  paper.
+
+  GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+
+This day is published, price 2_s._ 6_d._,
+
+  A FEW REMARKS
+
+      ON
+      A PAMPHLET BY MR. SHILLETO,
+      ENTITLED
+      "THUCYDIDES OR GROTE?"
+
+  Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON; London: GEORGE BELL; Oxford: J. H.
+  PARKER.
+
+
+TEN GUINEAS REWARD.
+
+  RUTHVEN, EARL OF GOWRIE.--PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of William, Earl of
+  Gowrie, married between the years 1615 and 1625, as generally
+  stated. The above reward will be paid to any person who may find
+  the place of marriage, and will produce a Certificate thereof.
+
+  THREE GUINEAS REWARD.
+
+  On the production of a Certificate of the Marriage of SIR ANTHONY
+  VAN DYCK with MARIA RUTHVEN, which took place in 1640.
+
+  THREE GUINEAS REWARD.
+
+  For any evidence of the Death or Burial of PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of
+  the before-mentioned Patrick, the brother of the said Maria Van
+  Dyck, formerly Ruthven. He was living in 1656 (then administrator
+  of his father's effects) and was dead probably before 1710.
+
+  Communications upon these points are to be transmitted to "The
+  Editor of NOTES AND QUERIES."
+
+
+December 1.
+
+  THE ART-JOURNAL, for DECEMBER, completes the Third Volume of the
+  New Series, for 1851; and contains the Title, Dedication to Prince
+  Albert, Table of Contents, &c.
+
+  The Volume of
+
+  THE ART-JOURNAL FOR 1851,
+
+  is this day published, containing Thirty-six Engravings on steel,
+  and several hundred Engravings on wood. Price 31_s._ 6_d._
+
+  To be had of all Booksellers in Town and Country.
+
+  THE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF THE GREAT EXHIBITION.
+
+  (Published in connection with the ART-JOURNAL), may still be
+  obtained of any Bookseller, but it will be soon "out of print."
+
+  Active preparations are in progress for introducing several marked
+  IMPROVEMENTS in the ART-JOURNAL: these will be evidenced in the
+  Part to be issued on the 1st of January, 1852; which, commencing a
+  new volume, affords a favourable opportunity for new Subscribers.
+
+
+Cloth 1_s._, pp. 169, by post 1_s._ 6_d._
+
+  WELSH SKETCHES, chiefly Ecclesiastical, to the Close of the
+  Twelfth Century. By the Author of "Proposals for Christian Union."
+
+  "Are written in the same attractive and popular style."--_Notes
+  and Queries._
+
+  "Show great research on the part of the Author into the early
+  history of the Principality. We can recommend this little work to
+  all those who are curious in these matters."--_Carmarthen
+  Journal._
+
+  London: JAMES DARLING, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-inn-fields.
+
+
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+  ALMANACKS FOR 1852.
+
+  WHITAKER'S CLERGYMAN'S DIARY, for 1852, will contain a Diary, with
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+
+  WHITAKER'S PENNY ALMANACK FOR CHURCHMEN. Containing thirty-six
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+
+
+VERY IMPORTANT MANUSCRIPTS.
+
+  PUTTICK AND SIMPSON. Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL
+  by AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on THURSDAY,
+  December 4, a collection of valuable Manuscripts, including many
+  important Records of English Counties and Families, Deeds and
+  Charters from a very early date, some having interesting and
+  curious seals; numerous Original Documents relating to English
+  monasteries; large collection of Drawings of Antiquities in
+  various English counties, particularly Gloucestershire; most
+  interesting MS. relating to London; Libellus Beati Misericordis, a
+  legendary MS. of about the year 1350; "The Booke that ys cleped
+  the Mirrour of the Blissed Liffe of Jhesu Criste," an English MS.
+  of about the year 1449; Churchwardens' Accounts for Berkhampstead,
+  1585 to 1746, an important MS.; the unpublished Diary of Walter
+  Yonge, 1640 to 1649, 6 vols.; Diary of the Rev. J. Hopkins, A.D.
+  1700; Gemistus and Phurnutus, an important Greek MS. of the
+  fifteenth century; some interesting Italian Historical MSS., and
+  Autograph Letters. Catalogues will be sent on application (if in
+  the country, on receipt of two stamps).
+
+
+In 2 vols. imperial 8vo., price 4_l._ 10_s._ Illustrated by upwards of
+2000 Engravings on Wood.
+
+  THE IMPERIAL DICTIONARY, English, Technological, and Scientific;
+  adapted to the present State of Literature, Science, and Art, on
+  the Basis of "Webster's English Dictionary;" with the Addition of
+  many Thousand Words and Phrases from the other Standard
+  Dictionaries and Encyclop�dias, and from numerous other sources;
+  comprising all Words purely English, and the principal and most
+  generally used Technical and Scientific Terms, together with their
+  Etymologies, and their Pronunciation, according to the best
+  authorities.
+
+  CHARACTER OF THE WORK.
+
+  This work is admitted to be superior to any Dictionary hitherto
+  offered to the public. See opinions in Prospectus from Rev. James
+  Robertson, D.D., Professor of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History,
+  University of Edinburgh; Rev. Phillip Killand, M.A., Professor of
+  Mathematics, University of Edinburgh; Rev. John Fleming, D.D.,
+  Professor of Natural Science, New College, Edinburgh; Rev. Thomas
+  Luby, Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin; James Thomson,
+  LL.D., Professor of Mathematics, University of Glasgow.
+
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+
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+Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9_s._; Morocco elegant, 11_s._
+
+  BOOK OF SCOTTISH SONG; a Collection of the Best and most approved
+  Songs of Scotland, Ancient and Modern; with Critical and
+  Historical Notices regarding them and their Authors, and an Essay
+  on Scottish Song. With engraved Frontispiece and Title.
+
+  "The neatest and most comprehensive collection of Scottish
+  minstrelsy, ancient and modern."--_Edinburgh Advertiser._
+
+  Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9_s._; Morocco elegant,
+  11_s._
+
+  BOOK OF SCOTTISH BALLADS; a Comprehensive Collection of the
+  Ballads of Scotland, with numerous Illustrative Notes, by the
+  Editor of "The Book of Scottish Song." With engraved Frontispiece
+  and Title.
+
+  "A rich and valuable collection--accompanied by critical and
+  bibliographical illustrations which add largely to the interest of
+  the volume."--_John Bull._
+
+  BLACKIE & SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street,
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+
+
+Vols. I. and II. now ready.
+
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+
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+CHOICE AND USEFUL BOOKS,
+
+  AT
+
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+
+  =Ashmole's= Institution, Laws, and Ceremonies of the Order of the
+  Garter, fine plates by Hollar, with an Autograph Letter of Ashmole
+  inserted, folio, neat. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1672.
+
+  =Anderson's= Royal Genealogies, best edition, folio, neat. 2_l._
+  1736.
+
+  =Banks's= Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England, with
+  Supplement, 4 vols. 4to. hf. bd. calf. 1_l._ 16_s._ 1807-37.
+
+  ---- Baronia Anglica Concentrata; or, An Account of Baronies in
+  Fee, with the Proofs of Parliamentary Sitting from the Reign of
+  Edward I., 2 vols. 4to. 1_l._ 1_s._ 1844.
+
+  =Bracton= De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angli�, best edition,
+  folio, very neat. 2_l._ 2_s._ 1569.
+
+  =Britton's= Cathedral Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates,
+  large paper, 6 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. uncut. 15_l._ 15_s._
+  1814-36.
+
+  ---- Architectural= Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates,
+  large paper, 4 vols. royal 4to. russia extra. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1807-14.
+
+  =Berry's= Encyclop�dia of Heraldry, plates, 3 vols. 4to. cf. gt.
+  3_l._ 3_s._ 1820.
+
+  =Bibliotheca= Topographica Britannica (Nichols's) a Collection of
+  Topographical, Antiquarian, and Biographical Tracts, 8 thick vols.
+  4to. boards, very scarce 14_l._ 14_s._ 1780-90.
+
+  =Collectanea= Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols. royal 8vo.
+  5_l._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1834-43.
+
+  =Carte's History of the Life of James Duke of Ormonde, 1610-88, 3
+  vols. folio, very neat. 3_l._ 15_s._ 1735-6.
+
+  =Chronicles= of England and France, by Froissart and Monstrelet,
+  translated by JOHNES, with the Memoirs of Froissart and John Lord
+  de Joinville, plates, 9 vols. royal 4to. fine set, russia extra.
+  12_l._ 12_s._ 1803-10.
+
+  =Devonshire.=--Oliver's Monasticon Diocesis Exoniensis, fine
+  plates, folio, calf extra. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1846.
+
+  =Domesday= Book, with the Introduction and Indexes, also the
+  Supplements, 4 vols. folio, new, hf. bd. calf. 7_l._ 10_s._
+  1783-1816.
+
+  =Dibdin's= Bibliographical, Antiquarian, and Picturesque Tour in
+  France and Germany, fine plates, best edition, 3 vols. royal 8vo.
+  russia extra. 6_l._ 10_s._ 1821.
+
+  =Drummond's= Histories of Noble British Families, numerous fine
+  Plates, some in colours. 2 vols. royal folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+  21_l._ 1846.
+
+  =Dugdale's= History of the Imbanking and Draining of Fens, &c.,
+  plates, folio, very neat. 2_l._ 1772.
+
+  =Dumont= et Rousset, Corps Universel Diplomatique du Droit des
+  Gens, ou Recueil de Traites de Paix, de Treve, &c. &c. 30 vols.
+  large paper, folio, fine copy, calf. 10_l._ 10_s._ 1726-39.
+
+  =Essex.=--Morant's History of the County, plates, best edition, 2
+  vols. folio, uncut. 6_l._ 6_s._ 1768.
+
+  =Fenn's= Original Letters of the Paston Family, written during the
+  reigns of Henry VI., Edw. IV., &c., 5 vols. 4to. fine copy in
+  russia, very scarce. 6_l._ 16_s._ 6_d._ 1787-1823.
+
+  =Fosbrooke's= Encyclop�dia of Antiquities, with the Foreign
+  Topography, plates, best edition, 3 vols. 4to. calf extra. 2_l._
+  15_s._ 1823-8.
+
+  =Fox's= Book of Martyrs, numerous curious cuts, &c. 3 vols. folio
+  calf, very neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._ 1641.
+
+  =Fuller's= Worthies of England, with the Index, folio, very neat,
+  2_l._ 2_s._ 1662.
+
+  =Grimaldi's= Origines Genealogic�, 4to. calf gilt, scarce, 2_l._
+  2_s._ 1828.
+
+  =Gough's= Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain fine plates, large
+  folio. 1786-96.
+
+  ---- British Topography, an Account of what has been done for
+  illustrating Topographical Antiquities, 2 vols. 4to. very neat.
+  1_l._ 8_s._ 1780.
+
+  =Grose's= Antiquities of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland,
+  several hundred plates, 12 vols. imperial 8vo. russia. 8_l._ 8_s._
+  1784, &c.
+
+  =Guillim's= Heraldry, fine plates, best edition, thick folio,
+  neat. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1724.
+
+  =Hertfordshire.=--Chauncy's History of the County, plates,
+  including the scarce ones, fine copy, calf. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1700.
+
+  =Hertfordshire.=--Clutterbuck's History of the County, fine
+  plates, 3 vols. folio, very clean copy, in boards, 11_l._ 11_s._
+  (Published at 18_l._ 18_s._) 1815-27.
+
+  =Lelandi= de Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, cum T. Hearnii,
+  plates, 6 vols, 8vo. neat. 2_l._ 16_s._ 1770.
+
+  =Lysons'= Magna Britannia, an Account of the Counties of Beds,
+  Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cornwall, Cumberland, Derby,
+  and Devon, many plates, 6 vols, 4to. hf. bd. neat. 3_l._ 13_s._
+  6_d._ 1806-22.
+
+  ---- Account of the Environs of London, with the Supplement,
+  plates, best edition, 6 vols. 4to. half russia. 3_l._ 10_s._
+  1792-6.
+
+  =London.=--Stow's Survey, many plates, best edition by Strype, 2
+  vols. folio, fine copy in russia. 1754.
+
+  ---- Wilkinson's Graphic and Historical Illustrations, 207
+  interesting plates, 2 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._
+  1819-25.
+
+  =Madox's Firma Burgi, Baronia Anglica, Formulare Anglicanum, and
+  History of the Exchequer, large paper. 4 vols. folio, russia, gilt
+  edges. 3_l._ 16_s._ 1727. &c.
+
+  =Manuscripts in the British Museum.--Catalogues of the Cottonian,
+  Harleian, and Lansdowne Collections, 6 vols. folio. 5_l._ 10_s._
+  1802-19.
+
+  =Montfaucon= (B. De), Les Monumens de la Monarchie Fran�aise,
+  numerous fine plates, 5 vols. folio, neat in calf, scarce. 8_l._
+  18_s._ 6_d._ Paris, 1729-33.
+
+  =Meyrick's= Ancient Armour, last edition, much enlarged, fine
+  coloured engravings, 3 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco. 8_l._ 18_s._
+  6_d._ 1844.
+
+  =Murphy's= Arabian Antiquities of Spain, 100 fine engravings,
+  large folio, hf. bd. morocco, 7_l._ 7_s._
+
+  =Neale's= Views of Seats, nearly 900 fine plates, proofs on India
+  paper, with descriptions, large paper, 11 vols. 4to. 12_l._
+  (Published at 55 guineas.) 1822-9.
+
+  =Nichols's= Progresses and Processions of Queen Elizabeth, also of
+  King James I., plates, 7 vols. 4to. fine copy, new in calf. 9_l._
+  1823-8.
+
+  =Norfolk.=--Blomefield and Parkin's History of the County, plates,
+  large paper, 11 vols. 4to. fine copy, calf. 9_l._ 1805-10.
+
+  ---- and Suffolk.--Cotman's Engravings of the Sepulchral Brasses
+  in those Counties, original edition, folio, hf. bd. 2_l._ 15_s._
+  1819.
+
+  ---- another new edition enlarged, 2 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+  4_l._ 14_s._ 6_d._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1838.
+
+  ---- Cotman's Architectural Antiquities of the County, 240 fine
+  plates, with Descriptions by Rickman, 2 vols. large folio, hf. bd.
+  morocco. 7_l._ 7_s._ 1838.
+
+  =Nottinghamshire.=--Thoroton's History of the County, with
+  additions by Thoresby, plates, 3 vols. 4to. very neat. 2_l_ 15_s._
+  1797.
+
+  =Oxfordshire.=--Plat's History of the County, best edition, folio,
+  fine copy, calf. 1_l._ 10_s._ 1705.
+
+  ---- Skelton's Antiquities of the County, fine plates, royal 4to.
+  calf extra. 2_l._ 8_s._
+
+  ---- The same, with the Oxonia Antiqua Restaurata, the Colleges,
+  Halls, &c. and the Record of Oxford Founders, 4 vols. royal 4to.
+  cloth. 6_l._ 10_s._ (Published at 24_l._) 1823-8.
+
+  =Painter's= Palace of Pleasure, a series of Tales which appeared
+  during the reign of Elizabeth, edited by Haslewood, 2 vols. 4to.
+  hf. russia, uncut. 2_l._ 15_s._ 1813.
+
+  =Picart's= Ceremonies and Religious Customs of various Nations,
+  fine plates, large paper, 7 vols. large folio, hf. bd. 5_l._ 1733.
+
+  =Rolls= (The) of Parliament, comprising the Petitions, Pleas, &c.,
+  from Edward I. to Henry VII., with Index, 7 vols. folio, hf. bd.
+  neat. 2_l._ 15_s._
+
+  =Sandford's= Genealogical History of the Kings and Queens of
+  England, best edition, by Stebbing, plates, fine copy. 6_l._
+  10_s._ 1707.
+
+  =Somersetshire.=--Collinson's History of the County, plates, with
+  some scarce additional ones inserted, 3 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd.
+  uncut. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1791.
+
+
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November 29, 1851.
+
+
+
+
+      [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV]
+
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. I.                                   |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.     | Date, Year        | Pages     | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No.  1 | November  3, 1849 |   1 -  17 | PG #  8603  |
+      | Vol. I No.  2 | November 10, 1849 |  18 -  32 | PG # 11265  |
+      | Vol. I No.  3 | November 17, 1849 |  33 -  46 | PG # 11577  |
+      | Vol. I No.  4 | November 24, 1849 |  49 -  63 | PG # 13513  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No.  5 | December  1, 1849 |  65 -  80 | PG # 11636  |
+      | Vol. I No.  6 | December  8, 1849 |  81 -  95 | PG # 13550  |
+      | Vol. I No.  7 | December 15, 1849 |  97 - 112 | PG # 11651  |
+      | Vol. I No.  8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652  |
+      | Vol. I No.  9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 10 | January   5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG #        |
+      | Vol. I No. 11 | January  12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653  |
+      | Vol. I No. 12 | January  19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575  |
+      | Vol. I No. 13 | January  26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 14 | February  2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558  |
+      | Vol. I No. 15 | February  9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929  |
+      | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193  |
+      | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 18 | March     2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544  |
+      | Vol. I No. 19 | March     9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638  |
+      | Vol. I No. 20 | March    16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409  |
+      | Vol. I No. 21 | March    23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958  |
+      | Vol. I No. 22 | March    30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 23 | April     6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505  |
+      | Vol. I No. 24 | April    13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925  |
+      | Vol. I No. 25 | April    20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747  |
+      | Vol. I No. 26 | April    27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 27 | May       4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712  |
+      | Vol. I No. 28 | May      11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684  |
+      | Vol. I No. 29 | May      18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197  |
+      | Vol. I No. 30 | May      25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. II.                                  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.      | Date, Year         | Pages   | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 31 | June  1, 1850      |   1- 15 | PG # 12589  |
+      | Vol. II No. 32 | June  8, 1850      |  17- 32 | PG # 15996  |
+      | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850      |  33- 48 | PG # 26121  |
+      | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850      |  49- 64 | PG # 22127  |
+      | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850      |  65- 79 | PG # 22126  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 36 | July  6, 1850      |  81- 96 | PG # 13361  |
+      | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850      |  97-112 | PG # 13729  |
+      | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850      | 113-128 | PG # 13362  |
+      | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850      | 129-143 | PG # 13736  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 40 | August  3, 1850    | 145-159 | PG # 13389  |
+      | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850    | 161-176 | PG # 13393  |
+      | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850    | 177-191 | PG # 13411  |
+      | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850    | 193-207 | PG # 13406  |
+      | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850    | 209-223 | PG # 13426  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 45 | September  7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427  |
+      | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462  |
+      | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936  |
+      | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 49 | October  5, 1850   | 289-304 | PG # 13480  |
+      | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850   | 305-320 | PG # 13551  |
+      | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850   | 321-351 | PG # 15232  |
+      | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850   | 353-367 | PG # 22624  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 53 | November  2, 1850  | 369-383 | PG # 13540  |
+      | Vol. II No. 54 | November  9, 1850  | 385-399 | PG # 22138  |
+      | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850  | 401-415 | PG # 15216  |
+      | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850  | 417-431 | PG # 15354  |
+      | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850  | 433-454 | PG # 15405  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 58 | December  7, 1850  | 457-470 | PG # 21503  |
+      | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850  | 473-486 | PG # 15427  |
+      | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850  | 489-502 | PG # 24803  |
+      | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850  | 505-524 | PG # 16404  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. III.                                 |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.       | Date, Year        | Pages   | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 62 | January  4, 1851  |   1- 15 | PG # 15638  |
+      | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851  |  17- 31 | PG # 15639  |
+      | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851  |  33- 47 | PG # 15640  |
+      | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851  |  49- 78 | PG # 15641  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 66 | February  1, 1851 |  81- 95 | PG # 22339  |
+      | Vol. III No. 67 | February  8, 1851 |  97-111 | PG # 22625  |
+      | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639  |
+      | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 70 | March  1, 1851    | 161-174 | PG # 23204  |
+      | Vol. III No. 71 | March  8, 1851    | 177-200 | PG # 23205  |
+      | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851    | 201-215 | PG # 23212  |
+      | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851    | 217-231 | PG # 23225  |
+      | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851    | 233-255 | PG # 23282  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 75 | April  5, 1851    | 257-271 | PG # 23402  |
+      | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851    | 273-294 | PG # 26896  |
+      | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851    | 297-311 | PG # 26897  |
+      | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851    | 313-342 | PG # 26898  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 79 | May  3, 1851      | 345-359 | PG # 26899  |
+      | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851      | 361-382 | PG # 32495  |
+      | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851      | 385-399 | PG # 29318  |
+      | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851      | 401-415 | PG # 28311  |
+      | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851      | 417-440 | PG # 36835  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 84 | June  7, 1851     | 441-472 | PG # 37379  |
+      | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851     | 473-488 | PG # 37403  |
+      | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851     | 489-511 | PG # 37496  |
+      | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851     | 513-528 | PG # 37516  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. IV.                                  |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol., No.       | Date, Year         | Pages   | PG # xxxxx |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 88  | July  5, 1851      |   1- 15 | PG # 37548 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 89  | July 12, 1851      |  17- 31 | PG # 37568 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 90  | July 19, 1851      |  33- 47 | PG # 37593 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 91  | July 26, 1851      |  49- 79 | PG # 37778 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 92  | August  2, 1851    |  81- 94 | PG # 38324 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 93  | August  9, 1851    |  97-112 | PG # 38337 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 94  | August 16, 1851    | 113-127 | PG # 38350 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 95  | August 23, 1851    | 129-144 | PG # 38386 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 96  | August 30, 1851    | 145-167 | PG # 38405 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No.  97 | Sept.  6, 1851     | 169-183 | PG # 38433 |
+      | Vol. IV No.  98 | Sept. 13, 1851     | 185-200 | PG # 38491 |
+      | Vol. IV No.  99 | Sept. 20, 1851     | 201-216 | PG # 38574 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851     | 217-246 | PG # 38656 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct.  4, 1851      | 249-264 | PG # 38701 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851      | 265-287 | PG # 38773 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851      | 289-303 | PG # 38864 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851      | 305-333 | PG # 38926 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov.  1, 1851      | 337-358 | PG # 39076 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov.  8, 1851      | 361-374 | PG # 39091 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851      | 377-396 | PG # 39135 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851      | 401-414 | PG # 39197 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850]             | PG # 13536 |
+      | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850     | PG # 13571 |
+      | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851     | PG # 26770 |
+      +------------------------------------------------+------------+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number
+109, November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
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+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109,
+November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109, November 29, 1851
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+              Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: March 23, 2012 [EBook #39233]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+
+<h1>
+<span id="idno">Vol. IV.&mdash;No. 109.</span>
+
+<span>NOTES <small>AND</small> QUERIES:</span>
+
+<span id="id1"> A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION</span>
+
+<span id="id2"> FOR</span>
+<span id="id3"> LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</span>
+
+</h1>
+
+<div class="center1">
+<p class="noindent"><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;C<span class="smcap lowercase">APTAIN</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">UTTLE.</span></p>
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent center smaller">V<span class="smcap lowercase">OL</span>. IV.&mdash;No. 109.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent center smaller">S<span class="smcap lowercase">ATURDAY</span>, N<span class="smcap lowercase">OVEMBER</span> 29. 1851.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent center smaller"> Price Threepence. Stamped Edition, 4<i>d.</i></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2><span>CONTENTS.</span></h2>
+
+
+<p class="larger"> N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES</span>:&mdash; </p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Thomas More and John Fisher
+                                     <a title="Go to page 417" href="#Page_417">417</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Notes on Newspapers, by
+ H. M. Bealby                        <a title="Go to page 418" href="#Page_418">418</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Treatise of Equivocation
+                                     <a title="Go to page 419" href="#Page_419">419</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Notes on Virgil, by Dr. Henry
+                                     <a title="Go to page 420" href="#Page_420">420</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Minor Notes:&mdash;Verses presented, to General Monck&mdash;Justice
+      to Pope Pius V.                <a title="Go to page 421" href="#Page_421">421</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="larger">Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Crosses and Crucifixes
+                                     <a title="Go to page 422" href="#Page_422">422</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Master of the Buckhounds, by John Branfill Harrison
+                                     <a title="Go to page 422" href="#Page_422">422</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Minor Queries:&mdash;"No Cross no Crown"&mdash;Dido and
+      �neas&mdash;Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among
+      the Athenians&mdash;French Refugees&mdash;Isabel, Queen of
+      the Isle of Man&mdash;Grand-daughter of John Hampden&mdash;Cicada
+      or Tettigonia Septemdecim&mdash;The British Sidanen&mdash;Jenings
+      or Jennings&mdash;Caleva Atrebatum,
+      Site of&mdash;Abigail&mdash;Etymology of Durden&mdash;Connecticut
+      Halfpenny                      <a title="Go to page 423" href="#Page_423">423</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">M<span class="smcap lowercase">INOR</span>   Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>
+A<span class="smcap lowercase">NSWERED</span>:&mdash;Arms displayed on Spread
+      Eagle&mdash;St. Beuno&mdash;Lists of Knights Bachelor&mdash;Walker&mdash;See
+      of Durham                      <a title="Go to page 424" href="#Page_424">424</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="larger">  R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPLIES</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5">Convocation of York
+                                     <a title="Go to page 425" href="#Page_425">425</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> The Old Countess of Desmond
+                                     <a title="Go to page 426" href="#Page_426">426</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Coins of Vabalathus
+                                     <a title="Go to page 427" href="#Page_427">427</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Marriage of Ecclesiastics
+                                     <a title="Go to page 427" href="#Page_427">427</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Replies to Minor Queries:&mdash;"Crowns have their Compass"&mdash;The
+      Rev. Richard Farmer&mdash;Earwig
+                                     <a title="Go to page 428" href="#Page_428">428</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="larger">M<span class="smcap lowercase">ISCELLANEOUS</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &amp;c.
+                                     <a title="Go to page 429" href="#Page_429">429</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Books and Odd Volumes wanted
+                                     <a title="Go to page 429" href="#Page_429">429</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Notices to Correspondents
+                                     <a title="Go to page 430" href="#Page_430">430</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Advertisements <a title="Go to page 430" href="#Page_430">430</a>
+     <span class="pagenum">[417]</span><a id="Page_417"></a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> <a id="was_added1"></a><a title="Go to list of vol. numbers and pages" href="#pageslist1"  class="fnanchor">List
+of Notes and Queries volumes and pages</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Notes.</span>
+</h2>
+
+<h3>
+<span>THOMAS MORE AND JOHN FISHER.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>Although I am afraid
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>" may not be considered as open
+to contributions purely bibliographical, and admitting I am uncertain
+whether the following copy of the treatise of John Fisher, Bishop of
+Rochester, has been before noted, I am induced to send this extract from
+Techener's <i>Bulletin du Bibliophile</i> for May 1851. The book is in the
+library at Douai.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> "This Treatise concernynge the fruytful Saynges of David the King
+   and prophete in the seven penytencyall psalmes, devyded in <i>ten</i>
+   sermons, was made and compyled by the ryght reverente fader in
+   god Johan Fyssher, doctour of dyvinyte and bysshop of Rochester,
+   at the exortacion and sterynge of the most excellent pryncesse
+   Margarete, Countesse of Richemount and Derby, and moder to out
+   souverayne Lorde Kynge H&#275;ry the VII."</p>
+
+<p>It is described as a small 4to., printed upon vellum, in Gothic letters,
+at London, 1508, by Wynkyn de Worde, and contains 146 leaves. On the
+first leaf it has a portcullis, crowned with the motto "Dieu et mon
+Droit." On the recto of the last leaf there is&mdash;</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> "Here endeth the exposycyon of the 7 psalmes. Enprynted at London
+   in the fletestrete, at the sygne of y<span class="topnum">e</span> Sonne, by Wynkyn de
+   Worde. In the yere of oure lorde
+<span class="smcap lowercase">M.CCCCC.VIII.</span> y<span class="topnum">e</span>
+16 day of y<span class="topnum">e</span>
+   moneth of Juyn. The <span class="smcap lowercase">XXIII.</span> yere of y<span class="topnum">e</span> reygne of our souverayne
+   Lorde Kynge H&#275;ry the Seventh."</p>
+
+<p>At the back, there is the sun, the monogram of Wynkyn de Worde&mdash;the
+letters W. C. displayed as usual&mdash;and beneath, "Wynkyn de Worde."</p>
+
+<p>At the beginning of the book, "sur une garde en v�lin" (a fly-leaf of
+vellum?), there is written in a very neat hand the following ten verses,
+the profession of faith of Thomas Morus and of his friend John Fisher,
+Bishop of Rochester:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+    <p>  "The surest meanes for to attaine</p>
+      <p>The perfect waye to endlesse blisse</p>
+      <p>Are happie lief and to remaine</p>
+    <p>  W<span class="topnum">th</span>in y<span class="topnum">e</span> church where virtue is;</p>
+      <p>And if thy conscience be sae sounde</p>
+      <p>To thinse thy faith is truth indeede</p>
+      <p>Beware in thee noe schisme be founde</p>
+     <p> That unitie may have her meede;</p>
+     <p> If unitie thow doe embrace</p>
+      <p>In heaven (<i>en</i>?)joy possesse thy place."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">Beneath&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+      <p>"Qui non rect� vivit in unitate ecclesi�</p>
+     <p> Catholic�, salvus esse non potest."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">And lower on the same page&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+      <p>"Thomas Morus dn&#772;s cancellarius Angli�</p>
+      <p>Joh. Fisher Ep�s Roffensis."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>It is traditionally reported, upon the testimony of some Anglican
+Benedictines (an order now extinct), that the lines which contain the
+profession of faith, and those which follow, are in the handwriting of
+Bishop Fisher, and that the work was<a id="Page_418"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[418]</span>
+ presented by him to the
+chancellor, during their imprisonment, when by order of Henry VIII. the
+chancellor was denied the consolation of his books.</p>
+
+<p>In the same library there is a fine Psalter, which belonged to Queen
+Elizabeth. The <i>Livre d'Heures</i> of Mary Queen of Scots was here also to
+be found: "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland." It is
+conjectured these books were brought to Douai by the fugitive English
+Roman Catholic priests. In 1790 their collections were confiscated and
+given to the public library of Douai. It would be of interest to
+ascertain, if possible, the authenticity of the <i>Heures � l'Usage</i>,
+stated to have belonged to Mary Queen of Scots. Upon this point one may
+be permitted to be sceptical. I have myself seen two. One of these, it
+was said, had been used by Mary on the scaffold, and contained a note in
+the handwriting, as I think, of James II. attesting the fact. It was
+understood to have been obtained from a monastery in France. The other,
+a small Prayer Book MS. in vellum, of good execution, had the signature
+"M." with a line I think over it of "O Lord, deliver me from my
+enemies!" in French. I am, however, now writing from memory, and, in the
+first case, of very many years.</p>
+
+<p>Whether the line, "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland," be
+written in the Psalter, or has been added by the mental excitement of M.
+Duthill&oelig;ul, the librarian at Douai, I cannot decide. The grand
+culmination of "and Queen of Scotland" forms doubtless a very striking
+anti-thesis: but neither the possessor of the book nor a priest would
+have so sunk the martyr, although a woman and a queen were alike
+concerned, as this line does. Lowndes states there is a copy of the
+bishop's treatise on vellum at Cambridge. A copy is in the British
+Museum; but the title, according, to Lowndes, has <i>seven</i> sermons. It
+will be observed the title now given has <i>ten</i>.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> S. H.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>The social elements of society in the seventeenth century were more
+simple in their character and development than at the present period.
+The population was comparatively small, and therefore the strivings for
+success in any pursuit did not involve that severe conflict which is so
+frequently the case in the present day. Society then was more of a
+community than it is now. It had not public bodies to aid it. It was
+left more to its own inherent resources for reciprocal good, and for
+mutual help. The temptations to evade and dissemble, in matters of
+business, or private and public negotiations, were not so strong as they
+now are. Its transactions were more transparent and defined, because
+they were fewer and less complicated than many of our own. We readily
+grant that society now, in its social, religious, and commercial
+aspects, enjoys advantages immeasurably superior to those of any former
+period; still there are some few advantages which it had then, that it
+cannot possess now. The following advertisements, from the newspapers of
+the time, will illustrate the truth of the foregoing remarks:</p>
+
+<p>From a <i>Collection for Improvement of Husbandry and Trade</i>.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> Friday, January 26, 1693/4.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">"One that is fit to keep a Warehouse, be a Steward, or do any
+   Business that can be supposed an intelligent Man that has been a
+   Shopkeeper is fit for, and can give any Security that can be
+   desired, as far as Ten Thousand Pound goes, and has some Estate
+   of his own, desires an Employment of One hundred Pounds a year,
+   or upwards. I can give an account of him."</p>
+
+<p>That a man having 10,000<i>l.</i> to give as security, and in possession of
+an estate, should require a situation of 100<i>l.</i> per annum, sounds oddly
+enough in our ears. "I can give an account of him," denotes that the
+editor was a man well known and duly appreciated. He appears to have
+been a scribe useful in many ways. He was known, and knowing.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">Friday, February 2, 1693/4.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> "A very eminent Brewer, and one I know to be a very honest
+   Gentleman, wants an Apprentice. I can give an account of him."</p>
+
+<p>In what sense the word "honest" must here be taken it is difficult to
+define. As an eminent brewer, we should naturally conclude he must have
+been an honest man. He is here very eminent and very honest.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> Friday March 16, 1693/4.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> "Many Masters want Apprentices, and many Youths want Masters. If
+   they apply themselves to me, I'll strive to help them. Also for
+   variety of valuable services."</p>
+
+<p>Here is the editor of a paper offering his help to masters and
+apprentices for their mutual good. Let us suppose an advertisement of
+this kind appearing in <i>The Times</i> of our own day. Printing-house Square
+would not contain a tithe of the individuals who would present
+themselves for the reception of this accommodating aid. In such a case
+the editors (as it regards their particular duties) would be cyphers,
+for a continuous absorption of their time would necessarily occur in the
+carrying out of this benevolent offer. This advertisement may be
+considered as <i>multum in parvo</i>, giving the wants of the many in an
+announcement of three or four lines, connecting them with a variety of
+services which in those days were thought to be valuable. How greatly
+are we assisted by these little incidents in forming correct views of
+the state of society at that period.</p>
+
+<p>The next advertisement shows the value set upon the services of one who
+was to perform the duties of a clerk, and to play well on the
+violin.<a id="Page_419"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[419]</span></p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> "If any young Man that plays well on a Violin, and writes a good
+   Hand, desires a Clerkship, I can help him to Twenty Pounds a
+   year."</p>
+
+<p>Of course twenty pounds was of more value then than it is now: still it
+seems a small sum for the performance of such duties, for twelve months.
+Here is musical talent required for the amusement of others, in
+combination with the daily duties of a particular profession. An
+efficient musician, and a good writer, and all for 20<i>l.</i> per annum! We
+learn by the editor's "I can help him," his readiness to assist all who
+would advertise in his journal, to obtain those employments which their
+advertisements specified.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">Friday, April 6, 1694.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">  "A Grocer of good business desires an Apprentice of good growth."</p>
+
+<p>The "good growth" must have been intended to convey the idea of height
+and strength.</p>
+
+<p>My next article shall be devoted to advertisements of another class,
+further illustrating the state of society and the peculiarities of the
+people at the end of the seventeenth century.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">H. M. B<span class="smcap lowercase">EALBY.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left">North Brixton.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>As having originated the inquiry in
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span>
+Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>"<a id="queries1"></a><a title="Go to footnote 1." href="#fn1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> respecting
+this Treatise, under the signature of J. M., I feel great obligation
+both to the editor of that journal, and the editor of the Treatise
+itself, for having brought it to light by publication, and added it to
+the stock of accurate and very important historical information. Indeed,
+a real vacancy was left for it; and it is a subject of high
+self-gratulation, that a boon previously, and for a length of time,
+hidden and unproductive, is now accessible and operative without limit.
+I have no doubt that all your readers, and the whole reading public,
+join with me in rejoicing that the editorship of the work has fallen
+into hands so competent and so successful.</p>
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn1"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#queries1" class="label">[1]</a> Vol. i., pp. 263. 357.;
+Vol. ii., pp. 136. 168. 446. 490.</p>
+
+<p>I was, not for ten, but twenty years or more, in quest of the MS. now so
+happily made public property, and should have fallen upon it much
+earlier, but for the misleading title under which it appears, where it
+<i>is</i> really; for it has been found. In the <i>Catalogus Lib. MSS.</i>: Ox.
+1697, among the Laudian MSS. appears, p. 62., "968.95. <i>A Treatise</i>
+against <i>Equivocation, or fraudulent Dissimulation</i>." <i>Against!</i> when no
+such word is in the original, and the real matter and meaning is <i>for</i>!
+I had, at some early time, marked the very entry; but presuming that the
+work had been actually <i>printed</i> (which I believe it was in a very few
+copies, which have disappeared), naturally enough I did not pursue the
+search in that direction. Others, I am happy, have, and I am gratified.</p>
+
+<p>The work is very important; for there is not a work more evidently
+genuine and authentic than this is proved to be by plain historic
+evidence, both as to the document itself and the facts which it attests.
+The witness, or witnesses, appearing in it, give their testimony
+respecting themselves with the most unsuspectable simplicity. They meant
+not, and have not, misrepresented themselves: they have proclaimed their
+own doctrine for themselves respecting Equivocation and Mental
+Reservation&mdash;the last of which is really of most importance; and it was
+most needful to the Roman body at the time, and under their
+circumstances. Their object, for mere safety, was concealment as to
+their resorts or residences. They could not exist, as they did, without
+the assistance and knowledge of many individuals, some of inferior
+class. Against the incessant inquiries to which they were exposed they
+had no defence, except the power of disappointing or misleading by
+ambiguity or deception, which was completely secured by reserved
+termination in the mind to any uttered declaration. Now, there is in
+this very Treatise <i>plain admission</i> that all the co-religionists of the
+endangered party, particularly a lady who is distinctly noticed, were
+not convinced of the moral rectitude of such a procedure; and it was
+necessary, or expedient, that their hesitation should be removed. And
+this seems to be the main object of the present work. How far it has
+succeeded must depend upon the evidence which is adduced.</p>
+
+<p>We have generally had the doctrine of the Roman body on the subject of
+the Treatise presented by opponents; here we have it as deliberately
+stated by themselves. There is a passage rather observable in p. 103.,
+beginning at the bottom and extending to the words "he hath no such
+meaning to tell them," of which we are not acquainted with a duplicate.
+But the whole has something of the freshness and interest of novelty.</p>
+
+<p><i>Macbeth</i>, it is agreed, I believe, was written in 1607, consequently
+after the Powder Plot, when the doctrine before us was brought forward
+pointedly against the traitors. Might there not be some reference to the
+fact in the Second Act, where the porter of the castle, roused by
+repeated knockings, on the murder, after other exclamations in the
+manner of the poet, proceeds:</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">"Here's an Equivocator, that could swear in both the scales,
+   against either scale: who committed treason enough for God's
+   sake, yet could not equivocate to heaven. Oh, come in,
+   Equivocator"?</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Jardine will thank your correspondent for pointing out an error or
+two which should be corrected in another edition. At p. 44., for
+"<span title="[Greek: chtho]">&#967;&#952;&#959;</span>," in the margin, should be printed "<i>sub verbo</i>." The
+word in the MS. is a contraction to that effect:<a id="Page_420"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[420]</span> the capital "V"
+has a curved stroke across the first line of the "V," followed by
+"<i>bo</i>." Generally the <i>Dubium</i>, in alphabetic works of the kind referred
+to, ranks under some alphabetic word, one or more, as it may happen; but
+in Em. S�'s work the word <i>Dubium</i> comes under the letter D., and this
+is meant to be expressed. At p. 49. the footnote should be omitted, as
+the Vulgate, which is followed, calls the 1st of <i>Samuel</i> the 1st of
+<i>Kings</i>. The first line of p. 56. should have "<i>autem</i>" instead of
+"<i>antea</i>." I have inspected the MS. carefully, and therefore speak with
+confidence.</p>
+
+   <p class="right">E<span class="smcap lowercase">UPATOR.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>NOTES ON VIRGIL.<br />
+(<i>Continued from</i> p. 308.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<div class="box1">
+
+<p> IV. "Illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas<br />
+ <span class="i3">  Turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto."</span><br />
+<span class="author i11">Virg. <i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">I.</span> 48.</span></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+   <p> "<span class="smcap lowercase">TURBINE</span>; volubilitate ventorum.
+ <span class="smcap lowercase">SCOPULO</span>; saxo
+   eminenti."&mdash;<i>Servius.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<p>"Hub sie im Wirbel empor, und spiesst' an ein scharfes Gestein
+ihn."&mdash;<i>Voss.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+  <p> "Ipsum vero Pallas fulmine percussum procell� vi scopulo etiam
+   allisit."&mdash;<i>Heyne.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "Impegit rupi acut�."&mdash;<i>Ru�us.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">"Infixit. <i>Inflixit</i>, lectionem quorundam MSS. facile
+   pr�tulissem, et quod statim pr�cesserit <i>transfixo</i>, unde evadit
+   inconcinna cognat� dictionis repetitio, et quod etiam �n. x.
+   303.:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<p>"'Namque inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo,'</p>
+
+</div>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">   "si Sidon.
+   Apoll. v. 197. haud tueretur vulgatam scripturam:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+                               <p> "'Fixusque Capharei</p>
+    <p>  Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus.'"&mdash;<i>Wakefield.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">To which criticism of Wakefields's, Forbiger adds: "Pr�terea etiam acuto
+scopulo <i>infigendi</i> voc. accommodatius videtur quam <i>infligendi</i>." And
+Wagner: "acuto scopulo <i>infigi</i> melius."</p>
+
+<p>This interpretation and these criticisms are founded altogether on a
+false conception of the meaning of the word <i>infigere</i>, which is never
+to fix <i>on</i>, but always either to fix <i>in</i>, or to fix <i>with</i>, i.e.
+pierce <i>with</i>. <i>Scopulo infixit acuto</i>, <i>fixed or pinned</i> down or to the
+ground <i>with</i> a sharp rock; <i>i.e.</i> hurled a sharp-pointed rock on him,
+so as to nail him to the ground. So
+ (<i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">XII.</span> 721.) "Cornua obnixi
+infigunt," fix their horns, not <i>on</i>, but <i>in</i>; infix their horns; stick
+their horns into each other; stick each other with their horns: <i>q.d.</i>
+Cornibus se mutuo infigunt: and, exactly parallel to our text:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p>"Saturnius me sic <i>infixit</i> Jupiter,</p>
+     <p>Jovisque numen Mulcibri adscivit manus.</p>
+     <p>Hos ille <i>cuneos</i> fabrica crudeli <i>inserens</i>,</p>
+     <p>Perrupit artus; qua miser sollertia</p>
+     <p>Transverberatus, castrum hoc Furiarum incolo."</p>
+
+     <p class="author">Cicero (translating from �schylus), <i>Tuscul. Qu�st.</i> II. 10.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>In confirmation of this view of the passage, I may observe: 1st, that it
+is easier to imagine a man staked to the ground by a sharp-pointed rock,
+than flung on a sharp-pointed rock, so as to remain permanently impaled
+on it; and 2dly, that the account given of the transaction, both by
+Quintus Calaber and Seneca, agree as perfectly with this view as they
+disagree with the opposite:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: Kai ny ken ex�lyxe kakon moron, ei m� ar' aut�,]">&#922;&#945;&#8055;
+ &#957;&#8059; &#954;&#949;&#957; &#7952;&#958;&#8053;&#955;&#965;&#958;&#949;
+ &#954;&#945;&#954;&#8056;&#957; &#956;&#8057;&#961;&#959;&#957;, &#949;&#7984;
+ &#956;&#8052; &#7940;&#961;'&#945;&#8016;&#964;&#8183;,</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: rh�xas aian enerthen, epiproe�ke kol�n�n;]">
+&#8165;&#8053;&#958;&#945;&#962; &#945;&#7990;&#945;&#957; &#7956;&#957;&#949;&#961;&#952;&#949;&#957;, &#7952;&#960;&#953;&#960;&#961;&#959;&#8051;&#951;&#954;&#949; &#954;&#959;&#955;&#8061;&#957;&#951;&#957;&#903;</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: eute paros megaloio kat' Enkeladoio da�phr�n]">
+&#949;&#8022;&#964;&#949; &#960;&#8049;&#961;&#959;&#962; &#956;&#949;&#947;&#8049;&#955;&#959;&#953;&#959; &#954;&#945;&#964;' &#7960;&#947;&#954;&#949;&#955;&#8049;&#948;&#959;&#953;&#959; &#948;&#945;&#8147;&#966;&#961;&#969;&#957;</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: Pallas aeiramen� Sikel�n epikabbale n�son;]">
+&#928;&#945;&#955;&#955;&#8048;&#962; &#7936;&#949;&#953;&#961;&#945;&#956;&#8051;&#957;&#951; &#931;&#953;&#954;&#949;&#955;&#8052;&#957; &#7952;&#960;&#953;&#954;&#8049;&#946;&#946;&#945;&#955;&#949; &#957;&#8134;&#963;&#959;&#957;&#903;</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: � rh' eti kaietai aien hyp' akamatoio Gigantos,]">
+&#7974; &#8165;' &#7956;&#964;&#953; &#954;&#945;&#8055;&#949;&#964;&#945;&#953; &#945;&#7984;&#8050;&#957; &#8017;&#960;' &#7936;&#954;&#945;&#956;&#8049;&#964;&#959;&#953;&#959; &#915;&#8055;&#947;&#945;&#957;&#964;&#959;&#962;,</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: aithaloen pneiontos es� chthonos; h�s ara Lokr�n]">
+&#945;&#7984;&#952;&#945;&#955;&#8057;&#949;&#957; &#960;&#957;&#949;&#8055;&#959;&#957;&#964;&#959;&#962; &#7956;&#963;&#969; &#967;&#952;&#959;&#957;&#8057;&#962;&#903; &#8033;&#962; &#7940;&#961;&#945; &#923;&#959;&#954;&#961;&#8182;&#957;</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: amphekalypsen anakta dysammoron oureos akr�,]">
+&#7936;&#956;&#966;&#949;&#954;&#8049;&#955;&#965;&#968;&#949;&#957; &#7940;&#957;&#945;&#954;&#964;&#945; &#948;&#965;&#963;&#8049;&#956;&#956;&#959;&#961;&#959;&#957; &#959;&#8020;&#961;&#949;&#959;&#962; &#7940;&#954;&#961;&#951;,</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: hypsothen exeripousa, baryne de karteron andra;]">
+&#8017;&#968;&#8057;&#952;&#949;&#957; &#7952;&#958;&#949;&#961;&#953;&#960;&#959;&#8166;&#963;&#945;, &#946;&#8049;&#961;&#965;&#957;&#949; &#948;&#8050; &#954;&#945;&#961;&#964;&#949;&#961;&#8056;&#957; &#7940;&#957;&#948;&#961;&#945;&#903;</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: amphi de min thanatoio melas ekich�sat' olethros,]">
+&#7936;&#956;&#966;&#8054; &#948;&#8051; &#956;&#953;&#957; &#952;&#945;&#957;&#8049;&#964;&#959;&#953;&#959; &#956;&#8051;&#955;&#945;&#962; &#7952;&#954;&#953;&#967;&#8053;&#963;&#945;&#964;' &#8004;&#955;&#949;&#952;&#961;&#959;&#962;,</span></p>
+<p>  <span title="[Greek: gai� hom�s dm�thenta, kai akamat� eni pont�.]">
+&#947;&#945;&#8055;&#8131; &#8001;&#956;&#8182;&#962; &#948;&#956;&#951;&#952;&#8051;&#957;&#964;&#945; &#954;&#945;&#8054; &#7936;&#954;&#945;&#956;&#8049;&#964;&#8179; &#7952;&#957;&#8054; &#960;&#8057;&#957;&#964;&#8179;.</span></p>
+
+   <p class="author">Quintus Calab. <span class="smcap lowercase">XIV.</span> 579.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>And so Seneca; who, having presented us with Ajax clinging to the rock
+to which he had swum for safety, after his ship had been sunk, and
+himself struck with lightning, and there uttering violent imprecations
+against the Deity, adds:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+               <p> "Plura cum auderet furens,</p>
+     <p>Tridente rupem subruit pulsam pater</p>
+     <p>Neptunus, imis exerens undis caput,</p>
+     <p>Solvitque montem; quem cadens secum tulit:</p>
+     <p>Terraque et igne victus et pelago jacet."</p>
+
+     <p class="author">   <i>Agam.</i> 552.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">And, so also, beyond doubt, we are to understand Sidonius
+Apollinaris's&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+                               <p> "Fixusque Capharei</p>
+     <p> Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>Not, with Wakefield and the other commentators, <i>fixed on</i> the rocks of
+Caphareus, but, <i>pierced with</i> the rocks of Caphareus, and lying under
+them. Compare (<i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">IX.</span> 701.) "fixo pulmone," the
+ pierced lung; "fixo
+cerebro" (<i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">XII.</span> 537.);
+ "verubus trementia figunt" (<i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">I.</span> 216.),
+not, fix <i>on</i> the spits, but, stick or pierce <i>with</i> the spits; and
+especially (Ovid. <i>Ibis.</i> 341.),</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "Viscera sic aliquis scopulus tua figat, ut olim</p>
+       <p> Fixa sub Euboico Graia fuere sinu,"</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">pierced and pinned down with a rock, at the bottom of the Eub&oelig;an
+gulf.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap lowercase">TURBINE. SCOPULO</span>.&mdash;Not two instruments, <i>a whirlwind and a rock</i>, but
+one single instrument, <i>a whirling rock</i>; scopulo turbineo; in modo
+turbinis se circumagente; as if Virgil had said, Solo affixit illum
+correptum et transverberatum scopulo acuto in eum maxima vi rotato: or,
+more briefly, Turbine scopuli acuti corripuit et infixit. Compare:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+   <p>  "Pr�cipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi</p>
+  <p>  Excutit effunditque solo."</p>
+
+<p class="author"><i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">XII.</span> 531.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+                          <p>  "Stupet obvia leto</p>
+    <p>  Turba super stantem, atque emissi turbine montis</p>
+      <p>Obruitur."</p>
+
+    <p class="author">Stat. <i>Theb.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">II.</span> 564.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "Idem altas turres saxis et turbine crebro</p>
+      <p>Laxat."</p>
+
+    <p class="author">Stat. <i>Theb.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">X.</span>
+742.<a id="Page_421"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[421]</span></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>So understood, 1st, the passage is according to Virgil's usual manner,
+the latter part of the line explaining and defining the general
+statement contained in the former; and, 2ndly, Pallas kills her enemy,
+not by the somewhat roundabout and unusual method of first striking him
+with thunder, and then snatching him up in a whirlwind, and then either
+dashing him against a sharp rock, and leaving him impaled there, or, as
+I have shown is undoubtedly the meaning, impaling him with a sharp rock,
+but by the more compendious and less out-of-the-way method of first
+striking him with thunder, and then whirling a sharp-pointed rock on top
+of him, so as to impale him.</p>
+
+<p>From Milton's imitation of this passage, in his <i>Paradise Lost</i> (ii.
+180.), it appears that even he fell into the general and double error:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "Caught in a fiery tempest shall be hurled,</p>
+    <p>  Each on his rock transfixed."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>Caro's translation shows that he had no definite idea whatever of the
+meaning:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+                          <p>"A tale un turbo</p>
+      <p>In preda il di�; che per acuti scogli</p>
+      <p>Miserabil ne fe' rapina, e scempio."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<hr class="small" />
+
+
+<div class="box1">
+
+     <p>  V. "Ast ego, qu� Div�m incedo regina, Jovisque<br />
+     <span class="i3"> Et soror et conjux, una cum gente tot annos</span><br />
+     <span class="i3">  Bella gero."</span><br />
+     <span class="author i11"><i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">I.</span> 50.</span></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "<span class="smcap lowercase">'INCEDERE'</span> wird besonders von der feierlichen, w�rdevollen
+   Haltung im Gange gebraucht: vers 500, von der Dido, 'Regina
+   incessit.' (Ruhnk. zu <i>Terent. And.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">I.</span> i. 100. <i>Eun.</i> v. 3. 9.)
+   Deshalb der majest�tischen Juno eigenth�mlich, <span title="[Greek: H�raion badizein]">&#7977;&#961;&#945;&#8150;&#959;&#957;
+ &#946;&#945;&#948;&#8055;&#950;&#949;&#953;&#957;</span>. Also nicht f�r <i>sum</i>, sondern ganz
+   eigentlich."&mdash;<i>Thiel.</i></p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "But I who walk in awful state above."&mdash;<i>Dryden.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p>  "<i>Incedere</i> est <i>ingredi</i>, sed proprie cum quadam pompa et
+   fastu."&mdash;<i>Gesner.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "Incessus dearum, imprimis Junonis, gravitate sua notus."&mdash;<i>Heyne.</i></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>And so also Holdsworth and Ru�us.</p>
+
+<p>I think, on the contrary, that <i>incedo</i>, both here and elsewhere,
+expresses only the stepping or walking motion generally, and that the
+character of the step or walk, if inferable at all, is to be inferred
+only from the context. Accordingly, "Magnifice incedit"
+(Liv. <span class="smcap lowercase">II.</span> 6.);
+"Turpe incedere" (Catull. <span class="smcap lowercase">XXXXII.</span> 8.); "Molliter incedit" (Ovid, <i>Amor.</i>
+<span class="smcap lowercase">II.</span> 23.); "Passu incedit inerti" (Ovid, <i>Metam.</i> II. 772.); "Melius est
+incessu regem quam imperium regno claudicare"
+(Justin. <span class="smcap lowercase">VI.</span> ii. 6.);
+"Incessus omnibus animalibus certus et uniusmodi, et in suo, cuique,
+genere" (Plin. <span class="smcap lowercase">X.</span> 38.).</p>
+
+<p>The emphasis, therefore, is on <i>regina</i>, and the meaning is, <i>I who
+step, or walk, <span class="smcap lowercase">QUEEN</span> of the Gods</i>; the dignity of the step being not
+expressed by "incedo," but inferable from "regina." The expression
+corresponds exactly to "ibit regina" (<i>�n.</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">II.</span> 578.); with this
+difference only, that "ibit" does not, like "incedo," specify motion on
+foot.</p>
+
+<p>"Jovisque et soror et conjux."&mdash;Both the <i>ets</i> are emphatic. "Jovisque
+<i>et</i> soror <i>et</i> conjux."</p>
+
+<p>"Bella" expresses the organised resistance which she meets, and the
+uncertainty of the issue; and being placed first word in the line is
+emphatic.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> J<span class="smcap lowercase">AMES</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">ENRY.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Minor Notes.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Verses presented to General Monck.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The subjoined notice of a curious
+entry in the records of the Belfast corporation may be acceptable. The
+author is unknown. They are inscribed, "Verses to General Monck," and,
+as the last six lines show, are an attack on the Rump Parliament:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<div class="stanza">
+
+    <p>  Advants George Monck, and Monck St. George shall be,</p>
+      <p>England's restorer to its liberty,</p>
+      <p>Scotland's protector, Ireland's president,</p>
+      <p>Reducing all to affree parliament.</p>
+     <p> And if thou dost intend the other thing,</p>
+     <p> Go on, and all shall cry God save y<span class="topnum">e</span> king.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+
+     <p> R. R doth rebellion represent,</p>
+       <p> V. By V nought else but villainy is meant,</p>
+        <p>M. M murther signifies all men doe knowe,</p>
+     <p>   P. P perjuries in fashion grow.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+
+            <p>Then R and V with M and P</p>
+           <p> Conjoined make up our misery.</p>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>The occasion of their presentation is unknown. General Monck took
+Belfast in 1646 from the Scotch, who being true Presbyterians of the
+older school, had turned against the parliament. This was the probable
+occasion of their being presented to the future restorer of King Charles
+II.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> E. L. B.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Justice to Pope Pius V.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;You have done yourself credit by exonerating
+Queen Elizabeth from a charge the easiest to bring, and the most
+difficult to rebut, implying the proof of a negative; and therefore
+frequently brought by the unprincipled. I propose, as a counterpart, to
+exonerate Pope Pius V. from an imputation, mistakingly, though unjustly,
+cast upon him by an authority of no less weight than that of Sir Walter
+Scott. In his edition of <i>Somers's Tracts</i>, vol. i. p. 192., occurs a
+note on a place in the <i>execution of justice</i>: "Pius V. resolved to make
+his bastard son, Boncompagni, Marquis of Vincola, King of Ireland," &amp;c.
+For this assertion no authority is cited, nor indeed could be. The very
+name might have suggested the filiation to his successor, Gregory XIII.,
+which was the fact. In a work, not much known, <i>The Burnt Child dreads
+the Fire, &amp;c.</i>, by William Denton, M.D., London, 1675, at p. 25. we
+read, "Gregory XIII. had a bastard, <i>James Buon Compagna</i>, and to him he
+gave <i>Ireland</i>, and impowered <i>Stewkely</i> with men, arms, and
+money,<a id="Page_422"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[422]</span> to conquer it for him."<a id="him2"></a><a title="Go to footnote 2." href="#fn2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> There is no reason to doubt,
+that with the editor of the <i>Tracts</i> the above imputation was a simple
+mistake; but it is an important duty of all who interfere with
+historical literature, to state and correct every discovered instance of
+the kind.</p>
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn2"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#him2" class="label">[2]</a> Camden,
+ in his <i>Elizabeth</i>, under 1578, states the fact
+without mention of the name, only calling him "the pope's bastard;" but
+the date is the sixth year of the pontificate of Gregory XIII.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">  E<span class="smcap lowercase">UPATOR.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Queries.</span>
+</h2>
+
+<h3>
+<span>CROSSES AND CRUCIFIXES.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>In the 22nd volume of the <i>Arch�ologia</i>, p. 58., is the following
+passage:</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"The cross, which does not appear to have been peculiar to
+   Christianity, when introduced on these obelisks, is usually
+   filled with tracery."</p>
+
+<p>The obelisks, or stones of memorial, referred to are the subjects of a
+very interesting paper communicated by Mr. Logan to the Society of
+Antiquaries. (See Plates 2, 3, 4, and 5.) I am desirous of being
+informed what authenticated instances there are of crosses, or stones
+marked with crosses, being used for landmarks, memorials, or for any
+other purpose, civil or religious, before the introduction of
+Christianity? I have met with one instance. Prescott, in his <i>History of
+Mexico</i>, relates that&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "In the court of one of the temples in the island of Columel he
+   was amazed by the sight of a cross of stone and lime, about ten
+   palms high."</p>
+
+<p>It was the emblem of the god of rain (See vol. i. p. 240., &amp;c.)</p>
+
+<p>In the same paper Mr. Logan observes&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Crosses, or stones on which the figure was traced, marked a
+   place of meeting for certain districts; and within memory of man
+   a fair was held on this spot. It is not improbable that
+   market-crosses may be deduced from this custom."</p>
+
+<p>It seems that every town that had the privilege of a market or fair (I
+am speaking of England) had a market-cross. In most of these towns the
+cross has disappeared, and in its place a ball or globe has been mounted
+on the shaft; but the term "market-cross" is still in use. In the town
+of Giggleswick, in the parish of Giggleswick, there is a perfect
+market-cross, the cross being what is, I believe, called a cross-fleury.
+In the town of Settle, in the same parish of Giggleswick, the ball or
+globe is placed on the top of the shaft. Are there other instances of
+market towns in which the cross is still found?</p>
+
+<p>I passed through a market town lately in which the stone steps, and
+socket in which the shaft was placed, are preserved; but they have been
+removed to one corner of the market-place. The shaft and cross have
+disappeared.</p>
+
+<p>Is not this erection of the cross, in places in which markets and fairs
+were held, of ecclesiastical origin? Was the cross erected by licence
+granted by the bishop within whose jurisdiction it was placed? Is there
+any grant of such licence in existence? Or did these crosses originate
+in the gratuitous piety of our ancestors? I fear to ask the question,
+whether the buyers and sellers under the cross are more upright in their
+dealings than those who buy and sell without the presence of this emblem
+of all that is true and just. Is the cross erected in the cities and
+towns of other states, as in England? Was the custom general in Europe?</p>
+
+ <p class="right">F. W. J.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Curzon states, in the introduction to his <i>Monasteries of the
+Levant</i>, that&mdash;</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot">"The crucifix was not known before the fifth or sixth century,
+   though the cross was always the emblem of the Christian faith."</p>
+
+<p>I am persuaded that this assertion is incorrect, and that the crucifix
+was used in much earlier times. Will some one kindly inform me where the
+first mention of it is to be found, and what is the date of the earliest
+examples now known?</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> D<span class="smcap lowercase">RYASDUST.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>MASTER OF THE BUCKHOUNDS.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>In reading the <i>Topographer</i> for January 1791 (a work which was
+published under the editorship of my uncle, Sir Egerton Brydges), I was
+surprised to find, in an account of the family of Brocas, of
+Beaurepaire, in the county of Hampshire, that the post of Master of the
+Buckhounds had been sold in the reign of James I.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Gough (<i>Sepulchral Monuments</i>, pp. 160, 161.) appears to be the
+authority quoted who describes the monument of Sir Bernard Brocas, Kt.,
+as existing at Westminster, and having on it an inscription in which is
+the following sentence:</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Sir Bernard succeeded to the paternal inheritance both in
+   England and France, and having married Mary, daughter and heiress
+   of Sir John de Roche, had a large estate with her, and the
+   hereditary post of Master of the Buckhounds; which was confirmed
+   to him by King Edward the Third, and held by the family, till
+   sold in James the First's reign."</p>
+
+<p>I have no means of ascertaining at the present time whether this
+monument is still in existence or not; nor indeed has that much to do
+with the object of my writing, which is to suggest the following
+Queries, in the hope that some of your correspondents may be able to
+send satisfactory answers.</p>
+
+<p>1. By whom was the post of Master of the Buckhounds first instituted,
+and who was the first Master?<a id="Page_423"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[423]</span></p>
+
+<p>2. Is there any list of persons holding this office; and if so, where
+may it be seen?</p>
+
+<p>3. Is there any instance of an unmarried lady having held it: for in the
+case before us we see that a lady was able to convey it by inheritance
+to her husband?</p>
+
+<p>4. By whom was it sold? Was it by the last hereditary possessor; and if
+so, what was his name? Or was it by the king, on the death of one of the
+possessors, for the purpose of enriching himself?</p>
+
+<p>5. Is it known whether there is any other instance of its having been
+sold: and when did it come to be, as now, a ministerial office?</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHN</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">RANFILL</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">ARRISON.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Maidstone.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Minor Queries.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>300. "<i>No Cross no Crown.</i>"</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Where did Penn get the title of his
+well-known work? St. Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in allusion to the custom
+of crowning crosses, has these lines:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+  <div class="stanza">
+
+      <p> "Cerne coronatam Domini super <i>atria Christi</i>,</p>
+      <p>Stare crucem, duro spondentem celsa labori</p>
+      <p>Pr�mia: <i>tolle crucem, qui vis auferre coronam</i>."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+
+      <p> "See how the cross of Christ a crown entwines:</p>
+      <p>High o'er God's temple it refulgent shines;</p>
+      <p> Pledging bright guerdon for each passing pain:</p>
+      <p>Take up the cross, if thou the crown would'st gain."</p>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">Vide Dr. Rock's <i>Hierurgia</i>. Quarles says, in his <i>Esther</i>:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+      <p> "The way to bliss lies not on beds of down,</p>
+      <p>And he that had no cross deserves no crown."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+ <p class="right"> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ARICONDA.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>301. <i>Dido and �neas.</i>&mdash;</span>
+</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p>"When Dido found �neas did not come,</p>
+     <p>She wept in silence, and was&mdash;di-do-dum."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">Who was the author of the above well-known bit of philology?</p>
+
+ <p class="right">  A. A. D.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>302. <i>Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the Athenians.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Dr.
+Schmitz (in Smith's <i>Antiq.</i>, article
+ <span class="smcap lowercase">SHIPS</span>) speaks of "the pegs,
+<span title="[Greek: skalmoi]">&#963;&#954;&#945;&#955;&#956;&#959;&#8055;</span>,
+<i>between which the oars move[d]</i>, and to which they
+were fastened by a thong, <span title="[Greek: trop�t�r]">&#964;&#961;&#959;&#960;&#969;&#964;&#8053;&#961;</span>." What is the authority for
+two pegs, <i>between which</i>, &amp;c? A single peg and thong, as still in
+frequent use, would be intelligible!</p>
+
+<p>Dr. Smith observes (ap. id. p. 1139.) that the decree of Scamandrius,
+which ordained that no free Athenian should be tortured, "does not
+appear to have interdicted torture as a means of execution, <i>since</i> we
+find Demosthenes (<i>de Cor.</i> 271.) reminding the judges that they had put
+Antiphon to death by the rack." Does it not escape him that Antiphon was
+<i>then an alien</i>, having suffered expulsion from the Lexiarchic list.
+(See Dem. <i>l.c.</i>)</p>
+
+  <p class="right">A. A. D.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>303. <i>French Refugees.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Where is the treaty or act of parliament to be
+found which guaranteed compensation to the French refugees at the end of
+the war? Is it possible to obtain a list of those who received
+compensation, and the amount paid; and if so, where?</p>
+
+ <p class="right">  S. Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UARTO.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>304. <i>Isabel, Queen of the Isle of Man.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;In Charles Knight's <i>London</i>
+mention is made, amongst the noble persons buried in the church of the
+Grey Friars, of Isabel, wife of Baron Fitzwarren, sometime queen of the
+Isle of Man. Will you or some of your correspondents be so kind as to
+tell me who this lady was, and when the Isle of Man ceased to be an
+independent kingdom?</p>
+
+ <p class="right">F<span class="smcap lowercase">ANNY.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>305. <i>Grand-daughter of John Hampden.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;According to the <i>Friend of
+India</i> of 4th September, 1851, there is at Cossimbazar the following
+inscription:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="center">
+
+           <p class="noindent"> "SARAH MATTOCKS,</p>
+               <p class="noindent"> Aged 27.</p>
+      <p class="noindent">  Much lamented by her husband,</p>
+    <p class="noindent">Lieutenant-Colonel J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHN</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ATTOCKS</span>.</p>
+     <p class="noindent"> Was the grand-daughter of the</p>
+          <p class="noindent">Great J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHN</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">AMDEN</span>, Esq.,</p>
+        <p class="noindent"> Of St. James's, Westminster."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>In the following number (dated 11th September, 1851), the editor offers
+an apology for having omitted the date of the decease of Mrs. Mattocks,
+viz. 1778; and then remarks that&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "As she was twenty-seven years old at her death, she must have
+   been born in 1751; it was therefore impossible that she should
+   have been the grand-daughter of the great John Hampden, that died
+   in 1643, one hundred and eight years before her birth."</p>
+
+<p>Query, Can any of your correspondents give me any information respecting
+the subject?</p>
+
+ <p class="right">  S<span class="smcap lowercase">ALOPIAN.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>306. <i>Cicada or Tettigonia Septemdecim.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;In Latrobe's <i>Rambler in North
+America</i>, London, 1835, vol. ii. p. 290., is a curious account of this
+insect, which visits Pennsylvania every seventeenth year, and appears
+about May 24. It is under an inch in length when it first appears early
+in the morning, and gains its strength after the sun has risen. These
+insects live ten or fifteen days, and never seem to eat any food. They
+come in swarms, and birds, pigs, and poultry fatten on them. The female
+lays her eggs in the outermost twigs of the forest; these die and drop
+on the ground. The eggs give birth to a number of small grubs, which are
+thus enabled to attain the mould without injury, and in it they
+disappear; they are forgotten till seventeen years pass, and then the
+memory of them returns, and they rise from the earth, piercing their way
+through the matted sod, the hard trampled clay, &amp;c. They appeared in
+1749, &amp;c., to 1834, and are expected in 1851. Has this expectation been
+fulfilled?</p>
+
+  <p class="right"> C. I. R.<a id="Page_424"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[424]</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>307. <i>The British Sidanen.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Under this title (the proper spelling in
+which should be <i>Sina</i> or <i>Senena</i>) an article appears in Vol. iv., p.
+120., comprising a portion of the genealogy of the Welsh princess, in
+which three of her sons are mentioned, viz., Owen, Llewellyn, and David.
+But there was a <i>fourth</i> son, Roderic, who settled in England, and
+appears to have been residing there for some time, when the fatal
+rupture occurred between the two countries. It would appear that
+descendants of his have lived, and are living in our own times; among
+them, the late Dr. John Mawer, of Middleton Tyas, whose remarkable
+epitaph was given in a former number of
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>." My first
+inquiry is, Is there known to exist any genealogy assuming to extend
+between the Rev. and learned gentleman just named and Prince Roderic? I
+am told there was one published in the <i>British Peerage for 1706</i>, at
+which time John Mawer would be three years of age; is such the fact? I
+wish also to ask, whether Prince <i>Owen</i> was in existence at the time of
+the deaths of Llewellyn and David&mdash;whether in Wales or England? and
+whether he was the ancestor of Owen Tudor, the proud father of Henry
+VII.; and, if not, who <i>was</i> Owen Tudor's ancestor?</p>
+
+     <p class="right">A<span class="smcap lowercase">MANUENSIS.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>308. <i>Jenings or Jennings.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Was the late Mr. Jenings of Acton Hall,
+Suffolk, descended from the family of Jenings, formerly of Silsden,
+Skipton in Craven, and afterwards of Ripon, Yorkshire; and if so, where
+can information as to the pedigree be obtained?</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> A. B. C.</p>
+
+ <p class="left">  Brighton.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>309. <i>Caleva Atrebatum, Site of.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;May not the site of Caleva Atrebatum
+have been at Caversham, on the north of the Thames, near Reading?</p>
+
+<p>The distance of Caleva from Londinium was forty-four Roman miles, making
+forty English; and from Venta Belgarum, thirty-six Roman or thirty-three
+English miles.</p>
+
+<p>Caleva, according to Ptolemy's map, was on the north of the Thames; a
+portion of the present Oxfordshire being in the country assigned by the
+same geographer to the Atrebates.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">G. J.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>310. <i>Abigail.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Whence, or when, originated the application of
+<i>Abigail</i>, as applied to a lady's maid? It is used by Dean Swift in this
+sense; but in a way that shows that it was no new phrase in those days.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> J. S. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ARDEN.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Balica.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>311. <i>Etymology of Durden.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Jacob, in his <i>Law Dictionary</i>, giving
+Cowel as his authority (who, however, advances no further elucidation),
+derives the word from <i>dur-den</i>, a coppice in a valley. Does the word
+<i>dur</i> signify wood, or, if the British <i>dwr</i>, is it not water?</p>
+
+ <p class="right">F. R. R.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>312. <i>Connecticut Halfpenny.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;I have a halfpenny, apparently American,
+bearing on the obverse, a head to the right, and "Auctori Connect.;" and
+on the reverse, "Inde." for <i>independence</i>, and "Lib." for liberty; date
+in the exerg., 1781 or 1787; and between "Inde." and "Lib." five stars.
+Can any of your correspondents tell me if my explanation of the reverse
+is the correct one? and also who was the "<i>Auctori Connect.</i>," or
+founder of the state of Connecticut?</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> J. N. C.</p>
+
+  <p class="left">King's Lynn.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Minor Queries Answered.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Arms displayed on Spread Eagle.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;For what reason are the arms of
+Methwen (and some others, I believe) placed on the breast of a
+two-headed eagle displayed sable?</p>
+
+    <p class="right"> H. N. E.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [When armorial ensigns are borne upon the breast of an eagle, the
+   general inference is that the bearers thereof are Counts of the
+   Holy Roman Empire, it being the practice in Germany for Counts of
+   the Empire so to display the eagle.</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">There are some cases in which especial grants have been made to
+   Englishmen so to do, as in the case of the family of <i>Methwen</i>;
+   and persons having received the royal licence in England to
+   accept the dignity of Count of the Empire, so carry their arms,
+   as in the cases of Earl Cowper, Lord Arundel of Wardour, St.
+   Paul, &amp;c.]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>St. Beuno.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Where can I obtain any information respecting St. Beuno,
+to whom I find several churches dedicated in Wales?</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> J. D. D.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [In Rees's <i>Essay on the Welsh Saints</i>, p. 268., and Williams's
+   <i>Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry</i>, p. 137. The college of
+   Beuno is now called Clynog Vawr. See also <i>The Cambro-Briton</i>,
+   vol. iii. p. 14.]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Lists of Knights Bachelor.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;What publication contains a list of the
+<i>knights bachelor</i> made by George I. and George II. (1714-1760)? With
+regard to the subsequent reign I have found the <i>Calendar of Knights</i>,
+by Francis Townsend, London, 1828, very accurate and perfect.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">  &#9758; N.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [There is not any continuous list of <i>Knights Bachelors</i> in any
+   published works since Philpot's <i>Catalogue</i>, 1660, until
+   Townsend's <i>Calendar</i>, which commences in 1760. The knights made
+   by Kings George I. and II. will be found only in some of the
+   genealogical publications of the day, such as the <i>British
+   Compendium</i>, published at intervals between 1720 and 1769;
+   Chamberlayne's <i>State of Great Britain</i>; or Heylin's <i>Help to
+   English History</i>, or Phillipps's <i>List of Nobility</i>, and similar
+   works.</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot"> Mr Townsend contemplated the publication of a list, and left an
+   imperfect MS., which passed into the hands of Sir Thomas
+   Phillipps, who printed it; but though privately circulated, it
+   was never published. See Moule's <i>Bibliotheca Heraldica</i> for
+   various works of the character referred to.]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Walker.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;An American lady lecturing on Bloomerism last week was much
+puzzled by the<a id="Page_425"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[425]</span> audience bursting into roars of laughter upon her
+quoting Professor Walker as an authority for some statement. The roars
+redoubled upon her declaring her belief that Professor Walker was a most
+respectable and trustworthy person. Can any one explain the origin of
+the joke that lies in the name "Walker?" Why do people say "Walker" when
+they wish to express ridicule or disbelief of a questionable statement?</p>
+
+<p class="right"> D<span class="smcap lowercase">AVUS.</span></p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">[The history of the renowned "Hookey Walker," as related by John
+   Bee, Esq., is simply this:&mdash;John Walker was an out-door clerk at
+   Longman, Clementi, and Co.'s in Cheapside, where a great number
+   of persons were employed; and "Old Jack," who had a crooked or
+   hooked nose, occupied the post of a spy upon their aberrations,
+   which were manifold. Of course, it was for the interests of the
+   surveillants to throw discredit upon all Jack's reports to the
+   heads of the firm; and numbers could attest that those reports
+   were fabrications, however true. Jack, somehow or other, was
+   constantly outvoted, his evidence superseded, and of course
+   disbelieved; and thus his occupation ceased, but not the fame of
+   "Hookey Walker."]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>See of Durham.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Can any of your readers inform me of "The privileges
+of, and the ancient customs appertaining to, the See of Durham?"</p>
+
+  <p class="right">  H. F.</p>
+
+  <p class="left">Clapham, Nov. 3. 1851.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">[These relate most probably to the palatine rights of the Bishops
+   of Durham, granted by Egfrid, King of Northumbria, in 685; when
+   he gave to St. Cuthbert all the land between the Wear and the
+   Tyne, called "the patrimony of St. Cuthbert," to hold in as full
+   and ample a manner as the king himself holds the same. This
+   donative, with its ancient customs and privileges, was confirmed
+   by the Danes, and afterwards by William the Conqueror; in
+   addition to which, the latter made the church a sanctuary, and
+   the county a palatinate. Its bishop was invested with as great a
+   power and prerogative within his see, as the king exercised
+   without the bounds of it, with regard to forfeitures, &amp;c. Thus it
+   was a kind of royalty subordinate to the crown, and, by way of
+   eminence, was called <i>The Bishoprick</i>. For an account of the
+   ancient customs connected with the cathedral, our correspondent
+   is referred to the curious and interesting work of Davies of
+   Kidwelly, entitled, <i>The Ancient Rites and Monuments of the
+   Monastical and Cathedral Church of Durham</i>, 12mo. 1672, which has
+   been republished by the Surtees Society.]</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Replies.</span>
+</h2>
+
+<h3>
+<span>CONVOCATION OF YORK.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 368.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>This body (of which I am a member) ought to meet on the same occasions
+with that of Canterbury; but owing to the neglect or the wilfulness of
+its officials, many omissions and mistakes occur. I have heard a
+commission to <i>further</i> adjourn the Convocation, from a day to which it
+previously stood adjourned, read the day <i>after</i> that on which it ought
+to have assembled, but which day had arrived and passed without any one
+recollecting the fact! Our Convocation appears at no time to have acted
+a very prominent part, though its constitution is far better fitted for
+a working synod than that of the southern province. In the latter the
+<i>parochial</i> clergy are so inadequately represented as to be much
+outnumbered by the <i>dignitaries</i> appointed by the crown and the bishops;
+but in York there are <i>two</i> proctors chosen by the clergy of <i>each</i>
+archdeaconry and peculiar jurisdiction, and <i>two</i> by each cathedral
+chapter; thus affording a complete counterpoise to the deans and
+archdeacons who are members <i>ex officio</i>. Another peculiarity in the
+Convocation of York is, that it assembles in <i>one</i> house, the bishops
+commonly appearing by their proxies (priests), and the archbishop
+presiding by his commissioner, who is always the dean, or one of the
+residentiary canons of York.</p>
+
+<p>In 1462 (<i>temp.</i> Archbishop Booth) the Convocation of York decreed that
+such constitutions of the province of Canterbury as were not prejudicial
+to those of York should be received, incorporated, and deemed as their
+own (Wilkins's <i>Concilia</i>, vol. iii. p. 580.). Under Archbishop
+Grenefeld it was decreed that since the Archbishop of York hath no
+superior in spirituals except the Pope, no appeals should be suffered to
+the Archbishop of Canterbury (p. 663.). At an earlier period the
+northern metropolitan laid claim to all England north of the Humber,
+with the whole realm of Scotland (Wilkins, vol. i. pp. 325, 479, &amp;c.).
+In a provincial council at London, <span class="smcap lowercase">A.D.</span> 1175, his jurisdiction was
+denied over the sees of Lincoln, <i>Chester</i>, Worcester, and Hereford,
+upon which he appealed to the Pope. With the exception of Chester,
+however, none of these sees were finally retained in the province.</p>
+
+<p>The next year we are told that, in a (national) council at Westminster,
+the Pope's legate presiding, the Archbishop of York, "disdaining to sit
+at the left hand of the legate, forced himself into the lap of the
+Archbishop of Canterbury, but was immediately <i>knocked down</i> by the
+other bishops and clergy, severely beaten, and thrust out of the
+council!" (Hoveden ap. Wilkins, vol. i. p. 485.) How far the Northern
+Convocation supported their burly prelate in these claims I do not know;
+but I <i>note</i> that in those days the disorderly conduct of the clergy was
+<i>not</i> made a pretext for the indefinite suspension of synodical
+functions; and I <i>query</i> whether the clergy might not be trusted to
+behave quite as well in the nineteenth century.</p>
+
+<p>But to return to the Convocation of York. There is a curious letter,
+<span class="smcap lowercase">A.D.</span> 1661, from Accepted Frewen, Archbishop of York, to the Convocation,
+desiring them to send up to London some of their members duly
+commissioned on their part to sit<a id="Page_426"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[426]</span> with the Lower House of
+Canterbury for the review of the Liturgy. In this letter the archbishop
+says that himself and the other bishops of the province were sitting
+<i>with the bishops of the southern province in their House</i>. A similar
+expedient for constituting a <i>quasi</i>-national synod seems to have been
+resorted to upon some earlier occasions; but the Convocation of York
+still passed in due form by their own separate decree what was so agreed
+upon. The Articles were thus subscribed by our Convocation in 1571, and
+the Canons in 1604 and 1640.</p>
+
+<p>Since then the Convocation of York has been regularly summoned, met,
+adjourned, and been prorogued, without even the dutiful address to the
+crown, which is regularly discussed and adopted in Canterbury. In the
+year 1847, a spasmodic attempt at life was manifested in this venerable
+and ill-used institution. Archbishop Harcourt had consented that an
+address to the crown should be adopted, and himself procured a draft to
+be approved by the bishops. His grace however died before the day of
+meeting. Some difficulty was experienced by the officials, both in York
+and London, as to the course to be pursued; but a precedent having been
+pointed out in the reign of James I., when Archbishop Hutton died after
+summoning the Convocation and before its assembly, a writ was issued
+from the crown to the dean and chapter at York to elect a <i>pr�ses</i> for
+the Convocation during the vacancy of the archbishoprick. They appointed
+the canon who happened to be in residence; an unusually large attendance
+was given; the Convocation was opened, the names called over, and then
+the officials had reached the limit of their experience; according to
+<i>their</i> precedents we ought all to have been sent away. The address
+however was called on by the <i>pr�ses</i>, being apparently quite unaware
+that a <i>prolocutor</i> should be chosen by the clergy before they proceeded
+to business. Such an officer probably seemed to the dignitary already in
+the chair like a <i>second King of Brentford</i> "smelling at one rose," and
+the demand was refused. Further difficulties ensued, of course, the
+moment the debate was opened; and finally, the <i>pr�ses</i>, determined not
+to be tempted out of his depth, rose all at once, and read the fatal
+<i>formula</i> which restored our glorious Chapter House to its silent
+converse with the ghosts. The Convocation has never since been heard of.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> C<span class="smcap lowercase">AN</span> E<span class="smcap lowercase">BOR.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE OLD COUNTESS OF DESMOND.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 305.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>If your correspondent A. B. R. will refer to Walpole's <i>Fugitive Pieces</i>
+he will find a minute inquiry into the person and age of this long-lived
+lady. This is doubtless the dissertation alluded to by C. (Vol. ii., p.
+219.) Pennant has <i>two</i> notices of the countess in his Scotch tours. In
+that of 1769 (which somewhat strangely follows the one of 1772), he
+gives at p. 87. the engraving spoken of (Vol. iv., p. 306.), apparently
+taken from the original at Dupplin Castle. It differs a little from R's.
+description of another portrait, as the cloak is strapped over the
+chest, not held by a button. In 1772 Pennant again describes this
+portrait in his <i>Tour in Scotland</i>, vol. ii. p. 88., and speaks of four
+others, viz., first, at Devonshire House; second, at the Hon. John
+Yorke's seat, near Cheltenham; third, at Mr. Scott's, printer; and the
+fourth, in the Standard Closet, Windsor Castle. At the back of the last
+is written with a pen "Rembrandt." "A mistake (says P.) as Rembrandt was
+not fourteen years of age (he was indeed only eight) in 1614, at which
+time it is certain the countess was not living."</p>
+
+<p>In my copy of the <i>Fugitive Pieces</i> (the Strawberry Hill edition,
+presented by Walpole to Cole), I find the following manuscript note by
+Cole; <i>an amplification of the</i> passage from Walpole's letters quoted at
+p. 306.:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Being at Strawberry Hill in April, 1773, I saw there a copy of
+   the picture commonly attributed to the old Countess of Desmond;
+   but Mr. Walpole told me that there is sufficient proof that it is
+   a painter's mother, I think Rembrandt's. However, by a letter
+   from Mr. Lort, April 15, 1774, he assures me that on Mr.
+   Pennant's calling at Strawberry Hill to see this picture, he was
+   much chagrined at having a print of it engraved for his book,
+   till Mr. Lort revived him by carrying him to a garret in
+   Devonshire House, where was a picture of this same countess with
+   her name on it, exactly corresponding to his engraved print. I
+   remember a tolerable good old picture of her at Mr. Dicey's,
+   prebendary of Bristol, at Walton in Bucks."</p>
+
+<p>Walpole could not dismiss Pennant without a disparaging remark. He is "a
+superficial man, and knows little of history or antiquity; but he has a
+violent rage for being an author." Those who live in glass houses should
+not throw stones: Pennant would not have displayed the ignorance which
+Walpole exhibits in the instance before us. In an inscription, which the
+latter gives, on a Countess of Desmond buried at Sligo, occurs the
+following contraction: "Desmoni� <i>Noie</i> Elizabetha." Walpole says
+(<i>Fugitive Pieces</i>, p. 204.), "This word I can make no sense of, but
+<i>sic originale</i>; I take it to be redundancy of the carver. It seems to
+be a repetition of the last three syllables of Desmoni�!"</p>
+
+<p>The sarcastic observations which Walpole passes on the Society of
+Antiquaries, its members, and its publications, are so frequent and so
+bitter, that they must have been founded on some offence not to be
+pardoned. Were the remarks on the "Historic Doubts" by the president,
+Dean Milles, and by the Rev. Robert Masters (printed in the first two
+volumes of the <i>Arch�ologia</i>), regarded as<a id="Page_427"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[427]</span> satisfactorily
+confuting Walpole's arguments; or did he aim, but unsuccessfully, at the
+president's chair?</p>
+
+  <p class="right"> J. H. M.</p>
+
+ <p class="left">Bath.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>COINS OF VABALATHUS.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 255.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>There have been many attempts to explain the
+puzzling <span class="smcap lowercase">VCRIMDR</span>, on the
+supposition that a Latin sentence was concealed under these letters.
+Pinkerton suggested "Voluntate C�saris Romani Imperatoris Maximi Domini,
+Rex." I hope to offer a better solution, which, although not new, has
+been passed over, I believe, by all subsequent writers. The Rev. George
+North, in the <i>Museum Meadianum</i>, p. 97., gives the following note:
+"Apud Arabes accepi verbum Karama significare Honoravit, a quo Ucrima,
+et Ucrim; quo sensu respondet hoc Arabicum <span title="[Greek: T� Sebast�]">&#932;&#8183; &#931;&#949;&#946;&#945;&#963;&#964;&#8183;</span> apud
+Gr�cos." On applying to a well-known scholar and linguist here, I found
+that from the verb <i>Karama</i> there was derived the adjective <i>Kar&#299;mat</i>
+(nobilis), from which again the superlative <i>Akram</i> comes. There can, I
+think, be little doubt that the word
+ <span class="smcap lowercase">VCRIMDR</span> is originally derived from
+this verb <i>Karama</i>, and that it is most probably equivalent to
+<i>Nobilissimus</i>, a title so common shortly afterwards, as applied to the
+heirs to the empire.<a id="empire3"></a><a title="Go to footnote 3." href="#fn3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> </p>
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn3"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#empire3" class="label">[3]</a> "<i>Nobilissimus</i>,
+in the Byzantine historians, is synonymous
+with C�sar."&mdash;<i>Niebuhr.</i></p>
+
+<p>The word <span title="[Greek: SR�IAS]">&#1017;&#929;&#937;&#921;&#913;&#1017;</span> or
+<span title="[Greek: SRIAS]">&#1017;&#929;&#921;&#913;&#1017;</span>, which appears on the
+Alexandrian coins of this prince, is of more difficult explanation. Some
+think it a pr�nomen, some a Syriac or other Eastern title, perhaps
+corresponding to
+<span class="smcap lowercase">VCRIMDR</span>. Pellerin thought so. I hope some Oriental
+scholar will direct his attention to this point. These coins are very
+often ill struck, so that the part of the legend below the head, where
+the word in question is found, is indistinct, for which reason I suppose
+M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">AYLOR</span> has
+ followed the erroneous reading of Banduri, <span title="[Greek: HERMIAS]">&#917;&#929;&#924;&#921;&#913;&#1017;</span>
+(properly <span title="[Greek: HERMIAS]">&#1013;&#929;&#924;&#921;&#913;&#1017;</span>, with lunate epsilon) for
+<span title="[Greek: SR�IAS]">&#1017;&#929;&#937;&#921;&#913;&#1017;</span>, which has been corrected by Eckhel. Of three specimens which I
+possess, one only reads clearly
+<span title="[Greek: SR�IAS]">&#1017;&#929;&#937;&#921;&#913;&#1017;</span>, from the
+above-mentioned cause, but it is unquestionably the correct reading on
+all. The best arrangement of the legend, from analogy with those forms
+used by the Romans, is as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p><span title="[Greek: AUTokrat�r . SR�IAS . OUABALLATHOS]">&#913;&#933;&#932;&#959;&#954;&#961;&#945;&#964;&#969;&#961; . &#1017;&#929;&#937;&#921;&#913;&#1017; . &#927;&#933;&#913;&#914;&#913;&#923;&#923;&#913;&#920;&#927;&#1017; . &#913;&#920;&#919;&#925;&#927;&#948;&#969;&#961;&#959;&#965; . &#933;&#953;&#959;&#962;.</span></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">The existence of coins, of which I possess a specimen also, reading</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+      <p><span title="[Greek: A . SRIAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATH�N . U.]">&#913; . &#1017;&#929;&#921;&#913;&#1017; . &#927;&#933;&#913;&#914;&#913;&#923;&#923;&#913;&#920;&#927;&#1017; . &#913;&#920;&#919;&#925; . &#933;.</span></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">shows that we must not read
+<span title="[Greek: ATH�NOU]">&#913;&#920;&#919;&#925;&#927;&#933;</span> as one word, but must
+divide it as above. I think M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">AYLOR</span> will find his specimen to read as
+the last-mentioned coin, the
+<span title="[Greek: ER]">&#917;&#929;</span> (properly
+<span title="[Greek: ER]">&#1013;&#929;</span>) being
+<span title="[Greek: SR]">&#1017;&#929;</span>, and the
+<span title="[Greek: AU]">&#913;&#933;</span> in like manner
+<span title="[Greek: AS]">&#913;&#1017;</span>. My coin
+gives the whole legend distinctly, and I can vouch for the exactitude of
+the above legend.</p>
+
+<p>I believe there appeared some years ago, in the <i>Revue de Numismatique</i>,
+an article on the coins of the Zenobian family, but I do not remember
+when it was published, nor the conclusions to which the writer came.
+That is, however, the most recent investigation of the subject, and to
+it I must refer M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">AYLOR</span>, as I have not access to that periodical
+here.</p>
+
+<p>Sir Gardner Wilkinson has published in the <i>Numismatic Chronicle</i>, vol.
+vii. or viii., an inscription containing the names of Zenobia and
+Vabalathus. After the name of Vabalathus, who has the title of
+Autocrator, is the word
+<span title="[Greek: ATH�NOD�ROU]">&#913;&#920;&#919;&#925;&#927;&#916;&#937;&#929;&#927;&#933;</span>, which justifies the
+reading
+<span title="[Greek: Ath�nod�rou Huios]">&#913;&#952;&#951;&#957;&#959;&#948;&#969;&#961;&#959;&#965; &#933;&#953;&#959;&#962;</span> on the coins. Vabalathus is thus
+probably the son of Zenobia by a former husband, Athenodorus, while
+bearing himself the same name, as Vabalathus (better Vaballathus, as on
+the Alexandrian coins) is said to be equivalent to Athenodorus, Gift of
+Pallas.</p>
+
+  <p class="right">W. H. S.</p>
+
+ <p class="left">Edinburgh.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>MARRIAGE OF ECCLESIASTICS.<br />
+(Vol. iv., pp. 57, 125, 193, 196, 298.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>I entirely agree with you that your pages are not a fit battle-ground
+for theological controversy. Still, since the question of the
+translation of Heb. xiii. 4. has been mooted, I beg with much deference
+to suggest that it will not be quite right to let it fall to the ground
+unsettled, especially since
+C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> has thought fit to charge those of
+our Reformers who translated the Scriptures with mistranslating
+advisedly, and with propagating new doctrines.</p>
+
+<p>C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS'S</span> version of the passage is right, and our English version is
+wrong; but the fault lies in the ignorance of our translators, an
+ignorance which they shared with all the scholars of their day, and many
+not bad scholars of our own, of the effect produced on the force of the
+article by the relation in which it stands to the other words in the
+clause, in point of order.
+<span title="[Greek: ho timios gamos]">&#8001; &#964;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962; &#947;&#8049;&#956;&#959;&#962;</span> is "the honourable
+marriage;"
+<span title="[Greek: ho timios gamos esti]">&#8001; &#964;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962; &#947;&#8049;&#956;&#959;&#962; &#7952;&#963;&#964;&#8055;</span> is "the honourable marriage
+is;"
+<span title="[Greek: ho gamos timios]">&#8001; &#947;&#8049;&#956;&#959;&#962; &#964;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962;</span> is untranslateable, unless you supply
+<span title="[Greek: esti]">&#7952;&#963;&#964;&#8055;</span>, and then it means "the marriage" (or, marriage in
+general, in the abstract) "is honourable." But
+<span title="[Greek: est�]">&#7956;&#963;&#964;&#969;</span> might be
+supplied, as it is in Heb. xiii. 4., when it will mean, "let marriage be
+honourable:" and
+<span title="[Greek: timios ho gamos]">&#964;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962; &#8001; &#947;&#8049;&#956;&#959;&#962;</span> has just the same meaning,
+with perhaps this difference, that the emphasis falls more distinctly on
+<span title="[Greek: timios]">&#964;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962;</span>. The circumstance that the mere assertion that marriage
+is honourable in all (men or things), true as it is in itself, ill
+accords with the tenor of the passage of which it forms a part, which is
+hortatory, not assertive, is a good reason why<a id="Page_428"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[428]</span>
+ C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS'S</span> version
+should be preferred. But when we find afterwards the words
+<span title="[Greek: kai h� koit� amiantos]">&#954;&#945;&#8054; &#7969; &#954;&#959;&#8055;&#964;&#951; &#7936;&#956;&#8055;&#945;&#957;&#964;&#959;&#962;</span>, it
+ is impossible to deny this hortatory force to the
+sentence; for those words cannot mean "the undefiled bed:" and to
+translate them "the (or their) bed is undefiled"&mdash;which is the only
+version which they will here bear, but one&mdash;would give but a feeble
+sense. That sole remaining sense is, "the bed (let it) be undefiled;"
+subaudite
+<span title="[Greek: est�]">&#7956;&#963;&#964;&#969;</span> in the verse is, "Let marriage be honourable in
+all" (men or things), "and the bed be undefiled; but (or for)
+whoremongers and adulterers God will judge." Had our translators known
+that
+<span title="[Greek: h� koit� amiantos]">&#7969; &#954;&#959;&#8055;&#964;&#951; &#7936;&#956;&#8055;&#945;&#957;&#964;&#959;&#962;</span> could not mean "the bed undefiled," they
+would at once have been driven to see that the verse is a commandment:
+and the commandment that marriage should be held honourable in all men
+(or in all respects), would have served the purpose of their doctrines
+quite as well as the affirmative form which they have given to their
+present version. I say, it would have served their purpose; but I say
+more: they heeded not what did or would serve their purpose. They looked
+only for the truth and disregarded all else in their pursuit of it. With
+regard to the controversy about
+<span title="[Greek: en pasi]">&#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span>, it is immaterial which
+version be adopted. M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER</span> is right in the rule which he enunciates,
+if he means that in those cases of adjectives in which the masculine and
+neuter forms are the same, "man" or "men," not "thing" or "things," must
+be understood: but it is not always observed, even in classical writers,
+either in Latin or in Greek. There is no reason why it should be broken
+here; and I do not believe it is broken. It must have been only by a
+slip of C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS'S</span> pen that he called
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> a feminine adjective.
+It undoubtedly refers to both sexes. I wish E. A. D. had given the Greek
+of the passages from Chrysostom and Augustine, of which he has
+communicated the Oxford translation, which is as likely to err, perhaps,
+as any other. Jerome's Latin, like the Vulgate, though the words are not
+precisely the same, gives a literal version of the Greek, without
+supplying any verb at all, either <i>est</i> or <i>sit</i>, and, since the Latin
+has not that expressive power in cases like this which the article gives
+to the Greek, leaves the passage obscure and undecided.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> T<span class="smcap lowercase">HEOPHYLACT.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Replies to Minor Queries.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>"Crowns have their Compass," &amp;c.</i> </span>
+<span>(Vol. iv., p. 294.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The lines
+alluded to by your correspondent M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">BSALON</span> form a inscription on a
+portrait of King James I. in the Cracherode Collection. (Vide Beloe's
+<i>Anecdotes</i>, vol. i. p. 210.)</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+     <p> "Crownes have their compasse, length of dayes their date,</p>
+     <p> Triumphes their tombes, felicitie her fate;</p>
+     <p> Of more than earth can earth make none partaker,</p>
+     <p>But knowledge makes the king most like his Maker."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>I am aware that this reference does not go to the "root of the matter,"
+if M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">BSALON</span> wishes to ascertain the author's name; but it may serve
+as a clue to further discovery.</p>
+
+   <p class="right">M<span class="smcap lowercase">ARGARET</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">ATTY.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left">  Ecclesfield.</p>
+
+<p>It is quite obvious what lines your correspondent alludes to, though the
+above quotation which he gives as the commencement of them is not quite
+correct, nor were they written with the object he supposes.</p>
+
+<p>I send a correct copy of them below, taken from Mr. Payne Collier's very
+interesting <i>Life of Shakspeare</i>, to whom they have always been
+attributed; and, it is said, with every show of reason. It is supposed
+they were written by him in the shape of a complimentary allusion to
+King James I., in grateful acknowledgment of the patronage bestowed by
+that monarch upon the stage. The subject is fully discussed at pp. 202,
+203. of Mr. Knight's volume, whence, indeed, the above information is
+derived; and he publishes the lines, as follows, stating then to be
+copied from a coeval manuscript in his possession:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<div class="stanza">
+
+      <p>"SHAKSPEARE ON THE KING.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="stanza">
+
+     <p> "Crowns have their compass&mdash;length of days their date&mdash;</p>
+      <p>Triumphs their tomb&mdash;felicity, her fate&mdash;</p>
+    <p>  Of nought but earth can earth make us partaker,</p>
+      <p>But knowledge makes a king most like his Maker."</p>
+
+</div>
+</div>
+
+<p>Some one, to make the allusion more complete, that is, to over-do it,
+changed "<i>a</i> king" into "<i>the</i> king" in a subsequent publication of the
+lines. But this, as Mr. Payne Collier very justly feels, completely
+spoils the whole complexion of the epigram, and perverts a fine allusion
+into a raw personality.</p>
+
+  <p class="right"> J. J. A.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>The Rev. Richard Farmer</i> </span>
+<span>(Vol. iv., pp. 379.<a id="farmer4"></a><a title="Go to footnote 4." href="#fn4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> 407.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The
+observations of B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY</span> upon my incidental mention of Dr. Farmer,
+are, I think, wholly unwarranted, both in substance and manner,
+especially as he himself furnishes ample confirmation of its truth.</p>
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn4"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#farmer4" class="label">[4]</a> At
+page 379., second column, fifth line from bottom, for
+"thrice" read "twice."</p>
+
+<p>Taking his quotations in due order&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>1. The certificate of Dr. Farmer's character for learning and ability is
+unnecessary, because neither was impugned; nor does an allegation of
+atrocity in taste and judgment necessarily imply deficiency in mere
+book-learning.</p>
+
+<p>2. As for Isaac Reed's opinion in favour of Farmer's Essay, it might be
+met by many of directly opposite tendency, and of at least equal weight.</p>
+
+<p>3. In the only point really in question,
+ B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY</span> "cannot deny that
+Farmer related the anecdote of the <i>wool-man</i>" (that being the
+reputed<a id="Page_429"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[429]</span> trade of Shakspeare's father); but to what end was it
+related, if not to suggest an application of which Steevens was only the
+interpreter?</p>
+
+<p>But B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY</span> thinks the character of the witness suspicious; he
+forgets that only just before he had stated that the anecdote and its
+application had been repeated in three editions, extending over thirteen
+years, all within the lifetime of Dr. Farmer!</p>
+
+     <p class="right">A. E. B.</p>
+
+   <p class="left"> Leeds.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Earwig</i></span>
+<span> (Vol. iv., pp. 274. 411.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The correspondent who asserts the
+<i>curious fact</i> that Johnson, Richardson, and Webster do not notice the
+word <i>earwig</i> must have consulted some expurgated editions of the works
+of those celebrated lexicographers&mdash;or else we must consider his
+assertion as a <i>curious fact</i> in the history of literary oversights.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY</span>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Miscellaneous.</span>
+</h2>
+
+<h3>
+<span>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>Although there are few books which have proved of greater utility to
+inquirers into the more recent history of England than Beatson's
+<i>Political Index</i>, yet it is also true that there are few which have
+more frequently or more justly caused the reader to feel the want of a
+new and improved edition. A very short examination, however, of Mr.
+Haydn's recently published Beatson's <i>Political Index Modernised, The
+Book of Dignities, containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the
+British Empire, Civil, Ecclesiastical, Judicial, Military, Naval, and
+Municipal, &amp;c.</i>, will satisfy the reader that such want has at length
+been supplied in a manner the most ample and the most satisfactory. For
+though we have referred to Beatson's well-known work for the purpose of
+furnishing a better idea of the <i>Book of Dignities</i>, we are bound to
+acknowledge that Mr. Haydn is justified in stating, that in the work in
+question he owes little more than the plan to Beatson. Mr. Haydn's
+volume not only contains many lists (among them the "Administrations of
+England, and the Judges of the Ecclesiastical Courts") not to be found
+in the <i>Political Index</i>, but the author has had the advantage of being
+permitted to search the various official records with the view of
+enabling him to give complete and accurate information. The result, of
+course, is obvious; namely, that just in the same proportion that our
+author surpasses Beatson in the extent and accuracy of his various
+lists, does the <i>Book of Dignities</i> exceed its predecessor in usefulness
+to the official man, the historian, and the scholar.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Hunt's experience as a public lecturer at the various literary and
+scientific institutions of the country, having convinced him that for
+the majority of the members of those institutions most of the existing
+works on natural philosophy are of too abstruse and technical a
+character&mdash;are, in short, sealed books,&mdash;he has been led to publish a
+small volume which we have no doubt will soon become extremely popular.
+It is entitled <i>Elementary Physics, an Introduction to the Study of
+Natural Philosophy</i>; and, as its object is to teach physical science so
+far as to render all the great deductions from observation and
+experiment satisfactorily clear, without encountering the difficulty of
+mathematics,&mdash;and no one is better able to do this, and throw a charm
+over such a subject, than the author of the <i>Poetry of Science</i>,&mdash;the
+work, which is illustrated with upwards of two hundred woodcuts, will be
+found eminently useful; not only to those who have neither time nor
+opportunity to carry their studies beyond its pages, but especially as a
+"first book" to those in whom it may awaken the desire for a more
+perfect knowledge of the beautiful and important truths of which it
+treats.</p>
+
+<p>The nature of the <i>Hand Atlas of Physical Geography, consisting of a
+Series of Maps and Illustrations, showing the Geographical Distribution
+of Natural Phenomena, embracing the Divisions of Geology, Hydrography,
+Meteorology, Natural History: from the Physikalischer Atlas of Berghaus,
+and the Maps of the Erdkunde, drawn by and under the immediate
+Superintendence of Drs. Ritter and Kiepert, Oetzel, Grimm, &amp;c., by the
+Editor of the University Atlas of the Middle Ages</i>, is sufficiently
+described by its ample title-page; which shows, moreover, that the work
+is not a mere copy or reduction of the great atlas of Berghaus, on which
+it is founded. As a companion to the works of Humboldt, Mrs. Somerville,
+and other writers on physical geography, it will be found most useful;
+while its convenient size, and moderate price, place it within the reach
+of almost all classes of readers.</p>
+
+<p>C<span class="smcap lowercase">ATALOGUES</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">ECEIVED</span>.&mdash;Nattali and Bond's (23. Bedford Street) Catalogue
+Part II. of Ancient and Modern Books; Adam Holden's (60. High Street,
+Exeter) Catalogue Part XXXIII. of Second-hand Books in Excellent
+Condition; B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue
+No. 37. of Books in Oriental Literature; J. Russell Smith's (4. Old
+Compton Street, Soho) Catalogue Part VII. of an Extensive Collection of
+Choice, Useful, and Curious Books.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES<br />
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p class="indh"> H<span class="smcap lowercase">UNTER'S</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">EANERY OF</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">ONCASTER.</span> Vol. I. Large or small paper.</p>
+
+   <p>C<span class="smcap lowercase">LARE'S</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">URAL</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">USE.</span></p>
+
+<p class="indh">  C<span class="smcap lowercase">HRISTIAN</span>
+ P<span class="smcap lowercase">IETY FREED FROM THE</span>
+ D<span class="smcap lowercase">ELUSIONS OF</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ODERN</span> E<span class="smcap lowercase">NTHUSIASTS</span>.
+   A.D. 1756 or 1757.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">  A<span class="smcap lowercase">N</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">NSWER TO</span> F<span class="smcap lowercase">ATHER</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">UDDLESTONE'S</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">HORT AND </span>
+P<span class="smcap lowercase">LAIN</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">AY TO THE</span>
+   F<span class="smcap lowercase">AITH AND</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">HURCH</span>. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">   R<span class="smcap lowercase">EASONS FOR</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">BROGATING THE</span>
+T<span class="smcap lowercase">EST IMPOSED UPON ALL</span>
+M<span class="smcap lowercase">EMBERS OF</span>
+   P<span class="smcap lowercase">ARLIAMENT</span>. By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">   L<span class="smcap lowercase">EWIS'S</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">IFE OF</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">AXTON</span>. 8vo. 1737.</p>
+
+<p class="indh"> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ATALOGUE OF</span> J<span class="smcap lowercase">OSEPH</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">MES'S</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">IBRARY.</span> 8vo. 1760.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">  T<span class="smcap lowercase">RAPP'S</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">OMMENTARY</span>. Folio. Vol. I.</p>
+
+<p class="indh"> W<span class="smcap lowercase">HITLAY'S</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">ARAPHRASE ON THE</span> N<span class="smcap lowercase">EW</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">ESTAMENT</span>. Folio. Vol. I. 1706.</p>
+
+<p class="indh"> L<span class="smcap lowercase">ONG'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">STRONOMY.</span> 4to. 1742.</p>
+
+<p class="indh"> M<span class="smcap lowercase">AD</span>. D'A<span class="smcap lowercase">RBLAY'S</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">IARY</span>. Vol. II 1842.</p>
+
+<p class="indh"> A<span class="smcap lowercase">DAMS'</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ORAL</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">ALES</span>.</p>
+
+<p class="indh"> A<span class="smcap lowercase">UTOBIOGRAPHY OF</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHNSON.</span> 1805.</p>
+
+
+<p class="indh6">
+<span class="topnum">*</span><span class="botnum">*</span><span class="topnum">*</span> Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,
+   <i>carriage free</i>, to be sent to M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, Publisher of "NOTES AND
+   QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.<a id="Page_430"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[430]</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Notices to Correspondents.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>J. N<span class="smcap lowercase">ORTH</span> <i>will find his Query respecting the</i> Zollverein <i>answered in
+our</i> 3rd Vol. p. 451. <i>His others shall appear shortly.</i></p>
+
+<p>L<span class="smcap lowercase">OVELACE'S</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">OEMS</span>. D. H. M. C. <i>is informed that these were reprinted in
+1817, under the editorship of our valued correspondent</i>
+M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">INGER</span>.</p>
+
+<p>J. R<span class="smcap lowercase">AYNER</span>, <i>who asks for names of present reigning sovereigns, of
+presidents of the United States for the last thirty years, and of the
+governors-general of India, is referred to Mr. Haydn's</i> Book of
+Dignities <i>(noticed in our present number), where he will find all the
+information of which he is in search.</i></p>
+
+<p>W. S. W. <i>Many thanks for your kind reminder. The article is in type,
+although omitted this week from want of room.</i></p>
+
+<p>J. S. B. <i>is thanked. Such a list would be most useful.</i></p>
+
+<p>R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPLIES</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">ECEIVED</span>.&mdash;<i>Pope's Honest Factor&mdash;Serpent with Human
+Head&mdash;Marriage of Ecclesiastics&mdash;Hobbes's Leviathan&mdash;Definition of
+Truth&mdash;Wearing Gloves before Royalty&mdash;Derivation of Earwig&mdash;Dictionary
+of Hackneyed Quotations&mdash;Passage in Campbell&mdash;"'Tis Twopence
+now"&mdash;Cozens the Painter&mdash;"Acu tinali meridi"&mdash;Nightingale and Thorn,
+&amp;c.&mdash;Theodolite&mdash;Temple of �gina&mdash;Ashen Fagots&mdash;Cause of
+Transparency&mdash;Praed's Charade&mdash;Marriages in ruined Churches&mdash;Age of
+Trees&mdash;Joceline's Legacy&mdash;St. Bene't Fink&mdash;Bristol Tables&mdash;"A little
+Bird told me"&mdash;Lycian Inscriptions&mdash;Tuden Aled.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Copies of our</i> Prospectus, <i>according to the suggestion of</i> T. E. H.,
+<i>will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by
+circulating them.</i></p>
+
+<p>V<span class="smcap lowercase">OLS.</span> I., II., <i>and</i> III., <i>with very copious Indices, may still be had,
+price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth.</i></p>
+
+<p>N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span> <i>is published at noon on Friday, so that our country
+Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped
+Edition is 10s. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office
+Order drawn in favour of our Publisher</i>,
+ M<span class="smcap lowercase">R</span>. G<span class="smcap lowercase">EORGE</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, 186 Fleet
+Street; <i>to whose care all communications for the Editor should be
+addressed.</i></p>
+
+<p><i>Errata.</i>&mdash;Page 345,
+for "<span class="smcap lowercase">FERMILODUM</span>"
+read "<span class="smcap lowercase">FERMILODVNI</span>;" p. 394. col.
+1. l. 34. for "Danish" read "Dutch;" p. 395. col. 1. l. 19. for
+"Dunfe<i>r</i>line" read "Dunfermline."</p>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center"> This day are published at the<br />
+      UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD,</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">THE LIFE OF JAMES DUKE OF ORMOND; containing an account of the most
+remarkable affairs of his time, and particularly of Ireland under his
+government: with an Appendix and a Collection of Letters, serving to
+verify the most material facts in the said History. A new Edition,
+carefully compared with the original MSS. 6 vols. 8vo. Price 2<i>l.</i> 6<i>s.</i>
+in boards.</p>
+
+<p>NOVUM TESTAMENTUM GR�CUM. Accedunt parallela S. Scriptur� loca, necnon
+vetus capitulorum notatio et canones Eusebii. 18mo. Price 3<i>s.</i> in
+boards.</p>
+
+<p>THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT CONNECTED in the History of the Jews and
+Neighbouring Nations, from the declension of the Kingdoms of Israel and
+Judah to the time of Christ. By HUMPHREY PRIDEAUX, Dean of Norwich. 2
+vols. 8vo. Price 14<i>s.</i> in boards.</p>
+
+<p>FASTI HELLENICI. The Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece and Rome,
+from the CXXIVth Olympiad to the Death of Augustus. By HENRY FYNES
+CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. Second Edition, with
+additions. 4to. Price 1<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i> in boards.</p>
+
+<p>An EPITOME of the the Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece from the
+earliest Accounts to the Death of Augustus, By HENRY FYNES CLINTON,
+Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. 8vo. Price 6<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> in
+boards.</p>
+
+<p>�SCHYLI Trag&oelig;di� Superstites et Deperditarum Fragmenta ex recensione
+G. DINDORFII. Tomus III. Scholia Gr�ca ex Codicibus aucta et emendata.
+8vo. Price 8<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> in boards.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and 377. Strand, London: and E.
+GARDNER, 7. Paternoster Row, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST.</p>
+
+<table summary="PHILLIPS Tea Pricelist">
+
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Congou Tea</td><td class="tdleft">3<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">per lb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Souchong Tea</td><td class="tdleft">4<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Gunpowder Tea</td><td class="tdleft">5<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Old Mocha Coffee</td><td class="tdleft">1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best West India Coffee</td><td class="tdleft">1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Fine True Ripe Rich<br />Rare Souchong Tea  </td><td class="tdleft">4<i>s.</i> 0<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<p>40<i>s.</i> worth or upwards sent CARRIAGE FREE to any part of England by</p>
+
+
+<p class="center"> PHILLIPS &amp; CO., TEA MERCHANTS,</p>
+<p class="center">No. 8. King William Street, City, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center bla">  <span class="xx-large">Churches of the Middle Ages</span>,</p>
+    <p class="center">  By HENRY BOWMAN and J. T. CROWTHER, Architects,
+      Manchester.</p>
+
+   <p class="center"> No. XVI. published this day.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center smaller">CONTENTS.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">S. PETER'S CLAYPOLE, LINCOLNSHIRE,</p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent">      Plate 1.&mdash;Plan and Elevation of Sedilia in Chancel.</p>
+<p class="i1">       "    2.&mdash;Details of Sedilia, and Plan, Elevation, and Details of Locker.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">S. JOHN'S WAPPENBURY, WARWICKSHIRE.</p>
+
+
+<p class="i3">       Plate 2.&mdash;East and South Elevations of Chancel.</p>
+     <p class="i5">   "   3.&mdash;Details of Chancel.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">S. MARY'S FRAMPTON, LINCOLNSHIRE.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">   Plate 1.&mdash;Ground Plan.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">S. PETER'S THREEKINGHAM, LINCOLNSHIRE.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">  Plate 5.&mdash;Longitudinal Section.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">Price 9<i>s.</i> plain; 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> tinted; 12<i>s.</i> proofs, on large paper.</p>
+
+
+   <p class="center">GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+    <p class="center"> This day is published, price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>,</p>
+
+ <p class="center2">   A FEW REMARKS</p>
+
+    <p class="center"> ON<br />
+      A PAMPHLET BY MR. SHILLETO,<br />
+      ENTITLED<br />
+      "THUCYDIDES OR GROTE?"</p>
+
+  <p class="center1"> Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON; London: GEORGE BELL;<br />
+      Oxford: J. H. PARKER.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center2">TEN GUINEAS REWARD.</p>
+
+<p>RUTHVEN, EARL OF GOWRIE.&mdash;PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of William, Earl of
+Gowrie, married between the years 1615 and 1625, as generally stated.
+The above reward will be paid to any person who may find the place of
+marriage, and will produce a Certificate thereof.</p>
+
+  <p class="center2">THREE GUINEAS REWARD.</p>
+
+<p>On the production of a Certificate of the Marriage of SIR ANTHONY VAN
+DYCK with MARIA RUTHVEN, which took place in 1640.</p>
+
+  <p class="center2">THREE GUINEAS REWARD.</p>
+
+<p>For any evidence of the Death or Burial of PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of the
+before-mentioned Patrick, the brother of the said Maria Van Dyck,
+formerly Ruthven. He was living in 1656 (then administrator of his
+father's effects) and was dead probably before 1710.</p>
+
+  <p class="center">Communications upon these points are to be transmitted to "The Editor of
+NOTES AND QUERIES."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center">   December 1.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">THE ART-JOURNAL, for DECEMBER, completes the Third Volume of the New
+Series, for 1851; and contains the Title, Dedication to Prince Albert,
+Table of Contents, &amp;c.</p>
+
+  <p class="center">The Volume of<br />
+      THE ART-JOURNAL FOR 1851,</p>
+
+<p class="noindent">is this day published, containing Thirty-six Engravings on steel, and
+several hundred Engravings on wood. Price 31<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
+
+    <p class="center">  To be had of all Booksellers in Town and Country.</p>
+
+   <p class="center">THE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF THE
+      GREAT EXHIBITION.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent">(Published in connection with the ART-JOURNAL), may still be obtained of
+any Bookseller, but it will be soon "out of print."</p>
+
+<p>Active preparations are in progress for introducing several marked
+IMPROVEMENTS in the ART-JOURNAL: these will be evidenced in the Part to
+be issued on the 1st of January, 1852; which, commencing a new volume,
+affords a favourable opportunity for new Subscribers.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center">  Cloth 1<i>s.</i>, pp. 169, by post 1<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">WELSH SKETCHES, chiefly Ecclesiastical, to the Close of the Twelfth
+Century. By the Author of "Proposals for Christian Union."</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">   "Are written in the same attractive and popular style."&mdash;<i>Notes
+   and Queries.</i></p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">   "Show great research on the part of the Author into the early
+   history of the Principality. We can recommend this little work to
+   all those who are curious in these matters."&mdash;<i>Carmarthen
+   Journal.</i></p>
+
+  <p class="center">London: JAMES DARLING, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-inn-fields.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center"> Just published,</p>
+
+  <p class="center">  ALMANACKS FOR 1852.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">WHITAKER'S CLERGYMAN'S DIARY, for 1852, will contain a Diary, with Table
+of Lessons, Collects, &amp;c., and full directions for Public Worship for
+every day in the year, with blank spaces for Memoranda: A List of all
+the Bishops and other Dignitaries of the Church, arranged under the
+order of their respective Dioceses; Bishops of the Scottish and American
+Churches; and particulars respecting the Roman Catholic and Greek
+Churches; together with Statistics of the various Religious Sects in
+England; Particulars of the Societies connected with the Church; of the
+Universities, &amp;c. Members of both Houses of Convocation, of both Houses
+of Parliament, the Government, Courts of Law, &amp;c. With Instructions to
+Candidates for Holy Orders; and a variety of information useful to all
+Clergymen, price in cloth 3<i>s.</i>, or 5<i>s.</i> as a pocket-book with tuck.</p>
+
+<p>THE FAMILY ALMANACK AND EDUCATIONAL REGISTER for 1852 will contain, in
+addition to the more than usual contents of an Almanack for Family Use,
+a List of the Universities of the United Kingdom, with the Heads of
+Houses, Professors, &amp;c. A List of the various Colleges connected with
+the Church of England, Roman Catholics, and various Dissenting bodies.
+Together with a complete List of all the Foundation and Grammar Schools,
+with an Account of the Scholarships and Exhibitions attached to them; to
+which is added an Appendix, containing an Account of the Committee of
+Council on Education, and of the various Training Institutions for
+Teachers; compiled from original sources.</p>
+
+<p>WHITAKER'S PENNY ALMANACK FOR CHURCHMEN. Containing thirty-six pages of
+Useful Information, including a Table of the Lessons; Lists of both
+Houses of Parliament, &amp;c. &amp;c., stitched in a neat wrapper.</p>
+
+  <p class="center"> JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford and London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND<br />
+ ANNUITY SOCIETY,</p>
+<p class="center">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p>
+
+<p class="center">FOUNDED A.D.&nbsp;1842.</p>
+
+<div class="box"><p>
+
+   <i>Directors.</i></p>
+
+     <p class="noindent">H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">William Cabell, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">G. Henry Drew, Esq.</p>
+
+     <p class="noindent">William Evans, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">William Freeman, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">F. Fuller, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">J. Henry Goodhart, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">T. Grissell, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">James Hunt, Esq.</p>
+
+     <p class="noindent">J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">E. Lucas, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">James Lys Seager, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">J. Basley White, Esq.</p>
+     <p class="noindent">Joseph Carter Wood, Esq.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="box">
+
+     <p> <i>Trustees.</i></p>
+
+     <p class="noindent"> W. Whately, Esq., Q.C.</p>
+     <p class="noindent"> L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.</p>
+     <p class="noindent"> George Drew, Esq.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="box">
+
+     <p class="noindent"><i>Consulting Counsel.</i>&mdash;Sir William P. Wood, M.P., Solicitor-General.</p>
+     <p class="noindent"><i>Physician.</i>&mdash;William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p>
+
+     <p class="noindent"><i>Bankers.</i>&mdash;Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="center1">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p>
+
+<p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application
+to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed
+in the Prospectus.</p>
+
+<div class="box">
+
+<p class="noindent">Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share in
+      three-fourths of the Profits:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Age&nbsp;&nbsp;�&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>s.</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;14&nbsp;&nbsp;4</p>
+<p>22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;8</p>
+<p>27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5</p>
+
+<p>32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;10&nbsp;&nbsp;8</p>
+<p>37&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;6</p>
+<p>42&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2</p>
+
+ <p class="center" >     ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i>&nbsp;6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material additions,
+INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION; being a TREATISE on BENEFIT
+BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment,
+exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies,
+&amp;c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life
+Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life
+Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">LONDON LIBRARY, 12. St. James's Square.&mdash;Patron&mdash;His Royal Highness
+Prince ALBERT.</p>
+
+<p>This Institution now offers to its members a collection of 60,000
+volumes, to which additions are constantly making, both in English and
+foreign literature. A reading room is also open for the use of the
+members, supplied with the best English and foreign periodicals.</p>
+
+<p>Terms of admission&mdash;entrance fee, 6<i>l.</i>; annual subscription, 2<i>l.</i>; or
+entrance fee and life subscription, 26<i>l.</i></p>
+
+      <p class="i5">By order of the Committee.</p>
+
+ <p>September, 1851.</p>
+
+      <p class="i5">J. G. COCHRANE, Secretary and Librarian.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center"> VERY IMPORTANT MANUSCRIPTS.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">PUTTICK AND SIMPSON. Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by
+AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on THURSDAY, December 4,
+a collection of valuable Manuscripts, including many important Records
+of English Counties and Families, Deeds and Charters from a very early
+date, some having interesting and curious seals; numerous Original
+Documents relating to English monasteries; large collection of Drawings
+of Antiquities in various English counties, particularly
+Gloucestershire; most interesting MS. relating to London; Libellus Beati
+Misericordis, a legendary MS. of about the year 1350; "The Booke that ys
+cleped the Mirrour of the Blissed Liffe of Jhesu Criste," an English MS.
+of about the year 1449; Churchwardens' Accounts for Berkhampstead, 1585
+to 1746, an important MS.; the unpublished Diary of Walter Yonge, 1640
+to 1649, 6 vols.; Diary of the Rev. J. Hopkins, A.D. 1700; Gemistus and
+Phurnutus, an important Greek MS. of the fifteenth century; some
+interesting Italian Historical MSS., and Autograph Letters. Catalogues
+will be sent on application (if in the country, on receipt of two
+stamps).</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center"> In 2 vols. imperial 8vo., price 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> Illustrated by upwards of
+      2000 Engravings on Wood.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">THE IMPERIAL DICTIONARY, English, Technological, and Scientific; adapted
+to the present State of Literature, Science, and Art, on the Basis of
+"Webster's English Dictionary;" with the Addition of many Thousand Words
+and Phrases from the other Standard Dictionaries and Encyclop�dias, and
+from numerous other sources; comprising all Words purely English, and
+the principal and most generally used Technical and Scientific Terms,
+together with their Etymologies, and their Pronunciation, according to
+the best authorities.</p>
+
+  <p class="center">CHARACTER OF THE WORK.</p>
+
+<p>This work is admitted to be superior to any Dictionary hitherto offered
+to the public. See opinions in Prospectus from Rev. James Robertson,
+D.D., Professor of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History, University of
+Edinburgh; Rev. Phillip Killand, M.A., Professor of Mathematics,
+University of Edinburgh; Rev. John Fleming, D.D., Professor of Natural
+Science, New College, Edinburgh; Rev. Thomas Luby, Senior Fellow of
+Trinity College, Dublin; James Thomson, LL.D., Professor of Mathematics,
+University of Glasgow.</p>
+
+  <p class="center">   BLACKIE &amp; SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street,
+      Edinburgh; and Warwick Square, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+  <p class="center"> Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9<i>s.</i>; Morocco elegant, 11<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">BOOK OF SCOTTISH SONG; a Collection of the Best and most approved Songs
+of Scotland, Ancient and Modern; with Critical and Historical Notices
+regarding them and their Authors, and an Essay on Scottish Song. With
+engraved Frontispiece and Title.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">
+   "The neatest and most comprehensive collection of Scottish
+   minstrelsy, ancient and modern."&mdash;<i>Edinburgh Advertiser.</i></p>
+
+  <p class="center1"> Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9<i>s.</i>; Morocco elegant, 11<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p>BOOK OF SCOTTISH BALLADS; a Comprehensive Collection of the Ballads of
+Scotland, with numerous Illustrative Notes, by the Editor of "The Book
+of Scottish Song." With engraved Frontispiece and Title.</p>
+
+  <p class="blockquot"> "A rich and valuable collection&mdash;accompanied by critical and
+   bibliographical illustrations which add largely to the interest
+   of the volume."&mdash;<i>John Bull.</i></p>
+
+<p class="center">      BLACKIE &amp; SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street,
+      Edinburgh; and Warwick Square, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center">Vols. I. and II. now ready.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Elegantly bound in ultramarine cloth, gilt edges, price 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">GIRLHOOD OF SHAKSPEARE'S HEROINES.</p>
+
+<p>A Series of Fifteen Tales. By MARY COWDEN CLARKE. Periodically, in One
+Shilling Books, each containing a complete Story.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">Vol. I. Price 6<i>s.</i></p>
+
+ <p class="indh"> Tale I. PORTIA: THE HEIRESS OF BELMONT.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale II. THE THANE'S DAUGHTER.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale III. HELENA: THE PHYSICIAN'S ORPHAN.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale IV. DESDEMONA: THE MAGNIFICO'S CHILD.</p>
+ <p class="indh"> Tale V. MEG AND ALICE: THE MERRY MAIDS OF WINDSOR.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">Vol. II. Price 6<i>s.</i></p>
+
+ <p class="indh">Tale VI. ISABELLA: THE VOTARESS.</p>
+ <p class="indh"> Tale VII. KATHARINA AND BIANCA: THE SHREW, AND THE DEMURE.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale VIII. OPHELIA: THE ROSE OF ELSINORE.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale IX. ROSALIND AND CELIA: THE FRIENDS.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale X. JULIET: THE WHITE DOVE OF VERONA.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">Vol. III. (In progress.)</p>
+
+ <p class="indh"> Tale XI. BEATRICE AND HERO: THE COUSINS.</p>
+ <p class="indh"> Tale XII. OLIVIA: THE LADY OF ILLYRIA.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">SMITH &amp; CO., 136. Strand; and SIMPKIN &amp; CO., Stationers' Hall Court.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center"><span class="xx-large">CHOICE AND USEFUL BOOKS</span>,</p>
+
+<p class="center2">AT</p>
+
+<p class="center"><span class="x-large">JAS. NEWMAN'S, 235. HIGH HOLBORN.</span></p>
+
+    <p>  <span class="strong1">Ashmole's</span> Institution, Laws, and Ceremonies of
+      the Order of the Garter, fine plates by Hollar, with an Autograph
+      Letter of Ashmole inserted, folio, neat. 3<i>l.</i> 3<i>s.</i>       <span class="right1">1672.</span></p>
+
+   <p>   <span class="strong1">Anderson's</span> Royal Genealogies, best edition, folio,
+      neat. 2<i>l.</i>                                                    <span class="right1"> 1736.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Banks's</span> Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England,
+      with Supplement, 4 vols. 4to. hf. bd. calf. 1<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i>       <span class="right1">1807-37.</span></p>
+
+<p>&mdash;&mdash; Baronia Anglica Concentrata; or, An
+      Account of Baronies in Fee, with the Proofs of Parliamentary Sitting
+      from the Reign of Edward I., 2 vols. 4to. 1<i>l.</i> 1<i>s.</i>        <span class="right1">1844.</span></p>
+
+  <p>    <span class="strong1">Bracton</span> De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angli�,
+      best edition, folio, very neat. 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i>        <span class="right1">1569.</span></p>
+
+  <p>    <span class="strong1">Britton's</span> Cathedral Antiquities of Great Britain,
+      fine plates, large paper, 6 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. uncut. 15<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>
+    <span class="right1">  1814-36.</span></p>
+
+   <p>   &mdash;&mdash; Architectural Antiquities of Great Britain,
+      fine plates, large paper, 4 vols. royal 4to. russia extra. 8<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i>
+  <span class="right1"> 1807-14.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Berry's</span> Encyclop�dia of Heraldry, plates, 3 vols.
+      4to. cf. gt. 3<i>l.</i> 3<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">1820.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Bibliotheca</span> Topographica Britannica (Nichols's)
+      a Collection of Topographical, Antiquarian, and Biographical Tracts,
+      8 thick vols. 4to. boards, very scarce 14<i>l.</i> 14<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">  1780-90.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Collectanea</span> Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols.
+      royal 8vo. 5<i>l.</i> (Published at 8<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i>)
+<span class="right1"> 1834-43.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Carte's</span> History of the Life of James Duke of
+      Ormonde, 1610-88, 3 vols. folio, very neat. 3<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">  1735-6.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Chronicles</span> of England and France, by Froissart
+      and Monstrelet, translated by JOHNES, with the Memoirs of Froissart
+      and John Lord de Joinville, plates, 9 vols. royal 4to. fine set, russia
+      extra. 12<i>l.</i> 12<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">1803-10.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Devonshire.</span>&mdash;Oliver's Monasticon Diocesis Exoniensis,
+      fine plates, folio, calf extra. 3<i>l.</i> 3<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1"> 1846.</span></p>
+
+     <p> <span class="strong1">Domesday</span> Book, with the Introduction and Indexes,
+      also the Supplements, 4 vols. folio, new, hf. bd. calf. 7<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+        <span class="right1"> 1783-1816.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Dibdin's</span> Bibliographical, Antiquarian, and Picturesque
+      Tour in France and Germany, fine plates, best edition, 3 vols.
+      royal 8vo. russia extra. 6<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1"> 1821.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Drummond's</span> Histories of Noble British Families,
+      numerous fine Plates, some in colours. 2 vols. royal folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+      21<i>l.</i>
+     <span class="right1"> 1846.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Dugdale's</span> History of the Imbanking and Draining
+      of Fens, &amp;c., plates, folio, very neat. 2<i>l.</i>
+<span class="right1">1772.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Dumont</span> et Rousset, Corps Universel Diplomatique
+      du Droit des Gens, ou Recueil de Traites de Paix, de Treve, &amp;c. &amp;c.
+      30 vols. large paper, folio, fine copy, calf. 10<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">  1726-39.</span></p>
+
+     <p> <span class="strong1">Essex.</span>&mdash;Morant's History of the County, plates,
+      best edition, 2 vols. folio, uncut. 6<i>l.</i> 6<i>s.</i>
+          <span class="right1">1768.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Fenn's</span> Original Letters of the Paston Family,
+      written during the reigns of Henry VI., Edw. IV., &amp;c., 5 vols. 4to. fine
+      copy in russia, very scarce. 6<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
+ <span class="right1">   1787-1823.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Fosbrooke's</span> Encyclop�dia of Antiquities, with
+      the Foreign Topography, plates, best edition, 3 vols. 4to. calf extra.
+      2<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1"> 1823-8.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Fox's</span> Book of Martyrs, numerous curious cuts, &amp;c.
+      3 vols. folio calf, very neat. 3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
+  <span class="right1">     1641.</span></p>
+
+<p>    <span class="strong1">Fuller's</span> Worthies of England, with the Index,
+      folio, very neat, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">1662.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Grimaldi's</span> Origines Genealogic�, 4to. calf gilt,
+      scarce, 2<i>l.</i> 2<i>s.</i>
+   <span class="right1">  1828.</span></p>
+
+     <p> <span class="strong1">Gough's</span> Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain
+      fine plates, large folio.
+<span class="right1">1786-96.</span></p>
+
+    <p>  &mdash;&mdash; British Topography, an Account of what
+      has been done for illustrating Topographical Antiquities, 2 vols. 4to.
+      very neat. 1<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">1780.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Grose's</span> Antiquities of England, Wales, Scotland,
+      and Ireland, several hundred plates, 12 vols. imperial 8vo. russia. 8<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">  1784, &amp;c.</span></p>
+
+      <p><span class="strong1">Guillim's</span> Heraldry, fine plates, best edition, thick
+      folio, neat. 4<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i>
+ <span class="right1">  1724.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Hertfordshire.</span>&mdash;Chauncy's History of the County,
+      plates, including the scarce ones, fine copy, calf. 8<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">  1700.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Hertfordshire.</span>&mdash;Clutterbuck's History of the
+      County, fine plates, 3 vols. folio, very clean copy, in boards, 11<i>l.</i> 11<i>s.</i>
+      (Published at 18<i>l.</i> 18<i>s.</i>)
+<span class="right1"> 1815-27.</span></p>
+
+    <p>  <span class="strong1">Lelandi</span> de Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, cum
+      T. Hearnii, plates, 6 vols, 8vo. neat. 2<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i>
+  <span class="right1">  1770.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Lysons'</span> Magna Britannia, an Account of the
+      Counties of Beds, Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cornwall, Cumberland,
+      Derby, and Devon, many plates, 6 vols, 4to. hf. bd. neat.
+      3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
+ <span class="right1"> 1806-22.</span></p>
+
+<p>      &mdash;&mdash; Account of the Environs of London, with
+      the Supplement, plates, best edition, 6 vols. 4to. half russia. 3<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+    <span class="right1">   1792-6.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">London.</span>&mdash;Stow's Survey, many plates, best edition
+      by Strype, 2 vols. folio, fine copy in russia.
+  <span class="right1">  1754.</span></p>
+
+<p>      &mdash;&mdash; Wilkinson's Graphic and Historical
+      Illustrations, 207 interesting plates, 2 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. 3<i>l.</i> 13<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
+    <span class="right1">1819-25.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Madox's</span> Firma Burgi, Baronia Anglica, Formulare
+      Anglicanum, and History of the Exchequer, large paper. 4 vols.
+      folio, russia, gilt edges. 3<i>l.</i> 16<i>s.</i>
+  <span class="right1"> 1727. &amp;c.</span></p>
+
+ <p>     <span class="strong1">Manuscripts</span> in the British Museum.&mdash;Catalogues
+      of the Cottonian, Harleian, and Lansdowne Collections, 6 vols.
+      folio. 5<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">1802-19.</span></p>
+
+     <p> <span class="strong1">Montfaucon</span> (B. De), Les Monumens de la Monarchie
+      Fran�aise, numerous fine plates, 5 vols. folio, neat in calf, scarce.
+      8<i>l.</i> 18<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
+<span class="right1">Paris, 1729-33.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Meyrick's</span> Ancient Armour, last edition, much
+      enlarged, fine coloured engravings, 3 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+      8<i>l.</i> 18<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>
+    <span class="right1"> 1844.</span></p>
+
+ <p>     <span class="strong1">Murphy's</span> Arabian Antiquities of Spain, 100 fine
+      engravings, large folio, hf. bd. morocco, 7<i>l.</i> 7<i>s.</i></p>
+
+
+ <p>     <span class="strong1">Neale's</span> Views of Seats, nearly 900 fine plates,
+      proofs on India paper, with descriptions, large paper, 11 vols. 4to. 12<i>l.</i>
+      (Published at 55 guineas.)
+<span class="right1">1822-9.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Nichols's</span> Progresses and Processions of Queen
+      Elizabeth, also of King James I., plates, 7 vols. 4to. fine copy, new in
+      calf. 9<i>l.</i>
+<span class="right1"> 1823-8.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Norfolk.</span>&mdash;Blomefield and Parkin's History of
+      the County, plates, large paper, 11 vols. 4to. fine copy, calf. 9<i>l.</i>
+<span class="right1">   1805-10.</span></p>
+
+     <p> &mdash;&mdash; and Suffolk.&mdash;Cotman's Engravings of
+      the Sepulchral Brasses in those Counties, original edition, folio, hf. bd.
+      2<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1">1819.</span></p>
+
+<p>      &mdash;&mdash; another new edition enlarged, 2 vols.
+      folio, hf. bd. morocco. 4<i>l.</i> 14<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> (Published at 8<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i>)
+<span class="right1">  1838.</span></p>
+
+ <p>     &mdash;&mdash; Cotman's Architectural Antiquities of
+      the County, 240 fine plates, with Descriptions by Rickman, 2 vols. large
+      folio, hf. bd. morocco. 7<i>l.</i> 7<i>s.</i>
+       <span class="right1">1838.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Nottinghamshire.</span>&mdash;Thoroton's History of the
+      County, with additions by Thoresby, plates, 3 vols. 4to. very neat. 2<i>l</i> 15<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1"> 1797.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Oxfordshire.</span>&mdash;Plat's History of the County, best
+      edition, folio, fine copy, calf. 1<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+      <span class="right1"> 1705.</span></p>
+
+   <p>   &mdash;&mdash; Skelton's Antiquities of the County,
+      fine plates, royal 4to. calf extra. 2<i>l.</i> 8<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p>      &mdash;&mdash; The same, with the Oxonia Antiqua
+      Restaurata, the Colleges, Halls, &amp;c. and the Record of Oxford Founders,
+      4 vols. royal 4to. cloth. 6<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> (Published at 24<i>l.</i>)
+ <span class="right1"> 1823-8.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Painter's</span> Palace of Pleasure, a series of Tales
+      which appeared during the reign of Elizabeth, edited by Haslewood,
+      2 vols. 4to. hf. russia, uncut. 2<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i>
+    <span class="right1"> 1813.</span></p>
+
+<p>      <span class="strong1">Picart's</span> Ceremonies and Religious Customs of
+      various Nations, fine plates, large paper, 7 vols. large folio, hf. bd. 5<i>l.</i>
+<span class="right1">      1733.</span></p>
+
+   <p>   <span class="strong1">Rolls</span> (The) of Parliament, comprising the Petitions,
+      Pleas, &amp;c., from Edward I. to Henry VII., with Index, 7 vols. folio,
+      hf. bd. neat. 2<i>l.</i> 15<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p>     <span class="strong1"> Sandford's</span> Genealogical History of the Kings and
+      Queens of England, best edition, by Stebbing, plates, fine copy. 6<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i>
+<span class="right1"> 1707.</span></p>
+
+      <p><span class="strong1">Somersetshire.</span>&mdash;Collinson's History of the
+      County, plates, with some scarce additional ones inserted, 3 vols. royal
+      4to. hf. bd. uncut. 4<i>l.</i> 4<i>s.</i>                  <span class="right1">    1791.</span></p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+<p class="indh">   Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No.
+   5 New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of
+   London; and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street,
+   in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
+   Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday,
+   November 29, 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="tnbox">
+
+<p class="noindent">Transcriber's Note: &#1017; (Greek Capital Lunate Sigma Symbol) rather
+ than &#931; has been used in some words to reproduce the characters exactly. Original
+ spelling varieties have not been standardized.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="indh"><a id="pageslist1"></a><a title="Return to top" href="#was_added1"> Pages
+ in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV</a> </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">      Vol. I No.  1  November  3, 1849.  Pages   1 -  17  PG #  8603  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  2  November 10, 1849. Pages   18 -  32  PG # 11265  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  3  November 17, 1849. Pages   33 -  46  PG # 11577  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  4  November 24, 1849. Pages   49 -  63  PG # 13513  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  5  December  1, 1849. Pages   65 -  80  PG # 11636  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  6  December  8, 1849. Pages   81 -  95  PG # 13550  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  7  December 15, 1849. Pages   97 - 112  PG # 11651  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  8  December 22, 1849. Pages  113 - 128  PG # 11652  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No.  9  December 29, 1849. Pages  130 - 144  PG # 13521  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 10  January   5, 1850. Pages  145 - 160  PG #        </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 11  January  12, 1850. Pages  161 - 176  PG # 11653  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 12  January  19, 1850. Pages  177 - 192  PG # 11575  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 13  January  26, 1850. Pages  193 - 208  PG # 11707  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 14  February  2, 1850. Pages  209 - 224  PG # 13558  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 15  February  9, 1850. Pages  225 - 238  PG # 11929  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 16  February 16, 1850. Pages  241 - 256  PG # 16193  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 17  February 23, 1850. Pages  257 - 271  PG # 12018  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 18  March     2, 1850. Pages  273 - 288  PG # 13544  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 19  March     9, 1850. Pages  289 - 309  PG # 13638  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 20  March    16, 1850. Pages  313 - 328  PG # 16409  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 21  March    23, 1850. Pages  329 - 343  PG # 11958  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 22  March    30, 1850. Pages  345 - 359  PG # 12198  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 23  April     6, 1850. Pages  361 - 376  PG # 12505  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 24  April    13, 1850. Pages  377 - 392  PG # 13925  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 25  April    20, 1850. Pages  393 - 408  PG # 13747  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 26  April    27, 1850. Pages  409 - 423  PG # 13822  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">      Vol. I No. 27  May       4, 1850. Pages  425 - 447  PG # 13712  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 28  May      11, 1850. Pages  449 - 463  PG # 13684  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 29  May      18, 1850. Pages  465 - 479  PG # 15197  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. I No. 30  May      25, 1850. Pages   481 - 495  PG # 13713  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Notes and Queries Vol. II.                                  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol., No.,       Date, Year,          Pages,    PG #   </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 31  June  1, 1850.  Pages        1- 15  PG # 12589  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 32  June  8, 1850.  Pages       17- 32  PG # 15996  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 33  June 15, 1850.  Pages       33- 48  PG # 26121  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 34  June 22, 1850.   Pages      49- 64  PG # 22127  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 35  June 29, 1850.   Pages      65- 79  PG # 22126  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 36  July  6, 1850.  Pages       81- 96  PG # 13361  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 37  July 13, 1850.  Pages       97-112  PG # 13729  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 38  July 20, 1850.   Pages     113-128  PG # 13362  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 39  July 27, 1850.    Pages    129-143  PG # 13736  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 40  August  3, 1850. Pages     145-159  PG # 13389  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 41  August 10, 1850.  Pages    161-176  PG # 13393  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 42  August 17, 1850. Pages     177-191  PG # 13411  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 43  August 24, 1850.  Pages    193-207  PG # 13406  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 44  August 31, 1850.  Pages    209-223  PG # 13426  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 45  September  7, 1850. Pages  225-240  PG # 13427  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 46  September 14, 1850. Pages  241-256  PG # 13462  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 47  September 21, 1850. Pages  257-272  PG # 13936  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 48  September 28, 1850. Pages  273-288  PG # 13463  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 49  October  5, 1850.  Pages   289-304  PG # 13480  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 50  October 12, 1850.  Pages   305-320  PG # 13551  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 51  October 19, 1850.  Pages   321-351  PG # 15232  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 52  October 26, 1850.  Pages   353-367  PG # 22624  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 53  November  2, 1850. Pages   369-383  PG # 13540  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 54  November  9, 1850.  Pages  385-399  PG # 22138  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 55  November 16, 1850.  Pages  401-415  PG # 15216  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 56  November 23, 1850. Pages   417-431  PG # 15354  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 57  November 30, 1850. Pages   433-454  PG # 15405  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 58  December  7, 1850.  Pages  457-470  PG # 21503  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 59  December 14, 1850.  Pages  473-486  PG # 15427  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 60  December 21, 1850. Pages   489-502  PG # 24803  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. II No. 61  December 28, 1850.  Pages  505-524  PG # 16404  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent">      Notes and Queries Vol. III.      </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">     Vol., No.,        Date, Year,         Pages,    PG #   </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 62  January  4, 1851.  Pages    1- 15  PG # 15638  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 63  January 11, 1851.  Pages   17- 31  PG # 15639  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 64  January 18, 1851.  Pages   33- 47  PG # 15640  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 65  January 25, 1851. Pages    49- 78  PG # 15641  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 66  February  1, 1851. Pages   81- 95  PG # 22339  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 67  February  8, 1851. Pages   97-111  PG # 22625  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 68  February 15, 1851. Pages  113-127  PG # 22639  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 69  February 22, 1851. Pages  129-159  PG # 23027  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 70  March  1, 1851. Pages     161-174  PG # 23204  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 71  March  8, 1851. Pages     177-200  PG # 23205  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 72  March 15, 1851. Pages     201-215  PG # 23212  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 73  March 22, 1851.  Pages    217-231  PG # 23225  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 74  March 29, 1851.  Pages    233-255  PG # 23282  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 75  April  5, 1851. Pages      257-271  PG # 23402  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 76  April 12, 1851. Pages     273-294  PG # 26896  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 77  April 19, 1851. Pages     297-311  PG # 26897  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 78  April 26, 1851. Pages     313-342  PG # 26898  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 79  May  3, 1851. Pages       345-359  PG # 26899  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 80  May 10, 1851. Pages       361-382  PG # 32495  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 81  May 17, 1851.  Pages      385-399  PG # 29318  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 82  May 24, 1851.  Pages      401-415  PG # 28311  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 83  May 31, 1851.  Pages      417-440  PG # 36835  </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 84  June  7, 1851.  Pages     441-472  PG # 37379  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 85  June 14, 1851.  Pages     473-488  PG # 37403  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 86  June 21, 1851. Pages      489-511  PG # 37496  </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. III No. 87  June 28, 1851. Pages      513-528  PG # 37516  </p>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Notes and Queries Vol. IV.                                  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol., No.,        Date, Year,          Pages,    PG #  </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 88   July  5, 1851.  Pages        1- 15  PG # 37548 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 89   July 12, 1851.  Pages       17- 31  PG # 37568 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 90   July 19, 1851.  Pages       33- 47  PG # 37593 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 91   July 26, 1851.  Pages       49- 79  PG # 37778 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 92   August  2, 1851. Pages      81- 94  PG # 38324 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 93   August  9, 1851. Pages      97-112  PG # 38337 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 94   August 16, 1851. Pages     113-127  PG # 38350 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 95   August 23, 1851.  Pages    129-144  PG # 38386 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 96   August 30, 1851.  Pages    145-167  PG # 38405 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No.  97  September  6, 1851.  Pages    169-183  PG # 38433 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No.  98  September 13, 1851.  Pages    185-200  PG # 38491 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No.  99  September 20, 1851.  Pages    201-216  PG # 38574 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 100  September 27, 1851.  Pages    217-246  PG # 38656 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 101  October  4, 1851.  Pages    249-264  PG # 38701 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 102  October 11, 1851.  Pages    265-287  PG # 38773 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 103  October 18, 1851.  Pages    289-303  PG # 38864 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 104  October 25, 1851.  Pages    305-333  PG # 38926 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 105  November  1, 1851.  Pages   337-359   PG # 39076 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 106  November  8, 1851.  Pages  361-374    PG # 39091  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 107  November 15, 1851.  Pages  377-396    PG # 39135  </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       Vol. IV No. 108  November 22, 1851.  Pages  401-414    PG # 39197  </p>
+
+
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent">       Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850]              PG # 13536 </p>
+<p class="noindent">       INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850      PG # 13571 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent">       INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851      PG # 26770 </p>
+  </div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number
+109, November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
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+</pre>
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+</body>
+ </html>
+
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109,
+November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 109, November 29, 1851
+       A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+       Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: March 23, 2012 [EBook #39233]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+[Transcriber's note: Characters with macrons have been marked in
+brackets with an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on
+top. Underscores have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts; equal signs
+indicate =bold= fonts. Original spelling variations have not been
+standardized. A list of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries" has
+been added at the end.]
+
+
+
+
+NOTES and QUERIES:
+
+A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION
+
+FOR
+
+LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.
+
+"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE.
+
+VOL. IV.--No. 109. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 29. 1851.
+
+Price Threepence. Stamped Edition 4_d._
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS.
+
+                                                                Page
+
+
+      NOTES:--
+
+      Thomas More and John Fisher                                417
+
+      Notes on Newspapers, by H. M. Bealby                       418
+
+      Treatise of Equivocation                                   419
+
+      Notes on Virgil, by Dr. Henry                              420
+
+      Minor Notes:--Verses presented, to General
+      Monck--Justice to Pope Pius V.                             421
+
+      QUERIES:--
+
+      Crosses and Crucifixes                                     422
+
+      Master of the Buckhounds, by John Branfill Harrison        422
+
+      Minor Queries:--"No Cross no Crown"--Dido and
+      AEneas--Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the
+      Athenians--French Refugees--Isabel, Queen of the Isle
+      of Man--Grand-daughter of John Hampden--Cicada or
+      Tettigonia Septemdecim--The British Sidanen--Jenings or
+      Jennings--Caleva Atrebatum, Site of--Abigail--Etymology
+      of Durden--Connecticut Halfpenny                           423
+
+      MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Arms displayed on Spread
+      Eagle--St. Beuno--Lists of Knights Bachelor--Walker--See
+      of Durham                                                  424
+
+      REPLIES:--
+
+      Convocation of York                                        425
+
+      The Old Countess of Desmond                                426
+
+      Coins of Vabalathus                                        427
+
+      Marriage of Ecclesiastics                                  427
+
+      Replies to Minor Queries:--"Crowns have their
+      Compass"--The Rev. Richard Farmer--Earwig                  428
+
+      MISCELLANEOUS:--
+
+      Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &c.                     429
+
+      Books and Odd Volumes wanted                               429
+
+      Notices to Correspondents                                  430
+
+      Advertisements                                             430
+
+
+
+
+Notes.
+
+
+THOMAS MORE AND JOHN FISHER.
+
+Although I am afraid "NOTES AND QUERIES" may not be considered as open
+to contributions purely bibliographical, and admitting I am uncertain
+whether the following copy of the treatise of John Fisher, Bishop of
+Rochester, has been before noted, I am induced to send this extract from
+Techener's _Bulletin du Bibliophile_ for May 1851. The book is in the
+library at Douai.
+
+  "This Treatise concernynge the fruytful Saynges of David the King
+  and prophete in the seven penytencyall psalmes, devyded in _ten_
+  sermons, was made and compyled by the ryght reverente fader in god
+  Johan Fyssher, doctour of dyvinyte and bysshop of Rochester, at
+  the exortacion and sterynge of the most excellent pryncesse
+  Margarete, Countesse of Richemount and Derby, and moder to out
+  souverayne Lorde Kynge H[=e]ry the VII."
+
+It is described as a small 4to., printed upon vellum, in Gothic letters,
+at London, 1508, by Wynkyn de Worde, and contains 146 leaves. On the
+first leaf it has a portcullis, crowned with the motto "Dieu et mon
+Droit." On the recto of the last leaf there is--
+
+  "Here endeth the exposycyon of the 7 psalmes. Enprynted at London
+  in the fletestrete, at the sygne of ye Sonne, by Wynkyn de Worde.
+  In the yere of oure lorde M.CCCCC.VIII. ye 16 day of ye moneth of
+  Juyn. The XXIII. yere of ye reygne of our souverayne Lorde Kynge
+  H[=e]ry the Seventh."
+
+At the back, there is the sun, the monogram of Wynkyn de Worde--the
+letters W. C. displayed as usual--and beneath, "Wynkyn de Worde."
+
+At the beginning of the book, "sur une garde en velin" (a fly-leaf of
+vellum?), there is written in a very neat hand the following ten verses,
+the profession of faith of Thomas Morus and of his friend John Fisher,
+Bishop of Rochester:
+
+      "The surest meanes for to attaine
+      The perfect waye to endlesse blisse
+      Are happie lief and to remaine
+      W'thin ye church where virtue is;
+      And if thy conscience be sae sounde
+      To thinse thy faith is truth indeede
+      Beware in thee noe schisme be founde
+      That unitie may have her meede;
+      If unitie thow doe embrace
+      In heaven (_en_?)joy possesse thy place."
+
+Beneath--
+
+      "Qui non recte vivit in unitate ecclesiae
+      Catholicae, salvus esse non potest."
+
+And lower on the same page--
+
+      "Thomas Morus d[=n]s cancellarius Angliae
+      Joh. Fisher Epus Roffensis."
+
+It is traditionally reported, upon the testimony of some Anglican
+Benedictines (an order now extinct), that the lines which contain the
+profession of faith, and those which follow, are in the handwriting of
+Bishop Fisher, and that the work was presented by him to the
+chancellor, during their imprisonment, when by order of Henry VIII. the
+chancellor was denied the consolation of his books.
+
+In the same library there is a fine Psalter, which belonged to Queen
+Elizabeth. The _Livre d'Heures_ of Mary Queen of Scots was here also to
+be found: "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland." It is
+conjectured these books were brought to Douai by the fugitive English
+Roman Catholic priests. In 1790 their collections were confiscated and
+given to the public library of Douai. It would be of interest to
+ascertain, if possible, the authenticity of the _Heures a l'Usage_,
+stated to have belonged to Mary Queen of Scots. Upon this point one may
+be permitted to be sceptical. I have myself seen two. One of these, it
+was said, had been used by Mary on the scaffold, and contained a note in
+the handwriting, as I think, of James II. attesting the fact. It was
+understood to have been obtained from a monastery in France. The other,
+a small Prayer Book MS. in vellum, of good execution, had the signature
+"M." with a line I think over it of "O Lord, deliver me from my
+enemies!" in French. I am, however, now writing from memory, and, in the
+first case, of very many years.
+
+Whether the line, "Maria, glorious martyr and Queen of Scotland," be
+written in the Psalter, or has been added by the mental excitement of M.
+Duthilloeul, the librarian at Douai, I cannot decide. The grand
+culmination of "and Queen of Scotland" forms doubtless a very striking
+anti-thesis: but neither the possessor of the book nor a priest would
+have so sunk the martyr, although a woman and a queen were alike
+concerned, as this line does. Lowndes states there is a copy of the
+bishop's treatise on vellum at Cambridge. A copy is in the British
+Museum; but the title, according, to Lowndes, has _seven_ sermons. It
+will be observed the title now given has _ten_.
+
+    S. H.
+
+
+NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS.
+
+The social elements of society in the seventeenth century were more
+simple in their character and development than at the present period.
+The population was comparatively small, and therefore the strivings for
+success in any pursuit did not involve that severe conflict which is so
+frequently the case in the present day. Society then was more of a
+community than it is now. It had not public bodies to aid it. It was
+left more to its own inherent resources for reciprocal good, and for
+mutual help. The temptations to evade and dissemble, in matters of
+business, or private and public negotiations, were not so strong as they
+now are. Its transactions were more transparent and defined, because
+they were fewer and less complicated than many of our own. We readily
+grant that society now, in its social, religious, and commercial
+aspects, enjoys advantages immeasurably superior to those of any former
+period; still there are some few advantages which it had then, that it
+cannot possess now. The following advertisements, from the newspapers of
+the time, will illustrate the truth of the foregoing remarks:
+
+From a _Collection for Improvement of Husbandry and Trade_.
+
+  Friday, January 26, 1693/4.
+
+  "One that is fit to keep a Warehouse, be a Steward, or do any
+  Business that can be supposed an intelligent Man that has been a
+  Shopkeeper is fit for, and can give any Security that can be
+  desired, as far as Ten Thousand Pound goes, and has some Estate of
+  his own, desires an Employment of One hundred Pounds a year, or
+  upwards. I can give an account of him."
+
+That a man having 10,000_l._ to give as security, and in possession of
+an estate, should require a situation of 100_l._ per annum, sounds oddly
+enough in our ears. "I can give an account of him," denotes that the
+editor was a man well known and duly appreciated. He appears to have
+been a scribe useful in many ways. He was known, and knowing.
+
+  Friday, February 2, 1693/4.
+
+  "A very eminent Brewer, and one I know to be a very honest
+  Gentleman, wants an Apprentice. I can give an account of him."
+
+In what sense the word "honest" must here be taken it is difficult to
+define. As an eminent brewer, we should naturally conclude he must have
+been an honest man. He is here very eminent and very honest.
+
+  Friday March 16, 1693/4.
+
+  "Many Masters want Apprentices, and many Youths want Masters. If
+  they apply themselves to me, I'll strive to help them. Also for
+  variety of valuable services."
+
+Here is the editor of a paper offering his help to masters and
+apprentices for their mutual good. Let us suppose an advertisement of
+this kind appearing in _The Times_ of our own day. Printing-house Square
+would not contain a tithe of the individuals who would present
+themselves for the reception of this accommodating aid. In such a case
+the editors (as it regards their particular duties) would be cyphers,
+for a continuous absorption of their time would necessarily occur in the
+carrying out of this benevolent offer. This advertisement may be
+considered as _multum in parvo_, giving the wants of the many in an
+announcement of three or four lines, connecting them with a variety of
+services which in those days were thought to be valuable. How greatly
+are we assisted by these little incidents in forming correct views of
+the state of society at that period.
+
+The next advertisement shows the value set upon the services of one who
+was to perform the duties of a clerk, and to play well on the violin.
+
+  "If any young Man that plays well on a Violin, and writes a good
+  Hand, desires a Clerkship, I can help him to Twenty Pounds a
+  year."
+
+Of course twenty pounds was of more value then than it is now: still it
+seems a small sum for the performance of such duties, for twelve months.
+Here is musical talent required for the amusement of others, in
+combination with the daily duties of a particular profession. An
+efficient musician, and a good writer, and all for 20_l._ per annum! We
+learn by the editor's "I can help him," his readiness to assist all who
+would advertise in his journal, to obtain those employments which their
+advertisements specified.
+
+  Friday, April 6, 1694.
+
+  "A Grocer of good business desires an Apprentice of good growth."
+
+The "good growth" must have been intended to convey the idea of height
+and strength.
+
+My next article shall be devoted to advertisements of another class,
+further illustrating the state of society and the peculiarities of the
+people at the end of the seventeenth century.
+
+    H. M. BEALBY.
+
+  North Brixton.
+
+
+TREATISE OF EQUIVOCATION.
+
+As having originated the inquiry in "NOTES AND QUERIES"[1] respecting
+this Treatise, under the signature of J. M., I feel great obligation
+both to the editor of that journal, and the editor of the Treatise
+itself, for having brought it to light by publication, and added it to
+the stock of accurate and very important historical information. Indeed,
+a real vacancy was left for it; and it is a subject of high
+self-gratulation, that a boon previously, and for a length of time,
+hidden and unproductive, is now accessible and operative without limit.
+I have no doubt that all your readers, and the whole reading public,
+join with me in rejoicing that the editorship of the work has fallen
+into hands so competent and so successful.
+
+  [Footnote 1: Vol. i., pp. 263. 357.; Vol. ii., pp. 136. 168. 446.
+  490.]
+
+I was, not for ten, but twenty years or more, in quest of the MS. now so
+happily made public property, and should have fallen upon it much
+earlier, but for the misleading title under which it appears, where it
+_is_ really; for it has been found. In the _Catalogus Lib. MSS._: Ox.
+1697, among the Laudian MSS. appears, p. 62., "968.95. _A Treatise_
+against _Equivocation, or fraudulent Dissimulation_." _Against!_ when no
+such word is in the original, and the real matter and meaning is _for_!
+I had, at some early time, marked the very entry; but presuming that the
+work had been actually _printed_ (which I believe it was in a very few
+copies, which have disappeared), naturally enough I did not pursue the
+search in that direction. Others, I am happy, have, and I am gratified.
+
+The work is very important; for there is not a work more evidently
+genuine and authentic than this is proved to be by plain historic
+evidence, both as to the document itself and the facts which it attests.
+The witness, or witnesses, appearing in it, give their testimony
+respecting themselves with the most unsuspectable simplicity. They meant
+not, and have not, misrepresented themselves: they have proclaimed their
+own doctrine for themselves respecting Equivocation and Mental
+Reservation--the last of which is really of most importance; and it was
+most needful to the Roman body at the time, and under their
+circumstances. Their object, for mere safety, was concealment as to
+their resorts or residences. They could not exist, as they did, without
+the assistance and knowledge of many individuals, some of inferior
+class. Against the incessant inquiries to which they were exposed they
+had no defence, except the power of disappointing or misleading by
+ambiguity or deception, which was completely secured by reserved
+termination in the mind to any uttered declaration. Now, there is in
+this very Treatise _plain admission_ that all the co-religionists of the
+endangered party, particularly a lady who is distinctly noticed, were
+not convinced of the moral rectitude of such a procedure; and it was
+necessary, or expedient, that their hesitation should be removed. And
+this seems to be the main object of the present work. How far it has
+succeeded must depend upon the evidence which is adduced.
+
+We have generally had the doctrine of the Roman body on the subject of
+the Treatise presented by opponents; here we have it as deliberately
+stated by themselves. There is a passage rather observable in p. 103.,
+beginning at the bottom and extending to the words "he hath no such
+meaning to tell them," of which we are not acquainted with a duplicate.
+But the whole has something of the freshness and interest of novelty.
+
+_Macbeth_, it is agreed, I believe, was written in 1607, consequently
+after the Powder Plot, when the doctrine before us was brought forward
+pointedly against the traitors. Might there not be some reference to the
+fact in the Second Act, where the porter of the castle, roused by
+repeated knockings, on the murder, after other exclamations in the
+manner of the poet, proceeds:
+
+  "Here's an Equivocator, that could swear in both the scales,
+  against either scale: who committed treason enough for God's sake,
+  yet could not equivocate to heaven. Oh, come in, Equivocator"?
+
+Mr. Jardine will thank your correspondent for pointing out an error or
+two which should be corrected in another edition. At p. 44., for
+"[Greek: chtho]," in the margin, should be printed "_sub verbo_." The
+word in the MS. is a contraction to that effect: the capital "V" has a
+curved stroke across the first line of the "V," followed by "_bo_."
+Generally the _Dubium_, in alphabetic works of the kind referred to,
+ranks under some alphabetic word, one or more, as it may happen; but in
+Em. Sa's work the word _Dubium_ comes under the letter D., and this is
+meant to be expressed. At p. 49. the footnote should be omitted, as the
+Vulgate, which is followed, calls the 1st of _Samuel_ the 1st of
+_Kings_. The first line of p. 56. should have "_autem_" instead of
+"_antea_." I have inspected the MS. carefully, and therefore speak with
+confidence.
+
+    EUPATOR.
+
+
+NOTES ON VIRGIL.
+
+(_Continued from_ p. 308.)
+
+      IV. "Illum expirantem transfixo pectore flammas
+          Turbine corripuit scopuloque infixit acuto."
+
+          Virg. _AEn._ I. 48.
+
+  "TURBINE; volubilitate ventorum. SCOPULO; saxo
+  eminenti."--_Servius._
+
+  "Hub sie im Wirbel empor, und spiesst' an ein scharfes Gestein
+  ihn."--_Voss._
+
+  "Ipsum vero Pallas fulmine percussum procellae vi scopulo etiam
+  allisit."--_Heyne._
+
+  "Impegit rupi acutae."--_Ruaeus._
+
+  "Infixit. _Inflixit_, lectionem quorundam MSS. facile praetulissem,
+  et quod statim praecesserit _transfixo_, unde evadit inconcinna
+  cognatae dictionis repetitio, et quod etiam AEn. x. 303.:
+
+      "'Namque inflicta vadis, dorso dum pendet iniquo,'
+
+  "si Sidon. Apoll. v. 197. haud tueretur vulgatam scripturam:
+
+                           "'Fixusque Capharei
+      Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus.'"--_Wakefield._
+
+To which criticism of Wakefields's, Forbiger adds: "Praeterea etiam acuto
+scopulo _infigendi_ voc. accommodatius videtur quam _infligendi_." And
+Wagner: "acuto scopulo _infigi_ melius."
+
+This interpretation and these criticisms are founded altogether on a
+false conception of the meaning of the word _infigere_, which is never
+to fix _on_, but always either to fix _in_, or to fix _with_, i.e.
+pierce _with_. _Scopulo infixit acuto_, _fixed or pinned_ down or to the
+ground _with_ a sharp rock; _i.e._ hurled a sharp-pointed rock on him,
+so as to nail him to the ground. So (_AEn._ XII. 721.) "Cornua obnixi
+infigunt," fix their horns, not _on_, but _in_; infix their horns; stick
+their horns into each other; stick each other with their horns: _q.d._
+Cornibus se mutuo infigunt: and, exactly parallel to our text:
+
+      "Saturnius me sic _infixit_ Jupiter,
+      Jovisque numen Mulcibri adscivit manus.
+      Hos ille _cuneos_ fabrica crudeli _inserens_,
+      Perrupit artus; qua miser sollertia
+      Transverberatus, castrum hoc Furiarum incolo."
+
+      Cicero (translating from AEschylus), _Tuscul. Quaest._ II. 10.
+
+In confirmation of this view of the passage, I may observe: 1st, that it
+is easier to imagine a man staked to the ground by a sharp-pointed rock,
+than flung on a sharp-pointed rock, so as to remain permanently impaled
+on it; and 2dly, that the account given of the transaction, both by
+Quintus Calaber and Seneca, agree as perfectly with this view as they
+disagree with the opposite:
+
+      [Greek: Kai ny ken exelyxe kakon moron, ei me ar' auto,
+      rhexas aian enerthen, epiproeeke kolonen;
+      eute paros megaloio kat' Enkeladoio daiphron
+      Pallas aeiramene Sikelen epikabbale neson;
+      e rh' eti kaietai aien hyp' akamatoio Gigantos,
+      aithaloen pneiontos eso chthonos; hos ara Lokron
+      amphekalypsen anakta dysammoron oureos akre,
+      hypsothen exeripousa, baryne de karteron andra;
+      amphi de min thanatoio melas ekichesat' olethros,
+      gaie homos dmethenta, kai akamato eni ponto.]
+
+      Quintus Calab. XIV. 579.
+
+And so Seneca; who, having presented us with Ajax clinging to the rock
+to which he had swum for safety, after his ship had been sunk, and
+himself struck with lightning, and there uttering violent imprecations
+against the Deity, adds:
+
+                "Plura cum auderet furens,
+      Tridente rupem subruit pulsam pater
+      Neptunus, imis exerens undis caput,
+      Solvitque montem; quem cadens secum tulit:
+      Terraque et igne victus et pelago jacet."
+
+      _Agam._ 552.
+
+And, so also, beyond doubt, we are to understand Sidonius
+Apollinaris's--
+
+                                "Fixusque Capharei
+      Cautibus, inter aquas flammam ructabat Oileus."
+
+Not, with Wakefield and the other commentators, _fixed on_ the rocks of
+Caphareus, but, _pierced with_ the rocks of Caphareus, and lying under
+them. Compare (_AEn._ IX. 701.) "fixo pulmone," the pierced lung; "fixo
+cerebro" (_AEn._ XII. 537.); "verubus trementia figunt" (_AEn._ I. 216.),
+not, fix _on_ the spits, but, stick or pierce _with_ the spits; and
+especially (Ovid. _Ibis._ 341.),
+
+      "Viscera sic aliquis scopulus tua figat, ut olim
+        Fixa sub Euboico Graia fuere sinu,"
+
+pierced and pinned down with a rock, at the bottom of the Euboean gulf.
+
+TURBINE. SCOPULO.--Not two instruments, _a whirlwind and a rock_, but
+one single instrument, _a whirling rock_; scopulo turbineo; in modo
+turbinis se circumagente; as if Virgil had said, Solo affixit illum
+correptum et transverberatum scopulo acuto in eum maxima vi rotato: or,
+more briefly, Turbine scopuli acuti corripuit et infixit. Compare:
+
+      "Praecipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi
+      Excutit effunditque solo."--_AEn._ XII. 531.
+
+                            "Stupet obvia leto
+      Turba super stantem, atque emissi turbine montis
+      Obruitur."--Stat. _Theb._ II. 564.
+
+      "Idem altas turres saxis et turbine crebro
+      Laxat."--Stat. _Theb._ X. 742.
+
+So understood, 1st, the passage is according to Virgil's usual manner,
+the latter part of the line explaining and defining the general
+statement contained in the former; and, 2ndly, Pallas kills her enemy,
+not by the somewhat roundabout and unusual method of first striking him
+with thunder, and then snatching him up in a whirlwind, and then either
+dashing him against a sharp rock, and leaving him impaled there, or, as
+I have shown is undoubtedly the meaning, impaling him with a sharp rock,
+but by the more compendious and less out-of-the-way method of first
+striking him with thunder, and then whirling a sharp-pointed rock on top
+of him, so as to impale him.
+
+From Milton's imitation of this passage, in his _Paradise Lost_ (ii.
+180.), it appears that even he fell into the general and double error:
+
+      "Caught in a fiery tempest shall be hurled,
+      Each on his rock transfixed."
+
+Caro's translation shows that he had no definite idea whatever of the
+meaning:
+
+                          "A tale un turbo
+      In preda il die; che per acuti scogli
+      Miserabil ne fe' rapina, e scempio."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+      V. "Ast ego, quae Divum incedo regina, Jovisque
+         Et soror et conjux, una cum gente tot annos
+         Bella gero."--_AEn._ I. 50.
+
+  "'INCEDERE' wird besonders von der feierlichen, wuerdevollen
+  Haltung im Gange gebraucht: vers 500, von der Dido, 'Regina
+  incessit.' (Ruhnk. zu _Terent. And._ I. i. 100. _Eun._ v. 3. 9.)
+  Deshalb der majestaetischen Juno eigenthuemlich, [Greek: Heraion
+  badizein]. Also nicht fuer _sum_, sondern ganz
+  eigentlich."--_Thiel._
+
+      "But I who walk in awful state above."
+
+      _Dryden._
+
+  "_Incedere_ est _ingredi_, sed proprie cum quadam pompa et
+  fastu."--_Gesner._
+
+  "Incessus dearum, imprimis Junonis, gravitate sua
+  notus."--_Heyne._
+
+And so also Holdsworth and Ruaeus.
+
+I think, on the contrary, that _incedo_, both here and elsewhere,
+expresses only the stepping or walking motion generally, and that the
+character of the step or walk, if inferable at all, is to be inferred
+only from the context. Accordingly, "Magnifice incedit" (Liv. II. 6.);
+"Turpe incedere" (Catull. XXXXII. 8.); "Molliter incedit" (Ovid, _Amor._
+II. 23.); "Passu incedit inerti" (Ovid, _Metam._ II. 772.); "Melius est
+incessu regem quam imperium regno claudicare" (Justin. VI. ii. 6.);
+"Incessus omnibus animalibus certus et uniusmodi, et in suo, cuique,
+genere" (Plin. X. 38.).
+
+The emphasis, therefore, is on _regina_, and the meaning is, _I who
+step, or walk, QUEEN of the Gods_; the dignity of the step being not
+expressed by "incedo," but inferable from "regina." The expression
+corresponds exactly to "ibit regina" (_AEn._ II. 578.); with this
+difference only, that "ibit" does not, like "incedo," specify motion on
+foot.
+
+"Jovisque et soror et conjux."--Both the _ets_ are emphatic. "Jovisque
+_et_ soror _et_ conjux."
+
+"Bella" expresses the organised resistance which she meets, and the
+uncertainty of the issue; and being placed first word in the line is
+emphatic.
+
+    JAMES HENRY.
+
+
+Minor Notes.
+
+_Verses presented to General Monck._--The subjoined notice of a curious
+entry in the records of the Belfast corporation may be acceptable. The
+author is unknown. They are inscribed, "Verses to General Monck," and,
+as the last six lines show, are an attack on the Rump Parliament:--
+
+      Advants George Monck, and Monck St. George shall be,
+      England's restorer to its liberty,
+      Scotland's protector, Ireland's president,
+      Reducing all to affree parliament.
+      And if thou dost intend the other thing,
+      Go on, and all shall cry God save ye king.
+
+        R. R doth rebellion represent,
+        V. By V nought else but villainy is meant,
+        M. M murther signifies all men doe knowe,
+        P. P perjuries in fashion grow.
+
+            Then R and V with M and P
+            Conjoined make up our misery.
+
+The occasion of their presentation is unknown. General Monck took
+Belfast in 1646 from the Scotch, who being true Presbyterians of the
+older school, had turned against the parliament. This was the probable
+occasion of their being presented to the future restorer of King Charles
+II.
+
+    E. L. B.
+
+_Justice to Pope Pius V._--You have done yourself credit by exonerating
+Queen Elizabeth from a charge the easiest to bring, and the most
+difficult to rebut, implying the proof of a negative; and therefore
+frequently brought by the unprincipled. I propose, as a counterpart, to
+exonerate Pope Pius V. from an imputation, mistakingly, though unjustly,
+cast upon him by an authority of no less weight than that of Sir Walter
+Scott. In his edition of _Somers's Tracts_, vol. i. p. 192., occurs a
+note on a place in the _execution of justice_: "Pius V. resolved to make
+his bastard son, Boncompagni, Marquis of Vincola, King of Ireland," &c.
+For this assertion no authority is cited, nor indeed could be. The very
+name might have suggested the filiation to his successor, Gregory XIII.,
+which was the fact. In a work, not much known, _The Burnt Child dreads
+the Fire, &c._, by William Denton, M.D., London, 1675, at p. 25. we
+read, "Gregory XIII. had a bastard, _James Buon Compagna_, and to him he
+gave _Ireland_, and impowered _Stewkely_ with men, arms, and money, to
+conquer it for him."[2] There is no reason to doubt, that with the
+editor of the _Tracts_ the above imputation was a simple mistake; but it
+is an important duty of all who interfere with historical literature, to
+state and correct every discovered instance of the kind.
+
+  [Footnote 2: Camden, in his _Elizabeth_, under 1578, states the
+  fact without mention of the name, only calling him "the pope's
+  bastard;" but the date is the sixth year of the pontificate of
+  Gregory XIII.]
+
+    EUPATOR.
+
+
+
+
+Queries.
+
+
+CROSSES AND CRUCIFIXES.
+
+In the 22nd volume of the _Archaeologia_, p. 58., is the following
+passage:
+
+  "The cross, which does not appear to have been peculiar to
+  Christianity, when introduced on these obelisks, is usually filled
+  with tracery."
+
+The obelisks, or stones of memorial, referred to are the subjects of a
+very interesting paper communicated by Mr. Logan to the Society of
+Antiquaries. (See Plates 2, 3, 4, and 5.) I am desirous of being
+informed what authenticated instances there are of crosses, or stones
+marked with crosses, being used for landmarks, memorials, or for any
+other purpose, civil or religious, before the introduction of
+Christianity? I have met with one instance. Prescott, in his _History of
+Mexico_, relates that--
+
+  "In the court of one of the temples in the island of Columel he
+  was amazed by the sight of a cross of stone and lime, about ten
+  palms high."
+
+It was the emblem of the god of rain (See vol. i. p. 240., &c.)
+
+In the same paper Mr. Logan observes--
+
+  "Crosses, or stones on which the figure was traced, marked a place
+  of meeting for certain districts; and within memory of man a fair
+  was held on this spot. It is not improbable that market-crosses
+  may be deduced from this custom."
+
+It seems that every town that had the privilege of a market or fair (I
+am speaking of England) had a market-cross. In most of these towns the
+cross has disappeared, and in its place a ball or globe has been mounted
+on the shaft; but the term "market-cross" is still in use. In the town
+of Giggleswick, in the parish of Giggleswick, there is a perfect
+market-cross, the cross being what is, I believe, called a cross-fleury.
+In the town of Settle, in the same parish of Giggleswick, the ball or
+globe is placed on the top of the shaft. Are there other instances of
+market towns in which the cross is still found?
+
+I passed through a market town lately in which the stone steps, and
+socket in which the shaft was placed, are preserved; but they have been
+removed to one corner of the market-place. The shaft and cross have
+disappeared.
+
+Is not this erection of the cross, in places in which markets and fairs
+were held, of ecclesiastical origin? Was the cross erected by licence
+granted by the bishop within whose jurisdiction it was placed? Is there
+any grant of such licence in existence? Or did these crosses originate
+in the gratuitous piety of our ancestors? I fear to ask the question,
+whether the buyers and sellers under the cross are more upright in their
+dealings than those who buy and sell without the presence of this emblem
+of all that is true and just. Is the cross erected in the cities and
+towns of other states, as in England? Was the custom general in Europe?
+
+    F. W. J.
+
+Mr. Curzon states, in the introduction to his _Monasteries of the
+Levant_, that--
+
+  "The crucifix was not known before the fifth or sixth century,
+  though the cross was always the emblem of the Christian faith."
+
+I am persuaded that this assertion is incorrect, and that the crucifix
+was used in much earlier times. Will some one kindly inform me where the
+first mention of it is to be found, and what is the date of the earliest
+examples now known?
+
+    DRYASDUST.
+
+
+MASTER OF THE BUCKHOUNDS.
+
+In reading the _Topographer_ for January 1791 (a work which was
+published under the editorship of my uncle, Sir Egerton Brydges), I was
+surprised to find, in an account of the family of Brocas, of
+Beaurepaire, in the county of Hampshire, that the post of Master of the
+Buckhounds had been sold in the reign of James I.
+
+Mr. Gough (_Sepulchral Monuments_, pp. 160, 161.) appears to be the
+authority quoted who describes the monument of Sir Bernard Brocas, Kt.,
+as existing at Westminster, and having on it an inscription in which is
+the following sentence:
+
+  "Sir Bernard succeeded to the paternal inheritance both in England
+  and France, and having married Mary, daughter and heiress of Sir
+  John de Roche, had a large estate with her, and the hereditary
+  post of Master of the Buckhounds; which was confirmed to him by
+  King Edward the Third, and held by the family, till sold in James
+  the First's reign."
+
+I have no means of ascertaining at the present time whether this
+monument is still in existence or not; nor indeed has that much to do
+with the object of my writing, which is to suggest the following
+Queries, in the hope that some of your correspondents may be able to
+send satisfactory answers.
+
+1. By whom was the post of Master of the Buckhounds first instituted,
+and who was the first Master?
+
+2. Is there any list of persons holding this office; and if so, where
+may it be seen?
+
+3. Is there any instance of an unmarried lady having held it: for in the
+case before us we see that a lady was able to convey it by inheritance
+to her husband?
+
+4. By whom was it sold? Was it by the last hereditary possessor; and if
+so, what was his name? Or was it by the king, on the death of one of the
+possessors, for the purpose of enriching himself?
+
+5. Is it known whether there is any other instance of its having been
+sold: and when did it come to be, as now, a ministerial office?
+
+    JOHN BRANFILL HARRISON.
+
+  Maidstone.
+
+
+Minor Queries.
+
+300. "_No Cross no Crown._"--Where did Penn get the title of his
+well-known work? St. Paulinus, Bishop of Nola, in allusion to the custom
+of crowning crosses, has these lines:--
+
+      "Cerne coronatam Domini super _atria Christi_,
+      Stare crucem, duro spondentem celsa labori
+      Praemia: _tolle crucem, qui vis auferre coronam_."
+
+      "See how the cross of Christ a crown entwines:
+      High o'er God's temple it refulgent shines;
+      Pledging bright guerdon for each passing pain:
+      Take up the cross, if thou the crown would'st gain."
+
+Vide Dr. Rock's _Hierurgia_. Quarles says, in his _Esther_:
+
+      "The way to bliss lies not on beds of down,
+      And he that had no cross deserves no crown."
+
+    MARICONDA.
+
+301. _Dido and AEneas._--
+
+      "When Dido found AEneas did not come,
+      She wept in silence, and was--di-do-dum."
+
+Who was the author of the above well-known bit of philology?
+
+    A. A. D.
+
+302. _Pegs and Thongs for Rowing: Torture among the Athenians._--Dr.
+Schmitz (in Smith's _Antiq._, article SHIPS) speaks of "the pegs,
+[Greek: skalmoi], _between which the oars move[d]_, and to which they
+were fastened by a thong, [Greek: tropoter]." What is the authority for
+two pegs, _between which_, &c? A single peg and thong, as still in
+frequent use, would be intelligible!
+
+Dr. Smith observes (ap. id. p. 1139.) that the decree of Scamandrius,
+which ordained that no free Athenian should be tortured, "does not
+appear to have interdicted torture as a means of execution, _since_ we
+find Demosthenes (_de Cor._ 271.) reminding the judges that they had put
+Antiphon to death by the rack." Does it not escape him that Antiphon was
+_then an alien_, having suffered expulsion from the Lexiarchic list.
+(See Dem. _l.c._)
+
+    A. A. D.
+
+303. _French Refugees._--Where is the treaty or act of parliament to be
+found which guaranteed compensation to the French refugees at the end of
+the war? Is it possible to obtain a list of those who received
+compensation, and the amount paid; and if so, where?
+
+    S. QUARTO.
+
+304. _Isabel, Queen of the Isle of Man._--In Charles Knight's _London_
+mention is made, amongst the noble persons buried in the church of the
+Grey Friars, of Isabel, wife of Baron Fitzwarren, sometime queen of the
+Isle of Man. Will you or some of your correspondents be so kind as to
+tell me who this lady was, and when the Isle of Man ceased to be an
+independent kingdom?
+
+    FANNY.
+
+305. _Grand-daughter of John Hampden._--According to the _Friend of
+India_ of 4th September, 1851, there is at Cossimbazar the following
+inscription:--
+
+            "SARAH MATTOCKS,
+                Aged 27.
+        Much lamented by her husband,
+      Lieutenant-Colonel JOHN MATTOCKS.
+        Was the grand-daughter of the
+          Great JOHN HAMDEN, Esq.,
+          Of St. James's, Westminster."
+
+In the following number (dated 11th September, 1851), the editor offers
+an apology for having omitted the date of the decease of Mrs. Mattocks,
+viz. 1778; and then remarks that--
+
+  "As she was twenty-seven years old at her death, she must have
+  been born in 1751; it was therefore impossible that she should
+  have been the grand-daughter of the great John Hampden, that died
+  in 1643, one hundred and eight years before her birth."
+
+Query, Can any of your correspondents give me any information respecting
+the subject?
+
+    SALOPIAN.
+
+306. _Cicada or Tettigonia Septemdecim._--In Latrobe's _Rambler in North
+America_, London, 1835, vol. ii. p. 290., is a curious account of this
+insect, which visits Pennsylvania every seventeenth year, and appears
+about May 24. It is under an inch in length when it first appears early
+in the morning, and gains its strength after the sun has risen. These
+insects live ten or fifteen days, and never seem to eat any food. They
+come in swarms, and birds, pigs, and poultry fatten on them. The female
+lays her eggs in the outermost twigs of the forest; these die and drop
+on the ground. The eggs give birth to a number of small grubs, which are
+thus enabled to attain the mould without injury, and in it they
+disappear; they are forgotten till seventeen years pass, and then the
+memory of them returns, and they rise from the earth, piercing their way
+through the matted sod, the hard trampled clay, &c. They appeared in
+1749, &c., to 1834, and are expected in 1851. Has this expectation been
+fulfilled?
+
+    C. I. R.
+
+307. _The British Sidanen._--Under this title (the proper spelling in
+which should be _Sina_ or _Senena_) an article appears in Vol. iv., p.
+120., comprising a portion of the genealogy of the Welsh princess, in
+which three of her sons are mentioned, viz., Owen, Llewellyn, and David.
+But there was a _fourth_ son, Roderic, who settled in England, and
+appears to have been residing there for some time, when the fatal
+rupture occurred between the two countries. It would appear that
+descendants of his have lived, and are living in our own times; among
+them, the late Dr. John Mawer, of Middleton Tyas, whose remarkable
+epitaph was given in a former number of "NOTES AND QUERIES." My first
+inquiry is, Is there known to exist any genealogy assuming to extend
+between the Rev. and learned gentleman just named and Prince Roderic? I
+am told there was one published in the _British Peerage for 1706_, at
+which time John Mawer would be three years of age; is such the fact? I
+wish also to ask, whether Prince _Owen_ was in existence at the time of
+the deaths of Llewellyn and David--whether in Wales or England? and
+whether he was the ancestor of Owen Tudor, the proud father of Henry
+VII.; and, if not, who _was_ Owen Tudor's ancestor?
+
+    AMANUENSIS.
+
+308. _Jenings or Jennings._--Was the late Mr. Jenings of Acton Hall,
+Suffolk, descended from the family of Jenings, formerly of Silsden,
+Skipton in Craven, and afterwards of Ripon, Yorkshire; and if so, where
+can information as to the pedigree be obtained?
+
+    A. B. C.
+
+  Brighton.
+
+309. _Caleva Atrebatum, Site of._--May not the site of Caleva Atrebatum
+have been at Caversham, on the north of the Thames, near Reading?
+
+The distance of Caleva from Londinium was forty-four Roman miles, making
+forty English; and from Venta Belgarum, thirty-six Roman or thirty-three
+English miles.
+
+Caleva, according to Ptolemy's map, was on the north of the Thames; a
+portion of the present Oxfordshire being in the country assigned by the
+same geographer to the Atrebates.
+
+    G. J.
+
+310. _Abigail._--Whence, or when, originated the application of
+_Abigail_, as applied to a lady's maid? It is used by Dean Swift in this
+sense; but in a way that shows that it was no new phrase in those days.
+
+    J. S. WARDEN.
+
+  Balica.
+
+311. _Etymology of Durden._--Jacob, in his _Law Dictionary_, giving
+Cowel as his authority (who, however, advances no further elucidation),
+derives the word from _dur-den_, a coppice in a valley. Does the word
+_dur_ signify wood, or, if the British _dwr_, is it not water?
+
+    F. R. R.
+
+312. _Connecticut Halfpenny._--I have a halfpenny, apparently American,
+bearing on the obverse, a head to the right, and "Auctori Connect.;" and
+on the reverse, "Inde." for _independence_, and "Lib." for liberty; date
+in the exerg., 1781 or 1787; and between "Inde." and "Lib." five stars.
+Can any of your correspondents tell me if my explanation of the reverse
+is the correct one? and also who was the "_Auctori Connect._," or
+founder of the state of Connecticut?
+
+    J. N. C.
+
+  King's Lynn.
+
+
+Minor Queries Answered.
+
+_Arms displayed on Spread Eagle._--For what reason are the arms of
+Methwen (and some others, I believe) placed on the breast of a
+two-headed eagle displayed sable?
+
+    H. N. E.
+
+  [When armorial ensigns are borne upon the breast of an eagle, the
+  general inference is that the bearers thereof are Counts of the
+  Holy Roman Empire, it being the practice in Germany for Counts of
+  the Empire so to display the eagle.
+
+  There are some cases in which especial grants have been made to
+  Englishmen so to do, as in the case of the family of _Methwen_;
+  and persons having received the royal licence in England to accept
+  the dignity of Count of the Empire, so carry their arms, as in the
+  cases of Earl Cowper, Lord Arundel of Wardour, St. Paul, &c.]
+
+_St. Beuno._--Where can I obtain any information respecting St. Beuno,
+to whom I find several churches dedicated in Wales?
+
+    J. D. D.
+
+  [In Rees's _Essay on the Welsh Saints_, p. 268., and Williams's
+  _Ecclesiastical Antiquities of the Cymry_, p. 137. The college of
+  Beuno is now called Clynog Vawr. See also _The Cambro-Briton_,
+  vol. iii. p. 14.]
+
+_Lists of Knights Bachelor._--What publication contains a list of the
+_knights bachelor_ made by George I. and George II. (1714-1760)? With
+regard to the subsequent reign I have found the _Calendar of Knights_,
+by Francis Townsend, London, 1828, very accurate and perfect.
+
+    ==> N.
+
+  [There is not any continuous list of _Knights Bachelors_ in any
+  published works since Philpot's _Catalogue_, 1660, until
+  Townsend's _Calendar_, which commences in 1760. The knights made
+  by Kings George I. and II. will be found only in some of the
+  genealogical publications of the day, such as the _British
+  Compendium_, published at intervals between 1720 and 1769;
+  Chamberlayne's _State of Great Britain_; or Heylin's _Help to
+  English History_, or Phillipps's _List of Nobility_, and similar
+  works.
+
+  Mr Townsend contemplated the publication of a list, and left an
+  imperfect MS., which passed into the hands of Sir Thomas
+  Phillipps, who printed it; but though privately circulated, it was
+  never published. See Moule's _Bibliotheca Heraldica_ for various
+  works of the character referred to.]
+
+_Walker._--An American lady lecturing on Bloomerism last week was much
+puzzled by the audience bursting into roars of laughter upon her
+quoting Professor Walker as an authority for some statement. The roars
+redoubled upon her declaring her belief that Professor Walker was a most
+respectable and trustworthy person. Can any one explain the origin of
+the joke that lies in the name "Walker?" Why do people say "Walker" when
+they wish to express ridicule or disbelief of a questionable statement?
+
+    DAVUS.
+
+  [The history of the renowned "Hookey Walker," as related by John
+  Bee, Esq., is simply this:--John Walker was an out-door clerk at
+  Longman, Clementi, and Co.'s in Cheapside, where a great number of
+  persons were employed; and "Old Jack," who had a crooked or hooked
+  nose, occupied the post of a spy upon their aberrations, which
+  were manifold. Of course, it was for the interests of the
+  surveillants to throw discredit upon all Jack's reports to the
+  heads of the firm; and numbers could attest that those reports
+  were fabrications, however true. Jack, somehow or other, was
+  constantly outvoted, his evidence superseded, and of course
+  disbelieved; and thus his occupation ceased, but not the fame of
+  "Hookey Walker."]
+
+_See of Durham._--Can any of your readers inform me of "The privileges
+of, and the ancient customs appertaining to, the See of Durham?"
+
+    H. F.
+
+  Clapham, Nov. 3. 1851.
+
+  [These relate most probably to the palatine rights of the Bishops
+  of Durham, granted by Egfrid, King of Northumbria, in 685; when he
+  gave to St. Cuthbert all the land between the Wear and the Tyne,
+  called "the patrimony of St. Cuthbert," to hold in as full and
+  ample a manner as the king himself holds the same. This donative,
+  with its ancient customs and privileges, was confirmed by the
+  Danes, and afterwards by William the Conqueror; in addition to
+  which, the latter made the church a sanctuary, and the county a
+  palatinate. Its bishop was invested with as great a power and
+  prerogative within his see, as the king exercised without the
+  bounds of it, with regard to forfeitures, &c. Thus it was a kind
+  of royalty subordinate to the crown, and, by way of eminence, was
+  called _The Bishoprick_. For an account of the ancient customs
+  connected with the cathedral, our correspondent is referred to the
+  curious and interesting work of Davies of Kidwelly, entitled, _The
+  Ancient Rites and Monuments of the Monastical and Cathedral Church
+  of Durham_, 12mo. 1672, which has been republished by the Surtees
+  Society.]
+
+
+
+
+Replies.
+
+CONVOCATION OF YORK.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 368.)
+
+This body (of which I am a member) ought to meet on the same occasions
+with that of Canterbury; but owing to the neglect or the wilfulness of
+its officials, many omissions and mistakes occur. I have heard a
+commission to _further_ adjourn the Convocation, from a day to which it
+previously stood adjourned, read the day _after_ that on which it ought
+to have assembled, but which day had arrived and passed without any one
+recollecting the fact! Our Convocation appears at no time to have acted
+a very prominent part, though its constitution is far better fitted for
+a working synod than that of the southern province. In the latter the
+_parochial_ clergy are so inadequately represented as to be much
+outnumbered by the _dignitaries_ appointed by the crown and the bishops;
+but in York there are _two_ proctors chosen by the clergy of _each_
+archdeaconry and peculiar jurisdiction, and _two_ by each cathedral
+chapter; thus affording a complete counterpoise to the deans and
+archdeacons who are members _ex officio_. Another peculiarity in the
+Convocation of York is, that it assembles in _one_ house, the bishops
+commonly appearing by their proxies (priests), and the archbishop
+presiding by his commissioner, who is always the dean, or one of the
+residentiary canons of York.
+
+In 1462 (_temp._ Archbishop Booth) the Convocation of York decreed that
+such constitutions of the province of Canterbury as were not prejudicial
+to those of York should be received, incorporated, and deemed as their
+own (Wilkins's _Concilia_, vol. iii. p. 580.). Under Archbishop
+Grenefeld it was decreed that since the Archbishop of York hath no
+superior in spirituals except the Pope, no appeals should be suffered to
+the Archbishop of Canterbury (p. 663.). At an earlier period the
+northern metropolitan laid claim to all England north of the Humber,
+with the whole realm of Scotland (Wilkins, vol. i. pp. 325, 479, &c.).
+In a provincial council at London, A.D. 1175, his jurisdiction was
+denied over the sees of Lincoln, _Chester_, Worcester, and Hereford,
+upon which he appealed to the Pope. With the exception of Chester,
+however, none of these sees were finally retained in the province.
+
+The next year we are told that, in a (national) council at Westminster,
+the Pope's legate presiding, the Archbishop of York, "disdaining to sit
+at the left hand of the legate, forced himself into the lap of the
+Archbishop of Canterbury, but was immediately _knocked down_ by the
+other bishops and clergy, severely beaten, and thrust out of the
+council!" (Hoveden ap. Wilkins, vol. i. p. 485.) How far the Northern
+Convocation supported their burly prelate in these claims I do not know;
+but I _note_ that in those days the disorderly conduct of the clergy was
+_not_ made a pretext for the indefinite suspension of synodical
+functions; and I _query_ whether the clergy might not be trusted to
+behave quite as well in the nineteenth century.
+
+But to return to the Convocation of York. There is a curious letter,
+A.D. 1661, from Accepted Frewen, Archbishop of York, to the Convocation,
+desiring them to send up to London some of their members duly
+commissioned on their part to sit with the Lower House of Canterbury
+for the review of the Liturgy. In this letter the archbishop says that
+himself and the other bishops of the province were sitting _with the
+bishops of the southern province in their House_. A similar expedient
+for constituting a _quasi_-national synod seems to have been resorted to
+upon some earlier occasions; but the Convocation of York still passed in
+due form by their own separate decree what was so agreed upon. The
+Articles were thus subscribed by our Convocation in 1571, and the Canons
+in 1604 and 1640.
+
+Since then the Convocation of York has been regularly summoned, met,
+adjourned, and been prorogued, without even the dutiful address to the
+crown, which is regularly discussed and adopted in Canterbury. In the
+year 1847, a spasmodic attempt at life was manifested in this venerable
+and ill-used institution. Archbishop Harcourt had consented that an
+address to the crown should be adopted, and himself procured a draft to
+be approved by the bishops. His grace however died before the day of
+meeting. Some difficulty was experienced by the officials, both in York
+and London, as to the course to be pursued; but a precedent having been
+pointed out in the reign of James I., when Archbishop Hutton died after
+summoning the Convocation and before its assembly, a writ was issued
+from the crown to the dean and chapter at York to elect a _praeses_ for
+the Convocation during the vacancy of the archbishoprick. They appointed
+the canon who happened to be in residence; an unusually large attendance
+was given; the Convocation was opened, the names called over, and then
+the officials had reached the limit of their experience; according to
+_their_ precedents we ought all to have been sent away. The address
+however was called on by the _praeses_, being apparently quite unaware
+that a _prolocutor_ should be chosen by the clergy before they proceeded
+to business. Such an officer probably seemed to the dignitary already in
+the chair like a _second King of Brentford_ "smelling at one rose," and
+the demand was refused. Further difficulties ensued, of course, the
+moment the debate was opened; and finally, the _praeses_, determined not
+to be tempted out of his depth, rose all at once, and read the fatal
+_formula_ which restored our glorious Chapter House to its silent
+converse with the ghosts. The Convocation has never since been heard of.
+
+    CAN EBOR.
+
+
+THE OLD COUNTESS OF DESMOND.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 305.)
+
+If your correspondent A. B. R. will refer to Walpole's _Fugitive Pieces_
+he will find a minute inquiry into the person and age of this long-lived
+lady. This is doubtless the dissertation alluded to by C. (Vol. ii., p.
+219.) Pennant has _two_ notices of the countess in his Scotch tours. In
+that of 1769 (which somewhat strangely follows the one of 1772), he
+gives at p. 87. the engraving spoken of (Vol. iv., p. 306.), apparently
+taken from the original at Dupplin Castle. It differs a little from R.'s
+description of another portrait, as the cloak is strapped over the
+chest, not held by a button. In 1772 Pennant again describes this
+portrait in his _Tour in Scotland_, vol. ii. p. 88., and speaks of four
+others, viz., first, at Devonshire House; second, at the Hon. John
+Yorke's seat, near Cheltenham; third, at Mr. Scott's, printer; and the
+fourth, in the Standard Closet, Windsor Castle. At the back of the last
+is written with a pen "Rembrandt." "A mistake (says P.) as Rembrandt was
+not fourteen years of age (he was indeed only eight) in 1614, at which
+time it is certain the countess was not living."
+
+In my copy of the _Fugitive Pieces_ (the Strawberry Hill edition,
+presented by Walpole to Cole), I find the following manuscript note by
+Cole; _an amplification of the_ passage from Walpole's letters quoted at
+p. 306.:--
+
+  "Being at Strawberry Hill in April, 1773, I saw there a copy of
+  the picture commonly attributed to the old Countess of Desmond;
+  but Mr. Walpole told me that there is sufficient proof that it is
+  a painter's mother, I think Rembrandt's. However, by a letter from
+  Mr. Lort, April 15, 1774, he assures me that on Mr. Pennant's
+  calling at Strawberry Hill to see this picture, he was much
+  chagrined at having a print of it engraved for his book, till Mr.
+  Lort revived him by carrying him to a garret in Devonshire House,
+  where was a picture of this same countess with her name on it,
+  exactly corresponding to his engraved print. I remember a
+  tolerable good old picture of her at Mr. Dicey's, prebendary of
+  Bristol, at Walton in Bucks."
+
+Walpole could not dismiss Pennant without a disparaging remark. He is "a
+superficial man, and knows little of history or antiquity; but he has a
+violent rage for being an author." Those who live in glass houses should
+not throw stones: Pennant would not have displayed the ignorance which
+Walpole exhibits in the instance before us. In an inscription, which the
+latter gives, on a Countess of Desmond buried at Sligo, occurs the
+following contraction: "Desmoniae _Noie_ Elizabetha." Walpole says
+(_Fugitive Pieces_, p. 204.), "This word I can make no sense of, but
+_sic originale_; I take it to be redundancy of the carver. It seems to
+be a repetition of the last three syllables of Desmoniae!"
+
+The sarcastic observations which Walpole passes on the Society of
+Antiquaries, its members, and its publications, are so frequent and so
+bitter, that they must have been founded on some offence not to be
+pardoned. Were the remarks on the "Historic Doubts" by the president,
+Dean Milles, and by the Rev. Robert Masters (printed in the first two
+volumes of the _Archaeologia_), regarded as satisfactorily confuting
+Walpole's arguments; or did he aim, but unsuccessfully, at the
+president's chair?
+
+    J. H. M.
+
+  Bath.
+
+
+COINS OF VABALATHUS.
+
+(Vol. iv., p. 255.)
+
+There have been many attempts to explain the puzzling VCRIMDR, on the
+supposition that a Latin sentence was concealed under these letters.
+Pinkerton suggested "Voluntate Caesaris Romani Imperatoris Maximi Domini,
+Rex." I hope to offer a better solution, which, although not new, has
+been passed over, I believe, by all subsequent writers. The Rev. George
+North, in the _Museum Meadianum_, p. 97., gives the following note:
+"Apud Arabes accepi verbum Karama significare Honoravit, a quo Ucrima,
+et Ucrim; quo sensu respondet hoc Arabicum [Greek: To Sebasto] apud
+Graecos." On applying to a well-known scholar and linguist here, I found
+that from the verb _Karama_ there was derived the adjective _Kar[=i]mat_
+(nobilis), from which again the superlative _Akram_ comes. There can, I
+think, be little doubt that the word VCRIMDR is originally derived from
+this verb _Karama_, and that it is most probably equivalent to
+_Nobilissimus_, a title so common shortly afterwards, as applied to the
+heirs to the empire.[3]
+
+  [Footnote 3: "_Nobilissimus_, in the Byzantine historians, is
+  synonymous with Caesar."--_Niebuhr._]
+
+The word [Greek: SROIAS] or [Greek: SRIAS], which appears on the
+Alexandrian coins of this prince, is of more difficult explanation. Some
+think it a praenomen, some a Syriac or other Eastern title, perhaps
+corresponding to VCRIMDR. Pellerin thought so. I hope some Oriental
+scholar will direct his attention to this point. These coins are very
+often ill struck, so that the part of the legend below the head, where
+the word in question is found, is indistinct, for which reason I suppose
+MR. TAYLOR has followed the erroneous reading of Banduri, [Greek:
+HERMIAS] (properly [Greek: HERMIAS], with lunate epsilon) for [Greek:
+SROIAS], which has been corrected by Eckhel. Of three specimens which I
+possess, one only reads clearly [Greek: SROIAS], from the
+above-mentioned cause, but it is unquestionably the correct reading on
+all. The best arrangement of the legend, from analogy with those forms
+used by the Romans, is as follows:
+
+      [Greek: AUTokrator . SROIAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATHENOdorou . Huios.]
+
+The existence of coins, of which I possess a specimen also, reading
+
+      [Greek: A . SRIAS . OUABALLATHOS . ATHEN . U.]
+
+shows that we must not read [Greek: ATHENOU] as one word, but must
+divide it as above. I think MR. TAYLOR will find his specimen to read as
+the last-mentioned coin, the [Greek: ER] (properly [Greek: ER]) being
+[Greek: SR], and the [Greek: AU] in like manner [Greek: AS]. My coin
+gives the whole legend distinctly, and I can vouch for the exactitude of
+the above legend.
+
+I believe there appeared some years ago, in the _Revue de Numismatique_,
+an article on the coins of the Zenobian family, but I do not remember
+when it was published, nor the conclusions to which the writer came.
+That is, however, the most recent investigation of the subject, and to
+it I must refer MR. TAYLOR, as I have not access to that periodical
+here.
+
+Sir Gardner Wilkinson has published in the _Numismatic Chronicle_, vol.
+vii. or viii., an inscription containing the names of Zenobia and
+Vabalathus. After the name of Vabalathus, who has the title of
+Autocrator, is the word [Greek: ATHENODOROU], which justifies the
+reading [Greek: Athenodorou Huios] on the coins. Vabalathus is thus
+probably the son of Zenobia by a former husband, Athenodorus, while
+bearing himself the same name, as Vabalathus (better Vaballathus, as on
+the Alexandrian coins) is said to be equivalent to Athenodorus, Gift of
+Pallas.
+
+    W. H. S.
+
+  Edinburgh.
+
+
+MARRIAGE OF ECCLESIASTICS.
+
+(Vol. iv., pp. 57, 125, 193, 196, 298.)
+
+I entirely agree with you that your pages are not a fit battle-ground
+for theological controversy. Still, since the question of the
+translation of Heb. xiii. 4. has been mooted, I beg with much deference
+to suggest that it will not be quite right to let it fall to the ground
+unsettled, especially since CEPHAS has thought fit to charge those of
+our Reformers who translated the Scriptures with mistranslating
+advisedly, and with propagating new doctrines.
+
+CEPHAS'S version of the passage is right, and our English version is
+wrong; but the fault lies in the ignorance of our translators, an
+ignorance which they shared with all the scholars of their day, and many
+not bad scholars of our own, of the effect produced on the force of the
+article by the relation in which it stands to the other words in the
+clause, in point of order. [Greek: ho timios gamos] is "the honourable
+marriage;" [Greek: ho timios gamos esti] is "the honourable marriage
+is;" [Greek: ho gamos timios] is untranslateable, unless you supply
+[Greek: esti], and then it means "the marriage" (or, marriage in
+general, in the abstract) "is honourable." But [Greek: esto] might be
+supplied, as it is in Heb. xiii. 4., when it will mean, "let marriage be
+honourable:" and [Greek: timios ho gamos] has just the same meaning,
+with perhaps this difference, that the emphasis falls more distinctly on
+[Greek: timios]. The circumstance that the mere assertion that marriage
+is honourable in all (men or things), true as it is in itself, ill
+accords with the tenor of the passage of which it forms a part, which is
+hortatory, not assertive, is a good reason why CEPHAS'S version should
+be preferred. But when we find afterwards the words [Greek: kai he koite
+amiantos], it is impossible to deny this hortatory force to the
+sentence; for those words cannot mean "the undefiled bed:" and to
+translate them "the (or their) bed is undefiled"--which is the only
+version which they will here bear, but one--would give but a feeble
+sense. That sole remaining sense is, "the bed (let it) be undefiled;"
+subaudite [Greek: esto] in the verse is, "Let marriage be honourable in
+all" (men or things), "and the bed be undefiled; but (or for)
+whoremongers and adulterers God will judge." Had our translators known
+that [Greek: he koite amiantos] could not mean "the bed undefiled," they
+would at once have been driven to see that the verse is a commandment:
+and the commandment that marriage should be held honourable in all men
+(or in all respects), would have served the purpose of their doctrines
+quite as well as the affirmative form which they have given to their
+present version. I say, it would have served their purpose; but I say
+more: they heeded not what did or would serve their purpose. They looked
+only for the truth and disregarded all else in their pursuit of it. With
+regard to the controversy about [Greek: en pasi], it is immaterial which
+version be adopted. MR. WALTER is right in the rule which he enunciates,
+if he means that in those cases of adjectives in which the masculine and
+neuter forms are the same, "man" or "men," not "thing" or "things," must
+be understood: but it is not always observed, even in classical writers,
+either in Latin or in Greek. There is no reason why it should be broken
+here; and I do not believe it is broken. It must have been only by a
+slip of CEPHAS'S pen that he called [Greek: pasi] a feminine adjective.
+It undoubtedly refers to both sexes. I wish E. A. D. had given the Greek
+of the passages from Chrysostom and Augustine, of which he has
+communicated the Oxford translation, which is as likely to err, perhaps,
+as any other. Jerome's Latin, like the Vulgate, though the words are not
+precisely the same, gives a literal version of the Greek, without
+supplying any verb at all, either _est_ or _sit_, and, since the Latin
+has not that expressive power in cases like this which the article gives
+to the Greek, leaves the passage obscure and undecided.
+
+    THEOPHYLACT.
+
+
+Replies to Minor Queries.
+
+_"Crowns have their Compass," &c._ (Vol. iv., p. 294.).--The lines
+alluded to by your correspondent MR. ABSALON form a inscription on a
+portrait of King James I. in the Cracherode Collection. (Vide Beloe's
+_Anecdotes_, vol. i. p. 210.)
+
+      "Crownes have their compasse, length of dayes their date,
+      Triumphes their tombes, felicitie her fate;
+      Of more than earth can earth make none partaker,
+      But knowledge makes the king most like his Maker."
+
+I am aware that this reference does not go to the "root of the matter,"
+if MR. ABSALON wishes to ascertain the author's name; but it may serve
+as a clue to further discovery.
+
+    MARGARET GATTY.
+
+  Ecclesfield.
+
+It is quite obvious what lines your correspondent alludes to, though the
+above quotation which he gives as the commencement of them is not quite
+correct, nor were they written with the object he supposes.
+
+I send a correct copy of them below, taken from Mr. Payne Collier's very
+interesting _Life of Shakspeare_, to whom they have always been
+attributed; and, it is said, with every show of reason. It is supposed
+they were written by him in the shape of a complimentary allusion to
+King James I., in grateful acknowledgment of the patronage bestowed by
+that monarch upon the stage. The subject is fully discussed at pp. 202,
+203. of Mr. Knight's volume, whence, indeed, the above information is
+derived; and he publishes the lines, as follows, stating then to be
+copied from a coeval manuscript in his possession:--
+
+      "SHAKSPEARE ON THE KING.
+
+      "Crowns have their compass--length of days their date--
+      Triumphs their tomb--felicity, her fate--
+      Of nought but earth can earth make us partaker,
+      But knowledge makes a king most like his Maker."
+
+Some one, to make the allusion more complete, that is, to over-do it,
+changed "_a_ king" into "_the_ king" in a subsequent publication of the
+lines. But this, as Mr. Payne Collier very justly feels, completely
+spoils the whole complexion of the epigram, and perverts a fine allusion
+into a raw personality.
+
+    J. J. A.
+
+_The Rev. Richard Farmer_ (Vol. iv., pp. 379.[4] 407.).--The
+observations of BOLTON CORNEY upon my incidental mention of Dr. Farmer,
+are, I think, wholly unwarranted, both in substance and manner,
+especially as he himself furnishes ample confirmation of its truth.
+
+  [Footnote 4: At page 379., second column, fifth line from bottom,
+  for "thrice" read "twice."]
+
+Taking his quotations in due order--
+
+1. The certificate of Dr. Farmer's character for learning and ability is
+unnecessary, because neither was impugned; nor does an allegation of
+atrocity in taste and judgment necessarily imply deficiency in mere
+book-learning.
+
+2. As for Isaac Reed's opinion in favour of Farmer's Essay, it might be
+met by many of directly opposite tendency, and of at least equal weight.
+
+3. In the only point really in question, BOLTON CORNEY "cannot deny that
+Farmer related the anecdote of the _wool-man_" (that being the reputed
+trade of Shakspeare's father); but to what end was it related, if not
+to suggest an application of which Steevens was only the interpreter?
+
+But BOLTON CORNEY thinks the character of the witness suspicious; he
+forgets that only just before he had stated that the anecdote and its
+application had been repeated in three editions, extending over thirteen
+years, all within the lifetime of Dr. Farmer!
+
+    A. E. B.
+
+  Leeds.
+
+_Earwig_ (Vol. iv., pp. 274. 411.).--The correspondent who asserts the
+_curious fact_ that Johnson, Richardson, and Webster do not notice the
+word _earwig_ must have consulted some expurgated editions of the works
+of those celebrated lexicographers--or else we must consider his
+assertion as a _curious fact_ in the history of literary oversights.
+
+    BOLTON CORNEY.
+
+
+
+
+Miscellaneous.
+
+
+NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.
+
+Although there are few books which have proved of greater utility to
+inquirers into the more recent history of England than Beatson's
+_Political Index_, yet it is also true that there are few which have
+more frequently or more justly caused the reader to feel the want of a
+new and improved edition. A very short examination, however, of Mr.
+Haydn's recently published Beatson's _Political Index Modernised, The
+Book of Dignities, containing Rolls of the Official Personages of the
+British Empire, Civil, Ecclesiastical, Judicial, Military, Naval, and
+Municipal, &c._, will satisfy the reader that such want has at length
+been supplied in a manner the most ample and the most satisfactory. For
+though we have referred to Beatson's well-known work for the purpose of
+furnishing a better idea of the _Book of Dignities_, we are bound to
+acknowledge that Mr. Haydn is justified in stating, that in the work in
+question he owes little more than the plan to Beatson. Mr. Haydn's
+volume not only contains many lists (among them the "Administrations of
+England, and the Judges of the Ecclesiastical Courts") not to be found
+in the _Political Index_, but the author has had the advantage of being
+permitted to search the various official records with the view of
+enabling him to give complete and accurate information. The result, of
+course, is obvious; namely, that just in the same proportion that our
+author surpasses Beatson in the extent and accuracy of his various
+lists, does the _Book of Dignities_ exceed its predecessor in usefulness
+to the official man, the historian, and the scholar.
+
+Mr. Hunt's experience as a public lecturer at the various literary and
+scientific institutions of the country, having convinced him that for
+the majority of the members of those institutions most of the existing
+works on natural philosophy are of too abstruse and technical a
+character--are, in short, sealed books,--he has been led to publish a
+small volume which we have no doubt will soon become extremely popular.
+It is entitled _Elementary Physics, an Introduction to the Study of
+Natural Philosophy_; and, as its object is to teach physical science so
+far as to render all the great deductions from observation and
+experiment satisfactorily clear, without encountering the difficulty of
+mathematics,--and no one is better able to do this, and throw a charm
+over such a subject, than the author of the _Poetry of Science_,--the
+work, which is illustrated with upwards of two hundred woodcuts, will be
+found eminently useful; not only to those who have neither time nor
+opportunity to carry their studies beyond its pages, but especially as a
+"first book" to those in whom it may awaken the desire for a more
+perfect knowledge of the beautiful and important truths of which it
+treats.
+
+The nature of the _Hand Atlas of Physical Geography, consisting of a
+Series of Maps and Illustrations, showing the Geographical Distribution
+of Natural Phenomena, embracing the Divisions of Geology, Hydrography,
+Meteorology, Natural History: from the Physikalischer Atlas of Berghaus,
+and the Maps of the Erdkunde, drawn by and under the immediate
+Superintendence of Drs. Ritter and Kiepert, Oetzel, Grimm, &c., by the
+Editor of the University Atlas of the Middle Ages_, is sufficiently
+described by its ample title-page; which shows, moreover, that the work
+is not a mere copy or reduction of the great atlas of Berghaus, on which
+it is founded. As a companion to the works of Humboldt, Mrs. Somerville,
+and other writers on physical geography, it will be found most useful;
+while its convenient size, and moderate price, place it within the reach
+of almost all classes of readers.
+
+CATALOGUES RECEIVED.--Nattali and Bond's (23. Bedford Street) Catalogue
+Part II. of Ancient and Modern Books; Adam Holden's (60. High Street,
+Exeter) Catalogue Part XXXIII. of Second-hand Books in Excellent
+Condition; B. Quaritch's (16. Castle Street, Leicester Square) Catalogue
+No. 37. of Books in Oriental Literature; J. Russell Smith's (4. Old
+Compton Street, Soho) Catalogue Part VII. of an Extensive Collection of
+Choice, Useful, and Curious Books.
+
+
+BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES
+
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.
+
+HUNTER'S DEANERY OF DONCASTER. Vol. I. Large or small paper.
+
+CLARE'S RURAL MUSE.
+
+CHRISTIAN PIETY FREED FROM THE DELUSIONS OF MODERN ENTHUSIASTS. A.D.
+1756 or 1757.
+
+AN ANSWER TO FATHER HUDDLESTONE'S SHORT AND PLAIN WAY TO THE FAITH AND
+CHURCH. By Samuel Grascombe. London, 1703. 8vo.
+
+REASONS FOR ABROGATING THE TEST IMPOSED UPON ALL MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT.
+By Samuel Parker, Lord Bishop of Oxon. 1688. 4to.
+
+LEWIS'S LIFE OF CAXTON. 8vo. 1737.
+
+CATALOGUE OF JOSEPH AMES'S LIBRARY. 8vo. 1760.
+
+TRAPP'S COMMENTARY. Folio. Vol. I.
+
+WHITLAY'S PARAPHRASE ON THE NEW TESTAMENT. Folio. Vol. I. 1706.
+
+LONG'S ASTRONOMY. 4to. 1742.
+
+MAD. D'ARBLAY'S DIARY. Vol. II 1842.
+
+ADAMS' MORAL TALES.
+
+AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF DR. JOHNSON. 1805.
+
+  [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price,
+  _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND
+  QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street.
+
+
+Notices to Correspondents.
+
+J. NORTH _will find his Query respecting the_ Zollverein _answered in
+our_ 3rd Vol. p. 451. _His others shall appear shortly._
+
+LOVELACE'S POEMS. D. H. M. C. _is informed that these were reprinted in
+1817, under the editorship of our valued correspondent_ MR. SINGER.
+
+J. RAYNER, _who asks for names of present reigning sovereigns, of
+presidents of the United States for the last thirty years, and of the
+governors-general of India, is referred to Mr. Haydn's_ Book of
+Dignities _(noticed in our present number), where he will find all the
+information of which he is in search._
+
+W. S. W. _Many thanks for your kind reminder. The article is in type,
+although omitted this week from want of room._
+
+J. S. B. _is thanked. Such a list would be most useful._
+
+REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Pope's Honest Factor--Serpent with Human
+Head--Marriage of Ecclesiastics--Hobbes's Leviathan--Definition of
+Truth--Wearing Gloves before Royalty--Derivation of Earwig--Dictionary
+of Hackneyed Quotations--Passage in Campbell--"'Tis Twopence
+now"--Cozens the Painter--"Acu tinali meridi"--Nightingale and Thorn,
+&c.--Theodolite--Temple of AEgina--Ashen Fagots--Cause of
+Transparency--Praed's Charade--Marriages in ruined Churches--Age of
+Trees--Joceline's Legacy--St. Bene't Fink--Bristol Tables--"A little
+Bird told me"--Lycian Inscriptions--Tuden Aled._
+
+_Copies of our_ Prospectus, _according to the suggestion of_ T. E. H.,
+_will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by
+circulating them._
+
+VOLS. I., II., _and_ III., _with very copious Indices, may still be had,
+price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth._
+
+NOTES AND QUERIES _is published at noon on Friday, so that our country
+Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped
+Edition is 10s. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office
+Order drawn in favour of our Publisher_, MR. GEORGE BELL, 186 Fleet
+Street; _to whose care all communications for the Editor should be
+addressed._
+
+_Errata._--Page 345, for "FERMILODUM" read "FERMILODVNI;" p. 394. col.
+1. l. 34. for "Danish" read "Dutch;" p. 395. col. 1. l. 19. for
+"Dunfe_r_line" read "Dunfermline."
+
+
+
+
+This day are published at the
+
+      UNIVERSITY PRESS, OXFORD,
+
+  THE LIFE OF JAMES DUKE OF ORMOND; containing an account of the
+  most remarkable affairs of his time, and particularly of Ireland
+  under his government: with an Appendix and a Collection of
+  Letters, serving to verify the most material facts in the said
+  History. A new Edition, carefully compared with the original MSS.
+  6 vols. 8vo. Price 2_l._ 6_s._ in boards.
+
+  NOVUM TESTAMENTUM GRAECUM. Accedunt parallela S. Scripturae loca,
+  necnon vetus capitulorum notatio et canones Eusebii. 18mo. Price
+  3_s._ in boards.
+
+  THE OLD AND NEW TESTAMENT CONNECTED in the History of the Jews and
+  Neighbouring Nations, from the declension of the Kingdoms of
+  Israel and Judah to the time of Christ. By HUMPHREY PRIDEAUX, Dean
+  of Norwich. 2 vols. 8vo. Price 14_s._ in boards.
+
+  FASTI HELLENICI. The Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece and
+  Rome, from the CXXIVth Olympiad to the Death of Augustus. By HENRY
+  FYNES CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. Second
+  Edition, with additions. 4to. Price 1_l._ 12_s._ in boards.
+
+  An EPITOME of the the Civil and Literary Chronology of Greece from
+  the earliest Accounts to the Death of Augustus, By HENRY FYNES
+  CLINTON, Esq., M.A. late Student of Christ Church. 8vo. Price
+  6_s._ 6_d._ in boards.
+
+  AESCHYLI Tragoediae Superstites et Deperditarum Fragmenta ex
+  recensione G. DINDORFII. Tomus III. Scholia Graeca ex Codicibus
+  aucta et emendata. 8vo. Price 8_s._ 6_d._ in boards.
+
+  Sold by JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and 377. Strand, London: and E.
+  GARDNER, 7. Paternoster Row, London.
+
+
+THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST.
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+
+  40_s._ worth or upwards sent CARRIAGE FREE to any part of England by
+
+  PHILLIPS & CO., TEA MERCHANTS,
+
+  No. 8. King William Street, City, London.
+
+
+Churches of the Middle Ages,
+
+  By HENRY BOWMAN and J. T. CROWTHER, Architects, Manchester.
+
+  No. XVI. published this day.
+
+  CONTENTS.
+
+  S. PETER'S CLAYPOLE, LINCOLNSHIRE,
+
+      Plate 1.--Plan and Elevation of Sedilia in Chancel.
+       "    2.--Details of Sedilia, and Plan, Elevation, and
+                Details of Locker.
+
+  S. JOHN'S WAPPENBURY, WARWICKSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 2.--East and South Elevations of Chancel.
+        "   3.--Details of Chancel.
+
+  S. MARY'S FRAMPTON, LINCOLNSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 1.--Ground Plan.
+
+  S. PETER'S THREEKINGHAM, LINCOLNSHIRE.
+
+      Plate 5.--Longitudinal Section.
+
+  Price 9_s._ plain; 10_s._ 6_d._ tinted; 12_s._ proofs, on large
+  paper.
+
+  GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.
+
+
+This day is published, price 2_s._ 6_d._,
+
+  A FEW REMARKS
+
+      ON
+      A PAMPHLET BY MR. SHILLETO,
+      ENTITLED
+      "THUCYDIDES OR GROTE?"
+
+  Cambridge: JOHN DEIGHTON; London: GEORGE BELL; Oxford: J. H.
+  PARKER.
+
+
+TEN GUINEAS REWARD.
+
+  RUTHVEN, EARL OF GOWRIE.--PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of William, Earl of
+  Gowrie, married between the years 1615 and 1625, as generally
+  stated. The above reward will be paid to any person who may find
+  the place of marriage, and will produce a Certificate thereof.
+
+  THREE GUINEAS REWARD.
+
+  On the production of a Certificate of the Marriage of SIR ANTHONY
+  VAN DYCK with MARIA RUTHVEN, which took place in 1640.
+
+  THREE GUINEAS REWARD.
+
+  For any evidence of the Death or Burial of PATRICK RUTHVEN, son of
+  the before-mentioned Patrick, the brother of the said Maria Van
+  Dyck, formerly Ruthven. He was living in 1656 (then administrator
+  of his father's effects) and was dead probably before 1710.
+
+  Communications upon these points are to be transmitted to "The
+  Editor of NOTES AND QUERIES."
+
+
+December 1.
+
+  THE ART-JOURNAL, for DECEMBER, completes the Third Volume of the
+  New Series, for 1851; and contains the Title, Dedication to Prince
+  Albert, Table of Contents, &c.
+
+  The Volume of
+
+  THE ART-JOURNAL FOR 1851,
+
+  is this day published, containing Thirty-six Engravings on steel,
+  and several hundred Engravings on wood. Price 31_s._ 6_d._
+
+  To be had of all Booksellers in Town and Country.
+
+  THE ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF THE GREAT EXHIBITION.
+
+  (Published in connection with the ART-JOURNAL), may still be
+  obtained of any Bookseller, but it will be soon "out of print."
+
+  Active preparations are in progress for introducing several marked
+  IMPROVEMENTS in the ART-JOURNAL: these will be evidenced in the
+  Part to be issued on the 1st of January, 1852; which, commencing a
+  new volume, affords a favourable opportunity for new Subscribers.
+
+
+Cloth 1_s._, pp. 169, by post 1_s._ 6_d._
+
+  WELSH SKETCHES, chiefly Ecclesiastical, to the Close of the
+  Twelfth Century. By the Author of "Proposals for Christian Union."
+
+  "Are written in the same attractive and popular style."--_Notes
+  and Queries._
+
+  "Show great research on the part of the Author into the early
+  history of the Principality. We can recommend this little work to
+  all those who are curious in these matters."--_Carmarthen
+  Journal._
+
+  London: JAMES DARLING, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's-inn-fields.
+
+
+Just published,
+
+  ALMANACKS FOR 1852.
+
+  WHITAKER'S CLERGYMAN'S DIARY, for 1852, will contain a Diary, with
+  Table of Lessons, Collects, &c., and full directions for Public
+  Worship for every day in the year, with blank spaces for
+  Memoranda: A List of all the Bishops and other Dignitaries of the
+  Church, arranged under the order of their respective Dioceses;
+  Bishops of the Scottish and American Churches; and particulars
+  respecting the Roman Catholic and Greek Churches; together with
+  Statistics of the various Religious Sects in England; Particulars
+  of the Societies connected with the Church; of the Universities,
+  &c. Members of both Houses of Convocation, of both Houses of
+  Parliament, the Government, Courts of Law, &c. With Instructions
+  to Candidates for Holy Orders; and a variety of information useful
+  to all Clergymen, price in cloth 3_s._, or 5_s._ as a pocket-book
+  with tuck.
+
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+  the Scholarships and Exhibitions attached to them; to which is
+  added an Appendix, containing an Account of the Committee of
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+
+  WHITAKER'S PENNY ALMANACK FOR CHURCHMEN. Containing thirty-six
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+
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+
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+  December 4, a collection of valuable Manuscripts, including many
+  important Records of English Counties and Families, Deeds and
+  Charters from a very early date, some having interesting and
+  curious seals; numerous Original Documents relating to English
+  monasteries; large collection of Drawings of Antiquities in
+  various English counties, particularly Gloucestershire; most
+  interesting MS. relating to London; Libellus Beati Misericordis, a
+  legendary MS. of about the year 1350; "The Booke that ys cleped
+  the Mirrour of the Blissed Liffe of Jhesu Criste," an English MS.
+  of about the year 1449; Churchwardens' Accounts for Berkhampstead,
+  1585 to 1746, an important MS.; the unpublished Diary of Walter
+  Yonge, 1640 to 1649, 6 vols.; Diary of the Rev. J. Hopkins, A.D.
+  1700; Gemistus and Phurnutus, an important Greek MS. of the
+  fifteenth century; some interesting Italian Historical MSS., and
+  Autograph Letters. Catalogues will be sent on application (if in
+  the country, on receipt of two stamps).
+
+
+In 2 vols. imperial 8vo., price 4_l._ 10_s._ Illustrated by upwards of
+2000 Engravings on Wood.
+
+  THE IMPERIAL DICTIONARY, English, Technological, and Scientific;
+  adapted to the present State of Literature, Science, and Art, on
+  the Basis of "Webster's English Dictionary;" with the Addition of
+  many Thousand Words and Phrases from the other Standard
+  Dictionaries and Encyclopaedias, and from numerous other sources;
+  comprising all Words purely English, and the principal and most
+  generally used Technical and Scientific Terms, together with their
+  Etymologies, and their Pronunciation, according to the best
+  authorities.
+
+  CHARACTER OF THE WORK.
+
+  This work is admitted to be superior to any Dictionary hitherto
+  offered to the public. See opinions in Prospectus from Rev. James
+  Robertson, D.D., Professor of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History,
+  University of Edinburgh; Rev. Phillip Killand, M.A., Professor of
+  Mathematics, University of Edinburgh; Rev. John Fleming, D.D.,
+  Professor of Natural Science, New College, Edinburgh; Rev. Thomas
+  Luby, Senior Fellow of Trinity College, Dublin; James Thomson,
+  LL.D., Professor of Mathematics, University of Glasgow.
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+  on Scottish Song. With engraved Frontispiece and Title.
+
+  "The neatest and most comprehensive collection of Scottish
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+
+  Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges, 9_s._; Morocco elegant,
+  11_s._
+
+  BOOK OF SCOTTISH BALLADS; a Comprehensive Collection of the
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+  Editor of "The Book of Scottish Song." With engraved Frontispiece
+  and Title.
+
+  "A rich and valuable collection--accompanied by critical and
+  bibliographical illustrations which add largely to the interest of
+  the volume."--_John Bull._
+
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+CHOICE AND USEFUL BOOKS,
+
+  AT
+
+  JAS. NEWMAN'S, 235. HIGH HOLBORN.
+
+  =Ashmole's= Institution, Laws, and Ceremonies of the Order of the
+  Garter, fine plates by Hollar, with an Autograph Letter of Ashmole
+  inserted, folio, neat. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1672.
+
+  =Anderson's= Royal Genealogies, best edition, folio, neat. 2_l._
+  1736.
+
+  =Banks's= Dormant and Extinct Baronage of England, with
+  Supplement, 4 vols. 4to. hf. bd. calf. 1_l._ 16_s._ 1807-37.
+
+  ---- Baronia Anglica Concentrata; or, An Account of Baronies in
+  Fee, with the Proofs of Parliamentary Sitting from the Reign of
+  Edward I., 2 vols. 4to. 1_l._ 1_s._ 1844.
+
+  =Bracton= De Legibus et Consuetudinibus Angliae, best edition,
+  folio, very neat. 2_l._ 2_s._ 1569.
+
+  =Britton's= Cathedral Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates,
+  large paper, 6 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. uncut. 15_l._ 15_s._
+  1814-36.
+
+  ---- Architectural= Antiquities of Great Britain, fine plates,
+  large paper, 4 vols. royal 4to. russia extra. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1807-14.
+
+  =Berry's= Encyclopaedia of Heraldry, plates, 3 vols. 4to. cf. gt.
+  3_l._ 3_s._ 1820.
+
+  =Bibliotheca= Topographica Britannica (Nichols's) a Collection of
+  Topographical, Antiquarian, and Biographical Tracts, 8 thick vols.
+  4to. boards, very scarce 14_l._ 14_s._ 1780-90.
+
+  =Collectanea= Topographica et Genealogica, 8 vols. royal 8vo.
+  5_l._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1834-43.
+
+  =Carte's History of the Life of James Duke of Ormonde, 1610-88, 3
+  vols. folio, very neat. 3_l._ 15_s._ 1735-6.
+
+  =Chronicles= of England and France, by Froissart and Monstrelet,
+  translated by JOHNES, with the Memoirs of Froissart and John Lord
+  de Joinville, plates, 9 vols. royal 4to. fine set, russia extra.
+  12_l._ 12_s._ 1803-10.
+
+  =Devonshire.=--Oliver's Monasticon Diocesis Exoniensis, fine
+  plates, folio, calf extra. 3_l._ 3_s._ 1846.
+
+  =Domesday= Book, with the Introduction and Indexes, also the
+  Supplements, 4 vols. folio, new, hf. bd. calf. 7_l._ 10_s._
+  1783-1816.
+
+  =Dibdin's= Bibliographical, Antiquarian, and Picturesque Tour in
+  France and Germany, fine plates, best edition, 3 vols. royal 8vo.
+  russia extra. 6_l._ 10_s._ 1821.
+
+  =Drummond's= Histories of Noble British Families, numerous fine
+  Plates, some in colours. 2 vols. royal folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+  21_l._ 1846.
+
+  =Dugdale's= History of the Imbanking and Draining of Fens, &c.,
+  plates, folio, very neat. 2_l._ 1772.
+
+  =Dumont= et Rousset, Corps Universel Diplomatique du Droit des
+  Gens, ou Recueil de Traites de Paix, de Treve, &c. &c. 30 vols.
+  large paper, folio, fine copy, calf. 10_l._ 10_s._ 1726-39.
+
+  =Essex.=--Morant's History of the County, plates, best edition, 2
+  vols. folio, uncut. 6_l._ 6_s._ 1768.
+
+  =Fenn's= Original Letters of the Paston Family, written during the
+  reigns of Henry VI., Edw. IV., &c., 5 vols. 4to. fine copy in
+  russia, very scarce. 6_l._ 16_s._ 6_d._ 1787-1823.
+
+  =Fosbrooke's= Encyclopaedia of Antiquities, with the Foreign
+  Topography, plates, best edition, 3 vols. 4to. calf extra. 2_l._
+  15_s._ 1823-8.
+
+  =Fox's= Book of Martyrs, numerous curious cuts, &c. 3 vols. folio
+  calf, very neat. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._ 1641.
+
+  =Fuller's= Worthies of England, with the Index, folio, very neat,
+  2_l._ 2_s._ 1662.
+
+  =Grimaldi's= Origines Genealogicae, 4to. calf gilt, scarce, 2_l._
+  2_s._ 1828.
+
+  =Gough's= Sepulchral Monuments in Great Britain fine plates, large
+  folio. 1786-96.
+
+  ---- British Topography, an Account of what has been done for
+  illustrating Topographical Antiquities, 2 vols. 4to. very neat.
+  1_l._ 8_s._ 1780.
+
+  =Grose's= Antiquities of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland,
+  several hundred plates, 12 vols. imperial 8vo. russia. 8_l._ 8_s._
+  1784, &c.
+
+  =Guillim's= Heraldry, fine plates, best edition, thick folio,
+  neat. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1724.
+
+  =Hertfordshire.=--Chauncy's History of the County, plates,
+  including the scarce ones, fine copy, calf. 8_l._ 8_s._ 1700.
+
+  =Hertfordshire.=--Clutterbuck's History of the County, fine
+  plates, 3 vols. folio, very clean copy, in boards, 11_l._ 11_s._
+  (Published at 18_l._ 18_s._) 1815-27.
+
+  =Lelandi= de Rebus Britannicis Collectanea, cum T. Hearnii,
+  plates, 6 vols, 8vo. neat. 2_l._ 16_s._ 1770.
+
+  =Lysons'= Magna Britannia, an Account of the Counties of Beds,
+  Berks, Bucks, Cambridge, Cheshire, Cornwall, Cumberland, Derby,
+  and Devon, many plates, 6 vols, 4to. hf. bd. neat. 3_l._ 13_s._
+  6_d._ 1806-22.
+
+  ---- Account of the Environs of London, with the Supplement,
+  plates, best edition, 6 vols. 4to. half russia. 3_l._ 10_s._
+  1792-6.
+
+  =London.=--Stow's Survey, many plates, best edition by Strype, 2
+  vols. folio, fine copy in russia. 1754.
+
+  ---- Wilkinson's Graphic and Historical Illustrations, 207
+  interesting plates, 2 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd. 3_l._ 13_s._ 6_d._
+  1819-25.
+
+  =Madox's Firma Burgi, Baronia Anglica, Formulare Anglicanum, and
+  History of the Exchequer, large paper. 4 vols. folio, russia, gilt
+  edges. 3_l._ 16_s._ 1727. &c.
+
+  =Manuscripts in the British Museum.--Catalogues of the Cottonian,
+  Harleian, and Lansdowne Collections, 6 vols. folio. 5_l._ 10_s._
+  1802-19.
+
+  =Montfaucon= (B. De), Les Monumens de la Monarchie Francaise,
+  numerous fine plates, 5 vols. folio, neat in calf, scarce. 8_l._
+  18_s._ 6_d._ Paris, 1729-33.
+
+  =Meyrick's= Ancient Armour, last edition, much enlarged, fine
+  coloured engravings, 3 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco. 8_l._ 18_s._
+  6_d._ 1844.
+
+  =Murphy's= Arabian Antiquities of Spain, 100 fine engravings,
+  large folio, hf. bd. morocco, 7_l._ 7_s._
+
+  =Neale's= Views of Seats, nearly 900 fine plates, proofs on India
+  paper, with descriptions, large paper, 11 vols. 4to. 12_l._
+  (Published at 55 guineas.) 1822-9.
+
+  =Nichols's= Progresses and Processions of Queen Elizabeth, also of
+  King James I., plates, 7 vols. 4to. fine copy, new in calf. 9_l._
+  1823-8.
+
+  =Norfolk.=--Blomefield and Parkin's History of the County, plates,
+  large paper, 11 vols. 4to. fine copy, calf. 9_l._ 1805-10.
+
+  ---- and Suffolk.--Cotman's Engravings of the Sepulchral Brasses
+  in those Counties, original edition, folio, hf. bd. 2_l._ 15_s._
+  1819.
+
+  ---- another new edition enlarged, 2 vols. folio, hf. bd. morocco.
+  4_l._ 14_s._ 6_d._ (Published at 8_l._ 8_s._) 1838.
+
+  ---- Cotman's Architectural Antiquities of the County, 240 fine
+  plates, with Descriptions by Rickman, 2 vols. large folio, hf. bd.
+  morocco. 7_l._ 7_s._ 1838.
+
+  =Nottinghamshire.=--Thoroton's History of the County, with
+  additions by Thoresby, plates, 3 vols. 4to. very neat. 2_l_ 15_s._
+  1797.
+
+  =Oxfordshire.=--Plat's History of the County, best edition, folio,
+  fine copy, calf. 1_l._ 10_s._ 1705.
+
+  ---- Skelton's Antiquities of the County, fine plates, royal 4to.
+  calf extra. 2_l._ 8_s._
+
+  ---- The same, with the Oxonia Antiqua Restaurata, the Colleges,
+  Halls, &c. and the Record of Oxford Founders, 4 vols. royal 4to.
+  cloth. 6_l._ 10_s._ (Published at 24_l._) 1823-8.
+
+  =Painter's= Palace of Pleasure, a series of Tales which appeared
+  during the reign of Elizabeth, edited by Haslewood, 2 vols. 4to.
+  hf. russia, uncut. 2_l._ 15_s._ 1813.
+
+  =Picart's= Ceremonies and Religious Customs of various Nations,
+  fine plates, large paper, 7 vols. large folio, hf. bd. 5_l._ 1733.
+
+  =Rolls= (The) of Parliament, comprising the Petitions, Pleas, &c.,
+  from Edward I. to Henry VII., with Index, 7 vols. folio, hf. bd.
+  neat. 2_l._ 15_s._
+
+  =Sandford's= Genealogical History of the Kings and Queens of
+  England, best edition, by Stebbing, plates, fine copy. 6_l._
+  10_s._ 1707.
+
+  =Somersetshire.=--Collinson's History of the County, plates, with
+  some scarce additional ones inserted, 3 vols. royal 4to. hf. bd.
+  uncut. 4_l._ 4_s._ 1791.
+
+
+
+
+Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5 New
+Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and
+published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St.
+Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet
+Street aforesaid.--Saturday, November 29, 1851.
+
+
+
+
+      [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV]
+
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. I.                                   |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.     | Date, Year        | Pages     | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No.  1 | November  3, 1849 |   1 -  17 | PG #  8603  |
+      | Vol. I No.  2 | November 10, 1849 |  18 -  32 | PG # 11265  |
+      | Vol. I No.  3 | November 17, 1849 |  33 -  46 | PG # 11577  |
+      | Vol. I No.  4 | November 24, 1849 |  49 -  63 | PG # 13513  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No.  5 | December  1, 1849 |  65 -  80 | PG # 11636  |
+      | Vol. I No.  6 | December  8, 1849 |  81 -  95 | PG # 13550  |
+      | Vol. I No.  7 | December 15, 1849 |  97 - 112 | PG # 11651  |
+      | Vol. I No.  8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652  |
+      | Vol. I No.  9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 10 | January   5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG #        |
+      | Vol. I No. 11 | January  12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653  |
+      | Vol. I No. 12 | January  19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575  |
+      | Vol. I No. 13 | January  26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 14 | February  2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558  |
+      | Vol. I No. 15 | February  9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929  |
+      | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193  |
+      | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 18 | March     2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544  |
+      | Vol. I No. 19 | March     9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638  |
+      | Vol. I No. 20 | March    16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409  |
+      | Vol. I No. 21 | March    23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958  |
+      | Vol. I No. 22 | March    30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 23 | April     6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505  |
+      | Vol. I No. 24 | April    13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925  |
+      | Vol. I No. 25 | April    20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747  |
+      | Vol. I No. 26 | April    27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Vol. I No. 27 | May       4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712  |
+      | Vol. I No. 28 | May      11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684  |
+      | Vol. I No. 29 | May      18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197  |
+      | Vol. I No. 30 | May      25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713  |
+      +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. II.                                  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.      | Date, Year         | Pages   | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 31 | June  1, 1850      |   1- 15 | PG # 12589  |
+      | Vol. II No. 32 | June  8, 1850      |  17- 32 | PG # 15996  |
+      | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850      |  33- 48 | PG # 26121  |
+      | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850      |  49- 64 | PG # 22127  |
+      | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850      |  65- 79 | PG # 22126  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 36 | July  6, 1850      |  81- 96 | PG # 13361  |
+      | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850      |  97-112 | PG # 13729  |
+      | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850      | 113-128 | PG # 13362  |
+      | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850      | 129-143 | PG # 13736  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 40 | August  3, 1850    | 145-159 | PG # 13389  |
+      | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850    | 161-176 | PG # 13393  |
+      | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850    | 177-191 | PG # 13411  |
+      | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850    | 193-207 | PG # 13406  |
+      | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850    | 209-223 | PG # 13426  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 45 | September  7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427  |
+      | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462  |
+      | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936  |
+      | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 49 | October  5, 1850   | 289-304 | PG # 13480  |
+      | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850   | 305-320 | PG # 13551  |
+      | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850   | 321-351 | PG # 15232  |
+      | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850   | 353-367 | PG # 22624  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 53 | November  2, 1850  | 369-383 | PG # 13540  |
+      | Vol. II No. 54 | November  9, 1850  | 385-399 | PG # 22138  |
+      | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850  | 401-415 | PG # 15216  |
+      | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850  | 417-431 | PG # 15354  |
+      | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850  | 433-454 | PG # 15405  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. II No. 58 | December  7, 1850  | 457-470 | PG # 21503  |
+      | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850  | 473-486 | PG # 15427  |
+      | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850  | 489-502 | PG # 24803  |
+      | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850  | 505-524 | PG # 16404  |
+      +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. III.                                 |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol., No.       | Date, Year        | Pages   | PG # xxxxx  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 62 | January  4, 1851  |   1- 15 | PG # 15638  |
+      | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851  |  17- 31 | PG # 15639  |
+      | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851  |  33- 47 | PG # 15640  |
+      | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851  |  49- 78 | PG # 15641  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 66 | February  1, 1851 |  81- 95 | PG # 22339  |
+      | Vol. III No. 67 | February  8, 1851 |  97-111 | PG # 22625  |
+      | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639  |
+      | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 70 | March  1, 1851    | 161-174 | PG # 23204  |
+      | Vol. III No. 71 | March  8, 1851    | 177-200 | PG # 23205  |
+      | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851    | 201-215 | PG # 23212  |
+      | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851    | 217-231 | PG # 23225  |
+      | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851    | 233-255 | PG # 23282  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 75 | April  5, 1851    | 257-271 | PG # 23402  |
+      | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851    | 273-294 | PG # 26896  |
+      | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851    | 297-311 | PG # 26897  |
+      | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851    | 313-342 | PG # 26898  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 79 | May  3, 1851      | 345-359 | PG # 26899  |
+      | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851      | 361-382 | PG # 32495  |
+      | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851      | 385-399 | PG # 29318  |
+      | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851      | 401-415 | PG # 28311  |
+      | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851      | 417-440 | PG # 36835  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Vol. III No. 84 | June  7, 1851     | 441-472 | PG # 37379  |
+      | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851     | 473-488 | PG # 37403  |
+      | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851     | 489-511 | PG # 37496  |
+      | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851     | 513-528 | PG # 37516  |
+      +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+
+      | Notes and Queries Vol. IV.                                  |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol., No.       | Date, Year         | Pages   | PG # xxxxx |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 88  | July  5, 1851      |   1- 15 | PG # 37548 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 89  | July 12, 1851      |  17- 31 | PG # 37568 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 90  | July 19, 1851      |  33- 47 | PG # 37593 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 91  | July 26, 1851      |  49- 79 | PG # 37778 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 92  | August  2, 1851    |  81- 94 | PG # 38324 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 93  | August  9, 1851    |  97-112 | PG # 38337 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 94  | August 16, 1851    | 113-127 | PG # 38350 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 95  | August 23, 1851    | 129-144 | PG # 38386 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 96  | August 30, 1851    | 145-167 | PG # 38405 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No.  97 | Sept.  6, 1851     | 169-183 | PG # 38433 |
+      | Vol. IV No.  98 | Sept. 13, 1851     | 185-200 | PG # 38491 |
+      | Vol. IV No.  99 | Sept. 20, 1851     | 201-216 | PG # 38574 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 100 | Sept. 27, 1851     | 217-246 | PG # 38656 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 101 | Oct.  4, 1851      | 249-264 | PG # 38701 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 102 | Oct. 11, 1851      | 265-287 | PG # 38773 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 103 | Oct. 18, 1851      | 289-303 | PG # 38864 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 104 | Oct. 25, 1851      | 305-333 | PG # 38926 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol. IV No. 105 | Nov.  1, 1851      | 337-358 | PG # 39076 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 106 | Nov.  8, 1851      | 361-374 | PG # 39091 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 107 | Nov. 15, 1851      | 377-396 | PG # 39135 |
+      | Vol. IV No. 108 | Nov. 22, 1851      | 401-414 | PG # 39197 |
+      +-----------------+--------------------+---------+------------+
+      | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850]             | PG # 13536 |
+      | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850     | PG # 13571 |
+      | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851     | PG # 26770 |
+      +------------------------------------------------+------------+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number
+109, November 29, 1851, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 29, 1851 ***
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