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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-14 20:12:11 -0700 |
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You may copy it, give it away or re-use + it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License <a href= + "#pglicense" class="tei tei-ref">included with this eBook</a> or + online at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license" class= + "tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a></p> + </div> + <pre class="pre tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> +Title: Irish Ecclesiastical Record, Volume 1, May 1865 + + + +Release Date: March 21, 2012 [Ebook #39226] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: UTF-8 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD, VOLUME 1, MAY 1865*** +</pre> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"></div> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.73em"><span style= + "font-size: 173%">Irish Ecclesiastical Record</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.73em"><span style= + "font-size: 173%">Volume 1</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style= + "text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.73em"><span style= + "font-size: 173%">May 1865</span></p> + </div> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Contents</span></h1> + + <ul class="tei tei-index tei-index-toc"> + <li><a href="#toc1">The See Of Derry.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc3">Dr. Colenso And The Old Testament. No. + II.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc5">Blessed Thaddeus M'Carthy.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc7">Liturgical Questions.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc9">Correspondence.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc11">Documents.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc13">Notices Of Books.</a></li> + + <li><a href="#toc15">Footnotes</a></li> + </ul> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-body" style= + "margin-bottom: 6.00em; margin-top: 6.00em"> + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page353">[pg 353]</span><a name="Pg353" + id="Pg353" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc1" id="toc1"></a> <a name="pdf2" id="pdf2"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">The See Of Derry.</span></h1> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The territory of + Cineal-Eoghain, from a very early period, formed a distinct diocese, + which took its name from the church of Arderath, now Ardstraw, + situated on the River Derg, and founded by St. Eugene, first bishop + of this see. In the synod of Rathbreasail, an. 1110, it is called + <span class="tei tei-q">“Dioecesis Ardsrathensis”</span> though + probably in that very year the city of Derry was chosen for the + episcopal residence. <span class="tei tei-q">“Sedes + Episcopalis”</span>, writes Dr. O'Cherballen, bishop of the see in + 1247, <span class="tei tei-q">“a tempore limitationis Episcopatuum + Hyberniae in villa Darensi utpote uberiori et magis idoneo loco qui + in sua Dioecesi habeatur, extitit constituta”</span>. For some years + this arrangement continued undisturbed, till the appointment of Dr. + O'Coffy, who about the year 1150 transferred his see to Rathlure, a + church dedicated to St. Luroch; and subsequently, for one hundred + years, we find the see designated <span class="tei tei-q">“Dioecesis + Rathlurensis”</span>, or <span class="tei tei-q">“de + Rathlurig”</span>, under which name it appears in the lists of + Centius Camerarius.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Dr. Muredach + O'Coffy was a canon regular of the order of St. Augustine, and + <span class="tei tei-q">“was held in great repute for his learning, + humility, and charity to the poor”</span>—(Ware). The old Irish + annalists style him <span class="tei tei-q">“the sun of science; the + precious stone and resplendent gem of knowledge; the bright star and + rich treasury of learning; and as in charity, so too was he powerful + in pilgrimage and prayer”</span>. He assisted at the Synod of Kells, + which was convened by Cardinal Paparo in 1152, and in the catalogue + of its bishops he is styled from the territory occupied by his see, + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">the Bishop + of Cineal-Eoghain</span></span>. His death is marked in our annals on + the 10th of February, 1173/4.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Amlaf O'Coffy + succeeded the same year, and is also eulogized <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page354">[pg 354]</span><a name="Pg354" id="Pg354" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> by our annalists as <span class= + "tei tei-q">“a shining light, illuminating both clergy and + people”</span>. He was translated to Armagh in 1184, but died the + following year. Our ancient records add that <span class= + "tei tei-q">“his remains were brought with great solemnity to Derry + and interred at the feet of his predecessor”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Florence + O'Cherballen next governed the see, from 1185 to 1230; whilst the + episcopate of his successor, Friar German O'Cherballen, embraced well + nigh half a century, extending from 1230 to his death in 1279. It was + during the administration of this last-named bishop that the + episcopal see was once more definitively fixed in Derry. The Holy + See, by letter of 31st May, 1247, commissioned the Bishop of Raphoe, + the Abbot of the monastery of SS. Peter and Paul in Armagh, and the + Prior of Louth, to investigate the reasons set forth by Dr. Germanus + for abandoning the church of Rathlure. The following extract from the + Papal letter preserves to us the chief motive thus alleged by Bishop + Germanus:</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Cum villa + Rathlurensis pene sit inaccessibilis propter montana, nemora et + paludes, quibus est undique circumcincta, aliasque propter + sterilitatem ipsius et necessariorum defectum nequeat ibi dictus + Episcopus vel aliquis de suis canonicis residere, nec clerus ejusdem + dioecesis illuc convenire ad synodum et ad alia quae saepius + expedirent praefatus episcopus nobis humiliter supplicavit ut + utilitatibus Rathlurensis Ecclesiae, ac cleri ejusdem misericorditer + providentes sedem ipsam reduci ad locum pristinum Darensem villam + videlicet de benignitate Sedis Apostolicae + faceremus</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Mon. Vatic.</span></span> + <span style="font-size: 90%">pag. 48).</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was also added + by Dr. O'Cherballen, that his predecessor, O'Coffy, had himself been + born in Rathlure, and that it was through love for his native + district he had, by his own authority, transferred the episcopal seat + from Derry to Rathlure (illectus natalis soli dulcedine transtulit + motu propriae voluntatis).</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The appointed + deputies approved of the resolution taken by Bishop Germanus, and a + few years later (1254), in reply to the Chapter of Derry, the same + Pope Innocent IV. thus confirmed this translation of the see:</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Cum, sicuti ex + tenore vestrae petitionis accepimus, sedes + Anichlucensis</span><a id="noteref_1" name="noteref_1" href= + "#note_1"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">1</span></span></a><span style="font-size: 90%">Ecclesiae + de speciali mandato nostro et assensu etiam venerabilis fratris + nostri Archiepiscopi Armachani loci metropolitani ad Darensem + Ecclesiam sit translata, nos vestris supplicationibus inclinati + translationem hujusmodi, sicut provide facta est, et in + alicujus</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page355">[pg + 355]</span><a name="Pg355" id="Pg355" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">praejudicium non + redundat, ratam et firmam habentes, eam auctoritate Apostolica + confirmamus. Datum Neapoli, secundo Nonas Novembris, Pontificatus + nostri anno duodecimo</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ibid.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + 64).</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">By a previous + letter he had, as early as the first of July in the fourth year of + his pontificate, in anticipation of this translation of the see, + granted to the chapter of the diocese of Derry the same privileges, + indulgences, and other special favours which it had hitherto enjoyed + in Rathlure (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Ib.</span></span>, pag. 48).</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The successor of + Bishop Germanus was Florence O'Cherballen, who held the see from 1279 + to 1293. Five other bishops then came in rapid succession. Henry of + Ardagh, from 1294 to 1297; Geoffry Melaghlin, from 1297 to 1315; Hugh + or Odo O'Neal, from 1316 to 1319; Michael Melaghlin, from 1319 to + about 1330; and Maurice, from about 1330 to 1347.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the death of + the last-named bishop, a Dominican, by name Symon, was appointed by + Pope Clement VI. to rule the See of Derry. He had indeed already been + nominated by brief, dated the 5th of the Ides of May, 1347, to the + diocese of Clonmacnoise, but the aged and infirm bishop of that see, + who was reported to have passed to a better life, was not yet + deceased, and hence, on the vacancy of Derry, Bishop Symon was, by + brief of 18th December, 1347, appointed successor of St. Eugene. From + the first brief, which nominated him to Clonmacnoise, we learn that + Friar Symon was Prior of the Dominican fathers of Roscommon, and was + remarkable for his zeal, his literary proficiency, and his manifold + virtues. The brief of his appointment to Derry adds the following + particulars:</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Dudum ad + audientiam apostolatus nostri relatione minus vera perlata, quod + Ecclesia Cluanensis per obitum Venerabilis fratris nostri Henrici + Episcopi Cluanensis qui in partibus illis decessisse dicebatur, + vacabat: Nos credentes relationem hujusmodi veram esse, de te ordinis + fratrum Praedicatorum professore eidem Ecclesiae duximus providendum, + praeficiendo te illi in Episcopum et pastorem: et subsequenter per + Ven. fratrem nostrum Talayrandum Episcopum Albanensem tibi apud sedem + Apostolicam fecimus munus consecrationis impendi. Cum autem sicut + postea vera relatio ad nos perduxit praefatus Henricus tempore + provisionis hujus modi ageret, sicut agere dignoscitur, in humanis, + tu nullius Ecclesiae Episcopus remansisti. Postmodum vero Ecclesia + Darensi, per obitum bonae memoriae Mauricii Episcopi Darensis qui + extra Romanam curiam diem clausit extremum, pastoris solatio + destitute, Nos ... cupientes talem eidem Darensi Ecclesiae praeesse + personam quae sciret, vellet et posset eam in suis manutenere juribus + ac etiam adaugere, ipsamque praeservare a noxiis et adversis, post + deliberationem quam super his cum fratribus nostris habuimus + diligentem, demum ad te consideratis grandium virtutum meritis, + quibus personam tuam Dominus insignivit, convertimus oculos nostræ + mentis, etc. Datum Avinione</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page356">[pg 356]</span><a name="Pg356" id="Pg356" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">XV. Kalend. + Januarii Pontif. Nostri anno octavo</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Mon. + Vatic.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, pag. 292).</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Bishop Symon seems + to have held the see till the close of this century, and the next + bishop that we find was John, Abbot of Moycoscain, or <span lang="la" + class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="la"><span style= + "font-style: italic">de claro fonte</span></span>, who was appointed + to Derry by brief of Pope Boniface IX. on 19th August, 1401. Of his + immediate successors we know little more than the mere names. William + Quaplod, a Carmelite and a distinguished patron of literary men, died + in 1421. Donald for ten years then ruled the diocese, and resigned in + 1431; his successor, John, died in 1456. A Cistercian monk, named + Bartholomew O'Flanagan, next sat in the see for five years; and + Nicholas Weston, a canon of Armagh, who was consecrated its bishop in + 1466, held it till his death in 1484.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Donald O'Fallon, + an Observantine Franciscan, was advanced to this see by Pope Innocent + VIII. on the 17th of May, 1485: <span class="tei tei-q">“he was + reckoned a man of great reputation in his time for learning, and a + constant course of preaching through all Ireland, which he continued + for full thirty years”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Ware</span></span>). He died in the year + 1500.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">James Mac Mahon is + the first bishop whose name appears in the sixteenth century. He was + Commendatory Prior of the Abbey of SS. Peter and Paul, at Knock, in + the county Louth, and died in December, 1517.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">William Hogeson, + which is probably a corruption of the Irish name <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">O'Gashin</span></span>, + was appointed his successor by Pope Leo X. on 8th of August, 1520. He + belonged to the order of St. Dominic, and seems to have administered + the see till 1529.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Roderick or Rory + O'Donnell, Dean of Raphoe, was chosen by Pope Clement VII., on 19th + September, 1529, to occupy the see of Derry. This bishop was very + much opposed to the religious innovations which Henry VIII. + endeavoured to introduce into the Irish Church. In the <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">State + Papers</span></span> (vol. i. pag. 598) there is a letter dated 14th + March, 1539, and addressed by Lord Cromwell to the English king, in + which the following eulogy is passed on Dr. O'Donnell: <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Also there be letters long from an arrant traitor, + Rorick, Bishop of Derry, in your grace's land of Ireland, his hand + and great seal at it, to the Bishop of Rome, declaring the calamities + of the Papists in Ireland”</span>. It was in the preceding year that + Bishop Roderick had mortally offended the agents of King Henry by his + efforts to preserve from their grasp the youthful Gerald, who, though + yet in his boyhood, was chief of the Geraldines, and destined, it was + hoped, to become one day the rallying point of a confederacy of the + Irish chieftains. In the month of May Gerald and his faithful escort + passed without <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page357">[pg + 357]</span><a name="Pg357" id="Pg357" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + molestation from the south to the north of Ireland, being hospitably + received in Thomond, Galway, and Sligo; and they were safely + entrenched within the barriers of Tyrconnell before the government + spies had even caught the intelligence of this journey. On the 28th + of June the Earl of Ormonde wrote a long letter to the council of + Ireland, giving information of the movements of young Gerald. From + this letter we learn that it was an Irish rhymist that acted as his + spy amongst the Northern chieftains, and that, according to the + latest intelligence received from him, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“twenty-four horsemen, well apparrelled”</span>, had been + appointed to wait upon the young Geraldine. The King of Scotland, + too, solicited the Irish princes to commit Gerald to his care. + However, in another letter, of 20th July, the same earl writes that + this scheme was not pleasing to O'Neil and O'Donnell, but + <span class="tei tei-q">“the Bishop O'Donnell (of Derry), James + Delahoyde, Master Levrous, and Robert Walshe, are gone as messengers + to Scotland, to pray aid from the Scottish king; and before their + going, all the gentlemen of Ulster, for the most part, promised to + retain as many Scots as they should bring with them, at their own + expense and charges during the time of their service in + Ireland”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">St. Pap.</span></span>, iii. 52). Another + information further states that as a Christmas present in December, + 1538, Art Oge O'Toole had sent to Gerald <span class="tei tei-q">“a + saffron shirt trimmed with silk, and a mantle of English cloth + fringed with silk, together with a sum of money”</span>—(<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Ibid.</span></span>, + pag. 139). And a few months later Cowley writes from Dublin to the + English court, that <span class="tei tei-q">“there never was seen in + Ireland so great a host of Irishmen and Scots, both of the out isles + and of the mainland of Scotland; whilst at the same time the + pretended Earl of Desmond has all the strength of the + west”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Ibid.</span></span>, pag. 145). It is not + necessary to pursue the subsequent events of this confederacy, as we + have no express documents to attest the share taken in it by the + Bishop of Derry. One further fact alone connected with our great + prelate has been recorded by our annalists, and it, too, regards the + closing scene of his eventful life, viz., that before his death he + wished to become a member of the Franciscan order, and dying on the + 8th of October, 1550, <span class="tei tei-q">“he was buried in the + monastery of Donegal in the habit of St. + Francis”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Four Mast.</span></span>, v. 1517).</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Eugene Magennis, + the next bishop, governed the see from 1551 to 1568. It was during + his episcopate that the venerable church and monastery of St. + Colomba, together with the town of Derry, were reduced to a heap of + ruins. The fact is thus narrated by Cox: <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Colonel Saintlow succeeded Randolph in the command of + the garrison, and lived as quietly as could be desired; for the + rebels were so daunted by the former defeat that they did not dare to + make any new attempt; but unluckily, on the 24th <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page358">[pg 358]</span><a name="Pg358" id="Pg358" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> day of April (1566), the ammunition took + fire, and blew up both the town and the fort of Derry, whereby twenty + men were killed, and all the victuals and provisions were destroyed, + and no possibility left of getting more, so that the soldiers were + necessitated to embark for Dublin”</span>—(<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Hist.</span></span>, + part i. pag. 322). This disaster was regarded at the time as a divine + chastisement for the profanation of St. Columba's church and cell, + the latter being used by the heretical soldiery as a repository of + ammunition, whilst the former was defiled by their profane + worship—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">O'Sulliv.</span></span>, pag. 96).</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The next bishop + was Raymond O'Gallagher, who, when receiving the administration of + the see of Killala, in 1545, is described in the Consistorial Acts as + <span class="tei tei-q">“clericus dioecesis Rapotensis in + vigesimotertio anno constitutus”</span>. It was also commanded that + after four years, <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">i.e.</span></span> when he would have attained + his twenty-seventh year, he should be consecrated Bishop of Killala. + In 1569, he was translated from that see to Derry, which he ruled + during the many perils and persecutions of Elizabeth's reign, till, + as Mooney writes, <span class="tei tei-q">“omnium Episcoporurm + Europae ordinatione antiquissimus”</span>, he died, full of years, on + the 15th of March in 1601. In a government memorial of 28th July, + 1592, Dr. O'Gallagher is thus noticed: <span class="tei tei-q">“First + in Ulster is one Redmondus O'Gallagher, Bishop of Derry.... The said + Bishop O'Gallagher hath been with divers governors of that land upon + protection, and yet he is supposed to enjoy the bishoprick and all + the aforesaid authorities these xxvi years and more, whereby it is to + be understood that he is not there as a man without authority and + secretly kept”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Kilken. Proceedings</span></span>, May, 1856, + pag. 80). The xxvi of this passage has led many into error as to the + date of Dr. O'Gallagher's appointment to Derry, which, reckoning back + from 1592, should be placed in 1567. However, that numeral probably + is a misprint for xxiii, such mistakes being very frequent in the + mediaeval manuscripts, as well as in more modern publications. The + following extract from the papers of Cardinal Morone in the Vatican + archives, will serve to show that in 1569 the see was vacant by the + death of Bishop Eugenius:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Litterae + Reverendissimi Armachani ad Patrem Polancum: Quod Daniel ab ipso + nominatus fiat Episcopus Darensis: contentio de Episcopatu + Clogherensi inter duos, videtur ponendus tertius: Rapotensis et + Darensis non iverunt ad concilium Provinciale propter bella: + Archiepiscopus Armacanus haberet suam Ecclesiam si vellet consentire + Reginae: posset mitti subsidium pro Armachano ad Praesidentem + Collegii Lovaniensis: Archiepiscopus Armachanus male tractatur in + carceribus</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This minute of + Cardinal Morone bears no date, but is registered with a series of + papers of 1568 and 1569. The Father <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page359">[pg 359]</span><a name="Pg359" id="Pg359" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> Polanco to whom the Primate's letter was + addressed, was the Procurator-General of the Society of Jesus, and + was the same who was deputed to be bearer of the blessing of the Holy + Father to the dying founder of that great order. To the preceding + <span class="tei tei-foreign"><span style= + "font-style: italic">minute</span></span> are added the following + remarks, which seem to have been presented to the Cardinal by Father + Polanco:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Archiepiscopus Armachanus scribit expedire ut + tertius nominetur Episcopus pro Clogherensi Dioecesi, non tamen favet + Domino Milero. Causa posset committi in partibus D. Episcopo + Accadensi et aliquibus aliis comprovincialibus + Episcopis.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Episcopatus Darensis in dicta Provincia Armachana + vacat nunc per obitum Eugenii ultimi Episcopi. Duo Hiberni dictae + Dioecesis pro eo obtinendo venerunt ad curiam: viz. Cornelius + O'Chervallan cum quibusdam litteris Patris David Wolff et cum aliis + Rectoris Lovanii. Item Magonius (Mac Mahon) Abbas commendatus + litteris Episcoporum Rapotensis et Kilmorensis cum approbatione + capituli Darensis</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">.</span></p> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Dr. O'Gallagher, + however, was the person chosen by the Holy See, and was proclaimed in + consistory before the close of 1569. A few years later we find + faculties communicated to him by Rome for his own diocese, and for + the whole province of Armagh, <span class="tei tei-q">“quamdiu + venerabilis frater Richardus Archiepiscopus Armachanus impeditus a + Dioecesi et Provincia Armachana abfuerit”</span>—(13 April, 1575, + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Ex. Secret. + Brev.</span></span>). About 1594 other special faculties were again + communicated to him through Cardinal Allan—(ap. <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">King, + Hist.</span></span>, pag. 1213); and we soon after meet with him in + the camp of O'Donnell, when that chieftain was gathering his forces + to cut short the military career of General Norris: <span class= + "tei tei-q">“There were there”</span>, writes O'Sullivan, + <span class="tei tei-q">“some ecclesiastics, and especially Raymond + O'Gallagher, Bishop of Derry, and Vice-Primate of Ireland, who + absolved from the excommunication which they had incurred, those + troops that passed from the Elizabethan ranks to the Catholic + army”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hist. Cath.</span></span>, p. 181). It was in + 1596 that Norris set out with about 10,000 men to invade North + Connaught and Tyrconnell. That general was flushed with his victories + in France and Belgium, nevertheless he was obliged to ignominiously + retreat from the Ulster frontiers, being unable even to bring to + battle the chosen army of 5,000 men which was led by the brave + O'Donnel.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the 22nd of + July, 1597, an Irishman named Bernard O'Donnell was arrested at + Lisle, and brought before the royal court, accused of carrying on + treasonable intercourse with the Spanish government, and of being + bearer of despatches from the Irish bishops and chieftains to the + authorities in Spain and Rome. From one of the questions proposed to + him at his cross-examination, <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page360">[pg 360]</span><a name="Pg360" id="Pg360" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> we glean some further particulars connected + with our Bishop of Derry:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Respondes tibi + nulla fuisse negotia ab Hibernis commissa: et tamen reperimus prae + manibus tuis litteras cujusdam Gabrielis Vasci (Vasquez), Theologi + Societatis Jesu ex Hispania decimo die mensis Junii superioris (1596) + scriptis Romam ad Franciscum Rodrigum (Rodriquez) Societatis Jesu, + quibus te illi unice commendat scribitque te eo profecturum fuisse + negotiorum publicorum causa. Simul etiam invenimus exemplum manu tua + scriptum epistolae cujusdam a Remundo Derensi Episcopo ad summum + Pontificem, ex qua apparet, te, post tuum ex Hispania ad Hibernos + reditum, nobiles Hibernos firmasse et illis animum addidisse ad arma + suscipienda contra Reginam Angliae: idemque rogat summum Pontificem, + ut tibi fidem adhibeat in multis quae illi dicenda tibi commisit. + Invenimus etiam prae manibus tuis exemplum litterarum manu tua + exaratum quibus O'Nellus ille summum Pontificem rogat ut tibi fidem + adhibeat non modo in his quae illi dicturus eras de beneficiorum + Ecclesiasticorum dispensatione apud Hibernos, sed etiam de omnibus + rebus publicis Hibernorum?</span> <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Resp.</span></span> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Agnosco equidem illa omnia exemplaria + litterarum fuisse mea manu scripta: sed ad cumulandam + commendationem meam</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">.</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Fortunately, + appended to this examination, the letter itself of the Bishop of + Derry has been preserved to us. We present it in full to the reader, + as it is the only letter of this great bishop that the calamitous era + of persecution has permitted to reach us:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Copie de lettre escrite au Pape par Remond Derensis + Episcopus.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Tuam Sanctitatem latere non arbitramur quam alacri + et excelso animo nostrae nobilitatis praecipui, Sancti haud dubie + Spiritus instinctu, tyrannicae Anglorum pravitati ausi sunt + resistere: omnem ipsorum virulentiam et Satanici furoris artificia, + aperto marte viriliter irritando. Tametsi quis facile enumeret quae + quotidie volvantur et emergant quibus ut animum adderet, ipsosque + in hoc pulcherimo instituto spe subsidii confirmaret, + stabiliretque, cum lator praesentium N. (</span><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">sic.</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">) ex Hispania novissime venisset, cuncta ita uti + sunt Catholicae majestati fideliter relaturus, volumus atque + monemus ut Tua quoque Sanctitas fidem incunctanter eidem adhibeat; + ac luctuosae tuae Hiberniae et innumeris cladibus ab haereticis + jamdiu afflictae, squalidam ac funestam faciem benigno vultu + aspiciat et egregiam hanc occasionem divinitus, ut credimus, + oblatam opportune arripiat, memor quam eadem esse soleat occipiti + calvo: suisque fidelissimis non modo ab ineunte Christianismo + clientibus, sed ab aliquot annorum centuriis regio jure subditis, + quam maturee poterit clementer prospiciat, ac expectationis nostrae + ac Tabellarii, cui pleraque Tuae Sanctitati nuncianda relinquimus, + desiderio satisfaciat: cujus etiam nos, generis, industriae, + nobilitatis, ac sinceri et vehementis in religionem et patriam + affectus, rationem habentes, Tuam oramus Sanctitatem ut eundem + benigno favore prosequatur, ipsique de dignitate</span> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">N.</span></span> <span style= + "font-size: 90%">providere non cunctetur nostrum in hac</span> + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page361">[pg 361]</span><a name= + "Pg361" id="Pg361" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style= + "font-size: 90%">re judicium auctoritate sua + comprobando</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">St. + Pap.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, Public Rec. Off. + London).</span></p> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">With this evidence + before him, the reader may fully appreciate the favourite modern + theory of the defenders of the Protestant Establishment, that, + forsooth, the Irish bishops during Elizabeth's reign abandoned the + faith of their fathers, and became liege servants of the church by + law established! Dr. Cotton when speaking of our see makes a somewhat + more reserved, but equally erroneous statement: <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Redmond O'Gallagher”</span>, he says, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“was bishop at this time, but whether recognised as such + by Queen Elizabeth and the Protestant Church <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">does not + appear</span></em>”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Fasti</span></span>, iii. 315). Why, it does + appear as plainly as the noon-day sun that he was the determined + enemy of the Protestant queen and her establishment: throughout his + whole episcopate he was a devoted pastor of the Catholic Church, and + thus his fidelity and devotion to the cause of God merited for him in + death the martyr's crown. First on the list of those who suffered for + the faith during the reign of Elizabeth is reckoned by Dr. Mathews, + Archbishop of Dublin, in 1623, <span class="tei tei-q">“Redmondus + Galluthurius Darensis Episcopus et Martyr”</span>—(<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Relat. ad. S. C. de + Prop. Fid.</span></span>) Mooney, writing in 1617, also styles him a + martyr: <span class="tei tei-q">“Episcopus Redmondus Gallaher martyr + obiit anno 1601”</span>; and O'Sullivan Beare, about the same time, + adds some of the circumstances of his death: <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Raymundus O'Gallacher”</span>, he writes, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Derii vel Luci Episcopus, ab Anglis bipennibus + confessus, et capite truncatus annum circiter octogesimum + agens”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hist. Cath.</span></span>, pag. 77). The Four + Masters (ad an. 1601) also mention his being put to death by the + English; and Rothe reckons him amongst those who suffered for the + faith. Tradition still points out the spot on which the venerable + bishop was slain, almost midway on the high road between O'Kane's + Castle and Dungiven. (See Dr. Kelly's <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Essays</span></span>, + with the additions of Dr. M'Carthy: Dublin, 1864, pag. 425).</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It now only + remains to notice some few popular errors connected with this + see.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">1. On account of + the old Latin form of the name of this see, <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">i.e.</span></span> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Darensis</span></span>, it has frequently been + confounded with the Diocese of Kildare. Thus, not to mention more + recent examples, Ware severely criticises Bale of Ossory for falling + into this mistake—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Bishops</span></span>, pag. 190). The chief + criterion for distinguishing between the two sees, is the mention + which is generally made of the metropolitan to whom the brief is + addressed, or of the ecclesiastical province to which the diocese + belongs.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">2. Dr. King + notices as an improbability that O'Gallagher could have been bishop + for fifty-two years, and, nevertheless, be only (as Dr. King + imagines) seventy years of age at his death. However, true dates are + sure always to mutually correspond. <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page362">[pg 362]</span><a name="Pg362" id="Pg362" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> Referring to the Consistorial Acts, cited + above, it appears that in 1545 Dr. O'Gallagher was in his + twenty-third year, and that a dispensation was then granted to him to + be consecrated bishop in his twenty-seventh year: hence, at his death + in 1601, Dr. O'Gallagher may very well have attained the fifty-second + year of his Episcopate, whilst he will be found, not indeed in his + seventieth year, but, as O'Sullivan writes, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“circa octogesimum annum agens”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">3. The succession + of bishops in the See of Derry affords a practical refutation of the + novel theory so fashionable now-a-days amongst the clergy of the + Establishment, that forsooth the native clergy without hesitation + embraced the tenets of Henry VIII. and Elizabeth, and that the + Catholic Church was only upheld in our island <span class= + "tei tei-q">“by begging friars and foreign priests”</span>. We pray + the reader whenever he hears such a statement made, to call to mind + the See of Derry. Was Roderick, <span class="tei tei-q">“the arrant + traitor”</span>, in the days of King Henry, a <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">foreign + priest</span></em> and a stranger to our island? Was Raymond + O'Gallagher a foreigner during Elizabeth's reign? Oh! ask the + faithful of Innishowen, amongst whom he first exercised his sacred + ministry—ask the camps of Maguire, O'Donnell, and O'Neill! Ask, too, + the very enemies of our holy faith, the first founders of the + Protestant Establishment: their deeds will tell you that he was the + true pastor of the fold, and hence they set a price upon his head, + and at length conferred on him the martyr's crown.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There was, + however, one foreign prelate who received an appointment in Derry at + this period, and he was precisely <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">the first</span></em> + and <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">only</span></em> Protestant nominee to this see + during Elizabeth's reign. <span class="tei tei-q">“To the two + northern sees of Raphoe and Derry”</span>, writes Dr. Mant, + <span class="tei tei-q">“Elizabeth made no collation, unless in the + year 1595, when her reign was drawing towards its + close”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hist.</span></span>, i. 284). George Montgomery, + a Scotchman, was the individual thus chosen to be the first + representative of the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Establishment</span></em> in our northern sees. + His patent for the sees of Clogher, Derry, and Raphoe, was dated the + 13th of June, 1595, where already for many years a canonically + appointed bishop ruled the fold of Christ. The good sense, however, + of the Knoxian reformer judged it more prudent not to risk himself + and family amidst the O'Kanes whilst arms were in the hands of the + Irish chieftains: he hence consigned to oblivion his royal patent, + and allowed the Irish pastors to feed in peace their spiritual fold. + Even when, in 1605, he sought for a new appointment to these sees at + the hands of King James, as we learn from Mant, Ware, and other + Protestant authorities, he took care to make no allusion to the writ + which he had formerly received in the thirty-seventh year of + Elizabeth.</p> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page363">[pg 363]</span><a name= + "Pg363" id="Pg363" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc3" id="toc3"></a> <a name="pdf4" id="pdf4"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Dr. Colenso And The Old Testament. No. + II.</span></h1> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Colenso + controversy has entered on a new phase. It appears we must no longer + speak of Dr. Colenso as the Protestant Bishop of Natal. He enjoyed + this title indeed for a time, in virtue of letters patent issued by + the supreme head of the Established Church. But the judicial + committee of her Majesty's privy council has sat in judgment on her + Majesty's letters patent, and has just pronounced that they are + invalid and without effect in law; that her Majesty had assumed a + prerogative which did not belong to her, and had been guilty in fact, + though inadvertently, of an illegal aggression upon the rights of her + colonists.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The history of + this remarkable decision may be told in a few words. Dr Colenso was + appointed to the See of Natal in the year 1853. In the same year, Dr. + Gray, as Bishop of Cape Town, was invested by royal letters patent + with metropolitan jurisdiction over Dr. Colenso and the diocese of + Natal. Ten years passed away, and each in his own sphere exercised + the authority which he was supposed to have received from the crown. + At length Dr. Colenso's book appears, and a charge of heresy is + preferred against him. The charge is entertained by the supposed + metropolitan, who sets up a court, proceeds to try the cause, and + finally, in December, 1863, delivers his sentence. By this sentence + Dr. Colenso is deprived of his see, and forbidden to exercise his + sacred functions within the ecclesiastical province of Cape Town. The + deposed bishop refuses to acknowledge the jurisdiction of the court, + and appeals to the privy council. The controversy was thus reduced to + a simple question of law,—was Dr. Gray legally possessed of those + metropolitan rights to which he laid claim? To this question the + judicial committee of the privy council has given a clear and + decisive answer. When a colony is once endowed with legislative + institutions of its own, the crown no longer possesses any authority + to create sees or to confer ecclesiastical jurisdiction. Now in the + two colonies of Cape Town and Natal an independent legislature had + been established in the year 1850; and therefore the letters patent + of 1853 were null and void in law. Hence it follows that, according + to English law, Dr. Gray was never in point of fact the Metropolitan + of Cape Town; but neither was Dr. Colenso the Bishop of Natal.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thus has Dr. + Colenso pulled down the whole edifice of the English colonial + episcopate. Like Sampson of old, he has been, indeed, avenged upon + his enemies, but he has been himself crushed beneath the ruins he has + made. Yet, though his jurisdiction <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page364">[pg 364]</span><a name="Pg364" id="Pg364" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> as a bishop may be taken away, his moral power + and his influence are increased. He now appears not only as an + eminent leader of the free-thinking and infidel school of theology, + but as a martyr who has suffered in the cause; and this new character + gives him an additional claim to the sympathy and veneration of his + followers. When the youthful plant is checked in its upward growth by + the skilful knife of the gardener, it puts forth new branches on + every side, and flourishes with increased luxuriance. And so, + according to every human probability, the check which Dr. Colenso has + received will but promote the rapid expansion of his views, and their + dissemination throughout the Protestant Church. It is therefore all + the more important for those who defend the cause of truth to refute + his charges against the Bible, and to lay bare the sophistry of his + arguments. Let us take the following example:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">And + Jehovah spake unto Moses, saying, ... Gather thou the congregation + together unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation. And + Moses did as Jehovah commanded him. And the assembly was gathered + unto the door of the tabernacle of the + congregation</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Lev.</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">, viii. 1-4).</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">First, it appears to be certain that by the + expressions used so often, here and elsewhere,</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">the assembly</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">,</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">the whole + assembly</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">,</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">all the + congregation</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, is + meant the whole body of the people—at all events, the</span> + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">adult males in the prime of + life</span></em> <span style="font-size: 90%">among them—and not + merely the</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">elders</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">or</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">heads of the + people</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, as some have + supposed, in order to escape from such difficulties as that which + we are now about to consider. At any rate, I cannot, with due + regard to the truth, allow myself to believe, or attempt to + persuade others to believe, that such expressions as the above can + possibly be meant to be understood of the elders + only....</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">This vast body of people, then, received on this + occasion, and on other similar occasions, as we are told, an + express command from Jehovah himself, to assemble</span> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">at the door + of the tabernacle of the congregation</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">. We + need not press the word</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">all</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span> <span style="font-size: 90%">so as + to include every individual man of this number. Still the + expression</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">all the + congregation</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + the</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">whole + assembly</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, must + be surely understood to imply the</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">main body</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">of those who were able to attend, + especially when summoned thus solemnly by the direct voice of + Jehovah himself. The</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">mass</span></em> <span style= + "font-size: 90%">of these 603,550 men</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">ought</span></em><span style= + "font-size: 90%">, we must believe, to have obeyed such a command, + and hastened to present themselves at the</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">door of the tabernacle of the + congregation</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">....</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Now the whole width of the</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">tabernacle</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">was 10 cubits, or 18 feet, ... and its + length was 30 cubits, or 54 feet, as may be gathered from</span> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Exodus</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + xxvi. Allowing two feet in width for each full-grown man, nine men + could just have</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page365">[pg + 365]</span><a name="Pg365" id="Pg365" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">stood in front of + it. Supposing, then, that</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">all the congregation</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">of + adult males in the prime of life had given due heed to the divine + summons, and had hastened to take their stand, side by side, as + closely as possible, in front, not merely of the</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">door</span></em><span style= + "font-size: 90%">, but of the whole</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">end</span></em> <span style= + "font-size: 90%">of the tabernacle in which the door was, they + would have reached, allowing 18 inches between each rank of nine + men, for a distance of more than 100,000 feet, in fact + nearly</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">twenty + miles</span></em><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—(Part + i. pp. 31,33).</span></p> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Dr. Colenso revels + in figures. When he sets about a problem he delights to look at it + from every point of view, and to work out his sum in a variety of + ways. By a very simple process of multiplication and addition he has + here proved that the Scripture narrative is quite ridiculous and + absurd. Yet he is not content. He must lead his readers to the same + conclusion by another process:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">As the text says distinctly</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">at the door of the tabernacle</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, they + must have come</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">within the + court</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">. And this, indeed, was + necessary for the purpose for which they were summoned on this + occasion, namely, to witness the ceremony of the consecration of + Aaron and his sons to the priestly office. This was to be performed + inside the tabernacle itself, and could only, therefore, be seen by + those standing at the door....</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">But how many would the</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">whole court</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">have contained? Its area (60 yards by + 30 yards) was 1,800 square yards, and the area of the tabernacle + itself (18 yards by 6 yards) was 108 square yards. Hence the area + of the court outside the tabernacle was 1,692 square yards. But the + whole congregation would have made a body of people nearly twenty + miles—or, more accurately, 33,530 yards—long, and 18 feet or 6 + yards wide; that is to say, packed closely together, they would + have covered an area of 201,180 square yards. In fact the court, + when thronged, could only have held five thousand people; whereas + the able-bodied men alone exceeded six hundred thousand.... It is + inconceivable how, under such circumstances,</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">all the assembly</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + the</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">whole + congregation</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + could have been summoned to attend</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">at the door of the tabernacle</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, by + the express command of Almighty God</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—(pp. + 33, 34).</span></p> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Before we proceed + to examine this singular objection, put forward in so plausible and + popular a form, it may be useful to describe, in a few words, the + general appearance of the tabernacle, and of the court which + surrounded it. Our readers will thus be placed in a position to form + a clear and distinct idea of the difficulty which Dr. Colenso has + raised. And we are satisfied that the more thoroughly it is + understood, the more complete and satisfactory will the explanation + be found.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The court of the + tabernacle was an oblong rectangle, one hundred <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page366">[pg 366]</span><a name="Pg366" id="Pg366" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> cubits<a id="noteref_2" name="noteref_2" + href="#note_2"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">2</span></span></a> in + length, from east to west, and fifty cubits in breadth, from north to + south. This space was enclosed by hangings of fine twisted linen, + supported by sixty pillars, to which they were attached by hooks and + fillets of silver. The entrance to the court was at the eastern end; + it was twenty cubits in width; and across the opening was suspended a + curtain, embroidered with fancy needlework, and rich with gorgeous + colours.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Within the court, + and towards the western end, was erected the tabernacle. It was + simply a large tent, constructed with elaborate care, and formed of + costly materials. Like the court in which it was placed, it was an + oblong rectangle, being thirty cubits in length and ten cubits in + breadth. The walls were of setim or acacia wood; the roof of fine + linen, covered with curtains of goats' hair and skins. The eastern + end was open, but was furnished with a rich hanging to serve as a + door. Internally the tabernacle was divided by a veil into two + apartments;—the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Holy Place</span></span>, twenty cubits in + length, which contained the golden candlestick, the table of + show-bread, and the altar of incense; and the <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Holy of + Holies</span></span>, ten cubits in length, in which was placed the + ark of the covenant. The <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Holy Place</span></span> was appropriated to the + priests, who entered it twice a day, morning and evening. The + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Holy of + Holies</span></span> was forbidden to all but the high priest alone, + and even he could enter only once a year, on the great day of + atonement.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The argument of + Dr. Colenso is now easily understood. According to the Scripture + narrative, the whole multitude of the Israelites, or at least six + hundred thousand men, were summoned to attend, and actually did + attend, <span class="tei tei-q">“at the door of the + tabernacle”</span>. It follows that they must have stood in a line + eighteen feet broad and twenty miles long, which is perfectly absurd. + Besides, they could not have witnessed the ceremony to which they + were summoned unless they came within the court. But this is an + absolute impossibility, as the court would only hold five thousand + men, even if they were closely packed together.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Here is, indeed, a + very serious charge against the credibility of the Pentateuch. But it + seems to us a charge which, from its very nature, must refute itself. + Dr. Colenso will not deny that the Book of <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Leviticus</span></span> + was written while the tabernacle was still in existence; and that its + author, whoever he may have been, had the tabernacle and its + appurtenances constantly before his eyes. If he was not a truthful + historian, but an impostor, he was certainly <span class="tei tei-pb" + id="page367">[pg 367]</span><a name="Pg367" id="Pg367" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> a most skilful impostor. He must have known + well, all his readers must have known well—quite as well as Dr. + Colenso—that the tabernacle could not hold more than five thousand + people. Now it is perfectly incredible that any man of common sense, + not to say a most clever and successful impostor, under these + circumstances, would have ventured boldly to state that six hundred + thousand persons were gathered within its precincts.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Let us, however, + examine the argument in detail. The foundation on which it rests is + clearly enough stated by Dr. Colenso. <span class="tei tei-q">“It + appears to be certain that by the expressions, used so often here and + elsewhere, <span class="tei tei-q">‘the assembly’</span>, + <span class="tei tei-q">‘the whole assembly’</span>, <span class= + "tei tei-q">‘all the congregation’</span>, is meant the whole body of + the people—at all events, the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">adult males in the prime of life</span></em> + among them—and not merely the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">elders</span></em> or <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">heads of the + people</span></em>”</span>, etc. We deny this assertion. The Hebrew + word עדה (heda), which is here translated the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">assembly</span></em>, + the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">congregation</span></em>, comes from the root + יעד (yahad), <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">to appoint</span></em>, and means literally an + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">assembly + meeting by appointment</span></em>. It is quite true, as Dr. Colenso + contends, that the word is sometimes employed to designate the entire + body of the people. But it is also true, though he ignores the fact, + that it is sometimes applied to a <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">select + few</span></em>, invested with a certain authority and jurisdiction. + We shall be content with submitting to our readers one remarkable + example.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the + thirty-fifth chapter of <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Numbers</span></span> we read of the cities of + refuge. They were to be six in number—three upon each side of the + Jordan; and were intended to afford shelter to those who had + unintentionally shed innocent blood. <span class="tei tei-q">“And + they shall be for you cities for refuge from the avenger; that the + manslayer die not until he stand before the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">assembly</span></em> + (עדה) for <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">judgment</span></em>”</span> (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Numbers</span></span>, + xxxv. 12).<a id="noteref_3" name="noteref_3" href= + "#note_3"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">3</span></span></a> It is + then laid down that if the murder have been deliberate, it shall be + punished with death (16-21). But if the fatal blow have been struck + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">without + enmity</span></em> or <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">premeditation</span></em>, or <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">by chance</span></em> + (22, 23), <span class="tei tei-q">“then the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">assembly</span></em> + (עדה) shall <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">judge</span></em> between the slayer and the + revenger of blood.... And the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">assembly</span></em> (עדה) shall deliver the + slayer out of the hand of the revenger of blood, and the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">assembly</span></em> + (עדה) shall restore him to the city of his refuge”</span> (24, 25). + It is quite impossible to suppose that the judicial tribunal here + spoken of could be the entire body of the people, or even the 600,000 + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page368">[pg 368]</span><a name="Pg368" + id="Pg368" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> male adults. The question to + be tried was one of the highest moment, involving the life or death + of a fellow-citizen. It was also one of extreme delicacy, having to + deal, not with the mere external act, but with the motives and + feelings of the heart. To the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">assembly</span></em> (עדה) it belonged to + pronounce, not merely whether one man had killed another, but whether + in his heart he had <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">committed the crime</span></em> of murder. For + this purpose witnesses should be examined, evidence should be + carefully sifted, and, perhaps, even the domestic secrets of the + accused and of his victim should be laid bare. Was this a task that + could be entrusted to a mixed multitude of 600,000 men?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Accordingly we + find that Rosenmuller, in his commentary on this passage + (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Num.</span></span>, xxxv. 24), explains the + word, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">the + assembly of judges</span></em>—<span class="tei tei-q">“cætus judicum + urbis in cujus agro contigerit homicidium”</span>. If we apply this + interpretation to the passage in <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Leviticus</span></span>, + every shadow of improbability and inconsistency will at once + disappear from the narrative. Now, we ask Dr. Colenso, when a word in + Scriptural usage has two different meanings, which must we choose + when we come to examine a text in which that word is found? Are we to + select the meaning which is in every way suitable to the context and + circumstances; or must we rather adopt an interpretation which will + make the sense absurd and impossible? Dr. Colenso has preferred the + latter course. It appears to us that the former is alone consistent + with the instinct of common sense and the principles of genuine + criticism.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We think our + readers will admit that we have fairly established our point, and + proved that Dr. Colenso's argument is utterly destitute of + foundation. For the ordinary purposes of controversy it would be + unnecessary to go further. But we frankly confess we aim at something + more. We are not content with answering the argument of Dr. Colenso; + we wish to shake his authority as a trustworthy critic. All that he + has written against the Pentateuch is made up of these two + elements—first, the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">meaning</span></em> which he attaches to the + narrative, and, secondly, the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">process of reasoning</span></em> by which he + labours to show that this meaning is inconsistent or impossible. Now + it is plain, from the argument we are considering, that Dr. Colenso + is liable to the grossest errors, not only when he undertakes to + interpret the sacred text, but also when he proceeds to reason on his + own interpretation. If this assertion be established, his authority + can have but little weight.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Let us suppose + then, for a moment, that by the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">assembly</span></em> is meant, in a general way, + the entire people of Israel; does it follow, as Dr. Colenso + maintains, that, according to the narrative, 600,000 men must have + <span class="tei tei-q">“hastened to present themselves at the + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page369">[pg 369]</span><a name="Pg369" + id="Pg369" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> <span class="tei tei-q">‘door + of the tabernacle?’</span> ”</span> We believe it does not. Nay, + more, we believe that the absurdity of Dr. Colenso's opinion is + clearly proved by some of the texts which he has himself adduced. For + instance:—<span class="tei tei-q">“Bring forth the blasphemer out of + the camp ... and let <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">all the assembly</span></em> (עדה) stone + him”</span> (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Lev.</span></span>, xxiv. 14). And again, in the + case of the Sabbath-breaker:—<span class="tei tei-q">“The man shall + be surely put to death; <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">all the assembly</span></em> (עדה) shall stone + him with stones without the camp. And <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">all the + assembly</span></em> (עדה) brought him without the camp, and stoned + him with stones, and he died”</span> (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Num.</span></span>, xv. + 35, 36). No one will maintain that the writer here means to say that + 600,000 men were engaged in carrying the condemned man, or that + 600,000 men threw stones at him. If Dr. Colenso had paused for a + moment to reflect on these texts as he copied them from the Bible, we + are convinced he would have suppressed his foolish argument. Exactly + as it is said that <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">all the assembly</span></em> was gathered into + the door of the tabernacle, so too is it said that <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">all the + assembly</span></em> stoned the blasphemer and the Sabbath-breaker. + In the latter case, it is clear that the number of those who were + actually engaged in carrying out the sentence of God was + comparatively small, but the act is fairly ascribed to the whole + community, because <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">all</span></em> were <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">summoned</span></em> + to take part in it, and those who complied with the summons + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">represented</span></em> those who did not. + Surely there is no reason why we may not apply the same + interpretation to the former passage.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nor is this mode + of speaking peculiar to Sacred Scripture. Every year the members of + the House of Commons are summoned to appear at the bar of the House + of Lords; every year we are told that they obey that summons. Who is + there that questions the truth of this statement? It represents a + fact with which we are all familiar. Yet Dr. Colenso with his rule + and measure will demonstrate that the fact is impossible and the + statement false, because the place in which the Commons are said to + assemble cannot possibly hold one-tenth of their number.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">So much for Dr. + Colenso as an interpreter of the Bible. He is satisfied that if we + accept the narrative we must believe that six hundred thousand men + were gathered unto the door of the tabernacle. We have seen that he + is mistaken; but let us now concede this fact, and let us see how he + proceeds to reason upon it. Since the tabernacle was only eighteen + feet wide, this immense multitude must have stood in a line eighteen + feet in breadth and twenty miles in length. This is certainly a most + extraordinary conclusion. No multitude ever yet stood in such a line; + no multitude <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">could</span></em> stand in such a line unless + they had been specially trained during many years for that purpose. + There is no conceivable reason why the Jews on this occasion should + have stood <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page370">[pg + 370]</span><a name="Pg370" id="Pg370" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> in + such a line. And yet Dr. Colenso will have it that they <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">must</span></em> have + stood in this way, if it be true that they were gathered unto the + door of the tabernacle.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We are tempted to + offer an illustration of the very peculiar manner in which Dr. + Colenso here pursues his critical examination of the Bible. Many of + our readers will remember the 15th of August, 1843. In the + phraseology of Scripture it might be said that upon that day 100,000 + Irishmen were <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">gathered to O'Connell</span></em> on the Hill of + Tara.<a id="noteref_4" name="noteref_4" href="#note_4"><span class= + "tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">4</span></span></a> To the + ordinary reader such a statement would present no insuperable + difficulty. It would convey, indeed, a pretty correct idea of what we + all know actually to have taken place. But when submitted to the + Colenso process, this simple narrative will be found to undergo a + very startling transformation. O'Connell did not occupy a space more + than two feet broad. Therefore there was just room for one full-grown + man to stand in front of him. The second must have stood behind the + first; the third behind the second; and so the whole multitude must + have extended in a single unbroken line over many miles of country. A + little boy at school could tell us that, when we say the multitude + was gathered unto O'Connell, we do not mean that the multitude + occupied a space which was only as broad as O'Connell. Yet Dr. + Colenso maintains that this is the only meaning which the phrase + admits. Such principles would make strange havoc with history.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again, Dr. Colenso + contends that all who were <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">gathered unto the door of the + tabernacle</span></em> <span class="tei tei-q">“must have come + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">within the + court</span></em>”</span>. <span class="tei tei-q">“This, + indeed”</span>, he says, <span class="tei tei-q">“was necessary for + the purpose for which they were summoned on this occasion, namely, to + witness the ceremony of the consecration of Aaron and his sons to the + priestly office”</span>. Now it is nowhere stated that this was, in + point of fact, the purpose for which the people were gathered + together. Certainly, if it were <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">impossible</span></em> they could witness the + ceremony, as Dr. Colenso assures us, we are bound to infer that it + was <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">not</span></em> for this purpose they were + assembled. Nor is it difficult to find another, and quite a + sufficient reason, for gathering the people together on this solemn + occasion. It may have been the design of God that, by their + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">presence</span></em> in and around the court of + the tabernacle, they should make a public profession of their faith, + and formally acknowledge the priesthood of Aaron. Thus, in the + illustration already introduced, it was impossible for 100,000 people + to hear O'Connell speak; but their presence was itself a <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page371">[pg 371]</span><a name="Pg371" id="Pg371" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> public declaration that they adhered to + his principles and accepted him for their leader.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Was it, however, + really impossible that those without the court should witness the + leading features of the ceremony? Certainly not. We must bear in mind + that the court was not enclosed by stone walls, but by hangings of + fine linen. Nothing, therefore, could have been more simple than to + loop up these curtains to the pillars by which they were supported, + and thus to afford a full view of the tabernacle to those who stood + without. Dr. Colenso will probably say that in the scripture + narrative there is no mention of any such arrangement. Neither, we + reply, is it said that those without the court were intended to + witness the ceremony. But if we suppose that this was intended, we + must also suppose that the means were adopted which would make it + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">possible</span></em>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There is yet + another error of Dr. Colenso which we cannot pass by in silence. It + is true, the blunder to which we refer has little to do with his + argument. But it has much to do with the question whether he is a + competent authority on the sacred text, even when he speaks with + special emphasis and with unhesitating confidence. <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Supposing that <span class="tei tei-q">‘all the + congregation’</span> of adult males ... had hastened to take their + stand ... in front, not merely of the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">door</span></em>, but + of the whole <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">end</span></em> of the tabernacle in which the + door was”</span>, etc. It is clear that the writer of this passage + was under the impression (which, indeed, he conveys not only by his + words, but still more by his italics—for they <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">are</span></em> his) + that <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">the + whole end</span></em> of the tabernacle was wider than the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">door</span></em>. Now + if he had taken the pains to read even an English translation of the + sacred book which he so rashly presumed to condemn, he never could + have fallen into so great a mistake. He would have seen that the + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">whole + eastern end</span></em> of the tabernacle was left open, and that the + open space was covered only by a curtain which extended across from + side to side. Consequently, if mention were really made of a door, it + must have been this curtain itself that was called by that name.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But if Dr. Colenso + had gone a little further, and had consulted any Hebrew lexicon, he + would have discovered that the sacred writer does not speak of a + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">door</span></em>, but rather of a <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">doorway</span></em>. + The tabernacle had in fact no <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">door</span></em> properly so called. The word + פתח (<span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang= + "he"><span style="font-style: italic">pethach</span></span>), which + is used by the sacred writers when speaking of the tabernacle, + signifies, as Gesenius explains it, <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">an + opening</span></em>, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">an entrance</span></em>. It means, therefore, + the whole end of the tabernacle, which was left <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">open</span></em> to + the court when the curtain was drawn. In Hebrew the idea of + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">a + door</span></em> is expressed by דלת (<span lang="he" class= + "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">deleth</span></span>). When treating of this + word, Gesenius, having first explained its meaning, pointedly + remarks: <span class="tei tei-q">“It differs from פתח, which denotes + the doorway which the door closes”</span>. It is quite <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page372">[pg 372]</span><a name="Pg372" id="Pg372" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> certain, therefore, that the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">door</span></em> and + the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">whole + end of the tabernacle</span></em>, which Dr. Colenso so emphatically + contrasts, were in reality one and the same thing.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is time, + however, that we pass to another of Dr. Colenso's arguments:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“ </span><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">And the + skin of the bullock, and all his flesh, with his head, and with his + legs, and his inwards, and his dung, even the whole bullock, shall he + (the Priest) carry forth without the camp, unto a clean place, where + the ashes are poured out, and burn him on the wood with fire. Where + the ashes are poured out there shall he be + burned</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Lev.</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">, iv. 11, 12).</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">We have seen that the whole population of Israel + at the exodus may be reckoned at two millions. Now we cannot well + allow for a</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">living</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">man, with room for his cooking, + sleeping, and other necessaries and conveniences of life, less than + three times the space required for a</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">dead</span></em> <span style= + "font-size: 90%">one in his grave.... Let us allow, however, for + each person on the average three times 6 feet by 2 feet, the size + of a coffin for a full-grown man,—that is, let us allow for each + person 36 square feet or 4 square yards. Then it follows that ... + the camp must have covered, the people being crowded as thickly as + possible, an area of 8,000,000 square yards, or more than 1652 + acres of ground.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Upon this very moderate estimate, then (which in + truth is far within the mark), we must imagine a vast encampment of + this extent, swarming with people, more than</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">a + mile and a half across</span></em> <span style="font-size: 90%">in + each direction, with the tabernacle in the centre.... Thus the + refuse of these sacrifices would have had to be carried by the + priest himself (Aaron, Eleazar, or Ithamar,—there were no others) a + distance of three-quarters of a mile....</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">But how huge does this difficulty become, if, + instead of taking the excessively cramped area of 1652 acres, less + than</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">three square + miles</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, for such a camp as + this, we take the more reasonable allowance of Scott, who + says,</span> <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style="font-size: 90%">this + encampment is computed to have formed a moveable city of</span> + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">twelve miles + square</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, that is, about the + size of London itself,</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—as it + well might be, considering that the population was as large as that + of London, and that in the Hebrew tents there were no first, + second, third, and fourth stories, no crowded garrets and + underground cellars. In that case the offal of these sacrifices + would have had to be carried by Aaron himself, or one of his sons, + a distance of six miles.... In fact, we have to imagine the priest + having himself to carry, on his back, on foot, from St. Paul's to + the outskirts of the metropolis, the</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">‘</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">skin, and flesh, and head, and legs, and inwards, + and dung, even the whole bullock</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">’</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">.... + This supposition involves, of course, an absurdity. But it is our + duty to look plain facts in the face</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—(Part + i. pp. 38-40).</span></p> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page373">[pg 373]</span><a name= + "Pg373" id="Pg373" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We agree with Dr. + Colenso that this is a <span class="tei tei-q">“huge + difficulty”</span>, and that the duties of the priest, as described + by him, involve a manifest absurdity. But we contend that the duties + of the priest, as described by him, are not to be found in the + Pentateuch; that <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">all the circumstances</span></em> which + constitute the difficulty and the absurdity are simply <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">additions of his + own</span></em>. This is indeed a serious charge against a writer who + represents himself to the public as an earnest and conscientious + searcher after truth. But we hope to satisfy our readers that it is a + plain and obvious fact; and it is our duty, as Dr. Colenso truly + tells us, <span class="tei tei-q">“to look plain facts in the + face”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is evident that + the whole weight of the objection consists in this: that, according + to the sacred narrative, the priest is commanded, first, to carry the + bullock <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">himself</span></em>; secondly, to carry it + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">on his + back</span></em>; thirdly, in doing so, to <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">go on + foot</span></em>. Now there is not the faintest insinuation in any + text Dr. Colenso has produced, nor, we may add, in any text the + Pentateuch contains, that the priest should <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">go on + foot</span></em>, or that he should carry the bullock <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">on his + back</span></em>. These two ideas are to be found only in the + fanciful and rather irreverent gloss of Dr. Colenso.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Neither is it + commanded in the sacred text that the priest should <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">himself</span></em> + carry the bullock out of the camp. Even in the English translation + there is nothing to imply that he might not, for this duty, employ + the service of his attendant Levites. It is said, indeed, + <span class="tei tei-q">“he shall carry forth the bullock without the + camp”</span>. But by the common use of language we may impute to a + person, as his own, the act which he does by the agency of another. + Thus a minister of state is said to write a letter, when the letter + is written at his direction by his secretary. In the Fourth Book of + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Kings</span></span> it is recorded of + Nabuchodonosor that <span class="tei tei-q">“<em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">he carried away all + Jerusalem</span></em>, and all the princes, and all the valiant men + of the army, to the number of ten thousand, into captivity:... and + the judges of the land he carried into captivity from Jerusalem into + Babylon. And all the strong men, seven thousand, and the artificers + and the smiths a thousand”</span>, etc.—(IV. <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Kings</span></span>, + xxiv. 14-16). No one dreams of any difficulty in a sentence like + this. Yet, if we admit the Colenso system of interpretation, the + difficulty is insuperable, because the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">meaning of the + sentence</span></em> is, that Nabuchodonosor <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">himself</span></em> + carried that immense multitude <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">on his back</span></em> from Jerusalem to + Babylon.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If we now turn to + the Hebrew text we shall find that it is still less favourable to Dr. + Colenso and his <span class="tei tei-q">“huge difficulty”</span>. The + word והוציא (vehotzi), which is there used, literally means + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">and he + shall cause [it] to go forth</span></em>, that is to say, <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">he shall have it + removed</span></em>. This will be at once admitted by every biblical + scholar, and can be made intelligible without much difficulty to the + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page374">[pg 374]</span><a name="Pg374" + id="Pg374" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> general reader. In the Hebrew + language there are several forms of the same verb, sometimes called + conjugations, each of which has a meaning peculiar to itself. The + primitive form is <span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang= + "he"><span style="font-style: italic">kal</span></span>; and the + <span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">hiphil</span></span> form <span class= + "tei tei-q">“denotes the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">causing</span></em> or <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">permitting</span></em> of the action, signified + by the primitive <span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang= + "he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">kal</span></span>”</span>.<a id="noteref_5" + name="noteref_5" href="#note_5"><span class= + "tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">5</span></span></a> For + example: קדש (kadash) in <span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" + xml:lang="he"><span style="font-style: italic">kal</span></span> + signifies <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">to be holy</span></em>; in <span lang="he" + class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">hiphil</span></span>, <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">to cause to be + holy</span></em>, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">to sanctify</span></em>; נטה (natah) in + <span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">kal</span></span> means <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">to bow</span></em>; + in <span lang="he" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">hiphil</span></span>, <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">to cause to + bow</span></em>, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">to bend</span></em>. Now, in the passage quoted + by Dr. Colenso the word והוציא is the <span lang="he" class= + "tei tei-foreign" xml:lang="he"><span style= + "font-style: italic">hiphil</span></span> form of יצא (yatza), + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">to go + forth</span></em>; it therefore means literally <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">to cause to go + forth</span></em>.<a id="noteref_6" name="noteref_6" href= + "#note_6"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">6</span></span></a> We need + scarcely remark that the priest would comply with this injunction + whether he himself in person removed the bullock, or whether he + employed the Levites to do it; whether he carried it on his back, + according to the ridiculous paraphrase of Dr. Colenso, or removed it + in wagons provided for the purpose.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">And now that our + paper approaches to a close, it may be asked what is the result of + our labours, and what has been gained to the cause of truth by all + the minute and tedious details through which we have conducted our + readers? It seems to us that we have directly answered two of Dr. + Colenso's arguments, and that we have moreover established indirectly + a strong presumption against all the rest. Let us put a case to our + readers. A jeweller exhibits for sale a string of pearls. He demands + a very high price, but he pledges his word of honour that the pearls + are of the rarest quality and of the highest excellence. A casual + passer-by is attracted by the glittering gems. He enters the shop; he + listens with eager credulity to the earnest protestations of the + merchant; but he hesitates when the price is named. At this critical + moment a friend arrives, who is happily somewhat versed in jewellery. + He selects one or two pearls from the string, and after a brief + inspection clearly shows, not merely that the price is far beyond + their value, but that they are not pearls at all. What would be + thought of the merchant who had offered them for sale? Who would + frequent his shop? Who would believe <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page375">[pg 375]</span><a name="Pg375" id="Pg375" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> the other pearls to be genuine on the strength + of his protestations? It may be indeed that he is not a swindler; but + if he is an honest man, he is certainly a very indifferent judge of + his business.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now what this + jeweller is in a matter of commerce, such, as it seems to us, has Dr. + Colenso been proved to be in a matter of infinitely greater moment. + He comes before the world with the prestige of a great name and of a + high position. He earnestly announces that he has made a great + discovery, and that he is forced by his conscience to speak out his + mind. He offers to the public an attractive array of brilliant and + plausible arguments; and in return he asks us to surrender the + inestimable treasure of Christian faith. At first we are bewildered + and perplexed by the novelty and variety of his arguments; but after + a little we summon up courage; we select two or three from the + number, and these we submit to a minute and careful analysis. We find + that they are miserably defective and utterly inconclusive. Facts are + misrepresented, the meaning of language is perverted, the principles + of sound reasoning are disregarded. May we not then fairly infer that + Dr. Colenso's earnest protestations of sincerity and good intention + afford a very insufficient guarantee for the accuracy of his + statements and the stability of his arguments? We do not say that he + is dishonest; but we do say that he has proved himself a very + incompetent authority.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc5" id="toc5"></a> <a name="pdf6" id="pdf6"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Blessed Thaddeus M'Carthy.</span></h1> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">[In an article of + the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Record</span></span> for April (page 312), we + briefly referred to a Bishop of Cloyne and Cork who is venerated as + blessed, in Ivrea, a town of Piedmont. In conformity with the few + fragments preserved in the archives of Ivrea and elsewhere regarding + him, we adopted the opinion that his name, according to modern + orthography, should be rendered Thaddeus Maher. Since the publication + of the article just mentioned, a paper containing much valuable + matter has been communicated to us through the great kindness of the + Very Rev. Dr. M'Carthy, the learned Professor of Scripture in + Maynooth College, who had prepared it long before the article in the + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Record</span></span> was published, and before + he could have had any knowledge of our views on this subject. We are + anxious to publish every document that we can find on this + interesting question, in the hope that by discussing it, light may be + thrown on the history of a holy Irish bishop, who is honoured beyond + the Alps, but so little known at home, that there is great difficulty + in determining his real name. In one of our next numbers we shall + return to this subject.]</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page376">[pg + 376]</span><a name="Pg376" id="Pg376" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On June 23rd, + 1847, the Most Rev. Dr. Murray, Archbishop of Dublin, received at + Maynooth a letter covering a bill of exchange for £40 (1,000 francs), + sent for the relief of the famine-stricken poor of Ireland, by order + of the good Bishop of Ivrea. The town of Ivrea (anciently + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Eporedia</span></span>) is the capital of the + Piedmontese province of the same name, which extends from the Po to + the Alps. The province contains a population of over one hundred + thousand, of whom about eight thousand reside in the town, where is + also the bishop's see.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The letter to Dr. + Murray enclosed a separate paper, of which the following is a + copy:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">De Beato Thaddeo Episcopo + Hiberniae.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Anno Domini millesimo quadringentesimo nonagesimo + secundo, die vigesima quarta Octobris, Eporediae (antiquae urbis + Transalpinae in Pedemontio) postremum obiit diem in hospitio + peregrinorum sub titulo Sancti Antonii, quidam viator incognitus; + atque eodem instante lux mira prope lectum in quo jacebat effulsit, + et Episcopo Eporediensi apparuit homo venerandus, Pontificalibus + indumentis vestitus.</span> <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">Thaddeum + Machar</span></span> <span style="font-size: 90%">Hiberniae + Episcopum illum esse innotuit ex chartis quas deferebat, et in + Cathedrali ejus corpus solemni pompa depositum est sub altari, et + in tumulo Sancti Eusebii Episcopi Eporediensis, atque post paucos + dies coepit multa miracula facere.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Acta et documenta ex quibus ejus patria et + character episcopalis tunc innotuerunt, necnon ad patratorum + miraculorum seu prodigiorum memoriam exarata, interierunt occasione + incendii quo seculo xvii. Archivium Episcopale vastatum est. In + quadam charta pergamena caracteribus Gothicis scripta, quae in + Archivio Ecclesiae Cathedralis servatur haec + leguntur:</span></span></p> + + <div class="tei tei-lg" style= + "margin-bottom: 0.90em; margin-top: 0.90em"> + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: left"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Marmoreis + tumulis hoc templo Virginis almae</span></span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Corpora Sanctorum plura sepulta + jacent</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Martinus hic . . . . .</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">. . . . . . . .</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Inde Thaddeus adest, quem misit + Hibernia praesul</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Sospite quo venit saepe petita + salus,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Regia progenies alto de sanguine + Machar,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Quem nostri in Genua nunc Latiique + vocant.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Ingemuit moriens, quem Hiberno + sidere cretum</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Non Cariense tenet, non Clovinense + solum.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Sic visum superis; urbs Eporedia + corpus</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Templo majore marmoreo claudat + opus.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Hic jacet Eusebii testudinis ipse + sacello,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Pauperiem Christi divitis inde + tulit.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Hunc clarum reddunt miracula + sancta: beatus</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Exstat: et in toto dicitur orbe + pius.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Huc quicunque venis, divum + venerare Thaddeum</span> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page377">[pg + 377]</span><a name="Pg377" id="Pg377" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Votaque fac precibus: dicque + viator, Ave.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Mille quadringentos annos tunc + orbis agebat</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Atque Nonagenos: postmodum junge + duos.</span> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Verbis illis</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">solum Cariense</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">vel</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Cloviense</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">et</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Clovinense</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">designari a poeta civitates Hiberniae + in quibus Thaddeus aut natus aut Episcopus fuerit, putandum est, + forsan Clareh, Carrick.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Quamobrem exquiritur utrum in Hibernia habeatur + notitia hujus Episcopi</span> <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">Thaddei + Machar</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">—loci ubi natus + fuerit,—ejus familiae, quae regia seu princeps supponitur in + poesi,—civitatis seu ecclesiae in qua fuerit Episcopus. + Desiderantur quoque notitiae si quae reperiri poterunt et documenta + quibus illius vita et gesta illustrari possint; insuper utrum + labente saeculo xv. aliqua persecutio in Hibernia adversus + Episcopos facta sit, quemadmodum argumentari licet ex quibusdam + Epistolis Innocentii VIII. circa immunitatem + ecclesiasticam</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">.—(</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">End of + paper</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">).</span></p> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As our space + precludes a literal translation of this paper, a summary may be + acceptable to the reader.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the 24th of + October, 1492, died at Ivrea, in St. Antony's Hospice for Pilgrims, + Blessed Thaddeus, an Irish bishop, whose body was deposited under the + high altar of the cathedral, in a shrine over the relics of the holy + patron, St. Eusebius. At the time of death a brilliant light was seen + round his bed, and at the same moment to the Bishop of Ivrea there + appeared a man of venerable mien, clothed in pontifical robes. + Several other miracles were also wrought through his intercession. + The papers found with him showed he was an Irish bishop, and these, + as well as other documents proving his great sanctity, religiously + kept in the episcopal archives, were destroyed by fire in the + seventeenth century. In an old parchment, written in Gothic letters, + still preserved in the archives of the cathedral church, are these + lines:</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <div class="tei tei-lg" style= + "margin-bottom: 0.90em; margin-top: 0.90em"> + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">'Neath marble tombs, in this the + virgin's shrine</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">The bones of many a saint in peace + recline;</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Here martyred . . . . .</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Thaddeus there. From Erin's shore + he came,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">A bishop, of M'Carthy's royal + name.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">At whose behest were wondrous + cures oft made.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Still Latium, Genoa, invoke his + aid.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Dying, he mourned that not on + Irish soil,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Where sped his youth, should close + his earthly toil:</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Nor Cloyne, nor Kerry, but Ivrea + owns</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">(For God so willed) the saintly + bishop's bones.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">'T is meet that they in marble + shrine encased</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Should be within the great + cathedral placed.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Like Christ, whose tomb was for + another made,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">He in Eusebius' cenotaph is + laid.</span> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page378">[pg + 378]</span><a name="Pg378" id="Pg378" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Soon sacred prodigies his power + attest,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">And all the Earth proclaims him + pious, blest.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">O ye who hither come, our saint + assail</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">With prayers and votive gifts; + nor, traveller, fail</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">To greet with reverence the holy + dead.</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Since Christ was born a thousand + years had fled,</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Four hundred then and ninety-two + beside</span> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-l" style="text-align: left"> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Had passed away, when St. Thaddeus + died.</span> + </div> + </div> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Dr. Murray + received the Bishop of Ivrea's letter, he placed it in the hands of + the late venerated President of Maynooth College, from whose MSS. it + is now copied, together with the very literal translation of the + verses made by one of the junior students at the time. Dr. Renehan + undertook to collect all the notices of Blessed Thaddeus in our Irish + annals, and to give the best answers he could to the bishop's + questions. He even visited Ivrea in the summer of 1850, in the hope + of finding traditional records of the life of Blessed Thaddeus, but + to no purpose. He found the task more difficult than might be + expected. All the knowledge regarding the saint's family, see, etc., + that can be gathered from Irish or British sources is found in these + few lines from Ware on the Bishops of Cloyne:</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-q">“<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Thady M'Carthy</span></span> (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">succ.</span></span> + 1490).—Upon the resignation of William, Thady M'Carthy, by some + called Mechar, succeeded the same year by a provision from Pope + Innocent VIII., as may be seen from the <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Collectanea</span></span> of Francis + Harold”</span>—Ware's <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Bishops</span></span> (Harris), p. 563.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Blessed + Thaddeus's name is unhonoured then, in his own country; his + biography, if ever written, is at least not recorded by the Irish + historians. Even the scanty information which the industrious Ware + supplies, was gleaned not from our annals, but from Harold's + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Collectanea</span></span>, probably notes and + extracts taken from documents in the continental libraries. Dr. + Renehan had, therefore, little to add on our saint's life. He was, + however, fully satisfied that Blessed Thaddeus of Ivrea was no other + than the Bishop of Cork and Cloyne, mentioned by Ware. His arguments + may be seen in a rough outline of his answer to the Bishop of Ivrea's + letter, among the O'Renehan MSS. in Maynooth, almost the only + authority we had time to consult for this notice. Sometimes the very + words of the letter are given in inverted commas:—</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I. The Pilgrim of + Ivrea was an Irish bishop who died in the year 1492. <span class= + "tei tei-q">“The most diligent search through our Irish annals will + not discover another bishop to whom even so much of the poet's + description will apply but Thaddeus M'Carthy, Bishop of Cloyne. About + that date there were indeed in Ireland five bishops named Thaddeus: + 1. Thady, Bishop of Kilmore, since <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page379">[pg 379]</span><a name="Pg379" id="Pg379" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> before 1460; but his successor Furseus died in + 1464, and Thomas, the third from him, died before 1492. 2. Thady + M'Cragh, of Killaloe, succeeded in 1430, full sixty years before our + saint's death at Ivrea. His third successor died in 1460. 3. Thady, + Bishop of Down, was consecrated in Rome, 1469, died in 1486, and his + successor, R. Wolsey, was named before 1492. 4. Thady of Ross died + soon after his appointment in 1488, succeeded by Odo in 1489. 5. + Thady of Dromore, appointed only in 1511, and the see was held by + George Brown in 1492. The date (1492) is alone enough to prove that + B. Thaddeus of Ivrea was not any of the preceding bishops, and there + was no other of the name for full sixty years after or before, but + the Bishop of Cork and Cloyne, the date of whose death fits exactly + all the requirements of the case. Ware quotes from Harold that he was + appointed by Innocent VIII. (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">sed.</span></span> 1484-1492,) that he succeeded + W. Roch, resigned 1490, and further, that Gerald, who succeeded, + resigned in 1499, after obtaining a pardon from Henry VII. in + 1496”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Lib. Mun.</span></span>, i. p. 102)</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">II. Another line + of the old fragment seems to name the see of the B. Thaddeus, whom + the poet describes as lamenting his death abroad, far from the + <span class="tei tei-q">“solum Chariense”</span>, or <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Clovinense”</span>, which we interpret far <span class= + "tei tei-q">“from <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Kerry</span></em>”</span>, the burial place of + his family, and <span class="tei tei-q">“from <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Cloyne</span></em>”</span>, his episcopal see. + <span class="tei tei-q">“Cloyne”</span> is variously Latinized, even + by Irish writers, <span class="tei tei-q">“Cloynensis”</span>, + <span class="tei tei-q">“Clonensis”</span>, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Cluanensis”</span>—and often <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Clovens”</span> or <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Clovinen”</span>, in Rymer's <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Foedera</span></span>.<a id="noteref_7" name= + "noteref_7" href="#note_7"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">7</span></span></a> What more + natural than that a poet would describe the pilgrim as longing to be + buried either in his cathedral church of <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Cloyne</span></em> or + with his fathers in <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Kerry</span></em>?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">III. The passage + which seems to us most decisive, is that which points to the + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">royal + extraction</span></em> and <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">name</span></em> of this holy bishop: + <span class="tei tei-q">“<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Regia progenies, alto de sanguine + Machar</span></em>”</span>. Observe how in the notice from <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Harold</span></em> + Bishop M'Carthy was called also <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Mechar”</span>. Clearly both were one and the same name. + Thus [Gaelic: Mac Careaw], Anglicised M'Carthy, is pronounced + Maccaura, with the last syllable short, as in Ard-Magha (Armagh), and + numberless like words. Hence Wadding,<a id="noteref_8" name= + "noteref_8" href="#note_8"><span class="tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">8</span></span></a> in + speaking of the foundation of Muckross Abbey, Killarney, by Domnal + M'Carthy, Prince of Desmond, quotes to this effect a Bull of Paul + II., in 1468, in which Domnall's name is spelled <span class= + "tei tei-q">“<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Machar</span></em>”</span>, a form identical + with that in the contemporary fragment. In truth, there is no Irish + family name like <span class="tei tei-q">“Machar”</span> at all but + <span class="tei tei-q">“Meagher”</span>, which is invariably spelled + with <span class="tei tei-q">“O”</span>, <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page380">[pg 380]</span><a name="Pg380" id="Pg380" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> especially in the Latinized form; and the + <span class="tei tei-q">“O'Meaghers”</span> had no claim to + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">royal</span></em> blood.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">IV. The Blessed + Thaddeus was <span class="tei tei-q">“regia progenies”</span>. Now + there was no <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">royal</span></em> family name in Ireland like + that in the inscription except the truly <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">royal</span></em> + name, made more royal still by the saintly Bishop of Cloyne. Without + insisting with Keating that the ancestry of the M'Carthy family could + be traced through twenty-eight monarchs who governed the island + before the Christian era, we may assert with the Abbe MacGeoghan, in + a note (tom. iii. p. 680), strangely omitted by his translator, + <span class="tei tei-q">“that if regard be had to primogeniture and + seniority of descent, the M'Carthy family is the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">first</span></em> in + Ireland”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Long before the + founders of the oldest royal families in Europe—before Rodolph + acquired the empire of Germany, or a Bourbon ascended the throne of + France—the saintly Cormac M'Carthy, the disciple, the friend, and + patron of St. Malachy, ruled over Munster, and the title of + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">king</span></em> was at least continued in name + in his posterity down to the reign of Elizabeth. <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Few pedigrees, if any”</span>, says Sir B. Burke, + <span class="tei tei-q">“in the British empire can be traced to a + more remote or exalted source than that of the Celtic house of + M'Carthy.... They command a prominent, perhaps the <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">most + prominent</span></em> place in European genealogy”</span>. Plain then + is it that in no other house could the <span class="tei tei-q">“regia + progenies”</span> be verified more fully than in the M'Carthy + family.<a id="noteref_9" name="noteref_9" href="#note_9"><span class= + "tei tei-noteref"><span style= + "font-size: 60%; vertical-align: super">9</span></span></a></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">V. The date of + death, the wished-for burial place, his native soil (Kerry), or his + diocese (Cloyne)—the name and royal extraction, all point to the + Bishop of Cloyne as the saint whose relics are still worshipped at + Ivrea. If we add that <span class="tei tei-q">“Chiar”</span> is the + usual Irish form of Kerry; that Domnall's (the founder of Irrelagh) + father's name was <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Thaddeus</span></span>, not improbably our + Saint's uncle, the evidence seems to be overwhelming.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">VI. We have said + there is no account in Irish writers of even the Bishop of Cloyne, + except the few lines in Ware. The continental annalists of the + religious orders do, however, speak of one celebrated Thaddeus, + without mentioning his surname or country. Elsius (quoting + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">De + Herera</span></span> and <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Crusen</span></span>, whose works are not within + our reach) notices Thaddeus <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">de Hipporegio</span></em> sive <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Iporegia</span></em>, + <span class="tei tei-q">“as a man distinguished for learning, + religious observance, preaching, holiness of life, and experience, a + man of great zeal, and a sedulous promoter of the interests of his + order”</span>. He was prior, he adds, of several convents, seven + times definitor, thirteen times visitator, four times president of + synods, nine times vicar-general, and his government was ever + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page381">[pg 381]</span><a name="Pg381" + id="Pg381" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> distinguished for the greatest + love of order and edifying example. See Els., <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Encom.</span></span>, + August., p. 645.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After quoting + these words in substance from the Augustinian chronicler, Dr. Renehan + adds: <span class="tei tei-q">“After the most diligent inquiry I + could make at Ivrea, wherever I could hope for any little + information, particularly at the episcopal palace (where I was + received with marked respect, as a priest from the country that sent + out the B. Thaddeus), and of the Bishop's secretary, the + vicar-general, and many others, whose kind attention I can never + forget, I could find no vestige of any other Thaddeus, called after + the city (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Eporedia</span></span>), but our own blessed + Irish bishop; and I was assured, over and over again, that he was the + only Thaddeus known in its annals, or who ever had any connection + with the town, by birth, residence, death—or any way known to the + present generation”</span>. It is not then unreasonable to suppose + that the Thaddeus so celebrated in the Augustinian Order was no other + than our Bishop. True, Elsius gives 1502 for the date of the friar's + demise; but Elsius is never to be trusted in dates, and the printer + may easily take MCCCCXCII. (the true date), for MCCCCCII. Indeed, + 1492 is not so different from 1502 that an error may not have crept + in.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Dr. Renehan's + theory, then, with regard to B. Thaddeus, fully detailed in the + letter to the Bishop of Ivrea, was this:—</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thaddeus M'Carthy + was born in Kerry, where the M'Carthy More branch of the family + resided, and where, in the monastery of Irialac (now Muckross), or in + Ennisfallen (see <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Archdall</span></span>), the princes of the + house were always buried. The young Thaddeus went abroad at an early + age, and embraced the monastic life. His virtues and piety soon + attracted the notice of his religious brethren, as manifest from + their chronicles. They became in time known to the ruling Pontiff, + Innocent VIII., who raised him to the episcopal dignity. The B. + Thaddeus repaired to Rome in the first place, to receive consecration + and jurisdiction from the successor of St. Peter, imitating in this + the example of our great patron saint. He stopped at Ivrea, probably + on his way home, fell sick there, and died, God witnessing to His + servant by signs and wonders. The silence of our annalists is thus + accounted for to a great extent by the long residence of B. Thaddeus + abroad. This theory is remarkably borne out by the independent notice + in last <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Record</span></span>. Having little to help us + to arrive at any correct notion of the saintly bishop's life beyond + the epitaph and the slender tradition at Ivrea, we entirely subscribe + to this view. Other sources of information may be opened, now that we + have ventured to bring, for the first time, the name of B. Thaddeus + before the Irish Catholic people; and for this service, little as it + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page382">[pg 382]</span><a name="Pg382" + id="Pg382" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> is, and entirely unworthy of + our saintly bishop, we still expect his blessing in full measure.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc7" id="toc7"></a> <a name="pdf8" id="pdf8"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Liturgical Questions.</span></h1> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We have received + from various quarters several questions connected with the ceremony + of marriage. We propose in this number of the <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Record</span></span> to + answer some of them.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We shall treat in + the first place of the Mass. The questions forwarded to us may be + reduced to the two following:</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">1. When and on + what days can the Missa pro sponso et sponsa be said, and on what + days is it forbidden by the Rubrics?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">2. In either Mass + are any commemorations to be made, and when and how are they to be + made?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In reply to these + questions, we beg to bring under the notice of our readers the + following decrees of the Sacred Congregation of Rites.</p> + + <div class="tei tei-tb"> + <hr style="width: 50%" /> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">4266. In + celebratione Nuptiarum quae fit extra diem Dominicum vel alium diem + festum de praecepto seu in quo occurrat duplex primae vel secundae + classis etiamsi fiat officium et Missa de Festo duplici per annum + sive majori sive minori dicendam esse Missam pro sponso et sponsa in + fine Missalis post alias Missas votivas specialiter assignatam: in + diebus vero Dominicis aliisque diebus festis de praecepto ac + duplicibus primae et secundae classis dicendam esse Missam de Festo + cum commemoratione Missae pro sponso et sponsa. Atque ita decrevit et + servari mandavit. Die 20 Decembris 1783. Factaque deinde per me + Secretarium de praedictis Sanctissimo Domino Nostro Pio PP. VI. + relatione Sanctitas sua praefatum Sac. Cong. generale Decretum + confirmavit, et ubique exequutioni dandum esse praecepit. Die 7 + Januarii 1784</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">4394. Verumtamen + cum interea nonnulla excitata fuerint dubia circa rubricam in + haccelebranda Missa servandam, et Parochorum sensus sit varius quippe + quia aliqui eidem Missae Hymnum Angelicum adjiciendum censent cum + vers. Ite, Missa est in fine, alii vero etiam Symbolum Nicenum + legendum putant, ea freti ratione quod haec Missa ceu solemnis et pro + re gravi haberi debeat: ideo ad amputandas controversias et + dubitationes utque ab omnibus unus idemque conveniens ritus servetur: + sacra Rituum Congregatio, me subscripto secretario referente, re + mature discussa, declaravit atque decrevit quod firma remanente + dispositione praefati Decreti quoad designationem dierum in quibus + Missa votiva pro sponso et sponsa celebrari potest, eamdem esse + votivam privatam, proindeque semper legendam sine Hymno Angelico + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page383">[pg 383]</span><a name="Pg383" + id="Pg383" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> et symbolo Nicaeno cum tribus + orationibus, prima videlicet ejusdem Missae votivae propria ut + habetur in fine Missalis secunda et tertia diei currentis ut in + Rubric. Tit. vii. num. 3, de Commemorationibus, Benedicamus Domino in + fine, et ultimo Evangelio S. Johannis. Et ita decrevit die 28 + Februarii 1818.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">4437. Cum per + Decretum Generale S. hujus Congregationis die 20 Decembris 1783 dies + designentur, quibus Missa pro sponso et sponsa etiam diebus + excludentibus duplicia per annum, ideoque etiam infra octavam + Epiphaniae, in vigilia Pentecostes, et infra octavam privilegiatam + sanctissimi Corporis Christi: alii vero putant his etiam diebus + eamdem Missam vetitam; idcirco idem Parochus petiit declarari.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">5. An hujusmodi + Missa dici possit diebus duplicia excludentibus ut supra notatis?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">6. An Commemoratio + Missae pro sponso et sponsa dicenda prout ex dicto decreto in Missis + de duplici primae vel secundae classis dici debeat sub unica + conclusione cum oratione Festi vel sub altera conclusione?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">7. An talis + Commemoratio pariter dici debeat vel sub altera conclusione prout + solet de aliis commemorationibus occurrentibus in diebus Dominicis et + Festis de praecepto?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">8. Quo loco, + quando aliae occurrunt commemorationes ut in proximo quaesito + commemoratio Missae pro sponso et sponsa dicenda sit sub secunda + conclusione, an scilicet ultimo loco?</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Et S. Rituum + Congregatio exquisita sententia alterius ex Apostolicarum + Caeremoniarum Magistris scripto exarata, typisque evulgata ad + relationem Eminentissimi et Reverendissimi D. Card. Cavalchini + Ponentis, respondendum censuit ut infra, videlicet.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Ad 5. Negative + quoad octavam Epiphaniae, vigiliam Pentecostes, et octavam + privilegiatam Sanctissimi Corporis Christi, quatenus privilegium + concessum sit ad instar octavae Epiphaniae.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Ad. 6. Negative ad + primam partem, affirmative ad secundam.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Ad. 7. Ut in + antecedenti.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Ad. 8. Faciendam + primo loco post alias de praecepto.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Atque ita + respondit die 20 Aprilis 1822.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From these decrees + the following conclusions may clearly be established:</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">1. On all Sundays + and holidays of obligation, and feasts of first and second class, the + Mass of the day is to be said with the commemoration of the Mass pro + sponso et sponsa. This appears clear from the decree 4266 quoted + above.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">2. This + commemoration is to be made sub altera conclusione, and not sub unica + conclusione cum oratione Festi.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">3. If there are + other commemorations to be made in the Mass of the day, they are to + be said before the commemoration of the Mass pro sponso et sponsa. + This appears from the answer given <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page384">[pg 384]</span><a name="Pg384" id="Pg384" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> by the Sacred Congregation of Rites to the + question 8 in the Decree No. 4437, and Gardellini, in a note on this + same question, says: <span class="tei tei-q">“Imo si occurrant plures + commemorationes ut accidit potissimum dum celebranda est Missa de + Dominica, illa Nuptiarum primum dumtaxat locum obtinere poterit post + alias a rubrica praeceptas et sic reliquas praestare, siquae sint a + superiore imperatae”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">4. The decree 4394 + makes it clear that on all the ordinary doubles throughout the year, + the Missa pro sponso et sponsa may be celebrated; and it declares, + moreover, that it is a votive private Mass, and, as such, to be said + sine Gloria et Credo, with the second and third prayers of the day + occurring, and to conclude with the Benedicamus Domino and the Gospel + of St. John. This decree, clear as it may appear, gave rise to + another question about privileged octaves which exclude doubles, + which was afterwards proposed to the Sacred Congregation of Rites, + and to which an answer was given on the 20th April, 1822, in the + Decree 4437, already quoted, question 5.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Gardellini, in a + valuable note, explains the matter fully, and we quote his words on + the subject:—</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-q">“Hisce decretis compositae quaestiones omnes videbantur: + secus tamen accidit, nam nova excitata sunt dubia. Quippe nonnulli + sunt, qui opinantur Missam hanc dici posse etiam diebus qui excludunt + duplicia per annum, praesertim vero infra octavam Epiphaniae, in + vigilia Pentecostes et infra octavam privilegiatam sanctissimi + Corporis Christi. In hac autem opinione versantur quia in primo illo + Decreto dies isti expressim et nominatim non excipiuntur. Ast hi + errant quam maxime. Non enim declaratione indigebat id, quod sub + generali prohibitione, utpote a Rubricis jam vetitum continebatur. + Jubet Decretum, ne Missa nuptiarum celebretur in duplicibus primae + vel secundae classis sed vult ut in hujusmodi occursu solam obtineant + commemorationem: ergo includit in regula etiam dies, in quibus per + easdem Rubricas fieri nequit Festum duplex secundae classis vel + occurrens vel translatum si in octava Epiphaniae duplicia isthaec non + admittuntur, potiori jure nec Missa votiva privata non obstante + Indultu admitti poterit, utpote quae in occursu hujusmodi duplicium + celebranda non est”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We must refer our + readers to this very instructive note of Gardellini, which we regret + we cannot insert here in full, owing to its great length. Indeed it + is not necessary to do so, inasmuch as the answer given to the + question 5 in the Decree 4437, already quoted, puts an end to further + discussion, and settles the question definitively.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There are other + questions connected with the ceremony of marriage, but we must + reserve them for another occasion.</p> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page385">[pg 385]</span><a name= + "Pg385" id="Pg385" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc9" id="toc9"></a> <a name="pdf10" id="pdf10"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Correspondence.</span></h1> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">I. The See Of Down And + Connor.</span></h2> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">To the Editors of the + Irish Ecclesiastical Record</span></span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Gentlemen</span></span>,</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the March + number of your valuable periodical there was a most interesting + paper on the See of Down and Connor. I apprehend, however, it + contained a few slight mistakes, which I would have pointed out, + but hoped that some person more intimately conversant with the + subject would have done so in your April number. Such not having + been the case, I shall endeavour to do so. However, before entering + on these matters, I beg to say, in illustration of your learned + contributor's notes, that the <span class="tei tei-q">“<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Ecclesia de + Rathlunga</span></span>”</span>, of which Bishop Liddell had been + rector, is now called Raloo, and lies between Larne and + Carrickfergus, in the county of Antrim (see Reeves, p. 52); that + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Lesmoghan</span></span>, of which Bishop + Killen had been pastor, still bears the same name, forming a + sub-denomination of the parish of Ballykinler, county Down (Ib., p. + 28); that <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Arwhyn</span></span>, of which John of + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Baliconingham</span></span> (now Coniamstown, + near Downpatrick) was rector, is now the mensal parish of Ardquin, + in the barony of Ardes, county Down (Ib., p. 20); and that + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Camelyn</span></span>, of which Bishop Dongan + was pastor, is now called Crumlin, being united to the parish of + Glenavy, near Lough Neagh, county Antrim (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Ib.</span></span>, p. + 4). Returning from this digression, it is quite plain from the Bull + dated June, 1461, given by De Burgo (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Hib. + Dom.</span></span>, p. 474), and cited by your contributor, p. 267, + appointing Richard Wolsey to the See of Down, that Wolsey was not + the immediate successor of Bishop John, who died in 1450. It + expressly states, as mentioned in the article, that the See was + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">vacant</span></em> by the death of + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Thomas</span></span>, last bishop of the + canonically united dioceses of Down and Connor, repeating the same + name in the body of the Bull. How this is to be reconciled with the + statement that Wolsey was John's successor, I cannot say; but it + follows, on the principle laid down by your contributor in ignoring + John Logan, placed by Ware between William, bishop from 1365 to + 1368, and Richard Calf II., 1369, that we must have a Bishop Thomas + between John and Richard Wolsey. Dr. Reeves (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Eccl. Ant. + Down</span></span>, etc., p. 257), on the authority of this very + Bull, has accordingly done so, marking him as succeeding in 1450, + and <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page386">[pg 386]</span><a name= + "Pg386" id="Pg386" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> the see vacant in + 1451. He conjectures him to have been <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Thomas + Pollard</span></span>, who in 1450 was appointed custose of the + temporalities. Dr. Cotton (vol. iii. p. 201) adopts this view + without hesitation, and it would appear by a complaint of the + beforementioned Bishop John, shortly after the union of Down and + Connor in 1441, that even then Pollard claimed to have an + apostolical provision for the See of Down (Primate Mey's + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Registry</span></span>, cited by Reeves, p. + 37; see also Harris's <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Ware</span></span>, p. 203, where it is + likewise mentioned that Pollard contested the See of Down with John + of Connor, both carrying themselves as bishops thereof, Harris + adding that it was thought Pollard was supported by the primate, + and that it was only in 1449 Pollard lost his cause, just two years + before Wolsey's appointment). It may be asked, had he a + reversionary provision before the union was canonically effected? + If not, is <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Thomas</span></em> a misprint for <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">John</span></em> in + the Bull? as we are aware that there are many typographical errors + in the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hib. Dom.</span></span>—for instance, as to + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">John</span></em> O'Molony, Bishop of Killaloe, + who died circ. 1650, is in several places called <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Thomas</span></em>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The next bishop + respecting whom I wish to make some observations is Eugene or Owen + Magenis, appointed in 1541, and though I am not disposed to deal + uncharitably with him, I have no doubt he was a <span class= + "tei tei-q">“temporiser”</span>, though he may have been secretly + <span class="tei tei-q">“orthodox”</span>. Dr. M'Carthy (Dr. + Kelly's <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Essays</span></span>, p. 427), and Brennan, + and Walsh, in their ecclesiastical histories of Ireland are + compelled to come to the same conclusion; and upon the whole of his + career I candidly confess I don't know what other result they could + arrive at. I ground nothing on his being present, if he were + present, at Queen Elizabeth's first parliament in 1560, which + passed the Act of Uniformity, and required the oath of supremacy to + be taken by all ecclesiastics; for even if he had been present, + there is no documentary evidence extant showing how those in + attendance voted, and those acquainted with Irish history know on + the authority of Archdeacon Lynch that these acts were hurriedly + and surreptitiously passed on a day when they were not expected to + be brought forward, and in a thin packed house. But it appears, so + far as his public acts are reported, that he submitted in matters + of ecclesiastical discipline to all the rapid changes and schisms + which the fertile imaginations of the pseudo-reformers introduced + during the Tudor reigns. He surrendered his bulls to Henry VIII., + obtained from Paul, <span class="tei tei-q">“Bishop of + Rome”</span>, not <span class="tei tei-q">“His Holiness”</span>; + took out pardon for accepting them, with a new grant of the see, + with the archdeaconry and confirmation of the parishes of Aghaderg + and Anaghlone, parishes to which <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">he had + been</span></em> promoted by the Primate in 1526 and 1528. It is an + oversight to suppose that about 1541 and 1543 the <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page387">[pg 387]</span><a name="Pg387" id="Pg387" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> northern chieftains who submitted to + Henry VIII. were exempted from all pressure in matter of religion. + Cox (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Aug. + Hib.</span></span>, vol. i. p. 272) writes that the king about that + time caused all the Irish who submitted to him to renounce the + <span class="tei tei-q">“Pope's usurpations, and to own the king's + supremacy by indenture”</span>, among others, stating that O'Neill + did so, January, 1542, all the indentures being registered in the + Red Book of the Exchequer. The articles of Con O'Neill's submission + are printed in vol. iii. part iii. p. 353, of the <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">State Papers of Henry + VIII</span></span>.; and by the second article, he expressly + renounces obedience to the Roman Pontiff and his usurped authority, + and acknowledges the king to be the supreme head of the Church in + England and Ireland, immediately under Christ. Manus O'Donnell, 3rd + June the preceding year, in his letter styles the king on Earth + immediately under Christ supreme head of the Church of + England—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Ib.</span></span>, p. 217). M'Donell, captain + of the galloglasses, goes further, and promises to annihilate and + relinquish the usurped authority of the Bishop of Rome; and his + adherents and abettors will expel, extirp, and diminish, + etc.—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Ib.</span></span>, p. 383). Redmond MacMahon, + captain of the Farney, 30th December, 1543, also renounces the + usurped authority of the Roman Pontiff—(Shirley's <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Farney</span></span>, + p. 40). Even in the reign of Queen Mary, we find Owen Macgenis, of + Iveagh, chief of his sept and captain of his country, binding + himself not to admit any provisions from Rome, but oppose them all + he could—(Cox, i. p. 299). No doubt these indentures were extorted + by necessity from these chiefs, who scoffed at the idea that Henry + had any religion or was the head of any church, and kept the + articles just as long as they could not help it. Dr. M'Carthy, I + presume on the ground of Bishop Magenis suing out pardon in Queen + Mary's reign, considers he afterwards <span class= + "tei tei-q">“repented”</span>, being made a privy councillor and + governor of his country; but then we have two similar acts of + repentance in Elizabeth's reign, for he took out the royal pardon, + 1st May and 25th October in her first year, thus atoning for his + folly in her predecessor's. If he lived till 1564, as Dr. Moran + (<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Archbishops of Dublin</span></span>) + supposes—though I consider he was dead in 1563, from the queen's + letter, dated 6th January, 1564, naming James M'Caghwell to the + see, then <span class="tei tei-q">“destitute of an + incumbent”</span>, and also from the fact of Shane O'Neill applying + for the see for his brother, 1563-4—then, knowing that the greater + parts of the counties of Down and Antrim were, in the early years + of Elizabeth's reign, completely under subjection to the English, + and coupling this with the solicitation of the royal pardons, the + least that can be said is, that Bishop Magenis acquiesced in or + tacitly submitted to the ecclesiastical changes enacted in the + parliament of 1560, not <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page388">[pg + 388]</span><a name="Pg388" id="Pg388" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + forgetting that about the same time Andrew Brereton, governor of + Lecale (called Britton by Anthony Bruodin, in Dr. Moran's + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Archbishops of Dublin</span></span>, p. 142), + mercilessly strangled John O'Lochran and two other Franciscan + friars, in Downpatrick. But I have reserved for the last the + conduct of Bishop Magenis in the reign of Edward VI. On the 2nd of + February, 1552-3, he assisted George Brown of Dublin in <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">consecrating</span></em> Hugh Goodacre to be + Archbishop of Armagh, and <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">John Bale</span></em> to be Bishop of Ossory, + according to a new-fangled form annexed to the second Book of + Common Prayer of Edward VI., which was not even authorised by act + of parliament, nor by any order of the king (Mant, vol. i. p. + 219)—as an Erastian church would require—which was opposed by the + Catholic clergy at the time, and afterwards, in the reign of Queen + Mary, condemned by all the Catholic bishops of England as invalid, + defective in matter, form, and intention. And who was this John + Bale whom Bishop Magenis assisted in <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">consecrating</span></em> by this vitiated + rite? He, according to Pits, as quoted by Harris (Ware's + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Bishops</span></span>, p. 417), was + <span class="tei tei-q">“an English Heretick, an apostate + Carmelite, and a married priest. This poor wretch, except his + calumnies against men and his blasphemies against God and his + saints, hath nothing in him worthy to be taken notice of”</span>. + Condemned by his brother Protestants, Vossius, Wharton, etc., for + his acrimony and falsehood, it is little wonder the Catholics, on + the death of Edward VI., chased him from Kilkenny. Had his + <span class="tei tei-q">“King Johan: a play, in two parts”</span>, + published by the Camden Society in 1838, been known in his + lifetime, in which drama he apotheosises that merciless tyrant, + alike despicable, cruel, and infamous, the murderer of his own + nephew, as a great reformer, <span class="tei tei-q">“the model of + every virtue, human and divine”</span>, it would have completed his + infamy and disgrace. No earthly fears should have prevailed on an + orthodox bishop to pretend to consecrate a man whose life was such + a disgrace to religion. I do not lay much stress on the formal + words of the Bull appointing Myler Magrath to these sees, 12th + October, 1565, vacant <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" + xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">per obitum Eugenii + Magnissae</span></span>: it simply shows he was not deposed, and it + may have been with him as with his successor, that hopes were + entertained for some years that he would abandon his state + conformity, which I trust was the case. The astute and wily + ministers of Elizabeth at this early date did not compel apostacy, + nor seek for purity of morals; though apostates themselves, all + they required was outward conformity, that the elect should take + investiture from the crown. They bided their time.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is + questionable but that Sir James Ware knew Bishop Dougan had been + Bishop of Soder and Man, for in one of his MSS. in Trinity College + Library, cited by Reeves, p. 177, he <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page389">[pg 389]</span><a name="Pg389" id="Pg389" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> writes of John Duncan, Archdeacon of Down, in + 1373, <span class="tei tei-q">“Factus Episcopus Sodorensis sive + Insular. Manniar, 1374”</span>; the different spelling of the name, + and the great age Dr. Dougan must have attained before his + elevation to Down in 1394 (living till 1412), may have induced him + to doubt the identity.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I am delighted + to learn that we are to have these valuable papers with others on + the succession of the Irish sees, published in a separate volume; + and were I permitted to offer a suggestion, I would recommend that + the succession should be brought down to the period of the + Confederation of Kilkenny, when all the sees, with the exception of + Derry and Dromore, were, I think, full. Enriched with a few + biographical notes, such a work would be a valuable accession to + Irish ecclesiastical history, and would, besides, utterly shatter + the vain and fanciful theories of Mant, Palmer, etc., as to + apostolical succession through the puritanical Adam Loftus, the + apostate rector of Outwell, in Norfolk, to which he had been + appointed in 1556—(Cotton's <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Fasti</span></span>, v. p. 197).</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I omitted to ask + if it can be explained why Myler Magrath, in his letter of 24th + June, 1592, given <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">in extenso</span></span> by Father Meehan in + Duffy's <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hib. Magazine</span></span>, March, 1864, + calls, <span class="tei tei-q">“Darby Creagh”</span>, Bishop of + Cloyne, his cousin. Dermot or Darby Creagh, or Gragh, or MacGragh, + or M'Grath—for by these various names he is called, is stated in + the paper on Cork and Cloyne in your last number to be a native of + Munster; whereas Myler Magrath was eldest son of Donogh, otherwise + Gillagmagna Magrath, of Termon Magrath, county of Fermanagh, of + which the family had been erenachs. He married Anne O'Meara, by + whom he had five sons—Terence, alias Tirlagh, Redmond, Barnaby, + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">alias</span></span> Brien, Mark, and James, + besides two daughters, Cecily or Sheelagh, married to Philip + O'Dwyer, and Eliza or Ellis, married to Sir John Bowen. How came + the relationship? I don't understand why Myler is named as the + foster-brother of the great Shane O'Neill. The latter was fostered + by the O'Donnellys of Tyrone, and hence frequently styled Shane + Donnellagh. Terence Donnelly, alias Daniel, Dean of Armagh, was his + foster-brother.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">J. W. H.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">April 8, + 1865.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">II.</span></h2> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">To the Editors of the + Record</span></span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Gentlemen</span></span>,</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The following + remarks on a subject of great importance to the priests of the + mission may not be uninteresting to the readers of the <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Record</span></span>. + My attention was directed to the matter on reading the erudite work + of Dr. Feye, of Louvain, on Matrimony.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" + id="page390">[pg 390]</span><a name="Pg390" id="Pg390" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The opinions of + St. Liguori are looked upon as possessing high authority, and, as + every one knows, very justly so. Hence it is that he is copied even + in the casual mistakes he made; and all the casuistical works + recently published have inserted in their pages those mistakes. + Take, for example, the works on moral theology most in circulation + at present, such as the works of Gousset, Gury, Scavini, and it + will be found that in the very latest editions of these works those + errors are left untouched.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At page 591, n. + 876, of Gury, 13<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "vertical-align: super">a</span></span> ed., it is remarked + regarding the <span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" xml:lang= + "la"><span style="font-style: italic">gradus inaequalis + consanguinitatis, vel affinitatis</span></span>, that for the + validity of the dispensation it is not required to mention in the + petition the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">gradus remotior</span></em> <span class= + "tei tei-q">“nisi sint conjuncti secundo gradu attingente + primum”</span>. In the <span class="tei tei-q">“Casus + Conscientiae”</span> he makes the very same observation. If the + reader refer to Scavini he will find the same opinion adopted. It + will appear from the remarks of Card. Gousset, t. 2, n. 1136, that + he adheres to the opinion of St. Liguori.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At page 118, l. + 6, t. 6, n. 1136, St. Liguori treats of the question, and cites the + Breve of Benedict XIV., <span class="tei tei-q">“Etsi + Matr.”</span>, of 27th September, 1755, upon which he remarks, + <span class="tei tei-q">“<span lang="la" class="tei tei-foreign" + xml:lang="la"><span style="font-style: italic">Matrimonium esse + quidem illicitum sed non invalidum modo propinquitas non sit + 1</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic; vertical-align: super">mi</span></span> + <span style="font-style: italic">aut 2</span><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic; vertical-align: super">di</span></span> + <span style="font-style: italic">gradus + consanguinitatis</span></span>”</span>.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now it is + certain that Benedict XIV. held no such opinion, for in sec. 6 he + expressly states, after St. Pius V., that the omission of the first + grade <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">alone</span></em>, in the petition for + dispensation, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">invalidates</span></em> the dispensation. + Again, Benedict XIV. in that Breve is speaking <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">de + duplici</span></em> gradu consanguinitatis, not <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">de secundo + gradu</span></em>, and states that a dispensation would be null, in + the petition for which only one vinculum was expressed, whereas + there existed two—duplex vinculum.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I believe St. + Liguori was led into the mistake either by confounding the word + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">duplex</span></em> with <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">secundum</span></em>, or by the remarks made + by Benedict <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">de tertio</span></em> gradu propinquiore, + etc., of which there was question.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Gury's opinion + also is wrong; for it is certain, from the decree of St. Pius V., + as cited and confirmed by Benedict XIV., that the suppression of + the mention of the first grade in the petition for dispensation in + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">gradu + inaequali consang. off.</span></em>, will equally annul the + dispensation, whether the first grade concur with the second, + third, or fourth.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In order then + that St. Liguori's opinion be correct, it is necessary to erase the + words <span class="tei tei-q">“aut secundi”</span> from the + sentence.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Expecting you + will give insertion to the foregoing observations, which are made + through a desire to serve the <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Record</span></span>, and give a hint to + fellow-labourers in the vineyard,</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I remain, + Gentlemen, respectfully yours,</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">W. Rice, C.C., + Coachford.</p> + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page391">[pg 391]</span><a name= + "Pg391" id="Pg391" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc11" id="toc11"></a> <a name="pdf12" id="pdf12"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Documents.</span></h1> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">I. Letter Of The Cardinal Prefect Of + Propaganda To Dr. Troy, 1782.</span></h2> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Illustrissimo e Reverendissimo Monsignore Come + Fratello.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Essendosi prese in matura considerazione le + risoluzioni emanate dall'Assemblea de' Vescovi Suffraganei di + cod. Provincia Armacana radunata in Drogheda il di 8. e 9. Agosto + dell'anno scorso; questa S. Cong. di Propaganda dopo un lungo + esame hà finalmente coll'oracolo di Nostro Sig. PP. Pio VI. + pronunziato il suo guidizio sù le medesime e ne communica + specialmente a V S. come amministratore di cod. Metropolitana le + sue determinazoni, perchè le faccia ben tosto partecipi ai + Prelati sudetti. Si è in primo luogo pertanto riconosciuto, che a + quest'assemblea non può darsi il nome di Sinodo Provinciale, + essendo essa mancante di tutte quelle solennità, e forme che ai + sinodi convengono, e specialmente dell'intervento del Capitolo + della Chiesa Metropolitana, che dee sempre ai sinodi invitarsi, + quando un immemorabile consuetudine non abbia a questo privilegio + del Capitolo derogato. Mà quantunque non si possa dare a + quest'adunanza de' Vescovi il carattere, e il vigore di sinodo + provinciale, contuttociò la pubblicazione delle risoluzioni prese + nella med. non potea farci senza il consenso, e approvazione + della Sede Apostolica, poichè per i Decreti eziandio de' sinodi + provinciali legittimamente convocati, e canonicamente tenuti, si + chiede sempre, e si preserva l'approvazione della S. Sede prima + di esiggerne l'esservanza. L'esempio solo di S. Carlo Borromeo in + tutti i sei Sinodi Provinciali di Milano può dar norma ai Vescovi + come debbano regolarsi sù questo punto.</span></p> + + <div class="tei tei-tb"> + <hr style="width: 50%" /> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">E incominciando dalla terza risoluzione emanata + dai Vescovi sudetti questa è sembrata assai ambigua, ed oscura. + La dispensa de' proclami per celebrare un matrimonio secreto può + concedersi cosi dall'Ordinario dell'uomo, che della donna, e si + concede di fatti da quello, nella di cui Diocesi si contrae il + matrimonio, siasi Ordinario dell'uno, o dell'altro de contraenti. + Se dunque si è preteso di limitare questa facoltà al solo + Ordinario dell'uomo, privandone l'Ordinario della donna, questa + risoluzione non dee osservarsi, poichè è contraria ad ogni + ragione canonica, e all'osservanza. Se poi si è voluto soitanto + intendere, che dopo essersi ottenuto questa dispensa + dall'Ordinario dell'uomo, non faccia d'uopo di riportarla ancora + da quello della donna allora la risoluzione potrà eseguirsi, e + non merita riprensione.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">La quarta però non ammette interpretazione, e + debbe essere per ogni conto proscritta. Si è risoluto, che ogni + dispensa dai gradi proibiti di parentela sia concessa + dall'Ordinario di ciascuna parte contraente. Dovevano pur i + Vescovi riflettere, che essendo la parentela un vincolo, che lega + due persone, e impedisce, che trà loro si possa contrarre</span> + <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page392">[pg 392]</span><a name= + "Pg392" id="Pg392" class="tei tei-anchor"></a><span style= + "font-size: 90%">il matrimonio; subito che una di esse èsciolta + da questo vincolo, ne viene in conseguenza, che ne sia prosciolta + anche l'altra, non potendo restarne avvinta una, e libera + l'altra. Se dunque per autorità legittima, o della Sede + Apostolica, o di uno degli Ordinarj è tolto il vincolo di + parentela trà un uomo, e una Donna, non vi è più bisogno di altra + dispensa, ne fà, mestieri ricorrere all'altro Ordinario per + ottenerla. . . . . . . Prego il Signore che La conservi e + feliciti.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Roma 30 Marzo 1782.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">D. V. S.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Come Fratello,</span><br /> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">L. Card. + Antonelli</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + Prefetto,</span><br /> + <span style="font-size: 90%">Stefano Borgia,</span> <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Segretario</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Mons. Troy, Vescovo Ossoriense.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Amministretore di Armach.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">[</span><span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">translation.</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">]</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Having taken into its careful consideration the + resolutions adopted at a meeting of the Suffragan Bishops of the + Province of Armagh, held last year at Drogheda, on the 8th and + 9th of August, this S. Congregation of Propaganda, by authority + of our Lord Pope Pius VI., after a protracted examination, has + finally given judgment thereupon. This judgment it now signifies + to your lordship, as Administrator of that Metropolitan See, in + order that you may speedily communicate to the above-mentioned + Prelates the decision which it has been led to take. First of + all, however, it has been established that the meeting cannot be + called a provincial synod, seeing that it wanted all the + formalities prescribed for the holding of synods, and especially + the presence of the Metropolitan Chapter, which, when immemorial + usage to the contrary has not interfered with its right, ought + always to be invited to synods. But although this meeting of + bishops may not claim the character or the authority of a + provincial synod, nevertheless its resolutions could not be + published without the consent and approbation of the Apostolic + See, since the decrees even of provincial synods, lawfully + convened and celebrated in canonical form, require at all times + the approbation of the Holy See before their observance can be + made obligatory. The example of St. Charles Borromeo in the Six + Provincial Synods of Milan, is of itself a sufficient guide for + Bishops in this matter.</span></p> + + <div class="tei tei-tb"> + <hr style="width: 50%" /> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">In the first place, then, the third resolution + passed by the above-mentioned Bishops appears very ambiguous and + obscure. In case of a private marriage, both the Ordinary of the + man and the Ordinary of the woman have power to dispense with the + publication of the banns, and as a matter of fact this + dispensation is granted by the Bishop in whose diocese the + marriage is celebrated, whether he be the Ordinary of the one or + of the other of the contracting parties. If, then, the sense of + the resolution be to limit this power to the Ordinary of the man, + to the exclusion of the Ordinary of the woman, the resolution + ought not to be carried out, as being contrary to the + canons</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page393">[pg + 393]</span><a name="Pg393" id="Pg393" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">and to custom. + But if, on the other hand, the meaning be, that when once the + dispensation has been obtained from the Ordinary of the man, + there is no need to obtain it also from the Ordinary of the + woman, the resolution thus interpreted may be put into practice, + and is not deserving of censure.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">The fourth resolution, however, cannot be + softened by any interpretation. That resolution prescribed that + every dispensation in prohibited degrees of relationship should + be granted by the Ordinary of each of the contracting parties. + And yet the Bishops ought to have reflected that relationship + being a bond which affects two persons, and prevents them from + contracting matrimony one with the other, the moment one of these + persons becomes free from this bond, the other, by a necessary + consequence, is also set at liberty, it being impossible that one + can be free whilst the other remains bound. Whenever, therefore, + the bond of relationship between a man and a woman has been + removed by lawful authority, either of the Holy See or of one of + the Ordinaries, no second dispensation is required, nor is it + necessary to have recourse to the other Ordinary to obtain such + dispensation....</span></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">II. Decrees Granting An Indulgence To + A Prayer To Be Said Before Hearing Confessions, And To A Prayer For + A Happy Death.</span></h2> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Oratio recitanda ante + sacramentales confessiones excipiendas.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Da mihi Domine, sedium tuarum assistricem + Sapientiam, ut sciam judicare populum tuum in justitia, et + pauperes tuos in judicio. Fac me ita tractare Claves Regni + Coelorum, ut nulli aperiam cui claudendum sit, nulli claudam cui + aperiendum sit. Sit intentio mea pura, zelus meus sincerus, + charitas mea patiens, labor meus fructuosus. Sit in me lenitas + non remissa, asperitas non severa, pauperem ne despiciam, diviti + ne aduler. Fac me ad alliciendos peccatores suavem, ad + interrogandos prudentem, ad instruendos peritum. Tribue, quaeso, + ad retrahendos a malo solertiam, ad confirmandos in bone + sedulitatem, ad promovendos ad meliora industriam: in responsis + maturitatem, in consiliis rectitudinem, in obscuris lumen, in + implexis sagacitatem, in arduis victoriam, inutilibus colloquiis + no detinear, pravis ne contaminer, alios salvem, meipsum non + perdam. Amen.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Urbis et Orbis. + Decretum.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Ex Audientia Sanctissimi. Die 27 martii 1854.—Ad + preces humillimas Reverendissimi Patris Jacobi Pignone del + Carretto Clericorum Regularium Theatinorum Praepositi Generalis, + Sanctissimus</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page394">[pg + 394]</span><a name="Pg394" id="Pg394" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">Dominus Noster + Pius PP. IX. benigne inclinatus omnibus et singulis Confessariis + in Universo Orbe Catholico existentibus supraenunciatam + Orationem, antequam ad Sacramentales excipiendas Confessiones + assideant, corde saltem contrito, et devote recitantibus centum + dierum Indulgentiam semel tantum in die acquirendam, clementer + est elargitus. Praesenti perpetuis futuris temporibus valituro + absque ulla Brevis expeditione.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Datum Romae ex Secretaria S. Congregationis + Indulgentiarum. F. Card.</span> <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">Asquinius</span></span> + <span style="font-size: 90%">praefectus—Loco ϯ Sigilli.—A. + Colombo secretarius.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Oratio Caroli Episcopi + Cracoviensis pro impetranda bona morte</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">O Maria sine labe concepta, ora pro nobis, qui + confugimus ad Te, o refugium peccatorum, mater agonizantium, noli + nos derelinquere in hora exitus nostri, sed impetra nobis dolorem + perfectum, sinceram contritionem, remissionem peccatorum + nostrorum, Sanctissimi Viatici dignam receptionem, extremae + unctionis Sacramenti corroborationem, quatenus securi presentari + valeamus ante thronum justi sed et misericordis Judicis, Dei, et + Redemptoris nostri. Amen.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Ex + audientia Sanctissimi die 11 martii + 1856</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Sanctissimus Dominus Noster Pius PP. IX. omnibus + et singulis utriusque sexus Christi fidelibus, qui corde saltem + contriti, ac devote supradictas pias preces, jam adprobatas, ab + bonam mortem impetrandam recitaverint, centum dierum Indulgentiam + semel in die lucrifaciendam, clementer est elargitus. + Praesentibus, perpetuis futuris temporibus valituris.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">Datum Romae ex Secretaria Brevium.—L. ϯ S. Pro + D. Cardinali</span> <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-variant: small-caps">Macchi</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">.—Jo. + B. Brancaloni Castellani</span> <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Sub.</span></span></p> + </div> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">III. Decree Concerning The + Prayer</span> <span class="tei tei-hi" style= + "text-align: left"><span style= + "font-size: 144%; font-style: italic">Sacrosanctae Et Individuae + Trinitati, Etc.</span></span></h2> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Urbis et Orbis. + Decretum. Cum Sacrae huic Congregationi Indulgentiis Sacrisque + Reliquiis praepositae in una Melden. inter alia exhibitum fuisset + dubium enodandum <span class="tei tei-q">“An ad lucrandam + Indulgentiam vel fructum orationis <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Sacrosanctae et + individuae</span></span> etc. necessario flexis genibus haec oratio + sit dicenda, vel an saltem in casu legitimi impedimenti ambulando, + sedendo recitari valeat?”</span> Eminentissimi Patres in + generalibus Comitiis die 5 Martii superioris anni apud Vaticanas + Aedes habitis respondendum esse duxerunt. <span class= + "tei tei-q">“Affirmative ad primam partem, negative ad + secundam”</span>. Facta itaque Sanctissimo Domino Nostro Pio PP. + IX. relatione per me infrascriptum S. Congregationis Secretarium + die 12 ejusdem mensis, Sanctitas Sua votum Eminentissimorum Patrum + approbavit. In audientia vero Sanctissimi die 12 <span class= + "tei tei-pb" id="page395">[pg 395]</span><a name="Pg395" id="Pg395" + class="tei tei-anchor"></a> Iulii ejusdem anni ab Eminentissimo + Cardinali praefatae S. Congregationis Praefecto habita, eadem + Sanctitas Sua ex speciali gratia clementer indulsit, ut Oratio + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Sacrosanctae</span></span> etc. pro lucranda + Indulgentia a Sa. Mem. Leone PP. X. adnexa, seu fructu dictae + orationis, etiam non flexis genibus recitari possit ab iis, qui + legitime impediti fuerint infirmitatis tantum causa. Praesenti + valituro absque ulla Brevis expeditione, non obstantibus in + contrarium facientibus quibuscumque.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Datum Romae ex + Secretaria ejusdem S. Congregationis Indulgentiarum die 7 januarii + 1856.—Loco ϯ Signi.—F. Cardinalis <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Asquinius</span></span>, Praef.—A. + Colombo Secretarius.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">IV. Plenary Indulgences And The + Infirm.</span></h2> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-q">“<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Decretum Urbis et Orbis. Ex Audientia + Sanctissimi die 18 Septembris, 1862.</span></span>—Est hoc in more + positum quod ab animarum Pastoribus Sanctissimum Eucharistiae + Sacramentum in aliquibus tantum infra annum praecipuis + festivitatibus ad fideles habitualiter infirmos, chronicos, ob + physicum permanens aliquod impedimentum e domo egredi impotentes + solemniter deferatur, proindeque hujusmodi fideles tot Plenariis + Indulgentiis privantur, quas consequerentur si conditionibus + injunctis adimpletis ad Sacram Eucharisticam Mensam frequentius + possent accedere. Itaque quamplures animarum Curatores, aliique + permulti Ecclesiastici Viri humillimas preces porrexerunt + Sanctissimo Domino Nostro Pio PP. IX. ut de Apostolica benignitate + super hoc providere dignaretur, factaque per me infrascriptum + Secretariae S. Congregationis Indulgentiarum Substitutum Eidem + Sanctissimo de his omnibus fideli relatione in Audientia habita die + 18 Septembris 1862, Sanctitas Sua spirituali gregis sibi crediti + utilitati prospiciens clementer indulsit, ut praefati Christi + fideles, exceptis tamen illis qui in Communitate morantur, + acquirere possent omnes et singulas Indulgentias plenarias jam + concessas vel in posterum concedendas, quasque alias acquirere + possent in locis in quibus vivunt, si in eo physico statu non + essent, pro quarum acquisitione praescripta sit Sacra Communio et + visitatio alicujus Ecclesiae vel publici Oratorii in locis iisdem, + dummodo vere poenitentes, confessi, ac caeteris omnibus absolutis + conditionibus, si quae injunctae fuerint, loco S. Communionis et + Visitationis alia pia opera a respectivo Confessario injungenda + fideliter adimpleant. Praesenti in perpetuum valituro absque ulla + Brevis expeditione. Non obstantibus in contrarium facientibus + quibuscumque.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class= + "tei tei-q">“Datum Romae ex Secretaria S. Congregationis + Indulgentiarum et SS. Reliquiarum, Loco ϯ Signi <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">F. Card. + Asquinius</span></span> <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Praefectus. A. Archip. Prinzivalli + Substitutus.</span></span>”</span></p> + </div> + </div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page396">[pg 396]</span><a name= + "Pg396" id="Pg396" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + <hr class="page" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc13" id="toc13"></a> <a name="pdf14" id="pdf14"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Notices Of Books.</span></h1> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">I.</span></h2> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Appendix ad Rituale + Romanum</span></span> <span style="font-size: 90%">sive Collectio + Benedictionum et Instructionum a Rituali Romano exsulantium, + Sanctae Sedis auctoritate approbatarum seu permissarum, in usum et + commoditatum Missionariorum Apostolicorum digesta. Romæ, Typis S. + Con. de Propagande Fide, 1864.</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This book has + been compiled by authority, to serve as an appendix to the Roman + Ritual, and is intended for the convenience of priests on the + mission. In Ireland especially, where the Catholic instincts of the + people have ever maintained pious confraternities in the honour + which is their due, the clergy must have felt the want of a manual + containing the <span class="tei tei-foreign"><span style= + "font-style: italic">formulæ</span></span> to be used in enrolling + the faithful in the various religious societies approved by the + Holy See. These forms are not to be found in the Roman Ritual, nor + in the books easily accessible to the great body of priests. + Besides, since every creature of God may be blessed by prayer, the + Catholic Church, whilst she refuses to be reconciled with whatever + is defective in modern progress, hastens, on the other hand, to + sanctify by her blessing whatever this progress contains of good. + Hence, new forms of prayer are rendered necessary from time to + time, such as the form for blessing railways, and the Benedictio + ad. <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-variant: small-caps">Omnia</span></span>, to be used in + blessing all objects for which a special benediction is not + contained in the Roman Ritual. These forms are to be found in this + appendix. The instructions which the Holy See issues from time to + time on various subjects for the guidance of missionary priests, + also find their place in this collection. Among them is the + Instructio, issued by the Sacred Congregation of Rites, for those + who have permission to say two Masses on the same day in different + churches, and which is inserted in the Ordo for use of the Irish + clergy. To this is added, in the book under notice, the ritus + servandus a <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Sacerdote cum utramque Missam in eadem + Ecclesia offere debet</span></em>. It runs as follows:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-q"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">“</span><span style="font-size: 90%">Hoc itaque in + casu Sacerdos post haustum in prima Missa diligenter Sanguinem + Domini, omissa consueta purificatione, patena calicem et palla + patenam tegens ac super corporale relinquens dicet junctis + manibus:</span> <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Quod ore sumpsimus + Domine</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, etc. Deinde + digitos, quibus SS. Sacramentum tetigit, in aliquo vase mundo ad + hoc in Altare praeparato abluet, interim dicens</span> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Corpus tuum + Domine</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, etc., + abstersisque purificatorio digitis calicem velo coöperiet, + velatumque ponet super corporale extensum. Absoluta Missa si + nulle in Ecclesia</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id= + "page397">[pg 397]</span><a name="Pg397" id="Pg397" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">sit sacristia + calicem eodem modo super Altare relinquet; secus vero in + Sacristiam deferet, ibique super Corporale vel pallam in aliquo + loco decenti et clauso collocabit usque ad secundam Missam, in + qua, cum eodem calice uti debeat, ilium rursus secum deferet ad + Altare, ac super corporale extensum reponet. Cum autem in secunda + Missa Sacerdos ad Offertorium devenerit, ablato velo de Calice + hunc parumper versus cornu Epistolae collocabit sed non extra + corporale, factaque hostiae oblatione cavebit ne purificatorio + extergat calicem, sed eum intra corporale relinquens leviter + elevabit, vinumque et aquam eidem caute imponet, ne guttae + aliquae ad labia ipsius Calicis resiliant, quem deinde nullatenus + ab intus abstersum more solito offeret.</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The contents may + be reduced to three heads. The first regards the sacraments, and + embraces a short form for blessing the baptismal font; the rite of + confirmation when administered by a simple priest by delegation + from the Apostolic See; instruction for priests who duplicate; + manner of carrying the Eucharist in secret to the sick among + unbelievers; decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites concerning + the oil for the lamp of the Blessed Sacrament. The second contains + various forms of blessing, twenty-two in number, and including + those for erecting the Via Crucis, and for enrolling in the + scapulars of the different orders. The third part contains the + ceremonies appointed by Benedict XIII. to be performed in the + smaller parish churches on the great festivals of the Christian + year.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">II.</span></h2> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Popular Objections against the + Encyclical.</span></span> <span style="font-size: 90%">By. Mgr. de + Segur. Authorized Translation. Dublin: John F. Fowler, 3 Crow + Street.</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">We are delighted + to welcome this little work, both for the sake of its own proper + merits, and because it is the first instalment of the authorized + translation of the admirable works of Mgr. de Segur. The Encyclical + and Syllabus still continue to be the great event of the day. + Indeed, as yet, we see only the beginnings of the influence it is + surely destined to exercise on men's minds; and for the due + development of that influence, works like this of the French + prelate are very necessary. The docile Catholic, for whom St. Peter + lives and speaks in Pius IX., will find set forth herein the + majesty and beauty of the doctrine he had before received in simple + faith. The Catholic whose mind has been coloured for good and evil + by modern ideas, and who has felt alarm at the apparent + contradiction between the teaching of the Pope and certain social + doctrines he has long held to be as sacred as first principles, + will find in these pages wherewith to calm his apprehensions and + steady his judgment <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page398">[pg + 398]</span><a name="Pg398" id="Pg398" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + He will see that what the Church condemns is already condemned by + reason and history; and that, far from placing under the ban any of + the elements of true progress, the Holy See censures the very + errors which make all true progress impossible. The priest who has + charge of the wise and the unwise together, will be glad to have, + in these few pages, what may enable him to provide for the wants of + both. We quote a few passages:—</p> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">The Pope Condemns Liberty Of + Conscience.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">You mean to say</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">the liberty of having no + conscience</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style="font-size: 90%">, + or, what is much the same thing,</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">the liberty of corrupting or poisoning one's + conscience!</span><span style="font-size: 90%">”</span></span> + <span style="font-size: 90%">You are right; the Pope is the + mortal enemy of a liberty so shocking. What good father would + leave his son the liberty of poisoning himself?</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">It was Protestantism which invented, and it is + the Revolution which has perfected, what unbelievers call liberty + of conscience. It has become an essential part of</span> + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">progress</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, + of that anti-Catholic</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">progress</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">of + which we were speaking just now, and which has insinuated itself + into all modern constitutions....</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">The liberty of following one's conscience, even + when it is misguided, is not the liberty of conscience condemned + by the Encyclical Letter. Catholics, Protestants, Jews, and all + men, of whatever denomination or sect they may be, are obliged to + follow the dictates of their conscience; as long as they are + misled</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">fairly</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, + it is but a misfortune; what the Church demands is that all men + may escape this misfortune, and have full liberty of embracing + truth, when once they have discovered it. The Pope condemns + liberty of</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">conscience</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, + and not liberty of</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">consciences</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">. + The one is very different from the other.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">In Condemning Liberty Of Worship, The Pope + Wishes To Oblige Governments To Persecute Unbelievers, + Protestants, Jews.</span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span style= + "font-size: 90%">The Pope desires nothing of all that, and those + who say so, do not believe a word of what they advance. Pius IX. + says simply to</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Catholic</span></em> + <span style="font-size: 90%">governments (and it is to them that + he addresses himself):</span> <span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">There is but one true religion, because there is + but one God, one Christ, one faith, one baptism, and this only + true religion is that of the Holy, Catholic, Apostolic Church of + Rome. If, in consequence of unfortunate circumstances, a Catholic + government is obliged to put the Church on the same footing with + false religions, such as Protestants, Jews, Mahometans, etc., it + should bitterly regret such an unhappy state of things, and never + consider it as permanent or lasting. Such conduct would be + putting truth on a line with error, and despising + faith.</span></span></p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em"><span class= + "tei tei-q"><span style="font-size: 90%">“</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">It is the duty of a really Catholic government + to facilitate,</span> <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">as much as + possible</span></em><span style="font-size: 90%">, to bishops and + priests, the free exercise of their holy ministry, in order that + they may, by the zeal and persuasion of their charity, work more + efficaciously for the conversion of heretics and other + dissenters. It must hinder,</span> <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">as much as circumstances and + the laws of prudence will permit</span></em><span style= + "font-size: 90%">, the extension of heresy; finally, it + must</span> <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page399">[pg + 399]</span><a name="Pg399" id="Pg399" class= + "tei tei-anchor"></a><span style="font-size: 90%">endeavour, for + its own interest, as well as for that of the Church, to procure + the inestimable advantages of religious unity and peace to its + subjects</span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">”</span></span><span style= + "font-size: 90%">.</span></p> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">These are the + matters that Pius IX. speaks of. He simply engages Catholic + sovereigns to do for their subjects what every good father would do + for his children and his servants; he does all in his power to + render the knowledge and practice of religion easy for them; he + removes as much as he can all that is capable of weakening their + faith or of corrupting their morals; he tolerates the evil that he + cannot prevent, but he never lets an opportunity pass without + blaming this evil, and repressing that which he cannot extirpate + entirely.</p> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Church + employs gentleness and mildness in order to gain souls to God. Who + would have ever thought of using violent measures to impose faith + on men? Although the Catholic Church pities those who are + misguided, and does all in her power to enlighten them, she + respects their faith, when she knows them to be upright and honest. + Intolerant and absolute in matter of doctrine, she is full of + tender solicitude for her children.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">III.</span></h2> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">St. Patrick's Cathedral: How + it was Restored.</span></span> <span style="font-size: 90%">By a + Catholic Clergyman. Dublin: Duffy, 1865</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Even in the days + of St. Augustine, Catholic eyes had to behold scenes somewhat + similar to the one in view of which this pamphlet has been written. + Within churches once Catholic, Donatist bishops at that time held + high festival, in the midst of solemn pomp, with mystic rite and + sacred song. From episcopal chairs erected in opposition to those + of the prelates in communion with the Roman Pontiff, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">that is to say</span></em>”</span>, explains + St. Cyprian, <span class="tei tei-q">“<em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">with the Catholic + Church</span></em>”</span>, intruded bishops counterfeited the + preaching of the lawful pastors, and with many a text from Holy + Writ, and with a plentiful use of holiest names, made a brave show + of belonging to those whom the Holy Ghost has placed to rule the + Church of God. But the make-believe was not successful. One glance + at the religious system of these men and at the Catholic Church was + enough to reveal the hollowness of their pretensions, + notwithstanding the ecclesiastical air they so studiously + cultivated. Hence St. Augustine thus writes about Emeritus, a + Donatist bishop (for whom, perhaps, some worthy layman, not averse + from proselytizing poor Catholics in the wild Numidian country + about Cethaquenfusca, had restored one of the old cathedrals), + <span class="tei tei-q">“Outside the pale of the Church (Emeritus) + may have everything except salvation. Honour he may have, a + sacrament he may have, he may sing <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">alleluia</span></span>, he may answer + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">amen</span></span>, he may have the Gospel, he + may both hold <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page400">[pg + 400]</span><a name="Pg400" id="Pg400" class="tei tei-anchor"></a> + and preach faith in the name of the Father and of the Son and of + the Holy Ghost; but nowhere save in the Catholic Church shall he be + able to find salvation”</span>—(<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Epist.</span></span> + clii.). And yet, at least in the beginning, the Donatists were but + schismatics; their heresy was of somewhat later growth. How much + stronger, then, becomes St. Augustine's argument when applied to + the Established Church of our times, in which heresy and + free-thinking have ravaged whatever schism had spared! The pamphlet + under notice in reality does but reëcho the holy Doctor's remarks. + An outline of St. Patrick's life and faith, drawn from + unimpeachable authorities, sets before us most clearly that the + ancient Catholic Church of Ireland differed far more from the + Church now usurping St. Patrick's Cathedral, than the ancient + Catholic Church of Africa from the Donatist body. The personal + history of our great apostle, his early training, his call to + preach, his ecclesiastical studies, his mission from Rome, his + doctrine about the Holy See, his essentially Catholic teaching, are + all plainly and forcibly Set forth, and contrasted with the + peculiarities of modern Protestantism. No candid mind can for a + moment hesitate to conclude with the writer, that the restoration + ceremony was <span class="tei tei-q">“a ghastly spectacle of + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">unreality</span></em>. It was a joyous revel + over a <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">lifeless</span></em> form: the body was there, + but not <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">the soul</span></em>. The beauty of early + years, which is oftentimes observed to resume its place, in death, + upon the face from which it had been long driven by weeks, or + months, or, perhaps, years of pain, the beauty of graceful outline, + and delicate feature, and placid, gentle expression—all that had + come back; and the church seemed as if but yesterday finished. But + the spirit of St. Patrick was not there; the creed which he taught + was not there; the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">true faith</span></em>, which is the soul, the + animating spirit of religion, was far away”</span>.</p> + </div> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <h2 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em"> + <span style="font-size: 144%">IV.</span></h2> + + <div class="block tei tei-quote" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em"> + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-size: 90%; font-style: italic">Vie et Institut de Saint + Alphonse Marie de Liguori, Evêque de Sainte Agathe des Goths, et + Fondateur de la Congregation du Tres-Saint + Redempteur.</span></span> <span style="font-size: 90%">Par son + Eminence le Cardinal Clement Villecourt, 4 vols. Tournai: + Casterman, 1864.</span> + </div> + + <p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Of this + excellent work we have only space to say at present that it is + worthy of its eminent author, and not unworthy of the great saint + whose life and virtues it sets forth. We hope to return to the + subject at a future time.</p> + </div> + </div> + </div> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-back" style= + "margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 6.00em"> + <div id="footnotes" class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <a name="toc15" id="toc15"></a> <a name="pdf16" id="pdf16"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Footnotes</span></h1> + + <dl class="tei tei-list-footnotes"> + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_1" name="note_1" href= + "#noteref_1">1.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext">The reader must not be surprised at + the name thus given to the See of Derry. Camden cites, from an + ancient Roman Provinciale, the name <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Rathlucensis</span></span> given to this see + (Publications of I. A. S., 1843, pag. 61), and O'Sullivan Beare + more than once designates the town of Derry by the Latin name + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Lucas</span></span>, and styles its bishop + <span class="tei tei-q">“Dirii vel Luci + Episcopus”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Hist. Cath.</span></span>, pag. 77, et + passim).</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_2" name="note_2" href= + "#noteref_2">2.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext">The cubit was originally the length of + the human arm from the elbow to the end of the middle finger. It is + variously estimated at from 16 to 22 inches. Our readers may form + an idea of the tabernacle and the court, sufficiently accurate for + all practical purposes, by allowing one yard English for every two + cubits. See Smith's <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Dictionary of the Bible</span></span>, or his + <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Dictionary of Greek and Roman + Antiquities</span></span>.</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_3" name="note_3" href= + "#noteref_3">3.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext">Our readers must not be surprised if + in this and in other instances we depart a little from the reading + of the Vulgate version, and adhere to the literal translation of + the Hebrew text. In controversy it is often desirable to + accommodate ourselves to the views and even to the prejudices of + our adversaries; and since the authority of the Hebrew text is + admitted by all classes of Christians, we appeal to it as a common + ground of argument. Besides, when the point in dispute depends on + the meaning of a Hebrew phrase, it will be always useful to have + the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">exact + words</span></em> of the Hebrew text before our eyes.</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_4" name="note_4" href= + "#noteref_4">4.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext">This mode of expression is perfectly + conformable to scriptural usage; for we read (<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Numbers</span></span>, x. 3) that <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">all the + assembly</span></em> (עדה) were directed to assemble themselves + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">to + Moses</span></em>: and again, (III. <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Kings</span></span>, + viii. 2) it is said that <span class="tei tei-q">“all the men of + Israel assembled themselves <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">unto King Solomon</span></em>”</span>.</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_5" name="note_5" href= + "#noteref_5">5.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext">Nordheim's <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Hebrew + Grammar</span></span>, § 148; see also Gesenius, § 53, <span class= + "tei tei-q">“<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Significations of Hiphil</span></span>. It is + properly <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">causative of kal</span></em>.”</span></dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_6" name="note_6" href= + "#noteref_6">6.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext">Accordingly, this is the first meaning + given for the word by Gesenius in his Lexicon. In this sense, too, + it is frequently employed in the Mosaic narrative. Here are two + examples, taken almost at random, in which we find the same word in + the same conjugation, mood, and tense: When Joseph, in prison, + asked the chief butler of Pharaoh to intercede for him with his + royal master, he added: <span class="tei tei-q">“And thou shalt + <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">bring + me</span></em> (והוצאתני—vehotzethani) out of this + prison”</span>—(<span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Gen.</span></span> xl. 14). Will Dr. Colenso + say that Joseph intended the chief butler should <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">carry + him</span></em> out of prison <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">on his back</span></em>? Again, when the Jews + murmured against Moses and Aaron in the desert, they cry out, + <span class="tei tei-q">“Ye have <em class= + "tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">brought us + forth</span></em> (הוצאתם—hotzethem) into this wilderness to kill + the whole multitude with hunger”</span>—(<span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">Ex.</span></span> + xvi. 3; also xiv. 11). They surely did not mean to say that Moses + and Aaron had <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style= + "font-style: italic">carried</span></em> the whole multitude out of + Egypt <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">on + their backs</span></em>.</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_7" name="note_7" href= + "#noteref_7">7.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext"><span class= + "tei tei-q">“Clove”</span>=Cloyne, Rymer's <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">Foedera</span></span>. Tom. v. par. iv. p. + 105; Lib. Mun. Tom. i. par. iv. p. 102.</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_8" name="note_8" href= + "#noteref_8">8.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext"><span class= + "tei tei-q">“Maccarthy=Carthy=Macare=Machar”</span>. Wadd. Annal. + Min. ad <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">an.</span></span> 1340, n. 25, <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">ed.</span></span> + Roman. Tom. viii. p. 241; <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">ibid.</span></span> Tom. xiii. p. 432, et pp. + 558-9.</dd> + + <dt class="tei tei-notelabel"><a id="note_9" name="note_9" href= + "#noteref_9">9.</a></dt> + + <dd class="tei tei-notetext"><span class="tei tei-q">“Kings of the + M'Carthy race”</span>, Annals of Innisfallen, ad <span class= + "tei tei-hi"><span style="font-style: italic">an.</span></span> + 1106, p. 106, <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">an.</span></span> 1108, 1110, 1176; Annals of + Boyle, <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">an.</span></span> 1138, 1185; Annals of + Ulster, <span class="tei tei-hi"><span style= + "font-style: italic">an.</span></span> 1022-3, 1124; Gir. Cambr., + lib. i. cap. iii.; S. Bernard, in Vit. Malac., cap. iv. + <span class="tei tei-q">“Their burial place”</span>, Archdall + Monast. Hib., pp. 302, 303.</dd> + </dl> + </div> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"> + <div id="pgfooter" class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em"> + <pre class="pre tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK IRISH ECCLESIASTICAL RECORD, VOLUME 1, MAY 1865*** +</pre> + <hr class="doublepage" /> + + <div class="tei tei-div" style= + "margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em"> + <a name="rightpageheader17" id="rightpageheader17"></a><a name= + "pgtoc18" id="pgtoc18"></a><a name="pdf19" id="pdf19"></a> + + <h1 class="tei tei-head" style= + "text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em"> + <span style="font-size: 173%">Credits</span></h1> + + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style= + "margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr> + <th class="tei tei-label tei-label-gloss">March 21, + 2012 </th> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tei tei-item tei-item-gloss"> + <table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" + style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em"> + <tbody> + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label"></th> + + <td class="tei tei-item">Project Gutenberg TEI + edition 1</td> + </tr> + + <tr class="tei tei-labelitem"> + <th class="tei tei-label"></th> + + <td class="tei tei-item"><span class= + "tei tei-respStmt"><span class= + "tei tei-name">Produced by Bryan Ness, David King, + and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at + <http://www.pgdp.net/>. 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