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diff --git a/39222-h/39222-h.htm b/39222-h/39222-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b96a21e --- /dev/null +++ b/39222-h/39222-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,3351 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> + <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> + <head> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of An Annotated Check List of the + Mammals of Michoacán, México, by E. Raymond Hall and Bernardo Villa R. + </title> + <style type="text/css"> + + body {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom:2em;} + p {text-align: justify; text-indent: 1.5em;} + sub, sup {font-size: 0.75em;} + sup {position: relative; top: 2px;} + sub {position: relative; top: -2px;} + table {margin-left: auto; padding:4px; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse;} + .brdbt {border-bottom: solid #000 1px;} + .brdtp2 {border-top: solid #000 2px; padding: 0.5em; font-size: 0.8em;} + .pagenum {position: absolute; left: 92%; text-indent:0; font-size: 0.75em; + text-align: right; color: #b0b0b0;} + .reference {margin-left: 5.5em; margin-top: 0; text-indent: -3em;} + .center {text-align: center;} + .text_lf {text-align: left;} + .text_rt {text-align: right;} + .text_rt1 {text-align: right; padding-right: 1em;} + .smaller {font-size: 0.85em;} + .smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} + .caption1, .caption2, .caption3 {text-align: center; text-indent: 0;} + .caption1 {font-weight: bold; font-size:2.00em; margin-top: 2em;} + .caption2 {font-weight: bold; font-size:1.50em; margin-top: 1.5em;} + .caption3 {font-weight: bold; font-size:1.15em; margin-top: 1em;} + .mrt2 {margin-top: 2em;} + .mrb2 {margin-bottom: 2em;} + .author {font-variant: small-caps; margin-top: 1.5em; text-indent: 0;} + .txtind0 { margin-top: 1.5em; text-indent: 0;} + .trans_notes {background:#d0d0d0; padding: 7px; border:solid black 1px;} + .species_ref {margin-left: 3em; text-indent: 1.5em; margin-top: 1em; + margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: justify;} + .species_name {margin-top: 1.5em; margin-bottom: 1em; text-align: center;} + .fig_center {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + .fig_caption {text-align: center; margin-bottom:1.5em;} + + </style> + </head> +<body> + + +<pre> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of An Annotated Check List of the Mammals of +Michoacán, México, by Bernardo Villa R. and E. Raymond Hall + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license + + +Title: An Annotated Check List of the Mammals of Michoacán, México + +Author: Bernardo Villa R. + E. Raymond Hall + +Release Date: March 22, 2012 [EBook #39222] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AN ANNOTATED CHECK LIST OF *** + + + + +Produced by Chris Curnow, Tom Cosmas, Joseph Cooper and +the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +http://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + + +<div class="fig_center"> +<a name="cover" id="cover"></a> +<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="293" height="480" alt="" /> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_433" id="Page_433">[433]</a></span></p> +<div class="center"> + +<h1 class="mrt2 mrb2">An Annotated Check List of the Mammals<br /> +of Michoacán, México</h1> + +<div class="caption3">BY</div> + +<div class="caption2">E. RAYMOND HALL and BERNARDO VILLA R.</div> + +<p class="center mrt2 mrb2">University of Kansas Publications<br /> +Museum of Natural History<br /> +<br /> +Volume 1, No. 22, pp. 431-472, 2 plates, 1 figure in text<br /> +December 27, 1949<br /> +<br /> +<br /> +University of Kansas<br /> +LAWRENCE<br /> +1949<br /> +</p> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_434" id="Page_434">[434]</a></span></p> + +<div class="center mrt2 mrb2"> +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History</span><br /> +<br /> +Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard,<br /> +Edward H. Taylor, Robert W. Wilson<br /> +<br /> +Volume 1, No. 22, pp. 431-472, 2 plates, 1 figure in text<br /> +December 27, 1949<br /> +<br /> +<span class="smcap">University of Kansas</span> +Lawrence, Kansas<br /> +<br /> +PRINTED BY<br /> +FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER<br /> +TOPEKA, KANSAS<br /> +1949<br /> +22-6113</p> + +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_435" id="Page_435">[435]</a></span></p> + +<p class="caption2">An Annotated Check List of the Mammals<br /> +of Michoacán, México</p> + +<p class="caption3"><small>By</small></p> + +<p class="caption3">E. RAYMOND HALL and BERNARDO VILLA R.</p> + + +<p class="caption2">INTRODUCTION</p> + +<p>When General Lázaro Cardenas was President of the Republic of México, +encouragement was given by his administration to linguistic groups of +native American peoples to record in printed form, eventually in their +native languages, accounts of their cultural accomplishments and +accounts of the natural resources of the regions concerned. For the +Tarascan "Empire" centering in the state of Michoacán, a committee of +Mexicans and citizens of the United States of America was formed to +forward these aims. Under the leadership of ethnologists on the +committee, especially Professor Daniel Rubin F. de la Borbolla and +Professor Ralph L. Beals, invitations to coöperate in the studies were +extended to biologists. One of us (Hall) was invited to investigate +the fauna of native wild mammals. In 1943, assisted by a fellowship +which Hall at that time held from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial +Foundation, and with support from Miss Annie M. Alexander, through the +University of California Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy, most of +March—March 3 to March 29, 1943—was spent in the state of Michoacán.</p> + +<p>Bernardo Villa R. of the Instituto de Biología de la Universidad +de México was a member of the party from March 23 to 27. Previously, +March 4 to 22, Roberto Alcántar from the Universidad de +Michoacán, in Morelia, participated in the field work. Mr. J. R. +Alcorn was active in the collecting from the beginning until he +entrained for the United States on March 24. The remainder of +the field party was made up of E. Raymond Hall, his wife Mary F. +Hall, and their three sons, William Joel, Hubert H., and Benjamin +D. Hall.</p> + +<p>From March 4 to 15 we collected at, and in the vicinity of, Pátzcuaro. +We were housed in two cottages kindly made available by +Sr. Efrain Buenrostro, in Campo Turista Janitzio, 200 meters northwest +of the railroad station in Colonia Revolución. The shore of +Lake Pátzcuaro, the cultivated fields surrounded by stone fences, +and the oak and pine forests roundabout provided varied habitats.</p> + +<p>From March 16 to 23 we collected in the territory 1 to 6 miles +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_436" id="Page_436">[436]</a></span> +south of Tacámbaro, making our headquarters in the Europa Hotel, +in the town. The steep main street of Tacámbaro with native pines +at the upper end descends to plantings of bananas and sugar cane +at the lower end. Our collecting all was done below (south of) the +town in the semitropical country and none at all was done above +(north of) the town.</p> + +<p>From March 24 to 27 (three night's trapping) we collected in the +vicinity of Zamora, making our headquarters in rooms diagonally +across the street intersection from the Hotel Fenix.</p> + +<p>The resulting specimens, approximately 650 in number, were deposited +in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoölogy at the University of +California at Berkeley.</p> + +<p>A noteworthy coincidence is that on the very day, February 26, on +which we crossed the international border into México at Laredo, the +beginning of the new volcano, Paricutín, was announced in the daily +press. Our collecting of mammals in Michoacán was nearly all done in +sight of the towering white plume of this rapidly heightening volcanic +cone and frequently our traps were thickly dusted with its wind-borne +ash. Our eagerness at that time to have stations established for +observing the effects on vertebrates of the deposition of ash, was +gratified in that Dr. Robert T. Hatt independently had the same idea +and such observations at appropriate places and times were begun by +him and staff members of the Museum of Zoölogy of the University of +Michigan. One of us, Villa, was privileged to share in these +observations in the spring of 1947.</p> + +<p>This continuing interest in the mammals of Michoacán has made +it seem, to us, the more desirable to place on record our findings +as to kinds and occurrence of species. In doing this we have examined +the collections made previously on Cerro Tancítaro and +vicinity by the field party led by Mr. Harry Hoogstraal from the +University of Illinois and the Chicago Natural History Museum. +The specimens of mammals collected by this field party are in the +Chicago Natural History Museum and we are obliged to Mr. Karl +P. Schmidt, Mr. Colin C. Sanborn and the late Dr. Wilfred H. +Osgood for the privilege of studying this material.</p> + +<p>Drs. William H. Burt and Emmet T. Hooper, of the Museum of +Zoölogy of the University of Michigan, lent to us for examination +five specimens of bats, of as many species, which they had taken +in Michoacán. Drs. Remington Kellogg and Henry W. Setzer have +provided us with data on specimens of deer and peccary from +Michoacán which are in the United States National Museum. +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_437" id="Page_437">[437]</a></span> +Specimens in the Institute of Biology of the University of México +have been used. Financial provision by the Kansas University +Endowment Association has enabled us to obtain specimens needed +for comparison from other parts of México.</p> + +<p>In addition to the materials mentioned above we have used published +references to mammals of Michoacán and have prepared the +following lists of kinds of mammals positively known to us to +occur in the Mexican state of Michoacán. It is noteworthy that +specimens recorded in the literature from Acámbaro, Michoacán, +no longer are to be ascribed to Michoacán, since a relocation of the +boundary between the states of Michoacán and Guanajuato, places +Acámbaro in the latter state.</p> + +<p>Our aims were: (1) To record kinds of mammals positively +known from the state, under the correct scientific name, and vernacular +names in English, Spanish, and Tarascan. The first Tarascan +name is given in the spelling used by Tarascans followed by the +phonetic equivalent in English in parentheses. (2) To indicate the +geographic range of each kind in the state, and, (3) To record +miscellaneous information which it is thought probably will be +useful in one way or another to other students whose work certainly +will lengthen the list of kinds of mammals known from Michoacán +and otherwise add to our knowledge of them.</p> + +<p>Several kinds of bats, of which we lack records, certainly occur +in Michoacán. Four or five kinds of cats (genus <i>Felis</i>), species of +the genera <i>Potos</i>, <i>Lutra</i>, <i>Tayra</i>, <i>Grison</i>, and several other kinds of +mammals of which we now lack positive record, also probably occur +there; the list of kinds, we expect, will number more than one +hundred species and subspecies when more intensive collecting has +been done in the state. In all, we have positive record of 85 kinds +of native, wild mammals of which specimens have been examined +or recorded from Michoacán. Distances and elevations here are +recorded either in the metric system or in the English system, according +to the system used on the labels of the specimens concerned. +Unless otherwise indicated, catalogue numbers of more than 100,000 +are of specimens in the University of California Museum of Vertebrate +Zoölogy and numbers of less than 100,000 are of the Chicago +Natural History Museum.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_438" id="Page_438">[438]</a></span></p> + +<div class="fig_center" style="width: 586px;"> +<img src="images/fig_1.png" width="586" height="507" alt="" title="" /> +<div class="fig_caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 1.</span> Map of the state of Michoacán showing place names mentioned in the +text.</div> +</div> + + + +<p class="caption2">ACCOUNTS OF SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES</p> + +<div class="species_name"> +<b>Didelphis mesamericana mesamericana</b> Oken<br /> +<br /> +Opossum; Spanish, Tlacuache; Tarascan, Ujkúri (Ukuri)<br /> +</div> + +<div class="species_ref"><i>Did</i>[<i>elphys</i>]. <i>mes-americana</i> Oken, Lehrbuch d. Naturgesch., pt. 3, +2:1152, 1816, type from northern México.</div> + +<div class="species_ref"><i>Didelphis mes-americana</i>, Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 16:256, +August 18, 1902.</div> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 7: nos. 100063-100067, 100074, 51396, distributed by localities +as follows: Pátzcuaro (3 mi. N, 6,700 ft., 1; 2 mi. W, 6,700 ft., 2; 5 mi. +S, 7,800 ft., 1), 4; Tancítaro, 1; 1-¾ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 1; 1 mi. E and +6 mi. S Tacámbaro, 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The coarse overhair is white all the way to the base +in three specimens but is black in its distal two thirds (white in basal +third) in four specimens. The overhair, six centimeters anterior to +the base of the tail, is 83 (80-85) mm. long in the three gray specimens +(those with white overhair) and 68 (64-72) mm. long in the +black specimens. The ears and all four feet are black. The tail +is black in its proximal half and white in its distal half except in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_439" id="Page_439">[439]</a></span> +one specimen in which the distal half is almost as dark as the +proximal half. Of the two largest specimens, one is a female from +1¾ mi. S Tacámbaro and the other, a male is from 6 mi. S of the +same place. Measurements are: Total length, ♂ 810, ♀ 786; +length of tail, ♂ 360, ♀ 348; length of hind foot, —, 58; condylobasal +length, 110.0; 99.6; zygomatic breadth, 68.5; 59.6; length of +nasals, 59.7, 45.0. The tail amounts to 48, 48 and 47 per cent of the +total length in specimens from Pátzcuaro; 50 per cent in one from +Tancítaro; 45 and 44 per cent in two from Tacámbaro. The subspecies +<i>mesamericana</i> probably intergrades with <i>Didelphis virginiana +virginiana</i> by way of <i>D. m. texensis</i> and <i>D. v. pigra</i>, as Davis +(1944:375) and other writers suggest, in which case the proper name +of the subspecies <i>mesamericana</i> would be <i>Didelphis virginiana mesamericana</i>. +Until intergradation is actually demonstrated, it seems +best to use the name <i>D. m. mesamericana</i>.</p> + +<p>Most of our specimens were caught in steel traps, at meat baits, +set for small carnivores.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Marmosa canescens canescens</b> (Allen)<br /> +<br /> +Murine Opossum; Spanish, Ratón Tlacuache<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Didelphis (Micoureus) canescens</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., +5:235, September 22, 1893, type from Santo Domingo de Guzman, Isthmus +of Tehuantepec, México.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Marmosa canescens</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:58, March +15, 1897.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Below <i>Quercus</i> belt, probably throughout western half of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 100062, 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The one unsexed subadult measures 5.5 mm. from Ml +to M3 inclusive, which measurement is near the minimum that +Tate (1933: table 1, Sec. 5) records for this subspecies but larger +than the maximum that he (<i>loc. cit.</i>) records for the subspecies +<i>sinaloae</i> which occurs to the northward of Michoacán. Tate (<i>op. +cit.</i>:141) lists two other specimens from Los Reyes. Our specimen +was caught in a mouse trap set in dry grass between a sugar cane field +and a patch of banana trees.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sorex saussurei saussurei</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Saussure Shrew; Spanish, Musaraña<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sorex saussurei</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 7:173, September +29, 1892, type from north slope Sierra Nevada de Colima, approximately +8,000 feet, Jalisco.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—In and above <i>Quercus</i> belt, probably throughout northeastern half +of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 14: nos. 8688, 52131-52141, 100076, 100077, distributed +by localities as follows: Pátzcuaro, 1; 4 mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 2; Mount +Tancítaro (7,800 ft., 8; 9,500 ft., 1; 9,600 ft., 1; 10,000 ft., 1), 11.</p> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_440" id="Page_440">[440]</a></span></p> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Two males from Mount Tancítaro, with much worn +teeth, catalogue nos. 52132 and 52138, measure, respectively, as follows: +Total length, 122, 114; length of tail, 46, 43; length of hind +foot, 15, 14; condylobasal length, 18.4, 18.3; palatal length, 8.0, 7.3; +cranial breadth, 9.4, 9.2; least interorbital breadth, 3.7, 3.8; maxillary +breadth, 5.5, 5.5; maxillary tooth-row, 6.8, 6.7. The long palate +in no. 52132 and the broad brain case in both specimens appear to be +only individual variations or possibly variations correlated with the +advanced age of the two animals since in other features they do not +differ from specimens which are smaller in these two dimensions. +Jackson (1928:156) records specimens of this shrew from Mount +Patambán and Nahuatzin.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Cryptotis pergracilis pergracilis</b> (Elliot)<br /> +<br /> +Short-tailed Shrew; Spanish, Musaraña Colicorta<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Blarina pergracilis</i> Elliot, Field Columb. Mus., publ. 71, zoöl. ser., +3:149, February, 1903, type from Ocotlan, Jalisco, México.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Cryptotis pergracilis pergracilis</i>, Miller, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +24:223, October 31, 1911.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 1721 B. Villa R. from Colonia Ibarra, Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Our one specimen, originally a mount, proves to have +a crushed brain case. The specimen was saved on March 10, 1944, +by P. Luna, who in March, 1943, told one of us (Hall) that many +of these shrews fell into the cement fish-rearing tanks at the biological +station situated at Colonia Ibarra, a suburb of Pátzcuaro, on the +shore of Lake Pátzcuaro. We are indebted to Dr. H. H. T. Jackson +for examining our specimen and assigning a name to it.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Balantiopteryx plicata</b> Peters<br /> +<br /> +Sac-winged Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Sacoptero; +Tarascan word for bat is Huasís (Wasis)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Balantiopteryx plicata</i> Peters, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. Wiss. +Berlin, p. 476, 1867, type from Puntaarenas, Costa Rica.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 2: nos. 52224, 52225, from Apatzingan, 1,040 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—This bat is a cave dweller, not infrequently found +roosting with other species.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Glossophaga soricina leachii</b> (Gray)<br /> +<br /> +Long-tongued Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Siricotéro<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Monophyllus leachii</i> Gray, Voyage of the Sulphur, Zoöl., 1:18, 1844, +type from Realejo, Nicaragua.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Glossophaga soricina leachii</i>, Miller, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., 46:419, +December 31, 1913.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_441" id="Page_441">[441]</a></span></p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 4: nos. 11377, Univ. Kan., and alcoholic specimens +nos. 950-952 B. Villa R. field numbers, I. B. (specimens in Instituto de Biología, +Univ. de México), distributed by localities as follows: Hacienda El Sabino, +Michoacán, approximately 25 mi. S Uruapan, 1; El Guayabo, 34 kms. S Uruapan, 3.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Specimens from El Guayabo were taken in a natural +cave which they shared with <i>Desmodus rotundus murinus</i> and <i>Artibeus +planirostris planirostris</i>.</p> + +<p>The length of the thumb averages 7.4 mm. (7.0 to 7.7). As compared +with <i>G. s. alticola</i> from northeast Tlaxcala according to the +description given by Davis (1944:377), our specimens agree with +<i>alticola</i> in length of thumb. In all other characters they correspond +to <i>leachii</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Choeronycteris mexicana</b> Tschudi<br /> +<br /> +ongued Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Carilargo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Choeronycteris mexicana</i> Tschudi, Fauna Peruana, +p. 72, 1844, type from México.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 4: nos. 100078-100081, from 2 mi. W Pátzcuaro, 7,700 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—A colony of 20 or more bats of this species was found +in a natural cave. Four were caught by hand as they flew about +after we disturbed them. We returned on the following day, but +found that all the bats had left.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Leptonycteris nivalis nivalis</b> (Saussure)<br /> +<br /> +Leaf-nosed Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Lengüilarga<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>M</i>[=<i>Ischnoglossa</i>]. <i>nivalis</i> Saussure, Revue et Magasin de Zoölogie, +12(ser. 2):492, November, 1860, type from near snow line on Mount Orizaba.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Leptonycteris nivalis</i>, Miller, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 13:126, April +6, 1900.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably middle and higher altitudes through state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 91911, Univ. Michigan Mus. Zoöl., from 1050 m., +12 miles (on Huetamo Road) south of Tzitzio.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The subspecific name <i>L. n. nivalis</i> is tentatively applied +to this specimen in the absence of an opportunity to compare +it directly with the holotype or topotypes of <i>Leptonycteris nivalis +yerbabuenae</i> Martinez and Villa (1940:291). Unfortunately, the +materials on which this name, <i>L. n. yerbabuenae</i>, was based all +were destroyed in 1945 or 1946 while Villa was absent from the +Institute of Biology of the University of México.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Artibeus planirostris planirostris</b> (Spix)<br /> +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_442" id="Page_442">[442]</a></span> +<br /> +Big Leaf-nosed Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Zapotero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Phyllostoma planirostre</i> Spix, Simiarum et vespertilionum Brasiliensium, +p. 66, 1823, type from suburbs of Bahia, Brazil.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Artibeus planirostris</i>, Dobson, Catal. Chiroptera, British Mus., p. 515 +(part), 1878.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably southwestern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 945b B. Villa R., field no., I.B., El Guayabo, +34 kms. S Uruapan.</p> + +<p><i>Measurements.</i>—Head and body, 89.0 mm.; total length of skull to front of +upper canines, 28.0; mastoid breadth, 15.5; zygomatic breadth, 17.8; maxillary +width across first upper molars, 13.2; breadth across cingula of upper canines, 7.9; +greatest length of one ramus of lower jaw including anteriormost incisor tooth, +19.4; length of upper tooth-row, anterior border of canine to posterior border +of M2, 10.4; length of lancet (nose-leaf), 9.0; width of lancet, 6.5; width of +horseshoe, 9.0; forearm, 57.3; 3rd metacarpal, 52.6; 1st (basal) phalanx, 16.0; +2nd (middle) phalanx, 26.7; 3rd (distal) phalanx, 18.5; 4th metacarpal, 50.7; +1st (basal) phalanx, 14; 2nd phalanx, 18.8; 5th metacarpal, 54; 1st (basal) +phalanx, 11.2; 2nd phalanx, 13.2; lower leg, 22.9; foot with claws, 15.2; calcar, +6.5.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Our single specimen, a female, was caught on July +28, 1945, by my (B. Villa's) father, Andres Villa, in a natural cave, +roosting with the individuals of <i>Glossophaga s. leachii</i>. The northernmost +locality in México from which <i>A. p. planirostris</i> previously +has been recorded is El Papayo, in the state of Guerrero (Andersen, +1908:238), approximately 225 kilometers to the southward. <i>A. p. +planirostris</i> and <i>Artibeus jamaicensis</i> closely resemble each other +but <i>A. planirostris</i> may be recognized by the presence of a minute +M3 which is absent in <i>A. jamaicensis</i>. Specimen no. 945b has M3 +present on both sides of the upper jaw. From <i>Artibeus hirsutus</i>, +known from La Salada, Michoacán, approximately 40 miles north +and slightly to the east of El Guayabo, our specimen differs in the +apparently hairless tibia and interfemoral membrane. The measurements, +of no. 945b, recorded above, if compared with those given +by Andersen (1908:246) are seen mostly to fall within the range +recorded for <i>A. hirsutus</i>. Where measurements are outside this +range, they fall within the range of those of the larger <i>A. p. planirostris</i>. +We recognize that the Mexican species of <i>Artibeus</i> are not +well understood, at least by us.</p> + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Artibeus hirsutus</b> K. Andersen<br /> +<br /> +Leaf-nosed Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Zapotero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Artibeus hirsutus</i> K. Andersen, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., 18(ser. 7):420, +December, 1906, type from La Salada, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known from western part of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_443" id="Page_443">[443]</a></span></p> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—From Michoacán, Andersen (1908:247) examined +three specimens, all from the type locality.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Desmodus rotundus murinus</b> Wagner<br /> +<br /> +Vampire Bat; Spanish, Vampiro<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>D</i>[<i>esmodus</i>]. <i>murinus</i> Wagner, Schreber's Säugethiere, Suppl., 1:377, 1840, +type from México.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Desmodus rotundus murinus</i>, Osgood, Field Mus. Nat. Hist., publ. 155, +zoöl. ser., 10:63, January 10, 1912.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide, except rare or absent at higher altitudes.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 6: nos. 944-949 B. Villa R. field numbers, I.B., El +Guayabo, 34 kms. S Uruapan.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—This species is colonial; usually it is found in large +numbers in favorite roosting sites, mainly in natural caves. Four +of our specimens, caught in July, are females and two are young +males. One, female, no. 944, has one embryo of 40 mm. in length.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Myotis yumanensis lutosus</b> Miller and Allen<br /> +<br /> +Yuma Myotis; Spanish, Murciélago de Yuma<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Myotis yumanensis lutosus</i> Miller and Allen, U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull., +144:72, May 25, 1928, type from Pátzcuaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Myotis yumanensis</i>, Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, + 13:67, October 16, 1897.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from Pátzcuaro and El Molino.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Originally recorded by Miller (1897:67) from Pátzcuaro, +the animals from central México were named as a new subspecies +by Miller and Allen (1928:72) who record one specimen +from El Molino.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Myotis velifer velifer</b> (Allen)<br /> +<br /> +Cave Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Vespertino<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Vespertilio velifer</i> J. A. Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 3:177, +December 10, 1890, type from Santa Cruz del Valle, Guadalajara, Jalisco.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Myotis velifer velifer</i>, Allen and Miller, + U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull., 144:89, May 25, 1928.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 17: nos. 100083-100099, from 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, +6,700 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Our specimens were taken on March 12, 1943, from +a crevice in the wall of an abandoned chapel where 35 or more +individuals of both sexes were living. Miller (1897:59) records +the species from Pátzcuaro and Miller and Allen (1928:91) record +it from there and also from Lake Chapala, La Palma, Acámbaro +(now in Guanajuato) and Negrete.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_444" id="Page_444">[444]</a></span></p> + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Myotis thysanodes thysanodes</b> Miller<br /> +<br /> +Fringed-tailed Myotis; Spanish, Murciélago Colirugosa<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Myotis thysanodes</i> Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:80, October 16, 1897, +type from Old Fort Tejon, Kern County, California.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—In the original description five specimens are recorded +from Pátzcuaro and Miller and Allen (1928:127) mention the same +locality of occurence.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Myotis californicus mexicanus</b> (Saussure)<br /> +<br /> +California Myotis; Spanish, Murciélago de California<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>V</i>[<i>espertilio</i>]. <i>mexicanus</i> Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zoöl., 12 (ser. 2):282, +1860, type from somewhere in the warmer part of the state of México.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Myotis californicus mexicanus</i>, Miller, N. Amer. +Fauna, 13:73, October 16, 1897.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known in Michoacán only from Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Specimens from Pátzcuaro are recorded by Miller +and Allen (1928:160).</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Eptesicus fuscus miradorensis</b> (H. Allen)<br /> +<br /> +Big Brown Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Fusco<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>S</i>[<i>cotophilus</i>]. <i>miradorensis</i> H. Allen, Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, +p. 287, 1866, type from Mirador, Veracruz.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Eptesicus fuscus miradorensis</i>, Miller, N. Amer. Land Mamm., 1911, +p. 62, December 31, 1912.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 91909, Univ. Michigan, Mus. Zoöl., from Rancho +Escondido, one mile north of Apo, 6,000 feet elevation, June 29, 1947, female +adult, taken by W. H. Burt.</p> +</div> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Lasiurus borealis mexicanus</b> (Saussure)<br /> +<br /> +Red Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Rojizo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>A</i>[<i>talapha</i>]. <i>mexicana</i> Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zoöl., 13(2):97, +March, 1861, type probably from Veracruz, Puebla or Oaxaca.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lasiurus borealis mexicanus</i>, Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:111, October +16, 1897.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably larger part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 89446, Univ. Michigan, Mus. Zoöl., from Nuevo +San Juan (Los Conejos), 5 mi. SW Uruapan, May 23, 1945, by W. H. Burt.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—This specimen, a male with much worn teeth, answers +well to the description of <i>L. b. mexicanus</i> except that the minute +premolar between the canine and fourth premolar is missing on +each side of the upper jaw. This, however, seems the less remarkable +after examination of 18 skulls of <i>L. b. borealis</i> from the United +States in two of which these minute premolars are likewise absent; +one of the two specimens from the United States has unworn teeth +and the other much worn teeth.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_445" id="Page_445">[445]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Lasiurus cinereus cinereus</b> (Beauvois)<br /> +<br /> +Hoary Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Pardo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Vespertilio cinereus</i> (misspelled <i>linereus</i>) Beauvois, Catal. Raisonné +Mus. Peale, Philadelphia, p. 18, 1796, type locality, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lasiurus cinereus</i>, H. Allen, Monogr. N. Amer. Bats, Smithsonian +Misc. Colls., 7(1): 12, June, 1864.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Higher elevations throughout state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 89456, Univ. Michigan Mus. Zoöl., from Barranca +Seca, May 6, 1945, adult male with much worn teeth, obtained by W. H. Burt.</p> +</div> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Corynorhinus rafinesquii mexicanus</b> G. M. Allen<br /> +<br /> +Long-eared Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Narigudo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Corynorhinus megalotis mexicanus</i> Allen, G. M., Bull. Mus. Comp. +Zoöl., 60:347, April, 1916, type from "near Pacheco," Chihuahua.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Corynorhinus rafinesquii mexicanus</i>, Miller, U. S. Nat. Mus., Bull., +128:83, April 29, 1924.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Corynorhinus macrotis pallescens</i>, Miller, N. Amer. Fauna, 13:52, +October 16, 1897.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known from only Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Miller (1897:53) recorded one specimen from Pátzcuaro +and Allen (1916:349) merely alludes to Miller's record.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Tadarida mexicana</b> (Saussure)<br /> +<br /> +Mexican Free-tailed Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Coludo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Molossus mexicanus</i> Saussure, Rev. et Mag. de Zoöl., 12:283, July, +1860, type from Cofre de Perote, 13,000 feet, Veracruz.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Tadarida mexicana</i>, Miller, Bull. U. S. + Nat. Mus., 128:86, April 29, 1924.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 12: nos. 100100-100111, distributed by localities as follows: +1 mi. N Zamora, 5,450 ft., 1; 3 mi. N Pátzcuaro, 6,800 ft., 3; 3 mi. NW +Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft., 3; Isla Janitzio, Lago de Pátzcuaro, 6,600 ft., 5.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—This species is widespread in México, ranging from +sea level to high elevations as at the type locality. In Michoacán +most of our specimens were shot as they flew about at early dusk. +The five from Isla Janitzio were shot as they clung to the roof of a +cave along with scores of other individuals of the same species.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Eumops underwoodi underwoodi</b> Goodwin<br /> +<br /> +Mastiff Bat; Spanish, Murciélago Mastin<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Eumops underwoodi</i> Goodwin, Amer. Mus. Novitates, 1075:2, June +27, 1940, type from El Pedrero, 6 km. N Chinaela, approximately 3,000 +ft. elevation, Dept. La Paz, Honduras.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from Tancítaro Mtn.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 89461, Univ. Michigan Mus. Zoöl., from Rancho +Escondido, 2 mi. N Apo, Tancítaro Mtn., ♀ ad. with much worn teeth, taken +June 11, 1945, by W. H. Burt.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Selected measurements of this specimen are: Total +length, 158; ear from notch, 32; mastoid breadth, 16.1; width across<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_446" id="Page_446">[446]</a></span> +crowns of M3, 12.6; maxillary tooth-row (from anterior face of +canine above cingulum to posterior face of M3), 11.8. The total +length is less than in <i>E. underwoodi</i> or than in <i>Eumops sonoriensis</i> +Benson (1947:133); the other measurements given above exceed +those of <i>E. sonoriensis</i> and equal or approach those of <i>E. underwoodi</i>. +The ears seem not to be connected across the forehead; the +color is near (<i>l</i>) Bister above and slightly lighter on the underparts.</p> + +<p>The specimen is clearly intermediate in size, as it also is geographically, +between <i>Eumops underwoodi underwoodi</i> Goodwin and +<i>Eumops underwoodi sonoriensis</i> Benson and gives basis for arranging +these two named kinds as subspecies of a single species as Benson +(1947:134) suggested might prove to be necessary. We are not +certain whether this specimen should be referred to the subspecies +<i>underwoodi</i> or <i>sonoriensis</i> and probably this uncertainty will remain +until the range of individual variation in <i>underwoodi</i> is known.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Procyon lotor hernandezii</b> Wagler<br /> +<br /> +Raccoon; Spanish, Mapache; Tarascan, Apátze (Apatz)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Pr</i>[<i>ocyon</i>] <i>hernandezii</i> Wagler, Isis, 24:514, + 1831, type from Valley of México, according to Nelson and Goldman + (Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 44:17, February 21, 1931).</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Procyon lotor hernandezii</i>, Allen, Bull. + Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 3:176, December 10, 1890.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 2: no. 100113 from 10 mi. ESE Zamora, 5,500 ft., 1; +no. 52220 from 15 kms. W Apatzingan, 1,040 ft., 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—In allusion to its habit of washing its food, in captivity +at least, before eating it, the Spanish speaking people often +refer to this species as <i>ositos labadores</i>. The specimen from 10 mi. +ESE Zamora is a skull without lower jaws or indication of sex. +Because the racoons damage corn in the roasting ear stage the +animals are disliked by the farmers, a score of whom sometimes +band together in an organized hunt to kill the animals. Dogs are +especially trained to hunt them. In Michoacán no use is made of +the pelts.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Nasua narica molaris</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Coati; Spanish, Pizote; Tarascan, Amátze (Amatz)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Nasua narica molaris</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. + Soc. Washington, 15:68, March 22, 1902, type from Manzanillo, Colima; + Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 55:79, June 25, 1942.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably all but higher parts of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—We have no positive record of this animal which +Goldman (1942:79) writes "is widely distributed from Jalisco south +through Colima, Michoacán, ... to southwestern Oaxaca." +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_447" id="Page_447">[447]</a></span> +In the parts of Michoacán visited by us the Spanish name tejón +instead of pizote was used for this animal although in parts of +México where the badger (<i>Taxidea</i>) occurs, tejón is, we understand, +the name used for the badger.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Bassariscus astutus consitus</b> Nelson and Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Ring-tailed Cat; Spanish, Cacomixtle<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Bassariscus astutus consitus</i> Nelson and + Goldman, Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., 22:487, October 19, 1932, + type from La Salada, 40 mi. S Uruapan, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably greater part, or all, of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 100112 from 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—La Salada and three miles northwest of Pátzcuaro +are the two localities represented by actual specimens. A live animal, +at night, was seen one mile east and four miles south of +Tacámbaro at 4,500 feet elevation. The young female from three +miles northwest of Pátzcuaro was trapped at a break in a stone +fence.</p> + +<p>Ring-tailed cats live in the stone walls, crevices and rocky ledges, +around corn fields and pasture lands.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Mustela frenata leucoparia</b> (Merriam)<br /> +<br /> +Weasel; Spanish, Comadreja; Tarascan, Apásr or Apatzee (Apatz)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Putorius frenatus leucoparia</i> Merriam, + N. Amer. Fauna, 11:29, June 30, 1896, type from Pátzcuaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Mustela frenata leucoparia</i>, Miller, Bull. + U. S. Nat. Mus., 79:100, December 31, 1912.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 6: in Biological Surveys Collection of U. S. Nat. Mus., +nos. 120304, 125972, 34914/47179, 36855/49239, and 34915/47180; 2014 B. Villa R., +I.B., distributed as follows: Zamora, 1; Los Reyes, 1; Pátzcuaro, 4.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—This subspecies of weasel is notable for having, among +American weasels of any kind, the maximum amount of white on +the head. When collecting at Pátzcuaro we saw no live specimens +but were shown several from there that had been recently mounted +by P. Luna. He regarded the animal as not especially rare.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Spilogale angustifrons angustifrons</b> Howell<br /> +<br /> +Spotted Skunk; Spanish, Zorrillo Manchado<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Spilogale angustifrons</i> Howell, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 15:242, +December 16, 1902, type from Tlalpam, D. F.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably all of state except low coastal area.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 100126, 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The short tail of our specimen, an adult male, is noteworthy +as perhaps also is the breadth between the orbits. External<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_448" id="Page_448">[448]</a></span> +measurements are 338, 101, 39. It weighed 308 grams. Selected +cranial measurements are: Basilar length, 44.1; zygomatic breadth, +32.4; postpalatal length, 26.6; least interorbital breadth, 13.8; height +of cranium, 16.0. The specimen was trapped in a hole in a stone +fence. Howell (1906:23), under the name <i>Spilogale gracilis</i>, recorded +another male from Pátzcuaro.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Mephitis macroura macroura</b> Lichtenstein<br /> +<br /> +Hooded Skunk; Spanish, Zorrillo or Mofeta Rayada; Tarascan, +Cuitziqui (Kweetzeke)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Mephitis macroura</i> Lichtenstein, Darstellung Neuer oder wenig bekannter +Säugethiere pl. 46, 1832, type from mountains northwest of +México City.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 12: nos. 100114-100125, distributed with reference to +Pátzcuaro, as follows: 3 mi. NW, 6,700 ft., 1; 2 mi. W, 7,600 and 7,000 ft., 2; +3½ mi. S, 7,900 ft., 1; 4 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 2; 5 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 5; 9 mi. SE, 8,000 +ft., 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Skunk tracks were abundant in all localities around +Pátzcuaro. Most of our specimens were caught in steel traps, some +along the edges of cornfields, others along the highway and along +the pole fences. Tarascan friends at Colonia Revolución were eager +to have the bodies of the skunks which we caught. They regarded +the skunks as a delicacy and told us that this food was reputed to +be good for a person's blood and complexion.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Conepatus mesoleucus nelsoni</b> Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Hog-nosed Skunk; Spanish, Zorillo Real<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Conepatus mesoleucus nelsoni</i> Goldman, Jour. Mamm., + 3:41, February 8, 1922, type from Armería (near Manzanillo), Colima, + 200 ft. altitude.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably greater part, or all, of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 52217, Tancítaro, 6,000 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The name <i>C. m. nelsoni</i> is tentatively used for the +single skin, which is without skull or indication of sex.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Urocyon cinereoargenteus colimensis</b> Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Gray Fox; Spanish, Zorra Gris; Tarascan, Cúmihuátz (Cumewatz)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Urocyon cinereoargenteus colimensis</i> Goldman, Jour. Washington Acad. +Sci., 28:495, November 15, 1938, type from 3 mi. W city of Colima, 1,700 +ft. elevation.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 2: no. 100127, from 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, +4,000 ft., and no. 51393 from Apatzingan.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The female from southeast of Tacámbaro, caught on +March 20, 1943, had two embryos, 28 mm. in length. This female +was trapped near a small stream. Goldman (1938:497) reported +7 specimens of <i>U. c. colimensis</i> from the following localities in the +state: La Huacana, 1; La Salada, 2; Los Reyes, 1; Mount Tancítaro, +1; Pátzcuaro, 2.</p> + +<div class="caption1">PLATE 4</div> + +<div class="fig_center" style="width: 649px; margin-bottom: 1em;"> +<img src="images/pl_4_fig_1.png" width="649" height="364" alt="" title="" /> +<p class="fig_caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 1.</span> Panoramic view of Lake Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<div class="fig_center" style="width: 653px; margin-bottom: 1em;"> +<img src="images/pl_4_fig_2.png" width="647" height="522" alt="" title="" /> +<p class="fig_caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 2.</span> Stuffed skins, in dorsal view, of 6 males of Mephitis macroura +macroura, all trapped within a radius of 5 miles of Pátzcuaro, to show the +amount of individual variation in color-pattern. × <sup>1</sup>⁄<sub>10</sub>.<br /> +Photo by W. C. Matthews.</p> +</div> + +<div class="caption1">PLATE 5</div> + +<div class="fig_center" style="width: 641px; margin-bottom: 1em;"> +<img src="images/pl_5_fig_1.png" width="641" height="360" alt="" title="" /> +<p class="fig_caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 1.</span> Ungrazed pasture with oaks on slope of El Estribo, 7,700 feet elevation, +two miles west of the town of Pátzcuaro, Michoacán. Several species of +rodents, Liomys, Sigmodon, and Peromyscus were taken abundantly in the +grass in the immediate foreground. Photo March 16, 1943, by Mary F. Hall.</p> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_449" id="Page_449">[449]</a></span></p> +<div class="fig_center" style="width: 641px; margin-bottom: 1em;"> +<img src="images/pl_5_fig_2.png" width="641" height="425" alt="" title="" /> +<p class="fig_caption"><span class="smcap">Fig. 2.</span> Xerophitic vegetation, eleven miles west of Zamora, Michoacán. +5,750 feet elevation, where rodents were trapped. Photo March 26, 1943, by +Mary F. Hall.</p> +</div> + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Canis latrans cagottis</b> (Hamilton Smith)<br /> +<br /> +Coyote; Spanish, Coyote; Tarascan, Jihuátz (Hewatz)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lyciscus cagottis</i> Hamilton Smith, Jardine's Naturalist's Library, +Mamm., 9:164, 1839, type from Río Frío between city of México and +Puebla.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Canis latrans cagottis</i>, Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 45:224, +November 26, 1932.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably most of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—On March 27 or 28, 1943, in Morelia, at a gasoline +filling station, one of us (Hall) saw a freshly killed coyote tied on +the bumper of the automobile of a Medical Doctor. In response to +inquiry about the animal the Doctor said that he killed it some 15 +miles northeast of town.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Lynx rufus escuinapae</b> Allen<br /> +<br /> +Bobcat; Spanish, Gato del Monte; Tarascan, Misícpápu (misicpapu)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lynx ruffus escuinapae</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19:614, November +14, 1903, type from Escuinapa, Sinaloa.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably all of state above the Tropical Life-zone.</p> + +<p><i>Specimen examined</i>, 1: no. 47818 (U. S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Surv. Coll.), Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The skull of the male from Pátzcuaro agrees well with +those of topotypes of <i>L. r. escuinapae</i> even to the elongate tympanic +bullae. Because of their elongation the bullae resemble, in some +degree, those of the ocelot. Natives told us that the gato del monte +was resident around Pátzcuaro. Four miles south of Pátzcuaro in +a cornfield at the edge of an area grown up to oak trees and brush, +tracks were seen that our Indian companion identified as those of +the gato del monte.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Citellus variegatus variegatus</b> (Erxleben)<br /> +<br /> +Rock Squirrel; Spanish, Ardilla de Pedregal; Tarascan, +Kuaráki (Kuaraki)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref">[<i>Sciurus</i>] <i>variegatus</i> Erxleben, Syst. Regni, Anim., 1:421, 1777; type +locality fixed as Valley of México near the city of México, by Nelson, +Science, N. S., 8:898, December 23, 1898.</p> + +<p class="species_ref">[<i>Citellus</i>] <i>variegatus</i>, Elliot, Field Columb. Mus. Pub., zoöl. ser. 4:148, +1904.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably in all semi-arid, rocky habitats of the state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 11: nos. 100128-100135; 51385-51387, distributed by lo<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_450" id="Page_450">[450]</a></span>calities +as follows: 1 mi. N Zamora, 5,450 ft., 1; 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, 6,700 +ft., 5; 4 mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 1; 1-½ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 1; Mount +Tancítaro, 1; Pedregal, Tancítaro, 1; Tancítaro, 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Rock squirrels were seen along rock fences, around +Pátzcuaro, where they are fairly common. On July 17 and 18, +1947, at San Juan Parangaricutiro, one of us (Villa) saw these +squirrels running over the newly formed lava bed which was still +emitting vapors and which in places (between boulders) was +emitting heat detectable by the collectors. This is only additional +evidence of the animal's strong predilection for rocks, boulders and +cliffs, which has earned for it, in parts of the western United States, +the vernacular name "rock squirrel" and in México "<i>Ardilla de +Pedregal</i>."</p> + +<p>Howell (1938:138) reported specimens from the following localities: +Acámbaro, 1; Los Reyes, 1; Mount Tancítaro, 2; Pátzcuaro, +12; Queréndaro, 1; Zamora, 2.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Citellus adocetus adocetus</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Lesser Tropical Ground Squirrel; Spanish, Cuiniqui; Tarascan, +Kuaráki (Kuaraki)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Citellus adocetus</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 16:79, May +29, 1903, type from La Salada, 40 miles south of Uruapan, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Southern part of state in arid tropical land.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 4: nos. 52000, 52001, 51388, 51389, distributed by localities +as follows: "Near Tancítaro," 2; Acahuato, 1; Apatzingan, 1,040 ft., 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Ground squirrels of this species are fairly abundant +in the arid tropical parts of the state. Their burrows are usually +found on stony areas along small ravines or under mesquite (<i>Prosopis +juliflora</i>) thickets. The name cuiniqui in use by the Spanish +speaking population is merely a corruption of the Tarascan name. +Cuiniqui, therefore, is a particular kind of <i>ardilla terrícola</i> (ground +squirrel).</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sciurus poliopus nemoralis</b> Nelson<br /> +<br /> +Michoacán Squirrel; Spanish, Ardilla arborícola; Tarascan, +Uakuí (Wakqe)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sciurus albipes nemoralis</i> Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc, Washington, 12:151, +June 3, 1898, type from Pátzcuaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sciurus poliopus nemoralis</i> Nelson, Proc. Washington Acad. Sci., 1:50, +May 9, 1899.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Pine and oak forests of most of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 3: nos. 2102 and 2103 Louisiana State University from +20 mi. E Morelia, 7,300 ft., and no. 1369 B. Villa R. from 1½ km. N San Juan +2,250 meters.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Tree squirrels of this kind have been reported by +Nelson (1899:51) from Pátzcuaro and Nahuatzin.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_451" id="Page_451">[451]</a></span></p> + +<p>The young specimen, no. 2102, ♂, has the tail slender, resembling +somewhat that of the <i>S. p. senex</i> from the southward. The underparts +of the female are Warm Buff, more clearly so on the underside +of the legs.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sciurus poliopus senex</b> Nelson<br /> +<br /> +Michoacán Squirrel; Spanish, Ardilla Arborícola; Tarascan, +Uakuí (Wakqe)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sciurus poliopus senex</i> Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 17:148, +October 6, 1904, type from La Salada, 40 mi. S Uruapan.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Lowlands in southern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 3: nos. 52004, 52014, 52015, distributed by localities as +follows: Tancítaro, 6,000 ft., 1; Apatzingan, 1,040 ft., 2.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Specimen number 52014, ♂, represents the melanistic +phase of this subspecies.</p> + +<p>The upper parts of the hind legs in this specimen are slightly +grizzled. The upper side of the tail is vermiculated with whitish +and the underside of the tail is black.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Thomomys umbrinus pullus</b> Hall and Villa<br /> +<br /> +Southern Pocket Gopher; Spanish, Tuza Serrana; Tarascan, Cúmu (Cŏmŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Thomomys umbrinus pullus</i> Hall and Villa, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. +Nat. Hist., 1:251, July 26, 1948, type from 5 miles south Pátzcuaro, 7,800 +ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from pine-covered rolling land three to five miles south +of Pátzcuaro.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 17: nos. 100136-100152, distributed by localities as follows: +3 mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 1; 4 mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 10; 5 mi. S +Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 6.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Most of these pocket gophers were caught in areas +supporting a good growth of pine trees in the same places where +the much larger pocket gopher, <i>Cratogeomys gymnurus</i>, lived. Concerning +the individual designated as the type specimen, H. H. Hall +(field notes) writes that when he was making an excavation to reveal +the gopher's burrow (5 inches below the surface), he dug deeper +than was necessary and broke into the burrow of a <i>Cratogeomys</i> +directly below. Another of us (E. R. Hall) had the same experience +where the burrow of a <i>Thomomys</i> was approximately six inches +below ground and that of a <i>Cratogeomys</i> approximately 16 inches +below the surface of the ground. At the time this arrangement +led us to wonder if <i>Thomomys</i> was in some sense a "parasite" on +the larger <i>Cratogeomys</i> by levying on food stores, if <i>Cratogeomys</i> +has any, but we found no evidence that such was the case and from +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_452" id="Page_452">[452]</a></span> +our subsequent trapping concluded that the two-story arrangement +was accidental and not the rule. The habit of burrowing at different +levels probably was one factor which permitted the two kinds of +pocket gophers to live in the same area. The average weight of +these gophers was 86 grams in males and 74 grams in females, or +only an eighth as much as in <i>Cratogeomys</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Cratogeomys gymnurus imparilis</b> (Goldman)<br /> +<br /> +Plains Pocket Gopher; Spanish, Tuza Llanera; Tarascan, +Cúmu (Cŏmŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Platygeomys gymnurus imparilis</i>, Goldman, Jour. Mamm., 20:89, February +14, 1939, type from Pátzcuaro, 7,000 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Platygeomys tylorhinus</i> Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna, 8:167, pl. 13, fig. +1, January 31, 1895.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Pátzcuaro and Tacámbaro, as now known.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 14: nos. 100153-100166, distributed by localities as follows: +2 mi. W Pátzcuaro, 7,700 ft., 2; 3 mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 1; 4 mi. S +Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 1; 5 mi. S. Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 6; 9 mi. SE Pátzcuaro, 8,000 +ft., 1; 1¾ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 1; 1½ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 2.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Burrows were common in cultivated fields and along +the roads and trails on the southern and southeastern side of Lake +Pátzcuaro. In the vicinity of Tacámbaro we noted burrows only +in the area between one and a half and two miles south of town +where two specimens were taken. As mentioned in the immediately +preceding account, the small <i>Thomomys umbrinus pullus</i> and the +large <i>Cratogeomys</i> were found in the same area. The color of our +specimens varies from Cinnamon-Brown through Prouts Brown +and in some specimens is Fuscous Black.</p> + +<p>Hooper (1946:397) has shown that the genus <i>Platygeomys</i> is not +generically distinct from the earlier named <i>Cratogeomys</i>. From +independent study of specimens not examined by Hooper we have +satisfied ourselves that he is correct in synonymizing <i>Platygeomys</i> +under <i>Cratogeomys</i>. Average and extreme weights of 4 of each sex +from 2 to 5 miles south of Pátzcuaro are: ♂, 683 (562-819); ♀, 558 +(438-707) grams.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Cratogeomys angustirostris</b> (Merriam)<br /> +<br /> +Plains Pocket Gopher; Spanish, Tuza Llanera; Tarascan, +Cúmu (Cŏmŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Platygeomys tylorhinus angustirostris</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +16:81, May 29, 1903, type from Patambán, 10,000 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Platygeomys angustirostris</i>, Goldman, Jour. Mamm., 20:90, February +14, 1939.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from the type locality.</p> +</div><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_453" id="Page_453">[453]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Cratogeomys varius</b> (Goldman)<br /> +<br /> +Plains Pocket Gopher; Spanish, Tuza Llanera; Tarascan, +Cúmu (Cŏmŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Platygeomys varius</i> Goldman, Jour. Mamm., 20:90, February 14, 1939, +type from Uruapan, about 6,000 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from the type locality.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Specimens from localities intermediate between Uruapan, +the type locality of <i>C. varius</i>, and the known localities of occurence +of <i>Cratogeomys gynmurus imparilis</i> are much needed to +ascertain if <i>C. varius</i> is specifically different from <i>C. g. imparilis</i>, +or merely subspecifically different.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Zygogeomys trichopus tarascensis</b> Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Michoacán Pocket Gopher; Spanish, Tuza de Michoacán; Tarascan, +Cúmu (Cŏmŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Zygogeomys trichopus tarascensis</i> Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +51:211, December 23, 1938, type from six miles southeast of Pátzcuaro, +8,000 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Zygogeomys trichopus</i> Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna, 8:196, January 31, +1895.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—"Known only from the upper slopes of the mountains in the vicinity +of the type locality" (Goldman, 1938:211).</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—As we drove an automobile from Pátzcuaro to Tacámbaro +we noted mounds made by pocket gophers along the road in the +highest part of the pass and supposed that these mounds were made +by <i>Zygogeomys</i> although we took no specimens of any kind of +pocket gopher in the pass.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Zygogeomys trichopus trichopus</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Michoacán Pocket Gopher; Spanish, Tuza de Michoacán; Tarascan, +Cúmu (Cŏmŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Zygogeomys trichopus</i> Merriam, N. Amer. Fauna, 8:196, pl. 6, 14-18, +January 31, 1895, type from Nahuatzin, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Altitudinally from 6,000 feet to 11,800 feet on Mountains Tancítaro, +Patambán, and at Nahuatzin.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 9: nos. 51970-51978, all from Mount Tancítaro, distributed +by altitude as follows: 6,000 ft., 5; 7,800 ft., 3; 10,500 ft., 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The upper parts of specimens available to us are rich +Seal-Brown and glossy. The chin, and in most specimens, the upper +side of the hind feet are white; the irregular white patch of the +throat is present only in two young females, numbers 51974 and +51978.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_454" id="Page_454">[454]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Liomys pictus plantinarensis</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Western Spiny Pocket Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Espinoso Occidental; +Tarascan word for mouse is Jeyáqui (Hayake)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys plantinarensis</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 15:46, +March 5, 1902, type from Plantinar, Jalisco.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys pictus plantinarensis</i>, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:37, September +7, 1911.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northwestern part of state in semitropical areas.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Goldman (1911:38) records specimens from Los +Reyes, noting that in some cranial features they suggest intergradation +between <i>L. p. plantinarensis</i> and <i>L. p. parviceps</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Liomys pictus parviceps</b> Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Western Spiny Pocket Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Espinoso Occidental<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys parviceps</i> Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 17:82, March +21, 1904, type from La Salada, "40 miles south of Uruapan, Michoacán."</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys pictus parviceps</i> Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:38-39, September +7, 1911.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Southern part of state in semitropical and tropical areas.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 28: nos. 100185-100199, 52072-52084, distributed by localities +as follows: Apatzingan, 1,040 ft., 13; 1 mi. E and 2½ mi. S Tacámbaro, +4,700 ft., 4; 4 mi. S and 1 mi. E Tacámbaro, 4,500 ft., 5; 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S +Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft., 6.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Most measurements show a sexual dimorphism in +this subspecies. Adult males are 15 per cent larger in external +measurements except that the foot is approximately the same. +Cranial measurements average approximately 5 per cent larger in +males except that the breadth of the rostrum and length of the +maxillary tooth-row are slightly less. South and east of Tacámbaro +our specimens all were taken in dry semitropical country, where +bananas and sugar cane were the principal crops grown. This subspecies +has been recorded also from La Huacana, Michoacán, as +well as from La Salada, the type locality, by Goldman (1911:39).</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Liomys irroratus jaliscensis</b> (Allen)<br /> +<br /> +Northern Spiny Pocket Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Norteño<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Heteromys jaliscensis</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 22:251, July +25, 1906, type from Las Canoas, approximately 20 mi. W Zapotlán, 7,000 +ft., Jalisco.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys irroratus jalicensis</i>, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:60, September +7, 1911.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northwestern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 3: nos. 120273-120275 (U. S. Nat. Mus.) from Zamora.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—As explained in detail by Hall and Villa (1948:254) +these specimens from Zamora are intergrades between <i>L. i. jaliscensis</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_455" id="Page_455">[455]</a></span></p> + +<p>and <i>L. i. acutus</i> and with almost equal propriety could be referred +to either subspecies.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Liomys irroratus acutus</b> Hall and Villa<br /> +<br /> +Northern Spiny Pocket Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Norteño<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys irroratus acutus</i> Hall and Villa, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. +Hist., 1:253, figs. 4-6, July 26, 1948, type from 2 mi. W Pátzcuaro, 7,700 +ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys irroratus alleni</i>, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:57, September +7, 1911, part.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Pátzcuaro and vicinity.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 16: nos. 100170-100184 and 50356 (U. S. N. M.), distributed, +with reference to Pátzcuaro, as follows: 3 mi. NW, 6,700 ft., 1; 2 mi. +W, 7,700 ft., 5; 2 mi. W, 6,700 ft., 2; Pátzcuaro itself, 1; 5 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 7.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—None of the eight females contained embryos. Two +adult males weigh, in grams, 71.5 and 65.1; the average and extreme +weights for five adult females are 50.8 (44.8-61.8).</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Liomys irroratus alleni</b> (Coues)<br /> +<br /> +Northern Spiny Pocket Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Norteño<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Heteromys alleni</i> Coues, Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl., 8:187, March, 1881, +type from Río Verde, San Luis Potosí, México.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Liomys irroratus alleni</i> Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 34:56, September +7, 1911.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northeastern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 5: nos. 50325-50329 (U. S. Nat. Mus.) from Queréndaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The specimens from Queréndaro are not typical of the +subspecies <i>L. i. alleni</i> in that the shape of the interparietal bone and +width of the basisphenoid bone are almost exactly intermediate +between the conditions obtaining in typical <i>L. i. alleni</i> and topotypes +of <i>L. i. acutus</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Reithrodontomys megalotis saturatus</b> Allen and Chapman<br /> +<br /> +Western Harvest Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Orejudo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys saturatus</i> Allen and Chapman, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. +Hist., 9:201, June 16, 1897, type from Las Vigas, Veracruz.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys megalotis saturatus</i>, Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:36, +June 5, 1914.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northeastern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 12: nos. 100202-100212, 100273, from 1 mi. N Zamora, +5,450 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Howell (1914:37) referred nine specimens from Nahuatzin +to this race and two from the same place to the subspecies +<i>R. m. zacatecae</i>. Our specimens from Zamora agree with topotypes<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_456" id="Page_456">[456]</a></span> +of <i>R. m. saturatus</i> and with specimens of that subspecies from the +Valley of México in dark color and large size.</p> + +<p>If our specimens of <i>Reithrodontomys megalotis</i> are correctly identified, +subspecifically, <i>R. m. zacatecae</i> ranges southward around the +western end of the geographic range of <i>R. m. saturatus</i>.</p> + +<p>Where <i>R. megalotis</i> and <i>R. fulvescens</i> occur together, we find the +skull of the latter to be distinguishable by: a median spine on the +posterior border of the hard palate (truncate in <i>R. megalotis</i>); an +S-shaped instead of a C-shaped pattern on the worn occlusal face +of the last lower molar; and two re-entrant angles, on the lateral +side on the worn occlusal surface of the third upper molar, reaching +halfway across the tooth whereas in <i>R. megalotis</i> the anterior re-*entrant +angle is wanting or extends less than a third of the way +across the crown surface of the tooth.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Reithrodontomys megalotis zacatecae</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Western Harvest Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Orejudo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys megalotis zacatecae</i> Merriam, Proc. Washington +Acad. Sci., 3:557, November 29, 1901, type from Valparaiso Mountains, +Zacatecas.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—From northwestern part of state south through its central part.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 53: nos. 100217-100269; distributed by localities, with +reference to Pátzcuaro, as follows: 3 mi. N, 6,700 ft., 3; 3 mi. N, 6,800 ft., 1; +3½ mi. S, 7,900 ft., 3; 4 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 31; 5 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 9; 9 mi. SE, 8,000 +ft., 6.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Howell (1914:40) has referred four specimens from +Patambán to this subspecies, and our large series from the vicinity +of Pátzcuaro is also referred to <i>R. m. zacatecae</i> because of small +size and reddish (less blackish) color. We lack typical specimens +of <i>R. m. zacatecae</i> from the type locality for comparison and our +knowledge of <i>zacatecae</i> is derived from Howell's (1914:39) description +of it.</p> + +<p>Average measurements of 5 adult males of <i>R. m. zacatecae</i> from +the Pátzcuaro area showing much wear on the teeth compared with +those of five specimens from the Zamora area, of corresponding sex +and age of <i>R. m. saturatus</i> reveal the smaller size of <i>R. m. zacatecae</i>. +Total length, 157, 166; length of tail, 84, 84; length of hind foot, +19.6, 20.1; length of ear from notch in flesh, 14.8, 14.0; basilar +length, 16.2, 16.6; length of nasals, 8.3, 8.5; zygomatic breadth, +11.1, 11.5; mastoid breadth, 9.9, 10.2; breadth of rostrum, 3.8, 4.0; +interorbital construction, 3.2, 3.1; alveolar length of maxillary tooth-row, +3.5, 3.5; length of rostrum, 7.7, 8.0.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_457" id="Page_457">[457]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Reithrodontomys fulvescens tenuis</b> Allen<br /> +<br /> +Fulvous Harvest Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Moreno<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys tenuis</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 12:15, +March 4, 1899, type from Rosario, Sinaloa.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys fulvescens tenuis</i>, Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:45, +June 5, 1914.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Western part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 27: nos. 100213-100216, 100274-100277, 100293-100311, +distributed by localities as follows: 11 mi. W Zamora, 5,750 ft., 2; 6½ mi. W +Zamora, 5,950 ft., 2; 6 mi. W Zamora, 5,950 ft., 4; 1½ mi. SSE Tacámbaro, +5,700 ft., 2; 1¾ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 1; 1 mi. E and 2½ mi. S Tacámbaro, +7; 4 mi. S and 1 mi. E Tacámbaro, 4,700 ft., 5; 1 mi. E and 5 mi. S +Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft., 1; 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft., 3.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Of the 19 specimens from the vicinity of Tacámbaro, +only two have the underparts reddish as does <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i>. +The upper parts are less reddish than in <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i> but +more reddish and less blackish than in <i>R. f. toltecus</i> from the valley +of México or than in <i>R. f. toltecus</i> from Zamora. The external +measurements and cranial measurements are less than in <i>R. f. +toltecus</i> or <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i> and are as small as, or even smaller +than, those of <i>R. f. tenuis</i> to the northward or than those of <i>R. f. +nelsoni</i> to the westward. Relying only on printed descriptions of +<i>R. f. tenuis</i> and <i>R. f. nelsoni</i>, we are inclined to refer our specimens +to <i>R. f. tenuis</i> although the reddish color, we suppose, is evidence of +intergradation with <i>R. f. nelsoni</i> and <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i>.</p> + +<p>The four skins from Zamora are gray, as opposed to reddish, both +above and below and in this respect they agree with the description +of <i>R. f. tenuis</i>. They are lighter-colored (grayer) than either <i>R. f. +toltecus</i> or <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i>. The four specimens from Zamora +are larger than animals from the vicinity of Tacámbaro and average +slightly smaller than topotypes of <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i>.</p> + +<p>By identifying our specimens as <i>R. f. inexspectatus</i> and <i>R. f. +tenuis</i>, we are left without any specimens that we, ourselves, have +examined, which are referable to the subspecies <i>R. f. toltecus</i>. The +specimens from Los Reyes which Howell (1914:47) referred to <i>R. f. +toltecus</i> have not been seen by us, and we guess, on the criteria +used by us, that the animals would be referable to <i>R. f. tenuis</i>. +Because Dr. Emmet T. Hooper has a revisionary study of the +Mexican <i>Reithrodontomys</i> underway, we have not attempted to +bring together all of the pertinent material from different collections +as would be required for an ideally thorough analysis of the geographic +variation in <i>Reithrodontomys megalotis</i> and <i>Reithrodontomys +fulvescens</i>.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_458" id="Page_458">[458]</a></span></p> + +<p>As illustrative of statements made concerning the average size of +<i>Reithrodontomys fulvescens</i>, the following measurements, all of +specimens with much wear on each of the molar teeth, are recorded.</p> + +<div class="center"> +<table summary="Avg Size Data"> +<tr> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt smcap">Locality</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Number averaged<br />or catalogue No.</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Sex</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Total length</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Length of tail</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Length of hind foot</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Basilar length</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Length of nasals</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Zygomatic breadth</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Mastoid breadth</td> + <td class="brdtp2 brdbt">Alveolar length of<br />maxillary tooth-row</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td align="left">Vall. Mex.</td> + <td align="center">3</td> + <td class="text_rt">♂♂</td> + <td class="text_rt1">200</td> + <td class="text_rt1">114</td> + <td class="text_rt1">22.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">17.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">9.3</td> + <td class="text_rt1">12.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.7</td> + <td class="center">3.7</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Pátzcuaro</td> + <td class="center">5</td> + <td class="text_rt">♂♂</td> + <td class="text_rt1">170</td> + <td class="text_rt1">101</td> + <td class="text_rt1">20.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">16.7</td> + <td class="text_rt1">8.7</td> + <td class="text_rt1">11.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.6</td> + <td class="center">3.7</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Zamora</td> + <td class="center">100215</td> + <td class="text_rt">♂</td> + <td class="text_rt1">153</td> + <td class="text_rt1">82</td> + <td class="text_rt1">19.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">15.9</td> + <td class="text_rt1">7.8</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.9</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.3</td> + <td class="center">3.5</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Zamora</td> + <td class="center">100275</td> + <td class="text_rt">♂</td> + <td class="text_rt1">184</td> + <td class="text_rt1">101</td> + <td class="text_rt1">21.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">16.5</td> + <td class="text_rt1">8.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">11.1</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.4</td> + <td class="center">3.6</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Tacámbaro</td> + <td class="center">5</td> + <td class="text_rt">♂♂</td> + <td class="text_rt1">159</td> + <td class="text_rt1">91</td> + <td class="text_rt1">19.4</td> + <td class="text_rt1">15.5</td> + <td class="text_rt1">8.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.5</td> + <td class="text_rt1">9.6</td> + <td class="center">3.3</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Vall. Mex.</td> + <td class="center">3</td> + <td class="text_rt">♀♀</td> + <td class="text_rt1">184</td> + <td class="text_rt1">103</td> + <td class="text_rt1">21.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">16.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">8.7</td> + <td class="text_rt1">11.4</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.6</td> + <td class="center">3.6</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Pátzcuaro</td> + <td class="center">5</td> + <td class="text_rt">♀♀</td> + <td class="text_rt1">182</td> + <td class="text_rt1">104</td> + <td class="text_rt1">21.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">16.8</td> + <td class="text_rt1">8.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">11.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.5</td> + <td class="center">3.6</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Zamora</td> + <td class="center">5</td> + <td class="text_rt">♀♀</td> + <td class="text_rt1">159</td> + <td class="text_rt1">91</td> + <td class="text_rt1">19.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">16.0</td> + <td class="text_rt1">8.4</td> + <td class="text_rt1">11.4</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.0</td> + <td class="center">3.5</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf">Tacámbaro</td> + <td class="center">5</td> + <td class="text_rt">♀♀</td> + <td class="text_rt1">149</td> + <td class="text_rt1">87</td> + <td class="text_rt1">18.6</td> + <td class="text_rt1">14.9</td> + <td class="text_rt1">7.7</td> + <td class="text_rt1">10.4</td> + <td class="text_rt1">9.5</td> + <td class="center">3.4</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> + <td class="brdbt"></td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Reithrodontomys fulvescens inexspectatus</b> Elliot<br /> +<br /> +Fulvous Harvest Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Moreno<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Rhithrodontomys inexspectatus</i> Elliot, Field Columb. Mus. zoöl. ser., +3:145, February, 1903, type from Pátzcuaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys fulvescens toltecus</i>, Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:51, +June 5, 1914, part.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range</i>.—Central Michoacán; limits of range unknown.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 15: nos. 100278-100292, distributed by localities as follows: +3 mi. N Pátzcuaro, 6,800 ft., 6; 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft., 3; 2 mi. +W Pátzcuaro, 7,600 ft., 2; 2 mi. W Pátzcuaro, 7,700 ft., 4.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks</i>.—Howell (1914:51) made <i>R. inexspectatus</i> Elliot a synonym +of <i>R. f. toltecus</i> and perhaps we should follow him in this. +The facts are that in our large series from the vicinity of Pátzcuaro, +the upper parts are more reddish than in <i>R. f. toltecus</i> from the +valley of México, and more reddish than in <i>R. f. tenuis</i> if we correctly +interpret Howell's (<i>op. cit.</i>,:45) description of <i>R. f. tenuis</i>. In the +color of the underparts the series is, to us, indistinguishable from +topotypical <i>toltecus</i> and therefore has more reddish underparts than<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_459" id="Page_459">[459]</a></span> +<i>R. f. tenuis</i>, as we know <i>R. f. tenuis</i>, from Howell's (<i>loc. cit.</i>) description. +In size, the series from Pátzcuaro is intermediate between +<i>R. f. tenuis</i> and <i>R. f. toltecus</i> but nearer the latter.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis chrysopsis</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Volcano Harvest Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Dorado<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +13:152, June 13, 1900, type from Mount Popocatepetl, México.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis chrysopsis</i>, Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:66, +June 5, 1914.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Patambán, 1,200 feet elevation as now known.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Howell (1914:68) lists nine specimens from Patambán. +We have not examined these specimens. He listed at the same +time seven of the specimens from Tancítaro, but we have found +specimens from Tancítaro to be of another subspecies, <i>R. c. seclusus</i>. +Accordingly, we are in doubt as to whether the mice from Patambán +are subspecies <i>chrysopsis</i>, <i>seclusus</i>, or an unnamed subspecies and +our use here of the name <i>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis chrysopsis</i> +for them is, of course, provisional.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis seclusus</b> Hall and Villa<br /> +<br /> +Volcano Harvest Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Dorado<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis seclusus</i> Hall and Villa, Proc. Biol. Soc. +Washington, 62: 163, August 23, 1949, type from Mount Tancítaro, 7,800 ft., +Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Reithrodontomys chrysopsis chrysopsis</i>, Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 36:66, +June 5, 1914, part.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from Mount Tancítaro, from 6,000 feet elevation up +to at least 11,000 feet.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 22: nos. 51407-51411, 52110-52126, all from Mount +Tancítaro, distributed by altitude as follows: 6,000 ft., 5; 7,800 ft., 10; 10,500 +ft., 1; 11,000 ft., 1; no altitude recorded, 5.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The 22 specimens in the Chicago Natural History +Museum are remarkably uniform in color in spite of differences in +age; 17 are so young as to have the first upper molar only slightly +worn and 5 are adults. In preparing the original description of +<i>R. c. seclusus</i>, known only from specimens in the summer pelage, +comparison of color was made with only the winter pelage of <i>R. c. +chrysopsis</i> and it was pointed out that the differences noted in color +between the two subspecies might be seasonal rather than subspecific. +A summer specimen of <i>R. c. chrysopsis</i> (K. U. 17980, +taken on June 15, 12 km. ESE Amecameca, 11,500 ft.), is available +as the present account is being written. In direct comparison with +the original material of <i>R. c. seclusus</i>, all in summer pelage, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_460" id="Page_460">[460]</a></span> +in comparison with a specimen of <i>R. c. chrysopsis</i> in winter pelage +(January 18), from 30 km. E Amecameca, the summer pelage of no. +17980 is more blackish than the winter pelage and therein more +closely resembles that of <i>R. c. seclusus</i>. The same is true of the +more sparsely haired tail. The ears, however, are blackish as in +winter-taken <i>R. c. chrysopsis</i>. This feature and also the large size +and different cranial proportions of specimen no. 17980 are in accordance +with the differences between <i>R. c. chrysopsis</i> and <i>R. c. +seclusus</i> as recorded in the original description of the latter.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Baiomys taylori analogus</b> (Osgood)<br /> +<br /> +Northern Pygmy Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Pigmeo Norteño<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus taylori analogus</i> Osgood, N. Amer. Fauna, 28:256, April +17, 1909, type from Zamora, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Baiomys taylori analogus</i>, Miller, N. Amer. Land. Mamm., 1911, p. +137, December 31, 1912.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northwestern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 35: nos. 100331-100365, distributed by localities as follows: +8 mi. N Zamora, 5,500 ft., 2; 11 mi. W Zamora, 5,750 ft., 1; 6½ mi. W +Zamora, 5,950 ft., 2; 4 mi. W Zamora, 5,450 ft., 1; 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, 6,700 +ft., 21; 3 mi. N Pátzcuaro, 6,800 ft., 5; 2 mi. W Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft., 3.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Osgood (1909:257) has recorded this subspecies also +from Acámbaro and Los Reyes. We found that these animals got +caught in our traps almost as often in the daytime as at night and +concluded that they were less nocturnal, or at any rate more diurnal, +than any of the other cricetine mice at the places in Michoacán +where we trapped.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Baiomys musculus musculus</b> (Merriam)<br /> +<br /> +Tropical Pygmy Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Pigmeo Tropical<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sitomys musculus</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 7:170, September +29, 1892, type from Colima, Colima.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus musculus</i>, Allen and Chapman, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. +Hist., 9:203, June 16, 1897.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Baiomys musculus</i>, Mearns, U. S. Nat. Mus. Bull., 56:381, April 13, +1907.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Dry, tropical, southwestern parts of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 41: nos. 100366-100406; distributed by localities as follows: +1¾ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 1; 1 mi. E and 2½ mi. S Tacámbaro, +4,700 ft., 11; 4 mi. S and 1 mi. E Tacámbaro, 10; 1 mi. E and 5 mi. S Tacámbaro, +4,000 ft., 1; 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft., 4; 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, +4,000 ft., 14.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Osgood (1909:258) has recorded this subspecies also +from La Huacana and La Salada. Three adult males with much +worn teeth weigh, in grams, 8.3, 9.3, and 10.8. Weights of three +adult, nonpregnant, females are 8.1, 9.4, and 9.7. None of our 13 +females was pregnant.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_461" id="Page_461">[461]</a></span></p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus maniculatus labecula</b> Elliot<br /> +<br /> +Deermouse; Spanish, Ratón Cuatralvo<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus labecula</i> Elliot, Field Columb. Mus., zoöl. ser., 3:143, +February (March?), 1903, type from Ocotlan, Jalisco.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>P</i>[<i>eromyscus</i>]. <i>s</i>[<i>onoriensis</i>]. <i>labecula</i>, Osgood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +17:57, March 21, 1904.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northwestern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 59: nos. 51402-51406, 52175, 52176, 100407-100447, +100484; and 1366-1368, 1370-1372, 1374-1377, of Bernardo Villa R., distributed +by localities as follows: Tancítaro, 7; 11 mi. W Zamora, 5,750 ft., 3; 2 mi. W +Pátzcuaro, 7,700 ft., 4; 3½ mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 2; 4 mi. S Pátzcuaro, +7,800 ft., 3; 5 mi. S Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 24; 9 mi. SE Pátzcuaro, 8,000 ft., 6; +1½ km. N San Juan, 2,250 M., 3; 1 km. NNE San Juan, 2,250 M., 7.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The zygomatic arches are less widely flaring in specimens +from Tancítaro than in those from Pátzcuaro.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus perfulvus</b> Osgood<br /> +<br /> +Marsh Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Breñero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus perfulvus</i> Osgood, Jour. Mamm., 26:299, November 14, +1945, type from 10 kilometers west of Apatzingan, 1,040 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from the semitropical Life-zone in western Michoacán.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 5: nos. 100593, 100595, 100597, 100598, and 100600, all +from 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—J. R. Alcorn took these specimens between fields of +sugar cane in tall (5 ft. high) grass growing in a belt 10 feet or so +wide along side a stream, which a person could step across. The +one adult, no. 100597, was recognized at the time of capture as +different from any other species known to us, by reason of the long, +unicolored, sparsely-haired tail and nearly clear Cinnamon Rufous +color above, white underparts, white feet, and dark brown ears. The +four other specimens in darker immature pelage are plumbeous and +cinnamon whereas immature individuals of comparable age of +<i>Peromyscus banderanus</i> caught in the same place are plumbeous +above and lack the cinnamon color. The immature animals of the +two species differ in color more than do the adults. Osgood (1945:300) +has recorded eleven specimens from the type locality. Our +one adult weighs 52.4 grams.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus boylii evides</b> Osgood<br /> +<br /> +Brush Mouse; Spanish, Ratón de Chaparral<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus spicilegus evides</i> Osgood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +17:64, March 21, 1904, type from Juquila, Oaxaca.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus boylei evides</i> Osgood, N. Amer. Fauna, 28:152, April 17, +1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 22: nos. 100450-100471, distributed by localities as fol<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_462" id="Page_462">[462]</a></span>lows: +1½ mi. SSE Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., 16; 1¾ mi S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft., +1; 1 mi. E and 2½ mi. S Tacámbaro, 4,700 ft., 5.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Osgood (1909:153) recorded 31 specimens from Los +Reyes. Weights recorded by the collectors of our specimens for +13 males from the vicinity of Tacámbaro, are 24.8 (17.2-37.1) and +for 9 females 25.0 (20.0-31.5) grams. These weights include those +of subadults as well as those of adults.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus boylii levipes</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Brash Mouse; Spanish, Ratón de Chaparral<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus levipes</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:123, +April 30, 1898, type from Mount Malinche, Tlaxcala.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus boylei levipes</i>, Osgood, N. Amer. Fauna, 28:153, April 17, +1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably central-eastern part of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Osgood (1909:155) records one specimen of this subspecies +from Pátzcuaro.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus hylocetes</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Woods Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Ocotero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus hylocetes</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:124, +April 30, 1898, type from Pátzcuaro, 7,000 feet, Michoacán; Osgood, N. +Amer. Fauna, 28:159, pl. 3, fig. 8, April 17, 1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Mountainous parts of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 24: nos. 100472, 100542, both from 9 mi. SE Pátzcuaro +at 8,000 feet altitude; 1358-1365 of Bernardo Villa R., from Cerro Curitzarán, +3.5 km. NNW San Juan, 2,200 M.; 52178, 52185, 52187-52192, 52197, 52198, +52203, 52213-52215, from Tancítaro at elevations of 6,000 to 10,000 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—All of the specimens were taken in pine forest. The +old male from nine miles southeast of Pátzcuaro weighs 43.7 grams +and the younger male from there 35 grams. The adults from +Tancítaro have longer diastemae and some have the braincase more +prolonged posteriorly, than in specimens from the vicinities of San +Juan and Pátzcuaro but individual variation is considerable and we +are unable to differentiate some of the adults from Tancítaro from +those from elsewhere.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus truei gratus</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Piñon Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Piñonero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus gratus</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:123, April +30, 1898, type from "Tlalpam," D. F.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus sagax</i> Elliot, Field Columb. Mus., Chicago, zoöl. ser., 3:142, +February, 1903, type from La Palma, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus pavidus</i> Elliot, Field Columb. Mus., Chicago, zoöl. ser., +3:142, February, 1903, type from Pátzcuaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus zelotes</i> Osgood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 17:67, March +21, 1904, type from Queréndaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_463" id="Page_463">[463]</a></span></p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus truei gratus</i>, Osgood, N. Amer. Fauna, 28:173, April 17, +1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northern part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 42: nos. 100448, 100473-100483, 100485-100509, 8700, +8702, 8703, 8896, 8897, distributed by localities as follows: 8 mi. N Zamora, +5,500 ft., 2; 11 mi. W Zamora, 5,750 ft., 11; 6½ mi. W Zamora, 5,950 ft., 4; +6 mi. W Zamora, 5,950 ft., 4; Rio Duaro, 9 mi. E Zamora, 5,500 ft., 1; 3 mi. N +Pátzcuaro, 6,800 ft., 1; 3 mi. NW Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft., 10; 1½ mi. NW +Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft., 1; 2 mi. W Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft., 3; Pátzcuaro (Chicago Nat. +Hist. Mus.), 5.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The ear measured from the notch is shortest, 19 (18-21), +at Zamora, intermediate, 21 (19-23), at Pátzcuaro, and longest, +21.8 (20-23), at the type locality of <i>gratus</i> in the Valley of México.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus melanophrys zamorae</b> Osgood<br /> +<br /> +Blackish Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Obscuro<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus melanophrys zamorae</i> Osgood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +17:65, March 21, 1904, type from Zamora, Michoacán; N. Amer. +Fauna, 28:187, April 17, 1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northern part of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Insofar as we know, this mouse has been taken in +Michoacán only at the type locality.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus banderanus banderanus</b> Allen<br /> +<br /> +Tarascan Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Tarasco<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus banderanus</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:51, +March 15, 1897, type from Valle de Banderas, Nayarit; Osgood, Jour. +Mamm., 26:300, November 14, 1945.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus banderanus vicinior</i> Osgood, N. Amer. Fauna, 28:209, 210, +April 17, 1909, part.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northern and eastern parts of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Specimens from Los Reyes referred to the subspecies +<i>P. b. vicinior</i> by Osgood (1909:209-210) were later characterized +by Osgood (1945:300) as agreeing with specimens from Zitácuaro, +and Osgood (<i>loc. cit.</i>) thought that those from both Los Reyes and +Zitácuaro were not <i>P. b. vicinior</i> but possibly <i>P. b. banderanus</i>. He +had this material set aside for further study when he showed it to +one of us (Hall) in 1945. It was his intention to revise the entire +species (<i>P. banderanus</i>) but so far we know never did this before +his death.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus banderanus vicinior</b> Osgood<br /> +<br /> +Tarascan Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Tarasco<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus banderanus vicinior</i> Osgood, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +17:68, March 21, 1904, type from La Salada, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Hot valleys of western part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 53: nos. 100543-100592, 100594, 100596, 100599, distributed +by localities, from Tacámbaro, as follows: 2½ mi. S and 1 mi. E, +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_464" id="Page_464">[464]</a></span> +4,700 ft., 21; 4 mi. S and 1 mi E, 4,500 ft., 10; 6 mi. S, 4,000 ft., 6; 6 mi. S and +1 mi. E, 4,000 ft., 16.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—There is much variation in size in our animals. The +three largest males weigh, in grams, 67.5, 50.3, 48.9 and corresponding +figures for the two heaviest, nonpregnant, females are 53.5 and +48.3 grams. Of the 14 adult females, only one was recorded as +having embryos; it had two embryos each 24 millimeters in crown +to rump length. Where we trapped among big boulders and among +the roots of trees of the genus <i>Ficus</i>, <i>Peromyscus banderanus vicinior</i> +was the only species of the genus taken. <i>Peromyscus boylii +evides</i> occurred in the less tropical vegetation, altitudinally and +zonally above <i>P. b. vicinior</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Peromyscus melanotis</b> Allen and Chapman<br /> +<br /> +Black-eared Deermouse; Spanish, Ratón Montañero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Peromyscus melanotis</i> Allen and Chapman, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. +Hist., 9:203, June 16, 1897, type from Las Vigas, 8,000 ft., Veracruz.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Higher mountains throughout state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 33: nos. 51397-51401, 52142-52166, 52172-52174, from +Tancítaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The elevation recorded on the label of one specimen +is 9,000 feet and on the labels of other specimens is no lower than +10,500 feet and on some is as high as 12,000 feet. The elevation of +capture is not recorded for two specimens. Osgood (1909:112) +previously recorded the species from 12,000 feet elevation on Mount +Tancítaro.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Oryzomys couesi regillus</b> Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Tropical Rice Rat; Spanish, Rata Arrocera Tropical; Tarascan word +for rat is Jeyáquihuiri (Hayakewire), or Sarisi<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Oryzomys couesi regillus</i> Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 28:129, +June 29, 1915, type from Los Reyes, Michoacán; Goldman, N. Amer. +Fauna, 43:37, September 23, 1918.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Plateau region of Northeast Michoacán.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 22: nos. 100601-100622, distributed by localities as follows: +1 mi. N Zamora, 5,450 ft., 2; 4 mi. W Zamora, 5,450 ft., 1; 4 mi. S +Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 1; 1 mi. E and 6 mi. S Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft., 18.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The tooth-row is longest in the specimens from Zamora, +shortest in those from Tacámbaro and intermediate in length +in the one specimen from Pátzcuaro. The shorter tooth-row at the +lower elevation (Tacámbaro), we interpret as intergradation with +<i>Oryzomys couesi mexicanus</i>. In color the specimens from Tacámbaro +are, to us, indistinguishable from those from Zamora and +Pátzcuaro but the color is notably darker than that of specimens +from the vicinity of Apatzingan which are here referred to the subspecies +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_465" id="Page_465">[465]</a></span> +<i>Oryzomys couesi mexicanus</i>. The largest male, fully adult +from Zamora weighs 82.9 grams and the largest one from the +vicinity of Tacámbaro weighs 73.6 grams.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Oryzomys couesi mexicanus</b> Allen<br /> +<br /> +Tropical Rice Rat; Spanish, Rata Arrocera Tropical<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Oryzomys mexicanus</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:52, March +15, 1897, type from Hacienda San Marcos, 3,500 ft., Tonila, Jalisco.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Oryzomys couesi mexicanus</i>, Goldman, N. Amer. Fauna, 43:33, September +23, 1918.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Semitropical and tropical western part of the state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 14: nos. 52018-52023, 52063-52070, from 1,040 ft., 10 +kms., W Apatzingan.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—These specimens are notably paler and have shorter +tooth-rows than those referred to <i>O. c. regillus</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Oryzomys fulvescens lenis</b> Goldman<br /> +<br /> +Fulvous Rice Rat; Spanish, Rata Arrocera Pigmea<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Oryzomys fulvescens lenis</i> Goldman, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +28:130, June 29, 1915, type from Los Reyes, Michoacán; N. Amer. Fauna, +43:91, September 23, 1918.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Semitropical parts of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The type and one topotype so far as we know are the +only specimens of this species to have been obtained from the state. +The size is hardly larger than that of a large <i>Reithrodontomys</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sigmodon melanotis</b> Bailey<br /> +<br /> +Fulvous Cotton Rat; Spanish, Rata Algodonera Leonada<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sigmodon melanotis</i> Bailey, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 15:114, June +2, 1902, type from Pátzcuaro, 7,000 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Central Michoacán, as now known.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 8: nos. 100623-100626, 52089-52092, distributed by localities +as follows: 2 mi. W Pátzcuaro (7,400 and 7,700 ft.), 2; 3½ mi. S +Pátzcuaro, 7,800 ft., 2; Tancítaro, 6,000 ft., 4.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—This species was taken along with the species <i>S. +hispidus</i> two miles west of Pátzcuaro, and can be easily distinguished +from the latter by the dark reddish as opposed to grayish color of +the upperparts and by the shorter hind foot (less instead of more +than 32.5 mm.).</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sigmodon hispidus mascotensis</b> Allen<br /> +<br /> +Hispid Cotton Rat; Spanish, Rata Algodonera Setosa<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sigmodon mascotensis</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 9:54, March +15, 1897, type from San Sebastián, near Mascota, Jalisco.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sigmodon hispidus mascotensis</i>, Bailey, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +15:108, June 2, 1902.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_466" id="Page_466">[466]</a></span></p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Larger part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 4: nos. 100629, 3 mi. N Pátzcuaro, 6,700 ft.; 100630, 2 +mi. W Pátzcuaro, 7,700 ft.; 100632, 1¾ mi. S Tacámbaro, 5,700 ft.; 100631, 6 mi. +S and 1 mi. E Tacámbaro, 4,000 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Bailey (1902:109) records a "very large" specimen +from Queréndaro. Our specimens have shorter molariform tooth-rows +than do those from nearer the type locality, for example, those +from Tuxpan, Las Canoas, and Artenkiki, all three places in Jalisco.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sigmodon hispidus atratus</b> Hall<br /> +<br /> +Hispid Cotton Rat; Spanish, Rata Algodonera Setosa<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sigmodon hispidus atratus</i> Hall, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 62:149, +August 23, 1949, type from 6½ mi. W Zamora, 5,950 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from Zamora and the type locality.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 2: nos. 100628 (the holotype), 6½ mi. W Zamora, 5,950 +ft.; 120268 (U. S. Nat. Mus., Biol. Surveys Coll.), Zamora.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—When the present account first was prepared our specimen +from six and a half miles west of Zamora was tentatively referred +to <i>S. h. mascotensis</i>. Subsequently a second specimen, from +Zamora, was found. It agreed with the specimen from six and a +half miles west of Zamora. Inasmuch as the second specimen agrees +with the first and since each of the two differs from any previously +described kind, a name and description were published in time to be +inserted in the present account. From <i>S. h. mascotensis</i>, <i>S. h. atratus</i> +differs in shorter hind foot, darker upper parts, more densely haired +tail, shorter skull, more convex dorsal longitudinal outline of skull, +posteriorly constricted anterior palatine foramina instead of parallel-sided +foramina, and shorter and less decurved anterior process of +maxillary arm of zygoma.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Neotomodon alstoni alstoni</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Volcano Mouse; Spanish, Ratón de Los Volcanes<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Neotomodon alstoni</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 12:128, +April 30, 1898, type from Nahuatzin, 8,500 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Higher mountains of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 22: nos. 52179-52184, 52186, 52193-52196, 52199, 52200, +52204-52212, all from Mount Tancítaro, distributed by localities as follows: +7,800 ft., 5; 7,850 ft., 3; 10,000 ft., 4; 10,200 ft., 5; 10,500 ft., 1; 10,800 ft., 1; +11,000 ft., 2; 11,400 ft., 1.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—The taking of specimens on Mount Tancítaro extends +the known geographic range of <i>Neotomodon</i> approximately 75 kilometers +to the southwestward; the westernmost locality previously +known was Nahuatzin, the type locality.</p> + + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_467" id="Page_467">[467]</a></span></p> + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Nelsonia goldmani</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Dwarf Wood Rat; Spanish, Rata Montera Minúscula<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Nelsonia goldmani</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 16:80, +May 29, 1903, type from Mount Tancítaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from the type locality.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—In the original description three specimens are recorded +from the type locality.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Neotoma latifrons</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +White-throated Wood Rat; Spanish, Rata Montera Frentuda<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Neotoma latifrons</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 9:121, July +2, 1894, type from Queréndaro, Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from the type locality.</p> +</div> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Neotoma ferruginea tenuicauda</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Ferruginous Wood Rat; Spanish, Rata Ferruginosa<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Neotoma tenuicauda</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 7:169, +September 29, 1892, type from north slope of Sierra Nevada de Colima, +12,000 ft., Colima.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Neotoma ferruginea tenuicauda</i>, Howell, N. Amer. Fauna, 31:73, October +19, 1910.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably all but southern tropical part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 4: nos. 100633 from 9 mi. SE Pátzcuaro, 8,000 ft., and +52177, 51390, 51391, from Tancítaro, the elevation being given as 7,850 ft. on no. +52177.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Our one specimen from 9 miles southeast of Pátzcuaro +was caught in a small steel trap set at a meat bait.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Microtus mexicanus salvus</b> Hall<br /> +<br /> +Mexican Meadow Mouse; Spanish, Metorito<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Microtus mexicanus salvus</i> Hall, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., +1:426, December 24, 1948, type from Mount Tancítaro, 11,400 ft., Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Known only from Mount Tancítaro at elevations of 7,800 to 11,400 +feet.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 14: nos. 51412, 51413, 52093, 52095-52099, 52101, 52103-52107, +all from Mount Tancítaro, distributed by elevations as follows: 11,400 +ft., 8; 11,000 ft., 2; 7,800 ft., 1; no elevation recorded, 3.</p> +</div> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Microtus mexicanus fundatus</b> Hall<br /> +<br /> +Mexican Meadow Mouse; Spanish, Metorito<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Microtus mexicanus fundatus</i> Hall, Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. +Hist., 1:425, December 24, 1948, type from 3½ mi. S. Pátzcuaro, 7,900 ft., +Michoacán.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Central part of state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 59: nos. 100636-100694, distributed, with reference to +the town of Pátzcuaro, as follows: 3½ mi. S, 7,900 ft., 9; 4 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 16; +5 mi. S, 7,800 ft., 26; 9 mi. SE, 8,000 ft., 8.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Of the 23 females, only one was pregnant. It had two +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_468" id="Page_468">[468]</a></span> +embryos. Average and extreme weights of ten adults of each sex, +are: males, 37.8 (31.5-48.2); females, 38.0 (31.0-48.6) grams. Our +specimens were trapped in well-defined runways beneath a rail +fence where there was a growth of grass sufficient to make a cover +for the runways. Bailey (1900:54-55) has recorded under the name +<i>Microtus mexicanus phaeus</i> specimens from Nahuatzin which may +be referable to the subspecies <i>M. m. fundatus</i>.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Mus musculus</b> subsp.?<br /> +<br /> +House Mouse; Spanish, Ratón Casero<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Mus musculus</i> Linnaeus, Systema Naturae, ed. 10, 1:62, 1758, type from +Upsala, Sweden.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably throughout state.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 4: nos. 100696-100699, of which one is from Tacámbaro, +5,700 ft., and 3 are from 4 mi. S and 1 mi. E Tacámbaro, 4,500 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—In each of our specimens the belly is dark, approximately +as dark as the back. The specimens caught by us were +living in the wild; that is to say, they were not caught in and around +buildings. Elliot (1903:141) records the species from Pátzcuaro.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Rattus rattus alexandrinus</b> (Geoffroy)<br /> +<br /> +Black Rat; Spanish, Rata Negra<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Mus alexandrinus</i> Geoffroy, Catal. Mammif. du Mus. Nat. d'Hist., +Paris, p. 192, 1803, type from Alexandria, Egypt.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>R</i>[<i>attus</i>]. <i>rattus alexandrinus</i>, Hinton, Jour. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc., +26:63, December 20, 1918.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably throughout tropical and subtropical parts of state; recorded +also from Pátzcuaro.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 3: nos. 52027, 52033 from Tancítaro and 8909 from +Pátzcuaro.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—These specimens answer well to the description of +<i>R. r. alexandrinus</i> except that no. 8909, taken in May, 1901, by F. E. +Lutz, has yellowish underparts suggestive of <i>Rattus rattus frugivorous</i>. +In the town of Tacámbaro we saw a freshly killed rat of this +species which was all black.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sylvilagus floridanus subcinctus</b> (Miller)<br /> +<br /> +Florida Cottontail; Spanish, Conejo de Florida<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lepus floridanus subcinctus</i> Miller, Proc. Acad, Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, +p. 386, October 5, 1899, type from Hacienda El Molino, Negrete, Michoacán.</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sylvilagus floridanus subcinctus</i>, Lyon, Smiths. Misc. Coll., 45:336, +June 15, 1904; Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna, 29:180, August 31, 1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Northeastern part of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Nelson (1909:181) records specimens from Acámbaro, +Queréndaro and the type locality.</p> + + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_469" id="Page_469">[469]</a></span></p> + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sylvilagus floridanus restrictus</b> Nelson<br /> +<br /> +Florida Cottontail; Spanish, Conejo de Florida<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sylvilagus floridanus restrictus</i> Nelson, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +20:82, July 22,1907, type from Zapotlán, Jalisco; Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna, +29:181, August 31, 1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Forested areas of non-tropical part of state except northeastern +part.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Nelson (1909:183) records specimens from Los Reyes, +Pátzcuaro and Mount Tancítaro. This species and the Mexican +cottontail are favorite small game for the rural peoples.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Sylvilagus cunicularis cunicularis</b> (Waterhouse)<br /> +<br /> +Mexican Cottontail; Spanish, Conejo Méxicano<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lepus cunicularis</i> Waterhouse, Nat. Hist. Mammalia, 2:132, 1848, type +from Zacualpan (probably in state of México).</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Sylvilagus cunicularis</i>, Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna, 29:239, August 31, +1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably all of state except tropical coastal areas where another +subspecies of the same species probably will be found to occur.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 2: nos. 51965, 51966, from Tancítaro, one specimen +labeled as taken at 6,000 feet altitude.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Nelson (1909:241) has recorded this rabbit also from +Pátzcuaro.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Lepus callotis</b> Wagler<br /> +<br /> +White-sided Jack Rabbit; Spanish, Liebre<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Lepus callotis</i> Wagler, Naturliches System der Amphibien, p. 23, 1830, +type from southern end of Mexican Tableland; Nelson, N. Amer. Fauna, +29:122, August 31, 1909.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Approximately northeastern half of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Nelson (1909:124) records specimens from Los Reyes +and Queréndaro; we did not see any animals of this species in our +own field work.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Tayassu angulatus humeralis</b> Merriam<br /> +<br /> +Collared Peccary; Spanish, Jabalí del Collar; Tarascan, cúchjerámba +(cucheramba) or Juáteanapu (whatalanapu)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Tayassu angulatus humeralis</i> Merriam, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, +14:122, July 19, 1901, type from Armería, Colima.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Approximately southwestern half of state.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Under date of October 11, 1948, Henry W. Setzer +(<i>in litt.</i>) states that four specimens of this species, in the Biological +Surveys Collection in the United States National Museum, were +taken at La Salada, by Nelson and Goldman, and bear catalogue +numbers 126156, 126157, 126158 and 126159. No. 126158 is a female +taken on March 19, 1903. The other three specimens are +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_470" id="Page_470">[470]</a></span> +males taken on March 17, 1903. We did not see any animals of +this species in our own field work, and the only materials from +Michoacán actually examined by one of us (Hall) are the skulls +of nos. 126156 and 126158, referred to above, from the Biological +Surveys Collection.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Odocoileus virginianus sinaloae</b> Allen<br /> +<br /> +White-tailed Deer; Spanish, Venado Cola Blanca; Tarascan, +Asúni (Ashumi)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Odocoileus sinaloae</i> Allen, Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 19:613, November +14, 1903, type from. Esquinapa, Sinaloa.</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably statewide.</p> +</div> + +<p><i>Remarks.</i>—Through the courtesy of Dr. A. Remington Kellogg +we learn that in a manuscript on the deer of the <i>Odocoileus virginianus</i> +group, he and the late Major E. A. Goldman had recorded +specimens, in the Biological Surveys Collection of the United States +National Museum, as follows: Nahuatzin, 8,500 ft., nos. 35924/48232, +and 35925/48233; Los Reyes, 5,000 ft., no. 165673; Pátzcuaro, +7,000 ft., no. 35535/47819; and Uruapan, 4,500 ft., no. 13060. We +have not anywhere seen the name combination <i>Odocoileus virginianus +sinaloae</i> but from the original description we judge that +<i>Odocoileus sinaloae</i> is to be arranged as a geographic race of the +wide-ranging species <i>Odocoileus virginianus</i> as that species is now +understood.</p> + + +<p class="species_name"> +<b>Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus</b> Peters<br /> +<br /> +Nine-banded Armadillo; Spanish, Armadillo; Tarascan, Isíngu (Esingŏ)<br /> +</p> + +<p class="species_ref"><i>Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus</i> Peters, Monatsber. k. preuss. Akad. +Wissensch. Berlin, p. 180, 1864 (name restricted by Bailey, N. Amer. +Fauna, 25:52, October 24, 1905, to the subspecies occurring at Colima).</p> + +<div class="smaller"> +<p><i>Range.</i>—Probably statewide.</p> + +<p><i>Specimens examined</i>, 2; nos. 51392 from Tancítaro and 51964 from Apatzingan, +1,040 ft.</p> +</div> + +<p class="mrb2"><i>Remarks.</i>—The female from Tancítaro is immature as indicated +by the wide-open sutures between the bones of the skull which in +over-all length is only 72.8 mm. The male from Tancítaro is older +and the over-all length of the skull is 98.33 mm. Geographic considerations +alone are responsible for our use of the subspecific name +<i>mexicanus</i>; we do not know the morphological features which distinguish +<i>mexicanus</i> from other named subspecies.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_471" id="Page_471">[471]</a></span></p> +<p class="caption2">LITERATURE CITED</p> + +<p class="author">Andersen, K.</p> +<p class="reference">1908. A monograph of the Chiropteran genera, <i>Uroderma, Enchisthenes</i>, +and <i>Artibeus</i>. Proc. Zoöl. Soc. London, for 1908:204-319, text figs. +40-58.</p> + +<p class="author">Allen, G. M.</p> +<p class="reference">1916. Bats of the genus Corynorhinus. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zoöl., Harvard +College, 60:333-356, 1 pl., April, 1916.</p> + +<p class="author">Bailey, V.</p> +<p class="reference">1900. Revision of American voles of the genus Microtus. N. Amer. Fauna, +17:1-88, 5 pls., 17 figs. in text, June 6, 1900.</p> +<p class="reference">1902. Synopsis of the North American Species of <i>Sigmodon</i>. Proc. Biol. +Soc. Washington, 15:101-116, June 2, 1902.</p> + +<p class="author">Benson, S. B.</p> +<p class="reference">1947. Description of a mastiff bat (genus <i>Eumops</i>) from Sonora, Mexico. +Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 60:133-134, December 31, 1947.</p> + +<p class="author">Davis, W. B.</p> +<p class="reference">1944. Notes on Mexican mammals. Jour. Mamm., 25:370-403, 1 fig. in +text, December 12, 1944.</p> + +<p class="author">Elliot, D. G.</p> +<p class="reference">1903. A list of a collection of Mexican mammals with descriptions of +some apparently new forms. Field Columb. Mus. Pub. No. 71, zoöl. +ser., 3(no. 8):141-149, February, 1903.</p> + +<p class="author">Goldman, E. A.</p> +<p class="reference">1911. Revision of the spiny pocket mice (genera Heteromys and Liomys) +N. Amer. Fauna, 34:1-70, 3 pls. 6 figs. in text, September 7, 1911.</p> +<p class="reference">1938. List of the gray foxes of Mexico. Jour. Washington Acad. Sci., +28:494-498, November 15, 1938.</p> +<p class="reference">1942. Notes on the coatis of the Mexican mainland. Proc. Biol. Soc. +Washington, 55:79-82, June 25, 1942.</p> + +<p class="author">Hall, E. R.</p> +<p class="reference">1948. Two new meadow mice from Michoacán, Mexico. Univ. Kansas +Publ. Mus. Nat. Hist., 1:423-427, 6 figs. in text, December 24, 1948.</p> +<p class="reference">1949. A new subspecies of cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus, from Michoacán, +Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, 62:149-150, 3 figs. in text, August, +23,1949.</p> + +<p style="text-indent: 0"><span class="author">Hall, E. R.</span>, and <span class="author">Villa-R., B.</span></p> +<p class="reference">1948. A new pocket gopher (Thomomys) and a new spiny pocket mouse +(Liomys) from Michoacán, México. Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. +Hist., 1:249-255, 6 figs. in, text, July 26, 1948.</p> +<p class="reference">1949. A new harvest mouse from Michoacán, Mexico. Proc. Biol. Soc. +Washington, 62:163-164, August 23, 1949.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_472" id="Page_472">[472]</a></span></p> + +<p class="author">Hooper, E. T.</p> +<p class="reference">1946. Two genera of pocket gophers should be congeneric. Jour. Mamm., +27:397-399, November 25, 1946.</p> + +<p class="author">Howell, A. H.</p> +<p class="reference">1906. Revision of the skunks of the genus Spilogale. N. Amer. Fauna, +26:1-55, 10 pls., November 24, 1906.</p> +<p class="reference">1914. Revision of the American harvest mice (Genus Reithrodontomys). +N. Amer. Fauna, 36:1-97, 7 pls., 6 figs. in text, June 5, 1914.</p> +<p class="reference">1938. Revision of the North American ground squirrels, with a classification +of North American Sciuridae. N. Amer. Fauna, 56:1-256, 32 +pls. (some colored), 20 figs. in text, May 18, 1938.</p> + +<p class="author">Jackson, H. H. T.</p> +<p class="reference">1928. A taxonomic revision of the American long-tailed shrews.... N. +Amer. Fauna, 51:vi+238, 13 pls., 24 figs., July 24, 1928.</p> + +<p class="txtind0"><span class="smcap">Martinez, L.</span>, and <span class="smcap">Villa-R., B.</span></p> +<p class="reference">1940. Segunda contribucion al conocimiento de los murcielagos Mexicanos—II +Estado de Guerrero. Anales d. Inst. Biol., (Univ.) México. +11:291-361, illustrated, 1940.</p> + +<p class="author">Miller, G. S., Jr.</p> +<p class="reference">1897. Revision of the North American bats of the family Vespertilionidae. +N. Amer. Fauna, 13:1-140, 3 pls., 40 figs. in text, October 16, 1897.</p> + +<p class="txtind0"><span class="author">Miller, G. S., Jr.</span>, and <span class="author">Allen, G. M.</span></p> +<p class="reference">1928. The American bats of the genera Myotis and Pizonyx. U. S. Nat. +Mus. Bull., 144:viii+218, 1 pl., 1 fig., 13 maps, May 25, 1928.</p> + +<p class="author">Nelson, E. W.</p> +<p class="reference">1899. Revision of the squirrels of Mexico and Central America. Proc. +Washington Acad. Sci., 1:15-110, 2 pls., May 9, 1899.</p> +<p class="reference">1909. The rabbits of North America. N. Amer. Fauna, 29:1-314, 13 pls., +19 figs. in text, August 31, 1909.</p> + +<p class="author">Osgood, W. H.</p> +<p class="reference">1909. Revision of the mice of the American genus Peromyscus. N. Amer. +Fauna, 28:1-285, 8 pls., 12 figs., April 17, 1909.</p> +<p class="reference">1945. Two new rodents from Mexico. Jour. Mamm., 26:299-301, November +14, 1945.</p> + +<p class="author">Tate, G. H. H.</p> +<p class="reference">1933. A systematic revision of the marsupial genus <i>Marmosa</i>, with a discussion +of the adaptive radiation of the murine opossums (<i>Marmosa</i>). +Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 66:1-250, pls. 1-26, 29 figs. in +text, August 10, 1933.</p> + +<p class="mrt2 mrb2">Transmitted August 30, 1948.</p> + + +<p class="center mrb2" style="text-indent: 0;"> +<img src="images/union_label.png" width="71" height="26" alt="Look for the Union Label"/> +<br /> +22-6113 +</p> + +<div class="trans_notes"> +<div class="caption2">Transcriber's Notes</div> + +<p>On <a href="#Page_458">page 458</a>, the +<i>Reithrodontomys fulvescens inexspectatus</i> Elliot also lists +<i>Rhithrodontomys inexspectatus</i> Elliot. Apparently the two genera +names (Reithrodontomys and Rhithrodontomys) are both 'correct' spellings +for Harvest Mice.</p> + +<div class="caption2">Typographical Corrections</div> + + +<div class="center"> +<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="typo list"> +<tr> + <td align="left"> Page</td> + <td> </td> + <td class="text_lf">Correction</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf"><a href="#Page_444">444</a></td> + <td> </td> + <td class="text_lf">Fanua → Fauna</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf"><a href="#Page_447">447</a></td> + <td class="text_lf"></td> + <td class="text_lf">costal → coastal</td> +</tr> +<tr> + <td class="text_lf"><a href="#Page_451">451</a></td> + <td class="text_lf"></td> + <td class="text_lf">Cúnu → Cúmu</td> +</tr> +</table> +</div> +<br /> +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of An Annotated Check List of the Mammals +of Michoacán, México, by Bernardo Villa R. and E. 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