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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Julia Ward Howe, by
+Laura E. Richards and Maud Howe Elliott
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Julia Ward Howe
+       1819-1910
+
+Author: Laura E. Richards
+        Maud Howe Elliott
+
+Release Date: January 23, 2012 [EBook #38648]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JULIA WARD HOWE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by David Edwards, Julia Neufeld and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Archive)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: cover]
+
+
+
+
+  JULIA WARD HOWE
+  1819-1910
+  VOLUME I
+
+[Illustration: JULIA WARD HOWE
+
+_From a photograph by J. J. Hawes, about 1861_]
+
+
+
+
+  JULIA WARD HOWE
+  1819-1910
+
+  BY
+  LAURA E. RICHARDS
+  AND MAUD HOWE ELLIOTT
+
+
+  ASSISTED BY
+  FLORENCE HOWE HALL
+
+[Illustration: Publisher's Mark]
+
+  TWO VOLUMES IN ONE
+
+
+  BOSTON AND NEW YORK
+  HOUGHTON MIFFLIN COMPANY
+  The Riverside Press Cambridge
+
+
+  COPYRIGHT, 1915, BY LAURA E. RICHARDS AND MAUD HOWE ELLIOTT
+
+  ALL RIGHTS RESERVED INCLUDING THE RIGHT TO REPRODUCE
+  THIS BOOK OR PARTS THEREOF IN ANY FORM
+
+
+
+  The Riverside Press
+  CAMBRIDGE-MASSACHUSETTS
+  PRINTED IN THE U.S.A.
+  TO
+  HENRY MARION HOWE
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS
+
+
+  I. ANCESTRAL.                                                      3
+
+  II. LITTLE JULIA WARD. 1819-1835                                  15
+
+  III. "THE CORNER." 1835-1839                                      41
+
+  IV. GIRLHOOD. 1839-1843                                           56
+
+  V. TRAVEL. 1843-1844                                              79
+
+  VI. SOUTH BOSTON. 1844-1851                                      101
+
+  VII. "PASSION FLOWERS." 1852-1858                                136
+
+  VIII. LITTLE SAMMY: THE CIVIL WAR. 1859-1863                     173
+
+  IX. NO. 13 CHESTNUT STREET, BOSTON. 1864                         194
+
+  X. THE WIDER OUTLOOK. 1865                                       213
+
+  XI. NO. 19 BOYLSTON PLACE: "LATER LYRICS." 1866                  235
+
+  XII. GREECE AND OTHER LANDS. 1867                                260
+
+  XIII. CONCERNING CLUBS. 1867-1871                                283
+
+  XIV. THE PEACE CRUSADE. 1870-1872                                299
+
+  XV. SANTO DOMINGO. 1872-1874                                     320
+
+  XVI. THE LAST OF GREEN PEACE. 1872-1876                          339
+
+  XVII. THE WOMAN'S CAUSE. 1868-1910                               358
+
+
+
+
+JULIA WARD HOWE
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I
+
+ANCESTRAL
+
+  These are my people, quaint and ancient,
+  Gentlefolks with their prim old ways;
+  This, their leader come from England,
+  Governed a State in early days.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  I must vanish with my ancients,
+  But a golden web of love
+  Is around us and beneath us,
+  Binds us to our home above.
+
+                                        JULIA WARD HOWE.
+
+
+Our mother was once present at a meeting where there was talk of
+ancestry and heredity. One of the speakers dwelt largely upon the sins
+of the fathers. He drew stern pictures of the vice, the barbarism, the
+heathenism of the "good old times," and ended by saying with emphasis
+that he felt himself "_bowed down beneath the burden of the sins of his
+ancestors_."
+
+Our mother was on her feet in a flash.
+
+"Mr. So-and-So," she said, "is bowed down by the sins of his ancestors.
+I wish to say that all my life I have been buoyed up and lifted on by
+the remembrance of the virtues of mine!"
+
+These words are so characteristic of her, that in beginning the story of
+her life it seems proper to dwell at some length on the ancestors whose
+memory she cherished with such reverence.
+
+The name of Ward occurs first on the roll of Battle Abbey: "Seven
+hundred and ten distinguished persons" accompanied William of Normandy
+to England, among them "Ward, one of the noble captains."
+
+Her first known ancestor, John Ward, of Gloucester, England, sometime
+cavalry officer in Cromwell's army, came to this country after the
+Restoration and settled at Newport in Rhode Island. His son Thomas
+married Amy Smith, a granddaughter of Roger Williams. Thomas's son
+Richard became Governor of Rhode Island and had fourteen children, among
+them Samuel, who in turn became Governor of the Colony, and a member of
+the Continental Congress. He was the only Colonial governor who refused
+to take the oath to enforce the Stamp Act. In 1775, in the Continental
+Congress, he was made Chairman of the Committee of the Whole, which from
+1774 to 1776 sat daily, working without intermission in the cause of
+independence. But though one of the framers of the "Declaration," he was
+not destined to be a "signer." John Adams says of him, "When he was
+seized with the smallpox he said that if his vote and voice were
+necessary to support the cause of his country, he should live; if not,
+he should die. He died, and the cause of his country was supported, but
+it lost one of its most sincere and punctual advocates."
+
+The correspondence between Governor Ward and General Washington has been
+preserved. In one letter the latter says: "I think, should occasion
+offer, I shall be able to give you a good account of your son, as he
+seems a sensible, well-informed young man."
+
+This young man was Samuel Ward, Lieutenant-Colonel of the First Rhode
+Island Regiment, and our mother's grandfather.[1]
+
+  [1] Born 1756, died 1832. He graduated in 1771 from Rhode Island
+  College (now Brown University) with distinguished honors.
+
+In Trumbull's painting of the Attack on Quebec in 1776, there is a
+portrait of Lieutenant-Colonel Ward, a young, active figure with sword
+uplifted. His life was full of stirring incident. In 1775 he received
+his commission as Captain, and was one of two hundred and fifty of the
+Rhode Island troops who volunteered to join Benedict Arnold's command of
+eleven hundred men, ordered to advance by way of the Kennebec River to
+reinforce General Montgomery at Quebec. In a letter to his family, dated
+Point-aux-Trembles, November 26, 1775, Captain Ward says: "We were
+thirty days in the wilderness, that none but savages ever attempted to
+pass. We marched a hundred miles upon shore with only three days'
+provisions, waded over three rapid rivers, marched through snow and ice
+barefoot, passed over the St. Lawrence where it was guarded by the
+enemy's frigates, and are now resting about twenty-four miles from the
+city to recruit our worn-out natures. General Montgomery intends to join
+us immediately, so that we have a winter's campaign before us. But I
+trust we shall have the glory of taking Quebec!"
+
+The young soldier's hopes were vain. He was taken prisoner with many of
+his men while gallantly defending a difficult position, and spent a year
+in prison. On his release he rejoined the army of Washington and fought
+through the greater part of the Revolution, rising to the rank of
+Lieutenant-Colonel. He was at Peekskill, Valley Forge, and Red Bank, and
+wrote the official account of the last-named battle, which may be found
+in Washington's correspondence.
+
+During the terrible winter at Valley Forge, Lieutenant-Colonel Ward
+obtained a month's furlough, wooed and married his cousin, Phoebe
+Greene (daughter of Governor William Greene, of Rhode Island, and of the
+beautiful Catherine Ray,[2] of Block Island), and returned to the snows
+and starvation of the winter camp. Our mother was very proud of her
+great-grandmother Catherine's memory, treasured her rat-tail spoons and
+her wedding stockings of orange silk, and was fond of telling how
+Benjamin Franklin admired and corresponded with her. Some of Franklin's
+letters have been preserved. He speaks of his wife as the "old lady,"
+but says he has got so used to her faults that they are like his own--he
+does not recognize them any more. In one letter he gives the following
+advice to the lovely Catherine: "Kill no more Pigeons than you can eat.
+Go constantly to meeting or to church--till you get a good husband; then
+stay at home and nurse the children and live like a Christian."
+
+  [2] Granddaughter of Simon Ray, one of the original owners of the
+  island. He was "pressed in a cheese-press" on account of his
+  religious opinions.
+
+Some years after the Revolution, Colonel Ward was in Paris on a business
+errand. He kept a record of his stay there in a parchment pocket-book,
+where among technical entries are found brief comments on matters of
+general interest. One day the Colonel tells of a dinner party where he
+met Vergniaud and other prominent revolutionists. He was surprised to
+find them such plain men; "yet were they exceeding warm." On December
+29,1792, he notes: "Dined with Gouverneur Morris. Served upon
+plate--good wines--his Kitchen neither french or English, but between
+both. Servants french, apartments good.... I have visited the halls of
+painting and sculpture at the Louvre. The peices [sic] are all called
+_chef d'oeuvres_ by connoisseurs. The oldest are thought the best, I
+cannot tell why, though some of the old peices are very good. Milo
+riving the oak is good...."
+
+He went to the theatre, and observed that the features which appeared to
+him most objectionable were specially applauded by the audience.
+
+Briefly, amid items of the sale of land, he thus notes the execution of
+Louis XVI:--
+
+"January 15th. The convention has this day decided upon two questions on
+the King; one that he was guilty, another that the question should not
+be sent to the people.
+
+"January 17th. The convention up all night upon the question of the
+King's sentence. At eleven this night the question was determined--the
+sentence of death was pronounced. 366 death--319 seclusion or
+banishment--36 various--majority of 5 absolute--the King caused an
+appeal to be made to the people, which was not allowed; thus the
+convention have been the accusers, the judges, and will be the executors
+of their own sentence--this will cause a great degree of astonishment in
+America....
+
+"January 21st. Went to the Pont Royal to pass it at nine o'clock. Guards
+prevented me from going over. I had engaged to pass this day, which is
+one of horror, at Versailles, with Mr. Morris. The King was beheaded at
+eleven o'clock. Guards, at an early hour, took possession of the _Place
+Louis XV_, and were posted in each avenue. The most profound peace
+prevailed. Those who had feeling lamented in secret in their houses, or
+had left town. Others showed the same levity or barbarous indifference
+as on former occasions. Hichborn, Henderson, and Johnson went to see the
+execution, for which, as an American, I was sorry. The King desired to
+speak. He had only time to say he was innocent, and forgave his enemies.
+He behaved with the fortitude of a martyr. Santerre ordered the
+[executioner] to dispatch him. At twelve the streets were again all
+open."
+
+There is a tradition that when Colonel Ward quitted Paris, with a party
+of friends, the carriage was driven by a disguised nobleman, who thus
+escaped the guillotine.
+
+Our mother remembered him as a "gentleman advanced in years, with
+courtly manner and mild blue eyes, which were, in spite of their
+mildness, very observing."
+
+She inherited many traits from the Wards, among them a force and
+integrity of purpose, a strength of character, and a certain business
+instinct which sometimes cropped up when least expected, and which
+caused some of her family to call her the "banker's daughter."
+
+Those were also solid qualities which she inherited from the Rhode
+Island Greenes. Greenes of Warwick, Greenes of East Greenwich; all
+through Colonial and Revolutionary history we find their names. Sturdy,
+active, patriotic men: Generals, Colonels, and Governors of "Rhode
+Island and Providence Plantations," chief among them Governor William
+Greene, the "War Governor," and General Nathanael Greene of glorious
+memory.
+
+Our liveliest association with the name of Greene is the memory of Mrs.
+Nancy Greene, first cousin of our grandfather Ward and daughter-in-law
+of the General who died in Middletown, Rhode Island, in 1886, at the age
+of one hundred and two. This lady was dear to our mother as the one
+remaining link with her father's generation. A visit to "Cousin Nancy"
+was one of her great pleasures, and we children were happy if we were
+allowed to accompany her. The old lady sat erect and dignified in her
+straight-backed chair, and the two discoursed at length of days gone by.
+To Cousin Nancy "Julia" was always young, though the "Battle Hymn of the
+Republic" was already written when the old lady charged her to
+"cultivate a literary taste." On another occasion--it was one of the
+later visits--she said with emphasis, "Julia, do not allow yourself to
+grow old! When you feel that you _cannot_ do a thing, _get up and do
+it!_" Julia never forgot this advice.
+
+Cousin Nancy never read a novel in her life, as she announced with
+pride. She wished to read the "Annals of the Schoenberg-Cotta Family,"
+but, finding it to be a work of fiction, decided not to break her rule.
+She was a fond and pious mother; when her son needed chastisement, she
+would pray over him so long that he would cry out, "Mother, it is time
+to begin whipping!"
+
+If Julia Ward was part Ward and Greene, she was quite as much Cutler and
+Marion; it is to this descent that we must turn for the best explanation
+of her many-sided character.
+
+When she said of any relation, however distant, "He is a Cutler!" it
+meant that she recognized in that person certain qualities--a warmth of
+temperament, a personality glowing, sparkling, effervescent--akin to her
+own. If in addition to these qualities the person had red hair, she took
+him to her heart, and he could do no wrong. All this, and a host of
+tender associations beside, the name of Cutler meant to her; yet it may
+be questioned whether any of these characteristics would have appeared
+in the descendants of Johannes Demesmaker, worthy citizen of Holland,
+who, coming to this country in 1674, changed his name to Cutler for
+convenience' sake, had not one of these descendants, Benjamin Clarke
+Cutler, married Sarah (Mitchell) Hyrne, daughter of Thomas Mitchell and
+Esther (or Hester) Marion.
+
+To most people, the name of Marion suggests one person only,--General
+Francis Marion of Revolutionary fame; yet it was the grandfather of the
+General, Benjamin Marion, of La Rochelle, who was the first of the name
+to settle in this country, coming hither when the Revocation of the
+Edict of Nantes drove the Huguenots into exile. Brigadier-General Peter
+Horry,[3] friend and biographer of General Marion, quotes the letter
+which told Benjamin of his banishment:--
+
+
+Your damnable heresy well deserves, even in this life, that purgation by
+fire which awfully awaits it in the next. But in consideration of your
+youth and worthy connections, our mercy has condescended to commute your
+punishment to perpetual exile. You will, therefore, instantly prepare to
+quit your country forever, for, if after ten days from the date hereof,
+you should be found in any part of the kingdom, your miserable body
+shall be consumed by fire and your impious ashes scattered on the winds
+of heaven.
+
+         (Signed)
+                                                   PERE ROCHELLE.
+
+  [3] See Horry and Weems, _Life of Marion_. General Horry was a most
+  zealous and devoted friend; as a biographer his accuracy is
+  questionable, his picturesqueness never.
+
+
+Within the ten days Benjamin Marion had wound up his affairs, married
+his betrothed, Judith Baluet, and was on his way to America to seek his
+fortune. He bought a plantation on Goose Creek, near Charleston, South
+Carolina, and here he and his Judith lived for many peaceful years in
+content and prosperity, seeing their children grow up around them.[4]
+
+  [4] We have not found the date of his death, but Horry gives the
+  principal features of his will as he got them from the family. He calls
+  Judith Marion "Louisa," but that is his picturesque way. She may have
+  been "Judith Louisa"! Women's names were not of much consequence in
+  those days.
+
+"After having, in the good old way, bequeathed 'his soul to God who gave
+it,' and 'his body to the earth out of which it was taken,' he
+proceeds:--
+
+"'In the first place, as to debts, thank God, I owe none, and therefore
+shall give my executors but little trouble on that score.
+
+"'Secondly,--As to the poor, I have always treated them as my brethren.
+My dear family will, I know, follow my example.
+
+"'Thirdly,--As to the wealth with which God has been pleased to bless me
+and my dear Louisa and children, lovingly have we labored together for
+it--lovingly we have enjoyed it--and now, with a glad and grateful heart
+do I leave it among them.
+
+"'I give my beloved Louisa all my ready money--that she may never be
+alarmed at a sudden call.
+
+"'I give her all my fat calves and lambs, my pigs and poultry--that she
+may always keep a good table.
+
+"'I give her my new carriage and horses--that she may visit her friends
+in comfort.
+
+"'I give her my family Bible--that she may live above the ill-tempers
+and sorrows of life.
+
+"'I give my son Peter a hornbook--for I am afraid he will always be a
+dunce.'"
+
+General Horry goes on to say that Peter was so stunned by this squib
+that he "instantly quit his raccoon hunting by night and betook himself
+to reading, and soon became a very sensible and charming young man."
+
+Gabriel Marion, the eldest son of Benjamin, married a young woman, also
+of Huguenot blood, Charlotte Cordes or Corday, said to have been a
+relative of the other Charlotte Corday, the heroine of the French
+Revolution. To this couple were born six children, the eldest being
+Esther, our mother's great-grandmother, the youngest, Francis, who was
+to become the "Swamp Fox" of Revolutionary days.
+
+Esther Marion has been called the "Queen Bee" of the Marion hive; she
+had fifteen children, and her descendants have multiplied and spread in
+every direction. She was twice married, first to John Allston, of
+Georgetown, or Waccamaw, secondly to Thomas Mitchell, of Georgetown. The
+only one of the fifteen children with whom we have concern is Sarah
+Mitchell, the "Grandma Cutler" of Julia Ward's childhood. This lady was
+married at fourteen to Dr. Hyrne, an officer of Washington's army. Julia
+well remembered her saying that after her engagement, she wept on being
+told that she must give up her dolls.
+
+Dr. Hyrne lived but a short time, and four years after his death the
+twenty-year-old widow married Benjamin Clarke Cutler, then a widower,
+Sheriff of Norfolk County, Massachusetts, and third in descent from John
+Demesmaker,[5] before mentioned, sometime physician and surgeon.
+
+  [5] On first coming to this country, Johannes Demesmaker settled in
+  Hingham, Massachusetts. Later he moved to Boston, where he became known
+  as Dr. John Cutler; married Mary Cowell, of Boston, and served as
+  surgeon in King Philip's War.
+
+Our mother was much attached to "Grandma Cutler," and speaks thus of her
+in a sketch entitled "The Elegant Literature of Sixty Years Ago":
+"Grandma will read Owen Feltham's 'Resolves,' albeit the print is too
+small for her eyes. She knows Pope and Crabbe by heart, admires
+Shenstone, and tells me which scenes are considered finest in this or
+that of Scott's novels. Calling one day upon a compeer of her own age,
+she was scandalized to find her occupied with a silly story called
+'Jimmy Jessamy.'"
+
+Mrs. Cutler had known General Washington, and was fond of telling how at
+a ball the Commander-in-Chief crossed the room to speak to her. Many of
+her letters have been preserved, and show a sprightliness which is well
+borne out by her portrait, that of a charming old lady in a turban, with
+bright eyes and a humorous mouth.
+
+A word remains to be said about General Francis Marion himself. This
+hero of history, song, and romance was childless; our mother could claim
+as near relationship to him as could any of her generation. She was
+extremely proud of this kinship, and no one who knew her could doubt
+that from the Marions she inherited many vital qualities. One winter,
+toward the end of her life, there was a meeting at the Old South Church
+at which--as at the gathering described at the beginning of this
+chapter--there was talk of ancestry and kindred topics. The weather was
+stormy, our mother well on in the eighties, but she was there. Being
+called on to speak, she made a brief address in the course of which she
+alluded to her Southern descent, and to General Francis Marion, her
+great-great-uncle. As she spoke her eyes lightened with mirth, in the
+way we all remember: "General Marion," she said, "was known in his
+generation as the 'Swamp Fox'; and when I succeed in eluding the care of
+my guardians, children and grandchildren, and coming to a meeting like
+this, I think I may be said to have inherited some of his
+characteristics!"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II
+
+LITTLE JULIA WARD
+
+1819-1835; _aet._ 1-16
+
+FROM MY NURSERY: FORTY-SIX YEARS AGO
+
+  When I was a little child,
+  Said my passionate nurse, and wild:
+  "Wash you, children, clean and white;
+  God may call you any night."
+
+  Close my tender brother clung,
+  While I said with doubtful tongue:
+  "No, we cannot die so soon;
+  For you told, the other noon,
+
+  "Of those months in order fine
+  That should make the earth divine.
+  I've not seen, scarce five years old,
+  Months like those of which you told."
+
+  Softly, then, the woman's hand
+  Loosed my frock from silken band,
+  Tender smoothed the fiery head,
+  Often shamed for ringlets red.
+  Somewhat gently did she say,
+  "Child, those months are every day."
+
+  Still, methinks, I wait in fear,
+  For that wonder-glorious year--
+  For a spring without a storm,
+  Summer honey-dewed and warm,
+  Autumn of robuster strength,
+  Winter piled in crystal length.
+
+  I will wash me clean and white;
+  God may call me any night.
+  I must tell Him when I go
+  His great year is yet to know--
+  Year when working of the race
+  Shall match Creation's dial face;
+  Each hour be born of music's chime,
+  And Truth eternal told in Time.
+
+                                        J. W. H.
+
+
+Lieutenant-Colonel Ward had ten children, of whom seven lived to grow
+up. The fifth child and son was Samuel, our mother's father, born in
+Warwick, Rhode Island, May 1, 1786. When he was four years old, the
+family moved to New York, where the Colonel and his brother established
+themselves as merchants under the firm name of Samuel Ward & Brother.
+
+The firm was only moderately successful; the children came fast. With
+his narrow income it was not possible for the father to give his boy the
+college education he desired; so at fourteen, fresh from the common
+schools, Samuel entered as a clerk the banking house of Prime & King.
+While still a mere lad, an old friend of the family asked him what he
+meant to be when he came to man's estate.
+
+"I mean to be one of the first bankers in the United States!" replied
+Samuel.
+
+At the age of twenty-two he became a partner in the firm, which was
+thereafter known as Prime, Ward & King.
+
+In a memoir of our grandfather, the partner who survived him, Mr.
+Charles King, says:--
+
+"Money was the commodity in which Mr. Ward dealt, and if, as is hardly
+to be disputed, money be the root of all evil, it is also, in hands that
+know how to use it worthily, the instrument of much good. There exist
+undoubtedly, in regard to the trade in money, and respecting those
+engaged in it, many and absurd prejudices, inherited in part from
+ancient error, and fomented and kept alive by the jealousies of
+ignorance and indigence. It is therefore no small triumph to have lived
+down, as Mr. Ward did, this prejudice, and to have forced upon the
+community in the midst of which he resided, and upon all brought into
+connexion with him, the conviction that commerce in money, like commerce
+in general, is, to a lofty spirit, lofty and ennobling, and is valued
+more for the power it confers, of promoting liberal and beneficent
+enterprises, and of conducing to the welfare and prosperity of society,
+than for the means of individual and selfish gratification or
+indulgence."
+
+Mr. Ward's activities were not confined to financial affairs. He was
+founder and first president of the Bank of Commerce; one of the founders
+of the New York University and of the Stuyvesant Institute, etc., etc.
+
+In 1812 he married Julia Rush Cutler, second daughter of Benjamin Clarke
+and Sarah Mitchell (Hyrne) Cutler. Julia Cutler was sixteen years old at
+the time of her marriage, lovely in character and beautiful in person.
+She had been a pupil of the saintly Isabella Graham, and her literary
+taste had been carefully cultivated in the style of the day. One of her
+poems, found in Griswold's "Female Poets of America," shows the deeply
+religious cast of her mind; yet she was full of gentle gayety, loved
+music, laughter, and pretty things.
+
+During the first years of their married life, Mr. and Mrs. Ward lived in
+Marketfield Street, near the Battery. Here four children were born,
+Samuel and Henry, and the two Julias. She who was known as "the first
+little Julia" lived only four years. During her fatal illness her father
+was called away by urgent business. In great distress of mind, he
+arranged that certain tokens should inform him of the child's
+condition. A few days later, as he was riding homeward, a messenger came
+to meet him and silently laid in his hand a tiny shoe: the child was
+dead.
+
+Not long after this, on May 27, 1819, a second daughter was born, and
+named Julia.
+
+Julia Ward was very little when her parents moved to "a large house on
+the Bowling Green, a region of high fashion in those days."[6] Here were
+born three more children: Francis Marion, Louisa Cutler, and Ann Eliza.
+For some time before the birth of the last-named child, Mrs. Ward's
+health had been gradually failing, though every known measure had been
+used to restore it. There had been journeys to Niagara and up the
+Hudson, in the family coach, straw-color outside with linings and
+cushions of brilliant blue. Little Julia went with her mother on these
+journeys; the good elder sister, Eliza Cutler, was also of the party;
+and a physician, Dr. John Wakefield Francis, who was later to play an
+important part in the family life. Julia remembered many incidents of
+these journeys, though the latest of them took place when she was barely
+four years old. She sat in a little chair placed at the feet of her
+elders, and she used to tell us how, cramped with remaining in one
+position, she was constantly moving the chair, bringing its feet down on
+those of Dr. Francis, to his acute anguish. In spite of this, the good
+doctor would often read to her from a book of short tales and poems
+which had been brought for her amusement, and she always remembered his
+reading of "Pity the sorrows of a poor old man," and how it brought the
+tears to her eyes.
+
+  [6] _Reminiscences_, p. 4.
+
+At Niagara Falls she asked Dr. Francis, "Who made that great hole where
+the water came down?" and was told "The great Maker of all!" This
+puzzled her, and she inquired further, but when her friend said, "Do you
+not know? Our Father who art in heaven!" she "felt that she ought to
+have known, and went away somewhat abashed."[7]
+
+  [7] _Reminiscences_, p. 4.
+
+She remembered a visit to Red Jacket, the famous Indian chief, at his
+encampment. Julia was given a twist of tobacco tied with blue ribbon,
+which she was to present to him. At sight of the tall, dignified savage,
+the child sprang forward and threw her arms round his neck, to the great
+discomfiture of both; baby as she was, Julia felt at once that her
+embrace was unexpected and unwelcome.
+
+Sometimes they went to the pleasant farm at Jamaica, Long Island, where
+Lieutenant-Colonel Ward was living at this time, with his unmarried
+sons, and his two daughters, Phoebe and Anne.
+
+Phoebe was an invalid saint. She lived in a darkened room, and the
+plates and dishes from which she ate were of brown china or crockery, as
+she fancied her eyes could not bear white. Anne was equally pious, but
+more normal. She it was who managed the farm, and who would always bring
+the cheeses to New York herself for the market, lest any of the family
+grow proud and belittle the dignity of honest work.
+
+It is from Jamaica that Mrs. Ward writes to her mother a letter which
+shows that though the tenderest of mothers, she had been strictly imbued
+with the Old Testament ideas of bringing up children.
+
+
+DEAREST MOTHER,-- ... I find myself better since I came hither....
+Husband _more devoted than ever_; children sweet tho' something of a
+drawback on my recovery.... Thus in one page, you have the whole history
+of my present life, reading and thinking only excepted, which occupy by
+far the greatest portion of my time.... I was obliged to whip Julia
+yesterday afternoon, and have been sick ever since in consequence of the
+agitation it threw me into.... I felt _obliged_ to try Solomon's
+prescription, which had a worse effect on me than on her.... I think it
+is the last time, however, blow high or low, for she is as nervous as
+her mama was at her age, at the sight of a rod, and screamed herself
+almost to death; indeed her nerves were so affected that she cannot get
+over it and has cried all today, trembling as violently as if she had
+the ague all the time I whipped her and could not eat.
+
+
+Julia was to retain through life the memories of the dear mother so
+early lost. She remembered her first sewing-lesson; how being told to
+take the needle in one hand she straightway placed the thimble on the
+other. She remembered her first efforts to say "mother," and how
+"muzzer" was all she could produce, till "the dear parent presently
+said, 'if you cannot do better than that, you will have to go back and
+call me "mamma."' The shame of going back moved me to one last effort,
+and, summoning my utmost strength of tongue I succeeded in saying
+'mother.'"[8]
+
+  [8] _Reminiscences_, p. 8.
+
+All devices to restore the young mother's failing strength were in vain:
+soon after giving birth to the fourth daughter, Ann Eliza, she died.
+
+Her life had been pure, happy, and unselfish; yet her last hours were
+full of anguish. Reared in the strictest tenets of Evangelical piety,
+she was oppressed with terror concerning the fate of her soul; the
+sorrows of death compassed her about, the pains of hell gat hold upon
+her. It is piteous to read of the sufferings of this innocent creature,
+as described by her mourning family; piteous, too, to realize, by the
+light of to-day, that she was almost literally _prayed to death_. She
+was twenty-seven years old when she died and had borne seven children.
+
+Mr. Ward's grief at the death of this beloved wife was so extreme as to
+bring on a severe illness. For some time he could not bear to see the
+child who, he thought, had cost her mother's life; and though he
+gathered his other children tenderly around him, the little Annie was
+kept out of his sight.
+
+By and by his father came to make him a visit and heard of this state of
+things. Going to the nursery, the old gentleman took the baby from its
+nurse, and carrying it into the room where his son sat desolate, laid it
+gently in his arms. From that moment the little youngest became almost
+his dearest care.
+
+He could not live with his sorrow in the same dwelling that had
+contained his joy. The beautiful house at Bowling Green was sold, with
+the new furniture which had lately been ordered to please his Julia, and
+which the children never saw uncovered; and the family removed to Bond
+Street, then at the upper end of New York City.
+
+"Mr. Ward," said his friends, "you are going out of town!"
+
+Bond Street in the twentieth century is an unlovely thoroughfare, grimy,
+frowzy, given over largely to the sale of feathers and artificial
+flowers; Bond Street in the early part of the nineteenth century was a
+different affair.
+
+The first settler in the street was Jonas Minturn, who about 1825 built
+No. 22. Mr. Ward came next. The city was then so remote, one could
+hardly see the houses to the south across the woods and fields.
+
+The Ward children saw the street grow up around them; saw the dignified
+houses, brick or freestone, built and occupied by Kings, Halls, Morgans,
+Grinnells, most of all by Wards. Mr. Ward was then at No. 16; his
+father, the old Revolutionary soldier, soon came to live at No. 7, with
+his daughter Anne; his brother Henry was first at No. 14, then at No.
+23; while his brother John was to make No. 8 a dwelling beloved by three
+generations.
+
+Julia did not remember in what year her father bought the tract of land
+at the corner of Bond Street and Broadway. At first a large part of it
+was fenced in, and used as a riding-ring by the Ward boys. There was
+also, either here or at No. 16, something in the way of a garden, which
+she thus recalls in an address on horticulture, given in her later
+years:--
+
+"My earliest horticultural recollections go back to an enclosure,
+usually called a yard, in the rear of my father's house in New York.
+When my little brother and I were turned out to play there, we might
+just as well have picked the bugs off the rosebushes as the buds, of
+which we made wicked havoc. Not knowing what to do with the flower
+border, we barbarized instead of cultivating it. Being of extremely
+inquiring minds, we picked the larkspurs and laburnums to pieces, but
+became nothing the wiser for the process. A little daily tuition might
+have transformed us into a miniature Adam and Eve, and might have taught
+us some things that these old friends of ours did not know. But tuition
+to us then meant six or eight daily hours passed in dry conversation
+with the family governess or French master. No one dreamed of turning
+the enamelled pages of the garden for us. We grew up consequently with
+the city measure of the universe--your own house, somebody else's, the
+trees in the park, a strip of blue sky overhead, and a great deal of
+talk about Nature read from the best authors. Much that is most
+beautiful in the works of all the poets was perfectly unintelligible to
+us, because we had never seen the phenomena referred to; or if we had
+seen them, we had not been taught to observe them. You will ask where we
+passed our summers? In travelling, or at the seashore, perhaps. But we
+took our city measure with us, and were never quite at home beyond its
+limits."
+
+She adds: "I state these facts only to show how much of the world's
+beauty and value may be shut out from the eyes of a human being, by even
+a careful education! This loss cannot easily be remedied in later years.
+I myself had reached mature life before I experienced the deep and calm
+enjoyments of country life. The long, still summer days, the open,
+fragrant fields, the shy wild blossoms, the song of birds; these won me
+at last to delight in them--at first they seemed to me only a void. It
+was a new gospel that the meadows taught me, and my own little children
+were its interpreters. I know now some country craft, and could even
+trim fruit trees and weed garden beds. But I have always regretted in
+this respect the lost time of youth. When I made acquaintance with
+Nature, I was too old to learn the skill of gardening. Year after year
+in the savage island of Newport, where labor is hard to hire, I have
+passed summers ungladdened by so much as a hollyhock, and the garden I
+at last managed to secure owes nothing to my skill or knowledge."
+
+The truth is, people were afraid of the open air in those days. Julia
+and her sisters sometimes went for a drive in pleasant weather, dressed
+in blue pelisses and yellow satin bonnets to match the chariot; they
+rarely went out on foot; when they did, it was in cambric dresses and
+kid slippers; the result was apt to be a cold or a sore throat, proving
+conclusively to the minds of their elders how much better off they were
+within doors.
+
+Julia's nursery recollections were chiefly of No. 16 Bond Street. Here
+the little Wards lived a happy but somewhat sober life, under the
+watchful care of their father, and their faithful Aunt Eliza, known in
+the family as "Auntie Francis."
+
+The young mother, in dying, had commended her children specially to the
+care of this, her eldest sister, whose ability had been tried and proved
+from childhood. In 1810 her father, Benjamin Clarke Cutler, died
+suddenly under singular and painful circumstances. Her mother, crushed
+by this event, took to her bed, leaving the care of the family to Eliza,
+then fifteen years of age. Eliza took up the house-mother's burden
+without question; nursed her mother, husbanded the narrow resources of
+the household, brought up the four younger children with a strong hand.
+"There were giants in those days."
+
+Nothing could daunt Eliza Cutler's spirits, which were a perpetual
+cordial to those around her. She was often "borrowed" by one member and
+another of the family; she threatened to hang a sign over her door with
+the inscription, "Cheering done here by the job by E. Cutler." Her
+tongue could be sharp as well as merry; witness many anecdotes.
+
+The housekeeper of a certain millionnaire, calling upon her to ask the
+character of a servant, took occasion to enlarge upon the splendors of
+her employer's establishment. "Mr. So-and-So keeps this; Mr. So-and-So
+keeps that:--"
+
+"Yes! yes!" said Mrs. Francis; "it is well known that Mr. So-and-So
+keeps everything, except the Ten Commandments!"
+
+"Oh! Mrs. Francis, how _could_ you?" cried the poor millionnaire when
+next they met.
+
+In 1829 Eliza Cutler married Dr. John Wakefield Francis, the historian
+of Old New York, the beloved physician of a whole generation. He was
+already, as has been seen, a member of the Ward household, friend and
+resident physician. His tremendous vitality, his quick sympathies, his
+amazing flow of vivid and picturesque language, made him the delight of
+the children. He called them by singular pet names, "Cream Cheese from
+the Dairy of Heaven," "Pocket Edition of Lives of the Saints," etc.,
+etc. He sang to them odd snatches of song which were to delight and
+exasperate later generations:--
+
+  "To woodman's hut one evening there came
+    A physician and a dancing-master:
+  The wind did blow, io, io,
+    And the rain poured faster and faster."
+
+Edgar Allan Poe said of Dr. Francis that his conversation was "a sort of
+Roman punch, made up of tragedy, comedy, and the broadest of all
+possible farce."
+
+In those days "The Raven," newly published, was the talk of the town.
+Dr. Francis, meeting Poe, invited him to come to his house on a certain
+evening, and straightway forgot the matter. Poe came at the appointed
+time. The Doctor, summoned to the bedside of a patient, left the
+drawing-room hastily, and in the anteroom ran into a tall, cadaverous
+figure in black. Seizing him in his arms, he carried him into the
+drawing-room and set him down before his wife. "Eliza, my dear--the
+Raven!" and he departed, leaving guest and hostess (the latter had never
+heard of "The Raven"!) equally petrified.
+
+Mrs. Francis adored her husband, yet he must sometimes have tried her
+patience sorely. One evening they had a dinner party, eighteen covers, a
+state occasion. Midway in the repast the Doctor rose, and begging the
+guests to excuse him and his wife for a moment, led her, speechless with
+amazement, into the next room. Here he proceeded to bleed her, removing
+twelve ounces of blood; replying to her piteous protestations, "Madam, I
+saw that you were on the point of apoplexy, and I judge it best to avert
+it."
+
+In strong contrast with "Uncle Doctor" was "Uncle Ben," the Reverend
+Benjamin Clarke Cutler, for many years rector of St. Anne's Church,
+Brooklyn. This uncle was much less to Julia's taste: indeed, she was
+known to stamp her childish foot, and cry, "I don't care for old Ben
+Cutler!" Nevertheless he was a saintly and interesting person.
+
+He was twelve years old at the time of his father's tragic death, and
+was deeply influenced by it. His youth was made unhappy by spiritual
+anguish, duty to his widowed mother and the call to the ministry
+fighting within him. The latter conquered. In his twenty-first year he
+drew up, signed, and sealed "An Instrument of Solemn Surrender of
+Myself, Soul and Body, to God!" This document was in the form of a
+testament, in which he solemnly ("with death, judgment and eternity in
+view") gave, covenanted, and made over himself, soul and body, all his
+faculties, all his influence in this world, all the worldly goods with
+which he might be endowed, into the hands of his Creator, Preserver, and
+Constant Benefactor, to be his forever, and at his disposal. He goes on
+to say: "Witness, ye holy angels! I am God's servant; witness, thou,
+Prince of Hell! I am thy enemy, thy implacable enemy, from this time
+forth and forevermore."
+
+That this covenant was well kept, no one who reads his memoirs and the
+testimony of his contemporaries can doubt.
+
+There are many anecdotes of Uncle Ben. Once, during his early ministry,
+he was riding in a crowded stagecoach. One of the passengers swore
+profusely and continuously, to the manifest annoyance of the others.
+Presently Dr. Cutler, leaning forward, addressed the swearer.
+
+"Sir," he said, "you are fond of blasphemy; I am fond of prayer. This is
+a public conveyance, and for the remainder of our journey, as often as
+you swear aloud, I shall pray aloud, and we will see who comes off
+best." The swearing stopped!
+
+In his later years, he met one day a parishioner clad in deep mourning
+for a near relative. The old clergyman laid his hand on the crape
+sleeve. "What!" he said sternly. "Heathen mourning for a Christian
+saint!"
+
+But of all the uncles (and there were many) the beloved Uncle John Ward
+was always first. Of him, through many years Julia's devoted friend and
+chief adviser, we shall speak later on.
+
+We have dwelt upon the generation preceding our mother's, because all
+these people, the beautiful mother so early lost, so long loved and
+mourned, the sternly devoted father, the vivacious aunts, the stalwart
+uncles, were strong influences in the life of Julia Ward.
+
+The amusements of the little Wards were few, compared with those of
+children of to-day. As a child of seven, Julia was taken twice to the
+opera, and heard Malibran, then Signorina Garcia, a pleasure the memory
+of which remained with her through life. About this time Mr. Ward's
+views of religious duty deepened in stringency and in gloom. There was
+no more opera, nor did Julia ever attend a theatre until she was a grown
+woman. In Low Church circles at that time, the drama was considered
+distinctly of the devil. The burning of the first Bowery Theatre and of
+the great theatre at Richmond, Virginia, were spoken of as "judgments."
+Many an Evangelical pastor "improved" the occasions from the pulpit.
+
+The child inherited a strong dramatic sense from the Marion Cutlers. She
+had barely learned to read when she found in an "Annual" a tale called
+"The Iroquois Bride," which she dramatized and presented to the nursery
+audience, with herself for the bride, her brother Marion for the lover,
+and a stool for the rock they ascended to stab each other. The
+performance was not approved by Authority, and the book was promptly
+taken away.
+
+Her first written drama was composed at the age of nine, but even the
+name of it is lost.
+
+Mr. Ward did not encourage intimacies with other children. He felt
+strongly that brothers and sisters were the true, and should be the
+only, intimates for one another; indeed, the six children were enough to
+make a pleasant little circle of their own, and there were merry games
+in the wide nursery. Sam, the eldest born, was master of the revels in
+childhood, as throughout his life. It was his delight, in the early
+morning, to wrap himself in a sheet, and bursting into the room where
+the little sisters slept, leap from bed to bed, announcing himself as a
+ghost come to haunt them; or, when the three ladies, Mrs. Mills, Mrs.
+Brown, and Mrs. Francis (otherwise known as Julia, Louisa, and Annie)
+were playing with their dolls, to whisper in their ears that they must
+on no account venture near the attic stairs, as an old man in red was
+sitting there. Of course the little Fatimas must needs peep, and the old
+man was always there, a terrible figure, his face hidden. In "Bro'
+Sam's" absence it was Marion who played the outlaw and descended like a
+whirlwind upon the unhappy ladies, who were journeying through dense and
+dreadful forests.
+
+Mrs. Mills, Mrs. Brown, and Mrs. Francis were devoted mothers, and
+reared large families of dolls. They kept house in a wide bureau drawer,
+divided into three parts. Our Aunt Annie (Mrs. Adolphe Mailliard)
+writes: "Mrs. Mills' (Julia) dolls were always far more picturesquely
+dressed than ours, although I can say little for their neatness. Oh! to
+what numberless parties they went, and how tipsy they invariably got! I
+can see distinctly to-day the upset wagon (boxes, on spools for wheels),
+and the muddy dresses, for they always fell into mud puddles."
+
+Marion was as pious as he was warlike. His morning sermons, delivered
+over the back of a chair, were fervent and eloquent; he was only seven
+years old when he wrote to his Cousin Henry Ward, who was ill with some
+childish ailment:--
+
+"Do not forget to say your prayers every morning and evening. I hope
+that you trust in God; and, my dear cousin, do not set your mind too
+much on Earthly things! And my dear cousin, this is the prayer."
+
+Follows the Lord's Prayer carefully written out. On the next page of the
+same sheet, the eight-year-old Julia adds her exhortation:--
+
+"Dear Cousin, I hope that you will say the Prayer which my Brother has
+written for you. I hear with regret that you are sick, and it is as
+necessary as ever that you should trust in God; love him, dear Henry,
+and you will see Death approaching with joy. Oh, what are earthly
+things, which we must all lose when we die--to our immortal souls which
+never die! I cannot bear the thought of anybody who is dying without a
+knowledge of Christ. We may die before to-morrow, and therefore we ought
+to be prepared for death."
+
+This was scarcely cheering for Henry, aged ten; as a matter of fact, he
+was to have half a century in which to make his preparations.
+
+Some of the nursery recollections were the reverse of merry. When Julia
+was still a little child, the old housekeeper died. The children loved
+her, and Auntie Francis did not wish them to be saddened by the funeral
+preparations; she gave them a good dose of physic all round and put them
+to bed for the day.
+
+Julia was a beautiful child, but she had red hair, which was then
+considered a sad drawback. She could remember visitors condoling with
+her mother on this misfortune, and the gentle lady deploring it also,
+and striving by the use of washes and leaden combs to darken the
+over-bright locks. Still, some impression of good looks must have
+reached the child's mind; for one day, desiring to know what she really
+was like, she scrambled up on a chair, then on a dressing-table, and
+took a good look in the mirror.
+
+"_Is that all?_" she cried, and scrambled down again, a sadly
+disappointed child.
+
+Her first lessons were from governesses and masters; when she was nine
+years old, she was sent to a private school in the neighborhood. She was
+placed in a class with older girls, and learned by heart many pages of
+Paley's "Moral Philosophy"; memorizing from textbooks formed in those
+days a great part of the school curriculum. She did not care especially
+for Paley, and found chemistry (without experiments!) and geometry far
+more interesting; but history and languages were the studies she loved.
+She had learned in the nursery to speak French fluently; she soon began
+the study of Latin. Hearing a class reciting an Italian lesson, she was
+enchanted with the musical sound of the language; listened and marked,
+day after day, and presently handed to the amazed principal a note
+correctly written in Italian, begging permission to join the class.
+
+At nine years old she was reading "Pilgrim's Progress," and seeking its
+characters in the people she met every day. She always counted it one of
+the books which had most influenced her. Another was Gibbon's "Decline
+and Fall of the Roman Empire," which she read at seventeen.[9]
+
+  [9] In later life she added to these the works of Spinoza, and of
+  Theodore Parker.
+
+She began at an early age to write verse. A manuscript volume has been
+preserved in which some of these early poems were copied for her father.
+
+The title-page and dedication are here reproduced:--
+
+               Poems
+            Dedicated to
+          Samuel Ward esq
+              By His
+       affectionate daughter
+            Julia Ward.
+       _LET ME BE THINE!_
+    Regard not with a critic's eye.
+  New York                     1831.
+
+
+                                 To Samuel Ward.
+
+Beloved father,
+
+Expect not to find in these juvenile productions the delicacy and grace
+which pervaded the writings of that dear parent who is now in glory. I
+am indeed conscious of the many faults they contain, but my object in
+presenting you with these (original) poems, has been to give you a
+little memorial of my early life, and I entreat you to remember that
+they were written in the eleventh, twelfth, and thirteenth years of my
+life.
+
+                                         Your loving daughter
+                                                           JULIA.
+
+
+The titles show the trend of the child's thought: "All things shall pass
+away"; "We return no more"; "Invitation to Youth" (1831!); "To my dear
+Mother"; "Mine is the power to make thee whole"; "To an infant's
+departing spirit"; "Redeeming Love"; "My Heavenly Home," etc., etc.
+
+At Newport, in 1831, she wrote the following:--
+
+MORNING HYMN
+
+  Now I see the morning light,
+  Shining bright and gay.
+  God has kept me through the night;
+  He will, if He thinks it right,
+  Preserve me through this day.
+
+  Let thy holy Spirit send
+  Of heavenly light a ray;
+  Thy face, oh! Lord, I fain would seek,
+  But I am feeble, vain and weak;
+  Oh, guide me in thy way!
+
+  Let thy assistance, Lord, be given,
+  That when life's path I've trod,
+  And when the last frail tie is riven,
+  My spirit may ascend to heaven,
+  To dwell with thee, My God.
+
+We cannot resist quoting a stanza from the effusion entitled "Father's
+Birthday":--
+
+  Louisa brings a cushion rare,
+  Anne Eliza a toothpick bright and fair;
+  And O! accept the gift I bring,
+  It is a _daughter's_ offering.
+
+Julia's mind was not destined to remain in the evangelical mould which
+must have so rejoiced the heart of her father. In 1834, at the ripe age
+of fifteen, she describes her
+
+                             "Vain Regrets
+
+written on looking over a diary kept while I was under serious
+impressions":--
+
+  Oh! happy days, gone, never to return
+  At which fond memory will ever burn,
+  Oh, Joyous hours, with peace and gladness blest,
+  When hope and joy dwelt in this careworn breast.
+
+The next poem, "The Land of Peace," breaks off abruptly at the third
+line, and when she again began to write religious verse, it was from a
+widely different standpoint.
+
+It may have been about this time that she tried to lead her sisters into
+the path of poesy.
+
+Coming one day into the nursery, in serious mood, she found the two
+little girls playing some childish game. Miss Ward (she was always Miss
+Ward, even in the nursery!) rebuked them for their frivolity; bade them
+turn their thoughts to graver matters, and write poetry.
+
+Louisa refused point-blank, but little Annie, always anxious to please,
+went dutifully to work, and produced the following lines:--
+
+  He feeds the ravens when they call,
+  And stands them in a pleasant hall.
+
+"Mitter Ward" (to give him his nursery title) treasured these tokens of
+pious and literary promise. He even responded in kind, as is shown by
+some verses which are endorsed:--
+
+           "From my dearest Father.
+                JULIA EUPHROSYNE WARD [_sic_]."
+
+His letters are full of playful affection. He would fain be father and
+mother both to the children who were now his all. Under the austere
+exterior lay a tenderness which perhaps they hardly comprehended at the
+time. It was in fact this very anguish of solicitude, this passionate
+wish that they should not only have, but be everything desirable and
+lovely, that made him outwardly so stern. This sterner note impressed
+itself so deeply upon the minds of his children that the anecdotes
+familiar to our own generation echo it. We see the little Julia, weary
+with long riding in the family coach, suffering her knees to drop apart
+childwise, and we hear Mr. Ward say: "My daughter, if you cannot sit
+like a lady, we will stop at the next tailor's and have you measured for
+a pair of pantaloons!"
+
+Or we hear the child at table, remarking innocently that the cheese is
+strong; and the deep voice replying, "It is no more so than the
+expression, Miss!"
+
+The family was still at 16 Bond Street, when all the children had
+whooping-cough severely, and were confined to the house for many weeks.
+Mrs. Mailliard writes of this time:--
+
+"I remember the screened-off corner of the dining-room, which was called
+the Bower, where we each retired when the spasms came on, and the
+promises which we vainly gave each other each morning to choke rather
+than cough whilst Uncle Doctor made his visit to the nursery; for the
+slightest sound from one of us provoked the general order of a dose all
+round."
+
+It was after this illness that Julia Ward first went to Newport. A
+change of air was prescribed for the children, and they were packed off
+to the farmhouse of Jacob Bailey, two or three miles from the town of
+Newport. Here they spent a happy summer, to be followed by many others.
+They slept on mattresses stuffed with ground corncobs; the table was
+primitive; but there was plenty of cream and curds, eggs and butter, and
+there was the wonderful air. The children grew fat and hearty, and
+scampered all over the island with great delight.
+
+(But when they went down to the beach, Julia must wear a thick green
+worsted veil to preserve her ivory-and-rose complexion.
+
+"Little Julia has another freckle to-day!" a visitor was told. "It was
+not her fault, the nurse forgot her veil!")
+
+Julia recalled Newport in 1832 as "a forsaken, mildewed place, a sort of
+intensified Salem, with houses of rich design, no longer richly
+inhabited." She was to watch through many years the growth of what was
+always one of the cities of her heart.
+
+But we must return to Bond Street, and take one more look at No. 16. The
+Wards were soon to leave it for a statelier dwelling, but many
+associations would always cling about the old house. Here it was that
+the good old grandfather, Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Ward, used to come
+from No. 7 to talk business with his son or to play with the children.
+Our mother had a vivid recollection of once, when still a little child,
+sitting down at the piano, placing an open music-book on the rack
+(though she could not yet read music), and beginning to pound and thump
+the keys with might and main. The Colonel was sitting by, book in hand,
+and endured the noise patiently for some time. Finally he said in his
+courtly way, "Is it so set down in the book, little lady?" "Yes,
+Grandpapa!" said naughty Julia, and went on banging; the Colonel, who
+indeed had little music, made no further comment. But when a game of
+"Tommy-come-tickle-me" was toward, the children must step in to No. 7 to
+share that excitement with their grandfather, since no cards were
+permitted under Mr. Ward's roof.
+
+The year of the first Newport visit, 1832, was also the terrible
+"cholera year." Uncle Ben Cutler, at that time city missionary, writes
+in his diary:--
+
+"The cholera is in Quebec and Montreal. This city is beginning to be
+alarmed; Christians are waking up. My soul, how stands the case with
+thee?"
+
+And later:--
+
+"I am now in the midst of the pestilence. The cholera, the universal
+plague, arrived in this city four weeks ago. It has caused the death of
+over nine hundred persons. This day the report of the Board of Health
+was three hundred new cases and one hundred and thirty deaths."
+
+Many parts of the city were entirely deserted. Dr. Cutler retained
+through life the vivid recollection of riding down Broadway in full
+daylight, meeting no living soul, seeing only a face here and there at
+an upper window, peering at him as at a strange sight.
+
+Newport took the alarm, and forbade steamboats from New York to land
+their passengers. This behavior was considered very cold-blooded, and
+gave rise to the conundrum: "Why is it impossible for Newporters to take
+the cholera? Answer: Because they have no bowels."
+
+Grandma Cutler was at Newport with the Wards and Francises, and trembled
+for her only son. She implored him to "flee while it was yet day." "My
+most precious son," she cried, "oh, come out from thence! I entreat you;
+linger not within its walls, as Lot would have done, but for the
+friendly angels that drew him perforce from it!"
+
+The missionary stood firm at his post, and though exhausted by his
+labors, came safe through the ordeal. But Colonel Ward, who had not
+thought fit to flee the enemy,--it was not his habit to flee
+enemies,--was stricken with the pestilence, and died in New York City,
+August 16. His death was a grievous blow to Mr. Ward. Not only had he
+lost a loving and beloved father, but he had no assurance of the
+orthodoxy of that father's religious opinions. The Colonel was thought
+in the family to be of a philosophizing, if not actually sceptical, turn
+of mind; it might be that he was not "safe"! Years after, Mr. Ward told
+Julia of the anguish he suffered from this uncertainty.
+
+It is with No. 16 Bond Street that we chiefly associate the sprightly
+figure of "Grandma Cutler," who was a frequent visitor there. The
+affection between Mr. Ward and his mother-in-law was warm and lively.
+They had a "little language" of their own, and she was Lady Feltham
+(from her fondness for Feltham's "Resolves," a book little in demand in
+the twentieth century); and he was her "saucy Lark," or "Plato." Mrs.
+Cutler died in 1836.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III
+
+"THE CORNER"
+
+1835-1839; _aet._ 16-20
+
+  But well I thank my father's sober house
+  Where shallow judgment had no leave to be,
+  And hurrying years, that, stripping much beside,
+  Turned as they fled, and left me charity.
+
+                                       J. W. H.
+
+
+The house which Mr. Ward built on the corner of Bond Street and Broadway
+was still standing in the middle of the nineteenth century; a dignified
+mansion of brick, with columns and trimmings of white marble.
+
+In her "Reminiscences," our mother recalls the spacious rooms, hung with
+red, blue, and yellow silk. The yellow drawing-room was reserved for
+high occasions, and for "Miss Ward's" desk and grand piano. This and the
+blue room were adorned by fine sculptured mantelpieces, the work of a
+young sculptor named Thomas Crawford, who was just coming into notice.
+
+Behind the main house, stretching along Broadway, was the picture
+gallery, the first private one in New York, and Mr. Ward's special
+pride. The children might not mingle in frivolous gayety abroad, but
+they should have all that love, taste, and money could give them at
+home; he filled his gallery with the best pictures he could find. A
+friend (Mr. Prescott Hall), making a timely journey through Spain,
+bought for him many valuable pictures, among them a Snyders, a Nicolas
+Poussin, a reputed Velasquez and Rembrandt. It was for him that Thomas
+Cole painted the four pictures representing "The Voyage of Life,"
+engravings from which may still be found in old-fashioned parlors.
+
+Some years later, when the eldest son, Samuel, returned from Europe,
+bringing with him a fine collection of books, Mr. Ward built a library
+specially for them.
+
+This was the house into which the family moved in 1835, Julia being then
+sixteen years of age; this was the house she loved, the memory of which
+was dear to her through all the years of her life.
+
+The family was at that time patriarchal in its dimensions: Mr. Ward and
+his six children, Dr. and Mrs. Francis and their four; often, too,
+"Grandma Cutler" and other Cutlers, not to speak of Wards, Greenes, and
+McAllisters. (Louisa, youngest of the Cutler sisters, one of the most
+beautiful and enchanting women of her time, was married to Matthew Hall
+McAllister.) One and all were sure of a welcome at "The Corner"; one and
+all were received with cordial urbanity, first by Johnson, the colored
+butler, later by Mr. Ward, the soul of dignified hospitality.
+
+Another inmate of the house during several years was Christy
+Evangelides, a Greek boy, orphaned in a Turkish massacre. Mr. Ward took
+the boy into his family, gave him his education and a start in life.
+Fifty years later Mr. Evangelides recalled those days in a letter to his
+"sister Julia," and paid beautiful tribute to his benefactor.
+
+To all these should be added a host of servants and retainers; and
+masters of various kinds, coming to teach music, languages, even
+dancing, for the children were taught to dance even if they never (or
+very seldom) were allowed to go to dances. Many of these teachers were
+foreign patriots: those were the days when one French _emigre_ of rank
+dressed the hair of fashionable New York, while another made its salads,
+the two going their rounds before every festivity.
+
+Julia's musical education began early. Her first teacher was a French
+artist, so irritable that the terrified child could remember little that
+he taught her. He was succeeded in her tenth year by Mr. Boocock, a
+pupil of Cramer, to whom she always felt that she owed a great deal. Not
+only did he train her fingers so carefully that after eighty years they
+still retained their flexibility, but he also trained and developed her
+inborn taste for all that was best in music.
+
+As she grew toward girlhood, the good master found that her voice
+promised to be a remarkable one, and recommended to her father Signor
+Cardini, formerly an intimate of the Garcia family, and thoroughly
+versed in the famous Garcia method. Under his care Julia's voice
+developed into a pure, clear mezzo-soprano, of uncommon range and
+exquisite quality. She felt all through her life the benefit of those
+early lessons.
+
+When she was eighty years old she attended a meeting of the National
+Peace Society at Park Street Church, Boston. The church was packed with
+people. When her turn came to speak, the kindly chairman said:--
+
+"Ladies and Gentlemen, we are now to have the great pleasure of
+listening to Mrs. Howe. I am going to ask you all to be very quiet, for
+though Mrs. Howe's voice is as sweet as ever, it is perhaps not quite so
+strong."
+
+"_But it carries!_" said the pupil of old Cardini. The silver tone,
+though not loud, reached the farthest corner of the great building; the
+house "came down" in a thunder of applause. It was a beautiful moment
+for the proud daughter who sat beside her.
+
+Music was one of the passions of her life. Indeed, she felt that it had
+sometimes influenced her even too much, and in recording the delight she
+took in the trios and quartets which Mr. Boocock arranged for her, she
+adds: "The reaction from this pleasure, however, was very painful, and
+induced at times a visitation of morbid melancholy, which threatened to
+upset my health."
+
+She felt that "in the training of young persons, some regard should be
+had to the sensitiveness of youthful nerves, and to the overpowering
+response which they often make to the appeals of music....
+
+"The power and sweep of great orchestral performances, or even the
+suggestive charm of some beautiful voice, will sometimes so disturb the
+mental equilibrium of the hearer as to induce in him a listless
+melancholy, or, worse still, an unreasoning and unreasonable
+discontent."[10]
+
+  [10] _Reminiscences_, p. 43.
+
+In a later chapter of her "Reminiscences," she says: "I left school at
+the age of sixteen, and began thereafter to study in good earnest.
+Until that time a certain over-romantic and imaginative turn of mind had
+interfered much with the progress of my studies. I indulged in
+day-dreams which appeared to me far higher in tone than the humdrum of
+my school recitations. When these were at an end, I began to feel the
+necessity of more strenuous application, and at once arranged for myself
+hours of study, relieved by the practice of vocal and instrumental
+music."
+
+These hours of study were not all passed at home. In 1836 she was taking
+certain courses at the boarding and day school of Mrs. E. Smith, then in
+Fifth Avenue, "first house from Washington Square."
+
+The Italian master was a son of the venerable Lorenzo da Ponte, who in
+his youth had written for Mozart the librettos of "Don Giovanni" and "Le
+Nozze di Figaro."
+
+Four languages, English, French, German, and Italian, Julia learned
+thoroughly; she spoke and wrote them throughout her life correctly as
+well as fluently, with singularly pure accent and inflection, and seldom
+or never was at a loss for a word; nor was she less proficient in
+history. For mathematics she had no gift, and was wont to say that her
+knowledge of the science was limited to the fact that four quarts made a
+gallon: yet the higher mathematics had a mysterious attraction for her,
+as an unexplored region of wonder and romance.
+
+She was always a student. When she began the study of German, she set
+herself a task each day; lest anything should interfere to distract her
+mind, she had herself securely tied to her armchair, giving orders that
+she was on no account to be set free before the appointed hour.
+
+This was characteristic of her through life. The chain of habit once
+formed was never broken, and study was meat and drink to her. Her
+"precious time" (which we children saucily abbreviated to "P.T.") was as
+real a thing to us as sunrise: we were not to break in upon it for
+anything short of a fire--or a cut finger!
+
+Many years later, she laid down for the benefit of the younger
+generation these rules:--
+
+"If you have at your command three hours _per diem_, you may study art,
+literature, and philosophy, not as they are studied professionally, but
+in the degree involved in general culture.
+
+"If you have but one hour every day, read philosophy, or learn foreign
+languages, living or dead.
+
+"If you can command only fifteen or twenty minutes, read the Bible with
+the best commentaries, and daily a verse or two of the best poetry."
+
+In the days when Julia was going round the corner to Mrs. Smith's
+school, Sam was newly returned from a long course of study and travel
+abroad, while Henry and Marion were at Round Hill School under the care
+of Dr. Joseph Greene Cogswell and Mr. George Bancroft. The former was a
+beloved friend of the Ward family, and often visited them. We have
+pleasant glimpses of the household at this time, when the lines of
+paternal guidance, though still firmly, were somewhat less rigidly
+drawn.
+
+Breakfast at "The Corner" was at eight in winter, and at half past seven
+in summer, Mr. Ward reading prayers before the meal, and again at
+bedtime. He would often wake his daughters in the morning by pelting
+them with stockings, crying, "Come, my rosebuds!"
+
+The young people were apt to linger over the breakfast table in talk. If
+this were unduly prolonged, Mr. Ward would appear, "hatted and booted
+for the day," and say, "Young gentlemen, I am glad that you can afford
+to take life so easily. I am old, and must work for my living!"
+
+Dinner was at four o'clock, supper at half past seven.
+
+At table, Julia sat beside her father; he would often take her right
+hand in his left, half unconsciously, and hold it for some time,
+continuing the while to eat his dinner. Julia, her right hand
+imprisoned, would sit dinnerless, but never dreamed of remonstrating.
+
+She had a habit of dropping her slippers off while at the table. Mr.
+Ward one day quietly secured an empty slipper with his foot, and then
+said: "My daughter, I have left my seals in my room. Will you be so good
+as to fetch them for me?" A moment's agonized search, and Julia went,
+"one shoe off and one shoe on," and brought the seals. Nothing was said
+on either side, but the habit was abandoned.
+
+Mr. Ward's anxious care for his children's welfare extended to every
+branch of their conduct. One evening, walking with Julia, he met his
+sons, Henry and Marion, each with a cigar in his mouth. He was much
+troubled, and said: "Boys, you must give this up, and I will give it up
+too. From this time I forbid you to smoke, and I will join you in
+relinquishing the habit."
+
+He never smoked again; nor did the boys--in his presence!
+
+Three lads, young, handsome, brilliant, and eminently social as were the
+Wards, could not be kept out of society. They were popular, and would
+fain have had Julia, the only one of the three girls who was old enough,
+share in their pleasures; but this might not be. Mr. Ward had money and
+sympathy to spare for every benevolent enterprise, but he disliked and
+distrusted "society"; he would neither entertain it nor be entertained
+by it. Our mother quotes an argument between him and his eldest son on
+this point:--
+
+"'Sir,' said my brother, 'you do not keep in view the importance of the
+social tie.'
+
+"'The social what?' asked my father.
+
+"'The social tie, sir.'
+
+"'I make small account of that,' said the elder gentleman.
+
+"'I will die in defence of it!' impetuously rejoined the younger.
+
+"My father was so amused at this sally that he spoke of it to an
+intimate friend: 'He will die in defence of the social tie, indeed!'"
+
+Julia's girlhood evenings were mostly spent at home, with books,
+needlework, and music, varied by an occasional lecture or concert, or a
+visit to some one of the uncles' houses in the street, which ought, one
+would think, to have been called "Ward Street," since at this time
+almost the whole family connection lived there.
+
+Much as Julia loved her home, her books and music, she longed for some
+of the gayety which her brothers were enjoying. "I seemed to myself,"
+she says, "like a young damsel of olden times, shut up within an
+enchanted castle. And I must say, that my dear father, with all his
+noble generosity and overweening affection, sometimes appeared to me as
+my jailer."
+
+Once she expostulated with him, begging to be allowed more freedom in
+going out, and in receiving visits from the friends of her brothers. It
+may have been on the occasion when he refused to allow the late Louis
+Rutherford, of venerated memory, to be invited to the house, "because he
+belonged to the fashionable world."
+
+Her father told her that he had early recognized in her a temperament
+and imagination over-sensitive to impressions from without, and that his
+wish had been to guard her from exciting influences until she should
+appear to him fully able to guard and guide herself.
+
+Alas! the tender father meant to cherish a vestal flame in a vase of
+alabaster; in reality, he was trying to imprison the lightning in the
+cloud. When our mother wrote the words above quoted, on the power of
+music over sensitive natures, she was recalling these days, and perhaps
+remembering how, denied the society of her natural mates, her
+sixteen-year-old heart went out in sympathy and compassion to the young
+harper who came to take part in the trios and quartets, and who fell
+desperately in love with her and was summarily dismissed in consequence.
+
+Yet who shall say that the father's austere regime did not after all
+meet a need of her nature deeper than she could possibly have realized
+at the time; that the long, lonely hours, the study often to
+weariness,--though never to satiety,--the very fires of longing and of
+regret, were not necessary to give her mind that temper which was to
+make it an instrument as strong as it was keen?
+
+The result of this system was not precisely what Mr. Ward had expected.
+One evening (it was probably after the marriage of his eldest son to
+Emily Astor, when he joined perforce in the festivities of the time) he
+did actually take Julia to an evening party. She did not dance, but she
+was surrounded by eager youths all the evening, and when her father
+summoned her to go home, she was deep in talk with one of them. There
+was no disobeying the summons; as she turned to take her father's arm,
+Miss Julia made a little gesture of farewell, fluttering the fingers of
+her right hand over her shoulder, to cheer the disconsolate swain. Mr.
+Ward appeared unconscious of this, but a day or two later, on leaving
+the room where Julia was sitting, he said: "My daughter,--" and
+fluttered his fingers over his shoulder in precise mimicry of her
+gesture.
+
+Another anecdote describes an occasion singularly characteristic of both
+father and daughter.
+
+Julia was nineteen years old, a woman grown, feeling her womanhood in
+every vein. She had never been allowed to choose the persons who should
+be invited to the house: she had never had a _party of her own_. The
+different strains in her blood were singularly diverse. All through her
+life Saxon and Gaul kept house together as peaceably as they might, but
+sometimes the French blood boiled over.
+
+Calling her brothers in council, she told them that she was going to
+give a party; that she desired their help in making out lists, etc., but
+that the occasion and the responsibility were to be all her own. The
+brothers demurred, even Sam being somewhat appalled by the prospect; but
+finding her firm, they made out a list of desirable guests, of all ages.
+It was characteristic of her that the plan once made, the resolve taken,
+it became an obsession, a thing that must be done at whatever cost.
+
+She asked her father if she might invite a few friends for a certain
+evening: he assented. She engaged the best caterer in New York; the most
+fashionable musicians; she even hired a splendid cut-glass chandelier to
+supplement the sober lighting of the yellow drawing-room.
+
+The evening came: Mr. Ward, coming downstairs, found assembled as
+brilliant a gathering as could have been found in any other of the great
+houses of New York. He betrayed no surprise, but welcomed his guests
+with charming courtesy, as if they had come at his special desire; the
+music sounded, the young people danced, the evening passed off
+delightfully, to all save the young hostess. She, from the moment when
+the thing was inevitable, became as possessed with terror as she had
+been with desire. She could think of nothing but her father's
+displeasure, of the words he might speak, the glances he might cast upon
+her. During the whole evening, the cup of trembling was at her lips.
+
+The moment the last guest had departed, the three brothers gathered
+round her. "We will speak to him!" they cried. "Let us speak to him for
+you!"
+
+"No!" said Julia, "I must go myself."
+
+She went at once to the room where her father sat alone. For a moment
+she could find no words; but none were needed. Gravely but kindly Mr.
+Ward said he was surprised to find that her idea of "a few friends"
+differed so widely from his own; he was sorry she had not consulted him
+more freely, and begged that in the future she would do so. Then he
+kissed her good-night with his usual tenderness, and it was over. The
+matter was never mentioned again.
+
+The Wards continued to pass the summers at Newport, but no longer at
+good Jacob Bailey's farmhouse. Mr. Ward had bought a house in town,
+which a later generation was to know as "The Ashurst Cottage," on the
+corner of Bellevue Avenue and Catherine Street.
+
+Here the severity of his rule relaxed somewhat, and the pretty house
+became the centre of a sober hospitality. Indeed, Newport was a sober
+place in those days. There were one or two houses where dancing was
+allowed, but these were viewed askance by many people.
+
+One evening, a dancing party was given by a couple on Bellevue Avenue.
+They had a manservant named Salathiel, a person of rigid piety. When
+supper-time came, Salathiel was not to be found. The other servants,
+being questioned, said that he had rushed suddenly out of the house,
+crying, "I won't stay to see those people dancing themselves to hell!"
+
+Though Julia might not dance, except at home, she might and did ride;
+first, with great contentment, on a Narragansett pacer, "Jeanie Deans,"
+later on a thoroughbred mare, a golden bay named Cora. Cora was
+beautiful but "very pranky." After being several times run away with and
+once thrown off, it was observed by her sisters that Julia generally
+read her Bible and said her prayers before her ride: she has herself
+told us how, after being thrown off and obliged to make her way home on
+foot, she would creep in at the back door so that no one might see her.
+
+She calls the "cottage" a "delightful house," and speaks with special
+pleasure of its garden planted with roses and gooseberry bushes by Billy
+Bottomore, a quaint old Newport sportsman, who took the boys shooting,
+and showed them where to find plover, woodcock, and snipe. Billy
+Bottomore passed for an adopted son of old Father Corne, another Newport
+"character" of those days. This gentleman had come from Naples to
+Boston, toward the end of the eighteenth century, as a decorative
+artist, and had made a modest fortune by painting the walls of the fine
+houses of Summer Street, Temple Place, and Beacon Hill. He chose Newport
+as his final home, because, as he told Mr. Ward, he had found that the
+climate was favorable to the growth of the tomato, "that most wholesome
+of vegetables." The Ward boys delighted in visiting Father Corne, and in
+hearing him sing his old songs, French and Italian, some of which are
+sung to-day by our grandchildren.
+
+Father Corne lived to a great age. When past his ninetieth year, a
+friend asked him if he would not like to revisit Naples. "Ah, sir,"
+replied the old man, "my father is dead!"
+
+Our mother loved to linger over these old-time figures. The name of
+Billy Bottomore always brought a twinkle to her eye, and we never tired
+of hearing how he told her, "There is a single sister in Newport, a
+sempstress, to whom I have offered matrimony, but she says, 'No.'" The
+single sister finally yielded (perhaps when Billy inherited old Corne's
+money) and he became a proud and happy husband. "She keeps my house as
+neat as a nunnery!" he said. "When Miss E., the housekeeper, died, she
+nursed her and laid her out, and when Father Corne died, she nursed him
+and laid him out--"
+
+"Yes, Billy," broke in our Aunt Annie, "and she'll lay you out
+too!"--which in due time she did.
+
+He congratulated Julia on having girl-children only.
+
+"Give me daughters!" he cried. "As my good old Spanish grandfather used
+to say, give me daughters!"
+
+"Of this Spanish ancestor," our mother says, "no one ever heard before.
+His descendant died, without daughter or son, of cholera in 185-."
+
+We forget the name of another quaint personage, a retired sea-captain,
+who once gave a party to which she was allowed to go; but she remembered
+the party, and the unction with which the kindly host, rubbing his hands
+over the supper table, exclaimed: "Now, ladies and gentlemen, help
+yourselves _sang froidy_!"
+
+The roses and gooseberry bushes of the Newport garden once witnessed a
+serio-comic scene. There was another sea-captain, Glover by name, who
+had business connections with Prime, Ward & King, and who came to the
+house sometimes on business, sometimes for a friendly call. He was a
+worthy man of middle age and unromantic appearance; probably the
+eighteen-year-old Julia, dreamy and poetic, took no more notice of him
+than civility required; but he took notice of her, and one day asked her
+to walk out in the garden with him. Wondering much, she went. After some
+desultory remarks, the Captain drew a visiting-card from his pocket,
+wrote a few words upon it, and handed it to his young hostess. She
+read:--
+
+                    "_Russell E. Glover's_
+                    heart is yours!"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV
+
+GIRLHOOD
+
+1839-1843; _aet._ 20-23
+
+  The torch that lit these silent halls,
+  Has now extinguished been;
+  The windows of the soul are dark,
+  And all is gloom within.
+
+  But lo! it shines, a star in heav'n,
+  And through death's murky night,
+  The ruins of the stately pile
+  Gleam softly in its light.
+
+  And it shall be a beacon star
+  To cheer us, and to guide;
+  For we would live as thou hast lived,
+  And die as thou hast died.
+
+              _Julia Ward_, on her father's death, 1839.
+
+
+In Julia's childhood her brother Sam was her ideal and her idol. She
+describes him as a "handsome youth, quick of wit and tender of heart,
+brilliant in promise, and with a great and versatile power of work in
+him." He had early shown special proficiency in mathematics, and to the
+end of his life rejoiced in being one of the few persons who clearly
+understood the function called "_Gamma_." His masters expected great
+things from him; but his brilliant and effervescent spirit was forced
+into the Wall Street mould, with kindly intent but disastrous effect.
+His life was checkered, sun and shadow; but from first to last, he
+remained the delight of all who knew him. Sam Ward; Uncle Sam to three
+generations, his was a name to conjure with: the soul of generosity, the
+essence of wit, the spirit of kindliness. No one ever looked in his
+face, ever met the kindling glance of his dark eyes, ever saw the
+sunshine break in his smile, without forgetting all else in love and
+admiration of one of the most enchanting personalities that ever
+brightened the world.
+
+Sam Ward returned from Europe in 1835, and took up his residence under
+his father's roof. In 1838 he married Emily, daughter of William B.
+Astor. The wedding was a grand one. Julia was first bridesmaid, and wore
+a dress of white _moire_, then a material of the newest fashion. Those
+were the days of the _ferroniere_, an ornament then so popular that
+"evening dress was scarcely considered complete without it."[11] Julia
+begged for one, and her father gave her a charming string of pearls,
+which she wore with great contentment at the wedding.
+
+  [11] _Reminiscences_, p. 65.
+
+The young couple took up their residence with the family at "The
+Corner," the Francises having by this time moved to a house of their
+own.
+
+With all these changes, little by little, the discipline relaxed, the
+doors opened wider. The bridal pair, _feted_ everywhere, must, in their
+turn, entertain their friends; and in these entertainments the daughters
+of the house must have their share.
+
+Julia Ward was now nineteen, in the fulness of her early bloom. Her
+red-gold hair was no longer regarded as a misfortune; her gray eyes were
+large and well opened; her complexion of dazzling purity. Her finely
+chiselled features, and the beauty of her hands and arms, made an
+_ensemble_ which could not fail to impress all who saw her. Add to this
+her singing, her wit, and the charm which was all and always her own,
+and we have the _Diva Julia_, as she was called by some who loved her.
+Her sisters, also, were growing up, each exquisitely attractive in her
+way: they became known as the "Three Graces of Bond Street." Louisa was
+like a damask rose, Annie like a dark lily; dark, too, of eyes and hair
+were Sam and Marion, while Henry was fair and blue-eyed.
+
+At this distance of time, it may not be unpardonable to touch briefly on
+another aspect of our mother's youth; indeed, it would hardly be candid
+to avoid it. From the first she seems to have stirred the hearts of men.
+Her masters, old and young, fell in love with her almost as a matter of
+course. Gilded youth and sober middle-age fared no better; her girlhood
+passed to the sound of sighing.
+
+"My dear," said an intimate friend of the three, speaking of these days,
+"Louisa had her admirers, and Annie had hers; but when the men saw your
+mother, they just _flopped_!"
+
+Among her papers we have found many relics of these days, from the faded
+epistle addressed, "_a Julie, _la respectee_, _la choisie_, _l'aimee_,
+_la cherie_," to the stern letter in which Mr. Ward "desires not to
+conceal from the Rev. Mr. ---- the deliberate and dispassionate opinion,
+that a gentleman whose sacred office commanded ready access to his roof,
+might well have earlier ascertained the views of a widow'd Father on a
+subject so involving the happiness of his child."
+
+The unhappy suitor's note to Miss Julia is enclosed, and Mr. Ward
+trusts that "the return will be considered by the Rev. Mr. ---- as
+finally terminating the matter therein referred to."
+
+Julia had for her suitors a tender and compassionate sympathy. She could
+not love them, she would not marry them, but she was very sorry for
+them, and--it must be admitted--she liked to be adored. So she sang
+duets with one, read German with another, Anglo-Saxon with a third; for
+all, perhaps, she may have had something the feeling of her "_Coquette
+et Tendre_" in "Passion Flowers."
+
+  Ere I knew life's sober meaning,
+    Nature taught me simple wiles,
+  Gave this color, rising, waning,
+    Gave these shadows, deepening smiles.
+
+  More she taught me, sighing, singing,
+    Taught me free to think and move,
+  Taught this fond instinctive clinging
+    To the helpful arm of love.
+
+The suitors called her "_Diva_," but in the family circle she was
+"Jules," or "Jolie Julie." The family letters of this period are full of
+affectionate cheerfulness.
+
+When "Jolie Julie" is away on a visit, the others send her a composite
+letter. Louisa threatens to shut her up on her return with nothing to
+read but her Anglo-Saxon grammar and "Beowulf." ("If that does not give
+you a distaste for all wolves," she says, "not excepting those _Long
+fellows_,[12] I do not know what will!")
+
+  [12] Longfellow had lent her "Beowulf."
+
+Annie tells of opening the window in Julia's room and of all the
+poetical ideas flying out and away.
+
+Emily, her brother's wife, describes Mr. Ward sighing, "Where is my
+beauty?" as he sits at the table; and the letter closes with a lively
+picture of the books in the library "heaving their dusty sides in sorrow
+for her absence."
+
+In describing life at "The Corner," we must not forget the evenings at
+No. 23, Colonel Henry Ward's house. Uncle Henry and his namesake son
+(the boy who was to "see death approaching with joy"!) were musical.
+When Mr. Ward permitted (in his later and more lenient days) an informal
+dance at "The Corner," the three girls sent for Uncle Henry as naturally
+as they sent for the hair-dressing and salad-making _emigres_; and the
+stately, handsome gentleman came, and played waltzes and polkas with
+cheerful patience all the evening.
+
+On Sunday the whole family from "The Corner" took tea with Uncle Henry,
+and music was the order of the evening. Mr. Ward delighted in these
+occasions, and was never ready to go home. When Uncle Henry thought it
+was bedtime, he would go to the piano and play the "Rogue's March."
+
+  (Twice flogged for stealing a sheep,
+  Thrice flogged for de_sar_tion!
+  If ever I go for a soldier again,
+  The devil may be my portion!
+
+We hear the fife shrill through the lively air!)
+
+"No! no, Colonel!" Mr. Ward would cry. "We won't march yet; give us half
+an hour more!" And in affectionate mischief he would stay the half-hour
+through before marshalling his flock back to "The Corner."
+
+A stern period was put to all this innocent gayety by the death of Mr.
+Ward, at the age of fifty-three. His life, always laborious, had been
+doubly so since the death of his wife. Stunned at first by the blow, his
+strong sense of duty soon roused him to resume his daily
+responsibilities--with a difference, however. Religion had always been a
+powerful factor in his life; henceforth it was to be his main
+inspiration, and he found his chief comfort in works of public and
+private beneficence.
+
+An earnest patriot, he was no politician; but when his services were
+needed by city, state, or country, they were always forthcoming.
+Throughout the series of financial disasters beginning with Andrew
+Jackson's refusal to renew the charter of the Bank of the United States,
+and culminating in the panic of 1837, Mr. Ward acted with vigor,
+decision, and sagacity. His denunciation of the removal of the public
+deposits from the Bank of the United States by the famous Specie
+Circular as "an act so lawless, violent, and fraught with disaster, that
+it would and must eventually overthrow the men and the party that
+resorted to it," was justified, literally and entirely.
+
+The crisis of 1836-37 called for all the strength, wisdom, and public
+spirit that the men of the country could show. Mr. Ward labored day and
+night to prevent the dishonor of the banks of New York.
+
+"Individual effort, however, was vain, and the 10th of May saw all the
+banks reduced to suspend specie payments; and upon no man did that
+disastrous day close with deeper mortification than upon him.
+Personally, and in his business relations, this event affected Mr. Ward
+as little possibly as any one at all connected with affairs; but, in his
+estimation, it vitally wounded the commercial honor and character of the
+city. He was not, however, a man to waste, in unavailing regrets, hours
+that might be more advantageously employed to repair the evil, and he
+therefore at once set about the arrangement of measures for inducing and
+enabling the banks to resume at the earliest possible moment."[13]
+
+  [13] _The Late Samuel Ward_, by Mr. Charles King.
+
+This was accomplished within the year. About the same time the Bank of
+England sent to Prime, Ward & King a loan of nearly five million dollars
+in gold. Mr. King says, "This extraordinary mark of confidence, this
+well-earned tribute to the prudence and integrity of the house, Mr. Ward
+did not affect to undervalue, and confirming, as it did, the sagacity of
+his own views, and the results which he had so confidently foretold, it
+was not lost upon the community in the midst of which he lived."
+
+Our mother never forgot the afternoon when Brother Sam came into her
+study on his return from Wall Street and cried out to her:--
+
+"Julia, men have been going up and down the office stairs all day long,
+carrying little wooden kegs of gold on their backs, marked 'Prime, Ward
+& King' and filled with English gold!"
+
+That English gold saved the honor of the Empire State, and the fact that
+her father procured the loan was the greatest asset in her inheritance
+from the old firm.
+
+Mr. Ward did not see the kegs, for he was in bed, prostrated by a severe
+fit of sickness brought on by his labors for the public honor. The few
+years that remained to him were a very martyrdom, his old enemy,
+rheumatic gout, attacking him more and more fiercely; but his spirit was
+indomitable. He labored almost single-handed to establish the Bank of
+Commerce, and became its first president, stipulating that he should
+receive no compensation. What he did receive was his death-warrant. The
+dampness of the freshly plastered walls of the new building brought on
+in the spring of 1839 two successive attacks so severe that he could not
+rally from them. Still he toiled on, giving all his energies to perfect
+and consolidate the enterprise which he believed would be of lasting
+benefit to his beloved city.
+
+In October of the same year came another financial crisis. The banks of
+Philadelphia and the Southern States suspended specie payments, and
+every effort was made to induce the New York banks to follow suit. Mr.
+Ward was ill at Newport, but hearing the news he hurried back and threw
+himself into the conflict, exhorting, sustaining, encouraging.
+
+A friend protested, warning him of the peril to his enfeebled health of
+such exertions. "I should esteem life itself not unworthily sacrificed,"
+said Mr. Ward, "if by word or deed, I could aid the banks in adhering
+faithfully to their duty."
+
+For nearly two weeks he labored, till the work was done, his city's
+honor and fair fame secure; then he went home literally to die,
+departing this life, November 27, 1839.
+
+Julia was with him when he died, his hand in hers. The beauty of his
+countenance in death was such that Anne Hall, the well-known miniature
+painter, begged permission to paint it, and his descendants may still
+gaze on the majestic features in their serene repose.
+
+Our mother writes of this time: "I cannot, even now, bear to dwell upon
+the desolate hush which fell upon our house when its stately head lay,
+silent and cold, in the midst of weeping friends and children."[14]
+
+  [14] _Reminiscences_, p. 53.
+
+Her love for her father was to cease only with her life. She never
+failed to record his birthday in her diary, with some word of tender
+remembrance.
+
+Shortly before Mr. Ward's death, Sam and his wife had moved to a house
+of their own. The five unmarried children would have been desolate,
+indeed, if left to themselves in the great house: but to the joy and
+comfort of all, their bachelor uncle, John Ward, left his own house and
+came to live with them. From this time until his death in 1866, he was a
+second father to them.
+
+_Uncle John!_ The words call up memories of our own childhood. We see a
+tall, stalwart figure, clad in loose-fitting garments; a noble head
+crowned by a small brown scratch wig; a countenance beaming with
+kindliness and humor. A Manila cheroot is between his lips--the
+fragrance of one never fails to call up his image--and he caresses an
+unamiable little dog which he fondly loves. He offers a grand-niece a
+silk dress if she will make it up herself. This was the "Uncle John" of
+No. 8 Bond Street, one of the worthies of Wall Street, and uncle, by
+courtesy, to half New York.
+
+In his youth he had received an injury which deprived him of speech for
+more than a year. It was feared that he would never speak again; one day
+his mother, trying to help him in some small matter, and not succeeding
+to her mind, cried, "I am a poor, awkward, old woman!"
+
+"_No, you are not!_" exclaimed John Ward; and the trouble was over.
+
+His devotion to his orphan nieces and nephews was constant and
+beautiful. He desired ardently that the three girls should be good
+housekeepers, and grudged the amount of time which one of them at least
+devoted to books and music. To them also he was fond of giving
+dress-materials, with the proviso that they should make them up for
+themselves. This they managed to do, "with a good deal of help from the
+family seamstress."
+
+When Julia published her first literary venture, a translation of
+Lamartine's "Jocelyne," Uncle John showed her a favorable notice of it
+in a newspaper, saying: "This is my little girl who knows about books,
+and writes an article and has it printed, but I wish she knew more about
+housekeeping."
+
+"A sentiment," she adds, "which in after years I had occasion to echo
+with fervor."
+
+While Sam was her ideal of youthful manhood, Henry was her mate, the
+nearest to her in age and in sympathy. The bond between them was close
+and tender; and when in October, 1840, he died of typhoid fever, the
+blow fell on her with crushing severity.
+
+"When he closed his eyes," she says, "I would gladly, oh, so gladly have
+died with him!" And again, "I remember the time as one without light or
+comfort."
+
+She turned to seek consolation in religion, and--naturally--in that
+aspect of religion which had been presented to her childish mind as the
+true and only one. At this time a great Calvinistic revival was going on
+in New York, and a zealous friend persuaded Julia to attend some of the
+meetings. In her anguish of grief, the gloomy doctrines of natural
+depravity, of an angry and vengeful Deity, of a salvation possible only
+through certain strictly defined channels, came home to her with
+terrible force. Her deeply religious nature sought the Divine under
+however portentous an aspect it was presented; her poet's imagination
+clung to the uplifted Cross; these were days of emotion, of fervor, of
+exaltation alternating with abasement; _thought_ was to come later.
+
+While under these influences, Julia, now at the head of the household,
+enforced her Calvinistic principles with rigor. The family were allowed
+only cold meat on Sunday, to their great discomfort; the rather
+uninviting midday dinner was named by Uncle John "Sentiment"; but at six
+o'clock they were given hot tea, and this he called "Bliss." Pious
+exhortations, sisterly admonitions, were the order of the day. "The Old
+Bird"--this _nom de tendresse_ had now superseded "Jolie Julie," and was
+to be hers while her sisters and brothers lived--hovered over the
+younger ones with maternal anxiety. In the poems and letters of this
+period, she adopts unconsciously the phraseology of the day.
+
+Being away on a visit, she writes to her sisters: "Believe me, it is
+better to set aside, untasted, the cup of human enjoyment, than to drink
+it to the bitter dregs, and then seek for something better, which may
+not be granted to us. The _manna_ fell from heaven early in the morning,
+those who then neglected to gather it were left without nourishment; it
+is early in life's morning that we must gather the heavenly food, which
+can alone support us through the burden and heat of the day."
+
+The emotional fervor of this time was heightened by a complication which
+arose from it. A young clergyman of brilliant powers and passionate
+nature fell deeply in love with Julia, and pressed his suit with such
+ardor that she consented to a semi-engagement. Fortunately, a visit to
+Boston gave her time to examine her feelings. Relieved from the pressure
+of a twofold excitement, breathing a calmer and a freer air, she
+realized that there could be no true union between her and the Rev. Mr.
+----, and the connection was broken off.
+
+The course of Julia's studies had for some years been leading her into
+wider fields of thought.
+
+In her brother's library she found George Sand and Balzac, and read such
+books as he selected for her. In German she became familiar with Goethe,
+Jean Paul, and Matthias Claudius. She describes the sense of
+intellectual freedom derived from these studies as "half delightful,
+half alarming."
+
+Mr. Ward one day had undertaken to read an English translation of
+"Faust" and came to her in great alarm. "My daughter," he said, "I hope
+that you have not read this wicked book!" She had read it, and "Wilhelm
+Meister," too (though in later life she thought the latter "not
+altogether good reading for the youth of our country"). Shelley was
+forbidden, and Byron allowed only in small and carefully selected doses.
+
+The twofold bereavement which weighed so heavily upon her checked for a
+time the development of her thought, throwing her back on the ideas
+which her childhood had received without question; but her buoyant
+spirit could not remain long submerged, and as the poignancy of grief
+abated, her mind sought eagerly for clearer vision.
+
+In the quiet of her own room, the bounds of thought and of faith
+stretched wide and wider. Vision often came in a flash: witness the
+moment when the question of Matthias Claudius, "And is He not also the
+God of the Japanese?" changed from a shocking suggestion to an eternal
+truth. Witness also the moment when, after reading "Paradise Lost," she
+saw "the picture of an eternal evil, of Satan and his ministers
+subjugated, indeed, by God, but not conquered, and able to maintain
+against Him an opposition as eternal as his goodness. This appeared to
+me impossible, and I threw away, once and forever, the thought of the
+terrible hell which till then had always formed part of my belief. In
+its place I cherished the persuasion that the victory of goodness must
+consist in making everything good, and that Satan himself could have no
+shield strong enough to resist permanently the divine power of the
+divine spirit."
+
+New vistas were opening everywhere before her. She made acquaintance
+with Margaret Fuller, who read her poems, and urged her to publish them.
+Of one of these poems, Miss Fuller writes:--
+
+"It is the record of days of genuine inspiration,--of days when the soul
+lay in the light, when the spiritual harmonies were clearly apprehended
+and great religious symbols reanimated with their original meaning. Its
+numbers have the fulness and sweetness of young love, young life. Its
+gifts were great and demand the service of a long day's work to
+_requite_ and to interpret them. I can hardly realize that the Julia
+Ward I have seen has lived this life. It has not yet pervaded her whole
+being, though I can recall something of it in the steady light of her
+eye. May she become all attempered and ennobled by this music. I saw in
+her taste, the capacity for genius, and the utmost delicacy of
+passionate feeling, but caught no glimpse at the time of this higher
+mood.... If she publishes, I would not have her omit the lines about the
+'lonely room.' The personal interest with which they stamp that part is
+slight and delicate....
+
+                             "S. MARGARET FULLER.
+
+"I know of many persons in my own circle to whom I think the poem would
+be especially grateful."[15]
+
+  [15] This manuscript poem was lost, together with many others of the
+  period, a loss always regretted by our mother.
+
+On every hand she met people, who like herself were pressing forward,
+seeking new light. She heard Channing preach, heard him say that God
+loves bad men as well as good; another window opened in her soul. Again,
+on a journey to Boston, she met Ralph Waldo Emerson. The train being
+delayed at a wayside station, she saw the Transcendentalist, whom she
+had pictured as hardly human, carrying on his shoulder the child of a
+poor and weary woman; her heart warmed to him, and they soon made
+acquaintance. She, with the ardor of youth, gave him at some length the
+religious views which she still held in the main, and with which she
+felt he would not agree. She enlarged upon the personal presence of
+Satan on this earth, on his power over man. Mr. Emerson replied with
+gentle courtesy, "Surely the Angel must be stronger than the Demon!" She
+never forgot these words; another window opened, and a wide one.
+
+Julia Ward had come a long way from old Ascension Church, where Peter
+Stuyvesant, in a full brown wig, carried round the plate, and the
+Reverend Manton (afterwards Bishop) Eastburn preached sermons "remarked
+for their good English"; and where communicants were not expected to go
+to balls or theatres.
+
+The years of mourning over, the Ward sisters took up the pursuits
+natural to their age and position. Louisa was now eighteen, very
+beautiful, already showing the rare social gift which distinguished her
+through life. The two sisters began a season of visiting, dancing, and
+all manner of gayeties.
+
+The following letter illustrates this period of her girlhood:--
+
+
+                 _To her sisters_
+
+                                         BOSTON (1842).
+                          Friday, that's all I know about to-day.
+
+MY DEAREST CHICKS,--
+
+Though I have a right to be tired, having talked and danced for the two
+last nights, yet my enjoyment is most imperfect until I have shared it
+with you, so I must needs write to you, and tell you what a very nice
+time I am having. Last night I went to a party at Miss Shaw's, given to
+_Boz and me_, at least, I was invited before he came here, so think that
+I will only give him an equal share of the honor. I danced a good deal,
+with some very agreeable partners, and talked as usual with Sumner,
+Hillard,[16] Longo,[17] etc. I was quite pleased that Boz recognized
+Fanny Appleton and myself, and gave us a smile and bow _en passant_. He
+could do no more, being almost torn to pieces by the crowd which throngs
+his footsteps, wherever he goes. I like to look at him, he has a bright
+and most speaking countenance, and his face is all wrinkled with the
+lines, not of care, but of laughter. His manners are very free and
+cordial, and he seems to be as capital a fellow as one would suppose
+from his writings. He circulates as universally as small change, and
+understands the art of gratifying others without troubling himself, of
+letting himself be seen without displaying himself--now this speaks for
+his real good taste, and shows that if not a gentleman born and bred, he
+is at least a man, every inch of him.
+
+  [16] George S. Hillard.
+
+  [17] Longfellow.
+
+... I have had hardly the least dash of Transcendentalism, and that of
+the very best description, a lecture and a visit from Emerson, in both
+of which he said beautiful things, and to-morrow (don't be shocked!) a
+conversation at Miss Fuller's, which I shall treasure up for your
+amusement and instruction. I have also heard (don't go into hysterics!)
+Dr. Channing once. It was a rare chance, as he does not now preach once
+in a year. His discourse was very beautiful--and oh, such a sermon as I
+heard from Father Taylor! I was almost disposed to say, "surely never
+man spake like this man." And now good-bye. I must shut up the budget,
+and keep some for a rainy day. God bless my darling sisters. Love to
+dear Sam and Uncle. Your
+
+                                                           DUDIE.
+
+
+In these days also she first met her future husband.
+
+Samuel Gridley Howe was at this time (1842) forty-one years of age; his
+life had been a stirring and adventurous one. After passing through
+Brown University, and the Harvard Medical School, in 1824 he threw in
+his lot with the people of Greece, then engaged in their War of
+Independence, and for six years shared their labor and hardships in the
+field, and on shipboard, being surgeon-in-chief first to the Greek army,
+then to the fleet. It was noted by a companion in arms, that "the only
+fault found with him was that he always would be in the fight, and was
+only a surgeon when the battle was over." He eventually found, however,
+that his work was to be constructive, not destructive.
+
+The people were perishing for lack of food; he returned to America,
+preached a crusade, and took back to Greece a shipload of food and
+clothing for the starving women and children. Having fed them, he set
+them to work; built a hospital and a mole (which stands to this day in
+AEgina), founded a colony, and turned the half-naked peasants into
+farmers. These matters have been fully related elsewhere.[18]
+
+  [18] _Letters and Journals of Samuel Gridley Howe._
+
+Returning to this country in 1831, he took up the education of the
+blind, which was to be chief among the multifarious labors of his life.
+
+When Julia Ward first met him, he had been for nine years Director of
+the Perkins Institution for the Blind, and was known throughout the
+civilized world as the man who had first taught language to a blind deaf
+mute (Laura Bridgman).
+
+Up to this time a person thus afflicted was classed with idiots,
+"because," as Blackstone says, "his mind cannot be reached." This dictum
+had been recently reaffirmed by a body of learned men. Dr. Howe thought
+otherwise. Briefly, he invented a new science. "He carefully reasoned
+out every step of the way, and made a full and clear record of the
+methods which he invented, not for his pupils alone, but for the whole
+afflicted class for which he opened the way to human fellowship.... His
+methods have been employed in all subsequent cases, and after seventy
+years of trial remain the standard."[19]
+
+  [19] _Memoir of Dr. Samuel G. Howe_, by Julia Ward Howe.
+
+Hand in hand with Dorothea Dix, he was beginning the great fight for
+helping and uplifting the insane; was already, with Horace Mann,
+considering the condition of the common schools, and forging the
+weapons for other fights which laid the foundations of the school system
+of Massachusetts. Later, he was to take up the cause of the
+feeble-minded, the deaf mute, the prisoner, the slave; throughout his
+life, no one in "trouble, sorrow, need, sickness, or any other
+adversity" was ever to call on him in vain.
+
+His friends called him the "Chevalier"; partly because the King of
+Greece had made him a Knight of St. George, but more because they saw in
+him a good knight without fear and without reproach. Charles Sumner was
+his _alter ego_, the brother of his heart; others of his intimates at
+that time were Longfellow, George Hillard, Cornelius Felton, Henry
+Cleveland. This little knot of friends called themselves "The Five of
+Clubs," and met often to make merry and to discuss the things of life.
+
+The summer of 1842 was spent by Julia Ward and her sisters at a cottage
+in the neighborhood of Boston, in company with their friend Mary
+Ward.[20] Here Longfellow and Sumner often visited them, and here Julia
+first heard of the Chevalier and his wonderful achievement in educating
+Laura Bridgman. Deeply interested, she gladly accepted the offer of the
+two friends to drive her and her sisters over to the Perkins
+Institution. She has described how "Mr. Sumner, looking out of a window,
+said, 'Oh! here comes Howe on his black horse.' I looked out also, and
+beheld a noble rider on a noble steed."
+
+  [20] Afterward Mrs. Charles H. Dorr. This lady was of no kin to them.
+  She had been betrothed to their brother Henry, and was the lifelong
+  friend of all three sisters.
+
+The slender, military figure, the jet-black hair, keen blue eyes, and
+brilliant complexion, above all the vivid presence, like the flash of a
+sword--all these could not fail to impress the young girl deeply; the
+Chevalier, on his part, saw and recognized the _Diva Julia_ of his
+friends' description. She has told us "how acquaintance ripened into
+good-will" between the two.
+
+The Chevalier, eager to push the acquaintance further, went to New York
+to call on the Diva and her family. In a private journal of the time we
+find the following glimpse of the pair:--
+
+"Walked down Broadway with all the fashion and met the pretty
+blue-stocking, Miss Julia Ward, with her admirer, Dr. Howe, just home
+from Europe. She had on a blue satin cloak and a white muslin dress. I
+looked to see if she had on blue stockings, but I think not. I suspect
+that her stockings were pink, and she wore low slippers, as Grandmamma
+does. They say she dreams in Italian and quotes French verses. She sang
+very prettily at a party last evening, and accompanied herself on the
+piano. I noticed how white her hands were."
+
+During a subsequent visit to Boston in the winter of 1842-43, Julia Ward
+and Dr. Howe became engaged. The engagement was warmly welcomed by the
+friends of both.
+
+Charles Sumner writes to Julia:--
+
+"Howe has told me, with eyes flashing with joy, that you have received
+his love. May God make you happy in his heart, as I know he will be
+happy in yours! A truer heart was never offered to woman. I know him
+well. I know the depth, strength, and constancy of his affections, as
+the whole world knows the beauty of his life and character. And oh! how
+I rejoice that these are all to mingle in loving harmony with your great
+gifts of heart and mind. God bless you! God bless you both! You will
+strengthen each other for the duties of life; and the most beautiful
+happiness shall be yours--that derived from inextinguishable mutual
+love, and from the consciousness of duty done.
+
+"You have accepted my dear Howe as your lover; pray let me ever be
+
+                        "Your most affectionate friend,
+
+                                          "CHARLES SUMNER.
+
+"P.S. Sir Huldbrand has subdued the restless Undine, and the soul has
+been inspired into her; and her 'wickedness' shall cease."
+
+
+Longfellow's letter to Dr. Howe also has been preserved among the
+precious relics of the time.
+
+
+MY DEAREST CHEVALIER,--
+
+From the deepest dungeons of my heart, all the imprisoned sympathies and
+affections of my nature cry aloud to you, saying "All hail!" On my
+return from Portland this afternoon, I found your note, and before
+reading it I read in Sumner's eyes your happiness. The great riddle of
+life is no longer a riddle to you; the great mystery is solved. I need
+not say to you how very deeply and devoutly I rejoice with you; and no
+one more so, I assure you. Among all your friends, I am the oldest
+friend of your fair young bride; she is a beautiful spirit, a truth,
+which friendship has learned by heart in a few years. Love has taught
+you in as many hours!
+
+Of course you seem to be transfigured and glorified. You walk above in
+the June air, while Sumner and I, like the poor (sprites) in "Faust,"
+who were struggling far down in the cracks and fissures of the rocks,
+cry out to you, "O take us with you! take us with you!"
+
+In fine, my dear Doctor, God bless you and yours. You know already how
+much I approve your choice. I went to your office this afternoon to tell
+you with my own lips; but you were not there. Take, therefore, this
+brief expression of my happiness at knowing you are so happy; and
+believe me
+
+                                Ever sincerely your friend,
+
+                                                      LONGFELLOW.
+
+CAMBRIDGE, Feb. 20, 1843.
+
+At the same time Diva writes to her brother Sam:--
+
+"The Chevalier says truly--I am the captive of his bow and spear. His
+true devotion has won me from the world, and from myself. The past is
+already fading from my sight; already, I begin to live with him in the
+future, which shall be as calmly bright as true love can make it. I am
+perfectly satisfied to sacrifice to one so noble and earnest the day
+dreams of my youth. He will make life more beautiful to me than a
+dream....
+
+"The Chevalier is very presumptuous--says that he will not lose sight of
+me for one day, that I must stay here till he can return with me to New
+York. The Chevalier is very impertinent, speaks of two or three months,
+when I speak of two or three years, and seems determined to have his
+own way: but, dear Bunny, the Chevalier's way will be a very charming
+way, and is, henceforth, to be mine."
+
+It was not to be supposed that the Chevalier would wait longer for his
+bride than was absolutely necessary. The wedding preparations were
+hurried on, most of them being made by Sisters Annie and Louisa, as
+Julia could not be brought down from the clouds sufficiently to give
+them much attention. It was hard even to make her choose her wedding
+dress; but this was finally decided upon, "a white embroidered muslin,
+exquisitely fine, to be worn over a satin 'slip.'"
+
+The wedding, a quiet one, took place at Samuel Ward's house, on April
+23, 1843, and four days later, Chevalier and Diva sailed together for
+Europe.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V
+
+TRAVEL
+
+1843-1844; _aet._ 24-25
+
+                          ... I have been
+  In dangers of the sea and land, unscared;
+  And from the narrow gates of childbed oft
+  Have issued, bearing high my perilous prize
+  (The germ of angel-hood, from chaos rescued),
+  With steadfast hope and courage....
+
+                                            J. W. H.
+
+
+In the forties it was no uncommon thing for a sister or friend of the
+bride to form one of the wedding party when a journey was to be taken;
+accordingly Annie Ward went with the Howes and shared the pleasures of a
+notable year. She was at this time seventeen; it was said of her that
+"she looked so like a lily-of-the-valley that one expected to see two
+long green leaves spring up beside her as she walked."
+
+Horace Mann and his bride (Mary Peabody, sister of Mrs. Nathaniel
+Hawthorne) sailed on the same steamer; the friends met afterward in
+London and elsewhere.
+
+The first days at sea were rough and uncomfortable. Julia writes to her
+sister Louisa:--
+
+"I have had two days of extreme suffering, and look like the Chevalier's
+grandmother. To-day I am on deck, able to eat soup and herring, with
+grog in small doses. Husband very kind, takes good care of me. I am good
+for nothing, but try to be courageous. Mr. and Mrs. Mann are very
+loving; she wears a monstrous sunbonnet; he lies down in his
+overcoat.... Brandy and water are consoling; Dr. won't give us much,
+though.... I could not get off my boots until last night, I was so ill;
+I slept all the time, and forgot that Annie was on board.... When you do
+get married, don't leave in four days for Europe.... Don't forget cake
+for my orphans.... Mrs. Mann wrote to me yesterday, and recommended
+lemonade. I wrote back to her, and recommended leeks and onions...."
+
+And again, several days later:--
+
+"Although the ship is very tipsy, and makes my head and hand unsteady, I
+am anxious to write to you that you may see what a brave sailor I am
+become, for to write at sea one must be quite well. I am ashamed to have
+written you so sea-sick a letter near Halifax, but I was then just out
+of my berth, and very miserable. Since that time, I have not once laid
+by--we have had some rough days, but I have always held up my head, and
+eaten my dinner, 'helping myself _sang-froidy_' to all manner of good
+things. At first, I could not do without brandy and water, but in a
+little while I ceased to require it; now I go tumbling about all over
+the ship, singing at the top of my voice, teasing Chevalier, and
+comforting the sea-sick.... I live on deck, rain or shine. Annie stays
+too much in the cabin, which is strewn with sick ladies, and grannies of
+the other sex, and which ever resounds with cries of 'Mrs. Bean! Mrs.
+Bean! soda water! Mrs. Bean, soup! Mrs. Bean, gruel with brandy in it!
+Mrs. Bean, hold my head! Mrs. Bean, wag my jaws!' Mrs. Bean is the
+stewardess, and an angel....
+
+"_Saturday morning._ We are now in sight of land, and in smooth
+water.... Annie and I were getting very much used to the ship, and are
+just in fine trim for a long voyage. I even miss the rolling and
+pitching which we have had until to-day, and which made it necessary to
+walk with great circumspection. You would have laughed to have seen us,
+going about like tipsy witches. I have had various tumbles. I confess
+that when the ship rolled and I felt myself going, I generally made for
+the stoutest man in sight, and pitched into him, the result being
+various apologies on both sides, and great merriment on the part of the
+spectators--a little of the old mischief left, you see. The old cow
+began to smell the land yesterday, she reared and bellowed, and butted
+at the butcher when he went to milk her. This is her third voyage. I
+cannot tell you how good my husband is, how kind, how devoted...."
+
+Arriving in London, they took lodgings in upper Baker Street.
+
+This first visit to London was one which our mother always loved to
+recall. Not only had the pair brought letters to many notabilities, but
+Dr. Howe's reputation had preceded him, and every reader of Dickens's
+"American Notes" was eager to meet the man who had brought a soul out of
+prison.
+
+Julia writes to her sister Louisa (June 17):--
+
+"I have said something,--I can hardly say enough, of the kindness we
+have received here. London seems already a home to us, and one
+surrounded by dear friends. Morpeth and his family, Rogers, Basil
+Montagu, and Sir R. H. Inglis have been our best friends. Sydney Smith
+also has been kind to us; he calls Howe 'Prometheus,' and says that he
+gave a soul to an inanimate body. For four mornings, we have not once
+breakfasted at home. Milnes gave us one very nice breakfast; among the
+guests was Charles Buller, celebrated here for his wit and various
+endowments. The two handsomest women I have seen are Mrs. Norton and the
+Duchess of Sutherland--the former of these rather a haughty beauty, with
+flashing eye and swelling lip, and dress too low for our notions of
+propriety--this is common enough here...."
+
+The Doctor was lame (the result of an accident on shipboard), and the
+Reverend Sydney Smith, one of their earliest visitors, insisted on
+lending him his own crutches. The Doctor demurred; he was tall, while
+Canon Smith was short and stout. The crutches were sent, nevertheless.
+They could not be used, and were returned with thanks; not so soon,
+however, but that the kind and witty Canon made of the incident a peg on
+which to hang a jest. He had lost money by American investments; in a
+letter published in a London paper, after reflecting severely upon the
+failure of some of the Western States to pay their debts, he added: "And
+now an American doctor has deprived me of my last means of support!"
+
+Sydney Smith proved genuinely kind and solicitous. He writes to the
+Doctor:--
+
+"You know as well as I do, or better, that nature charges one hundred
+per cent for a bad leg used before the proper time, and that if you use
+it a day sooner than you ought, it may molest you for a month longer
+than you expect. This being; [_sic_] if your ladies will trust
+themselves to me any day, I shall have great pleasure in escorting them
+in their sight-seeing, and will call upon them with my carriage, if that
+be possible."
+
+He did take them about a great deal; they dined with him, and passed
+more than one delightful evening at his house.
+
+Another of their early visitors was Charles Dickens. Not only did he
+invite them to dine, but he took them to all manner of places unfamiliar
+to the ordinary tourist: to prisons, workhouses, and asylums, more
+interesting to the Chevalier than theatre or picture-gallery.
+
+There were even expeditions to darker places, when Julia and Annie must
+stay at home. Dr. Howe's affair was with all sorts and conditions of
+men, and the creator of Joe and Oliver Twist, the child of the
+Marshalsea, could show him things that no one else could. The following
+note, in Dickens's unmistakable handwriting, shows how these expeditions
+were managed, and how he enjoyed them:--
+
+
+MY DEAR HOWE,--Drive to-night to St. Giles's Church. Be there at
+half-past 11--and wait. One of Tracey's people will put his head into
+the coach after a Venetian and mysterious fashion, and breathe your
+name. Follow that man. Trust him to the death.
+
+So no more at present from
+
+                                                        THE MASK.
+
+Ninth June, 1843.
+
+
+Horace Mann was of the party on most of these investigations.
+
+Beside dinners and evening parties, there were breakfasts, with Richard
+Monckton Milnes (afterward Lord Houghton), with Samuel Rogers,--who gave
+them plovers' eggs,--and with jovial Sir Robert Harry Inglis, who cut
+the loaf at either end, giving the guests "a slice or a hunch" at their
+desire.
+
+This meal, our mother notes, was not "a luncheon in disguise," but a
+genuine breakfast, at ten or even half-past nine o'clock.
+
+She writes to her sister Louisa:--
+
+"People have been very kind to us--we have one or two engagements for
+every day this week, and had three dinners for one day, two of which we
+were, of course, forced to decline. We had a pleasant dinner at
+Dickens's, on Saturday--a very handsome entertainment, consisting of all
+manner of good things. Dickens led me in to dinner--waxed quite genial
+over his wine, and was more natural than I ever saw him--after dinner we
+had coffee, conversation and music, to which I lent my little wee voice!
+We did not get home until half-past eleven.... Annie has doubtless told
+you how we went to see Carlyle, and Mrs. was out, and I poured tea for
+him, and he handed me the preserves with: 'I do not know what thae
+little things are, perhaps you can eat them--I never touch them mysel'.'
+This naturally made me laugh--we had a strange but pleasant evening with
+him--he is about forty, looks young for that, drinks powerful tea, and
+then goes it strong upon all subjects, but without extravagance--he has
+a fine head, an earnest face, a glowing eye.... Furthermore, we have
+walked into the affections of the Hon. Basil Montagu, and Mrs.
+Basil--furthermore, Annie and I did went alone to a rout at Mrs. Sydney
+Smith's, and were announced, 'Mrs. 'Owe hand Miss Vord'--did not know a
+soul, Annie frightened, I bored--got hold of some good people--made
+friends, drank execrable tea, finished the evening by a crack with Sir
+Sydney himself, and came off victorious, that is to say alive. Sir S.
+very like old Mrs. Prime, three chins, and such a corporosity!...
+
+"_Saturday, June 2nd._ We have been too busy to write. We dined on
+Wednesday with Kenyon--present Dickens's wife, Fellows, Milnes and some
+others--Milnes a pert little prig, but pleasant. _A propos_, when he
+came to call upon us, our girl announced him as 'Mr. Miller'--our
+conversation ran upon literature, and I had the exquisite discrimination
+to tell him that except Wordsworth, there were no great poets in England
+now. Fortunately he soon took his departure, and thus prevented me from
+expressing the light estimation in which I hold his poetry. On Thursday
+Morpeth gave us a beautiful dinner--thirteen servants in the hall,
+powdered heads, Lady Carlisle very like Morpeth--Lady Mary Howard not
+pretty; Duchess of Sutherland, beautiful, but like Lizzie Hogg. They
+gave us strawberries, the first we have tasted, green peas, pines,
+peaches, apricots, grapes--all very expensive. We stayed until nearly
+twelve--they were very gracious--Annie and I are little people here--we
+are too young(?) to be noticed--we are very demure, and have learned
+humility. Chev receives a great deal of attention, ladies press forward
+to look at him, roll up their eyes, and exclaim, 'Oh! he is such a
+wonner!' I do not like that the pretty women should pay him so many
+compliments--it will turn his little head! He is now almost well, and so
+handsome! the wrinkles are almost gone--Yesterday, Sir Robert Inglis gin
+us a treat in the shape of a breakfast--it was very pleasant, albeit Sir
+R. is very pious, and a Tory to boot. We had afterward a charming visit
+from Carlyle--in the evening we went to Landsdowne House, to a concert
+given by the Marquis--heard Grisi, Lablache, Mario, Standigl, were much
+pleased--I was astonished, though, to find that our little trio at home
+was not bad, even in comparison with these stars. They have, of course,
+infinitely better voices, but hang me if they sing with half the
+enthusiasm and fire of our old Sam and Cousi, or even of poor Dudy.
+Grisi's voice is beautifully clear and flute-like--Mario sings
+_si-be-mol_ and natural with perfect ease. I was most interested in the
+German Standigl, who sang the '_Wanderer_' with wonderful pathos.
+Lablache thundered away--I must see them on the stage before I shall be
+able to judge of them. After music we had supper. Willie Wad[21] was
+indefatigable in our service. 'Go, and bring us a great deal more
+lemonade!' these were our oft-repeated orders, and the good Geneseo
+trotted to the table for us, till, as he expressed it, 'he was ashamed
+to go any more.' Lansdowne is a devilish good fellow! ho! ho! He wears a
+blue belt across his diaphragm, and a silver star on his left breast--he
+jigs up and down the room, and makes himself at home in his own house.
+He is about sixty, with Marchioness to match; side dishes, I presume,
+but did not inquire. I have just been breakfasting at the Duke of
+Sutherland's superb palace. I will tell you next time about it. Lady
+Carlisle says I am nice and pretty, oh! how I love her!..."
+
+  [21] William Wadsworth, of Geneseo.
+
+In another letter she says:--
+
+"I take some interest in everything I see--especially in all that throws
+light upon human prog. The Everetts[22] have given us a beautiful and
+most agreeable dinner: Dickens, Mrs. Norton, Moore, Landseer, and one or
+two others. Rogers says: 'I have three pleasures in the day: the first
+is, when I get up in the morning, and scratch myself with my hair
+mittens; the second is when I dress for dinner, and scratch myself with
+my hair mittens; the third is when I undress at night, and scratch
+myself with my hair mittens.'..."
+
+  [22] Edward Everett was at that time American Minister to England.
+
+Beside this feast of hospitality, there was the theatre, with Macready
+and Helen Faucit in the "Lady of Lyons," and the opera, with Grisi and
+Mario, Alboni and Persiani. Julia, who had been forbidden the theatre
+since her seventh year, enjoyed to the full both music and drama, but
+"the crowning ecstasy of all" she found in the ballet, of which Fanny
+Elssler and Cerito were the stars. The former was beginning to wane; the
+dancing which to Emerson and Margaret Fuller seemed "poetry and
+religion" had lost, perhaps, something of its magic; the latter was
+still in her early bloom and grace.
+
+Years later, our mother suggested to Theodore Parker that "the best
+stage dancing gives the _classic, in a fluent form_, with the
+illumination of life and personality." She recalled nothing sensual or
+even sensuous in the dances she saw that season, only "the very ecstasy
+and embodiment of grace." (But the Doctor thought Cerito ought to be
+sent to the House of Correction!)
+
+Among the English friends, the one to whom our parents became most
+warmly attached was Lord Morpeth, afterwards Earl of Carlisle. This
+gentleman proved a devoted friend. Not only did he show the travellers
+every possible attention in London, but finding that they were planning
+a tour through Wales, Ireland, and Scotland, he made out with great care
+an itinerary for them, giving the roads by which they should travel and
+the points of interest they should visit.
+
+Very reluctantly they left the London of so many delights, and started
+on the prescribed tour, following in the main the lines laid down by
+their kind friend.
+
+
+                           _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                                  Sunday, July 2.
+
+... We are in Dublin, among the Paddies, and funny enough they are.
+There are many beggars--you cannot get into the carriage without being
+surrounded with ragged women holding out their dirty hands, and
+clamouring for ha'pence--we have just returned from Edgeworthtown; on
+our way, we walked into some of the peasants' huts. I will tell you
+about one--it was thatched, built very miserably, had no floor except
+the native mud; there was a peat fire, which filled the house with
+smoke--before the fire lay the pig, grunting in concert with the
+chickens, who were picking up scraps of the dinner, which consisted of
+potatoes and salt--three families live in it. Two sets of little
+ragamuffins are sitting in the dirt. Ch. bestows some pence: "God kape
+your honour--God save ye, wherever ye go, and sure and it's a nice,
+comfortable looking young woman you have got with you, an uncommon
+pretty girl" (that is me). Don't they understand the matter, eh? We
+passed three delightful hours with Miss Edgeworth, in the library in
+which she wrote all her works--she was surrounded by a numerous and
+charming family, among others, the last of her father's four wives, whom
+she calls mother, although the lady must be some ten years her junior.
+She is herself a most vivacious little lady, about seventy-five years
+old, but gay and bright as a young girl--she seemed quite delighted with
+Ch., and conversed with him on many topics in a very animated manner.
+She has very clear and sound views of things, and takes the liveliest
+interest in all that goes on around her, and in the world. One of her
+younger brothers (with a nice Spanish wife) has a nest of very young
+children, in whom she delights as much as if she had not helped to bring
+up three sets of brothers and sisters. She said to me: "It is not only
+for Laura Bridgman that I wanted to see Dr. Howe, but I admire the
+spirit of all his writings." She gave him some engravings, and wrote her
+name at the bottom.... At one o'clock, we went to luncheon which was
+very nice, consisting of meat, potatoes, and preserves.... She made us
+laugh, and laughed herself. They were saying that American lard was
+quite superseding whale oil. "Yes," said she, "and in consequence, the
+whale cannot bear the sight of a pig." Her little nephew made a real
+bull. He was showing me his rat trap, "and," said he, "I shall kill the
+rat before I let him out, eh?"...
+
+_Dublin, Tuesday._ Went to the Repeal meeting at the Corn Exchange. It
+was held in a small room in the third or fourth story. "A shilling,
+sir," said the man at the door to my husband.--"What!" replied he, "do
+ladies pay?"--"Not unless they'd like to become repealers." We passed
+up--the gentlemen went on to the floor of the room--we went to the
+ladies' gallery, a close confined place at one end--we were early, and
+had good seats, for a time at least--we separated, not anticipating the
+trouble we should have in finding each other again--for the ladies,
+comprising orangewomen, washerwomen, and I fear, all manner of women,
+poured in, without much regard to order, decency, and the rights of
+prior possession--and when O'Connell came in, which was in about three
+quarters of an hour, they pressed, and pushed, and squeezed, and
+scolded, as only Irishwomen can do.... The current of female patriotism
+bore down upon me in a most painful manner--a sort of triangular
+pressure seemed applied to my poor body which threatened to destroy, not
+only my centre of gravity, but my very personal identity. I was obliged,
+I regret to say, to defend myself as I have sometimes done in a
+quadrille or waltzing circle in New York--I was forced to push in my
+turn, though as moderately as I could. This was not my only trouble--in
+the crowd, I had scraped acquaintance with a respectable Irishwoman,
+who, after various questions, discovered that I was an American, and
+imagined me at once to be a good Catholic and repealer--so when
+O'Connell made some allusions to the Americans, she said so as to be
+heard by several people, who immediately began to look at me with
+curious eyes--"You shouldn't disturb her, she's an American," and they
+would for a time cease to molest me.... O'Connell was not great on this
+occasion--his remarks were rambling and superficial, distinguished
+chiefly by their familiarity, and by the extreme ingenuity with which
+the cunning orator disguises the tendencies of the sentiments he
+vindicates, and talks treason, yet so that the law cannot lay a finger
+upon him. He had begun his speech when Steele, a brother repealer,
+entered. He stopped at once, held out his hand to him, saying in a loud
+tone, "Tom Steele, how d'ye do?" which drew forth bursts of applause.
+"And is he a good man?" I asked of a lady repealer (whether apple-woman
+or seller of ginger beer, I know not). "Oh, Ma'am, he is the best
+_cratur_, the most charitable, the most virtuous, the most religious
+man--sure, he goes to the communion every Sunday, and never says no to
+no one."
+
+
+The visit to Scotland was all too hasty, the notes are mere brief
+jottings; at the end she "remembered but one thing, the grave of Scott.
+In return for all the delight he had given me, I had nothing to give him
+but my silent tears."
+
+The end of July found the party once more in England. The following
+letter tells of the unlucky visit to Wordsworth which our mother (after
+forty-six years) describes from memory in her "Reminiscences" in
+slightly different terms.
+
+
+                     _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                                         July 29.
+
+... I am very glad to be out of Ireland and Scotland, where we had
+incessant rains--even the beautiful Loch Katrine would not show herself
+to us in sunshine. We crossed in an open boat, and had a pony ride of
+five miles, all in as abominable a drizzle as you would wish to see. The
+Cumberland Lakes, among which we sought the shrine of Wordsworth, were
+almost as unaccommodating--in driving to Windermere we got wetted to the
+skin, and dashed down the steep mountain road in a thick mist, with a
+pair of horses, so unruly that I supposed the miseries of wet garments
+would soon be cancelled by that of a broken neck. I prayed to Saint
+Crispin, Saint Nicholas, and the three kings of Koeln, and got through
+the danger--in the evening we visited Wordsworth, a crabbed old sinner,
+who gave us a very indifferent muffin, and talked repudiation with Chev.
+As he had just lost a great deal of money by Mississippi bonds, you may
+imagine that he felt particularly disposed to be cordial to
+Americans--and not knowing, probably, that New York is not in the heart
+of Louisiana, he was inclined no doubt to cast part of the odium upon
+us. Accordingly Mrs. Wordsworth and her daughter sat at one end of the
+room, Annie and I at the other. Incensed at this unusual neglect, I made
+several interjections in a low tone for Annie's benefit (my husband
+allows me to swear once a week)--at length, good Townsend-on-Mesmerism
+came to my relief, and kindly talked with me for an hour or more--he is
+a charming person, and rides other people's horses as well as his own
+hobby. He dislikes England, and lives principally in Germany. Kind
+Heaven, at the termination of the evening, sent me an opportunity of
+imparting a small portion of the internal pepper and mustard which had
+been ripening in my heart during the whole evening. The mother and
+daughter beginning to whine to me about their losses, I told them that
+where one Englishman had suffered, twenty Americans were perhaps ruined.
+They replied, it was hard they should suffer for the misfortunes of
+another country. "And why," quoth I, "must you needs speculate in
+foreign stocks? Why did you not keep your money at home? It was safe
+enough in England--you knew there was risk in investing it so far from
+you--if we should speculate in yours, we should no doubt be ruined
+also." This explosion, from my meek self, took the company somewhat by
+surprise--they held their tongues, and we departed....
+
+
+From England the travellers had meant to go to Berlin, but the King of
+Prussia, who eleven years before had kept Dr. Howe in prison _au secret_
+for five weeks for carrying (at the request of General Lafayette) succor
+to certain Polish refugees, still regarded him as a dangerous person,
+and Prussia was closed to him and his. This greatly amused Horace Mann,
+who wrote to the Doctor, "I understand the King of Prussia has about
+200,000 men constantly under arms, and if necessary he can increase his
+force to two millions. This shows the estimation in which he holds your
+single self!"
+
+Years later, the King sent Dr. Howe a gold medal in consideration of his
+work for the blind: by a singular coincidence, its money value was found
+to equal the sum which the Doctor had been forced to pay for board and
+lodging in the prison of Berlin.
+
+Making a detour, the party journeyed through Switzerland and the
+Austrian Tyrol, spent some weeks in Vienna, and a month in Milan, where
+they met Count Gonfalonieri, one of the prisoners of Spielberg. Julia
+had known two of these sufferers, Foresti and Albinola, in New York,
+where they lived for many years, beloved and respected. Hearing the talk
+of these men, and seeing Italy bound hand and foot in temporal and
+spiritual fetters, she was deeply impressed by the apparent hopelessness
+of the outlook for the Italian patriots. By what miracle, she asked
+herself long afterward, was the great structure overthrown? She adds,
+"The remembrance of this miracle forbids me to despair of any great
+deliverance, desired and delayed. He who maketh the wrath of men to
+serve Him, can make liberty blossom out of the very rod that the tyrant
+[wields]."
+
+Southward still they journeyed, by _vettura_, in the old leisurely
+fashion, and came at last to Rome.
+
+The thrill of wonder that Julia felt at the first sight of St. Peter's
+dome across the Campagna was one of the abiding impressions of her life;
+Rome was to be one of the cities of her heart; the charm was cast upon
+her in that first moment. Yet she says of that Rome of 1843, "A great
+gloom and silence hung over it."
+
+The houses were cold, and there were few conveniences; but Christmas
+found the Howes established in the Via San Niccolo da Tolentino, as
+comfortably as might be. Here they were joined by Louisa Ward, and here
+they soon gathered round them a delightful circle of friends. Most of
+the _forestieri_ of Rome in those days were artists; among those who
+came often to the house were Thomas Crawford, Luther Terry, Freeman the
+painter and his wife, and Toermer, who painted a portrait of Julia. The
+winter passed like a dream. There were balls as gorgeous as those of
+London, with the beautiful Princess Torlonia in place of the Duchess of
+Sutherland; musical parties, at which Diva sang to the admiration of
+all. There were visits to the galleries, where George Combe was of the
+party, and where he and the Chevalier studied the heads of statues and
+busts from the point of view of phrenology, a theory in which both were
+deeply interested. They were presented to the Pope, Gregory XVI, who
+wished to hear about Laura Bridgman. The Chevalier visited all the
+"public institutions, misnamed charitable,"[23] and the schools, whose
+masters were amazed to find that he was an American, and asked how in
+that case it happened that he was not black!
+
+  [23] S. G. H. to Charles Sumner.
+
+In her "Reminiscences" our mother records many vivid impressions of
+these Roman days. She had forgotten, or did not care to recall, a
+certain languor and depression of spirits which in some measure dimmed
+for her the brightness of the picture, but which were to give place to
+the highest joy she had yet known. On March 12, her first child was
+born, and was christened Julia Romana.
+
+There are neither journals nor letters of this period; the only record
+of it--from her hand--lies in two slender manuscript books of verse,
+marked respectively "1843" and "1844." In these volumes we trace her
+movements, sometimes by the title of a poem, as "Sailing," "The Ladies
+of Llangollen," "The Roman Beggar Boy," etc., sometimes by a single word
+written after the poem, "Berne," "Milan."
+
+From these poems we learn that she did not expect to survive the birth
+of her child; yet with that birth a new world opened before her.
+
+  He gave the Mother's chastened heart,
+  He gave the Mother's watchful eye,
+  He bids me live but where thou art,
+  And look with earnest prayer on high.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Then spake the angel of Mothers
+  To me in gentle tone:
+  "Be kind to the children of others
+  And thus deserve thine own!"
+
+When, in the spring of 1844, she left Rome with husband, sister, and
+baby, it seemed, she says, "like returning to the living world after a
+long separation from it."
+
+Journeying by way of Naples, Marseilles, Avignon, they came at length to
+Paris.
+
+Here Julia first saw Rachel, and Taglioni, the greatest of all dancers;
+here, too, she tried to persuade the Chevalier to wear his Greek
+decorations to Guizot's reception, but tried in vain, he considering
+such ornaments unfitting a republican.
+
+The autumn found them again in England, this time to learn the delights
+of country visiting. Their first visit was to Atherstone, the seat of
+Charles Nolte Bracebridge, a descendant of Lady Godiva, a most
+cultivated and delightful man. He and his charming wife made the party
+welcome, and showed them everything of interest except the family ghost,
+which remained invisible.
+
+Another interesting visit was to the Nightingales of Embley. Florence
+Nightingale was at this time a young woman of twenty-four. A warm
+friendship sprang up between her and our parents, and she felt moved to
+consult the Doctor on the matter which then chiefly occupied her
+thoughts. Would it, she asked, be unsuitable or unbecoming for a young
+Englishwoman to devote herself to works of charity, in hospitals and
+elsewhere, as the Catholic Sisters did?
+
+The Doctor replied: "My dear Miss Florence, it would be unusual, and in
+England whatever is unusual is apt to be thought unsuitable; but I say
+to you, go forward, if you have a vocation for that way of life; act up
+to your inspiration, and you will find that there is never anything
+unbecoming or unladylike in doing your duty for the good of others.
+Choose your path, go on with it, wherever it may lead you, and God be
+with you!"
+
+Among the people they met in the autumn of 1844 was Professor Fowler,
+the phrenologist. This gentleman examined Julia's head, and made the
+following pronunciamento:--
+
+"You're a deep one! it takes a Yankee to find you out. The intellectual
+temperament predominates in your character. You will be a central
+character like Henry Clay and Silas Wright, and people will group
+themselves around you."
+
+Now Julia could not abide Professor Fowler.
+
+"Oh, yes!" she snapped out angrily. "They've always been my models!"
+
+"The best things you do," he went on, "will be done on the spur of the
+moment. You have enough love of order to enjoy it, but you will not take
+the trouble to produce it. You have more religion than morality. You
+have genius, but no music in you by nature."
+
+Fifty years later these words were fresh in her memory.
+
+"I disliked Mr. Fowler extremely," she said, "and believed nothing of
+what he said; nevertheless, most of his predictions were verified. I had
+at the time no leading in any of the directions he indicated. I had been
+much shut up in personal and family life; was a person rather of
+antipathies than sympathies. His remarks made _no impression_. Yet," she
+added, "I always had a sense of _relation to the public_, but thought
+the connection would come through writing."
+
+Apropos of Mr. Fowler's "more religion than morality," she said:
+"Morality is a thing of the will; we may think differently of such
+matters at different times. What he said may have been true."
+
+Then the twinkle came into her eyes: "When Mr. William Astor heard of my
+engagement, he said, 'Why, Miss Julia, I am surprised! I thought you
+were too intellectual to marry!'"
+
+Another acquaintance of this autumn was the late Arthur Mills, who was
+through life one of our parents' most valued friends. He came to America
+with them; in his honor, during the voyage, Julia composed "The
+Milsiad," scribbling the lines day by day in a little note-book, still
+carefully preserved in the Mills family.
+
+The first and last stanzas give an idea of this poem, which, though
+never printed, was always a favorite with its author.
+
+ My heart fills
+ With the bare thought of the illustrious Mills:
+ That man of eyes and nose,
+ Of legs and arms, of fingers and of toes.
+
+        *       *       *       *       *
+
+ To lands devoid of tax
+ Goeth he not, armed with axe?
+ Trees shall he cut down,
+ And forests ever?
+ Tame cataracts with a frown?
+ Grin all the fish from Mississippi River?
+     (My style is grandiose,
+     Quite in the tone of Mills's nose.)
+
+        *       *       *       *       *
+
+ Harp of the West, through wind and foggy weather
+ We've sung our passage to our native land,
+ Now I have reached the terminus of tether,
+ And I must lay thee trembling from my hand.
+ That hand must ply the ignominious needle,
+ This mind brood o'er the salutary dish,
+ I must grow sober as a parish beadle,
+ And having fish to fry, must fry my fish.
+ Some happier muse than mine shall wake thy spell,
+ Harp of the West, oh Gemini! farewell!
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI
+
+SOUTH BOSTON
+
+1844-1851; _aet._ 25-32
+
+THE ROUGH SKETCH
+
+  A great grieved heart, an iron will,
+  As fearless blood as ever ran;
+  A form elate with nervous strength
+  And fibrous vigor,--all a man.
+
+  A gallant rein, a restless spur,
+  The hand to wield a biting scourge;
+  Small patience for the tasks of Time,
+  Unmeasured power to speed and urge.
+
+  He rides the errands of the hour,
+  But sends no herald on his ways;
+  The world would thank the service done,
+  He cannot stay for gold or praise.
+
+  Not lavishly he casts abroad
+  The glances of an eye intense,
+  And did he smile but once a year,
+  It were a Christmas recompense.
+
+  I thank a poet for his name,
+  The "Down of Darkness," this should be;
+  A child, who knows no risk it runs,
+  Might stroke its roughness harmlessly.
+
+  One helpful gift the Gods forgot,
+  Due to the man of lion-mood;
+  A Woman's soul, to match with his
+  In high resolve and hardihood.
+
+                                                         J. W. H.
+
+     The name of Laura Bridgman will long continue to suggest to the
+     hearer one of the most brilliant exploits of philanthropy, modern
+     or ancient. Much of the good that good men do soon passes out of
+     the remembrance of busy generations, each succeeding to each, with
+     its own special inheritance of labor and interest. But it will be
+     long before the world shall forget the courage and patience of the
+     man who, in the very bloom of his manhood, sat down to besiege this
+     almost impenetrable fortress of darkness and isolation, and, after
+     months of labor, carried within its walls the divine conquest of
+     life and of thought.
+
+                        J. W. H., _Memoir of Dr. Samuel G. Howe_.
+
+
+In September, 1844, the travellers returned to America and took up their
+residence at the Perkins Institution, in South Boston, in the apartment
+known as the "Doctor's Wing."
+
+At first, Laura Bridgman made one of the family, the Doctor considering
+her almost as an adopted child. His marriage had been something of a
+shock to her.
+
+"Does Doctor love me like Julia?" she asked her teacher anxiously.
+
+"No!"
+
+"Does he love God like Julia?"
+
+"Yes!"
+
+A pause: then--"God was kind to give him his wife!"
+
+She and Julia became much attached to each other, and were friends
+through life.
+
+Julia was now to realize fully the great change that had come in her
+life. She had been the acknowledged queen of her home and circle in New
+York. Up to this time, she had known Boston as a gay visitor knows it.
+
+She came now as the wife of a man who had neither leisure nor
+inclination for "_Society_"; a man of tenderest heart, but of dominant
+personality, accustomed to rule, and devoted to causes of which she knew
+only by hearsay; moreover, so absorbed in work for these causes, that he
+could only enjoy his home by snatches.
+
+She herself says: "The romance of charity easily interests the public.
+Its laborious details and duties repel and weary the many, and find
+fitting ministers only in a few spirits of rare and untiring
+benevolence. Dr. Howe, after all the laurels and roses of victory, had
+to deal with the thorny ways of a profession tedious, difficult, and
+exceptional. He was obliged to create his own working machinery, to
+drill and instruct his corps of teachers, himself first learning the
+secrets of the desired instruction. He was also obliged to keep the
+infant Institution fresh in the interest and goodwill of the public, and
+to give it a place among the recognized benefactions of the
+Commonwealth."
+
+From the bright little world of old New York, from relatives and
+friends, music and laughter, fun and frolic, she came to live in an
+Institution, a bleak, lofty house set on a hill, four-square to all the
+winds that blew; with high-studded rooms, cold halls paved with white
+and gray marble, echoing galleries; where three fourths of the inmates
+were blind, and the remaining fourth were devoting their time and
+energies to the blind. The Institution was two miles from Boston, where
+the friends of her girlhood lived: an unattractive district stretched
+between, traversed once in two hours by omnibuses, the only means of
+transport.
+
+Again, her life had been singularly free from responsibility. First her
+Aunt Francis, then her sister Louisa, had "kept house" in Bond Street;
+Julia had been a flower of the field, taking no thought for food or
+raiment; her sisters chose and bought her clothes, had her dresses made,
+and put them on her. Her studies, her music, her dreams, her
+compositions--and, it must be added, her suitors--made the world in
+which she lived. Now, life in its most concrete forms pressed upon her.
+The baby must be fed at regular intervals, and she must feed it; there
+must be three meals a day, and she must provide them; servants must be
+engaged, trained, directed, and all this she must do. Her thoughts
+soared heavenward; but now there was a string attached to them, and they
+must be pulled down to attend to the leg of mutton and the baby's cloak.
+
+This is one side of the picture; the other is different, indeed.
+
+Her girlhood had been shut in by locks and bars of Calvinistic piety;
+her friends and family were ready to laugh, to weep, to pray with her;
+they were not ready to think with her. It is true that surrounding this
+intimate circle was a wider one, where her mind found stimulus in
+certain directions. She studied German with Dr. Cogswell; she read Dante
+with Felice Foresti, the Italian patriot; French, Latin, music, she had
+them all. Her mind expanded, but her spiritual growth dates from her
+early visits to Boston.
+
+These visits had not been given wholly to gayety, even in the days when
+she wrote, after a ball: "I have been through the burning, fiery
+furnace, and it is Sad-rake, Me-sick, and Abed-no-go!" The friends she
+made, both men and women, were people alive and awake, seeking new
+light, and finding it on every hand. Moreover, at her side was now one
+of the torch-bearers of humanity, a spirit burning with a clear flame of
+fervor and resolve, lighting the dark places of the earth. Her mind,
+under the stimulus of these influences, opened like a flower; she too
+became one of the seekers for light, and in her turn one of the
+light-bringers.
+
+Among the poems of her early married life, none is more illuminating
+than the portrait of Dr. Howe, which heads this chapter. The concluding
+stanza gives a hint of the depression which accompanied her first
+realization of the driving power of his life, of the white-hot metal of
+his nature. She was caught up as it were in the wake of a comet, and
+whirled into new and strange orbits: what wonder that for a time she was
+bewildered? She had no thought, when writing "The Rough Sketch," that a
+later day was to find her soul indeed matched with his, "in high resolve
+and hardihood": that through her lips, as well as his, God was to sound
+forth a trumpet that should never call retreat.
+
+In her normal health she was a person of abounding vitality, with a
+constitution of iron: as is common with such temperaments, she felt a
+physical distaste to the abnormal and defective. It required in those
+days all the strength of her will to overcome her natural shrinking from
+the blind and the other defectives with whom she was often thrown. There
+is no clearer evidence of the development of her nature than the
+contrast between this mental attitude and the deep tenderness which she
+felt in her later years for the blind. After the Doctor's death, they
+became her cherished friends; she could never do enough for them; with
+every year her desire to visit the Perkins Institution, to talk with the
+pupils, to give them all she had to give, grew stronger and more lively.
+
+Of the friends of this time, none had so deep and lasting an influence
+over her as Theodore Parker, who had long been a close friend of the
+Doctor's. She had first heard of him in her girlhood, as an impious and
+sacrilegious person, to be shunned by all good Christians.
+
+In 1843 she met him in Rome, and found him "one of the most sympathetic
+and delightful of men"; an intimacy sprang up between the two families
+which ended only with Parker's life. He baptized the baby Julia; on
+returning to this country, she and the Doctor went regularly to hear him
+preach. This she always considered as among the great opportunities of
+her life.
+
+"I cannot remember," she says, "that the interest of his sermons ever
+varied for me. It was all one intense delight.... It was hard to go out
+from his presence, all aglow with the enthusiasm which he felt and
+inspired, and to hear him spoken of as a teacher of irreligion, a pest
+to the community."
+
+These were the days when it was possible for a minister of a Christian
+church, hearing of Parker's dangerous illness, to pray that God might
+remove him from the earth. To her, it seemed that "truly, he talked with
+God, and took us with him into the divine presence."
+
+Parker could play as well as preach; she loved to "make fun" with him.
+Witness her "Philosoph-Master and Poet-Aster" in "Passion Flowers."
+Parker's own powers of merrymaking appear in his Latin epitaph on "the
+Doctor" (who survived him by many years), which is printed in the
+"Letters and Journals of Samuel Gridley Howe."
+
+She used in later years to shake her head as she recalled a naughty
+_mot_ of hers apropos of Parker's preaching: "I would rather," she said,
+"hear Theodore Parker preach than go to the theatre; I would rather go
+to the theatre than go to a party; I would rather go to a party than
+stay at home!"
+
+A letter to her sister Annie shows the trend of her religious thought in
+these days.
+
+
+                                Sunday evening, December 8, 1844.
+
+DEAR ANNIE,--
+
+Do not let the Bishop or Uncle or any one frighten you into any
+concessions--tell them, and all others that, even if you agree with them
+in doctrine, you think their notion of a religious life narrow, false,
+superficial. You owe it to truth, to them, to yourself, to say so. I
+think perfect and fearless frankness one of our highest duties to _man_
+as well as to God. Only see how one half the world pragmatically sets
+its foot down, and says to the other half, "Be converted, my opinion is
+truth! I must be right and you must be wrong,"--while the other half
+timidly falters a reluctant acquiescence, or scarce audible expression
+of doubt, and continues troubled and afraid and discontented with itself
+and others. Let me never think of you as in this ignominious position,
+dear Annie. Do not think that I misapprehend you. I know you do not
+agree in doctrine with me, but I know too that you do not feel that you
+can abandon your life and conscience to the charge and guidance of such
+a man as Eastburn, or as Uncle Ben. Do not, therefore, be afraid of
+them, but let their censure be a very secondary thing with you--while
+your life is the true expression of your faith, whom can you fear? You
+are accountable to man for the performance of the duties which affect
+his welfare and well-being--for those which concern your own soul, you
+are accountable to God alone. A man, though with twenty surplices on his
+back and twenty prayer books in his hand, can no more condemn than he
+can save you.... There may be a hell and a heaven, and it may be good
+for most people, for you and me, too, if you choose to think that it is
+so. But there is a virtue which rises above such considerations--there
+are motives higher than personal fear or hope--the love of good because
+it is good, because it is God's and nature's law, because it is the
+secret of the beautiful order of things, because they are blessed by
+your virtuous deeds and pure thoughts--because every holy, every noble
+deed, word, or thought helps to build up the ruins of the world, and to
+elevate our degraded humanity. Those who propose to you hell and heaven
+as the great incentives to right, appeal merely to your natural love of
+personal advantage--those who hold up to you a God now frowning and
+indignant, now gracious and benignant, appeal simply to your natural
+cowardice, to your natural love of approbation. Does one love God for
+one's own advantage? One loves Him for His perfection, and if one loves
+Him, one keeps His commandments. Abandon, I pray you, the exploded
+formula of selfishness!... I think one should be capable of loving
+virtue, were one sure even that hell and not heaven would be its
+reward.
+
+The benedictions of the Sermon on the Mount are very simple--no
+raptures, no ecstasies are promised. Blessed are all that seek the good
+of others and the knowledge of truth--blessed, simply that in so doing
+they obey the law of God, imitate His character, and coming nearer and
+nearer to Him shall find Him more and more in their hearts. One word
+about Unitarians. It is very wrong to say that they reject the Bible,
+simply because they interpret it in a different manner from the
+(so-called) orthodox, or that they reject Christ, because they
+understand him in one way, and you in another--while they emulate his
+wonderful life, while they acknowledge his divine mission, and the
+divine power of his words, why should they be said to despise him?...
+
+
+During the years between 1843 and 1859, her life was from time to time
+shadowed by the approach of a great joy. Before the birth of each
+successive child she was oppressed by a deep and persistent melancholy.
+Present and future alike seemed dark to her; she wept for herself, but
+still more for the hapless infant which must come to birth in so
+sorrowful a world. With the birth of the child the cloud lifted and
+vanished. Sunshine and joy--and the baby--filled the world; the mother
+sang, laughed, and made merry.
+
+In her letters to her sisters, and later in her journals, both these
+moods are abundantly evident. At first, these letters are full of the
+bustle of arrival and of settling in the Institution.
+
+"I received the silver.... The soup-ladle is my delight, and I could
+almost take the dear old coffee-pot to bed with me.... But here is the
+most important thing.
+
+"MY TRAGEDY IS LEFT BEHIND!... My house ... in great confusion, carpets
+not down, curtains not up, the devil to pay, and not a sofa to ask him
+to sit down upon...."
+
+She now felt sadly the need of training in matters which her girlhood
+had despised. (She could describe every room in her father's house save
+one--the kitchen!) The Doctor liked to give weekly dinners to his
+intimates, "The Five of Clubs," and others. These dinners were something
+of a nightmare to Julia, even with the aid of Miss Catherine Beecher's
+cookbook. She spent weeks in studying this volume and trying her hand on
+its recipes. This was not what her hand was made for; yet she learned to
+make puddings, and was proud of her preserves.
+
+Speaking of the dinner parties, she tells of one for which she had taken
+special pains, and of which ice-cream, not then the food of every day,
+was to form the climax. The ice-cream did not come, and her pleasure was
+spoiled; she found it next morning in a snowbank outside the back door,
+where the messenger had "dumped" it without word or comment. "I should
+laugh at it now," she says, "but then I almost wept over it."
+
+Everything in the new life interested her, even the most prosaic
+details. She writes to her sister Louisa:
+
+"Our house has been enlivened of late by two delightful visits. The
+first was from the soap-fat merchant, who gave me thirty-four pounds of
+good soap for my grease. I was quite beside myself with joy, capered
+about in the most enthusiastic manner, and was going to hug in turn the
+soap, the grease, and the man, had I not remembered my future
+ambassadress-ship, and reflected that it would not sound well in
+history. This morning came the rag-man, who takes rags and gives nice
+tin vessels in exchange.... Both of these were clever transactions. Oh,
+if you had seen me stand by the soap-fat man, and scrutinize minutely
+his weights and measures, telling him again and again that it was
+beautiful grease, and he must allow me a good price for it--truly, I am
+a mother in Israel."
+
+
+Much as the Doctor loved the Perkins Institution, he longed for a home
+of his own, and in the spring of 1845 he found a place entirely to his
+mind.
+
+A few steps from the Institution was a plot of land, facing the sun,
+sheltered from the north wind by the last remaining bit of "Washington
+Heights," the eminence on which Washington planted the batteries which
+drove the British out of Boston. Some six acres of fertile ground, an
+old house with low, broad, sunny rooms, two towering Balm of Gilead
+trees, and some ancient fruit trees: this was all in the beginning; but
+the Doctor saw at a glance the possibilities of the place. He bought it,
+added one or two rooms to the old house, planted fruit trees, laid out
+flower gardens, and in the summer of 1845 moved his little family
+thither.
+
+The move was made on a lovely summer day. As our mother drove into the
+green bower, half shade, half sunshine, silent save for the birds, she
+cried out, "Oh! this is green peace!" The name fitted and clung: "_Green
+Peace_" was known and loved as such so long as it existed.
+
+This was the principal home of her married life, but it was not
+precisely an abiding one. The summers were spent elsewhere; moreover,
+the "Doctor's Wing" in the Institution was always ready for habitation,
+and it often happened that for one reason or another the family were
+taken back there for weeks or months. Two of the six children, Florence
+and Maud, were born at the Institution; the former just before the move
+to Green Peace. She was named Florence in honor of Miss Nightingale. The
+Doctor had ardently desired a son; finding the baby a girl, "I will
+forgive you," he cried, "if you will name her for Florence Nightingale!"
+Miss Nightingale became the child's godmother, sent a golden cup (now a
+precious heirloom), and wrote as follows:--
+
+
+                                             EMBLEY, December 26.
+
+I cannot pretend to express, my dear kind friends, how touched and
+pleased I was by such a remembrance of me as that of your child's
+name.... If I could live to justify your opinion of me, it would have
+been enough to have lived for, and such thoughts, as that of your
+goodness, are great thoughts, "strong to consume small troubles" which
+should bear us up on the wings of the Eagle, like Guido's Ganymede, up
+to the feet of the God, there to take what work he has for us to do for
+him. I shall hope to see my little Florence before long in this world,
+but if not, I trust there is a tie formed between us, which shall
+continue in Eternity--if she is like you, I shall know her again there,
+without her body on, perhaps the better for not having known her here
+with it.
+
+
+Letters to her sisters give glimpses of the life at Green Peace during
+the years 1845-50.
+
+
+                           _To her sister Louisa_
+
+... I assure you it is a delightful but a terrible thing to be a mother.
+The constant care, anxiety and thought of some possible evil that may
+come to the little creature, too precious to be so frail, whose life and
+well-being the mother feels God has almost placed in her hands! If I did
+not think that angels watched over my baby, I should be crazy about it.
+
+
+                                _To the same_
+
+My trouble has been Chev's illness.... He was taken ill the night of his
+return, and established himself next morning on the sofa, to be coddled
+with Cologne, and dieted with peaches and grapes, when lo, in an hour
+more, no coddling save that of (Dr.) Fisher, no _diet_ save ipecac and
+werry thin gruel--chills, nausea, and blue devils. Bradford to watch by
+night, Rosy and I by day; Fisher and I sympathizing deeply in holding
+the head of a perfectabilian philanthropist. I making myself active in a
+variety of ways, bathing Chev's eyes with cologne water by mistake
+instead of his brow, laying the pillow the wrong way, and being
+banished at last in disgrace, to make room for Rosa.
+
+Am I not the most unfortunate of human beings? Devil a bit! I enjoy all
+that I can--have I not milk for the baby, and the baby for milk? Cannot
+Julia make arrowroot pudding and cold custard? Can I not refresh myself
+by looking into Romana's sapphire eyes, with their deep dark fringe? Is
+there no balm in Gilead, is there no physician there? Yea, thou, oh
+Bradford, art the balm, thou, oh Fisher, art the physician! Food also is
+there for cachinnation, that chief duty of man--Quoth Chev this morning,
+lifting up his feeble voice and shaking his dizzy head: "Oh, oh, if I
+had fallen sick in New York, and old Francis had bled me, you would not
+have seen me again...."
+
+Florence's name is Florence Marion--pretty, _n'est-ce pas?_...
+
+                              Farewell, my own darling. Your
+                                                           JULES.
+
+Well, life _am_ strange! I am again cookless. I imprudently turned old
+Smith off and took a young girl, who left me in four days. Why? Her
+lover would not allow her to stay in a family where she did not sit at
+table with the lady. I had read of such things in Mrs. Trollope, and
+thought them quite impossible. In the place from which I took her, she
+had done all the cooking, washing and chamber work of the house--was, in
+fine the only servant, for the compensation of six dollars a month. But
+then, she sat at table!!! oh, ho!
+
+
+                            _To the same_
+
+                                    SOUTH BOSTON, April 21, 1845.
+
+... The weather here is so gloomy, that one really deserves credit for
+not hanging oneself!... I passed last evening with ----. Chev was going
+to a "'versary," left me there at about seven, and did not come for me
+until after ten. Consequence was, I got heartily tired of the whole
+family, and concluded that bright people without hearts were in the long
+run less agreeable than good gentle people without wits--glory on my
+soul, likewise also on my baby's soul, which I am!
+
+
+                         _To the same_[24]
+
+  [24] Louisa Ward married Thomas Crawford in 1844, and lived thereafter
+  in Rome.
+
+                                    SOUTH BOSTON, November, 1845.
+
+MY DARLING WEVIE,--
+
+The children have been so very obliging as to go to sleep, and having
+worried over them all day, and part of the evening, I will endeavor to
+give you what is left of it. When you become the mother of two children
+you will understand the value of time as you never understood it before.
+My days and nights are pretty much divided between Julia and Florence. I
+sleep with the baby, nurse her all night, get up, hurry through my
+breakfast, take care of her while Emily gets hers, then wash and dress
+her, put her to sleep, drag her out in the wagon, amuse Dudie, kiss,
+love and scold her, etc., etc.... Oh, my dear Wevie, for one good
+squeeze in your loving arms, for one kiss, and one smile from you, what
+would I not give? Anything, even my box of Paris finery, which I have
+just opened, with great edification. Oh, what headdresses! what silks!
+what a bonnet, what a mantelet! I clapped my hands and cried glory for
+the space of half an hour, then danced a few Polkas around the study
+table, then sat down and felt happy, then remembered that I had now
+nothing to do save to grow old and ugly, and so turned a misanthropic
+look upon the Marie Stuart garland, etc., etc. You have certainly chosen
+my things with your own perfect taste. The flowers and dresses are alike
+exquisite, and so are all the things, not forgetting Dudie's little
+darling bonnet. But I fear that even this beautiful toilette will hardly
+tempt me from my nursery fireside where my presence is, in these days,
+indispensable. I have not been ten minutes this whole day, without
+holding one or other of the children. I have to sit with Fo-fo on one
+knee and Dudie on the other, trotting them alternately, and singing,
+"Jim along Josie," till I can't Jim along any further possibly. Well,
+life is peculiar anyhow. Dudie doesn't go alone yet--heaven only knows
+when she will. _Sunday evening._ I wore the new bonnet and mantelet to
+church, to-day:--frightened the sexton, made the minister squint, and
+the congregation stare. It looked rather like a green clam shell, some
+folks thought. I did not. I cocked it as high as ever I could, but
+somehow it did plague me a little. I shall soon get used to it. Sumner
+has been dining with us, and he and Chev have been pitying unmarried
+women. Oh, my dear friends, thought I, if you could only have one baby,
+you would change your tune.... Heaven grant that your dear little child
+may arrive safely, and gladden your heart with its sweet face. What a
+new world will its birth open to you, an ocean of love unfathomed even
+by your loving heart. I cannot tell you the comfort I have in my little
+ones, troublesome as they sometimes are. However weary I may be at
+night, it is sweet to feel that I have devoted the day to them. I am
+become quite an adept in washing and dressing, and curl my little
+Fo-fo's hair beautifully. Tell Donald that I can even wash out the
+little crease in her back, without rubbing the skin off....
+
+
+                     _To her sister Annie_[25]
+
+  [25] Before the marriage of the latter to Adolphe Mailliard.
+
+                                                            1846.
+
+My poor dear little Ante-nuptial, I will write to you, and I will come
+to you, though I can do you no good--sentiment and sympathy I have none,
+but such insipidity as I have give I unto thee.... Dear Annie, your
+marriage is to me a grave and solemn matter. I hardly allow myself to
+think about it. God give you all happiness, dearest child. Some
+sufferings and trials I fear you must have, for after all, the entering
+into single combat, hand to hand, with the realities of life, will be
+strange and painful to one who has hitherto lived, enjoyed, and
+suffered, _en l'air_, as you have done.... To be happily married seems
+to me the best thing for a woman. Oh! my sweet Annie, may you be
+happy--your maidenhood has been pure, sinless, loving, beautiful--you
+have no remorses, no anxious thought about the past. You have lived to
+make the earth more beautiful and bright--may your married life be as
+holy and harmless--may it be more complete, and more acceptable to God
+than your single life could possibly have been. Marriage, like death, is
+a debt we owe to nature, and though it costs us something to pay it, yet
+are we more content and better _established_ in peace, when we have paid
+it. A young girl is a loose flower or flower seed, blown about by the
+wind, it may be cruelly battered, may be utterly blighted and lost to
+this world, but the matron is the same flower or seed planted, springing
+up and bearing fruit unto eternal life. What a comfort would Wevie now
+be to you--she is so much more _loving_ than I, but thee knows I try. I
+have been better lately, the quiet nights seem to speak to me again, and
+to quicken my dead soul. What I feel is a premature _old age_, caused by
+the strong passions and conflicts of my early life. It is the languor
+and indifference of old age, without its wisdom, or its well-earned
+right to repose. Sweetie, wasn't the bonnet letter hideous? I sent it
+that you might see how _naughty I could be_....
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The Doctor's health had been affected by the hardships and exposures of
+his service in the Greek Revolution, and his arduous labors now gave him
+little time for rest or recuperation. He was subject to agonizing
+headaches, each of which was a brief but distressing illness. In the
+summer of 1846 he resolved to try the water cure, then considered by
+many a sovereign remedy for all human ailments, and he and our mother
+spent some delightful weeks at Brattleboro, Vermont.
+
+
+                          _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                                  August 4, 1846.
+
+DEAREST WEVIE,--
+
+... We left dear old Brattleboro on Sunday afternoon, at five o'clock,
+serenely packed in our little carriage; the good old boarding-house
+woman kissed me, and presented me with a bundle, containing cake,
+biscuits, and whortleberries.... Two calico bags, one big and one
+little, contained our baggage for the journey. Chev and I felt well and
+happy, the children were good, the horses went like birds, and showed
+themselves horses of good mettle, by carrying us over a distance of one
+hundred miles in something less than two days, for we arrived here at
+three o'clock to-day, so that the second 24 hours was not completed.
+Very pleasant was our little journey. We started very early each
+morning, and went ten or twelve miles to becassim;[26] the country inns
+were clean, quiet and funny. We had custards, pickles, and pies for
+breakfast, and tea at dinner. Oh, it was a good time! At Athol, I found
+a piano, and sat down to sing negro songs for the children. A charming
+audience, comprising cook, ostler, and waiter, collected around the
+parlour door, and encouraged me with a broom and a pitchfork. Well, it
+was pleasant to arrive at our dear Green Peace, or Villa Julia, as they
+call it. We found everything in beautiful order, the green corn grown as
+high as our heads, and ripe enough to eat, the turkey sitting on eleven
+eggs, the peahen on four, six young turkeys already growing up, and two
+broods of young chickens.
+
+  [26] Breakfast.
+
+Peas, tomatoes, beans, squashes and potatoes, all flourishing. Our
+garden entirely supplies us with vegetables, and we shall have many
+apples and pears. Immediately upon my arrival, I found the box and
+little parcel from you. You may imagine the pleasure it gave me to
+receive, at this distance, things which your tasteful little fingers had
+worked.... I am rather ashamed to see how beautiful your work is, when
+mine is as coarse as possible. In truth, I am a clumsy seamstress, but I
+make good puddings, and the little things I make do well enough here in
+the country.... _August 15th._ I have passed eleven quiet and peaceful
+days since I got so far with my letter. My chicks have been good, and my
+husband well. My household affairs go on very pleasantly and easily
+nowadays. My good stout German girl takes care of the chicks and helps a
+little with the chamber work. My little Lizzie does the cooking, all but
+the puddings which I always make myself, so I keep but two house
+servants. The man takes care of the horses, drives and keeps the garden
+in excellent order. I make my bed and put my room in order as well as I
+can. I generally wipe the dishes when Lizzie has washed them, so you see
+that I am quite an industrious flea. I have made very nice raspberry jam
+and currant jelly with my own hands.... Felton came to tea last evening.
+He was pleasant and bright. He will be married some time in November.
+Hillard, too, has been to see me. Yesterday was made famous by the
+purchase of a very beautiful piano of Chickering's manufacture. The
+value of it was $450, but the kind Chick sold it to us at wholesale
+price. It arrived at Green Peace to-day, and has already gladdened the
+children's hearts by some gay tunes, the rags of my antiquated musical
+repertory. You will be glad, I am sure, to know that I have one at last,
+for I have been many months without any instrument, so that I have
+almost forgotten how to touch one.... My mourning [for a sister-in-law]
+has been quite an inconvenience to me, this summer. I had just spent all
+the money I could afford for my summer clothes, and was forced to spend
+$30 more for black dresses.... The black clothes, however, seem to me
+very idle things, and I shall leave word in my will that no one shall
+wear them for me....
+
+
+                          _To the same_
+
+                                        BORDENTOWN, August, 1846.
+
+... Sumner and Chev came hither with us, and passed two days and nights
+here. Chev is well and good. Sumner is as usual, funny but very good and
+kind. Philanthropy goes ahead, and slavery will be abolished, and so
+shall we. New York is full of engagements in which I feel no interest.
+John Astor and Augusta Gibbs are engaged, and are, I think, fairly well
+matched. One can only say that each is good enough for the other.
+
+These were the days when Julia sang in her nursery:
+
+  "Rero, rero, riddlety rad,
+  This morning my baby caught sight of her Dad,
+  Quoth she, 'Oh, Daddy, where have you been?'
+  'With Mann and Sumner a-putting down sin!'"
+
+
+                          _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                                 August 17, 1846.
+
+MY DEAR DARLING ANNIE,--
+
+... After seeing the frugal manner in which country people live, and
+after deriving great benefit from hydropathic diet, Chev and I thought
+we could get along with one servant less, and so we have no cook.
+Lizzie[27] cooks, I make the pudding, we have no tea, and live
+principally upon vegetables from our own garden, hasty pudding, etc. I
+make the beds and do the rooms, as well as I can. We get along quite
+comfortably, and I like it very much--the fewer servants one has, the
+more comfort, I think.... I have plenty of occupation for my fingers. My
+heart will be much taken up with my babies; as for my soul, that part of
+me which thinks and believes and imagines, I shall leave it alone till
+the next world, for I see it has little to do in this....
+
+                                      Good-bye. Your own, own
+
+                                                           DUDIE.
+
+  [27] The nurserymaid.
+
+
+                               _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                        BOSTON, December 1, 1846.
+
+Dearest old absurdity that you are, am I to write to you again? Is not
+my life full enough of business, of flannel petticoats, aprons, and the
+wiping of dirty little noses? Must I sew and trot babies and sing songs,
+and tell Mother Goose stories, and still be expected to know how to
+write? My fingers are becoming less and less familiar with the pen, my
+thoughts grow daily more insignificant and commonplace. What earthly
+good can my letters do to anyone? What interesting information can I
+impart to anyone? Not that I am not happy, very happy, but then I have
+quite lost the power of contributing to the amusement of others....
+
+
+                           _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                                    1845 or 1846.
+
+... I visited my Mother Otis[28] on Thursday evening, and had a pleasant
+time. I went alone, Chev being philanthropically engaged--party being
+over, I called for him at Mr. Mann's, but they were so happy over their
+report that they concluded to make a night of it, and I came home alone.
+Chev returned at one, quite intoxicated with benevolence....
+
+  [28] Mrs. Harrison Gray Otis.
+
+Finding that the isolation of South Boston was telling seriously upon
+her health and spirits, the Doctor decided on a change, and the winter
+of 1846 was spent at the Winthrop House in Boston.
+
+
+                            _To the same_
+
+                                            Monday morning, 1846.
+
+MY DEAREST, SWEETEST ANNIE,--
+
+... I have neglected you sadly this winter, and my heart reproaches me
+for it.... It has been strange to me, to return to life and to feel that
+I have any sympathy with living beings.... I have been singing and
+writing poetry, so you may know that I have been happy. Alas! am I not a
+selfish creature to prize these enjoyments as I do, above _almost_
+everything else in the world? God forgive me if I do wrong in following
+with ardor the strongest instincts of my nature, but I have been doing
+wrong all my life, in some way or other. I have been giving a succession
+of little musical parties on Saturday evenings, and I assure you they
+have been quite successful. I have to be sure only my little parlour in
+the Winthrop House, but even that is larger than the grand saloon at S.
+Niccolo da Tolentino which managed to hold so much fun on Friday
+evenings. I have found some musical friends to sing with me--Lizzie
+Cary, Mrs. Felton, Mr. Pelosos and William Story, of whom more anon....
+Agassiz, the learned and charming Frenchman, is also one of my
+_habitues_ on Saturday evenings, and Count Pourtales, a Swiss nobleman
+of good family, who has accompanied Agassiz to this country! I
+illuminate my room with a chandelier and some candles, draw out the
+piano into the room, and order some ice from Mrs. Mayer's--so that the
+reception gives me very little trouble. My friends come at half-past
+eight and stay until eleven. I do not usually have more than twenty
+people, but once I have had nearly sixty, and those of the best people
+in Boston. Chev is very desirous of having a house in town, and is far
+more pleased with my success than I am. My next party will be on the
+coming Saturday. It is for Lizzie Rice and Sam Guild who are just
+married. Am I not an enterprising little woman?... Dear Annie, I am
+anxious to be with you, that I may really know how you are, and talk
+over all the little matters with you.... I always feel that this
+suffering must be some expiation for all the follies of one's life,
+whereupon I will improvise a couplet upon the subject.
+
+  Woman, being of all critters the darn'dest,
+  Is made to suffer the consarn'dest.
+
+
+                      _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                                    May 17, 1847.
+
+MY SWEETEST BEAUTIFULLEST WEVIE,--
+
+... I have not written because I have been in a studious, meditative,
+and most uncommunicative frame of mind, and have very few words to throw
+at many dogs. It is quite delightful to take to study again, and to feel
+that old and stupid as one may be, there is still in one's mind a little
+power of improvement.... The longer I live the more do I feel my utter
+childlike helplessness about all practical affairs. Certainly a creature
+with such useless hands was never before seen. I seem to need a dry
+nurse quite as much as my children. What useful thing can I possibly
+teach these poor little monkeys? For everything that is not soul I am an
+ass, that I am. I have now been at Green Peace some six weeks, and it is
+very pleasant and quiet, but oh! the season is so backward; it is the
+17th of May, and the trees are only beginning to blossom. Every day
+comes a cold east wind to nip off my nose, and the devil a bit of
+anything else comes to Green Peace. I am thin and languid. I have never
+entirely recovered from my fever,[29] but my mind is clearer than it has
+ever been since my marriage. I am able to think, to study and to pray,
+things which I cannot accomplish when my brain is oppressed....
+
+  [29] She had had a severe attack of scarlet fever during the winter.
+
+Boston has been greatly enlivened during the past month by a really fine
+opera, the troupe from Havana, much better than the N. Y. troupe, with a
+fine orchestra and chorus, all Italians. The Prima Donna is an artist of
+the first order, and has an exquisite voice. I have had season tickets,
+and have been nearly every night. This is a great indulgence, as it is
+very expensive, and I have one of the best boxes in the house, but Chev
+is the most indulgent of husbands. I never knew anything like it. Think
+of all he allows me, a house and garden, a delicious carriage and pair
+of horses, etc., etc., etc. My children are coming on famously. Julia,
+or as she calls herself, Romana, is really a fine creature, full of
+sensibility and of talent. She learns very readily, and reasons about
+things with great gravity. She remembers every tune that she hears, and
+can sing a great many songs. She is very full of fun, and so is my sweet
+Flossy, my little flaxen-haired wax doll. I play for them on the piano,
+Lizzie beats the tambourine, and the two babies take hold of hands and
+dance. "Is not your heart fully satisfied with such a sight?" you will
+ask me. I reply, dear Wevie, that the soul whose desires are not fixed
+upon the unattainable is dead even while it liveth, and that I am glad,
+in the midst of all my comforts, to feel myself still a pilgrim in
+pursuit of something that is neither house nor lands, nor children, nor
+health. What that something is I scarce know. Sometimes it seems to me
+one thing and sometimes another. Oh, immortality, thou art to us but a
+painful rapture, an ecstatic burthen in this earthly life. God teach me
+to bear thee until thou shalt bear me! The arms of the cross will one
+day turn into angels' wings, and lift us up to heaven. Don't think from
+this rhapsody that I am undergoing a fit of pietistic exaltation. I am
+not, but as I grow older, many things become clearer to me, and I feel
+at once the difficulty and the necessity of holding fast to one's soul
+and to its divine relationships, lest the world should cheat us of it
+utterly.
+
+
+                         _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                     June 19 [1847], GREEN PEACE.
+
+MY DEAREST LITTLE ANNIE,--
+
+... Boston has been in great excitement at the public debates of the
+Prison Discipline Society, which have been intensely interesting. Chev
+and Sumner have each spoken twice, in behalf of the Philadelphia system,
+and against the course of the Society. They have been furiously attacked
+by the opposite party. Chev's second speech drew tears from many eyes,
+and was very beautiful. Both of Sumner's have been fine, but the last,
+delivered last evening, was _masterly_. I never listened to anything
+with more intense interest,--he held the audience breathless for two
+hours and a half. I have attended all the debates save one--there have
+been seven.
+
+
+                        _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                                    July 1, 1847.
+
+MY DEAREST OLD WEVIE,--
+
+I should have written you yesterday but that I was obliged to entertain
+the whole Club[30] at dinner, prior to Hillard's departure. I gave them
+a neat little dinner, soup, salmon, sweetbreads, roast lamb and pigeon,
+with green peas, potatoes _au maitre d'hotel_, spinach and salad. Then
+came a delicious pudding and blanc-mange, then strawberries, pineapple,
+and ice-cream, then coffee, etc. We had a pleasant time upon the whole.
+That is, they had; for myself it is easy to find companions more
+congenial than the Club. Still, I like them very well. I had last week a
+little meeting of the _mutual correction_ club, which was far pleasanter
+to me. This society is organized as follows: Julia Howe, grand universal
+philosopher; Jane Belknap, charitable censor; Mary Ward, moderator;
+Sarah Hale, optimist. I had them all to dinner and we were jolly, I do
+assure you. My children looked so lovely yesterday, in muslin dresses of
+bright pink plaid, made very full and reaching only to the knee, with
+pink ribbands in their sleeves....
+
+  [30] The Five of Clubs. See _ante_.
+
+How I do wish for you this summer. My little place is so green, my
+flowers so sweet, my strawberries so delicious--the garden produces six
+quarts or more a day. The cow gives delicious cream. I even make a sort
+of cream cheese which is not by any means to be despised. Do you eat
+_ricotta_ nowadays? Chev gave me a little French dessert set yesterday,
+which made my table look so pretty. White with very rich blue and gold.
+Oh, but it was bunkum! Dear old Wevie, you must give me one summer, and
+then I will give you a winter--isn't that fair? Chev promises to take me
+abroad in five years, if we should sell Green Peace well. They talk of
+moving the Institution, in which case I should have to leave my pretty
+Green Peace in two years more, but I should be sad to leave it, for it
+is very lovely. I don't know any news at all to communicate. The
+President[31] has just made a visit here; he was coolly but civilly
+received. His whole course has been very unpopular in Massachusetts, and
+nobody wanted to see the man who had brought this cursed Mexican War
+upon us. He was received by the Mayor with a brief but polite address,
+lodgings were provided for him, and a dinner given him by the city. But
+there was no crowd to welcome him, no shouts, no waving of
+handkerchiefs. The people quietly looked at him and said, "This is our
+chief magistrate, is it? Well, he is _tres peu de chose_." I of course
+did not trouble myself to go and see him.... I send you an extract from a
+daily paper. Can you tell me who is the authoress? It has been much
+admired. Uncle John was very much tickled to see _somebody_ in print.
+Try it again, Blue Jacket.
+
+  [31] James K. Polk.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The wayward moods shown in these letters sometimes found other
+expression. In those days her wit was wayward too: its arrows were
+always winged, and sometimes over-sharp. In later life, when Boston and
+everything connected with it was unspeakably dear to her, she would not
+recall the day when, passing on Charles Street the Charitable Eye and
+Ear Infirmary, she read the name aloud and exclaimed, "Oh! I did not
+know there was a charitable eye or ear in Boston!" Or that other day,
+when having dined with the Ticknors, a family of monumental dignity, she
+said to a friend afterward, "Oh! I am so cold! I have been dining with
+the _Tete Noir_, the _Mer(e) de Glace_, and the _Jungfrau_!"
+
+It may have been in these days that an incident occurred which she thus
+describes in "A Plea for Humour": "I once wrote to an intimate friend a
+very high-flown and ridiculous letter of reproof for her frivolity. I
+presently heard of her as ill in bed, in consequence of my unkindness. I
+immediately wrote, 'Did not you see that the whole thing was intended to
+be a burlesque?' After a while she wrote back, 'I am just beginning to
+see the fun of it, but the next time you intend to make a joke, pray
+give me a fortnight's notice.' It was now my turn to take to my bed."
+
+In September, 1847, a heavy sorrow came to her in the death of her
+brother Marion, "a gallant, gracious boy, a true, upright and useful
+man." She writes to her sister Louisa: "Let us thank Him that Marion's
+life gave us as much joy as his death has given us pain.... Our children
+will grow up in love and beauty, and one of us will have a sweet boy who
+shall bear the dear name of Marion and make it doubly dear to us."
+
+This prophecy was fulfilled first by the birth, on March 2, 1848, of
+Henry Marion Howe (named for the two lost brothers), and again in 1854
+by that of Francis Marion Crawford.
+
+The winter of 1847-48 was also spent in Boston, at No. 74 Mount Vernon
+Street; here the first son was born. The Doctor, recording his birth in
+the Family Bible, wrote after the name, "_Dieu donne!_" And, his mind
+full of the Revolution of 1848 in France, added, "_Liberte, Egalite,
+Fraternite!_"
+
+On April 18 she writes: "My boy will be seven weeks old to-morrow, and
+... such a darling little child was never seen in this world before....
+I shall have some fears lest his temperament partake of the melancholy
+which oppressed me during the period of his _creation_, but so far he is
+so placid and gentle, that we call him the little saint.... I have seen
+little of the world since his birth, and thought still less. I shall try
+to pursue my studies as I have through this last year, for I am good for
+nothing without them. I will rather give up the world and cut out Beacon
+Street, but an hour or two for the cultivation of my poor little soul I
+must and will have...."
+
+
+                         _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                                          [1848.]
+
+DEAREST ANNIE,--
+
+... My literary reputation is growing apace. Mr. Buchanan Read has
+written to me from Philadelphia to beg some poetry for a book he is
+about to publish, and I am going to hunt up some trash for him in the
+course of the week. I find that my name has been advertised in relation
+to Griswold's book[32]--people come to ask Chev if _that_ Mrs. Howe is
+his wife. I feel as if I should make a horribly shabby appearance. Do
+tell me if Griswold liked the poems....
+
+  [32] _Female Poets of America._
+
+
+                             _To the same_
+
+                                       Sunday, December 15, 1849.
+
+... I do want to see you, best Annie, and to have a few long talks with
+you about theology, the soul, the heart, life, matrimony, and the points
+of resemblance between the patriarch Noah and Sir Tipsy Squinteye. Those
+talks, madam, are not to be had, so instead of the rich _creme fouettee_
+of our conversation, we will take an insipid water-ice of a letter
+together, the two spoons being ourselves, the sugar, ice and lemon
+representing our three husbands, all mixed up together, the whole to be
+considered good when one can't get anything better. I will be hanged,
+however, if you shall make me say which is which.
+
+I pass my life after a singular manner, Annie. I am in the old room, in
+the old house, even in the old dressing-gown, which is of some value,
+inasmuch as it furnishes my _rent_. I am in the old place, but the old
+Dudie is not in me; in her stead is a spirit of crossness and dullness,
+insensible to all the gentler influences of life, knowing no music,
+poetry, wit, or devotion, intent mainly upon holding on to the ropes,
+and upon getting through the present without too much consciousness of
+it.... All society has been paralyzed by the shocking murder of Dr.
+Parkman. There has perhaps never been in Boston so horrible and
+atrocious an affair. The details of the crime are too heart-sickening to
+be dwelt upon. There can scarcely be a doubt of the guilt of Dr.
+Webster--the jury of inquest have returned a verdict of guilty, but he
+has still a chance for his life, as his trial in court does not come on
+for some months. The wisest people say that he will be convicted and
+hanged. I saw Dr. Parkman two or three days before he was missing--he
+was an old friend of Chev's.... I have not been able to see much
+company, yet we have had a few pleasant people at the house, now and
+then. Among these, a Mr. Twisleton, brother of Lord Saye and Sele, the
+most agreeable John Bull I have seen this many a day, or indeed ever....
+
+
+The winter of 1849-50 was also spent at No. 74 Mount Vernon Street.
+Here, in February, 1850, a third daughter was born, and named Laura for
+Laura Bridgman. In the spring, our parents made a second voyage to
+Europe, taking with them the two youngest children, Julia Romana and
+Florence being left in the household of Dr. Edward Jarvis.
+
+They spent some weeks in England, renewing the friendships made seven
+years before; thence they journeyed to Paris, and from there to Boppart,
+where the Doctor took the water cure. Julia seems to have been too busy
+for letter-writing during this year; the Doctor writes to Charles Sumner
+of the beauty of Boppart, and adds: "Julia and I have been enjoying
+walks upon the banks of the Rhine, and rambles upon the hillside, and
+musings among the ruins, and jaunts upon the waters as we have enjoyed
+nothing since we left home."
+
+He had but six months' leave of absence; it was felt by both that Julia
+needed a longer time of rest and refreshment; accordingly when he
+returned she, with the two little children, joined her sisters, both
+now married, and the three proceeded to Rome, where they spent the
+winter.
+
+Mrs. Crawford was living at Villa Negroni, where Mrs. Mailliard became
+her companion; Julia found a comfortable apartment in Via Capo le Case,
+with the Edward Freemans on the floor above, and Mrs. David Dudley Field
+on that below.
+
+These were pleasant neighbors. Mrs. Freeman was Julia's companion in
+many delightful walks and excursions; when Mrs. Field had a party, she
+borrowed Mrs. Howe's large lamp, and was ready to lend her tea-cups in
+return. There was a Christmas tree--the first ever seen in Rome!--at
+Villa Negroni; "an occasional ball, a box at the opera, a drive on the
+Campagna."
+
+Julia found a learned Rabbi from the Ghetto, and resumed the study of
+Hebrew, which she had begun the year before in South Boston. This
+accomplished man was obliged to wear the distinctive dress then imposed
+upon the Jews of Rome, and to be within the walls of the Ghetto by six
+in the evening. There were private theatricals, too, she appearing as
+"Tilburina" in "The Critic."
+
+Among the friends of this Roman winter none was so beloved as Horace
+Binney Wallace. He was a Philadelphian, a _rosso_. He held that "the
+highest effort of nature is to produce a _rosso_"; he was always in
+search of the favored tint either in pictures or in living beings.
+Together the two _rossi_ explored the ancient city, with mutual pleasure
+and profit.
+
+Some years later, on hearing of his death, she recalled these days of
+companionship in a poem called "Via Felice,"[33] which she sang to an
+air of her own composition. The poem appeared in "Words for the Hour,"
+and is one of the tenderest of her personal tributes:--
+
+  For Death's eternal city
+  Has yet some happy street;
+  'Tis in the Via Felice
+  My friend and I shall meet.
+
+  [33] Formerly part of the Via Sistina.
+
+In the summer of 1851 she turned her face westward. The call of husband,
+children, home, was imperative; yet so deep was the spell which Rome had
+laid upon her that the parting was fraught with "pain, amounting almost
+to anguish." She was oppressed by the thought that she might never again
+see all that had grown so dear. Looking back upon this time, she says,
+"I have indeed seen Rome and its wonders more than once since that time,
+but never as I saw them then."
+
+The homeward voyage was made in a sailing-vessel, in company with Mr.
+and Mrs. Mailliard. They were a month at sea. In the long quiet mornings
+Julia read Swedenborg's "Divine Love and Wisdom"; in the afternoons
+Eugene Sue's "_Mysteres de Paris_," borrowed from a steerage passenger.
+There was whist in the evening; when her companions had gone to rest she
+would sit alone, thinking over the six months, weaving into song their
+pleasures and their pains. The actual record of this second Roman winter
+is found in "Passion Flowers."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII
+
+"PASSION FLOWERS"
+
+1852-1858; _aet._ 33-39
+
+ROUGE GAGNE
+
+  The wheel is turned, the cards are laid;
+  The circle's drawn, the bets are made:
+  I stake my gold upon the red.
+
+  The rubies of the bosom mine,
+  The river of life, so swift divine,
+  In red all radiantly shine.
+
+  Upon the cards, like gouts of blood,
+  Lie dinted hearts, and diamonds good,
+  The red for faith and hardihood.
+
+  In red the sacred blushes start
+  On errand from a virgin heart,
+  To win its glorious counterpart.
+
+  The rose that makes the summer fair,
+  The velvet robe that sovereigns wear,
+  The red revealment could not spare.
+
+  And men who conquer deadly odds
+  By fields of ice, and raging floods,
+  Take the red passion from the gods.
+
+  Now, Love is red, and Wisdom pale,
+  But human hearts are faint and frail
+  Till Love meets Love, and bids it hail.
+
+  I see the chasm, yawning dread;
+  I see the flaming arch o'erhead:
+  I stake my life upon the red.
+
+                                         J. W. H.
+
+
+We have seen that from her earliest childhood Julia Ward's need of
+expressing herself in verse was imperative. Every emotion, deep or
+trivial, must take metrical shape; she laughed, wept, prayed--even
+stormed, in verse.
+
+Walking with her one day, her sister Annie, always half angel, half
+sprite, pointed to an object in the road. "Dudie dear," she said;
+"squashed frog! little verse, dear?"
+
+We may laugh with the two sisters, but under the laughter lies a deep
+sense of the poet's nature.
+
+As in her dreamy girlhood she prayed--
+
+  "Oh! give me back my golden lyre!"--
+
+so in later life she was to pray--
+
+  "On the Matron's time-worn mantle
+  Let the Poet's wreath be laid."
+
+The tide of song had been checked for a time; after the second visit to
+Rome, it flowed more freely than ever. By the winter of 1853-54, a
+volume was ready (the poems chosen and arranged with the help of James
+T. Fields), and was published by Ticknor and Fields under the title of
+"Passion Flowers."
+
+No name appeared on the title-page; she had thought to keep her
+_incognito_, but she was recognized at once as the author, and the book
+became the literary sensation of the hour. It passed rapidly through
+three editions; was, she says, "much praised, much blamed, and much
+called in question."
+
+She writes to her sister Annie:--
+
+"The history of all these days, beloved, is comprised in one phrase, the
+miseries of proof-reading. Oh, the endless, endless plague of looking
+over these proof-sheets--the doubts about phrases, rhymes, and
+expressions, the perplexity of names, especially, in which I have not
+been fortunate. To-morrow I get my last proof. Then a fortnight must be
+allowed for drying and binding. Then I shall be out, fairly out, do you
+hear? So far my secret has been pretty well kept. My book is to bear a
+simple title without my name, according to Longfellow's advice.
+Longfellow has been reading a part of the volume in sheets. He says it
+will make a sensation.... I feel much excited, quite unsettled,
+sometimes a little frantic. If I succeed, I feel that I shall be humbled
+by my happiness, devoutly thankful to God. Now, I will not write any
+more about it."
+
+The warmest praise came from the poets,--the "high, impassioned few" of
+her "Salutatory." Whittier wrote:--
+
+                                       AMESBURY, 29th, 12 mo. 53.
+
+MY DEAR FR'D,--
+
+A thousand thanks for thy volume! I rec'd it some days ago, but was too
+ill to read it. I glanced at "Rome," "Newport and Rome," and they
+excited me like a war-trumpet. To-day, with the wild storm drifting
+without, my sister and I have been busy with thy book, and basking in
+the warm atmosphere of its flowers of passion. It is a great book--it
+has placed thee at the head of us all. I like its noble aims, its scorn
+and hate of priestcraft and Slavery. It speaks out bravely, beautifully
+all I have _felt_, but could not express, when contemplating the
+condition of Europe. God bless thee for it!
+
+I owe an apology to Dr. Howe, if not to thyself, for putting into
+verse[34] an incident of his early life which a friend related to me.
+When I saw his name connected with it, in some of the papers that copied
+it, I felt fearful that I had wounded, perhaps, the feelings of one I
+love and honor beyond almost any other man, by the liberty I have taken.
+I can only say I could not well help it--a sort of necessity was before
+me, to say what I did.
+
+  [34] "The Hero." See Whittier's _Poems_.
+
+I wish I _could_ tell thee how glad thy volume has made me. I have
+marked it all over with notes of admiration. I dare say it has faults
+enough, but thee need not fear on that account. It has beauty enough to
+save thy "slender neck" from the axe of the critical headsman. The
+veriest "de'il"--as Burns says--"wad look into thy face and swear he
+could na wrang thee."
+
+With love to the Doctor and thy lovely little folk,
+
+I am
+                           Very sincerely thy friend,
+                                                JOHN G. WHITTIER.
+
+
+Emerson wrote:--
+
+                                   CONCORD, MASS., 30 Dec., 1853.
+DEAR MRS. HOWE,--
+
+I am just leaving home with much ado of happy preparation for an absence
+of five weeks, but must take a few moments to thank you for the
+happiness your gift brings me. It was very kind in you to send it to me,
+who have forfeited all apparent claims to such favor, by breaking all
+the laws of good neighborhood in these years. But you were entirely
+right in sending it, because, I fancy, that among all your friends, few
+had so earnest a desire to know your thoughts, and, I may say, so much
+regret at never seeing you, as I. And the book, as I read in it, meets
+this curiosity of mine, by its poems of character and confidence,
+private lyrics, whose air and words [are] all your own. I have not gone
+so far in them as to have any criticism to offer you, and like better
+the pure pleasure I find in a new book of poetry so warm with life.
+Perhaps, when I have finished the book, I shall ask the privilege of
+saying something further. At present I content myself with thanking you.
+
+                                    With great regard,
+                                                   R. W. EMERSON.
+
+
+Oliver Wendell Holmes, always generous in his welcome to younger
+writers, sent the following poem, never before printed:--
+
+  If I were one, O Minstrel wild.
+    That held "the golden cup"
+  Not unto thee, Art's stolen child,
+    My hand should yield it up;
+
+  Why should I waste its gold on one
+    That holds a guerdon bright--
+  A chalice, flashing in the sun
+    Of perfect chrysolite.
+
+  And shaped on such a swelling sphere
+    As if some God had pressed
+  Its flowing crystal, soft and clear
+    On Hebe's virgin breast?
+
+  What though the bitter grapes of earth
+    Have mingled in its wine?
+  The stolen fruits of heavenly birth
+    Have made its hue divine.
+
+  Oh, Lady, there are charms that win
+    Their way to magic bowers,
+  And they that weave them enter in
+    In spite of mortal powers;
+
+  And hearts that seek the chapel's floor
+    Will throb the long aisle through,
+  Though none are waiting at the door
+    To sprinkle holy dew!
+
+  I, sitting in the portal gray
+    Of Art's cathedral dim,
+  Can see thee, passing in to pray
+    And sing thy first-born hymn;--
+
+  Hold out thy hand! these scanty drops
+    Come from a hallowed stream,
+  Its sands, a poet's crumbling hopes,
+    Its mists, his fading dream.
+
+  Pass on. Around the inmost shrine
+    A few faint tapers burn;
+  This altar, Priestess, shall be thine
+    To light and watch in turn;
+
+  Above it smiles the Mother Maid,
+    It leans on Love and Art,
+  And in its glowing depth is laid
+    The first true woman's heart!
+
+                                                         O. W. H.
+
+BOSTON, Jan. 1, 1854.
+
+This tribute from the beloved Autocrat touched her deeply, the more so
+that in the "Commonwealth"[35] she had recently reviewed some of his
+own work rather severely. She made her acknowledgment in a poem entitled
+"A Vision of Montgomery Place,"[36] in which she pictures herself as a
+sheeted penitent knocking at Dr. Holmes's door.
+
+  [35] The _Commonwealth_ was a daily newspaper published in the
+  Anti-Slavery interest. Dr. Howe was one of its organizers, and for some
+  time its editor-in-chief. She says, "Its immediate object was to reach
+  the body politic which distrusted rhetoric and oratory, but which sooner
+  or later gives heed to dispassionate argument and the advocacy of plain
+  issues." She helped the Doctor in his editorial work, and enjoyed it
+  greatly, writing literary and critical articles, while he furnished the
+  political part.
+
+  [36] Printed in _Words for the Hour_, 1857.
+
+  I was the saucy Commonwealth:
+  Oh! help me to repent.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Behind my embrasure well-braced,
+  With every chance to hit,
+  I made your banner, waving wide,
+  A mark for wayward wit.
+
+  'Twas now my turn to walk the street,
+  In dangerous singleness,
+  And run, as bravely as I might,
+  The gauntlet of the press.
+
+  And when I passed your balcony
+  Expecting only blows,
+  From height or vantage-ground, you stooped
+  To whelm me with a rose.
+
+  A rose, intense with crimson life
+  And hidden perfume sweet--
+  Call out your friends, and see me do
+  My penance in the street.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+She writes her sister Annie:--
+
+"My book came out, darling, on Friday last. You have it, I hope, ere
+this time. The simple title, 'Passion Flowers,' was invented by
+Scherb[37] and approved by Longfellow. Its success became certain at
+once. Hundreds of copies have already been sold, and every one likes it.
+Fields foretells a second edition--it is sure to pay for itself. It has
+done more for me, in point of consideration here, than a fortune of a
+hundred thousand dollars. Parker quoted some of my verses in his
+Christmas sermon, and this I considered as the greatest of honors. I sat
+there and heard them, glowing all over. The authorship is, of course, no
+secret now...."
+
+  [37] A German scholar, at this time an _habitue_ of the house.
+
+Speaking of the volume long after, she says, "It was a timid performance
+upon a slender reed."
+
+Three years later a second volume of verse was published by Ticknor and
+Fields under the title of "Words for the Hour." Of this, George William
+Curtis wrote, "It is a better book than its predecessor, but will
+probably not meet with the same success."
+
+She had written plays ever since she was nine years old. In 1857, the
+same year which saw the publication of "Words for the Hour," she
+produced her first serious dramatic work, a five-act drama entitled "The
+World's Own." It was performed in New York at Wallack's Theatre, and in
+Boston with Matilda Heron and the elder Sothern in the leading parts.
+She notes that one critic pronounced the play "full of literary merits
+and of dramatic defects"; and she adds, "It did not, as they say, 'keep
+the stage.'"
+
+Yet her brother Sam writes to her from New York: "Lenore still draws the
+best houses; there was hardly standing room on Friday night"; and again:
+"Mr. Russell went last night, a second time, bought the libretto, which
+I send you by this mail--declares that there is not a grander play in
+our language. He says that it is full of dramatic vigor, that the
+interest never flags--but that unhappily Miss H., with the soul and
+self-abandonment of a great actress, lacks those graces of elocution,
+which should set forth the beauties of your verses."
+
+Some of the critics blamed the author severely for her choice of a
+subject--the betrayal and abandonment of an innocent girl by a villain;
+they thought it unfeminine, not to say indelicate, for a woman to write
+of such matters.
+
+At that time nothing could be farther from her thoughts than to be
+classed with the advocates of Women's Rights as they then appeared; yet
+in "The World's Own" are passages which show that already her heart
+cherished the high ideal of her sex, for which her later voice was to be
+uplifted:--
+
+  I think we call them Women, who uphold
+  Faint hearts and strong, with angel countenance;
+  Who stand for all that's high in Faith's resolve,
+  Or great in Hope's first promise.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Ev'n the frail creature with a moment's bloom,
+  That pays your pleasure with her sacrifice,
+  And, having first a marketable price,
+  Grows thenceforth valueless,--ev'n such an one,
+  Lifted a little from the mire, and purged
+  By hands severely kind, will give to view
+  The germ of all we honor, in the form
+  Of all that we abhor. You fling a jewel
+  Where wild feet tramp, and crushing wheels go by;
+  You cannot tread the splendor from its dust;
+  So, in the shattered relics, shimmers yet
+  Through tears and grime, the pride of womanhood.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+We must not forget the Comic Muse. Comparatively little of her humorous
+verse is preserved; she seldom thought it important enough to make two
+copies, and the first draft was often lost or given away. The following
+was written in the fifties, when Wulf Fries was a young and much-admired
+musician in Boston. Miss Mary Bigelow had invited her to her house "at
+nine o'clock" to hear him play, meaning nine in the morning. She took
+this for nine in the evening; the rest explains itself:--
+
+  Miss Mary Big'low, you who seem
+      So debonair and kind,
+  Pray, what the devil do you mean
+      (If I may speak my mind)
+
+  By asking me to come and hear
+      That Wulf of yours a-Friesing,
+  Then leaving me to cool my heels
+      In manner so unpleasing?
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  With Mrs. Dr. Susan you
+      That eve, forsooth, were tea-ing:
+  Confess you knew that I should come,
+      And from my wrath were fleeing!
+
+  To Mrs. Dr. Susan's I
+      Had not invited been:
+  So when the maid said, "Best go there!"
+      I answered, "Not so green!"
+
+  Within the darksome carriage hid
+      I bottled up my beauty,
+  And, rather foolish, hurried home
+      To fireside and duty.
+
+  It's very pleasant, _you_ may think,
+      On winter nights to roam;
+  But when you next invite abroad,
+      _This_ wolf will freeze at home!
+
+While she was pouring out her heart in poem and play, and the Doctor was
+riding the errands of the hour and binding up the wounds of Humanity,
+what, it may be asked,--it _was_ asked by anxious friends,--was becoming
+of the little Howes? Why, the little Howes (there were now five, Maud
+having been born in November, 1854) were having perhaps the most
+wonderful childhood that ever children had. Spite of the occasional
+winters spent in town, our memories centre round Green Peace;--there
+Paradise blossomed for us. Climbing the cherry trees, picnicking on the
+terrace behind the house, playing in the bowling-alley, tumbling into
+the fishpond,--we see ourselves here and there, always merry, always
+vigorous and robust. We were also studying, sometimes at school,
+sometimes with our mother, who gave us the earliest lessons in French
+and music; more often, in those years, under various masters and
+governesses. The former were apt to be political exiles, the Doctor
+always having many such on hand, some learned, all impecunious, all
+seeking employment. We recall a Pole, a Dane, two Germans, one
+Frenchman. The last, poor man, was married to a Smyrniote woman with a
+bad temper; neither spoke the other's language, and when they quarrelled
+they came to the Doctor, demanding his services as interpreter.
+
+Through successive additions, the house had grown to a goodly size; the
+new part, with large, high-studded rooms, towering above the ancient
+farmhouse, which nevertheless seemed always the heart of the place.
+Between the two was a conservatory, a posy of all sweet flowers: the
+large greenhouse was down in the garden, under the same roof as the
+bowling-alley.
+
+The pears and peaches and strawberries of Green Peace were like no
+others that ever ripened; we see ourselves tagging at our father's
+heels, watching his pruning and grafting with an absorption equalling
+his own, learning from him that there must be honor in gardens as
+elsewhere, and that fruit taken from his hand was sweet, while stolen
+fruit would be bitter.
+
+We see ourselves gathered in the great dining-room, where the grand
+piano was, and the Gobelin carpet with the strange beasts and fishes,
+bought at the sale of the ex-King Joseph Bonaparte's furniture at
+Bordentown, and the Snyders' Boar Hunt, which one of us could never pass
+without a shiver; see ourselves dancing to our mother's
+playing,--wonderful dances, invented by Flossy, who was always _premiere
+danseuse_, and whose "Lady Macbeth" dagger dance was a thing to
+remember.
+
+Then perhaps the door would open, and in would come "Papa" as a bear, in
+his fur overcoat, growling horribly, and chase the dancers into corners,
+they shrieking terrified delight.
+
+Again, we see ourselves clustered round the piano while our mother sang
+to us; songs of all nations, from the Polish drinking-songs that Uncle
+Sam had learned in his student days in Germany, down to the Negro
+melodies which were very near our hearts.
+
+Best of all, however, we loved her own songs: cradle-songs and nursery
+nonsense made for our very selves--
+
+  "(Sleep, my little child.
+  So gentle, sweet and mild!
+  The little lamb has gone to rest,
+  The little bird is in its nest,--"
+
+"Put in the donkey!" cries Laura. The golden voice goes on without a
+pause--
+
+  "The little donkey in the stable
+  Sleeps as sound as he is able;
+  All things now their rest pursue,
+  You are sleepy too!)"
+
+Again, she would sing passionate songs of love or battle, or hymns of
+lofty faith and aspiration. One and all, we listened eagerly; one and
+all, we too began to see visions and dream dreams.
+
+Now and then, the Muse and Humanity had to stand aside and wait while
+the children had a party; such a party as no other children ever had.
+What wonder, when both parents turned the full current of their power
+into this channel?
+
+Our mother writes of one such festival:--
+
+"My guests arrived in omnibus loads at four o'clock. My notes to parents
+concluded with the following P.S.: 'Return-omnibus provided, with
+insurance against plum-cake and other accidents.' A donkey carriage
+afforded great amusement out of doors, together with swing,
+bowling-alley, and the Great Junk. While all this was going on, the
+H.'s, J. S., and I prepared a theatrical exhibition, of which I had made
+a hasty outline. It was the story of 'Blue Beard.' We had curtains which
+drew back and forth, and regular footlights. You can't think how good it
+was! There were four scenes. My antique cabinet was the 'Blue Beard'
+cabinet; we yelled in delightful chorus when the door was opened, and
+the children stretched their necks to the last degree to see the
+horrible sight. The curtain closed upon a fainting-fit done by four
+women. In the third scene we were scrubbing the fatal key, when I cried
+out, 'Try the "Mustang Liniment"! It's the liniment for us, for you know
+we _must hang_ if we don't succeed!' This, which was made on the spur of
+the moment, overcame the whole audience with laughter, and I myself
+shook so that I had to go down into the tub in which we were scrubbing
+the key. Well, to make a long story short, our play was very successful,
+and immediately afterward came supper. There were four long tables for
+the children; twenty sat at each. Ice-cream, cake, blanc-mange, and
+delicious sugar-plums, oranges, etc., were served up 'in style.' We had
+our supper a little later. Three omnibus loads went from my door; the
+last--the grown people--at nine o'clock."
+
+And again:--
+
+"I have written a play for our doll-theatre, and performed it yesterday
+afternoon with great success. It occupied nearly an hour. I had
+alternately to grunt and squeak the parts, while Chev played the
+puppets. The effect was really extremely good. The spectators were in a
+dark room, and the little theatre, lighted by a lamp from the top,
+looked very pretty."
+
+It was one of these parties of which the Doctor wrote to Charles Sumner:
+"Altogether it was a good affair, a religious affair; I say religious,
+for there is nothing which so calls forth my love and gratitude to God
+as the sight of the happiness for which He has given the capacity and
+furnished the means; and this happiness is nowhere more striking than in
+the frolics of the young."
+
+Among the plays given at Green Peace were the "Three Bears," the Doctor
+appearing as the Great Big Huge Bear; and the "Rose and the Ring," in
+which he played Kutasoff Hedzoff and our mother Countess Gruffanuff,
+while John A. Andrew, not yet Governor, made an unforgettable Prince
+Bulbo.
+
+It was a matter of course to us children, that "Papa and Mamma" should
+play with us, sing to us, tell us stories, bathe our bumps, and
+accompany us to the dentist; these were things that papas and mammas
+did! Looking back now, with some realization of all the other things
+they did, we wonder how they managed it. For one thing, both were rapid
+workers; for another, both had the power of leading and inspiring others
+to work; for a third, so far as we can see, neither ever wasted a
+moment; for a fourth, neither ever reached the point where there was not
+some other task ahead, to be begun as soon as might be.
+
+Life with a Comet-Apostle was not always easy. Some one once expressed
+to "Auntie Francis" wonder at the patience with which she endured all
+the troublesome traits of her much-loved husband. "My dear," she
+replied, "I shipped as Captain's mate, for the voyage!"
+
+Our mother, quoting this, says, "I cannot imagine a more useful motto
+for married life."
+
+During the thirty-four years of her own married life the Doctor was
+captain, beyond dispute; yet sometimes the mate felt that she must take
+her own way, and took it quietly. She was fond of quoting the words of
+Thomas Garrett,[38] whose house was for years a station of the
+Underground Railway, and who helped many slaves to freedom.
+
+  [38] Of Wilmington, Delaware.
+
+"How did you manage it?" she asked him.
+
+His reply sank deep into her mind.
+
+"It was borne in upon me at an early period, that if I told no one what
+I intended to do, I should be enabled to do it."
+
+The bond between our mother and father was not to be entirely broken
+even by death. She survived him by thirty-four years; but she never
+discussed with any one of us a question of deep import, or national
+consideration, without saying, "Your father would think thus, say thus!"
+It has been told elsewhere[39] how she once, being in Newport and waked
+from sleep by some noise, called to him; and how he, in Boston, heard
+her, and asked, when next they met, "Why did you call me?" To the end of
+her life, if startled or alarmed, she never failed to cry aloud, "Chev!"
+
+  [39] _Letters and Journals of Samuel Gridley Howe._
+
+Children were not the only guests at Green Peace. Some of us remember
+Kossuth's visit; our mother often told of the day when John Brown
+knocked at the door, and she opened it herself. To all of us, Charles
+Sumner and his brothers, Albert and George, Hillard, Agassiz, Andrew,
+Parker were familiar figures, and fit naturally into the background of
+Green Peace.
+
+Of these Charles Sumner, always the Doctor's closest and best-beloved
+friend, is most familiarly remembered. We called him "the harmless
+giant"; and one of us was in the habit of using his stately figure as a
+rule of measurement. Knowing that he was just six feet tall, she would
+say that a thing was so much higher or lower than Mr. Sumner. His deep
+musical voice, his rare but kindly smile, are not to be forgotten.
+
+We do not remember Nathaniel Hawthorne's coming to the house, but his
+shy disposition is illustrated by the record of a visit made by our
+parents to his house at Concord. While they were in the parlor, talking
+with Mrs. Hawthorne, they saw a tall, slim man come down the stairs, and
+Mrs. Hawthorne called out, "Husband! Husband! Dr. Howe and Mrs. Howe are
+here!" Hawthorne bolted across the hall and out through the door without
+even looking into the parlor.
+
+Of Whittier our mother says:--
+
+"I shall always be glad that I saw the poet Whittier in his youth and
+mine. I was staying in Boston during the winter of 1847, a young mother
+with two dear girl babies, when Sumner, I think, brought Whittier to our
+rooms and introduced him to me. His appearance then was most striking.
+His eyes glowed like black diamonds--his hair was of the same hue,
+brushed back from his forehead. Several were present on this occasion
+who knew him familiarly, and one of these persons bantered him a little
+on his bachelor state. Mr. Whittier said in reply: 'The world's people
+have taken so many of our Quaker girls that there is none left for me.'
+A year or two later, my husband invited him to dine, but was detained so
+late that I had a tete-a-tete of half an hour with Mr. Whittier. We sat
+near the fire, rather shy and silent, both of us. Whenever I spoke to
+Whittier, he hitched his chair nearer to the fire. At last Dr. Howe came
+in. I said to him afterwards, 'My dear, if you had been a little later,
+Mr. Whittier would have gone up the chimney.'"
+
+The most welcome visitor of all was Uncle Sam Ward. He came into the
+house like light: we warmed our hands at his fire and were glad. It was
+not because he brought us peaches and gold bracelets, Virginia hams (to
+be boiled after his own recipe, with a bottle of champagne, a wisp of
+new-mown hay and--we forget what else!), and fine editions of Horace: it
+was because he brought himself.
+
+"I disagree with Sam Ward," said Charles Sumner, "on almost every known
+topic: but when I have talked with him five minutes I forget everything
+save that he is the most delightful companion in the world!"
+
+A volume might be filled with Uncle Sam's _mots_ and jests; but print
+would do him cold justice, lacking the kindling of his eyes and smile,
+the mellow music of his laugh. Memory pictures rise up, showing him and
+our mother together in every variety of scene. We see them coming out of
+church together after a long and dull sermon, and hear him whisper to
+her, "_Ce pauvre Dieu!_"
+
+Again, we see them driving together after some function at which the
+address of one Potts had roused Uncle Sam to anger; hear him pouring
+out a torrent of eloquent vituperation, forgetting all else in the joy
+of freeing his mind. Pausing to draw breath, he glanced round, and,
+seeing an unfamiliar landscape, exclaimed, "Where are we?" "At Potsdam,
+I think!" said our mother quietly.
+
+Hardly less dear to us than Green Peace, and far dearer to her, was the
+summer home at Lawton's Valley, in Portsmouth,[40] Rhode Island. Here,
+as at South Boston, the Doctor's genius for "construction and repairs"
+wrought a lovely miracle. He found a tiny farmhouse, sheltered from the
+seawinds by a rugged hillock; near at hand, a rocky gorge, through which
+tumbled a wild little stream, checked here and there by a rude dam; in
+one place turning the wheel of a mill, where the neighboring farmers
+brought corn to grind. His quick eye caught the possibilities of the
+situation. He bought the place and proceeded to make of it a second
+earthly paradise. The house was enlarged, trees were felled here,
+planted there; a garden appeared as if by magic; in the Valley itself
+the turbulent stream was curbed by stone embankments; the open space
+became an emerald lawn, set at intervals with Norway spruces; under the
+great ash tree that towered in the centre rustic seats and tables were
+placed. Here, through many years, the "Mistress of the Valley" was to
+pass her happiest hours; to the Valley and its healing balm of quiet she
+owed the inspiration of much of her best work.
+
+  [40] Near Newport, of which it is really a suburb.
+
+The following letters fill in the picture of a time to which in her
+later years she looked back as one of the happiest of her life.
+
+Yet she was often unhappy, sometimes suffering. Humanity, her husband's
+faithful taskmistress, had not yet set her to work, and the long hours
+of his service left her lonely, and--the babies once in bed--at a loss.
+
+Her eyes, injured in Rome, in 1843, by the throwing of _confetti_ (made,
+in those days, of lime), gave her much trouble, often exquisite pain.
+She rarely, in our memory, used them in the evening. Yet, in later life,
+all the miseries, little and big, were dismissed with a smile and a sigh
+and a shake of the head. "I was very naughty in those days!" she would
+say.
+
+
+                        _To her sister Louisa_
+
+                                      GREEN PEACE, Feb. 18, 1853.
+
+MY DEAREST LOUISA,--
+
+I have kept a long silence with you, but I suppose that it is too
+evident before this time that letter-writing is not my _forte_, to need
+any further explanation of such a fact. Let me say, however, once for
+all, that I do not stand upon my reputation as a letter-writer. About my
+poetry and my music, I may be touchy and exacting--about my talents for
+drawing, correspondence, and housekeeping, I can only say that my
+pretensions are as small as my merits. With such humility, Justice
+herself must be satisfied. It is Modesty with her pink lining (commonly
+mistaken for blushes) turned outside. Are you surprised, my love, at the
+new style of my writing, and do you think I must have been taking
+lessons of Mr. Bristow? Learn that my eyes do not allow me to look
+attentively at my writing, and that I give a glance and a scribble, in a
+truly frantic and indiscriminate manner. Having ruined my own eyes, you
+see, I am doing my utmost to ruin the eyes of my friends. This is human
+nature--all evil seeks thus to propagate itself, while good is satisfied
+with itself, and stays where it is. When I think of this, I ask myself,
+does not the devil, then, send missionaries? You will agree with me that
+he at least sends ambassadors. I have passed, so far, a very studious
+winter. Never, since my youth, have I lived so much in reading and
+writing--hence these eyes! Of course, you exclaim, what madness! but,
+indeed, I should have a worse madness if I did not cram myself with
+books. The bareness and emptiness of life were then insupportable....
+
+Of the nearly eighteen months since my return to America, I have passed
+fourteen at South Boston. Last winter I was fresh from my travels, and
+had still strength enough to keep up my relation with society, and to
+invite people a good deal to my house. But this year I am more worn
+down, my health quite impaired, and the exertion of going out or
+receiving at home is too much for me....
+
+I have made acquaintance with the Russell Lowells, but we are too far
+apart to profit much by it. I cannot swim about in this frozen ocean of
+Boston life in search of friends. I feel as if I had struggled enough
+with it, as if I could now fold my arms and go down....
+
+
+                            _To the same_
+
+                                        S. BOSTON, Dec. 20, 1853.
+
+MY DEAR SISTER WEVIE,--
+
+I have been of late a shamefully bad correspondent, and am as much
+ashamed of it as I ought to be. But, indeed, it hurts my eyes so
+dreadfully to write, and _that_ you may find it difficult to believe,
+for perhaps you find writing less trying to the eyes than reading. Most
+people do, but with me the contrary is the case. I can read with
+tolerable comfort, but cannot write a single page, without positive
+pain. Well, that is enough about my eyes; now for other things. You say
+that you tremble to know the result of the Lace purchase. Well you may,
+wretched woman. Don't be satisfied with trembling; shake! shiver! shrink
+into nothing at all! Do you know, Madam, that my cursed bill from Hooker
+amounted to over $130? The rascal charged me ten per cent, which you and
+he probably divided together, or had a miscellaneous spree upon. You
+sent no specification of items. Madam, to this day, I do not know
+whether the earrings or the lace cost the most. People ask me the price
+of bertha, flounces and earrings, I can only reply that Mrs. Crawford
+drew upon me for an enormous sum of money, but that I have no idea how
+she spent it. Moreover, my poor little means (a favorite expression of
+Annie Mailliard's) have been entirely exhausted by you and Hooker. My
+purse is in a dangerous state of collapse--my credit all gone long ago.
+I want a coat, a bonnet, stockings, and pkthdkfs, but when for want of
+these things I am cold and snuffly, I go and take out the flounces,
+look at them, turn them over, and say: "Well, they are _very_ warming
+for the price, aren't they?" Besides, you send me a bill, and don't send
+Aunt Lou McAllister any. Who paid for her Malachites? I have a great
+mind to say that I did, and pocket the money, which she is anxious to
+pay, if she could only get her account settled, which please to attend
+to at once, you lymphatic, agreeable monster! About the mosaics, straw
+for Bonnets, and worsted work, you were right in supposing that I would
+not be very angry. It was undoubtedly a liberty, your sending them, but
+it is one which I can make up my mind to overlook, especially as you
+will not be likely to do it again for some time.
+
+Now, if you really want to know about the lace, I will tell you that I
+found it perfectly magnificent, and that every one who sees it admires
+it prodigiously. If this is the case now, before I have worn it, how
+much more will it be so when it shall show itself abroad heightened by
+the charms of my person! Admiration will then know no bounds. Newspaper
+paragraphs will begin thus: "The lovely wearer of the lace is about
+thirty-four years of age, but looks much older--in fact, nearly as
+antique as her own flounces," etc., etc. The ornaments are not less
+beautiful, in their kind. I wear them on distinguished occasions, and at
+sight of them, people who have closely adhered to the Decalogue all
+their lives incontinently violate the Tenth Commandment, and then excuse
+it by saying that Mrs. Howe does not happen to be their neighbor, living
+as she does beyond the reach of everything but Omnibuses and Charity.
+So you see that I consider the investment a most successful one, and may
+in future honor you with more commissions. I even justify it to myself
+on the ground that the Brooch and earrings will make charming pins for
+my three girls, while the lace, Mrs. Cary says, is as good as Real
+Estate. So set your kind heart completely at rest, you _could_ not have
+done better for me, or if you could, I don't know it. As to my being
+without pocket handkerchiefs, you will be the first to reply that _that_
+is nothing new. Now for your charming presents; I was greatly delighted
+at them. The Mosaics are perfectly exquisite, the most beautiful I ever
+saw. The straw is very handsome, and will make me the envy of Newport,
+next summer. The worsted work appears to me rich and quaint, and shall
+be made up as soon as circumstances shall allow. For each and all accept
+my hearty thanks....
+
+
+(_No year. Probably from Portsmouth, Rhode Island, to her sister Annie_)
+
+                                                Sunday, August 5.
+
+... I went in town [Newport] the other day, and dined with Fanny
+Longfellow. The L.'s, Curtis,[41] Tommo,[42] and Kensett are all living
+together, but seem to make out tolerably. After dinner Fanny took me to
+drive on the Beach in her Barouche. I looked fine, wore my grey grapery
+with my drapery, and spread myself out as much as possible. Curtis took
+Julia in his one-horse affair on the Beach. Julia wore a pink silk
+dress, a white drawn bonnet with pink ribbons, and a little white
+shawl. Oh, she did look lovely. Mamma was not at all proud, oh, no!
+Well, thereafter, I dined elsewhere and did not want to tell Dudie
+where. So when she asked, "Where did you dine yesterday?" I replied: "I
+dined, dear, with Mrs. Jimfarlan, and her pig was at table. Now, before
+we sat down, Mrs. J. said to me, 'Mrs. Howe, if you do not love my pig,
+you cannot dine with me,' and I replied, 'Mrs. Jimfarlan, I adore your
+pig,' so down we sat." "Oh, yes, Mamma," says Julia, "and I know the
+rest. When you had got through dinner, and had had all you wanted, you
+rose, and told the lady that you had something to tell her in the
+greatest confidence. Then she went into the entry with you, and you
+whispered in her ear, 'Mrs. Jimfarlan, I _hate_ your pig!' and then
+rushed out of the house."... I have had one grand tea-party--the Longos,
+Curtis, etc., etc. We had tea out of doors and read Tennyson in the
+valley. It was very pleasant.... The children spent Tuesday with the
+Hazards. I went over to tea. You remember the old beautiful place.[43]
+We have now a donkey tandem, which is the joy of the Island. The
+children go out with it, and every one who meets them is seized with
+cramps in the region of the diaphragm, they double up and are relieved
+by a hearty laugh.
+
+  [41] George William Curtis.
+
+  [42] Thomas Gold Appleton.
+
+  [43] Vaucluse, at Portsmouth.
+
+
+                          _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                                   October, 1854.
+
+I will tell you how I have been living since my return from Newport. I
+get up at seven or a little before, and am always down at half-past for
+breakfast. After breakfast I despatch the chicks to school and clear off
+the table; then walk in the garden or around the house; then consult
+with the cook and order dinner, and see as far as I can to all sewing
+and other work. I get to my own room between ten and eleven, where I
+study and write until two P.M. Dinner is at half-past two. After that I
+take all the children in my room. I read to them and fix worsted work
+for them. I get half an hour's reading for myself sometimes, but not
+often, the days being so short. Then I walk with dear Julia, the dearest
+little friend in the world. The others often join us, and sometimes we
+have the donkey for a ride. I then go in and sing for the children, or
+play for them to dance, until tea-time. At a quarter past eight I go to
+put Dudie and Flossy to bed. I prolong this last pleasure and occupation
+of the day. When I come down I sit with idle fingers, unable, as you
+know, to do the least thing. Chev reads the papers to me. At ten I am
+thankful to retire. I do not suppose that this life is more monotonous
+than yours in Bordentown, is it?...
+
+_Oct. 19th._ I was not able to finish this at one sitting, my best
+darling. I cannot write long without great pain. I had to go in town on
+Monday and Tuesday, and yesterday, for a wonder, Baby [Laura] was ill.
+She had severe rheumatic pains in both knees, and could not be moved all
+day. We sent for a physician, who prescribed various doses, and told us
+we should have a siege of it. To-day she is almost well, though we gave
+her no medicine. She is the funniest little soul in the world. You
+should hear her admonishing her father not to "worry so about
+everything." He is obliged to laugh in spite of himself.... I am very
+poor just now. I furnished my Newport house with the money for my book
+["Passion Flowers"]. It was very little--about $200.
+
+
+Spite of the troublesome eyes, and the various "pribbles and prabbles,"
+she was in those days editor-in-chief of "The Listener," a "Weekly
+Publication." Julia Romana was sub-editor, and furnished most of the
+material, stories, plays, and poems pouring with astonishing ease from
+her ten-year-old pen; but there was an Editor's Table, sometimes
+dictated by the chief editor, often written in her own hand.
+
+The first number of "The Listener" appeared in October, 1854. The
+sub-editor avows frankly that "The first number of our little paper will
+not be very interesting, as we have not had time to give notice to those
+who we expect to write for it."
+
+This is followed by "Select Poetry, Mrs. Howe"; "The Lost Suitor" (to be
+continued), and "Seaside Thoughts." The "Editor's Table" reads:--
+
+"It is often said that Listeners hear no good of themselves, and it
+often proves to be true. But we shall hope to hear, at least, no harm of
+our modest little paper. We intend to listen only to good things, and
+not to have ears for any unkind words about ourselves or others. Little
+people of our age are expected to listen to those who are older, having
+so many things to learn. We will promise, too, to listen as much as we
+can to all the entertaining news about town, and to give accounts of the
+newest fashions, the parties in high life (nurseries are generally three
+stories _high_) and many other particulars. So, we venture to hope that
+'The Listener' will find favour with our friends and Miss Stephenson's
+select public."
+
+This was Miss Hannah Stephenson's school for girls, which Julia and
+Florence were attending. "The Listener" gives pleasant glimpses of life
+at Green Peace, the Nursery Fair, the dancing-school, the new baby, and
+so forth.
+
+Sometimes the "Table" is a rhyming one:--
+
+  What shall we do for an Editor's table?
+  To make one really we are not able.
+  Our Editorial head is aching,
+  Our lily white hand is rather shaking.
+  Our baby cries both day and night,
+  And puts our "intelligence" all to flight.
+  Yet, for the gentle Julia's sake,
+  Some little effort we must make.
+  We didn't go vote for the know-nothing Mayor,
+  A know-nothing's what we cannot bear,
+  We know our lessons, that's well for us,
+  Or the school would be in a terrible fuss.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  That's all for the present, we make our best bow,
+  And are your affectionate
+
+                                            _Editor Howe_.
+
+On January 14, 1855, we read:--
+
+"Last evening began the opera season. Now, as all the Somebodies were
+there, we would not like to have you suppose, dear reader, that we were
+not, although perhaps you did not see us, with our little squeezed-up
+hat slipping off of our head, and we screwing up our eyebrows to keep
+it on. There was a moment when we thought we felt it going down the back
+of our neck, but a dexterous twitch of the left ear restored the natural
+order of things. Well, to show you that we were there, we'll tell you of
+what the Opera was composed. There was love of course, and misery, and
+plenty of both. The slim man married the lady in white, and then ran
+away with another woman. She tore her hair, and went mad. One of the
+stout gentlemen doubled his fists, the other spread out his hands and
+looked pitiful. The mad lady sang occasionally, and retained wonderful
+command of her voice. They all felt dreadfully, and went thro' a great
+deal, singing all the time. The thing came right at last, but we have no
+room to explain how."
+
+In May, 1855, the paper died a natural death.
+
+
+                        _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                     SOUTH BOSTON, Jan. 19, 1855.
+
+MY SWEET MEATEST,--
+
+... First of all you wish to know about the Bonnet, of course. I am
+happy to say that it is entirely successful, cheap, handsome, and
+becoming. Boston can show nothing like it. As to the green and lilac, I
+all but sleep in it. I never wear it, glory on my soul, without
+attracting notice. Those who don't know me, at lectures and sich, seem
+to say: "Good heavens, who is that lovely creature?" Those who do know
+me seem to be whispering to each other, "I never saw Julia Howe look so
+well!" So much for the green bonnet. As for the white one, since I took
+out the pinch behind, it fits and flatters--to the Opera, I will
+incontinently wear it. I have been there and still would go. Every woman
+seen in front, seems to have a cap with a great frill, like that of an
+old-fashioned night-cap; it is only when she turns sideways that you can
+see the little hat behind....
+
+Did I write you that I have been to the Assembly? Chev went to the first
+without me, with his niece, the pretty one, of course, much to my
+vexation, so I spunked up, and determined to go to the second. A white
+silk dress was a necessary tho' unprofitable investment. Turnbull had,
+fortunately for me, made a failure, and was selling very cheap. I got a
+pretty silk for $17, and had it made by a Boston fashionable dressmaker,
+with three pinked flounces--it looked unkimmon. Next I caused my hair to
+be dressed by Pauline, the wife of Canegally. "Will you have it in the
+newest fashion?" asked she; "the very newest," answered I. She put in
+front two horrid hair cushions and, combing the hair over them, made a
+sort of turban of hair, in which I was, may I say? captivating. I was
+proud of my hair, and frequented rooms with looking-glasses in them, the
+rest of the afternoon. At the Ass-embly, Chev and I entered somewhat
+timidly, but soon took courage, and parted company. Little B---- (your
+neighbor of Bond St.) was there, wiggy and smiley, but oh! so youthful!!
+Life is short, they say, but I don't think so when I see little B----
+trying to look down upon me from beneath, and doing the patronizing.
+There was something very nice about her, however, that is, her pearl
+necklace with a diamond clasp two inches long, and one and a half
+broad.... Oculist said weakness was the disease, and rest the
+remedy--oculist recommended veratrine ointment, frequent refreshing of
+eyes with wet cloth, cleared his throat every minute, and was an old
+humbug.
+
+They are playing at the Boston Museum a piece, probably a farce, called
+"A Blighted Being." When I see the handbills posted up in the streets it
+is like reading one's own name. I must now bid you farewell and am ever
+with dearest love,
+
+                               Your affectionate sister and
+                                             A BLIGHTED BEING!!!!
+
+
+                          _To the same_
+
+                                      SOUTH BOSTON, June 1, 1855.
+
+... Well, my darling, it is a very uninteresting time with me. I am
+alive, and so are my five children. I made a vow, when dear Laura was so
+ill, to complain never more of dulness or ennui. So I won't, but you
+understand if I hadn't made such a vow, I could under present
+circumstances indulge in the howling in which my soul delighteth. I
+don't know how I keep alive. The five children seem always waiting,
+morally, to pick my bones, and are always quarrelling over their savage
+feast.... The stairs as aforesaid kill me. The Baby keeps me awake, and
+keeps me down in strength. Were it not for beer, I were little better
+than a dead woman, but, blessed be the infusion of hops, I can still
+wink my left eye and look knowing with my right, which is more, God be
+praised, than could have been expected after eight months of
+Institution. I have seen Opera of "Trovatore"--in bonnet trimmed with
+grapes I went, bonnet baptized with "oh d-Cologne," but Alexander
+McDonald was my escort, Chev feeling very ill just at Opera time, but
+making himself strangely comfortable after my departure with easy-chair,
+foot-stool, and unlimited pile of papers. Well, dear, you know they
+would be better if they could, but somehow they can't--it isn't in
+them....
+
+
+                              _To the same_
+
+                                     SOUTH BOSTON, Nov. 27, 1855.
+
+I have been having a wow-wow time of late, or you should have heard from
+me. As it is, I shall scribble a hasty sheet of Hieroglyphics, and put
+in it as much of myself as I can. Mme. Kossuth (Kossuth's sister
+divorced from former husband) has been here for ten days past; as she is
+much worn and depressed I have had a good deal of comforting up to
+do--very little time and much trouble. She is a _lady_, and has many
+interesting qualities, but you can imagine how I long for the sanctity
+of home. Still, my heart aches that this woman, as well bred as any one
+of ourselves, should go back to live in two miserable rooms, with three
+of her four children, cooking, and washing everything with her own
+hands, and sitting up half the night to earn a pittance by sewing or
+fancy work. Her eldest son has been employed as engineer on the Saratoga
+and Sacketts Harbor railroad for two years, but has not been paid a
+cent--the R.R. being nearly or quite bankrupt. He is earning $5 a week
+in a Bank, and this is all they have to depend upon. She wants to hire
+a small farm somewhere in New Jersey and live upon it with her
+children....
+
+
+                            _To her sisters_
+
+                                              Thursday, 29, 1856.
+
+... We have been in the most painful state of excitement relative to
+Kansas matters and dear Charles Sumner, whose condition gives great
+anxiety.[44] Chev is as you might expect under such circumstances; he
+has had much to do with meetings here, etc., etc. New England spunk
+seems to be pretty well up, but what will be done is uncertain as yet.
+One thing we have got: the Massachusetts Legislature has passed the
+"personal liberty bill," which will effectually prevent the rendition of
+any more fugitive slaves from Massachusetts. Another thing, the Tract
+Society here (orthodox) has put out old Dr. Adams, who published a book
+in favor of slavery; a third thing, the Connecticut legislature has
+withdrawn its invitation to Mr. Everett to deliver his oration before
+them, in consequence of his having declined to speak at the Sumner
+meeting in Faneuil Hall....
+
+  [44] In consequence of the assault upon him in the Senate Chamber by
+  Preston Brooks of South Carolina.
+
+
+                       _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                        CINCINNATI, May 26, 1857.
+
+                                               CASA GREENIS.
+
+DEAREST ANNIE, _Fiancee de marbre et Femme de glace_,--
+
+Heaven knows what I have not been through with since I saw you--dust,
+dirt, dyspepsia, hotels, railroads, prairies, Western steamboats,
+Western people, more prairies, tobacco juice, captains of boats, pilots
+of ditto, long days of jolting in the cars, with stoppages of ten
+minutes for dinner, and the devil take the hindmost. There ought to be
+no chickens this year, so many eggs have we eaten. Flossy was quite ill
+for two days at St. Louis. Chev is too rapid and restless a traveller
+for pleasure. Still, I think I shall be glad to have made the journey
+when it is all over--I must be stronger than I was, for I bear fatigue
+very well now and at first I could not bear it at all. We went from
+Philadelphia to Baltimore, thence to Wheeling, thence to see the Manns
+at Antioch--they almost ate us up, so glad were they to see us. Thence
+to Cincinnati, where two days with Kitty Roelker, a party at Larz
+Anderson's--Longworth's wine-cellar, pleasant attentions from a
+gentleman by the name of King, who took me about in a carriage and
+proposed everything but marriage. After passing the morning with me, he
+asked if I was English. I told him no. When we met in the evening, he
+had thought matters over, and exclaimed, "You must be Miss Ward!" "And
+you," I cried, "must be the nephew of my father's old partner. Do you
+happen to have a strawberry mark or anything of that kind about you?"
+"No." "Then you are my long-lost Rufus!" And so we rushed into each
+other's confidence and swore, like troopers, eternal friendship. Thence
+to Louisville, dear, a beastly place, where I saw the Negro jail, and
+the criminal court in session, trying a man for the harmless pleasantry
+of murdering his wife. Thence to St. Louis, where Chev left us and went
+to Kansas, and Fwotty and I boated it back here and went to a hotel, and
+the William Greenes they came and took us, and that's all for the
+present....
+
+
+                          _To the same_
+
+                                         GARRET PLATFORM,
+                                  LAWTON'S VALLEY, July 13, 1857.
+
+... Charlotte Bronte is deeply interesting, but I think she and I would
+not have liked each other, while still I see points of resemblance--many
+indeed--between us. Her life, on the whole, a very serious and
+instructive page in literary history. God rest her! she was as faithful
+and earnest as she was clever--she suffered much.
+
+... Theodore Parker and wife came here last night, to stay a week if
+they like it (have just had a fight with a bumble-bee, in avoiding which
+I banged my head considerably against a door, in the narrow limits of my
+garret platform); so you see I am still a few squashes ("some pumpkins"
+is vulgar, and I isn't)....
+
+
+                           _To her sisters_
+
+                                        S. BOSTON, April 4, 1858.
+
+... I am perfectly worn out in mind, body and estate. The Fair[45]
+lasted five days and five evenings. I was there every day, and nearly
+all day, and at the end of it I dropped like a dead person. Never did I
+experience such fatigue--the crowd of faces, the bad air, the
+responsibility of selling and the difficulty of suiting everybody, was
+almost too much for me. On the other hand, it was an entirely new
+experience, and a very amusing one. My table was one of the prettiest,
+and, as I took care to have some young and pretty assistants, it proved
+one of the most attractive. I cleared $426.00, which was doing pretty
+well, as I had very little given me.... For a week after the Fair I
+could do nothing but lie on a sofa or in an easy-chair, ... but by the
+end of the week I revived, and it pleased the Devil to suggest to me
+that this was the moment to give a long promised party to the Governor
+and his wife. All hands set to work, therefore, writing notes. With the
+assistance of three Amanuenses I scoured the whole surface of Boston
+society.... Unluckily I had fixed upon an evening when there were to be
+two other parties, and of course the cream of the cream was already
+engaged. I believe in my soul that I invited 300 people--every day
+everybody sent word they could not come. I was full of anxiety, got the
+house well arranged though, engaged a colored man, and got a splendid
+supper. Miss Hunt, who is writing for me, smacks her lips at the
+remembrance of the same, I mean the supper, not the black man. Well! the
+evening came, and with it all the odds and ends of half a dozen sets of
+people, including some of the most primitive and some of the most
+fashionable. I had the greatest pleasure in introducing a dowdy high
+neck, got up for the occasion, with short sleeves and a bow behind, to
+the most elaborate of French ball-dresses with head-dress to match, and
+leaving them to take care of each other the best way they could. As for
+the Governor [Nathaniel P. Banks], I introduced him right and left to
+people who had never voted for him and never will. The pious were
+permitted to enjoy Theodore Parker, and Julia's schoolmaster sat on a
+sofa and talked about Carlyle. I did not care--the colored man made it
+all right. Imagine my astonishment at hearing the party then and after
+pronounced one of the most brilliant and successful ever given in
+Boston. The people all said, "It is such a relief to see new faces--we
+always meet the same people at city parties." Well, darlings, the
+pickings of the supper was very good for near a week afterwards, and,
+having got through with my party, I have nearly killed myself with going
+to hear Mr. Booth, whose playing is beautiful exceedingly. Having for
+once in my life had play enough and a great deal too much, I am going to
+work to-morrow like an old Trojan building a new city. I am too poor to
+come to New York this spring; still it is not impossible. Farewell,
+Beloveds, it is church time, and this edifying critter is uncommon
+punctual in her devotions. So farewell, love much, and so far as human
+weakness allows imitate the noble example of
+
+                                                  Your sister,
+                                                           JULIA.
+
+  [45] This Fair was got up by Mr. Robert C. Winthrop for the benefit
+  of the poor.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII
+
+LITTLE SAMMY: THE CIVIL WAR
+
+1859-1863; _aet._ 40-44
+
+  There came indeed an hour of fate
+  By bitter war made desolate
+  When, reading portents in the sky,
+  All in a dream I leapt on high
+  To pin my rhyme to my country's gown.
+  'Tis my one verse that will not down.
+  Stars have grown out of mortal crown.
+
+                                               J. W. H.
+
+     I honour the author of the "Battle Hymn," and of "The Flag." She
+     was born in the city of New York. I could well wish she were a
+     native of Massachusetts. We have had no such poetess in New
+     England.
+
+                                            EMERSON'S _Journals_.
+
+
+In the winter of 1859 the Doctor's health became so much impaired by
+overwork that a change of air and scene was imperative. At the same time
+Theodore Parker, already stricken with a mortal disease, was ordered to
+Cuba in the hope that a mild climate might check the progress of the
+consumption. He begged the Howes to join him and his wife, and in
+February the four sailed for Havana. This expedition is described in "A
+Trip to Cuba."
+
+The opening chapter presents three of the little party during the rough
+and stormy voyage:--
+
+"The Philanthropist has lost the movement of the age,--keeled up in an
+upper berth, convulsively embracing a blanket, what conservative more
+immovable than he? The Great Man of the party refrains from his large
+theories, which, like the circles made by the stone thrown into the
+water, begin somewhere and end nowhere. As we have said, he expounds
+himself no more, the significant forefinger is down, the eye no longer
+imprisons yours. But if you ask him how he does, he shakes himself as
+if, like Farinata,--
+
+  '_avesse l'inferno in gran dispetto_,'--
+
+he had a very contemptible opinion of hell."
+
+Several "portraits" follow, among them her own.
+
+"A woman, said to be of a literary turn of mind, in the miserablest
+condition imaginable. Her clothes, flung at her by the Stewardess, seem
+to have hit in some places and missed in others. Her listless hands
+occasionally make an attempt to keep her draperies together, and to pull
+her hat on her head; but though the intention is evident, she
+accomplishes little by her motion. She is being perpetually lugged about
+by a stout steward, who knocks her head against both sides of the
+vessel, folds her up in the gangway, spreads her out on the deck, and
+takes her upstairs, downstairs, and in my lady's chamber, where, report
+says, he feeds her with a spoon, and comforts her with such philosophy
+as he is master of. N.B. This woman, upon the first change of weather,
+rose like a cork, dressed like a Christian, and toddled about the deck
+in the easiest manner, sipping her grog, and cutting sly jokes upon her
+late companions in misery;--is supposed by some to have been an
+impostor, and, when ill-treated, announced intentions of writing a book.
+
+"No. 4, my last, is only a sketch;--circumstances allowed no more. Can
+Grande,[46] the great dog, has been got up out of the pit, where he has
+worried the Stewardess and snapped at the friend who tried to pat him on
+the head. Everybody asks where he is. Don't you see that heap of shawls
+yonder, lying in the sun, and heated up to about 212 deg. Fahrenheit? That
+slouched hat on top marks the spot where his head should lie,--by
+treading cautiously in the opposite direction you may discover his feet.
+All between is perfectly passive and harmless. His chief food is
+pickles,--his only desire is rest. After all these years of controversy,
+after all these battles, bravely fought and nobly won, you might write
+with truth upon this moveless mound of woollens the pathetic words from
+Pere La Chaise: _Implora Pace_."
+
+  [46] Her pet name for Theodore Parker. _Vide_ Dante's _Inferno_.
+
+The trip to Cuba was only the beginning of a long voyage for the
+Parkers, who were bound for Italy. The parting between the friends was
+sad. All felt that they were to meet no more. Parker died in Florence
+fifteen months later.
+
+"A pleasant row brought us to the side of the steamer. It was dusk
+already as we ascended her steep gangway, and from that to darkness
+there is, at this season, but the interval of a breath. Dusk too were
+our thoughts, at parting from Can Grande, the mighty, the vehement, the
+great fighter. How were we to miss his deep music, here and at home!
+With his assistance we had made a very respectable band; now we were to
+be only a wandering drum and fife,--the fife particularly shrill, and
+the drum particularly solemn.... And now came silence, and tears, and
+last embraces; we slipped down the gangway into our little craft, and
+looking up, saw bending above us, between the slouched hat and the
+silver beard, the eyes that we can never forget, that seemed to drop
+back in the darkness with the solemnity of a last farewell. We went
+home, and the drum hung himself gloomily on his peg, and the little fife
+_shut up_ for the remainder of the evening."
+
+"A Trip to Cuba" appeared first serially in the "Atlantic Monthly," then
+in book form. Years after, a friend, visiting Cuba, took with her a copy
+of the little volume; it was seized at Havana by the customs house
+officers, and confiscated as dangerous and incendiary material.
+
+On her return, our mother was asked to write regularly for the New York
+"Tribune," describing the season at Newport. This was the beginning of a
+correspondence which lasted well into the time of the Civil War. She
+says of it:--
+
+"My letters dealt somewhat with social doings in Newport and in Boston,
+but more with the great events of the time. To me the experience was
+valuable in that I found myself brought nearer in sympathy to the
+general public, and helped to a better understanding of its needs and
+demands."
+
+
+                         _To her sister Annie_
+
+                                        Sunday, November 6, 1859.
+
+The potatoes arrived long since and were most jolly, as indeed they
+continue to be. Didn't acknowledge them 'cause knew other people did,
+and thought it best to be unlike the common herd. Have just been to
+church and heard Clarke preach about John Brown, whom God bless, and
+will bless! I am much too dull to write anything good about him, but
+shall say something at the end of my book on Cuba, whereof I am at
+present correcting the proof-sheets. I went to see his poor wife, who
+passed through here some days since. We shed tears together and embraced
+at parting, poor soul! Folks say that the last number of my Cuba is the
+best thing I ever did, in prose or verse. Even Emerson wrote me about it
+from Concord. I tell you this in case you should not find out of your
+own accord that it is good. I have had rather an unsettled autumn--have
+been very infirm and inactive, but have kept up as well as
+possible--going to church, also to Opera, also to hear dear Edwin Booth,
+who is playing better than ever. My children are all well and
+delightful....
+
+I have finished Tacitus' history, also his Germans.... Chev is not at
+all annoyed by the newspapers, but has been greatly overdone by anxiety
+and labor for Brown. Much has come upon his shoulders, getting money,
+paying counsel, and so on. Of course all the stories about the Northern
+Abolitionists are the merest stuff. No one knew of Brown's intentions
+but Brown himself and his handful of men. The attempt I must judge
+insane but the spirit _heroic_. I should be glad to be as sure of heaven
+as that old man may be, following right in the spirit and footsteps of
+the old martyrs, girding on his sword for the weak and oppressed. His
+death will be holy and glorious--the gallows cannot dishonor him--he
+will hallow it....
+
+On Christmas Day, 1859, she gave birth to a second son, who was named
+Samuel Gridley. This latest and perhaps dearest child was for three
+short years to fill his parents' life with a joy which came and went
+with him. His little life was all beautiful, all bright. We associate
+him specially with the years we spent at No. 13 Chestnut Street, Boston,
+a spacious and cheerful house which we remember with real affection. The
+other children were at school; little Sam was the dear companion of our
+mother's walks, the delight of our father's few leisure hours. For him
+new songs were made, new games invented: both parents looked forward to
+fresh youth and vigor in his sweet companionship. This was not to be.
+"In short measures, life may perfect be": little Sam died of
+diphtheritic croup, May 17, 1863.
+
+This heavy sorrow for a time crushed both these tender parents to the
+earth. Our father became seriously ill from grief; our mother, younger
+and more resilient, found some relief in nursing him and caring for the
+other children; but this was not enough. She could not banish from her
+mind the terrible memory of her little boy's suffering, the anguish of
+parting with him. While her soul lifted its eyes to the hills, her heart
+sought some way to keep his image constantly before her. Her sad
+thoughts must be recorded, and she took up, for the first time since
+1843, the habit of keeping a journal.
+
+The first journal is a slender Diary and Memorandum Book. On May 13, the
+first note of alarm is sounded. Sammy "did not seem quite right." From
+that date the record goes on, the agonizing details briefly described,
+the loss spoken of in words which no one could read unmoved. But even
+this was not enough: grief must find further expression, yet must be
+repressed, so far as might be, in the presence of others, lest her
+sorrow make theirs heavier. This need of expression took a singular
+form. She wrote a letter to the child himself, telling the story of his
+life and death; wrote it with care and precision, omitting no smallest
+detail, gathering, as it were a handful of pearls, every slightest
+memory of the brief time.
+
+A few extracts show the tenor of this letter:--
+
+
+"MY DEAREST LITTLE SAMMY,--
+
+"It is four weeks to-day since I saw your sweet face for the last time
+on earth. It did not look like your little face, my dear pet, it was so
+still, and sad, and quiet. But Death had changed it, and I had to
+submit, and was thankful to have even so much of you as that still face,
+for some days. Everybody grieved to part from you, dear little soul, but
+I suppose that I grieved most of all, because you belonged most to me.
+You were always with me, from the time you began to exist at all. The
+time of your birth was a sad one. It was the time of the imprisonment
+and death of John Brown, a very noble man, who should be in one of the
+many mansions of which Christ tells us, and in which I hope, dear, that
+you are nearer to Him than any of us can be....
+
+"You arrived, I think, at three in the morning, very red in the face,
+and making a great time about it. You were a fine large Baby, weighing
+twelve pounds.... I have some of your baby dresses left, and shall hunt
+them up and lay them with the clothes you have worn lately.... I gave
+you milk myself.... I used to lay you across my breast when you cried,
+and you liked this so well that you often insisted upon sleeping in that
+position after you were grown quite large. It hurt me so much that I
+finally managed to break you of the habit, but not until you were more
+than a year old.... I had a nice crimson merino cloak made for you,
+trimmed with velvet, and lined with white silk. I bought also a very
+nice crochet cap, of white and crimson worsted, and in these you were
+taken to drive with me....
+
+"During this first year of your life I had some troubles, and your Baby
+ways were my greatest comfort. I used to think: this Baby will grow up
+to be a man, and will protect me when I am old. For I thought, dear,
+that you should have outlived me many years. But you are removed from us
+to grow in another world, of which I know nothing but what Christ has
+told me....
+
+"You used to keep me awake a good deal at night, and this sometimes made
+me nervous and fretful, though I was usually very happy with you. I
+would give a good deal for one of those bad nights now, though at the
+time they were pretty hard upon me....
+
+"... Your second summer brings me to the winter that followed. It was
+quite a gay winter for us at old South Boston. Marie, the German cook,
+made very nice dishes, and I had many people to dine, and one or two
+pleasant evening parties. You still slept in my room, and when I was
+going to a party in the evening, Annie[47] used to bring my nice dress
+and my ornaments softly out of the room, that I might dress in the
+nursery, and not disturb your slumbers. I was always glad to get home
+and undress, and it was always sweet to come to the bed, and find you in
+it, sound asleep, and lying right across.... I learned to sleep on a
+very little bit of the bed, you wanted so much of it. This winter, I
+bought you a pair of snow-boots, of which you were very proud....
+
+  [47] The child's faithful nurse.
+
+"We all got along happily, dear, till early in April (1863), when your
+father desired me to make a journey with Julia, who needed change of
+scene a little. So I had to go and leave you, my sweet of sweets....
+
+"We were glad enough to see each other again, you and I, and I felt as
+if I could never part with you again. But I was only to have you for a
+few days, my darling....
+
+"Thursday I sat up in your nursery, in the afternoon, as I usually did,
+with my book--you having your toys. When I had finished reading, I built
+houses with blocks for you, and rolled the balls and dumbbells across
+the floor to you. You rolled them back to me and this amused you very
+much. I go to sit up in your nursery in the afternoon now, with my
+book--the light shines in now as it used to do, and I hear the
+hand-organ and children's voices in the street. It seems to bring you a
+little nearer to me, my dear lost one, but not near enough for
+comfort."
+
+The child's illness and death are described minutely, every symptom,
+every remedy, every anguish noted. Then follows:--
+
+"It gives me dreadful pain to recall these things and write them down,
+my dearest. I don't do it to make myself miserable, but in order that I
+may have some lasting record of how you lived and died. You left little
+by which you might be remembered, save the love of kindred and friendly
+hearts, but in my heart, dear, your precious image is deeply sculptured.
+All my life will be full of grief for you, dearest Boy, and I think that
+I shall hardly live as long as I should have lived, if I had had you to
+make me happy. Perhaps it seems very foolish that I should write all
+this, and talk to you in it as if you could know what I write. But, my
+little darling, it comforts me to think that your sweet soul lives, and
+that you do know something about me. Christ said, 'This day thou shalt
+be with me in Paradise': and he knew that this was no vain promise. So,
+believing the dear Christ, I am led along to have faith in immortal
+life, of which, dear, I know nothing of myself.
+
+"Your little funeral, dear, was bitter and agonizing. The good God does
+not send affliction without comfort, but the weeping eyes and breaking
+heart must struggle through much anguish before they can reach it...."
+
+
+There was no hearse at this little funeral. The small white casket was
+placed on the front seat in the carriage in which she rode.
+
+"We came near the gate of Mount Auburn, when I began to realize that the
+parting was very near. I now opened the casket, took your dear little
+cold hand in mine, and began to take silent farewell of you. And here,
+dearest child, I must stop. The remembrance of those last moments so
+cuts me to the heart, that I cannot say one word more about them, and
+not much about the life of loneliness and desolation which now began for
+me, and of which I do not see the end. God knows why I lost you, and how
+I suffer for you, and He knows how and when I shall see you again, as I
+hope to do, my dearest, because Christ says we are to live again after
+this life, and I know that if I am immortal, God will not inflict upon
+me the pain of an eternal separation from you. So, we shall meet again,
+sweet Angel Sammy. God grant that the rest of my life may be worthy of
+this hope, more dear than life itself....
+
+"I must finish these words by saying that I am happy in believing that
+my dear Child lives, in a broader land, with better teaching and higher
+joys than I could have given him. I hope that the years to come will
+brighten, not efface, my mind's picture of him, and that among these,
+the cipher of one blessed year is already written, in which the picture
+will become reality, and the present sorrow the foundation of an eternal
+joy."
+
+The following stanzas are chosen from among many poems on little Sammy's
+life and death:--
+
+
+                  REMEMBRANCE
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  So thou art hid again, and wilt not come
+  For any knockings at the veiled door;
+  Nor mother-pangs, nor nature, can restore
+  The heart's delight and blossom of thy home.
+
+  And I with others, in the outer court,
+  Must sadly follow the excluding will,
+  In painful admiration, of the skill
+  Of God, who speaks his sweetest sentence short.
+
+At this time she writes to her sister Annie:--
+
+"I cannot yet write of what has come to me. Chev and I feel that we are
+baptized into a new order of suffering--those who have lost children,
+loving them, can never be like those who have not. It makes a new heaven
+and a new earth. The new heaven I have not yet--the blow is too rough
+and recent. But the new earth, sown with tears, with the beauty and
+glory gone out of it, the spring itself, that should have made us happy
+together, grown tasteless and almost hateful. All the relish of life
+seems gone with him. I have no patience to make phrases about it--for
+the moment it seems utterness of doubt and of loss.
+
+"No doubt about him. 'This night shalt thou be with me in Paradise' was
+said by one who knew what he promised. My precious Baby is with the
+Beautiful One who was so tender with the children. But I am alone, still
+fighting over the dark battle of his death, still questioning whether
+there is any forgiveness for such a death. Something must have been
+wrong somewhere--to find it out, I have tortured myself almost out of
+sanity. Now I must only say, it is, and look and wait for divine lessons
+which follow our bitter afflictions.
+
+"God bless you all, darling. Ask dear Cogswell to write me a few
+lines--tell him that this deep cut makes all my previous life seem
+shallow and superficial. Tell him to think of me a little in my great
+sorrow.
+
+                                                "Your loving
+                                                         "JULIA."
+
+She had by now definitely joined the Unitarian Church, in whose
+doctrines her mind found full and lasting rest; throughout this
+sorrowful time the Reverend James Freeman Clarke was one of her kindest
+helpers. Several years before this, she had unwillingly left Theodore
+Parker's congregation at our father's request. She records in the
+"Reminiscences" his views on this subject:--
+
+"'The children (our two oldest girls) are now of an age at which they
+should receive impressions of reverence. They should, therefore, see
+nothing at the Sunday service which militates against that feeling. At
+Parker's meeting individuals read the newspapers before the exercises
+begin. A good many persons come in after the prayer, and some go out
+before the conclusion of the sermon. These irregularities offend my
+sense of decorum, and appear to me undesirable in the religious
+education of my family.'"
+
+It was a grievous thing to her to make this sacrifice; she said to
+Horace Mann that to give up Parker's ministry for any other would be
+like going to the synagogue when Paul was preaching near at hand; yet,
+once made, it was the source of a lifelong joy and comfort.
+
+Mr. Clarke was then preaching at Williams Hall; hearing Parker speak of
+him warmly, she determined to attend his services. She found his
+preaching "as unlike as possible to that of Theodore Parker. He had not
+the philosophic and militant genius of Parker, but he had a genius of
+his own, poetical, harmonizing. In after years I esteemed myself
+fortunate in having passed from the drastic discipline of the one to the
+tender and reconciling ministry of the other."
+
+She has much to say in the "Reminiscences" about the dear "Saint James,"
+as his friends loved to call him. The relation between them was close
+and affectionate: the Church of the Disciples became her spiritual home.
+
+These were the days of the Civil War; we must turn back to its opening
+year to record an episode of importance to her and to others.
+
+In the autumn of 1861 she went to Washington in company with Governor
+and Mrs. Andrew, Mr. Clarke and the Doctor, who was one of the pioneers
+of the Sanitary Commission, carrying his restless energy and indomitable
+will from camp to hospital, from battle-field to bureau. She longed to
+help in some way, but felt that there was nothing she could do--except
+make lint, which we were all doing.
+
+"I could not leave my nursery to follow the march of our armies, neither
+had I the practical deftness which the preparing and packing of sanitary
+stores demanded. Something seemed to say to me, 'You would be glad to
+serve, but you cannot help anyone: you have nothing to give, and there
+is nothing for you to do.' Yet, because of my sincere desire, a word
+was given me to say, which did strengthen the hearts of those who fought
+in the field and of those who languished in the prison."
+
+Returning from a review of troops near Washington, her carriage was
+surrounded and delayed by the marching regiments: she and her companions
+sang, to beguile the tedium of the way, the war songs which every one
+was singing in those days; among them--
+
+  "John Brown's body lies a-mouldering in the grave.
+          His soul is marching on!"
+
+The soldiers liked this, cried, "Good for you!" and took up the chorus
+with its rhythmic swing.
+
+"Mrs. Howe," said Mr. Clarke, "why do you not write some good words for
+that stirring tune?"
+
+"I have often wished to do so!" she replied.
+
+Waking in the gray of the next morning, as she lay waiting for the dawn,
+the word came to her.
+
+  "Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord--"
+
+She lay perfectly still. Line by line, stanza by stanza, the words came
+sweeping on with the rhythm of marching feet, pauseless, resistless. She
+saw the long lines swinging into place before her eyes, heard the voice
+of the nation speaking through her lips. She waited till the voice was
+silent, till the last line was ended; then sprang from bed, and groping
+for pen and paper, scrawled in the gray twilight the "Battle Hymn of the
+Republic." She was used to writing thus; verses often came to her at
+night, and must be scribbled in the dark for fear of waking the baby;
+she crept back to bed, and as she fell asleep she said to herself, "I
+like this better than most things I have written." In the morning,
+while recalling the incident, she found she had forgotten the words.
+
+The poem was published in the "Atlantic Monthly" for February, 1862. "It
+was somewhat praised," she says, "on its appearance, but the
+vicissitudes of the war so engrossed public attention that small heed
+was taken of literary matters.... I knew and was content to know, that
+the poem soon found its way to the camps, as I heard from time to time
+of its being sung in chorus by the soldiers."
+
+She did not, however, realize how rapidly the hymn made its way, nor how
+strong a hold it took upon the people. It was "sung, chanted, recited,
+and used in exhortation and prayer on the eve of battle." It was printed
+in newspapers, in army hymn-books, on broadsides; it was the word of the
+hour, and the Union armies marched to its swing.
+
+Among the singers of the "Battle Hymn" was Chaplain McCabe, the fighting
+chaplain of the 122d Ohio Volunteer Infantry. He read the poem in the
+"Atlantic," and was so struck with it that he committed it to memory
+before rising from his chair. He took it with him to the front, and in
+due time to Libby Prison, whither he was sent after being captured at
+Winchester. Here, in the great bare room where hundreds of Northern
+soldiers were herded together, came one night a rumor of disaster to the
+Union arms. A great battle, their jailers told them; a great Confederate
+victory. Sadly the Northern men gathered together in groups, sitting or
+lying on the floor, talking in low tones, wondering how, where, why.
+Suddenly, one of the negroes who brought food for the prisoners stooped
+in passing and whispered to one of the sorrowful groups. The news was
+false: there had, indeed, been a great battle, but the Union army had
+won, the Confederates were defeated and scattered. Like a flame the word
+flashed through the prison. Men leaped to their feet, shouted, embraced
+one another in a frenzy of joy and triumph; and Chaplain McCabe,
+standing in the middle of the room, lifted up his great voice and sang
+aloud,--
+
+  "Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord!"
+
+Every voice took up the chorus, and Libby Prison rang with the shout of
+"Glory, glory, hallelujah!"
+
+The victory was that of Gettysburg. When, some time after, McCabe was
+released from prison, he told in Washington, before a great audience of
+loyal people, the story of his war-time experiences; and when he came to
+that night in Libby Prison, he sang the "Battle Hymn" once more. The
+effect was magical: people shouted, wept, and sang, all together; and
+when the song was ended, above the tumult of applause was heard the
+voice of Abraham Lincoln, exclaiming, while the tears rolled down his
+cheeks,--
+
+"Sing it again!"
+
+(Our mother met Lincoln in 1861, and was presented to him by Governor
+Andrew. After greeting the party, the President "seated himself so near
+the famous portrait of Washington by Gilbert Stuart as naturally to
+suggest some comparison between the two figures. On the canvas we saw
+the calm presence, the serene assurance of the man who had successfully
+accomplished a great undertaking, a vision of health and of peace. In
+the chair beside it sat a tall, bony figure, devoid of grace, a
+countenance almost redeemed from plainness by two kindly blue eyes, but
+overshadowed by the dark problems of the moment....
+
+"When we had left the presence, one of our number exclaimed, 'Helpless
+Honesty!' As if Honesty could ever be helpless.")
+
+The "Battle Hymn of the Republic" has been translated into Italian,
+Spanish, and Armenian. Written in the dark on a scrap of Sanitary
+Commission paper, it has been printed in every imaginable form, from the
+beautiful parchment edition presented to the author on her seventieth
+birthday by the New England Woman's Club, down to the cover of a tiny
+brochure advertising a cure for consumption. It has also been set to
+music many times, but never successfully. It is inseparably wedded to
+the air for which it was written, an air simple, martial, and dignified:
+no attempt to divorce the two could ever succeed.
+
+From the time of writing it to that of her death, she was constantly
+besieged by requests for autograph copies of part or the whole of the
+hymn. Sometimes the petitioners realized what they asked, as when Edmund
+Clarence Stedman wrote:--
+
+"I can well understand what a Frankenstein's monster such a creation
+grows to be--such a poem as the 'Battle Hymn,' when it has become the
+sacred scroll of millions, each one of whom would fain obtain a copy of
+it."
+
+Reasonable or unreasonable, she tried to meet every such request; no
+one can ever know how many times she copied the hymn, but if a record
+had been kept, some one with a turn for multiplication might tell us
+whether the lines put together made up a mile, or more, or less.
+
+She wrote many other poems of the war, among them "The Flag," which is
+to be found in many anthologies. As the "Battle Hymn" was the voice of
+the nation's, so this was the expression of her own ardent patriotism:--
+
+  There's a flag hangs over my threshold
+      Whose folds are more dear to me
+  Than the blood that thrills in my bosom
+      Its earnest of liberty.
+
+  And dear are the stars it harbors
+      In its sunny field of blue,
+  As the hope of a further Heaven
+      That lights all our dim lives through.
+
+This was no figure of speech, but the truth. The war and its mighty
+issues filled her heart and mind; she poured out song after song, all
+breathing the spirit of the time, the spirit of hope, resolve,
+aspiration. Everything she saw connected itself in some way with the
+great struggle. Seeing her daughters among their young friends, gay as
+youth must be gay, even in war-time, she cries out,--
+
+  Weave no more silks, ye Lyons looms,
+      To deck our girls for gay delights!
+  The crimson flower of battle blooms,
+      And solemn marches fill the night.
+
+  Weave but the flag whose bars to-day
+      Drooped heavy o'er our early dead,
+  And homely garments, coarse and gray,
+      For orphans that must earn their bread![48]
+
+  [48] "Our Orders."
+
+"The Jeweller's Shop in War-Time," "The Battle Eucharist," "The Harvard
+Student's Song," all reveal the deep feeling of her heart; we remember
+her singing of "Left Behind" (set to her own music, a wild, mournful
+chant) as something so thrilling that it catches the breath as we think
+of it.
+
+Being again in Washington in the spring of 1863, she visited the Army of
+the Potomac, in company with the wife of General Francis Barlow, and
+wrote on her return a sketch of the expedition. She carried "a fine
+Horace, which repeatedly annoyed me by tumbling in the dirt, a volume of
+Sully's Memoirs, and a little fag end of Spinoza, being his _Tractat_
+upon the Old Testament."
+
+She saw the working of the Sanitary Commission; saw "Fighting Joe"
+Hooker, who looked like "the man who can tell nineteen secrets and keep
+the twentieth, which will be the only one worth knowing"; and William H.
+Seward, "looking singularly like a man who has balanced a chip on the
+fence, and who congratulates himself upon its remaining there"; saw,
+too, from the heights above Fredericksburg (within the danger line!), an
+artillery skirmish.
+
+Departing, she writes:--
+
+"Farewell, bristling heights! farewell, sad Fredericksburg! farewell,
+river of sorrows; farewell, soldiers death-determined, upon whose
+mournful sacrifice we must shut unwilling eyes. Would it were all at
+end! the dead wept and buried, the living justified before God. For the
+deep and terrible secret of the divine idea still lies buried in the
+burning bosom of the contest. Suspected by the few, shunned by the many,
+it has not as yet leapt to light in the sight of all. This direful
+tragedy, in whose third dreary act we are, hangs all upon a great
+thought. To interpret this, through waste and woe, is the first moral
+obligation of the situation.... This terrible development of moral
+causes and effects will enchain the wonder of the world until the crisis
+of poetical justice which must end it shall have won the acquiescence of
+mankind, carrying its irresistible lesson into the mind of the critics,
+into the heart of the multitude."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX
+
+NO. 13 CHESTNUT STREET, BOSTON
+
+1864; _aet._ 45
+
+PHILOSOPHY
+
+  Naked and poor thou goest, Philosophy!
+  Thy robe of serge hath lain beneath the stars;
+  Thy weight of tresses, ponderously free,
+  Of iron hue, no golden circlet bars.
+
+  Thy pale page, Study, by thy side doth hold,
+  As by Cyprigna's her persuasive boy:
+  Twin sacks thou bear'st; one doth thy gifts infold,
+  Whose modest tendering proves immortal joy.
+
+  The other at thy patient back doth hang
+  To keep the boons thou'rt wonted to receive:
+  Reproof therein doth hide her venomed fang,
+  And hard barbaric arts, that mock and grieve.
+
+  Here is a stab, and here a mortal thrust;
+  Here galley service brought the age to loss;
+  Here lies thy virgin forehead rolled in dust
+  Beside the martyr stake of hero cross.
+
+  They who besmirched thy whiteness with their pitch,
+  Thy gallery of glories did complete;
+  They who accepted of thee so grew rich,
+  Men could not count their treasures in the street.
+
+  Thy hollow cheek, and eye of distant light,
+  Won from the chief of men their noblest love;
+  Olympian feasts thy temperance requite,
+  And thy worn weeds a priceless dowry prove.
+
+  I know not if I've caught the matchless mood
+  In which impassioned Petrarch sang of thee;
+  But this I know,--the world its plenitude
+  May keep, so I may share thy beggary.
+
+                                            J. W. H.
+
+
+After the two real homes, Green Peace and Lawton's Valley, the Chestnut
+Street house was nearest to our hearts; this, though we were there only
+three years, and though it was there that we children first saw the face
+of sorrow. It was an heroic time. The Doctor was in constant touch with
+the events of the war. He was sent by Governor Andrew to examine
+conditions of camps and hospitals, in Massachusetts and at the seat of
+war; he worked as hard on the Sanitary Commission, to which he had been
+appointed by President Lincoln, as on any other of his multifarious
+labors: his knowledge of practical warfare and his grasp of situations
+gave him a foresight of coming events which seemed well-nigh miraculous.
+When he entered the house, we all felt the electric touch, found
+ourselves in the circuit of the great current.
+
+So, these three years were notable for us all, especially for our
+mother; for beside these vital interests, she was entering upon another
+phase of development. Heretofore her life had been domestic, studious,
+social; her chief relation with the public had been through her pen. She
+now felt the need of personal contact with her audience; felt that she
+must speak her message. She says in her "Reminiscences": "In the days of
+which I now write, it was borne in upon me (as the Friends say) that I
+had much to say to my day and generation which could not and should not
+be communicated in rhyme, or even in rhythm."
+
+The character of the message, too, was changing. In the anguish of
+bereavement she sought relief in study, her lifelong resource. Religion
+and philosophy went hand in hand with her. She read Spinoza eagerly:
+read Fichte, Hegel, Schelling; finally, found in Immanuel Kant a prophet
+and a friend. But it was not enough for her to receive; she must also
+give out: her nature was radiant. She must formulate a philosophy of her
+own, and must at least offer it to the world.
+
+In September, 1863, she writes to her sister Louisa, "My Ethics are now
+the joke of my family, and Flossy or any child, wishing a second
+helping, will say: 'Is it ethical, Mamma?' Too much of my life, indeed,
+runs in this channel. I can only hope that the things I write may do
+good to somebody, how much or how little we ourselves are unable to
+measure."
+
+Yet she could make fun of her philosophers: _vide_ the following passage
+from one of her "Tribune" letters:--
+
+"We like to make a clean cut occasionally, and distinguish ourselves
+from our surroundings. Else, we and they get so wedded that we scarcely
+know ourselves apart. Do I own these four walls, or do they own me, and
+detain me here for their pleasure and preservation? Do I want these
+books, or do their ghostly authors seize me wandering near the shelves,
+impanel me by the button-hole, and insist upon pouring their bottled-up
+wisdom into my passive mind? I once read a terrible treatise of Fichte
+upon the _me and not me_, in which he gave so many reasons why I could
+not be the washstand, nor the washstand I, that I began after a while to
+doubt the fact. Had I read further, I think I should never have known
+myself from house-furniture again. Let me here remark that many of
+these gymnastics of German metaphysics seem to have no other office than
+that of harmlessly emptying the brain of all its electricity. Their
+battery strikes no hammer, turns no wheel. Fichte, having decided that
+he was not the washstand, smoked, took beer, and walked out to meet some
+philosophic friend, who, viewing himself _inclusive___, as the Germans
+say, thought he might be that among other things. Fatherland meantime
+going to the Devil--strong hands wanted, clear, practical
+brains,--infinitesimal oppression to be undermined, the century helped
+on. 'I am not the washstand,' says Fichte; 'I am everything,' says
+Hegel. Fatherland, take care of yourself. Yet who shall say that it is
+not a vital point to know our real selves from the factitious
+personalities imposed upon us, and to distinguish between the symptoms
+of our fancy and the valid phenomena of our lives?"
+
+The Journal says:--
+
+"At 11.53 [September 24] finished my Essay on Religion, for the power to
+produce which I thank God. I believe that I have in this built up a
+greater coherence between things natural and things divine than I have
+seen or heard made out after this sort by anyone else. I therefore
+rejoice over my work, ... hoping it may be of service to others, as it
+has certainly been to me."
+
+Two days later she adds, "I leave this record of my opinion of my work,
+but on reading it aloud to Paddock,[49] I found the execution of the
+task to have fallen far short of my conception of it. I shall try to
+rewrite much of the Essay."
+
+  [49] Miss Mary Paddock, our father's devoted amanuensis: one of the
+  earliest and best-loved teachers at the Perkins Institution; often our
+  mother's good helper; the faithful and lifelong friend of us all.
+
+The Journal of 1864 is a quarto volume, with a full page for every day.
+There are many blank pages, but the record is much fuller than
+heretofore.
+
+"_January 15._ Worked all the afternoon at my Essay on Distinction
+between Philosophy and Religion. Got a bad feeling from fatigue. A sort
+of trembling agony in my back and left side."
+
+Yet she went to the opera in the evening, and saw "Faust," a
+"composition with more faults than merits." She concludes the entry with
+"_Dilige et relinque_ is a good motto for some things."
+
+"_Sunday, January 17._ It was announced from the pulpit that an Essay on
+the Soul and Body would be read by a friend at Wednesday evening
+meeting. That friend was myself, that essay my Lecture on Duality. This
+would be an honor, but for my ill-deserts. Be witness, O God! that this
+is no imaginary or sentimental exclamation, but a feeling too well
+founded on fact."
+
+After the lecture she writes: "Mr. Clarke introduced me charmingly. I
+wore my white cap, not wishing to read in my thick bonnet. I had quite a
+full audience.... I consider this opportunity a great honor and
+privilege conferred upon me."
+
+"_January 28._ At a quarter before 2 P.M. finished my Essay on
+Philosophy and Religion. I thank God for this, for many infirmities,
+some physical, some moral, have threatened to interrupt my work. It is
+done, and if it is all I am to do, I am ready to die, since life now
+means work of my best sort, and I value little else, except the comfort
+of my family. Now for a little rest!"
+
+The "rest" of the following day consisted in paying eight visits between
+twelve and two o'clock and going to the opera in the evening.
+
+She now began to read her philosophical essays aloud to a chosen circle
+of friends gathered in the parlor of No. 13 Chestnut Street. After one
+of these occasions she says: "Professor Rogers took me up sharply (not
+in temper), on my first statement and definition of Polarity. I suffered
+in this, but was bound to take it in good part. A thoroughbred dog can
+bear to be lifted by the ear without squealing. Endurance is a test of
+breeding...."
+
+"_May 27, 1864._ My birthday; forty-five years old. This year, begun in
+intolerable distress, has been, I think, the most valuable one of my
+life. Paralyzed at first by Sammy's death, I soon found my only refuge
+from grief in increased activity after my kind. When he died I had
+written two-thirds of 'Proteus.' As soon as I was able, I wrote the
+remaining portion which treats of affection. At Newport I wrote my
+Introductory Lecture on 'How _Not_ to Teach Ethics,' then 'Duality of
+Character,' then my first Lecture on Religion. Returned from Newport, I
+wrote my second and third essays on Religion. I read the six essays of
+my first course to a large circle of friends at my own house, not asking
+any payment. This done, I began to write a long essay on Polarity which
+is only partially completed, intending also to write on Limitations and
+the three degrees, should it be given to me to do so. I have read and
+re-read Spinoza's Ethics within the last thirteen months. His method in
+the arrangement of thought and motive has been of great use to me, but I
+think that I have been able to give them an extended application and
+some practical illustrations which did not lie within his scope."
+
+The next day she writes: "Dreamed of dearest Sammy. Thought that he was
+in the bed, and that I was trying to nurse him in the dark as I have so
+often done. I thought that when his little lips had found my breast,
+something said in my ear, 'My life's life--the glory of the world.'
+Quoting from my lines on Mary Booth. This woke me with a sudden
+impression, _Thus Nature remembers_."
+
+She decided this spring to read some of her essays in Washington. There
+were various difficulties in the way, and she was uncertain of the
+outcome of the enterprise. She writes:--
+
+"I leave Bordentown [the home of her sister Annie] with a resolute, not
+a sanguine heart. I have no one to stand for me there, Sumner against
+me, Channing almost unknown to me, everyone else indifferent. I go in
+obedience to a deep and strong impulse which I do not understand nor
+explain, but whose bidding I cannot neglect. The satisfaction of having
+at last obeyed this interior guide is all that keeps me up, for no one,
+so far as I know, altogether approves of my going."
+
+Spite of these doubts and fears, the enterprise was successful. Perhaps
+people were glad to shut their ears for a moment to the sound of cannon
+and the crying of "Latest news from the front!" and listen to the quiet
+words of philosophic thought and suggestion.
+
+Side by side with work, as usual, went play. In January she records the
+first meeting of the new club, the "Ladies' Social," at the home of Mrs.
+Josiah Quincy. This club of clever people, familiarly known as the
+"Brain Club," was for many years one of her great pleasures. Mrs. Quincy
+was its first president. It may have been at this meeting that our
+mother, being asked to present in a few words the nature and object of
+the club, addressed the company as follows: "Ladies and Gentlemen; this
+club has been formed for the purpose of carrying on"--she paused, and
+began to twinkle--"for the purpose of _carrying on_!"
+
+She describes briefly a meeting of the club at 13 Chestnut Street:--
+
+"Entertained my Club with two charades. _Pan-demon-ium_ was the first,
+_Catastrophe_ __the second. For _Pan_ I recited some verses of Mrs.
+Browning's 'Dead Pan,' with the gods she mentions in the background, my
+own boy as Hermes. For 'Demon' I had a female Faust and a female Satan.
+Was aided by Fanny McGregor, Alice Howe, Hamilton Wilde, Charles
+Carroll, and James C. Davis, with my Flossy, who looked beautifully. The
+entertainment was voted an entire success."
+
+We remember these charades well. The words
+
+  "Aphrodite, dead and driven
+    As thy native foam thou art ..."
+
+call up the vision of Fanny McGregor, white and beautiful, lying on a
+white couch in an attitude of perfect grace.
+
+We hear our mother's voice reciting the stately verses. We see her as
+the "female Faust," first bending over her book, then listening
+entranced to the promises of Mephistopheles, finally vanishing behind a
+curtain from which the next instant sprang Florence (the one child who
+resembled her) in all the gayety of her bright youth.
+
+The next day she was, "Very weary all day. Put things to rights as well
+as I could. Read in Spinoza, Cotta, and Livy."
+
+It was for the Brain Club that she wrote "The Socio-Maniac," a cantata
+caricaturing fashionable society. She set the words to music, and sang
+with much solemnity the "Mad Song" of the heroine whose brain had been
+turned by too much gayety:--
+
+  "Her mother was a Shaw,
+    And her father was a Tompkins;
+  Her sister was a bore,
+    And her brother was a bumpkin;
+      Oh! Soci--oh! Soci--
+      Oh! Soci--e--ty!
+
+  "Her flounces were of gold,
+    And her slippers were of ermine;
+  And she looked a little bold
+    When she rose to lead the Germin;
+      Oh! Soci--oh! Soci--
+      Oh! Soci--e--ty!
+
+  "For my part I never saw
+    Where she kept her fascination;
+  But I thought she had an aw-
+    Ful conceit and affectation;
+      Oh! Soci--oh! Soci--
+      Oh! Soci--e--ty!"
+
+New interests were constantly arising. In these days Edwin Booth made
+his first appearance in Boston. Our mother and father went to the Boston
+Theatre one rainy evening, "expecting to see nothing more than an
+ordinary performance. The play was 'Richelieu,' and we had seen but
+little of Mr. Booth's part in it before we turned to each other and
+said, 'This is the real thing!'"
+
+Then they saw him in "Hamlet" and realized even more fully that a star
+had risen. He seemed
+
+  ... beautiful as dreams of maidenhood,
+      That doubt defy,
+  Young Hamlet, with his forehead grief-subdued,
+      And visioning eye.[50]
+
+  [50] "Hamlet at the Boston," _Later Lyrics_, 1866.
+
+Mr. Booth's manager asked her to write a play for the young tragedian.
+She gladly consented; Booth himself came to see her; she found him
+"modest, intelligent, and above all genuine,--the man as worthy of
+admiration as the artist."
+
+In all the range of classic fiction, to which her mind naturally turned,
+no character seemed to fit him so well as that of Hippolytus; his
+austere beauty, his reserve and shyness, all seemed to her the
+personification of the hunter-prince, beloved of Artemis, and she chose
+this theme for her play.
+
+The writing of "Hippolytus" was accomplished under difficulties. She
+says of it:--
+
+"I had at this time and for many years afterward a superstition about a
+north light. My eyes had given me some trouble, and I felt obliged to
+follow my literary work under circumstances most favorable for their
+use. The exposure of our little farmhouse [at Lawton's Valley] was south
+and west, and its only north light was derived from a window at the top
+of the attic stairs. Here was a platform just large enough to give room
+for a table two feet square. The stairs were shut off from the rest of
+the house by a stout door. And here, through the summer heats, and in
+spite of many wasps, I wrote my five-act drama, dreaming of the fine
+emphasis which Mr. Booth would give to its best passages and of the
+beautiful appearance he would make in classic costume. He, meanwhile,
+was growing into great fame and favor with the public, and was called
+hither and thither by numerous engagements. The period of his courtship
+and marriage[51] intervened, and a number of years elapsed between the
+completion of the play and his first reading of it."
+
+  [51] To Mary Devlin, an actress of great charm.
+
+At last the time seemed ripe for the production of the play. E. L.
+Davenport, the actor manager of the Howard Athenaeum, agreed to produce
+it: Charlotte Cushman was to play Phaedra to Booth's Hippolytus.
+Rehearsals began, the author's dream seemed close upon fulfilment. Then
+came a slip never fully explained: the manager suddenly discovered that
+the subject of the play was a painful one; other reasons were given, but
+none that appeared sufficient to author or actors.
+
+"My dear," said Miss Cushman, "if Edwin Booth and I had done nothing
+more than stand upon the stage and say 'good evening' to each other, the
+house would have been filled."
+
+Briefly, the play was withdrawn. Our mother says: "This was, I think,
+the greatest 'let down' that I ever experienced. It affected me
+seriously for some days, after which I determined to attempt nothing
+more for the stage."
+
+She never forgot the play nor her bitter disappointment.
+
+Many memories cluster about the gracious figure of Edwin Booth. He came
+often--for so shy and retiring a man--to the Chestnut Street house. We
+children all worshipped at his shrine; the elder girls worked his
+initials on the under side of the chair in which he once sat, which was
+thereafter like no other chair; the younger ones gazed in round-eyed
+admiration, but the great man had eyes for one only of us all. We gave a
+party for him, and Beacon Street came in force to meet the brilliant
+young actor. Alas! the brilliant young actor, after the briefest and
+shyest of greetings to the company, retired into a corner with
+eight-year-old Maud, where he sat on the floor making dolls and rabbits
+out of his pocket handkerchief!
+
+This recalls an oft-quoted anecdote of the time. Our mother wished
+Charles Sumner to see and know Booth. One evening when the Senator was
+at the house, she told him of her wish. The next day she writes in her
+Journal: "Sumner to tea. Made a rude speech on being asked to meet
+Booth. Said: 'I don't know that I should care to meet him. I have
+outlived my interest in individuals.' Fortunately, God Almighty had not,
+by last accounts, got so far."
+
+Sumner was told of this in her presence. "What a strange sort of book,"
+he exclaimed, "your diary must be! You ought to strike that out
+immediately."
+
+She admired Charles Sumner heartily, but they disagreed on many points.
+He disapproved of women's speaking in public (as did the Doctor),
+and--with wholly kind intentions--did what he could to prevent her
+giving the above-mentioned readings in Washington. She notes this in her
+Journal.
+
+"I wrote him a very warm letter, but with no injurious phrase, as I felt
+only grief and indignation, not dis-esteem, towards him. Yet the fact of
+having written the letter became extremely painful to me, when it was
+once beyond recall. I could not help writing a second on the day
+following, to apologize for the roughness of the first. This was a
+diplomatic fault, I think, but one inseparable from my character. C.S.'s
+reply, which I dreaded to read, was very kind. While I clearly saw his
+misapprehension of the whole matter, I saw also the thorough kindliness
+and sincerity of his nature. So we disagree, but I love him."
+
+Mr. Sumner did not attend the readings, but he came to see her, and was,
+as always, kind and friendly. After seeing him in the Senate she writes:
+"Sumner looks up and smiles. That smile seems to illuminate the Senate."
+
+Another passage in the Journal of March, 1864, is in a different note:
+"Maggie ill and company to dinner. I washed breakfast things, cleared
+the table, walked, read Spinoza a little, then had to 'fly round,' as my
+dinner was an early one. Picked a grouse, and saw to various matters.
+Company came, a little early. The room was cold. Hedge, Palfrey, and
+Alger to dinner. Conversation pleasant, but dinner late, and not well
+served. Palfrey and Hedge read Parker's Latin epitaph on Chev, amazed at
+the bad Latinity."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In June, 1864, a Russian squadron, sent to show Russia's good-will
+toward the United States, dropped anchor in Boston Harbor, and
+hospitable Boston rose up in haste to receive the strangers. Dr. Holmes
+wrote a song beginning,--
+
+  "Seabirds of Muscovy,
+    Rest in our waters,"--
+
+which was sung to the Russian national air at a public reception.
+
+Our mother for once made no "little verse," but she saw a good deal of
+the Russian officers; gave parties for them, and attended various
+functions and festivities on board the ships. On Sunday, June 22, she
+writes:--
+
+"To mass on board the Oslaba.... The service was like the Armenian
+Easter I saw in Rome.... It is a sacrifice to God instead of a lesson
+from Him, which after all makes the difference between the old religions
+and the true Christian. For even Judaism is heathen compared with
+Christianity. Yet I found this very consoling, as filling out the
+verities of religious development. I seemed to hear in the responses a
+great harmony in which the first man had the extreme bass and the last
+born babe the extreme treble. Theo. Parker and my dear Sammy were
+blended in it."
+
+Soon after this the "seabirds of Muscovy" departed; then came the
+flitting to Newport, and a summer of steady work.
+
+"Read Paul in the Valley. Thought of writing a review of his first two
+epistles from the point of view of the common understanding. The clumsy
+Western mind has made such literal and material interpretations of the
+Oriental finesses of the New Testament, that the present coarse and
+monstrous beliefs, so far behind the philosophical, aesthetic, and
+natural culture of the age, is imposed by the authority of the few upon
+the ignorance of the many, and stands a monument of the stupidity of
+all.
+
+"Paul's views of the natural man are, inevitably, much colored by the
+current bestiality of the period. To apply his expressions to the
+innocent and inevitable course of Nature is coarse, unjust, and
+demoralizing, because confusing to the moral sense."
+
+"I came to the conclusion to-day that an heroic intention is not to be
+kept in sight without much endeavor. Now that I have finished at least
+one portion of my Ethics and Dynamics, I find myself thinking how to get
+just credit for it, rather than how to make my work most useful to
+others. The latter must, however, be my object, and shall be. Did not
+Chev so discourage it, I should feel bound to give these lectures
+publicly, being, as they are, a work for the public. I do not as yet
+decide what to do with them."
+
+Returning to 13 Chestnut Street, she found a multiplicity of work
+awaiting her. Ethics had to stand aside and make way for Poetry and
+Philanthropy. New York was to celebrate the seventieth birthday of
+William Cullen Bryant; she was asked to write a poem for the occasion.
+This she did joyfully, composing and arranging the stanzas mostly in the
+train between Newport and Boston.
+
+On the day of the celebration, she took an early train for New York: Dr.
+Oliver Wendell Holmes was on the train. "I will sit by you, Mrs. Howe,"
+he said, "but I must not talk! I am going to read a poem at the Bryant
+celebration, and must save my voice."
+
+"By all means let us keep silent," she replied. "I also have a poem to
+read at the Bryant Celebration."
+
+Describing this scene she says, "The dear Doctor, always my friend,
+overestimated his power of abstinence from the interchange of thought
+which was so congenial to him. He at once launched forth in his own
+brilliant vein, and we were within a few miles of our destination when
+we suddenly remembered that we had not taken time to eat our luncheon."
+
+George Bancroft met them at the station, carried her trunk himself ("a
+small one!"), and put her into his own carriage. The reception was in
+the Century Building. She entered on Mr. Bryant's arm, and sat between
+him and Mr. Bancroft on the platform. The Journal tells us:--
+
+"After Mr. Emerson's remarks my poem was announced. I stepped to the
+middle of the platform, and read my poem. I was full of it, and read it
+well, I think, as every one heard me, and the large room was crammed.
+The last two verses--not the best--were applauded.... This was, I
+suppose, the greatest public honor of my life. I record it for my
+grandchildren."
+
+The November pages of the Journal are blank, but on that for November 21
+is pasted a significant note. It is from the secretary of the National
+Sailors' Fair, and conveys the thanks of the Board of Managers to Mrs.
+Howe "for her great industry and labor in editing the 'Boatswain's
+Whistle.'"
+
+Neither Journal nor "Reminiscences" has one word to say about fair or
+paper; yet both were notable. The great war-time fairs were far more
+than a device for raising money. They were festivals of patriotism;
+people bought and sold with a kind of sacred ardor. This fair was
+Boston's contribution toward the National Sailors' Home. It was held in
+the Boston Theatre, which for a week was transformed into a wonderful
+hive of varicolored bees, all "workers," all humming and hurrying. The
+"Boatswain's Whistle" was the organ of the fair. There were ten numbers
+of the paper: it lies before us now, a small folio volume of eighty
+pages.
+
+Title and management are indicated at the top of the first column:--
+
+
+THE BOATSWAIN'S WHISTLE.
+
+         -----------------
+         Editorial Council.
+
+  Edward Everett.        A. P. Peabody.
+
+  John G. Whittier.      J. R. Lowell.
+
+  O. W. Holmes.          E. P. Whipple.
+
+         -----------------
+              Editor.
+
+          Julia Ward Howe.
+
+Each member of the Council made at least one contribution to the paper;
+but the burden fell on the Editor's shoulders. She worked day and night;
+no wonder that the pages of the Journal are blank. Beside the editorials
+and many other unsigned articles, she wrote a serial story, "The Journal
+of a Fancy Fair," which brings back vividly the scene it describes. In
+those days the raffle was not discredited. Few people realized that it
+was a crude form of gambling; clergy and laity alike raffled merrily.
+Our mother, however, in her story speaks through the lips of her hero a
+pungent word on the subject:--
+
+"The raffle business is, I suppose, the great humbug of occasions of
+this kind. It seems to me very much like taking a front tooth from a
+certain number of persons in order to make up a set of teeth for a party
+who wants it and who does not want to pay for it."
+
+We should like to linger over the pages of the "Boatswain's Whistle"; to
+quote from James Freeman Clarke's witty dialogues, Edward Everett's
+stately periods, Dr. Holmes's sparkling verse; to describe General
+Grant, the prize ox, white as driven snow and weighing 3900 pounds,
+presented by the owner to President Lincoln and by him to the fair. Did
+we not see him drawn in triumph through Boston streets on an open car,
+and realize in an instant--fresh from our "Wonder-Book"--what Europa's
+bull looked like?
+
+But of all the treasures of the little paper, we must content ourselves
+with this dispatch:--
+
+Allow me to wish you a great success. With the old fame of the navy made
+bright by the present war, you cannot fail. I name none lest I wrong
+others by omission. To all, from Rear Admiral to honest Jack, I tender
+the nation's admiration and gratitude.
+
+                                                      A. LINCOLN.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER X
+
+THE WIDER OUTLOOK
+
+1865; _aet._ 46
+
+THE WORD
+
+  Had I one of thy words, my Master,
+    With a spirit and tone of thine,
+  I would run to the farthest Indies
+    To scatter the joy divine.
+
+  I would waken the frozen ocean
+    With a billowy burst of joy:
+  Stir the ships at their grim ice-moorings
+    The summer passes by.
+
+  I would enter court and hovel,
+    Forgetful of mien or dress,
+  With a treasure that all should ask for,
+    An errand that all should bless.
+
+  I seek for thy words, my Master,
+    With a spelling vexed and slow:
+  With scanty illuminations
+    In an alphabet of woe.
+
+  But while I am searching, scanning
+    A lesson none ask to hear,
+  My life writeth out thy sentence
+    Divinely just and dear.
+
+                                      J. W. H.
+
+
+The war was nearly over, and all hearts were with Grant and Lee in their
+long duel before Richmond. Patriotism and philosophy together ruled our
+mother's life in these days; the former more apparent in her daily walk
+among us, the latter in the quiet hours with her Journal.
+
+The Journal for 1865 is much fuller than that of 1864; the record of
+events is more regular, and we find more and more reflection,
+meditation, and speculation. The influence of Kant is apparent; the
+entries become largely notes of study, to take final shape in lectures
+and essays.
+
+"A morning visit received in study hours is a sickness from which the
+day does not recover. I can neither afford to be idle, nor to have
+friends who are so."
+
+"Man is impelled by inward force, regulated by outward circumstance. He
+is inspired from within, moralized from without.... A man may be devout
+in himself, but he can be moral only in his relation with other men...."
+
+"Early to Mary Dorr's, to consult about the Charade. Read Kant and wrote
+as usual. Spent the afternoon in getting up my costumes for the Charade.
+The word was Au-thor-ship.... Authorship was expressed by my appearing
+as a great composer, Jerry Abbott performing my Oratorio--a very comical
+thing, indeed. The whole was a success."
+
+No one who saw the "Oratorio" can forget it. Mr. Abbott, our neighbor in
+Chestnut Street, was a comedian who would have adorned any stage. The
+"book" of the Oratorio was a simple rhyme of Boston authorship.
+
+  "Abigail Lord,
+  Of her own accord,
+  Went down to see her sister,
+  When Jason Lee,
+  As brisk as a flea,
+  He hopped right up and kissed her."
+
+With these words, an umbrella, and a chair held before him like a
+violoncello, Mr. Abbott gave a truly Handelian performance. Fugue and
+counterpoint, first violin and bass tuba, solo and full chorus, all were
+rendered with a _verve_ and spirit which sent the audience into
+convulsions of laughter.--This was one of the "carryings-on" of the
+Brain Club. After another such occasion our mother writes:--
+
+"Very weary and aching a little. I must keep out of these tomfooleries,
+though they have their uses. They are much better than some other social
+entertainments, as after all they present some aesthetic points of
+interest. They are better than scandal, gluttony, or wild dancing. But
+the artists and I have still better things to do."
+
+"_January 23._ It is always legitimate to wish to rise above one's self,
+never above others. In this, however, as in other things, we must
+remember the maxim: '_Natura nil facit per saltum_.' All true rising
+must be gradual and laborious, in such wise that the men of to-morrow
+shall look down almost imperceptibly upon the men of to-day. All sudden
+elevations are either imaginary or factitious. If you had not a kingly
+mind before your coronation, no crown will make a king of you. The true
+king is somewhere, starving or hiding, very like. For the true value
+which the counterfeit represents exists somewhere. The world has much
+dodging about to produce the real value and escape the false one."
+
+Throughout the Journal, we find a revelation of the conflict in this
+strangely dual nature. Her study was, she thought, her true home; yet no
+one who saw her in society would have dreamed that she was making an
+effort: _nor was she_! She gave herself up entirely to the work or the
+play of the hour. She was a many-sided crystal: every aspect of life met
+its answering flash. The glow of human intercourse kindled her to flame;
+but when the flame had cooled, the need of solitude and study lay on her
+with twofold poignancy. She went through life in double harness, thought
+and feeling abreast; though often torn between the two, in the main she
+gave free rein to both, trusting the issue to God.
+
+The winter of 1864-65 was an arduous one. She was writing new
+philosophical essays, and reading them before various circles of
+friends. The larger audience which she craved was not for the moment
+attainable. She was studying deeply, reading Latin by way of relaxation,
+going somewhat into society (Julia and Florence being now of the dancing
+age), and entertaining a good deal in a quiet way. In February she
+writes: "Much tormented by interruptions. Could not get five quiet
+minutes at a time. Everybody torments me with every smallest errand. And
+I am trying to study philosophy!"
+
+Probably we were troublesome children and made more noise than we
+should. Her accurate ear for music was often a source of distress to
+her, as one of us can witness, an indolent child who neglected her
+practising. As this child drummed over her scales, the door of the
+upstairs study would open, and a clear voice come ringing down, "_B
+flat_, dear, _not_ B natural!"
+
+It seemed to the child a miracle; she, with the book before her, could
+not get it right: "Mamma," studying Kant upstairs behind closed doors,
+knew what the note should be.
+
+"Few of us consider the wide and laborious significance of the simplest
+formulas we employ. 'I love you!' opens out a long vista of labor and
+endeavor; otherwise it means: 'I love myself and need you.'..."
+
+"Played all last evening for Laura's company to dance. My heart flutters
+to-day. It is a feeling unknown to me until lately."
+
+Now, Laura would have gone barefoot in snow to save her mother pain or
+fatigue; yet she has no recollection of ever questioning the
+inevitability of "Mamma's" playing for all youthful dancing. Grown-up
+parties were different; for them there were hired musicians, who made
+inferior music; but for the frolics of the early 'teens, who _should_
+play except "Mamma"?
+
+On March 10, she writes: "I have now been too long in my study. I must
+break out into real life, and learn some more of its lessons."
+
+Two days later a lesson began: "I stay from church to-day to take care
+of Maud, who is quite unwell. This is a sacrifice, although I am bound
+and glad to make it. But I shall miss the church all the week."
+
+The child became so ill that "all pursuits had to be given up in the
+care of her." The Journal gives a minute account of this illness, and of
+the remedies used, among them "long-continued and gentle friction with
+the hand." The words bring back the touch of her hand, which was like no
+other. There were no trained nurses in our nursery, rarely any doctor
+save "Papa," but "Mamma" rubbed us, and that was a whole
+pharmacopoeia in itself.
+
+At this time she gave her first public lecture before the Parker
+Fraternity. This was an important event to her; she had earnestly
+desired yet greatly dreaded it. She found the hall pleasant, the
+audience attentive. "When I came to read the lecture," she says, "I felt
+that it had a value."
+
+"All these things in my mind point one way, viz.: towards the adoption
+of a profession of Ethical exposition, after my sort."
+
+She had been asked to give a lecture at Tufts College, and says of this:
+"The difficulties are great, the question is to me one of simple duty.
+If I am sent for, and have the word to say, I should say it."
+
+And again: "I determine that I can only be good in fulfilling my highest
+function--all else implies waste of power, leading to demoralization."
+
+She declined the invitation, "feeling unable to decide in favor of
+accepting it."
+
+"But I was sorry," she says, "and I remembered the words: 'He that hath
+put his hand to the plough and looketh back is not fit for the kingdom
+of heaven.' God keep me from so looking back!"
+
+The Journal of this spring is largely devoted to philosophic
+speculations and commentaries on Kant, whose theories she finds more and
+more luminous and convincing; now and then comes a note of her own:--
+
+"'I am God!' says the fool. 'I see God!' says the wise man. For while
+you are your own supreme, you are your own God, and self-worship is true
+atheism."
+
+"It is better to use a bad man by his better side than a good man by his
+worse side."
+
+"Christ said that he was older than Abraham. I think that he used this
+expression as a measure of value. His thoughts were further back in the
+primal Ideal necessity. He did not speak of any personal life antedating
+his own existence.... In his own sense, Christ was also newer than we
+are, for his doctrine is still beyond the attainment of all and the
+appreciation of most of us."
+
+"There is no essential religious element in negation."
+
+"Saw Booth in 'Hamlet'--still first-rate, I think, although he has
+played it one hundred nights in New York. 'Hamlet' is an aesthetic
+Evangel. I know of no direct ethical work which contains such powerful
+moral illustration and instruction."
+
+"James Freeman [Clarke] does not think much of Sam's book, probably not
+as well as it deserves. But the knowledge of Sam's personality is the
+light behind the transparency in all that he does."[52]
+
+  [52] _Lyrical Ventures_, by Samuel Ward.
+
+These were the closing months of the Civil War. All hearts were lifted
+up in thankfulness that the end was near. She speaks of it seldom, but
+her few words are significant.
+
+"_Monday, April 3...._ Richmond was taken this morning. _Laus Deo!_"
+
+On April 10, after "Maud's boots, $3.00, Vegetables, .12, Bread, .04,"
+we read, "Ribbons for victory, .40. To-day we have the news of Lee's
+surrender with the whole remnant of his army. The city is alive with
+people. All flags hung out--shop windows decorated--processions in the
+street. All friends meet and shake hands. On the newspaper bulletins
+such placards as '_Gloria in excelsis Deo_,' 'Thanks be to God!' We all
+call it the greatest day of our lives.
+
+"Apples, half-peck, .50."
+
+That week was one of joy and thankfulness for all. Thursday was Fast
+Day; she "went to church to fatigue Satan. Afterwards made a visit to
+Mrs. ---- who did not seem to have tired her devil out."
+
+The joy bells were soon to be silenced. Saturday, April 15, was
+
+"A black day in history, though outwardly most fair. President Lincoln
+was assassinated in his box at the theatre, last evening, by J. Wilkes
+Booth. This atrocious act, which was consummated in a very theatrical
+manner, is enough to ruin not the Booth family alone, but the theatrical
+profession. Since my Sammy's death, nothing has happened that has given
+me so much personal pain as this event. The city is paralyzed. But we
+can only work on, and trust in God."
+
+Our father's face of tragedy, the anguish in his voice, as he called us
+down to hear the news, come vividly before us to-day, one of the
+clearest impressions of our youth. Our mother went with him next day to
+hear Governor Andrew's official announcement of the murder to the
+Legislature, and heard with deep emotion his quotation from
+"Macbeth":--
+
+                  "Besides, this Duncan
+  Hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been
+  So clear in his great office, that his virtues
+  Will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued, against
+  The deep damnation of his taking-off," etc.
+
+Wednesday, April 19, was:--
+
+"The day of President Lincoln's funeral. A sad, disconnected day. I
+could not work, but strolled around to see the houses, variously draped
+in black and white. Went to Bartol's church, not knowing of a service at
+our own. Bartol's remarks were tender and pathetic. I was pleased to
+have heard them.
+
+"Wrote some verses about the President--pretty good,
+perhaps,--scratching the last nearly in the dark, just before bedtime."
+
+This is the poem called "Parricide." It begins:--
+
+  O'er the warrior gauntlet grim
+  Late the silken glove we drew.
+  Bade the watch-fires slacken dim
+  In the dawn's auspicious hue.
+  Staid the armed heel;
+  Still the clanging steel;
+  Joys unwonted thrilled the silence through.
+
+On April 27 she "heard of Wilkes Booth's death--shot on refusing to give
+himself up--the best thing that could have happened to himself and his
+family"; and wrote a second poem entitled "Pardon," embodying her second
+and permanent thought on the subject:
+
+  Pains the sharp sentence the heart in whose wrath it was uttered,
+                    Now thou art cold;
+  Vengeance, the headlong, and Justice, with purpose close muttered,
+                    Loosen their hold, etc.
+
+Brief entries note the closing events of the war.
+
+"_May 13._ Worked much on Essay.... In the evening said to Laura: 'Jeff
+Davis will be taken to-morrow.' Was so strongly impressed with the
+thought that I wanted to say it to Chev, but thought it was too silly."
+
+"_May 14._ The first thing I heard in the morning was the news of the
+capture of Jeff Davis. This made me think of my preluding the night
+before...."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Other things beside essays demanded work in these days. The great
+struggle was now over, and with it the long strain on heart and nerve,
+culminating in the tragic emotion of the past weeks. The inevitable
+reaction set in. Her whole nature cried out for play, and play meant
+work.
+
+"Working all day for the Girls' Party, to-morrow evening. Got only a
+very short reading of Kant, and of Tyndall. Tea with the Bartols. Talk
+with [E. P.] Whipple, who furiously attacked Tacitus. Bartol and I, who
+know a good deal more about him, made a strong fight in his behalf."
+
+"Working all day for the Party. The lists of men and women accepting and
+declining were balanced by my daughter F. with amusing anxiety.... The
+two sexes are now neck and neck. Dear little Maud was in high glee over
+every male acceptance. Out of all this hubbub got a precious forty-five
+minutes with Kant...."
+
+The party proved "very gay and pleasant."
+
+Now came a more important event: the Musical Festival celebrating the
+close of the war, which was given by the Handel and Haydn Society, at
+its semi-centennial, in May, 1865. Our mother sang alto in the chorus.
+The Journal records daily, sometimes semi-daily, rehearsals and
+performances, Kant squeezed to the wall, and getting with difficulty his
+daily hour or half-hour. Mendelssohn's "Hymn of Praise" and "Elijah";
+Haydn's "Creation," Handel's "Messiah" and "Israel in Egypt"; she sang
+in them all.
+
+Here is a sample Festival day:--
+
+"Attended morning rehearsal, afternoon concert, and sang in the evening.
+We gave 'Israel in Egypt' and Mendelssohn's 'Hymn of Praise.' I got a
+short reading of Kant, which helped me through the day. But so much
+music is more than human nerves can respond to with pleasure. This
+confirms my belief in the limited power of our sensibilities in the
+direction of pure enjoyment. The singing in the choruses fatigues me
+less than hearing so many things."
+
+After describing the glorious final performance of the "Messiah," she
+writes:--
+
+"So farewell, delightful Festival! I little thought what a week of youth
+was in store for me. For these things carried me back to my early years,
+and their passion for music. I remembered the wholeness with which I
+used to give myself up to the concerts and oratorios in New York, and
+the intense reaction of melancholy which always followed these
+occasions."
+
+And the next day:--
+
+"Still mourning the Festival a little. If I had kept up my music as I
+intended, in my early youth, I should never have done what I have
+done--should never have studied philosophy, nor written what I have
+written. My life would have been more natural and passionate, but I
+think less valuable. Yet I cannot but regret the privation of this
+element in which I have lived for years. But I do believe that music is
+the most expensive of the fine arts. It uses up the whole man more than
+the other arts do, and builds him up less. It is more passional, less
+intellectual, than the other arts. Its mastery is simple and absolute,
+while that of the other arts is so complex as to involve a larger sphere
+of thought and reflection. I have observed the faces of this orchestra
+just disbanded. Their average is considerably above the ordinary one.
+But they have probably more talent than thought."
+
+On May 31 we find a significant entry. The evening before she had
+attended the Unitarian Convention, and "heard much tolerable speaking,
+but nothing of any special value or importance." She now writes:--
+
+"I really suffered last evening from the crowd of things which I wished
+to say, and which, at one word of command, would have flashed into life
+and, I think, into eloquence. It is by a fine use of natural logic that
+the Quaker denomination allows women to speak, under the pressure of
+religious conviction. 'In Christ Jesus there is neither male nor
+female,' is a good sentence. Paul did not carry this out in his church
+discipline, yet, one sees, he felt it in his religious contemplation. I
+feel that a woman's whole moral responsibility is lowered by the fact
+that she must never obey a transcendent command of conscience. Man can
+give her nothing to take the place of this. It is the _divine_ right of
+the human soul."
+
+The fatigue and excitement of the Festival had to be paid for: the
+inevitable reaction set in.
+
+"_June 3._ Decidedly I have spleen in these days. Throughout my whole
+body, I feel a mingled restlessness and feebleness, as if the nerves
+were irritated, and the muscles powerless. I feel puzzled, too, about
+the worth of what I have been doing for nearly three years past. There
+is no one to help me in these matters. I determine still to work on and
+hope on. Much of the work of every life is done in the dark."
+
+Again: "Spleen to-day, and utter discouragement. The wind is east, and
+this gives me the strange feeling, described before, of restlessness and
+powerlessness. My literary affairs are in a very confused state. I have
+no market. This troubles me.... God keep me from falling away from my
+purpose, to do only what seems to me necessary and called for in my
+vocation, and not to produce for money, praise, or amusement."
+
+"Was melancholy and Godless all day, having taken my volume of Kant back
+to the Athenaeum for the yearly rearrangement. Could not interest myself
+in anything.... Visited old Mrs. Sumner,[53] whose chariot and horses
+are nearly ready."
+
+  [53] The mother of Charles Sumner.
+
+At this time there was some question of selling Lawton's Valley for
+economic reasons. The exigency passed, but the following words show the
+depth of her feeling on the subject: "If I have any true philosophy, any
+sincere religion, these must support me under the privation of the
+Valley. I feel this, and resolve to do well, but nature will suffer.
+That place has been my confidante,--my bosom friend,--intimate to me as
+no human being ever will be--dear and comforting also to my
+children...."
+
+"_June 11...._ Thought of a good text for a sermon, 'In the world ye
+shall have tribulation,' the scope being to show that our tribulation,
+if we try to do well, is in the world, our refuge and comfort in the
+church. Thought of starting a society in Newport for the practice of
+sacred music, availing ourselves of the summer musicians and the
+possible aid of such ladies as Miss Reed, etc., for solos. Such an
+enterprise would be humanizing, and would supply a better object than
+the empty reunions of fashion...."
+
+"_Wednesday, June 21._ Attended the meeting at Faneuil Hall, for the
+consideration of reconstruction of the Southern States. Dana made a
+statement to the effect that voting was a civic, not a natural, right,
+and built up the propriety of negro suffrage on the basis first of
+military right, then of duty to the negro, this being the only mode of
+enabling him to protect himself against his late master. His treatment
+was intended to be exhaustive, and was able, though cold and conceited.
+Beecher tumbled up on the platform immediately after, not having heard
+him, knocked the whole question to pieces with his great democratic
+power, his humor, his passion, and his magnetism. It was Nature after
+Art, and his nature is much greater than Dana's art."
+
+A few days after this she writes: "... Sumner in the evening--a long
+and pleasant visit. He is a very sweet-hearted man, and does not grow
+old."
+
+The Musical Festival had not yet exacted full arrears of payment; she
+was too weary even to enjoy the Valley at first; but after a few days of
+its beloved seclusion she shook off fatigue and was herself again,
+reading Kant and Livy, teaching the children, and gathering mussels on
+the beach.
+
+She flits up to town to see the new statue of Horace Mann, "in order to
+criticise it for Chev's pamphlet";[54] meets William Hunt, who praises
+its simplicity and parental character; and Charles Sumner, who tells her
+it looks better on a nearer view.
+
+  [54] Dr. Howe raised the money for this statue.
+
+The day after--"we abode in the Valley, when three detachments of
+company tumbled in upon us, to wit, Colonel Higginson and Mrs. McKay,
+the Tweedys and John Field, and the Gulstons. All were friendly. Only on
+my speaking of the rudeness occasionally shown me by a certain lady,
+Mrs. Tweedy said: 'But that was in the presence of your superiors, was
+it not?' I replied: 'I do not know that I was ever in Mrs. X.'s company
+under those circumstances!' After which we all laughed."
+
+She was at this time sitting to Miss Margaret Foley for a portrait
+medallion and was writing philosophy and poetry. Family and household
+matters also claimed their share of attention.
+
+"Finished reading over 'Polarity' [her essay]. Reading to the children,
+'Foxes have holes, and birds of the air have nests, but the Son of Man
+hath not where to lay his head'--my little Maud's eyes filled with
+tears."
+
+"Much worried by want of preparedness for today's picnic. Managed to get
+up three chickens killed on short notice, a pan of excellent
+gingerbread, two cans of peaches, and a little bread and butter. Went in
+the express wagon.... At the picnic I repeated my Cambridge poem, ...
+and read 'Amanda's Inventory' and my long poem on Lincoln's death....
+Duty depends on an objective, happiness upon a subjective, sense. The
+first is capable of a general and particular definition, the second is
+not."
+
+"In the afternoon mended Harry's shirt, finished Maud's skirt, read Livy
+and Tyndall, and played croquet, which made me very cross."
+
+"Exhumed my French story and began its termination. Mended a sheet badly
+torn."
+
+After a long list of purchases--
+
+"Worked like a dog all day. Went in town, running about to pick up all
+the articles above mentioned.... Came home--cut bread and butter and
+spread sandwiches till just within time to slip off one dress and slip
+on another. My company was most pleasant, and more numerous than I had
+anticipated...."
+
+"Legal right is the universal compulsion which secures universal
+liberty."
+
+"I feel quite disheartened when I compare this summer with the last. I
+was so happy and hopeful in writing my three Essays and thought they
+should open such a vista of usefulness to me, and of good to others. But
+the opposition of my family has made it almost impossible for me to
+make the use intended of them. My health has not allowed me to continue
+to produce so much. I feel saddened and doubtful of the value of what I
+have done or can do...."
+
+"_August 23...._ Rights and duties are inseparable in human beings. God
+has rights without duties. Men have rights and duties. If a slave have
+not rights, he also has not duties...."
+
+"With the girls to a matinee at Bellevue Hall. They danced and I was
+happy."
+
+"My croquet party kept me busy all day. It was pleasant enough...."
+
+"... 'My peace I give unto you' is a wonderful saying. What peace have
+most of us to give each other? But Christ has given peace to the world,
+peace at least as an ideal object, to be ever sought, though never fully
+attained."
+
+"_September 10...._ Read Kant on state rights. According to him, wars of
+conquest are allowable only in a state of nature, not in a state of
+peace (which is not to be attained without a compact whose necessity is
+supreme and whose obligations are sacred). So Napoleon's crusade against
+the constituted authority of the European republic was without logical
+justification,--which accounts for the speedy downfall of his empire.
+What he accomplished had only the subjective justification of his genius
+and his ambition. His work was of great indirect use in sweeping away
+certain barriers of usage and of superstition. He drew a picture of
+government on a large scale and thus set a pattern which inevitably
+enlarged the procedures of his successors, who lost through him the
+prestige of divine right and of absolute power. But the inadequacy of
+his object showed itself through the affluence of his genius. The
+universal dominion of the Napoleon family was not to be desired or
+endured by the civilized world at large. The tortoise in the end
+overtook the hare, and slow, plodding Justice, with her loyal hack,
+distanced splendid Ambition mounted on first-rate ability, once and
+forever...."
+
+"To Zion church, to hear ---- preach. Text, 'Son, remember that thou in
+thy lifetime receivedst thy good things.' Sermon as far removed from it
+as possible, weak, sentimental, and illiterate. He left out the 'd' in
+'receivedst,' and committed other errors in pronunciation. But to sit
+with the two aunts[55] in the old church, so familiar to my childhood,
+was touching and impressive. Hither my father was careful to bring us.
+Imperfect as his doctrine now appears to me, he looks down upon me from
+the height of a better life than mine, and still appears to me as my
+superior."
+
+  [55] Mrs. Francis and Mrs. McAllister.
+
+"A little nervous about my reading. Reached Mrs. [Richard] Hunt's at
+twelve. Saw the sweet little boy. Mrs. Hunt very kind and cordial. At
+one Mr. Hunt led me to the studio which I found well filled, my two
+aunts in the front row, to my great surprise; Bancroft, too, quite near
+me. I shortened the essay somewhat. It was well heard and received.
+Afterwards I read my poem called 'Philosophy,' and was urged to recite
+my 'Battle Hymn,' which I did. I was much gratified by the kind
+reception I met with and the sight of many friends of my youth. A most
+pleasant lunch afterwards at Mrs. Hunt's, with Tweedys, Tuckermans, and
+Laura."
+
+"I see no outlook before me. So many fields for activity, but for
+passivity, which seems incumbent upon me, only uselessness, obscurity,
+deterioration. Some effort I must make."
+
+Many efforts were impending, though not precisely in the direction
+contemplated. First, a new abode must be found for the winter, as the
+owners of 13 Chestnut Street claimed it for themselves. She and the
+Doctor added house-hunting to their other burdens, and found it a heavy
+one. On October 6 she writes:--
+
+"Much excited about plans and prospects. Chev has bought the house in
+Boylston Place.[56] God grant it may be for the best. Determine to have
+classes in philosophy, and to ask a reasonable price for my tickets....
+
+  [56] No. 19.
+
+"The Sunday's devotion without the week's thought and use is a spire
+without a meeting-house. It leaps upward, but crowns and covers nothing.
+
+"I have too often set down the moral weight I have to carry, and frisked
+around it. But the voice now tells me that I must bear it to the end, or
+lose it forever."
+
+The move to Boylston Place was in November. Early in the month a
+"frisking" took place, with amusing results. Our mother went with
+Governor and Mrs. Andrew and a gay party to Barnstable for the annual
+festival and ball. The Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company acted as
+escort, and--according to custom--the band of the Company furnished the
+music. For some reason--the townspeople thought because the pretty girls
+were all engaged beforehand for the dance--the officer in command
+stopped the music at twelve o'clock, to the great distress of the
+Barnstable people who had ordered their carriages at two or later. The
+party broke up in disorder far from "admired," and our mother
+crystallized the general feeling in the following verses, which the
+Barnstableites promptly printed in a "broadside," and sang to the then
+popular tune of "Lanigan's Ball":--
+
+
+THE BARNSTABLE BALL
+
+A LYRIC
+
+(_Appointed to be sung in all Social Meetings on the Cape_)
+
+  March away with your old artillery;
+    Don't come back till we give you a call.
+  Put your Colonel into the pillory;
+    He broke up the Barnstable Ball.
+
+  Country folks don't go a-pleasuring
+    Every day, as it doth befall;
+  They with deepest scorn are measuring
+    Him who broke up the Barnstable Ball.
+
+  He came down with his motley company,
+    Stalking round the 'cultural hall;
+  Couldn't find a partner to jump any,
+    So broke up the Barnstable Ball.
+
+  Warn't it enough with their smoking and thundering,
+    Sweeping about like leaves in a squall,
+  But they must take to theft and plundering,--
+    Steal the half of the Barnstable Ball?
+
+  Put the music into their pocket,
+    Order the figure-man not to bawl,
+  Twenty jigs were still on the docket,
+    When they adjourned the Barnstable Ball.
+
+  Gov'nor A. won't hang for homicide,
+    That's a point that bothers us all;
+  He must banish ever from his side
+    Such as murdered the Barnstable Ball.
+
+  When they're old and draw'd with rheumatiz,
+    Let them say to their grandbabes small,
+  "Deary me, what a shadow of gloom it is
+    To remember the Barnstable Ball!"
+
+This autumn saw the preparation of a new volume of poems, "Later
+Lyrics." Years had passed since the appearance of "Words for the Hour,"
+and our mother had a great accumulation of poems, the arrangement of
+which proved a heavy task.
+
+"The labor of looking over the manuscript nearly made me ill.... Had a
+new bad feeling of intense pressure in the right temple."
+
+And again:--
+
+"Nearly disabled by headaches.... Determine to push on with my volume."
+
+"Almost distracted with work of various sorts--my book--the new
+house--this one full of company, and a small party in the evening."
+
+"All these days much hurried by proofs. Went in the evening to the
+opening of the new wards in the Women's Hospital--read two short poems,
+according to promise. These were kindly received...."
+
+The next day she went with a party of friends to the Boys' Reform School
+at Westboro. "In the yard where the boys were collected, the guests
+were introduced. Quite a number crowded to see the Author of the 'Battle
+Hymn.' Two or three said to me: 'Are you the woman that wrote that
+"Battle Hymn"?' When I told them that I was, they seemed much pleased.
+This I felt to be a great honor."
+
+The next day again she is harassed with correcting proofs and furnishing
+copy. "Ran to Bartol for a little help, which he gave me."
+
+The Reverend C. A. Bartol was our next-door neighbor in Chestnut Street,
+a most kind and friendly one. His venerable figure, wrapped in a wide
+cloak, walking always in the middle of the road (we never knew why he
+eschewed the sidewalk), is one of the pleasant memories of Chestnut
+Street. We were now to leave that beloved street; a sorrowful flitting
+it was.
+
+"_Friday, November 3._ Moving all day. This is my last writing in this
+dear house, No. 13 Chestnut Street, where I have had three years of good
+work, social and family enjoyment. Here I enjoyed my dear Sammy for six
+happy months--here I mourned long and bitterly for him. Here I read my
+six lectures on Practical Ethics. Some of my best days have been passed
+in this house. God be thanked for the same!"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XI
+
+NO. 19 BOYLSTON PLACE: "LATER LYRICS"
+
+1866; _aet._ 47
+
+IN MY VALLEY
+
+  From the hurried city fleeing,
+  From the dusty men and ways,
+  In my golden sheltered valley,
+  Count I yet some sunny days.
+
+  Golden, for the ripened Autumn
+  Kindles there its yellow blaze;
+  And the fiery sunshine haunts it
+  Like a ghost of summer days.
+
+  Walking where the running water
+  Twines its silvery caprice,
+  Treading soft the leaf-spread carpet,
+  I encounter thoughts like these:--
+
+  "Keep but heart, and healthful courage,
+  Keep the ship against the sea,
+  Thou shalt pass the dangerous quicksands
+  That ensnare Futurity;
+
+  "Thou shalt live for song and story,
+  For the service of the pen;
+  Shalt survive till children's children
+  Bring thee mother-joys again.
+
+  "Thou hast many years to gather;
+  And these falling years shall bring
+  The benignant fruits of Autumn,
+  Answering to the hopes of Spring.
+
+  "Passing where the shades that darken
+  Grow transfigured to thy mind,
+  Thou shalt go with soul untroubled
+  To the mysteries behind;
+
+  "Pass unmoved the silent portal
+  Where beatitude begins,
+  With an equal balance bearing
+  Thy misfortunes and thy sins."
+
+  Treading soft the leaf-spread carpet,
+  Thus the Spirits talked with me;
+  And I left my valley, musing
+  On their gracious prophecy.
+
+  To my fiery youth's ambition
+  Such a boon were scarcely dear;
+  "Thou shalt live to be a grandame,
+  Work and die, devoid of fear."
+
+  "Now, as utmost grace it steads me,
+  Add but this thereto," I said:
+  "On the matron's time-worn mantle
+  Let the Poet's wreath be laid."
+
+                                 J. W. H.
+
+
+"My first writing in the new house, where may God help and bless us all.
+May no dark action shade our record in this house, and if possible, no
+surpassing sorrow."
+
+After the wide sunny spaces of No. 13 Chestnut Street, the new house
+seemed small and dark; nor was Boylston Place even in those days a
+specially cheerful _cul de sac_; yet we remember it pleasantly enough as
+the home of much work and much play.
+
+"_November 19._ Had the comforts of faith from dear James Freeman
+[Clarke] to-day. Felt restored to something like the peace I enjoyed
+before these two tasks of printing and moving broke up all leisure and
+all study. Determined to hold on with both hands to the largeness of
+philosophical pursuit and study, and to do my utmost to be useful in
+this connection and path of life...."
+
+"Comforting myself with Hedge's book. Determined to pass no more godless
+days...."
+
+She began to read Grote's Plato, and the Journal contains much comment
+on the Platonic philosophy. Another interest which came to her this
+autumn was that of singing with the Handel and Haydn Society. She and
+Florence joined the altos, while "Harry," then in college (Harvard,
+1869), sang bass. We find her also, in early December, rehearsing with a
+small chorus the Christmas music for the Church of the Disciples, and
+writing and rehearsing a charade for the Club.
+
+"_December 12._ Saw my new book at Tilton's. It looks very well, but I
+am not sanguine about its fate."
+
+"Later Lyrics" made less impression than either of the earlier volumes.
+It has been long out of print; our mother does not mention it in her
+"Reminiscences"; even in the Journal, the book once published, there are
+few allusions to it, and those in a sad note: "Discouraged about my
+book," and so forth; yet it contains much of her best work.
+
+"_December 16._ Sarah Clarke[57] and Foley[58] are to dine with me at
+5.30. Went out at 10 A.M. to take Foley to see [William] Hunt, whom we
+found in his studio in a queer knitted coat. He showed an unfinished
+head of General Grant, in which it struck me that the eyes looked like
+the two scales of a balance in which men and events could be weighed."
+
+  [57] Sister of James Freeman Clarke. An artist of some note and a
+  beloved friend of our mother.
+
+  [58] Margaret Foley, the sculptor.
+
+
+The Journal for 1866 opens with a Latin aspiration: "_Quod bonus, felix,
+faustusque sit hic annus mihi et meis amicis dilectis et generi
+humano!_"
+
+February finds her in New York, going to a "family party at Aunt
+Maria's.[59] Uncle John came. He was the eldest, my Harry the youngest
+member. I made a charade, _Shoddy_, in which Mary [Ward] and Flossy took
+part. Mary did very well. Flossy always does well. I enjoyed this family
+gathering more than anything since leaving home. It is so rare a
+pleasure for me. Family occasions are useful in bringing people together
+on the disinterested ground of natural affection, without any purpose of
+show or self-advancement. Relations should meet on more substantial
+ground than that of fashion and personal ambition. Nature and
+self-respect here have the predominance. In my youth I had no notion of
+this, though I always clung to those of my own blood."
+
+From New York she went to Washington, where she gave a series of
+philosophical readings. Here, while staying at the house of Mrs. Eames,
+she had a violent attack of malarial fever, but struggled up again with
+her usual buoyancy.
+
+"_February 19._ Weather rainy, so stayed at home; eyes weak, so could do
+little but lie in my easy-chair, avoid cold, and hang on to
+conversation. To-day the President[60] vetoed the bill for the
+Freedmen's Bureau. The reading of the veto was received by the Senate
+with intense, though suppressed, excitement. Governor Andrew read it to
+us. It was specious, and ingeniously overstated the scope and powers
+demanded for the Bureau, in order to make its withholdment appear a
+liberal and democratic measure. Montgomery Blair is supposed to have
+written this veto."
+
+  [59] The widow of her uncle, William G. Ward.
+
+  [60] Andrew Johnson.
+
+At her first reading, she had "an excellent audience. The rooms were
+well filled and there were many men of note there.... Governor Andrew
+brought me in. Sam Hooper was there. I read 'The Fact Accomplished.'
+They received it very well. I was well pleased with my reception."
+
+The next day she was so weary that she fell asleep while the Marquis de
+Chambrun was talking to her.
+
+
+"_February 23._ To-day we learned the particulars of President Johnson's
+disgraceful speech, which awakens but one roar of indignation. To the
+Senate at 11.30. When the business hour is over, Fessenden moves the
+consideration of the House Resolution proposing the delay in the
+admission of members for the Southern States until the whole South shall
+be in a state for readmission. Sherman, of Ohio, moves the postponement
+of the question, alleging the present excitement as a reason for this.
+(He probably does this in the Copperhead interest.) At this Fessenden
+shows his teeth and shakes the Ohio puppy pretty well. Howe of Wisconsin
+also speaks for the immediate discussion of the question. Doolittle, of
+----, speaking against it, Trumbull calls him to order. Reverdy Johnson
+pitches in a little. The Ayes and Noes are called for and the immediate
+consideration receives a good majority. Fessenden now makes his speech,
+reads the passage from the President's speech, calling the committee of
+fifteen a directory,--comments fully on the powers of Congress, the
+injustice of the President and his defiant attitude.... He has force as
+debater, but no grasp of thought.... In the evening I read the first
+half of 'Limitations' to a very small circle. A Republican caucus took
+all the members of Congress. Garrison also lectured. I was sorry, but
+did my best and said, 'God's will be done.' But I ought to have worked
+harder to get an audience."
+
+"_February 25...._ Rode with Lieber[61] as far as Baltimore. He heard
+Hegel in his youth and thinks him, as I do, decidedly inferior to Kant,
+morally as well as philosophically....
+
+  [61] Dr. Francis Lieber, the eminent German-American publicist.
+
+"The laws and duties of society rest upon a supposed compact, but this
+compact cannot deprive any set of men of rights and limit them to
+duties, for if you refuse them all rights, you deprive them even of the
+power to become a party to this compact, which rests upon their right to
+do so. Our slaves had no rights. Women have few."
+
+
+After leaving Washington, she spent several days with her sister Annie
+in Bordentown, and there and in New York gave readings which seem to
+have been much more successful than those in Washington. After the New
+York reading she is "glad and thankful."
+
+The visits in Bordentown were always a delight and refreshment to her.
+She and her "little Hitter" frolicked, once more two girls together:
+e.g., the following incident:--
+
+The Reverend ---- Bishop was the Mailliards' pastor; a kindly gentleman,
+who could frolic as well as another. One day our Aunt Annie, wishing to
+ask him to dine, sat down at her desk and wrote:--
+
+  "My dear Mr. Bishop,
+  To-day we shall dish up
+  At one and a half
+  The hind leg of a calf--"
+
+At this point she was called away on household business. Our mother sat
+down and wrote:--
+
+  "Now B., if he's civil,
+  May join in our revel;
+  But if he is not,
+  He may go to the devil!"
+
+During the days that followed, Kant and charades divided her time pretty
+evenly.
+
+"Kant's 'Anthropologia' is rather trifling, after his great works. I
+read it to find out what Anthropology is."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Good is a direction; virtue is a habit."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Wearied by endless running about to find help for my charade, ----
+having disappointed me. Determine to undertake nothing more of the
+kind."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The charade (_Belabor_), which came off the following evening, was
+marked by a comic "To be or not to be," composed and recited by her in a
+"Hamlet costume, consisting of a narrow, rather short black skirt, a
+long black cloak and a black velvet toque, splendid lace ruff, amethyst
+necklace. It was very effective, and the verses gave reasonable
+pleasure."
+
+"_March 15...._ Went to the Masonic Banquet, which was preceded by a
+long ceremony, the consecration of three new banners. The forms were
+curious, the music good, the occasion unique. The association appeared
+to me a pale ghost of knighthood, and the solemnities a compromise
+between high mass and dress parade. The institution now means nothing
+more than a military and religious toy."
+
+
+In this year she met with a serious loss in the death of her uncle, John
+Ward. He had been a second father to her and her sisters; his kindly
+welcome always made No. 8 Bond Street a family home.
+
+"_April 4._ The contents of uncle's will are known to-day. He had made a
+new one, changing the disposition of his property made in a previous
+will which would have made my sisters and me much richer. This one gives
+equally to my cousins, Uncle William's four sons, and to us; largely to
+Uncle Richard, and most kindly to Brother Sam and Wardie. We know not
+why this change was made, but once made, it must be acquiesced in, like
+other events past remedy. My cousins are wealthy already--this makes
+little difference to them, but much to us. God's will be done, however.
+I must remember my own doctrine, and build upon 'The Fact
+Accomplished.'"
+
+This passage explains the financial worries which, from now on, often
+oppressed her. She was brought up in wealth and luxury; sober wealth,
+unostentatious luxury, but enough of both to make it needless for her
+ever to consider questions of ways and means. Her whole family, from
+the adoring father down to the loving youngest sister, felt that she
+must be shielded from every sordid care or anxiety; she was tended like
+an orchid, lest any rough wind check her perfect blossoming.
+
+Her father left a large fortune, much of which was invested in blocks of
+real estate in what is now the heart of New York. Uncle John, best and
+kindest of men, had no knowledge of real estate and none of the
+foresight which characterized his elder brother. After Mr. Ward's death,
+he made the mistake of selling out the Manhattan real estate, and
+investing the proceeds in stocks and bonds. Later, realizing his grave
+error, he resolved to mitigate the loss to his three nieces by dividing
+among them the bulk of his property.
+
+This failing, the disappointment could not but be a sensible one, even
+to the least money-loving of women. The Doctor's salary was never a
+large one: the children must be given every possible advantage of
+education and society; no door that was open to her own youth should be
+closed to them; again, to entertain their friends (albeit in simple
+fashion), to respond to every call of need or distress, was matter of
+necessity to both our parents: small wonder that they were often pressed
+for money. All through the Journals we find this note of financial
+anxiety: not for herself, but for her children, and later for her
+grandchildren. She accepted the restricted means; she triumphed over
+them, and taught us to hold such matters of little account compared with
+the real things of life; but they never ceased to bewilder her.
+
+Yet to-day, realizing of what vital importance this seeming misfortune
+was to her; how but for this, her life and other lives might have lacked
+"the rich flavor of hope and toil"; how but for this she might have
+failed to lock hands with humanity in a bond as close as it was
+permanent, who can seriously regret Uncle John's devastating yet
+fruitful mistake?
+
+In April again she writes:--
+
+"Dull, sad and perplexed. My uncle not having made me a rich woman, I
+feel more than ever impelled to make some great effort to realize the
+value of my mental capacities and acquisitions. I am as well entitled to
+an efficient literary position as any woman in this country--perhaps
+better than any other. Still I hang by the way, picking up ten dollars
+here and there with great difficulty. I pray God to help me to an
+occasion or sphere in which I may do my utmost. I had as lief die as
+live unless I can be satisfied that I have delivered the whole value of
+my literary cargo--all at least that was invoiced for this world. Hear
+me, great Heaven! Guide and assist me. No mortal can."
+
+The next day's entry is more cheerful.
+
+"Feel better to-day. Made the acquaintance of Aldrich and Howells and
+their wives, at Alger's last evening. I enjoyed the evening more than
+usual. Aldrich has a very refined face. Howells[62] is odd-looking, but
+sympathetic and intelligent. Alger was in all his glory."
+
+  [62] Mr. Howells, in his _Literary Boston Thirty Years Ago_, thus speaks
+  of her (1895): "I should not be just to a vivid phase if I failed to
+  speak of Mrs. Julia Ward Howe and the impulse of reform which she
+  personified. I did not sympathize with this then so much as I do now,
+  but I could appreciate it on the intellectual side. Once, many years
+  later, I heard Mrs. Howe speak in public, and it seemed to me that she
+  made one of the best speeches I had ever heard. It gave me for the first
+  time a notion of what women might do in that sort if they entered public
+  life; but when we met in those earlier days I was interested in her as
+  perhaps our chief poetess. I believe she did not care to speak much of
+  literature; she was alert for other meanings in life, and I remember how
+  she once brought to book a youthful matron who had perhaps unduly
+  lamented the hardships of housekeeping, with the sharp demand, 'Child,
+  where is your _religion_?' After the many years of an acquaintance which
+  had not nearly so many meetings as years, it was pleasant to find her,
+  not long ago, as strenuous as ever for the faith or work, and as eager
+  to aid Stepniak as John Brown. In her beautiful old age she survives a
+  certain literary impulse of Boston, but a still higher impulse of Boston
+  she will not survive, for that will last while the city endures."
+
+
+"_April 11...._ Between a man governed by inner and one governed by
+outer control, there is the difference which we find between a reptile
+in a shell and a vertebrate. The one has his vertebrae within to support
+him, the other has them without to contain him."
+
+"_April 19._ Very busy all day. Ran about too much, and was very tired.
+Had friends, in the evening, to meet young Perabo. I did not wish to
+give a party, on account of Uncle's death, but could not help getting
+together quite a lovely company of friends. Aldrich and wife were here,
+Alger, Bartol, Professor Youmans, Perabo, Dresel, Louisa D. Hunt, and
+others. It was a good time.... Saw my last cent go--nothing now till
+May, unless I can earn something."
+
+"_April 20._ Began to work over and correct my poem for the Church
+Festival, which must be licked into shape, for the Gods will give me
+none other. So I must hammer at it slowly, and a good deal.... To write
+purely for money is to beg, first telling a story."
+
+In these days the Doctor was very weary through excess of work. He
+longed for a change, and would have been glad to receive the mission to
+Greece, of which some prospect had been held out to him. She writes:
+"Chev full of the Greek mission, which I think he cannot get. I wish he
+might, because he wishes it. Surely a man so modest and meritorious in
+his public career might claim so small an acknowledgment as this. But as
+we are, he represents Charity, I the study of Philosophy--we cannot be
+more honored than by standing for these things."
+
+It was thought that she might have some influence in obtaining the
+mission: accordingly she went to Washington, anxious to help if she
+might. She saw the President of the Senate, who promised support. While
+there she writes: "Governor Andrew took me to General Grant's, where I
+saw the General, with great satisfaction. Prayed at bedtime that I might
+not become a superficial sham and humbug."
+
+Hearing that Charles Sumner had sought her at the house of Mrs. Eames,
+she sent a message to him by a common friend. She writes: "Sumner cannot
+make a visit at the hotel, but will see me at the Capitol. I know of
+nothing which exempts a man in public life from the duty of having, in
+private, some _human_ qualities." Mr. Sumner did come to see her later,
+when she was staying with Mrs. Eames. She saw Secretary Seward, who was
+very ungracious to her; and President Johnson, whom she found "not one
+inclined to much speech." Before the latter interview her prayer was:
+"Let me be neither unskilful nor mean!"
+
+The visit to Mrs. Eames was a sad one, being at the time of the death of
+Count Gurowski, a singular man whom she has described in her
+"Reminiscences"; but she met many notable persons, and had much
+interesting conversation with her host and hostess. She records one or
+two bits of talk.
+
+"Mr. Eames saying that Mrs. X. was an intelligent but not an original
+woman, I said: 'She is not a silk-worm, but a silk-wearer!' Nine women
+out of ten would rather be the latter than the former."
+
+"Mr. Eames saying that he often talked because he could not make the
+effort to be silent, I said: 'Yes, sir; we know that the _vis inertiae_
+often shows itself in motion.'
+
+"I record these sayings," she adds, "because they interested me, opening
+to myself little shades of thought not perceived before."
+
+
+"_May 27._ Boston. My birthday. Forty-seven years old. J. F. C. preached
+on 'The seed is the word,' and gave a significant statement of the
+seminal power of Christianity. They sang also a psalm tune which I like,
+so that the day (a rainy one) seems to me auspicious. I have little to
+show for the past year's work, having produced no work of any length and
+read but little in public. The doctrine of the _seed_ does, however,
+encourage us to continue our small efforts. The most effectual
+quickening of society is through that small influence which creeps like
+the leaven through the dough...."
+
+"... Roman piety was the duteous care of one's relatives. It follows
+from this that the disregard of parents and elders common in America is
+in itself an irreligious trait, and one which education should
+sedulously correct."
+
+On May 29 she attended the Unitarian Festival. She recalls the fact that
+at the last festival she was "tormented by the desire to speak. But I am
+now grown more patient, knowing that silence also is valuable...."
+
+The Chevalier was not to receive the only reward he had ever sought for
+his labors. On May 31 she writes: "To-day the blow fell. A kind letter
+from Vice-President Foster informed me that Charles T. Tuckerman had
+been nominated for the Greek mission. This gave me an unhappy hour. Chev
+was a good deal overcome by it for a time, but rallied and bears up
+bravely. The girls are rather glad. I am content, but I do not see what
+can take the place of this cherished object to Chev...."
+
+The following verses embody her thoughts on this matter:--
+
+                   To S. G. H.
+
+_On his failure to receive the Grecian mission which he had been led to
+think might be offered to him. 1866._
+
+  The Grecian olives vanish from thy sight,
+  The wondrous hills, the old historic soil;
+  The elastic air, that freshened with delight
+  Thy youthful temples, flushed with soldier toil.
+
+  O noble soul! thy laurel early wreathed
+  Gathers the Christian rose and lilies fair,
+  For civic virtues when the sword was sheathed,
+  And perfect faith that learns from every snare.
+
+  Let, then, the modern embassy float by,
+  Nor one regret in thy high bosom lurk:
+  God's mission called thy youth to that soft sky;
+  Wait God's dismissal where thou build'st His work!
+
+"_Divide et impera_ is an old maxim of despotism which does not look as
+if States' rights pointed in the direction of true freedom."
+
+"It is only in the natural order that the living dog is better than the
+dead lion. Will any one say that the living thief is better than the
+dead hero? No one, save perhaps the thief himself, who is no judge."
+
+The Journal is now largely concerned with Kant, and with Maine's work on
+"Ancient Law," from which she quotes freely. Here and there are touches
+of her own.
+
+"Epicureans are to Stoics as circumference to centre."
+
+"I think Hegel more difficult than important. Many people suppose that
+the difficulty of a study is a sure indication of its importance."
+
+In these years the Doctor and our sister Julia were in summer time
+rather visitors than members of the family. The former was, as Governor
+Bullock said of him, "driving all the Charities of Massachusetts
+abreast," and could enjoy the Valley only by snatches, flying down for a
+day or a week as he could. Julia, from her early girlhood, had
+interested herself deeply in all that concerned the blind, and had
+become more and more the Doctor's companion and workfellow at the
+Perkins Institution, where much of his time was necessarily spent. She
+had classes in various branches of study, and in school and out gave
+herself freely to her blind pupils. A friend said to her mother, many
+years later, "It was one of the sights of Boston in the days of the
+Harvard Musical concerts to see your Julia's radiant face as she would
+come into Music Hall, leading a blind pupil in either hand."
+
+Early in this summer of 1866 Julia accompanied the Doctor on a visit to
+the State Almshouse at Monson, and saw there a little orphan boy, some
+three years old, who attracted her so strongly that she begged to be
+allowed to take him home with her. Accordingly she brought him to the
+Valley, a sturdy, blue-eyed Irish lad. Julia, child of study and poetry,
+had no nursery adaptability, and little "Tukey" was soon turned over to
+our mother, who gladly took charge of him. He was nearly of the age of
+her little Sammy: something in his countenance reminded her of the lost
+child, and she found delight in playing with him. She would have been
+glad to adopt him, but this was not thought practicable. Julia had
+already tired of him; the Doctor for many reasons advised against it.
+
+She grieved all summer for the child; but was afterward made happy by
+his adoption into a cheerful and prosperous home.
+
+This was a summer of arduous work. The "Tribune" demanded more letters;
+Kant and Maine could not be neglected, and soon Fichte was added to
+them.
+
+Moreover, the children must have every pleasure that she could give
+them.
+
+"Worked hard all the morning for the croquet party in the afternoon,
+which was very pleasant and successful.
+
+"Took Julia to the party on board the Rhode Island. She looked
+charmingly, and danced. I was quite happy because she enjoyed it."
+
+Early August found her in Northampton, reporting for the "Tribune" the
+Convention of the American Academy of Science. The Doctor and Julia
+joined her, and she had "very busy days," attending the sessions and
+writing her reports.
+
+"Read over several times my crabbed essay on the 'Two Necessities,'
+which I determine to read in the evening. I have with me also the essay
+on 'Limitations,' far more amusing and popular. But for a scientific
+occasion, I will choose a treatise which aims at least at a scientific
+treatment of a great question. This essay asserts the distinctness of
+the Ideal Order and its legitimate supremacy in human processes of
+thought. I make a great effort to get its points thoroughly in my mind.
+Go late to the Barnards'. The scientifics arrive very late, Agassiz gets
+there at 9. I begin to read soon after. The ladies of our party are all
+there. I feel a certain enthusiasm in my work and subject, but do not
+communicate it to the audience, which seemed fatigued and cold; all at
+least but Pierce, Agassiz, and Davis. Had I done well or ill to read
+it?... Some soul may have carried away a seed-grain of thought."
+
+"_August 11...._ To Mount Holyoke in the afternoon. The ascent was
+frightful, the view sublime. In the evening went to read to the insane
+people at the asylum; had not 'Later Lyrics,' but 'Passion Flowers.'
+Read from this and recited from the other. Had great pleasure in doing
+this, albeit under difficulties. Finished second 'Tribune' letter and
+sent it."
+
+Back at the Valley, she plunges once more into Fichte; long hours of
+study, varied by picnics and sailing parties.
+
+"To church at St. Mary's. X. preached. The beginning of his sermon was
+liberal,--the latter half sentimental and sensational. 'The love of
+Christ constraineth us,' but he dwelt far too much on the supposition of
+a personal and emotional relation between the soul and Christ. It is
+Christian doctrine interpreted by human sympathy that reclaims us.
+Christ lives in his doctrine, influences us through that, and his
+historical personality. All else is myth and miracle. What Christ is
+to-day ideally we may be able to state, of what he is really, Mr. X.
+knows no more than I do, and I know nothing.
+
+"Stayed to Communion, which was partly pleasant. But the Episcopal
+Communion struck me as dismal, compared to our own. It is too literal
+and cannibalistic;--the symbolism of the eating and drinking is too
+little made out. Our Unitarian Communion is a feast of joy. The
+blessedness of Christ's accomplishment swallows up the sorrow of his
+sacrifice. We have been commemorating the greatest act and fact of human
+history, the initiation of the gentler morals of the purer faith. We are
+glad,--not trivially, but solemnly, and our dear Master is glad with us,
+but not as if he aimed a direct personal influence at each one of us.
+This is too human and small a mode of operation.
+
+"He is there for us as the sun is there and the brightness of his deed
+and doctrine penetrates the recesses of our mind and consciousness. But
+that he knows each one of us cannot and need not be affirmed.
+
+        'The moon looks
+        On many brooks:
+  The brook can see no moon but this.'
+
+So that we see him, it matters not whether he sees us or no.
+
+"Spinoza's great word;--if we love God, we shall not trouble ourselves
+about his loving us."
+
+"I yesterday spoke to Joseph Coggeshall, offering to give a reading at
+the schoolhouse, in order to start a library fund. He appeared pleased
+with the idea. I proposed to ask .50 for each ticket."
+
+"Chev suggests Europe. '_Je suis content du palazzo Pitti._'"
+
+"I cannot study Fichte for more than forty-five minutes at a time.
+Reading him is not so bad as translating, which utterly overpowers my
+brain, although I find it useful in comprehending him."
+
+"I begin to doubt the availability of Fichte's methods for me. I become
+each day more dispirited over him. With the purest intention he is much
+less of an ethicist than Kant. These endless refinements in _rationale_
+of the _ego_ confuse rather than enlighten the moral sense. Where the
+study of metaphysics becomes de-energizing, it becomes demoralizing.
+Subtlety used in a certain way unravels confusion, in a certain other
+way produces it. Kant unwinds the silkworm's web, but Fichte tangles the
+skein of silk,--at least so it seems to me.
+
+"Spent most of the afternoon in preparing for a tea party, cutting
+peaches and preparing bread and butter."
+
+"Read 11th and 12th chapters of Mark in the Valley. At some moments one
+gets a clearer and nearer perception of the thought and personality of
+Christ than that which we commonly carry with us."
+
+Early in October came the move "home to Boylston Place, leaving the
+Valley with great regret, but feeling more the importance of being with
+the children, as I draw nearer to them."
+
+Our mother had remained after the rest of us, to close the house. In
+Boston she had the great pleasure of welcoming to this country her
+nephew, Francis Marion Crawford, then a boy of twelve years. Born and
+bred in Rome, a beautiful and petted child, he was now to learn to be an
+American schoolboy. She took him herself to St. Paul's School in
+Concord, New Hampshire; and for a year or two he spent most of his
+holidays with us, to the delight of us all.
+
+In this autumn of 1866 she undertook a new task, of which the first
+mention in the Journal reads: "I will here put the names of some writers
+of stories whom I may employ for the magazine."
+
+A list of writers follows: and the next day she writes: "I saw J. R.
+Gilmour and agreed with him to do editorial service for thirty dollars
+per week for three months."
+
+This magazine was the "Northern Lights." The first number appeared in
+January, 1867. It contained two articles by Mrs. Howe: the "Salutation"
+and a thoughtful poem called "The Two R's" (Rachel and Ristori). Later,
+we find her in the "Sittings of the Owl Club," making game of the
+studies she loved.
+
+         This owl went to Germany,
+          This owl stayed at home;
+        This owl read Kant and Fichte,
+            This owl read none.
+  This owl said "To-whit! I can't understand
+           the dogmatic categorical!"
+
+The "Northern Lights" gleam fitfully in the Journal.
+
+"_October 26._ To write Henry James for story, Charles T. Brooks for
+sketches of travel. Saw and talked with Gilmour, who confuses my mind."
+
+"_October 29._ Chev went with me to Ristori's _debut_, which was in
+Medea."
+
+"_November 3._ All of these days have been busy and interrupted.
+Maggi[63] has been reading Ristori's plays in my parlor every day this
+week and my presence has been compulsory. I have kept on with Fichte
+whose '_Sittenlehre_' I have nearly finished. Have copied one or two
+poems, written various letters in behalf of the magazine, have seen
+Ristori thrice on the stage and once in private."
+
+  [63] Count Alberto Maggi, an Italian _litterateur_.
+
+"_November 10._ Finished copying and correcting my editorial for the
+first number of my weekly. Finished also Fichte's '_Sittenlehre_' for
+whose delightful reading I thank God, praying never to act quite
+unworthily of its maxims."
+
+"_November 11._ Called on Mrs. Charles Sumner, and saw both parties, who
+were very cordial and seemed very happy."
+
+"_November 15._ Crackers, .25, eggs, .43, rosewater for Frank Crawford,
+.48. Very weary and overdone. The twelve apostles shall judge the
+twelve tribes in that the Christian doctrine judges the Jews.
+
+"I lead a weary life of hurry and interruption."
+
+"_November 18._ Weary hearts must, I think, be idle hearts, for it is
+cheery even to be overworked. My studies and experience have combined to
+show me the difficulty of moral attainment, but both have made me feel
+that with every average human being there is a certain possible
+conjunction of conviction, affection, and personality which, being
+effected, the individual will see the reality of the ethical aspects of
+life and the necessary following of happiness upon a good will and its
+strenuous prosecution.
+
+"I began Fichte's '_Wissenschaftslehre_' two or three days ago.
+
+"Gave a small party to Baron Osten Sacken.... Peaceably if we can,
+forcibly if we must, makes the difference between the beggar and the
+thief."
+
+"_November 26._ Very unwell; a good day's work, nevertheless."
+
+"_November 27._ Better. Last week was too fatiguing for a woman of my
+age. I cannot remember my forty-seven years, and run about too much. The
+oratorio should, I fear, be given up."
+
+"_December 8._ I came in from Lexington last night after the reading[64]
+in an open buggy with a strange driver, a boy of eighteen, who when we
+were well under way showed me a pistol,--a revolver, I think,--and said
+that he never travelled at night without one. As the boy's very face was
+unknown to me, the whole adventure seemed bizarre. He brought me home
+to my own house.... Am writing on 'Representation.'... Man asks nothing
+so much as to be helped to self-control."
+
+  [64] At the Lexington Lyceum for the Monument Fund.
+
+"_December 9._ Heard J. F. C. as usual. 'She hath done what she
+could'--a good text for me at this moment. Independently of ambition,
+vanity, pride,--all of which prompt all of us, I feel that I must do
+what my hand finds to do, taking my dictation and my reward from sources
+quite above human will and approbation."
+
+"_December 19...._ Vicomte de Chabreuil came. We had a long, and to me
+splendid, conversation. Were I young this person would occupy my
+thoughts somewhat. Very intelligent, simple, and perfectly bred, also a
+_rosso_,--a rare feature in a Frenchman."
+
+"_December 27._ Let me live until to-morrow, and not be ridiculous! I
+have a dinner party and an evening party to-day and night, and knowing
+myself to be a fool for my pains, am fain to desire that others may not
+find it out and reproach me as they discover it.
+
+"Got hold of Fichte a little which rested my weary brain.
+
+"My party proved very pleasant and friendly."
+
+"_December 29...._ I read last night at the Club a poem, 'The Rich Man's
+Library,' which contrasts material and mental wealth, much to the
+disparagement of the former. I felt as if I ought to read it, having
+inwardly resolved never again to disregard that inner prompting which
+leaves us no doubt as to the authority of certain acts which present
+themselves to us for accomplishment. Having read the poem, however, I
+felt doubtful whether after all I had done well to read it in that
+company. I will hope, however, that it may prove not to have been
+utterly useless. The imperfection of that which we try to do well
+sometimes reacts severely upon us and discourages us from further
+effort. It should not."
+
+"_December 31._ Ran about all day, but studied and wrote also.
+
+"Farewell, old Diary, farewell, old Year! Good, happy and auspicious to
+me and mine, and to mankind, I prayed that you might be, and such I
+think you have been. To me you have brought valued experience and
+renewed study. You have introduced me to Fichte, you have given me the
+honor of a new responsibility, you have made me acquainted with some
+excellent personages, among them Baron McKaye, a youth of high and noble
+nature; Perabo, an artist of real genius.... You have taught me new
+lessons of the true meaning and discipline of life,--the which should
+make me more patient in all endurance, more strenuous in all endeavor.
+You have shown me more clearly the line of demarcation between different
+talents, pursuits, and characters. So I thank and bless your good days,
+looking to the Supreme from whom we receive all things. The most
+noticeable events of the year just passed, so far as I am concerned, are
+the following: the invitation received by me to read at the Century Club
+in New York. This reading was hindered by the death of my
+brother-in-law, J. N. Howe. The death of dear Uncle John. My journey to
+Washington to get Chev the Greek appointment. Gurowski's death.
+Attendance at the American Academy of Science at Northampton in August.
+The editorship of the new weekly. My study of Fichte's '_Sittenlehre_'
+and the appearance of my essay on the 'Ideal State' in the 'Christian
+Examiner.' My reading at Lexington for the Monument Association. My
+being appointed a delegate from the Indiana Place Church to the Boston
+Conference of Unitarian and other Christian Churches. My readings at
+Northampton, Washington, and elsewhere are all set down in their place.
+The bitter opposition of my family renders this service a very difficult
+and painful one for me. I do not, therefore, seek occasions of
+performing it, not being quite clear as to the extent to which they
+ought to limit my efficiency; but when the word and the time come
+together I always try to give the one to the other and always shall. God
+instruct whichever of us is in the wrong about this. And may God keep
+mean and personal passions far removed from me in the coming years. The
+teaching of life has of late done much to wean me from them, but the
+true human requires culture and the false human suppression every day of
+our lives and as long as we live."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XII
+
+GREECE AND OTHER LANDS
+
+1867; _aet._ 48
+
+OUR COUNTRY
+
+  On primal rocks she wrote her name,
+  Her towers were reared on holy graves;
+  The golden seed that bore her came
+  Swift-winged with prayer o'er ocean waves.
+
+  The Forest bowed his solemn crest,
+  And open flung his sylvan doors;
+  Meek Rivers led the appointed Guest
+  To clasp the wide-embracing shores;
+
+  Till, fold by fold, the broidered Land
+  To swell her virgin vestments grew,
+  While Sages, strong in heart and hand,
+  Her virtue's fiery girdle drew.
+
+  O Exile of the wrath of Kings!
+  O Pilgrim Ark of Liberty!
+  The refuge of divinest things,
+  Their record must abide in thee.
+
+  First in the glories of thy front
+  Let the crown jewel Truth be found;
+  Thy right hand fling with generous wont
+  Love's happy chain to farthest bound.
+
+  Let Justice with the faultless scales
+  Hold fast the worship of thy sons,
+  Thy commerce spread her shining sails
+  Where no dark tide of rapine runs.
+
+  So link thy ways to those of God,
+  So follow firm the heavenly laws,
+  That stars may greet thee, warrior-browed,
+  And storm-sped angels hail thy cause.
+
+  O Land, the measure of our prayers,
+  Hope of the world, in grief and wrong!
+  Be thine the blessing of the years,
+  The gift of faith, the crown of song.
+
+                                        J. W. H.
+
+
+In January, 1867, a new note is sounded.
+
+"In the evening attended meeting in behalf of Crete, at which Chev
+presided and spoke. Excellent as to matter, but always with a defective
+elocution, not sending his voice out. He was much and deservedly
+glorified by other speakers, and, indeed, his appearance on this
+occasion was most touching and interesting. Phillips was very fine;
+Huntington was careful, polished, and interesting. Andrew read the
+resolutions, with a splendid compliment to Chev."
+
+Some months before this, in August, 1866, the Cretans had risen against
+their Turkish oppressors, and made a valiant struggle for freedom. From
+the first the Doctor had been deeply interested in the insurrection:
+now, as reports came of the sufferings of the brave mountaineers, and of
+their women and children, who had been sent to the mainland for safety,
+he felt impelled to help them as he had helped their fathers forty years
+before.
+
+He was sixty-six years old, but looked much younger. When, at the first
+meeting called by him, he rose and said, "Forty-five years ago I was
+much interested in the Greek Revolution," the audience was amazed. His
+hair was but lightly touched with silver; his eyes were as bright, his
+figure as erect and martial, as when, in 1826, he had fought and marched
+under the Greek banner, and slept under the Greek stars, wrapped in his
+shaggy capote.
+
+His appeal in behalf of Crete roused the ever-generous heart of Boston.
+Committees were formed, and other meetings were held, among them that
+just described. Governor Andrew's "splendid compliment" to him was given
+thus:--
+
+"I venture, Mr. Chairman, to make one single suggestion--that if all of
+us were dumb to-night, if the eloquent voices which have stimulated our
+blood and inspired our hearts had been silent as the tomb, your
+presence, sir, would have been more eloquent than a thousand orations;
+when we remember that after the life-time of a whole generation of men,
+he who forty years ago bared his arm to seize the Suliote blade, speaks
+again with the voice of his age in defence of the cause of his youth."
+
+Thirty-seven thousand dollars were raised for Crete, and in March, 1867,
+Dr. Howe sailed again for Greece on an errand of mercy. The Journal
+gives an outline of the busy winter:--
+
+"The post is the poor man's valet...."
+
+"_January 12._ A busy and studious day; had the neighbors in after tea.
+Want clamors for relief, but calls for cure, which begins in
+discipline...."
+
+"_January 24._ N. P. Willis's funeral. Chev came home quite suddenly and
+asked me to go with him to the church, St. Paul's. The pallbearers were
+Longfellow and Lowell, Drs. Holmes and Howe, Whipple and Fields, T. B.
+Aldrich and I don't know who. Coffin covered with flowers. Appearance of
+the family interesting: the widow bowed and closely shrouded. Thus ends
+a man of perhaps first-rate genius, ruined by the adoption of an utterly
+frivolous standard of labor and of life. George IV and Bulwer have to
+answer for some of these failures.
+
+"My tea party was delightful, friendly, not fashionable. We had a good
+talk, and a lovely, familiar time.
+
+"Heard J. F. C. Took my dear Francesco [Marion Crawford] at his request,
+with great pleasure, feeling that he would find there a living Jesus
+immortal in influence, instead of the perfumed and embalmed mummy of
+orthodoxy....
+
+"Of that which is not clear one cannot have a clear idea. My reading in
+Fichte to-day is of the most confused."
+
+"_February 7._ Chev came dancing in to tell me that Flossy is engaged to
+David Hall. His delight knew no bounds. I am also pleased, for David is
+of excellent character and excellent blood, the Halls being first-rate
+people and with no family infirmity (insanity or blindness). My only
+regret is that it must prove a long engagement, David being a very young
+lawyer."
+
+"_February 14._ All's up, as I feared, with 'Northern Lights' in its
+present form. Gilmour proposes to go to New York and to change its form
+and character to that of a weekly newspaper. I of course retire from it
+and, indeed, despite my title of editor, have been only a reader of
+manuscripts and contributor--nothing more. I have not had power of any
+sort to make engagements."
+
+The tenth number of "Northern Lights" was also the last, and we hear no
+more of the ill-fated magazine.
+
+The Journal says nothing of the proposed trip to Greece, until February
+15:--
+
+"I had rather die, it seems to me, than decide wrongly about going to
+Europe and leaving the children. And yet I am almost sure I shall do so.
+Chev clearly wishes me to go.... Whether I go or stay, God help me to
+make the best of it. My desire to help Julia is a strong point in favor
+of the journey. It would be, I think, a turning-point for her."
+
+Later she writes:--
+
+"Chev has taken our passage in the Asia, which sails on the 13th
+proximo. So we have the note of preparation, and the prospect of change
+and separation makes us feel how happy we have been, in passing this
+whole winter together."
+
+The remaining days were full of work of every kind. She gave readings
+here and there in aid of the Cretans.
+
+"Ran about much: saw Miss Rogers's deaf pupils at Mrs. Lamson's, very
+interesting.... For the first time in three days got a peep at Fichte.
+Finished Jesse's 'George the Third.'
+
+"Went to Roxbury to read at Mrs. Harrington's for the benefit of the
+Cretans. It was a literary and musical entertainment. Tickets, one
+dollar. We made one hundred dollars. My poems were very kindly received.
+Afterwards, in great haste, to Sophia Whitwell's,[65] where I received a
+great ovation, all members greeting me most affectionately. Presently
+Mr. [Josiah] Quincy, with some very pleasant and complimentary remarks
+on Dr. Howe and myself, introduced Mrs. Silsbee's farewell verses to me,
+which were cordial and feeling. Afterwards I read my valedictory verses,
+strung together in a very headlong fashion, but just as well liked as
+though I had bestowed more care upon them. A bouquet of flowers crowned
+the whole, really a very gratifying occasion."
+
+  [65] This was evidently a meeting of the "Brain Club."
+
+"_March 13._ Departure auspicious. Dear Maud, Harry, and Flossy on board
+to say farewell, with J. S. Dwight, H. P. Warner, and other near
+friends. Many flowers; the best first day at sea I ever passed."
+
+Julia and Laura were the happy two chosen to join this expedition, the
+other children staying with relatives and friends. From first to last
+the journey was one of deepest interest. The Journal keeps a faithful
+record of sight-seeing, which afterward took shape in a volume, "From
+the Oak to the Olive," published in 1868, and dedicated "To S. G. H.,
+the strenuous champion of Greek liberty and of human rights."
+
+It is written in the light vein of "A Trip to Cuba." In the first
+chapter she says: "The less we know about a thing, the easier it is to
+write about it. To give quite an assured and fluent account of a
+country, we should lose no time on our first arrival. The first
+impression is the strongest. Familiarity constantly wears off the edge
+of observation. The face of the new country astonishes us once, and once
+only."
+
+Though much that she saw during this trip was already familiar to her,
+there is no lack of strength in the impression. She sees things with new
+eyes; the presence of "the neophytes," as she calls the daughters, gives
+an atmosphere of "first sight" to the whole.
+
+In London she finds "the old delightful account reopened, the friendly
+visits frequent, and the luxurious invitations to dinner occupy every
+evening of our short week."
+
+"_London._ Lunch with the Benzons, whose palatial residence moved me
+not to envy. This seems an idle word, but I like to record my
+satisfaction in a simple, unencumbered life, without state of any kind,
+save my pleasant relations and my good position in my own country. Mrs.
+Benzon asked me to come alone to dinner in the evening. First, however,
+I called upon Arthur Mills at Hyde Park Gardens; then upon Mrs.
+Ambassadress Adams, who was quite cordial; then in frantic hurry home to
+dress. At Benzon's I met Robert Browning, a dear and sacred personage,
+dear for his own and his wife's sake. He sat next me at table and by and
+by spoke very kindly of my foolish verses[66] about himself and E. B. B.
+I mean he spoke of them with magnanimity. Of course my _present_ self
+would not publish, nor I hope write, anything of the kind, but I
+launched the arrow in the easy petulance of those days, more occupied
+with its force and polish than with its direction."
+
+  [66] "Kenyon's Legacy," printed in _Later Lyrics_.
+
+"To Lady Stanley's 5 o'clock tea, where I met her daughter Lady Amberley
+and Sir Samuel Baker, the explorer of the sources of the Nile. Dined
+with the Benzons, meeting Browning again."
+
+"Tea with Miss Cobbe. Met the Lyells. Dined with Males family, Greek,--a
+most friendly occasion. Afterwards went for a short time to Mrs. ----, a
+very wealthy Greek widow, who received us very ill. Heard there Mr. Ap
+Thomas, a Welsh harper who plays exceedingly well. The pleasure of
+hearing him scarcely compensated for Mrs. ----'s want of politeness,
+which was probably not intentional. Saw there Sir Samuel and Lady
+Baker, the latter wore an amber satin tunic over a white dress, and a
+necklace of lion's teeth."
+
+"_April 5._ Breakfast with Mr. Charles Dalrymple at 2 Clarges Street,
+where we met Mr. Grant Duff, Baron McKaye, and others. Tea at Lady
+Trevelyan's, where I was introduced to Dean Stanley of Westminster ...
+and young Milman, son of the Reverend H. M. Lady Stanley was Lady
+Augusta Bruce, a great favorite of the Queen. Dined at Argyll Lodge,
+found the Duchess serene and friendly; the Duke seemed hard and
+sensible, Lord Lorne, the eldest son, very pleasant, and Hon. Charles
+Howard and son most amiable, with more breeding, I should say, than the
+Duke. Chev was the hero of this occasion; the Duchess always liked him."
+
+During this brief week, the Doctor had been in close communication with
+the Greeks of London, who one and all were eager to welcome him, and to
+bid him Godspeed on his errand. His business transacted, he felt that he
+must hurry on toward Greece. Some stay must be made in Rome, where our
+Aunt Louisa (now Mrs. Luther Terry) was anxiously expecting the party;
+but even this tie of affection and friendship could not keep the Doctor
+long from his quest. On May 1 he and Julia went to Greece, the others
+remaining for some weeks in Italy.
+
+Sixteen years had passed since our mother's last visit to Rome. She
+found some changes in the city, but more vital ones in herself.
+
+"I left Rome," she says, "after those days, with entire determination,
+but with infinite reluctance. America seemed the place of exile, Rome
+the home of sympathy and comfort.... And now I must confess that, after
+so many intense and vivid pages of life, this visit to Rome, once a
+theme of fervent and solemn desire, becomes a mere page of embellishment
+in a serious and instructive volume."
+
+Here follows a disquisition on "the Roman problem for the American
+thinker"; the last passage gives her conclusion:--
+
+"A word to my countrymen and countrywomen, who, lingering on the edge of
+the vase, are lured by its sweets, and fall into its imprisonment. It is
+a false, false superiority to which you are striving to join yourself. A
+prince of puppets is not a prince, but a puppet; a superfluous duke is
+no dux; a titular count does not count. Dresses, jewels, and equipages
+of tasteless extravagance; the sickly smile of disdain for simple
+people; the clinging together, by turns eager and haughty, of a clique
+that becomes daily smaller in intention, and whose true decline consists
+in its numerical increase--do not dream that these lift you in any true
+way--in any true sense. For Italians to believe that it does, is
+natural; for Englishmen to believe it, is discreditable; for Americans,
+disgraceful."
+
+The Terrys were at this time living in Palazzo Odescalchi. Our mother
+observes that "the whole of my modest house in Boylston Place would
+easily, as to solid contents, lodge in the largest of those lofty rooms.
+The Place itself would equally lodge in the palace. I regard my re-found
+friends with wonder, and expect to see them execute some large and
+stately manoeuvre, indicating their possession of all this space."
+
+It was Holy Week when they arrived in Rome, and she was anxious that the
+"neophytes" should see as much as possible of its impressive ceremonies.
+She took them to St. Peter's to see the washing of the pilgrims' feet by
+noble Roman ladies, and to hear the "Miserere" in the Sistine Chapel.
+These functions are briefly chronicled in the Journal and more fully in
+"From the Oak to the Olive."
+
+"Solid fact as the performance of the _functions_ remains, for us it
+assumes a forcible unreality, through the impeding intervention of black
+dresses and veils, with what should be women under them. But as these
+creatures push like battering-rams, and caper like he-goats, we shall
+prefer to adjourn the question of their humanity, and to give it the
+benefit of a doubt. We must except, however, our countrywomen from dear
+Boston, who were not seen otherwise than decently and in order."
+
+A vivid description follows of the ceremonies of Good Friday and Easter
+Sunday, ending with the illumination of St. Peter's.
+
+"A magical and unique spectacle it certainly is, with the well-known
+change from the paper lanterns to the flaring _lampions_. Costly is it
+of human labor, and perilous to human life. And when I remembered that
+those employed in it receive the sacrament beforehand, in order that
+imminent death may not find them out of a state of grace, I thought that
+its beauty did not so much signify."
+
+In the Journal she writes, April 19: "It is the golden calf of old which
+has developed into the papal bull."
+
+At a concert she saw the Abbe Liszt, "whose vanity and desire to attract
+attention were most apparent."
+
+Though the sober light of middle age showed Rome less magical than of
+old, yet the days were full of delight.
+
+"In these scarce three weeks," she cries, "how much have we seen, how
+little recorded and described! So sweet has been the fable, that the
+intended moral has passed like an act in a dream--a thing of illusion
+and intention, not of fact. Impotent am I, indeed, to describe the
+riches of this Roman world,--its treasures, its pleasures, its
+flatteries, its lessons. Of so much that one receives, one can give
+again but the smallest shred,--a leaf of each flower, a scrap of each
+garment, a proverb for a sermon, a stave for a song. So be it; so,
+perhaps, it is best."
+
+"Last Sunday I attended a Tombola at Piazza Navona.... I know the Piazza
+of old. Sixteen years since I made many a pilgrimage thither, in search
+of Roman trash. I was not then past the poor amusement of spending money
+for the sake of spending it. The foolish things I brought home moved the
+laughter of my little Roman public. I appeared in public with some
+forlorn brooch or dilapidated earring; the giddy laughed outright, and
+the polite gazed quietly. My rooms were the refuge of all broken-down
+vases and halting candelabra. I lived on the third floor of a modest
+lodging, and all the wrecks of art that neither first, second, nor
+fourth would buy, found their way into my parlor, and stayed there at my
+expense. I recall some of these adornments to-day. Two heroes, in
+painted wood, stood in my dark little entry. A gouty Cupid in bas-relief
+encumbered my mantelpiece. Two forlorn figures in black and white glass
+recalled the auction whose unlucky prize they had been. And Horace
+Wallace, coming to talk of art and poetry, on my red sofa, sometimes
+saluted me with a paroxysm of merriment, provoked by the sight of my
+last purchase. Those days are not now. Of their accumulations I retain
+but a fragment or two. Of their delights remain a tender memory, a
+childish wonder at my own childishness. To-day, in heathen Rome, I can
+find better amusement than those shards and rags were ever able to
+represent."
+
+On May 26 she writes in her Journal:--
+
+"I remembered the confusion of my mind when I was here sixteen years ago
+and recognized how far more than equivalent for the vivacity of youth,
+now gone, is the gain of a steadfast standard of good and happiness. To
+desire supremely ends which are incompatible with no one's happiness and
+which promote the good of all--this even as an ideal is a great gain
+from the small and eager covetousness of personal desires. Religion
+gives this steadfast standard whose pursuit is happiness. Therefore let
+him who seeks religion be glad that he seeks the only true good of
+which, indeed, we constantly fail, and yet in seeking it are constantly
+renewed.... Studios of Mozier and of Rogers--the former quite full. Both
+have considerable skill, neither has genius. The statues of Miss Hosmer
+are marble silences--they have nothing to say."
+
+Greece was before her. On June 17 the Journal says:--
+
+"Acroceraunian mountains, shore of Albania. Nothing strikes me--I have
+been struck till I am stricken down. _Sirocco_ and head wind--vessel
+laboring with the sea, I with Guizot's 'Meditations,' which also have
+some head wind in them. They seem to me inconclusive in statement and
+commonplace in thought, yet presenting some facts of interest. A little
+before 2 P.M. we passed Fano, the island on which Calypso could not
+console herself, and no wonder. At 2 we enter the channel of Corfu."
+
+At Corfu a Turkish pacha came on board with his harem, to our lively
+interest. The Journal gives every observable detail of the somewhat
+squalid _menage_, from the pacha's lilac trousers down to the dress of
+his son and heir, a singularly dirty baby. She remarks that "An Irish
+servant's child in Boston, got up for Sunday, looks far cleaner and
+better."
+
+The pacha looked indolent and good-natured, and sent coffee to her
+before she disembarked at Syra. Here she was met by Mr. Evangelides, the
+"Christy" of her childhood, the Greek boy befriended by her father. He
+was now a prosperous man in middle life, full of affectionate
+remembrance of the family at 16 Bond Street, and of gratitude to "dear
+Mr. Ward." He welcomed her most cordially, and introduced her not only
+to the beauties of Syra, but to its principal inhabitants, the governor
+of the Cyclades, the archbishop, and Doctor Hahn, the scientist and
+antiquary. She conversed with the archbishop in German.
+
+"He deplored the absence of a state religion in America. I told him that
+the progress of religion in our country seemed to establish the fact
+that society attains the best religious culture through the greatest
+religious liberty. He replied that the members should all be united
+under one head. 'Yes,' said I, 'but the Head is invisible'; and he
+repeated after me, 'Indeed, the Head is invisible.' I will here remark
+that nothing could have been more refreshing to the New England mind
+than this immediate introduction to the theological opinions of the
+East."
+
+A few hours later his Grace returned the visit, seeking in his turn, it
+would appear, the refreshment of a new point of view.
+
+"We resumed our conversation of the morning, and the celibacy of the
+clerical hierarchy came next in order in our discussion. The father was
+in something of a strait between the Christian dignification of marriage
+and its ascetic depreciation. The arrival of other visitors forced us to
+part, with this interesting point still unsettled."
+
+Arrived in Athens, the travellers found the "veteran" (as the Doctor is
+called throughout her book) in full tide of work. The apartment in the
+pleasant hotel swarmed with dark-eyed patriots, with Cretan refugees,
+with old men who had known "Xaos" in the brave days of old, with young
+men eager to see and greet the old Philhellene. Among the latter came
+Michael Anagnostopoulos, who was to become his secretary, and later his
+son-in-law and his successor at the Perkins Institution for the Blind.
+The ladies of Athens came too, full of hospitable feeling. There were
+visits, deputations, committee meetings, all day long, and in the
+evening parties and receptions.
+
+Spite of all this, her first impression of Athens was melancholy. She
+was oppressed and depressed at sight of the havoc wrought by Time and
+war upon monuments that should have been sacred. Speaking of the
+Parthenon, she exclaims:--
+
+"And Pericles caused it to be built; and this, his marble utterance, is
+now a lame sentence, with half its sense left out....
+
+"Here is the Temple of Victory. Within are the bas-reliefs of the
+Victories arriving in the hurry of their glorious errands. Something so
+they tumbled in upon us when Sherman conquered the Carolinas, and
+Sheridan the Valley of the Shenandoah, when Lee surrendered, and the
+glad President went to Richmond. One of these Victories is untying her
+sandal, in token of permanent abiding. Yet all of them have trooped away
+long since, scared by the hideous havoc of barbarians. And the
+bas-reliefs, their marble shadows, have all been battered and mutilated
+into the saddest mockery of their original tradition. The statue of
+Wingless Victory, that stood in the little temple, has long been absent
+and unaccounted for. But the only Victory that the Parthenon now can
+seize or desire is this very Wingless Victory, the triumph of a power
+that retreats not--the power of Truth.
+
+"I give heed to all that is told me in a dreary and desolate manner. It
+is true, no doubt,--this was, and this, and this; but what I see is,
+none the less, emptiness,--the broken eggshell of a civilization which
+Time has hatched and devoured. And this incapacity to reconstruct the
+past goes with me through most of my days in Athens. The city is so
+modern, and its circle so small! The trumpeters who shriek around the
+Theseum in the morning, the cafe-keeper who taxes you for a chair
+beneath the shadow of the Olympian columns, the _custode_ who hangs
+about to see that you do not break the broken marbles further, or carry
+off their piteous fragments, all of these are significant of modern
+Greece; but the ruins have nothing to do with it.
+
+"Poor as these relics are, in comparison with what one would wish them
+to be, they are still priceless. This Greek marble is the noblest in
+descent; it needs no eulogy. These forms have given the models for a
+hundred familiar and commonplace works, which caught a little gleam of
+their glory, squaring to shapeliness some town-house of the West, or
+Southern bank or church. So well do we know them in the prose of modern
+design that we are startled at seeing them transfigured in the poetry of
+their own conception. Poor old age! poor old columns!"
+
+There was a colony of Cretan refugees at Nauplia, another at Argos, both
+in dire need of food and clothing. The Doctor asked the Government for a
+steamer, and received the Parados, in which he promptly embarked with
+wife, daughters, and supplies, and sailed for Nauplia.
+
+The travelling library of this expedition was reduced to "a copy of
+Machiavelli's '_Principe_,' a volume of Muir's 'Greece,' and a Greek
+phrase-book on Ollendorff's principle." Our mother also took some
+worsted work, but she suffered such lively torment from the bites of
+mosquitoes and sand-fleas on her hands and wrists that she could make
+little use of this. To one recalling the anguish of this visitation, it
+seems amazing that she could even write in her Journal; indeed, the
+entries, though tolerably regular, are brief and condensed.
+
+"_June 24...._ We arrived in the harbor of Nauplia by 7 P.M. ... Crowd
+in the street. Bandit's head just cut off and brought in. We go to the
+prefect's house, ... he offers us his roof--sends out for mattresses....
+I mad with my mosquito bites. Mattresses on the floor. We women lie down
+four in a row, very thankfully...."
+
+At the fortress of Nauplia, she was deeply touched by the sight of a
+band of prisoners waiting, in an inner court, for the death to which
+they had been condemned.
+
+"'Do not pity them, madam!' said the major; 'they have all done deeds
+worthy of death.'
+
+"But how not to pity them," she cries, "when they and we are made of the
+same fragile human stuff, that corrupts so easily to crime, and is
+always redeemable, if society would only afford the costly process of
+redemption!
+
+"As I looked at them, I was struck by a feeling of their helplessness.
+What is there in the world so helpless as a disarmed criminal? No inner
+armor has he to beat back the rude visiting of society; no secure
+soul-citadel, where scorn and anger cannot reach him. He has thrown
+away the jewel of his manhood; human law crushes its empty case. But the
+final Possessor and Creditor is unseen."
+
+After Nauplia came Argos, where the Cretan refugees were gathered in
+force. Here the travellers had the great pleasure of helping to clothe
+the half-naked women and children. Many of the garments had been made by
+Florence and her young friends in their sewing circle; the book recalls
+"how the little maidens took off their feathery bonnets and dainty
+gloves, wielding the heavy implements of cutting, and eagerly adjusting
+the arms and legs, the gores and gathers! With patient pride the mother
+trotted off to the bakery, that a few buns might sustain these strenuous
+little cutters and sewers, whose tongues, however active over the
+charitable work, talked, we may be sure, no empty nonsense nor unkind
+gossip. For charity begins indeed at home, in the heart, and, descending
+to the fingers, rules also the rebellious member whose mischief is often
+done before it is meditated. At sight of these well-made garments a
+little swelling of the heart seized us, with the love and pride of
+remembrance so dear."
+
+The Journal describes briefly the distribution among the Cretans, "some
+extremely bare and ragged, with suffering little children. Our calico
+skirts and sacks made a creditable appearance. We gave with as much
+judgment as the short time permitted. Each name was called by a list,
+and as they came in we hastily selected garments: the dresses, however,
+gave out before we had quite finished.... Ungrateful old woman, who
+wanted a gown and would hardly take a chemise. Meddlesome lady of the
+neighborhood bringing in her favorites out of order."
+
+Generous as the supplies from America were, they did not begin to meet
+the demand. After visiting Crete (in spite--perhaps partly because--of
+the fact that a high price was set on his head) and the various colonies
+of refugees, the Doctor felt that further aid must be obtained.
+Accordingly, the journeyings of the little party after leaving Greece
+were for the most part only less hurried than the earlier ones, the
+exception being a week of enchantment spent in Venice, awaiting the
+Doctor, who had been called back to Athens at the moment of departure.
+
+The Journal tells of Verona, Innsbrueck, Munich. Then came flying
+glimpses of Switzerland, with a few days' rest at Geneva, where she had
+the happiness of meeting her sister once more; finally, Paris and the
+Exposition of 1867.
+
+After a visit to Napoleon's tomb, she writes: "Spent much of the
+afternoon in beginning a piece of tapestry after a Pompeiian pattern
+copied by me on the spot."
+
+Worsted work was an unfailing accompaniment of her journeyings in those
+days; indeed, until age and weariness came upon her, she never failed to
+have some piece of work on hand. When her eyes could no longer compass
+cross-stitch embroidery, she amused herself with knitting, or with
+"hooking" small rugs.
+
+Her sketchbook was another resource while travelling. She had no special
+talent for drawing, but took great pleasure in it, and was constantly
+making pencil sketches of persons and things that interested her. We
+even find patterns of Pompeiian mosaic or of historic needlework
+reproduced in the Journal.
+
+From Paris the travellers hurried to Belgium, and after a glance at
+Brussels, spent several days in Antwerp with great contentment. Both
+here and in Brussels she had been much interested in the beautiful lace
+displayed on every hand. She made several modest purchases, not without
+visitings of conscience.
+
+"I went to the Cathedral.... I saw to-day the Elevation of the Cross
+[Rubens] to special advantage. As I stood before it, I felt lifted for a
+moment above the mean and foolish pleasures of shopping, etc., on which
+I have of late dwelt so largely. The heroic face before me said, 'You
+cannot have those and these, cannot have Christian elevation with
+heathen triviality.' That moment showed me what a picture can do. I hope
+I shall remember it, though I do plead guilty of late to an
+extraordinary desire for finery of all sorts. It is as if I were going
+home to play the part of Princess in some great drama, which is not at
+all likely to be the case."
+
+Yet the same day she went to the beguinage and bought "Flossy's wedding
+hdkf, 22 frc--lace scarf, 3 fr., piece of edging, 4 fr."
+
+Among the notabilities of Antwerp in those days was Charles Felu, the
+armless painter. He was to be seen every day in the Museum, copying the
+great masters with skill and fidelity. He interested the Doctor greatly,
+and the whole party made acquaintance with him. A letter from one of
+them describes the meeting with this singular man:--
+
+"As we were looking round at the pictures, I noticed a curious painting
+arrangement. There was a platform raised about a foot above the floor,
+with two stools, one in front of the other, and an easel. Presently the
+artist entered. The first thing he did, on stepping on the platform, was
+to kick off his shoes. He then seated himself (Heaven knows how) on one
+stool and placed his feet in front of him on the other, close before the
+easel. I was surprised to see that his stockings had no toes to them.
+But my surprise was much greater when I saw him take the palette in one
+foot and the brush in the other, and begin to paint. The nicety with
+which he picked out his brushes, rubbed the paints, erased with his
+great toe, etc., was a mystery to me.... In a few minutes he put his
+foot into his pocket, drew out a paper from which he took his card, and
+_footed_ it politely to papa.... He shaves himself, plays billiards (and
+well, too), cards, and dominoes, cuts up his meat and feeds himself,
+etc."
+
+"_October 1._ By accident went to the same hotel [in Bruges] to which I
+went twenty-four years ago, a bride. I recognized a staircase with a
+balustrade of swans each holding a stiff bulrush in its mouth.... Made a
+little verse thereupon."
+
+From Belgium the way led to London; thence, after a brief and delightful
+visit to the Bracebridges at Atherstone, to Liverpool, where the China
+awaited her passengers. The voyage was long and stormy, thirteen days:
+the Journal speaks chiefly of its discomforts; but on the second Sunday
+we read: "X. preached a horrible sermon--stood up and mocked at
+philosophy in good English and bad Christianity. He failed alike of
+satire and of sense, and talked like a small Pharisee of two thousand
+years ago. 'Not much like the Sermon on the Mount,' quoth I; not
+theology enough to stand examination at Andover. Bluejackets in a row,
+unedified, as were most of us."
+
+On October 25 the travellers landed in Boston, thankful to be again on
+firm land, and to see the family unit once more complete.
+
+"The dear children came on board to greet us--all well, and very happy
+at our return."
+
+Thus ends the story, seven months of wonder and of delight.
+
+At her Club, soon after, she gave the following epitome of the trip,
+singing the doggerel lines to an improvised tune which matched them in
+absurdity:--
+
+  Oh! who were the people you saw, Mrs. Howe,
+  When you went where the Cretans were making a row?
+  Kalopathaki--Rodocanachi--
+  Paparipopoulos--Anagnostopoulos--
+  Nicolaides--Paraskevaides--
+  These were the people that saw Mrs. Howe
+  When she went where the Cretans were making a row.
+
+  Oh! what were the projects you made, Mrs. Howe,
+  When you went where the Cretans were making a row?
+  Emancipation--civilization--redintegration of a great nation,
+  Paying no taxes, grinding no axes--
+  Flinging the Ministers over the banisters.
+  These were the projects of good Mrs. Howe
+  When she went where the Cretans were making a row.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Oh! give us a specimen, dear Mrs. Howe,
+  Of the Greek that you learned and are mistress of now.
+  Potichomania--Mesopotamia.
+  Tatterdemalion--episcopalian--
+  Megalotherium--monster inferium--
+  Scoulevon--auctrion--infant phenomenon.
+  Kyrie ticamete--what's your calamity?
+  Pallas Athenae Aun,
+  Favors no Fenian.
+  Such is the language that learned Mrs. Howe,
+  In the speech of the Gods she is mistress of now.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIII
+
+CONCERNING CLUBS
+
+1867-1871; _aet._ 48-52
+
+  "Behold," he said, "Life's great impersonate,
+        Nourished by labor!
+  Thy gods are gone with old-time faith and fate;
+        Here is thy Neighbor."
+
+                        J. W. H., "A New Sculptor."
+
+
+After such a rush of impression and emotion, the return to everyday life
+could not fail to bring about a corresponding drop in our mother's
+mental barometer. Vexations awaited her. The Boylston Place house had
+been let for a year, and--Green Peace being also let on a long
+lease--the reunited family took refuge for the winter in the "Doctor's
+Wing" of the Perkins Institution.
+
+Again, an extremely unfavorable critique of "Later Lyrics" in a
+prominent review distressed her greatly; her health was more or less
+disturbed; above all, the sudden death of John A. Andrew, the beloved
+and honored friend of many years, saddened both her and the Doctor
+deeply.
+
+All these things affected her spirits to some extent, so that the
+Journal for the remainder of 1867 is in a minor key.
+
+"... In despair about the house...."
+
+On hearing of the separation of Charles Sumner from his wife:--
+
+"For men and women to come together is nature--for them to live
+together is art--to live well, high art."
+
+"_November 21._ Melancholy, thinking that I did but poorly last evening
+[at a reading from her 'Notes on Travel' at the Church of the
+Disciples].... At the afternoon concert felt a savage and tearful
+melancholy, a profound friendlessness. In the whole large assembly I saw
+no one who would help me to do anything worthy of my powers and
+life-ideal. I have so dreamed of high use that I cannot decline to a
+life of amusement or of small occupation."
+
+"... I believe in God, but am utterly weary of man."
+
+After a disappointment:--
+
+"... To church, where my mental condition speedily improved. Sermon on
+the Good Samaritan. Hymns and prayers all congenial and consoling. Felt
+much consoled and uplifted out of all petty discords and
+disappointments. A disappointment should be digested in patience, not
+vomited in spleen. Bitter morsels nourish the soul, not less perhaps
+than sweet. Thought of the following: Moral philosophy begins with the
+fact of accepting human life."
+
+In November came a new interest which was to mean much to her.
+
+"Early in town to attend the Free Religious Club. Weiss's essay was well
+written, but encumbered with illustrations rarely pertinent. It was
+neither religion, philosophy, nor cosmology, but a confusion of all
+three, showing the encyclopaedic aim of his culture. It advocated the
+natural to the exclusion of the supernatural. Being invited to speak, I
+suggested real and ideal as a better antithesis for thought than
+natural and supernatural. Weiss did all that his method would allow. He
+is a man of parts. I cannot determine how much, but the Parkerian
+standard, or a similar one, has deformed his reasoning powers. He seeks
+something better than Christianity without having half penetrated the
+inner significance of that religion.
+
+"Alcott spoke in the idealistic direction. Also Wasson very well.
+Lucretia Mott exceptionally well, a little rambling, but with true
+womanly intuitions of taste and of morality."
+
+This association of thinkers was afterwards known as the "Boston Radical
+Club." She has much to say about it in her "Reminiscences."
+
+"I did, indeed," she says, "hear at these meetings much that pained and
+even irritated me. The disposition to seek outside the limits of
+Christianity for all that is noble and inspiring in religious culture,
+and to recognize especially within these limits the superstition and
+intolerance which have been the bane of all religions--this disposition,
+which was frequently manifested both in the essays presented and in
+their discussion, offended not only my affections, but also my sense of
+justice....
+
+"Setting this one point aside, I can but speak of the Club as a high
+congress of souls, in which many noble thoughts were uttered. Nobler
+than any special view or presentation was the general sense of the
+dignity of human character and of its affinity with things divine, which
+always gave the master tone to the discussions."
+
+She says elsewhere of the Radical Club:--
+
+"The really radical feature in it was the fact that the thoughts
+presented at its meetings had a root; were in that sense radical....
+Here I have heard Wendell Phillips, and Oliver Wendell Holmes, John
+Weiss and James Freeman Clarke, Athanase Coquerel, the noble French
+Protestant preacher; William Henry Channing, worthy nephew of his great
+uncle; Colonel Higginson, Doctor Bartol, and many others. Extravagant
+things were sometimes said, no doubt, and the equilibrium of ordinary
+persuasion was not infrequently disturbed for a time. But the
+satisfaction of those present when a sound basis of thought was
+vindicated and established is indeed pleasant in remembrance...."
+
+"To Dickens's second reading, which I enjoyed very much. The 'wreck' in
+'David Copperfield' was finely given. His appearance is against success;
+the face is rather commonplace, seen at a distance, and very red if seen
+through a glass: the voice worn and _blase_."
+
+"... Club in the evening, at which my nonsense made people laugh, as I
+wished...."
+
+"A little intoxicated with the pleasure of having made people laugh. A
+fool, however, can often do this better than a wise man. I look
+earnestly for a higher task. Yet innocent, intelligent laughter is not
+to be despised."
+
+"Was taken with verses in church. They did not prove nearly as good as I
+had hoped...."
+
+"Made three beds, to help Bridget, who had the washing alone. Read a
+difficult chapter in Fichte."
+
+"Studied and worried as usual,--Fichte and Greek...."
+
+"Have not been strenuous enough about the Cretan Fair...."
+
+Any lack of strenuousness about the Cretan Fair was amply atoned for.
+
+An "Appeal" was published, written by her and signed by Julia Ward Howe,
+Emily Talbot, Sarah E. Lawrence, Caroline A. Mudge, and Abby W. May.
+
+"What shall we say? They are a great way off, but they are starving and
+perishing, as none in our midst can starve and perish, and we Americans
+are among the few persons to whom they can look for help."
+
+In this cry for aid we hear the voice of both parents. The response was
+cordial and generous. The fair was held in Easter Week, at the Boston
+Music Hall, and recalled on a smaller scale the glories of the war-time
+fairs. Of the great labor of preparation, the Journal gives a lively
+impression; and "speaking for Crete" was added to the other burdens
+borne by her and the Doctor.
+
+She could not give up her studies; the entries for the winter of 1867-68
+are a curious mingling of Fichte and committees, with here and there a
+prayer for spiritual help and guidance, which shows her overwrought
+condition.
+
+Another interest had come to her from the visit to Greece: the study of
+ancient Greek. Latin had been her lifelong friend, but she had always
+longed for the sister classic; now the time was ripe for it. She made a
+beginning in Athens, not only picking up a good deal of modern Greek,
+but attacking the ancient language with the aid of primer and
+phrase-book. A valuable teacher was at hand in Michael Anagnos,[67] who
+was aiding the Doctor as secretary, and preparing himself for the
+principal work of his life. Anagnos encouraged and assisted her in the
+new study, which became one of her greatest delights. She looked forward
+to a Greek lesson as girls do to a ball; in later life she was wont to
+say, "My Greek is my diamond necklace!"
+
+  [67] Formerly Anagnostopoulos. He dropped the last three syllables soon
+  after coming to this country.
+
+
+"_January 1, 1868._ May I this year have energy, patience, good-will and
+good faith. May I be guilty of no treason against duty and my best self.
+May I acquire more system, order, and wisdom in the use of things. May
+I, if God wills, carry out some of my plans for making my studies useful
+to others. This is much to ask, but not too much of Him who giveth all."
+
+"_January 24._ A dreadfully busy day. Meeting of General Committee on
+Cretan Fair.... Felt overcome with fatigue, and nervous and fretful, but
+I am quite sure that I do not rave as I used to do...."
+
+"_January 26._ Some mental troubles have ended in a determination to
+hold fast till death the liberty wherewith Christ has made me free. The
+joyous belief that his doctrine of influences can keep me from all that
+I should most greatly dread, lifts me up like a pair of strong wings. 'I
+shall run and not be weary. I shall walk and not faint.' At church the
+first hymn contained this line:--
+
+  "'Her fathers' God before her moved'--
+
+which quite impressed me, for my father's piety and the excellence of
+other departed relatives have always of late years been a support and
+pledge to me of my own good behavior."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"The thief's heart, the wanton's brow, may accompany high talent and
+geniality of temperament; but thanks be to God they _need_ not."
+
+"... Wished I could make a fine poetic picture of Paul preaching at Mars
+Hill. On the one side, the glittering statues and brilliant
+mythology--on the other, the simplicity of the Christian life and
+doctrine. But to-day no pictures came."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Got Anagnos to help me read two odes of Anacreon. This was a great
+pleasure."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Much business--no Greek lesson. I was feeble in mind and body, and
+brooded over the loss of the lesson in a silly manner. Habit is to me
+not second, but first nature, and I easily become mechanical and fixed
+in my routine.... I confess that to lay down Greek now would be to die,
+like Moses, in sight of the promised land. All my life I have longed for
+this language...."
+
+"All of these days are mixed of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. I am
+pretty well content with my work, not as well with myself. I feel the
+need of earnest prayer and divine help...."
+
+"I had been invited to read the essay to the Radical Religious Club on
+this day at 10 A.M. I asked leave for Anagnos and took him with me. My
+daemon [Socratic] had told me to read 'Doubt and Belief,' so I chose this
+and read it. I find my daemon justified. It seemed to have a certain
+fitness in calling forth discussion. Mr. Emerson first spoke very
+beautifully, then Mr. Alcott, these two sympathizing in my view. Wasson
+followed, a little off, but with a very friendly contrast.... Much of
+this talk was very interesting. It was all marked by power and
+sincerity, but Emerson and Alcott understood my essay better than the
+others except J. F. C. I introduced Anagnos to Emerson. I told him that
+he had seen the Olympus of New England. Thought of my dear lost son,
+dead in this house [13 Chestnut Street, where the meeting was held].
+Anagnos is a dear son to me. I brought him home to dinner, and count
+this a happy day."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"I have heard the true word of God to-day from Frederick Hedge--a sermon
+on Love as the true bond of society, which lifted my weak soul as on the
+strong wings of a cherub. The immortal truths easily lost sight of in
+our everyday weakness and passion stood out to-day so strong and clear
+that I felt their healing power as if Christ had stood and touched my
+blinded eyes with his divine finger. So be it always! _Esto perpetua!_"
+
+On April 13 the fair opened; a breathless week followed. She was much
+exhausted after it, but in a few days "began to rehearse for
+Festival."[68]
+
+  [68] The Handel and Haydn Festival.
+
+"After extreme depression, I begin to take heart a little. Almighty God
+help me!
+
+"Greek lesson--rehearsal in the evening--choral symphony and
+_Lobgesang_."
+
+During the summer of 1868 she had great pleasure in reading some of her
+essays at Newport, in the Unitarian Church. She notes in her
+"Reminiscences" that one lady kissed her after the reading, saying,
+"This is the way I want to hear women speak"; and that Mrs. P---- S----,
+on hearing the words, "If God works, madam, you can afford to work
+also!" rose and went out, saying, "I won't listen to such stuff as
+this!"
+
+The parlor readings brought her name into wider prominence. She began to
+receive invitations to read and speak in public.
+
+Mr. Emerson wrote to her concerning her philosophical readings: "The
+scheme is excellent--to read thus--so new and rare, yet so grateful to
+all parties. It costs genius to invent our simplest pleasures."
+
+The winter of 1867-68 saw the birth of another institution which was to
+be of lifelong interest to her: the New England Woman's Club. This, one
+of the earliest of women's clubs, was organized on February 16, 1868,
+with Mrs. Caroline M. Severance, in whose mind the idea had first taken
+shape, as president. Its constitution announces the objects of the
+association as "primarily, to furnish a quiet, central resting-place,
+and place of meeting in Boston, for the comfort and convenience of its
+members: and ultimately to become an organized social centre for united
+thought and action."
+
+How far the second clause has outdone and outshone the first, is known
+to all who know anything of the history of women's clubs. From the New
+England Woman's Club and its cousin Sorosis, founded a month later in
+New York, has grown the great network of clubs which, like a beneficent
+railway system of thought and good-will, penetrates every nook and
+corner of this country.
+
+Our mother was one of the first vice-presidents of the Club, and from
+1871 to her death in 1910, with two brief intervals, its president.
+Among all the many associations with which she was connected this was
+perhaps the nearest to her heart. "My dear Club!" no other organization
+brought such a tender ring to her voice. She never willingly missed a
+meeting; the monthly teas were among her great delights. The Journal has
+much to say about the Club: "a good meeting"; "a thoughtful, earnest
+meeting," are frequent entries. "Why!" she cried once, "we may be living
+in the Millennium without knowing it!"
+
+In her "Reminiscences," after telling how she attended the initial
+meeting, and "gave a languid assent to the measure proposed," she
+adds:--
+
+"Out of this small beginning was gradually developed the plan of the New
+England Woman's Club, a strong and stately association, destined, I
+believe, to last for many years, and having behind it, at this time of
+my writing, a record of three decades of happy and acceptable service."
+
+The Club movement was henceforth to be one of her widest interests. To
+thousands of elder women in the late sixties and early seventies it
+came like a new gospel of activity and service. They had reared their
+children and seen them take flight; moreover, they had fought through
+the war, their hearts in the field, their fingers plying needle and
+thread. They had been active in committees and commissions the country
+over; had learned to work with and beside men, finding joy and
+companionship and inspiration in such work. How could they go back to
+the chimney-corner life of the fifties? In answer to their question--an
+answer from Heaven, it seemed--came the women's clubs, with their
+opportunities for self-culture and for public service.
+
+At first Society looked askance at the movement. What? Women's clubs?
+They would take women away from the Home, which was their Sphere!
+Shocking! Besides, it might make them Strong-Minded! Horrible! ("But,"
+said J. W. H., "I would rather be strong-minded than weak-minded!")
+
+Possibly influenced in some measure by such plaints as these, the early
+clubs devoted themselves for the most part to study, and their range of
+activities was strictly limited and defined. This, however, could not
+last. The Doctor used to say, "You may as well refuse to let out the
+growing boy's trousers as refuse larger and larger liberty to his
+growing individuality!" Even so the club petticoats had to be lengthened
+and amplified.
+
+Our mother, with all her love of study, realized that no individual or
+group of individuals must neglect the present with its living issues for
+any past, however beautiful. She threw her energies into widening the
+club horizon. "Don't tie too many _nots_ in your constitution!" she
+would say to a young club; and then she would tell how Florence
+Nightingale cut the Gordian knots of red tape in the Crimea.
+
+Did the constitution enforce such and such limits? Ah! but committees
+were not thus limited; let a committee be appointed, to do what the club
+could not! (This was what the Doctor called "whipping the devil round
+the stump!")
+
+Many and many a reform had its beginning in one of those quiet Park
+Street rooms of the "N. E. W. C." "When I want anything in Boston
+remedied," said Edward Everett Hale, "I go down to the New England
+Woman's Club!"
+
+When the General Federation of Women's Clubs was formed in 1892, our
+mother served on the board of directors for four years, and was then
+made an honorary vice-president. She was also president of the
+Massachusetts State Federation from 1893 to 1898, and thereafter
+honorary president.
+
+Dr. Holmes once said to her, "Mrs. Howe, I consider you eminently
+clubable"; and he added that he himself was not. He told us why, when he
+adopted the title of "Autocrat of the Breakfast-Table." The most
+brilliant of talkers, he did not care to listen, as a good club member
+must. Now, she too loved talking, but perhaps she loved listening even
+more. No one who knew her in her later years can forget how intently she
+listened, how joyously she received information of any and every kind.
+She never was tired; she always wanted more. All human experience
+thrilled her; the choreman, the dressmaker, the postman, the caller; one
+and all, she hung on their words. After a half-hour with her, seeing her
+face alight with sympathy, her delicate lips often actually forming the
+words as he spoke them, the dullest person might go away on air, feeling
+himself a born _raconteur_. What she said once of Mr. Emerson, "He
+always came into a room as if he expected to receive more than he gave!"
+was true of herself.
+
+To return to the clubs! At a biennial meeting of the General Federation
+in Philadelphia, she said: "What did the club life give me?
+Understanding of my own sex; faith in its moral and intellectual growth.
+Like so many others, I saw the cruel wrongs and vexed problems of our
+social life, but I did not know that hidden away in its own midst was a
+reserve force destined to give precious aid in the righting of wrongs,
+and in the solution of discords. In the women's clubs I found the
+immense power which sympathy exercises in bringing out the best
+aspirations of the woman nature.... To guard against dangers, we must do
+our utmost to uphold and keep in view the high object which has, in the
+first instance, called us together; and let this be no mere party
+catchword or cry, as East against West, or North against South. We can
+afford to meet as citizens of one common country, and to love and serve
+the whole as one."
+
+She believed firmly in maintaining the privacy of club life. "The club
+is a larger home," she said, "and we wish to have the immunities and
+defences of home; therefore we do not wish the public present, even by
+its attorney, the reporter."
+
+The three following years were important ones to the Howe family.
+
+Lawton's Valley was sold, to our great and lasting grief: and--after a
+summer spent at Stevens Cottage near Newport--the Doctor bought the
+place now known as "Oak Glen," scarce half a mile from the Valley; a
+place to become only less dear to the family. No. 19 Boylston Place was
+also sold, and he bought No. 32 Mount Vernon Street, a sunny, pleasant
+house whose spacious rooms and tall windows recalled the Chestnut Street
+house, always regretted.
+
+Here life circled ever faster and faster, fuller and fuller. Our father,
+though beginning to feel the weight of years, had not yet begun to "take
+in sail," but continued to pile labor on labor, adding the new while
+never abandoning the old. For our mother clubs, societies, studies were
+multiplying, while for both family cares and interests were becoming
+more and more complicated. The children were now mostly grown. To the
+mother's constant thought and anxiety about their teeth, their hair,
+their eyes, their music, their dancing--to say nothing of the weightier
+matters of the law--was added the consideration of their ball dresses,
+their party slippers, their partners. She went with the daughters to
+ball and assembly; if they danced, she was happy; if not, there was
+grief behind the cheerful smile, and a sigh was confided to the Journal
+next day.
+
+Romance hovered over No. 32 Mount Vernon Street. The Greek lessons
+which were to mean so much to Julia and Laura were brought to a sudden
+end by the engagement of Julia to the Greek teacher, Michael Anagnos.
+Florence (who was now housekeeper, lightening our mother's cares
+greatly) was already engaged to David Prescott Hall; while Laura's
+engagement to Henry Richards was announced shortly after Julia's.
+
+The three marriages followed at intervals of a few months. Meantime
+Harry, whose youthful pranks had been the terror of both parents, had
+graduated from Harvard, and was now, after two years[69] at the
+Massachusetts Institute of Technology, beginning his chosen work as a
+metallurgist.
+
+  [69] 1869-1871. He took the course of geology and mining engineering,
+  graduating at the head of his class.
+
+She wrote of this beloved son:--
+
+  God gave my son a palace,
+    And a kingdom to control;
+  The palace of his body,
+    The kingdom of his soul.
+
+In childhood and boyhood this "palace" was inhabited by a tricksy
+sprite. At two years Harry was pulling the tails of the little dogs on
+the Roman Pincio; at eighteen he was filling the breasts of the college
+authorities with the same emotions inspired by his father in the
+previous generation.
+
+"Howe," said the old President of Brown University, when the Chevalier
+called to pay his respects on his return from Greece, "I am afraid of
+you now! There may be a fire-cracker under my chair at this moment!"
+
+Once out of college, it fared with the son as with the father. The
+current of restless energy hitherto devoted to "monkey shines" (as the
+Doctor called them) was now turned into another channel. Work, hardly
+less arduous and unremitting than his father's, became the habit of his
+life. Science claimed him, and her he served with the same singleness of
+purpose, the same intensity of devotion with which his parents served
+the causes that claimed them. He married, in 1874, Fannie, daughter of
+Willard Gay, of Troy, New York.
+
+We love to recall the time at this house on Beacon Hill. We remember it
+as a cheerful house, ringing with song and laughter, yet with a steady
+undercurrent of work and thought; the "precious time," not to be
+interrupted; the coming and going of grave men and earnest women, all
+bent on high and hopeful errands, all seeking our two Wise Ones for
+counsel, aid, sympathy; the coming and going also of a steady stream of
+"lame ducks" of both sexes and all nationalities, all requiring help,
+most of them getting it; yet, as ever, the father leaving State
+Charities and Reforms, the mother flying from Fichte or Xenophon, at any
+real or fancied need of any child. It is thus that we love to think of
+No. 32 Mount Vernon Street, the last of the many homes in which we were
+all together.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIV
+
+THE PEACE CRUSADE
+
+1870-1872; _aet._ 51-53
+
+ENDEAVOR
+
+  "What hast thou for thy scattered seed,
+    O Sower of the plain?
+  Where are the many gathered sheaves
+    Thy hope should bring again?"
+  "The only record of my work
+    Lies in the buried grain."
+
+  "O Conqueror of a thousand fields!
+    In dinted armor dight,
+  What growths of purple amaranth
+    Shall crown thy brow of might?"
+  "Only the blossom of my life
+    Flung widely in the fight."
+
+  "What is the harvest of thy saints,
+    O God! who dost abide?
+  Where grow the garlands of thy chiefs
+    In blood and sorrow dyed?
+  What have thy servants for their pains?"
+    "This only,--to have tried."
+
+                                         J. W. H.
+
+
+When a branch is cut from a vigorous tree, Nature at once sets to work
+to adjust matters. New juices flow, new tissues form, the wound is
+scarfed over, and after a time is seen only as a scar. Not here, but
+elsewhere, does the new growth take place, the fresh green shoots
+appear, more vigorous for the pruning.
+
+Thus it was with our mother's life, as one change after another came
+across it. Little Sam died, and her heart withered with him: then
+religion and study came to her aid, and through them she reached
+another blossoming time of thought and accomplishment Now, with the
+marriage and departure of the children, still another notable change was
+wrought, rather joyful than sorrowful, but none the less marking an
+epoch.
+
+Up to this time (1871) the wide, sunny rooms of the house on Beacon Hill
+had been filled with young, active life. The five children, their
+friends, their music, their parties, their talk and laughter, kept youth
+and gayety at full tide: the green branches grew and blossomed.
+
+For all five she had been from their cradle not only mistress of the
+revels and chief musician, but spur and beacon of mind and soul.
+
+Now four of the five were transplanted to other ground. Many women,
+confronting changes like these, say to themselves, "It is over. For me
+there is no more active life; instead, the shelf and the chimney
+corner." This woman, lifting her eyes from the empty spaces, saw
+Opportunity beckoning from new heights, and moved gladly to meet her.
+Now, as ever, she "staked her life upon the red."
+
+The empty spaces must be filled. Study no longer sufficed: the need of
+serving humanity actively, hand and foot, pen and voice, was now urgent.
+
+Her first work under this new impulse was for peace. The Franco-Prussian
+War of 1870 made a deep and painful impression upon her. She had felt a
+bitter dislike for Louis Napoleon ever since the day when he "stabbed
+France in her sleep" by the _Coup d'Etat_ of December, 1851; but she
+loved France and the French people; the overwhelming defeat, the bitter
+humiliation suffered by them filled her with sorrow and indignation. In
+a lecture on Paris she says: "The great Exposition of 1867 had drawn
+together an immense crowd from all parts of the world. Among its
+marvels, my recollection dwells most upon the gallery of French
+paintings, in which I stood more than once before a full-length portrait
+of the then Emperor.[70] I looked into the face which seemed to say: 'I
+have succeeded. What has any one to say about it?' And I pondered the
+slow movements of that heavenly Justice whose infallible decrees are not
+to be evaded."
+
+  [70] Napoleon III.
+
+Her "Reminiscences" say: "As I was revolving these matters in my mind,
+while the war was still in progress, I was visited by a sudden feeling
+of the cruel and unnecessary character of the contest. It seemed to me a
+return to barbarism, the issue having been one which might easily have
+been settled without bloodshed. The question forced itself upon me, 'Why
+do not the mothers of mankind interfere in these matters, to prevent the
+waste of that human life of which they alone bear and know the cost?' I
+had never thought of this before. The august dignity of motherhood and
+its terrible responsibilities now appeared to me in a new aspect, and I
+could think of no better way of expressing my sense of these than that
+of sending forth an appeal to womanhood throughout the world, which I
+then and there composed."
+
+This appeal is dated Boston, September, 1870.
+
+
+APPEAL TO WOMANHOOD THROUGHOUT THE WORLD
+
+     Again, in the sight of the Christian world, have the skill and
+     power of two great nations exhausted themselves in mutual murder.
+     Again have the sacred questions of international justice been
+     committed to the fatal mediation of military weapons. In this day
+     of progress, in this century of light, the ambition of rulers has
+     been allowed to barter the dear interests of domestic life for the
+     bloody exchanges of the battle-field. Thus men have done. Thus men
+     will do. But women need no longer be made a party to proceedings
+     which fill the globe with grief and horror. Despite the assumptions
+     of physical force, the mother has a sacred and commanding word to
+     say to the sons who owe their life to her suffering. That word
+     should now be heard, and answered to as never before.
+
+     Arise, then, Christian women of this day! Arise, all women who have
+     hearts, whether your baptism be that of water or of tears! Say
+     firmly: "We will not have great questions decided by irrelevant
+     agencies. Our husbands shall not come to us, reeking with carnage,
+     for caresses and applause. Our sons shall not be taken from us to
+     unlearn all that we have been able to teach them of charity, mercy
+     and patience. We, women of one country, will be too tender of those
+     of another country, to allow our sons to be trained to injure
+     theirs." From the bosom of the devastated earth a voice goes up
+     with our own. It says: "Disarm, disarm! The sword of murder is not
+     the balance of justice." Blood does not wipe out dishonor, nor
+     violence indicate possession. As men have often forsaken the plough
+     and the anvil at the summons of war, let women now leave all that
+     may be left of home for a great and earnest day of counsel.
+
+     Let them meet first, as women, to bewail and commemorate the dead.
+     Let them then solemnly take counsel with each other as to the means
+     whereby the great human family can live in peace, man as the
+     brother of man, each bearing after his own kind the sacred
+     impress, not of Caesar, but of God.
+
+     In the name of womanhood and of humanity, I earnestly ask that a
+     general congress of women, without limit of nationality, may be
+     appointed and held at some place deemed most convenient, and at the
+     earliest period consistent with its objects, to promote the
+     alliance of the different nationalities, the amicable settlement of
+     international questions, the great and general interests of peace.
+
+The appeal was translated into French, Spanish, Italian, German, and
+Swedish, and sent broadcast far and wide.
+
+In October our mother wrote to Aaron Powell, president of the American
+Peace Society: "The issue is one which will unite virtually the whole
+sex. God gave us, I think, the word to say, but it ought to be followed
+by immediate and organizing action.... Now, you, my dear sir, are bound,
+as a Friend and as an Advocate of Peace, to take especial interest in
+this matter, so I call upon you a little confidently, hoping that you
+will help my unbusinesslike and unskilful hands to go on with this good
+work. I wish to avoid occasioning any confusion in the different
+meetings and organizations of the Woman Suffrage Movement. But I should
+wish to move for various meetings in which the matter of my appeal, the
+direct intervention of Woman in the Pacification of the World, should be
+discussed, and the final move of a general Congress promoted. Please
+take hold a little now and help me. I have wings but no feet nor
+hands--rather, only a voice, '_vox et praeterea nihil_.'"
+
+The next step was to call together those persons supposedly interested
+in such a movement. In December, 1870, it was announced that a meeting
+"for the purpose of considering and arranging the steps necessary to be
+taken for calling a World's Congress of Women in behalf of International
+Peace" would be held in Union League Hall, Madison Avenue and
+Twenty-sixth Street, New York, on Friday, December 23. The announcement,
+which sets forth the need for and objects of such a congress, is signed
+by Julia Ward Howe, William Cullen Bryant, and Mary F. Davis.
+
+The meeting was an important one: there were addresses by Lucretia Mott,
+Octavius Frothingham, and Alfred Love, the Peace prophet of
+Philadelphia; letters from John Stuart Mill, Harriet Beecher Stowe, and
+William Howard Furness, who adjures peace-lovers to "labor for the
+establishment of a Supreme Court to which all differences between
+nations shall be referred for settlement."
+
+Mrs. Howe made the opening address, from which we quote these words:--
+
+"So I repeat my call and cry to women. Let it pierce through dirt and
+rags--let it pierce through velvet and cashmere. It is the call of
+humanity. It says: 'Help others, and you help yourselves.'"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Let the woman seize and bear about the prophetic word of the hour, and
+that word becomes flesh, and dwells among men. This rapturous task of
+hope, this perpetual evangel of good news, is the woman's special
+business, if she only knew it.
+
+"Patience and passivity are sometimes in place for women--not always. I
+think of this when I go to women, intelligent and charming, who warn me
+off with white hands, unaccustomed to any graver labor than that of
+gesticulation. 'Don't ask me to work,' they say; 'I cannot do it. God
+always raises up a set of people to do these things, like the
+Anti-Slavery people, and they set to work to do them.' And then I want
+to say to these friends: 'God can raise you up too, and I hope He will.'
+
+"As for what one can or cannot do, remember that, active or passive, we
+must work to live. If we have not real labor, we must have simulated
+exercise. If we have not real objects, we must have fanciful caprices,
+little less exertion than keeps us in the padded chair would take us out
+of it, and send us to try whether nature has made any special exemption
+in our cases, and whether the paralysis of our life need be traced
+further outward than our self-centred heart....
+
+"Would that I were still young, as are many of you; would at least that
+I had followed the angel of my youth as gravely and steadfastly as he
+invited me; but the world taught, applauded in another direction, and I
+was at fault. But from this assembly a will might go forth, an earnest
+will, quick with love, and heavy with meaning. And this will might say
+to our sisters all over the world, 'Trifle no more.' If women did not
+waste life in frivolity, men would not waste it in murder. For the
+tenderness of the one class is set by God to restrain the violence of
+the other."
+
+The New York meeting was followed by one in Boston. In the spring of
+1871 the friends of peace met in the rooms of the New England Woman's
+Club, and formed an American Branch of the Women's International Peace
+Association: Julia Ward Howe, president. It took five meetings to
+accomplish this; the minutes of these meetings are curious and
+interesting.
+
+Mr. Moncure D. Conway wrote objecting strongly to the movement being
+announced as Christian: his objections were courteously considered.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Mrs. Howe gave her reasons for making her Appeal in the name of
+Christianity. She found the doctrine of peace and forgiveness of
+injuries the most fundamental of the Christian doctrines. She thought it
+proper to say so, but did not by this prevent the believers in other
+religions from asserting the same doctrine, if considered as existing in
+those religions."
+
+Mr. Conway's objection was overruled.
+
+The object of the association was "to promote peace, by the study and
+culture of its conditions." A "notice" appended to the constitution
+announced, "This Association proposes to hold a World's Congress of
+Women, in London, in the summer of 1872, in which undertaking the
+cooperation of all persons is earnestly invited."
+
+Before continuing the story of this peace crusade, we return to the
+Journal. The volume for 1871 is fragmentary, the entries mostly brief
+and far apart. Written and blank pages are alike significant of the
+movement going on in her mind, the steadily growing desire and resolve
+to dedicate her life, as her husband had dedicated his, to the highest
+needs of humanity.
+
+"_January 20._ Have been ill all these days. Had a divine glimpse this
+day, between daylight and dusk, of something like this--a beautiful
+person splendidly dressed entering a theatre as I have often done with
+entire delight and forgetfulness of everything else, and the restraining
+hand of Christ holding me back in the outer darkness--the want and woe
+of the world, and saying, 'The true drama of life is _here_.' Oh! that
+restraining hand had in it the true touch, communicating knowledge of
+human sorrow and zeal for human service. Never may I escape it to my
+grave!"[2]
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"I confess that I value more those processes of thought which explain
+history than those which arraign it. I would not therefore in my
+advocacy of peace strip one laurel leaf from the graves so dear and
+tender in our recollection. Our brave men did and dared the best which
+the time allowed. The sorrow for their loss was none the less brought
+upon us by those who believed in the military method. It is not in
+injustice to them that I listen while the Angel of Charity says:
+'Behold, I show you a more excellent way.' Again, 'Come now, let us
+reason together, saith the Lord. Though your sins be as scarlet, they
+shall be as wool.' This treating of injuries from the high ground of
+magnanimity is the action that shall save the world."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"The special faults of women are those incidental to a class that has
+never been allowed to work out its ideal."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Must work to earn some money, but will not sacrifice greater ends to
+this one."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Hear that the Greek mission is given to an editor in Troy, New York.
+Sad for Greece and for Chev, who longs so to help her."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Civil liberty is that which the one cannot have without the many, or
+the many without the one. The liberty of the State, like its solvency,
+concerns and affects all its citizens. Equal sacredness of rights is its
+political side, equal stringency of duties its moral side. The virtue of
+single individuals will not give them civil liberty in a despotic state,
+but the only safeguard of civil liberty to all is the virtue of each
+individual."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"You men by your vice and selfishness have created for women a hideous
+profession, whose ranks you recruit from the unprotected, the innocent,
+the ignorant. This is the only profession, so far as I know, that man
+has created for women.
+
+"We will create professions for ourselves if you will allow us
+opportunity and deal as fairly with the female infant as with the male.
+Where, even in this respect, do we find your gratitude? We instruct your
+early years. You keep instruction from our later ones.
+
+"French popular authors have satirized American women freely. Let them
+remember that French literature has done much to corrupt American women.
+Unhappy Paris has corrupted the world. She is now swept from the face of
+the earth."
+
+France was constantly in her thoughts.
+
+"The _morale_ of the _Commune_, that which has commended it to good
+people, has undoubtedly been a supposed resistance to the return of
+absolutism, which the Versailles Government was supposed covertly to
+represent.... No matter what advantage of reason the _Commune_ may have
+had over the Versailles Government, the _Commune_ committed a civil
+crime in attempting military enforcement of its political opinions. Such
+was the crime which our South committed and which we resisted as one
+defends one's own life. No overt military act of ours gave them the
+advantage of a _casus belli_. They differed from us and determined to
+coerce us forcibly. In that weltering mass of ruin and corruption which
+was Paris, what lessons lie of the utter folly and futility of mutual
+murder! What hearts of brothers estranged which time would have
+harmonized! What hecatombs of weltering corpses poisoning the earth
+which industry should make wholesome! What women demonized by passion,
+forgetting all their woman's lore and skill, the appointed givers of
+life speeding death and reaping the bitter fruit themselves! With this
+terrible picture before us, let no civilized nation from henceforth and
+forever admit or recognize the instrumentality of war as worthy of
+Christian society. Let the fact of human brotherhood be taught to the
+babe in his cradle, let it be taught to the despot on his throne. Let it
+be the basis and foundation of education and legislation, the bond of
+high and low, of rich and poor...."
+
+"_May 27._ I am fifty-two years old this day and must regard this year
+as in some sense the best of my life. The great joy of the Peace Idea
+has unfolded itself to me.... I have got at better methods of working
+in the practical matters at which I do work, and believe more than ever
+in patience, labor, and sticking to one's own idea of work. Study,
+book-work, and solitary thinking and writing show us only one side of
+what we study. Practical life and intercourse with others supply the
+other side. If I may sit at work on this day next year, I hope that my
+peace matter will have assumed a practical and useful form, and that I
+may have worked out my conception worthily.... I pray that neither Louis
+Napoleon nor the Bourbons may return to feed upon France, but that
+merciful measures, surely of God's appointing, may heal her deadly
+wounds and uplift her prostrate heart. She must learn that the doctrine
+of self is irreligious. The _Commune_ surely knew this just as little as
+did Louis Napoleon. I want to keep eyesight enough to read Greek and
+German, and my teeth for clear speaking and good digestion."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Paul says: 'Ye that are strong ought to bear the infirmities of the
+weak,' but now we that are weak bear the infirmities of the strong."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Peace meeting at the Club. Read in Greek first part of the eighth
+chapter of Matthew; the account given of the centurion seems very
+striking in the Greek. The contrast of his Western mind with the Eastern
+subtleties of Jew and Greek seems to have struck Christ. He supposed
+Christ's power over unseen things to be like his own control over things
+committed to his authority. Then Christ began, perhaps, to see that the
+other nations of the world would profit by his work and doctrine before
+his Jewish brethren."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"My first presidency at the New England Woman's Club.... I do not shine
+in presiding over a business meeting and some others can do much better
+than I. Still I think it best to fulfil all expected functions of
+ordinary occasions, living and learning."
+
+"... Negro Christianity. It is something of a very definite and touching
+character--all forgiving, all believing, making a decided religious
+impression of its own--the heart so ripe, the intellectual part so
+little made out, like a fruit which might be all pulp and no fibre."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"On Sunday we bring back the worn and dim currency of our active life to
+be redeemed by the pure gold of the Supreme Wisdom. I bring to church my
+coppers and small pieces and take away a shining gold piece. Self is the
+talent buried in the napkin no matter with how much of culture and
+natural capacity. Till we get out of self we are in the napkin.
+Hospitable entertainment of other people's opinions, brotherly
+promotions of their interests--these acts make our five talents ten in
+use to others and in enjoyment and profit to ourselves...."
+
+"Christ's teaching about marriage. Its tender and sacred reciprocity.
+Adultery among the Jews was only recognized as crime when committed by a
+woman. The right of concubinage was too extensive to bring condemnation
+for unchastity. The man might not steal another man's wife, but any
+woman's husband might have intercourse with other women. Christ showed
+how men did offend against this same law which worked so absolutely and
+partially against women. An unchaste thought in the breast of the man
+infringed the high law of purity. This teaching of the tender mutual
+obligations of married life was probably new to many of his hearers.
+
+"The present style of woman has really been fashioned by man, and is
+only _quasi_ feminine.
+
+"Peace meeting at Mystic, Connecticut. Spoke morning and afternoon, best
+in the morning. The natural unfolding of reform. 'His purposes will
+ripen fast'--Watts's verse. Providence does not plant so as to gather
+all its crops in one day. First the flowers, then the fruits, then the
+golden grain.
+
+"John Fiske's lecture, first in the course on the theory of
+Evolution.... Did not think the lecture a very profitable one, yet we
+must be willing that our opposites should think and speak out their
+belief."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In the spring of 1872 she went to England, hoping to hold a Woman's
+Peace Congress in London. She also hoped to found and foster "a Woman's
+Apostolate of Peace." These hopes were not then to be fulfilled: yet she
+always felt that this visit, with all its labors and its
+disappointments, was well worth while, and that much solid good came of
+it, to herself and to others.
+
+We have seen her in London as a bride, enjoying to the full its gayeties
+and hospitality, as bright a vision as any that met her eyes, with a
+companion to whom all doors opened eagerly. This was the picture of
+1843; that of 1872 is different, indeed.
+
+A woman of middle age, quiet in dress and manner, with a serene and
+constant dignity; a face in which the lines of thought and study were
+deepening year by year; eyes now flashing with mirth, now tender with
+sympathy, always bright with the "high resolve and hardihood" for which,
+but a few years before, she had been sighing: this was the woman who
+came to London in 1872, alone and unaided; who, standing before the Dark
+Tower of established Order and Precedent, might say with Childe
+Roland,--
+
+  "Dauntless the slug horn to my lips I set,
+  And blew."
+
+She spoke at the banquet of the Unitarian Association. "The occasion was
+to me a memorable one." She hired the Freemasons' Tavern and preached
+there on five or six successive Sundays.
+
+"My procedure was very simple,--a prayer, the reading of a hymn, and a
+discourse from a Scripture text.... The attendance was very good
+throughout, and I cherished the hope that I had sown some seed which
+would bear fruit hereafter."
+
+She was asked to address meetings in various parts of England, speaking
+in Birmingham, Manchester, Leeds, Bristol, Carlisle, with good
+acceptance. In Cambridge she talked with Professor J. R. Seeley, whom
+she found most sympathetic. She was everywhere welcomed by thoughtful
+people, old friends and new, whether or no they sympathized with her
+quest.
+
+"_June 9._ My first preaching in London. Worked pretty much all day at
+sermon, intending, not to read, but to talk it--for me, a difficult
+procedure. At 4.30 P.M. left off, but brain so tired that nothing in it.
+Subject, the kingdom of heaven.... Got a bad cup of tea--dressed (in my
+well-worn black silk) and went to the Drawing-Room at Freemasons'
+Tavern. God knows how I felt. 'Cast down but not forsaken.'... I got
+through better than I feared I might. Felt the method to be the right
+one, speaking face to face and heart to heart."
+
+"_June 10._ Small beer going out of fashion leaves women one occupation
+the less. Fools are still an institution; and will remain such."[71]
+
+  [71] "To suckle fools and chronicle small beer." _Othello._
+
+"_June 16_.... A good attendance in spite of the heat.... Agonized over
+my failure to come up to what I had designed to do in the discourse."
+
+"_June 18_.... Saw the last of my dear friend E. Twisleton, who took me
+to the National Gallery, where we saw many precious gems of art.... At
+parting, he said: 'The good Father above does not often give so great a
+pleasure as I have had in these meetings with you.' Let me enshrine this
+charming and sincere word in my most precious recollection, from the man
+of sixty-three to the woman of fifty-three."
+
+"_June 27._ Left Leeds at 7 A.M., rising at 4.30.... To Miss [Frances
+Power] Cobbe's, where met Lady Lyall, Miss Clough, Mrs. Gorton, Jacob
+Bright, _et al._ Then to dinner with the dear Seeleys. An unceremonious
+and delightful meal. Heart of calf. Then to John Ridley's.... Home
+late, almost dead--to bed, having been on foot twenty hours."
+
+"_July 4_.... Saw a sight of misery, a little crumb of a boy, barefoot,
+tugging after a hand-organ man, also very shabby. Gave the little one a
+ha'penny, all the copper I had. But in the heartache he gave me, I
+resolved, God helping me, that my luxury shall henceforth be to minister
+to human misery, and to redeem much time and money spent on my own
+fancies, as I may...."
+
+She had been asked to attend two important meetings as American
+delegate: a peace congress in Paris, and a great prison reform meeting
+in London.
+
+The French meeting came first. She crossed the Channel, reaching Paris
+in time to attend the principal _seance_ of the congress. She presented
+her credentials, asked leave to speak, and was told "with some
+embarrassment" that she might speak to the officers of the society, when
+the public meeting should be adjourned! She makes no comment on this
+proceeding, but says, "I accordingly met a dozen or more of these
+gentlemen in a side room, where I simply spoke of my endeavors to enlist
+the sympathies and efforts of women in behalf of the world's peace."
+
+Returning to London, she had "the privilege of attending as a delegate
+one of the great Prison Reform meetings of our day."
+
+In 1843, Julia the bride would not have considered it a privilege to
+attend a meeting for prison reform. She would have shrugged her
+shoulders, would perhaps have pouted because the Chevalier cared more
+for these things than for the opera, with Grisi, Mario, and Lablache:
+she might even have written some funny verses about the windmill-tilting
+of her Don Quixote. Now, she stood in the place that failing health
+forbade him to fill, with a depth of interest, an earnestness of
+purpose, equal to his own. She, too, now heard the sorrowful sighing of
+the prisoners.
+
+At one of the meetings of this congress, a jailer of the old school
+spoke in defence of the system of flogging refractory prisoners, and
+described in brutal fashion a brutal incident. Her blood was on fire:
+she asked leave to speak.
+
+"It is related," she said, "of the famous Beau Brummel that a gentleman
+who called upon him one morning met a valet carrying away a tray of
+neck-cloths, more or less disordered. 'What are these?' asked the
+visitor; and the servant replied, 'These are our failures!' When I see
+the dark coach which in our country carries the criminal to his place of
+detention, I say, 'Society, here are your failures.'"
+
+Her words were loudly applauded, and the punishment was voted down.
+
+The Journal gives her further speech on this occasion: "Spoke of justice
+to women. They had talked of fallen women. I prayed them to leave that
+hopeless phrase. Every fallen woman represents a man as guilty as
+herself, who escapes human detection, but whose soul lies open before
+God. Speak of vicious, dissolute women, but don't speak of fallen women
+unless you recognize the fall of man, the old doctrine."
+
+Two days before this she had preached her last sermon in London. The
+Journal says: "All Sunday at work upon my sermon, the last in London.
+'Neither height nor depth, nor any other creature.' The sermon of high
+and low, and the great unity beyond all dimensions. A good and to me a
+most happy delivery of opinions and faith which I deeply hold.... So
+ended my happy ministration in London, begun in fear and anxiety, ended
+in certainty and renewed faith, which God continue to me."
+
+August found her back at Oak Glen, exhausted in body and mind. She is
+almost too tired to write in the Journal, and such entries as there are
+only accentuate her fatigue.
+
+"I am here at my table with books and papers, but feel very languid. My
+arms feel as if there were no marrow in their bones. I suppose this is
+reaction after so much work, but unless I can get up strength somehow I
+shall not accomplish anything. Weakness in all my limbs. Have had my
+Greek lesson and begun to read the Maccabees and the Apocrypha. I shall
+probably come up after a few days, but feel at present utterly incapable
+of exertion. I must help Maud--have helped her with music to-day...."
+
+"Walked about with dear Chev, whose talk is always instructive. Every
+break in our long-continued habits shows us something to amend in our
+past lives. What do I see in mine after this long break? That I must
+endeavor to have more real life and more religion. The passive and
+contemplative following of thought, my own or other people's, must not
+de-energize my sympathies and my will. I must daily consult the divine
+will and standard which can help us to mould our lives aright without
+running from one extreme to another. My heart's wish would now be to
+devote myself to some sort of religious ministration. God can open a way
+for this in which the spirit of my desire may receive the form of his
+will. I must lecture this winter to earn some money and spread, I hope,
+some good doctrine...."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Such was the beginning of her work for peace, which was to end only with
+her life. Disappointed in her hope of a world congress, she turned the
+current of her effort in a new direction. She would have a festival, a
+day which should be called Mothers' Day, and be devoted to the advocacy
+of peace doctrines. She chose the second day of June; for many years she
+and her friends and followers kept this day religiously, with sweet and
+tender observances which were unspeakably dear to her.
+
+In 1876 there was a great peace meeting in Philadelphia. The occasion is
+thus described by the Reverend Ada C. Bowles: "There were delegates from
+France, Italy, and Germany, each with a burning desire to be heard, and
+all worth hearing, but none able to speak English. The audience looked
+to the anxious face of the President with sympathy; then a voice was
+heard, 'Call for Mrs. Howe.' Those present will never forget how her
+presence changed the meeting from a threatened failure to a noble
+success. The German, Frenchman, and Italian stood in turn by her side.
+At the proper moment she lifted a finger, and then gave in her perfect
+English each speech in full to the delight of the delegates and the
+admiration of all."
+
+The last celebration of her Mothers' Day was held in Riverton, New
+Jersey, on June 1, 1912, by the Pennsylvania Peace Society, in
+conjunction with the Universal Peace Union. On the printed invitation to
+this festival we read
+
+  "Aid it, paper, aid it, pen,
+  Aid it, hearts of earnest men.
+
+                  "Julia Ward Howe, 1874."
+
+And further on, "Thirty-nine years ago Julia Ward Howe instituted this
+festival for peace,--a time for the women and children to come together;
+to meet in the country, invite the public, and recite, speak, sing and
+pray for 'those things that make for peace.'"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XV
+
+SANTO DOMINGO
+
+1872-1874; _aet._ 53-56
+
+A PARABLE
+
+  "I sent a child of mine to-day;
+    I hope you used him well."
+  "Now, Lord, no visitor of yours
+    Has waited at my bell.
+
+  "The children of the Millionnaire
+    Run up and down our street;
+  I glory in their well-combed hair,
+    Their dress and trim complete.
+
+  "But yours would in a chariot come
+    With thoroughbreds so gay;
+  And little merry maids and men
+    To cheer him on his way."
+
+  "Stood, then, no child before your door?"
+    The Lord, persistent, said.
+  "Only a ragged beggar-boy,
+    With rough and frowzy head.
+
+  "The dirt was crusted on his skin,
+    His muddy feet were bare;
+  The cook gave victuals from within;
+    I cursed his coming there."
+
+  What sorrow, silvered with a smile,
+    Slides o'er the face divine?
+  What tenderest whisper thrills rebuke?
+    "The beggar-boy was mine!"
+
+                                    J. W. H.
+
+We must go back a little to tell another story.
+
+In the winter of 1870-71 the Republic of Santo Domingo sent through its
+president an urgent request for annexation to the United States.
+President Grant appointed a commission to visit this island republic,
+to inquire into its conditions and report upon the question. Of this
+commission Dr. Howe was one, the others being Messrs. Benjamin Wade and
+Andrew D. White.
+
+The commissioners sailed on the government steamer Tennessee. At parting
+the Doctor said, "Remember that you cannot hear from us under a month;
+so do not be frightened at our long silence."
+
+A week later came reports of a severe storm in the Southern seas. A
+large steamer had been seen struggling with wind and wave, apparently at
+their mercy. Some newspaper thought it might be the Tennessee. All the
+newspapers took up the cry: it probably _was_ the Tennessee; most likely
+she had foundered and gone down with all on board.
+
+Mindful of the Doctor's warning, our mother tried to disregard these
+voices of terror. She went quietly about her work as usual, but none the
+less the days of suspense that followed were "dark indeed and hard to
+live through."[72]
+
+  [72] _Reminiscences_, p. 346.
+
+We remember these days well, the resolute cheerfulness, the avoidance of
+outward sign of anxiety, the sudden lifting of the cloud when the good
+news came of the steamer's safe arrival.
+
+The prayer of Santo Domingo was not to be answered, spite of the
+favorable report of the commission: but the Doctor had been so delighted
+with the island that when, a year later, he was asked to visit it in the
+interests of the Samana Bay Company, he gladly accepted the commission.
+
+This time our mother went with him, together with Maud and a party of
+friends. She had been loth to go, for she had already planned her peace
+crusade in England, but finding how much he desired it, she compromised
+on part of the time.
+
+They sailed from New York early in February, 1872, in the steamer Tybee.
+The voyage was rough and stormy. The companion daughter of the time
+remembers how the wretched little Tybee pitched and heaved; even more
+vividly she recalls the way in which our mother from the first made
+society out of the strangely assorted company on board. She was the
+magnet, and drew them all to her: the group of conventional ladies who
+had never before been at sea, the knot of naval officers going to join
+their ship,--among them George W. De Long, the hero of the ill-fated
+Jeannette expedition; a colonel, and a judge, the former interested in
+the Samana Bay Company. She made out of this odd company and the gruff
+old captain a sort of court which she ruled in a curious way. She did
+not seem to compel their admiration so much as to compel each to give
+his best.
+
+The Tybee cast anchor in the harbor of Puerto Plata, and the voyagers
+saw Mont Isabel towering above them, its foot in the clear beryl water
+where the palms grew down to the very edge of the yellow sea sand, its
+head wrapped in the clouds. The Doctor came to the stateroom, crying,
+"Come up and see the great glory!"
+
+Our mother's delight can be imagined when they sailed into the harbor of
+Santo Domingo and landed near an immense and immemorial tree, where,
+they were told, Columbus had landed.
+
+The party lodged in a fine old Spanish _palacio_, built round a
+courtyard. It had been originally a convent. The nuns were gone, and
+their place was now taken by the gay company of American ladies, who
+possibly gave the sleepy little city more new ideas than it had ever
+received in so short a space of time. President Baez put the palace at
+the Doctor's disposal; he was an important person to the President and
+to the Dominicans, for at that time the hope of annexation had not died
+out. All the party were treated with extraordinary courtesy. Not only
+were they given the presidential palace to live in, but a guard of honor
+was kept in the courtyard. Their horses were lodged, Spanish fashion, on
+the ground floor. The trampling, the neighing, and the fleas made them
+rather uncomfortable neighbors. Our mother soon found out that the only
+way she could see the country, or enjoy its life, was by riding. At
+first she was a little nervous, but she soon regained her courage and
+her seat. This was her first riding since the days of Cora, the wicked
+little mare, when she read her Bible and said her prayers before every
+ride. She thus describes it:--
+
+"In Santo Domingo, nothing is more charming than the afternoon ride. It
+is, of course, the great event of the neighborhood. Our cavalcade
+usually numbers four or five ladies. Sometimes we cross the river in a
+flat-bottomed boat, which is pulled over by a rope stretched and made
+fast at either end. We then visit the little village of Pajarita, and
+trot along under the shade of heavy mango trees. Or we explore the
+country on this side the river. The great thing to guard against is the
+danger of rain. This we encountered one afternoon in some severity.
+Suddenly one of the party cried '_Llava!_' and down came the waters. We
+were somewhat heated with our ride, and the penetrating rain fell chill
+upon us. A large tree gave us shelter for a few moments, but we were
+soon forced to seek more effectual protection. This we found, after some
+delay, in a _boio_, or hut, into which horses and riders were dragged
+pell-mell. The night was closing in, the Chief at home, and presumably
+anxious, the rain unabating. Which of the tropical spasms would end our
+far-spent life? Would it be lockjaw, a common result of severe chill in
+these regions? Would it be a burning, delirious fever with a touch of
+yellow; or should we get off with croup and diphtheria?
+
+"The rain presently stopped, and we returned to the saddle, and then, by
+easy stages, to the city. On reaching home, we were advised to bathe the
+chilled surfaces with rum, not the wicked New England article, but the
+milder product of the country. Of all the evil consequences spoken of as
+sure to follow such an exposure, fever, lockjaw, and sore throat, we
+have so far not seen the earliest symptom."
+
+It was Carnival. All the cabinet officers and their wives devoted
+themselves to the entertainment of the party. The Minister of War, Senor
+Curiel, a little twinkling fiery man, devoted himself especially to our
+mother, and was her right hand in the many expeditions she arranged. The
+Secretary of State, Senor Gautier, a grave person with more culture
+than most of the Dominicans, was the Doctor's chosen friend. To return
+the many attentions showered upon them, a ball in the old convent was
+arranged. The Doctor once said to her, "If you were on a desert island
+with nobody there but one old darkey, you would give a party." (But it
+was from Cuba that he wrote, "Julia knows three words of Spanish, and is
+constantly engaged in active conversation.")
+
+To find herself at Carnival, the leader of a gay party, living in a
+spacious palace, supported by the guns and the officers of an American
+warship (the Narragansett, with De Long and other officers on board),
+was an opportunity not to be missed. She thus describes the
+entertainment:--
+
+"_Hans Breitmann gife a barty._
+
+"So did we. To see Santo Domingo was little, without seeing the
+Dominicans also. Some diplomatic overtures were made. Would the first
+families come and pass an evening with us at the _Palacio_? Yes, they
+would. Which _were_ the first families? That would have been for us a
+point very difficult to determine. The family of the President and those
+of the heads of departments would certainly stand in that prominence.
+For the necessary beaux we were referred to a society recently
+established here, calling itself '_La Juventad_,' 'the young people.'
+This body of philanthropists, being appealed to, consented to undertake
+the management of our party. The occasion was announced as a
+_bailecita_, 'little ball.' We asked them to provide such refreshments
+as are customary in this place. Thirty dollars' worth of sweet cake and
+a bottled ocean of weak beer formed the principal items of the bill, as
+brought to us. The friends came at 5 P.M., to decorate the room with
+flowers, also to arrange two tables, on one of which _las dulces_ were
+arrayed, while the other was made to display a suspicious-looking group
+of glasses. A band, we were told, would be indispensable. We demurred at
+this, having intended to musicate upon our own grand piano. Hearing,
+however, that the band could be had for the sum of twelve dollars, we
+gave in on this point.
+
+"One long room runs the whole length of one side of the palace, and
+serves us at once for dining and reception room. A long corridor
+encounters this room at right angles, entirely open to the weather, on
+one side. These two spaces constitute all our resources for receiving
+company. We lit them with Downer's best [kerosene] and ranged rows of
+rocking-chairs, opposite to each other, after the manner of this
+country, and also of Cuba.
+
+"The company began to arrive at 8 P.M. The young ladies were mostly
+attired in colored tarlatans, prettily trimmed with lace and flowers.
+Some of them were not over fourteen years of age. All were quite
+youthful in their appearance, and unaffected in their manners. The young
+men, mostly employed in the various shops of the city, were well-dressed
+and polite. The band was somewhat barbaric in its aspect. A violin, a
+'cello, a tambourine, and a clarinet. The clarinet-player was of
+uncommon size, with wild, dark eyes, which seemed to dilate as he
+played....
+
+"The dancing continued with little interruption until nearly 2 A.M. We
+were told that it is often continued till daylight. From time to time an
+attack was made upon the two tables. But the enjoyment of the good
+things provided was quite moderate compared with the cramming of a
+first-class party in Boston or New York. The guests were of many shades,
+as to color, although the greater number would have passed for white
+people, anywhere. Some of the handsomest among them were very dark. One
+young man reminded us of Edwin Booth in "Othello."... None of these
+people look like the mulattoes in the North. The features and the fibre
+appear finer, and the jet-black hair often suggests an admixture of
+Indian blood. The difference of social position shows itself in the
+manners of these people. The cruel colorphobia has never proscribed
+them. They have no artificial sense of inferiority, but take themselves
+as God made them, and think that if He is content with their
+complexions, mankind at large may be so.
+
+"We were much pleased with our party, and with the simple and unaffected
+gayety of our guests. It was really a party in the open air, one whole
+side of our ballroom being unenclosed, save by the infrequent colonnade.
+We looked from the dancers to the stars, and back again to the dancers.
+It was all fairylike and dreamlike. The favorite '_dansa_' much
+resembles, not a ballet, but a stage dance, such as is introduced in the
+course of the drama. The beer flowed, and the couples flew. One
+innovation we introduced, a Virginia reel, which the clever
+clarinet-player caught and accompanied. The figures much amazed the
+natives. The _denouement_ of Mr. Leland's classic ballad was wanting. No
+
+  "'Gompany fited mit daple lecks
+  Till de coonshtable made em shtop';
+
+yet we may quote further from that high source:--
+
+  "'Hans Breitmann gife a barty,
+  Where ish that barty now?
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+  All goned afay mit der lager pier,
+  Afay in der Ewigkeit!'"
+
+The Journal gives pleasant glimpses of the Santo Domingo days.
+
+"M. Marne, a Frenchman ninety-seven years old, paid us a visit. Had been
+secretary of Joseph Buonaparte in Madrid--praised him much. Talked very
+copiously and not ill. Enjoys full mental and physical activity. Lives
+at a small village in sight of our windows, but on the other side of the
+river. Talked much of the Roi Cristophe."
+
+The mention of this old gentleman recalls her visit to a Dominican
+_padre_, himself in extreme age, who told her that he had known a
+negress who lived to the age of one hundred and forty-three; he had
+confessed and buried her. "She had her teeth and her hair still."
+
+"Not to market to-day, but breakfast early--then all hands to the
+cathedral to see the high mass performed--to-day in honor of the
+independence of the island....
+
+"Baez' face, cunning, pretty strong, _enjoue_, as if he must be, or
+seem, a _bon enfant_.... The noise at the elevation of the Host a
+perfect Babel. Music, 'Ernani,' 'Fra Diavolo,' with some similar things.
+A single trumpet shrieked at some high moments. The bells rang like a
+thousand tin pans. Orchestra and chorus not together and both out of
+tune. The ceremony otherwise perhaps as well as usual. A priest made a
+brief address in Spanish, praising the day and complimenting the
+President...."
+
+"Studied Baur, Aristophanes, and '_Etudes sur la Bible_.' Music lesson
+to Maud. O'Sullivan to dine.... Baez sent word that he would visit us
+between 5 and 6 P.M. We accordingly put things in the best order
+possible under the circumstances. _Ung puo de tualetta_ for the ladies
+seemed proper. At dinner received Baez' card with a great dish of fine
+sapotes. Baez arrived. He speaks French quite tolerably, is affable, and
+has an intelligent face; in fact looks like a person of marked talent.
+We talked of things in the United States. He has made fourteen voyages
+to Europe.... I sang '_Una Barchetta_' for him. He came with one
+servant, who stayed outside--no ceremony and no escort...."
+
+After the beauty of the place--indeed possibly before it--she valued the
+opportunity that came to her of preaching. On the voyage to Santo
+Domingo she had learned of a shepherdless flock of colored Protestants,
+their minister dead, their "elder" disabled by lameness. Here was an
+opportunity not to be lost. She engaged to hold Sunday evening services
+in their church, a small wooden building with a mud floor and a mahogany
+pulpit. The "Reminiscences" describe these services; the tattered
+hymn-books whose leaves were turned mechanically while the congregation
+(few of whom could read) sang with a will the hymns they knew by heart;
+the humble, devout people with their attentive faces.
+
+When Holy Week came, the congregation begged her to hold special
+services. They wished their young people to understand that these sacred
+days meant as much to them as to the surrounding Catholics. Accordingly
+she and her companion "dressed the little church with flowers. It looked
+charmingly. Flowers all along the railing [here follows in the Journal a
+pen-and-ink sketch], flowers in the pulpit over my head. Church was
+crowded. Many people outside and at the windows."
+
+She always remembered with pleasure one feature of her Easter sermon,
+her attempt to describe Dante's vision of a great cross in the heavens,
+formed of star clusters, each cluster bearing the name of Christ. "The
+thought," she says, "that the mighty poet of the fourteenth century
+should have something to impart to these illiterate negroes was very
+dear to me."
+
+One of the party has an undying impression of this Easter service: the
+shabby little chapel crowded with dark faces, and the preacher, standing
+touched by a ray of sunlight, speaking to that congregation of simple
+black people. In her notes she speaks of these services.
+
+"A pastoral charge bringing me near to the hearts and sympathies of the
+people. I have preached five times in the little church, including Good
+Friday and Easter Monday. This service, which has not been without its
+difficulties, is so much better to me in remembrance than anything else
+I have done here that I must make a little break and pause before I
+speak of other things.
+
+"In this pause I remember my prayer at Puerto Plata, that I and mine
+might come to this new region with a reverent and teachable spirit. That
+prayer was an earnest one to me. I hope it has, as all prayers should,
+accomplished its own fulfilment. I have been here among dear people. I
+find all the human varieties in this society, not digested and
+harmonized by noble culture, but existing and asking for the
+centralizing and discriminating agencies which in civilization sort out
+the different tastes, characters, and capacities, and assign to each its
+task, giving devotion its wings and crime its treadmill. This little
+population in a great country, a country in which Nature allows no one
+to starve, has lived and so shown its right to live and maintain itself.
+It has accomplished its political division from a state antipathetic to
+it, having its dark face turned fixedly towards barbarism [Hayti].
+
+"I stood in a little church in the city and island of Santo Domingo, to
+preach the glad tidings of the gospel of Peace. It was a humble little
+temple, with a mud floor, and plastered walls, and a roof which scarcely
+kept out the rain, but it was a place full of comfort to me and to
+others. The seats and spaces were all filled, for it had no aisles. The
+small windows and doors were cushioned, so to speak, with human
+countenances, wearing an expression of curiosity or attention. The way
+to the church was lined on both sides with the simple people, who held
+their service at night because the poverty of their attire made them
+ashamed to hold it by day. And this crowd came together, Sunday after
+Sunday, because a woman from a distant country stood in that little
+church to tell them what a woman can tell about the kingdom of heaven."
+
+Loth as she had been to go to Santo Domingo, she was far more loth to
+leave it; but the time appointed for her peace crusade in London was at
+hand, and she could tarry no longer. On April 5 she writes:--
+
+"Ah! my time is nearly out. Dear Santo Domingo, how I do love you, with
+your childish life, and your ancestral streets--a grandam and a babe!
+To-day I read my last in Baur and Greek for some time, probably, as must
+pack to-morrow. As at present advised, God grant that we may come here
+again."
+
+"_April 6._ Here to-day and gone to-morrow, literally. Mostly
+packed--have left out my books for a last sweet morsel.... Did not get
+that sweet morsel. Was busy all day--farewell calls from friends, little
+talks, and the fear of sitting down and forgetting my preparations in my
+books. In the evening the Gautiers came and I played for them to dance.
+So, one last little gayety in common."
+
+"_Sunday, April 7._ Got up at 4 A.M. Dressed and got off pretty
+easily.... The parting from Maud was very hard. Oh! when the line was
+drawn in, and my darling and I were fairly sundered, my old heart gave
+way, and I cried bitterly....
+
+"Henry Blackwell is a dear, comforting man, most kind and companionable.
+A woman on board with a wretched baby of six months, he in a muslin
+gown and nothing else, crying with cold. I got out a cotton flannel
+dressing-sack, and wrapped him up in it and tended him a good deal....
+
+"May the purpose for which I undertake this painful and solitary journey
+be ever strong enough in my thoughts to render every step of it pure,
+blameless and worthy. Great God, do not let me desert thee! For that is
+the trouble. Thou dost not desert us. I dread unspeakably these dark
+days of suffering and confusion. To go is like being hanged...."
+
+"Captain said something about my preaching on Sunday, so I have been
+laying out some points for a sermon.... But it is not very likely that
+the Captain will really ask me to hold service.
+
+"Talk with purser about Homer. He has a vivacious mind, and might easily
+learn Greek, or anything else he would have a mind to."
+
+"_Sunday._ It turned out that the Captain and passengers did wish me to
+hold a little service to-day, so at 10.30 A.M. I met them in the
+dining-saloon. I had a Bible, from which I read the 116th Psalm--a
+prayer followed--then the missionary hymn, 'From Greenland's icy
+mountains'--then my little sermon, of which I have the headings. I am so
+very glad to have been able and enabled to do this.
+
+"Began to teach the purser to read from notes with a leaf of music out
+of some periodical. Copied Baur a little--talked and heard much talk."
+
+"_April 17...._ Expect to get in to-morrow, not very late, unless
+another contrary gale. Frigate birds and petrels yesterday--to-day,
+whales, blackfish, and an immense number of porpoises. Revelation cannot
+go beyond human consciousness.
+
+"The Western mind has taken Christ's metaphorical illustrations
+literally, and his literal moral precepts metaphorically."
+
+"_April 18...._ Very thankful to have got through so well so far."
+
+
+As at the beginning of this chapter we took a step backward, so we must
+now take one forward and speak briefly of the second visit to Santo
+Domingo in 1874.
+
+The Doctor's health was failing; he had suffered from the winter's cold,
+and longed for the warm sunshine of the beloved island. Would she go
+with him? he asked. She should preach to her colored folks as much as
+she liked.
+
+They sailed together in the Tybee in March. After a brief visit to the
+capital (where Revolution had been before them, expelling the friendly
+Baez, and putting in his place a man opposed to the Samana Bay Company),
+they took up their quarters at Samana, in a little hillside cottage
+about a mile from the town.
+
+Our mother writes in her Journal:--
+
+"_March 20._ In Santo Domingo as glad as a child.... Went to Garcia's
+and foolishly bargained for the gold necklace and emerald ring I fancied
+the last time I was here. The necklace is for Maud."
+
+The love of jewelry was one of the "little passions" of her whole life.
+Speaking once of this as her "besetting sin," she said: "It is rather
+respectable to have a besetting sin, as it shows one must have had an
+ancestor from whom it was inherited!" She enjoyed a jewel as she did a
+flower or a song: she loved to deck her dear ones and herself with
+trinkets; a jeweller's window was a thing of delight to her, not to be
+passed without the tribute of a pause and a glance at its treasures. Yet
+a purchase of this kind seldom failed to bring its retributive pang the
+day after.
+
+"Was sorry to have made so foolish a use of the money. Resolve never to
+do so again, unless some new light should make it seem right. God will
+not have my mind occupied with such nonsense.... Have written my sermon
+for to-morrow evening."
+
+They spent two months in Samana in almost absolute retirement. The
+Doctor read "Don Quixote" in Spanish, she Aristotle in Greek and Baur in
+German. The former "was early and late in the saddle, and dashed up and
+down the steep hillsides of Samana with all his old fearlessness." The
+latter followed as she might, "in perils and dangers, in terrors often."
+
+"I had never been a bold rider, and I must confess that I suffered
+agonies of fear in following him on these expeditions. If I lagged
+behind, he would cry, 'Come on! it's as bad as going to a funeral to
+ride with you.' And so, I suppose, it was. I remember one day when a
+great palm branch had fallen across our path. I thought that my horse
+would certainly slip on it, sending me to the depths below. That very
+day, while Dr. Howe took his siesta, I went to the place where this
+impediment lay, and with a great effort threw it over the steep
+mountain-side. The whole neighborhood of Samana is very mountainous,
+and I sometimes found it impossible to obey the word of command. One day
+my husband spurred his horse and made a gallant dash at a very steep
+ascent, ordering me to follow him. I tried my best, but only got far
+enough to find myself awkwardly at a standstill, and unable to go either
+backward or forward. The Doctor was obliged to dismount and to lead my
+horse down to the level ground. This, he assured me, was a severe
+mortification for him."[73]
+
+  [73] _Reminiscences_, p. 362.
+
+In spite of the permission given, she spoke only a few times in Samana.
+She tells of an open-air service in which she took part. She arrived
+late, and found a zealous elder holding forth and "reading" from a Bible
+held upside down. At sight of her he said, "And now dat de lady hab
+come, I will obdunk from de place!"
+
+One day she spoke to the pupils of a little school kept by an English
+carpenter, who studied Greek in order to understand the New Testament,
+yet allowed his pupils to use the small _i_ for the personal pronoun.
+The schoolhouse was perched on a hill so steep that she was thankful to
+mount astride on a huge white steer furnished with a straw saddle, and
+be led up by a friendly neighbor.
+
+In these days the ill-fated Samana Bay Company, of which the Doctor and
+many others had had high hopes, came to an end, and the Dominican
+Government insisted that its flag should be officially withdrawn. Our
+mother describes the incident:--
+
+"To town early to be present at the taking down of the Samana Company's
+flag by the commission sent on board the Dominican war schooner. I went
+in the boat and found Chev in the custom-house with the commission
+seated around. A good many of our people present. Chev read his protest,
+which was strong and simple.... We then went out of the building; the
+_employes_ of our Company marched up in their best clothes, their hats
+stuck full of roses, and stood in order on either side the flagstaff.
+The man ordered by the commission lowered the flag. Just before, Chev
+got our people to stand in a circle around him, made a lovely little
+address. The old Crusader never appeared nobler or better than on this
+occasion, when his beautiful chivalry stood in the greatest contrast to
+the barbarism and ingratitude which dictated this act. My mind was full
+of cursing rather than blessing. Yet finding myself presently alone with
+the superseded flag I laid my hand upon it and prayed that if I had
+power to bless anything, my prayers might bless the good effort which
+has been made here."
+
+On April 2 she adds: "The blacks here say that the taking down of our
+flag was like the crucifixion of our Lord. We are assured that they
+would have offered forcible resistance, if we had authorized their so
+doing."
+
+"_May 9._ The last day of our last week in Samana.... God knows when I
+shall have so much restful leisure again. My rides on horseback, too,
+are ended for the present, though I may mount once more to-day or
+to-morrow. All these pleasures have been mixed with pains--my fear on
+horseback ... but far more than all, my anxiety about the dearest ones
+at home. The affairs of the Company, too, have given me many sad
+thoughts, but in spite of all this the time has been a blessed one. I
+have improved in mind and body, if not in estate--have had sweet leisure
+for thought and study, opportunity to preach the gospel (three times),
+and most invigorating air and exercise. Over the door of the little
+parlor here hangs a motto: 'God bless our Home.' I think, indeed, He has
+blessed this little home, though, at first, when I looked at the motto,
+I always thought of my own home."
+
+The next day they saw the "last of beautiful Samana for the present,"
+and ten days later found them in New York. Her final word on this brief
+and lovely episode is given in the Journal for May 24: "My heart sinks
+whenever Chev says he will never go to Samana again. 'There are my young
+barbarians all at play.'"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVI
+
+THE LAST OF GREEN PEACE
+
+1872-1876; _aet._ 53-57
+
+  He who launched thee a bolt of fire
+  Strong in courage and in desire
+  Takes thee again a weapon true
+  In heaven's armory ever new.
+
+  Still shall the masterful fight go on,
+  Still shall the battle of Right be won
+  And He who fixed thee in upper air
+  Shall carry thy prowess otherwhere.
+
+                                        J. W. H.
+
+
+As our father's health failed more and more, his heart turned to the
+home he had made. He longed for Green Peace; and--the lease falling in
+about this time--in the spring of 1872 he and our mother and Maud moved
+thither, and took up their quarters in the "new part," while Laura and
+her husband came to occupy the old. Here the first grandchild (Alice
+Maud Richards) was born; here and at Oak Glen the next four years were
+mainly passed.
+
+The Doctor's ardent spirit longed for new fields of work, new causes to
+help; the earthly part could not follow. How he struggled, toiling,
+suffering, fighting the good fight to his last breath, has been told
+elsewhere:[74] suffice it to say that these years were grave ones for
+the household, spite of new joys that dawned for all.
+
+  [74] _Letters and Journals of Samuel Gridley Howe._
+
+The grandchildren opened a new world for both our parents: a world which
+one was to enjoy for a space all too brief, the other through long
+years, in which she was to be to the youngest generation a lamp of
+wisdom, a flame of warmth and tenderness, a fountain of joy.
+
+Among the memory pictures of this time is one of her sitting at her
+desk, laboring at her endless correspondence; beside her, on the floor,
+the baby of the period, equally absorbed in the contents of the
+waste-paper basket.
+
+Or we see the tall figure of the Doctor, stooping in the doorway between
+the two houses, a crowing child on his shoulders, old face and young
+alight with merriment. These were Richards grandbabes; the Hall children
+were the summer delight of the grandparents, as they and their mother
+usually spent the summer at Oak Glen.
+
+
+"_Friday, September 13._ Before I open even my New Testament to-day, I
+must make record of the joyful birth of Flossy's little son [Samuel
+Prescott Hall].... God bless this dear little child! May he bring peace
+and love....
+
+"During the confinement I could not think of anything divine or
+spiritual. It was Nature's grim, mechanical, traditional task. But now
+that it is over, my heart remembers that Life is not precious without
+God, and the living soul just given stands related to the quickening
+spirit."
+
+"...I can get little time for study, as I must help nurse dear Flossy.
+My mind is strangely divided between my dear work and my dear child and
+grandchild. I must try to keep along with both, but on no account to
+neglect the precious grandchild."
+
+"_October 1._ O year! thou art running low. The last trimester."
+
+"_October 2._ This day, thirty-two years ago, my dearest brother Henry
+died in my arms, the most agonizing experience. Never again did Death so
+enter into my heart, until my lovely son of three years departed many
+years later, leaving a blank as sad and bitter. Henry was a rare and
+delicate person.... His life was a most valuable one to us for help and
+counsel, as well as for affection. Perhaps no one to-day thinks about
+his death except me, his junior by two years, wearing now into the
+decline of life. Dear brother, I look forward to the reunion with you,
+but wish my record were whiter and brighter."
+
+"_October 5._ Boston. Came up for directors' meeting of New England
+Woman's Club. Went afterward to Mrs. Cheney's lecture on English
+literature.... A suggestive and interesting essay, which I was glad to
+hear and have others hear. It gave me a little pain, that, though she
+pleasantly alluded to me as one who has laid aside the laurel for the
+olive branch, she said nothing whatever about my writings, which deserve
+to be spoken of in characterizing the current literature of the day; but
+she perhaps does not read or like my works, and besides, people think of
+me nowadays more as an active woman's woman than as a literary
+character, as the phrase is. All life is full of trial, and when I hear
+literary performance praised, and remember my own love for it, and for
+praise, I think a little how much of all this I have sacrificed in these
+later years for a service that has made me enemies as well as friends. I
+felt called upon to do this, and I still think that if I made a mistake,
+it was one of those honest mistakes it is best to make."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+She was giving Maud music lessons this autumn, reading Plutarch with
+her, taking her to parties and giving parties for her. Later, we find
+her holding mission services at Vineyard Haven; addressing the Saturday
+Morning Club ("Subject--_Object_: I smile at this antithesis");
+delivering a lecture at Albany--with the lecture left behind.
+
+"Got to work at once making abstracts from memory.... Spoke more than an
+hour.... Got my money--would rather have paid it than have had such an
+experience. Felt as if my inner Guide had misled and deserted me. But
+some good to some one may come of what I said and tried to say."
+
+She returned from this trip very weary, only to find "my lecture
+advertised, not one line of it written--subject, 'Men's Women and
+Women's Women.' Set to work at once, almost overpowered by the task, and
+the shortness of the time."
+
+The lecture was finished in the morning, delivered in the afternoon.
+
+"Warm congratulations at the close.... Such a sense of relief!"
+
+On December 19 she notes the departure of "dear Flossy and her dearest
+little Boy.... House very desolate without them. This boy is especially
+dear to Doctor Howe and myself."
+
+"_December 28._ Maria Mitchell's Club lecture to-day was beautiful
+exceedingly. I might have envied her the steady grasp and unbroken
+advance of scientific study, did I not feel sure that God gives to each
+his own work. Mine, such as it is, would be helped and beautified by the
+knowledge which she imparts so easily, but perhaps all of her that I
+shall remember and try to follow is her spirit. Her silver hair seems
+lustrous with spiritual brightness, as do her dark eyes. Her movements
+are full of womanly grace, not ballroom grace."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+From now on the movement is _sempre crescendo_. Work for peace, work for
+clubs; lecturing, preaching, tending the Doctor in his days of illness;
+taking the youngest daughter to balls and parties; founding a club for
+her, too. She felt that the young girls of Maud's age needed the onward
+impulse as much as their elders; accordingly, in November, 1871, she
+called together a meeting of young women, and with their aid and
+good-will formed the Saturday Morning Club of Boston. The energy with
+which this organization sprang into being showed that the time was ripe
+for it. That energy, handed on through two generations, is no less
+lively to-day; the name of the club recalls a hundred beautiful and
+interesting occasions.
+
+The Journal hurries us on from day to arduous day. Even the aspiration
+of New Year's Day, 1873, breathes the note of hurry: "Dear Lord, let me
+this year be worthy to call upon thy name!"
+
+February 5 finds her on another quest: "Mem. Never to come by this route
+again. Had to turn out at Utica at 4 A.M. Three hours in depot...."
+
+"_March 1._ Went to Saturday Morning Club. Found that John Fiske had
+failed them. Was told to improvise a lecture on the spot. Did so...."
+
+"_March 5._ Went to hear the arguments in favor of rescinding the vote
+of censure against Charles Sumner...."
+
+[In 1872, Sumner introduced in the Senate of the United States a
+resolution that the names of battles with fellow-countrymen should not
+be continued in the Army Register, nor placed on the regimental colors
+of the United States. This measure was violently opposed; the
+Legislature of Massachusetts denounced it as "an insult to the loyal
+soldiery of the Nation, ... meeting the unqualified condemnation of the
+Commonwealth." For more than a year Sumner's friends, headed by John G.
+Whittier, strove to obtain the rescinding of this censure; it was not
+till 1874 that it was rescinded by a large majority.]
+
+"_March 10._ A morning for work in my own room, so rare a luxury that I
+hardly know how to use it. Begin with my Greek Testament...."
+
+"_March 17._ Radical Club.... It was an interesting sitting, but I felt
+as if the Club had about done its work. People get to believing that
+talk turns the world: it is much, but it is nothing without work...."
+
+"_May 27._ Fifty-four years old to-day. Thank God for what I have had
+and hope to have.... In the afternoon my dear children had a beautiful
+birthday party for me, including most of my old friends and some of the
+newer ones. Agassiz came, and his wife; he brought a bouquet and kissed
+me. I had beautiful flowers.... Poor Chev was ill with a frightful
+headache. I was much touched by the dear children's affectionate device
+and shall remember this birthday."
+
+This was the first of the Birthday Receptions, which were to be our
+happiest festivals through many happy years.
+
+Monday, June 2, was the day she had appointed as Mothers' Peace Day, her
+annual Peace Festival.
+
+"The day of many prayers dawned propitious, and was as bright and clear
+as I could have wished."
+
+She was up early, and found the hall "beautifully decorated with many
+fine bouquets, wreaths, and baskets, the white dove of Peace rising
+above other emblems." There were two services, morning and evening, and
+many speakers. "Mr. Tilden and Mr. Garrison both did nobly for me....
+Thank God for so much!"
+
+She had the great joy of hearing that the day was celebrated in other
+countries besides her own. In London, Geneva, Constantinople, and
+various other places, services were held, and men and women prayed and
+sang in behalf of peace: this she counted among the precious things of
+the year, and of several years to come.
+
+"_June 6._ Quiet at last, and face to face with the eternal Gospel.
+Weary and confused, anxious to wind up my business well, and begin my
+polyglot sheet...."
+
+Yet on June 10 she is arriving in New York at 5.40 A.M., bound for a
+peace meeting.
+
+"_June 11._ I got two bricks from the dear old house at the corner of
+Broadway and Bond Street, now all down and rebuilding. Will have one
+enamelled for myself. Ah, Lord, what a bitter lesson is in this
+tearing-down! How I was wanting in duty to the noble parent who built
+this grand home for me! I hope to help young people to understand
+something of parental love and its responsibilities. But parents also
+must study children, since each new soul may require a new method."
+
+"_June 12._ Home very gladly. Helped Maud with her Latin. At 3.30 to
+rehearse 'Midsummer-Night's Dream.' I Hermia and Snout. At 7.30 the
+reading, which was the pleasantest we have had."
+
+[These readings were in the vestry of the Church of the Disciples. Mr.
+Clarke, our mother, Erving Winslow, and others of the congregation took
+part: we remember the late Professor James Mills Pierce as Orlando in
+"As You Like It"; his beautiful reading of the part contrasting oddly
+with his middle-aged, long-bearded personality. Our mother's rendering
+of Maria in "Twelfth Night" was something to remember.]
+
+"_June 17._ Up at five and to get a boat. Maud and the Lieutenant
+[Zalinski] rowed me to Fort Independence and back, a most refreshing
+excursion. Dear Dr. Hedge came out to make a morning visit. I kept him
+as long as I could. We talked of Bartol, Rubinstein, Father Taylor, and
+Margaret Fuller, whom he knew when she was fourteen years old. He urged
+me to labor for dress reform, which he considered much needed. Had
+preached two sermons on the subject which his dressy parishioners
+resented, telling him that their husbands approved of their fine
+clothes. I begged him to unearth these sermons and give them to us at
+the club. We spoke of marriage, and I unfolded rapidly my military and
+moral theory of human relations. Thought of a text for a sermon on this
+subject: 'Arise, take up thy bed and walk.' This because the ills of
+marriage which are deemed incurable are not. We must meet them with the
+energetic will which converts evil into good, and without which all good
+degenerates into evil."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+July finds her at Oak Glen. She is full of texts and sermons, but makes
+time to write to Fanny Perkins,[75] proposing "_Picnics with a Purpose_,
+sketching, seaside lectures, astronomical evenings." This thought may
+have been the germ from which grew the Town and Country Club, of which
+more hereafter.
+
+  [75] Mrs. Charles C. Perkins.
+
+The writing of sermons seems to have crowded serious poetry out of sight
+in these days, but the Comic Muse was always at hand with tambourine and
+flageolet, ready to strike up at a moment's notice. There was much
+coming and going of young men and maidens at Oak Glen in those days, and
+much singing of popular songs of a melancholy or desperate cast. The
+maiden was requested to take back the heart she had given; what was its
+anguish to her? There were handfuls of earth in a coffin hid, a coffin
+under the daisies, the beautiful, beautiful daisies; and so on, and so
+on, _ad lachrymam_. She bore all this patiently; but one day she said to
+Maud, "Come! You and these young persons know nothing whatever of real
+trouble. I will make you a song about a real trouble!" And she produced,
+words and tune, the following ditty:--
+
+COOKERY BOOKERY, OH!
+
+  My Irish cook has gone away
+  Upon my dinner-party day;
+  I don't know what to do or say--
+      Cookery bookery, oh!
+
+    _Chorus_:
+
+  Sing, saucepan, range, and kitchen fire!
+  Sing, coals are high and always higher!
+  Sing, crossed and vexed, till you expire!
+      Cookery bookery, oh!
+
+  She could cook every kind of dish,
+  "Wittles" of meat and "wittles" of fish,
+  And soup as fancy as you wish--
+      And she is gone away!
+
+  She weighed two hundred pounds of cheek,
+  She had a voice that made me meek,
+  I had to listen when she did speak--
+      Cookery bookery, oh!
+
+  My husband comes, a saucy elf,
+  And eyes the saucepan on the shelf;
+  Says he, "Why don't you cook yourself?"
+      Cookery bookery, oh!
+
+    _Chorus_:
+
+  Sing, saucepan, range, and kitchen fire!
+  Sing, coals are high and always higher!
+  Sing, crossed and vexed, till you expire!
+      Cookery bookery, oh!
+
+_Jocosa Lyra!_ one chord of its gay music suggests another. It may have
+been in this summer that she wrote "The Newport Song," which also has
+its own lilting melody.
+
+  _Non sumus fashionabiles:
+  Non damus dapes splendides:_
+  But in a modest way, you know,
+  We like to see our money go:
+  _Et gaudeamus igitur_,
+  Our soul has nought to fidget her!
+
+  We do not care to quadrigate
+  On Avenues in gilded state:
+  No gold-laced footmen laugh behind
+  At our vacuity of mind:
+  But in a modest one-horse shay,
+  We rumble, tumble as we may,
+  _Et gaudeamus igitur_,
+  Our soul has nought to fidget her!
+
+  When aestivation is at end,
+  We've had our fun and seen our friend.
+  No thought of payment makes us ill,
+  We don't know such a word as "bill":
+  _Et gaudeamus igitur_,
+  Our soul has nought to fidget her!
+
+She always tried to go at least once in the summer to see the old people
+at the Town Farm, a pleasant, gray old house, not far from Oak Glen.
+
+"In the afternoon visited the poorhouse with J. and F. and found several
+of the old people again, old Nancy who used to make curious patchwork;
+old Benny, half-witted; Elsteth, Henrietta, and Harriet, very glad to
+see us. Julia read them a Psalm, then Harriet and Elsteth sang an
+interminable Methodist hymn, and I was moved to ask if they would like
+to have me pray with them. They assented, and I can only say that my
+heart was truly lifted up by the sense of the universality of God's
+power and goodness, to which these forlorn ones could appeal as directly
+as could the most powerful, rich, or learned people."
+
+Later she writes:--
+
+"The summer seems to me to have been rich in good and in interest as I
+review it. Sweet, studious days, pleasant intercourse with friends, the
+joy of preaching, and very much in all this the well-being of my dear
+family, children and grandchildren, their father and grandfather
+enjoying them with me. This is much to thank God for."
+
+Some of the family lingered on after most of the household _impedimenta_
+had been sent up to Boston, and were caught napping.
+
+"Sitting quietly with Chev over the fire after a game of whist with
+Julia and Paddock,--a hack-driver knocked at the door of our little back
+parlor, saying that a gentleman was waiting at the front door for
+admission. I opened the door and found Dr. Alex Voickoff, who had
+learned in Boston of our being here and had come down to stay over
+Sunday. The floors of nearly every parlor and bedroom had been newly
+oiled. We had no spare bedding. I spared what I could from my
+ill-provided bed--we made the guest as comfortable as we could. The
+bedding had been sent up to Boston. _Hinc illae lachrymae._"
+
+"_November 26._ Saw Salvini's 'Othello.' As wonderful as people say it
+is. The large theatre [the Boston] packed, and so quiet that you could
+have heard a pin drop. From the serene majesty of the opening scenes to
+the agony of the end, all was grand and astounding even to us to whom
+the play is familiar. The Italian version seemed to me very fine,
+preserving all the literary points of the original. In fact it seemed as
+if I had always before heard the play through an English translation, so
+much did the Italian speech and action light it up."
+
+She found Salvini's "Hamlet" "not so good for him as 'Othello,' yet he
+was wonderful in it, and made a very strong impression."
+
+She met the great actor, and found his manners "cordial, natural, and
+high-toned." She gave a dinner-party for him, and found him to improve
+more and more on further acquaintance. He became a valued friend, always
+greeted with delight.
+
+In December, 1873, Richard Ward, her last surviving uncle, died. He had
+lived on at No. 8 Bond Street after the death of Uncle John, and had
+kept up the traditions of that hospitable house, always receiving her
+most affectionately.
+
+"_December 11._ Uncle Richard's funeral. A quiet one, but on the whole
+satisfactory and almost pleasant, he having lived out his life and dying
+surrounded by his children and other relatives, and the family gathering
+around his remains wearing an aspect of cordiality and mutual good-will.
+I put a sprig of white daphne in the folds of the marble drapery of dear
+father's bust and kissed the bust, feeling that it had taken all of
+these years to teach me his value and the value of the moral and
+spiritual inheritance which I had from him and could not wholly waste
+with all the follies which checker the better intentions of my life. I
+went to Greenwood and into the vault, and saw the sacred names of the
+dear departed on the slabs which sealed the deposit of their remains. It
+was all like a dream and a sad one."
+
+"_December 12._ No. 8 Bond Street. I came down here to write the records
+of yesterday and to-day in this dear old house, whose thronging memories
+rise up to wring my heart, in the prospect of its speedy dismantlement
+and the division of its dear contents. Here I came on my return from
+Europe in 1844, bringing my dear Julia, then an infant of six months.
+Uncle John had just bought and fitted it up. Here I came to attend
+Sister Louisa's wedding, Uncle John being rather distant to me,
+supposing that I had favored the marriage. Here I saw dear Brother
+Marion for the last time. Here I came in my most faulty and unhappy
+period. Here, after my first publications; here, to see my play acted at
+Wallack's. Here, when death had taken my dearest Sammy from me. Uncle
+John was so kind and merciful at that time, and always except that once,
+when indeed he did not express _dis_pleasure, but I partly guessed it
+and learned it more fully afterwards. God's blessing rest upon the
+memory of this hospitable and unstained house. It seems to me as if
+neither words nor tears could express the pain I feel in closing this
+account with my father's generation."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The most important episode of 1874, the visit to Samana, has already
+been described. Turning the leaves of the Journal for this year, we
+feel that the change and break were necessary to her as well as to the
+Doctor. There were limits even to her strength.
+
+"_January, 1874._ A sort of melancholy of confusion, not knowing how I
+can possibly get through with the various requisitions made upon my
+time, strength, thought, and sympathy. Usually I feel, even in these
+moods, the nearness of divine help. To-day it seems out of my
+consciousness, but is not on that account out of my belief...."
+
+"The past week one dreadful hurry. Things look colorless when you whirl
+so fast past them."
+
+"The month ending to-day seems the most hurried of my life. Woman's
+Club, Saturday Club, Philosophical group, Maud's music, ditto party, and
+all her dressing and gayety, beside writing for [the Woman's] Journal,
+... two lectures [Salem and Weston], both gratuitous, and the care of
+getting up and advertising Bishop Ferrette's lectures. And in all these
+things I seem not to do, rather than to do, the dissipation of effort so
+calls me away from the quiet, concentrated sort of work which I love."
+
+It was time for the Doctor to say "Come!" and to carry her off to those
+tropical solitudes they had learned to love so well. Yet the departure
+was painful, for Maud must be left behind. On March 1 we read:--
+
+"Of to-day I wish to preserve the fact that, waking early in painful
+perplexity about Maud, Santo Domingo, etc., and praying that the right
+way might open for me and for all of us, my prayer seemed answered by
+the very great comfort I had in hearing the prayer and sermon of Henry
+Powers of New York. The decided spiritual tone of the prayer made me
+feel that I must try to take, every day, this energetic attitude of
+moral will and purpose, even if I fail in much that I wish to do."
+
+On May 27 she writes:--
+
+"My birthday. Fifty-five years old. Still face to face with the mercies
+of God in health and sanity, enjoying all true pleasures more than ever
+and weaned from some false ones. I feel a great lassitude, probably from
+my cold and yesterday's fatigue. I have not worked this year as I did
+the year before, yet I have worked a good deal, too, and perhaps have
+tried more to fulfil the duty nearest at hand.... I thank God for my
+continued life, health, and comfort.... I ask to see Samana free before
+I go.... 'Thy will be done' is the true prayer."
+
+Samana was not to be free, spite of the efforts of its friends, and she
+was not to see it again.
+
+The record of this year and the next is a chronicle of arduous work,
+with the added and ever-deepening note of anxiety; it was only for a
+time that the visit to Samana checked the progress of the Doctor's
+physical failure. He was able in the summer of 1874 to write the
+forty-third report of the Perkins Institution: an important one in which
+he reviewed his whole work among the blind. He felt that this would
+probably be his last earthly task; yet the following summer found him
+again taking up the familiar work, laboring with what little strength
+was left him, and when eyes and hand refused to answer the call of the
+spirit, dictating to his faithful secretary. It has been told elsewhere
+how in this last summer of his life he labored to make more beautiful
+and more valuable the summer home which had become very dear to him.
+
+Returned to Green Peace, he had some happy days in his garden, but for
+gardener and garden they were the last days. The city had decided to put
+a street through Green Peace: already workmen were digging trenches and
+cutting trees. Our mother went to the authorities, and told them of his
+feeble condition. The work was stopped at once, and not resumed during
+his lifetime.
+
+Through these years her time was divided between the invalid and the
+many public duties which had already taken possession of her life.
+Little by little these were crowded out: instead of lecture or concert
+came the ever-shortening walk with the Doctor, the evening game of whist
+or backgammon which lightened a little his burden of pain and weariness.
+
+Yet she was preparing, on January 4, 1876, to keep a lecture engagement
+of long standing, when the blow fell. He was stricken down, and lay for
+some days insensible, waiting the final summons.
+
+There was no hope of his recovery: those around him waited patiently,
+any violence of grief held in check by the silent rebuke of the serene
+face on the pillow.
+
+The day after his death she writes:--
+
+"I awoke at 4.30, but lay still to bear the chastening hand of God, laid
+upon me in severe mercy....
+
+"Some good words came to me: 'Let not your heart be troubled,' etc. 'He
+doth not willingly afflict,' etc.
+
+"Before breakfast went into Chev's room, so sweet and peaceful.... I
+laid my lace veil, my bridal veil, upon the head of his bedstead.... In
+place of my dear husband I have now my foolish papers. Yet I have often
+left him for them. God accept the poor endeavor of my life!"
+
+On the day after the funeral she writes: "Began my new life to-day.
+Prayed God that it might have a greatly added use and earnestness."
+
+And several weeks later, after the memorial meeting in his honor:--
+
+"Yesterday seems to have filled the measure of the past. To-day I must
+forward in the paths of the future. My dear love is sometimes with me,
+at least as an energizing and inspiring influence, but how shall I
+deserve ever to see him again?"
+
+The paths of the future! She was to tread them with cheerful and willing
+feet through many long years, never wholly losing the sense of
+companionship with her good comrade.
+
+She devoted the spring of 1876 to the writing of a brief memoir of him,
+which was printed in pamphlet form and in raised type for the use of the
+blind. With the latter object in view the memoir was necessarily brief.
+The labor of condensing into a small space the record of a long and
+super-active life was severe, but it was the tonic she needed. The days
+of quiet at Green Peace, the arduous work, with a page of Greek or a
+chapter of Baur for relaxation, brought mind and nerves back to their
+normal condition.
+
+The work speaks for itself. As it is little known to-day outside the
+schools for the blind, we quote the concluding paragraph:--
+
+"In what is said, to-day, concerning the motherhood of the human race,
+the social and spiritual aspects of this great office are not wholly
+overlooked. It must be remembered that there is also a fatherhood of
+human society, a vigilance and forethought of benevolence recognized in
+the individuals who devote their best energies to the interests of
+mankind. The man to whose memory the preceding pages are dedicated is
+one of those who have best filled this relation to their race. Watchful
+of its necessities, merciful to its shortcomings, careful of its
+dignity, and cognizant of its capacity, may the results of his labor be
+handed down to future generations, and may his name and example be held
+in loving and lasting remembrance."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XVII
+
+THE WOMAN'S CAUSE
+
+1868-1910
+
+  Women who weave in hope the daily web,
+  Who leave the deadly depths of passion pure,
+  Who hold the stormy powers of will attent,
+  As Heaven directs, to act, or to endure;
+
+  No multitude strews branches in their way,
+  Not in their praise the loud arena strives;
+  Still as a flameless incense rises up
+  The costly patience of their offered lives.
+
+                                          J. W. H.
+
+
+We have seen that after the Doctor's death our mother felt that another
+chapter of life had begun for her. It was a changed world without that
+great and dominant personality. She missed the strength on which she had
+leaned for so many years, the weakness which through the past months she
+had tended and cherished. Henceforth she must lead, not follow; must be
+captain instead of mate.
+
+In another sense, the new life had actually begun for her some years
+before, when she first took up public activities; to those activities
+she now turned the more ardently for the great void that was left in
+heart and home. We must now go back to the later sixties, and speak of
+her special interests at that time.
+
+Looking back over her long life, we see her in three aspects, those of
+the student, the artist, the reformer. First came youth, with its ardent
+study; then maturity, with its output of poems, plays, essays. So far
+she had followed the natural course of creative minds, which must absorb
+and assimilate in order that they may give out. It is in the third phase
+that we find the aspect of her later life, a clear vision of the needs
+of humanity, and a profound hospitality which made it imperative for her
+to give with both hands not only what she had inherited, but what she
+had earned. Having enjoyed unusual advantages herself, the moment she
+saw the way to give other women these advantages, she was eager to "help
+the woman-standard new unfurled."
+
+In the first number of the "Woman's Journal," of which she was one of
+the founders and first editors, she writes (January 8, 1870):--
+
+"We who stand beside the cradle of this enterprise are not young in
+years. Our children are speedily preparing to take our place in the
+ranks of society. Some of us have been looking thoughtfully toward the
+final summons, not because of ill health or infirmity, but because,
+after the establishment of our families, no great object intervened
+between ourselves and that last consummation. But these young
+undertakings detain us in life. While they need so much care and
+counsel, we cannot consent to death. And this first year, at least, of
+our Journal, we are determined to live through."
+
+Again she writes of this new departure:--
+
+"In an unexpected hour a new light came to me, showing me a world of
+thought and character. The new domain was that of true womanhood, woman
+no longer in her ancillary relation to man, but in direct relation to
+the divine plan and purpose, as a free agent fully sharing with man
+every human right and every human responsibility. This discovery was
+like the addition of a new continent to the map of the world. It did not
+come all at once. In my philosophizing I at length reached the
+conclusion that woman must be the moral and spiritual equivalent of man.
+How otherwise could she be entrusted with the awful and inevitable
+responsibilities of maternity? The Civil War came to an end, leaving the
+slave not only emancipated but endowed with the full dignity of
+citizenship. The women of the North had greatly helped to open the door
+which admitted him to freedom and its safeguard, the ballot. Was the
+door to be shut in their face?"
+
+When this new world of thought, this new continent of sympathy was
+opened to her, she was nearly fifty years old. "Oh! had I earlier
+known," she exclaims, "the power, the nobility, the intelligence which
+lie within the range of true womanhood, I had surely lived more wisely
+and to better purpose."
+
+Speaking of this new interest in her life, her old friend Tom Appleton
+(who had not the least sympathy with it) once said, "Your mother's great
+importance to this cause is that she forms a bridge between the world of
+society and the world of reform."
+
+She soon found that she was not alone in her questioning; similar
+thoughts to hers were germinating in the minds of many women. In our
+own and other countries a host of earnest souls were awake, pressing
+eagerly forward. In quick succession came the women's clubs and
+colleges, the renewed demand for woman suffrage, the Association for the
+Advancement of Women, the banding together of women ministers. The hour
+had come, and the women. In all these varying manifestations of one
+great forward and upward movement in America, Julia Ward Howe was _pars
+magna_. Indeed, the story of the latter half of her life is the story of
+the Advance of Woman and the part she played in it.
+
+The various phases may be taken in order. Oberlin, the first
+coeducational college, was chartered in 1834. Vassar, the first college
+for women only, was chartered in 1861, opened in 1865. Smith and
+Wellesley followed in 1875. Considering this brave showing, it is
+strange to recall the great fight before the barred doors of the great
+universities. The women knocked, gently at first, then strongly: our
+mother, Mrs. Agassiz, and the rest. They were greeted by a storm of
+protest. Learned books were written, brilliant lectures delivered, to
+prove that a college education was ruinous to the health of women,
+perilous to that of future generations. The friends of Higher Education
+replied in words no less ardent. Blast and counterblast rang forth.
+Still the patient hands knocked, the earnest voices called: till at
+length--there being friends as well as foes inside--slowly, with much
+creaking and many forebodings, the great doors opened; a crack, then a
+space, till to-day they swing wide, and the Higher Education of Women
+now stands firm as the Pyramids.
+
+The idea of woman suffrage had long been repugnant to our mother. The
+demand for it seemed unreasonable; she was inclined to laugh both at the
+cause and its advocates; yet when, in November, 1868, Colonel Thomas
+Wentworth Higginson asked her to give her name to a call for a meeting
+in behalf of woman suffrage she did not refuse. It would be "a liberal
+and friendly meeting," the Colonel said, "without bitterness or
+extravagance."
+
+On the day of the meeting she "strayed into Horticultural Hall" in her
+"rainy-day suit, with no idea of taking any active part in the
+proceedings." Indeed, she had hoped to remain unnoticed, until summoned
+by an urgent message to join those who sat upon the platform;
+reluctantly she obeyed the summons. With this simple action the old
+order changed for her. On the platform were gathered the woman suffrage
+leaders, some of whom she already knew: William Lloyd Garrison, Wendell
+Phillips, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, James Freeman Clarke; veteran
+captains of Reform, her husband's old companions-in-arms. Looking in
+their steadfast faces, she felt that she belonged with them; that she
+must help to draw the car of progress, not drag like a brake on its
+wheel.
+
+Beside these were some unknown to her. She saw now for the first time
+the sweet face of Lucy Stone, heard the silver voice which was to be
+dear to her through many years. "Here stood the true woman, pure, noble,
+great-hearted, with the light of her good life shining in every feature
+of her face." These men and women had been the champions of the slave.
+They now asked for wives and mothers those civil rights which had been
+given to the negro; "that impartial justice for which, if for anything,
+a Republican Government should stand." Their speech was earnest; she
+listened as to a new gospel. When she was asked to speak, she could only
+say, "I am with you."
+
+With the new vision came the call of a new duty. "What can I do?" she
+asked. The answer was ready. The New England Woman Suffrage Association
+was formed, and she was elected its first president. This office she
+held, with some interruptions, through life. It is well to recall the
+patient, faithful work of the pioneer suffragists, who, without money or
+prestige, spent _themselves_ for the cause. Their efforts, compared to
+the well-organized and well-financed campaigns of to-day, are as a
+"certain upper chamber" compared with the basilica of St. Peter, yet it
+was in that quiet room that the tongues of Pentecost spoke.
+
+"I am glad," she often said, "to have joined the suffrage movement,
+because it has brought me into such high company."
+
+The convert buckled to her new task with all her might, working for it
+early and late with an ardor that counted no cost.
+
+"Oh! dear Mrs. Howe, you are so _full_ of inspiration!" cried a foolish
+woman. "It enables you to do _so much_!"
+
+"Inspiration!" said "dear Mrs. Howe," shortly. "Inspiration means
+_perspiration_!"
+
+She says of her early work for suffrage:--
+
+"One of the comforts which I found in the new association was the relief
+which it afforded me from a sense of isolation and eccentricity. For
+years past I had felt strongly impelled to lend my voice to the
+convictions of my heart. I had done this in a way, from time to time,
+always with the feeling that my course in doing so was held to call for
+apology and explanation by the men and women with whose opinions I had
+hitherto been familiar. I now found a sphere of action in which this
+mode of expression no longer appeared singular or eccentric, but simple,
+natural, and, under the circumstances, inevitable."
+
+It was no small thing for her to take up this burden. The Doctor,
+although a believer in equal suffrage, was strongly opposed to her
+taking any active part in public life. He felt as Grandfather Howe had
+felt forty years before when his son Sam spoke in public for the sake of
+Greece; it jarred on his traditions. Others of the family also deplored
+the new departure, and her personal friends almost with one accord held
+up hands of horror or deprecation. These things were inexpressibly
+painful to her; she loved approbation; the society and sympathy of "kent
+folk," whose traditions corresponded with her own; but her hand was on
+the plough; there was no turning back.
+
+Suffrage worked her hard. The following year the New England Woman
+Suffrage Association issued a call for the formation of a national body;
+the names signed were Lucy Stone, Caroline M. Severance, Julia Ward
+Howe, T. W. Higginson, and G. H. Vibbert. Representatives from
+twenty-one States assembled in Cleveland, November 24, 1869, and formed
+the American Woman Suffrage Association. There was already a "National
+Woman Suffrage Association," formed a few months earlier; the new
+organization differed from the other in some points of policy, notably
+in the fact that men as well as women were recognized among the leaders.
+Colonel Higginson was its president at one time, Henry Ward Beecher,
+Bishop Gilbert Haven, and Dudley Foulke at others. The New England
+Woman's Club also admitted men to membership: it was a point our mother
+had much at heart. She held that the Quaker organization was the best,
+with its separate meetings of men and women, supplemented by a joint
+session of both. She always insisted upon the salutary influence that
+men and women exercise upon one another.
+
+"The two sexes police each other," she often said. She always maintained
+the importance of their united action in matters of public as of private
+interest. She was essentially a humanist in contradistinction to a
+feminist.
+
+She worked for the American Association during the twenty-one years of
+its separate existence, first as foreign corresponding secretary,
+afterward as president, and in various other capacities. When, in 1890,
+the two societies united to form the National American Woman Suffrage
+Association, she became and continued through life one of the
+vice-presidents of that body. From the first, she was recognized as an
+invaluable leader. The years of philosophical study had made her mind
+supple, alert, quick to grasp and to respond, even as the study of
+languages brought her the gift of ready speech and pure diction. Her
+long practice in singing had given her voice strength, sweetness, and
+carrying power; above all, she was a natural orator, and speaking was a
+joy to her. The first time she ever made a speech in public was to a
+group of soldiers of the Army of the Potomac on the occasion of a visit
+to Washington during the war. She had driven out to visit the camp
+outside the Capital. Colonel William B. Greene disconcerted her very
+much by saying, "Mrs. Howe, you must speak to my men."
+
+She refused, and ran away to hide in an adjacent tent. The Colonel
+insisted, and finally she managed to make a very creditable little
+speech to the soldiers.
+
+Now, she no longer ran away when called upon to speak. Wherever the work
+called her, she went gladly; like St. Paul, she was "in journeyings
+often, ... in weariness and painfulness, in watchings often"; the
+journals are full of incidents picturesque to read, uncomfortable to
+live through. Occasionally, after some tremendous exertion, we read,
+"Maud must not know of this!" or, "No one must ever know that I took the
+wrong train!"
+
+Much of her most important work for woman suffrage was done at the State
+House, Boston. In Massachusetts, the custom of bringing this subject
+before the legislature every year long prevailed. She always went to
+these hearings. She considered it a privilege to take part in them;
+counted them "among her most valued recollections." They extended over
+forty years or more.
+
+These occasions were often exasperating as well as fatiguing. She never
+wearied of presenting the arguments for suffrage; she often suffered
+vexation of spirit in refuting those brought against it, but she never
+refused the battle. "If I were mad enough," she said once, "I could
+speak in Hebrew!"
+
+She was "mad enough" when at a certain hearing woman suffrage was
+condemned as a "minority cause." Her words, if not in Hebrew, show the
+fighting spirit of ancient Israel.
+
+We quote from memory:--
+
+The Reverend ----: "The fact that most women are indifferent or opposed
+is a sufficient proof that woman suffrage is wrong."
+
+Mrs. Howe: "May I ask one question? Were the Twelve Apostles wrong in
+trying to bring about a better social condition when almost the whole
+community was opposed to them?"
+
+Dr. ----: "I suppose that question was asked merely for rhetorical
+effect."
+
+Mrs. Howe (having asked for two minutes to reply, with the whispered
+comment, "_I shall die_ if I am not allowed to speak!"): "I do not know
+how it is with Dr. ----, but I was not brought up to use the Bible for
+rhetorical effect. To my mind, the suffragists and their opponents are
+like the wise and the foolish virgins of the parable, equal in number
+but not in wisdom. When the Bridegroom cometh, may Dr. ---- have his
+wedding garment ready!"
+
+She thus recalls some of the scenes in the State House where she was so
+long a familiar figure:--
+
+"I have again and again been one of a deputation charged with laying
+before a legislature the injustice of the law which forbids the husband
+a business contract with his wife, and of that which denies to a married
+woman the right to be appointed guardian of her children. We reasoned
+also against what in legal language is termed 'the widow's quarantine,'
+the ordinance which forbids a widow to remain in her husband's house
+more than forty days without paying rent, the widower in such case
+possessing an unlimited right to abide under the roof of his deceased
+wife. Finally, we dared ask that night-walkers of the male sex should be
+made liable to the same penalties as women for the same offence. Our
+bill passed the legislature, and became part of the laws of
+Massachusetts."
+
+Elsewhere she writes: "In Massachusetts the suffragists worked for
+fifty-five years before they succeeded in getting a law making mothers
+equal guardians of their minor children with the fathers. In Colorado,
+when the women were enfranchised, the next legislature passed such a
+bill." Of the movement by which women won a right to have a voice in the
+education of their children, she says: "The proposal to render women
+eligible for service on the School Board was met at first with derision
+and with serious disapproval. The late Abby W. May had much to do with
+the early consideration of this measure, and the work which finally
+resulted in its adoption had its first beginning in the parlors of the
+New England Woman's Club, where special meetings were held in its
+behalf. The extension of the school suffrage to women followed, after
+much work on the part of men and of women."
+
+"These meetings," she said once, speaking before the Massachusetts Woman
+Suffrage Association, "show, among other things, the character of those
+who believe in suffrage with their whole heart. We who are gathered here
+are not a frantic, shrieking mob. We are not contemners of marriage, nor
+neglecters of home and offspring. We are individually allowed to be men
+and women of sound intellect, of reputable life, having the same stake
+and interest in the well-being of the community that others have. Most
+of us are persons of moderate competence, earned or inherited. We have
+had, or hope to have, our holy fireside, our joyful cradle, our decent
+bank account. Why should any consider us as the enemies of society, we
+who have everything to gain by its good government?"
+
+It seems fitting to add a few more of her words in behalf of the cause
+which she served so long,--words spoken at Club meetings, at Conventions
+before Legislatures.
+
+"But besides the philosophy of woman suffrage, we want its religion.
+Human questions are not glorified until they are brought into touch with
+the Divine...."
+
+"The weapon of Christian warfare is the ballot, which represents the
+peaceable assertion of conviction and will. Adopt it, O you women, with
+clean hands and a pure heart!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"The religion which makes me a moral agent equally with my father and
+brother, gives me my right and title to the citizenship which I am here
+to assert. I ought to share equally with them its privileges and its
+duties. No man can have more at stake in the community than I have.
+Imposition of taxes, laws concerning public health, order, and morality,
+affect me precisely as they affect the male members of my family, and I
+am bound equally with them to look to the maintenance of a worthy and
+proper standard and status in all of these departments."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"God forbid that in this country chivalry and legislation should be set
+one against the other. I ask you, gentlemen, to put your chivalry into
+your legislation. Let the true Christian knighthood find its stronghold
+in your ranks. Arm yourselves with the best reasons, with the highest
+resolve, and deliver us poor women from the injustice which oppresses
+and defrauds us."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Revere the religion of home. Keep its altar flame bright in your
+heart.... The vestals of ancient Rome were at once guardians of the
+hearth and custodians of the archives of the Roman State. So, in every
+time, the home conserves the sacred flame of life, and the destiny of
+the nation rests with those who keep it."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"Go abroad with the majesty and dignity of your home about you.... Let
+the modest graces of the fireside adorn you in the great gathering. This
+is a new sort of home missionary, one who shall carry the blessed
+spirit of home wherever she goes, a spirit of rest, of healing, of
+reconciliation and good-will."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"One aspect of this [the military argument] would make the protection
+which men are supposed to give to women in time of war the equivalent
+for the political rights denied them. But, gentlemen, let me ask what
+protection can you give us which shall compare with the protection we
+give you when you are born, little helpless creatures, into the world,
+without feet to stand upon, or hands to help yourselves? Without this
+tender, this unceasing protection, no man of you would live to grow up.
+It may easily happen that no man of a whole generation shall ever be
+called upon to defend the women of his country in the field. But it
+cannot happen that the women of any generation shall fail to give their
+unwearied and energetic protection to the infant men born of it. Some of
+us know how full of labor and detail this protection is; what anxious
+days, what sleepless nights it involves. The mothers are busy at home,
+not only building up the bodies of the little men, but building up their
+minds too, teaching them to be gentle, pure and honest, cultivating the
+elements of the human will, that great moralizing power on which the
+State and the Church depend. A man is very happy if he can ever repay to
+his mother the protection she gave him in his infancy. So, the plea of
+protection has two sides.
+
+"If manhood suffrage is unsatisfactory, it does not at all show that
+woman suffrage would be. On the contrary, we might make it much better
+by bringing to it the feminine mind, which, in a way, complements the
+masculine, and so, I think, completes the mind of humanity. We are half
+of humanity, and I do frankly believe that we have half the intelligence
+and good sense of humanity, and that it is quite time that we should
+express not only our sentiments but our determined will, to set our
+faces as a flint toward justice and right, and to follow these through
+the difficult path, through the thorny wilderness. Not to the bitter
+end, but a very sweet end, and I hope it may be before my end comes."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Her last service to the cause of woman suffrage was to send a circular
+letter to all the editors and to all the ministers of four leading
+denominations in the four oldest suffrage States, Wyoming, Colorado,
+Utah, and Idaho, asking whether equal suffrage worked well or ill. She
+received 624 answers, 62 not favorable, 46 in doubt, and 516 in favor. A
+letter from her to the London "Times," stating these results, appeared
+on the same day that the news of her death was cabled to Europe.
+
+Thinking of the long years of effort which followed her adoption of the
+cause of woman suffrage, a word of the Doctor's, spoken in 1875, comes
+vividly to mind.
+
+"Your cause," said he, "lacks one element of success, and that is
+opposition. It is so distinctly just that it will slide into
+popularity." He little thought that the cause was to wait forty years
+for that slide!
+
+Side by side with the suffrage movement, growing along with it and with
+the women's clubs, and in time to be absorbed by them, was another
+movement which was for many years very dear to her, the Association for
+the Advancement of Women.
+
+This Association had its beginning in 1873, when Sorosis, then a sturdy
+infant, growing fast and reaching out in every direction, issued a call
+for a Congress of Women in New York in the autumn of that year. She says
+of this call:---
+
+"Many names, some known, others unknown to me, were appended to the
+document first sent forth. My own was asked for. Should I give or
+withhold it? Among the signatures already obtained, I saw that of Maria
+Mitchell,[76] and this determined me to give my own."
+
+  [76] She had a great regard and admiration for Miss Mitchell. Scientific
+  achievement seemed to her well-nigh miraculous, and roused in her an
+  almost childlike reverence.
+
+She went to the Congress, and "viewed its proceedings a little
+critically at first," its plan appearing to her "rather vast and vague."
+
+Yet she felt the idea of the Association to be a good one; and when it
+was formed, with the above title, and with Mrs. Livermore as president,
+she was glad to serve on a sub-committee, charged with selecting topics
+and speakers for the first annual Congress.
+
+The object of the Association was "to consider and present practical
+methods for securing to women higher intellectual, moral, and physical
+conditions, with a view to the improvement of all domestic and social
+relations."
+
+At its first Congress she said:
+
+"How can women best associate their efforts for the amelioration of
+Society? We must come together in a teachable and religious spirit.
+Women, while building firmly and definitely the fabric they decide to
+rear, must yet build with an individual tolerance which their combined
+and corporate wisdom may better explain. The form of the Association
+should be representative, in a true and wide sense. Deliberation in
+common, mutual instruction, achievement for the whole better and more
+valuable than the success of any,--these should be the objects held
+constantly in view. The good of all the aim of each. The discipline of
+labor, faith, and sacrifice is necessary. Our growth in harmony of will
+and in earnestness of purpose will be far more important than in
+numbers."
+
+One hundred and ninety women formed this Association: a year later there
+were three hundred. The second Congress was held in Chicago, with an
+attendance "very respectable in numbers and character from the first,
+and very full in afternoon and evening."
+
+On the second day, October 16, 1874, the subject considered was "Crime
+and Reform." The Journal says:--
+
+"Mrs. Ellen Mitchell's paper on fallen women was first-rate throughout.
+I spoke first after it, saying that we must carry the war into Africa
+and reform the men...."
+
+The meetings of the Congress grew more and more important to her. That
+of 1875 found her "much tossed in mind" about going, on account of the
+Doctor's ill health. She consulted Mr. Clarke, but felt afterward that
+this was a mistake.
+
+"My daemon says: 'Go and say nothing. Nobody can help you bear your own
+child.'"
+
+She went.
+
+No matter how fatiguing these journeys were, she never failed to find
+some enjoyment in them; many were the pleasant "fruits of friendship"
+gathered along the way. Some one of the sisters was sure to have a tiny
+teapot in her basket; another would produce a spirit-lamp; they drank
+their tea, shared their sandwiches, and were merry. She loved to travel
+with her "dear big Livermore," with Lucy Stone, and the faithful
+Blackwells, father and daughter; perhaps her best-loved companion was
+Ednah Cheney, her "esteemed friend of many years, excellent in counsel
+and constant and loyal in regard."
+
+Once she and Mrs. Cheney appeared together at an "A.A.W." meeting in a
+Southern city, where speaking and singing were to alternate on the
+programme. It was in their later years: both were silver-haired and
+white-capped. Our mother was to announce the successive numbers.
+Glancing over the programme, she saw that Mr. So-and-So was to sing "The
+Two Grenadiers." With a twinkling glance toward Mrs. Cheney, she
+announced, "The next number will be 'The Two Granny Dears'!"
+
+The Reverend Antoinette Blackwell, describing one of these journeys,
+says:--
+
+"As we went onward I was ready to close my eyes and 'loll' or look
+lazily out to see the flying landscape seem to be doing the work. When
+I roused enough to look at Mrs. Howe she was reading. Later, I looked
+again, she was still reading. This went on mile after mile till I was
+enough interested to step quietly across the aisle and peep over Mrs.
+Howe's shoulder without disturbing her. She was reading a Greek volume,
+apparently with as much enjoyment as most of us gain from reading in
+plain English when we are not tired.... With apparent unwearied
+enjoyment, she told us anecdotes, repeated the little stories and rhymes
+and sang the little songs which she had given to her children and
+grandchildren....
+
+"We lingered at the breakfast table in the morning and among other
+things came to comparing social likes and dislikes. 'I never can bring
+myself to destroy the least bit of paper,' said Mrs. Howe, meaning paper
+written on, containing the record of human thought and feeling which
+might be of worth, and its only record. To her these were the chief
+values of life."
+
+The following notes are taken from the record of "A.A.W." journeys in
+the eighties:--
+
+"_Buffalo, October 22, 1881._ I felt quite distracted about leaving home
+when I came this way for the Congress, but have felt clear about the
+good of it, ever since. I rarely have much religious meditation in these
+days, except to be very sorry for a very faulty life. I will therefore
+record the fact that I have felt an unusual degree of religious comfort
+in these last days. It seemed a severe undertaking to preach to-day
+after so busy a week, and with little or no time for preparation. But my
+text came to me as it usually does, and a hope that the sermon would be
+given to me, which, indeed, it seemed to be. I thought it out in bed
+last night and this morning...."
+
+  "My beautiful, beautiful West,
+  I clasp thee to my breast!
+  Or rather down I lie,
+  Like a little old babe and cry,
+  A babe to second childhood born,
+  Astonished at the mighty morn,
+  And only pleading to be fed,
+  From Earth's illimitable bread!"
+
+"Left Schenectady yesterday. Drawing-room car. Read Greek a good deal.
+At Syracuse I took the tumbler of the car and ran out to get some milk,
+etc., for supper. Spent 25 cents, and took my slender meal in the car,
+on a table. After this, slept profoundly all the evening; took the
+sleeper at Rochester, and slept like the dead, having had very
+insufficient sleep for two nights past. Was awakened early to get out at
+Cleveland--much detained by a young woman who got into the dressing-room
+before me, and stayed to make an elaborate toilet, keeping every one
+else out. When at last she came out, I said to her, 'Well, madam, you
+have taken your own time, to the inconvenience of everybody else. You
+are the most selfish woman I ever travelled with.' Could get only a cup
+of coffee and a roll at Cleveland--much confusion about cars--regained
+mine, started, and found that I had left my trunk at Cleveland,
+unchecked. Flew to conductor, who immediately took measures to have it
+forwarded. Must wait all day at Shelby, in the most forlorn hole I ever
+saw called a hotel. No parlor, a dark bedroom for me to stay in, a cold
+hell without the fire, and a very hot one with it. Dirty bed not made
+up, a sinister likeness of Schuyler Colfax hanging high on the wall, and
+a print of the managers of Andy Johnson's impeachment. I--in distress
+about my trunk--have telegraphed to Mansfield for the title of my
+lecture and learn that it is 'Polite Society.' Must give it without the
+manuscript, and must borrow a gown to give it in."
+
+
+"_Minnesota in Winter_
+
+"The twistings and turnings of a lecture trip have brought me twice, in
+the present season, to Minnesota....
+
+"To an Easterner, a daily walk or two is the first condition of health.
+Here, the frost seemed to enter one's very bones, and to make locomotion
+difficult.... Life at the hotel was mostly an anxious _tete-a-tete_ with
+an air-tight stove. Sometimes you roasted before it, sometimes you
+froze. As you crammed it with wood at night, you said, 'Will you, oh!
+will you burn till morning?' Finally, on the coldest night of all, and
+at that night's noon, you bade it farewell, on your way to the midnight
+train, and wondered whether you should be likely to go further and fare
+worse....
+
+"After the lecture an informal sitting was held in the parlor of my
+hostess, at which there was much talk of the clubs of Boston; 'If I
+forget thee, O Jerusalem!' being the predominant tone in the minds of
+those present. And at noon, away, away, in the caboose of a freight car,
+to meet the passenger train at Owatonna, and so reach Minneapolis by
+early evening.
+
+"To travel in such a caboose is a somewhat rough experience. The dirt is
+grimy and of long standing. The pictures nailed up on the boards are not
+of an edifying description. The railroad employees who have admitted us
+into their place of refuge wear dirty overalls, and eat their dinner out
+of tin pails all afloat with hot coffee. One of my own sex keeps me in
+countenance....
+
+
+"_Minneapolis_
+
+"Twenty years ago, a small collection of wooden houses, of no particular
+account, except for the natural beauties of the spot on which they
+stood. Now, a thriving and well-built city, whose manufacturers have
+settled the controversy between use and beauty, by appropriating the
+Falls of St. Anthony to the running of their saw- and flour-mills. My
+first sensation of delight here was at finding myself standing on
+Hennepin Avenue. To a reader of Parkman's histories, the spot was
+classic.... To refresh my own recollections, I had recourse to the
+Public Library of the town, where I soon found Parkman's 'Discovery of
+the Great West.' Armed with this volume, with the aid of a cheap and
+miserable railroad map, I traced out something of the movements of those
+hardy French explorers. It was like living part of a romance, to look
+upon the skies and waters which had seen them wandering, suffering, yet
+undaunted....
+
+
+"_St. Paul_
+
+"But I cannot rest so near St. Paul without visiting this famous city
+also. I contemplate a trip in the cars, but my friendly host leaves his
+business for a day, and drives me over in an open sleigh. I do not
+undertake this jaunt without Bostonian fears of death of cold, but
+Minnesota cold is highly stimulating, and with the aid of a bottle of
+hot water, I make the journey without a shiver.... Numbers of Indian
+squaws from Mendota walk the streets in groups. I follow three of them
+into a warehouse. One of them has Asiatic features--the others are
+rather pretty. They are Sioux. I speak to them, but they do not reply.
+The owner of the warehouse asks what he can show me. I tell him that I
+desire to see what the squaws will buy. He says that they buy very
+little, except beads, and have only come into the store to warm
+themselves. They smile, and obviously understand English. We dine at the
+hotel, a very pleasant one. There is no printed bill of fare, but the
+waiter calls off 'beefsteak, porksteak,' etc., and we make a comfortable
+meal. I desire to purchase some dried buffalo meat, and find some, not
+without difficulty, as the season for selling it is nearly over. The
+crowning romance of the day is a sleighride of five miles on the
+Mississippi, giving us a near view of its fluted bluffs and numerous
+islets. We visit also the Falls of Minnehaha, now sheeted in ice, but
+very beautiful, even in this disguise. We talk of 'Hiawatha,' and my
+companion says, 'If Mr. Longfellow had ever seen a Sioux Indian, he
+would not have written "Hiawatha."' The way to the bottom of the falls
+is so slippery with ice that I conclude not to attempt it. The day,
+which was one of great exposure, passed in great pleasure, and without
+chill or fatigue....
+
+"In my days of romance, I remember watching late one night on board the
+Mediterranean steamer in order to be sure of the moment in which we
+should pass beyond the boundaries of the Italian shore. Something like
+such a feeling of interest and regret came over me when, in the unpoetic
+_sleeper_, I asked at what hour of the night the cars would pass out of
+Minnesota on the way back to Chicago. This sincere testimony from a
+veteran of travel, in all sorts, will perhaps convince those who do not
+know the young State that she has a great charm of beauty and of
+climate, besides a great promise of future prosperity and eminence."
+
+
+"_Kansas_
+
+"Travel in Minnesota was living romance. Travel in Kansas is living
+history. I could not cross its borders, new as these are, without
+unlocking a volume of the past, written in blood and in prayer, and
+sealed with the forfeit of noble lives. A ghostly army of warriors
+seemed to escort me as I entered the fair, broad territory. John Brown,
+the captain of them, stretched his hand to the Capitol, and Sumner, and
+Andrew, and Howe were with him. Here was the stand made, here the good
+fight begun, which, before it was well under way, divided the thought
+and sentiment of Europe, as well as those of America.
+
+"My tired spirit sought to shake off at this point the commonplace sense
+of weariness and annoyance. To be in Kansas, and that for work, not for
+pastime. To bring the woman's word where the man's rough sword and spade
+had once wrought together, this was poetry, not prose. To be cold, and
+hungry, and worn with journeying, could not efface the great interest
+and pleasure....
+
+
+"_Atchison_
+
+"I was soon told that a gentleman was anxious to speak with me
+concerning my land at Grasshopper, which borders immediately upon his
+own. Judge Van Winkle accordingly, with due permission, waited upon me,
+and unfolded his errand. Grasshopper, he said, was a growing place. It
+possessed already a store and an apothecary. It had now occasion for a
+schoolhouse, and one corner of my land offered the most convenient place
+for such an institution. The town did not ask me to give this land--it
+was willing to pay a fair price for the two acres wanted. Wishing to
+learn a little more about the township, I asked whether it possessed the
+requisite variety of creeds.
+
+"'Have you a Baptist, a Methodist, an Episcopalian, and a Universalist
+church?'
+
+"'No,' said my visitor, 'we have no church at all. People who wish to
+preach can do so in some private house.' I afterwards learn that Judge
+Van Winkle is a student of Plato; who knows what may be his Hellenic
+heresy? He is endorsed, however, by others as a good, solid man, and the
+proposition for the schoolhouse receives my favorable consideration.
+
+
+"_Leavenworth_
+
+"My first visit to Leavenworth was a stay of a couple of hours between
+trains, on my way to southern Kansas. Short as this was, it yet brought
+to my acquaintance two new friends, and to my remembrance two old ones.
+Of the new friends, the first seen was Rev. Edward Sanborn, the
+Unitarian minister of the place. Mr. Sanborn met me at the comfortless
+depot, and insisted upon taking me to his lodgings, where Friend Number
+Two, in the shape of his amiable wife, added herself to the list of my
+well-wishers. Mr. Sanborn had just been burned out. His house took fire
+while he and his wife were spending Christmas Day with a neighbor, and
+burned so quickly that no article in it could be saved. He had found in
+the ashes the charred remains of his manuscript sermons, and had good
+hope of being able to decipher them. As the pleasant minutes passed in
+easy conversation, I could not help reflecting on the instinctive
+hospitality of Western life. This cosy corner in a mere hired bedroom
+had given me a rest and a shelter which I should have been unwilling to
+ask for in some streets of palaces which have been familiar to me from
+my youth up."
+
+
+The Association for the Advancement of Women was a pioneer society, and
+did vital work for twenty-five years. During the greater part of that
+time she was its president. She never missed (save when in Europe) one
+of its annual congresses, or one of the mid-year conferences (of
+officers only) which she considered of high moment. She worked for the
+Association with a loving enthusiasm that never varied or faltered; and
+it was a real grief to her when the changing of the old order resolved
+it into its elements, to take new shape in the larger and
+farther-reaching work of the General Federation of Clubs, and other
+kindred societies.
+
+Many of these may be called the children of "A.A.W." The greatest
+service of the latter was in founding women's clubs throughout the
+country. Wherever they went, to conferences or conventions, its leaders
+called about them the thoughtful women of the neighborhood, and helped
+them to plan local associations for study and work.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+There was still another aspect of the Woman Question, dearer to her even
+than "A.A.W."
+
+A woman minister once said: "My conviction that Mrs. Howe was a divinely
+ordained preacher was gained the first time that she publicly espoused
+the question of woman suffrage in 1869."
+
+We have seen that little Julia Ward began her ministrations in the
+nursery. At eight years old she was adjuring her little cousin to love
+God and he would see death approaching with joy. At eleven she was
+writing her "Invitation to Youth":--
+
+  Oh! let thy meditations be of God,
+  Who guides thy footsteps with unerring eye;
+  And who, until the path of life is trod,
+  Will never leave thee by thyself to die.
+
+  When morning's rays so joyously do shine,
+  And nature brightens at the face of day,
+  Oh! think then on the joys that shall be thine
+  If thou wilt early walk the narrow way.
+
+We have followed her through the Calvinistic period of religious gloom
+and fervor; through the intellectual awakening that followed; through
+the years when she could say to Philosophy,--
+
+          "... The world its plenitude
+  May keep, so I may share thy beggary."
+
+These various phases were like divers-colored shades covering a lamp:
+through them all the white flame of religion burned clear and steady,
+fostered by a natural piety which was as much a part of her as the
+breath she drew.
+
+In the year 1865 came the call to preach. She was asked to speak before
+the Parker Fraternity in Boston. She chose for her discourse a paper on
+"Ideal Causation," which she had thought "the crown of her endeavor
+hitherto."
+
+"To my sorrow, I found that it did not greatly interest my hearers, and
+that one who was reported to have wondered 'what Mrs. Howe was driving
+at' had spoken the mind of many of those present.
+
+"I laid this lesson much to heart, and, becoming convinced that
+metaphysics did not supply the universal solvent for human evils, I
+determined to find a _pou sto_ nearer to the sympathies of the average
+community, from which I might speak for their good and my own.
+
+"From my childhood the Bible had been dear and familiar to me, and I now
+began to consider texts and sermons, in place of the transcendental webs
+I had grown so fond of spinning. The passages of Scripture which now
+occurred to me filled me with a desire to emphasize their wisdom by a
+really spiritual interpretation. From this time on, I became more and
+more interested in the religious ministration of women...."
+
+Her first sermon was preached at Harrisburg in 1870. Then followed the
+sermons in Santo Domingo, and those of the Peace Crusade in London; from
+this time, the Woman Ministry was one of the causes dearest to her
+heart. The Journal from now on contains many texts and notes for
+sermons.
+
+In 1871, "What the lost things are which the Son of Man came to save,
+lost values, lost jewels, darkened souls, scattered powers, lost
+opportunities."
+
+A year later: "Preached in the afternoon at the South Portsmouth
+meetinghouse. Text, 'I will arise and go unto my father,' Subject: 'The
+Fatherhood of God.' I did as well as usual.... In the evening my text
+was: 'Abide in me and I in you,' etc., but I was at one moment so
+overcome with fatigue that the whole thread of my discourse escaped me.
+I paused for a moment, excused myself briefly to the congregation, and
+was fortunate enough to seize the thread of my discourse again, and got
+through quite well. I felt this very much,--the fear of failure, I mean.
+The fatigue was great and my brain felt it much. My daemon told me
+beforehand that I could not repeat this sermon and had better read it. I
+shall believe him next time. This is a difficult point, to know how far
+to trust the daemon. He is not to be implicitly trusted, nor yet to be
+neglected. In these days I am forced to review the folly and
+shortcomings of my life. My riper reason shows me a sad record of
+follies and of faults. I seem to sit by and listen sadly; no chastening
+for the present is joyous but grievous."
+
+"_Sunday, September 29._ Reverend Mrs. Gustine to dine. I afterwards to
+church to hear her. A sweet woman, called of God, with a real power. Her
+voice, manner, and countenance, most sweet and impressive. Intellection
+not remarkable, I think, but tone, feeling, and effect very remarkable.
+No one, I think, would doubt the reality of spiritual things after
+hearing her. I asked myself why I am not jealous of her, as she preaches
+far more effectively than I do. Well, partly because I believe in my own
+gift, such as it is, and partly because what she does is natural,
+genuine, and without pretence or pretension. Her present Society was
+much disturbed by strife when she was called to its care. No man, she
+told me, could have united the opposing parties. A true woman could.
+This shows me a work that women have to do in the Church as well as
+elsewhere. Where men cannot make peace, they can. Mrs. Gustine says that
+by my writings and example I have helped her a good deal. I am glad to
+hear this, but pray to do far better than I have yet done.... Thought
+much about Mrs. Gustine, who, without any of my training and culture,
+can do what I cannot. I can also do what she cannot--think a subject
+out. She can only shadow and suggest, yet how powerful is the contact of
+her soul, and what a good power!"
+
+"_Saturday, October 26._ To Vineyard Haven to help Mr. Stevens with
+to-morrow's services.... Arrival rainy and dismal. Mission house lonely
+in a storm. Mr. S.'s young niece very capable and pleasant; did the
+honors and took care of me. I was very hungry before supper, having had
+nothing since breakfast except a few chestnuts and a biscuit. Wondered
+a little why I had come."
+
+"_Sunday, 27th._ Found out why I had come. Preached from text: 'Oh, that
+men would praise the Lord for his goodness and for his wonderful works,'
+etc. Consider these wonderful works: the world we live in, a human body
+and brain, a human soul.
+
+"_Evening._ 'The ministry of reconciliation,' how Christianity
+reconciles man to God, nature to spirit, men to each other.
+
+"I went through the two services entirely alone. I felt supported and
+held up. I had hoped and prayed this journey might bring some special
+good to some one. It brought great comfort to me...."
+
+
+On February 16, 1873, after hearing a powerful sermon, she feels
+awakened to take up the work over which she has dreamed so much, and
+talks with her friend, Mary Graves, herself an ordained minister of the
+Unitarian Church, about "our proposed Woman's Mission here in Boston." A
+few days later she writes: "Determine that my Sunday services must be
+held and to see Redpath[77] in this connection."
+
+  [77] Of the Redpath Bureau.
+
+The result of this determination was the organization of the Woman's
+Liberal Christian Union, which held Sunday afternoon meetings through
+the spring. She preached the first sermon, on March 16. "I meant," she
+says, "to read my London sermon, but found it not suitable. Wrote a new
+one as well as I could. Had a very good attendance. Was forced to play
+the hymn tunes myself. Am thankful that the occasion seemed to meet
+with acceptance."
+
+In 1873, a number of women ministers having come to Boston to attend the
+May Anniversaries, she conceived the idea of bringing them together in a
+meeting all their own. She issued a call for a Woman Preachers'
+Convention, and this convention, the first held in any country, met on
+May 29, 1873. She was elected president, the Reverends Mary H. Graves
+and Olympia Brown vice-presidents, Mrs. Bruce secretary. The Journal
+describes this meeting as "most harmonious and happy."
+
+In 1893, speaking of this time, she said:--
+
+"I find that it is just twenty years, last spring, since I made the
+first effort to gather in one body the women who intended to devote
+themselves to the ministry.
+
+"The new liberties of utterance which the discussion of woman suffrage
+had brought us seemed at this time not only to invite, but to urge upon
+us a participation in the advocacy of the most vital interests both of
+the individual and of the community. With some of us, this advocacy
+naturally took the form of preaching. Pulpits were offered us on all
+sides, and the charm of novelty lent itself to such merit and power as
+Nature had vouchsafed us. I am so much of a natural church-woman, I
+might say an ecclesiast, that I at once began to dream of a church of
+true womanhood. I felt how much the masculine administration of
+religious doctrine had overridden us women, and I felt how partial and
+one-sided a view of these matters had been inculcated by men, and handed
+down by man-revering mothers. Now, I thought, we have got hold of what
+is really wanting in the Church universal. We need to have the womanly
+side of religion represented. Without this representation, we shall not
+have the fulness of human thought for the things that most deeply
+concern it. As a first step, I undertook to hold religious services on
+Sunday afternoons, and to secure for them the assistance of as many
+woman preachers as I could hear of. I had in this undertaking the
+assistance of my valued friend, Reverend Mary H. Graves."
+
+The society thus formed was first called "The Woman's Church," later,
+"The Woman's Ministerial Conference." A second meeting was held, June 1,
+1874, but it was not till 1892 that this Conference was finally
+organized and established, to her great satisfaction. She was elected
+its president, and held the office till death.
+
+The secretary, Reverend Ada C. Bowles, says of this Conference: "As its
+main object was to promote a sense of fellowship, rather than to expect
+associated labor, owing to the scattered membership, meetings were not
+always regularly held, or possible. But it has held together because
+Mrs. Howe loved it, and had a secretary as loyal to her as she was to
+all the women ministers."
+
+She herself has said: "I was impressed with the importance of religious
+life, and believed in the power of association. I believed that women
+ministers would be less sectarian than men; and I thought that if those
+of different denominations could meet occasionally and compare notes, it
+would be of value."
+
+After the formal conference, she welcomed the members at her own house,
+talked with them, and heard of their doings. Her eyes kindled as she
+heard of the Wayside Chapel (of Malden, Massachusetts) built by its
+pastor, Mrs. E. M. Bruce, who was also its trustee, janitor, choir, and
+preacher; heard how for thirteen years this lady had rung the bell every
+evening for vesper service, and had never lacked a congregation: or of
+the other woman who was asked "very diffidently" if she would conduct
+the funeral services of an honest and upright man who had died of drink,
+owing to an inherited tendency.
+
+"They had expected to have it in the undertaker's rooms," said the
+Reverend Florence Buck, of Wisconsin, "but we had it in my own church.
+It was packed with people of all sorts, who had been interested in him;
+and the Bartenders' Union were there in a body.... It was an opportunity
+that I would not have given up to preach to the President and Senate of
+the United States. Next day ... they said, 'We expected she'd wallop us
+to hell; but she talked to us like a mother!'"
+
+Then she turned to the president, and said, "The woman minister is often
+lonely. I want to thank Mrs. Howe, who welcomed me at the beginning of
+my ministry. Her hand-clasp has stayed with me ever since."
+
+Our mother was never ordained: it is doubtful whether she ever
+contemplated such a step; but she felt herself consecrated to the work;
+wherever she was asked to preach, she went as if on wings, feeling this
+call more sacred than any other. She preached in all parts of the
+country, from Maine to California, from Minnesota to Louisiana; but the
+pulpit in which she felt most truly at home was that of the Church of
+the Disciples. Mr. Clarke had first welcomed her there: his successor,
+Charles Gordon Ames, became in turn her valued friend and pastor.
+
+The congregation were all her friends. On Sundays they gathered round
+her after service, with greetings and kind words. She was ready enough
+to respond. "Congregationing," as she called this little function, was
+her delight; after listening devoutly to the sermon, there was always a
+reaction to her gayest mood. Her spirit came to church with folded hands
+of prayer, but departed on dancing feet. Sometimes she reproached
+herself with over-friskiness; but mostly she was too wise for this, and
+let the sun shine when and where it would.
+
+She preached many times in the Church of the Disciples. The white-clad
+figure, the clasped hands, the upturned face shining with the inner
+light, will be remembered by some who read these pages.
+
+
+END OF VOLUME I
+
+
+
+
+  JULIA WARD HOWE
+
+  1819-1910
+
+  VOLUME II
+
+
+
+
+CONTENTS VOLUME II
+
+
+  I. EUROPE REVISITED. 1877                                         3
+
+  II. A ROMAN WINTER. 1878-1879                                    28
+
+  III. NEWPORT. 1879-1882                                          46
+
+  IV. 241 BEACON STREET: THE NEW ORLEANS EXPOSITION. 1882-1885     80
+
+  V. MORE CHANGES. 1886-1888                                      115
+
+  VI. SEVENTY YEARS YOUNG. 1889-1890                              143
+
+  VII. A SUMMER ABROAD. 1892-1893                                 164
+
+  VIII. "DIVERS GOOD CAUSES." 1890-1896                           186
+
+  IX. IN THE HOUSE OF LABOR. 1896-1897                            214
+
+  X. THE LAST ROMAN WINTER. 1897-1898                             237
+
+  XI. EIGHTY YEARS. 1899-1900                                     258
+
+  XII. STEPPING WESTWARD. 1901-1902                               282
+
+  XIII. LOOKING TOWARD SUNSET. 1903-1905                          308
+
+  XIV. "THE SUNDOWN SPLENDID AND SERENE." 1906-1907               342
+
+  XV. "MINE EYES HAVE SEEN THE GLORY OF THE COMING OF THE LORD."
+            1808-1910                                             369
+
+
+
+
+JULIA WARD HOWE
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER I
+
+EUROPE REVISITED
+
+1877; _aet._ 58
+
+A MOMENT'S MEDITATION IN COLOGNE CATHEDRAL
+
+  Enter Life's high cathedral
+    With reverential heart,
+  Its lofty oppositions
+    Matched with divinest art.
+
+  Thought with its other climbing
+    To meet and blend on high;
+  Man's mortal and immortal
+    Wed for eternity.
+
+  When noon's high mass is over,
+    Muse in the silent aisles;
+  Wait for the coming vespers
+    In which new promise smiles.
+
+  When from the dome height echoes
+    An "_Ite, missa est_,"
+  Whisper thy last thanksgiving,
+    Depart, and take thy rest.
+
+                               J. W. H.
+
+
+From the time of the Doctor's death till her marriage in 1887, the
+youngest daughter was her mother's companion and yoke-fellow. In all
+records of travel, of cheer, of merriment, she can say thankfully: "_Et
+ego in Arcadia vixi_."
+
+The spring of 1877 found the elder comrade weary with much lecturing and
+presiding, the younger somewhat out of health. Change of air and scene
+was prescribed, and the two sailed for Europe early in May.
+
+Throughout the journeyings which followed, our mother had two objects in
+view: to see her own kind of people, the seekers, the students, the
+reformers, and their works; and to give Maud the most vivid first
+impression of all that would be interesting and valuable to her. These
+objects were not always easy to combine.
+
+After a few days at Chester (where she laments the "restoration" of the
+fine old oak of the cathedral, "now shining like new, after a boiling in
+potash") and a glimpse of Hawarden and Warwick, they proceeded to London
+and took lodgings in Bloomsbury (a quarter of high fashion when she
+first knew London, now given over to lodgings). Once settled, she lost
+no time in establishing relations with friends old and new. The
+Unitarian Association was holding its annual conference; one of the
+first entries in the Journal tells of her attending the Unitarian
+breakfast where she spoke about "the poor children and the Sunday
+schools."
+
+Among her earliest visitors was Charles Stewart Parnell, of whom she
+says:--
+
+"Mrs. Delia Stewart Parnell, whom I had known in America, had given me a
+letter of introduction to her son, Charles, who was already conspicuous
+as an advocate of Home Rule for Ireland. He called upon me and appointed
+a day when I should go with him to the House of Commons. He came in his
+brougham and saw me safely deposited in the ladies' gallery. He was then
+at the outset of his stormy career, and his sister Fanny told me that he
+had in Parliament but one supporter of his views, 'a man named Biggar.'
+He certainly had admirers elsewhere, for I remember having met a
+disciple of his, O'Connor by name, at a 'rout' given by Mrs. Justin
+McCarthy. I asked this lady if her husband agreed with Mr. Parnell. She
+replied with warmth, 'Of course; we are all Home Rulers here.'"
+
+
+"_May 26._ To Floral Hall concert, where heard Patti--and many others--a
+good concert. In the evening to Lord Houghton's, where made acquaintance
+of Augustus Hare, author of 'Memorials of a Quiet Life,' etc., with Mrs.
+Proctor, Mrs. Singleton [Violet Fane], Dr. and Mrs. Schliemann, and
+others, among them Edmund Yates. Lord Houghton was most polite and
+attentive. Robert Browning was there."
+
+
+Whistler was of the party that evening. His hair was then quite black,
+and the curious white forelock which he wore combed high like a feather,
+together with his striking dress, made him one of the most conspicuous
+figures in the London of that day. Henry Irving came in late: "A rather
+awkward man, whose performance of 'Hamlet' was much talked of at that
+time." She met the Schliemanns often, and heard Mrs. Schliemann speak
+before the Royal Geographical Society, where she made a plea for the
+modern pronunciation of Greek. In order to help her husband in his work,
+Mrs. Schliemann told her, she had committed to memory long passages from
+Homer which proved of great use to him in his researches at Mycenae and
+Tiryns.
+
+"_May 27...._ Met Mr. and Mrs. Wood--he has excavated the ruins at
+Ephesus, and has found the site of the Temple of Diana. His wife has
+helped him in his work, and having some practical experience in the use
+of remedies, she gave much relief to the sick men and women of the
+country."
+
+"_June 2._ Westminster Abbey at 2 P.M. ... I enjoyed the service,
+Mendelssohn's 'Hymn of Praise,' Dean Stanley's sermon, and so on, very
+unusually. Edward Twisleton seemed to come back to me, and so did dear
+Chev, and a spiritual host of blessed ones who have passed within the
+veil...."
+
+"_June 14._ Breakfast with Mr. Gladstone. Grosvenor Gallery with the
+Seeleys. Prayer meeting at Lady Gainsborough's.
+
+"We were a little early, for Mrs. Gladstone complained that the flowers
+ordered from her country seat had but just arrived. A daughter of the
+house proceeded to arrange them. Breakfast was served at two round
+tables, exactly alike.
+
+"I was glad to find myself seated between the great man and the Greek
+minister, John Gennadius. The talk ran a good deal upon Hellenics, and I
+spoke of the influence of the Greek in the formation of the Italian
+language, to which Mr. Gladstone did not agree. I know that scholars
+differ on the point, but I still retain the opinion I expressed. I
+ventured a timid remark regarding the number of Greek derivatives used
+in our common English speech. Mr. Gladstone said very abruptly, 'How?
+What? English words derived from Greek?' and almost
+
+  'Frightened Miss Muffet away.'
+
+"He is said to be habitually disputatious, and I thought that this must
+certainly be the case; for he surely knew better than most people how
+largely and familiarly we incorporate the words of Plato, Aristotle, and
+Xenophon in our everyday talk."[78]
+
+  [78] _Reminiscences_, pp. 411 and 412.
+
+
+Mr. Gladstone was still playing the first role on the stage of London
+life. Our mother notes hearing him open the discussion that followed
+Mrs. Schliemann's address before the Royal Geographical Society. Lord
+Rosebery, who was at that time Mr. Gladstone's private secretary, talked
+much of his chief, for whom he expressed impassioned devotion. Rosebery,
+though he must have been a man past thirty at the time, looked a mere
+boy. His affection for "Uncle Sam" Ward was as loyal as that for his
+chief, and it was on his account that he paid our mother some attention
+when she was in London.
+
+She always remembered this visit as one of the most interesting of the
+many she made to the "province in brick." She was driving three horses
+abreast,--her own life, Maud's life, the life of London. She often spoke
+of the great interest of seeing so many different circles of London
+society; likening it to a layer cake, which a fortunate stranger is able
+to cut through, enjoying a little of each. Her modest Bloomsbury
+lodgings were often crowded by the leaders of the world of letters,
+philanthropy, and art, and some even of the world of fashion. The little
+lodging-house "slavey" was often awed by the titles on the cards she
+invariably presented between a work-worn thumb and finger. It is
+curious to contrast the brief record of these days with that of the
+Peace Crusade.
+
+
+"_June 10._ To morning service at the Foundling Hospital--very touching.
+To luncheon with M. G. D. where met the George Howards."
+
+"_June 15...._ 'Robert' [opera] with Richard Mansfield."
+
+"_June 18._ Synagogue."
+
+"_June 19._ Lord Mayor's Mansion House. I am to speak there concerning
+Laura Bridgman. Henry James may come to take me to St. Bart.'s
+Hospital."
+
+"_June 25._ 'Messiah.' Miss Bryce."
+
+"_June 26._ Dined with Capt. Ward. Theatre. Justin McCarthy."
+
+"_June 28._ Meeting in Lambeth Library."
+
+"_June 29._ Russell Gurney's garden party.
+
+"Miss Marston's, Onslow Sq., 4 P.M. Anti-vivisection. Met Dudley
+Campbell. A day of rest, indeed. I wrote out my anti-vivisection
+argument for to-morrow, and finished the second letter to the Chicago
+'Tribune.' Was thus alone nearly all day. Dined at Brentini's in my old
+fashion, chop, tea, and beer, costing one shilling and fivepence."
+
+
+She remembered with pleasure an evening spent with the Duke and Duchess
+of Devonshire at Devonshire House. A ball at Mr. Goschen's was another
+evening of enchantment, as was also the dinner given for her at
+Greenwich by Edmund Yates, where she had a good talk with Mr. Mallock,
+whose "New Republic" was one of the books of that season. She managed,
+too, sometimes to be at home; among her visitors were William Black,
+John Richard Green, and Mr. Knowles, editor of the "Nineteenth Century."
+
+The London visit lasted nearly two months; as the engagements multiply,
+its records grow briefer and briefer. There are many entries like the
+following:--
+
+"Breakfast with Lord Houghton, where met Lord Granville and M.
+Waddington, late Minister of Education in France. Garden party at
+Chiswick in the afternoon. Prince of Wales there with his eldest son,
+Prince Albert Victor. Mrs. Julian Goldsmith's ball in the evening."
+
+It is remembered that she bravely watched the dancers foot it through
+the livelong night, and drove home by daylight, with her "poor dancing
+Maud"!
+
+Madame Waddington was formerly Miss King, the granddaughter of Mr.
+Ward's old partner. Our mother was always interested in meeting any
+descendants of Prime, Ward & King.
+
+With all this, she was writing letters for the Chicago "Tribune" and the
+"Woman's Journal." This year of 1877 saw the height of the AEsthetic
+movement. Mrs. Langtry, the "Jersey Lily," was the beauty and toast of
+the season. Gilbert and Sullivan's "Patience" was the dramatic hit of
+the year, and "Greenery yallery, Grosvenor Gallery" the most popular
+catch of the day.
+
+She found it hard to tear herself away from England; the visit (which
+she likened to one at the house of an adored grandmother) was over all
+too soon. But July was almost gone; and the two travellers finally left
+the enchanted island for Holland, recalling Emerson's advice to one
+going abroad for the first time: "A year for England, and a year for the
+rest of the world!"
+
+The much neglected Journal now takes up the story.
+
+The great Franz Hals pictures delighted her beyond measure. She always
+bought the best reproductions she could afford, and valued highly an
+etching that she owned from his Bohemienne. She never waited for any
+authority to admire either a work of art or a person. She had much to
+say about the influence of the Dutch blood both in our own family and in
+our country, which was to her merely a larger family connection. All
+through Holland she was constantly noting customs and traditions which
+we seemed to have inherited; and she felt a great likeness and sympathy
+between herself and some of the Dutch people she knew.
+
+
+"_The Hague._ To the old prison where the instruments of torture are
+preserved. The prison itself is so dark and bare that to stay therein
+was a living death. To this was often added the most cruel torture. The
+poor wretch was stretched on a cross, on which revolving wheels, turned
+by a crank, agonized and destroyed his spinal column--or, by another
+machine, his head and feet were drawn in opposite directions--or, his
+limbs were stretched out and every bone broken with an iron bar.
+Tortures of fire and water were added. Through all these horrors, I saw
+the splendors of faith and conscience which illuminated these dungeons,
+and which enabled frail humanity to bear these inflictions without
+flinching."
+
+She always wanted to see the torture chambers. She listened to all the
+detailed explanations and looked at all the dreadful instruments, buoyed
+up by the thought of the splendors she speaks of, when mere shrinking
+flesh-and-blood creatures like her companion, who only thought of the
+poor tortured bodies, could not bear the strain of it.
+
+From The Hague they went to Amsterdam, where they "worked hard at seeing
+the rich museum, which contains some of the largest and best of
+Rembrandt's pictures, and much else of interest"; thence to Antwerp.
+Here she writes:--
+
+"To the Museum, where saw the glorious Rubens and Van Dycks, together
+with the Quentin Matsys triptych. Went to the Cathedral, and saw the
+dear Rubens pictures--my Christ in the Elevation of the Cross seemed to
+me as wonderful as ever. The face asks, 'Why hast thou forsaken me?' but
+seems also to reflect the answer, from the very countenance of the
+Father. Education of the Virgin by Rubens--angels hold a garland above
+the studious head of the young Madonna. This would be a good picture for
+Vassar."
+
+"_Sunday, July 29._ Up betimes--to high mass at the Cathedral. Had a
+seat near the Descent, and saw it better than ever before. Could not see
+the Elevation so well, but feasted my eyes on both. Went later to the
+church of St. Paul where Rubens's Flagellation is. Found it very
+beautiful. At 4 P.M. M. Felu[79] came to take us to the Zoo, which is
+uncommonly good. The collection of beasts from Africa is very rich. They
+are also successful in raising wild beasts, having two elephants, a
+tiger, and three giraffes which have been born in the cages--some young
+lions also. The captive lioness always destroyed her young, and these
+were saved by being given to a dog to nurse...."
+
+  [79] The armless painter. See _ante_, vol. I, chap. XII.
+
+
+August found the travellers in Prussia.
+
+"Passed the day in Berlin.... At night took railroad for Czerwinsk,
+travelling second-class. After securing our seats, as we supposed, we
+left the cars to get some refreshments, when a man and a woman displaced
+our effects, and took our places. The woman refused to give me my place,
+and annoyed me by pushing and crowding me."
+
+The brutality of this couple was almost beyond belief. She was always so
+gracious to fellow-travellers that they usually "made haste to be kind"
+in return. She made it a point to converse with the intelligent-looking
+people she met, either in the train or at the _tables d'hote_ then still
+in vogue. She talked with these chance acquaintances of their country or
+their profession. It was never mere idle conversation.
+
+This journey across Europe was undertaken solely for the pleasure of
+seeing her sister, always her first object in visiting Europe. The bond
+between them was very strong, spite of the wide difference of their
+natures and the dissimilarity of their interests. Mrs. Terry was now
+visiting her eldest daughter, Annie Crawford, married to Baron Eric von
+Rabe and living at Lesnian in German Poland. Baron Eric had served in
+the Franco-Prussian War with distinction, had been seriously wounded,
+and obliged to retire from active service. Here was an entirely new
+social atmosphere, the most conservative in Europe. Even before the
+travellers arrived, the shadow of formality had fallen upon them; for
+Mrs. Terry had written begging that they would arrive by "first-class"!
+At that time the saying was, "Only princes, Americans, and fools travel
+first-class," and our mother's rule had been to travel second. The
+journey was already a great expense, and the added cost seemed to her
+useless. Accordingly, she bought second-class tickets to a neighboring
+station and first-class ones from there to Czerwinsk. This entailed
+turning out in the middle of the night and waiting an hour for the
+splendid express carrying the stiff and magnificently upholstered
+first-class carriages, whose red plush seats and cushions were nothing
+like so comfortable as the old grey, cloth-lined, second-class
+carriages!
+
+Still, the travellers arrived looking as proud as they could, wearing
+their best frocks and bonnets. They travelled with the Englishwoman's
+outfit. "Three suits. Hightum, tightum, and scrub." "Hightum" was for
+any chance festivity, "tightum" for the _table d'hote_, "scrub" for
+everyday travelling. The question of the three degrees was anxiously
+discussed on this occasion; it was finally decided that only "hightum"
+would come up to the Von Rabe standard.
+
+"_August 4._ Arrived at Czerwinsk, where sister L. and Baron von Rabe
+met us. He kissed my hand in a courtly manner. My sister looks well, but
+has had a hard time. We drove to Lesnian where Annie von R. and her
+mother-in-law made us welcome."
+
+"_August 9, Lesnian._ A quiet day at home, writing and some work. Tea
+with Sister L. in the open air. Then went with Baron von Rabe to visit
+his farm buildings, which are very extensive; not so nicely finished as
+would be the case in America. We got many fleas in our clothes.... In
+the evening the Baron began to dispute with me concerning the French and
+the use and excellence of war, etc...."
+
+"_August 12._ Up early--to Czerwinsk and thence by Dirschau to
+Marienburg to see the famous Ritterschloss of the Teutonic Knights....
+Marien-Kirch.... Angel Michael weighing the souls, a triptych--the good
+in right wing received by St. Peter and clothed by angels, the wicked in
+the other wing going down. The beautiful sheen of the Archangel--like
+peacock brightness--a devil with butterfly wings."
+
+"_August 14._ In the church yesterday we were shown five holes in a flat
+tombstone. They say that a parricide was buried beneath this stone, and
+the fingers of his hand forced themselves through these holes. They
+showed us this hand, dried, and hung up in a chapel. Here also we saw a
+piece of embroidery in fine pearls, formerly belonging to the Catholic
+service, and worth thousands of dollars. Some very ancient priests'
+garments, with Arabic designs, were said to have been brought from the
+East by the Crusaders. An astronomic clock is shown in the church. The
+man who made it set about making another, but was made blind lest he
+should do so. By and by, pretending that he must repair or regulate
+something in the clock, he so puts it out of order that it never goes
+again.
+
+"The amber-merchant--the felt shoes--views of America--the lecture--the
+Baltic."
+
+
+She was enchanted with Dantzig. The ancient Polish Jews in their long
+cloth gabardines, with their hair dressed in two curls worn in front of
+the ear and hanging down on either side of the face, showed her how
+Shylock must have looked. She was far more interested in the relics of
+the old Polish civilization than in the crude, brand-new Prussian regime
+which was replacing it; but this did not suit her hosts. The peasants
+who worked on the estate were all Poles; the relations between them and
+their employer smacked strongly of serfdom. One very intelligent man,
+who often drove her, was called Zalinski. It struck her that this man
+might be related to her friend Lieutenant Zalinski, of the United States
+Army. She asked him if he had any relatives in America. He replied that
+a brother of his had gone to America many years before. He seemed deeply
+interested in the conversation and tried once or twice to renew it. One
+of the family, who was driving with our mother at the time, managed to
+prevent any more talk about the American Zalinski, and when the drive
+was over she was seriously called to account.
+
+"Can you not see that it would be extremely unfortunate if one of our
+servants should learn that any relative of his could possibly be a
+friend of one of our guests?"
+
+She was never allowed to see Zalinski again; on inquiring for him, she
+learned that he had been sent to a fair with horses to sell. He did not
+return to Lesnian during the remainder of her stay.
+
+One of the picturesque features of the visit was the celebration of
+Baron Eric's birthday. It was a general holiday, and no work was done on
+the estate. After breakfast family and guests assembled in front of the
+old chateau; the baron, a fine, soldierly-looking man, his wife, the
+most graceful of women, and the only daughter, a lovely little girl with
+the well-chiselled Crawford features. The peasants, dressed in their
+best, assembled in procession in the driveway; one by one, in order of
+their age or position, they came up the steps, presented the Baroness
+with a bouquet, bent the knee and kissed the hand of Baron and Baroness.
+To most of the guests the picture was full of Old-World romance and
+charm. To one it was an offence. That the granddaughter of her father,
+the child of her adored sister, should have been placed by fate in this
+feudal relationship to the men and women by whose labor she lived
+outraged her democratic soul.
+
+The Journal thus describes the days at Lesnian:--
+
+"The Baron talked much last evening, first about his crops, then about
+other matters. He believes duelling to be the most efficient agency in
+promoting a polite state of society. Would kill any one whom he
+suspected of great wrong much sooner than bring him to justice. The law,
+he says, is slow and uncertain--the decision of the sword much more
+effectual. The present Government favors duelling. If he should kill
+some one in a duel, he would have two months of imprisonment only. He
+despises the English as a nation of merchants. The old German knights
+seem to be his models. With these barbarous opinions, he seems to be
+personally an amiable and estimable man. Despises University education,
+in whose course he might have come in contact with the son of a
+carpenter, or small shopkeeper--he himself went to a Gymnase, with sons
+of gentlemen...."
+
+"Everything in the Junkerschaft[80] bristles for another war. Oscar von
+Rabe's room, in which I now write, contains only books of military
+drill.
+
+  [80] The Prussian aristocracy.
+
+"This day we visited the schoolhouse--session over, air of the room
+perfectly fetid. Schoolmaster, whom we did not see, a Pole--his sister
+could speak no German. Tattered primers in German. Visited the Jew, who
+keeps the only shop in Lesnian. Found a regular country assortment. He
+very civil. _Gasthaus_ opposite, a shanty, with a beer-glass, coffee-cup
+and saucer rudely painted on its whitewashed boards. Shoemaker in a damp
+hovel, with mahogany furniture, quite handsome. He made me a salaam with
+both hands raised to his head."
+
+"We went to call upon Herr von Rohr, at Schenskowkhan--an extensive
+estate. I had put on my Cheney silk and my bonnet as a great parade.
+Our host showed us his house, his books and engravings--he has several
+etchings by Rembrandt. Herr von Mechlenberg, public librarian of
+Koenigsberg, a learned little old man, trotted round with us. We had
+coffee and waffles. Mechlenberg considers the German tongue a very
+ancient one, an original language, not patched up like French and
+English, of native dialects mingled with Latin."
+
+In one of her letters to the Chicago "Tribune" is a significant passage
+written from Lesnian:--
+
+"Having seen in one of the Dantzig papers the announcement that a
+certain Professor Blank would soon deliver a lecture upon America,
+showing the folly of headlong emigration thither and the ill fortune
+which many have wrought for themselves thereby, one of us remarked to a
+Dantziger that in such a lecture many untruths would probably be
+uttered. Our friend replied, with a self-gratulatory laugh, 'Ah, Madame!
+We Germans know all about the women of America. A German woman is
+devoted to her household, its care and management; but the American
+women all force their husbands to live in hotels in order that they may
+have no trouble in housekeeping.'"
+
+She was as sensitive to criticism of her country as some people are to
+criticism of their friends. Throughout her stay in Germany she suffered
+from the captious and provoking tone of the Prussian press about things
+American.
+
+Even in the churches she met this note of unfriendliness. She took the
+trouble to transcribe in her Journal an absurd newspaper story.
+
+  "An American Woman of Business
+
+"Some little time since, a man living near Niagara Falls had the
+misfortune to fall from the bridge leading to Goat's Island. [Berlin
+paper says _Grat_ Island.] He was immediately hurried to the edge of the
+fearful precipice. Here, he was able to cling to a ledge of rock, and to
+support himself for half an hour, until his unavoidable fate overtook
+him. A compassionate and excited multitude rushed to the shore, and into
+the house, where the unhappy wife was forced to behold the death
+struggle of her husband, lost beyond all rescue, this spot yielding the
+best view of the scene of horror. The 'excellent' wife had too much
+coolness to allow this opportunity of making money to escape her, but
+collected from every person present one dollar for window rent.
+(Berliner _Fremdenblatt_, Sunday, August 26, 1877.)"
+
+
+The stab was from a two-edged sword; she loved profoundly the great
+German writers and composers. She was ever conscious of the debt she
+owed to Germany's poets, philosophers, and musicians. Goethe had been
+one of her earliest sources of inspiration, Kant her guide through many
+troublous years; Beethoven was like some great friend whose hand had led
+her along the heights, when her feet were bleeding from the stones of
+the valley. These were the Germans she knew; her Germany was theirs. Now
+she came in contact with this new _Junker_ Germany, this harsh,
+military, unlovely country where Bismarck was the ruling spirit, and
+Von Moltke the idol of the hour. It was a rough awakening for one who
+had lived in the gentler Fatherland of Schiller and of Schubert.
+
+
+"_August 31, Berlin._ Up early, and with carriage to see the review....
+A great military display. The Emperor punctual at 10. '_Guten Morgen!_'
+shouted the troops when he came. The Crown Princess on horseback with a
+blue badge, Hussar cap. The kettle-drum man had his reins hitched, one
+on either foot, guiding his horse in this way, and beating his drums
+with both hands...."
+
+
+The Crown Princess, later the Empress Frederick, daughter of Queen
+Victoria, and mother of the present German Emperor, was the honorary
+colonel of the hussar regiment whose uniform she wore, with the addition
+of a plain black riding-skirt. Civilization owes this lady a debt that
+cannot be paid save in grateful remembrance. During the Franco-Prussian
+War she frequently telegraphed to the German officers commanding in
+France, urging them to spare the works of art in the conquered country.
+Through her efforts the studios of Rosa Bonheur and other famous
+painters escaped destruction.
+
+
+The early part of September was spent in Switzerland. Chamounix filled
+the travellers with delight. They walked up the Brevant, rode to the Mer
+de Glace on muleback. The great feature, however, of this visit to
+Switzerland was the Geneva Congress, called by Mrs. Josephine Butler to
+protest against the legalizing of vice in England.
+
+
+"At the Congress to-day--spoke in French.... I spoke of the two sides,
+active and passive, of human nature, and of the tendency of the
+education given to women to exaggerate the passive side of their
+character, whereby they easily fall victims to temptation. Spoke of the
+exercise of the intellectual faculties as correcting these
+tendencies--education of women in America--progress made. Coeducation
+and the worthier relations it induces between young men and women. Said,
+where society thinks little of women, it teaches them to think little of
+themselves. Said of marriage, that Milton's doctrine, 'He for God only,
+she for God in him,' was partial and unjust. '_Ce Dieu, il faut le
+mettre entre les deux, de maniere que chacun des deux appartienne
+premierement a Dieu, puis tous les deux l'un a l'autre._'"
+
+"Wish to take up what Blank said to-day of the superiority of man. Woman
+being created second. That is no mark of inferiority. Shall say, this
+doctrine of inequality very dangerous. Inferior position, inferior
+education, legal status, etc. Doctrine of morality quite opposite. If
+wife patient and husband not, wife superior--if wife chaste, husband
+not, wife superior. Each indispensable to each other, and to the whole.
+Gentlemen, where would you have been if we had not cradled and tended
+you?"
+
+"_Congress...._ Just before the end of the meeting Mr. Stuart came to me
+and said that Mrs. Butler wished me to speak for five minutes. After
+some hesitation I said that I would try. Felt much annoyed at being
+asked so late. Went up to the platform and did pretty well in French.
+The audience applauded, laughing a little at some points. In fact, my
+little speech was a decided success with the French-speaking part of the
+audience. Two or three Englishwomen who understood very little of it
+found fault with me for occasioning laughter. To the banquet...."
+
+"_September 23._ This morning Mrs. Sheldon Ames and her brother came to
+ask whether I would go to Germany on a special mission. Miss Bolte also
+wished me to go to Baden Baden to see the Empress of Germany."
+
+"_September 24._ A conference of Swiss and English women at 11 A.M. A
+sister of John Stuart Mill spoke, like the other English ladies, in very
+bad French. '_Nous femmes_' said she repeatedly. She seemed a good
+woman, but travelled far from the subject of the meeting, which was the
+work to be done to carry out what the Congress had suggested. Mrs.
+Blank, of Bristol, read a paper in the worst French I ever heard.
+'_Ouvrager_' for '_travailler_' was one of her mistakes."
+
+
+In spite of some slight criticisms on the management of this Congress,
+she was heart and soul in sympathy with its object; and until the last
+day of her life, never ceased to battle for the higher morality which at
+all costs protests against the legalizing of vice.
+
+Before leaving Geneva she writes:--
+
+"To Ferney in omnibus. The little church with its inscription '_Deo
+erexit Voltaire_,' and the date.... I remember visiting Ferney with dear
+Chev; remember that he did not wish me to see the model [of Madame Du
+Chatelet's monument] lest it should give me gloomy thoughts about my
+condition--she died in childbirth, and the design represents her with
+her infant bursting the tomb."
+
+
+October found the travellers in Paris, the elder still intent on affairs
+of study and reform, the younger grasping eagerly at each new wonder or
+beauty.
+
+There were meetings of the Academy of Fine Arts, the Institute of
+France, the Court of Assizes: teachers' meetings, too, and dinners with
+deaconesses (whom she found a pleasant combination of cheerfulness and
+gravity), and with friends who took her to the theatre.
+
+"To Palais de Justice. Court of Assizes--a young man to be condemned for
+an offence against a girl of ten or twelve, and then to be tried for
+attempt to kill his brother and brother-in-law....
+
+"We were obliged to leave before the conclusion of the trial, but
+learned that its duration was short, ending in a verdict of guilty, and
+sentence of death. In the days that followed our thoughts often visited
+this unfortunate man in his cell, so young, apparently without
+friends--his nearest relatives giving evidence against him, and, in
+fact, bringing the suit that cost his life. It seems less than Mosaic
+justice to put a man to death for a murder which, though attempted, was
+not actually committed. A life for a life is the old doctrine. This is a
+life for an attempt upon a life."
+
+An essay on Paris, written soon after, recalls further memories. She
+visited the French Parliament, and was surprised at the noise and
+excitement which prevailed.
+
+"The presiding officer agitates his bell again and again, to no purpose.
+He constantly cries, in piteous tone: 'Gentlemen, a little silence, if
+you please.'"
+
+She tells how "one of the ushers with great pride pointed out Victor
+Hugo in his seat," and says further:
+
+"I have seen this venerable man of letters several times,--once in his
+own house.... We were first shown into an anteroom, and presently into a
+small drawing-room. The venerable viscount kissed my hand ... with the
+courtesy belonging to other times. He was of middle height, reasonably
+stout. His eyes were dark and expressive, and his hair and beard were
+snow-white. Several guests were present.... Victor Hugo seated himself
+alone upon a sofa, and talked to no one. While the rest of the company
+kept up a desultory conversation, a servant announced M. Louis Blanc,
+and our expectations were raised only to be immediately lowered, for at
+this announcement Victor Hugo arose and withdrew into another room, from
+which we were able to hear the two voices in earnest conversation...."
+
+"_November 27._ Packing to leave Paris to-night for Turin. The blanks
+left in my diary do not mark idle days. I have been exceedingly busy,
+... have written at least five newspaper letters, and some other
+correspondence. Grieved this morning over the time wasted at shop
+windows, in desiring foolish articles which I could not afford to buy,
+especially diamonds, which I do not need for my way of life. Yet I have
+had more good from my stay in Paris than this empty Journal would
+indicate. Have seen many earnest men and women--have delivered a lecture
+in French--have started a club of English and American women students,
+for which _Deo gratias!_ Farewell, dear Paris, God keep and save thee!"
+
+
+She mentions this club in the "Reminiscences." "I found in Paris a
+number of young women, students of art and medicine, who appeared to
+lead very isolated lives and to have little or no acquaintance with one
+another. The need of a point of social union for these young people
+appearing to me very great, I invited a few of them to meet me at my
+lodgings. After some discussion we succeeded in organizing a small club,
+which, I am told, still exists.... [If we are not mistaken, this small
+club was a mustard seed which in time grew into the goodly tree of the
+American Girls' Club.] I was invited several times to speak while in
+Paris.... I spoke in French without notes.... Before leaving Paris I was
+invited to take part in a congress of woman's rights. It was deemed
+proper to elect two presidents for this occasion, and I had the honor of
+being chosen as one of them....
+
+"Somewhat in contrast with these sober doings was a ball given by the
+artist Healy at his residence. I had told Mrs. Healy in jest that I
+should insist upon dancing with her husband. Soon after my entrance she
+said to me, 'Mrs. Howe, your quadrille is ready for you. See what
+company you are to have.' I looked and beheld General Grant and M.
+Gambetta, who led out Mrs. Grant, while her husband had Mrs. Healy for
+his partner in the quadrille of honor.... Marshal MacMahon was at this
+time President of the French Republic. I attended an evening reception
+given by him in honor of General and Mrs. Grant. Our host was supposed
+to be at the head of the Bonapartist faction, and I heard some rumors of
+an intended _coup d'etat_ which should bring back imperialism and place
+Plon-Plon [the nickname for Prince Napoleon] on the throne.... I
+remember Marshal MacMahon as a man of medium height, with no very
+distinguishing feature. He was dressed in uniform and wore many
+decorations."
+
+During this visit to Paris, our mother consorted largely with the men
+and women she had met at the Geneva Congress. She takes leave of Paris
+with these words: "Better than the filled trunk and empty purse, which
+usually mark a return from Paris, will be a full heart and a hand
+clasping across the water another hand pure and resolute as itself."
+
+
+The two comrades journeyed southward by way of Turin, Milan, and Verona.
+Of the last place the Journal says:--
+
+"Busy in Verona--first, amphitheatre, with its numerous cells, those of
+the wild beasts wholesomely lighted and aired, those of the prisoners,
+dark and noisome and often without light of any kind.... Then to the
+tombs of the Scaligers--grim and beautiful. Can Signoria who killed his
+brother was the last. Can Grande, Dante's host."
+
+In Verona she was full of visions of the great poet whose exile she
+describes in the poem called, "The Price of the Divina Commedia." One
+who met her there remembers the extraordinary vividness of her
+impressions. It was as if she had seen and talked with Dante, had heard
+from his own lips how hard it was to eat the salt and go up and down the
+stairs of others.
+
+From Verona to Venice, thence to Bologna. Venice was an old friend
+always revisited with delight. Bologna was new to her; here she found
+traces of the notable women of its past. In the University she was shown
+the recitation room where the beautiful female professor of anatomy is
+said to have given her lectures from behind a curtain, in order that the
+students' attention should not be distracted from her words of wisdom by
+her beauty. In the picture gallery she found out the work of Elisabetta
+Sirani, one of the good painters of the Bolognese school.
+
+And now, after twenty-seven years, her road led once more to Rome.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER II
+
+A ROMAN WINTER
+
+1878-1879; _aet._ 59-60
+
+JANUARY 9, 1878
+
+  A voice of sorrow shakes the solemn pines
+  Within the borders of the Apennines;
+  A sombre vision veils the evening red,
+  A shuddering whisper says: the King is dead.
+
+        Low lies he near the throne
+  That strange desert and fortune made his own;
+  And at his life's completion, from his birth
+  In one fair record, men recount his worth.
+
+        Chief of the Vatican!
+  Heir of the Peter who his Lord denied,
+  Not of the faith which that offence might hide,
+  Boast not, "I live, while he is coldly laid."
+  Say rather, in the jostling mortal race
+  He first doth look on the All-father's face.
+  Life's triple crown absolved weareth he,
+  Clear Past, sad Present, fond Futurity.
+
+                                          J. W. H.
+
+The travellers arrived in Rome in good time for the Christmas dinner at
+Palazzo Odescalchi, where they found the Terrys and Marion Crawford. On
+December 31 our mother writes:--
+
+"The last day of a year whose beginning found me full of work and
+fatigue. Beginning for me in a Western railway car, it ends in a Roman
+palace--a long stretch of travel lying between. Let me here record that
+this year has brought me much good and pleasure, as well as some
+regrets. My European tour was undertaken for dear Maud's sake. It took
+me away from the dear ones at home, and from opportunities of work
+which I should have prized highly. I was President of the Woman's
+Congress, and to be absent not only from its meeting, but also from its
+preparatory work, caused me great regret. On the other hand, I saw
+delightful people in England, and have seen, besides the old remembered
+delights, many places which I never visited before.... I am now with my
+dear sister, around whom the shadows of existence deepen. I am glad to
+be with her; though I can do so little for her, she is doing very much
+for me."
+
+
+This was a season of extraordinary interest to one who had always loved
+Italy and pleaded for a generous policy toward her. Early in January it
+became known that King Victor Emanuel was dying. At the Vatican his
+life-long adversary Pius IX was wasting away with a mortal disease. It
+was a time of suspense. The two had fought a long and obstinate duel:
+which of them, people asked, would yield first to the conqueror on the
+pale horse? There were those among the "Blacks" of Rome who would have
+denied the last sacrament to the dying King. "No!" said Pio Nono; "he
+has always been a good Catholic; he shall not die without the
+sacrament!" On the 9th of January the King died, and "the ransomed land
+mourned its sovereign as with one heart."[81]
+
+  [81] _Reminiscences_, p. 423.
+
+
+"_January 12._ Have just been to see the new King [Umberto I] review the
+troops, and receive the oath of allegiance from the army. The King's
+horse was a fine light sorrel--he in full uniform, with light blue
+trousers. In Piazza del Independenza. We at the American Consulate. Much
+acclamation and waving of handkerchiefs. Went at 5 in the afternoon to
+see the dead King lying in state. His body was shown set on an inclined
+plane, the foreshortening disfigured his poor face dreadfully, making
+his heavy moustache to look as if it were his eyebrows. Behind him a
+beautiful ermine canopy reached nearly to the ceiling--below him the
+crown and sceptre on a cushion. Castellani's beautiful gold crown is to
+be buried with him."
+
+She says of the funeral:--
+
+"The monarch's remains were borne in a crimson coach of state, drawn by
+six horses. His own favorite war-horse followed, veiled in crape, the
+stirrups holding the King's boots and spurs, turned backward. Nobles and
+servants of great houses in brilliant costumes, bareheaded, carrying in
+their hands lighted torches of wax.... As the cortege swept by, I
+dropped my tribute of flowers.[82]..."
+
+  [82] _Reminiscences_, p. 423.
+
+"_January 19._ To Parliament, to see the mutual taking of oaths between
+the new King and the Parliament. Had difficulty in getting in. Sat on
+carpeted stair near Mrs. Carson. Queen came at two in the afternoon. Sat
+in a loggia ornamented with red velvet and gold. Her entrance much
+applauded. With her the little Prince of Naples,[83] her son; the Queen
+of Portugal, her sister-in-law; and Prince of Portugal, son of the
+latter. The King entered soon after two--he took the oath standing
+bareheaded, then signed some record of it. The oath was then
+administered to Prince Amadeo and Prince de Carignan, then in
+alphabetical order to the Senate and afterwards to the Deputies."
+
+  [83] The present King, Victor Emanuel III.
+
+A month later, Pio Nono laid down the burden of his years. She says of
+this:--
+
+"Pope Pius IX had reigned too long to be deeply mourned by his spiritual
+subjects, one of whom remarked in answer to condolence, 'I should think
+he had lived long enough!'"
+
+
+The winter passed swift as a dream, though not without anxieties. Roman
+fever was then the bane of American travellers, and while she herself
+suffered only from a slight indisposition, Maud was seriously ill. There
+was no time for her Journal, but some of the impressions of that
+memorable season are recorded in verse.
+
+  Sea, sky, and moon-crowned mountain, one fair world,
+  Past, Present, Future, one Eternity.
+  Divine and human and informing soul,
+  The mystic Trine thought never can resolve.
+
+One of the great pleasures of this Roman visit was the presence of her
+nephew Francis Marion Crawford. He was then twenty-three years old, and
+extremely handsome; some people thought him like the famous bas-relief
+of Antinous at the Villa Albano. The most genial and companionable of
+men, he devoted himself to his aunt and was her guide to the
+_trattoria_ where Goethe used to dine, to Tasso's Oak, to the
+innumerable haunts dedicated to the poets of every age, who have left
+their impress on the Eternal City.
+
+Our mother always loved acting. Her nearest approach to a professional
+appearance took place this winter. Madame Ristori was in Rome, and had
+promised to read at an entertainment in aid of some charity. She chose
+for her selection the scene from "Maria Stuart" where the unhappy Queen
+of Scots meets Elizabeth and after a fierce altercation triumphs over
+her. At the last moment the lady who was to impersonate Elizabeth fell
+ill. What was to be done? Some one suggested, "Mrs. Howe!" The
+"Reminiscences" tell how she was "pressed into the service," and how the
+last rehearsal was held while the musical part of the entertainment was
+going on. "Madame Ristori made me repeat my part several times,
+insisting that my manner was too reserved and would make hers appear
+extravagant. I did my best to conform to her wishes, and the reading was
+duly applauded."[84]
+
+  [84] _Reminiscences_, p. 425.
+
+Another performance was arranged in which Madame Ristori gave the
+sleep-walking scene from "Macbeth." The question arose as to who should
+take the part of the attendant.
+
+"Why not your sister?" said Ristori to Mrs. Terry. "No one could do it
+better!"
+
+In the spring, the travellers made a short tour in southern Italy. One
+memory of it is given in the following verses:--
+
+
+NEAR AMALFI
+
+  Hurry, hurry, little town,
+  With thy labor up and down.
+  Clang the forge and roll the wheels,
+  Spring the shuttle, twirl the reels.
+            Hunger comes.
+
+  Every woman with her hand
+  Shares the labor of the land;
+  Every child the burthen bears,
+  And the soil of labor wears.
+            Hunger comes.
+
+  In the shops of wine and oil
+  For the scanty house of toil;
+  Give just measure, housewife grave,
+  Thrifty shouldst thou be, and brave.
+            Hunger comes.
+
+  Only here the blind man lags,
+  Here the cripple, clothed with rags.
+  Such a motley Lazarus
+  Shakes his piteous cap at us.
+            Hunger comes.
+
+  Oh! could Jesus pass this way
+  Ye should have no need to pray.
+  He would go on foot to see
+  All your depths of misery.
+            Succor comes.
+
+  He would smooth your frowzled hair,
+  He would lay your ulcers bare,
+  He would heal as only can
+  Soul of God in heart of man.
+            Jesus comes.
+
+  Ah! my Jesus! still thy breath
+  Thrills the world untouched of death.
+  Thy dear doctrine showeth me
+  Here, God's loved humanity
+            Whose kingdom comes.
+
+The summer was spent in France; in November they sailed for Egypt.
+
+"_November 27, Egypt._ Land early this morning--a long flat strip at
+first visible. Then Arabs in a boat came on board. Then began a scene of
+unparalleled confusion, in the midst of which Cook's Arabian agent found
+me and got my baggage--helping us all through quietly, and with great
+saving of trouble.... A drive to see Pompey's Pillar and obelisk. A walk
+through the bazaar. Heat very oppressive. Delightful drive in the
+afternoon to the Antonayades garden and villa.... Mr. Antonayades was
+most hospitable, gave us great bouquets, and a basket of fruit."
+
+"_Cairo._ Walked out. A woman swung up and down in a box is
+brown-washing the wall of the hotel. She was drawn up to the top, quite
+a height, and gradually let down. Her dress was a dirty blue cotton
+gown, and under that a breech-cloth of dirty sackcloth. We were to have
+had an audience from the third Princess[85] this afternoon, and were
+nearly dressed for the palace when we were informed that the reception
+would take place to-morrow, when there will be a general reception, it
+being the first day of Bairam. Visit on donkey-back to the bazaars, and
+gallop; sunset most beautiful."
+
+  [85] The favorite wife of the Khedive.
+
+"Up early, and all agog for the palace. I wore my black velvet and all
+my [few] diamonds, also a white bonnet made by Julia McAllister[86] and
+trimmed with her lace and Miss Irwin's white lilacs. General Stone sent
+his carriage with _sais_ richly dressed. Reception was at Abdin
+Palace--row of black eunuchs outside, very grimy in aspect. Only women
+inside--dresses of bright pink and yellow satin, of orange silk, blue,
+lilac, white satin. Lady in waiting in blue silk and diamonds. In the
+hall they made us sit down, and brought us cigarettes in gilt saucers.
+We took a whiff, then went to the lady in waiting who took us into the
+room where the three princesses were waiting to receive us. They shook
+hands with us and made us sit down, seating themselves also. First and
+second Princesses on a sofa, I at their right in a fauteuil, on my left
+the third Princess. First in white brocaded satin, pattern very bright,
+pink flowers with green leaves. Second wore a Worth dress of corn
+brocade, trimmed with claret velvet; third in blue silk. All in
+stupendous diamonds. Chibouks brought which reached to the floor. We
+smoke, I poorly,--mine was badly lighted,--an attendant in satin brought
+a fresh coal and then the third Princess told me it was all right.
+Coffee in porcelain cups, the stands all studded with diamonds.
+Conversation rather awkward. Carried on by myself and the third
+Princess, who interpreted to the others. Where should we go from Cairo?
+Up the Nile, in January to Constantinople."
+
+  [86] A cousin who was of the party.
+
+"Achmed took me to see the women dance, in a house where a wedding is
+soon to take place. Dancing done by a one-eyed woman in purple and gold
+brocade--house large, but grimy with dirt and neglect. Men all in one
+room, women in another--several of them one-eyed, the singer blind--only
+instruments the earthenware drum and castanets worn like rings on the
+upper joints of the fingers. Arab cafe--the story-teller, the
+one-stringed violin...."
+
+"To the ball at the Abdin Palace. The girls looked charmingly. Maud
+danced all the night. The Khedive[87] made me quite a speech. He is a
+short, thickset man, looking about fifty, with grizzled hair and beard.
+He wore a fez, Frank dress, and a star on his breast. Tewfik Pasha, his
+son and heir, was similarly dressed. Consul Farman presented me to both
+of them. The suite of rooms is very handsome, but this is not the finest
+of the Khedive's palaces. Did not get home much before four in the
+morning. In the afternoon had visited the mosque of Sultan Abdul
+Hassan...."
+
+  [87] Ismail Pasha.
+
+
+After Cairo came a trip up the Nile, with all its glories and
+discomforts. Between marvel and marvel she read Herodotus and Mariette
+Bey assiduously.
+
+"_Christmas Day._ Cool wind. Native _reis_ of the boat has a brown
+woollen capote over his blue cotton gown, the hood drawn over his
+turban. A Christmas service. Rev. Mr. Stovin, English, read the lessons
+for the day and the litany. We sang 'Nearer, my God, to Thee,' and
+'Hark, the herald angels sing.' It was a good little time. My thoughts
+flew back to Theodore Parker, who loved this [first] hymn, and in whose
+'meeting' I first heard it. Upper deck dressed with palms--waiters in
+their best clothes...."
+
+"To-day visited Assiout, where we arrived soon after ten in the morning.
+Donkey-ride delightful, visit to the bazaar. Two very nice youths found
+us out, pupils of the American Mission. One of these said, 'I also am
+Christianity.' Christian pupils more than one hundred. Several Moslem
+pupils have embraced Christianity.... This morning had a very sober
+season, lying awake before dawn, and thinking over this extravagant
+journey, which threatens to cause me serious embarrassment."
+
+And again:--
+
+"The last day of a year in which I have enjoyed many things, wonderful
+new sights and impressions, new friends. I have not been able to do much
+useful work, but hope to do better work hereafter for what this year has
+shown me. Still, I have spoken four times in public, each time with
+labor and preparation--and have advocated the causes of woman's
+education, equal rights and equal laws for men and women. My heart
+greatly regrets that I have not done better, during these twelve months.
+Must always hope for the new year."
+
+The record of the new year (1879) begins with the usual aspirations:--
+
+"May every minute of this year be improved by me! This is too much to
+hope, but not too much to pray for. And I determine this year to pass no
+day without actual prayer, the want of which I have felt during the year
+just past. Busy all day, writing, washing handkerchiefs, and reading
+Herodotus."
+
+On January 2, she "visited Blind School with General Stone--Osny
+Effendi, Principal. Many trades and handicrafts--straw matting,
+boys--boys and girls weaving at hand loom--girls spinning wool and
+flax, crochet and knitting--a lesson in geography. Turning lathe--bought
+a cup of rhinoceros horn."
+
+On January 4 she is "sad to leave Egypt--dear beautiful country!"
+
+"_Jerusalem, January 5._ I write in view of the Mount of Olives, which
+glows in the softest sunset light, the pale moon showing high in the
+sky. Christ has been here--here--has looked with his bodily eyes on this
+fair prospect. The thought ought to be overpowering--is inconceivable."
+
+"_January 9._ In the saddle by half past eight in the morning. Rode two
+hours, to Bethlehem. Convent--Catholic. Children at the school. Boy with
+a fine head, Abib. In the afternoon mounted again and rode in sight of
+the Dead Sea. Mountains inexpressibly desolate and grand. Route very
+rough, and in some places rather dangerous.... Grotto of the
+Nativity--place of the birth--manger where the little Christ was laid.
+Tomb of St. Jerome. Tombs of two ladies who were friends of the Saint.
+Later the plains of Boaz, which also [is] that where the shepherds heard
+the angels. Encamped at Marsaba. Greek convent near by receives men
+only. An old monk brought some of the handiwork of the brethren for
+sale. I bought a stamp for flat cakes, curiously cut in wood. We dined
+luxuriously, having a saloon tent and an excellent cook.... Good beds,
+but I lay awake a good deal with visions of death from the morrow's
+ride."
+
+"_January 10._ [In camp in the desert near Jericho.] 'Shoo-fly'[88]
+waked us at half past five banging on a tin pan and singing 'Shoo-fly.'
+We rose at once and I felt my terrors subside. Felt that only prayer and
+trust in God could carry me through. We were in the saddle by seven
+o'clock and began our perilous crossing of the hills which lead to the
+Dead Sea. Scenery inexpressibly grand and desolate. Some frightful bits
+of way--narrow bridle paths up and down very steep places, in one place
+a very narrow ridge to cross, with precipices on either side. I prayed
+constantly and so felt uplifted from the abjectness of animal fear.
+After a while we began to have glimpses of the Dead Sea, which is
+beautifully situated, shut in by high hills, quite blue in color. After
+much mental suffering and bodily fatigue on my part we arrived at the
+shores of the sea. Here we rested for half an hour, and I lay stretched
+on the sands which were very clean and warm! Remounted and rode to
+Jordan. Here, I had to be assisted by two men [they lifted her bodily
+out of the saddle and laid her on the ground] and lay on my shawl,
+eating my luncheon in this attitude. Fell asleep here. Could not stop
+long enough to touch the water. We rested in the shade of a clump of
+bushes, near the place where the baptism of Christ is supposed to have
+taken place. Our cans were filled with water from this sacred stream,
+and I picked up a little bit of hollow reed, the only souvenir I could
+find. Remounted and rode to Jericho. Near the banks of the Jordan we met
+a storm of locusts, four-winged creatures which annoyed our horses and
+flew in our faces. John the Baptist probably ate such creatures.
+Afternoon ride much better as to safety, but very fatiguing. Reached
+Jericho just after sunset, a beautiful camping-ground. After dinner, a
+Bedouin dance, very strange and fierce. Men and women stood in a
+semicircle, lighted by a fire of dry thorns. They clapped their hands
+and sang, or rather murmured, in a rhythm which changed from time to
+time. A chief danced before them, very gracefully, threatening them with
+his sword, with which he played very skilfully. They sometimes went on
+their knees as if imploring him to spare them. He came twice to our tent
+and waved the sword close to our heads, saying, '_Taih backsheesh_.' The
+dance was like an Indian war-dance--the chief made a noise just like the
+war-whoop of our Indians. The dance lasted half an hour. The chief got
+his backsheesh and the whole troop departed. Lay down and rested in
+peace, knowing that the dangerous part of our journey was over."
+
+  [88] A negro attendant.
+
+"_In Camp in the Desert. January 11._ In the saddle by half past seven.
+Rode round the site of ancient Jericho, of which nothing remains but
+some portions of the king's highway. Ruins of a caravanserai, which is
+said to be the inn where the good Samaritan lodged his patient. Stopped
+for rest and luncheon, at Beth--and proceeded to Bethany, where we
+visited the tomb of Lazarus. I did not go in--then rode round the Mount
+of Olives and round the walls of Jerusalem, arriving at half past three
+in the afternoon. I became very stiff in my knees, could hardly be
+mounted on my horse, and suffered much pain from my knee and abrasions
+of the skin caused by the saddle. Did not get down at the tomb of
+Lazarus because I could not have descended the steps which led to it,
+and could not have got on my horse again. When we reached our hotel, I
+could not step without help, and my strength was quite exhausted. I say
+to all tourists, avoid Cook's dreadful hurry, and to all women, avoid
+Marsaba! This last day, we often met little troops of Bedouins
+travelling on donkeys--sometimes carrying with them their cattle and
+household goods. I saw a beautiful white and black lamb carried on a
+donkey. Met three Bedouin horsemen with long spears. One of these
+stretched his spear across the way almost touching my face, for a joke."
+
+"_Jerusalem. Sunday, January 12._ English service. Communion,
+interesting here where the rite was instituted. I was very thankful for
+this interesting opportunity."
+
+"_January 15._ Mission hospital and schools in the morning. Also
+Saladin's horse. Wailing place of the Jews and some ancient synagogues.
+In the afternoon walked to Gethsemane and ascended the Mount of Olives.
+In the first-named place, sang one verse of our hymn, 'Go to dark
+Gethsemane.' Got some flowers and olive leaves...."
+
+
+After Jerusalem came Jaffa, where she delivered an address to a "circle"
+at a private house. She says:--
+
+"In Jaffa of the Crusaders, Joppa of Peter and Paul, I find an American
+Mission School, kept by a worthy lady from Rhode Island. Prominent among
+its points of discipline is the clean-washed face, which is so enthroned
+in the prejudices of Western civilization. One of her scholars, a youth
+of unusual intelligence, finding himself clean, observes himself to be
+in strong contrast with his mother's hovel, in which filth is just kept
+clear of fever point. 'Why this dirt?' quoth he; 'that which has made me
+clean will cleanse this also.' So without more ado, the process of
+scrubbing is applied to the floor, without regard to the danger of so
+great a novelty. This simple fact has its own significance, for if the
+innovation of soap and water can find its way to a Jaffa hut, where can
+the ancient, respectable, conservative dirt-devil feel himself secure?"
+
+Apropos of mission work (in which she was a firm believer), she loved to
+tell how one day in Jerusalem she was surrounded by a mob of beggars,
+unwashed and unsavory, clamoring for money, till she was well-nigh
+bewildered. Suddenly there appeared a beautiful youth in spotless white,
+who scattered the mob, took her horse's bridle, and in good English
+offered to lead her to her hotel. It was as if an angel had stepped into
+the narrow street.
+
+"Who are you, dear youth?" she cried.
+
+"I am a Christian!" was the reply.
+
+In parting she says, "Farewell, Holy Land! Thank God that I have seen
+and felt it! All good come to it!"
+
+
+From Palestine the way led to Cyprus ("the town very muddy and bare of
+all interest") and Smyrna, thence to Constantinople. Here she visited
+Robert College with great delight. Returning, she saw the "Sultan going
+to Friday's prayers. A melancholy, frightened-looking man, pale, with a
+large, face-absorbing nose...."
+
+
+"_February 3._ Early at Piraeus. Kalopothakis[89] met us there, coming on
+board.... To Athens by carriage. Acropolis as beautiful as ever. It
+looks small after the Egyptian temples, and of course more modern--still
+very impressive...."
+
+  [89] A Greek Protestant minister.
+
+Athens, with its welcoming faces of friends, seemed almost homelike
+after the Eastern journeyings. The Journal tells of sight-seeing for the
+benefit of the younger traveller, and of other things beside.
+
+"Called on the _Grande Maitresse_ at the Palace in order to have cards
+for the ball. Saw the Schliemann relics from Mycenae, and the wonderful
+marbles gathered in the Museum. Have been writing something about these.
+To ball at the palace in my usual sober rig, black velvet and so forth.
+Queen very gracious to us.... Home by three in the morning."
+
+"_February 12._ At ten in the morning came a committee of Cretan
+officers of the late insurrection, presenting a letter through Mr.
+Rainieri, himself a Cretan, expressing the gratitude of the Cretans to
+dear Papa for his efforts in their behalf.... Mr. Rainieri made a
+suitable address in French--to which I replied in the same tongue.
+Coffee and cordial were served. The occasion was of great interest....
+In the afternoon spoke at Mrs. Felton's of the Advancement of Women as
+promoted by association. An American dinner of perhaps forty, nearly all
+women, Greek, but understanding English. A good occasion. To party at
+Madame Schliemann's."
+
+"_February 15._ Miserable with a cold. A confused day in which nothing
+seemed to go right. Kept losing sight of papers and other things. Felt
+as if God could not have made so bad a day--my day after all; I made
+it."
+
+"_February 18._ To ball at the Palace. King took Maud out in the
+German."
+
+"_February 21._ The day for eating the roast lamb with the Cretan
+chiefs. Went down to the Piraeus warmly wrapped up.... Occasion most
+interesting. Much speech-making and toasting. I mentioned Felton."
+
+"_February 22._ Dreadful day of departure. Packed steadily but with
+constant interruptions. The Cretans called upon me to present their
+photographs and take leave. Tried a poem, failed. Had black
+coffee--tried another--succeeded...."
+
+"_February 23._ Sir Henry Layard, late English minister to the Porte, is
+on board. Talked Greek at dinner--beautiful evening--night as rough as
+it could well be. Little sleep for any of us. Glad to see that Lord
+Hartington has spoken in favor of the Greeks, censuring the English
+Government."
+
+"_February 26...._ Sir Henry Layard and I _tete-a-tete_ on deck, looking
+at the prospect--he coveting it, no doubt, for his rapacious country, I
+coveting it for liberty and true civilization."
+
+
+The spring was spent in Italy. In May they came to London.
+
+"_May 29._ Met Mr. William Speare.... He told me of his son's death, and
+of that of William Lloyd Garrison. Gallant old man, unique and enviable
+in reputation and character. Who, oh! who can take his place? 'Show us
+the Father.'"
+
+
+The last weeks of the London visit were again too full for any adequate
+account of them to find its way into her letters or journals. She
+visited London once more in later years, but this was her last long
+stay. She never forgot the friends she made there, and it was one of the
+many day-dreams she enjoyed that she should return for another London
+season. Sometimes after reading the account of the gay doings chronicled
+in the London "World," which Edmund Yates sent her as long as he lived,
+she would cry out, "O! for a whiff of London!" or, "My dear, we must
+have another London season before I die!"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER III
+
+NEWPORT
+
+1879-1882; _aet._ 60-63
+
+A THOUGHT FOR WASHING DAY
+
+  The clothes-line is a Rosary
+    Of household help and care;
+  Each little saint the Mother loves
+    Is represented there.
+
+  And when across her garden plot
+    She walks, with thoughtful heed,
+  I should not wonder if she told
+    Each garment for a bead.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  A stranger passing, I salute
+    The Household in its wear,
+  And smile to think how near of kin
+    Are love and toil and prayer.
+
+                                    J. W. H.
+
+
+July, 1879, found our mother at home at Oak Glen, unpacking trunks and
+reading a book on the Talmud. She had met the three married daughters in
+Boston ("We talked incessantly for seven hours," says the Journal), and
+Florence and Maud accompanied her to Newport, where Florence had
+established her summer nursery. There were three Hall grandchildren now,
+and they became an important factor in the life at Oak Glen. All through
+the records of these summer days runs the patter of children's feet.
+
+She kept only one corner of the house for her private use; a room with
+the north light which she then thought essential. This was at once
+bedroom and workroom: she never had a separate study or library. Here,
+as in Green Peace days, she worked quietly and steadily. Children and
+grandchildren might fill the house, might have everything it contained:
+she asked only for her "precious time." When she could not have an hour
+she took half an hour, a quarter, ten minutes. No fragment of time was
+too small for her to save, to invest in study or in work; and as her
+mind concentrated instantly on the subject in hand, no such fragment was
+wasted. The rule of mind over body was relentless: sick or well, she
+must finish her stint before the day closed.
+
+This summer of 1879 was a happy one. After the feverish months of travel
+and pleasure, her delight in the soft Newport climate was deeper than
+ever. She always felt the change from the air of the mainland to that of
+the island, and never crossed the bridge from Tiverton to Bristol Ferry
+without an exclamation of pleasure. She used to say that the soft, cool
+air of Newport smoothed out the tired, tangled nerves "like a silver
+comb"!
+
+
+"_July 29._ To my Club, where, better than any ovation, an affectionate
+greeting awaited me.... Thucydides is very difficult."
+
+This was the Town and Country Club, for some years a great interest to
+her. In her "Reminiscences" she tells how in a summer of the late
+sixties or early seventies, when Bret Harte and Dr. J. G. Holland,
+Professors Lane and Goodwin of Harvard were spending the season at
+Newport: "A little band of us combined to improve the beautiful summer
+season by picnics, sailing parties, and household soirees, in all of
+which these brilliant literary lights took part. Helen Hunt and Kate
+Field were often of our company, and Colonel Higginson was always with
+us."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Among the frolics of that summer was the mock Commencement, arranged by
+her and Professor Lane.
+
+"I acted as President, Colonel Higginson as my aide; we both marched up
+the aisle in Oxford caps and gowns. I opened the proceedings by an
+address in Latin, Greek, and English; and when I turned to Colonel
+Higginson and called him '_fili mihi dilectissime_,' he wickedly replied
+with three bows of such comic gravity that I almost gave way to
+unbecoming laughter. Not long before this he had published a paper on
+the Greek goddesses. I therefore assigned as his theme the problem, 'How
+to sacrifice an Irish bull to a Greek goddess.' Colonel George Waring,
+the well-known engineer, being at that time in charge of a valuable farm
+in the neighborhood, was invited to discuss 'Social small potatoes: how
+to enlarge their eyes.' An essay on rhinoscopy was given by Fanny Fern,
+the which I, chalk in hand, illustrated on the blackboard by the
+following equation:--
+
+  "Nose + nose + nose = proboscis.
+  Nose - nose - nose = snub.
+
+"A class was called upon for recitations from Mother Goose in seven
+different languages. At the head of this Professor Goodwin honored us
+with a Greek version of the 'Man in the Moon.' A recent Harvard
+graduate, Dr. Gorham Bacon, recited the following, also of her
+composition:--
+
+  "'Heu iterum didulum,
+  Felis cum fidulum,
+  Vacca transiluit lunam,
+  Caniculus ridet,
+  Quum tale videt,
+  Et dish ambulavit cum spoonam.'
+
+"The question being asked whether this last line was in strict
+accordance with grammar, the scholar gave the following rule: 'The
+conditions of grammar should always give way to the exigencies of
+rhyme.'
+
+"The delicious fooling of that unique summer was never repeated. Out of
+it came, however, the more serious and permanent association known as
+the Town and Country Club of Newport. I felt the need of upholding the
+higher social ideals and of not leaving true culture unrepresented, even
+in a summer watering-place."
+
+With the help and advice of Professor and Mrs. William B. Rogers,
+Colonel Higginson and Mr. Samuel Powell, a number of friends were called
+together in the early summer of 1874 and she laid before them the plan
+of the proposed club. After speaking of the growing predominance of the
+gay and fashionable element in Newport society, she said:--
+
+"But some things can be done as well as others. Newport ... has also
+treasures which are still unexplored....
+
+"The milliner and the mantua-maker bring here their costly goods and
+tempt the eye with forms and colors. But the great artist, Nature, has
+here merchandise far more precious, whose value and beauty are
+understood by few of us. I remember once meeting a philosopher in a
+jeweller's shop. The master of the establishment exhibited to us his
+choicest wares, among others a costly diamond ornament. The philosopher
+[we think it was Emerson] said, 'A violet is more beautiful.' I cannot
+forget the disgust expressed in the jeweller's face at this remark."
+
+She then outlined the course laid out by the "Friends in Council,"
+lectures on astronomy, botany, natural history, all by eminent persons.
+They would not expect the Club to meet them on their own ground. They
+would come to that of their hearers, and would unfold to them what they
+were able to understand.
+
+Accordingly, Weir Mitchell discoursed to them on the Poison of Serpents,
+John La Farge on the South Sea Islands, Alexander Agassiz on Deep-Sea
+Dredging and the Panama Canal; while Mark Twain and "Hans Breitmann"
+made merry, each in his own inimitable fashion.
+
+The Town and Country Club had a long and happy career. No matter what
+heavy work she might have on hand for the summer, no sooner arrived at
+Newport than our mother called together her Governing Committee and
+planned out the season's meetings.
+
+It may have been for this Club that she wrote her "Parlor Macbeth," an
+extravaganza in which she appeared as "the impersonation of the whole
+Macbeth family."
+
+In the prologue she says:--
+
+"As it is often said and supposed that a woman is at the bottom of all
+the mischief that is done under the sun, I appear and say that I am she,
+that woman, the female fate of the Macbeth family."
+
+In the monologue that follows, Lady Macbeth fairly lives before the
+audience, and in amazing travesty relates the course of the drama.
+
+She thus describes the visit of the weird sisters (the three Misses
+Macbeth) who have been asked to contribute some of "their excellent
+hell-broth and devilled articles" for her party.
+
+"At 12 M., a rushing and bustling was heard, and down the kitchen
+chimney tumbled the three weird sisters, finding everything ready for
+their midnight operations.... 'That hussy of a Macbeth's wife leaves us
+nothing to work with,' cried one. 'She makes double trouble for us.'
+'Double trouble, double trouble,' they all cried and groaned in chorus,
+and presently fell into a sort of trilogy of mingled prose and verse
+which was enough to drive one mad.
+
+  'Where hast thou been?
+                  Sticking pigs.
+  And where hast thou?
+                  Why, curling wigs
+  Fit for a shake in German jigs
+        And hoo! carew! carew!'
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+
+"'We must have Hecate now, can't do without her. Throw the beans over
+the broomstick and say boo!' And lo, Hecate comes, much like the others,
+only rather more so....
+
+"Now they began to work in good earnest. And they had brought with them
+whole bottles of _sunophon_, and _sozodont_, and _rypophagon_, and
+_hyperbolism_ and _consternaculum_, and a few others. And in the whole
+went. And one stirred the great pot over the fire, while the others
+danced around and sang--
+
+  "'Black pepper and red,
+  White pepper and grey,
+  Tingle, tingle, tingle, tingle,
+  Till it smarts all day.'
+
+"'Here's dyspepsia! Here's your racking headache of a morning. Here's
+podagra, and jaundice, and a few fits. And now it's done to a turn, and
+the weird sisters have done what they could for the family.'
+
+"A rumbling and tumbling and foaming was now heard in the chimney--the
+bricks opened, and He-cat and She-cat and all the rest of them went up.
+And I knew that my supper would be first-rate."
+
+
+The time came when some of the other officers of the Town and Country
+Club felt unable to keep the pace set by her. She would still press
+forward, but they hung back, feeling the burden of the advancing years
+which sat so lightly on her shoulders. The Club was disbanded; its fund
+of one thousand dollars, so honorably earned, was given to the Redwood
+Library, one of the old institutions of Newport.
+
+The Town and Country Club was succeeded by the Papeterie, a smaller club
+of ladies only, more intimate in its character. The exchange of "paper
+novels" furnished its name and its _raison d'etre_. The members were
+expected to describe the books taken home from the previous meeting.
+"What have you to tell us of the novel you have been reading?" the
+president would demand. Then followed a report, serious or comic, as the
+character of the volume or the mood of the meeting suggested. A series
+of abbreviated criticisms was made and a glossary prepared: for
+example,--
+
+  "B. P.--By the pound.
+  M. A. S.--May amuse somebody.
+  P. B.--Pot-boiler.
+  F. W. B.--For waste-basket.
+  U. I.--Uplifting influence.
+  W. D.--Wholly delightful.
+  U. T.--Utter trash."
+
+The officers consisted of the Glossarian, the Penologist, whose duty it
+was to invent penalties for delinquents, the Cor. Sec. and the Rec. Sec.
+(corresponding and recording secretaries) and the Archivist, who had
+charge of the archives. During its early years a novel was written by
+the Club, each member writing one chapter. It still exists, and part of
+the initiation of a new member consists in reading the manuscript. The
+"delicious fooling" that marked the first year of the Town and Country
+Club's existence was the animating spirit of the Papeterie. A friend
+christened it "Mrs. Howe's Vaudeville." Merrymaking was her
+safety-valve. Brain fag and nervous prostration were practically unknown
+to her. When she had worked to the point of exhaustion, she turned to
+play. Fun and frolic went along with labor and prayer; the power of
+combining these kept her steadily at her task till the end of her life.
+The last time she left her house, six days before her death, it was to
+preside at the Papeterie, where she was as usual the life of the
+meeting! The Club still lives, and, like the New England Woman's Club,
+seems still pervaded by her spirit.
+
+The Clubs did not have all the fun. The Newport "Evening Express" of
+September 2, 1881, says: "Mrs. Julia Ward Howe has astonished Newport by
+her acting in 'False Colors.' But she always was a surprising woman."
+
+Another newspaper says: "The interest of the Newport world has been
+divided this week between the amateur theatricals at the Casino and the
+lawn tennis tournament. Two representations of the comedy of 'False
+Colors' were given on Tuesday and Wednesday evenings.... The stars were
+undoubtedly Mrs. Julia Ward Howe and Mr. Peter Marie, who brought down
+the house by their brightness and originality.... Mr. Peter Marie gave a
+supper on the last night of the performance, during which he proposed
+the health of Mrs. Julia Ward Howe and the thanks of the company for her
+valuable assistance. Mrs. Howe's reply was very bright and apt, and her
+playful warnings of the dangers of sailing under false colors were fully
+appreciated."
+
+It is remembered that of all the gay company she was the only one who
+was letter-perfect in her part.
+
+
+To return to 1879. She preached many times this summer in and around
+Newport.
+
+"_Sunday, September 28._ Hard at work. Could not look at my sermon until
+this day. Corrected my reply to Parkman.[90] Had a very large audience
+for the place--all seats full and benches put in."
+
+  [90] Francis Parkman had written an article opposing woman suffrage.
+
+"My sermon at the Unitarian Church in Newport. A most unexpected crowd
+to hear me."
+
+"_September 29._ Busy with preparing the dialogue in 'Alice in
+Wonderland' for the Town and Country Club occasion...."
+
+
+Many entries begin with "hard at work," or "very busy all day."
+
+This summer was made delightful by a visit from her sister Louisa, with
+her husband[91] and daughter. Music formed a large part of the summer's
+pleasure. The Journal tells of a visit from Timothee Adamowski which was
+greatly enjoyed.
+
+  [91] Luther Terry, an American painter who had lived long in Rome, and
+  had been a close friend of Thomas Crawford. He survived his wife by some
+  years.
+
+"_October 11._ Much delightful music. Adamowski has made a pleasant
+impression upon all of us."
+
+"_October 12, Sunday._ Sorry to say we made music all day. Looked hard
+for Uncle Sam, who came not."
+
+"_October 13._ Our delightful matinee. Adamowski and Daisy played
+finely, he making a great sensation. I had the pleasure of accompanying
+Adamowski in a Nocturne of Chopin's for violin and piano. All went well.
+Our pleasure and fatigue were both great. The house looked charming."
+
+
+In the autumn came a lecture tour, designed to recoup the heavy expenses
+of the Eastern trip. Never skilful in matters of money-making, this tour
+was undertaken with less preparation than the modern lecturer could well
+imagine. She corresponded with one and another Unitarian clergyman and
+arranged her lectures largely through them. Though she did not bring
+back so much money as many less popular speakers, she was, after all,
+her own mistress, and was not rushed through the country like a letter
+by ambitious managers.
+
+The Journal gives some glimpses of this trip.
+
+"Twenty minutes to dress, sup, and get to the hall. Swallowed a cup of
+tea and nibbled a biscuit as I dressed myself."
+
+"Found the miserablest railroad hotel, where I waited all day for trunk,
+in distress!... Had to lecture without either dress or manuscript. Mrs.
+Blank hastily arrayed me in her black silk, and I had fortunately a few
+notes."
+
+She never forgot this lesson, and in all the thirty-odd years of
+speaking and lecturing that remained, made it an invariable rule to
+travel with her lecture and her cap and laces in her handbag. As she
+grew older, the satchel grew lighter. She disliked all personal service,
+and always wanted to carry her hand-luggage herself. The light palm-leaf
+knapsack she brought from Santo Domingo was at the end replaced by a
+net, the lightest thing she could find.
+
+
+The Unitarian Church in Newport was second in her heart only to the
+Church of the Disciples. The Reverend Charles T. Brooks, the pastor, was
+her dear friend. In the spring of 1880 a Channing memorial celebration
+was held in Newport, for which she wrote a poem. She sat on the platform
+near Mr. Emerson, heard Dr. Bellows's discourse on Channing, "which was
+exhaustive, and as it lasted two hours, exhausting." The exercises, W.
+H. Channing's eulogium, etc., etc., lasted through the day and evening,
+and in the intervals between addresses she was "still retouching" her
+poem, which came last of all. "A great day!" says the Journal.
+
+
+"_July 23._ Very busy all day. Rainy weather. In the evening I had a
+mock meeting, with burlesque papers, etc. I lectured on _Ism-Is-not-m_,
+on _Asm-spasm-plasm_."
+
+"_July 24._ Working hard, as usual. Marionettes at home in the evening.
+Laura had written the text. Maud was Julius Caesar; Flossy, Cassius;
+Daisy, Brutus."
+
+"_July 28._ Read my lecture on 'Modern Society' in the Hillside Chapel
+at Concord.... The comments of Messrs. Alcott and W. H. Channing were
+quite enough to turn a sober head."
+
+"To the poorhouse and to Jacob Chase's with Joseph Coggeshall. Old
+Elsteth, whom I remember these many years, died a few weeks ago. One of
+the pauper women who has been there a long time told me that Elsteth
+cried out that she was going to Heaven, and that she gave her, as a last
+gift, a red handkerchief. Mrs. Anna Brown, whom I saw last year, died
+recently. Her relatives are people in good position and ought to have
+provided for her in her declining years. They came, in force, to her
+funeral and had a very nice coffin for her. Took her body away for
+burial. Such meanness needs no comment.
+
+"Jacob was glad to see me. Asked after Maud and doubted whether she was
+as handsome as I was when he first saw me (thirty or more years ago).
+His wife said to me in those days: 'Jacob thinks thee's the only
+good-looking woman in these parts.' She was herself a handsome woman and
+a very sweet one. I wish I had known I was so good-looking."
+
+
+Of the writing of letters there was no end. Correspondence was rather a
+burden than a delight to her; yet, when all the "duty letters" were
+written, she loved to take a fresh sheet and frolic with some one of her
+absent children. Laura, being the furthest removed, received perhaps
+more than her share of these letters; yet, as will appear from them, she
+never had enough.
+
+
+                             _To Laura_
+
+                                      OAK GLEN, October 10, 1880.
+
+DEAREST, DEAREST L. E. R.,--
+
+How I wonder how you R! Cause of silence not hardness of heart, but the
+given necessity of scribbling for dear life, to finish a promised paper
+for the Woman's Congress, _sedebit_ next week. I in Boston Wed., Thurs.,
+and Fri.--day being understood. Mowski [Adamowski] left us yesterday
+morning.... We had him here a fortnight, and enjoyed his visit
+extremely. At table, between the courses, he played on every instrument
+of the orchestra. I asked once for the bass drum, which he imitated,
+adding thereunto the cymbals. We had a lunch party last week, for the
+bride, Maud Appleton, and "invited quite fashionable," and after all
+she didn't come. "Sick in bed with diphtheria." May by some be
+considered an excuse, but then, it's very rude to be sick, and it's very
+troublesome to other people. (This to make you feel badly about your own
+shortcomings.) We had a little dance, too, on Friday evening. An omnibus
+party came out and a few others. I pounded the Lancers and some ancient
+waltzes and polkas, ending with the Virginia reel, in which last I
+thought my floor would give way, the young men stamped so. I have no
+paper left except some newspaper wrappers, so can't write any more. Got
+up and found this scrap, then hunted for my pen, which, after some
+search, I found in my mouth. This is what it is to be lit'ry. Oh, my! I
+sometimes wish I wasn't!...
+
+
+In October, while visiting Julia at the Institution, she missed her
+footing and fell down the two steps leading to the dining-room, breaking
+the ligaments of her knee. A letter to Laura makes the first mention of
+this serious accident, whose effects she felt all her life.
+
+                                      OAK GLEN, November 9, 1880.
+
+DEAREST LAURA CHILD,--
+
+Behold the mum-jacket, sitting clothed and in her chair, confronting you
+after long silence, with comforting words of recovery. I am now in the
+fourth week of my infirmity, and I really think that the offending, or
+rather offended, muscles have almost recovered their natural power of
+contraction. My exercise is still restricted to a daily walk from my bed
+in the small parlor to my chair in the large parlor, and back again.
+But this walk, which at first was an impotent limp, with bones clicking
+loosely, is now a very respectable performance, not on the tight rope,
+indeed, but, let us say, on the tight garter.... The only break in the
+general uniformity of my life was dear Uncle Sam's arrival on Sunday
+last. He remained with us a couple of hours, and was as delightful as
+ever. Oh! more news. With his kind help, I have taken Mrs. Lodge's small
+house for the winter and this opens to me a comfortable prospect,
+though, even with his help, the two ends will have to be pulled a little
+in order to meet....
+
+
+The furnished house in lower Mount Vernon Street proved a pleasant
+habitat. It was nine years since she had had a house in Boston; in spite
+of her lameness, perhaps partly because of it, she enjoyed entertaining
+her family and friends. Mrs. Terry and her daughter spent part of the
+winter with them.
+
+The year 1880 was marked by the publication of her first book since
+"Later Lyrics": a tiny volume entitled "Modern Society," containing,
+beside the title essay, a kindred one on "Changes in American Society."
+The Journal makes little or no mention of this booklet, but Thomas
+Wentworth Higginson says of it: "It would be hard to find a book in
+American literature better worth reprinting and distributing.... In wit,
+in wisdom, in anecdote, I know few books so racy."
+
+
+"_January 1, 1881._ I have now been lame for twelve weeks, in
+consequence of a bad fall which I had on October 17. I am still on
+crutches with my left knee in a splint. Have had much valuable leisure
+in consequence of this, but have suffered much inconvenience and
+privation of preaching, social intercourse, etc. Very little pain since
+the first ten days. Farewell, Old Year! Thank the Heavenly Father for
+many joys, comforts and opportunities."
+
+Her physician insisted upon her keeping quiet, but she could not obey
+him, and continued to travel about on crutches to keep her many
+engagements. Her faithful coachman, Frank McCarthy, was her companion on
+these journeys.
+
+"_January 26._ Busy most of the day with my lecture. Had a visit from H.
+P. B.,[92] who advised me to keep still and go nowhere until my lameness
+shall be much better. Took 4.30 train for Concord, Massachusetts. Maud
+would go with me, which grieved me, as she thereby lost a brilliant
+ball.... We went to Mr. Cheney's, where we found Frank Barlow, a little
+older, but quite unchanged as to character, etc. He has the endearing
+coquetry of a woman. Dear Mr. Emerson and Mrs. came to my lecture. Mr.
+E. said that he liked it. The audience was very attentive throughout.
+Stepped only once on my lame foot in getting into the sleigh...."
+
+  [92] Dr. H. P. Beach.
+
+"_January 28._ Busy all day with my address for woman's suffrage meeting
+in the evening.... When I entered with my crutches the audience
+applauded quite generally.... Wendell Phillips made the concluding
+speech of the evening. He was less brilliant than usual, and kept
+referring to what I had said. I thanked him for this afterwards, and he
+said that my speech had spoiled his own; that I had taken up the very
+points upon which he had intended to dwell."
+
+"_February 11._ Lecture at Groton, Massachusetts. As I went down the
+steps to the carriage, one of my crutches slipped and the careless
+hackman on my right let me fall, Frank catching me, but not until I had
+given my knee a severe wrench which gave me great pain. I suffered much
+in my travel, but got through, Frank helping me.... My knee seemed much
+inflamed and kept me awake much of the night. My lecture on 'Polite
+Society' was well received. The good people of the house brought me
+their new ledger, that my name might be the first recorded in it."
+
+"_February 12._ Dinner of Merchants' Club. Edward Atkinson invites me.
+Got back by early train, 7.50 A.M., feeling poorly. Did not let Maud
+know of my hurt. Went to the dinner mentioned above, which was at the
+Vendome.... Was taken in to dinner by the President, Mr. Fitz. Robert
+Collyer had the place on my right. He was delightful as ever. Edward
+Everett Hale sat near me and talked with me from time to time. Of course
+my speech afflicted me. I got through it, however, but had to lose the
+other speeches, the hour being so late and the night so inclement, very
+rainy."
+
+"_February 20._ Very lame this morning. No courage to try to go out.
+Have been busy with Kant and Miss Cobbe's new book, 'Duties of Women,'
+which I am reviewing for the 'Christian Register.'..."
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+                                                129 MOUNT VERNON STREET,
+
+                                                    February 27, 1881.
+
+MY DEAREST LAURA,--
+
+... Mr. Longfellow came to see us yesterday, and told us his curious
+dreams. In one of them, he went to London and found James Russell Lowell
+_keeping a grocery._ In another, people were vituperating the bad
+weather, and dear Papa said: "Remember, gentlemen, who makes it!" This
+impressed us as very characteristic of our dear one. My lameness is
+decreasing very slowly, and I have now been a week without the splint.
+The knee, however, still swells if I attempt to use it, and my life is
+still much restricted as to movement....
+
+
+"_February 28...._ A cloud seems to lift itself from that part of my
+mind which concerns, or should concern, itself with spiritual things.
+Sometimes a strong unwillen seizes me in this direction. I feel in
+myself no capacity to comprehend any features of the unseen world. My
+belief in it does not change, but my imagination refuses to act upon the
+basis of the 'things not seen.'"
+
+"_March 5._ Longfellow to dine."
+
+"_March 30._ In the evening to the ever-pleasing Hasty-Pudding
+Theatrical Play, a burlesque of Victor Hugo's 'Notre Dame de Paris,'
+with many saucy interjections. The fun and spirits of the young men were
+very contagious, and must have cheered all present who needed
+cheering...."
+
+
+                            _To Laura_
+
+                                         129 MOUNT VERNON STREET,
+
+                                               March 24, 1881.
+
+MY DARLING LAURA,--
+
+The March wind blows, and gives me the spleen. I don't care about
+anything, don't want my books, nor my friends, nor nothing. But you,
+poor child, may not be in this wicked, not caring condition, and so I
+will write you, having oughted to for a considerable time. Nothing stays
+put, not even put-ty. Letters don't stay answered, faces don't stay
+washed, clothes don't stay either clean or new. Children won't stay the
+youngest. The world won't stay anywhere, anyhow. Forty years ago was
+good enough for me. Why couldn't it stay? Now, I see you undertaking to
+comfort me in good earnest, and know just how you would begin by saying:
+"Well, it should!"... Nunc Richard[93] here yesterday. Remarked nothing
+in particular, I replying in like manner. Kept his arm very dark, under
+a sort of cloak. We condoled [with] each other upon our mental
+stupidity, and parted with no particular views or sentiments. I have
+been to-day at a worldly fashionable lunch. Nobody cared for anything
+but what they had on and had to eat. "He! he!" said one: "ho! ho! ho!"
+the other. "Is your uncle dead yet?" "No, but my aunt is." "Grandfather
+Wobblestick used to say"--"Why, of course he did!" Which is all that I
+remember of the conversation. Now, darling, this is perfectly hateful of
+me to turn and snarl at the hand which has just been putting good
+morsels into my mouth. But you see, this is a March wind in Boston, and
+I can't help it. And I hobbled greatly up the big staircase, also down.
+That's all. Auntie and Daisy and Maud lunched, too, munchingly. D. made
+a new capote for Maud. Nobody made nothing new for me. I had no lace bow
+under my chin, and looked so neglected! Maud and Daisy always on the
+wing, concerts, theatres, lunches, etc., etc. Auntie and I have some
+good evenings at home, in which we refresh the venerable intelligence
+with the modern publication, we do, to wit, "Early Life of Charles James
+Fox." We also play Russian backgammon. Big Frank Crawford has
+enlargement of 's liver. This P.M. late Mrs. C. C. Perkins has recep.
+for Miss Carl Schurz. Girls going, but going first to X.'s weekly weak
+tea and weaker talk. Here again, you spleeny devil, get thee behind me!
+I love my fellow-creatures, but, bless you, not in this month.... Julia
+Nagnos takes tea round generally, and finds that it agrees with her....
+I regard you, on the whole, with feeling. Farewell, Laura, I am your
+poor old mad March hare Mamma. Love to Skip and the little ones.
+
+  [93] The late Richard Sullivan.
+
+
+"_April 7._ Finished Carlyle's 'Reminiscences' to-day. Perhaps nothing
+that he has left shows more clearly what he was, and was not. A loyal,
+fervent, witty, keen man.... His characterizations of individuals are
+keenly hit off with graphic humor. But he could make sad mistakes, and
+could not find them out, as in the case of what he calls our 'beautiful
+Nigger Agony'!!"
+
+"I went out to the Cambridge Club, having had chills and fever all the
+night before. Read my lecture on Paris, which was well received, and
+followed by a good discussion with plenty of differences of opinion.
+Evening at home; another chill and fever."
+
+
+                                 _To Laura_
+
+                                            129 MOUNT VERNON STREET,
+
+                                                 April 24, 1881.
+
+Bad old party, is and was. Badness mostly of heart, though head has a
+decided crack in it. Unfeeling old Beast! Left Laura so long without a
+word. Guess 't isn't worth while for her to write anything more.
+
+My poor dear little Laura, how miserably you must have been feeling, I
+know well by your long silence. Oh! posterity! posterity! how much you
+cost, and how little you come to! Did I not cost as much as another? And
+what do I come to? By Jingo!
+
+Darling, I have got some little miserable mean excuses. Want 'em? Have
+had much writing to do, many words for little money. For "Critic" (N.Y.)
+and for "Youth's Companion" and other things. Then, have kept up great
+correspondence with Uncle Sam, who has given me a house in Beacon
+Street! _oh gonniac!_[94]
+
+  [94] Welsh for "glory": a favorite exclamation of hers, learned in
+  childhood from a Welsh servant.
+
+We had lit'ry party last week. Dr. Holmes and William Dean Howells read
+original things. James Freeman Clarke recited and we had ices and
+punch. Maud thought it frumpy, but others liked it very much. Have been
+to church to-day, heard J. F. C. 'Most off crutches now and hobble about
+the house with a cane. Use crutches to go up and down stairs and to walk
+in the street.... Have heard much music and have seen Salvini once, in
+the "Gladiator," and hope to see him on Thursday, in "Macbeth." How are
+the dear children? I do want to see them, 'specially July Ward....
+
+
+"_May 27._ Soon after 7 A.M. arrived Uncle Sam with my dear sister Annie
+Mailliard from California; the whole intended as a birthday surprise. My
+sister is very little changed; always a most tender, sensitive woman.
+Sister Louisa didn't know of this and came at 11 A.M. to bring my
+greetings and gifts, with Mr. Terry, Daisy, and Uncle Sam. When Sister
+Annie appeared, Sister Louisa almost fainted with delight and
+astonishment."
+
+"_June 20, Oak Glen_, Dear Flossy suffering at 6 A.M.--about all day.
+Her child, a fine boy, born at 3 P.M. We are all very happy and
+thankful. It was touching to see the surprise and joy of the little
+children when they were admitted to a sight of their new relative. There
+was something reverent in the aspect of the little creatures, as if they
+partly felt the mystery of this new life which they could not
+understand. Some one told them that it came from Heaven. Harry, four
+years old, said: 'No, it didn't come from Heaven, for it hasn't any
+wings.'"
+
+
+              _To Laura (who, as usual, wanted a letter)_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 10, 1881.
+
+Yes, she was a little injured, but not so bad as she pretends. Feelings
+hurt dreadful? Self-esteem bruised and swollen? Spleen a little touched?
+Well, she has had the doctor, and the doctor said: "Her mother is a
+public character, what can we do about it?"
+
+  Could my ink forever flow,
+  Could my pen no respite know.
+
+Well, my darling, it was too bad, so we'll make up, and kiss and be
+friends. But now you look here. Besides all my lit'ry work, which seems
+to be heaviest in summer time, I had an awful deal to do in taking care
+of Flossy's children and the new baby. The babe is of the crying sort!
+When anything is to be done for his Ma, the nurse expects some one to
+hold him.... I returned last night from a journey to Vermont, where I
+read a paper before the American Institute of Education, and also spoke
+at a suffrage meeting and also at an outdoor mass meeting, and also at a
+suffrage meeting in Montpelier, and came back, after four days' absence,
+very tired. (Chorus, Don't tell Maud.)...
+
+
+"_August 30._ My first performance at the Casino Theatre. It went off
+very successfully, and I was much applauded, as were most of the others.
+Supper afterwards at Mrs. Richard Hunt's, where I had to appear in
+'plain clothes,' having been unable to accomplish evening dress after
+the play. Dear Flossy went with me."
+
+Another "performance" of that summer is not noted in the Journal; an
+impromptu rendering of "Horatius at the Bridge," in the "green parlor"
+at Oak Glen, with the following cast:--
+
+  Horatius               F. Marion Crawford.
+  Spurius Lartius        J. W. H.
+  Herminius              Maud Howe.
+
+The green parlor was an oval grass plot, thickly screened by tall
+cedars. Laura recited the ballad, keeping her voice as she could while
+the heroes waged desperate combat, but breaking down entirely when
+Horatius "plunged headlong in the tide," and swam with magnificent
+action across--the greensward!
+
+
+"_September 18._ Preached in Tiverton to-day. Text: 'The fashion of this
+world passeth away.' Subject: Fashion, an intense but transient power;
+in contradistinction, the eternal things of God."
+
+"_September 25._ Spent much of this day in composing a poem in
+commemoration of President Garfield's death. Spared no pains with this
+and succeeded better than I had expected."
+
+"_September 26._ The President's funeral. Services held in most cities
+of the United States, I should judge. Solemn services also in London and
+Liverpool."
+
+
+                        _To Samuel Ward_
+
+                                               241 BEACON STREET,
+
+                                               December 22, 1881.
+
+DEAREST BROTHER,--
+
+... _Your_ house, darling, was bright and lovely, yesterday. I had my
+old pet, Edwin Booth, to lunch--we were nine at table, the poet Aldrich
+disappointing us. From three to four we had a reception for Mr. Booth,
+quite the _creme de la creme_, I assure you. Among others, Dr. Holmes
+came. The rooms and furniture were much admired. We gave only tea at the
+levee, but had some of your good wine at the luncheon.
+
+P.S. Mr. Booth in "Lear" last night was sublime!
+
+
+                              _To the same_
+
+Edwin Booth had sent us his box for the evening. The play was "Hamlet,"
+the performance masterly. People's tastes about plays differ, but I am
+sure that no one on the boards can begin to do what Booth does. I saw
+him for a moment after the play, and he told me that he had done his
+best for me. Somehow, I thought that he was doing his very best, but did
+not suppose that he was thinking of me particularly....
+
+
+"_January 29, 1882._ Frank [Marion Crawford] had met Oscar Wilde the
+evening before at Dr. Chadwick's; said that he expressed a desire to
+make my acquaintance. Wrote before I went to church to invite him to
+lunch. He accepted and Maud and Frank, or rather Marion, flew about to
+get together friends and viands. Returning from a lifting and delightful
+sermon of J. F. C.'s, I met Maud at the door. She cried: 'Oscar is
+coming.' Mrs. Jack Gardner, Madame Braggiotti, and Julia completed our
+lunch party. Perhaps ten or twelve friends came after lunch. We had what
+I might call a 'lovely toss-up,' _i.e._, a social dish quickly
+compounded and tossed up like an omelet."
+
+During this year and the next, Crawford made his home at 241 Beacon
+Street. Here he wrote his first three books, "Mr. Isaacs," "Dr.
+Claudius," and "A Roman Singer." He was a delightful inmate, and the
+months he spent under our mother's roof were happy ones. A tender
+_camaraderie_ existed between aunt and nephew. During his first winter
+in Boston he thought of going on the stage as a singer, and studied
+singing with Georg Henschel. He had a fine voice, a dramatic manner,
+full of fire, but an imperfect ear. This fault Henschel at first thought
+could be remedied: for months they labored together, trying to overcome
+it. Crawford delighted in singing, and "Auntie" in playing his
+accompaniments. At dusk the two would repair to the old Chickering grand
+to make music--Schubert, Brahms, and arias from the oratorios they both
+loved. In the evening the three guitars would be brought out, and aunt
+and nephew, with Maud or Brother Harry, would sing and play German
+students' songs, or the folk-songs of Italy, Ireland, and Scotland. Our
+mother was sure to be asked for Matthias Claudius's "_Als Noah aus dem
+Kasten war_": Crawford would respond with "_Im schwarzen Wallfisch zu
+Ascalon_."
+
+This was the first of thirty happy years passed at 241 Beacon Street,
+the house Uncle Sam bought for her. The day she moved in, a friend asked
+her the number of her new house.
+
+"241," she answered. "You can remember it because I'm the two-forty
+one."
+
+Oscar Wilde was at this time making a lecture tour through the United
+States. This was the heyday of his popularity; he had been heralded as
+the apostle of the aesthetic movement. At his first lecture, given at the
+old Boston Music Hall, he appeared in a black velvet court suit with
+ruffles, and black silk stockings, his hair long and curling on his
+shoulders. A few moments after he had taken his place on the platform, a
+string of Harvard students filed into the hall, dressed in caricature of
+the lecturer's costume, each with a sunflower in his coat and a peacock
+feather in his hand. Our mother, who was in the audience, recognized
+near the head of the procession her favorite grand-nephew, Winthrop
+Chanler. Wilde took this interruption in good part, welcoming the lads
+and turning the laugh against them. "Imitation is the sincerest
+flattery," he said, "though this is a case where I might say, 'Save me
+from my friends.'"
+
+Wilde came several times to the house in Boston; later Uncle Sam brought
+him to spend a day or two at Oak Glen, where the household was thrown
+into a flutter by the advent of his valet. It was one thing to entertain
+the aesthete, another to put up the gentleman's gentleman. In spite of
+all the affectation of the aesthetic pose, Wilde proved a rarely
+entertaining guest. He talked amazingly well; in that company all that
+was best in the man came to the surface. He recited his noble poem, "The
+Ode to Albion," under the trees of Oak Glen, and told endless stories of
+Swinburne, Whistler, and other celebrities of the day. The dreadful
+tragedy came later; at this time he was one of the most brilliant
+figures in the literary world.
+
+"_March 4._ To Saturday Morning Club with Mrs. [John] Sherwood; very
+busy; then with her to Blind Asylum in a carriage. Drove up to front
+entrance and alighted, when the gale took me off my feet and threw me
+down, spraining my left knee so badly as to render me quite helpless. I
+managed to hobble into the Institution and to get through Julia's lunch,
+after which I was driven home. Sent for Dr. Beach and was convicted of a
+bad sprain, and sentenced to six weeks of (solitary) confinement."
+
+"_March 5._ In bed all day."
+
+"_March 6._ On the lounge; able to work."
+
+"_March 8._ Day of mid-year conference of A.A.W. Business meeting at the
+N.E.W.C., where I, of course, could not be present. Afternoon meeting
+was in my room. On the whole satisfactory."
+
+
+                                  _To Laura_
+
+                                                241 BEACON STREET,
+
+                                                  March 18, 1882.
+
+Whereupon, my dearest, let there be no further pribbles and prabbles,
+which I conjugate thus: I pribble, thou prabblest, he, she, or it
+pribble prabbles. Maud leaveth on a Tuesday, come thou on that same
+Tuesday, taking care to keep thy nose in front of thy countenance, and
+not otherwisely, which were neither wisely nor too well. I hope thou
+wilt not fail to come on Tuesday. And pray don't forget the baby, as the
+nurse might find it lonesome to be here without her. During the period
+of thy visit, I will change my name to _Jinkins_, we will have such high
+Jinks!... Beacon Street looks as though it wanted something. I think
+thou beest it....
+
+  Am ever thy lame game MOTHER.
+
+
+"_March 24._ Longfellow died at about 3.30 P.M. to-day. He will be much
+and deservedly lamented. The last of dear Chev's old set, the Five of
+Clubs, nicknamed by Mary Dwight the 'Mutual Admiration Society.' On
+hearing of this event, I put off my reception for the Zuni chiefs, which
+should have been on Monday, when the funeral will probably take place."
+
+"_March 26._ Dear Brother Sam came on very unexpectedly to attend the
+funeral service held at the Longfellow [house] for relatives and
+intimates. I also was bidden to this, but thought it impossible for me
+to go, lame as I am. Sent word out to Julia Anagnos, who came in, and
+went in my place with Uncle Sam. The dear old fellow dined with us. I
+got downstairs with great difficulty and fatigue. We had a delightful
+evening with him, but he would go back to New York by the night train."
+
+"_March 30._ To-day the Zuni chiefs and Mr. Cushing, their interpreter
+and adopted son, came to luncheon at 1.45. There were twelve Indian
+chiefs in full Indian dress. Reception afterwards."
+
+
+The Zuni Indians live in Arizona. Once in the year they make a
+pilgrimage to the seashore, and wading into the ocean at sunrise, offer
+prayer to the Great Spirit, and fill their vessels of woven grass with
+water to be used through the year in their religious exercises. This
+pilgrimage had always been made to the Pacific; but in the hearts of the
+tribe lingered a tradition that once in a hundred years the "Water of
+Sunrise" should be visited, and they dreamed of the Eastern ocean. The
+tradition was now confirmed, the dream fulfilled, through the friendly
+offices of Mr. Cushing.
+
+The ceremony was one of touching interest; hundreds of people gathered
+at City Point to watch it. Most of the spectators felt the beauty and
+solemnity of the service (for such it was), but a few were inclined to
+jeer, till they were sternly rebuked by Phillips Brooks.
+
+As our mother could not go to see the Zunis, they must come to see her,
+and Mr. Cushing gladly brought them. They were grave, stalwart men, with
+a beautiful dignity of carriage and demeanor. A picture not to be
+forgotten is that of her in her white dress, bending eagerly forward to
+listen while the chiefs, sitting in a circle on the floor, told stories,
+Mr. Cushing interpreting for her benefit. At parting, each man took her
+hand, and raised it to his forehead with a gesture of perfect grace. The
+eldest chief, before this salute, held her hand a moment, and blew
+across the palm, east and west. "Daughter," he said, "our paths have
+crossed here. May yours be bright hereafter!"
+
+
+"_April 1._ To-day Edward [Everett] Hale brought me a parting memento of
+the Zunis--the basket with which they had dipped up the water from the
+'ocean of sunrise.' Mr. Cushing sent this. E. E. H. also spoke about
+five hymns which should be written corresponding to the five great
+hymns of the Catholic mass. He asked me to write one of these and I
+promised to try."
+
+"_April 16._ Splint off to-day. Waited for Dr. Beach, so could not go to
+church. Had an interesting talk with the Doctor on the Immortality of
+the Soul, in which he is a believer."
+
+"_April 27._ Made to-day a good start in writing about Margaret Fuller.
+This night at 8.50 P.M. died Ralph Waldo Emerson, _i.e._, all of him
+that could die. I think of him as a father gone--father of so much
+beauty, of so much modern thought."
+
+"_May 7._ To church, going out for the first time without a crutch,
+using only my cane.
+
+"J. F. C.'s sermon was about Emerson, and was very interesting and
+delicately appreciative. I think that he exaggerated Emerson's solid and
+practical effect in the promotion of modern liberalism. The change was
+in the air and was to come. It was in many minds quite independently of
+Mr. Emerson. He was the foremost literary man of his day in America,
+philosopher, poet, reformer, all in one. But he did not make his age,
+which was an age of great men and of great things."
+
+"_May 14._ Had a sudden thought in church of a minister preaching in a
+pulpit and a fiend waiting to carry him off to hell. Made some verses
+out of this.
+
+"This is Whitsunday.... I do hope and pray for a fresh outpouring this
+year. While I listened to Dr. Furness, two points grew clear to me: one
+was, that I would hold my Peace Meeting, if I should hold it alone, as
+a priest sometimes serves his mass. The second was, that I could preach
+from the text: 'As ye have borne the image of the earthy, so shall ye
+bear the image of the heavenly,' and this sermon I think I could preach
+to the prisoners, as I once tried to do years ago when dear Chev found
+the idea so intolerable that I had to give it up. I am twenty years
+older now, and the Woman Ministry is a recognized fact.
+
+"Still Sunday afternoon. I am now full of courage for this week's heavy
+work."
+
+"_May 30._ Alas! alas! dear Professor Rogers dropped dead to-day after
+some exercise at the Institute of Technology. How he had helped me in
+the Town and Country Club! Without his aid and that of his wife, I doubt
+whether I could have started it at all: he was always vice-president as
+I was president. I cannot think how I can do without him."
+
+"_July 22._ Commemoration of Mr. Emerson at Concord Town Hall. Several
+portraits of him and very effective floral decorations; no music. Prayer
+by Rev. Dr. Holland; introductory remarks by F. B. Sanborn in which he
+quoted a good part of a poem by W. E. Channing, R. W. E. its theme. Then
+came an unmercifully long paper by Dr. X., much of which was interesting
+and some of which was irrelevant. He insisted upon Mr. Emerson's having
+been an evolutionist, and unfolded a good deal of his own tablecloth
+along with the mortuary napkin."
+
+"_July 29._ Had a studious and quiet day. Was in good time for the
+performance [at the Casino]...."
+
+In a letter to "Uncle Sam" she speaks of "the labor and fatigue of
+preparing for the theatricals, which are happily over. We had rehearsals
+every day last week. My part was a short one, but I took great pains to
+make it as good as I could. Some points which I thought of on the spur
+of the moment added greatly to the fun of the impersonation. We had a
+fine house, and an enthusiastic reception. I had a floral tribute--only
+think of it!--a basket of beautiful roses...."
+
+"_September 18._ Left Newport to attend Saratoga Convention, being
+appointed a delegate from the Channing Memorial Church, with its pastor,
+Reverend C. W. Wendte."
+
+"_November 8._ Cousin Nancy Greene, my father's cousin, enters to-day
+upon her ninety-ninth year. I called to see her, going first to town to
+buy her some little gift.... Had a very interesting talk with her. She
+was nicely dressed in black, with a fresh cap and lilac ribbon, and a
+little silk handkerchief. For her this was quite an unusual toilette. I
+wished her a good year to come, but she said: 'Why should I want to live
+another year? I can do nothing.' I suggested that she should dictate her
+reminiscences to the girl who waits upon her and who writes, she says, a
+good hand."
+
+"_November 11._ I went to see the old Seventh Day Baptist Church, now
+occupied by the Newport Historical Society, in which my
+great-grandfather, Governor Samuel Ward, used to attend service...."
+
+"_December 24, Boston._ Spoke at the Home for Intemperate Women at 6
+P.M. I did my best. Text: 'Of whom the whole family in heaven and earth
+are named.' Subject: The Christian family; God, its father, all mankind
+brothers and sisters.... Afterwards went to the Christmas 'Messiah.'
+Felt more sure than ever that no music so beautiful as this has ever
+been written."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IV
+
+241 BEACON STREET: THE NEW ORLEANS EXPOSITION
+
+1883-1885; _aet._ 64-66
+
+  The full outpouring of power that stops at no frontier,
+  But follows _I would_ with _I can_, and _I can_ with _I do it_!
+
+                                                         J. W. H.
+
+
+The winter of 1882-83 found her once more with a family of some size,
+her son and his wife joining forces with her at 241 Beacon Street. In
+Harry's college days, mother and son had made much music together; now
+the old music books were unearthed, and the house resounded with the
+melodies of Rossini and Handel. It was a gay household, with Crawford
+living in the reception room on the ground floor; play was the order of
+the evening, as work was of the day.
+
+The new inmates brought new friends to the circle, men of science, the
+colleagues of her beloved "Bunko," now Professor Howe of the Institute
+of Technology, Italians, and other Europeans introduced by Crawford.
+There was need of these new friends, for old ones were growing fewer.
+Side by side in the Journal with the mention of this one or that comes
+more and more frequently the record of the passing of some dear
+companion on life's journey. Those who were left of the great band that
+made New England glorious in the nineteenth century held closely to each
+other, and the bond between them had a touching significance. Across the
+street lived Oliver Wendell Holmes; in Cambridge was Thomas Wentworth
+Higginson; in Dorchester, Edward Everett Hale.
+
+In a letter to her brother she speaks of "the constant 'tear and trot'
+of my Boston life, in which I try to make all ends meet, domestic,
+social, artistic, and reformatory, and go about, I sometimes think, like
+a poor spider who spins no web.... Marion has been very industrious, and
+is full of good work and of cheer. His book ["Mr. Isaacs"] has been such
+a success as to give him at once a recognized position, of which the
+best feature, economically, is that it enables him to command adequate
+and congenial employment at fairly remunerative prices...."
+
+
+                              _To Laura_
+
+MY DARLING CHILD,--
+
+Your letter makes me say that I don't know anything, whether I have
+written or not, or ought to write, or not. Mammy's poor old head is very
+much worse than ever, and I don't get time even to read letters, some
+days. I can't tell why, except that there are many points and people to
+be reached, in one way and another, and I rush hither and thither,
+accomplishing, I fear, very little, but stirring many stews with my own
+spoon. It seems to me that I could not bear another winter of this
+stress and strain, which is difficult to analyze or account for, as "she
+needn't have done it, you know." Why she must do it, notwithstanding, is
+hard to tell, or what it is in doing it which so exhausts all nervous
+energy and muscular strength. Now, darling, after this prelude in a
+minor key, let me thank heaven that, after all, I am well in health,
+and comfortable.
+
+_Wednesday, 10th, 2.20_ P.M. I wrote the above at noon, yesterday,
+expecting Salvini to lunch.... Mrs. Appleton came in, and kept me, until
+2 minus 20 minutes, at which time, nearly beside myself with anxiety, I
+tumbled upstairs, out of one garment and into another. Such was my
+dressing. Salvini came and was charming. After luncheon came a
+reception. Your little girls were there, looking delightfully. Porter
+was pleased to say that the little ones, hanging around the (old)
+grandmother made a pleasing picture.... No more from 'fection
+
+                                                             MAR.
+
+
+In later January she has "a peaceful day at Vassar College.... In the
+afternoon met the teachers and read some poems, to wit, all of the
+Egyptian ones, and the poem on the Vestal dug up in Rome. At bedtime
+last night I had a thought of ghosts. I spoke of this to Maria Mitchell
+to-day. She told me that Mr. Matthew Vassar's body had been laid in this
+room and those of various persons since, which, had I known, I had been
+less comfortable than I was."
+
+
+"_February 18._ Young Salvini [Alessandro] and Ventura to luncheon, also
+Lizzie Boott and Mrs. Jack [Gardner]. Salvini is beautiful to look at,
+having a finely chiselled Greek head. He is frank, cordial, and
+intelligent, and speaks very appreciatively of his parts, especially of
+Romeo."
+
+"To the Intemperate Women's Home where I spoke from the text, 'Repent,
+for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.'"
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+                                                  March 17, 1883.
+
+DARLING CHILD,--
+
+Just let drop everything, and take me up on your lap. I'se very tired,
+writing, tugging at all sorts of things. Long silence b'tween us.
+Growing estrangement, eh? Richardses are better, eh? Which nobody can
+deny.... Have been hard at work upon a memoir of Maria Mitchell, which
+is well-nigh finished.... Am spleeny to-day: the weather being
+according....
+
+
+                          _To "Uncle Sam"_
+
+                                                  March 28, 1883.
+
+MY DARLING BROTHER,--
+
+I owe you two good long letters, and am ashamed to think how long it is
+since you have seen my crabbed chirography. Of course, it is the old
+story. I have been dreadfully busy with all sorts of work, in all of
+which I take delight, while yet to quote St. Paul, "The good that I
+would I do not." To give you a few items, I have just finished a short
+memoir of Maria Mitchell, Professor of Astronomy at Vassar College. This
+was an interesting task, but had to be very carefully done. At the same
+time, I had to correct Maud's memoir of me, which is to be published in
+the same collection of biographies of _eminent_ women! I think I am
+eminent for undertaking ten times more than I can do, and doing about
+one tenth of it. Well--I have given three Sunday preachments at a sort
+of Woman's church which they have here. My themes were: "The Order of
+the Natural and the Spiritual," "Tares and Wheat," and "The Power of
+Religion in the Life." I was in New York last Wednesday, to preside over
+the mid-year Conference of the Woman's Congress.... I had a visit from
+Salvini the other day. He was most charming, and sent me a box for last
+evening's performance of "The Outlaw," in Italian: "Morte Civile." I
+went, with my Harry and Laura, I in my best attire. I had received some
+very beautiful roses, which I threw upon the stage, at the recall after
+the third Act. To-day I met Wendell Phillips in the street, and made him
+come in to see Marion, whose letter on English rule in India, printed in
+the New York "Tribune," he had liked very much. Phillips asked me how I
+came to live in this part of the city, and I told him about your gift of
+the house.... Marion is sitting by my fire, with Browning's "Jocoseria"
+in his hands, from which he has been reading passages. It sounds strange
+and silly....
+
+
+                                _To the same_
+
+                                          OAK GLEN, May 10, 1883.
+
+... --I have been here alone all these days, with many gentle ghosts of
+past companionship, and with a task at which I work steadily every day.
+This is a life of Margaret Fuller, rewritten mostly from the memoirs
+already published, but also recast in my own thought. The publisher is
+in a hurry for it, and I have to work without intermission, _i.e._, as
+long as I can, every day; but with all the diligence in my power, I
+cannot get along very rapidly. When I have finished my stint, I refresh
+myself with a little Greek, and also with an Italian novel which I have
+brought with me. The place looks lovely, and I sat, this afternoon, on
+the western piazza, near that angle where you and I used to sit, last
+summer, and enjoyed a bath of sunshine....
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+                                       OAK GLEN, August 21, 1883.
+
+MY MUCH NEGLECTED DARLING,--
+
+I give you to-day my first hour, or half-hour, as the case may be,
+feeling that my long silence has been abominable, and must be broken,
+even if you should feel it to be your duty to throw an inkstand at my
+head, in return for my letter. It is partly Backbone's fault. Backbone
+has been so scrouged and put upon by the summer's work that he sometimes
+cuts up amazing. Said work is pretty well out of hand at this moment,
+the last chapters of "Margaret Fuller" being ready for the press.... I
+have so much felt the shocking uncharity of things in the way of diaries
+and letters which have been published within the last few years. Not the
+least bad exhibition in this kind has been made by Carlyle and his wife.
+I have just finished reading the three volumes of her letters and
+memorials, which were indeed interesting to me by the mention in them of
+persons whom I myself have known. Still, the spirit of the book is
+painful. It is sad to see how she adopted, at times, her husband's
+harsh creed. I should think Froude, the editor, must be wanting in
+common taste and decency, to have allowed the letters to appear in all
+this crudeness. I am so glad that I never went near them, after that one
+tea-drink, a very bad one, forty years ago. Is this enough about the
+Carlyles? And is it strictly charitable? I dunno; I'm getting very old
+to know anything....
+
+
+The "Life of Margaret Fuller" (in Roberts Brothers' series of "Famous
+Women") was a small book, yet it stood for much careful work, and was so
+recognized and received. The recognition sometimes took a singular form,
+_e.g._, a letter from a gentleman styling himself "Prof. Nat. & Geol.,"
+who desires two copies of the "Margaret Fuller," and asks her to "accept
+for them a choice selection of '_Lithological_,' Cabinet of Geological
+Mineral specimens, representing the Glacial, and Emptus period, also the
+Crystalline formation of the Earth's Strata, in Coolings, Rubbings, and
+Scratchings of the Drift Age."
+
+The exchange was not effected.
+
+
+                         _To "Uncle Sam"_
+
+                                               December 15, 1883.
+
+DARLING BRO' SAM,--
+
+I must write you at once, or my silence will expand into a broad ocean
+which I shall be afraid to cross.... I have had a very laborious year,
+now screwed to my desk, and working at _timed_ tasks, now travelling
+widely, and scattering my spoken words.... Well, so much for desk-work,
+now for the witch broomstick on which I fly. The Congress was held in
+Chicago, in mid-October. From this place, I went to Minneapolis....
+Harry and his wife are here, paying handsomely their share of our
+running expenses. The little house looks friendly and comfortable, and I
+hope, after a few more flights, to enjoy it very much. These will now be
+very short.... Boston is all alive with Irving's acting, Matthew
+Arnold's lectures, Cable's readings, and the coming opera. _Pere_
+Hyacinthe also has been here, and a very eminent Hindoo, named Mozumdar.
+I have lost many of these doings by my journeys, but heard Arnold's
+lecture on Emerson last evening. I have also heard one of Cable's
+readings. Arnold does not in the least understand Emerson, I think. He
+has a positive, square-jawed English mind, with no super-sensible
+_apercus_. His elocution is pitiable, and when, after his lecture,
+Wendell Phillips stepped forward and said a few graceful words of
+farewell to him, it was like the Rose complimenting the Cabbage....
+
+
+The year 1883 closed with a climax of triumphant fatigue in the
+Merchants' and Mechanics' Fair, in which she was president of the
+Woman's Department. This was to lead to a far more serious undertaking
+in the autumn of 1884, that of the Woman's Department of the New Orleans
+Exposition. The Journal may bridge the interval between the two.
+
+"_February 3, 1884._ Wendell Phillips is dead.
+
+"To speak at the meeting in memory of Cheshub Chunder Sen at Parker
+Memorial Hall. Heard T. W. Higginson and Mrs. Cheney. H. spoke at length
+of Phillips and said too much about his later mistakes, I thought,
+saying nothing about his suffrage work, of which I took care to speak,
+when it was my turn. Several persons thanked me for my words, which
+treated very briefly of Phillips's splendid services to humanity."
+
+[She spoke of him as "the most finished orator of our time," and as "the
+Chrysostom of modern reform."]
+
+"_February 6._ Wendell Phillips's funeral. I am invited to attend
+memorial services at Faneuil Hall on Friday evening. I accept."
+
+"_February 9...._ I was very glad that I had come to this, the People's
+meeting, and had been able to be heard in Faneuil Hall, the place of all
+others where the _People_ should commemorate Wendell Phillips. My task
+was to speak of his services to the cause of Woman. Others spoke of him
+in connection with Labor Reform, Anti-Slavery, Ireland, and Temperance."
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+Just so, knowed you'd take advantage of my silence to write su'thin
+saucy. Until I got your kammunikation I felt kind o' penitent
+like--hadn't thanked for no Xmas nor nothing. Felt self to be shabby and
+piglike in conduct, though perfectly angelic in intention. Pop comes
+your letter--pop goes my repentance. "She's got even with me," I said:
+"If she went into a tailor's shop to get a cabbage leaf, to make an
+apple pie, what does it matter by what initials she calls herself? Who's
+going to distress themselves about the set of her cloak? And she do
+boast about it preposterous, and that are a fact."
+
+Here endeth the first meditation, and I will now fall back upon the
+"Dearly beloved," for the rest of the service....
+
+
+                          _To the same_
+
+                            241 BEACON STREET, February 11, 1884.
+
+_Oh, thou, who art not quite a Satan!_
+
+Question is, dost thou not come very near it?...
+
+I have been very busy, and have _orated_ tremendous, this winter. I
+didn't go for to do it, you know, but I cou'n' avoin it. [A household
+expression, dating back to her childhood, when a gentleman with a defect
+of speech, speaking of some trouble incurred by her father, said, "Poor
+Mr. Warn! he cou'n' avoin it!" This gentleman was a clergyman, and was
+once heard to assure his congregation that "their hens [heads] wou'n be
+crownen with glory!"]
+
+
+"_February 12._ Hearing at State House, Committee of Probate, etc., on
+the petition of Julia Ward Howe and others that the laws concerning
+married women may be amended in three respects. We had prepared three
+separate bills, one providing that the mother shall have equal rights
+with the father in their children, especially in determining their
+residence and their education. A second ruling that on the wife's death,
+the husband, who now gets all her real estate, may have one half, and
+the children the other, and that the widow shall have the same right to
+half the husband's real estate after his death. A third bill was devised
+to enable husband and wife to contract valid money obligations toward
+each other."
+
+
+Through the untiring efforts of the Suffragists these bills were all
+passed.
+
+
+"_March 27...._ I heard with dismay of the injury done to my Newport
+place by the breaking of Norman's dam. Was very much troubled about
+this."
+
+
+                              _To Laura_
+
+                                                  March 29, 1884.
+
+MY DEAREST DARLING,--
+
+Dunno why I hain't wrote you, 'cept that, while I was lame, the attitude
+of reclining with my foot extended was very fatiguing to me. The injury
+was very slight. I only knocked my left foot pretty hard (_anglice_,
+stubbed my toe) hurrying upstairs, but the weak left knee gave way, and
+turned, letting me down, and feloniously puffing itself up, which
+Charity never does. It could not be concealed from Maud, and so Beach
+was sent for, and a fortnight of _stay still_ ordered and enforced. On
+Tuesday last I broke bounds and railed it to Buffalo, New York, with my
+crutches, which were no longer needed. This was for the mid-year
+Conference of our Congress. Before I say more under this head, let me
+tell you that I returned from Buffalo this morning, much the better for
+my trip. I had a lovely visit there, in a most friendly and comfortable
+house, with carriages at my disposition. A beautiful luncheon was given
+to us Congressers and I gave a lecture on Thursday evening, price $50,
+and sat in a high chair, thinking it not prudent to stand so long....
+
+
+"_April 4._ In the latter part of the eighteenth century a Christian
+missionary, Chinese, but disguised as a Portuguese, penetrated into
+Corea, and was much aided in his work by the courageous piety of Columba
+Kang, wife of one of the lesser nobles. She and the missionary suffered
+torture and death.... Merchants, not diplomatists, are the true apostles
+of civilization.
+
+"Questions for A.A.W. [_i.e._, for the annual Conference of the
+Association for the Advancement of Women]: How far does the business of
+this country fulfil the conditions of honest and honorable traffic?
+
+"What is the ideal of a mercantile aristocracy?"
+
+"_April 7._ General Armstrong called last evening. He spoke of the
+negroes as individually quick-witted and capable, but powerless in
+association and deficient in organizing power. This struck me as the
+natural consequence of their long subjection to despotic power. The
+exigencies of slavery quickened their individual perceptions, and
+sharpened their wits, but left them little opportunity for concerted
+action. Freedom allows men to learn how to cooeperate widely and strongly
+for ends of mutual good. Despotism heightens personal consciousness
+through fear of danger, but itself fears nothing so much as association
+among men, which it first prohibits and in time renders impossible."
+
+"_April 15._ A delightful Easter. I felt this day that, in my
+difficulties with the Anti-Suffragists, the general spread of Christian
+feeling gives me ground to stand upon. The charity of Christendom will
+not persist in calumniating the Suffragists, nor will its sense of
+justice long refuse to admit their claims."
+
+"_April 17._ Sam Eliot was in a horse-car, and told me that Tom Appleton
+had died of pneumonia in New York. The last time I spoke with him was in
+one of these very cars. He asked me if I had been to the funeral,
+meaning that of Wendell Phillips. I was sure that he had been much
+impressed by it. I saw him once more, on Commonwealth Avenue on a bitter
+day. He walked feebly and was much bent. I did not stop to speak with
+him which I now regret. He was very friendly to me, yet the sight of me
+seemed to rouse some curious vein of combativeness in him. He had many
+precious qualities, and had high views of character, although he was
+sometimes unjust in his judgments of other people, particularly of the
+come-outer reformers."
+
+"_April 19._ To get some flowers to take to T. G. A.'s house. Saw him
+lying placid in his coffin, robed in soft white cashmere, with his
+palette and brushes in his hands...."
+
+
+                           _To Florence_
+
+                                                  April 20, 1884.
+
+... I went yesterday to poor Tom Appleton's funeral. It is very sad to
+lose him, and every one says that a great piece of the old Boston goes
+with him.... I dined with George William Curtis yesterday at Mrs. Harry
+Williams's. George William was one of Tom Appleton's pall-bearers,--so
+were Dr. Holmes and Mr. Winthrop....
+
+Curtis's oration on Wendell Phillips was very fine.
+
+
+"_April 20._ Thought sadly of errors and shortcomings. At church a
+penitential psalm helped me much, and the sermon more. I felt assured
+that, whatever may be my fate beyond this life, I should always seek,
+love, and rejoice in the good. Thus, even in hell, one might share by
+sympathy the heavenly victory."
+
+"_May 5._ I begin in great infirmity of spirit a week which brings many
+tasks. First, I must proceed in the matter of Norman's injury to my
+estate, either to a suit or a settlement by arbitration unless I can
+previously come to an understanding with N."
+
+
+A heavy affliction was soon to drive all other thoughts from her mind.
+On May 19, a telegram arrived from Italy saying, "Samuel Ward expired
+peacefully."
+
+She writes: "Nothing could be more unexpected than this blow. Dear Bro'
+Sam had long since been pronounced out of danger.... Latterly we have
+heard of him as feeble, and have felt renewed anxiety, but were entirely
+unprepared for his death."
+
+
+"_May 20._ Dark days of nothingness these, to-day and yesterday. Nothing
+to do but be patient and explore the past."
+
+"_May 21._ Had a sitting all alone with dear Uncle Sam's picture this
+afternoon. I thought it might be the time of his funeral. I read the
+beautiful 90th Psalm and a number of his bright, sweet lyrics. A
+sympathetic visit from Winthrop Chanler."
+
+"_May 27...._ Dear Brother Sam's death has brought me well in sight of
+the farther shore. May I be ready when it is my turn to cross."
+
+
+                          _To her sister Louisa_
+
+DEAREST SISTER,--
+
+I was already in debt to you for one good letter when this later one
+arrived, giving me the full, desired particulars of our dear one's last
+days on earth. You and Annie both write as though the loss were heaviest
+to me, and I only feel that I cannot feel it half enough. The pathos of
+a life of such wonderful vicissitudes! I cannot half take it in. What
+must he not have suffered in those lonely days of wandering and
+privation, while I was comfortable in my household!... God knows, I had
+every reason to love him, for he was heroically faithful to his
+affection for me. Now, I feel how little I appreciated his devotion, and
+how many chimeras, in my foolish wool-gathering head, crowded upon this
+most precious affection, which was worthy of a much larger place in my
+thoughts. His death is a severe loss to Maud and me.... We were always
+hoping to rejoin him, and to pass some happy years with him. A great
+object is withdrawn from our two lives. Nothing can take his place to
+either of us.... As I write, the tears come. Like you, I long to sit
+and talk it all over with the two who are all I have left of my own
+generation. To our children, the event cannot be at all what it is to
+us. They are made for the future, and our day is not theirs. I was
+comforted, in your first letter, in reading of that pleasant, quiet talk
+you had with him, when, among other things, you read to him the lovely
+verses from St. John's Gospel, which have become a classic of
+consolation among Christian people. I believe that he is in the heaven
+accorded to those who have loved their fellow-men, for who ever coined
+pure kindness into acts as he did? One of the lessons I learn from his
+life is that it is very hard for us to judge rightly the merits and
+demerits of others. Here was a man with many faults on the surface, and
+a heart of pure gold beneath.... The thought of his lonely funeral and
+solitary grave has wrung my heart at times, but sometimes I think of it
+as a place where one might be glad to be at rest.... But now, dear, I
+have had all the heart-break I can bear, writing this letter. Let me now
+speak of the living and tell you where and how we are.... I left very
+unwillingly to come down here, and try to get my poor wrecked place in
+order. You know, of course, that the dam which was built to cut off my
+water, and against which I obtained an injunction, burst this spring,
+and destroyed my two ponds, my carriage, and a good part of my barn. I
+have tried, in a lumbering way, to get justice, but have not yet
+succeeded. I have had, too, a great deal of trouble in my presidency of
+the Woman's Congress, this year. Almost as soon as I open my eyes in
+the morning, these black dogs of worry spring upon me. I long to be
+free from them....
+
+
+"_June 28._ Senator Bayard to William A. Duncan about dear Bro' Sam: 'It
+is just one of those little kindnesses of which his life was so full.
+There is no doubt, as you say, that his later years were his best! The
+wine of life fined itself.... He was readily sympathetic, and did in
+Rome as Romans did, and kept time and tune to a great variety of
+instruments. But the kind good heart _always beat truly_, and the array
+of good deeds to his credit in the great book of account is delightful
+to think of.'"
+
+
+                             _To Laura_
+
+                                        NEWPORT, August 15, 1884.
+
+Haven't I written to you? I have an idea of some long letter of mine not
+answered by you. But this may be one of those imaginary good actions
+which help to puff me up. Life, you see, gallops on to such a degree
+with me that I don't know much difference between what I have intended
+to do and what I have done....
+
+I think novels is humbug. What you think? They don't leave you anything
+but a sort of bad taste....
+
+
+"_August 27._ Simply good for nothing, but to amuse the little Hall
+children. A strange dead level of indifference. Do not see any
+difference between one thing and another. This, I should think, must
+come from a vagary of the liver. Worst sort of nervous prostration--to
+prostrate one's self before one's nerves. To town in the afternoon, when
+the dead indifference and lassitude went off somewhat."
+
+"_August 29._ We dined at the Booths' to-day, meeting Mr. and Mrs.
+Joseph Jefferson and William Warren. A rare and delightful occasion.
+Jefferson talked much about art. He, Booth, and Warren all told little
+anecdotes of forgetfulness on the stage. Jefferson had told a love-story
+twice, Booth had twice given the advice to the players [in "Hamlet"],
+Warren, in 'Our American Cousin,' should have tried to light a match
+which would not light. He inadvertently turned the ignitable side, which
+took fire, and so disconcerted him that he forgot where he was in the
+play and had to ask some one what he had last said, which being told him
+enabled him to go on."
+
+"_September 25._ Finished to-day my Congress paper. I have written this
+paper this week instead of going to the Unitarian Convention, which I
+wished much to attend.... I did not go because I thought I ought neither
+to leave home unnecessarily, to spend so much money, nor to put off the
+writing of the A.A.W. paper.
+
+"I shall look a little to see whether circumstances hereafter will not
+show that it was best for me to follow this course. My Daemon did not say
+'go,' but he sometimes plays me false. I have certainly had the most
+wonderful ease in writing this paper which, I thought, would occupy a
+number of weary days, and lo! it has all written itself, _currente
+calamo_."
+
+"_October 5._ Is the law of progress one of harmony or of discord? Do
+the various kinds of progress, moral, intellectual, political, and
+economic or industrial, agree or disagree? Do they help or hinder each
+other?"
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+                          NEWPORT, RHODE ISLAND, October 9, 1884.
+
+MY DARLING LAURA,--
+
+My poor wits, in these days, are like bits of sewing silk wound on a
+card. You unwind a little and straightway come to an end. The wonder is,
+there are so many ends. Here is a precise picture of our days as passed
+at present. Morning, I wake early, lie and think over my past life, with
+little satisfaction. Bathe. Breakfast. Walk with Maud, Sonny[95] tugging
+alongside. Maud goes much further than I do. Sonny and I return, take a
+basket and gather dry twigs to brighten the evening fire. I visit my
+mare in her stable--a good custom, as my man is not over-careful of her
+stall. Maud comes back, I _exercise_ her voice. I go to books, she to
+desk. Study Greek a good deal, reading Thucydides and Aristophanes.
+Dinner, coffee, more reading and writing, unless we go to town. Evening,
+music, reading or cards, worrying about ----, bed. I have not mentioned
+my own much writing, because you will understand it. I am trying to
+compass a story, but have my fears about it. My paper for the Woman's
+Congress is entitled "How to broaden the Views of Society Women."
+Darling dear, what more can I tell you? Isn't this too much already?
+Now, do spunk up and have some style about you.... Be cheerful and
+resolute, my love, life comes but once, and is soon over....
+
+  [95] John Howe Hall.
+
+
+"_October 13._ To New Bedford, for the Suffrage meeting; trains did not
+connect at Myricks, where, after some delay and negotiation, I with
+difficulty persuaded the conductor of a freight train to take me to New
+Bedford in his caboose. This saved me time enough to go to the Delano
+Mansion, restore my strength with food, and put on my cap and ruche. The
+Delanos were very kind. I read my Congress paper on 'Benefits of
+Suffrage to Women.'"
+
+"_November 23._ To Louisburg Square to my old friend's funeral [Hamilton
+Wilde].... Around and before me were the friends and associates of the
+golden time in which his delightful humor and _bonhomie_ so often helped
+me in charades and other high times. It was ghostly--there were Lizzie
+Homans and Jerry Abbott, who took part with him and William Hunt in the
+wonderful charade in which the two artists rode a tilt with theatre
+hobbies. The gray heads which I had once seen black, brown, or blond,
+heightened the effect of the picture. It was indeed a _sic transit_. I
+said to Charles Perkins--'For some of us, it is the dressing bell!' Oh!
+this mystery! So intense, so immense a fact and force as human life,
+tapering to this little point of a final leave-taking and brief
+remembrance!"
+
+
+Now came the New Orleans Exposition, in which she was to be chief of the
+Woman's Department.
+
+It was already late when she received the appointment, but she lost no
+time. Establishing her headquarters at No. 5 Park Street (for many years
+the home of the "Woman's Journal" and the New England Woman's Club), she
+sent out circulars to every State in the Union, asking for exhibits, and
+appealed to the editors of newspapers all over the country to send women
+correspondents for a month or more to the Exposition. She called
+meetings in Boston, New York, Providence, Philadelphia, and Hartford, at
+all of which she spoke, imploring the women to bestir themselves, and,
+late as it was, to make an effort to get together a proper showing of
+women's work for the great Fair.
+
+Beside all this, she kept up through the autumn an active correspondence
+with the Exposition authorities at New Orleans.
+
+The Exposition was scheduled to open on the 1st of December: it did
+actually open on the 16th. She writes:--
+
+"A steamer had been chartered to convey thither the officers of the
+Exposition and their invited guests. Seated on the deck, the chief of
+the Woman's Department and her fellow-workers watched the arrival of the
+high dignitaries of the State and city, escorted by members of the
+military, and by two bands of music; one, the famous Mexican Band. All
+the craft on the river were adorned with flags and streamers. The
+Crescent, which gives the city its familiar designation, was pointed
+out, and the 'Father of Waters' was looked upon with admiring eyes. The
+steamer brought us to the Exposition grounds, and here a procession was
+formed in which the ladies of the Woman's Department were assigned a
+place which they had some difficulty in keeping. The march led to the
+Main Building. The opening prayer was made by the Reverend De Witt
+Talmage. At a given moment a telegram was received from the President of
+the United States, Chester A. Arthur, declaring the Exposition to be
+formally open. Immediately after, the son of the Director-General, a
+fine lad of twelve years, touched the electric button by which the
+machinery of the Exposition was set in motion.
+
+"Returning by land, we found the streets gay with decorations, in which
+the colors of the orthodox flag were conspicuous."
+
+Maud was with her, and shared her labors, as did her devoted friend
+Isabel Greeley. At this time the floor of the gallery destined for the
+women's exhibit was not laid. By December 29 the officers of the
+department were able to hold a meeting in "an enclosure without doors or
+suitable furniture." When all was supposed to be ready for the exhibits,
+it was found that the roof leaked badly, the timber having so shrunk
+under the action of the sun as to tear away the waterproof felting.
+Moreover, there was not enough money to carry on the business of the
+Department. Funds had been promised by the Board of Management, but
+these funds were not forthcoming, the Board itself being in
+difficulties. Our mother had foreseen this contingency.
+
+"Ladies," she said, "we must remember that women have sometimes built
+churches with no better instruments than thimbles and a teapot! If the
+worst comes to the worst, we must come before the public and endeavor
+with its aid to earn the money necessary to complete our enterprise."
+
+This foreboding soon became a fact, and early in January she found
+herself in rather a "tight corner." She had sent out the call for
+exhibits to every State in the Union; with great effort the women of the
+country had responded most generously. She now felt herself personally
+responsible for these exhibits, and determined that, _coute que coute_,
+they should be well displayed and the Woman's Department properly
+installed.
+
+There was no money: very well! she would earn some. She arranged a
+series of entertainments, beginning with a lecture by herself. There
+followed a time of great stress and anxiety, which taxed to the utmost
+her mother-wit and power of invention. Faculties hitherto dormant awoke
+to meet the task; she devised practical, hard, common-sense methods, far
+removed from her life habit of intellectual labor. She had moved into a
+new apartment in the house of life, one nearer the earth and not quite
+so near the stars. She often quoted during these months Napoleon's
+saying, on being told that something he wished to do was impossible,
+"_Ne me dites pas ce bete de mot!_"
+
+In spite of endless vexations, it was a time of tremendous enjoyment;
+every nerve was strained, every gift exercised; the cup of life was
+brimming over, even if it was not all filled with honey.
+
+"_January 13, 1885._ Preparing for my lecture this evening. Subject, 'Is
+Polite Society Polite?' Place, Werlein Hall. I was very anxious--the
+lecture appeared to me very homely for a Southern audience accustomed to
+rhetorical productions. My reception was most gratifying. The house was
+packed and many were sent away. Judge Gayarre introduced me. Joaquin
+Miller came first, reciting his 'Fortunate Isles.' I said in opening
+that even if my voice should not fill the hall, my good-will embraced
+them all. Every point in the lecture was perceived and applauded, and I
+felt more than usually in sympathy with my audience."
+
+"The second entertainment devised for the relief of the Woman's
+Department was a '_Soiree Creole_,' the third and last a 'grand musical
+_matinee_' at the French Opera House, for which we were indebted to the
+great kindness of Colonel Mapleson, who granted us the use of the house,
+and by whose permission several of his most distinguished artists gave
+their services. Monsignor Gillow, Commissioner for Mexico, also allowed
+his band to perform."
+
+
+The difficulty of persuading the different artists to sing, of pacifying
+their separate agents in the matter of place on the programme and size
+of the letters in which names were advertised, of bringing harmony out
+of all the petty rivalries and cabals between the different members of
+the troupe, required a patience worthy of a better cause. Meanwhile
+there were other troubles. Most of the women commissioners appointed by
+the different States proved loyal comrades to their chief in her great
+and distressful labor; but there were others who gave her endless
+trouble.
+
+
+"_February 6._ Our concert. The weather was favorable. Lieutenant Doyle
+came to escort me to the theatre. My box was made quite gay by the
+uniforms of several navy officers. The house was packed. We took $1500
+and hope to have more. I particularly enjoyed the _Semiramide_ overture,
+which the band gave grandly. Rossini's soul seemed to me to blossom out
+of it like an immortal flower."
+
+
+These entertainments brought in over two thousand dollars. This money
+enabled the women to install such exhibits as were ready, to pay for a
+time the necessary workmen, and to engage a special police force for the
+protection of their goods. The United States ships in the harbor also
+espoused the cause, Admiral Jouett, of the flagship Tennessee, and
+Captain Kane, of the Galena, sending experienced craftsmen whose ready
+and skilful work soon changed the somewhat desolate aspect of the
+gallery.
+
+The arrangements were as simple as might be, the greatest expense being
+the purchase of showcases. The tables were of rough pine boards covered
+with cambrics and flannels, the draperies of the simplest and cheapest,
+the luxury of a carpet was enjoyed only here and there; but the
+excellence of the exhibits, and the taste with which they were
+displayed, made the department a pleasant place. The winter was cold;
+the wooden walls of the Government Building let in many a chilling
+blast; but there was a stove in the office of the chief of installation,
+and with its help the daily cup of tea was made which kept the workers
+alive.
+
+Each State and Territory had a separate opening day for its exhibit.
+These days were marked by public meetings at which compliments were
+exchanged, addresses made, and the exhibits turned over to the
+management. It was considered obligatory for all the commissioners to
+attend these meetings, and the women spent many weary hours trying to
+hear the addresses of distinguished individuals whose voices contended
+in vain with the din of the machinery. The Mexican Band played, and
+relieved the tedium of the long sittings; but the women commissioners
+were upheld chiefly by the feeling that they were drawn together from
+all parts of the country, and were taking an honored part in a great
+industrial and peaceful pageant, whose results would be important to the
+country and to mankind at large.
+
+The Journal tells in February of the "opening of the colored people's
+department; very interesting. A numerous assemblage of them showed a
+wide range of types. Music, military, drumming especially good. Saw in
+their exhibit a portrait of John A. Andrew which looked like a greeting
+from the old heroic time."
+
+The Woman's Department was formally opened on March 3, though it had
+really been open to the public since early January. The day was one of
+the gayest in the history of the Exposition. The gallery of the
+Government Building was bright with flowers and gay with flags. Admiral
+Jouett had sent the ship's band as a special compliment; the music was
+delightful, the speeches excellent. We quote from Mrs. Howe's address:--
+
+"I wish to speak of the importance, in an industrial point of view, of a
+distinct showing of women's work in the great industrial exhibits. There
+are few manufactures in which the hand and brain of woman have not their
+appointed part. So long, however, as this work is shown merely in
+conjunction with that of men, it is dimly recognized, and makes no
+distinct impression. The world remains very imperfectly educated
+concerning its women. They are liable to be regarded as a non-producing
+class, supported by those to whom, in the order of nature, their life is
+a necessary condition of existence itself.... Exhibits like the present,
+then, are useful in summing up much of this undervalued work of women. A
+greater moral use they have in raising the standard of usefulness and
+activity for the sex in general. Good work, when recognized, acts as a
+spur to human energy. Those who show how women can excel are examples to
+shame those who do not try. They lay upon their sex an obligation to
+stronger endeavor and better action, and society gains thereby.
+
+"Still more have I at heart the association, in these enterprises, of
+women who are not bound to each other by alliance of blood, or affinity
+of neighborhood. Greater and more important than the acquisition of
+skill is the cultivation of public spirit. '_Pro bono publico_' is a
+motto whose meaning men should learn from their infancy, and at their
+firesides. How shall they learn it unless the women, the guardian
+spirits of the household, shall hold and teach, beyond all other
+doctrines, that of devotion and loyalty to the public good?
+
+"I value, then, for the sake of both men and women, the disinterested
+association of women for the promotion of the great interests of
+society....
+
+"You were stirred the other day by the bringing back of a battle-flag
+whose rents had been carefully mended. I tell you, sisters, we have all
+one flag now, broad and bright enough to cover us all. Let us see that
+no rent is made in it.
+
+"All that the best and wisest men can imagine for the good of the human
+race can be wrought if the best women will only help the best men."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+One of her most arduous tasks was the arranging of a course of
+twenty-four "Twelve-o'Clock Talks," which were given every Saturday from
+the middle of February till the close of the Exposition. How she labored
+over them her companion daughter well remembers: remembers too what
+success crowned the effort. The subjects varied widely. Captain Bedford
+Pym, R.N., discoursed on Arctic explorations; Charles Dudley Warner told
+the story of the Elmira Reformatory; the Japanese Commissioner spoke of
+woman's work in Japanese literature. These talks were free to the
+public, and proved so popular that eight years later the same plan was
+carried out in the Woman's Department of the Chicago World's Fair, and
+again proved its excellence and value.
+
+As if all this were not enough, she must found a Literary Association
+among the young people of New Orleans. She named them the Pans, and
+among their number were several whose names have since become well known
+in literature. Grace King, Elizabeth Bisland, and others will remember
+those evenings, when their bright youth flashed responsive to the call
+of the elder woman of letters.
+
+In all the stress and hurry, we find this entry:--
+
+"My dear father's birthday. I left the Exposition early and walked to
+visit dear Marion's grave in Girard Street Cemetery. A lovely place it
+was. He is buried above ground in a sort of edifice formed of brick, the
+rows of coffins being laid on stone floors, each single one divided from
+those on either side of it by a stone partition. 'Francis Marion Ward,
+died September 3rd, 1847.' Erected by William Morse, dear Marion's
+friend."
+
+
+"_May 16._ Gave my talk to the colored people, soon after two in the
+afternoon in their department. A pretty hexagonal platform had been
+arranged. Behind this was a fine portrait of Abraham Lincoln, with a
+vase of beautiful flowers [gladiolus and white lilies] at its base. I
+spoke of Dr. Channing, Garrison, Theodore Parker, Charles Sumner, John
+A. Andrew, Lucretia Mott, and Wendell Phillips, occupying about an hour.
+They gave me a fine basket of flowers and sang my 'Battle Hymn.'
+Afterwards the Alabama cadets visited us. We gave them tea, cake and
+biscuits and I made a little speech for them."
+
+Winter and spring passed rapidly, each season bringing fresh interest.
+The picturesqueness of New Orleans, the many friends she made among its
+people, the men and women gathered from every corner of the world, well
+made up to her for the vexations which inevitably attended her position.
+Looking back on these days, she said of them: "It was like having a big,
+big Nursery to administer, with children good, bad, and middling. The
+good prevailed in the end, as it usually or always does, and yet I used
+to say that Satan had a fresh flower for me every morning, when I came
+to my office, and took account of the state of things."
+
+The difficulties with which the unfortunate managers were struggling
+made it impossible for them to keep their promises of financial support
+to the Woman's Department. Things went from bad to worse. Finally she
+realized that she herself must find the money to pay the debts of her
+department and to return the exhibits to the various States. She wrote a
+letter to John M. Forbes, of Boston, urging him to help her and her
+assistants out of their alarming predicament. Through Mr. Forbes, the
+Honorable George F. Hoar, Senator from Massachusetts, learned the state
+of the case. The sum of $15,000 had been named as that necessary to pay
+all just claims and wind up the affairs of the Department. At this time
+a bill was before Congress for an appropriation to aid the Exposition.
+Thanks to the efforts of Mr. Hoar, a sum of $15,000 was added to this
+bill with the express clause, "For the Relief of the Woman's
+Department." The bill was passed without discussion. The news was
+received with great rejoicing in New Orleans, especially in the Woman's
+Department, "where our need was the sorest." The promise brought new
+life to the weary workers; but they were to be far more weary before the
+end. The Exposition closed on the last day of May. Summer was upon them;
+the Northern women, unused to the great heats of New Orleans, longed to
+close up their business and depart, but the money had not come from
+Congress, and they could not leave their post. Days dragged on; days of
+torrid, relentless heat. Our mother must borrow money for the Department
+here and there to bridge over the gap between promise and fulfilment.
+Worn out by fatigue, anxiety, and the great heat, she fell seriously
+ill. Those nearest her begged her to go home and leave to others the
+final settlement of affairs, but she would not hear of this. She would
+get well: she _must_ get well! Rallying her forces, mental and physical,
+she did get well, though her illness for a time seemed desperate.
+
+At long last, when June was nearly half over, the money came, and with
+it the end of her long task. Accounts were audited, checks drawn,
+exhibits despatched; and with farewell greetings and congratulations,
+"the whole weary matter ended." Her report as President of the Woman's
+Department tells the story:
+
+"The business of the Woman's Department having thus been brought
+successfully to a close, it only remains for its President to resign the
+office she has filled, with some pain and much pleasure, for more than
+six months,--to thank the officers of her staff for their able and
+faithful services, the vice-presidents, and the lady commissioners in
+general, for the friendly support she has had from them almost without
+exception....
+
+"The classification by States she considers to have justified itself,
+partly through the more distinct knowledge thus gained of the work of
+women in localities widely distant from each other, partly in the good
+acquaintance and good-will developed by this method of work. The
+friendly relations growing out of it still bind together those who are
+now thousands of miles apart, but who, we may hope, will ever remain
+united in a common zeal for promoting the industrial interests of women.
+
+"Finally, she would say that she considers herself happy in having taken
+part in an Exposition of so high and useful a character as that which
+has latterly made New Orleans a centre of interest in the civilized
+world. She takes leave with regret of a city in which she has enjoyed
+much friendly intercourse and hospitality; a city in whose renewed
+prosperity she must henceforth feel a deep and lasting interest."
+
+
+                            _To Laura_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 19, 1885.
+
+How I left New Orleans, how I came North, how I let myself down here, is
+no doubt known to you thro' inference. How hot New Orleans was before I
+left it, you cannot know, nor how sick I was once upon a time, nor how I
+came up upon iced champagne and recovered myself, and became strong
+again. Ever since I came home, I have slaved at my report of the
+Woman's Department. Weary pages have I written. Life seems at last to
+consist in putting a pen into an inkstand, and taking it out again,
+scribble, scribble, nibble, nibble (meal-times), and go to bed between
+whiles....
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+So ended one of the most interesting and arduous experiences of her
+life. She always held in affectionate remembrance the city where she had
+enjoyed and suffered so much, and the friends she made there.
+
+
+                             _To Laura_
+
+                                      OAK GLEN, November 4, 1885.
+
+YOU LITTLE HATEFUL THING!
+
+Herewith returned is the letter you wrote for. I had a mind to send it
+to you, beast that you are, without one word, just to pay you for that
+postal. Of course, I meant to write you immediately afterward in a
+separate envelope, telling you that I still love you. But there! I
+reflected that you could have a bad feeling if you opened the envelope
+and found no greeting from me. For the sake of posterity, Madam, I
+declined to give you this bad feeling. I do also retain some
+proprietorship in a certain pair of eyes which are like Sapphira's. Oh!
+I mean sapphires, and I don't want to dim them with any tear diamonds.
+"You flatter yourself," replies the Good-Natured One,[96] "to think of
+my shedding tears about anything that you could say or do, or leave
+unsaid or undone." Just so. All right. I have got beefsteak for dinner
+to-day. What do you think of the weather, and does your husband know
+when your blacking is out?
+
+  [96] Laura had once been told that she "would not amount to much without
+  her good nature."
+
+Now, my sweet darling, your old Mammy is just back from a _tremendous_
+jaunt. I had a beautiful time in Iowa, and am as well as possible. Only
+think, travelling and at work for one calendar month, and not a finger
+ache, 'cept one day, when I had a slight headache. And I brought home
+over $200 earned by lectures....
+
+
+                      _To the same_
+
+                             THE BERKELEY NUISANCE,[97] NEW YORK,
+                                      December 26, 1885.
+
+... What have I been doing for the last eight weeks? Never you mind, my
+little dear. Mostly putting a girdle round the earth by correspondence,
+and some-ly worrying about my poor relations. Don't you flatter yourself
+that I ever thought of you under this head. But the ----, and the ----,
+and the ----, taken together, are enough to give one a turn at the
+worry-cat system. Well 'm, I had also to see the distribution of the
+whole edition of my New Orleans Report, and I can only compare this to
+the process of taking down a house, and of sending each individual brick
+somewhere, labelled with your compliments; supposing the bricks to be
+one thousand in number, it would take some time to distribute them,
+Harry Richards will be able to tell you how much time, and how many
+masculine oaths would go to each hundred of the articles. Well, that's
+enough about that. You have had one of my bricks sent you, and hang me
+if I believe you have read it. Sweetison (a new little 'spression which
+I have this minute invented), I stayed at Oak Glen until Monday last,
+which was the 21st. Then I came here by the way of Boston, and arrove on
+Tuesday evening. Our quarters, or rather eighths, are small, considering
+my papers and Maud's clothes. The food is fine, the style first-rate,
+the rigs imposing to a degree, but, ah! I kind of hate it all. New York
+is too frightfully dirty! and then so stereotyped and commonplace.
+Boston losing its prestige? Not as I am at present advised....
+
+  [97] Berkeley Chambers, where she and Maud spent this winter.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER V
+
+MORE CHANGES
+
+1886-1888; _aet._ 67-69
+
+GIULIA ROMANA ANAGNOS
+
+  Giulia Romana! how thy trembling beauty,
+    That oft would shudder at one breath of praise,
+  Comes back to me! before the trump of duty
+    Had marshalled thee in life's laborious ways.
+
+  We used to wonder at thy blush in hearing
+    Thy parents praised. We now know what it meant:
+  A consciousness of their gifts reappearing
+    Perchance in thine--to consummation blent.
+
+  Oh, she was beautiful, beyond all magic
+    Of sculptor's hand, or pencil to portray!
+  Something angelical, divinely tragic,
+    Tempered the smile that round her lips would play.
+
+  Dear first-born daughter of a hero's heart!
+    Pass to perfection, all but perfect here!
+  We weep not much, remembering where thou art,
+    Yet, child of Poesy! receive a tear.
+
+                                       T. W. PARSONS.
+
+
+The years 1886 and 1887 were marked by two events which changed
+materially the course of her private life: the death of Julia, the
+beloved eldest daughter, and the marriage of Maud, the house-mate and
+comrade.
+
+During the winter of 1885-86 she made her headquarters in New York.
+Lecture engagements, conferences, and sermons took her hither and
+thither, and much of the time that should have been "precious" was
+passed in trains and boats.
+
+In the last days of February, Julia was stricken with rheumatic fever,
+which soon developed into typhoid. The weather was "direful: bitter cold
+and furious wind." Our mother went at once to South Boston, where
+"arriving, found my dear child seriously but not dangerously ill. Her
+joy at my coming was very pathetic."
+
+On the 28th she writes:--
+
+"I cannot be sure whether it was on this day that she said to me:
+'Mamma, don't you remember the dream you had when Flossy and I were
+little children, and you were in Europe? You dreamed that you saw us in
+a boat and that the tide was carrying us away from you. Now the dream
+has come true, and the tide is bearing me away from you.'
+
+"This saying was very sad to me; but my mind was possessed with the
+determination that death was not to be thought of."
+
+For a time conditions seemed to improve, and she hastened to New York,
+where her presence was imperative; but a telegram summoned her back:
+Julia was not so well, and "a pain as of death" fell on the anxious
+mother.
+
+"Saw by Katie's face when she opened the door that things were worse. I
+flew up the stairs and found my darling little changed, except that her
+breathing seemed rather worse. She was so glad to see me!... About this
+time I noticed a change come over her sweet face.... I felt, but would
+not believe, that it was the beginning of the end. Julia was presently
+very happy, with Michael on one side of her and myself on the other.
+Each of us held a hand. She said: 'I am very happy now: if one has
+one's parents and one's husband, what more can one want?' And presently,
+'The angels have charge of me now, mamma and Mimy.'[98] She said to me:
+'What does the Lord want to kill me for? I am dying.' I said, 'No, my
+darling, you are going to get well.' She said: 'Remember, if anything
+happens to me, you two must stay together.'... A little later Michael
+and I were alone with her. She began to wander, and talk as if with
+reference to her club or some such thing. 'If this is not the right
+thing,' she said, 'call another priestess'; then, very emphatically:
+'Truth, truth.' These were her last words.
+
+  [98] Michael.
+
+"My darling should have been forty-two years old this day...."
+
+A few days later she writes to Mary Graves:--
+
+"I am not wild, nor melancholy, nor inconsolable, but I feel as America
+might if some great, fair State were blotted from its map, leaving only
+a void for the salt and bitter sea to overwhelm. I cannot, so far, get
+any comfort from other worldly imaginings. If God says anything to me
+now, he says, 'Thou fool.' The truth is that we have no notion of the
+value and beauty of God's gifts until they are taken from us. Then He
+may well say: 'Thou fool,' and we can only answer to our name."
+
+The Journal says:--
+
+"This is the last day of this sorrowful March which took my dear one
+from me. I seem to myself only dull, hard, and confused under this
+affliction. I pray God to give me comfort by raising me up that I may
+be nearer to the higher life into which she and her dear father have
+passed. And thou? _eleison_...."
+
+"Have had an uplifting of soul to-day. Have written to Mary Graves: 'I
+am at last getting to stand where I can have some spiritual outlook.'
+The confusion of 'is not' is giving place to the steadfastness of 'is.'
+Have embodied my thoughts in a poem to my dear Julia and in some pages
+which I may read at the meeting intended to commemorate her by the New
+England Woman's Club."
+
+The Journal of this spring is full of tender allusions to the beloved
+daughter. The dreams of night often brought back the gracious figure;
+these visions are accurately described, each detail dwelt on with loving
+care.
+
+In the "Reminiscences" she tells of Julia's consecrated life, of her
+devotion to her father, and to the blind pupils; describes, too, her
+pleasure in speaking at the Concord School of Philosophy (where her
+"mind seemed to have found its true level") and in a Metaphysical Club
+of her own founding.
+
+"It was beautiful to see her seated in the midst of this thoughtful
+circle, which she seemed to rule with a staff of lilies. The club was
+one in which diversity of opinion sometimes brought individuals into
+sharp contrast with each other; but her gentle government was able to
+bring harmony out of discord, and to subdue alike the crudeness of
+scepticism and the fierceness of intolerance."
+
+In the "Reminiscences" we find also the record of Julia's parting
+injunction to her husband: "Be kind to the little blind children, for
+they are papa's children."
+
+"These parting words," our mother adds, "are inscribed on the wall of
+the Kindergarten for the Blind at Jamaica Plain. Beautiful in life, and
+most beautiful in death, her sainted memory has a glory beyond that of
+worldly fame."
+
+She considered Julia the most gifted of her children. The
+"Reminiscences" speak of her at some length, making mention of her
+beneficent life, and of her published works, a volume of poems entitled
+"Stray Chords," and "Philosophiae Quaestor," a slender volume in which she
+described the Concord School of Philosophy and her pleasure therein.
+
+In our mother's house of life, each child had its special room, though
+no door was locked to any. In all things pertaining to philosophy, Julia
+was her special intimate. For help and sympathy in suffrage and club
+doings, she turned naturally to Florence, an ardent worker in these
+fields; with Harry she would specially enjoy music; with Laura would
+talk of books; while Maud was the "Prime Minister" in social and
+household matters. So, till the very last, we gray-haired children
+leaned on her, clung to her, as in the days when we were children
+indeed.
+
+A few years before Julia's death, our mother wrote to Mrs. Cheney, who
+had lost her only daughter: "This combat of the soul with deadly sorrow
+is a single-handed one, so far as human help is concerned. I do believe
+that God's sweet angels are with us when we contend against the extreme
+of calamity."
+
+Heavy as this affliction was, it brought none of the paralysis of grief
+caused by Sammy's death: rather, as after the passing of the Chevalier,
+she was urged by the thought of her dead child to more and higher
+efforts.
+
+In the quiet of Oak Glen she wrote this summer a careful study of Dante
+and Beatrice, for the Concord School of Philosophy.[99] July 20 found
+her at Concord, where she and Julia had been wont to go together. She
+says, "I cannot think of the sittings of the School without a vision of
+the rapt expression of her face as she sat and listened to the various
+speakers."[100]
+
+  [99] This was a summer school of ten years (1879-88) in which Emerson,
+  Alcott, and W. T. Harris took part.
+
+  [100] _Reminiscences_, p. 440.
+
+Spite of her grief in missing this sweet companionship she found the
+sessions of the School deeply interesting. She was "much more nervous
+than usual" about her lecture; which "really sounded a good deal better
+than it had looked to me. It was wonderfully well received."
+
+We are told by the last living representative of the School of
+Philosophy, Mr. F. B. Sanborn, that she was the most attractive, and
+sometimes the most profound, of its lecturers; "had the largest
+audiences, and gave the most pleasure; especially when she joined
+delicate personal criticism or epigrammatic wit with high philosophy."
+
+The meetings of the School were always a delight to her; the papers
+written for it were among her most valuable essays; indeed, we may look
+upon them as the flowering of all her deep and painful toil in the
+field of philosophy.[101]
+
+  [101] These essays were published in a volume entitled _Is Polite
+  Society Polite?_
+
+September finds her planning an "industrial circle" in each State; a
+woman's industrial convention hereafter; and attending a Suffrage
+Convention at Providence.
+
+"Spoke of the divine right, not of kings or people, but of
+righteousness. Spoke of Ouida's article in the 'North American Review.'
+It had been reported that I declined to answer it. I said: 'You cannot
+mend a stocking which is _all_ holes. If you hold it up it will fall to
+pieces of itself.'
+
+"In the afternoon spoke about the Marthas, male and female, who see only
+the trouble and inconvenience of reform: of the Marys who rely upon
+principle."
+
+After this we have "a day of dreadful hurry, preparing to go West and
+also to shut up this house. Had to work _tight_ every minute...."
+
+This Western lecture trip was like many others, yet it had its own
+peculiar pleasures and mishaps.
+
+"_October 12._ Dunkirk, lecture.... No one must know that I got off at
+the wrong station--Perrysburg, a forlorn hamlet. No train that would
+bring me to Dunkirk before 6.30 P.M. Ought to have arrived at 1.30. Went
+to the 'hotel,' persuaded the landlord to lend his buggy and a kindly
+old fellow to harness his horses to it, and drove twenty miles or more
+over the mountains, reaching Dunkirk by 5.10 P.M. When the buggy was
+brought to the door of the hotel, I said: 'How am I to get in?' 'Take
+it slow and learn to pedal,' said my old driver. Presently he said, 'I
+guess you ain't so old as I be.' I replied, 'I am pretty well on toward
+seventy.' 'Well, I am five years beyond,' said he. He drives an
+accommodation wagon between Perrysburg and Versailles, a small town
+where a man once wanted to set up a mill, and to buy land and water
+power, and they wouldn't sell either. Whereupon he went to Tonawanda and
+made the place. 'Guess they'd have done better to gin him the land and
+water, and to set up his mill for him,' said my man, Hinds."
+
+On this trip she saw the Mammoth Cave of Kentucky, taking the seven-mile
+walk; went as far as Kansas City; was received everywhere with
+delightful warmth.
+
+
+                                 _To Laura_
+
+                                                December 1, 1886.
+
+You see, I was waiting for the winter to begin, in order to write you,
+and that you ought to have known. But bless you, in Gardiner, Maine, you
+don't know when real _Winter_ begins, 'cause you have so much sham
+winter. Well, better late than never. Here's thanking you very much for
+the delightful [tea] cozy. Maud said, "What are you going to do with
+it?" sarcastic-like. I replied, "Put it on my head"; to which she
+_inquit_, "Most natural thing for you to do." The sight of the monogram
+gave me real satisfaction and a sense of inborn dignity. You boil down
+to your monogram, after all, and this one was beyond my highest
+expectations. I am only thinking, dear, whether you would not have
+shown more respect by putting the crimson satin bow on the monogram
+side, and thus, as it were, calling attention to the distinguished
+initials.... I am grinding now in all of my mills, of which one is a
+paper for the "Woman Suffrage Bazaar," which paper I am doing my best to
+edit. I cannot in conscience ask you to send me anything for its
+columns, because, poor dear, you have to do so much work on your own
+account. At the same time, a trifling overflow into the hat would be
+very welcome....
+
+
+Winter brought another grave anxiety. Florence in her turn developed
+rheumatic fever and became alarmingly ill. The mother-bird flew to her
+in terror. On the way she met Henry Ward Beecher and told him of her
+deep distress, made still more poignant by the thought of the little
+children who might be left motherless. She was scarcely comforted by his
+assurance that he "had known stepmothers who were very good to their
+stepchildren"!
+
+It was Christmas time, and she divided her time between the beloved
+patient and the children who must not lack their holiday cheer.
+
+"_December 27._ The day was a very distressing one to me. I sat much of
+the time beside Flossy with a strange feeling that I could keep her
+alive by some effort of my will. I seemed to contend with God, saying,
+'I gave up Julia, I can't give up Flossy--she has children.'..."
+
+"_December 28._ Most of the day with dear Flossy, who seems a little
+better. I sat up with her until 1.30 A.M., and made a great effort of
+will to put her to sleep. I succeeded--she slept well for more than an
+hour and slept again for a good while without any narcotic."
+
+Throughout the illness she fought against the use of narcotics.
+
+The cloud of danger and anxiety passed, and the year closed in happiness
+and deep thankfulness. The last entry reads:--
+
+"God bless all my dear people, sisters, children, grandchildren, and
+cousins. God grant me also to serve while I live, and not to fail of the
+high and holy life. Amen!"
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+                                        Monday, January 31, 1887.
+
+Now, you just look here.
+
+Daughter began her school and music to-day. Nobody's a-neglecting of
+her. What you mean? Grandma took her to Clarke church, prouder than a
+peacock,--Grandma, I mean.
+
+Congregation _inquit_: "Whose child is that?"
+
+"Laura's," _responsa sum_.
+
+"_Id cogitavi_" was the general answer. And she's pop'lar, she is.
+Little fourteen-year-olds keep a-coming and a-coming. And I draws her
+bath, and tucks her up in bed. And she's having a splendid time. And I
+want some more of this paper. And my feelings won't allow me to say any
+more. No--my dearest sweetest pug pie, your darling won't be forgotten
+for a moment. We couldn't get at the lessons before, and last week,
+like strong drink, was raging.
+
+                                 'Fectionate
+
+                                                              MA.
+
+Maud was now engaged to John Elliott, a young Scottish painter, whose
+acquaintance they had made in Europe in 1878. The marriage took place on
+February 7, 1887. Though there were many periods of separation, the
+Elliotts, when in this country, made their home for the most part with
+our mother. The affection between her and her son-in-law was deep; his
+devotion to her constant. Through the years that were to follow, the
+comradeship of the three was hardly less intimate than that of the two
+had been.
+
+The Journal carries us swiftly onward. In place of the long meditations
+on philosophy and metaphysics, we have brief notes of comings and
+goings, of speaking and preaching, writing and reading. She works hard
+to finish her paper on "Women in the Three Professions, Law, Medicine,
+and Theology," for the "Chautauquan." "Very tired afterwards."
+
+She speaks at the Newport Opera House with Mrs. Livermore (who said she
+did not know Mrs. Howe could speak so well); she takes part in the
+Authors' Reading for the Longfellow Memorial in the Boston Museum,
+reciting "Our Orders" and the "Battle Hymn," with her lines to
+Longfellow recently composed.
+
+"I wore my velvet gown, my mother's lace, Uncle Sam's _Saint Esprit_,
+and did my best, as did all the others."
+
+The next day she speaks at a suffrage meeting in Providence, and makes
+this comment:--
+
+"Woman suffrage represents individual right, integral humanity, ideal
+justice. I spoke of the attitude and action of Minerva in the
+'Eumenides';[102] her resistance to the Furies, who I said personified
+popular passion fortified by ancient tradition; her firm stand for a
+just trial, and her casting the decisive ballot. I hoped that this would
+prefigure a great life-drama in which this gracious prophecy would be
+realized."
+
+  [102] Cf. AEschylus.
+
+In a "good talk with Miss Eddy,"[103] she devises a correspondence and
+circular to obtain information concerning art clubs throughout the
+country. "I am to draft the circular."
+
+  [103] Miss Sarah J. Eddy, then of Providence, a granddaughter of Francis
+  Jackson.
+
+She makes an address at the Unitarian Club in Providence.
+
+"The keynote to this was given me yesterday, by the sight of the people
+who thronged the popular churches, attracted, in a great measure no
+doubt, by the Easter decoration and music. I thought: 'What a pity that
+everybody cannot hear Phillips Brooks.' I also thought: 'They can all
+hear the lesson of heavenly truth in the great Church of All Souls and
+of All Saints; _there_ is room enough and to spare.'"
+
+She writes a poem for the Blind Kindergarten at Jamaica Plain.
+
+"I worked at my poem until the last moment and even changed it from the
+manuscript as I recited it. The occasion was most interesting. Sam Eliot
+presided, and made a fine opening address, in which he spoke
+beautifully of dear Julia and her service to the blind; also of her
+father. I was joined by Drs. Peabody and Bartol, Brooke Herford and
+Phillips Brooks. They all spoke delightfully and were delightful to be
+with. I recited my poem as well as I could. I think it was well liked,
+and I was glad of the work I bestowed on it."
+
+She preaches at Parker Fraternity[104] on "The Ignorant Classes."
+
+  [104] Boston.
+
+Small wonder that at the Club Tea she finds herself "not over-bright."
+Still, she had a "flash or two. The state of Karma [calmer], orchestral
+conversation, and solo speaking."
+
+She hears the Reverend William Rounceville Alger's paper on the "Blessed
+Life." "Very spiritual and in a way edifying; but marred by what I
+should call 'mixed metaphysic.' One goes beyond his paper to feel a deep
+sympathy with him, a man of intense intellectual impulse, in following
+which he undergoes a sort of martyrdom; while yet he does not seem to me
+to hit the plain, practical truth so much as one might wish. He is an
+estray between Western and Eastern thought, inclining a good deal,
+though not exclusively, to the latter."
+
+She goes to conferences of women preachers, to peace meetings; to
+jubilee meetings, in honor of Queen Victoria; she conducts services at
+the Home for Intemperate Women, and thinks it was a good time.
+
+She "bites into" her paper on Aristophanes, "with a very aching head";
+finishes it, delivers it at Concord before the School of Philosophy.
+
+"Before I began, I sent this one word to Davidson,[105] _eleison_. This
+because it seemed as if he might resent my assuming to speak at all of
+the great comedian. He seemed, however, to like what I said, and in the
+discussion which followed, he took part with me, against Sanborn, who
+accuses Aristophanes of having always lent his wit to the service of the
+old aristocratic party. Returned to Boston and took train for Weirs, New
+Hampshire, where arrived more dead than alive."
+
+  [105] Thomas Davidson, founder of the "New Fellowship" (London and New
+  York) and of the "Breadwinners' College."
+
+She is at Newport now, and there are tender notes of pleasure with the
+Hall grandchildren, of "reading and prayers" with them on Sunday, of
+picnics and sailing parties.
+
+Still, in dreams, she calls back the lost daughter; still records with
+anxious care each visionary word and gesture.
+
+"Dreamed this morning of Charles Sumner and dearest Julia. She was
+talking to me; part of the time reclining on a sort of lounge. I said to
+some one, 'This is our own dear Julia, feel how warm she is.'... I think
+I said something about our wanting to see her oftener. She said
+pathetically, 'Can't you talk of me?' I said, 'We do, darling.' 'Not
+very often,' I think was her reply. Then she seemed to come very near
+me, and I said to her, 'Darling, do they let you come here as often as
+you want to?' She said, 'Not quite.' I asked why, and she answered
+almost inaudibly, 'They are afraid of my troubling people.' I stirred
+and woke; but the dear vision remains with me, almost calling me across
+the silent sea."
+
+She writes innumerable letters; date and address of each is carefully
+noted, and now and then an abstract of her words.
+
+"The bane of all representative action is that the spur of personal
+ambition will carry people further than larger and more generous
+considerations of good are apt to do. So the mean-hearted and ambitious
+are always forward in politics; while those who believe in great
+principles are perhaps too much inclined to let the principles do all
+the work...."
+
+The following extracts hurry the year to its close:--
+
+"_November 7._ Left for Boston by 10.20 A.M. train, to attend the
+celebration of Michael's [Anagnos] fiftieth birthday at the Institution,
+and the opening meeting of the N.E.W.C.... Arriving in Boston, I ran
+about somewhat, fatiguing myself dreadfully. Reached the Institution by
+4.30 P.M., when, throwing myself on the bed for necessary rest, the
+desired rhymes for Anagnos's birthday flashed upon me, 'all of a
+sudden,' and instead of napping, I called for pen and ink and wrote
+them. The meeting was very good; I presided. Dwight and Rodocanachi made
+speeches, the latter presenting the beautiful chain given to Michael by
+the teachers of the Institution. Michael was much moved and could not
+but be much gratified. I proposed three cheers at the end."
+
+"I stole half an hour to attend a meeting in memory of Hannah
+Stephenson [the friend and house-mate of Theodore Parker] of whom much
+good was said that I did not know of. I reproached myself for having
+always been repelled by her ugliness of countenance and tart manner, and
+having thus failed to come within the sphere of her really noble
+influence. The occasion recalled a whole vision of the early and painful
+struggle in Boston; of the martyrdom of feeling endured by friends of
+the slave--of Parker's heroic house and pulpit. It seemed, as it often
+does, great to have known these things, little to have done so little in
+consequence."
+
+"_November 27._ Finished my lecture on 'Woman in the Greek Drama.' It
+was high time, as my head and eyes are tired with the persistent
+strain.... All the past week has been hard work. No pleasure reading
+except a very little in the evening."
+
+"_December 1...._ Took 2.30 train for Melrose.... I read my new
+lecture--'Woman as shown by the Greek Dramatists': of whom I quoted from
+AEschylus, Sophocles, and Aristophanes. A Club Tea followed: a pleasant
+one. I asked the mothers present whether they educated their daughters
+in hygiene and housekeeping. The response was not enthusiastic, and
+people were more disposed to talk of the outer world, careers of women,
+business or profession, than to speak of the home business. One young
+girl, however, told us that she was a housekeeping girl; a very pleasant
+lady, Mrs. Burr, had been trained by her mother, to her own great
+advantage."
+
+"_December 18._ For the [Parker] Fraternity a text occurs to me, 'Upon
+this rock I will build my church.' Will speak of the simple religious
+element in human nature, the loss of which no critical skill or insight
+could replace. Will quote some of the acts and expressions of the true
+religious zeal of other days, and ask why this means nothing for us of
+to-day."
+
+Her first act of 1888 was to preach this sermon before the Parker
+Fraternity. It was one of those best liked by herself and others.
+
+The great event of this year was her visit to California. She had never
+seen the Pacific Coast; the Elliotts were going to Chicago for an
+indefinite stay; her sister Annie, whom she had not seen in many years,
+begged earnestly for a visit from the "Old Bird."
+
+She decided to make the journey, and arranged a lecture tour to cover
+its expenses.
+
+The expedition was throughout one of deepest interest. It began with "a
+day of frightful hurry and fatigue. I had been preparing for this
+departure for some time past; yet when the time came, it seemed as if I
+could hardly get off. Maud worked hard to help me. She insisted upon
+arranging matters for me; went to the bank; got my ticket. We parted
+cheerfully, yet I felt the wrench. God knows whether she will ever be in
+my house again, as my partner in care and responsibility...."
+
+After an "A.A.W." conference in Boston, and a Woman's Council in
+Washington, she took the road. Her first stop was at Chicago. Here she
+was "very busy and not quite well. Divided the day between Maud and some
+necessary business. At 3.15 P.M. the dreadful wrench took place. Maud
+was very brave, but I know that she felt it as I did...."
+
+
+                                  _To Maud_
+
+                                          MERCHANTS' HOTEL,
+                                   ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, April 10.
+
+So far, so good, my dear sweet child. I got me off as well as possible,
+though we had many complications and delays as to the ticket. My section
+was very comfortable. I had supper in the dining-car, and slept well, no
+theatre-troupe nor D. T. being aboard. I have now got my ticket all
+straight to 'Frisco, and won't I frisk oh! when I get there!
+
+
+The next stop was at Spokane Falls. Here she had "a bronchial attack;
+very hoarse and sore in my throat and chest. Went over my lecture
+carefully, leaving out some pages. Felt absolute need of tea-stimulant,
+and went downtown, finding some in a grocer's shop. The good servant
+Dora made me a hot cup which refreshed me greatly. Very hoarse at my
+lecture. Opera House a good one enough; for a desk, a box mounted on a
+barrel, all covered with a colored paper; decent enough. Lecture:
+'Polite Society'; well received." The Spokane of to-day may smile at the
+small things of yesterday; yet our mother always spoke with pleasure of
+her cordial reception there.
+
+Walla Walla, Walula, Paser. In the last-named place she "found a tavern
+with many claimants for beds. Mrs. Isaacs, who came with me from Walla
+Walla for a little change of air, could not have a separate room, and
+we were glad to share not only a small room but also a three-quarters
+bed. I was cramped and slept miserably. She was very quiet and amiable."
+
+At Tacoma again (on the way whither she felt as if her life hung by a
+thread while crossing the Notch), there was but one room for the two
+ladies, but they occupied it "very peacefully."
+
+After church at Tacoma "we heard singing in one of the parlors, and went
+in quest of it. In the great parlor of the hotel where hops take place,
+we found an assemblage of men and women, mostly young, singing Gospel
+hymns, with an accompaniment of grand piano. The Bishop of New Zealand
+stood in the middle of the apartment singing with gusto. Presently he
+took his place at the instrument, his wife joining him as if she thought
+his situation dangerous for a 'lone hand.' A little later, some one, who
+appeared to act as master of ceremonies, asked me to come over and be
+introduced to the Bishop, to which I consented. His first question was:
+'Are you going to New Zealand immediately?' He is a Londoner. 'Ah, come;
+with all your States, you can show nothing like London.' Being asked for
+a brief address, he spoke very readily, with a frank, honest face, and
+in a genial, offhand manner. A good specimen of his sort, not
+fine-brained, nor over-brained, but believing in religion and glad to
+devote his life to it. The Bishop has blue eyes and a shaggy head of
+grizzled hair."
+
+After Tacoma came "hospitable Seattle"; where she lectured and attended
+a meeting of the Seattle Emerson Club; then to Olympia, by a small Sound
+steamer.
+
+"A queer old bachelor on board, hearing me say that I should like to
+live in Washington Territory, said he would give me a handsome house and
+lot if I would live in Olympia, at which several Olympians present
+laughed."
+
+She left Olympia by train, _en route_ for Portland. The conductor,
+"Brown by name," saw the name on her valise, and claimed acquaintance,
+remembering her when she lived in Boylston Place. Soon after, passing a
+lovely little mill-stream, with a few houses near it, by name Tumwater,
+she consulted him as to the value of land there, with the result that
+she bought several acres of "good bottom land."
+
+This was one of several small purchases of land made during her various
+journeyings. She always hoped that they would bring about large results:
+the Tumwater property was specially valued by her, though she never set
+foot in the place. The pioneer was strong in her, as it was in the
+Doctor; the romance of travel never failed to thrill her. Speeding
+hither and thither by rail, her eye caught beauty and desirableness in a
+flash; the settler stirred in her blood, and she longed to possess and
+to develop. Tumwater she fondly hoped was to bring wealth to the two
+eldest grandchildren, to whom she bequeathed it.
+
+In Portland she spent several days, lectured three times, and was most
+hospitably entertained. On her one disengaged evening she went down into
+the hotel parlor, played for the guests to dance, played accompaniments
+for them to sing. She spoke to the school children; "she made slight
+acquaintance with various people," most of whom told her the story of
+their lives. Briefly, she touched life at every point.
+
+Finally, on May 5, she reached San Francisco, and a few hours later the
+ranch of San Geronimo, where the Mailliards had been living for some
+years.
+
+"Situation very beautiful," she says; "a cup in the mountains." Here she
+found her beloved sister Annie, the "little Hitter" of her early
+letters; here she spent happy days, warm with outer and inner sunshine.
+
+California was a-tiptoe with eagerness to see and hear the author of the
+"Battle Hymn"; many lectures were planned, in San Francisco and
+elsewhere. The Journal gives but brief glimpses of this California
+visit, which she always recalled with delight as one of the best of all
+her "great good times." In the newspaper clippings, preserved in a
+scrapbook, we find the adjectives piled mountain high in praise and
+appreciation. Though not yet seventy, she was already, in the eye of the
+youthful reporter, "aged"; her silver hair was dwelt on lovingly; people
+were amazed at her activity. One of the great occasions was the
+celebration of Decoration Day by the Grand Army of the Republic in the
+Grand Opera House, at which she was the guest of honor. The house was
+packed; the stage brilliant with flowers and emblems. Her name was
+cheered to the echo. She spoke a few words of acknowledgment.
+
+"I join in this celebration with thrilled and uplifted heart. I remember
+those camp-fires, I remember those dreadful battles. It was a question
+with us women, 'Will our men prevail? Until they do they will not come
+home.' How we blessed them when they did; how we blessed them with our
+prayers when they were in the battlefield. Those were times of sorrow;
+this is one of joy. Let us thank God, who has given us these victories."
+
+The audience rose _en masse_, and stood while the "Battle Hymn" was
+sung, author and audience joining in the chorus.
+
+After her second lecture in Santa Barbara, she "sauntered a little, and
+spent a little money. Bought some imperfect pearls which will look well
+when set. Wanted a handsome brooch which I saw; thought I had best
+conquer my desire, and did so."
+
+At Ventura: "Got so tired that I could hardly dress for lecture." The
+next day she proposed to Mrs. S. at dinner (1 P.M.) to invite some young
+people for the evening, promising to play for them to dance. "She [Mrs.
+S.] ordered a buggy and drove about the village. Her son stretched a
+burlap on the straw matting and waxed it. About thirty came. We had some
+sweet music, singers with good voices, and among others a pupil of
+Perabo, who was really interesting and remarkable."
+
+At one of the hospitable cities, a gentleman asked her to drive with
+him, drove her about for a couple of hours, descanting upon the beauties
+of the place, and afterwards proclaimed that Mrs. Howe was the most
+agreeable woman he had ever met. "And I never once opened my lips!" she
+said.
+
+On June 10 she preached in Oakland: "the one sermon which I have felt
+like preaching in these parts: 'Thou art Peter, and upon this rock.' The
+house was well filled.... After service as I leaned over to speak to
+those who stopped to greet me, I saw one of our old church-members, who
+told me, with eyes full of tears, that our dear James Freeman Clarke is
+no more. This was like an ice-bolt; I could not realize it at first.
+
+  "'A very tender history
+  Did in your passing fall.'
+
+"Years of sweet converse, of following and dependence, end with this
+event."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+So we come to the last day at the ranch, the parting with the dear
+sister; the departure for San Francisco, laden with roses and good
+wishes.
+
+On the way eastward she stopped at Salt Lake City, and went to the
+Mormon Tabernacle; "an enormous building with a roof like the back of a
+turtle; many tourists present. The Mormons mostly an ill-looking and
+ill-smelling crowd. Bishop Whitney, a young man, preached a cosmopolite
+sermon, quoting Milton and Emerson. He spoke of the Christian Church
+with patronizing indulgence; insisted upon the doctrine of immediate and
+personal revelation, and censured the Mormons for sometimes considering
+their families before their church. Communion, bread in silver baskets
+and water in silver cups, handed to every one, children partaking with
+the rest; no solemnity."
+
+"_June 26._ To visit the penitentiary, where thirty Mormon bishops are
+imprisoned for polygamy. Spoke with one, Bishop of Provo, a rather
+canny-looking man, whom we found in the prison library, reading. The
+librarian (four years' term for forgery) told me it was the result of
+liquor and bad company. I said a few motherly words to him and presently
+proposed to speak to the prisoners, to which the jailer gladly assented.
+I began by saying, 'I feel to speak to you, my brothers.' Said that all
+of us make mistakes and many of us do wrong at times. Exhorted them to
+give, in future, obedience to the laws upon which the existence of
+society depends. The convict Montrose sent to me a little chain and
+ornaments of his own making. I promised to send one or two books for the
+library...."
+
+So, through "bowery and breezy Nebraska; such a relief to eyes and
+nerves!" to Chicago, where Maud kept and comforted her as long as might
+be, and sent her refreshed on her way; finally to Boston, where she
+arrived half-starved, and so to Newport.
+
+
+                              _To Maud_
+
+                                                    July 8, 1888.
+
+  Grumble, grumble--tumble, tumble,
+  For something to eat,
+  Fast-y fast-y nasty, nasty,
+  At last, at last-y,
+  Ma's dead beat!
+
+"Oh! the dust of it, and the swirl, in which the black porter and the
+white babies all seemed mixed up together. A few dried and withered old
+women, like myself, were thrown in, an occasional smoky gent, and the
+gruel 'thick and slab,' was what is called Human Nature! This is the
+spleeny vein, and I indulge it to make you laugh, but really, my journey
+was as comfortable as heat and speed would allow. Imagine my feelings on
+learning that there was no dining or buffet car! Do not grieve about
+this, the biscuits and bananas which you put up carried me quite a way.
+We got a tolerable breakfast at Cleveland, and a bad dinner at Buffalo,
+but dry your eyes, the strawberry shortcake was uncommonly good. And
+think how good it is that I have got through with it all and can now
+rest good and handsome."
+
+
+The summer entries in the Journal are varied and picturesque. "My cow,
+of which I was fond, was found dead this morning.... My neighbor Almy
+was very kind.... I feel this a good deal, but complaining will not help
+matters."
+
+"Mr. Bancroft [George], historian, brought Dr. Hedge to call after
+dinner. Mr. B. kissed me on both cheeks for the first time in his life.
+We had a very pleasant and rather brilliant talk, as might have been
+expected where such men meet."
+
+She writes to Maud:--
+
+"Mr. Alger seized upon my left ear metaphorically and emptied into it
+all the five-syllable words that he knew, and the result was a mingling
+of active and passive lunacy, for I almost went mad and he had not far
+to go in that direction."
+
+And again; apropos of ----: "How the great world does use up a man! It
+is not merely the growing older, for that is a natural and simple
+process; but it is the coating of worldliness which seems to varnish
+the life out of a man; dead eyes, dead smile, and (worst of all) dead
+breath."
+
+"_September 23_. To church in Newport. A suggestive sermon from Mr.
+Alger on 'Watching,' _i.e._, upon all the agencies that watch us,
+children, foes, friends, critics, authorities, spirits, God himself.
+
+"As we drove into town [Newport] I had one of those momentary glimpses
+which in things spiritual are so infinitely precious. The idea became
+clear and present to my mind that God, an actual presence, takes note of
+our actions and intentions. I thought how helpful it would be to us to
+pass our lives in a sense of this divine supervision. After this inward
+experience I was almost startled by the theme of Alger's sermon. I spoke
+to him of the coincidence, and he said it must have been a thought wave.
+The thought is one to which I have need to cling. I have at this moment
+mental troubles, obsessions of imagination, from which I pray to be
+delivered. While this idea of the divine presence was clear to me, I
+felt myself lifted above these things. May this lifting continue."
+
+"_November 4._ In my prayer this morning I thanked God that I have come
+to grieve more over my moral disappointments than over my intellectual
+ones. With my natural talents I had nothing to do: with my use or abuse
+of them, everything.
+
+"I have thought, too, lately, of a reason why we should not neglect our
+duty to others for our real or supposed duty to ourselves. It is this:
+ourselves we have always with us; our fellows flit from our company, or
+pass away and we must help them when and while we can."
+
+On December 5 she hears "the bitter news of Abby May's death. Alas! and
+alas! for the community, for her many friends, and for the Club and the
+Congress in which she did such great silent service. God rest her in His
+sweet peace!"
+
+On Christmas Day she went to "Trinity Church, where I enjoyed Phillips
+Brooks's sermon. Felt much drawn to go to communion with the rest; but
+thought it might occasion surprise and annoyance. Going into a remote
+upper gallery I was present at the scene, and felt that I had my
+communion without partaking of the 'elements.' These lines also
+suggested themselves as I walked home:--
+
+  "The Universal bread,
+  The sacrificial wine,
+  The glory of the thorn-crowned head,
+  Humanity divine."
+
+"The last day of the year dawned upon me, bringing solemn thoughts of
+the uncertainty of life, and sorrow for such misuse of its great gifts
+and opportunities as I am well conscious of. This has been a good year
+to me. It carried me to the Pacific slope, and showed me indeed a land
+of promise. It gave me an unexpected joy in the harmonious feelings
+toward me and the members of A.A.W. at the Detroit Congress. It has,
+alas! taken from me my dear pastor, most precious to me for help and
+instruction, and other dear and valued friends, notably Sarah Shaw
+Russell,[106] Abby W. May and Carrie Tappan.[107] I desire to set my
+house in order, and be ready for my departure; thankful to live, or
+willing to cease from my mortal life when God so wills...."
+
+  [106] Mrs. George Russell, widow of the Doctor's friend and college
+  chum.
+
+  [107] Caroline Tappan was Caroline Sturgis, daughter of Captain William
+  Sturgis, and sister of Ellen (Sturgis) Hooper,--member of the inmost
+  Transcendentalist circle, and friend of Emerson, Ellery Channing, and
+  Margaret Fuller.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VI
+
+SEVENTY YEARS YOUNG
+
+1889-1890; _aet._ 70-71
+
+  The seven decades of my years
+  I figure like those Pleiad spheres
+  Which, thro' the heaven's soft impulse moved,
+  Still seek a sister star beloved.
+
+  Thro' many sorrows, more delight,
+  Thro' miracles in sound and sight,
+  Thro' battles lost and battles won,
+  These star-spaced years have led me on.
+
+  Though long behind me shows the path,
+  The future still its promise hath,
+  For tho' the past be fair and fond,
+  The perfect number lies beyond.
+
+                                     J. W. H.
+
+She was dissatisfied with herself in these days.
+
+"_January 1, 1889._ In my prayer this night I asked for weight and
+earnestness of purpose. I am too frivolous and frisky."
+
+"On waking I said, 'If God does not help me this day, I shall not be
+able to finish my address' [for a Washington's Birthday celebration at
+Newport]."
+
+She thinks He did help her, as she found the vein of what she wished to
+say, and finished it to her "tolerable satisfaction."
+
+"As I entered the hall in the evening, the thought of Cinderella struck
+me, and I used it by comparing the fashion, of which we make so much
+account, to Cinderella with her rat horses and pumpkin carriage, so
+resplendent until her hour came; then the horses would not carry her,
+the golden coach would not hold her, her illusory grandeur was at an
+end. Our cause of truth and justice I compared to the Princess in her
+enchanted sleep, who lies spellbound until the true champion comes to
+rescue her, and the two go forth together, to return to sleep and
+diversion, oh, never more."
+
+
+This is the note throughout the Journal; the record of work, the prayer
+for strength. Yet the friskiness was there; no one but herself would
+have had less of it.
+
+She had already entered the happy estate of grandmotherhood, and enjoyed
+it to the full. New songs must be made for the little new people, new
+games invented. We see her taking a grandchild's hands in hers, and
+improvising thus:--
+
+  "We have two hands,
+  To buckle bands!
+  We have ten fingers,
+  To make clotheswringers!
+  We have two thumbs,
+  To pick up crumbs!
+  We have two heels,
+  To bob for eels!
+  We have ten toes,
+  To match our nose!"
+
+If the child be tired or fretful, "Hush!" says the grandmother. "Be
+good, and I will play you the 'Canarybird's Funeral.'" Off they go to
+the piano, and the "Canarybird's Funeral" is improvised, and must be
+played over and over, for this and succeeding grandchildren. For them,
+too, she composed the musical drama of "Flibbertigibbet," which she was
+to play and recite for so many happy children, and grown folks too.
+Flibbertigibbet was a black imp who appeared one day in the
+market-place, and playing a jig on his fiddle, set all the people
+dancing whether they would or no. She played the jig, and one did not
+wonder at the people. Next came Flibbertigibbet's march, which he played
+on his way to prison; his melancholy, as he sat in durance; the cats on
+the roof of his prison; finally, entrance of the benevolent fairy, who
+whisks him off in a balloon to fairyland. All these, voice and piano
+gave together: nobody who heard "Flibbertigibbet" ever forgot it. She
+set Mother Goose to music for the grandchildren; singing of Little Boy
+Blue, and the Man in the Moon. She thought these nursery melodies among
+her best compositions; from time to time, however, other and graver airs
+came to her, dreamed over the piano on summer evenings, or in twilight
+walks among the Newport meadows. Some of these airs were gathered and
+published in later years.[108]
+
+  [108] _Song Album._ Published by G. Schirmer & Co.
+
+
+In May of this year she notes the closing of a life long associated with
+hers.
+
+"_May 24._ Laura Bridgman died to-day at about 12 M. This event brings
+with it solemn suggestions, which my overcrowded brain cannot adequately
+follow. Her training was a beautiful out-blossoming from the romance of
+my husband's philanthropy. She has taught a great lesson in her time,
+and unfortunates of her sort are now trained, without question of the
+result. This was to S. G. H. an undiscovered country in the first
+instance. I cannot help imagining him as standing before the face of
+the Highest and pointing to his work: happy, thrice happy man, with all
+his sorrow!"
+
+
+The close of her seventieth year was a notable milestone on the long
+road. May found her still carrying full sail; a little more tired after
+each exertion, a little puzzled at the occasional rebellion of "Sister
+Body," her hard-worked "A.B.,"; but not yet dreaming of taking in a
+reef.
+
+The seventieth birthday was a great festival. Maud, inviting Oliver
+Wendell Holmes to the party, had written, "Mamma will be _seventy years
+young_ on the 27th. Come and play with her!"
+
+The Doctor in his reply said, "It is better to be seventy years young
+than forty years old!"
+
+Dr. Holmes himself was now eighty years old. It was in these days that
+she went with Laura to call on him, and found him in his library, a big,
+bright room, looking out on the Charles River, books lining the walls, a
+prevailing impression of atlases and dictionaries open on stands. The
+greeting between the two was pleasant to see, their talk something to
+remember. "Ah, Mrs. Howe," said the Autocrat, "you at seventy have much
+to learn about life. At eighty you will find new vistas opening in every
+direction!"
+
+Ten years later she was reminded of this. "It is true!" she said.
+
+At parting he kissed her, which touched her deeply.
+
+He was in another mood when they met at a reception shortly after this.
+"Ah! Mrs. Howe," he said, "you see I still hang on as one of the old
+wrecks!"
+
+"Yes, you are indeed _Rex_!" was the reply.
+
+"Then, Madam," he cried with a flash, "you are _Regina_!"
+
+To return to the birthday! Here are a few of the letters received:--
+
+
+                  _From George William Curtis_
+
+                          WEST NEW BRIGHTON, STATEN ISLAND, N.Y.,
+
+                                        May 9, 1889.
+
+MY DEAR MRS. ELLIOTT,--
+
+I shall still be too lame to venture so far away from home as your kind
+invitation tempts me to stray, but no words of my regard and admiration
+for Mrs. Howe will ever limp and linger. I doubt if among the hosts who
+will offer their homage upon her accession to the years of a ripe youth
+there will be many earlier friends than I, and certainly there will be
+none who have watched her career with more sympathy in her varied and
+humane activities. Poet, scholar, philanthropist, and advocate of true
+Democracy, her crown is more than triple, and it is her praise as it may
+well be her pride to have added fresh lustre to the married name she
+bears.
+
+I am sincerely sorry that only in this inadequate way can I join my
+voice to the chorus of friendly rejoicing and congratulation on the
+happy day, which reminds us only of the perpetual youth of the warm
+heart and the sound mind.
+
+                                   Very truly yours,
+                                           GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS.
+
+
+                     _From W. W. Story_
+
+MY DEAR JULIA,--
+
+(I suppose I may still call you so--we are both so young and
+inexperienced) I cannot let this anniversary of your birth go by,
+without stretching out my hands to you across the ocean, and throwing to
+you all they can hold of good wishes, and affectionate thought, and
+delightful memories. Though years have gone by since I have seen you,
+you are still fresh, joyous, and amusing, and charming as ever. Of this
+I am fully persuaded, and often I look into that anxious mirror of my
+mind, and see you and wander with you, and jest with you and sing with
+you, as I used in the olden days; and never will I be so faithless as to
+believe that you are any older than you were--and I hope earnestly you
+are no wiser and that a great deal of folly is still left in you--as it
+is, I am happy to say, in me.
+
+For, after all, what is life worth when its folly is all departed? When
+we have grown wise and sad as well as old--it is time to say Good-bye.
+But that time has not come for us yet. So let us still shout _Evviva_!
+
+I do not mention the fact of your age,--I don't know it,--but if I
+should guess, from what I know I should say twenty-five. I was
+twenty-eight when I left America--and that is such a few months ago--and
+I know you were born somewhat about the same time.
+
+You will receive a great many congratulations and expressions of
+friendship, but none more sincere than those of
+
+                                 Your old friend--I mean
+                                       Your young friend,
+                                                     W. W. STORY.
+
+ROME, PALAZZO BARBERINI,
+      MAY 10, 1889.
+
+
+                     _From James Russell Lowell_
+
+                                             68 BEACON STREET,
+                                                 13th MAY, 1889.
+
+DEAR MRS. HOWE,--
+
+I shouldn't have suspected it, but if you say so, I am bound to believe
+this improbability, as absurd as Leporello's Catalogue for its numerals.
+If it be so--I beg pardon--since it is so, I am glad that you are going
+to take it cheerfully as who should say to Time, "Another turn of the
+glass, please, my young friend, I'm writing." But alas, I can't be there
+to take a glass with you. You say, "if there be no obstacle." No less
+than a couple of thousand miles of water, harder to get over than the
+years themselves, which indeed get behind more swiftly than they ought.
+I can at least wish you many happy returns of the day and will drink to
+your health on the 27th. I sail on the 18th.
+
+Pray accept my thanks and regrets and make them acceptable to your
+children.
+
+                                   Faithfully yours,
+                                            JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL.
+
+The Journal thus notes the occasion.
+
+"My seventieth birthday. A very busy day for all of us.... My head was
+dressed at eleven. All my children were here, with daughter- and
+sons-in-law. I had many lovely gifts. The house was like a garden of
+costly flowers. Breakfast was at 12.30; was in very good style. Guests:
+General Walker, John S. Dwight, E. E. Hale, Mrs. Jack Gardner, Mmes.
+Bell, Pratt, and Agassiz. Walker made the first speech at the table, H.
+M. H.[109] being toastmaster. Walker seemed to speak very feelingly,
+calling me the first citizeness of the country; stood silent a little
+and sat down. Dwight read a delightful poem; Hale left too soon to do
+anything. H. introduced J. S. D. thus: 'Sweetness and light, your name
+is Dwight.' While we sat at table, baskets and bouquets of wonderful
+flowers kept constantly arriving; the sweet granddaughters brought them
+in, in a sort of procession lovely to see. It rained in the afternoon,
+but the house was thronged with visitors, all the same."
+
+  [109] Henry Marion Howe.
+
+A sober entry, written the next day, when she was "very tired, with a
+delightful fatigue": but on the day itself she was gay, enjoying her
+"party" to the full, treasuring every flower, wondering why people were
+so good to her.
+
+The festivities lasted several days, for every one wanted to "play
+Birthday" with her. The New England Woman's Club gave her a luncheon,
+which she valued next to the home celebration; the blind children of the
+Perkins Institution must hear her speak, and in return sing some of her
+songs, and give her flowers, clustering round her with tender, groping
+fingers that sought to clasp hers. Moreover, the last week of May is
+Anniversary Week in Boston. Suffragists, women ministers, Unitarians,
+"uplifters" of every description, held their meetings (traditionally in
+a pouring rain) and one and all wanted Mrs. Howe.
+
+"I have said to God on every morning of these busy days: 'Give me this
+day,' and He has given them all: _i.e._, He has given me power to fulfil
+the task appointed for each."
+
+When she finally got to Newport, she was "dazed with the quiet after the
+strain of heart and fatigue."
+
+The ministry was much in her mind this summer.
+
+"I take for my guidance a new motto: 'I will ascend'; not in my
+ambition, but in my thoughts and aims."
+
+"A dry Sunday, _i.e._, no church, it being the women's turn to go. I
+shelled peas for dinner. Began Rambaud's 'History of Russia.'... I think
+of two sermons to write, one, 'A spirit of Power'; one, 'Behold, I show
+you a more excellent way.'"
+
+Suffrage had its meed too in these summer days.
+
+"Have copied my Call for the Congress. In my coming suffrage talks will
+invite women to study the history of their sex in the past, and its
+destiny in the future; inertia and ignorance are the great dangers of
+society. The old condition of women largely increased instead of
+diminishing these sources of evil. The women were purposely kept
+ignorant, in order that they might be enslaved and degraded. Inertia is
+largely fostered by the paralysis of independent action...."
+
+"I feel just now that we ought to try hard to have all the Far West
+represented at the Denver Congress."
+
+"Thought a book or article about 'Fooleries' would be entertaining and
+instructive. The need of this element in human society is shown by the
+ancient jesters and court fools.... In Bible times Samson made sport for
+the Philistines. People now do their own dancing and their own fooling:
+some of it very dull. Query: What ancient jests have been preserved?
+'The Fools of old and of all time' would not be a bad title."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In October came the Woman's Congress in Denver; she was there,
+"attending all meetings and sessions."
+
+"Mrs. ----'s paper on 'The Redemptive Power of Art' was very so-so, and
+did not touch my conception of the theme, viz., art made valuable for
+the reform of criminals. I spoke of this with warmth."
+
+After the Congress "the visiting ladies enjoyed a drive about the city
+of Denver. I went early to the High School with A. A. B.[110] Found Mrs.
+Cheney speaking to the pupils assembled. She did not notice our entrance
+and spoke of me very warmly. Presently, turning round, she saw us and we
+all laughed. I spoke to them of my 'drink of youth'; compared the
+spirits of youth to steam given to carry them on a celestial railroad;
+compared youth to wine in a beautiful vase; spoke of ancient libations
+to the gods; our libation to be poured to the true Divine; urged them
+not to starve their studies in order to feed their amusements. 'Two ways
+of study, one mean, the other generous.' Told them not to imitate
+savages, who will barter valuable land for worthless baubles; not so to
+barter their opportunities for barren pleasures."
+
+  [110] The Reverend Antoinette Blackwell.
+
+She preached at Unity Church Sunday morning.
+
+"At Grace Church [Methodist] in the afternoon. Spoke to the text, 'God
+hath not left himself without a witness.' This witness is in every human
+heart; which, with all its intense desires, desires most of all, law,
+order, religion.... I applied my text to the coming out into the new
+territories; a rough Exodus stimulated by the love of gold; but with the
+army of fortune-seekers go faithful souls, and instead of passing out of
+civilization, they extend its bounds. 'Praise waiteth for thee in
+Zion'--yes, but the Prophet says: 'The solitary places shall be glad for
+them,' et cetera. I set this down for future use."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The Denver people were most friendly, and she enjoyed the visit greatly.
+Thence she stepped westward once more, lecturing and preaching as she
+went, everywhere welcomed with cordial warmth, everywhere carrying her
+ministry with her.
+
+"A sweet young mother was dreadfully plagued with two babies; I helped
+her as much as I could."
+
+"A delicate young woman was travelling with her father, a boy of five
+years, and a semi-friend, semi-help, not much of either. This party sat
+opposite me in the Pullman, and soon made acquaintance. She is going for
+her health from Tacoma to California. An odd-looking genius, something
+like ---- in his youth, got in somewhere and attracted my attention by
+his restless manner. I took him for no good; a gambler, perhaps. He
+seemed to notice me a good deal....
+
+"Made acquaintance with the odd-looking young man. He is a timber-land
+broker. He had noticed me because I reminded him of his mother. We
+became friends. He told me his story. He brought another gentleman, a
+man more of society than himself, and we and Mrs. Campbell played whist.
+We were quite gay all day. In the evening a sad, elderly man whom I had
+observed, came over and showed me his wife's photograph as she had
+looked in health, and then a photograph of her in her last illness; he
+holding her up in his arms. He said he was travelling to help his
+sorrow.
+
+"At Reading my two whist gentlemen cried out, '_Tamales!_' and rushed
+out. They presently returned, bringing some curious Mexican eatables,
+corn meal with chicken and red peppers rolled in corn leaves. These folk
+all left at Sacramento at three in the morning."
+
+
+California was once more her goal. This second visit was brief and
+hurried.
+
+"Hurry, scurry to dress for the Forefathers' Day celebration. Oakley was
+my squire. I was taken down to dinner by Professor Moore, President of
+the occasion.... I was suddenly and unexpectedly called for, and all
+were requested to rise, which was a great honor done me. I spoke of two
+Congregationalists whom I had known, Antoinette Blackwell, of whose
+ordination I told; then of Theodore Parker, of whom I said, 'Nothing
+that I have heard here is more Christian than what I heard from him.' I
+told of his first having brought into notice the hymn, 'Nearer, My God,
+to Thee,' and said that I had sung it with him; said that in advising
+with all women's clubs, I always urged them to include in their
+programmes pressing questions of the day. Was much applauded.... They
+then sang the 'Battle Hymn' and we adjourned."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+She spent Christmas with Sister Annie, in great contentment; her last
+word before starting for home is, "Thank God for much good!"
+
+
+                            _To Maud_
+
+                                                          BOSTON.
+
+I reached Boston very comfortably on Monday night about eleven o'clock.
+I was slower than usual [on the journey] in making friends with those
+around me, but finally thought I would speak to the pleasant-looking
+woman on my left. She had made acquaintance with the people who had the
+two sections behind mine. I had observed a gaunt young man going back
+and forth, with a look on his face which made me say to my friend in
+Number Nine: "That man must have committed a murder." Who do you think
+he turned out to be? Lieutenant Ripley, of the Vandalia, U.S.N., the
+great ship which went to pieces on the Samoan reef. I, of course,
+determined to hear about it from his own lips, and we had a most
+interesting talk. He is very slight, but must be all nerve and muscle.
+All the sailors in the top in which he was clinging for his life fell
+off and were drowned. He held on till the Trenton came down upon them,
+when, with the others who were saved in other parts of the rigging, he
+crept along a hawser and somehow reached the Trenton. Fearing that she
+would go to pieces, he started with fifteen sailors to swim ashore--he
+alone was saved--he says he is much practised in swimming. I spoke of
+this all as a dreadful experience. "Yes," said he, with a twinkle in his
+eye, "but the storm cleared out the Germans for us." He was thrown
+ashore insensible, but soon recovered consciousness--had been naked and
+without food for thirty-six hours. Took a cup of coffee in one hand, and
+a cup of brandy in the other, and swallowed a little from each
+alternately, his refection lasting from nine in the evening till one
+o'clock at night....
+
+
+                             _To the same_
+
+We have not seen the sun in some days. I hope that he has shined upon
+you. Item, I have almost finished my anxious piece of work for the N.Y.
+"Evening Post," after which I shall say, "Now, frolic, soul, with thy
+coat off!"
+
+
+In January, 1890, she "heard young Cram[111] explain Tristram and
+Iseult,' and young Prescott execute some of the music. It seemed to me
+like _broken china_, no complete chord; no perfect result; no
+architectonic."
+
+  [111] Ralph Adams Cram, architect and _litterateur_.
+
+She never learned to like what was in those days "the new music." Wagner
+and Brahms were anathema to her, as to many another music-lover of her
+time, notably John Sullivan Dwight, long-time Boston's chief musical
+critic. Many a sympathetic talk they had together; one can see him now,
+his eyes burning gentle fire, head nodding, hands waving, as he
+denounced what seemed to him wanton cacophony. She avoided the Symphony
+Concerts at which "the new music" was exploited; but it was positive
+pain to her to miss a symphony of Beethoven or Schubert.
+
+In March of this year the Saturday Morning Club of Boston gave a
+performance of the "Antigone" of Sophocles.
+
+"In afternoon to the second representation of the 'Antigone.'... On the
+whole very pathetic and powerful. Mrs. Tilden full of dramatic fire;
+Sally Fairchild ideally beautiful in dress, attitude, and expression.
+The whole a high feast of beauty and of poetry. The male parts
+wonderfully illusive, especially that of Tiresias, the seer...."
+
+
+                                   _To Laura_
+
+                                       241 BEACON STREET, BOSTON,
+
+                                             April 26, 1890.
+
+I'se very sorry for unhandsome neglect complained of in your last. What
+are we going to do about it? I have now and then made efforts to reclaim
+the old Party, but have long considered her incorrigible. What shall we
+say, then? "Where sin doth abound, Grace shall much more abound," or
+words to that effect, are recorded of one Paul, of whom I have no mean
+opinion. So, there's Scripture for you, do you see? As I wrote you
+yes'day or day before, things have been _hoppy_ here since my return.
+The elder Agassiz used to mention in his lectures the _Lepidoptera_, and
+I think that's the creature (insect, I b'lieve) which infests Boston.
+What I have hopped for, and whither to, I cannot in the least remember.
+Flossy was here, as you know, and I hop't for her. I also 'tended two of
+the festival Oratorios, which were fine, but to me very fatiguing. I
+find that I must take public amusements, when I do take them, in the
+afternoon, as in the evening bodily fatigue overmasters even the
+aesthetic sense, and it is not worth while to pay a large price for the
+pleasure of wishing one's self at home.... The benefit at Boston Museum
+for the Vincent Hospital netted over $1600. It was a brilliant success,
+but I caught there the first cold I have had since my return from the
+Far West. Maud is very busy with the flower table, which she has
+undertaken, _having nothing to do_. This is for the Vincent Fair, which
+will take place on Tuesday, 29th.... Have got a few lovely books from
+Libbie's sale of the Hart collection--among other things, a fine French
+edition of "Les Miserables," which I am at last glad never to have read,
+as I shall enjoy it, _D.V._, in some of the long reading days of
+summer....
+
+                         Your ownty donty
+
+                                                              MA.
+
+P.S. Before the Libbie sale I wickedly bid $25 upon a small but very
+precious missal. It brought $825!!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+When she reached Oak Glen in mid-June, she felt a "constant
+discouragement"; was lonely, and missed the cheerful converse of her
+club and suffrage friends. "My work seems to me to amount to nothing at
+all." She soon revived, and "determined to fulfil in due order all the
+tasks undertaken for this summer; so attacked the Kappa poem and wrote
+at a stretch twenty-two verses, of four lines each, which was pretty
+much my day's work. Read in Martineau, in J. F. C., a little Greek, and
+the miserable 'Les Miserables.'"
+
+She decided to hold some conversations in the Unitarian parsonage, and
+wrote out the following topics for them:--
+
+"Useful undertakings in this city as existing and needed."
+
+"How to promote public spirit in American men and women."
+
+"How to attain a just average estimate of our own people."
+
+"How far is it wise to adopt the plan of universal reading for ourselves
+and our young people?"
+
+"In what respects do the foreign civilizations retard, in what do they
+promote the progress of our own civilization?"
+
+In August she preached to the women in Sherborn Prison, choosing a "text
+of cheer and uplifting: 'Thine is the kingdom, and the power, and the
+glory.' Read part of Isaiah 40th. Said that I had wished to bring them
+some word of comfort and exhilaration. Pointed out how the Lord's Prayer
+begins with solemn worship and ascription, aspiring to God's Kingdom,
+praying for daily bread and for deliverance from temptation and all
+evil; at the close it rises into this joyous strain, 'Thine is the
+kingdom,' et cetera. Tried to show how the kingdom is God, the great
+providential order, before and beyond all earthly government; then the
+power, that of perfect wisdom and goodness, the power to know and rule
+all things, to be everywhere and ever present, to regulate the mighty
+sweep of stars and planets, and, at the same time, to take note of the
+poorest and smallest of us; the glory first of the visible universe,
+glory of the day and night, of the seasons, glory of the redeeming power
+of truth, glory of the inexhaustible patience, of boundless compassion
+and love."
+
+She enjoyed the visit to the prison and was thankful for it.
+
+A few days later, at a meeting in Newport, she heard a lady demand that
+the children of genius should be set apart from others for special
+education and encouragement, receiving a pension even in their early
+years. She demanded colleges of genius, and a retreat for people of
+genius. By thus fostering juvenile promise, we should produce giants and
+demigods.
+
+"I, being called upon, gave the card house a tolerable shaking, and, I
+think, brought it down, for which several people thanked me."
+
+Vividly as she lived in the present, the past was never far from her.
+
+"Had in the morning at first waking a very vivid mind-picture of my
+sweet young mother lying dead, with two or three of us little ones
+standing about her. My brother Henry, two years my senior, laid his
+little hand upon her forehead and said: 'It is as cold as a stone,' or
+some such comparison. I felt strangely, this morning, the very pain and
+agony of that moment, preceding the tragical vision of a life in which
+that central point of nurture, a mother's affection and wisdom, has been
+wanting. The scene in my mind was only a vivid reminiscence of what
+actually took place, which I never forgot, but I had not felt it as I
+did to-day in many years."
+
+Perhaps at heart she was always the little child who used to say to
+herself at night, "Now I will stretch out and make myself as long as I
+can, so that the robbers will think I am a grown-up person, and perhaps
+then they will not touch me!" "Then," she told us, "I would stretch
+myself out at full length, and go to sleep."
+
+She was reading Martineau's "Study of Religion" this summer with close
+attention and deep interest. His writings gave her unfailing delight.
+His portrait hung in her room; on her desk lay always a slender volume
+of his "Prayers," her favorite passages marked in pencil. When Louise
+Chandler Moulton lay dying, the best comfort she could devise for her
+was the loan of this precious little volume.
+
+The "Study of Religion" is not light reading. We find now and then:
+"Head threatening. Will not tackle Martineau to-day"; and again: "My
+head is possessed with my study of Martineau. Had a moment's realizing
+sense this morning of the universe as created and constantly re-created
+by the thought of the will of God. The phrase is common enough: the
+thought, vast beyond human conception."
+
+When her head was clear, she studied the great theologian eagerly,
+copying many passages for more complete assimilation.
+
+September brought "alarums and excursions."
+
+"Awoke and sprang at once into the worry saddle."
+
+Another Congress was coming, another "A.A.W." paper to be written,
+beside an opening address for the Mechanics' Fair, and "1500 words for
+Bok," on some aspect of the American woman.
+
+She went to Boston for the opening of the Mechanics' Fair, and sat
+beside Phillips Brooks in the great hall. "They will not hear us!" she
+said. "No," replied Brooks. "This is the place where little children are
+_seen_ and not _heard_."
+
+"Mayor Hart backed up the Tariff while I praised Free Trade. My text was
+two words of God: 'Use and Beauty.' My brief address was written
+carefully though hastily."
+
+There was no neighborly electric road in Rhode Island in those days, and
+the comings and goings were fatiguing.
+
+"A hard day.... The rain was pitiless, and I in my best clothes, and
+without rubbers. Embraced a chance of driving to the Perry House, where
+... it was cold and dark. I found a disconsolate couple from Schenectady
+who had come to Newport for a day's pleasuring. Did my best to entertain
+them, walking about the while to keep warm."
+
+She got home finally, and the day ends with her ordering a warm mash for
+the horse.
+
+This horse, Ha'pence, a good and faithful beast, ran a great danger
+this summer. The coachman, leaving in dudgeon, poisoned the oats with
+Paris green, a diabolical act which the Journal chronicles with
+indignation. Fortunately the deed was discovered in time.
+
+She was always thoughtful of animals. During the reign at 241 Beacon
+Street of the little fox-terrier Patch, it often fell to her lot to take
+him out to walk, and she felt this a grave responsibility.
+
+One day Patch ran away on Beacon Street, and would not come back when
+she called him. At this instant Dr. Holmes, passing, paused for a
+friendly greeting.
+
+"Mrs. Howe," he said, "I trust this fine morning--"
+
+"_Catch the dog!_" cried Mrs. Howe. One author flew one way, one the
+other; between the two Patch was caught and brought in triumph home.
+
+One dog story recalls another. She was in the North Station one day,
+about to start for Gardiner, as was also the setter Diana, crated and
+very unhappy.
+
+"Here, Auntie!" said the baggage-master; "you set here and be company
+for the dog, and I'll get your check!"
+
+She complied meekly, and was found somewhat later by her escort, "being
+company" for a much-comforted Diana.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VII
+
+A SUMMER ABROAD
+
+1892-1893; _aet._ 73-74
+
+  Methinks my friends grow beauteous in my sight,
+  As the years make their havoc of sweet things;
+  Like the intenser glory of the light
+  When the sad bird of Autumn sits and sings.
+    Ah! woe is me! ah! Memory,
+  Be cheerful, thanking God for things that be.
+
+                                             J. W. H.
+
+
+The longing to revisit England and enjoy another "whiff" of a London
+season was gratified in the summer of 1892. Accompanied by the Elliotts
+and a granddaughter, she sailed for Liverpool on the 4th of June; "a day
+of almost inconceivable pressure and labor. I could not waste one
+minute, yet could not do some of the simplest things which I intended to
+do. Our departure was tolerably decorous and comfortable."
+
+"_June 13._ _At sea._ Have enjoyed some good reading, and have read one
+book, 'Bel Ami,' by Guy de Maupassant, which I found so objectionable
+that I had to skip whole passages of mere sensual description. My
+loathing of the book and its personages will keep me from encountering
+again the filth of this author...."
+
+"_June 16._ _Chester._ Attended service in the Cathedral. I first came
+to Chester as a bride, forty-nine years ago; then in 1867 with dear
+Chev, Julia, and Laura; in 1877 with dear Maud; and now with Maud and
+her husband and my dear grandchild, Alice Richards. These three periods
+in my woman's life gave me much to think of."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+June 18 found the party established in pleasant lodgings in Albion
+Street, Hyde Park, where they were soon surrounded by friends old and
+new.
+
+"_June 21_.... In the afternoon Lady Aberdeen, Arthur Mills, and Henry
+Harland visited me. A. M.'s hair is quite white. It was only iron grey
+when we last met, thirteen years ago."
+
+"_June 22._ Mrs. Brooke Herford wrote to ask me to come out this
+afternoon to meet Mrs. Humphry Ward. The Albert Hall performance very
+interesting. Lord Aberdeen sent his carriage for us. My seat was next to
+that of the Countess, who appeared in a very fine dress of peach-blossom
+corded silk, with white lace draperies--on my left was Lord Brooke. Lady
+Aberdeen introduced me to Lord Kenmare and Dr. Barnardo. The singing of
+the children, a band of rescued waifs, moved me to tears. The military
+drill of the boys and the Maypole dance of the girls were very finely
+done. There are more than 4000 of these children in Barnardo Homes."
+
+"_June 23._ To the first view of the Society of English Portrait
+Painters. Portraits on the whole well worth seeing--Herkomers _very_
+good, also Mrs. Anna Lea Merritt's and others. A superb portrait of
+Cardinal Manning, in full red and ermine. In the evening Lady Aberdeen
+sent her carriage for me and I went with her to a meeting of the Liberal
+League, at which she spoke with a pleasant playfulness, dwelling
+somewhat upon the position that Home Rule, if given to Ireland, would do
+away with the ill-feeling of the Irish in America towards England. To
+lunch with Lady Aberdeen. Lief Jones came into the meeting while Lady
+Aberdeen was speaking, and with him Lady Carlisle. She shook hands with
+me very cordially. Presently Lief Jones began his address, which was
+quite lengthy, presenting the full platform of the Liberal Party. He is
+a brisk, adroit speaker, and made points in favor of Woman Suffrage, of
+Home Rule, of the disestablishment of the Anglican Church in Wales and
+Scotland, of the eight-hour labor law, of the purchase of the
+waterworks, now owned by eight companies in the city."
+
+"_June 24._ The lunch at Lady Aberdeen's was very pleasant. Mrs. Eva
+McLaren[112] talked with me, as did Miss Ferguson. The American
+Minister, Robert Lincoln,[113] was introduced to me and was very
+friendly."
+
+  [112] Author of _Civil Rights of Women_.
+
+  [113] Son of Abraham Lincoln.
+
+"_June 25._ Went to Toynbee Hall by Whitechapel 'bus. Had received a
+note, which I supposed to be from a lady, offering to show me over the
+institution. We were shown into a large room, bare of carpet, but with
+some pictures and bric-a-brac. After waiting half an hour, a young
+gentleman made his appearance, a Mr. Ames--the letter had been from him.
+He showed me Mr. Charles [not General] Booth's map of gradations of
+wealth and poverty in London. The distinctions are marked by colors and
+shades of color--criminal centres designated by black. In the afternoon
+to Sarasate's concert, all violin and piano-forte, but very fine."
+
+"_June 26._ To hear Stopford Brooke in the morning, an interesting
+sermon.... He called the Agnostics and Nirvanists a type found in many
+classes, but not a class...."
+
+"_June 27._ To lunch with Mrs. Harland. _Very_ pleasant. Edmund Gosse
+was the guest invited to meet me. He was vivacious, easy, and agreeable.
+Also the composer Marzials...."
+
+"_June 28._ To Westminster Abbey. To Alice, its interest seemed
+inexhaustible. It is so, indeed, had one time to be 'strewing violets
+all the time,' as E. B. B. said. Longfellow's bust has been placed there
+since my last visit; the likeness is good. I wandered about as long as
+my feet would carry me, thinking sometimes of Gray's question, 'Can
+storied urn,' etc. The Harlands came later and brought the composer of
+'Twickenham Ferry.' With Alice to dine at Toynbee Hall. A pleasant
+dinner. A bright young man, Bruce by name, related to Abyssinian Bruce,
+took Alice in to dinner--sitting afterwards in Ames's room, where we met
+an alderman, a bricklayer, a trades' unionist; later, we heard a lecture
+from Commander Gladstone, on the Norman-Breton churches, with fine
+stereoscopic plates. A violent storm came on, but we managed to ''bus
+it' home, taking a cab only at Marble Arch."
+
+"_June 29._ To dine with the Greek Minister at eight o'clock, and to the
+_soiree_ of the Academy.
+
+"To Chelsea, to call upon Mrs. Oscar Wilde.... He showed me with pride
+a fine boy of five years. We had some talk of old times, of his visit to
+America; I reminded him of the vermilion balcony at which he laughed."
+[Wilde had complained that the usual pronunciation of these words was
+prosaic.]
+
+"_June 30...._ Mrs. Oscar Wilde asks us to take tea on Thursday; she has
+invited Walter Pater.... Have writ to James Bryce."
+
+"_July 2._ To see Oscar Wilde's play, 'Lady Windermere's Fan,' at St.
+James's Theatre. We went by invitation to his box, where were Lady Wilde
+and Mrs. Oscar. The play was perfectly acted, and is excellent of its
+kind, the _motif_ not new, but the _denouement_ original in treatment.
+After the play to call on Lady Rothschild, then to Constance
+Flower,[114] who showed us her superb house full of treasures of art."
+
+  [114] Lady Battersea.
+
+"_July 4._ Mrs. [Edmund] Gosse came and took us to Alma-Tadema's
+beautiful house and garden. He met us very cordially. Mrs. Smalley came.
+She was Wendell Phillips's adopted daughter. I had a pleasant talk with
+her and with Mr. and Mrs. Hughes, whom I charged with a friendly message
+to Thomas himself. After this to Minister Lincoln's Fourth of July
+reception. Harry White, Daisy Rutherford's husband, was introduced."
+
+Elsewhere she says of this visit to Alma-Tadema:--
+
+"His charming wife, once seen, explains some of the features of his
+works. She has yellow hair of the richest color; her eyes also have a
+primrose tint, while her complexion has a pale bloom of its own, most
+resembling that of a white rose. She gave us tea from lozenge-shaped
+cups, with saucers to match. In the anteroom below we admired a painting
+by her own hand, of yellow jonquils and a yellow fan, on a dark
+background. Her husband seemed pleased when we praised this picture. So
+these two artists occupy their golden nest peaceably, and do not tear
+each other's laurels.
+
+"Let me say here that the passion for the golden color still prevails.
+In dress, in furniture, in porcelain, it is the prevailing favorite.
+Long banished from the social rainbow, it now avenges itself for years
+of neglect, and, as every dog must have his day, we will say that the
+yellow dog is now to have his, and that the dog-star of this coming
+August will certainly be of his color."
+
+"_July 6._ With Maud to Liberty's, where she beguiled me, alas! into
+buying a fine black silk mantle for six guineas. To Nutt's in the Strand
+for my Greek books. He had only the 'Nicomathean Ethics,' a fine edition
+which I bought for twelve shillings. Then to Poole's in Hallowell
+Street, where bought two editions of Aristotle's 'Government,' with
+English notes. At Poole's found a copy of Schiller's 'Robbers,' which I
+bought for threepence."
+
+"_July 7._ Afternoon tea with Mrs. Oscar, meeting an aunt of Mrs.
+Wilde's, and Mrs. Burne-Jones. The aunt had been in Japan--she had known
+Fenollosa and Professor Morse. Then to Mrs. Louise Chandler Moulton, who
+introduced a number of people, among them William Sharp, a poet."
+
+"_July 8._ I had rashly promised to lunch with the Brooke Herfords at
+Hampstead, and to take five-o'clock tea with Mrs. Rebecca Moore at
+Bedford Place. The Herfords were delightful, and Hampstead is a charming
+suburb. We saw the outside of Mrs. Barbauld's house. Herford said much
+good of Cookson, a farmer's son whom he had known in England from his
+beginnings, a dignified, able, excellent man in his esteem. From this a
+long distance to Mrs. Moore. We reached her in good time, however. Found
+her alone, in a pleasant little dwelling. Three ladies came to tea,
+which was served quite in state--Stepniak[115] came also."
+
+  [115] Sergius Stepniak, a Russian author, then a political exile living
+  in England.
+
+"_July 9._ To lunch with Lady Henry Somerset. Some talk with Lady H.
+about Mrs. Fawcett, et al.: also concerning Mrs. Martin's intended
+candidacy for the presidency of the United States, which, however futile
+in itself, we deplore as tending to throw ridicule upon the Woman's
+Cause. She thought that the Conservatives would give women the
+Parliamentary Suffrage in England on account of the great number of
+women who have joined the Primrose League."
+
+"_July 10._ To the Temple Church. The organ voluntaries, strangely, I
+thought, were first Chopin's 'Funeral March,' second the 'Dead March' in
+'Saul.' A notable sermon from Dr. Vaughan. The discourse was really
+concerned with the political situation of the moment: the strong
+division of feeling throughout the country, and the fears of many lest
+the doctrine in which they believe should be overthrown. He said that
+the real Ark of God was the Church Universal, which has been defined as
+the whole company of believing Christian people throughout the world.
+Many changes would occur, but the vital principle of religion would
+prove itself steadfast--a truly noble sermon, worthy of Phillips
+Brooks."
+
+"_July 12._ To the New Gallery in which were two fine portraits by
+Herkomer, a superb one of Paderewski by Tadema, and one of Walter Crane
+by Watts, also of distinguished excellence. Later, called upon the
+Duchess of Bedford, a handsome woman, sister to Lady Henry Somerset. We
+talked of her sister's visit to the United States. I was well able to
+praise her eloquence and her general charm. She has known Lowell well.
+We talked of the old London, the old Boston, both past their palmiest
+literary days. She had heard Phillips Brooks at Westminster Abbey;
+admired him much, but thought him optimistic."
+
+"_July 14._ Was engaged to spend the afternoon at Mrs. Moulton's
+reception and to dine with Sebastian Schlesinger.... Many people
+introduced to me--Jerome, author of 'Three Men in a Boat'; Molloy,
+songwriter; Theodore Watts, poetical critic of the Athenaeum.'... At the
+dinner I met Mrs. O'Connor, who turned out to be a Texan, pretty and
+very pleasant, an Abolitionist at the age of six...."
+
+"_July 15._... To the Harlands', where met Theodore Watts again, and had
+some good talk with him about Browning and other friends. Also Walter
+Besant, whom I greeted very warmly as 'our best friend.'"
+
+"_July 17._ A sermon of surpassing beauty and power from the dear Bishop
+of Massachusetts [Phillips Brooks].... The power and spirit of the
+discourse carried me quite away. We waited to speak with him. I had a
+dear grasp of the hand from him. I shook my finger at him and said, 'Is
+this resting?' He laughed and said, 'This is the last time. I shall not
+speak again until I reach Massachusetts.' I wrote some lines on coming
+home, only half expressing my thought, which was that the mother of so
+brave a son could not have had one coward drop of blood in her
+veins--another little scrap, too, about the seven devils that
+Christianity can cast out. General Walker in the afternoon and the
+Harlands to dinner."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+They left London to join Mrs. Terry at Schwalbach, lingering for a
+little on the way in Holland and Belgium.
+
+"_July 27._ _The Hague._ To see Mesdag and his pictures. Found Mesdag a
+hale man of perhaps fifty years--perhaps less; a fine house, and,
+besides his own paintings of which we saw a number, a wonderful
+collection of pictures, mostly modern French, Troyon, Corot, Rousseau,
+Daubigny. Some good things by a Roman artist, Mancini, whom Mesdag
+praised highly--he is very poor, but has some excellent qualities. A
+picture of a little girl reclining on a pillow with a few flowers in her
+hand, pleased me very much--he also praised it. Much fine tapestry,
+china, etc., etc. He was gruffly pleasant and hospitable."
+
+"_July 28._ _Antwerp._ Visited Cathedral and _Musee_. Saw my picture,
+Rubens's Elevation of the Cross, but felt that my eyesight has dimmed
+since I last saw it. Found Felu, the armless artist, in the _Musee_
+copying a picture of Godiva. He was very glad to see us. Much talk with
+him about Flemish art. A little ramble after dinner and a nibble at a
+bric-a-brac shop, which, however, did not become a bite."
+
+"_July 31._ _Cologne._ A great concourse of people awaited the arrival
+of a steamer with the Arion Musical Society of New York. Koeln choral
+societies were represented by fine banners and by members in mediaeval
+costumes, very picturesque. The steamer came alongside with many flags,
+foremost among them our own dear 'Stars and Stripes.' We waved
+handkerchiefs vigorously as these last passed by, and were saluted by
+their bearers."
+
+"_August 2._ Left Cologne by Rhine steamer. I remember these boats as
+crowded, dirty, and very comfortless, but I found this one as well
+appointed as need be. Spent the day mostly on deck enjoying the great
+beauty and romance of the trip.... I chilled myself pretty badly on
+deck, but stayed up until perhaps half-past seven. A very young
+Westphalian on board astonished us all by his powers of drinking and of
+smoking. He talked with me; said, '_Sie sind deutsch,_' which I denied."
+
+"_August 3._ Reached Schwalbach at three. My dear sister [Mrs. Terry]
+came out to greet us. The meeting was a little tearful, but also
+cheerful. Much has passed and passed away in these eventful years....
+Presently Louisa and I were as though we had not been parted at all.
+She is little changed, and retains her old grace and charm of manner."
+
+"_August 4._ Out early with my sister. We have a regular and restful
+plan of living. Meet after dinner, coffee with my sister at half-past
+four, supper at half-past seven, in the evening reading aloud and
+conversation. I am miserable with pain, probably rheumatic, in my left
+hip. Think I must have got a chill on the Rhine boat. I say nothing
+about this. Daisy and Wintie [Mr. and Mrs. Winthrop Chanler] came this
+afternoon."
+
+"_August 7._ To Anglican service with my dear sister. A dull sermon. The
+service indifferently read--just the stereotyped Church of England
+article. My dreadful hip joint does not ache to-day, and I am ready to
+skip about with joy at the relief even if it prove but temporary. The
+pain has been pretty severe and I have said nought about it, fearing
+treatment."
+
+"_August 9._ Read Aristotle, as I have done all these days. Took up St.
+Paul's Epistle to the Romans, with a more distinct view than heretofore
+of his attitude relative to them, and theirs to him. Walked out with my
+sister, and saw at the bric-a-brac booth near the Stahlbrunnen a ring
+composed of a fine garnet, set with fine diamonds, wonderfully cheap,
+136 marks--I foolishly wanted it."
+
+"_August 16._ _Heidelberg._ To the Castle--an endless walk and climb. I
+was here in 1843, a bride, with dear Chev, my dearest brother Marion,
+and my cousin, Henry Hall Ward. We went to the Wolfbrunnen to
+breakfast--went on ponies to the Castle, where we wandered at will, and
+saw the mighty tun. Some French people were wandering there also, and
+one of them, a lady with a sweet soprano voice, sang a song of which the
+refrain was: '_Comme une etoile au firmament_.' H. H. Ward long after
+found this song somewhere. His voice has now been silent for twenty
+years, dear Marion's for forty-six, and here I come to-day, with my
+grown-up granddaughter, whom dear Chev only knew as a baby. How long the
+time seems, and yet how short! Two generations have grown up since then
+in our family. My sister Louisa, then a young beauty, is here with me, a
+grandmother with grandchildren nearly grown. 'So teach us to number our
+days.'"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+It seemed to the second and third generations that the two sisters could
+hardly have been lovelier in that far-off springtime than now in the
+mellow beauty of their autumn. It was a delight to see them together, a
+high privilege to sit by and listen to the interchange of precious
+memories:--
+
+"Do you remember--"
+
+"And do you remember again--"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_August 24._ _Sonnenberg._... At breakfast an elderly lady seemed to
+look at me and to smile. I supposed her to be one of my Club ladies, or
+some one who had entertained me, so presently I asked her if she were
+'one of my acquaintances.' She replied that she was not, but would be
+pleased to make my acquaintance. We met soon after in one of the
+corridors; having incautiously mentioned my name, I asked for hers, she
+replied, 'Sforza--Duchess Sforza Cesarini.' She had been attracted by my
+Breton caps, and especially by Daisy's beautiful version of this simple
+adornment. She is a reader of Rosmini."[116]
+
+  [116] Rosmini-Serbati, a noted philosopher and founder of the order of
+  the Brothers of Charity.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The Duchess confessed afterward that she had requested her maid to
+observe and copy the cap, and had been somewhat troubled in mind lest
+she had been guilty of a constructive discourtesy.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_September 3._ Received and answered a letter from Jenkin Lloyd Jones,
+informing me of my election to an Advisory Board to hold a World's
+Unitarian Congress at Chicago in September, 1893. I have accepted this."
+
+"_September 4._ My last day at Sonnenberg.... Gave my sister my little
+old Greek Lexicon, long a cherished companion. I had thought of reading
+the family one of my sermons, but my throat was troublesome and no one
+asked me to do anything of the kind. They wished to hear 'Pickwick,' and
+a long reading was held in my room, the fire in the grate helping to
+cheer us."
+
+"_September 15._ Left Montreux for Paris. Reed brought me a beautiful
+yellow rose, half-blown, upon which I needs must exercise my old trick
+of versification. Paper I had none--the back of a pasteboard box held
+one stanza, the cover of a Tauchnitz the others."
+
+"_September 18._ Heard to-day of the noble poet, Whittier's death. What
+a great heart is gone with him!"
+
+"_September 22._ _Liverpool._ Embarked at about ten in the morning.
+Edward Atkinson, wife and daughter on board, a valuable addition to our
+resources."
+
+"_September 29._ _At sea._ I said in my mind: 'There is nothing in me
+which can redeem me from despair over my poor life and wasted
+opportunities. That redemption which I seek must be in Thee. There is no
+progress in the mere sense of ill-desert. I must pass on from it to
+better effort beyond, self-reproach is negative: woe is me that I was
+born! Amendment must have positive ground.' I wrote some lines in which
+a bit of sea-weed shining in the sun seemed as an illustration of the
+light which I hope to gain."
+
+"_September 30._ A performance of Jarley's Wax-works in the evening was
+much enjoyed. Edward Atkinson as Mrs. Partington in my witch hat recited
+some merry nonsense of Hood's about European travel."
+
+"_October 2._ _Boston._ In the early morning John M. Forbes's yacht, the
+Wild Duck, hovered around us, hoping to take off his daughter, Mrs.
+Russell.... Quite a number of us embraced this opportunity with
+gratitude...."
+
+"_October 3._ All seems like a dream."
+
+"_October 7._ _Newport._ I begin my life here with a prayer that the
+prolongation of my days on earth may be for good to myself and others,
+that I may not sink into senile folly or grossness, nor yet wander into
+aesthetic conceit, but carry the weight of my experience in humility, in
+all charity, and in a loving and serviceable spirit."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The last entry in the Journal for 1892 strikes the keynote of what was
+to prove the most absorbing interest of the coming year.
+
+"_December 31._ Farewell, dear 1892. You were the real _quattro_
+centenary of Columbus's discovery, although we have been so behind time
+as not to be ready to celebrate this before 1893. 1492 was indeed a year
+momentous to humanity."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+To her many cares was added now work for the Columbian Exhibition at
+Chicago. The Woman's Department of the World's Fair was ably
+administered by Mrs. Potter Palmer, who consulted her frequently, her
+experiences in the New Orleans Cotton Centennial proving useful in the
+Columbian Exhibition. The "Twelve-o'Clock Talks," so successful in the
+Crescent City, were, at her suggestion, repeated at Chicago, and proved
+most valuable. The Association for the Advancement of Women and many
+other associations were to meet in Chicago this year. She writes to the
+Reverend Jenkin Lloyd Jones concerning the Parliament of Religions and
+the Unitarian Congress; to Aaron Powell touching the Congress on Social
+Purity. There are letters, too, about the Alliance of Unitarian Women,
+the Congress of Representative Women, and the Association of Women
+Ministers and Preachers.
+
+"_January 7._ [_Boston._] To speak to the Daughters of the American
+Revolution at the house of Miss Rebecca W. Brown. I had dreaded the
+meeting, feeling that I must speak of suffrage in connection with the
+new womanhood, and anticipating a cold or angry reception. What was my
+surprise at finding my words, which were not many, warmly welcomed!
+Truly, the hour is at hand!"
+
+"_January 8._ To speak for Dr. Clisby at Women's Educational and
+Industrial Union. I had dreaded this, too, fearing not to interest my
+audience. The occasion was very pleasant to me, and, I think, to them;
+Mrs. Waters endorsed my estimate of Phillips Brooks as a perfectly
+disinterested worker. Mrs. Catlin of New York agreed in my praise of
+Bishop Henry C. Potter on the same grounds; both also spoke well in
+relation to my most prominent point--emancipation from the slavery of
+self."
+
+"_January 23._ Oh! and alas! dear Phillips Brooks died suddenly this
+morning at half-past six. Alas! for Christendom, which he did so much to
+unite by redeeming his domain in it from superstition, formalism, and
+uncharity. Oh! to have such a reputation, and _deserve it_!"
+
+"_March 4._ To-day have been allowed to visit the study of the late dear
+Bishop of Massachusetts. I took this pin from his pincushion, to keep
+for a souvenir. Made Rosalind write down the names of a number of the
+books. The library is a very generous one, comprising a large sweep of
+study and opinion. A charming frieze over the large window had been
+painted by Mrs. Whitman. We entered with a reverent feeling, as if in a
+sacred place.... The dining-room, and his seat thereat, with portraits
+of his parents and grandfather. The mother was of his color, dark of
+eyes and hair, strong temperament, otherwise no special resemblance. His
+father looked substantial but not remarkable."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+In mid-May she went to Chicago, to take part in the World's Congress of
+Representative Women, and in many of the other congresses and
+conferences of that notable year.
+
+"_May 16._ _Chicago._ Was appointed to preside to-day over a Report
+Convention [of the above Congress]; went to Room 6 of the Art Palace and
+found no one. Mrs. Kennard came presently, and Mrs. Clara B. Colby, who
+stood by me bravely--when about a dozen had gathered I opened the
+meeting. Mrs. Colby read reports for two associations, British, I think.
+A German delegate had a long report written in German, which it would
+have been useless for her to read. She accordingly reported as she was
+able, in very funny English, I helping her when she was at a loss for a
+word. Her evident earnestness made a good impression. I reported for
+A.A.W., partly in writing, partly _extempore_. In the evening read my
+paper on the Moral Initiative as regards Women. The hall [of Washington]
+was frightfully cold."
+
+"_May 17._ Going to the Art Palace this afternoon I found an audience
+waiting in one of the small halls with no speaker. Madame C. had engaged
+to speak on musical education. I was requested to fill the breach,
+which I did, telling of the Boston Conservatory of Music, early music in
+Boston, and down to our time. Had an ovation afterwards of friendly
+handshaking."
+
+"_May 19._ Meeting of National Alliance of Unitarian Women."
+
+"_May 27._ My seventy-fourth birthday. Thank God for my continued life,
+health, and bodily and mental powers. My prayer to Him is that, whether
+I am to have a year, a month, a week, or a day more, it may be for good
+to myself and others.
+
+"Went to the Columbian Exhibition. Thomas's Orchestra playing for Mrs.
+Potter Palmer's reception given to the women of the Press Association.
+Later I went into the model kitchen where tea was served by the
+Cingalese. Mrs. Palmer asked me to follow her brief address with a few
+words. I did this and told of its being my birthday, at which Mrs.
+Palmer gave me her bouquet of carnations, and the ladies present rose
+and waved handkerchiefs. Read my sermon for to-morrow twice and feared
+it might not strike a keynote here."
+
+"_May 28._ Rather nervous about getting to town in time for my service
+at the Unitarian Church,--we were in good time. My mind was much
+exercised about my prayer, I having decided to offer the longer one,
+which I did, I hope, acceptably. I don't think that the sermon _told_ as
+it did in Boston. The church is not easy to speak in. Mr. Fenn said a
+few words very tenderly about his pleasure in receiving me into his
+pulpit. The pulpit roses were given me."
+
+"_May 29._ Went to the Exposition, where met Mrs. Charlotte Emerson
+Brown. Went with her to her space in the Organization Room. She will
+receive and care for my exhibits. Saw the very fine collection of club
+manuals, histories, etc."[117]
+
+  [117] Mrs. Charlotte Emerson Brown was at this time president of the
+  General Federation of Women's Clubs, and had prepared this exhibit, the
+  first of its kind in club history.
+
+"_May 30._ Made a little spurt to begin my screed for Aaron Powell's
+meeting on Sunday. Went with dear Maud and Helen Gardner to the Fair.
+Side-shows as follows: Cairo Street, Cairo Theatre, Soudanese dancers
+(very black savages wearing top tufts of black hair or wool, clothed in
+strips of dirty white cotton cloth), old Vienna, dinner at Vienna
+restaurant....
+
+"The Cairo dancing was simply horrid, no touch of grace in it, only a
+most deforming movement of the whole abdominal and lumbar region. We
+thought it indecent. The savages were much better, though they only
+stamp their bare feet and clap their hands in rhythm without music. One
+had a curious smooth lyre, which seemed to give no sound. Their teeth
+were beautifully white and regular. One of them came up to me and said,
+'Mamma,' as if to indicate my age. Then into a bark hut, to see the
+Soudanese baby dance--a dear little child that danced very funnily to a
+tum-tum."
+
+Early June found her back in Boston and hard at work.
+
+"_June 8._ Finished my screed for the July 'Forum.' Subject, 'A Proper
+Observance of the Fourth of July.' I have prayed over this piece of work
+as over all the others which have been strung, one after another, in
+this busiest of years for me. I have also despaired of it, and am not
+yet sure of its acceptance."
+
+Next day she felt that she "must see the last of dear Edwin Booth." The
+Journal describes his funeral at length; "the sun perfectly golden
+behind the trees." She brought away a bit of evergreen from the grave,
+and at church, two days later, "had the sexton slide it in among the
+pulpit flowers; afterward brought it home. Perhaps a silly fancy, but an
+affectionate one." She wrote a poem in memory of Mr. Booth, "not
+altogether to my satisfaction." She felt his death as a real loss; he
+remained always to her a beautiful and heroic figure, connected with a
+great time.
+
+"_June 15._ 'Thus far the Lord has led me on.' I have had many pieces of
+work to accomplish, and when almost despairing, seemed to have been
+uplifted right into my working seat, and so have fulfilled my tasks as
+well as I was able. Have still my Fourth of July poem to write, and wish
+to write a poem in memory of Edwin Booth. I'm hungry, oh! how hungry,
+for rest and reading. Must work very hard for A.A.W. this season...."
+
+She went to Harvard Class Day this summer, her eldest grandson, Samuel
+Prescott Hall, being of the graduating class; drove out to Cambridge in
+a pouring rain, and enjoyed the occasion. "I saw my Boy march with his
+fellows; when they cheered Weld, I waved a napkin."
+
+The summer sped by on wings of study and work; she was lame, but that
+gave her the more time for writing. The Journal records many letters;
+among other things, "a short screed for the man who asks to be convinced
+that there is such a thing as soul." In September she spread other wings
+and flew back to Chicago for the Parliament of Religions, and some last
+Impressions of the Dream City of the World's Fair.
+
+"_September 23._ Went to the Parliament of Religions where Jenkin Lloyd
+Jones put me on the platform. Heard Dr. Momery, who gave a pleasant,
+liberal, and spirited address, a little _elementary_, as he closed by
+reciting 'Abou Ben Adhem,' which is as familiar to Americans as A B C.
+In the evening went to meet, or rather find, the women ministers. Miss
+Chapin excused herself from attending and asked me to run the
+meeting.... I read my short screed, briefly narrating my own efforts to
+found an association of women ministers. Miss Putnam and Mary Graves
+were appointed as a committee to consult with me as to a plan of
+organization."
+
+"_September 26._ Up early.... Visited the German village, castle and
+museum, the mining, agricultural, shoe and leather buildings for a brief
+space. Made a turn in the Ferris Wheel.... Mary Graves came for me, and
+we started for the Parliament in good time. The first speaker was
+intolerably narrow and out of place, insisting upon the hostility of
+Christ to all ethnic religions. I could not refrain from taking him up a
+little, very mildly. I was received with applause and the Chautauqua
+salute, and my brief speech (fourteen minutes without notes) was much
+applauded. I was very thankful for this opportunity."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+This impromptu speech made a deep impression. In the newspaper reports
+great stress was laid on it, with singular result. She was amazed next
+day to hear her name roared out in the Midway Plaisance by a touter who
+stood at the gateway of one of the sideshows where some Orientals were
+at prayer.
+
+"Come in, all ye Christian people," the man cried. "Come in and see
+these devout Mohammedans at their devotions. Julia Ward Howe has knocked
+the orthodoxy into a cocked hat."
+
+The quiet little figure, passing in the motley throng, paused for a
+moment and looked with astonishment into the touter's face, which gave
+no sign of recognition.
+
+"This," said a friend, who happened to come up at the moment,--"this is
+fame!"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER VIII
+
+"DIVERS GOOD CAUSES"
+
+1890-1896; _aet._ 71-77
+
+A DREAM OF THE HEARTHSTONE
+
+  A figure by my fireside stayed,
+  Plain was her garb, and veiled her face;
+  A presence mystical she made,
+  Nor changed her attitude, nor place.
+
+  Did I neglect my household ways
+  For pleasure, wrought of pen or book?
+  She sighed a murmur of dispraise,
+  At which, methought, the rafters shook.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  "Now, who art thou that didst not smile
+  When I my maddest jest devised?
+  Who art thou, stark and grim the while
+  That men my time and measure prized?"
+
+  Without her pilgrim staff she rose,
+  Her weeds of darkness cast aside;
+  More dazzling than Olympian snows
+  The beauty that those weeds did hide.
+
+  Most like a solemn symphony
+  That lifts the heart from lowly things,
+  The voice with which she spake to me
+  Did loose contrition at its springs.
+
+  "Oh, Duty! Visitor Divine,
+  Take all the wealth my house affords,
+  But make thy holy methods mine;
+  Speak to me thy surpassing words!
+
+  "Neglected once and undiscerned,
+  I pour my homage at thy feet.
+  Till I thy sacred law have learned
+  Nor joy, nor life can be complete."
+
+                                         J. W. H.
+
+
+In the closing decade of the nineteenth century a new growth of "causes"
+claimed her time and sympathy. The year 1891 saw the birth of the
+Society of American Friends of Russian Freedom; modelled on a similar
+society which, with "Free Russia" as its organ, was doing good work in
+England.
+
+The object of the American society was "to aid by all moral and legal
+means the Russian patriots in their efforts to obtain for their country
+political freedom and self-government." Its circular was signed by
+Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Julia Ward Howe, John Greenleaf Whittier,
+James Russell Lowell, George Kennan, William Lloyd Garrison, Henry I.
+Bowditch, F. W. Bird, Alice Freeman Palmer, Charles G. Ames, Edward L.
+Pierce, Frank B. Sanborn, Annie Fields, E. Benjamin Andrews, Lillie B.
+Chace Wyman, Samuel L. Clemens, and Joseph H. Twitchell.
+
+James Russell Lowell, writing to Francis J. Garrison in 1891, says:
+"Between mote and beam, I think _this_ time Russia has the latter in her
+eye, though God knows we have motes enough in ours. So you may take my
+name even if it be in vain, as I think it will be."
+
+It was through this society that she made the acquaintance of Mme.
+Breschkovskaya,[118] the Russian patriot whose sufferings and sacrifices
+have endeared her to all lovers of freedom. The two women felt instant
+sympathy with each other. Mme. Breschkovskaya came to 241 Beacon Street
+more than once, and they had much talk together. On one of these
+occasions our mother was asked to play some of her own compositions. Her
+fingers strayed from one thing to another; finally, on a sudden
+impulse, she struck the opening chords of the Russian National Hymn.
+Mme. Breschkovskaya started forward. "Ah, madame!" she cried, "do not
+play that! You cannot know what that air means to us Russians!"
+
+  [118] Now (1915) a political prisoner in Siberia: she escaped, but was
+  recaptured and later removed to a more remote place of imprisonment.
+
+At a great meeting in Faneuil Hall the two spoke, in English and Russian
+respectively, while other addresses were in Yiddish and Polish. All were
+frantically applauded by the polyglot audience which filled the hall to
+overflowing. William Dudley Foulke presided at this meeting. Speaking
+with our mother several years later, he reminded her of the occasion,
+which he thought might have been of a somewhat anarchistic tendency. He
+was not sure, he said, that they had not made fools of themselves. "One
+can afford," she replied, "to make a very great fool of one's self in
+such a cause as that of Russian liberty!"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The year 1891 saw the birth of another society in which she was deeply
+interested, the Women's Rest Tour Association, whose object was "simply
+to make it easier for women who need a trip abroad to take one."
+
+It was proved "that the sum of $250 was sufficient to enable a woman of
+simple tastes to enjoy a summer's vacation in Europe"; a travelling fund
+was established from which women could borrow, or--in certain
+cases--receive gifts; a handbook was issued, etc., etc.
+
+In an unobtrusive way, the Women's Rest Tour Association did and
+continues to do much good. She was its president to the close of her
+life, and in silent and lovely tribute to her memory the office has
+since then remained vacant.
+
+In the early nineties all Christendom was aroused by the outrages
+committed by the Turks in Armenia. From almost every Christian country
+rose a cry of horror: indignation meetings were called; protest,
+denunciation, and appeal were the order of the day. In Boston a meeting
+was held at Faneuil Hall (November 26, 1894), called together by the
+Boston Armenian Relief Committee. She was on the platform, and spoke
+from her heart.
+
+"I could not," she says, "stay away from this meeting. My heart was
+here, and I came, not so much to speak, as to hear what is to be done
+about this dreadful trouble. For something must be done. I have to pray
+God night and morning that He would find some way to stay this terrible
+tide of slaughter....
+
+"I recall the first action of Florence Nightingale when she went to take
+care of the sick and wounded in the Crimean War. She found many things
+wanting for the comfort of the soldiers in the hospitals, but she could
+not get at them. Some seal or mandate was waited for. 'The men are
+suffering,' Florence Nightingale said. 'Break in the doors--open the
+boxes--give me the blankets and medicines. I must have them!'--and so
+she did. Now, the fleets of the Western nations are waiting for some
+diplomatic development which shall open the way for action. I think that
+we, the United States of America, are now called upon to play the part
+of Florence Nightingale; to take our stand and insist upon it that the
+slaughter shall cease. Oh! let us give money, let us give life, but let
+us stand by our principles of civil and religious liberty. I am sure
+that if we do so, we shall have behind us, and with us, that great
+spirit which has been in the world for nineteen centuries past, with
+ever-increasing power. Let us set up in these distant lands the shelter
+of the blessed Cross, and of all that it stands for, and let us make it
+availing once and forever."
+
+Soon after this the Friends of Armenia organized as a society, she being
+its president. Among its members were William Lloyd Garrison, Henry
+Blackwell and his devoted daughter Alice, and M. H. Gulesian. Singly or
+in company they went about, through Massachusetts, holding meetings,
+rousing the people to aid in the protest of Christendom against
+heathendom, of mercy against cruelty. "Spoke for Armenia," is a frequent
+entry in the Journal of these days.
+
+In one of these addresses she said:--
+
+"It may be asked, where is the good of our assembling here? what can a
+handful of us effect against this wicked and remorseless power, so far
+beyond our reach, so entrenched in the selfishness of European nations
+who are the creditors of the bankrupt state, and who keep her alive in
+the hope of recovering the debt which she owes them? The walls of this
+old hall should answer this question. They saw the dawn of our own
+larger liberties. They heard the first indignant plea of Wendell
+Phillips when, in the splendor of his youth, he took the field for the
+emancipation of a despised race which had no friends. So, on this sacred
+arena, I throw down the glove which challenges the Turkish Government
+to its dread account. What have we for us in this contest? The spirit of
+civilization, the sense of Christendom, the heart of humanity. All of
+these plead for justice, all cry out against barbarous warfare of which
+the victims are helpless men, tender women and children. We invoke here
+the higher powers of humanity against the rude instincts in which the
+brute element survives and rules.
+
+  "Aid us, paper, aid us, pen,
+  Aid us, hearts of noble men!
+
+"Aid us, shades of champions who have led the world's progress! Aid us,
+thou who hast made royal the scourge and crown of thorns!"
+
+After hearing these words, Frederick Greenhalge, then Governor of
+Massachusetts, said to her, "Ah, Mrs. Howe, you have given us a prose
+Battle Hymn!"
+
+The Friends of Armenia did active and zealous service through a number
+of years, laboring not only for the saving of life, but for the support
+and education of the thousands of women and orphans left desolate.
+Schools and hospitals were established in Armenia, and many children
+were placed in American homes, where they grew up happily, to
+citizenship.
+
+Nearly ten years later, a new outbreak of Turkish ferocity roused the
+"Friends" to new fervor, and once again her voice was lifted up in
+protest and appeal. She wrote to President Roosevelt, imploring him to
+send some one from some neighboring American consulate to investigate
+conditions. He did so, and his action prevented an impending massacre.
+
+In 1909, fresh persecutions brought the organization once more
+together. The Armenians of Boston reminded her of the help she had given
+before, and asked her to write to President Taft. This she promptly did.
+Briefly, this cause with so many others was to be relinquished only with
+life itself.
+
+On the fly-leaf of the Journal for 1894 is written: "I take possession
+of the New Year in the name of Faith, Hope, and Charity. J. W. Howe."
+
+"Head bewildered with correspondence, bills, etc. Must get out of this
+or die."
+
+"A threatening head, and a week before me full of functions. I feel weak
+in mind and dazed with confusions, but will trust in God and keep my
+powder dry."
+
+"Hearing on Suffrage, Green Room, 10 A.M. My mind was unusually clear
+for this speaking. I determined to speak of the two sorts of people,
+those who naturally wish to keep the best things for themselves, and
+those whose appreciation of these things is such that they cannot
+refrain from spreading them abroad, giving freely as they have received.
+I was able to follow and apply this tolerably in my ten-minute
+speech...."
+
+"Annual meeting of Rest Tour Association; a delightful meeting, full of
+good suggestions. I made one concerning pilgrimages in groups.... I had
+a sudden glimpse to-day of the unfailing goodness of God. This and not
+our merits brings the pardon of our sins."
+
+"To hear Irving in 'Louis XI'; a strong play and a good part for him.
+Left after Act Fourth to attend Mrs. Gardner's musicale, at which Busoni
+pounded fearfully. I said, 'He ought to play with his boots on his
+hands.' He played two curious compositions of Liszt's: St. Francis's
+Sermon to the Birds and to the Fishes--much roaring as of old ocean in
+the second."
+
+"_Boston._ Attended Mrs. Mary Hemenway's funeral in the morning.... A
+great loss she is, but her life has been a great gain. Would that more
+rich men had such daughters! That more rich women had such a heart!..."
+
+"C. G. A. preached a funeral sermon on Mrs. Hemenway. As he opened his
+lips, I said to myself, 'What can he teach us that her life has not
+taught us?' The sermon, however, was most instructive. Such a life makes
+an epoch, and should establish a precedent. If one woman can be so
+disinterested and so wise, others can emulate her example. I, for one,
+feel that I shall not forget this forcible presentation of the aspect of
+such a character, of such a history. God send that her mantle may fall
+upon this whole community, stimulating each to do what he or she can for
+humanity."
+
+
+                               _To Maud_
+
+                               241 BEACON STREET, April 21, 1894.
+
+MY DEAREST DEAR CHILD,--
+
+... Let me tell you of the abolition of the old Fast Day and of the new
+holiday, April 19, ordained in its stead. This, you may remember, is the
+anniversary of the Battle of Lexington. The celebration here was quite
+on a grand scale. The bells of the old North Church were rung and the
+lanterns hung out. A horseman, personating Paul Revere, rode out to
+rouse the farmers of Concord and Lexington, and a sham fight, imitating
+the real one, actually came off with an immense concourse of spectators.
+The Daughters of the American Revolution had made me promise to go to
+their celebration at the Old South, where I sat upon the platform with
+Mrs. Sam Eliot, Regent, and with the two orators of the day, Professor
+Channing and Edward Hale. I wore the changeable silk that Jenny Nelson
+made, the Gardner cashmere, and the _bonnet_ which little you made for
+me last summer. McAlvin refreshed it a little, and it looked most proud.
+Sam Eliot, who presided, said to me, "Why, Julia, you look like the
+queen that I said you were, long ago. If I could do so, I would
+introduce you as the Queen." I tell you all this in order that you may
+know that I was all right as to appearance. I was to read a poem, but
+had not managed to compose one, so I copied out "Our Country" from
+"Later Lyrics," and read it as I was never able to read it before. For
+the first time, it _told_ upon the audience. This was because it was
+especially appropriate to the occasion....
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_May 11._ Opposed the dispensing with the reading of State Reports. The
+maker of the motion said that we could read these at home. I said, 'Yes,
+and we can read the Bible at home, but we like to go to church and hear
+it read.' Finished my screed for this evening and licked my Columbus
+poem into shape, the dear Lord helping me."
+
+
+                         _To Maud_
+
+                                  PLAINFIELD, N.J., May 16, 1894.
+
+MY DEAREST MAUD,--
+
+... First place, I had a visit from Laura. We threw the ball daily, and
+had lunches and punches. We went to hear de Koven's "Robin Hood," the
+music of which is strongly _reminiscent_, and also saw Mounet-Sully's
+"Hamlet," a very wonderful piece of acting. Flossy and I had three days
+of conventioning in Philadelphia, last week. Flossy's little speech was
+one of the best at the convention, and was much applauded. I was
+received on all hands with affectionate goodwill.... There seemed to be,
+among the Eastern women, a desire to make _me_ president [of the General
+Federation of Women's Clubs]. This I immediately put out of the question
+and Mrs. Cheney stood by me, saying that Massachusetts would not see me
+killed with work. It would indeed have been out of the question, as the
+position is probably one of great labor and responsibility....
+
+                                           YOUR MOTHEREST MOTHER.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The Seventy-fifth Birthday brought the customary festivities. The
+newspapers sent reporters; she had a word for each. To the
+representative of the "Advertiser," she said, "I think that I enjoy the
+coming of old age with its peacefulness, like the going down of the sun.
+It is very lovely! I am so glad to be remembered by so many. The
+twilight of life is indeed a pleasant season!"
+
+
+                            _To Maud_
+
+                                 241 BEACON STREET, May 31, 1894.
+
+MY DEAREST CHILD,--
+
+I send you a budget of tributes to my birthday. The "Springfield
+Republican" has a bit about it, with a good and gratifying poem from
+Sanborn. _Really_, dear, between you and me what a old humbug it is! But
+no matter--if people will take me for much better than I am, I can't
+help it, and must only try to live up to my reputation.... I received a
+good letter from you, "a little scolding at first," but "soft rebukes
+with blessings ended," as Longfellow describes the admonitions of his
+first wife.... At the Suffrage Festival, Governor Long presided, and in
+introducing me waved a branch of lilies, saying, "In the beauty of the
+lilies she is still, at seventy-five." Now that I call handsome, don't
+you?...
+
+Flossy had a very successful afternoon tea while I was with her. She had
+three ladies of the _Civitas_ Club and invited about one hundred of her
+neighbors to hear them read papers. It wasn't suffrage, but it was good
+government, which is about the same thing. The parlors looked very
+pretty. I should think seventy or eighty came and all were delighted.
+Did I write you that at Philadelphia she made the most admired speech of
+the occasion? She wore the brocade, finely made over, with big black
+velvet top sleeves and rhinestone comb, and they 'plauded and 'plauded,
+and I sat, grinning like a chessy cat, oh! so welly pleased.
+
+"_July 1._ [_Oak Glen._] Despite my severe fatigue went in town to
+church; desired in my mind to have some good abiding thought given me to
+work for and live by. The best thought that came to me was something
+like this: we are careful of our fortune and of our reputation. We are
+not careful enough of our lives. Society is built of these lives in
+which each should fit his or her place, like a stone fitly joined by the
+builder. We die, but _the life we have lived remains_, and helps to
+build society well or ill. Later on I thought that it sometimes seems as
+if a rope or chain of mercy would be let down to pull some of us out of
+sin and degradation, out of the Hell of passion. If we have taken hold
+of it and have been rescued, shall we not work to have others drawn up
+with us? At such moments, I remember my old wish to speak to the
+prisoners, never fully realized."
+
+"_August 13._ Finished my poem for the Bryant Centenary, of which I have
+despaired; my mind has seemed dull of late, and I have had a hard time
+with this poem, writing what appeared to me bald-doggerel, with no
+uniting thought. In these last three days, I have hammered upon it, and
+bettered it, coming in sight of a better vein and to-day, not without
+prayerful effort, I got it about ready, _D.G._"
+
+
+                                _To Maud_
+
+                                       OAK GLEN, August 27, 1894.
+
+... An interesting French gentleman has been giving readings at Mrs.
+Coleman's. He read us Corneille's "Cid" last evening with much dash and
+spirit. It is a famous play, but the sentiment is very stilted, like
+going up a ladder to shave one's self. I was at Providence on Friday to
+meet a literary club of ladies. I read to them the greater part of my
+play, "Hippolytus," written the summer before Sammy was born, for Edwin
+Booth. It seemed very ghostly to go back to the ambitions of that time,
+but the audience, a parlor one, expressed great satisfaction.... I
+'fesses that I did attend the Bryant Centenary Festival at Cummington,
+Mass. I read a poem written for the occasion. Charles Dudley Warner and
+Charles Eliot Norton were there, and Parke Godwin presided.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_August 31._ To Newport with Flossy, taking my screed with me, to the
+meeting of Colonial Dames, at the rooms of the Historical Society, one
+of which is the old Seventh-Day Baptist Church, which my
+great-grandfather, Governor Samuel Ward, used to attend.... Bishop
+Clarke made the closing address, full of good sense, sentiment and
+wit--a wonderful man for eighty-two years of age."
+
+
+                                _To Laura_
+
+                                     OAK GLEN, September 6, 1894.
+
+Q. What has been your mother's treatment of you latterly?
+
+Ans. Quite devilish, thank you.
+
+Q. Has her conduct this past season been worse than usual?
+
+Ans. Much as usual. I regret to say, couldn't be worse.
+
+(Family Catechism for 1894.)
+
+Oh! I've got a day to myself, and I've got some chillen, and I'm going
+to write to 'em, you bet.
+
+You see, Laura E., of the plural name of Dick, there warn't no summer,
+only one of those patent, boiled-down contrivances, all shrivelled up,
+which if you puts them in water, they swells out, but there warn't no
+water (Encycl. Brit., Article "Drought"); and so the dried-up thing
+didn't swell, and there warn't no summer, and that is why you haven't
+heard from me.... I'm sorry, anyhow, that I can't allow you the luxury
+of one moment's grievance against me, but I can't; I may, _now and
+then_, forget to write ("!!!!" says L. E. R.), but I 'dores you all the
+same. I carry the sweet cheer of your household through all my life. Am
+drefful glad that you have been to camp this season; wish I could go
+myself. Only think of Celia Thaxter's death! I can hardly believe it,
+she always seemed so full of life....
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_September 28._ Here begins for me a new period. I have fulfilled as
+well as I could the tasks of the summer, and must now have a little
+rest, a day or so, and then begin in good earnest to prepare for the
+autumn and winter work, in which A.A.W. comes first, and endless
+correspondence."
+
+                           _To Maud_
+
+                            241 BEACON STREET, December 19, 1894.
+
+Last Sunday evening I spoke in Trinity Church, having been invited to do
+so by the rector, Dr. Donald. Wonders will never cease. The meeting was
+in behalf of the colored school at Tuskegee, which we A.A.W.'s visited
+after our Congress. I dressed myself with unusual care. Dr. Donald gave
+me the place of honor and took me in and upon the platform in the
+chancel where we all sat. Governor Greenhalge was the first speaker. I
+came about fourth, and to my surprise was distinctly heard all over the
+house. You may easily imagine that I enjoyed this very much, although it
+was rather an anxious moment when I stepped forward to speak.... We are
+all much shocked at the death of dear Robert Louis Stevenson of which
+you will have heard before this reaches you. What a loss to literature!
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_January 1, 1895._ I was awake very early and made the prayer that
+during this year I might not say one uncharitable word, or be guilty of
+one ungenerous action."
+
+"_January 6_.... My afternoon service at the Women's Educational and
+Industrial Union.... The day was very stormy and Mrs. Lee met me at the
+carriage, offering to excuse me from speaking to the five persons who
+were in attendance. I felt not to disappoint those five, and presently
+twenty-three were present, and we had a pleasant talk, after the reading
+of the short sermon."
+
+"_January 8_.... Felt much discouraged at waking, the long vista of work
+opening out before me, each task calling for some original brain-work, I
+mean for some special thought worth presenting to an audience. While I
+puzzled, a thought came to me for this day's suffrage speech: 'The
+kingdom cometh not with observation.' The silent, gradual, wonderful
+growth of public sentiment regarding woman suffrage, the spreading sense
+of the great universal harmony which Christ delivered to us in the words
+and acts of a few years, and which, it seems to me, is only now
+beginning to make itself generally felt and to shape the world's
+councils increasingly."
+
+"_January 25._ I awoke this morning overwhelmed by the thought of my
+lecture at Salem, which I have not written. Suddenly a line of my own
+came to me, 'Had I one of thy words, my Master,' and this brought me the
+train of thought, which I shall endeavor to present. The one word which
+we all have is 'charity.' I wrote quite a screed and with that and some
+speaking shall get through, I hope.... Got a good lead of thought and
+felt that I could supply _extempore_ what I had not time to write. Harry
+and Fanny had a beautiful dinner for Lady Henry Somerset."
+
+"_January 26._ Lunch and lecture in Salem. A dreadful storm; I felt that
+I must go. The hackman and I rolled down the steps of the house, he,
+fortunately for me, undermost and quite stout of person; otherwise the
+shock would have been severe and even dangerous...."
+
+[N.B. The terrified hackman, picking himself up, found her already on
+her feet.
+
+"Oh! Mrs. Howe," he cried, "let me help you into the house!"
+
+"Nonsense!" was the reply. "I have just time to catch my train!"]
+
+
+                          _To Maud_
+
+                            241 BEACON STREET, February 24, 1895.
+
+I lost a good lecture engagement at Poughkeepsie through a blizzard. Did
+not start, finding that roads were badly blocked. My engagement at
+Brooklyn was a good one--a hundred dollars. I stayed at Chanler house,
+which was Chanleresque as usual. Peter Marie gave me a fine dinner.
+Margaret went with me, in white satin. I wore my black and white which
+you remember well. It still looks well enough. I wore some beautiful
+lace which I got, through dear sister Annie, from some distressed lace
+woman in England. I went to New York by a _five_-hour train, Godkin of
+the "Nation" taking care of me. He remembers your kind attentions to him
+when you met him in the Pullman with a broken ankle.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_March 30...._ I awoke very early this morning, with a head so confused
+that I thought my brain had given out, at least from the recent
+overstrain.... Twice I knelt and prayed that God would give me the use
+of my mind. An hour in sleep did something towards this and a good cup
+of tea put me quite on my feet...."
+
+"_April 8._ In the late afternoon Harry, my son, came, and after some
+little preparation told me of the death of my dear sister Annie. I have
+been toiling and moiling to keep the engagements of this week, but here
+comes the great silence, and I must keep it for some days at least...."
+
+"_April 10...._ It suddenly occurred to me that this might be the hour,
+as this would surely be the day of dear Annie's funeral. So I found the
+90th Psalm and the chapter in Corinthians, and sat and read them before
+her picture, remembering also Tennyson's lines:--
+
+  "'And _Ave_, _Ave_, _Ave_ said
+  Adieu, adieu, forever more.'"
+
+
+                             _To Laura_
+
+                               241 BEACON STREET, April 14, 1895.
+
+BUONA PASQUA, DEAR CHILD!--
+
+... I feel thankful that my darling died in her own home, apparently
+without suffering, and in the bosom of her beloved family. She has lived
+out her sweet life, and while the loss to all who loved her is great, we
+must be willing to commit our dear ones to God, as we commit ourselves.
+The chill of age, no doubt, prevents my feeling as I should once have
+done, and the feeling that she has only passed in a little before me,
+lessens the sense of separation.
+
+12.25. I have been to our Easter service, which I found very comforting
+and elevating, though it brought some tears, of which I have not shed
+many, being now past the age at which they flow freely. I thought a good
+deal of the desolate Easter at the ranch. For them, too, let us hope
+that the blessed season has brought comforting thoughts.... I went too
+to a Good Friday service at the new Old South, at which Dr. Donald of
+Trinity, Cuckson of Arlington [Unitarian] and Gordon, orthodox
+[Congregational], each took part. It was such an earnest, a reconciled
+and unified Christendom as I am thankful to have lived to see.
+
+Love and blessings to you and yours, dear child.
+
+                                                   Affect.,
+                                                          MOTHER.
+
+
+"_May 20._.Have writ a brief letter to Mary G. Hennessey, Dixon,
+Illinois. She intends to speak of me in her graduation address and
+wanted me to send her 'a vivid history of my life,' with my 'ideas of
+literary work.' I declined the first, but sent a bit under the last
+head."
+
+"_May 27._... Suffrage meeting in the evening. I presided and began
+with, 'Sixty years ago to-day I was sixteen years old. If I only knew
+now what I thought I knew then'!"
+
+"_June 2._... To communion in afternoon. The minister asked whether I
+would speak. I told what I had felt as I entered the church that
+afternoon, 'a sort of realization of the scene in that upper chamber,
+its gloom and its glory. What was in that great heart whose pulsations
+have made themselves felt down to our own time, and all over the world?
+What are its sorrows? It bore the burthen of the sorrows and distresses
+of humanity, and we who pledge him here in this cup are bound to bear
+our part of that burthen. Only thus shall we attain to share in that
+festival of joy and of revealed power which followed the days of doubt
+and despair.'
+
+"All this came to me like a flash. I have written it down from memory
+because I value the thought."
+
+"_June 15._ Attended the funeral of my old friend and helper, Dr.
+Williams, the oculist.... Six stalwart sons carried the coffin.... I
+thought this: 'I am glad that I have at last found out that the battle
+of life is an unending fight against the evil tendencies, evil mostly
+because exceeding right measure, which we find in ourselves.' Strange
+that it should take so long to find this out. This is the victory which
+God gives us when we have fought well and faithfully. Might I at least
+share it with the saints whom I have known.'"
+
+"_July 14._... When I lay down to my rest before dinner, I had a
+momentary sense of the sweetness and relief of the last lying down. This
+was a new experience to me, as I have been averse to any thought of
+death as opposed to the activity which I love. I now saw it as the
+termination of all fight and struggle, and prayed that in the life
+beyond I might pay some of the debts of affection and recompense which I
+have failed to make good in this life. Feeling a little like my old self
+to-day, I realize how far from well I have been for days past."
+
+"_July 27._ Woke with an aching head.... Prayed that even in suffering I
+might still have 'work and worship.' Alliteration is, I know, one of my
+weaknesses. I thought afterwards of a third W--, work, worship, welcome.
+These three words will do for a motto of the life which I now lead, in
+which these words stand for my ruling objects, 'welcome' denoting
+'hospitality' in which I should be glad to be more forward than I have
+been of late...."
+
+"_July 28._ Reading Mr. Hedge's review of Historic Christianity to-day,
+I felt puzzled by his showing of the usefulness of human errors and
+delusion in the great order of Providence. Lying down for my midday
+rest, it became more clear to me that there is truth of sentiment and
+also intellectual truth. In Dr. Hedge's view, the inevitable mistakes of
+human intellect in its early unfolding were helpful to the development
+of true sentiment. Higher than this, however, must be the agreement of
+the two, prefigured perhaps in such sentences as 'Mercy and truth have
+kissed each other.' This thought also came to me: 'Oh, God, no kingdom
+is worth praying for but thine.'"
+
+
+                            _To Laura_
+
+                                        OAK GLEN, August 2, 1895.
+
+DEAREST PIDGE, ALSO MIDGE,--
+
+... I will condescend to inform you that I am well, that Flossy is very
+faithful in taking care of me, and that we are reading Bulwer's
+"Pelham," the stupidest of novels. We are two thirds through with it,
+and how the author of "Rienzi" could have offered the public so dull a
+dish, even in his unripe youth, passes my understanding.
+
+You must not get too tired. Remember that no one will have mercy upon
+you unless you will have mercy upon yourself. We sit out a good deal,
+and enjoy our books, all but "Pelham," our trees, birds, and
+butterflies.
+
+                                              Affectionate
+                                                              MA.
+
+"_September 30._ My dearest Maud left me this morning for another long
+absence; she is to sail for Europe. She had forbidden me to see her off,
+but I could not obey her in this and sat with her at breakfast, and had
+a last kiss and greeting. My last words called after her were: 'Do not
+forget to say your prayers.' May God keep my dearest child and permit us
+to meet again, if it is best that I should live until her return, of
+which at present the prospect seems very good...."
+
+
+The Association for the Advancement of Women met in New Orleans this
+year, but first she must go with Florence to the Council of the General
+Federation of Women's Clubs at Atlanta, Georgia, where a great
+exposition was also being held. The expedition began with disaster.
+
+"_October 31._ Left Boston by Colonial train at 9 A.M. Rolled down my
+front steps, striking my forehead and bruising myself generally, in
+getting to the carriage...."
+
+After taking her part in the Council and visiting the Exposition, she
+proceeded to New Orleans, where a warm welcome awaited her. A few days
+after her arrival, she was driving to some function when a trolley car
+ran into the carriage, shaking her up badly and bruising her lame knee
+severely. It seemed imperative that she should rest for a few days, and
+hostess and daughter pleaded with her. Florence begged in particular
+that she would cancel her engagement to preach in the Unitarian Church;
+begged a little too insistently. "I _wouldn't_, dear mother!" "Flossy,"
+was the reply, "you are you, and I am I! I shall preach on Sunday!"
+
+
+                        _To Maud_
+
+                            241 BEACON STREET, November 17, 1895.
+
+MY DARLING CHILD,--
+
+... I had a confused and weary time moving up from Newport, and my
+Southern journey followed "hard upon." Mrs. Cheney, Eva Channing, Mrs.
+Bethune, and I started on October 31. Flossy joined us in New York. We
+reached Atlanta on Friday. Our meetings were held in the Woman's
+Building of the Atlanta Exposition, and were very pleasant, the
+Exposition being also well worth visiting. I spoke in the Unitarian
+Church on the Sunday following, and on November 4 we started for New
+Orleans which we reached the next morning. We were all to be
+entertained, and Mrs. King, our old friend, had written me a cordial
+invitation to stay with her. The whole family turned out to receive us,
+and we were made at home at once.... Mrs. King had always been most kind
+and loyal to me. Our days in New Orleans, only six in number, were
+delightful. I saw most of the old friends.... After the accident to Mrs.
+King and myself, I felt much like seeking my own hearth. You will have
+seen or heard that a trolley car upset our carriage.... All said that it
+was a wonderful escape. My bruises are nearly well now, and I am able to
+go about as usual. New Orleans has improved much since we were there.
+The old mule cars have disappeared, and much of the mud. People feel
+very glad that the Lottery has been got rid of, but they are bitter
+against the sugar trust. Mrs. Walmsley received our A.A.W. ladies very
+cordially at her fine house and sent me beautiful flowers.... I spoke in
+the Unitarian Church on Sunday, so I had my heart's desire fulfilled....
+
+
+                                 _To Laura_
+
+                                       241 BEACON STREET, BOSTON,
+                                             December 18, 1895.
+
+'Pon my word and honor, couldn't come at it before!... Last week I spoke
+straight along, every day until Saturday; was dreadfully tired. This
+week haven't spoken at all. Oh, I forgot, lecture on "Race Problems in
+Europe," before my own Club. Have sent the Armenians the money for a
+lecture given at Nahant last week, $10. Oh! the difficult dollars!...
+
+
+"_December 28...._ Mrs. Barrows dined _tete-a-tete_ with me, and we had
+much talk about Armenia. I said: 'If we two should go to England, would
+it do any good?' I spoke only half in earnest. She said: 'If you would
+only go, I would go with you as your henchman.' This set me thinking of
+a voyage to England and a crusade such as I made for Peace in 1872. I
+am, however, held forcibly here by engagements, and at my age, my bodily
+presence might be, as St. Paul says, 'contemptible.' I must try to work
+in some other way."
+
+
+                              _To Laura_
+
+                            241 BEACON STREET, December 29, 1895.
+
+... The mince pie was in the grand style, and has been faithfully
+devoured, a profound sense of duty forbidding me to neglect it.... I
+went to a fine musical party at Mrs. Montie Sears's on Thursday evening,
+26th. Paderewski played, at first with strings a Septet or Septuor of
+Brahms', and then many things by himself. Somehow, I could not enjoy him
+much; he played miraculously, but did not seem to be _in it_.
+
+I am more than ever stirred up about the Armenians. The horrible
+massacres go on, just the same, and Christendom stands still. Oh! a
+curse on human selfishness!... We are to have a dramatic entertainment
+for the Red Cross on Jan. 7th at Boston Theatre....
+
+
+"_December 29...._ I determined to-day to try to work more
+systematically for the Armenians. Think I will write to Clara Barton and
+Senator Hoar, also to Lady Henry Somerset, an arraignment of Christendom
+for its supineness towards the Turks, an allusion to Coeur de Lion and
+the ancient Crusaders...."
+
+"_December 30...._ Clara Barton held a meeting for the Red Cross.... I
+was the last speaker and I think that, as sometimes happens, my few
+words brought things to a crisis, for the moment only, indeed, but even
+that may help."
+
+"_December 31._ Rising early and with a mind somewhat confused and
+clouded, I went to my window. As I looked out, the gray clouds parted,
+giving me a moment's sight of a star high up in the heavens. This little
+glimpse gave me hope for the day and great comfort. It was like an
+answering glance to my many troubled questions...."
+
+"We have stood for that which was known to be right in theory, and for
+that which has proved to be right in practice. (From my suffrage address
+at State House in 1894)."
+
+
+In December, 1895, appeared her first volume since "Margaret Fuller," a
+collection of essays, published under the title of the opening one, "Is
+Polite Society Polite?" In the preface she says:--
+
+"I remember, that quite late in the fifties, I mentioned to Theodore
+Parker the desire which I began to feel to give living expression to my
+thoughts, and to lend to my written words the interpretation of my
+voice.
+
+"Parker, who had taken a friendly interest in the publication of my
+first volumes, 'Passion Flowers' and 'Words for the Hour,' gave his
+approval also to this new project. 'The great desire of the age,' he
+said, 'is for vocal expression. People are scarcely satisfied with the
+printed page alone: they crave for their instruction the living voice
+and the living presence.'..."
+
+Of the title essay she says:--
+
+"I remember that I was once invited to read this essay to a village
+audience in one of the New England States. My theme was probably one
+quite remote from the general thought of my hearers. As I went on,
+their indifference began to affect me, and my thought was that I might
+as well have appealed to a set of wooden tenpins as to those who were
+present on that occasion.
+
+"In this, I afterwards learned that I was mistaken. After the conclusion
+of the evening's exercise, a young man, well known in the community, was
+heard to inquire urgently where he could find the lecturer. Friends
+asked, what did he want of her? He replied: 'Well, I did put my brother
+in the poorhouse, and now that I have heard Mrs. Howe, I suppose that I
+must take him out.'"
+
+Another personal reminiscence goes back to her childhood days:--
+
+"I had a nursery governess when I was a small child. She came from some
+country town, and probably regarded her position in my father's family
+as a promotion. One evening, while we little folks gathered about her in
+our nursery, she wept bitterly. 'What is the matter?' we asked; and she
+took me up in her lap, and said: 'My poor old father came here to see me
+to-day, and I would not see him. I bade them tell him that he had
+mistaken the house, and he went away, and as he went I saw him looking
+up at the windows so wistfully!' Poor woman! We wept with her, feeling
+that this was indeed a tragical event, and not knowing what she could do
+to make it better.
+
+"But could I see that woman now, I would say to her: 'If you were
+serving the king at his table, and held his wine-cup in your hand, and
+your father stood without, asking for you, you should set down the cup,
+and go out from the royal presence to honor your father, so much the
+more if he is poor, so much the more if he is old.' And all that is
+really polite in polite society would say so too."
+
+On the same page is a memory of later years:--
+
+"I once heard a lady, herself quite new in society, say of a Parisian
+dame who had shown her some attention: 'Ah! the trouble with Madame ----
+is that she is too good-natured. She entertains everybody.' 'Indeed,'
+thought I, 'if she had been less good-natured, is it certain that she
+would have entertained you?'"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER IX
+
+IN THE HOUSE OF LABOR
+
+1896-1897; _aet._ 77-78
+
+THE HOUSE OF REST
+
+  I will build a house of rest,
+  Square the corners every one:
+  At each angle on his breast
+  Shall a cherub take the sun;
+  Rising, risen, sinking, down,
+  Weaving day's unequal crown.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  With a free, unmeasured tread
+  Shall we pace the cloisters through:
+  Rest, enfranchised, like the Dead;
+  Rest till Love be born anew.
+  Weary Thought shall take his time,
+  Free of task-work, loosed from rhyme.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Measured bread shall build us up
+  At the hospitable board;
+  In Contentment's golden cup
+  Is the guileless liquor poured.
+  May the beggar pledge the king
+  In that spirit gathering.
+
+  Oh! My house is far away;
+  Yet it sometimes shuts me in.
+  Imperfection mars each day
+  While the perfect works begin.
+  In the house of labor best
+  Can I build the house of rest.
+
+                                     J. W. H.
+
+
+On the fly-leaf of the Journal for 1896 is written:--
+
+"That it may please Thee, to have mercy upon all men, we beseech Thee to
+hear us, Good Lord."
+
+"_January 1._ I ask for this year, or for so much of it as God may grant
+me, that I may do some service in the war of civilization against
+barbarism, in my own country and elsewhere."
+
+"_January 18._... Re-wrote and finished my Easter poem, for which
+_gratias Deo_! I have had so much small business that I almost despaired
+of accomplishing this poem, of which the conception is good, but the
+execution very faulty. I took it all to pieces to-day, kept the thoughts
+and altered the arrangement."
+
+"_January 23._ Dinner of Sorosis at the Waldorf, at 7 o'clock.
+
+"Reached New York at 3 P.M. Elizabeth [Mrs. John Jay Chapman] had sent
+maid and carriage for me, which was most kind. Had a good rest and a
+short walk and went to Sorosis dinner, which was very brilliant and
+fine. I was asked to speak and took for my topic, 'The Day of Small
+Things'; the beginning of Sorosis and the New England Woman's Club,
+considered so trifling a matter, yet very important because it had
+behind it a very important principle; the fact that the time had come in
+which women were bound to study, assist, and stand by each other. I
+quoted Christ's saying about the mustard seed. Miss Barton's mission to
+Armenia I called a mustard seed, and one which would have very important
+results."
+
+"_January 27...._ Wrote a few lines to Mrs. Charles A. Babcock, Oil
+City, Pennsylvania, for a woman's issue of a paper called the 'Derrick.'
+She wishes me to say what I thought would be the result of the 'women's
+edition' fad. I said that one result would be to drive to desperation
+those who receive letters, asking contributions to these issues."
+
+"_February 9._ Another inspired sermon from C. G. Ames. Miss Page asked,
+'Why is he so earnest? What does it mean?' I replied, 'He is in one of
+those waves of inspiration which come sometimes. The angel has certainly
+troubled the pool and we can go to it for healing.' Returning home, I
+wrote some lines about my sister Annie's picture. I had in church a
+momentary glimpse of the meaning of Christ's saying, 'I am the vine and
+ye are the branches.' I felt how the source of our spiritual love is in
+the heavenly fatherhood, and how departing from our sense of this we
+become empty and barren. It was a moment of great comfort...."
+
+"_February 10...._ Gulesian last evening said that the Armenians want me
+to go to England, as a leader in advocacy of their cause. The thought
+brought me a new feeling of energy and enthusiasm. I think I must first
+help the cause in Washington, D.C."
+
+"_February 26._ Hearing at State House on Suffrage. Worked at it [her
+address] somewhat in the early morning. Was tolerably successful in
+making my points. Was rather disappointed because no one applauded me.
+Considered that this was a lesson that we must learn, to do without
+praise. It comforted me to take it in this way. Soon the interest of
+what the others said put my own matters quite out of my mind. The
+hearing was a good one, all except a dreadful woman, calling herself a
+Socialist, full of insufferable conceit and affectation of knowledge. An
+English labor man spoke well."
+
+"_March 22...._ As I left church, Mrs. James Freeman Clarke stopped me,
+took both of my hands in hers and said she was sure that the world was
+better for my having been in it. This from so undemonstrative a person
+moved me a good deal and consoled me somewhat for my poor deserts and
+performances in the past--a burden which often weighs heavily upon
+me...."
+
+"_April 2._ Conservatory of Music, 3 P.M. I went in fear and trembling
+with a violent bronchial cold and cough, in a miserable storm. I prayed
+all the way there that I might be pleasant in my demeanor, and I think
+that I was, for my trouble at having to run such a risk soon went out of
+my mind, and I enjoyed the occasion very much; especially meeting pupils
+from so many distant States, and one or two from Canada."
+
+"_April 8...._ I asked in my prayer this morning, feeling miserably dull
+and weak, that some deed of help and love might be given me to
+accomplish to-day. At noon came three gentlemen, Hagop Bogigian, Mr.
+Blanchard, and Mr. Breed, of Lynn, praying me to make an appeal to the
+women of America for their Armenian sisters, who are destroying
+themselves in many instances to avoid Turkish outrage. The funds
+subscribed for relief are exhausted and some new stimulus to rouse the
+public is much needed.... I felt that I had had an answer to my
+prayer...."
+
+
+                          _To Maud_
+
+                               241 BEACON STREET, April 18, 1896.
+
+... Let me tell you now, lest you should hear of it in some other way,
+that I was urged to go to England this summer to intercede with Queen
+Victoria for the Armenians. I thought of it, but the plan seemed to me
+chimerical and futile. I still have them and the Cretans greatly at
+heart, but I don't think I could do any good in the way just mentioned.
+I should have been glad to make a great sacrifice for these persecuted
+people, but common sense must be adhered to, in all circumstances....
+
+
+                                 _To the same_
+
+                               241 BEACON STREET, April 18, 1896.
+
+... If you go to Russia, be careful to go as Mrs. John Elliott, not as
+Maud Howe Elliott. Your name is probably known there as one of the
+friends of "Free Russia," and you might be subjected to some annoyance
+in consequence. You had better make acquaintance with our minister,
+whoever he may be. The Russians seem now to have joined hands with the
+Turks. If the American missionaries can only be got rid of, Russia, it
+is said, will take Armenia under her so-called protection, and will
+compel all Christians to join the Greek Church. There is so much spying
+in Russia that you will have to be very careful what you talk about. I
+rather hope you will not go, for a dynamite country is especially
+dangerous in times of great public excitement, which the time of the
+coronation cannot fail to be....
+
+
+"_April 20._ F. J. Garrison called and made me an offer, on the part of
+Houghton, Mifflin & Company, that they should publish my
+'Reminiscences.'... I accepted, but named a year as the shortest time
+possible for me to get such a book ready...."
+
+
+As a matter of fact, it took three years for her to complete the
+"Reminiscences." During these years, while she made it her principal
+literary work, it still had to take its chance with the rest, to be laid
+down at the call of the hour and taken up again when the insistence of
+"screed" or poem was removed: this while in Boston or Newport. During
+the Roman winter, soon to be described, she wrote steadily day by day;
+but here she must still work at disadvantage, having no access to
+journals or papers, depending on memory alone.
+
+
+"_May 7._ Question: Cannot we follow up the Parliament of Religions by a
+Pan-Christian Association? I will try to write about this."
+
+"_May 19._ Had sought much for light, or a leading thought about what I
+ought to do for Armenia.... Wrote fully to Senator Hoar, asking his
+opinion about my going abroad and whether I could have any official
+support."
+
+"_May 28._ Moral Education Association, 10 A.M., Tremont Temple.
+
+"I wish to record this thought which came to me on my birthday: As for
+individuals, no bettering of fortunes compares in importance with the
+bettering of character; so among nations, no extension of territory or
+aggregation of wealth equals in importance the fact of moral growth. So
+no national loss is to be deplored in comparison with loss of moral
+earnestness."
+
+"_Oak Glen, June 30...._ Finished this afternoon my perusal of the
+'Memoir' of Mr. John Pickering. Felt myself really uplifted by it into
+an atmosphere of culture and scholarship, rarely attained even by the
+intelligent people whom we all know...."
+
+"_July 12...._ I pray this morning for courage to undertake and fervor
+to accomplish something in behalf of Christian civilization against the
+tide of barbarism, which threatens to over-sweep it. This may be a
+magazine article; something, at any rate, which I shall try to write.
+
+"1 P.M. Have made a pretty good beginning in this task, having writ nine
+pages of a screed under the heading: 'Shall the frontier of Christendom
+be maintained and its domain extended?'"
+
+
+                                _To Maud_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 18, 1896.
+
+MY DARLING WANDERER,--
+
+Here I am comfortably settled for the summer, bathed in greenery and
+good air. I had barely unpacked my books and papers when Daisy came out
+on horseback to insist upon my paying her a visit. I did this, and went
+to her on Wednesday, returning home on the following Monday. On the 4th
+of July I attended, by invitation, the meeting of the Cincinnati in the
+Old State House here. Cousin Nathanael Greene presided. Charles Howland
+Russell read aloud the Declaration of Independence. Governor Lippitt
+made an address in which he mentioned Governor Samuel Ward, my
+great-grandfather.... I have a good piano this year. We went on Monday
+last to see the furniture at Malbone, all of which has just been sold at
+auction. A good deal of it was very costly and some of it very
+handsome.... Apropos of worldly goods, Cornelius Vanderbilt has had a
+stroke.
+
+
+                              _To Laura_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 25, 1896.
+
+Oh, yes! you now and then do lend me a daughter, and so you'd ought to.
+Which, didn't I profit by Alice's visit? My good woman (as poor, dear
+----used to say when she was in wrath), I should think so. Clear comfort
+the wretch was to me, wretch because she had such an old miserable to
+look after. I sometimes catch myself thinking that, however it may be
+with other families, your family, madam, came into this world for my
+especial pleasure and comfort. What do you think of this view? No matter
+what you think, dear, it won't make any difference as to facts.... I
+miss even the youth in Alice's voice. I would like, mum, if you please,
+mum, to enjoy about sixty years more of grandmotherhood, with fresh
+crops of grandchildren coming up at reasonable intervals. Our life here,
+this summer, is even unusually quiet. We have few visitors.... I am, as
+usual, well content with my books, and busy with my papers. Flossy reads
+aloud Green's "History of the English People" about half an hour daily,
+after breakfast. The boys reluctantly submit to listen, fidgeting a
+good deal. It is less readable for youth than I supposed it to be. We
+play whist in the evening, and had a wood fire last evening, the weather
+being suddenly cold. I learned yesterday, from the "'Tiser," the death
+of Adolphe Mailliard [her brother-in-law] which has brought me many
+sober thoughts, despite the trifling tone of this letter. I had waked
+the day before, thinking that some one said to me "Mailliard is dying."
+I recorded it in my Diary, but had no idea that I should so soon hear of
+it as a reality. What a chapter ends with him!
+
+
+"_August 15._ To-day is mercifully cool. I have about finished my A.A.W.
+screed, _D.G._ The great heats have affected me very much; my brain has
+been full of fever fancies and of nonsense. I prayed earnestly this
+morning that I might not survive my wits. I have great hope that I shall
+not...."
+
+"_August 17._ Have read in Minot J. Savage's 'Four Great Questions,' and
+in the long biography of my uncle, Rev. B. C. Cutler. His piety and
+faithfulness appear to me most edifying. His theology at the present
+time seems impossible. I am sorry that I saw so very little of him after
+my marriage, but he was disposed to consider me as one of the lost, and
+I could not have met him on any religious ground. I could do this better
+now, having learned something of the value which very erroneous opinions
+may have, when they serve, as in his case, to stimulate right effort and
+true feeling."
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+                                       OAK GLEN, August 21, 1896.
+
+Being in a spleeny and uncomfortable mood to-day, what resource so
+legitimate as to betake myself to my own family? No particular reason
+for growling, growly so much the more. If I only had a good grievance
+now, how I would improve it! Well, you see, trouble is some of us have
+not any money to speak of, and in consequence we ain't nobody, and so
+on. There I hear the voice of my little mother Laura, saying: "Well,
+well!" in her soothing way. The truth is, darling, that first I was
+roasted out, and then it "friz horrid," and my poor old "conshushion"
+couldn't quite stand it.... D' ye see? "Well, no," says Laura: "I don't
+exactly see." Well, s'pose you don't--what then? You sweetheart, this is
+just the way this old, unthankful sinner was taken, just now. But I've
+got bravely over it, and I submit to health, comfort, delightful books,
+young company and good friends. Edifying, ain't it? ...
+
+
+"_September 15._ In the cars, reading the Duke of Argyll's fine
+opuscule, 'Our [England's] Responsibilities for Turkey,' my heart was
+lifted up in agonized prayer. I said, 'O God! give me a handwriting on
+the wall, that I may truly know what I can do for these people.' And I
+resolved not to go back from the purpose which prompted this prayer.
+
+"Arrived at St. John [New Brunswick] and was made very welcome.
+Reception in the evening by the ladies of the Council. Speeches: Rev.
+Mr. De Wars, Anglican minister, spoke of our taking A.A.W. to England. I
+wondered if this was my handwriting on the wall."
+
+"_October 10._ Wheaton Seminary Club, Vendome. Reminiscences of
+Longfellow and Emerson.... As I was leaving one lady said to me, 'Mrs.
+Howe, you have shocked me very much, and I think that when you go to the
+other world, you will be sorry that you did not stay as you were,'
+_i.e._, Orthodox instead of Unitarian. Miss Emerson apologized to me for
+this rather uncivil greeting. I feel sure that the lady misunderstood
+something in my lecture. What, I could not tell."
+
+"_November 1._ The Communion service was very delightful. I prayed quite
+earnestly this morning that the dimness of sight, which has lately
+troubled me, might disappear. My eyes are really better to-day. I seemed
+at one moment during the service to see myself as a little child in the
+Heavenly Father's Nursery, having played my naughty pranks (alas!) and
+left my tasks unperformed, but coming, as bedtime draws near, to kiss
+and be forgiven."
+
+
+                              _To Maud_
+
+                      ROKEBY, BARRYTOWN, N.Y., December 25, 1896.
+
+MY OWN DEAREST,--
+
+I am here according to promise to spend Christmas with Daisy.[119] I
+occupy Elizabeth Chanler's room, beautifully adorned with hangings of
+poppy-colored silk.
+
+  [119] Mrs. Winthrop Chanler.
+
+... All of us helped to dress the tree, which was really beautiful. The
+farm people came in at about six o'clock, also the old tutor, Bostwick,
+and the Armstrong cousins. After dinner, we had a fiddler in the hall.
+Alida danced an Irish jig very prettily, and we had a Virginia reel,
+which I danced, if you please, with Mr. Bostwick. Then we snuggled up to
+the fire in the library and Wintie read aloud from Mark Twain's
+"Huckleberry Finn."...
+
+
+The year 1897 brought new activities. The Lodge Immigration Bill roused
+her to indignation and protest; there were "screeds" and letters to the
+powers that were.
+
+In the early spring came another crisis in the East, Greece and Crete
+bearing this time the brunt of Turkish violence. Thirty years had passed
+since Crete made her first stand for independence; years of dumb
+suffering and misery. Now her people rose again in revolt against their
+brutal masters, and this time Greece felt strong enough to stand openly
+by her Cretan brothers.
+
+Our mother was deeply moved by this new need, which recalled so many
+precious memories. The record of the spring of 1897 is much concerned
+with it.
+
+Written on the fly-leaf of the Journal: "The good God make me grateful
+for this new year, of which I am allowed to see the beginning. Thy
+kingdom come! I have many wishes, but this prayer will carry them all.
+January 1, 1897.
+
+"Oh, dear!"
+
+
+"_January 4...._ Went in the evening to see the Smith College girls,
+Class of '95, play 'Midsummer Night's Dream.' A most lovely and ideal
+performance. Their representation of the Athenian clowns was incredibly
+good, especially of Nick Bottom."
+
+"_January 5._... Was grieved and shocked to learn early this morning
+that my brilliant neighbor, General Francis A. Walker, had died during
+the night. He always greeted me with chivalrous courtesy, and has more
+than once given me his arm to help me homeward, when he has found me
+battling with the high winds in or near Beacon Street...."
+
+
+                              _To Maud_
+
+                     241 BEACON STREET, BOSTON, January 18, 1897.
+
+About the life "_a deux seulement_," I agree with you in thinking that
+it is not good for either party. It is certainly very narrowing both to
+the mind and to the affections, and is therefore to be avoided. A
+reasonable amount of outside intercourse is a vital condition of good
+living, even in the most sympathetic and intimate marriages, and the
+knowledge of this is one of the strong points in the character of women
+generally, who do nine tenths of what is done to keep up social
+intercourse....
+
+
+"_April 2._ Evening; celebration of twenty-fifth year of Saturday
+Morning Club. Have writ draft of an open letter regarding Greek matters;
+also finished a very short screed for this evening...."
+
+"_April 18...._ I determined to work more for the Greeks and to try and
+write something about the craze prevailing just now for the Eastern
+religions, which are rather systems of speculation than of practical
+religion."
+
+
+                                   _To Maud_
+
+                                                  April 18, 1897.
+
+... Mrs. Berdan made a visit here, and I gave a reception for her, and
+took her to the great occasion of the Saturday Morning Club, celebrating
+their twenty-fifth anniversary. The whole thing was very beautiful--the
+reception was in the tapestry room of the Art Museum. I was placed in a
+sort of throne chair, with the president and ex-presidents in a line at
+my left, and the cream of Boston was all brought up and presented to me.
+In another of the large rooms a stage had been arranged, and from this I
+made my little speech. Then came some beautiful singing by Mrs. Tebbets,
+with a small orchestral accompaniment, and then was given one act of
+Tennyson's "Princess" and Browning's "In a Balcony." The place, the
+performances, and the guests made this a very distinguished occasion. I
+had gone just before this to see Louisa Cushing's wonderful acting in a
+French play of the Commune. She possesses great tragic power and reminds
+one of Duse and of Sarah Bernhardt. I suppose that H. M. H. has written
+you of his appointment as Professor of Metallurgy, etc., at Columbia
+College, New York. He and Fannie are much pleased with this, and it is
+considered a very important step for him. I shall miss him a good deal,
+but am glad of it for his sake. Michael[120] and I went yesterday to the
+annual breakfast of the Charity Club. Greece had been made the topic of
+the day. Michael made a splendid speech, and sang three stanzas of the
+Greek National Hymn, albeit he cannot sing at all--he intoned it. I also
+made a little speech, and some money was given to aid the Greek cause.
+Hezekiah Butterworth was present, and I offered the following conundrum:
+"What's butter worth?" Answer, "The cream of everything." Adieu, my
+dearest.
+
+  [120] Anagnos.
+
+                                 Ever your loving
+                                                          MOTHER.
+
+
+"_April 26._ Received permission to use Faneuil Hall for a Woman's
+Meeting of Aid and Sympathy for Greece...."
+
+"_May 3._ Working at sending out notices of the Faneuil Hall meeting."
+
+"_May 4._ The day was auspicious for our meeting. Although very tired
+with the preparations, I wrote my little screed, dressed, and went
+betimes to the Hall, where I was expected to preside. I found it
+prettily arranged, though at very small expense. I wore as a badge a
+tiny Greek flag made of blue and white ribbon, and brought badges of
+these colors for the young ladies who were to take up the collection.
+Many whom I had requested to come were present. Sarah Whitman, Lizzie
+Agassiz, Mrs. Cornelius Felton, Mrs. Fields, Mrs. Whitney, besides our
+Committee and Mrs. Barrows. M. Anagnos gave us the band of the
+Institution, which was a great help. They played several times. I
+introduced C. G. Ames, who made a prayer. My opening address followed.
+Mmes. Livermore and Woolson, and Anagnos made the most important
+addresses. As the band played 'America,' a young Greek came in, bearing
+the Greek flag, which had quite a dramatic effect. The meeting was
+enthusiastic and the contribution unusual for such a meeting, three
+hundred and ninety-seven dollars and odd cents. Thank God for this
+success."
+
+"_May 13.... Head desperately bad in the morning._ ... Have done no good
+work to-day, brain being unserviceable. Did, however, begin a short
+screed for my speech at Unitarian Festival.
+
+"The Round Table was most interesting. Rev. S. J. Barrows read a
+carefully studied monograph of the Greek struggle for liberty. Mr.
+Robinson, of the Art Museum, spoke mostly of the present desperate need.
+I think I was called next. I characterized the Turks as almost '_ferae
+naturae_.' Spoke of the low level of European diplomacy. Said that we
+must fall back upon the ethical people, but hope for a general
+world-movement making necessary the adoption of a higher level of
+international relation--look to the religious world to uphold the
+principle that no religion can henceforth be allowed to propagate itself
+by bloodshed."
+
+"_May 18._ A lecture at Westerly, Rhode Island.... My lameness made the
+ascent of steps and stairs very painful...."
+
+"_May 22._ Heard a delightful French Conference and reading from M.
+Louis. Had a fit of timidity about the stairs, which were high and many;
+finally got down. Had a worse one at home, where could not get up the
+staircase on my feet, and had to execute some curious gymnastics to get
+up at all."
+
+"_May 25._ My knee was very painful in the night, and almost intolerable
+in the morning, so sent for Wesselhoeft, who examined it and found the
+trouble to proceed from an irritation of a muscle, probably rheumatic in
+character. He prescribed entire rest and threatened to use a splint if
+it should not soon be better. I must give up some of my many
+engagements, and cannot profit by the doings of this week, alas!"
+
+"_May 27._ I am to speak at the Unitarian Festival; dinner at 5 P.M.
+
+"This is my seventy-eighth birthday. If the good God sees fit to grant
+me another year, may He help me to fill it with good work. I am still
+very lame, but perhaps a little better for yesterday's massage. Gifts of
+flowers from many friends began early to arrive, and continued till late
+in the evening. The house was resplendent and fragrant with them. I
+worried somewhat about the evening's programme and what I should say,
+but everything went well. Kind Dr. Baker Flynt helped me, cushion and
+all, into Music Hall, and several gentlemen assisted me to the platform,
+where I was seated between the Chairman of the Festival Committee and
+Robert Collyer.... I desired much to have the word for the occasion, but
+I am not sure whether I had."
+
+"_June 2._ My first day of 'solitary confinement.'..."
+
+
+                          _To Laura_
+
+                                 241 BEACON STREET, June 2, 1897.
+
+As poor Susan Bigelow once wrote me:--
+
+  "The Buffalo lies in his lonely lair,
+  No friend nor agent visits him there."
+
+She was lame at the time, and I had once called her, by mistake, "Mrs.
+Buffalo." Well, perfidious William,[121] rivalling in tyranny the Sultan
+of Turkey, has forbidden me to leave this floor. So here I sit, growly
+and bad, but obliged to acquiescence in W.'s sentence....
+
+  [121] Dr. Wesselhoeft.
+
+                             Affect.,
+                                                         MUZ-WUZ.
+
+
+                            _To Maud_
+                                 241 BEACON STREET, June 4, 1897.
+
+DEAREST DEAR CHILD,--
+
+First place, darling, dismiss from your mind the idea that reasonable
+people to-day believe that the souls of men in the pre-Christian world
+were condemned and lost. The old religions are generally considered
+to-day as necessary steps in the religion of the human race, and
+therefore as part of the plan of a beneficent Providence. The Jews were
+people of especial religious genius, producing a wonderful religious
+literature, and Christianity, which came out of Judaism, is, to my
+belief, the culmination of the religious sense of mankind. But Paul
+himself says, speaking to the Athenians, that "God hath not left himself
+without a witness," at any time. I was brought up, of course, in the
+old belief, which I soon dismissed as irreconcilable with any idea of a
+beneficent Deity. As for the doctrine of regeneration, I think that by
+being born again the dear Lord meant that we cannot apprehend spiritual
+truths unless our minds are earnestly set upon understanding them. To
+any one who has led a simple, material life, without aspiration or moral
+reflection, the change by which his attention becomes fastened upon the
+nobler aspect of character and of life is really like a new birth. We
+may say the same of the love of high art and great literature. Some
+people turn very suddenly from a frivolous or immoral life to a better
+and more thoughtful way. They remember this as a sudden conversion. In
+most of us, I think the change is more gradual and natural. The better
+influences win us from the evil things to which most of us are in some
+way disposed. We have to seek the one and to shun the other. I, for
+example, am very thankful that my views of many things are unlike what
+they were twenty or thirty or forty years ago. I attribute this change
+mostly to good influences, reading, hearing sermons and high
+conversation. These things often begin in an effort of will to "move up
+higher." If I write more about this, I shall muddle myself and you. Only
+don't distress yourself about regeneration. I think it mostly comes
+insensibly, like a child's growth....
+
+I attended the memorial meeting at the unveiling of the Shaw Monument.
+You can't think how beautiful the work is. The ceremonies took place
+Monday, beginning with a procession which came through Beacon Street.
+Governor Wolcott, in a barouche and four, distinctly bowed to me. The
+New York Seventh Regiment came on and marched beautifully; our Cadets
+marched about as well. There was also a squad from our battleships, two
+of which were in the harbor. At twelve o'clock we all went to Music Hall
+where they sang my "Battle Hymn." The Governor and Mayor and Colonel
+Harry Lee spoke. Willie James gave the oration and Booker Washington
+really made _the_ address of the day, simple, balanced, and very
+eloquent. I had a visit yesterday from Larz and Isabel [Anderson]. He
+told me much about you. Darling, this is a very poor letter, but much
+love goes with it.
+
+                              Affectionate
+                                                          MOTHER.
+
+
+"_June 6._... Have writ a note to little John Jeffries, _aet._ six
+years, who sent me a note in his own writing, with a dollar saved out of
+five cents per week, for the 'poor Armenians.' He writes: 'I don't like
+the Turks one bit. I think they are horrid.' Have sent note and dollar
+to A. S. B. for the Armenian orphans."
+
+"_June 27, Oak Glen._ My first writing in this dear place. Carrie Hall
+yesterday moved me down into dear Chev's bedroom on the first floor,
+Wesselhoeft having forbidden me to go up and down stairs. I rebelled
+inwardly against this, but am compelled to acknowledge that it is best
+so. Carrie showed great energy in moving down all the small objects to
+which she supposed me to be attached. I have now had an exquisite
+sitting in my green parlor, reading a sermon of dear James Freeman
+Clarke's."
+
+"_June 28._ Wrote my stint of 'Reminiscences' in the morning.... At
+bedtime had very sober thoughts of the limitation of life. It seemed to
+me that the end might be near. My lameness and the painful condition of
+my feet appear like warnings of a decline of physical power, which could
+only lead one way. My great anxiety is to see Maud before I depart."
+
+"_July 10._ I dreamed last night, or rather this morning, that I was
+walking as of old, lightly and without pain. I cried in my joy: 'Oh,
+some one has been mind-curing me. My lameness has disappeared.' Have
+writ a pretty good screed about John Brown."
+
+"_July 22._... Dearest Maud and Jack arrived in the evening. So welcome!
+I had not seen Jack in two years. I had begun to fear that I was never
+to see Maud again."
+
+"_July 26._ Had a little time of quiet thought this morning, in which I
+seemed to see how the intensity of individual desire would make chaos in
+the world of men and women if there were not a conquering and
+reconciling principle of harmony above them all. This to my mind can be
+no other than the infinite wisdom and infinite love which we call God."
+
+"_August 18._ I prayed this morning for some direct and definite service
+which I might render. At noon a reporter from the 'New York Journal'
+arrived, beseeching me to write something to help the young Cuban girl,
+who is in danger of being sent to the Spanish Penal Colony [Ceuta] in
+Africa. I wrote an appeal in her behalf and suggested a cable to the
+Pope. This I have already written. The Hearsts will send it. This was
+an answer to my prayer. Our dear H. M. H. arrived at 3 P.M...."
+
+"_August 29._ Had a little service for my own people, Flossy and her
+four children. Spoke of the importance of religious culture. Read the
+parable of the wise and foolish virgins. Flossy thought the wise ones
+unkind not to be willing to share with the foolish. I suggested that the
+oil pictured something which could not be given in a minute. Cited
+Beecher's saying, which I have so long remembered, that we cannot get
+religion as we order a suit of clothes. If we live without it, when some
+overwhelming distress or temptation meets us, we shall not find either
+the consolation or the strength which true faith gives."
+
+"_September 23._ Have just learned by cable from Rome that my dearest
+sister Louisa died yesterday morning. Let me rather hope that she awoke
+from painful weakness and infirmity into a new glory of spiritual life.
+Her life here has been most blameless, as well as most beautiful.
+Transplanted to Rome in her early youth and beauty, she became there a
+centre of disinterested hospitality, of love and of charity. She was as
+rare a person in her way as my sweet sister Annie. Alas! I, of less
+desert than either, am left, the last of my dear father's and mother's
+children. God grant that my remaining may be for good! And God help me
+to use faithfully my little remnant of life in setting my house in
+order, and in giving such completeness as I can to my life-work, or
+rather, to its poor efforts."
+
+"_September 25._ Was sad as death at waking, pondering my many
+difficulties. The day is most lovely. I have read two of Dr. Hedge's
+sermons and feel much better. One is called 'The Comforter,' and was
+probably written in view of the loss of friends by death. It speaks of
+the spirit of a true life, which does not pass away when the life is
+ended, but becomes more and more dear and precious to loving survivors.
+The text, from John xvi, 7: 'It is expedient for you that I go away.'
+Have writ a good screed about the Rome of 1843-44."
+
+
+                              _To Laura_
+
+                                    OAK GLEN, September 27, 1897.
+
+... My dear sister and I have lived so long far apart, that it is
+difficult for me to have a _realizing sense_ of her departure. It is
+only at moments that I can feel that we shall meet on earth no more. I
+grieve most of all that my life has been so far removed from hers. She
+has been a joy, a comfort, a delight to so many people, and I have had
+so little of all this! The remembrance of what I have had is indeed most
+precious, but alas! for the long and wide separation. What an enviable
+memory she leaves! No shadows to dim its beauty.
+
+I send you, dear, a statement regarding my relations with Lee and
+Shepard. I am much disheartened about my poems and almost feel like
+giving up. _But I won't._
+
+                                  Affect.,
+                                                          MOTHER.
+
+In November, 1897, she sailed for Italy with the Elliotts.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER X
+
+THE LAST ROMAN WINTER
+
+1897-1898; _aet._ 78
+
+THE CITY OF MY LOVE
+
+  She sits among th' eternal hills,
+  Their crown, thrice glorious and dear;
+  Her voice is as a thousand tongues
+  Of silver fountains, gurgling clear.
+
+  Her breath is prayer, her life is love,
+  And worship of all lovely things;
+  Her children have a gracious port,
+  Her beggars show the blood of kings.
+
+  By old Tradition guarded close,
+  None doubt the grandeur she has seen;
+  Upon her venerable front
+  Is written: "I was born a Queen!"
+
+  She rules the age by Beauty's power,
+  As once she ruled by armed might;
+  The Southern sun doth treasure her
+  Deep in his golden heart of light.
+
+  Awe strikes the traveller when he sees
+  The vision of her distant dome,
+  And a strange spasm wrings his heart
+  As the guide whispers: "There is Rome!"
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  And, though it seem a childish prayer,
+  I've breathed it oft, that when I die,
+  As thy remembrance dear in it,
+  That heart in thee might buried lie.
+
+                                             J. W. H.
+
+
+The closing verse of her early poem, "The City of My Love," expresses
+the longing that, like Shelley's, her heart "might buried lie" in Rome.
+Some memory of this wish, some foreboding that the wish might be
+granted, possibly darkened the first days of her last Roman winter. In
+late November of the year 1897 she arrived in Rome with the Elliotts to
+pass the winter at their apartment in the ancient Palazzo Rusticucci of
+the old Leonine City across the Tiber; in the shadow of St. Peter's,
+next door to the Vatican. The visit had been planned partly in the hope
+that she might once more see her sister Louisa. In this we know she was
+disappointed. They reached Rome at the beginning of the rainy season,
+which fell late that year. All these causes taken together account for
+an unfamiliar depression that creeps into the Journal. She missed, too,
+the thousand interests of her Boston life; her church, her club, her
+meetings, all the happy business of keeping a grandmother's house where
+three generations and their friends were made welcome. At home every
+hour of time was planned for, every ounce of power well invested in some
+"labor worthy of her metal." In Rome her only work at first was the
+writing of her "Reminiscences" for the "Atlantic Monthly." Happily, the
+depression was short-lived. Gradually the ancient spell of the Great
+Enchantress once more enthralled her, but it was not until she had
+founded a club, helped to found a Woman's Council, begun to receive
+invitations to lecture and to preach, that the accustomed _joie de
+vivre_ pulses through the record. The sower is at work again, the ground
+is fertile, the seed quickening.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_December 1._ The first day of this winter, which God help me to live
+through! Dearest Maud is all kindness and devotion to me, and so is
+Jack, but I have Rome _en grippe_; nothing in it pleases me."
+
+"_December 6._ Something, perhaps it is the bright weather, moves me to
+activity so strongly that I hasten to take up my pen, hoping not to
+lapse into the mood of passive depression which has possessed me ever
+since my arrival in Rome."
+
+"_December 7._ We visited the [William J.] Stillmans--S. and I had not
+met in thirty years, not since '67 in Athens. Went to afternoon tea at
+Miss Leigh Smith's. She is a cousin of Florence Nightingale, whom she
+resembles in appearance. Mme. Helbig was there, overflowing as ever with
+geniality and kindness."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Mr. Stillman was then the Roman correspondent of the London "Times," a
+position only second in importance to that of the British Ambassador.
+His tall, lean figure, stooping shoulders,--where a pet squirrel often
+perched,--his long grey beard and keen eyes were familiar to the Romans
+of that day. His house was a meeting-place for artists and _litterati_.
+Mrs. Stillman our mother had formerly known as the beautiful Marie
+Spartali, the friend of Rossetti and Du Maurier, the idol of literary
+and artistic London. A warm friendship grew up between them. Together
+they frequented the antiquaries, gleaning small treasures of ancient
+lace and peasant jewels.
+
+"I bought this by the Muse Stillman's advice": this explanation
+guaranteed the wisdom of purchasing the small rose diamond ring set in
+black enamel.
+
+"_December 9._ Dined with Daisy Chanler. We met there one Brewster and
+Hendrik Anderson. After dinner came Palmer [son of Courtland] and his
+sister. He is a pianist of real power and charm--made me think of
+Paderewski, when I first heard him...."
+
+"_December 10._ Drove past the Trevi Fountain and to the Coliseum, where
+we walked awhile. Ladies came to hear me talk about Women's Clubs. This
+talk, which I had rather dreaded to give, passed off pleasantly.... Most
+of the ladies present expressed the desire to have a small and select
+club of women in Rome. Maud volunteered to make the first effort, with
+Mme. DesGrange and Jessie Cochrane to help her."
+
+"_December 12._ Bessie Crawford brought her children to see me. Very
+fine little creatures, the eldest boy[122] handsome, dark like his
+mother, the others blond and a good deal like Marion in his early life."
+
+  [122] Harold Crawford, who was killed in the present war (1915),
+  fighting for the Allies.
+
+"_December 14._ In the afternoon drove with Jack to visit Villegas.
+Found a splendid house with absolutely no fire--the cold of the studio
+was tomb-like. A fire was lighted in a stove and cakes were served, with
+some excellent Amontillado wine, which I think saved my life."
+
+"_December 18._ When I lay down to take my nap before dinner, I had a
+sudden thought-vision of the glory of God in the face of Jesus Christ. I
+seemed to see how the human could in a way reflect the glory of the
+divine, giving not a mechanical, but an affectional and spiritual
+re-showing of the great unfathomable glory. I need not say that I had no
+sleep--I wish the glimpse then given me might remain in my mind."
+
+"_December 21._ Feeling much better in health, I determined to take up
+my 'Reminiscences' again. Mme. Rose passed the evening with me. She told
+me that Pio Nono had endorsed the Rosminian philosophy, which had had
+quite a following in the Church, Cardinal Hohenlohe having been very
+prominent in this. When Leo XIII was elected, the Jesuits came to him
+and promised that he should have a Jubilee if he would take part against
+the Rosminian ideas, and put the books on the Index Expurgatorius, the
+which he promptly did. Hohenlohe is supposed to have been the real hero
+of the poisoning described in Zola's 'Rome'--his servant died after
+having eaten of something which had been sent from the Vatican."
+
+"_December 25._ Blessed Christmas Day! Maud and I went to St. Peter's to
+get, as she said, a whiff of the mass. We did not profit much by this,
+but met Edward Jackson, of Boston, and Monsignor Stanley, whom I had not
+seen in many years. We had a pleasant foregathering with him.
+
+"In St. Peter's my mind became impressed with the immense intellectual
+force pledged to the upbuilding and upholding of the Church of Rome. As
+this thought almost overpowered me, I remembered our dear Christ
+visiting the superb temple at Jerusalem and foretelling its destruction
+and the indestructibility of his own doctrine."
+
+On fair days she took her walk on the terrace, feasting her eyes on the
+splendid view. In the distance the Alban and the Sabine Hills, Mount
+Soracte and the Leonessa; close at hand the Tiber, Rome's towers and
+domes, St. Peter's with the colonnade, the Piazza, and the sparkling
+fountains. She delighted in the flowers of the terrace, which she called
+her "hanging garden"; she had her own little watering-pot, and
+faithfully tended the white rose which she claimed as her special
+charge. From the terrace she looked across to the windows of the Pope's
+private apartment. Opposed as she was to the Pontiff's policy, she still
+felt a sympathy with the old man, whose splendid prison she often passed
+on her way to St. Peter's, where in bad weather she always took her
+walk.
+
+"_December 31._ I am sorry to take leave of this year, which has given
+me many good things, some blessings in disguise, as my lameness proved,
+compelling me to pass many quiet days, good for study and for my
+'Reminiscences,' which I only began in earnest after Wesselhoeft
+condemned me to remain on one floor for a month."
+
+"_January 3, 1898._ I feel that my 'Reminiscences' will be disappointing
+to the world in general, if it ever troubles itself to read them,--I
+feel quite sure that it has neglected some good writing of mine, in
+verse and in prose. I cannot help anticipating for this book the same
+neglect, and this discourages me somewhat.
+
+"In the afternoon drove to Monte Janiculo and saw the wonderful view of
+Rome, and the equestrian statue of Garibaldi crowning the height. We
+also drove through the Villa Pamfili Doria, which is very beautiful."
+
+"_January 6._ To visit Countess Catucci at Villino Catucci. She was a
+Miss Mary Stearns, of Springfield, Massachusetts. Her husband has been
+an officer of the King's bersaglieri. Before the unification of Italy,
+he was sent to Perugia to reclaim deserters from among the recruits for
+the Italian army. Cardinal Pecci was then living near Perugia. Count
+Catucci called to assure him with great politeness that he would take
+his word and not search his premises. The Cardinal treated him with
+equal politeness, but declined to continue the acquaintance after his
+removal to Rome, when he became Pope in 1878."
+
+"_January 12._ The first meeting of our little circle--at Miss Leigh
+Smith's, 17 Trinita dei Monti. I presided and introduced Richard Norton,
+who gave an interesting account of the American School of Archaeology at
+Athens, and of the excavations at Athens.... Anderson to dine. He took a
+paper outline of my profile, wishing to model a bust of me."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The Winthrop Chanlers were passing the winter in Rome; this added much
+to her pleasure. The depression gradually disappeared, and she found
+herself once more at home there. She met many people who interested her:
+Hall Caine, Bjoernstjerne Bjoernson, many artists too. Don Jose Villegas,
+the great Spanish painter (now Director of the Prado Museum at Madrid),
+who was living in his famous Moorish villa on the Monte Parioli, made a
+brilliant, realistic portrait of her, and Hendrik Anderson, the
+Norwegian-American sculptor, modelled an interesting terra-cotta bust.
+While the sittings for these portraits were going on, her niece said to
+her:--
+
+"My aunt, I can expect almost anything of you, but I had hardly expected
+a _succes de beaute_."
+
+Among the diplomats who play so prominent a part in Roman society, the
+Jonkheer John Loudon, Secretary of the Netherlands Legation, was one of
+her favorite visitors; there are frequent mentions of his singing, which
+she took pleasure in accompanying.
+
+"_January 15._ We had a pleasant drive to Villa Madama where we bought
+fresh eggs from a peasant. Cola cut much greenery for us with which Maud
+had our rooms decorated. Attended Mrs. Heywood's reception, where met
+some pleasant people--the Scudder party; an English Catholic named
+Christmas, who visits the poor, and reports the misery among them as
+very great; a young priest from Boston, Monsignor O'Connell;[123] a Mr.
+and Mrs. Mulhorn, Irish,--he strong on statistics, she a writer on
+Celtic antiquities,--has published a paper on the Celtic origin of the
+'Divina Commedia,' and has written one on the discovery of America by
+Irish Danes, five hundred years before Columbus."
+
+  [123] Now Cardinal O'Connell.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Mr. and Mrs. J. C. Heywood lived a few doors from the Rusticucci in the
+Palazzo Giraud Torlonia, one of the finest Roman palaces. Mr. Heywood
+held an office in the Papal Court, and had a papal title which he was
+wise enough not to use in general society. He was an American, a Harvard
+graduate of the class of 1855. His chief occupation, outside of his
+duties at the Vatican, was the collection of a fine library. His house
+was a rendezvous of Black[124] society. He lived in much state and
+entertained with brilliant formality. Among the great social events of
+that winter was his reception given for Cardinal Satolli, who arrived
+dressed in splendid vestments, escorted by his suite. The hostess
+courtesied to the ground and kissed the ring on his finger. All the
+other Catholic ladies followed suit. Sitting very straight in her chair,
+our mother bided her time; finally the Cardinal was brought to her. He
+was a genial, courteous man and very soon they were deep in friendly
+talk. Though she disliked the Roman hierarchy as an institution, she
+counted many friends among the priests of Rome.
+
+  [124] _I.e._, Clerical.
+
+"_January 18._ To St. Peter's. The Festival of St. Peter's Chair.
+Vespers in the usual side chapel. Music on the whole good, some sopranos
+rather ragged, but parts beautifully sung. Was impressed as usual by the
+heterogeneous attendance--tourists with campstools and without,
+ecclesiastics of various grades, students, friars; one splendid
+working-man in his corduroys stood like a statue, in an attitude of
+fixed attention. Lowly fathers and mothers carrying small children. One
+lady, seated high at the base of a column, put her feet on the seat of
+my stool behind me. Saw the gorgeous ring on the finger of the statue of
+St. Peter."
+
+"_January 19._ Have composed a letter to Professor Lanciani, asking for
+a talk on the afternoon of February 9, proposing 'Houses and
+Housekeeping in Ancient Rome,' and 'The Sibyls of Italy.' Mr. Baddeley
+came in, and we had an interesting talk, mostly about the ancient
+Caesars, Mrs. Hollins asking, 'Why did the Romans put up with the bad
+Caesars?' He thought the increase of wealth under Augustus was the
+beginning of a great deterioration of the people and the officials."
+
+"_January 21._ Went in the afternoon to call upon Baroness Giacchetti.
+Had a pleasant talk with her husband, an enlightened man. He recognizes
+the present status of Rome as greatly superior to the ancient order of
+things--but laments the ignorance and superstition of the common people
+in general, and the peasantry in particular. A sick woman, restored to
+health by much trouble taken at his instance, instead of thanking him
+for his benefactions, told him that she intended to make a pilgrimage to
+the shrine of a certain Madonna, feeling sure that it was to her that
+she owed her cure."
+
+"_January 26._ The day of my reading before the Club, at Jessie
+Cochrane's rooms. I read my lecture over very carefully in the forenoon
+and got into the spirit of it. The gathering was a large one, very
+attentive, and mostly very appreciative. The paper was 'Woman in the
+Greek Drama.'"
+
+"_January 31._ Have made a special prayer that my mind may be less
+occupied with my own shortcomings, and more with all that keeps our best
+hope alive. Felt little able to write, but produced a good page on the
+principle '_nulla dies sine linea_.'"
+
+"_February 4._ Hard sledding for words to-day--made out something about
+Theodore Parker."
+
+"_February 7._ Wrote some pages of introduction for the
+Symposium--played a rubber of whist with L. Terry; then to afternoon tea
+with Mrs. Thorndike, where I met the first Monsignor [Dennis] O'Connell,
+with whom I had a long talk on the woman question, in which he seems
+much interested. He tells me of a friend, Zahm by name, now gone to a
+place in Indiana, who has biographies of the historical women of
+Bologna."
+
+"_February 9._ Club at Mrs. Broadwood's. I read my 'Plea for Humor,'
+which seemed to please the audience very much, especially Princess
+Talleyrand and Princess Poggia-Suasa."
+
+"_February 11._ Read over my paper on 'Optimism and Pessimism' and have
+got into the spirit of it. Maud's friends came at 3 P.M., among them
+Christian Ross, the painter, with Bjoernstjerne Bjoernson."
+
+"_February 16._ To Mrs. Hurlburt's reception.--Talked with Countess
+Blank, an American married to a Pole. She had much to say of the piety
+of her Arab servant, who, she says, swallows fire, cuts himself with
+sharp things, etc., as acts of devotion!! Met Mr. Trench, son of the
+late Archbishop, Rev. Chevenix Trench. He has been Tennyson's publisher.
+Did not like T. personally--said he was often rude--read his own poems
+aloud constantly and very badly; said, 'No man is a hero to his
+publisher.' Told about his sale of Henry George's book, a cheap edition,
+one hundred and fifty thousand copies sold in England."
+
+"_February 18._ Have done a good morning's work and read in the
+'Nineteenth Century' an article on Nelson, and one on the new astronomy.
+St. Thomas Aquinas's advice regarding the election of an abbot from
+three candidates:--
+
+"'What manner of man is the first?'
+
+"'_Doctissimus._'
+
+"'_Doceat_,' says St. Thomas. 'And the second?'
+
+"'_Sanctissimus._'
+
+"'_Oret!_ and the third?'
+
+"'_Prudentissimus!_'
+
+"'_Regat!_ Let him rule!' says the Saint."
+
+"_February 20._ To Methodist Church of Rev. Mr. Burt. A sensible short
+discourse--seems a very sincere man: has an earlier service for
+Italians, well attended. On my way home, stopped at Gargiulo's and
+bought a ragged but very good copy of the 'Divina Commedia,' unbound,
+with Dore's illustrations."
+
+"_February 26._ To tea at Mrs. Hazeltine's where met William Allen
+Butler, author of 'Nothing to Wear'--a bright-eyed, conversable man.
+Have a sitting to Anderson. When I returned from Mrs. Hazeltine's I
+found Hall Caine.... He told much about Gabriel Rossetti, with whom he
+had much to do. Rossetti was a victim of chloral, and Caine was set to
+keep him from it, except in discreet doses."
+
+"_March 4._ Went to see the King and Queen, returning from the review of
+troops. They were coldly received. She wore crimson velvet--he was on
+horseback and in uniform...."
+
+"_March 9._ Club at Jessie Cochrane's; young Loyson, son of Pere
+Hyacinthe, gave an interesting lecture on the religion of Ancient Rome,
+which he traced back to its rude Latin beginning; the Sabines, he
+thought, introduced into it one element of spirituality. Its mythology
+was borrowed from Greece and from the Etruscans--later from Egypt and
+the East. The Primitive Aryan religion was the worship of ancestors.
+This also we see in Rome. A belief in immortality appears in the true
+Aryan faith. Man, finding himself human, and related to the divine, felt
+that he could not die."
+
+"_March 15_.... Mme. Helbig gave us an account of the Russian pilgrimage
+which came here lately. Many of the pilgrims were peasants. They
+travelled from Russia on foot, wearing bark shoes, which are very
+yielding and soft. These Russian ladies deprecated the action of Peter
+the Great in building St. Petersburg, and in forcing European
+civilization upon his nation, when still unprepared for it."
+
+"_March 18_.... Drove with Maud, to get white thorn from Villa Madama.
+Went afterwards to Mrs. Waldo Story's reception, where met Mrs.
+McTavish, youngest daughter of General Winfield Scott. I was at school
+with one of her older sisters, Virginia, who became a nun."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+As the winter wore away and the early Roman spring broke, the last
+vestige of the discomfort of the first weeks vanished. The daily drives
+to the country in search of wild flowers were an endless delight, as
+well as the trips to the older quarters of the city. She found that,
+while during the first weeks she had lost the habit of looking keenly
+about at the sights, the old joy soon came back to her, and now she was
+quick to see every picturesque figure in the crowd, every classic
+fragment in the architecture. "The power of seeing beautiful things,
+like all other powers, must be exercised to be preserved," she once
+said.
+
+"_March 19._ I have not dared to work to-day, as I am to read this
+afternoon. The reading was well attended and was more than well
+received. Hall Caine came afterwards, and talked long about the Bible.
+He does not appear to be familiar with the most recent criticism of
+either Old or New Testament."
+
+"_March 24._ 'There is a third silent party to all our bargains.'
+[Emerson.]
+
+"I find this passage in his essay on 'Compensation' to-day for the first
+time, having written my essay on 'Moral Triangulation of the Third
+Party' some thirty years ago."
+
+"_March 26._ Dined with Mrs. McCreary--the Duke of San Martino took me
+in to dinner--Monsignor Dennis O'Connell sat on the other side of me. I
+had an interesting talk with him. Mrs. McCreary sang my 'Battle Hymn.'
+They begged me to recite 'The Flag,' which I did. Mrs. Pearse, daughter
+of Mario and Grisi, sang delightfully."
+
+"_March 30._ A fine luncheon party given by Mrs. Iddings, wife of the
+American Secretary of Embassy at the Grand Hotel. Mme. Ristori was
+there; I had some glimpses of reminiscence with her. I met her with 'La
+terribil' Medea,' which I so well remember hearing from her. I
+presently quoted her toast in 'La Locandiera,' of which she repeated the
+last two lines. Maud had arranged to have Mrs. Hurlburt help me home.
+Contessa Spinola also offered, but I got off alone, came home in time to
+hear most of Professor Pansotti's lecture on the Gregorian music, which,
+though technical, was interesting."
+
+"_March 31._ I woke up at one, after vividly dreaming of my father and
+Dr. Francis. My father came in, and said to me that he wished to speak
+to Miss Julia alone. I trembled, as I so often did, lest I was about to
+receive some well-merited rebuke. He said that he wished my sister and
+me to stay at home more. I saw the two faces very clearly. My father's I
+had not seen for fifty-nine years."
+
+"_April 6._ Went in the afternoon with Mrs. Stillman to the Campo dei
+Fiori, where bought two pieces of lace for twenty _lire_ each, and a
+little cap-pin for five _lire_. Saw a small ruby and diamond ring which
+I very much fancied."
+
+"_April 10._ Easter Sunday, passed quietly at home. Had an early walk on
+the terrace.... A good talk with Hamilton Aide, who told me of the
+Spartali family. In the afternoon to Lady Kenmare's reception and later
+to dine with the Lindall Winthrops."
+
+"_April 11._ In the afternoon Harriet Monroe, of Chicago, came and read
+her play--a parlor drama, ingenious and well written. The audience were
+much pleased with it."
+
+"_April 13_.... In the evening dined with Theodore Davis and Mrs.
+Andrews. Davis showed us his treasures gathered on the Nile shore and
+gave me a scarab."
+
+"_April 18._... Went to hear Canon Farrar on the 'Inferno' of Dante--the
+lecture very scholarly and good."
+
+"_April 22._ With Anderson to the Vatican, to see the Pinturicchio
+frescoes, which are very interesting. He designed the tiling for the
+floors, which is beautiful in color, matching well with the
+frescoes--these represent scenes in the life of the Virgin and of St.
+Catherine...."
+
+"_April 24._ To Miss Leigh Smith's, where I read my sermon on the 'Still
+Small Voice' to a small company of friends, explaining that it was
+written in the first instance for the Concord Prison, and that I read it
+there to the convicts. I prefaced the sermon by reading one of the
+parables in my 'Later Lyrics,' 'Once, where men of high pretension,'
+etc...."
+
+This was one of several occasions when she read a sermon at the house of
+Miss Leigh Smith, a stanch Unitarian, who lived at the Trinita de' Monti
+in the house near the top of the Spanish Steps, held by generations of
+English and American residents the most advantageous dwelling in Rome.
+On Sunday mornings, when the bells of Rome thrilled the air with the
+call to prayer, a group of exiles from many lands gathered in the
+pleasant English-looking drawing-room. From the windows they could look
+down upon the flower-decked Piazza di Spagna, hear the song of the
+nightingales in the Villa Medici, breathe the perfume of violets and
+almond blossoms from the Pincio. This morning, or another, Paul
+Sabatier was among the listeners, a grave, gracious man, a Savoyard
+pastor, whose "Life of Saint Francis of Assisi" had set all Rome
+talking.
+
+"_April 25._ To lunch with the Drapers. Had some good talk with Mr. D.
+[the American Ambassador]. He was brought up at Hopedale in the
+Community, of which his father was a member, his mother not altogether
+acquiescing. He went into our Civil War when only twenty years of age,
+having the day before married a wife. He was badly wounded in the battle
+of the Wilderness. Mosby [guerilla] met the wounded train, and stripped
+them of money and watches, taking also the horses of their conveyances.
+A young Irish lad of fourteen saved Draper's life by running to Bull
+Plain for aid."
+
+"_April 26._ Lunch at Daisy Chanler's, to meet Mrs. Sanford, of
+Hamilton, Canada, who is here in the interests of the International
+Council of Women. She seems a nice, whole-souled woman.... I have
+promised to preside at a meeting, called at Daisy's rooms for Thursday,
+to carry forward such measures as we can and to introduce Mrs. Sanford
+and interpret for her."
+
+"_April 27._ Devoted the forenoon to a composition in French, setting
+forth the objects of the meeting...."
+
+"_April 28._ Went carefully over my French address. In the afternoon
+attended the meeting at Daisy's where I presided."
+
+This was the first time the Italian women had taken part in the
+International Council.
+
+"_April 30._ To Contessa di Taverna at Palazzo Gabrielli, where I met
+the little knot of newly elected officers of the Council of Italian
+Women that is to be. Read them my report of our first meeting--they
+chattered a great deal. Mrs. Sanford was present. She seemed grateful
+for the help I had tried to give to her plan of a National Council of
+Italian Women. I induced the ladies present to subscribe a few _lire_
+each, for the purchase of a book for the secretary, for postage and for
+the printing of their small circular. Hope to help them more further
+on...."
+
+"_May 1._... I gave my 'Rest' sermon at Miss Leigh Smith's....
+Afterwards to lunch with the dear Stillman Muse. Lady Airlie and the
+Thynne sisters were there. Had a pleasant talk with Lady Beatrice....
+Wrote a letter to be read at the Suffrage Festival in Boston on May
+17...."
+
+Lady Beatrice and Lady Katherine Thynne; the latter was married later to
+Lord Cromer, Viceroy of Egypt. The Ladies Thynne were passing the winter
+with their cousin, the Countess of Kenmare, at her pleasant apartment in
+the Via Gregoriana. Among the guests one met at Lady Kenmare's was a
+dark, handsome Monsignore who spoke English like an Oxford Don, and
+looked like a Torquemada. Later he became Papal Secretary of State and
+Cardinal Merry del Val.
+
+"_May 2._ Have worked as usual. A pleasant late drive. Dined with
+Eleutherio,[125] Daisy Chanler, and Dr. Bull; whist afterwards; news of
+an engagement and victory for us off Manila."
+
+  [125] Her brother-in-law, Luther Terry.
+
+"_May 4_.... We dined with Marchese and Marchesa de Viti de Marco at
+Palazzo Orsini. Their rooms are very fine, one hung with beautiful
+crimson damask. An author, Pascarello, was present, who has written
+comic poems in the Romanesque dialect, the principal one a mock
+narrative of the discovery of America by Columbus. Our host is a very
+intelligent man, much occupied with questions of political economy, of
+which science he is professor at the Collegio Romano. His wife, an
+American, is altogether pleasing. He spoke of the present Spanish War,
+of which foreigners understand but little."
+
+"_May 5._ A visit from Contessa di Taverna to confer with me about the
+new departure [the International Council of Women]. She says that the
+ladies will not promise to pay the stipulated contribution, five hundred
+_lire_ once in five years, to the parent association...."
+
+"_May 8._ An exquisite hour with dear Maud on the terrace--the roses in
+their glory, red, white, and yellow; honeysuckle out, brilliant. We sat
+in a sheltered spot, talked of things present and to come. Robert
+Collyer to lunch. I asked him to say grace, which he did in his lovely
+manner. He enjoyed Maud's terrace with views of St. Peter's and the
+mountains. In the afternoon took a little drive.
+
+"Several visitors called, among them Louisa Broadwood, from whom I
+learned that the little Committee for a Woman's Council is going on. The
+ladies have decided not to join the International at present, but to try
+and form an Italian Council first. Some good results are already
+beginning to appear in the cooeperation of two separate charities in some
+part of their work."
+
+"_May 9._ I must now give all diligence to my preparation for departure.
+Cannot write more on 'Reminiscences' until I reach home. Maud made a
+dead set against my going to Countess Resse's where a number of ladies
+had been invited to meet me. I most unwillingly gave up this one
+opportunity of helping the Woman's Cause; I mean this one remaining
+occasion, as I have already spoken twice to women and have given two
+sermons and read lectures five times. It is true that there might have
+been some exposure in going to Mme. R.'s, especially in coming out after
+speaking."
+
+A few years after this, the Association which she did so much to found,
+held the first Woman's Congress ever given in Italy, at the Palace of
+Justice in Rome. It was an important and admirably conducted convention.
+The work for the uplift of the sex is going on steadily and well in
+Italy to-day.
+
+"_May 12._ Sat to Villegas all forenoon. Had a little time on the
+terrace. Thought I would christen it the 'Praise God.' The flowers seem
+to me to hold their silent high mass, swinging their own censers of
+sweet incense. Went to Jack's studio and saw his splendid work.[126] In
+the afternoon went with my brother-in-law to the cemetery to visit dear
+Louisa's grave. Jack had cut for me many fine roses from the terrace.
+We dropped many on this dear resting-place of one much and justly
+beloved.... Dear old Majesty of Rome, this is my last writing here. I
+thank God most earnestly for so much."
+
+  [126] Elliott was at work upon his Triumph of Time, a ceiling decoration
+  for the Boston Public Library.
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XI
+
+EIGHTY YEARS
+
+1899-1900; _aet._ 80-81
+
+
+HUMANITY
+
+  Methought a moment that I stood
+  Where hung the Christ upon the Cross,
+  Just when mankind had writ in blood
+  The record of its dearest loss.
+
+  The bitter drink men offered him
+  His kingly gesture did decline,
+  And my heart sought, in musing dim,
+  Some cordial for those lips divine.
+
+  When lo! a cup of purest gold
+  My trembling fingers did uphold;
+  Within it glowed a wine as red
+  As hearts, not grapes, its drops had shed.
+  Drink deep, my Christ, I offer thee
+  The ransom of Humanity.
+
+                                            J. W. H.
+
+     Though Jesus, alas! is as little understood in doctrine as followed
+     in example. For he has hitherto been like a beautiful figure set to
+     point out a certain way, and people at large have been so entranced
+     with worshipping the figure, that they have neglected to follow the
+     direction it indicates.
+
+                                            J. W. H.
+
+
+The winter of 1898-99 saw the publication of "From Sunset Ridge; Poems
+Old and New." This volume contained many of the poems from "Later
+Lyrics" (long out of print), and also much of her later work. It met
+with a warm recognition which gave her much pleasure.
+
+Late in 1899 appeared the "Reminiscences," on which she had been so long
+at work. These were even more warmly received, though many people
+thought them too short. Colonel Higginson said the work might have been
+"spread out into three or four interesting octavos; but in her hurried
+grasp it is squeezed into one volume, where groups of delightful
+interviews with heroes at home and abroad are crowded into some single
+sentence."
+
+The book was written mostly from memory, with little use of the
+Journals, and none of the family letters and papers, which she had
+carefully preserved through many years; she needed none of these things.
+Her past was always alive, and she went hand in hand with its dear and
+gracious figures.
+
+But we have outstripped the Journals and must go back to the beginning
+of 1899.
+
+"[_Boston._] _January 1, 1899._ I begin this year with an anxious mind.
+I am fighting the Wolf, hand to hand. I am also confused between the
+work already done on my 'Reminiscences,' and that still wanting to give
+them some completeness. May the All-Father help me!"
+
+"_January 9._ Dined with the Massachusetts Press Club Association. I
+made a little speech partly thought out beforehand. The best bit in
+it--'Why should we fear to pass from the Old Testament of our own
+liberties, to the New Testament of liberty for all the world?'--came to
+me on the spur of the moment...."
+
+"_January 16._ ... Dickens Party at the New England Woman's Club. I
+despaired of being able to go, but did manage to get up a costume and
+take part. Many very comical travesties, those of Pickwick and Captain
+Cuttle remarkably good; also Lucia M. Peabody as Martin Chuzzlewit, and
+Mrs. Godding in full male dress suit. I played a Virginia reel and
+finally danced myself."
+
+The part she herself took on this occasion was that of Mrs. Jellyby, a
+character she professed to resemble. At another club party she
+impersonated Mrs. Jarley, with a fine collection of celebrities, which
+she exhibited proudly. She always put on her best motley for her "dear
+Club"; and in those days its fooling was no less notable than its
+wisdom. Among other things, she instituted the Poetical Picnics, picnic
+suppers to which every member must bring an original poem: some of her
+best nonsense was recited at these suppers.
+
+It has been said that she had the gift of the word in season. This was
+often shown at the Club; especially when, as sometimes happened, a
+question of the hour threatened to become "burning." It is remembered
+how one day a zealous sister thundered so loud against corporal
+punishment that some mothers and grandames were roused to equally ardent
+rejoinder. The President was appealed to.
+
+"_Dear_ Mrs. Howe, I am sure that _you_ never laid a hand on _your_
+children!"
+
+"Oh, yes," said dear Mrs. Howe. "I cuffed 'em a bit when I thought they
+needed it!"
+
+Even "militancy" could be touched lightly by her. Talk was running high
+on the subject one day; eyes began to flash ominously, voices took on "a
+wire edge," as she expressed it. Again the appeal was made.
+
+"Can you imagine, Mrs. Howe, under _any_ circumstances--"
+
+The twinkle came into the gray eyes. "Well!" she said. "I am pretty old,
+but I _think_ I could manage a broomstick!"
+
+The tension broke in laughter, and the sisters were sisters once more.
+
+"_January 23._ Worked as usual. Attended the meeting in favor of the
+Abolition of the Death Penalty, which was interesting.... I spoke on the
+ground of hope."
+
+"_February 7._ ... I hope to take life more easily now than for some
+time past, and to have rest from the slavery of pen and ink."
+
+"_February 28._ ... Was interviewed by a Miss X, who has persevered in
+trying to see me, and at last brought a note from ----. She is part
+editor of a magazine named 'Success,' and, having effected an entrance,
+proceeded to interview me, taking down my words for her magazine, thus
+getting my ideas without payment, a very mean proceeding...."
+
+"_March 21._ Tuskegee benefit, Hollis Street Theatre.
+
+"This meeting scored a triumph, not only for the performers, but for the
+race. Bishop Lawrence presided with much good grace and appreciation.
+Paul Dunbar was the least distinct. Professor Dubois, of Atlanta
+University, read a fine and finished discourse. Booker Washington was
+eloquent as usual, and the Hampton quartet was delightful. At the tea
+which followed at Mrs. Whitman's studio, I spoke with these men and
+with Dunbar's wife, a nearly white woman of refined appearance. I asked
+Dubois about the negro vote in the South. He thought it better to have
+it legally taken away than legally nullified."
+
+"_April 17._ Kindergarten for the Blind.... I hoped for a good word to
+say, but could only think of Shakespeare's 'The evil that men do lives
+after them; the good is oft interred with their bones,' intending to say
+that this does not commend itself to me as true. Mr. Eels spoke before
+me and gave me an occasion to use this with more point than I had hoped.
+He made a rather flowery discourse, and eulogized Annie Sullivan and
+Helen Keller as a new experience in human society. In order to show how
+the good that men do survives them, I referred to Dr. Howe's first
+efforts for the blind and to his teaching of Laura Bridgman, upon whom I
+dwelt somewhat...."
+
+"_April 23._... Had a sort of dream-vision of the dear Christ going
+through Beacon Street in shadow, and then in his glory. It was only a
+flash of a moment's thought...."
+
+"_April 25._ To Alliance, the last meeting of the season. Mrs. ----
+spoke, laying the greatest emphasis on women acting so as to _express
+themselves in freedom_. This ideal of self-expression appears to me
+insufficient and dangerous, if taken by itself. I mentioned its
+insufficiency, while recognizing its importance. I compared feminine
+action under the old limitations to the touching of an electric eel,
+which immediately gives one a paralyzing shock. I spoke also of the new
+woman world as at present constituted, as like the rising up from the
+sea of a new continent. In my own youth women were isolated from each
+other by the very intensity of their personal consciousness. I thought
+of myself and of other women in this way. We thought that superior women
+ought to have been born men. A blessed change is that which we have
+witnessed."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+As her eightieth birthday drew nigh, her friends vied with one another
+in loving observance of the time. The festivities began May 17 with a
+meeting of the New England Women's Press Association, where she gave a
+lecture on "Patriotism in Literature" and received "eighty beautiful
+pink roses for my eighty years."
+
+Next came the "annual meeting and lunch of the New England Woman's Club.
+This took the character of a pre-celebration of my eightieth birthday,
+and was highly honorific. I can only say that I do not think of myself
+as the speakers seemed to think of me. Too deeply do I regret my seasons
+of rebellion, and my shortcomings in many duties. Yet am I thankful for
+so much good-will. I only deserve it because I return it."
+
+Between this and the day itself came a memorial meeting in honor of the
+ninety-sixth anniversary of Emerson's birth. Here she spoke "mostly of
+the ladies of his family"--Emerson's mother and his wife. Said also,
+"Emerson was as great in what he did not say as in what he said.
+Second-class talent tells the whole story, reasons everything out;
+great genius suggests even more than it says."
+
+She was already what she used to call "Boston's old spoiled child!" All
+through the birthday flowers, letters, and telegrams poured into the
+house. From among the tokens of love and reverence may be chosen the
+quatrain sent by Richard Watson Gilder:--
+
+  "How few have rounded out so full a life!
+      Priestess of righteous war and holy peace,
+  Poet and sage, friend, sister, mother, wife,
+      Long be it ere that noble heart shall cease!"
+
+The "Woman's Journal" issued a special Birthday number. It was a lovely
+and heart-warming anniversary, the pleasure of which long remained with
+her.
+
+Among the guests was the beloved physician of many years, William P.
+Wesselhoeft. Looking round on the thronged and flower-decked rooms, he
+said, "This is all very fine, Mrs. Howe; but on your ninetieth birthday
+I shall come, and _nobody else_!" Alas! before that day the lion voice
+was silent, the cordial presence gone.
+
+Three days later came an occasion which stirred patriotic Boston to its
+depths. The veterans of the Grand Army of the Republic had invited
+Major-General Joseph Wheeler to deliver the Memorial Day oration in
+Boston Theatre. Our mother was the second guest of honor. She has
+nothing to say of this occasion beyond the fact that she "had a great
+time in the morning," and that in the open carriage with her sat
+"General Wheeler's two daughters--_very_ pleasing girls"; but pasted in
+the Journal is the following clipping from the "Philadelphia Press":--
+
+
+BOSTON WARMED UP
+
+The Major has just returned from Boston, where he was present at the
+Memorial Day services held in Boston Theatre.
+
+It was the real thing. I never imagined possible such a genuine sweeping
+emotion as when that audience began to sing the "Battle Hymn." If Boston
+was cold, it was thawed by the demonstration on Tuesday. Myron W.
+Whitney started to sing. He bowed to a box, in which we first recognized
+Mrs. Howe, sitting with the Misses Wheeler. You should have heard the
+yell. We could see the splendid white head trembling; then her voice
+joined in, as Whitney sang, "In the beauty of the lilies," and by the
+time he had reached the words,--
+
+  "As He died to make men holy, let us die to make men free,"--
+
+the whole vast audience was on its feet, sobbing and singing at the top
+of its thousands of lungs. If volunteers were really needed for the
+Philippines, McKinley could have had us all right there.
+
+
+The same evening she went "to Unitarian meeting in Tremont Temple, where
+read my screed about Governor Andrew, which has cost me some work and
+more anxiety. Rev. S. A. Eliot, whom I saw for the first time, was
+charmingly handsome and friendly. I was introduced as 'Saint Julia' and
+the whole audience rose when I came forward to read. Item: I had dropped
+my bag with my manuscript in the carriage, but Charles Fox telephoned to
+the stable and got it for me."
+
+The spring of this year saw an epidemic of negro-lynching, which roused
+deep indignation throughout the country. On May 20 the Journal records
+"a wonderful meeting at Chickering Hall, called by the colored women of
+Boston, to protest against the lynching of negroes in the South. Mrs.
+Butler M. Wilson presided, an octoroon and a woman of education. Her
+opening address was excellent in spirit and in execution. A daughter of
+Mrs. Ruffin also wrote an excellent address: Mrs. Cheney's was very
+earnest and impressive. Alice Freeman Palmer spoke as I have never
+before heard her. My rather brief speech was much applauded, as were
+indeed all of the others. Mrs. Richard Hallowell was on the platform and
+introduced Mrs. Wilson."
+
+This brief speech brought upon her a shower of letters, mostly
+anonymous, from persons who saw only the anti-negro side of this matter,
+so dreadful in every aspect. These letters were often denunciatory,
+sometimes furious in tone, especially one addressed to
+
+                       _Mrs. Howe, Negro Sympathizer,
+
+                                                        Boston._
+
+This grieved her, but she did not cease to lift up her voice against the
+evil thing whenever occasion offered.
+
+"_July 7._ _Oak Glen._ ... My son and his wife came over from Bristol to
+pass the day. He looks as young as my grandsons do. At fifty, his hair
+is blond, without gray, and his forehead unwrinkled."
+
+"_July 16._ ... While in church I had a new thought of the energy and
+influence of Christ's teaching. 'Ask and ye shall receive,' etc. These
+little series of commands all incite the hearers to action: Ask, seek,
+knock. I should love to write a sermon on this, but fear my sermonizing
+days are over, alas!"
+
+"_August 7._ Determined to do more literary work daily than I have been
+doing lately. Began a screed about dear Bro' Sam, feeling that he
+deserved a fuller mention than I have already given him...."
+
+"_September 4._ Discouraged over the confusion of my papers, the failure
+of printers to get on with my book, and my many bills. Have almost had
+an attack of the moral sickness which the Italians call _Achidia_. I
+suppose it to mean indifference and indolence...."
+
+
+                              _To Laura_
+
+                                    OAK GLEN, September 6, 1899.
+
+... Here's a question. Houghton and Mifflin desire to print[127] the
+rough draft of my "Battle Hymn," which they borrowed, with some
+difficulty, from Charlotte Whipple, who begged it of me, years ago. I
+hesitate to allow it, because it contains a verse which I discarded, as
+not up to the rest of the poem. It will undoubtedly be an additional
+attraction for the volume....
+
+  [127] In the _Reminiscences_.
+
+
+"_September 7._ Have attacked my proofs fiercely...."
+
+
+                           _To Laura_
+
+                                   OAK GLEN, September 16, 1899.
+
+Yours received, _tres chere_. Why not consult Hays Gardiner[128] about
+printing the original draft of the "Hymn"? Win's[129] opinion would be
+worth having, also. I think I shall consult E. E. Hale, albeit the two
+just named would be more fastidious.[130]
+
+  [128] The late John Hays Gardiner, author of _The Bible as Literature_,
+  _The Forms of Prose Literature_, and _Harvard_.
+
+  [129] Edwin Arlington Robinson, author of _Captain Craig_, etc.
+
+  [130] The facsimile printed in the _Reminiscences_ contains the
+  discarded stanza.
+
+
+"_October 21._ My last moments in this dear place. The past season
+appears to me like a gift of perfect jewels. I pray that the winter may
+have in store for me some good work and much dear and profitable
+companionship. I must remember that this may be my last summer here, or
+anywhere on earth, but must bear in mind that it is best to act with a
+view to prolonged life, since without this outlook, it is very hard for
+us to endeavor or to do our best. Peace be with you, beautiful summer
+and autumn. Amen."
+
+She was never ready to leave Oak Glen; the town house always seemed at
+first like a prison.
+
+"_October 23_. Boston. A drizzly, dark day. I struggled out twice,
+saying to myself: 'It is for your life.'..."
+
+"_October 24._ Have had two days of chaos and discouragement...."
+
+"_October 27._ A delightful and encouraging conference of A.A.W. held in
+my parlors. The prevailing feeling was that we should not disband, but
+should hold on to our association and lie by, hoping to find new innings
+for work. Florida was spoken of as good ground for us. I felt much
+cheered and quickened by the renewal of old friendships...."
+
+A Western lecture trip had been planned for this autumn, but certain
+untoward symptoms developed and Dr. Wesselhoeft said, "No! no! not even
+if you had not had vertigo." She gave it up most reluctantly, confiding
+only to the Journal the hope that she might be able to go later.
+
+"_November 9._ Celebration of dear Chev's birthday at the Institution. I
+spoke of the New Testament word about the mustard seed, so small but
+producing such a stately tree. I compared this little seed to a
+benevolent impulse in the mind of S. G. H. and the Institution to a
+tree. 'What is smaller than a human heart? What seems weaker than a good
+intention? Yet the good intention, followed by the faithful heart, has
+produced this great refuge in which many generations have already found
+the way to a life of educated usefulness.'..."
+
+"_November 19...._ Before the sermon I had prayed for some good thought
+of God. This came to me in the shape of a sudden perception to this
+effect: 'I am in the Father's house already.'..."
+
+"_November 30...._ In giving thanks to-day, I made my only personal
+petitions, which were first, that some of my dear granddaughters might
+find suitable husbands, ... and lastly, that I might _serve_ in some way
+until the last breath leaves my body...."
+
+"_December 16._ I had greatly desired to see the 'Barber.' Kind Mrs.
+[Alfred] Batcheller made it possible by inviting me to go with her. The
+performance was almost if not quite _bouffe_. Sembrich's singing
+marvellous, the acting of the other characters excellent, and singing
+very good, especially that of De Reszke and Campanari. I heard the
+opera in New York more than seventy years ago, when Malibran, then
+Signorina Garcia, took the part of Rosina."
+
+"_December 31...._ 'Advertiser' man came with a query: 'What event in
+1899 will have the greatest influence in the world's history?' I
+replied, 'The Czar's Peace Manifesto, leading to the Conference at The
+Hague.'"
+
+
+November, 1899, saw the birth of another institution from which she was
+to derive much pleasure, the Boston Authors' Club. Miss Helen M. Winslow
+first evolved the idea of such a club. After talking with Mmes. May
+Alden Ward and Mabel Loomis Todd, who urged her to carry out the
+project, she went to see the "Queen of Clubs." "Go ahead!" said our
+mother. "Call some people together here, at my house, and we will form a
+club, and it will be a good one too."
+
+The Journal of November 23 says:--
+
+"Received word from Helen Winslow of a meeting of literary folks called
+for to-morrow morning at my house."
+
+This meeting was "very pleasant: Mrs. Ward, Miss Winslow, Jacob Strauss,
+and Hezekiah Butterworth attended--later Herbert Ward came in."
+
+It was voted to form the Boston Authors' Club, and at a second meeting
+in December the club was duly organized.
+
+In January the Authors' Club made its first public appearance in a
+meeting and dinner at Hotel Vendome, Mrs. Howe presiding, Colonel
+Higginson (whom she described as her "chief Vice") beside her.
+
+The brilliant and successful course of the Authors' Club need not be
+dwelt on here. Her connection with it was to continue through life, and
+its monthly meetings and annual dinners were among her pet pleasures.
+She was always ready to "drop into rhyme" in its service, the Muse in
+cap and bells being oftenest invoked: _e.g._, the verses written for the
+five hundredth anniversary of Chaucer's death:--
+
+  Poet Chaucer had a sister,
+  He, the wondrous melodister.
+  She didn't write no poems, oh, no!
+  Brother Geoffrey trained her so.
+  Honored by the poet's crown,
+  Her posterity came down.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+  Ages of ancestral birth
+  Went for all that they were worth.
+  Hence derives the Wentworth name
+  Which heraldic ranks may claim.
+  That same herald has contrived
+  How the Higginson arrived.
+
+  He was gran-ther to the knight
+  In whose honor I indite
+  Burning strophes of the soul
+  'propriate to the flowing bowl.
+
+  Oft the worth I have defended
+  Of the Laureate-descended,
+  But while here he sits and winks
+  I can tell you what he thinks.
+
+  "Never, whether old or young,
+  Will that woman hold her tongue!
+  Fifty years in Boston schooled,
+  Still I find her rhyme-befooled.
+
+  Oft in earnest, oft in jest,
+  We have met and tried our best.
+  Nought I dread an open field,
+  I can conquer, I can yield,
+  Self from foes I can defend,
+  But Heav'n preserve us from our friend!"
+
+She and her "chief Vice" were always making merry together; when their
+flint and steel struck, the flash was laughter. It may have been at the
+Authors' Club that the two, with Edward Everett Hale and Dr. Holmes,
+were receiving compliments and tributes one afternoon.
+
+"At least," she cried, "no one can say that Boston drops its _H's_!"
+
+This was in the winter of 1900. It was the time of the Boer War, and all
+Christendom was sorrowing over the conflict. On January 3 the Journal
+says:--
+
+"This morning before rising, I had a sudden thought of the Christ-Babe
+standing between the two armies, Boers and Britons, on Christmas Day. I
+have devoted the morning to an effort to overtake the heavenly vision
+with but a mediocre result."
+
+These lines are published in "At Sunset."
+
+On the 11th the cap and bells are assumed once more.
+
+"... To reception of the College Club, where I was to preside over the
+literary exercises and to introduce the readers. I was rather at a loss
+how to do this, but suddenly I thought of Mother Goose's 'When the pie
+was opened, the birds began to sing.' So when Edward Everett Hale came
+forward with me and introduced me as 'the youngest person in the hall,'
+I said, 'Ladies and Gentlemen, I shall prove the truth of what our
+reverend friend has just said, by citing a quotation from Mother Goose
+['When the pie was opened,' etc.], and the first bird that I shall
+introduce will be Rev. E. E. Hale.' Beginning thus, I introduced T. W.
+Higginson as the great American Eagle; Judge [Robert] Grant as a
+mocking-bird; C. F. Adams as the trained German canary who sings all the
+songs of Yawcob Strauss; C. G. Ames said, 'You mustn't call me an owl.'
+I brought him forward and said, 'My dear minister says that I must not
+call him an owl, and I will not; only the owl is the bird of wisdom and
+he is very wise.' I introduced Mrs. Moulton as a nightingale. For
+Trowbridge I could think of nothing and said, 'This bird will speak for
+himself.' Introduced N. H. Dole as 'a bird rarely seen, the phoenix.'
+At the close E. E. H. said, 'You have an admirable power of
+introducing.' This little device pleased me foolishly."
+
+"_February 4._ Wrote a careful letter to W. F. Savage. He had written,
+asking an explanation of some old manuscript copy of my 'Battle Hymn'
+and of the theft perpetrated of three of its verses in 'Pen Pictures of
+the War,' only lately brought to my notice. He evidently thought these
+matters implied doubt at least of my having composed the 'Hymn.' To this
+suspicion I did not allude, but showed him how the verses stolen had
+been altered, probably to avoid detection...."
+
+"_March 3._ Count di Campello's lecture, on the religious life in
+Italy, was most interesting. His uncle's movement in founding a National
+Italian Catholic Church seemed to me to present the first solution I
+have met with, of the absolute opposition between Catholic and
+Protestant. A Catholicism without spiritual tyranny, without ignorant
+superstition, would bridge over the interval between the two opposites
+and bring about the unification of the world-church...."
+
+"_March 13...._ Passed the whole morning at State House, with
+remonstrants against petition forbidding Sunday evening concerts. T. W.
+H. spoke remarkably well...."
+
+"_March 30...._ Had a special good moment this morning before rising.
+Felt that God had granted me a good deal of heaven, while yet on earth.
+So the veil lifts sometimes, not for long."
+
+
+April found her in Minneapolis and St. Paul, lecturing and being
+"delightfully entertained."
+
+"_May 8. Minneapolis._ Spoke at the University, which I found
+delightfully situated and richly endowed. Was received with great
+distinction. Spoke, I think, on the fact that it takes the whole of life
+to learn the lessons of life. Dwelt a little on the fact that fools are
+not necessarily underwitted. Nay, may be people of genius, the trouble
+being that they do not learn from experience...."
+
+On leaving she exclaims:--
+
+"Farewell, dear St. Paul. I shall never forget you, nor this delightful
+visit, which has renewed (almost) the dreams of youth. In the car a
+kind old grandmother, with two fine little boy grands....
+
+"The dear old grandmother and her boys got out at the Soo. Other ladies
+in the Pullman were _very_ kind to me, especially a lady from St. Paul,
+with her son, who I thought might be a young husband. She laughed much
+at this when I mentioned it to her. Had an argument with her, regarding
+hypnotism, I insisting that it is demoralizing when used by a strong
+will to subdue a weak one."
+
+"_May 25._ [_Boston._] Went in the afternoon to Unitarian meeting at
+Tremont Temple. S. A. Eliot made me come up on the platform. He asked if
+I would give a word of benediction. I did so, thanking God earnestly in
+my heart for granting me this sweet office, which seemed to lift my soul
+above much which has disturbed it of late. Why is He so good to me?
+Surely not to destroy me at last."
+
+"_June 3...._ Before church had a thought of some sweet spirit asking to
+go to hell to preach to the people there. Thought that if he truly
+fulfilled his office, he would not leave even that forlorn
+pastorate...."
+
+"_June 10...._ Could not find the key to my money bag, which distressed
+me much. Promised St. Anthony of Padua that if he would help me, I would
+take pains to find out who he was. Found the key immediately...."
+
+"_June 18...._ The little lump in my right breast hurts me a little
+to-day. Have written Wesselhoeft about it. 4.50 P.M. He has seen it and
+says that it is probably cancerous; forbids me to think of an
+operation; thinks he can stop it with medicine. When he told me that it
+was in all probability a cancer, I felt at first much unsettled in mind.
+I feared that the thought of it would occupy my mind and injure my
+health by inducing sleeplessness and nervous excitement. Indeed, I had
+some sad and rather vacant hours, but dinner and Julia's[131] company
+put my dark thought to flight and I lay down to sleep as tranquilly as
+usual."
+
+  [131] Julia Ward Richards.
+
+[Whatever this trouble was, it evidently brought much suffering, but
+finally disappeared. We learn of it for the first time in this record;
+she never spoke of it to any of her family.]
+
+"_Oak Glen. June 21._ Here I am seated once more at my old table,
+beginning another _villeggiatura_, which may easily be my last. Have
+read a little Greek and a long article in the 'New World.' I pray the
+dear Heavenly Father to help me pass a profitable season here, improving
+it as if it were my last, whether it turns out to be so or not."
+
+[She was not in her usual spirits this summer. She felt the heat and the
+burden of years. The Journal is mostly in a minor key.]
+
+"_July 16._ Took up a poem at which I have been working for some days,
+on the victims in Pekin; a strange theme, but one on which I feel I have
+a word to say. Wrote it all over...."
+
+"_July 19._ Was much worn out with the heat. In afternoon my head gave
+out and would not serve me for anything but to sit still and observe the
+flight of birds and the freaks of yellow butterflies...."
+
+"_July 26._ Have prayed to-day that I may not find life dull. This
+prolongation of my days on earth is so precious that I ought not to
+cease for one moment to thank God for it. I enjoy my reading as much as
+ever, but I do feel very much the narrowing of my personal relations by
+death. How rich was I in sisters, brothers, elders! It seems to me now
+as if I had not at all appreciated these treasures of affection...."
+
+"_July 31._ Have writ notes of condolence to Mrs. Barthold Schlesinger
+and to M. E. Powel. I remember the coming of Mrs. Powel's family to
+Newport sixty-five years ago. The elders used to entertain in the simple
+ways of those days, and my brother Henry and I used to sing one duet
+from the 'Matrimonio Segreto,' at some of their evening parties. In the
+afternoon came the ladies of the Papeterie; had our tea in the green
+parlor, which was pretty and pleasant...."
+
+
+                                 _To Laura_
+
+                                       OAK GLEN, August 3, 1900.
+
+... I grieve for the death of King Umberto, as any one must who has
+followed the fortunes of Italy and knows the indebtedness of the country
+to the House of Savoy. Thus, the horror of this anarchy, thriving among
+Italians in our own country. I am so thankful that the better class
+among them have come out so strongly against it! I was present when King
+Umberto took the oaths of office, after the death of his father. He was
+a faithful man, not quite up to the times, perhaps, but his reign was
+beset with problems and difficulties. I am sure that the Queen greatly
+respected and honored him, although I believe that she was first
+betrothed to his brother Amadeo, whom, it is said, she loved. Alas, for
+the tyranny of dynastic necessity. Their only child was very delicate,
+and has no child, or had not, when I was in Rome. As to the Chinese
+horror, it is unspeakably dreadful. Even if the ministers are safe,
+hundreds of foreigners and thousands of native Christians have been
+cruelly massacred. I cannot help hoping that punishment will be swift
+and severe....
+
+A letter from H. M. H. yesterday, in great spirits. At a great public
+dinner recently, the president of the association cried: "_Honneur a
+Howe!_"
+
+                           Affect.,
+                                                         MOTHER.
+
+
+"_August 17...._ In the evening I was seized with an attack of verse and
+at bedtime wrote a rough draft of a _Te Deum_ for the rescue of the
+ministers in Pekin."
+
+"_August 20...._ Got my poem smooth at some expense of force, perhaps. I
+like the poem. I think that it has been _given_ me."
+
+This _Te Deum_ was printed in the "Christian Herald" in September, 1900.
+
+"_Sunday, September 2...._ I had, before service began, a clear thought
+that _self_ is death, and deliverance from its narrow limitations the
+truest emancipation. In my heart I gave thanks to God for all measure in
+which I have attained, or tried to attain, this liberation. It seems to
+me that the one moment of this which we could perfectly attain, would be
+an immortal joy."
+
+A week later, she went to New York to attend a reception given to the
+Medal of Honor Legion at Brooklyn Academy. She writes:--
+
+"Last evening's occasion was to me eminently worth the trouble I had
+taken in coming on. To meet these veterans, face to face, and to receive
+their hearty greeting, was a precious boon vouchsafed to me so late in
+life. Their reception to me was cordial in the extreme. The audience and
+chorus gave me the Chautauqua salute, and as I left the platform, the
+girl chorus sang the last verse of my 'Hymn' over again, in a subdued
+tone, as if for me alone. The point which I made, and wished to make,
+was that, 'our flag should only go forth on errands of justice, mercy,
+etc., and that once sent forth, it should not be recalled until the work
+whereunto it had been pledged was accomplished.' This with a view to
+Pekin...."
+
+"_September 13...._ The Galveston horror[132] was much in my mind
+yesterday. I could not help asking why the dear Lord allowed such
+dreadful loss of life...."
+
+  [132] A terrible storm and tidal wave which had nearly destroyed the
+  city.
+
+"_October 25._ My last writing at this time in this dear place. The
+season, a very busy one, has also been a very blessed one. I cannot be
+thankful enough for so much calm delight--my children and grandchildren,
+my books and my work, although this last has caused me many anxieties. I
+cannot but feel as old John Forbes did when he left Naushon for the last
+time and went about in his blindness, touching his writing materials,
+etc., and saying to himself, 'Never again, perhaps.' If it should turn
+out so in my case, God's will be done. He knows best when we should
+depart and how long we should stay...."
+
+"On the way home and afterwards, these lines of an old hymn ran in my
+mind:--
+
+  'Fear not, I am with thee, oh, be not afraid.
+  I, I am thy God, and will still give thee aid.'
+
+This comforted me much in the forlorn exchange of my lovely surroundings
+at Oak Glen for the imprisonment of a town house."
+
+"_November 4. 241 Beacon Street._ The dear minister preached on 'All
+Saints and All Souls,' the double festival of last week. At Communion he
+said: 'Dear Sister Howe, remember that if you are moved to speak, you
+have freedom to do so.' I had not thought of speaking, but presently
+rose and spoke of the two consecrated days. I said: 'As I entered this
+church to-day, I thought of a beautiful cathedral in which one after
+another the saints whom I have known and loved, appeared on either side;
+first, the saints of my own happy childhood, then the excellent people
+whom I have known all my life long. The picture of one of them hangs on
+these walls.[133] His memory is fresh in all our hearts. Surely it is a
+divine glory which we have seen in the faces of these friends, and they
+seem to lead us up to that dearest and divinest one, whom we call
+Master'; and so on. I record this to preserve this vision of the
+cathedral of heart saints...."
+
+  [133] James Freeman Clarke.
+
+"_December 25._ I was awake soon after five this morning, and a voice,
+felt, not heard, seemed to give me a friendly warning to set my house in
+order for my last departure from it. This seems to bring in view my
+age, already long past the scriptural limit, suggesting also that I have
+some symptoms of an ailment which does not trouble me much, but which
+would naturally tend to shorten my life. In my mind I promised that I
+would heed the warning given. I only prayed God to make the parting easy
+for me and my dear ones, of whom dear Maud would be the most to be
+pitied, as she has been most with me and has no child to draw her
+thoughts to the future. After this, I fell asleep.
+
+"We had a merry time at breakfast, examining the Christmas gifts, which
+were numerous and gratifying...."
+
+"_December 31...._ Here ends a year of mercies, of more than my usual
+health, of power to speak and to write. It has been a year of work. God
+be thanked for it."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XII
+
+STEPPING WESTWARD
+
+1901-1902; _aet._ 82-83
+
+     But here the device of the spiral can save us. We must make the
+     round, but we may make it with an upward inclination. "Let there be
+     light!" is sometimes said in accents so emphatic, that the universe
+     remembers and cannot forget it. We carry our problems slowly
+     forward. With all the ups and downs of every age, humanity
+     constantly rises. Individuals may preserve all its early delusions,
+     commit all its primitive crimes; but to the body of civilized
+     mankind, the return to barbarism is impossible.
+
+                                                        J. W. H.
+
+
+"_January 7._ I have had a morning of visioning, lying in bed. 'Be still
+and know that I am God,' seemed to be my sentence. I thought of the
+Magdalen's box of spikenard, whose odor, when the box was broken, filled
+the house. The separate religious convictions of the sects seemed to me
+like so many boxes of ointment, exceedingly precious while shut up, but
+I thought also that the dear Lord would one day break these separate
+boxes, and that then their fragrance would fill the whole earth, which
+is His house.
+
+"This is my first writing in this book. From this thought and the 'Be
+still,' I may try to make two sermons.
+
+"In afternoon came William Wesselhoeft, Sr., and prescribed entire quiet
+and rest for some days to come. Oh! I do long to be at work."
+
+"_January 9._ To-day for the first time since January 3, I have opened a
+Greek book. I read in my AEschylus ["Eumenides"] how Apollo orders the
+Furies to leave his shrine, to go where deeds of barbarity, tortures,
+and mutilations are practised."
+
+At this time she heard of her son's receiving from the Czar the cross of
+the Order of St. Stanislas. She writes to him:--
+
+"Goodness gracious me!
+
+"Are you sure it isn't by mistake? Do you remember that you are my
+naughty little imp?... Well, well, it takes away my breath! Dearest Boy,
+my heart is lifted up with gratitude. If your father were only here, to
+share our great rejoicing! Joy! joy!..."
+
+She had always taken a deep interest in Queen Victoria, whose age was
+within three days of her own. Many people fancied a resemblance between
+the two; indeed, when in England as a bride, she was told more than
+once: "You look like our young Queen!" It is remembered how one of her
+daughters, knocking at the door of a Maine farmhouse to inquire the way,
+was met by a smiling, "I know who you are! You are the daughter of the
+Queen of America!"
+
+The Queen's death, coming as it did during her own illness, gave her a
+painful shock.
+
+"_January 23._ The news of Queen Victoria's death quite overcame me for
+a moment this morning. Instead of settling to my work, I wrote a very
+tiny 'bust of feeling' about her, which I carried to the 'Woman's
+Journal' office, where I found a suffrage meeting in progress. I could
+only show myself and say that I was not well enough to remain...."
+
+"Bust of feeling" was a favorite expression of hers. Old Bostonians
+will recall its origin. "A certain rich man," seeing a poor girl injured
+in a street accident, offered to pay her doctor's bill. This being
+presented in due time, he disclaimed all responsibility in the affair;
+and when reminded of his offer, exclaimed, "Oh, that was a bust of
+feeling!"
+
+On January 31, she was "in distress of mind all day lest Maud should
+absolutely refuse to let me give my lecture at Phillips Church this
+evening." Later she writes: "Maud was very kind and did nothing to
+hinder my going to South Boston." She went and enjoyed the evening, but
+was not so well after it.
+
+"_February 10._ A Sunday at home; unable to venture out. Wesselhoeft,
+Jr., called, left medicine, and forbade my going out before the cough
+has ceased. Have read in Cheyne's 'Jewish Religious Life after the
+Exile,' finding the places of reference in the Bible. Afterwards read in
+'L'Aiglon,' which is very interesting but not praiseworthy, as it
+endeavors to recall the false glory of Napoleon."
+
+"_February 18._ Have been out, first time since February 3, when I went
+to church and was physically the worse for it.... Last night had a time
+of lying awake with a sort of calm comfort. Woke in the morning full of
+invalid melancholy, intending to keep my bed. Felt much better when in
+motion. Must make a vigorous effort now to get entirely well."
+
+
+These days of seclusion were hard for her, and every effort was made to
+bring the "mountains" to her, since she could not go to them.
+
+A club was formed among her friends in Boston for the study and speaking
+of Italian: this became one of her great pleasures, and she looked
+forward eagerly to the meetings, delighted to hear and to use the
+beautiful speech she had loved since childhood.
+
+"_February 22._ The new club, _Il Circolo Italiano_, met at our house.
+Count Campello had asked me to say a few words, so I prepared a very
+little screed in Italian, not daring to trust myself to speak
+_extempore_ in this language. We had a large attendance; I thought one
+hundred were present. My bit was well received, and the lecture by
+Professor Speranza, of New York, was very interesting, though rather
+difficult to follow. The theme was D'Annunzio's dramas, from which he
+gave some quotations and many characterizations. He relegates D'Annunzio
+to the Renaissance when _Virtu_ had no real _moral significance_.
+Compared him with Ibsen. The occasion was exceedingly pleasant."
+
+
+                               _To Laura_
+
+I had hoped to go to church to-day, but my Maud and your Julia decided
+against it, and so I am having the day at home. It is just noon by my
+dial, and Maud is stretched in my Gardiner chair, comfortably shawled,
+and reading Lombroso's book on "The Man of Genius," with steadfast
+attention. Lombroso's theory seems to be that genius, almost equally
+with insanity, is a result of degeneration....
+
+
+"_March 1._ The first day of spring, though in this climate this is a
+_wintry_ month. I am thankful to have got on so far in this, my
+eighty-second year. My greatest trouble is that I use so poorly the
+precious time spared to me. Latterly I have been saying to myself, 'Can
+you not see that the drama is played out?' This partly because my
+children wish me to give up public speaking."
+
+"_March 4...._ To New England Woman's Club; first time this year, to my
+great regret and loss. I was cordially welcomed.... A thought suddenly
+came to me, namely, that the liberal education of women would give the
+death-blow to superstition. I said, 'We women have been the depositaries
+of religious sensibility, but we have also furnished the impregnable
+storehouse of superstition, sometimes gracious, sometimes desperately
+cruel and hurtful to our race.' No one noticed this, but I hold fast to
+it...."
+
+"_March 8...._ To Symphony Concert in afternoon, which I enjoyed but
+little, the music being of the multi-muddle order so much in vogue just
+now. An air of Haydn's sounded like a sentence of revelation in a
+chatter...."
+
+It may have been after this concert that she wrote these lines, found in
+one of her notebooks:--
+
+  Such ugly noises never in my life
+  My ears endured, such hideous fiddle-strife.
+  A dozen street bands playing different tunes,
+  A choir of chimney sweeps with various runes,
+  The horn that doth to farmer's dinner call,
+  The Chinese gong that serves in wealthier hall,
+  The hammer, scrub brush, and beseeching broom,
+  While here and there the guns of freedom boom,
+  "Tzing! bang! this soul is saved!" "Clang! clang! it isn't!"
+  And _mich_ and _dich_ and _ich_ and _sich_ and _sisn't_!
+  Five dollar bills the nauseous treat secured,
+  But what can pay the public that endured?
+
+"_March 17._ Before lying down for a needed rest, I must record the
+wonderful reception given to-day to Jack Elliott's ceiling.[134] The day
+was fine, clear sunlight. Many friends congratulated me, and some
+strangers. Vinton, the artist, Annie Blake, Ellen Dixey were
+enthusiastic in their commendation of the work, as were many others. I
+saw my old friend, Lizzie Agassiz, my cousin Mary Robeson and her
+daughter, and others too numerous to mention.... This I consider a day
+of great honor for my family.... _Deo gratias_ for this as well as for
+my son's decoration."
+
+  [134] The Triumph of Time, at the Public Library.
+
+"_March 31...._ Had a sort of vision in church of Moses and Christ, the
+mighty breath of the prophets reaching over many and dark ages to our
+own time, with power growing instead of diminishing. When I say a
+vision, I mean a vivid thought and mind picture."
+
+"_April 3._ Have writ to Larz Anderson, telling him where to find the
+quotation from Horace which I gave him for a motto to his automobile,
+'Ocior Euro.' Sanborn found it for me and sent it by postal. It must
+have been more than thirty years since dear Brother Sam showed it to
+me...."
+
+"_April 7._ A really inspired sermon from C. G. A., 'The power of an
+unending life.' ... The Communion which followed was to me almost
+miraculous. Mr. Ames called it a festival of commemoration, and it
+brought me a mind vision of the many departed dear ones. One after
+another the dear forms seemed to paint themselves on my inner vision:
+first, the nearer in point of time, last my brother Henry and Samuel
+Eliot. I felt that this experience ought to pledge me to new and more
+active efforts to help others. In my mind I said, the obstacle to this
+is my natural inertia, my indolence; then the thought, God can overcome
+this indolence and give me increased power of service and zeal for it.
+Those present, I think, all considered the sermon and Communion as of
+special power and interest. It almost made me fear lest it should prove
+a swan song from the dear minister. Perhaps it is I, not he, who may
+soon depart."
+
+Later in April she was able to fulfil some lecture engagements in New
+York State with much enjoyment, but also much fatigue. After her return
+she felt for a little while "as if it was about time for her to go," but
+her mind soon recovered its tone.
+
+Being gently reproved for giving a lecture and holding a reception on
+the same day, she said, "That is perfectly proper: I gave and I
+received: I was scriptural and I was blessed."
+
+Asked on another occasion if it did not tire her to lecture,--"Why, no!
+it is they [the audience] who are tired, not I!"
+
+On April 27 she writes:--
+
+"I have had a great gratification to-day. Mrs. Fiske Warren had invited
+us to afternoon tea and to hear Coquelin deliver some monologues. I
+bethought me of my poem entitled 'After Hearing Coquelin.' Maud wrote to
+ask Mrs. Warren whether she would like to have me read it and she
+assented. I procured a fresh copy of the volume in which it is
+published, and took it with me to this party, which was large and _very_
+representative of Boston's most recognized people. Miss Shedlock first
+made a charming recitation in French, which she speaks perfectly. Then
+Coquelin gave three delightful monologues. The company then broke up for
+tea and I thought my chance was lost, but after a while order was
+restored. M. Coquelin was placed where I could see him, and I read the
+poem as well as I could. He seemed much touched with the homage, and I
+gave him the book. People in general were pleased with the poem and I
+was very glad and thankful for so pleasant an experience. Learned with
+joy of the birth of a son to my dear niece, Elizabeth Chapman."
+
+Another happy birthday came and passed. After recording its friendly
+festivities, she writes:--
+
+"I am _very_ grateful for all this loving kindness. Solemn thoughts must
+come to me of the long past and of the dim, uncertain future. I trust
+God for His grace. My life has been poor in merit, in comparison to what
+it should have been, but I am thankful that to some it has brought
+comfort and encouragement, and that I have been permitted to champion
+some good causes and to see a goodly number of my descendants, all well
+endowed physically and mentally, and starting in life with good
+principles and intentions; my children all esteemed and honored for
+honorable service in their day and generation."
+
+"_May 30. Decoration Day...._ In the afternoon Maud and I drove out to
+Mount Auburn to visit the dear graves. We took with us the best of the
+birthday flowers, beautiful roses and lilies. I could not have much
+sense of the presence of our dear ones. Indeed, they are not there, but
+where they are, God only knows."
+
+"_May 31._ Free Religious meeting.... The fears which the bold programme
+had naturally aroused in me, fears lest the dear Christ should be spoken
+of in a manner to wound those who love him--these fears were at once
+dissipated by the reverent tone of the several speakers...."
+
+"_June 1...._ To the Free Religious festival.... I found something to
+say about the beautiful morning meeting and specially of the truth which
+comes down to us, mixed with so much rubbish of tradition. I spoke of
+the power of truth 'which burns all this accumulation of superstition
+and shines out firm and clear, so we may say that "the myth crumbles but
+the majesty remains."'..."
+
+She managed to do a good deal of writing this summer: wrote a number of
+"screeds," some to order, some from inward leading: _e.g._, a paper on
+"Girlhood Seventy Years Ago," a poem on the death of President McKinley.
+
+"_October 5._ A package came to-day from McClure's Syndicate. I thought
+it was my manuscript returned and rejected, and said, 'God give me
+strength not to cry.' I opened it and found a typewritten copy of my
+paper on 'Girlhood,' sent to me for correction in lieu of printer's
+proof. Wrote a little on my screed about 'Anarchy.' Had a sudden
+thought that the sense and spirit of government is responsibility."
+
+"_October 6...._ Wrote a poem on 'The Dead Century,' which has in it
+some good lines, I hope."
+
+"_October 8._ The cook ill with rheumatism. I made my bed, turning the
+mattress, and put my room generally to rights. When I lay down to take
+my usual _obligato_ rest, a fit of verse came upon me, and I had to
+abbreviate my lie-down to write out my _inspiration_."
+
+The "_obligato_ rest"! How she did detest it! She recognized the
+necessity of relaxing the tired nerves and muscles; she yielded, but
+never willingly. The noon hour would find her bending over her desk,
+writing "for dear life," or plunged fathoms deep in Grote's "Greece," or
+some other light and playful work. Daughter or granddaughter would
+appear, watch in hand, countenance steeled against persuasion. "Time for
+your rest, dearest!"
+
+The rapt face looks up, breaks into sunshine, melts into entreaty. "Let
+me finish this note, this page; then I will go!" Or it may be the sprite
+that looks out of the gray eyes. "Get out!" she says. "Leave the room! I
+never saw you before!"
+
+Finally she submits to the indignity of being tucked in for her nap; but
+even then her watch is beside her on the bed, ticking away the minutes
+till the half-hour is over, and she springs to her task.
+
+"_November 3. 241 Beacon Street._ My room here has been nicely cleaned,
+but I bring into it a great heap of books and papers. I am going to try
+_hard_ to be less disorderly than in the past."
+
+How hard she did try, we well remember. The book trunk was a necessity
+of the summer flitting. It carried a full load from one book-ridden
+house to the other, and there were certain books--the four-volume Oxford
+Bible, the big-print Horace, the Greek classics, shabby of dress,
+splendid of type and margin--which could surely have found their way to
+and from Newport unaided.
+
+One book she never asked for--the English dictionary! Once Maud,
+recently returned from Europe, apologized for having inadvertently taken
+the dictionary from 241 Beacon Street.
+
+"How dreadful it was of me to take your dictionary! What have you done?
+Did you buy a new one?"
+
+"I did not know you had taken it!"
+
+"But--how did you get along without a dictionary?"
+
+The elder looked her surprise.
+
+"I never use a word whose meaning I do not know!"
+
+"But the spelling?"
+
+There was no answer to this, save a whimsical shrug of the shoulders.
+
+"_November 11._ The day of the celebration of dear Chev's one hundredth
+birthday. Before starting for the Temple I received three beautiful
+gifts of flowers, a great bunch of white roses from Lizzie Agassiz, a
+lovely bouquet of violets from Mrs. Frank Batcheller, and some superb
+chrysanthemums from Mrs. George H. Perkins. The occasion was to me one
+of solemn joy and thankfulness. Senator Hoar presided with beautiful
+grace, preluding with some lovely reminiscences of Dr. Howe's visit to
+his office in Worcester, Massachusetts, when he, Hoar, was a young
+lawyer. Sanborn and Manatt excelled themselves, Humphreys did very well.
+Hoar requested me to stand up and say a few words, which I did, he
+introducing me in a very felicitous manner. I was glad to say my word,
+for my heart was deeply touched. With me on the platform were my dear
+children and Jack Hall and Julia Richards; Anagnos, of course; the music
+very good."
+
+Senator Hoar's words come back to us to-day, and we see his radiant
+smile as he led her forward.
+
+"It is only the older ones among us," he said, "who have seen Dr. Howe,
+but there are hundreds here who will want to tell their children that
+they have seen the author of the 'Battle Hymn of the Republic.'"
+
+Part of her "word" was as follows:--
+
+"We have listened to-day to very heroic memories; it almost took away
+our breath to think that such things were done in the last century. I
+feel very grateful to the pupils and graduates of the Perkins
+Institution for the Blind who have planned this service in honor of my
+husband. It is a story that should be told from age to age to show what
+one good resolute believer in humanity was able to accomplish for the
+benefit of his race.... The path by which he led Laura Bridgman to the
+light has become one of the highways of education, and a number of
+children similarly afflicted are following it, to their endless
+enlargement and comfort. What an encouragement does this story give to
+the undertaking of good deeds!
+
+"I thank those who are with us to-day for their sympathy and attention.
+I do this, not in the name of a handful of dust, dear and reverend as it
+is, that now rests in Mount Auburn, but in the name of a great heart
+which is with us to-day and which will still abide with those who work
+in its spirit."
+
+"_November 26. Thursday._ A day of pleasant agitation from beginning to
+end. I tried to recognize in thought the many mercies of the year. My
+fortunate recoveries from illness, the great pleasures of study,
+friendly intercourse, thought and life generally. Our Thanksgiving
+dinner was at about 1.30 P.M., and was embellished by the traditional
+turkey, a fine one, to which David, Flossy, Maud, and I did justice. The
+Richards girls, Julia and Betty, and Chug[135] and Jack Hall, flitted in
+and out, full of preparation for the evening event, the marriage of my
+dear Harry Hall to Alice Haskell. I found time to go over my screed for
+Maynard very carefully, rewriting a little of it and mailing it in the
+afternoon.
+
+  [135] Dr. Lawrence J. Henderson.
+
+"In the late afternoon came Harry Hall and his best man, Tom McCready,
+to dine here and dress for the ceremony. Maud improvised a pleasant
+supper: we were eight at table. Went to the church in two carriages.
+Bride looked very pretty, simple white satin dress and tulle veil. Six
+bridesmaids in pink, carrying white chrysanthemums. H. M. H.[136] seemed
+very boyish, but looked charmingly...."
+
+  [136] The bridegroom, Henry Marion Hall.
+
+"_December 31._ The last day of a blessed year in which I have
+experienced some physical suffering, but also many comforts and
+satisfactions. I have had grippe and bronchitis in the winter and bad
+malarial jaundice in the summer, but I have been constantly employed in
+writing on themes of great interest and have had much of the society of
+children and grandchildren. Of these last, two are happily married,
+_i.e._, in great affection. My dear Maud and her husband have been with
+me constantly, and I have had little or no sense of loneliness...."
+
+
+The beginning of 1902 found her in better health than the previous year.
+
+She records a luncheon with a distinguished company, at which all agreed
+that "the 'Atlantic' to-day would not accept Milton's 'L' Allegro,' nor
+would any other magazine."
+
+At the Symphony Concert "the Tschaikowsky Symphony seemed to me to have
+in it more noise than music. Felt that I am too old to enjoy new music."
+
+"_January 24._ Suffrage and Anti-Suffrage at the State House. I went
+there with all of my old interest in the Cause. The Antis were there in
+force: Mrs. Charles Guild as their leader; Lawyer Russell as their
+manager. I had to open. I felt so warm in my faith that for once I
+thought I might convert our opponents. I said much less than I had
+intended, as is usually the case with me when I speak _extempore_."
+
+"_February 7...._ I went to see Leoni's wonderful illuminated
+representation of leading events in our history; a very remarkable work,
+and one which ought to remain in this country."
+
+"_February 11._ Dreamed of an interview with a female pope. I had to go
+to Alliance Meeting to speak about Wordsworth. I hunted up some verses
+written about him in my early enthusiasm, probably in 1840 or 1841. This
+I read and then told of my visit to him with Dr. Howe and the
+unpleasantness of the experience. Spoke also of the reaction in England
+against the morbid discontent which is so prominent and powerful in much
+of Byron's poetry...."
+
+"_February 12...._ In my dream of yesterday morning the woman pope and I
+were on very friendly terms. I asked on leaving whether I might kiss her
+hand. She said, 'You may kiss my hand.' I found it fat and far from
+beautiful. As I left her, methought that her countenance relaxed and she
+looked like a tired old woman. In my dream I thought, 'How like this is
+to what Pope Leo would do.'"
+
+"_February 13...._ Felt greatly discouraged at first waking. It seemed
+impossible for me to make a first move under so many responsibilities. A
+sudden light came into my soul at the thought that God will help me in
+any good undertaking, and with this there came an inkling of first steps
+to be taken with regard to Sig. Leoni's parchment.[137] I went to work
+again on my prize poem, with better success than hitherto...."
+
+  [137] That is, to have it bought by some public society.
+
+"_February 14._ Philosophy at Mrs. Bullard's.... Sent off my prize poem
+with scarcely any hope of its obtaining or indeed deserving the prize,
+but Mar[138] has promised to pay me something for it in any case, and I
+was bound to try for the object, namely, a good civic poem...."
+
+  [138] An editor.
+
+"_February 15...._ A day of great pleasure, profit and fatigue....
+Griggs's lecture.... The address on 'Erasmus and Luther' was very
+inspiring. Griggs is in the full tide of youthful inspiration and gives
+himself to his audience without stint. He did not quite do justice to
+the wonderful emancipation of thought which Protestantism has brought to
+the world, but his illustration of the two characters was masterly. I
+said afterwards to Fanny Ames: 'He will burn himself out.' She thinks
+that he is wisely conservative of his physical strength. I said, 'He
+bleeds at every pore.' I used to say this of myself with regard to
+ordinary social life. Went to the Club, where was made to preside. Todd
+and Todkinee[139] both spoke excellently. Then to Symphony Concert to
+hear Kreisler and the 'Pastoral Symphony.'"
+
+  [139] Professor Todd, of Amherst, and his wife, Mabel Loomis Todd.
+
+"_February 16...._ The Philosophy meeting and Griggs's lecture revived
+in me the remembrance of my philosophic studies and attempts of
+thirty-five years ago, and I determined to endeavor to revise them and
+to publish them in some shape. Have thought a good deal this morning of
+this cream of genius in which the fervent heat of youth fuses conviction
+and imagination and gives the world its great masters and masterpieces.
+It cannot outlast the length of human life of which it is the poetry.
+Age follows it with slow philosophy, but can only strengthen the
+outposts which youth has gained with daring flight. Both are divinely
+ordained and most blessed. Of the dear Christ the world had only this
+transcendent efflorescence. I said to Ames yesterday, 'I find in the
+Hebrew prophets all the doctrine which I find in Christ's teaching.' He
+said, 'Yes, it is there seminally.' We agreed that it was the life which
+made the difference."
+
+"_February 21_.... My dearest Maud left by 1 P.M. train to sail for
+Europe to-morrow. I could not go to the hearing. Was on hand to think of
+small details which might have been overlooked. Gave them my fountain
+pen, to Jack's great pleasure. Julia Richards came to take care of me. I
+suffered extreme depression in coming back to the empty house, every
+corner of which is so identified with Maud's sweet and powerful
+presence. The pain of losing her, even for a short time, seemed
+intolerable. I was better in the evening. Chug amused me with a game of
+picquet."
+
+Her spirits soon rallied, and the granddaughters did their best to fill
+the great void. She writes to Laura about this time:--
+
+  Not a sign was made, not a note was wrote,
+  Not a telegram was wired,
+  Not a rooster sent up his warning note,
+  When the eggs from your larder were fired.
+
+  We swallow them darkly at break of fast,
+  Each one to the other winking,
+  And "woe is me if this be the last"
+  Is what we are sadly thinking.
+
+  The egg on missile errand sent
+  Some time has been maturing,
+  And, with whate'er endearment blent,
+  Is rarely reassuring.
+
+  But yours, which in their freshness came
+  Just when they might be wanted,
+  A message brought without a name,
+  "Love," we will take for granted.    [_Copyrighted._]
+
+Julia is rather strict with me, but very good, considering whose
+grandchild she is.
+
+                                Affect.,
+                                                        MOTHER.
+
+"_March 25._ I received in one day three notes asking me regarding the
+'Life of Margaret Shepard,' and 'Secret Confessions of a Priest.' One
+writer had seen in some paper that she could have the books by applying
+to me; Miss ---- wrote to the same intent; Miss ---- wrote and enclosed
+forty cents' worth of stamps for one of the books. I have replied to all
+that I know nothing of the books in question, and that I am neither
+agent nor bookseller."
+
+"_March 30._ Lunch with Mrs. Fields after church. Heard a very inspiring
+sermon from Samuel A. Eliot. This young man has a very noble bearing and
+a stringent way of presenting truth. He has that vital religious power
+which is rare and most precious. Before he had spoken I had been asking
+in my mind, how can we make the _past present to us_? The Easter service
+and Lent also seem intended to do this, but our imaginations droop and
+lag behind our desires...."
+
+"_April 2._... Went in the evening to see 'Ben-Hur' with kind Sarah
+Jewett--her treat, as was my attendance at the opera. The play was
+altogether spectacular, but very good in that line...."
+
+"_April 3._... Went to the celebration of E. E. Hale's eightieth
+birthday, in which the community largely participated. Senator Hoar was
+the orator and spoke finely.... Hale's response was manly, cheery, and
+devout. He has certainly done much good work, and has suggested many
+good things."
+
+"_April 12._ Lunch with Mrs. Wheelwright. I found Agnes Repplier very
+agreeable. She had known the wife of Green, the historian, 'very, almost
+too brilliant.' Told me something about his life. I enjoyed meeting
+her."
+
+
+                           _To Laura_
+
+Yes, I likes my chilluns better 'n other folkses' chilluns. P'raps 'tis
+as well sometimes to let them know that I do....
+
+What you write about my little Memoir of your dear Papa touches me a
+good deal. I did my best to make it as satisfactory as the limits
+imposed upon me would allow. I don't think that I ever had a word of
+commendation for it. Michael killed it as a book by printing it entire
+in his Report for the year. Now I am much gratified by your notice of
+it. You are most welcome to use it in connection with the letters.[140]
+
+  [140] Letters and Journals of Samuel Gridley Howe.
+
+
+"_May 16._ In the evening the Italian supper at the Hotel Piscopo, North
+End. I recited Goldoni's toast from the 'Locandiera,' and also made a
+little speech at the end of the banquet. Padre Roberto, a Venetian
+priest, young and handsome, sat near me...."
+
+"_May 18_.... I had prayed that this might be a real Whitsunday to me
+and I felt that it was. Notice was given of a meeting at which Catholic,
+Jew, Episcopalian, and Unitarian are to speak regarding the Filipinos.
+This seemed like the Millennium. It is the enlargement of religious
+sympathy; not, as some may think, the progress of critical
+indifferentism.
+
+"During this morning's service my desire to speak to prisoners
+reasserted itself strongly; also my thought of one of my sermons which I
+wish to write. One should be to the text: 'The glory of God in the face
+of Jesus Christ,' the reflection of divine glory in God's saints, like
+the reflection of the sun's light in the planets. Another about Adam
+being placed in Eden to tend the flowers and water them. This should
+concern our office in the land of our birth, into which we are born to
+love and serve our country. Will speak of the self-banished Americans,
+Hale's 'Man without a Country,' etc. This day has been so full of
+thought and suggestion that I hardly know how to let it go. I pray that
+it may bear some fruit in my life, what is left of it."
+
+"_May 24._ The annual Club luncheon in honor of my birthday. I felt
+almost overwhelmed by the great attention shown me and by the constant
+talk of speakers with reference to myself.... I don't find in myself
+this charm, this goodness, attributed to me by such speakers, but I know
+that I love the Club and love the world of my own time, so far as I know
+it. They called me Queen and kissed my hand. When I came home I fell in
+spirit before the feet of the dear God, thanking Him for the regard
+shown me, and praying that it might not for one moment make me vain. I
+read my translation of Horace's ode, 'Quis Desiderio,' and it really
+seemed to suit the mention made by Mrs. Cheney of our departed members,
+_praecipue_, Dr. Zack; Dr. Hoder [?] of England was there, and
+ex-Governor Long and T. W. Higginson, also Agnes Irwin. It was a great
+time."
+
+"_July 5_.... I wrote to Ethel V. Partridge, Omaha, a high-school
+student: 'Get all the education that you can. Cultivate habits of
+studious thought with all that books can teach. The fulfilment of the
+nearest duty gives the best education.' I fear that I have come to know
+this by doing the exact opposite, _i.e._, neglecting much of the nearest
+duty in the pursuit of an intellectual wisdom which I have not
+attained...."
+
+
+Maud and Florence were both away in the early part of this summer, and
+various grandchildren kept her company at Oak Glen. There were other
+visitors, among them Count Salome di Campello, a cheery guest who cooked
+spaghetti for her, and helped the granddaughter to set off the Fourth of
+July fireworks, to her equal pleasure and terror. During his visit she
+invited the Italian Ambassador[141] to spend a couple of days at Oak
+Glen. On July 14 she writes:--
+
+  [141] Count Mayer des Planches.
+
+"Not having heard from the Italian Ambassador, the Count and I supposed
+that he was not coming. In the late afternoon came a letter saying that
+he would arrive to-morrow. We were troubled at this late intelligence,
+which gave me no time to invite people to meet the guest. I lay down for
+my afternoon rest with a very uneasy mind. Remembering St. Paul's words
+about 'Angels unawares,' I felt comforted, thinking that the Angel of
+Hospitality would certainly visit me, whether the guest proved congenial
+or not."
+
+"_July 15_.... The Ambassador arrived as previously announced. He proved
+a most genial and charming person; a man still in the prime of life,
+with exquisite manners, as much at home in our simplicity as he
+doubtless is in scenes of luxury and magnificence. Daisy Chanler drove
+out for afternoon tea, at my request, and made herself charming. After
+her came Emily Ladenberg, who also made a pleasing impression. Our guest
+played on the piano and joined in our evening whist. We were all
+delighted with him."
+
+After the Ambassador's departure she writes:--
+
+"He gave me an interesting account of King Charles Albert of Savoia. He
+is a man of powerful temperament, which we all felt; has had to do with
+Bismarck and Salisbury and all the great European politicians of his
+time. We were all sorry to see him depart."
+
+
+The Journal tells of many pleasures, among them "a delightful morning in
+the green parlor with Margaret Deland and dear Maud."
+
+On August 24 she writes:--
+
+"This day has been devoted to a family function of great interest,
+namely, the christening of Daisy and Wintie's boy baby, Theodore Ward,
+the President[142] himself standing godfather. Jack Elliott and I were
+on hand in good time, both of us in our best attire. We found a very
+chosen company, the Sydney Websters, Owen Wister, Senator Lodge and
+wife, the latter standing as godmother. Mr. Diman, of the School,[143]
+officiated, Parson Stone being ill. The President made his response
+quite audibly. The Chanler children looked lovely, and the baby as dear
+as a baby can look. His godfather gave him a beautiful silver bowl lined
+with gold. I gave a silver porringer, Maud a rattle with silver bells;
+lunch followed. President Roosevelt took me in to the table and seated
+me on his right. This was a very distinguished honor. The conversation
+was rather literary. The President admires Emerson's poems, and also
+Longfellow and Sienkiewicz. He paid me the compliment of saying that
+Kipling alone had understood the meaning of my 'Battle Hymn,' and that
+he admired him therefor. Wister proposed the baby's health, and I
+recited a quatrain which came to me early this morning. Here it is:--
+
+  "Roses are the gift of God,
+  Laurels are the gift of fame;
+  Add the beauty of thy life
+  To the glory of thy name."
+
+  [142] Theodore Roosevelt.
+
+  [143] St. George's, Newport.
+
+"I said, 'Two lines for the President and two for the baby'; the two
+first naturally for the President. As I sat waiting for the ceremony, I
+called the dear roll of memory, Uncle Sam and so on back to Grandpa
+Ward. I was very thankful to participate in this beautiful occasion. But
+the service and talk about the baby's being born in sin, etc., etc.,
+seemed to me very inconsistent with Christ's saying that he who would
+enter into the Kingdom of Heaven must become 'as a little child.' He
+also said, 'of such is the kingdom of heaven.'"
+
+She had a high admiration for Colonel Roosevelt, and a regard so warm
+that she would never allow any adverse criticism of him in her presence.
+The following verses express this feeling:--
+
+  Here's to Teddy,
+  Blythe and ready,
+  Fit for each occasion!
+  Who as he
+  Acceptably
+  Can represent the Nation?
+
+  Neither ocean
+  Binds his motion,
+  Undismayed explorer;
+  Challenge dares him,
+  Pullman bears him
+  Swifter than Aurora.
+
+  Here's to Teddy!
+  Let no eddy
+  Block the onward current.
+  Him we trust,
+  And guard we must
+  From schemes to sight abhorrent.
+
+  When the tuba
+  Called to Cuba
+  Where the fight was raging,
+  Rough and ready
+  Riders led he,
+  Valorous warfare waging.
+
+  Here's to Teddy!
+  Safe and steady,
+  Loved by every section!
+  South and North
+  Will hurry forth
+  To hasten his election.
+
+                                   1904.
+
+On September 12, a notice of the death of William Allen Butler is pasted
+in the Diary. Below it she writes:--
+
+"A pleasant man. I met him at the Hazeltines' in Rome in 1898 and 1899.
+His poem ["Nothing to Wear"] was claimed by one or two people. I met his
+father [a Cabinet Minister] at a dinner at the Bancrofts' in New York,
+at which ex-President Van Buren was also present, and W. M. Thackeray,
+who said to me across the table that Browning's 'How They Brought the
+Good News' was a 'good jingle.'"
+
+On the 29th she spoke at a meeting of the New England Woman's Club in
+memory of Dr. Zakrzewska, and records her final words:--
+
+"I pray God earnestly that we women may never go back from the ground
+which has been gained for us by our noble pioneers and leaders. I pray
+that these bright stars of merit, set in our human firmament, may shine
+upon us and lead us to better and better love and service for God and
+man."
+
+"In the afternoon, to hear reports of delegates to Biennial at Los
+Angeles. These were very interesting, but the activity shown made me
+feel my age, and its one great infirmity, loss of power of locomotion. I
+felt somehow the truth of the line which Mr. Robert C. Winthrop once
+quoted to me:--
+
+  "'Superfluous lags the veteran on the stage.'"
+
+Yet a few days later she writes:--
+
+"I had this morning so strong a feeling of the goodness of the divine
+Parent in the experience of my life, especially of its most trying
+period, that I had to cry out, 'What shall I, who have received so much,
+give in return?' I felt that I must only show that forbearance and
+forgiveness to others which the ever blessed One has shown to me. My own
+family does not call for this. I am cherished by its members with great
+tenderness and regard. I thought later in the day of a sermon to
+prisoners which would brighten their thoughts of the love of God. Text
+from St. John's Epistle, 'Behold what manner of love is this that we
+should be called the sons of God.'"
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+This was the year of the coal strike in Pennsylvania, which made much
+trouble in Boston. She notes one Sunday that service at the Church of
+the Disciples was held in the church parlors "on account of the shortage
+of coal." This recalls vivid pictures of the time; distracted coal
+merchants dealing out promises, with nothing else to deal; portly
+magnates and stately dames driving down Beacon Street in triumph with
+coals in a paper bag to replenish the parlor fire: darker pictures, too,
+of poverty and suffering.
+
+At 241 Beacon Street the supply was running low, and the coal dealer was
+summoned by telephone. "A load of coal? Impossible, madam! We have no--I
+beg your pardon! Mrs. Julia Ward Howe? _Mrs. Howe's house is cold?_ You
+shall have some within the hour!"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIII
+
+LOOKING TOWARD SUNSET
+
+1903-1905; _aet._ 84-86
+
+IN MUSIC HALL
+
+_Looking down upon the white heads of my contemporaries_
+
+  Beneath what mound of snow
+  Are hid my springtime roses?
+  How shall Remembrance know
+  Where buried Hope reposes?
+
+  In what forgetful heart
+  As in a canon darkling,
+  Slumbers the blissful art
+  That set my heaven sparkling?
+
+  What sense shall never know,
+  Soul shall remember;
+  Roses beneath the snow,
+  June in November.
+
+                                         J. W. H.
+
+
+The year 1903 began with the celebration at Faneuil Hall of the fortieth
+anniversary of Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. She was one of the
+speakers. "I felt much the spirit of the occasion, and spoke, I thought,
+better than usual, going back to the heroic times before and during the
+war, and to the first celebration forty years ago, at which I was
+present."
+
+Work of all kinds poured in, the usual steady stream.
+
+"_January 6._ Wrote a new circular for Countess."
+
+Who the Countess was, or what the circular was about, is not known. By
+this time it had become the custom (or so it seemed to exasperated
+daughters and granddaughters) for any one who wanted anything in the
+literary line, from a proverb to a pamphlet, to ask her for it.
+
+It is remembered how on a certain evening, when she was resting after a
+weary day, a "special delivery" note was received from a person whom she
+scarcely knew, asking for "her thoughts on the personality of God, by
+return mail." This was one of the few requests she ever denied. People
+asked her to give them material for their club papers (sometimes to
+write them!), to put them through college, to read their manuscripts, to
+pay the funeral expenses of their relatives. A volume of the letters
+conveying these requests would be curious reading.
+
+The petition for a "little verse" was rarely refused. Her notebooks are
+full of occasional poems, only a small proportion of which ever appeared
+in print. Many of them are "autographs." She always meant to honor every
+request of this kind; the country must be full of volumes inscribed by
+her. Here are a few of them.
+
+_For Francis C. Stokes, Westtown School, Pennsylvania_
+
+  Auspicious be the rule
+  Of love at Westtown School,
+  And happy, mid his youthful folks
+  The daily task of Master Stokes!
+
+[When this gentleman's note came, she was "tired to death." The
+granddaughter said, "You _can't_ do it. Let me write a friendly note,
+and you shall sign it!"
+
+"You're right," she said, "I can't: I am too tired to think!" But when
+she saw the note taken away, "No, no!" she cried, "I can! He is probably
+a most hard-working man, and a little word may cheer him. Here, I have
+a line already!"]
+
+     Wealth is good, health is better, character is best.
+
+  Citizens of the new world,
+  Children of the promise,
+  So let us live!
+
+  Love to learn, and learn to love.
+
+     Remember to forget your troubles, but don't forget to remember your
+     blessings.
+
+For Mr. Charles Gallup, who had written to her several times without
+receiving a reply, she wrote--
+
+  If one by name Gallup
+  Desires to wallop
+  A friend who too slowly responds,
+  She will plead that her age
+  Has attained such a stage
+  She is held hand and foot in its bonds.
+
+Here, again, are a few sentences, gathered from various calendars.
+
+     The little girls on the school bench, using or misusing their
+     weekly allowance, are learning to build their future house, or
+     pluck it down.
+
+     No gift can make rich those who are poor in wisdom.
+
+     In whatever you may undertake, never sacrifice quality for
+     quantity, even when quantity pays and quality does not.
+
+     For so long, the body can perform its functions and hold together,
+     but what term is set for the soul? Nothing in its make-up
+     foretokens a limited existence. Its sentence would seem to be,
+     "Once and always."
+
+The verses in the notebooks are by no means all "by request." The
+rhyming fit might seize her anywhere, at any time. She wrote the rough
+draft on whatever was at hand, often on the back of note, circular, or
+newspaper wrapper. She could never forget the war-time days when paper
+cost half a dollar a pound.
+
+Nor were people content with writing: they came singly, in pairs, in
+groups, to proffer requests, to pay respects, to ask counsel. The only
+people she met unwillingly were those who came to bewail their lot and
+demand her sympathy.
+
+No one will ever know the number of her benefactions. They were mostly,
+of necessity, small, yet we must think they went a long way. At the New
+England Woman's Club, whenever a good new cause came up, she would say,
+"I will start the subscription with a dollar!" Many noble and enduring
+things began with the "President's dollar." If she had had a hundred
+dollars to give, it would have been joyfully given: if she had had but
+ten cents, it would not have been withheld. She had none of the false
+pride which shrinks from giving a small sum.
+
+Beggars and tramps were tenderly dealt with. A discharged criminal in
+particular must never be refused help. Work must be found for him if
+possible; if not, it is to be feared that he got a dollar, "to help him
+find work"!
+
+"_January 10._ At 11.30 received message from 'New York World' that it
+would pay for an article sent at once on 'Gambling among Society
+People.' Wrote this in a little more than an hour."
+
+"_January 20...._ Some little agitation about my appearance at the
+Artists' Festival to-night, as one of the patronesses. I had already a
+white woollen dress quite suitable for the prescribed costume. Some
+benevolent person or persons ordered for me and sent a cloak of fine
+white cloth, beautiful to look at but heavy to wear. A headdress was
+improvised out of one of my Breton caps, with a long veil of lawn. Jack
+Elliott made me a lovely coronet out of a bit of gold braid with one
+jewel of dear Maud's. Arriving, to my surprise, I found the Queen's
+chair waiting for me. I sat thereon very still, the other patronesses
+being most kind and cordial, and saw the motley throng and the curious
+pageants. Costumes most beautiful, but the hall too small for much
+individual effect. Adele Thayer wore the famous Thayer diamonds."
+
+"_January 27._ Woke early and began to worry about the hearing....
+Dressed with more care than usual and went betimes to State House. Had a
+good deliverance of my paper. The opposition harped upon our bill as an
+effort to obtain class legislation, saying also that they knew it to be
+an entering wedge to obtain suffrage for all women; the two positions
+being evidently irreconcilable. When our turn for rebuttal came, I said:
+'Many years ago John Quincy Adams presented in Congress a petition for
+the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, but none of the
+Southerners imagined that this petition was intended to keep the other
+negroes of the South in slavery! Are we, who, for thirty years past, and
+more, have been coming here to ask for full suffrage for all women, to
+be accused of coming here now with a view to the exclusion of our former
+clients from suffrage? How can we be said to contemplate this and at the
+same time to be putting in an entering wedge for universal suffrage?'
+
+"I thank God for what I did say at the hearing and for what I did not
+say. Two of the opposing speakers were rude in their remarks; all were
+absurd, hunting an issue which they knew to be false, namely, our
+seeking for class legislation."
+
+"_January 28._ Although very tired after yesterday's meeting, I went in
+the evening to see 'Julius Caesar' in Richard Mansfield's interpretation.
+The play was beautifully staged; Mansfield very good in the tent scene;
+parts generally well filled...."
+
+"_March 3._ My dear Maud returned this evening from New York. She has
+been asked to speak at to-morrow's suffrage hearing. I advised her to
+reflect before embarking upon this new voyage.... When she told me what
+she had in mind to say, I felt that a real word had been given her. I
+said: 'Go and say that!'..."
+
+"_April 1...._ A telegram announced the birth of my first
+great-grandchild, Harry Hall's infant daughter.[144]..."
+
+  [144] Julia Ward Howe Hall.
+
+"_April 11._ To Mrs. Bigelow Lawrence's, Parker House, to hear music.
+Mrs. [Henry] Whitman called for me.
+
+"Delightful music; two quartettes of Beethoven's, a quintette of
+Mozart's, which I heard at Joseph Coolidge's some thirty or more years
+ago. I recognized it by the first movement, which Bellini borrowed in a
+sextette which I studied in my youth from 'La Straniera,' an opera never
+given in these days...."
+
+"_April 17._ Winchendon lecture.... A day of anguish for me. I was
+about to start for Winchendon when my dearest Maud so earnestly besought
+me not to go, the weather being very threatening, that I _could not_
+deny her. Words can hardly say how I suffered in giving up the trip and
+disappointing so many people.... As I lay taking my afternoon rest, my
+heart said to God, 'You cannot help me in this'; but He did help me, for
+I was able soon after this to interest myself in things at hand. I heard
+Mabilleau's lecture on French art in its recent departure. It was
+brilliant and forcibly stated, but disappointing. He quoted with
+admiration Baudelaire's hideous poem, 'Un Carogne.'..."
+
+"_April 21._ In the afternoon attended anniversary of the Blind
+Kindergarten, where I made, as usual, a brief address, beginning with
+'God said, Let there be light,' a sentence which makes itself felt
+throughout the human domain, where great-hearted men are stirred by it
+to combat the spirits of darkness. Spoke also of the culture of the
+blind as vindicating the dignity of the human mind, which can become a
+value and a power despite the loss of outward sense. Alluded to dear
+Chev's sense of this and his resolve that the blind, from being simply a
+burden, should become of value to the community. The care of them draws
+forth tender sympathy in those whose office it is to cherish and
+instruct them. Spoke of the nursery as one of the dearest of human
+institutions. Commended the little blind nursery to the affectionate
+regard of seeing people. The children did exceedingly well, especially
+the orchestra. The little blind 'cellist was remarkable."
+
+"_May 2._ Dreamed last night that I was dead and kept saying, 'I found
+it out immediately,' to those around me...."
+
+"_May 28._ My prayer for the new year of my life beginning to-day is,
+that in some work that I shall undertake I may help to make clear the
+goodness of God to some who need to know more of it than they do...."
+
+"_June 22._ Mabel Loomis Todd wrote asking me for a word to enclose in
+the corner-stone of the new observatory building at Amherst
+[Massachusetts]. I have just sent her the following:--
+
+  "The stars against the tyrant fought
+  In famous days of old;
+  The stars in freedom's banner wrought
+  Shall the wide earth enfold."
+
+"_June 23._ Kept within doors by the damp weather. Read in William
+James's book, 'Varieties of Religious Experience.'... Had a strange
+fatigue--a restlessness in my brain."
+
+"_June 25...._ The James book which I finished yesterday left in my mind
+a painful impression of doubt; a God who should be only my better self,
+or an impersonal pervading influence. These were suggestions which left
+me very lonely and forlorn. To-day, as I thought it all over, the God of
+Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob seemed to come back to me; the God of Christ,
+and his saints and martyrs. I said to myself: 'Let me be steeped in the
+devotion of the Psalms, and of Paul's Epistles!' I took up Coquerel's
+sermons on the Lord's Prayer, simple, beautiful, positive...."
+
+"_July 30._ _Oak Glen._ Rose at 6.15 A.M. and had good luck in dressing
+quickly. With dear Flossy took 9 A.M. train for Boston. At Middletown
+station found the teachers from the West [Denver and Iowa], who started
+the 'Battle Hymn' when they saw me approaching. This seemed to me
+charming. My man Michael, recognizing the tune, said: 'Mrs. Howe, this
+is a send-off for you!'..."
+
+She was going to keep a lecture engagement in Concord, Massachusetts;
+her theme, "A Century from the Birth of Emerson." She was anxious about
+this paper, and told Mr. Sanborn (the inevitable reporter calling to
+borrow her manuscript) that she thought the less said about the address
+the better. "I have tried very hard to say the right thing, but doubt
+whether I have succeeded." Spite of these doubts, the lecture was
+received with enthusiasm.
+
+"_September 6._ I was very dull at waking and dreaded the drive to
+church and the stay to Communion. The drive partly dissipated my
+'megrims'; every bright object seemed to me to praise God.... The
+Communion service was very comforting. Especially did Christ's words
+come to me, 'Abide in me,' etc. I felt that if I would abide in Him, old
+as I am, I could still do some good work. 'Yes! my strong friend,' my
+heart said, 'I will abide in thee,' and a bit of the old Easter anthem
+came back to me, 'He sitteth at the right hand of God, in the glory of
+the Father.' No, it is a verse of the _Te Deum_."
+
+In October a lecture in South Berwick gave her the opportunity, always
+greatly enjoyed, of a visit to Sarah Orne Jewett and her sister Mary.
+
+"_November 1._ _South Berwick._ A delightful drive. Mary Jewett, Annie
+Fields, and I to visit Mrs. Tyson in the Hamilton House described by
+Sarah in her 'Tory Lover.'... Most interesting. Mrs. Tyson very cordial
+and delightful.... She came over later to dinner and we had such a
+pleasant time! In afternoon copied most of my screed for the 'Boston
+Globe.'"
+
+It surely was not on this occasion that she described dinner as "a thing
+of courses and remorses!"
+
+"_November 2._ Took reluctant leave of the Jewett house and the trio,
+Sarah, Mary, and Annie Fields. We had a wonderful dish of pigeons for
+lunch...."
+
+It was delightful to see our mother and Miss Jewett together. They were
+the best of playmates, having a lovely intimacy of understanding. Their
+talk rippled with light and laughter. Such stories as they told! such
+songs as they sang! who that heard will ever forget our mother's story
+of Edward Everett in his youth? He was to take three young ladies to
+drive, and had but the one horse; he wished to please them all equally.
+To the first he said, "The horse is perfectly fresh now; you have him in
+his best condition." To the second he said, "The horse was a little
+antic at first, so you will have the safer drive." To the third he said,
+"Now that the other two have had their turn, we need not hasten back.
+You can have the longest drive."
+
+It is recalled that during this visit, when Laura felt bound to
+remonstrate in the matter of fruitcake, "Sarah" took sides with ardor.
+"You shall have all you want, Mrs. Howe, and a good big piece to take
+home besides! Put it somewhere where the girls can't find it!"
+
+She nodded. "There is a corner in my closet, which even Maud dare not
+explore!"
+
+The fruitcake was duly packed, transported, and eaten--we are bound to
+say without ill effect.
+
+This recalls the day when, leaving Gardiner, she was presented with a
+packet of sandwiches, and charged to have the Pullman porter bring her a
+cup of bouillon. The next day Laura received a postal card.
+
+"Lunched at Portland on mince pie, which agreed with me excellently,
+thank you!"
+
+Her postal cards were better than most people's letters. You could
+almost see them sparkle. The signature would be "Town Pump" or something
+equally luminous. In fact, she so rarely signed her own name in writing
+to us that when asked for autographs we were posed. "Town Pump" was no
+autograph for the author of the "Battle Hymn"!
+
+There was another mince pie, a little, pretty one, which she saw at a
+Papeterie meeting, the last summer of her life; saw, coveted, secreted,
+with her hostess's aid, and smuggled home. Always a moderate eater, she
+never could be made to see that age demanded a careful diet. "I have
+eaten sausages all my life," she would say. "They have always agreed
+with me perfectly!" Indeed, till the very latest years, her digestion
+had never failed her. It was in the eighties that she said to one of us,
+"I have a singular sensation that I have never felt before. Do you think
+it might possibly be indigestion?" She described it, and it _was_
+indigestion. We are reminded of a contemporary of hers who, being
+gently rebuked for giving rich food to a delicate grandchild, replied
+with lofty scorn, "Stuff and nonsense! _Teach his stomach!_"
+
+"_November 8...._ In late afternoon some visioning, _i.e._, lying down
+to rest and asking and answering questions in my mind:--
+
+"Question: Can anything exceed the delight of the first mutual
+understanding of two lovers?
+
+"Answer: This has its sacredness and its place, but even better is the
+large affection which embraces things human and divine, God and man.
+
+"Question: Are Saviour and Saints alive now?
+
+"Answer: If you believe that God is just, they must be. They gave all
+for His truth: He owes them immortality."
+
+"_November 16._ Dear Auntie Francis's wedding day. I think it was in
+1828. My sisters and I were bridesmaids, my brothers groomsmen. Dear
+father, very lame, walked up with a cane to give her away. Grandma
+Cutler looked much discontented with the match. Father sent the pair off
+in his own carriage, with four horses, their manes and tails braided
+with white ribbons. They drove part of the way to Philadelphia."
+
+"_November 28...._ To Wellesley College.... William Butler Yeats
+lectured on the revival of letters in Ireland. We dined with him
+afterwards at Miss Hazard's house. He is a man of fiery temperament,
+with a slight, boyish figure: has deep-set blue eyes and dark hair;
+reminds me of John O'Sullivan[145] in his temperament; is certainly, as
+Grandpa Ward said of the Red Revolutionists, with whom he dined in the
+days of the French Revolution, 'very warm.'"
+
+  [145] Hawthorne's friend of the _Democratic Review_.
+
+"_November 29...._ This came into my mind, apropos of reformers
+generally: 'Dost thou so carry thy light as to throw it upon _thyself_,
+or upon thy _theme_?' This appears to me a legitimate question...."
+
+"_December 21._ Put the last touches to my verses for Colonel
+Higginson's eightieth birthday. Maud went with me to the celebration
+held by the Boston Authors' Club at the Colonial Club, Cambridge. T. W.
+H. seemed in excellent condition; I presided as usual. Bliss Perry,
+first speaker, came rather late, but made a very good address. Crothers
+and Dean Hodges followed, also Clement. Judge Grant read a simple,
+strong poem, _very good_, I thought. Then came my jingle, intended to
+relieve the strain of the occasion, which I think it did. Maud says that
+I hit the bull's eye; perhaps I did. Then came a pretty invasion of
+mummers, bearing the gifts of the Club, a fine gold watch and a handsome
+bronze lamp. I presented these without much talk, having said my say in
+the verses, to which, by the bye, Colonel H. responded with some comic
+personal couplets, addressed to myself."
+
+Here is the "jingle."
+
+          Friends! I would not ask to mingle
+          This, my very foolish jingle,
+  With the tributes more decorous of the feast we hold to-day;
+          But the rhymes came, thick and swarming
+          Just like bees when honey's forming,
+  And I could not find a countersign to order them away.
+
+          For around this sixteenth lustre
+          Of our friend's, such memories cluster
+  Of the days that lie behind it, full of glories and regrets,
+          Days that brought their toils and troubles,
+          Lit by some irradiant bubbles
+  Which became prismatic opals in the sun that never sets.
+
+          Picnics have we held together
+          Sailing in the summer weather,
+  Sitting low to taste the chowder on the sands of Newport Bay,
+          And that wonderful charade, sir,
+          You know well, sir, that you made, sir,
+  When so many years of earnest did invite an hour of play.
+
+         *       *       *       *       *
+
+          He shall rank now with the sages
+          Who survive in classic pages,
+  English, German, French and Latin, Greek, so weary to construe;
+          Did he con his Epictetus
+          Ere he came to-night to greet us?
+  He, _aoristos_ in reverence, among the learned few.
+
+          He may climb no more the mountain,
+          But he still employs the fountain
+  Pen from whose incisive point pure Helicon may flow,
+          And his "Yesterdays" so cheerful
+          Charm the world so wild and tearful,
+  And the Devil calls for copy, and he never answers "No."
+
+          Do I speak for everybody,
+          When I utter this rhapsody,
+  To induce our friend to keep his pace in following Life's incline;
+          Never slacken, but come on, sir,
+          Eighty-four years I have won, sir;
+  Still the olive branch shall bless you, still the laurel wreath entwine!
+
+          So, you scribbling youths and lasses,
+          Elders, too, fill high your glasses!
+  Let the toast be Wentworth Higginson, of fourscore years possest;
+          If the Man was good at twenty,
+          He is four times that now, ain't he?
+  We declare him four times excellent, and better than his best.
+
+The early days of 1904 brought "a very severe blizzard. Sent tea to the
+hackmen on Dartmouth Street corner."
+
+She never forgot the hackmen in severe weather.
+
+"They _must_ have something hot!" and tea or coffee would be despatched
+to the shivering men. They were all her friends; the Journal has many
+allusions to "Mr. Dan" Herlihy, the owner of the cab stand, her faithful
+helper through many a season.
+
+"_January 27, 1904._ I was so anxious to attend to-day's [suffrage]
+meeting, and so afraid of Maud's opposition to my going, that my one
+prayer this morning was, 'Help me.' To my utter surprise she did not
+oppose, but went with me and remained until our part of the hearing was
+finished, when she carried me off. I read my little screed, written
+yesterday. When I said, 'Intelligence has no sex, no, gentlemen, nor
+folly either!' laughter resounded, as I meant it should...."
+
+"_March 6._ In the evening to hear 'Elijah' finely given. Some of the
+music brought back to me the desolate scenery of Palestine. It is a very
+beautiful composition.... The alto was frightened at first, coming out
+stronger in 'Woe unto them,' and better still in 'Oh, rest in the Lord.'
+The audience seemed to me sleepy and cold. I really led the applause for
+the alto."
+
+"_March 13._... Wrote to John A. Beal, of Beal's Island, offering to
+send instructive literature to that benighted region, where three
+mountebanks, pretending to teach religion, robbed the simple people and
+excited them to acts of frenzy."
+
+"_March 17._ Mrs. Allen's funeral.... I had a momentary mental vision
+of myself in the Valley of the Shadow, with a splendid champion in full
+armor walking beside me, a champion sent by God to make the dread
+passage easy and safe...."
+
+"_April 2...._ Learned the deaths of X. and Abby Morton Diaz. Poor X.,
+her conduct made her impossible, but I always thought she would send
+flowers to my funeral. Mrs. Diaz is a loss--a high-strung,
+public-spirited woman with an heroic history."
+
+"_April 4._ To the carriage-drivers' ball. They sent a carriage for me
+and I took Mary, the maid.... Mr. Dan was waiting outside for me, as was
+another of the committee who troubled me much, pulling and hauling me by
+one arm, very superfluous. My entrance was greeted with applause, and I
+was led to the high seats, where were two aides of the Governor, Dewey
+and White, the latter of whom remembers Governor Andrew. The opening
+march was very good. I was taken in to supper, as were the two officers
+just mentioned. We had a cozy little talk. I came away at about 10.30."
+
+"_April 14._ Mr. Butcher came to breakfast at nine o'clock. He told me
+about the man Toynbee, whom he had known well. He talked also about
+Greeks and Hebrews, the animosity of race which kept them apart until
+the flourishing of the Alexandrian school, when the Jews greedily
+absorbed the philosophy of the Greeks."
+
+This was Mr. S. H. Butcher, the well-known Greek scholar. She enjoyed
+his visit greatly, and they talked "high and disposedly" of things
+classical and modern.
+
+"_May 28._ My meeting of Women Ministers. They gathered very slowly and
+I feared that it would prove a failure, but soon we had a good number.
+Mary Graves helped me very much.... Afterwards I felt a _malignant_
+fatigue and depression, not caring to do anything."
+
+In June she received the first of her collegiate honors, the degree of
+Doctor of Laws, conferred by Tufts College. This gratified her deeply,
+and she describes the occasion at length, noting that she was "favored
+with the Tufts yell twice."
+
+"Lawrence Evans came, and Harry Hall.... I read the part of my speech
+about which I had hesitated, about our trying to put an end to the
+Turkish horrors. It was the best of the speech. Seeking divine aid
+before I made my remarks, I suddenly said to myself, 'Christ, _my
+brother_!' I never _felt_ it before."
+
+"_June 16._ Maud would not allow me to attend Quincy Mansion School
+Commencement, to my sincere regret. The fatigue of yesterday was
+excessive, and my dear child knew that another such occasion would be
+likely to make me ill. Charles G. Ames came, from whom I first learned
+the death of Mrs. Cheney's sister, Mary Frank Littlehale; the funeral
+set for to-day.... Dear E. D. C. seemed gratified at seeing me and asked
+me to say a few words.... She thanked me very earnestly for what I had
+said, and I at last understood why I had not been allowed to go to
+Quincy. It was more important that I should comfort for a moment the
+bruised heart of my dear friend than that I should be a guest at the
+Quincy Commencement."
+
+"_June 29._ Heard to my sorrow of the death of delightful Sarah Whitman.
+Wrote a little screed for 'Woman's Journal' which I sent...."
+
+In early July, she went to Concord for a memorial meeting in honor of
+Nathaniel Hawthorne.
+
+"_July 11...._ Alice Blackwell, some days ago, wrote beseeching me to
+write to President Roosevelt, begging him to do something for the
+Armenians. I said to myself, 'No, I won't; I am too tired and have done
+enough.' Yesterday's sermon gave me a spur, and this morning I have writ
+the President a long letter, to the effect desired. God grant that it
+may have some result!"
+
+"_July 17._ I despaired of being able to write a poem as requested for
+the Kansas semi-centennial celebration in October, but one line came to
+me: 'Sing us a song of the grand old time!' and the rest followed...."
+
+This poem is printed in "At Sunset."
+
+"_July 21._ Writ ... to Mrs. Martha J. Hosmer, of Rock Point, Oregon,
+who wrote me a kindly meant letter, exhorting me to 'seek the truth and
+live,' and to write to a Mrs. Helen Wilman, eighty-five years old and
+the possessor of some wonderful knowledge which will help me to renew my
+youth...."
+
+"_September 25._ I could not go to church to-day, fearing to increase my
+cold, and not wishing to leave my dear family, so rarely united now.
+Have been reading Abbe Loisy's 'Autour d'un petit Livre,' which is an
+apologetic vindication of his work 'L'Evangile et l'Eglise,' which has
+been put upon the Index [Expurgatorius]. I feel sensibly all differences
+between his apologetic _wobbly_ vindication of the Church of Rome, and
+the sound and firm faith of Thomas Hill."
+
+"_October 2._ Mr. Fitzhugh Whitehouse, having left here a copy of my
+'From Sunset Ridge' for me to furnish with a 'sentiment,' I indited the
+following:--
+
+  From Sunset Ridge we view the evening sky,
+  Blood red and gold, defeat and victory;
+  If in the contest we have failed or won,
+  'Twas ours to live, to strive and so pass on."
+
+"_October 5...._ To Peace Congress, where Albert Smiley was presiding. A
+wonderful feature came in the person of a Hindu religionist, who came to
+plead the cause of the Thibetan Llama. He said that the Thibetans are
+not fighting people: are devoted to religious contemplation, prayer, and
+spiritual life. He spoke valorously of the religions in the East as by
+far the most ancient. 'You call us heathen, but we don't call you
+heathen'; a good point. He concluded by giving to the assemblage a
+benediction in the fashion of his own religion. It was chanted in a
+sweet, slightly musical strain, ending with the repetition of a word
+which he said meant 'peace.' So much was said about peace that I had to
+ask leave for a word, and spoke of justice as that without which peace
+cannot be had.... I said:--
+
+'Mr. President and dear friends, assembled in the blessed cause of
+Peace, let me remind you that there is one word even more holy than
+peace, namely, justice. It is anterior in our intellectual perceptions.
+The impulse which causes men to contend against _in_justice is a divine
+one, deeply implanted in the human breast. It would be wrong to attempt
+to thwart it. I hope that The Hague Tribunal will bear in mind that it
+is sacredly pledged to maintain justice. The brightest intellects, the
+most profound study, should be devoted to the promotion of this end.'
+The Greek bishop met me in the ante-room and said, 'We always pray for
+you.'..."
+
+"_October 9._ I have felt more strongly than ever of late that God is
+the only comforter.... These great serious things were always present to
+work for in days in which I exerted myself to amuse others and myself
+too. It is quite true that I have never given up serious thought and
+study, but I have not made the serious use of my powers which I ought to
+have made. The Peace Congress has left upon my mind a strong impression
+of what the lovers of humanity could accomplish if they were all and
+always in earnest. I seem to hope for a fresh consecration, for
+opportunities truly to serve, and for the continuance of that gift of
+the word which is sometimes granted me."
+
+"_November 12._ I to attend meeting of Council of Jewish Women; say
+something regarding education....
+
+"I was warmly received and welcomed, and recited my 'Battle Hymn' by
+special request. This last gave me an unexpected thrill of satisfaction.
+The president said: 'Dear Mrs. Howe, there is nothing in it to wound
+us.' I had feared that the last verse might trouble them, but it did
+not."
+
+"_November 19._ Was busy trying to arrange bills and papers so as to go
+to Gardiner to-morrow with my Richards son-in-law, when in the late
+afternoon Rosalind told me that dear noble Ednah Cheney had died. This
+caused me much distress. My first word was: 'The house of God is closed!
+Such a friend is indeed a sanctuary to which one might retire for refuge
+from all mean and unworthy things.'
+
+"A luminous intellect, unusual powers of judgment and of sympathy as
+well. She has been a tower of strength to me. I sent word by telephone
+to Charles G. Ames, begging that _her_ hymn might be sung at church
+to-morrow...."
+
+"_November 21._ Dear E. D. C.'s funeral.... I spoke of her faith in
+immortality, which I remember as unwavering. I said: 'No, that lustrous
+soul is not gone down into darkness. It has ascended to a higher light,
+to which our best affections and inspirations may aspire.'"
+
+"_December 25...._ Got out my dearest little Sammy's picture and placed
+it on my mantelshelf. [He was a Christmas child.] Maud and I went to the
+Oratorio, which we enjoyed.... I wondered whether the heavenly ones
+could not enjoy the beautiful music."
+
+"_December 31._ A little festivity.... At supper I was called upon for a
+toast, and after a moment's thought, responded thus:--
+
+  "God grant us all to thrive,
+  And for a twelvemonth to be alive,
+  And every bachelor to wive;
+  And many blessings on the head
+  Of our dear Presidential Ted.
+
+"We saw the year out; a year of grace to me, if ever I had one."
+
+The new year (1905) found her in full health and activity. On its first
+day she writes:--
+
+"I begin this book by thanking God most deeply that He has permitted me
+to see the dawn of this New Year, and by praying that I may not wilfully
+waste one of its precious days. I am now about half through my
+eighty-sixth year and must feel no surprise if the mandate to remove
+should come suddenly or at any time. But while I live, dear Lord, let me
+truly live in energetic thought and rational action. Bless, I pray Thee,
+my own dear family, my blessed country, Christendom, and all mankind.
+This is my daily prayer and I record it here. Is it amiss that in this
+prayer my own people come first? No! for family affection is the
+foundation of all normal human relations. We begin with the Heavenly
+Father and open out to the whole human brotherhood."
+
+"_January 2._ Had an anxious time hunting after my Hawthorne screed to
+read this afternoon before the New England Woman's Club. In my
+perplexity I said: 'Lord, I do not deserve to have You help me find it';
+but the answer seemed to come thus: 'My help is of grace and not
+according to desert'; and I found it at once where I ought to have
+looked for it at first...."
+
+"_January 20...._ You can't do good with a bad action." [Apropos of the
+shot fired at the Czar.]
+
+"The reason why a little knowledge is dangerous is that your conceit of
+it may make you refuse to learn more."
+
+She was writing a paper on Mrs. Stowe and "Uncle Tom's Cabin," and
+worked hard over it. The pace began to tell.
+
+She spoke for the friends of Russian freedom, "a warm speech, almost
+without preparation. I knew that I should find my inspiration in the
+occasion itself. I had almost a spasm of thankfulness to Almighty God
+for the opportunity to speak for such a cause at such a time."
+
+At the suffrage hearing soon after, she "spoke of the force of inertia
+as divinely ordained and necessary, but ordained, too, to be overcome by
+the onward impulse which creates worlds, life, and civilization. Said it
+was this inertia which opposed suffrage, the _dread_ of change inherent
+in masses, material or moral, etc., etc."
+
+Among her winter delights were the "Longy" concerts of instrumental
+music. She writes of one:--
+
+"Was carried away by the delight of the music--all wind instruments. A
+trio of Handel for bassoon and two oboes was most solid and
+beautiful.... I could think of nothing but Shakespeare's 'Tempest' and
+'Midsummer Night's Dream.' The thought that God had set all human life
+and work to music overpowered me, and coming home I had a rhapsody of
+thanksgiving for the wonderful gift...."
+
+The next day came an entertainment in aid of Atlanta University and
+Calhoun School; she "enjoyed this exceedingly, especially the plantation
+songs, which are of profoundest pathos, mixed with overpowering humor.
+It was pleasant, too, to see the audience in which descendants of the
+old anti-slavery folk formed quite a feature. I had worked hard at the
+screed which was, I think, good. Heard interesting reports of mission
+work in our entire South."
+
+At the Authors' Club she met Israel Zangwill, who was "rather
+indifferent" when introduced to her. She thought he probably knew
+nothing about her, and adds,--
+
+"It is good perhaps to be taken down, now and then."
+
+In March she attended a hearing in connection with the School Board.
+"The chair most courteously invited me to speak, saying, 'There is here
+a venerable lady who will hardly be likely to come here again for the
+present discussion, so I shall give her the remaining time.' Whereupon I
+leaped into the arena and said my say."
+
+She had been for some time toiling over a paper on the "Noble Women of
+the Civil War," finding it hard and fatiguing work. On April 5 she
+writes:--
+
+"At 12 M. I had finished my screed on the 'Noble Women of the Civil War'
+which has been my nightmare ever since March 24, when I began it, almost
+despairing of getting it done.... I have written very carefully and have
+had some things to say which may, I hope, do good. I can now take up
+many small tasks which have had to give way to this one...."
+
+"_April 9._ The Greek celebration. The Greek Papa, in full costume,
+intoned the Doxology and the assembly all sang solemn anthems. Michael
+introduced me first. My speech was short, but had been carefully
+prepared. At the request of the Papa I said at the end: '_Zeto ton
+Ellenikon ethnos._' My speech and Greek sentence were much applauded. A
+young Greek lady presented me with a fine bouquet of white carnations
+with blue and white ribbons, the colors of Greece. Sanborn read from
+dear Chev's letters of 1825. Michael spoke at great length, with great
+vehemence and gesticulation. I understood many words, but could only
+guess at the general drift. I imagine that it was very eloquent, as he
+was much applauded."
+
+"_April 30._ Lorin Deland called to talk about the verses which I am to
+write and read at his theatre. The thought of Cassandra seized me. She,
+coming to the house of the Atridae, had a vision of its horrors; I,
+coming to this good theatre, have a vision of the good things which have
+been enjoyed there and which shall still be enjoyed. Wrote down some
+five or six lines, 'lest I forget.'"
+
+Mr. and Mrs. Deland were among her best friends of the second
+generation. Indeed, there was such a sympathy and comprehension between
+her and "Margaret" that the latter playfully declared herself a daughter
+abandoned in infancy, and was wont to sign herself, "Your doorstep
+Brat"!
+
+"_May 5...._ 'Without religion you will never know the real beauty and
+glory of life; you will perceive the discords, but miss the harmony;
+will see the defects, but miss the good in all things.'"
+
+
+In these years an added burden was laid upon her, in the general and
+affectionate desire for her presence on all manner of occasions. The
+firemen must have her at their ball, the Shoe and Leather Trade at their
+banquet, the Paint and Oils Association at their dinner. Their
+festivities would not be complete without her; she loved them, went to
+their parties, had the right word to say, and came home happy, her arms
+full of flowers.
+
+It was all beautiful and heart-warming, but it had to be paid for. May
+10 brought the punishment for this season.
+
+"Annual Woman Suffrage supper. I was to have spoken at this occasion and
+to have recited the poem which I wrote for Castle Square Theatre, but it
+was otherwise ordained. I rose as usual, my head a little misty. A
+mighty blow of vertigo seized me.... The elder Wesselhoeft pronounced it
+a 'brain fag,' not likely to have serious results, but emphatically a
+_warning_ not to abuse further my nervous strength. Got up in afternoon
+and finished 'Villa Claudia'; was bitterly sad at disappointing the
+suffragists and Deland."
+
+Dr. Wesselhoeft was asked on this occasion why, at her age, so severe an
+attack as this had not resulted in paralysis. "Because," he replied,
+"she brought to receive it the strength of forty years of age!"
+
+Sure enough, the next day she felt as if her "nervous balance was very
+well restored," and in a week she was at work again.
+
+"_May 18...._ In the evening had word of a Decoration Day poem needed.
+At once tried some lines."
+
+"_May 19._ Doubted much of my poem, but wrote it, spending most of the
+working hours over it; wrote and rewrote, corrected again and again.
+Julia Richards mailed it at about 4 P.M.... Just as I went to bed I
+remembered that in the third verse of my poem I had used the words
+'tasks' and 'erect' as if they rhymed. This troubled me a good deal. My
+prayer was, 'God help the fool.'"
+
+"_May 20._ My trouble of mind about the deficient verse woke me at 6.30
+A.M. I tossed about and wondered how I could lie still until 7.30, my
+usual time for rising. The time passed somehow. I could not think of any
+correction to make in my verse. Hoped that I should find that I had not
+written it as I feared. When I came to look at it, there it was.
+Instantly a line with a proper rhyme presented itself to my mind. To add
+to my trouble I had lost the address to which I had sent the poem. My
+granddaughter, Julia Richards, undertook to interview the Syndicate by
+long-distance telephone, and, failing this, to telegraph the new line
+for me. So I left all in her hands. When I returned, she met me with a
+smile and said, 'It is all right, Grandmother.' She had gone out, found
+a New York directory, guessed at the Syndicate, got the correspondent,
+and put her in possession of the new line. I was greatly relieved. I
+have been living lately with work running after me all the time. Must
+now have a breathing spell. Have still my 'Simplicity' screed to
+complete."
+
+
+The Authors' Club celebrated her eighty-sixth birthday by a charming
+festival, modelled on the Welsh Eistedfodd, "at which every bard of that
+nation brought four lines of verse--a sort of four-leaved clover--to his
+chief."[146] Sixty quatrains made what she calls "an astonishing
+testimonial of regard." Colonel Higginson, who presided most charmingly,
+read many of these tributes aloud, and the Birthday Queen responded in a
+rhyme scribbled hastily the day before. Here are a few of the tributes,
+together with her "reply":--
+
+EISTEDFODD
+
+  Each bard of Wales, who roams the kingdom o'er
+  Each year salutes his chief with stanzas four;
+  Behold us here, each bearing verse in hand
+  To greet the four-leaved clover of our band.
+
+                                     THOMAS WENTWORTH HIGGINSON.
+
+  [146] T. W. Higginson, _The Outlook_, January 26, 1907.
+
+
+FIVE O'CLOCK WITH THE IMMORTALS
+
+  The Sisters Three who spin our fate
+  Greet Julia Ward, who comes quite late;
+  How Greek wit flies! They scream with glee,
+  Drop thread and shears, and make the tea.
+
+                                                  E. H. CLEMENT.
+
+
+  If man could change the universe
+  By force of epigrams in verse,
+  He'd smash some idols, I allow,
+  But who would alter Mrs. Howe?
+
+                                                   ROBERT GRANT.
+
+
+  Dot oldt Fader Time must be cutting some dricks,
+  Vhen he calls our goot Bresident's age eighty-six.
+  An octogeranium! Who would suppose?
+  My dear Mrs. Julia Ward Howe der time goes!
+
+                          YAWCOB STRAUSS (CHARLES FOLLEN ADAMS).
+
+
+  You, who are of the spring,
+  To whom Youth's joys must cling.
+  May all that Love can give
+  Beguile you long to live--
+        Our Queen of Hearts.
+
+                                        LOUISE CHANDLER MOULTON.
+
+
+MRS. HOWE'S REPLY
+
+  Why, bless you, I ain't nothing, nor nobody, nor much,
+  If you look in your Directory, you'll find a thousand such;
+  I walk upon the level ground, I breathe upon the air,
+  I study at a table, and reflect upon a chair.
+
+  I know a casual mixture of the Latin and the Greek,
+  I know the Frenchman's _parlez-vous_, and how the Germans speak;
+  Well can I add, and well subtract, and say twice two is four,
+  But of those direful sums and proofs remember nothing more.
+
+  I wrote a pretty book one time, and then I wrote a play,
+  And a friend who went to see it said she fainted right away.
+  Then I got up high to speculate upon the Universe,
+  And folks who heard me found themselves no better and no worse.
+
+  Yes, I've had a lot of birthdays and I'm growing very old,
+  That's why they make so much of me, if once the truth were told.
+  And I love the shade in summer, and in winter love the sun,
+  And I'm just learning how to live, my wisdom's just begun.
+
+  Don't trouble more to celebrate this natal day of mine,
+  But keep the grasp of fellowship which warms us more than wine.
+  Let us thank the lavish hand that gives world beauty to our eyes,
+  And bless the days that saw us young, and years that make us wise.
+
+
+"_May 27._ My eighty-sixth birthday. I slept rather late, yesterday
+having been eminently a 'boot-and-saddle' day.... The Greeks, mostly
+working-people, sent me a superb leash of roses with a satin ribbon
+bearing a Greek inscription. My visitors were numerous, many of them the
+best friends that time has left me. T. W. H. was very dear. My dear ones
+of the household bestirred themselves to send flowers, according to my
+wishes, to the Children's Hospital and to Charles Street Jail."
+
+"_May 28._... A great box of my birthday flowers ornamented the pulpit
+of the church. They were to be distributed afterwards to the
+Sunday-School children, some to the Primary Teachers' Association; a
+bunch of lilies of the valley to Reverend Hayward's funeral to-morrow. I
+suddenly bethought me of Padre Roberto, and with dear Laura's help sent
+him a box of flowers for his afternoon service, with a few lines of
+explanation, to which I added the motto: '_Unus deus, una fides, unum
+baptisma._' This filled full the cup of my satisfaction regarding the
+disposal of the flowers. They seemed to me such sacred gifts that I
+could not bear merely to enjoy them and see them fade. Now they will not
+fade for me."
+
+
+Among the many "screeds" written this season was one on "The Value of
+Simplicity," which gave her much trouble. She takes it to pieces and
+rewrites it, and afterwards is "much depressed; no color in anything."
+From Gardiner she "writes to Sanborn" for the Horatian lines she wishes
+to quote. ("Whenever," she said once to Colonel Higginson, "I want to
+find out about anything difficult, I always write to Sanborn!" "Of
+course!" replied Higginson. "We all do!" At this writing the same course
+is pursued, there is reason to believe, by many persons in many
+countries.)
+
+It is remembered that in these days when she was leaving Gardiner at the
+last moment she handed Laura a note. It read, "Be sure to rub the knee
+thoroughly night and morning!"
+
+"Why," she was asked, "did I not have this a week ago?"
+
+"I hate to be rubbed!" she said.
+
+"_July 1. Oak Glen_.... Found a typed copy of my 'Rest' sermon,
+delivered in our own church, twelve years ago. Surely preaching has been
+my greatest privilege and in it I have done some of my best work."
+
+"_July 2_. Unusually depressed at waking. Feared that I might be visited
+by 'senile melancholia' against which I shall pray with all my might....
+Began Plato's 'Laws.'"
+
+Plato seems to have acted as a tonic, for on the same day she writes to
+her daughter-in-law, expressing her joy in "Harry's" latest honor, the
+degree of Doctor of Laws conferred by Harvard College:--
+
+                     _To Mrs. Henry Marion Howe_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 2, 1905.
+
+Thanks very much for your good letter, giving me such a gratifying
+account of the doings at Harvard on Commencement Day. I feel quite moved
+at the thought of my dear son's receiving this well-merited honor from
+his _alma mater_. It shows, among other things, how amply he has
+retrieved his days of boyish mischief. This is just what his dear father
+did. I think you must both have had a delightful time. How did our H. M.
+H. look sitting up in such grave company? I hope he has not lost his old
+twinkle. I am very proud and glad....
+
+
+She was indeed proud of all her son's honors; of any success of child or
+grandchild; yet she would pretend to furious jealousy. "I see your book
+is praised, Sir!" (or, "Madam!") "It probably does not deserve it. H'm!
+nobody praises _my_ books!" etc., etc. And all the time her face so
+shining with pleasure and tenderness under the sternly bended brows that
+the happy child needed no other praise from any one.
+
+"_July 23_.... I feel to-day the isolation consequent upon my long
+survival of the threescore and ten apportioned as the term of human
+life. Brothers and sisters, friends and fellow-workers, many are now in
+the silent land. I am praying for some good work, paying work, so that I
+may efficiently help relatives who need help, and good causes whose
+demand for aid is constant...."
+
+"_July 24_. To-day Harry and Alice Hall have left me with their two dear
+children. I have had much delight with baby Frances, four months old....
+I pray that I may be able to help these children. I looked forward to
+their visit as a kindness to them and their parents, but it has been a
+great kindness to me...."
+
+"_September 5_. Some bright moments to-day. At my prayer a thought of
+the divine hand reaching down over the abyss of evil to rescue
+despairing souls!..."
+
+"_September 19_. Dear Flossy and Harry left. I shall miss them
+dreadfully. She has taken care of me these many weeks and has been most
+companionable and affectionate. My dear boy was as ever very sweet and
+kind...."
+
+"_September 22_. Have puzzled much about my promised screed for the
+'Cosmopolitan' on 'What would be the Best Gift to the People of the
+Country?' As I got out of bed it suddenly occurred to me as 'the glory
+of having promoted recognition of human brotherhood.' This must include
+'Justice to Women.' I meant to tackle the theme at once, but after
+breakfast a poem came to me in the almost vulgar question, 'Does your
+Mother know you're out?' I had to write this, also a verse or two in
+commemoration of Frederic L. Knowles, a member of our Authors' Club, who
+has just passed away."
+
+"_September 25_.... I must have got badly chilled this morning, for my
+right hand almost refuses to guide the pen. I tried several times to
+begin a short note to David Hall, but could not make distinct letters.
+Then I forced myself to pen some rough draft and now the pen goes
+better, but not yet quite right. I had the same experience last winter
+once. I suppose that I have overtired my brain; it is a warning...."
+
+"_October 5_.... I had a moment of visioning, in which I seemed to see
+Christ on the cross refusing to drink the vinegar and gall, and myself
+to reach up a golden cup containing 'the love pledge of humanity.'
+Coming home I scrawled the verses before lying down to rest."[147]
+
+  [147] These verses are printed in At Sunset, under the title of
+  "Humanity," and at the head of chapter XI of this volume.
+
+"_October 9_. After a week of painful anxiety I learn to-day that my
+screed for the 'Cosmopolitan' is accepted. I felt so persuaded to the
+contrary that I delayed to open the envelope until I had read all my
+other letters...."
+
+"_October 25_. Meeting of Boston Authors' Club.... Worked all the
+morning at sorting my letters and papers.... Laura, Maud, and I drove
+out to Cambridge. I had worked hard all the morning, but had managed to
+put together a scrap of rhyme in welcome of Mark Twain. A candle was lit
+for me to read by, and afterwards M. T. jumped upon a chair and made
+fun, some good, some middling, for some three quarters of an hour. The
+effect of my one candle lighting up his curly hair was good and my rhyme
+was well received.
+
+  "_Mark_ the gracious, welcome guest,
+  Master of heroic jest;
+  He who cheers man's dull abodes
+  With the laughter of the gods;
+  To the joyless ones of earth
+  Sounds the reveille of mirth.
+
+  "Well we meet, to part with pain,
+  But ne'er shall _he_ and _we_ be Twain."
+
+"_December 5. Gardiner, Maine._ On coming to breakfast found a note from
+dearest Maud, saying that she would sail this day for Spain. Was much
+overcome by this intelligence, yet felt that it was on the whole best.
+The day passed rather heavily, the relish seemed gone from everything."
+
+"_December 6. Boston_.... Reaching home I lay down to rest, but the
+feeling of Maud's departure so overpowered me that I got up and went
+about, crying out: 'I can't stand it!' I soon quieted down, being
+comforted by my dear Laura, Julia, and Betty, but could not sleep until
+bedtime, when I slept soundly."
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XIV
+
+"THE SUNDOWN SPLENDID AND SERENE"
+
+1906-1907; _aet._ 87-88
+
+HYMN FOR THE INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF RELIGIOUS LIBERALS
+
+_Held in Boston, 1907_
+
+  Hail! Mount of God, whereon with reverent feet
+  The messengers of many nations meet;
+  Diverse in feature, argument, and creed,
+  One in their errand, brothers in their need.
+
+  Not in unwisdom are the limits drawn
+  That give far lands opposing dusk and dawn;
+  One sun makes bright the all-pervading air,
+  One fostering spirit hovers everywhere.
+
+  So with one breath may fervent souls aspire,
+  With one high purpose wait the answering fire.
+  Be this the prayer that other prayers controls,--
+  That light divine may visit human souls.
+
+  The worm that clothes the monarch spins no flaw,
+  The coral builder works by heavenly law;
+  Who would to Conscience rear a temple pure
+  Must prove each stone and seal it, sound and sure.
+
+  Upon one steadfast base of truth we stand,
+  Love lifts her sheltering walls on either hand;
+  Arched o'er our head is Hope's transcendent dome,
+  And in the Father's heart of hearts our home.
+
+                                                   J. W. H.
+
+
+"I pray for many things this year. For myself, I ask continued health of
+mind and body, work, useful, honorable, remunerative, as it shall please
+God to send; for my dear family, work of the same description with
+comfortable wages, faith in God, and love to each other; for my
+country, that she may keep her high promise to mankind; for Christendom,
+that it may become more Christ-like; for the struggling nationalities,
+that they may attain to peace and justice."
+
+"Such a wonderful dream in the early morning. I was in some rural region
+alone; the clear blue sky was over my head. I looked up and said, 'I am
+fed from God's table. I am sheltered under His roof.' While I still felt
+this joy, a lone man, passing by, broke into a complaint on the hardness
+of things. I wanted in my dream to call him back, but he passed too
+rapidly. I still see in my 'mind's eye' that blue sky and the lone man
+passing by, I still recall the thrill of that meditation, literally in
+Dreamland, as I was quite asleep when it visited me...."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+The great event of this winter was a trip to Baltimore for a Woman
+Suffrage Convention.
+
+"_February 4._ I had not been able to think of anything to say in
+Baltimore, but this morning it seemed to come to me. I have just written
+out my screed, ... taking a point of view which I do not think I have
+presented before, viz.: that inferior education and restricted activity
+made women the inferiors of men, as naturally as training, education,
+and free agency make civilized men the superior of the savage. I think
+that the dear Lord gave me this screed, which is short and simple
+enough, but, I think, convincing...."
+
+This Convention came near being her last. Tonsillitis was epidemic in
+the city; the halls were draughty; at one meeting a woman with a severe
+cold, a stranger, kissed her effusively. She took the infection, was
+prostrated for some days, and made the return journey while still too
+weak to travel. Florence, who was with her, protested in vain. "I would
+go," she said, "_if the hearse was at the door!_" A serious illness
+followed on her return. A month and more passed before she began to
+regain strength and spirits.[148]
+
+  [148] It may be noted that this epidemic of tonsillitis was actually
+  fatal to Miss Susan B. Anthony, who never recovered from the illness
+  contracted in Baltimore.
+
+"_March 31._ Had a happy lighting up when I lay down for afternoon rest.
+Felt the immensity of God's goodness and took heart for the future."
+
+In April she records "a delightful visit from Robert Collyer,
+accompanied by Annie Fields. I asked him: 'Robert, what is religion?' He
+replied, 'To love God with all one's heart, Christ helping us.' He began
+his prayer last Sunday thus: 'Our Father who art in heaven, on earth,
+and in hell!'"
+
+On April 13, she was "out for the first time since February 14, when I
+returned sick from Baltimore...."
+
+Another week and she was at her church, for the first time since January
+18.
+
+It had been a long and weary time, yet one remembers not so much the
+suffering and confinement as the gayety of it. There was a sigh for the
+Journal, but for the family, and the faithful nurse,--
+
+  "Quips and cranks, and wanton wiles,
+  Nods and becks, and wreathed smiles."
+
+This nurse was known to others as Lucy Voshell, but her patient promptly
+named her "Wollapuk." She was as merry as she was skillful, and the two
+made much fun together. Even when the patient could not speak, she could
+twinkle. As strength gradually returned, the ministrations of Wollapuk
+became positively scenes of revelry; and the anxious guardian below,
+warding off would-be interviewers or suppliants, might be embarrassed to
+hear peals of laughter ringing down the stair.
+
+Early in May she has "young J. W. Hurlburt to dine; a pleasant young
+playwright, grandson to General Hurlburt of the Civil War...."
+
+"I had lent my play of 'Hippolytus' to young Hurlburt to read. He
+brought it back yesterday with so much praise of parts of it as to
+revive the pang which I felt when, Charlotte Cushman and Edwin Booth
+having promised to fill the principal parts, the manager's wife suddenly
+refused to fill her part, and the whole fell through. This with much
+other of my best literary work has remained a dead letter on my own
+shelves. I am glad as well as sad to feel that it deserved better
+treatment."
+
+She had a wheel-chair, and on pleasant days it was her delight to be
+wheeled through the Public Garden, now in full May beauty, to see the
+flowers and the children. She was able to attend several meetings, and
+to write several papers.
+
+"_May 18._ Have read part of the recital of Anna Ticknor's achievement
+in her society to encourage studies at home. Her work is really heroic.
+I wish that I had better understood it. Still I did admire it a great
+deal, but had little idea of the great benevolence and sympathy
+developed in her work, which was a godsend to thousands of women."
+
+"_May 26._ My dear son arrived in the evening to celebrate my birthday.
+He seems well and happy. I was thankful to see him. Flowers kept
+arriving all day."
+
+"_May 27._ Attended church and carried some of my birthday flowers for
+the pulpit.... In the afternoon a beautiful reception which the rain
+kept from being the over-crowd which I had rather feared. Colonel
+Higginson came and gave me some lovely verses written for the occasion.
+William R. Thayer did likewise. Arthur Upson had already sent me some. I
+enjoyed it all very much; dined downstairs with my dear family, who
+drank my health standing. H. M. H., being called upon for a word, said,
+'The dear old girl!' and could not have said better. I thanked and
+blessed them all. We passed the evening together. The Greeks of Boston
+sent splendid red roses and ribbons with motto. The Italians sent
+flowers."
+
+After this she wrote an essay on "How to Keep Young," in which she
+says:--
+
+"Try to keep in touch with the best spirits of your time, with those who
+are raising instead of lowering the tone of the atmosphere in which they
+live.
+
+"Avoid the companionship of those who deride sacred things and are
+inclined to ignore the limits of refinement and good taste.
+
+"Remember that ignoble amusements react upon character.
+
+"Never forget that we grow like to that we contemplate.
+
+"Keep it always in mind that it must be through our own efforts that our
+progress through life shall bring with it the fulfilment of the best
+promise of our youth."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+"_July 2. Oak Glen._ Nurse Voshell, nicknamed by me Wollapuk, left this
+morning. I have become so dependent upon her that I shall miss her very
+much. I have been impatient of having her so long, but now see how very
+helpful she has been to me.
+
+"I began to write a retrospect of my essay on 'Distinctions between
+Philosophy and Religion,' but feel that this will be of little value.
+Oh! that I had taken Dr. Hedge's advice and published these papers soon
+after they were written. As it is I have lost two of the best of them,
+viz.: this one just mentioned and 'Moral Triangulation of the Third
+Party,' in obligations and contrasts."
+
+In these days she met with a grave loss in the death of Michael Anagnos.
+
+"I am deeply grieved at his death, which is a real loss to me and my
+family, and almost irreparable to the Institution which he has served
+nobly with entire devotion and disinterest and has enriched by his great
+and constant efforts. He built three Kindergartens for the blind. God
+rest his soul!
+
+"I pray that my great pain at the death of my son-in-law may inspire me
+to help the blind as I never have helped them!"
+
+"My strength has failed so much of late that my strong love of life
+begins to waver. I should be glad to live to print some of my studies in
+Philosophy, and to have some of my musical compositions taken down by
+dictation."
+
+"_August 31...._ The last day of a summer which brought a serious grief
+in the death of Michael Anagnos, who, ever since my visit to Greece in
+1867, has been an important factor in my life. I am much troubled in the
+effort to compose a poem to be read at the memorial services to be held
+for him in late October...."
+
+A photograph taken at this time shows her sitting in her hooded chair on
+the piazza, her Greek books and her canary beside her, a serene and
+lovely picture. It was so she used to sit every morning. First she read
+her Testament, and a prayer of James Martineau, or some other good
+saint; this she called "taking the altitude"; then she turned to her
+AEschylus or Aristotle.
+
+Before thus settling down, there would be a walk on the piazza, or along
+the highway. Sheltered by a broad hat, the friend of many years, wrapped
+in the "passionate pilgrim," as she named a certain ancient purple
+cloak, leaning on her ebony stick--who that passed that way has not seen
+her? Bits of her talk, as we strolled together, come back to us; as when
+the clouds parted suddenly at the close of a gray day, then shutting in
+again. "Oh!" she cried, "it is like being engaged to the man you love,
+for five minutes!"
+
+"_September 16...._ I had had much hesitation about undertaking to
+speak at Shiloh Baptist Church [colored] this afternoon; but it came to
+me as something which I ought to do, and so I gave the promise, and,
+with some studying, wrote the sermon. The result fully justified the
+effort. I spoke to a large and very attentive congregation, in which a
+number of white outsiders were mingled in with the people of the
+church.... Mrs. Jeter sang my 'Battle Hymn,' the congregation joining in
+the 'Glory Hallelujah.' I then read my screed, which was heard with
+profound attention, one and another crying out at intervals, 'Amen!' and
+'Glory be to God!'... I was very thankful for the good issue of what had
+seemed an almost wild undertaking at eighty-seven years of age."
+
+"_October 23._ Have prayed and worked over the poem for Michael's
+memorial services--think that I have made it as good as I can, but not
+good enough. Alas! I am too old."
+
+She went up to Boston for this meeting in Tremont Temple, which was a
+most impressive one, Greeks and Americans uniting to do honor to a good
+man.
+
+"_October 24...._ I read my verse, my voice serving me very well. Bishop
+Lawrence helped me both to rise and to return to my seat. He made a most
+touching allusion to my dearest dear Julia's devotion to the blind, and
+said where a man was engaged in a noble work there usually rose up a
+noble woman to help him."
+
+"_October 26._ Had a sudden blessed thought this morning, viz.: that the
+'Tabernacle eternal in the heavens' is the eternity of truth and right.
+I naturally desire life after death, but if it is not granted me, I
+have yet a part in the eternal glory of this tabernacle."
+
+"_October 29._ Dear H. M. H. left us this morning, after a short but
+very pleasant visit. He brought here his decorations of his Russian
+order to show us; they are quite splendid. He is the same dear old
+simple music- and mischief-loving fellow, very sensitive for others,
+very modest for himself, and very dear."
+
+"_November 7...._ Prayed _hard_ this morning that my strength fail not."
+
+During this summer, an electric elevator had been put into the Boston
+house, and life was made much easier for her. From this time we became
+familiar with the vision of her that still abides, flitting up or down
+in her gilded car. Watching her ascent, clad in white, a smile on her
+lips, her hand waving farewell, one could only think of "The chariot of
+Israel and the horsemen thereof."
+
+Another good gift was a Victor machine. When the after-dinner reading
+was over, she would say, "Now bring my opera-box!"
+
+The white armchair was wheeled into the passage between the two parlors.
+Here she sat in state, while the great singers poured out their
+treasures before her, while violinist and pianist gave her their best.
+She listened with keen and critical enjoyment, recalling how Malibran
+gave this note, how Grisi and Mario sang that duet. Then she would go to
+the piano and play from memory airs from "Tancredi," "Il Pirata,"
+"Richard Coeur de Lion," and other operas known to us only through
+her. Or she would--always without notes--play the "Barber of Seville"
+almost from beginning to end, with fingers still deft and nimble.
+
+She loved the older operas best. After an air from "Don Giovanni," she
+would say, "Mozart must be in heaven: they could never get on without
+him!" She thought Handel's "Messiah" the most divine point reached by
+earthly music. Beethoven awed and swayed her deeply, and she often
+quoted his utterance while composing, "_Ich trat in der Naehe Gottes!_"
+She thrilled with tender pleasure over Verdi's "_Non ti scordar_," or
+"_Ai nostri monti_," and over "Martha." She enjoyed Chopin "almost too
+much." "He is exquisite," she would say, "but somehow--rotten!"
+
+Among the pleasures of this winter was a visit to New York. She writes
+after it:--
+
+"My last day in my dear son's house. He and Fannie have been devotedly
+kind to me. They made me occupy their room, much to my bodily comfort,
+but to the great disquiet of my mind, as I hated much to inconvenience
+them. My son has now a very eminent position.... God bless the house and
+all in it."
+
+"_December 17._ The Old South Chapter of D.A.R.'s met in the real Old
+South Church; there was much good speaking. I recited my 'Battle Hymn'
+and boasted my descent from General Marion, the Swamp Fox, saying also,
+'When, eluding the vigilance of children and grandchildren, I come to
+such a meeting as this, without a previous promise not to open my lips,
+I think that I show some of the dexterity of my illustrious relative.' I
+also had to spring up and tell them that my grandmother, niece to
+General Marion, gave her flannel petticoat to make cartridges for the
+soldiers of the Revolution."
+
+The path of the guardian (or jailer, as she sometimes put it) was not
+always plain. The wayfaring woman might easily err therein.
+
+After some severe fatigue, convention or banquet, she might say, "This
+is the last time. Never let me do this again!"
+
+Thereupon a promise would be exacted and made. The fatigue would pass
+and be forgotten, and the next occasion be joyously prepared for.
+
+"You told me not to let you go!" the poor jailer would say.
+
+"Oh, I didn't mean it!"
+
+"But you promised!"
+
+"That was two weeks ago. Two weeks is a long time for me to keep a
+promise!"
+
+If the jailer still persisted, she played her last card and took the
+trick.
+
+"I can't talk about it. You tire my head!"
+
+Now and then Greek met Greek. One snowy afternoon she encountered the
+resident granddaughter, cloaked and hooded, preparing to brave the
+storm.
+
+"Dear child," said the grandmother, "I do not often use authority with
+you young people, but this time I must. I cannot allow you to go out in
+this blizzard!"
+
+"Dearest grandmother," replied the maiden, "_where are you going
+yourself_?"
+
+There was no reply. The two generations dissolved in laughter, and
+started out together.
+
+She bids farewell to 1906 as "dear Year that hast brought me so many
+comforts and pleasures!" and thus hails the New Year:--
+
+"I earnestly pray for God's blessing on this year!... I might possibly
+like one more European journey to see the Gallery at Madrid, and the
+chateaux of Touraine, but I do not ask it, as I may have more important
+occupation for my time and money.... _Du reste_, the dear Father has
+done so much better for me, in many ways, than I have ingenuity to wish,
+that I can only say, 'Thy will be done, only desert me not.'"
+
+She determines "at last to be more prompt in response to letters and
+bills. I am now apt to lose sight of them, to my great inconvenience and
+that of other people."
+
+It was pain to her to destroy even a scrap of paper that bore writing:
+the drifts of notes and letters grew higher and higher among the piles
+of books, new and old. The books were not all her own choice. Many a
+firstling of verse found its way to her, inscribed with reverent or
+loving words by the author. Would Mrs. Howe send a few lines of
+appreciation or criticism? She would; mostly she did. She wrote in the
+autograph albums, and on the pieces of silk and cotton for "autograph
+quilts": she signed the photographs: she tried to do everything they
+asked.
+
+"_January 11._ Having hammered at some verses for General Lee, when I
+lay down to rest a perfect flood of rhymes seized me. Nonsense verses
+for to-morrow's festival; there seemed to be no end to them. I scrawled
+some of them down as it was late and dark. Sanborn to dine--unexpected,
+but always welcome."
+
+"_January 12._ Copied and completed my lines for the evening. Found a
+large assemblage of members and invited guests [of the Authors' Club]; a
+dais and chair prepared for me, Colonel Higginson standing on my right.
+Many presentations--Gilder and Clyde Fitch, Owen Wister, Norman Hapgood.
+Aldrich [T. B.] took me in to dinner and sat on my right, Hon. John D.
+Long on my left; next beyond A. sat Homans Womans.[149] I despaired of
+making my jingle tell in so large and unfamiliar a company. At last I
+took courage and read it, bad as I thought it. To my surprise, it told,
+and created the merriment which had been my object so far as I had any.
+My 'Battle Hymn' was sung finely by a male quartette. Colonel Higginson
+and I were praised almost out of our senses. A calendar, got up with
+much labor, was presented to each of us."
+
+  [149] Mrs. Charles Homans.
+
+"_January 13._ To church, to take down my vanity after last evening's
+laudations...."
+
+"_January 15._ Made a final copy of my lines on Robert E. Lee,--read
+them to Rosalind--the last line drew a tear from each of us, so I
+concluded that it would do and sent it.
+
+"To Tuesday Club, where the effort which I made to hear speakers tired
+my head badly. Themes: 'Whether and how to teach Ethics in Public
+Schools'; also, 'The English Education Bill.' Socrates having been
+mentioned as an exemplar, I suddenly cried out that I thought he did
+wrong to stay and suffer by unjust laws and popular superstition. A
+first-class American would have got away and would have fought those
+people to the bitter death. This fiery little episode provoked laughter,
+and several privately told me they were glad of it."
+
+"_January 25...._ Read Colonel Higginson's account of me in the
+'Outlook.' Wrote him a note of thanks, saying that he has written
+beautifully, with much tact and kindness. It remains true that he has
+not much acquaintance with the serious side of my life and character, my
+studies of philosophy, etc. He has described what he has seen of me and
+has certainly done it with skill and with a most kind intention."
+
+She said of the Colonel's paper, "He does not realize that my _life_ has
+been here, the four walls of my room."
+
+"_February 5...._ Began a sermon on the text, 'I saw Satan like
+lightning fall from heaven.'..."
+
+"_February 6._ Wrote a good bit on the sermon begun yesterday--the theme
+attracts me much. If I give it, I will have Whittier's hymn sung: 'Oh!
+sometimes gleams upon our sight--'
+
+"Wrote to thank Higginson for sending me word that I am the first woman
+member of the society of American Authors...."
+
+"_February 14._ Luncheon at 3 Joy Street.... My seat was between T. W.
+H. and President Eliot, with whom I had not spoken in many years. He
+spoke to me at once and we shook hands and conversed very cordially. I
+had known his father quite well--a lover of music, who had much to do
+with the early productions of Beethoven's Symphonies in Boston,
+collecting money in aid of the undertaking. President Eliot made a good
+speech for Berea; others followed.... When my name was called, I had
+already a good thought to express."
+
+"_February 18._ To N.E.W.C., where Colonel Higginson and I spoke of
+Longfellow; I from long and intimate acquaintance, he from a literary
+point of view. He said, I thought rightly, that we are too near him to
+be able to judge his merits as a poet; time must test them."
+
+"_February 27...._ In evening went with the Jewett sisters to the
+celebration of Longfellow's Centennial. I had copied my verses written
+for the first Authors' Reading _in re_ Longfellow, rather hoping that I
+might be invited to read them. This did not happen. I had had no reason
+to suppose that it would, not having been thereunto invited. Had a seat
+on the platform among the poet's friends, myself one of the oldest of
+them. It seemed as if I could hardly hold my tongue, which, however, I
+did. I remembered that God has given me many opportunities of speaking
+my thoughts. If He withheld this one I am bound to suppose it was for
+the best. I sat on the platform, where Sarah Jewett and I were the only
+women in the charmed circle.
+
+"Item. The audience rose and greeted me as I ascended to the platform at
+Sanders Theatre."
+
+She could not bear to be "left out"; indeed, she rarely was. In this one
+respect she was, perhaps, the "spoiled child" that she sometimes called
+herself.
+
+March brought a new pleasure, in seeing and meeting Novelli, the great
+Italian actor.
+
+"_March 14._ The banquet of the Circolo at Lombardy Inn.... My seat was
+at the head of the table with Novelli on my right and Tosti, the consul,
+on my left. Had some pleasant talk with each. Then I had a good
+inspiration for part of my speech, in which I mentioned the egg used by
+Columbus, and made to stand, to show that things held to be impossible
+often proved possible. I said that out of this egg 'was hatched the
+American Eagle.' Madame Novelli shed tears at this, and Novelli kissed
+my hand. The Italian servants listened eagerly to all the speaking, and
+participated in the applause. President Geddes, Secretary Jocelyn, and
+others spoke well and rather briefly. Dear Padre Roberto was really
+eloquent."
+
+"_March 16...._ In the evening to see Novelli in 'Morte Civile'; his
+personation wonderfully fine, surpassing even Salvini in the part...."
+
+"_March 17...._ Went to South Boston to say a word at the presentation
+of dear Michael's portrait to the Perkins Institution by the Howe
+Memorial Club.... Also had a wonderful fit of verse--wrote two sonnets
+to Dante and a versification of my conceit about the hatching of the
+American Eagle from the egg of Columbus."
+
+"_March 23._ A 'boot-and-saddle' day.... I found that my Authors' Club
+will meet to-day in Cambridge. Higginson telephoned, asking me to speak
+of Aldrich; I asked permission to leave the College Club after the
+speaking. Ordered a carriage at 4.30, sprang into it, and reached the
+Authors' meeting in good time to say something about Aldrich.... Found a
+man who has studied the Berber races in Africa. Had a good talk with
+him. Came home dreadfully tired. To bed by 9.30. At the College Club I
+said that to give women the vote in this State would not double the
+illiterate vote--proposed a census of comparative illiteracy of the
+sexes in Massachusetts at least."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+We had long besought her to have her musical compositions written down,
+and now this was done in part. Once or twice a week Mr. John M. Loud
+came to the house and took down her melodies, she singing and playing
+them to him. She always enjoyed the hour with the young composer. A
+number of the melodies thus preserved were published in a "Song Album"
+by G. Schirmer some months later.
+
+"_April 8._ Great trouble of mind about attending the Peace Convention
+in New York, which I have promised to do. Laura dead against it,
+reinforced by Wesselhoeft, Sr., who pronounces it dangerous for me. I at
+last wrote to ask my dear minister about it."
+
+"_April 9...._ A violent snowstorm keeps me at home. Minister and wife
+write, 'Don't go to Peace Convention.' I asked God in my prayer this
+morning to make going possible or impossible for me. I took C. G. A.'s
+letter as making it impossible, as I had decided to abide by his
+decision. Wrote a letter of explanation to Anna Garlin Spencer. I am
+much disappointed, but it is a relief not to cause Laura such painful
+anxiety as she would have felt if I had decided to go. She wept with
+joy when I gave it up. We had a very pleasant dinner party for the
+Barrett Wendells with their friends, Professor Ames, of Berkeley
+University, California, 'Waddy' Longfellow, Charles Gibson, Laura,
+Betty, and I."
+
+She sent a letter to the Convention, which was read by Florence. In
+this, after recalling her Peace Crusade of 1872, she said:--
+
+"Here and there, a sisterly voice responded to my appeal, but the
+greater number said: 'We have neither time nor money that we can call
+our own. We cannot travel, we cannot meet together.' And so my intended
+Peace Congress of Women melted away like a dream, and my final meeting,
+held in the world's great metropolis, did not promise to lead to any
+important result.
+
+"What has made the difference between that time and this? New things, so
+far as women are concerned, viz.: the higher education conceded to them,
+and the discipline of associated action, with which later years have
+made them familiar. Who shall say how great an element of progress has
+existed in this last clause? Who shall say what fretting of personal
+ambition has become merged in the higher ideal of service to the State
+and to the world? The noble army of women which I saw as a dream, and to
+which I made my appeal, has now come into being. On the wide field where
+the world's great citizens band together to uphold the highest interests
+of society, women of the same type employ their gifts and graces to the
+same end. Oh, happy change! Oh, glorious metamorphosis! In less than
+half a century the conscience of mankind has made its greatest stride
+toward the control of human affairs. The women's colleges and the
+women's clubs have had everything to do with the great advance which we
+see in the moral efficiency of our sex. These two agencies have been
+derided and decried, but they have done their work.
+
+"If a word of elderly counsel may become me at this moment, let me say
+to the women here assembled: Do not let us go back from what we have
+gained. Let us, on the contrary, press ever forward in the light of the
+new knowledge, of the new experience. If we have rocked the cradle, if
+we have soothed the slumbers of mankind, let us be on hand at their
+great awakening to make steadfast the peace of the world!"
+
+She was glad afterward that she had not gone; but a significant
+corollary to the matter appears on April 25:--
+
+"Providence--a pleasant trip, made possible by dear Laura's departure."
+
+(That is, "dear Laura" knew nothing about it till afterward. How often
+we recalled the old Quaker's saying to her, "It was borne in upon me at
+an early period that if I told no one what I intended to do, I should be
+enabled to do it!")
+
+In the last week of April ("dear Laura" being still absent) she spoke
+four times in public, on four successive days. These addresses were at
+the Kindergarten for the Blind ("I missed the snap which Michael's
+presence was wont to give; I spoke praise of him to the children, as one
+to be held in dear remembrance; to the visitors, as having left the
+public a sacred legacy in these schools, which he created with so much
+labor"), at Faneuil Hall, a meeting about Old Home Week, at the West
+Newton High School, and at Providence. On the fifth day she was at the
+Wintergreen Club, answering the question, "What is the Greatest Evil of
+the Present Day?"--"False estimates of values, vehement striving for
+what hinders rather than helps our spiritual development."
+
+After this bout she was glad to rest a day or two, but in another week
+was ready for the Woman Suffrage Festival. "I to open it, evening,
+Faneuil Hall. A day of rushing. Lady Mary and Professor Gilbert Murray
+to breakfast 9 A.M., which I much enjoyed. Then my little music man, who
+took three tunes; then a snatch at preparation for the evening's
+exercises. Jack and Elizabeth Chapman in the afternoon. At 4.45 got a
+little rest and sleep. At 5.40 drove to Faneuil Hall, which I found not
+so full as sometimes. Thought miserably of my speech. Light to read it
+very dim. I called to order, introduced Mr. White and the ladies'
+quartette, then read my poor little scribble.... I was thankful to get
+through my part, and my speech in print wasn't bad at all."
+
+In May she preached at the Church of the Disciples.
+
+"A culmination of anxiety for this day, desired and yet dreaded. My head
+growled a little at waking, but not badly. My voice seemed all right,
+but how about the matter of my sermon? Was it all worth while, and on
+Whitsunday too? I wore my white cashmere dress. Laura went with me to
+church. C. G. A. was there. As he led me to the pulpit, the
+congregation rose. The service was very congenial and calming to my
+anxiety. I read the sermon quite audibly from beginning to end. It was
+listened to with profound attention, if I may say so."
+
+"_May 20...._ Marion Crawford arrived soon after three for a little
+visit. He looks greatly improved in health since I last saw him. He must
+have passed through some crisis and come out conqueror. He has all his
+old charm...."
+
+She was lamenting the death of her cousin and childhood playfellow, Dr.
+Valentine Mott Francis, when "a much greater affliction" fell upon her
+in the death of her son-in-law, David Prescott Hall. "This hurts me,"
+she writes, "like a physical pain."
+
+
+                          _To Florence_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 3, 1907.
+
+MY DEAREST DEAR FLOSSY,--
+
+You are quite right in saying that we greatly need the consoling belief
+in a future life to help us bear the painful separation which death
+brings. Surely, the dear Christ believed in immortality, and promised it
+to faithful souls. I have myself derived great comfort from this belief,
+although I must confess that I know nothing about it. You may remember
+what [Downer] said to your dear father: "I don't know anything about it,
+but Jesus Christ certainly believed in immortality, and I pin my faith
+on him, and _run for luck_."... Alice and her trio of babes came safe to
+hand this morning. Frances at once began to spread the gravel from
+outdoors on the best staircase, but desisted when forbidden to do
+so.... Farewell, dearest child. You have had a grievous loss, and will
+feel it more and more. We must trust in God, and take our sorrows
+believing in the loving fatherhood. Maud writes me that she suffers an
+_irreparable_ loss in dear David's death....
+
+                                                Your loving
+                                                         MOTHER.
+
+Much work was on hand this summer: a poem for Old Home Week in Boston,
+another for the Cooperstown Centennial, a paper on the "Elegant
+Literature of Fifty Years Since," one for the "Delineator" on "The Three
+Greatest Men I Have Known." These were Ralph Waldo Emerson, Theodore
+Parker, and Dr. Howe. She spent much time and pains on this article. She
+read Elliot Cabot's "Life of Emerson," which she thought "certainly a
+good piece of work, but deficient, it seems to me, in the romantic
+sympathy which is the true interpretation of Emerson and of all his
+kind."
+
+She "hammered" hard on the two poems, with good results.
+
+"_July 14._ I can hardly believe it, but my miserable verses, re-read
+to-day, seemed quite possible, if I can have grace to fill out their
+sketchiness. Last word ton-ight: I think I have got a poem. _Nil
+desperandum!_"
+
+"_July 24._ Difficult to exaggerate the record of my worry this morning.
+I feel a painful uncertainty about going to Boston to read my poem for
+Old Home Week. Worse than this is my trouble about two poems sent me
+while in Boston, with original music, to be presented to the committee
+for Home Week, which I have entirely forgotten and neglected. To do this
+was far from my intention, but my old head fairly gave out in the
+confusion of the various occasions in which I was obliged to take an
+active part."
+
+She yielded to entreaty and stayed at home, and was rewarded by "a most
+gratifying letter from Edward Everett Hale, telling me that Josiah
+Quincy read my poem with real feeling, and that it was warmly received."
+
+"My prayer is answered. I have lived to see my dear girl again.... I
+give thanks earnestly and heartily, but seem for a time paralyzed by her
+presence."
+
+With the early autumn came a great pleasure in a visit to the new "Green
+Peace," the house which her son had built at Bedford Hills, New York.
+She was delighted with the house and garden; the Journal tells of all
+manner of pleasant gayeties.
+
+"_September 12._ Fannie had a luncheon party even pleasanter than
+yesterday's. Rev. Mr. Luquer is a grandson of Dominick Lynch, who used
+to come to my father's house in my childhood and break my heart by
+singing 'Lord Ullin's Daughter.' I remember creeping under the piano
+once to hide my tears. He sang all the Moore melodies with great
+expression.... This, his descendant, looks a good deal like him. Was
+bred a lawyer. My good Uncle Cutler twice asked him whether he would
+study for the ministry. He said, 'No.' My uncle said the second time,
+'What shall it profit a man if he gain the whole world and lose his own
+soul?' This word, he told me, came back to him. ... Worked a good deal
+on my poem. At least thought and thought much, and altered a little."
+
+This was the poem which prefaces this chapter and which was written for
+the forthcoming Unitarian Convention in Boston. She had been at work on
+it for some time, first "_trying to try for it_," and later "hammering"
+and polishing with great care. "It came to me like a flash," she says,
+"but had to be much thought over and corrected." And again, "It was
+given to me something as was my 'Battle Hymn.'..."
+
+"_October 25._ Wrote to a very bumptious child, thirteen years old, who
+proffers me her friendship and correspondence, claiming to have written
+poems and magazine contributions praised by 'noted authors.' I sent her
+back her letter, with three or four corrections and a little advice,
+kindly meant, but which may not be so taken.... She will probably turn
+and rend me, but I really felt it might do her good."
+
+"_November 14. Gardiner._ A good meditation. The sense of God in the
+universe seems to be an attribute of normal humanity. We cannot think of
+our own personal identity without at the same time imagining a greater
+self from which we derive. This idea may be crude and barbarous, great
+minds have done much to make it otherwise; Christ most of all with His
+doctrine of divine love, providence, and forgiveness. The idea of a life
+beyond this one seems also to appertain to normal humanity. We had best
+accept this great endowment which philosophy seeks to analyze much as a
+boy will take a watch to pieces, but cannot put it together again so
+that it will work."
+
+"_November 15._ Another long sitting and meditation. What have
+individual philosophers done for religion? As I recall what I could
+learn of the Kantian philosophy, I think that it principally taught the
+limitations of human knowledge, correcting thereby the assumptions of
+systems of thought and belief to _absolute_ authority over the thinker
+and believer. He calls conscience 'the categorical imperative'; but that
+term in no wise explains either the origin or authority of the moral
+law. His rule of testing the rectitude of the act by the way in which,
+if it were made universal, it would affect the well-being of society, is
+useful, but simply pragmatic, not in William James's sense. The German
+idealism, the theory by which we evolve or create all that occupies our
+senses and our mind, appears to me a monstrous expanse of egotism. No
+doubt, dialectics serve as mental athletics, and speculative thought may
+be useful as an exercise of the mental powers; but processes which may
+be useful in this way might be very unfit to be held as permanent
+possessions of persuasion. It occurs to me that it might be more blessed
+to help the souls in hell than to luxuriate with saints in heaven."
+
+"_November 20. Boston._ Began my screed on the 'Joys of Motherhood' for
+the 'Delineator.' Wrote _currente calamo_...."
+
+"_November 23._ Rather an off day. Found T. W. Higginson's little volume
+of verses, presented to me on my seventieth birthday, and read a good
+deal in it. When the Colonel gave it to me, he read a little poem,
+'Sixty and Six,' very charmingly. Seems to me that I ought to have read
+this little book through long before this time. One of the sweetest
+poems in it is about the blue-eyed baby that they lost after some six
+weeks' happy possession. I sent a pretty little baby wreath for it,
+feeling very sorry for them both."
+
+"_November 28._ Much troubled about my Whittier poem."
+
+"_December 3._ Thanks be to God! I have written my Whittier rhyme. It
+has cost me much labor, for I have felt that I could not treat a memory
+so reverend with cheap and easy verses. I have tried to take his
+measure, and to present a picture of him which shall deserve to
+live."[150]
+
+  [150] This poem appears in _At Sunset_.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Mr. and Mrs. Cobden-Sanderson, the English suffragists, were in Boston
+this winter. They dined with her, and proved "very agreeable. Mrs.
+Sanderson's visit ought to help suffrage mightily, she is in such dead
+earnest for it. After dinner I proposed that each one should name his
+favorite Browning poem. I named 'Pippa,' Mrs. Sanderson 'Paracelsus,'
+Mr. S., 'The Grammarian's Funeral,' etc., etc. The talk was so good that
+we could not stop it to hear the Victor, which I regretted."
+
+Another delightful dinner of this winter was one given in her honor by
+her niece, Mrs. Richard Aldrich (Margaret Chanler), in New York. Among
+the guests were Kneisel, the violinist, and Schelling, the pianist. Mrs.
+Aldrich demanded "Flibbertigibbet," and our mother played and recited it
+in such a manner that the two musicians were inspired to play, as the
+people in the story were to dance. Kneisel flew home for his violin,
+Schelling sat down at the piano, and the two played Bach for her and to
+her delight.
+
+"The occasion was memorable!" she says.
+
+Returning from New York, she was able to attend the Whittier Centennial
+at Haverhill.
+
+"_December 17._ ... Sanborn came to take me.... I have been praying to
+be well for this occasion, my last public engagement for some weeks. I
+am thankful to have been able, at my advanced age, to read this poem at
+the Whittier Celebration and to be assured by one present that I had
+never been in better voice, and by others that I was generally heard
+without difficulty by the large audience."
+
+"_December 31._ Oh, blessed year 1907! It has been granted me to write
+four poems for public occasions, all of which have proved acceptable;
+also three fatiguing magazine articles, which have for the time bettered
+my finances. I have lived in peace and goodwill with all men, and in
+great contentment with my own family, to which this year added a
+promising little great-grandson, taking away, alas! my dear son-in-law,
+David Prescott Hall. I found a very competent and friendly young
+musician who has taken down nearly all my songs.... A word was given me
+to speak, namely, 'Thanks for the blessed, wonderful year just past.'"
+
+
+
+
+CHAPTER XV
+
+"MINE EYES HAVE SEEN THE GLORY OF THE COMING OF THE LORD"
+
+1908-1910; _aet._ 89-91
+
+  I have made a voyage upon a golden river,
+    'Neath clouds of opal and of amethyst.
+  Along its banks bright shapes were moving ever,
+    And threatening shadows melted into mist.
+
+  The eye, unpractised, sometimes lost the current,
+    When some wild rapid of the tide did whirl,
+  While yet a master hand beyond the torrent
+    Freed my frail shallop from the perilous swirl.
+
+  Music went with me, fairy flute and viol,
+    The utterance of fancies half expressed,
+  And with these, steadfast, beyond pause or trial,
+    The deep, majestic throb of Nature's breast.
+
+  My journey nears its close--in some still haven
+    My bark shall find its anchorage of rest,
+  When the kind hand, which ever good has given,
+    Opening with wider grace, shall give the best.
+
+                                                   J. W. H.
+
+
+The grandchildren were her chief playmates when Maud was in Europe. To
+them, the grave tone of the Journal, the tale of her public work, is
+almost unbelievable, recalling, as they do, the household life, so warm,
+so rich, so intimate, it seemed enough in itself to fill the cup to
+overflowing. She had said of herself that in social activities she "bled
+at every pore": but in these later years it was light and warmth that
+she shed around her, kindling whatever she touched. At her fire, as at
+Uncle Sam's, we warmed our hands and our hearts. When she entered a
+room, all faces lighted up, as if she carried a lamp in her hand.
+
+Day in, day out, she was the _Guter Camerad_. The desire _not to
+irritate_ had become so much a second nature that she was the easiest
+person in the world to live with. If the domestic calm were disturbed,
+"_Don't say anything!_" was her word. "_Wait a little!_"
+
+She might wake with the deep depression so often mentioned in the
+Journal. Pausing at her door to listen, one might hear a deep sigh, a
+plaintive ejaculation; but all this was put out of sight before she left
+her room, and she came down, as one of the grandchildren put it,
+"bubbling like a silver tea-kettle."
+
+Then came the daily festival of breakfast, never to be hurried or
+"scamped." The talk, the letters, some of which we might read to her,
+together with the newspaper. We see her pressing some tidbit on a child,
+watching intently the eating of it, then, as the last mouthful
+disappeared, exclaiming with tragic emphasis, "_I wanted it!_" Then, at
+the startled face, would come peals of laughter; she would throw herself
+back in her chair, cover her face with her hands, and tap the floor with
+her feet.
+
+"Look at her!" cried Maud. "_Rippling with sin!_"
+
+How she loved to laugh!
+
+"One day," says a granddaughter, "the house was overflowing with guests,
+and she asked me to take my nap on her sofa, while she took hers on the
+bed. We both lay down in peace and tranquillity, but after a while, when
+she thought I was asleep, I heard her laughing, until she almost wept.
+Presently she fell asleep, and slept her usual twenty minutes, to wake
+in the same gales of mirth. She laughed until the bed shook, but softly,
+trying to choke her laughter, lest I should wake.
+
+"'What is it about?' I asked. 'What is so wonderful and funny?'
+
+"'Oh, my dear,' she said, breaking again into laughter, 'it is nothing!
+It is the most ridiculous thing! I was only trying to translate
+"fiddle-de-dee" into Greek!'"
+
+This was in her ninety-second year.
+
+But we are still at the breakfast table. Sometimes there were guests at
+breakfast, a famous actor, a travelling scholar, caught between other
+engagements for this one leisure hour.
+
+It was a good deal, perhaps, to ask people to leave a warm hotel on a
+January morning; but it was warm enough by the soft-coal blaze of the
+dining-room fire. Over the coffee and rolls, sausages and buckwheat
+cakes, leisure reigned supreme; not the poet's "retired leisure," but a
+friendly and laughter-loving deity. Everybody was full of engagements,
+harried with work, pursued by business and pleasure: no matter! the talk
+ranged high and far, and the morning was half gone before they
+separated.
+
+Soon after breakfast came the game of ball, played _a deux_ with
+daughter or grandchild; the ball was tossed back and forth, the players
+counting meanwhile up to ten in various languages. She delighted in
+adding to her vocabulary of numerals, and it was a good day when she
+mastered those of the Kutch-Kutch Esquimaux.
+
+Then came the walk, gallantly taken in every weather save the very
+worst. She battled with the west wind, getting the matter over as
+quickly as might be. "_It is for my life!_" she would say. But on quiet,
+sunny days she loved to linger along Commonwealth Avenue, watching the
+parade of babies and little children, stopping to admire this one or
+chat with that.
+
+This function accomplished, she went straight to her desk, and "P. T."
+reigned till noon. It was a less rigorous "P. T." than that of our
+childhood. She could break off in a moment now, give herself entirely,
+joyously, to the question of dinner for the expected guest, of dress for
+the afternoon reception, then drop back into Aristotle or AEschylus with
+a happy sigh. It was less easy to break off when she was writing; we
+might be begged for "half a moment," as if our time were fully as
+precious as her own; but there was none of the distress that
+interruption brought in earlier years. Perhaps she took her writing less
+seriously. She often said, "Oh, my dear, I am beginning to realize at
+last that I shall never write my book now, my Magnum Opus, that was to
+be so great!"
+
+She practised her scales faithfully every day, through the later years.
+Then she would play snatches of forgotten operas, and the granddaughter
+would hear her--if she thought no one was near--singing the brilliant
+_arias_ in "a sweet thread of a voice."
+
+After her practising, if she were alone, she would sit at the window and
+play her Twilight Game: counting the "passing," one for a biped, two for
+a quadruped, ten for a white horse, and so on.
+
+In the evening, before the "Victor" concert, came the reading aloud:
+this was one of her great pleasures. No history or philosophy for the
+evening reading; she must have a novel (not a "problem novel"; these she
+detested!)--a good stirring tale, with plenty of action in it. She
+thrilled over "With Fire and Sword," "Kim," "The Master of Ballantrae."
+She could not bear to hear of financial anxieties or of physical
+suffering. "It gives me a pain in my knee!"
+
+We see her now, sitting a little forward in her straight-backed chair,
+holding the hand of the reading granddaughter, alert and tense. When a
+catastrophe appears imminent, "Stop a minute!" she cries. "I cannot bear
+it!"--and the reader must pause while she gathers courage to face
+disaster with the hero, or dash with him through peril to safety.
+
+She would almost be sorry when the doorbell announced a visitor; almost,
+not quite, for flesh and blood were better than fiction. If the caller
+were a familiar friend, how her face lighted up!
+
+"Oh! now we can have whist!"
+
+The table is brought out, the mother-of-pearl counters (a Cutler relic:
+we remember that Mr. Ward did not allow cards in his house!), and the
+order for the rest of the evening is "A clear fire, a clean hearth, and
+the rigor of the game!"--
+
+It was a happy day when, as chanced once or twice, Mr. Ernest Schelling,
+coming on from New York to play with the Boston Symphony Orchestra,
+offered to come and play to her, "all by herself, whatever she wanted,
+and for as long as she liked." She never forgot this pleasure, nor the
+warm kindness of the giver.
+
+One day Mr. Abel Lefranc, the French lecturer of the year at Harvard,
+came to lunch with her. He apologized for only being able to stay for
+the luncheon hour, owing to a press of engagements and work that had
+grown overpowering. He stayed for two hours and a half after luncheon
+was over, and during all that time the flow of poignant, brilliant talk,
+_a deux_, held the third in the little company absorbed. She was
+entirely at home in French, and the Frenchman talked over the problems
+of his country as if to a compatriot.
+
+A few days afterwards a Baptist minister from Texas, a powerfully built
+and handsome man, came to wait on her. He also stayed two hours: and we
+heard his "Amen!" and "Bless the Lord for that!" and her gentler "Bless
+the Lord, indeed, my brother!" as their voices, fervent and grave,
+mingled in talk.
+
+She never tried to be interested in people. She _was_ interested, with
+every fibre of her being. Little household doings: the economies and
+efforts of brave young people, she thrilled to them all. Indeed, all
+_human facts_ roused in her the same absorbed and reverent interest.
+
+These are Boston memories, but those of Oak Glen are no less tender and
+vivid. There, too, the meals were festivals, the midday dinner being now
+the chief one, with its following hour on the piazza; "Grandmother" in
+her hooded chair, with her cross-stitch embroidery or "hooked" rug,
+daughters and grandchildren gathered round her. Horace and Xenophon
+were on the little table beside her, but they must wait till she had
+mixed and enjoyed her "social salad."
+
+At Oak Glen, too, she had her novel and her whist, bezique or dominoes,
+as the family was larger or smaller. She never stooped to solitaire; a
+game must be an affair of companionship, of the "social tie" in defence
+of which "Bro' Sam," in his youth, had professed himself ready to die.
+Instead of the "Victor" concert, she now made music herself, playing
+four-hand pieces with Florence, the "music daughter," trained in
+childhood by Otto Dresel. This was another great pleasure. (Did any one,
+we wonder, ever _enjoy_ pleasures as she did?) These duets were for the
+afternoon; she almost never used her eyes in the evening. They were
+perfectly good, strong eyes; in the latter years she rarely used
+glasses; but the habit dated back to the early fifties, and might not be
+shaken.
+
+We see her, therefore, in the summer afternoons, sitting at the piano
+with Florence, playing, "Galatea, dry thy tears!" "Handel's old tie-wig
+music," as she called his operas. Or, if her son were there, she would
+play accompaniments from the "Messiah" or "Elijah"; rippling through the
+difficult music, transposing it, if necessary to suit the singer's
+voice, with ease and accuracy. Musicians said that she was the ideal
+accompanist, never asserting herself, but giving perfect sympathy and
+support to the singer.
+
+We return to the Journal.
+
+"_January, 1908._ I had prayed the dear Father to give me this one more
+poem, a verse for this year's Decoration Day, asked for by Amos Wells,
+of Christian Endeavor belonging. I took my pen and the poem came quite
+spontaneously. It seemed an answer to my prayer, but I hold fast the
+thought that the great Christ asked _no sign_ from God and needed none,
+so deeply did he enter into life divine. I also thought, regarding
+Christ and Moses, that we must be content that a certain mystery should
+envelop these heroic figures of human history. Our small measuring tape
+or rod is not for them. If they were not exactly in fact what we take
+them to be, let us deeply reverence the human mind which has conceived
+and built up such splendid and immortal ideals. Was not Christ thinking
+of something like this when he made the sin against the Holy Ghost and
+its manifestations the only unpardonable error? He surely did not mean
+to say that it was beyond the repentance which is the earnest of
+forgiveness to every sin."
+
+A day or two after this she met at luncheon "a young Reverend Mr.
+Fitch.... He is earnest and clear-minded, and should do much good. I
+spoke of the cup [of life], but advised him to use the spoon for
+stirring up his congregation."
+
+She was asked for a "long and exhaustive paper on Marion Crawford in
+about a week. I wrote, saying that I could furnish an interesting paper
+on the elder and younger Crawford, but without any literary estimate of
+Marion's work, saying that family praise was too much akin to
+self-praise; also the time allotted much too short."
+
+One night she woke "suddenly and something seemed to say, 'They are on
+the right tack now.' This microscopic and detailed study of the causes
+of evil on society will be much forwarded by the direct agency of women.
+They too will supply that inexhaustible element of hopefulness, without
+which reforms are a mere working back and forth of machinery. These two
+things will overcome the evil of the world by prevention first, and then
+by the optimistic anticipation of good. This is a great work given to
+Woman now to do. Then I caught at various couplets of a possible
+millennial poem, but feared I should not write it. Have scrawled these
+on a large pad. This line kept coming back to me, 'Living, not dying,
+Christ redeemed mankind.'... This my first day at my desk since
+Saturday, March 28. I may try some prose about the present patient
+analysis of the evil of society, the patient intelligent women
+associated in all this work. To reclaim waste earth is a glory. Why not
+a greater to reclaim the moral wastes of humanity?"
+
+This midnight vision impressed her deeply, and through the succeeding
+days she wrote it out in full, bit by bit. On the envelope containing it
+is written, "An account of my vision of the world regenerated by the
+combined labor and love of Men and Women." In it she saw "men and women
+of every clime working like bees to unwrap the evils of society and to
+discover the whole web of vice and misery and to apply the remedies, and
+also to find the influences that should best counteract the evil and its
+attendant suffering.
+
+"There seemed to be a new, a wondrous, ever-permeating light, the glory
+of which I cannot attempt to put into human words--the light of the
+newborn hope and sympathy--blazing. The source of this light was born of
+human endeavor...."
+
+She saw "the men and the women, standing side by side, shoulder to
+shoulder, a common lofty and indomitable purpose lighting every face
+with a glory not of this earth. All were advancing with one end in view,
+one foe to trample, one everlasting goal to gain....
+
+"And then I saw the victory. All of evil was gone from the earth. Misery
+was blotted out. Mankind was emancipated and ready to march forward in a
+new Era of human understanding, all-encompassing sympathy and
+ever-present help, the Era of perfect love, of peace passing
+understanding."
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+Mrs. Humphry Ward was in Boston this spring, and there were many
+pleasant festivities in her honor.
+
+A "luncheon with Mrs. Humphry Ward at Annie Fields'; very pleasant.
+Edward Emerson there, easy and delightful...."
+
+A fine reception at the Vendome, where she and Mrs. Ward stood under "a
+beautiful arch of roses" and exchanged greetings.
+
+"A delightful call from Mrs. Humphry Ward. We had much talk of persons
+admired in England and America. She has great personal attraction, is
+not handsome, but very '_simpatica_' and is evidently whole-souled and
+sincere, with much 'good-fellowship.' We embraced at parting."
+
+In strong contrast to this is her comment on a writer whose work did not
+appeal to her. "But she has merit; yes, she certainly has merit. In
+fact--" with a flash--"she is meret-ricious!"
+
+May brought the Free Religious Banquet, at which she "compared the
+difference of sect to the rainbow which divides into its beauty the
+white light of truth"; and the State Federation of Women's Clubs, where
+another apt comparison occurred to her.
+
+"I compared the old order among women to the juxtaposition of squares
+set cornerwise to each other; the intensity of personal feeling and
+interest infusing an insensible antagonism into our relations with each
+other. 'Now,' I said, 'the comparison being removed, we no longer stand
+cornerwise to each other, but so that we can fit into line, and stand
+and act in concert.'..."
+
+"_Newport._ I begin to feel something of the 'labor and sorrow' of
+living so long. I don't even enjoy my books as I used to. My efforts to
+find a fit word for the Biennial [of the General Federation of Women's
+Clubs, to meet in Boston, June 22 and 23] are not successful...."
+
+She soon revived under her green trees, and enjoyed her books as much as
+ever: "got hold of" her screed, wrote it, went up to Boston to deliver
+it, came back to meet an excursion party of "Biennial" ladies visiting
+Newport. (N.B. She was late for the reception, and her neighbor,
+Bradford Norman, drove her into Newport in his automobile "at a terrific
+clip." On alighting, "Braddie," she said, "if I were ten years younger,
+I would set up one of these hell-wagons myself!")
+
+She enjoyed all this hugely, but the fatigue was followed by distress so
+great that the next morning she "thought she should die with her door
+locked." (She _would_ lock her door: no prayers of ours availed against
+this. In Boston, an elaborate arrangement of keys made it possible for
+her room to be entered; at Oak Glen there was but the one stout door. On
+this occasion, after lying helpless and despairing for some time, she
+managed to unlock the door and call the faithful maid.)
+
+On June 30 she writes:--
+
+"Oh, beautiful last day of June! Perhaps my last June on earth.... I
+shall be thankful to live as long as I can be of comfort or help to any
+one...."
+
+"_July 12...._ Sherman to Corse [Civil War], 'Can you hold out till I
+arrive?' Corse to Sherman, 'I have lost an arm, my cheekbone, and am
+minus one ear, but I can lick _all hell_ yet.'"
+
+"_July 30._ Have felt so much energy to-day that thought I must begin
+upon my old philosophizing essays.... Could find only 'Duality of
+Character.' What is the lesson of this two-foldness? This, that the most
+excellent person should remember the dual member of his or her firm, the
+evil possibility; and the most persistent offender should also remember
+the better personality which is bound up with its opposite, and which
+can come into activity, if invited to do so."
+
+"_August 28._ Wrote an immediate reply to a Mrs. ----, who had written
+to ask leave to use a part of my 'Battle Hymn' with some verses of her
+own. I replied, refusing this permission, but saying that she should
+rewrite her own part sufficiently to leave mine out, and should not call
+it the 'Battle Hymn of the Republic.' The metre and tune, of course, she
+might use, as they are not mine in any special sense, but my phrases
+_not_."
+
+After writing an article for the "Delineator," on "What I should like to
+give my Country for a Christmas Gift," she dreads a failure of her
+productive power, but is reassured by Maud's verdict. "I took much pains
+with it, but think she overpraises it a little to raise my spirits." The
+gift she would choose was "a more vigilant national conscience." The
+little essay counts but seventy lines, but every word tells.
+
+In early September she performed a "very small public service,"
+unveiling in Newport a bronze tablet in honor of Count de Rochambeau.
+She would have been glad to speak, but an anxious daughter had demurred,
+and at the moment she "only thought of pulling the string the right
+way."
+
+"_September 21. Green Peace, New York._ A delightful drive with Mr. Seth
+Low in his auto. A good talk with him about the multi-millionnaires and
+the Hague Conferences which he has attended. We reached Green Peace in
+time for Mr. Frank Potter to sing about half of my songs. He has a fine
+tenor voice, well cultivated, and is very kind about my small
+compositions. I had not counted upon this pleasure. I dreaded this
+visit, for the troublesome journey, but it has been delightful. I am
+charmed to see my son so handsomely and comfortably established, and
+with a very devoted wife. Potter brought me some flowers and a curious
+orchid from Panama."
+
+"_November 3. Oak Glen._ Yesterday and to-day have had most exquisite
+sittings in front of my house in the warm sunshine; very closely wrapped
+up by the dear care of my daughters."
+
+These sittings were on what she called her boulevard, a grassy space in
+front of the house, bordering on the road, and taking the full strength
+of the morning sun. Here, with the tall screen of cedars behind her, and
+a nut tree spreading its golden canopy over her head, she would sit for
+hours, drinking in the sweet air that was like no other to her.
+
+A companion picture to this is that of the twilight hour, when she would
+sit alone in the long parlor, looking out on the sunset. Black against
+the glowing sky rose the pines of the tiny forgotten graveyard, where
+long-ago neighbors slept, with the white rose tree drooping over the
+little child's grave; a spot of tender and melancholy beauty. All about
+were the fields she loved, fragrant with clover and wormwood, vocal with
+time-keeping crickets. Here she would sit for an hour, meditating, or
+repeating to herself the Odes of Horace, or some familiar hymn. Horace
+was one of her best friends, all her life long. She knew many of the
+Odes by heart, and was constantly memorizing new ones. They filled and
+brightened many a sleepless or weary hour. Here, when the children came
+back from their walk, they would find her, quiet and serene, but ready
+instantly to break into laughter with them, to give herself, as always,
+entirely and joyously. Now and then she wrote down a meditation; here is
+one:--
+
+"A thought comes to me to-day which gives me great comfort. This is
+that, while the transitory incidentals of our life, important for the
+moment, pass out of it, the steadfast divine life which is in our
+earthly experience, perseveres, and can never die nor diminish. I feel
+content that much of me should die. I interpret for myself Christ's
+parable of the tares sown in the wheat field. As regards the individual,
+these tares are our personal and selfish traits and limitations. We must
+restrain and often resist them, but we cannot and must not seek to
+eradicate them, for they are important agents not only in preserving,
+but also in energizing our bodily life. Yet they are, compared with our
+higher life, as the tares compared with the wheat, and we must be well
+content to feel that, when the death harvest comes, these tares will
+fall from us and perish, while the wheat will be gathered into the
+granary of God.
+
+"I do not desire ecstatic, disembodied sainthood, because I do not wish
+to abdicate any one of the attributes of my humanity. I cherish even the
+infirmities that bind me to my kind. I would be human, and American, and
+a woman. Paul of Tarsus had one or two ecstasies, but I feel sure that
+he lived in his humanity, strenuously and energetically. Indeed, the
+list he gives us of his trials and persecutions may show us how much he
+lived as a man among men, even though he did once cry out for
+deliverance from the body of death, whose wants and pains were a sore
+hindrance to him in his unceasing labors. That deliverance he found
+daily in the service of Truth, and finally once for all, when God took
+him.
+
+"Another thought upholds me. With the recurrence of the cycle, I feel
+the steady tramp and tread of the world's progress. This Spring is not
+identical with last Spring, this year is not last year. The predominant
+fact of the Universe is not the mechanical round and working of its
+forces, but their advance as moral life develops out of and above
+material life. Mysterious as the chain of causation is, we know one
+thing about it, viz.: that we cannot reverse its sequence. Whatever may
+change or pass away, my father remains my father, my child, my child.
+The way before us is open--the way behind us is blocked with solid
+building which cannot be removed. And in this great onward order, life
+turns not back to death, but goes forward to other life, which we may
+call immortality. If I would turn backward, I stand still in paralyzed
+opposition to the mighty sweep of heavenly law. It must go on, and if I
+could resist and refuse to go with it, I should die a moral death,
+having isolated myself from the movement which is life. But, do what I
+will, I cannot resist it. I am carried on perforce, as inanimate rocks
+and trees are swept away in the course of a resistless torrent. Shall I
+then abdicate my human privilege which makes the forces of nature Angels
+to help and minister to me? Let me, instead, take hold of the guiding
+cords of life with resolute hands and press onward, following the
+illustrious army whose crowned chiefs have gone before. They too had
+their weakness, their sorrow, their sin. But they are set as stars in
+the firmament of God, and their torches flash heavenly light upon our
+doubtful way, ay, even upon the mysterious bridge whose toll is silence.
+Beyond that silence reigns the perfect harmony."
+
+"_November 6._ Expecting to leave this dear place to-morrow before noon,
+I write one last record in this diary to say that I am very thankful for
+the season just at end, which has been busy and yet restful. I have seen
+old friends and new ones, all with pleasure, and mostly with profit of a
+social and spiritual kind. I have seen dear little Eleanor Hall, the
+sweetest of babies. Have had all of my dear children with me, some of my
+grandchildren, and four of my great-grands.
+
+"Our Papeterie has had pleasant meetings.... I am full of hope for the
+winter. Have had a long season of fresh air, delightful and very
+invigorating.... _Utinam! Gott in Himmel sei Dank!_"
+
+"_November 28. Boston._ Have been much troubled of late by uncertainties
+about life beyond the present. Quite suddenly, very recently, it
+occurred to me to consider that Christ understood that spiritual life
+would not end with death, and that His expressed certainty as to the
+future life was founded upon His discernment of spiritual things. So, in
+so far as I am a Christian, I must believe in the immortality of the
+soul, as our Master surely did. I cannot understand why I have not
+thought of that before. I think now that I shall nevermore lose sight of
+it.... Had a very fine call from Mr. Locke, author of the 'Beloved
+Vagabond,' a book which I have enjoyed."
+
+"_December 5...._ I learned to-day that my dear friend of many years
+[the Reverend Mary H. Graves] passed away last night very peacefully....
+This is a heart sorrow for me. She has been a most faithful,
+affectionate and helpful friend. I scarcely know whether any one,
+outside of my family, would have pained me more by their departure...."
+
+This was indeed a loss. "Saint Mouse," as we called her, was a familiar
+friend of the household: a little gray figure, with the face of a plain
+angel. For many years she had been the only person who was allowed to
+touch our mother's papers. She often came for a day or two and
+straightened out the tangle. She was the only approach to a secretary
+ever tolerated.
+
+We used to grieve because our mother had no first-rate "Crutch"; it
+seemed a waste of power. Now, we see that it was partly the instinct of
+self-preservation,--keeping the "doing" muscles tense and strong,
+because action was vital and necessary to her--partly the still deeper
+instinct of giving her _self_, body and mind. She seldom failed in any
+important thing she undertook; the "chores" of life she often left for
+others to attend to or neglect.
+
+The Christmas services, the Christmas oratorio, brought her the usual
+serene joy and comfort. She insists that Handel wrote parts of the
+"Messiah" in heaven itself. "Where else could he have got 'Comfort ye,'
+'Thy rebuke,' 'Thou shalt break them,' and much besides?"
+
+Late in December, 1908, came the horror of the Sicilian earthquake. She
+felt at first that it was impossible to reconcile omnipotence and
+perfect benevolence with this catastrophe.
+
+"We must hold judgment in suspense and say, 'We don't and we can't
+understand.'"
+
+She had several tasks on hand this winter, among them a poem for the
+Centenary of Lincoln's birth. On February 7 she writes:--
+
+"After a time of despair about the poem for the Lincoln Centenary some
+lines came to me in the early morning. I arose, wrapped myself warmly,
+and wrote what I could, making quite a beginning."
+
+She finished the poem next day, and on the 12th she went "with three
+handsome grandchildren" to deliver it at Symphony Hall before the Grand
+Army of the Republic and their friends.
+
+"The police had to make an entrance for us. I was presently conducted to
+my seat on the platform. The hall was crammed to its utmost capacity. I
+had felt doubts of the power of my voice to reach so large a company,
+but strength seemed to be given to me at once, and I believe that I was
+heard very well. T. W. H. [Colonel Higginson] came to me soon after my
+reading and said, 'You have been a good girl and behaved yourself
+well.'"
+
+The next task was an essay on "Immortality," which cost her much labor
+and anxious thought.
+
+"_March 3...._ Got at last some solid ground for my screed on
+'Immortality.' Our experience of the goodness of God in our daily life
+assures us of His mercy hereafter, and seeing God everywhere, we shall
+dwell in the house of the Lord forever."
+
+"_March 27._ I am succeeding better with my 'Immortality' paper. Had
+to-day a little bit of visioning with which I think that I would
+willingly depart, when my time comes. The dreadful fear of being buried
+alive disappeared for a time, and I saw only the goodness of God, to
+which it seemed that I could trust all question of the future life. I
+said to myself--'The best will be for thee and me.'"
+
+It was in this mood that she wrote:--
+
+"I, for one, feel that my indebtedness grows with my years. And it
+occurred to me the other day that when I should depart from this earthly
+scene, 'God's poor Debtor' might be the fittest inscription for my
+gravestone, if I should have one. So much have I received from the great
+Giver, so little have I been able to return."
+
+"_April 5...._ Heard May Alden Ward, N.E.W.C., on 'Current Events.'
+_Praecipue_ tariff reform. Proposed a small group to study the question
+from the point of view of the consumer. What to protect and how?
+American goods cheaper in Europe than here. Blank tells me of pencils
+made here for a foreign market and sold in Germany and England at a
+price impossible here. I said that the real bottomless pit is the depth
+of infamous slander with which people will assail our public servants,
+especially when they are faithful and incorruptible, apropos of
+aspersions cast on Roosevelt and Taft. Mrs. Ward read a very violent
+attack upon some public man of a hundred or more years ago. He was
+quoted as a monster of tyranny and injustice. His name was George
+Washington."
+
+"_April 8...._ My prayer for this Easter is that I may not waste the
+inspiration of spring...."
+
+In these days came another real sorrow to her.
+
+"_April 10._ To-day brings the sad news of Marion Crawford's death at
+Sorrento. His departure seems to have been a peaceful one. He comforted
+his family and had his daughter Eleanor read Plato's 'Dialogues' to him.
+Was unconscious at the last. Poor dear Marion! The end, in his case,
+comes early. His father was, I think, in the early forties when he died
+of a cancer behind the eye which caused blindness. He, Thomas Crawford,
+had a long and very distressing illness."
+
+Crawford had been very dear to her, ever since the days when, a radiant
+schoolboy, he came and went in his vacations. There was a complete
+sympathy and understanding between them, and there were few people whom
+she enjoyed more.
+
+"I wrote a letter to be read, if approved, to-morrow evening at the
+Faneuil Hall meeting held to advocate the revision of our extradition
+treaty with the Russian Government, which at present seems to allow that
+government too much latitude of incrimination, whereby political and
+civil offences can too easily be confused and a revolutionist
+surrendered as a criminal, which he may or may not be."
+
+Later in the month she writes:--
+
+"In the early morning I began to feel that I must attempt some sort of
+tribute to my dear friend of many years, Dr. Holmes, the centenary of
+whose birth is to be celebrated on Tuesday next. I stayed at home from
+church to follow some random rhymes which came to me in connection with
+my remembrance of my ever affectionate friend. I love to think of his
+beautiful service to his age and to future ages. I fear that my rhymes
+will fail to crystallize, but sometimes a bad beginning leads to
+something better...."
+
+The poem was finished, more or less to her satisfaction, but she was
+weary with working over it, and with "reading heavy books, Max Mueller on
+metaphysics, Blanqui on political economy."
+
+"_May 10._ I began this day the screed of 'Values' which I mentioned the
+other day. I have great hopes of accomplishing something useful,
+remembering, as I do, with sore indignation, my own mistakes, and
+desiring to help young people to avoid similar ones."
+
+The ninetieth birthday was a festival, indeed. Letters and telegrams
+poured in, rose in toppling piles which almost--not quite--daunted her;
+she would hear every one, would answer as many as flesh and blood could
+compass. Here is one of them:--
+
+
+Most hearty congratulations on your ninetieth birthday from the boy you
+picked up somewhere in New York and placed in the New York Orphan Asylum
+on April 6th, 1841. Sorry I have never been able to meet you in all that
+time. You [were] one of the Board of Trustees at that time.
+
+                             Respectfully and Thankfully,
+                                                   WM. DAVIDSON.
+
+I was then about five years old, now seventy-three.
+
+Writing to her friend of many years, Mrs. Ellen Mitchell, she says:--
+
+"Your birthday letter was and is much valued by me. Its tone of earnest
+affection is an element in the new inspiration recently given me by such
+a wonderful testimony of public and private esteem and goodwill as has
+been granted me in connection with my attainment of ninety years. It all
+points to the future. I must work to deserve what I have received. My
+dearest wish would be to take up some thread of our A.A.W. work, and
+continue it. I rather hope that I may find the way to do this in the
+study of Economics which I am just starting with a small group...."
+
+
+                _To Mrs. Harriet Prescott Spofford_
+
+DEAR MRS. SPOFFORD,--
+
+You wrote me a lovely letter on my ninetieth birthday. I cannot help
+feeling as if the impression expressed by you and so many other kind
+friends of my personal merits must refer to some good work which I have
+yet to do. What I have done looks small to me, but I have tried a good
+deal for the best I have known. This is all I can say. I am much touched
+by your letter, and encouraged to go on trying. Don't you think that the
+best things are already in view? The opportunities for women, the
+growing toleration and sympathy in religion, the sacred cause of peace?
+I have lived, like Moses, to see the entrance into the Promised Land.
+How much is this to be thankful for! My crabbed hand shows how Time
+abridges my working powers, but I march to the brave music still, as
+you and many of the juniors do.
+
+Wishing that I might sometimes see you, believe me
+
+                         Yours with affectionate regard,
+                                                JULIA WARD HOWE.
+
+
+Close upon the Birthday came another occasion of the kind which we--in
+these later years--at once welcomed and deplored. She enjoyed nothing so
+much as a "function," and nothing tired her so much.
+
+On June 16, Brown University, her husband's _alma mater_ and her
+grandfather's, conferred upon her the degree of Doctor of Laws. She went
+to Providence to receive it in person, and thus describes the
+commencement exercises to Mrs. Mitchell:--
+
+"The ordeal of the Doctorate was rather trying, but was made as easy as
+possible for me. The venerable old church was well filled, and was quite
+beautiful. I sat in one of the front pews--two learned people led me to
+the foot of the platform from which President Faunce, with some
+laudatory remarks, handed me my diploma, while some third party placed a
+picturesque hood upon my shoulders. The band played the air of my
+'Battle Hymn,' and applause followed me as I went back to my seat. So
+there!"
+
+Her companion on that occasion writes:--
+
+"She sat listening quietly to the addresses, watched each girl and boy
+just starting on the voyage of life as they marched to the platform and
+received from the President's hand the scrap of paper, the parchment
+diploma, reward of all their studies. Her name was called last. With
+the deliberate step of age, she walked forward, wearing her son's
+college gown over her white dress, his mortar-board cap over her lace
+veil. She seemed less moved than any person present; she could not see
+what we saw, the tiny gallant figure bent with fourscore and ten years
+of study and hard labor. As she moved between the girl students who
+stood up to let her pass, she whispered, 'How tall they are! It seems to
+me the girls are much taller than they used to be.' Did she realize how
+much shorter she was than she once had been? I think not.
+
+"Then, her eyes sparkling with fun while all other eyes were wet, she
+shook her hard-earned diploma with a gay gesture in the faces of those
+girls, cast on them a keen glance that somehow was a challenge, 'Catch
+up with me if you can!'
+
+"She had labored long for the higher education of women, suffered
+estrangement, borne ridicule for it--the sight of those girl graduates,
+starting on their life voyage equipped with a good education, was like a
+sudden realization of a life-long dream; uplifted her, gave her strength
+for the fatigues of the day. At the dinner given for her and the college
+dignitaries by Mrs. William Goddard, she was at her best."
+
+She was asked for a Fourth of July message to the Sunday-School children
+of the Congregational Church, and wrote:--
+
+"I want them to build up character in themselves and in the community,
+to give to the country just so many men and women who will be incapable
+of meanness or dishonesty, who will look upon life as a sacred trust,
+given to them for honorable service to their fellow men and women. I
+would have them feel that, whether rich or poor, they are bound to be of
+use in their day and generation, and to be mindful of the Scripture
+saying that 'no man liveth unto himself.' We all have our part to do in
+keeping up the character and credit of our country. For her sake we
+should study to become good and useful citizens."
+
+
+In the summer of 1909 the Cretan question came up again. Once more
+Turkey attempted to regain active possession of Crete; once more the
+voice of Christendom was raised in protest. She had no thought this time
+of being "too old." Being called upon for help, she wrote at once to
+President Taft, "praying him to find some way to help the Cretans in the
+terrible prospect of their being delivered over, bound hand and foot, to
+Turkish misrule." She was soon gladdened by a reply from the President,
+saying that he had not considered the Cretans as he should, but
+promising to send her letter to the Secretary of State. "I thank God
+most earnestly," she writes, "for even thus much. To-day, I feel that I
+must write all pressing letters, as my time may be short."
+
+Accordingly she composed an open letter on the Cretan question. "It is
+rather crude, but it is from my heart of hearts. I had to write it."
+
+Suffrage, too, had its share of her attention this summer. There were
+meetings at "Marble House" [Newport] in which she was deeply interested.
+She attended one in person; to the next she sent the second and third
+generations, staying at home herself to amuse and care for the fourth.
+
+On the last day of August she records once more her sorrow at the
+departure of the summer. She adds, "God grant me to be prepared to live
+or die, as He shall decree. It is best, I think, to anticipate life, and
+to cultivate forethought.... I think it may have been to-day that I read
+the last pages of Martineau's 'Seat of Authority in Religion,' an
+extremely valuable book, yet a painful one to read, so entirely does it
+do away with the old-time divinity of the dear Christ. But it leaves Him
+the divinity of character--no theory or discovery can take that away."
+
+Late September brought an occasion to which she had looked forward with
+mingled pleasure and dread; the celebration of the Hudson-Fulton
+Centennial in New York. She had been asked for a poem, and had taken
+great pains with it, writing and re-writing it, hammering and polishing.
+She thought it finished in July, yet two days before the celebration she
+was still re-touching it.
+
+"I have been much dissatisfied with my Fulton poem. Lying down to rest
+this afternoon, instead of sleep, of which I felt no need, I began to
+try for some new lines which should waken it up a little, and think that
+I succeeded. I had brought no manuscript paper, so had to scrawl my
+amendments on Sanborn's old long envelope."
+
+Later in the day two more lines came to her, and again two the day
+after. Finally, on the morning of the day itself, on awakening, she
+cried out,--
+
+"I have got my last verse!"
+
+The occasion was a notable one. The stage of the Metropolitan Opera
+House was filled with dignitaries, delegates from other States, foreign
+diplomats in brilliant uniforms. The only woman among them was the
+little figure in white, to greet whom, as she came forward on her son's
+arm, the whole great assembly rose and stood. They remained standing
+while she read her poem in clear unfaltering tones; the applause that
+rang out showed that she had once more touched the heart of the public.
+
+This poem was printed in "Collier's Weekly," unfortunately from a copy
+made before the "last verse" was finished to her mind. This distressed
+her. "Let this be a lesson!" she said. "Never print a poem or speech
+till it has been delivered; always give the eleventh hour its chance!"
+
+This eleventh hour brought a very special chance; a few days before, the
+world had been electrified by the news of Peary's discovery of the North
+Pole: it was the general voice that cried through her lips,--
+
+  The Flag of Freedom crowns the Pole!
+
+The following letter was written while she was at work on the poem:--
+
+                                _To Laura_
+
+                                         OAK GLEN, July 9, 1909.
+
+Why, yes, I'm doing the best I know how. Have written a poem for the
+Hudson and Fulton celebration, September 28. Worked hard at it. Guess
+it's only pretty good, if even that. Maud takes me out every day under
+the pine tree, makes me sit while she reads aloud Freeman's shorter work
+on Sicily. I enjoy this.... I have just read Froude's "Caesar," which
+Sanborn says he hates, but which I found as readable as a novel. Am also
+reading a work of Kuno Fischer on "Philosophy," especially relating to
+Descartes. Now you know, Miss, or should know, that _same_ had great
+_fame_, and sometimes _blame_, as a philosopher. But he don't make no
+impression on my mind. I never doubted that I was, so don't need no
+"_cogito, ergo sum,_" which is what Carty, old Boy, amounts to. Your
+letter, dear, was a very proper attention under the circumstances.
+Shouldn't object to another. Lemme see! objects cannot be subjects, nor
+_vice versa_. How do you know that you washed your face this morning?
+You don't know it, and I don't believe that you did. You might consult
+H. Richards about some of these particulars. He is a man of some sense.
+You are, bless you, not much wiser than your affectionate
+
+                                                             MA.
+
+Returned to Oak Glen, after the celebration, she writes:--
+
+                   _To her son and his wife_
+
+                                      OAK GLEN, October 1, 1909.
+
+... I found my trees still green, and everything comfortable. I did not
+dare to write to any one yesterday, my head was so full of nonsense.
+Reaction from brain-fatigue takes this shape with me, and everything
+goes "higgle-wiggledy, hi-cockalorum," or words to that effect.... We
+had a delightful visit with you, dear F. G. and H. M. I miss you both,
+and miss the lovely panorama of the hills, and the beauteous flower
+parterres. Well, here's for next year in early Autumn, and I hope I may
+see you both before that time. With thanks for kindest entertainment,
+and best of love,
+
+                          Your very affectionate
+                                        MOTHER AND DITTO-IN-LAW.
+
+                              _To George H. Richards_[151]
+
+                                      OAK GLEN, October 1, 1909.
+
+DEAR UNCLE GEORGE,--
+
+I got through all right, in spite of prospective views, of fainting
+fits, apoplexy, what not? Trouble is now that I cannot keep calling up
+some thousands of people, and saying: "Admire me, do. I wrote it all my
+little own self." Seriously, there is a little reaction from so much
+excitement. But I hope to recover my senses in time. I improved the last
+two stanzas much when I recited the poem. The last line read
+
+  The Flag of Freedom crowns the Pole!
+
+I tell you, I brought it out with a will, and they all [the audience]
+made a great noise....
+
+  [151] Her man of business and faithful friend. Though of her children's
+generation, she had adopted him as an "uncle."
+
+
+We doubt if any of the compliments pleased her so much as that of the
+Irish charwoman who, mop in hand, had been listening at one of the side
+doors of the theatre. "Oh, you dear little old lady!" she cried. "You
+speaked your piece _real_ good!"
+
+Late October finds her preparing for the move to Boston.
+
+"I have had what I may call a spasm of gratitude to God for His great
+goodness to me, sitting in my pleasant little parlor, with the lovely
+golden trees in near view, and the devotion of my children and great
+kindness of my friends well in mind. Oh! help me, divine Father, to
+merit even a very little of Thy kindness!"
+
+In this autumn she was elected a member of the American Academy of Arts
+and Letters, and in December she wrote for its first meeting a poem
+called "The Capitol." She greatly desired to read this poem before the
+association, and Maud, albeit with many misgivings, agreed to take her
+on to Washington. This was not to be. On learning of her intention,
+three officers of the association, William Dean Howells, Robert
+Underwood Johnson, and Thomas Nelson Page, sent her a "round-robin"
+telegram, begging her not to run the risk of the long winter journey.
+The kindly suggestion was not altogether well taken. "Ha!" she flashed
+out. "They think I am too old, but there's a little ginger left in the
+old blue jar!"
+
+She soon realized the wisdom as well as the friendliness of the round
+robin, and confided to the Journal that she had been in two minds about
+it.
+
+On Christmas Day she writes:--
+
+"Thanks to God who gave us the blessed Christ. What a birth was this!
+Two thousand years have only increased our gratitude for it. How it has
+consecrated Babyhood and Maternity! Two infants, grown to man's estate,
+govern the civilized world to-day, Christ and Moses. I am still thankful
+to be here in the flesh, as they were once, and oh! that I may never
+pass where they are not!"
+
+The winter of 1909-10 was a severe one, and she was more or less housed;
+yet the days were full and bright for her. "Life," she cried one day,
+"is like a cup of tea; all the sugar is at the bottom!" and again, "Oh!
+I must go so soon, and I am only just ready to go to college!"
+
+When it was too cold for her to go out, she took her walk in the house,
+with the windows open, pacing resolutely up and down her room and the
+room opposite. She sat long hours at her desk, in patient toil. She was
+always picking up dropped stitches, trying to keep every promise, answer
+every note.
+
+"Went through waste-paper basket, redeeming some bits torn to fragments,
+which either should be answered or recorded. Wrote an autograph for Mr.
+Blank. It was asked for in 1905. Had been _put away_ and forgotten."
+
+She got too tired that morning, and could not fully enjoy the Authors'
+Club in the afternoon.
+
+"Colonel Higginson and I sat like two superannuated old idols. Each of
+us said a little say when the business was finished."
+
+It is not recalled that they presented any such appearance to others.
+
+She went to the opera, a mingled pleasure and pain.
+
+"It was the 'Huguenots,' much of which was known to me in early youth,
+when I used to sing the 'Rataplan' chorus with my brothers. I sang also
+Valentine's prayer, '_Parmi les fleurs mon reve se ranime_,' with
+obligato bassoon accompaniment, using the 'cello instead. I know that I
+sang much better that night than usual, for dear Uncle John said to me,
+'You singed good!' Poor Huti played the 'cello. Now, I listened for the
+familiar bits, and recognized the drinking chorus in Act 1st, the
+'Rataplan' in Act 2d. Valentine's prayer, if given, was so overlaid with
+_fioritura_ that I did not feel sure of it. The page's pretty song was
+all right, but I suffered great fatigue, and the reminiscences were
+sad."
+
+Through the winter she continued the study of economics with some
+fifteen members of the New England Woman's Club. She read Bergson too,
+and now and then "got completely bogged" in him, finding no "central
+point that led anywhere."
+
+About this time she wrote:--
+
+
+_"Some Rules for Everyday Life_
+
+"1. Begin every day with a few minutes of retired meditation, tending to
+prayer, in order to feel within yourself the spiritual power which will
+enable you to answer the demands of practical life.
+
+"2. Cultivate systematic employment and learn to estimate correctly the
+time required to accomplish whatever you may undertake.
+
+"3. Try to occupy both your mind and your muscles, since each of these
+will help the other, and both deteriorate without sufficient exercise.
+
+"4. Remember that there is great inherent selfishness in human nature,
+and train yourself to consider adequately the advantage and pleasure of
+others.
+
+"5. Be thankful to be useful.
+
+"6. Try to ascertain what are real uses, and to follow such maxims and
+methods as will stand the test of time, and not fail with the passing
+away of a transient enthusiasm.
+
+"7. Be neither over distant nor over familiar in your intercourse;
+friendly rather than confidential; not courting responsibility, but not
+declining it when it of right belongs to you.
+
+"8. Be careful not to falsify true principles by a thoughtless and
+insufficient application of them.
+
+"9. Though actions of high morality ensure in the end the greatest
+success, yet view them in the light of obligation, not in that of
+policy.
+
+"10. Whatever your talents may be, consider yourself as belonging to the
+average of humanity, since, even if superior to many in some respects,
+you will be likely to fall below them in others.
+
+"11. Remember the Christian triad of virtues. Have faith in principles,
+hope in God, charity with and for all mankind."
+
+
+A windy March found her "rather miserably ailing." Dr. Langmaid came,
+and pronounced her lungs "sound as a bass drum"; nothing amiss save a
+throat irritated by wind and dust. Thereupon she girded herself and
+buckled to her next task, a poem for the centenary of James Freeman
+Clarke.
+
+"I have despaired of a poem which people seem to expect from me for the
+dear James Freeman's centennial. To-day the rhymes suddenly flowed, but
+the thought is difficult to convey--the reflection of heaven in his soul
+is what he gave, and what he left us."
+
+"_April 1._ Very much tossed up and down about my poem...."
+
+"_April 2._ Was able at last, _D.G._, to make the poem explain itself.
+Rosalind, my incorruptible critic, was satisfied with it. I think and
+hope that all my trouble has been worth while. I bestowed it most
+unwillingly, having had little hope that I could make my figure of
+speech intelligible. I am very thankful for this poem, cannot be
+thankful enough."
+
+This was her third tribute to the beloved Minister, and is, perhaps, the
+best of the three. The thought which she found so difficult of
+conveyance is thus expressed:--
+
+  Lifting from the Past its veil,
+  What of his does now avail?
+  Just a mirror in his breast
+  That revealed a heavenly guest,
+  And the love that made us free
+  Of the same high company.
+  These he brought us, these he left,
+  When we were of him bereft.
+
+
+She thus describes the occasion:--
+
+"Coughed in the night, and at waking suffered much in mind, fearing that
+a wild fit of coughing might make my reading unacceptable and even
+ridiculous. Imagine my joy when I found my voice clear and strong, and
+read the whole poem [forty-four lines] without the slightest inclination
+to cough. This really was the granting of my prayer, and my first
+thought about it was, 'What shall I render to the Lord for all His
+goodness to me?' I thought, 'I will interest myself more efficiently in
+the great questions which concern Life and Society at large.' If I have
+'the word for the moment,' as some think, I will take more pains to
+speak it."
+
+A little later came a centenary which--alas!--she did not enjoy. It was
+that of Margaret Fuller, and was held in Cambridge. She was asked to
+attend it, and was assured that she "would not be expected to speak."
+This kindly wish to spare fatigue to a woman of ninety-one was the last
+thing she desired. She could hardly believe that she would be left
+out--she, who had known Margaret, had talked and corresponded with her.
+
+"They have not asked me to speak!" she said more than once as the time
+drew near.
+
+She was reassured; of course they would ask her when they saw her!
+
+"I have a poem on Margaret!"
+
+"Take it with you! Of course you will be asked to say something, and
+then you will be all ready with your poem in your pocket."
+
+Thus Maud, in all confidence. Indeed, if one of her own had gone with
+her, the matter would have been easily arranged; unfortunately, the
+companion was a friend who could make no motion in the matter. She
+returned tired and depressed. "They did not ask me to speak," she said,
+"and I was the only person present who had known Margaret and remembered
+her."
+
+For a little while this incident weighed on her. She felt that she was
+"out of the running"; but a winning race was close at hand.
+
+The question of pure milk was before the Massachusetts Legislature, and
+was being hotly argued. An urgent message came by telephone; would Mrs.
+Howe say a word for the good cause? Maud went to her room, and found her
+at her desk, the morning's campaign already begun.
+
+"There is to be a hearing at the State House on the milk question; they
+want you dreadfully to speak. What do you say?"
+
+"Give me half an hour!" she said.
+
+Before the half-hour was over she had sketched out her speech and
+dressed herself in her best flowered silk cloak and her new lilac hood,
+a birthday gift from a poor seamstress. Arrived at the State House, she
+sat patiently through many speeches. Finally she was called on to speak;
+it was noticed that no oath was required of her. As she rose and came
+forward on her daughter's arm,--"You may remain seated, Mrs. Howe," said
+the benevolent chairman.
+
+"I prefer to stand!" was the reply.
+
+She had left her notes behind; she did not need them. Standing in the
+place where, year after year, she had stood to ask for the full rights
+of citizenship, she made her last thrilling appeal for justice.
+
+"We have heard," she said, "a great deal about the farmers' and the
+dealers' side of this case. We want the matter settled on the ground of
+justice and mercy; it ought not to take long to settle what is just to
+all parties. Justice to all! Let us stand on that. There is one deeply
+interested party, however, of whom we have heard nothing. He cannot
+speak for himself; I am here to speak for him: the infant!"
+
+The effect was electrical. In an instant the tired audience, the dull or
+dogged or angry debaters, woke to a new interest, a new spirit. No
+farmer so rough, no middle-man so keen, no legislator so apathetic, but
+felt the thrill. In a silence charged with deepest feeling all listened
+as to a prophetess, as, step by step, she unfolded the case of the
+infant as against farmers and dealers.
+
+As Arthur Dehon Hill, counsel for the Pure Milk Association, led her
+from the room, he said, "Mrs. Howe, you have saved the day!"
+
+This incident was still in her mind on her ninety-first birthday, a few
+days later.
+
+"My parlors are full of beautiful flowers and other gifts, interpreted
+by notes expressive of much affection, and telegrams of the same sort.
+What dare I ask for more? Only that I may do something in the future to
+deserve all this love and gratitude. I have intended to deserve it all
+and more. Yet, when in thought I review my life, I feel the waste and
+loss of power thro' want of outlook. Like many another young person, I
+did not know what my really available gifts were. Perhaps the best was a
+feeling of what I may call 'the sense of the moment,' which led a French
+friend to say of me: '_Mme. Howe possede le mot a un degre
+remarquable._' I was often praised for saying 'just the right word,'
+and I usually did this with a strong feeling that it ought to be said."
+
+Early in June, just as she was preparing for the summer flitting, she
+had a bad fall, breaking a rib. This delayed the move for a week, no
+more, the bone knitting easily. She was soon happy among her green
+trees, her birds singing around her.
+
+The memories of this last summer come flocking in, themselves like
+bright birds. She was so well, so joyous, giving her lilies with such
+full hands; it was a golden time.
+
+As the body failed, the mind--or so it seemed to us--grew ever clearer,
+the veil that shrouds the spirit ever more transparent. She "saw things
+hidden."
+
+One day a summer neighbor came, bringing her son, a handsome, athletic
+fellow, smartly dressed, a fine figure of gilded youth. She looked at
+him a good deal: presently she said suddenly,--
+
+"You write poetry!"
+
+The lad turned crimson: his mother looked dumfounded. It proved that he
+had lately written a prize poem, and that literature was the goal of his
+ambition. Another day she found a philosopher hidden in what seemed to
+the rest of the family merely "a callow boy in pretty white duck
+clothes." So she plucked out the heart of each man's mystery, but so
+tenderly that it was yielded gladly, young and old alike feeling
+themselves understood.
+
+Among the visitors of this summer none was more welcome than her
+great-grandson, Christopher Birckhead,[152] then an infant in arms. She
+loved to hold and watch the child, brooding over him with grave
+tenderness: it was a beautiful and gracious picture of Past and Future.
+
+  [152] Son of Caroline Minturn (Hall) and the Reverend Hugh Birckhead.
+
+Maud had just written a book on Sicily, and, as always, our mother read
+and corrected the galley proofs. She did this with exquisite care and
+thoughtfulness, never making her suggestions on the proof itself, but on
+a separate sheet of paper, with the number of the galley, the phrase,
+and her suggested emendations. This was her invariable custom: the
+writer must be perfectly free to retain her own phrase, if she preferred
+it.
+
+Walking tired her that summer, but she was very faithful about it.
+
+"Zacko," she would command John Elliott, "take me for a walk."
+
+The day before she took to her bed, he remembers that she clung to him
+more than usual and said,--
+
+"It tires me very much." (This after walking twice round the piazza.)
+
+"Once more!" he encouraged.
+
+"No--I have walked all I can to-day."
+
+"Let me take you back to your room this way," he said, leading her back
+by the piazza. "That makes five times each way!"
+
+She laughed and was pleased to have done this, but he thinks she had a
+great sense of weakness too.
+
+Her favorite piece on the "Victor" that summer was "The Artillerist's
+Oath." The music had a gallant ring to it, and there was something
+heroic about the whole thing, something that suggested the Forlorn
+Hope--how many of them she had led! When nine o'clock came, she would
+ask for this piece by the nickname she had given it, taken from one of
+its odd lines,--
+
+  "I'll wed thee in the battle's front!"
+
+While the song was being given, she was all alert and alive, even if she
+may have been sleepy earlier in the evening. She would get up with a
+little gesture of courage, and take leave of us, always with a certain
+ceremony, that was like the withdrawing of royalty. The evening was then
+over, and we too went to bed!
+
+As we gather up our treasures of this last summer, we remember that
+several things might have prepared us for what was coming, had not our
+eyes been holden. She spoke a great deal of old times, the figures of
+her childhood and girlhood being evidently very near to her. She quoted
+them often; "My grandma used to say--" She spoke as naturally as the boy
+in the next room might speak of her.
+
+She would not look in the glass; "I don't like to see my old face!" she
+said. She could not see the beauty that every one else saw. Yet she kept
+to the very last a certain tender coquetry. She loved her white dresses,
+and the flowered silk cloak of that last summer. She chose with care the
+jewels suited to each costume, the topaz cross for the white, the
+amethysts for the lilac. She had a great dread of old people's being
+untidy or unprepossessing in appearance, and never grudged the moments
+spent in adjusting the right cap and lace collar.
+
+There was an almost unearthly light in her face, a transparency and
+sweetness that spoke to others more plainly than to us: Hugh Birckhead
+saw and recognized it as a look he had seen in other faces of saintly
+age, as their translation approached. But we said joyously to her and to
+each other, "She will round out the century; we shall all keep the
+Hundredth Birthday together!" And we and she partly believed it.
+
+The doctor had insisted strongly that she should keep, through the
+summer at least, the trained nurse who had ministered to her after her
+fall. She "heard what he said, but it made no difference." In early
+August she records "a passage at arms with Maud, in which I clearly
+announced my intention of dispensing with the services of a trained
+nurse, my good health and simple habits rendering it entirely
+unnecessary."
+
+She threatened to write to her man of business.
+
+"_I would rather die_," she said, "than be an old woman with a nurse!"
+
+Maud and Florence wept, argued, implored, but the nurse was dismissed.
+The Journal acknowledges that "her ministrations and Dr. Cobb's
+diagnosis have been very beneficial to my bodily health." On the same
+day she records the visit of a Persian Prince, who had come to this
+country chiefly to see two persons, the President of the United States
+and Mrs. Julia Ward Howe. "He also claims to be a reincarnation of some
+remarkable philosopher; and to be so greatly interested in the cause of
+Peace that he declines to visit our ships now in the harbor here, to
+which he has been invited."
+
+Reading Theodore Parker's sermon on "Wisdom and Intellect," she found it
+so full of notable sayings that she thought "a little familiar book of
+daily inspiration and aspiration" might be made from his writings: she
+wrote to Mr. Francis J. Garrison suggesting this, and suggesting also,
+what had been long in her mind, the collecting and publishing of her
+"Occasional Poems."
+
+In late September, she was "moved to write one or more open letters on
+what religion really is, for some one of the women's papers"; and the
+next day began upon "What is Religion?" or rather, "What Sort of
+Religion makes Religious Liberty possible?"
+
+A day or two later, she was giving an "offhand talk" on the early
+recollections of Newport at the Papeterie, and going to an afternoon tea
+at a musical house, where, after listening to Schumann Romances and
+Chopin waltzes, and to the "Battle Hymn" on the 'cello, she was moved to
+give a performance of "Flibbertigibbet." This occasion reminded her
+happily of her father's house, of Henry "playing tolerably on the
+'cello, Marion studying the violin, Bro' Sam's lovely tenor voice."
+
+Now came the early October days when she was to receive the degree of
+Doctor of Laws from Smith College. She hesitated about making the
+tiresome journey, but finally, "Grudging the trouble and expense, I
+decide to go to Smith College, for my degree, but think I won't do so
+any more."
+
+She started accordingly with daughter and maid, for Northampton,
+Massachusetts. It was golden weather, and she was in high spirits.
+Various college dignitaries met her at the station; one of these had
+given up a suite of rooms for her use; she was soon established in much
+peace and comfort.
+
+Wednesday, October 5, was a day of perfect autumn beauty. She was early
+dressed in her white dress, with the college gown of rich black silk
+over it, the "mortar-board" covering in like manner her white lace cap.
+Thus arrayed, a wheeled chair conveyed her to the great hall, already
+packed with visitors and graduates, as was the deep platform with
+college officials and guests of honor. Opposite the platform, as if hung
+in air, a curving gallery was filled with white-clad girls, some two
+thousand of them; as she entered they rose like a flock of doves, and
+with them the whole audience. They rose once more when her name was
+called, last in the list of those honored with degrees; and as she came
+forward, the organ pealed, and the great chorus of fresh young voices
+broke out with
+
+  "Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord--"
+
+It was the last time.
+
+Later in the day the students of Chapin House brought their guest-book,
+begging for her autograph. She looked at Laura with a twinkle.
+
+"Do you think they would like me to write something?"
+
+Assured on that point, she waited a moment, and then wrote after her
+signature,--
+
+  Wandered to Smith College
+  In pursuit of knowledge;
+  Leaves so much the wiser,
+  Nothing can surprise her!
+
+She reached home apparently without undue fatigue. "She will be more
+tired to-morrow!" we said; but she was not. Her son came for the
+week-end, and his presence was always a cordial. Sunday was a happy day.
+In the evening we gathered round the piano, she playing, son and
+daughters singing the old German student songs brought by "Uncle Sam"
+from Heidelberg seventy years before.
+
+On the Tuesday she went to the Papeterie, and was the life and soul of
+the party, sparkling with merriment. Driving home, it was so warm that
+she begged to have the top of the carriage put back, and so she enjoyed
+the crowning pageant of the autumn, the full hunter's moon and the
+crimson ball of the sun both visible at once.
+
+Wednesday found her busy at her desk, confessing to a slight cold, but
+making nothing of it. The next day bronchitis developed, followed by
+pneumonia. For several days the issue seemed doubtful, the strong
+constitution fighting for life. Two devoted physicians were beside her,
+one the friend of many years, the other a young assistant. The presence
+of the latter puzzled her, but his youth and strength seemed tonic to
+her, and she would rest quietly with her hand in his strong hand.
+
+On Sunday evening the younger physician thought her convalescent; the
+elder said, "If she pulls through the next twenty-four hours, she will
+recover."
+
+But she was too weary. That night they heard her say, "God will help
+me!" and again, toward morning, "I am so tired!"
+
+Being alone for a moment with Maud, she spoke one word: a little word
+that had meant "good-bye" between them in the nursery days.
+
+So, in the morning of Monday, October 17, her spirit passed quietly on
+to God's keeping.
+
+Those who were present at her funeral will not forget it. The
+flower-decked church, the mourning multitude, the white coffin borne
+high on the shoulders of eight stalwart grandsons, the words of age-long
+wisdom and beauty gathered into a parting tribute, the bugle sounding
+Taps, as she passed out in her last earthly triumph, the blind children
+singing round the grave on which the autumn sun shone with a final
+golden greeting.
+
+       *       *       *       *       *
+
+We have told the story of our mother's life, possibly at too great
+length; but she herself told it in eight words.
+
+"Tell me," Maud asked her once, "what is the ideal aim of life?"
+
+She paused a moment, and replied, dwelling thoughtfully on each word,--
+
+"To learn, to teach, to serve, to enjoy!"
+
+
+THE END
+
+
+
+
+INDEX
+
+
+  Abbott, J., I, 214, 215; II, 99.
+
+  Abdin Palace, II, 35, 36.
+
+  Abdul Hamid II, II, 42.
+
+  Abdul Hassan, mosque of, II, 36.
+
+  Aberdeen, Countess of, II, 165, 166.
+
+  Aberdeen, J. C. H. Gordon, Earl of, II, 165.
+
+  Abolitionists, I, 177, 305; II, 171.
+
+  Academy of Fine Arts, French, II, 23.
+
+  Acroceraunian Mountains, I, 272.
+
+  Acropolis, II, 43.
+
+  Adamowski, Timothee, II, 55, 58.
+
+  Adams, Charles Follen, II, 270, 273;
+    verse by, II, 335.
+
+  Adams, Mrs. C. F., I, 266.
+
+  Adams, John, I, 4.
+
+  Adams, John Quincy, II, 312.
+
+  Adams, Nehemiah, I, 168.
+
+  _Advertiser, Boston_, II, 195, 222.
+
+  AEgina, I, 73.
+
+  AEschylus, II, 130, 282, 348, 372.
+
+  Agassiz, Alexander, II, 50.
+
+  Agassiz, Elizabeth Cary, I, 124, 345, 361; II, 228, 287, 292.
+
+  Agassiz, Louis, I, 124, 151, 251, 345; II, 150, 158.
+
+  Aide, Hamilton, II, 251.
+
+  Airlie, Lady, II, 254.
+
+  _Alabama_, II, 108.
+
+  Albania, I, 272.
+
+  Albany, I, 342.
+
+  Albert of Savoy, II, 303.
+
+  Albert Victor, II, 9.
+
+  Albinola, Sig., I, 94.
+
+  Alboni, Marietta, I, 87.
+
+  Alcott, A. Bronson, I, 285, 290; II, 57, 120.
+
+  Aldrich, Mrs. Richard, II, 367.
+
+  Aldrich, T. B., I, 244, 262; II, 70, 354, 357, 358.
+
+  Aldrich, Mrs. T. B., I, 245.
+
+  Alger, Wm. R., I, 207, 244, 245; II, 127, 139, 140.
+
+  Allston, John, I, 12.
+
+  Alma-Tadema, Lady, II, 168, 169.
+
+  Alma-Tadema, Laurence, II, 168, 169, 171.
+
+  Almy, Mr., II, 139.
+
+  Amadeo, II, 31, 278.
+
+  Amalfi, II, 33.
+
+  Amberley, Lady, I, 266.
+
+  Amelie, Queen, II, 30.
+
+  America, I, 7, 11, 207, 247, 267, 273, 320, 344; II, 18, 21, 189.
+
+  American Academy of Arts and Letters, II, 399.
+
+  American Academy of Science, I, 251, 259.
+
+  American Authors, Society of, II, 355.
+
+  American Branch, International Peace Society, I, 306.
+
+  American Civil War, I, 176, 186, 219-22; II, 253.
+
+  American Institute of Education, II, 68.
+
+  _American Notes_, I, 81.
+
+  American Peace Society, I, 303.
+
+  American Revolution, I, 6.
+
+  American School of Archaeology, Athens, II, 243.
+
+  American Woman Suffrage Association, I, 365.
+
+  Ames, Mr., II, 166, 167.
+
+  Ames, Charles Gordon, I, 392; II, 187,193, 216, 229, 273, 280, 287,
+        288, 298, 324, 328, 358, 361.
+
+  Ames, Fanny, II, 297.
+
+  Ames, Mrs. Sheldon, II, 22.
+
+  Amsterdam, II, 11.
+
+  Anacreon, I, 289.
+
+  Anagnos, Julia R., I, 96, 104, 106, 114, 115, 116, 119, 122, 126,
+        128, 133, 159-63, 172, 181, 216, 249-51, 264, 265, 267, 297,
+        349, 350, 352; II, 46, 59, 65, 70, 73, 74, 115-20, 123, 127,
+        128, 129, 164, 349.
+
+  Anagnos, Michael, I, 273, 281, 288-90, 297, 331, 332; II, 116-18,
+        129, 228, 229, 293, 300, 347, 348, 349, 357, 360.
+
+  Ancient and Honorable Artillery Company, I, 232.
+
+  Anderson, Hendrik, II, 240, 243, 244, 248, 252.
+
+  Anderson, Isabel, II, 233.
+
+  Anderson, Larz, I, 169; II, 233, 287.
+
+  Andrew, John A., I, 150, 151, 186, 189, 195, 220, 231, 233, 238, 239,
+        246, 261, 283, 381; II, 105, 265, 323.
+
+  Andrew, Mrs. J. A., I, 186, 231.
+
+  Andrews, E. B., II, 187.
+
+  Anniversary Week, I, 389; II, 151.
+
+  Anthony, Susan, II, 344.
+
+  Antioch College, I, 169.
+
+  Antonayades, Mr., II, 34.
+
+  Antwerp, I, 279; II, 11, 172.
+
+  Antwerp Cathedral, II, 11, 172.
+
+  Antwerp Musee, II, 11, 172, 173.
+
+  Ap Thomas, Mr., I, 266.
+
+  Apocrypha, I, 317.
+
+  Appleton, Fanny. _See_ Longfellow.
+
+  Appleton, Maud, II, 58.
+
+  Appleton, T. G., I, 159, 359; II, 92, 93.
+
+  Argos, I, 275, 277.
+
+  Argyll, Elizabeth, Duchess of, I, 267.
+
+  Argyll, G. D., Campbell, Duke of, I, 267.
+
+  Argyll, ninth Duke of, I, 267; II, 223.
+
+  Arion Musical Society, II, 173.
+
+  Aristophanes, I, 329; II, 98, 128, 130.
+
+  Aristotle, I, 335; II, 7, 169, 174, 348, 372.
+
+  Armenia, II, 189, 190, 209, 215.
+
+  Armenia, Friends of, II, 190, 191.
+
+  Armstrong, S. C., II, 91.
+
+  Army Register, I, 344.
+
+  Arnold, Benedict, I, 5.
+
+  Arnold, Matthew, II, 87.
+
+  Arthur, Chester A., II, 101.
+
+  Ascension Church, I, 70.
+
+  Assiout, II, 36.
+
+  Association for the Advancement of Women, I, 361, 373-76, 383, 384;
+        II, 29, 58, 73, 84, 90, 91, 95, 97, 98, 131, 141, 152, 162,
+        178, 180, 183, 199, 200, 207, 209, 268.
+
+  Astor, Emily. _See_ Ward.
+
+  Astor, John, I, 121.
+
+  Astor, Wm. B., I, 57, 99.
+
+  Athens, I, 273, 274, 275, 278, 287; II, 43, 243.
+
+  Athens Museum, II, 43.
+
+  Atherstone, I, 97, 280.
+
+  Athol, I, 119.
+
+  Atkinson, Edward, II, 62, 177.
+
+  Atlanta, II, 207, 208.
+
+  Atlantic, II, 75.
+
+  _Atlantic Monthly_, I, 176, 188; II, 295.
+
+  Augusta, Empress, II, 22.
+
+  Austria, I, 94.
+
+  Authors Club, Boston, II, 270, 271, 320, 334, 340, 341, 354, 357.
+
+  Avignon, I, 97.
+
+
+  Babcock, Mrs. C. A., II, 215.
+
+  Bacon, Gorham, II, 49.
+
+  Baddeley, Mr., II, 246.
+
+  Baez, Buenaventura, I, 323, 325, 328, 329, 334.
+
+  Bailey, Jacob, I, 37, 52.
+
+  Bairam, feast of, II, 34.
+
+  Baker, Lady, I, 267.
+
+  Baker, Sir Samuel, I, 266.
+
+  Baltimore, I, 169, 240; II, 343, 344.
+
+  Baluet, Judith. _See_ Marion.
+
+  Balzac, Honore de, I, 67.
+
+  Bancroft, George, I, 46, 209, 230; II, 139.
+
+  Bank of Commerce, I, 17, 63.
+
+  Bank of England, I, 62.
+
+  Bank of the United States, I, 62.
+
+  Banks, N. P., I, 172.
+
+  Barlow, Gen. Francis, I, 192; II, 61.
+
+  Barlow, Mrs. Francis, I, 192.
+
+  Barnardo, T. J., II, 165.
+
+  Barnstable, I, 231, 232, 233.
+
+  Barrows, S. J., II, 229.
+
+  Barrows, Mrs. S. J., II, 209, 228.
+
+  Bartenders' Union, I, 391.
+
+  Bartol, C. A., I, 221, 222, 234, 245, 286, 346; II, 127.
+
+  Barton, Clara, II, 210, 215.
+
+  Batcheller, Mrs. Alfred, II, 269.
+
+  Batcheller, Mrs. Frank, II, 292.
+
+  Battle Abbey, I, 4.
+
+  _Battle Hymn_, I, 9, 173, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 230, 234; II, 108,
+        125, 136, 155, 191, 233, 250, 265, 273, 279, 311, 327, 349,
+        351, 354, 365, 381, 392, 411, 412.
+
+  Baur, F. C., I, 329, 332, 333, 335, 356.
+
+  Bayard, T. F., II, 96.
+
+  Beach, H. P., II, 61, 73, 76, 90.
+
+  Beal, J. A., II, 322.
+
+  Bedford, Duchess of, II, 171.
+
+  Bedford Hills, II, 364.
+
+  Beecher, Catherine, I, 110.
+
+  Beecher, H. W., I, 226, 365; II, 123, 235.
+
+  Beethoven, L. van, II, 19, 157, 351.
+
+  Belgium, I, 279, 280; II, 172.
+
+  Belknap, Jane, I, 128.
+
+  Bell, Helen, II, 150.
+
+  Bellini, Vincenzo, II, 313.
+
+  Bellows, H. W., II, 57.
+
+  Benzon, Mrs., I, 265, 266.
+
+  Berdan, Mrs., II, 227.
+
+  Bergson, Henri, II, 401.
+
+  Berlin, I, 93, 94; II, 12, 19.
+
+  Bernhardt, Sarah, II, 227.
+
+  Besant, Walter, II, 171.
+
+  Bethany, II, 40.
+
+  Bethlehem, II, 38.
+
+  Bible, I, 46, 53, 109, 208, 254, 310, 323, 336, 340, 344, 385;
+        II, 95, 174, 231.
+
+  Bigelow, Mary, I, 145.
+
+  Bigelow, Susan, I, 145; II, 231.
+
+  Birckhead, Caroline, II, 233.
+
+  Birckhead, Christopher, II, 407.
+
+  Birckhead, Hugh, II, 410.
+
+  Bird, F. W., Sr., II, 187.
+
+  Bishop, Mr., I, 240, 241.
+
+  Bisland, Elizabeth, II, 108.
+
+  Bismarck, Otto von, II, 19, 303.
+
+  Bjoernson, Bjoernstjerne, II, 243, 247.
+
+  Black, Wm., II, 9.
+
+  Blackstone, Wm., I, 73.
+
+  Blackwell, Alice, II, 190, 233, 325.
+
+  Blackwell, Antoinette, I, 375; II, 152, 154.
+
+  Blackwell, Henry, I, 332; II, 190.
+
+  Blair, Montgomery, I, 238.
+
+  Blanc, Louis, II, 24.
+
+  Blind, work for the, I, 73; II, 347. _See also_ Perkins Institution
+        _and_ Kindergarten.
+
+  Bloomsbury, II, 4, 7.
+
+  _Boatswain's Whistle_, I, 210, 211.
+
+  Boer War, II, 272.
+
+  Bologna, II, 27.
+
+  Bonaparte, Joseph, I, 147, 328.
+
+  Bond Street, I, 22.
+
+  Bonheur, Rosa, II, 20.
+
+  Boocock, Mr., I, 43, 44.
+
+  Booth, Charles, II, 166.
+
+  Booth, Edwin, I, 172, 177, 203-05, 219, 327; II, 69, 70, 97,
+        183, 198, 345.
+
+  Booth, J. Wilkes, I, 220, 221.
+
+  Booth, Mary, I, 200, 204.
+
+  Boppart, I, 133.
+
+  Boston, I, 67, 70, 74, 75, 102-04, 111, 123, 126, 127, 129, 130,
+        132, 156, 176, 203, 207, 249, 261, 294; II, 60, 87, 92, 130,
+        168, 171, 181, 363.
+
+  Boston Armenian Relief Committee, II, 189.
+
+  Boston Conservatory of Music, II, 181, 217.
+
+  Boston Museum, I, 166; II, 158.
+
+  Boston Symphony Orchestra, II, 373.
+
+  Boston Theatre, I, 203, 210, 350; II, 210.
+
+  Bostwick, Mr., II, 225.
+
+  Bottomore, Billy, I, 53, 54.
+
+  Bourbon dynasty, I, 310.
+
+  Bowditch, H. I., II, 187.
+
+  Bowles, Ada C., I, 318, 390.
+
+  Boys' Reform School, I, 233.
+
+  Bracebridge, C. N., I, 97, 280.
+
+  Bracebridge, Mrs. C. N., I, 97, 280.
+
+  Brahms, Johannes, II, 71, 156, 210.
+
+  Brain Club, I, 201, 202, 215, 257, 264, 281.
+
+  Brattleboro, I, 118, 119.
+
+  Breadwinners' College, II, 128.
+
+  Breschkovskaya, Catherine, II, 187, 188.
+
+  Bridgman, Laura, I, 73, 74, 89, 95, 101, 102, 133; II, 8, 145,
+        262, 293.
+
+  Bright, Jacob, I, 314.
+
+  Broadwood, Louisa, II, 247, 255.
+
+  Bronte, Charlotte, I, 170.
+
+  Brooke, Lord, II, 165.
+
+  Brooke, Stopford, II, 167.
+
+  Brooklyn, I, 27; II, 202.
+
+  Brooks, C. T., I, 255; II, 56.
+
+  Brooks, Phillips, II, 75, 126, 127, 141, 162, 171, 172, 179.
+
+  Brooks, Preston, I, 168.
+
+  Brown, Anna, II, 57.
+
+  Brown, Charlotte Emerson, II, 182.
+
+  Brown, John, I, 151, 177, 179, 187, 381; II, 234.
+
+  Brown, Mrs. John, I, 177.
+
+  Brown, Olympia, I, 389.
+
+  Brown University, I, 72, 297; II, 392.
+
+  Browning, E. B., I, 201, 266; II, 167.
+
+  Browning, Robert, I, 266; II, 5, 84, 171, 227, 306, 367.
+
+  Bruce, Mr., II, 167.
+
+  Bruce, Mrs. E. M., I, 389, 391.
+
+  Bruges, I, 280.
+
+  Brummel, G. B., I, 316.
+
+  Brussels, I, 279.
+
+  Bryant, W. C., I, 209, 304; II, 197, 198.
+
+  Bryce, James, II, 168.
+
+  Buck, Florence, I, 391.
+
+  Buffalo, I, 376; II, 90, 139.
+
+  Buller, Charles, I, 82.
+
+  Bullock, A. H., I, 249.
+
+  Bulwer-Lytton, E., I, 262; II, 206.
+
+  Burne-Jones, Mrs. E., II, 169.
+
+  Burns, Robert, I, 139.
+
+  Burr, Mrs., II, 130.
+
+  Burt, Mr., II, 248.
+
+  Busoni, Sig., II, 192.
+
+  Butcher, S. H., II, 323.
+
+  Butler, Josephine, II, 21.
+
+  Butler, W. A., II, 248, 306.
+
+  Butterworth, Hezekiah, II, 228, 270.
+
+  Byron, G. Gordon, Lord, I, 68; II, 296.
+
+
+  Cable, G. W., II, 87.
+
+  Cabot, Elliot, II, 363.
+
+  Caine, Hall, II, 243, 248, 250.
+
+  Cairo, II, 34, 35, 36, 182.
+
+  California, II, 131, 135, 154.
+
+  Calypso, I, 272.
+
+  Cambridge Club, II, 66.
+
+  Campagna, I, 95, 134.
+
+  Campanari, Sig., II, 270.
+
+  Campbell, Dudley, II, 8.
+
+  Campello, Count Salome di, II, 273, 285, 302.
+
+  Cardini, Sig., I, 43, 44.
+
+  Carignan, Prince de, II, 31.
+
+  Carlisle, Lady, I, 85, 87; II, 166.
+
+  Carlisle, G. W. F. Howard, Earl of, I, 81, 85, 88.
+
+  Carlyle, Thomas, I, 84, 86, 172; II, 65, 85, 86.
+
+  Carlyle, Mrs. Thomas, I, 84; II, 85, 86.
+
+  Cary, Mrs., I, 159.
+
+  Casino Theatre, II, 54, 68, 77.
+
+  Catlin, Mrs., II, 179.
+
+  Catucci, Count, II, 243.
+
+  Catucci, Countess, II, 243.
+
+  Century Club, I, 258.
+
+  Cerito, I, 87, 88.
+
+  Ceuta, II, 234.
+
+  Chabreuil, Vicomte de, I, 257.
+
+  Chambrun, Marquis de, I, 239.
+
+  Chamounix, II, 20.
+
+  Chanler, Alida, II, 225.
+
+  Chanler, Margaret. _See_ Aldrich, Mrs. Richard.
+
+  Chanler, Margaret Terry, II, 55, 57, 60, 65, 67, 174, 176, 202,
+        220, 224, 240, 243, 244, 253, 254, 303.
+
+  Chanler, T. W., II, 303, 304.
+
+  Chanler, Winthrop, II, 72, 94, 174, 225, 243, 303.
+
+  Channing, Eva, II, 208.
+
+  Channing, W. E., I, 70, 72, 200; II, 56, 57, 77, 108, 142.
+
+  Channing, W. H., I, 286; II, 57, 194.
+
+  Channing Memorial Church, II, 78.
+
+  Chapman, Elizabeth, II, 215, 224, 289.
+
+  Chapman, J. J., II, 361.
+
+  Charitable Eye and Ear Infirmary, I, 129.
+
+  Charity Club, II, 228.
+
+  Charleston, I, 11.
+
+  Chase, Jacob, II, 57, 58.
+
+  Chase, Mrs. Jacob, II, 57.
+
+  Chatelet, Mme. du, II, 23.
+
+  Chaucer, Geoffrey, II, 271.
+
+  Cheney, E. D., I, 341, 375; II, 88, 119, 152, 195, 208, 266, 302,
+        324, 328.
+
+  Chester, II, 4, 164.
+
+  Chicago, I, 374; II, 87, 131, 138, 178, 180, 184.
+
+  Chickering, Mr., I, 120.
+
+  Chopin, Frederic, II, 55, 170, 351.
+
+  _Christian Herald_, II, 278.
+
+  _Christian Register_, II, 62.
+
+  Church of Rome, II, 241.
+
+  Church of the Disciples, I, 186, 237, 284, 346, 392; II, 56.
+
+  Cincinnati, I, 169.
+
+  City Point, II, 75.
+
+  Clarke, Bishop, II, 198.
+
+  Clarke, J. F., I, 177, 185, 186, 187, 198, 211, 219, 236, 239,
+        247, 257, 263, 286, 290, 346, 362, 375, 392; II, 66, 67,
+        70, 76, 137, 159, 234, 280, 402, 403.
+
+  Clarke, Mrs. J. F., II, 217.
+
+  Clarke, Sarah, I, 237.
+
+  Claudius, Matthias, I, 67, 68; II, 71.
+
+  Clay, Henry, I, 98.
+
+  Clemens, S. L., II, 50, 187, 341.
+
+  Clement, E. H., II, 320;
+    verse by, 335.
+
+  Cleveland, I, 365, 377; II, 139.
+
+  Cleveland, Henry, I, 74.
+
+  Cobb, Dr., II, 410.
+
+  Cobbe, Frances P., I, 266, 314; II, 62.
+
+  Cobden-Sanderson, Mr., II, 367.
+
+  Cobden-Sanderson, Mrs., II, 367.
+
+  Cochrane, Jessie, II, 240, 246, 249.
+
+  Coggeshall, Joseph, I, 253; II, 57.
+
+  Cogswell, J. G., I, 46, 104, 184.
+
+  Colby, Clara, II, 180.
+
+  Cole, Thomas, I, 42.
+
+  Colfax, Schuyler, I, 378.
+
+  Collegio Romano, II, 255.
+
+  _Colliers' Weekly_, II, 391.
+
+  Collyer, Robert, II, 62, 230, 255, 344.
+
+  Cologne, I, 92; II, 173.
+
+  Colonial Dames, II, 198.
+
+  Colorado, I, 372.
+
+  Columba Kang, II, 91.
+
+  Columbia University, II, 227.
+
+  Columbian Exposition, II, 107, 178, 181, 182, 184.
+
+  Columbus, Christopher, I, 323; II, 178, 194, 244, 357.
+
+  Combe, George, I, 95.
+
+  _Commonwealth_, I, 141, 142.
+
+  Concord, Mass., I, 152, 177; II, 57, 61, 77, 128, 194.
+
+  Concord, N.H., I, 254.
+
+  Concord Prison, II, 252.
+
+  Concord School of Philosophy, II, 118, 119, 120, 128.
+
+  Constantinople, I, 345; II, 35, 42.
+
+  Continental Congress, I, 4.
+
+  Conway, M. D., I, 306.
+
+  Cook's agency, II, 34, 41.
+
+  Cookson, Mr., II, 170.
+
+  Coolidge, Joseph, II, 313.
+
+  Copperheads, I, 239.
+
+  Coquelin, B. C., II, 288, 289.
+
+  Coquerel, Athanase, I, 286; II, 315.
+
+  Corday, Charlotte, I, 12.
+
+  Cordes, Charlotte, I, 12.
+
+  Corea, II, 91.
+
+  Corfu, I, 272.
+
+  Corne, Father, I, 53, 54.
+
+  Corot, J. B. C., II, 172.
+
+  Corse, Gen., II, 380.
+
+  Cotta, J. F., I, 202.
+
+  Council of Italian Women, II, 254, 255.
+
+  Cowell, Mary, I, 13.
+
+  Crabbe, George, I, 13.
+
+  Cram, R. A., II, 156.
+
+  Cramer, J. B., I, 43.
+
+  Crawford, Annie. _See_ Rabe.
+
+  Crawford, Eleanor, II, 389.
+
+  Crawford, F. Marion, I, 130, 254, 255, 362; II, 28, 31, 65, 69-71,
+        80, 81, 84, 240, 362, 376, 389.
+
+  Crawford, Mrs. F. M., II, 240.
+
+  Crawford, Harold, II, 240.
+
+  Crawford, Louisa W., I, 18, 19, 30, 34, 35, 58, 59, 70, 78, 79, 95,
+        103, 115, 118, 130, 134.
+    Letters to, I, 81, 84, 88, 92, 110, 111, 113-17, 119-22, 125-29, 130,
+          131, 155-59, 168, 170-72. _See also_ Terry, Louisa.
+
+  Crawford, Thomas, I, 41, 95, 115; II, 55, 389.
+
+  Crete, I, 260-62, 264, 275-77, 278, 287; II, 43, 44, 225, 394.
+
+  Crimea, I, 294.
+
+  Crimean War, II, 189.
+
+  _Critic, N.Y._, II, 66.
+
+  Crothers, S. McC., II, 320.
+
+  Crusaders, II, 15.
+
+  Cuba, I, 173, 176, 177, 326.
+
+  Cuckson, Mr., II, 203.
+
+  Cumberland Lakes, I, 92.
+
+  Curiel, Senor, I, 324.
+
+  Curtis, G. W., I, 143, 159, 160; II, 93.
+    Letter of, II, 147.
+
+  Cushing, Mr., II, 74, 75.
+
+  Cushing, Louisa, II, 227.
+
+  Cushman, Charlotte, I, 204; II, 345.
+
+  Cutler, B. C., Sr., I, 10, 13, 17.
+
+  Cutler, B. C., 2d, I, 27, 28, 38, 39, 107; II, 222, 364.
+
+  Cutler, Eliza. _See_ Francis.
+
+  Cutler, John, I, 10, 12.
+
+  Cutler, Julia. _See_ Ward.
+
+  Cutler, Louisa. _See_ McAllister.
+
+  Cutler, Sarah M. H., I, 10, 12, 13, 17, 39, 40, 42; II, 319.
+
+  Cyclades, I, 272.
+
+  Cyprus, II, 42.
+
+  Czerwinsk, II, 12, 13, 14.
+
+
+  Dana, R. H., Jr., I, 226.
+
+  D'Annunzio, II, 285.
+
+  Dante, Alighieri, I, 174, 330; II, 26, 27, 120,357.
+
+  Dantzig, II, 15, 18.
+
+  Daubigny, C. F., II, 172.
+
+  Daughters of the American Revolution, II, 179, 194, 351.
+
+  Davenport, E. L., I, 204.
+
+  Davidson, Thomas, II, 128.
+
+  Davidson, Wm., letter of, II, 390.
+
+  Davis, James C., I, 201, 251.
+
+  Davis, Jefferson, I, 222.
+
+  Davis, Mary F., I, 304.
+
+  Davis, Theodore, II, 251.
+
+  Dead Sea, II, 38, 39.
+
+  Declaration of Independence, I, 4.
+
+  DeKoven, Reginald, II, 195.
+
+  Deland, Lorin, II, 332, 333.
+
+  Deland, Margaret, II, 303, 332.
+
+  _Delineator_, II, 381.
+
+  DeLong, G. W., I, 322, 325.
+
+  Demesmaker. _See_ Cutler, John.
+
+  Denver, II, 152, 153.
+
+  Descartes, Rene, II, 397.
+
+  Desgrange, Mme., II, 240.
+
+  Detroit, II, 141.
+
+  Devonshire, Duchess of, II, 8.
+
+  Devonshire, Wm. Cavendish, Duke of, II, 8.
+
+  DeWars, Mr., II, 224.
+
+  Diana, Temple of, II, 6.
+
+  Diaz, Abby M., II, 323.
+
+  Dickens, Catherine, I, 85.
+
+  Dickens, Charles, I, 71, 81, 83, 84, 87, 286.
+
+  Diman, Mr., II, 304.
+
+  Dirschau, II, 14.
+
+  Dix, Dorothea, I, 73.
+
+  Dole, N. H., II, 273.
+
+  Donald, Dr., II, 199, 200, 203.
+
+  Doolittle, Senator, I, 239.
+
+  Dore, Gustave, II, 248.
+
+  Dorr, Mary W., I, 74, 128, 214.
+
+  Downer, Mr., II, 362.
+
+  Doyle, Lt., II, 104.
+
+  Draper, Gov., II, 253.
+
+  Dresel, Otto, I, 245; II, 375.
+
+  Dublin, I, 88, 90.
+
+  Dubois, Prof., II, 261, 262.
+
+  DuMaurier, George, II, 239.
+
+  Dunbar, P. L., II, 261.
+
+  Dunbar, Mrs. P. L., II, 262.
+
+  Duncan, W. A., II, 96.
+
+  Dunkirk, II, 121.
+
+  Duse, Eleanore, II, 223.
+
+  Dwight, J. S., I, 265; II, 129, 150, 157.
+
+  Dwight, Mary, II, 74.
+
+
+  Eames, Mr., I, 247.
+
+  Eames, Mrs., I, 238, 246.
+
+  Eastburn, Manton, I, 70, 107.
+
+  Eddy, Sarah, J., II, 126.
+
+  Edgeworth, Maria, I, 89, 90.
+
+  Edgeworthtown, I, 88.
+
+  Edward VII, II, 9.
+
+  Eels, Mr., II, 262.
+
+  Egypt, II, 34, 38.
+
+  Eliot, Charles W., II, 355, 356.
+
+  Eliot, Samuel, II, 92, 126, 194, 288.
+
+  Eliot, Mrs. Samuel, II, 194.
+
+  Eliot, S. A., II, 265, 275, 299.
+
+  Elliott, John, II, 125, 131, 164, 165, 234, 239, 240, 256, 287,
+        295, 298, 303, 312, 408.
+
+  Elliott, Maud Howe, I, 112, 146, 166, 205, 217, 219, 222, 228, 265,
+        317, 322, 329, 332, 334, 339, 342, 343, 346, 348, 353, 366;
+        II, 4, 7, 9, 28, 31, 36, 44, 57, 61, 62, 65, 67, 68-71, 73, 83,
+        90, 94, 98, 101, 113-15, 119, 122, 125, 131, 132, 138, 146, 158,
+        164, 169, 182, 207, 234, 236, 238, 240, 241, 244, 247, 249, 251,
+        255, 256, 281, 284, 285, 288, 290, 292, 294, 295, 298, 302-04,
+        312-14, 318, 320, 322, 324, 328, 340, 341, 363, 369, 370, 381,
+        397, 399, 404, 405, 408, 410, 414.
+    Letters to, II, 132, 138, 139, 155, 156, 193, 195-200, 202, 217, 218,
+          220, 224, 226, 227, 231.
+
+  Elmira Reformatory, II, 107.
+
+  Elssler, Fanny, I, 87.
+
+  Elsteth, I, 349; II, 57.
+
+  Embley, I, 97.
+
+  Emerson, Miss, II, 224.
+
+  Emerson, Edward, II, 378.
+
+  Emerson, R. W., I, 70, 72, 87, 139, 140, 177, 209, 290; II, 10, 50,
+        56, 61, 76, 77, 120, 137, 143, 250, 263, 304, 363.
+    Letter of, I, 139.
+
+  Emerson, Mrs. R. W., II, 61, 76, 87.
+
+  England, I, 85, 93, 312; II, 9, 10, 21, 164, 296.
+
+  England, Church of, II, 174.
+
+  Ephesus, II, 5.
+
+  Europe, I, 138; II, 4, 12, 188.
+    _See also_ separate countries.
+
+  Evangelides, Christy, I, 42, 272.
+
+  Evans, Lawrence, II, 324.
+
+  _Evening Express, Newport_, II, 54.
+
+  _Evening Post, N. Y._, II, 156.
+
+  Everett, Edward, I, 87, 168, 210, 211; II, 317.
+
+
+  Fairchild, Sarah, II, 157.
+
+  Faneuil Hall, II, 88, 190.
+
+  Fano, I, 272.
+
+  Farinata, I, 174.
+
+  Farman, Mr., II, 36.
+
+  Farrar, Canon, II, 252.
+
+  Fast Day, abolition of, II, 193.
+
+  Faucit, Helen, I, 87.
+
+  Fellows, Sir Charles, I, 85.
+
+  Feltham, Owen, I, 13, 40.
+
+  Felton, Cornelius, I, 74, 120; II, 44.
+
+  Felton, Mrs. Cornelius, I, 124; II, 43, 228.
+
+  Felu, Charles, I, 279, 280; II, 12, 173.
+
+  _Female Poets of America_, I, 17, 131.
+
+  Fenn, Mr., II, 181.
+
+  Fenollosa, II, 169.
+
+  Fern, Fanny, II, 48.
+
+  Ferney, II, 22, 23.
+
+  Ferrette, Bishop, I, 353.
+
+  Fessenden, W. P., I, 239.
+
+  Fichte, J. G., I, 196, 197, 250, 252, 253, 255-59, 263, 286, 287, 298.
+
+  Field, Mrs. D. D., I, 134.
+
+  Field, John, I, 227.
+
+  Field, Kate, II, 48.
+
+  Fields, Annie, II, 187, 228, 299, 317, 344, 378.
+
+  Fields, J. T., I, 137, 143, 262.
+
+  Fisher, Dr., I, 113, 114.
+
+  Fiske, John, I, 312, 344.
+
+  Fitch, Mr., II, 376.
+
+  Fitch, Clyde, II, 354.
+
+  Fitz, Mr., II, 62.
+
+  Five of Clubs, I, 74, 110, 128; II, 74.
+
+  _Flibbertigibbet_, II, 144, 145, 367.
+
+  Florence, I, 175.
+
+  Florida, II, 268.
+
+  Flower, Constance, II, 168.
+
+  Flynt, Baker, II, 230.
+
+  Foley, Margaret, I, 227, 237.
+
+  Forbes, John, II, 279.
+
+  Forbes, John M., II, 109, 177.
+
+  Foresti, Felice, I, 94, 104.
+
+  Fort Independence, I, 346.
+
+  _Forum_, II, 182.
+
+  Foster, L. S., I, 248.
+
+  Foulke, Dudley, I, 365; II, 188.
+
+  Foundling Hospital, II, 8.
+
+  Fowler, O. S., I, 98, 99.
+
+  Fox, Charles, II, 265.
+
+  France, I, 131, 300, 308, 310; II, 9, 20, 26, 34.
+
+  Francis, Eliza C., I, 18, 25, 26, 27, 31, 42, 103, 150, 230; II, 319.
+
+  Francis, J. W., I, 18, 19, 26, 27, 36, 42, 57, 114, 150; II, 251.
+
+  Francis, V. M., II, 362.
+
+  Franco-Prussian War, I, 300; II, 13, 20.
+
+  Franklin, Benjamin, I, 6.
+
+  Fredericksburg, I, 192.
+
+  Free Religious Club. _See_ Radical Club.
+
+  Freeman, Edward, I, 95, 134.
+
+  Freeman, Mrs. Edward, I, 95, 134.
+
+  _Fremdenblatt_, II, 19.
+
+  French Revolution, I, 12.
+
+  Fries, Wulf, I, 145.
+
+  _From the Oak to the Olive_, I, 265, 269.
+
+  Frothingham, Octavius, I, 304.
+
+  Froude, J. A., II, 86.
+
+  Fuller, Margaret, I, 69, 72, 87, 346; II, 76, 84, 85, 86, 142,
+        404, 405.
+
+  Furness, W. H., I, 304.
+
+
+  Gainsborough, Lady, II, 6.
+
+  Gallup, Charles, II, 310.
+
+  Galveston, II, 279.
+
+  Gambetta, Leon, II, 25.
+
+  Garcia method, I, 43.
+
+  Gardiner, II, 122, 163, 194, 337.
+
+  Gardiner, J. H., II, 267.
+
+  Gardner, Mrs. Jack, II, 70, 82, 150, 182, 192.
+
+  Garfield, J. A., II, 69.
+
+  Garibaldi, Giuseppe, II, 242.
+
+  Garrett, Thomas, I, 151.
+
+  Garrison, F. J., II, 187, 218, 411.
+
+  Garrison, W. L., I, 240, 345, 362; II, 45, 108, 187, 190.
+
+  Gautier, Senor, I, 325, 332.
+
+  Gay, Willard, I, 298.
+
+  Gayarre, Judge, II, 103.
+
+  Geddes, Pres., II, 357.
+
+  General Federation of Women's Clubs, I, 294, 295, 384; II, 182,
+        195, 207, 379.
+
+  Geneva, I, 278, 345; II, 20, 22, 26.
+
+  Gennadius, John, II, 6.
+
+  George I, II, 44.
+
+  George IV, I, 262.
+
+  George, Henry, II, 247.
+
+  Georgetown, I, 12.
+
+  Germany, I, 147, 197; II, 18, 19.
+
+  Gethsemane, II, 41.
+
+  Gettysburg, I, 189.
+
+  Giachetti, Baron, II, 246.
+
+  Giachetti, Baroness, II, 246.
+
+  Gibbs, Augusta, I, 121.
+
+  Gilbert, W. S., II, 9.
+
+  Gilder, R. W., II, 264, 354.
+
+  Gillow, Mgr., II, 103.
+
+  Gilmore, P. S., I, 223.
+
+  Gilmour, J. R., I, 254, 255.
+
+  Gladstone, Commander, II, 167.
+
+  Gladstone, W. E., II, 6, 7.
+
+  Gladstone, Mrs. W. E., II, 6.
+
+  Glover, Russell, I, 54, 55.
+
+  Goddard, Mrs. Wm., II, 393.
+
+  Godiva, I, 97; II, 173.
+
+  Godkin, Mr., II, 202.
+
+  Godwin, Parke, II, 198.
+
+  Goethe, J. W. von, I, 67; II, 32.
+
+  Goldsmith, Mrs. Julian, II, 9.
+
+  Gonfalonieri, Count, I, 94.
+
+  Goodwin, W. W., II, 47, 48.
+
+  Gordon, G. A., II, 203.
+
+  Goschen, Edward, II, 8.
+
+  Gosse, Edmund, II, 167.
+
+  Gosse, Mrs. Edmund, II, 168.
+
+  Graham, Isabella, I, 17.
+
+  Grand Army of the Republic, II, 135, 387.
+
+  Grant, Robert, II, 320.
+    Verse by, 335.
+
+  Grant, U.S., I, 213, 237, 246, 320; II, 25, 26.
+
+  Grant, Mrs. U. S., II, 26.
+
+  Granville, G. G. Leveson-Gower, Earl, II, 9.
+
+  Grasshopper, I, 382.
+
+  Graves, Mary H., I, 388-90; II, 117, 118, 184, 324, 386.
+
+  Gray, Thomas, II, 167.
+
+  Greece, I, 72, 73, 246, 248, 262, 263, 267, 272, 275, 278, 297,
+        308, 364; II, 225.
+
+  Greek Revolution, I, 72, 118, 261.
+
+  Greeley, Isabel, II, 101.
+
+  Green, J. R., II, 9.
+
+  Green, Mrs. J. R., II, 300.
+
+  Green Peace, I, 111-13, 119, 121, 125, 128, 129, 146, 147, 150,
+        151, 154, 163, 194, 283, 339, 355, 356.
+
+  Green Peace, new, II, 364, 381.
+
+  Greene, Nancy, I, 9, 78.
+
+  Greene, Nathanael, I, 9.
+
+  Greene, Nathanael, II, 220.
+
+  Greene, Phoebe, I, 6, 65.
+
+  Greene, Gov. Wm., I, 6, 9.
+
+  Greene, Wm., I, 170.
+
+  Greene, Wm. B., I, 366.
+
+  Greenhalge, Frederick, II, 191, 200.
+
+  Gregory XVI, I, 95.
+
+  Griggs, E. H., II, 297.
+
+  Grisi, Giulia, I, 86, 87, 316; II, 250, 350.
+
+  Griswold, Rufus, I, 17, 131.
+
+  Groton, II, 62.
+
+  Guild, Mrs. Charles, II, 295.
+
+  Guild, Sam, I, 124.
+
+  Guizot, F. P. G., I, 97, 272.
+
+  Gulesian, N. H., II, 190, 216.
+
+  Gurowski, Count, I, 246, 259.
+
+  Gustine, Mrs., I, 386, 387.
+
+
+  Hague, II, 10, 11, 172.
+
+  Hague Conferences, II, 381.
+
+  Hahn, Dr., I, 272.
+
+  Hale, E. E., I, 294; II, 62, 75, 81, 150, 194, 268, 272, 273,
+        299, 364.
+
+  Hale, Sarah, I, 128.
+
+  Halifax, I, 80.
+
+  Hall, Alice, II, 294, 339, 362.
+
+  Hall, Anne, I, 64.
+
+  Hall, Caroline. _See_ Birckhead.
+
+  Hall, D. P., I, 263, 297; II, 294, 340, 362, 363, 368.
+
+  Hall, Eleanor, II, 385.
+
+  Hall, Florence Howe, I, 112-17, 119, 122, 126, 128, 133, 147, 161,
+        163, 169, 170, 196, 201, 202, 216, 222, 237, 238, 263, 265, 277,
+        279, 297, 340, 341, 343, 349; II, 46, 57, 67, 68, 116, 119, 123,
+        124, 158, 195, 196, 206, 207, 208, 221, 235, 294, 302, 316, 339,
+        344, 375, 410.
+    Letters to, II, 92, 362.
+
+  Hall, Frances, II, 339, 362.
+
+  Hall, H. M., II, 67, 294, 313, 324, 339.
+
+  Hall, J. H., II, 67, 68, 98, 293.
+
+  Hall, Julia W. H., II, 313.
+
+  Hall, Prescott, I, 41.
+
+  Hall, S. P., I, 340, 341, 343; II, 183.
+
+  Hallowell, Mrs. Richard, II, 266.
+
+  Hals, Franz, II, 10.
+
+  Hampstead, II, 170.
+
+  Handel, G. F., II, 351, 386.
+
+  Handel and Haydn Society, I, 237, 290.
+
+  Hapgood, Norman, II, 354.
+
+  Hare, Augustus, II, 5.
+
+  Harland, Henry, II, 165, 171, 172.
+
+  Harland, Mrs. Henry, II, 167, 171, 172.
+
+  Harrisburg, I, 386.
+
+  Hart, Mayor, II, 162.
+
+  Harte, Bret, II, 47.
+
+  Hartington, S. C. Cavendish, honorary Marquis, II, 44.
+
+  Harvard, I, 237, 297; II, 47, 48, 72, 183, 338, 374.
+
+  Harvard Medical School, I, 72.
+
+  Harvard Musical Concerts, I, 249.
+
+  Havana, I, 126, 176.
+
+  Haven, Gilbert, I, 365.
+
+  Hawthorne, Nathaniel, I, 152; II, 325.
+
+  Hawthorne, Mrs. Nathaniel, I, 79, 152.
+
+  Haydn, Joseph, II, 286.
+
+  Hayti, I, 331.
+
+  Hazeltine, Mrs., II, 248.
+
+  Healy, G. P. A., II, 25.
+
+  Healy, Mrs. G. P. A., II, 25, 26.
+
+  Hedge, Frederick, I, 207, 236, 290, 346, 347; II, 139, 206, 236, 347.
+
+  Hegel, G. W. F., I, 196, 197, 240, 249.
+
+  Heidelberg, II, 174.
+
+  Helbig, Mme., II, 239, 249.
+
+  Hemenway, Mary, II, 193.
+
+  Henderson, L. J., II, 294, 298.
+
+  Henschel, Georg, II, 71.
+
+  Heredity, influence of, I, 1, 14.
+
+  Herford, Brooke, II, 127, 170.
+
+  Herford, Mrs. Brooke, II, 165, 170.
+
+  Herkomer, Hubert, II, 165, 171.
+
+  Herlihy, Dan, II, 322, 323.
+
+  Herodotus, II, 36, 37.
+
+  Heron, Matilda, I, 143, 144.
+
+  Heywood, J. C., II, 244, 245.
+
+  Heywood, Mrs. J. C., II, 244.
+
+  Higginson, T. W., I, 227, 286, 362, 364, 365; II, 48, 49, 60,
+        81, 88, 187, 259, 271-274, 302, 320, 335-37, 346, 354-56,
+        366, 387, 400.
+    Verse by, 335.
+
+  Higher education of women, I, 361, 362; II, 21.
+
+  Hill, Arthur D., II, 406.
+
+  Hill, Thomas, II, 326.
+
+  Hillard, George, I, 71, 74, 120, 128, 151.
+
+  _Hippolytus_, I, 203, 204, 205; II, 345.
+
+  Hoar, G. F., II, 109, 210, 219, 292, 293, 299.
+
+  Hodges, George, II, 320.
+
+  Hohenlohe, Cardinal, II, 241.
+
+  Holland, I, 10; II, 10, 172.
+
+  Holland, J. G., II, 47, 77.
+
+  Holmes, O. W., I, 140-42, 207-11, 262, 286, 294; II, 66, 70, 80,
+        93, 146, 147, 163, 272, 389.
+    Verse by, I, 140.
+
+  Homans, Mrs. Charles, II, 99, 354.
+
+  Home Rule, II, 4, 166.
+
+  Homer, I, 323; II, 5.
+
+  Hooker, Joseph, I, 192.
+
+  Hooper, Ellen, II, 142.
+
+  Hooper, Samuel, I, 239.
+
+  Hopedale, II, 253.
+
+  Horace, I, 153, 192; II, 374, 382.
+
+  Horry, Peter, I, 10, 11, 12.
+
+  Horticulture, I, 23, 24.
+
+  Hosmer, Harriet G., I, 271.
+
+  Hosmer, Martha, II, 325.
+
+  Houghton, R. M. Milnes, Lord, I, 82, 84, 85; II, 5, 9.
+
+  Howard, Charles, I, 267.
+
+  Howard, Lady Mary, I, 85.
+
+  Howard Athenaeum, I, 204, 225.
+
+  Howe, Senator, I, 239.
+
+  Howe, Fannie, I, 298; II, 80, 87, 201, 227, 266, 351, 364.
+    Letter to, II, 338.
+
+  Howe, Florence. _See_ Hall.
+
+  Howe, H. M., I, 130, 131, 228, 237, 238, 265, 297, 298; II, 71, 80,
+        84, 87, 119, 150, 201, 202, 227, 235, 266, 278, 283, 338, 346,
+        350, 351, 413.
+    Letter to, II, 397.
+
+  Howe, J. N., Sr., I, 364.
+
+  Howe, J. N., Jr., I, 258.
+
+  Howe, Julia R. _See_ Anagnos.
+
+  Howe, Julia Ward, ancestry, I, 3-17;
+    birth, 18;
+    childhood, 18-39;
+    early verse, 33-35;
+    girlhood, 41-60;
+    father's death, 61-64;
+    first published writing, 65;
+    brother Henry's death, 66;
+    first philosophical studies, 67-70;
+    engagement and marriage, 72-78;
+    trip to Europe, 79-100;
+    birth of first child, 96;
+    settles at South Boston, 102-07;
+    at Green Peace, 111, 112;
+    birth of second daughter, 112;
+    brother Marion's death, 130;
+    birth of first son, 130,
+    of third daughter, 133;
+    second trip to Europe, 133-35;
+    publication of _Passion Flowers_, 136-44,
+    of _Words for the Hour_, 144,
+    and of _The World's Own_, 144-45;
+    edits paper for her children, 162-64;
+    trip to Cuba, 173-76;
+    publication of _A Trip to Cuba_, 176;
+    _Tribune_ letters, 176;
+    birth and death of second son, 178-84;
+    writing of _Battle Hymn_, 186-91;
+    visit to the army, 192, 193;
+    removal to Chestnut St., 194;
+    philosophical studies and essays, 195-202, 206, 208, 213-19, 222,
+          224, 225, 227, 229-31, 236, 249, 250-53, 259;
+    writing of _Hippolytus_, 203-05;
+    edits _Boatswain's Whistle_, 210-12;
+    purchase of Boylston Place house, 231-34;
+    publication of _Later Lyrics_, 233, 237;
+    death of Uncle John, 242;
+    edits _Northern Lights_, 254, 255, 263;
+    trip to Greece, 264-82;
+    _From the Oak to the Olive_, 265;
+    Radical Club, 284-86;
+    takes up study of Greek, 287;
+    club life, 291-96;
+    removal to Mt. Vernon St., and purchase of Oak Glen, 296;
+    marriage of three daughters, 297;
+    work for peace, 300-07, 309, 312, 318, 319, 332, 345, 346; II, 8,
+          77, 326, 327, 359;
+    trip to London and Paris, I, 312-17;
+    two visits to Santo Domingo, 322-38;
+    return to Green Peace, 339;
+    forms Saturday Morning Club, 343;
+    illness and death of husband, 354-57;
+    work for suffrage, 358-73; II, 61, 89, 99, 126, 151, 192, 216,
+          268, 322, 343;
+    work for A.A.W. I, 373, 374, 383, 384; II, 43, 91, 97, 152, 256;
+    work for woman ministry, I, 384-92;
+    extended European tour, II, 2-34;
+    Egypt, 34-38;
+    Palestine, 38-42;
+    Europe, 43-45;
+    return to Oak Glen, 46;
+    forms Town and Country Club, 47-52;
+    and the Papeterie, 52, 53;
+    incurs permanent lameness, 59;
+    returns to Boston, 60;
+    publication of _Modern Society_, 60;
+    settles at 241 Beacon St., 71;
+    writes memoir of Maria Mitchell, 83;
+    publication of _Margaret Fuller_, 84-86;
+    death of brother Samuel, 93-95;
+    manages Woman's Department at New Orleans Exposition, 99-112;
+    death of daughter Julia, 115-19;
+    visit to California, 131-38;
+    publication of song album, 145, 358;
+    second visit to California, 154;
+    trip to Europe, 164-77;
+    attends Columbian Exposition, 178-82;
+    work for Russian Freedom, 187, 330,
+    and for Armenia, 189-92, 209, 210, 216, 218, 324;
+    death of sister Annie, 202;
+    publication of _Is Polite Society Polite?_, 211-13;
+    writing of _Reminiscences_, 219;
+    work for Greece, 225-29;
+    death of sister Louisa, 235;
+    winter in Rome, 237-57;
+    publication of _From Sunset Ridge_, 258,
+    and of _Reminiscences_, 258, 259;
+    work for prevention of lynching, 265, 266;
+    receives degree from Tufts, 324;
+    death of Michael Anagnos, 347,
+    of D. P. Hall, 362,
+    and of Marion Crawford, 389;
+    receives degree from Brown, 392;
+    decline of health, 407-10;
+    receives degree from Smith, 411, 412;
+    illness and death, 413, 414.
+    _Lectures and readings_, I, 198-200, 209, 218, 228, 230, 239,
+          240, 251, 256, 264, 284, 290, 291, 342, 344, 350, 379, 385;
+          II, 55-57, 61, 62, 66, 82, 87, 88, 91, 99, 103, 120, 121, 130,
+          132, 136, 198, 201, 215, 224, 229, 246, 247, 263, 274, 284,
+          288, 316, 387, 396.
+    _Sermons_, I, 313, 314, 317, 329-33, 336, 386, 391, 392; II, 54, 55,
+          69, 78, 83, 84, 127, 131, 136, 181, 361.
+    _Religious views_, I, 21, 29, 34, 35, 66-70, 104, 107-09, 185, 207,
+          208, 252; II, 231, 282.
+      Home life, I, 110, 111, 146-55, 216, 217, 296, 298, 347-49;
+            II, 98, 144.
+      Sense of relation to the public, I, 98, 195, 299, 300, 358, 359.
+      Linguistic ability, I, 32, 45, 59, 318.
+      Dramatic ability, I, 29; II, 32, 54, 68, 69, 78.
+      Fondness for study, I, 32, 45, 46, 67, 104, 125, 134, 156, 287, 288.
+      Love for music, I, 43, 44, 222-24, 237; II, 330;
+      compositions, I, 147, 148; II, 144, 145, 358.
+      Love of fun, I, 145; II, 370.
+      Patriotism, I, 186-93, 219-22.
+      Fondness for society, I, 49-51.
+    _Grandchildren_, I, 339, 340, 343; II, 67, 68, 98, 128, 294, 339, 352.
+      Great-grandchildren, II, 313, 339, 408.
+    _Journal extracts_, I, 178, 197-202, 205-09, 214-31, 233, 234, 236-42,
+          244-67, 269, 271, 272, 276-81, 283-91, 306-18, 328-38, 340-47,
+          349-56, 373, 374, 386-89; II, 5, 6, 8-12, 14-18, 20-26, 28-31,
+          34-41, 43-45, 47, 54-58, 60-63, 65-71, 73-79, 82, 83, 87, 88,
+          90-94, 96-99, 101, 103-05, 108, 116-18, 120-46, 150-85, 192-94,
+          197-207, 209-11, 214-20, 222-30, 233-36, 238-57, 259-63, 265-70,
+          272-308, 311-17, 319, 320, 322-34, 336-68, 375-82, 385, 390, 395,
+          399-401, 403, 406.
+    _Extracts from works of_, I, 3, 8, 13, 15, 19, 23, 24, 41, 46, 48, 49,
+          56, 59, 64-66, 68, 79, 96, 99-103, 106, 130, 135-37, 142, 144,
+          145, 162-64, 173-76, 179-87, 189, 191-94, 202, 211, 213, 221,
+          235, 260, 267-71, 273-76, 281-83, 285, 286, 292, 295, 297, 299,
+          301-05, 313, 316, 319, 320, 323-28, 330, 335, 339, 348, 349,
+          357-60, 362, 364, 368-72, 374, 376, 378-85, 389, 390; II, 3, 4,
+          6, 18, 24, 25, 28, 30-33, 41, 46-52, 80, 100, 106, 109-11, 143,
+          164, 186, 189-91, 211-14, 237, 258, 271, 282, 308-10, 320, 336,
+          340, 342, 346, 359, 369, 378, 382, 393, 401, 403.
+    _Letters of_, I, 31, 67, 71, 72, 79-82, 84-93, 107-33, 137, 142, 148,
+          149, 155-62, 164-72, 184, 196, 303; II, 58, 59, 63-70, 73, 78,
+          81-96, 98, 111-14, 119, 122-25, 132, 138, 155-58, 193, 195-200,
+          202, 203, 206, 208-10, 217, 218, 220, 221, 223, 224, 226, 227,
+          231, 232, 236, 267, 277, 285, 298-300, 391-93, 396-98.
+
+  Howe, Laura E. _See_ Richards.
+
+  Howe, Maud. _See_ Elliott.
+
+  Howe, S. G., I, 72-83, 85, 86, 88-90, 92-95, 97, 101-06, 110, 111,
+        113-16, 118, 119, 121-24, 126-28, 130, 131, 133, 138, 139, 141,
+        146-55, 161, 165, 167-70, 173, 177, 178, 181, 184-86, 195, 203,
+        206, 208, 217, 220, 222, 227, 231, 243, 245, 246, 248-251, 253,
+        255, 258, 261-65, 267, 273, 275, 278-80, 283, 287, 288, 292,
+        296-98, 306, 308, 315, 317, 321-25, 334-40, 343, 345, 350,
+        353-58, 362, 364, 372, 381; II, 3, 6, 23, 43-45, 63, 74, 77,
+        118, 120, 127, 134, 141, 145, 146, 164, 174, 175, 233, 252,
+        269, 292, 293, 296, 300, 332, 363.
+    Letters and Journals of, I, 106, 339.
+
+  Howe, S. G., Jr., I, 178-85, 199, 200, 207, 220, 234, 250, 290, 298,
+        352; II, 120, 198, 328.
+
+  Howe Memorial Club, II, 357.
+
+  Howells, W. D., I, 244; II, 66, 399.
+
+  Howells, Mrs. W. D., I, 244.
+
+  Hudson River, I, 18.
+
+  Hudson-Fulton Centennial, II, 395, 396, 398.
+
+  Hughes, Mr., II, 168.
+
+  Hughes, Thomas, II, 168.
+
+  Hugo, Victor, II, 24, 63.
+
+  Huguenots, I, 10, 12.
+
+  Hunt, Helen, II, 48.
+
+  Hunt, Louisa, I, 230, 245; II, 68.
+
+  Hunt, Richard, I, 230.
+
+  Hunt, Wm., I, 227, 237; II, 99.
+
+  Hurlburt, Mrs., II, 247, 251.
+
+  Hurlburt, J. W., II, 345.
+
+  Hurlburt, S. A., II, 345.
+
+  Hyacinthe, Pere, II, 87.
+
+  Hyrne, Dr., I, 12, 13.
+
+  Hyrne, Sarah. _See_ Cutler.
+
+
+  Ibsen, Henrik, II, 285.
+
+  Idaho, I, 372.
+
+  Iddings, Mrs., II, 250.
+
+  _Il Circolo Italiano_, II, 285, 357.
+
+  Index Expurgatorius, II, 241.
+
+  India, English rule in, II, 84.
+
+  Indiana Place Church, I, 259.
+
+  Inglis, R. H., I, 81, 84, 86.
+
+  Innsbrueck, I, 278.
+
+  Institute of France, II, 23.
+
+  Intemperate Women, Home for, II, 78, 83, 127.
+
+  International Council of Women, II, 253,  255.
+
+  Iowa, II, 113.
+
+  Ireland, I, 88, 92; II, 4, 71, 166, 319.
+
+  Irving, Henry, II, 5, 87, 192.
+
+  Irwin, Agnes, II, 34, 302.
+
+  Ismail Pasha, II, 34, 36.
+
+  Italy, I, 94, 175; II, 29, 32, 44, 71, 93, 236, 243, 256.
+
+
+  Jackson, Andrew, I, 61.
+
+  Jackson, Edward, II, 241.
+
+  Jaffa, II, 41, 42.
+
+  Jamaica, L.I., I, 19.
+
+  James, Henry, I, 255; II, 8.
+
+  James, William, II, 233, 315, 366.
+
+  Jarvis, Edward, I, 133.
+
+  _Jeannette_, I, 322.
+
+  Jefferson, Joseph, II, 97.
+
+  Jeffries, John, II, 233.
+
+  Jericho, II, 38-40.
+
+  Jerome, J. K., II, 171.
+
+  Jerusalem, I, 378; II, 38, 40-42.
+
+  Jeter, Mrs., II, 349.
+
+  Jewett, M. R., II, 316, 317, 356.
+
+  Jewett, Sarah O., II, 299, 316, 317, 356.
+
+  Jews, I, 256, 311.
+
+  Jocelyn, Mr., II, 357.
+
+  Johnson, Andrew, I, 238, 239, 246, 378.
+
+  Johnson, Reverdy, I, 239.
+
+  Johnson, Robert U., II, 399.
+
+  Jones, J. L., II, 176, 178, 184.
+
+  Jones, Lief, II, 166.
+
+  Jordan River, II, 39.
+
+  Jouett, Admiral, II, 104, 106.
+
+
+  Kalopothakis, Mr., II, 43.
+
+  Kane, Capt., II, 104.
+
+  Kansas, I, 168, 170, 381, 382; II, 325.
+
+  Kansas City, II, 122.
+
+  Kant, Immanuel, I, 196, 214, 217, 218, 222, 223, 225, 227, 229,
+        240, 241, 249, 250, 253, 255; II, 19, 62.
+
+  Keller, Helen, II, 262.
+
+  Kenmare, Lady, II, 251, 254.
+
+  Kenmare, Lord, II, 165.
+
+  Kennan, George, II, 187.
+
+  Kennebec River, I, 5.
+
+  Kensett, J. F., I, 159.
+
+  Kentucky, II, 122.
+
+  Kenyon, John, I, 85.
+
+  Kindergarten for the Blind, II, 119, 126, 314, 360.
+
+  King, Mrs., II, 208.
+
+  King, Charles, I, 16, 62; II, 9.
+
+  King, Grace, II, 108.
+
+  King, Rufus, I, 169.
+
+  King Philip's War, I, 13.
+
+  Kipling, Rudyard, II, 304.
+
+  Kneisel, Herr, II, 367, 368.
+
+  Knowles, F. L., II, 340.
+
+  Knowles, James, II, 9.
+
+  Kossuth, Mme., I, 167.
+
+  Kossuth, Louis, I, 151.
+
+  Kreisler, Franz, II, 297.
+
+
+  Lablache, Luigi, I, 86, 316.
+
+  Ladenberg, Emily, II, 303.
+
+  La Farge, John, II, 50.
+
+  Lafayette, Marquis de, I, 93.
+
+  Lambeth Library, II, 8.
+
+  Lanciani, Prof., II, 246.
+
+  Landseer, Edwin, I, 87.
+
+  Lane, Prof., II, 47, 48.
+
+  Langmaid, Dr., II, 402.
+
+  Langtry, Lily, II, 9.
+
+  Lansdowne, Marchioness of, I, 87.
+
+  Lansdowne, Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, Marquis of, I, 86, 87.
+
+  La Rochelle, I, 10.
+
+  _Later Lyrics_, I, 233, 237, 251, 283; II, 60, 194.
+
+  Lawrence, Bishop, II, 261, 349.
+
+  Lawrence, Mrs. Bigelow, II, 313.
+
+  Lawrence, S. E., I, 287.
+
+  Lawton's Valley, I, 154, 194, 204, 225-27, 235, 249-51, 254, 296.
+
+  Layard, Sir Henry, II, 44.
+
+  Leavenworth, I, 382.
+
+  Lee, Mrs., II, 200.
+
+  Lee, Harry, II, 233.
+
+  Lee, R. E., I, 213, 219, 274; II, 353, 354.
+
+  Lefranc, Abel, II, 374.
+
+  Leigh Smith, Miss, II, 239, 243, 252, 254.
+
+  Leland, C. G., I, 328; II, 50.
+
+  Leo XIII, II, 241-43.
+
+  Leoni, Sig., II, 295, 296.
+
+  Lesnian, II, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18.
+
+  Lexington, I, 256, 259; II, 193, 194.
+
+  Libby Prison, I, 188, 189.
+
+  Lieber, Francis, I, 240.
+
+  Lincoln, Abraham, I, 189, 195, 211, 212, 220, 221, 228, 274;
+        II, 108, 308, 387.
+
+  Lincoln, R. T., II, 166, 168.
+
+  Lippitt, Gov., II, 221.
+
+  _Listener_, I, 162-64.
+
+  Liszt, Franz, I, 270.
+
+  Littlehale, M. F., II, 324.
+
+  Livermore, Mary A., II, 18, 20, 125, 229.
+
+  Liverpool, I, 280; II, 69, 164.
+
+  Livy, I, 202, 227, 228.
+
+  Loch Katrine, I, 92.
+
+  Locke, W. J., II, 386.
+
+  Lodge, H. C., II, 304.
+
+  Lodge, Mrs. H. C., II, 304.
+
+  Loisy, Abbe, II, 325.
+
+  Lombroso, Cesar, II, 285.
+
+  London, I, 81, 265, 312; II, 4, 45, 164, 166.
+
+  Long, J. D., II, 196, 302, 354.
+
+  Long Island, I, 19.
+
+  Longfellow, Fanny, I, 71, 159, 160.
+
+  Longfellow, H. W., I, 59, 71, 74, 76, 77, 138, 148, 159, 160, 262,
+        380; II, 63, 74, 125, 167, 196, 304, 356.
+    Letter of, I, 76.
+
+  Longfellow, Wadsworth, II, 359.
+
+  Longy, M., II, 330.
+
+  Lorne. _See_ Argyll, ninth duke of.
+
+  Loud, J. M., II, 358, 368.
+
+  Loudon, John, II, 244.
+
+  Louis XVI, I, 7, 8.
+
+  Louisville, I, 169.
+
+  Louvre, I, 7.
+
+  Love, Alfred, I, 304.
+
+  Low, Seth, II, 381.
+
+  Lowell, J. R., I, 156, 210, 262; II, 63, 171, 187.
+    Letter of, II, 149.
+
+  Loyson, M., II, 249.
+
+  Luquer, Mr., II, 364.
+
+  Lynch, Dominick, II, 364.
+
+  Lyons, I, 191.
+
+
+  Mabilleau, M., II, 314.
+
+  McAllister, Julia, II, 34.
+
+  McAllister, Louisa, I, 42, 158, 230.
+
+  McAllister, M. H., I, 42.
+
+  McAlvin, Miss, II, 194.
+
+  McCabe, C. C., I, 188, 189.
+
+  McCarthy, Frank, II, 61, 62.
+
+  McCarthy, Justin, II, 8.
+
+  McCarthy, Mrs. Justin, II, 5.
+
+  McCready, Tom, II, 295.
+
+  McCreary, Mrs., II, 250.
+
+  McDonald, Alexander, I, 167.
+
+  McGregor, Fanny, I, 201.
+
+  Machiavelli, Niccolo, I, 275.
+
+  McKaye, Baron, I, 258, 267.
+
+  McKinley, William, II, 265, 290.
+
+  McLaren, Eva, II, 166.
+
+  MacMahon, M. E. P. M. de, II, 26.
+
+  Macready, W. C., I, 87.
+
+  McTavish, Mrs., II, 249.
+
+  Madrid, I, 328; II, 243, 353.
+
+  Maggi, Count Alberto, I, 255.
+
+  Mailliard, Adolphe, I, 117, 135; II, 222.
+
+  Mailliard, Annie, I, 18, 21, 30, 34-36, 54, 58, 60, 78-81, 83-85,
+        93, 117, 134, 135, 137, 157, 200, 240, 241; II, 67, 94, 131,
+        135, 155, 202, 203, 216, 235.
+   _Letters to_, 107-09, 117, 118, 122-25, 127, 131-33, 137, 142,
+        159-62, 164-72, 184.
+
+  Maine, I, 392; II, 122.
+
+  Maine, Sir H. J. Sumner, I, 249, 250.
+
+  Malibran, Mme. de (Maria Felicita Garcia), I, 29; II, 270, 350.
+
+  Mallock, W. H., II, 8.
+
+  Mammoth Cave, II, 122.
+
+  Manatt, E., II, 293.
+
+  Mancini, Sig., II, 172.
+
+  Manhattan, I, 243.
+
+  Manila, Battle of, II, 254.
+
+  Mann, Horace, I, 73, 79, 83, 94, 121, 123, 169, 185, 227.
+
+  Mann, Mary P., I, 79, 80, 169.
+
+  Manning, H. E., II, 165.
+
+  Mansfield, I, 378.
+
+  Mansfield, Richard, II, 8, 313.
+
+  Mansion House, II, 8.
+
+  Mapleson, Col., II, 103.
+
+  Margherita, Queen, II, 30, 248, 277.
+
+  Marie, Peter, II, 54, 202.
+
+  Marienburg, II, 14.
+
+  Mariette, A. E., II, 36.
+
+  Mario (Marchese di Candia), I, 86, 87 316; II, 250, 350.
+
+  Marion, Benjamin, I, 10-12.
+
+  Marion, Esther, I, 10, 12.
+
+  Marion, Francis, I, 10-14; II, 351.
+
+  Marion, Gabriel, I, 12.
+
+  Marion, Judith, I, 11, 12.
+
+  Marion, Peter, I, 12.
+
+  Marne, M., I, 328.
+
+  Marsaba, II, 38, 41.
+
+  Marseilles, I, 97.
+
+  Marshalsea, I, 83.
+
+  Martin, Mrs., II, 170.
+
+  Martineau, James, II, 159, 161, 348.
+
+  Marzials, Mr., II, 167.
+
+  Massachusetts, I, 129, 168, 195, 249; II, 358.
+
+  Massachusetts Institute of Technology, I, 297; II, 77, 80.
+
+  Massachusetts Legislature, I, 168, 220, 344, 366, 368; II, 405.
+
+  Massachusetts Press Club, II, 259.
+
+  Massachusetts State Federation of Women's Clubs, I, 294; II, 379.
+
+  Massachusetts Woman Suffrage Association, I, 369.
+
+  Matsys, Quentin, II, 11.
+
+  Maupassant, Guy de, II, 164.
+
+  May, Abby W., I, 287, 368; II, 141, 142.
+
+  Mayor des Planches, Count, II, 302, 303.
+
+  Mechanics' Fair, II, 162.
+
+  Mechlenberg, Herr von, II, 18.
+
+  Medal of Honor Legion, II, 279.
+
+  Mediterranean, I, 381.
+
+  Mendota, I, 380.
+
+  Mer de Glace, II, 20.
+
+  Merritt, Anna Lea, II, 165.
+
+  Mesday, Herr, II, 172.
+
+  _Messiah_, II, 8, 78.
+
+  Metaphysical Club, II, 118.
+
+  Mexican Band, II, 100, 103, 105.
+
+  Mexican War, I, 129.
+
+  Middletown, R.I., I, 9.
+
+  Milan, I, 93; II, 26.
+
+  Mill, J. S., I, 304; II, 22.
+
+  Miller, Joaquin, II, 103.
+
+  Mills, Arthur, I, 99, 266; II, 165.
+
+  Milman, H. M., I, 267.
+
+  Milnes. _See_ Houghton.
+
+  Milton, John, II, 21, 137.
+
+  Minneapolis, I, 378, 379; II, 87, 274.
+
+  Minnehaha, Falls of, I, 380.
+
+  Minnesota, I, 378, 380, 381, 392.
+
+  Minturn, Jonas, I, 22.
+
+  Mississippi, I, 92.
+
+  Mississippi River, I, 380; II, 100.
+
+  Mitchell, Ellen, I, 374.
+    Letters to, II, 391, 392.
+
+  Mitchell, Maria, I, 343, 373; II, 82, 83.
+
+  Mitchell, S. Weir, II, 50.
+
+  Mitchell, Thomas, I, 10, 12.
+
+  _Modern Society_, II, 60.
+
+  Molloy, J. F., II, 171.
+
+  Moltke, Count Hellmuth, II, 20.
+
+  Momery, Dr., II, 184.
+
+  Money, trade in, I, 16.
+
+  Monroe, Harriet, II, 251.
+
+  Monson, I, 250.
+
+  Mont Isabel, I, 322.
+
+  Montagu, Basil, I, 81, 85.
+
+  Montagu, Mrs. Basil, I, 85.
+
+  Montgomery, Richard, I, 5.
+
+  Montpelier, II, 68.
+
+  Montreal, I, 38.
+
+  Montreux, II, 176.
+
+  Moore, Prof., II, 154.
+
+  Moore, Rebecca, II, 170.
+
+  Moore, Thomas, I, 87.
+
+  Mormon Tabernacle, II, 137.
+
+  Morpeth. _See_ Carlisle, Earl of.
+
+  Morris, Gouverneur, I, 7, 8.
+
+  Morse, E. S., II, 169.
+
+  Morse, William, II, 108.
+
+  Mosby, John, II, 253.
+
+  Mothers' Peace Day, I, 318, 319, 345.
+
+  Mott, Lucretia, I, 285, 304; II, 108.
+
+  Moulton, Louise C., II, 161, 169, 171, 273.
+    Verse by, 335.
+
+  Mounet-Sully, Jean, II, 195.
+
+  Mt. Auburn, I, 183; II, 290, 294.
+
+  Mt. Holyoke, I, 251.
+
+  Mozart, W. A., I, 45; II, 351.
+
+  Mozier, Joseph, I, 271.
+
+  Mozumdar, II, 87.
+
+  Munich, I, 278.
+
+  Murray, Gilbert, II, 361.
+
+  Murray, Lady Mary, II, 361.
+
+  Music, power of, I, 44.
+
+  Musical Festivals, Boston, I, 222, 223, 225, 227, 290.
+
+  Mycenae, II, 5, 43.
+
+
+  Nantes, revocation of Edict of, I, 10.
+
+  Naples, I, 53, 54, 97; II, 30.
+
+  Napoleon I, I, 229, 230, 278; II, 102, 284.
+
+  Napoleon II, II, 26.
+
+  Napoleon III, I, 300, 301, 310.
+
+  National American Woman Suffrage Association, I, 365.
+
+  National Gallery, I, 314.
+
+  National Peace Society, I, 43.
+
+  National Sailors' Home, I, 210.
+
+  National Woman Suffrage Association, I, 365.
+
+  Nativity, Grotto of the, II, 38.
+
+  Nauplia, I, 275-77.
+
+  Nebraska, II, 138.
+
+  Nelson, Horatio, Lord, II, 248.
+
+  Nelson, Jenny, II, 194.
+
+  New Bedford, II, 99.
+
+  New England, I, 168, 173, 290, 324; II, 80.
+
+  New England Woman's Club, I, 190, 291, 292, 294, 305, 310, 311, 341,
+        353, 365, 369; II, 54, 73, 100, 118, 129, 141, 150, 215, 259,
+        263, 286, 301, 311, 356, 401.
+
+  New England Woman Suffrage Association, I, 363, 364.
+
+  New England Women's Press Association, II, 263.
+
+  New Gallery, II, 171.
+
+  New Orleans, II, 100, 108-11, 113, 178, 207.
+
+  New Orleans Exposition, II, 87, 99, 100-12.
+
+  New York City, I, 16, 22, 26, 39, 61, 63, 103, 240, 243; II, 114, 115.
+
+  New York University, I, 17.
+
+  New Zealand, II, 133.
+
+  Newport, I, 4, 24, 34, 38, 39, 52-54, 63, 151, 159, 160, 162, 176, 199,
+        208, 209, 226, 291, 296, 349; II, 46, 47, 49-51, 54-56, 78, 90,
+        128, 138, 140, 143, 145, 151, 160, 162, 177, 198, 208.
+
+  Newport Historical Society, II, 78.
+
+  Niagara, I, 18, 19; II, 19.
+
+  Nicholas II, II, 283.
+
+  Nightingale, Florence, I, 97, 112, 113, 294; II, 189, 239.
+    Letter of, I, 112.
+
+  Nile, I, 266; II, 35, 36.
+
+  _Nineteenth Century_, II, 248.
+
+  Norman, Mr., II, 90, 93.
+
+  Norman, Bradford, II, 379.
+
+  _North American Review_, II, 121.
+
+  North Church, II, 193.
+
+  Northampton, I, 251, 259.
+
+  _Northern Lights_, I, 254, 255, 263.
+
+  Norton, Mrs., I, 82, 87.
+
+  Norton, Charles Eliot, II, 198.
+
+  Norton, Richard, II, 243.
+
+  Novelli, E., II, 357.
+
+  Novelli, Mme., II, 357.
+
+
+  Oak Glen, I, 296, 317, 339, 340, 347, 349; II, 46, 67, 69, 72, 114,
+        120, 158, 374.
+
+  Oakland, II, 136.
+
+  Oakley, Mr., II, 154.
+
+  Oberlin, I, 361.
+
+  O'Connell, Cardinal, II, 244.
+
+  O'Connell, Daniel, I, 90, 91.
+
+  O'Connell, Dennis, II, 247, 250.
+
+  O'Connor, F. E., II, 5.
+
+  O'Connor, Mrs. T. P., II, 171.
+
+  Old South Church, I, 14; II, 194.
+
+  Olga, Queen, II, 43.
+
+  Olives, Mount of, II, 38, 40, 41.
+
+  Olympia, II, 133, 134.
+
+  Olympus, I, 290.
+
+  Osny Effendi, II, 37.
+
+  O'Sullivan, John, I, 329; II, 319.
+
+  Otis, Mrs. H. G., I, 123.
+
+  Ouida (Louise de la Ramee), II, 121.
+
+  _Outlook_, II, 355.
+
+  Owatonna, I, 378.
+
+
+  Pacific, II, 75.
+
+  Paddock, Mary, I, 197, 350.
+
+  Paderewski, Ignace, II, 171, 210, 240.
+
+  Page, Miss, II, 216.
+
+  Page, T. N., II, 399.
+
+  Pajarita, I, 323.
+
+  Palestine, II, 42, 322.
+
+  Paley's _Moral Philosophy_, I, 32.
+
+  Palfrey, J. G., I, 207.
+
+  Palmer, Mr., II, 240.
+
+  Palmer, Alice Freeman, II, 187, 266.
+
+  Palmer, Courtland, II, 240.
+
+  Palmer, Mrs. Potter, II, 178, 181.
+
+  Panama Canal, II, 50.
+
+  Pansotti, Prof., II, 251.
+
+  Papeterie, II, 52-54, 277, 385, 411, 413.
+
+  Paris, France, I, 6, 8, 97, 116, 133, 278, 279, 301, 308, 309, 315;
+        II, 23-26, 66, 176.
+
+  Park Street Church, I, 43.
+
+  Parker, Theodore, I, 33, 87, 106, 107, 143, 151, 170, 172-76, 185,
+        186, 207, 285; II, 36, 108, 130, 154, 211, 247, 363, 411.
+
+  Parker, Mrs. Theodore, I, 173, 175.
+
+  Parker Fraternity, I, 218, 385; II, 127, 130, 131.
+
+  Parkman, Dr., I, 132, 133.
+
+  Parkman, Francis, I, 379; II, 54.
+
+  Parliament of Religions, II, 178, 184.
+
+  Parnell, C. S., II, 4, 5.
+
+  Parnell, Delia, II, 4.
+
+  Parnell, Fanny, II, 4.
+
+  Parsons, verse by, II, 115.
+
+  Parthenon, I, 274.
+
+  Pascarello, Sig., II, 255.
+
+  _Passion Flowers_, I, 59, 106, 135, 137, 142, 162, 251; II, 211.
+
+  Pater, Walter, II, 168.
+
+  Patti, Adelina, II, 5.
+
+  Paul, Jean, I, 67.
+
+  Peabody, A. P., I, 210.
+
+  Peabody, F. G., II, 127.
+
+  Peabody, Lucia, II, 260.
+
+  Peabody, Mary. _See_ Mann.
+
+  Peace, I, 300-07, 309, 312, 318, 319, 332, 345, 346; II, 8, 77,
+        326, 327, 359.
+
+  Pearse, Mrs., II, 250.
+
+  Peary, R. E., II, 396.
+
+  Pecci. _See_ Leo XIII.
+
+  Peekskill, I, 6.
+
+  Pekin, II, 276, 278, 279.
+
+  Pelosos, Ernest, I, 124.
+
+  Pennsylvania Peace Society, I, 319.
+
+  Perabo, Mr., I, 245, 259; II, 136.
+
+  Pericles, I, 274.
+
+  Perkins, Charles, II, 99.
+
+  Perkins, Mrs. C. C., I, 347; II, 65.
+
+  Perkins, G. H., II, 292.
+
+  Perkins Institution for the Blind, I, 73, 74, 102, 103, 105, 109,
+        111, 112, 128, 167, 249, 273, 283, 354; II, 59, 73, 129,
+        150, 269, 293, 347, 357.
+
+  Perry, Bliss, II, 320.
+
+  Perrysburg, II, 121, 122.
+
+  Persiani (Fanny Tacchinardi), I, 87.
+
+  Perugia, II, 243.
+
+  Peter the Great, II, 249.
+
+  Petrarch, Francesco, I, 194.
+
+  Philadelphia, I, 63, 131, 169, 295, 304, 318; II, 195, 196.
+
+  Philippines, II, 265.
+
+  Phillips, Wendell, I, 261, 286, 362; II, 61, 62, 84, 87, 88, 92, 108,
+        168, 190.
+
+  Pickering, John, II, 220.
+
+  Pierce, E. L., II, 187.
+
+  Pierce, J. M., I, 251, 346.
+
+  Pinturicchio, II, 252.
+
+  Piraeus, II, 43, 44.
+
+  Pitti Palace, I, 253.
+
+  Pius IX, II, 28, 29, 31, 241.
+
+  Plato, I, 40, 382; II, 7, 338, 389.
+
+  Plutarch, I, 342.
+
+  Poe, E. A., I, 26.
+
+  Poggia-Suasa, Princess, II, 247.
+
+  Point-aux-Trembles, I, 5.
+
+  Poland, II, 13.
+
+  Polk, James K., I, 129.
+
+  Pompeii, I, 278.
+
+  Pompey's Pillar, II, 34.
+
+  Ponte, Lorenzo da, I, 45.
+
+  Pope, Alexander, I, 13.
+
+  Porter, F. A., II, 82.
+
+  Portland, Maine, I, 76.
+
+  Portland, Ore., II, 134.
+
+  Portsmouth, R. I., I, 154.
+
+  Portugal, II, 30.
+
+  Potomac, Army of the, I, 192, 366.
+
+  Potter, Frank, II, 381, 382.
+
+  Potter, H. C, II, 179.
+
+  Poughkeepsie, II, 202.
+
+  Pourtales, Count, I, 124.
+
+  Poussin, Nicolas, I, 42.
+
+  Powel, M. E., II, 277.
+
+  Powell, Aaron, I, 303; II, 178, 182.
+
+  Powell, Samuel, II, 49.
+
+  Powers, Henry, I, 354.
+
+  Prado Museum, II, 243.
+
+  Press Association, II, 181.
+
+  Prime, Ward & King, I, 16, 55, 62; II, 9.
+
+  Primrose League, II, 170.
+
+  Prison Discipline Society, I, 127.
+
+  Prison reform, I, 127, 315, 316.
+
+  Procter, Adelaide, II, 5.
+
+  Providence, II, 100, 121, 126, 198.
+
+  Provo, Bishop of, II, 138.
+
+  Prussia, I, 94; II, 12.
+
+  Puerto Plata, I, 322, 331.
+
+  Pym, Bedford, II, 107.
+
+
+  Quaker denomination, I, 224, 365.
+
+  Quebec, I, 5, 38.
+
+  Quincy, Josiah, I, 264; II, 364.
+
+  Quincy, Mrs. Josiah, I, 201.
+
+  Quincy Mansion School, II, 324.
+
+
+  Rabe, Annie von, II, 13, 14, 16.
+
+  Rabe, Eric von, II, 13, 14, 16.
+
+  Rabe, Oscar von, II, 17.
+
+  Rachel, Elisa, I, 97, 254.
+
+  Radical Club, I, 284-86, 290, 344; II, 290, 379.
+
+  Rainieri, Mr., II, 43.
+
+  Ray, Catherine, I, 6.
+
+  Ray, Simon, I, 6.
+
+  Read, Buchanan, I, 131.
+
+  Red Bank, I, 6.
+
+  Red Cross, II, 210.
+
+  Red Jacket, I, 19.
+
+  Redpath, James, I, 388.
+
+  Redwood Library, II, 52.
+
+  Rembrandt (R. H. von Rijn), I, 42; II, 11, 18.
+
+  _Reminiscences_, I, 41, 44, 92, 185, 195, 210, 237, 247, 285, 291,
+        292, 301, 329; II, 25, 29, 30, 32, 47, 118, 119, 218, 219,
+        234, 238, 258, 259.
+
+  Repplier, Agnes, II, 300.
+
+  Representative Women, Congress of, II, 178, 180.
+
+  _Republican, Springfield_, II, 196.
+
+  Resse, Countess, II, 256.
+
+  Reszke, Jean de, II, 269.
+
+  Revere, Paul, II, 193.
+
+  Rhine, I, 133; II, 173, 174.
+
+  Rhode Island, I, 4, 6, 9; II, 41, 162.
+
+  Rice, Lizzie, I, 124.
+
+  Richards, Alice, I, 339; II, 164, 165, 167, 175, 221.
+
+  Richards, G. H., letter to, II, 398.
+
+  Richards, Henry, I, 297, 339; II, 65, 113, 328, 397.
+
+  Richards, Julia W., II, 67, 276, 285, 293, 294, 298, 299, 333,
+        334, 341.
+
+  Richards, Laura E., I, 133, 148, 161, 166, 217, 222, 231, 265,
+        297, 339; II, 46, 57-59, 69, 84, 112, 119, 124, 146, 164,
+        195, 317, 318, 337, 340, 341, 358, 359-61, 412.
+    Letters to, II, 58, 59, 63-68, 73, 81-83, 85, 88-91, 96, 98,
+          111-14, 122-25, 157, 198, 221, 223, 231, 236, 267, 277,
+          285, 298-300, 396.
+
+  Richards, Elizabeth, II, 294, 341, 359.
+
+  Richards, Rosalind, II, 179, 328, 354, 403.
+
+  Richmond, I, 29, 213, 219, 274.
+
+  Ridley, John, I, 315.
+
+  Ripley, Lt., II, 155.
+
+  Ristori, Adelaide, I, 254, 255; II, 32, 250.
+
+  Ritterschloss, Marienburg, II, 14.
+
+  Riverton, I, 319.
+
+  Robert College, II, 42.
+
+  Roberto, Father, II, 300, 337, 357.
+
+  Robeson, Mary, II, 287.
+
+  Robinson, Mr., II, 229.
+
+  Robinson, Edwin A., II, 268.
+
+  Rochambeau, Comte de, II, 381.
+
+  Rochester, I, 377.
+
+  Rodocanachi, Mr., I, 281; II, 129.
+
+  Rogers, John, I, 271.
+
+  Rogers, Samuel, I, 81, 84, 87.
+
+  Rogers, W. A., I, 199; II, 49, 77.
+
+  Rogers, Mrs. W. A., II, 49, 77.
+
+  Rohr, Herr von, II, 17.
+
+  Roelker, Kitty, I, 169.
+
+  Roman fever, II, 31.
+
+  Rome, I, 94-96, 106, 115, 134, 135, 137, 155, 207, 254, 267-71;
+        II, 27-29, 32, 55, 82, 235, 237, 238.
+
+  Roosevelt, Theodore, II, 191, 303-05, 325, 328, 388.
+
+  Rose, Mme., II, 241.
+
+  Rosebery, A. P. Primrose, Earl of, II, 7.
+
+  Rosmini, Serbati, II, 176.
+
+  Ross, Christian, II, 243.
+
+  Rossetti, D. G., II, 239, 248.
+
+  Rossini, G. A., II, 104.
+
+  Rothschild, Lady, II, 168.
+
+  Round Hill School, I, 46.
+
+  Rousseau, Jacques, II, 172.
+
+  Royal Geographic Society, II, 5, 7.
+
+  Rubens, P. P., I, 279; II, 11, 173.
+
+  Rubenstein, Anton, I, 346.
+
+  Russell, C. H., II, 220.
+
+  Russell, George, II, 141.
+
+  Russell, Sarah S., II, 141.
+
+  Russia, I, 207; II, 187, 218.
+
+  Russian Freedom, Friends of, II, 187, 330.
+
+  Rutherford, Louis, I, 49.
+
+
+  Sabatier, Paul, II, 253.
+
+  Sacken, Baron Osten, I, 256.
+
+  St. Anthony, Falls of, I, 379.
+
+  St. Anthony of Padua, II, 275.
+
+  St. Bartholomew's Hospital, II, 8.
+
+  St. George, Knights of, I, 74.
+
+  St. Jerome, tomb of, II, 38.
+
+  St. Lawrence River, I, 5.
+
+  St. Louis, I, 169, 170.
+
+  St. Paul, I, 185, 224, 289, 366; II, 157, 231, 383.
+
+  St. Paul, Minn., I, 379; II, 274.
+
+  St. Paul's, Antwerp, II, 11.
+
+  St. Paul's School, I, 254.
+
+  St. Peter's, I, 95, 269, 363; II, 241, 245.
+
+  St. Petersburg, II, 249.
+
+  St. Stanislas, Order of, II, 283.
+
+  St. Thomas Aquinas, anecdote of, II, 248.
+
+  Salem, I, 37, 353; II, 201.
+
+  Salisbury, Robert Cecil, Marquis of, II, 303.
+
+  Salt Lake City, II, 137.
+
+  Salvini, Alessandro, II, 82, 84.
+
+  Salvini, Tomaso, I, 350, 351; II, 67.
+
+  Samana, I, 334-38, 352, 354.
+
+  Samana Bay Company, I, 321, 322, 334, 336, 337.
+
+  Samoa, II, 155.
+
+  San Francisco, II, 132, 135, 137.
+
+  San Geronimo, II, 135.
+
+  San Martino, Duke of, II, 250.
+
+  Sanborn, Edward, I, 383.
+
+  Sanborn, Mrs. Edward, I, 383.
+
+  Sanborn, F. B., II, 77, 120, 128, 187, 196, 287, 293, 332, 337,
+        354, 368.
+
+  Sand, George, I, 67.
+
+  Sanford, Mrs., II, 253, 254.
+
+  Sanitary Commission, I, 186, 190, 192, 195.
+
+  Santa Barbara, II, 136.
+
+  Santerre, A. J., I, 8.
+
+  Santo Domingo, I, 320-23, 325, 328, 329, 331, 332, 334, 353, 386;
+        II, 56.
+
+  Sarasate, Pablo, II, 167.
+
+  Saratoga, II, 78.
+
+  Satolli, II, 245.
+
+  Saturday Morning Club, I, 342-44, 353; II, 73, 157, 226, 227.
+
+  Savage, M. J., II, 222.
+
+  Savage, W. F., II, 273.
+
+  Savoy, House of, II, 277.
+
+  Saye and Sele, Lord, I, 133.
+
+  Scala, Cane Grande della, II, 26.
+
+  Scala, Cane Signoria della, II, 26.
+
+  Schelling, Ernest, II, 367, 368, 373.
+
+  Schelling, F. W. J. von, I, 196.
+
+  Schenectady, I, 377; II, 162.
+
+  Schenskowkhan, II, 17.
+
+  Scherb, Mr., I, 142.
+
+  Schiller, J. C. F. von, II, 20, 169.
+
+  Schlesinger, Mrs. Barthold, II, 277.
+
+  Schlesinger, Sebastian, II, 171.
+
+  Schliemann, Heinrich, II, 5, 43.
+
+  Schliemann, Mrs., II, 5, 7, 44.
+
+  Schubert, Franz, II, 20, 71, 157.
+
+  Schurz, Miss, II, 65.
+
+  Schwalbach, II, 172, 173.
+
+  Scotland, I, 88, 91, 92; II, 71, 166.
+
+  Scott, Virginia, II, 249.
+
+  Scott, Walter, I, 13, 91.
+
+  Scott, Winfield, II, 249.
+
+  Sears, Mrs. M., II, 210.
+
+  Seattle, II, 133.
+
+  Seeley, J. R., I, 313, 314; II, 6.
+
+  Sembrich, Marcella, II, 269.
+
+  Severance, Caroline M., I, 291; II, 9.
+
+  Seward, W. H., I, 192, 246.
+
+  Sforza Cesarini, Duchess, II, 175, 176.
+
+  Shakespeare, William, II, 262, 330.
+
+  Sharp, William, II, 169.
+
+  Shedlock, Miss, II, 289.
+
+  Shelby, I, 377.
+
+  Shelley, P. B., I, 68; II, 237.
+
+  Shenandoah, I, 274.
+
+  Shenstone, William, I, 13.
+
+  Sherborn Prison, II, 159.
+
+  Sheridan, Philip, I, 274.
+
+  Sherman, John, I, 239.
+
+  Sherman, W. T., I, 274; II, 380.
+
+  Sherwood, Mrs. John, II, 73.
+
+  Siberia, II, 187.
+
+  Sicily, II, 408.
+
+  Sienkiewicz, Henryk, II, 304.
+
+  Silsbee, Mrs., I, 264.
+
+  Singleton, Violet Fane, II, 5.
+
+  Siouz, I, 380.
+
+  Sirani, Elisabetta, II, 27.
+
+  Sistine Chapel, I, 269.
+
+  Smalley, Mrs., II, 168.
+
+  Smiley, Albert, II, 326.
+
+  Smith, Amy, I, 4.
+
+  Smith, Mrs. E., I, 45, 46.
+
+  Smith, Sydney, I, 82.
+
+  Smith, Mrs. Sydney, I, 85.
+
+  Smith College, I, 361; II, 411, 412.
+
+  Smyrna, II, 42.
+
+  Snyders, Franz, I, 42, 147.
+
+  Socrates, I, 290, 354.
+
+  Somerset, Lady Henry, II, 170, 171, 201, 210.
+
+  Sonnenberg, II, 175, 176.
+
+  Sophocles, II, 130, 157.
+
+  Sorosis Club, I, 373; II, 215.
+
+  Sorrento, II, 389.
+
+  Sothern, E. A., I, 143.
+
+  South Berwick, II, 317.
+
+  South Boston, I, 102, 123, 134, 154, 156, 180; II, 116.
+
+  South Carolina, I, 11, 168.
+
+  Spain, I, 4.
+
+  Spanish-American War, II, 255.
+
+  Speare, William, II, 45.
+
+  Specie Circular, I, 61.
+
+  Spencer, Anna G., II, 358.
+
+  Speranza, Prof., II, 285.
+
+  Spielberg, I, 94.
+
+  Spinola, Contessa, II, 251.
+
+  Spinoza, Baruch, I, 33, 192, 195, 200, 202, 206, 253.
+
+  Spofford, Harriet S., letter to, II, 391.
+
+  Spokane, II, 138.
+
+  Stamp Act, I, 4.
+
+  Standigl, Herr, I, 86.
+
+  Stanley, Mgr., II, 241.
+
+  Stanley, A. P., I, 267; II, 6.
+
+  Stanley, Lady, I, 266, 267.
+
+  Stedman, E. C., I, 190.
+
+  Steele, Thomas, I, 91.
+
+  Stephenson, Hannah, I, 163; II, 130.
+
+  Stepniak, Sergius, II, 170.
+
+  Stevens, Mr., I, 387.
+
+  Stevenson, R. L., II, 200.
+
+  Stillman, W. J., II, 239.
+
+  Stillman, Mrs. W. J., II, 239, 251, 254.
+
+  Stone, C. P., II, 34, 37.
+
+  Stone, Lucy, I, 362, 364, 375.
+
+  Story, Mrs. Waldo, II, 249.
+
+  Story, William, I, 124.
+    Letter of, II, 148.
+
+  Stovin, Mr., II, 36.
+
+  Stowe, Harriet B., I, 304; II, 329.
+
+  Stuart, Miss, II, 21.
+
+  Stuart, Gilbert, I, 189.
+
+  Sturgis, William, II, 142.
+
+  Stuyvesant, Peter, I, 70.
+
+  Stuyvesant Institute, I, 17.
+
+  _Success_, II, 261.
+
+  Sue, Eugene, I, 135.
+
+  Suffrage, equal, I, 362-73; II, 61, 88, 89, 90, 126, 151, 166,
+        192, 216, 268, 322, 343.
+
+  Sullivan, Annie (Mrs. Macy), II, 262.
+
+  Sullivan, Sir Arthur, II, 9.
+
+  Sullivan, Richard, II, 64.
+
+  Sully, Duc de, I, 192.
+
+  Sumner, Mrs., I, 225.
+
+  Sumner, Albert, I, 151.
+
+  Sumner, Charles, I, 71, 74-77, 116, 121, 127, 133, 149, 151, 152,
+        153, 168, 200, 205, 206, 226, 227, 246, 283, 344, 381;
+        II, 108, 128.
+    Letter of, I, 75.
+
+  Sumner, Mrs. Charles, I, 255, 283.
+
+  Sumner, George, I, 151.
+
+  Sutherland, Duchess of, I, 82, 85, 95.
+
+  Sutherland, Duke of, I, 87.
+
+  Swedenborg, Emanuel, I, 135.
+
+  Swinburne, A. C., II, 72.
+
+  Switzerland, I, 94, 278; II, 20.
+
+  Syra, I, 272.
+
+
+  Tacitus, I, 177, 222.
+
+  Tacoma, II, 133, 153.
+
+  Taft, W. H., II, 192, 388, 394.
+
+  Taglioni, Marie, I, 97.
+
+  Talbot, Emily, I, 287.
+
+  Talleyrand, Princess, II, 247.
+
+  Talmage, DeWitt, II, 101.
+
+  Talmud, II, 46.
+
+  Tappan, Caroline, II, 142.
+
+  Tasso, Torquato, II, 32.
+
+  Taverna, Contessa di, II, 253, 255.
+
+  Taylor, Father, I, 72, 346.
+
+  Tebbets, Mrs., 227.
+
+  Tennyson, Alfred, Lord, I, 160; II, 203, 227, 247.
+
+  Terry, Louisa, I, 267, 268, 352; II, 12-14, 16, 28, 29, 32, 55,
+        60, 65, 67, 172-75, 235, 236, 238, 256.
+    Letter to, II, 94.
+
+  Terry, Luther, I, 95; II, 28, 55, 67, 247, 254.
+
+  Terry, Margaret, _See_ Chanler.
+
+  Tewfik Pasha, II, 36.
+
+  Thackeray, W. M., II, 306.
+
+  Thaxter, Celia, II, 199.
+
+  Thayer, Adele, II, 312.
+
+  Thayer, W. R., II, 346.
+
+  Theseum, I, 275.
+
+  Thorndike, Mrs., II, 247.
+
+  Thucydides, II, 47, 98.
+
+  Thynne, Lady Beatrice, II, 254.
+
+  Thynne, Lady Katherine, II, 254.
+
+  Ticknor, Anna, II, 345.
+
+  Ticknor & Fields, I, 137, 143.
+
+  Tilden, Mr., I, 345.
+
+  Tilden, Mrs., II, 157.
+
+  _Times, London_, I, 372.
+
+  Tiryns, II, 5.
+
+  Tiverton, II, 47, 69.
+
+  Todd, Prof., II, 297.
+
+  Todd, Mabel Loomis, II, 270, 297, 315.
+
+  Tonawanda, II, 122.
+
+  Torlonia, Princess, I, 95.
+
+  Toermer, ----, I, 95.
+
+  Tosti, Sig., II, 357.
+
+  Touraine, II, 353.
+
+  Town and Country Club, I, 347; II, 47, 49-52, 55, 77.
+
+  Toynbee, Arnold, II, 323.
+
+  Toynbee Hall, II, 166.
+
+  Transcendentalism, I, 72.
+
+  Trench, Mr., II, 247.
+
+  Trench, Chevenix, II, 247.
+
+  _Trenton_, II, 156.
+
+  Trevelyan, Lady, I, 267.
+
+  _Tribune, Chicago_, II, 8, 9, 18, 176.
+
+  _Tribune, N.Y._, I, 176, 196, 250, 251; II, 84.
+
+  Trinity Church, Boston, II, 141, 199.
+
+  _Trip to Cuba_, I, 173-77, 265.
+
+  Trollope, Frances M., I, 114.
+
+  Trowbridge, J. T., II, 273.
+
+  Troy, I, 298, 308.
+
+  Troyon, Constant, II, 172.
+
+  Trumbull, Senator, I, 239.
+
+  Trumbull, John, I, 5.
+
+  Tschaikowsky, Peter, II, 295.
+
+  Tuckerman, G. F., I, 248.
+
+  Tuckerman, H. T., I, 231.
+
+  Tuesday Club, II, 354.
+
+  Tufts College, I, 218; II, 324.
+
+  Tukey, I, 250.
+
+  Tumwater, II, 134.
+
+  Turin, II, 24, 26.
+
+  Turkey, I, 261; II, 394.
+
+  Tuskegee, II, 200.
+
+  Tweedy, Mrs., I, 227, 231.
+
+  Twelve O'Clock Talks, II, 107, 178.
+
+  Twisleton, Edward, I, 133, 314; II, 6.
+
+  Twitchell, Joseph, II, 187.
+
+  _Tybee_, I, 322, 334.
+
+  Tyndall, William, I, 222, 228.
+
+
+  Umberto I, II, 29-31, 248, 277.
+
+  Unitarian Association, II, 4.
+
+  Unitarian Women, Alliance of, II, 178, 181.
+
+  Unitarianism, I, 109, 185, 259, 388.
+
+  United States Army, II, 15.
+
+  Universal Peace Union, I, 319.
+
+  Upson, Arthur, II, 346.
+
+  Utah, II, 17.
+
+  Utica, I, 344.
+
+
+  Val, Cardinal Merry del, II, 254.
+
+  Valley Forge, I, 6.
+
+  Van Buren, Martin, II, 306.
+
+  _Vandalia_, II, 155.
+
+  Vanderbilt, Cornelius, II, 221.
+
+  Van Dyck, Anthony, II, 11.
+
+  Van Winkle, Judge, I, 382.
+
+  Vassar, Matthew, II, 82.
+
+  Vassar College, I, 361; II, 11, 82, 83.
+
+  Vatican, II, 28, 252.
+
+  Vaughan, Dr., II, 170.
+
+  Velasquez, D. R. de Silva, I, 42.
+
+  Vendome, II, 62.
+
+  Venice, I, 278; II, 27.
+
+  Ventura, II, 136.
+
+  Ventura, Sig., II, 82.
+
+  Vergniaud, P. V., I, 7.
+
+  Vermont, I, 118; II, 68.
+
+  Verona, I, 278; II, 26, 27.
+
+  Versailles, I, 8, 309.
+
+  Vibbert, G. H., I, 364.
+
+  Victor Emanuel I, II, 28-30.
+
+  Victor Emanuel II, II, 30, 278.
+
+  Victoria, Queen, I, 267; II, 20, 127, 218, 283.
+
+  Victoria, Empress (Frederick), II, 20.
+
+  Victory, Temple of, I, 274.
+
+  Vienna, I, 94; II, 182.
+
+  Villegas, Jose, II, 240, 243, 256.
+
+  Vincent Hospital, II, 158.
+
+  Vineyard Haven, I, 342, 387.
+
+  Vinton, Mr., II, 287.
+
+  Virginia, I, 29.
+
+  Viti de Marco, Marchesa de, II, 255.
+
+  Viti de Marco, Marchese de, II, 255.
+
+  Voickoff, Alex, I, 350.
+
+  Voshell, Lucy, II, 344, 345, 347.
+
+
+  Waddington, Mary K., II, 9.
+
+  Waddington, William, II, 9.
+
+  Wade, Benjamin, I, 321.
+
+  Wadsworth, William, I, 86.
+
+  Wagner, Richard, II, 156.
+
+  Wales, I, 88; II, 166.
+
+  Walker, Francis, II, 150, 172, 226.
+
+  Wallace, H. B., I, 134, 271.
+
+  Wallack's Theatre, I, 143, 352.
+
+  Walmsley, Mrs., II, 209.
+
+  Ward, name of, I, 4.
+
+  Ward, Capt., II, 8.
+
+  Ward, Anne, I, 19, 22.
+
+  Ward, Annie. _See_ Mailliard.
+
+  Ward, Emily A., I, 50, 57, 60, 64.
+
+  Ward, F. Marion, I, 17, 22, 30, 46-48, 58, 130, 352; II, 108,
+        174, 175, 411.
+
+  Ward, Henry, I, 22, 60.
+
+  Ward, Henry, I, 31, 60; II, 174, 175.
+
+  Ward, Henry, I, 17, 46-48, 58, 65, 66, 74, 341; II, 160, 277,
+        288, 411.
+
+  Ward, Herbert D., II, 270.
+
+  Ward, Mrs. Humphry, II, 165, 378.
+
+  Ward, John, I, 4.
+
+  Ward, John, I, 22, 28, 64-66, 72, 107, 129, 238, 242-45, 258,
+        351, 352; II, 401.
+
+  Ward, Julia, I, 17, 18.
+
+  Ward, Julia Rush, I, 17-22, 28, 61; II, 160, 235.
+
+  Ward, Louisa. _See_ Crawford _and_ Terry.
+
+  Ward, Mary. _See_ Dorr.
+
+  Ward, Mary, I, 238.
+
+  Ward, May Alden, II, 270, 388.
+
+  Ward, Phoebe, I, 19.
+
+  Ward, Gov. Richard, I, 4.
+
+  Ward, Richard, I, 242, 351.
+
+  Ward, Gov. Samuel, I, 4; II, 78, 198, 221.
+
+  Ward, Col. Samuel, I, 5-9, 15, 16, 19, 21, 22, 37-39; II, 304, 320.
+
+  Ward, Samuel, I, 16-18, 21, 22, 25, 28, 29, 33-42, 46-52, 58-64, 68,
+        243, 272, 289, 351; II, 9, 16, 78, 89, 108, 235, 251, 319, 373.
+
+  Ward, Samuel, I, 17, 30, 42, 46, 48, 51, 56-58, 62, 64, 65, 72, 77,
+        78, 143, 147, 153, 154, 219, 242; II, 7, 55, 60, 66, 67, 71, 72,
+        74, 78, 93-96, 125, 267, 287, 304, 369, 375, 411, 413.
+    Letters to, 69, 70, 78, 81, 83, 84, 86.
+
+  Ward, Thomas, I, 4.
+
+  Ward, W. G., I, 238, 242.
+
+  Ward, Mrs. W. G., I, 238.
+
+  Waring, George, II, 48.
+
+  Warner, C. D., II, 107, 198.
+
+  Warner, H. P., I, 265.
+
+  Warren, Mrs. Fiske, I, 288.
+
+  Warren, William, II, 97.
+
+  Warwick, R. I., I, 9, 16.
+
+  Washington, II, 134.
+
+  Washington, D.C., I, 186, 187, 189, 192, 200, 206, 238, 240, 246,
+        258, 259, 366; II, 131.
+
+  Washington, Booker, II, 233, 261.
+
+  Washington, George, I, 4-6, 12, 13, 111, 189; II, 143, 389.
+
+  Washington Heights, I, 111.
+
+  Wasson, Mr., I, 285, 290.
+
+  Waters, Mrs., II, 179.
+
+  Watts, Theodore, II, 171.
+
+  Webster, Dr., I, 132.
+
+  Webster, Sydney, II, 304.
+
+  Weiss, John, I, 284-86.
+
+  Wells, Amos R., II, 375.
+
+  Wendell, Barrett, II, 359.
+
+  Wendte, C. W., II, 78.
+
+  Wesselhoeft, William, Sr., II, 230, 231, 242, 264, 269, 275, 282.
+
+  Wesselhoeft, William, Jr., II, 284, 333.
+
+  Westminster Abbey, II, 6, 167, 171.
+
+  Wheeler, Joseph, II, 264.
+
+  Wheeling, I, 169.
+
+  Wheelwright, Mrs., II, 300.
+
+  Whipple, Charlotte, II, 267.
+
+  Whipple, E. P., I, 210, 222, 262.
+
+  Whistler, J. McN., II, 5, 72.
+
+  White, Mr., II, 323, 361.
+
+  White, A. D., I, 321.
+
+  White, Daisy R., II, 168.
+
+  White, Harry, II, 168.
+
+  Whitehouse, Fitzhugh, II, 326.
+
+  Whitman, Mrs. Henry, II, 313.
+
+  Whitman, Sarah, II, 180, 228, 262, 325.
+
+  Whitney, Bishop, II, 137.
+
+  Whitney, Mrs., II, 228.
+
+  Whitney, M. W., II, 265.
+
+  Whittier, J. G., I, 138, 152, 153, 210, 344; II, 177, 187,
+       355, 367, 368.
+    Letter of, I, 138.
+
+  Wild, Hamilton, I, 201; II, 99.
+
+  Wilde, Lady, II, 168.
+
+  Wilde, Oscar, II, 70-72, 168.
+
+  Wilde, Mrs. Oscar, II, 167-69.
+
+  Wilderness, Battle of the, II, 253.
+
+  William I, I, 4.
+
+  William I (Prussia), I, 93, 94; II, 20.
+
+  William II., II, 20.
+
+  Williams, Dr., II, 205.
+
+  Williams, Mrs. Harry, II, 93.
+
+  Williams, Roger, I, 4.
+
+  Williams Hall, I, 185.
+
+  Willis, N. P., I, 262.
+
+  Wilman, Helen, II, 325.
+
+  Wilson, Mrs. B. M., II, 266.
+
+  Winchendon, II, 314.
+
+  Winchester, I, 188.
+
+  Windermere, I, 92.
+
+  Winslow, Erving, I, 346.
+
+  Winslow, Helen M., II, 270.
+
+  Wintergreen Club, II, 361.
+
+  Winthrop, Lindall, II, 251.
+
+  Winthrop, R. C., I, 170; II, 93, 306.
+
+  Winthrop House, I, 123, 124.
+
+  Wister, Owen, II, 304, 354.
+
+  Wolcott, Roger, II, 233.
+
+  Woman Ministry, I, 386; II, 77.
+
+  Woman's Church, I, 390.
+
+  _Woman's Journal_, I, 353, 359; II, 9, 100, 324.
+
+  Woman's Liberal Christian Union, I, 388.
+
+  Woman's Ministerial Conference, I, 390.
+
+  Woman's Mission, I, 388; II, 84.
+
+  Women Ministers, Association of, II, 178.
+
+  Women's Educational and Industrial Union, II, 179, 200.
+
+  Women's Hospital, I, 233.
+
+  Women's Rest Tour Association, II, 188, 192.
+
+  Wood, Mr., II, 5, 6.
+
+  Wood, Mrs., II, 5, 6.
+
+  Woolson, Mrs., II, 229.
+
+  _Words for the Hour_, I, 135, 143, 233; II, 211.
+
+  Wordsworth, Mary, I, 92, 93.
+
+  Wordsworth, William, I, 85, 92; II, 296.
+
+  _World, London_, II, 45.
+
+  _World, N.Y._, II, 311.
+
+  _World's Own_, I, 143, 144, 352.
+
+  Wright, Silas, I, 98.
+
+  Wyman, Lillie B. C., II, 187.
+
+
+  Xenophon, I, 298; II, 7, 374.
+
+
+  Yates, Edmund, II, 5, 8, 45.
+
+  Yeats, W. B., II, 319.
+
+  Youmans, E. L., I, 245.
+
+  _Youth's Companion_, II, 66.
+
+
+  Zahm, Father, II, 247.
+
+  Zakrzewska, Dr., II, 302, 306.
+
+  Zalinski, ----, II, 15, 16.
+
+  Zalinski, E. L. G., I, 346; II, 15.
+
+  Zangwill, Israel, II, 331.
+
+  Zola, Emile, II, 241.
+
+  Zuni chiefs, II, 74, 75.
+
+
+Transcriber's note: The footnote on page 127 was unreadable but was
+found in another copy. "The Five of Clubs. See _ante_."
+
+On page 307 there was a footnote marker[2] with no corresponding footnote.
+"Never may I escape it to my grave!"[2]
+
+Index entry for Tebbets, Mrs., 227. gives no volume number. She is
+mentioned in Volume II only, on page 227.
+
+The Table of Contents for Volume II was not found in the original, but
+was provided by the transcriber.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Julia Ward Howe, by
+Laura E. Richards and Maud Howe Elliott
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