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diff --git a/38620-8.txt b/38620-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..337254d --- /dev/null +++ b/38620-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3504 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Brock Centenary 1812-1912 + +Author: Various + +Contributor: John Stewart Carstairs + +Editor: Alexander Fraser + +Release Date: January 20, 2012 [EBook #38620] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BROCK CENTENARY 1812-1912 *** + + + + +Produced by James Wright and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Canada Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net (This +book was created from images of public domain material +made available by the University of Toronto Libraries +(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).) + + + + + + + + + +[Illustration: MAJOR-GENERAL BROCK. + +(_From miniature painting by J. Hudson._) + +Copyrighted in the U. S. A. and Canada. + +--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).] + + + + + BROCK CENTENARY + + 1812-1912 + + ACCOUNT OF THE CELEBRATION AT + QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, ONTARIO, + ON THE 12th OCTOBER, 1912 + + + + + ALEXANDER FRASER, LL.D. + Editor + + + + + TORONTO + PRINTED AND PUBLISHED FOR THE COMMITTEE BY + WILLIAM BRIGGS + 1913 + + + + + DEDICATED + + TO + + THE DESCENDANTS OF THE DEFENDERS + + + + + Copyright, Canada, 1913, by + ALEXANDER FRASER + + + + +PREFATORY NOTE + + +The object of this publication is to preserve an account of the +Celebration, at Queenston Heights, of the Brock Centenary, in a more +convenient and permanent form than that afforded by the reports +(admirable as they are) in the local newspapers. + +Celebrations were held in several places in Ontario, notably at St. +Thomas, where Dr. J. H. Coyne delivered a fervently patriotic address. +Had reports of these been available, extended reference would have been +gladly and properly accorded to them in this book. Considerable effort, +involving delay in publication, was made to secure the name of every +person who attended at Queenston Heights in a representative capacity, +and the list is probably complete. + +For valuable assistance acknowledgment is due to Colonel Ryerson, +Chairman of the General and Executive Committees; to Miss Helen M. +Merrill, Honorary Secretary, and to Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., +M.P., Toronto. Also to Mr. Walter R. Nursey, for the use of the pictures +of General Brock, Col. Macdonell, and Brock's Monument, from his +interesting work: "The Story of Brock," in the Canadian Heroes Series; +and to the Ontario Archives, Toronto, for the use of the picture of the +first monument erected to Brock on Queenston Heights. + + ALEXANDER FRASER. + + + + +[Illustration: From a Silhouette in possession of John Alexander +Macdonnell, K.C., Alexandria. + +LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL. + +Provincial Aide-de-Camp to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock; M.P. for +Glengarry; Attorney-General of Upper Canada. + +--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).] + + + + + CONTENTS + + + PAGE + +Prefatory Note 3 + +Introduction--J. Stewart Carstairs, B.A. 9 + +Preliminary Steps 21 + +General Committee Formed 25 + +Programme Adopted 26 + +Reports of Committees 29 + +Celebrating the Day 32 + +At Queenston Heights-- + Representatives Present 34 + Floral Decorations 40 + A Unique Scene 42 + Historic Flags and Relics 43 + Letters of Regret for Absence 44 + +The Speeches-- + Colonel G. Sterling Ryerson 45 + Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, M.P. 50 + Hon. Dr. R. A. Pyne, M.P.P. 55 + Colonel George T. Denison 58 + Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C. 61 + Dr. James L. Hughes 67 + Chief A. G. Smith 71 + Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft 74 + Mr. Charles R. McCullough 75 + +Appendix I.--Highland Heroes in the War of 1812-14 + --Dr. Alexander Fraser 77 + +Appendix II.--Programme of Toronto Garrison Service + in Massey Hall 82 + +Appendix III.--Indian Contributions to the Reconstruction + of Brock's Monument 88 + +Appendix IV.--Meetings of the Executive Committee + subsequent to the Celebration 91 + +Appendix V.--Captain Joseph Birney 93 + + + + + ILLUSTRATIONS + + + PAGE + +Major-General Brock _Frontispiece_ + +Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp + to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock 5 + +Executive Committee 28 + +First Monument to General Brock at Queenston Heights 33 + +Brock's Monument 34 + +Central section of a panoramic picture of the gathering at + Queenston Heights 36 + +Floral Tribute placed on Cenotaph, where Brock fell, by the + Guernsey Society, Toronto 38 + +Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights 38 + +Memorial Wreaths placed on the Tombs, at Queenston Heights, + of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock, Kt., and Colonel John + Macdonell, P.A.D.C., Attorney-General of Upper Canada 41 + +Wreath placed on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral, + London, Eng., by the Government of Canada 42 + +Wreath placed on Brock's Monument, Queenston Heights, by + the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire 42 + +Conferring Tribal Membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill 43 + +Six Nation Indians celebrating Brock's Centenary at Queenston + Heights 44 + +Colonel George Sterling Ryerson, Chairman of Committee 45 + +Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., addressing the gathering 51 + +Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of Education of Ontario 58 + +James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto 58 + +Colonel George T. Denison, Toronto 58 + +J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, addressing the gathering 61 + +Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve 71 + +Captain Charles R. McCullough, Hamilton, Ont. 71 + +Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation Indians, Toronto 71 + +Members of Committee at Queenston Heights 77 + +Group of Indians (Grand River Reserve) celebrating Brock's + Centenary at Queenston Heights 88 + +Captain Joseph Birnie 93 + + + + +INTRODUCTION + +BROCK AND QUEENSTON + +By John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Toronto + + + +Brock's fame and Brock's name will never die in our history. The past +one hundred years have settled that. And in this glory the craggy +heights of Queenston, where in their splendid mausoleum Brock and +Macdonell sleep side by side their last sleep, will always have its +share. Strangely enough, who ever associates Brock's name with Detroit? +Yet, here was a marvellous achievement: the left wing of the enemy's +army annihilated, its eloquent and grandiose leader captured and two +thousand five hundred men and abundant military stores, with the State +of Michigan thrown in! + +But Britain in those days was so busy doing things that we a hundred +years later can scarcely realize them. However, so much of our historic +perspective has been settled during the past hundred years. Perhaps in +another hundred years, when other generations come together to +commemorate the efforts of these men that with Brock and Macdonell +strove to seek and find and do and not to yield, the skirmish at +Queenston may be viewed in a different light. + +Perhaps then the British Constitution will have bridged the oceans and +the "Seven Seas"; perhaps then Canada will be more British than Britain +itself--the very core, the centre, the heart of the Empire in territory +and population, in wealth and in influence, in spirit and in vital +activities. Then Queenston Heights may be regarded not merely as a +victory that encouraged Canadians to fight for their homes but as a +far-reaching world-event. + +The year of Queenston, let us remember, was the year of Salamanca and of +Moscow--the most glorious year in British military annals. But what has +Salamanca to do with Canada? Britain was fighting alone, not merely for +the freedom of Britons but for the freedom of Europe. Since 1688 she had +been for more than one-half of the one hundred and twenty-four years +actively in arms against France. Since 1793 there had been peace--and +only nominal peace--_against_ France for only the two years following +the Treaty of Amiens (1801). The generation approaching maturity in 1812 +had been born and had grown up "in wars and rumours of wars." In this +struggle against France and later against Napoleon, the Motherland had +increased the National Debt by £500,000,000, or nearly twenty-five +hundred millions of dollars; she had spent every cent she could gather +and taxed her posterity to this extent. That is what Britain had done +for her children--and for the world at large! + +But ever since Jefferson had purchased (1803) Louisiana from Napoleon +the United States had found she was less dependent on Britain. +Accordingly, Jefferson grew more and more unfriendly. And now in 1812, +the world campaign of Napoleon had spread to America. He had hoped for +this, but on different lines. He had planned for it, but those plans had +failed. + +"The War of 1812-14," as we call it, was merely a phase, a section, of +the greatest struggle in the history of mankind--the struggle of Britain +against the aggrandisement and cheap ambition of Napoleon to become the +Dictator of Europe and the civilized world. Brock, though invited to +take a share in the long drawn out contest in Spain, decided--fortunately +for us--to remain in Canada. + +The year 1812 was the climax of the war with Napoleon--the most +splendid, as we have said, of all years in British military annals. +Since 1808, the British forces had been striving to drive the French +from Spain. First under Sir John Moore, later under Wellington, inch by +inch, year by year, they had beaten them back toward the Pyrenees. Then +on July 22, 1812, just as Brock was struggling with all his difficulties +here in Canada, there came Wellington's first decisive victory at +Salamanca. The news reached Brock in October and a day or two before he +died he sent the tidings forward to Proctor--Proctor then struggling +with his Forty-first Regiment to do as much damage as he could to the +enemy hundreds of miles out from Windsor and Detroit, Proctor who was to +be eternally much abused for faults he never was guilty of, and to be +blamed for Tecumseh's death next year. With the news of Salamanca went +Brock's prophetic comment: "I think the game nearly up in Spain"; and +within a year the game, Napoleon's game, was up, not only in Spain but +in all Europe. Within a year Leipsic had been fought and won and +Napoleon was a wanderer on the face of the earth, to be gathered in and +lodged on Elba. + +Meanwhile other great events were shaping. Just a month before +Salamanca--in fact, four days before the United States declared +war--Napoleon had set out on his fatal expedition against Russia. Two +days later he crossed the Niemen. More than a million Frenchmen were now +in arms in Europe; and Britain was the only active enemy in the field. + +What wonder then that Brock, as the civil and military head of the +Government of Upper Canada, should view with extreme anxiety the +situation in the Province? He had been in Canada for ten years. He knew +that the Motherland could not furnish any more men. There were fifteen +hundred regular troops in Upper, and two thousand in Lower Canada. Forty +years before there had not been a single settlement in what is now +Ontario from the Detroit to the Ottawa, from Lake Ontario to Sault Ste. +Marie. Now there were seventy-five thousand inhabitants; and under a +wise Militia Act they had imposed yearly military service on themselves; +every male inhabitant had to furnish his own gun and appear on parade or +be heavily fined. Thus there was a volunteer force more or less trained +amounting to about ten thousand men--a militia that under Brock rendered +splendid service. + +But arms were scarce and supplies had to be brought long distances. The +men at Queenston won their victory with guns that were captured two +months before at Detroit. Throughout the war, when our mills had been +burnt by a ruthless enemy that made war on women and children and old +men, supplies were brought up the toilsome course of the St. Lawrence in +Durham boats and _bateaux_. The devoted militia of the river counties +guarded the frontier, and only once did they lose a convoy, part of +which they afterwards recovered by a raid into the enemy's territory at +Waddington, N.Y. + +In front of Brock was a nation of eight or nine millions, a nation that +believed they could "take the Canadas without soldiers;" as the United +States Secretary of War said--"we have only to send officers into the +Province and the people, disaffected towards their own Government, will +rally round our standard." Yet they placed, during the three years of +the war, 527,000 men in the field and were defeated in thirty-two +engagements. The odds were twenty-six to one against us. That was +Brock's grand bequest to this land--the spirit to fight against odds +that were at first sight positively overwhelming. + +For years sedition and disloyalty had been gaining ground in Upper +Canada. In 1802, Colonel Talbot classified the inhabitants of the +western part of the Province as (1) those enticed hither by the free +land grants; (2) those that had fled from the United States for crime; +(3) Republicans anticipating that the colony would shake off its +allegiance to Britain. Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Cruikshank, who is +justly regarded as the most eminent authority on the War of 1812-14, +believes that in a large portion of the Province "the recent immigrants +from the United States outnumbered all the other inhabitants at least +two to one. Two-thirds of the members of the Assembly and one-third of +the magistrates were natives of the United States." + +On the 28th of July, 1812, Brock called together the Legislature of +Upper Canada. In his speech from the throne he stated that "a few +traitors have already joined the enemy, have been suffered to come into +the country with impunity, and have been harboured and concealed in the +interior." The peroration should be memorized by every young Canadian: +"We are engaged in an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and +despatch in our councils and by vigour in our operations we may teach +the enemy this lesson, that a country defended by _free men_, +enthusiastically devoted to their king and constitution, can never be +conquered." He especially desired the suspension of the Habeas Corpus +Act and the passing of an Act to compel suspected persons to take an +oath abjuring their allegiance to other countries. But Brock, to use his +own words, could "get no good of them. They, like the magistrates and +others in office, evidently mean to remain passive. The repeal of the +Habeas Corpus will not pass, and if I have recourse to the law martial, +I am told the whole armed force will disperse. Never was an officer +placed in a more awkward predicament." + +The very next day he wrote in much the same spirit to Colonel Baynes: +"The population, believe me, is essentially bad--a full belief possesses +them all that this Province must inevitably succumb. This prepossession +is fatal to every exertion. Legislators, magistrates, militia officers, +all have imbibed the idea, and are so sluggish and indifferent in their +respective offices that the artful and active scoundrel is allowed to +parade the country without interruption and commit all imaginable +mischief. . . . Most of the people have lost all confidence. I, however, +speak loud and look big." + +On the same day, moreover, he reported: "The militia stationed here (at +York) volunteered their services to any part of the Province without the +least hesitation." + +Day after day his Legislature wasted their time. For eight days they +discussed a mere party question of changing a clause in the School Bill. +Brock prorogued Parliament and took the reins in his own hands. He +declared martial law, and soon after three members of the Legislature, +Willcocks, Markle, and Mallory, deserted and joined the United States +forces. + +At once he set out on his expedition to Detroit. Through the wilds of +Upper Canada, by lake and field, he led his small band of men two +hundred miles. In nineteen days he was back again in his capital. He had +annihilated the left wing of the enemy's army; he had captured two +thousand five hundred men, thirty-seven cannon and immense military +stores. The State of Michigan practically remained in our possession +till the close of the war. + +A hundred years ago Brock spent the last week in August and the first +part of October in strengthening the defences on the Niagara frontier. +He needed one thousand more regulars, but Sir George Prevost could not +spare another man. He mounted new batteries with the Detroit cannon. He +established a system of communication and the use of beacon lights from +Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, with a spur line inland to Pelham Heights. He +refitted his men from the stores captured at Detroit. Ceaseless activity +and eternal vigilance were the very laws of his life. The motto on his +seal is said to have been "He who guards never sleeps." The legend may +not be correct, but it is so appropriate that one likes to perpetuate +the tradition. + +The United States army as a whole was attacking Canada at three points: +its right wing was trying to force its way up the valley of the +Richelieu; its left wing had been disposed of by Brock at Detroit; its +centre was being strengthened every day along the Niagara frontier. From +the old French fort at the mouth of the Niagara River to the village of +Buffalo there was on both sides of the Niagara an uninterrupted scene of +fearful and warlike activity. The heights of Lewiston and the red beach +below were white with the tents of nearly four thousand soldiers. + +From Queenston a small body of British and Canadian soldiers were +watching and waiting. Then--a hundred years ago--it was much the same +straggling village as to-day. Here the eddying, foaming, turbulent +waters of the Niagara issue from the narrow, rocky gorge to spread out +into a gentle stream and wind their way to Lake Ontario, seven miles +distant. At the foot of the Canadian cliff nestles Queenston; at the +foot of the sister cliff opposite is Lewiston in New York State. A +hundred years ago, from the "Heights" a spectator would have seen the +same glorious panorama of fertile fields and autumn tints; but since +June the whole line of the Niagara River had resounded with din of +preparations to resist a ruthless and aggressive invader. + +But while Brock was absent at Detroit, about the middle of August, Sir +George Prevost, the British commander-in-chief, had very unwisely +concluded an armistice with General Dearborn, the terms of which +extended only to the right wing of the United States army. Accordingly, +this gave Major-General Van Rensselaer, who was in command of the enemy +on the Niagara, a splendid opportunity to array still larger forces +against Brock. Artillery and stores were brought up from Oswego; +thousands of additional troops had been hurried forward to the enemy; +scows and boats were built for the purpose of crossing the Niagara. + +"Major-General Stephen Van Rensselaer," says Colonel Ernest Cruikshank, +the careful historian of the war, "who held chief command by virtue of +his rank as major-general of the New York State troops, was an entire +novice in all military affairs, and could scarcely even be termed an +amateur soldier. The last patroon of the manor of Rensselaer-Wyck and +the leading Federalist in the State, his appointment was a sharp stroke +of party tactics on the part of the Governor, who discovered in him a +prospective and dangerous opponent. The recent congressional elections +had seemed to indicate that the Federalists had regained the confidence +of the people of New York, and most of their leaders were uncompromising +in their hostility to the war. If Van Rensselaer accepted the command +his immediate following would be committed to its prosecution; if he +refused his conduct could be denounced as unpatriotic. + +"Stephen was an amiable and benevolent, but rather dull man of about +fifty years of age. On all strictly military subjects he was compelled +to rely upon the advice of his adjutant-general and cousin, Colonel +Solomon Van Rensselaer, who had been bred a soldier, had served in the +United States army for ten years, and had held his present appointment +for as many more. He had been wounded in Wayne's campaign against the +Indians, and possessed the reputation of being a brave and skilful +officer." + +The close observer who comes up the Niagara River will see just after he +leaves the wharf of Niagara-on-the-Lake the far-extending green bastions +of Fort George. A hundred years ago there was no barn there which a +thrifty Government later allowed to be built within its lines. But a +hundred years ago this morning, on Tuesday, October 13, it was a fort +and Brock's headquarters. For weeks there had been persistent +rainstorms. In the dull grey foggy chill of the morning, about four +o'clock, there came an alarm that the enemy were crossing the river at +Queenston. In a few minutes, Brock dashed out of the fort unattended and +galloped headlong up the river road. Macdonell, his young and faithful +aide-de-camp, soon followed. At Brown's Point, two miles from Queenston, +was a battery manned by the militia of York, among them such men as John +Beverley Robinson and Archibald Maclean, both afterwards chief justices. +As Brock passed he waved his hand to them; and very likely it was then +he said, "Push on, brave York Volunteers." And as they advanced to +support their leaders there was plenty of evidence that the invaders had +made a landing. Troops of the enemy were met under guard--miserable, +wounded wretches. + +The mouth of the Niagara Gorge is barely two hundred yards wide; and +this had been selected as the place at which to cross. Fifteen hundred +United States regulars and nearly three thousand militia, it was hoped, +could be ferried across in seven trips. At Queenston to oppose them +there were merely two companies of the Forty-ninth (Brock's regiment) +under Captain Dennis, and three companies of militia. In all, in and +about Queenston there were less than two hundred men. + +In less than fifteen minutes ten boats had landed three hundred men, +exactly as they had planned. When discovered by a sentinel, they were +forming up under the command of Colonel Solomon Van Rensselaer. + +At once from Brown's Point, from Vrooman's Point, from the gun halfway +up Queenston Heights there belched forth an incessant fire. The +Lewiston batteries opened on the village and soon reduced several of +the houses to ruins. + +Meanwhile, Captain Dennis, with forty-six men, sought out the invaders +at the foot of the cliff. Though they soon took to the cover of the +trees and brush in disorder, many were killed, and Colonel Van +Rensselaer himself received no less than six wounds. + +After dawn, however, they observed how few men were working the one-gun +battery halfway up Queenston Heights. They ascended by a narrow +fisherman's path, under the command of Lieutenant Wool, and gained the +Heights unopposed. + +It was "at this instant Brock rode into the village, splashed with mud +from head to foot. . . . A striking scene presented itself to his gaze. +Battalion after battalion of troops in rear of the American batteries in +readiness to embark; other detachments entering their boats, some +already on the river; their guns throwing round and grape shot into the +village, where Dennis still contrived to maintain a foothold" +(Cruikshank). + +Brock rode up the slope toward the redan halfway up the Heights. From +the hillside above him burst a shout and down rushed an overwhelming +body of the invaders. With barely time to spike the gun with a ramrod, +the three officers and the dozen artillerymen withdrew and left the +enemy in possession. + +Fresh troops were now landing to assist the invaders; and Brock was +fully convinced that the lost position must be recovered at once. He +sent Captain Williams with about seventy men by a round-about way to +attack Wool's left. Seeing Wool's force driven in, Brock mustered a +hundred and ninety men, including the militia flank companies. Waving +his sword, he led his men up the steep ascent toward the battery they +had lost. As he moved toward the right of the mountain, a bullet struck +his sword wrist. Within fifty yards of him, an Ohio rifleman stepped +out from a thicket, took deliberate aim and fired. Shot through the left +breast, he fell. "My fall," he murmured, "must not be noticed, nor +impede my brave companions from advancing to victory." Mindful of duty, +mindful of others, thus died Sir Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper Canada. + +Three days before, a grateful sovereign had created him a Knight of the +Order of the Bath. Subsequent generations of Canadians placed over his +remains the noble shaft, that from its commanding position is the most +notable landmark of the historic battleground he made famous. But he +lives in the hearts of the people whose country he saved, whose fathers +he inspired to resist the invader. He had found them a panic-stricken +people, he left them vigorous, united, aggressive. + +The remaining incidents of that day at Queenston Heights are well known. +Two hours later, Macdonell, Brock's military secretary and aide, tried +to regain the one-gun battery. A fierce fight ensued: Macdonell, Dennis +and Williams were all wounded; and the next day the bright young +Scotsman, attorney-general at the age of twenty-seven, passed away. In +life he was united with Brock, and in death he was not separated. The +bodies of the two heroes rest together under the Queenston Monument, +where the river has been singing their requiem for a hundred years. + +The third stage of the battle was reached at two o'clock in the +afternoon. Then Major-General Roger Hale Sheaffe advanced from Fort +George along the river road. Turning to the right down the little +Queenston Creek, he led his forces across the Dr. Hamilton property. On +the left he flung out his Indians under Norton and Brant, and they moved +forward and made trouble. + +Ascending the escarpment west of the invading troops, Sheaffe came upon +the terrified invaders, drawn up near the site of the present monument. +Their left rested on the river verge of the cliff. A volley or two--and +the Canadians found themselves embarrassed with prisoners. Within a few +days, 958, including stragglers, had surrendered as prisoners of war. +Among these were General Wadsworth, who had been in command, and +Lieutenant-Colonel Winfield Scott, later to become commander-in-chief of +the United States army and conqueror of Mexico. + + + + +PRELIMINARY STEPS + + +The desire to commemorate the centenary of Brock's death-day--October +13th, 1912--took form at a meeting of the United Empire Loyalists' +Association of Canada, held at Toronto on April 11th, 1912, when, on the +motion of Mr. John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., a committee, consisting of +Colonel Ryerson, Lieut.-Colonel W. Hamilton Merritt, Mr. J. S. +Carstairs, and Mr. C. E. MacDonald, barrister, was appointed to draft a +suitable programme for the celebration of "Brock's Day." + +This committee submitted the following report at a meeting of the +Association held on September 17th, 1912, Colonel Ryerson presiding: + + "Your Committee begs leave to report that as, within their + knowledge, no action has been taken by either the Federal or + Provincial Government to celebrate the Centenary of the death of + Sir Isaac Brock on Sunday, October 13th, 1912, they recommend as + follows: + + "(1) That recommendations be made to both the Federal Government + and to the Provincial Government of Ontario, that in view of the + fact that General Brock in June, 1812, found himself at the head of + a panic-stricken people in the presence of a powerful invader, and + that a few months later, when he fell at Queenston Heights, he left + that people united, fearless and invincible, it is believed that + there should be a national demonstration that will be in effect + only less impressive on the public mind than was the passing away + of the man himself at Queenston Heights a hundred years ago. + + "(2) That the demonstration might take the form of a royal salute + from every cannon in the land on Sunday, October 13th. This would + be a matter to be arranged by the Minister of Militia. + + "(3) Every church in Canada might be requested to hold some sort of + a memorial service on Sunday, October 13th. + + "(4) On Friday, October 11th, every school in Canada might appeal + to the intellect and imagination of the coming generation of men + and women by appropriate commemorative exercises. + + "(5) Monday, October 14th, could be proclaimed a national holiday. + + "There is, in the corridor of the Parliament Buildings at Toronto, + the copy of a splendid portrait of Brock, full of life and action. + By some arrangement with the Minister of Education in every + Province, or even without it, perhaps a copy of this picture could + be placed in every school in the land. + + "(6) As the city of Toronto is very likely to expropriate the Knox + College property, it might be well to suggest to the city + authorities that this new park should be opened in October with + proper ceremonies and named Brock Park. In this connection, it + might be well to recall that the lower portion of Spadina Avenue + was, until recently, known as Brock Street. + + "(7) It is recommended that these suggestions shall be brought to + the attention of the Federal and Provincial Governments, and every + means should be taken to convince the authorities that on October + 13th, 1912, our people should hang some votive offering on the + shrine of the hero of Upper Canada. + + "(8) That copies of this report be sent to the National Council of + Women and to the Secretary of the Imperial Order of the Daughters + of the Empire inviting their concurrence. + + "J. S. CARSTAIRS, _Chairman_." + +This Report was adopted tentatively, and in order to secure as wide as +possible a co-operation from other patriotic Associations, it was +agreed, on the motion of Colonel Denison, seconded by Mr. C. E. +Macdonald, that the Centenary of Sir Isaac Brock's death, Sunday, +October 13th, 1912, be commemorated by an excursion to Queenston Heights +on the 12th, and that patriotic and historical societies, clubs and +regiments, etc., be asked to send not more than three delegates to a +meeting to be held on Wednesday, September 25th, at 4.30 o'clock, in the +Canadian Foresters' Building, to discuss a plan of commemoration. + +In accordance with this resolution the following societies were +circularized, and asked to co-operate in the celebration: + +SOCIETIES: British Empire League; Caledonian Society; Canadian Club; +Canadian Defence League; Daughters of the Empire, Niagara Falls, Ont.; +Daughters of the Empire, St. Catharines; Empire Club; Historical +Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake; +Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire; Irish Protestant and Benevolent +Society, Toronto; Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; +Ontario Historical Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St. +Catharines' Historical Society; St. George's Society, Toronto; Sons of +England, Toronto; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association, Toronto; +Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto; Women's Canadian Club, +Toronto; Women's Historical Society, Hamilton; Women's Institute, +Queenston; Women's Institute, Stamford; York Pioneers' Association. + +MILITARY: Brig.-General W. H. Cotton, Officer Commanding 2nd Division; +Canadian Army Medical Corps, Permanent Army Medical Corps, Permanent +Army Service Corps, Royal Canadian Dragoons, Royal Canadian Engineers, +Royal Canadian Regiment. + +_Artillery_: 2nd Brigade Canadian Field Artillery, 9th Battery Canadian +Field Artillery. + +_Cavalry_: Governor-General's Body Guard, 9th Mississauga Horse. + +_Infantry_: "Queen's Own" Rifles, 10th Regiment Royal Grenadiers, 12th +Regiment York Rangers, 48th Battalion Highlanders. + +_Military Associations, Etc._: Canadian Military Institute, Her +Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans, Imperial South African Service +Association, Veterans of '66 Association, Veterans of '85 Association, +Wolseley Red River Expedition Association, 1870. + + + + +GENERAL COMMITTEE FORMED + + +In response to the invitation above referred to, societies and regiments +appointed the following delegates to represent them on the General +Committee:-- + + _United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada_: Colonel G. + Sterling Ryerson, President; Colonel G. T. Denison, Lieut.-Colonel + George A. Shaw, Mr. R. E. A. Land, Vice-Presidents; Mr. J. Stewart + Carstairs, Honorary Secretary; Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary + Assistant Secretary; Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mr. C. E. + Macdonald, Miss Catharine Merritt, Mr. R. S. Neville, K.C., Captain + Victor Hall, Miss O. V. Widner, Mrs. F. O. Loft, Mrs. Edmund + Phillips, Mrs. Dignam, Toronto. + + _Six Nations Indians_ (United Empire Loyalists): Warrior F. O. + Loft, Mr. Allen W. Johnson. + + _British Empire League_: Colonel G. T. Denison, Toronto. + + _Canadian Club_: Dr. A. H. U. Colquhoun, President; Mr. F. D. L. + Smith, Toronto. + + _Canadian Defence League_: Colonel Fotheringham, Dr. J. L. Hughes, + Mr. R. E. Kingsford, Toronto. + + _Empire Club_: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. E. K. Richardson, + Toronto. + + _Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire_: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham, + Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Mrs. John Bruce, Miss Constance Boulton, + Toronto. + + _Sons of Scotland_: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Dr. John Ferguson, + Toronto. + + _St. George's Society, Toronto_: John W. Gamble Boyd. + + _Lundy's Lane Historical Association_: Mr. J. Jackson, + Superintendent Queen Victoria Park, Secretary, Niagara Falls, Ont. + + _Niagara Historical Society_: Miss Janet Carnochan, + Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson, Mrs. Charles Lewis + Shaw, Toronto. + + _Ontario Historical Society_: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Secretary, + Toronto. + + _Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto_: Miss M. Agnes + FitzGibbon, Toronto. + + _Women's Wentworth Historical Society_: Mrs. John Calder, Hamilton, + President. + + _Governor-General's Body Guard_: Lieut.-Colonel Frank A. Fleming, + W. E. L. Coleman, Toronto. + + _12th Regiment_: Major Curran, Toronto. + + _48th Highlanders_: Captain Darling, Adjutant. + + _'66 Veterans' Association_: Captain Geo. Musson, P. E. Noverre, + David Creighton, Lieut.-Colonel A. E. Belcher, Lieut.-Colonel Geo. + A. Shaw, Toronto. + + _'85 Veterans' Association_: Sergeant A. G. Scovell, Toronto. + + +PROGRAMME ADOPTED + +The first meeting of the General Committee thus formed was held on +September 25th, 1912, in the Canadian Foresters' Building, College +Street, Toronto. There was a large attendance of members. + +Colonel Ryerson was appointed Chairman, and Miss Helen M. Merrill +Secretary, of the Committee. The report from the United Empire Loyalist +Association of Canada, as given above, having been read to the meeting, +resolutions to the following effect were passed: + + (1) That Brock's Day be celebrated by a public gathering at + Queenston Heights. + + (2) That the various patriotic and historical societies, local as + well as those within easy reach of Queenston, be invited to send as + large delegations as possible to Brock's Monument on Saturday, + October 12th, 1912, in commemoration of his death. + + (3) That the various patriotic and historical societies be asked to + send wreaths for the purpose of decorating Brock's Monument on + October 12th. + + (4) That a special invitation be sent to Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C., + Alexandria, Ont., to attend the celebration as the direct + representative of Colonel John Macdonell, the Attorney-General of + Upper Canada, and Brock's Provincial A.D.C., who fell with his + leader, and whose remains rest beneath the monument on Queenston + Heights. + + (5) That the Honourable the Minister of Militia be asked to order + that salutes be fired on October 12th from all saluting points in + Canada. + + (6) That the churches be asked to arrange that memorial sermons be + preached throughout Canada on Sunday, October 13th. + + (7) That suitable exercises relating to Brock and 1812 should be + held in every school in Canada; and that this suggestion be not + only given publicity through the newspapers, but that the attention + of the various Ministers of Education in the Dominion be specially + drawn to it. + + (8) That the Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs at Ottawa be + asked to take measures to have the history of Brock and the events + of the 1812 war brought specially before the children in all Indian + Schools under the charge of the Dominion Government. + + (9) That a wreath be placed on the picture of Brock in the + Parliament Buildings, Toronto. + + (10) That it be suggested to the Dominion Government to place a + wreath on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, + England. + +An Executive Committee was appointed to further these resolutions, +consisting of the members of the following special committees:-- + + _Travelling Arrangements, etc._: Colonel Ryerson, Dr. James L. + Hughes, Mr. J. S. Carstairs and Mr. C. E. Macdonald. + + _Press_: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. F. D. L. + Smith, Miss Helen M. Merrill. + + Chairman and Secretary of the Executive Committee: Colonel Ryerson + and Miss Helen M. Merrill. + +[Illustration: + +Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary Secretary. Colonel George S. Ryerson, +Chairman. James L Hughes. LL.D. J. Castell Hopkins. J. Stewart +Carstairs, B.A. Charles E. Macdonald, Esq. Alexander Fraser, LL.D. F. D. +L. Smith, Esq. + +EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.] + + + + +REPORTS OF COMMITTEES + + +The General Committee met on October 2nd, 1912, Colonel Ryerson +presiding. The reports of the special committees regarding the +arrangements were very satisfactory, and it was made abundantly clear +that the proposed celebration had touched a tender chord of public +feeling. Travelling arrangements by train to Niagara Falls and by +electric car thence to Queenston Heights were approved of. The +co-operation of the Women's Institute, Queenston, was promised in +connection with the decoration of the grounds there; the Ontario +Government consented to police the grounds, and the Victoria Park +Commission to reopen the restaurant at the Heights for the day. It was +agreed to advise the hotels at Niagara Falls, Ont., that luncheon would +be taken at that town on arrival of the train, and to arrange with the +electric railway for the conveyance of the visitors to the Monument. The +publicity so generously afforded by the press was gratefully +acknowledged. A letter from Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Alexandria, +accepting the Committee's invitation, was read; and a motion by Mr. F. +D. L. Smith that a bronze tablet to mark the centenary celebration be +placed on Brock's Monument was deferred for consideration at the next +meeting to be held on the week following. + +At the meeting of the General Committee held on October 9th in the +Canadian Foresters' Hall, Toronto, Colonel Ryerson presiding, the +following report of the Executive Committee was received and adopted:-- + + "The Executive Committee met on October 7th and received + satisfactory reports of the progress made in carrying out the + proposals of the General Committee. A programme for the celebration + at Queenston Heights was drafted, and the President was requested + to arrange with the Department of Militia that the permanent forces + be sent from Toronto to Queenston Heights to take part in the + proceedings. It was also resolved to publish an account of the + proceedings in connection with the celebration as an interesting + record of a notable event." + +The Executive also reported that all arrangements had been completed for +the journey to Queenston Heights; that the Militia Department had +ordered that salutes be fired from all saluting points in Canada on the +12th inst.; that commemorative church services would be extensively held +on the 13th inst.; that special exercises would be observed in the +public schools in accordance with letters received from the Honourable +R. A. Pyne, M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, Mr. Augustus W. +Ball, Deputy Minister of Education, Saskatchewan, Mr. Alexander +Robinson, Superintendent of Education, British Columbia, and from Mr. R. +Fletcher, Deputy Minister of Education, Manitoba; that a detachment from +the permanent infantry force at Toronto would proceed to Queenston +Heights on the 12th inst.; that the Toronto, Hamilton and other corps of +militia would be represented, and that large delegations from patriotic, +national and historical societies would take part; that many wreaths +would be sent to the monument; that the Dominion Government had ordered +its representative in London, England, to place a wreath on Brock's +Memorial in St. Paul's Cathedral; and that letters from prominent public +men had been received, either regretting their inability to take part or +accepting the invitations to be present. + +This being the last meeting of the General Committee, it was agreed to +refer the suggestion that a bronze centennial tablet be placed on +Brock's Monument, the striking of a Centennial medal, and all business +connected with the celebration ceremonies, or arising therefrom, to the +Executive Committee, with full power to dispose of the same. + +The meeting then adjourned _sine die_. + + + + +CELEBRATING THE DAY + + +It had been decided to travel by the Grand Trunk Railway train leaving +Toronto at nine o'clock a.m. (a few only going by steamer from Yonge +Street wharf). The unsettled, rainy weather of the two previous days had +caused some misgiving as to the number of people who might venture on an +open air demonstration on a cold October day, and the grey looming skies +at dawn on Saturday, the 12th, held no hidden hope of a silver lining. +The enthusiasm awakened by the name of Brock, however, was resistless, +and betimes the seats in the waiting train were crowded. The Union +Station witnessed a lively scene--the soldiers in bright colours, the +ladies and gentlemen in gay humour, and the stirring music of the +bagpipes, combining to enliven and mark the unusual character of the +occasion. + +At Hamilton a number of friends joined the party, and others who could +not do so came to the railway station to express their good wishes. St. +Catharines also gave its contingent. Niagara Falls was safely reached at +11.45 o'clock. + +Shortly afterwards Major Gordon J. Smith, Brantford, Superintendent of +the Six Nation Indians, and a fine delegation arrived, and luncheon was +served at several of the hotels. + +The journey was resumed by electric cars, the large company arriving at +Queenston Heights in the course of an hour. + +During the forenoon the sky had cleared, and now the sun shone out +brightly for a space on a landscape unsurpassed anywhere for spacious +magnificence and scenic beauty. And crowning the domed escarpment the +stately column spoke forth a people's patriotism and love, a memorial to +the brave, the scene harmonizing with the feelings of the great +gathering. + +[Illustration: FIRST MONUMENT TO GENERAL BROCK AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS. + +--Ontario Archives.] + + + + +AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS + + +[Illustration: BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS. + +--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).] + +About two thousand people gathered at the foot of the Monument. Colonel +G. Sterling Ryerson, President of the General Committee and of the U. E. +L. Association, presided. Among those present were the Hon. R. A. Pyne, +M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, and Mrs. Pyne; A. Claude +Macdonell, M.P., Toronto; W. M. German, M.P., Welland; Colonel George T. +Denison (U. E. L. and British Empire League); J. A. Macdonell, K.C., +Glengarry; A. MacLean Macdonell, K.C. (representatives of Colonel the +Hon. John Macdonell, Provincial A.D.C. to General Brock); Dr. Alexander +Dame (a relative of Hon. Colonel John Macdonell); James L. Hughes, LL.D. +(Canadian Defence League); Doctor Jessop, M.P.P., St. Catharines; Mr. +Evan Fraser, M.P.P., Niagara Falls, Ont.; Alexander Fraser, LL.D. +(Ontario Historical Society, St. Andrew's Society, and S.O.S. +Association); Mr. F. D. W. Smith (Canadian Club, Toronto); J. Castell +Hopkins (Empire Club, Toronto); Miss Helen M. Merrill (Honorary +Secretary, Brock Centenary, and U. E. L.); Miss C. Macdonell; Miss Kate +Fraser, Toronto; Mr. John Stewart Carstairs, B.A. (Honorary Secretary, +U. E. L. Association of Canada); Mr. Charles E. Macdonald, barrister, +Toronto (Honorary Counsellor, U. E. L. Association of Canada); Chas. R. +McCullough, Hamilton (Union of Canadian Clubs). + +Royal Canadian College, Kingston: Colonel J. H. V. Crowe, Commandant. + +Royal Canadian Regiment: Captain J. F. Brown (in command), Lieutenant J. +W. Cox, and sixty-eight non-coms. and men. + +Governor-General's Body Guard: Lieut.-Colonel Prank A. Fleming, officer +commanding; Lieutenant A. D. Kirkpatrick; A. M. Stretton, Sergt.-Major, +W. O.; S.Q.M.S. W. E. Borlace, Sergeant E. Pelletier, Mr. W. E. L. +Coleman, Robt. D. Cox, Q.M. Sgt., 1st Cavalry Brigade; Corporal Worsick, +Corporal Douglas; Troopers G. L. Collins, E. Lightbody, Sewell, Thos. +Preston, G. W. C. Clarke, John S. Kilpatrick, W. Lennox, W. Hill, S. +Norse. + +9th Mississauga Horse. + +St. Catharines Field Battery: Colonel F. King, Lieut.-Colonel Campbell. + +Canadian Engineers. + +2nd Regt. Q.O.R., Toronto: Sergeant-Major Geo. Creighton, Sergeants J. +I. Matthews, A. G. Scovell, R. F. Reed, W. F. Meaforth, Forsyth, Scott; +George Sanderson, E. R. Fitzgerald, retired, New Westminster, B.C., and +others. + +10th Regt., "Royal Grenadiers," Toronto: Edward Johnston, Geo. H. +Briggs, Robert Hazelton, and seventeen men under Captain Campbell. + +12th Regt., "York Rangers": Major Curran. + +13th Regt., Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel Moore, Bt. Lieut.-Colonel Ross, +C.O., Major Lester. + +19th Regt., St. Catharines: Lieut.-Colonel W. W. Burleigh and others. + +22nd Regt., "Oxford Rifles." + +36th "Peel" Regt.: Royal Grafton, Ensign. + +48th Regt., "Highlanders," Toronto: Lieut.-Colonel W. Hendrie, Major J. +A. Currie, and thirty-two non-com. officers and men in charge of +Sergeant Cameron. + +91st Regt., Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel John J. +Maclaren and others. + +York and Simcoe Battalion, Toronto: Corporal Thos. Laird, N.W.F.F., +1885. + +North-West Mounted Police: J. W. Scott. + +Ridley College Cadets and Bugle Band. + +'66 Veterans' Association: P. E. Noverre, President; Captain John A. +Macdonald, '70; Colonel Belcher; Major J. Beck, 33rd Huron Regt.; +Captain Geo. Musson, John Robinson, Walter R. Nursey; Captain John Ford +(Chicago Volunteers), Past-President; Andrew K. Lauder, Captain F. H. +McCallum, A. E. Wheeler. + +Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association, St. Catharines: +Jamieson Black, President; C. Chapman, Past-President; Robt. J. Black, +Vice-President; W. H. Drysdale, Treasurer; J. Albert Mills, Secretary; +George Wilson. + +His Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans' Association: Mr. C. H. Robertson. + +Canadian Militia Veterans: Captain W. Fahey, President. + +Canadian Baden-Powell Boy Scouts: Ed. Nix, J. Gordon Rosser, Toronto. + +United Empire Loyalist Association of Canada: Major W. Napier Keefer, +Past-President; Mr. R. E. A. Land, Vice-President; Rev. Canon Alex. W. +Macnab, Honorary Chaplain, and Mrs. Macnab; Mr. E. M. Chadwick, K.C., +Honorary Genealogist; Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mrs. Edwards +Merrill, Miss Emily Merritt, Miss Catharine Merritt, Miss Laura Clarke, +Captain G. S. Ryerson, Miss Laura Ryerson, Miss Flora Powel, Miss J. J. +MacCallum (descendant of Laura Secord), Miss Henrietta Loft, Miss Affa +Loft, Major J. G. Beam (retired, 44th Batt.), Captain M. S. Boehm (30th +Regt.), Mrs. Birdsall (descendant of Laura Secord), Niagara Falls. + +[Illustration: CENTRAL SECTION OF A PANORAMIC PICTURE OF THE GATHERING +AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.] + +Council of the Six Nations Indians, Oshwegan, Brant County (United +Empire Loyalists): Mr. Gordon J. Smith (Honorary Chief, De-ha-ka-res, +Bear Clan, Mohawk Tribe), Superintendent, Brantford; Chief Josiah Hill +(Sa-ko-ka-ryes, Wolf Clan), Secretary; Chief William Smith, +Interpreter; Chief J. C. Martin, Speaker; Chief J. S. Johnson +(Ka-nen-kwe-yah), Deputy Speaker; Chief J. W. M. Elliott (Mohawk); Chief +A. G. Smith (De-ka-nen-ra-neh, Bear Clan, Mohawk); Chief Elias Lewis +(De-ka-ri-ho-gen, Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief Abraham Lewis +(Ah-yon-wah-ehs, Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief John A. Gibson (Seneca); +Chief Peter Isaac (Mudturtle Clan, Seneca); Chief Alexander Hill +(Ot-go-taw-yen-toun, Deer Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief Lawrence +Jonathan (Sha-ko-ken-he, Eel Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief David +Jamieson (Cayuga); Chief Jacob Isaac (Hon-wa-sha-de-hon, Oneida); Chief +Joseph Powless (Ha-dva-dho-nen-ta, Wolf Clan, Oneida); Chief Richard +Hill (Ra-rih-whi-tyen-tah, Wolf Clan, Tuscarora); Chief Elias Carrier +(Tuscarora); Warrior Frederick O. Loft and Mr. Allen W. Johnson, +Toronto, Delegates to Brock Centenary Committee; Chief Isaiah Sickles +(Da-Da-hon-den-wen, Bear Clan, Oneida); Warrior George Aaron; Daniel +McNughton (Ha-don-da-he-ha); Dennis Palmerston (Tuscarora, American +Indian). + +Canadian Club, Toronto: Mr. James M. Sinclair, Mr. W. J. Clarke, G. +Frank Beer, P. H. Jennings, J. R. Collins. + +Empire Club, Toronto: Mr. Fred B. Fetherstonhaugh, K.C., President; Mr. +Richard A. Stapells, First Vice-President. + +British Empire League, Toronto Branch: James P. Murray. + +Sons of Scotland, Toronto: Dr. John Ferguson, Mr. Evan Hugh Fraser, +representing Camp Alexander Fraser, S.O.S., Toronto. + +St. Andrew's Society, Toronto: Captain Herbert M. Mowat, K.C., U.E.L., +Vice-President; Mr. James Murray, Manager; Mr. T. C. Irving, Manager; +Mr. J. P. Martin, Robert Farquharson. + +St. George's Society, Toronto: Mr. John W. Gamble Boyd. + +Centre and South Toronto Liberal Conservative Association: Mr. Arthur +VanKoughnet; Women's Branch, Mrs. Arthur VanKoughnet. + +York Pioneers' Historical Society, Toronto: Daniel Lamb, President; John +W. Millar, Secretary; John Harvie, J. G. Hughes, Wm. Crocker, J. C. +Moor, J. Hawley, E. Gegg, Josiah Rogers, John F. Ellis, A. E. Wheeler, +W. D. McIntosh, W. J. Adams. + +Knights of Malta and the Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto: +Mr. R. E. A. Land, Mr. A. G. Horwood, Mrs. A. G. Horwood. + +British Women's Society: Miss Perkins. + +Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Toronto: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham, +Mrs. John Bruce, Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Miss Constance Boulton, Mrs. +E. Humphreys, Mrs. Wm. Humphreys, Mrs. E. A. James, Miss Laura Brodigan, +Miss Watson, Miss Maud Watson. + +Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto: Miss M. Agnes FitzGibbon, +Miss Mickle, Mrs. Kearn, Mrs. Campbell Meyers, Miss Clara Port, Miss J. +J. MacCallum. + +Brant Historical Society, Brantford: His Honour Judge Hardy, Honorary +President; Mr. S. F. Passmore, President; Miss Isabella Gilkison, Mr. T. +W. Standing, Vice-Presidents; Mrs. J. Y. Brown, Secretary; Major H. F. +Leonard, Curator; Mr. J. J. Hawkins. + +Lundy's Lane Historical Association, Niagara Falls: Mr. J. Jackson, +Secretary. + +Thorold and Beaver Dams Historical Society: T. H. Thompson, President; +Miss Amy Ball. + +Niagara Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake: Miss Janet Carnochan, +President; Rev. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. Ascher, Mrs. T. +F. Best, Miss M. Ball, Mrs. Bottomley, Miss Creed. J. Eckersley, H. +Macklem, Mrs. Macklem, Wm. Ryan, J. deW. Randall, Mrs. Randall, E. H. +Shepherd, Mrs. Shepherd, Miss C. Waters, F. Winthrop, Mrs. Winthrop, +Niagara; R. Field, Miss E. L. Lowery, Mrs. H. Usher, Queenston; Miss Amy +Ball, Thorold; Miss S. Crysler, Niagara Falls; J. C. Ball, C. A. Case, +St. Catharines; J. S. Carstairs, A. J. Clark, Miss E. Long, Mrs. Charles +Lewis Shaw, Miss Annie Clark, Mr. G. J. Clark, Toronto. + +[Illustration: FLORAL TRIBUTE PLACED ON CENOTAPH, WHERE BROCK FELL, +BY THE GUERNSEY SOCIETY, TORONTO.] + +[Illustration: + +G. J. Birney. Sgt. John I. Matthews. Q.O.R. +Dr. Chas. F. Durand. J. L. Birney. Sgt.-Major Geo. Creighton, Q.O.R. + +BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.] + +Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton: Mrs. John Calder, Miss +Calder. + +Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mr. C. E. Kelly, President; G. D. Cadeaur, +Secretary; Mr. Harry D. Petrie. + +Women's Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry D. Petrie. + +Women's Institute, Queenston: Mrs. A. A. Ramsay. + +Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry D. Petrie, +Miss B. Gaviller. + +St. George's Society, London: Mr. N. F. Willmot. + +St. George's Society, Guelph: Mr. H. J. B. Leadlay. + +Canadian Business Women's Club, Toronto: Miss H. Williamson, Miss +Winnifred Macdonald, Miss Effie Telfer, Mrs. Anna Fox. + +Others present were: Mrs. (Col.) William Hendrie, Hamilton; D. Macgregor +Whyte, artist, Oban, Scotland; Lieutenant-Colonel Fred W. Macqueen, +Toronto; Wm. Rea, Mrs. Rea, _née_ Jane Thomas, daughter of Mr. James +Thomas, who was one of the contractors for the erection of Brock's +Monument, and resided at Queenston during the entire time the Monument +was being erected; Rev. S. A. Laidlaw, Ridgeway; Mr. W. H. Banfield, Mr. +Benj. P. McKay, Mr. H. E. Wilmot, Mr. Samuel O'Bryen, Miss F. May +Simpson, Miss Marjorie FitzGibbon, Miss Perkins, Miss Lulu Crowther, +Mr. William Moss, Miss J. E. Douglas, Mr. H. B. Adams, Miss D. F. Waite, +Miss Helen J. Sturrock, Mr. James Young, Mr. John Hawley, Mrs. Rees, +Miss Amelia Rees, Gonnie Rees, A.T.C.M., Toronto; Mr. Fred Landon, Press +Gallery, Ottawa; Mayor J. deW. Randall, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. A. +Servos, Miss Mary Servos, St. Catharines; Mrs. Redhead, Miss Oliver, +Niagara; Wm. Milliken, Toronto, and Dr. Campbell Meyers, Toronto. + +The stirring interest taken by the public in the celebration was in no +way made more apparent than by the large number of costly and beautiful +floral offerings sent to decorate the monument. Immediately on +assembling on the Heights, these expressive tributes were formally +received, one by one, by Colonel Ryerson. The names of the givers were +announced by Mr. Chas. E. Macdonald, who also read out the patriotic +mottoes and inscriptions. The wreaths were then carefully placed on the +monument, and so numerous were they that they almost covered its huge +base. The luxuriant ivy growing on the lower masonry was richly tinted +with autumnal bronze, and on the natural background thus unexpectedly +provided, the delighted celebrators worked out an effective colour +scheme. It has not been possible to obtain a complete list of those who +brought wreaths with them, but the following were noted: + +A magnificent Cross of St. George, made of oak leaves, from the Guernsey +Society of Guernsey Island, Brock's birthplace, was placed on the +cenotaph which marks the place where Brock fell, by Mr. J. L. Burney, +whose father was a lieutenant under Brock and was by his side when the +General was fatally stricken. + +J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., Toronto, +and Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., Toronto, as representatives of +the family of Colonel the Honourable John Macdonell, General Brock's +aide-de-camp and military secretary, placed on the monument two handsome +wreaths of laurel leaves, decorated with white and pink heather and +heavily trimmed with purple, one to the memory of Brock, and one, with +the motto "From Kith and Kin," to the memory of their kinsman, Colonel +Macdonell. + +[Illustration: MEMORIAL WREATHS ON THE TOMBS, AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, OF +MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ISAAC BROCK. Kt., AND COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL, +P.A.D.C., ATTORNEY-GENERAL OF UPPER CANADA. + +Placed there by Mr. John Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, Mr. Angus Claude +Macdonell. K.C., M.P., Toronto, and Mr. A. McLean Macdonell. K.C., +Toronto (with the motto, "From kith and kin." on that of the latter).] + +Colonel George T. Denison placed a wreath from the British Empire League +(England), he being the President of the Canadian branch. + +Mr. J. Murray McCheyne Clark, K.C., LL.B., Toronto, sent a wreath on +behalf of the Toronto branch of the British Empire League, of which he +is the President. + +Wreaths were sent by the Canadian Club, Toronto; the Canadian Club, +Hamilton; the Caroline School pupils, Hamilton; Centre and South Toronto +Conservative Club, Ladies' Branch; Governor-General's Body Guard, +Toronto; 91st Regiment Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton; Imperial Order +Daughters of the Empire, Toronto; Imperial Order Daughters of the +Empire, Hamilton; Chapter General of Canada Knights of Malta and the +Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto. + +Mrs. Fessenden, as founder of Empire Day, sent a sheaf of crimson +carnations tied with the national colours. To this was attached, with a +League of the Empire brooch, a card bearing this inscription from +Palgrave: + + "If the day of a nation's weakness rise, + Of the little counsels that dare not dare, + Of a land that no more on herself relies,-- + O breathe of the great ones that were, + Burn out this taint in the air! + The old heart of England restore, + Till the blood of heroes awake and cry on her bosom once more." + +Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; 9th Mississauga +Horse; Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association, St. +Catharines--Mr. Jamieson Black, as President, placed a wreath on the +grave as a tribute from St. Catharines. For many years this Association +has placed a wreath at the foot of the tomb of Brock at their annual +outing at Queenston Heights. + +Niagara Falls City, Ontario, Mayor and Aldermen; Niagara Historical +Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Niagara Public Schools; Ontario Historical +Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St. George's Society, Toronto; +St. George's Society, Hamilton; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association; +Sons of Scotland, Camp "Alexander Fraser"; Six Nations Indians +(Oshwegan), Brantford; United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada, +Toronto; Upper Canada Old Boys' Association, Toronto; Welland County +Teachers' Association; Women's Canadian Historical Society, +Toronto--Wreath of scarlet gladioli and carnations tied with scarlet and +green, the colors of the Society, the motto in gold on a green band: +"Deeds Speak"; Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton. + +Miss Ball, granddaughter of Captain John Clement Ball, carried a +lithograph of the battle scene (Queenston Heights) made in 1813 from a +sketch by Major Dennis as he lay wounded on the field, October 13th, +1812. + +In addition to the wreath placed on the monument the United Empire +Loyalists hung a wreath on the portrait of General Brock in the +Parliament Buildings, Toronto. + +The scene presented was unique, and in many respects a remarkable one. +Not the least striking feature was the character of the gathering. +Descendants of soldiers who fought with Brock were there, some of them +carrying the burden of years, some barely out of childhood's leash. +Others, and scarcely less interested in the proceedings, represented +loyal and patriotic societies, widely spread over the Province. The +Indian contingent from the Six Nations occupied a conspicuous place of +honour most worthily, their presence recalling the signal service +rendered by their brave forefathers at Queenston Heights and in the +campaign generally. The military detachments added colour to the +animated scene. The men of the Royal Canadian Regiment, of the +Governor-General's Body Guard, of the Forty-eighth Highlanders, the +Queen's Own, the Royal Grenadiers, the Mississauga Horse, the Ridley +College Cadets, and of other corps, were drawn up on the outside of the +crowd, and beyond them, on the escarpment, the St. Catharines' Battery, +Field Artillery, was stationed. Over all floated the Union Jack. + +[Illustration: WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT IN ST. PAUL'S +CATHEDRAL, LONDON, ENG. BY THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA.] + +[Illustration: WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, BY +THE IMPERIAL ORDER OF THE DAUGHTERS OF THE EMPIRE.] + +[Illustration: BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS + +Conferring tribal membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill, who on adoption +into the Oneida Nation received the name "Kah-ya-tonhs" (One who keeps +records).] + +An incident of the gathering in which much interest was shown was the +unfurling of an old, historic Union Jack from the top of Brock's +Monument by Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary of the Committee. When the +first monument erected to Brock at Queenston was destroyed (17th April, +1840) a great indignation meeting was held on the Heights. Among those +present was a British sailor from one of the ships that conveyed the +Toronto people to the meeting. He had brought with him a Union Jack, and +climbing to the top of the broken shaft, waved it aloft, amid the cheers +of the assembled patriots. The flag was preserved, and Mr. Comer, +Kingston, Ont., readily loaned it for this special occasion. +Accompanying Miss Merrill to the top of the monument with the flag were +Misses Marjorie FitzGibbon and Laura Brodigan and Mr. Allen W. Johnson +(Six Nations). + +Several relics of the War of 1812-14 were shown by their possessors, who +held them sacred, among them a Union Jack, carried by Chief Paudash +(Johnson) of the Mississauga Indians, from the Ontario Archives +Department; early sketches of the Queenston battlefield, and pictures of +officers who took part in the war. + +At the close of the speeches the Six Nation Indians present formed a +Council, and, in recognition of her services as Honorary Secretary of +the Celebration Committee, conferred on Miss Helen M. Merrill the honour +of tribal membership by the name "Kah-ya-tonhs"--one who keeps records. + +The wreaths having been placed, the programme of the day was opened by +the firing of a general salute by the 7th St. Catharines Field Battery +of the Royal Canadian Artillery. This was followed by the playing of a +lament for the dead by the pipers of the Forty-eighth Highlanders and +Pipe-Major Dunbar, piper to Lieut.-Colonel William Hendrie, of Hamilton. + +Letters expressing regret for inability to be present were read by +Colonel Ryerson from the following gentlemen: The Right Honourable R. L. +Borden, M.P., Prime Minister of Canada; His Honour Sir John M. Gibson, +K.C.M.G., Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario; Colonel the Honourable Samuel +Hughes, M.P., Minister of Militia, Ottawa; the Honourable Sir James P. +Whitney, Prime Minister of Ontario; Major-General C. J. Mackenzie, C.B., +C.G.S., Ottawa; Major-General W. D. Otter, C.V.O., C.B.; Major-General +D. A. Macdonald, C.M.G., Ottawa; Brig.-General F. L. Lessard, C.B.; +Colonel R. W. Rutherford, M.G.O.; Dr. R. A. Falconer, President, +University of Toronto; Hugh Munro, M.P.P., Glengarry. + +[Illustration: SIX NATION INDIANS CELEBRATING BROCK'S CENTENARY AT +QUEENSTON HEIGHTS. + +Abram Lewis (holding silver pipe of peace), Chief Alexander Hill, Chief +A. G. Smith] + +[Illustration: COLONEL GEORGE STERLING RYERSON. CHAIRMAN OF +COMMITTEE.] + + + + +THE SPEECHES + + +The preliminaries over, the gathering was addressed by a number of well +known gentlemen whose speeches follow: + + +COLONEL G. STERLING RYERSON + +Chairman of the General Committee + +This meeting to-day is held to commemorate the death of a brave and wise +man who died in the defence of his country. It is not a pean of victory +we sing but a requiem. We are not here to glorify war; nor is our object +to exult over our brave but defeated adversary. Rather is it an occasion +when Canadians should pause and look back over the past and give praise +to God that in the days of stress and storm He raised up great, good and +brave men who were willing and able to fight for their king and country +in order that they might enjoy civil and religious liberty under the +British flag, and that they might hand down to their posterity a fair +and goodly heritage which they had won from the primeval forests by +their labour and sacrifices. The United Empire Loyalists came to this +country not as those who desired to better their condition in life, nor +were they possessed by land hunger, nor by ideas of political and social +aggrandisement. They came solely because of their devotion to the +British Crown and Constitution, and because they preferred to live in +peace and poverty under a monarchical Government rather than in wealth +and discord under republican institutions. It was to these men that +Brock appealed, nor did he appeal in vain when war was declared. It was +on July 27th, 1812, that in reply to an address from the Assembly of +Upper Canada he said: + + "Gentlemen: When invaded by an enemy whose avowed object is the + entire conquest of the Province, the voice of loyalty as well as of + interest calls aloud to every person in the sphere in which he is + placed, to defend his country. Our militia have heard the voice and + have obeyed it. They have evinced by the promptitude and loyalty of + their conduct that they are worthy of the king whom they serve, and + of the constitution which they enjoy; and it affords me particular + satisfaction, that while I address you as legislators, I speak to + men who, in the day of danger, will be ready to assist not only + with their counsel, but with arms." + + He concluded as follows: "We are engaged in an awful and eventful + contest. By unanimity and despatch in our councils, and by vigour + in our operations, we may teach the enemy this lesson, that a + country defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to the cause + of their king and constitution, can never be conquered." + +We know the response, and others who will follow me will speak of it in +greater detail. With the Canadian poet we can say and sing: + + "We boast not of the victory, + But render homage, deep and just, + To his and their immortal dust, + Who proved so worthy of their trust-- + No lofty pile nor sculptured bust + Can herald their degree. + + "No tongue need blazon forth their fame-- + The cheers that stir the sacred hill + Are but the promptings of the will + That conquered then, that conquers still; + And generations yet shall thrill + At Brock's remembered name." + +Nor must it be supposed that the United Empire Loyalists and their +children were the only men who responded to Brock's call to arms. Our +gallant French-Canadian compatriots were not a whit behind in their +hearty response. Coming from a brave and adventurous race, they +performed deeds of valour and endurance equal to the best in the defence +of our country. The hardy Highlanders of Glengarry, too, were rallied to +the flag by the Macdonells. Not the least active among these Scottish +Roman Catholic Loyalists was the Rev. Alexander Macdonell, a priest who +afterwards became the "Good Bishop," a brave and loyal man whose +country's welfare was ever near to his heart. Another Macdonell, George, +was second in command of the Glengarry Regiment, and still another, +Colonel John Macdonell, was aide-de-camp to Brock in addition to being +Attorney-General of the Province. He, alas, lost his life in his gallant +efforts to second his chief at this battle which we commemorate to-day. +Scotsmen are ever brave and loyal, and we have in the Scottish +population of the country an element on whom we can rely in time of +danger. + +Let us not forget that we owe not a little to our Indian allies in the +War of 1812. Tecumseh and Brant played great parts. Nor was Brock +niggardly in his praise. After the fall of Detroit he says in his +despatch to the Governor-General: + + "The conduct of the Indians, under Colonel Elliot, Captain McKee + and other officers of the department, joined to that of the gallant + and brave of their respective tribes, has since the commencement of + the war been marked with acts of true heroism, and in nothing can + they testify more strongly their love for their King, their great + Father, than in following the dictates of honour and humanity by + which they have hitherto been actuated." + +Why do we single out Brock as a hero among so many who have rendered +good service to the country? I think that it is because he was a man of +loyalty, vigour, energy and administrative ability; because he was the +embodiment of the patriotism and loyalty of the people; because he had +within him the power to inspire others with the spirit of patriotism and +self-sacrifice; and above and beyond all, it is due to his efforts, and +to the spirit of resistance and Imperialism to which he gave form and +substance, that Canada to-day is an integral part of the British Empire, +and a daughter nation within that great galaxy of the nations known as +the British Empire. + +What does it mean to be a British citizen? What benefits accrue to us by +having this status? Are not the paths of the sea open to us and to our +commerce by the grace of the British navy? Can we not go to all parts of +the world as individuals, knowing that the Union Jack protects us? Is it +a small privilege to share in the brave deeds of the British army? Are +we not proud of our common literature, and are not Shakespeare and +Milton and Tennyson our very own? Not borrowed plumes we are wearing, +but our own. And are not the benefits of British civil, religious and +political liberty ours also? Is not British justice and administration +of the law something to be proud of and to be thankful for? What should +we do to maintain our status as a partner, a full partner, in the +Imperial concern? Is it not our bounden duty to contribute directly to +the support of the British navy? Are we to lag behind the other +self-governing nations of the Empire in this essential duty? A thousand +times No! A Government which will subscribe twenty-five millions of +dollars for this purpose, and at once, can go to the polls in perfect +confidence when their time comes to ask the people for their verdict. + +Some good people seem to think that the time of universal peace is at +hand. One has only to look at the state of affairs in Europe on this +very day, to perceive how far we are removed from the millennium. In +time of peace we must prepare for war; preparation for war is the best +insurance policy against it. We wish to live at peace with all nations, +but at all costs and at all hazards we must defend our shores. Universal +military service is the duty of the Canadian people in the near future. +The people will be better for it morally and physically. It will surely +come, for the policy of the future is the maintenance of the integrity +of the British Empire. We love our country, we believe it has a great +future; we must make it secure. What says a sweet singer of Canada: + + "O strong hearts guarding the birthright of our glory, + Worth your best blood this heritage ye guard: + Those mighty streams resplendent with story, + These iron coasts by rage of seas unjarred-- + What fields of peace these bulwarks well secure: + What vales of plenty these calm floods supply: + Shall not our love this rough, sweet land make sure, + Her bounds preserve inviolate, though we die: + O strong hearts of the North + Let flame your loyalty forth, + And put the craven and the base to open shame + Till earth shall know the Child of Nations by her Name." + + +MR. ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, M.P. + +Toronto + +We have gathered here to-day as Canadians to commemorate an event which +will be ever dear to us and our posterity. One hundred years ago Sir +Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper Canada, died in battle upon this field in +defence of his country and the flag. In the past we have learned and +heard altogether too little of this truly great man, and of what he +accomplished; it is not too much to say that he preserved Canada to the +Empire and at the same time created a national sentiment in Canada which +has ever grown and expanded to the present day. The national importance +of the battle of Queenston Heights, following the capitulation of +Detroit, cannot be over-estimated; national sentiment or a feeling of +nationhood was even then manifesting itself in this young colony. The +peoples who had settled in Canada sprang from races which had always +stood out strongly for national identity--the English glory in their +historic past; the Scottish race, to which my forefathers belonged and +which to some extent I represent, on this occasion, are noted for their +love of country; and so with the other races which made up the United +Empire Loyalist settlers of Upper Canada at the time of the War of +1812-14. Our national heart was created and stirred in this century-old +war, and the heartbeats have ever become stronger down to this day, and +we now look back through the mists of one hundred years to Sir Isaac +Brock as the first true source of national sentiment which fertilized +our country, and stamped it as British and Canadian forever. + +Our object in coming here to-day, after we have enjoyed one hundred +years of blessed peace with our neighbours to the south, is not to +perpetuate national hostility, or even to cherish a mere military +spirit; we hope and pray and fully believe that this peace will ever +exist between us and our American brothers. Our object in coming here +to-day is to honour the name and memory of one who was chiefly +instrumental in bringing about that blessed peace, and in preserving our +country to enjoy it; and in the name of peace we say that the ground +upon which we stand to-day is consecrated and distinguished by the +valour of our soldier hero, who gave up his life on this spot in the +first great battle of the War of 1812 to purchase that peace which a +grateful country has ever since enjoyed. + +[Illustration: ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, ESQ., K.C., M.P., ADDRESSING THE +GATHERING.] + +This monument under which we stand is a fit emblem of everlasting peace +and at the same time it fittingly commemorates the glorious death of the +man in memory of whom it was raised. We Canadians should ever be +grateful to Divine Providence for having favoured us with such an able +civil and military chief, because Brock was both the chief executive in +our civil affairs and Commander-in-Chief of the forces. As Administrator +of the Province of Upper Canada he was able and prudent; as +Commander-in-Chief he was experienced and fearless. It remained, +however, for the great chief Tecumseh to read the true character of the +man as man. When they first met, Tecumseh turned to his fellow chiefs +and allies, and, pointing to Brock, who stood by him, said, "This is a +man!" The correctness of this opinion was borne out in both the life and +death of Brock. + +Our hero was ever dutiful. He always performed his duty and saw that +others did likewise. The performance of duty was ever uppermost in his +mind, and his ideals were always high, his aspirations noble. Permit me +to quote here one of his first General Orders issued to the troops +immediately upon his taking the field on the 4th of July, 1812: + + "The Major-General calls the serious attention of every militiaman + to the efforts making by the enemy to destroy and lay waste this + flourishing country; they must be sensible of the great stake they + have to contend for and will, by their conduct, convince the enemy + that they are not desirous of bowing their necks to a foreign yoke. + The Major-General is determined to devote his best energies to the + defence of the country, and has no doubt that, supported by the + zeal, activity and determination of the loyal inhabitants of this + Province, he will successfully repel every hostile attack, and + preserve to them inviolate all that they hold dear." + +The result of the war proves how well Brock himself lived up to these +sentiments. + +Let us always remember that the War of 1812 was not of our making. On +the 18th of June, 1812, President Madison declared war against Great +Britain, with Canada as the point of attack. The "Right of Search," the +power to search for contraband or for deserters on board of American +ships, was claimed by Britain, but was resisted by the United States. +Strange to say, this claim was abandoned by Great Britain the very day +before war was declared by President Madison, yet the war was declared +and went on. It will be readily seen that Canada had absolutely nothing +to do with this war or its alleged cause, the "Right of Search"; and +yet, in making this war on Canada, the United States placed itself on +record as approving a forcible invasion of a neighbouring peaceful +country and of involving it in all the horrors of war. At that time the +United States had eight million people, Upper Canada had barely eighty +thousand. At the very outset the Americans placed upon a war footing one +hundred and seventy-five thousand men, whereas there were less than ten +thousand men of all kinds capable of bearing arms in Upper Canada. These +figures give us an idea of the very great disparity both in numbers and +fighting strength between the two peoples so far as we in Upper Canada +were concerned. During the two and a half years of the war there were no +less than twelve separate and distinct invasions of Canada, and +fifty-six military and naval engagements, the great majority of which +were won by our forces. While Brock lived his genius and spirit guided +and inspired the defence of the country, and after his death his noble +example and the preparations he had made for war during his life +encouraged and enabled the people to repel the invader. + +Under the guise of strict discipline and the grim visage of a soldier +and fighting man, Isaac Brock possessed a warm human heart; he was ever +solicitous for the comfort and well-being of his people and especially +of his militia soldiers, and on every occasion consistent with the +safety of the Province he relaxed the rigours of war and would permit +the militia to return to their homes and farms. This is evidenced by +many of his Militia General Orders. An extract from Militia General +Orders of 26th of August, 1812, immediately after the capture of +Detroit, reads as follows: + + "Major-General Brock has ever felt anxious to study the comforts + and conveniences of the militia, but the conduct of the detachments + which lately accompanied him to Detroit has if possible increased + his anxiety on this subject. The present cessation of hostilities + enables him to dispense with the services of a large proportion of + them for a short period." + +We very naturally ask ourselves who these troops were for whose welfare +General Brock was always so solicitous. There were of course some +British regular troops in Canada, noticeably the Forty-ninth, Brock's +own regiment, but during the earlier stages of the war, and while Brock +lived, the men of the Province, militia and yeomanry, had to be relied +upon mainly; these chiefly were the men of the York, Glengarry, Norfolk +and other militia regiments; every loyal man capable of bearing arms in +the Province turned out to fight, or to help those who fought. The York +and Glengarry militia served with great distinction, and I may perhaps +be permitted to refer to the fact that forty-three gentlemen of my own +name and family connection held commissions in the various regiments in +that war. In connection with this I might further mention a somewhat +curious incident. My own grandfather, Colonel Alexander Macdonell, was +taken prisoner by the Americans at the Battle of Niagara, and was +confined as a prisoner at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in the very same +prison in which his own father, Captain Allan Macdonell, had been +confined by the Revolutionary States as a prisoner of war during the +Revolutionary War, 1776-83. + +Now, happily, all is peace; we have enjoyed one hundred years of peace +and we thank Divine Providence for it. We have had preserved to us by +Brock and those who fought and fell with him a rich kingdom; we possess +it in peace and happiness and great prosperity. This is an age of peace, +and in this age and generation it is fit that we should advance all the +works and arts of peace; a very great trust in this respect has been +handed down to us and confided to our safe keeping. In these days of our +prosperity we must protect and defend and develop this great country, +this rich heritage which the heroism of our forefathers has preserved to +us. We must not only conserve it, but we must better it and develop it, +and make useful to man all these possessions which have been given us. +Our ideals and ambitions must always be high, and if we find ourselves +faltering let us look upon this splendid monument and think of the hero +in honour of whom it was raised; and let us at all times remember that +now as in 1812 in unity we possess our strength; we must become one +people if we are to be a great people, with one great common country. We +have many Provinces but only one Canada. + +It has been well said by one of Brock's biographers that "it remains for +the youth of Canada to profoundly cherish the memory of Isaac Brock and +to never lose an opportunity to follow the example set for them by his +splendid deeds." It has also been truly said that "he fell ere he saw +the star of his country rise," and, although the sky over this +battlefield upon which his eyes closed forever one hundred years ago was +cloudy and overcast, yet because he lived and died those who came after +him enjoy the cloudless sunshine of peace and happiness. + +Brock's family motto was "He who guards never sleeps." We know how +faithfully he guarded and safeguarded his country in life, and let us +pray that in death under this monument he sleeps well. + + +HON. DR. R. A. PYNE + +Minister of Education, Ontario + +I have a great deal of pleasure in being present here to-day on this +historic spot, and am deeply sensible of the honour conferred upon me in +asking me to represent the Government of Ontario on this occasion. + +We are meeting here to-day to commemorate the deeds of a great man who +passed away in his effort to save this part of the world for the British +Empire. We must remember that at the time of the battle this part of the +world was a wilderness, and Sir Isaac Brock's wonderful capabilities +enabled him to consolidate the people of this sparsely settled country, +not forgetting our dear old friends the Indians. With a handful of +people, as compared with the country to the south of us, he made a +gallant defence, and, as I said, retained this part of the world for the +British Empire. He was not only a great soldier, but a diplomat and a +statesman, and whatever his vision may have been one hundred years ago, +everyone will agree with me that it was of such a character that he +retained one of the best and finest parts of the world for Great +Britain. + +Let me say a word regarding the loyalty, the love of home and patriotism +that existed at that time on this field of battle, and it might be +asked, what are we doing to-day to create a sentiment of patriotism and +loyalty to our country and flag? Let me contrast the efforts made in +Canada to create a patriotic and national sentiment as compared with the +country to the south of us. Just here let me tell you a short story +regarding what occurred to myself in the city of Detroit some years ago, +before I was a member of the Legislative Assembly or had any thought of +public life. I have always remembered it with the keenest appreciation +of the great work in which the people to the south of us are engaged, +inculcating in the youth of the country a loyal and patriotic sentiment. +I was in Detroit on a school _fête_ day when the children of each school +were marshalled together for a march past the Detroit City Hall, where +they had a large picture of the President surrounded by their national +flag, the Stars and Stripes. As each school reached the entrance to the +City Hall the scholars halted, saluted, and gave three cheers. To a +little urchin on the street near me who was selling papers I said, "Why +do they stop and cheer?" He replied, "They are cheering for the old flag +which we call 'Old Glory,' and, sir, let me tell you that is the flag +that was never licked!" I possibly did not agree with the accuracy of +his history, but I realized the sentiment that had been created in that +youngster's mind, a sentiment of loyalty and patriotism no doubt +inculcated in his mind at school. + +You may reasonably ask, "What are we doing to create a sentiment of +loyalty and patriotism in this country?" and I may say that we have +succeeded in placing the Union Jack, the flag of civilization, over +every rural school in the Province of Ontario. I am also reminded of +what took place the other day in the State of New Jersey, and as you are +a reading people, this episode would not pass unnoticed by you--it +appeared in all of the papers of last week. A boy attending a high +school in the State of New Jersey was asked, as is their custom Monday +morning, to salute the flag and to announce allegiance to the United +States. The boy stated that he had no objection to salute the flag, but +he could not give his allegiance to the United States as he was a +British subject. Mr. President, I find that the State regulations of New +Jersey call upon every scholar in their schools to salute the flag on +each Monday morning and to declare their allegiance to the United +States. This boy, being a British subject, could not conform to that +part of the regulations, and was dismissed from the school. What would +our people think of a regulation of that kind? I leave it for your +meditation. + +I hope and trust this meeting will be an inspiration that will extend +all over this Dominion of Canada, and that some definite and proper way +shall be found to commemorate the deeds of our ancestors and those great +heroes whose efforts we to-day jubilate in this part of Canada, +realizing the great heritage that has become ours through the agency of +those great men who have passed away. May Canada always remain a +part--and by the Almighty's help I believe it will always remain a +part--of the British Empire. + +Mr. President, let me congratulate the Historical Societies, the +volunteers and cadets here assembled for bringing about this wonderful +meeting, which I trust will have an influence in making this an annual +celebration for all time to come. + + +COLONEL GEORGE T. DENISON + +Toronto + +It is a great satisfaction to me to be here to-day and to know that so +many patriotic societies and organizations have clubbed together to +commemorate so splendidly the one hundredth anniversary of the notable +victory gained upon this field. + +The great, virile nations of the world have always commemorated the +brave deeds and victories of their fathers. The Romans did everything in +their power to inspire their young men with love of country by relating +stories of their glorious past. Some of them were evidently legends, but +they all tended to create and instil a pure national spirit. + +For five hundred years after Marathon the Athenians commemorated the +glorious victory won against overwhelming odds. The Spartans never +forgot the death of Leonidas and his three hundred brave, unflinching +followers, who died for the honour of their country at Thermopylæ. +Pausanias the historian was able to read six hundred years after upon a +column erected to their memory in Sparta, the names of the three hundred +Spartans who had died with their king in that fight. + +In Russia also the same spirit of reverence for their great heroes has +always shown itself. Dimitry saved Russia by a great victory over the +Tartars in 1380. Over five hundred years have elapsed, but still the +name of Dimitry Donskoi lives in the memory and the songs of the Russian +people, and still on "Dimitry's Saturday," the anniversary of the +battle, prayers are offered up in memory of the brave men who fell on +that day in defence of their country. + +Switzerland is another example of the patriotism of a free people. They +won their freedom by three great victories won against overwhelming odds +at Morgarten, Sempach and Naefels. Naefels was the final victory, and +every year the people commemorate the great event. In solemn procession +the people revisit the battlefield and the Landamman tells the fine old +story of their deliverance from foreign rule. The five hundredth +anniversary was celebrated in 1888, and people from all parts of +Switzerland flocked to participate in the patriotic and religious +services. This national spirit has kept Switzerland free although +surrounded by great powers. Her children are all trained as soldiers in +their public schools, and compulsory training of all their youth is +rigidly enforced. We could learn a lesson from them in this. + +[Illustration: + +Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of +Education, Toronto. + +James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of +Schools, Toronto. + +Colonel George T. Denison, +Toronto. + +SPEAKERS OF THE DAY] + +Canada has shown the same virile spirit as other great nations, and we +may take pride in the way in which our people have recognized what they +owe to General Brock and the men who fought with him on this field one +hundred years ago. This spot has seen several inspiring demonstrations. + +Brock and Macdonell had been buried in Fort George in 1812. In 1824 +their remains were removed and buried again under the first monument +here. In 1824 there were no railways, practically no steamers, and the +population of the Province was very small, and yet in the funeral +cortege there were 560 men on horseback, 285 carriages and wagons, and +thousands of persons on foot, in all estimated at about ten thousand +people, who followed the remains the seven miles from Niagara to this +place. That was a remarkable tribute to the memory of the great general. + +In 1840 the monument was blown up on Good Friday by an Irish rebel or +Fenian named Benjamin Lett. This aroused intense indignation throughout +the Province, and a great demonstration was organized to arrange for +building a new monument on a grander scale. The meeting was held in +July, 1840, and a great number of the foremost men in public life +attended. Ten steamers, all crowded with people, moved up the river in +procession. About eight thousand persons were present. A new monument +was decided upon and it is here above us now. It is a wonderful monument +to have been erected by a small community when there was very little +wealth in the country. This monument is as a column the finest and +grandest I have seen. I put it far above the column to Alexander I. in +front of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. It is about forty feet +higher than the one to Nelson in Trafalgar Square. The National German +Monument in the Neiderwald does not strike me as being so impressive. + +In 1859, on the anniversary of the battle, there was another great +gathering here for the inauguration of the monument. I was here with a +detachment of my corps and there were a great many other detachments and +people, and about two hundred of the old veterans of the war who came +again to do honour to their dead chief. In the following year the late +King was visiting Canada, and naturally he came here to do honour to the +memory of the great general and to meet the surviving veterans of the +war. There was another great demonstration and I was there on that +occasion also. Could anything show more clearly the deep hold that +General Brock had on the affection and memory of the Canadian people +than these repeated gatherings? And now, after another fifty-two years, +there is this splendid demonstration of respect and gratitude. I am +proud that our people have done their duty to-day, and I hope that our +action will inspire our children a hundred years hence to commemorate +the great event. I make no apologies for coming here to glory over the +victory. Brock died on this field and our fathers fought here that we +should be a free and independent people, and we have enjoyed that +position for a hundred years, thanks to their efforts. How can we use +that freedom better, than in testifying in the heartiest manner our +gratitude and appreciation for the priceless boon which we owe to those +who then won it for us! + +[Illustration: J. A. MACDONELL, K.C., GLENGARRY, ADDRESSING THE +GATHERING. + +Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. George Sterling Ryerson, Dr. James L. Hughes, +Col. George T. Denison, Major W. Napier Keefer (next right of speaker), +Major Gordon J. Smith, Dr. Charles F. Durand.] + + +MR. J. A. MACDONELL, K.C. + +Glengarry, Ontario + +Permit me to express on behalf of the members of this generation of the +family to which the former Attorney-General Macdonell belonged, my warm +appreciation of the honour which was done to that gentleman's memory, by +the invitation which in terms so generous and complimentary and so +appreciative of his services, was extended to me as the representative +of his family, to be present on this most interesting occasion as the +special guest of your Committee. + +We are assembled here to-day to commemorate the Centennial Anniversary +of the death of Sir Isaac Brock, to give evidence that we Canadians hold +in grateful remembrance the inestimable services which he rendered to +our country, and to record it as our firm and solemn conviction that it +is to that illustrious man of glorious memory we owe the preservation of +this country, our connection with the Motherland and those British +institutions which it is our happiness now to enjoy. + +It was indeed a privilege for any man to have served under Sir Isaac +Brock, to have been in any way associated with him, and more especially +to have been placed in a position whereby he was enabled to second his +indomitable efforts. It was the good fortune of Attorney-General +Macdonell to have been associated with him in a threefold capacity. +First he was connected with him by the most intimate ties of private +friendship, for there existed between them the most perfect confidence +and a mutual regard, amounting, as is frequently the case with men of +generous impulse, to personal affection. Then as Attorney-General of the +Province and chief law adviser of the Crown, he was the trusted legal +adviser of General Brock in his capacity of President of the Council of +the Province, and although but a young man he was equal to the +exigencies of that critical period. + +Upon the declaration of war, the House of Assembly was hastily convened +in extra session on the 27th July, when General Brock, in the Speech +from the Throne, made use of those ever-memorable words: "We are engaged +in an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and despatch in our +councils and by vigour in our operations we will teach the enemy this +lesson: that a country defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to +the cause of their King and Constitution, can never be conquered." But +the House proved recalcitrant, and refused to comply with Brock's +request to suspend the Habeas Corpus Act. It was the Attorney-General +who solved the difficulty by giving it as his legal opinion that +Major-General Brock, as Administrator of the Province, under the +authority of his Commission from the King, had the power to dissolve the +House and proclaim martial law, and that under the circumstances it was +his duty to do so. This opinion was concurred in by his colleagues in +the Government, and, accordingly, the Government as such tendered it as +their unanimous advice to the Administrator, who immediately acted upon +it, and thereby saved the country. + +As a consequence of this drastic measure, the three leaders of the +Opposition in the Legislature--Joseph Willcocks, Benjamin Mallory and +Abraham Markle--who had been chiefly instrumental up to this time in +thwarting all Brock's efforts, immediately fled to the United States, +with which they had long been in traitorous intercourse, and where all +their sympathies lay, Willcocks being eventually killed at the battle +of Fort Erie, in 1814, in command of an American regiment, and Mallory +serving throughout the war as a major in the same corps. + +This measure enabled Brock also to deal summarily with their disloyal +partisans and followers, much more numerous and infinitely more +dangerous than is now generally supposed. He immediately issued a +proclamation ordering all persons suspected of conniving with the enemy +to be apprehended, and treated according to law. Those who had not taken +the oath of allegiance were ordered to do so or leave the Province; many +were sent out of the country; large numbers left of their own accord; +those who refused to take the oath or to take up arms to defend the +country, and remained in the Province after a given date, were declared +to be enemies and spies, and were treated accordingly; a large number of +this disloyal element were arrested and imprisoned early in the war, as +on the day of the Battle of Queenston Heights the jail and Court House +at Niagara as well as the blockhouse at Fort George were filled with +political prisoners, over three hundred aliens and traitors being in +custody, some of whom were tried and sentenced to death, while others +were sent to Quebec for imprisonment. + +This pressing and important business having been accomplished, General +Brock entered actively upon his campaign, and determined upon offensive +measures by an assault upon Detroit. Colonel Macdonell accompanied him +as his military secretary and aide-de-camp. When the American, General +Hull, in command of a greatly superior force and in possession of a +strongly fortified position, on the 16th August proposed a cessation of +hostilities with a view to his surrender, it was Colonel Macdonell whom +General Brock entrusted with the delicate and important task of +preparing the terms of capitulation. He returned within an hour with +the conditions, which were immediately confirmed by General Brock, +whereby Fort Detroit with 59,700 square miles of American territory--the +whole State of Michigan--was surrendered. 2,500 officers and men became +prisoners of war, and 2,500 stand of arms, thirty-three pieces of +cannon, the _Adams_ brig-of-war, and stores and munitions of war to the +value of £40,000, all so sorely needed by the Canadian militia, were +handed over to the British Commander. + +General Brock in his despatch to the Home Government announcing the +capture of Detroit, and which was published in a Gazette Extraordinary +in London on the 6th October, with characteristic generosity bore +testimony to the services of his friend in the following terms: "In the +attainment of this important point gentlemen of the first character and +influence showed an example highly creditable to them, and I cannot on +this occasion avoid mentioning the essential assistance I derived from +John Macdonell, Esquire, His Majesty's Attorney-General, who from the +beginning of the war has honoured me with his services as my Provincial +Aide-de-Camp." + +Brock's biographer and nephew, Mr. Ferdinand Brock Tupper, graphically +tells the end of them both, almost upon the spot upon which we now +stand. After mention of the hasty gallop from Fort George, at dawn on +the 13th October, when it was found that the Americans had during the +night passed over the Niagara River and succeeded in gaining the crest +of the heights in rear of the battery, and Brock's desperate effort to +dislodge them, he goes on to say: "The Americans now opened a heavy fire +of musketry, and, conspicuous from his dress, his height, and the +enthusiasm with which he animated his little band, the British commander +was soon singled out, and he fell about an hour after his arrival, the +fatal bullet entering his right breast and passing through his left +side. He lived only long enough to request that his fall might not be +noticed, or prevent the advance of his brave troops. The lifeless body +was immediately conveyed into a house at Queenston, where it remained +until the afternoon, unperceived of the enemy. His aide-de-camp, +Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Attorney-General of Upper Canada--a fine, +promising young man--was mortally wounded soon after his chief, and died +the next day, at the early age of twenty-seven years. Although one +bullet had passed through his body, and he was wounded in four places, +yet he survived twenty hours, and during a period of excruciating agony +his thoughts and words were constantly occupied in lamentations for his +deceased commander and friend. He fell while gallantly charging, with +the hereditary courage of his race, up the hill with 190 men, chiefly of +the York Volunteers, by which charge the enemy was compelled to spike +the eighteen-pounders in the battery there; and his memory will be +cherished as long as courage and devotion are reverenced in the +Province." + +General Sheaffe, who succeeded General Brock upon the death of the +latter, in his despatch announcing the victory which eventually crowned +our arms, thus couples their names: ". . . No officer was killed besides +Major-General Brock, one of the most gallant and zealous officers in His +Majesty's service, whose loss cannot be too much deplored, and +Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp, whose gallantry +and merit rendered him worthy of his chief." + +The Prince Regent thus acknowledged the communication through the +Governor-General, by whom it had been forwarded: "His Royal Highness, +the Prince Regent, is fully aware of the severe loss which His Majesty's +service has experienced in the death of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock. +This would have been sufficient to have clouded a victory of much +greater importance. His Majesty has lost in him not only an able and +meritorious officer, but one who, in the exercise of his functions of +Provisional Lieutenant-Governor of the Province, displayed qualities +admirably adapted to awe the disloyal, to reconcile the wavering, and to +animate the great mass of the inhabitants against successive attempts of +the enemy to invade the Province, in the last of which he unhappily +fell, too prodigal of that life of which his eminent services had taught +us to understand the value. His Royal Highness has also been pleased to +express his regret at the loss which the Province must experience in the +death of the Attorney-General, Mr. Macdonell, whose zealous co-operation +with Sir Isaac Brock will reflect lasting honour on his memory." In +communicating the above to the father of the Attorney-General, +Lieutenant-Colonel Coffin, P.A.D.C., under date York, March 20th, 1813, +stated by command of His Honour the President that "it would doubtless +afford some satisfaction to all the members of the family to which the +late Attorney-General was so great an ornament to learn that his merit +has been recognized even by the Royal Personage who wields the sceptre +of the British Empire, and on which His Honour commands me to declare +his personal gratification." + +No medal was struck for Queenston Heights, but when some time afterwards +the rewards for the capture of Detroit were distributed, gold medals +were deposited by the Sovereign with the families of Major-General Brock +and Colonel Macdonell, and the King stated in each instance that it was +done "in token of the respect which His Majesty entertains for the +memory of that officer." + +The graciously worded despatch of the Prince Regent mentioned the only +fault of Sir Isaac Brock. Like Nelson he was too prodigal of his life; +but as, alike by his services and his glorious death, Nelson became the +hero and the idol of the British people, so by his services and his +death Brock became for all time the hero of the people of this +Province, and his memory will never die. Although he had served ten +years in Canada, he had held his position as Administrator of Upper +Canada but a few days over a year; yet that short time was sufficient to +obtain for his name immortality, so long as the English language can +narrate what in that brief period he accomplished, and hold forth for +succeeding generations of British subjects in Canada and throughout the +Empire the bright example of his genius and his gallantry, and the +indomitable spirit with which he contended and overcame difficulties, +apparently insurmountable, and which were sufficient to appal a heart +even as stout and to tax to the uttermost a mind as versatile and +resourceful as his. + +Under this stately column he found a fitting tomb, and the ardent young +friend, Glengarry's representative, who fell with him, lies beside him. + + +DR. JAMES L. HUGHES + +Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto + +I had the honour of requesting the Hon. Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education, +to call the attention of the School Boards of Ontario to the importance +of celebrating the hundredth anniversary of the victory so gallantly won +on these heights, and of paying due tribute to the brave men and women +who so nobly and heroically struggled to preserve for us the blessings +of British liberty, and of unity with our motherland. To these men and +women of firm faith and strong heart we give gratitude and reverence +to-day, and especially to the statesman and hero who at the foot of +these heights died a hundred years ago while leading Canadian volunteers +to drive back invaders who without just cause had dared to come to +Canada with the avowed purpose of forcibly taking possession of our +country. + +In the judgment of the committee that arranged for the celebration of +the glorious deeds of our early history, it is most important that +Canadian children should be trained to revere the memories of the great +and true men and women of one hundred years ago, and to rejoice because +of the victories won by them for freedom and for imperial unity. + +There are men who have written to the newspapers objecting to the course +we adopted. They seem to think it improper to let our children know that +our country was ever in danger, and that it was saved by the unselfish +devotion and the brave deeds of our ancestors. However, in spite of +their protests, based on weak and unpatriotic sentiment, we intend to +teach young Canadians to remember the patriotism and valour of the +founders and defenders of Canada, and to train them to become worthy +successors to the men and women who made such sacrifices for them. + +We have no wish to fill the hearts of the pupils in our schools with +animosity towards the great nation whose fertile fields and happy homes +we see beyond the great river that separates it from our own fair land. +We wish to develop in our children a spirit that will lead them to say +to the people across our borderland not "Hands off Canada," but "Hands +together to achieve for God and for humanity the highest and broadest +and truest ideals that have been revealed to the Anglo-Saxon race." + +We do not wish to make our children quarrelsome or offensive, but we do +wish them to be patriotic Canadians, full of loyalty to their flag, +their Empire, and their King. We wish them to understand what their +predecessors did in order that they may have faith in themselves and in +their country; and we intend that they shall learn the achievements of +the past in order that they may have a true basis for their own manhood +and womanhood. True reverence for courage and self-sacrifice, fidelity +to principle, and devotion to home and country in time of need, is a +fundamental element of strong, true character. The facts of history may +have little influence in developing character, but the noble deeds of +our ancestors performed for high purposes are the surest sources for the +development of the strong and true emotions that make human character +vital instead of inert. Emotions form the battery power of character, +and among the emotions that give strength and virility and beauty to +character, reverence for the dead who wisely struggled and nobly +achieved, is surely one of the most productive of dignified and +transforming character. + +The history of the past is valuable chiefly for the opportunities it +gives to be stirred to deep, true enthusiasm for heroism, for honour, +for patriotism, for love of freedom, for devotion to duty, and for +sublime self-sacrifice for high ideals. Whatever else we may neglect in +the training of the young, I trust we shall never fail to fill their +hearts with profound reverence for the men and women of the past to whom +they owe so much. + +We should teach other lessons from the War of 1812. We should fill each +child's life with a splendid courage that can never be dismayed, by +telling how a few determined settlers scattered widely over a new +country successfully repelled invading armies coming from a country with +a population twenty-fold larger. We should teach reverence not only for +manhood but for womanhood by recounting the terrible hardships endured +willingly by Canadian women generally, as well as by proudly relating +the noble work done by individual women, of whom Laura Secord was so +conspicuous an example. + +A certain class of thoughtless people call us "flag-wavers" if we strive +to give our young people a true conception of the value of national +life, and of their duty to have a true love for their country and for +their Empire. If a flag-waver means one who is proud of a noble +ancestry, and determined to prove worthy of the race from which he +sprung; one who knows that his forefathers gave a wider meaning to +freedom, and who intends to perpetuate liberty and aid in giving it a +still broader and higher value; one who is grateful because his Empire +represents the grandest revelation of unity yet made known to humanity +and who accepts this revelation as a sacred trust, then I am a +flag-waver, and I shall make every boy and girl whom I can ever +influence a flag-waver who loves his flag and waves it because it +represents freedom, and honour, and justice, and truth, and unity, and a +glorious history, the most triumphantly progressive that has been +achieved by any nation in the development of the world. + +We do well to celebrate the great deeds of the men and women of a +hundred years ago, and teach our children to give them reverence, but it +is far more important for us to consider what the people a hundred years +hence will think of us than to glorify the triumphs of a hundred years +ago. The work of the world is not done. Evolution to higher ideals goes +ever on. Each succeeding generation has greater responsibilities and +higher duties than the one that preceded it. The greatest lesson we can +learn from the past is that we should prove true to the opportunities of +our time; that we should with unselfish motive and undaunted hearts +accept the responsibilities that come to us as partners in our +magnificent Empire, and share in the achievement of greater triumphs for +freedom and justice than have ever been recorded in the past. + +Inspired by the records of such men as Brock, at the foot of whose +monument we stand to-day and look with reminiscent glance over the +marvellous progress of a hundred glorious years, let us determine that +we shall do our part to make the coming century more fruitful than the +past. + +[Illustration: + +Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians, +Grand River Reserve. + +Captain Charles R. McCullough, +Hamilton, Ont. + +Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation +Indians, Toronto. + +SPEAKERS OF THE DAY.] + + +CHIEF A. G. SMITH + +Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve + +If a Mohawk Chief had in his make-up a particle of timidity I fear that +your cheering would have frightened or disconcerted me. + +Now, contrary to the usual preface to speeches on occasions of this +nature, let me instead say that my pleasure in addressing you this +afternoon is not altogether unalloyed, as I look back to the remote +past, when my ancestors could make or unmake nations on this continent; +their favour was then courted by the different European nations, until +finally they entered into an alliance or treaty with the military +authorities of the British nation, and which the Six Nations has ever +held inviolate. + +They, however, in my humble opinion, made a serious mistake in taking +sides in the War of American Independence, as their treaty obligations +only required them to assist the British when attacked by a foreign +power and not in a case of family quarrel, so they could have +consistently taken a neutral ground. It is not, however, so surprising +that they took the step they did when we consider the influences that +were brought to bear on them and the inducements that were held out to +them. Consider the influence of Tha-yen-da-ne-gea--Brant, their war +chief--and their own love of war. War with them was as religion. Add to +these the influence of Sir William Johnson and others. + +And there was the very strong inducement that they would be guaranteed a +perpetual independence and self-government, and also that they would be +amply indemnified for any and all losses that they might sustain by +their services. Now we know that these pledges were not adequately +fulfilled, yet, notwithstanding this fact, the Six Nations remained +faithful in their adherence to the British Crown. + +And now allow me to come down to the eventful times which more +immediately concern us this afternoon. Let me at the outset briefly but +most emphatically assert that in those troublous times no followers of +the illustrious Brock, whose fall and victory we are this afternoon +commemorating, fought more bravely than the Six Nations; their very +admiration of that great and brave general was as a spur to their +bravery. + +I think I may truthfully say that had it not been for the bravery of the +Six Nations the Union Jack would not to-day be waving over these +historic heights. + +The Six Nations have never had an historian of their own to record the +brave deeds of valour of their warriors, and therefore get but scant +justice in the historical records of this country; naturally the +historians magnify the achievements of their own peoples, while I claim +that more credit should be given my own people. + +Let me instance one or two samples of justice doled out to my people in +various lines. You know that in Ontario manhood suffrage prevails in +political elections, so that any foreigner after six months' residence +can have every privilege of a full citizen, although he may have no +higher interest in the country than as a place in which to earn his +bread and butter, and whose ancestors have never shed a drop of blood +for its retention by Britain, and who himself may never fight in its +defence, but who may go back to fight his own country's battles, perhaps +even against Britain. + +But the original owners of this country, proved to be men on many a +battlefield, who fought and won Britain's battles, ceased to be men and +became minors after the battles were won and British predominance +secured, and therefore are not allowed men's privileges. + +I contend that if Canada is to do justice (and I believe it will) to the +Six Nations, it will have to give them representation on the floor of +the House of Commons and also respect the treaty concessions made to +them, instead of gradually curtailing their tribal rights and +privileges. These blood-bought rights and privileges are just as dear to +the Six Nations as similar ones are to any other nation. + +I fear, Mr. Chairman, that I have already taken up my allotted time, so +will refrain from giving all the examples of our loyalty I would have +liked to present to this vast assemblage. Allow me, however, to say that +as this is an influential gathering, so I hope that each individual of +influence will go back to his or her sphere of usefulness and listen to +the cry for justice on behalf of the Six Nations, fully appreciating the +fact that it is "up to you" to see to it that justice is done this +people who have rendered such inestimable service to this country and to +Britain. + +My remarks may not suit everyone, but I cannot help that. I am not +courting popularity, for I am getting too old for that, and I am +descended from too long a line of brave warriors to be afraid to speak +the truth, whether it be pleasant or otherwise. + +Thanking you, Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, for the privilege and +honour of addressing this influential assemblage and for the kind +hearing and attention accorded to me. + + * * * * * + +[At the conclusion of Chief Smith's speech three rousing warwhoops were +given, led by Chiefs Johnson and Elliott, and joined in by all present.] + + +WARRIOR F. ONONDEYOH LOFT + +Six Nation Indians + +We are assembled to-day on this historic spot to commemorate the memory +of a great soldier, a patriot and renowned son of the Empire of which we +are a part. + +I am pleased to note the presence of so many chiefs and warriors of the +Six Nations who are here assembled on the basis of one common +citizenship with you, to join with our white brethren to pay respect and +homage to the late hero, General Sir Isaac Brock, who offered his life +as a sacrifice in the cause he so gallantly defended. He was the brave +leader who led the white man and Indian in the defence of our country, +our flag, and all that pertained to the maintenance of British +institutions. + +Our act to-day is a noble one. It is of a kind that touches deep down +into the heart that throbs with affection's glow. It is one worthy of +emulation by our posterity. We as a people should never lose sight of +the great importance that must attach to this occasion, and of the duty +we owe to our children to do all we can to impress their minds with the +precepts of loyalty to the king and crown, that should be ever steadfast +and immovable. + +As a member of the Six Nations it is not altogether my wish that I +should be looked upon on this occasion as a mere representative of my +nation, but rather as a representative of the noble native Indian race +which has so conspicuously identified itself with British arms at +critical periods in the history of our fair Dominion. + +One hundred years ago our country and people were befogged by conditions +that were grey and ominous. It was very uncertain as to the part, if +any, the Indians would take in the impending conflict. + +From this spot, almost, General Brock set out for Amherstburg to arrange +plans of campaign, and there met and shook hands with Tecumseh, this +patriot Indian giving the assurance to his chief in command of the +forces that he and his united Indian tribes composed of the Shawanoes, +Wyandottes, Chippewas, Ottawas, Foxes and others, were ready to go into +the field of action in defence of the British cause. + +Like General Brock, this noble red man, as a leader of his kinsmen, also +sacrificed his life in the cause of his king and country. And sad is it +to say that not even a heave of the turf marks his last resting-place. + +It is not for me to laud or unduly magnify the important part the +Indians have played in wars that have marked our country's +history-making: but should such an emergency again present itself, I +feel confident that the Indians will never be found wanting. + + +MR. CHARLES R. McCULLOUGH + +Honorary President of the Association of Canadian Clubs + +I tender my thanks to the Committee for honouring the hundred clubs of +the Dominion by inviting their honorary president to take part in the +proceedings of this great day. + +The real celebration of the centenary of the battle and the fitting +remembrance of the hero who gave up his life for Canada one hundred +years ago, has already taken place in the six thousand schools by six +hundred thousand scholars of this premier Province of Ontario. By this +vast army of patriots in the making there has been celebrated within the +past few days in song and story the splendid heroism of the immortal +Brock, and the work done by him for our common country a century ago. + +In that great work he was nobly seconded by the brilliant young +Glengarrian Macdonell, who, like his illustrious leader, fell on the +slope of this sacred hill. + +In this dread contest there fought side by side regular soldier and +militiaman; the noble red man and the freed black man contended against +a common enemy to that freedom and that constitution that every Briton +loves so well. + +It was indeed a proud thing for Canadians to remember that whilst there +was a great Imperial officer to lead the little band, close beside him +in the great struggle there ever stood a valorous Canadian aide-de-camp. +Yes, for every regular that contended for the maintenance of British law +and authority in this Canada of ours there were fighting by his side the +farmer and the tradesman of those heroic days. + +Was not this prophetic of that future co-operation between mother and +daughter states? Was it not full of the deepest meaning for us of the +twentieth century? Could we not say "Thy people are my people and my +people thy people"? As in the days of yore, so in these days of Canada's +abounding prosperity and increasing national greatness, there would be +found men and means for any national or Imperial emergency that the +future might have in store for us. + +Our magnificently proportioned Canada must have a magnificently +proportioned soul if she would fulfil her high destiny of eventual +leadership in the band of sister nations within an Empire indissolubly +bound by ties of love and sacrifice. In enlarging the soul of our people +such celebrations as these have their sure and certain part, and the +thrill of Brock's great name will stir this people's soul so long as +Canada shall endure. + + * * * * * + +A brief and eloquent speech was also made by Mr. W. M. German, M.P., +Welland, Ont. + +[Illustration: MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS + +Alexander Fraser, LL.D., Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. Geo. S. Ryerson, Miss +Helen M. Merrill, John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Allen W. Johnston.] + + + + +APPENDIX I. + +HIGHLAND HEROES IN THE WAR OF 1812-14[1] + +By Dr. Alexander Fraser, Toronto + + +While with a fine sense of fitness the part taken by the men of +Glengarry, Ontario, in the 1812-14 war is rarely referred to by the +descendants of those who fought so well and fell for their country, it +is but meet on a centennial occasion as is now being celebrated that the +distinguished services of the clansmen should not be forgotten. Much, +indeed, could be said of the Macdonells, Macdonalds, Macleans, +MacMillans, Chisholms, Camerons and Grants, as well as of other kindred +families, who displayed all the ardour of the Highland mountaineer in +defence of home and country, and who occupied second place then nor +subsequently when the war-note sounded. These brief lines, however, must +deal only with Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, who fell mortally +wounded at Queenston Heights, and whose name cannot be disassociated in +history from that of Brock, the chief hero of the war. + +[Footnote 1: Reprinted from the Toronto _Globe_ and _Mail and Empire_ of +the 12th of October, 1912.] + +The many intermarriages in the course of generations between members of +different houses of the Glengarry branch of Clan Donald have created +genealogical intricacies not always threaded by the general reader. The +identity of Colonel John Macdonell, the Queenston hero, however, need +never have been in doubt. He was descended from Angus Macdonell of +Greenfield, a grandson of Ranald, the ninth chief of Glengarry--in +Gaelic, styled "Mac-ic-Alasdair." The Macdonells of Greenfield are +nearer the main line of the Glengarry family than the cadet branches of +Aberchalder, Cullachie and Leek--many of whom settled in Canada, who +left the parent stock at an earlier period. They might reasonably be +regarded as representative of all the Glengarry Macdonells of Canada. + +Angus Macdonell of Greenfield had one son, Alexander, who came to Canada +in 1792. He was married in Scotland to a daughter of Alexander Macdonell +of Aberchalder (Captain 1st Battalion, King's Royal Regiment of New +York), and among the issue of that marriage were Duncan, who succeeded +his father, John, who fell with Brock, and Donald, who figured at +Ogdensburg, 1813. + +John Macdonell (Queenston) was born in 1785, in Scotland, and with his +family came to Canada when seven years of age. In due course he became +member of the Legislature for Glengarry and Attorney-General for Upper +Canada. He was a Colonel of Militia, and on the outbreak of the war of +1812 acted as Military Secretary and Provincial A.D.C. to General Sir +Isaac Brock. His legal talents were regarded as of high order, and of +his military abilities Brock entertained a very good opinion indeed. As +President of the Council and Administrator of Upper Canada, General +Brock occupied the highest civil position in the Province, and the chief +military position as General of the forces under his command. + +Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, as Attorney-General, filled the next +highest civil position to Brock in Upper Canada, and, as Military +Secretary and P.A.D.C., was next highest in importance, if not in rank, +to his chief in the field. Testimony was warmly borne by some of the +most capable to judge, of his dominance in the military operations, and +the subsequent negotiations, at Detroit, and the papers in connection +therewith, which he is said to have drafted, bear the mark of his +patriotic and generous mind. The Prince Regent, in expressing his regret +at the loss which the country must experience by the death of the +Attorney-General, declared that "his zealous co-operation with Sir Isaac +Brock would reflect lasting honour on his memory." Like Brock, he died +unmarried; like him, too, he was engaged to be married at the time of +his death. His fiancée was Miss Powell, daughter of the Chief Justice. + +The story is told that at the commencement of the war, before making his +will, Colonel Macdonell told Miss Powell that, though he had only a +little estate to dispose of, about £300 in money, his books, papers and +personal effects, together with ten acres of land on Church Street, +Toronto, he wished her to have first choice of either the money and +effects, or the land, for herself; the other part to go to a relative. +She chose the money and the personalty, and the ten acres of land on +Church Street went to his relative and godson, James Macdonell, son of +his host, the Hon. Alexander Macdonell, Toronto, in whose family the +title still remains. + +Colonel Macdonell's father, Colonel Alexander Macdonell, commanded the +2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia, in the war, and two of his brothers +also had commissions, Duncan Macdonell, as a Captain, commanding a +company at Ogdensburg (under Colonel George Macdonell), and Donald +Greenfield Macdonell, who also commanded a company at Ogdensburg. +Duncan, the elder brother, succeeded his father as Lieutenant-Colonel, +commanding the 2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia, until 1857, when he +received the thanks of the Governor-General "for his long and valuable +services dating from the last war." His son, Lieutenant-Colonel +Archibald J. Macdonell, was also commanding officer of his grandfather's +and father's regiment from 1857 to 1804. He was a barrister, and a +Bencher, and Recorder at Kingston, and for many years a partner with Sir +John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada. His only son is the +well-known Lieut.-Col. John A. Macdonell, Alexandria, Ontario, now the +head of the Greenfield family, whose patriotic sentiments and +antiquarian tastes have often found eloquent and useful expression. He +is a grandnephew of Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) and fifth of +Greenfield. + +Donald Greenfield Macdonell, who commanded a company at Ogdensburg +(brother of Colonel Macdonell, Queenston), became D.A.Q.M.G in the war, +was a Colonel of Militia and Deputy Adjutant-General from 1846 to 1861. +He had the honour of laying the corner-stone of the monument to Sir +Isaac Brock at Queenston in 1853. Among his grandsons are Donald +Greenfield Macdonell, barrister, Vancouver, heir male, after Lieut.-Col. +John A. Macdonell, Alexandria, Ontario, and A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., +the well-known barrister of Toronto. + +The connection of Mr. A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., of Toronto, with the +War of 1812 is perhaps unique. Not only had his paternal +great-grandfather and three sons, the Macdonells of Greenfield, +commissions in the War of 1812, as above stated, but his maternal +great-grandfather and three sons also held commissions in that war, +viz., the Honourable Neil McLean and his three sons: 1st, the Honourable +Archibald McLean, afterwards Chief Justice of Upper Canada. It is said +that when Colonel Macdonell fell, McLean was near him, and he called out +to him: "Help me, Archie." 2nd, John McLean, afterwards Sheriff of +Kingston; and 3rd, Colonel Alexander McLean, who shows an excellent +military record, and whose daughter married John Macdonell of +Greenfield, Mr. McLean Macdonell's father. Thus, Mr. McLean Macdonell +had two great-grandfathers, two grandfathers, and four granduncles, all +holding important commissions in the only war which has vitally +threatened Canada. + +The connection between A. Claude Macdonell, M.P., Toronto, and +Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell (Queenston) is by intermarriage in the +families of Aberchalder and Cullachie. The Aberchalders gave a father, +Captain Alexander, and three sons, John, Hugh, and Chichester, to the +American revolutionary war. John was a Captain in Butler's Rangers and +was the first Speaker of the first House of Assembly of Upper Canada, in +1792. Hugh was an officer in the King's Royal Regiment and in the Royal +Canadian Volunteer Regiment. He was one of the members for Glengarry in +the first Legislature of Upper Canada. He afterwards served at +Gibraltar, and as British Consul-General at Algiers. Chichester served +in Butler's Rangers, and became a colonel in the British army, winning +distinction at Corunna. + +Allan Macdonell of Cullachie (closely related to Aberchalder) was a +captain in the 84th Royal Highland Emigrant Regiment, and his son, +Alexander, an officer in Butler's Rangers, was prominent in the +military-political life of Upper Canada, and at the time of the 1812 war +was a colonel of Militia and Deputy Postmaster-General. His son, Angus +Duncan Macdonell, who died in 1894, was the father of Mr. Angus Claude +Macdonell, M.P. for South Toronto. + +When Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) came to Toronto as a young man in +connection with his profession, he resided with his relative, the +Honourable Alexander Macdonell, Mr. Claude Macdonell's grandfather, and +it was from his home he went to the front. Needless to say, Colonel +Macdonell's memory is sacredly cherished among these and many others of +his kith and kin in Canada, as it is indeed by all lovers of the heroic +in Canadian history. + + + + +APPENDIX II. + +TORONTO GARRISON CHURCH PARADE + +In commemoration of the Centenary of the Death of Major-General Sir +Isaac Brock at the Battle of Queenston Heights + +Massey Hall, Sunday, October 13th, 1912, 3 p.m. + +Major-General W. H. Cotton, Commanding + + +The musical portion of the service was rendered by the massed bands of +the garrison under the direction of Bandmaster G. I. Timpson, Queen's +Own Rifles. + + +ORDER OF DIVINE SERVICE + +OPENING VOLUNTARY + +GRAND PROCESSIONAL MARCH + +"The Silver Trumpets" _Viviani_ +Band of the Queen's Own Rifles + + +Hymn, "SOLDIERS OF CHRIST, ARISE" +_Put on the whole armour of God_ + + Soldiers of Christ, arise, + And put your armour on; + Strong in the strength which God supplies, + Through His Eternal Son; + + Strong in the Lord of Hosts, + And in His mighty power; + Who in the strength of Jesus trusts + Is more than conqueror. + + Stand then in His great might, + With all His strength endued; + And take to arm you for the fight, + The panoply of God. + + From strength to strength go on, + Wrestle, and fight, and pray; + Tread all the powers of darkness down, + And win the well-fought day. + + That having all things done, + And all your conflicts past, + Ye may obtain, through Christ alone, + A crown of joy at last. Amen. + + +GENERAL CONFESSION + +(To be said by all, standing) + +Almighty and most merciful Father; We have erred and strayed from Thy +ways like lost sheep. We have followed too much the devices and desires +of our own hearts. We have offended against Thy Holy Laws. We have left +undone the things which we ought to have done; And we have done those +things which we ought not to have done; And there is no health in us. +But Thou, O Lord, have mercy upon us, miserable offenders. Spare Thou +them, O God, which confess their faults. Restore Thou them that are +penitent; according to Thy promises declared unto mankind in Christ +Jesus our Lord. And grant, O most merciful Father, for His sake, that we +may hereafter live a godly, righteous and sober life, To the glory of +Thy Holy Name. Amen. + + +PRAYER FOR PARDON + +O Almighty God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who desireth not +the death of a sinner, but rather that he may turn from his wickedness, +and live, pardon and accept, we beseech Thee, all those who truly +repent and unfeignedly believe Thy Holy Gospel. Grant us true repentance +and Thy Holy Spirit; that those things may please Thee which we do at +this present; and that the rest of our life hereafter may be pure and +holy; so that at the last we may come to Thy eternal joy; through Jesus +Christ our Lord. Amen. + + +THE LORD'S PRAYER + + +PRAYER FOR THE KING'S MAJESTY + +(All standing) + +O Lord, our Heavenly Father, high and mighty, King of kings, Lord of +lords, the only Ruler of princes, who dost from Thy throne behold all +the dwellers upon earth; most heartily we beseech Thee with Thy favor to +behold our most gracious Sovereign Lord, King George; and so replenish +him with the grace of Thy Holy Spirit, that he may alway incline to Thy +will, and walk in Thy way; Endue him plenteously with heavenly gifts; +grant him in health and wealth long to live; strengthen him that he may +vanquish and overcome all his enemies; and finally, after this life, he +may attain everlasting joy and felicity; through Jesus Christ our Lord. + Amen. + + +PRAYER FOR THE ROYAL FAMILY + +Almighty God, the fountain of all goodness, we humbly beseech Thee to +bless our gracious Queen Mary, Alexandra the Queen Mother, Edward Prince +of Wales and all the Royal Family; Endue them with Thy Holy Spirit; +enrich them with Thy heavenly grace; prosper them with all happiness; +and bring them to Thine everlasting kingdom; through Jesus Christ our +Lord. Amen. + + +PRAYER FOR SOLDIERS + +Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that we who are called to the +service of our Empire, may ever remember the honour which we uphold and +the privilege which is entrusted to us, to defend our Sovereign, our +homes and our country. Enable us at all times to do what is right, and +so to conduct ourselves, that we may bring no disgrace upon the uniform +which we wear, nor upon the flag under which we serve. Make us faithful, +brave and true to our duty, and especially to Thee, our God, as soldiers +of Christ and soldiers of the King. Keep us, defend us and save us at +all times; fill our hearts with courage and love, and may we never be +ashamed to confess Thee before men, as good soldiers and servants of +Thine. And this we ask for the sake of Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen. + + +SCRIPTURE LESSON + + +OFFERTORY + + +VOLUNTARY + +"In the Chapel" _R. Eilenberg_ +Band of the Queen's Own Rifles + + +SERMON + +By Captain the Rev. Dr. Llwyd, Chaplain to the Queen's Own Rifles. + + +HYMN, "STAND UP FOR JESUS" + +_Quit you like men, be strong_ + + Stand up, stand up for Jesus, + Ye soldiers of the Cross; + Lift high His Royal Banner, + It must not suffer loss; + From victory unto victory + His army He shall lead; + Till every foe is vanquished, + And Christ is Lord indeed. + + Stand up, stand up for Jesus, + The trumpet call obey; + Forth to the mighty conflict + In this His glorious day; + Ye that are men now serve Him + Against unnumbered foes; + Let courage rise with danger, + And strength to strength oppose. + + Stand up, stand up for Jesus; + Stand in His Strength alone; + The arm of flesh will fail you, + Ye dare not trust your own; + Put on the gospel armour, + And watching unto prayer, + Where duty calls, or danger, + Be never wanting there. + + Stand up, stand up for Jesus; + The strife will not be long; + This day the noise of battle, + The next the victors' song; + To him that overcometh + A crown of life shall be; + He with the King of glory + Shall reign eternally. Amen. + + +NATIONAL ANTHEM + + God save our Gracious King, + Long live our noble King, + God save the King. + Send him victorious, + Happy and glorious, + Long to reign over us; + God save the King. + + Thy choicest gifts in store, + On him be pleased to pour; + Long may he reign. + May he defend our laws, + And ever give us cause + To sing with heart and voice, + God save the King. + + +BENEDICTION + + +RECESSIONAL + +The "Priests' March" from "Athalie" _Mendelssohn_ +Band of the Queen's Own Rifles + + + + +APPENDIX III. + +INDIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE RECONSTRUCTION OF BROCK'S MONUMENT + +(Communicated by the Editor.) + + +The indignation aroused by the destruction of the first monument erected +to General Brock was fully shared by the Indians of Ontario. Meetings of +the Bands were held at which expression was given to the feelings which +stirred their hearts. They asked the Government to allow them to join +with the White Men in contributing to the Fund for the reconstruction of +the monument, and this having been most cordially granted, a sum +amounting to £207 10s. was raised among the Indians in sums varying from +£7 10s. to £15 and paid over to the general fund on behalf of the +following Bands:-- + + The Chippewas of the Upper Reserve, on the River St. Clair. + + The Chippewas of the Lower Reserve and Walpole Island, on the River + St. Clair. + + The Hurons and Wyandotts of Amherstburg. + + The Chippewas of the River Thames. + + The Munsees of the River Thames. + + The Oneidas of the River Thames. + + The Six Nation Indians of the Grand River. + + The Missisagua of the River Credit. + + The Chippewas of the Saugeen River, Lake Huron. + + The Chippewas of the Township of Rama, Lake Couchiching. + + The Chippewas of Snake Island, Lake Simcoe. + + The Missisagua of Alnwick, Rice Lake. + + The Missisagua of Rice Lake Village, Otonabee; and of Mud and + Balsam Lakes. + + The Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte. + +The following petition from the Missisagua of Rice Lake, shows the +spirit in which the Indians acted: + + "_To_ SAMUEL P. JARVIS, _Esquire, Chief Superintendent of Indian + Affairs_. + + "Father: + "We have heard of the wicked attempt to destroy the Monument of our + old Chief, Sir Isaac Brock; and are also informed of the intention + of the White Man to rebuild it. + + "Father: + "We respect the memory of the brave, and are sorry to find that + there are any who do not. + + "Some of us fought on the same field on which the gallant general + fell. We then felt the same sorrow in our hearts that our loyal + brothers in arms, the White Men, felt, and we still unite with them + in the deepest regret at our common loss. These feelings urge us + readily to contribute our share to the expense of re-building that + Monument which was designed to perpetuate the fame of such noble + deeds. + + "Father: + "We, who are thus ready to assist in the present exigency, will + never be backward in testifying our loyal principles by still more + substantial proofs, whenever our Great Mother, the Queen, shall lay + her commands upon us. We will never refuse to hear her words. Our + Great Fathers, her Royal predecessors, have been very kind to her + people. We are not unthankful. We do not wish to be idle; but + whenever we may be called upon to defend the honour and rights of + the British Crown, we will most heartily strain every nerve, and do + all the service in our power. + + "Father: + "We authorize you to subscribe from our monies the sum of Fifteen + Pounds, in aid of the praiseworthy work about to be performed; and + may the blessing of the Great Spirit make it prosper. + + "Dated at Rice Lake Mission, Otonabee, January 7, 1841. + + "GEORGE PAUDASH, Principal Chief. + "JOHN CROW, Chief. + "JOHN COPOWAY, Chief. + "JOHN TAUNCHEY, Chief. + +"Read over to the Chiefs and signed by them +in presence of-- + + HENRY BALDWIN, Jun." + + +The generous action of the Indians was much appreciated by the British +Government and the following acknowledgment was made by Lord John +Russell, on its behalf:-- + + "Downing Street, + "6th May, 1841. + "No. 372. + "My Lord: + + "I received by the last mail from Canada a pamphlet, containing the + correspondence, addresses, etc., connected with the subscription of + various Indian Tribes in Upper Canada, in aid of the funds for the + reconstruction of Sir Isaac Brock's Monument on Queenston Heights. + + "The feelings evinced by the Indians on this occasion are much to + their credit. I have to request that your Lordship will convey to + them the thanks of the British Government and nation for their + zealous co-operation, and renew to them the assurances of the + Queen's regard for their welfare. + + "I have, etc., + "(Signed) J. RUSSELL. + + "The Right Honourable Lord Sydenham." + + +[Illustration: GROUP OF INDIANS (GRAND RIVER RESERVE) CELEBRATING +BROCK'S CENTENARY AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS. CHIEF ALEXANDER HILL, IN +COSTUME.] + + + + +APPENDIX IV. + +MEETINGS OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE + + +A meeting of the Executive Committee of the Brock Centenary was held on +the 16th October, 1912, there being present: Col. Ryerson, Dr. James L. +Hughes, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. C. E. Macdonald, Mr. F. D. L. Smith, +and Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary. + +It was resolved:-- + + That the thanks of the Committee be conveyed to the Right + Honourable R. L. Borden, Prime Minister of Canada, and his + Government for the military arrangements that had been made in + connection with the celebration of the Centenary; and to the + Honourable Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education of Ontario, for so + cheerfully complying with all the suggestions made by the Committee + with respect to the holding of patriotic exercises in the public + schools. + + That the publication of the Account of the Centenary celebration be + proceeded with; and that Dr. Alexander Fraser (Chairman), Col. + Ryerson, Mr. F. D. L. Smith, and Miss Helen M. Merrill be the + Publication Committee in this matter. + + That all the correspondence and papers in connection with the + Centenary be deposited in the Ontario Archives, Toronto. + + That the proposal to place a bronze tablet, commemorative of the + Centenary, on Brock's monument at Queenston Heights be brought + before the co-operating societies, and that action be taken in + accordance with their opinion. + + That the striking of a Centennial medal be left in abeyance in the + meantime. + + * * * * * + +At a meeting of the Executive Committee held on the 25th of October, +1912, Col. Ryerson presiding, the subject of publication of the +Centenary volume was minutely discussed. It was agreed that Dr. +Alexander Fraser should edit the MS. for the press and that the work be +proceeded with. + +[Illustration: CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY.] + + + + +APPENDIX V. + +CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY + +Contributed by J. L. Birney, Toronto, Son of Captain Joseph Birney, from +whose Narrative these Statements have been Compiled. + + +Captain Birney was born in Orange County, in the State of New York, on +the 1st of February, 1777. + +In 1779 his father, William Birney, was killed at the battle of +Lackawack, New York, in suppressing an Indian uprising, and upon their +bereavement his mother, with his sister, a child in arms, and himself a +child two years old, made her way through the forest, sixty miles, to +New York City. In the year 1783 or 1784 he was baptized in Trinity +Church, New York City. When the British evacuated New York, Captain +Birney, with his family and friends, went with the British to where now +is situated St. John, New Brunswick, and resided there until 1801, when +he came to Upper Canada, and settled where Hamilton is to-day. While in +New Brunswick he taught the Duke of Kent to skate, both of them often +practising together on St. John's River. + +In Upper Canada Captain Birney entered into the military life of the +time. He was over six feet in height, powerfully built, and was well +fitted for the stirring life then before him. + +In 1812 he was Ensign in Captain Hatt's company, which accompanied Sir +Isaac Brock to Detroit, and his commission as Ensign, signed by Sir +Isaac Brock, is now in possession of his son, John L. Birney, of +Toronto. Captain Birney was present when General Brock first met +Tecumseh, and he often related how the General was impressed with the +wonderful personality of the great chief. + +As Lieutenant he served in Captain Durand's company of 5th Lincoln +Militia at the Battle of Queenston Heights. He was attached to Brock's +staff as a special aide, to supervise the laying of the batteries. +Shortly before the Canadians were driven from the heights, General Brock +found that in firing at the Americans who were coming across the river +the bullets were flying short, and he gave the order to Colonel Williams +to cease firing, but Colonel Williams, mistaking the order to mean +"retire," began to retire by Niagara. Sir Isaac remarked, "That's +effective," but Captain Birney, noticing Colonel Williams' movement, +remarked, "But, General, you did not mean to retire!" "By no means," +answered Sir Isaac. "Oh, for one to bring them back!" "May I go?" +offered Birney. "By all means go, Birney," ordered the General, +whereupon Captain Birney ran down the steep slope of the heights as fast +as he could. On the way down he noticed the mullein stalks being cut +off, and stepping on a slippery spot he fell violently on the broad of +his back. + +At this he heard a great cheer, and looking up saw the cause of it all. +The Americans were in possession of a portion of the heights, and their +sharpshooters, thinking they had succeeded in intercepting him in his +errand, had set up a cheer, but Birney was soon afoot, and came up with +Colonel Williams, who upon seeing Birney, called his men to halt, and +enquired, "What's the matter, Birney? Orders from the General?" Birney, +being entirely out of breath, from his efforts and fall, could not +answer, and Colonel Williams further enquired, "Did the General not +order us to retire?" Birney shook his head. "What, then?" asked Colonel +Williams. "To cease firing," Birney managed to whisper. At this the +Colonel uttered an oath and smote himself a terrific blow on the +forehead with his fist. They had not returned far when they heard a +voice say "Halt!" and looking up they saw the General and his men, they +having been driven from the summit. There was a short conference, when +the General decided to go around by St. David's and there attack the +enemy. But they had not gone far when Birney, who was immediately behind +the General, heard a groan, and looking up saw the General falling from +his horse, and, rushing forward, he assisted him to the ground. With a +few parting orders the General was dead. + +After this Birney had to take command of his own company, and with the +rest they fell in order and marched around the mountain by St. David's +and there surprised the Americans eating their (the Canadians') +breakfast, as the Americans had surprised them earlier in the morning. +And then commenced the real fighting of the day. The Americans after a +hand-to-hand fight were charged and driven out, many of them being +forced over heights into Niagara River. Captain Birney used to remark +that with his sword in one hand and a broken gunbarrel in the other he +led his men in this charge, and it was a sorry day for any American who +came within his reach. Among the many prisoners Captain Birney assisted +in capturing that day was his cousin, Captain Winfield Scott, afterwards +General Scott, who, after being taken to York, was exchanged for +prisoners. + +Captain Birney led his company, the 5th Lincoln, in the battle of +Lundy's Lane in 1814, coming out of it, as he did in all his +engagements, without a scratch. + +He used to take pleasure in relating how, after the Americans had been +badly beaten and had made a hasty retreat, leaving their men to be +buried, there was left behind a lone gunner who stuck to his cannon. +Birney and a number of his men marched down upon this man for the +purpose of capturing the gun, and as they approached him, three times +did this gunner swing his torch with the purpose of firing his gun, but +each time he drew back from the fuse and finally threw his torch upon +the ground. Birney said it was well he did, as he and many of his men +would not have lived to tell the tale, as they were walking directly in +the face of the cannon. He also took pride in telling how one Canadian +cannon was taken and retaken many times that night, while lying in heaps +around it were Canadians and Americans who had fought and died bravely. + +When the Rebellion of 1837 broke out Captain Birney was the oldest +officer surviving the troubles of 1812-14. Being at that time over age +he did not wish to take any part in the fighting, feeling he had served +his country well and sufficiently up to that time, and he felt in +addition that through favoritism many who had served under him had been +promoted over his head. However, through the personal efforts of Sir +Allan McNab and Colonel Land he was persuaded to take command of a +company of the 3rd Gore Militia, which post he held until about 1841, +being actively engaged in military affairs during all that period. + +Some of his work at this time was the building of the bridge for the +troops to cross the water-gap at Burlington Heights, and he also was +engaged in constructing the defence works on Burlington Heights during +the battle of Stoney Creek for use in case of retreat. He was afterwards +with his company in charge of the 112 prisoners who were held and tried +at Hamilton. + +When Captain Birney died, in 1873, being in his 96th year, he was the +oldest living Mason in Canada, having joined the Craft in 1803. + + + + +Transcriber's Note:- + +Illustration "Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights" added to + list of Illustrations for Page 38. + +Original spelling retained and some minor punctuation corrections made. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BROCK CENTENARY 1812-1912 *** + +***** This file should be named 38620-8.txt or 38620-8.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/8/6/2/38620/ + +Produced by James Wright and the Online Distributed +Proofreading Canada Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net (This +book was created from images of public domain material +made available by the University of Toronto Libraries +(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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