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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Brock Centenary 1812-1912
+
+Author: Various
+
+Contributor: John Stewart Carstairs
+
+Editor: Alexander Fraser
+
+Release Date: January 20, 2012 [EBook #38620]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BROCK CENTENARY 1812-1912 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by James Wright and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Canada Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net (This
+book was created from images of public domain material
+made available by the University of Toronto Libraries
+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: MAJOR-GENERAL BROCK.
+
+(_From miniature painting by J. Hudson._)
+
+Copyrighted in the U. S. A. and Canada.
+
+--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).]
+
+
+
+
+                           BROCK CENTENARY
+
+                              1812-1912
+
+                   ACCOUNT OF THE CELEBRATION AT
+                    QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, ONTARIO,
+                     ON THE 12th OCTOBER, 1912
+
+
+
+
+                        ALEXANDER FRASER, LL.D.
+                               Editor
+
+
+
+
+                              TORONTO
+             PRINTED AND PUBLISHED FOR THE COMMITTEE BY
+                          WILLIAM BRIGGS
+                                1913
+
+
+
+
+                             DEDICATED
+
+                                TO
+
+                 THE DESCENDANTS OF THE DEFENDERS
+
+
+
+
+                   Copyright, Canada, 1913, by
+                         ALEXANDER FRASER
+
+
+
+
+PREFATORY NOTE
+
+
+The object of this publication is to preserve an account of the
+Celebration, at Queenston Heights, of the Brock Centenary, in a more
+convenient and permanent form than that afforded by the reports
+(admirable as they are) in the local newspapers.
+
+Celebrations were held in several places in Ontario, notably at St.
+Thomas, where Dr. J. H. Coyne delivered a fervently patriotic address.
+Had reports of these been available, extended reference would have been
+gladly and properly accorded to them in this book. Considerable effort,
+involving delay in publication, was made to secure the name of every
+person who attended at Queenston Heights in a representative capacity,
+and the list is probably complete.
+
+For valuable assistance acknowledgment is due to Colonel Ryerson,
+Chairman of the General and Executive Committees; to Miss Helen M.
+Merrill, Honorary Secretary, and to Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C.,
+M.P., Toronto. Also to Mr. Walter R. Nursey, for the use of the pictures
+of General Brock, Col. Macdonell, and Brock's Monument, from his
+interesting work: "The Story of Brock," in the Canadian Heroes Series;
+and to the Ontario Archives, Toronto, for the use of the picture of the
+first monument erected to Brock on Queenston Heights.
+
+                                                 ALEXANDER FRASER.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: From a Silhouette in possession of John Alexander
+Macdonnell, K.C., Alexandria.
+
+LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL.
+
+Provincial Aide-de-Camp to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock; M.P. for
+Glengarry; Attorney-General of Upper Canada.
+
+--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).]
+
+
+
+
+                                CONTENTS
+
+
+                                                                  PAGE
+
+Prefatory Note                                                       3
+
+Introduction--J. Stewart Carstairs, B.A.                             9
+
+Preliminary Steps                                                   21
+
+General Committee Formed                                            25
+
+Programme Adopted                                                   26
+
+Reports of Committees                                               29
+
+Celebrating the Day                                                 32
+
+At Queenston Heights--
+    Representatives Present                                         34
+    Floral Decorations                                              40
+    A Unique Scene                                                  42
+    Historic Flags and Relics                                       43
+    Letters of Regret for Absence                                   44
+
+The Speeches--
+    Colonel G. Sterling Ryerson                                     45
+    Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, M.P.                                50
+    Hon. Dr. R. A. Pyne, M.P.P.                                     55
+    Colonel George T. Denison                                       58
+    Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C.                                       61
+    Dr. James L. Hughes                                             67
+    Chief A. G. Smith                                               71
+    Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft                                       74
+    Mr. Charles R. McCullough                                       75
+
+Appendix I.--Highland Heroes in the War of 1812-14
+               --Dr. Alexander Fraser                               77
+
+Appendix II.--Programme of Toronto Garrison Service
+               in Massey Hall                                       82
+
+Appendix III.--Indian Contributions to the Reconstruction
+               of Brock's Monument                                  88
+
+Appendix IV.--Meetings of the Executive Committee
+               subsequent to the Celebration                        91
+
+Appendix V.--Captain Joseph Birney                                  93
+
+
+
+
+                          ILLUSTRATIONS
+
+
+                                                                  PAGE
+
+Major-General Brock                                  _Frontispiece_
+
+Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp
+    to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock                                 5
+
+Executive Committee                                                 28
+
+First Monument to General Brock at Queenston Heights                33
+
+Brock's Monument                                                    34
+
+Central section of a panoramic picture of the gathering at
+    Queenston Heights                                               36
+
+Floral Tribute placed on Cenotaph, where Brock fell, by the
+    Guernsey Society, Toronto                                       38
+
+Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights                    38
+
+Memorial Wreaths placed on the Tombs, at Queenston Heights,
+    of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock, Kt., and Colonel John
+    Macdonell, P.A.D.C., Attorney-General of Upper Canada           41
+
+Wreath placed on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral,
+    London, Eng., by the Government of Canada                       42
+
+Wreath placed on Brock's Monument, Queenston Heights, by
+    the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire               42
+
+Conferring Tribal Membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill               43
+
+Six Nation Indians celebrating Brock's Centenary at Queenston
+    Heights                                                         44
+
+Colonel George Sterling Ryerson, Chairman of Committee              45
+
+Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., addressing the gathering        51
+
+Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of Education of Ontario     58
+
+James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto         58
+
+Colonel George T. Denison, Toronto                                  58
+
+J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, addressing the gathering          61
+
+Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve          71
+
+Captain Charles R. McCullough, Hamilton, Ont.                       71
+
+Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation Indians, Toronto              71
+
+Members of Committee at Queenston Heights                           77
+
+Group of Indians (Grand River Reserve) celebrating Brock's
+    Centenary at Queenston Heights                                  88
+
+Captain Joseph Birnie                                               93
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+BROCK AND QUEENSTON
+
+By John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Toronto
+
+
+
+Brock's fame and Brock's name will never die in our history. The past
+one hundred years have settled that. And in this glory the craggy
+heights of Queenston, where in their splendid mausoleum Brock and
+Macdonell sleep side by side their last sleep, will always have its
+share. Strangely enough, who ever associates Brock's name with Detroit?
+Yet, here was a marvellous achievement: the left wing of the enemy's
+army annihilated, its eloquent and grandiose leader captured and two
+thousand five hundred men and abundant military stores, with the State
+of Michigan thrown in!
+
+But Britain in those days was so busy doing things that we a hundred
+years later can scarcely realize them. However, so much of our historic
+perspective has been settled during the past hundred years. Perhaps in
+another hundred years, when other generations come together to
+commemorate the efforts of these men that with Brock and Macdonell
+strove to seek and find and do and not to yield, the skirmish at
+Queenston may be viewed in a different light.
+
+Perhaps then the British Constitution will have bridged the oceans and
+the "Seven Seas"; perhaps then Canada will be more British than Britain
+itself--the very core, the centre, the heart of the Empire in territory
+and population, in wealth and in influence, in spirit and in vital
+activities. Then Queenston Heights may be regarded not merely as a
+victory that encouraged Canadians to fight for their homes but as a
+far-reaching world-event.
+
+The year of Queenston, let us remember, was the year of Salamanca and of
+Moscow--the most glorious year in British military annals. But what has
+Salamanca to do with Canada? Britain was fighting alone, not merely for
+the freedom of Britons but for the freedom of Europe. Since 1688 she had
+been for more than one-half of the one hundred and twenty-four years
+actively in arms against France. Since 1793 there had been peace--and
+only nominal peace--_against_ France for only the two years following
+the Treaty of Amiens (1801). The generation approaching maturity in 1812
+had been born and had grown up "in wars and rumours of wars." In this
+struggle against France and later against Napoleon, the Motherland had
+increased the National Debt by £500,000,000, or nearly twenty-five
+hundred millions of dollars; she had spent every cent she could gather
+and taxed her posterity to this extent. That is what Britain had done
+for her children--and for the world at large!
+
+But ever since Jefferson had purchased (1803) Louisiana from Napoleon
+the United States had found she was less dependent on Britain.
+Accordingly, Jefferson grew more and more unfriendly. And now in 1812,
+the world campaign of Napoleon had spread to America. He had hoped for
+this, but on different lines. He had planned for it, but those plans had
+failed.
+
+"The War of 1812-14," as we call it, was merely a phase, a section, of
+the greatest struggle in the history of mankind--the struggle of Britain
+against the aggrandisement and cheap ambition of Napoleon to become the
+Dictator of Europe and the civilized world. Brock, though invited to
+take a share in the long drawn out contest in Spain, decided--fortunately
+for us--to remain in Canada.
+
+The year 1812 was the climax of the war with Napoleon--the most
+splendid, as we have said, of all years in British military annals.
+Since 1808, the British forces had been striving to drive the French
+from Spain. First under Sir John Moore, later under Wellington, inch by
+inch, year by year, they had beaten them back toward the Pyrenees. Then
+on July 22, 1812, just as Brock was struggling with all his difficulties
+here in Canada, there came Wellington's first decisive victory at
+Salamanca. The news reached Brock in October and a day or two before he
+died he sent the tidings forward to Proctor--Proctor then struggling
+with his Forty-first Regiment to do as much damage as he could to the
+enemy hundreds of miles out from Windsor and Detroit, Proctor who was to
+be eternally much abused for faults he never was guilty of, and to be
+blamed for Tecumseh's death next year. With the news of Salamanca went
+Brock's prophetic comment: "I think the game nearly up in Spain"; and
+within a year the game, Napoleon's game, was up, not only in Spain but
+in all Europe. Within a year Leipsic had been fought and won and
+Napoleon was a wanderer on the face of the earth, to be gathered in and
+lodged on Elba.
+
+Meanwhile other great events were shaping. Just a month before
+Salamanca--in fact, four days before the United States declared
+war--Napoleon had set out on his fatal expedition against Russia. Two
+days later he crossed the Niemen. More than a million Frenchmen were now
+in arms in Europe; and Britain was the only active enemy in the field.
+
+What wonder then that Brock, as the civil and military head of the
+Government of Upper Canada, should view with extreme anxiety the
+situation in the Province? He had been in Canada for ten years. He knew
+that the Motherland could not furnish any more men. There were fifteen
+hundred regular troops in Upper, and two thousand in Lower Canada. Forty
+years before there had not been a single settlement in what is now
+Ontario from the Detroit to the Ottawa, from Lake Ontario to Sault Ste.
+Marie. Now there were seventy-five thousand inhabitants; and under a
+wise Militia Act they had imposed yearly military service on themselves;
+every male inhabitant had to furnish his own gun and appear on parade or
+be heavily fined. Thus there was a volunteer force more or less trained
+amounting to about ten thousand men--a militia that under Brock rendered
+splendid service.
+
+But arms were scarce and supplies had to be brought long distances. The
+men at Queenston won their victory with guns that were captured two
+months before at Detroit. Throughout the war, when our mills had been
+burnt by a ruthless enemy that made war on women and children and old
+men, supplies were brought up the toilsome course of the St. Lawrence in
+Durham boats and _bateaux_. The devoted militia of the river counties
+guarded the frontier, and only once did they lose a convoy, part of
+which they afterwards recovered by a raid into the enemy's territory at
+Waddington, N.Y.
+
+In front of Brock was a nation of eight or nine millions, a nation that
+believed they could "take the Canadas without soldiers;" as the United
+States Secretary of War said--"we have only to send officers into the
+Province and the people, disaffected towards their own Government, will
+rally round our standard." Yet they placed, during the three years of
+the war, 527,000 men in the field and were defeated in thirty-two
+engagements. The odds were twenty-six to one against us. That was
+Brock's grand bequest to this land--the spirit to fight against odds
+that were at first sight positively overwhelming.
+
+For years sedition and disloyalty had been gaining ground in Upper
+Canada. In 1802, Colonel Talbot classified the inhabitants of the
+western part of the Province as (1) those enticed hither by the free
+land grants; (2) those that had fled from the United States for crime;
+(3) Republicans anticipating that the colony would shake off its
+allegiance to Britain. Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Cruikshank, who is
+justly regarded as the most eminent authority on the War of 1812-14,
+believes that in a large portion of the Province "the recent immigrants
+from the United States outnumbered all the other inhabitants at least
+two to one. Two-thirds of the members of the Assembly and one-third of
+the magistrates were natives of the United States."
+
+On the 28th of July, 1812, Brock called together the Legislature of
+Upper Canada. In his speech from the throne he stated that "a few
+traitors have already joined the enemy, have been suffered to come into
+the country with impunity, and have been harboured and concealed in the
+interior." The peroration should be memorized by every young Canadian:
+"We are engaged in an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and
+despatch in our councils and by vigour in our operations we may teach
+the enemy this lesson, that a country defended by _free men_,
+enthusiastically devoted to their king and constitution, can never be
+conquered." He especially desired the suspension of the Habeas Corpus
+Act and the passing of an Act to compel suspected persons to take an
+oath abjuring their allegiance to other countries. But Brock, to use his
+own words, could "get no good of them. They, like the magistrates and
+others in office, evidently mean to remain passive. The repeal of the
+Habeas Corpus will not pass, and if I have recourse to the law martial,
+I am told the whole armed force will disperse. Never was an officer
+placed in a more awkward predicament."
+
+The very next day he wrote in much the same spirit to Colonel Baynes:
+"The population, believe me, is essentially bad--a full belief possesses
+them all that this Province must inevitably succumb. This prepossession
+is fatal to every exertion. Legislators, magistrates, militia officers,
+all have imbibed the idea, and are so sluggish and indifferent in their
+respective offices that the artful and active scoundrel is allowed to
+parade the country without interruption and commit all imaginable
+mischief. . . . Most of the people have lost all confidence. I, however,
+speak loud and look big."
+
+On the same day, moreover, he reported: "The militia stationed here (at
+York) volunteered their services to any part of the Province without the
+least hesitation."
+
+Day after day his Legislature wasted their time. For eight days they
+discussed a mere party question of changing a clause in the School Bill.
+Brock prorogued Parliament and took the reins in his own hands. He
+declared martial law, and soon after three members of the Legislature,
+Willcocks, Markle, and Mallory, deserted and joined the United States
+forces.
+
+At once he set out on his expedition to Detroit. Through the wilds of
+Upper Canada, by lake and field, he led his small band of men two
+hundred miles. In nineteen days he was back again in his capital. He had
+annihilated the left wing of the enemy's army; he had captured two
+thousand five hundred men, thirty-seven cannon and immense military
+stores. The State of Michigan practically remained in our possession
+till the close of the war.
+
+A hundred years ago Brock spent the last week in August and the first
+part of October in strengthening the defences on the Niagara frontier.
+He needed one thousand more regulars, but Sir George Prevost could not
+spare another man. He mounted new batteries with the Detroit cannon. He
+established a system of communication and the use of beacon lights from
+Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, with a spur line inland to Pelham Heights. He
+refitted his men from the stores captured at Detroit. Ceaseless activity
+and eternal vigilance were the very laws of his life. The motto on his
+seal is said to have been "He who guards never sleeps." The legend may
+not be correct, but it is so appropriate that one likes to perpetuate
+the tradition.
+
+The United States army as a whole was attacking Canada at three points:
+its right wing was trying to force its way up the valley of the
+Richelieu; its left wing had been disposed of by Brock at Detroit; its
+centre was being strengthened every day along the Niagara frontier. From
+the old French fort at the mouth of the Niagara River to the village of
+Buffalo there was on both sides of the Niagara an uninterrupted scene of
+fearful and warlike activity. The heights of Lewiston and the red beach
+below were white with the tents of nearly four thousand soldiers.
+
+From Queenston a small body of British and Canadian soldiers were
+watching and waiting. Then--a hundred years ago--it was much the same
+straggling village as to-day. Here the eddying, foaming, turbulent
+waters of the Niagara issue from the narrow, rocky gorge to spread out
+into a gentle stream and wind their way to Lake Ontario, seven miles
+distant. At the foot of the Canadian cliff nestles Queenston; at the
+foot of the sister cliff opposite is Lewiston in New York State. A
+hundred years ago, from the "Heights" a spectator would have seen the
+same glorious panorama of fertile fields and autumn tints; but since
+June the whole line of the Niagara River had resounded with din of
+preparations to resist a ruthless and aggressive invader.
+
+But while Brock was absent at Detroit, about the middle of August, Sir
+George Prevost, the British commander-in-chief, had very unwisely
+concluded an armistice with General Dearborn, the terms of which
+extended only to the right wing of the United States army. Accordingly,
+this gave Major-General Van Rensselaer, who was in command of the enemy
+on the Niagara, a splendid opportunity to array still larger forces
+against Brock. Artillery and stores were brought up from Oswego;
+thousands of additional troops had been hurried forward to the enemy;
+scows and boats were built for the purpose of crossing the Niagara.
+
+"Major-General Stephen Van Rensselaer," says Colonel Ernest Cruikshank,
+the careful historian of the war, "who held chief command by virtue of
+his rank as major-general of the New York State troops, was an entire
+novice in all military affairs, and could scarcely even be termed an
+amateur soldier. The last patroon of the manor of Rensselaer-Wyck and
+the leading Federalist in the State, his appointment was a sharp stroke
+of party tactics on the part of the Governor, who discovered in him a
+prospective and dangerous opponent. The recent congressional elections
+had seemed to indicate that the Federalists had regained the confidence
+of the people of New York, and most of their leaders were uncompromising
+in their hostility to the war. If Van Rensselaer accepted the command
+his immediate following would be committed to its prosecution; if he
+refused his conduct could be denounced as unpatriotic.
+
+"Stephen was an amiable and benevolent, but rather dull man of about
+fifty years of age. On all strictly military subjects he was compelled
+to rely upon the advice of his adjutant-general and cousin, Colonel
+Solomon Van Rensselaer, who had been bred a soldier, had served in the
+United States army for ten years, and had held his present appointment
+for as many more. He had been wounded in Wayne's campaign against the
+Indians, and possessed the reputation of being a brave and skilful
+officer."
+
+The close observer who comes up the Niagara River will see just after he
+leaves the wharf of Niagara-on-the-Lake the far-extending green bastions
+of Fort George. A hundred years ago there was no barn there which a
+thrifty Government later allowed to be built within its lines. But a
+hundred years ago this morning, on Tuesday, October 13, it was a fort
+and Brock's headquarters. For weeks there had been persistent
+rainstorms. In the dull grey foggy chill of the morning, about four
+o'clock, there came an alarm that the enemy were crossing the river at
+Queenston. In a few minutes, Brock dashed out of the fort unattended and
+galloped headlong up the river road. Macdonell, his young and faithful
+aide-de-camp, soon followed. At Brown's Point, two miles from Queenston,
+was a battery manned by the militia of York, among them such men as John
+Beverley Robinson and Archibald Maclean, both afterwards chief justices.
+As Brock passed he waved his hand to them; and very likely it was then
+he said, "Push on, brave York Volunteers." And as they advanced to
+support their leaders there was plenty of evidence that the invaders had
+made a landing. Troops of the enemy were met under guard--miserable,
+wounded wretches.
+
+The mouth of the Niagara Gorge is barely two hundred yards wide; and
+this had been selected as the place at which to cross. Fifteen hundred
+United States regulars and nearly three thousand militia, it was hoped,
+could be ferried across in seven trips. At Queenston to oppose them
+there were merely two companies of the Forty-ninth (Brock's regiment)
+under Captain Dennis, and three companies of militia. In all, in and
+about Queenston there were less than two hundred men.
+
+In less than fifteen minutes ten boats had landed three hundred men,
+exactly as they had planned. When discovered by a sentinel, they were
+forming up under the command of Colonel Solomon Van Rensselaer.
+
+At once from Brown's Point, from Vrooman's Point, from the gun halfway
+up Queenston Heights there belched forth an incessant fire. The
+Lewiston batteries opened on the village and soon reduced several of
+the houses to ruins.
+
+Meanwhile, Captain Dennis, with forty-six men, sought out the invaders
+at the foot of the cliff. Though they soon took to the cover of the
+trees and brush in disorder, many were killed, and Colonel Van
+Rensselaer himself received no less than six wounds.
+
+After dawn, however, they observed how few men were working the one-gun
+battery halfway up Queenston Heights. They ascended by a narrow
+fisherman's path, under the command of Lieutenant Wool, and gained the
+Heights unopposed.
+
+It was "at this instant Brock rode into the village, splashed with mud
+from head to foot. . . . A striking scene presented itself to his gaze.
+Battalion after battalion of troops in rear of the American batteries in
+readiness to embark; other detachments entering their boats, some
+already on the river; their guns throwing round and grape shot into the
+village, where Dennis still contrived to maintain a foothold"
+(Cruikshank).
+
+Brock rode up the slope toward the redan halfway up the Heights. From
+the hillside above him burst a shout and down rushed an overwhelming
+body of the invaders. With barely time to spike the gun with a ramrod,
+the three officers and the dozen artillerymen withdrew and left the
+enemy in possession.
+
+Fresh troops were now landing to assist the invaders; and Brock was
+fully convinced that the lost position must be recovered at once. He
+sent Captain Williams with about seventy men by a round-about way to
+attack Wool's left. Seeing Wool's force driven in, Brock mustered a
+hundred and ninety men, including the militia flank companies. Waving
+his sword, he led his men up the steep ascent toward the battery they
+had lost. As he moved toward the right of the mountain, a bullet struck
+his sword wrist. Within fifty yards of him, an Ohio rifleman stepped
+out from a thicket, took deliberate aim and fired. Shot through the left
+breast, he fell. "My fall," he murmured, "must not be noticed, nor
+impede my brave companions from advancing to victory." Mindful of duty,
+mindful of others, thus died Sir Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper Canada.
+
+Three days before, a grateful sovereign had created him a Knight of the
+Order of the Bath. Subsequent generations of Canadians placed over his
+remains the noble shaft, that from its commanding position is the most
+notable landmark of the historic battleground he made famous. But he
+lives in the hearts of the people whose country he saved, whose fathers
+he inspired to resist the invader. He had found them a panic-stricken
+people, he left them vigorous, united, aggressive.
+
+The remaining incidents of that day at Queenston Heights are well known.
+Two hours later, Macdonell, Brock's military secretary and aide, tried
+to regain the one-gun battery. A fierce fight ensued: Macdonell, Dennis
+and Williams were all wounded; and the next day the bright young
+Scotsman, attorney-general at the age of twenty-seven, passed away. In
+life he was united with Brock, and in death he was not separated. The
+bodies of the two heroes rest together under the Queenston Monument,
+where the river has been singing their requiem for a hundred years.
+
+The third stage of the battle was reached at two o'clock in the
+afternoon. Then Major-General Roger Hale Sheaffe advanced from Fort
+George along the river road. Turning to the right down the little
+Queenston Creek, he led his forces across the Dr. Hamilton property. On
+the left he flung out his Indians under Norton and Brant, and they moved
+forward and made trouble.
+
+Ascending the escarpment west of the invading troops, Sheaffe came upon
+the terrified invaders, drawn up near the site of the present monument.
+Their left rested on the river verge of the cliff. A volley or two--and
+the Canadians found themselves embarrassed with prisoners. Within a few
+days, 958, including stragglers, had surrendered as prisoners of war.
+Among these were General Wadsworth, who had been in command, and
+Lieutenant-Colonel Winfield Scott, later to become commander-in-chief of
+the United States army and conqueror of Mexico.
+
+
+
+
+PRELIMINARY STEPS
+
+
+The desire to commemorate the centenary of Brock's death-day--October
+13th, 1912--took form at a meeting of the United Empire Loyalists'
+Association of Canada, held at Toronto on April 11th, 1912, when, on the
+motion of Mr. John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., a committee, consisting of
+Colonel Ryerson, Lieut.-Colonel W. Hamilton Merritt, Mr. J. S.
+Carstairs, and Mr. C. E. MacDonald, barrister, was appointed to draft a
+suitable programme for the celebration of "Brock's Day."
+
+This committee submitted the following report at a meeting of the
+Association held on September 17th, 1912, Colonel Ryerson presiding:
+
+     "Your Committee begs leave to report that as, within their
+     knowledge, no action has been taken by either the Federal or
+     Provincial Government to celebrate the Centenary of the death of
+     Sir Isaac Brock on Sunday, October 13th, 1912, they recommend as
+     follows:
+
+     "(1) That recommendations be made to both the Federal Government
+     and to the Provincial Government of Ontario, that in view of the
+     fact that General Brock in June, 1812, found himself at the head of
+     a panic-stricken people in the presence of a powerful invader, and
+     that a few months later, when he fell at Queenston Heights, he left
+     that people united, fearless and invincible, it is believed that
+     there should be a national demonstration that will be in effect
+     only less impressive on the public mind than was the passing away
+     of the man himself at Queenston Heights a hundred years ago.
+
+     "(2) That the demonstration might take the form of a royal salute
+     from every cannon in the land on Sunday, October 13th. This would
+     be a matter to be arranged by the Minister of Militia.
+
+     "(3) Every church in Canada might be requested to hold some sort of
+     a memorial service on Sunday, October 13th.
+
+     "(4) On Friday, October 11th, every school in Canada might appeal
+     to the intellect and imagination of the coming generation of men
+     and women by appropriate commemorative exercises.
+
+     "(5) Monday, October 14th, could be proclaimed a national holiday.
+
+     "There is, in the corridor of the Parliament Buildings at Toronto,
+     the copy of a splendid portrait of Brock, full of life and action.
+     By some arrangement with the Minister of Education in every
+     Province, or even without it, perhaps a copy of this picture could
+     be placed in every school in the land.
+
+     "(6) As the city of Toronto is very likely to expropriate the Knox
+     College property, it might be well to suggest to the city
+     authorities that this new park should be opened in October with
+     proper ceremonies and named Brock Park. In this connection, it
+     might be well to recall that the lower portion of Spadina Avenue
+     was, until recently, known as Brock Street.
+
+     "(7) It is recommended that these suggestions shall be brought to
+     the attention of the Federal and Provincial Governments, and every
+     means should be taken to convince the authorities that on October
+     13th, 1912, our people should hang some votive offering on the
+     shrine of the hero of Upper Canada.
+
+     "(8) That copies of this report be sent to the National Council of
+     Women and to the Secretary of the Imperial Order of the Daughters
+     of the Empire inviting their concurrence.
+
+                                      "J. S. CARSTAIRS, _Chairman_."
+
+This Report was adopted tentatively, and in order to secure as wide as
+possible a co-operation from other patriotic Associations, it was
+agreed, on the motion of Colonel Denison, seconded by Mr. C. E.
+Macdonald, that the Centenary of Sir Isaac Brock's death, Sunday,
+October 13th, 1912, be commemorated by an excursion to Queenston Heights
+on the 12th, and that patriotic and historical societies, clubs and
+regiments, etc., be asked to send not more than three delegates to a
+meeting to be held on Wednesday, September 25th, at 4.30 o'clock, in the
+Canadian Foresters' Building, to discuss a plan of commemoration.
+
+In accordance with this resolution the following societies were
+circularized, and asked to co-operate in the celebration:
+
+SOCIETIES: British Empire League; Caledonian Society; Canadian Club;
+Canadian Defence League; Daughters of the Empire, Niagara Falls, Ont.;
+Daughters of the Empire, St. Catharines; Empire Club; Historical
+Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake;
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire; Irish Protestant and Benevolent
+Society, Toronto; Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.;
+Ontario Historical Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St.
+Catharines' Historical Society; St. George's Society, Toronto; Sons of
+England, Toronto; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association, Toronto;
+Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto; Women's Canadian Club,
+Toronto; Women's Historical Society, Hamilton; Women's Institute,
+Queenston; Women's Institute, Stamford; York Pioneers' Association.
+
+MILITARY: Brig.-General W. H. Cotton, Officer Commanding 2nd Division;
+Canadian Army Medical Corps, Permanent Army Medical Corps, Permanent
+Army Service Corps, Royal Canadian Dragoons, Royal Canadian Engineers,
+Royal Canadian Regiment.
+
+_Artillery_: 2nd Brigade Canadian Field Artillery, 9th Battery Canadian
+Field Artillery.
+
+_Cavalry_: Governor-General's Body Guard, 9th Mississauga Horse.
+
+_Infantry_: "Queen's Own" Rifles, 10th Regiment Royal Grenadiers, 12th
+Regiment York Rangers, 48th Battalion Highlanders.
+
+_Military Associations, Etc._: Canadian Military Institute, Her
+Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans, Imperial South African Service
+Association, Veterans of '66 Association, Veterans of '85 Association,
+Wolseley Red River Expedition Association, 1870.
+
+
+
+
+GENERAL COMMITTEE FORMED
+
+
+In response to the invitation above referred to, societies and regiments
+appointed the following delegates to represent them on the General
+Committee:--
+
+     _United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada_: Colonel G.
+     Sterling Ryerson, President; Colonel G. T. Denison, Lieut.-Colonel
+     George A. Shaw, Mr. R. E. A. Land, Vice-Presidents; Mr. J. Stewart
+     Carstairs, Honorary Secretary; Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary
+     Assistant Secretary; Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mr. C. E.
+     Macdonald, Miss Catharine Merritt, Mr. R. S. Neville, K.C., Captain
+     Victor Hall, Miss O. V. Widner, Mrs. F. O. Loft, Mrs. Edmund
+     Phillips, Mrs. Dignam, Toronto.
+
+     _Six Nations Indians_ (United Empire Loyalists): Warrior F. O.
+     Loft, Mr. Allen W. Johnson.
+
+     _British Empire League_: Colonel G. T. Denison, Toronto.
+
+     _Canadian Club_: Dr. A. H. U. Colquhoun, President; Mr. F. D. L.
+     Smith, Toronto.
+
+     _Canadian Defence League_: Colonel Fotheringham, Dr. J. L. Hughes,
+     Mr. R. E. Kingsford, Toronto.
+
+     _Empire Club_: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. E. K. Richardson,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire_: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham,
+     Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Mrs. John Bruce, Miss Constance Boulton,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _Sons of Scotland_: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Dr. John Ferguson,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _St. George's Society, Toronto_: John W. Gamble Boyd.
+
+     _Lundy's Lane Historical Association_: Mr. J. Jackson,
+     Superintendent Queen Victoria Park, Secretary, Niagara Falls, Ont.
+
+     _Niagara Historical Society_: Miss Janet Carnochan,
+     Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson, Mrs. Charles Lewis
+     Shaw, Toronto.
+
+     _Ontario Historical Society_: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Secretary,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto_: Miss M. Agnes
+     FitzGibbon, Toronto.
+
+     _Women's Wentworth Historical Society_: Mrs. John Calder, Hamilton,
+     President.
+
+     _Governor-General's Body Guard_: Lieut.-Colonel Frank A. Fleming,
+     W. E. L. Coleman, Toronto.
+
+     _12th Regiment_: Major Curran, Toronto.
+
+     _48th Highlanders_: Captain Darling, Adjutant.
+
+     _'66 Veterans' Association_: Captain Geo. Musson, P. E. Noverre,
+     David Creighton, Lieut.-Colonel A. E. Belcher, Lieut.-Colonel Geo.
+     A. Shaw, Toronto.
+
+     _'85 Veterans' Association_: Sergeant A. G. Scovell, Toronto.
+
+
+PROGRAMME ADOPTED
+
+The first meeting of the General Committee thus formed was held on
+September 25th, 1912, in the Canadian Foresters' Building, College
+Street, Toronto. There was a large attendance of members.
+
+Colonel Ryerson was appointed Chairman, and Miss Helen M. Merrill
+Secretary, of the Committee. The report from the United Empire Loyalist
+Association of Canada, as given above, having been read to the meeting,
+resolutions to the following effect were passed:
+
+     (1) That Brock's Day be celebrated by a public gathering at
+     Queenston Heights.
+
+     (2) That the various patriotic and historical societies, local as
+     well as those within easy reach of Queenston, be invited to send as
+     large delegations as possible to Brock's Monument on Saturday,
+     October 12th, 1912, in commemoration of his death.
+
+     (3) That the various patriotic and historical societies be asked to
+     send wreaths for the purpose of decorating Brock's Monument on
+     October 12th.
+
+     (4) That a special invitation be sent to Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C.,
+     Alexandria, Ont., to attend the celebration as the direct
+     representative of Colonel John Macdonell, the Attorney-General of
+     Upper Canada, and Brock's Provincial A.D.C., who fell with his
+     leader, and whose remains rest beneath the monument on Queenston
+     Heights.
+
+     (5) That the Honourable the Minister of Militia be asked to order
+     that salutes be fired on October 12th from all saluting points in
+     Canada.
+
+     (6) That the churches be asked to arrange that memorial sermons be
+     preached throughout Canada on Sunday, October 13th.
+
+     (7) That suitable exercises relating to Brock and 1812 should be
+     held in every school in Canada; and that this suggestion be not
+     only given publicity through the newspapers, but that the attention
+     of the various Ministers of Education in the Dominion be specially
+     drawn to it.
+
+     (8) That the Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs at Ottawa be
+     asked to take measures to have the history of Brock and the events
+     of the 1812 war brought specially before the children in all Indian
+     Schools under the charge of the Dominion Government.
+
+     (9) That a wreath be placed on the picture of Brock in the
+     Parliament Buildings, Toronto.
+
+     (10) That it be suggested to the Dominion Government to place a
+     wreath on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral, London,
+     England.
+
+An Executive Committee was appointed to further these resolutions,
+consisting of the members of the following special committees:--
+
+     _Travelling Arrangements, etc._: Colonel Ryerson, Dr. James L.
+     Hughes, Mr. J. S. Carstairs and Mr. C. E. Macdonald.
+
+     _Press_: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. F. D. L.
+     Smith, Miss Helen M. Merrill.
+
+     Chairman and Secretary of the Executive Committee: Colonel Ryerson
+     and Miss Helen M. Merrill.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary Secretary. Colonel George S. Ryerson,
+Chairman. James L Hughes. LL.D. J. Castell Hopkins. J. Stewart
+Carstairs, B.A. Charles E. Macdonald, Esq. Alexander Fraser, LL.D. F. D.
+L. Smith, Esq.
+
+EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.]
+
+
+
+
+REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
+
+
+The General Committee met on October 2nd, 1912, Colonel Ryerson
+presiding. The reports of the special committees regarding the
+arrangements were very satisfactory, and it was made abundantly clear
+that the proposed celebration had touched a tender chord of public
+feeling. Travelling arrangements by train to Niagara Falls and by
+electric car thence to Queenston Heights were approved of. The
+co-operation of the Women's Institute, Queenston, was promised in
+connection with the decoration of the grounds there; the Ontario
+Government consented to police the grounds, and the Victoria Park
+Commission to reopen the restaurant at the Heights for the day. It was
+agreed to advise the hotels at Niagara Falls, Ont., that luncheon would
+be taken at that town on arrival of the train, and to arrange with the
+electric railway for the conveyance of the visitors to the Monument. The
+publicity so generously afforded by the press was gratefully
+acknowledged. A letter from Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Alexandria,
+accepting the Committee's invitation, was read; and a motion by Mr. F.
+D. L. Smith that a bronze tablet to mark the centenary celebration be
+placed on Brock's Monument was deferred for consideration at the next
+meeting to be held on the week following.
+
+At the meeting of the General Committee held on October 9th in the
+Canadian Foresters' Hall, Toronto, Colonel Ryerson presiding, the
+following report of the Executive Committee was received and adopted:--
+
+     "The Executive Committee met on October 7th and received
+     satisfactory reports of the progress made in carrying out the
+     proposals of the General Committee. A programme for the celebration
+     at Queenston Heights was drafted, and the President was requested
+     to arrange with the Department of Militia that the permanent forces
+     be sent from Toronto to Queenston Heights to take part in the
+     proceedings. It was also resolved to publish an account of the
+     proceedings in connection with the celebration as an interesting
+     record of a notable event."
+
+The Executive also reported that all arrangements had been completed for
+the journey to Queenston Heights; that the Militia Department had
+ordered that salutes be fired from all saluting points in Canada on the
+12th inst.; that commemorative church services would be extensively held
+on the 13th inst.; that special exercises would be observed in the
+public schools in accordance with letters received from the Honourable
+R. A. Pyne, M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, Mr. Augustus W.
+Ball, Deputy Minister of Education, Saskatchewan, Mr. Alexander
+Robinson, Superintendent of Education, British Columbia, and from Mr. R.
+Fletcher, Deputy Minister of Education, Manitoba; that a detachment from
+the permanent infantry force at Toronto would proceed to Queenston
+Heights on the 12th inst.; that the Toronto, Hamilton and other corps of
+militia would be represented, and that large delegations from patriotic,
+national and historical societies would take part; that many wreaths
+would be sent to the monument; that the Dominion Government had ordered
+its representative in London, England, to place a wreath on Brock's
+Memorial in St. Paul's Cathedral; and that letters from prominent public
+men had been received, either regretting their inability to take part or
+accepting the invitations to be present.
+
+This being the last meeting of the General Committee, it was agreed to
+refer the suggestion that a bronze centennial tablet be placed on
+Brock's Monument, the striking of a Centennial medal, and all business
+connected with the celebration ceremonies, or arising therefrom, to the
+Executive Committee, with full power to dispose of the same.
+
+The meeting then adjourned _sine die_.
+
+
+
+
+CELEBRATING THE DAY
+
+
+It had been decided to travel by the Grand Trunk Railway train leaving
+Toronto at nine o'clock a.m. (a few only going by steamer from Yonge
+Street wharf). The unsettled, rainy weather of the two previous days had
+caused some misgiving as to the number of people who might venture on an
+open air demonstration on a cold October day, and the grey looming skies
+at dawn on Saturday, the 12th, held no hidden hope of a silver lining.
+The enthusiasm awakened by the name of Brock, however, was resistless,
+and betimes the seats in the waiting train were crowded. The Union
+Station witnessed a lively scene--the soldiers in bright colours, the
+ladies and gentlemen in gay humour, and the stirring music of the
+bagpipes, combining to enliven and mark the unusual character of the
+occasion.
+
+At Hamilton a number of friends joined the party, and others who could
+not do so came to the railway station to express their good wishes. St.
+Catharines also gave its contingent. Niagara Falls was safely reached at
+11.45 o'clock.
+
+Shortly afterwards Major Gordon J. Smith, Brantford, Superintendent of
+the Six Nation Indians, and a fine delegation arrived, and luncheon was
+served at several of the hotels.
+
+The journey was resumed by electric cars, the large company arriving at
+Queenston Heights in the course of an hour.
+
+During the forenoon the sky had cleared, and now the sun shone out
+brightly for a space on a landscape unsurpassed anywhere for spacious
+magnificence and scenic beauty. And crowning the domed escarpment the
+stately column spoke forth a people's patriotism and love, a memorial to
+the brave, the scene harmonizing with the feelings of the great
+gathering.
+
+[Illustration: FIRST MONUMENT TO GENERAL BROCK AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.
+
+--Ontario Archives.]
+
+
+
+
+AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS
+
+
+[Illustration: BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.
+
+--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).]
+
+About two thousand people gathered at the foot of the Monument. Colonel
+G. Sterling Ryerson, President of the General Committee and of the U. E.
+L. Association, presided. Among those present were the Hon. R. A. Pyne,
+M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, and Mrs. Pyne; A. Claude
+Macdonell, M.P., Toronto; W. M. German, M.P., Welland; Colonel George T.
+Denison (U. E. L. and British Empire League); J. A. Macdonell, K.C.,
+Glengarry; A. MacLean Macdonell, K.C. (representatives of Colonel the
+Hon. John Macdonell, Provincial A.D.C. to General Brock); Dr. Alexander
+Dame (a relative of Hon. Colonel John Macdonell); James L. Hughes, LL.D.
+(Canadian Defence League); Doctor Jessop, M.P.P., St. Catharines; Mr.
+Evan Fraser, M.P.P., Niagara Falls, Ont.; Alexander Fraser, LL.D.
+(Ontario Historical Society, St. Andrew's Society, and S.O.S.
+Association); Mr. F. D. W. Smith (Canadian Club, Toronto); J. Castell
+Hopkins (Empire Club, Toronto); Miss Helen M. Merrill (Honorary
+Secretary, Brock Centenary, and U. E. L.); Miss C. Macdonell; Miss Kate
+Fraser, Toronto; Mr. John Stewart Carstairs, B.A. (Honorary Secretary,
+U. E. L. Association of Canada); Mr. Charles E. Macdonald, barrister,
+Toronto (Honorary Counsellor, U. E. L. Association of Canada); Chas. R.
+McCullough, Hamilton (Union of Canadian Clubs).
+
+Royal Canadian College, Kingston: Colonel J. H. V. Crowe, Commandant.
+
+Royal Canadian Regiment: Captain J. F. Brown (in command), Lieutenant J.
+W. Cox, and sixty-eight non-coms. and men.
+
+Governor-General's Body Guard: Lieut.-Colonel Prank A. Fleming, officer
+commanding; Lieutenant A. D. Kirkpatrick; A. M. Stretton, Sergt.-Major,
+W. O.; S.Q.M.S. W. E. Borlace, Sergeant E. Pelletier, Mr. W. E. L.
+Coleman, Robt. D. Cox, Q.M. Sgt., 1st Cavalry Brigade; Corporal Worsick,
+Corporal Douglas; Troopers G. L. Collins, E. Lightbody, Sewell, Thos.
+Preston, G. W. C. Clarke, John S. Kilpatrick, W. Lennox, W. Hill, S.
+Norse.
+
+9th Mississauga Horse.
+
+St. Catharines Field Battery: Colonel F. King, Lieut.-Colonel Campbell.
+
+Canadian Engineers.
+
+2nd Regt. Q.O.R., Toronto: Sergeant-Major Geo. Creighton, Sergeants J.
+I. Matthews, A. G. Scovell, R. F. Reed, W. F. Meaforth, Forsyth, Scott;
+George Sanderson, E. R. Fitzgerald, retired, New Westminster, B.C., and
+others.
+
+10th Regt., "Royal Grenadiers," Toronto: Edward Johnston, Geo. H.
+Briggs, Robert Hazelton, and seventeen men under Captain Campbell.
+
+12th Regt., "York Rangers": Major Curran.
+
+13th Regt., Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel Moore, Bt. Lieut.-Colonel Ross,
+C.O., Major Lester.
+
+19th Regt., St. Catharines: Lieut.-Colonel W. W. Burleigh and others.
+
+22nd Regt., "Oxford Rifles."
+
+36th "Peel" Regt.: Royal Grafton, Ensign.
+
+48th Regt., "Highlanders," Toronto: Lieut.-Colonel W. Hendrie, Major J.
+A. Currie, and thirty-two non-com. officers and men in charge of
+Sergeant Cameron.
+
+91st Regt., Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel John J.
+Maclaren and others.
+
+York and Simcoe Battalion, Toronto: Corporal Thos. Laird, N.W.F.F.,
+1885.
+
+North-West Mounted Police: J. W. Scott.
+
+Ridley College Cadets and Bugle Band.
+
+'66 Veterans' Association: P. E. Noverre, President; Captain John A.
+Macdonald, '70; Colonel Belcher; Major J. Beck, 33rd Huron Regt.;
+Captain Geo. Musson, John Robinson, Walter R. Nursey; Captain John Ford
+(Chicago Volunteers), Past-President; Andrew K. Lauder, Captain F. H.
+McCallum, A. E. Wheeler.
+
+Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association, St. Catharines:
+Jamieson Black, President; C. Chapman, Past-President; Robt. J. Black,
+Vice-President; W. H. Drysdale, Treasurer; J. Albert Mills, Secretary;
+George Wilson.
+
+His Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans' Association: Mr. C. H. Robertson.
+
+Canadian Militia Veterans: Captain W. Fahey, President.
+
+Canadian Baden-Powell Boy Scouts: Ed. Nix, J. Gordon Rosser, Toronto.
+
+United Empire Loyalist Association of Canada: Major W. Napier Keefer,
+Past-President; Mr. R. E. A. Land, Vice-President; Rev. Canon Alex. W.
+Macnab, Honorary Chaplain, and Mrs. Macnab; Mr. E. M. Chadwick, K.C.,
+Honorary Genealogist; Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mrs. Edwards
+Merrill, Miss Emily Merritt, Miss Catharine Merritt, Miss Laura Clarke,
+Captain G. S. Ryerson, Miss Laura Ryerson, Miss Flora Powel, Miss J. J.
+MacCallum (descendant of Laura Secord), Miss Henrietta Loft, Miss Affa
+Loft, Major J. G. Beam (retired, 44th Batt.), Captain M. S. Boehm (30th
+Regt.), Mrs. Birdsall (descendant of Laura Secord), Niagara Falls.
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL SECTION OF A PANORAMIC PICTURE OF THE GATHERING
+AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.]
+
+Council of the Six Nations Indians, Oshwegan, Brant County (United
+Empire Loyalists): Mr. Gordon J. Smith (Honorary Chief, De-ha-ka-res,
+Bear Clan, Mohawk Tribe), Superintendent, Brantford; Chief Josiah Hill
+(Sa-ko-ka-ryes, Wolf Clan), Secretary; Chief William Smith,
+Interpreter; Chief J. C. Martin, Speaker; Chief J. S. Johnson
+(Ka-nen-kwe-yah), Deputy Speaker; Chief J. W. M. Elliott (Mohawk); Chief
+A. G. Smith (De-ka-nen-ra-neh, Bear Clan, Mohawk); Chief Elias Lewis
+(De-ka-ri-ho-gen, Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief Abraham Lewis
+(Ah-yon-wah-ehs, Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief John A. Gibson (Seneca);
+Chief Peter Isaac (Mudturtle Clan, Seneca); Chief Alexander Hill
+(Ot-go-taw-yen-toun, Deer Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief Lawrence
+Jonathan (Sha-ko-ken-he, Eel Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief David
+Jamieson (Cayuga); Chief Jacob Isaac (Hon-wa-sha-de-hon, Oneida); Chief
+Joseph Powless (Ha-dva-dho-nen-ta, Wolf Clan, Oneida); Chief Richard
+Hill (Ra-rih-whi-tyen-tah, Wolf Clan, Tuscarora); Chief Elias Carrier
+(Tuscarora); Warrior Frederick O. Loft and Mr. Allen W. Johnson,
+Toronto, Delegates to Brock Centenary Committee; Chief Isaiah Sickles
+(Da-Da-hon-den-wen, Bear Clan, Oneida); Warrior George Aaron; Daniel
+McNughton (Ha-don-da-he-ha); Dennis Palmerston (Tuscarora, American
+Indian).
+
+Canadian Club, Toronto: Mr. James M. Sinclair, Mr. W. J. Clarke, G.
+Frank Beer, P. H. Jennings, J. R. Collins.
+
+Empire Club, Toronto: Mr. Fred B. Fetherstonhaugh, K.C., President; Mr.
+Richard A. Stapells, First Vice-President.
+
+British Empire League, Toronto Branch: James P. Murray.
+
+Sons of Scotland, Toronto: Dr. John Ferguson, Mr. Evan Hugh Fraser,
+representing Camp Alexander Fraser, S.O.S., Toronto.
+
+St. Andrew's Society, Toronto: Captain Herbert M. Mowat, K.C., U.E.L.,
+Vice-President; Mr. James Murray, Manager; Mr. T. C. Irving, Manager;
+Mr. J. P. Martin, Robert Farquharson.
+
+St. George's Society, Toronto: Mr. John W. Gamble Boyd.
+
+Centre and South Toronto Liberal Conservative Association: Mr. Arthur
+VanKoughnet; Women's Branch, Mrs. Arthur VanKoughnet.
+
+York Pioneers' Historical Society, Toronto: Daniel Lamb, President; John
+W. Millar, Secretary; John Harvie, J. G. Hughes, Wm. Crocker, J. C.
+Moor, J. Hawley, E. Gegg, Josiah Rogers, John F. Ellis, A. E. Wheeler,
+W. D. McIntosh, W. J. Adams.
+
+Knights of Malta and the Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto:
+Mr. R. E. A. Land, Mr. A. G. Horwood, Mrs. A. G. Horwood.
+
+British Women's Society: Miss Perkins.
+
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Toronto: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham,
+Mrs. John Bruce, Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Miss Constance Boulton, Mrs.
+E. Humphreys, Mrs. Wm. Humphreys, Mrs. E. A. James, Miss Laura Brodigan,
+Miss Watson, Miss Maud Watson.
+
+Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto: Miss M. Agnes FitzGibbon,
+Miss Mickle, Mrs. Kearn, Mrs. Campbell Meyers, Miss Clara Port, Miss J.
+J. MacCallum.
+
+Brant Historical Society, Brantford: His Honour Judge Hardy, Honorary
+President; Mr. S. F. Passmore, President; Miss Isabella Gilkison, Mr. T.
+W. Standing, Vice-Presidents; Mrs. J. Y. Brown, Secretary; Major H. F.
+Leonard, Curator; Mr. J. J. Hawkins.
+
+Lundy's Lane Historical Association, Niagara Falls: Mr. J. Jackson,
+Secretary.
+
+Thorold and Beaver Dams Historical Society: T. H. Thompson, President;
+Miss Amy Ball.
+
+Niagara Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake: Miss Janet Carnochan,
+President; Rev. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. Ascher, Mrs. T.
+F. Best, Miss M. Ball, Mrs. Bottomley, Miss Creed. J. Eckersley, H.
+Macklem, Mrs. Macklem, Wm. Ryan, J. deW. Randall, Mrs. Randall, E. H.
+Shepherd, Mrs. Shepherd, Miss C. Waters, F. Winthrop, Mrs. Winthrop,
+Niagara; R. Field, Miss E. L. Lowery, Mrs. H. Usher, Queenston; Miss Amy
+Ball, Thorold; Miss S. Crysler, Niagara Falls; J. C. Ball, C. A. Case,
+St. Catharines; J. S. Carstairs, A. J. Clark, Miss E. Long, Mrs. Charles
+Lewis Shaw, Miss Annie Clark, Mr. G. J. Clark, Toronto.
+
+[Illustration: FLORAL TRIBUTE PLACED ON CENOTAPH, WHERE BROCK FELL,
+BY THE GUERNSEY SOCIETY, TORONTO.]
+
+[Illustration:
+
+G. J. Birney.  Sgt. John I. Matthews. Q.O.R.
+Dr. Chas. F. Durand.  J. L. Birney.  Sgt.-Major Geo. Creighton, Q.O.R.
+
+BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.]
+
+Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton: Mrs. John Calder, Miss
+Calder.
+
+Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mr. C. E. Kelly, President; G. D. Cadeaur,
+Secretary; Mr. Harry D. Petrie.
+
+Women's Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry D. Petrie.
+
+Women's Institute, Queenston: Mrs. A. A. Ramsay.
+
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry D. Petrie,
+Miss B. Gaviller.
+
+St. George's Society, London: Mr. N. F. Willmot.
+
+St. George's Society, Guelph: Mr. H. J. B. Leadlay.
+
+Canadian Business Women's Club, Toronto: Miss H. Williamson, Miss
+Winnifred Macdonald, Miss Effie Telfer, Mrs. Anna Fox.
+
+Others present were: Mrs. (Col.) William Hendrie, Hamilton; D. Macgregor
+Whyte, artist, Oban, Scotland; Lieutenant-Colonel Fred W. Macqueen,
+Toronto; Wm. Rea, Mrs. Rea, _née_ Jane Thomas, daughter of Mr. James
+Thomas, who was one of the contractors for the erection of Brock's
+Monument, and resided at Queenston during the entire time the Monument
+was being erected; Rev. S. A. Laidlaw, Ridgeway; Mr. W. H. Banfield, Mr.
+Benj. P. McKay, Mr. H. E. Wilmot, Mr. Samuel O'Bryen, Miss F. May
+Simpson, Miss Marjorie FitzGibbon, Miss Perkins, Miss Lulu Crowther,
+Mr. William Moss, Miss J. E. Douglas, Mr. H. B. Adams, Miss D. F. Waite,
+Miss Helen J. Sturrock, Mr. James Young, Mr. John Hawley, Mrs. Rees,
+Miss Amelia Rees, Gonnie Rees, A.T.C.M., Toronto; Mr. Fred Landon, Press
+Gallery, Ottawa; Mayor J. deW. Randall, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. A.
+Servos, Miss Mary Servos, St. Catharines; Mrs. Redhead, Miss Oliver,
+Niagara; Wm. Milliken, Toronto, and Dr. Campbell Meyers, Toronto.
+
+The stirring interest taken by the public in the celebration was in no
+way made more apparent than by the large number of costly and beautiful
+floral offerings sent to decorate the monument. Immediately on
+assembling on the Heights, these expressive tributes were formally
+received, one by one, by Colonel Ryerson. The names of the givers were
+announced by Mr. Chas. E. Macdonald, who also read out the patriotic
+mottoes and inscriptions. The wreaths were then carefully placed on the
+monument, and so numerous were they that they almost covered its huge
+base. The luxuriant ivy growing on the lower masonry was richly tinted
+with autumnal bronze, and on the natural background thus unexpectedly
+provided, the delighted celebrators worked out an effective colour
+scheme. It has not been possible to obtain a complete list of those who
+brought wreaths with them, but the following were noted:
+
+A magnificent Cross of St. George, made of oak leaves, from the Guernsey
+Society of Guernsey Island, Brock's birthplace, was placed on the
+cenotaph which marks the place where Brock fell, by Mr. J. L. Burney,
+whose father was a lieutenant under Brock and was by his side when the
+General was fatally stricken.
+
+J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., Toronto,
+and Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., Toronto, as representatives of
+the family of Colonel the Honourable John Macdonell, General Brock's
+aide-de-camp and military secretary, placed on the monument two handsome
+wreaths of laurel leaves, decorated with white and pink heather and
+heavily trimmed with purple, one to the memory of Brock, and one, with
+the motto "From Kith and Kin," to the memory of their kinsman, Colonel
+Macdonell.
+
+[Illustration: MEMORIAL WREATHS ON THE TOMBS, AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, OF
+MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ISAAC BROCK. Kt., AND COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL,
+P.A.D.C., ATTORNEY-GENERAL OF UPPER CANADA.
+
+Placed there by Mr. John Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, Mr. Angus Claude
+Macdonell. K.C., M.P., Toronto, and Mr. A. McLean Macdonell. K.C.,
+Toronto (with the motto, "From kith and kin." on that of the latter).]
+
+Colonel George T. Denison placed a wreath from the British Empire League
+(England), he being the President of the Canadian branch.
+
+Mr. J. Murray McCheyne Clark, K.C., LL.B., Toronto, sent a wreath on
+behalf of the Toronto branch of the British Empire League, of which he
+is the President.
+
+Wreaths were sent by the Canadian Club, Toronto; the Canadian Club,
+Hamilton; the Caroline School pupils, Hamilton; Centre and South Toronto
+Conservative Club, Ladies' Branch; Governor-General's Body Guard,
+Toronto; 91st Regiment Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton; Imperial Order
+Daughters of the Empire, Toronto; Imperial Order Daughters of the
+Empire, Hamilton; Chapter General of Canada Knights of Malta and the
+Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto.
+
+Mrs. Fessenden, as founder of Empire Day, sent a sheaf of crimson
+carnations tied with the national colours. To this was attached, with a
+League of the Empire brooch, a card bearing this inscription from
+Palgrave:
+
+   "If the day of a nation's weakness rise,
+      Of the little counsels that dare not dare,
+    Of a land that no more on herself relies,--
+      O breathe of the great ones that were,
+      Burn out this taint in the air!
+    The old heart of England restore,
+    Till the blood of heroes awake and cry on her bosom once more."
+
+Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; 9th Mississauga
+Horse; Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association, St.
+Catharines--Mr. Jamieson Black, as President, placed a wreath on the
+grave as a tribute from St. Catharines. For many years this Association
+has placed a wreath at the foot of the tomb of Brock at their annual
+outing at Queenston Heights.
+
+Niagara Falls City, Ontario, Mayor and Aldermen; Niagara Historical
+Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Niagara Public Schools; Ontario Historical
+Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St. George's Society, Toronto;
+St. George's Society, Hamilton; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association;
+Sons of Scotland, Camp "Alexander Fraser"; Six Nations Indians
+(Oshwegan), Brantford; United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada,
+Toronto; Upper Canada Old Boys' Association, Toronto; Welland County
+Teachers' Association; Women's Canadian Historical Society,
+Toronto--Wreath of scarlet gladioli and carnations tied with scarlet and
+green, the colors of the Society, the motto in gold on a green band:
+"Deeds Speak"; Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton.
+
+Miss Ball, granddaughter of Captain John Clement Ball, carried a
+lithograph of the battle scene (Queenston Heights) made in 1813 from a
+sketch by Major Dennis as he lay wounded on the field, October 13th,
+1812.
+
+In addition to the wreath placed on the monument the United Empire
+Loyalists hung a wreath on the portrait of General Brock in the
+Parliament Buildings, Toronto.
+
+The scene presented was unique, and in many respects a remarkable one.
+Not the least striking feature was the character of the gathering.
+Descendants of soldiers who fought with Brock were there, some of them
+carrying the burden of years, some barely out of childhood's leash.
+Others, and scarcely less interested in the proceedings, represented
+loyal and patriotic societies, widely spread over the Province. The
+Indian contingent from the Six Nations occupied a conspicuous place of
+honour most worthily, their presence recalling the signal service
+rendered by their brave forefathers at Queenston Heights and in the
+campaign generally. The military detachments added colour to the
+animated scene. The men of the Royal Canadian Regiment, of the
+Governor-General's Body Guard, of the Forty-eighth Highlanders, the
+Queen's Own, the Royal Grenadiers, the Mississauga Horse, the Ridley
+College Cadets, and of other corps, were drawn up on the outside of the
+crowd, and beyond them, on the escarpment, the St. Catharines' Battery,
+Field Artillery, was stationed. Over all floated the Union Jack.
+
+[Illustration: WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT IN ST. PAUL'S
+CATHEDRAL, LONDON, ENG. BY THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA.]
+
+[Illustration: WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, BY
+THE IMPERIAL ORDER OF THE DAUGHTERS OF THE EMPIRE.]
+
+[Illustration: BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS
+
+Conferring tribal membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill, who on adoption
+into the Oneida Nation received the name "Kah-ya-tonhs" (One who keeps
+records).]
+
+An incident of the gathering in which much interest was shown was the
+unfurling of an old, historic Union Jack from the top of Brock's
+Monument by Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary of the Committee. When the
+first monument erected to Brock at Queenston was destroyed (17th April,
+1840) a great indignation meeting was held on the Heights. Among those
+present was a British sailor from one of the ships that conveyed the
+Toronto people to the meeting. He had brought with him a Union Jack, and
+climbing to the top of the broken shaft, waved it aloft, amid the cheers
+of the assembled patriots. The flag was preserved, and Mr. Comer,
+Kingston, Ont., readily loaned it for this special occasion.
+Accompanying Miss Merrill to the top of the monument with the flag were
+Misses Marjorie FitzGibbon and Laura Brodigan and Mr. Allen W. Johnson
+(Six Nations).
+
+Several relics of the War of 1812-14 were shown by their possessors, who
+held them sacred, among them a Union Jack, carried by Chief Paudash
+(Johnson) of the Mississauga Indians, from the Ontario Archives
+Department; early sketches of the Queenston battlefield, and pictures of
+officers who took part in the war.
+
+At the close of the speeches the Six Nation Indians present formed a
+Council, and, in recognition of her services as Honorary Secretary of
+the Celebration Committee, conferred on Miss Helen M. Merrill the honour
+of tribal membership by the name "Kah-ya-tonhs"--one who keeps records.
+
+The wreaths having been placed, the programme of the day was opened by
+the firing of a general salute by the 7th St. Catharines Field Battery
+of the Royal Canadian Artillery. This was followed by the playing of a
+lament for the dead by the pipers of the Forty-eighth Highlanders and
+Pipe-Major Dunbar, piper to Lieut.-Colonel William Hendrie, of Hamilton.
+
+Letters expressing regret for inability to be present were read by
+Colonel Ryerson from the following gentlemen: The Right Honourable R. L.
+Borden, M.P., Prime Minister of Canada; His Honour Sir John M. Gibson,
+K.C.M.G., Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario; Colonel the Honourable Samuel
+Hughes, M.P., Minister of Militia, Ottawa; the Honourable Sir James P.
+Whitney, Prime Minister of Ontario; Major-General C. J. Mackenzie, C.B.,
+C.G.S., Ottawa; Major-General W. D. Otter, C.V.O., C.B.; Major-General
+D. A. Macdonald, C.M.G., Ottawa; Brig.-General F. L. Lessard, C.B.;
+Colonel R. W. Rutherford, M.G.O.; Dr. R. A. Falconer, President,
+University of Toronto; Hugh Munro, M.P.P., Glengarry.
+
+[Illustration: SIX NATION INDIANS CELEBRATING BROCK'S CENTENARY AT
+QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.
+
+Abram Lewis (holding silver pipe of peace), Chief Alexander Hill, Chief
+A. G. Smith]
+
+[Illustration: COLONEL GEORGE STERLING RYERSON. CHAIRMAN OF
+COMMITTEE.]
+
+
+
+
+THE SPEECHES
+
+
+The preliminaries over, the gathering was addressed by a number of well
+known gentlemen whose speeches follow:
+
+
+COLONEL G. STERLING RYERSON
+
+Chairman of the General Committee
+
+This meeting to-day is held to commemorate the death of a brave and wise
+man who died in the defence of his country. It is not a pean of victory
+we sing but a requiem. We are not here to glorify war; nor is our object
+to exult over our brave but defeated adversary. Rather is it an occasion
+when Canadians should pause and look back over the past and give praise
+to God that in the days of stress and storm He raised up great, good and
+brave men who were willing and able to fight for their king and country
+in order that they might enjoy civil and religious liberty under the
+British flag, and that they might hand down to their posterity a fair
+and goodly heritage which they had won from the primeval forests by
+their labour and sacrifices. The United Empire Loyalists came to this
+country not as those who desired to better their condition in life, nor
+were they possessed by land hunger, nor by ideas of political and social
+aggrandisement. They came solely because of their devotion to the
+British Crown and Constitution, and because they preferred to live in
+peace and poverty under a monarchical Government rather than in wealth
+and discord under republican institutions. It was to these men that
+Brock appealed, nor did he appeal in vain when war was declared. It was
+on July 27th, 1812, that in reply to an address from the Assembly of
+Upper Canada he said:
+
+     "Gentlemen: When invaded by an enemy whose avowed object is the
+     entire conquest of the Province, the voice of loyalty as well as of
+     interest calls aloud to every person in the sphere in which he is
+     placed, to defend his country. Our militia have heard the voice and
+     have obeyed it. They have evinced by the promptitude and loyalty of
+     their conduct that they are worthy of the king whom they serve, and
+     of the constitution which they enjoy; and it affords me particular
+     satisfaction, that while I address you as legislators, I speak to
+     men who, in the day of danger, will be ready to assist not only
+     with their counsel, but with arms."
+
+     He concluded as follows: "We are engaged in an awful and eventful
+     contest. By unanimity and despatch in our councils, and by vigour
+     in our operations, we may teach the enemy this lesson, that a
+     country defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to the cause
+     of their king and constitution, can never be conquered."
+
+We know the response, and others who will follow me will speak of it in
+greater detail. With the Canadian poet we can say and sing:
+
+   "We boast not of the victory,
+    But render homage, deep and just,
+    To his and their immortal dust,
+    Who proved so worthy of their trust--
+    No lofty pile nor sculptured bust
+      Can herald their degree.
+
+   "No tongue need blazon forth their fame--
+    The cheers that stir the sacred hill
+    Are but the promptings of the will
+    That conquered then, that conquers still;
+    And generations yet shall thrill
+      At Brock's remembered name."
+
+Nor must it be supposed that the United Empire Loyalists and their
+children were the only men who responded to Brock's call to arms. Our
+gallant French-Canadian compatriots were not a whit behind in their
+hearty response. Coming from a brave and adventurous race, they
+performed deeds of valour and endurance equal to the best in the defence
+of our country. The hardy Highlanders of Glengarry, too, were rallied to
+the flag by the Macdonells. Not the least active among these Scottish
+Roman Catholic Loyalists was the Rev. Alexander Macdonell, a priest who
+afterwards became the "Good Bishop," a brave and loyal man whose
+country's welfare was ever near to his heart. Another Macdonell, George,
+was second in command of the Glengarry Regiment, and still another,
+Colonel John Macdonell, was aide-de-camp to Brock in addition to being
+Attorney-General of the Province. He, alas, lost his life in his gallant
+efforts to second his chief at this battle which we commemorate to-day.
+Scotsmen are ever brave and loyal, and we have in the Scottish
+population of the country an element on whom we can rely in time of
+danger.
+
+Let us not forget that we owe not a little to our Indian allies in the
+War of 1812. Tecumseh and Brant played great parts. Nor was Brock
+niggardly in his praise. After the fall of Detroit he says in his
+despatch to the Governor-General:
+
+     "The conduct of the Indians, under Colonel Elliot, Captain McKee
+     and other officers of the department, joined to that of the gallant
+     and brave of their respective tribes, has since the commencement of
+     the war been marked with acts of true heroism, and in nothing can
+     they testify more strongly their love for their King, their great
+     Father, than in following the dictates of honour and humanity by
+     which they have hitherto been actuated."
+
+Why do we single out Brock as a hero among so many who have rendered
+good service to the country? I think that it is because he was a man of
+loyalty, vigour, energy and administrative ability; because he was the
+embodiment of the patriotism and loyalty of the people; because he had
+within him the power to inspire others with the spirit of patriotism and
+self-sacrifice; and above and beyond all, it is due to his efforts, and
+to the spirit of resistance and Imperialism to which he gave form and
+substance, that Canada to-day is an integral part of the British Empire,
+and a daughter nation within that great galaxy of the nations known as
+the British Empire.
+
+What does it mean to be a British citizen? What benefits accrue to us by
+having this status? Are not the paths of the sea open to us and to our
+commerce by the grace of the British navy? Can we not go to all parts of
+the world as individuals, knowing that the Union Jack protects us? Is it
+a small privilege to share in the brave deeds of the British army? Are
+we not proud of our common literature, and are not Shakespeare and
+Milton and Tennyson our very own? Not borrowed plumes we are wearing,
+but our own. And are not the benefits of British civil, religious and
+political liberty ours also? Is not British justice and administration
+of the law something to be proud of and to be thankful for? What should
+we do to maintain our status as a partner, a full partner, in the
+Imperial concern? Is it not our bounden duty to contribute directly to
+the support of the British navy? Are we to lag behind the other
+self-governing nations of the Empire in this essential duty? A thousand
+times No! A Government which will subscribe twenty-five millions of
+dollars for this purpose, and at once, can go to the polls in perfect
+confidence when their time comes to ask the people for their verdict.
+
+Some good people seem to think that the time of universal peace is at
+hand. One has only to look at the state of affairs in Europe on this
+very day, to perceive how far we are removed from the millennium. In
+time of peace we must prepare for war; preparation for war is the best
+insurance policy against it. We wish to live at peace with all nations,
+but at all costs and at all hazards we must defend our shores. Universal
+military service is the duty of the Canadian people in the near future.
+The people will be better for it morally and physically. It will surely
+come, for the policy of the future is the maintenance of the integrity
+of the British Empire. We love our country, we believe it has a great
+future; we must make it secure. What says a sweet singer of Canada:
+
+   "O strong hearts guarding the birthright of our glory,
+      Worth your best blood this heritage ye guard:
+    Those mighty streams resplendent with story,
+      These iron coasts by rage of seas unjarred--
+    What fields of peace these bulwarks well secure:
+      What vales of plenty these calm floods supply:
+    Shall not our love this rough, sweet land make sure,
+      Her bounds preserve inviolate, though we die:
+        O strong hearts of the North
+        Let flame your loyalty forth,
+    And put the craven and the base to open shame
+    Till earth shall know the Child of Nations by her Name."
+
+
+MR. ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, M.P.
+
+Toronto
+
+We have gathered here to-day as Canadians to commemorate an event which
+will be ever dear to us and our posterity. One hundred years ago Sir
+Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper Canada, died in battle upon this field in
+defence of his country and the flag. In the past we have learned and
+heard altogether too little of this truly great man, and of what he
+accomplished; it is not too much to say that he preserved Canada to the
+Empire and at the same time created a national sentiment in Canada which
+has ever grown and expanded to the present day. The national importance
+of the battle of Queenston Heights, following the capitulation of
+Detroit, cannot be over-estimated; national sentiment or a feeling of
+nationhood was even then manifesting itself in this young colony. The
+peoples who had settled in Canada sprang from races which had always
+stood out strongly for national identity--the English glory in their
+historic past; the Scottish race, to which my forefathers belonged and
+which to some extent I represent, on this occasion, are noted for their
+love of country; and so with the other races which made up the United
+Empire Loyalist settlers of Upper Canada at the time of the War of
+1812-14. Our national heart was created and stirred in this century-old
+war, and the heartbeats have ever become stronger down to this day, and
+we now look back through the mists of one hundred years to Sir Isaac
+Brock as the first true source of national sentiment which fertilized
+our country, and stamped it as British and Canadian forever.
+
+Our object in coming here to-day, after we have enjoyed one hundred
+years of blessed peace with our neighbours to the south, is not to
+perpetuate national hostility, or even to cherish a mere military
+spirit; we hope and pray and fully believe that this peace will ever
+exist between us and our American brothers. Our object in coming here
+to-day is to honour the name and memory of one who was chiefly
+instrumental in bringing about that blessed peace, and in preserving our
+country to enjoy it; and in the name of peace we say that the ground
+upon which we stand to-day is consecrated and distinguished by the
+valour of our soldier hero, who gave up his life on this spot in the
+first great battle of the War of 1812 to purchase that peace which a
+grateful country has ever since enjoyed.
+
+[Illustration: ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, ESQ., K.C., M.P., ADDRESSING THE
+GATHERING.]
+
+This monument under which we stand is a fit emblem of everlasting peace
+and at the same time it fittingly commemorates the glorious death of the
+man in memory of whom it was raised. We Canadians should ever be
+grateful to Divine Providence for having favoured us with such an able
+civil and military chief, because Brock was both the chief executive in
+our civil affairs and Commander-in-Chief of the forces. As Administrator
+of the Province of Upper Canada he was able and prudent; as
+Commander-in-Chief he was experienced and fearless. It remained,
+however, for the great chief Tecumseh to read the true character of the
+man as man. When they first met, Tecumseh turned to his fellow chiefs
+and allies, and, pointing to Brock, who stood by him, said, "This is a
+man!" The correctness of this opinion was borne out in both the life and
+death of Brock.
+
+Our hero was ever dutiful. He always performed his duty and saw that
+others did likewise. The performance of duty was ever uppermost in his
+mind, and his ideals were always high, his aspirations noble. Permit me
+to quote here one of his first General Orders issued to the troops
+immediately upon his taking the field on the 4th of July, 1812:
+
+     "The Major-General calls the serious attention of every militiaman
+     to the efforts making by the enemy to destroy and lay waste this
+     flourishing country; they must be sensible of the great stake they
+     have to contend for and will, by their conduct, convince the enemy
+     that they are not desirous of bowing their necks to a foreign yoke.
+     The Major-General is determined to devote his best energies to the
+     defence of the country, and has no doubt that, supported by the
+     zeal, activity and determination of the loyal inhabitants of this
+     Province, he will successfully repel every hostile attack, and
+     preserve to them inviolate all that they hold dear."
+
+The result of the war proves how well Brock himself lived up to these
+sentiments.
+
+Let us always remember that the War of 1812 was not of our making. On
+the 18th of June, 1812, President Madison declared war against Great
+Britain, with Canada as the point of attack. The "Right of Search," the
+power to search for contraband or for deserters on board of American
+ships, was claimed by Britain, but was resisted by the United States.
+Strange to say, this claim was abandoned by Great Britain the very day
+before war was declared by President Madison, yet the war was declared
+and went on. It will be readily seen that Canada had absolutely nothing
+to do with this war or its alleged cause, the "Right of Search"; and
+yet, in making this war on Canada, the United States placed itself on
+record as approving a forcible invasion of a neighbouring peaceful
+country and of involving it in all the horrors of war. At that time the
+United States had eight million people, Upper Canada had barely eighty
+thousand. At the very outset the Americans placed upon a war footing one
+hundred and seventy-five thousand men, whereas there were less than ten
+thousand men of all kinds capable of bearing arms in Upper Canada. These
+figures give us an idea of the very great disparity both in numbers and
+fighting strength between the two peoples so far as we in Upper Canada
+were concerned. During the two and a half years of the war there were no
+less than twelve separate and distinct invasions of Canada, and
+fifty-six military and naval engagements, the great majority of which
+were won by our forces. While Brock lived his genius and spirit guided
+and inspired the defence of the country, and after his death his noble
+example and the preparations he had made for war during his life
+encouraged and enabled the people to repel the invader.
+
+Under the guise of strict discipline and the grim visage of a soldier
+and fighting man, Isaac Brock possessed a warm human heart; he was ever
+solicitous for the comfort and well-being of his people and especially
+of his militia soldiers, and on every occasion consistent with the
+safety of the Province he relaxed the rigours of war and would permit
+the militia to return to their homes and farms. This is evidenced by
+many of his Militia General Orders. An extract from Militia General
+Orders of 26th of August, 1812, immediately after the capture of
+Detroit, reads as follows:
+
+     "Major-General Brock has ever felt anxious to study the comforts
+     and conveniences of the militia, but the conduct of the detachments
+     which lately accompanied him to Detroit has if possible increased
+     his anxiety on this subject. The present cessation of hostilities
+     enables him to dispense with the services of a large proportion of
+     them for a short period."
+
+We very naturally ask ourselves who these troops were for whose welfare
+General Brock was always so solicitous. There were of course some
+British regular troops in Canada, noticeably the Forty-ninth, Brock's
+own regiment, but during the earlier stages of the war, and while Brock
+lived, the men of the Province, militia and yeomanry, had to be relied
+upon mainly; these chiefly were the men of the York, Glengarry, Norfolk
+and other militia regiments; every loyal man capable of bearing arms in
+the Province turned out to fight, or to help those who fought. The York
+and Glengarry militia served with great distinction, and I may perhaps
+be permitted to refer to the fact that forty-three gentlemen of my own
+name and family connection held commissions in the various regiments in
+that war. In connection with this I might further mention a somewhat
+curious incident. My own grandfather, Colonel Alexander Macdonell, was
+taken prisoner by the Americans at the Battle of Niagara, and was
+confined as a prisoner at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in the very same
+prison in which his own father, Captain Allan Macdonell, had been
+confined by the Revolutionary States as a prisoner of war during the
+Revolutionary War, 1776-83.
+
+Now, happily, all is peace; we have enjoyed one hundred years of peace
+and we thank Divine Providence for it. We have had preserved to us by
+Brock and those who fought and fell with him a rich kingdom; we possess
+it in peace and happiness and great prosperity. This is an age of peace,
+and in this age and generation it is fit that we should advance all the
+works and arts of peace; a very great trust in this respect has been
+handed down to us and confided to our safe keeping. In these days of our
+prosperity we must protect and defend and develop this great country,
+this rich heritage which the heroism of our forefathers has preserved to
+us. We must not only conserve it, but we must better it and develop it,
+and make useful to man all these possessions which have been given us.
+Our ideals and ambitions must always be high, and if we find ourselves
+faltering let us look upon this splendid monument and think of the hero
+in honour of whom it was raised; and let us at all times remember that
+now as in 1812 in unity we possess our strength; we must become one
+people if we are to be a great people, with one great common country. We
+have many Provinces but only one Canada.
+
+It has been well said by one of Brock's biographers that "it remains for
+the youth of Canada to profoundly cherish the memory of Isaac Brock and
+to never lose an opportunity to follow the example set for them by his
+splendid deeds." It has also been truly said that "he fell ere he saw
+the star of his country rise," and, although the sky over this
+battlefield upon which his eyes closed forever one hundred years ago was
+cloudy and overcast, yet because he lived and died those who came after
+him enjoy the cloudless sunshine of peace and happiness.
+
+Brock's family motto was "He who guards never sleeps." We know how
+faithfully he guarded and safeguarded his country in life, and let us
+pray that in death under this monument he sleeps well.
+
+
+HON. DR. R. A. PYNE
+
+Minister of Education, Ontario
+
+I have a great deal of pleasure in being present here to-day on this
+historic spot, and am deeply sensible of the honour conferred upon me in
+asking me to represent the Government of Ontario on this occasion.
+
+We are meeting here to-day to commemorate the deeds of a great man who
+passed away in his effort to save this part of the world for the British
+Empire. We must remember that at the time of the battle this part of the
+world was a wilderness, and Sir Isaac Brock's wonderful capabilities
+enabled him to consolidate the people of this sparsely settled country,
+not forgetting our dear old friends the Indians. With a handful of
+people, as compared with the country to the south of us, he made a
+gallant defence, and, as I said, retained this part of the world for the
+British Empire. He was not only a great soldier, but a diplomat and a
+statesman, and whatever his vision may have been one hundred years ago,
+everyone will agree with me that it was of such a character that he
+retained one of the best and finest parts of the world for Great
+Britain.
+
+Let me say a word regarding the loyalty, the love of home and patriotism
+that existed at that time on this field of battle, and it might be
+asked, what are we doing to-day to create a sentiment of patriotism and
+loyalty to our country and flag? Let me contrast the efforts made in
+Canada to create a patriotic and national sentiment as compared with the
+country to the south of us. Just here let me tell you a short story
+regarding what occurred to myself in the city of Detroit some years ago,
+before I was a member of the Legislative Assembly or had any thought of
+public life. I have always remembered it with the keenest appreciation
+of the great work in which the people to the south of us are engaged,
+inculcating in the youth of the country a loyal and patriotic sentiment.
+I was in Detroit on a school _fête_ day when the children of each school
+were marshalled together for a march past the Detroit City Hall, where
+they had a large picture of the President surrounded by their national
+flag, the Stars and Stripes. As each school reached the entrance to the
+City Hall the scholars halted, saluted, and gave three cheers. To a
+little urchin on the street near me who was selling papers I said, "Why
+do they stop and cheer?" He replied, "They are cheering for the old flag
+which we call 'Old Glory,' and, sir, let me tell you that is the flag
+that was never licked!" I possibly did not agree with the accuracy of
+his history, but I realized the sentiment that had been created in that
+youngster's mind, a sentiment of loyalty and patriotism no doubt
+inculcated in his mind at school.
+
+You may reasonably ask, "What are we doing to create a sentiment of
+loyalty and patriotism in this country?" and I may say that we have
+succeeded in placing the Union Jack, the flag of civilization, over
+every rural school in the Province of Ontario. I am also reminded of
+what took place the other day in the State of New Jersey, and as you are
+a reading people, this episode would not pass unnoticed by you--it
+appeared in all of the papers of last week. A boy attending a high
+school in the State of New Jersey was asked, as is their custom Monday
+morning, to salute the flag and to announce allegiance to the United
+States. The boy stated that he had no objection to salute the flag, but
+he could not give his allegiance to the United States as he was a
+British subject. Mr. President, I find that the State regulations of New
+Jersey call upon every scholar in their schools to salute the flag on
+each Monday morning and to declare their allegiance to the United
+States. This boy, being a British subject, could not conform to that
+part of the regulations, and was dismissed from the school. What would
+our people think of a regulation of that kind? I leave it for your
+meditation.
+
+I hope and trust this meeting will be an inspiration that will extend
+all over this Dominion of Canada, and that some definite and proper way
+shall be found to commemorate the deeds of our ancestors and those great
+heroes whose efforts we to-day jubilate in this part of Canada,
+realizing the great heritage that has become ours through the agency of
+those great men who have passed away. May Canada always remain a
+part--and by the Almighty's help I believe it will always remain a
+part--of the British Empire.
+
+Mr. President, let me congratulate the Historical Societies, the
+volunteers and cadets here assembled for bringing about this wonderful
+meeting, which I trust will have an influence in making this an annual
+celebration for all time to come.
+
+
+COLONEL GEORGE T. DENISON
+
+Toronto
+
+It is a great satisfaction to me to be here to-day and to know that so
+many patriotic societies and organizations have clubbed together to
+commemorate so splendidly the one hundredth anniversary of the notable
+victory gained upon this field.
+
+The great, virile nations of the world have always commemorated the
+brave deeds and victories of their fathers. The Romans did everything in
+their power to inspire their young men with love of country by relating
+stories of their glorious past. Some of them were evidently legends, but
+they all tended to create and instil a pure national spirit.
+
+For five hundred years after Marathon the Athenians commemorated the
+glorious victory won against overwhelming odds. The Spartans never
+forgot the death of Leonidas and his three hundred brave, unflinching
+followers, who died for the honour of their country at Thermopylæ.
+Pausanias the historian was able to read six hundred years after upon a
+column erected to their memory in Sparta, the names of the three hundred
+Spartans who had died with their king in that fight.
+
+In Russia also the same spirit of reverence for their great heroes has
+always shown itself. Dimitry saved Russia by a great victory over the
+Tartars in 1380. Over five hundred years have elapsed, but still the
+name of Dimitry Donskoi lives in the memory and the songs of the Russian
+people, and still on "Dimitry's Saturday," the anniversary of the
+battle, prayers are offered up in memory of the brave men who fell on
+that day in defence of their country.
+
+Switzerland is another example of the patriotism of a free people. They
+won their freedom by three great victories won against overwhelming odds
+at Morgarten, Sempach and Naefels. Naefels was the final victory, and
+every year the people commemorate the great event. In solemn procession
+the people revisit the battlefield and the Landamman tells the fine old
+story of their deliverance from foreign rule. The five hundredth
+anniversary was celebrated in 1888, and people from all parts of
+Switzerland flocked to participate in the patriotic and religious
+services. This national spirit has kept Switzerland free although
+surrounded by great powers. Her children are all trained as soldiers in
+their public schools, and compulsory training of all their youth is
+rigidly enforced. We could learn a lesson from them in this.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of
+Education, Toronto.
+
+James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of
+Schools, Toronto.
+
+Colonel George T. Denison,
+Toronto.
+
+SPEAKERS OF THE DAY]
+
+Canada has shown the same virile spirit as other great nations, and we
+may take pride in the way in which our people have recognized what they
+owe to General Brock and the men who fought with him on this field one
+hundred years ago. This spot has seen several inspiring demonstrations.
+
+Brock and Macdonell had been buried in Fort George in 1812. In 1824
+their remains were removed and buried again under the first monument
+here. In 1824 there were no railways, practically no steamers, and the
+population of the Province was very small, and yet in the funeral
+cortege there were 560 men on horseback, 285 carriages and wagons, and
+thousands of persons on foot, in all estimated at about ten thousand
+people, who followed the remains the seven miles from Niagara to this
+place. That was a remarkable tribute to the memory of the great general.
+
+In 1840 the monument was blown up on Good Friday by an Irish rebel or
+Fenian named Benjamin Lett. This aroused intense indignation throughout
+the Province, and a great demonstration was organized to arrange for
+building a new monument on a grander scale. The meeting was held in
+July, 1840, and a great number of the foremost men in public life
+attended. Ten steamers, all crowded with people, moved up the river in
+procession. About eight thousand persons were present. A new monument
+was decided upon and it is here above us now. It is a wonderful monument
+to have been erected by a small community when there was very little
+wealth in the country. This monument is as a column the finest and
+grandest I have seen. I put it far above the column to Alexander I. in
+front of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. It is about forty feet
+higher than the one to Nelson in Trafalgar Square. The National German
+Monument in the Neiderwald does not strike me as being so impressive.
+
+In 1859, on the anniversary of the battle, there was another great
+gathering here for the inauguration of the monument. I was here with a
+detachment of my corps and there were a great many other detachments and
+people, and about two hundred of the old veterans of the war who came
+again to do honour to their dead chief. In the following year the late
+King was visiting Canada, and naturally he came here to do honour to the
+memory of the great general and to meet the surviving veterans of the
+war. There was another great demonstration and I was there on that
+occasion also. Could anything show more clearly the deep hold that
+General Brock had on the affection and memory of the Canadian people
+than these repeated gatherings? And now, after another fifty-two years,
+there is this splendid demonstration of respect and gratitude. I am
+proud that our people have done their duty to-day, and I hope that our
+action will inspire our children a hundred years hence to commemorate
+the great event. I make no apologies for coming here to glory over the
+victory. Brock died on this field and our fathers fought here that we
+should be a free and independent people, and we have enjoyed that
+position for a hundred years, thanks to their efforts. How can we use
+that freedom better, than in testifying in the heartiest manner our
+gratitude and appreciation for the priceless boon which we owe to those
+who then won it for us!
+
+[Illustration: J. A. MACDONELL, K.C., GLENGARRY, ADDRESSING THE
+GATHERING.
+
+Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. George Sterling Ryerson, Dr. James L. Hughes,
+Col. George T. Denison, Major W. Napier Keefer (next right of speaker),
+Major Gordon J. Smith, Dr. Charles F. Durand.]
+
+
+MR. J. A. MACDONELL, K.C.
+
+Glengarry, Ontario
+
+Permit me to express on behalf of the members of this generation of the
+family to which the former Attorney-General Macdonell belonged, my warm
+appreciation of the honour which was done to that gentleman's memory, by
+the invitation which in terms so generous and complimentary and so
+appreciative of his services, was extended to me as the representative
+of his family, to be present on this most interesting occasion as the
+special guest of your Committee.
+
+We are assembled here to-day to commemorate the Centennial Anniversary
+of the death of Sir Isaac Brock, to give evidence that we Canadians hold
+in grateful remembrance the inestimable services which he rendered to
+our country, and to record it as our firm and solemn conviction that it
+is to that illustrious man of glorious memory we owe the preservation of
+this country, our connection with the Motherland and those British
+institutions which it is our happiness now to enjoy.
+
+It was indeed a privilege for any man to have served under Sir Isaac
+Brock, to have been in any way associated with him, and more especially
+to have been placed in a position whereby he was enabled to second his
+indomitable efforts. It was the good fortune of Attorney-General
+Macdonell to have been associated with him in a threefold capacity.
+First he was connected with him by the most intimate ties of private
+friendship, for there existed between them the most perfect confidence
+and a mutual regard, amounting, as is frequently the case with men of
+generous impulse, to personal affection. Then as Attorney-General of the
+Province and chief law adviser of the Crown, he was the trusted legal
+adviser of General Brock in his capacity of President of the Council of
+the Province, and although but a young man he was equal to the
+exigencies of that critical period.
+
+Upon the declaration of war, the House of Assembly was hastily convened
+in extra session on the 27th July, when General Brock, in the Speech
+from the Throne, made use of those ever-memorable words: "We are engaged
+in an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and despatch in our
+councils and by vigour in our operations we will teach the enemy this
+lesson: that a country defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to
+the cause of their King and Constitution, can never be conquered." But
+the House proved recalcitrant, and refused to comply with Brock's
+request to suspend the Habeas Corpus Act. It was the Attorney-General
+who solved the difficulty by giving it as his legal opinion that
+Major-General Brock, as Administrator of the Province, under the
+authority of his Commission from the King, had the power to dissolve the
+House and proclaim martial law, and that under the circumstances it was
+his duty to do so. This opinion was concurred in by his colleagues in
+the Government, and, accordingly, the Government as such tendered it as
+their unanimous advice to the Administrator, who immediately acted upon
+it, and thereby saved the country.
+
+As a consequence of this drastic measure, the three leaders of the
+Opposition in the Legislature--Joseph Willcocks, Benjamin Mallory and
+Abraham Markle--who had been chiefly instrumental up to this time in
+thwarting all Brock's efforts, immediately fled to the United States,
+with which they had long been in traitorous intercourse, and where all
+their sympathies lay, Willcocks being eventually killed at the battle
+of Fort Erie, in 1814, in command of an American regiment, and Mallory
+serving throughout the war as a major in the same corps.
+
+This measure enabled Brock also to deal summarily with their disloyal
+partisans and followers, much more numerous and infinitely more
+dangerous than is now generally supposed. He immediately issued a
+proclamation ordering all persons suspected of conniving with the enemy
+to be apprehended, and treated according to law. Those who had not taken
+the oath of allegiance were ordered to do so or leave the Province; many
+were sent out of the country; large numbers left of their own accord;
+those who refused to take the oath or to take up arms to defend the
+country, and remained in the Province after a given date, were declared
+to be enemies and spies, and were treated accordingly; a large number of
+this disloyal element were arrested and imprisoned early in the war, as
+on the day of the Battle of Queenston Heights the jail and Court House
+at Niagara as well as the blockhouse at Fort George were filled with
+political prisoners, over three hundred aliens and traitors being in
+custody, some of whom were tried and sentenced to death, while others
+were sent to Quebec for imprisonment.
+
+This pressing and important business having been accomplished, General
+Brock entered actively upon his campaign, and determined upon offensive
+measures by an assault upon Detroit. Colonel Macdonell accompanied him
+as his military secretary and aide-de-camp. When the American, General
+Hull, in command of a greatly superior force and in possession of a
+strongly fortified position, on the 16th August proposed a cessation of
+hostilities with a view to his surrender, it was Colonel Macdonell whom
+General Brock entrusted with the delicate and important task of
+preparing the terms of capitulation. He returned within an hour with
+the conditions, which were immediately confirmed by General Brock,
+whereby Fort Detroit with 59,700 square miles of American territory--the
+whole State of Michigan--was surrendered. 2,500 officers and men became
+prisoners of war, and 2,500 stand of arms, thirty-three pieces of
+cannon, the _Adams_ brig-of-war, and stores and munitions of war to the
+value of £40,000, all so sorely needed by the Canadian militia, were
+handed over to the British Commander.
+
+General Brock in his despatch to the Home Government announcing the
+capture of Detroit, and which was published in a Gazette Extraordinary
+in London on the 6th October, with characteristic generosity bore
+testimony to the services of his friend in the following terms: "In the
+attainment of this important point gentlemen of the first character and
+influence showed an example highly creditable to them, and I cannot on
+this occasion avoid mentioning the essential assistance I derived from
+John Macdonell, Esquire, His Majesty's Attorney-General, who from the
+beginning of the war has honoured me with his services as my Provincial
+Aide-de-Camp."
+
+Brock's biographer and nephew, Mr. Ferdinand Brock Tupper, graphically
+tells the end of them both, almost upon the spot upon which we now
+stand. After mention of the hasty gallop from Fort George, at dawn on
+the 13th October, when it was found that the Americans had during the
+night passed over the Niagara River and succeeded in gaining the crest
+of the heights in rear of the battery, and Brock's desperate effort to
+dislodge them, he goes on to say: "The Americans now opened a heavy fire
+of musketry, and, conspicuous from his dress, his height, and the
+enthusiasm with which he animated his little band, the British commander
+was soon singled out, and he fell about an hour after his arrival, the
+fatal bullet entering his right breast and passing through his left
+side. He lived only long enough to request that his fall might not be
+noticed, or prevent the advance of his brave troops. The lifeless body
+was immediately conveyed into a house at Queenston, where it remained
+until the afternoon, unperceived of the enemy. His aide-de-camp,
+Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Attorney-General of Upper Canada--a fine,
+promising young man--was mortally wounded soon after his chief, and died
+the next day, at the early age of twenty-seven years. Although one
+bullet had passed through his body, and he was wounded in four places,
+yet he survived twenty hours, and during a period of excruciating agony
+his thoughts and words were constantly occupied in lamentations for his
+deceased commander and friend. He fell while gallantly charging, with
+the hereditary courage of his race, up the hill with 190 men, chiefly of
+the York Volunteers, by which charge the enemy was compelled to spike
+the eighteen-pounders in the battery there; and his memory will be
+cherished as long as courage and devotion are reverenced in the
+Province."
+
+General Sheaffe, who succeeded General Brock upon the death of the
+latter, in his despatch announcing the victory which eventually crowned
+our arms, thus couples their names: ". . . No officer was killed besides
+Major-General Brock, one of the most gallant and zealous officers in His
+Majesty's service, whose loss cannot be too much deplored, and
+Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp, whose gallantry
+and merit rendered him worthy of his chief."
+
+The Prince Regent thus acknowledged the communication through the
+Governor-General, by whom it had been forwarded: "His Royal Highness,
+the Prince Regent, is fully aware of the severe loss which His Majesty's
+service has experienced in the death of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock.
+This would have been sufficient to have clouded a victory of much
+greater importance. His Majesty has lost in him not only an able and
+meritorious officer, but one who, in the exercise of his functions of
+Provisional Lieutenant-Governor of the Province, displayed qualities
+admirably adapted to awe the disloyal, to reconcile the wavering, and to
+animate the great mass of the inhabitants against successive attempts of
+the enemy to invade the Province, in the last of which he unhappily
+fell, too prodigal of that life of which his eminent services had taught
+us to understand the value. His Royal Highness has also been pleased to
+express his regret at the loss which the Province must experience in the
+death of the Attorney-General, Mr. Macdonell, whose zealous co-operation
+with Sir Isaac Brock will reflect lasting honour on his memory." In
+communicating the above to the father of the Attorney-General,
+Lieutenant-Colonel Coffin, P.A.D.C., under date York, March 20th, 1813,
+stated by command of His Honour the President that "it would doubtless
+afford some satisfaction to all the members of the family to which the
+late Attorney-General was so great an ornament to learn that his merit
+has been recognized even by the Royal Personage who wields the sceptre
+of the British Empire, and on which His Honour commands me to declare
+his personal gratification."
+
+No medal was struck for Queenston Heights, but when some time afterwards
+the rewards for the capture of Detroit were distributed, gold medals
+were deposited by the Sovereign with the families of Major-General Brock
+and Colonel Macdonell, and the King stated in each instance that it was
+done "in token of the respect which His Majesty entertains for the
+memory of that officer."
+
+The graciously worded despatch of the Prince Regent mentioned the only
+fault of Sir Isaac Brock. Like Nelson he was too prodigal of his life;
+but as, alike by his services and his glorious death, Nelson became the
+hero and the idol of the British people, so by his services and his
+death Brock became for all time the hero of the people of this
+Province, and his memory will never die. Although he had served ten
+years in Canada, he had held his position as Administrator of Upper
+Canada but a few days over a year; yet that short time was sufficient to
+obtain for his name immortality, so long as the English language can
+narrate what in that brief period he accomplished, and hold forth for
+succeeding generations of British subjects in Canada and throughout the
+Empire the bright example of his genius and his gallantry, and the
+indomitable spirit with which he contended and overcame difficulties,
+apparently insurmountable, and which were sufficient to appal a heart
+even as stout and to tax to the uttermost a mind as versatile and
+resourceful as his.
+
+Under this stately column he found a fitting tomb, and the ardent young
+friend, Glengarry's representative, who fell with him, lies beside him.
+
+
+DR. JAMES L. HUGHES
+
+Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto
+
+I had the honour of requesting the Hon. Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education,
+to call the attention of the School Boards of Ontario to the importance
+of celebrating the hundredth anniversary of the victory so gallantly won
+on these heights, and of paying due tribute to the brave men and women
+who so nobly and heroically struggled to preserve for us the blessings
+of British liberty, and of unity with our motherland. To these men and
+women of firm faith and strong heart we give gratitude and reverence
+to-day, and especially to the statesman and hero who at the foot of
+these heights died a hundred years ago while leading Canadian volunteers
+to drive back invaders who without just cause had dared to come to
+Canada with the avowed purpose of forcibly taking possession of our
+country.
+
+In the judgment of the committee that arranged for the celebration of
+the glorious deeds of our early history, it is most important that
+Canadian children should be trained to revere the memories of the great
+and true men and women of one hundred years ago, and to rejoice because
+of the victories won by them for freedom and for imperial unity.
+
+There are men who have written to the newspapers objecting to the course
+we adopted. They seem to think it improper to let our children know that
+our country was ever in danger, and that it was saved by the unselfish
+devotion and the brave deeds of our ancestors. However, in spite of
+their protests, based on weak and unpatriotic sentiment, we intend to
+teach young Canadians to remember the patriotism and valour of the
+founders and defenders of Canada, and to train them to become worthy
+successors to the men and women who made such sacrifices for them.
+
+We have no wish to fill the hearts of the pupils in our schools with
+animosity towards the great nation whose fertile fields and happy homes
+we see beyond the great river that separates it from our own fair land.
+We wish to develop in our children a spirit that will lead them to say
+to the people across our borderland not "Hands off Canada," but "Hands
+together to achieve for God and for humanity the highest and broadest
+and truest ideals that have been revealed to the Anglo-Saxon race."
+
+We do not wish to make our children quarrelsome or offensive, but we do
+wish them to be patriotic Canadians, full of loyalty to their flag,
+their Empire, and their King. We wish them to understand what their
+predecessors did in order that they may have faith in themselves and in
+their country; and we intend that they shall learn the achievements of
+the past in order that they may have a true basis for their own manhood
+and womanhood. True reverence for courage and self-sacrifice, fidelity
+to principle, and devotion to home and country in time of need, is a
+fundamental element of strong, true character. The facts of history may
+have little influence in developing character, but the noble deeds of
+our ancestors performed for high purposes are the surest sources for the
+development of the strong and true emotions that make human character
+vital instead of inert. Emotions form the battery power of character,
+and among the emotions that give strength and virility and beauty to
+character, reverence for the dead who wisely struggled and nobly
+achieved, is surely one of the most productive of dignified and
+transforming character.
+
+The history of the past is valuable chiefly for the opportunities it
+gives to be stirred to deep, true enthusiasm for heroism, for honour,
+for patriotism, for love of freedom, for devotion to duty, and for
+sublime self-sacrifice for high ideals. Whatever else we may neglect in
+the training of the young, I trust we shall never fail to fill their
+hearts with profound reverence for the men and women of the past to whom
+they owe so much.
+
+We should teach other lessons from the War of 1812. We should fill each
+child's life with a splendid courage that can never be dismayed, by
+telling how a few determined settlers scattered widely over a new
+country successfully repelled invading armies coming from a country with
+a population twenty-fold larger. We should teach reverence not only for
+manhood but for womanhood by recounting the terrible hardships endured
+willingly by Canadian women generally, as well as by proudly relating
+the noble work done by individual women, of whom Laura Secord was so
+conspicuous an example.
+
+A certain class of thoughtless people call us "flag-wavers" if we strive
+to give our young people a true conception of the value of national
+life, and of their duty to have a true love for their country and for
+their Empire. If a flag-waver means one who is proud of a noble
+ancestry, and determined to prove worthy of the race from which he
+sprung; one who knows that his forefathers gave a wider meaning to
+freedom, and who intends to perpetuate liberty and aid in giving it a
+still broader and higher value; one who is grateful because his Empire
+represents the grandest revelation of unity yet made known to humanity
+and who accepts this revelation as a sacred trust, then I am a
+flag-waver, and I shall make every boy and girl whom I can ever
+influence a flag-waver who loves his flag and waves it because it
+represents freedom, and honour, and justice, and truth, and unity, and a
+glorious history, the most triumphantly progressive that has been
+achieved by any nation in the development of the world.
+
+We do well to celebrate the great deeds of the men and women of a
+hundred years ago, and teach our children to give them reverence, but it
+is far more important for us to consider what the people a hundred years
+hence will think of us than to glorify the triumphs of a hundred years
+ago. The work of the world is not done. Evolution to higher ideals goes
+ever on. Each succeeding generation has greater responsibilities and
+higher duties than the one that preceded it. The greatest lesson we can
+learn from the past is that we should prove true to the opportunities of
+our time; that we should with unselfish motive and undaunted hearts
+accept the responsibilities that come to us as partners in our
+magnificent Empire, and share in the achievement of greater triumphs for
+freedom and justice than have ever been recorded in the past.
+
+Inspired by the records of such men as Brock, at the foot of whose
+monument we stand to-day and look with reminiscent glance over the
+marvellous progress of a hundred glorious years, let us determine that
+we shall do our part to make the coming century more fruitful than the
+past.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians,
+Grand River Reserve.
+
+Captain Charles R. McCullough,
+Hamilton, Ont.
+
+Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation
+Indians, Toronto.
+
+SPEAKERS OF THE DAY.]
+
+
+CHIEF A. G. SMITH
+
+Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve
+
+If a Mohawk Chief had in his make-up a particle of timidity I fear that
+your cheering would have frightened or disconcerted me.
+
+Now, contrary to the usual preface to speeches on occasions of this
+nature, let me instead say that my pleasure in addressing you this
+afternoon is not altogether unalloyed, as I look back to the remote
+past, when my ancestors could make or unmake nations on this continent;
+their favour was then courted by the different European nations, until
+finally they entered into an alliance or treaty with the military
+authorities of the British nation, and which the Six Nations has ever
+held inviolate.
+
+They, however, in my humble opinion, made a serious mistake in taking
+sides in the War of American Independence, as their treaty obligations
+only required them to assist the British when attacked by a foreign
+power and not in a case of family quarrel, so they could have
+consistently taken a neutral ground. It is not, however, so surprising
+that they took the step they did when we consider the influences that
+were brought to bear on them and the inducements that were held out to
+them. Consider the influence of Tha-yen-da-ne-gea--Brant, their war
+chief--and their own love of war. War with them was as religion. Add to
+these the influence of Sir William Johnson and others.
+
+And there was the very strong inducement that they would be guaranteed a
+perpetual independence and self-government, and also that they would be
+amply indemnified for any and all losses that they might sustain by
+their services. Now we know that these pledges were not adequately
+fulfilled, yet, notwithstanding this fact, the Six Nations remained
+faithful in their adherence to the British Crown.
+
+And now allow me to come down to the eventful times which more
+immediately concern us this afternoon. Let me at the outset briefly but
+most emphatically assert that in those troublous times no followers of
+the illustrious Brock, whose fall and victory we are this afternoon
+commemorating, fought more bravely than the Six Nations; their very
+admiration of that great and brave general was as a spur to their
+bravery.
+
+I think I may truthfully say that had it not been for the bravery of the
+Six Nations the Union Jack would not to-day be waving over these
+historic heights.
+
+The Six Nations have never had an historian of their own to record the
+brave deeds of valour of their warriors, and therefore get but scant
+justice in the historical records of this country; naturally the
+historians magnify the achievements of their own peoples, while I claim
+that more credit should be given my own people.
+
+Let me instance one or two samples of justice doled out to my people in
+various lines. You know that in Ontario manhood suffrage prevails in
+political elections, so that any foreigner after six months' residence
+can have every privilege of a full citizen, although he may have no
+higher interest in the country than as a place in which to earn his
+bread and butter, and whose ancestors have never shed a drop of blood
+for its retention by Britain, and who himself may never fight in its
+defence, but who may go back to fight his own country's battles, perhaps
+even against Britain.
+
+But the original owners of this country, proved to be men on many a
+battlefield, who fought and won Britain's battles, ceased to be men and
+became minors after the battles were won and British predominance
+secured, and therefore are not allowed men's privileges.
+
+I contend that if Canada is to do justice (and I believe it will) to the
+Six Nations, it will have to give them representation on the floor of
+the House of Commons and also respect the treaty concessions made to
+them, instead of gradually curtailing their tribal rights and
+privileges. These blood-bought rights and privileges are just as dear to
+the Six Nations as similar ones are to any other nation.
+
+I fear, Mr. Chairman, that I have already taken up my allotted time, so
+will refrain from giving all the examples of our loyalty I would have
+liked to present to this vast assemblage. Allow me, however, to say that
+as this is an influential gathering, so I hope that each individual of
+influence will go back to his or her sphere of usefulness and listen to
+the cry for justice on behalf of the Six Nations, fully appreciating the
+fact that it is "up to you" to see to it that justice is done this
+people who have rendered such inestimable service to this country and to
+Britain.
+
+My remarks may not suit everyone, but I cannot help that. I am not
+courting popularity, for I am getting too old for that, and I am
+descended from too long a line of brave warriors to be afraid to speak
+the truth, whether it be pleasant or otherwise.
+
+Thanking you, Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, for the privilege and
+honour of addressing this influential assemblage and for the kind
+hearing and attention accorded to me.
+
+    *    *    *    *    *
+
+[At the conclusion of Chief Smith's speech three rousing warwhoops were
+given, led by Chiefs Johnson and Elliott, and joined in by all present.]
+
+
+WARRIOR F. ONONDEYOH LOFT
+
+Six Nation Indians
+
+We are assembled to-day on this historic spot to commemorate the memory
+of a great soldier, a patriot and renowned son of the Empire of which we
+are a part.
+
+I am pleased to note the presence of so many chiefs and warriors of the
+Six Nations who are here assembled on the basis of one common
+citizenship with you, to join with our white brethren to pay respect and
+homage to the late hero, General Sir Isaac Brock, who offered his life
+as a sacrifice in the cause he so gallantly defended. He was the brave
+leader who led the white man and Indian in the defence of our country,
+our flag, and all that pertained to the maintenance of British
+institutions.
+
+Our act to-day is a noble one. It is of a kind that touches deep down
+into the heart that throbs with affection's glow. It is one worthy of
+emulation by our posterity. We as a people should never lose sight of
+the great importance that must attach to this occasion, and of the duty
+we owe to our children to do all we can to impress their minds with the
+precepts of loyalty to the king and crown, that should be ever steadfast
+and immovable.
+
+As a member of the Six Nations it is not altogether my wish that I
+should be looked upon on this occasion as a mere representative of my
+nation, but rather as a representative of the noble native Indian race
+which has so conspicuously identified itself with British arms at
+critical periods in the history of our fair Dominion.
+
+One hundred years ago our country and people were befogged by conditions
+that were grey and ominous. It was very uncertain as to the part, if
+any, the Indians would take in the impending conflict.
+
+From this spot, almost, General Brock set out for Amherstburg to arrange
+plans of campaign, and there met and shook hands with Tecumseh, this
+patriot Indian giving the assurance to his chief in command of the
+forces that he and his united Indian tribes composed of the Shawanoes,
+Wyandottes, Chippewas, Ottawas, Foxes and others, were ready to go into
+the field of action in defence of the British cause.
+
+Like General Brock, this noble red man, as a leader of his kinsmen, also
+sacrificed his life in the cause of his king and country. And sad is it
+to say that not even a heave of the turf marks his last resting-place.
+
+It is not for me to laud or unduly magnify the important part the
+Indians have played in wars that have marked our country's
+history-making: but should such an emergency again present itself, I
+feel confident that the Indians will never be found wanting.
+
+
+MR. CHARLES R. McCULLOUGH
+
+Honorary President of the Association of Canadian Clubs
+
+I tender my thanks to the Committee for honouring the hundred clubs of
+the Dominion by inviting their honorary president to take part in the
+proceedings of this great day.
+
+The real celebration of the centenary of the battle and the fitting
+remembrance of the hero who gave up his life for Canada one hundred
+years ago, has already taken place in the six thousand schools by six
+hundred thousand scholars of this premier Province of Ontario. By this
+vast army of patriots in the making there has been celebrated within the
+past few days in song and story the splendid heroism of the immortal
+Brock, and the work done by him for our common country a century ago.
+
+In that great work he was nobly seconded by the brilliant young
+Glengarrian Macdonell, who, like his illustrious leader, fell on the
+slope of this sacred hill.
+
+In this dread contest there fought side by side regular soldier and
+militiaman; the noble red man and the freed black man contended against
+a common enemy to that freedom and that constitution that every Briton
+loves so well.
+
+It was indeed a proud thing for Canadians to remember that whilst there
+was a great Imperial officer to lead the little band, close beside him
+in the great struggle there ever stood a valorous Canadian aide-de-camp.
+Yes, for every regular that contended for the maintenance of British law
+and authority in this Canada of ours there were fighting by his side the
+farmer and the tradesman of those heroic days.
+
+Was not this prophetic of that future co-operation between mother and
+daughter states? Was it not full of the deepest meaning for us of the
+twentieth century? Could we not say "Thy people are my people and my
+people thy people"? As in the days of yore, so in these days of Canada's
+abounding prosperity and increasing national greatness, there would be
+found men and means for any national or Imperial emergency that the
+future might have in store for us.
+
+Our magnificently proportioned Canada must have a magnificently
+proportioned soul if she would fulfil her high destiny of eventual
+leadership in the band of sister nations within an Empire indissolubly
+bound by ties of love and sacrifice. In enlarging the soul of our people
+such celebrations as these have their sure and certain part, and the
+thrill of Brock's great name will stir this people's soul so long as
+Canada shall endure.
+
+    *    *    *    *    *
+
+A brief and eloquent speech was also made by Mr. W. M. German, M.P.,
+Welland, Ont.
+
+[Illustration: MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS
+
+Alexander Fraser, LL.D., Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. Geo. S. Ryerson, Miss
+Helen M. Merrill, John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Allen W. Johnston.]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX I.
+
+HIGHLAND HEROES IN THE WAR OF 1812-14[1]
+
+By Dr. Alexander Fraser, Toronto
+
+
+While with a fine sense of fitness the part taken by the men of
+Glengarry, Ontario, in the 1812-14 war is rarely referred to by the
+descendants of those who fought so well and fell for their country, it
+is but meet on a centennial occasion as is now being celebrated that the
+distinguished services of the clansmen should not be forgotten. Much,
+indeed, could be said of the Macdonells, Macdonalds, Macleans,
+MacMillans, Chisholms, Camerons and Grants, as well as of other kindred
+families, who displayed all the ardour of the Highland mountaineer in
+defence of home and country, and who occupied second place then nor
+subsequently when the war-note sounded. These brief lines, however, must
+deal only with Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, who fell mortally
+wounded at Queenston Heights, and whose name cannot be disassociated in
+history from that of Brock, the chief hero of the war.
+
+[Footnote 1: Reprinted from the Toronto _Globe_ and _Mail and Empire_ of
+the 12th of October, 1912.]
+
+The many intermarriages in the course of generations between members of
+different houses of the Glengarry branch of Clan Donald have created
+genealogical intricacies not always threaded by the general reader. The
+identity of Colonel John Macdonell, the Queenston hero, however, need
+never have been in doubt. He was descended from Angus Macdonell of
+Greenfield, a grandson of Ranald, the ninth chief of Glengarry--in
+Gaelic, styled "Mac-ic-Alasdair." The Macdonells of Greenfield are
+nearer the main line of the Glengarry family than the cadet branches of
+Aberchalder, Cullachie and Leek--many of whom settled in Canada, who
+left the parent stock at an earlier period. They might reasonably be
+regarded as representative of all the Glengarry Macdonells of Canada.
+
+Angus Macdonell of Greenfield had one son, Alexander, who came to Canada
+in 1792. He was married in Scotland to a daughter of Alexander Macdonell
+of Aberchalder (Captain 1st Battalion, King's Royal Regiment of New
+York), and among the issue of that marriage were Duncan, who succeeded
+his father, John, who fell with Brock, and Donald, who figured at
+Ogdensburg, 1813.
+
+John Macdonell (Queenston) was born in 1785, in Scotland, and with his
+family came to Canada when seven years of age. In due course he became
+member of the Legislature for Glengarry and Attorney-General for Upper
+Canada. He was a Colonel of Militia, and on the outbreak of the war of
+1812 acted as Military Secretary and Provincial A.D.C. to General Sir
+Isaac Brock. His legal talents were regarded as of high order, and of
+his military abilities Brock entertained a very good opinion indeed. As
+President of the Council and Administrator of Upper Canada, General
+Brock occupied the highest civil position in the Province, and the chief
+military position as General of the forces under his command.
+
+Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, as Attorney-General, filled the next
+highest civil position to Brock in Upper Canada, and, as Military
+Secretary and P.A.D.C., was next highest in importance, if not in rank,
+to his chief in the field. Testimony was warmly borne by some of the
+most capable to judge, of his dominance in the military operations, and
+the subsequent negotiations, at Detroit, and the papers in connection
+therewith, which he is said to have drafted, bear the mark of his
+patriotic and generous mind. The Prince Regent, in expressing his regret
+at the loss which the country must experience by the death of the
+Attorney-General, declared that "his zealous co-operation with Sir Isaac
+Brock would reflect lasting honour on his memory." Like Brock, he died
+unmarried; like him, too, he was engaged to be married at the time of
+his death. His fiancée was Miss Powell, daughter of the Chief Justice.
+
+The story is told that at the commencement of the war, before making his
+will, Colonel Macdonell told Miss Powell that, though he had only a
+little estate to dispose of, about £300 in money, his books, papers and
+personal effects, together with ten acres of land on Church Street,
+Toronto, he wished her to have first choice of either the money and
+effects, or the land, for herself; the other part to go to a relative.
+She chose the money and the personalty, and the ten acres of land on
+Church Street went to his relative and godson, James Macdonell, son of
+his host, the Hon. Alexander Macdonell, Toronto, in whose family the
+title still remains.
+
+Colonel Macdonell's father, Colonel Alexander Macdonell, commanded the
+2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia, in the war, and two of his brothers
+also had commissions, Duncan Macdonell, as a Captain, commanding a
+company at Ogdensburg (under Colonel George Macdonell), and Donald
+Greenfield Macdonell, who also commanded a company at Ogdensburg.
+Duncan, the elder brother, succeeded his father as Lieutenant-Colonel,
+commanding the 2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia, until 1857, when he
+received the thanks of the Governor-General "for his long and valuable
+services dating from the last war." His son, Lieutenant-Colonel
+Archibald J. Macdonell, was also commanding officer of his grandfather's
+and father's regiment from 1857 to 1804. He was a barrister, and a
+Bencher, and Recorder at Kingston, and for many years a partner with Sir
+John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada. His only son is the
+well-known Lieut.-Col. John A. Macdonell, Alexandria, Ontario, now the
+head of the Greenfield family, whose patriotic sentiments and
+antiquarian tastes have often found eloquent and useful expression. He
+is a grandnephew of Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) and fifth of
+Greenfield.
+
+Donald Greenfield Macdonell, who commanded a company at Ogdensburg
+(brother of Colonel Macdonell, Queenston), became D.A.Q.M.G in the war,
+was a Colonel of Militia and Deputy Adjutant-General from 1846 to 1861.
+He had the honour of laying the corner-stone of the monument to Sir
+Isaac Brock at Queenston in 1853. Among his grandsons are Donald
+Greenfield Macdonell, barrister, Vancouver, heir male, after Lieut.-Col.
+John A. Macdonell, Alexandria, Ontario, and A. McLean Macdonell, K.C.,
+the well-known barrister of Toronto.
+
+The connection of Mr. A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., of Toronto, with the
+War of 1812 is perhaps unique. Not only had his paternal
+great-grandfather and three sons, the Macdonells of Greenfield,
+commissions in the War of 1812, as above stated, but his maternal
+great-grandfather and three sons also held commissions in that war,
+viz., the Honourable Neil McLean and his three sons: 1st, the Honourable
+Archibald McLean, afterwards Chief Justice of Upper Canada. It is said
+that when Colonel Macdonell fell, McLean was near him, and he called out
+to him: "Help me, Archie." 2nd, John McLean, afterwards Sheriff of
+Kingston; and 3rd, Colonel Alexander McLean, who shows an excellent
+military record, and whose daughter married John Macdonell of
+Greenfield, Mr. McLean Macdonell's father. Thus, Mr. McLean Macdonell
+had two great-grandfathers, two grandfathers, and four granduncles, all
+holding important commissions in the only war which has vitally
+threatened Canada.
+
+The connection between A. Claude Macdonell, M.P., Toronto, and
+Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell (Queenston) is by intermarriage in the
+families of Aberchalder and Cullachie. The Aberchalders gave a father,
+Captain Alexander, and three sons, John, Hugh, and Chichester, to the
+American revolutionary war. John was a Captain in Butler's Rangers and
+was the first Speaker of the first House of Assembly of Upper Canada, in
+1792. Hugh was an officer in the King's Royal Regiment and in the Royal
+Canadian Volunteer Regiment. He was one of the members for Glengarry in
+the first Legislature of Upper Canada. He afterwards served at
+Gibraltar, and as British Consul-General at Algiers. Chichester served
+in Butler's Rangers, and became a colonel in the British army, winning
+distinction at Corunna.
+
+Allan Macdonell of Cullachie (closely related to Aberchalder) was a
+captain in the 84th Royal Highland Emigrant Regiment, and his son,
+Alexander, an officer in Butler's Rangers, was prominent in the
+military-political life of Upper Canada, and at the time of the 1812 war
+was a colonel of Militia and Deputy Postmaster-General. His son, Angus
+Duncan Macdonell, who died in 1894, was the father of Mr. Angus Claude
+Macdonell, M.P. for South Toronto.
+
+When Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) came to Toronto as a young man in
+connection with his profession, he resided with his relative, the
+Honourable Alexander Macdonell, Mr. Claude Macdonell's grandfather, and
+it was from his home he went to the front. Needless to say, Colonel
+Macdonell's memory is sacredly cherished among these and many others of
+his kith and kin in Canada, as it is indeed by all lovers of the heroic
+in Canadian history.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX II.
+
+TORONTO GARRISON CHURCH PARADE
+
+In commemoration of the Centenary of the Death of Major-General Sir
+Isaac Brock at the Battle of Queenston Heights
+
+Massey Hall, Sunday, October 13th, 1912, 3 p.m.
+
+Major-General W. H. Cotton, Commanding
+
+
+The musical portion of the service was rendered by the massed bands of
+the garrison under the direction of Bandmaster G. I. Timpson, Queen's
+Own Rifles.
+
+
+ORDER OF DIVINE SERVICE
+
+OPENING VOLUNTARY
+
+GRAND PROCESSIONAL MARCH
+
+"The Silver Trumpets"             _Viviani_
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles
+
+
+Hymn, "SOLDIERS OF CHRIST, ARISE"
+_Put on the whole armour of God_
+
+    Soldiers of Christ, arise,
+      And put your armour on;
+    Strong in the strength which God supplies,
+      Through His Eternal Son;
+
+    Strong in the Lord of Hosts,
+      And in His mighty power;
+    Who in the strength of Jesus trusts
+      Is more than conqueror.
+
+    Stand then in His great might,
+      With all His strength endued;
+    And take to arm you for the fight,
+      The panoply of God.
+
+    From strength to strength go on,
+      Wrestle, and fight, and pray;
+    Tread all the powers of darkness down,
+      And win the well-fought day.
+
+    That having all things done,
+      And all your conflicts past,
+    Ye may obtain, through Christ alone,
+      A crown of joy at last. Amen.
+
+
+GENERAL CONFESSION
+
+(To be said by all, standing)
+
+Almighty and most merciful Father; We have erred and strayed from Thy
+ways like lost sheep. We have followed too much the devices and desires
+of our own hearts. We have offended against Thy Holy Laws. We have left
+undone the things which we ought to have done; And we have done those
+things which we ought not to have done; And there is no health in us.
+But Thou, O Lord, have mercy upon us, miserable offenders. Spare Thou
+them, O God, which confess their faults. Restore Thou them that are
+penitent; according to Thy promises declared unto mankind in Christ
+Jesus our Lord. And grant, O most merciful Father, for His sake, that we
+may hereafter live a godly, righteous and sober life, To the glory of
+Thy Holy Name.  Amen.
+
+
+PRAYER FOR PARDON
+
+O Almighty God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who desireth not
+the death of a sinner, but rather that he may turn from his wickedness,
+and live, pardon and accept, we beseech Thee, all those who truly
+repent and unfeignedly believe Thy Holy Gospel. Grant us true repentance
+and Thy Holy Spirit; that those things may please Thee which we do at
+this present; and that the rest of our life hereafter may be pure and
+holy; so that at the last we may come to Thy eternal joy; through Jesus
+Christ our Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+THE LORD'S PRAYER
+
+
+PRAYER FOR THE KING'S MAJESTY
+
+(All standing)
+
+O Lord, our Heavenly Father, high and mighty, King of kings, Lord of
+lords, the only Ruler of princes, who dost from Thy throne behold all
+the dwellers upon earth; most heartily we beseech Thee with Thy favor to
+behold our most gracious Sovereign Lord, King George; and so replenish
+him with the grace of Thy Holy Spirit, that he may alway incline to Thy
+will, and walk in Thy way; Endue him plenteously with heavenly gifts;
+grant him in health and wealth long to live; strengthen him that he may
+vanquish and overcome all his enemies; and finally, after this life, he
+may attain everlasting joy and felicity; through Jesus Christ our Lord.
+  Amen.
+
+
+PRAYER FOR THE ROYAL FAMILY
+
+Almighty God, the fountain of all goodness, we humbly beseech Thee to
+bless our gracious Queen Mary, Alexandra the Queen Mother, Edward Prince
+of Wales and all the Royal Family; Endue them with Thy Holy Spirit;
+enrich them with Thy heavenly grace; prosper them with all happiness;
+and bring them to Thine everlasting kingdom; through Jesus Christ our
+Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+PRAYER FOR SOLDIERS
+
+Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that we who are called to the
+service of our Empire, may ever remember the honour which we uphold and
+the privilege which is entrusted to us, to defend our Sovereign, our
+homes and our country. Enable us at all times to do what is right, and
+so to conduct ourselves, that we may bring no disgrace upon the uniform
+which we wear, nor upon the flag under which we serve. Make us faithful,
+brave and true to our duty, and especially to Thee, our God, as soldiers
+of Christ and soldiers of the King. Keep us, defend us and save us at
+all times; fill our hearts with courage and love, and may we never be
+ashamed to confess Thee before men, as good soldiers and servants of
+Thine. And this we ask for the sake of Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+SCRIPTURE LESSON
+
+
+OFFERTORY
+
+
+VOLUNTARY
+
+"In the Chapel"           _R. Eilenberg_
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles
+
+
+SERMON
+
+By Captain the Rev. Dr. Llwyd, Chaplain to the Queen's Own Rifles.
+
+
+HYMN, "STAND UP FOR JESUS"
+
+_Quit you like men, be strong_
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus,
+      Ye soldiers of the Cross;
+    Lift high His Royal Banner,
+      It must not suffer loss;
+    From victory unto victory
+      His army He shall lead;
+    Till every foe is vanquished,
+      And Christ is Lord indeed.
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus,
+      The trumpet call obey;
+    Forth to the mighty conflict
+      In this His glorious day;
+    Ye that are men now serve Him
+      Against unnumbered foes;
+    Let courage rise with danger,
+      And strength to strength oppose.
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus;
+      Stand in His Strength alone;
+    The arm of flesh will fail you,
+      Ye dare not trust your own;
+    Put on the gospel armour,
+      And watching unto prayer,
+    Where duty calls, or danger,
+      Be never wanting there.
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus;
+      The strife will not be long;
+    This day the noise of battle,
+      The next the victors' song;
+    To him that overcometh
+      A crown of life shall be;
+    He with the King of glory
+      Shall reign eternally. Amen.
+
+
+NATIONAL ANTHEM
+
+    God save our Gracious King,
+    Long live our noble King,
+    God save the King.
+    Send him victorious,
+    Happy and glorious,
+    Long to reign over us;
+    God save the King.
+
+    Thy choicest gifts in store,
+    On him be pleased to pour;
+    Long may he reign.
+    May he defend our laws,
+    And ever give us cause
+    To sing with heart and voice,
+    God save the King.
+
+
+BENEDICTION
+
+
+RECESSIONAL
+
+The "Priests' March" from "Athalie"           _Mendelssohn_
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX III.
+
+INDIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE RECONSTRUCTION OF BROCK'S MONUMENT
+
+(Communicated by the Editor.)
+
+
+The indignation aroused by the destruction of the first monument erected
+to General Brock was fully shared by the Indians of Ontario. Meetings of
+the Bands were held at which expression was given to the feelings which
+stirred their hearts. They asked the Government to allow them to join
+with the White Men in contributing to the Fund for the reconstruction of
+the monument, and this having been most cordially granted, a sum
+amounting to £207 10s. was raised among the Indians in sums varying from
+£7 10s. to £15 and paid over to the general fund on behalf of the
+following Bands:--
+
+     The Chippewas of the Upper Reserve, on the River St. Clair.
+
+     The Chippewas of the Lower Reserve and Walpole Island, on the River
+     St. Clair.
+
+     The Hurons and Wyandotts of Amherstburg.
+
+     The Chippewas of the River Thames.
+
+     The Munsees of the River Thames.
+
+     The Oneidas of the River Thames.
+
+     The Six Nation Indians of the Grand River.
+
+     The Missisagua of the River Credit.
+
+     The Chippewas of the Saugeen River, Lake Huron.
+
+     The Chippewas of the Township of Rama, Lake Couchiching.
+
+     The Chippewas of Snake Island, Lake Simcoe.
+
+     The Missisagua of Alnwick, Rice Lake.
+
+     The Missisagua of Rice Lake Village, Otonabee; and of Mud and
+     Balsam Lakes.
+
+     The Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte.
+
+The following petition from the Missisagua of Rice Lake, shows the
+spirit in which the Indians acted:
+
+     "_To_ SAMUEL P. JARVIS, _Esquire, Chief Superintendent of Indian
+     Affairs_.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We have heard of the wicked attempt to destroy the Monument of our
+     old Chief, Sir Isaac Brock; and are also informed of the intention
+     of the White Man to rebuild it.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We respect the memory of the brave, and are sorry to find that
+     there are any who do not.
+
+     "Some of us fought on the same field on which the gallant general
+     fell. We then felt the same sorrow in our hearts that our loyal
+     brothers in arms, the White Men, felt, and we still unite with them
+     in the deepest regret at our common loss. These feelings urge us
+     readily to contribute our share to the expense of re-building that
+     Monument which was designed to perpetuate the fame of such noble
+     deeds.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We, who are thus ready to assist in the present exigency, will
+     never be backward in testifying our loyal principles by still more
+     substantial proofs, whenever our Great Mother, the Queen, shall lay
+     her commands upon us. We will never refuse to hear her words. Our
+     Great Fathers, her Royal predecessors, have been very kind to her
+     people. We are not unthankful. We do not wish to be idle; but
+     whenever we may be called upon to defend the honour and rights of
+     the British Crown, we will most heartily strain every nerve, and do
+     all the service in our power.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We authorize you to subscribe from our monies the sum of Fifteen
+     Pounds, in aid of the praiseworthy work about to be performed; and
+     may the blessing of the Great Spirit make it prosper.
+
+     "Dated at Rice Lake Mission, Otonabee, January 7, 1841.
+
+                                      "GEORGE PAUDASH, Principal Chief.
+                                      "JOHN CROW, Chief.
+                                      "JOHN COPOWAY, Chief.
+                                      "JOHN TAUNCHEY, Chief.
+
+"Read over to the Chiefs and signed by them
+in presence of--
+
+                                      HENRY BALDWIN, Jun."
+
+
+The generous action of the Indians was much appreciated by the British
+Government and the following acknowledgment was made by Lord John
+Russell, on its behalf:--
+
+                                             "Downing Street,
+                                                 "6th May, 1841.
+     "No. 372.
+     "My Lord:
+
+     "I received by the last mail from Canada a pamphlet, containing the
+     correspondence, addresses, etc., connected with the subscription of
+     various Indian Tribes in Upper Canada, in aid of the funds for the
+     reconstruction of Sir Isaac Brock's Monument on Queenston Heights.
+
+     "The feelings evinced by the Indians on this occasion are much to
+     their credit. I have to request that your Lordship will convey to
+     them the thanks of the British Government and nation for their
+     zealous co-operation, and renew to them the assurances of the
+     Queen's regard for their welfare.
+
+                                   "I have, etc.,
+                                     "(Signed) J. RUSSELL.
+
+      "The Right Honourable Lord Sydenham."
+
+
+[Illustration: GROUP OF INDIANS (GRAND RIVER RESERVE) CELEBRATING
+BROCK'S CENTENARY AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS. CHIEF ALEXANDER HILL, IN
+COSTUME.]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX IV.
+
+MEETINGS OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
+
+
+A meeting of the Executive Committee of the Brock Centenary was held on
+the 16th October, 1912, there being present: Col. Ryerson, Dr. James L.
+Hughes, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. C. E. Macdonald, Mr. F. D. L. Smith,
+and Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary.
+
+It was resolved:--
+
+     That the thanks of the Committee be conveyed to the Right
+     Honourable R. L. Borden, Prime Minister of Canada, and his
+     Government for the military arrangements that had been made in
+     connection with the celebration of the Centenary; and to the
+     Honourable Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education of Ontario, for so
+     cheerfully complying with all the suggestions made by the Committee
+     with respect to the holding of patriotic exercises in the public
+     schools.
+
+     That the publication of the Account of the Centenary celebration be
+     proceeded with; and that Dr. Alexander Fraser (Chairman), Col.
+     Ryerson, Mr. F. D. L. Smith, and Miss Helen M. Merrill be the
+     Publication Committee in this matter.
+
+     That all the correspondence and papers in connection with the
+     Centenary be deposited in the Ontario Archives, Toronto.
+
+     That the proposal to place a bronze tablet, commemorative of the
+     Centenary, on Brock's monument at Queenston Heights be brought
+     before the co-operating societies, and that action be taken in
+     accordance with their opinion.
+
+     That the striking of a Centennial medal be left in abeyance in the
+     meantime.
+
+    *    *    *    *    *
+
+At a meeting of the Executive Committee held on the 25th of October,
+1912, Col. Ryerson presiding, the subject of publication of the
+Centenary volume was minutely discussed. It was agreed that Dr.
+Alexander Fraser should edit the MS. for the press and that the work be
+proceeded with.
+
+[Illustration: CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY.]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX V.
+
+CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY
+
+Contributed by J. L. Birney, Toronto, Son of Captain Joseph Birney, from
+whose Narrative these Statements have been Compiled.
+
+
+Captain Birney was born in Orange County, in the State of New York, on
+the 1st of February, 1777.
+
+In 1779 his father, William Birney, was killed at the battle of
+Lackawack, New York, in suppressing an Indian uprising, and upon their
+bereavement his mother, with his sister, a child in arms, and himself a
+child two years old, made her way through the forest, sixty miles, to
+New York City. In the year 1783 or 1784 he was baptized in Trinity
+Church, New York City. When the British evacuated New York, Captain
+Birney, with his family and friends, went with the British to where now
+is situated St. John, New Brunswick, and resided there until 1801, when
+he came to Upper Canada, and settled where Hamilton is to-day. While in
+New Brunswick he taught the Duke of Kent to skate, both of them often
+practising together on St. John's River.
+
+In Upper Canada Captain Birney entered into the military life of the
+time. He was over six feet in height, powerfully built, and was well
+fitted for the stirring life then before him.
+
+In 1812 he was Ensign in Captain Hatt's company, which accompanied Sir
+Isaac Brock to Detroit, and his commission as Ensign, signed by Sir
+Isaac Brock, is now in possession of his son, John L. Birney, of
+Toronto. Captain Birney was present when General Brock first met
+Tecumseh, and he often related how the General was impressed with the
+wonderful personality of the great chief.
+
+As Lieutenant he served in Captain Durand's company of 5th Lincoln
+Militia at the Battle of Queenston Heights. He was attached to Brock's
+staff as a special aide, to supervise the laying of the batteries.
+Shortly before the Canadians were driven from the heights, General Brock
+found that in firing at the Americans who were coming across the river
+the bullets were flying short, and he gave the order to Colonel Williams
+to cease firing, but Colonel Williams, mistaking the order to mean
+"retire," began to retire by Niagara. Sir Isaac remarked, "That's
+effective," but Captain Birney, noticing Colonel Williams' movement,
+remarked, "But, General, you did not mean to retire!" "By no means,"
+answered Sir Isaac. "Oh, for one to bring them back!" "May I go?"
+offered Birney. "By all means go, Birney," ordered the General,
+whereupon Captain Birney ran down the steep slope of the heights as fast
+as he could. On the way down he noticed the mullein stalks being cut
+off, and stepping on a slippery spot he fell violently on the broad of
+his back.
+
+At this he heard a great cheer, and looking up saw the cause of it all.
+The Americans were in possession of a portion of the heights, and their
+sharpshooters, thinking they had succeeded in intercepting him in his
+errand, had set up a cheer, but Birney was soon afoot, and came up with
+Colonel Williams, who upon seeing Birney, called his men to halt, and
+enquired, "What's the matter, Birney? Orders from the General?" Birney,
+being entirely out of breath, from his efforts and fall, could not
+answer, and Colonel Williams further enquired, "Did the General not
+order us to retire?" Birney shook his head. "What, then?" asked Colonel
+Williams. "To cease firing," Birney managed to whisper. At this the
+Colonel uttered an oath and smote himself a terrific blow on the
+forehead with his fist. They had not returned far when they heard a
+voice say "Halt!" and looking up they saw the General and his men, they
+having been driven from the summit. There was a short conference, when
+the General decided to go around by St. David's and there attack the
+enemy. But they had not gone far when Birney, who was immediately behind
+the General, heard a groan, and looking up saw the General falling from
+his horse, and, rushing forward, he assisted him to the ground. With a
+few parting orders the General was dead.
+
+After this Birney had to take command of his own company, and with the
+rest they fell in order and marched around the mountain by St. David's
+and there surprised the Americans eating their (the Canadians')
+breakfast, as the Americans had surprised them earlier in the morning.
+And then commenced the real fighting of the day. The Americans after a
+hand-to-hand fight were charged and driven out, many of them being
+forced over heights into Niagara River. Captain Birney used to remark
+that with his sword in one hand and a broken gunbarrel in the other he
+led his men in this charge, and it was a sorry day for any American who
+came within his reach. Among the many prisoners Captain Birney assisted
+in capturing that day was his cousin, Captain Winfield Scott, afterwards
+General Scott, who, after being taken to York, was exchanged for
+prisoners.
+
+Captain Birney led his company, the 5th Lincoln, in the battle of
+Lundy's Lane in 1814, coming out of it, as he did in all his
+engagements, without a scratch.
+
+He used to take pleasure in relating how, after the Americans had been
+badly beaten and had made a hasty retreat, leaving their men to be
+buried, there was left behind a lone gunner who stuck to his cannon.
+Birney and a number of his men marched down upon this man for the
+purpose of capturing the gun, and as they approached him, three times
+did this gunner swing his torch with the purpose of firing his gun, but
+each time he drew back from the fuse and finally threw his torch upon
+the ground. Birney said it was well he did, as he and many of his men
+would not have lived to tell the tale, as they were walking directly in
+the face of the cannon. He also took pride in telling how one Canadian
+cannon was taken and retaken many times that night, while lying in heaps
+around it were Canadians and Americans who had fought and died bravely.
+
+When the Rebellion of 1837 broke out Captain Birney was the oldest
+officer surviving the troubles of 1812-14. Being at that time over age
+he did not wish to take any part in the fighting, feeling he had served
+his country well and sufficiently up to that time, and he felt in
+addition that through favoritism many who had served under him had been
+promoted over his head. However, through the personal efforts of Sir
+Allan McNab and Colonel Land he was persuaded to take command of a
+company of the 3rd Gore Militia, which post he held until about 1841,
+being actively engaged in military affairs during all that period.
+
+Some of his work at this time was the building of the bridge for the
+troops to cross the water-gap at Burlington Heights, and he also was
+engaged in constructing the defence works on Burlington Heights during
+the battle of Stoney Creek for use in case of retreat. He was afterwards
+with his company in charge of the 112 prisoners who were held and tried
+at Hamilton.
+
+When Captain Birney died, in 1873, being in his 96th year, he was the
+oldest living Mason in Canada, having joined the Craft in 1803.
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note:-
+
+Illustration "Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights" added to
+  list of Illustrations for Page 38.
+
+Original spelling retained and some minor punctuation corrections made.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of "Brock Centenary 1812-1912",
+      by Alexander Fraser (1860-1936) Editor
+    </title>
+
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Brock Centenary 1812-1912
+
+Author: Various
+
+Contributor: John Stewart Carstairs
+
+Editor: Alexander Fraser
+
+Release Date: January 20, 2012 [EBook #38620]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BROCK CENTENARY 1812-1912 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by James Wright and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Canada Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net (This
+book was created from images of public domain material
+made available by the University of Toronto Libraries
+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="600" height="960" alt="" title="cover" />
+</div>
+
+<p><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="frontis" id="frontis"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/frontis.jpg" width="500" height="551" alt="" title="Major-General Brock" />
+</div>
+
+<h5>MAJOR-GENERAL BROCK.<br />
+
+<small>(<i>From miniature painting by J. Hudson.</i>)<br />
+
+Copyrighted in the U. S. A. and Canada.<br />
+<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 10em;">&mdash;From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).</span></small></h5>
+
+<p><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p>
+
+<h1>BROCK CENTENARY</h1>
+
+<h3>1812-1912</h3>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<h3>ACCOUNT OF THE CELEBRATION AT<br />
+QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, ONTARIO,<br />
+ON THE 12<span class="smcap">th</span> OCTOBER, 1912</h3>
+
+<p><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<h3>ALEXANDER FRASER, LL.D.<br />
+<small><small>Editor</small></small></h3>
+
+<p><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<h4><small>TORONTO<br />
+<small>PRINTED AND PUBLISHED FOR THE COMMITTEE BY</small></small><br />
+WILLIAM BRIGGS<br />
+<small><small>1913</small></small></h4>
+
+<p><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>DEDICATED</h4>
+
+<h5>TO</h5>
+
+<h4>THE DESCENDANTS OF THE DEFENDERS</h4>
+
+<p><br /><br /><br /><br /></p>
+
+<h6>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;<br />
+Copyright, Canada, 1913, by<br />
+<span class="smcap">Alexander Fraser</span></h6>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>PREFATORY NOTE</h2>
+
+
+<p>The object of this publication is to preserve an
+account of the Celebration, at Queenston Heights,
+of the Brock Centenary, in a more convenient and
+permanent form than that afforded by the reports
+(admirable as they are) in the local newspapers.</p>
+
+<p>Celebrations were held in several places in Ontario,
+notably at St. Thomas, where Dr. J. H. Coyne
+delivered a fervently patriotic address. Had reports
+of these been available, extended reference
+would have been gladly and properly accorded to
+them in this book. Considerable effort, involving
+delay in publication, was made to secure the name
+of every person who attended at Queenston Heights
+in a representative capacity, and the list is probably
+complete.</p>
+
+<p>For valuable assistance acknowledgment is due
+to Colonel Ryerson, Chairman of the General and
+Executive Committees; to Miss Helen M. Merrill,
+Honorary Secretary, and to Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell,
+K.C., M.P., Toronto. Also to Mr. Walter
+R. Nursey, for the use of the pictures of General
+Brock, Col. Macdonell, and Brock's Monument,
+from his interesting work: "The Story of Brock,"
+in the Canadian Heroes Series; and to the Ontario
+Archives, Toronto, for the use of the picture of the
+first monument erected to Brock on Queenston
+Heights.</p>
+
+<p class="author"><span class="smcap">Alexander Fraser.</span></p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_4" id="illo_4"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/004_illo.jpg" width="500" height="616" alt="" title="Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>From a Silhouette in possession of John Alexander Macdonnell, K.C., Alexandria.<br />
+<br />
+<span class="smcap">Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell.</span><br />
+Provincial Aide-de-Camp to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock; M.P. for Glengarry;<br />
+Attorney-General of Upper Canada.<br />
+<br /><br /><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 15em;">&mdash;From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).</span></h6>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>CONTENTS</h2>
+
+<table summary="Table of Contents" width="90%" border="0">
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="tdr"><span class="smcap">page</span></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Prefatory Note</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Introduction&mdash;J. Stewart Carstairs, B.A.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Preliminary Steps</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>General Committee Formed</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Programme Adopted</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Programme">26</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Reports of Committees</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Celebrating the Day</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>At Queenston Heights&mdash;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Representatives Present</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#reps">34</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Floral Decorations</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#wreaths">40</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">A Unique Scene</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#scene">42</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Historic Flags and Relics</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#flags">43</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Letters of Regret for Absence</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#letters">44</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>The Speeches&mdash;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Colonel G. Sterling Ryerson</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Ryerson">45</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, M.P.</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Macdonell1">50</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Hon. Dr. R. A. Pyne, M.P.P.</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Pyne">55</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Colonel George T. Denison</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Denison">58</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C.</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Macdonell2">61</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Dr. James L. Hughes</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Hughes">67</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Chief A. G. Smith</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Smith">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Loft">74</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td><span style="margin-left: 2em;">Mr. Charles R. McCullough</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#McCullough">75</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Appendix I.&mdash;Highland Heroes in the War of 1812-14 &mdash;Dr. Alexander Fraser</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Appendix II.&mdash;Programme of Toronto Garrison Service in Massey Hall</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_82">82</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Appendix III.&mdash;Indian Contributions to the Reconstruction of Brock's Monument</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_88">88</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Appendix IV.&mdash;Meetings of the Executive Committee subsequent to the Celebration</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_91">91</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Appendix V.&mdash;Captain Joseph Birney</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_93">93</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>ILLUSTRATIONS</h2>
+
+<table summary="Table of Illustrations" width="90%" border="0">
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="tdr"><span class="smcap">page</span></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Major-General Brock</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#frontis"><i>Frontispiece</i></a>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_4">5</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Executive Committee</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_28">28</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>First Monument to General Brock at Queenston Heights</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_32">33</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Brock's Monument</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_34">34</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Central section of a panoramic picture of the gathering at Queenston Heights</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_36">36</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Floral Tribute placed on Cenotaph, where Brock fell, by the Guernsey Society, Toronto</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_38a">38</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_38b">38</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Memorial Wreaths placed on the Tombs, at Queenston Heights,<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock, Kt., and Colonel John</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Macdonell, P.A.D.C., Attorney-General of Upper Canada</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_40">41</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Wreath placed on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral,<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">London, Eng., by the Government of Canada</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_42">42</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Wreath placed on Brock's Monument, Queenston Heights, by<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire</span></td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_42">42</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Conferring Tribal Membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_42c">43</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Six Nation Indians celebrating Brock's Centenary at Queenston Heights</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_44">44</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Colonel George Sterling Ryerson, Chairman of Committee</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_45">45</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., addressing the gathering</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_51">51</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of Education of Ontario</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_58">58</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_58">58</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Colonel George T. Denison, Toronto</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_58">58</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, addressing the gathering</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_61">61</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Captain Charles R. McCullough, Hamilton, Ont.</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation Indians, Toronto</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_71">71</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Members of Committee at Queenston Heights</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_77">77</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Group of Indians (Grand River Reserve) celebrating Brock's Centenary at Queenston Heights</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_88">88</a></td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>&nbsp;</td>
+</tr>
+
+<tr>
+<td>Captain Joseph Birnie</td>
+<td class="tdr"><a href="#illo_93">93</a></td>
+</tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>INTRODUCTION</h2>
+
+<h3>BROCK AND QUEENSTON<br />
+
+<small>By John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Toronto</small></h3>
+
+
+<p>Brock's fame and Brock's name will never die
+in our history. The past one hundred years have
+settled that. And in this glory the craggy heights
+of Queenston, where in their splendid mausoleum
+Brock and Macdonell sleep side by side their last
+sleep, will always have its share. Strangely
+enough, who ever associates Brock's name with
+Detroit? Yet, here was a marvellous achievement:
+the left wing of the enemy's army annihilated, its
+eloquent and grandiose leader captured and two
+thousand five hundred men and abundant military
+stores, with the State of Michigan thrown in!</p>
+
+<p>But Britain in those days was so busy doing
+things that we a hundred years later can scarcely
+realize them. However, so much of our historic
+perspective has been settled during the past hundred
+years. Perhaps in another hundred years,
+when other generations come together to commemorate
+the efforts of these men that with Brock and
+Macdonell strove to seek and find and do and not
+to yield, the skirmish at Queenston may be viewed
+in a different light.</p>
+
+<p>Perhaps then the British Constitution will have
+bridged the oceans and the "Seven Seas"; perhaps
+then Canada will be more British than
+Britain itself&mdash;the very core, the centre, the heart
+of the Empire in territory and population, in
+wealth and in influence, in spirit and in vital activities.
+Then Queenston Heights may be regarded<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>
+not merely as a victory that encouraged Canadians
+to fight for their homes but as a far-reaching
+world-event.</p>
+
+<p>The year of Queenston, let us remember, was the
+year of Salamanca and of Moscow&mdash;the most glorious
+year in British military annals. But what has
+Salamanca to do with Canada? Britain was fighting
+alone, not merely for the freedom of Britons but
+for the freedom of Europe. Since 1688 she had
+been for more than one-half of the one hundred and
+twenty-four years actively in arms against France.
+Since 1793 there had been peace&mdash;and only nominal
+peace&mdash;<i>against</i> France for only the two years
+following the Treaty of Amiens (1801). The generation
+approaching maturity in 1812 had been
+born and had grown up "in wars and rumours of
+wars." In this struggle against France and later
+against Napoleon, the Motherland had increased
+the National Debt by &#163;500,000,000, or nearly
+twenty-five hundred millions of dollars; she had
+spent every cent she could gather and taxed her
+posterity to this extent. That is what Britain had
+done for her children&mdash;and for the world at large!</p>
+
+<p>But ever since Jefferson had purchased (1803)
+Louisiana from Napoleon the United States had
+found she was less dependent on Britain. Accordingly,
+Jefferson grew more and more unfriendly.
+And now in 1812, the world campaign of Napoleon
+had spread to America. He had hoped for this, but
+on different lines. He had planned for it, but those
+plans had failed.</p>
+
+<p>"The War of 1812-14," as we call it, was merely
+a phase, a section, of the greatest struggle in
+the history of mankind&mdash;the struggle of Britain
+against the aggrandisement and cheap ambition of
+Napoleon to become the Dictator of Europe and
+the civilized world. Brock, though invited to take
+a share in the long drawn out contest in Spain,
+decided&mdash;fortunately for us&mdash;to remain in Canada.</p>
+
+<p>The year 1812 was the climax of the war with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span>
+Napoleon&mdash;the most splendid, as we have said, of
+all years in British military annals. Since 1808,
+the British forces had been striving to drive the
+French from Spain. First under Sir John Moore,
+later under Wellington, inch by inch, year by year,
+they had beaten them back toward the Pyrenees.
+Then on July 22, 1812, just as Brock was struggling
+with all his difficulties here in Canada, there
+came Wellington's first decisive victory at Salamanca.
+The news reached Brock in October and
+a day or two before he died he sent the tidings
+forward to Proctor&mdash;Proctor then struggling with
+his Forty-first Regiment to do as much damage as
+he could to the enemy hundreds of miles out from
+Windsor and Detroit, Proctor who was to be eternally
+much abused for faults he never was guilty of,
+and to be blamed for Tecumseh's death next year.
+With the news of Salamanca went Brock's prophetic
+comment: "I think the game nearly up in
+Spain"; and within a year the game, Napoleon's
+game, was up, not only in Spain but in all Europe.
+Within a year Leipsic had been fought and won
+and Napoleon was a wanderer on the face of the
+earth, to be gathered in and lodged on Elba.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile other great events were shaping.
+Just a month before Salamanca&mdash;in fact, four days
+before the United States declared war&mdash;Napoleon
+had set out on his fatal expedition against Russia.
+Two days later he crossed the Niemen. More than
+a million Frenchmen were now in arms in Europe;
+and Britain was the only active enemy in the field.</p>
+
+<p>What wonder then that Brock, as the civil and
+military head of the Government of Upper Canada,
+should view with extreme anxiety the situation in
+the Province? He had been in Canada for ten
+years. He knew that the Motherland could not
+furnish any more men. There were fifteen hundred
+regular troops in Upper, and two thousand in
+Lower Canada. Forty years before there had not
+been a single settlement in what is now Ontario<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span>
+from the Detroit to the Ottawa, from Lake Ontario
+to Sault Ste. Marie. Now there were seventy-five
+thousand inhabitants; and under a wise Militia
+Act they had imposed yearly military service on
+themselves; every male inhabitant had to furnish
+his own gun and appear on parade or be heavily
+fined. Thus there was a volunteer force more or
+less trained amounting to about ten thousand men&mdash;a
+militia that under Brock rendered splendid
+service.</p>
+
+<p>But arms were scarce and supplies had to be
+brought long distances. The men at Queenston
+won their victory with guns that were captured
+two months before at Detroit. Throughout the
+war, when our mills had been burnt by a ruthless
+enemy that made war on women and children and
+old men, supplies were brought up the toilsome
+course of the St. Lawrence in Durham boats and
+<i>bateaux</i>. The devoted militia of the river counties
+guarded the frontier, and only once did they lose
+a convoy, part of which they afterwards recovered
+by a raid into the enemy's territory at Waddington,
+N.Y.</p>
+
+<p>In front of Brock was a nation of eight or nine
+millions, a nation that believed they could "take
+the Canadas without soldiers;" as the United
+States Secretary of War said&mdash;"we have only to
+send officers into the Province and the people, disaffected
+towards their own Government, will rally
+round our standard." Yet they placed, during the
+three years of the war, 527,000 men in the field and
+were defeated in thirty-two engagements. The
+odds were twenty-six to one against us. That was
+Brock's grand bequest to this land&mdash;the spirit to
+fight against odds that were at first sight positively
+overwhelming.</p>
+
+<p>For years sedition and disloyalty had been gaining
+ground in Upper Canada. In 1802, Colonel
+Talbot classified the inhabitants of the western
+part of the Province as (1) those enticed hither by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span>
+the free land grants; (2) those that had fled from
+the United States for crime; (3) Republicans anticipating
+that the colony would shake off its
+allegiance to Britain. Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest
+Cruikshank, who is justly regarded as the most
+eminent authority on the War of 1812-14, believes
+that in a large portion of the Province "the recent
+immigrants from the United States outnumbered
+all the other inhabitants at least two to one. Two-thirds
+of the members of the Assembly and one-third
+of the magistrates were natives of the United
+States."</p>
+
+<p>On the 28th of July, 1812, Brock called together
+the Legislature of Upper Canada. In his speech
+from the throne he stated that "a few traitors have
+already joined the enemy, have been suffered to
+come into the country with impunity, and have
+been harboured and concealed in the interior."
+The peroration should be memorized by every
+young Canadian: "We are engaged in an awful
+and eventful contest. By unanimity and despatch
+in our councils and by vigour in our operations we
+may teach the enemy this lesson, that a country
+defended by <i>free men</i>, enthusiastically devoted to
+their king and constitution, can never be conquered."
+He especially desired the suspension of
+the Habeas Corpus Act and the passing of an Act
+to compel suspected persons to take an oath abjuring
+their allegiance to other countries. But Brock,
+to use his own words, could "get no good of them.
+They, like the magistrates and others in office, evidently
+mean to remain passive. The repeal of the
+Habeas Corpus will not pass, and if I have recourse
+to the law martial, I am told the whole armed
+force will disperse. Never was an officer placed
+in a more awkward predicament."</p>
+
+<p>The very next day he wrote in much the same
+spirit to Colonel Baynes: "The population, believe
+me, is essentially bad&mdash;a full belief possesses them
+all that this Province must inevitably succumb.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span>
+This prepossession is fatal to every exertion. Legislators,
+magistrates, militia officers, all have
+imbibed the idea, and are so sluggish and indifferent
+in their respective offices that the artful and
+active scoundrel is allowed to parade the country
+without interruption and commit all imaginable
+mischief.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;. Most of the people have lost all
+confidence. I, however, speak loud and look big."</p>
+
+<p>On the same day, moreover, he reported: "The
+militia stationed here (at York) volunteered their
+services to any part of the Province without the
+least hesitation."</p>
+
+<p>Day after day his Legislature wasted their time.
+For eight days they discussed a mere party question
+of changing a clause in the School Bill. Brock
+prorogued Parliament and took the reins in his
+own hands. He declared martial law, and soon
+after three members of the Legislature, Willcocks,
+Markle, and Mallory, deserted and joined the United
+States forces.</p>
+
+<p>At once he set out on his expedition to Detroit.
+Through the wilds of Upper Canada, by lake and
+field, he led his small band of men two hundred
+miles. In nineteen days he was back again in his
+capital. He had annihilated the left wing of the
+enemy's army; he had captured two thousand five
+hundred men, thirty-seven cannon and immense
+military stores. The State of Michigan practically
+remained in our possession till the close of the war.</p>
+
+<p>A hundred years ago Brock spent the last week
+in August and the first part of October in strengthening
+the defences on the Niagara frontier. He
+needed one thousand more regulars, but Sir George
+Prevost could not spare another man. He mounted
+new batteries with the Detroit cannon. He established
+a system of communication and the use of
+beacon lights from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, with
+a spur line inland to Pelham Heights. He refitted
+his men from the stores captured at Detroit. Ceaseless
+activity and eternal vigilance were the very<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span>
+laws of his life. The motto on his seal is said to
+have been "He who guards never sleeps." The
+legend may not be correct, but it is so appropriate
+that one likes to perpetuate the tradition.</p>
+
+<p>The United States army as a whole was attacking
+Canada at three points: its right wing was
+trying to force its way up the valley of the Richelieu;
+its left wing had been disposed of by Brock
+at Detroit; its centre was being strengthened every
+day along the Niagara frontier. From the old
+French fort at the mouth of the Niagara River to
+the village of Buffalo there was on both sides of
+the Niagara an uninterrupted scene of fearful and
+warlike activity. The heights of Lewiston and the
+red beach below were white with the tents of nearly
+four thousand soldiers.</p>
+
+<p>From Queenston a small body of British and
+Canadian soldiers were watching and waiting.
+Then&mdash;a hundred years ago&mdash;it was much the same
+straggling village as to-day. Here the eddying,
+foaming, turbulent waters of the Niagara issue
+from the narrow, rocky gorge to spread out into a
+gentle stream and wind their way to Lake Ontario,
+seven miles distant. At the foot of the Canadian
+cliff nestles Queenston; at the foot of the sister
+cliff opposite is Lewiston in New York State. A
+hundred years ago, from the "Heights" a spectator
+would have seen the same glorious panorama
+of fertile fields and autumn tints; but since June
+the whole line of the Niagara River had resounded
+with din of preparations to resist a ruthless and
+aggressive invader.</p>
+
+<p>But while Brock was absent at Detroit, about
+the middle of August, Sir George Prevost, the
+British commander-in-chief, had very unwisely
+concluded an armistice with General Dearborn,
+the terms of which extended only to the right wing
+of the United States army. Accordingly, this gave
+Major-General Van Rensselaer, who was in command
+of the enemy on the Niagara, a splendid<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span>
+opportunity to array still larger forces against
+Brock. Artillery and stores were brought up from
+Oswego; thousands of additional troops had been
+hurried forward to the enemy; scows and boats
+were built for the purpose of crossing the Niagara.</p>
+
+<p>"Major-General Stephen Van Rensselaer," says
+Colonel Ernest Cruikshank, the careful historian
+of the war, "who held chief command by virtue of
+his rank as major-general of the New York State
+troops, was an entire novice in all military affairs,
+and could scarcely even be termed an amateur
+soldier. The last patroon of the manor of Rensselaer-Wyck
+and the leading Federalist in the
+State, his appointment was a sharp stroke of party
+tactics on the part of the Governor, who discovered
+in him a prospective and dangerous opponent. The
+recent congressional elections had seemed to indicate
+that the Federalists had regained the confidence
+of the people of New York, and most of their
+leaders were uncompromising in their hostility to
+the war. If Van Rensselaer accepted the command
+his immediate following would be committed to its
+prosecution; if he refused his conduct could be
+denounced as unpatriotic.</p>
+
+<p>"Stephen was an amiable and benevolent, but
+rather dull man of about fifty years of age. On
+all strictly military subjects he was compelled to
+rely upon the advice of his adjutant-general and
+cousin, Colonel Solomon Van Rensselaer, who had
+been bred a soldier, had served in the United States
+army for ten years, and had held his present
+appointment for as many more. He had been
+wounded in Wayne's campaign against the
+Indians, and possessed the reputation of being a
+brave and skilful officer."</p>
+
+<p>The close observer who comes up the Niagara
+River will see just after he leaves the wharf of
+Niagara-on-the-Lake the far-extending green bastions
+of Fort George. A hundred years ago there
+was no barn there which a thrifty Government later<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span>
+allowed to be built within its lines. But a hundred
+years ago this morning, on Tuesday, October 13,
+it was a fort and Brock's headquarters. For weeks
+there had been persistent rainstorms. In the dull
+grey foggy chill of the morning, about four o'clock,
+there came an alarm that the enemy were crossing
+the river at Queenston. In a few minutes, Brock
+dashed out of the fort unattended and galloped
+headlong up the river road. Macdonell, his young
+and faithful aide-de-camp, soon followed. At
+Brown's Point, two miles from Queenston, was a
+battery manned by the militia of York, among
+them such men as John Beverley Robinson and
+Archibald Maclean, both afterwards chief justices.
+As Brock passed he waved his hand to them; and
+very likely it was then he said, "Push on, brave
+York Volunteers." And as they advanced to support
+their leaders there was plenty of evidence that
+the invaders had made a landing. Troops of the
+enemy were met under guard&mdash;miserable, wounded
+wretches.</p>
+
+<p>The mouth of the Niagara Gorge is barely two
+hundred yards wide; and this had been selected
+as the place at which to cross. Fifteen hundred
+United States regulars and nearly three thousand
+militia, it was hoped, could be ferried across in
+seven trips. At Queenston to oppose them there
+were merely two companies of the Forty-ninth
+(Brock's regiment) under Captain Dennis, and
+three companies of militia. In all, in and about
+Queenston there were less than two hundred men.</p>
+
+<p>In less than fifteen minutes ten boats had landed
+three hundred men, exactly as they had planned.
+When discovered by a sentinel, they were forming
+up under the command of Colonel Solomon Van
+Rensselaer.</p>
+
+<p>At once from Brown's Point, from Vrooman's
+Point, from the gun halfway up Queenston Heights
+there belched forth an incessant fire. The Lewiston<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>
+batteries opened on the village and soon
+reduced several of the houses to ruins.</p>
+
+<p>Meanwhile, Captain Dennis, with forty-six men,
+sought out the invaders at the foot of the cliff.
+Though they soon took to the cover of the trees
+and brush in disorder, many were killed, and
+Colonel Van Rensselaer himself received no less
+than six wounds.</p>
+
+<p>After dawn, however, they observed how few
+men were working the one-gun battery halfway up
+Queenston Heights. They ascended by a narrow
+fisherman's path, under the command of Lieutenant
+Wool, and gained the Heights unopposed.</p>
+
+<p>It was "at this instant Brock rode into the village,
+splashed with mud from head to foot.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;.
+A striking scene presented itself to his gaze. Battalion
+after battalion of troops in rear of the
+American batteries in readiness to embark; other
+detachments entering their boats, some already on
+the river; their guns throwing round and grape
+shot into the village, where Dennis still contrived
+to maintain a foothold" (Cruikshank).</p>
+
+<p>Brock rode up the slope toward the redan halfway
+up the Heights. From the hillside above him
+burst a shout and down rushed an overwhelming
+body of the invaders. With barely time to spike
+the gun with a ramrod, the three officers and the
+dozen artillerymen withdrew and left the enemy in
+possession.</p>
+
+<p>Fresh troops were now landing to assist the
+invaders; and Brock was fully convinced that the
+lost position must be recovered at once. He sent
+Captain Williams with about seventy men by a
+round-about way to attack Wool's left. Seeing
+Wool's force driven in, Brock mustered a hundred
+and ninety men, including the militia flank companies.
+Waving his sword, he led his men up the
+steep ascent toward the battery they had lost. As
+he moved toward the right of the mountain, a bullet
+struck his sword wrist. Within fifty yards of him,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span>
+an Ohio rifleman stepped out from a thicket, took
+deliberate aim and fired. Shot through the left
+breast, he fell. "My fall," he murmured, "must
+not be noticed, nor impede my brave companions
+from advancing to victory." Mindful of duty,
+mindful of others, thus died Sir Isaac Brock, the
+hero of Upper Canada.</p>
+
+<p>Three days before, a grateful sovereign had
+created him a Knight of the Order of the Bath.
+Subsequent generations of Canadians placed over
+his remains the noble shaft, that from its commanding
+position is the most notable landmark of
+the historic battleground he made famous. But he
+lives in the hearts of the people whose country he
+saved, whose fathers he inspired to resist the
+invader. He had found them a panic-stricken
+people, he left them vigorous, united, aggressive.</p>
+
+<p>The remaining incidents of that day at Queenston
+Heights are well known. Two hours later,
+Macdonell, Brock's military secretary and aide,
+tried to regain the one-gun battery. A fierce fight
+ensued: Macdonell, Dennis and Williams were all
+wounded; and the next day the bright young
+Scotsman, attorney-general at the age of twenty-seven,
+passed away. In life he was united with
+Brock, and in death he was not separated. The
+bodies of the two heroes rest together under the
+Queenston Monument, where the river has been
+singing their requiem for a hundred years.</p>
+
+<p>The third stage of the battle was reached at two
+o'clock in the afternoon. Then Major-General
+Roger Hale Sheaffe advanced from Fort George
+along the river road. Turning to the right down
+the little Queenston Creek, he led his forces across
+the Dr. Hamilton property. On the left he flung
+out his Indians under Norton and Brant, and they
+moved forward and made trouble.</p>
+
+<p>Ascending the escarpment west of the invading
+troops, Sheaffe came upon the terrified invaders,
+drawn up near the site of the present monument.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span>
+Their left rested on the river verge of the cliff. A
+volley or two&mdash;and the Canadians found themselves
+embarrassed with prisoners. Within a few
+days, 958, including stragglers, had surrendered as
+prisoners of war. Among these were General Wadsworth,
+who had been in command, and Lieutenant-Colonel
+Winfield Scott, later to become commander-in-chief
+of the United States army and conqueror of
+Mexico.</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>PRELIMINARY STEPS</h3>
+
+
+<p>The desire to commemorate the centenary of
+Brock's death-day&mdash;October 13th, 1912&mdash;took form
+at a meeting of the United Empire Loyalists' Association
+of Canada, held at Toronto on April 11th,
+1912, when, on the motion of Mr. John Stewart
+Carstairs, B.A., a committee, consisting of Colonel
+Ryerson, Lieut.-Colonel W. Hamilton Merritt, Mr.
+J. S. Carstairs, and Mr. C. E. MacDonald, barrister,
+was appointed to draft a suitable programme
+for the celebration of "Brock's Day."</p>
+
+<p>This committee submitted the following report
+at a meeting of the Association held on September
+17th, 1912, Colonel Ryerson presiding:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"Your Committee begs leave to report that as,
+within their knowledge, no action has been taken
+by either the Federal or Provincial Government to
+celebrate the Centenary of the death of Sir Isaac
+Brock on Sunday, October 13th, 1912, they recommend as follows:</p>
+
+<p>"(1) That recommendations be made to both
+the Federal Government and to the Provincial Government
+of Ontario, that in view of the fact that
+General Brock in June, 1812, found himself at the
+head of a panic-stricken people in the presence of
+a powerful invader, and that a few months later,
+when he fell at Queenston Heights, he left that
+people united, fearless and invincible, it is believed
+that there should be a national demonstration that
+will be in effect only less impressive on the public
+mind than was the passing away of the man himself
+at Queenston Heights a hundred years ago.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"(2) That the demonstration might take the form
+of a royal salute from every cannon in the land on
+Sunday, October 13th. This would be a matter to
+be arranged by the Minister of Militia.</p>
+
+<p>"(3) Every church in Canada might be requested
+to hold some sort of a memorial service
+on Sunday, October 13th.</p>
+
+<p>"(4) On Friday, October 11th, every school in
+Canada might appeal to the intellect and imagination
+of the coming generation of men and women
+by appropriate commemorative exercises.</p>
+
+<p>"(5) Monday, October 14th, could be proclaimed
+a national holiday.</p>
+
+<p>"There is, in the corridor of the Parliament
+Buildings at Toronto, the copy of a splendid portrait
+of Brock, full of life and action. By some
+arrangement with the Minister of Education in
+every Province, or even without it, perhaps a copy
+of this picture could be placed in every school in
+the land.</p>
+
+<p>"(6) As the city of Toronto is very likely to
+expropriate the Knox College property, it might
+be well to suggest to the city authorities that this
+new park should be opened in October with proper
+ceremonies and named Brock Park. In this connection,
+it might be well to recall that the lower
+portion of Spadina Avenue was, until recently,
+known as Brock Street.</p>
+
+<p>"(7) It is recommended that these suggestions
+shall be brought to the attention of the Federal
+and Provincial Governments, and every means
+should be taken to convince the authorities that on
+October 13th, 1912, our people should hang some
+votive offering on the shrine of the hero of Upper
+Canada.</p>
+
+<p>"(8) That copies of this report be sent to the
+National Council of Women and to the Secretary
+of the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the
+Empire inviting their concurrence.</p>
+
+<p class="author">
+"<span class="smcap">J. S. Carstairs</span>, <i>Chairman</i>."
+</p></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>This Report was adopted tentatively, and in
+order to secure as wide as possible a co-operation
+from other patriotic Associations, it was agreed,
+on the motion of Colonel Denison, seconded by Mr.
+C. E. Macdonald, that the Centenary of Sir Isaac
+Brock's death, Sunday, October 13th, 1912, be
+commemorated by an excursion to Queenston
+Heights on the 12th, and that patriotic and historical
+societies, clubs and regiments, etc., be asked
+to send not more than three delegates to a meeting
+to be held on Wednesday, September 25th, at 4.30
+o'clock, in the Canadian Foresters' Building, to
+discuss a plan of commemoration.</p>
+
+<p>In accordance with this resolution the following
+societies were circularized, and asked to co-operate
+in the celebration:</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Societies</span>: British Empire League; Caledonian
+Society; Canadian Club; Canadian Defence
+League; Daughters of the Empire, Niagara Falls,
+Ont.; Daughters of the Empire, St. Catharines;
+Empire Club; Historical Society, Niagara Falls,
+Ont.; Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake;
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire; Irish
+Protestant and Benevolent Society, Toronto;
+Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls,
+Ont.; Ontario Historical Society; St. Andrew's
+Society, Toronto; St. Catharines' Historical Society;
+St. George's Society, Toronto; Sons of England,
+Toronto; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association,
+Toronto; Women's Canadian Historical
+Society, Toronto; Women's Canadian Club, Toronto;
+Women's Historical Society, Hamilton;
+Women's Institute, Queenston; Women's Institute,
+Stamford; York Pioneers' Association.</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Military</span>: Brig.-General W. H. Cotton, Officer
+Commanding 2nd Division; Canadian Army Medical Corps,
+Permanent Army Medical Corps, Permanent
+Army Service Corps, Royal Canadian
+Dragoons, Royal Canadian Engineers, Royal Canadian
+Regiment.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><i>Artillery</i>: 2nd Brigade Canadian Field Artillery,
+9th Battery Canadian Field Artillery.</p>
+
+<p><i>Cavalry</i>: Governor-General's Body Guard, 9th
+Mississauga Horse.</p>
+
+<p><i>Infantry</i>: "Queen's Own" Rifles, 10th Regiment
+Royal Grenadiers, 12th Regiment York
+Rangers, 48th Battalion Highlanders.</p>
+
+<p><i>Military Associations, Etc.</i>: Canadian Military
+Institute, Her Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans,
+Imperial South African Service Association, Veterans
+of '66 Association, Veterans of '85 Association,
+Wolseley Red River Expedition Association,
+1870.</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>GENERAL COMMITTEE FORMED</h3>
+
+
+<p>In response to the invitation above referred to,
+societies and regiments appointed the following
+delegates to represent them on the General Committee:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><i>United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada</i>:
+Colonel G. Sterling Ryerson, President; Colonel
+G. T. Denison, Lieut.-Colonel George A. Shaw, Mr.
+R. E. A. Land, Vice-Presidents; Mr. J. Stewart
+Carstairs, Honorary Secretary; Miss Helen M.
+Merrill, Honorary Assistant Secretary; Mr. A. R.
+Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mr. C. E. Macdonald,
+Miss Catharine Merritt, Mr. R. S. Neville, K.C.,
+Captain Victor Hall, Miss O. V. Widner, Mrs.
+F. O. Loft, Mrs. Edmund Phillips, Mrs. Dignam,
+Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Six Nations Indians</i> (United Empire Loyalists):
+Warrior F. O. Loft, Mr. Allen W. Johnson.</p>
+
+<p><i>British Empire League</i>: Colonel G. T. Denison,
+Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Canadian Club</i>: Dr. A. H. U. Colquhoun, President;
+Mr. F. D. L. Smith, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Canadian Defence League</i>: Colonel Fotheringham,
+Dr. J. L. Hughes, Mr. R. E. Kingsford,
+Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Empire Club</i>: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. E. K.
+Richardson, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire</i>: Mrs.
+A. E. Gooderham, Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Mrs.
+John Bruce, Miss Constance Boulton, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Sons of Scotland</i>: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Dr.
+John Ferguson, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span></p>
+
+<p><i>St. George's Society, Toronto</i>: John W. Gamble
+Boyd.</p>
+
+<p><i>Lundy's Lane Historical Association</i>: Mr. J.
+Jackson, Superintendent Queen Victoria Park,
+Secretary, Niagara Falls, Ont.</p>
+
+<p><i>Niagara Historical Society</i>: Miss Janet Carnochan,
+Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson,
+Mrs. Charles Lewis Shaw, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Ontario Historical Society</i>: Dr. Alexander
+Fraser, Secretary, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto</i>:
+Miss M. Agnes FitzGibbon, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>Women's Wentworth Historical Society</i>: Mrs.
+John Calder, Hamilton, President.</p>
+
+<p><i>Governor-General's Body Guard</i>: Lieut.-Colonel
+Frank A. Fleming, W. E. L. Coleman, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>12th Regiment</i>: Major Curran, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>48th Highlanders</i>: Captain Darling, Adjutant.</p>
+
+<p><i>'66 Veterans' Association</i>: Captain Geo. Musson,
+P. E. Noverre, David Creighton, Lieut.-Colonel
+A. E. Belcher, Lieut.-Colonel Geo. A. Shaw,
+Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><i>'85 Veterans' Association</i>: Sergeant A. G. Scovell,
+Toronto.</p></div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<h4><a name="Programme" id="Programme">PROGRAMME ADOPTED</a></h4>
+
+<p>The first meeting of the General Committee thus
+formed was held on September 25th, 1912, in the
+Canadian Foresters' Building, College Street,
+Toronto. There was a large attendance of members.</p>
+
+<p>Colonel Ryerson was appointed Chairman, and
+Miss Helen M. Merrill Secretary, of the Committee.
+The report from the United Empire Loyalist
+Association of Canada, as given above, having been
+read to the meeting, resolutions to the following
+effect were passed:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>(1) That Brock's Day be celebrated by a public
+gathering at Queenston Heights.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>(2) That the various patriotic and historical
+societies, local as well as those within easy reach
+of Queenston, be invited to send as large delegations
+as possible to Brock's Monument on Saturday,
+October 12th, 1912, in commemoration of his
+death.</p>
+
+<p>(3) That the various patriotic and historical
+societies be asked to send wreaths for the purpose
+of decorating Brock's Monument on October 12th.</p>
+
+<p>(4) That a special invitation be sent to Mr. J. A.
+Macdonell, K.C., Alexandria, Ont., to attend the
+celebration as the direct representative of Colonel
+John Macdonell, the Attorney-General of Upper
+Canada, and Brock's Provincial A.D.C., who fell
+with his leader, and whose remains rest beneath
+the monument on Queenston Heights.</p>
+
+<p>(5) That the Honourable the Minister of Militia
+be asked to order that salutes be fired on October
+12th from all saluting points in Canada.</p>
+
+<p>(6) That the churches be asked to arrange that
+memorial sermons be preached throughout Canada
+on Sunday, October 13th.</p>
+
+<p>(7) That suitable exercises relating to Brock
+and 1812 should be held in every school in Canada;
+and that this suggestion be not only given publicity
+through the newspapers, but that the attention
+of the various Ministers of Education in the
+Dominion be specially drawn to it.</p>
+
+<p>(8) That the Superintendent-General of Indian
+Affairs at Ottawa be asked to take measures to
+have the history of Brock and the events of the
+1812 war brought specially before the children in
+all Indian Schools under the charge of the Dominion
+Government.</p>
+
+<p>(9) That a wreath be placed on the picture of
+Brock in the Parliament Buildings, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>(10) That it be suggested to the Dominion Government
+to place a wreath on Brock's Monument
+in St. Paul's Cathedral, London, England.</p></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>An Executive Committee was appointed to further
+these resolutions, consisting of the members
+of the following special committees:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p><i>Travelling Arrangements, etc.</i>: Colonel Ryerson,
+Dr. James L. Hughes, Mr. J. S. Carstairs and Mr.
+C. E. Macdonald.</p>
+
+<p><i>Press</i>: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. Alexander
+Fraser, Mr. F. D. L. Smith, Miss Helen M. Merrill.</p>
+
+<p>Chairman and Secretary of the Executive Committee:
+Colonel Ryerson and Miss Helen M. Merrill.</p></div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_28" id="illo_28"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;">
+<img src="images/028a_illo.jpg" width="600" height="783" alt="" title="Executive Committee" />
+</div>
+
+<p class="cen">Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary Secretary. <span style="margin-left: 2em;">Colonel George S. Ryerson, Chairman.</span><br />
+James L Hughes. LL.D. <span style="margin-left: 2em;">J. Castell Hopkins.</span> <span style="margin-left: 2em;">J. Stewart Carstairs, B.A.</span><br />
+Charles E. Macdonald, Esq. <span style="margin-left: 2em;">Alexander Fraser, LL.D.</span> <span style="margin-left: 3em;">F. D. L. Smith, Esq.</span></p>
+
+<p class="cen">EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>REPORTS OF COMMITTEES</h3>
+
+<p>The General Committee met on October 2nd,
+1912, Colonel Ryerson presiding. The reports of
+the special committees regarding the arrangements
+were very satisfactory, and it was made abundantly
+clear that the proposed celebration had
+touched a tender chord of public feeling. Travelling
+arrangements by train to Niagara Falls and
+by electric car thence to Queenston Heights were
+approved of. The co-operation of the Women's
+Institute, Queenston, was promised in connection
+with the decoration of the grounds there; the
+Ontario Government consented to police the
+grounds, and the Victoria Park Commission to
+reopen the restaurant at the Heights for the day.
+It was agreed to advise the hotels at Niagara Falls,
+Ont., that luncheon would be taken at that town
+on arrival of the train, and to arrange with the
+electric railway for the conveyance of the visitors
+to the Monument. The publicity so generously
+afforded by the press was gratefully acknowledged.
+A letter from Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Alexandria,
+accepting the Committee's invitation, was
+read; and a motion by Mr. F. D. L. Smith that a
+bronze tablet to mark the centenary celebration
+be placed on Brock's Monument was deferred for
+consideration at the next meeting to be held on the
+week following.</p>
+
+<p>At the meeting of the General Committee held
+on October 9th in the Canadian Foresters' Hall,
+Toronto, Colonel Ryerson presiding, the following
+report of the Executive Committee was received
+and adopted:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"The Executive Committee met on October 7th
+and received satisfactory reports of the progress
+made in carrying out the proposals of the
+General Committee. A programme for the celebration
+at Queenston Heights was drafted, and the
+President was requested to arrange with the
+Department of Militia that the permanent forces
+be sent from Toronto to Queenston Heights to take
+part in the proceedings. It was also resolved to
+publish an account of the proceedings in connection
+with the celebration as an interesting record
+of a notable event."</p></div>
+
+<p>The Executive also reported that all arrangements
+had been completed for the journey to
+Queenston Heights; that the Militia Department
+had ordered that salutes be fired from all saluting
+points in Canada on the 12th inst.; that commemorative
+church services would be extensively held
+on the 13th inst.; that special exercises would be
+observed in the public schools in accordance with
+letters received from the Honourable R. A. Pyne,
+M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, Mr.
+Augustus W. Ball, Deputy Minister of Education,
+Saskatchewan, Mr. Alexander Robinson, Superintendent
+of Education, British Columbia, and from
+Mr. R. Fletcher, Deputy Minister of Education,
+Manitoba; that a detachment from the permanent
+infantry force at Toronto would proceed to Queenston
+Heights on the 12th inst.; that the Toronto,
+Hamilton and other corps of militia would be
+represented, and that large delegations from patriotic,
+national and historical societies would take
+part; that many wreaths would be sent to the
+monument; that the Dominion Government had
+ordered its representative in London, England, to
+place a wreath on Brock's Memorial in St. Paul's
+Cathedral; and that letters from prominent public
+men had been received, either regretting their
+inability to take part or accepting the invitations
+to be present.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>This being the last meeting of the General Committee,
+it was agreed to refer the suggestion that
+a bronze centennial tablet be placed on Brock's
+Monument, the striking of a Centennial medal,
+and all business connected with the celebration
+ceremonies, or arising therefrom, to the Executive
+Committee, with full power to dispose of the same.</p>
+
+<p>The meeting then adjourned <i>sine die</i>.</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>CELEBRATING THE DAY</h3>
+
+
+<p>It had been decided to travel by the Grand Trunk
+Railway train leaving Toronto at nine o'clock a.m.
+(a few only going by steamer from Yonge Street
+wharf). The unsettled, rainy weather of the two
+previous days had caused some misgiving as to the
+number of people who might venture on an open
+air demonstration on a cold October day, and the
+grey looming skies at dawn on Saturday, the 12th,
+held no hidden hope of a silver lining. The
+enthusiasm awakened by the name of Brock, however,
+was resistless, and betimes the seats in the
+waiting train were crowded. The Union Station
+witnessed a lively scene&mdash;the soldiers in bright
+colours, the ladies and gentlemen in gay humour,
+and the stirring music of the bagpipes, combining
+to enliven and mark the unusual character of the
+occasion.</p>
+
+<p>At Hamilton a number of friends joined the
+party, and others who could not do so came to the
+railway station to express their good wishes. St.
+Catharines also gave its contingent. Niagara Falls
+was safely reached at 11.45 o'clock.</p>
+
+<p>Shortly afterwards Major Gordon J. Smith,
+Brantford, Superintendent of the Six Nation
+Indians, and a fine delegation arrived, and
+luncheon was served at several of the hotels.</p>
+
+<p>The journey was resumed by electric cars, the
+large company arriving at Queenston Heights in
+the course of an hour.</p>
+
+<p>During the forenoon the sky had cleared, and
+now the sun shone out brightly for a space on a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span>
+landscape unsurpassed anywhere for spacious
+magnificence and scenic beauty. And crowning
+the domed escarpment the stately column spoke
+forth a people's patriotism and love, a memorial
+to the brave, the scene harmonizing with the
+feelings of the great gathering.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_32" id="illo_32"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 746px;">
+<img src="images/032a_illo.jpg" width="746" height="400" alt="" title="First Monument to General Brock at Queenston Heights" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>FIRST MONUMENT TO GENERAL BROCK AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 25em;">&mdash;Ontario Archives.</span></h6>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span></p>
+
+<h3>AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS</h3>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_34" id="illo_34"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/034a_illo.jpg" width="400" height="614" alt="" title="Brock's Monument, Queenston Heights" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.<br />
+
+<span style="margin-left: 10em;">&mdash;From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).</span></h6>
+
+<p><a name="reps" id="reps"></a>About two thousand people gathered at the foot
+of the Monument. Colonel G. Sterling Ryerson,
+President of the General Committee and of the
+U. E. L. Association, presided. Among those
+present were the Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.P.P., Minister
+of Education for Ontario, and Mrs. Pyne;
+A. Claude Macdonell, M.P., Toronto; W. M. German,
+M.P., Welland; Colonel George T. Denison
+(U. E. L. and British Empire League); J. A. Macdonell,
+K.C., Glengarry; A. MacLean Macdonell,
+K.C. (representatives of Colonel the Hon. John
+Macdonell, Provincial A.D.C. to General Brock);
+Dr. Alexander Dame (a relative of Hon. Colonel
+John Macdonell); James L. Hughes, LL.D. (Canadian
+Defence League); Doctor Jessop, M.P.P., St.
+Catharines; Mr. Evan Fraser, M.P.P., Niagara
+Falls, Ont.; Alexander Fraser, LL.D. (Ontario
+Historical Society, St. Andrew's Society, and
+S.O.S. Association); Mr. F. D. W. Smith (Canadian
+Club, Toronto); J. Castell Hopkins (Empire
+Club, Toronto); Miss Helen M. Merrill (Honorary
+Secretary, Brock Centenary, and U. E. L.);
+Miss C. Macdonell; Miss Kate Fraser, Toronto; Mr.
+John Stewart Carstairs, B.A. (Honorary Secretary,
+U. E. L. Association of Canada); Mr. Charles
+E. Macdonald, barrister, Toronto (Honorary Counsellor,
+U. E. L. Association of Canada); Chas. R.
+McCullough, Hamilton (Union of Canadian Clubs).</p>
+
+<p>Royal Canadian College, Kingston: Colonel
+J. H. V. Crowe, Commandant.</p>
+
+<p>Royal Canadian Regiment: Captain J. F. Brown
+(in command), Lieutenant J. W. Cox, and sixty-eight
+non-coms. and men.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Governor-General's Body Guard: Lieut.-Colonel
+Prank A. Fleming, officer commanding; Lieutenant
+A. D. Kirkpatrick; A. M. Stretton, Sergt.-Major,
+W. O.; S.Q.M.S. W. E. Borlace, Sergeant E.
+Pelletier, Mr. W. E. L. Coleman, Robt. D. Cox,
+Q.M. Sgt., 1st Cavalry Brigade; Corporal Worsick,
+Corporal Douglas; Troopers G. L. Collins, E.
+Lightbody, Sewell, Thos. Preston, G. W. C. Clarke,
+John S. Kilpatrick, W. Lennox, W. Hill, S. Norse.</p>
+
+<p>9th Mississauga Horse.</p>
+
+<p>St. Catharines Field Battery: Colonel F. King,
+Lieut.-Colonel Campbell.</p>
+
+<p>Canadian Engineers.</p>
+
+<p>2nd Regt. Q.O.R., Toronto: Sergeant-Major Geo.
+Creighton, Sergeants J. I. Matthews, A. G. Scovell,
+R. F. Reed, W. F. Meaforth, Forsyth, Scott; George
+Sanderson, E. R. Fitzgerald, retired, New Westminster,
+B.C., and others.</p>
+
+<p>10th Regt., "Royal Grenadiers," Toronto:
+Edward Johnston, Geo. H. Briggs, Robert Hazelton,
+and seventeen men under Captain Campbell.</p>
+
+<p>12th Regt., "York Rangers": Major Curran.</p>
+
+<p>13th Regt., Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel Moore,
+Bt. Lieut.-Colonel Ross, C.O., Major Lester.</p>
+
+<p>19th Regt., St. Catharines: Lieut.-Colonel W. W.
+Burleigh and others.</p>
+
+<p>22nd Regt., "Oxford Rifles."</p>
+
+<p>36th "Peel" Regt.: Royal Grafton, Ensign.</p>
+
+<p>48th Regt., "Highlanders," Toronto: Lieut.-Colonel
+W. Hendrie, Major J. A. Currie, and
+thirty-two non-com. officers and men in charge of
+Sergeant Cameron.</p>
+
+<p>91st Regt., Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton:
+Lieut.-Colonel John J. Maclaren and others.</p>
+
+<p>York and Simcoe Battalion, Toronto: Corporal
+Thos. Laird, N.W.F.F., 1885.</p>
+
+<p>North-West Mounted Police: J. W. Scott.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Ridley College Cadets and Bugle Band.</p>
+
+<p>'66 Veterans' Association: P. E. Noverre, President;
+Captain John A. Macdonald, '70; Colonel
+Belcher; Major J. Beck, 33rd Huron Regt.; Captain
+Geo. Musson, John Robinson, Walter R. Nursey;
+Captain John Ford (Chicago Volunteers),
+Past-President; Andrew K. Lauder, Captain F. H.
+McCallum, A. E. Wheeler.</p>
+
+<p>Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association,
+St. Catharines: Jamieson Black, President;
+C. Chapman, Past-President; Robt. J. Black, Vice-President;
+W. H. Drysdale, Treasurer; J. Albert
+Mills, Secretary; George Wilson.</p>
+
+<p>His Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans' Association:
+Mr. C. H. Robertson.</p>
+
+<p>Canadian Militia Veterans: Captain W. Fahey,
+President.</p>
+
+<p>Canadian Baden-Powell Boy Scouts: Ed. Nix,
+J. Gordon Rosser, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>United Empire Loyalist Association of Canada:
+Major W. Napier Keefer, Past-President; Mr.
+R. E. A. Land, Vice-President; Rev. Canon Alex.
+W. Macnab, Honorary Chaplain, and Mrs. Macnab;
+Mr. E. M. Chadwick, K.C., Honorary Genealogist;
+Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mrs.
+Edwards Merrill, Miss Emily Merritt, Miss Catharine
+Merritt, Miss Laura Clarke, Captain G. S.
+Ryerson, Miss Laura Ryerson, Miss Flora Powel,
+Miss J. J. MacCallum (descendant of Laura
+Secord), Miss Henrietta Loft, Miss Affa Loft,
+Major J. G. Beam (retired, 44th Batt.), Captain
+M. S. Boehm (30th Regt.), Mrs. Birdsall (descendant
+of Laura Secord), Niagara Falls.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_36" id="illo_36"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/036a_illo.jpg" width="400" height="686" alt="" title="The Gathering at Queenston Heights" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>CENTRAL SECTION OF A PANORAMIC PICTURE OF THE GATHERING<br />
+AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.</h6>
+
+<p>Council of the Six Nations Indians, Oshwegan,
+Brant County (United Empire Loyalists): Mr.
+Gordon J. Smith (Honorary Chief, De-ha-ka-res,
+Bear Clan, Mohawk Tribe), Superintendent,
+Brantford; Chief Josiah Hill (Sa-ko-ka-ryes, Wolf
+Clan), Secretary; Chief William Smith, Interpreter;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span>
+Chief J. C. Martin, Speaker; Chief J. S.
+Johnson (Ka-nen-kwe-yah), Deputy Speaker;
+Chief J. W. M. Elliott (Mohawk); Chief A. G.
+Smith (De-ka-nen-ra-neh, Bear Clan, Mohawk);
+Chief Elias Lewis (De-ka-ri-ho-gen, Turtle Clan,
+Mohawk); Chief Abraham Lewis (Ah-yon-wah-ehs,
+Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief John A. Gibson
+(Seneca); Chief Peter Isaac (Mudturtle Clan,
+Seneca); Chief Alexander Hill (Ot-go-taw-yen-toun,
+Deer Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief
+Lawrence Jonathan (Sha-ko-ken-he, Eel Clan,
+Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief David Jamieson
+(Cayuga); Chief Jacob Isaac (Hon-wa-sha-de-hon,
+Oneida); Chief Joseph Powless (Ha-dva-dho-nen-ta,
+Wolf Clan, Oneida); Chief Richard Hill (Ra-rih-whi-tyen-tah,
+Wolf Clan, Tuscarora); Chief
+Elias Carrier (Tuscarora); Warrior Frederick O.
+Loft and Mr. Allen W. Johnson, Toronto, Delegates
+to Brock Centenary Committee; Chief
+Isaiah Sickles (Da-Da-hon-den-wen, Bear Clan,
+Oneida); Warrior George Aaron; Daniel McNughton
+(Ha-don-da-he-ha); Dennis Palmerston (Tuscarora,
+American Indian).</p>
+
+<p>Canadian Club, Toronto: Mr. James M. Sinclair,
+Mr. W. J. Clarke, G. Frank Beer, P. H. Jennings,
+J. R. Collins.</p>
+
+<p>Empire Club, Toronto: Mr. Fred B. Fetherstonhaugh,
+K.C., President; Mr. Richard A. Stapells,
+First Vice-President.</p>
+
+<p>British Empire League, Toronto Branch: James
+P. Murray.</p>
+
+<p>Sons of Scotland, Toronto: Dr. John Ferguson,
+Mr. Evan Hugh Fraser, representing Camp Alexander
+Fraser, S.O.S., Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>St. Andrew's Society, Toronto: Captain Herbert
+M. Mowat, K.C., U.E.L., Vice-President; Mr. James
+Murray, Manager; Mr. T. C. Irving, Manager; Mr.
+J. P. Martin, Robert Farquharson.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>St. George's Society, Toronto: Mr. John W.
+Gamble Boyd.</p>
+
+<p>Centre and South Toronto Liberal Conservative
+Association: Mr. Arthur VanKoughnet; Women's
+Branch, Mrs. Arthur VanKoughnet.</p>
+
+<p>York Pioneers' Historical Society, Toronto:
+Daniel Lamb, President; John W. Millar, Secretary;
+John Harvie, J. G. Hughes, Wm. Crocker,
+J. C. Moor, J. Hawley, E. Gegg, Josiah Rogers,
+John F. Ellis, A. E. Wheeler, W. D. McIntosh,
+W. J. Adams.</p>
+
+<p>Knights of Malta and the Grand Chapter of
+Ladies of Justice, Toronto: Mr. R. E. A. Land, Mr.
+A. G. Horwood, Mrs. A. G. Horwood.</p>
+
+<p>British Women's Society: Miss Perkins.</p>
+
+<p>Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire,
+Toronto: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham, Mrs. John Bruce,
+Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Miss Constance Boulton,
+Mrs. E. Humphreys, Mrs. Wm. Humphreys, Mrs.
+E. A. James, Miss Laura Brodigan, Miss Watson,
+Miss Maud Watson.</p>
+
+<p>Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto:
+Miss M. Agnes FitzGibbon, Miss Mickle, Mrs.
+Kearn, Mrs. Campbell Meyers, Miss Clara Port,
+Miss J. J. MacCallum.</p>
+
+<p>Brant Historical Society, Brantford: His Honour
+Judge Hardy, Honorary President; Mr. S. F.
+Passmore, President; Miss Isabella Gilkison, Mr.
+T. W. Standing, Vice-Presidents; Mrs. J. Y.
+Brown, Secretary; Major H. F. Leonard, Curator;
+Mr. J. J. Hawkins.</p>
+
+<p>Lundy's Lane Historical Association, Niagara
+Falls: Mr. J. Jackson, Secretary.</p>
+
+<p>Thorold and Beaver Dams Historical Society:
+T. H. Thompson, President; Miss Amy Ball.</p>
+
+<p>Niagara Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake:
+Miss Janet Carnochan, President; Rev. J. C.
+Garrett, Mrs. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. Ascher, Mrs.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span>
+T. F. Best, Miss M. Ball, Mrs. Bottomley, Miss
+Creed. J. Eckersley, H. Macklem, Mrs. Macklem,
+Wm. Ryan, J. deW. Randall, Mrs. Randall, E. H.
+Shepherd, Mrs. Shepherd, Miss C. Waters, F. Winthrop,
+Mrs. Winthrop, Niagara; R. Field, Miss
+E. L. Lowery, Mrs. H. Usher, Queenston; Miss
+Amy Ball, Thorold; Miss S. Crysler, Niagara
+Falls; J. C. Ball, C. A. Case, St. Catharines; J. S.
+Carstairs, A. J. Clark, Miss E. Long, Mrs. Charles
+Lewis Shaw, Miss Annie Clark, Mr. G. J. Clark,
+Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_38a" id="illo_38a"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 579px;">
+<img src="images/038aa_illo.jpg" width="579" height="500" alt="" title="Floral Tribute Placed on Cenotaph" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>FLORAL TRIBUTE PLACED ON CENOTAPH, WHERE BROCK FELL,<br />
+BY THE GUERNSEY SOCIETY, TORONTO.</h6>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_38b" id="illo_38b"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 581px;">
+<img src="images/038ab_illo.jpg" width="581" height="500" alt="" title="Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights" />
+</div>
+
+<h6><span style="margin-left: 9em;">G. J. Birney.</span><span style="margin-left: 9em;">Sgt. John I. Matthews. Q.O.R.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 2em;">Dr. Chas. F. Durand.</span><span style="margin-left: 4em;">J. L. Birney.</span><span style="margin-left: 1em;">Sgt.-Major Geo. Creighton, Q.O.R.</span><br />
+<br />
+BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.<br /></h6>
+
+<p>Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton:
+Mrs. John Calder, Miss Calder.</p>
+
+<p>Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mr. C. E. Kelly,
+President; G. D. Cadeaur, Secretary; Mr. Harry D.
+Petrie.</p>
+
+<p>Women's Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry
+D. Petrie.</p>
+
+<p>Women's Institute, Queenston: Mrs. A. A. Ramsay.</p>
+
+<p>Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Hamilton:
+Mrs. Harry D. Petrie, Miss B. Gaviller.</p>
+
+<p>St. George's Society, London: Mr. N. F. Willmot.</p>
+
+<p>St. George's Society, Guelph: Mr. H. J. B. Leadlay.</p>
+
+<p>Canadian Business Women's Club, Toronto:
+Miss H. Williamson, Miss Winnifred Macdonald,
+Miss Effie Telfer, Mrs. Anna Fox.</p>
+
+<p>Others present were: Mrs. (Col.) William
+Hendrie, Hamilton; D. Macgregor Whyte, artist,
+Oban, Scotland; Lieutenant-Colonel Fred W.
+Macqueen, Toronto; Wm. Rea, Mrs. Rea, <i>n&#233;e</i> Jane
+Thomas, daughter of Mr. James Thomas, who was
+one of the contractors for the erection of Brock's
+Monument, and resided at Queenston during the
+entire time the Monument was being erected; Rev.
+S. A. Laidlaw, Ridgeway; Mr. W. H. Banfield, Mr.
+Benj. P. McKay, Mr. H. E. Wilmot, Mr. Samuel
+O'Bryen, Miss F. May Simpson, Miss Marjorie<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span>
+FitzGibbon, Miss Perkins, Miss Lulu Crowther,
+Mr. William Moss, Miss J. E. Douglas, Mr. H. B.
+Adams, Miss D. F. Waite, Miss Helen J. Sturrock,
+Mr. James Young, Mr. John Hawley, Mrs. Rees,
+Miss Amelia Rees, Gonnie Rees, A.T.C.M., Toronto;
+Mr. Fred Landon, Press Gallery, Ottawa; Mayor
+J. deW. Randall, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. A.
+Servos, Miss Mary Servos, St. Catharines; Mrs.
+Redhead, Miss Oliver, Niagara; Wm. Milliken,
+Toronto, and Dr. Campbell Meyers, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><a name="wreaths" id="wreaths"></a>The stirring interest taken by the public in the
+celebration was in no way made more apparent
+than by the large number of costly and beautiful
+floral offerings sent to decorate the monument.
+Immediately on assembling on the Heights, these
+expressive tributes were formally received, one by
+one, by Colonel Ryerson. The names of the givers
+were announced by Mr. Chas. E. Macdonald, who
+also read out the patriotic mottoes and inscriptions.
+The wreaths were then carefully placed on
+the monument, and so numerous were they that
+they almost covered its huge base. The luxuriant
+ivy growing on the lower masonry was richly tinted
+with autumnal bronze, and on the natural background
+thus unexpectedly provided, the delighted
+celebrators worked out an effective colour scheme.
+It has not been possible to obtain a complete list
+of those who brought wreaths with them, but the
+following were noted:</p>
+
+<p>A magnificent Cross of St. George, made of oak
+leaves, from the Guernsey Society of Guernsey
+Island, Brock's birthplace, was placed on the cenotaph
+which marks the place where Brock fell, by
+Mr. J. L. Burney, whose father was a lieutenant
+under Brock and was by his side when the General
+was fatally stricken.</p>
+
+<p>J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, A. McLean
+Macdonell, K.C., Toronto, and Angus Claude Macdonell,
+K.C., M.P., Toronto, as representatives of
+the family of Colonel the Honourable John<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span>
+Macdonell, General Brock's aide-de-camp and military
+secretary, placed on the monument two handsome
+wreaths of laurel leaves, decorated with white and
+pink heather and heavily trimmed with purple, one
+to the memory of Brock, and one, with the motto
+"From Kith and Kin," to the memory of their
+kinsman, Colonel Macdonell.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_40" id="illo_40"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 702px;">
+<img src="images/040a_illo.jpg" width="702" height="400" alt="" title="Memorial Wreaths on the Tombs of Brock and Macdonell" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>MEMORIAL WREATHS ON THE TOMBS, AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, OF MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ISAAC BROCK. Kt., AND<br />
+COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL, P.A.D.C., ATTORNEY-GENERAL OF UPPER CANADA.<br /><br />
+
+Placed there by Mr. John Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell. K.C., M.P., Toronto, and Mr. A. McLean<br />
+Macdonell. K.C., Toronto (with the motto, "From kith and kin." on that of the latter).</h6>
+
+<p>Colonel George T. Denison placed a wreath from
+the British Empire League (England), he being
+the President of the Canadian branch.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. J. Murray McCheyne Clark, K.C., LL.B.,
+Toronto, sent a wreath on behalf of the Toronto
+branch of the British Empire League, of which he
+is the President.</p>
+
+<p>Wreaths were sent by the Canadian Club,
+Toronto; the Canadian Club, Hamilton; the Caroline
+School pupils, Hamilton; Centre and South
+Toronto Conservative Club, Ladies' Branch; Governor-General's
+Body Guard, Toronto; 91st Regiment
+Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton; Imperial
+Order Daughters of the Empire, Toronto; Imperial
+Order Daughters of the Empire, Hamilton; Chapter
+General of Canada Knights of Malta and the
+Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>Mrs. Fessenden, as founder of Empire Day, sent
+a sheaf of crimson carnations tied with the national
+colours. To this was attached, with a League of
+the Empire brooch, a card bearing this inscription
+from Palgrave:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"If the day of a nation's weakness rise,<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">Of the little counsels that dare not dare,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Of a land that no more on herself relies,&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">O breathe of the great ones that were,<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">Burn out this taint in the air!<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">The old heart of England restore,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Till the blood of heroes awake and cry on her bosom once more."<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p>Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls,
+Ont.; 9th Mississauga Horse; Niagara District<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span>
+Veteran Volunteers' Association, St. Catharines&mdash;Mr.
+Jamieson Black, as President, placed a wreath on
+the grave as a tribute from St. Catharines. For
+many years this Association has placed a wreath
+at the foot of the tomb of Brock at their annual
+outing at Queenston Heights.</p>
+
+<p>Niagara Falls City, Ontario, Mayor and Aldermen;
+Niagara Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake;
+Niagara Public Schools; Ontario Historical
+Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St.
+George's Society, Toronto; St. George's Society,
+Hamilton; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association;
+Sons of Scotland, Camp "Alexander Fraser";
+Six Nations Indians (Oshwegan), Brantford;
+United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada,
+Toronto; Upper Canada Old Boys' Association,
+Toronto; Welland County Teachers' Association;
+Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto&mdash;Wreath
+of scarlet gladioli and carnations tied with
+scarlet and green, the colors of the Society, the
+motto in gold on a green band: "Deeds Speak";
+Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton.</p>
+
+<p>Miss Ball, granddaughter of Captain John Clement
+Ball, carried a lithograph of the battle scene
+(Queenston Heights) made in 1813 from a sketch
+by Major Dennis as he lay wounded on the field,
+October 13th, 1812.</p>
+
+<p>In addition to the wreath placed on the monument
+the United Empire Loyalists hung a wreath
+on the portrait of General Brock in the Parliament
+Buildings, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p><a name="scene" id="scene"></a>The scene presented was unique, and in many
+respects a remarkable one. Not the least striking
+feature was the character of the gathering.
+Descendants of soldiers who fought with Brock
+were there, some of them carrying the burden of
+years, some barely out of childhood's leash. Others,
+and scarcely less interested in the proceedings,
+represented loyal and patriotic societies, widely
+spread over the Province. The Indian contingent<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span>
+from the Six Nations occupied a conspicuous place
+of honour most worthily, their presence recalling
+the signal service rendered by their brave forefathers
+at Queenston Heights and in the campaign
+generally. The military detachments added colour
+to the animated scene. The men of the Royal Canadian
+Regiment, of the Governor-General's Body
+Guard, of the Forty-eighth Highlanders, the
+Queen's Own, the Royal Grenadiers, the Mississauga
+Horse, the Ridley College Cadets, and of
+other corps, were drawn up on the outside of the
+crowd, and beyond them, on the escarpment, the
+St. Catharines' Battery, Field Artillery, was stationed.
+Over all floated the Union Jack.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_42" id="illo_42"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/042ab_illo.jpg" width="802" height="500" alt="" title="Memorial Wreaths" /></div>
+
+<table border="0" width="800" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="Wreaths" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto">
+<col style="width:50%;" />
+<col style="width:50%;"  />
+
+<tr><td><h6>WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT IN ST. PAUL'S<br />
+CATHEDRAL, LONDON, ENG. BY THE<br />
+GOVERNMENT OF CANADA.</h6></td>
+<td><h6>WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON<br />
+HEIGHTS, BY THE IMPERIAL ORDER OF THE<br />
+DAUGHTERS OF THE EMPIRE.</h6></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_42c" id="illo_42c"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/042c_illo.jpg" width="802" height="438" alt="" title="Conferring Tribal Membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill" /></div>
+
+<h6>BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS<br />
+<br />
+Conferring tribal membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill, who on adoption into the Oneida Nation received<br />
+the name "Kah-ya-tonhs" (One who keeps records).</h6>
+
+<p><a name="flags" id="flags"></a>An incident of the gathering in which much interest
+was shown was the unfurling of an old, historic
+Union Jack from the top of Brock's Monument by
+Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary of the Committee.
+When the first monument erected to Brock at
+Queenston was destroyed (17th April, 1840) a
+great indignation meeting was held on the
+Heights. Among those present was a British
+sailor from one of the ships that conveyed the
+Toronto people to the meeting. He had brought
+with him a Union Jack, and climbing to the top
+of the broken shaft, waved it aloft, amid the cheers
+of the assembled patriots. The flag was preserved,
+and Mr. Comer, Kingston, Ont., readily
+loaned it for this special occasion. Accompanying
+Miss Merrill to the top of the monument with the
+flag were Misses Marjorie FitzGibbon and Laura
+Brodigan and Mr. Allen W. Johnson (Six
+Nations).</p>
+
+<p>Several relics of the War of 1812-14 were shown
+by their possessors, who held them sacred, among
+them a Union Jack, carried by Chief Paudash
+(Johnson) of the Mississauga Indians, from the
+Ontario Archives Department; early sketches of
+the Queenston battlefield, and pictures of officers
+who took part in the war.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>At the close of the speeches the Six Nation
+Indians present formed a Council, and, in recognition
+of her services as Honorary Secretary of the
+Celebration Committee, conferred on Miss Helen M.
+Merrill the honour of tribal membership by the
+name "Kah-ya-tonhs"&mdash;one who keeps records.</p>
+
+<p>The wreaths having been placed, the programme
+of the day was opened by the firing of a general
+salute by the 7th St. Catharines Field Battery of
+the Royal Canadian Artillery. This was followed
+by the playing of a lament for the dead by the
+pipers of the Forty-eighth Highlanders and Pipe-Major
+Dunbar, piper to Lieut.-Colonel William
+Hendrie, of Hamilton.</p>
+
+<p><a name="letters" id="letters"></a>Letters expressing regret for inability to be
+present were read by Colonel Ryerson from the
+following gentlemen: The Right Honourable R. L.
+Borden, M.P., Prime Minister of Canada; His
+Honour Sir John M. Gibson, K.C.M.G., Lieutenant-Governor
+of Ontario; Colonel the Honourable
+Samuel Hughes, M.P., Minister of Militia, Ottawa;
+the Honourable Sir James P. Whitney, Prime Minister
+of Ontario; Major-General C. J. Mackenzie,
+C.B., C.G.S., Ottawa; Major-General W. D. Otter,
+C.V.O., C.B.; Major-General D. A. Macdonald,
+C.M.G., Ottawa; Brig.-General F. L. Lessard, C.B.;
+Colonel R. W. Rutherford, M.G.O.; Dr. R. A. Falconer,
+President, University of Toronto; Hugh
+Munro, M.P.P., Glengarry.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_44" id="illo_44"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/044a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="448" alt="" title="Six Nation Indians Celebrating Brock's Centenary at Queenston Heights" /></div>
+
+<h6>SIX NATION INDIANS CELEBRATING BROCK'S CENTENARY AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.<br />
+<br />
+Abram Lewis (holding silver pipe of peace), Chief Alexander Hill, Chief A. G. Smith</h6>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_45" id="illo_45"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;">
+<img src="images/044b_illo.jpg" width="400" height="698" alt="" title="Colonel George Sterling Ryerson" /></div>
+
+
+<h6>COLONEL GEORGE STERLING RYERSON. CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEE.</h6>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>THE SPEECHES</h2>
+
+<p>The preliminaries over, the gathering was addressed
+by a number of well known gentlemen whose
+speeches follow:</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><a name="Ryerson" id="Ryerson"></a></p>
+<h3>COLONEL G. STERLING RYERSON<br />
+
+<small>Chairman of the General Committee</small></h3>
+
+<p>This meeting to-day is held to commemorate the
+death of a brave and wise man who died in the defence
+of his country. It is not a pean of victory we
+sing but a requiem. We are not here to glorify war;
+nor is our object to exult over our brave but
+defeated adversary. Rather is it an occasion when
+Canadians should pause and look back over the
+past and give praise to God that in the days of
+stress and storm He raised up great, good and
+brave men who were willing and able to fight for
+their king and country in order that they might
+enjoy civil and religious liberty under the British
+flag, and that they might hand down to their posterity
+a fair and goodly heritage which they had won
+from the primeval forests by their labour and sacrifices.
+The United Empire Loyalists came to this
+country not as those who desired to better their
+condition in life, nor were they possessed by land
+hunger, nor by ideas of political and social aggrandisement.
+They came solely because of their devotion
+to the British Crown and Constitution, and
+because they preferred to live in peace and poverty
+under a monarchical Government rather than in
+wealth and discord under republican institutions.
+It was to these men that Brock appealed, nor did
+he appeal in vain when war was declared. It was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span>
+on July 27th, 1812, that in reply to an address
+from the Assembly of Upper Canada he said:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"Gentlemen: When invaded by an enemy whose
+avowed object is the entire conquest of the Province,
+the voice of loyalty as well as of interest
+calls aloud to every person in the sphere in which
+he is placed, to defend his country. Our militia
+have heard the voice and have obeyed it. They
+have evinced by the promptitude and loyalty of
+their conduct that they are worthy of the king
+whom they serve, and of the constitution which
+they enjoy; and it affords me particular satisfaction,
+that while I address you as legislators, I speak
+to men who, in the day of danger, will be ready to
+assist not only with their counsel, but with arms."</p>
+
+<p>He concluded as follows: "We are engaged in
+an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and
+despatch in our councils, and by vigour in our
+operations, we may teach the enemy this lesson,
+that a country defended by free men, enthusiastically
+devoted to the cause of their king and constitution,
+can never be conquered."</p></div>
+
+<p>We know the response, and others who will follow
+me will speak of it in greater detail. With
+the Canadian poet we can say and sing:</p>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"We boast not of the victory,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">But render homage, deep and just,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">To his and their immortal dust,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Who proved so worthy of their trust&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">No lofty pile nor sculptured bust<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">Can herald their degree.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"No tongue need blazon forth their fame&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">The cheers that stir the sacred hill<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Are but the promptings of the will<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">That conquered then, that conquers still;<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">And generations yet shall thrill<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">At Brock's remembered name."<br /></span>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span></div></div>
+
+<p>Nor must it be supposed that the United Empire
+Loyalists and their children were the only men
+who responded to Brock's call to arms. Our
+gallant French-Canadian compatriots were not a
+whit behind in their hearty response. Coming from
+a brave and adventurous race, they performed
+deeds of valour and endurance equal to the best in
+the defence of our country. The hardy Highlanders
+of Glengarry, too, were rallied to the flag by
+the Macdonells. Not the least active among these
+Scottish Roman Catholic Loyalists was the Rev.
+Alexander Macdonell, a priest who afterwards
+became the "Good Bishop," a brave and loyal man
+whose country's welfare was ever near to his heart.
+Another Macdonell, George, was second in command
+of the Glengarry Regiment, and still another,
+Colonel John Macdonell, was aide-de-camp to
+Brock in addition to being Attorney-General of
+the Province. He, alas, lost his life in his gallant
+efforts to second his chief at this battle which we
+commemorate to-day. Scotsmen are ever brave
+and loyal, and we have in the Scottish population
+of the country an element on whom we can rely in
+time of danger.</p>
+
+<p>Let us not forget that we owe not a little to our
+Indian allies in the War of 1812. Tecumseh and
+Brant played great parts. Nor was Brock niggardly
+in his praise. After the fall of Detroit he
+says in his despatch to the Governor-General:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"The conduct of the Indians, under Colonel
+Elliot, Captain McKee and other officers of the
+department, joined to that of the gallant and brave
+of their respective tribes, has since the commencement
+of the war been marked with acts of true
+heroism, and in nothing can they testify more
+strongly their love for their King, their great
+Father, than in following the dictates of honour
+and humanity by which they have hitherto been
+actuated."</p></div>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Why do we single out Brock as a hero among so
+many who have rendered good service to the country?
+I think that it is because he was a man of
+loyalty, vigour, energy and administrative ability;
+because he was the embodiment of the patriotism
+and loyalty of the people; because he had within
+him the power to inspire others with the spirit
+of patriotism and self-sacrifice; and above and
+beyond all, it is due to his efforts, and to the spirit
+of resistance and Imperialism to which he gave
+form and substance, that Canada to-day is an
+integral part of the British Empire, and a daughter
+nation within that great galaxy of the nations
+known as the British Empire.</p>
+
+<p>What does it mean to be a British citizen? What
+benefits accrue to us by having this status? Are
+not the paths of the sea open to us and to our commerce
+by the grace of the British navy? Can we
+not go to all parts of the world as individuals,
+knowing that the Union Jack protects us? Is it
+a small privilege to share in the brave deeds of the
+British army? Are we not proud of our common
+literature, and are not Shakespeare and Milton
+and Tennyson our very own? Not borrowed
+plumes we are wearing, but our own. And are not
+the benefits of British civil, religious and political
+liberty ours also? Is not British justice and
+administration of the law something to be proud
+of and to be thankful for? What should we do to
+maintain our status as a partner, a full partner,
+in the Imperial concern? Is it not our bounden
+duty to contribute directly to the support of the
+British navy? Are we to lag behind the other self-governing
+nations of the Empire in this essential
+duty? A thousand times No! A Government
+which will subscribe twenty-five millions of dollars
+for this purpose, and at once, can go to the polls
+in perfect confidence when their time comes to ask
+the people for their verdict.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Some good people seem to think that the time
+of universal peace is at hand. One has only to
+look at the state of affairs in Europe on this very
+day, to perceive how far we are removed from the
+millennium. In time of peace we must prepare for
+war; preparation for war is the best insurance
+policy against it. We wish to live at peace with
+all nations, but at all costs and at all hazards we
+must defend our shores. Universal military service
+is the duty of the Canadian people in the near
+future. The people will be better for it morally
+and physically. It will surely come, for the policy
+of the future is the maintenance of the integrity of
+the British Empire. We love our country, we
+believe it has a great future; we must make it
+secure. What says a sweet singer of Canada:</p>
+
+<div class="poem2"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">"O strong hearts guarding the birthright of our glory,<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">Worth your best blood this heritage ye guard:<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Those mighty streams resplendent with story,<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">These iron coasts by rage of seas unjarred&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">What fields of peace these bulwarks well secure:<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">What vales of plenty these calm floods supply:<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Shall not our love this rough, sweet land make sure,<br /></span>
+<span class="i3">Her bounds preserve inviolate, though we die:<br /></span>
+<span class="i5">O strong hearts of the North<br /></span>
+<span class="i5">Let flame your loyalty forth,<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">And put the craven and the base to open shame<br /></span>
+<span class="i1">Till earth shall know the Child of Nations by her Name."</span>
+</div></div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span></p>
+<p><a name="Macdonell1" id="Macdonell1"></a></p>
+
+<h3>MR. ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, M.P.<br />
+
+<small>Toronto</small></h3>
+
+<p>We have gathered here to-day as Canadians
+to commemorate an event which will be ever
+dear to us and our posterity. One hundred
+years ago Sir Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper
+Canada, died in battle upon this field in
+defence of his country and the flag. In the past
+we have learned and heard altogether too little
+of this truly great man, and of what he accomplished;
+it is not too much to say that he preserved
+Canada to the Empire and at the same time created
+a national sentiment in Canada which has ever
+grown and expanded to the present day. The
+national importance of the battle of Queenston
+Heights, following the capitulation of Detroit, cannot
+be over-estimated; national sentiment or a feeling
+of nationhood was even then manifesting itself
+in this young colony. The peoples who had settled
+in Canada sprang from races which had always
+stood out strongly for national identity&mdash;the English
+glory in their historic past; the Scottish race,
+to which my forefathers belonged and which to
+some extent I represent, on this occasion, are noted
+for their love of country; and so with the other
+races which made up the United Empire Loyalist
+settlers of Upper Canada at the time of the War
+of 1812-14. Our national heart was created and
+stirred in this century-old war, and the heartbeats
+have ever become stronger down to this day, and
+we now look back through the mists of one hundred
+years to Sir Isaac Brock as the first true source of
+national sentiment which fertilized our country,
+and stamped it as British and Canadian forever.</p>
+
+<p>Our object in coming here to-day, after we have
+enjoyed one hundred years of blessed peace with
+our neighbours to the south, is not to perpetuate
+national hostility, or even to cherish a mere military<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span>
+spirit; we hope and pray and fully believe that
+this peace will ever exist between us and our
+American brothers. Our object in coming here
+to-day is to honour the name and memory of one
+who was chiefly instrumental in bringing about
+that blessed peace, and in preserving our country
+to enjoy it; and in the name of peace we say that
+the ground upon which we stand to-day is consecrated
+and distinguished by the valour of our
+soldier hero, who gave up his life on this spot in
+the first great battle of the War of 1812 to purchase
+that peace which a grateful country has ever since
+enjoyed.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_51" id="illo_51"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/050a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="434" alt="" title="Angus Claude Macdonell, Esq." />
+</div>
+
+<h6>ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, ESQ., K.C., M.P., ADDRESSING THE GATHERING.</h6>
+
+<p>This monument under which we stand is a fit
+emblem of everlasting peace and at the same time
+it fittingly commemorates the glorious death of the
+man in memory of whom it was raised. We Canadians
+should ever be grateful to Divine Providence
+for having favoured us with such an able civil and
+military chief, because Brock was both the chief
+executive in our civil affairs and Commander-in-Chief
+of the forces. As Administrator of the
+Province of Upper Canada he was able and prudent;
+as Commander-in-Chief he was experienced
+and fearless. It remained, however, for the great
+chief Tecumseh to read the true character of the
+man as man. When they first met, Tecumseh
+turned to his fellow chiefs and allies, and, pointing
+to Brock, who stood by him, said, "This is a man!"
+The correctness of this opinion was borne out in
+both the life and death of Brock.</p>
+
+<p>Our hero was ever dutiful. He always performed
+his duty and saw that others did likewise. The
+performance of duty was ever uppermost in his
+mind, and his ideals were always high, his aspirations
+noble. Permit me to quote here one of his
+first General Orders issued to the troops immediately
+upon his taking the field on the 4th of
+July, 1812:</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"The Major-General calls the serious attention
+of every militiaman to the efforts making by the
+enemy to destroy and lay waste this flourishing
+country; they must be sensible of the great stake
+they have to contend for and will, by their conduct,
+convince the enemy that they are not desirous of
+bowing their necks to a foreign yoke. The Major-General
+is determined to devote his best energies
+to the defence of the country, and has no doubt
+that, supported by the zeal, activity and determination
+of the loyal inhabitants of this Province, he
+will successfully repel every hostile attack, and
+preserve to them inviolate all that they hold dear."</p></div>
+
+<p>The result of the war proves how well Brock
+himself lived up to these sentiments.</p>
+
+<p>Let us always remember that the War of 1812
+was not of our making. On the 18th of June, 1812,
+President Madison declared war against Great
+Britain, with Canada as the point of attack. The
+"Right of Search," the power to search for contraband
+or for deserters on board of American ships,
+was claimed by Britain, but was resisted by the
+United States. Strange to say, this claim was
+abandoned by Great Britain the very day before
+war was declared by President Madison, yet the
+war was declared and went on. It will be readily
+seen that Canada had absolutely nothing to do
+with this war or its alleged cause, the "Right of
+Search"; and yet, in making this war on Canada,
+the United States placed itself on record as approving
+a forcible invasion of a neighbouring peaceful
+country and of involving it in all the horrors of
+war. At that time the United States had eight
+million people, Upper Canada had barely eighty
+thousand. At the very outset the Americans placed
+upon a war footing one hundred and seventy-five
+thousand men, whereas there were less than ten
+thousand men of all kinds capable of bearing arms
+in Upper Canada. These figures give us an idea<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span>
+of the very great disparity both in numbers and
+fighting strength between the two peoples so far
+as we in Upper Canada were concerned. During
+the two and a half years of the war there were no
+less than twelve separate and distinct invasions of
+Canada, and fifty-six military and naval engagements,
+the great majority of which were won by
+our forces. While Brock lived his genius and spirit
+guided and inspired the defence of the country, and
+after his death his noble example and the preparations
+he had made for war during his life encouraged
+and enabled the people to repel the invader.</p>
+
+<p>Under the guise of strict discipline and the grim
+visage of a soldier and fighting man, Isaac Brock
+possessed a warm human heart; he was ever solicitous
+for the comfort and well-being of his people
+and especially of his militia soldiers, and on every
+occasion consistent with the safety of the Province
+he relaxed the rigours of war and would permit the
+militia to return to their homes and farms. This
+is evidenced by many of his Militia General Orders.
+An extract from Militia General Orders of 26th of
+August, 1812, immediately after the capture of
+Detroit, reads as follows:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"Major-General Brock has ever felt anxious to
+study the comforts and conveniences of the militia,
+but the conduct of the detachments which lately
+accompanied him to Detroit has if possible
+increased his anxiety on this subject. The present
+cessation of hostilities enables him to dispense
+with the services of a large proportion of them for
+a short period."</p></div>
+
+<p>We very naturally ask ourselves who these troops
+were for whose welfare General Brock was always
+so solicitous. There were of course some British
+regular troops in Canada, noticeably the Forty-ninth,
+Brock's own regiment, but during the earlier
+stages of the war, and while Brock lived, the men
+of the Province, militia and yeomanry, had to be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span>
+relied upon mainly; these chiefly were the men of
+the York, Glengarry, Norfolk and other militia
+regiments; every loyal man capable of bearing arms
+in the Province turned out to fight, or to help those
+who fought. The York and Glengarry militia
+served with great distinction, and I may perhaps
+be permitted to refer to the fact that forty-three
+gentlemen of my own name and family connection
+held commissions in the various regiments in that
+war. In connection with this I might further mention
+a somewhat curious incident. My own grandfather,
+Colonel Alexander Macdonell, was taken
+prisoner by the Americans at the Battle of
+Niagara, and was confined as a prisoner at Lancaster,
+Pennsylvania, in the very same prison in
+which his own father, Captain Allan Macdonell,
+had been confined by the Revolutionary States as
+a prisoner of war during the Revolutionary War,
+1776-83.</p>
+
+<p>Now, happily, all is peace; we have enjoyed one
+hundred years of peace and we thank Divine Providence
+for it. We have had preserved to us by
+Brock and those who fought and fell with him a
+rich kingdom; we possess it in peace and happiness
+and great prosperity. This is an age of peace, and
+in this age and generation it is fit that we should
+advance all the works and arts of peace; a very
+great trust in this respect has been handed down
+to us and confided to our safe keeping. In these
+days of our prosperity we must protect and defend
+and develop this great country, this rich heritage
+which the heroism of our forefathers has preserved
+to us. We must not only conserve it, but we must
+better it and develop it, and make useful to man
+all these possessions which have been given us.
+Our ideals and ambitions must always be high, and
+if we find ourselves faltering let us look upon this
+splendid monument and think of the hero in
+honour of whom it was raised; and let us at all
+times remember that now as in 1812 in unity we<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span>
+possess our strength; we must become one people
+if we are to be a great people, with one great common
+country. We have many Provinces but only
+one Canada.</p>
+
+<p>It has been well said by one of Brock's
+biographers that "it remains for the youth of
+Canada to profoundly cherish the memory of Isaac
+Brock and to never lose an opportunity to follow
+the example set for them by his splendid deeds."
+It has also been truly said that "he fell ere he saw
+the star of his country rise," and, although the sky
+over this battlefield upon which his eyes closed
+forever one hundred years ago was cloudy and
+overcast, yet because he lived and died those who
+came after him enjoy the cloudless sunshine of
+peace and happiness.</p>
+
+<p>Brock's family motto was "He who guards never
+sleeps." We know how faithfully he guarded and
+safeguarded his country in life, and let us pray
+that in death under this monument he sleeps well.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><a name="Pyne" id="Pyne"></a></p>
+<h3>HON. DR. R. A. PYNE<br />
+
+<small>Minister of Education, Ontario</small></h3>
+
+<p>I have a great deal of pleasure in being present
+here to-day on this historic spot, and am deeply
+sensible of the honour conferred upon me in asking
+me to represent the Government of Ontario on this
+occasion.</p>
+
+<p>We are meeting here to-day to commemorate the
+deeds of a great man who passed away in his effort
+to save this part of the world for the British
+Empire. We must remember that at the time of
+the battle this part of the world was a wilderness,
+and Sir Isaac Brock's wonderful capabilities
+enabled him to consolidate the people of this
+sparsely settled country, not forgetting our dear
+old friends the Indians. With a handful of people,
+as compared with the country to the south of us,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span>
+he made a gallant defence, and, as I said, retained
+this part of the world for the British Empire. He
+was not only a great soldier, but a diplomat and a
+statesman, and whatever his vision may have been
+one hundred years ago, everyone will agree with
+me that it was of such a character that he retained
+one of the best and finest parts of the world for
+Great Britain.</p>
+
+<p>Let me say a word regarding the loyalty, the love
+of home and patriotism that existed at that time
+on this field of battle, and it might be asked, what
+are we doing to-day to create a sentiment of patriotism
+and loyalty to our country and flag? Let me
+contrast the efforts made in Canada to create a
+patriotic and national sentiment as compared with
+the country to the south of us. Just here let me
+tell you a short story regarding what occurred to
+myself in the city of Detroit some years ago, before
+I was a member of the Legislative Assembly or had
+any thought of public life. I have always remembered
+it with the keenest appreciation of the great
+work in which the people to the south of us are
+engaged, inculcating in the youth of the country a
+loyal and patriotic sentiment. I was in Detroit on
+a school <i>f&#234;te</i> day when the children of each school
+were marshalled together for a march past the
+Detroit City Hall, where they had a large picture
+of the President surrounded by their national flag,
+the Stars and Stripes. As each school reached the
+entrance to the City Hall the scholars halted,
+saluted, and gave three cheers. To a little urchin
+on the street near me who was selling papers I
+said, "Why do they stop and cheer?" He replied,
+"They are cheering for the old flag which we call
+'Old Glory,' and, sir, let me tell you that is the flag
+that was never licked!" I possibly did not agree
+with the accuracy of his history, but I realized the
+sentiment that had been created in that youngster's
+mind, a sentiment of loyalty and patriotism no
+doubt inculcated in his mind at school.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>You may reasonably ask, "What are we doing to
+create a sentiment of loyalty and patriotism in this
+country?" and I may say that we have succeeded in
+placing the Union Jack, the flag of civilization, over
+every rural school in the Province of Ontario. I
+am also reminded of what took place the other day
+in the State of New Jersey, and as you are a reading
+people, this episode would not pass unnoticed by
+you&mdash;it appeared in all of the papers of last week.
+A boy attending a high school in the State of New
+Jersey was asked, as is their custom Monday morning,
+to salute the flag and to announce allegiance to
+the United States. The boy stated that he had no
+objection to salute the flag, but he could not give
+his allegiance to the United States as he was a
+British subject. Mr. President, I find that the State
+regulations of New Jersey call upon every scholar
+in their schools to salute the flag on each Monday
+morning and to declare their allegiance to the
+United States. This boy, being a British subject,
+could not conform to that part of the regulations,
+and was dismissed from the school. What would
+our people think of a regulation of that kind? I
+leave it for your meditation.</p>
+
+<p>I hope and trust this meeting will be an inspiration
+that will extend all over this Dominion of Canada,
+and that some definite and proper way shall
+be found to commemorate the deeds of our ancestors
+and those great heroes whose efforts we to-day jubilate
+in this part of Canada, realizing the great
+heritage that has become ours through the agency
+of those great men who have passed away. May
+Canada always remain a part&mdash;and by the
+Almighty's help I believe it will always remain a
+part&mdash;of the British Empire.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. President, let me congratulate the Historical
+Societies, the volunteers and cadets here assembled
+for bringing about this wonderful meeting, which
+I trust will have an influence in making this an
+annual celebration for all time to come.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span></p>
+<p><a name="Denison" id="Denison"></a></p>
+<h3>COLONEL GEORGE T. DENISON<br />
+
+<small>Toronto</small></h3>
+
+<p>It is a great satisfaction to me to be here to-day
+and to know that so many patriotic societies and
+organizations have clubbed together to commemorate
+so splendidly the one hundredth anniversary
+of the notable victory gained upon this field.</p>
+
+<p>The great, virile nations of the world have always
+commemorated the brave deeds and victories of
+their fathers. The Romans did everything in their
+power to inspire their young men with love of
+country by relating stories of their glorious past.
+Some of them were evidently legends, but they all
+tended to create and instil a pure national spirit.</p>
+
+<p>For five hundred years after Marathon the
+Athenians commemorated the glorious victory won
+against overwhelming odds. The Spartans never
+forgot the death of Leonidas and his three hundred
+brave, unflinching followers, who died for the
+honour of their country at Thermopyl&#230;. Pausanias
+the historian was able to read six hundred years
+after upon a column erected to their memory in
+Sparta, the names of the three hundred Spartans
+who had died with their king in that fight.</p>
+
+<p>In Russia also the same spirit of reverence for
+their great heroes has always shown itself. Dimitry
+saved Russia by a great victory over the Tartars
+in 1380. Over five hundred years have elapsed,
+but still the name of Dimitry Donskoi lives in the
+memory and the songs of the Russian people, and
+still on "Dimitry's Saturday," the anniversary of
+the battle, prayers are offered up in memory of the
+brave men who fell on that day in defence of their
+country.</p>
+
+<p>Switzerland is another example of the patriotism
+of a free people. They won their freedom by
+three great victories won against overwhelming
+odds at Morgarten, Sempach and Naefels. Naefels<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span>
+was the final victory, and every year the people
+commemorate the great event. In solemn procession
+the people revisit the battlefield and the Landamman
+tells the fine old story of their deliverance
+from foreign rule. The five hundredth anniversary
+was celebrated in 1888, and people from
+all parts of Switzerland flocked to participate in
+the patriotic and religious services. This national
+spirit has kept Switzerland free although surrounded
+by great powers. Her children are all
+trained as soldiers in their public schools, and compulsory
+training of all their youth is rigidly
+enforced. We could learn a lesson from them in
+this.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_58" id="illo_58"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/058a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="376" alt="" title="Speakers of the Day" />
+</div>
+
+<table border="0" width="800" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="Speakers" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto">
+<col style="width:30%;" />
+<col style="width:30%;" />
+<col style="width:30%;" />
+
+<tr><td><h6>Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of<br />
+Education, Toronto.<br /><br />
+&nbsp;</h6></td>
+<td><h6>James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of<br />
+Schools, Toronto.<br /><br />
+SPEAKERS OF THE DAY</h6></td>
+<td><h6>Colonel George T. Denison,<br />
+Toronto.<br /><br />
+&nbsp;</h6></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>Canada has shown the same virile spirit as other
+great nations, and we may take pride in the way in
+which our people have recognized what they owe
+to General Brock and the men who fought with
+him on this field one hundred years ago. This spot
+has seen several inspiring demonstrations.</p>
+
+<p>Brock and Macdonell had been buried in Fort
+George in 1812. In 1824 their remains were
+removed and buried again under the first monument
+here. In 1824 there were no railways, practically
+no steamers, and the population of the Province
+was very small, and yet in the funeral cortege
+there were 560 men on horseback, 285 carriages
+and wagons, and thousands of persons on foot, in
+all estimated at about ten thousand people, who
+followed the remains the seven miles from Niagara
+to this place. That was a remarkable tribute to
+the memory of the great general.</p>
+
+<p>In 1840 the monument was blown up on Good
+Friday by an Irish rebel or Fenian named Benjamin
+Lett. This aroused intense indignation
+throughout the Province, and a great demonstration
+was organized to arrange for building a new
+monument on a grander scale. The meeting was
+held in July, 1840, and a great number of the foremost
+men in public life attended. Ten steamers,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span>
+all crowded with people, moved up the river in
+procession. About eight thousand persons were
+present. A new monument was decided upon and
+it is here above us now. It is a wonderful monument
+to have been erected by a small community
+when there was very little wealth in the country.
+This monument is as a column the finest and grandest
+I have seen. I put it far above the column to
+Alexander I. in front of the Winter Palace in
+St. Petersburg. It is about forty feet higher than
+the one to Nelson in Trafalgar Square. The
+National German Monument in the Neiderwald
+does not strike me as being so impressive.</p>
+
+<p>In 1859, on the anniversary of the battle, there
+was another great gathering here for the inauguration
+of the monument. I was here with a detachment
+of my corps and there were a great many
+other detachments and people, and about two hundred
+of the old veterans of the war who came again
+to do honour to their dead chief. In the following
+year the late King was visiting Canada, and
+naturally he came here to do honour to the memory
+of the great general and to meet the surviving
+veterans of the war. There was another great
+demonstration and I was there on that occasion
+also. Could anything show more clearly the deep
+hold that General Brock had on the affection
+and memory of the Canadian people than these
+repeated gatherings? And now, after another fifty-two
+years, there is this splendid demonstration of
+respect and gratitude. I am proud that our people
+have done their duty to-day, and I hope that our
+action will inspire our children a hundred years
+hence to commemorate the great event. I make no
+apologies for coming here to glory over the victory.
+Brock died on this field and our fathers fought here
+that we should be a free and independent people,
+and we have enjoyed that position for a hundred
+years, thanks to their efforts. How can we use that
+freedom better, than in testifying in the heartiest<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span>
+manner our gratitude and appreciation for the
+priceless boon which we owe to those who then
+won it for us!</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_61" id="illo_61"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/060a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="444" alt="" title="J. A. Macdonell, K.C." />
+</div>
+
+<h6>J. A. MACDONELL, K.C., GLENGARRY, ADDRESSING THE GATHERING.<br />
+<br />
+Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. George Sterling Ryerson, Dr. James L. Hughes, Col. George T. Denison, Major W. Napier Keefer (next right<br />
+of speaker), Major Gordon J. Smith, Dr. Charles F. Durand.</h6>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><a name="Macdonell2" id="Macdonell2"></a></p>
+<h3>MR. J. A. MACDONELL, K.C.<br />
+
+<small>Glengarry, Ontario</small></h3>
+
+<p>Permit me to express on behalf of the members of
+this generation of the family to which the former
+Attorney-General Macdonell belonged, my warm
+appreciation of the honour which was done to that
+gentleman's memory, by the invitation which in
+terms so generous and complimentary and so
+appreciative of his services, was extended to me as
+the representative of his family, to be present on
+this most interesting occasion as the special guest
+of your Committee.</p>
+
+<p>We are assembled here to-day to commemorate
+the Centennial Anniversary of the death of Sir
+Isaac Brock, to give evidence that we Canadians
+hold in grateful remembrance the inestimable services
+which he rendered to our country, and to
+record it as our firm and solemn conviction that
+it is to that illustrious man of glorious memory
+we owe the preservation of this country, our connection
+with the Motherland and those British
+institutions which it is our happiness now to enjoy.</p>
+
+<p>It was indeed a privilege for any man to have
+served under Sir Isaac Brock, to have been in any
+way associated with him, and more especially to
+have been placed in a position whereby he was
+enabled to second his indomitable efforts. It was
+the good fortune of Attorney-General Macdonell
+to have been associated with him in a threefold
+capacity. First he was connected with him by the
+most intimate ties of private friendship, for there
+existed between them the most perfect confidence
+and a mutual regard, amounting, as is frequently<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span>
+the case with men of generous impulse, to personal
+affection. Then as Attorney-General of the
+Province and chief law adviser of the Crown, he
+was the trusted legal adviser of General Brock in
+his capacity of President of the Council of the Province,
+and although but a young man he was equal
+to the exigencies of that critical period.</p>
+
+<p>Upon the declaration of war, the House of
+Assembly was hastily convened in extra session
+on the 27th July, when General Brock, in the
+Speech from the Throne, made use of those ever-memorable
+words: "We are engaged in an awful
+and eventful contest. By unanimity and despatch
+in our councils and by vigour in our operations
+we will teach the enemy this lesson: that a country
+defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to
+the cause of their King and Constitution, can
+never be conquered." But the House proved recalcitrant,
+and refused to comply with Brock's request
+to suspend the Habeas Corpus Act. It was the
+Attorney-General who solved the difficulty by giving
+it as his legal opinion that Major-General
+Brock, as Administrator of the Province, under
+the authority of his Commission from the King,
+had the power to dissolve the House and proclaim
+martial law, and that under the circumstances it
+was his duty to do so. This opinion was concurred
+in by his colleagues in the Government, and,
+accordingly, the Government as such tendered it
+as their unanimous advice to the Administrator,
+who immediately acted upon it, and thereby saved
+the country.</p>
+
+<p>As a consequence of this drastic measure, the
+three leaders of the Opposition in the Legislature&mdash;Joseph
+Willcocks, Benjamin Mallory and Abraham
+Markle&mdash;who had been chiefly instrumental
+up to this time in thwarting all Brock's efforts,
+immediately fled to the United States, with which
+they had long been in traitorous intercourse, and
+where all their sympathies lay, Willcocks being<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span>
+eventually killed at the battle of Fort Erie, in 1814,
+in command of an American regiment, and Mallory
+serving throughout the war as a major in the same
+corps.</p>
+
+<p>This measure enabled Brock also to deal summarily
+with their disloyal partisans and followers,
+much more numerous and infinitely more dangerous
+than is now generally supposed. He immediately
+issued a proclamation ordering all persons
+suspected of conniving with the enemy to be apprehended,
+and treated according to law. Those who
+had not taken the oath of allegiance were ordered
+to do so or leave the Province; many were sent out
+of the country; large numbers left of their own
+accord; those who refused to take the oath or to
+take up arms to defend the country, and remained
+in the Province after a given date, were declared
+to be enemies and spies, and were treated accordingly;
+a large number of this disloyal element were
+arrested and imprisoned early in the war, as on the
+day of the Battle of Queenston Heights the jail
+and Court House at Niagara as well as the blockhouse
+at Fort George were filled with political
+prisoners, over three hundred aliens and traitors
+being in custody, some of whom were tried and
+sentenced to death, while others were sent to
+Quebec for imprisonment.</p>
+
+<p>This pressing and important business having
+been accomplished, General Brock entered actively
+upon his campaign, and determined upon offensive
+measures by an assault upon Detroit. Colonel
+Macdonell accompanied him as his military secretary
+and aide-de-camp. When the American, General
+Hull, in command of a greatly superior force
+and in possession of a strongly fortified position,
+on the 16th August proposed a cessation of hostilities
+with a view to his surrender, it was Colonel
+Macdonell whom General Brock entrusted with
+the delicate and important task of preparing the
+terms of capitulation. He returned within an hour<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span>
+with the conditions, which were immediately confirmed
+by General Brock, whereby Fort Detroit
+with 59,700 square miles of American territory&mdash;the
+whole State of Michigan&mdash;was surrendered.
+2,500 officers and men became prisoners of war,
+and 2,500 stand of arms, thirty-three pieces of
+cannon, the <i>Adams</i> brig-of-war, and stores and
+munitions of war to the value of &#163;40,000, all so
+sorely needed by the Canadian militia, were handed
+over to the British Commander.</p>
+
+<p>General Brock in his despatch to the Home Government
+announcing the capture of Detroit, and
+which was published in a Gazette Extraordinary
+in London on the 6th October, with characteristic
+generosity bore testimony to the services of his
+friend in the following terms: "In the attainment
+of this important point gentlemen of the first character
+and influence showed an example highly
+creditable to them, and I cannot on this occasion
+avoid mentioning the essential assistance I derived
+from John Macdonell, Esquire, His Majesty's
+Attorney-General, who from the beginning of the
+war has honoured me with his services as my Provincial
+Aide-de-Camp."</p>
+
+<p>Brock's biographer and nephew, Mr. Ferdinand
+Brock Tupper, graphically tells the end of them
+both, almost upon the spot upon which we now
+stand. After mention of the hasty gallop from
+Fort George, at dawn on the 13th October, when
+it was found that the Americans had during the
+night passed over the Niagara River and succeeded
+in gaining the crest of the heights in rear of the
+battery, and Brock's desperate effort to dislodge
+them, he goes on to say: "The Americans now
+opened a heavy fire of musketry, and, conspicuous
+from his dress, his height, and the enthusiasm with
+which he animated his little band, the British commander
+was soon singled out, and he fell about
+an hour after his arrival, the fatal bullet entering
+his right breast and passing through his left side.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span>
+He lived only long enough to request that his fall
+might not be noticed, or prevent the advance of his
+brave troops. The lifeless body was immediately
+conveyed into a house at Queenston, where it
+remained until the afternoon, unperceived of the
+enemy. His aide-de-camp, Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell,
+Attorney-General of Upper Canada&mdash;a fine,
+promising young man&mdash;was mortally wounded soon
+after his chief, and died the next day, at the early
+age of twenty-seven years. Although one bullet had
+passed through his body, and he was wounded in
+four places, yet he survived twenty hours, and
+during a period of excruciating agony his thoughts
+and words were constantly occupied in lamentations
+for his deceased commander and friend. He
+fell while gallantly charging, with the hereditary
+courage of his race, up the hill with 190 men,
+chiefly of the York Volunteers, by which charge
+the enemy was compelled to spike the eighteen-pounders
+in the battery there; and his memory will
+be cherished as long as courage and devotion are
+reverenced in the Province."</p>
+
+<p>General Sheaffe, who succeeded General Brock
+upon the death of the latter, in his despatch
+announcing the victory which eventually crowned
+our arms, thus couples their names: " .&nbsp;.&nbsp;.&nbsp;. No
+officer was killed besides Major-General Brock, one
+of the most gallant and zealous officers in His Majesty's
+service, whose loss cannot be too much
+deplored, and Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Provincial
+Aide-de-Camp, whose gallantry and merit
+rendered him worthy of his chief."</p>
+
+<p>The Prince Regent thus acknowledged the
+communication through the Governor-General, by
+whom it had been forwarded: "His Royal Highness,
+the Prince Regent, is fully aware of the severe
+loss which His Majesty's service has experienced
+in the death of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock.
+This would have been sufficient to have clouded a
+victory of much greater importance. His Majesty<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span>
+has lost in him not only an able and meritorious
+officer, but one who, in the exercise of his functions
+of Provisional Lieutenant-Governor of the Province,
+displayed qualities admirably adapted to
+awe the disloyal, to reconcile the wavering, and to
+animate the great mass of the inhabitants against
+successive attempts of the enemy to invade the Province,
+in the last of which he unhappily fell, too
+prodigal of that life of which his eminent services
+had taught us to understand the value. His Royal
+Highness has also been pleased to express his
+regret at the loss which the Province must experience
+in the death of the Attorney-General, Mr.
+Macdonell, whose zealous co-operation with Sir
+Isaac Brock will reflect lasting honour on his
+memory." In communicating the above to the
+father of the Attorney-General, Lieutenant-Colonel
+Coffin, P.A.D.C., under date York, March 20th,
+1813, stated by command of His Honour the President
+that "it would doubtless afford some satisfaction
+to all the members of the family to which
+the late Attorney-General was so great an ornament
+to learn that his merit has been recognized
+even by the Royal Personage who wields the sceptre
+of the British Empire, and on which His Honour
+commands me to declare his personal gratification."</p>
+
+<p>No medal was struck for Queenston Heights, but
+when some time afterwards the rewards for the
+capture of Detroit were distributed, gold medals
+were deposited by the Sovereign with the families
+of Major-General Brock and Colonel Macdonell,
+and the King stated in each instance that it was
+done "in token of the respect which His Majesty
+entertains for the memory of that officer."</p>
+
+<p>The graciously worded despatch of the Prince
+Regent mentioned the only fault of Sir Isaac
+Brock. Like Nelson he was too prodigal of his
+life; but as, alike by his services and his glorious
+death, Nelson became the hero and the idol of the
+British people, so by his services and his death<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span>
+Brock became for all time the hero of the people
+of this Province, and his memory will never die.
+Although he had served ten years in Canada, he
+had held his position as Administrator of Upper
+Canada but a few days over a year; yet that
+short time was sufficient to obtain for his name
+immortality, so long as the English language can
+narrate what in that brief period he accomplished,
+and hold forth for succeeding generations of
+British subjects in Canada and throughout the
+Empire the bright example of his genius and his
+gallantry, and the indomitable spirit with which
+he contended and overcame difficulties, apparently
+insurmountable, and which were sufficient to appal
+a heart even as stout and to tax to the uttermost a
+mind as versatile and resourceful as his.</p>
+
+<p>Under this stately column he found a fitting
+tomb, and the ardent young friend, Glengarry's
+representative, who fell with him, lies beside him.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><a name="Hughes" id="Hughes"></a></p>
+<h3>DR. JAMES L. HUGHES<br />
+
+<small>Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto</small></h3>
+
+<p>I had the honour of requesting the Hon. Dr.
+Pyne, Minister of Education, to call the attention
+of the School Boards of Ontario to the
+importance of celebrating the hundredth anniversary
+of the victory so gallantly won on these
+heights, and of paying due tribute to the
+brave men and women who so nobly and
+heroically struggled to preserve for us the blessings
+of British liberty, and of unity with our
+motherland. To these men and women of firm
+faith and strong heart we give gratitude and reverence
+to-day, and especially to the statesman and
+hero who at the foot of these heights died a hundred
+years ago while leading Canadian volunteers
+to drive back invaders who without just cause had<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span>
+dared to come to Canada with the avowed purpose
+of forcibly taking possession of our country.</p>
+
+<p>In the judgment of the committee that arranged
+for the celebration of the glorious deeds of our
+early history, it is most important that Canadian
+children should be trained to revere the memories
+of the great and true men and women of one hundred
+years ago, and to rejoice because of the victories
+won by them for freedom and for imperial
+unity.</p>
+
+<p>There are men who have written to the newspapers
+objecting to the course we adopted. They
+seem to think it improper to let our children know
+that our country was ever in danger, and that it
+was saved by the unselfish devotion and the brave
+deeds of our ancestors. However, in spite of their
+protests, based on weak and unpatriotic sentiment,
+we intend to teach young Canadians to remember
+the patriotism and valour of the founders and
+defenders of Canada, and to train them to become
+worthy successors to the men and women who made
+such sacrifices for them.</p>
+
+<p>We have no wish to fill the hearts of the pupils
+in our schools with animosity towards the great
+nation whose fertile fields and happy homes we see
+beyond the great river that separates it from our
+own fair land. We wish to develop in our children
+a spirit that will lead them to say to the people
+across our borderland not "Hands off Canada,"
+but "Hands together to achieve for God and for
+humanity the highest and broadest and truest
+ideals that have been revealed to the Anglo-Saxon
+race."</p>
+
+<p>We do not wish to make our children quarrelsome
+or offensive, but we do wish them to be
+patriotic Canadians, full of loyalty to their flag,
+their Empire, and their King. We wish them to
+understand what their predecessors did in order
+that they may have faith in themselves and in their
+country; and we intend that they shall learn the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span>
+achievements of the past in order that they may
+have a true basis for their own manhood and
+womanhood. True reverence for courage and self-sacrifice,
+fidelity to principle, and devotion to home
+and country in time of need, is a fundamental element
+of strong, true character. The facts of history
+may have little influence in developing character,
+but the noble deeds of our ancestors performed
+for high purposes are the surest sources for
+the development of the strong and true emotions
+that make human character vital instead of inert.
+Emotions form the battery power of character, and
+among the emotions that give strength and virility
+and beauty to character, reverence for the dead
+who wisely struggled and nobly achieved, is surely
+one of the most productive of dignified and transforming
+character.</p>
+
+<p>The history of the past is valuable chiefly for the
+opportunities it gives to be stirred to deep, true
+enthusiasm for heroism, for honour, for patriotism,
+for love of freedom, for devotion to duty, and for
+sublime self-sacrifice for high ideals. Whatever
+else we may neglect in the training of the young, I
+trust we shall never fail to fill their hearts with
+profound reverence for the men and women of the
+past to whom they owe so much.</p>
+
+<p>We should teach other lessons from the War of
+1812. We should fill each child's life with a splendid
+courage that can never be dismayed, by telling
+how a few determined settlers scattered widely
+over a new country successfully repelled invading
+armies coming from a country with a population
+twenty-fold larger. We should teach reverence
+not only for manhood but for womanhood by
+recounting the terrible hardships endured willingly
+by Canadian women generally, as well as by
+proudly relating the noble work done by individual
+women, of whom Laura Secord was so conspicuous
+an example.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>A certain class of thoughtless people call us
+"flag-wavers" if we strive to give our young people
+a true conception of the value of national life, and
+of their duty to have a true love for their country
+and for their Empire. If a flag-waver means one
+who is proud of a noble ancestry, and determined
+to prove worthy of the race from which he sprung;
+one who knows that his forefathers gave a wider
+meaning to freedom, and who intends to perpetuate
+liberty and aid in giving it a still broader and
+higher value; one who is grateful because his
+Empire represents the grandest revelation of unity
+yet made known to humanity and who accepts this
+revelation as a sacred trust, then I am a flag-waver,
+and I shall make every boy and girl whom I can
+ever influence a flag-waver who loves his flag and
+waves it because it represents freedom, and honour,
+and justice, and truth, and unity, and a glorious
+history, the most triumphantly progressive that
+has been achieved by any nation in the development
+of the world.</p>
+
+<p>We do well to celebrate the great deeds of the
+men and women of a hundred years ago, and teach
+our children to give them reverence, but it is far
+more important for us to consider what the people
+a hundred years hence will think of us than to
+glorify the triumphs of a hundred years ago. The
+work of the world is not done. Evolution to higher
+ideals goes ever on. Each succeeding generation
+has greater responsibilities and higher duties than
+the one that preceded it. The greatest lesson we
+can learn from the past is that we should prove
+true to the opportunities of our time; that we
+should with unselfish motive and undaunted hearts
+accept the responsibilities that come to us as partners
+in our magnificent Empire, and share in the
+achievement of greater triumphs for freedom and
+justice than have ever been recorded in the past.</p>
+
+<p>Inspired by the records of such men as Brock,
+at the foot of whose monument we stand to-day and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span>
+look with reminiscent glance over the marvellous
+progress of a hundred glorious years, let us determine
+that we shall do our part to make the coming
+century more fruitful than the past.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_71" id="illo_71"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/070a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="368" alt="" title="Speakers of the Day" />
+</div>
+
+<table border="0" width="800" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="Speakers2" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto">
+<col style="width:30%;" />
+<col style="width:30%;" />
+<col style="width:30%;" />
+
+<tr><td><h6>Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians,<br />
+Grand River Reserve.<br /><br />
+&nbsp;</h6></td>
+<td><h6>Captain Charles R. McCullough,<br />
+Hamilton, Ont.<br /><br />
+SPEAKERS OF THE DAY</h6></td>
+<td><h6>Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation<br />
+Indians, Toronto.<br /><br />
+&nbsp;</h6></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><a name="Smith" id="Smith"></a></p>
+<h3>CHIEF A. G. SMITH<br />
+
+<small>Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve</small></h3>
+
+<p>If a Mohawk Chief had in his make-up a particle
+of timidity I fear that your cheering would have
+frightened or disconcerted me.</p>
+
+<p>Now, contrary to the usual preface to speeches
+on occasions of this nature, let me instead say that
+my pleasure in addressing you this afternoon is
+not altogether unalloyed, as I look back to the
+remote past, when my ancestors could make or
+unmake nations on this continent; their favour was
+then courted by the different European nations,
+until finally they entered into an alliance or treaty
+with the military authorities of the British nation,
+and which the Six Nations has ever held inviolate.</p>
+
+<p>They, however, in my humble opinion, made a
+serious mistake in taking sides in the War of
+American Independence, as their treaty obligations
+only required them to assist the British when
+attacked by a foreign power and not in a case of
+family quarrel, so they could have consistently
+taken a neutral ground. It is not, however, so
+surprising that they took the step they did when
+we consider the influences that were brought to
+bear on them and the inducements that were held
+out to them. Consider the influence of Tha-yen-da-ne-gea&mdash;Brant,
+their war chief&mdash;and their own
+love of war. War with them was as religion. Add
+to these the influence of Sir William Johnson and
+others.</p>
+
+<p>And there was the very strong inducement that
+they would be guaranteed a perpetual independence<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span>
+and self-government, and also that they would
+be amply indemnified for any and all losses that
+they might sustain by their services. Now we
+know that these pledges were not adequately fulfilled,
+yet, notwithstanding this fact, the Six
+Nations remained faithful in their adherence to
+the British Crown.</p>
+
+<p>And now allow me to come down to the eventful
+times which more immediately concern us this
+afternoon. Let me at the outset briefly but most
+emphatically assert that in those troublous times
+no followers of the illustrious Brock, whose fall and
+victory we are this afternoon commemorating,
+fought more bravely than the Six Nations; their
+very admiration of that great and brave general
+was as a spur to their bravery.</p>
+
+<p>I think I may truthfully say that had it not been
+for the bravery of the Six Nations the Union Jack
+would not to-day be waving over these historic
+heights.</p>
+
+<p>The Six Nations have never had an historian of
+their own to record the brave deeds of valour of
+their warriors, and therefore get but scant justice
+in the historical records of this country; naturally
+the historians magnify the achievements of their
+own peoples, while I claim that more credit should
+be given my own people.</p>
+
+<p>Let me instance one or two samples of justice
+doled out to my people in various lines. You know
+that in Ontario manhood suffrage prevails in political
+elections, so that any foreigner after six
+months' residence can have every privilege of a
+full citizen, although he may have no higher interest
+in the country than as a place in which to earn
+his bread and butter, and whose ancestors have
+never shed a drop of blood for its retention by
+Britain, and who himself may never fight in its
+defence, but who may go back to fight his own
+country's battles, perhaps even against Britain.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>But the original owners of this country, proved
+to be men on many a battlefield, who fought and
+won Britain's battles, ceased to be men and became
+minors after the battles were won and British predominance
+secured, and therefore are not allowed
+men's privileges.</p>
+
+<p>I contend that if Canada is to do justice (and I
+believe it will) to the Six Nations, it will have to
+give them representation on the floor of the House
+of Commons and also respect the treaty concessions
+made to them, instead of gradually curtailing
+their tribal rights and privileges. These blood-bought
+rights and privileges are just as dear to the
+Six Nations as similar ones are to any other nation.</p>
+
+<p>I fear, Mr. Chairman, that I have already taken
+up my allotted time, so will refrain from giving all
+the examples of our loyalty I would have liked to
+present to this vast assemblage. Allow me, however,
+to say that as this is an influential gathering,
+so I hope that each individual of influence will go
+back to his or her sphere of usefulness and listen
+to the cry for justice on behalf of the Six Nations,
+fully appreciating the fact that it is "up to you"
+to see to it that justice is done this people who have
+rendered such inestimable service to this country
+and to Britain.</p>
+
+<p>My remarks may not suit everyone, but I cannot
+help that. I am not courting popularity, for I am
+getting too old for that, and I am descended from
+too long a line of brave warriors to be afraid to
+speak the truth, whether it be pleasant or otherwise.</p>
+
+<p>Thanking you, Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen,
+for the privilege and honour of addressing
+this influential assemblage and for the kind hearing
+and attention accorded to me.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p>[At the conclusion of Chief Smith's speech three
+rousing warwhoops were given, led by Chiefs Johnson
+and Elliott, and joined in by all present.]</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span></p>
+<p><a name="Loft" id="Loft"></a></p>
+<h3>WARRIOR F. ONONDEYOH LOFT<br />
+
+<small>Six Nation Indians</small></h3>
+
+<p>We are assembled to-day on this historic spot to
+commemorate the memory of a great soldier, a
+patriot and renowned son of the Empire of which
+we are a part.</p>
+
+<p>I am pleased to note the presence of so many
+chiefs and warriors of the Six Nations who are
+here assembled on the basis of one common citizenship
+with you, to join with our white brethren to
+pay respect and homage to the late hero, General
+Sir Isaac Brock, who offered his life as a sacrifice
+in the cause he so gallantly defended. He was the
+brave leader who led the white man and Indian in
+the defence of our country, our flag, and all that
+pertained to the maintenance of British institutions.</p>
+
+<p>Our act to-day is a noble one. It is of a kind that
+touches deep down into the heart that throbs with
+affection's glow. It is one worthy of emulation
+by our posterity. We as a people should never lose
+sight of the great importance that must attach to
+this occasion, and of the duty we owe to our children
+to do all we can to impress their minds with
+the precepts of loyalty to the king and crown, that
+should be ever steadfast and immovable.</p>
+
+<p>As a member of the Six Nations it is not altogether
+my wish that I should be looked upon on
+this occasion as a mere representative of my
+nation, but rather as a representative of the noble
+native Indian race which has so conspicuously
+identified itself with British arms at critical
+periods in the history of our fair Dominion.</p>
+
+<p>One hundred years ago our country and people
+were befogged by conditions that were grey and
+ominous. It was very uncertain as to the part, if
+any, the Indians would take in the impending conflict.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>From this spot, almost, General Brock set out
+for Amherstburg to arrange plans of campaign,
+and there met and shook hands with Tecumseh,
+this patriot Indian giving the assurance to his
+chief in command of the forces that he and his
+united Indian tribes composed of the Shawanoes,
+Wyandottes, Chippewas, Ottawas, Foxes and
+others, were ready to go into the field of action in
+defence of the British cause.</p>
+
+<p>Like General Brock, this noble red man, as a
+leader of his kinsmen, also sacrificed his life in
+the cause of his king and country. And sad is it
+to say that not even a heave of the turf marks his
+last resting-place.</p>
+
+<p>It is not for me to laud or unduly magnify the
+important part the Indians have played in wars
+that have marked our country's history-making:
+but should such an emergency again present
+itself, I feel confident that the Indians will never
+be found wanting.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<p><a name="McCullough" id="McCullough"></a></p>
+<h3>MR. CHARLES R. McCULLOUGH<br />
+
+<small>Honorary President of the Association of Canadian Clubs</small></h3>
+
+<p>I tender my thanks to the Committee for honouring
+the hundred clubs of the Dominion by inviting
+their honorary president to take part in the proceedings
+of this great day.</p>
+
+<p>The real celebration of the centenary of the
+battle and the fitting remembrance of the hero who
+gave up his life for Canada one hundred years ago,
+has already taken place in the six thousand schools
+by six hundred thousand scholars of this premier
+Province of Ontario. By this vast army of patriots
+in the making there has been celebrated within the
+past few days in song and story the splendid heroism
+of the immortal Brock, and the work done by
+him for our common country a century ago.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>In that great work he was nobly seconded by the
+brilliant young Glengarrian Macdonell, who, like
+his illustrious leader, fell on the slope of this
+sacred hill.</p>
+
+<p>In this dread contest there fought side by side
+regular soldier and militiaman; the noble red man
+and the freed black man contended against a common
+enemy to that freedom and that constitution
+that every Briton loves so well.</p>
+
+<p>It was indeed a proud thing for Canadians to
+remember that whilst there was a great Imperial
+officer to lead the little band, close beside him in
+the great struggle there ever stood a valorous
+Canadian aide-de-camp. Yes, for every regular
+that contended for the maintenance of British law
+and authority in this Canada of ours there were
+fighting by his side the farmer and the tradesman
+of those heroic days.</p>
+
+<p>Was not this prophetic of that future co-operation
+between mother and daughter states? Was it
+not full of the deepest meaning for us of the twentieth
+century? Could we not say "Thy people are
+my people and my people thy people"? As in the
+days of yore, so in these days of Canada's abounding
+prosperity and increasing national greatness,
+there would be found men and means for any
+national or Imperial emergency that the future
+might have in store for us.</p>
+
+<p>Our magnificently proportioned Canada must
+have a magnificently proportioned soul if she
+would fulfil her high destiny of eventual leadership
+in the band of sister nations within an Empire
+indissolubly bound by ties of love and sacrifice.
+In enlarging the soul of our people such celebrations
+as these have their sure and certain part, and
+the thrill of Brock's great name will stir this
+people's soul so long as Canada shall endure.</p>
+
+<hr style="width: 15%;" />
+
+<p>A brief and eloquent speech was also made by
+Mr. W. M. German, M.P., Welland, Ont.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_77" id="illo_77"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/076a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="432" alt="" title="Members of Committee at Queenston Heights" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS<br />
+<br />
+Alexander Fraser, LL.D., Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. Geo. S. Ryerson, Miss Helen M. Merrill, John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Allen W. Johnston.</h6>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>APPENDIX I.</h2>
+
+<h3>HIGHLAND HEROES IN THE WAR OF<br />
+1812-14<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a><br />
+
+<small>By Dr. Alexander Fraser, Toronto</small></h3>
+
+
+<p>While with a fine sense of fitness the part taken
+by the men of Glengarry, Ontario, in the 1812-14
+war is rarely referred to by the descendants of those
+who fought so well and fell for their country, it is
+but meet on a centennial occasion as is now being
+celebrated that the distinguished services of the
+clansmen should not be forgotten. Much, indeed,
+could be said of the Macdonells, Macdonalds, Macleans,
+MacMillans, Chisholms, Camerons and
+Grants, as well as of other kindred families, who
+displayed all the ardour of the Highland mountaineer
+in defence of home and country, and who
+occupied second place then nor subsequently when
+the war-note sounded. These brief lines, however,
+must deal only with Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell,
+who fell mortally wounded at Queenston
+Heights, and whose name cannot be disassociated
+in history from that of Brock, the chief hero of the
+war.</p>
+
+<p>The many intermarriages in the course of generations
+between members of different houses of the
+Glengarry branch of Clan Donald have created
+genealogical intricacies not always threaded by the
+general reader. The identity of Colonel John Macdonell,
+the Queenston hero, however, need never
+have been in doubt. He was descended from Angus
+Macdonell of Greenfield, a grandson of Ranald,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span>
+the ninth chief of Glengarry&mdash;in Gaelic, styled
+"Mac-ic-Alasdair." The Macdonells of Greenfield
+are nearer the main line of the Glengarry family
+than the cadet branches of Aberchalder, Cullachie
+and Leek&mdash;many of whom settled in Canada, who
+left the parent stock at an earlier period. They
+might reasonably be regarded as representative of
+all the Glengarry Macdonells of Canada.</p>
+
+<p>Angus Macdonell of Greenfield had one son, Alexander,
+who came to Canada in 1792. He was married
+in Scotland to a daughter of Alexander Macdonell
+of Aberchalder (Captain 1st Battalion,
+King's Royal Regiment of New York), and among
+the issue of that marriage were Duncan, who succeeded
+his father, John, who fell with Brock, and
+Donald, who figured at Ogdensburg, 1813.</p>
+
+<p>John Macdonell (Queenston) was born in 1785,
+in Scotland, and with his family came to Canada
+when seven years of age. In due course he became
+member of the Legislature for Glengarry and Attorney-General
+for Upper Canada. He was a Colonel
+of Militia, and on the outbreak of the war of 1812
+acted as Military Secretary and Provincial A.D.C.
+to General Sir Isaac Brock. His legal talents were
+regarded as of high order, and of his military abilities
+Brock entertained a very good opinion indeed.
+As President of the Council and Administrator of
+Upper Canada, General Brock occupied the highest
+civil position in the Province, and the chief military
+position as General of the forces under his command.</p>
+
+<p>Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, as Attorney-General,
+filled the next highest civil position to
+Brock in Upper Canada, and, as Military Secretary
+and P.A.D.C., was next highest in importance, if
+not in rank, to his chief in the field. Testimony
+was warmly borne by some of the most capable to
+judge, of his dominance in the military operations,
+and the subsequent negotiations, at Detroit, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span>
+papers in connection therewith, which he is said to
+have drafted, bear the mark of his patriotic and
+generous mind. The Prince Regent, in expressing
+his regret at the loss which the country must experience
+by the death of the Attorney-General,
+declared that "his zealous co-operation with Sir
+Isaac Brock would reflect lasting honour on his
+memory." Like Brock, he died unmarried; like
+him, too, he was engaged to be married at the time
+of his death. His fianc&#233;e was Miss Powell, daughter
+of the Chief Justice.</p>
+
+<p>The story is told that at the commencement of
+the war, before making his will, Colonel Macdonell
+told Miss Powell that, though he had only a little
+estate to dispose of, about &#163;300 in money, his books,
+papers and personal effects, together with ten acres
+of land on Church Street, Toronto, he wished her
+to have first choice of either the money and effects,
+or the land, for herself; the other part to go to a
+relative. She chose the money and the personalty,
+and the ten acres of land on Church Street went
+to his relative and godson, James Macdonell,
+son of his host, the Hon. Alexander Macdonell,
+Toronto, in whose family the title still remains.</p>
+
+<p>Colonel Macdonell's father, Colonel Alexander
+Macdonell, commanded the 2nd Battalion, Glengarry
+Militia, in the war, and two of his brothers
+also had commissions, Duncan Macdonell, as a Captain,
+commanding a company at Ogdensburg
+(under Colonel George Macdonell), and Donald
+Greenfield Macdonell, who also commanded a company
+at Ogdensburg. Duncan, the elder brother,
+succeeded his father as Lieutenant-Colonel, commanding
+the 2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia,
+until 1857, when he received the thanks of the Governor-General
+"for his long and valuable services
+dating from the last war." His son, Lieutenant-Colonel
+Archibald J. Macdonell, was also commanding
+officer of his grandfather's and father's regiment<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span>
+from 1857 to 1804. He was a barrister, and
+a Bencher, and Recorder at Kingston, and for many
+years a partner with Sir John A. Macdonald, Prime
+Minister of Canada. His only son is the well-known
+Lieut.-Col. John A. Macdonell, Alexandria,
+Ontario, now the head of the Greenfield family,
+whose patriotic sentiments and antiquarian tastes
+have often found eloquent and useful expression.
+He is a grandnephew of Colonel Macdonell (Queenston)
+and fifth of Greenfield.</p>
+
+<p>Donald Greenfield Macdonell, who commanded a
+company at Ogdensburg (brother of Colonel Macdonell,
+Queenston), became D.A.Q.M.G in the war,
+was a Colonel of Militia and Deputy Adjutant-General
+from 1846 to 1861. He had the honour of laying
+the corner-stone of the monument to Sir Isaac
+Brock at Queenston in 1853. Among his grandsons
+are Donald Greenfield Macdonell, barrister,
+Vancouver, heir male, after Lieut.-Col. John A. Macdonell,
+Alexandria, Ontario, and A. McLean Macdonell,
+K.C., the well-known barrister of Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>The connection of Mr. A. McLean Macdonell,
+K.C., of Toronto, with the War of 1812 is perhaps
+unique. Not only had his paternal great-grandfather
+and three sons, the Macdonells of Greenfield,
+commissions in the War of 1812, as above stated, but
+his maternal great-grandfather and three sons also
+held commissions in that war, viz., the Honourable
+Neil McLean and his three sons: 1st, the Honourable
+Archibald McLean, afterwards Chief Justice
+of Upper Canada. It is said that when Colonel
+Macdonell fell, McLean was near him, and he called
+out to him: "Help me, Archie." 2nd, John
+McLean, afterwards Sheriff of Kingston; and 3rd,
+Colonel Alexander McLean, who shows an excellent
+military record, and whose daughter married John
+Macdonell of Greenfield, Mr. McLean Macdonell's
+father. Thus, Mr. McLean Macdonell had two
+great-grandfathers, two grandfathers, and four<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span>
+granduncles, all holding important commissions in
+the only war which has vitally threatened Canada.</p>
+
+<p>The connection between A. Claude Macdonell,
+M.P., Toronto, and Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell
+(Queenston) is by intermarriage in the families
+of Aberchalder and Cullachie. The Aberchalders
+gave a father, Captain Alexander, and three
+sons, John, Hugh, and Chichester, to the American
+revolutionary war. John was a Captain in Butler's
+Rangers and was the first Speaker of the first
+House of Assembly of Upper Canada, in 1792.
+Hugh was an officer in the King's Royal Regiment
+and in the Royal Canadian Volunteer Regiment.
+He was one of the members for Glengarry in the
+first Legislature of Upper Canada. He afterwards
+served at Gibraltar, and as British Consul-General
+at Algiers. Chichester served in Butler's Rangers,
+and became a colonel in the British army, winning
+distinction at Corunna.</p>
+
+<p>Allan Macdonell of Cullachie (closely related to
+Aberchalder) was a captain in the 84th Royal
+Highland Emigrant Regiment, and his son, Alexander,
+an officer in Butler's Rangers, was prominent
+in the military-political life of Upper Canada,
+and at the time of the 1812 war was a colonel of
+Militia and Deputy Postmaster-General. His son,
+Angus Duncan Macdonell, who died in 1894, was
+the father of Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, M.P. for
+South Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>When Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) came to
+Toronto as a young man in connection with his
+profession, he resided with his relative, the Honourable
+Alexander Macdonell, Mr. Claude Macdonell's
+grandfather, and it was from his home he went to
+the front. Needless to say, Colonel Macdonell's
+memory is sacredly cherished among these and
+many others of his kith and kin in Canada, as it is
+indeed by all lovers of the heroic in Canadian
+history.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<div class="footnotes">
+<h4>FOOTNOTE: Appendix I</h4>
+<div class="footnote">
+<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a>&nbsp;
+Reprinted from the Toronto <i>Globe</i> and <i>Mail and Empire</i>
+of the 12th of October, 1912.</p></div></div>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>APPENDIX II.</h2>
+
+<h3>TORONTO GARRISON CHURCH PARADE</h3>
+
+<p class="cen"><small>In commemoration of the Centenary of the Death<br />
+of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock at the<br />
+Battle of Queenston Heights</small></p>
+
+<p class="cen">Massey Hall, Sunday, October 13th, 1912, 3 p.m.</p>
+
+<p class="cen"><small>Major-General W. H. Cotton, Commanding</small></p>
+
+
+<p>The musical portion of the service was rendered
+by the massed bands of the garrison under the
+direction of Bandmaster G. I. Timpson, Queen's
+Own Rifles.</p>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+<h3>ORDER OF DIVINE SERVICE</h3>
+
+<h3><span class="smcap">Opening Voluntary</span></h3>
+
+<h5>GRAND PROCESSIONAL MARCH<br />
+"The Silver Trumpets"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>Viviani</i><br />
+<small>Band of the Queen's Own Rifles</small></h5>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Hymn, "Soldiers of Christ, Arise"</span><br />
+<small><small><i>Put on the whole armour of God</i></small></small></h4>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Soldiers of Christ, arise,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And put your armour on;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Strong in the strength which God supplies,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Through His Eternal Son;<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Strong in the Lord of Hosts,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And in His mighty power;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Who in the strength of Jesus trusts<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Is more than conqueror.</span></div>
+
+<div class="stanza"><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</a></span>
+<span class="i0">Stand then in His great might,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">With all His strength endued;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And take to arm you for the fight,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">The panoply of God.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">From strength to strength go on,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Wrestle, and fight, and pray;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Tread all the powers of darkness down,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And win the well-fought day.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">That having all things done,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And all your conflicts past,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Ye may obtain, through Christ alone,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">A crown of joy at last. &nbsp; Amen.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">General Confession</span><br />
+
+<small>(To be said by all, standing)</small></h4>
+
+<p>Almighty and most merciful Father; We have
+erred and strayed from Thy ways like lost sheep.
+We have followed too much the devices and desires
+of our own hearts. We have offended against Thy
+Holy Laws. We have left undone the things which
+we ought to have done; And we have done those
+things which we ought not to have done; And there
+is no health in us. But Thou, O Lord, have mercy
+upon us, miserable offenders. Spare Thou them,
+O God, which confess their faults. Restore Thou
+them that are penitent; according to Thy promises
+declared unto mankind in Christ Jesus our Lord.
+And grant, O most merciful Father, for His sake,
+that we may hereafter live a godly, righteous and
+sober life, To the glory of Thy Holy Name. &nbsp; Amen.</p>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Prayer for Pardon</span></h4>
+
+<p>O Almighty God, the Father of our Lord Jesus
+Christ, who desireth not the death of a sinner, but
+rather that he may turn from his wickedness, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</a></span>
+live, pardon and accept, we beseech Thee, all those
+who truly repent and unfeignedly believe Thy Holy
+Gospel. Grant us true repentance and Thy Holy
+Spirit; that those things may please Thee which we
+do at this present; and that the rest of our life hereafter
+may be pure and holy; so that at the last we
+may come to Thy eternal joy; through Jesus Christ
+our Lord. &nbsp; Amen.</p>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">The Lord's Prayer</span></h4>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Prayer for the King's Majesty</span><br />
+
+<small>(All standing)</small></h4>
+
+<p>O Lord, our Heavenly Father, high and mighty,
+King of kings, Lord of lords, the only Ruler of
+princes, who dost from Thy throne behold all the
+dwellers upon earth; most heartily we beseech Thee
+with Thy favor to behold our most gracious Sovereign
+Lord, King George; and so replenish him
+with the grace of Thy Holy Spirit, that he may
+alway incline to Thy will, and walk in Thy way;
+Endue him plenteously with heavenly gifts; grant
+him in health and wealth long to live; strengthen
+him that he may vanquish and overcome all his
+enemies; and finally, after this life, he may attain
+everlasting joy and felicity; through Jesus Christ
+our Lord. &nbsp; Amen.</p>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Prayer for the Royal Family</span></h4>
+
+<p>Almighty God, the fountain of all goodness, we
+humbly beseech Thee to bless our gracious Queen
+Mary, Alexandra the Queen Mother, Edward Prince
+of Wales and all the Royal Family; Endue them
+with Thy Holy Spirit; enrich them with Thy heavenly
+grace; prosper them with all happiness; and
+bring them to Thine everlasting kingdom; through
+Jesus Christ our Lord. &nbsp; Amen.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</a></span></p>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Prayer for Soldiers</span></h4>
+
+<p>Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that we
+who are called to the service of our Empire, may
+ever remember the honour which we uphold and the
+privilege which is entrusted to us, to defend our
+Sovereign, our homes and our country. Enable us at
+all times to do what is right, and so to conduct ourselves,
+that we may bring no disgrace upon the
+uniform which we wear, nor upon the flag under
+which we serve. Make us faithful, brave and true
+to our duty, and especially to Thee, our God, as
+soldiers of Christ and soldiers of the King. Keep
+us, defend us and save us at all times; fill our hearts
+with courage and love, and may we never be
+ashamed to confess Thee before men, as good soldiers
+and servants of Thine. And this we ask for
+the sake of Jesus Christ our Lord. &nbsp; Amen.</p>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Scripture Lesson</span></h4>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Offertory</span></h4>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Voluntary</span><br />
+
+<small>"In the Chapel"&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-
+&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>R. Eilenberg</i><br />
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles</small></h4>
+
+<h3>SERMON<br />
+
+<small><small><small>By Captain the Rev. Dr. Llwyd, Chaplain to the<br />
+Queen's Own Rifles.</small></small></small></h3>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Hymn, "Stand up for Jesus"</span><br />
+
+<small><small><i>Quit you like men, be strong</i></small></small></h4>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Stand up, stand up for Jesus,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Ye soldiers of the Cross;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Lift high His Royal Banner,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">It must not suffer loss;<span class="pagenumst"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</a></span><br /></span>
+<span class="i0">From victory unto victory<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">His army He shall lead;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Till every foe is vanquished,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And Christ is Lord indeed.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Stand up, stand up for Jesus,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">The trumpet call obey;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Forth to the mighty conflict<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">In this His glorious day;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Ye that are men now serve Him<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Against unnumbered foes;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Let courage rise with danger,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And strength to strength oppose.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Stand up, stand up for Jesus;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Stand in His Strength alone;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The arm of flesh will fail you,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Ye dare not trust your own;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Put on the gospel armour,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And watching unto prayer,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Where duty calls, or danger,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Be never wanting there.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Stand up, stand up for Jesus;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">The strife will not be long;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">This day the noise of battle,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">The next the victors' song;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To him that overcometh<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">A crown of life shall be;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">He with the King of glory<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Shall reign eternally. Amen.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">National Anthem</span></h4>
+
+<div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i2">God save our Gracious King,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Long live our noble King,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">God save the King.<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Send him victorious,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Happy and glorious,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Long to reign over us;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">God save the King.<br /></span>
+</div><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</a></span>
+<div class="stanza">
+<span class="i2">Thy choicest gifts in store,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">On him be pleased to pour;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Long may he reign.<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">May he defend our laws,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">And ever give us cause<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">To sing with heart and voice,<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">God save the King.<br /></span>
+</div></div>
+
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Benediction</span></h4>
+
+<h4><span class="smcap">Recessional</span></h4>
+
+<p class="cen">The "Priests' March" from "Athalie" - <i>Mendelssohn</i><br />
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>APPENDIX III.</h2>
+
+<h3>INDIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE<br />
+RECONSTRUCTION OF BROCK'S<br />
+MONUMENT</h3>
+
+<h5>(Communicated by the Editor.)</h5>
+
+
+<p>The indignation aroused by the destruction of
+the first monument erected to General Brock was
+fully shared by the Indians of Ontario. Meetings of
+the Bands were held at which expression was given
+to the feelings which stirred their hearts. They
+asked the Government to allow them to join with
+the White Men in contributing to the Fund for the
+reconstruction of the monument, and this having
+been most cordially granted, a sum amounting to
+&#163;207 10s. was raised among the Indians in sums
+varying from &#163;7 10s. to &#163;15 and paid over to the
+general fund on behalf of the following Bands:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>The Chippewas of the Upper Reserve, on the
+River St. Clair.</p>
+
+<p>The Chippewas of the Lower Reserve and Walpole
+Island, on the River St. Clair.</p>
+
+<p>The Hurons and Wyandotts of Amherstburg.</p>
+
+<p>The Chippewas of the River Thames.</p>
+
+<p>The Munsees of the River Thames.</p>
+
+<p>The Oneidas of the River Thames.</p>
+
+<p>The Six Nation Indians of the Grand River.</p>
+
+<p>The Missisagua of the River Credit.</p>
+
+<p>The Chippewas of the Saugeen River, Lake
+Huron.</p>
+
+<p>The Chippewas of the Township of Rama, Lake
+Couchiching.</p>
+
+<p>The Chippewas of Snake Island, Lake Simcoe.</p>
+
+<p>The Missisagua of Alnwick, Rice Lake.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The Missisagua of Rice Lake Village, Otonabee;
+and of Mud and Balsam Lakes.</p>
+
+<p>The Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte.</p></div>
+
+<p>The following petition from the Missisagua of
+Rice Lake, shows the spirit in which the Indians
+acted:</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>"<i>To</i> <span class="smcap">Samuel P. Jarvis</span>, <i>Esquire, Chief Superintendent
+of Indian Affairs</i>.</p>
+
+<p>"Father:<br />
+"We have heard of the wicked attempt to destroy
+the Monument of our old Chief, Sir Isaac Brock;
+and are also informed of the intention of the White
+Man to rebuild it.</p>
+
+<p>"Father:<br />
+"We respect the memory of the brave, and are
+sorry to find that there are any who do not.</p>
+
+<p>"Some of us fought on the same field on which
+the gallant general fell. We then felt the same
+sorrow in our hearts that our loyal brothers in
+arms, the White Men, felt, and we still unite with
+them in the deepest regret at our common loss.
+These feelings urge us readily to contribute our
+share to the expense of re-building that Monument
+which was designed to perpetuate the fame of such
+noble deeds.</p>
+
+<p>"Father:<br />
+"We, who are thus ready to assist in the present
+exigency, will never be backward in testifying our
+loyal principles by still more substantial proofs,
+whenever our Great Mother, the Queen, shall lay
+her commands upon us. We will never refuse to
+hear her words. Our Great Fathers, her Royal predecessors,
+have been very kind to her people. We
+are not unthankful. We do not wish to be idle; but
+whenever we may be called upon to defend the
+honour and rights of the British Crown, we will
+most heartily strain every nerve, and do all the
+service in our power.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>"Father:<br />
+"We authorize you to subscribe from our monies
+the sum of Fifteen Pounds, in aid of the praiseworthy
+work about to be performed; and may the
+blessing of the Great Spirit make it prosper.</p>
+
+<p>"Dated at Rice Lake Mission, Otonabee, January
+7, 1841.</p>
+
+<p>
+<span style="margin-left: 15em;">"<span class="smcap">George Paudash</span>, Principal Chief.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 15em;">"<span class="smcap">John Crow</span>, Chief.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 15em;">"<span class="smcap">John Copoway</span>, Chief.</span><br />
+<span style="margin-left: 15em;">"<span class="smcap">John Taunchey</span>, Chief.</span></p>
+
+<p>"Read over to the Chiefs and signed by them<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 3em;">in presence of&mdash;</span></p>
+
+<p><span style="margin-left: 15em;"><span class="smcap">Henry Baldwin</span>, Jun."</span></p>
+</div>
+
+<p>The generous action of the Indians was much
+appreciated by the British Government and the following
+acknowledgment was made by Lord John
+Russell, on its behalf:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot">
+<p class="author">"Downing Street,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<br />
+"6th May, 1841.</p>
+
+<p>"No. 372.<br />
+<span style="margin-left: 1em;">"My Lord:</span></p>
+
+<p>"I received by the last mail from Canada a
+pamphlet, containing the correspondence, addresses,
+etc., connected with the subscription of various
+Indian Tribes in Upper Canada, in aid of the funds
+for the reconstruction of Sir Isaac Brock's Monument
+on Queenston Heights.</p>
+
+<p>"The feelings evinced by the Indians on this
+occasion are much to their credit. I have to request
+that your Lordship will convey to them the thanks
+of the British Government and nation for their
+zealous co-operation, and renew to them the assurances
+of the Queen's regard for their welfare.</p>
+
+<p class="author">
+"I have, etc., &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<br />
+"(Signed) &nbsp;&nbsp; <span class="smcap">J. Russell</span>.</p>
+
+<p><span style="margin-left: 1em;">"The Right Honourable Lord Sydenham."</span></p></div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_88" id="illo_88"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 802px;">
+<img src="images/088a_illo.jpg" width="802" height="439" alt="" title="Group of Indians" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>GROUP OF INDIANS (GRAND RIVER RESERVE) CELEBRATING BROCK'S CENTENARY AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.<br />
+CHIEF ALEXANDER HILL, IN COSTUME.</h6>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>APPENDIX IV.</h2>
+<h3>&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;<br />
+MEETINGS OF THE EXECUTIVE<br />
+COMMITTEE</h3>
+
+
+<p>A meeting of the Executive Committee of the
+Brock Centenary was held on the 16th October,
+1912, there being present: Col. Ryerson, Dr. James
+L. Hughes, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. C. E. Macdonald,
+Mr. F. D. L. Smith, and Miss Helen M.
+Merrill, Secretary.</p>
+
+<div class="blockquot"><p>It was resolved:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>That the thanks of the Committee be conveyed to
+the Right Honourable R. L. Borden, Prime Minister
+of Canada, and his Government for the military
+arrangements that had been made in connection
+with the celebration of the Centenary; and to the
+Honourable Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education of
+Ontario, for so cheerfully complying with all the
+suggestions made by the Committee with respect to
+the holding of patriotic exercises in the public
+schools.</p>
+
+<p>That the publication of the Account of the Centenary
+celebration be proceeded with; and that
+Dr. Alexander Fraser (Chairman), Col. Ryerson,
+Mr. F. D. L. Smith, and Miss Helen M. Merrill be
+the Publication Committee in this matter.</p>
+
+<p>That all the correspondence and papers in connection
+with the Centenary be deposited in the
+Ontario Archives, Toronto.</p>
+
+<p>That the proposal to place a bronze tablet, commemorative
+of the Centenary, on Brock's monument
+at Queenston Heights be brought before the
+co-operating societies, and that action be taken in
+accordance with their opinion.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenumbq"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>That the striking of a Centennial medal be left
+in abeyance in the meantime.</p></div>
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p>At a meeting of the Executive Committee held on
+the 25th of October, 1912, Col. Ryerson presiding,
+the subject of publication of the Centenary volume
+was minutely discussed. It was agreed that Dr.
+Alexander Fraser should edit the MS. for the press
+and that the work be proceeded with.</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+
+<p><br /></p>
+
+<p><a name="illo_93" id="illo_93"></a></p>
+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
+<img src="images/092a_illo.jpg" width="500" height="757" alt="" title="Captain Joseph Birney" />
+</div>
+
+<h6>CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY.</h6>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</a></span></p>
+
+<h2>APPENDIX V.</h2>
+
+<h3>CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY</h3>
+
+<h5>Contributed by J. L. Birney, Toronto, Son of Captain<br />
+Joseph Birney, from whose Narrative these<br />
+Statements have been Compiled.</h5>
+
+
+<p>Captain Birney was born in Orange County,
+in the State of New York, on the 1st of February,
+1777.</p>
+
+<p>In 1779 his father, William Birney, was killed at
+the battle of Lackawack, New York, in suppressing
+an Indian uprising, and upon their bereavement
+his mother, with his sister, a child in arms, and
+himself a child two years old, made her way
+through the forest, sixty miles, to New York City.
+In the year 1783 or 1784 he was baptized in Trinity
+Church, New York City. When the British evacuated
+New York, Captain Birney, with his family
+and friends, went with the British to where now
+is situated St. John, New Brunswick, and resided
+there until 1801, when he came to Upper Canada,
+and settled where Hamilton is to-day. While in
+New Brunswick he taught the Duke of Kent to
+skate, both of them often practising together on
+St. John's River.</p>
+
+<p>In Upper Canada Captain Birney entered into the
+military life of the time. He was over six feet in
+height, powerfully built, and was well fitted for
+the stirring life then before him.</p>
+
+<p>In 1812 he was Ensign in Captain Hatt's company,
+which accompanied Sir Isaac Brock to
+Detroit, and his commission as Ensign, signed by
+Sir Isaac Brock, is now in possession of his son,
+John L. Birney, of Toronto. Captain Birney was
+present when General Brock first met Tecumseh,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</a></span>
+and he often related how the General was impressed
+with the wonderful personality of the great chief.</p>
+
+<p>As Lieutenant he served in Captain Durand's company
+of 5th Lincoln Militia at the Battle of Queenston
+Heights. He was attached to Brock's staff
+as a special aide, to supervise the laying of the
+batteries. Shortly before the Canadians were
+driven from the heights, General Brock found that
+in firing at the Americans who were coming across
+the river the bullets were flying short, and he gave
+the order to Colonel Williams to cease firing, but
+Colonel Williams, mistaking the order to mean
+"retire," began to retire by Niagara. Sir Isaac
+remarked, "That's effective," but Captain Birney,
+noticing Colonel Williams' movement, remarked,
+"But, General, you did not mean to retire!" "By
+no means," answered Sir Isaac. "Oh, for one to
+bring them back!" "May I go?" offered Birney.
+"By all means go, Birney," ordered the General,
+whereupon Captain Birney ran down the steep
+slope of the heights as fast as he could. On the way
+down he noticed the mullein stalks being cut off,
+and stepping on a slippery spot he fell violently on
+the broad of his back.</p>
+
+<p>At this he heard a great cheer, and looking
+up saw the cause of it all. The Americans were
+in possession of a portion of the heights, and their
+sharpshooters, thinking they had succeeded in intercepting
+him in his errand, had set up a cheer, but
+Birney was soon afoot, and came up with Colonel
+Williams, who upon seeing Birney, called his men
+to halt, and enquired, "What's the matter, Birney?
+Orders from the General?" Birney, being entirely
+out of breath, from his efforts and fall, could not
+answer, and Colonel Williams further enquired,
+"Did the General not order us to retire?" Birney
+shook his head. "What, then?" asked Colonel Williams.
+"To cease firing," Birney managed to whisper.
+At this the Colonel uttered an oath and smote
+himself a terrific blow on the forehead with his fist.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</a></span>
+They had not returned far when they heard a voice
+say "Halt!" and looking up they saw the General
+and his men, they having been driven from the summit.
+There was a short conference, when the General
+decided to go around by St. David's and there
+attack the enemy. But they had not gone far when
+Birney, who was immediately behind the General,
+heard a groan, and looking up saw the General
+falling from his horse, and, rushing forward, he
+assisted him to the ground. With a few parting
+orders the General was dead.</p>
+
+<p>After this Birney had to take command of his
+own company, and with the rest they fell in order
+and marched around the mountain by St. David's
+and there surprised the Americans eating their
+(the Canadians') breakfast, as the Americans had
+surprised them earlier in the morning. And then
+commenced the real fighting of the day. The
+Americans after a hand-to-hand fight were charged
+and driven out, many of them being forced over
+heights into Niagara River. Captain Birney
+used to remark that with his sword in one hand
+and a broken gunbarrel in the other he led his
+men in this charge, and it was a sorry day for any
+American who came within his reach. Among the
+many prisoners Captain Birney assisted in capturing
+that day was his cousin, Captain Winfield
+Scott, afterwards General Scott, who, after being
+taken to York, was exchanged for prisoners.</p>
+
+<p>Captain Birney led his company, the 5th Lincoln,
+in the battle of Lundy's Lane in 1814, coming out
+of it, as he did in all his engagements, without a
+scratch.</p>
+
+<p>He used to take pleasure in relating how, after
+the Americans had been badly beaten and had made
+a hasty retreat, leaving their men to be buried,
+there was left behind a lone gunner who stuck to
+his cannon. Birney and a number of his men
+marched down upon this man for the purpose of
+capturing the gun, and as they approached him,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</a></span>
+three times did this gunner swing his torch with
+the purpose of firing his gun, but each time he
+drew back from the fuse and finally threw his
+torch upon the ground. Birney said it was well
+he did, as he and many of his men would not
+have lived to tell the tale, as they were walking
+directly in the face of the cannon. He also took
+pride in telling how one Canadian cannon was
+taken and retaken many times that night, while
+lying in heaps around it were Canadians and
+Americans who had fought and died bravely.</p>
+
+<p>When the Rebellion of 1837 broke out Captain
+Birney was the oldest officer surviving the troubles
+of 1812-14. Being at that time over age he did
+not wish to take any part in the fighting, feeling
+he had served his country well and sufficiently up
+to that time, and he felt in addition that through
+favoritism many who had served under him had
+been promoted over his head. However, through
+the personal efforts of Sir Allan McNab and Colonel
+Land he was persuaded to take command
+of a company of the 3rd Gore Militia, which post
+he held until about 1841, being actively engaged
+in military affairs during all that period.</p>
+
+<p>Some of his work at this time was the building
+of the bridge for the troops to cross the water-gap
+at Burlington Heights, and he also was engaged
+in constructing the defence works on Burlington
+Heights during the battle of Stoney Creek for use
+in case of retreat. He was afterwards with his
+company in charge of the 112 prisoners who were
+held and tried at Hamilton.</p>
+
+<p>When Captain Birney died, in 1873, being in his
+96th year, he was the oldest living Mason in Canada,
+having joined the Craft in 1803.</p>
+
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+<hr style="width: 65%;" />
+<p><br /><br /></p>
+
+<p class="cen"><b>Transcriber's Notes</b></p>
+
+<p>Illustration "Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights" added to
+list of Illustrations for Page 38.</p>
+
+<p>Original spelling retained and some minor punctuation corrections made.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BROCK CENTENARY 1812-1912 ***
+
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+
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+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
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+
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+</pre>
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+  </body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,3504 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Brock Centenary 1812-1912
+
+Author: Various
+
+Contributor: John Stewart Carstairs
+
+Editor: Alexander Fraser
+
+Release Date: January 20, 2012 [EBook #38620]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BROCK CENTENARY 1812-1912 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by James Wright and the Online Distributed
+Proofreading Canada Team at http://www.pgdpcanada.net (This
+book was created from images of public domain material
+made available by the University of Toronto Libraries
+(http://link.library.utoronto.ca/booksonline/).)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: MAJOR-GENERAL BROCK.
+
+(_From miniature painting by J. Hudson._)
+
+Copyrighted in the U. S. A. and Canada.
+
+--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).]
+
+
+
+
+                           BROCK CENTENARY
+
+                              1812-1912
+
+                   ACCOUNT OF THE CELEBRATION AT
+                    QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, ONTARIO,
+                     ON THE 12th OCTOBER, 1912
+
+
+
+
+                        ALEXANDER FRASER, LL.D.
+                               Editor
+
+
+
+
+                              TORONTO
+             PRINTED AND PUBLISHED FOR THE COMMITTEE BY
+                          WILLIAM BRIGGS
+                                1913
+
+
+
+
+                             DEDICATED
+
+                                TO
+
+                 THE DESCENDANTS OF THE DEFENDERS
+
+
+
+
+                   Copyright, Canada, 1913, by
+                         ALEXANDER FRASER
+
+
+
+
+PREFATORY NOTE
+
+
+The object of this publication is to preserve an account of the
+Celebration, at Queenston Heights, of the Brock Centenary, in a more
+convenient and permanent form than that afforded by the reports
+(admirable as they are) in the local newspapers.
+
+Celebrations were held in several places in Ontario, notably at St.
+Thomas, where Dr. J. H. Coyne delivered a fervently patriotic address.
+Had reports of these been available, extended reference would have been
+gladly and properly accorded to them in this book. Considerable effort,
+involving delay in publication, was made to secure the name of every
+person who attended at Queenston Heights in a representative capacity,
+and the list is probably complete.
+
+For valuable assistance acknowledgment is due to Colonel Ryerson,
+Chairman of the General and Executive Committees; to Miss Helen M.
+Merrill, Honorary Secretary, and to Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C.,
+M.P., Toronto. Also to Mr. Walter R. Nursey, for the use of the pictures
+of General Brock, Col. Macdonell, and Brock's Monument, from his
+interesting work: "The Story of Brock," in the Canadian Heroes Series;
+and to the Ontario Archives, Toronto, for the use of the picture of the
+first monument erected to Brock on Queenston Heights.
+
+                                                 ALEXANDER FRASER.
+
+
+
+
+[Illustration: From a Silhouette in possession of John Alexander
+Macdonnell, K.C., Alexandria.
+
+LIEUTENANT-COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL.
+
+Provincial Aide-de-Camp to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock; M.P. for
+Glengarry; Attorney-General of Upper Canada.
+
+--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).]
+
+
+
+
+                                CONTENTS
+
+
+                                                                  PAGE
+
+Prefatory Note                                                       3
+
+Introduction--J. Stewart Carstairs, B.A.                             9
+
+Preliminary Steps                                                   21
+
+General Committee Formed                                            25
+
+Programme Adopted                                                   26
+
+Reports of Committees                                               29
+
+Celebrating the Day                                                 32
+
+At Queenston Heights--
+    Representatives Present                                         34
+    Floral Decorations                                              40
+    A Unique Scene                                                  42
+    Historic Flags and Relics                                       43
+    Letters of Regret for Absence                                   44
+
+The Speeches--
+    Colonel G. Sterling Ryerson                                     45
+    Mr. Angus Claude Macdonell, M.P.                                50
+    Hon. Dr. R. A. Pyne, M.P.P.                                     55
+    Colonel George T. Denison                                       58
+    Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C.                                       61
+    Dr. James L. Hughes                                             67
+    Chief A. G. Smith                                               71
+    Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft                                       74
+    Mr. Charles R. McCullough                                       75
+
+Appendix I.--Highland Heroes in the War of 1812-14
+               --Dr. Alexander Fraser                               77
+
+Appendix II.--Programme of Toronto Garrison Service
+               in Massey Hall                                       82
+
+Appendix III.--Indian Contributions to the Reconstruction
+               of Brock's Monument                                  88
+
+Appendix IV.--Meetings of the Executive Committee
+               subsequent to the Celebration                        91
+
+Appendix V.--Captain Joseph Birney                                  93
+
+
+
+
+                          ILLUSTRATIONS
+
+
+                                                                  PAGE
+
+Major-General Brock                                  _Frontispiece_
+
+Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp
+    to Major-General Sir Isaac Brock                                 5
+
+Executive Committee                                                 28
+
+First Monument to General Brock at Queenston Heights                33
+
+Brock's Monument                                                    34
+
+Central section of a panoramic picture of the gathering at
+    Queenston Heights                                               36
+
+Floral Tribute placed on Cenotaph, where Brock fell, by the
+    Guernsey Society, Toronto                                       38
+
+Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights                    38
+
+Memorial Wreaths placed on the Tombs, at Queenston Heights,
+    of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock, Kt., and Colonel John
+    Macdonell, P.A.D.C., Attorney-General of Upper Canada           41
+
+Wreath placed on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral,
+    London, Eng., by the Government of Canada                       42
+
+Wreath placed on Brock's Monument, Queenston Heights, by
+    the Imperial Order of the Daughters of the Empire               42
+
+Conferring Tribal Membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill               43
+
+Six Nation Indians celebrating Brock's Centenary at Queenston
+    Heights                                                         44
+
+Colonel George Sterling Ryerson, Chairman of Committee              45
+
+Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., addressing the gathering        51
+
+Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of Education of Ontario     58
+
+James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto         58
+
+Colonel George T. Denison, Toronto                                  58
+
+J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, addressing the gathering          61
+
+Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve          71
+
+Captain Charles R. McCullough, Hamilton, Ont.                       71
+
+Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation Indians, Toronto              71
+
+Members of Committee at Queenston Heights                           77
+
+Group of Indians (Grand River Reserve) celebrating Brock's
+    Centenary at Queenston Heights                                  88
+
+Captain Joseph Birnie                                               93
+
+
+
+
+INTRODUCTION
+
+BROCK AND QUEENSTON
+
+By John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Toronto
+
+
+
+Brock's fame and Brock's name will never die in our history. The past
+one hundred years have settled that. And in this glory the craggy
+heights of Queenston, where in their splendid mausoleum Brock and
+Macdonell sleep side by side their last sleep, will always have its
+share. Strangely enough, who ever associates Brock's name with Detroit?
+Yet, here was a marvellous achievement: the left wing of the enemy's
+army annihilated, its eloquent and grandiose leader captured and two
+thousand five hundred men and abundant military stores, with the State
+of Michigan thrown in!
+
+But Britain in those days was so busy doing things that we a hundred
+years later can scarcely realize them. However, so much of our historic
+perspective has been settled during the past hundred years. Perhaps in
+another hundred years, when other generations come together to
+commemorate the efforts of these men that with Brock and Macdonell
+strove to seek and find and do and not to yield, the skirmish at
+Queenston may be viewed in a different light.
+
+Perhaps then the British Constitution will have bridged the oceans and
+the "Seven Seas"; perhaps then Canada will be more British than Britain
+itself--the very core, the centre, the heart of the Empire in territory
+and population, in wealth and in influence, in spirit and in vital
+activities. Then Queenston Heights may be regarded not merely as a
+victory that encouraged Canadians to fight for their homes but as a
+far-reaching world-event.
+
+The year of Queenston, let us remember, was the year of Salamanca and of
+Moscow--the most glorious year in British military annals. But what has
+Salamanca to do with Canada? Britain was fighting alone, not merely for
+the freedom of Britons but for the freedom of Europe. Since 1688 she had
+been for more than one-half of the one hundred and twenty-four years
+actively in arms against France. Since 1793 there had been peace--and
+only nominal peace--_against_ France for only the two years following
+the Treaty of Amiens (1801). The generation approaching maturity in 1812
+had been born and had grown up "in wars and rumours of wars." In this
+struggle against France and later against Napoleon, the Motherland had
+increased the National Debt by L500,000,000, or nearly twenty-five
+hundred millions of dollars; she had spent every cent she could gather
+and taxed her posterity to this extent. That is what Britain had done
+for her children--and for the world at large!
+
+But ever since Jefferson had purchased (1803) Louisiana from Napoleon
+the United States had found she was less dependent on Britain.
+Accordingly, Jefferson grew more and more unfriendly. And now in 1812,
+the world campaign of Napoleon had spread to America. He had hoped for
+this, but on different lines. He had planned for it, but those plans had
+failed.
+
+"The War of 1812-14," as we call it, was merely a phase, a section, of
+the greatest struggle in the history of mankind--the struggle of Britain
+against the aggrandisement and cheap ambition of Napoleon to become the
+Dictator of Europe and the civilized world. Brock, though invited to
+take a share in the long drawn out contest in Spain, decided--fortunately
+for us--to remain in Canada.
+
+The year 1812 was the climax of the war with Napoleon--the most
+splendid, as we have said, of all years in British military annals.
+Since 1808, the British forces had been striving to drive the French
+from Spain. First under Sir John Moore, later under Wellington, inch by
+inch, year by year, they had beaten them back toward the Pyrenees. Then
+on July 22, 1812, just as Brock was struggling with all his difficulties
+here in Canada, there came Wellington's first decisive victory at
+Salamanca. The news reached Brock in October and a day or two before he
+died he sent the tidings forward to Proctor--Proctor then struggling
+with his Forty-first Regiment to do as much damage as he could to the
+enemy hundreds of miles out from Windsor and Detroit, Proctor who was to
+be eternally much abused for faults he never was guilty of, and to be
+blamed for Tecumseh's death next year. With the news of Salamanca went
+Brock's prophetic comment: "I think the game nearly up in Spain"; and
+within a year the game, Napoleon's game, was up, not only in Spain but
+in all Europe. Within a year Leipsic had been fought and won and
+Napoleon was a wanderer on the face of the earth, to be gathered in and
+lodged on Elba.
+
+Meanwhile other great events were shaping. Just a month before
+Salamanca--in fact, four days before the United States declared
+war--Napoleon had set out on his fatal expedition against Russia. Two
+days later he crossed the Niemen. More than a million Frenchmen were now
+in arms in Europe; and Britain was the only active enemy in the field.
+
+What wonder then that Brock, as the civil and military head of the
+Government of Upper Canada, should view with extreme anxiety the
+situation in the Province? He had been in Canada for ten years. He knew
+that the Motherland could not furnish any more men. There were fifteen
+hundred regular troops in Upper, and two thousand in Lower Canada. Forty
+years before there had not been a single settlement in what is now
+Ontario from the Detroit to the Ottawa, from Lake Ontario to Sault Ste.
+Marie. Now there were seventy-five thousand inhabitants; and under a
+wise Militia Act they had imposed yearly military service on themselves;
+every male inhabitant had to furnish his own gun and appear on parade or
+be heavily fined. Thus there was a volunteer force more or less trained
+amounting to about ten thousand men--a militia that under Brock rendered
+splendid service.
+
+But arms were scarce and supplies had to be brought long distances. The
+men at Queenston won their victory with guns that were captured two
+months before at Detroit. Throughout the war, when our mills had been
+burnt by a ruthless enemy that made war on women and children and old
+men, supplies were brought up the toilsome course of the St. Lawrence in
+Durham boats and _bateaux_. The devoted militia of the river counties
+guarded the frontier, and only once did they lose a convoy, part of
+which they afterwards recovered by a raid into the enemy's territory at
+Waddington, N.Y.
+
+In front of Brock was a nation of eight or nine millions, a nation that
+believed they could "take the Canadas without soldiers;" as the United
+States Secretary of War said--"we have only to send officers into the
+Province and the people, disaffected towards their own Government, will
+rally round our standard." Yet they placed, during the three years of
+the war, 527,000 men in the field and were defeated in thirty-two
+engagements. The odds were twenty-six to one against us. That was
+Brock's grand bequest to this land--the spirit to fight against odds
+that were at first sight positively overwhelming.
+
+For years sedition and disloyalty had been gaining ground in Upper
+Canada. In 1802, Colonel Talbot classified the inhabitants of the
+western part of the Province as (1) those enticed hither by the free
+land grants; (2) those that had fled from the United States for crime;
+(3) Republicans anticipating that the colony would shake off its
+allegiance to Britain. Lieutenant-Colonel Ernest Cruikshank, who is
+justly regarded as the most eminent authority on the War of 1812-14,
+believes that in a large portion of the Province "the recent immigrants
+from the United States outnumbered all the other inhabitants at least
+two to one. Two-thirds of the members of the Assembly and one-third of
+the magistrates were natives of the United States."
+
+On the 28th of July, 1812, Brock called together the Legislature of
+Upper Canada. In his speech from the throne he stated that "a few
+traitors have already joined the enemy, have been suffered to come into
+the country with impunity, and have been harboured and concealed in the
+interior." The peroration should be memorized by every young Canadian:
+"We are engaged in an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and
+despatch in our councils and by vigour in our operations we may teach
+the enemy this lesson, that a country defended by _free men_,
+enthusiastically devoted to their king and constitution, can never be
+conquered." He especially desired the suspension of the Habeas Corpus
+Act and the passing of an Act to compel suspected persons to take an
+oath abjuring their allegiance to other countries. But Brock, to use his
+own words, could "get no good of them. They, like the magistrates and
+others in office, evidently mean to remain passive. The repeal of the
+Habeas Corpus will not pass, and if I have recourse to the law martial,
+I am told the whole armed force will disperse. Never was an officer
+placed in a more awkward predicament."
+
+The very next day he wrote in much the same spirit to Colonel Baynes:
+"The population, believe me, is essentially bad--a full belief possesses
+them all that this Province must inevitably succumb. This prepossession
+is fatal to every exertion. Legislators, magistrates, militia officers,
+all have imbibed the idea, and are so sluggish and indifferent in their
+respective offices that the artful and active scoundrel is allowed to
+parade the country without interruption and commit all imaginable
+mischief. . . . Most of the people have lost all confidence. I, however,
+speak loud and look big."
+
+On the same day, moreover, he reported: "The militia stationed here (at
+York) volunteered their services to any part of the Province without the
+least hesitation."
+
+Day after day his Legislature wasted their time. For eight days they
+discussed a mere party question of changing a clause in the School Bill.
+Brock prorogued Parliament and took the reins in his own hands. He
+declared martial law, and soon after three members of the Legislature,
+Willcocks, Markle, and Mallory, deserted and joined the United States
+forces.
+
+At once he set out on his expedition to Detroit. Through the wilds of
+Upper Canada, by lake and field, he led his small band of men two
+hundred miles. In nineteen days he was back again in his capital. He had
+annihilated the left wing of the enemy's army; he had captured two
+thousand five hundred men, thirty-seven cannon and immense military
+stores. The State of Michigan practically remained in our possession
+till the close of the war.
+
+A hundred years ago Brock spent the last week in August and the first
+part of October in strengthening the defences on the Niagara frontier.
+He needed one thousand more regulars, but Sir George Prevost could not
+spare another man. He mounted new batteries with the Detroit cannon. He
+established a system of communication and the use of beacon lights from
+Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, with a spur line inland to Pelham Heights. He
+refitted his men from the stores captured at Detroit. Ceaseless activity
+and eternal vigilance were the very laws of his life. The motto on his
+seal is said to have been "He who guards never sleeps." The legend may
+not be correct, but it is so appropriate that one likes to perpetuate
+the tradition.
+
+The United States army as a whole was attacking Canada at three points:
+its right wing was trying to force its way up the valley of the
+Richelieu; its left wing had been disposed of by Brock at Detroit; its
+centre was being strengthened every day along the Niagara frontier. From
+the old French fort at the mouth of the Niagara River to the village of
+Buffalo there was on both sides of the Niagara an uninterrupted scene of
+fearful and warlike activity. The heights of Lewiston and the red beach
+below were white with the tents of nearly four thousand soldiers.
+
+From Queenston a small body of British and Canadian soldiers were
+watching and waiting. Then--a hundred years ago--it was much the same
+straggling village as to-day. Here the eddying, foaming, turbulent
+waters of the Niagara issue from the narrow, rocky gorge to spread out
+into a gentle stream and wind their way to Lake Ontario, seven miles
+distant. At the foot of the Canadian cliff nestles Queenston; at the
+foot of the sister cliff opposite is Lewiston in New York State. A
+hundred years ago, from the "Heights" a spectator would have seen the
+same glorious panorama of fertile fields and autumn tints; but since
+June the whole line of the Niagara River had resounded with din of
+preparations to resist a ruthless and aggressive invader.
+
+But while Brock was absent at Detroit, about the middle of August, Sir
+George Prevost, the British commander-in-chief, had very unwisely
+concluded an armistice with General Dearborn, the terms of which
+extended only to the right wing of the United States army. Accordingly,
+this gave Major-General Van Rensselaer, who was in command of the enemy
+on the Niagara, a splendid opportunity to array still larger forces
+against Brock. Artillery and stores were brought up from Oswego;
+thousands of additional troops had been hurried forward to the enemy;
+scows and boats were built for the purpose of crossing the Niagara.
+
+"Major-General Stephen Van Rensselaer," says Colonel Ernest Cruikshank,
+the careful historian of the war, "who held chief command by virtue of
+his rank as major-general of the New York State troops, was an entire
+novice in all military affairs, and could scarcely even be termed an
+amateur soldier. The last patroon of the manor of Rensselaer-Wyck and
+the leading Federalist in the State, his appointment was a sharp stroke
+of party tactics on the part of the Governor, who discovered in him a
+prospective and dangerous opponent. The recent congressional elections
+had seemed to indicate that the Federalists had regained the confidence
+of the people of New York, and most of their leaders were uncompromising
+in their hostility to the war. If Van Rensselaer accepted the command
+his immediate following would be committed to its prosecution; if he
+refused his conduct could be denounced as unpatriotic.
+
+"Stephen was an amiable and benevolent, but rather dull man of about
+fifty years of age. On all strictly military subjects he was compelled
+to rely upon the advice of his adjutant-general and cousin, Colonel
+Solomon Van Rensselaer, who had been bred a soldier, had served in the
+United States army for ten years, and had held his present appointment
+for as many more. He had been wounded in Wayne's campaign against the
+Indians, and possessed the reputation of being a brave and skilful
+officer."
+
+The close observer who comes up the Niagara River will see just after he
+leaves the wharf of Niagara-on-the-Lake the far-extending green bastions
+of Fort George. A hundred years ago there was no barn there which a
+thrifty Government later allowed to be built within its lines. But a
+hundred years ago this morning, on Tuesday, October 13, it was a fort
+and Brock's headquarters. For weeks there had been persistent
+rainstorms. In the dull grey foggy chill of the morning, about four
+o'clock, there came an alarm that the enemy were crossing the river at
+Queenston. In a few minutes, Brock dashed out of the fort unattended and
+galloped headlong up the river road. Macdonell, his young and faithful
+aide-de-camp, soon followed. At Brown's Point, two miles from Queenston,
+was a battery manned by the militia of York, among them such men as John
+Beverley Robinson and Archibald Maclean, both afterwards chief justices.
+As Brock passed he waved his hand to them; and very likely it was then
+he said, "Push on, brave York Volunteers." And as they advanced to
+support their leaders there was plenty of evidence that the invaders had
+made a landing. Troops of the enemy were met under guard--miserable,
+wounded wretches.
+
+The mouth of the Niagara Gorge is barely two hundred yards wide; and
+this had been selected as the place at which to cross. Fifteen hundred
+United States regulars and nearly three thousand militia, it was hoped,
+could be ferried across in seven trips. At Queenston to oppose them
+there were merely two companies of the Forty-ninth (Brock's regiment)
+under Captain Dennis, and three companies of militia. In all, in and
+about Queenston there were less than two hundred men.
+
+In less than fifteen minutes ten boats had landed three hundred men,
+exactly as they had planned. When discovered by a sentinel, they were
+forming up under the command of Colonel Solomon Van Rensselaer.
+
+At once from Brown's Point, from Vrooman's Point, from the gun halfway
+up Queenston Heights there belched forth an incessant fire. The
+Lewiston batteries opened on the village and soon reduced several of
+the houses to ruins.
+
+Meanwhile, Captain Dennis, with forty-six men, sought out the invaders
+at the foot of the cliff. Though they soon took to the cover of the
+trees and brush in disorder, many were killed, and Colonel Van
+Rensselaer himself received no less than six wounds.
+
+After dawn, however, they observed how few men were working the one-gun
+battery halfway up Queenston Heights. They ascended by a narrow
+fisherman's path, under the command of Lieutenant Wool, and gained the
+Heights unopposed.
+
+It was "at this instant Brock rode into the village, splashed with mud
+from head to foot. . . . A striking scene presented itself to his gaze.
+Battalion after battalion of troops in rear of the American batteries in
+readiness to embark; other detachments entering their boats, some
+already on the river; their guns throwing round and grape shot into the
+village, where Dennis still contrived to maintain a foothold"
+(Cruikshank).
+
+Brock rode up the slope toward the redan halfway up the Heights. From
+the hillside above him burst a shout and down rushed an overwhelming
+body of the invaders. With barely time to spike the gun with a ramrod,
+the three officers and the dozen artillerymen withdrew and left the
+enemy in possession.
+
+Fresh troops were now landing to assist the invaders; and Brock was
+fully convinced that the lost position must be recovered at once. He
+sent Captain Williams with about seventy men by a round-about way to
+attack Wool's left. Seeing Wool's force driven in, Brock mustered a
+hundred and ninety men, including the militia flank companies. Waving
+his sword, he led his men up the steep ascent toward the battery they
+had lost. As he moved toward the right of the mountain, a bullet struck
+his sword wrist. Within fifty yards of him, an Ohio rifleman stepped
+out from a thicket, took deliberate aim and fired. Shot through the left
+breast, he fell. "My fall," he murmured, "must not be noticed, nor
+impede my brave companions from advancing to victory." Mindful of duty,
+mindful of others, thus died Sir Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper Canada.
+
+Three days before, a grateful sovereign had created him a Knight of the
+Order of the Bath. Subsequent generations of Canadians placed over his
+remains the noble shaft, that from its commanding position is the most
+notable landmark of the historic battleground he made famous. But he
+lives in the hearts of the people whose country he saved, whose fathers
+he inspired to resist the invader. He had found them a panic-stricken
+people, he left them vigorous, united, aggressive.
+
+The remaining incidents of that day at Queenston Heights are well known.
+Two hours later, Macdonell, Brock's military secretary and aide, tried
+to regain the one-gun battery. A fierce fight ensued: Macdonell, Dennis
+and Williams were all wounded; and the next day the bright young
+Scotsman, attorney-general at the age of twenty-seven, passed away. In
+life he was united with Brock, and in death he was not separated. The
+bodies of the two heroes rest together under the Queenston Monument,
+where the river has been singing their requiem for a hundred years.
+
+The third stage of the battle was reached at two o'clock in the
+afternoon. Then Major-General Roger Hale Sheaffe advanced from Fort
+George along the river road. Turning to the right down the little
+Queenston Creek, he led his forces across the Dr. Hamilton property. On
+the left he flung out his Indians under Norton and Brant, and they moved
+forward and made trouble.
+
+Ascending the escarpment west of the invading troops, Sheaffe came upon
+the terrified invaders, drawn up near the site of the present monument.
+Their left rested on the river verge of the cliff. A volley or two--and
+the Canadians found themselves embarrassed with prisoners. Within a few
+days, 958, including stragglers, had surrendered as prisoners of war.
+Among these were General Wadsworth, who had been in command, and
+Lieutenant-Colonel Winfield Scott, later to become commander-in-chief of
+the United States army and conqueror of Mexico.
+
+
+
+
+PRELIMINARY STEPS
+
+
+The desire to commemorate the centenary of Brock's death-day--October
+13th, 1912--took form at a meeting of the United Empire Loyalists'
+Association of Canada, held at Toronto on April 11th, 1912, when, on the
+motion of Mr. John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., a committee, consisting of
+Colonel Ryerson, Lieut.-Colonel W. Hamilton Merritt, Mr. J. S.
+Carstairs, and Mr. C. E. MacDonald, barrister, was appointed to draft a
+suitable programme for the celebration of "Brock's Day."
+
+This committee submitted the following report at a meeting of the
+Association held on September 17th, 1912, Colonel Ryerson presiding:
+
+     "Your Committee begs leave to report that as, within their
+     knowledge, no action has been taken by either the Federal or
+     Provincial Government to celebrate the Centenary of the death of
+     Sir Isaac Brock on Sunday, October 13th, 1912, they recommend as
+     follows:
+
+     "(1) That recommendations be made to both the Federal Government
+     and to the Provincial Government of Ontario, that in view of the
+     fact that General Brock in June, 1812, found himself at the head of
+     a panic-stricken people in the presence of a powerful invader, and
+     that a few months later, when he fell at Queenston Heights, he left
+     that people united, fearless and invincible, it is believed that
+     there should be a national demonstration that will be in effect
+     only less impressive on the public mind than was the passing away
+     of the man himself at Queenston Heights a hundred years ago.
+
+     "(2) That the demonstration might take the form of a royal salute
+     from every cannon in the land on Sunday, October 13th. This would
+     be a matter to be arranged by the Minister of Militia.
+
+     "(3) Every church in Canada might be requested to hold some sort of
+     a memorial service on Sunday, October 13th.
+
+     "(4) On Friday, October 11th, every school in Canada might appeal
+     to the intellect and imagination of the coming generation of men
+     and women by appropriate commemorative exercises.
+
+     "(5) Monday, October 14th, could be proclaimed a national holiday.
+
+     "There is, in the corridor of the Parliament Buildings at Toronto,
+     the copy of a splendid portrait of Brock, full of life and action.
+     By some arrangement with the Minister of Education in every
+     Province, or even without it, perhaps a copy of this picture could
+     be placed in every school in the land.
+
+     "(6) As the city of Toronto is very likely to expropriate the Knox
+     College property, it might be well to suggest to the city
+     authorities that this new park should be opened in October with
+     proper ceremonies and named Brock Park. In this connection, it
+     might be well to recall that the lower portion of Spadina Avenue
+     was, until recently, known as Brock Street.
+
+     "(7) It is recommended that these suggestions shall be brought to
+     the attention of the Federal and Provincial Governments, and every
+     means should be taken to convince the authorities that on October
+     13th, 1912, our people should hang some votive offering on the
+     shrine of the hero of Upper Canada.
+
+     "(8) That copies of this report be sent to the National Council of
+     Women and to the Secretary of the Imperial Order of the Daughters
+     of the Empire inviting their concurrence.
+
+                                      "J. S. CARSTAIRS, _Chairman_."
+
+This Report was adopted tentatively, and in order to secure as wide as
+possible a co-operation from other patriotic Associations, it was
+agreed, on the motion of Colonel Denison, seconded by Mr. C. E.
+Macdonald, that the Centenary of Sir Isaac Brock's death, Sunday,
+October 13th, 1912, be commemorated by an excursion to Queenston Heights
+on the 12th, and that patriotic and historical societies, clubs and
+regiments, etc., be asked to send not more than three delegates to a
+meeting to be held on Wednesday, September 25th, at 4.30 o'clock, in the
+Canadian Foresters' Building, to discuss a plan of commemoration.
+
+In accordance with this resolution the following societies were
+circularized, and asked to co-operate in the celebration:
+
+SOCIETIES: British Empire League; Caledonian Society; Canadian Club;
+Canadian Defence League; Daughters of the Empire, Niagara Falls, Ont.;
+Daughters of the Empire, St. Catharines; Empire Club; Historical
+Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake;
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire; Irish Protestant and Benevolent
+Society, Toronto; Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.;
+Ontario Historical Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St.
+Catharines' Historical Society; St. George's Society, Toronto; Sons of
+England, Toronto; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association, Toronto;
+Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto; Women's Canadian Club,
+Toronto; Women's Historical Society, Hamilton; Women's Institute,
+Queenston; Women's Institute, Stamford; York Pioneers' Association.
+
+MILITARY: Brig.-General W. H. Cotton, Officer Commanding 2nd Division;
+Canadian Army Medical Corps, Permanent Army Medical Corps, Permanent
+Army Service Corps, Royal Canadian Dragoons, Royal Canadian Engineers,
+Royal Canadian Regiment.
+
+_Artillery_: 2nd Brigade Canadian Field Artillery, 9th Battery Canadian
+Field Artillery.
+
+_Cavalry_: Governor-General's Body Guard, 9th Mississauga Horse.
+
+_Infantry_: "Queen's Own" Rifles, 10th Regiment Royal Grenadiers, 12th
+Regiment York Rangers, 48th Battalion Highlanders.
+
+_Military Associations, Etc._: Canadian Military Institute, Her
+Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans, Imperial South African Service
+Association, Veterans of '66 Association, Veterans of '85 Association,
+Wolseley Red River Expedition Association, 1870.
+
+
+
+
+GENERAL COMMITTEE FORMED
+
+
+In response to the invitation above referred to, societies and regiments
+appointed the following delegates to represent them on the General
+Committee:--
+
+     _United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada_: Colonel G.
+     Sterling Ryerson, President; Colonel G. T. Denison, Lieut.-Colonel
+     George A. Shaw, Mr. R. E. A. Land, Vice-Presidents; Mr. J. Stewart
+     Carstairs, Honorary Secretary; Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary
+     Assistant Secretary; Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mr. C. E.
+     Macdonald, Miss Catharine Merritt, Mr. R. S. Neville, K.C., Captain
+     Victor Hall, Miss O. V. Widner, Mrs. F. O. Loft, Mrs. Edmund
+     Phillips, Mrs. Dignam, Toronto.
+
+     _Six Nations Indians_ (United Empire Loyalists): Warrior F. O.
+     Loft, Mr. Allen W. Johnson.
+
+     _British Empire League_: Colonel G. T. Denison, Toronto.
+
+     _Canadian Club_: Dr. A. H. U. Colquhoun, President; Mr. F. D. L.
+     Smith, Toronto.
+
+     _Canadian Defence League_: Colonel Fotheringham, Dr. J. L. Hughes,
+     Mr. R. E. Kingsford, Toronto.
+
+     _Empire Club_: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. E. K. Richardson,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire_: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham,
+     Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Mrs. John Bruce, Miss Constance Boulton,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _Sons of Scotland_: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Dr. John Ferguson,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _St. George's Society, Toronto_: John W. Gamble Boyd.
+
+     _Lundy's Lane Historical Association_: Mr. J. Jackson,
+     Superintendent Queen Victoria Park, Secretary, Niagara Falls, Ont.
+
+     _Niagara Historical Society_: Miss Janet Carnochan,
+     Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson, Mrs. Charles Lewis
+     Shaw, Toronto.
+
+     _Ontario Historical Society_: Dr. Alexander Fraser, Secretary,
+     Toronto.
+
+     _Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto_: Miss M. Agnes
+     FitzGibbon, Toronto.
+
+     _Women's Wentworth Historical Society_: Mrs. John Calder, Hamilton,
+     President.
+
+     _Governor-General's Body Guard_: Lieut.-Colonel Frank A. Fleming,
+     W. E. L. Coleman, Toronto.
+
+     _12th Regiment_: Major Curran, Toronto.
+
+     _48th Highlanders_: Captain Darling, Adjutant.
+
+     _'66 Veterans' Association_: Captain Geo. Musson, P. E. Noverre,
+     David Creighton, Lieut.-Colonel A. E. Belcher, Lieut.-Colonel Geo.
+     A. Shaw, Toronto.
+
+     _'85 Veterans' Association_: Sergeant A. G. Scovell, Toronto.
+
+
+PROGRAMME ADOPTED
+
+The first meeting of the General Committee thus formed was held on
+September 25th, 1912, in the Canadian Foresters' Building, College
+Street, Toronto. There was a large attendance of members.
+
+Colonel Ryerson was appointed Chairman, and Miss Helen M. Merrill
+Secretary, of the Committee. The report from the United Empire Loyalist
+Association of Canada, as given above, having been read to the meeting,
+resolutions to the following effect were passed:
+
+     (1) That Brock's Day be celebrated by a public gathering at
+     Queenston Heights.
+
+     (2) That the various patriotic and historical societies, local as
+     well as those within easy reach of Queenston, be invited to send as
+     large delegations as possible to Brock's Monument on Saturday,
+     October 12th, 1912, in commemoration of his death.
+
+     (3) That the various patriotic and historical societies be asked to
+     send wreaths for the purpose of decorating Brock's Monument on
+     October 12th.
+
+     (4) That a special invitation be sent to Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C.,
+     Alexandria, Ont., to attend the celebration as the direct
+     representative of Colonel John Macdonell, the Attorney-General of
+     Upper Canada, and Brock's Provincial A.D.C., who fell with his
+     leader, and whose remains rest beneath the monument on Queenston
+     Heights.
+
+     (5) That the Honourable the Minister of Militia be asked to order
+     that salutes be fired on October 12th from all saluting points in
+     Canada.
+
+     (6) That the churches be asked to arrange that memorial sermons be
+     preached throughout Canada on Sunday, October 13th.
+
+     (7) That suitable exercises relating to Brock and 1812 should be
+     held in every school in Canada; and that this suggestion be not
+     only given publicity through the newspapers, but that the attention
+     of the various Ministers of Education in the Dominion be specially
+     drawn to it.
+
+     (8) That the Superintendent-General of Indian Affairs at Ottawa be
+     asked to take measures to have the history of Brock and the events
+     of the 1812 war brought specially before the children in all Indian
+     Schools under the charge of the Dominion Government.
+
+     (9) That a wreath be placed on the picture of Brock in the
+     Parliament Buildings, Toronto.
+
+     (10) That it be suggested to the Dominion Government to place a
+     wreath on Brock's Monument in St. Paul's Cathedral, London,
+     England.
+
+An Executive Committee was appointed to further these resolutions,
+consisting of the members of the following special committees:--
+
+     _Travelling Arrangements, etc._: Colonel Ryerson, Dr. James L.
+     Hughes, Mr. J. S. Carstairs and Mr. C. E. Macdonald.
+
+     _Press_: Mr. J. Castell Hopkins, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. F. D. L.
+     Smith, Miss Helen M. Merrill.
+
+     Chairman and Secretary of the Executive Committee: Colonel Ryerson
+     and Miss Helen M. Merrill.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+Miss Helen M. Merrill, Honorary Secretary. Colonel George S. Ryerson,
+Chairman. James L Hughes. LL.D. J. Castell Hopkins. J. Stewart
+Carstairs, B.A. Charles E. Macdonald, Esq. Alexander Fraser, LL.D. F. D.
+L. Smith, Esq.
+
+EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE.]
+
+
+
+
+REPORTS OF COMMITTEES
+
+
+The General Committee met on October 2nd, 1912, Colonel Ryerson
+presiding. The reports of the special committees regarding the
+arrangements were very satisfactory, and it was made abundantly clear
+that the proposed celebration had touched a tender chord of public
+feeling. Travelling arrangements by train to Niagara Falls and by
+electric car thence to Queenston Heights were approved of. The
+co-operation of the Women's Institute, Queenston, was promised in
+connection with the decoration of the grounds there; the Ontario
+Government consented to police the grounds, and the Victoria Park
+Commission to reopen the restaurant at the Heights for the day. It was
+agreed to advise the hotels at Niagara Falls, Ont., that luncheon would
+be taken at that town on arrival of the train, and to arrange with the
+electric railway for the conveyance of the visitors to the Monument. The
+publicity so generously afforded by the press was gratefully
+acknowledged. A letter from Mr. J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Alexandria,
+accepting the Committee's invitation, was read; and a motion by Mr. F.
+D. L. Smith that a bronze tablet to mark the centenary celebration be
+placed on Brock's Monument was deferred for consideration at the next
+meeting to be held on the week following.
+
+At the meeting of the General Committee held on October 9th in the
+Canadian Foresters' Hall, Toronto, Colonel Ryerson presiding, the
+following report of the Executive Committee was received and adopted:--
+
+     "The Executive Committee met on October 7th and received
+     satisfactory reports of the progress made in carrying out the
+     proposals of the General Committee. A programme for the celebration
+     at Queenston Heights was drafted, and the President was requested
+     to arrange with the Department of Militia that the permanent forces
+     be sent from Toronto to Queenston Heights to take part in the
+     proceedings. It was also resolved to publish an account of the
+     proceedings in connection with the celebration as an interesting
+     record of a notable event."
+
+The Executive also reported that all arrangements had been completed for
+the journey to Queenston Heights; that the Militia Department had
+ordered that salutes be fired from all saluting points in Canada on the
+12th inst.; that commemorative church services would be extensively held
+on the 13th inst.; that special exercises would be observed in the
+public schools in accordance with letters received from the Honourable
+R. A. Pyne, M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, Mr. Augustus W.
+Ball, Deputy Minister of Education, Saskatchewan, Mr. Alexander
+Robinson, Superintendent of Education, British Columbia, and from Mr. R.
+Fletcher, Deputy Minister of Education, Manitoba; that a detachment from
+the permanent infantry force at Toronto would proceed to Queenston
+Heights on the 12th inst.; that the Toronto, Hamilton and other corps of
+militia would be represented, and that large delegations from patriotic,
+national and historical societies would take part; that many wreaths
+would be sent to the monument; that the Dominion Government had ordered
+its representative in London, England, to place a wreath on Brock's
+Memorial in St. Paul's Cathedral; and that letters from prominent public
+men had been received, either regretting their inability to take part or
+accepting the invitations to be present.
+
+This being the last meeting of the General Committee, it was agreed to
+refer the suggestion that a bronze centennial tablet be placed on
+Brock's Monument, the striking of a Centennial medal, and all business
+connected with the celebration ceremonies, or arising therefrom, to the
+Executive Committee, with full power to dispose of the same.
+
+The meeting then adjourned _sine die_.
+
+
+
+
+CELEBRATING THE DAY
+
+
+It had been decided to travel by the Grand Trunk Railway train leaving
+Toronto at nine o'clock a.m. (a few only going by steamer from Yonge
+Street wharf). The unsettled, rainy weather of the two previous days had
+caused some misgiving as to the number of people who might venture on an
+open air demonstration on a cold October day, and the grey looming skies
+at dawn on Saturday, the 12th, held no hidden hope of a silver lining.
+The enthusiasm awakened by the name of Brock, however, was resistless,
+and betimes the seats in the waiting train were crowded. The Union
+Station witnessed a lively scene--the soldiers in bright colours, the
+ladies and gentlemen in gay humour, and the stirring music of the
+bagpipes, combining to enliven and mark the unusual character of the
+occasion.
+
+At Hamilton a number of friends joined the party, and others who could
+not do so came to the railway station to express their good wishes. St.
+Catharines also gave its contingent. Niagara Falls was safely reached at
+11.45 o'clock.
+
+Shortly afterwards Major Gordon J. Smith, Brantford, Superintendent of
+the Six Nation Indians, and a fine delegation arrived, and luncheon was
+served at several of the hotels.
+
+The journey was resumed by electric cars, the large company arriving at
+Queenston Heights in the course of an hour.
+
+During the forenoon the sky had cleared, and now the sun shone out
+brightly for a space on a landscape unsurpassed anywhere for spacious
+magnificence and scenic beauty. And crowning the domed escarpment the
+stately column spoke forth a people's patriotism and love, a memorial to
+the brave, the scene harmonizing with the feelings of the great
+gathering.
+
+[Illustration: FIRST MONUMENT TO GENERAL BROCK AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.
+
+--Ontario Archives.]
+
+
+
+
+AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS
+
+
+[Illustration: BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.
+
+--From Nursey's "Story of Isaac Brock" (Briggs).]
+
+About two thousand people gathered at the foot of the Monument. Colonel
+G. Sterling Ryerson, President of the General Committee and of the U. E.
+L. Association, presided. Among those present were the Hon. R. A. Pyne,
+M.P.P., Minister of Education for Ontario, and Mrs. Pyne; A. Claude
+Macdonell, M.P., Toronto; W. M. German, M.P., Welland; Colonel George T.
+Denison (U. E. L. and British Empire League); J. A. Macdonell, K.C.,
+Glengarry; A. MacLean Macdonell, K.C. (representatives of Colonel the
+Hon. John Macdonell, Provincial A.D.C. to General Brock); Dr. Alexander
+Dame (a relative of Hon. Colonel John Macdonell); James L. Hughes, LL.D.
+(Canadian Defence League); Doctor Jessop, M.P.P., St. Catharines; Mr.
+Evan Fraser, M.P.P., Niagara Falls, Ont.; Alexander Fraser, LL.D.
+(Ontario Historical Society, St. Andrew's Society, and S.O.S.
+Association); Mr. F. D. W. Smith (Canadian Club, Toronto); J. Castell
+Hopkins (Empire Club, Toronto); Miss Helen M. Merrill (Honorary
+Secretary, Brock Centenary, and U. E. L.); Miss C. Macdonell; Miss Kate
+Fraser, Toronto; Mr. John Stewart Carstairs, B.A. (Honorary Secretary,
+U. E. L. Association of Canada); Mr. Charles E. Macdonald, barrister,
+Toronto (Honorary Counsellor, U. E. L. Association of Canada); Chas. R.
+McCullough, Hamilton (Union of Canadian Clubs).
+
+Royal Canadian College, Kingston: Colonel J. H. V. Crowe, Commandant.
+
+Royal Canadian Regiment: Captain J. F. Brown (in command), Lieutenant J.
+W. Cox, and sixty-eight non-coms. and men.
+
+Governor-General's Body Guard: Lieut.-Colonel Prank A. Fleming, officer
+commanding; Lieutenant A. D. Kirkpatrick; A. M. Stretton, Sergt.-Major,
+W. O.; S.Q.M.S. W. E. Borlace, Sergeant E. Pelletier, Mr. W. E. L.
+Coleman, Robt. D. Cox, Q.M. Sgt., 1st Cavalry Brigade; Corporal Worsick,
+Corporal Douglas; Troopers G. L. Collins, E. Lightbody, Sewell, Thos.
+Preston, G. W. C. Clarke, John S. Kilpatrick, W. Lennox, W. Hill, S.
+Norse.
+
+9th Mississauga Horse.
+
+St. Catharines Field Battery: Colonel F. King, Lieut.-Colonel Campbell.
+
+Canadian Engineers.
+
+2nd Regt. Q.O.R., Toronto: Sergeant-Major Geo. Creighton, Sergeants J.
+I. Matthews, A. G. Scovell, R. F. Reed, W. F. Meaforth, Forsyth, Scott;
+George Sanderson, E. R. Fitzgerald, retired, New Westminster, B.C., and
+others.
+
+10th Regt., "Royal Grenadiers," Toronto: Edward Johnston, Geo. H.
+Briggs, Robert Hazelton, and seventeen men under Captain Campbell.
+
+12th Regt., "York Rangers": Major Curran.
+
+13th Regt., Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel Moore, Bt. Lieut.-Colonel Ross,
+C.O., Major Lester.
+
+19th Regt., St. Catharines: Lieut.-Colonel W. W. Burleigh and others.
+
+22nd Regt., "Oxford Rifles."
+
+36th "Peel" Regt.: Royal Grafton, Ensign.
+
+48th Regt., "Highlanders," Toronto: Lieut.-Colonel W. Hendrie, Major J.
+A. Currie, and thirty-two non-com. officers and men in charge of
+Sergeant Cameron.
+
+91st Regt., Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton: Lieut.-Colonel John J.
+Maclaren and others.
+
+York and Simcoe Battalion, Toronto: Corporal Thos. Laird, N.W.F.F.,
+1885.
+
+North-West Mounted Police: J. W. Scott.
+
+Ridley College Cadets and Bugle Band.
+
+'66 Veterans' Association: P. E. Noverre, President; Captain John A.
+Macdonald, '70; Colonel Belcher; Major J. Beck, 33rd Huron Regt.;
+Captain Geo. Musson, John Robinson, Walter R. Nursey; Captain John Ford
+(Chicago Volunteers), Past-President; Andrew K. Lauder, Captain F. H.
+McCallum, A. E. Wheeler.
+
+Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association, St. Catharines:
+Jamieson Black, President; C. Chapman, Past-President; Robt. J. Black,
+Vice-President; W. H. Drysdale, Treasurer; J. Albert Mills, Secretary;
+George Wilson.
+
+His Majesty's Army and Navy Veterans' Association: Mr. C. H. Robertson.
+
+Canadian Militia Veterans: Captain W. Fahey, President.
+
+Canadian Baden-Powell Boy Scouts: Ed. Nix, J. Gordon Rosser, Toronto.
+
+United Empire Loyalist Association of Canada: Major W. Napier Keefer,
+Past-President; Mr. R. E. A. Land, Vice-President; Rev. Canon Alex. W.
+Macnab, Honorary Chaplain, and Mrs. Macnab; Mr. E. M. Chadwick, K.C.,
+Honorary Genealogist; Mr. A. R. Davis, Honorary Treasurer; Mrs. Edwards
+Merrill, Miss Emily Merritt, Miss Catharine Merritt, Miss Laura Clarke,
+Captain G. S. Ryerson, Miss Laura Ryerson, Miss Flora Powel, Miss J. J.
+MacCallum (descendant of Laura Secord), Miss Henrietta Loft, Miss Affa
+Loft, Major J. G. Beam (retired, 44th Batt.), Captain M. S. Boehm (30th
+Regt.), Mrs. Birdsall (descendant of Laura Secord), Niagara Falls.
+
+[Illustration: CENTRAL SECTION OF A PANORAMIC PICTURE OF THE GATHERING
+AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.]
+
+Council of the Six Nations Indians, Oshwegan, Brant County (United
+Empire Loyalists): Mr. Gordon J. Smith (Honorary Chief, De-ha-ka-res,
+Bear Clan, Mohawk Tribe), Superintendent, Brantford; Chief Josiah Hill
+(Sa-ko-ka-ryes, Wolf Clan), Secretary; Chief William Smith,
+Interpreter; Chief J. C. Martin, Speaker; Chief J. S. Johnson
+(Ka-nen-kwe-yah), Deputy Speaker; Chief J. W. M. Elliott (Mohawk); Chief
+A. G. Smith (De-ka-nen-ra-neh, Bear Clan, Mohawk); Chief Elias Lewis
+(De-ka-ri-ho-gen, Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief Abraham Lewis
+(Ah-yon-wah-ehs, Turtle Clan, Mohawk); Chief John A. Gibson (Seneca);
+Chief Peter Isaac (Mudturtle Clan, Seneca); Chief Alexander Hill
+(Ot-go-taw-yen-toun, Deer Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief Lawrence
+Jonathan (Sha-ko-ken-he, Eel Clan, Onondaga), Fire Keeper; Chief David
+Jamieson (Cayuga); Chief Jacob Isaac (Hon-wa-sha-de-hon, Oneida); Chief
+Joseph Powless (Ha-dva-dho-nen-ta, Wolf Clan, Oneida); Chief Richard
+Hill (Ra-rih-whi-tyen-tah, Wolf Clan, Tuscarora); Chief Elias Carrier
+(Tuscarora); Warrior Frederick O. Loft and Mr. Allen W. Johnson,
+Toronto, Delegates to Brock Centenary Committee; Chief Isaiah Sickles
+(Da-Da-hon-den-wen, Bear Clan, Oneida); Warrior George Aaron; Daniel
+McNughton (Ha-don-da-he-ha); Dennis Palmerston (Tuscarora, American
+Indian).
+
+Canadian Club, Toronto: Mr. James M. Sinclair, Mr. W. J. Clarke, G.
+Frank Beer, P. H. Jennings, J. R. Collins.
+
+Empire Club, Toronto: Mr. Fred B. Fetherstonhaugh, K.C., President; Mr.
+Richard A. Stapells, First Vice-President.
+
+British Empire League, Toronto Branch: James P. Murray.
+
+Sons of Scotland, Toronto: Dr. John Ferguson, Mr. Evan Hugh Fraser,
+representing Camp Alexander Fraser, S.O.S., Toronto.
+
+St. Andrew's Society, Toronto: Captain Herbert M. Mowat, K.C., U.E.L.,
+Vice-President; Mr. James Murray, Manager; Mr. T. C. Irving, Manager;
+Mr. J. P. Martin, Robert Farquharson.
+
+St. George's Society, Toronto: Mr. John W. Gamble Boyd.
+
+Centre and South Toronto Liberal Conservative Association: Mr. Arthur
+VanKoughnet; Women's Branch, Mrs. Arthur VanKoughnet.
+
+York Pioneers' Historical Society, Toronto: Daniel Lamb, President; John
+W. Millar, Secretary; John Harvie, J. G. Hughes, Wm. Crocker, J. C.
+Moor, J. Hawley, E. Gegg, Josiah Rogers, John F. Ellis, A. E. Wheeler,
+W. D. McIntosh, W. J. Adams.
+
+Knights of Malta and the Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto:
+Mr. R. E. A. Land, Mr. A. G. Horwood, Mrs. A. G. Horwood.
+
+British Women's Society: Miss Perkins.
+
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Toronto: Mrs. A. E. Gooderham,
+Mrs. John Bruce, Mrs. E. F. B. Johnstone, Miss Constance Boulton, Mrs.
+E. Humphreys, Mrs. Wm. Humphreys, Mrs. E. A. James, Miss Laura Brodigan,
+Miss Watson, Miss Maud Watson.
+
+Women's Canadian Historical Society, Toronto: Miss M. Agnes FitzGibbon,
+Miss Mickle, Mrs. Kearn, Mrs. Campbell Meyers, Miss Clara Port, Miss J.
+J. MacCallum.
+
+Brant Historical Society, Brantford: His Honour Judge Hardy, Honorary
+President; Mr. S. F. Passmore, President; Miss Isabella Gilkison, Mr. T.
+W. Standing, Vice-Presidents; Mrs. J. Y. Brown, Secretary; Major H. F.
+Leonard, Curator; Mr. J. J. Hawkins.
+
+Lundy's Lane Historical Association, Niagara Falls: Mr. J. Jackson,
+Secretary.
+
+Thorold and Beaver Dams Historical Society: T. H. Thompson, President;
+Miss Amy Ball.
+
+Niagara Historical Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake: Miss Janet Carnochan,
+President; Rev. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. J. C. Garrett, Mrs. Ascher, Mrs. T.
+F. Best, Miss M. Ball, Mrs. Bottomley, Miss Creed. J. Eckersley, H.
+Macklem, Mrs. Macklem, Wm. Ryan, J. deW. Randall, Mrs. Randall, E. H.
+Shepherd, Mrs. Shepherd, Miss C. Waters, F. Winthrop, Mrs. Winthrop,
+Niagara; R. Field, Miss E. L. Lowery, Mrs. H. Usher, Queenston; Miss Amy
+Ball, Thorold; Miss S. Crysler, Niagara Falls; J. C. Ball, C. A. Case,
+St. Catharines; J. S. Carstairs, A. J. Clark, Miss E. Long, Mrs. Charles
+Lewis Shaw, Miss Annie Clark, Mr. G. J. Clark, Toronto.
+
+[Illustration: FLORAL TRIBUTE PLACED ON CENOTAPH, WHERE BROCK FELL,
+BY THE GUERNSEY SOCIETY, TORONTO.]
+
+[Illustration:
+
+G. J. Birney.  Sgt. John I. Matthews. Q.O.R.
+Dr. Chas. F. Durand.  J. L. Birney.  Sgt.-Major Geo. Creighton, Q.O.R.
+
+BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.]
+
+Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton: Mrs. John Calder, Miss
+Calder.
+
+Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mr. C. E. Kelly, President; G. D. Cadeaur,
+Secretary; Mr. Harry D. Petrie.
+
+Women's Canadian Club, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry D. Petrie.
+
+Women's Institute, Queenston: Mrs. A. A. Ramsay.
+
+Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire, Hamilton: Mrs. Harry D. Petrie,
+Miss B. Gaviller.
+
+St. George's Society, London: Mr. N. F. Willmot.
+
+St. George's Society, Guelph: Mr. H. J. B. Leadlay.
+
+Canadian Business Women's Club, Toronto: Miss H. Williamson, Miss
+Winnifred Macdonald, Miss Effie Telfer, Mrs. Anna Fox.
+
+Others present were: Mrs. (Col.) William Hendrie, Hamilton; D. Macgregor
+Whyte, artist, Oban, Scotland; Lieutenant-Colonel Fred W. Macqueen,
+Toronto; Wm. Rea, Mrs. Rea, _nee_ Jane Thomas, daughter of Mr. James
+Thomas, who was one of the contractors for the erection of Brock's
+Monument, and resided at Queenston during the entire time the Monument
+was being erected; Rev. S. A. Laidlaw, Ridgeway; Mr. W. H. Banfield, Mr.
+Benj. P. McKay, Mr. H. E. Wilmot, Mr. Samuel O'Bryen, Miss F. May
+Simpson, Miss Marjorie FitzGibbon, Miss Perkins, Miss Lulu Crowther,
+Mr. William Moss, Miss J. E. Douglas, Mr. H. B. Adams, Miss D. F. Waite,
+Miss Helen J. Sturrock, Mr. James Young, Mr. John Hawley, Mrs. Rees,
+Miss Amelia Rees, Gonnie Rees, A.T.C.M., Toronto; Mr. Fred Landon, Press
+Gallery, Ottawa; Mayor J. deW. Randall, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Mrs. A.
+Servos, Miss Mary Servos, St. Catharines; Mrs. Redhead, Miss Oliver,
+Niagara; Wm. Milliken, Toronto, and Dr. Campbell Meyers, Toronto.
+
+The stirring interest taken by the public in the celebration was in no
+way made more apparent than by the large number of costly and beautiful
+floral offerings sent to decorate the monument. Immediately on
+assembling on the Heights, these expressive tributes were formally
+received, one by one, by Colonel Ryerson. The names of the givers were
+announced by Mr. Chas. E. Macdonald, who also read out the patriotic
+mottoes and inscriptions. The wreaths were then carefully placed on the
+monument, and so numerous were they that they almost covered its huge
+base. The luxuriant ivy growing on the lower masonry was richly tinted
+with autumnal bronze, and on the natural background thus unexpectedly
+provided, the delighted celebrators worked out an effective colour
+scheme. It has not been possible to obtain a complete list of those who
+brought wreaths with them, but the following were noted:
+
+A magnificent Cross of St. George, made of oak leaves, from the Guernsey
+Society of Guernsey Island, Brock's birthplace, was placed on the
+cenotaph which marks the place where Brock fell, by Mr. J. L. Burney,
+whose father was a lieutenant under Brock and was by his side when the
+General was fatally stricken.
+
+J. A. Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., Toronto,
+and Angus Claude Macdonell, K.C., M.P., Toronto, as representatives of
+the family of Colonel the Honourable John Macdonell, General Brock's
+aide-de-camp and military secretary, placed on the monument two handsome
+wreaths of laurel leaves, decorated with white and pink heather and
+heavily trimmed with purple, one to the memory of Brock, and one, with
+the motto "From Kith and Kin," to the memory of their kinsman, Colonel
+Macdonell.
+
+[Illustration: MEMORIAL WREATHS ON THE TOMBS, AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, OF
+MAJOR-GENERAL SIR ISAAC BROCK. Kt., AND COLONEL JOHN MACDONELL,
+P.A.D.C., ATTORNEY-GENERAL OF UPPER CANADA.
+
+Placed there by Mr. John Macdonell, K.C., Glengarry, Mr. Angus Claude
+Macdonell. K.C., M.P., Toronto, and Mr. A. McLean Macdonell. K.C.,
+Toronto (with the motto, "From kith and kin." on that of the latter).]
+
+Colonel George T. Denison placed a wreath from the British Empire League
+(England), he being the President of the Canadian branch.
+
+Mr. J. Murray McCheyne Clark, K.C., LL.B., Toronto, sent a wreath on
+behalf of the Toronto branch of the British Empire League, of which he
+is the President.
+
+Wreaths were sent by the Canadian Club, Toronto; the Canadian Club,
+Hamilton; the Caroline School pupils, Hamilton; Centre and South Toronto
+Conservative Club, Ladies' Branch; Governor-General's Body Guard,
+Toronto; 91st Regiment Canadian Highlanders, Hamilton; Imperial Order
+Daughters of the Empire, Toronto; Imperial Order Daughters of the
+Empire, Hamilton; Chapter General of Canada Knights of Malta and the
+Grand Chapter of Ladies of Justice, Toronto.
+
+Mrs. Fessenden, as founder of Empire Day, sent a sheaf of crimson
+carnations tied with the national colours. To this was attached, with a
+League of the Empire brooch, a card bearing this inscription from
+Palgrave:
+
+   "If the day of a nation's weakness rise,
+      Of the little counsels that dare not dare,
+    Of a land that no more on herself relies,--
+      O breathe of the great ones that were,
+      Burn out this taint in the air!
+    The old heart of England restore,
+    Till the blood of heroes awake and cry on her bosom once more."
+
+Lundy's Lane Historical Society, Niagara Falls, Ont.; 9th Mississauga
+Horse; Niagara District Veteran Volunteers' Association, St.
+Catharines--Mr. Jamieson Black, as President, placed a wreath on the
+grave as a tribute from St. Catharines. For many years this Association
+has placed a wreath at the foot of the tomb of Brock at their annual
+outing at Queenston Heights.
+
+Niagara Falls City, Ontario, Mayor and Aldermen; Niagara Historical
+Society, Niagara-on-the-Lake; Niagara Public Schools; Ontario Historical
+Society; St. Andrew's Society, Toronto; St. George's Society, Toronto;
+St. George's Society, Hamilton; Sons of Scotland Benevolent Association;
+Sons of Scotland, Camp "Alexander Fraser"; Six Nations Indians
+(Oshwegan), Brantford; United Empire Loyalists' Association of Canada,
+Toronto; Upper Canada Old Boys' Association, Toronto; Welland County
+Teachers' Association; Women's Canadian Historical Society,
+Toronto--Wreath of scarlet gladioli and carnations tied with scarlet and
+green, the colors of the Society, the motto in gold on a green band:
+"Deeds Speak"; Women's Wentworth Historical Society, Hamilton.
+
+Miss Ball, granddaughter of Captain John Clement Ball, carried a
+lithograph of the battle scene (Queenston Heights) made in 1813 from a
+sketch by Major Dennis as he lay wounded on the field, October 13th,
+1812.
+
+In addition to the wreath placed on the monument the United Empire
+Loyalists hung a wreath on the portrait of General Brock in the
+Parliament Buildings, Toronto.
+
+The scene presented was unique, and in many respects a remarkable one.
+Not the least striking feature was the character of the gathering.
+Descendants of soldiers who fought with Brock were there, some of them
+carrying the burden of years, some barely out of childhood's leash.
+Others, and scarcely less interested in the proceedings, represented
+loyal and patriotic societies, widely spread over the Province. The
+Indian contingent from the Six Nations occupied a conspicuous place of
+honour most worthily, their presence recalling the signal service
+rendered by their brave forefathers at Queenston Heights and in the
+campaign generally. The military detachments added colour to the
+animated scene. The men of the Royal Canadian Regiment, of the
+Governor-General's Body Guard, of the Forty-eighth Highlanders, the
+Queen's Own, the Royal Grenadiers, the Mississauga Horse, the Ridley
+College Cadets, and of other corps, were drawn up on the outside of the
+crowd, and beyond them, on the escarpment, the St. Catharines' Battery,
+Field Artillery, was stationed. Over all floated the Union Jack.
+
+[Illustration: WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT IN ST. PAUL'S
+CATHEDRAL, LONDON, ENG. BY THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA.]
+
+[Illustration: WREATH PLACED ON BROCK'S MONUMENT, QUEENSTON HEIGHTS, BY
+THE IMPERIAL ORDER OF THE DAUGHTERS OF THE EMPIRE.]
+
+[Illustration: BROCK CENTENARY CELEBRATION AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS
+
+Conferring tribal membership on Miss Helen M. Merrill, who on adoption
+into the Oneida Nation received the name "Kah-ya-tonhs" (One who keeps
+records).]
+
+An incident of the gathering in which much interest was shown was the
+unfurling of an old, historic Union Jack from the top of Brock's
+Monument by Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary of the Committee. When the
+first monument erected to Brock at Queenston was destroyed (17th April,
+1840) a great indignation meeting was held on the Heights. Among those
+present was a British sailor from one of the ships that conveyed the
+Toronto people to the meeting. He had brought with him a Union Jack, and
+climbing to the top of the broken shaft, waved it aloft, amid the cheers
+of the assembled patriots. The flag was preserved, and Mr. Comer,
+Kingston, Ont., readily loaned it for this special occasion.
+Accompanying Miss Merrill to the top of the monument with the flag were
+Misses Marjorie FitzGibbon and Laura Brodigan and Mr. Allen W. Johnson
+(Six Nations).
+
+Several relics of the War of 1812-14 were shown by their possessors, who
+held them sacred, among them a Union Jack, carried by Chief Paudash
+(Johnson) of the Mississauga Indians, from the Ontario Archives
+Department; early sketches of the Queenston battlefield, and pictures of
+officers who took part in the war.
+
+At the close of the speeches the Six Nation Indians present formed a
+Council, and, in recognition of her services as Honorary Secretary of
+the Celebration Committee, conferred on Miss Helen M. Merrill the honour
+of tribal membership by the name "Kah-ya-tonhs"--one who keeps records.
+
+The wreaths having been placed, the programme of the day was opened by
+the firing of a general salute by the 7th St. Catharines Field Battery
+of the Royal Canadian Artillery. This was followed by the playing of a
+lament for the dead by the pipers of the Forty-eighth Highlanders and
+Pipe-Major Dunbar, piper to Lieut.-Colonel William Hendrie, of Hamilton.
+
+Letters expressing regret for inability to be present were read by
+Colonel Ryerson from the following gentlemen: The Right Honourable R. L.
+Borden, M.P., Prime Minister of Canada; His Honour Sir John M. Gibson,
+K.C.M.G., Lieutenant-Governor of Ontario; Colonel the Honourable Samuel
+Hughes, M.P., Minister of Militia, Ottawa; the Honourable Sir James P.
+Whitney, Prime Minister of Ontario; Major-General C. J. Mackenzie, C.B.,
+C.G.S., Ottawa; Major-General W. D. Otter, C.V.O., C.B.; Major-General
+D. A. Macdonald, C.M.G., Ottawa; Brig.-General F. L. Lessard, C.B.;
+Colonel R. W. Rutherford, M.G.O.; Dr. R. A. Falconer, President,
+University of Toronto; Hugh Munro, M.P.P., Glengarry.
+
+[Illustration: SIX NATION INDIANS CELEBRATING BROCK'S CENTENARY AT
+QUEENSTON HEIGHTS.
+
+Abram Lewis (holding silver pipe of peace), Chief Alexander Hill, Chief
+A. G. Smith]
+
+[Illustration: COLONEL GEORGE STERLING RYERSON. CHAIRMAN OF
+COMMITTEE.]
+
+
+
+
+THE SPEECHES
+
+
+The preliminaries over, the gathering was addressed by a number of well
+known gentlemen whose speeches follow:
+
+
+COLONEL G. STERLING RYERSON
+
+Chairman of the General Committee
+
+This meeting to-day is held to commemorate the death of a brave and wise
+man who died in the defence of his country. It is not a pean of victory
+we sing but a requiem. We are not here to glorify war; nor is our object
+to exult over our brave but defeated adversary. Rather is it an occasion
+when Canadians should pause and look back over the past and give praise
+to God that in the days of stress and storm He raised up great, good and
+brave men who were willing and able to fight for their king and country
+in order that they might enjoy civil and religious liberty under the
+British flag, and that they might hand down to their posterity a fair
+and goodly heritage which they had won from the primeval forests by
+their labour and sacrifices. The United Empire Loyalists came to this
+country not as those who desired to better their condition in life, nor
+were they possessed by land hunger, nor by ideas of political and social
+aggrandisement. They came solely because of their devotion to the
+British Crown and Constitution, and because they preferred to live in
+peace and poverty under a monarchical Government rather than in wealth
+and discord under republican institutions. It was to these men that
+Brock appealed, nor did he appeal in vain when war was declared. It was
+on July 27th, 1812, that in reply to an address from the Assembly of
+Upper Canada he said:
+
+     "Gentlemen: When invaded by an enemy whose avowed object is the
+     entire conquest of the Province, the voice of loyalty as well as of
+     interest calls aloud to every person in the sphere in which he is
+     placed, to defend his country. Our militia have heard the voice and
+     have obeyed it. They have evinced by the promptitude and loyalty of
+     their conduct that they are worthy of the king whom they serve, and
+     of the constitution which they enjoy; and it affords me particular
+     satisfaction, that while I address you as legislators, I speak to
+     men who, in the day of danger, will be ready to assist not only
+     with their counsel, but with arms."
+
+     He concluded as follows: "We are engaged in an awful and eventful
+     contest. By unanimity and despatch in our councils, and by vigour
+     in our operations, we may teach the enemy this lesson, that a
+     country defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to the cause
+     of their king and constitution, can never be conquered."
+
+We know the response, and others who will follow me will speak of it in
+greater detail. With the Canadian poet we can say and sing:
+
+   "We boast not of the victory,
+    But render homage, deep and just,
+    To his and their immortal dust,
+    Who proved so worthy of their trust--
+    No lofty pile nor sculptured bust
+      Can herald their degree.
+
+   "No tongue need blazon forth their fame--
+    The cheers that stir the sacred hill
+    Are but the promptings of the will
+    That conquered then, that conquers still;
+    And generations yet shall thrill
+      At Brock's remembered name."
+
+Nor must it be supposed that the United Empire Loyalists and their
+children were the only men who responded to Brock's call to arms. Our
+gallant French-Canadian compatriots were not a whit behind in their
+hearty response. Coming from a brave and adventurous race, they
+performed deeds of valour and endurance equal to the best in the defence
+of our country. The hardy Highlanders of Glengarry, too, were rallied to
+the flag by the Macdonells. Not the least active among these Scottish
+Roman Catholic Loyalists was the Rev. Alexander Macdonell, a priest who
+afterwards became the "Good Bishop," a brave and loyal man whose
+country's welfare was ever near to his heart. Another Macdonell, George,
+was second in command of the Glengarry Regiment, and still another,
+Colonel John Macdonell, was aide-de-camp to Brock in addition to being
+Attorney-General of the Province. He, alas, lost his life in his gallant
+efforts to second his chief at this battle which we commemorate to-day.
+Scotsmen are ever brave and loyal, and we have in the Scottish
+population of the country an element on whom we can rely in time of
+danger.
+
+Let us not forget that we owe not a little to our Indian allies in the
+War of 1812. Tecumseh and Brant played great parts. Nor was Brock
+niggardly in his praise. After the fall of Detroit he says in his
+despatch to the Governor-General:
+
+     "The conduct of the Indians, under Colonel Elliot, Captain McKee
+     and other officers of the department, joined to that of the gallant
+     and brave of their respective tribes, has since the commencement of
+     the war been marked with acts of true heroism, and in nothing can
+     they testify more strongly their love for their King, their great
+     Father, than in following the dictates of honour and humanity by
+     which they have hitherto been actuated."
+
+Why do we single out Brock as a hero among so many who have rendered
+good service to the country? I think that it is because he was a man of
+loyalty, vigour, energy and administrative ability; because he was the
+embodiment of the patriotism and loyalty of the people; because he had
+within him the power to inspire others with the spirit of patriotism and
+self-sacrifice; and above and beyond all, it is due to his efforts, and
+to the spirit of resistance and Imperialism to which he gave form and
+substance, that Canada to-day is an integral part of the British Empire,
+and a daughter nation within that great galaxy of the nations known as
+the British Empire.
+
+What does it mean to be a British citizen? What benefits accrue to us by
+having this status? Are not the paths of the sea open to us and to our
+commerce by the grace of the British navy? Can we not go to all parts of
+the world as individuals, knowing that the Union Jack protects us? Is it
+a small privilege to share in the brave deeds of the British army? Are
+we not proud of our common literature, and are not Shakespeare and
+Milton and Tennyson our very own? Not borrowed plumes we are wearing,
+but our own. And are not the benefits of British civil, religious and
+political liberty ours also? Is not British justice and administration
+of the law something to be proud of and to be thankful for? What should
+we do to maintain our status as a partner, a full partner, in the
+Imperial concern? Is it not our bounden duty to contribute directly to
+the support of the British navy? Are we to lag behind the other
+self-governing nations of the Empire in this essential duty? A thousand
+times No! A Government which will subscribe twenty-five millions of
+dollars for this purpose, and at once, can go to the polls in perfect
+confidence when their time comes to ask the people for their verdict.
+
+Some good people seem to think that the time of universal peace is at
+hand. One has only to look at the state of affairs in Europe on this
+very day, to perceive how far we are removed from the millennium. In
+time of peace we must prepare for war; preparation for war is the best
+insurance policy against it. We wish to live at peace with all nations,
+but at all costs and at all hazards we must defend our shores. Universal
+military service is the duty of the Canadian people in the near future.
+The people will be better for it morally and physically. It will surely
+come, for the policy of the future is the maintenance of the integrity
+of the British Empire. We love our country, we believe it has a great
+future; we must make it secure. What says a sweet singer of Canada:
+
+   "O strong hearts guarding the birthright of our glory,
+      Worth your best blood this heritage ye guard:
+    Those mighty streams resplendent with story,
+      These iron coasts by rage of seas unjarred--
+    What fields of peace these bulwarks well secure:
+      What vales of plenty these calm floods supply:
+    Shall not our love this rough, sweet land make sure,
+      Her bounds preserve inviolate, though we die:
+        O strong hearts of the North
+        Let flame your loyalty forth,
+    And put the craven and the base to open shame
+    Till earth shall know the Child of Nations by her Name."
+
+
+MR. ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, M.P.
+
+Toronto
+
+We have gathered here to-day as Canadians to commemorate an event which
+will be ever dear to us and our posterity. One hundred years ago Sir
+Isaac Brock, the hero of Upper Canada, died in battle upon this field in
+defence of his country and the flag. In the past we have learned and
+heard altogether too little of this truly great man, and of what he
+accomplished; it is not too much to say that he preserved Canada to the
+Empire and at the same time created a national sentiment in Canada which
+has ever grown and expanded to the present day. The national importance
+of the battle of Queenston Heights, following the capitulation of
+Detroit, cannot be over-estimated; national sentiment or a feeling of
+nationhood was even then manifesting itself in this young colony. The
+peoples who had settled in Canada sprang from races which had always
+stood out strongly for national identity--the English glory in their
+historic past; the Scottish race, to which my forefathers belonged and
+which to some extent I represent, on this occasion, are noted for their
+love of country; and so with the other races which made up the United
+Empire Loyalist settlers of Upper Canada at the time of the War of
+1812-14. Our national heart was created and stirred in this century-old
+war, and the heartbeats have ever become stronger down to this day, and
+we now look back through the mists of one hundred years to Sir Isaac
+Brock as the first true source of national sentiment which fertilized
+our country, and stamped it as British and Canadian forever.
+
+Our object in coming here to-day, after we have enjoyed one hundred
+years of blessed peace with our neighbours to the south, is not to
+perpetuate national hostility, or even to cherish a mere military
+spirit; we hope and pray and fully believe that this peace will ever
+exist between us and our American brothers. Our object in coming here
+to-day is to honour the name and memory of one who was chiefly
+instrumental in bringing about that blessed peace, and in preserving our
+country to enjoy it; and in the name of peace we say that the ground
+upon which we stand to-day is consecrated and distinguished by the
+valour of our soldier hero, who gave up his life on this spot in the
+first great battle of the War of 1812 to purchase that peace which a
+grateful country has ever since enjoyed.
+
+[Illustration: ANGUS CLAUDE MACDONELL, ESQ., K.C., M.P., ADDRESSING THE
+GATHERING.]
+
+This monument under which we stand is a fit emblem of everlasting peace
+and at the same time it fittingly commemorates the glorious death of the
+man in memory of whom it was raised. We Canadians should ever be
+grateful to Divine Providence for having favoured us with such an able
+civil and military chief, because Brock was both the chief executive in
+our civil affairs and Commander-in-Chief of the forces. As Administrator
+of the Province of Upper Canada he was able and prudent; as
+Commander-in-Chief he was experienced and fearless. It remained,
+however, for the great chief Tecumseh to read the true character of the
+man as man. When they first met, Tecumseh turned to his fellow chiefs
+and allies, and, pointing to Brock, who stood by him, said, "This is a
+man!" The correctness of this opinion was borne out in both the life and
+death of Brock.
+
+Our hero was ever dutiful. He always performed his duty and saw that
+others did likewise. The performance of duty was ever uppermost in his
+mind, and his ideals were always high, his aspirations noble. Permit me
+to quote here one of his first General Orders issued to the troops
+immediately upon his taking the field on the 4th of July, 1812:
+
+     "The Major-General calls the serious attention of every militiaman
+     to the efforts making by the enemy to destroy and lay waste this
+     flourishing country; they must be sensible of the great stake they
+     have to contend for and will, by their conduct, convince the enemy
+     that they are not desirous of bowing their necks to a foreign yoke.
+     The Major-General is determined to devote his best energies to the
+     defence of the country, and has no doubt that, supported by the
+     zeal, activity and determination of the loyal inhabitants of this
+     Province, he will successfully repel every hostile attack, and
+     preserve to them inviolate all that they hold dear."
+
+The result of the war proves how well Brock himself lived up to these
+sentiments.
+
+Let us always remember that the War of 1812 was not of our making. On
+the 18th of June, 1812, President Madison declared war against Great
+Britain, with Canada as the point of attack. The "Right of Search," the
+power to search for contraband or for deserters on board of American
+ships, was claimed by Britain, but was resisted by the United States.
+Strange to say, this claim was abandoned by Great Britain the very day
+before war was declared by President Madison, yet the war was declared
+and went on. It will be readily seen that Canada had absolutely nothing
+to do with this war or its alleged cause, the "Right of Search"; and
+yet, in making this war on Canada, the United States placed itself on
+record as approving a forcible invasion of a neighbouring peaceful
+country and of involving it in all the horrors of war. At that time the
+United States had eight million people, Upper Canada had barely eighty
+thousand. At the very outset the Americans placed upon a war footing one
+hundred and seventy-five thousand men, whereas there were less than ten
+thousand men of all kinds capable of bearing arms in Upper Canada. These
+figures give us an idea of the very great disparity both in numbers and
+fighting strength between the two peoples so far as we in Upper Canada
+were concerned. During the two and a half years of the war there were no
+less than twelve separate and distinct invasions of Canada, and
+fifty-six military and naval engagements, the great majority of which
+were won by our forces. While Brock lived his genius and spirit guided
+and inspired the defence of the country, and after his death his noble
+example and the preparations he had made for war during his life
+encouraged and enabled the people to repel the invader.
+
+Under the guise of strict discipline and the grim visage of a soldier
+and fighting man, Isaac Brock possessed a warm human heart; he was ever
+solicitous for the comfort and well-being of his people and especially
+of his militia soldiers, and on every occasion consistent with the
+safety of the Province he relaxed the rigours of war and would permit
+the militia to return to their homes and farms. This is evidenced by
+many of his Militia General Orders. An extract from Militia General
+Orders of 26th of August, 1812, immediately after the capture of
+Detroit, reads as follows:
+
+     "Major-General Brock has ever felt anxious to study the comforts
+     and conveniences of the militia, but the conduct of the detachments
+     which lately accompanied him to Detroit has if possible increased
+     his anxiety on this subject. The present cessation of hostilities
+     enables him to dispense with the services of a large proportion of
+     them for a short period."
+
+We very naturally ask ourselves who these troops were for whose welfare
+General Brock was always so solicitous. There were of course some
+British regular troops in Canada, noticeably the Forty-ninth, Brock's
+own regiment, but during the earlier stages of the war, and while Brock
+lived, the men of the Province, militia and yeomanry, had to be relied
+upon mainly; these chiefly were the men of the York, Glengarry, Norfolk
+and other militia regiments; every loyal man capable of bearing arms in
+the Province turned out to fight, or to help those who fought. The York
+and Glengarry militia served with great distinction, and I may perhaps
+be permitted to refer to the fact that forty-three gentlemen of my own
+name and family connection held commissions in the various regiments in
+that war. In connection with this I might further mention a somewhat
+curious incident. My own grandfather, Colonel Alexander Macdonell, was
+taken prisoner by the Americans at the Battle of Niagara, and was
+confined as a prisoner at Lancaster, Pennsylvania, in the very same
+prison in which his own father, Captain Allan Macdonell, had been
+confined by the Revolutionary States as a prisoner of war during the
+Revolutionary War, 1776-83.
+
+Now, happily, all is peace; we have enjoyed one hundred years of peace
+and we thank Divine Providence for it. We have had preserved to us by
+Brock and those who fought and fell with him a rich kingdom; we possess
+it in peace and happiness and great prosperity. This is an age of peace,
+and in this age and generation it is fit that we should advance all the
+works and arts of peace; a very great trust in this respect has been
+handed down to us and confided to our safe keeping. In these days of our
+prosperity we must protect and defend and develop this great country,
+this rich heritage which the heroism of our forefathers has preserved to
+us. We must not only conserve it, but we must better it and develop it,
+and make useful to man all these possessions which have been given us.
+Our ideals and ambitions must always be high, and if we find ourselves
+faltering let us look upon this splendid monument and think of the hero
+in honour of whom it was raised; and let us at all times remember that
+now as in 1812 in unity we possess our strength; we must become one
+people if we are to be a great people, with one great common country. We
+have many Provinces but only one Canada.
+
+It has been well said by one of Brock's biographers that "it remains for
+the youth of Canada to profoundly cherish the memory of Isaac Brock and
+to never lose an opportunity to follow the example set for them by his
+splendid deeds." It has also been truly said that "he fell ere he saw
+the star of his country rise," and, although the sky over this
+battlefield upon which his eyes closed forever one hundred years ago was
+cloudy and overcast, yet because he lived and died those who came after
+him enjoy the cloudless sunshine of peace and happiness.
+
+Brock's family motto was "He who guards never sleeps." We know how
+faithfully he guarded and safeguarded his country in life, and let us
+pray that in death under this monument he sleeps well.
+
+
+HON. DR. R. A. PYNE
+
+Minister of Education, Ontario
+
+I have a great deal of pleasure in being present here to-day on this
+historic spot, and am deeply sensible of the honour conferred upon me in
+asking me to represent the Government of Ontario on this occasion.
+
+We are meeting here to-day to commemorate the deeds of a great man who
+passed away in his effort to save this part of the world for the British
+Empire. We must remember that at the time of the battle this part of the
+world was a wilderness, and Sir Isaac Brock's wonderful capabilities
+enabled him to consolidate the people of this sparsely settled country,
+not forgetting our dear old friends the Indians. With a handful of
+people, as compared with the country to the south of us, he made a
+gallant defence, and, as I said, retained this part of the world for the
+British Empire. He was not only a great soldier, but a diplomat and a
+statesman, and whatever his vision may have been one hundred years ago,
+everyone will agree with me that it was of such a character that he
+retained one of the best and finest parts of the world for Great
+Britain.
+
+Let me say a word regarding the loyalty, the love of home and patriotism
+that existed at that time on this field of battle, and it might be
+asked, what are we doing to-day to create a sentiment of patriotism and
+loyalty to our country and flag? Let me contrast the efforts made in
+Canada to create a patriotic and national sentiment as compared with the
+country to the south of us. Just here let me tell you a short story
+regarding what occurred to myself in the city of Detroit some years ago,
+before I was a member of the Legislative Assembly or had any thought of
+public life. I have always remembered it with the keenest appreciation
+of the great work in which the people to the south of us are engaged,
+inculcating in the youth of the country a loyal and patriotic sentiment.
+I was in Detroit on a school _fete_ day when the children of each school
+were marshalled together for a march past the Detroit City Hall, where
+they had a large picture of the President surrounded by their national
+flag, the Stars and Stripes. As each school reached the entrance to the
+City Hall the scholars halted, saluted, and gave three cheers. To a
+little urchin on the street near me who was selling papers I said, "Why
+do they stop and cheer?" He replied, "They are cheering for the old flag
+which we call 'Old Glory,' and, sir, let me tell you that is the flag
+that was never licked!" I possibly did not agree with the accuracy of
+his history, but I realized the sentiment that had been created in that
+youngster's mind, a sentiment of loyalty and patriotism no doubt
+inculcated in his mind at school.
+
+You may reasonably ask, "What are we doing to create a sentiment of
+loyalty and patriotism in this country?" and I may say that we have
+succeeded in placing the Union Jack, the flag of civilization, over
+every rural school in the Province of Ontario. I am also reminded of
+what took place the other day in the State of New Jersey, and as you are
+a reading people, this episode would not pass unnoticed by you--it
+appeared in all of the papers of last week. A boy attending a high
+school in the State of New Jersey was asked, as is their custom Monday
+morning, to salute the flag and to announce allegiance to the United
+States. The boy stated that he had no objection to salute the flag, but
+he could not give his allegiance to the United States as he was a
+British subject. Mr. President, I find that the State regulations of New
+Jersey call upon every scholar in their schools to salute the flag on
+each Monday morning and to declare their allegiance to the United
+States. This boy, being a British subject, could not conform to that
+part of the regulations, and was dismissed from the school. What would
+our people think of a regulation of that kind? I leave it for your
+meditation.
+
+I hope and trust this meeting will be an inspiration that will extend
+all over this Dominion of Canada, and that some definite and proper way
+shall be found to commemorate the deeds of our ancestors and those great
+heroes whose efforts we to-day jubilate in this part of Canada,
+realizing the great heritage that has become ours through the agency of
+those great men who have passed away. May Canada always remain a
+part--and by the Almighty's help I believe it will always remain a
+part--of the British Empire.
+
+Mr. President, let me congratulate the Historical Societies, the
+volunteers and cadets here assembled for bringing about this wonderful
+meeting, which I trust will have an influence in making this an annual
+celebration for all time to come.
+
+
+COLONEL GEORGE T. DENISON
+
+Toronto
+
+It is a great satisfaction to me to be here to-day and to know that so
+many patriotic societies and organizations have clubbed together to
+commemorate so splendidly the one hundredth anniversary of the notable
+victory gained upon this field.
+
+The great, virile nations of the world have always commemorated the
+brave deeds and victories of their fathers. The Romans did everything in
+their power to inspire their young men with love of country by relating
+stories of their glorious past. Some of them were evidently legends, but
+they all tended to create and instil a pure national spirit.
+
+For five hundred years after Marathon the Athenians commemorated the
+glorious victory won against overwhelming odds. The Spartans never
+forgot the death of Leonidas and his three hundred brave, unflinching
+followers, who died for the honour of their country at Thermopylae.
+Pausanias the historian was able to read six hundred years after upon a
+column erected to their memory in Sparta, the names of the three hundred
+Spartans who had died with their king in that fight.
+
+In Russia also the same spirit of reverence for their great heroes has
+always shown itself. Dimitry saved Russia by a great victory over the
+Tartars in 1380. Over five hundred years have elapsed, but still the
+name of Dimitry Donskoi lives in the memory and the songs of the Russian
+people, and still on "Dimitry's Saturday," the anniversary of the
+battle, prayers are offered up in memory of the brave men who fell on
+that day in defence of their country.
+
+Switzerland is another example of the patriotism of a free people. They
+won their freedom by three great victories won against overwhelming odds
+at Morgarten, Sempach and Naefels. Naefels was the final victory, and
+every year the people commemorate the great event. In solemn procession
+the people revisit the battlefield and the Landamman tells the fine old
+story of their deliverance from foreign rule. The five hundredth
+anniversary was celebrated in 1888, and people from all parts of
+Switzerland flocked to participate in the patriotic and religious
+services. This national spirit has kept Switzerland free although
+surrounded by great powers. Her children are all trained as soldiers in
+their public schools, and compulsory training of all their youth is
+rigidly enforced. We could learn a lesson from them in this.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+Hon. R. A. Pyne, M.D., M.P.P., Minister of
+Education, Toronto.
+
+James L. Hughes, LL.D., Chief Inspector of
+Schools, Toronto.
+
+Colonel George T. Denison,
+Toronto.
+
+SPEAKERS OF THE DAY]
+
+Canada has shown the same virile spirit as other great nations, and we
+may take pride in the way in which our people have recognized what they
+owe to General Brock and the men who fought with him on this field one
+hundred years ago. This spot has seen several inspiring demonstrations.
+
+Brock and Macdonell had been buried in Fort George in 1812. In 1824
+their remains were removed and buried again under the first monument
+here. In 1824 there were no railways, practically no steamers, and the
+population of the Province was very small, and yet in the funeral
+cortege there were 560 men on horseback, 285 carriages and wagons, and
+thousands of persons on foot, in all estimated at about ten thousand
+people, who followed the remains the seven miles from Niagara to this
+place. That was a remarkable tribute to the memory of the great general.
+
+In 1840 the monument was blown up on Good Friday by an Irish rebel or
+Fenian named Benjamin Lett. This aroused intense indignation throughout
+the Province, and a great demonstration was organized to arrange for
+building a new monument on a grander scale. The meeting was held in
+July, 1840, and a great number of the foremost men in public life
+attended. Ten steamers, all crowded with people, moved up the river in
+procession. About eight thousand persons were present. A new monument
+was decided upon and it is here above us now. It is a wonderful monument
+to have been erected by a small community when there was very little
+wealth in the country. This monument is as a column the finest and
+grandest I have seen. I put it far above the column to Alexander I. in
+front of the Winter Palace in St. Petersburg. It is about forty feet
+higher than the one to Nelson in Trafalgar Square. The National German
+Monument in the Neiderwald does not strike me as being so impressive.
+
+In 1859, on the anniversary of the battle, there was another great
+gathering here for the inauguration of the monument. I was here with a
+detachment of my corps and there were a great many other detachments and
+people, and about two hundred of the old veterans of the war who came
+again to do honour to their dead chief. In the following year the late
+King was visiting Canada, and naturally he came here to do honour to the
+memory of the great general and to meet the surviving veterans of the
+war. There was another great demonstration and I was there on that
+occasion also. Could anything show more clearly the deep hold that
+General Brock had on the affection and memory of the Canadian people
+than these repeated gatherings? And now, after another fifty-two years,
+there is this splendid demonstration of respect and gratitude. I am
+proud that our people have done their duty to-day, and I hope that our
+action will inspire our children a hundred years hence to commemorate
+the great event. I make no apologies for coming here to glory over the
+victory. Brock died on this field and our fathers fought here that we
+should be a free and independent people, and we have enjoyed that
+position for a hundred years, thanks to their efforts. How can we use
+that freedom better, than in testifying in the heartiest manner our
+gratitude and appreciation for the priceless boon which we owe to those
+who then won it for us!
+
+[Illustration: J. A. MACDONELL, K.C., GLENGARRY, ADDRESSING THE
+GATHERING.
+
+Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. George Sterling Ryerson, Dr. James L. Hughes,
+Col. George T. Denison, Major W. Napier Keefer (next right of speaker),
+Major Gordon J. Smith, Dr. Charles F. Durand.]
+
+
+MR. J. A. MACDONELL, K.C.
+
+Glengarry, Ontario
+
+Permit me to express on behalf of the members of this generation of the
+family to which the former Attorney-General Macdonell belonged, my warm
+appreciation of the honour which was done to that gentleman's memory, by
+the invitation which in terms so generous and complimentary and so
+appreciative of his services, was extended to me as the representative
+of his family, to be present on this most interesting occasion as the
+special guest of your Committee.
+
+We are assembled here to-day to commemorate the Centennial Anniversary
+of the death of Sir Isaac Brock, to give evidence that we Canadians hold
+in grateful remembrance the inestimable services which he rendered to
+our country, and to record it as our firm and solemn conviction that it
+is to that illustrious man of glorious memory we owe the preservation of
+this country, our connection with the Motherland and those British
+institutions which it is our happiness now to enjoy.
+
+It was indeed a privilege for any man to have served under Sir Isaac
+Brock, to have been in any way associated with him, and more especially
+to have been placed in a position whereby he was enabled to second his
+indomitable efforts. It was the good fortune of Attorney-General
+Macdonell to have been associated with him in a threefold capacity.
+First he was connected with him by the most intimate ties of private
+friendship, for there existed between them the most perfect confidence
+and a mutual regard, amounting, as is frequently the case with men of
+generous impulse, to personal affection. Then as Attorney-General of the
+Province and chief law adviser of the Crown, he was the trusted legal
+adviser of General Brock in his capacity of President of the Council of
+the Province, and although but a young man he was equal to the
+exigencies of that critical period.
+
+Upon the declaration of war, the House of Assembly was hastily convened
+in extra session on the 27th July, when General Brock, in the Speech
+from the Throne, made use of those ever-memorable words: "We are engaged
+in an awful and eventful contest. By unanimity and despatch in our
+councils and by vigour in our operations we will teach the enemy this
+lesson: that a country defended by free men, enthusiastically devoted to
+the cause of their King and Constitution, can never be conquered." But
+the House proved recalcitrant, and refused to comply with Brock's
+request to suspend the Habeas Corpus Act. It was the Attorney-General
+who solved the difficulty by giving it as his legal opinion that
+Major-General Brock, as Administrator of the Province, under the
+authority of his Commission from the King, had the power to dissolve the
+House and proclaim martial law, and that under the circumstances it was
+his duty to do so. This opinion was concurred in by his colleagues in
+the Government, and, accordingly, the Government as such tendered it as
+their unanimous advice to the Administrator, who immediately acted upon
+it, and thereby saved the country.
+
+As a consequence of this drastic measure, the three leaders of the
+Opposition in the Legislature--Joseph Willcocks, Benjamin Mallory and
+Abraham Markle--who had been chiefly instrumental up to this time in
+thwarting all Brock's efforts, immediately fled to the United States,
+with which they had long been in traitorous intercourse, and where all
+their sympathies lay, Willcocks being eventually killed at the battle
+of Fort Erie, in 1814, in command of an American regiment, and Mallory
+serving throughout the war as a major in the same corps.
+
+This measure enabled Brock also to deal summarily with their disloyal
+partisans and followers, much more numerous and infinitely more
+dangerous than is now generally supposed. He immediately issued a
+proclamation ordering all persons suspected of conniving with the enemy
+to be apprehended, and treated according to law. Those who had not taken
+the oath of allegiance were ordered to do so or leave the Province; many
+were sent out of the country; large numbers left of their own accord;
+those who refused to take the oath or to take up arms to defend the
+country, and remained in the Province after a given date, were declared
+to be enemies and spies, and were treated accordingly; a large number of
+this disloyal element were arrested and imprisoned early in the war, as
+on the day of the Battle of Queenston Heights the jail and Court House
+at Niagara as well as the blockhouse at Fort George were filled with
+political prisoners, over three hundred aliens and traitors being in
+custody, some of whom were tried and sentenced to death, while others
+were sent to Quebec for imprisonment.
+
+This pressing and important business having been accomplished, General
+Brock entered actively upon his campaign, and determined upon offensive
+measures by an assault upon Detroit. Colonel Macdonell accompanied him
+as his military secretary and aide-de-camp. When the American, General
+Hull, in command of a greatly superior force and in possession of a
+strongly fortified position, on the 16th August proposed a cessation of
+hostilities with a view to his surrender, it was Colonel Macdonell whom
+General Brock entrusted with the delicate and important task of
+preparing the terms of capitulation. He returned within an hour with
+the conditions, which were immediately confirmed by General Brock,
+whereby Fort Detroit with 59,700 square miles of American territory--the
+whole State of Michigan--was surrendered. 2,500 officers and men became
+prisoners of war, and 2,500 stand of arms, thirty-three pieces of
+cannon, the _Adams_ brig-of-war, and stores and munitions of war to the
+value of L40,000, all so sorely needed by the Canadian militia, were
+handed over to the British Commander.
+
+General Brock in his despatch to the Home Government announcing the
+capture of Detroit, and which was published in a Gazette Extraordinary
+in London on the 6th October, with characteristic generosity bore
+testimony to the services of his friend in the following terms: "In the
+attainment of this important point gentlemen of the first character and
+influence showed an example highly creditable to them, and I cannot on
+this occasion avoid mentioning the essential assistance I derived from
+John Macdonell, Esquire, His Majesty's Attorney-General, who from the
+beginning of the war has honoured me with his services as my Provincial
+Aide-de-Camp."
+
+Brock's biographer and nephew, Mr. Ferdinand Brock Tupper, graphically
+tells the end of them both, almost upon the spot upon which we now
+stand. After mention of the hasty gallop from Fort George, at dawn on
+the 13th October, when it was found that the Americans had during the
+night passed over the Niagara River and succeeded in gaining the crest
+of the heights in rear of the battery, and Brock's desperate effort to
+dislodge them, he goes on to say: "The Americans now opened a heavy fire
+of musketry, and, conspicuous from his dress, his height, and the
+enthusiasm with which he animated his little band, the British commander
+was soon singled out, and he fell about an hour after his arrival, the
+fatal bullet entering his right breast and passing through his left
+side. He lived only long enough to request that his fall might not be
+noticed, or prevent the advance of his brave troops. The lifeless body
+was immediately conveyed into a house at Queenston, where it remained
+until the afternoon, unperceived of the enemy. His aide-de-camp,
+Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Attorney-General of Upper Canada--a fine,
+promising young man--was mortally wounded soon after his chief, and died
+the next day, at the early age of twenty-seven years. Although one
+bullet had passed through his body, and he was wounded in four places,
+yet he survived twenty hours, and during a period of excruciating agony
+his thoughts and words were constantly occupied in lamentations for his
+deceased commander and friend. He fell while gallantly charging, with
+the hereditary courage of his race, up the hill with 190 men, chiefly of
+the York Volunteers, by which charge the enemy was compelled to spike
+the eighteen-pounders in the battery there; and his memory will be
+cherished as long as courage and devotion are reverenced in the
+Province."
+
+General Sheaffe, who succeeded General Brock upon the death of the
+latter, in his despatch announcing the victory which eventually crowned
+our arms, thus couples their names: ". . . No officer was killed besides
+Major-General Brock, one of the most gallant and zealous officers in His
+Majesty's service, whose loss cannot be too much deplored, and
+Lieutenant-Colonel Macdonell, Provincial Aide-de-Camp, whose gallantry
+and merit rendered him worthy of his chief."
+
+The Prince Regent thus acknowledged the communication through the
+Governor-General, by whom it had been forwarded: "His Royal Highness,
+the Prince Regent, is fully aware of the severe loss which His Majesty's
+service has experienced in the death of Major-General Sir Isaac Brock.
+This would have been sufficient to have clouded a victory of much
+greater importance. His Majesty has lost in him not only an able and
+meritorious officer, but one who, in the exercise of his functions of
+Provisional Lieutenant-Governor of the Province, displayed qualities
+admirably adapted to awe the disloyal, to reconcile the wavering, and to
+animate the great mass of the inhabitants against successive attempts of
+the enemy to invade the Province, in the last of which he unhappily
+fell, too prodigal of that life of which his eminent services had taught
+us to understand the value. His Royal Highness has also been pleased to
+express his regret at the loss which the Province must experience in the
+death of the Attorney-General, Mr. Macdonell, whose zealous co-operation
+with Sir Isaac Brock will reflect lasting honour on his memory." In
+communicating the above to the father of the Attorney-General,
+Lieutenant-Colonel Coffin, P.A.D.C., under date York, March 20th, 1813,
+stated by command of His Honour the President that "it would doubtless
+afford some satisfaction to all the members of the family to which the
+late Attorney-General was so great an ornament to learn that his merit
+has been recognized even by the Royal Personage who wields the sceptre
+of the British Empire, and on which His Honour commands me to declare
+his personal gratification."
+
+No medal was struck for Queenston Heights, but when some time afterwards
+the rewards for the capture of Detroit were distributed, gold medals
+were deposited by the Sovereign with the families of Major-General Brock
+and Colonel Macdonell, and the King stated in each instance that it was
+done "in token of the respect which His Majesty entertains for the
+memory of that officer."
+
+The graciously worded despatch of the Prince Regent mentioned the only
+fault of Sir Isaac Brock. Like Nelson he was too prodigal of his life;
+but as, alike by his services and his glorious death, Nelson became the
+hero and the idol of the British people, so by his services and his
+death Brock became for all time the hero of the people of this
+Province, and his memory will never die. Although he had served ten
+years in Canada, he had held his position as Administrator of Upper
+Canada but a few days over a year; yet that short time was sufficient to
+obtain for his name immortality, so long as the English language can
+narrate what in that brief period he accomplished, and hold forth for
+succeeding generations of British subjects in Canada and throughout the
+Empire the bright example of his genius and his gallantry, and the
+indomitable spirit with which he contended and overcame difficulties,
+apparently insurmountable, and which were sufficient to appal a heart
+even as stout and to tax to the uttermost a mind as versatile and
+resourceful as his.
+
+Under this stately column he found a fitting tomb, and the ardent young
+friend, Glengarry's representative, who fell with him, lies beside him.
+
+
+DR. JAMES L. HUGHES
+
+Chief Inspector of Schools, Toronto
+
+I had the honour of requesting the Hon. Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education,
+to call the attention of the School Boards of Ontario to the importance
+of celebrating the hundredth anniversary of the victory so gallantly won
+on these heights, and of paying due tribute to the brave men and women
+who so nobly and heroically struggled to preserve for us the blessings
+of British liberty, and of unity with our motherland. To these men and
+women of firm faith and strong heart we give gratitude and reverence
+to-day, and especially to the statesman and hero who at the foot of
+these heights died a hundred years ago while leading Canadian volunteers
+to drive back invaders who without just cause had dared to come to
+Canada with the avowed purpose of forcibly taking possession of our
+country.
+
+In the judgment of the committee that arranged for the celebration of
+the glorious deeds of our early history, it is most important that
+Canadian children should be trained to revere the memories of the great
+and true men and women of one hundred years ago, and to rejoice because
+of the victories won by them for freedom and for imperial unity.
+
+There are men who have written to the newspapers objecting to the course
+we adopted. They seem to think it improper to let our children know that
+our country was ever in danger, and that it was saved by the unselfish
+devotion and the brave deeds of our ancestors. However, in spite of
+their protests, based on weak and unpatriotic sentiment, we intend to
+teach young Canadians to remember the patriotism and valour of the
+founders and defenders of Canada, and to train them to become worthy
+successors to the men and women who made such sacrifices for them.
+
+We have no wish to fill the hearts of the pupils in our schools with
+animosity towards the great nation whose fertile fields and happy homes
+we see beyond the great river that separates it from our own fair land.
+We wish to develop in our children a spirit that will lead them to say
+to the people across our borderland not "Hands off Canada," but "Hands
+together to achieve for God and for humanity the highest and broadest
+and truest ideals that have been revealed to the Anglo-Saxon race."
+
+We do not wish to make our children quarrelsome or offensive, but we do
+wish them to be patriotic Canadians, full of loyalty to their flag,
+their Empire, and their King. We wish them to understand what their
+predecessors did in order that they may have faith in themselves and in
+their country; and we intend that they shall learn the achievements of
+the past in order that they may have a true basis for their own manhood
+and womanhood. True reverence for courage and self-sacrifice, fidelity
+to principle, and devotion to home and country in time of need, is a
+fundamental element of strong, true character. The facts of history may
+have little influence in developing character, but the noble deeds of
+our ancestors performed for high purposes are the surest sources for the
+development of the strong and true emotions that make human character
+vital instead of inert. Emotions form the battery power of character,
+and among the emotions that give strength and virility and beauty to
+character, reverence for the dead who wisely struggled and nobly
+achieved, is surely one of the most productive of dignified and
+transforming character.
+
+The history of the past is valuable chiefly for the opportunities it
+gives to be stirred to deep, true enthusiasm for heroism, for honour,
+for patriotism, for love of freedom, for devotion to duty, and for
+sublime self-sacrifice for high ideals. Whatever else we may neglect in
+the training of the young, I trust we shall never fail to fill their
+hearts with profound reverence for the men and women of the past to whom
+they owe so much.
+
+We should teach other lessons from the War of 1812. We should fill each
+child's life with a splendid courage that can never be dismayed, by
+telling how a few determined settlers scattered widely over a new
+country successfully repelled invading armies coming from a country with
+a population twenty-fold larger. We should teach reverence not only for
+manhood but for womanhood by recounting the terrible hardships endured
+willingly by Canadian women generally, as well as by proudly relating
+the noble work done by individual women, of whom Laura Secord was so
+conspicuous an example.
+
+A certain class of thoughtless people call us "flag-wavers" if we strive
+to give our young people a true conception of the value of national
+life, and of their duty to have a true love for their country and for
+their Empire. If a flag-waver means one who is proud of a noble
+ancestry, and determined to prove worthy of the race from which he
+sprung; one who knows that his forefathers gave a wider meaning to
+freedom, and who intends to perpetuate liberty and aid in giving it a
+still broader and higher value; one who is grateful because his Empire
+represents the grandest revelation of unity yet made known to humanity
+and who accepts this revelation as a sacred trust, then I am a
+flag-waver, and I shall make every boy and girl whom I can ever
+influence a flag-waver who loves his flag and waves it because it
+represents freedom, and honour, and justice, and truth, and unity, and a
+glorious history, the most triumphantly progressive that has been
+achieved by any nation in the development of the world.
+
+We do well to celebrate the great deeds of the men and women of a
+hundred years ago, and teach our children to give them reverence, but it
+is far more important for us to consider what the people a hundred years
+hence will think of us than to glorify the triumphs of a hundred years
+ago. The work of the world is not done. Evolution to higher ideals goes
+ever on. Each succeeding generation has greater responsibilities and
+higher duties than the one that preceded it. The greatest lesson we can
+learn from the past is that we should prove true to the opportunities of
+our time; that we should with unselfish motive and undaunted hearts
+accept the responsibilities that come to us as partners in our
+magnificent Empire, and share in the achievement of greater triumphs for
+freedom and justice than have ever been recorded in the past.
+
+Inspired by the records of such men as Brock, at the foot of whose
+monument we stand to-day and look with reminiscent glance over the
+marvellous progress of a hundred glorious years, let us determine that
+we shall do our part to make the coming century more fruitful than the
+past.
+
+[Illustration:
+
+Chief A. G. Smith, Six Nation Indians,
+Grand River Reserve.
+
+Captain Charles R. McCullough,
+Hamilton, Ont.
+
+Warrior F. Onondeyoh Loft, Six Nation
+Indians, Toronto.
+
+SPEAKERS OF THE DAY.]
+
+
+CHIEF A. G. SMITH
+
+Six Nation Indians, Grand River Reserve
+
+If a Mohawk Chief had in his make-up a particle of timidity I fear that
+your cheering would have frightened or disconcerted me.
+
+Now, contrary to the usual preface to speeches on occasions of this
+nature, let me instead say that my pleasure in addressing you this
+afternoon is not altogether unalloyed, as I look back to the remote
+past, when my ancestors could make or unmake nations on this continent;
+their favour was then courted by the different European nations, until
+finally they entered into an alliance or treaty with the military
+authorities of the British nation, and which the Six Nations has ever
+held inviolate.
+
+They, however, in my humble opinion, made a serious mistake in taking
+sides in the War of American Independence, as their treaty obligations
+only required them to assist the British when attacked by a foreign
+power and not in a case of family quarrel, so they could have
+consistently taken a neutral ground. It is not, however, so surprising
+that they took the step they did when we consider the influences that
+were brought to bear on them and the inducements that were held out to
+them. Consider the influence of Tha-yen-da-ne-gea--Brant, their war
+chief--and their own love of war. War with them was as religion. Add to
+these the influence of Sir William Johnson and others.
+
+And there was the very strong inducement that they would be guaranteed a
+perpetual independence and self-government, and also that they would be
+amply indemnified for any and all losses that they might sustain by
+their services. Now we know that these pledges were not adequately
+fulfilled, yet, notwithstanding this fact, the Six Nations remained
+faithful in their adherence to the British Crown.
+
+And now allow me to come down to the eventful times which more
+immediately concern us this afternoon. Let me at the outset briefly but
+most emphatically assert that in those troublous times no followers of
+the illustrious Brock, whose fall and victory we are this afternoon
+commemorating, fought more bravely than the Six Nations; their very
+admiration of that great and brave general was as a spur to their
+bravery.
+
+I think I may truthfully say that had it not been for the bravery of the
+Six Nations the Union Jack would not to-day be waving over these
+historic heights.
+
+The Six Nations have never had an historian of their own to record the
+brave deeds of valour of their warriors, and therefore get but scant
+justice in the historical records of this country; naturally the
+historians magnify the achievements of their own peoples, while I claim
+that more credit should be given my own people.
+
+Let me instance one or two samples of justice doled out to my people in
+various lines. You know that in Ontario manhood suffrage prevails in
+political elections, so that any foreigner after six months' residence
+can have every privilege of a full citizen, although he may have no
+higher interest in the country than as a place in which to earn his
+bread and butter, and whose ancestors have never shed a drop of blood
+for its retention by Britain, and who himself may never fight in its
+defence, but who may go back to fight his own country's battles, perhaps
+even against Britain.
+
+But the original owners of this country, proved to be men on many a
+battlefield, who fought and won Britain's battles, ceased to be men and
+became minors after the battles were won and British predominance
+secured, and therefore are not allowed men's privileges.
+
+I contend that if Canada is to do justice (and I believe it will) to the
+Six Nations, it will have to give them representation on the floor of
+the House of Commons and also respect the treaty concessions made to
+them, instead of gradually curtailing their tribal rights and
+privileges. These blood-bought rights and privileges are just as dear to
+the Six Nations as similar ones are to any other nation.
+
+I fear, Mr. Chairman, that I have already taken up my allotted time, so
+will refrain from giving all the examples of our loyalty I would have
+liked to present to this vast assemblage. Allow me, however, to say that
+as this is an influential gathering, so I hope that each individual of
+influence will go back to his or her sphere of usefulness and listen to
+the cry for justice on behalf of the Six Nations, fully appreciating the
+fact that it is "up to you" to see to it that justice is done this
+people who have rendered such inestimable service to this country and to
+Britain.
+
+My remarks may not suit everyone, but I cannot help that. I am not
+courting popularity, for I am getting too old for that, and I am
+descended from too long a line of brave warriors to be afraid to speak
+the truth, whether it be pleasant or otherwise.
+
+Thanking you, Mr. Chairman, ladies and gentlemen, for the privilege and
+honour of addressing this influential assemblage and for the kind
+hearing and attention accorded to me.
+
+    *    *    *    *    *
+
+[At the conclusion of Chief Smith's speech three rousing warwhoops were
+given, led by Chiefs Johnson and Elliott, and joined in by all present.]
+
+
+WARRIOR F. ONONDEYOH LOFT
+
+Six Nation Indians
+
+We are assembled to-day on this historic spot to commemorate the memory
+of a great soldier, a patriot and renowned son of the Empire of which we
+are a part.
+
+I am pleased to note the presence of so many chiefs and warriors of the
+Six Nations who are here assembled on the basis of one common
+citizenship with you, to join with our white brethren to pay respect and
+homage to the late hero, General Sir Isaac Brock, who offered his life
+as a sacrifice in the cause he so gallantly defended. He was the brave
+leader who led the white man and Indian in the defence of our country,
+our flag, and all that pertained to the maintenance of British
+institutions.
+
+Our act to-day is a noble one. It is of a kind that touches deep down
+into the heart that throbs with affection's glow. It is one worthy of
+emulation by our posterity. We as a people should never lose sight of
+the great importance that must attach to this occasion, and of the duty
+we owe to our children to do all we can to impress their minds with the
+precepts of loyalty to the king and crown, that should be ever steadfast
+and immovable.
+
+As a member of the Six Nations it is not altogether my wish that I
+should be looked upon on this occasion as a mere representative of my
+nation, but rather as a representative of the noble native Indian race
+which has so conspicuously identified itself with British arms at
+critical periods in the history of our fair Dominion.
+
+One hundred years ago our country and people were befogged by conditions
+that were grey and ominous. It was very uncertain as to the part, if
+any, the Indians would take in the impending conflict.
+
+From this spot, almost, General Brock set out for Amherstburg to arrange
+plans of campaign, and there met and shook hands with Tecumseh, this
+patriot Indian giving the assurance to his chief in command of the
+forces that he and his united Indian tribes composed of the Shawanoes,
+Wyandottes, Chippewas, Ottawas, Foxes and others, were ready to go into
+the field of action in defence of the British cause.
+
+Like General Brock, this noble red man, as a leader of his kinsmen, also
+sacrificed his life in the cause of his king and country. And sad is it
+to say that not even a heave of the turf marks his last resting-place.
+
+It is not for me to laud or unduly magnify the important part the
+Indians have played in wars that have marked our country's
+history-making: but should such an emergency again present itself, I
+feel confident that the Indians will never be found wanting.
+
+
+MR. CHARLES R. McCULLOUGH
+
+Honorary President of the Association of Canadian Clubs
+
+I tender my thanks to the Committee for honouring the hundred clubs of
+the Dominion by inviting their honorary president to take part in the
+proceedings of this great day.
+
+The real celebration of the centenary of the battle and the fitting
+remembrance of the hero who gave up his life for Canada one hundred
+years ago, has already taken place in the six thousand schools by six
+hundred thousand scholars of this premier Province of Ontario. By this
+vast army of patriots in the making there has been celebrated within the
+past few days in song and story the splendid heroism of the immortal
+Brock, and the work done by him for our common country a century ago.
+
+In that great work he was nobly seconded by the brilliant young
+Glengarrian Macdonell, who, like his illustrious leader, fell on the
+slope of this sacred hill.
+
+In this dread contest there fought side by side regular soldier and
+militiaman; the noble red man and the freed black man contended against
+a common enemy to that freedom and that constitution that every Briton
+loves so well.
+
+It was indeed a proud thing for Canadians to remember that whilst there
+was a great Imperial officer to lead the little band, close beside him
+in the great struggle there ever stood a valorous Canadian aide-de-camp.
+Yes, for every regular that contended for the maintenance of British law
+and authority in this Canada of ours there were fighting by his side the
+farmer and the tradesman of those heroic days.
+
+Was not this prophetic of that future co-operation between mother and
+daughter states? Was it not full of the deepest meaning for us of the
+twentieth century? Could we not say "Thy people are my people and my
+people thy people"? As in the days of yore, so in these days of Canada's
+abounding prosperity and increasing national greatness, there would be
+found men and means for any national or Imperial emergency that the
+future might have in store for us.
+
+Our magnificently proportioned Canada must have a magnificently
+proportioned soul if she would fulfil her high destiny of eventual
+leadership in the band of sister nations within an Empire indissolubly
+bound by ties of love and sacrifice. In enlarging the soul of our people
+such celebrations as these have their sure and certain part, and the
+thrill of Brock's great name will stir this people's soul so long as
+Canada shall endure.
+
+    *    *    *    *    *
+
+A brief and eloquent speech was also made by Mr. W. M. German, M.P.,
+Welland, Ont.
+
+[Illustration: MEMBERS OF COMMITTEE AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS
+
+Alexander Fraser, LL.D., Dr. Alexander Dame, Col. Geo. S. Ryerson, Miss
+Helen M. Merrill, John Stewart Carstairs, B.A., Allen W. Johnston.]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX I.
+
+HIGHLAND HEROES IN THE WAR OF 1812-14[1]
+
+By Dr. Alexander Fraser, Toronto
+
+
+While with a fine sense of fitness the part taken by the men of
+Glengarry, Ontario, in the 1812-14 war is rarely referred to by the
+descendants of those who fought so well and fell for their country, it
+is but meet on a centennial occasion as is now being celebrated that the
+distinguished services of the clansmen should not be forgotten. Much,
+indeed, could be said of the Macdonells, Macdonalds, Macleans,
+MacMillans, Chisholms, Camerons and Grants, as well as of other kindred
+families, who displayed all the ardour of the Highland mountaineer in
+defence of home and country, and who occupied second place then nor
+subsequently when the war-note sounded. These brief lines, however, must
+deal only with Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, who fell mortally
+wounded at Queenston Heights, and whose name cannot be disassociated in
+history from that of Brock, the chief hero of the war.
+
+[Footnote 1: Reprinted from the Toronto _Globe_ and _Mail and Empire_ of
+the 12th of October, 1912.]
+
+The many intermarriages in the course of generations between members of
+different houses of the Glengarry branch of Clan Donald have created
+genealogical intricacies not always threaded by the general reader. The
+identity of Colonel John Macdonell, the Queenston hero, however, need
+never have been in doubt. He was descended from Angus Macdonell of
+Greenfield, a grandson of Ranald, the ninth chief of Glengarry--in
+Gaelic, styled "Mac-ic-Alasdair." The Macdonells of Greenfield are
+nearer the main line of the Glengarry family than the cadet branches of
+Aberchalder, Cullachie and Leek--many of whom settled in Canada, who
+left the parent stock at an earlier period. They might reasonably be
+regarded as representative of all the Glengarry Macdonells of Canada.
+
+Angus Macdonell of Greenfield had one son, Alexander, who came to Canada
+in 1792. He was married in Scotland to a daughter of Alexander Macdonell
+of Aberchalder (Captain 1st Battalion, King's Royal Regiment of New
+York), and among the issue of that marriage were Duncan, who succeeded
+his father, John, who fell with Brock, and Donald, who figured at
+Ogdensburg, 1813.
+
+John Macdonell (Queenston) was born in 1785, in Scotland, and with his
+family came to Canada when seven years of age. In due course he became
+member of the Legislature for Glengarry and Attorney-General for Upper
+Canada. He was a Colonel of Militia, and on the outbreak of the war of
+1812 acted as Military Secretary and Provincial A.D.C. to General Sir
+Isaac Brock. His legal talents were regarded as of high order, and of
+his military abilities Brock entertained a very good opinion indeed. As
+President of the Council and Administrator of Upper Canada, General
+Brock occupied the highest civil position in the Province, and the chief
+military position as General of the forces under his command.
+
+Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell, as Attorney-General, filled the next
+highest civil position to Brock in Upper Canada, and, as Military
+Secretary and P.A.D.C., was next highest in importance, if not in rank,
+to his chief in the field. Testimony was warmly borne by some of the
+most capable to judge, of his dominance in the military operations, and
+the subsequent negotiations, at Detroit, and the papers in connection
+therewith, which he is said to have drafted, bear the mark of his
+patriotic and generous mind. The Prince Regent, in expressing his regret
+at the loss which the country must experience by the death of the
+Attorney-General, declared that "his zealous co-operation with Sir Isaac
+Brock would reflect lasting honour on his memory." Like Brock, he died
+unmarried; like him, too, he was engaged to be married at the time of
+his death. His fiancee was Miss Powell, daughter of the Chief Justice.
+
+The story is told that at the commencement of the war, before making his
+will, Colonel Macdonell told Miss Powell that, though he had only a
+little estate to dispose of, about L300 in money, his books, papers and
+personal effects, together with ten acres of land on Church Street,
+Toronto, he wished her to have first choice of either the money and
+effects, or the land, for herself; the other part to go to a relative.
+She chose the money and the personalty, and the ten acres of land on
+Church Street went to his relative and godson, James Macdonell, son of
+his host, the Hon. Alexander Macdonell, Toronto, in whose family the
+title still remains.
+
+Colonel Macdonell's father, Colonel Alexander Macdonell, commanded the
+2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia, in the war, and two of his brothers
+also had commissions, Duncan Macdonell, as a Captain, commanding a
+company at Ogdensburg (under Colonel George Macdonell), and Donald
+Greenfield Macdonell, who also commanded a company at Ogdensburg.
+Duncan, the elder brother, succeeded his father as Lieutenant-Colonel,
+commanding the 2nd Battalion, Glengarry Militia, until 1857, when he
+received the thanks of the Governor-General "for his long and valuable
+services dating from the last war." His son, Lieutenant-Colonel
+Archibald J. Macdonell, was also commanding officer of his grandfather's
+and father's regiment from 1857 to 1804. He was a barrister, and a
+Bencher, and Recorder at Kingston, and for many years a partner with Sir
+John A. Macdonald, Prime Minister of Canada. His only son is the
+well-known Lieut.-Col. John A. Macdonell, Alexandria, Ontario, now the
+head of the Greenfield family, whose patriotic sentiments and
+antiquarian tastes have often found eloquent and useful expression. He
+is a grandnephew of Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) and fifth of
+Greenfield.
+
+Donald Greenfield Macdonell, who commanded a company at Ogdensburg
+(brother of Colonel Macdonell, Queenston), became D.A.Q.M.G in the war,
+was a Colonel of Militia and Deputy Adjutant-General from 1846 to 1861.
+He had the honour of laying the corner-stone of the monument to Sir
+Isaac Brock at Queenston in 1853. Among his grandsons are Donald
+Greenfield Macdonell, barrister, Vancouver, heir male, after Lieut.-Col.
+John A. Macdonell, Alexandria, Ontario, and A. McLean Macdonell, K.C.,
+the well-known barrister of Toronto.
+
+The connection of Mr. A. McLean Macdonell, K.C., of Toronto, with the
+War of 1812 is perhaps unique. Not only had his paternal
+great-grandfather and three sons, the Macdonells of Greenfield,
+commissions in the War of 1812, as above stated, but his maternal
+great-grandfather and three sons also held commissions in that war,
+viz., the Honourable Neil McLean and his three sons: 1st, the Honourable
+Archibald McLean, afterwards Chief Justice of Upper Canada. It is said
+that when Colonel Macdonell fell, McLean was near him, and he called out
+to him: "Help me, Archie." 2nd, John McLean, afterwards Sheriff of
+Kingston; and 3rd, Colonel Alexander McLean, who shows an excellent
+military record, and whose daughter married John Macdonell of
+Greenfield, Mr. McLean Macdonell's father. Thus, Mr. McLean Macdonell
+had two great-grandfathers, two grandfathers, and four granduncles, all
+holding important commissions in the only war which has vitally
+threatened Canada.
+
+The connection between A. Claude Macdonell, M.P., Toronto, and
+Lieutenant-Colonel John Macdonell (Queenston) is by intermarriage in the
+families of Aberchalder and Cullachie. The Aberchalders gave a father,
+Captain Alexander, and three sons, John, Hugh, and Chichester, to the
+American revolutionary war. John was a Captain in Butler's Rangers and
+was the first Speaker of the first House of Assembly of Upper Canada, in
+1792. Hugh was an officer in the King's Royal Regiment and in the Royal
+Canadian Volunteer Regiment. He was one of the members for Glengarry in
+the first Legislature of Upper Canada. He afterwards served at
+Gibraltar, and as British Consul-General at Algiers. Chichester served
+in Butler's Rangers, and became a colonel in the British army, winning
+distinction at Corunna.
+
+Allan Macdonell of Cullachie (closely related to Aberchalder) was a
+captain in the 84th Royal Highland Emigrant Regiment, and his son,
+Alexander, an officer in Butler's Rangers, was prominent in the
+military-political life of Upper Canada, and at the time of the 1812 war
+was a colonel of Militia and Deputy Postmaster-General. His son, Angus
+Duncan Macdonell, who died in 1894, was the father of Mr. Angus Claude
+Macdonell, M.P. for South Toronto.
+
+When Colonel Macdonell (Queenston) came to Toronto as a young man in
+connection with his profession, he resided with his relative, the
+Honourable Alexander Macdonell, Mr. Claude Macdonell's grandfather, and
+it was from his home he went to the front. Needless to say, Colonel
+Macdonell's memory is sacredly cherished among these and many others of
+his kith and kin in Canada, as it is indeed by all lovers of the heroic
+in Canadian history.
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX II.
+
+TORONTO GARRISON CHURCH PARADE
+
+In commemoration of the Centenary of the Death of Major-General Sir
+Isaac Brock at the Battle of Queenston Heights
+
+Massey Hall, Sunday, October 13th, 1912, 3 p.m.
+
+Major-General W. H. Cotton, Commanding
+
+
+The musical portion of the service was rendered by the massed bands of
+the garrison under the direction of Bandmaster G. I. Timpson, Queen's
+Own Rifles.
+
+
+ORDER OF DIVINE SERVICE
+
+OPENING VOLUNTARY
+
+GRAND PROCESSIONAL MARCH
+
+"The Silver Trumpets"             _Viviani_
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles
+
+
+Hymn, "SOLDIERS OF CHRIST, ARISE"
+_Put on the whole armour of God_
+
+    Soldiers of Christ, arise,
+      And put your armour on;
+    Strong in the strength which God supplies,
+      Through His Eternal Son;
+
+    Strong in the Lord of Hosts,
+      And in His mighty power;
+    Who in the strength of Jesus trusts
+      Is more than conqueror.
+
+    Stand then in His great might,
+      With all His strength endued;
+    And take to arm you for the fight,
+      The panoply of God.
+
+    From strength to strength go on,
+      Wrestle, and fight, and pray;
+    Tread all the powers of darkness down,
+      And win the well-fought day.
+
+    That having all things done,
+      And all your conflicts past,
+    Ye may obtain, through Christ alone,
+      A crown of joy at last. Amen.
+
+
+GENERAL CONFESSION
+
+(To be said by all, standing)
+
+Almighty and most merciful Father; We have erred and strayed from Thy
+ways like lost sheep. We have followed too much the devices and desires
+of our own hearts. We have offended against Thy Holy Laws. We have left
+undone the things which we ought to have done; And we have done those
+things which we ought not to have done; And there is no health in us.
+But Thou, O Lord, have mercy upon us, miserable offenders. Spare Thou
+them, O God, which confess their faults. Restore Thou them that are
+penitent; according to Thy promises declared unto mankind in Christ
+Jesus our Lord. And grant, O most merciful Father, for His sake, that we
+may hereafter live a godly, righteous and sober life, To the glory of
+Thy Holy Name.  Amen.
+
+
+PRAYER FOR PARDON
+
+O Almighty God, the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who desireth not
+the death of a sinner, but rather that he may turn from his wickedness,
+and live, pardon and accept, we beseech Thee, all those who truly
+repent and unfeignedly believe Thy Holy Gospel. Grant us true repentance
+and Thy Holy Spirit; that those things may please Thee which we do at
+this present; and that the rest of our life hereafter may be pure and
+holy; so that at the last we may come to Thy eternal joy; through Jesus
+Christ our Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+THE LORD'S PRAYER
+
+
+PRAYER FOR THE KING'S MAJESTY
+
+(All standing)
+
+O Lord, our Heavenly Father, high and mighty, King of kings, Lord of
+lords, the only Ruler of princes, who dost from Thy throne behold all
+the dwellers upon earth; most heartily we beseech Thee with Thy favor to
+behold our most gracious Sovereign Lord, King George; and so replenish
+him with the grace of Thy Holy Spirit, that he may alway incline to Thy
+will, and walk in Thy way; Endue him plenteously with heavenly gifts;
+grant him in health and wealth long to live; strengthen him that he may
+vanquish and overcome all his enemies; and finally, after this life, he
+may attain everlasting joy and felicity; through Jesus Christ our Lord.
+  Amen.
+
+
+PRAYER FOR THE ROYAL FAMILY
+
+Almighty God, the fountain of all goodness, we humbly beseech Thee to
+bless our gracious Queen Mary, Alexandra the Queen Mother, Edward Prince
+of Wales and all the Royal Family; Endue them with Thy Holy Spirit;
+enrich them with Thy heavenly grace; prosper them with all happiness;
+and bring them to Thine everlasting kingdom; through Jesus Christ our
+Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+PRAYER FOR SOLDIERS
+
+Grant, we beseech Thee, Almighty God, that we who are called to the
+service of our Empire, may ever remember the honour which we uphold and
+the privilege which is entrusted to us, to defend our Sovereign, our
+homes and our country. Enable us at all times to do what is right, and
+so to conduct ourselves, that we may bring no disgrace upon the uniform
+which we wear, nor upon the flag under which we serve. Make us faithful,
+brave and true to our duty, and especially to Thee, our God, as soldiers
+of Christ and soldiers of the King. Keep us, defend us and save us at
+all times; fill our hearts with courage and love, and may we never be
+ashamed to confess Thee before men, as good soldiers and servants of
+Thine. And this we ask for the sake of Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.
+
+
+SCRIPTURE LESSON
+
+
+OFFERTORY
+
+
+VOLUNTARY
+
+"In the Chapel"           _R. Eilenberg_
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles
+
+
+SERMON
+
+By Captain the Rev. Dr. Llwyd, Chaplain to the Queen's Own Rifles.
+
+
+HYMN, "STAND UP FOR JESUS"
+
+_Quit you like men, be strong_
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus,
+      Ye soldiers of the Cross;
+    Lift high His Royal Banner,
+      It must not suffer loss;
+    From victory unto victory
+      His army He shall lead;
+    Till every foe is vanquished,
+      And Christ is Lord indeed.
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus,
+      The trumpet call obey;
+    Forth to the mighty conflict
+      In this His glorious day;
+    Ye that are men now serve Him
+      Against unnumbered foes;
+    Let courage rise with danger,
+      And strength to strength oppose.
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus;
+      Stand in His Strength alone;
+    The arm of flesh will fail you,
+      Ye dare not trust your own;
+    Put on the gospel armour,
+      And watching unto prayer,
+    Where duty calls, or danger,
+      Be never wanting there.
+
+    Stand up, stand up for Jesus;
+      The strife will not be long;
+    This day the noise of battle,
+      The next the victors' song;
+    To him that overcometh
+      A crown of life shall be;
+    He with the King of glory
+      Shall reign eternally. Amen.
+
+
+NATIONAL ANTHEM
+
+    God save our Gracious King,
+    Long live our noble King,
+    God save the King.
+    Send him victorious,
+    Happy and glorious,
+    Long to reign over us;
+    God save the King.
+
+    Thy choicest gifts in store,
+    On him be pleased to pour;
+    Long may he reign.
+    May he defend our laws,
+    And ever give us cause
+    To sing with heart and voice,
+    God save the King.
+
+
+BENEDICTION
+
+
+RECESSIONAL
+
+The "Priests' March" from "Athalie"           _Mendelssohn_
+Band of the Queen's Own Rifles
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX III.
+
+INDIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE RECONSTRUCTION OF BROCK'S MONUMENT
+
+(Communicated by the Editor.)
+
+
+The indignation aroused by the destruction of the first monument erected
+to General Brock was fully shared by the Indians of Ontario. Meetings of
+the Bands were held at which expression was given to the feelings which
+stirred their hearts. They asked the Government to allow them to join
+with the White Men in contributing to the Fund for the reconstruction of
+the monument, and this having been most cordially granted, a sum
+amounting to L207 10s. was raised among the Indians in sums varying from
+L7 10s. to L15 and paid over to the general fund on behalf of the
+following Bands:--
+
+     The Chippewas of the Upper Reserve, on the River St. Clair.
+
+     The Chippewas of the Lower Reserve and Walpole Island, on the River
+     St. Clair.
+
+     The Hurons and Wyandotts of Amherstburg.
+
+     The Chippewas of the River Thames.
+
+     The Munsees of the River Thames.
+
+     The Oneidas of the River Thames.
+
+     The Six Nation Indians of the Grand River.
+
+     The Missisagua of the River Credit.
+
+     The Chippewas of the Saugeen River, Lake Huron.
+
+     The Chippewas of the Township of Rama, Lake Couchiching.
+
+     The Chippewas of Snake Island, Lake Simcoe.
+
+     The Missisagua of Alnwick, Rice Lake.
+
+     The Missisagua of Rice Lake Village, Otonabee; and of Mud and
+     Balsam Lakes.
+
+     The Mohawks of the Bay of Quinte.
+
+The following petition from the Missisagua of Rice Lake, shows the
+spirit in which the Indians acted:
+
+     "_To_ SAMUEL P. JARVIS, _Esquire, Chief Superintendent of Indian
+     Affairs_.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We have heard of the wicked attempt to destroy the Monument of our
+     old Chief, Sir Isaac Brock; and are also informed of the intention
+     of the White Man to rebuild it.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We respect the memory of the brave, and are sorry to find that
+     there are any who do not.
+
+     "Some of us fought on the same field on which the gallant general
+     fell. We then felt the same sorrow in our hearts that our loyal
+     brothers in arms, the White Men, felt, and we still unite with them
+     in the deepest regret at our common loss. These feelings urge us
+     readily to contribute our share to the expense of re-building that
+     Monument which was designed to perpetuate the fame of such noble
+     deeds.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We, who are thus ready to assist in the present exigency, will
+     never be backward in testifying our loyal principles by still more
+     substantial proofs, whenever our Great Mother, the Queen, shall lay
+     her commands upon us. We will never refuse to hear her words. Our
+     Great Fathers, her Royal predecessors, have been very kind to her
+     people. We are not unthankful. We do not wish to be idle; but
+     whenever we may be called upon to defend the honour and rights of
+     the British Crown, we will most heartily strain every nerve, and do
+     all the service in our power.
+
+     "Father:
+     "We authorize you to subscribe from our monies the sum of Fifteen
+     Pounds, in aid of the praiseworthy work about to be performed; and
+     may the blessing of the Great Spirit make it prosper.
+
+     "Dated at Rice Lake Mission, Otonabee, January 7, 1841.
+
+                                      "GEORGE PAUDASH, Principal Chief.
+                                      "JOHN CROW, Chief.
+                                      "JOHN COPOWAY, Chief.
+                                      "JOHN TAUNCHEY, Chief.
+
+"Read over to the Chiefs and signed by them
+in presence of--
+
+                                      HENRY BALDWIN, Jun."
+
+
+The generous action of the Indians was much appreciated by the British
+Government and the following acknowledgment was made by Lord John
+Russell, on its behalf:--
+
+                                             "Downing Street,
+                                                 "6th May, 1841.
+     "No. 372.
+     "My Lord:
+
+     "I received by the last mail from Canada a pamphlet, containing the
+     correspondence, addresses, etc., connected with the subscription of
+     various Indian Tribes in Upper Canada, in aid of the funds for the
+     reconstruction of Sir Isaac Brock's Monument on Queenston Heights.
+
+     "The feelings evinced by the Indians on this occasion are much to
+     their credit. I have to request that your Lordship will convey to
+     them the thanks of the British Government and nation for their
+     zealous co-operation, and renew to them the assurances of the
+     Queen's regard for their welfare.
+
+                                   "I have, etc.,
+                                     "(Signed) J. RUSSELL.
+
+      "The Right Honourable Lord Sydenham."
+
+
+[Illustration: GROUP OF INDIANS (GRAND RIVER RESERVE) CELEBRATING
+BROCK'S CENTENARY AT QUEENSTON HEIGHTS. CHIEF ALEXANDER HILL, IN
+COSTUME.]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX IV.
+
+MEETINGS OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
+
+
+A meeting of the Executive Committee of the Brock Centenary was held on
+the 16th October, 1912, there being present: Col. Ryerson, Dr. James L.
+Hughes, Dr. Alexander Fraser, Mr. C. E. Macdonald, Mr. F. D. L. Smith,
+and Miss Helen M. Merrill, Secretary.
+
+It was resolved:--
+
+     That the thanks of the Committee be conveyed to the Right
+     Honourable R. L. Borden, Prime Minister of Canada, and his
+     Government for the military arrangements that had been made in
+     connection with the celebration of the Centenary; and to the
+     Honourable Dr. Pyne, Minister of Education of Ontario, for so
+     cheerfully complying with all the suggestions made by the Committee
+     with respect to the holding of patriotic exercises in the public
+     schools.
+
+     That the publication of the Account of the Centenary celebration be
+     proceeded with; and that Dr. Alexander Fraser (Chairman), Col.
+     Ryerson, Mr. F. D. L. Smith, and Miss Helen M. Merrill be the
+     Publication Committee in this matter.
+
+     That all the correspondence and papers in connection with the
+     Centenary be deposited in the Ontario Archives, Toronto.
+
+     That the proposal to place a bronze tablet, commemorative of the
+     Centenary, on Brock's monument at Queenston Heights be brought
+     before the co-operating societies, and that action be taken in
+     accordance with their opinion.
+
+     That the striking of a Centennial medal be left in abeyance in the
+     meantime.
+
+    *    *    *    *    *
+
+At a meeting of the Executive Committee held on the 25th of October,
+1912, Col. Ryerson presiding, the subject of publication of the
+Centenary volume was minutely discussed. It was agreed that Dr.
+Alexander Fraser should edit the MS. for the press and that the work be
+proceeded with.
+
+[Illustration: CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY.]
+
+
+
+
+APPENDIX V.
+
+CAPTAIN JOSEPH BIRNEY
+
+Contributed by J. L. Birney, Toronto, Son of Captain Joseph Birney, from
+whose Narrative these Statements have been Compiled.
+
+
+Captain Birney was born in Orange County, in the State of New York, on
+the 1st of February, 1777.
+
+In 1779 his father, William Birney, was killed at the battle of
+Lackawack, New York, in suppressing an Indian uprising, and upon their
+bereavement his mother, with his sister, a child in arms, and himself a
+child two years old, made her way through the forest, sixty miles, to
+New York City. In the year 1783 or 1784 he was baptized in Trinity
+Church, New York City. When the British evacuated New York, Captain
+Birney, with his family and friends, went with the British to where now
+is situated St. John, New Brunswick, and resided there until 1801, when
+he came to Upper Canada, and settled where Hamilton is to-day. While in
+New Brunswick he taught the Duke of Kent to skate, both of them often
+practising together on St. John's River.
+
+In Upper Canada Captain Birney entered into the military life of the
+time. He was over six feet in height, powerfully built, and was well
+fitted for the stirring life then before him.
+
+In 1812 he was Ensign in Captain Hatt's company, which accompanied Sir
+Isaac Brock to Detroit, and his commission as Ensign, signed by Sir
+Isaac Brock, is now in possession of his son, John L. Birney, of
+Toronto. Captain Birney was present when General Brock first met
+Tecumseh, and he often related how the General was impressed with the
+wonderful personality of the great chief.
+
+As Lieutenant he served in Captain Durand's company of 5th Lincoln
+Militia at the Battle of Queenston Heights. He was attached to Brock's
+staff as a special aide, to supervise the laying of the batteries.
+Shortly before the Canadians were driven from the heights, General Brock
+found that in firing at the Americans who were coming across the river
+the bullets were flying short, and he gave the order to Colonel Williams
+to cease firing, but Colonel Williams, mistaking the order to mean
+"retire," began to retire by Niagara. Sir Isaac remarked, "That's
+effective," but Captain Birney, noticing Colonel Williams' movement,
+remarked, "But, General, you did not mean to retire!" "By no means,"
+answered Sir Isaac. "Oh, for one to bring them back!" "May I go?"
+offered Birney. "By all means go, Birney," ordered the General,
+whereupon Captain Birney ran down the steep slope of the heights as fast
+as he could. On the way down he noticed the mullein stalks being cut
+off, and stepping on a slippery spot he fell violently on the broad of
+his back.
+
+At this he heard a great cheer, and looking up saw the cause of it all.
+The Americans were in possession of a portion of the heights, and their
+sharpshooters, thinking they had succeeded in intercepting him in his
+errand, had set up a cheer, but Birney was soon afoot, and came up with
+Colonel Williams, who upon seeing Birney, called his men to halt, and
+enquired, "What's the matter, Birney? Orders from the General?" Birney,
+being entirely out of breath, from his efforts and fall, could not
+answer, and Colonel Williams further enquired, "Did the General not
+order us to retire?" Birney shook his head. "What, then?" asked Colonel
+Williams. "To cease firing," Birney managed to whisper. At this the
+Colonel uttered an oath and smote himself a terrific blow on the
+forehead with his fist. They had not returned far when they heard a
+voice say "Halt!" and looking up they saw the General and his men, they
+having been driven from the summit. There was a short conference, when
+the General decided to go around by St. David's and there attack the
+enemy. But they had not gone far when Birney, who was immediately behind
+the General, heard a groan, and looking up saw the General falling from
+his horse, and, rushing forward, he assisted him to the ground. With a
+few parting orders the General was dead.
+
+After this Birney had to take command of his own company, and with the
+rest they fell in order and marched around the mountain by St. David's
+and there surprised the Americans eating their (the Canadians')
+breakfast, as the Americans had surprised them earlier in the morning.
+And then commenced the real fighting of the day. The Americans after a
+hand-to-hand fight were charged and driven out, many of them being
+forced over heights into Niagara River. Captain Birney used to remark
+that with his sword in one hand and a broken gunbarrel in the other he
+led his men in this charge, and it was a sorry day for any American who
+came within his reach. Among the many prisoners Captain Birney assisted
+in capturing that day was his cousin, Captain Winfield Scott, afterwards
+General Scott, who, after being taken to York, was exchanged for
+prisoners.
+
+Captain Birney led his company, the 5th Lincoln, in the battle of
+Lundy's Lane in 1814, coming out of it, as he did in all his
+engagements, without a scratch.
+
+He used to take pleasure in relating how, after the Americans had been
+badly beaten and had made a hasty retreat, leaving their men to be
+buried, there was left behind a lone gunner who stuck to his cannon.
+Birney and a number of his men marched down upon this man for the
+purpose of capturing the gun, and as they approached him, three times
+did this gunner swing his torch with the purpose of firing his gun, but
+each time he drew back from the fuse and finally threw his torch upon
+the ground. Birney said it was well he did, as he and many of his men
+would not have lived to tell the tale, as they were walking directly in
+the face of the cannon. He also took pride in telling how one Canadian
+cannon was taken and retaken many times that night, while lying in heaps
+around it were Canadians and Americans who had fought and died bravely.
+
+When the Rebellion of 1837 broke out Captain Birney was the oldest
+officer surviving the troubles of 1812-14. Being at that time over age
+he did not wish to take any part in the fighting, feeling he had served
+his country well and sufficiently up to that time, and he felt in
+addition that through favoritism many who had served under him had been
+promoted over his head. However, through the personal efforts of Sir
+Allan McNab and Colonel Land he was persuaded to take command of a
+company of the 3rd Gore Militia, which post he held until about 1841,
+being actively engaged in military affairs during all that period.
+
+Some of his work at this time was the building of the bridge for the
+troops to cross the water-gap at Burlington Heights, and he also was
+engaged in constructing the defence works on Burlington Heights during
+the battle of Stoney Creek for use in case of retreat. He was afterwards
+with his company in charge of the 112 prisoners who were held and tried
+at Hamilton.
+
+When Captain Birney died, in 1873, being in his 96th year, he was the
+oldest living Mason in Canada, having joined the Craft in 1803.
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note:-
+
+Illustration "Brock Centenary Celebration at Queenston Heights" added to
+  list of Illustrations for Page 38.
+
+Original spelling retained and some minor punctuation corrections made.
+
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Brock Centenary 1812-1912, by Various
+
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