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| author | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 05:22:30 -0700 |
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| committer | Roger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org> | 2025-10-15 05:22:30 -0700 |
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background:#faebd0; text-align:justify} + P { text-indent: 1em; margin-top: .25em; margin-bottom: .25em; } + H1,H2,H3,H4,H5,H6 { text-align: center; margin-left: 15%; margin-right: 15%; } + hr { width: 50%; text-align: center;} + .foot { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; text-indent: -3em; font-size: 90%; } + blockquote {font-size: 97%; font-style: italic; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%;} + .mynote {background-color: #DDE; color: #000; padding: .5em; margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-family: sans-serif; font-size: 95%;} + .toc { margin-left: 10%; margin-bottom: .75em;} + .toc2 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent5 { margin-left: 5%;} + .indent10 { margin-left: 10%;} + .indent15 { margin-left: 15%;} + .indent20 { margin-left: 20%;} + .indent30 { margin-left: 30%;} + div.fig { display:block; margin:0 auto; text-align:center; } + div.middle { margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%; text-align: justify; } + .figleft {float: left; margin-left: 0%; margin-right: 1%;} + .figright {float: right; margin-right: 0%; margin-left: 1%;} + .pagenum {display:inline; font-size: 100%; font-style:normal; + margin: 0; padding: 0; position: absolute; right: 1%; + text-align: right;} + .side { float: left; font-size: 75%; width: 25%; padding-left: 0.8em; + border-left: dashed thin; text-align: left; + text-indent: 0; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; + font-weight: bold; color: black; background: #eeeeee; border: solid 1px;} + p.pfirst, p.noindent {text-indent: 0} + span.dropcap { float: left; margin: 0 0.1em 0 0; line-height: 1 } + pre { font-style: italic; font-size: 90%; margin-left: 10%;} + --> +</style> + + </head> + <body> + <h2> + MEMOIRS OF MADAME DE MONTESPAN,<br /> By Madame de Montespan + </h2> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Memoirs of Madame de Montespan, Complete +by Madame La Marquise De Montespan + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.net + + +Title: The Memoirs of Madame de Montespan, Complete + +Author: Madame La Marquise De Montespan + +Release Date: September 29, 2006 [EBook #3854] +Last Updated: April 3, 2013 + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MADAME DE MONTESPAN *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + +</pre> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + MEMOIRS OF MADAME LA MARQUISE DE MONTESPAN + </h1> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <h2> + Written by Herself + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <h3> + Being the Historic Memoirs of the Court of Louis XIV. + </h3> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="cover.jpg (116K)" src="images/cover.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="titlepage.jpg (61K)" src="images/titlepage.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS + </h2> + <table summary=""> + <tr> + <td> + <a href="#montespan">Madame de Montespan</a>——<i>Etching + by Mercier</i><br /><br /> <a href="#p052">Hortense Mancini</a>——<i>Drawing + in the Louvre</i><br /><br /> <a href="#p074">Madame de la Valliere</a>——<i>Painting + by Francois</i><br /><br /> <a href="#p104">Moliere</a>——<i>Original + Etching by Lalauze</i><br /><br /> <a href="#p153">Boileau</a>——<i>Etching + by Lalauze</i><br /><br /> <a href="#p288">A French Courtier</a>——<i>Photogravure + from a Painting</i><br /><br /> <a href="#maintenon">Madame de Maintenon</a>——<i>Etching + by Mercier from Painting by Hule</i><br /><br /> <a href="#pb034">Charles + II.</a>——<i>Original Etching by Ben Damman</i><br /><br /> + <a href="#pb068">Bosseut</a>——<i>Etching by Lalauze</i><br /><br /> + <a href="#pb110">Louis XIV. Knighting a Subject</a>——<i>Photogravure + from a Rare Print</i><br /><br /> <a href="#pb236">A French Actress</a>——<i>Painting + by Leon Comerre</i><br /><br /> <a href="#pb256">Racine</a>——<i>Etching + by Lalauze</i><br /><br /> + </td> + </tr> + </table> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 1. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE. + </h2> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Historians have, on the whole, dealt somewhat harshly with the fascinating + Madame de Montespan, perhaps taking their impressions from the judgments, + often narrow and malicious, of her contemporaries. To help us to get a + fairer estimate, her own "Memoirs," written by herself, and now first + given to readers in an English dress, should surely serve. Avowedly + compiled in a vague, desultory way, with no particular regard to + chronological sequence, these random recollections should interest us, in + the first place, as a piece of unconscious self-portraiture. The cynical + Court lady, whose beauty bewitched a great King, and whose ruthless + sarcasm made Duchesses quail, is here drawn for us in vivid fashion by her + own hand, and while concerned with depicting other figures she really + portrays her own. Certainly, in these Memoirs she is generally content to + keep herself in the background, while giving us a faithful picture of the + brilliant Court at which she was for long the most lustrous ornament. It + is only by stray touches, a casual remark, a chance phrase, that we, as it + were, gauge her temperament in all its wiliness, its egoism, its love of + supremacy, and its shallow worldly wisdom. Yet it could have been no + ordinary woman that held the handsome Louis so long her captive. The fair + Marquise was more than a mere leader of wit and fashion. If she set the + mode in the shape of a petticoat, or devised the sumptuous splendours of a + garden fete, her talent was not merely devoted to things frivolous and + trivial. She had the proverbial 'esprit des Mortemart'. Armed with beauty + and sarcasm, she won a leading place for herself at Court, and held it in + the teeth of all detractors. + </p> + <p> + Her beauty was for the King, her sarcasm for his courtiers. Perhaps little + of this latter quality appears in the pages bequeathed to us, written, as + they are, in a somewhat cold, formal style, and we may assume that her + much-dreaded irony resided in her tongue rather than in her pen. Yet we + are glad to possess these pages, if only as a reliable record of Court + life during the brightest period of the reign of Louis Quatorze. + </p> + <p> + As we have hinted, they are more, indeed, than this. For if we look closer + we shall perceive, as in a glass, darkly, the contour of a subtle, even a + perplexing, personality. + </p> + <p> + P. E. P. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="montespan" id="montespan"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="montespan.jpg (102K)" src="images/montespan.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + HISTORIC COURT MEMOIRS. + </h1> + <h1> + MADAME DE MONTESPAN. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER I. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Reason for Writing These Memoirs.—Gabrielle d'Estrees. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The reign of the King who now so happily and so gloriously rules over + France will one day exercise the talent of the most skilful historians. + But these men of genius, deprived of the advantage of seeing the great + monarch whose portrait they fain would draw, will search everywhere among + the souvenirs of contemporaries and base their judgments upon our + testimony. It is this great consideration which has made me determined to + devote some of my hours of leisure to narrating, in these accurate and + truthful Memoirs, the events of which I myself am witness. + </p> + <p> + Naturally enough, the position which I fill at the great theatre of the + Court has made me the object of much false admiration, and much real + satire. Many men who owed to me their elevation or their success have + defamed me; many women have belittled my position after vain efforts to + secure the King's regard. In what I now write, scant notice will be taken + of all such ingratitude. Before my establishment at Court I had met with + hypocrisy of this sort in the world; and a man must, indeed, be reckless + of expense who daily entertains at his board a score of insolent + detractors. + </p> + <p> + I have too much wit to be blind to the fact that I am not precisely in my + proper place. But, all things considered, I flatter myself that posterity + will let certain weighty circumstances tell in my favour. An accomplished + monarch, to greet whom the Queen of Sheba would have come from the + uttermost ends of the earth, has deemed me worthy of his entertainment, + and has found amusement in my society. He has told me of the esteem which + the French have for Gabrielle d'Estrees, and, like that of Gabrielle, my + heart has let itself be captured, not by a great king, but by the most + honest man of his realm. + </p> + <p> + To France, Gabrielle gave the Vendome, to-day our support. The princes, my + sons, give promise of virtues as excellent, and will be worthy to aspire + to destinies as noble. It is my desire and my duty to give no thought to + my private griefs begotten of an ill-assorted marriage. May the King ever + be adored by his people; may my children ever be beloved and cherished by + the King; I am happy, and I desire to be so. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER II. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + That Which Often It is Best to Ignore.—A Marriage Such as One + Constantly Sees.—It is Too Late. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + My sisters thought it of extreme importance to possess positive knowledge + as to their future condition and the events which fate held in store for + them. They managed to be secretly taken to a woman famed for her talent in + casting the horoscope. But on seeing how overwhelmed by chagrin they both + were after consulting the oracle, I felt fearful as regarded myself, and + determined to let my star take its own course, heedless of its existence, + and allowing it complete liberty. + </p> + <p> + My mother occasionally took me out into society after the marriage of my + sister, De Thianges; and I was not slow to perceive that there was in my + person something slightly superior to the average intelligence,—certain + qualities of distinction which drew upon me the attention and the sympathy + of men of taste. Had any liberty been granted to it, my heart would have + made a choice worthy alike of my family and of myself. They were eager to + impose the Marquis de Montespan upon me as a husband; and albeit he was + far from possessing those mental perfections and that cultured charm which + alone make an indefinite period of companionship endurable, I was not slow + to reconcile myself to a temperament which, fortunately, was very + variable, and which thus served to console me on the morrow for what had + troubled me to-day. + </p> + <p> + Hardly had my marriage been arranged and celebrated than a score of the + most brilliant suitors expressed, in prose and in verse, their regret at + having lost beyond recall Mademoiselle de Tonnai-Charente. Such elegiac + effusions seemed to me unspeakably ridiculous; they should have explained + matters earlier, while the lists were still open. For persons of this sort + I conceived aversion, who were actually so clumsy as to dare to tell me + that they had forgotten to ask my hand in marriage! + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER III. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Montespan at the Palace.—M. de Montespan.—His + Indiscreet Language.—His Absence.—Specimen of His Way of + Writing.—A Refractory Cousin.—The King Interferes.—M. de + Montespan a Widower.—Amusement of the King.—Clemency of Madame + de Montespan. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Duc and Duchesse de Navailles had long been friends of my father's and + of my family. When the Queen-mother proceeded to form the new household of + her niece and daughter-in-law, the Infanta, the Duchesse de Navailles, + chief of the ladies-in-waiting, bethought herself of me, and soon the + Court and Paris learnt that I was one of the six ladies in attendance on + the young Queen. + </p> + <p> + This princess, who while yet at the Escurial had been made familiar with + the notable names of the French monarchy, honoured me during the journey + by alluding in terms of regard to the Mortemarts and Rochechouarts,—kinsmen + of mine. She was even careful to quote matters of history concerning my + ancestors. By such marks of good sense and good will I perceived that she + would not be out of place at a Court where politeness of spirit and + politeness of heart ever go side by side, or, to put it better, where + these qualities are fused and united. + </p> + <p> + M. le Marquis de Montespan, scion of the old house of Pardaillan de + Gondrin, had preferred what he styled "my grace and beauty" to the most + wealthy partis of France. He was himself possessed of wealth, and his + fortune gave him every facility for maintaining at Court a position of + advantage and distinction. + </p> + <p> + At first the honour which both Queens were graciously pleased to confer + upon me gave my husband intense satisfaction. He affectionately thanked + the Duc and Duchesse de Navailles, and expressed his most humble gratitude + to the two Queens and to the King. But it was not long before I perceived + that he had altered his opinion. + </p> + <p> + The love-affair between Mademoiselle de la Valliere and the King having + now become public, M. de Montespan condemned this attachment in terms of + such vehemence that I perforce felt afraid of the consequences of such + censure. He talked openly about the matter in society, airing his views + thereanent. Impetuously and with positive hardihood, he expressed his + disapproval in unstinted terms, criticising and condemning the prince's + conduct. Once, at the ballet, when within two feet of the Queen, it was + with the utmost difficulty that he could be prevented from discussing so + obviously unfitting a question, or from sententiously moralising upon the + subject. + </p> + <p> + All at once the news of an inheritance in the country served to occupy his + attention. He did all that he could to make me accompany him on this + journey. He pointed out to me that it behoved no young wife to be anywhere + without her husband. I, for my part, represented to him all that in my + official capacity I owed to the Queen. And as at that time I still loved + him heartily (M. de Montespan, I mean), and was sincerely attached to him, + I advised him to sell off the whole of the newly inherited estate to some + worthy member of his own family, so that he might remain with us in the + vast arena wherein I desired and hoped to achieve his rapid advance. + </p> + <p> + Never was there man more obstinate or more selfwilled than the Marquis. + Despite all my friendly persuasion, he was determined to go. And when once + settled at the other end of France, he launched out into all sorts of + agricultural schemes and enterprises, without even knowing why he did so. + He constructed roads, built windmills, bridged over a large torrent, + completed the pavilions of his castle, replanted coppices and vineyards, + and, besides all this, hunted the chamois, bears, and boars of the + Nebouzan and the Pyrenees. Four or five months after his departure I + received a letter from him of so singular a kind that I kept it in spite + of myself, and in the Memoirs it will not prove out of place. Far better + than any words of mine, it will depict the sort of mind, the logic, and + the curious character of the man who was my husband. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + MONTESPAN,—May 15, 1667. + </p> + <p> + I count more than ever, madame, upon your journey to the Pyrenees. If + you love me, as all your letters assure me, you should promptly take a + good coach and come. We are possessed of considerable property here, + which of late years my family have much neglected. These domains + require my presence, and my presence requires yours. Enough is yours + of wit or of good sense to understand that. + </p> + <p> + The Court is, no doubt, a fine country,—finer than ever under + the present reign. The more magnificent the Court is, the more uneasy + do I become. Wealth and opulence are needed there; and to your family + I never figured as a Croesus. By dint of order and thrift, we shall + ere long have satisfactorily settled our affairs; and I promise you + that our stay in the Provinces shall last no longer than is necessary + to achieve that desirable result. Three, four, five,—let us say, + six years. Well, that is not an eternity! By the time we come back we + shall both of us still be young. Come, then, my dearest Athenais, + come, and make closer acquaintance with these imposing Pyrenees, every + ravine of which is a landscape and every valley an Eden. To all these + beauties, yours is missing; you shall be here, like Dian, the goddess + of these noble forests. All our gentlefolk await you, admiring your + picture on the sweetmeat-box. They are minded to hold many pleasant + festivals in your honour; you may count upon having a veritable Court. + Here it is that you will meet the old Warnais nobility that followed + Henri IV. and placed the sceptre in his hand. Messieurs de Grammont + and de Biron are our neighbours; their grim castles dominate the whole + district, so that they seem like kings. + </p> + <p> + Our Chateau de Montespan will offer you something less severe; the + additions made for my mother twenty years ago are infinitely better + than anything that you will leave behind you in Paris. We have here + the finest fruits that ever grew in any earthly paradise. Our huge, + luscious peaches are composed of sugar, violets, carnations, amber, + and jessamine; strawberries and raspberries grow everywhere; and + naught may vie with the excellence of the water, the vegetables, and + the milk. + </p> + <p> + You are fond of scenery and of sketching from nature; there are half a + dozen landscapes here for you that leave Claude Lorrain far behind. I + mean to take you to see a waterfall, twelve hundred and seventy feet + in height, neither more nor less. What are your fountains at Saint + Germain and Chambord compared with such marvellous things as these? + </p> + <p> + Now, madame, I am really tired of coaxing and flattering you, as I + have done in this letter and in preceding ones. Do you want me, or do + you not? Your position as Court lady, so you say, keeps you near the + monarch; ask, then, or let me ask, for leave of absence. After having + been for four consecutive years Lady of the Palace, consent to become + Lady of the Castle, since your duties towards your spouse require it. + The young King, favourite as he is with the ladies, will soon find ten + others to replace you. And I, dearest Athenais, find it hard even to + think of replacing you, in spite of your cruel absence, which at once + annoys and grieves me. I am—no, I shall be—always and ever + yours, when you are always and ever mine. + </p> + <p> + MONTESPAN. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + I hastened to tell my husband in reply that his impatience and ill-humour + made me most unhappy; that as, through sickness or leave of absence, five + or six of the Court ladies were away, I could not possibly absent myself + just then; that I believed that I sufficiently merited his confidence to + let me count upon his attachment and esteem, whether far or near. And I + gave him my word of honour that I would join him after the Court moved to + Fontainebleau, that is to say, in the autumn. + </p> + <p> + My answer, far from soothing or calming him, produced quite a contrary + effect. I received the following letter, which greatly alarmed and + agitated me: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + Your allegations are only vain pretexts, your pretexts mask your + falsehoods, your falsehoods confirm all my suspicions; you are + deceiving me, madame, and it is your intention to dishonour me. My + cousin, who saw through you better than I did before my wretched + marriage,—my cousin, whom you dislike and who is no whit afraid + of you,—informs me that, under the pretext of going to keep + Madame de la Valliere company, you never stir from her apartments + during the time allotted to her by the King, that is to say, three + whole hours every evening. There you pose as sovereign arbiter; as + oracle, uttering a thousand divers decisions; as supreme purveyor of + news and gossip; the scourge of all who are absent; the complacent + promoter of scandal; the soul and the leader of sparkling + conversation. + </p> + <p> + One only of these ladies became ill, owing to an extremely favourable + confinement, from which she recovered a week ago. At the outset, the + King fought shy of your raillery, but in a thousand discreditable ways + you set your cap at him and forced him to pay you attention. If all + the letters written to me (all of them in the same strain) are not + preconcerted, if your misconduct is such as I am told it is, if you + have dishonoured and disgraced your husband, then, madame, expect all + that your excessive imprudence deserves. At this distance of two + hundred and fifty leagues I shall not trouble you with complaints and + vain reproaches; I shall collect all necessary information and + documentary evidence at headquarters; and, cost me what it may, I + shall bring action against you, before your parents, before a court of + law, in the face of public opinion, and before your protector, the + King. I charge you instantly to deliver up to me my child. My + unfortunate son comes of a race which never yet has had cause to blush + for disgrace such as this. What would he gain, except bad example, by + staying with a mother who has no virtue and no husband? Give him up to + me, and at once let Dupre, my valet, have charge of him until my + return. This latter will occur sooner than you think; and I shall shut + you up in a convent, unless you shut me up in the Bastille. + </p> + <p> + Your unfortunate husband, MONTESPAN. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The officious cousin to whom he alluded in this threatening letter had + been so bold as to sue for my hand, although possessed of no property. + Ever since that time he remained, as I knew, my enemy, though I did not + know, nor ever suspected, that such a man would find pleasure in spying + upon my actions and in effecting the irrevocable estrangement of a husband + and a wife, who until then had been mutually attached to each other. + </p> + <p> + The King, whose glance, though very sweet, is very searching, said to me + that evening, "Something troubles you; what is it?" He felt my pulse, and + perceived my great agitation. I showed him the letter just transcribed, + and his Majesty changed colour. + </p> + <p> + "It is a matter requiring caution and tact," added the prince after brief + meditation. "At any rate we can prevent his showing you any disrespect. + Give up the Marquis d'Antin to him," continued the King, after another + pause. "He is useless, perhaps an inconvenience, to you; and if deprived + of his child he might be driven to commit some desperate act." + </p> + <p> + "I would rather die!" I exclaimed, bursting into tears. + </p> + <p> + The King affectionately took hold of both my hands, and gently said: + </p> + <p> + "Very well, then, keep him yourself, and don't give him up." + </p> + <p> + As God is my witness, M. de Montespan had already neglected me for some + time before he left for the Pyrenees; and to me this sudden access of + fervour seemed singularly strange. But I am not easily hoodwinked; I + understood him far better and far quicker than he expected. The Marquis is + one of those vulgar-minded men who do not look upon a woman as a friend, a + companion, a frank, free associate, but as a piece of property or of + furniture, useful to his house, and which he has procured for that purpose + only. + </p> + <p> + I am told that in England a man is the absolute proprietor of his wife, + and that if he took her to the public market with a cord round her neck + and exhibited her for sale, such sale is perfectly valid in the eyes of + the law. Laws such as these inspire horror. Yet they should hardly + surprise one among a semibarbarous nation, which does nothing like other + peoples, and which deems itself authorised to place the censer in the + hands of its monarch, and its monarch in the hands of the headsman. + </p> + <p> + M. de Montespan came to Paris and instituted proceedings against me before + the Chatelet authorities. To the King he sent a letter full of + provocations and insults. To the Pope he sent a formal complaint, + accompanied by a most carefully prepared list of opinions which no lawyer + was willing to sign. For three whole months he tormented the Pope, in + order to induce him to annul our marriage. Of a truth, our Sovereign + Pontiff could have done nothing better, but in Rome justice and religion + always rank second to politics. The cardinals feared to offend a great + prince, and so they suffered me to remain the wife of my husband. When he + saw that on every side his voice was lost in the desert, and that the + King, being calmer and more prudent than he, did not deign to pick up the + glove, his folly reached its utmost limit. He went into the deepest + mourning ever seen. He draped his horses and carriages with black. He gave + orders for a funeral service to be held in his parish, which the whole + town and its suburbs were invited to attend. He declared, verbally and in + writing, that he no longer possessed a wife; that Madame de Montespan had + died of an attack of coquetry and ambition; and he talked of marrying + again when the year of mourning and of widowhood should be over. + </p> + <p> + His first outbursts of wrath were the source of much amusement to the + King, who naturally was on the side of decorum and averse to hostile + opinion. Pranks such as these seemed to him more a matter for mirth than + fear, and, on hearing the story of the catafalque, he laughingly said to + me, "Now that he has buried you, it is to be hoped that he will let you + repose in peace." But hearing each day of fresh absurdities, his Majesty + grew at last impatient. Luckily, M. de Montespan, perceiving that every + house had closed its doors to him, decided to close his own altogether and + travel abroad. + </p> + <p> + Not being of a vindictive disposition, I never would allow M. de Louvois + to shut him up in the Bastille. On the contrary I privately paid more than + fifty thousand crowns to defray his debts, being glad to render him some + good service in exchange for all the evil that he spoke of me. + </p> + <p> + I reflected that he had been my husband, my confidant, my friend; that his + only faults were bad temper, love of sport, and love of wine; that he + belonged to one of the very first families of France; and that, despite + all that was said, my son D'Antin certainly was nothing to the King, and + that the Marquis was his father. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER IV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de la Valliere Jealous.—The King Wishes All to Enjoy + Themselves.—The Futility of Fighting against Fate.—What is + Dead is Dead. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + MADEMOISELLE DE LA VALLIERE was tall, shapely, and extremely pretty, with + as sweet and even a temper as one could possibly imagine, which eminently + fitted her for dreamy, contemplative love-making, such as one reads of in + idyls and romances. She would willingly have spent her life in. + contemplating the King,—in loving and adoring him without ever + opening her mouth; and to her, the sweet silence of a tete-a-tete seemed + preferable to any conversation enlivened by wit. + </p> + <p> + The King's character was totally different. His imagination was vivid, and + mere love-making, however pleasant, bored him at last if the charm of + ready speech and ready wit were wanting. + </p> + <p> + I do not profess to be a prodigy, but those who know me do me the justice + to admit that where I am it is very difficult for boredom to find ever so + small a footing. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de la Valliere, after having begged me, and begged me often, + to come and help her to entertain the King, grew suddenly suspicious and + uneasy. She is candour itself, and one day, bursting into tears, she said + to me, in that voice peculiar to her alone, "For Heaven's sake, my good + friend, do not steal away the King's heart from me!" When mademoiselle + said this to me, I vow and declare in all honesty that her fears were + unfounded, and that (for my part at least) I had only just a natural + desire to gain the good-will of a great prince. My friendship for La + Valliere was so sincere, so thorough, that I often used to superintend + little details of her toilet and give her various little hints as to + attentive conduct of the sort which cements and revives attachments. I + even furnished her with news and gossip, composing for her a little + repertoire, of which, when needful, she made use. + </p> + <p> + But her star had set, and she had to show the world the touching spectacle + of love as true, as tender, and as disinterested as any that has ever been + in this world, followed by a repentance and an expiation far superior to + the sin, if sin it was. + </p> + <p> + Moreover, Mademoiselle de la Valliere never broke with me. She shed tears + in abundance, and wounded my heart a thousand times by the sight of her + grief and her distress. For her sake I was often fain to bid farewell to + her fickle lover, proud monarch though he was. But by breaking with him I + should not have reestablished La Valliere. The prince's violent passion + had changed to mere friendship, blended with esteem. To try and + resuscitate attachments of this sort is as if one should try to open the + grave and give life to the dead. God alone can work miracles such as + these. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER V. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Bragelonne, Officer of the Guards.—His Baleful Love.—His + Journey.—His Death. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Bragelonne was born for Mademoiselle de la Valliere. It was + this young officer, endowed with all perfections imaginable, whom Heaven + had designed for her, to complete her happiness. Despite his sincere, + incomparable attachment for her, she disdained him, preferring a king, who + soon afterwards wearied of her. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Bragelonne conceived a passion for the little La Valliere + as soon as he saw her at the Tuileries with Madame Henrietta of England, + whose maid of honour at first she was. Having made proof and declaration + of his tender love, Bragelonne was so bold as to ask her hand of the + princess. Madame caused her relatives to be apprised of this, and the + Marquise de Saint-Remy, her stepmother, after all necessary inquiries had + been made, replied that the fortune of this young man was as yet too + slender to permit him to think of having an establishment. + </p> + <p> + Grieved at this answer, but nothing daunted, Bragelonne conferred + privately with his lady-love, and told her of his hazardous project. This + project instantly to realise all property coming to him from his father, + and furnished with this capital, to go out, and seek his fortune in India + [West Indies. D.W.] + </p> + <p> + "You will wait for me, dearest one, will you not?" quoth he. "Heaven, that + is witness how ardently I long to make you happy, will protect me on my + journey and guard my ship. Promise me to keep off all suitors, the number + of whom will increase with your beauty. This promise, for which I desire + no other guarantee but your candour, shall sustain me in exile, and make + me count as nought my privations and my hardships." + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de la Beaume-le-Blanc allowed the Marquis to hope all that he + wished from her beautiful soul, and he departed, never imagining that one + could forget or set at nought so tender a love which had prompted so + hazardous an enterprise. + </p> + <p> + His journey proved thoroughly successful. He brought back with him + treasures from the New World; but of all his treasures the most precious + had disappeared. Restored once more to family and friends, he hastened to + the capital. Madame d'Orleans no longer resided at the Tuileries, which + was being enlarged by the King. + </p> + <p> + Bragelonne, in his impatience, asks everywhere for La Valliere. They tell + him that she has a charming house between Saint Germain, Lucienne, and + Versailles. He goes thither, laden with coral and pearls from the Indies. + He asks to have sight of his love. A tall Swiss repulses him, saying that, + in order to speak with Madame la Duchesse, it was absolutely necessary to + make an appointment. + </p> + <p> + At the same moment one of his friends rides past the gateway. They greet + each other, and in reply to his questioning, this friend informs him that + Mademoiselle de la Valliere is a duchess, that she is a mother, that she + is lapped in grandeur and luxury, and that she has as lover a king. + </p> + <p> + At this news, Bragelonne finds nothing further for him to do in this + world. He grasps his friend's hand, retires to a neighbouring wood, and + there, drawing his sword, plunges it into his heart,—a sad requital + for love so noble! + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER VI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + M. Fouquet.—His Mistake.—A Woman's Indiscretion May Cause the + Loss of a Great Minister.—The Castle of Vaux.—Fairy-land.—A + Fearful Awakening.—Clemency of the King. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + On going out into society, I heard everybody talking everywhere about M. + Fouquet. They praised his good-nature, his affability, his talents, his + magnificence, his wit. His post as Surintendant-General, envied by a + thousand, provoked indeed a certain amount of spite; yet all such vain + efforts on the part of mediocrity to slander him troubled him but little. + My lord the Cardinal (Mazarin. D.W.) was his support, and so long as the + main column stood firm, M. Fouquet, lavish of gifts to his protector, had + really nothing to fear. + </p> + <p> + This minister also largely profited by the species of fame to be derived + from men of letters. He knew their venality and their needs. His + sumptuous, well-appointed table was placed in grandiose fashion at their + disposal. Moreover, he made sure of their attachment and esteem by fees + and enormous pensions. The worthy La Fontaine nibbled like others at the + bait, and at any rate paid his share of the reckoning by the most profuse + gratitude. M. Fouquet had one great defect: he took it into his head that + every woman is devoid of will-power and of resistance if only one dazzle + her eyes with gold. Another prejudice of his was to believe, as an article + of faith, that, if possessed of gold and jewels, the most ordinary of men + can inspire affection. + </p> + <p> + Making this twofold error his starting-point as a principle that was + incontestable, he was wont to look upon every beautiful woman who happened + to appear on the horizon as his property acquired in advance. + </p> + <p> + At Madame's, he saw Mademoiselle de la Valliere, and instantly sent her + his vows of homage and his proposals. + </p> + <p> + To his extreme astonishment, this young beauty declined to understand such + language. Couched in other terms, he renewed his suit, yet apparently was + no whit less obscure than on the first occasion. Such a scandal as this + well-nigh put him to the blush, and he was obliged to admit that this + modest maiden either affected to be, or really was, utterly extraordinary. + </p> + <p> + Perhaps Mademoiselle de la Valliere ought to have had the generosity not + to divulge the proposals made to her; but she spoke about them, so + everybody said, and the King took a dislike to his minister. + </p> + <p> + Whatever the cause or the real motives for Fouquet's disgrace, it was + never considered unjust, and this leads me to tell the tale of his mad + folly at Vaux. + </p> + <p> + The two palaces built by Cardinal Mazarin and the castles built by + Cardinal Richelieu served as fine examples for M. Fouquet. He knew that + handsome edifices embellished the country, and that Maecenas has always + been held in high renown, because Maecenas built a good deal in his day. + </p> + <p> + He had just built, at great expense, in the neighbourhood of Melun, a + castle of such superb and elegant proportions that the fame of it had even + reached foreign parts. All that Fouquet lived for was show and pomp. To + have a fine edifice and not show it off was as if one only possessed a + kennel. + </p> + <p> + He spoke of the Castle of Vaux in the Queen's large drawing-room, and + begged their Majesties to honour by their presence a grand fete that he + was preparing for them. + </p> + <p> + To invite the royal family was but a trifling matter,—he required + spectators proportionate to the scale of decorations and on a par with the + whole spectacle; so he took upon himself to invite the entire Court to + Vaux. + </p> + <p> + On reaching Vaux-le-Vicomte, how great and general was our amazement! It + was not the well-appointed residence of a minister, it was not a human + habitation that presented itself to our view,—it was a veritable + fairy palace. All in this brilliant dwelling was stamped with the mark of + opulence and of exquisite taste in art. Marbles, balustrades, vast + staircases, columns, statues, groups, bas-reliefs, vases, and pictures + were scattered here and there in rich profusion, besides cascades and + fountains innumerable. The large salon, octagonal in shape, had a high, + vaulted ceiling, and its flooring of mosaic looked like a rich carpet + embellished with birds, butterflies, arabesques, fruits, and flowers. + </p> + <p> + On either side of the main edifice, and somewhat in the rear, the + architect had placed smaller buildings, yet all of them ornamented in the + same sumptuous fashion; and these served to throw the chateau itself into + relief. In these adjoining pavilions there were baths, a theatre, a + 'paume' ground, swings, a chapel, billiard-rooms, and other salons. + </p> + <p> + One noticed magnificent gilt roulette tables and sedan-chairs of the very + best make. There were elegant stalls at which trinkets were distributed to + the guests,—note-books, pocket-mirrors, gloves, knives, scissors, + purses, fans, sweetmeats, scents, pastilles, and perfumes of all kinds. + </p> + <p> + It was as if some evil fairy had prompted the imprudent minister to act in + this way, who, eager and impatient for his own ruin, had summoned his King + to witness his appalling system of plunder in its entirety, and had + invited chastisement. + </p> + <p> + When the King went out on to the balcony of his apartment to make a + general survey of the gardens and the perspective, he found everything + well arranged and most alluring; but a certain vista seemed to him spoiled + by whitish-looking clearings that gave too barren an aspect to the general + coup d'oeil. + </p> + <p> + His host readily shared this opinion. He at once gave the requisite + instructions, which that very night were executed by torchlight with the + utmost secrecy by all the workmen of the locality whose services at such + an hour it was possible to secure. + </p> + <p> + When next day the monarch stepped out on to his balcony, he saw a + beautiful green wood in place of the clearings with which on the previous + evening he had found fault. + </p> + <p> + Service more prompt or tasteful than this it was surely impossible to + have; but kings only desire to be obeyed when they command. + </p> + <p> + Fouquet, with airy presumption, expected thanks and praise. This, however, + was what he had to hear: "I am shocked at such expense!" + </p> + <p> + Soon afterwards the Court moved to Nantes; the ministers followed; M. + Fouquet was arrested. + </p> + <p> + His trial at the Paris Arsenal lasted several months. Proofs of his + defalcations were numberless. His family and proteges made frantic yet + futile efforts to save so great a culprit. The Commission sentenced him to + death, and ordered the confiscation of all his property. + </p> + <p> + The King, content to have made this memorable and salutary example, + commuted the death penalty, and M. Fouquet learned with gratitude that he + would have to end his days in prison. + </p> + <p> + Nor did the King insist upon the confiscation of his property, which went + to the culprit's widow and children, all that was retained being the + enormous sums which he had embezzled. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER VII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Close of the Queen-mother's Illness.—The Archbishop of Auch.—The + Patient's Resignation.—The Sacrament.—Court Ceremony for its + Reception.—Sage Distinction of Mademoiselle de Montpensier.—Her + Prudence at the Funeral. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + As the Queen-mother's malady grew worse, the Court left Saint Germain to + be nearer the experts and the Val-de-Grace, where the princess frequently + practised her devotions with members of the religious sisterhood that she + had founded. + </p> + <p> + Suddenly the cancer dried up, and the head physician declared that the + Queen was lost. + </p> + <p> + The Archbishop of Auch said to the King, "Sire, there is not an instant to + be lost; the Queen may die at any moment; she should be informed of her + condition, so that she may prepare herself to receive the Sacrament." + </p> + <p> + The King was troubled, for he dearly loved his mother. "Monsieur," he + replied, with emotion, "it is impossible for me to sanction your request. + My mother is resting calmly, and perhaps thinks that she is out of danger. + We might give her her death-blow." + </p> + <p> + The prelate, a man of firm, religious character, insisted, albeit + reverently, while the prince continued to object. Then the Archbishop + retorted, "It is not with nature or the world that we have here to deal. + We have to save a soul. I have done my duty, and filial tenderness will at + any rate bear the blame." + </p> + <p> + The King thereupon acceded to the churchman's wishes, who lost no time in + acquainting the patient with her doom. + </p> + <p> + Anne of Austria was grievously shocked at so terrible an announcement, but + she soon recovered her resignation and her courage; and M. d' Auch made + noble use of his eloquence when exhorting her to prepare for the change + that she dreaded. + </p> + <p> + A portable altar was put up in the room, and the Archbishop, assisted by + other clerics, went to fetch the Holy Sacrament from the church of Saint + Germain de l'Auxerrois in the Louvre parish. + </p> + <p> + The princes and princesses hereupon began to argue in the little closet as + to the proper ceremony to be observed on such occasions. Madame de + Motteville, lady-in-waiting to the Queen, being asked to give an opinion, + replied that, for the late King, the nobles had gone out to meet the Holy + Sacrament as far as the outer gate of the palace, and that it would be + wise to do this on the present occasion. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Montpensier interrupted the lady-in-waiting and those who + shared her opinion. "I cannot bring myself to establish such a precedent," + she said, in her usual haughty tone. "It is I who have to walk first, and + I shall only go half-way across the courtyard of the Louvre. It's quite + far enough for the Holy Wafer-box; what's the use of walking any further + for the Holy Sacrament?" + </p> + <p> + The princes and princesses were of her way of thinking, and the procession + advanced only to the limits aforesaid. + </p> + <p> + When the time came for taking the Sacred Heart to Val-de-Grace with the + funeral procession, Mademoiselle, in a long mourning cloak, said to the + Archbishop before everybody, "Pray, monsieur, put the Sacred Heart in the + best place, and sit you close beside it. I yield my rank up to you on the + present occasion." And, as the prelate protested, she added, "I shall be + very willing to ride in front on account of the malady from which she + died." And, without altering her resolution, she actually took her seat in + front. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER VIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Cardinal Mazarin.—Regency of Anne of Austria.—Her Perseverance + in Retaining Her Minister.—Mazarin Gives His Nieces in Marriage.—M. + de la Meilleraye.—The Cardinal's Festivities.—Madame de + Montespan's Luck at a Lottery. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Before taking holy orders, Cardinal Mazarin had served as an officer in + the Spanish army, where he had even won distinction. + </p> + <p> + Coming to France in the train of a Roman cardinal, he took service with + Richelieu, who, remarking in him all the qualities of a supple, + insinuating, artificial nature,—that is to say, the nature of a good + politician,—appointed him his private secretary, and entrusted him + with all his secrets, as if he had singled him out as his successor. + </p> + <p> + Upon the death of Richelieu, Mazarin did not scruple to avow that the + great Armand's sceptre had been a tyrant's sceptre and of bronze. By such + an admission he crept into the good graces of Louis XIII., who, himself + almost moribund, had shown how pleased he was to see his chief minister go + before him to the grave. + </p> + <p> + Louis XIII. being dead, his widow, Anne of Austria, in open Parliament + cancelled the monarch's testamentary depositions and constituted herself + Regent with absolute authority. Mazarin was her Richelieu. + </p> + <p> + In France, where men affect to be so gallant and so courteous, how is it + that when women rule their reign is always stormy and troublous? Anne of + Austria—comely, amiable, and gracious as she was—met with the + same brutal discourtesy which her sister-in-law, Marie de Medici, had been + obliged to bear. But gifted with greater force of intellect than that + queen, she never yielded aught of her just rights; and it was her strong + will which more than once astounded her enemies and saved the crown for + the young King. + </p> + <p> + They lampooned her, hissed her, and burlesqued her publicly at the + theatres, cruelly defaming her intentions and her private life. Strong in + the knowledge of her own rectitude, she faced the tempest without + flinching; yet inwardly her soul was torn to pieces. The barricading of + Paris, the insolence of M. le Prince, the bravado and treachery of + Cardinal de Retz, burnt up the very blood in her veins, and brought on her + fatal malady, which took the form of a hideous cancer. + </p> + <p> + Our nobility (who are only too glad to go and reign in Naples, Portugal, + or Poland) openly declared that no foreigner ought to hold the post of + minister in Paris. Despite his Roman purple, Mazarin was condemned to be + hanged. + </p> + <p> + The motive for this was some trifling tax which he had ordered to be + collected before this had been ratified by the magistrates and registered + in the usual way. + </p> + <p> + But the Queen knew how to win over the nobles. Her cardinal was recalled, + and the apathy of the Parisians put an end to these dissensions, from + which, one must admit, the people and the bourgeoisie got all the ills and + the nobility all the profits. + </p> + <p> + As comptroller of the list of benefices, M. le Cardinal allotted the + wealthiest abbeys of the realm to himself. + </p> + <p> + Having made himself an absolute master of finance, like M. Fouquet, he + amassed great wealth. He built a magnificent palace in Rome, and an + equally brilliant one in Paris, conferring upon himself the wealthy + governorships of various towns or provinces. He had a guard of honour + attached to his person, and a captain of the guard in attendance, just as + Richelieu had. + </p> + <p> + He married one of his nieces to the Prince of Mantua, another to the + Prince de Conti, a third to the Comte de Soissons, a fourth to the + Constable Colonna (an Italian prince), a fifth to the Duc de Mercoeur (a + blood relation of Henri IV.), and a sixth to the Duc de Bouillon. As to + Hortense, the youngest, loveliest of them all,—Hortense, the + beauteous-eyed, his charming favourite,—he appointed her his sole + heiress, and having given her jewelry and innumerable other presents, he + married her to the agreeable Duc de la Meilleraye, son of the marshal of + that name. + </p> + <p> + Society was much astonished when it came out that M. le Cardinal had + disinherited his own nephew, a man of merit, handing over his name, his + fortune, and his arms to a stranger. This was an error; in taking the name + and arms of Mazarin, young De la Meilleraye was giving up those which he + ought to have given up, and assuming those which it behove him to assume. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [De Mancini, Duc de Nevers, a relative of the last Duc de Nivernois. + He married, soon after, Madame de Montespan's niece.—Editor's + Note] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Nor did he retain the great possessions of the La Meilleraye family. + Herein, certainly, he did not consult his devotion; since the secret and + fatherly avowal of M. le Cardinal he had no right whatever to the estates + of this family. + </p> + <p> + Beneath the waving folds of his large scarlet robe, the Cardinal showed + such ease and certainty of address, that he never put one in mind of a + cardinal and a bishop. To such manners, however, one was accustomed; in a + leading statesman they were not unpleasant. + </p> + <p> + He often gave magnificent balls, at which he displayed all the + accomplishments of his nieces and the sumptuous splendour of his + furniture. At such entertainments, always followed by a grand banquet, he + was wont to show a liberality worthy of crowned heads. One day, after the + feast, he announced that a lottery would be held in his palace. + </p> + <p> + Accordingly, all the guests repaired to his superb gallery, which had just + been brilliantly decorated with paintings by Romanelli, and here, spread + out upon countless tables, we saw pieces of rare porcelain, scent-bottles + of foreign make, watches of every size and shape, chains of pearls or of + coral, diamond buckles and rings, gold boxes adorned by portraits set in + pearls or in emeralds, fans of matchless elegance,—in a word, all + the rarest and most costly things that luxury and fashion could invent. + </p> + <p> + The Queens distributed the tickets with every appearance of honesty and + good faith. But I had reason to remark, by what happened to myself, that + the tickets had been registered beforehand. The young Queen, who felt her + garter slipping off, came to me in order to tighten it. She handed me her + ticket to hold for a moment, and when she had fastened her garter, I gave + her back my ticket instead of her own. When the Cardinal from his dais + read out the numbers in succession, my number won a portrait of the King + set in brilliants, much to the surprise of the Queen-mother and his + Eminence; they could not get over it. + </p> + <p> + To me this lottery of the Rue Neuve-des-Petits-Changes + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [The gallery to which the Marquise alludes is to-day called the + Manuscript Gallery. It belongs to the Royal Library in the Rue de + Richelieu. Mazarin's house is now the Treasury.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + I brought good luck, and we often talked about it afterwards with the + King, regarding it as a sort of prediction or horoscope. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="p052" id="p052"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="p052.jpg (45K)" src="images/p052.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER IX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Marriage of Monsieur, the King's Brother.—His Hope of Mounting a + Throne.—His High-heeled Shoes.—His Dead Child.—Saint + Denis. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Monsieur would seem to have been created in order to set off his brother, + the King, and to give him the advantage of such relief. He is small in + stature and in character, being ceaselessly busied about trifles, details, + nothings. To his toilet and his mirror, he devotes far more time than a + pretty woman; he covers himself with scents, with laces, with diamonds. + </p> + <p> + He is passionately fond of fetes, large assemblies, and spectacular + displays. It was in order to figure as the hero of some such entertainment + that he suddenly resolved to get married. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle—the Grande Mademoiselle—Mademoiselle d'Eu, + Mademoiselle de Dombes, Mademoiselle de Montpensier, Mademoiselle de + Saint-Fargeau, Mademoiselle de la Roche-sur-Yon, Mademoiselle d'Orleans—had + come into the world twelve or thirteen years before he had, and they could + not abide each other. Despite such trifling differences, however, he + proposed marriage to her. The princess, than whom no one more determined + exists, answered, "You ought to have some respect for me; I refused two + crowned husbands the very day you were born." + </p> + <p> + So the Prince begged the Queen of England to give him her charming + daughter Henrietta, who, having come to France during her unfortunate + father's captivity, had been educated in Paris. + </p> + <p> + The Princess possessed an admirable admixture of grace and beauty, wit + being allied to great affability and good-nature; to all these natural + gifts she added a capacity and intelligence such as one might desire + sovereigns to possess. Her coquetry was mere amiability; of that I am + convinced. Being naturally vain, the Prince, her husband, made great use + at first of his consort's royal coat-of-arms. It was displayed on his + equipages and stamped all over his furniture. + </p> + <p> + "Do you know, madame," quoth he gallantly, one day, "what made me + absolutely desire to marry you? It was because you are a daughter and a + sister of the Kings of England. In your country women succeed to the + throne, and if Charles the Second and my cousin York were to die without + children (which is very likely), you would be Queen and I should be King." + </p> + <p> + "Oh, Sire, how wrong of you to imagine such a thing!" replied his wife; + "it brings tears to my eyes. I love my brothers more than I do myself. I + trust that they may have issue, as they desire, and that I may not have to + go back and live with those cruel English who slew my father-in-law." + </p> + <p> + The Prince sought to persuade her that a sceptre and a crown are always + nice things to have. "Yes," replied Henrietta slyly, "but one must know + how to wear them." + </p> + <p> + Soon after this, he again talked of his expectations, saying every minute, + "If ever I am King, I shall do so; if ever I am King, I shall order this; + if ever I am King," etc., etc. + </p> + <p> + "Let us hope, my good friend," replied the Princess, "that you won't be + King in England, where your gewgaws would make people call out after you; + nor yet in France, where they would think you too little, after the King." + </p> + <p> + At this last snub, Monsieur was much mortified. The very next day he + summoned his old bootmaker, Lambertin, and ordered him to put extra heels + two inches high to his shoes. Madame having told this piece of childish + folly to the King, he was greatly amused, and with a view to perplex his + brother, he had his own shoe-heels heightened, so that, beside his + Majesty, Monsieur still looked quite a little man. + </p> + <p> + The Princess gave premature birth to a child that was scarcely + recognisable; it had been dead in its mother's womb for at least ten days, + so the doctors averred. Monsieur le Duc d'Orleans, however, insisted upon + having this species of monstrosity baptised. + </p> + <p> + My sister, De Thianges, who is raillery personified, seeing how + embarrassed was the cure of Saint Cloud by the Prince's repeated requests + for baptism, gravely said to the cleric in an irresistibly comic fashion, + "Do you know, sir, that your refusal is contrary to all good sense and + good breeding, and that to infants of such quality baptism is never + denied?" + </p> + <p> + When this species of miscarriage had to be buried, as there was urgent + need to get rid of it, Monsieur uttered loud cries, and said that he had + written to his brother so that there might be a grand funeral service at + Saint Denis. + </p> + <p> + Of so absurd a proposal as this no notice was taken, which served to amaze + Monsieur for one whole month. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER X. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + M. Colbert.—His Origin.—He Unveils and Displays Mazarin's + Wealth.—The Monarch's Liberality.—Resentment of the Cardinal's + Heirs. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + A few moments before he died, Cardinal Mazarin, through strategy, not + through repentance, besought the King to accept a deed of gift whereby he + was appointed his universal legatee. Touched by so noble a resolve, the + King gave back the deed to his Eminence, who shed tears of emotion. + </p> + <p> + "Sire, I owe all to you," said the dying man to the young prince, "but I + believe that I shall pay off my debt by giving Colbert, my secretary, to + your Majesty. Faithful as he has been to me, so will he be to you; and + while he keeps watch, you may sleep. He comes from the noble family of + Coodber, of Scottish origin, and his sentiments are worthy of his + ancestors." + </p> + <p> + A few moments later the death-agony began, and M. Colbert begged the King + to listen to him in an embrasure. There, taking a pencil, he made out a + list of all the millions which the Cardinal had hidden away in various + places. The monarch bewailed his minister, his tutor, his friend, but so + astounding a revelation dried his tears. He affectionately thanked M. + Colbert, and from that day forward gave him his entire consideration and + esteem. + </p> + <p> + M. Colbert was diligent enough to seize upon the millions hidden at + Vincennes, the millions secreted in the old Louvre, at Courbevoie and the + other country seats. But the millions in gold, hidden in the bastions of + La Fere, fell into the hands of heirs, who, a few moments after the + commencement of the Cardinal's death-agony, sent off a valet post-haste. + </p> + <p> + The Cardinal's family pretended to know nothing of this affair; but they + could never bear M. Colbert nor any of his kinsfolk. The King, being of a + generous nature, distributed all this wealth in the best and most liberal + manner possible. M. Colbert told him to what use Mazarin meant to put all + these riches; he hoped to have prevailed upon the Conclave to elect him + Pope, with the concurrence of Spain, France, and the Holy Ghost. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Young Queen.—Her Portrait.—Her Whims.—Her Love for + the King.—Her Chagrin. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + MARIA THERESA, the King's new consort, was the daughter of the King of + Spain and Elizabeth of France, daughter of Henri IV. At the time of her + marriage she had lost her mother, and it was King Philip, Anne of + Austria's brother, who himself presented her to us at Saint Jean de Luz, + where he signed the peace-contract. The Spanish monarch admired his + nephew, the King, whose stalwart figure, comely face, and polished + manners, were, indeed, well calculated to excite surprise. + </p> + <p> + Anne of Austria had said to him, "My brother, my one fear during your + journey was lest your ailments and the hardships of travel should hinder + you from getting back here again." + </p> + <p> + "Was such your thought, sister?" replied the good man. "I would willingly + have come on foot, so as to behold with my own eyes the superb cavalier + that you and I are going to give to my daughter." + </p> + <p> + After the oath of peace had been sworn upon the Gospels, there was a + general presentation before the two Kings. Cantocarrero, the Castilian + secretary of state, presented the Spanish notabilities, while Cardinal + Mazarin, in his pontifical robes, presented the French. As he announced M. + de Turenne, the old King looked at him repeatedly. "There's one," quoth + he, "who has given me many a sleepless night." + </p> + <p> + M. de Turenne bowed respectfully, and both courts could perceive in his + simple bearing his unaffected modesty. + </p> + <p> + On leaving Spain and the King, young princess was moved to tears. Next day + she thought nothing of it at all. She was wholly engrossed by the + possession of such a King, nor was she at any pains to hide her glee from + us. + </p> + <p> + Of all her Court ladies I was the most youthful and, perhaps, the most + conspicuous. At the outset the Queen showed a wish to take me into her + confidence but it was the lady-in-waiting who would never consent to this. + </p> + <p> + When, at that lottery of the Cardinal's, I won the King's portrait, the + Queen-mother called me into her closet and desired to know how such a + thing could possibly have happened. I replied that, during the + garter-incident, the two tickets had got mixed. "Ah, in that case," said + the princess, "the occurrence was quite a natural one. So keep this + portrait, since it has fallen into your hands; but, for God's sake, don't + try and make yourself pleasant to my son; for you're only too fascinating + as it is. Look at that little La Valliere, what a mess she has got into, + and what chagrin she has caused my poor Maria Theresa!" + </p> + <p> + I replied to her Majesty that I would rather let myself be buried alive + than ever imitate La Valliere, and I said so then because that was really + what I thought. + </p> + <p> + The Queen-mother softened, and gave me her hand to kiss, now addressing me + as "madame," and anon as "my daughter." A few days afterwards she wished + to walk in the gallery with me, and said to me, "If God suffers me to + live, I will make you lady-in-waiting; be sure of that." + </p> + <p> + Anne of Austria was a tall, fine, dark woman, with brown eyes, like those + of the King. The Infanta, her niece, is a very pretty blonde, blue-eyed, + but short in stature. + </p> + <p> + To her slightest words the Queen-mother gives sense and wit; her + daughter-in-law's speeches and actions are of the simplest, most + commonplace kind. Were it not for the King, she would pass her life in a + dressing-gown, night-cap, and slippers. At Court ceremonies and on + gala-days, she never appears to be in a good humour; everything seems to + weigh her down, notably her diamonds. + </p> + <p> + However, she has no remarkable defect, and one may say that she is devoid + of goodness, just as she is devoid of badness. When coming among us, she + contrived to bring with her Molina, the daughter of her nurse, a sort of + comedy confidante, who soon gave herself Court airs, and who managed to + form a regular little Court of her own. Without her sanction nothing can + be obtained of the Queen. My lady Molina is the great, the small, and the + unique counsellor of the princess, and the King, like the others, remains + submissive to her decisions and her inspection. + </p> + <p> + French cookery, by common consent, is held to be well-nigh perfect in its + excellence; yet the Infanta could never get used to our dishes. The Senora + Molina, well furnished with silver kitchen utensils, has a sort of private + kitchen or scullery reserved for her own use, and there it is that the + manufacture takes place of clove-scented chocolate, brown soups and + gravies, stews redolent with garlic, capsicums, and nutmeg, and all that + nauseous pastry in which the young Infanta revels. + </p> + <p> + Ever since La Valliere's lasting triumph, the Queen seems to have got it + into her head that she is despised; and at table I have often heard her + say, "They will help themselves to everything, and won't leave me + anything." + </p> + <p> + I am not unjust, and I admit that a husband's public attachments are not + exactly calculated to fill his legitimate consort with joy. But, + fortunately for the Infanta, the King abounds in rectitude and + good-nature. This very good-nature it is which prompts him to use all the + consideration of which a noble nature is capable, and the more his amours + give the Queen just cause for anxiety, the more does he redouble his + kindness and consideration towards her. Of this she is sensible. Thus she + acquiesces, and, as much through tenderness as social tact, she never + reproaches or upbraids him with anything. Nor does the King scruple to + admit that, to secure so good-natured a partner, it is well worth the + trouble of going to fetch her from the other end of the world. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de la Valliere Becomes Duchess.—Her Family is Resigned.—Her + Children Recognised by the King.—Madame Colbert Their Governess.—The + King's Passion Grows More Serious.—Love and Friendship. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Out of affection and respect for the Queen-mother, the King had until then + sought to conceal the ardour of his attachment for Mademoiselle de la + Valliere. It was after the six months of mourning that he shook off all + restraint, showing that, like any private person, he felt himself master + of his actions and his inclinations. + </p> + <p> + He gave the Vaujours estate to his mistress, after formally constituting + it a duchy, and, owing to the two children of his duchy, Mademoiselle de + la Valliere assumed the title of Duchess. What a fuss she made at this + time! All that was styled disinterestedness, modesty. Not a bit of it. It + was pusillanimity and a sense of servile fear. La Valliere would have + liked to enjoy her handsome lover in the shade and security of mystery, + without exposing herself to the satire of courtiers and of the public, + and, above all, to the reproaches of her family and relatives, who nearly + all were very devout. + </p> + <p> + On this head, however, she soon saw that such fears were exaggerated. The + Marquise de Saint-Remy was but slightly scandalised at what was going on. + She and the Marquis de Saint-Remy, her second husband, strictly proper + though they were, came to greet their daughter when proclaimed duchess. + And when, a few days afterwards, the King declared the rank of the two + children to the whole of assembled Parliament, the two families of + Saint-Remy and La Valliere offered congratulations to the Duchess, and + received those of all Paris. + </p> + <p> + M. Colbert, who owed everything to the King, entrusted Madame Colbert with + the education of the new prince and princess; they were brought up under + the eyes of this statesman, who for everything found time and + obligingness. The girl, lovely as love itself, took the name of + Mademoiselle de Blois, while to her little brother was given the title of + Comte de Vermandois. + </p> + <p> + It was just about this time that I noticed the beginning of the monarch's + serious attachment for me. Till then it had been only playful badinage, + good-humoured teasing, a sort of society play, in which the King was + rehearsing his part as a lover. I was at length bound to admit that chaff + of this sort might end in something serious, and his Majesty begged me to + let him have La Valliere for some time longer. + </p> + <p> + I have already said that, while becoming her rival, I still remained her + friend. Of this she had countless proofs, and when, at long intervals, I + saw her again in her dismal retreat, her good-nature, unchanging as this + was, caused her to receive and welcome me as one welcomes those one loves. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + First Vocation of Mademoiselle de la Valliere.—The King Surprises + His Mistress.—She is Forced to Retire to a Convent.—The King + Hastens to Take Her Back.—She Was Not Made for Court Life.—Her + Farewell to the King.—Sacrifice.—The Abbe de Bossuet. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + What I am now about to relate, I have from her own lips, nor am I the only + one to whom she made such recitals and avowals. + </p> + <p> + Her father died when she was quite young, and, when dying, foresaw that + his widow, being without fortune or constancy, would ere long marry again. + To little Louise he was devotedly attached. Ardently embracing her, he + addressed her thus: + </p> + <p> + "In losing me, my poor little Louise, you lose all. What little there is + of my inheritance ought, undoubtedly, to belong to you; but I know your + mother; she will dispose of it. If my relatives do not show the interest + in you which your fatherless state should inspire, renounce this world + soon, where, separated from your father, there exists for you but danger + and misfortune. Two of my ancestors left their property to the nuns of + Saint Bernard at Gomer-Fontaines, as they are perfectly well aware. Go to + them in all confidence; they will receive you without a dowry even; it is + their duty to do so. If, disregarding my last counsel, you go astray in + the world, from the eternal abodes on high I will watch over you; I will + appear to you, if God empower me to do so; and, at any rate, from time to + time I will knock at the door of your heart to rouse you from your baleful + slumber and draw your attention to the sweet paths of light that lead to + God." + </p> + <p> + This speech of a dying father was graven upon the heart of a young girl + both timid and sensitive. She never forgot it; and it needed the fierce, + inexplicable passion which took possession of her soul to captivate her + and carry her away so far. + </p> + <p> + Before becoming attached to the King, she opened out her heart to me with + natural candour; and whenever in the country she observed the turrets or + the spire of a monastery, she sighed, and I saw her beautiful blue eyes + fill with tears. + </p> + <p> + She was maid of honour to the Princess Henrietta of England, and I filled + a like office. Our two companions, being the most quick-witted, durst not + talk about their love-affairs before Louise, so convinced were we of her + modesty, and almost of her piety. + </p> + <p> + In spite of that, as she was gentle, intelligent, and well-bred, the + Princess plainly preferred her to the other three. In temperament they + suited each other to perfection. + </p> + <p> + The King frequently came to the Palais Royal, where the bright, pleasant + conversation of his sister-in-law made amends for the inevitable boredom + which one suffered when with the Queen. + </p> + <p> + Being brought in such close contact with the King, who in private life is + irresistibly attractive, Mademoiselle de la Valliere conceived a violent + passion for him; yet, owing to modesty or natural timidity, it was plain + that she carefully sought to hide her secret. One fine night she and two + young persons of her own age were seated under a large oak-tree in the + grounds of Saint Germain. The Marquis de Wringhen, seeing them in the + moonlight, said to the King, who was walking with him, "Let us turn aside, + Sire, in this direction; yonder there are three solitary nymphs, who seem + waiting for fairies or lovers." Then they noiselessly approached the tree + that I have mentioned, and lost not a word of all the talk in which the + fair ladies were engaged. + </p> + <p> + They were discussing the last ball at the chateau. One extolled the charms + of the Marquis d'Alincour, son of Villeroi; the second mentioned another + young nobleman; while the third frankly expressed herself in these terms: + </p> + <p> + "The Marquis d'Alincour and the Prince de Marcillac are most charming, no + doubt, but, in all conscience, who could be interested in their merits + when once the King appeared in their midst? + </p> + <p> + "Oh, oh!" cried the two others, laughing, "it's strange to hear you talk + like that; so, one has to be a king in order to merit your attention?" + </p> + <p> + "His rank as king," replied Mademoiselle de la Valliere, "is not the + astonishing part about him; I should have recognised it even in the simple + dress of a herdsman." + </p> + <p> + The three chatterers then rose and went back to the chateau. Next day, the + King, wholly occupied with what he had overheard on the previous evening, + sat musing on a sofa at his sister-in-law's, when all at once the voice of + Mademoiselle de la Beaume-le-Blanc smote his ear and brought trouble to + his heart. He saw her, noticed her melancholy look, thought her lovelier + than the loveliest, and at once fell passionately in love. + </p> + <p> + They soon got to understand one another, yet for a long while merely + communicated by means of notes at fetes, or during the performance of + allegorical ballets and operettas, the airs in which sufficiently + expressed the nature of such missives. + </p> + <p> + In order to put the Queen-mother off the scent and screen La Valliere, the + King pretended to be in love with Mademoiselle de la Mothe-Houdancour, one + of the Queen's maids of honour. He used to talk across to her out of one + of the top-story windows, and even wished her to accept a present of + diamonds. But Madame de Navailles, who took charge of the maids of honour, + had gratings put over the top-story windows, and La Mothe-Houdancour was + so chagrined by the Queen's icy manner towards her that she withdrew to a + convent. As to the Duchesse de Navailles and her husband, they got rid of + their charges and retired to their estates, where great wealth and freedom + were their recompense after such pompous Court slavery. + </p> + <p> + The Queen-mother was still living; unlike her niece, she was not + blindfold. The adventure of Mademoiselle de la Mothe-Houdancour seemed to + her just what it actually was,—a subterfuge; as she surmised, it + could only be La Valliere. Having discovered the name of her confessor, + the Queen herself went in disguise to the Theatin Church, flung herself + into the confessional where this man officiated, and promised him the sum + of thirty thousand francs for their new church if he would help her to + save the King. + </p> + <p> + The Theatin promised to do what the Queen thus earnestly desired, and when + his fair penitent came to confess, he ordered her at once to break off her + connection with the Court as with the world, and to shut herself up in a + convent. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de la Valliere shed tears, and sought to make certain + remarks, but the confessor, a man of inflexible character, threatened her + with eternal damnation, and he was obeyed. + </p> + <p> + Beside herself with grief, La Valliere left by another door, so as to + avoid her servants and her coach. She recollected seeing a little convent + of hospitalieres at Saint Cloud; she went thither on foot, and was + cordially welcomed by these dames. + </p> + <p> + Next day it was noised abroad in the chateau that she had been carried off + by order of the Queen-mother. During vespers the King seemed greatly + agitated, and no sooner had the preacher ascended the pulpit than he rose + and disappeared. + </p> + <p> + The confusion of the two Queens was manifest; no one paid any heed to the + preacher; he scarcely knew where he was. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="p074" id="p074"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="p074.jpg (88K)" src="images/p074.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile the conquering King had started upon his quest. Followed by a + page and a carriage and pair, he first went to Chaillot, and then to Saint + Cloud, where he rang at the entrance of the modest abode which harboured + his friend. The nun at the turnstile answered him harshly, and denied him + an audience. It is true, he only told her he was a cousin or a relative. + </p> + <p> + Seeing that this nun was devoid of sense and of humanity, he bethought + himself of endeavouring to persuade the gardener, who lived close to the + monastery. He slipped several gold pieces into his hand, and most politely + requested him to go and tell the Lady Superior that he had come thither on + behalf of the King. + </p> + <p> + The Lady Superior came down into the parlour, and recognising the King + from a superb miniature, besought him of his grandeur to interest himself + in this young lady of quality, devoid of means and fatherless, and + consented, moreover, to give her up to him, since as King he so commanded. + </p> + <p> + Louise de la Beaume-le-Blanc obeyed the King, or in other words, the + dictates of her own heart, imprudently embarking upon a career of passion, + for which a temperament wholly different from hers was needed. It is not + simple-minded maidens that one wants at Court to share the confidence of + princes. No doubt natures of that sort—simple, disinterested souls + are pleasant and agreeable to them, as therein they find contentment such + as they greedily prize; but for these unsullied, romantic natures, + disillusion, trickery alone is in store. And if Mademoiselle de la + Beaumele-Blanc had listened to me, she might have turned matters to far + better account; nor, after yielding up her youth to a monarch, would she + have been obliged to end, her days in a prison. + </p> + <p> + The King no longer visited her as his mistress, but trusted and esteemed + her as a friend and as the mother of his two pretty children. + </p> + <p> + One day, in the month of April, 1674, his Majesty, while in the gardens, + received the following letter, which one of La Valliere's pages proffered + him on bended knee: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + SIRE:—To-day I am leaving forever this palace, whither the + cruellest of fatalities summoned my youth and inexperience. Had I not + met you, my heart would have loved seclusion, a laborious life, and my + kinsfolk. An imperious inclination, which I could not conquer, gave me + to you, and, simple, docile as I was by nature, I believed that my + passion would always prove to me delicious, and that your love would + never die. In this world nothing endures. My fond attachment has + ceased to have any charm for you, and my heart is filled with dismay. + This trial has come from God; of this my reason and my faith are + convinced. God has felt compassion for my unspeakable grief. That + which for long past I have suffered is greater than human force can + bear; He is going to receive me into His home of mercy. He promises me + both healing and peace. + </p> + <p> + In this theatre of pomp and perfidy I have only stayed until such a + moment as my daughter and her youthful brother might more easily do + without me. You will cherish them both; of that I have no doubt. Guide + them, I beseech you, for the sake of your own glory and their + well-being. May your watchful care sustain them, while their mother, + humbled and prostrate in a cloister, shall commend them to Him who + pardons all. + </p> + <p> + After my departure, show some kindness to those who were my servants + and faithful domestics, and deign to take back the estates and + residences which served to support me in my frivolous grandeur, and + maintain the celebrity that I deplore. + </p> + <p> + Adieu, Sire! Think no more about me, lest such a feeling, to which my + imagination might but all too readily lend itself, only beget links of + sympathy in my heart which conscience and repentance would fain + destroy. + </p> + <p> + If God call me to himself, young though yet I am, He will have granted + my prayers; if He ordain me to live for a while longer in this desert + of penitence, it will never compensate for the duration of my error, + nor for the scandal of which I have been the cause. + </p> + <p> + Your subject from this time forth, LOUISE DE LA VALLIERE. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The King had not been expecting so desperate a resolve as this, nor did he + feel inclined to hinder her from making it. He left the Portuguese + ambassador, who witnessed his agitation, and hastened to Madame de la + Valliere's, who had left her apartments in the castle at daybreak. He shed + tears, being kind of heart and convinced that a body so graceful and so + delicate would never be able to resist the rigours and hardships of so + terrible a life. + </p> + <p> + The Carmelite nuns of the Rue Saint Jacques loudly proclaimed this + conversion, and in their vanity gladly received into their midst so modest + and distinguished a victim, driven thither through sheer despair. + </p> + <p> + The ceremony which these dames call "taking the dress" attracted the + entire Court to their church. The Queen herself desired to be present at + so harrowing a spectacle, and by a curious contradiction, of which her + capricious nature is capable, she shed floods of tears. La Valliere seemed + gentler, lovelier, more modest and more seductive than ever. In the midst + of the grief and tears which her courageous sacrifice provoked, she never + uttered a single sigh, nor did she change colour once. Hers was a nature + made for extremes; like Caesar, she said to herself, "Either Rome or + nothing!" + </p> + <p> + The Abbe de Bossuet, who had been charged to preach the sermon of + investiture, showed a good deal of wit by exhibiting none at all. The King + must have felt indebted to him for such reserve. Into his discourse he had + put mere vague commonplaces, which neither touch nor wound any one; + honeyed anathemas such as these may even pass for compliments. + </p> + <p> + This prelate has won for himself a great name and great wealth by words. A + proof of his cleverness exists in his having lived in grandeur, opulence, + and worldly happiness, while making people believe that he condemned such + things. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Story of the Queen-mother's Marriage with Cardinal Mazarin Published in + Holland. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Despite the endeavours made by the ministers concerning the pamphlet or + volume about which I am going to speak, neither they nor the King + succeeded in quashing a sinister rumour and an opinion which had taken + deep root among the people. Ever since this calumny it believes—and + will always believe—in the twin brother of Louis XIV., suppressed, + one knows not why, by his mother, just as one believes in fairy-tales and + novels. This false rumour, invented by far-seeing folk, is that which has + most affected the King. I will recount the manner in which it reached him. + </p> + <p> + Since the disorder and insolence of the Fronde, this prince did not like + to reside in the capital; he soon invented pretexts for getting away from + it. The chateau of the Tuileries, built by Catherine de Medici at some + distance from the Louvre, was, really speaking, only a little + country-house and Trianon. The King conceived the plan of uniting this + structure with his palace at the Louvre, extending it on the Saint Roch + side and also on the side of the river, and this being settled, the Louvre + gallery would be carried on as far as the southern angle of the new + building, so as to form one whole edifice, as it now appears. + </p> + <p> + While these alterations were in progress, the Court quitted the Louvre and + the capital, and took up its permanent residence at Saint Germain. + </p> + <p> + Though ceasing to make a royal residence and home of Paris, his Majesty + did not omit to pay occasional visits to the centre of the capital. He + came incognito, sometimes on horseback, sometimes in a coach, and usually + went about the streets on foot. On these occasions he was dressed + carelessly, like any ordinary young man, and the better to ensure a + complete disguise, he kept continually changing either the colour of his + moustache or the colour and cut of his clothes. One evening, on leaving + the opera, just as he was about to open his carriage door, a man + approached him with a great air of mystery, and tendering a pamphlet, + begged him to buy it. To get rid of the importunate fellow, his Majesty + purchased the book, and never glanced at its contents until the following + day. + </p> + <p> + Imagine his surprise and indignation! The following was the title of his + purchase: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + "Secret and Circumstantial Account of the Marriage of Anne of Austria, + Queen of France, with the Abbe Jules Simon Mazarin, Cardinal of the + Holy Roman Church. A new edition, carefully revised. Amsterdam." + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Grave and phlegmatic by nature, the King was always master of his + feelings, a sign, this, of the noble-minded. He shut himself up in his + apartment, so as to be quite alone, and hastily perused the libellous + pamphlet. + </p> + <p> + According to the author of it, King Louis XIII., being weak and languid, + and sapped moreover by secret poison, had not been able to beget any + heirs. The Queen, who secretly was Mazarin's mistress, had had twins by + the Abbe, only the prettier of the two being declared legitimate. The + other twin had been entrusted to obscure teachers, who, when it was time, + would give him up. + </p> + <p> + The princess, so the writer added, stung by qualms of conscience, had + insisted upon having her guilty intimacy purified by the sacrament of + marriage, to which the prime minister agreed. Then, mentioning the names + of such and such persons as witnesses, the book stated that "this marriage + was solemnised on a night in February, 1643, by Cardinal de + Sainte-Suzanne, a brother and servile creature of Mazarin's." + </p> + <p> + "This explains," added the vile print, "the zeal, perseverance, and + foolish ardour of the Queen Regent in defending her Italian against the + just opposition of the nobles, against the formal charges of the + magistrates, against the clamorous outcry, not only of Parisians, but of + all France. This explains the indifference, or rather the firm resolve, on + Mazarin's part; never to take orders, but to remain simply 'tonsure' or + 'minore',—he who controls at least forty abbeys, as well as a + bishopric. + </p> + <p> + "Look at the young monarch," it continued, "and consider how closely he + resembles his Eminence, the same haughty glance; the same uncontrolled + passion for pompous buildings, luxurious dress and equipages; the same + deference and devotion to the Queen-mother; the same independent customs, + precepts, and laws; the same aversion for the Parisians; the same + resentment against the honest folk of the Fronde." + </p> + <p> + This final phrase easily disclosed its origin; nor upon this point had his + Majesty the slightest shadow of a doubt. + </p> + <p> + The same evening he sent full instructions to the lieutenant-general of + police, and two days afterwards the nocturnal vendor of pamphlets found + himself caught in a trap. + </p> + <p> + The King wished him to be brought to Saint Germain, so that he might + identify him personally; and, as he pretended to be half-witted or an + idiot, he was thrown half naked into a dungeon. His allowance of dry bread + diminished day by day, at which he complained, and it was decided to make + him undergo this grim ordeal. + </p> + <p> + Under the pressure of hunger and thirst, the prisoner at length made a + confession, and mentioned a bookseller of the Quartier Latin, who, under + the Fronde, had made his shop a meeting-place for rebels. + </p> + <p> + The bookseller, having been put in the Bastille, and upon the same diet as + his salesman, stated the name of the Dutch printer who had published the + pamphlet. They sought to extract more from him, and reduced his diet with + such severity that he disclosed the entire secret. + </p> + <p> + This bookseller, used to a good square meal at home, found it impossible + to tolerate the Bastille fare much longer. Bound hand and foot, at his + final cross-examination he confessed that the work had emanated from the + Cardinal de Retz, or certain of his party. + </p> + <p> + He was condemned to three years' imprisonment, and was obliged to sell his + shop and retire to the provinces. + </p> + <p> + I once heard M. de Louvois tell this tale, and use it as a means of + silencing those who regretted the absence of the exiled + Cardinal-archbishop. + </p> + <p> + As to the libellous pamphlet itself, the clumsy nature of it was only too + plain, for the King is no more like Mazarin than he is like the King of + Ethiopia. On the contrary, one can easily distinguish in the general + effect of his features a very close resemblance to King Louis XIII. + </p> + <p> + The libellous pamphlet stated that, on the occasion of the Infanta's first + confinement, twins were born, and that the prettier of the two had been + adopted, another blunder, this, of the grossest kind. A book of this sort + could deceive only the working class and the Parisian lower orders, for + folk about the Court, and even the bourgeoisie, know that it is impossible + for a queen to be brought to bed in secret. Unfortunately for her, she has + to comply with the most embarrassing rules of etiquette. She has to bear + her final birth-pangs under an open canopy, surrounded at no great + distance by all the princes of the blood; they are summoned thither, and + they have this right so as to prevent all frauds, subterfuges, or + impositions. + </p> + <p> + When the King found the seditious book in question, the Queen, his mother, + was ill and in pain; every possible precaution was taken to prevent her + from hearing the news, and the lieutenant-general of police, having + informed the King that two-thirds of the edition had been seized close to + the Archbishop's palace, orders were given to burn all these horrible + books by night, in the presence of the Marquis de Beringhen, appointed + commissioner on this occasion. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Monsieur le Duc d'Orleans Wishes to be Governor of a Province.—The + King's Reply.—He Requires a Fauteuil for His Wife.—Another + Excellent Answer of the King's. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + In marrying Monsieur, the King consulted only his well-known generosity, + and the richly equipped household which he granted to this prince should + assuredly have made him satisfied and content. The Chevalier de Lorraine + and the Chevalier de Remecourt, two pleasant and baneful vampires whom + Monsieur could refuse nothing, put it into his head that he should make + himself feared, so as to lead his Majesty on to greater concessions, which + they were perfectly able to turn to their own enjoyment and profit. + </p> + <p> + Monsieur began by asking for the governorship of a province; in reply he + was told that this could not be, seeing that such appointments were never + given to French princes, brothers of the King. + </p> + <p> + Monsieur le Duc d'Orleans hastened to point out that Gaston, son of Henri + IV., had had such a post, and that the Duc de Verneuil, natural son of the + same Henri, had one at the present time. + </p> + <p> + "That is true," replied the King, "but from my youth upward you have + always heard me condemn such innovations, and you cannot expect me to do + the very thing that I have blamed others for doing. If ever you were + minded, brother, to rebel against my authority, your first care would, + undoubtedly, be to withdraw to your province, where, like Gaston, your + uncle, you would have to raise troops and money. Pray do not weary me with + indiscretions of this sort; and tell those people who influence you to + give you better advice for the future." + </p> + <p> + Somewhat abashed, the Duc d'Orleans affirmed that what he had said and + done was entirely of his own accord. + </p> + <p> + "Did you speak of your own accord," said the King, "when insisting upon + being admitted to the privy council? Such a thing can no longer be + allowed. You inconsiderately expressed two different opinions, and since + you cannot control your tongue, which is most undoubtedly your own, I have + no power over it,—I, to whom it does not want to belong." + </p> + <p> + Then Monsieur le Duc d'Orleans added that these two refusals would seem + less harsh, less painful to him, if the King would grant a seat in his own + apartments, and in those of the Queen, to the Princess, his wife, who was + a king's daughter. + </p> + <p> + "No, that cannot be," replied his Majesty, "and pray do not insist upon + it. It is not I who have established the present customs; they existed + long before you or me. It is in your interest, brother, that the majesty + of the throne should not be weakened or altered; and if, from Duc + d'Orleans, you one day become King of France, I know you well enough to + believe that you would never be lax in this matter. Before God, you and I + are exactly the same as other creatures that live and breathe; before men + we are seemingly extraordinary beings, greater, more refined, more + perfect. The day that people, abandoning this respect and veneration which + is the support and mainstay of monarchies,—the day that they regard + us as their equals,—all the prestige of our position will be + destroyed. Bereft of beings superior to the mass, who act as their leaders + and supports, the laws will only be as so many black lines on white paper, + and your armless chair and my fauteuil will be two pieces of furniture of + the selfsame importance. Personally, I should like to gratify you in every + respect, for the same blood flows in our veins, and we have loved each + other from the cradle upwards. Ask of me things that are practicable, and + you shall see that I will forestall your wishes. Personally, I daresay I + care less about honorary distinctions than you do, and in Cabinet matters + I am always considered to be simpler and more easy to deal with than such + and such a one. One word more, and I have done. I will nominate you to the + governorship of any province you choose, if you will now consent in + writing to let proceedings be taken against you, just as against any + ordinary gentleman, in case there should be sedition in your province, or + any kind of disorder during your administration." + </p> + <p> + Hereupon young Philippe began to smile, and he begged the King to embrace + him. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Arms and Livery of Madame de Montespan.—Duchess or Princess.—Fresh + Scandal Caused by the Marquis.—The Rue Saint Honore Affair.—M. + de Ronancour.—Separation of Body and Estate. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + When leaving, despite himself, for the provinces, M. de Montespan wrote me + a letter full of bitter insults, in which he ordered me to give up his + coat-of-arms, his livery, and even his name. + </p> + <p> + This letter I showed to the King. For a while he was lost in thought, as + usual on such occasions, and then he said to me: + </p> + <p> + "There's nothing extraordinary about the fellow's livery. Put your + servants into pale orange with silver lace. Assume your old crest of + Mortemart, and as regards name, I will buy you an estate with a pretty + title." + </p> + <p> + "But I don't like pale orange," I instantly replied; "if I may, I should + like to choose dark blue, and gold lace, and as regards crest, I cannot + adopt my father's crest, except in lozenge form, which could not seriously + be done. As it is your gracious intention to give me the name of an + estate, give me (for to you everything is easy) a duchy like La Valliere, + or, better still, a principality." + </p> + <p> + The King smiled, and answered, "It shall be done, madame, as you wish." + </p> + <p> + The very, next day I went into Paris to acquaint my lawyer with my + intentions. Several magnificent estates were just then in the market, but + only marquisates, counties, or baronies! Nothing illustrious, nothing + remarkable! Duhamel assured me that the estate of Chabrillant, belonging + to a spendthrift, was up for sale. + </p> + <p> + "That," said he, "is a sonorous name, the brilliant renown of which would + only be enhanced by the title of princess." + </p> + <p> + Duhamel promised to see all his colleagues in this matter, and to find me + what I wanted without delay. + </p> + <p> + I quitted Paris without having met or recognised anybody, when, about + twenty paces at the most beyond the Porte Saint Honor, certain sergeants + or officials of some sort roughly stopped my carriage and seized my + horses' bridles "in the King's name." + </p> + <p> + "In the King's name?" I cried, showing myself at the coach door. + </p> + <p> + "Insolent fellows! How dare you thus take the King's name in vain?" At the + same time I told my coachman to whip up his horses with the reins and to + drive over these vagabonds. At a word from me the three footmen jumped + down and did their duty by dealing out lusty thwacks to the sergeants. A + crowd collected, and townsfolk and passers-by joined in the fray. + </p> + <p> + A tall, fine-looking man, wrapped in a dressing-gown, surveyed the tumult + like a philosopher from his balcony overhead. I bowed graciously to him + and besought him to come down. He came, and in sonorous accents exclaimed: + </p> + <p> + "Ho, there! serving-men of my lady, stop fighting, will you? And pray, + sergeants, what is your business?" + </p> + <p> + "It is a disgrace," cried they all, as with one breath. "Madame lets her + scoundrelly footmen murder us, despite the name of his Majesty, which we + were careful to utter at the outset of things. Madame is a person (as + everybody in France now knows) who is in open revolt against her husband; + she has deserted him in order to cohabit publicly with some one else. Her + husband claims his coach, with his own crest and armorial bearings + thereon, and we are here for the purpose of carrying out the order of one + of the judges of the High Court." + </p> + <p> + "If that be so," replied the man in the dressing-gown, "I have no + objection to offer, and though madame is loveliness itself, she must + suffer me to pity her, and I have the honour of saluting her." + </p> + <p> + So saying, he made me a bow and left me, without help of any sort, in the + midst of this crazy rabble. + </p> + <p> + I was inconsolable. My coachman, the best fellow in the world, called out + to him from the top of his bog, "Monsieur, pray procure help for my + mistress,—for Madame la Marquise de Montespan." + </p> + <p> + No sooner had he uttered these words than the gentleman came back again, + while, among the lookers-on, some hissing was heard. He raised both hands + with an air of authority, and speaking with quite incredible vehemence and + fire, he successfully harangued the crowd. + </p> + <p> + "Madame does not refuse to comply with the requirements of justice," he + added firmly; "but madame, a member of the Queen's household, is returning + to Versailles, and cannot go thither on foot, or in some tumbledown + vehicle. So I must beg these constables or sergeants (no matter which) to + defer their arrest until to-morrow, and to accept me as surety. The French + people is the friend of fair ladies; and true Parisians are incapable of + harming or of persecuting aught that is gracious and beautiful." + </p> + <p> + All those present, who at first had hissed, replied to this speech by + cries of "Bravo!" One of my men, who had been wounded in the scuffle, had + his hand all bloody. A young woman brought some lavender-water, and bound + up the wound with her white handkerchief, amid loud applause from the + crowd, while I bowed my acknowledgments and thanks. + </p> + <p> + The King listened with interest to the account of the adventure that I + have just described, and wished to know the name of the worthy man who had + acted as my support and protector. His name was De Tarcy-Ronancour. The + King granted him a pension of six thousand francs, and gave the Abbey of + Bauvoir to his daughter. + </p> + <p> + As for me, I kept insisting with might and main for a separation of body + and estate, which alone could put an end to all my anxiety. When a decree + for such separation was pronounced at the Chatelet, and registered + according to the rules, I set about arranging an appanage which, from the + very first day, had seemed to me absolutely necessary for my position. + </p> + <p> + As ill-luck would have it, the judges left me the name of Montespan, which + to my husband was so irksome, and to myself also; and the King, despite + repeated promises, never relieved me of a name that it was very difficult + to bear. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 2. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Monsieur's Jealousy.—Diplomacy.—Discretion.—The + Chevalier de Lorraine's Revenge.—The King's Suspicions.—His + Indignation.—Public Version of the Matter.—The Funeral Sermon. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + After six months of wedlock, Henrietta of England had become so beautiful + that the King drew every one's attention to this change, as if he were not + unmindful of the fact that he had given this charming person to his + brother instead of reserving her for himself by marrying her. + </p> + <p> + Between cousins german attentions are permissible. The Court, however, was + not slow to notice the attentions paid by the King to this young English + princess, and Monsieur, wholly indifferent though he was as regarded his + wife, deemed it a point of honour to appear offended thereat. Ever a slave + to the laws of good breeding, the King showed much self-sacrifice in + curbing this violent infatuation of his. (I was Madame's maid of honour at + the time.) As he contemplated a Dutch expedition, in which the help of + England would have counted for much, he resolved to send a negotiator to + King Charles. The young Princess was her brother's pet; it was upon her + that the King's choice fell. + </p> + <p> + She crossed the Channel under the pretext of paying a flying visit to her + native country and her brother, but, in reality, it was to treat of + matters of the utmost importance. + </p> + <p> + Upon her return, Monsieur, the most curious and inquisitive of mortals, + importuned her in a thousand ways, seeking to discover her secret; but she + was a person both faithful and discreet. Of her interview and journey he + got only such news as was already published on the housetops. At such + reticence he took umbrage; he grumbled, sulked, and would not speak to his + wife. + </p> + <p> + The Chevalier de Lorraine, who in that illustrious and luckless household + was omnipotent, insulted the Princess in the most outrageous manner. + Finding such daily slights and affronts unbearable, Madame complained to + the Kings of France and England, who both exiled the Chevalier. + </p> + <p> + Monsieur de Lorraine d'Armagnac, before leaving, gave instructions to + Morel, one of Monsieur's kitchen officials, to poison the Princess, and + this monster promptly executed the order by rubbing poison on her silver + goblet. + </p> + <p> + I no longer belonged to Madame's household,—my marriage had caused a + change in my duties; but ever feeling deep attachment for this adorable + princess, I hastened to Saint Cloud directly news reached me of her + illness. To my horror, I saw the sudden change which had come over her + countenance; her horrible agony drew tears from the most callous, and + approaching her I kissed her hand, in spite of her confessor, who sought + to constrain her to be silent. She then repeatedly told me that she was + dying from the effects of poison. + </p> + <p> + This she also told the King, whom she perceived shed tears of + consternation and distress. + </p> + <p> + That evening, at Versailles, the King said to me, "If this crime is my + brother's handiwork, his head shall fall on the scaffold." + </p> + <p> + When the body was opened, proof of poison was obtained, and poison of the + most corrosive sort, for the stomach was eaten into in three places, and + there was general inflammation. + </p> + <p> + The King summoned his brother, in order to force him to explain so heinous + a crime. On perceiving his mien, Monsieur became pale and confused. + Rushing upon him sword in hand, the King was for demolishing him on the + spot. The captain of the guard hastened thither, and Monsieur swore by the + Holy Ghost that he was guiltless of the death of his dear wife. + </p> + <p> + Leaving him a prey to remorse, if guilty he were, the King commanded him + to withdraw, and then shut himself up in his closet to prepare a + consolatory message to the English Court. According to the written + statement, which was also published in the newspapers, Madame had been + carried off by an attack of bilious colic. Five or six bribed physicians + certified to that effect, and a lying set of depositions, made for mere + form's sake, bore out their statements in due course. + </p> + <p> + The Abbe de Bossuet, charged to preach the funeral sermon, was apparently + desirous of being as obliging as the doctors. His homily led off with such + fulsome praise of Monsieur, that, from that day forward, he lost all his + credit, and sensible people thereafter only looked upon him as a vile + sycophant, a mere dealer in flattery and fairy-tales. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame Scarron.—Her Petition.—The King's Aversion to Her.—She + is Presented to Madame de Montespan.—The Queen of Portugal Thinks of + Engaging Her.—Madame de Montespan Keeps Her Back.—The Pension + Continued.—The King's Graciousness.—Rage of Mademoiselle + d'Aumale. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + As all the pensions granted by the Queen-mother had ceased at her demise, + the pensioners began to solicit the ministers anew, and all the petitions, + as is customary, were sent direct to the King. + </p> + <p> + One day his Majesty said to me, "Have you ever met in society a young + widow, said to be very pretty, but, at the same time, extremely affected? + It is to Madame Scarron that I allude, who, both before and after + widowhood, has resided at the Marais." + </p> + <p> + I replied that Madame Scarron was an extremely pleasant person, and not at + all affected. I had met her at the Richelieus' or the Albrets', where her + charm of manner and agreeable wit had made her in universal request. I + added a few words of recommendation concerning her petition, which, + unfortunately, had just been torn up, and the King curtly rejoined, "You + surprise me, madame; the portrait I had given to me of her was a totally + different one." + </p> + <p> + That same evening, when the young Marquis d'Alincour spoke to me about + this petition which had never obtained any answer, I requested him to go + and see Madame Scarron as soon as possible, and tell her that, in her own + interest, I should be pleased to receive her. + </p> + <p> + She lost no time in paying me a visit. Her black attire served only to + heighten the astounding whiteness of her complexion. Effusively thanking + me for interesting myself in her most painful case, she added: + </p> + <p> + "There is, apparently, some obstacle against me. I have presented two + petitions and two memoranda; being unsupported, both have been left + unanswered, and I have now just made the following resolve, madame, of + which you will not disapprove. M. Scarron, apparently well off, had only a + life interest in his property. Upon his death, his debts proved in excess + of his capital, and I, deeming it my duty to respect his intentions and + his memory, paid off everybody, and left myself nothing. To-day, Madame la + Princesse de Nemours wishes me to accompany her to Lisbon as her + secretary, or rather as her friend. + </p> + <p> + "Being about to acquire supreme power as a sovereign, she intends, by some + grand marriage, to keep me there, and then appoint me her + lady-in-waiting." + </p> + <p> + "And you submit without a murmur to such appalling exile?" I said to + Madame Scarron. "Is such a pretty, charming person as yourself fitted for + a Court of that kind, and for such an odd sort of climate?" + </p> + <p> + "Madame, I have sought to shut my eyes to many things, being solely + conscious of the horribly forlorn condition in which I find myself in my + native country." + </p> + <p> + "Have you reckoned the distance? Did the Princess confess that she was + going to carry you off to the other end of the world? For her city of + Lisbon, surrounded by precipices, is more than three hundred leagues from + Paris." + </p> + <p> + "At the age of three I voyaged to America, returning hither when I was + eleven." + </p> + <p> + "I am vexed with Mademoiselle d'Aumale for wanting to rob us of so + charming a treasure. But has she any right to act in this way? Do you + think her capable of contributing to your pleasure or your happiness? This + young Queen of Portugal, under the guise of good-humour, hides a violent + and irascible temperament. I believe her to be thoroughly selfish; suppose + that she neglects and despises you, after having profited by your company + to while away the tedium of her journey? Take my word for it, madame, you + had better stay here with us; for there is no real society but in France, + no wit but in our great world, no real happiness but in Paris. Draw up + another petition as quickly as possible, and send it to me. I will present + it myself, and to tell you this is tantamount to a promise that your plea + shall succeed." + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Mademoiselle d'Aumale, daughter of the Duc de Nemours, of the House + of Savoy. She was a blonde, pleasant-mannered enough, but short of + stature. Her head was too big for her body; and this head of hers was + full of conspiracies and coups d'etat. She dethroned her husband in + order to marry his brother.—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Mademoiselle d'Aubigne, all flushed with emotion, assured me of her + gratitude with the ingenuous eloquence peculiar to herself. We embraced as + two friends of the Albret set should do, and three days later, the King + received a new petition, not signed with the name of Scarron, but with + that of D'Aubigne. + </p> + <p> + The pension of two thousand francs, granted three years before her death + by the Queen-mother, was renewed. Madame Scarron had the honour of making + her courtesy to the King, who thought her handsome, but grave in + demeanour, and in a loud, clear voice, he said to her, "Madame, I kept you + waiting; I was jealous of your friends." + </p> + <p> + The Queen of Portugal knew that I had deprived her of her secretary, + fellow-gossip, reader, Spanish teacher, stewardess, confidante, and + lady-in-waiting. She wrote to me complaining about this, and on taking + leave of the King to go and reign in Portugal, she said, with rather a + forced air of raillery: + </p> + <p> + "I shall hate you as long as I live, and if ever you do me the honour of + paying me a visit some day at Lisbon, I'll have you burned for your + pains." + </p> + <p> + Then she wanted to embrace me, as if we were equals, but this I deprecated + as much from aversion as from respect. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + La Fontaine.—Boileau.—Moliere.—Corneille.—Louis + XIV.'s Opinion of Each of Them. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King's studies with his preceptor, Perefixe, had been of only a + superficial sort, as, in accordance with the express order of the + Queen-mother, this prelate had been mainly concerned about the health of + his pupil, the Queen being, above all, desirous that he should have a good + constitution. "The rest comes easily enough, if a prince have but nobility + of soul and a sense of duty," as the Queen often used to say. Her words + came true. + </p> + <p> + I came across several Spanish and Italian books in the library of the + little apartments. The "Pastor Fido," "Aminta," and the "Gerusalemme," + seemed to me, at first, to be the favourite works. Then came Voiture's + letters, the writings of Malherbe and De Balzac, the Fables of La + Fontaine, the Satires of Boileau, and the delightful comedies of Moliere. + Corneille's tragedies had been read, but not often. + </p> + <p> + Until I came to Court, I had always looked upon Corneille as the greatest + tragic dramatist in the world, and as the foremost of our poets and men of + letters. The King saved me from this error. + </p> + <p> + Book in hand, he pointed out to me numberless faults of style, incoherent + and fantastic imagery, sentiment alike exaggerated and a thousand leagues + removed from nature. He considered, and still considers, Pierre Corneille + to be a blind enthusiast of the ancients, whom we deem great since we do + not know them. In his eyes, this declamatory poet was a republican more by + virtue of his head than his heart or his intention,—one of those men + more capricious than morose, who cannot reconcile themselves to what + exists, and prefer to fall back upon bygone generations, not knowing how + to live like friendly folk among their contemporaries. + </p> + <p> + He liked La Fontaine better, by reason of his extreme naturalness, but his + unbecoming conduct at the time of the Fouquet trial proved painful to his + Majesty, who considered the following verses passing strange: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + ". . . . Trust not in kings Their favour is but slippery; worse than + that, It costs one dear, and errors such as these Full oft bring shame + and scandal in their wake." + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="p104" id="p104"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="p104.jpg (49K)" src="images/p104.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + "Long live Moliere!" added his Majesty; "there you have talent without + artifice, poetry without rhapsody, satire without bitterness, pleasantry + that is always apt, great knowledge of the human heart, and perpetual + raillery that yet is not devoid of delicacy and compassion. Moliere is a + most charming man in every respect; I gave him a few hints for his + 'Tartuffe,' and such is his gratitude that he wants to make out that, + without me, he would never have written that masterpiece." + </p> + <p> + "You helped him, Sire, to produce it, and above all things, to carry out + his main idea; and Moliere is right in thinking that, without a mind free + from error, such as is yours, his masterpiece would never have been + created." + </p> + <p> + "It struck me," continued the King, "that some such thing was + indispensable as a counterbalance in the vast machinery of my government, + and I shall ever be the friend and supporter, not of Tartuffes, but of the + 'Tartuffe,' as long as I live." + </p> + <p> + "And Boileau, Sire?" I continued; "what place among your favourites does + he fill?" + </p> + <p> + "I like Boileau," replied the prince, "as a necessary scourge, which one + can pit against the bad taste of second-rate authors. His satires, of too + personal, a nature, and consequently iniquitous, do not please me. He + knows it, and, despite himself, he will amend this. He is at work upon an + 'Ars Poetica,' after the manner of Horace. The little that he has read to + me of this poem leads me to expect that it will be an important work. The + French language will continue to perfect itself by the help of literature + like this, and Boileau, cruel though he be, is going to confer a great + benefit upon all those who have to do with letters." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="p153" id="p153"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="p153.jpg (49K)" src="images/p153.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Birth of the Comte de Vegin.—Madame Scarron as Governess.—The + King's Continued Dislike of Her.—Birth of the Duc du Maine.—Marriage + of the Nun. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King became ever more attached to me personally, as also to the + peculiarities of my temperament. He had witnessed with satisfaction the + birth of Madame de la Valliere's two children, and I thought that he would + have the same affection for mine. But I was wrong. It was with feelings of + trepidation and alarm that he contemplated my approaching confinement. Had + I given birth to a daughter, I am perfectly certain that, in his eyes, I + should have been done for. + </p> + <p> + I gave birth to the first Comte de Vegin, and, grasping my hand + affectionately, the King said to me, "Be of good courage, madame; present + princes to the Crown, and let those be scandalised who will!" A few + moments later he came back, and gave me a million for my expenses. + </p> + <p> + It was, however, mutually arranged that the newborn Infant should be + recognised later on, and that, for the time being, I was to have him + brought up in secrecy and mystery. + </p> + <p> + When dissuading Madame Scarron from undertaking a journey to Lisbon, I had + my own private ends in view. I considered her peculiarly fitted to + superintend the education of the King's children, and to maintain with + success the air of mysterious reserve which for a while was indispensable + to me. I deputed my brother, M. de Vivonne, to acquaint her with my + proposals,—proposals which came from the King as well,—nor did + I doubt for one moment as regarded her consent and complacency, being, as + she was, alone in Paris. + </p> + <p> + "Madame," said M. de Vivonne to her, "the Marquise is overjoyed at being + able to offer you an important position of trust, which will change your + life once for all." + </p> + <p> + "The gentle, quiet life which, thanks to the kindness of the King, I now + lead, is all that my ambition can desire," replied the widow, concealing + her trouble from my brother; "but since the King wishes and commands it, I + will renounce the liberty so dear to me, and will not hesitate to obey." + </p> + <p> + Accordingly she came. The King had a few moments' parley with her, in + order to explain to her all his intentions relative to the new life upon + which she was about to enter, and M. Bontems—[First Groom of the + Chamber, and Keeper of the Privy Purse.]—furnished her with the + necessary funds for establishing her household in suitable style. + </p> + <p> + A month afterwards, I went incognito to her lonely residence, situate amid + vast kitchen-gardens between Vaugirard and the Luxembourg. The house was + clean, commodious, thoroughly well appointed, and, not being overlooked by + neighbours, the secret could but be safely kept. Madame Scarron's + domestics included two nurses, a waiting-maid, a physician, a courier, two + footmen, a coachman, a postilion, and two cooks. + </p> + <p> + Being provided with an excellent coach, she came to Saint Germain every + week, to bring me my son, or else news of his welfare. + </p> + <p> + Her habitually sad expression somewhat pained the King. As I soon noticed + their mutual embarrassment, I used to let Madame Scarron stay in an inner + room all the time that his Majesty remained with me. + </p> + <p> + In the following year, I gave birth to the Duc du Maine. Mademoiselle + d'Aubigne, who was waiting in the drawing-room, wrapped the child up + carefully, and took it away from Paris with all speed. + </p> + <p> + On her way she met with an adventure, comic in itself, and which mortified + her much. When told of it, I laughed not a little; and, in spite of all my + excuses and expressions of regret, she always felt somewhat sore about + this; in fact, she never quite got over it. + </p> + <p> + Between Marly and Ruel, two mounted police officers, in pursuit of a nun + who had escaped from a convent, bethought themselves of looking inside + Madame Scarron's carriage. Such inquisitiveness surprised her, and she put + on her mask, and drew down the blinds. Observing that she was closely + followed by these soldiers, she gave a signal to her coachman, who + instantly whipped up his horses, and drove at a furious rate. + </p> + <p> + At Nanterre the gendarmes, being reinforced, cried out to the coachman to + stop, and obliged Madame Scarron to get out. She was taken to a tavern + close by, where they asked her to remove her mask. She made various + excuses for not doing so, but at the mention of the lieutenant-general of + police, she had to give in. + </p> + <p> + "Madame," inquired the brigadier, "have you not been in a nunnery?" + </p> + <p> + "Pray, monsieur, why do you ask?" + </p> + <p> + "Be good enough to answer me, madame; repeat my question, and I insist + upon a reply. I have received instructions that I shall not hesitate to + carry out." + </p> + <p> + "I have lived with nuns, but that, monsieur, was a long while ago." + </p> + <p> + "It is not a question of time. What was your motive for leaving these + ladies, and who enabled you to do so?" + </p> + <p> + "I left the convent after my first communion. I left it openly, and of my + own free will. Pray be good enough to allow me to continue my journey." + </p> + <p> + "On leaving the convent, where did you go?" + </p> + <p> + "First to one of my relatives, then to another, and at last to Paris, + where I got married." + </p> + <p> + "Married? What, madame, are you married? Oh, young lady, what behaviour is + this? Your simple, modest mien plainly shows what you were before this + marriage. But why did you want to get married?" + </p> + <p> + As he said this, the little Duc du Maine, suffering, perhaps, from a + twinge of colic, began to cry. The brigadier, more amazed than ever, + ordered the infant to be shown as well. + </p> + <p> + Seeing that she could make no defence, Madame Scarron began to shed tears, + and the officer, touched to pity, said: + </p> + <p> + "Madame, I am sorry for your fault, for, as I see, you are a good mother. + My orders are to take you to prison, and thence to the convent specified + by the archbishop, but I warn you that if we catch the father of your + child, he will hang. As for you, who have been seduced, and who belong to + a good family, tell me one of your relatives with whom you are on friendly + terms, and I will undertake to inform them of your predicament." + </p> + <p> + Madame Scarron, busy in soothing the Duc du Maine, durst not explain for + fear of aggravating matters, but begged the brigadier to take her back to + Saint Germain. + </p> + <p> + At this juncture my brother arrived on his way back to Paris. He + recognised the carriage, which stood before the inn, with a crowd of + peasants round it, and hastened to rescue the governess, for he soon + succeeded in persuading these worthy police officers that the sobbing dame + was not a runaway nun, and that the new-born infant came of a good stock. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Saint Denis View.—Superstitions, Apparitions.—Projected + Enlargement of Versailles.—Fresh Victims for Saint Denis. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + One evening I was walking at the far end of the long terrace of Saint + Germain. The King soon came thither, and pointing to Saint Denis, said, + "That, madame, is a gloomy, funereal view, which makes me displeased and + disgusted with this residence, fine though it be." + </p> + <p> + "Sire," I replied, "in no other spot could a more magnificent view be + found. Yonder river winding afar through the vast plain, that noble forest + divided by hunting roads into squares, that Calvary poised high in air, + those bridges placed here and there to add to the attractiveness of the + landscape, those flowery meadows set in the foreground as a rest to the + eye, the broad stream of the Seine, which seemingly is fain to flow at a + slower rate below your palace windows,—I do not think that any more + charming combination of objects could be met with elsewhere, unless one + went a long way from the capital." + </p> + <p> + "The chateau of Saint Germain no longer pleases me," replied the King. "I + shall enlarge Versailles and withdraw thither. What I am going to say may + astonish you, perhaps, as it comes from me, who am neither a whimsical + female nor a prey to superstition. A few days before the Queen, my mother, + had her final seizure, I was walking here alone in this very spot. A + reddish light appeared above the monastery of Saint Denis, and a cloud + which rose out of the ruddy glare assumed the shape of a hearse bearing + the arms of Austria. A few days afterwards my poor mother was removed to + Saint Denis. Four or five days before the horrible death of our adorable + Henrietta, the arrows of Saint Denis appeared to me in a dream covered in + dusky flames, and amid them I saw the spectre of Death, holding in his + hand the necklaces and bracelets of a young lady. The appalling death of + my cousin followed close upon this presage. Henceforth, the view of Saint + Denis spoils all these pleasant landscapes for me. At Versailles fewer + objects confront the eye; a park of that sort has its own wealth of + natural beauty, which suffices. I shall make Versailles a delightful + resort, for which France will be grateful to me, and which my successors + can neither neglect nor destroy without bringing to themselves dishonour." + </p> + <p> + I sympathised with the reasons which made Saint Germain disagreeable to + his Majesty. Next summer the causes for such aversion became more + numerous, as the King had the misfortune to lose the daughters which the + Queen bore him, and they were carried to Saint Denis. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + M. de Lauzun.—His Pretensions.—Erroneous Ideas of the Public.—The + War in Candia.—M. de Lauzun Thinks He Will Secure a Throne for + Himself.—The King Does Not Wish This. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Guilain de Lauzun was, and still is, one of the handsomest + men at Court. Before my marriage, vanity prompted him to belong to the + list of my suitors, but as his reputation in Paris was that of a man who + had great success with the ladies, my family requested him either to come + to the point or to retire, and he withdrew, though unwilling to break + matters off altogether. + </p> + <p> + When he saw me in the bonds of matrimony, and enjoying its liberty, he + recommenced his somewhat equivocal pursuit of me, and managed to get + himself talked about at my expense. Society was unjust; M. de Lauzun only + dared to pay me homage of an insipid sort. He had success enough in other + quarters, and I knew what I owed to some one as well as what I owed to + myself. + </p> + <p> + Ambition is the Marquis's ruling passion. The simple role of a fine + gentleman is, in his eyes, but a secondary one; his Magnificency requires + a far more exalted platform than that. + </p> + <p> + When he knew that war in Candia had broken out, and which side the kings + of Christendom would necessarily take, his ideas became more exalted + still. He bethought himself of the strange fortunes of certain valiant + warriors in the time of the Crusades. He saw that the Lorraines, the + Bouillons, and the Lusignans had won sceptres and crowns, and he flattered + himself that the name of Lauzun might in this vast adventurous career gain + glory too. + </p> + <p> + He begged me to get him a command in this army of Candia, wherein the King + had just permitted his own kinsmen to go and win laurels for themselves. + He was already a full colonel of dragoons, and one of the captains of the + guard. The King, who till then liked him well enough, considered such a + proposition indecent, and, gauging or not gauging his intentions, he + postponed until a later period these aspirations of Lauzun to the post of + prince or sovereign. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Abbe d'Estrees.—Singular Offers of Service.—Madame de + Montespan Declines His Offer of Intercession at the Vatican.—He + Revenges Himself upon the King of Portugal.—Difference between a + Fair Man and a Dark. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Since the reign of Gabrielle d'Estrees, who died just as she was about to + espouse her King, the D'Estrees family were treated at Court more with + conventional favour than with esteem. The first of that name was + lieutenant-general, destined to wield the baton of a French marshal, on + account of his ancestry as well as his own personal merit. The Abbe + d'Estrees passed for being in the Church what M. de Lauzun was in society,—a + man who always met with success, and who also was madly ambitious. + </p> + <p> + While still very young, he had been appointed to the bishopric of Laon, + which, in conjunction with two splendid abbeys, brought him in a handsome + revenue. The Duc and Duchesse de Vendome were as fond of him as one of + their own kin, doing nothing without first consulting him, everywhere + praising and extolling his abilities, which were worthy of a ministry. + </p> + <p> + This prelate desired above all things to be made a cardinal. Under Henri + IV. he could easily have had his wish, but at that time he was not yet + born. He imagined that on the strength of my credit he could procure the + biretta for himself. + </p> + <p> + As soon as he saw me recognised as a mistress, he paid assiduous court to + me, never losing an opportunity of everywhere sounding my praise. One day + he said to me: "Madame, every one pities you on account of the vexation + and grief which the Marquis de Montespan has caused you. If you will + confide in me,—that is, if you will let me represent your interests + with the Cardinals and the Holy Father,—I heartily offer you my + services as mediator and advocate with regard to the question of nullity. + At an early age I studied theology and ecclesiastical law. Your marriage + may be considered null and void, according to this or that point of view. + You know that upon the death of the Princesse de Nemours, Mademoiselle de + Nemours and Mademoiselle d'Aumale, her two daughters, came to reside with + Madame de Vendome, my cousin, a relative and a friend of their mother. The + eldest I first of all married to Duc Charles de Lorraine, heir to the + present Duc de Lorraine. His Majesty did not approve of this marriage, + which was contrary to his politics. His Majesty deigned to explain himself + and open out to me upon the subject. I at once consulted my books, and + found all the means necessary for dissolving such a marriage. So true, + indeed is this, that I forthwith remarried Mademoiselle de Nemours to the + Duc de Savoie. This took place under your very eyes. Soon afterwards I + married her younger sister to the King of Portugal, and accompanied her to + Lisbon, where the Portuguese gave her a fairly warm reception. Her young + husband is tall and fair, with a pleasant, distinguished face; he loves + his wife, and is only moderately beloved in return. Is she wrong or is she + right? Now, I will tell you. The monarch is well-made, but a childish + infirmity has left one whole side of him somewhat weak, and he limps. + Mademoiselle d'Aumale, or to speak more correctly, the Queen of Portugal, + writes letter upon letter to me, describing her situation. She believed + herself pregnant, and had even announced the news to Madame de Vendome, as + well as to Madame de Savoie, her sister. Now it appears that this is not + the case. She is vexed and disgusted. I am about to join her at Lisbon. + She is inclined to place the crown upon the young brother of the King, + requesting the latter to seek the seclusion of a monastery. I can see that + this new idea of the youthful Queen's will necessitate my visiting the + Vatican. Allow me, madame, to have charge of your interests. Do not have + the slightest fear but that I shall protect them zealously and + intelligently, killing thus two birds with one stone." + </p> + <p> + "Pray accept my humble thanks," I replied to the Bishop. "The reigning + Sovereign Pontiff has never shown me any favour whatever, and is in nowise + one of my friends. What you desire to do for me at Rome deserves some + signal mark of gratitude in return, but I cannot get you a cardinal's hat, + for a thousand reasons. + </p> + <p> + "Mademoiselle de Nemours, when leaving us, promised to hate me as long as + she lived, and to have me burnt at an 'auto da fe' whenever she got the + chance. Do not let her know that you have any regard for me, or you might + lose her affection. + </p> + <p> + "I hope that the weak side of her husband, the King, may get stronger, and + that you will not help to put the young monarch in a convent of monks. + </p> + <p> + "In any case, my lord Bishop, do not breathe it to a living soul that you + have told me of such strange resolutions as these; for my own part, I will + safely keep your secret, and pray God to have you in his holy keeping." + </p> + <p> + The Bishop of Laon was not a man to be rebuffed by pleasantry such as + this. He declared the King of Portugal to be impotent, after what the + Queen had expressly stated. The Pope annulled the marriage, and the Queen + courageously wedded her husband's brother, who had no congenital weakness + of any sort, and who was, as every one knew, of dark complexion. + </p> + <p> + At the request of the Queen, the Bishop of Laon was afterwards presented + with the hat, and is, today, my lord Cardinal d'Estrees. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Valois.—Mademoiselle d'Orleans.—Mademoiselle + d'Alencon.—M. de Savoie.—His Love-letters.—His Marriage + with Mademoiselle de Valois.—M. de Guise and Mademoiselle d'Alencon.—Their + Marriage Ceremony.—Madame de Montespan's Dog.—Mademoiselle + d'Orleans.—Her Marriage with the Duke of Tuscany.—The Bishop + de Bonzy. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + By his second wife, Marguerite de Lorraine, Gaston de France had three + daughters, and being devoid of energy, ability, or greatness of character, + they did not object when the King married them to sovereigns of the + third-rate order. + </p> + <p> + Upon these three marriages I should like to make some remarks, on account + of certain singular details connected therewith, and because of the joking + to which they gave rise. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Montpensier had flatly refused the Duc de Savoie, because + Madame de Savoie, daughter of Henri IV., was still living, ruling her + estate like a woman of authority; and therefore, to this stepmother, a + king's daughter, Mademoiselle had to give way, she being but the daughter + of a French prince who died in disgrace and was forgotten. + </p> + <p> + Being refused by the elder princess, M. de Savoie, still quite young, + sought the hand of her sister, Mademoiselle de Valois. He wrote her a + letter which, unfortunately, was somewhat singular in style, and which, + unfortunately too, fell into the hands of Mademoiselle de Montpensier. + Like her late father, Gaston, she plumed herself upon her wit and + eloquence; she caused several copies of the effusion to be printed and + circulated at Court. I will include it in these Memoirs, as it cannot but + prove entertaining. The heroes of Greece, and even of Troy, possibly + delivered their compliments in somewhat better fashion, if we may judge by + the version preserved for us by Homer. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + FROM HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS THE DUC DE SAVOIE TO HIS MOST HONOURED COUSIN, + MADEMOISELLE DE VALOIS. + </p> + <p> + MY DEAR COUSIN:—As the pen must needs perform the office of the + tongue, and as it expresses the feelings of my heart, I doubt not but + that I am at great disadvantage, since the depth of these feelings it + cannot express, nor rightly convince you that, having given all myself + to you, nothing remains either to give or to desire, save to find such + affection pleasantly reciprocated. Thus, in these lines, I earnestly + beseech you to return my love,—lines which give you the first + hints of that fire which your many lovely qualities have lighted in my + soul. They create in me an inconceivable impatience closely to + contemplate that which now I admire at a distance, and to convince you + by various proofs that, with matchless loyalty and passion, + </p> + <p> + I am, dear Cousin, Your most humble slave and servant, EMMANUEL. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Gentle as an angel, Mademoiselle de Valois desired just what everybody + else did. The youngest of the three princesses was named Mademoiselle + d'Alencon. With a trifle more wit and dash, she could have maintained her + position at Court, where so charming a face as hers was fitted to make its + mark; but her fine dark eyes did but express indifference and vacuity, + seemingly unconscious of the pleasure to be got in this world when one is + young, good-looking, shapely, a princess of the blood, and cousin german + of the King besides. + </p> + <p> + Marguerite de Lorraine, her mother, married her to the Duc de Guise, their + near relative, who, without ambition or pretension, seemed almost + astonished to see that the King gave, not a dowry, but a most lovely + verdure—[Drawing-room tapestry, much in vogue at that time]—, + and an enamelled dinner-service. + </p> + <p> + The marriage was celebrated at the chateau, without any special ceremonies + or preparations; so much so that two cushions, which had been forgotten, + had to be hastily fetched. I saw what was the matter, and motioning the + two attendants of the royal sacristy, I whispered to them to fetch what + was wanted from my own apartment. + </p> + <p> + Not knowing to what use these cushions were to be put, my 'valet de + chambre' brought the flowered velvet ones, on which my dogs were wont to + lie. I noticed this just as their Highnesses were about to kneel down, and + I felt so irresistibly inclined to laugh that I was obliged to retire to + my room to avoid bursting out laughing before everybody. + </p> + <p> + Fortunately the Guises did not get to know of this little detail until + long after, or they might have imagined that it was a planned piece of + malicious mockery. However, it is only fair to admit that the marriage was + treated in a very off-hand way, and it is that which always happens to + people whose modesty and candour hinder them from posing and talking big + when they get the chance. A strange delusion, truly! + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle d'Orleans, the eldest child of the second marriage, is + considered one of the prettiest and most graceful of blondes. Her + endowments were surely all that a princess could need, if one except + reserve in speaking, and a general dignity of deportment. + </p> + <p> + When it was a question of giving her to Prince de Medici, Grand Duke of + Tuscany, she was all the while sincerely attached to handsome Prince + Charles de Lorraine, her maternal cousin. But the King, who, in his heart + of hearts, wanted to get hold of Lorraine for himself, could not sanction + this union; nay, he did more: he opposed it. Accordingly the Princess, + being urged to do so by her mother, consented to go to Italy, and as we + say at Court, expatriate herself. + </p> + <p> + The Bishop of Nziers, named De Bonzy, the Tuscan charge d'afaires, came, + on behalf of the Medici family, to make formal demand of her hand, and had + undertaken to bring her to her husband with all despatch. He had + undertaken an all too difficult task. + </p> + <p> + "Monsieur de Bonzy," said she to the prelate, "as it is you who here play + the part of interpreter and cavalier of honour as it is you, moreover, who + have to drag me away from my native country, I have to inform you that it + is my intention to leave it as slowly as possible, and to contemplate it + at my leisure before quitting it forever." + </p> + <p> + And, indeed, the Princess desired to make a stay more or less long in + every town en route. If, on the way, she noticed a convent of any + importance, she at once asked to be taken thither, and, in default of + other pastime or pretext, she requested them to say complines with full + choral accompaniment. + </p> + <p> + If she saw some castle or other, she inquired the name of its owner, and, + though she hardly knew the inmates, was wont to invite herself to dinner + and supper. + </p> + <p> + The Bishop of Beziers grew disconsolate. He wrote letters to the Court, + which he sent by special courier, and I said to the King, "Pray, Sire, let + her do as she likes; she will surely have time enough to look at her + husband later on." + </p> + <p> + Near Saint Fargeau, when the Princess heard that this estate was her + sister's, Mademoiselle sent a gentleman with her compliments, to ask if + she would give her shelter for twenty-four hours. Instead of twenty-four + hours' stay, she proceeded to take up her abode there; and, provided with + a gun and dogs, she wandered all over the fields, always accompanied by + the worthy Bishop, at whose utter exhaustion she was highly amused. + </p> + <p> + At length she left her native land, and joined her husband, who seemed + somewhat sulky at all this delay. + </p> + <p> + "I cannot love you just yet," quoth she, weeping; "my heart is still + another's, and it is impossible to break off such attachments without much + time and much pain. Pray treat me with gentleness, for if you are severe, + I shall not do you any harm, but I shall go back to the Luxembourg to my + mother." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Random Recollections.—Madame de Montespan Withdraws from Politics.—The + Queen's Dowry.—First Campaign in Flanders.—The Queen Meets the + King.—Some One Else Sees Him First.—The Queen's Anger at La + Valliere. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + In compiling these Memoirs, I have never pretended to keep a strictly + regular diary, where events are set down chronologically and in their + proper order. I write as I recollect; some of my recollections are + chronicled sooner, and others later. Thus it happens that the King's first + conquests are only now mentioned in the present chapter, although they + occurred in the year 1667, at the beginning of my credit and my favour. + </p> + <p> + I was naturally inclined for politics, and should have liked the hazard of + the game; but I suppose that the King considered me more frivolous and + giddy than I really was, for, despite the strong friendship with which he + has honoured me, he has never been gracious enough to initiate me into the + secrets of the Cabinet and the State. + </p> + <p> + If this sort of exclusion or ostracism served to wound my self-respect, it + nevertheless had its special advantage for me, for in epochs less glorious + or less brilliant (that is to say, in times of failure), they could never + cavil at advice or counsel which I had given, nor blame me for the + shortcomings of my proteges or creatures. + </p> + <p> + The King was born ambitious. This prince will not admit it; he gives a + thousand reasons in justification of his conquests. But the desire for + conquest proves him to be a conqueror, and one is not a conqueror without + being ambitious. I think I can explain myself by mentioning the treaty + drawn up at the time of his marriage. It was stipulated that the Infanta + should have rights over the Netherlands, then possessed by Don Balthazar, + Prince of Spain. But it was agreed to give the Princess Maria Theresa a + handsome dowry, in lieu of which she signed a paper renouncing her rights. + </p> + <p> + Her father, King Philip IV., died at the close of the year 1665, and the + Queen-mother besought our King not to take advantage of the minority of + the young Charles II., his brother-in-law, by troubling Spain afresh with + his pretensions. + </p> + <p> + Hardly had Anne of Austria been interred, when the King informed the + Spanish Court of his claims. In the spring of the following year, he + himself led an army into Spanish Flanders, where his appearance was not + expected. These fine provinces, badly provisioned and badly fortified, + made but a merely formal resistance to Conde, Turenne, Crequi, and all our + illustrious generals, who, led by the King in person, wrought the troops + to a wild pitch of enthusiasm. + </p> + <p> + The King had left the Infanta, his wife, at Compiegne, and it was there + that we awaited either news of the army or orders to advance. + </p> + <p> + From Compiegne we went to La Fere, where we heard that the King was coming + to receive us. Suddenly it was rumoured that the Duchesse de la Valliere + had just arrived, and that she was acting in accordance with orders + received. + </p> + <p> + The Queen began to weep, and, sobbing, bewailed her destiny. She was + seized by convulsions and violent retching, much to the alarm of her + ladies and the physicians. + </p> + <p> + Next day, after mass, the Duchesse and the Marquise de la Valliere came to + make their courtesy to the Queen, who, staring at them, said not a word. + When dinner-time came, she gave orders that no food should be served to + them, but the officials supplied this to them in secret, fearing to be + compromised. + </p> + <p> + In the coach, the Queen complained greatly of Mademoiselle de la Valliere, + and the Princesse de Bade, one of the ladies-in-waiting, said to me, + "Could you have believed that, with such gentleness, one could also + display such impudence?" The Duchesse de Montausier, I know not why, + expressed herself to me in the same terms of amazement. I replied that, + "Were I in that fair lady's place, I should dare to show myself least of + all to the Queen, for fear of grieving her Majesty." I was often rebuked + afterwards for this speech, which, I admit, I delivered somewhat + thoughtlessly. + </p> + <p> + On leaving La Fere, the Queen gave particular orders to let the Duchess + have no relays, so that she could not follow; but the Master of the Horse + had caused these to be brought to her from Versailles, so nothing was + wanting. + </p> + <p> + On putting my head out of window, when we turned a corner of the road, I + saw that La Valliere's coach, with six horses, was following quite close + behind; but I took care not to tell the Queen, who believed those ladies + were a long way off. + </p> + <p> + All at once, on a height, we saw a body of horsemen approaching. The King + could be plainly distinguished, riding at their head. La Valliere's coach + immediately left the main road, and drove across country, while the Queen + called out to have it stopped; but the King embraced its occupants, and + then it drove off at a gallop to a chateau already fixed upon for its + reception. + </p> + <p> + I like to be just, and it is my duty to be so. This mark of irreverence + towards the Queen is the only one for which Mademoiselle de la Valliere + can be blamed; but she would never have done such a thing of her own + accord; it was all the fault of the Marquise, blinded as she was by + ambition. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The King Contemplates the Conquest of Holland.—The Grand Seignior's + Embassy.—Madame de Montespan's Chance of Becoming First Lady of the + Harem.—Anxiety to Conclude Negotiations with so Passionate an + Ambassador.—Help Sent to Candia.—With Disastrous Results.—Death + of the Duc de Beaufort.—Why It Is Good to Carry About the Picture of + One's Lady-love. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Having gained possession of the Netherlands in the name of the Infanta, + his consort, the King seriously contemplated the subjugation of the Dutch, + and possibly also the invasion of these rich countries. Meanwhile, he + privately intimated as much to the princes of Europe, promising to each of + them some personal and particular advantage in exchange for a guarantee of + assistance or neutrality in this matter. + </p> + <p> + The Grand Seignior, hearing that the Pope and the Venetians were urging + our Cabinet to come to the help of Candia, lost no time in sending a + splendid embassy to Paris, to congratulate the young King upon his + conquest of Flanders, and to predict for him all success in the paths + along which ambition might lead him. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [This important island of Candia, the last powerful bulwark of + Christendom against the Turk, belonged at that time to Venice. + EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Being naturally fond of show and display, the King left nothing undone + which might give brilliance to the reception of so renowned an embassy. + The Court wore an air of such splendour and magnificence that these + Mussulmans, used though they were to Asiatic pomp, seemed surprised and + amazed at so brilliant a reception, at which nothing, indeed, had been + forgotten. + </p> + <p> + The ambassador-in-chief was a pleasant young man, tall, shapely, and + almost as good-looking as the King. This Turk had splendidly shaped hands, + and eyes that shone with extraordinary brilliance. He conceived an ardent + passion for me, a passion that went to such lengths that he sacrificed + thereto all his gravity, all his stately Ottoman demeanour. + </p> + <p> + When I passed by, he saluted me, placing his hand to his heart, stopping + to gaze at me intently, and watch me as long as possible. Being introduced + (either by chance or design) to my Paris jeweller, he seized a gold box + upon which he saw my portrait, and, giving the jeweller a considerable + sum, refused to part with the picture, however much they begged him to do + so. + </p> + <p> + One fine morning, in spite of his turban, he got into the large chapel of + the chateau during mass, and while the Court of France was adoring the + true God, Ibrahim knelt down in front of me, which made every one laugh, + including the King. + </p> + <p> + All such absurdities caused the ministers to give him the required reply + with all speed, and they were not backward in granting him a farewell + audience. + </p> + <p> + When the time came for him to go, Ibrahim burst into tears, exclaiming + that, in his country, I should be in the first rank, whereas at Saint + Germain I was only in the second; and he charged his interpreter to tell + the King of France that the unhappy Ibrahim would never get over this + visit to his Court. + </p> + <p> + The King replied, with a smile, that he had "better become a Christian, + and stay with us." + </p> + <p> + At these words the ambassador turned pale, and glancing downwards, + withdrew, forgetting to salute his Majesty. + </p> + <p> + Then he returned, and made all his bows quite nicely; nor would he quit + the capital before he had sent me his portrait, some pretty verses in + Italian, which he had caused to be composed, and besides this, a set of + amber ornaments, the most beautiful of any worn by ladies of the harem. + </p> + <p> + Despite this imposing and costly embassy, despite the ambassador's + compliment, who referred to the King as "Eldest Son of the Sun," this same + Son of the Sun despatched seven thousand picked troops to help Venice + against the Turks. To this detachment the Venetian Republic sent fourteen + vessels laden with their own soldiers, under the leadership of our Duc de + Beaufort, Grand Admiral of France, and Lieutenant-General Duc de + Navailles. + </p> + <p> + Had these troops arrived in the nick of time, they would have saved + Candia, but by a sudden accident all was lost, and after so terrible a + reverse, the Isle of Candia, wrested from the potentates of Europe and + Christendom, fell a prey to the infidels. + </p> + <p> + A pistol-shot fired at a Turk blew up several barrels of gunpowder + belonging to a large magazine captured from the enemy. Our troops, + thinking that a mine had been sprung, fled in headlong confusion, never + even caring to save their muskets. The Turks butchered them in the most + frightful manner. In this huge massacre, some of our most promising + officers perished, and the Duc de Beaufort was never found either among + the wounded or the slain. + </p> + <p> + The young Comte de Guiche, of whom I shall presently speak, had his hand + smashed, and if on his breast he had not worn a portrait of Madame,—[The + ill-fated Duchesse d'Orleans.]—the sword of a Turk would have struck + him to the heart. + </p> + <p> + The King felt sorry that he had only despatched seven thousand men + thither. But when M. de Louvois informed him that the whole detachment had + been almost annihilated, he regretted having sent so many. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Danger of Harbouring a Malcontent.—The King's Policy with Regard to + Lorraine.—Advice of Madame de Thianges.—Conquest of Lorraine.—The + Lorraines Surrender to the Emperor. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The petty princes placed too near a great potentate are just like the + shrubs that grow beside an old oak tree, whose broad shade blights them, + while its roots undermine and sap them, till at last they are weakened and + destroyed. + </p> + <p> + When young Gaston, son of Henri IV., seeking to get free from Richelieu's + insolent despotism, withdrew to the Duc de Lorraine, the Cardinal uttered + a cry of joy, and remarked to Louis XIII., that vindictive, jealous + prince, "Oh, what a good turn the Duc d'Orleans has just done you to-day! + By going to stay with M. de Lorraine, he will oust him!" + </p> + <p> + The Court soon got to know that M. de Lorraine had given Monsieur a most + cordial reception, and that the latter, who, like his father, was very + susceptible, had proposed for the hand of the Princesse Marguerite, a + charming person, and sister to the reigning Duke. + </p> + <p> + King Louis XIII. openly opposed this marriage, which nevertheless was + arranged for, and celebrated partly at Nancy and partly at Luneville. + </p> + <p> + Such complacence earned for M. de Lorraine the indignation of the King and + his minister, the Cardinal. They waged against him a war of revenge, or + rather of spoliation, and as the prince, being unable then to offer any + serious resistance, was sensible enough to surrender, he got off with the + sacrifice of certain portions of his territory. He also had to witness the + demolition by France of the fine fortifications of Nancy. + </p> + <p> + Things were at this juncture when our young King assumed the management of + affairs. The policy pursued by Louis XIII. and his Cardinal seemed to him + an advantageous one, also; he lured to his capital M. de Lorraine, who was + still young and a widower, and by every conceivable pretext he was + prevented from marrying again. Lorraine had a nephew,—[Prince + Charles.]—a young man of great promise, to whom the uncle there and + then offered to make over all his property and rights, if the King would + honour him with his protection and marry him to whomsoever he fancied. The + King would not consent to a marriage of any kind, having a firm, + persistent desire in this way to make the line of these two princes + extinct. + </p> + <p> + I was talking about this one day in the King's chamber, when my sister De + Thianges had the hardihood to say: + </p> + <p> + "I hear that the Messieurs de Lorraine are about to take their departure, + and that, having lost all hope of making themselves beloved, they have + resolved to make themselves feared." + </p> + <p> + The King looked impassively at my sister, showing not a sign of emotion, + and he said to her: + </p> + <p> + "Do you visit there?" + </p> + <p> + "Sire," replied Madame de Thianges, unabashed, "augment the number, not of + your enemies, but of your friends; of all policies that is the best." The + King never said a word. + </p> + <p> + Soon afterwards, the Lorraines appealed secretly to the Empire and the + Emperor. The King was only waiting for such an opportunity; he forthwith + sent Marshal de Crequi at the head of twenty thousand men, who invaded + Lorraine, which had already been ravaged, and the Duchy of Bar, which had + not. + </p> + <p> + The manifesto stated the motives for such complaint, alleging that the + Duke had not been at the pains to observe the Treaty of Metz with regard + to the surrender of Harsal, and, as a punishment, his entire sovereignty + would be confiscated. + </p> + <p> + A large army then marched upon Peronne; it had been formed at Saint + Germain, and was divided into two columns. The first went to join the Duc + de Crequi, who occupied Lorraine; the other took up its position near + Sedan, to keep the Flemish and Dutch in check in case of any attempted + rebellion. + </p> + <p> + The Lorraines, in despair, gave themselves up to the Emperor, who, aware + of their fine soldierly qualities, bestowed upon both high posts of + command. They caused great losses to France and keen anxiety to her King. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Embassy of the King of Arda.—Political Influence Exercised by the + Good Looks of Madame de Montespan.—Gifts of the Envoys.—What + the Comte de Vegin Takes for a Horse.—Madame de Montespan Entertains + Them in Her Own House.—Three Missionaries Recommend Her to Them. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + From the wilds of Africa, the King of Arda sent an embassy no less + brilliant and far more singular than that of the Turks. This African + prince, hearing of the French King's noble character and of his recent + conquests, proposed to form with him a political and commercial alliance, + and sought his support against the English and the Dutch, his near + neighbours. + </p> + <p> + The King said to me; "Madame, I believe Ibrahim has proclaimed your charms + even to the Africans; you bring embassies to me from the other end of the + globe. For Heaven's sake, don't show yourself, or these new envoys will + utterly lose their heads, too." + </p> + <p> + The envoys referred to were notable for their rich, semibarbaric dress, + but not one of them was like Ibrahim. They brought the King a present, in + the shape of a tiger, a panther, and two splendid lions. To the Queen they + gave a sort of pheasant covered with gold and blue feathers, which burst + out laughing while looking intensely grave, to the great diversion of + every one. They also brought to the princess a little blackamoor, + extremely well-made, who could never grow any bigger, and of which she, + unfortunately, grew very fond.—[Later on the writer explains herself + more fully.—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + <p> + These Africans also came in ceremonious fashion to present their respects + to me. They greeted me as the "second spouse of the King" (which greatly + offended the Queen), and in the name of the King of Arda, they presented + me with a necklace of large pearls, and two bracelets of priceless value,—splendid + Oriental sapphires, the finest in the world. + </p> + <p> + I gave orders for my children to be brought to them. On seeing these, they + prostrated themselves. The little Comte de Vein, profiting by their + attitude, began to ride pick-a-back on one of them, who did not seem + offended at this, but carried the child about for a little while. + </p> + <p> + The ceremony of their presentation will, doubtless, have been described in + various other books; but I cannot forbear mentioning one incident. As soon + as the curtains of the throne were drawn aside, and they saw the King + wearing all his decorations and ablaze with jewels, they put their hands + up to their eyes, pretending to be dazzled by the splendour of his + presence, and then they flung themselves down at full length upon the + ground, the better to express their adoration. + </p> + <p> + I invited them to visit me at the Chateau de Clagny, my favourite + country-seat, and there I caused a sumptuous collation to be served to + them in accordance with their tastes. Plain roast meat they ate with + avidity; other dishes seemed to inspire them with distrust,—they + looked closely at them, and then went off to something else. + </p> + <p> + I do not interfere in affairs of State, but I wanted to know from what + source in so remote a country they could have obtained any positive + information as to the secrets of the Court of France. Through the + interpreter, they replied that three travellers—missionaries—had + stayed for a couple of months with their master, the King of Arda, and the + good fathers had told them "that Madame de Montespan was the second spouse + of the great King." These same missionaries had chosen the sort of + presents which they were to give me. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Comte de Vegin, Abbe of Saint Germain des Pres.—Revenues Required, + but Not the Cowl.—Discussion between the King and the Marquise.—Madame + Scarron Chosen as Arbiter.—An Unanswerable Argument. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The wealthy abbey of Saint Germain des Pres—[Yielding a revenue of + five hundred thousand livres.]—was vacant; the King appointed + thereto his son, the Comte de Vegin, and as the Benedictine monks secretly + complained that they should have given to them as chief a child almost + still in its cradle, the King instructed the grand almoner to remind them + that they had had as abbes in preceding reigns princes who were married + and of warlike tastes. "Such abuses," said the prelate, "were more than + reprehensible; his Majesty is incapable of wishing to renew them. As to + the Prince's extreme youth, that is in no way prejudicial to you, my + brethren, as monseigneur will be suitably represented by his vicar-general + until such time as he is able to assume the governorship himself." + </p> + <p> + "Is it your intention to condemn my son to be an ecclesiastic?" I asked + the King, in amazement. + </p> + <p> + "Madame, these are my views," he answered: "If the Comte de Vegin as he + grows up should continue to show pluck and a taste for things military, as + by birth he is bound to do, we will relieve him of the abbey on the eve of + his marriage, while he will have profited thereby up to that time. If, on + the contrary, my son should show but inferior mental capacity, and a + pusillanimous character, there will be no harm in his remaining among the + Church folk; he will be far better off there than elsewhere. The essential + thing for a parent is to study carefully and in good time the proper + vocation for his children; the essential thing for the ruler of an Empire + is to employ the right people to do the work in hand." + </p> + <p> + "Will my son, on receiving this abbey, have to wear the dress of his + office?" I asked. "Imagine the Comte de Vegin an abbe!" + </p> + <p> + "Do not feel the slightest repugnance on that score," added the King. "The + Electors of the German Empire are nearly all of them ecclesiastics; our + own history of France will show you that the sons of kings were bishops or + mere abbes; the grandson of the Duc de Savoie is a cardinal and an + archbishop, and King Charles X., my grandfather's paternal uncle, nearly + became King of France and cardinal at one and the same time." + </p> + <p> + At this moment Madame Scarron came in. "Madame, we will make you our judge + in the argument that we are now having," said his Majesty. "Do you think + there is any objection to our giving to little Vegin the dress of an + abbe?" + </p> + <p> + "On the contrary, Sire," replied the governess, smiling, "such a dress + will inspire him betimes with reserve and modesty, strengthening his + principles, and making far more profitable to him the excellent education + which he is now receiving." + </p> + <p> + "I am obliged to you for your opinion," said the King, "and I flatter + myself, madame, that you see things in the same light that I do." + </p> + <p> + When the King had gone, Madame Scarron asked me why I disapproved of this + abbey. + </p> + <p> + "I do not wish to deny so rich a benefice to my son," I replied, "but it + seems to me that he might enjoy the revenues therefrom, without being + obliged to wear the livery. Is not the King powerful enough to effect + this?" + </p> + <p> + "You are hardly just, madame," replied the governess, in a serious tone. + "If our religion be a true one, God himself is at the head of it, and for + so supreme a Chief the sons of kings are but of small account." + </p> + <p> + With an argument such as this she closed my mouth, leaving me quite + amazed, and next day she smiled with delight when she presented the little + Comte de Vegin dressed as a little abbe. + </p> + <p> + She was careful to see that the crozier, mitre, and cross were painted on + the panels of his carriage, and let the post of vicar-general be given to + one of her pious friends who was presented to me. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Once a Queen, Always a Queen.—An Anonymous Letter.—The Queen's + Confidence.—She Has a Sermon Preached against Madame de Montespan.—Who + the Preacher was.—One Scandal May Avert Another. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + I related how, near La Fere, at the time of the Flanders campaign, Madame + de la Valliere's coach, at the risk of offending the Queen, left the main + road and took a short cut across country, so as to get on ahead, and + arrive before anybody else. By this the Duchess thought to give her royal + friend a great mark of her attachment. On the contrary, it was the first + cause for that coolness which the King afterwards displayed. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + "Fain would he be beloved, yet loved with tact." + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The very next day his Majesty, prevailed upon La Valliere to say that such + a style of travelling was too fatiguing for her. She had the honour of + dining with the Queen, and then she returned to the little chateau of + Versailles, so as to be near her children. + </p> + <p> + The King arranged with Madame de Montausier, lady-in-waiting to the Queen, + that I should use her rooms to dress and write in, and that his Majesty + should be free to come there when he liked, and have a quiet chat with me + about matters of interest. + </p> + <p> + The Queen, whom I had managed to please by my amusing talk, always kept me + close to her side, both when taking long walks or playing cards. At a + given signal, a knock overhead, I used to leave the Queen, excusing myself + on the score of a headache, or arrears of correspondence; in short, I + managed to get away as best I could. + </p> + <p> + The King left us in order to capture Douai, then Tournay, and finally the + whole of Flanders; while the Queen continued to show me every sign of her + sincere and trustful friendship. + </p> + <p> + In August, on the Day of Our Lady, while the King was besieging Lille, a + letter came to the Queen, informing her that her husband had forsaken + Madame de la Valliere for her Majesty's lady-in-waiting, the Marquise de + Montespan. Moreover, the anonymous missive named "the prudent Duchesse de + Montausier" as confidante and accomplice. + </p> + <p> + "It is horrible—it is infamous!" cried the Queen, as she flung aside + the letter. "I shall never be persuaded that such is the case. My dear + little Montespan enjoys my friendship and my esteem; others are jealous of + her, but they shall not succeed. Perhaps the King may know the + handwriting; he shall see it at once!" And that same evening she forwarded + the letter to him. + </p> + <p> + The Comte de Vegin had been born, and the Queen was absolutely ignorant of + his existence. My pregnancy with the Duc du Maine had likewise escaped her + notice, owing to the large paniers which I took to wearing, and thus made + the fashion. But the Court is a place where the best of friends are + traitors. The Queen was at length convinced, after long refusing to be so, + and from that day forward she cordially detested me. + </p> + <p> + While the King was conquering Holland, she instructed her chief almoner to + have a sermon of a scandalous sort to be preached, which, delivered with + all due solemnity in her presence, should grieve and wound me as much as + possible. + </p> + <p> + On the day appointed, a preacher, totally unknown to us, gets into the + pulpit, makes a long prayer for the guidance of the Holy Ghost, and then, + rising gracefully, bows low to the Queen. Raising his eyes to heaven, he + makes the sign of the cross and gives out the following text: "Woman, + arise and sin no more. Go hence; I forgive thee." + </p> + <p> + As he uttered these words, he looked hard at my pew, and soon made me + understand by his egordium how interesting his discourse would be to me. + Written with rare grace of style, it was merely a piece of satire from + beginning to end,—of satire so audacious that it was constantly + levelled at the King. + </p> + <p> + The orator brought before us in succession lifelike portraits of the + Queen, of her august spouse, of my children, of M. de Montespan, and of + myself. Upon some he lavished praise; others he vehemently rebuked; while + to others he gave tender pity. Anon he caused the lips of his hearers to + curl in irony, and again, roused their indignation or touched them to + tears. + </p> + <p> + Any one else would have been bored by such a rigmarole; it rather amused + me. + </p> + <p> + That evening, and for a week afterwards, nothing else but this sermon was + talked of at Versailles. The Queen had received complete satisfaction. + Before me she was at pains not to laugh, and I was pleased to see that her + resentment had almost disappeared. + </p> + <p> + Upon his return, the King was for punishing such an offence as this. + Things are not easily hidden from him; his Majesty desired to know the + name and rank of the ecclesiastic. The entire Court replied that he was a + good-looking young Franciscan. + </p> + <p> + The chief almoner, being forced to state the monastery from which the + preacher came, mentioned the Cordeliers of Paris. There it transpired that + the monk told off by the prior for this enterprise had been too frightened + to execute it, and had sent, as his deputy, a young actor from Orleans,—a + brother of his, who thus could not say no. + </p> + <p> + So, as it happened, Queen Maria Theresa and her chief almoner (an + exemplary person) had caused virtue to be preached to me by a young + play-actor! The King dared not take further proceedings in so strange a + matter, for fear lest one scandal might beget a far greater one. It was + this that caused Madame Cornuel to remark, "The pulpit is in want of + comedians; they work wonders there!" + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The King Alters His Opinion about Madame Scarron.—He Wants Her to + Assume Another Name.—He Gives Her the Maintenon Estates.—She + and Madame de Montespan Visit These.—A Strange Story. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + At first the King used to feel afraid of Madame Scarron, and seemingly + laughed at me when I endeavoured to persuade him that there was nothing + affected or singular about her. The Marquis de Beringhen, for some reason + or other, had prejudiced his Majesty against her, so that very often, when + the King heard that she was visiting me, he never got beyond the + vestibule, but at once withdrew. One day she was telling me, in her + pleasant, original way, a funny tale about the famous Brancas, and I + laughed till I cried again,—in fact, until I nearly made myself + quite ill. + </p> + <p> + The King, who was listening at the door, was greatly tickled by the story. + He came in smiling and thoroughly self-possessed. Then, addressing the + governess, he said, "Madame, allow me to compliment you and to thank you + at the same time. I thought you were of a serious, melancholy disposition, + but as I listened to you through the keyhole, I am no longer surprised + that you have such long talks with the Marquise. Will you do me the favour + of being as amusing some other time, if I venture to make one of the + party?" + </p> + <p> + The governess, courtesying, blushed somewhat; and the King continued, + "Madame, I am aware of your affection for my children; that is a great + recommendation to me; banish all restraint; I take the greatest pleasure + in your company." + </p> + <p> + She replied, "It was the fear of displeasing you which, despite myself, + caused me to incur your displeasure." + </p> + <p> + The King continued, "Madame, I know that the late M. de Scarron was a man + of much wit and also of agreeable manners. My cousin, De Beaufort, used to + rave about him, but on account of his somewhat free poems, his name lacks + weight and dignity. In fact, his name in no way fits so charming a + personality as yours; would it grieve you to change it?" + </p> + <p> + The governess cleverly replied that all that she owed to the memory of her + defunct husband was gratitude and esteem. + </p> + <p> + "Allow me, then, to arrange matters," added the King. "I am fond of + sonorous names; in this I agree with Boileau." + </p> + <p> + A few days afterwards we heard that the splendid Maintenon estates were + for sale. The King himself came to inform the widow of this, and, giving + her in advance the fee for education, he counted out a hundred thousand + crowns wherewith instantly to purchase the property. + </p> + <p> + Forthwith the King compelled her to discard this truly ridiculous author's + name, and styled her before everybody Madame de Maintenon. + </p> + <p> + I must do her the justice to state that her gratitude for the King's + liberality was well-nigh exaggerated, while no change was perceptible in + her manners and bearing. She had, naturally, a grand, dignified air, which + was in strange contrast to the grotesque buffoonery of her poet-husband. + Now she is exactly in her proper place, representing to perfection the + governess of a king's children. + </p> + <p> + Spiteful persons were wont to say that I appeared jealous on seeing her + made a marquise like myself. Good gracious, no! On the contrary, I was + delighted; her parentage was well known to me. The Duchesse de Navailles, + my protectress, was a near relative of hers, and M. d'Aubigne, her + grandfather, was one of King Henri's two Chief Gentlemen of the Chamber. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon's father was, in many respects, greatly to blame. + Without being actually dishonest, he squandered a good deal of his + fortune, the greater part being pounced upon by his family; and had the + King forced these harpies to disgorge, Madame de Maintenon could have + lived in opulence, eclipsing several of the personages at Court. + </p> + <p> + I am glad to be able to do her justice in these Memoirs, to the + satisfaction of my own self-respect. I look upon her as my own handiwork, + and everything assures me that this is her conviction also, and that she + will always bear it in mind. + </p> + <p> + The King said to us, "Go and see the Chateau de Maintenon, and then you + can tell me all about it. According to an old book, I find that it was + built in the reign of Henri II. by Nicolas de Cointerot, the King's + minister of finance; a 'surintendant's' castle ought to form a noteworthy + feature of the landscape." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon hereupon told us a most extraordinary story. The lady + who sold this marquisate had retired two years previously to the island of + Martinique, where she, at the present moment, owned the residence of + Constant d'Aubigne, the same house where the new Marquise de Maintenon had + spent her childhood with her parents, so that while one of these ladies + had quitted the Chateau de Maintenon in order to live in Martinique, the + other had come from Martinique in order to reside at the Chateau de + Maintenon. Truly, the destinies of some are strange in this world. + </p> + <p> + The chateau appeared to be large, of solid proportions, and built in a + grandly simple style, befitting a minister of dignity and position. The + governess shed tears of emotion when setting foot there for the first + time. The six priests, whom the surintendant had appointed, officiated in + the large chapel or little church attached to the castle. + </p> + <p> + They approached us in regular procession, presenting holy water, baskets + of flowers and fruit, an old man, a child, and two little lambs to the + Marquise. The villagers, dressed out with flowers and ribbons, also came + to pay, their respects to her. They danced in the castle courtyard, under + our balcony, to the sound of hautbois and bagpipes. + </p> + <p> + We gave them money, said pleasant things to everybody, and invited all the + six clerics to sup with us. These gentry spoke with great respect of the + other Madame de Maintenon, who had become disgusted with her property, and + with France generally, because, for two winters running, her orange-groves + and fig-trees had been frost-bitten. She herself, being a most chilly, + person, never left off her furs until August, and in order to avoid + looking at or walking upon snow and ice, she fled to the other end of the + world. + </p> + <p> + "The other extreme will bring her back to us," observed Madame de + Maintenon to the priests. "Though his Majesty were to give me Martinique + or Saint Domingo, I certainly would never go and live there myself." + </p> + <p> + When we returned, all these little details greatly amused the King. He, + too, wanted to go and see the castle of another Fouquet, but, as we + complained of the bad roads, he ordered these to be mended along the + entire route. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Second Comte de Vexin.—He is made Abbe of Saint Denis.—Priests + or Devils?—The Coronation Diadem.—Royalty Jokes with the + Monks. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + My poor little Comte de Vegin died. We all mourned for him as he deserved; + his pretty face would have made every one love him; his extreme gentleness + had nothing of the savage warrior about it, but at any rate, he was the + best-looking cardinal in Christendom. He made such funny speeches that one + could not help recollecting them. He was more of a Mortemart than a + Bourbon, but that did not prevent the King from idolising him. + </p> + <p> + The King thought of conferring the Abbey of Saint Germain des Pres upon + his younger brother; to this I was opposed, imagining, perhaps without + reason, that such succession would bring bad luck. So the King presented + him to the Abbey of Saint Denis, the revenue of which was equally + considerable, and he conferred upon him the title of Comte de Vexin, + caring nothing for the remarks I made concerning the similarities of such + names and distinctions. + </p> + <p> + The second Comte de Vegin bid fair to be a man of reflection and of + genius. He obviously disliked his little abbe's dress, and we always kept + saying, "It's only for the time being, my little fellow." + </p> + <p> + When, after his nomination, the monks of Saint Denis came to make their + obeisance to him, he asked if they were devils, and continually covered + his face so as not to see them. + </p> + <p> + The King arrived, and with a few flattering words managed to soothe the + priests' outraged dignity, and when they asked the little prince if he + would honour them by a visit of inspection to Suger's room, which had just + been restored, he replied with a sulky smile, "I'll come and see you, but + with my eyes shut." + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Suger was Abbe of Saint Denis, and a famous minister of Queen + Blanche. Editor's Note.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Then the priests mildly remonstrated because the coronation diadem had not + been brought back to their store of treasures, but was still missing. + </p> + <p> + "So, in your treasure-house at Saint Denis you keep all the crowns of all + the reigns?" asked the prince. + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Sire, and where could they be better guarded than with us? Who has + most may have least." + </p> + <p> + "With all their rubies, diamonds, sapphires, and emeralds?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Sire; and hence the name treasure." + </p> + <p> + The King replied, "If this be the case, I will send you my coronation + crown. At that time my brow was not so big; you will find the crown small, + I tell you." + </p> + <p> + Then one of the monks, in the most serious manner, said, "It's not as + small as it was; your Majesty has enlarged it a good deal." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon burst out laughing, and I was not slow to follow her + example; we saw that the King could hardly maintain his gravity. He said + to the priest, "My father, you turn a pretty compliment in a most + praiseworthy manner; you ought to have belonged to the Jesuits, not to the + Benedictines." + </p> + <p> + We burst out laughing anew, and this convent-deputation, the + gloomiest-looking, most funereal one in the world, managed to cause us + some diversion, after all. + </p> + <p> + To make amends for our apparent frivolity, his Majesty himself took them + to see his splendid cabinet of medals and coins, and sent them back to + their abbey in Court carriages. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + M. de Lauzun Proposes for the Hand of Mademoiselle de Thianges.—Letter + from the Duc de Lorraine.—Madame de Thianges Thinks that Her + Daughter Has Married a Reigning Prince.—The King Disposes Otherwise.—The + Duc de Nevers. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The brilliant Marquis de Lauzun, after paying court to myself, suddenly, + turned his attention to Mademoiselle de Thianges,—my sister's child. + If a fine figure and a handsome face, as well as the polished manners of a + great gentleman, constitute a good match, M. de Lauzun was, in all + respects, worthy of my niece. But this presumptuous nobleman had but a + slender fortune. Extravagant, without the means to be so, his debts grew + daily greater, and in society one talked of nothing but his lavish + expenditure and his creditors. I know that the purses of forty women were + at his disposal. I know, moreover, that he used to gamble like a prince, + and I would never marry my waiting-maid to a gambler and a rake. + </p> + <p> + Both Madame de Thianges and myself rejected his proposals, and though + resolved to let him have continued proofs of our good-will, we were + equally determined never to accept such a man as son-in-law and nephew. + </p> + <p> + Hereupon the letter which I am about to transcribe was sent to me by a + messenger: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + PRINCE CHARLES DE LORRAINE TO MADAME LA MARQUISE DE MONTESPAN. + </p> + <p> + MADAME:—My unfortunate uncle and I have always loved France, but + France has forced us both to break off all relations with her and to + become exiles!!! Despite the kindness and generosity wherewith the + Imperial Court seeks to comfort us in our misfortune, the perpetual + cry of our hearts calls us back to our fatherland,—to that + matchless land where my ancestors have ever been beloved. + </p> + <p> + My uncle is guilty of no crime but that of having formerly received in + his palace a son of good King Henri IV., after his humiliation by a + shameless minister. My dear uncle proposed to resign all his property + in my favour, and to meet the wishes of his Majesty as to the wife + that should be mine. + </p> + <p> + When my uncle asked for the hand of Mademoiselle de Montpensier, on my + behalf, my cousin replied that a ruined and dismantled throne did not + augur well for a dowry, and she further remarked that we were not on + good terms with the King. + </p> + <p> + When I begged Cardinal Mazarin to grant me the hand of the present + Madame de Mazarin, his Eminence replied, "Would you like to be a + cardinal? I can manage that; but as regards my niece, the Queen is + going to get her married immediately." + </p> + <p> + When, before God and man, I wedded Mademoiselle de Nemours, whose + worthy mother led her to the altar, his Majesty refused to sign the + marriage contract, and told Madame de Nemours that it would never be + considered valid. + </p> + <p> + Soon afterwards the Bishop of Laon, who has complete influence over + Madame de Vendome, declared as null and void—a marriage + negotiated and consecrated by himself, and thus a bond made in heaven + has been broken on earth. + </p> + <p> + Such treatment as this, I confess, seemed to us to exceed the bounds + of humanity and of justice. My uncle and I quitted France,—the + France that persecutes and harasses us, that desires the destruction + of our family and the forcible union of our territory with her own. + </p> + <p> + The late Queen, of illustrious and glorious memory, disapproved of + Richelieu's injustice towards us. Under the ministry of the Cardinal, + his successor, she often, in noble fashion, held out to us a helping + hand. How comes it that the King, who in face is her living image, + does not desire to be like her in heart? + </p> + <p> + I address myself to you, madame, who by your beauty and Spiritual + charm hold such imperious sway over his decisions, and I implore you + to undertake our defence. My uncle and I, his rightful and duteous + heir, offer the King devoted homage and unswerving fealty. We offer to + forget the past, to put our hearts and our swords at his service. Let + him withdraw his troops and those standards of his that have brought + terror and grief to our unhappy Lorraine. I offer to marry + Mademoiselle de Thianges, your beautiful and charming niece, and to + make her happy, and to surrender all any estates to the King of + France, if I die without male issue or heirs of any sort. + </p> + <p> + I know your kind-heartedness, madame, by a niece who is your picture. + In your hands I place her interests and my fate. I await your message + with impatience, and I shall receive it with courage if you fail to + obtain that which you ought to obtain. + </p> + <p> + Be assured, madame, of my unbounded admiration and respect. + </p> + <p> + CHARLES + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + I at once went to my house at Clagny, whither I privately summoned Madame + de Thianges. On reading this letter, my sister was moved to tears, for she + had always deeply felt how unjustly this family had been treated. She was + also personally attached to this same Prince Charles, whom to see was to + love. + </p> + <p> + We read this letter through thrice, and each time we found it more + admirable; the embarrassing thing was how to dare to let his Majesty know + its contents. However temperate the allusions to himself, there was still + the reproach of injustice and barbarity, set against the clemency of Anne + of Austria, and her generous compassion. + </p> + <p> + My sister said to me, "Go boldly to work in the matter. Despite your three + children, the King leaves you merely a marquise; and for my own part, if + my daughter becomes Duchesse do Lorraine, I promise you the Principality + of Vaudemont." + </p> + <p> + "It is quite true," I replied; "his conduct is inexplicable. To Madame + Scarron, who was only the governess of his children, he gives one of the + first marquisates of France, while to me, who have borne these three + children (with infinite pain), I admit he has only given some jewelry, + some money, and this pretty castle of Clagny." + </p> + <p> + "You are as clever as can be, my dear Athenais," said Madame de Thianges, + "but, as a matter of fact, your cleverness is not of a business kind. You + don't look after yourself, but let yourself be neglected; you don't push + yourself forward enough, nor stand upon your dignity as you ought to do. + </p> + <p> + "The little lame woman had hardly been brought to bed of Mademoiselle de + Blois, when she was made Duchesse de Vaujours and de la Valliere. + </p> + <p> + "Gabrielle d'Estrees, directly she appeared, was proclaimed Duchesse de + Beaufort. + </p> + <p> + "Diane de Poitiers was Duchesse de Valentinois and a princess. It's only + you who are nobody, and your relations also are about the same! Make the + most of this grand opportunity; help the Prince of Lorraine, and the + Prince of Lorraine will help you." + </p> + <p> + On our return from the chateau, while our resolution was yet firm, we went + laughing to the King. He asked the reason of our gaiety. My sister said + with her wonted ease, "Sire, I have come to invite you to my daughter's + wedding." + </p> + <p> + "Your daughter? Don't you think I am able to get her properly married?" + cried the King. + </p> + <p> + "Sire, you cannot do it better than I can myself. I am giving her a + sovereign as husband, a sovereign in every sense of the term." + </p> + <p> + It seemed to me the King flushed slightly as he rejoined, "A sovereign on + his feet, or a sovereign overthrown?" + </p> + <p> + "How do you mean, Sire?" said my sister. + </p> + <p> + "Madame de Thianges," replied the King, "pray, let us be friends. I was + informed two days ago of the proposals of the Messieurs de Lorraine; it is + not, yet time to give them a definite reply. It behoves, me to give your + daughter in marriage, and I have destined her for the Duc de Nevers, who + is wealthy, and my friend." + </p> + <p> + "The Duc de Nevers!" cried my sister; "why, he's cracked for six months in + the year." + </p> + <p> + "Those who are cracked for a whole twelvemonth deserve far more pity," + replied the King. + </p> + <p> + Then, turning to me, he observed, "You make no remark, madame? Does your + niece's coronation provide you also with illusions?" + </p> + <p> + I easily perceived that we had been cherishing an utterly fantastic + scheme, and I counselled Madame de Thianges to prefer to please the King; + and, as she was never able to control her feelings, she sharply replied, + "Madame la Marquise, good day or good night!" + </p> + <p> + The King, however, did not relax his persistence in giving us the Duc de + Nevers as son-in-law and nephew; and as this young gentleman's one fault + is to require perpetual amusement, partly derived from poetry and partly + from incessant travelling, my niece is as happy with him as a woman who + takes her husband's place well can be. As soon as he gets to Paris, he + wants to return to Rome, and hardly has he reached Rome, when he has the + horses put to for Paris. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Mortemart, Abbess of Fontevrault.—She Comes to + Court.—The Cloister.—Her Success at Court.—Her Opinion + Respecting Madame de Montespan's Intimacy with the King. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + My second sister, Mademoiselle de Mortemart, was so unfortunate as to fall + in love with a young Knight of Malta, doomed from his birth and by his + family to celibacy. Having set out upon his caravans,—[Sea-fights + against the Turks and the pirates of the Mediterranean.]—he was + killed in combat by the Algerians. + </p> + <p> + Such was Mademoiselle de Mortemart's grief that life became unbearable to + her. Beautiful, witty, and accomplished, she quitted the world where she + was beloved, and, at the age of seventeen, took the veil at Fontevrault. + </p> + <p> + So severely had she blamed the conduct of Mademoiselle de la Valliere, + while often vehemently denouncing that which she termed the disorder at + Court, that, since the birth of the Duc du Maine, I had not gone to the + convent to see her. We were like unto persons both most anxious to break + off an intimacy and yet who had not done so. + </p> + <p> + The Duc de Lorraine was known to her. He wrote to her, begging her to make + it up with me, so as to further his own ends. To gratify him, and mainly + because of her attachment to Prince Charles, my sister actually wrote to + me, asking for my intervention and what she termed my support. + </p> + <p> + Nuns always profess to be, and think that they are, cut off from the + world. But the fact is, they care far more for mundane grandeur than we + do. Madame de Thianges and her sister would have given their very heart's + blood to see my niece the bride of a royal prince. + </p> + <p> + One day the King said to me, "The Marquise de Thianges complains that I + have as yet done nothing for your family; there is a wealthy abbey that + has just become vacant; I am going to give it to your sister, the nun; + since last night she is the Abbess of Fontevrault." + </p> + <p> + I thanked the King, as it behoved me to do, and he added, "Your brother + shall be made a duke at once. I am going to appoint him general of Royal + Galleys, and after one or two campaigns he will have a marshal's baton." + </p> + <p> + "And what about me, Sire?" said I. "What, may it please your Majesty, + shall I get from the distribution of all these favours and emoluments?" I + laughingly asked the question. + </p> + <p> + "You, madame?" he replied. "To you I made a present of my heart, which is + not altogether worthless; yet, as it is possible that, when this heart + shall have ceased to beat, you may have to maintain your rank, I will give + you the charming retreat of Petit-Bourg, near Fontainebleau." + </p> + <p> + Saying this, his face wore a sad look, and I was sorry that I asked him + for anything. He is fond of giving, and of giving generously, but of his + own accord, without the least prompting. Had I refrained from committing + this indiscretion, he might, possibly, have made me a duchess there and + then, renaming Petit-Bourg Royal-Bourg. + </p> + <p> + The new abbess of Fontevrault, caring less now for claustral seclusion, + equipped her new residence in very sumptuous style. In a splendid carriage + she came to thank the King and kiss hands. With much tact and dignity she + encountered the scrutiny of the royal family and of the Court. Her manners + showed her to have been a person brought up in the great world, and + possessed of all the tact and delicacy which her position as well as mine + required. + </p> + <p> + As she embraced me, she sighed; yet, instantly recovering herself, she + made the excuse that so many ceremonious greetings and compliments had + fatigued her. + </p> + <p> + It was not long before the King joined us, who said, "Madame, I never + thought that there was much amusement to be got by wearing the veil. Now, + you must admit that days in a convent seem very long to any one who has + wit and intelligence." + </p> + <p> + "Sire," replied my sister, "the first fifteen or twenty months are + wearisome, I readily confess. Then comes discouragement; after that, + habit; and then one grows resigned to one's fetters from the mere pleasure + of existence." + </p> + <p> + "Did you meet with any good friends among your associates?" + </p> + <p> + "In such assemblies," rejoined the Abbess, "one can form no attachment or + durable friendship. The reason for this is simple. If the companion you + choose is religious in all sincerity, she is perforce a slave to every + little rule and regulation, and to her it would seem like defrauding the + Deity to give affection to any one but to Him. If, by mischance, you meet + with some one of sensitive temperament, with a bright intellect that + matches your own, you lay yourself open to be the mournful sharer of her + griefs, doubts, and regrets, and her depression reacts upon you; her + sorrow makes your melancholy return. Privation conjures up countless + illusions and every chimera imaginable, so that the peaceful retreat of + virgins of the Lord becomes a veritable hell, peopled by phantoms that + groan in torture!" + </p> + <p> + "Oh, madame!" exclaimed the King. "What a picture is this! What a + spectacle you present to our view!" + </p> + <p> + "Fortunately," continued Mademoiselle de Mortemart, "in convents girls of + intelligence are all too rare. The greater number of them are colourless + persons, devoid of imagination or fire. To exiles like these, any country, + any climate would seem good; to flaccid, crushed natures of this type, + every belief would seem authoritative, every religion holy and divine. + Fifteen hundred years ago these nuns would have made excellent vestal + virgins, watchful and resigned. What they need is abstinence, + prohibitions, thwartings, things contrary to nature. By conforming to most + rigorous rules, they consider themselves suffering beings who deserve + heavy recompense; and the Carmelite or Trappist sister, who macerates + herself by the hair-shirt or the cilex, would look upon God as a false or + wicked Being, if, after such cruel torment, He did not promptly open to + her the gates of Paradise. + </p> + <p> + "Sire," added the Abbess de Fontevrault, "I have three nuns in my convent + who take the Holy Communion every other day, and whom my predecessor could + never bring herself to absolve for some old piece of nonsense of twenty + years back." + </p> + <p> + "Do you think you will be able to manage them, madame?" asked the King, + laughing. + </p> + <p> + "I am afraid not," replied my sister. "Those are three whom one could + never manage, and your Majesty on the throne may possibly have fewer + difficulties to deal with than the abbess or the prior of a convent." + </p> + <p> + The King was obliged to quit us to go and see one of the ministers, but he + honoured the Abbess by telling her that she was excellent company, of + which he could never have too much. + </p> + <p> + My sister wished to see Madame de Maintenon and the Duc du Maine; so we + visited that lady, who took a great liking to the Abbess, which was + reciprocated. + </p> + <p> + When my sister saw the young Duc du Maine, she exclaimed, "How handsome he + is! Oh, sister, how fond I shall be of such a nephew!" + </p> + <p> + "Then," said I, "you will forgive me, won't you, for having given birth to + him?" + </p> + <p> + "When I reproached you," she answered, "I had not yet seen the King. When + one has seen him, everything is excusable and everything is right. Embrace + me, my dear sister, and do not let us forget that I owe my abbey to you, + as well as my independence, fortune, and liberty." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 3. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + M. de Lauzun and Mademoiselle de Montpensier.—Marriage of the One + and Passion of the Other.—The King Settles a Match.—A Secret + Union.—The King Sends M. de Lauzun to Pignerol.—The Life He + Leads There.—Mademoiselle's Liberality.—Strange Way of + Acknowledging It. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + They are forever talking about the coquetry of women; men also have their + coquetry, but as they show less grace and finesse than we do, they do not + get half as much attention. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Lauzun, having one day, noticed a certain kindly feeling + for him in the glances of Mademoiselle, endeavoured to seem to her every + day more fascinating and agreeable. The foolish Princess completely fell + into the snare, and suddenly giving up her air of noble indifference, + which till then had made her life happy, she fell madly in love with a + schemer who despised and detested her. + </p> + <p> + Held back for some months by her pride, as also by the exigencies of + etiquette, she only disclosed her sentimental passion by glances and a + mutual exchange of signs of approval; but at last she was tired of + self-restraint and martyrdom, and, detaining M. de Lauzun one day in a + recess, she placed her written offer of marriage in his hand. + </p> + <p> + The cunning Marquis feigned astonishment, pretending humbly to renounce + such honour, while increasing his wiles and fascinations; he even went so + far as to shed tears, his most difficult feat of all. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Montpensier, older than he by twelve or fourteen years, + never suspected that such a disparity of years was visible in her face. + When one has been pretty, one imagines that one is still so, and will + forever remain so. Plastered up and powdered, consumed by passion, and + above all, blinded by vanity, she fancied that Nature had to obey princes, + and that, to favour her, Time would stay his flight. + </p> + <p> + Though tired and bored with everything, Lauzun, the better to excite her + passion, put on timid, languid airs, like those of some lad fresh from + school. Quitting the embraces of some other woman, he played the lonely, + pensive, melancholy bachelor, the man absorbed by this sweet, new mystery + of love. + </p> + <p> + Having made mutual avowal of their passion, which was fill of esteem, + Lauzun inquired, merely from motives of caution, as to the Princess's + fortune; and she did not fail to tell him everything, even about her plate + and jewels. Lauzun's love grew even more ardent now, for she had at least + forty millions, not counting her palace. + </p> + <p> + He asked if, by the marriage, he would become a prince, and she replied + that she, herself, had not sufficient power to do this; that she was most + anxious to arrange this, if she could; but anyhow, that she could make him + Duc de Montpensier, with a private uncontrolled income of five hundred + thousand livres. + </p> + <p> + He asked if, on the family coat-of-arms, the husband's coronet was to + figure, or the wife's; but, as she would not change her name, her arms, + she decided, could remain as heretofore,—the crown, the + fleur-de-lis, and so forth. + </p> + <p> + He inquired if the children of the marriage would rank as princes, and she + said that she saw nothing to prevent this. He also asked if he would be + raised higher in the peerage, and might look to being made a prince at + last, and styled Highness as soon as the contract had been signed. + </p> + <p> + This caused some doubt and reflection. "The King, my cousin," said + Mademoiselle, "is somewhat strict in matters of this sort. He seems to + think that the royal family is a new arch-saint, at whom one may look only + when prostrate in adoration; all contract therewith is absolutely + forbidden. I begin to feel uneasy about this; yes, Lauzun, I have fears + for our love and marriage." + </p> + <p> + "Are you, then, afraid?" asked Lauzun, quite crestfallen. + </p> + <p> + "I knew how to point the Bastille cannon at the troops of the King," she + replied; "but he was very young then. No matter, I will go and see him; if + he is my King, I am his cousin; if he has his crotchets, I have my love + and my will. He can't do anything, my dear Lauzun; I love you as once he + loved La Valliere, as to-day he loves Montespan; I am not afraid of him. + As for the permission, I know our history by heart, and I will prove to + him by a hundred examples that, from the time of Charlemagne up to the + present time, widows and daughters of kings have married mere noblemen. + These nobleman may have been most meritorious,—I only know them from + history,—but not one of them was as worthy as you." + </p> + <p> + So saying, she asked for her fan, her gloves, and her horses, and attended + by her grooms-in-waiting, she went to the King in person. + </p> + <p> + The King listened to her from beginning to end, and then remarked, "You + refused the Kings of Denmark, Portugal, Spain, and England, and you wish + to marry my captain of the guard, the Marquis de Lauzun?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Sire, for I place him above all monarchs,—yourself alone + excepted." + </p> + <p> + "Do you love him immensely?" + </p> + <p> + "More than I can possibly say; a thousand, a hundred thousand times more + than myself." + </p> + <p> + "Do you think he is equally devoted to you?"—"That would be + impossible," she tranquilly answered; "but his love for me is delicate, + tender; and such friendship suffices me." + </p> + <p> + "My cousin, in all that there is self-interest. I entreat you to reflect. + The world, as you know, is a mocking world; you want to excite universal + derision and injure the respect which is due to the place that I fill." + </p> + <p> + "Ah, Sire, do not wound me! I fling myself at your feet. Have compassion + upon M. de Lauzun, and pity my tears. Do not exercise your power; let him + be the consolation of my life; let me marry him." + </p> + <p> + The King, no longer able to hide his disgust and impatience, said, + "Cousin, you are now a good forty-four years old; at that age you ought to + be able to take care of yourself. Spare me all your grievances, and do + what pleases you." + </p> + <p> + On leaving Mademoiselle, he came to my apartment and told me about all + this nonsense. I then informed him of what I had heard by letter the day + before. Lauzun, while still carrying on with the fastest ladies of the + Court and the town, had just wheedled the Princess into making him a + present of twenty millions,—a most extravagant gift. + </p> + <p> + "This is too much!" exclaimed the King; and he at once caused a letter to + be despatched to Mademoiselle and her lover, telling them that their + intimacy must cease, and that things must go no farther. + </p> + <p> + But the audacious Lauzun found means to suborn a well-meaning simpleton of + a priest, who married them secretly the very same day. + </p> + <p> + The King's indignation and resentment may well be imagined. He had his + captain of the guard arrested and sent as a prisoner to Pignerol. + </p> + <p> + On this occasion, M. de Lauzun complained bitterly of me; he invented the + most absurd tales about me, even saying that he had struck me in my own + apartments, after taunting me to my face with "our old intimacy." + </p> + <p> + That is false; he reproached me with nothing, for there was nothing to + reproach. Shortly after the Princess's grand scene, he came and begged me + to intercede on his behalf. I only made a sort of vague promise, and he + knew well enough that, in the great world, a vague promise is the same as + a refusal. + </p> + <p> + For more than six months I had to stanch the tears and assuage the grief + of Mademoiselle. So tiresome to me did this prove, that she alone + well-nigh sufficed to make me quit the Court. + </p> + <p> + Such sorrowing and chagrin made her lose the little beauty that still + remained to her; nothing seemed more incongruous and ridiculous than to + hear this elderly grand lady talking perpetually about "her dearest + darling, the prisoner." + </p> + <p> + At the time I write he is at Pignerol; his bad disposition is forever + getting him into trouble. She sends him lots of money unknown to the King, + who generally knows everything. All this money he squanders or gambles + away, and when funds are low, says, "The old lady will send us some." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Hyde, the Chancellor.—Misfortune Not Always Misfortune.—Prince + Comnenus.—The King at Petit-Bourg.—His Incognito.—Who M. + de Vivonne Really Was. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The castle of Petit-Bourg, of which the King made me a present, is situate + on a height overlooking the Seine, whence one may get the loveliest of + views. So pleasant did I find this charming abode, that I repaired thither + as often as possible, and stayed for five or six days. One balmy summer + night, I sat in my dressing-gown at the central balcony, watching the + stars, as was my wont, asking myself whether I should not be a thousand + times happier if I should pass my life in a retreat like this, and so have + time to contemplate the glorious works of Nature, and to prepare myself + for that separation which sooner or later awaited me. Reason bade me + encourage such thoughts, yet my heart offered opposition thereto, urging + that there was something terrifying in solitude, most of all here, amid + vast fields and meadows, and that, away from the Court and all my friends, + I should grow old, and death would take me before my time. While plunged + in such thoughts, I suddenly heard the sound of a tocsin, and scanning the + horizon, I saw flames and smoke rising from some hamlet or country-house. + I rang for my servants, and told them instantly to despatch horsemen to + the scene of the catastrophe, and bring back news. + </p> + <p> + The messengers started off, and soon came back to say that the fire had + broken out at the residence of my lord Hyde, Chancellor of England, who + was but lately convalescent. They had seen him lying upon a rug on the + grass, some little distance from the burning mansion. I forthwith ordered + my carriage to be sent for him, and charged my surgeon and secretary to + invite him to take shelter at my castle. + </p> + <p> + My lord gratefully accepted the invitation; he entered my room as the + clock struck twelve. As yet he could not tell the cause of the disaster, + and in a calm, patriarchal manner observed, "I am a man marked out for + great misfortune. God forbid, madame, that the mischance which dogs my + footsteps touch you also!" + </p> + <p> + "I cannot bear to see a fire," said I, in reply to the English nobleman, + "for some dreadful accident always results therefrom. Yet, on the whole, + they are of good augury, and I am sure, my lord, that your health or your + affairs will benefit by this accident." + </p> + <p> + Hearing me talk thus, my lord smiled. He only took some slight + refreshment,—a little soup,—and heard me give orders for all + my available servants to be sent to the scene of disaster, in order to + save all his furniture, and protect it as well. + </p> + <p> + After repeated expressions of his gratitude, he desired to withdraw, and + retired to rest. Next day we learnt that the fire had been got under about + one o'clock in the morning; one wing only of the chateau had been + destroyed, and the library, together with all the linen and plate, was + well-nigh intact. Lord Hyde was very glad to hear the news. They told him + that all the labourers living near had gladly come to the help of his + servants and mine. As his private cashbox had been saved, owing to their + vigilance and honesty, he promised to distribute its contents among them + when he returned. + </p> + <p> + Hardly had he got the words out, when they came to tell me that, on the + highroad, just in front of my gates, a carriage, bound for Paris, had the + traces broken, and the travellers persons of distinction begged the favour + of my hospitality for a short while. I consented with pleasure, and they + went back to take the travellers my answer. + </p> + <p> + "You see, madame," said the Chancellor, "my bad luck is contagious; no + sooner have I set foot in this enchanting abode than its atmosphere + deteriorates. A travelling-carriage passes rapidly by in front of the + gates, when lo! some invisible hand breaks it to pieces, and stops it from + proceeding any further." + </p> + <p> + Then I replied, "But how do you know, monsieur, that this mishap may not + prove a most agreeable adventure for the travellers to whom we are about + to give shelter? To begin with, they will have the honour of making your + acquaintance, and to meet with an illustrious person is no common or + frivolous event." + </p> + <p> + The servants announced the Princes Comnenus, who immediately entered the + salon. Though dressed in travelling-costume, with embroidered gaiters, in + the Greek fashion, it was easy to see what they were. The son, a lad of + fourteen, was presented to me by his father, and when both were seated, I + introduced them to the Chancellor. + </p> + <p> + "The name is well known," observed the Prince, "even in Greece. My lord + married his daughter to the heir-presumptive to the English throne, and + England, being by nature ungrateful, has distressed this worthy parent, + while robbing him of all his possessions." + </p> + <p> + At these words Lord Hyde became greatly affected; he could not restrain + his tears, and fearing at first to compromise himself, he told us that his + exile was voluntary and self-imposed, or very nearly so. + </p> + <p> + After complimenting the Chancellor of a great kingdom, Prince Comnenus + thought that he ought to say something courteous and flattering to myself. + </p> + <p> + "Madame," quoth he, "it is only now, after asking for hospitality and + generously obtaining it, that I and my son have learnt the name of the + lady who has so graciously granted us admission to this most lovely place. + For a moment we hesitated in awe. But now our eyes behold her whom all + Europe admires, whom a great King favours with his friendship and + confidence. What strange chances befall one in life! Could I ever have + foreseen so fortunate a mishap!" + </p> + <p> + I briefly replied to this amiable speech, and invited the travellers to + spend, at least, one day with us. They gladly accepted, and each retired + to his apartment until the time came for driving out. Dinner was laid, and + on the point of being served, when the King, who was on his way from + Fontainebleau, suddenly entered my room. He had heard something about a + fire, and came to see what had happened. I at once informed him, telling + him, moreover, that I had the Duke of York's father-in-law staying with me + at the moment. + </p> + <p> + "Lord Hyde, the Chancellor?" exclaimed the King. "I have never seen him, + and have always been desirous to make his acquaintance. The opportunity is + an easy and favourable one." + </p> + <p> + "But that is not all, Sire; I have other guests to meet you," said I. + </p> + <p> + "And who may they be?" inquired the King, smiling. "Just because I have + come in rough-and-ready plight, your house is full of people." + </p> + <p> + "But they are in rough-and-ready plight as well," I answered; "so your + Majesties must mutually excuse each other." + </p> + <p> + "Are you in fun or in earnest?" asked his Majesty. "Have you really got + some king stowed away in one of your rooms?" + </p> + <p> + "Not a king, Sire, but an emperor,—the Emperor of Constantinople and + Trebizond, accompanied by the Prince Imperial, his son. You shall see two + Greek profiles of the best sort, two finely cut noses, albeit hooked, and + almond-shaped eyes, like those of Achilles and Agamemnon." + </p> + <p> + Then the King said, "Send for your groom of the chambers at once, and tell + him to give orders that my incognito be strictly observed. You must + introduce me to these dignitaries as your brother, M. de Vivonne. Under + these conditions, I will join your party at table; otherwise, I should be + obliged to leave the castle immediately." + </p> + <p> + The King's wishes were promptly complied with; the footmen were let into + the secret, and I introduced "Monsieur de Vivonne" to my guests. + </p> + <p> + The talk, without being sparkling, was pleasant enough until dessert. When + the men-servants left us, it assumed a very different character. The King + induced the Chancellor to converse, and asked him if his exile were owing + to the English monarch personally, or to some parliamentary intrigue. + </p> + <p> + "King Charles," replied his lordship, "is a prince to gauge whose + character requires long study. Apparently, he is the very soul of candour, + but no one is more deceitful than he. He fawns and smiles upon you when in + his heart of hearts he despises and loathe you. When the Duke of York, + unfortunately, became violently enamoured of my daughter, he did not + conceal his attachment from his brother, the King, and at last asked for + his approval to join his fortunes to my daughter's, when the King, without + offering opposition, contented himself by pointing out the relative + distance between their rank and position; to which the Duke replied, 'But + at one time you did everything you possibly could to get Olympia Mancini, + who was merely Mazarin's niece!' And King Charles, who could not deny + this, left his brother complete liberty of action. + </p> + <p> + "As my daughter was far dearer and more precious to me than social + grandeur, I begged the Duke of York to find for himself a partner of + exalted rank. He gave way to despair, and spoke of putting an end to his + existence; in fact, he behaved as all lovers do whom passion touches to + madness; so this baleful marriage took place. God is my witness that I + opposed it, urged thereto by wisdom, by modesty, and by foresight. Now, as + you see, from that cruel moment I have been exiled to alien lands, robbed + of the sight of my beloved child, who has been raised to the rank of a + princess, and whom I shall never see again. Why did my sovereign not say + to me frankly, I do not like this marriage; you must oppose it, + Chancellor, to please me? + </p> + <p> + "How different was his conduct from that of his cousin, the French King! + Mademoiselle d'Orleans wanted to make an unsuitable match; the King + opposed it, as he had a right to do, and the marriage did not take place." + </p> + <p> + My "brother," the King, smiled as he told his lordship he was right. + </p> + <p> + Prince Comnenus was of the same opinion, and, being expressly invited to + do so, he briefly recounted his adventures, and stated the object of his + journey to Paris. + </p> + <p> + "The whole world," said he, "is aware of the great misfortunes of my + family. The Emperors Andronicus and Michael Comnenus, driven from the + throne of Constantinople, left their names within the heart and memory of + Greece; they had ruled the West with a gentle sceptre, and in a people's + grateful remembrance they had their reward. My ancestors, their + descendants, held sway in Trebizond, a quicksand which gave way beneath + their tread. From adversity to adversity, from country to country, we were + finally driven to seclusion in the Isle of Candia, part of the quondam + Minos territory. Venice had allowed Candia to fall before Mahomet's bloody + sword. Europe lost her bulwark, the Cross of the Saviour was thrown down, + and the Candian Christians have been massacred or forced to flee. I have + left in the hands of the conqueror my fields and forests, my summer + palace, my winter palace, and my gardens filled with the produce of + America, Asia, and Europe. From this overwhelming disaster I managed to + save my son; and as my sole fortune I brought away with me the large + jewels of Andronicus, his ivory and sapphire sceptre, his scimitar of + Lemnos, and his ancient gold crown, which once encircled Theseus's brow. + </p> + <p> + "These noble relics I shall present to the King of France. They say that + he is humane, generous, fond of glory, and zealous in the cause of + justice. When before his now immovable throne he sees laid down these last + relics of an ancient race, perhaps he will be touched by so lamentable a + downfall, and will not suffer distress to trouble my last days, and darken + the early years of this my child." + </p> + <p> + During this speech I kept watching the King's face. I saw that he was + interested, then touched, and at last was on the point of forgetting his + incognito and of appearing in his true character. + </p> + <p> + "Prince," said he to the Greek traveller, "my duties and my devotion make + it easy for me to approach the King of France's person very closely. In + four or five days he will be leaving Fontainebleau for his palace at Saint + Germain. I will tell him without modification all that I have just heard + from you. Without being either prophet or seer, I can guarantee that you + will be well received and cordially welcomed, receiving such benefits as + kings are bound to yield to kings. + </p> + <p> + "Madame, who respects and is interested in you, is desirous, I feel + certain, for me to persuade you to stay here until her departure; she + enjoys royal favour, and it is my sister herself who shall present you at + Court. You shall show her, you shall show us all, the golden crown of + Theseus, the sceptre of Adronicus, and this brow which I gaze upon and + revere, for it deserves a kingly diamond. + </p> + <p> + "As for you, my lord," said his Majesty to the English nobleman, "if the + misfortune of last night prove disastrous in more ways than one, pray wait + for a while before you go back to the smouldering ashes of a + half-extinguished fire. My sister takes pleasure in your company; indeed, + the Marquise is charmed to be able to entertain three such distinguished + guests, and begs to place her chateau at your disposal until such time as + your own shall be restored. We shall speak of you to the King, and he will + certainly endeavour to induce King Charles, his cousin, to recall you to + your native country." + </p> + <p> + Then, after saying one or two words to me in private, he bowed to the + gentlemen and withdrew. We went out on to the balcony to see him get into + his coach, when, to the surprise and astonishment of my guests, as the + carriage passed along the avenue, about a hundred peasants, grouped near + the gateway, threw off their hats and cried, "Long live the King!" + </p> + <p> + Prince Comnenus and his son were inconsolable; I excused myself by saying + that it was at the express desire of our royal visitor, and my lord + admitted that at last he recollected his features, and recognised him by + his grand and courtly address. + </p> + <p> + Before I end my tale, do not let me forget to say that the King strongly + recommended Prince Comnenus to the Republic of Genoa, and obtained for him + considerable property in Corsica and a handsome residence at Ajaccio. He + accepted five or six beautiful jewels that had belonged to Andronicus, and + caused the sum of twelve hundred thousand francs to be paid to the young + Comnenus from his treasury. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXVII + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Universal Jubilee.—Court Preachers.—King David.—Madame + de Montespan is Obliged to go to Clagny.—Bossuet's Mission.—Mademoiselle + de Mauleon.—An Enemy's Good Faith. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + I do not desire to hold up to ridicule the rites of that religion in which + I was born and bred. Neither would I disparage its ancient usages, nor its + far more modern laws. All religions, as I know, have their peculiarities, + all nations their contradictions, but I must be suffered to complain of + the abuse sometimes made in our country of clerical and priestly + authority. + </p> + <p> + A general jubilee was held soon after the birth of my second son, and + among Christian nations like ours, a jubilee is as if one said, "Now all + statutes, divine and earthly, are repealed; by means of certain formula + recited, certain visits paid to the temples, certain acts of abstinence + practised here and there, all sins, misdemeanours, and crimes are + forgiven, and their punishment cancelled." It is generally on the occasion + of the proclamation of a new pontificate at Rome that such great papal + absolutions are extended over the whole universe. + </p> + <p> + The jubilee having been proclaimed in Paris, the Court preachers worked + miracles. They denounced all social irregularities and friendships of + which the Church disapproved. The opening sermon showed plainly that the + orator's eloquence was pointed at myself. The second preacher showed even + less restraint; he almost mentioned me by name. The third ecclesiastic + went beyond all bounds, actually uttering the following words: + </p> + <p> + "Sire, when King David was still but a shepherd, a heifer was stolen from + his flocks; David made complaint to the patriarch of the land, when his + heifer was restored to him, and the thief was punished. + </p> + <p> + "When David came to the throne, he carried off his servant's wife, and as + an excuse for such an odious deed, he pleaded the young woman's extreme + beauty. The wretched servant besought him to obey the voice, not of + passion, but of justice, and the servant was disgraced and perished + miserably. Oh, David, unhappy David!" + </p> + <p> + The King, who had found it hard to sit quiet and hear such insults, said + to me that evening: + </p> + <p> + "Go to Clagny. Let this stormy weather pass by. When it is fine again, you + must come back." + </p> + <p> + Having never run counter to the wishes of the father of my children, I + acquiesced, and without further delay gladly departed. + </p> + <p> + Next day, Madame de Montausier came to see me at my country-house; she + told me of the general rumour that was afloat at Court. The news, said + she, of my retirement had begun to get about; three bishops had gone to + congratulate the King, and these gentlemen had despatched couriers to + Paris to inform the heads of the various parishes, inviting them to write + to the prince sympathising references touching an event which God and all + Christendom viewed with complete satisfaction. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Montausier assured me that the King's bearing was fairly calm on + the whole, and she also added that he had granted an interview of half an + hour at least to the Abbe Bossuet, who had discoursed to him about me in a + strain similar to that of the other clerics. + </p> + <p> + She was my sincere friend; she promised to come to Clagny every evening, + driving thither incognito. + </p> + <p> + She had hardly been gone an hour, when my footman announced "Monsieur + Bossuet, Bishop of Condom." + </p> + <p> + At the mention of this name, I felt momentarily inclined to refuse to see + its owner; but I conquered my disgust, and I did well. The prelate, with + his semi-clerical, semi-courtly air, made me a low bow. I calmly waited, + so as to give him time to deliver his message. The famous rhetorician + proceeded as follows: + </p> + <p> + "You know, madame, with what health-giving sacrifices the Church is now + engaged. The merits of our Lord doubtless protect Christians at all times, + but the Church has appointed times more efficacious, ceremonies more + useful, springs yet more abounding. Thus it is that we now celebrate the + grand nine days of the jubilee. + </p> + <p> + "To this mystic pool herdsman and monarchs alike receive summons and + admission. The most Christian King must, for his own sake, accomplish his + own sanctification; his sanctification provides for that of his subjects. + </p> + <p> + "Chosen by God to this royal priesthood, he comprehends the duties imposed + upon him by such noble office. The passions of the heart are maladies from + which man may recover, just as he recovers from physical disease. The + physicians of the soul have lifted up their voice, have taken sage counsel + together; and I come to inform you of the monarch's miraculous recovery, + and at his request, I bring you this important and welcome news. + </p> + <p> + "For convalescents, greater care is required than for others; the King, + and the whole of France, beseech you, with my voice, to have respect and + care for the convalescence of our monarch, and I beg you, madame, to leave + at once for Fontevrault." + </p> + <p> + "For Fontevrault?" I cried, without betraying my emotion. "Fontevrault is + near Poitiers; it is too far away. No, I would rather go to Petit-Bourg, + near the forest of Fontainebleau." + </p> + <p> + "Fontainebleau is but eighteen leagues from the capital," he answered; + "such proximity would be dangerous. I must insist upon Fontevrault, + madame." + </p> + <p> + "But I cannot take my children to Fontevrault," I retorted; "the nuns, and + the Abbess herself, would never admit them. You know better than I do that + it is a nunnery." + </p> + <p> + "Your children," said he, "are not necessary to you; Madame de la Valliere + managed to leave here for good and all." + </p> + <p> + "Yes; and in forsaking them she committed a crime," I answered; "only + ferocious-hearted persons could have counselled her or commanded her to do + so." And saying this, I rose, and gave him a glance of disdain. + </p> + <p> + He grew somewhat gentler in manner as he slowly went on, "His Majesty will + take care of your children; it behoves you to save their mother. And, in + order to prove to you that I have not come here of my own accord, but + that, on the contrary, I am executing a formal command, here is a letter + of farewell addressed to you by the King." + </p> + <p> + I took the letter, which was couched in the following terms: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + It is but right, madame, that on so solemn an occasion I should set an + example myself. I must ask you henceforth to consider our intimacy + entirely at an end. You must retire to Fontevrault, where Madame de + Montemart will take care of you and afford you distraction by her + charming society. Your children are in good hands; do not be in the + least uneasy about them. Farewell. I wish you all the firmness and + well-being possible.<br /> LOUISON. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + In the first flush of my indignation I was about to trample under foot so + offensive a communication. But the final phrase shocked me less than the + others. + </p> + <p> + I read it over again, and understood that if the King recommended me to be + firm, it was because he needed to be firm himself. I soon mastered my + emotion, and looked at things in their real light. It was easy to see that + sanctimonious fanatics had forced the King to act. Bossuet was not + sanctimonious, but, to serve his own ends, proffered himself as spokesman + and emissary, being anxious to prove to his old colleagues that he was on + the side of what they styled moral conduct and good example. + </p> + <p> + For a while I walked up and down my salon; but the least exertion fatigues + me. I resumed my armchair or my settee, leaving the man there like a sort + of messenger, whom it was not necessary to treat with any respect. He was + bold, and asked me for a definite answer which he could take back to his + Majesty. I stared hard at him for about a minute, and then said: "My Lord + Bishop of Condom, the clerics who have been advising the King are very + pleased that he should set an example to his people of self-sacrifice. I + am of their opinion; I think as they do, as you do, as the Pope does; but + feeling convinced that to us, the innocent sheep, the shepherds ought + first to show an example, I will consent to break off my relationship with + his Majesty when you, M. de Condom, shall have broken off your intimacy + with Mademoiselle de Mauleon des Vieux!" + </p> + <p> + By a retort of this kind I admit that I hoped greatly to embarrass the + Bishop, and enjoy seeing his face redden with confusion. But he was nowise + disconcerted, and I confess to-day that this circumstance proved to me + that there was but little truth in the rumours that were current with + regard to this subject. + </p> + <p> + "Mademoiselle de Mauleon!" said he, smiling half-bitterly, half-pityingly. + "Surely, madame, your grief makes you forget what you say. Everybody knows + that she is an acquaintance of my youth, and that, since that time, having + confidence in my doctrines and my counsel, she wished to have me as + spiritual monitor and guide. How can you institute a comparison between + such a relationship and your own?" Then, after walking up and down for a + moment, as if endeavouring to regain his self-possession, he continued: + </p> + <p> + "However, I shall not insist further; it was signally foolish of me to + speak in the name of an earthly king, when I should have invoked that of + the King of Heaven. I have received an insulting answer. So be it. + </p> + <p> + "Farewell, madame. I leave you to your own conscience, which, seemingly, + is so tranquil that I blame myself for having sought to disturb it." + </p> + <p> + With these words he departed, leaving me much amazed at the patience with + which a man, known to be so arrogant and haughty, had received such an + onslaught upon his private life and reputation. + </p> + <p> + I need scarcely say that, next day, the species of pastoral letter which + my lords the Bishops of Aleth, Orleans, Soissons, and Condom had dictated + to the King was succeeded by another letter, which he had dictated + himself, and by which my love for him was solaced and assured. + </p> + <p> + He begged me to wait patiently for a few days, and this arrangement served + my purpose very well. I thought it most amusing that the King should have + commissioned M. de Bossuet to deliver this second missive, and I believe I + said as much to certain persons, which perhaps gave rise to a rumour that + he actually brought me love-letters from the King. But the purveyors of + such gossip could surely know nothing of Bossuet's inflexible principles, + and of the subtlety of his policy. He was well aware that by lending + himself to such amenities he would lose caste morally with the King, and + that if by his loyalty he had won royal attachment and regard, all this + would have been irretrievably lost. Thus M. de Bossuet was of those who + say, "Hate me, but fear me," rather than of those who strive to be loved. + Such people know that friendships are generally frail and transient, and + that esteem lasts longer and leads further. He never interfered again with + my affairs, nor did I with his; I got my way, and he is still where he + was. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Montespan Back at Court.—Her Friends.—Her Enemies.—Edifying + Conversions.—The Archbishop of Paris. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Eight days after the conclusion of the jubilee I returned to Versailles. + The King received me with every mark of sincere friendship; my friends + came in crowds to my apartments; my enemies left their names with my Swiss + servant, and in chapel they put back my seat, chairs, and footstools in + their usual place. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon had twice sent my children to Clagny with the + under-governess; but she did not come herself, which greatly + inconvenienced me. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [The splendid Chateau de Clagny (since demolished) was situated on the + beautiful country surrounding Versailles, near the wood of Millers + d'Avrai.—EDITOR's NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + I complained to her about this, and she assured me the King had dissuaded + her from visiting me, "so as to put curious folk off the scent;" and when + I told her of my interview with M. de Bossuet, she neatly avoided being + mixed up in the matter by omitting to blame anybody. The most licentious + women, so she told me, had distinguished themselves by pious exercises + during the observance of the jubilee. She informed me that the Comtesse de + Soissons, the Princesse de Monaco, Madame de Soubise, and five or six + virtuous dames of this type, had given gold, silver, and enamelled lamps + to the most notable churches of the capital. The notorious Duchesse de + Longueville talked of having her own tomb constructed in a Carmelite + chapel. Six leaders of fashion had forsworn rouge, and Madame d'Humieres + had given up gambling. As for my lord the Archbishop of Paris, he had not + changed his way of life a jot, either for the better or for the worse. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Attempted Abduction.—The Marquise Procures a Bodyguard.—Her + Reasons for So Doing.—Geography and Morals. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The youthful Marquis d'Antin—my son—was growing up; the King + showed him the most flattering signs of his attachment, and as the child + had lived only with me, he dreaded his father's violent temper, of which + he had often heard me speak. In order to have the custody of his son, the + Marquis de Montespan had appealed to Parliament; but partisans of the King + had shelved the matter, which, though ever in abeyance, was still pending. + I had my son educated under my care, being sure of the tender attachment + that would spring up between himself and the princes, his brothers. At the + Montespan chateau, I admit, he would have learned to ride an unbroken + horse, as well as to shoot hares, partridges, and big game; he would also + have learned to talk loud, to use bad language, to babble about his + pedigree, while ignorant of its history or its crest; in fine, he would + have learned to despise his mother, and probably to hate her. Educated + under my eyes, almost on the King's lap, he soon learned the customs of + the Court and all that a well-born gentleman should know. He will be made + Duc d'Antin, I have the King's word for it,—and his mien and + address, which fortunately sort well with that which Fate holds in store + for him, entitle him to rank with all that is most exalted at Court. + </p> + <p> + The Procureur-General caused a man from Barn to be arrested, who had come + to abduct my son. This individual, half-Spanish and half-French, was + detained in the Paris prisons, and I was left in ignorance of the matter. + It was imprudent not to tell me, and almost occasioned a serious mishap. + </p> + <p> + One day I was returning from the neighbourhood of Etampes with only my + son, his tutor, and my physician in the carriage. On reaching a steep + incline, where the brake should be put on, my servants imprudently + neglected to do this, and I felt that we were burning the roadway in our + descent. Such recklessness made me uneasy, when suddenly twelve horsemen + rode headlong at us, and sought to stop the postilions. My six horses were + new ones and very fresh; they galloped along at breakneck speed. Our + pursuers fired at the coachman, but missed him, and the report of a pistol + terrified the horses yet further. They redoubled their speed. We gave + ourselves up for lost, as an accident of some sort seemed bound to ensue, + when suddenly my carriage reached the courtyard of an inn, where we + obtained help. + </p> + <p> + Baulked of their prey, the horsemen turned about and rode away. They had + been noticed the day before, hanging about and asking for Madame de + Montespan. + </p> + <p> + We stayed that night at the inn, and next day, provided with a stout + escort, we reached Saint Germain. + </p> + <p> + The King regretted not having provided against similar attempts. He + rewarded my postilions for their neglect to use the brake (a neglect + which, at first, I was going to punish), saying to me, "If they had put + the brake on, you would have been captured and whisked off to the + Pyrenees. Your husband is never going to give in!" + </p> + <p> + "Such a disagreeable surprise," added he, "shall not occur again. + Henceforth you shall not travel without an adequate escort. In future, you + shall have a guard of honour, like the Queen and myself." I had long + wished for this privilege, and I warmly thanked his Majesty. + </p> + <p> + Nevertheless, people chose to put a completely false construction upon so + simple an innovation, and my sentiments in the matter were wholly + misunderstood. It was thought that vanity had prompted me to endeavour to + put myself on a level with the Queen, and this worthy princess was herself + somewhat nettled thereat. God is my witness that, from mere motives of + prudence, this unusual arrangement had to be made, and I entirely agreed + to it. After all, if the Infanta of Spain gave birth to the Dauphin, + Athenais de Mortemart is the mother of several princes. + </p> + <p> + In France, a Catholic realm, for the King to have a second wife is + considered superfluous by the timorous and shrivelled-brained. In + Constantinople, Alexandria, and Ispahan, I should have met with only + homage, veneration, respect. Errors of a purely geographical nature are + not those which cause me alarm; to have brought into the world so perfect + a being as the Duc du Maine will never, as I take it, incur blame at the + tribunal of Almighty God. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Nantes, his charming sister, has from her cradle been + destined to belong to one of the royal branches. Mademoiselle de Blois + will also become the mother of several Bourbon princes; I have good + grounds for cherishing such flattering hopes. + </p> + <p> + The little Comte de Toulouse already bids fair to be a worthy successor to + M. du Maine. He has the same grace of manner, and frank, distinguished + mien. + </p> + <p> + When all these princes possess their several escorts, it will seem passing + strange that their mother alone should not have any. That is my opinion, + and it is shared by all people of sense. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XL. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Osmin, the Little Moor.—He Sets the Fashion.—The Queen Has a + Black Baby.—Osmin is Dismissed. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + I have already told how the envoys of the King of Arda, an African prince, + gave to the Queen a nice little blackamoor, as a toy and pet. This Moor, + aged about ten or twelve years, was only twenty-seven inches in height, + and the King of Arda declared that, being quite unique, the boy would + never grow to be taller than three feet. + </p> + <p> + The Queen instantly took a great fancy to this black creature. Sometimes + he gambolled about and turned somersaults on her carpet like a kitten, or + frolicked about on the bureau, the sofa, and even on the Queen's lap. + </p> + <p> + As she passed from one room to another, he used to hold up her train, and + delighted to catch hold of it and so make the Queen stop short suddenly, + or else to cover his head and face with it, for mischief, to make the + courtiers laugh. + </p> + <p> + He was arrayed in regular African costume, wearing handsome bracelets, + armlets, a necklace ablaze with jewels, and a splendid turban. Wishing to + show myself agreeable, I gave him a superb aigrette of rubies and + diamonds; I was always sorry afterwards that I did so. + </p> + <p> + The King could never put up with this little dwarf, albeit his features + were comely enough. To begin with, he thought him too familiar, and never + even answered him when the dwarf dared to address him. + </p> + <p> + Following the fashion set by her Majesty, all the Court ladies wanted to + have little blackamoors to follow them about, set off their white + complexions, and hold up their cloaks or their trains. Thus it came that + Mignard, Le Bourdon, and other painters of the aristocracy, used to + introduce negro boys into all their large portraits. It was a mode, a + mania; but so absurd a fashion soon had to disappear after the mishap of + which I am about to tell. + </p> + <p> + The Queen being pregnant, public prayers were offered up for her according + to custom, and her Majesty was forever saying: "My pregnancy this time is + different from preceding ones. I am a prey to nausea and strange whims; I + have never felt like this before. If, for propriety's sake, I did not + restrain myself, I should now dearly like to be turning somersaults on the + carpet, like little Osmin. He eats green fruit and raw game; that is what + I should like to do, too. I should like to—" + </p> + <p> + "Oh, madame, you frighten us!" exclaimed the King. "Don't let all those + whimsies trouble you further, or you will give birth to some monstrosity, + some freak of nature." His Majesty was a true prophet. The Queen was + delivered of a fine little girl, black as ink from head to foot. They did + not tell her this at once, fearing a catastrophe, but persuaded her to go + to sleep, saying that the child had been taken away to be christened. + </p> + <p> + The physicians met in one room, the bishops and chaplains in another. One + prelate was opposed to baptising the infant; another only agreed to this + upon certain conditions. The majority decided that it should be baptised + without the name of father or mother, and such suppression was unanimously + advocated. + </p> + <p> + The little thing, despite its swarthy hue, was most beautifully made; its + features bore none of those marks peculiar to people of colour. + </p> + <p> + It was sent away to the Gisors district to be suckled as a negro's + daughter, and the Gazette de France contained an announcement to the + effect that the royal infant had died, after having been baptised by the + chaplains. + </p> + <p> + [This daughter of the Queen lived, and was obliged to enter a Benedictine + nunnery at Moret. Her portrait is to be seen in the Sainte Genevieve + Library of Henri IV.'s College, where it hangs in the winter saloon.—EDITOR'S + NOTE.] + </p> + <p> + The little African was sent away, as may well be imagined; and the Queen + admitted that, one day soon after she was pregnant, he had hidden himself + behind a piece of furniture and suddenly jumped out upon her to give her a + fright. In this he was but too successful. + </p> + <p> + The Court ladies no longer dared come near the Queen attended by their + little blackamoors. These, however, they kept for a while longer, as if + they were mere nick-hacks or ornaments; in Paris they were still to be + seen in public. But the ladies' husbands at last got wind of the tale, + when all the little negroes disappeared. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Monsieur's Second Marriage.—Princess Palatine.—The Court + Turnspit.—A Woman's Hatred.—The King's Mistress on a Par with + the First Prince of the Blood.—She Gives His Wife a Lesson. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + In order to keep up appearances at his Palais Royal, Monsieur besought the + King to consent to his remarriage after the usual term of mourning was at + an end. + </p> + <p> + "Whom have you in view?" asked his brother. He replied that he proposed to + wed Mademoiselle—the grande Mademoiselle de Montpensier—on + account of her enormous wealth! + </p> + <p> + Just then Mademoiselle was head over ears in love with Lauzun. She sent + the Prince about his business, as I believe I have already stated. + Moreover, she remarked: "You had the loveliest wife in all Europe,—young, + charming, a veritable picture. You might have seen to it that she was not + poisoned; in that case you would not now be a widower. As it is not likely + that I should ever come to terms with your favourites, I shall never be + anything else to you but a cousin, and I shall endeavour not to die until + the proper time; that is, when it shall please God to take me. You can + repeat this speech, word for word, to your precious Marquis d'Effiat and + Messieurs de Remecourt and de Lorraine. They have no access to my + kitchens; I am not afraid of them." + </p> + <p> + This answer amused the King not a little, and he said to me: "I was told + that the Palatine of Bavaria's daughter is extremely ugly and ill-bred; + consequently, she is capable of keeping Monsieur in check. Through one of + my Rhenish allies, I will make proposals to her father for her hand. As + soon as a reply comes, I will show my brother a portrait of some sort; it + will be all the same to him; he will accept her." + </p> + <p> + Soon afterwards this marriage took place. Charlotte Elizabeth of Bavaria, + though aware of the sort of death that her predecessor died, agreed to + marry Monsieur. Had she not been lucky enough to make this grand match, + her extreme ugliness would assuredly have doomed her to celibacy, even in + Bavaria and in Germany. It is surely not allowable to come into the world + with such a face and form, such a voice, such eyes, such hands, and such + feet, as this singular princess displayed. The Court, still mindful of the + sweetness, grace, and charm of Henrietta of England, could not contemplate + without horror and disgust the fearful caricature I have just described. + Young pregnant women—after the Queen's unfortunate experience—were + afraid to look at the Princess Palatine, and wished to be confined before + they reappeared at Court. + </p> + <p> + As for herself, armed with robust, philosophical notions, and a complete + set of Northern nerves, she was in no way disconcerted at the effect her + presence produced. She even had the good sense to appear indifferent to + all the raillery she provoked, and said to the King: + </p> + <p> + "Sire, to my mind you are one of the handsomest men in the world, and with + few exceptions, your Court appears to me perfectly fitted for you. I have + come but scantily equipped to such an assemblage. Fortunately, I am + neither jealous nor a coquette, and I shall win pardon for my plainness, I + myself being the first to make merry at it." + </p> + <p> + "You put us completely at our ease," replied the King, who had not even + the courage to be gallant. "I must thank you on behalf of these ladies for + your candour and wit." Ten or twelve of us began to titter at this speech + of hers. The Robust Lady never forgave those who laughed. + </p> + <p> + Directly she arrived, she singled me out as the object of her ponderous + Palatine sarcasms. She exaggerated my style of dress, my ways and habits. + She thought to make fun of my little spaniels by causing herself to be + followed, even into the King's presence-chamber, by a large turnspit, + which in mockery she called by the name of my favourite dog. + </p> + <p> + When I had had my hair dressed, ornamented with quantities of little + curls, diamonds, and jewelled pins, she had the impertinence to appear at + Court wearing a huge wig, a grotesque travesty of my coiffure. I was told + of it. I entered the King's apartment without deigning to salute Madame, + or even to look at her. + </p> + <p> + I had also been told that, in society, she referred to me as "the + Montespan woman." I met her one day in company with a good many other + people, and said to her: + </p> + <p> + "Madame, you managed to give up your religion in order to marry a French + prince; you might just as well have left behind your gross Palatine + vulgarity also. I have the honour to inform you that, in the exalted + society to which you have been admitted, one can no more say 'the + Montespan woman,' than one can say 'the Orleans woman.' I have never + offended you in the slightest degree, and I fail to see why I should have + been chosen as the favoured object of your vulgar insults." + </p> + <p> + She blushed, and ventured to inform me that this way of expressing herself + was a turn of speech taken from her own native language, and that by + saying "the," as a matter of course "Marquise" was understood. + </p> + <p> + "No, madame," I said, without appearing irritated; "in Paris, such an + excuse as that is quite inadmissible, and since you associate with + turnspits, pray ask your cooks, and they will tell you." + </p> + <p> + Fearing to quarrel with the King, she was obliged to be more careful, but + to change one's disposition is impossible, and she has loathed and + insulted me ever since. Her husband, who himself probably taught her to do + so, one day tried to make apologies for what he ruefully termed her + reprehensible conduct. "There, there, it doesn't matter," I said to him; + "it is easier to offend me than to deceive me. Allow me to quote to you + the speech of Mademoiselle de Montpensier, 'You had a charming and + accomplished wife, you ought to have prevented her from being poisoned, + and then we should not have had this hag at Court.'" + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Montespan's Father-confessor.—He Alters His Opinion.—Madame + de Maintenon Is Consulted.—A General on Theology.—A Country + Priest.—The Marquise Postpones Her Repentance and Her Absolution. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + My father-confessor, who since my arrival at Court had never vexed or + thwarted me, suddenly altered his whole manner towards me, from which I + readily concluded that the Queen had got hold of him. This priest, of + gentle, easy-going, kindly nature, never spoke to me except in a tone of + discontent and reproach. He sought to induce me to leave the King there + and then, and retire to some remote chateau. Seeing that he was + intriguing, and had, so to speak, taken up his position, like a woman of + experience I took up mine as well, and politely dismissed him, at which he + was somewhat surprised. In matters of religion, Madame de Maintenon, who + understands such things, was my usual mentor. I told her that I was + disheartened, and should not go to confession again for ever so long. She + was shocked at my resolve, and strove all she could to make me change my + mind and endeavour to lead me back into the right way. + </p> + <p> + She forever kept repeating her favourite argument, saying, "Good gracious! + suppose you should die in that state!" + </p> + <p> + I replied that it was not my fault, as I had never ceased to obey the + precepts of the Holy Church. "It was my old father-confessor," said I, + "the Canon of Saint Thomas du Louvre, who had harshly refused to confess + me." + </p> + <p> + "What he does," replied she, "is solely for your own good." + </p> + <p> + "But if he has only my well-being in view," I quickly retorted, "why did + not he think of this at first? It would have been far better to have + stopped me at the outset, instead of letting me calmly proceed upon my + career. He is obeying the Queen's orders, or else those of that Abbe + Bossuet de Mauleon, who no longer dares attack me to my face." + </p> + <p> + As we thus talked, the Duc de Vivonne came into my room. Learning the + topic of our discussion, he spoke as follows: "I should not be general of + the King's Galleys and a soldier at heart and by profession if my opinion + in this matter were other than it is. I have attentively read + controversies on this point, and have seen it conclusively proved that our + kings never kept a confessor at Court. Among these kings, too, there were + most holy, most saintly people, and—" + </p> + <p> + "Then, what do you conclude from that, Duke?" asked Madame de Maintenon. + </p> + <p> + "Why, that Madame will do well to respect his Majesty the King as her + father-confessor." + </p> + <p> + "Oh, Duke, you shock me! What dreadful advice, to be sure!" cried the + governess. + </p> + <p> + "I have not the least wish to shock you, madame; but my veneration for + D'Aubigne—your illustrious grandfather—is too great to let me + think that he is among the damned, and he never attended confession at + all." + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Theodore Agrippa, Baron d'Aubigne, lieutenant-general in the army of + Henri IV. He persevered in Calvinism after the recantation of the + King.—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + "Eternity hides that secret from us," replied Madame de Maintenon. "Each + day I pray to God to have mercy upon my poor grandfather; if I thought he + were among the saved, I should never be at pains to do this." + </p> + <p> + "Bah, madame! let's talk like sensible, straightforward people," quoth the + General. "The reverend Pere de la Chaise—one of the Jesuit oracles—gives + the King absolution every year, and authorises him to receive the Holy + Sacrament at Easter. If the King's confessor—thorough priest as he + is—pardons his intimacy with madame, here, how comes it that the + other cleric won't tolerate madame's intimacy with the King? On a point of + such importance as this, the two confessors ought really to come to some + agreement, or else, as the Jesuits have such a tremendous reputation, the + Marquise is entitled to side with them." + </p> + <p> + Hemmed in thus, Madame de Maintenon remarked "that the morals of Jesuits + and lax casuists had never been hers," and she advised me to choose a + confessor far removed from the Court and its intrigues. + </p> + <p> + The next day she mentioned a certain village priest to me, uninfluenced by + anybody, and whose primitive simplicity caused him to be looked upon as a + saint. + </p> + <p> + I submitted, and ingenuously went to confess myself to this wonderful man; + his great goodness did not prevent him from rallying me about the elegance + of my costume, and the perfume of my gloves, and my hair. He insisted upon + knowing my name, and on learning it, flew into a passion. I suppress the + details of his disagreeable propositions. Seated sideways in his + confessional, he stamped on the floor, abused me, and spoke + disrespectfully of the King. I could not stand such scandalous behaviour + for long; and, wearing my veil down, I got into my coach, being thoroughly + determined that I would take a good long holiday. M. de Vivonne soundly + rated me for such cowardice, as he called it, while Madame de Maintenon + offered me her curate-in-chief, or else the Abbe Gobelin. + </p> + <p> + But, for the time being, I determined to keep to my plan of not going to + confession, strengthened in such resolve by my brother Vivonne's good + sense, and the attitude of the King's Jesuit confessor, who had a great + reputation and knew what he was about. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Comte de Guiche.—His Violent Passion for Madame.—His + Despair.—He Flees to La Trappe.—And Comes Out Again.—A + Man's Heart.—Cured of His Passion, He Takes a Wife. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Comte de Guiche, son of the Marechal de Grammont, was undoubtedly one + of the handsomest men in France. + </p> + <p> + The grandeur and wealth of his family had, at an early age, inspired him + with courage and self-conceit, so that in his blind, frivolous + presumption, the only person, as he thought, who exceeded his own + fascination was possibly the King, but nobody else. + </p> + <p> + Perceiving the wonderful charm of Monsieur's first wife, he conceived so + violent a passion for her that no counsel nor restraint could prevent him + from going to the most extravagant lengths in obedience to this rash, this + boundless passion. + </p> + <p> + Henrietta of England, much neglected by her husband, and naturally of a + romantic disposition, allowed the young Count to declare his love for her, + either by singing pretty romances under her balcony, or by wearing + ribbons, bunched together in the form of a hieroglyphic, next his heart. + Elegantly dressed, he never failed to attend all the assemblies to which + she lent lustre by her presence. He followed her to Saint Germain, to + Versailles, to Chambord, to Saint Cloud; he only lived and had his being + in the enjoyment of contemplating her charms. + </p> + <p> + One day, being desirous of walking alongside her sedan-chair, without + being recognised, he had a complete suit made for him of the La Valliere + livery, and thus, seeming to be one of the Duchess's pages, he was able to + converse with Madame for a short time. Another time he disguised himself + as a pretty gipsy, and came to tell the Princess her fortune. At first she + did not recognise him, but when the secret was out, and all the ladies + were in fits of laughter, a page came running in to announce the arrival + of Monsieur. Young De Guiche slipped out by a back staircase, and in order + to facilitate his exit, one of the footmen, worthy of Moliere, caught hold + of the Prince as if he were one of his comrades, and holding a + handkerchief over his face, nearly poked his eye out. + </p> + <p> + The Count's indiscretions were retailed in due course to Monsieur by his + favourites, and he was incensed beyond measure. He complained to Marechal + de Grammont; he complained to the King. + </p> + <p> + Hereupon, M. de Guiche received orders to travel for two or three years. + </p> + <p> + War with the Turks had just been declared, and together with other + officers, his friends, he set out for Candia and took part in the siege. + All did him the justice to affirm that while there he behaved like a hero. + When the fortress had to capitulate, and Candia was lost to the Christians + forever, our officers returned to France. Madame was still alive when the + young Count rejoined his family. He met the Princess once or twice in + society, without being able to approach her person, or say a single word + to her. + </p> + <p> + Soon afterwards, she gave birth to a daughter. A few days later, certain + monsters took her life by giving her poison. This dreadful event made such + an impression upon the poor Comte de Guiche, that for a long while he lost + his gaiety, youth, good looks, and to a certain extent, his reason. After + yielding to violent despair, he was possessed with rash ideas of + vengeance. The Marechal de Grammont had to send him away to one of his + estates, for the Count talked of attacking and of killing, without further + ado, the Marquis d'Effiat, M. de Remecourt, the Prince's intendant, named + Morel, and even the Duc d'Orleans himself. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Morel subsequently admitted his guilt in the matter of Madame's + death, as well as the commission of other corresponding crimes. See + the Letters of Charlotte, the Princess Palatine.—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + His intense agitation was succeeded by profound melancholy, stupor closely + allied to insanity or death. + </p> + <p> + One evening, the Comte de Guiche went to the Abbey Church of Saint Denis. + He hid himself here, to avoid being watched, and when the huge nave was + closed, and all the attendants had left, he rushed forward and flung + himself at full length upon the tombstone which covers the vast royal + vault. By the flickering light of the lamps, he mourned the passing hence + of so accomplished a woman, murdered in the flower of her youth. He called + her by name, telling her once more of his deep and fervent love. Next day, + he wandered about in great pain, gloomy and inconsolable. + </p> + <p> + One day he came to see me at Clagny, and talked in a hopeless, desolate + way about our dear one. He told me that neither glory nor ambition nor + voluptuous pleasures could ever allure him or prove soothing to his soul. + He assured me that life was a burden to him,—a burden that religion + alone prevented him from relinquishing, and that he was determined to shut + himself up in La Trappe or in some such wild, deserted place. + </p> + <p> + I sought to dissuade him from such a project, which could only be the + cause of grief and consternation to his relatives. He pretended to yield + to my entreaties, but the next night he left home and disappeared. + </p> + <p> + At length he came back. Luckily, the Trappist Abbe de Ranch wished to take + away from him the portrait on enamel of Henrietta of England, so as to + break it in pieces before his eyes. So indignant was the Count that he was + upon the point of giving the hermit a thrashing. He fled in disgust from + the monastery, and this fresh annoyance served, in some degree, to assuage + his grief. Life's daily occupations, the excitements of society, the + continual care shown towards him by his relatives, youth, above all, and + Time, the irresistible healer, at last served to soothe a sorrow which, + had it lasted longer, would have been more disastrous in its results. + </p> + <p> + The Comte de Guiche consented to marry a wife to whom he was but slightly + attached, and who is quite content with him, praising his good qualities + and all his actions. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mexica.—Philippa.—Molina.—The Queen's Jester. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + In marrying Maria Theresa, Infanta of Spain, the King had made an + advantageous match from a political point of view. For through the Infanta + he had rights with regard to Flanders; she also provided him with eventual + claims upon Spain itself, together with Mexico and Peru. But from a + personal and social point of view, the King could not have contracted a + more miserable alliance. The Infanta, almost wholly uneducated, had not + even such intellectual resources as a position such as hers certainly + required, where personal risk was perpetual, where authority had to be + maintained by charming manners, and respect for power ensured by elevation + of tone and sentiment, which checks the indiscreet, and imbues everybody + with the spirit of consideration and reverence. + </p> + <p> + Maria Theresa, though a king's daughter, made no more effect at Court than + if she had been a mere middle-class person. The King, in fact, by his + considerateness, splendour, and glory, served to support her dignity. He + hoped and even desired that she should be held in honour, partly for her + own sake, in a great measure for his. But as soon as she started upon some + argument or narration where force of intellect was needed, she always + seemed bewildered, and he soon interrupted her either by finishing the + tale himself, or by changing the conversation. This he did good-naturedly + and with much tact, so that the Queen, instead of taking offence, was + pleased to be under such an obligation to him. From such a wife this + prince could not look to have sons of remarkable talent or intellect, for + that would have been nothing short of a miracle. And thus the little + Dauphin showed none of those signs of intelligence which the most ordinary + commonplace children usually display. When the Queen heard courtiers + repeat some of the droll, witty sayings of the Comte de Vegin, or the Duc + du Maine, she reddened with jealousy, and remarked, "Everybody goes into + ecstasies about those children, while Monsieur le Dauphin is never even + mentioned." + </p> + <p> + She had brought with her from Spain that Donna Silvia Molina, of whom I + have already spoken, and who had got complete control over her character. + Instead of tranquillising her, and so making her happy, Donna Silvia + thought to become more entertaining, and above all, more necessary to her, + by gossiping to her about the King's amours. She ferreted out all the + secret details, all the petty circumstances, and with such dangerous + material troubled the mind and destroyed the repose of her mistress, who + wept unceasingly, and became visibly changed. + </p> + <p> + La Molina, enriched and almost wealthy, was sent back to Spain, much to + the grief of Maria Theresa, who for several days after her departure could + neither eat nor sleep. + </p> + <p> + At the same time, the King got rid of that little she-dwarf, named Mexica, + in whose insufferable talk and insufferable presence the Queen took + delight. But the sly little wretch escaped during the journey, and managed + to get back to the princess again, hidden in some box or basket. The Queen + was highly delighted to see her again; she pampered her secretly in her + private cabinet with the utmost mystery, giving up every moment that she + could spare. + </p> + <p> + One day, by way of a short cut, the King was passing through the Queen's + closet, when he heard the sound of coughing in one of the cupboards. + Turning back, he flung it open, where, huddled up in great confusion, he + found Mexica. + </p> + <p> + "What!" cried his Majesty; "so you are back again? When and how did you + come?" + </p> + <p> + In a feeble voice Mexica answered, "Sire, please don't send me away from + the Queen any more, and she will never complain again about Madame de + Montespan." + </p> + <p> + The King laughed at this speech, and then came and repeated it to me. I + laughed heartily, too, and such a treaty of peace seemed to contain queer + compensation clauses: Madame de Montespan and Mexica were mutually bound + over to support each other; the spectacle was vastly droll, I vow. + </p> + <p> + Besides her little dwarf, the Queen had a fool named Tricominy. This + quaint person was permitted to utter everywhere and to everybody in + incoherent fashion the pseudo home-truths that passed through his head. + One day he went up to the grande Mademoiselle de Montpensier, and said to + her before everybody, "Since you are so anxious to get married, marry me; + then that will be a man-fool and a woman-fool." The Princess tried to hit + him, and he took refuge behind the Queen's chair. + </p> + <p> + Another time, to M. Letellier, Louvois's brother and Archbishop of Rheims, + he said, "Monseigneur, do let me ascend the pulpit in your Cathedral, and + I will preach modesty and humanity to you." When the little Duc d'Anjou, + that pretty, charming child, died of suppressed measles, the Queen was + inconsolable, and the King, good father that he is, was weeping for the + little fellow, for he promised much. Says Tricominy, "They're weeping just + as if princes had not got to die like anybody else. M. d'Anjou was no + better made than I am, nor of better stuff." + </p> + <p> + Tricominy was dismissed, because it was plain that his madness took a + somewhat eccentric turn; that, in fact, he was not fool enough for his + place. + </p> + <p> + The Queen had still a Spanish girl named Philippa, to whom she was much + attached, and who deserved such flattering attachment. Born in the + Escurial Palace, Philippa had been found one night in a pretty cradle at + the base of one of the pillars. The palace guards informed King Philip, + who adopted the child and brought it up, since it had been foisted upon + him as his daughter. He grew fond of the girl, and on coming to Saint Jean + de Luz to marry the Infanta to his nephew the King, he made them a present + of Philippa, and begged them both to be very good to her. In this amiable + Spanish girl, the Infanta recognised a sister. She knew she was an + illegitimate daughter of King Philip and one of the palace ladies. + </p> + <p> + When Molina left the Court, she did everything on earth to induce Philippa + to return with her to Spain, but the girl was sincerely attached to the + Queen, who, holding her in a long embrace, promised to find her a wealthy + husband if she would stay. However, the Queen only gave her as husband the + Chevalier de Huze, her cloak-bearer, so as to keep the girl about her + person and to be intimate with her daily. Philippa played the mandolin and + the guitar to perfection; she, also sang and danced with consummate grace. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Le Bouthilier de Ranch, Abbe de la Trappe. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Abbe le Bouthilier de Rance,—son of the secretary of state, Le + Bouthilier de Chavigny,—after having scandalised Court and town by + his public gallantries, lost his mistress, a lady possessed of a very + great name and of no less great beauty. His grief bordered upon despair; + he forsook the world, gave away or sold his belongings, and went and shut + himself up in his Abbey of La Trappe, the only benefice which he had + retained. This most ancient monastery was of the Saint Bernard Order, with + white clothing. The edifice spacious, yet somewhat dilapidated was + situated on the borders of Normandy, in a wild, gloomy valley exposed to + fog and frost. + </p> + <p> + The Abbe found in this a place exactly suitable to his plan, which was to + effect reforms of austere character and contrary to nature. He convened + his monks, who were amazed at his arrival and residence; he soundly rated + them for the scandalous laxity of their conduct, and having reminded them + of all the obligations of their office, he informed them of his new + regulations, the nature of which made them tremble. He proposed nothing + less than to condemn them to daily manual labour, the tillage of the soil, + the performance of menial household duties; and to this he added the + practices of immoderate fasting, perpetual silence, downcast glances, + veiled countenances, the renouncement of all social ties, and all + instructive or entertaining literature. In short, he advocated sleeping + all together on the bare floor of an ice-cold dormitory, the continual + contemplation of death, the dreadful obligation of digging, while alive, + one's own grave every day with one's own hands, and thus, in imagination, + burying oneself therein before being at rest there for ever. + </p> + <p> + As laws so foolish and so tyrannical were read out to them, the worthy + monks—all of them of different character and age openly expressed + their discontent. The Abbe de Rance allowed them to go and get pleasure in + other monasteries, and contrived to collect around him youths whom it was + easy to delude, and a few elderly misanthropes; with these he formed his + doleful wailing flock. + </p> + <p> + As he loved notoriety in everything, he had various views of his monastery + engraved, and pictures representing the daily pursuits of his laborious + community. Such pictures, hawked about everywhere by itinerant vendors of + relics and rosaries, served to create for this barbarous reformer a + reputation saintly and angelic. In towns, villages, even in royal palaces, + he formed the one topic of conversation. Several gentlemen, disgusted + either with vice or with society, retired of their own accord to his + monastery, where they remained in order that they might the sooner die. + </p> + <p> + Desirous of enjoying his ridiculous celebrity, the Abbe de Rance came to + Paris, under what pretext I do not remember, firmly resolved to show + himself off in all the churches, and solicit abundant alms for his + phantoms who never touched food. From all sides oblations were + forthcoming; soon he had got money enough to build a palace, if he had + liked. + </p> + <p> + It being impossible for him to take the august Mademoiselle de Montpensier + to his colony of monks, he desired at any rate to induce her to withdraw + from the world, and counselled her to enter a Carmelite convent. + Mademoiselle's ardent passion for M. de Lauzun seemed to the Trappist Abbe + a scandal; in fact, his sour spirit could brook no scandal of any sort. "I + attended her father as he lay dying," said he, "and to me belongs the task + of training, enlightening, and sanctifying his daughter. I would have her + keep silence; she has spoken too much." + </p> + <p> + The moment was ill chosen; just then Mademoiselle de Montpensier was + striving to break the fetters of her dear De Lauzun; she certainly did not + wish to get him out of one prison, and then put herself into another. + Every one blamed this reformer's foolish presumption, and Mademoiselle, + thoroughly exasperated, forbade her servants to admit him. It was said + that he had worked two or three miracles, and brought certain dead people + back to life. + </p> + <p> + "I will rebuild his monastery for him in marble if he will give us back + poor little Vegin, and the Duc d'Anjou," said the King to me. + </p> + <p> + The remark almost brought tears to my eyes, just as I was about to joke + with his Majesty about the fellow and his miracles. + </p> + <p> + Well satisfied with his Parisian harvest, the Abbe le Bouthilier de Rance + went straight to his convent, where the inmates were persevering enough to + be silent, fast, dig, catch their death of cold, and beat themselves for + him. + </p> + <p> + Madame Cormeil, wishing to have a good look at the man, sent to inform him + of her illness. Would-be saints are much afraid of words with a double + meaning. In no whit disconcerted, he replied that he had devoted his + entire zeal to the poor in spirit, and that Madame Cormeil was not of + their number. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Court Goes to Flanders.—Nancy.—Ravon.—Sainte Marie + aux Mines.—Dancing and Death.—A German Sovereign's Respectful + Visit.—The Young Strasburg Priests.—The Good Bailiff of + Chatenoi.—The Bridge at Brisach.—The Capucin Monk Presented to + the Queen. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Before relating that which I have to say about the Queen and her + precautions against myself, I would not omit certain curious incidents + during the journey that the King caused us to take in Alsatia and + Flanders, when he captured Maestricht and Courtrai. + </p> + <p> + The King having left us behind at Nancy, a splendid town where a large + proportion of the nobility grieved for the loss of Messieurs de Lorraine, + their legitimate sovereigns, the Queen soon saw that here she was more + honoured than beloved. It was this position which suggested to her the + idea of going to Spa, close by, and of taking the waters for some days. + </p> + <p> + If the Infanta was anxious to escape from the frigid courtesies of the + Lorraine aristocracy, I also longed to have a short holiday, and to keep + away from the Queen, as well for the sake of her peace of mind as for my + own. My doctor forbade me to take the Spa waters, as they were too + sulphurous; he ordered me those of Pont-a-Mousson. Hardly had I moved + there, when orders came for us all to meet at Luneville, and thence we set + out to rejoin the King. + </p> + <p> + Horrible was the first night of our journey spent at Ravon, in the Vosges + Mountains. The house in which Mademoiselle de Montpensier and I lodged was + a dilapidated cottage, full of holes, and propped up in several places. + Lying in bed, we heard the creaking of the beams and rafters. Two days + afterwards the house, so they told us, collapsed. + </p> + <p> + From that place we went on to Sainte Marie aux Mines, a mean sort of town, + placed like a long corridor between two lofty, well-wooded mountains, + which even at noonday deprive it of sun. Close by there is a shallow, + rock-bound streamlet which divides Lorraine from Alsace. Sainte Marie aux + Mines belonged to the Prince Palatine of Birkenfeld. This Prince offered + us his castle of Reif Auvilliers, an uncommonly beautiful residence, which + he had inherited from the Comtesse de Ribaupierre, his wife. + </p> + <p> + This lady's father was just dead, and as, in accordance with German + etiquette, the Count's funeral obsequies could not take place for a month, + in the presence of all his relatives and friends, who came from a great + distance, the corpse, embalmed and placed in a leaden coffin, lay in state + under a canopy in the mortuary chapel. + </p> + <p> + Our equerries, seeing that the King's chamber looked on to the mortuary + chapel, took upon themselves to blow out all the candles, and for the time + being stowed away the corpse in a cupboard. + </p> + <p> + We knew nothing about this; and as the castle contained splendid rooms, + the ladies amused themselves by dancing and music to make them forget the + boredom of their journey. + </p> + <p> + The King looked in upon us every now and then, saying, in a low voice, + "Ah! if you only knew what I know!" + </p> + <p> + And then he would go off, laughing in his sleeve. We did not get to know + about this corpse until five or six days afterwards, when we were a long + way off, and the discovery greatly shocked us. + </p> + <p> + The day we left Sainte Marie aux Mines, a little German sovereign came to + present his homage to the King. It was the Prince de Mont-Beliard, of + Wurtemberg, whom I had previously met in Paris, on the occasion of his + marriage with Marechal de Chatillon's charming daughter. The luxurious + splendour of Saint Germain and Versailles had certainly not yet succeeded + in turning the heads of these German sovereigns. This particular one wore + a large buff doublet with big copper-gilt buttons. His cravat was without + either ribbons or lace. His rather short hair was roughly combed over his + forehead; he carried no sword, and instead of gold buckles or clasps, he + had little bows of red leather on his black velvet shoes. His coach, + entirely black, was still of old-fashioned make; that is to say, studded + with quantities of gilt nails. Wearing mourning for the Empress, his six + horses were richly, caparisoned, his four lackeys wearing yellow liveries + faced with red. An escort of twenty guardsmen, dressed similarly, was in + attendance; they seemed to be well mounted, and were handsome fellows. + </p> + <p> + A second carriage of prodigious size followed the ducal conveyance; in + this were twelve ladies and gentlemen, who got out and made their + obeisance to the King and Queen. + </p> + <p> + The Prince de Mont-Beliard did not get into his coach again until ours + were in motion. He spoke French fairly well, and the little he said was + said with much grace. He looked very hard at me, which shocked the Queen + greatly, but not the King. + </p> + <p> + A little further on, their Majesties were greeted by the delegates of the + noble chapter of Strasburg. These comprised the Count of Manderhall and + two canons. What canons, too! And how astonished we were! + </p> + <p> + The old Count was dressed in a black cassock, and his hair looked somewhat + like a cleric's, but his cravat was tied with a large flame-coloured bow, + and he wore ill-fitting hose of the same hue. As for the two canons, they + were pleasant young men, good-looking and well-made. Their light gray + dress was edged with black and gold; they wore their hair long in wavy + curls, and in their little black velvet caps they had yellow and black + feathers, and their silver-mounted swords were like those worn by our + young courtiers. Their equipment was far superior to that of the + deputation of the Prince de Mont-Beliard. It is true, they were churchmen, + and churchmen have only themselves and their personal satisfaction to + consider. + </p> + <p> + These gentlemen accompanied us as far as Chatenoi, a little town in their + neighbourhood, and here they introduced the bailiff of the town to the + King, who was to remain constantly in attendance and act as interpreter. + </p> + <p> + The bailiff spoke French with surprising ease. He had been formerly tutor + at President Tambonneaux's, an extremely wealthy man, who entertained the + Court, the town, and all the cleverest men of the day. The King soon + became friends with the bailiff, and kept him the whole time close to his + carriage. + </p> + <p> + When travelling, the King is quite another man. He puts off his gravity of + demeanour, and likes to amuse his companions, or else make his companions + amuse him. Believing him to be like Henri IV. in temper, the bailiff was + for asking a thousand questions. Some of these the King answered; to + others he gave no reply. + </p> + <p> + "Sire," said he to his Majesty, "your town of Paris has a greater + reputation than it actually deserves. They say you are fond of building; + then Paris ought to have occasion to remember your reign. Allow me to + express a hope that her principal streets will be widened, that her + temples, most of them of real beauty, may be isolated. You should add to + the number of her bridges, quays, public baths, almshouses and + infirmaries." + </p> + <p> + The King smiled. "Come and see us in four or five years," he rejoined, "or + before that, if you like, and if your affairs permit you to do so. You + will be pleased to see what I have already done." + </p> + <p> + Then the bailiff, approaching my carriage window, addressed a few + complimentary remarks to myself. + </p> + <p> + "I have often met your father, M. de Mortemart," said he, "at President + Tambonneaux's. One day the little De Bouillons were there, quarrelling + about his sword, and to the younger he said, 'You, sir, shall go into the + Church, because you squint. Let my sword alone; here's my rosary.'" + </p> + <p> + "Well," quoth the King, "M. de Mortemart was a true prophet, for that + little Bouillon fellow is to-day Cardinal de Bouillon." + </p> + <p> + "Sire," continued the worthy German, "I am rejoiced to hear such news. And + little Peguilain de Lauzun, of whom you used to be so fond when you were + both boys,—where is he? What rank does he now hold?" + </p> + <p> + Hereupon the King looked at Mademoiselle, who, greatly confused, shed + tears. + </p> + <p> + "Well, M. Bailiff," said his Majesty, "did you easily recognise me at + first sight?" + </p> + <p> + "Sire," replied the German, "your physiognomy is precisely the same; when + a boy, you looked more serious. The day you entered Parliament in + hunting-dress I saw you get into your coach; and that evening the + President said to his wife, 'Madame, we are going to have a King. I wish + you could have been there, in one of the domes, just to hear the little he + said to us.'" + </p> + <p> + Whereupon the King laughingly inquired what reply the President's wife + made. But the bailiff, smiling in his turn, seemed afraid to repeat it, + and so his Majesty said: + </p> + <p> + "I was told of her answer at the time, so I can let you know what it was. + 'Your young King will turn out a despot.' That is what Madame la + Presidente said to her husband." + </p> + <p> + The bailiff, somewhat confused, admitted that this was exactly the case. + </p> + <p> + The huge bridge at Brisach, across the Rhine, had no railing; the planks + were in a rickety condition, and through fissures one caught sight of the + impetuous rush of waters below. We all got out of our coaches and crossed + over with our eyes half shut, so dangerous did it seem; while the King + rode across this wretched bridge,—one of the narrowest and loftiest + that there is, and which is always in motion. + </p> + <p> + Next day the Bishop of Bale came to pay his respects to the Queen, and was + accompanied by delegates from the Swiss cantons, and other notabilities. + After this I heard the "General of the Capucins" announced, who had just + been to pay a visit of greeting to the German Court. He was said to be by + birth a Roman. Strange to say, for that Capucin the same ceremony and fuss + was made as for a sovereign prince, and I heard that this was a + time-honoured privilege enjoyed by his Order. The monk himself was a fine + man, wearing several decorations; his carriage, livery, and train seemed + splendid, nor did he lack ease of manner nor readiness of conversation. He + told us that, at the imperial palace in Vienna, he had seen the Princesse + d'Inspruck,—a relative of the French Queen, and that the Emperor was + bringing her up as if destined one day to be his seventh bride, according + to a prediction. He also stated that the Emperor had made the young + Princess sing to him,—a Capucin monk; and added genially that she + was comely and graceful, and that he had been very pleased to see her. + </p> + <p> + The King was very merry at this priest's expense. Not so the Queen, who + was Spanish, and particularly devoted to Capucin friars of all + nationalities. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Moliere.—Racine.—Their Mutual Esteem.—Racine in + Mourning. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King had not much leisure, yet occasionally he gave up half an hour or + an hour to the society of a chosen few,—men famous for their wit and + brilliant talents. One day he was so kind as to bring to my room the + celebrated Moliere, to whom he was particularly attached and showed + special favour. "Madame," said the King, "here you see the one man in all + France who has most wit, most talent, and most modesty and good sense + combined. I thank God for letting him be born during my reign, and I pray + that He may preserve him to us for a long while yet." + </p> + <p> + As I hastened to add my own complimentary remarks to those of the King, I + certainly perceived that about this illustrious person there was an air of + modesty and simplicity such as one does not commonly find in Apollo's + favourites who aspire to fame. Moreover, he was most comely. + </p> + <p> + Moliere told the King that he had just sketched out the plot of his + "Malade Imaginaire," and assured us that hypochondriacs themselves would + find something to laugh at when it was played. He spoke very little about + himself, but at great length, and with evident admiration, about the young + poet Racine. + </p> + <p> + The King asked if he thought that Racine had strength sufficient to make + him the equal of Corneille. "Sire," said the comic poet, "Racine has + already surpassed Corneille by the harmonious elegance of his + versification, and by the natural, true sensibility of his dialogue; his + situations are never fictitious; all his words, his phrases, come from the + heart. Racine alone is a true poet, for he alone is inspired." + </p> + <p> + The King, continuing, said: "I cannot witness his tragedy of 'Berenice' + without shedding tears. How comes it that Madame Deshoulieres and Madame + de Sevigne, who have so much mind, refuse to recognise beauties which + strike a genius such as yours?" + </p> + <p> + "Sire," replied Moliere, "my opinion is nothing compared to that which + your Majesty has just expressed, such is your sureness of judgment and + your tact. I know by experience that those scenes of my comedies which, at + a first reading, are applauded by your Majesty, always win most applause + from the public afterwards." + </p> + <p> + "Is Racine in easy circumstances?" asked the King. + </p> + <p> + "He is not well off," replied Moliere, "but the tragedies which he has in + his portfolio will make a rich man of him some day; of that I have not the + least doubt." + </p> + <p> + "Meanwhile," said the King, "take him this draft of six thousand livres + from me, nor shall this be the limit of my esteem and affection." + </p> + <p> + Five or six months after this interview, poor Moliere broke a blood-vessel + in his chest, while playing with too great fervour the title part in his + "Malade Imaginaire." When they brought the news to the King, he turned + pale, and clasping his hands together, well-nigh burst into tears. "France + has lost her greatest genius," he said before all the nobles present. "We + shall never have any one like him again; our loss is irreparable!" + </p> + <p> + When they came to tell us that the Paris clergy had refused burial to "the + author of 'Tartuffe,'" his Majesty graciously sent special orders to the + Archbishop, and with a royal wish of that sort they were obliged to + comply, or else give good reasons for not doing so. + </p> + <p> + Racine went into mourning for Moliere. The King heard this, and publicly + commended such an act of good feeling and grateful sympathy. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Montausier and the Phantom.—What She Exacts from the + Marquise.—Her Reproaches to the Duke.—Bossuet's Complacency. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Those spiteful persons who told the Queen how obliging the Duchesse de + Montausier had shown herself towards me were also so extremely kind as to + write an account of the whole affair to the Marquis de Montespan. + </p> + <p> + At that time he was still in Paris, and one day he went to the Duchess + just as she was getting out of bed. In a loud voice he proceeded to scold + her, daring to threaten her as if she were some common woman; in fact, he + caught hold of her and endeavoured to strike her. + </p> + <p> + The King would not allow M. de Montausier to obtain redress from the + Marquis for such an insult as this. He granted a large pension to the + Duchess, and appointed her husband preceptor to the Dauphin. + </p> + <p> + Such honours and emoluments partly recompensed the Duchess, yet they + scarcely consoled her. She considered that her good name was all but lost, + and what afflicted her still more was that she never recovered her health. + She used to visit me, as our duties brought us together, but it was easy + to see that confidence and friendship no longer existed. + </p> + <p> + One day, when passing along one of the castle corridors, which, being so + gloomy, need lamplight at all hours, she perceived a tall white phantom, + which glared hideously at her, and then approaching, vanished. She was + utterly prostrated, and on returning to her apartments was seized with + fever and shivering. The doctors perceived that her brain was affected; + they ordered palliatives, but we soon saw that there was no counting upon + their remedies. She was gradually sinking. + </p> + <p> + Half an hour before she died the Duchess sent for me, having given + instructions that we should be left alone, and that there should be no + witnesses. Her intense emaciation was pitiful, and yet her face kept + something of its pleasant expression. + </p> + <p> + "It is because of you, and through you," she exclaimed in a feeble, broken + voice, "that I quit this world while yet in the prime of life. God calls + me; I must die. + </p> + <p> + "Kings are so horribly exacting. Everything that ministers to their + passions seems feasible to them, and righteous folk must consent to do + their pleasure, or suffer the penalty of being disgraced and neglected, + and of seeing their long years of service lost and forgotten. + </p> + <p> + "During that unlucky journey in Brabant, you sought by redoubling your + coquetry and fascinations to allure La Valliere's lover. You managed to + succeed; he became fond of you. Knowing my husband's ambitious nature, he + easily got him to make me favour this intrigue, and lend my apartments as + a meeting-place. + </p> + <p> + "At Court nothing long remains a secret. The Queen was warned, and for a + while would not believe her informants. But your husband, with brutal + impetuousness, burst in upon me. He insulted me in outrageous fashion. He + tried to drag me out of bed and throw me out of the window. Hearing me + scream, my servants rushed in and rescued me, in a fainting state, from + his clutches. And you it is who have brought upon me such scandalous + insults. + </p> + <p> + "Ready to appear before my God, who has already summoned me by a spectre, + I have a boon to ask of you, Madame la Marquise. I beg it of you, as I + clasp these strengthless, trembling hands. Do not deny me this favour, or + I will cherish implacable resentment, and implore my Master and my Judge + to visit you with grievous punishment. + </p> + <p> + "Leave the King," she continued, after drying her tears. "Leave so sensual + a being; the slave of his passions, the ravisher of others' good. The pomp + and grandeur which surround you and intoxicate you would seem but a little + thing did you but look at them as now I do, upon my bed of death. + </p> + <p> + "The Queen hates me; she is right. She despises me, and justly, too. I + shall elude her hatred and disdain, which weigh thus heavily upon my + heart. Perhaps she may deign to pardon me when my lawyer shall have + delivered to her a document, signed by myself, containing my confession + and excuses." + </p> + <p> + As she uttered these words, Madame de Montausier began to vomit blood, and + I had to summon her attendants. With a last movement of the head she bade + me farewell, and I heard that she called for her husband. + </p> + <p> + Next day she was dead. Her waiting-maid came to tell me that the Duchess, + conscious to the last, had made her husband promise to resign his + appointment as governor to the Dauphin, and withdraw to his estates, where + he was to do penance. M. de Meaux, a friend of the family, read the + prayers for the dying, to which the Duchess made response, and three + minutes before the final death-throe, she consented to let him preach a + funeral sermon in eulogy of herself and her husband. + </p> + <p> + When printed and published, this discourse was thought to be a fine piece + of eloquence. + </p> + <p> + Over certain things the Bishop passed lightly, while exaggerating others. + Some things, again, were entirely of his own invention; and if from the + depths of her tomb the Duchess could have heard all that M. de Meaux said + about her, she never would have borne me such malice, nor would her grief + at leaving life and fortune have troubled her so keenly. + </p> + <p> + The King thought this funeral oration excellently well composed. Of one + expression and of one whole passage, however, he disapproved, though which + these were he did not do me the honour to say. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 4. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + President de Nesmond.—Melladoro.—A Complacent Husband and His + Love-sick Wife.—Tragic Sequel. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + President de Nesmond—upright, clear-headed magistrate as he was—was + of very great service to me at the Courts of Justice. He always managed to + oblige me and look after my interests and my rights in any legal dispute + of mine, or when I had reason to fear annoyance on the part of my husband. + </p> + <p> + I will here relate the grief that his young wife caused him, and it will + be seen that, by the side of this poor President, M. de Montespan might + count himself lucky. Having long been a widower, he was in some measure + accustomed to this state, until love laid a snare for him just at the age + of sixty-five. + </p> + <p> + In the garden that lay below his windows—a garden owned by his + neighbour, a farmer—he saw Clorinde. She was this yeoman's only + daughter. He at once fell passionately in love with her, as David once + loved Bathsheba. + </p> + <p> + The President married Clorinde, who was very pleased to have a fine name + and a title. But her husband soon saw—if not with surprise, at least + with pain—that his wife did not love him. A young and handsome + Spaniard, belonging to the Spanish Legation, danced one day with Clorinde; + to her he seemed as radiant as the god of melody and song. She lost her + heart, and without further delay confessed to him this loss. + </p> + <p> + On returning home, the President said to his youthful consort, "Madame, + every one is noticing and censuring your imprudent conduct; even the young + Spaniard himself finds it compromising." + </p> + <p> + "Nothing you say can please me more," she replied, "for this proves that + he is aware of my love. As he knows this, and finds my looks to his + liking, I hope that he will wish to see me again." + </p> + <p> + Soon afterwards there was a grand ball given at the Spanish Embassy. + Madame de Nesmond managed to secure an invitation, and went with one of + her cousins. The young Spaniard did the honours of the evening, and showed + them every attention. + </p> + <p> + As the President was obliged to attend an all-night sitting at the + Tourelle,—[The parliamentary criminal court.]—and as these + young ladies did not like going home alone,—for their residence was + some way off,—the young Spaniard had the privilege of conducting + them to their coach and of driving back with them. After cards and a + little music, they had supper about daybreak; and when the President + returned, at five o'clock, he saw Melladoro, to whom he was formally + introduced by madame. + </p> + <p> + The President's welcome was a blend of surprise, anger, forced + condescension, and diplomatic politeness. All these shades of feeling were + easily perceived by the Spaniard, who showed not a trace of astonishment. + This was because Clorinde's absolute sway over her husband was as patent + as the fact that, in his own house, the President was powerless to do as + he liked. + </p> + <p> + Melladoro, who was only twenty years old, thought he had made a charming + conquest. He asked to be allowed to present his respects occasionally, + when Clorinde promptly invited him to do so, in her husband's name as well + as in her own. + </p> + <p> + It was now morning, and he took leave of the ladies. Two days after this + he reappeared; then he came five or six times a week, until at last it was + settled that a place should be laid for him every day at the President's + table. + </p> + <p> + That year it was M. de Nesmond's turn to preside at the courts during + vacation-time. He pleaded urgent motives of health, which made it + imperative for him to have country air and complete rest. Another judge + consented to forego his vacation and take his place on the bench for four + months; so M. de Nesmond was able to leave Paris. + </p> + <p> + When the time came to set out by coach, madame went off into violent + hysterics; but the magistrate, backed up by his father-in-law, showed + firmness, and they set out for the Chateau de Nesmond, about thirty + leagues from Paris. + </p> + <p> + M. de Nesmond found the country far from enjoyable. His wife, who always + sat by herself in her dressing-gown and seldom consented to see a soul, on + more than one occasion left her guests at table in order to sulk and mope + in her closet. + </p> + <p> + She fell ill. During her periods of suffering and depression, she + continually mentioned the Spaniard's name. Failing his person, she desired + to have his portrait. Alarmed at his wife's condition, the President + agreed to write a letter himself to the author of all this trouble, who + soon sent the lady a handsome sweetmeat-box ornamented with his crest and + his portrait. + </p> + <p> + At the sight of this, Clorinde became like another woman. She had her hair + dressed and put on a smart gown, to show the portrait how deeply enamoured + she was of the original. + </p> + <p> + "Monsieur," she said to her husband, "I am the only daughter of a wealthy + man, who, when he gave me to a magistrate older than himself, did not + intend to sacrifice me. You have been young, no doubt, and you, therefore, + ought to know how revolting to youth, all freshness and perfume, are the + cuddlings and caresses of decrepitude. As yet I do not detest you, but it + is absolutely impossible to love you. On the contrary, I am in love with + Melladoro; perhaps in your day you were as attractive as he is, and knew + how to make the most of what you then possessed. Now, will you please me + by going back to Paris? I shall be ever so grateful to you if you will. Or + must you spend the autumn in this gloomy abode of your ancestors? To show + myself obedient, I will consent; only in this case you must send your + secretary to the Spanish Legation, and your coach-and-six, to bring + Melladoro here without delay." + </p> + <p> + At this speech M. de Nesmond could no longer hide his disgust, but frankly + refused to entertain such a proposal for one moment. Whereupon, his wife + gave way to violent grief. She could neither eat nor sleep, and being + already in a weakly state, soon developed symptoms which frightened her + doctors. + </p> + <p> + M. de Nesmond was frightened too, and at length sent his rival a polite + and pressing invitation to come and stay at the chateau. + </p> + <p> + This state of affairs went on for six whole years, during which time + Madame de Nesmond lavished upon her comely paramour all the wealth amassed + by her frugal, orderly spouse. + </p> + <p> + At last the President could stand it no longer, but went and made a bitter + complaint to the King. His Majesty at once asked the Spanish Ambassador to + have Melladoro recalled. + </p> + <p> + At this news, Clorinde was seized with violent convulsions; so severe, + indeed, was this attack, that her wretched husband at once sought to have + the order rescinded. But as it transpired, the King's wish had been + instantly complied with, and the unwelcome news had to be told to + Clorinde. + </p> + <p> + "If you love me," quoth she to her husband, "then grant me this last + favour, after which, I swear it, Clorinde will never make further appeal + to your kind-heartedness. However quick they have been, my young friend + cannot yet have reached the coast. Let me have sight of him once more; let + me give him a lock of my hair, a few loving words of advice, and one last + kiss before he is lost to me forever." + </p> + <p> + So fervent was her pleading and so profuse her tears, that M. de Nesmond + consented to do all. His coach-and-six was got ready there and then. An + hour before sunset the belfries of Havre came in sight, and as it was high + tide, they drove right up to the harbour wharf. + </p> + <p> + The ship had just loosed her moorings, and was gliding out to sea. + Clorinde could recognise Melladoro standing amid the passengers on deck. + Half fainting, she stretched out her arms and called him in a piteous + voice. Blushing, he sought to hide behind his companions, who all begged + him to show himself. By means of a wherry Clorinde soon reached the + frigate, and the good-natured sailors helped her to climb up the side of + the vessel. But in her agitation and bewilderment her foot slipped, and + she fell into the sea, whence she was soon rescued by several of the + pluckiest of the crew. + </p> + <p> + As she was being removed to her carriage, the vessel sailed out of + harbour. M. de Nesmond took a large house at Havre, in order to nurse her + with greater convenience, and had to stop there for a whole month, his + wife being at length brought back on a litter to Paris. + </p> + <p> + Her convalescence was but an illusion after all. Hardly had she reached + home when fatal symptoms appeared; she felt that she must die, but showed + little concern thereat. The portrait of the handsome Spaniard lay close + beside her on her couch. She smiled at it, besought it to have pity on her + loneliness, or scolded it bitterly for indifference, and for going away. + </p> + <p> + A short time before her death, she sent for her husband and her father, to + whom she entrusted the care of her three children. + </p> + <p> + "Monsieur," said she to the President de Nesmond, "be kind to my son; he + has a right to your name and arms, and though he is my living image, + dearest Theodore is your son." Then turning to her father, who was + weeping, she said briefly, "All that to-day remains to you of Clorinde are + her two daughters. + </p> + <p> + "Pray love them as you loved me, and be more strict with them than you + were with me. M. de Nesmond owes these orphans nothing. All that Melladoro + owes them is affection. Tell him, I pray you, of my constancy and of my + death." + </p> + <p> + Such was the sad end of a young wife who committed no greater crime than + to love a man who was agreeable and after her own heart. M. de Nesmond was + just enough to admit that, in ill-assorted unions, good sense or good + nature must intervene, to ensure that the one most to be pitied receive + indulgent treatment at the hands of the most culpable, if the latter be + also the stronger of the two. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER L. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Montespan's Children and Those of La Valliere.—Monsieur le + Dauphin. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + I had successively lost the first and second Comte de Vegin; God also + chose to take Mademoiselle de Tours from me, who (in what way I know not) + was in features the very image of the Queen. Her Majesty was told so, and + desired to see my child, and when she perceived how striking was the + resemblance, she took a fancy to the charming little girl, and requested + that she might frequently be brought to see her. Such friendliness proved + unlucky, for the Infanta, as is well known, has never been able to rear + one of her children,—a great pity, certainly, for she has had five, + all handsome, well-made, and of gracious, noble mien, like the King. + </p> + <p> + In the case of Mademoiselle de Tours, the Queen managed to conquer her + dislike, and also sent for the Duc du Maine. Despite her affection for M. + le Dauphin, she herself admitted that if Monseigneur had the airs of a + gentleman, M. le Duc du Maine looked the very type of a king's son. + </p> + <p> + The Duc du Maine, Madame de Maintenon's special pupil, was so well trained + to all the exigencies of his position and his rank, that such premature + perfection caused him to pass for a prodigy. Than his, no smile could be + more winning and sweet; no one could carry himself with greater dignity + and ease. He limps slightly, which is a great pity, especially as he has + such good looks, and so graceful a figure; his lameness, indeed, was + entirely the result of an accident,—a sad accident, due to teething. + To please the King, his governess took him once to Auvez, and twice to the + Pyrenees, but neither the waters nor the Auvez quack doctors could effect + a cure. At any rate, I was fortunate enough to bring up this handsome + prince, who, if he treat me with ceremony, yet loves me none the less. + </p> + <p> + Brought up by the Duc de Montausier, a sort of monkish soldier, and by + Bossuet, a sort of military monk, Monsieur le Dauphin had no good examples + from which to profit. Crammed as he is with Latin, Greek, German, Spanish, + and Church history, he knows all that they teach in colleges, being + totally ignorant of all that can only be learnt at the Court of a king. He + has no distinction of manner, no polish or refinement of address; he + laughs in loud guffaws, and even raises his voice in the presence of his + father. Having been born at Court, his way of bowing is not altogether + awkward; but what a difference between his salute and that of the King! + "Monseigneur looks just like a German prince." That speech exactly hits + him off,—a portrait sketched by no other brush than that of his + royal father. + </p> + <p> + Monseigneur, who does not like me, pays me court the same as any one else. + Being very jealous of the pretty Comte de Vermandois and his brother, the + Duc du Maine, he tries to imitate their elegant manner, but is too stiff + to succeed. The Duc du Maine shows him the respect inspired by his + governess, but the Comte de Vermandois, long separated from his mother, + has been less coached in this respect, and being thoroughly candid and + sincere, shows little restraint. Often, instead of styling him + "Monseigneur," he calls him merely "Monsieur le Dauphin," while the + latter, as if such a title were common or of no account, looks at his + brother and makes no reply. + </p> + <p> + When I told the King about such petty fraternal tiffs, he said, "With age, + all that will disappear; as a man grows taller, he gets a better, broader + view of his belongings." + </p> + <p> + M. le Dauphin shows a singular preference for Mademoiselle de Nantes, but + my daughter, brimful of wit and fun, often makes merry at the expense of + her exalted admirer. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Blois, the eldest daughter of Madame de la Valliere, is + the handsomest, most charming person it is possible to imagine. Her slim, + graceful figure reminds one of the beautiful goddesses, with whom poets + entertain us; she abounds in accomplishments and every sort of charm. Her + tender solicitude for her mother, and their constant close companionship, + have doubtless served to quicken her intelligence and penetration. + </p> + <p> + Like the King, she is somewhat grave; she has the same large brown eyes, + and just his Austrian lip, his shapely hand and well-turned leg, almost + his selfsame voice. Madame de la Valliere, who, in the intervals of + pregnancy, had no bosom to speak of, has shown marked development in this + respect since living at the convent. The Princess, ever since she attained + the age of puberty, has always seemed adequately furnished with physical + charms. The King provided her with a husband in the person of the Prince + de Conti, a nephew of the Prince de Conde. They are devotedly attached to + each other, being both as handsome as can be. The Princesse de Conti + enjoys the entire affection of the Queen, who becomes quite uneasy if she + does not see her for five or six days. + </p> + <p> + Certain foreign princes proposed for her hand, when the King replied that + the presence of his daughter was as needful to him as daylight or the air + he breathed. + </p> + <p> + I have here surely drawn a most attractive portrait of this princess, and + I ought certainly to be believed, for Madame de Conti is not fond of me at + all. Possibly she looks upon me as the author of her mother's disgrace; I + shall never be at pains to undeceive her. Until the moment of her + departure, Madame de la Valliere used always to visit me. The evening + before her going she took supper with me, and I certainly had no cause to + read in her looks either annoyance or reproach. Mademoiselle de + Montpensier, who happened to call, saw us at table, and stayed to have + some dessert with us. She has often told me afterwards how calm and serene + the Duchess looked. One would never have thought she was about to quit a + brilliant Court for the hair shirt of the ascetic, and all the + death-in-life of a convent. I grieved for her, I wept for her, and I got + her a grand gentleman as a husband. + </p> + <p> + [This statement is scarcely reconcilable with the fact that Madame de la + Valliere remained in a convent until her death. This may refer to + Mademoiselle de Blois, La Valliere's daughter, who was given in marriage + to the Prince de Conti.—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon's Character.—The Queen Likes Her.—She + Revisits Her Family.—Her Grandfather's Papers Restored to Her. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + As Madame de Maintenon's character happened to please the King, as I have + already stated, he allotted her handsome apartments at Court while waiting + until he could keep her there as a fixture, by conferring upon her some + important appointment. She had the honour of being presented to the Queen, + who paid her a thousand compliments respecting the Duc du Maine's + perfections, being so candid and so good natured as to say: + </p> + <p> + "You would have been just the person to educate Monseigneur." + </p> + <p> + Unwilling to appear as if she slighted the Dauphin's actual tutors, Madame + de Maintenon adroitly replied that, as it seemed to her, M. le Dauphin had + been brought up like an angel. + </p> + <p> + It is said that I have special talent for sustaining and enlivening a + conversation; there is something in that, I admit, but to do her justice, + I must say that in this respect Madame de Maintenon is without a rival. + She has quite a wealth of invention; the most arid subject in her hands + becomes attractive; while for transitions, her skill is unequalled. Far + simpler than myself, she gauges her whole audience with a single glance. + And as, since her misfortunes, her rule has been never to make an enemy, + since these easily crop up along one's path, she is careful never to utter + anything which could irritate the feelings or wound the pride of the most + sensitive. Her descriptions are so varied, so vivacious, that they + fascinate a whole crowd. If now and again some little touch of irony + escapes her, she knows how to temper and even instantly to neutralise this + by terms of praise at once natural and simple. + </p> + <p> + Under the guise of an extremely pretty woman, she conceals the knowledge + and tact of a statesman. I have, moreover, noticed that latterly the King + likes to talk about matters of State when she is present. He rarely did + this with me. + </p> + <p> + I think she is at the outset of a successful career. The King made + persistent inquiries with regard to her whole family. He has already + conferred a petty governorship upon the Comte d'Aubigne, her brother, and + the Marquis de la Gallerie, their cousin, has just received the command of + a regiment, and a pension. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon readily admits that she owes her actual good fortune + to myself. I also saw one of her letters to Madame de Saint-Geran, in + which she refers to me in terms of gratitude. Sometimes, indeed, she goes + too far, even siding with my husband, and condemning what she dares to + term my conduct; however, this is only to my face. I have always liked + her, and in spite of her affronts, I like her still; but there are times + when I am less tolerant, and then we are like two persons just about to + fall out. + </p> + <p> + The Comte de Toulouse and Mademoiselle de Blois were not entrusted to her + at their birth as the others were. The King thought that the additional + responsibility of their education would prove too great for the Marquise. + He preferred to enjoy her society and conversation, so my two youngest + children were placed in the care of Madame d'Arbon, a friend or stewardess + of M. de Colbert. Not a great compliment, as I take it. + </p> + <p> + When, for the second time, Madame de Maintenon took the Duc du Maine to + Barege, she returned by way of the Landes, Guienne, and Poitou. She wished + to revisit her native place, and show her pupil to all her relations. + Perceiving that she was a marquise, the instructress of princes, and a + personage in high favour, they were lavish of their compliments and their + praise, yet forebore to give her back her property. + </p> + <p> + Knowing that she was a trifle vain about her noble birth, they made over + to her the great family pedigree, as well as a most precious manuscript. + These papers, found to be quite correct, included a most spirited history + of the War of the League, written by Baron Agrippa d'Aubigne, who might + rank as an authority upon the subject, having fought against the Leaguers + for over fifteen years. Among these documents the King found certain + details that hitherto had been forgotten, or had never yet come to light. + And as the Baron was Henri IV.'s favourite aide-decamp, every reference + that he makes to that good king is of importance and interest. + </p> + <p> + This manuscript, in the simplest manner possible, set forth the + governess's ancestors. I am sure she was more concerned about this + document than about her property. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Young Flemish Lady.—The Sainte-Aldegonde Family.—The Sage + of the Sepulchres. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Just at the time of the conquest of Tournai, a most amusing thing + occurred, which deserves to be chronicled. Another episode may be recorded + also, of a gloomier nature. + </p> + <p> + Directly Tournai had surrendered, and the new outposts were occupied, the + King wished to make his entry into this important town, which he had long + desired to see. The people and the burghers, although mute and silent, + willingly watched the French army and its King march past, but the + aristocracy scarcely showed themselves at any of the windows, and the few + folk who appeared here and there on the balconies abstained from + applauding the King. + </p> + <p> + Splendidly apparelled, and riding the loveliest of milk-white steeds, his + Majesty proceeded upon his triumphant way, surrounded by the flower of + French nobility, and scattering money as he went. + </p> + <p> + Before the Town Hall the procession stopped, when the magistrates + delivered an address, and gave up to his Majesty the keys of the city in a + large enamelled bowl. + </p> + <p> + When the King, looking calmly contented, was about to reply, he observed a + woman who had pushed her way through the French guardsmen, and staring + hard at him, appeared anxious to get close up to him. In fact, she + advanced a step or two, and the epithet that crossed her lips struck the + conqueror as being coarsely offensive. + </p> + <p> + "Arrest that woman," cried the King. She was instantly seized and brought + before him. + </p> + <p> + "Why do you insult me thus?" he asked quickly, but with dignity. + </p> + <p> + "I have not insulted you," replied the Flemish lady. "The word that + escaped me was rather a term of flattery and of praise, at least if it has + the meaning which it conveys to us here, in these semi-French parts." + </p> + <p> + "Say that word again," added the King; "for I want everybody to bear + witness that I am just in punishing you for such an insult." + </p> + <p> + "Sire," answered this young woman, "your soldiers have destroyed my + pasture-lands, my woods, and my crops. Heart-broken, I came here to curse + you, but your appearance at once made me change my mind. On looking closer + at you, in spite of my grief, I could not help exclaiming, 'So that's the + handsome b——-, is it!'" + </p> + <p> + The grenadiers, being called as witnesses, declared that such was in fact + her remark. Then the King smiled, and said to the young Flemish lady: + </p> + <p> + "Who are you? What is your name?" + </p> + <p> + With readiness and dignity she replied, "Sire, you see before you the + Comtesse de Sainte-Aldegonde." + </p> + <p> + "Pray, madame," quoth the King, "be so good as to finish your toilet; I + invite you to dine with me to-day." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Sainte-Aldegonde accepted the honour, and did in fact dine with + his Majesty that day. She was clever, and made herself most agreeable, so + that the King, whose policy it was to win hearts by all concessions + possible, indemnified her for all losses sustained during the war, besides + granting favours to all her relatives and friends. + </p> + <p> + The Sainte-Aldegonde family appeared at Court, being linked thereto by + good services. It is already a training-ground for excellent officers and + persons of merit. + </p> + <p> + But for that somewhat neat remark of the Countess's, all those gentlemen + would have remained in poverty and obscurity within the walls or in the + suburbs of Tournai. + </p> + <p> + Some days after this, the King was informed of the arrest of a most + dangerous individual, who had been caught digging below certain ancient + aqueducts "with a view to preparing a mine of some sort." This person was + brought in, tied and bound like a criminal; they hustled him and + maltreated him. I noticed how he trembled and shed tears. + </p> + <p> + He was a learned man—an antiquary. A few days before our invasion he + had commenced certain excavations, which he had been forced to + discontinue, and now so great was his impatience that he had been obliged + to go on in spite of the surrounding troops. By means of an old + manuscript, long kept by the Druids, as also by monks, this man had been + able to discover traces of an old Roman highroad, and as in the days of + the Romans the tombs of the rich and the great were always placed + alongside these broad roads, our good antiquary had been making certain + researches there, which for him had proved to be a veritable gold-mine. + </p> + <p> + Having made confession of all this to the King, his Majesty set him free, + granting him, moreover, complete liberty as regarded the execution of his + enterprise. + </p> + <p> + A few days afterwards he begged to have the honour of presenting to his + Majesty some of the objects which he had collected during his researches. + I was present, and the following are the funereal curiosities which he + showed us: + </p> + <p> + Having broken open a tomb, he had extracted therefrom a large alabaster + vase, which still contained the ashes of the deceased. Next this urn, + carefully sealed up, there was another vase, containing three gold rings + adorned with precious stones, two gold spurs, the bit of a battle-horse, + very slightly rusted, and chased with silver and gold, a sort of seal with + rough coat-of-arms, a necklace of large and very choice pearls, a stylet + or pencil for calligraphy, and a hundred gold and silver coins bearing the + effigy of Domitian, a very wicked emperor, who reigned over Rome and over + Gaul in those days. + </p> + <p> + When the King had amused himself with examining these trinkets, he turned + to the antiquary and said, "Is that all, sir? Why, where is Charon's flask + of wine?" + </p> + <p> + "Here, your Majesty," replied the old man, producing a small flask. "See, + the wine has become quite clear." + </p> + <p> + With great difficulty the flask was opened; the wine it contained was pale + and odourless, but by those bold enough to taste it, was pronounced + delicious. + </p> + <p> + When overturning the urn in order to empty out the ashes and bury them, + they noticed an inscription, which the King instantly translated. It ran + thus: + </p> + <p> + "May the gods who guard tombs punish him who breaks open this mausoleum. + The troubles and misfortunes of Aurelius Silvius have been cruel enough + during his lifetime; in this tomb at least let him have peace." + </p> + <p> + The worthy antiquary offered me his pearl necklace and one of the antique + rings, but I refused these with a look of horror. He sold the coins to the + King, and informed us that his various excavations and researches had + brought him in about one hundred thousand livres up to the present time. + </p> + <p> + The King said to him playfully, "Mind what you are about, monsieur; that + sentence which I translated for you is not of a very, reassuring nature." + </p> + <p> + "Yet it will not serve to hinder me in my scientific researches," replied + the savant. "Charon, who by now must be quite a rich man, evidently + disdains all such petty hidden treasures as these. To me they are most + useful." + </p> + <p> + Next time we passed through Tournai, I made inquiries as to this miser, + and afterwards informed the King. It appears that he was surprised by + robbers when despoiling one of these tombs. After robbing him of all that + he possessed, they buried him alive in the very, grave where he was + digging, so as to save expense. What a dismal sort of science! What a + life, and what a death! + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Monks of Sainte Amandine.—The Prince of Orange Entrapped.—The + Drugged Wine.—The Admirable Judith. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + After the furious siege of Conde, which lasted only four days, the King, + who had been present, left for Sebourg, whence he sent orders for the + destruction of the principal forts of Liege, and for the ravaging of the + Juliers district. He treated the Neubourg estates in the same ruthless + fashion, as the Duke had abandoned his attitude of neutrality, and had + joined the Empire, Holland and Spain. All the Cleves district, and those + between the Meuse and the Vahal, were subjected to heavy taxation. + Everywhere one saw families in flight, castles sacked, homesteads and + convents in flames. + </p> + <p> + The Duc de Villa-Hermosa, Governor-General in Flanders for the King of + Spain, and William of Orange, the Dutch leader, went hither and thither + all over the country, endeavouring to rouse the people, and spur them on + to offer all possible resistance to the King of France. + </p> + <p> + These two noble generalissimi even found their way into monasteries and + nunneries, and carried off their silver plate, actually, seizing the + consecrated vessels used for the sacrament, saying that all such things + would help the good cause. + </p> + <p> + One day they entered a wealthy Bernardine monastery, where the miraculous + tomb of Sainte Amandine was on view. The great veneration shown for this + saint in all the country thereabouts had served greatly to enrich the + community and bring them in numerous costly offerings. The chapel wherein + the saint's heart was said to repose was lighted by a huge gold lamp, and + on the walls and in niches right up to the ceiling were thousands of + votive offerings in enamel, silver, and gold. The Duc de Villa-Hermosa (a + good Catholic) dared not give orders for the pillage of this holy chapel, + but left that to the Prince of Orange (a good Huguenot). + </p> + <p> + One evening they came to ask the prior for shelter, who, seeing that he + was at the mercy of both armies, had to show himself pleasant to each. + </p> + <p> + During supper, when the two generals informed him of the object of their + secret visit, he clearly perceived that the monastery was about to be + sacked, and like a man of resource, at once made up his mind. When dessert + came, he gave his guests wine that had been drugged. The generals, growing + drowsy, soon fell asleep, and the prior at once caused them to be carried + off to a cell and placed upon a comfortable bed. + </p> + <p> + This done, he celebrated midnight mass as usual, and at its close he + summoned the whole community, telling them of their peril and inviting + counsel and advice. + </p> + <p> + "My brethren," asked he, "ought we not to look upon our prisoners as + profaners of holy places, and serve them in secret and before God as once + the admirable Judith served Holofernes?" + </p> + <p> + At this proposal there was a general murmur. The assembly grew agitated, + but seeing how perilous was the situation, order was soon restored. + </p> + <p> + The old monks were of opinion that the two generals ought not yet to be + sacrificed, but should be shut up in a subterranean dungeon, a messenger + being sent forthwith to the French King announcing their capture. + </p> + <p> + The young monks protested loudly against such an act, declaring it to be + treacherous, disgraceful, felonious. The prior endeavoured to make them + listen to reason and be silent, but the young monks, though in a minority, + got the upper hand. They deposed the prior, abused and assaulted him, and + finally flung him into prison. One of them was appointed prior without + ballot, and this new leader, followed by his adherents, roused the + generals and officiously sent them away. + </p> + <p> + The prior's nephew, a young Bernardine, accompanied by a lay brother and + two or three servants, set out across country that night, and brought + information to the King of all this disorder, begging his Majesty to save + his worthy uncle's life. + </p> + <p> + At the head of six hundred dragoons, the King hastened to the convent and + at once rescued the prior, sending the good old monks of Sainte Amandine + to Citeaux, and dispersing the rebellious young ones among the Carthusian + and Trappist monasteries. All the treasures contained in the chapel he had + transferred to his camp, until a calmer, more propitious season. + </p> + <p> + That priceless capture, the Prince of Orange, escaped him, however, and he + was inconsolable thereat, adding, as he narrated the incident, "Were it + not that I feared to bring dishonour upon my name, and sully the history + of my reign and my life, I would have massacred those young Saint-Bernard + monks." + </p> + <p> + "What a vile breed they all are!" I cried, losing all patience. + </p> + <p> + "No, no, madame," he quickly rejoined, "you are apt to jump from one + extreme to the other. It does not do to generalise thus. The young monks + at Sainte Amandine showed themselves to be my enemies, I admit, and for + this I shall punish them as they deserve, but the poor old monks merely + desired my success and advantage. When peace is declared, I shall take + care of them and of their monastery; the prior shall be made an abbot. I + like the poor fellow; so will you, when you see him." + </p> + <p> + I really cannot see why the King should have taken such a fancy to this + old monk, who was minded to murder a couple of generals in his convent + because, forsooth, Judith once slew Holofernes! Judith might have been + tempted to do that sort of thing; she was a Jewess. But a Christian monk! + I cannot get over it! + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Chevalier de Rohan.—He is Born Too Late.—His Debts.—Messina + Ceded to the French.—The King of Spain Meditates Revenge.—The + Comte de Monterey.—Madame de Villars as Conspirator.—The + Picpus Schoolmaster.—The Plot Fails.—Discovery and + Retribution.—Madame de Soubise's Indifference to the Chevalier's + Fate. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Had he been born fifty or sixty years earlier, the Chevalier de Rohan + might have played a great part. He was one of those men, devoid of + restraint and of principle, who love pleasure above all things, and who + would sacrifice their honour, their peace of mind, aye, even the State + itself, if such a sacrifice were really needed, in order to attain their + own personal enjoyment and satisfaction. + </p> + <p> + The year before, he once invited himself to dinner at my private residence + at Saint Germain, and he then gave me the impression of being a madman, or + a would-be conspirator. My sister De Thianges noticed the same thing, too. + </p> + <p> + The Chevalier had squandered his fortune five or six years previously; his + bills were innumerable. + </p> + <p> + Each day he sank deeper into debt, and the King remarked, "The Chevalier + de Rohan will come to a bad end; it will never do to go on as he does." + </p> + <p> + Instead of keeping an eye upon him, and affectionately asking him to + respect his family's honour, the Prince and Princesse de Soubise made as + if it were their duty to ignore him and blush for him. + </p> + <p> + Profligacy, debts, and despair drove this unfortunate nobleman to make a + resolve such as might never be expected of any high-born gentleman. + </p> + <p> + Discontented with their governor, Don Diego de Soria, the inhabitants of + Messina had just shaken off the Spanish yoke, and had surrendered to the + King of France, who proffered protection and help. + </p> + <p> + Such conduct on the part of the French Government seemed to the King of + Spain most disloyal, and he desired nothing better than to revenge + himself. This is how he set about it. + </p> + <p> + On occasions of this kind it is always the crafty who are sought out for + such work. Comte de Monterey was instructed to sound the Chevalier de + Rohan upon the subject, offering him safety and a fortune as his reward. + Pressed into their service there was also the Marquise de Villars,—a + frantic gambler, a creature bereft of all principle and all modesty,—to + whom a sum of twenty thousand crowns in cash was paid over beforehand, + with the promise of a million directly success was ensured. She undertook + to manage Rohan and tell him what to do. Certain ciphers had to be used, + and to these the Marquise had the key. They needed a messenger both + intelligent and trustworthy, and for this mission she gave the Chevalier + an ally in the person of an ex-teacher in the Flemish school at Picpus, on + the Faubourg Saint Antoine. This man and the Chevalier went secretly to + the Comte de Monterey in Flanders, and by this trio it was settled that on + a certain day, at high tide, Admiral van Tromp with his fleet should + anchor off Honfleur or Quillebceuf in Normandy, and that, at a given + signal, La Truaumont, the Chevalier de Preaux, and the Chevalier de Rohan + were to surrender to him the town and port without ever striking a single + blow, all this being for the benefit of his Majesty the King of Spain. + </p> + <p> + But all was discovered. The five culprits were examined, when the Marquise + de Villars stated that the inhabitants of Messina had given them an + example which the King of France had not condemned! + </p> + <p> + The Marquise and the two Chevaliers were beheaded, while the + ex-schoolmaster was hanged. As for young La Truaumont, son of a councillor + of the Exchequer, he escaped the block by letting himself be throttled by + his guards or gaolers, to whom he offered no resistance. + </p> + <p> + Despite her influence upon the King's feelings, the Princess de Soubise + did not deign to take the least notice of the trial, and they say that she + drove across the Pont-Neuf in her coach just as the Chevalier de Rohan, + pinioned and barefooted, was marching to his doom. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Prince of Orange Captures Bonn.—The King Captures Orange.—The + Calvinists of Orange Offer Resistance. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Since Catiline's famous hatred for Consul Cicero, there has never been + hatred so deep and envenomed as that of William of Orange for the King. + For this loathing, cherished by a petty prince for a great potentate, + various reasons have been given. As for myself, I view things closely and + in their true light, and I am convinced that Prince William was actuated + by sheer jealousy and envy. + </p> + <p> + It was affirmed that the King, when intending to give him as bride + Mademoiselle de Blois, his eldest daughter and great favourite, had + offered to place him on the Dutch throne as independent King, and that to + such generous proposals the petty Stadtholder replied, "I am not pious + enough to marry the daughter of a Carmelite nun." So absurd a proposal as + this, however, was never made, for the simple reason that Mademoiselle de + Blois has never yet been offered in marriage to any prince or noble man in + this wide world. Rather than to be parted from her, the King would prefer + her to remain single. He has often said as much to me, and there is no + reason to doubt his word. + </p> + <p> + The little Principality of Orange, which once formed the estate of this + now outlandish family, is situate close to the Rhone, amid French + territory. Though decorated with the title of Sovereignty, like its + neighbour the Principality of Dombes, it is no less a fief-land of the + Crown. In this capacity it has to contribute to the Crown revenues, and + owes homage and fealty to the sovereign. + </p> + <p> + Such petty, formal restrictions are very galling to the arrogant young + Prince of Orange, for he is one of those men who desire, at all cost, to + make a noise in the world, and who would set fire to Solomon's Temple or + to the Delphian Temple, it mattered not which, so long as they made people + talk about them. + </p> + <p> + After Turenne's death, there was a good deal of rivalry among our + generals. This proved harmful to the service. The Goddess of Victory + discovered this, and at times forsook us. Many possessions that were + conquered had to be given up, and we had to bow before those whom erst we + had humiliated. But Orange was never restored.—[This was written in + 1677.] + </p> + <p> + When, in November, 1673, the Prince of Orange had the audacity to besiege + Bonn, the residence of our ally, the Prince Elector of Cologne, and to + reduce that prelate to the last extremity, the King promptly seized upon + the Principality of Orange; and having planted the French flag upon every + building, he published a general decree, strictly forbidding the + inhabitants to hold any communication whatever with "their former petty + sovereign," and ordering prayers to be said for him, Louis, in all their + churches. This is a positive fact. + </p> + <p> + The Roman Catholics readily complied with this royal decree, which was in + conformity with their sympathies and their interests; but the Protestants + waxed furious thereat. Some of them even carried their devotion to such a + pitch that they paid taxes to two masters; that is to say, to Stadtholder + William, as well as to his Majesty the King. + </p> + <p> + The Huguenot "ministers," or priests, issued pastoral letters in praise of + the Calvinist Prince and in abuse of the Most Christian King. They also + preached against the new oath of fealty, and committed several most + imprudent acts, which the Jesuits were not slow to remark and report in + Court circles. + </p> + <p> + Such audacity, and the need for its repression, rankled deep in the King's + heart; and I believe he is quite disposed to pass measures of such extreme + severity as will soon deprive the Protestants and Lutherans of any + privileges derived from the Edict of Nantes. + </p> + <p> + From various sources I receive the assurance that he is preparing to deal + a heavy blow anent this; but the King's character is impenetrable. Time + alone will show. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="p288" id="p288"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="p288.jpg (90K)" src="images/p288.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LVI + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Castle of Bleink-Elmeink.—Romantic and Extraordinary Discovery.—An + Innocent and Persecuted Wife.—Madame de Bleink-Elmeink at Chaillot. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + After the siege and surrender of Maestricht, when the King had no other + end in view than the entire conquest of Dutch Brabant, he took us to this + country, which had suffered greatly by the war. Some districts were wholly + devastated, and it became increasingly difficult to find lodging and + shelter for the Court. + </p> + <p> + The grooms of the chambers one day found for us a large chateau, situated + in a woody ravine, old-fashioned in structure, and surrounded by a moat. + There was only one drawbridge, flanked by two tall towers, surmounted by + turrets and culverins. Its owner was in residence at the time. He came to + the King and the Queen, and greeting them in French, placed his entire + property at their disposal. + </p> + <p> + It had rained in torrents for two days without ceasing. Despite the + season, everybody was wet through and benumbed with cold. Large fires were + made in all the huge fireplaces; and when the castle's vast rooms were + lighted up by candles, we agreed that the architect had not lacked + grandeur of conception nor good taste when building such large corridors, + massive staircases, lofty vestibules, and spacious, resounding rooms. That + given to the Queen was like an alcove, decorated by six large marble + caryatides, joined by a handsome balustrade high enough to lean upon. The + four-post bed was of azure blue velvet, with flowered work and rich gold + and silver tasselling. Over the chimneypiece was the huge Bleink-Elmeink + coat-of-arms, supported by two tall Templars. + </p> + <p> + The King's apartment was an exact reproduction of a room existing at + Jerusalem in the time of Saint Louis; this was explained by inscriptions + and devices in Gothic or Celtic. + </p> + <p> + My room was supposed to be an exact copy of the famous Pilate's chamber, + and it was named so; and for three days my eyes were rejoiced by the + detailed spectacle of our Lord's Passion, from His flagellation to His + agony on Calvary. + </p> + <p> + The Queen came to see me in this room, and did me the honour of being + envious of so charming an apartment. + </p> + <p> + The fourth day, when the weather became fine, we prepared to change our + quarters and take to our carriages again, when an extraordinary event + obliged us to send a messenger for the King, who had already left us, and + had gone forward to join the army. + </p> + <p> + An old peasant, still robust and in good health, performed in this gloomy + castle the duties of a housekeeper. In this capacity she frequently + visited our rooms to receive our orders and satisfy our needs. + </p> + <p> + Seeing that the Queen's boxes were being closed, and that our departure + was at hand, she came to me and said: + </p> + <p> + "Madame, the sovereign Lord of Heaven has willed it thus; that the + officers of the French King should have discovered as the residence of his + Court this castle amid gloomy forests and precipices. The great prince has + come hither and has stayed here for a brief while, and we have sought to + welcome him as well as we could. He gave the Comte de Bleink-Elmeink, lord + of this place and my master, his portrait set in diamonds; he had far + better have cut his throat." + </p> + <p> + "Good heavens, woman! What is this you tell me?" I exclaimed. "Of what + crime is your master guilty? He seems to me to be somewhat moody and + unsociable; but his family is of good renown, and all sorts of good things + have been, told concerning it to the King and Queen." + </p> + <p> + "Madame," replied the old woman, drawing me aside into a window-recess, + and lowering her voice, "do you see at the far end of yonder court an old + dungeon of much narrower dimensions than the others? In that dungeon lies + the good Comtesse de Bleink-Elmeink; she has languished there for five + years." + </p> + <p> + Then this woman informed me that her master, formerly page of honour to + the Empress Eleanor, had wedded, on account of her great wealth, a young + Hungarian noblewoman, by whom he had two children, both of whom were + living. Such was his dislike of their mother, on account of a slight + deformity, that for four or five years he shamefully maltreated her, and + at last shut her up in this dungeon-keep, allowing her daily the most + meagre diet possible. + </p> + <p> + "When, some few days since, the royal stewards appeared in front of the + moat, and claimed admittance, the Count was much alarmed," added the + peasant woman. "He thought that all was discovered, and that he was going + to suffer for it. It was not until the King and Queen came that he was + reassured, and he has not been able to hide his embarrassment from any of + us." + </p> + <p> + "Where are the two children of his marriage?" I asked the old woman, + before deciding to act. + </p> + <p> + "The young Baron," she answered, "is at Vienna or Ohnutz, at an academy + there. His sister, a graceful, pretty girl, has been in a convent from her + childhood; the nuns have promised to keep her there, and as soon as she is + fourteen, she will take the veil." + </p> + <p> + My first impulse was to acquaint the Queen with these astounding + revelations, but it soon struck me that, to tackle a man of such + importance as the Count, we could not do without the King. I at once sent + my secretary with a note, imploring his Majesty to return, but giving no + reason for my request. He came back immediately, post-haste, when the + housekeeper repeated to him, word for word, all that I have set down here. + The King could hardly believe his ears. + </p> + <p> + When coming to a decision, his Majesty never does so precipitately. He + paced up and down the room twice or thrice, and then said to me, "The + matter is of a rather singular nature; I am unacquainted with law, and + what I propose to do may one day serve as an example. It is my duty to + rescue our unfortunate hostess, and requite her nobly for her + hospitality." + </p> + <p> + So saying, he sent for the Count, and assuming a careless, almost jocular + air, thus addressed him: + </p> + <p> + "You were formerly page to the Empress Eleanor, I believe, M. le + Bleink-Elmeink?" + </p> + <p> + "Yes, Sire." + </p> + <p> + "She is dead, but the Emperor would easily recognise you, would he not?" + </p> + <p> + "I imagine so, Sire." + </p> + <p> + "I have thought of you as a likely person to be the bearer of a message, + some one of your age and height being needed, and of grave, secretive + temperament, such as I notice you to possess. Get everything in readiness, + as I intend to send you as courier to his Imperial Majesty. I am going to + write to him from here, and you shall bring me back his reply to my + proposals." + </p> + <p> + To be sent off like this was most galling to the Count, but his youth and + perfect health allowed him not the shadow of a pretext. He was obliged to + pack his valise and start. He pretended to look pleased and acquiescent, + but in his eyes I could detect fury and despair. + </p> + <p> + Half an hour after his departure, the King had the drawbridge raised, and + then went to inform the Queen of everything. + </p> + <p> + "Madame," said he, "you have been sleeping in this unfortunate lady's + nuptial bed. She is now about to be presented to you. I ask that you will + receive her kindly, and afterwards act as her protector, should anything + happen to me." + </p> + <p> + Tears filled the Queen's eyes, and she trembled in amazement. The King + instantly made for the dungeon, and in default of a key, broke open all + the gates. In a few minutes Madame de Bleink-Elmeink, supported by two + guards, entered the Queen's presence, and was about to fling herself at + her feet; but the King prevented this. He himself placed her in an + armchair, and we others at once formed a large semicircle round her. + </p> + <p> + She seemed to breathe with difficulty, sighing and sobbing without being + able to utter a word. At, length she said to the King in fairly good + French, "May my Creator and yours reward you for this, great and + unexpected boon! Do not forsake me, Sire, now that you have broken my + fetters, but let your might protect me against the unjust violence of my + husband; and permit me to reside in France in whatever convent it please + you to choose. My august liberator shall become my lawful King, and under + his rule I desire to live and die." + </p> + <p> + In spite of her sorrow, Madame de Bleink-Elmeink did not appear to be more + than twenty-eight or thirty years old. Her large blue eyes, though she had + wept, much, were still splendid, and her high-bred features denoted + nobility and beauty of soul. To such a charming countenance her figure + scarcely corresponded; one side of her was slightly deformed, yet. this + did not interfere with the grace of her attitude when seated, nor her + agreeable deportment. + </p> + <p> + Directly she saw her, the Queen liked her. She looked half longingly at + the Countess, and then rising approached her and held out her hand to be + kissed, saying, "I mean to love you as if you were one of my own family; + you shall be placed at Val-de-Grace, and I will often come and see you." + </p> + <p> + Recovering herself somewhat, the Countess sank on her knees and kissed the + Queen's hand in a transport of joy. We, led her to her room, where she + took a little refreshment and afterwards slept until the following day. + All her servants and gardeners came to express their gladness at her + deliverance; and in order to keep her company, the Queen decided to stay + another week at the castle. The Countess then set out for Paris, and it + was arranged that she should have the apartments at Chaillot, once + constructed by the Queen of England. + </p> + <p> + As for her dreadful husband, the King gave him plenty to do, and he did + not see his wife again for a good long while. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Silver Chandelier.—The King Holds the Ladder.—The Young + Dutchman. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + One day the King was passing through some of the large rooms of the + palace, at a time of the morning when the courtiers had not yet made their + appearance, and when carpenters and workmen were about, each busy in + getting his work done. + </p> + <p> + The King noticed a workman of some sort standing tiptoe on a double + ladder, and reaching up to unhook a large chandelier from the ceiling. The + fellow seemed likely to break his neck. + </p> + <p> + "Be careful," cried the King; "don't you see that your ladder is a short + one and is on castors? I have just come in time to help you by holding + it." + </p> + <p> + "Monsieur," said the man, "a thousand pardons, but if you will do so, I + shall be much obliged. On account of this ambassador who is coming today, + all my companions have lost their heads and have left me alone." + </p> + <p> + Then he unhooked the large crystal and silver chandelier, stepped down + carefully, leaning on the King's shoulder, who graciously allowed him to + do so. After humbly thanking him, the fellow made off. + </p> + <p> + That night in the chateau every one was talking about the hardihood of + some thief who in sight of everybody had stolen a handsome chandelier; the + Lord High Provost had already been apprised of the matter. The King began + to smile as he said out loud before every one, "I must request the Lord + High Provost to be good enough to hush the matter up, as in cases of theft + accomplices are punished as well, and it was I who held the ladder for the + thief." + </p> + <p> + Then his Majesty told us of the occurrence, as already narrated, and every + one was convinced that the thief could not be a novice or an apprentice at + his craft. Inquiries were instantly made, since so bold an attempt called + for exemplary punishment. All the upholsterers of the castle wished to + give themselves up as prisoners; their honour was compromised. It would be + hard to describe their consternation, being in truth honest folk. + </p> + <p> + When the Provost respectfully asked the King if he had had time to notice + the culprit's features, his Majesty replied that the workman in question + was a young fellow of about five-and-twenty, fair complexioned, with + chestnut hair, and pleasant features of delicate, almost feminine cast. + </p> + <p> + At this news, all the dark, plain men-servants were exultant; the + good-looking ones, however, were filled with fear. + </p> + <p> + Among the feutiers, whose sole duty it is to attend to the fires and + candles in the royal apartments, there was a nice-looking young Dutchman, + whom his companions pointed out to the Provost. They entered his room + while he was asleep, and found in his cupboard the following articles: Two + of the King's lace cravats, two shirts marked with a double L and the + crown, a pair of pale blue velvet shoes embroidered with silver, a + flowered waistcoat, a hat with white and scarlet plumes, other trifles, + and splendid portrait of the King, evidently part of some bracelet. As + regarded the chandelier, nothing was discovered. + </p> + <p> + When this young foreigner was taken to prison, he refused to speak for + twenty-four hours, and in all Versailles there was but one cry,—"They've + caught the thief!" + </p> + <p> + Next day matters appeared in a new light. The Provost informed his Majesty + that the young servant arrested was not a Dutchman, but a very pretty + Dutch woman. + </p> + <p> + At the time of the invasion, she was so unlucky as to see the King close + to her father's house, and conceived so violent a passion for him that she + at once forgot country, family, friends,—everything. Leaving the + Netherlands with the French army, she followed her conqueror back to his + capital, and by dint of perseverance managed to secure employment in the + royal palace. While there, her one delight was to see the King as often as + possible, and to listen to praise of his many noble deeds. + </p> + <p> + "The articles found in my possession," said she to the Provost, "are most + dear and precious to me; not for their worth, but because they have + touched the King's person. I did not steal them from his Majesty; I could + not do such a thing. I bought them of the valets de chambre, who were by + right entitled to such things, and who would have sold them + indiscriminately to any one else. The portrait was not sold to me, I + admit, but I got it from Madame la Marquise de Montespan, and in this way: + One day, in the parterres, madame dropped her bracelet. I had the good + fortune to pick it up, and I kept it for three or four days in my room. + Then bills were posted up in the park, stating that whoever brought the + bracelet to madame should receive a reward of ten louis. I took back the + ornament, for its pearls and diamonds did not tempt me, but I kept the + portrait instead of the ten louis offered." + </p> + <p> + When the King asked me if I recollected the occurrence, I assured him that + everything was perfectly true. Hereupon the King sent for the girl, who + was immediately brought to his chamber. Such was her modesty, and + confusion that she dared not raise her eyes from the ground. The King + spoke kindly to her, and gave her two thousand crowns to take her back to + her own home. The Provost was instructed to restore all these different + articles to her, and as regarded myself, I willingly let her have the + portrait, though it was worth a good deal more than the ten louis + mentioned. + </p> + <p> + When she got back to her own country and the news of her safe arrival was + confirmed, the King sent her twenty thousand livres as a dowry, which + enabled her to make a marriage suitable to her good-natured disposition + and blameless conduct. + </p> + <p> + She made a marked impression upon his Majesty, and he was often wont to + speak about the chandelier on account of her, always alluding to her in + kindly, terms. If ever he returns to Holland, I am sure he will want to + see her, either from motives of attachment or curiosity. Her name, if I + remember rightly, was Flora. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Observatory.—The King Visits the Carthusians.—How a + Painter with His Brush May Save a Convent.—The Guilty Monk.—Strange + Revelations.—The King's Kindness.—The Curate of Saint Domingo. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + When it was proposed to construct in Paris that handsome building called + the Observatory, the King himself chose the site for this. Having a map of + his capital before him, he wished this fine edifice to be in a direct line + of perspective with the Luxembourg, to which it should eventually be + joined by the demolition of the Carthusian Monastery, which filled a large + gap. + </p> + <p> + The King was anxious that his idea should be carried out, but whenever he + mentioned it to M. Mansard and the other architects, they declared that it + was a great pity to lose Lesueur's admirable frescos in the cloisters, + which would have to be destroyed if the King's vast scheme were executed. + </p> + <p> + One day his Majesty resolved to see for himself, and without the least + announcement of his arrival, he went to the Carthusian Monastery in the + Rue d'Enfer. The King has great knowledge of art; he admired the whole + series of wall-paintings, in which the life of Saint Bruno is divinely set + forth. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [By a new process these frescos were subsequently transferred to + canvas in 1800 or 1802, at which date the vast property of the + Carthusian monks became part of the Luxembourg estates.—EDITOR'S + NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + "Father," said he to the prior who showed him round, "these simple, + touching pictures are far beyond all that was ever told me. My intention, + I admit, was to move your institution elsewhere, so as to connect your + spacious property with my palace of the Luxembourg, but the horrible + outrage which would have to be committed deters me; to the marvellous art + of Lesueur you owe it that your convent remains intact." + </p> + <p> + The monk, overjoyed, expressed his gratitude to the King, and promised him + the love and guardianship of Saint Bruno in heaven. + </p> + <p> + Just then, service in the chapel was over, and the monks filed past two + and two, never raising their eyes from the gloomy pavement bestrewn with + tombstones. The prior, clapping his hands, signalled them to stop, and + then addressed them: + </p> + <p> + "My brethren, stay your progress a moment; lift up your heads, bowed down + by penance, and behold with awe the descendant of Saint Louis, the august + protector of this convent. Yes, our noble sovereign himself has + momentarily quitted his palace to visit this humble abode. On these quiet + walls which hide our cells, he has sought to read the simple, touching + story, of the life of our saintly founder. The august son of Louis the + Just has taken our dwelling-place and community under his immediate + protection. Go to your cells and pray to God for this magnanimous prince, + for his children and successors in perpetuity." + </p> + <p> + As he said these flattering words, a monk, with flushed cheeks and mouth + agape, flung himself down at the King's feet, beating his brow repeatedly + upon the pavement, and exclaiming: + </p> + <p> + "Sire, forgive me, forgive me, guilty though I be. I crave your royal + pardon and pity." + </p> + <p> + The prior, somewhat confused, saw that some important confession was about + to be made, so he dismissed the others, and sent them back to their + devotions. The prostrate monk, however, never thought of moving from his + position. Perceiving that he was alone with the King, whose calm, gentle + demeanour emboldened him, he begged anew for pardon with great energy, and + fervour. The King clearly saw that the penitent was some great evil-doer, + and he promised forgiveness in somewhat ambiguous fashion. Then the monk + rose and said: + </p> + <p> + "Your Majesty reigns to-day, and reigns gloriously. That is an amazing + miracle, for countless incredible dangers of the direst sort have beset + your cradle and menaced your youth. A prince of your house, backed up by + ambitious inferiors, resolved to wrest the crown from you, in order to get + it for himself and his descendants. The Queen, your mother, full of heroic + resolution, herself had energy enough to resist the cabal; but more than + once her feet touched the very brink of the precipice, and more than once + she nearly fell over it with her children. + </p> + <p> + "Noble qualities did this great Queen possess, but at times she had too + overweening a contempt for her enemies. Her disdain for my master, the + young Cardinal, was once too bitter, and begot in this presumptuous + prelate's heart undying hatred. Educated under the same roof as M. le + Cardinal, with the same teachers and the same doctrines, I saw, as it + were, with his eyes when I went out into the world, and marched beneath + his banner when civil war broke out. + </p> + <p> + "Dreading the punishment for his temerity, this prelate decided that the + sceptre should pass into other hands, and that the elder branch should + become extinct. With this end in view, he made me write a pamphlet showing + that you and your brother, the Prince, were not the King's sons; and + subsequently he induced me to issue another, in which I affirmed on oath + that the Queen, your mother, was secretly married to Cardinal Mazarin. + Unfortunately, these books met with astounding success, nor, though my + tears fall freely, can they ever efface such vile pages. + </p> + <p> + "I am also guilty of another crime, Sire, and this weighs more heavily + upon my heart. When the Queen-mother dexterously arranged for your removal + to Vincennes, she left in your bed at the Louvre a large doll. The rebels + were aware of this when it was too late. I was ordered to ride post-haste + with an escort in pursuit of your carriage; and I had to swear by the Holy + Gospels that, if I could not bring you back to Paris, I would stab you to + the heart. + </p> + <p> + "The enormity of my offence weighed heavily upon my spirit and my + conscience. I conceived a horror for the Cardinal and withdrew to this + convent. For many years I have undergone the most grievous penances, but I + shall never make thorough expiation for my sins, and I hold myself to be + as great a criminal as at first, so long as I have not obtained pardon + from my King." + </p> + <p> + "Are you in holy orders?" asked the King gently. + </p> + <p> + "No, Sire; I feel unworthy to take them," replied the Carthusian, in + dejected tones. + </p> + <p> + "Let him be ordained as soon as possible," said his Majesty to the prior. + "The monk's keen repentance touches me; his brain is still excitable; it + needs fresh air and change. I will appoint him to a curacy at Saint + Domingo, and desire him to leave for that place at the earliest + opportunity. Do not forget this." + </p> + <p> + The monk again prostrated himself before the King, overwhelming him with + blessings, and these royal commands were in due course executed. So it + came about that Lesueur's frescos led to startling revelations, and + enabled the Carthusians to keep their splendid property intact, ungainly + though this was and out of place. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Journey to Poitou.—The Mayor and the Sheriffs of Orleans.—The + Marquise's Modesty.—The Serenade.—The Abbey of Fontevrault.—Family + Council.—Duchomania.—A Letter to the King.—The Bishop of + Poitiers.—The Young Vicar.—Rather Give Him a Regiment.—The + Fete at the Convent.—The Presentation.—The Revolt.—A + Grand Example. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Abbess of Fontevrault, who, when a mere nun, could never bear her + profession, now loved it with all her heart, doubtless because of the + authority and freedom which she possessed, being at liberty to go or come + at will, and as absolute mistress of her actions, accountable to no one + for these. + </p> + <p> + She sent me her confidential woman, one of the "travelling sisters" of the + community, to tell me privately that the Principality of Talmont was going + to be sold, and to offer me her help at this important juncture. + </p> + <p> + Her letter, duly tied up and sealed, begged me to be bold and use my + authority, if necessary, in order to induce the King at last to give his + approval and consent. "What!" she wrote, "my dear sister; you have given + birth to eight children, the youngest of which is a marvel, and you have + not yet got your reward. All your children enjoy the rank of prince, and + you, their mother, are exempt from such distinction! What is the King + thinking about? Does it add to his dignity, honour, and glory that you + should still be merely a petty marquise? I ask again, what is the King + thinking of?" + </p> + <p> + In conclusion my sister invited me to pay a visit to her charming abbey. + "We have much to tell you," said she, and "such brief absence is needful + to you, so as to test the King's affection. Your sort of temperament suits + him, your talk amuses him; in fact, your society is absolutely essential + to him; the distance from Versailles to Saumur would seem to him as far + off as the uttermost end of his kingdom. He will send courier upon courier + to you; each of his letters will be a sort of entreaty, and you have only + just got to express your firm intention and desire to be created a duchess + or a princess, and, my dear sister, it will forthwith be done." + </p> + <p> + For two days I trained the travelling nun from Fontevrault in her part, + and then I suddenly presented her to the King. She had the honour of + explaining to his Majesty that she had left the Abbess sick and ailing, + and informed him that my sister was most anxious to see me again, and that + she hoped his Majesty would not object to my paying her a short visit. For + a moment the King hesitated; then he asked me if I thought such a change + of urgent necessity. I replied that the news of Madame de Mortemart's + ill-health had greatly affected me, and I promised not to be away more + than a week. + </p> + <p> + The King accordingly instructed the Marquis de Louvois—[Minister of + War, and inspector-General of Posts and Relays.]—to make all due + arrangements for my journey, and two days afterwards, my sister De + Thianges, her daughter the Duchesse de Nevers, and myself, set out at + night for Poitiers. + </p> + <p> + The royal relays took us as far as Orleans, after which we had + post-horses, but specially chosen and well harnessed. Couriers in advance + of us had given all necessary orders to the officials and governors, so + that we were provided with an efficient military escort along the road, + and were as safe as if driving through Paris. + </p> + <p> + At Orleans, the mayor and sheriffs in full dress presented themselves at + our carriage window, and were about to deliver an address "to please the + King;" but I thought such a proceeding ill-timed, and my niece De Nevers + told these magnates that we were travelling incognito. + </p> + <p> + Crowds collected below our balcony. Madame de Thianges thought they were + going to serenade me, but I distinctly heard sounds of hissing. My niece + De Nevers was greatly upset; she would eat no supper, but began to cry. + "What are you worrying about?" quoth I to this excitable young person. + "Don't you see that we are stopping the night on the estates of the + Princess Palatine,—[The boorish Bavarian princess, the Duc + d'Orleans's second wife. EDITOR'S NOTE.]—and that it is to her + exquisite breeding that we owe compliments of this kind?" + </p> + <p> + Next morning at daybreak we drove on, and the day after we reached + Fontevrault. The Abbess, accompanied by her entire community, came to + welcome us at the main gate, and her surpliced chaplains offered me holy + water. + </p> + <p> + After rest and refreshment, we made a detailed survey of her little + empire, and everywhere observed traces of her good management and tact. + Rules had been made more lenient, while not relaxed; the revenues had + increased; everywhere embellishments, contentment, and well-being were + noticeable. + </p> + <p> + After praising the Abbess as she deserved, we talked a little about the + Talmont principality. My sister was inconsolable. The Tremouilles had come + into property which restored their shattered fortunes; the principality + was no longer for sale; all thought of securing it must be given up. + </p> + <p> + Strange to say, I at once felt consoled by such news. Rightly to explain + this feeling, I ought, perhaps, to make an avowal. A grand and brilliant + title had indeed ever been the object of my ambition; but I thought that I + deserved such a distinction personally, for my own sake, and I was always + wishing that my august friend would create a title specially in my favour. + I had often hinted at such a thing in various ways, and full as he is of + wit and penetration, he always listened to my covert suggestions, and was + perfectly aware of my desire. And yet, magnificently generous as any + mortal well could be, he never granted my wish. Any one else but myself + would have been tired, disheartened even; but at Court one must never be + discouraged nor give up the game. The atmosphere is rife with vicissitude + and change. Monotony would seem to have made there its home; yet no day is + quite like another. What one hopes for is too long in coming; and what one + never foresees on, a sudden comes to pass. + </p> + <p> + We took counsel together as to the best thing to be done. Madame de + Thianges said to me: "My dear Athenais, you have the elegance of the + Mortemarts, the fine perception and ready wit that distinguishes them, but + strangely enough you have not their energy, nor the firm will necessary + for the conduct of weighty matters. The King does not treat you like a + great friend, like a distinguished friend, like the mother of his son, the + Duc du Maine; he treats you like a province that he has conquered, on + which he levies tax after tax; that is all. Pray recollect, my sister, + that for ten years you have played a leading part on the grand stage. Your + beauty, to my surprise, has been preserved to you, notwithstanding your + numerous confinements and the fatigues of your position. Profit by the + present juncture, and do not let the chance slip. You must write to the + King, and on some pretext or other, ask for another week's leave. You must + tell him plainly that you have been marquise long enough, and that the + moment has come at last for you to have the 'imperiale', and sign your + name in proper style." + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [The distinctive mark of duchesses was the 'imperiale'; that is, a + rich and costly hammer-cloth of embroidered velvet, edged with gold, + which covered the roofs of ducal equipages.—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Her advice was considered sound, but the Abbess, taking into account the + King's susceptibility, decided that it would not do for me to write myself + about a matter so important as this. The Marquise de Thianges, in some way + or other, had got the knack of plain speaking, so that a letter of hers + would be more readily excused. Thus it was settled that she should write; + and write she did. I give her letter verbatim, as it will please my + readers; and they will agree with me that I could never have touched this + delicate subject so happily myself. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + SIRE:—Madame de Montespan had the honour of writing one or two + notes to you during our journey, and now she rests all day long in + this vast and pleasant abbey, where your Majesty's name is held in as + great veneration as elsewhere, being beloved as deeply as at + Versailles. Madame de Mortemart has caused one of the best portraits + of your Majesty, done by Mignard, to be brought hither from Paris, and + this magnificent personage in royal robes is placed beneath an + amaranth-coloured dais, richly embroidered with gold, at the extreme + end of a vast hall, which bears the name of our illustrious and + well-beloved monarch. Your privileges are great, in truth, Sire. Here + you are, installed in this pious and secluded retreat, where never + mortal may set foot. Before you, beside you daily, you may contemplate + the multitude of modest virgins who look at you and admire you, + becoming all of them attached to you without wishing it, perhaps + without knowing it, even. + </p> + <p> + Surely, Sire, your penetration is a most admirable thing. After your + first interview with her, you considered our dear Abbess to be a woman + of capacity and talent. You rightly appreciated her, for nothing can + be compared to the perfect order that prevails in her house. She is + active and industrious without sacrificing her position and her + dignity in the slightest. Like yourself, she can judge of things in + their entirety, and examine them in every little detail; like + yourself, she knows how to command obedience and affection, desiring + nothing but that which is just and reasonable. In a word, Sire, Madame + de Mortemart has the secret of convincing her subordinates that she is + acting solely in their interests, a supreme mission, in sooth, among + men; and my sister really has no other desire nor ambition,—to + this we can testify. + </p> + <p> + Upon our return, which for our liking can never be too soon, we will + acquaint your Majesty with the slight authorised mortification which + we had to put up with at Orleans. We are in possession of certain + information regarding this, and your Majesty will have ample means of + throwing a light upon the subject. As for the magistrates, they + behaved most wonderfully; they had an address all ready for us, but + Madame de Montespan would not listen to it, saying that "such honours + are meet only for you and for your children." Such modesty on my + sister's part is in keeping with her great intelligence; I had almost + said her genius. But in this matter I was not wholly of her opinion. + It seemed to me, Sire, that, in refusing the homage offered to her by + these worthy magnates, she, so to speak, disowned the rank ensured to + her by your favour. While the Marquise enjoys your noble affection, + she is no ordinary personage. She has her seat in your own Chapel + Royal, so in travelling she has a right to special honour. By your + choice of her, you have made her notable; in giving her your heart, + you have made her a part of yourself. By giving birth to your + children, she has acquired her rank at Court, in society, and in + history. Your Majesty intends her to be considered and respected; the + escorts of cavalry along the highroads are sufficient proof of that. + </p> + <p> + All France, Sire, is aware of your munificence and of your princely + generosity: Shall I tell you of the amazement of the provincials at + noticing that the ducal housings are absent from my sister's splendid + coach? Yes, I have taken upon myself to inform you of this surprise, + and knowing how greatly Athenais desires this omission to be repaired, + I went so far as to promise that your Majesty would cause this to be + done forthwith. It must be done, Sire; the Marquise loves you as much + as it is possible for you to be loved; of this, all that she has + sacrificed is a proof. But while dearly loving you, she fears to + appear importunate, and were it not for my respectful freedom of + speech, perhaps you would still be ignorant of that which she most + fervently desires. + </p> + <p> + What we all three of us ask is but a slight thing for your Majesty, + who, with a single word, can create a thousand nobles and princes. The + kings, your ancestors, used their glory in making their lovers + illustrious. The Valois built temples and palaces in their honour. + You, greater than all the Valois, should not let their example + suffice. And I am sure that you will do for the mother of the Duc du + Maine what the young prince himself would do for her if you should + happen to forget. + </p> + <p> + Your Majesty's most humble servant, "MARQUISE DE THIANGES." + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + To the Abbess and myself; this ending seemed rather too sarcastic, but + Madame de Thianges was most anxious to let it stand. There was no way of + softening or glossing it over; so the letter went off, just as she had + written it. + </p> + <p> + It so happened that the Bishop of Poitiers was in his diocese at the time. + He came to pay me a visit, and ask me if I could get an abbey for his + nephew, who, though extremely young, already acted as vicar-general for + him. "I would willingly get him a whole regiment," I replied, "provided M. + de Louvois be of those that are my friends. As for the benefices, they + depend, as you know, upon the Pere de la Chaise, and I don't think he + would be willing to grant me a favour." + </p> + <p> + "Permit me to assure you, madame, that in this respect you are in error," + replied the Bishop. "Pere de la Chaise respects you and honours you, and + only speaks of you in such terms. What distresses him is to see that you + have an aversion for him. Let me write to him, and say that my nephew has + had the honour of being presented to you, and that you hoped he might have + a wealthy abbey to enable him to bear the privations of his calling." + </p> + <p> + The young vicar-general was good-looking, and of graceful presence. He had + that distinction of manner which causes the priesthood to be held in + honour, and that amenity of address which makes the law to be obeyed. My + sisters began to take a fancy to him, and recommended him to me. I wrote + to Pere de la Chaise myself, and instead of a mere abbey, we asked for a + bishopric for him. + </p> + <p> + It was my intention to organise a brilliant fete for the Fontevrault + ladies, and invite all the nobility of the neighbourhood. We talked of + this to the young vicar, who highly approved of my plan, and albeit + monsieur his uncle thought such a scheme somewhat contrary to rule and to + what he termed the proprieties, we made use of his nephew, the young + priest, as a lever; and M. de Poitiers at last consented to everything. + </p> + <p> + The Fontevrault gardens are one of the most splendid sights in all the + country round. We chose the large alley as our chief entertainment-hall, + and the trees were all illuminated as in my park at Clagny, or at + Versailles. There was no dancing, on account of the nuns, but during our + repast there was music, and a concert and fireworks afterwards. The fete + ended with a performance of "Genevieve de Brabant," a grand spectacular + pantomime, played to perfection by certain gentry of the neighbourhood; it + made a great impression upon all the nuns and novices. + </p> + <p> + Before going down into the gardens, the Abbess wished to present me + formally to all the nuns, as well as to those persons it had pleased her + to invite. Imagine her astonishment! Three nuns were absent, and despite + our entreaties and the commands of their superiors, they persisted in + their rebellion and their refusal. They set up to keep rules before all + things, and observe the duties of their religion, lying thus to their + Abbess and their conscience. It was all mere spite. Of this there can be + no doubt, for one of these refractory creatures, as it transpired, was a + cousin of the Marquis de Lauzun, my so-called victim; while the other two + were near relatives of Mademoiselle de Mauldon, an intimate friend of M. + de Meaux. + </p> + <p> + In spite of these three silly absentees, we enjoyed ourselves greatly, and + had much innocent amusement; while they, who could watch us from their + windows, were probably mad with rage to think they were not of our number. + </p> + <p> + My sister complained of them to the Bishop of Poitiers, who severely + blamed them for such conduct; and seeing that he could not induce them to + offer me an apology, sent them away to three different convents. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Page-Dauphin.—A Billet from the King.—Madame de + Maintenon's Letter.—The King as Avenger.—His Sentence on the + Murderers. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The great liberty which we enjoyed at Fontevrault, compared with the + interminable bondage of Saint Germain or Versailles, made the abbey ever + seem more agreeable to me; and Madame de Thianges asked me in sober + earnest "if I no longer loved the King." + </p> + <p> + "Of course I do," was my answer; "but may one not love oneself just a + little bit, too? To me, health is life; and I assure you, at Fontevrault, + my dear sister, I sleep most soundly, and have quite got rid of all my + nervous attacks and headaches." + </p> + <p> + We were just talking thus when Madame de Mortemart entered my room, and + introduced young Chamilly, the Page-Dauphin,—[The chief + page-in-waiting bore the title of Page-Dauphin]—who brought with him + a letter from the King. He also had one for me from Madame de Maintenon, + rallying me upon my absence and giving me news of my children. The King's + letter was quite short, but a king's note such as that is worth a whole + pile of commonplace letters. I transcribe it here: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + I am jealous; an unusual thing for me. And I am much vexed, I confess, + with Madame de Mortemart, who might have chosen a very different + moment to be ill. I am ignorant as to the nature of her malady, but if + it be serious, and of those which soon grow more dangerous, she has + played me a very sorry trick in sending for you to act as her nurse or + her physician. Pray tell her, madame, that you are no good whatever as + a nurse, being extremely hasty and impatient in everything; while as + regards medical skill, you are still further from the mark, since you + have never yet been able to understand your own ailments, nor even + explain these with the least clearness. I must ask the Abbess + momentarily to suspend her sufferings and come to Versailles, where + all my physicians shall treat her with infinite skill; and, to oblige + me, will cure her, as they know how much I esteem and like her. + Farewell, my ladies three, who in your friendship are but as one. I + should like to be there to make a fourth. Madame de Maintenon, who + loves you sincerely, will give you news of your little family and of + Saint Germain. Her letter and mine will be brought to you and + delivered by the young Comte de Chamilly. Send him back to me at once, + and don't let him, see your novices or your nuns, else he will not + want to return to me. LOUIS. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon's letter was not couched in the same playfully mocking + tone; though a marquise, she felt the distance that there was between + herself and me; besides, she always knows exactly what is the proper thing + to do. The Abbess, who is an excellent judge, thought this letter + excellently written. She wanted to have a copy of it, which made me + determine to preserve it. Here it is, a somewhat more voluminous epistle + than that of the King: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + I promised you, madame, that I would inform you as often as possible + of all that interests you here, and now I keep my promise, being glad + to say that I have only pleasant news to communicate. His Majesty is + wonderfully well, and though annoyed at your journey, he has hardly + lost any of his gaiety, as seemingly he hopes to have you back again + in a day or two. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Nantes declares that she would have behaved very well + in the coach, and that she is a nearer relation to you than the + Duchesse de Nevers, and that it was very unfair not to take her with + you this time. In order to comfort her, the Duc du Maine has + discovered an expedient which greatly amuses us, and never fails of + its effect. He tells her how absolutely necessary it is for her proper + education that she should be placed in a convent, and then adds in a + serious tone that if she had been taken to Fontevrault she would never + have come back! + </p> + <p> + "Oh, if that is the case," she answered, "why, I am not jealous of the + Duchesse de Nevers." + </p> + <p> + The day after your departure the Court took up its quarters at Saint + Germain, where we shall probably remain for another week. You know, + madame, how fond his Majesty is of the Louis Treize Belvedere, and the + telescope erected by this monarch,—one of the best ever made + hitherto. As if by inspiration, the King turned this instrument to the + left towards that distant bend which the Seine makes round the verge + of the Chatou woods. His Majesty, who observes every thing, noticed + two bathers in the river, who apparently were trying to teach their + much younger companion, a lad of fourteen or fifteen, to swim; + doubtless, they had hurt him, for he got away from their grasp, and + escaped to the river-bank, to reach his clothes and dress himself. + They tried to coax him back into the water, but he did not relish such + treatment; by his gestures it was plain that he desired no further + lessons. Then the two bathers jumped out of the river, and as he was + putting on his shirt, dragged him back into the water, and forcibly + held him under till he was drowned. + </p> + <p> + When they had committed this crime, and their victim was murdered, + they cast uneasy glances at either river-bank, and the heights of + Saint Germain. Believing that no one had knowledge of their deed, they + put on their clothes, and with all a murderer's glee depicted on their + evil countenances, they walked along the bank in the direction of the + castle. The King instantly rode off in pursuit, accompanied by five or + six musketeers; he got ahead of them, and soon turned back and met + them. + </p> + <p> + "Messieurs," said he to them, "when you went away you were three in + number; what have you done with your comrade?" This question, asked in + a firm voice, disconcerted them somewhat at first, but they soon + replied that their companion wanted to have a swim in the river, and + that they had left him higher up the stream near the corner of the + forest, close to where his clothes and linen made a white spot on the + bank. + </p> + <p> + On hearing this answer the King gave orders for them to be bound and + brought back by the soldiery to the old chateau, where they were shut + up in separate rooms. His Majesty, filled with indignation, sent for + the High Provost, and recounting to him what took place before his + eyes, requested him to try the culprits there and then. The Marquis, + however, is always scrupulous to excess; he begged the King to reflect + that at such a great distance, and viewed through a telescope, things + might have seemed somewhat different from what they actually were, and + that, instead of forcibly holding their companion under the water, + perhaps the two bathers were endeavouring to bring him to the surface. + </p> + <p> + "No, monsieur, no," replied his Majesty; "they dragged him into the + river against his will, and I saw their struggles and his when they + thrust him under the water." + </p> + <p> + "But, Sire," replied this punctilious personage, "our criminal law + requires the testimony of two witnesses, and your Majesty, + all-powerful though you be, can only furnish that of one." + </p> + <p> + "Monsieur," replied the King gently, "I authorise you in passing + sentence to state that you heard the joint testimony of the King of + France and the King of Navarre." + </p> + <p> + Seeing that this failed to convince the judge, his Majesty grew + impatient and said to the old Marquis, "King Louis IX., my ancestor, + sometimes administered justice himself in the wood at Vincennes; I + will to-day follow his august example and administer justice at Saint + Germain." + </p> + <p> + The throne-room was at once got ready by his order. Twenty notable + burgesses of the town were summoned to the castle, and the lords and + ladies sat with these upon the benches. The King, wearing his orders, + took his seat when the two prisoners were placed in the dock. + </p> + <p> + By their contradictory statements, ever-increasing embarrassment, and + unveracious assertions, the jury were soon convinced of their guilt. + The unhappy youth was their brother, and had inherited property from + their mother, he being her child by a second husband. So these + monsters murdered him for revenge and greed. The King sentenced them + to be bound hand and foot, and flung into the river in the selfsame + place "where they killed their young brother Abel." + </p> + <p> + When they saw his Majesty leaving his throne, they threw themselves at + his feet, implored his pardon, and confessed their hideous crime. The + King, pausing a moment, thanked God that their conscience had forced + such confession from them, and then remitted the sentence of + confiscation only. They were executed before the setting of that sun + which had witnessed their crime, and the next day, that is, yesterday + evening, the three bodies, united once more by fate, were found + floating about two leagues from Saint Germain, under the willows at + the edge of the river near Poisay. + </p> + <p> + Orders were instantly given for their separate interment. The youngest + was brought back to Saint Germain, where the King wished him to have a + funeral befitting his innocence and untimely fate. All the military + attended it. + </p> + <p> + Forgive me, madams, for all these lengthy details; we have all been so + much upset by this dreadful occurrence, and can talk of nothing else,—in + fact, it will furnish matter for talk for a long while yet. + </p> + <p> + I sincerely hope that by this time Madame de Mortsmart has completely + recovered. I agree with his Majesty that, in doctoring, you have not + had much experience; still, friendship acts betimes as a most potent + talisman, and the heart of the Abbess is of those that in absence + pines, but which in the presence of some loved one revives. + </p> + <p> + She has deigned to grant me a little place in her esteem; pray tell + her that this first favour has somewhat spoiled me, and that now I ask + for more than this, for a place in her affections. Madame de Thianges + and Madame de Nevers are aware of my respect and attachment for them, + and they approve of this, for they have engraved their names and + crests on my plantain-trees at Maintenon. Such inscriptions are a bond + to bind us, and if no mischance befall, these trees, as I hope, will + survive me. + </p> + <p> + I am, madame, etc., MAINTENON. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="maintenon" id="maintenon"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="maintenon.jpg (126K)" src="images/maintenon.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER LXI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle d'Amurande.—The Married Nun.—The Letter to the + Superior.—Monseigneur's Discourse.—The Abduction.—A + Letter from the King.—Beware of the Governess.—We Leave + Fontevrault. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Amoung the novices at Fontevrault there was a most interesting, charming + young person, who gave Madame de Mortemart a good deal of anxiety, as she + thought her still undecided as to the holy profession she was about to + adopt. This interested me greatly, and evoked my deepest sympathy. + </p> + <p> + The night of our concert and garden fete she sang to please the Abbess, + but there were tears in her voice. I was touched beyond expression, and + going up to her at the bend of one of the quickset-hedges, I said, "You + are unhappy, mademoiselle; I feel a deep interest for you. I will ask + Madame de Mortemart to let you come and read to me; then we can talk as we + like. I should like to help you if I can." + </p> + <p> + She moved away at once, fearing to be observed, and the following day I + met her in my sister's room. + </p> + <p> + "Your singing and articulation are wonderful, mademoiselle," said I, + before the Abbess; "would you be willing to come and read to me for an + hour every day? I have left my secretary at Versailles, and I am beginning + to miss her much." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Mortemart thanked me for my kindly intentions towards the young + novice, who, from that time forward, was placed at my disposal. + </p> + <p> + The reading had no other object than to gain her confidence, and as soon + as we were alone I bade her tell me all. After brief hesitation, the poor + child thus began: + </p> + <p> + "In a week's time, a most awful ceremony takes place in this monastery. + The term of my novitiate has already expired, and had it not been for the + distractions caused by your visit, I should have already been obliged to + take this awful oath and make my vows. + </p> + <p> + "Madame de Mortemart is gentle and kind (no wonder! she is your sister), + but she has decided that I am to be one of her nuns, and nothing on earth + can induce her to change her mind. If this fatal decree be executed, I + shall never live to see this year of desolation reach its close. Perhaps I + may fall dead at the feet of the Bishop who ordains us. + </p> + <p> + "They would have me give to God—who does not need it—my whole + life as a sacrifice. But, madame, I cannot give my God this life of mine, + as four years ago I surrendered it wholly to some one else. Yes, madame," + said she, bursting into tears, "I am the lawful wife of the Vicomte + d'Olbruze, my cousin german. + </p> + <p> + "Of this union, planned and approved by my dear mother herself, a child + was born, which my ruthless father refuses to recognise, and which kindly + peasants are bringing up in the depths of the woods. + </p> + <p> + "My dear, good mother was devotedly fond of my lover, who was her nephew. + From our very cradles she had always destined us for each other. And she + persisted in making this match, despite her husband, whose fortune she had + immensely increased, and one day during his absence we were legally united + by our family priest in the castle chapel. My father, who, was away at + sea, came back soon afterwards: He was enraged at my mother's + disobedience, and in his fury attempted to stab her with his own hand. He + made several efforts to put an end to her existence, and the general + opinion in my home is that he was really the author of her death. + </p> + <p> + "Devotedly attached to my husband by ties of love no less than of duty, I + fled with him to his uncle's, an old knight-commander of Malta, whose sole + heir he was. My father, with others, pursued us thither, and scaled the + walls of our retreat by night, resolved to kill his nephew first and me + afterwards. Roused by the noise of the ruffians, my husband seized his + firearms. Three of his assailants he shot from the balcony, and my father, + disguised as a common man, received a volley in the face, which destroyed + his eyesight. The Parliament of Rennes took up the matter. My husband + thought it best not to put in an appearance, and after the evidence of + sundry witnesses called at random, a warrant for his arrest as a defaulter + was issued, a death penalty being attached thereto. + </p> + <p> + "Ever since that time my husband has been wandering about in disguise from + province to province. Doomed to solitude in our once lovely chateau, my + father forced me to take the veil in this convent, promising that if I did + so, he would not bring my husband to justice. + </p> + <p> + "Perhaps, madame, if the King were truly and faithfully informed of all + these things, he would have compassion for my grief, and right the + injustice meted out to my unlucky husband." + </p> + <p> + After hearing this sad story, I clearly saw that, in some way or other, we + should have to induce Madame de Mortemart to postpone the ceremony of + taking the vow, and I afterwards determined to put these vagaries on the + part of the law before my good friend President de Nesmond, who was the + very man to give us good advice, and suggest the right remedy. + </p> + <p> + As for the King, I did not deem it fit that he should be consulted in the + matter. Of course I look upon him as a just and wise prince, but he is the + slave of form. In great families, he does not like to hear of marriages to + which the father has not given formal consent; moreover, I did not forget + about the gun-shot which blinded the gentleman, and made him useless for + the rest of his life. The King, who is devoted to his nobles, would never + have pronounced in favour of the Vicomte, unless he happened to be in a + particularly good humour. Altogether, it was a risky thing. + </p> + <p> + I deeply sympathised with Mademoiselle d'Amurande in her trouble, and + assured her of my good-will and protection, but I begged her to approve my + course of action, though taken independently of the King. She willingly + left her fate in my hands, and I bade her write my sister the following + note: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + MADAME:—You know the vows that bind me; they are sacred, having + been plighted at the foot of the altar. Do not persist, I entreat you, + do not persist in claiming the solemn declaration of my vows. You are + here to command the Virgins of the Lord, but among these I have no + right to a place. I am a mother, although so young, and the Holy + Scriptures tell me every day that Hagar, the kindly hearted, may not + forsaken her darling Ishmael. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + I happened to be with Madame de Mortemart when one of the aged sisters + brought her this letter. On reading it she was much affected. I feigned + ignorance, and asked her kindly what was the reason of her trouble. She + wished to hide it; but I insisted, and at last persuaded her to let me see + the note. I read it calmly and with reflection, and afterwards said to the + Abbess: + </p> + <p> + "What! You, sister, whose distress and horror I witnessed when our stern + parents shut you up in a cloister,—are you now going to impose like + fetters upon a young and interesting person, who dreads them, and rejects + them as once you rejected them?" + </p> + <p> + Madame de Mortemart replied, "I was young then, and without experience, + when I showed such childish repugnance as that of which you speak. At that + age one knows nothing of religion nor of the eternal verities. Only the + world, with its frivolous pleasures, is then before one's eyes; and the + spectacle blinds our view, even our view of heaven. Later on I deplored + such resistance, which so grieved my family; and when I saw you at Court, + brilliant and adored, I assure you, my dear Marquise, that this convent + and its solitude seemed to me a thousand times more desirable than the + habitation of kings." + </p> + <p> + "You speak thus philosophically," I replied, "only because your lot + happens to have undergone such a change. From a slave, you have become an + absolute and sovereign mistress. The book of rules is in your hands; you + turn over its leaves wherever you like; you open it at whatever page suits + you; and if the book should chance to give you a severe rebuke, you never + let others know this. Human nature was ever thus. No, no, madame; you can + never make one believe that a religious life is in itself such an + attractive one that you would gladly resume it if the dignities of your + position as an abbess were suddenly wrested from you and given to some one + else." + </p> + <p> + "Well, well, if that is so," said the Abbess, reddening, "I am quite ready + to send in my resignation, and so return you your liberality." + </p> + <p> + "I don't ask you for an abbey which you got from the King," I rejoined, + smiling; "but the favour, which I ask and solicit you can and ought to + grant. Mademoiselle d'Amurande points out to you in formal and significant + terms that she cannot enrol herself among the Virgins of the Lord, and + that the gentle Hagar of Holy Writ may not forsake Ishmael. Such a + confession plainly hints at an attachment which religion cannot violate + nor destroy, else our religion would be a barbarous one, and contrary to + nature. + </p> + <p> + "Since God has brought me to this convent, and by chance I have got to + know and appreciate this youthful victim, I shall give her my compassion + and help,—I, who have no necessity to make conversions by force in + order to add to the number of my community. If I have committed any grave + offence in the eyes of God, I trust that He will pardon me in + consideration of the good work that I desire to do. I shall write to the + King, and Mademoiselle d'Amurande shall not make her vows until his + Majesty commands her to do so." + </p> + <p> + This last speech checkmated my sister. She at once became gentle, + sycophantic, almost caressing in manner, and assured me that the ceremony + of taking the vow would be indefinitely postponed, although the Bishop of + Lugon had already prepared his homily, and invitations had been issued to + the nobility. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Mortemart is the very embodiment of subtlety and cunning. I saw + that she only wanted to gain time in order to carry out her scheme. I did + not let myself be hoodwinked by her promises, but went straight to work, + being determined to have my own way. + </p> + <p> + Hearing from Mademoiselle d'Amurande that her friend and ally, the old + commander, was still living, I was glad to know that she had in him such a + stanch supporter. "It is the worthy commander," said I, "who must be as a + father to you, until I have got the sentence of the first Parliament + cancelled." Then we arranged that I should get her away with me from the + convent, as there seemed to be little or no difficulty about this. + </p> + <p> + Accordingly, three days afterwards I dressed her in a most elegant costume + of my niece's. We went out in the morning for a drive, and the nuns at the + gateway bowed low, as usual, when my carriage passed, never dreaming of + such a thing as abduction. + </p> + <p> + That evening the whole convent seemed in a state of uproar. Madame de + Mortemart, with flaming visage, sought to stammer out her reproaches. But + as there was no law to prevent my action, she had to hide her vexation, + and behave as if nothing had happened. + </p> + <p> + The following year I wrote and told her that the judgment of the Rennes + Parliament had been cancelled by the Grand Council, as it was based on + conflicting evidence. The blind Comte d'Amurande had died of rage, and the + young couple, who came into all his property, were eternally grateful to + me, and forever showered blessings upon my head. + </p> + <p> + The Abbess wrote back to say that she shared my satisfaction at so happy a + conclusion, and that Madame d'Olbruse's disappearance from Fontevrault had + scarcely been noticed. + </p> + <p> + The Marquise de Thianges, whose ideas regarding such matters were + precisely the same as my own, confined herself to stating that I had not + told her a word about it. She spoke the truth; for the enterprise was not + of such difficulty that I needed any one to help me. + </p> + <p> + On the twelfth day, as we were about to leave Fontevrault, I received + another letter from the King, which was as follows: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + As the pain in your knee continues, and the Bourbonne waters have been + recommended to you, I beg you, madame, to profit by being in their + vicinity, and to go and try their effect. Mademoiselle de Nantes is in + fairly good health, yet it looks as if a return of her fluxion were + likely. Five or six pimples have appeared on her face, and there is + the same redness of the arms as last year. I shall send her to + Bourbonne; your maids and the governess will accompany her. The Prince + de Conde, who is in office there, will show you every attention. I + would rather see you a little later on in good health, than a little + sooner, and ailing. + </p> + <p> + My kindest messages to Madame de Thianges, the Abbess, and all those + who show you regard and sympathy. Madame de Nevers might invite you to + stay with her; on her return I will not forget such obligation. + </p> + <p> + LOUIS. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + We left Fontevrault after a stay of fifteen days; to the nuns and novices + it seemed more like fifteen minutes, but to Madame de Mortemart, fifteen + long years. Yet that did not prevent her from tenderly embracing me, nor + from having tears in her eyes when the time came for us to take coach and + depart. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 5. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER I. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Prince de Mont-Beliard.—He Agrees to the Propositions Made Him.—The + King's Note.—Diplomacy of the Chancellor of England.—Letter + from the Marquis de Montespan.—The Duchy in the Air.—The + Domain of Navarre, Belonging to the Prince de Bouillon, Promised to the + Marquise. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + There was but a small company this year at the Waters of Bourbonne,—to + begin with, at any rate; for afterwards there appeared to be many + arrivals, to see me, probably, and Mademoiselle de Nantes. + </p> + <p> + The Chancellor Hyde was already installed there, and his establishment was + one of the most agreeable and convenient; he was kind enough to exchange + it for mine. A few days afterwards he informed me of the arrival of the + Prince de Mont-Beliard, of Wurtemberg, who was anxious to pay his respects + to me, as though to the King's daughter. In effect, this royal prince came + and paid me a visit; I thought him greatly changed for such a short lapse + of years. + </p> + <p> + We had seen each other—as, I believe, I have already told—at + the time of the King's first journey in Flanders. He recalled all the + circumstances to me, and was amiable enough to tell me that, instead of + waning, my beauty had increased. + </p> + <p> + "It is you, Prince, who embellish everything," I answered him. "I begin to + grow like a dilapidated house; I am only here to repair myself." + </p> + <p> + Less than a year before, M. de Mont-Billiard had lost that amiable + princess, his wife; he had a lively sense of this loss, and never spoke of + it without tears in his eyes. + </p> + <p> + "You know, madame," he told me, "my states are, at present, not entirely + administered, but occupied throughout by the officers of the King of + France. Those persons who have my interests at heart, as well as those who + delight at my fears, seem persuaded that this provisional occupation will + shortly become permanent. I dare not question you on this subject, knowing + how much discretion is required of you; but I confess that I should pass + quieter and more tranquil nights if you could reassure me up to a certain + point." + </p> + <p> + "Prince," I replied to him, "the King is never harsh except with those of + whom he has had reason to complain. M. le Duc de Neubourg, and certain + other of the Rhine princes, have been thick-witted enough to be disloyal + to him; he has punished them for it, as Caesar did, and as all great + princes after him will do. But you have never shown him either coldness, + or aversion, or indifference. He has commanded the Marechal de Luxembourg + to enter your territory to prevent the Prince of Orange from reaching + there before us, and your authority has been put, not under the + domination, but under the protection, of the King of France, who is + desirous of being able to pass from there into the Brisgau." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Thianges, Madame de Nevers, and myself did all that lay in our + power to distract or relieve the sorrows of the Prince; but the loss of + Mademoiselle de Chatillon, his charming spouse, was much more present with + him than that of his states; the bitterness which he drew from it was out + of the retch of all consolation possible. The Marquise de Thianges + procured the Chancellor of England to approach the Prince, and find out + from him, to a certain extent, whether he would consent to exchange the + County of Mont-Beliard for some magnificent estates in France, to which + some millions in money would be added. + </p> + <p> + M. de Wurtemberg asked for a few days in which to reflect, and imagining + that these suggestions emanated from Versailles, he replied that he could + refuse nothing to the greatest of kings. My sister wrote on the day + following to the Marquis de Louvois, instead of asking it of the King in + person. M. de Luvois, who, probably, wished to despoil M. de Mont-Beliard + without undoing his purse-strings, put this overture before the King + maliciously, and the King wrote me immediately the following letter: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + Leave M. de Mont-Beliard alone, and do not speak to him again of his + estates. If the matter which occupies Madame de Thianges could be + arranged, it would be of the utmost propriety that a principality of + such importance rested in the Crown, at least as far as sovereignty. + The case of the Principality of Orange is a good enough lesson to me; + there must be one ruler only in an empire. As for you, my dear lady, + feel no regret for all that. You shall be a duchess, and I am pleased + to give you this title which you desire. Let M. de Montespan be + informed that his marquisate is to be elevated into a duchy with a + peerage, and that I will add to it the number of seigniories that is + proper, as I do not wish to deviate from the usage which has become a + law, etc. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The prince's decision was definite, and as his character was, there was no + wavering. I wrote to him immediately to express my lively gratitude, and + we considered, the Marquise and I, as to the intermediary to whom we could + entrust the unsavoury commission of approaching the Marquis de Montespan. + He hated all my family from his having obtained no satisfaction from it + for his wrath. We begged the Chancellor Hyde, a personage of importance, + to be good enough to accept this mission; he saw no reason to refuse it, + and, after ten or eleven days, he received the following reply, with which + he was moderately amused: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + CHATEAU SAINT ELIX . . . . AT THE WORLD'S END. + </p> + <p> + I am sensible, my Lord, as I should be, of the honour which you have + wished to do me, whilst, notwithstanding, permit me to consider it + strange that a man of your importance has cared to meddle in such a + negotiation. His Majesty the King of France did not consult me when he + wished to make my wife his mistress; it is somewhat remarkable that so + great a prince expects my intervention today to recompense conduct + that I have disapproved, that I disapprove, and shall disapprove to my + last breath. His Majesty has got eight or ten children from my wife + without saying a word to me about it; this monarch can surely, + therefore, make her a present of a duchy without summoning me to his + assistance. According to all laws, human and divine, the King ought to + punish Madame de Montespan, and, instead of censuring her, he wishes + to make her a duchess! . . . Let him make her a princess, even a + highness, if he likes; he has all the power in his hands. I am only a + twig; he is an oak. + </p> + <p> + If madame is fostering ambition, mine has been satisfied for forty + years; I was born a marquis; a marquis—apart from some + unforeseen catastrophe—I will die; and Madame la Marquise, as + long as she does not alter her conduct, has no need to alter her + degree. + </p> + <p> + I will, however, waive my severity, if M. le Duc du Maine will + intervene for his mother, and call me his father, however it may be. I + am none the less sensible, my lord, of the honour of your + acquaintance, and since you form one of the society of Madame la + Marquise, endeavour to release yourself from her charms, for she can + be an enchantress when she likes.... It is true that, from what they + tell me, you were not quite king in your England. + </p> + <p> + I am, from out my exile (almost as voluntary as yours), the most + obliged and grateful of your servants, + </p> + <p> + DE GONDRIN MONTESPAN. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The Marquise de Thianges felt a certain irritation at the reading of this + letter; she offered all our excuses for it to the English Chancellor, and + said to me: "I begin to fear that the King of Versailles is not acting + with good faith towards you, when he makes your advancement depend on the + Marquis de Montespan; it is as though he were giving you a duchy in the + moon." + </p> + <p> + I sent word to the King that the Marquis refused to assist his generous + projects; he answered me: + </p> + <p> + "Very well, we must look somewhere else." + </p> + <p> + Happily, this domestic humiliation did not transpire at Bourbonne; for M. + de la Bruyere had arrived there with Monsieur le Prince, and that model + satirist would unfailingly have made merry over it at my expense. + </p> + <p> + The best society lavished its attentions on me; Coulanges, whose + flatteries are so amusing, never left us for a moment. + </p> + <p> + The Prince, after the States were over, had come to relax himself at + Bourbonne, which was his property. After having done all in his power + formerly to dethrone his master, he is his enthusiastic servitor now that + he sees him so strong. He was fascinated with Mademoiselle de Nantes, and + asked my permission to seek her hand for the Duc de Bourbon, his grandson; + my reply was, that the alliance was desirable on both sides, but that + these arrangements were settled only by the King. + </p> + <p> + In spite of the insolent diatribe of M. de Montespan, the waters proved + good and favourable; my blood, little by little, grew calm; my pains, + passing from one knee to the other, insensibly faded away in both; and, + after having given a brilliant fete to the Prince de Mont-Beliard, the + English Chancellor, and our most distinguished bathers, I went back to + Versailles, where the work seemed to me to have singularly advanced. + </p> + <p> + The King went in advance of us to Corbeil; Madame de Maintenon, her pretty + nieces, and my children were in the carriage. The King received me with + his ordinary kindness, and yet said no word to me of the harshness which I + had suffered from my husband. Two or three months afterwards he + recollected his royal word, and gave me to understand that the Prince de + Bourbon was shortly going to give up Navarre, in Normandy, and that this + vast and magnificent estate would be raised to a duchy for me. + </p> + <p> + It has not been yet, at the moment that I write. Perhaps it is written + above that I shall never be a duchess. In such a case, the King would not + deserve the inward reproaches that my sensibility addresses him, since his + good-will would be fettered by destiny. + </p> + <p> + It is my kindness which makes me speak so. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER II. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Venetian Drummer.—The Little Olivier.—Adriani's Love.—His + Ingratitude.—His Punishment.—His Vengeance.—Complaint on + This Account. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + At the great slaughter of Candia, M. de Vivonne had the pleasure of saving + a young Venetian drummer whom he noticed all covered with blood, and + senseless, amongst the dead and dying, with whom the field was covered far + and wide. He had his wounds dressed and cared for by the surgeons of the + French navy, with the intention of giving him me, either as a valet de + chambre or a page, so handsome and agreeable this young Italian was. + Adriani was his name. He presented him to me after the return of the + expedition to France, and I was sensible of this amiable attention of my + brother, for truly the peer of this young drummer did not exist. + </p> + <p> + Adrien was admirable to see in my livery, and when my carriage went out, + he attracted alone all the public attention. His figure was still not all + that it might be; it developed suddenly, and then one was not wrong in + comparing him with a perfect model for the Academy. He took small time in + losing the manners which he had brought with him from his original + calling. I discovered the best 'ton' in him; he would have been far better + seated in the interior than outside my equipage. Unfortunately, this young + impertinent gave himself airs of finding my person agreeable, and of + cherishing a passion for me; my first valet de chambre told me of it at + once. I gave him to the King, who had sometimes noticed him in passing. + </p> + <p> + Adrien was inconsolable at first at this change, for which he was not + prepared, but his vanity soon came uppermost; he understood that it was an + advancement, and took himself for a great personage, since he had the + honour of approaching and serving the King. + </p> + <p> + The little Olivier—the first assistant in the shop of Madame + Camille, my dressmaker—saw Adrien, inspired him with love, and + herself with much, and they had to be married. I was good-natured enough + to be interested in this union, and as I had never any fault to find with + the intelligent services and attentions of the little modiste, I gave her + two hundred louis, that she might establish herself well and without any + waiting. + </p> + <p> + She had a daughter whom she was anxious to call Athenais. I thought this + request excessive; I granted my name of Francoise only. + </p> + <p> + The young couple would have succeeded amply with their business, since my + confidence and favour were sufficient to give them vogue; but I was not + slow in learning that cruel discord had already penetrated to their + household, and that Adrien, in spite of his adopted country, had remained + at heart Italian. Jealous without motive, and almost without love, he + tormented with his suspicions, his reproaches, and his harshness, an + attentive and industrious young wife, who loved him with intense love, and + was unable to succeed in persuading him of it. From her condition, a + modiste cannot dispense with being amiable, gracious, engaging. The little + Olivier, as pretty as one can be, easily secured the homage of the + cavaliers. For all thanks she smiled at the gentlemen, as a well brought + up woman should do. Adrien disapproved these manners,—too French, in + his opinion. One day he dared to say to his wife, and that before + witnesses: "Because you have belonged to Madame de Montespan, do you think + you have the same rights that she has?" And with that he administered a + blow to her. + </p> + <p> + This indecency was reported to me. I did not take long in discovering what + it was right to do with Adrien. I had him sent to Clagny, where I happened + to be at the time. + </p> + <p> + "Monsieur the Venetian drummer," I said to him, with the hauteur which it + was necessary to oppose to his audacity, "Monsieur le Marechal de Vivonne, + who is always too good, saved your life without knowing you. I gave you to + the King, imagining that I knew you. Now I am undeceived, and I know, + without the least possibility of doubt, that beneath the appearance of a + good heart you hide the ungrateful and insolent rogue. The King needs + persons more discreet, less violent, and more polite. Madame de Montespan + gave you up to the King; Madame de Montespan has taken you back this + morning to her service. You depend for the future on nobody but Madame de + Montespan, and it is her alone that you are bound to obey. Your service in + her house has commenced this morning; it will finish this evening, and, + before midnight, you will leave her for good and all. I have known on all + occasions how to pardon slight offences; there are some that a person of + my rank could not excuse; yours is of that number. Go; make no answer! + Obey, ingrate! Disappear, I command you!" + </p> + <p> + At these words he tried to throw himself at my feet. "Go, wretched + fellow!" I cried to him; and, at my voice, my lackeys ran up and drove him + from the room and from the chateau. + </p> + <p> + Almost always these bad-natured folks have cowardly souls. Adrien, his + head in a whirl, presented himself to my Suisse at Versailles, who, + finding his look somewhat sinister, refused to receive him. He retired to + my hotel in Paris, where the Suisse, being less of a physiognomist, + delivered him the key of his old room, and was willing to allow him to + pass the night there. + </p> + <p> + Adrien, thinking of naught but how to harm me and give me a memorable + proof of his vengeance, ran and set fire to my two storehouses, and, to + put a crown on his rancour, went and hanged himself in an attic. + </p> + <p> + About two o'clock in the morning, a sick-nurse, having perceived the + flames, gave loud cries and succeeded in making herself heard. Public help + arrived; the fire was mastered. My Suisse sought everywhere for the + Italian, whom he thought to be in danger; he stumbled against his corpse. + What a scene! What an affliction! The commissary having had his room + opened, on a small bureau a letter was found which he had been at the + pains of writing, and in which he accused me of his despair and death. + </p> + <p> + The people of Paris have been at all times extravagance and credulity + itself. They looked upon this young villain as a martyr, and at once + dedicated an elegy to him, in which I was compared with Medea, Circe, and + Fredegonde. + </p> + <p> + It is precisely on account of this elegy that I have cared to set down + this cruel anecdote. My readers, to whom I have just narrated the facts + with entire frankness, can see well that, instead of having merited + reproaches, I should only have received praise for my restraint and + moderation. + </p> + <p> + It is, assuredly, most painful to have to suffer the abuse of those for + whom we have never done aught; but the outrages of those whom we have + succoured, maintained, and favoured are insupportable injuries. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER III. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Equipage at Full Speed.—The Poor Vine-grower.—Sensibility + of Madame de Maintenon.—Her Popularity.—One Has the Right to + Crush a Man Who Will Not Get Out of the Way.—What One Sees.—What + They Tell You.—All Ends at the Opera.—One Can Be Moved to + Tears and Yet Like Chocolate. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Another event with a tragical issue, and one to which I contributed even + less, served to feed and foster that hatred, mixed with envy, which the + rabble populace guards always so persistently towards the favourites of + kings or fortune. + </p> + <p> + Naturally quick and impatient, I cannot endure to move with calm and state + along the roads. My postilions, my coachmen know it, driving in such + fashion that no equipage is ever met which cleaves the air like mine. + </p> + <p> + I was descending one day the declivity of the Coeur-Volant, between Saint + Germain and Marly. The Marquises de Maintenon and d'Hudicourt were in my + carriage with M. le Duc du Maine, so far as I can remember. We were going + at the pace which I have just told, and my outriders, who rode in advance, + were clearing the way, as is customary. A vine-grower, laden with sticks, + chose this moment to cross the road, thinking himself, no doubt, agile + enough to escape my six horses. The cries of my people were useless. The + imprudent fellow took his own course, and my postilions, in spite of their + efforts with the reins, could not prevent themselves from passing over his + body; the wheels followed the horses; the poor man was cut in pieces. + </p> + <p> + At the lamentations of the country folk and the horrified passers-by, we + stopped. Madame de Maintenon wished to alight, and when she perceived the + unfortunate vine-grower disfigured with his wounds, she clasped her hands + and fell to weeping. The Marquise d'Hudicourt, who was always simplicity + itself, followed her friend's example; there was nothing but groans and + sorrowful exclamations. My coachman blamed the postilions, the postilions + the man's obstinacy. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, speaking as though she were the mistress, bade them + be silent, and dared to say to them before all the crowd: "If you belonged + to me, I would soon settle you." At these words all the spectators + applauded, and cried: "Vive Madame de Maintenon!" + </p> + <p> + Irritated at what I had just heard, I put my head out of the door, and, + turning to these sentimental women, I said to them: "Be good enough to get + in, mesdames; are you determined to have me stoned?" + </p> + <p> + They mounted again, after having left my purse with the poor relations of + the dead man; and as far as Ruel, which was our destination, I was + compelled to listen to their complaints and litanies. + </p> + <p> + "Admit, madame," I declared to Madame de Maintenon, "that any person + except myself could and would detest you for the harm you have done me. + Your part was to blame the postilions lightly and the rustic very + positively. My equipage did not come unexpectedly, and my two outriders + had signalled from their horses." + </p> + <p> + "Madame," she replied, "you have not seen, as I did, those eyes of the + unhappy man forced violently from their sockets, his poor crushed head, + his palpitating heart, from which the blood soaked the pavement; such a + sight has moved and broken my own heart. I was, as I am still, quite + beside myself, and, in such a situation, it is permissible to forget + discretion in one's speech and the proprieties. I had no intention of + giving you pain; I am distressed at having done so. But as for your + coachmen I loathe them, and, since you undertake their defence, I shall + not for the future show myself in your equipage." + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [In one of her letters, Madame de Maintenon speaks of this accident, + but she does not give quite the same account of it. It is natural that + Madame de Montespan seeks to excuse her people and herself if she can.—EDITOR'S + NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + At Ruel, she dared take the same tone before the Duchesse de Richelieu, + who rebuked her for officiousness, and out of spite, or some other reason, + Madame de Maintenon refused to dine. She had two or three swooning fits; + her tears started afresh four or five times, and the Marquise d'Hudicourt, + who dined only by snatches, went into a corner to sob and weep along with + her. + </p> + <p> + "Admit, madame," I said then to Madame de Maintenon, "your excessive grief + for an unknown man is singular. He was, perhaps, actually a dishonest + fellow. The accident which you come back to incessantly, and which + distresses me also, is doubtless deplorable; but, after all, it is not a + murder, an ambush, a premeditated assassination. I imagine that if such a + catastrophe had happened elsewhere, and been reported to us in a gazette + or a book, you would have read of it with interest and commiseration; but + we should not have seen you clasp your hands over your head, turn red and + pale, utter loud cries, shed tears, sob, and scold a coachman, postilions, + perhaps even me. The event, would, nevertheless, be actually the same. + Admit, then, madame, and you, too, Madame d'Hudicourt, that there is an + exaggeration in your sorrow, and that you would have made, both of you, + two excellent comedians." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, piqued at these last words, sought to make us + understand, and even make us admit, that there is a great difference + between an event narrated to you by a third party, and an event which one + has seen. Madame de Richelieu shut her mouth pleasantly with these words: + "We know, Madame la Marquise, how much eloquence and wit is yours. We + approve all your arguments, past and to be. Let us speak no further of an + accident which distresses you; and since you require to be diverted, let + us go to the Opera, which is only two leagues off." + </p> + <p> + She consented to accompany us, for fear of proving herself entirely + ridiculous; but to delay us as much as possible, she required a cup of + chocolate, her favourite dish, her appetite having returned as soon as she + had exhausted the possibilities of her grief. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="pb034" id="pb034"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="pb034.jpg (85K)" src="images/pb034.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER IV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Charles II., King of England.—How Interest Can Give Memory.—His + Grievances against France.—The Two Daughters of the Duke of York.—William + of Orange Marries One, in Spite of the Opposition of the King.—Great + Joy of the Allies.—How the King of England Understands Peace.—Saying + of the King.—Preparations for War. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King, Charles Stuart, who reigned in England since the death of the + usurper, Cromwell, was a grandson of Henri IV., just as much as our King. + Charles II. displayed the pronounced penchant of Henri IV. for the ladies + and for pleasure; but he had neither his energy, nor his genial temper, + nor his amiable frankness. After the death of Henrietta of England, his + beloved sister, he remained for some time longer our ally, but only to + take great advantage from our union and alliance. He had made use of it + against the Dutch, his naval and commercial rivals, and had compelled + them, by the aid of the King of France (then his friend), to reimburse him + a sum of twenty-six millions, and to pay him, further, an annual tribute + of twelve or fifteen thousand livres for the right of fishing round his + island domains. + </p> + <p> + All these things being obtained, he seemed to recollect that Cardinal de + Richelieu had not protected his father, Stuart; that the Cardinal Mazarin + had declared for Cromwell in his triumph; that the Court of France had + indecently gone into mourning for that robber; that there had been granted + neither guards, nor palace, nor homages of state to the Queen, his mother, + although daughter and sister of two French kings; that this Queen, in a + modest retirement—sometimes in a cell in the convent of Chaillot, + sometimes in her little pavilion at Colombesl—had died, poisoned by + her physician, without the orator, Bossuet, having even frowned at it in + the funeral oration; that the unfortunate Henrietta daughter of this Queen + and first wife of Monsieur had succumbed to the horrible tortures of a + poisoning even more visible and manifest; whilst her poisoners, who were + well known, had never been in the least blamed or disgraced. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Mademoiselle de Montpensier, in her Memoirs, says that this Queen, + already languishing, had lost her sleep, and was given soporific + pills, on account of which Henrietta of France awoke no more; but it + is probable that the servants, and not the doctors, committed this + blunder.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + On all these arguments, with more or less foundation, Charles II. managed + to conclude that he ought to detach himself from France, who was not + helpful enough; and, by deserting us, he excited universal joy amongst his + subjects, who were constantly jealous of us. + </p> + <p> + Charles Stuart had had children by his mistresses; he had had none by the + Queen, his wife. The presumptive heir to the Crown was the Duke of York, + his Majesty's only brother. + </p> + <p> + The Duke of York, son-in-law—as I have noticed already—of our + good Chancellor, Lord Hyde, had himself only two daughters, equally + beautiful, who, according to the laws of those islanders, would bear the + sceptre in turn. + </p> + <p> + Our King, who read in the future, was thinking of marrying these two + princesses conformably with our interests, when the Prince of Orange + crossed the sea, and went formally to ask the hand of the elder of his + uncle. + </p> + <p> + Informed of this proceeding, the King at once sent M. de Croissy-Colbert + to the Duke of York, to induce him to interfere and refuse his daughter; + but, in royal families, it is always the head who makes and decides + marriages. William of Orange obtained his charming cousin Mary, and + acquired that day the expectation of the Protestant throne, which was his + ambition. + </p> + <p> + At the news of this marriage, the allies, that is to say, all the King's + enemies, had an outburst of satisfaction, and gave themselves up to + puerile jubilations. The King of Great Britain stood definitely on their + side; he made common cause with them, and soon there appeared in the + political world an audacious document signed by this prince, in which, + from the retreat of his island, the empire of fogs, he dared to demand + peace from Louis of Bourbon, his ancient ally and his cousin german, + imposing on him the most revolting conditions. + </p> + <p> + According to the English monarch, France ought to restore to the + Spaniards, first Sicily, and, further, the towns of Charleroi, Ath, + Courtrai, Condo, Saint Guilain, Tournai, and Valenciennes, as a condition + of retaining Franche-Comte; moreover, France was compelled to give up + Lorraine to the Duke Charles, and places in German Alsace to the Emperor. + </p> + <p> + The King replied that "too much was too much." He referred the decision of + his difficulties to the fortune of war, and collected fresh soldiers. + </p> + <p> + Then, without further delay, England and the States General signed a + particular treaty at La Hague, to constrain France (or, rather, her ruler) + to accept the propositions that his pride refused to hear. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER V. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Great Mademoiselle Buys Choisy.—The President Gonthier.—The + Indemnity.—The Salmon.—The Harangue as It Is Not Done in the + Academy. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King had only caused against his own desire the extreme grief which + Mademoiselle felt at the imprisonment of Lauzun. His Majesty was sensible + of the wisdom of the resolution which she had made not to break with the + Court, and to show herself at Saint Germain, or at Versailles, from time + to time, as her rank, her near kinship, her birth demanded. He said to me + one day: "My cousin is beginning to look up. I see with pleasure that her + complexion is clearing, that she laughs willingly at this and that, and + that her good-will for me is restored. I am told that she is occupied in + building a country-house above Vitry. Let us go to-day and surprise her, + and see what this house of Choisy is like." + </p> + <p> + We arrived at a sufficiently early hour, and had time to see everything. + The King found the situation most agreeable; those lovely gardens united + high up above the Seine, those woods full of broad walks, of light and + air, those points of view happily chosen and arranged, gave a charming + effect; the house of one story, raised on steps of sixteen stairs, + appeared to us elegant from its novelty; but the King blamed his cousin + for not having put a little architecture and ornament on the facade. + </p> + <p> + "Princes," said he, "have no right to be careless; since universal + agreement has made us Highnesses, we must know how to carry our burden, + and to lay it down at no time, and in no place." + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle excused herself on the ground of her remoteness from the + world, and on the expense, which she wished to keep down. + </p> + <p> + "From the sight of the country," said the King, "you must have a hundred + to a hundred and twelve, acres here." + </p> + <p> + "A hundred and nine," she answered. + </p> + <p> + "Have you paid dear for this property?" went on the King. "It is the + President Gonthier who has sold it?" + </p> + <p> + "I paid for this site, and the old house which no longer exists, forty + thousand livres," she said. + </p> + <p> + "Forty thousand livres!" cried the King. "Oh, my cousin, there is no such + thing as conscience! You have not paid for the ground. I was assured that + poor President Gonthier had only got rid of his house at Choisy because + his affairs were embarrassed; you must indemnify him, or rather I will + indemnify him myself, by giving him a pension." + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle bit her lip and added: + </p> + <p> + "The President asked sixty thousand first; my men of business offered him + forty, and he accepted it." + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle has no generosity, although she is immensely rich; she + pretended not to hear, and it was M. Colbert who sent by order the twenty + thousand livres to the President. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle, vain and petty, as though she were a bourgeoise of + yesterday, showed us her gallery, where she had already collected the + selected portraits of all her ancestors, relations, and kindred; she + pointed out to us in her winter salon the portrait of the little Comte de + Toulouse, painted, not as an admiral, but as God of the Sea, floating on a + pearl shell; and his brother, the Duc du Maine, as Colonel-General of the + Swiss and Grisons. The full-length portrait of the King was visible on + three chimneypieces; she was at great pains to make a merit of it, and + call for thanks. + </p> + <p> + Having followed her into her state chamber, where she had stolen in + privately, I saw that she was taking away the portrait of Lauzun. I went + and told it to the King, who shrugged his shoulders and fell to laughing. + </p> + <p> + "She is fifty-two years old," he said to me. + </p> + <p> + A very pretty collation of confitures and fruits was served us, to which + the King prayed her to add a ragout of peas and a roasted fowl. + </p> + <p> + During the repast, he said to her: "For the rest, I have not noticed the + portrait of Gaston, your father; is it a distraction on my part, or an + omission on yours?" + </p> + <p> + "It will be put there later," she answered. "It is not time." + </p> + <p> + "What! your father!" added the King. "You do not think that, cousin!" + </p> + <p> + "All my actions," added the Princess, "are weighed in the balance + beforehand; if I were to exhibit the portrait of my father at the head of + these various pictures, I should have to put my stepmother, his wife, + there too, as a necessary pendant. The harm which she has done me does not + permit of that complacence. One opens one's house only to one's friends." + </p> + <p> + "Your stepmother has never done you any other harm," replied the King, + "than to reclaim for her children the funds or the furniture left by your + father. The character of Margaret of Lorraine has always been sweetness + itself; seeing your irritation, she begged me to arbitrate myself; and you + know all that M. Colbert and the Chancellor did to satisfy you under the + circumstances. But let us speak of something else, and cease these + discussions. I have a service to ask of you: here is M. le Duc du Maine + already big; everybody knows of your affection for him, and I have seen + his portrait with pleasure, in one of your salons. I am going to establish + him; would it be agreeable to you if I give him your livery?" + </p> + <p> + "M. le Duc du Maine," said the Princess, "is the type of what is gracious, + and noble, and beautiful; he can only do honour to my livery; I grant it + him with all my heart, since you do me the favour of desiring it. Would I + were in a position to do more for him!" + </p> + <p> + The King perfectly understood these last words; he made no reply to them, + but he understood all that he was meant to understand. We went down again + into the gardens. + </p> + <p> + The fishermen of Choisy had just caught a salmon of enormous size, which + they had been pursuing for four or five days; they had intended to offer + it to Mademoiselle; the presence of the King inspired them with another + design. They wove with great diligence a large and pretty basket of reeds, + garnished it with foliage, young grass, and flowers, and came and + presented to the King their salmon, all leaping in the basket. + </p> + <p> + The fisherman charged with the address only uttered a few words; they were + quite evidently improvised, so that they gave more pleasure and effect + than those of academicians, or persons of importance. The fisherman + expressed himself thus: + </p> + <p> + "You have brought us good fortune, Sire, by your presence, as you bring + fortune to your generals. You arrive on the Monday; on the Tuesday the + town is taken. We come to offer to the greatest of kings the greatest + salmon that can be caught." + </p> + <p> + The King desired this speech to be instantly transcribed; and, after + having bountifully rewarded the sailors, his Majesty said to Mademoiselle: + </p> + <p> + "This man was born to be a wit; if he were younger, I would place him in a + college. There is wit at Choisy in every rank of life." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER VI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Departure of the King.—Ghent Reduced in Five Days.—Taking of + Ypres.—Peace Signed.—The Prince of Orange Is at Pains Not to + Know of It.—Horrible Cruelties. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + I have related in what manner Charles II., suddenly pronouncing in favour + of his nephew, the Prince of Orange, had signed a league with his old + enemies, the Dutch, in order to counteract the success of the King of + France and compel him to sign a humiliating and entirely inadmissible + peace. + </p> + <p> + The King left Versailles suddenly on the 4th of February, 1678, taking, + with his whole Court, the road to Lorraine, while waiting for the troops + which had wintered on the frontiers, and were investing at once + Luxembourg, Charlemont, Namur, Mons, and Ypres, five of the strongest and + best provisioned places in the Low Countries. By this march and manoeuvre, + he wished to hoodwink the allied generals, who were very far from + imagining that Ghent was the point towards which the Conqueror's + intentions were directed. + </p> + <p> + In effect, hardly had the King seen them occupied in preparing the defence + of the above named places, when, leaving the Queen and the ladies in the + agreeable town of Metz, he rapidly traversed sixty leagues of country, and + laid siege to the town of Ghent, which was scarcely expecting him. + </p> + <p> + The Spanish governor, Don Francisco de Pardo, having but a weak garrison + and little artillery, decided upon releasing the waters and inundating the + country; but certain heights remained which could not be covered, and from + here the French artillery started to storm the ramparts and the fort. + </p> + <p> + The siege was commenced on the 4th of March; upon the 9th the town opened + its gates, and two days later the citadel. Ypres was carried at the end of + a week, in spite of the most obstinate resistance. Our grenadiers + performed prodigies, and lost all their officers, without exception. I + lost there one of my nephews, the one hope of his family; my compliments + to the King, therefore, were soon made. + </p> + <p> + He went to Versailles to take back the Queen, and returned to Ghent with + the speed and promptitude of lightning. The same evening he sent an order + to a detachment of the garrison of Maestricht to hasten and seize the town + and citadel of Leuwe, in Brabant, which was executed on the instant. It + was then that the Dutch sent their deputation, charged to plead for a + suspension of hostilities for six weeks. The King granted it, although + these blunderers hardly merited it. They undertook that Spain should join + them in the peace, and finally, after some difficulties, settled more or + less rightly, the treaty was signed on the 10th of August, just as the six + weeks were about to expire. + </p> + <p> + The Prince of Orange, naturally bellicose, and, above all things, + passionately hostile to France, pretended to ignore the existence of this + peace, which he disapproved. The Marechal de Luxembourg, informed of the + treaty, gave himself up to the security of the moment; he was actually at + table with his numerous officers when he was warned that the Prince of + Orange was advancing against him. The alarm was quickly sounded; such + troops and cavalry as could be were assembled, and a terrible action + ensued. + </p> + <p> + At first we were repulsed, but soon the Marshal rallied his men; he + excited their indignation by exposing to them the atrocity of M. d'Orange, + and after a terrible massacre, in which two thousand English bit the dust, + the Marechal de Luxembourg remained master of the field. + </p> + <p> + He was victorious, but in this unfortunate action we lost, ourselves, the + entire regiment of guards, that of Feuquieres, and several others besides, + with an incredible quantity of officers, killed or wounded. + </p> + <p> + The name of the Prince of Orange, since that day, was held in horror in + both armies, and he would have fallen into disgrace with the States + General themselves had it not been for the protection of the King of + England, to whom the Dutch were greatly bound. + </p> + <p> + On the following day, this monster sent a parliamentary officer to the + French generals to inform them that during the night official news of the + peace had reached him. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER VII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mission of Madame de Maintenon to Choisy.—Mademoiselle Gives the + Principalities of Eu and Dombes in Exchange for M. de Lauzun.—He Is + Set at Liberty. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The four or five words which had escaped Mademoiselle de Montpensier had + remained in the King's recollection. He said to me: "If you had more + patience, and a sweeter and more pliant temper, I would employ you to go + and have a little talk with Mademoiselle, in order to induce her to + explain what intentions she may have relative to my son." + </p> + <p> + "I admit, Sire," I answered him, "that I am not the person required for + affairs of that sort. Your cousin is proud and cutting; I would not endure + what she has made others endure. I cannot accept such a commission. But + Madame de Maintenon, who is gentleness itself, is suitable—no one + more so for this mission; she is at once insinuating and respectful; she + is attached to the Duc du Maine. The interests of my son could not be in + better hands." + </p> + <p> + The King agreed with me, and both he and I begged the Marquise to conduct + M. du Maine to Choisy. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Montpensier received him with rapture. He thanked her for + what she had done for him, in granting him her colours, and upon that + Mademoiselle asked his permission to embrace him, and to tell him how + amiable and worthy of belonging to the King she found him. She led him to + the hall, in which he was to be seen represented as a colonel-general of + Swiss. + </p> + <p> + "I have always loved the Swiss," she said, "because of their great + bravery, their fidelity, and their excellent discipline. The Marechal de + Bassompierre made his corps the perfection which it is; it is for you, my + cousin, to maintain it." + </p> + <p> + She passed into another apartment, where she was to be seen represented as + Bellona. Two Loves were presenting her, one with his helm adorned with + martial plumes, the other with his buckler of gold, with the + Orleans-Montpensier arms. The laurel crown, with which Triumphs were + ornamenting her head, and the scaled cuirass of Pallas completed her + decoration. M. le Duc du Maine praised, without affectation, the + intelligence of the artist; and as for the figure and the likeness, he + said to the Princess: "You are good, but you are better." The calm and the + naivety of this compliment made Mademoiselle shed tears. Her emotion was + visible; she embraced my son anew. + </p> + <p> + "You have brought him up perfectly," she said to Madame de Maintenon. "His + urbanity is of good origin; that is how a king's son ought to act and + speak: + </p> + <p> + "His Majesty," said Madame de Maintenon, "has been enchanted with your + country-house; he spoke of it all the evening. He even added that you had + ordered it all yourself, without an architect, and that M. le Notre would + not have done better." + </p> + <p> + "M. le Notre," replied the Princess, "came here for a little; he wanted to + cut and destroy, and upset and disarrange, as with the King at Versailles. + But I am of a different mould to my cousin; I am not to be surprised with + big words. I saw that Le Notre thought only of expenditure and tyranny; I + thanked him for his good intentions, and prayed him not to put himself out + for me. I found there thickets already made, of an indescribable charm; he + wanted, on the instant, to clear them away, so that one could testify that + all this new park was his. If you please, madame, tell his Majesty that M. + le Notre is the sworn enemy of Nature; that he sees only the pleasures of + proprietorship in the future, and promises us cover and shade just at that + epoch of our life when we shall only ask for sunshine in which to warm + ourselves." + </p> + <p> + She next led her guests towards the large apartments. When she had come to + her bedroom, she showed the Marquise the mysterious portrait, and asked if + she recognised it. + </p> + <p> + "Ah, my God! 'tis himself!" said Madame de Maintenon at once. "He sees, he + breathes, he regards us; one might believe one heard him speak. Why do you + give yourself this torture?" continued the ambassadress. "The continual + presence of an unhappy and beloved being feeds your grief, and this grief + insensibly undermines you. In your place, Princess, I should put him + elsewhere until a happier and more favourable hour." + </p> + <p> + "That hour will never come," cried Mademoiselle. + </p> + <p> + "Pardon me," resumed Madame de Maintenon; "the King is never inhuman and + inexorable; you should know that better than any one. He punishes only + against the protests of his heart, and, as soon as he can relent without + impropriety or danger, he pardons. M. de Lauzun, by refusing haughtily the + marshal's baton, which was offered him in despite of his youth, deeply + offended the King, and the disturbance he allowed himself to make at + Madame de Montespan's depicted him as a dangerous and wrong-headed man. + Those are his sins. Rest assured, Princess, that I am well informed. But + as I know, at the same time, that the King was much attached to him,—and + is still so, to some extent, and that a captivity of ten years is a rough + school, I have the assurance that your Highness will not be thought + importunate if you make today some slight attempt towards a clemency." + </p> + <p> + "I will do everything they like," Mademoiselle de Montpensier said then; + "but shall I have any one near his Majesty to assist and support my + undertaking? I have no more trust in Madame de Montespan; she has betrayed + us, she will betray us again; the offence of M. de Lauzun is always + present in her memory, and she is a lady who does not easily forgive. As + for you, madame, I know that the King considers you for the invaluable + services of the education given to his children. Deign to speak and act in + favour of my unhappy husband, and I will make you a present of one of my + fine titled territories." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon was too acute to accept anything in such a case; she + answered the Princess that her generosities, to please the King, should be + offered to M. le Duc du Maine, and that, by assuring a part of her + succession to that young prince, she had a sure method of moving the + monarch, and of turning his paternal gratitude to the most favourable + concessions. The Princess, enchanted, then said to the negotiatrix: + </p> + <p> + "Be good enough to inform his Majesty, this evening, that I offer to give, + at once, to his dear and amiable child the County of Eu and my Sovereignty + of Dombes, adding the revenues to them if it is necessary." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, who worships her pupil, kissed the hand of + Mademoiselle, and promised to return and see her immediately. + </p> + <p> + That very evening she gave an account to the King of her embassy; she + solicited the liberty of the Marquis de Lauzun, and the King commenced by + granting "the authorisation of mineral waters." + </p> + <p> + Meanwhile, Mademoiselle, presented by Madame de Maintenon, went to take + counsel with the King. She made a formal donation of the two + principalities which I have named. His Majesty, out of courtesy, left her + the revenues, and, in fine, she was permitted to marry her M. de Lauzun, + and to assure him, by contract, fifty thousand livres of income. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER VIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + M. de Brisacier and King Casimir.—One Is Never so Well Praised as by + Oneself.—He Is Sent to Get Himself Made a Duke Elsewhere. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Abbe de Brisacier, the famous director of consciences, possessed + enough friends and credit to advance young Brisacier, his nephew, to the + Queen's household, to whom he had been made private secretary. Slanderers + or impostors had persuaded this young coxcomb that Casimir, the King of + Poland, whilst dwelling in Paris in the quality of a simple gentleman, had + shown himself most assiduous to Madame Brisacier, and that he, Brisacier + of France, was born of these assiduities of the Polish prince. + </p> + <p> + When he saw the Comte Casimir raised to the elective throne of Poland, he + considered himself as the issue of royal blood, and it seemed to him that + his position with the Queen, Maria Theresa, was a great injustice of + fortune; he thought, nevertheless, that he ought to remain some time + longer in this post of inferiority, in order to use it as a ladder of + ascent. + </p> + <p> + The Queen wrote quantities of letters to different countries, and + especially to Spain, but never, or hardly ever, in her own hand. One day, + whilst handling all this correspondence for the princess's signature, the + private secretary slipped one in, addressed to Casimir, the Polish King. + </p> + <p> + In this letter, which from one end to the other sang the praises of the + Seigneur Brisacier, the Queen had the extreme kindness to remind the + Northern monarch of his old liaison with the respectable mother of the + young man, and her Majesty begged the prince to solicit from the King of + France the title and rank of duke for so excellent a subject. + </p> + <p> + King Casimir was not, as one knows, distrust and prudence personified; he + walked blindfold into the trap; he wrote with his royal hand to his + brother, the King of France, and asked him a brevet as duke for young + Brisacier. Our King, who did not throw duchies at people's heads, read and + re-read the strange missive with astonishment and suspicion. He wrote in + his turn to the suppliant King, and begged him to send him the why and the + wherefore of this hieroglyphic adventure. The good prince, ignorant of + ruses, sent the letter of the Queen herself. + </p> + <p> + Had this princess ever given any reason to be talked about, there is no + doubt that she would have been lost on this occasion; but there was + nothing to excite suspicion. The King, no less, approached her with + precaution, in order to observe the first results of her answers. + </p> + <p> + "Madame," he said, "are you still quite satisfied with young Brisacier, + your private secretary?" + </p> + <p> + "More or less," replied the Infanta; "a little light, a little absent; + but, on the whole, a good enough young man." + </p> + <p> + "Why have you recommended him to the King of Poland, instead of + recommending him to me directly?" + </p> + <p> + "To the King of Poland!—I? I have not written to him since I + congratulated him on his succession." + </p> + <p> + "Then, madame, you have been deceived in this matter, since I have your + last letter in my hands. Here it is; I return it to you." + </p> + <p> + The princess read the letter with attention; her astonishment was immense. + </p> + <p> + "My signature has been used without authority," she said. "Brisacier alone + can be guilty, being the only one interested." + </p> + <p> + This new kind of ambitious man was summoned; he was easily confounded. The + King ordered him to prison, wishing to frighten him for a punishment, and + at the end of some days he was commanded to quit France and go and be made + duke somewhere else. + </p> + <p> + This event threw such ridicule upon pretenders to the ducal state, that I + no longer dared speak further to the King of the hopes which he had held + out to me; moreover, the things which supervened left me quite convinced + of the small success which would attend my efforts. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER IX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Compliment from Monsieur to the New Prince de Dombes.—Roman History.—The + Emperors Trajan, Marcus Aurelius, and Verus.—The Danger of + Erudition. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Monsieur, having learnt what his cousin of Montpensier had just done for + my Duc du Maine, felt all possible grief and envy at it. He had always + looked to inherit from her, and the harshest enemy whom M. de Lauzun met + with at his wedding was, undoubtedly, Monsieur. When M. le Duc du Maine + received the congratulations of all the Court on the ground of his new + dignity of Prince de Dombes, his uncle was the last to appear; even so he + could not refrain from making him hear these disobliging words,—who + would believe it?—"If I, too, were to give you my congratulation, it + would be scarcely sincere; what will be left for my children?" + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, who is never at a loss, replied: "There will be left + always, Monseigneur, the remembrance of your virtues; that is a fair + enough inheritance." + </p> + <p> + We complained of it to the King; he reprimanded him in a fine fashion. "I + gave you a condition so considerable," said he, "that the Queen, our + mother, herself thought it exaggerated and dangerous in your hands. You + have no liking for my children, although you feign a passionate affection + for their father; the result of your misbehaviour will be that I shall + grow cool to your line, and that your daughter, however beautiful and + amiable she may be, will not marry my Dauphin." + </p> + <p> + At this threat Monsieur was quite overcome, and anxious to make his + apologies to the King; he assured him of his tender affection for M. le + Duc du Maine, and would give him to understand that Madame de Maintenon + had misunderstood him. + </p> + <p> + "It is not from her that your compliment came to us; it is from M. le Duc + du Maine, who is uprightness itself, and whose mouth has never lied." + </p> + <p> + Monsieur then started playing at distraction and puerility; the medal-case + was standing opened, his gaze was turned to it. Then he came to me and + said in a whisper: "I pray you, come and look at the coin of Marcus + Aurelius; do you not find that the King resembles that emperor in every + feature?" + </p> + <p> + "You are joking," I answered him. "His Majesty is as much like him as you + are like me." + </p> + <p> + He insisted, and his brother, who witnessed our argument, wished to know + the reason. When he understood, he said to Monsieur: "Madame de Montespan + is right; I am not in the least like that Roman prince in face. The one to + whom I should wish to be like in merit is Trajan." + </p> + <p> + "Trajan had fine qualities," replied Monsieur; "that does not prevent me + from preferring Marcus Aurelius." + </p> + <p> + "On what grounds?" asked his Majesty. + </p> + <p> + "On the grounds that he shared his throne with Verus," replied Monsieur, + unhesitatingly. + </p> + <p> + The King flushed at this reply, and answered in few words: "Marcus + Aurelius's action to his brother may, be called generous; it was none the + less inconsiderate. By his own confession, the Emperor Verus proved, by + his debauchery and his vices, unworthy, of the honour which had been done + him. Happily, he died from his excesses during the Pannonian War, and + Marcus Aurelius could only do well from that day on." + </p> + <p> + Monsieur, annoyed with his erudition and confused at his escapade, sought + to change the conversation. The King, passing into his cabinet, left him + entirely, in my charge. I scolded him for his inconsequences, and he dared + to implore me to put his daughter "in the right way," to become one day + Queen of France by marrying Monsieur le Dauphin, whom she loved already + with her whole heart. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER X. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Benedictines of Fontevrault.—The Head in the Basin.—The + Unfortunate Delivery.—The Baptism of the Monster.—The + Courageous Marriage.—Foundation of the Royal Abbey of Fontevrault. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Two or three days after our arrival at Fontevrault, the King, who loves to + know all the geographical details of important places, asked me of the + form and particulars of the celebrated abbey. I gave him a natural + description of it. + </p> + <p> + "They are two vast communities," I told him, "which the founder, for some + inexplicable whim, united in one domain, of an extent which astonishes the + imagination." + </p> + <p> + The Community of Benedictine Nuns is regarded as the first, because of the + abbotorial dignity it possesses. The Community of Benedictine Monks is + only second,—a fact which surprises greatly strangers and visitors. + Both in the monastery and the convent the buildings are huge and + magnificent, the courts spacious, the woods and streams well distributed + and well kept. + </p> + <p> + "Every morning you may see a hundred and fifty to two hundred ploughs + issue from both establishments; these spread over the plain and till an + immense expanse of land. Carts drawn by bullocks, big mules, or superb + horses are ceaselessly exporting the products of the fields, the meadows, + or the orchards. Innumerable cows cover the pastures, and legions of women + and herds are employed to look after these estates. + </p> + <p> + "The aspect of Fontevrault gives an exact idea of the ancient homes of the + Patriarchs, in their remote periods of early civilisation, which saw the + great proprietors delighting in their natal hearth, and finding their + glory, as well as their happiness, in fertilising or assisting nature. + </p> + <p> + "The abbess rules like a sovereign over her companion nuns, and over the + monks, her neighbours. She appoints their officers and their temporal + prince. It is she who admits postulants, who fixes the dates of + ordinations, pronounces interdictions, graces, and penances. They render + her an account of their administration and the employment of their + revenues, from which she subtracts carefully her third share, as the + essential right of her crosier of authority." + </p> + <p> + "Have you invited the Benedictine Fathers to your fete in the wood?" the + King asked me, smiling. + </p> + <p> + "We had no power, Sire," I answered. "There are many young ladies being + educated with the nuns of Fontevrault. The parents of these young ladies + respectful as they are to these monks, would have looked askance at the + innovation. The Fathers never go in there. They are to be seen at the + abbey church, where they sing and say their offices. Only the three + secular chaplains of the abbess penetrate into the house of the nuns; the + youngest of the three cannot be less than fifty. + </p> + <p> + "The night of the feast the monks draw near our cloister by means of a + wooden theatre, which forms a terrace, and from this elevation they + participate by the eye and ear in our amusements; that is enough." + </p> + <p> + "Has Madame de Mortemart ever related to you the origin of her abbey?" + resumed the King. "Perhaps she is ignorant of it. I am going to tell you + of it, for it is extremely curious; it is not as it is related in the + books, and I take the facts from good authority. You must hear of it, and + you will see. + </p> + <p> + "There was once a Comtesse de Poitiers, named Honorinde, to whom fate had + given for a husband the greatest hunter in the world. This man would have + willingly passed his life in the woods, where he hunted, night and day, + what we call, in hunter's parlance, 'big game.' Having won the victory + over a monstrous boar, he cut off the head himself, and this quivering and + bleeding mask he went to offer to his lady in a basin. The young woman was + in the first month of her pregnancy. She was filled with repugnance and + fright at the sight of this still-threatening head; it troubled her to the + prejudice of her fruit. + </p> + <p> + "Eight, or seven and a half, months afterwards, she brought into the world + a girl who was human in her whole body, but above had the horrible head of + a wild boar! Imagine what cries, what grief, what despair! The cure of the + place refused baptism, and the Count, broken down and desolate, ordered + the child to be drowned. + </p> + <p> + "Instead of throwing it into the water, his servant scrupulously went + straight to the monastery where your sister rules. He laid down his closed + packet in the church of the monks, and then returned to his lord, who + never had any other child. + </p> + <p> + "The religious Benedictines, not knowing whence this monster came, + believed there was some prodigy in it. They baptised in this little person + all that was not boar, and left the surplus to Providence. They brought up + the singular creature in the greatest secrecy; it drank and lapped after + the manner of its kind. As it grew up it walked on its feet, and that + without the least imperfection; it could sit down, go on its knees, and + even make a courtesy. But it never articulated any distinct words, and it + had always a harsh and rough voice which howled and grunted. Its + intelligence never reached the knowledge of reading or writing; but it + understood easily all that could be said to it, and the proof was that it + replied by its actions. + </p> + <p> + "The Comte de Poitiers having died whilst hunting, Honorinde learnt of her + old serving-man in what refuge, in what asylum, he had long ago deposited + the little one. This good mother proceeded there, and the monks, after + some hesitation, confessed what had become of it. She wished to see it; + they showed it her. At its aspect she felt the same inward commotion which + had, years before, perverted nature. She groaned, fainted, burst into + tears, and never had the courage and firmness to embrace what she had + seen. + </p> + <p> + "Her gratitude was not less lively and sincere; she handed a considerable + sum to the Benedictines of Fontevrault, charging them to continue their + good work and charity. + </p> + <p> + "The reverend Prior, reflecting that his hideous inmate came of a great + family, and of a family of great property, resolved to procure it as a + wife for his nephew. He sounded the young man, who looked fixedly at his + future bride, and avowed that he was satisfied. + </p> + <p> + "She is a good Christian," he replied to his uncle, since you have + baptised her here. She is of a good family, since Honorinde has recognised + her. There are many as ugly as she is to be seen who still find husbands. + I will put a pretty mask on her, and the mask will give me sufficient + illusion. Benedicte, so far as she goes, is well-made; I hope to have fine + children who will talk. + </p> + <p> + "The Prior commenced by marrying them; he then confided in Honorinde, who, + not daring to noise abroad this existence, was compelled to submit to what + had been done. + </p> + <p> + "The marriage of the young she-monster was not happy. She bit her husband + from morning to night. She did not know how to sit at table, and would + only eat out of a trough. She needed neither an armchair, a sofa, nor a + couch; she stretched herself out on the sand or on the pavement. + </p> + <p> + "Her husband, in despair, demanded the nullification of his marriage; and + as the courts did not proceed fast enough for his impatience, he killed + his companion, Benedicte, with a pistol-shot, at the moment when she was + biting and tearing him before witnesses. + </p> + <p> + "Honorinde had her buried at Fontevrault, and over her tomb, at the end of + the year, she built a convent, to which her immense property was given, + where she retired herself as a simple nun, and of which she was appointed + first abbess by the Pope who reigned at the time. + </p> + <p> + "There, madame," added the King, "is the somewhat singular origin of the + illustrious abbey which your sister rules with such eclat. You must have + remarked the boar's head, perfectly imitated in sculpture, in the dome; + that mask is the speaking history of the noble community of Fontevrault, + where more than a hundred Benedictine monks obey an abbess." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Fine Couples Make Fine Children.—The Dauphine of Bavaria.—She + Displeases Madame de Montespan.—First Debut Relating to Madame de + Maintenon, Appointed Lady-in-waiting.—Conversation between the Two + Marquises. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King, in his moments of effusion and abandonment (then so full of + pleasantness), had said more than once: "If I have any physical beauty, I + owe it to the Queen, my mother; if my daughters have any beauty, they owe + it to me: it is only fine couples who get fine children." + </p> + <p> + When I saw him decided upon marrying Monseigneur le Dauphin, I reminded + him of his maxim. He fell to smiling, and answered me: "Chance, too, + sometimes works its miracles. My choice for my son is a decided thing; my + politics come before my taste, and I have asked for the daughter of the + Elector of Bavaria, whose portrait I will show you. She is not beautiful, + like you; she is prettier than Benedicte, and I hope that she will not + bite Monseigneur le Dauphin in her capricious transports." + </p> + <p> + The portrait that the King showed me was a flattering one, as are, in + general, all these preliminary samples. For all that, the Princess seemed + to me hideous, and even disagreeable, especially about her eyes, that + portion of the face which confirms the physiognomy and decides everything. + </p> + <p> + "Monseigneur will never love that woman," I said to the King. "That + constrained look in the pupil, those drooping eyes,—they make my + heart ache." + </p> + <p> + "My son, happily," his Majesty answered, "is not so difficult as you and + I. He has already seen this likeness, and at the second look he was taken; + and as we have assured him that the young person is well made, he cries + quits with her face, and proposes to love her as soon as he gets her." + </p> + <p> + "God grant it!" I added; and the King told me, more or less in detail, of + what important personages he was going to compose his household. The + eternal Abbe Bossuet was to become first chaplain, as being the + tutor-in-chief to the Dauphin; the Duchesse de Richelieu, for her great + name, was going to be lady of honour; and the two posts of ladies in + waiting were destined for the Marquise de Rochefort, wife of the Marshal, + and for Madame de Maintenon, ex-governess of the Duc du Maine. The gesture + of disapproval which escaped me gave his Majesty pain. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="pb068" id="pb068"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="pb068.jpg (46K)" src="images/pb068.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + "Why this air of contempt or aversion?" he said, changing colour. "Is it + to the Marechale de Rochefort or the Marquise de Maintenon that you + object? I esteem both the one and the other, and I am sorry for you if you + do not esteem them too." + </p> + <p> + "The Marechale de Rochefort," I replied, without taking any fright, "is + aged, and almost always sick; a lady of honour having her appearance will + make a contrast with her office. As to the other, she still has beauty and + elegance; but do you imagine, Sire, that the Court of Bavaria and the + Court of France have forgotten, in so short a time, the pleasant and + burlesque name of the poet Scarron?" + </p> + <p> + "Every one ought to forget what I have forgotten," replied the King, "and + what my gratitude will not, and cannot forget, I am surprised that you, + madame, should take pleasure in forgetting." + </p> + <p> + "She has taken care of my children since the cradle, I admit it with + pleasure," said I to his Majesty, without changing my tone; "you have + given her a marquisate for recompense, and a superb hotel completely + furnished at Versailles. I do not see that she has any cause for + complaint, nor that after such bounty there is more to add." + </p> + <p> + "Of eight children that you have brought into the world, madame, she has + reared and attended perfectly to six," replied the King. "The estate of + Maintenon has, at the most, recompensed the education of the Comtes de + Vegin, whose childhood was so onerous. And for the remainder of my little + family, what have I yet done that deserves mention?" + </p> + <p> + "Give her a second estate and money," I cried, quite out of patience, + "since it is money which pays all services of that nature; but what need + have you to raise her to great office, and keep her at Court? She dotes, + she says, on her old chateau of Maintenon; do not deprive her of this + delight. By making her lady in waiting, you would be disobliging her." + </p> + <p> + "She will accept out of courtesy," he said to me, putting on an air of + mockery. And as the time for the Council was noted by him on my clock, he + went away without adding more. + </p> + <p> + Since M. le Duc du Maine had grown up, and Mademoiselle de Nantes had been + confided to the Marquise de Montchevreuil, Madame de Maintenon continued + to occupy her handsome apartment on the Princes' Court. There she received + innumerable visits, she paid assiduous court to the Queen, who had + suddenly formed a taste for her, and took her on her walks and her visits + to the communities; but this new Marquise saw me rarely. Since the affair + of the vine-grower, killed on the road, she declared that I had insulted + her before everybody, and that I had ordered her imperiously to return to + my carriage, as though she had been a waiting-maid, or some other menial. + Her excessive sensibility readily afforded her this pretext, so that she + neglected and visibly overlooked me. + </p> + <p> + As she did not come to me, I betook myself to her at a tolerably early + hour, before the flood of visitors, and started her on the history of the + lady in waiting. + </p> + <p> + "His Majesty has spoken of it to me," she said, "as of a thing possible; + but I do not think there is anything settled yet in the matter." + </p> + <p> + "Will you accept," I asked her, "supposing the King to insist?" + </p> + <p> + "I should like a hundred times better," she replied, "to go and live in + independence in my little kingdom of Maintenon, and with my own hands + gather on my walls those velvet, brilliant peaches, which grow so fine in + those districts. But if the King commands me to remain at Court, and form + our young Bavarian Princess in the manners of this country, have I the + right, in good conscience, to refuse?" + </p> + <p> + "Your long services have gained you the right to desire and take your + retirement," I said to her; "in your place, I should insist upon the + necessities of my health. And the Court of France will not fall nor change + its physiognomy, even if a German or Iroquois Dauphine should courtesy + awry, or in bad taste." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon began to laugh, and assured me that "her post as lady + in waiting would be an actual burden, if the King had destined her for it + in spite of herself, and there should be no means of withdrawing from it." + </p> + <p> + At this speech I saw clearly that things were already fixed. Not wishing + to call upon me the reproaches of my lord, I carried the conversation no + further. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The "Powder of Inheritance."—The Chambre Ardente.—The Comtesse + de Soissons's Arrest Decreed.—The Marquise de Montespan Buys Her + Superintendence of the Queen's Council.—Madame de Soubise.—Madame + de Maintenon and the King. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + At the time of the poisonings committed by Madame de Brinvilliers, the + Government obtained evidence that a powder, called "the powder of + inheritance," was being sold in Paris, by means of which impatient heirs + shortened the days of unfortunate holders, and entered into possession + before their time. + </p> + <p> + Two obscure women, called La Vigoureuse and La Voisine, were arrested, + having been caught redhanded. Submitted to the question, they confessed + their crime, and mentioned several persons, whom they qualified as "having + bought and made use of the said powder of inheritance." + </p> + <p> + We saw suddenly the arrest of the Marechal de Luxembourg, the Princesse de + Tingry, and many others. The 'Chambre Ardente'—[The French Star + Chamber.]—issued a warrant also to seize the person of the Duchesse + de Bouillon and the Comtesse de Soissons, the celebrated nieces of the + Cardinal Mazarin, sisters-in-law, both, of my niece De Nevers, who was + dutifully afflicted thereby. + </p> + <p> + The Comtesse de Soissons had possessed hitherto an important office, whose + functions suited me in every respect,—that of the superintendence of + the Queen's household and council. I bought this post at a considerable + price. The Queen, who had never cared for the Countess, did me the honour + of assuring me that she preferred me to the other, when I came to take my + oath in her presence. + </p> + <p> + Madame la Princesse de Rohan-Soubise had wished to supplant me at that + time, and I was aware of her constant desire to obtain a fine post at + Court. She loved the King, who had shown her his favours in more than one + circumstance; but, as she had a place neither in his esteem nor in his + affection, I did not fear her. I despatched to her, very adroitly, a + person of her acquaintance, who spoke to her of the new household of a + Dauphine, and gave her the idea of soliciting for herself the place of + lady in waiting, destined for Madame de Maintenon. + </p> + <p> + The Princesse de Soubise put herself immediately amongst the candidates. + She wrote to the King, her friend, a pressing and affectionate letter, to + which he did not even reply. She wrote one next in a more majestic and + appropriate style. It was notified to her that she was forbidden to + reappear at Court. + </p> + <p> + The prince had resolutely taken his course. He wished to put Madame de + Maintenon in evidence, and what he has once decided he abandons never. + </p> + <p> + I was soon aware that costumes of an unheard-of magnificence were being + executed for the Marquise. Gold, silver, precious stones abounded. I was + offered a secret view of her robe of ceremony, with a long mantle train. I + saw this extraordinarily rich garment, and was sorry in advance for the + young stranger, whose lady in waiting could not fail to eclipse her in + everything. + </p> + <p> + I then put some questions to myself,—asked myself severely if my + disapproval sprang from natural haughtiness, which would have been + possible, and even excusable, or whether, mingled with all that, was some + little agitation of jealousy and emulation. + </p> + <p> + I collected together a crowd of slight and scattered circumstances; and in + this union of several small facts, at first neglected and almost + unperceived, I distinguished on the part of the King a gradual and + increasing attachment for the governess, and at the same time a negligence + in regard to me,—a coldness, a cooling-down, at least, and that sort + of familiarity, close parent of weariness, which comes to sight in the + midst of courtesies and attentions the most satisfying and the most + frequent. + </p> + <p> + The King, in the old days, never glanced towards my clock till as late as + possible, and always at the last moment, at the last extremity. Now he + cast his eyes on it a score of times in half an hour. He contradicted me + about trifles. He explained to me ingeniously the faults, or alleged + faults, of my temper and character. If it was a question of Madame de + Maintenon, she was of a birth equal and almost superior to the rest of the + Court. He forgot himself so far as to quote before me the subtilty of her + answers or the delight of her most intimate conversation. Did he wish to + describe a noble carriage, an attitude at once easy and distinguished, it + was Madame de Maintenon's. She possessed this, she possessed that, she + possessed everything. + </p> + <p> + Soon there was not the slightest doubt left to me; and I knew, as did the + whole Court, that he openly visited the Marquise, and was glad to pass + some moments there. + </p> + <p> + These things, in truth, never lacked some plausible pretext, and he chose + the time when Madame de Montchevreuil and Mademoiselle de Nantes were + presenting their homages to Madame de Maintenon. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Marie Louise, Daughter of Henrietta of England, Betrothed to the King of + Spain.—Her Affliction.—Jealousy of the King, Her Husband. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The unfortunate lady, Henrietta of England, had left, at her death, two + extremely young girls, one of them, indeed, being still in the cradle. The + new Madame was seized with good-will for these two orphans to such an + extent as to complain to the King. They were brought up with the greatest + care; they were, both of them, pretty and charming. + </p> + <p> + The elder was named Marie Louise. It was this one whom Monsieur destined + in his own mind for Monseigneur le Dauphin; and the Princess, accustomed + early to this prospect, had insensibly adapted to it her mind and hope. + Young, beautiful, agreeable, and charming as her mother, she created + already the keenest sensation at Court, and the King felt an inclination + to cherish her as much as he had loved Madame. But the excessive freedom + which this alliance would not have failed to give his brother, both with + his son-in-law and nephew, and with the Ministry, prevented his Majesty + from giving way to this penchunt for Marie Louise. On the contrary, he + consented to her marriage with the King of Spain, and the news of it was + accordingly carried to Monsieur le Duc d'Orleans. He and his wife felt + much annoyance at it. But after communications of that kind there was + scarcely any course open to be taken than that of acquiescence. Monsieur + conveyed the news to his beloved daughter, and, on hearing that she was to + be made Queen of Spain, this amiable child uttered loud lamentations. + </p> + <p> + When she went to Versailles to thank the King, her uncle, her fine eyes + were still suffused with tears. The few words which she uttered were + mingled with sighing and weeping; and when she saw the indifference of her + cousin, who felicitated her like the rest, she almost fainted with grief + and regret. + </p> + <p> + "My dear cousin," said this dull-witted young lord, "I shall count the + hours until you go to Spain. You will send me some 'touru', for I am very + fond of it?" + </p> + <p> + The King could not but find this reflection of his son very silly and out + of place. But intelligence is neither to be given nor communicated by + example. His Majesty had to support to the end this son, legitimate as + much as you like, but altogether in degree, and with a person which formed + a perpetual contrast with the person of the King. It was my Duc du Maine + who should have been in the eminent position of Monseigneur. Nature willed + it so. She had proved it sufficiently by lavishing all her favours on him, + all her graces; but the laws of convention and usage would not have it. + His Majesty has made this same reflection, groaning, more than once. + </p> + <p> + Marie Louise, having been married by proxy, in the great Chapel of Saint + Germain, where the Cardinal de Bouillon blessed the ring in his quality of + Grand Almoner of France, left for that Spain which her young heart + distrusted. + </p> + <p> + Her beauty and charms rendered her precious to the monarch, utterly + melancholy and devout as he was. He did not delay subjecting her to the + wretched, petty, tiresome, and absurd etiquette of that Gothic Court. + Mademoiselle submitted to all these nothings, seeing she had been able to + submit to separation from France. She condemned herself to the most + fastidious observances and the most sore privations, which did not much + ameliorate her lot. + </p> + <p> + A young Castilian lord, almost mad himself, thought fit to find this Queen + pretty, and publicly testify his love for her. The jealousy of the + religious King flared up like a funeral torch. He conceived a hatred of + his wife, reserved and innocent though she was. She died cruelly by + poison. And Monseigneur le Dauphin probably cried, after his manner: + </p> + <p> + "What a great pity! She won't send me the touru!" + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Dauphine of Bavaria.—The Confessor with Spurs.—Madame de + Maintenon Disputes with Bossuet.—He Opposes to Her Past Ages and + History.—The Military Absolution. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Eight months after the wedding of Marie Louise, we witnessed the arrival + of Anne Marie Christine, Princess of Bavaria, daughter of the Elector + Ferdinand. The King and Monseigneur went to receive her at + Vitry-le-Francais, and then escorted her to Chalons, where the Queen was + awaiting her. + </p> + <p> + The Cardinal de Bouillon celebrated the marriage in the cathedral church + of this third-class town. The festivities and jubilations there lasted a + week. + </p> + <p> + The King had been very willing to charge me with the arrangement of the + baskets of presents destined for the Dauphine; I acquitted myself of this + commission with French taste and a sentiment of what was proper. When the + Queen saw all these magnificent gifts placed and spread out in a gallery, + she cried out, and said: + </p> + <p> + "Things were not done so nobly for me; and yet, I can say without vanity, + I was of a better house than she." + </p> + <p> + This remark paints the Queen, Maria Theresa, better than anything which + could be said. Can one wonder, after that, that she should have brought + into the world an hereditary prince who so keenly loves 'touru', and asks + for it! + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon and M. Bossuet had gone to receive the Princess of + Schelestadt. When she was on her husband's territory, and it was + necessary, to confess her for the sacrament of matrimony, she was + strangely embarrassed. They had not remembered to bring a chaplain of her + own nation for her; and she could not confess except in the German tongue. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, who is skilled in all matters of religion, said to + the prelate: "I really think, monsieur, that, having educated Monsieur le + Dauphin, you ought to know a little German,—you who have composed + the treatise on universal history." + </p> + <p> + The Bishop of Meaux excused himself, saying that he knew Greek, Syriac, + and even Hebrew; but that, through a fatality, he was ignorant of the + German language. A trumpeter was then sent out to ask if there was not in + the country a Catholic priest who was a German, or acquainted with the + German tongue. Luckily one was found, and Madame de Maintenon, who is + very, pedantic, even in the matter of toilet and ornaments, trembled with + joy and thanked God for it. But what was her astonishment when they came + to bring her the priest! He was in coloured clothes, a silk doublet, + flowing peruke, and boots and spurs. The lady in waiting rated him + severely, and was tempted to send him back. But Bossuet—a far + greater casuist than she—decided that in these urgent cases one need + hold much less to forms. They were contented with taking away the spurs + from this amphibious personage; they pushed him into a confessional,—the + curtain of which he was careful to draw before himself,—and they + brought the Bavarian Princess, who, not knowing the circumstances, + confessed the sins of her whole life to this sort of soldier. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon always had this general confession on her conscience; + she scolded Bossuet for it as a sort of sacrilege, and the latter, who was + only difficult and particular with simple folk, quoted historical examples + in which soldiers, on the eve of battle, had confessed to their general. + </p> + <p> + "Yes," said the King, on hearing these quotations from the imperturbable + man; "that must have been to the Bishop of Puy or the Bishop of Orange, + who, in effect, donned the shield and cuirass at the time of the crusades + against the Saracens; or perhaps, again, to the Cardinal de la Valette + d'Epernon, who commanded our armies under Richelieu successfully." + </p> + <p> + "No, Sire," replied the Bishop; "to generals who were simply soldiers." + </p> + <p> + "But," said the King, "were the confessions, then, null?" + </p> + <p> + "Sire," added the Bishop of Meaux, "circumstances decide everything. Of + old, in the time of Saint Peter and Saint Paul, and much later still, + confessions of Christians were public,—made in a loud voice; + sometimes a number together, and always in the open air. Those of soldiers + that I have quoted to madame were somewhat of the kind of these + confessions of the primitive Church; and to-day, still, at the moment when + battle is announced, a military almoner gives the signal for confession. + The regiments confess on their knees before the Most High, who hears them; + and the almoner, raised aloft on a pile of drums, holds the crucifix in + one hand, and with the other gives the general absolution to eighty + thousand soldiers at once." + </p> + <p> + This clear and precise explanation somewhat calmed Madame de Maintenon, + and Madame la Dauphine,—displeased at what she had done on arriving,—in + order to be regular, learned to confess in French. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Pere de la Chaise.—The Jesuits.—The Pavilion of Belleville.—The + Handkerchief. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Pere de la Chaise has never done me good or ill; I have no motives for + conciliating him, no reason to slander him. I am ignorant if he were the + least in the world concerned, at the epoch of the Grand Jubilee, with + those ecclesiastical attempts of which Bossuet had constituted himself + spokesman. Pere de la Chaise has in his favour a great evenness of temper + and character; an excellent tone, which comes to him from his birth; a + conciliatory philosophy, which renders him always master of his condition + and of his metier. He is, in a single individual, the happy combination of + several men, that is to say, he is by turns, and as it may be needful, a + man indulgent or severe in his preaching; a man of abstinence, or a good + feeder; a man of the world, or a cenobite; a man of his breviary, or a + courtier. He knows that the sins of woodcutters and the sins of kings are + not of the same family, and that copper and gold are not weighed in the + same scales. + </p> + <p> + He is a Jesuit by his garb; he is much more so than they are by his + 'savoir-vivre'. His companions love the King because he is the King; he + loves him, and pities him because he sees his weakness. He shows for his + penitent the circumspection and tenderness of a father, and in the long + run he has made of him a spoiled child. + </p> + <p> + This Pere de la Chaise fell suddenly ill, and with symptoms so alarming + that the cabals each wished to appropriate this essential post of + confessor. + </p> + <p> + The Jansenists would have been quite willing to lay hold of it. The + Jesuits, and principally the cordons bleus, did not quit the pillow of the + sick man for an instant. + </p> + <p> + The King had himself informed of his condition every half-hour. There was + a bulletin, as there is for potentates. One evening, when the doctors were + grave on his account, I saw anxiety and affliction painted on the visage + of his Majesty. + </p> + <p> + "Where shall I find his like?" said he to me. "Where shall I find such + knowledge, such indulgence, such kindness? The Pere de la Chaise knew the + bottom of my heart; he knew, as an intelligent man, how to reconcile + religion with nature; and when duty brings me to the foot of his tribunal, + as a humble Christian, he never forgets that royalty, cannot be long on + its knees, and he accompanies with his attentions and with deference the + religious commands which he is bound to impose on me." + </p> + <p> + "I hope that God will preserve him to you," I replied to his Majesty; "but + let us suppose the case in which this useful and precious man should see + his career come to an end; will you grant still this mark of confidence + and favour to the Jesuits? All the French being your subjects, would it + not be fitting to grant this distinction sometimes to the one and + sometimes to the other? You would, perhaps, extinguish by this that hate + or animosity by which the Jesuits see themselves assailed, which your + preference draws upon them." + </p> + <p> + "I do not love the Jesuits with that affection that you seem to suggest," + replied the monarch. "I look upon them as men of instruction, as a learned + and well-governed corporation; but as for their attachment for me, I know + how to estimate it. This kind of people, strangers to the soft emotions of + nature, have no affection or love for anything. Before the triumph of the + King my grandfather, they intrigued and exerted themselves to bring about + his fall; he opened the gates of Paris, and the Jesuits, like the + Capuchins, at once recognised him and bowed down before him. King Henri, + who knew what men are, pretended to forget the past; he pronounced himself + decidedly in favour of the Jesuits because this body of teachers, + numerous, rich, and of good credit, had just pronounced itself in favour + of him. + </p> + <p> + "It was, then, a reconciliation between power and power, and the politics + of my grandfather were to survive him and become mine, since the same + elements exist and I am encamped on the same ground. If God takes away + from me my poor Pere de la Chaise, I shall feel this misfortune deeply, + because I shall lose in him, not a Jesuit, not a priest, but a good + companion, a trusty and proved friend. If I lose him, I shall assuredly be + inconsolable for him; but it will be very necessary for me to take his + successor from the Grand Monastery of the Rue Saint Antoine. This + community knows me by heart, and I do not like innovations." + </p> + <p> + The successor of the Pere de la Chaise was already settled with the Jesuit + Fathers; but this man of the vanguard was spared marching and meeting + danger. The Court was not condemned to see and salute a new face; the old + confessor recovered his health. His Majesty experienced a veritable joy at + it, a joy as real as if the Prince of Orange had died. + </p> + <p> + Wishing to prove to the good convalescent how dear his preservation was to + him, the King released him from his function for the rest of the year, and + begged him to watch over his health, the most important of his duties and + his possessions. + </p> + <p> + Having learnt that they had neither terraces nor gardens at the grand + monastery of the Rue Saint Antoine, his Majesty made a present to his + confessor of a very agreeable house in the district of Belleville, and + caused to be transported thither all kinds of orange-trees, rare shrubs, + and flowers from Versailles. These tasteful attentions, these filial + cares, diverted the capital somewhat; but Paris is a rich soil, where the + strangest things are easily received and naturalised without an effort. + </p> + <p> + The Pare de la Chaise had his chariot with his arms on it, and his family + livery; and as the income from his benefices remained to him, joined to + his office of confessor, he continued to have every day a numerous court + of young abbes, priests well on in years, barons, countesses, marquises, + magistrates and colonels, who came to Belleville in anxiety about his + health, to congratulate themselves upon his convalescence, to ask of him, + with submission and reverence, a bishopric, an archbishopric, a cardinal's + hat, an important priory, a canonry, or an abbey. + </p> + <p> + Having myself to place the three daughters of one of my relatives, I went + to see the noble confessor at his pavilion of Belleville. He received me + with the most marked distinction, and was lavish in acts of gratitude for + all the benefits of the King. + </p> + <p> + As he crossed his salon, in order to accompany me and escort me out, he + let his white handkerchief fall; three bishops at once flung themselves + upon it, and there was a struggle as to who should pick it up to give it + back to him. + </p> + <p> + I related to the King what I had seen. He said to me: "These prelates + honour my confessor, looking upon him as a second me." In fact, the sins + of the King could only throw his confessor into relief and add to his + merit. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Fontanges.—The Pavilions of the Garden of Flora.—Rapid + Triumph of the Favourite.—Her Retreat to Val-de-grace.—Her + Death. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon was already forty-four years old, and appeared to be + only thirty. This freshness, that she owed either to painstaking care or + to her happy and quite peculiar constitution, gave her that air of youth + which fascinated the eyes of the courtiers and those of the monarch + himself. I wished one day to annoy her by bringing the conversation on + this subject, which could not be diverting to her. I began by putting the + question generally, and I then named several of our superannuated beauties + who still fluttered in the smiling gardens of Flora without having the + youth of butterflies. + </p> + <p> + "There are butterflies of every age and colour in the gardens of Flora," + said she, catching the ball on the rebound. "There are presumptuous ones, + whom the first breath of the zephyr despoils of their plumage and + discolours; others, more reserved and less frivolous, keep their glamour + and prestige for a much longer time. For the rest, the latter seem to me + to rejoice without being vain in their advantages. And at bottom, what + should any insect gain by being proud?" + </p> + <p> + "Very little," I answered her, "since being dressed as a butterfly does + not prevent one from being an insect, and the best sustained preservation + lasts at most till the day after to-morrow." + </p> + <p> + The King entered. I started speaking of a young person, extremely + beautiful, who had just appeared at Court, and would eclipse, in my + opinion, all who had shone there before her. + </p> + <p> + "What do you call her?" asked his Majesty. "To what family does she + belong?" + </p> + <p> + "She comes from the provinces," I continued, "just like silk, silver, and + gold. Her parents desire to place her among the maids of honour of the + Queen. Her name is Fontanges, and God has never made anything so + beautiful." + </p> + <p> + As I said these words I watched the face of the Marquise. She listened to + this portrayal with attention, but without appearing moved by it, such is + her power of suppressing her natural feeling. The King only added these + words: + </p> + <p> + "This young person needs be quite extraordinary, since Madame de Montespan + praises her, and praises her with so much vivacity. However, we shall + see." + </p> + <p> + Two days afterwards, Mademoiselle de Fontanges was seen in the salon of + the grand table. The King, in spite of his composure, had looks and + attentions for no one else. + </p> + <p> + This excessive preoccupation struck the Queen, who, marking the + blandishments of the young coquette and the King's response, guessed the + whole future of this encounter; and in her heart was almost glad at it, + seeing that my turn had come. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de Fontanges, given to the King by her shameless family, + feigned love and passion for the monarch, as though he had returned by + enchantment to his twentieth year. + </p> + <p> + As for him, he too appeared to us to forget all dates. I know that he was + only now forty-one years old, and having been the finest man in the world, + he could not but preserve agreeable vestiges of a once striking beauty. + But his young conquest had hardly entered on her eighteenth year, and this + difference could not fail to be plain to the most inattentive, or most + indulgent eyes. + </p> + <p> + The King, with a sort of anticipatory resignation, had for six or seven + years greatly simplified his appearance. We had seen him, little by + little, reform that Spanish and chivalric costume with which he once + embellished his first loves. The flowing plumes no longer floated over his + forehead, which had become pensive and quite serious. The diagonal, scarf + was suppressed, and the long boots, with gold and silver embroidery, were + no longer seen. To please his new divinity, the monarch suddenly enough + rejuvenated his attire. The most elegant stuffs became the substance of + his garments; feathers reappeared. He joined to them emeralds and + diamonds. + </p> + <p> + Allegorical comedies, concerts on the waters recommenced. Triumphant + horse-races set the whole Court abob and in movement. There was a fresh + carousal; there was all that resembles the enthusiasms of youthful + affection, and the deliriums of youth. The youth alone was not there, at + least in proportion, assortment, and similarity. + </p> + <p> + All that I was soliciting for twelve years, Mademoiselle de Fontanges had + only to desire for a week. She was created duchess at her debut; and the + lozenge of her escutcheon was of a sudden adorned with a ducal coronet, + and a peer's mantle. + </p> + <p> + I did not deign to pay attention to this outrage; at least, I made a + formal resolution never to say a single word on it. + </p> + <p> + The King came no less from time to time, to pay me a visit, and to talk to + me, as of old, of operas and his hunting. I endured his conversation with + a philosophical phlegm. He scarcely suspected the change in me. + </p> + <p> + At the chase, one day, his nymph, whom nothing could stop, had her knot of + riband caught and held by a branch; the royal lover compelled the branch + to restore the knot, and went and offered it to his Amazon. Singular and + sparkling, although lacking in intelligence, she carried herself this knot + of riband to the top of her hair, and fixed it there with a long pin. + </p> + <p> + Fortune willed it that this coiffure, without order or arrangement, suited + her face, and suited it greatly. The King was the first to congratulate + her on it; all the courtiers applauded it, and this coiffure of the chase + became the fashion of the day. + </p> + <p> + All the ladies, and the Queen herself, found themselves obliged to adopt + it. Madame de Maintenon submitted herself to it, like the others. I alone + refused to sacrifice to the idol, and my knee, being once more painful, + would not bend before Baal. + </p> + <p> + With the exception of the general duties of the sovereignty, the prince + appeared to have forgotten everything for his flame. The Pere de la + Chaise, who had returned to his post, regarded this fresh incident with + his philosophic calm, and congratulated himself on seeing the monarch + healed of at least one of his passions. + </p> + <p> + I had always taken the greatest care to respect the Queen; and since my + star condemned me to stand in her shoes, I did not spare myself the + general attentions which two well-born people owe one another, and which, + at least, prove a lofty education. + </p> + <p> + The Duchesse de Fontanges, doubtless, believed herself Queen, because she + had the public homage and the King. This imprudent and conceited + schoolgirl had the face to pass before her sovereign without stopping, and + without troubling to courtesy. + </p> + <p> + The Infanta reddened with disapproval, and persuaded herself, by way of + consolation, that Fontanges had lost her senses or was on the road to + madness. + </p> + <p> + Beautiful and brilliant as the flowers, the Duchess, like them, passed + swiftly away. Her pregnancy, by reason of toilsome rides, hunting parties, + and other agitations, became complicated. From the eighth month she fell + into a fever, into exhaustion and languor. The terror that took possession + of her imagination caused her to desire a sojourn in a convent as a refuge + of health, where God would see her nearer and, perhaps, come to her aid. + </p> + <p> + She had herself transported during the night to the House of the Ladies of + Val-de-Grace, and desired that they should place in her chamber several + relics from their altars. + </p> + <p> + Her confinement was not less laboured and sinister. When she saw that all + the assistance of art could not stop the bleeding, with which her deep bed + was flooded, she caused the King to be summoned, embraced him tenderly, in + the midst of sobs and tears, and died in the night, pronouncing the name + of God and the name of the King, the objects of her love and of fears. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Sevigne.—Madame de Grignan.—Madame de Montespan at + the Carmelites.—Madame de la Valliere.—These Two Great Ruins + Console One Another.—An Angel of Sweetness, Goodness, and Kindness. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Fifteen or twenty days before the death of Mademoiselle de Fontanges, my + sister and I were taking a walk in the new woods of Versailles. We met the + Marquise de Sevigne near the canal; she was showing these marvellous + constructions to her daughter, the Comtesse de Grignan. They greeted us + with their charming amiability, and, after having spoken of several + indifferent matters, the Marquise said to me: "We saw, five or six days + ago, a person, madame, of whom you were formerly very fond, and who + charged us to recall her to the memory of her friends. You are still of + that number,—I like to think so, and our commission holds good where + you are concerned, if you will allow it." + </p> + <p> + Then she mentioned to me that poor Duchesse de la Valliere, to whom I was + once compelled by my unhappy star to give umbrage, and whom, in my fatal + thoughtlessness, I had afflicted without desiring it. + </p> + <p> + Tears came into my eyes; Madame de Sevigne saw them, and expressed her + regret at having caused me pain. Madame de Thianges and I asked her if my + old friend was much changed. She and Madame de Grignan assured us that she + was fresh, in good health, and that her face appeared more beautiful. On + the next day I wished absolutely to see her, and drove to the Carmelites. + </p> + <p> + On seeing my pretty cripple, who hobbled among us with so great a charm, I + uttered a cry, which for a moment troubled her. She sank down to salute + the crucifix, as custom demands, and, after her short prayer, she came to + me. "I did not mention your name to Mesdames de Sevigne," said she; "but, + however, I am obliged to them, since they have been able to procure me the + pleasure of seeing you once more." + </p> + <p> + "The general opinion of the Court, and in the world, my dear Duchess," + answered I, "is that I brought about your disgrace myself; and the public, + that loved you, has not ceased to reproach me with your misfortune." + </p> + <p> + "The public is very kind still to occupy itself with me," she answered; + "but it is wrong in that, as in so many other matters. My retirement from + the world is not a misfortune, and I never suspected that the soul could + find such peace and satisfaction in these silent solitudes. + </p> + <p> + "The first days were painful to me, I admit it, owing to the inexpressible + difference which struck me between what I found here and what I had left + elsewhere. But just as the eye accustoms itself, little by little, to the + feeble glimmer of a vault, in the same way my body has accustomed itself + to the roughness of my new existence, and my heart to all its great + privations. + </p> + <p> + "If life had not to finish, in fulfilment of a solemn, universal, and + inevitable decree, the constraint that I have put upon myself might at + length become oppressive, and my yoke prove somewhat heavy. But all that + will finish soon, for all undertakings come to an end. I left you young, + beautiful, adored, and triumphant in the land of enchantments. But six + years have passed, and they assure me that your own afflictions have come, + and that you, yourself, have been forced to drink the bitter cup of + deprivation." + </p> + <p> + At these words, pronounced in a melancholy and celestial voice, I felt as + though my heart were broken, and burst into tears. + </p> + <p> + "I pity you, Athenais," she resumed. "Is, then, what I have been told + lightly, and almost in haste, only too certain for you? How is it you did + not expect it? How could you believe him constant and immutable, after + what happened to me? + </p> + <p> + "To-day, I make no secret to you of it, and I say it with the peaceful + indifference which God has generously granted me, after such dolorous + tribulations. I make no secret of it to you, Athenais; a thousand times + you plunged the sword and dagger into my heart, when, profiting by my + confidence in you, by my sense of entire security, you permitted your own + inclination to substitute itself for mine, and a young man seething with + desires to be attracted by your charms. These unlimited sufferings + exhausted, I must believe, all the sensibility of my soul. And when this + corrosive flame had completely devoured my grief, a new existence grew up + in me; I no longer saw in the father of my children other than a young + prince, accustomed to see his dominating will fulfilled in everything. + Knowing how little in this matter he is master of himself, he who knows so + well how to be master of himself in everything to do with his numerous + inferiors, I deplored the facility he enjoys from his attractions, from + his wealth, from his power to dazzle the hearts which he desires to move + and subdue. + </p> + <p> + "Recognise these truths, my dear Marquise," she added, "and gain, for it + is time, a just idea of your position. After the unhappiness I felt at + being loved no longer, I should have quitted the Court that very instant, + if I had been permitted to bring up and tend my poor children. They were + too young to abandon! I stayed still in the midst of you, as the swallow + hovers and flits among the smoke of the fire, in order to watch over and + save her little ones. Do not wait till disdain or authority mingles in the + matter. Do not come to the sad necessity of resisting a monarch, and of + detesting to the point of scandal that which you have so publicly loved; + pity him, but depart. This kind of intimacy, once broken, cannot be + renewed. However skilfully it may be patched up, the rent always + reappears." + </p> + <p> + "My good Louise," I replied to the amiable Carmelite, "your wise counsels + touch me, persuade me, and are nothing but the truth. But in listening to + you I feel overwhelmed; and that strength which you knew how to gain, and + show to the world, your former companion will never possess. + </p> + <p> + "I see with astonished eyes the supernatural calm which reigns in your + countenance; your health seems to me a prodigy, your beauty was never so + ravishing; but this barbarous garb pierces me to the heart. + </p> + <p> + "The King does not yet hate me; he shows me even a remnant of respect, + with which he would colour his indifference. Permit me to ask from him for + you an abbey like that of Fontevrault, where the felicities of sanctuary + and of the world are all in the power of my sister. He will ask nothing + better than to take you out, be assured." + </p> + <p> + "Speak to him of me," answered Louise; "I do not oppose that; but leave me + until the end the role of obedience and humility that his fault and mine + impose on me. Why should he wish that I should command others,—I who + did not know how to command myself at an epoch when my innocence was so + dear to me, and when I knew that, in losing that, one is lost?" + </p> + <p> + As she said these words two nuns came to announce her Serene Highness, + that is to say, her daughter, the Princesse de Conti. I prayed Madame de + la Valliere to keep between ourselves the communications that had just + taken place in the intimacy of confidence. She promised me with her usual + candour. I made a profound reverence to the daughter, embraced the mother + weeping, and regained my carriage, which the Princess must have remarked + on entering. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Reflections.—The Future.—The Refuge of Foresight.—Community + of Saint Joseph.—Wicked Saying of Bossuet. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + I wept much during the journey; and to save the spectacle of my grief from + the passers-by, I was at the pains to lower the curtains. I passed over in + my mind all that the Duchess had said to me. It was very easy for me to + understand that the monarch's heart had escaped me, and that, owing to his + character, all resistance, all contradiction would be vain. The figure, as + it had been supernumerary and on sufferance, which the Duchess had made in + the midst of the Court when she ceased to be loved, returned to my memory + completely, and I felt I had not the courage to drink a similar cup of + humiliation. + </p> + <p> + I reminded myself of what the prince had told me several times in those + days when his keen affection for me led him to wish for my happiness, even + in the future,—even after his death, if I were destined to survive + him. + </p> + <p> + "You ought," he said to me, at those moments, "you ought to choose and + assure yourself beforehand of an honourable retreat; for it is rarely that + a king accords his respect or his good-will to the beloved confidante of + his predecessor." + </p> + <p> + Not wishing to ask a refuge of any one, but, on the contrary, being + greatly set upon ruling in my own house, I resolved to build myself, not a + formal convent like Val-de-Grace or Fontevrault, but a pretty little + community, whose nuns, few in number, would owe me their entire existence, + which would necessarily attach them to all my interests. I held to this + idea. I charged my intendant to seek for me a site spacious enough for my + enterprise; and when he had found it, had showed it to me, and had + satisfied me with it, I had what rambling buildings there were pulled + down, and began, with a sort of joy, the excavations and foundations. + </p> + <p> + The first blow of the hammer was struck, by some inconceivable fortuity, + at the moment when the Duchesse de Fontanges expired. Her death did not + weaken my resolutions nor slacken my ardour. I got away quite often to + cast an eye over the work, and ordered my architect to second my + impatience and spur on the numerous workmen. + </p> + <p> + The rumour was current in Paris that the example of "Soeur Louise" had + touched me, and that I was going to take the veil in my convent. I took no + notice of this fickle public, and persisted wisely in my plan. + </p> + <p> + The unexpected and almost sudden decease of Mademoiselle de Fontanges had + singularly moved the King. Extraordinary and almost incredible to relate, + he was for a whole week absent from the Council. His eyes had shed so many + tears that they were swollen and unrecognisable. He shunned the occasions + when there was an assembly, buried himself in his private apartments or in + his groves, and resembled, in every trait, Orpheus weeping for his fair + Eurydice, and refusing to be consoled. + </p> + <p> + I should be false to others and to myself if I were to say that his + extreme grief excited my compassion; but I should equally belie the truth + if I gave it to be understood that his "widowhood" gave me pleasure, and + that I congratulated myself on his sorrow and bitterness. + </p> + <p> + He came to see me when he found himself presentable, and, for the first + few days, I abstained from all reprisal and any allusion. The innumerable + labours of his State soon threw him, in spite of himself, into those + manifold distractions which, in their nature, despise or absorb the + sensibilities of the soul. He resumed, little by little, his accustomed + serenity, and, at the end of the month, appeared to have got over it. + </p> + <p> + "What," he asked me, "are those buildings with which you are busy in + Paris, opposite the Ladies of Belle-Chasse? I hear of a convent; is it + your intention to retire?" + </p> + <p> + "It is a 'refuge of foresight,'" I answered him. "Who can count upon the + morrow? And after what has befallen Mademoiselle de Fontanges, we must + consider ourselves as persons already numbered, who wait only for the + call." + </p> + <p> + He sighed, and soon spoke of something else. + </p> + <p> + I reminded myself that, to speak correctly, I had in Paris no habitation + worthy of my children and of my quality. That little hotel in the Rue + Saint Andre-des-Arcs I could count for no more than a little box. I sought + amongst my papers for a design of a magnificent hotel which I had obtained + from the famous Blondel. I found it without difficulty, with full + elevations and sections. The artist had adroitly imitated in it the + beautiful architecture of the Louvre; this fair palace would suit me in + every respect. + </p> + <p> + My architect, at a cursory glance, judged that the construction and + completion of this edifice would easily cost as much as eighteen hundred + thousand livres. This expense being no more than I could afford, I + commissioned him to choose me a spacious site for the buildings and + gardens over by Roule and La Pepiniere. + </p> + <p> + Not caring to superintend several undertakings at once, I desired, before + everything, that my house in the Faubourg Saint Germain should be complete + and when the building and the chapel were in a condition to receive the + little colony, I dedicated my "refuge of foresight" to Saint Joseph, the + respectful spouse of the Holy Virgin and foster-father of the Child Jesus. + This agreeable mansion lacked a large garden. I felt a sensible regret for + this, especially for the sake of my inmates; but there was a little open + space furnished with vines and fruit-walls, and one of the largest + courtyards in the whole of the Faubourg Saint Germain. + </p> + <p> + Having always loved society, I had multiplied in the two principal blocks + of the sleeping-rooms and the entrance-hall complete apartments for the + lady inmates. And a proof that I was neither detested by the world nor + unconsidered is that all these apartments were sought after and occupied + as soon as the windows were put in and the painting done. My own apartment + was simple, but of a majestic dignity. It communicated with the chapel, + where my tribune, closed with a handsome window, was in face of the altar. + </p> + <p> + I decided, once for all, that the Superior should be my nomination whilst + God should leave me in this world, but that this right should not pass on + to my heirs. The bell of honour rang for twenty minutes every time I paid + a visit to these ladies; and I only had incense at high mass, and at the + Magnificat, in my quality of foundress. + </p> + <p> + I went from time to time to make retreats, or, to be more accurate, + vacations, in my House of Saint Joseph. M. Bossuet solicited the favour of + being allowed to preach there on the day of the solemn consecration. I + begged him to preserve himself for my funeral oration. He answered cruelly + that there was nothing he could refuse me. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 6. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Court Travels in Picardy and Flanders.—The Boudoir Navy.—Madame + de Montespan Is Not Invited.—The King Relates to Her the Delights of + the Journey.—Reflections of the Marquise. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King, consoled as he was for the death of the Duchesse de Fontanges, + did not, on that account, return to that sweet and agreeable intimacy + which had united us for the space of eleven or twelve years. He approached + me as one comes to see a person of one's acquaintance, and it was more + than obvious that his only bond with me was his children. + </p> + <p> + Being a man who loved pomp and show, he resolved upon a journey in + Flanders,—a journey destined to furnish him, as well as his Court, + with numerous and agreeable distractions, and to give fresh alarm to his + neighbours. + </p> + <p> + Those "Chambers of Reunion," as they were called, established at Metz and + at Brisach, competed with each other in despoiling roundly a host of great + proprietors, under the pretext that their possessions had formerly + belonged to Alsace, and that this Alsace had been ceded to us by the last + treaties. The Prince Palatine of the Rhine saw himself stripped, on this + occasion, of the greater part of the land which he had inherited from his + ancestors, and when he would present a memoir on this subject to the + ministers, M. de Croissy-Colbert answered politely that he was in despair + at being unable to decide the matter himself; but that the Chambers of + Metz and Brisach having been instituted to take cognisance of it, it was + before these solemn tribunals that he must proceed. + </p> + <p> + The Palatine lost, amongst other things, the entire county of Veldentz, + which was joined to the church of the Chapter of Verdun. + </p> + <p> + The King, followed by the Queen and all his Court,—by Monsieur le + Dauphin, Madame la Dauphine and the legitimate princes, whom their + households accompanied as well,—set out for Flanders in the month of + July. Madame de Maintenon, as lady in waiting, went on this journey; and + of me, superintendent of the Queen's Council, they did not even speak. + </p> + <p> + The first town at which this considerable Court stopped was at Boulogne, + in Picardy, the fortifications of which were being repaired. On the next + day the King went on horseback to visit the port of Ambleteuse; thence he + set out for Calais, following the line of the coast, while the ladies took + the same course more rapidly. He inspected the harbours and diverted + himself by taking a sail in a wherry. He then betook himself to Dunkirk, + where the Marquis de Seignelay—son of Colbert—had made ready a + very fine man-of-war with which to regale their Majesties. The Chevalier + de Ury, who commanded her, showed them all the handling of it, which was + for those ladies, and for the Court, a spectacle as pleasant as it was + novel. The whole crew was very smart, and the vessel magnificently + equipped. There was a sham fight, and then the vessel was boarded. The + King took as much pleasure in this sight as if Fontanges had been the + heroine of the fete, and our ladies, to please him, made their hands sore + in applauding. This naval fight terminated in a great feast, which left + nothing to be desired in the matter of sumptuousness and delicacy. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="pb110" id="pb110"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="pb110.jpg (103K)" src="images/pb110.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + On the following day, there was a more formal fight between two frigates, + which had also been prepared for this amusement. + </p> + <p> + The King was in a galley as spectator; the Queen was in another. The + Chevalier de Lery took the helm of that of the King; the Capitaine de + Selingue steered that of the Queen. The sea was calm, and there was just + enough wind to set the two frigates in motion. They cannonaded one another + briskly for an hour, getting the weather gauge in turn; after this, the + combat came to an end, and they returned to the town to the sound of + instruments and the noise of cannon. + </p> + <p> + The King gave large bounties to the crew, as a token of his satisfaction. + </p> + <p> + The prince was on board his first vessel, when the Earl of Oxford, and the + Colonel, afterwards the Duke of Marlborough, despatched by the King of + England, came to pay him a visit of compliment on behalf of that + sovereign. + </p> + <p> + The Duke of Villa-Hermosa, Spanish Governor of the Low Countries, paid him + the same compliment in the name of his master. + </p> + <p> + Both parties were given audience on this magnificent vessel, where M. de + Seignelay had raised a sort of throne of immense height. + </p> + <p> + (All this time Mademoiselle de Fontanges lay in her coffin, recovering + from her confinement.) + </p> + <p> + From Dunkirk the Court moved to Ypres, visiting all the places on the way, + and arrived at Lille in Flanders on the 1st of August. From Lille, where + the diversions lasted five or six days, they moved to Valenciennes, thence + to Condo, meeting everywhere with the same honours, the same tokens of + gladness. They returned to Sedan by Le Quenoy, Bouchain, Cambrai; and the + end of the month of August found the Court once more at Versailles. + </p> + <p> + I profited by this absence to go and breathe a little at my chateau of + Petit-Bourg, where I was accompanied by Mademoiselle de Blois, and the + young Comte de Toulouse; after which I betook myself to the mineral waters + of Bourbonne, for which I have a predilection. + </p> + <p> + On my return, the King related to me all these frivolous diversions of + frigates and vessels that I have just mentioned; but with as much fire as + if he had been but eighteen years old, and with the same cordiality as if + I might have taken part in amusements from which he had excluded me. + </p> + <p> + How is it that a clever man can forget the proprieties to such a degree, + and expose himself to the secret judgments which must be formed of him, in + spite of himself and however reluctantly? + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Duchesse d'Orleans.—The Duchesse de Richelieu.—An Epigram + of Madame de Maintenon.—An Epigram of the King to His Brother. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame la Dauphine brought into the world a son, christened Louis at the + font, to whom the King a few moments afterwards gave the title of the Duke + of Burgundy. We had become accustomed, little by little, to the face of + this Dauphine, who (thanks to the counsels and instruction of her lady in + waiting) adopted French manners promptly enough, succeeded in doing her + hair in a satisfactory manner, and in making an appearance which met with + general approval. Madame de Maintenon, for all her politeness and + forethought, never succeeded in pleasing her; and these two women, obliged + to see each other often from their relative positions, suffered martyrdom + when they met. + </p> + <p> + The King, who had noticed it, began by resenting it from his + daughter-in-law. The latter, proud and haughty, like all these petty + German royalties, thought herself too great a lady to give way. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon had, near the person of the young Bavarian, two + intermediaries of importance, who did not sing her praises from morn till + eve. The one was that Charlotte Elizabeth of Bavaria, whom I have already + described to the life, who, furious at her personal monstrousness, could + not as a rule forgive pretty women. The other was the Duchesse de + Richelieu, maid of honour to the Princess of Bavaria, once the protector + of Madame Scarron, and now her antagonist, probably out of jealousy. + </p> + <p> + These two acid tongues had taken possession of the Dauphine,—a + character naturally prone to jealousy,—and they permitted themselves + against the lady in waiting all the mockery and all the depreciation that + one can permit oneself against the absent. + </p> + <p> + Insinuations and abuse produced their effect so thoroughly that Madame de + Maintenon grew disgusted with the duties of her office, and with the + consent of the monarch she no longer appeared at the house of his + daughter-in-law, except on state and gala occasions. Madame de Richelieu + related to me one day the annoyance and mortification of the new Marquise. + </p> + <p> + "Madame d'Orleans came in one day," said she to me, "to Madame la + Dauphine, where Madame de Maintenon was. The Princess of the Palais Royal, + who does not put herself about, as every one knows, greeted only the + Dauphine and me. She spoke of her health, which is neither good nor bad, + and pretended that her gowns were growing too large for her, in proof that + she was going thin. 'I do not know,' she added, brusquely, 'what Madame + Scarron does; she is always the same.' + </p> + <p> + "The lady in waiting answered on the spot: 'Madame, no one finds you + changed, either, and it is always the same thing.' + </p> + <p> + "The half-polite, half-bantering tone of Madame de Maintenon nonplussed + the Palatine for the moment; she wished to demand an explanation from the + lady in waiting. She took up her muff, without making a courtesy, and + retired very swiftly." + </p> + <p> + "I am scarcely, fond of Madame de Maintenon," said I to Madame de + Richelieu, "but I like her answer exceedingly. Madame is one of those + great hermaphrodite bodies which the two sexes recognise and repulse at + the same time. She is an aggressive personage, whom her hideous face makes + one associate naturally, with mastiffs; she is surly, like them, and, like + them, she exposes herself to the blows of a stick. It makes very little + difference to me if she hears from you the portrait I have just made of + her; you can tell her, and I shall certainly not give you the lie." + </p> + <p> + Monsieur, having come some days afterwards to the King, complained of + Madame de Maintenon, who, he said, had given offence to his wife. + </p> + <p> + "You have just made a great mistake," said the King; "you who pride + yourself on speaking your tongue so well, and I am going to put you right. + This is how you ought rather to have expressed yourself: 'I complain of + Madame de Maintenon, who, by ambiguous words, has given offence, or wished + to give offence to my wife.'" + </p> + <p> + Monsieur made up his mind to laugh, and said no more of it. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Lauzun at Liberty.—His Conduct to His Wife.—Recovery + of Mademoiselle. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle, having by means of her donations to the Duc du Maine + obtained, at first, the release, and subsequently the entire liberty of + Lauzun, wished to go to meet him and to receive him in a superb carriage + with six horses. The King had her informed secretly that she should manage + matters with more moderation; and the King only spoke so because he was + better informed than any one of the ungrateful aversion of Lauzun to + Mademoiselle. No one wished to open her eyes, for she had refused to see; + time itself had to instruct her, and time, which wears wings, arrived at + that result quickly enough. + </p> + <p> + M. de Lauzun was, beyond gainsaying, a man of feeling and courage, but he + nourished in his heart a limitless ambition, and his head, subject to + whims and caprices, would not suffer him to follow methodically a fixed + plan of conduct. The King had just pardoned him as a favour to his cousin; + but, knowing him well, he was not at all fond of him. They had disposed of + his office of Captain of the Guards and of the other command of the 'Becs + de Corbins'. It was decided that Lauzun should not return to his + employment; but his Majesty charged Monsieur Colbert to make good to him + the amount and to add to it the arrears. + </p> + <p> + These different sums, added together, formed a capital of nine hundred and + eighty thousand francs, which was paid at once in notes on the treasury, + which were equal in value to ready cash. On news of this, he broke into + the most violent rage possible; he was tempted to throw these notes into + the fire. It was his offices which he wanted, and not these sums, with + which he could do nothing. + </p> + <p> + The King received him with an easy, kind air; he, always a flatterer with + his lips, cast himself ten times on his knees before the prince, and + gained nothing by all these demonstrations. He went to rejoin Mademoiselle + on the following day at Choisy, and dared to scold her for having + constructed and even bought this pretty pleasure-house. + </p> + <p> + "This must have cost treasures," said he. "Had you not parks and chateaus + enough? It would have been better to keep all these sums and give them to + me now." + </p> + <p> + After this exordium, he set himself to criticise the coiffure of the + Queen, on account of the coloured knots that he had remarked in it. + </p> + <p> + "But you mean, then, to satirise me personally," said the Princess to him, + "since you see my hair dressed in the same fashion, and I am older than my + cousin! + </p> + <p> + "What became of you on leaving the King?" she asked him. "I waited for you + till two hours after midnight." + </p> + <p> + "I went," said he, "to visit M. de Louvois, who is not my friend, and who + requires humouring; then to visit M. Colbert, who favours me." + </p> + <p> + "You ought to have seen Madame de Maintenon, I gave you that advice before + leaving you," she said; "it is to her, above all, that you owe your + liberty." + </p> + <p> + "But your Madame de Maintenon," he resumed, "is she, too, one of the + powers? Ah, my God! what a new geography since I left these regions ten + years ago!" + </p> + <p> + To avoid tete-a-tete, M. de Lauzun was always in a surly humour; he put + his left arm into a sling; he never ceased talking of his rheumatism and + his pains. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle learned, now from one person, now from another, that he was + dining to-day with one fair lady, to-morrow with another, and the next day + with a third. She finally understood that she was despised and tricked; + she showed one last generosity (out of pride) towards her former friend,—solicited + for him the title of Duke, and begged him, for the future, to arrange his + life to please himself, and to let her alone. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Lauzun took her at her word, and never forgave her for the + cession of the principalities of Dombes and Eu to M. le Duc du Maine; he + wanted them for himself. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Progress of Madame de Maintenon.—The Anonymous Letter. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Since the birth of Mademoiselle de Blois, and the death of Mademoiselle de + Fontanges, the King hardly ever saw me except a few minutes ceremoniously,—a + few minutes before and after supper. He showed himself always assiduous + with Madame de Maintenon, who, by her animated and unflagging talk, had + the very profitable secret of keeping him amused. Although equally clever, + I venture to flatter myself, in the art of manipulating speech, I could + not stoop to such condescensions. You cannot easily divert when you have a + heart and are sincere—a man who deserts you, who does not even take + the trouble to acknowledge it and excuse himself. + </p> + <p> + The Marquise sailed, then, on the open sea, with all sail set; whilst my + little barque did little more than tack about near the shore. One day I + received the following letter; it was in a pleasant and careful + handwriting, and orthography was observed with complete regularity, which + suggested that a man had been its writer, or its editor: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + The person who writes these lines, Madame la Marquise, sees you but + rarely, but is none the less attached to you. The advice which he is + going to give you in writing he would have made it a duty to come and + give you himself; he has been deterred by the fear either of appearing + to you indiscreet, or of finding you too deeply engrossed with + occupations, or with visitors, as is so often the case, in your own + apartments. + </p> + <p> + These visitors, this former affluence of greedy and interested hearts, + you will soon see revealed and diminishing; probably your eyes, which + are so alert, have already remarked this diminution. The monarch no + longer loves you; coolness and inconstancy are maladies of the human + heart. In the midst of the most splendid health, our King has for some + time past experienced this malady. + </p> + <p> + In your place, I should not wait to see myself repudiated. By whatever + outward respect such an injunction be accompanied, the bottom of the + cup is always the same, and the honey at the edge is but a weak + palliative. Being no ordinary woman by birth, do not terminate like an + ordinary actress your splendid and magnificent role on this great + stage. Know how to leave before the audience is weary; while they can + say, when they miss you from the scene, "She was still fine in her + role. It is a pity!" + </p> + <p> + Since a new taste or new caprice of the monarch has led his affections + away, know how to endure a fantasy which you have not the power to + remove. Despatch yourself with a good grace; and let the world believe + that sober reflections have come to you, and that you return, of your + own free will, into the paths of independence, of true glory, and of + honour. + </p> + <p> + Your position of superintendent with the Queen has been from the very + first almost a sinecure. Give up to Madame de Maintenon, or to any one + else, a dignity which is of no use to you, for which you will be paid + now its full value; which, later, is likely to cause you a sensible + disappointment; for that is always sold at a loss which must be sold + at a given moment. + </p> + <p> + Nature, so prodigal to you, Madame la Marquise, has not yet + deflowered, nor recalled in the least degree, those graces and + attractions which were lavished on you. Retire with the honours of + war. + </p> + <p> + Annoyance, vexation, irritation, do not make your veins flow with milk + and honey; you would lose upon the field of battle all those treasures + which it is in your power to save. + </p> + <p> + Adieu, madame. + </p> + <p> + This communication, though anonymous, is none the less benevolent. I + desire your peace and your happiness. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon at Loggerheads with Madame de Thianges.—The Mint + of the D'Aubigne Family.—Creme de Negresse, the Elixir of Long Life.—Ninon's + Secret for Beauty.—The King Would Remain Young or Become So.—Good-will + of Madame de Maintenon. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + This letter was not, in my eyes, a masterpiece, but neither was it from a + vulgar hand. For a moment I suspected Madame de Maintenon. She was named + in it, it is true, as though by the way, but her interest in it was easy + to discover, since the writer dared to try to induce me to sell her, to + give up to her, my superintendence. I communicated my suspicions to the + Marquise de Thianges. She said to me: "We must see her,—her face + expresses her emotions very clearly; she is not good at lying; we shall + easily extract her secret, and make her blush for her stratagem." + </p> + <p> + Ibrahim, faithful to his old friendship for me, had recently sent me + stuffs of Asia and essences of the seraglio, under the pretence of + politeness and as a remembrance. I wrote two lines to the Marquise, + engaging her to come and sacrifice half an hour to me to admire with me + these curiosities. Suspecting nothing, she came to my apartments, when she + accepted some perfumes, and found all these stuffs divine. My sister, + Madame de Thianges, said to her: + </p> + <p> + "Madame, I do not wish to be the last to congratulate you on that + boundless confidence and friendship that our Queen accords you. Assuredly, + no one deserves more than you this feeling of preference; it appears that + the princess is developing, and that, at last, she is taking a liking for + choice conversation and for wit." + </p> + <p> + "Madame," answered the lady in waiting, "her Majesty does not prefer me to + any one here. You are badly informed. She has the goodness to accord to me + a little confidence; and since she finds in me some facility in the + Spanish tongue, of which she wishes to remain the idolater all her life, + she loves to speak that tongue with me, catching me up when I go wrong + either in the pronunciation or the grammar, as she desires to be corrected + herself when she commits some offence against our French." + </p> + <p> + "You were born," added Madame de Thianges, "to work at the education of + kings. It is true that few governesses or tutors are as amiable. There is + a sound in your voice which goes straight to the heart; and what others + teach rudely or monotonously, you teach musically and almost singing. + Since the Queen loves your French and your Spanish, everything has been + said; you are indispensable to her. Things being so, I dare to propose to + you, Madame, a third occupation, which will suit you better than anything + else in the world, and which will complete the happiness of her Majesty. + </p> + <p> + "Here is Madame de Montespan, who is growing disgusted with grandeur, + after having recognised its emptiness, who is enthusiastically desiring to + go and enjoy her House of Saint Joseph, and wishes to get rid of her + superintendence forthwith, at any cost." + </p> + <p> + "What!" said Madame de Maintenon. Then to me, "You wish to sell your + office without having first assured yourself whether it be pleasing to the + King? It appears to me that you are not acting on this occasion with the + caution with which you are generally credited." + </p> + <p> + "What need has she of so many preliminary cautions," added the Marquise, + "if it is to you that she desires to sell it? Her choice guarantees the + consent of the princess; your name will make everything easy." + </p> + <p> + "I reason quite otherwise, Madame la Marquise," replied the former + governess of the princes; "the Queen may have her ideas. It is right and + fitting to find out first her intention and wishes." + </p> + <p> + "Madame, madame," said my sister then, "everything has been sufficiently + considered, and even approved of. You will be the purchaser; you desire to + buy, it is to you that one desires to sell." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon began to laugh, and besought the Marquise to believe + that she had neither the desire nor the money for that object. + </p> + <p> + "Money," answered my sister, "will cause you no trouble on this occasion. + Money has been coined in pour family." + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Constant d'Aubigne, father of Madame de Maintenon, in his wild youth, + was said to have taken refuge in a den of comers.—Ed. Note] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, profoundly moved, said to the Marquise: + </p> + <p> + "I thought, madame, that I had come to see Madame de Montespan, to look at + her stuffs from the seraglio, and not to receive insults. All your teasing + affects me, because up to to-day I believed in your kindly feeling. It has + been made clear to me now that I must put up with this loss; but, whatever + be your injustice towards me, I will not depart from my customs or from my + element. The superintendence of the Queen's Council is for sale, or it is + not; either way, it is all the same to me. I have never made any claim to + this office, and I never shall." + </p> + <p> + These words, of which I perceived the sincerity, touched me. I made some + trifling excuses to the lady in waiting, and, tired of all these + insignificant mysteries, I went and took the anonymous letter from my + bureau and showed it to the governess. + </p> + <p> + She read it thoughtfully. After having read it, she assured me that this + script was a riddle to her. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, on leaving us, made quite a deep courtesy to my + sister, which caused me pain, preserving an icy gravity and exaggerating + her salutation and her courtesy. + </p> + <p> + When we were alone, I confessed to the Marquise de Thianges that her words + had passed all bounds, and that she could have reached her end by other + means. + </p> + <p> + "I cannot endure that woman," she answered. "She knows that you have made + her, that without you she would be languishing still in her little + apartment in the Maree; and when for more than a year she sees you + neglected by the King and almost deserted, she abandons you to your + destiny, and does not condescend to offer you any consolation. I have + mortified her; I do not repent of it in the least, and every time that I + come across her I shall permit myself that gratification. + </p> + <p> + "What is she thinking of at her age; with her pretensions to a fine + figure, an ethereal carriage, and beauty? And yet it must be admitted that + her complexion is not made up. She has the sheen of the lily mingled with + that of the rose, and her eyes exhibit a smiling vivacity which leaves our + great coquettes of the day far behind!" + </p> + <p> + "She is nature unadorned as far as her complexion goes, believe me," said + I to my sister. "During my constant journeys she has always slept at my + side, and her face at waking has always been as at noon and all day long. + She related to us once at the Marechale d'Albret's, where I knew her, that + at Martinique—that distant country which was her cradle—an + ancient negress, well preserved and robust, had been kind enough to take + her into her dwelling. This woman led her one day into the woods. She + stripped of its bark some shrub, after having sought it a long time. She + grated this bark and mixed it with the juice of chosen herbs. She wrapped + up all this concoction in half a banana skin, and gave the specific to the + little D'Aubigne. + </p> + <p> + "This mess having no nasty taste, the little girl consented to return + fifteen or twenty times into the grove, where her negress carefully + composed and served up to her the same feast. + </p> + <p> + "'Why do you care to give me this green paste?' the young creole asked her + one day. + </p> + <p> + "The old woman said: 'My dear child, I cannot wait till you have enough + sense to learn to understand these plants, for I love you as if you were + my own daughter, and I want to leave you a secret which will cause you to + live a long time. Though I look as I do, I am 138 years old already. I am + the oldest person in the colony, and this paste that I make for you has + preserved my strength and my freshness. It will produce the same effect on + my dear little girl, and will keep her young and pretty too for a long + time.' + </p> + <p> + "This negress, unhappily, fell asleep one day under a wild pear-tree in + the Savannah, and a crocodile came out of the river hard by and devoured + her." + </p> + <p> + "I have heard tell," replied my sister, "that Mademoiselle d'Aubigne, + after the death of her mother, or husband, was bound by the ties of a + close friendship with Ninon de l'Enclos, whose beauty made such a + sensation among the gallants, and still occupies them. + </p> + <p> + "One was assured, you know, that Ninon possesses a potion, and that in her + generosity to her friend, the fair Indian, she lent her her phial of + elixir." + </p> + <p> + "No, no," said I to the Marquise, "that piece of gallantry of Ninon is + only a myth; it is the composition of Martinique, or of the negress, which + is the real recipe of Madame de Maintenon. She talked of it one day, when + I was present, in the King's carriage. His Majesty said to her: 'I am + astonished that, with your natural intelligence, you have not kept in your + mind the nature of this Indian shrub and herbs; with such a secret you + would be able to-day to make many happy, and there are some kings, who, to + grow young again, would give you half their empire.' + </p> + <p> + "'I am not a worshipper of riches,' said this mistress of talk; 'bad kings + might offer me all the treasures and crowns they liked, and I would not + make them young again.' + </p> + <p> + "'And me, madame,' said the prince, 'would you consent to make me young + again?' + </p> + <p> + "'You will not need it for a long time,' she replied, cleverly, with a + smile; 'but when the moment comes, or is near, I should set about it with + zeal.' + </p> + <p> + "The whole carriage applauded this reply, and the King took the hand of + the Marquise and insisted on kissing it." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Casket of M. de Lauzun.—His Historical Gallery.—He Makes + Some Nuns.—M. de Lauzun in the Lottery.—The Loser Wins.—Queen + out of Pique.—Letter from the Queen of Portugal.—The + Ingratitude of M. de Lauzun. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Twice during the captivity of M. de Lauzun the Queen of Portugal had + charged her ambassador to carry to the King that young sovereign's + solicitations in favour of the disgraced gentleman. Each time the + negotiators had been answered with vague and ambiguous words; with those + promises which potentates are not chary of, even between themselves, and + which we poor mortals of the second rank call Court holy water. These + exertions of the Court of Lisbon were speedily discovered, and it then + became known how many women of high degree M. de Peguilain had the honour + of fluttering. The officer of D'Artagnan, who had the task of seizing his + papers when he was arrested to be taken to Pignerol, was obliged, in the + course of his duty, to open a rather large casket, where he found the + portraits of more than sixty women, of whom the greater number lived + almost in the odour of sanctity. There were descriptive or biographical + notes upon all these heroines, and correspondence to match. His Majesty + had cognisance of it, and forbade the publication of the names. But the + Marquis d'Artagnan and his subordinate officer committed some almost + inevitable indiscretions, and all these ladies found their names public + property. Several of them, who were either widows or young ladies, retired + into convents, not daring to show their faces in the light of day. + </p> + <p> + The Queen of Portugal, before this scandal, had passionately loved the + Marquis de Lauzun. She was then called Mademoiselle d'Aumale, and her + sister who was soon afterwards Duchess of Savoy was called at Paris + Mademoiselle de Nemours. These two princesses, after having exchanged + confidences and confessions, were astonished and grieved to find + themselves antagonists and rivals. Happily they had a saving wit, both of + them, and made a treaty of peace, by which it was recognised and agreed + that, since their patrimony was small, it should be neither divided nor + drawn upon, in order that it might make of M. de Lauzun, when he came to + marry, a rich man and a great lord. The two rivals, in the excess of their + love, stipulated that this indivisible inheritance should be drawn for by + lot, that the victorious number should have M. de Lauzun thrown in, and + that the losing number should go and bury herself in a convent. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle d'Aumale—that is to say, the pretty blonde—won M. + de Lauzun; but he, being bizarre in his tastes, and who only had a fancy + for the brunette (the less charming of the two), went and besought the + King to refuse his consent. + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle d'Aumale thought of dying of grief and pique, and, as a + consequence of her despair, listened to the proposals of the King of + Portugal, and consented to take a crown. + </p> + <p> + The disgrace and imprisonment of her old friend having reached her ear, + this princess gave him the honour of her tears, although she had two + husbands alive. Twice she had solicited his liberty, which was certainly + not granted in answer to her prayers. + </p> + <p> + When she learned of the release of the prisoner, she showed her joy + publicly at it, in the middle of her Court; wrote her congratulations upon + it to Mademoiselle, apparently to annoy her, and, a few days afterwards, + indited with her own hand the letter you are going to read, addressed to + the King, which was variously criticised. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + TO HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF FRANCE. + </p> + <p> + BROTHER:—Kings owe one another no account of their motives of + action, especially when their authority falls heavily upon the + officers of their own palace, till then invested with their confidence + and overwhelmed with the tokens of their kindness. The disgrace of the + Marquis de Lauzun can only appear in my eyes an act of justice, coming + as it does from the justest of sovereigns. So I confined myself in the + past to soliciting for this lord—gifted with all the talents, + with bravery and merit—your Majesty's pity and indulgence. He + owed later the end of his suffering, not to my instances, but to your + magnanimity. I rejoice at the change in his destiny, and I have + charged my ambassador at your Court to express my sincere + participation in it. To-day, Sire, I beg you to accept my thanks. M. + de Lauzun, so they assure me, has not been restored to his offices, + and though still young, does not obtain employment in his country, + where men of feeling and of talent are innumerable. Allow us, Sire, to + summon this exceptional gentleman to my State, where French officers + win easily the kindly feelings of my nobles, accustomed as they are to + cherish all that is born in your illustrious Empire. I will give M. de + Lauzun a command worthy of him, worthy of me,—a command that + will enable him to render lasting and essential services to my Crown + and to yours. Do not refuse me this favour, which does not at all + impoverish your armies, and which may be of use to a kingdom of which + you are the protector and the friend. Accept, Sire, etc. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + I did not see the answer which was vouchsafed to this singular letter; the + King did not judge me worthy to enjoy such confidence that he had made no + difficulty in granting to me formerly; but he confided in Madame de + Maintenon, and even charged her to obtain the opinion of Mademoiselle + touching this matter, and Mademoiselle, who never hid aught from me, + brought the details of it to my country-house. + </p> + <p> + This Princess, now enlightened as to the falseness of Monsieur de Lauzun, + entreated the King to give up this gentleman to the blond Queen, or to + give him a command himself. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Lauzun, having learnt the steps taken by the Queen of + Portugal, whom he had never been able to endure, grew violently angry, and + said in twenty houses that he had not come out of one prison to throw + himself into another. + </p> + <p> + These were all the thanks the Queen got for her efforts; and, like + Mademoiselle de Montpensier, she detested, with all her soul, the man she + had loved with all her heart. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Lauzun was one of the handsomest men in the world; but his + character spoiled everything. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Nephews, the Nieces, the Cousins and the Brother of Madame de + Maintenon.—The King's Debut.—The Marshal's Silver Staff. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The family of Madame de Maintenon had not only neglected but despised her + when she was poor and living on her pension of two thousand francs. Since + my protection and favour had brought her into contact with the sun that + gives life to all things, and this radiant star had shed on-her his own + proper rays and light, all her relatives in the direct, oblique, and + collateral line had remembered her, and one saw no one but them in her + antechambers, in her chamber, and at Court. + </p> + <p> + Some of them were not examples of deportment and good breeding; they were + gentlemen who had spent all their lives in little castles in Angoumois and + Poitou, a kind of noble ploughmen, who had only their silver swords to + distinguish them from their vine-growers and herds. Others, to be just, + honoured the new position of the Marquise; and amongst those I must place + first the Marquis de Langallerie and the two sons of the Marquis de + Villette, his cousin, german. The Abbe d'Aubigne, whom she had discovered + obscurely hidden among the priests of Saint Sulpice, she had herself + presented to the King, who had discovered in him the air of an apostle, + and then to Pere de la Chaise, who had hastened to make him Archbishop of + Rouen, reserving for him 'in petto' the cardinal's hat, if the favour of + the lady in waiting was maintained. + </p> + <p> + Among her lady relatives who had come from the provinces at the rumour of + this favour, the Marquise distinguished and exhibited with satisfaction + the three Mademoiselles de Sainte Hermine, the daughters of a Villette, if + I am not mistaken, and pretty and graceful all three of them. She had also + brought to her Court, and more particularly attached to her person, a very + pretty child, only daughter of the Marquis de Villette, and sister, + consequently, of the Comte and of the Chevalier de Villette, whom I have + previously mentioned. This swarm of nephews, cousins, and nieces garnished + the armchairs and sofas of her chamber. They served as comrades and + playfellows to the legitimate princes and as pages of honour to my + daughter; and when the carriage of the Marquise came into the country for + her drives, the whole of this pretty colony formed a train and court for + her,—a proof of her credit. + </p> + <p> + The Marquise had a brother, her elder by four or five years, to whom she + was greatly attached, judging from what we heard her say, and to promote + whom we saw her work from the very first. This brother, who was called Le + Comte d'Aubigne, lacked neither charm nor grace. He even assumed, when he + wished, an excellent manner; but this cavalier, his own master from his + childhood, knew no other law but his own pleasures and desires. He had + made people talk about him in his earliest youth; he awoke the same buzz + of scandal now that he was fifty. Madame de Maintenon, hoping to reform + him, and wishing to constrain him to beget them an heir, made him consent + to the bonds of marriage. She had just discovered a very pretty heiress of + very good family, when he married secretly the daughter of a mere + 'procureur du roi'. The lady in waiting, being unable to undo what had + been done, submitted to this unequal alliance; and as her sister-in-law, + ennobled by her husband, was none the less a countess, she, too, was + presented. + </p> + <p> + The young person, aged fifteen at the most, was naturally very bashful. + When she found herself in this vast hall, between a double row of persons + of importance, whose fixed gaze never left her, she forgot all the bows, + all the elaborate courtesies,—in fine, all the difficult procedure + of a formal presentation, that her sister-in-law and dancing-masters had + been making her rehearse for twenty days past. + </p> + <p> + The child lost her head, and burst into tears. The King took compassion on + her, and despatched the Comtesse de Merinville to go and act as her guide + or mistress. Supported by this guardian angel, Madame d'Aubigne gained + heart; she went through her pausing, her interrupted courtesies, to the + end, and came in fairly good countenance to the King's chair, who smiled + encouragement upon her. While these things were taking place in the + gallery, Madame de Maintenon, in despair, her eyes full of tears, had to + make an effort not to weep. With that wit of which she is so proud, she + should have been the first to laugh at this piece of childishness, which + was not particularly new. The embarrassment, the torture in which I saw + her, filled me with a strong desire to laugh. It was noticed; it was held + a crime; and his Majesty himself was kind enough to scold me for it. + </p> + <p> + "I felt the same embarrassment," he said to us, "the first time Monsieur + le Cardinal desired to put me forward. It was a question of receiving an + ambassador, and of making a short reply to his ceremonial address. I knew + my reply by heart; it was not more than eight or ten lines at the most. I + was repeating it every minute while at play, for five or six days. When it + was necessary to perform in person before this throng, my childish memory + was confused. All my part was forgotten in my fear, and I could only utter + these words: 'Your address, Monsieur Ambassadeur,—Monsieur + l'Ambassadeur, your address.' My mother, the Queen, grew very red, and was + as confused as I was. But my godfather, the Cardinal, finished this reply + for me, which he had composed himself, and was pleased to see me out of + the difficulty." + </p> + <p> + This anecdote, evidently related to console the Marquise, filled her with + gratitude. They spoke of nothing else at Versailles for two days; after + which, Madame la Comtesse d'Aubigne became, in her turn, a woman of + experience, who judged the new debutantes severely, perhaps, every time + that the occasion arose. + </p> + <p> + The Comte d'Aubigne passed from an inferior government to a government of + some importance. He made himself beloved by endorsing a thousand petitions + destined for his sister, the monarch's friend; but his immoderate + expenditure caused him to contract debts that his sister would only pay + five or six times. + </p> + <p> + The Duc de Vivonne, my brother, laughed at him in society; he unceasingly + outraged by his clumsiness his sister's sense of discretion. One day, in a + gaming-house, seeing the table covered with gold, the Marshal exclaimed at + the door: "I will wager that D'Aubigne is here, and makes all this + display; it is a magnificence worthy of him." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, truly," said the brother of the favourite; "I have received my + silver staff, you see!" That was an uncouth impertinence, for assuredly M. + de Vivonne had not owed this dignity to my favour. The siege of Candia, + and a thousand other distinguished actions, in which he had immortalised + himself, called him to this exalted position, which I dare to say he has + even rendered illustrious. + </p> + <p> + The Comte d'Aubigne's saying was no less successful on that account, and + his sister, who did not approve at all of this scandalous scene, had the + good sense to condemn her most ridiculous gamester, and to make excuses + for him to my brother and me. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Political Intrigue in Hungary.—Dignity of the King of the Romans.—The + Good Appearance of a German Prince.—The Turks at Vienna.—The + Duc de Lorraine.—The King of Rome. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Whatever the conduct of the King may have been towards me, I do not write + out of resentment or to avenge myself. But in the midst of the peace which + the leisure that he has given me leaves me, I feel some satisfaction in + inditing the memoirs of my life, which was attached to his so closely, and + wish to relate with sincerity the things I have seen. What would be the + use of memoirs from which sincerity were absent? Whom could they inspire + with a desire of reading them? + </p> + <p> + The King was born profoundly ambitious. All the actions of his public life + bore witness to it. It would be useless for him to rebut the charge; all + his aims, all his political work, all his sieges, all his battles, all his + bloody exploits prove it. He had robbed the Emperor of an immense quantity + of towns and territories in succession. The greatness of the House of + Austria irritated him. He had begun by weakening it in order to dominate + it; and, in bringing it under his sway, he hoped to draw to himself the + respect and submission of the Germanic Electoral body, and cause the + Imperial Crown to pass to his house, as soon as the occasion should + present itself. + </p> + <p> + We had often heard him say: "Monseigneur has all the good appearance of a + German prince." This singular compliment, this praise, was not without + motive. The King wished that this opinion and this portrait should go + straight into Germany, and create there a kind of naturalisation and + adoption for his son. + </p> + <p> + He had resolved to have him elected and proclaimed King of the Romans, a + dignity which opens, as one knows, the road to the imperial greatness. To + attain this result, his Majesty, seconded perfectly by his minister, + Louvois, employed the following means. + </p> + <p> + By his order M. de Louvois sent the Comte de Nointel to Vienna, at the + moment when that Power was working to extend the twenty years' truce + concluded by Hungary with the Sultan. The French envoy promised secretly + his adhesion to the Turks; and the latter, delighted at the intervention + of the French, became so overbearing towards the Imperial Crown that that + Power was reduced to refusing too severe conditions. + </p> + <p> + Sustained by the insinuations and the promises of France, the Sultan + demanded that Hungary should be left in the state in which it was in 1655; + that henceforward that kingdom should pay him an annual tribute of fifty + thousand florins; that the fortifications of Leopoldstadt and Gratz should + be destroyed; that the chief of the revolted towns—Nitria, Eckof, + the Island of Schutt, and the fort of Murann, at Tekelai—should be + ceded; that there should be a general amnesty and restitution of their + estates, dignities, offices, and privileges without restriction. + </p> + <p> + By this the infidels would have found themselves masters of the whole of + Hungary, and would have been able to come to the very gates of Vienna, + without fear of military commanders or of the Emperor. It was obvious that + they were only seeking a pretext for a quarrel, and that at the suggestion + of France, which was quite disposed to profit by the occasion. + </p> + <p> + The Sultan knew very little of our King. The latter had his army ready; + his plan was to enter, or rather to fall upon, the imperial territories, + when the consternation and the danger in them should be at their height; + and then he counted on turning to his advantage the good-will of the + German princes, who, to be extricated from their difficulty, would not + fail to offer to himself, as liberator, the Imperial Crown, or, at least, + the dignity of King of the Romans and Vicar of the Empire to his son, + Monseigneur le Dauphin. + </p> + <p> + In effect, hostilities had hardly commenced on the part of the Turks, + hardly had their first successes, struck terror into the heart of the + German Empire, when the King, the real political author of these + disasters, proposed to the German Emperor to intervene suddenly, as + auxiliary, and even to restore Lorraine to him, and his new conquests, on + condition that the dignity of the King of the Romans should be bestowed on + his son. France, this election once proclaimed, engaged herself to bring + an army of 60,000 men, nominally of the King of the Romans, into Hungary, + to drive out utterly the common enemy. German officers would be admitted, + like French, into this Roman army; and more, the King of France and the + new King of the Romans engaged themselves to set back the imperial + frontiers on that side as far as Belgrade, or Weissembourg in Greece. A + powerful fleet was to appear in the Mediterranean to support these + operations; and the King, wishing to crown his generosity, offered to + renounce forever the ancient possessions, and all the rights of + Charlemagne, his acknowledged forefather or ancestor. + </p> + <p> + Whilst these dreams of ambition were being seriously presented to the + unhappy Imperial Court of Vienna, the Turks, to the number of 300,000 men, + had swept across Hungary like a torrent. They arrived before the capital + of the Empire of Germany just at the moment when the Court had left it. + They immediately invested this panic-stricken town, and the inhabitants of + Vienna believed themselves lost. But the young Duc de Lorraine, our King's + implacable enemy, had left the capital in the best condition and pitched + outside Vienna, in a position from which he could severely harass the + besieging Turks. + </p> + <p> + He tormented them, he raided them, while he waited for the saving + reinforcements which were to be brought up by the King of Poland, and the + natural allies of the Empire. This succour arrived at last, and after four + or five combats, well directed and most bloody, they threw the Ottomans + into disorder. The Duc de Lorraine immortalised himself during this + brilliant campaign, which he finished by annihilating the Turks near + Barkan. + </p> + <p> + France had remained in a state of inaction in the midst of all these great + events. I saw the discomfiture of our ministers and the King when the + success of the Imperialists reached them. But the time had passed when my + affections and those of my master were akin. Free from henceforth to + follow the impulses of my conscience and of my sense of justice, I + rejoiced sincerely at the great qualities of the poor Duc de Lorraine, and + at the humiliation of the cruel Turks, who had been so misled. + </p> + <p> + The elective princes of the Germanic Empire once more rallied round their + august head, and disavowed almost all their secret communications with the + Cabinet of Versailles. The Emperor, having escaped from these great + perils, addressed some noble and touching complaints to our monarch; and + Monseigneur was not elected King of the Romans,—a disappointment + which he hardly noticed, and by which he was very little disturbed. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Prince of Orange.—The Orange Coach.—The Bowls of Oranges.—The + Orange Blossoms.—The Town of Orange.—Jesuits of Orange.—Revocation + of the Edict of Nantes. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The King, by the last peace, signed at Nimegue, had engaged to restore the + Principality of Orange to William, Stadtholder and Generalissimo of the + Dutch. This article was one of those which he had found most repugnant to + him, for nothing can be compared with the profound aversion which the mere + name inspired in the monarch. He pushed this hatred so far that, having + one day noticed from the heights of his balcony a superb new equipage, of + which the body was painted with orange-coloured varnish, he sent and asked + the name of the owner; and, on their reporting to him that this coach + belonged to a provincial intendant, a relative of the Chancellor, his + Majesty said, the same evening, to the magistrate-minister: "Your relative + ought to show more discretion in the choice of the colours he displays." + </p> + <p> + This coach appeared no more, and the silk and cloth mercers had their + stuffs redyed. + </p> + <p> + Another day, at the high table, the King, seeing four bowls of big oranges + brought in, said aloud before the public: "Take away that fruit, which has + nothing in its favour but its look. There is nothing more dangerous or + unhealthy." + </p> + <p> + On the morrow these words spread through the capital, and the courtiers + dared eat oranges only privately and in secret. + </p> + <p> + As for me, with my love for the scent of orange blossoms, the monarch's + petulance once more affected me extremely. I was obliged for some time to + give it up, like the others, and take to amber, the favourite scent of my + master, which my nerves could not endure. + </p> + <p> + Before surrendering the town of Orange to the commissioners of the kinglet + of the Dutch, the King of France had the walls thrown down, all the + fortifications razed, and the public buildings, certain convents, and the + library of the town stripped of their works of art. These measures + irritated Prince William, who, on that account alone, wished to recommence + the war; but the Emperor and the allies heard his complaints with little + attention. They even besought him to leave things as they were. M. + d'Orange is a real firebrand; he could not endure the severities of the + King without reprisals, and no sooner was he once more in possession of + his little isolated sovereignty than he annoyed the Catholics in it, + caused all possible alarms to the sisters of mercy and nuns, imposed + enormous taxes on the monks, and drove out the Jesuits with unheard-of + insults. + </p> + <p> + The King received hospitably all these humiliated or persecuted folk; and + as he was given to understand that the Orange Protestants were secretly + sowing discontent amongst his Calvinists and French Lutherans, he prepared + the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, the famous political measure the + abrogation of which took place a short time afterwards. + </p> + <p> + I saw, in the hands of the King, a document of sixty pages, printed at + Orange, after its restitution, in which it was clearly specified that Hugh + Capet had set himself on the throne irregularly, and in which the author + went to the point of saying that the Catholic religion was only an + idolatry, and that the peoples would only be happy and free after the + general introduction of the Reformation. The Marechal de Vivonne came and + told me, in strict confidence, that the Jesuits, out of resentment, had + forged this document, and printed the pamphlet themselves; but M. de + Louvois, who, through his father, the Chancellor, and his brother, the + Archbishop of Rheims, was associated with them, maintained that the + incendiary libel was really the work of the Protestants. + </p> + <p> + My residence at the Court having opened my eyes sufficiently to the + wickedness of men, I will not give my opinion, amid these angry charges + and recriminations. I confine myself to relating what I have seen. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Sickness.—Death of the Queen.—Her Last Words.—The King's + Affliction.—His Saying.—Second Anonymous Letter.—Conversation + with La Dauphine.—Madame de Maintenon Intervenes. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + While the Turks and the Imperialists were fighting in the plains of + Hungary, the King, followed by all his Court, had made his way towards the + frontiers of Alsace. He reviewed countless battalions, he made promotions, + and gave brilliant repasts and fetes. + </p> + <p> + The season was a little trying, and the Queen, though born in Spain, did + not accommodate herself to the June heat. As soon as business permitted + they took the road to the capital, and returned to Versailles with some + speed. + </p> + <p> + Scarcely had they arrived, when the Queen fell ill; it did not deserve the + name of sickness. It was only an indisposition, pure and simple,—an + abscess in the armpit; that was all. Fagon, the boldest and most audacious + of all who ever exercised the art of AEsculapius, decided that, to lessen + the running, it was necessary to draw the blood to another quarter. In + spite of the opinion of his colleagues, he ordered her to be bled, and all + her blood rushed to her heart. In a short time the princess grew worse in + an alarming fashion, and in a few moments we heard that she was in her + death-agony; in a few moments more we heard of her death. + </p> + <p> + The King wept bitterly at first, as we had seen him weep for Marie de + Mancini, Louise de la Valliere, Henrietta of England, and the Duchesse de + Fontanges,—dead of his excesses. He set out at once for the Chateau + of Saint Cloud, which belonged to his brother; and Monsieur, wishing to + leave the field clear for him, went away to the Palais Royal with his + disagreeable wife and their numerous children. + </p> + <p> + His Majesty returned two days afterwards to the Chateau of Versailles, + where he, his son, and all the family sprinkled holy water over the + deceased; and this little ceremony being finished, they regained in + silence the Chateau of Saint Cloud. + </p> + <p> + The aspect of that gloomy Salon of Peace, converted into a catafalque; the + sight of that small bier, on which a beautiful, good, and indulgent wife + was reposing; those silent images, so full of speech, awoke the just + remorse of the King. His tears began once more to flow abundantly, and he + was heard to say these words: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + "Dear, kind friend, this is the first grief you have caused me in + twenty years!" + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The Infanta, as I have already related, had granted in these latter days + her entire confidence and affection to her daughter-in-law's lady in + waiting. Finding herself sick and in danger, she summoned Madame de + Maintenon; and understanding soon that those famous Court physicians did + not know how ill she was, and that she was drawing near her last hour, she + begged this woman, so ready in all things, to leave her no more, and to be + good enough to prepare her for death. + </p> + <p> + The Marquise wept bitterly, and perhaps even sincerely; for being unable + to foresee, at that period, all that was to befall her in the issue, she + probably entertained the hope of attaching herself for good to this + excellent princess. In losing her, she foresaw, or feared, if not + adversity, at least a decline. + </p> + <p> + The King was courting her, it is true, and favouring her already with + marked respect; but Francoise d'Aubigne,—thoughtful and meditative + as I knew her to be, could certainly not have failed to appreciate the + voluptuous and inconstant character of the monarch. She had seen several + notorious friendships collapse in succession; and it is not at the age of + forty-six or forty-seven that one can build castles in Spain to dwell in + with young love. + </p> + <p> + The Queen, before the beginning of her death agony, herself drew a + splendid ring from her finger, and would pass it over the finger of the + Marquise, to whom, some months before, she had already given her portrait. + It was asserted that her last words were these: "Adieu, my dearest + Marquise; to you I recommend and confide the King." + </p> + <p> + In accordance with a recommendation so binding and so precise, Madame de + Maintenon followed the monarch to Saint Cloud; and as great afflictions + are fain to be understood and shared, these two desolate hearts shut + themselves up in one room, in order to groan in concert. + </p> + <p> + The Queen having been taken to Saint Denis, the King, Madame de Maintenon, + and the Court returned to Versailles, where the royal family went into + mourning for the period prescribed by law and custom. + </p> + <p> + The Queen's large and small apartments, so handsome, new, splendid, and + magnificent, became the habitation of Madame la Dauphine; so that the lady + in waiting, in virtue of her office, returned in the most natural manner + to those apartments where she had held authority. + </p> + <p> + The Queen, without having the genius of conversation and discussion, + lacked neither aplomb nor a taste for the proprieties; she knew how to + support, or, at least, to preside over a circle. The young Dauphine had + neither the desire, nor the patience, nor, the tact. + </p> + <p> + The prince charged the lady in waiting to do these things for her. We + repaired in full dress to the Princess,—to present our homages to + Madame de Maintenon. One must admit she threw her heart into it; that is + to say, she drew out, as far as possible, the monarch's daughter-in-law, + inspiring into her every moment amiable questions or answers, which she + had taken pains to embellish and adorn in her best manner. + </p> + <p> + The King arrived; I then had the pleasure of seeing him, not two paces + from me, before my very eyes, saying witty and agreeable things to the + Marquise; while he talked to me only of the rain and the weather, always + cursorily. + </p> + <p> + It was then that I received a second anonymous letter, in the same + handwriting, the same style, the same tone as that of which mention has + been made. I transcribe it; it is curious. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + TO MADAME LA MARQUISE DE MONTESPAN. + </p> + <p> + MADAME:—You have not followed my former advice. The opportunity + has gone by; it is too late. Your superintendence is left with you, + and there are four or five hundred thousand livres lying idle; for you + will not be able to sell the superintendence of a household, and of a + council, which are in a tomb at Saint Denis! Happily you are rich, and + what would be a disaster to another fortune is scarcely more than a + slight disappointment to you. I take the respectful liberty of talking + once more with the prettiest and wittiest woman of her century, in + order to submit to her certain ideas, and to offer her a fresh piece + of advice, which I believe important. + </p> + <p> + The Queen, moved by a generosity seldom found in her peers, pardoned + you to some degree your theft of her spouse; she pardoned you in order + to be agreeable to him, and to prove to him that, being his most + sincere friend, she could not bring herself to contest his affections + and his pastimes. But this sublime philosophy is at an end; the + excellent heart of this Queen is at Val-de-Grace; it will beat no + more, neither for her volatile husband, nor for any one whatsoever. + </p> + <p> + Madame la Dauphine, brought up in German severity, and hardly + accustomed to the atmosphere of her new country, neither likes nor + respects you, nor has any indulgence for you. She barely suffers the + presence of your children, although brothers of her husband. How + should she tolerate yours? It appears, it is plain, Madame la + Marquise, that your name has found no place or footing on her list, + and that she would rather not meet you often in her salons. If one may + even speak to you confidentially, she has thus expressed herself; it + would be cruel for you to hear of it from any other being but me. + </p> + <p> + Believe me, believe a man as noted for his good qualities as for his + weaknesses. He will never drive you away, for you are the mother of + his beloved children, and he has loved you himself tenderly. However, + his coldness is going to increase. Will you be sufficiently + light-hearted, or sufficiently imprudent, to await on a counterscarp + the rigours of December and January? + </p> + <p> + Keep your wit always, Madame la Marquise, and with this wit, which is + such a charming resource, do not divest yourself of your noble pride. + </p> + <p> + I am, always, your respectful and devoted servant, + </p> + <p> + THE UNKNOWN OF THE CHATEAU. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + At the time of the first letter, when I had hesitated some time, doubtful + between Madame de Maintenon and the King, it occurred to me to suspect the + Queen for a moment; but there was no possibility now of imputing to this + princess, dead and gone, the unbecoming annoyance that an unknown + permitted himself to cause me. + </p> + <p> + On this occasion I chose my part resolutely; and, not wishing to busy + myself any longer with these pretended friendly counsels which my pride + forbade me to follow, I took these two insolent letters and burned them. + This last letter, after all, spoke very truly. I remarked distinctly, in + the looks and manner of the Dauphine, that ridiculous and clumsy animosity + which she had taken a fancy to lavish on me. + </p> + <p> + As she was not, in my eyes, so sublime a personage that a lady of quality + might not enter into conversation with her, I approached her armchair with + the intention of upsetting her haughtiness and pride by compelling her to + speak to me before everybody. + </p> + <p> + I complimented her on her coiffure, and even thanked her for the honour + she did me in imitating me; she reddened, and I entreated her not to put + herself about, assuring her that her face looked much better in its + habitual pallor. These words redoubled her dissatisfaction, and her + redness then became a veritable scarlet flame. + </p> + <p> + Passing forthwith to another subject, I pronounced in a few words a + panegyric on the late Queen; to which I skilfully added that, from the + first day, she had been able to understand the French graces and assume + them with intelligence and taste. + </p> + <p> + "Her Spanish accent troubled her for a year or two longer," added I; + "strictly speaking, this accent, derived from the Italian, has nothing + disagreeable in it; while the English, Polish, Russian, and German accent + is inharmonious in itself, and is lost with great difficulty here." + </p> + <p> + Seeing that my reflections irritated her, I stopped short, and made my + excuses by saying to her, "Madame, these are only general reflections. + Your Highness is an exception, and has struck us all, as you have nothing + German left but memories, and, perhaps, regrets." + </p> + <p> + She answered me, stammering, that she had not been destined in the first + place for the throne of France, and that this want of forethought had + injured her education; then, feeling a spark of courage in her heart, she + said that the late Queen had more than once confided to her that the Court + of France was disorderly in its fashions, because it was never the + princesses who gave it its tone as elsewhere. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon perceived quickly the consequences of this saying; for + the peace of the Princess, she retorted quickly: "In France, the + princesses are so kind and obliging as to follow the fashions; but the + good examples and good tone come to us from our princes, and our only + merit is to imitate them with ingenuity." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXIX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Judgment Given by the Chatelet.—The Marquis d'Antin Restored to His + Father.—The Judgment is Not Executed.—Full Mourning.—Funeral + Service.—The Notary of Saint Elig.—The Lettre de Cachet. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The Marquis d'Antin, my son, with the consent of the King, had remained + under my control, and had never consented to quit me to rejoin his father. + M. de Montespan, at the time of the suit for judicial separation before + the Chatelet, had caused his advocate to maintain this barbarous argument, + that a son, though brought into the world by his mother, ought to side + against her if domestic storms arise, and prefer to everybody and + everything the man whose arms and name he bears. + </p> + <p> + The tribunal of the Chatelet, trampling upon maternal tenderness and + humanity, granted his claim in full; and I was advised not to appeal, now + that I had obtained the thing essential to me, a separation in body and + estate. + </p> + <p> + M. de Montespan dared not come himself to Paris in order to execute the + sentence; he sent for that purpose two officers of artillery, his friends + or relatives, who were authorised to see the young Marquis at his college, + but not to withdraw him before the close of his humanities and classes. + These gentlemen, having sent word to the father that the young D'Antin was + my living image, he replied to them, that they were to insist no longer, + to abandon their mission, and to abandon a child who would never enjoy his + favour since he resembled myself. Owing to this happy circumstance I was + able to preserve my son. + </p> + <p> + Since these unhappy disputes, and the suit which made so much noise, I had + heard no more talk of M. de Montespan in society. I only learned from + travellers that he was building, a short distance from the Pyrenees, a + chateau of a noble and royal appearance, where he had gathered together + all that art, joined with good taste, could add to nature; that this + chateau of Saint Elix, adorned with the finest orange grove in the world, + was ascribed to the liberality of the King. The Marquis, hurt by this + mistake of his neighbours, which he called an accusation, published a + solemn justification in these ingenuous provinces, and he proved, as a + clerk might do to his master, that this enormous expenditure was + exclusively his own. + </p> + <p> + Suddenly the report of his death spread through the capital, and the + Marquis d'Antin received without delay an official letter with a great, + black seal, which announced to him this most lamentable event. The notary + of Saint Elix, in sending him this sad news, took the opportunity of + enclosing a certified copy of the will. + </p> + <p> + This testament, replete with malignity, having been freely published in + the capital, I cannot refrain from reproducing it in these writings. + </p> + <p> + Here are its principal clauses; + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + In the name of the most blessed Trinity, etc. + </p> + <p> + Since I cannot congratulate myself on a wife, who, diverting herself + as much as possible, has caused me to pass my youth and my life in + celibacy, I content myself with leaving, her my life-sized portrait, + by Bourdon, begging her to place it in her bedchamber, when the King + ceases to come there. + </p> + <p> + Although the Marquis de Pardailhan d'Antin is prodigiously like his + mother (a circumstance of which I have been lamentably sensible!), I + do not hesitate to believe him my son. In this quality I give and + bequeath to him all my goods, as my eldest son, imposing on him, + nevertheless, the following legacies, liberalities and charges: + </p> + <p> + I leave to their Highnesses, M. le Duc du Maine, M. le Comte de + Toulouse, Mademoiselle de Nantes, and Mademoiselle de Blois (born + during my marriage with their mother, and consequently my presumptive + children), their right of legitimacy on the charge and condition of + their bearing in one of their quarterings the Pardailhan-Montespan + arms. + </p> + <p> + I take the respectful liberty of here thanking my King for the extreme + kindness which he has shown to my wife, nee De Mortemart, to my son + D'Antin, to his brothers and sisters, both dead and living, and also + to myself, who have only been dismissed, and kept in exile: + </p> + <p> + In recognition of which I give and bequeath to his Majesty my vast + chateau of Montespan, begging him to create and institute there a + community of Repentant Ladies, to wear the habit of Carmelites or of + the Daughters of the Conception, on the special charge and condition + that he place my wife at the head of the said convent, and appoint her + to be first Abbess. + </p> + <p> + I attach an annuity of sixty thousand livres to this noble + institution, hoping that this will make up the deficiency, if there be + any. + </p> + <p> + DE PARDAILHAN DE GONDRAN MONTESPAN, Separated, although inseparable + spouse. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + A family council being held to decide what I must do on this occasion, + Madame de Thianges, M. de Vivonne, and M. de Blanville-Colbert decided + that I must wear the same full mourning as my son D'Antin. As for this + odious will, it was agreed that it should not even be spoken of, and that + the notary of Saint Elix should be written to at once, to place it in the + hands of a third party, of whom he would be presently notified at the + place. The Marquis d'Antin at once had my equipage and his own draped. We + hastened to put all our household into mourning from top to toe, and the + funeral service, with full ritual, was ordered to be performed at the + parish church. The very same day, as the family procession was about to + set out on its way to the church, a sort of sergeant, dressed in black, + handed a fresh letter to the Marquis d'Antin. It contained these words: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + The notary of Saint Elix deserves a canonry in the Chapter of + Charenton; it is not the Marquis de Montespan who is dead; they have + played a trick on you. + </p> + <p> + The only truth in all of it is the will, of which the notary of Saint + Elix has been in too great a hurry to send a copy. A thousand excuses + to M. le Marquis d'Antin and his mother, Madame la Marquise. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + It was necessary to send orders at once to the parish church to take away + the catafalque and the drapings. The priests and the musicians were paid + as if they had done what they ought to do; and my widowhood, which, at + another time, might have been of such importance, was, I dare to say, + indifferent to me. + </p> + <p> + The King was informed of what had just taken place in my family. He spoke + of it as an extremely disagreeable affair. I answered him that it was far + more disagreeable for me than for any one else. His Majesty added: + </p> + <p> + "Tell the Marquis d'Antin to go to Saint Elix and pay his respects to his + father. This journey will also enable him to learn if such a ridiculous + will really exists, and if your husband has reached such a pitch of + independence. D'Antin will beg him, on my behalf, to tear up that + document, and to earn my favour by doing so." + </p> + <p> + My son, after consulting with his Majesty, started indeed for the + Pyrenees. His father at first gave him a cold welcome. The next day the + Marquis discovered the secret of pleasing him; and M. de Montespan, at + this full mourning, this family council, and at the catafalque in the + middle of the church, promised to alter the will on condition that his + 'lettre do cachet' should be revoked and quashed within the next + fortnight. + </p> + <p> + The King agreed to these demands, which did not any longer affect him. I + was the only person sacrificed. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXX. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Duc du Maine Provided with the Government of Languedoc.—The + Young Prince de Conti.—His Piety.—His Apostasy.—The Duc + de la Feuillade Burlesqued.—The Watch Set with Diamonds.—The + False Robber.—Scene amongst the Servants. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The old Duc de Verneuil, natural son of King Henri IV., died during these + incidents, leaving the government of Languedoc vacant. The King summoned + M. le Duc du Maine at once, and, embracing him with his usual tenderness, + he said to him: "My son, though you are very young, I make you governor of + Languedoc. This will make many jealous of you; do not worry about them, I + am always here to defend you. Go at once to Mademoiselle's, who has just + arrived at Versailles, and tell her what I have done for her adopted + child." + </p> + <p> + I went to thank his Majesty for this favour, which seemed to me very + great, since my son was not twelve years old. The King said to me: "Here + comes the carriage of the Prince de Conti; you may be certain that he + comes to ask me for this place." + </p> + <p> + In fact, those were the first words of the Prince de Conti. + </p> + <p> + "The government for which you ask," said the King, "has been for a long + time promised to Madame de Maintenon for her Duc du Maine. I intend + something else for you, my dear cousin. Trust in me. In giving you my + beloved daughter I charged myself with your fortunes; you are on my list, + and in the first rank." + </p> + <p> + The young Prince changed colour. He entreated the King to believe him + worthy of his confidence and esteem, to which he imprudently added these + words: "My wife was born before M. du Maine." + </p> + <p> + "And you, too," replied his Majesty; "are you any the more sober for that? + There are some little youthful extravagances in your conduct which pain + me. I leave my daughter in ignorance of them, because I wish her to be at + peace. Endeavour to prevent her being informed of them by yourself. Govern + yourself as a young man of your birth ought to govern himself; then I will + hand a government over to you with pleasure." + </p> + <p> + The Prince de Conti appeared to me very much affected by this homily and + disappointment. He saluted me, however, with a smile of benevolence and + the greatest amenity. We learnt a short time afterwards that his wife had + shed many tears, and was somewhat set against my children and myself. + </p> + <p> + This amiable Princess then was not aware that the government of Languedoc + was not granted at my instance, but at the simple desire of Madame de + Maintenon; the King had sufficiently explained it. + </p> + <p> + Just at this moment M. le Prince de Conti had made himself notable by his + attachment or his deference towards matters of religion and piety. His + superb chariot and his peach-coloured liveries were to be seen, on + fete-days, at the doors of the great churches. He suddenly changed his + manoeuvres, and refused to subject himself to restraints which led him no + whither. He scoffed publicly at the Jesuits, the Sulpicians, and their + formal lectures and confraternities; he refused to distribute the blessed + bread at his parish church, and heard mass only from his chaplains and in + his palace. + </p> + <p> + This ill-advised behaviour did not improve his position. Madame, his wife, + continued to come to Versailles on gala-days, or days of reunion, but he + and his brother appeared there less and less frequently. They were + exceedingly handsome, both of them; not through their father, whose huge + nose had rendered him ridiculous, but through the Princess, their mother, + Anna or Felicia de Martinozzi, niece of Cardinal Mazarin. God had + surpassed himself in creating that graceful head, and those eyes will + never have their match in sweetness and beauty. + </p> + <p> + Free now to follow his own tastes, which only policy had induced him to + dissimulate and constrain, M. de Conti allowed himself all that a young + prince, rich and pleasure-loving, could possibly wish in this world. In + the midst of these reunions, consecrated to pleasure, and even to + debauchery, he loved to signalise his lordly liberality; nothing could + stop him, nothing was too extravagant for him. His passion was to remove + all obstacles and pay for everybody. + </p> + <p> + His joyous companions cried out with admiration, and celebrated, in prose + and verse, so noble a taste and virtues so rare. The young orphan inhaled + this incense with delight; he contracted enormous debts, and soon did not + know where to turn to pay them. + </p> + <p> + The King, well informed of these excesses, commanded M. le Duc de la + Feuillade to have the young man followed, and inform himself of all he + did. + </p> + <p> + One day, when M. de la Feuillade himself had followed him too closely, and + forced him, for the space of an hour, to scour over all Le Marais in + useless and fatiguing zigzags, M. de Conti, who recognised him perfectly, + in spite of his disguise, pretended that his watch, set with diamonds, had + been stolen. He pointed out this man as the thief to his ready servingmen, + who fell upon M. de la Feuillade, and, stripping him to find the watch, + gave the Prince time to escape and reach his place of rendezvous. + </p> + <p> + The captain was ill for several days, and even in danger, in consequence + of this adventure, which did not improve the credit of M. le Prince de + Conti, much as it needed improvement. + </p> + <p> + His young and beautiful wife excused him in everything, ignoring, and + wishing to ignore, the extent of his guilt and frivolity. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + A Funeral and Diversions.—Sinister Dream.—Funeral Orations of + the Queen. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + It remains for me to relate certain rather curious circumstances in + relation to the late Queen, after which I shall speak of her no more in + these Memoirs. + </p> + <p> + She was left for ten days, lying in state, in the mortuary chapel of + Versailles, where mass was being said by priests at four altars from + morning till evening. She was finally removed from this magnificent Palace + of Enchantment to Saint Denis. Numerous carriages followed the funeral + car, and in all these carriages were the high officials, as well as the + ladies, who had belonged to her. But what barbarity! what ingratitude! + what a scandal! In all these mournful carriages, people talked and laughed + and made themselves agreeable; and the body-guards, as well as the + gendarmes and musketeers, took turns to ride their horses into the open + plain and shoot at the birds. + </p> + <p> + Monsieur le Dauphin, after Saint Denis, went to lie at the Tuileries, + before betaking himself to the service on the following day at Notre Dame. + In the evening, instead of remaining alone and in seclusion in his + apartment, as a good son ought to have done, he went to the Palais Royal + to see the Princess Palatine and her husband, whom he had had with him all + the day; he must have distraction, amusement, and even merry + conversations, such as simple bourgeois would not permit themselves on so + solemn an occasion, were it only out of decorum. + </p> + <p> + In the midst of these ridiculous and indefensible conversations, the news + arrived that the King had broken his arm. The Marquis de Mosny had started + on the instant in order to inform the young Prince of it; and Du Saussoi, + equerry of his Majesty, arrived half an hour later, giving the same news + with the details. + </p> + <p> + The King (who was hunting during the obsequies of his wife) had fallen off + his horse, which he had not been able to prevent from stumbling into a + ditch full of tall grass and foliage. M. Felix, a skilful and prudent + surgeon, had just set the arm, which was only put out of joint. The King + sent word to the Dauphin not to leave the Tuileries, and to attend the + funeral ceremony on the morrow. + </p> + <p> + The fair of Saint Laurence was being held at this moment, although the + city of Paris had manifested an intention of postponing it. They were + exhibiting to the curious a little wise horse which bowed, calculated, + guessed, answered questions, and performed marvels. The King had strictly + forbidden his family and the people of the Court to let themselves be seen + at this fair. Monsieur le Dauphin, none the less, wished to contemplate, + with his own eyes, this extraordinary and wonderful little horse. + Consequently, he had to be taken to the Chateau des Tuileries, where he + took a puerile amusement in a spectacle in itself trivial, and, at such a + time, scandalous. + </p> + <p> + The poor Queen would have died of grief if the death of her son had + preceded hers, against the order of nature; but the hearts of our children + are not disposed like ours, and who knows how I shall be treated myself by + mine when I am gone? + </p> + <p> + With regard to the King's arm, Madame d'Orleans, during the service for + the Queen, was pleased to relate to the Grande Mademoiselle that, three or + four days before, she had seen, in a somewhat troublesome and painful + dream, the King's horse run away, and throw him upon the rocks and + brambles of a precipice, from which he was rescued with a broken arm. A + lady observed that dreams are but vague and uncertain indications. + </p> + <p> + "Not mine," replied Madame, with ardour; "they are not like others. Five + or six days before the Queen fell ill, I told her, in the presence of + Madame la Dauphine, that I had a most alarming dream. I had dreamt that I + was in a large church all draped in black. I advanced to the sanctuary; a + vault was opened at one side of the altar. Some kind of priests went down, + and these folk said aloud, as they came up again, that they had found no + place at first; that the cavity having seemed to them too long and deep, + they had arranged the biers, and had placed there the body of the lady. At + that point I awoke, quite startled, and not myself." + </p> + <p> + Hardly had the Princess finished her story, when the Infanta, turning + pale, said to her: "Madame, you will see, the dream of the vault refers to + me. At the funeral of the Queen of England I noticed, and remember, that + the same difficulty occurred at Saint Denis; they were obliged to push up + all the coffins, one against the other." + </p> + <p> + And, in truth, we knew, a few days afterwards, that for this poor Queen, + Maria Theresa, the monks of the abbey had found it necessary to break down + a strong barrier of stones in their subterranean church, to remove the + first wife of Gaston, mother of Mademoiselle, and find a place for the + Spanish Queen who had arrived in those regions. + </p> + <p> + There were several funeral orations on this occasion. Not a single one of + these official discourses deserved to survive the Queen. There was very + little to say about her, I admit; but these professional panegyrists, + these liars in surplice, in black cassock, or in purple and mitre, are not + too scrupulous to borrow facts and material in cases where the dead person + has neglected to furnish or bequeath it them. + </p> + <p> + In my own case I congratulated myself on this sort of indifference or + literary penury; an indiscreet person, sustained by zeal or talent, might + have wished to mortify me in a romance combined of satire and religion. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Jean Baptiste Colbert.—His Death.—His Great Works.—His + Last Advice to the Marquise. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + M. Colbert had been ailing for a long time past. His face bore visible + testimony against his health, to which his accumulated and incessant + labour had caused the greatest injury. We had just married his son + Blainville to my niece, Mademoiselle de Tonnay-Charente, heiress of the + house of Rochchouart. Since this union—the King's work—M. + Colbert had somewhat tended in my favour, and I had reason to count on his + good offices and kindness. I said to him one day that my quarrel with him + was that he did not look after himself, that he ignored all his own worth, + treated himself with no more respect than a mere clerk; that he was the + indispensable man, the right hand of the King, his eye of vigilance in + everything, and the pillar of his business and his finance. + </p> + <p> + Without being precisely what one would call a modest man, M. Colbert was + calm of mind, and by nature without pose or presumption. He cared + sincerely for the King's glory. He held his tongue on the subject of great + enterprises, but employed much zeal and ability in promoting the success + of good projects and ideas, such as, for instance, our Indies and + Pondicherry. + </p> + <p> + He had known how to procure, without oppressing any one, the incalculable + sums that had been necessitated, not only by enormous and almost universal + wars, but by all those canals, all those ports in the Mediterranean or the + ocean, that vast creation of vessels, arsenals, foundries, military houses + and hospitals which we had seen springing up in all parts. He had procured + by his application, his careful calculations, the wherewithal to build + innumerable fortresses, aqueducts, fountains, bridges, the Observatory of + Paris, the Royal Hospital of the Invalides, the chateaus of the Tuileries + and of Vincennes, the engine and chateau of Marly, that prodigious chateau + of Versailles, with its Trianon of marble, which by itself might have + served as a habitation for the richest monarchs of the Orient. + </p> + <p> + He had founded the wonderful glass factories, and those of the Gobelins; + he had raised, as though by a magic ring, the Royal Library over the + gardens and galleries of Mazarin; and foreigners asked one another, in + their surprise, what they must admire most in that monument, the interior + pomp of the edifice or its rich collection of books, coins, and + manuscripts. + </p> + <p> + To all these works, more than sufficient to immortalise twenty ministers, + M. Colbert was adding at this moment the huge 'salpetriere' of Paris and + the colonnades of the Louvre. Ruthless death came to seize him in the + midst of these occupations, so noble, useful, and glorious. + </p> + <p> + The great Colbert, worn out with fatigue, watching, and constraint, left + the King, his wife, his children, his honours, his well-earned riches, and + displayed no other anxiety than alarm as to his salvation,—as though + so many services rendered to the nation and to his prince were no more, in + his eyes, than vain works in relation to eternity. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, having become a great lady, could, not reasonably + continue her office of governess to the King's children. M. Colbert, that + man of vigour, that Mount Atlas, capable of supporting all things without + a plaint, had been charged with the care of the two new-born princes. + </p> + <p> + Because of the third Mademoiselle de Blois, and of the little Comte de + Toulouse, I saw the minister frequently, and I was one of the first to + remark the change in his face and his health. + </p> + <p> + During his last illness, I visited him more often. One day, of his own + accord, he said to me: + </p> + <p> + "How do you get on with Madame de Maintenon? I have never heard her + complain of you; but I make you this confidence out of friendship. His + Majesty complains of your attitude towards your former friend. If the + frankness of your nature and the impatience of your humour have sometimes + led you too far, I exhort you to moderate yourself, in your own interest + and in that of your children. Madame de Maintenon is an amiable and witty + person, whose society pleases the King. Have this consideration for a + hard-working prince, whom intellectual recreation relaxes and diverts, and + make a third at those pleasant gatherings where you shone long before this + lady, and where you would never be her inferior. Go there, and frequently, + instead of keeping at a distance in an attitude of resentment, which, do + not doubt, is noticed and viewed unfavourably." + </p> + <p> + "But, monsieur," I answered M. Colbert, "you are not, then, aware that + every time I am a third person at one of these interminable conversations, + I always meet with some mark of disapproval, and sometimes with painful + mortifications?" + </p> + <p> + "I have been told so," the sick man replied; "but I have also been told + that you imprudently call down on yourself these outbursts of the King. + What need have you to quarrel with Madame de Maintenon over a look, a + word, a movement or a gesture? You seem to me persuaded that love enters + into the King's friendship for the Marquise. Well, suppose you have + guessed aright his Majesty's sentiments; will your dissatisfaction and + your sarcasms prevent those sentiments from existing, and the prince from + indulging them? + </p> + <p> + "You know, madame, that he generally gets everything he wants, and M. de + Montespan experienced that when he wished to set himself against your + joint wills. + </p> + <p> + "I am nearer my end and my release than my doctors think. In leaving this + whirlpool of disappointments, ambitions, errors, and mutual injustice, I + should like to see you free, at peace, reconciled to your real interests, + and out of reach, forever, of the vicissitudes of fortune. In my eyes, + your position is that of a ship-owner whom the ocean has constantly + favoured, and who has reaped great riches. With moderation and prudence, + it depended on himself to profit by his astonishing success, and at last + to enjoy his life; but ambition and vain desire drive him afresh upon this + sea, so fruitful in shipwrecks, and his last venture destroys all his + prosperity and all his many labours. + </p> + <p> + "Our excellent Queen has gone to rest from her troubles and her journeys; + and I, madame, am going to rest not long after her, having worn out my + strength on great things that are as nothing." + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Seignelay, eldest son of this minister, counted on + succeeding to the principal offices of his father. He made a mistake. The + place of secretary of state and controller-general passed to the President + Pelletier, who had been chosen by M. Colbert himself; and the + superintendence of buildings, gardens, and works went to swell the + numerous functions of the Marquis de Louvois, who wished for and counted + on it. + </p> + <p> + MM. de Blainville and Seignelay had good posts, proportioned to their + capacity; the King never ceased to look upon them as the children of his + dear M. Colbert. + </p> + <p> + [It mast be remembered that the young Marquis de Seignelay was already + Minister of Marine, an office which remained with him.—Ed.] + </p> + <p> + Before his death, this minister saw his three daughters become duchesses. + The King, who had been pleased to make these marriages, had given each of + them a dowry of a million in cash. + </p> + <p> + As for the Abbe Colbert, already promoted to the Bishopric of Montpellier + (to which three important abbeys were joined), he had the Archbishopric of + Toulouse, with an immense revenue. It is true that he took a pleasure in + rebuilding his archiepiscopal palace and cathedral out of a huge and + ancient treasure, which he discovered whilst pulling down some old ruin to + make a salon. + </p> + <p> + One might say that there was some force of attraction attached to this + family and name of Colbert. Treasures arose from the earth to give + themselves up and obey them. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Mesdemoiselles de Mazarin.—The Age of Puberty.—Madame de + Beauvais.—Anger of the Queen-mother.—The Cardinal's Policy.—First + Love.—Louis de Beauvais.—The Abbe de Rohan-Soubise.—The + Emerald's Lying-in.—The Handsome Musketeer.—The Counterfeit of + the King. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + At the time when the King, still very young, was submitting without + impatience to the authority of the Queen, his mother, and his godfather, + the Cardinal, his strength underwent a sudden development, and this lad + became, all at once, a man. The numerous nieces of Cardinal Mazarin, who + were particularly dear to the Queen, were as much at the Louvre as at + their own home. Anne of Austria, naturally affable, gladly released them + from the etiquette which was imposed upon every one else. These young + ladies played and laughed, sang or frolicked, after the manner of their + years, and the young King lived frankly and gaily in their midst, as one + lives with agreeable sisters, when one is happy enough to have such. He + lived fraternally with these pretty Italian girls, but his intimacy + stopped there, since the Cardinal and the governess watched night and day + over a young man who was greatly subject to surveillance. + </p> + <p> + At the same time, there was amongst the Queen's women a rather pretty + waiting-maid, well brought up, who was called Madame de Beauvais. Those + brunettes, with black eyes, bright complexions, and graceful plumpness, + are almost always wanton and alluring. Madame de Beauvais noticed the + sudden development of the monarch, his impassioned reveries which betrayed + themselves in his gaze. She thought she had detected intentions on his + part, and an imperious need of explaining himself. A word, which was said + to her in passing, authorised her, or seemed to authorise her, to make an + almost intelligible reply. The young wooer showed himself less undecided, + less enigmatic,—and the understanding was completed. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Beauvais was the recipient of the prince's first emotions, and + the clandestine connection lasted for three months. Anne of Austria, + informed of what was passing, wished at first to punish her first maid in + waiting; but the Cardinal, more circumspect, represented to her that this + connection, of which no one knew, was an occupation, not to say a + safeguard, for the young King, whose fine constitution and health + naturally drew him to the things of life. "Although eighteen years of + age," he added, "the prince abandons the whole authority to you; whereas + another, in his place, would ardently dispute it. Do not let us quarrel + with him about trifles; leave him his Beauvais lady, so that he may make + no attempt on my pretty nieces nor on your authority, madame, nor on my + important occupations, which are for the good of the State." + </p> + <p> + Anne of Austria, who was more a Christian and a mother than a diplomatic + woman, found it very painful to appreciate these arguments of the + Cardinal; but after some reflection she recognised their importance, and + things remained as they were. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Beauvais had a son, whom the husband (whether overconfident or + not) saw brought into the world with much delight, and whom, with a wealth + of royalist respect, they baptised under the agreeable name of Louis. This + child, who had a fine figure and constitution, received a particularly + careful education. He has something of the King about him, principally in + his glance and smile. He presents, however, only the intellectual habit of + his mother, and even a notable absence of grandeur and elevation. He is a + very pretty waiting-woman, dressed out as a cavalier; in a word, he is + that pliant and indefatigable courtier, whom we see everywhere, and whom + town and Court greet by the name of Baron de Beauvais. + </p> + <p> + His sister is the Duchesse de Richelieu, true daughter of her father, as + ugly, or rather as lacking in charm, as he is; but replete with subtilty + and intelligence,—with that intelligence which perpetually suggests + a humble origin, and which wearies or importunes, because of its + ill-nature. At the age of seventeen, her freshness made her pass for being + pretty. She accused the young Duc de Richelieu of having seduced her, and + made her a mother; and he, in his fear of her indignation and intrigues, + and of the reproaches of the Queen, hastened to confess his fault, and to + repair everything by marrying her. + </p> + <p> + Baron Louis, her brother, to whom the King could hardly refuse anything, + made her a lady of honour to the Dauphine. Madame de Richelieu delighted + to spread a report in the world that I had procured her this office; she + was deceived, and wished to be deceived. I had asked this eminent position + for the Marquise de Thianges, in whom I was interested very differently. + His Majesty decided that a marquise was inferior to a duchess, even when + that duchess was born a De Beauvais. Another son of the monarch, well + known at the Court as such, is M. l'Abbe de Rohan-Soubise, to whom the + cardinal's hat is already promised. His figure, his carriage, his head, + his attitude, his whole person infallibly reveal him; and the Prince de + Soubise has so thoroughly recognised and understood the deceit, that he + honours the young churchman with all his indifference and his respect. He + acts with him as a sort of guardian; and that is the limitation of his + role. + </p> + <p> + The Princesse de Soubise, who had resolved to advance her careless + husband, either to the government of Brittany or to some ministry, + persuaded herself that it is only by women that men can be advanced; and + that in order to advance a husband, it is necessary to advance oneself. + Although a little thin, and lacking that of which the King is so fond, we + saw in her a very pretty woman. She knew how to persuade his Majesty that + she cherished for him the tenderest love. That is, I believe, the one trap + that it is possible to set for him. He is credulous on that head; he was + speedily caught. And every time that M. de Rohan was away, and there was + freedom at the Hotel Soubise, the Princess came in person to Saint Germain + or to Versailles, to show her necklace and pendant of emeralds to the + King. Such was the agreed signal. + </p> + <p> + The Abbe de Rohan was born of these emeralds. The King displays conscience + in all his actions, except in his wars and conquests. When the little + Soubise was grown up, his Majesty signified to the mother that this young + man must enter the Church, not wishing to suffer the formation of a + parasitical branch amongst the Rohans, which would have participated, + without any right, in the legitimate sap. It is asserted that the Abbe de + Rohan only submitted with infinite regret to a sentence which neutralised + him. The King has promised him all possible consideration; he has even + embraced him tenderly, an action which is almost equivalent to a + "declaration of degree" made to the Parliament. + </p> + <p> + The other child alleged to the King is that handsome musketeer, who is so + like him. But, judging from the King's character, which respects, and in + some fashion almost admires itself, in everything which proceeds from it, + I do not venture to believe in this musketeer. The King wished one day to + see him close by, and even accosted him by the orange-shrubbery; but this + movement seemed to me one of pure curiosity. + </p> + <p> + The resemblance, I must confess, is the most striking that I have yet + seen; for it is complete, even to the tone of the voice. But a look might + have operated this miracle. Instance the little negress, the daughter of + the poor Queen, that Queen so timid and entirely natural, who, to her + happiness, as much as to her glory, has never looked at, approached, or + distinguished any one except the King. + </p> + <p> + For the rest, we shall see and know well if the King does anything for his + musketeer. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Young Nobility and the Turks.—Private Correspondence.—The + Unlucky Minister and the Page of Strasburg.—The King Judged and + Described in All the Documents.—The King Humiliated in His + Affections.—Scandal at Court.—Grief of Fathers at Having Given + Life to Such Children.—Why Prince Eugene Was Not a Bishop.—Why + He Was Not a Colonel of France.—Death of the Prince de Conti. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + As France was at peace at the moment when the three hundred thousand Turks + swarmed over Hungary and threatened Vienna, our young princes, and a + fairly large number of nobles of about the same age, took it into their + heads to go and exhibit their bravery in Germany; they asked permission of + M. de Louvois to join the Imperialists. This permission was granted to + some amongst them, but refused to others. Those whom it was thought fit to + restrain took no notice of the words of the minister, and departed as + resolutely as though the King had fallen asleep. They were arrested on the + road; but his Majesty, having reflected on the matter, saw that these + special prohibitions would do harm to the intentions which he had with + regard to his deference for Germany, and they were all allowed to go their + own way. + </p> + <p> + A little later, it was discovered that there was a regular and active + correspondence between these young people in Germany and others who had + remained in Paris or at the Court. The first minister had a certain page, + one of the most agile, pursued; he was caught up with at Strasburg; his + valise was seized. The Marquis de Louvois, desiring to give the King the + pleasure of himself opening these mysterious letters, handed him the + budget, the seals intact, and his Majesty thanked him for this attention. + These thanks were the last that that powerful minister was destined to + receive from his master; his star waned from that hour, never again to + recover its lustre; all his credit failed and crashed to the ground. This + correspondence—spied on with so much zeal, surprised and carried off + with such good fortune—informed the astonished monarch that, in the + Louvois family, in his house and circle, his royal character, his manners, + his affections, his tastes, his person, his whole life, were derisively + censured. The beloved son-in-law of the minister, speaking with an open + heart to his friends, who were travelling, and absent, represented the + King to them as a sort of country-gentleman, given up now to the domestic + and uniform life of the manor-house, more than ever devoted to his dame + bourgeoise, and making love ecstatically at the feet of this young nymph + of fifty seasons. + </p> + <p> + M. de la Roche-Guyon and M. de Liancourt, sons of La Rochefoucauld, who + expressed themselves with the same boldness, went so far as to say of + their ruler that he was but a stage and tinsel king. The son-in-law of + Louvois accused him of being most courageous in his gallery, but of + turning pale on the eve, and at the moment, of an action; and D'Alincourt, + son of Villeroi, carried his outrages further still. No one knows better + than myself how unjust these accusations were, and are. I was sensible of + the mortification such a reading must have caused to the most sensitive, + the most irritable of princes; but I rejoiced at the humiliation that the + lady in waiting felt for her share in this unpardonable correspondence. + The annoyance that I read for some days on her handsome face consoled me, + for the time being, for her great success at my expense. + </p> + <p> + Madame la Princesse de Conti, whom the King, up to this time, had not only + cherished but adored, found also, in those documents, the term of + excessive favour. A letter from her to her husband said: "I have just + given myself a maid of honour, wishing to spare Madame de Maintenon the + trouble, or the pleasure, of giving me one herself." + </p> + <p> + She was summoned to Versailles, as she may very well have expected. The + King, paying no attention to her tears, said to her: "I believed in your + affection; I have done everything to deserve it; it is lamentable to me to + be unable to count on it longer. Your cruel letter is in Madame de + Maintenon's hands. She will let you read it again before committing it to + the fire, and I beg you to inform her what is the harm she has done you." + </p> + <p> + "Madame," said Madame de Maintenon to her, when she saw her before her, + "when your amiable mother left this Court, where the slightest prosperity + attracts envy, I promised her to take some care of your childhood, and I + have kept my word. + </p> + <p> + "I have always treated you with gentleness and consideration; whence + proceeds your hate against me of to-day? Is your young heart capable of + it? I believed you to be a model of gratitude and goodness." + </p> + <p> + "Madame," replied the young Princess, weeping, "deign to pardon this + imprudence of mine and to reconcile me with the King, whom I love so + much." + </p> + <p> + "I have not the credit which you assume me to have," replied the lady in + waiting, coldly. "Except for the extreme kindness of the King you would + not be where you are, and you take it ill that I should be where I am! I + have neither desired nor solicited the arduous rank that I occupy; I need + resignation and obedience to support such a burden." Madame de Maintenon + resumed her work. The Princess, not daring to interrupt her silence, made + the bow that was expected of her and withdrew. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Louvois, when he read what his own son-in-law dared to + write of the monarch, grew pale and swooned away with grief. He cast + himself several times before the feet of his master, asking now the + punishment and now the pardon of a criminal and a madman. + </p> + <p> + "I believed myself to be loved by your family," cried the King. "What must + I do, then, to be loved? And, great God! with what a set I am surrounded!" + </p> + <p> + All these things transpired. Soon we saw the father of the audacious De + Liancourt arrive like a man bereft of his wits. He ran to precipitate + himself at the feet of the King. + </p> + <p> + "M. de La Rochefoucauld," said the prince to him, "I was ignorant, until + this day, that I was lacking in what is called martial prowess; but I + shall at least have, on this occasion, the courage to despise the + slanderous slights of these presumptuous youths. Do not talk to me of the + submissions and regrets of your two sons, who are unworthy of you; let + them live as far away from me as possible; they do not deserve to approach + an honest man, such as their King." + </p> + <p> + The Prince de Turenne, son of the Duc de Bouillon, and Prince Eugene of + Savoy, third or fourth son of the Comtesse de Soissons (Olympe Mancini), + had accompanied their cousins De Conti on this knightly expedition; all + these gentlemen returned at the conclusion of the war, except Prince + Eugene, a violent enemy of the King. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [The Prince de Turenne was in bad odour at Court ever since he had + separated Monseigneur from his young wife by exaggerating that + Princess's small failings.—MADAME DE MONTESPAN'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + This young Prince of the second branch, seeing his mother's disgrace since + the great affair of the poison, hated me mortally. He carried his + treachery so far as to attribute to me the misfortunes of Olympe, saying, + and publishing all over Paris, that I had incited accusers in order to be + able to deprive her forcibly of her superintendence. This post, which had + been sold to me for four hundred thousand francs, had been paid for long + since; that did not prevent Eugene from everywhere affirming the contrary. + </p> + <p> + Since the flight or exile of his lady mother, he had taken it into his + head to dream of the episcopate, and to solicit Pere de la Chaise on the + subject. But the King, who does not like frivolous or absurd figures in + high offices, decided that a little man with a deformity would repel + rather than attract deference at a pinnacle of dignity of the priesthood. + </p> + <p> + Refused for the episcopate, M. de Soissons thought he might offer himself + as a colonel. His Majesty, who did not know the military ways of this + abbe, refused him anew, both as an abbe and as a hunchback, and as a + public libertine already degraded by his irregularities. + </p> + <p> + From all these refusals and mortifications there sprung his firm resolve + to quit France. He had been born there; he left all his family there + except his mother; he declared himself its undying enemy, and said + publicly in Germany that Louis XIV. would shed tears of blood for the + injury and the affront which he had offered him. + </p> + <p> + MM. de Conti, after the events in Hungary and at Vienna, returned to + France covered with laurels. They came to salute the King at Versailles. + His Majesty gave them neither a good nor a bad reception. The Princes left + the same day for Chantilly, where M. de Conde, their paternal uncle, tried + to curb their too romantic imaginations and guaranteed their good + behaviour in the future. + </p> + <p> + This life, sedentary or spent in hunting, began to weary them, when + overruling Providence was pleased to send them a diversion of the highest + importance. M. le Prince de Conti was seized suddenly with that burning + fever which announces the smallpox. Every imaginable care was useless; he + died of it and bequeathed, in spite of himself, a most premature and + afflicting widowhood to his young and charming spouse, who was not, till + long afterwards, let into the secret of his scandalous excesses. + </p> + <p> + M. de la Roche-sur-Yon, his only brother, was as distressed at his death + as though he had nothing to gain by it; he took immediately the name of + Conti, and doffed the other, which he had hitherto borne as a borrowed + title. The domain and county of La Roche-sur-Yon belongs to the Grande + Mademoiselle. She had been asked to make this condescension when the young + Prince was born. She agreed with a good grace, for the child, born + prematurely, did not seem likely to live. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Ninon at Court.—The King behind the Glass.—Anxiety of the + Marquise on the Subject of This Interview.—Visit to Madame de + Maintenon.—Her Reply and Her Ambiguous Promise. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de l'Enclos is universally known in the world for the + agreeableness of her superior wit and her charms of face and person. When + Madame de Maintenon, after the loss of her father, arrived from + Martinique, she had occasion to make her acquaintance; and it seems that + it was Ninon who, seeing her debating between the offers of M. Scarron and + the cloister, succeeded in persuading her to marry the rich poet, though + he was a cripple, rather than to bury herself, so young, in a convent of + Ursulines or Bernardines, even were the convent in Paris. + </p> + <p> + At the death of the poet Scarron (who when he married, and when he died, + possessed only a life annuity), Mademoiselle d'Aubigne, once more in + poverty, found in Mademoiselle de l'Enclos a generous and persevering + friend, who at once offered her her house and table. Mademoiselle + d'Aubigne passed eight or ten months in the intimate society of this + philosophical woman. But her conscience, or her prudery, not permitting + her to tolerate longer a manner of life in which she seemed to detect + license, she quitted Ninon, advising her to renounce coquetry, whilst the + other was advising her to abandon herself to it. + </p> + <p> + There, where Madame Scarron found the tune of good society with wit, she + looked upon herself as in her proper sphere, as long as no open scandal + was brought to her notice. She consented still to remain her friend; but + the fear of passing for an approver or an accomplice prevented her from + remaining if there were any publicity. It was not exactly through her + scruples, it was through her vanity. I have had proof of this on various + occasions, and I have made no error. + </p> + <p> + The pretended amours of Mademoiselle d'Aubigne and the Marquis de + Villarceaux, Ninon's friend, are an invention of malicious envy. I + justified Madame Scarron on the matter before the King, when I asked her + for the education of the Princes; and having rendered her this justice, + from conviction rather than necessity, I shall certainly not charge her + with it to-day. Madame de Maintenon possesses a fund of philosophy which + she does not reveal nor confess to everybody. She fears God in the manner + of Socrates and Plato; and as I have seen her more than once make game, + with infinite wit, of the Abbe Gobelin, her confessor, who is a pedant and + avaricious, I am persuaded that she knows much more about it than all + these proud doctors in theology, and that she would be thoroughly capable + of confessing her confessor. + </p> + <p> + She had remained, then, the friend of Ninon, but at heart and in + recollection, without sending her news or seeing her again. Mademoiselle + de l'Enclos, rich, disinterested, and proud of her independent position, + learned with pleasure the triumph of her former friend, but without + writing to her or congratulating her. Ninon, by the consent of all those + who have come near her, is good-nature itself. One of her relations, or + friends, was a candidate for a vacant post as farmer-general, and besought + her to make some useful efforts for him. + </p> + <p> + "I have no one but Madame de Maintenon," she replied to this relation. And + the other said to her: + </p> + <p> + "Madame de Maintenon? It is as though you had the King himself!" + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle de l'Enclos, trimming her pen with her trusty knife, wrote to + the lady in waiting an agreeable and polished letter, one of those + letters, careful without stiffness, that one writes, indulging oneself a + little with the intention of getting oneself read. + </p> + <p> + The letter of solicitation seemed so pretty to the lady in waiting that + she made the King peruse it. + </p> + <p> + "This is an excellent opportunity for me," said the prince at once, "to + see with my own eyes this extraordinary, person, of whom I have so long + heard talk. I saw her one day at the opera, but just when she was getting + into her carriage; and my incognito did not permit me to approach her. She + seemed to me small, but well made. Her carriage drove off like a flash." + </p> + <p> + To meet this curiosity which the King displayed, it was agreed that Madame + de Maintenon, on the pretext of having a better consultation, should + summon Mademoiselle de l'Enclos to Versailles, and that in one of the + alcoves of the chapel she should be given a place which should put her + almost in front of his Majesty. + </p> + <p> + She arrived some minutes before mass. Madame de Maintenon received her + with marked attention, mingled with reserve, promised her support with the + ministers when the affair should be discussed, and made her promise to + pass the entire day, at Versailles, for the King was obliged to visit the + new gardens at Marly. + </p> + <p> + The time for mass being come, Madame de Maintenon said to the fair + Epicurean, with a smile: "You are one of us, are you not? The music will + be delicious in the chapel to-day; you will not have a moment of + weariness." + </p> + <p> + Ninon, meeting this slight reproach with a smile of propriety, replied + that she adored and respected everything which the monarch respected. + </p> + <p> + During the service, the King, tranquilly, secluded in his golden box, + could see and examine the lady at his leisure, without compromising + himself or embarrassing her by his gaze. As for her, her decent and quite + appropriate attitude merited for her the approval of her old friend, of + the King, and of the most critical eyes. + </p> + <p> + The monarch, in effect, departed, not for the Chateau of Marly, but for + Trianon; and hardly had he reached there before, in a little, very close + carriage, he was brought back to Versailles. He went up to Madame de + Maintenon's apartments by the little staircase in the Prince's Court, and + stole into the glass closet without being observed, except by a solitary + lackey. + </p> + <p> + The ladies, believing themselves to be alone and at liberty, talked + without ceremony or constraint, as though they had been but twenty years + old. The King was very much grieved at the things which were said, but he + heard, without losing a word, the following dialogue or interview: + </p> + <p> + NINON DE L'ENCLOS.—It is not my preservation which should surprise + you, since from morning to night I breathe that voluptuous air of + independence which refreshes the blood, and puts in play its circulation. + I am morally the same person whom you came to see in the pretty little + house in the Rue de Tournelles. My dressing-gown, as you well know, was my + preferred and chosen garb. To-day, as then, Madame la Marquise, I should + choose to place on my escutcheon the Latin device of the towns of San + Marino and Lucca,—Libertas. You have complimented me on my beauty; I + congratulate you upon yours, and I am surprised that you have so kept and + preserved it in the midst of the constraints and servitude that grandeur + and greatness involve. + </p> + <p> + MADAME DE MAINTENON.—At the commencement, I argued as you argue, and + believed that I should never get to the year's end without disgust. Little + by little I imposed silence upon my emotions and my regrets. A life of + great activity and occupation, by separating us, as it were, from + ourselves, extinguishes those exacting niceties, both of our proper + sensibility, and of our self-conceit. I remembered my sufferings, my + fears, and my privations after the death of that poor man;—[It was + so that she commonly spoke of her husband, Scarron.]—and since + labour has been the yoke imposed by God on every human being, I submitted + with a good grace to the respectable labour of education. Few teachers are + attached to their pupils; I attached myself to mine with tenderness, with + delight. It is true that it was my privilege to find the King's children + amiable and pretty, as few children are. + </p> + <p> + NINON DE L'ENCLOS.—From the most handsome and amiable man in the + world there could not come mediocre offspring. M. du Maine is your idol; + the King has given him his noble bearing, with his intelligence; and you + have inoculated him with your wit. Is it true that Madame de Montespan is + no longer your friend? That is a rumour which has credit in the capital; + and if the thing is true I regret it, and am sorry for you. + </p> + <p> + MADAME DE MAINTENON.—Madame de Montespan, as all Paris knows, + obtained my pension for me after the death of the Queen-mother. This + service, comparable with a favour, will always remain in my heart and my + memory. I have thanked her a thousand times for it, and I always shall + thank her for it. At the time when the young Queen of Portugal charged + herself with my fate and fortune, the Marquise, who had known me at the + Hotel d'Albret, desired to retain me in France, where she destined for me + the children of the King. I did what she desired; I took charge of his + numerous children out of respect for my benefactor, and attachment to + herself. To-day, when their first education is completed, and his Majesty + has recompensed me with the gift of the Maintenon estate, the Marquise + pretends that my role is finished, that I was wrong to let myself be made + lady in waiting, and that the recognition due to her imposes an obligation + on me to obey her in everything, and withdraw from this neighbourhood. + </p> + <p> + NINON DE L'ENCLOS.—Absolutely + </p> + <p> + MADAME DE MAINTENON.—Yes, really, I assure you. + </p> + <p> + NINON DE L'ENCLOS.—A departure? An absolute retreat? Oh, it is too + much! Does she wish you, then, to resign your office? + </p> + <p> + MADAME DE MAINTINON.—I cannot but think so, mademoiselle. + </p> + <p> + NINON DE L'ENCLOS.—Speaking personally, and for my private + satisfaction, I should be enchanted to see you quit the Court and return + to society. Society is your element. You know it by heart; you have shone + there, and there you would shine again. On reappearing, you would see + yourself instantly surrounded by those delicate and (pardon the + expression) sensuous minds who applauded with such delight your agreeable + stories, your brilliant and solid conversation. Those pleasant, idle hours + were lost to us when you left us, and I shall always remember them. At the + Court, where etiquette selects our words, as it rules our attitudes, you + cannot be yourself; I must confess that frankly. You do not paint your + lovely face, and I am obliged to you for that, madame; but it is + impossible for you to refrain from somewhat colouring your discourse, not + with the King, perhaps, whose always calm gaze transparently reveals the + man of honour, but with those eminences, those grandeurs, those royal and + serene highnesses, whose artificial and factitious perfumes already filled + your chapel before the incense of the sacrifice had wreathed its clouds + round the high altar. + </p> + <p> + The King, suddenly showing himself, somewhat to the surprise of the + ladies, said: "I have long wished, mademoiselle, this unique and agreeable + opportunity for which I am indebted to Madame de Maintenon. Be seated, I + pray you, and permit 'my Highness', slightly perfumed though I be, to + enjoy for a moment your witty conversation and society. What! The + atmosphere does not meet with your approval, and, in order to have + madame's society, you desire to disgust her with it herself, and deprive + us of her?" + </p> + <p> + "Sire," answered Ninon, "I have not enough power or authority to render my + intentions formidable, and my long regrets will be excused, I hope, since, + if madame left Versailles, she would cause the same grief there that she + has caused us." + </p> + <p> + "One has one's detractors in every conceivable locality. If Madame de + Maintenon has met with one at Versailles she would not be exempt from them + anywhere else. At Paris, you would be without rampart or armour, I like to + believe; but deign to grant me this preference,—I can very well + protect my friends. I think the town is ill-informed, and that Madame de + Montespan has no interest in separating madame from her children, who are + also mine. + </p> + <p> + "You will greatly oblige me, mademoiselle, if you will adopt this opinion + and publish it in your society, which is always select, though it is so + numerous." + </p> + <p> + Then the King, passing to other subjects, brought up, of his own accord, + the place of farmer-general, which happened to be vacant; and he said to + Mademoiselle de l'Enclos: "I promise you this favour with pleasure, the + first which you have ever solicited of me, and I must beg you to address + yourself to Madame de Maintenon on every occasion when your relations or + yourself have something to ask from me. You must see clearly, + mademoiselle, that it is well to leave madame in this place, as an agent + with me for you, and your particular ambassadress." + </p> + <p> + I learnt all these curious details five or six days later from a young + colonel, related to me, to whom Mademoiselle de l'Enclos narrated her + admission and interview at Versailles. In reproducing the whole of this + scene, I have not altered the sense of a word; I have only sought to make + up for the charm which every conversation loses that is reported by a + third party who was not actually an eyewitness. + </p> + <p> + This confidence informed me that prejudices were springing up against me + in the mind of the favourite. I went to see her, as though my visit were + an ordinary one, and asked her what one was to think of Ninon's interview + with the King. + </p> + <p> + "Yes," she said, "his Majesty has for a long time past had a great desire + to see her, as a person of much wit, and of whom he has heard people speak + since his youth. He imagined her to have larger eyes, and something a + little more virile in her physiognomy. He was greatly, and, I must say, + agreeably surprised, to find that he had been deceived. 'One can see eyes + of far greater size,' his Majesty told me, 'but not more brilliant, more + animated or amiable. Her mouth, admirably moulded, is almost as small as + Madame de Montespan's. Her pretty, almost round face has something + Georgian about it, unless I am mistaken. She says, and lets you + understand, everything she likes; she awaits your replies without + interruption; her contradictions preserve urbanity; she is respectful + without servility; her pleasant voice, although not of silver, is none the + less the voice of a nymph. In conclusion, I am charmed with her.'" + </p> + <p> + "Does she believe me hostile to your prosperity, my dear Marquise?" I said + at once to Madame de Maintenon, who seemed slightly confused, and + answered: "Mademoiselle de l'Enclos is not personally of that opinion; she + had heard certain remarks to that effect in the salons of the town; and I + have given her my most explicit assurance that, if you should ever cease + to care for me, my inclination and my gratitude would be none the less + yours, madame, so long as I should live." + </p> + <p> + "You owe me those sentiments," I resumed, with a trifle too much fire; "I + have a right to count on them. But it is most painful to me, I confess, + after having given all my youth to the King, to see him now cool down, + even in his courtesy. The hours which he used to pass with me he gives to + you, and it is impossible that this innovation should not seem startling + here, since all Paris is informed of it, and Mademoiselle de l'Enclos has + discussed it with you." + </p> + <p> + "I owe everything that I am to the goodness of the King," she answered me. + "Would you have me, when he comes to me, bid him go elsewhere, to you or + somebody else, it matters not?" + </p> + <p> + "No, but I should be glad if your countenance did not, at such a moment, + expand like a sunflower; I should like you, at the risk of somewhat + belying yourself, to have the strength to moderate and restrain that vein + of talk and conversation of which you have given yourself the supremacy + and monopoly; I wish you had the generosity to show, now and again, less + wit. This sort of regime and abstinence would not destroy you off-hand, + and the worst that could result to you from it would be to pass in his + eyes for a woman of a variable and intermittent wit; what a great + calamity!" + </p> + <p> + "Ah, madame, what is it you suggest!" the lady in waiting replied to me, + almost taking offence. "I have never been eccentric or singular with any + one in the world, and you want me to begin with my King! It cannot be, I + assure you! Suggest to me reasonable and possible things, and I will enter + into all your views with all my heart and without hesitation." + </p> + <p> + This reply shocked me to the point of irritation. + </p> + <p> + "I believed you long to be a simple and disinterested soul," I said to + her, "and it was in this belief that I gave you my cordial affection. Now + I read your heart, and all your projects are revealed to me. You are not + only greedy of respect and consideration, you are ambitious to the point + of madness. The King's widowhood has awakened all your wild dreams; you + confided to me fifteen years ago that the soothsayer of the Marechale + d'Albret had predicted for you a sceptre and a crown." + </p> + <p> + At these words, the governess made me a sign to lower my voice, and said + to me, with an accent of candour and good faith, which it is impossible + for me to forget: "I confided to you at the time that puerility of + society, just as the Marechale and the Marshal (without believing it) + related it to all France. But this prognostication need not alarm you, + madame," she added; "a King like ours is incapable of such an + extravagance, and if he were to determine on it, it would not have my + countenance nor approval. + </p> + <p> + "I do not think that thus far I have passed due limits; the granddaughter + of a great noble, of a first gentleman of the chamber, I have been able to + become a lady in waiting without offending the eyes; but the lady in + waiting will never be Queen, and I give you my permission to insult me + publicly when I am." + </p> + <p> + Such was this conversation, to which I have not added a word. We shall see + soon how Madame de Maintenon kept her word to me, and if I am not right in + owing her a grudge for this promise with a double meaning, with which it + was her caprice to decoy me by her shuffling. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Birth of the Duc d'Anjou.—The Present to the Mother.—The + Casket of Patience.—Departure of the King for the Army.—The + King Turns a Deaf Ear.—How That Concerns Madame de Maintenon.—The + Prisoner of the Bastille.—The Danger of Caricatures.—The + Administrative Thermometer.—Actors Who Can neither Be Applauded nor + Hissed.—Relapse of the Prisoner.—Scarron's Will.—A Fine + Subject for Engraving.—Madame de Maintenon's Opinion upon the + Jesuits.—The Audience of the Green Salon.—Portions from the + Refectory.—Madame de Maintenon's Presence of Mind.—I Will Make + You Schoolmaster. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Madame la Dauphine, greatly pleased with her new position, in that she + represented the person of the Queen, had already given birth to M. le Duc + de Bourgogne; she now brought into the world a second son, who was at once + entitled Duc d'Anjou. The King, to thank her for this gift, made her a + present of an oriental casket, which could only be opened by a secret + spring, and that not before one had essayed it for half an hour. Madame la + Dauphine found in it a superb set of pearls and four thousand new louis + d'or. As she had no generosity in her heart, she bestowed no bounties on + her entourage. The King this year made an expedition to Flanders. Before + getting into his carriage he came and passed half an hour or forty minutes + with me, and asked me if I should not go and pass the time of his absence + at the Petit-Bourg. + </p> + <p> + "At Petit-Bourg and at Bourbon," I answered, "unless you allow me to + accompany you." He feigned not to have heard me, and said: "Lauzun, who, + eleven or twelve years ago, refused the baton of a marshal of France, asks + to accompany me into Flanders as aide-de-camp. Purge his mind of such + ideas, and give him to understand that his part is played out with me." + </p> + <p> + "What business is it of mine," I asked with vivacity, "to teach M. de + Lauzun how to behave? Let Madame de Maintenon charge herself with these + homilies; she is in office, and I am there no longer." + </p> + <p> + These words troubled the King; he said to me: + </p> + <p> + "You will do well to go to Bourbon until my return from Flanders." + </p> + <p> + He left on the following day, and the same day I took my departure. I went + to spend a week at my little convent of Saint Joseph, where the ladies, + who thought I was still in favour, received me with marks of attention and + their accustomed respect. On the third day, the prioress, announcing + herself by my second waiting-woman, came to present me with a kind of + petition or prayer, which, I confess, surprised me greatly, as I had never + commissioned any one to practise severity in my name. + </p> + <p> + A man, detained at the Bastille for the last twelve years, implored me in + this document to have compassion on his sufferings, and to give orders + which would strike off his chains and irons. + </p> + <p> + "My intention," he said, "was not, madame, to offend or harm you. Artists + are somewhat feather-headed, and I was then only twenty." This petition + was signed "Hathelin, prisoner of State." I had my horses put in my + carriage at once, and betook myself to the chateau of the Bastille, the + Governor of which I knew. + </p> + <p> + When I set foot in this formidable fortress, in spite of myself I + experienced a thrill of terror. + </p> + <p> + The attentions of public men are a thermometer, which, instead of our own + notions, is very capable of letting us know the just degree of our favour. + The Governor of the Bastille, some months before, would have saluted me + with his artillery; perhaps he still received me with a certain ceremony, + but without putting any ardour into his politeness, or drawing too much + upon himself. In such circumstances one must see without regarding these + insults of meanness, and, by a contrivance of distraction, escape from + vile affronts. The object of my expedition being explained, the Governor + found on his register that poor Hathelin, aged thirty-two to thirty-four + years, was an engraver by profession. The lieutenant-general of police had + arrested him long ago for a comic or satirical engraving on the subject of + M. le Marquis de Montespan and the King. + </p> + <p> + I desired to see Hathelin, quite determined to ask his pardon for all his + sufferings, with which I was going to occupy myself exclusively until I + was successful. The Governor, a man all formality and pride, told me that + he had not the necessary authority for this communication; I was obliged + to return to my carriage without having tranquillised my poor captive. + </p> + <p> + The same evening I called upon the lieutenant-general of police, and, + after having eloquently pleaded the cause of this forgotten young man, I + discovered that there was no 'lettre de cachet' to his prejudice, and + procured his liberation. + </p> + <p> + He came to pay his respects and thanks to me, in my parlour at Saint + Joseph, on the very day of his liberation. He seemed to me much younger + than his age, which astonished me greatly after his misfortunes. I gave + him six thousand francs, in order to indemnify him slightly for that + horrible Bastille. At first he hesitated to take them. + </p> + <p> + "Let your captivity be a lesson to you," I said to him; "the affairs of + kings do not concern us. When such actors occupy the scene, it is + permissible neither to applaud nor to hiss." + </p> + <p> + Hathelin promised me to be good, and for the future to concern himself + only with his graver and his private business. He wished me a thousand + good wishes, with an expansion of heart which caused his tears and mine to + flow. But artists are not made like other men; he, for all his good heart, + was gifted with one of those ardent imaginations which make themselves + critics and judges of notable personages, and, above all, of favourites of + fortune. Barely five or six months had elapsed when Hathelin published a + new satirical plate, in which Madame de Maintenon was represented as + weeping, or pretending to weep, over the sick-bed of M. Scarron. The dying + man was holding an open will in his hand, in which one could read these + words: "I leave you my permission to marry again—a rich and serious + man—more so than I am." + </p> + <p> + The print had already been widely distributed when the engraver and his + plate were seized. This time Hathelin had not the honour of the Bastille; + he was sent to some depot. And although his action was absolutely fresh + and unknown to me, all Paris was convinced that I had inspired his + unfortunate talent. Madame de Maintenon was convinced of it, and believes + it still. The King has done me the honour to assure me lately that he had + banished the idea from his mind; but he was so persuaded of it at first + that he could not pardon me for so black an intrigue, and, but for the + fear of scandal, would have hanged the engraver, Hathelin, in order to + provide my gentlemen, the engravers, with a subject for a fine plate. + </p> + <p> + About the same time, the Jesuits caused Madame de Maintenon a much more + acute pain than that of the ridiculous print. She endured this blow with + her accustomed courage; nevertheless, she conceived such a profound + aversion to the leaders of this ever-restless company, that she has never + been seen in their churches, and was at the greatest pains to rob them of + the interior of Saint Cyr. "They are men of intrigue," she said to Madame + de Montchevreuil, her friend and confidante. "The name of Jesus is always + in their mouths, he is in their solemn device, they have taken him for + their banner and namesake; but his candour, his humility are unknown to + them. They would like to order everything that exists, and rule even in + the palaces of kings. Since they have the privilege and honour of + confessing our monarch, they wish to impose the same bondage upon me. + Heaven preserve me from it! I do not want rectors of colleges and + professors to direct my unimportant conscience. I like a confessor who + lets you speak, and not those who put words into your mouth." + </p> + <p> + With the intention of mortifying her and then of being able to publish the + adventure, they charged one of their instruments to seek her out at + Versailles in order to ask an audience of her, not as a Jesuit, but as a + plain churchman fallen upon adversity. + </p> + <p> + The petition of this man having been admitted, he received a printed form + which authorised him to appear before madame at her time of good works, + for she had her regular hours for everything. He was introduced into the + great green salon, which was destined, as one knows, for this kind of + audience. There were many people present, and before all this company this + old fox thus unfolded himself: + </p> + <p> + "Madame, I bless the Sovereign Dispenser of all things for what he has + done for you; you have merited his protection from your tenderest youth. + When, after your return from Martinique, you came to dwell in the little + town of Niort, with your lady mother, I saw you often in our Jesuit + church, which was at two paces from your house. Your modesty, your youth, + your respectful tenderness towards Madame la Baronne d'Aubigne, your + excellent mother, attracted the attention of our community, who saw you + every day in the temple with a fresh pleasure, as you can well imagine. + Madame la Baronne died; and we learnt that those tremendous lawsuits with + the family not having been completed before her death, she left you, and + M. Charles, your brother, in the most frightful poverty. At that news, our + Fathers (who are so charitable, so compassionate) ordered me to reserve + every day, for the two young orphans, two large portions from the + refectory, and to bring them to you myself in your little lodging. + </p> + <p> + "To-day, being no longer, owing to my health, in the congregation of the + Jesuit Fathers, I should be glad to obtain a place conformable with my + ancient occupations. My good angel has inspired me with the thought, + madame, to come and solicit your powerful protection and your good + graces." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, having sustained this attack with fortitude, and it + was not without vigour, replied to the petitioner: "I have had the honour + of relating to his Majesty, not so very long ago, the painful and + afflicting circumstance which you have just recalled to me. Your + companions, for one fortnight, were at the pains to send to my little + brother and to me a portion of their food. Our relations; who enjoyed all + our property, had reduced us to indigence. But, as soon as my position was + ameliorated, I sent fifteen hundred francs to the Reverend Father Superior + of the Jesuits for his charities. That manner of reimbursement has not + acquitted me, and I could not see an unfortunate man begging me for + assistance without remembering what your house once did for me. I do not + remember your face, monsieur, but I believe your simple assertion. If you + are in holy orders I will recommend you to the Archbishop of Rouen, who + will find you a place suitable for you. Are you in holy orders?" + </p> + <p> + "No, madame," replied the ex-Jesuit; "I was merely a lay brother." + </p> + <p> + "In that case," replied the Marquise, "we can offer you a position as + schoolmaster; and the Jesuit Fathers, if they have any esteem for you, + should have rendered you this service, for they have the power to do that, + and more." + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h1> + BOOK 7. + </h1> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXVII + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The King Takes Luxembourg Because It Is His Will.—Devastation of the + Electorate of Treves.—The Marquis de Louvois.—His Portrait.—The + Marvels Which He Worked.—The Le Tellier and the Mortemart.—The + King Destines De Mortemart to a Colbert.—How One Manages Not to Bow.—The + Dragonades.—A Necessary Man.—Money Makes Fat.—Meudon.—The + Horoscope. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + This journey to Flanders did not keep the King long away from his capital. + And, withal, he made two fine and rich conquests, short as the space of + time was. The important town of Luxembourg was necessary to him. He wanted + it. The Marechal de Crequi invested this place with an army of thirty + thousand men, and made himself master of it at the end of a week. + </p> + <p> + Immediately after the King marched to the Electorate of Treves, which had + belonged, he said, to the former kingdom of Austrasia. He had no trouble + in mastering it, almost all the imperial forces being in Hungary, Austria, + and in those cantons where the Ottomans had called for them. The town of + Treves humbly recognised the King of France as its lord and suzerain. Its + fine fortifications were levelled at once, and our victories were, + unhappily, responsible for the firing, pillage, and devastation of almost + the whole Electorate. For the Duke of Crequi, faithful executor of the + orders of Louvois, imagined that a sovereign is only obeyed when he proves + himself stern and inflexible. + </p> + <p> + In the first years of my favour, the Marquis de Louvois enjoyed my entire + confidence, and, I must admit, my highest esteem. Independently of his + manners, which are, when he wishes, those of the utmost amiability, I + remarked in him an industrious and indefatigable minister, an intelligent + man, as well instructed in the mass as in details; a mind fertile in + resources, means, and expedients; an administrator, a jurist, a + theologian, a man of letters and of affairs, an artist, an agriculturist, + a soldier. + </p> + <p> + Loving pleasure, yet knowing how to despise it in favour of the needs of + the State and the care of affairs, this minister concentrated in his own + person all the other ministries, which moved only by his impulse and + guiding hand. + </p> + <p> + Did the King, followed by his whole Court, arrive in fearful weather by + the side of some vast and swollen river, M. de Louvois, alighting from his + carriage, would sweep the horizon with a single glance. He would designate + on the spot the farms, granaries, mills, and chateaux necessary to the + passage of a fastidious king on his travels. A general repast, appropriate + and sufficient, issued at his voice as it had been from the bowels of the + earth. An abundance of mattresses received provisionally the more or less + delicate forms, stretched out in slumber or fatigue. And in the depth of + the night, by the light of a thousand flaring torches, a vast bridge, + constructed hastily, in spite of wind and rain, permitted the royal + carriage and the host of other vehicles to cross the stream, and find on + the further bank succulent dishes and voluptuous apartments. + </p> + <p> + This prodigious energy, which created results by pulverising obstacles, + had rendered the minister not only agreeable but precious to a young + sovereign, who, unable to tolerate delays and resistance, desired in all + things to attain and succeed. The King, without looking too closely at the + means, loved the results which were the consequences of such a genius, and + he rewarded with a limitless confidence the intrepid and often culpable + zeal of a minister who procured him hatred. + </p> + <p> + When the passions of the conqueror, owing to success, grew calm, he + studied more tranquilly both his own desires and his coadjutor's. The King + by nature is neither inhuman nor savage, and he knew that Louvois was like + Phalaris in these points. Then he was at as much pains to repress this + unpopular humour as he had shown indifference before in allowing it to + act. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis de Louvois (who did not like me) had lavished his incense upon + me, in order that some fumes of it might float up to the prince. He saw me + beloved and, as it were, almost omnipotent; he sought my alliance with + ardour. The family of Le Tellier is good enough for a judicial and legal + family; but what bonds are there between the Louvois and the Mortemart? No + matter: ambition puts a thick bandage over the eyes of those whom it + inspires; the Marquis wished to marry his daughter to my nephew, De + Mortemart!!! + </p> + <p> + I communicated this proposition to the King. His Majesty said to me: "I am + delighted that he has committed the grave fault of approaching any one + else than me about this marriage. Answer him, if you please, that it is my + province alone to marry the daughters, and even the sons of my ministers. + Louvois has thus far helped me to spend enormous sums. M. Colbert has + assisted me to heap up treasure. It is for one of the Colberts that I + destine your nephew; for I have made up my mind that the three sisters + shall be duchesses." + </p> + <p> + In effect, his Majesty caused this marriage; and the Marquis de Louvois + had the jaundice over it for more than a fortnight. + </p> + <p> + Since that time his assiduities have been enlightened. He puts respect + into his reverences; and when our two coachmen carried our equipages past + each other on the same, road, he read some documents in order to avoid + saluting me. + </p> + <p> + In the affair of the Protestants, he caused what was at first only + anxiety, religious zeal, and distrust to turn into rebellion. In order to + make himself necessary, he proposed his universal and permanent patrols + and dragoons. He caused certain excesses to be committed in order to raise + a cry of disorder; and a measure which could have been effective without + ceasing to be paternal became, in his hands, an instrument of dire + persecution. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, having learnt that Louvois, to exonerate himself, was + secretly designating her as the real author of these rigorous and + lamentable counsels, made complaint of it to the King, and publicly + censured his own brother, who, in order to make himself agreeable to the + Jesuits, to Bossuet, and to Louvois, had made himself a little hero in his + provincial government. + </p> + <p> + The great talents of M. de Louvois, and the difficulty of replacing him, + became his refuge and safeguard. But, from the moment that he no longer + received the intimate confidence of the King, and the esteem of the lady + in waiting who sits upon the steps of the throne, he can only look upon + himself at Versailles as a traveller with board and lodging. + </p> + <p> + His revenues are incalculable. The people, seeing his enormous corpulence, + maintain, or pretend, that he is stuffed with gold. His general + administration of posts alone is worth a million. His other offices are in + proportion. + </p> + <p> + His chateau of Meudon-Fleury, a magical and quite ideal site, is the + finest pleasure-house that ever yet the sun shone on. The park and the + gardens are in the form of an amphitheatre, and are, in my opinion, + sublime, in a far different way from those of Vaux. M. Fouquet, condemned + to death, in punishment for his superb chateau, died slowly in prison; the + Marquis de Louvois will not, perhaps, die in a stronghold; but his + horoscope has already warned that minister to be prepared for some great + adversity. He knows it; sometimes he is concerned about it; and everything + leads one to believe that he will come to a bad end. He has done more harm + than people believe. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXVIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Reformed Religion and Painting on Enamel—Petitot and + Heliogabalus.—Theological Discussion with the Marquise.—The + King's Intervention.—Louis XIV. Renders His Account to the Christian + and Most Christian Painter.—The King's Word Is Not to Be Resisted.—Revocation + of the Edict of Nantes. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + At the moment when the first edicts, were issued against the public + exercise of the Reformed Religion, the famous and incomparable Petitot, + refusing all the supplications of France and of Europe, executed for me, + in my chateau of Clagny, five infinitely precious portraits, upon which it + was his caprice only to work alternately, and which still demanded from + him a very great number of sittings. One of these five portraits was that + of the King, copied from that great and magnificent picture of Mignard, + where he was represented at the age of twenty, in the costume of a Greek + hero, in all the lustre of his youth. His Majesty had given me this little + commission for more than a year, and I desired, with all my heart, to be + able soon to fulfil his expectation. He destined this miniature for the + Emperor of China or the Sultan. + </p> + <p> + I went to see M. Petitot at Clagny. When he saw me he came to me with a + wrathful air, and, presenting me his unfinished enamel, he said to me: + "Here, madame, is your Greek hero; his new edicts finish us, but, as for + me, I shall not finish him. With the best intentions in the world, and all + the respect that is due to him, my just resentment would pass into my + brush; I should give him the traits of Heliogabalus, which would probably + not delight him." + </p> + <p> + "Do you think so, monsieur?" said I to my artist. "Is it thus you speak of + the King, our master,—of a King who has affection for you, and has + proved it to: you so many times?" + </p> + <p> + "My memory, recalls to me all that his munificence: has done for my talent + in a thousand instances," went on the painter; "but his edicts, his cruel + decrees, have upset my heart, and the persecutor of the true Christians no + longer merits my consideration or good-will." + </p> + <p> + I had been ignorant hitherto of the faith which this able man professed; + he informed me that he worshipped God in another fashion than ours, and + made common cause with the Protestants. + </p> + <p> + "Well," said I to him then, "what have you to complain of in the new + edicts and decrees? They only concern, so far, your ministers,—I + should say, your priests; you are not one, and are never likely to be; + what do these new orders of the Council matter to you?" + </p> + <p> + "Madame," resumed Petitot, "our ministers, by preaching the holy gospel, + fulfil the first of their duties. The King forbids them to preach; then, + he persecutes them and us. In the thousand and one religions which exist, + the cause of the priests and the sanctuary becomes the cause of the + faithful. Our priests are not imbecile Trappists and Carthusians, to be + reduced to inaction and silence. Since their tongues are tied, they are + resolved to depart; and their departure becomes an exile which it is our + duty to share. If you will entrust me with your portraits which have been + commenced, with the exception of that of Heliogabalus, I will finish them + in a hospitable land, and shall have the honour of sending them to you, + already fired and in all their perfection." + </p> + <p> + Petitot, until this political crisis, had only exhibited himself to me + beneath an appearance of simplicity and good-nature. Now his whole face + was convulsed and almost threatening; when I looked at him he made me + afraid. I did not amuse myself by discussing with him matters upon which + we were, both of us, more or less ignorant. I did all that could be done + to introduce a little calm into his superstitious head, and to gain the + necessary time for the completion of my five portraits. I was careful not + to confide to the King this qualification of Heliogabalus; but as his + intervention was absolutely necessary to me, I persuaded him to come and + spend half an hour at this chateau of Clagny, which he had deserted for a + long time past. + </p> + <p> + "Your presence," I said to him, "will perhaps take the edge off the + theological irritation of your fanatical painter. A little royal amenity, + a little conversation and blandishment, a la Louis XIV., will seduce his + artistic vanity. At the cost of that, your portrait, Sire, will be + terminated. It would not be without." + </p> + <p> + The surprise of his Majesty was extreme when he had to learn and + comprehend that the prodigious talent of Petitot was joined to a Huguenot + conscience, and this talent spoke of expatriating itself. "I will go to + Clagny to-morrow," replied the prince to me; and he went there, in fact, + accompanied by the Marquise de Montchevreuil and Madame la Dauphine, in an + elaborate neglige. + </p> + <p> + "Good-day, Monsieur Petitot," said the monarch to our artist, who rose on + seeing him enter. "I come to contemplate your new masterpieces. Is my + little miniature near completion?" + </p> + <p> + "Sire," replied Petitot, "it will not be for another six weeks. All these + affairs and decrees have deprived me of many hours; my heart is heavy over + it!" + </p> + <p> + "And why do you busy yourself with these discussions, with which your + great talent has no concern?" said the King to him, gently. + </p> + <p> + "Sire, it is my religion that is more concerned than ever. I am a + Christian, and my law is dear to me." + </p> + <p> + "And I am Most Christian," answered his Majesty, smiling. "I profess the + religion, I keep the law that your ancestors and mine kept before the + Reformation." + </p> + <p> + "Sire, this reform has been adopted by a great number of monarchs,—a + proof that the Reformation is not the enemy of kings, as is said." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, in the case of wise and honest men like yourself, my good friend + Petitot; but just as all your brothers have not your talents, so they have + not your rectitude and loyalty, which are known to me." + </p> + <p> + "Sire, your Majesty overwhelms me; but I beg you to be persuaded that my + brothers have been calumniated." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, if one is to accuse them in the mass, my dear Petitot; but there are + spoil-alls amongst your theologians; intercepted correspondences depose to + it. The allied princes, having been unable to crush me by their invasions + and artillery, have recourse to internal and clandestine manoeuvres. + Having failed to corrupt my soldiers, they have essayed to corrupt my + clergy, as they did at Montauban and La Rochelle, in the days of Cardinal + Richelieu." + </p> + <p> + "Sire, do not believe in any such manoeuvres; all your subjects love and + admire you, whatever be their faith and communion." + </p> + <p> + "Petitot, you are an admirable painter and a most worthy man. Do not + answer me, I beg you. If I believed you had as much genius and aptitude + for great affairs as for the wonders of the brush, I would make you a + Counsellor of State on the instant, and a half-hour spent with me and my + documents and papers of importance would be sufficient to make you believe + and think as I do touching what has been discussed between us. Madame de + Montespan, in great alarm, has told me that you wished to leave me. You + leave me, my good friend! Where will you find a sky so pure and soft as + the sky of France? Where will you find a King more tenderly attached to + men of merit, more particularly, to my dear and illustrious Petitot?" + </p> + <p> + At these words, pronounced with emotion, the artist felt the tears come + into his eyes. He bent one knee to the ground, respectfully kissed the + hand of the monarch, and promised to complete his portrait immediately. + </p> + <p> + He kept his word to us. The King's miniature and my four portraits were + finished without hesitation or postponement; and Petitot also consented to + copy, for his Majesty, a superb Christine of Sweden, a full-length + picture, painted by Le Bourdon. But at the final revocation of the Edict + of Nantes, he thought his conscience, or rather his vanity, compromised, + and quitted France, although the King offered to allow him a chaplain of + his communion, and a dispensation from all the oaths, to Petitot himself, + to Boyer, his brother-in-law, and the chaplain whom they had retained with + them. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XXXIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Lovers' Vows.—The Body-guards.—Racine's Phedre.—The Pit.—Allusions.—The + Duel.—M. de Monclar.—The Cowled Spy.—He Escapes with a + Fright.—M. de Monclar in Jersey.—Gratitude of the Marquise.—Happy + Memory. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Lovers, in the effervescence of their passion, exaggerate to themselves + the strength and intensity of their sentiments. The momentary, pleasure + that this agreeable weakness causes them to feel, brings them, in spite of + themselves, to promise a long duration of it, so that they swear eternal + fidelity, a constancy, proof against all, two days after that one which + shone on their most recent infidelity. I had seen the King neglect and + abandon the amiable La Valliere, and I listened to him none the less + credulously and confidently when he said to me: "Athenais, we have been + created for each other: if Heaven were suddenly to deprive me of the + Queen, I would have your marriage dissolved, and, before the altar and the + world, join your destiny, to mine." + </p> + <p> + Full of these fantastic ideas, in which my hope and desire and credulity + were centred, I had accepted those body-guards of state who never left my + carriage. The poor Queen had murmured: I had disdained her murmurs. The + public had manifested its disapproval: I had hardened myself and fought + against the insolent opinion of that public. I could not renounce my + chimera of royalty, based on innumerable probabilities, and I used my + guards in anticipation, and as a preliminary. + </p> + <p> + One of them, one day, almost lost his life in following my carriage, which + went along like a whirlwind. His horse fell on the high road to + Versailles; his thigh was broken, and his body horribly bruised. I + descended from my carriage to see after him. I confided him, with the most + impressive recommendations, to the physician or surgeon of Viroflai, who + lavished on him his attentions, his skill and zeal, and who sent him back + quite sound after a whole month of affectionate care. + </p> + <p> + The young Baron de Monclar (such was the name of this guard) thought + himself happy in having merited my favour by this accident, and he + remained sincerely and finally attached to me. + </p> + <p> + At the time of the temporary triumph of Mademoiselle de Fontanges, the + spell which was over my eyes was dissipated. The illusions of my youth + were lost, and I saw, at last, the real distance which divided me from the + steps of the throne. The health of a still youthful Queen seemed to me as + firm and unalterable then as it appeared to me weak and uncertain before. + The inconstancy of the monarch warned me of what might be still in store + for me, and I resolved to withdraw myself, voluntarily and with prudence, + within the just limits of my power. + </p> + <p> + M. le Prince de Luxembourg was one of my friends, and in command; I begged + him to send me his guards no longer, but to reserve them for the reigning + divinity, who had already more than once obtained them. + </p> + <p> + In these latter days, that is to say, since the eminent favour of the lady + in waiting, having become the friend, and no longer the spouse of the + prince, I frequently retired from this sight, so repugnant to me, and went + and passed entire weeks at Paris, where the works on my large hotel, that + had been suspended for divers reasons, were being resumed. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="pb236" id="pb236"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="pb236.jpg (69K)" src="images/pb236.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + A debutante, as beautiful as she was clever, was drawing the entire + capital to the Comedie Francaise. She obtained especial applause in the + difficult part of Phedre. My friends spoke marvels of it, and wished to + take me there with them. Their box was engaged. We arrived as the curtain + was going up. As I took my seat I noticed a certain stir in the orchestra + and pit. The majority of glances were directed at my box, in which my + apparition had attracted curiosity. I carried my fan to my face, under the + pretext of the excessive glow of the lights. Immediately several voices + were to be heard: "Take away the fan, if you please." The young and + foolish applauded this audacity; but all the better part disapproved. + </p> + <p> + The actress mentioned came on the scene and brought the incident to an + end. Although deeply moved by what had occurred, I paid great attention to + the magnificent part of Phedre, which often excited my admiration and + profound pity. At some passages, which every one knows by heart, two or + three insolent persons abandoned themselves to a petty war of allusions, + and accenting these aggressive phrases with their applause, succeeded in + directing general attention to me. Officers of the service noticed this + beginning of disorder, and probably were concerned at my embarrassment. + Some Gardes Francais were called within the barrier of the parterre in + order to restrain the disturbers. Suddenly a very lively quarrel broke out + in the centre. Two young men with great excitement had come to blows, and + soon we saw them sally forth with the openly expressed intention of + settling their quarrel on the field. + </p> + <p> + Was it my name, or a contest as to the talent of the actress, which caused + this commotion? My nephew, De Mortemart, was concerned for me, and the + Comte de Marcilly assured us that all these wrangles were solely with + regard to the wife of Theseus. + </p> + <p> + Between the two pieces our company learnt that a gentleman from the + provinces had insulted my name, and a body-guard, out of uniform, had + taken this insult for himself; they had gone out to have an explanation. + </p> + <p> + The following day a religious minim of the House of Chaillot came to + inform me of the state of affairs. The Baron de Monclar, of the + body-guards of the King, had taken sanctuary in their monastery, after + having killed, in lawful duel, beneath the outer walls of the Bois du + Boulogne, the imprudent young man who, the night before, at the play, had + exposed me to the censure of the public. M. de Monclar was quite prepared + for the inflexible severity of the King, as well as for the uselessness of + my efforts. He only begged me to procure him a disguise of a common sort, + so that he might immediately embark from the neighbourhood of Gainville or + Bordeaux, and make for England or Spain; every moment was precious. + </p> + <p> + The sad position in which M. de Monclar had put himself in my behalf + filled me with sorrow. I gave a long sigh, and dried my first tears. I + racked my sick and agitated head for the reply I ought to make to the good + monk, and, to my great astonishment, my mind, ordinarily so prompt and + active, suggested and offered me no suitable plan. This indecision, + perhaps, rendered the worthy ambassador impatient and humiliated me; when, + to end it, I made up my mind to request that M. de Monclar be secretly + transferred from the House of Chaillot to my dwelling, where I should have + time and all possible facilities to take concert with him as to the best + means of action. + </p> + <p> + Suddenly raising my eyes to the monk of Chaillot, I surprised in his a + ferocious look of expectation. This horrible discovery unnerved me,—I + gave a cry of terror; all my lackeys rushed in. I ordered the traitor to + be seized and precipitated from the height of my balcony into the gardens. + His arms were already bound ruthlessly, and my people were lifting him to + throw him down, when he eluded their grasp, threw himself at my feet, and + confessed that his disguise was assumed with the intent to discover the + sanctuary of the Baron de Monclar, the assassin of his beloved brother. + "It is asserted, madame," added this man, rising, "that the Baron is + confided to the Minim Fathers of Chaillot. I imagined that you were + informed of it, and that by this means my family would succeed in reaching + him." + </p> + <p> + "If he has killed the nobody who yesterday insulted me so unjustly," I + said then to this villain who was ready for death, "he has done a virtuous + act, but one which I condemn. I condemn it because of the law of the + Prince, which is formal, and because of the dire peril into which he has + run; for that my heart could almost praise and thank him. I was ignorant + of his offence; I am ignorant of his place of refuge. Whoever you may be,—the + agent of a family in mourning, or of a magistrate who forgets what is due + to me,—leave my house before my wrath is rekindled. Depart, and + never forget what one gains by putting on the livery of deceit in order to + surprise and betray innocence." + </p> + <p> + My people conducted this unworthy man to the outer gate, and refused to + satisfy some prayers which he addressed to them to be released from his + disagreeable bonds. The public, with its usual inconsequence, followed the + monk with hooting, without troubling as to whether it were abusing a vile + spy or a man of worth. + </p> + <p> + We waited for a whole month without receiving any news of our guard. At + last he wrote to me from the island of Jersey, where he had been cast by a + storm. I despatched the son of my intendant, who knew him perfectly; I + sent him a letter of recommendation to his Majesty the King of England, + who had preserved me in his affections, and to those matters of pure + obligation, which I could not refrain from without cruelty, I added a + present of a hundred thousand livres, which was enough to furnish an + honourable condition for my noble and generous cavalier in the land of + exile. + </p> + <p> + The humour of my heart is of the kind which finishes by forgetting an + injury and almost an outrage; but a service loyally rendered is graven + upon it in uneffaceable characters, and when (at the solicitation of the + King of England) our monarch shall have pardoned M. de Monclar, I will + search all through Paris to find him a rich and lovely heiress, and will + dower him myself, as his noble conduct and my heart demand. + </p> + <p> + I admire great souls as much as I loathe ingratitude and villainy. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XL. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Parallel between the Diamond and the Sun.—Taste of the Marquise for + Precious Stones.—The King's Collection of Medals.—The Crown of + Agrippina.—The Duchess of York.—Disappointment of the + Marquise.—To Lend Is Not to Give.—The Crown Well Guarded.—Fright + of the Marquise.—The Thief Recognised.—The Marquise Lets Him + Hang.—The Difference between Cromwell and a Trunkmaker.—Delicate + Restitutions.—The Bourbons of Madame de Montespan. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The diamond is, beyond contradiction, the most beautiful creation of the + hands of God, in the order of inanimate objects. This precious stone, as + durable as the sun, and far more accessible than that, shines with the + same fire, unites all its rays and colours in a single facet, and lavishes + its charms, by night and day, in every clime, at all seasons; whilst the + sun appears only when it so pleases; sometimes shining, sometimes misty, + and shows itself off with innumerable pretensions. + </p> + <p> + From my tenderest childhood, I was notable amongst all my brothers and + sisters for my distinct fondness for precious stones and diamonds. I have + made a collection of them worthy of the Princes of Asia; and if my whole + fortune were to fail me to-day, my pearls and diamonds, being left to me, + would still give me opulence. The King, by a strange accident, shares this + taste with me. He has in his third closet two huge pedestals, veneered in + rosewood, and divided within, like cabinets of coins, into several layers. + It is there that he has conveyed, one by one, all the finest diamonds of + the Crown. He consecrates to their examination, their study, and their + homage, the brief moments that his affairs leave him. And when, by his + ambassadors, he comes to discover some new apparition of this kind in Asia + or Europe, he does all that is possible to distance his competitors. + </p> + <p> + When he loved me with a tender love, I had only to wish and I obtained + instantly all that could please me, in rare pearls, in superfine + brilliants, sapphires, emeralds, and rubies. One day, his Majesty allowed + me to carry home the famous crown of Agrippina, executed with admirable + art, and formed of eight sprays of large brilliants handsomely mounted. + This precious object occupied me for several days in succession, and the + more I examined the workmanship, the more I marvelled at its lightness and + excellence, which was so great that our jewellers, compared with those of + Nero and Agrippina, were as artisans and workmen. + </p> + <p> + The King, having never spoken to me again of this ornament, I persuaded + myself that he had made me a present of it,—a circumstance which + confirmed me in the delusions of my hope. I thought then that I ought not + to leave in its light case an article of such immense value, and ordered a + strong and solid casket in which to enshrine my treasure. + </p> + <p> + The imperial crown having been encased and its clasps well adjusted by as + many little locks of steel, I shut the illustrious valuable in a cupboard + in which I had a quantity of jewelry and precious stones. This beautiful + crown was the constant object of my thoughts, my affections and my + preference; but I only looked at it myself at long intervals, every six + months, very briefly, for fear of exciting the cupidity of servants, and + exposing the glory of Agrippina to some danger. + </p> + <p> + When the Princess of Mantua passed through France on her way to marry the + Duke of York, whose first wife had left him a widower, the King gave a + brilliant reception to this young and lovely creature, daughter of a niece + of Cardinal Mazarin. + </p> + <p> + The conversation was uniformly most agreeable, for she spoke French with + fluency, and employed it with wit. There was talk of open-work crowns and + shut crowns. The Marquis de Dangeau, something of a savant and antiquary, + happened to remark that, under Nero, that magnificent prince, the imperial + crown had first been wrought in the form of an arch, such as is seen now. + </p> + <p> + The King said then: "I was ignorant of that fact; but the crown of the + Empress, his mother, was not closed at all. The one which belongs to me is + authentic; Madame la Marquise will show it to us:" + </p> + <p> + A gracious invitation in dumb show completed this species of summons, and + I was obliged to execute it. I returned to the King in the space of a few + minutes, bringing back in its new case the fugitive present, which a + monarch asked back again so politely and with such a good grace. + </p> + <p> + The crown of Agrippina, being placed publicly on a small round table, + excited general attention and admiration. The Italian Princess, Madame de + Maintenon, the Duc de Saint Aignan, and Dangeau himself went into raptures + over the rare perfection of these marvellously assorted brilliants. The + King, drawing near, in his turn examined the masterpiece with pleasure. + Suddenly, looking me in the face, he cried: + </p> + <p> + "But, madame, this is no longer my crown of Agrippina; all the diamonds + have been changed!" + </p> + <p> + Imagine my trouble, and, I must say, my confusion! Approaching the + wretched object, and casting my eyes over it with particular attention, I + was not slow in verifying the King's assertion. The setting of this fine + work had remained virtually the same; but some bold hand had removed the + antique diamonds and substituted—false! + </p> + <p> + I was pale and trembling, and on the verge of swooning. The ladies were + sorry for me. The King did me the honour of declaring aloud that I had + assuredly been duped, and I was constrained to explain this removal of the + crown into a more solid and better case for its preservation. + </p> + <p> + At this naive explanation the King fell to laughing, and said to the young + Princess: "Madame, you will relate, if you please, this episode to the + Court of London, and you will tell the King, from me, that nothing is so + difficult to preserve now as our crowns; guards and locks are no more of + use." + </p> + <p> + Then, addressing me, his Majesty said, playfully: + </p> + <p> + "You should have entrusted it to me sooner; I should have saved it. It is + said that I understand that well." + </p> + <p> + My amour-propre, my actual honour, forbade me to put a veil over this + domestic indignity. I assembled all my household, without excepting my + intendant himself. I was aggrieved at the affront which I had met with at + the King's, and I read grief and consternation on all faces. After some + minutes' silence, my intendant proposed the immediate intervention of + authority, and made me understand with ease that only the casket-maker + could be the culprit. + </p> + <p> + This man's house was visited; he had left Paris nearly two years before. + Further information told us that, before disposing of his property, he had + imprudently indulged in a certain ostentation of fortune, and had embarked + for the new settlements of Pondicherry. + </p> + <p> + M. Colbert, who is still living, charged our governor to discover the + culprit for him; and he was sent back to us with his hands and feet bound. + </p> + <p> + Put to the question, he denied at first, then confessed his crime. One of + my chamber—maids, to whom he had made feigned love, introduced him + into my house while I was away, and by the aid of this imprudent woman he + had penetrated into my closets. The crown of Agrippina, which it had been + necessary to show him because of the measures, had become almost as dear + to him as to myself; and his ambition of another kind inspired him with + his criminal and fatal temerity. + </p> + <p> + He did no good by petitioning me, and having me solicited after the + sentence; I let him hang, as he richly deserved. + </p> + <p> + The King said on this occasion: "This casketmaker has, at least, left us + the setting, but M. Cromwell took all." + </p> + <p> + The fortunate success of this affair restored me, not to cheerfulness, but + to that honourable calm which had fled far away from me. I made a + reflection this time on my extreme imprudence, and understood that all the + generosities of love are often no more than loans. I noticed amongst my + jewels a goblet of gold, wrought with diamonds and rubies, which came from + the first of the Medici princesses. I waited for the King's fete to return + this magnificent ornament to him nobly. I had a lily executed, all of + emeralds and fine pearls; I poured essence of roses into the cup, placed + in it the stem of the lily, in the form of a bouquet for the prince, and + that was my present for Saint Louis's day. + </p> + <p> + I gave back to the King, by degrees, at least three millions' worth of + important curiosities, which were like drops of water poured into the + ocean. But I was anxious that, if God destined me to perish by a sudden + death, objects of this nature should not be seen and discovered amid my + treasure. + </p> + <p> + As to my other diamonds, either changed in form or acquired and collected + by myself, I destine them for my four children by the King. These pomps + will have served to delight my eyes, which are pleased with them, and then + they will go down to their first origin and source, belonging again to the + Bourbons whom I have made. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Duchesse de Lesdiguieres.—Her Jest.—"The Chaise of + Convenience."—Anger of the Jesuits.—They Ally Themselves with + the Archbishop of Paris.—The Forty Hours' Prayers.—Thanks of + the Marquise to the Prelate.—His Visit to Saint Joseph.—Anger + of the Marquise.—Her Welcome to the Prelate. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The insult offered me at the Comedie Francaise by a handful of the + thoughtless immediately spread through the capital, and became, as it is + easy to imagine, the talk of all the salons. I was aware that the Duchesse + de Lesdiguieres was keenly interested in this episode, and had embellished + and, as it were, embroidered it with her commentaries and reflections. All + these women who misconduct themselves are pitiless and severe. The more + their scandalous conduct brands them on the forehead, the more they cry + out against scandal. Their whole life is bemired with vice, and their + mouth articulates no other words than prudence and virtue, like those + corrupt and infected doctors who have no indulgence for their patients. + </p> + <p> + The Duchesse de Lesiguieres, for a long time associated with the + Archbishop of Paris, and known to live with that prelate like a miller + with his wife, dared to say, in her salon that my presence at Racine's + tragedy was, at the least, very useless, and the public having come there + to see a debutante, certainly did not expect me. + </p> + <p> + The phrase was repeated to me, word for word by my sister De Thianges, who + did not conceal her anger, and wished to avenge me, if I did not avenge + myself. The Marquise then informed me of another thing, which she had left + me in ignorance of all along, from kind motives chiefly, and to prevent + scandal. + </p> + <p> + "You remember, my sister," said the Marquise to me, "a sort of jest which + escaped you when Pere de la Chaise made the King communicate, in spite of + all the noise of his new love affair and the follies of Mademoiselle de + Fontanges? You nicknamed that benevolent Jesuit 'the Chaise of + Convenience.' Your epigram made all Paris laugh except the hypocrites and + the Jesuits. Those worthy men resolved to have full satisfaction for your + insult by stirring up the whole of Paris against you. The Archbishop + entered readily into their plot, for he thought you supplanted; and he + granted them the forty Hours' Prayers, to obtain from God your expulsion + from Court. Harlay, who is imprudent only in his debauches, preserved + every external precaution, because of the King, whose temper he knows; he + told the Jesuits that they must not expect either his pastoral letter or + his mandate, but he allowed them secret commentaries, the familiar + explanations of the confessional; he charged them to let the other monks + and priests into the secret, and the field of battle being decided, the + skirmishes began. With the aid and assistance of King David, that trivial + breastplate of every devotional insult, the preachers announced to their + congregations that they must fast and mortify themselves for the cure of + King David, who had fallen sick. The orators favoured with some wit + embellished their invectives; the ignorant and coarse amongst the priests + spoiled everything. The Blessed Sacrament was exposed for a whole week in + the churches, and it ended by an announcement to Israel, that their cry + had reached the firmament, that David had grown cold to Bathsheba (they + did not add, nevertheless, that David preferred another to Bathsheba with + his whole heart). But the Duchesse de Fontanges gave offence neither to + the Archbishop of Paris nor to the Jesuits. Her mind showed no hostility. + The beauty was quite incapable of saying in the face of the world that a + Jesuit resembled a 'Chaise of Convenience.' + </p> + <p> + "The Duchesse de Lesdiguieres, covered with rouge and crimes, has put + herself at the head of all these intrigues," added my sister; "and without + having yet been able to subdue herself to the external parade of devotion, + she has allowed herself to use against you all the base tricks of the most + devout hypocrites." + </p> + <p> + "Let me act," I said to my sister; "this lady's good offices call for a + mark of my gratitude. The Forty Hours' Prayer is an attention that is not + paid to every one; I owe M. de Paris my thanks." + </p> + <p> + I went and sat down at my writing-table, and wrote this fine prelate the + following honeyed missive: + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + I have only just been informed, monseigneur, of the pains you have + been at with God for the amelioration of the King and of myself. The + gratitude which I feel for it cannot be expressed. I pray you to + believe it to be as pure and sincere as your intention. A good bishop, + as perfect and exemplary as yourself, is worthy of taking a passionate + interest in the regularity of monarchs, and ours must owe you the + highest rewards for this new mark of respect which it has pleased you + to give him. I will find expressions capable of making him feel all + that he owes to your Forty Hours' Prayer, and to that Christian and + charitable emotion cast in the midst of a capital and a public. To all + that only your mandate of accusation and allegorical sermons are + lacking. Cardinals' hats, they say, are made to the measure of strong + heads; we will go seek, in the robing-rooms of Rome, if there be one + to meet the proportions of your ability. If ladies had as much + honourable influence over the Vicar of Jesus Christ as simple bishops + allow them, I should solicit, this very day, your wished-for + recompense and exaltation. But it is the monarch's affair; he will + undertake it. I can only offer you, in my own person, M. Archbishop of + Paris, my prayers for yours. My little church of Saint Joseph has not + the same splendour as your cathedral; but the incense that we burn + there is of better quality than yours, for I get it from the Sultan of + Persia. I will instruct my little community to-morrow to hold our + Forty Hours' Prayer, that God may promptly cure you of your Duchesse + de Lesdiguieres, who has been damning you for fourteen years. + </p> + <p> + Deign to accept these most sincere reprisals, and believe me, without + reserve, Monsieur the Archbishop, + </p> + <p> + THE MARQUISE DE MONTESPAN. + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + This letter cast the camp into alarm. There were goings and comings + between the Episcopal Palace and the Jesuits of the Rue Saint Antoine, and + from this professed house to their College of Louis le Grand. The + matadores of the society were of opinion that I should be conciliated by + every possible means, and it was arranged that the Archbishop should pay + me a visit at Saint Joseph's, on the earliest possible occasion, to + exculpate his virtuous colleagues and make me accept his disclaimers. He + came, in effect, the following week. I made him wait for half an hour in + the chapel, for half an hour in my parlour, and I ascended into my + carriage, almost in his presence, without deigning either to see or salute + him. + </p> + <p> + The mother of four legitimised princes was not made to support such + outrages, nor to have interviews with their insolent authors. + </p> + <p> + Alarms, anxieties of consciences, weak but virtuous, have always found me + gentle, and almost resigned; the false scruples of hypocrites and + libertines will never receive from me aught but disdain and contempt. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Verse of Berenice.—Praises of Boileau.—The King's Aversion + to Satirical Writers.—The Painter Le Brun.—His Bacchus.—The + Waterbottle.—The Pyramid of Jean Chatel Injurious to the Jesuits.—They + Solicit Its Demolition.—Madame de Maintenon's Opposition.—Political + Views of Henri IV. on This Matter.—The Jesuits of Paris Proclaim the + Dedication of Their College to Louis the Great.—The Gold Pieces. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + Whatever be the issue of a liaison which cannot probably be eternal, I + have too much judgment and equity to deny the King the great talents which + are his by nature, or to dispute the surname of Great which has been given + him in his lifetime, and which the ages to come must surely preserve. But + here I am writing secret Memoirs, where I set down, as in a mirror, the + most minute traits of the personages whom I bring on the stage, and I wish + to relate in what manner and with what aim this apotheosis affected the + mind of those who flattered the prince in their own interest. + </p> + <p> + The painters and sculptors, most artful of courtiers in their calling, had + already represented the King, now with the attributes of Apollo, now in + the costume of the god Mars, of Jupiter Tonans, Neptune, lord of the + waves; now with the formidable and vigorous appearance of the great + Hercules, who strangled serpents even in his cradle. + </p> + <p> + His Majesty saw all these ingenious allegories, examined them without + vanity, with no enthusiasm, and seemed to regard them as accessories + inherent to the composition, as conventional ornaments, the good and + current small change of art. The adulations of Racine, in his "Berenice," + having all a foundation of truth, please him, but chiefly for the grace of + the poetry; and he sometimes recited them, when he wished to recall and + quote some fine verse. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> <a name="pb256" id="pb256"></a> + </p> + <div class="fig" style="width:80%;"> + <img alt="pb256.jpg (51K)" src="images/pb256.jpg" width="100%" /><br /> + </div> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The praises of Boileau, although well versified, had not, however, the + fortune to please him. He found those verses too methodical for poetry; + and the poet, moreover, seemed to him somewhat a huckster, and in bad + taste. The satirists might do what they liked, they never had his + friendship. Perhaps he feared them. + </p> + <p> + When Le Brun started preparing the magnificent cradle of the great + gallery, he composed for the ceiling rich designs or cartoons, which in + their entirety should represent the victories and great military or + legislative achievements of the prince. His work being finished, he came + to present it to his Majesty, who on that day was dining with me. In one + of the compartments the painter had depicted his hero in the guise of + Bacchus; the King immediately took up a bottle of clear water and drank a + big glass. I gave a great peal of laughter, and said to M. le Brun, "You + see, monsieur, his Majesty's decision in that libation of pure water." + </p> + <p> + M. le Brun changed his design, seeing the King had no love for Bacchus, + but he left the Thundering Jove, and all the other mythological + flatteries, in regard to which no opinion had been given. + </p> + <p> + The Jesuits for a long time past had groaned at seeing, exactly opposite + the Palace,—[In the midst of the semicircle in front of the Palais + de Justice. ]—in the centre of Paris, that humiliating pyramid which + accused them of complicity with, or inciting, the famous regicide of the + student, Jean Chatel, assassin of Henri IV. Pere de la Chaise, many times + and always in vain, had prayed his Majesty to render justice to the + virtues of his order, and to command the destruction of this slanderous + monument. The King had constantly refused, alleging to-day one motive, + to-morrow another. One day, when the professed House of Paris came to hand + him a respectful petition on the subject, his Majesty begged Madame de + Maintenon to read it to him, and engaged us to listen to it with + intelligence, in order to be able to give an opinion. + </p> + <p> + The Jesuits said in this document that the Parliament, with an excessive + zeal, had formerly pushed things much too far in this matter. "For that + Jean Chatel, student with the Jesuit Fathers, having been heard to say to + his professor that the King of Navarre, a true Huguenot, ought not to + reign over France, which was truly Catholic, the magistrates were not, + therefore, justified in concluding that that Jesuit, and all the Jesuits, + had directed the dagger of Jean Chatel, a madman." + </p> + <p> + The petition further pointed out that "the good King Henri IV., who was + better informed, had decided to recall the Society of Jesus, had + reestablished it in all his colleges, and had even chosen a confessor from + their ranks. + </p> + <p> + "This fearful pyramid, surcharged with wrathful inscriptions," added the + petition, "designates our Society as a perpetual hotbed of regicidal + conspiracy, and presents us to credulous people as an association of + ambitious, thankless and corrupt assassins!" + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [This monument represented a sort of small square temple, built of + Arcueil stone and marble. Corinthian fluted pillars formed its general + decoration, and enshrined the four fulminatory inscriptions. + Independently of the obelisk, the cupola of this temple bore eight + allegorical statues, of which the one was France in mourning; the + second, Justice raising her sword, and the others the principal + virtues of the King. On the principal side these words occurred: + "Passer-by, whosoever thou be, abhor Jean Chatel, and the Jesuits who + beguiled his youth and destroyed his reason."—EDITOR'S NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + "In the name of God, Sire, do away with this criminal and dangerous + memento of old passions, unjust hatreds, and the spirit of impiety which, + after having led astray magistrates devoid of light, serves to-day only to + beguile new generations, whom excess of light blinds," etc., etc. + </p> + <p> + When this letter was finished, the King said: + </p> + <p> + "I have never seen, the famous pyramid; one of these days I will escape, + so that I can see it without being observed." And then his Majesty asked + me what I thought of the petition. I answered that I did not understand + the inconsistency of M. de Sully, who, after consenting to the return of + the Jesuits, had left in its place the monument which accused and branded + them. I put it on Sully, the minister, because I dared not attack Henri + IV. himself. + </p> + <p> + The King answered me: "There are faults of negligence such as that in + every government and under the best administrations. King Henri my + grandfather was vivacity itself. He was easily irritated; he grew calm in + the same way. For my part, I think that he pardoned the Jesuits, as he had + the Leaguers, in the hope that his clemency would bring them all into + peaceful disposition; in which he was certainly succeeding when a + miscreant killed him." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, begged to give her opinion, expressed herself in + these terms: "Sire, this petition cannot be other than extremely well + done, since a society of clever minds have taken the work in hand. We have + not the trial of Jean Chatel before our eyes, with his interrogatories; it + is impossible for us, then, to pronounce on the facts. In any case, there + is one thing very certain: the Jesuits who are living at present are + innocent, and most innocent of the faults of their predecessors. + </p> + <p> + "The sentences and anathemas which surcharge the pyramid, as they say, can + in no way draw down upon them the anger of passers-by and the populace, + for these inscriptions, which I have read, are in bad Latin. This + monument, which is very rich and even elegant in itself, is placed upon + the site of the destroyed house of the assassin Chatel. The most ignorant + of your Parisians knows this circumstance, which he has learnt from family + traditions. It is good that the people see every day before their eyes + this solitary pyramid, which teaches how King's assassins are punished and + what is done with the houses in which they were born. + </p> + <p> + "King Henri IV., for all his gaiety, had wits enough for four; he left the + pyramid standing, like those indulgent people who compromise a great + lawsuit, but do not on that account destroy the evidence and documents. + </p> + <p> + "This monument, besides, is the work of the Parliament of Paris; that + illustrious assembly has raised it, and perhaps your Majesty might seem to + accuse justice by destroying what it has once done for a good cause." + </p> + <p> + The King smiled at the conclusions of the lady in waiting, and said to + both of us: "This is between us three, I pray you, ladies; I will keep + Pere de la Chaise amused with promises some day." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, for a brief time in her first youth a Calvinist, + cherished always in the bottom of her heart a good share of those + suspicions that Calvin's doctrine is careful to inspire against the + Jesuits. + </p> + <p> + On the other hand, she retained amongst the Parliament a large number of + friends whom she had known formerly at M. Scarron's, the son of a + counsellor of the chamber. I understood that in those circumstances she + was well pleased to prove to the gentlemen of Parliament that the + interests of their house were kept in good hands, and that she would not + abandon her friends of the Place Royale and the Marais for all the Jesuits + and all the pyramids in the world. + </p> + <p> + The Parliament, which was informed of her conduct and fidelity, bore her + infinite good-will for it. The first president, decorated with his blue + riband, came; to express his formal thanks, and begged her to accept in + perpetuity a key of honour to the High Chamber. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [In famous and unusual causes, princes, ambassadors, and keys of + honour came and occupied the lanterns, that is to say, elegant and + well furnished tribunes, from which all that passed in the grand hall + of the Parliament could be seen.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The Jesuits, for perseverance and tenacity, can be compared with spiders + who repair, or start again every instant at a damaged or broken thread. + When these good fathers knew that their petition had not triumphed + offhand, they struck out for some new road to reach the generous heart of + the monarch. Having learnt that an alderman, full of enthusiasm, had just + proposed in full assembly at the Hotel de Ville to raise a triumphal + monument to the Peacemaker of Europe, and to proclaim him Louis the Great + at a most brilliant fete, the Jesuit Fathers cleverly took the initiative, + and whilst the Hotel de Ville was deliberating to obtain his Majesty's + consent, the College of Clermont, in the Rue Saint Jacques, brought out + its annual thesis, and dedicated it to the King,—Louis the Great + (Ludovico Magno). + </p> + <p> + On the following day the masons raised scaffolding before the great door + of the college, erased the original inscription—which consisted of + the words: "College of Clermont"—to substitute for it, in letters of + gold: "Royal College of Louis the Great." These items of news reached + Versailles one after the other. The King received them with visible + satisfaction, and if only Pere de la Chaise had known how to profit at the + time by the emotion and sentiment of the prince, he would have carried off + the tall pyramid as an eagle does a sparrow. The confessor, a man of great + circumspection, dared not force his penitent's hand; he was tactful with + him in all things, and the society had the trouble of its famous cajolery + without gaining anything more at the game than compliments and gold pieces + in sufficient plenty. + </p> + <p> + Some days afterwards the monarch, of his own accord and without any + incentive, remembered the offensive and mortifying pyramid; but Madame de + Maintenon reminded him that it was desirable to wait, for scoffers would + not be wanting to say that this demolition was one of the essential + conditions of the bargain. + </p> + <p> + The King relished this advice. At the Court one must make haste to obtain + anything; but to be forgotten, a few minutes' delay is sufficient. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [This pyramid was taken down two or three years before the Revolution + by the wish of Louis XVI., after having stood for two hundred years.—EDITOR'S + NOTE.] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLIII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Little Opportune.—M. and Madame Bontems.—The Young Moor + Weaned.—The Good Cure.—The Blessed Virgin.—Opportune at + the Augustinians of Meaux.—Bossuet Director.—Mademoiselle + Albanier and Leontine.—Flight of Opportune.—Her Threats of + Suicide.—Visit of the Marquise.—Prudence of the Court. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + The poor Queen had had several daughters, all divinely well made and + pretty as little Cupids. They kept in good health up to their third or + fourth year; they went no further. It was as though a fate was over these + charming creatures; so that the King and Queen trembled whenever the + accoucheurs announced a daughter instead of a son. + </p> + <p> + My readers remember the little negress who was born to the Queen in the + early days,—she whom no one wanted, who was dismissed, relegated, + disinherited, unacknowledged, deprived of her rank and name the very day + of her birth; and who, by a freak of destiny, enjoyed the finest health in + the world, and surmounted, without any precautions or care, all the + difficulties, perils, and ailments of infancy. + </p> + <p> + M. Bontems, first valet de chambre of the cabinets, served as her + guardian, or curator; even he acted only through the efforts and movements + of an intermediary. It was wished that this young Princess should be + ignorant of her birth, and in this I agree that, in the midst of crying + injustice, the King kept his natural humanity. This poor child not being + meant, and not being able, to appear at Court, it was better, indeed, to + keep her from all knowledge of her rights, in order to deprive her, at one + stroke, of the distress of her conformation, the hardship of her + repudiation, and the despair of captivity. The King destined her for a + convent when he saw her born, and M. Bontems promised that it should be + so. + </p> + <p> + At the age of three, she was withdrawn from the hands of her nurse, and + Madame Bontems put her to be weaned in her own part of the world. + Opportune,—[She was born on Sainte Opportune's Day.]—clothed + and nourished like the other children of the farmer, who was her new + patron, played with them in the barns or amongst the snow; she followed + them into the orchards and fields; she filled, like them, her little + basket with acorns that had been left after the crop was over, or ears of + corn that the gleaners had neglected, or withered branches and twigs left + by the wood-cutters for the poor. Her nude, or semi-nude, arms grew rough + in the burning sun, and more so still in the frosts. Her pretty feet, so + long as the fine season lasted, did not worry about being shod, and when + November arrived with its terrors, Opportune took her little heeled sabots + like the other country children. M. and Madame Bontems wrote every six + months to inquire if she were dead, and each time the answer came that the + little Moor was in wonderful health. + </p> + <p> + The pastor of the neighbouring hamlet felt pity for this poor child, who + was sometimes tormented by her companions on account of her colour. The + good cure even went so far as to declare, one day when there was a sermon, + that the Virgin Mary, if one was to believe respectable books, was black + from head to foot, which did not prevent her from being most beautiful in + the sight of God and of men. + </p> + <p> + This good cure taught the gentle little orphan to read and pray. He often + came to her farm to visit her, and probably he knew her birth; he was in + advanced age, and he died. Then Opportune was placed with the Augustinian + ladies of Meaux, where Bossuet charged himself with the task of + instructing her well in religion and of making her take the veil. + </p> + <p> + The lot of this young victim of pride and vain prejudices touched me in + spite of myself, and often I made a firm resolution to take her away from + her oppressors and adopt her in spite of everybody. The poor Queen, + forgetting our rivalry, had taken all my children into her affections. Why + should not I have shown a just recognition by protecting an innocent + little creature animated with her breath, life, and blood,—a child + whom she would have loved, I do not doubt, if she had been permitted to + see and recognise her? This idea grew so fixed in my mind, that I resolved + to see Opportune and do her some good, if I were able. + </p> + <p> + The interest of my position had led me once to assure myself of the + neighbourhood of the King by certain little measures, not of curiosity but + of surveillance. I had put with M. Bontems a young man of intelligence and + devotion, who, without passing due limits, kept me informed of many things + which it is as well to know. + </p> + <p> + When I knew, without any doubt, the new abiding-place of Opportune, I + secretly sent to the Augustinians of Meaux the young and intelligent + sister of my woman of the bedchamber, who presented herself as an aspirant + for the novitiate. They were ignorant in the house of the relations of + Mademoiselle Albanier with her sister Leontine Osselin, so that they wrote + to each other, but by means of a cipher, and under seal, addressing their + missives to a relative. + </p> + <p> + Albanier lost no time in informing us that the little Opportune had begun + to give her her confidence, and that the nuns took it in very good part, + believing them both equally called to take the veil in their convent. + Opportune knew, though in a somewhat vague way, to what great personage + she owed her life, and it appeared that the good cure had informed her, + out of compassion, before he left this world. Albanier wrote to Leontine: + </p> + <p> + "Tell Madame la Marquise that Opportune is full of wit; she resembles M. + le Duc du Maine as though she were his twin; her carriage is exactly that + of the King; her body is built to perfection, and were it not for her + colour, the black of which diminishes day by day, she would be one of the + loveliest persons in France; she is sad and melancholy by temperament, but + as I have succeeded in attracting her confidence, and diverting her as + much as one can do in a purgatory like this, we dance sometimes in secret, + and then you would think you saw Mademoiselle de Nantes dance and + pirouette. + </p> + <p> + "When any one pronounces the name of the King, she trembles. She asked me + to-day whether I had seen the King, if he were handsome, if he were + courteous and affable. It seemed to me as though she was already revolving + some great project in her brain, and if I am not mistaken, she has quite + decided to scale the fruit-trees against our garden wall and escape across + country. + </p> + <p> + "M. Bossuet, in his quality of Bishop of Meaux, has the right of entry + into this house; he has come here three times since my arrival; he has + given me each time a little tap on my check in token of goodwill, and such + as one gets at confirmation; he told me that he longs to see me take the + veil of the Ursulines, as well as my little scholar; it is by that name he + likes to call her. + </p> + <p> + "Opportune answers him with a stately air which would astound you; she + only calls him monsieur, and when told that she has made an error, and + that she should say monseigneur, she replies with great seriousness, 'I + had forgotten it.'" + </p> + <p> + Mademoiselle Albanier, out of kindness to me, passed nearly two years in + this house, which she always called her purgatory, but the endeavours of + the superior and of M. Bossuet becoming daily more pressing, and her + health, which had suffered, being unable to support the seclusion longer, + she made up her mind to retire. + </p> + <p> + Her departure was a terrible blow to the daughter of the Queen. This young + person, who was by nature affectionate, almost died of grief at the + separation. We learnt that, after having been ill and then ailing for + several weeks, she found the means of escaping from the convent, and of + taking refuge with some lordly chatelaine. M. de Meaux had her pursued, + but as she threatened to kill herself if she were taken back to the Abbey + of Notre Dame, the prelate wrote to M. Bontems, that is to say, to the + real father, and poor Opportune was taken to Moret, a convent of + Benedictines, in the forest of Fontainebleau. There they took the course + of lavishing care, and kindness, and attentions on her. But as her + destiny, written in her cradle, was an irrevocable sentence, she was + finally made to take the veil, which suited her admirably, and which she + wears with an infinite despair. + </p> + <p> + I disguised myself one day as a lady suitor who sought a lodging in the + house. I established myself there for a week, under the name of the + Comtesse de Clagny, and I saw, with my own eyes, a King's daughter reduced + to singing matins. Her air of nobility and dignity struck me with + admiration and moved me to tears. I thought of her four sisters, dead at + such an early age, and deplored the cruelty of Fate, which had spared her + in her childhood to kill her slowly and by degrees. + </p> + <p> + I would have accosted her in the gardens, and insinuated myself into her + confidence, but the danger of these interviews, both for her and me, + restrained what had been an ill-judged kindness. We should both have gone + too far, and the monarch would have been able to think that I was opposing + him out of revenge, and to give him pain. + </p> + <p> + This consideration came and crushed all my projects of compassion and + kindness. There are situations in life where we are condemned to see evil + done in all liberty, without being able to call for succour or complain. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLIV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Aristocratic Republic of Genoa Offends the King.—Its Punishment.—Reception + of the Doge at Paris and Versailles. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + M. de Louvois—by nature, as I have said, hard and despotic—was + quite satisfied to gain the same reputation for the King, in order to + cover his own violence and rigour beneath the authority of the monarch. + </p> + <p> + The King, I admit, did not like to be contradicted or opposed. He became + irritated if one was unfortunate enough to do so; but I know from long + experience that he readily accepted a good excuse, and by inclination + liked neither to punish nor blame. The Marquis de Louvois was unceasingly + occupied in exciting him against one Power and then another, and his + policy was to keep the prince in constant alarm of distrust in order to + perpetuate wars and dissensions. This order of things pleased that + minister, who dreaded intervals of calm and peace, when the King came to + examine expenses and to take account of the good or bad employment of + millions. + </p> + <p> + The Republic of Genoa, accustomed to build vessels for all nations, built + some of them, unfortunately, for the King's enemies. These constructions + were paid for in advance. M. de Louvois, well-informed of what passed in + Genoa, waited till the last moment to oppose the departure of the four or + five new ships. The Genoese, promising to respect the King's will in the + future, sent these vessels to their destination. + </p> + <p> + On the report and conclusions of M. de Louvois, his Majesty commanded the + senators of Genoa to hand over to his Minister of War the sums arising + from the sale of these, and to send their Doge and four of the most + distinguished senators to beg the King's pardon in his palace at + Versailles. + </p> + <p> + The senate having replied that, by a fundamental law, a Doge could not + leave the city without instantly losing his power and dignity, the King + answered this message to the effect that the Doge would obey as an + extraordinary circumstance, that in this solitary case he would derogate + from the laws of the Genoese Republic, and that, the King's will being + explicit and unalterable, the Doge would none the less maintain his + authority. + </p> + <p> + Whilst waiting, his Majesty sent a fleet into Italian waters, and the city + of Genoa immediately sustained the most terrible bombardment. + </p> + <p> + The flag of distress and submission having been flown from all the towers, + our admirals ceased, and the Doge set out for Versailles, accompanied by + the four oldest senators. + </p> + <p> + At the news of their approach, all Paris echoed the songs of triumph that + M. de Louvois had had composed. A spacious hotel was prepared to receive + these representatives of a noble, aristocratic republic; and, to withdraw + them from the insults of the populace, they were given guards and archers. + </p> + <p> + Although the chateau of Versailles was in all the lustre of its novelty, + since it had been inhabited for only two years, I perceived that they had + even been adding to its magnificence, and that everywhere were new + curtains, new candelabra, new carpets. The throne on which the monarch was + to sit surpassed all that we had ever seen. + </p> + <p> + On the eve of the solemn presentation the astonished ambassadors appeared + incognito before the minister, who dictated to them their costumes, their + reverences, and all the substance of their address. The influx of + strangers and Parisians to Versailles, to be witnesses of such a + spectacle, was so extraordinary and prodigious that the hostels and other + public inns were insufficient, and they were obliged to light fires of yew + in all the gardens. + </p> + <p> + In the great apartments there were persons of the highest rank who sought + permission to pass the night on benches, so that they might be all there + and prepared on the following day. On the two sides of the great gallery + they had raised tribunes in steps, draped in 'Cramoisi' velvet. It was on + these steps, which were entirely new, that all the ladies were placed. The + lords stood upright below them, and formed a double hedge on each side. + </p> + <p> + When his Majesty appeared on his throne, the fire of the diamonds with + which he was covered for a moment dazzled all eyes. The King seemed to me + less animated than was his wont; but his fine appearance, which never + quits him, rendered him sufficiently fit for such a representation and his + part in it. + </p> + <p> + The Doge of the humiliated Republic exhibited neither obsequiousness nor + pride. We found his demeanour that of a philosopher prepared for all human + events. His colleagues walked after him, but at a little distance. When + the Doge Lescaro had asked for pardon, as he had submitted to do, two of + his senators fell to weeping. The King, who noticed the general emotion, + descended from his throne and spoke for some minutes with the five + personages, and, smiling on them with his most seductive grace, he once + more drew all hearts to him. + </p> + <p> + I was placed at two paces from Madame de Maintenon. The Doge,—who + was never left by a master of ceremonies, who named the ladies to him,—in + passing before me, made a profound reverence. He then drew near Madame de + Maintenon, who heard all his compliments, said to him, in Italian, all + that could be said, and did him the honour to lean on his hand when + descending from her tribune to return to the King's. + </p> + <p> + On the next day the Doge and senators came to present their homage to my + children, and did not forget me in their visits of ceremony. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLV. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The Comte de Vermandois.—His Entrance into the World.—Quarrels + with the Dauphin.—Duel.—Siege of Courtrai.—The Cathedral + of Arras. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + When Madame de la Valliere (led by suggestions coming from the Most High) + left the Court and the world to shut herself up in a cloister, she + committed a great imprudence; I should not know how to repeat it: The + Carmelites in the Rue Saint Jacques could easily do without her; her two + poor little children could not. The King confided them, I am well aware, + to governors and governesses who were prudent, attentive, and capable; but + all the governors and preceptors in the world will never replace a mother,—above + all, in a place of dissipation, tumult, and carelessness like the Court. + </p> + <p> + M. le Comte de Vermandois was only seven years old when exaggerated + scruples and bad advice deprived him of his mother. This amiable child, + who loved her, at first suffered much from her absence and departure. He + had to be taken to the Carmelites, where the sad metamorphosis of his + mother, whom he had seen so brilliant and alluring, made him start back in + fright. + </p> + <p> + He loved her always as much as he was loved by her, and in virtue of the + permission formally given by the Pope, he went every week to pass an hour + or two with her in the parlour. He regularly took there his singing and + flute lessons; these were two amiable talents in which he excelled. + </p> + <p> + About his twelfth year he was taken with the measles, and passed through + them fairly well. The smallpox came afterwards, but respected his charming + brown face. A severe shower of rain, which caught him in some forest, made + him take rheumatism; the waters of Vichy cured him; he returned beaming + with health and grace. + </p> + <p> + The King loved him tenderly, and everybody at Court shared this + predilection of the monarch. M. de Vermandois, of a stature less than his + father, was none the less one of the handsomest cavaliers at the Court. To + all the graces of his amiable mother he joined an ease of manner, a + mixture of nobility and modesty, which made him noticeable in the midst of + the most handsome and well made. I loved him with a mother's fondness, + and, from all his ingenuous and gallant caresses, it was easy to see that + he made me a sincere return. + </p> + <p> + This poor Comte de Vermandois, about a year before the death of the Queen, + had a great and famous dispute with Monsieur le Dauphin, a jealous prince, + which brought him his first troubles, and deprived him suddenly of the + protecting favour of the Infanta-queen. + </p> + <p> + At a ball, at the Duchesse de Villeroi's, all the Princes of the Blood + appeared. Monseigneur, who from childhood had had a fancy for Mademoiselle + de Blois, his legitimised sister, loved her far more definitely since her + marriage with M. le Prince de Conti. Monseigneur is lacking in tact. At + this ball he thought he could parade his sentiments, which were visibly + unpleasant, both to the young husband and to the Princess herself. He + danced, nevertheless, for some minutes with her; but, suddenly, she + feigned to be seized with a sharp pain in the spleen, and was conducted to + a sofa. The young Comte de Vermandois came and sat there near her. They + were both exhibiting signs of gaiety; their chatter amused them, and they + were seen to laugh with great freedom. Although Monsieur le Dauphin was + assuredly not in their thoughts, he thought they were making merry at his + expense. He came and sat at the right of the Princess and said to her: + </p> + <p> + "Your brother is very ill-bred!" + </p> + <p> + "Do you think so?" the Princess answered immediately. "My brother is the + most amiable boy in the world. He is laughing at my talking to myself. He + assures me that my pain is in my knee instead of being in the spleen, and + that is what we were amusing ourselves at, quite innocently." + </p> + <p> + "Your brother thinks himself my equal," added the Prince; "in which he + certainly makes a mistake. All his diamonds prove nothing; I shall have, + when I like, those of the crown." + </p> + <p> + "So much the worse, monsieur," replied the Comte de Vermandois, quickly. + "Those diamonds should never change hands,—at least, for a very long + time." + </p> + <p> + These words degenerating into an actual provocation, Monseigneur dared to + say to his young brother that, were it not for his affection for the + Princess, he would make him feel that he was—— + </p> + <p> + "My elder brother," resumed the Comte de Vermandois, "and nothing more, I + assure you." + </p> + <p> + Before the ball was over, they met in an alcove and gave each other a + rendezvous not far from Marly. Both of them were punctual; but Monsieur le + Dauphin had given his orders, so that they were followed in order to be + separated. + </p> + <p> + The King was informed of this adventure; he immediately gave expression to + his extreme dissatisfaction, and said: + </p> + <p> + "What! is there hatred and discord already amongst my children?" + </p> + <p> + I spoke next to elucidate the facts, for I had learnt everything, and I + represented M. de Vermandois as unjustly provoked by his brother. His + Majesty replied that Monsieur le Dauphin was the second personage in the + Empire, and that all his brothers owed him respect up to a certain point. + </p> + <p> + "It was out of deference and respect that the Count accepted the + challenge," said I to the King; "and here the offending party made the + double attack." + </p> + <p> + "What a misfortune!" resumed the King. "I thought them as united amongst + themselves as they are in my heart. Vermandois is quick, and as explosive + as saltpetre; but he has the best nature in the world. I will reconcile + them; they will obey me." + </p> + <p> + The scene took place in my apartment, owing to my Duc du Maine. "My son," + said his Majesty to the child of the Carmelite, "I have learned with pain + what has passed at Madame de Villeroi's and then in the Bois de Marly. You + will be pardoned for this imprudence because of your age; but never forget + that Monsieur le Dauphin is your superior in every respect, and must + succeed me some day." + </p> + <p> + "Sire," replied the Count, "I have never offended nor wished to offend + Monseigneur. Unhappily for me, he detests me, as though you had not the + right to love me." + </p> + <p> + At these words Monsieur le Dauphin blushed, and the King hastened to + declare that he loved all his children with a kindness perfectly alike; + that rank and distinctions of honour had been regulated, many centuries + ago, by the supreme law of the State; that he desired union and concord in + the heart of the royal family; and he commanded the two brothers to + sacrifice for him all their petty grievances, and to embrace in his + presence. + </p> + <p> + Hearing these words, the Comte de Vermandois, with a bow to his father, + ran in front of Monseigneur, and, spreading out his arms, would have + embraced him. Monsieur le Dauphin remained cold and dumb; he received this + mark of good-will without returning it, and very obviously displeased his + father thereby. + </p> + <p> + These little family events were hushed up, and Monseigneur was almost + explicitly forbidden to entertain any other sentiments for Madame de Conti + than those of due friendship and esteem. + </p> + <p> + Some time after that, Messieurs de Conti, great lovers of festivity, + pleasure, and costly delights, which are suited only for people of their + kind, dragged the Comte de Vermandois, as a young debutant, into one of + those licentious parties where a young man is compelled to see things + which excite horror. + </p> + <p> + His first scruples overcome, M. de Vermandois, naturally disposed to what + is out of the common, wished to give guarantees of his loyalty and + courage; from a simple spectator he became, it is said, an accomplice. + </p> + <p> + There is always some false friend in these forbidden assemblies. The King + heard the details of an orgy so unpardonable, and the precocious + misconduct of his cherished son gave him so much pain, that I saw his + tears fall. The assistant governor of the young criminal was dismissed; + his valet de chambre was sent to prison; only three of his servants were + retained, and he himself was subjected to a state of penitence which + included general confessions and the most severe discipline. He resigned + himself sincerely to all these heavy punishments. He promised to associate + only with his mother, his new governor, his English horses, and his books; + and this manner of life, carried out with a grandeur of soul, made of him + in a few months a perfect gentleman, in the honourable and assured + position to which his great heart destined him. + </p> + <p> + The King, satisfied with this trial, allowed him to go and prove his + valour at the sieges of Digmude and Courtrai. All the staff officers + recognised soon in his conversation, his zeal, his methods, a worthy rival + of the Vendomes. They wrote charming things of him to the Court. A few + days afterwards we learned at Versailles that M. de Vermandois was dead, + in consequence of an indisposition caught whilst bivouacking, which at + first had not seemed dangerous. + </p> + <p> + The King deplored this loss, as a statesman and a good father. I was a + witness of his affliction; it seemed to me extreme. One knew not whom to + approach to break the news to the poor Carmelite. The Bishop of Meaux, + sturdy personage, voluntarily undertook the mission, and went to it with a + tranquil brow, for he loved such tasks. + </p> + <p> + To his hoarse and funereal voice Soeur Louise only replied with groans and + tears. She fell upon the floor without consciousness, and M. Bossuet went + on obstinately preaching Christian resignation and stoicism to a senseless + mother who heard him not. + </p> + <p> + About a fortnight after the obsequies of the Prince (which I, too, had + celebrated in my church of Saint Joseph), the underprioress of that little + community begged me to come to Paris for a brief time and consecrate half + an hour to her. I responded to her invitation. This is the important + secret which the good nun had to confide to me: Before expiring; the young + Prince had found time to interview his faithful valet de chambre behind + his curtains. "After my death," said he, "you will repair, not to the + King, my father, but to Madame la Marquise de Montespan, who has given me + a thousand proofs of kindness in my behalf. You will remit to her my + casket, in which all my private papers are kept. She will be kind enough + to destroy all which ought not to survive me, and to hand over the + remainder, not to my good mother, who will have only too much sorrow, but + to Madame la Princesse de Conti, whose indulgence and kindness are known + to me." + </p> + <p> + Sydney, this valet de chambre, informed me that the Count was dead, not + through excessive brandy, as the Dauphin's people spread abroad, but from + a cerebral fever, which a copious bleeding would have dissipated at once. + All the soldiers wept for this young Prince, whose generous affability had + charmed them. Sydney had just accompanied his body to Arras, where, by + royal command, it had been laid in a vault of the cathedral. I opened his + pretty casket of citron wood, with locks of steel and silver. The first + object which met my eyes was a fine and charming portrait of Madame de la + Valliere. The face was smiling in the midst of this great tragedy, and + that upset me entirely, and made my tears flow again. Five or six tales of + M. la Fontaine had been imitated most elegantly by the young Prince + himself, and to these rather frivolous verses he had joined some songs and + madrigals. All these little relics of a youth so eager to live betokened a + mind that was agreeable, and not libertine. In any case the sacrifice was + accomplished; reflections were in vain. I burned these papers, and all + those which seemed to me without direct importance or striking interest. + That was not the case with a correspondence, full of wit, tenderness, and + fire, of whose origin the good Sydney pretended ignorance, but which two + or three anecdotes that were related sufficiently revealed to me. The + handsome Comte de Vermandois, barely seventeen years old, had won the + heart of a fair lady, of about his own age, who expressed her passion for + him with an energy, a delicacy, and a talent far beyond all that we admire + in books. + </p> + <p> + I knew her; the King loved her. Her husband, a most distinguished + field-officer, cherished her and believed her to be faithful. I burned + this dangerous correspondence, for M. de Vermandois, barely adolescent, + was already a father, and his mistress gloried in it. + </p> + <p> + On receiving this casket, in which she saw once more the portraits of her + mother, her brother, and her husband, Madame la Princesse de Conti felt + the most sorrowful emotion. I told her that I had acquitted myself, out of + kindness and respect, of a commission almost beyond my strength, and I + begged her never to mention it to the King, who, perhaps, would have liked + to see and judge himself all that I had destroyed. + </p> + <p> + M. le Comte de Vermandois left by his death the post of High Admiral + vacant. The King begged me to bring him my little Comte de Toulouse; and + passing round his neck a fine chain of coral mixed with pearls, to which a + diamond anchor was attached, he invested him with the dignity of High + Admiral of France. "Be ever prudent and good, my amiable child," he said + to him, raising his voice, which had grown weak; "be happier than your + predecessor, and never give me the grief of mourning your loss." + </p> + <p> + I thanked the King for my son, who looked at his decoration of brilliants + and did not feel its importance. I hope that he will feel that later, and + prove himself worthy of it. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLVI. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + The House of Saint Cyr.—Petition of the Monks of Saint Denis to the + King, against the Plan of Madame de Maintenon.—Madame de Maintenon + Summons Them and Sends Them Away with Small Consolation. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + At the time when I founded my little community of Saint Joseph, Madame de + Maintenon had already collected near her chateau at Rueil a certain number + of well-born but poor young persons, to whom she was giving a good + education, proportioned to their present condition and their birth. She + had charged herself with the maintenance of two former nuns, noble and + well educated, who, at the fall of their community, had been recommended, + or had procured a recommendation, to her. Mesdames de Brinon and du Basque + were these two vagrant nuns. Madame de Maintenon, instinctively attracted + to this sort of persons, welcomed and protected them. + </p> + <p> + The little pension or community of Rueil, having soon become known, + several families who had fallen into distress or difficulty solicited the + kindness of the directress towards their daughters, and Madame de + Maintenon admitted more inmates than the space allowed. A more roomy + habitation was bought nearer Versailles, which was still only temporary + and the King, having been taken into confidence with regard to these + little girls, who mostly belonged to his own impoverished officers, judged + that the moment had come to found a fine and large educational + establishment for the young ladies of his nobility. + </p> + <p> + He bought, at the entrance to the village of Saint Cyr, in close proximity + to Versailles, a large old chateau, belonging to M. Seguier; and on the + site of this chateau, which he pulled down, the royal house of Saint Cyr + was speedily erected. I will not go into the nature and aim of a + foundation which is known nowadays through the whole of Europe. I will + content myself with observing that if Madame de Maintenon conceived the + first idea of it, it is the great benefactions of the monarch and the + profound recognition of the nobility which have given stability and renown + to this house. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon received much praise and incense as the foundress of + this community. It has been quite easy for her to found so vast an + establishment with the treasures of France, since she herself had remained + poor, by her own confession, and had neither to sell nor encumber + Maintenon, her sole property. + </p> + <p> + In founding my community of Saint Joseph, I was neither seconded nor aided + by anybody. Saint Joseph springs entirely from myself, from good + intentions, without noise or display. Saint Joseph is one of my good + actions, and although it makes no great noise in the world, I would rather + have founded it than Saint Cyr, where the most exalted houses procure + admission for their children with false certificates of poverty. + </p> + <p> + The buildings of Saint Cyr, in spite of all the sums they have absorbed, + have no external nobility or grandeur. The foundress put upon it the seal + of her parsimony, or, rather, of her general timidity. She is like + Moliere's Harpagon, who would like to do great things for little money. + </p> + <blockquote> + <p> + [Here Madame de Montespan forgets what she has just said, that + Saint-Cyr cost "immense sums,"—an ordinary effect of passion.—ED. + NOTE] + </p> + </blockquote> + <p> + The only beauty about the house is in the laundry and gardens. All the + rest reminds you of a convent of Capuchins. The chapel has not even + necessary and indispensable dignity; it is a long, narrow barn, without + arches, pillars, or decorations. The King, having wished to know + beforehand what revenue would be needed for a community of four hundred + persons, consulted M. de Louvois. That minister, accustomed to calculate + open-handedly, put in an estimate of five hundred thousand livres a year. + The foundress presented hers, which came to no more than twenty-five + thousand crowns. His Majesty adopted a middle course, and assigned a + revenue of three hundred thousand livres to his Royal House of Saint Cyr. + </p> + <p> + The foundress, foreseeing the financial embarrassments which have + supervened later, conceived the idea of making the clergy (who are + childless) support the education of these three hundred and fifty young + ladies. In consequence, she cast her eyes upon the rich abbey of Saint + Denis, then vacant, and suggested it to the King, as being almost + sufficient to provide for the new establishment. + </p> + <p> + This idea astonished the prince. He found it, at first, audacious, not to + say perilous; but, on further reflection, considering that the monks of + Saint Denis live under the rule of a prior, and never see their abbot, who + is almost always a great noble and a man of the world, his Majesty + consented to suppress the said abbey in order to provide for the children. + </p> + <p> + The monks of Saint Denis, alarmed at such an innovation (which did not, + however, affect their own goods and revenues), composed a petition in the + form of the factum that our advocates draw up in a suit. They exclaimed in + this document "on the disrepute which this innovation would bring upon + their ancient, respectable, and illustrious community. In suppressing the + title of Abbot of Saint Denis," they said further, "your Majesty, in + reality, suppresses our abbey; and if our abbey is reduced to nothing, our + basilica, where the Kings, your ancestors, lie, will be no more than a + royal church, and will cease to be abbatial." + </p> + <p> + Further on, this petition said: "Sire, may it please your Majesty, whose + eyes can see so far, to appreciate this innovation in all its terrible + consequences. By striking to-day dissolution and death into the first + abbey of your kingdom, do you not fear to leave behind you a great and + sinister precedent? . . . What Louis the Great has looked upon as possible + will seem righteous and necessary to your successors; and it will happen, + maybe, before long, that the thirst for conquests and the needs of the + State (those constant and familiar pretexts of ministers) will authorise + some political Attila to extend your work, and wreak destruction upon the + tabernacle by depriving it of the splendour which is its due, and which + sustains it." + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, to whom this affair was entrusted, summoned the + administrative monks of Saint Denis to Versailles. She received them with + her agreeable and seductive courtesy, and, putting on her dulcet and + fluted voice, said to them that their alarm was without foundation; that + his Majesty did not suppress their abbey; that he simply took it from the + male sex to give it to the female, seeing that the Salic law never + included the dignities of the Church nor her revenues. + </p> + <p> + "The King leaves you," she added, "those immense and prodigious treasures + of Saint Denis, more ancient, perhaps, than the Oriflamme. That is your + finest property, your true and illustrious glory. In general, your abbots + have been, to this very day, unknown to you. Do you find, gentlemen, that + religion was more honoured and respected when men of battle, covered with + murders and other crimes, were called Abbots of Saint Denis? Beneath the + government of the King such nominations would never have affected the + Church; and after the present M. le Chevalier de Lorraine, we shall hear + no more of nominating an abbot-commandant on the steps of the Opera. + </p> + <p> + "Our little girls are cherubim and seraphim, occupied unceasingly with the + praise of the Lord. I recommend them to your holy prayers, and you can + count on theirs." + </p> + <p> + With this compliment she dismissed the monks, and what she had resolved on + was carried out. + </p> + <p> + The King, who all his life had loved children greatly, did not take long + to contract an affection for this budding colony. He liked to assist + sometimes at their recreations and exercises, and, as though Versailles + had been at the other end of the world, he had a magnificent apartment + built at Saint Cyr. This fine armorial pavilion decorates the first long + court in the centre. The mere buildings announce a king; the royal crown + surmounts them. + </p> + <p> + At first the education of Saint Cyr had been entrusted to canonesses; but + a canoness only takes annual vows; that term expired, she is at liberty to + retire and marry. Several of these ladies having proved thus irresolute as + to their estate, and the house being afraid that a greater number would + follow, the Abbe de Fenelon, who cannot endure limited or temporary + devotion, thought fit to introduce fixed and perpetual vows into Saint + Cyr, and that willynilly. + </p> + <p> + This elegant abbe says all that he means, and resolutely means all that he + can say. By means of his lectures, a mixed and facile form of eloquence, + which is his glory, he easily proved to these poor canonesses that streams + and rivers flow ever since the world began, and never think of suspending + their current or abandoning their direction. He reminded them that the + sun, which is always in its place and always active, never dreams of + abandoning its functions, either from inconstancy or caprice. He told them + that wise kings are never seized with the idea or temptation of abdicating + their crown, and that God, who serves them as a model and example, is + ceaselessly occupied, with relation to the world, in preserving, + reanimating, and maintaining it. Starting from there, the ingenious man + made them confess that they ought to remain at their post and bind + themselves to it by a perpetual vow. + </p> + <p> + The first effect of this fine oration having been a little dissipated, + objections broke out. One young and lovely canoness dared to maintain the + rights of her freedom, even in the face of her most amiable enemy. Madame + de Maintenon rushed to the succour of the Abbe of Saint Sulpice, and half + by wheedling, half by tyranny, obtained the cloister and perpetual vows. + </p> + <p> + I must render this justice to the King; he never would pronounce or + intervene in this pathetic struggle. His royal hand profited, no doubt, by + a submission which the Abbe de Fenelon imposed upon timidity, credulity, + and obedience. The House of Saint Cyr profited thereby; but the King only + regretted a new religious convent, for, as a rule, he liked them not. How + many times has he unburdened himself before me on the subject. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h2> + CHAPTER XLVII. + </h2> + <p> + <br /> + </p> + <p> + Final Rupture.—Terrible Scene.—Madame de Maintenon in the + Brocaded Chair. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> + <p> + To-day, when time and reflection, and, perhaps, that fund of contempt + which is so useful, have finally revealed to me the insurmountable + necessities of life, I can look with a certain amount of composure at the + injury which the King did me. I had at first resolved to conclude, with + the chapter which you have just read, my narrative of the more or less + important things which have passed or been unfolded before my eyes. For + long I did not feel myself strong enough to approach a narrative which + might open up all my old wounds and make my blood boil again; but I + finished by considering that our monarch's reign will be necessarily the + subject of a multitude of commentaries, journals, and memoirs. All these + confidential writings will speak of me to the generations to be; some will + paint me as one paints an object whom one loves; others, as the object one + detests. The latter, to render me more odious, will probably revile my + character, and, perhaps, represent me as a cowardly and despairing + mistress, who has descended even to supplications!! It is my part, + therefore, to retrace with a firm and vigorous hand this important epoch + of my life, where my destiny, at once kind and cruel, reduced me to treat + the greatest of all Kings both as my equal and as an inconstant friend, as + a treacherous enemy, and as my inferior or subject. He had, at first, the + intention of putting me to death,—of that I am persuaded,—but + soon his natural gentleness got the better of his pride. He grasped the + wounds in my heart from the deplorable commotion of my face. If his former + friend was guilty in her speech, he was far more guilty by his actions. + Like an equitable judge he pardoned neither of us; he did not forgive + himself and he dared not condemn me. + </p> + <p> + Since this sad time of desertion and sorrow, into which the new state of + things had brought me, MM. de Mortemart, de Nevers, and de Vivonne had + been glad to avoid me. They found my humour altered, and I admit that a + woman who sulks, scolds, or complains is not very attractive company. + </p> + <p> + One day the poor Marechal de Vivonne came to see me; he opened my shutters + to call my attention to the beauty of the sky, and, my health seeming to + him a trifle poor, he suggested to me to embark at once in his carriage + and to go and dine at Clagny. I had no will left that day, so I + accompanied my brother. + </p> + <p> + Being come to Clagny, the Marshal, having shut himself up with me in his + closet, said to me the words which follow: + </p> + <p> + "You know, my sister, how all along you have been dear to me; the grief + which is wearing you out does me almost as much harm as you. To-day I wish + to hurt you for your own good; and get you away from this locality in + spite of yourself. Kings are not to be opposed as we oppose our equals; + our King, whom you know by heart, has never suffered contradiction. He has + had you asked, two or three times already, to leave his palace and to go + and live on your estates. Why do you delay to satisfy him, and to withdraw + from so many eyes which watch you with pity?" + </p> + <p> + "The King, I am very sure, would like to see me away," I replied to the + Marshal, "but he has never formally expressed himself, and it is untrue + that any such wish has been intimated or insinuated to me." + </p> + <p> + "What! you did not receive two letters last year, which invited you to + make up your mind and retire!" + </p> + <p> + "I received two anonymous letters; nothing is more true. Could those two + letters have been sent to me by the King himself?" + </p> + <p> + "The Marquis de Chamarante wrote them to you, but beneath the eyes, and at + the dictation, of his Majesty." + </p> + <p> + "All, God! What is it you tell me? What! the Marquis de Chamarante, whom I + thought one of my friends, has lent himself to such an embassy!" + </p> + <p> + "The Marquis is a good man, a man of honour; and his essential duty is to + please his sovereign, his master. Moreover, at the time when the letters + were sent you, time remained to you for deliberation. To-day, all time for + delay has expired; you must go away of your own free will, or receive the + affront of a command, and a 'lettre de cachet' in form." + </p> + <p> + "A 'lettre de cachet' for me! for the mother of the Duc du Maine and the + Comte de Toulouse! We shall see that, my brother! We shall see!" + </p> + <p> + "There is nothing to see or do but to summon here all your people, and + leave to-morrow, either for my chateau of Roissy, or for your palace at + Petit-Bourg; things are pressing, and the day after to-morrow I will + explain all without any secrecy." + </p> + <p> + "Explain it to me at once, my brother, and I promise to satisfy you." + </p> + <p> + "Do you give me your word?" + </p> + <p> + "I give it you, my good and dear friend, with pleasure. Inform me of what + is in progress." + </p> + <p> + "Madame de Maintenon, whom, having loved once greatly, you no longer love, + had the kindness to have me summoned to her this morning." + </p> + <p> + "The kindness!" + </p> + <p> + "Do not interrupt me—yes, the kindness. From the moment that she is + in favour, all that comes from her requires consideration. She had me + taken into her small salon, and there she charged me to tell you that she + has always loved you, that she always will; that your rupture with her has + displeased the King; that for a long time, and on a thousand occasions, + she has excused you to his Majesty, but that things are now hopeless; that + your retreat is required at all costs, and that it will be joined with an + annual pension of six hundred thousand livres." + </p> + <p> + "And you advise me—?" I said to my brother. + </p> + <p> + "I advise you, I implore you, I conjure you, to accept these propositions + which save everything." + </p> + <p> + My course was clear to me on the instant. Wishing to be relieved of the + importunities of the Marshal (a courtier, if ever there was one), I + embraced him with tears in my eyes. I assured him that, for the honour of + the family and out of complacence, I accepted his propositions. I begged + him to take me back to Versailles, where I had to gather together my + money, jewels, and papers. + </p> + <p> + The Duc de Vivonne, well as he knew me, did not suspect my trickery; he + applied a score of kisses to my "pretty little white hands," and his + postilions, giving free play to their reins, speedily brought us back to + the chateau. + </p> + <p> + All beaming with joy and satisfaction, he went to convey his reply to + Madame de Maintenon, who was probably expecting him. Twenty minutes hardly + elapsed. The King himself entered my apartment. + </p> + <p> + He came towards me with a friendly air, and, hardly remarking my + agitation, which I was suppressing, he dared to address the following + words to me: + </p> + <p> + "The shortest follies are the best, dear Marquise; you see things at last + as they should be seen. Your determination, which the Marechal de Vivonne + has just informed me of, gives me inexpressible pleasure; you are going to + take the step of a clever woman, and everybody will applaud you for it. It + will be eighteen years to-morrow since we took a fancy for each other. We + were then in that period of life when one sees only that which flatters, + and the satisfaction of the heart surpasses everything. Our attachment, if + it had been right and legitimate, might have begun with the same ardour, + but it could not have endured so long; that is the property of all + contested affections. + </p> + <p> + "From our union amiable children have been born, for whom I have done, and + will do, all that a father with good intentions can do. The Act which + acknowledged them in full Parliament has not named you as their mother, + because your bonds prevented it, but these respectful children know that + they owe you their existence, and not one of them shall forget it while I + live. + </p> + <p> + "You have charmed by your wit and the liveliness of your character the + busiest years of my life and reign. That pleasant memory will never leave + me, and separated though we be, as good sense and propriety of every kind + demands, we shall still belong to each other in thought. Athenais will + always be to me the mother of my dear children. I have been mindful up to + this day, to increase at different moments the amount of your fortune: I + believe it to be considerable, and wish, nevertheless, to add to it even + more. If the pension that Vivonne had just suggested to you appear + insufficient, two lines from your pen will notify me that I must increase + it. + </p> + <p> + "Your children being proclaimed Princes of France, the Court will be their + customary residence, but you will see them frequently, and can count on my + commands. Here they are coming,—not to say good-bye to you, but, as + of old, to embrace you on the eve of a journey. + </p> + <p> + "If you are prudent, you will write first to the Marquis de Montespan, not + to annul and revoke the judicial and legal separation which exists, but to + inform him of your return to reasonable ideas, and of your resolve to be + reconciled with the public." + </p> + <p> + With these words the King ceased speaking. I looked at him with a fixed + gaze; a long sigh escaped from my heaving breast, and I had with him, as + nearly as I can remember, the following conversation: + </p> + <p> + "I admire the sang-froid with which a prince who believes himself, and is + believed by the whole universe, to be magnanimous, gives the word of + dismissal to the tender friend of his youth,—to that friend who, by + a misfortune which is too well known, knew how to leave all and love him + alone. + </p> + <p> + "From the day when the friendship which had united us cooled and was + dissipated, you have resumed with regard to me that distance which your + rank authorises you, and on my side, I have submitted to see in you only + my King. This revolution has taken effect without any shock, or noise, or + scandal. It has continued for two years already; why should it not + continue in the same manner until the moment when my last two children no + longer require my eyes, and presence, and care? What sudden cause, what + urgent motive, can determine you to exclude me? Does not, then, the + humiliation which I have suffered for two years any longer satisfy your + aversion?" + </p> + <p> + "What!" cried the prince, in consternation, "is your resolution no longer + the same? Do you go back upon what you promised to your brother?" + </p> + <p> + "I do not change my resolution," I resumed at once; "the places which you + inhabit have neither charm nor attraction for my heart, which has always + detested treachery and falseness. I consent to withdraw myself from your + person, but on condition that the odious intriguer who has supplanted me + shall follow the unhappy benefactress who once opened to her the doors of + this palace. I took her from a state of misery, and she plunges daggers + into my breast." + </p> + <p> + "The Kings of Europe," said the prince, white with agitation and anger, + "have not yet laid down the law to me in my palace; you shall not make me + submit to yours, madame. The person whom, for far too long, you have been + offending and humiliating before my eyes, has ancestors who yield in + nothing to your forefathers, and if you have introduced her to this + palace, you have introduced here goodness, sweetness, talent, and virtue + itself. This enemy, whom you defame in every quarter, and who every day + excuses and justifies you, will abide near this throne, which her fathers + have defended and which her good counsel now defends. In sending you today + from a Court where your presence is without motive and pretext, I wished + to keep from your knowledge, and in kindness withdraw from your eyes an + event likely to irritate you, since everything irritates you. Stay, + madame, stay, since great catastrophes appeal to and amuse you; after + to-morrow you will be more than ever a supernumerary in this chateau." + </p> + <p> + At these words I realised that it was a question of the public triumph of + my rival. All my firmness vanished; my heart was, as it were, distorted + with the most rapid palpitations. I felt an icy coldness run through my + veins, and I fell unconscious upon my carpet. + </p> + <p> + My woman cameo to bring me help, and when my senses returned, I heard the + King saying to my intendant: "All this wearies me beyond endurance; she + must go this very day." + </p> + <p> + "Yes, I will go," I cried, seizing a dessert-knife which was on my bureau. + I rushed forward with a mechanical movement upon my little Comte de + Toulouse, whom I snatched from the hands of his father, and I was on the + verge of sacrificing this child. + </p> + <p> + I shudder every time I think of that terrible and desperate scene. But + reason had left me; sorrow filled my soul; I was no longer myself. My + reader must be penetrated by my misfortune and have compassion on me. + </p> + <p> + Madame de Maintenon, informed probably of this storm, arrived and suddenly + showed herself. To rush forward, snatch away the dagger and my child was + but one movement for her. Her tears coursed in abundance; and the King, + leaning on the marble of my chimney-piece, shed tears and seemed to feel a + sort of suffocation. + </p> + <p> + My women had removed my children. My intendant alone had remained in the + deep embrasure of a shutter; the poor man had affliction and terror + painted on his face. Madame de Maintenon had slightly wounded herself in + seizing my knife. I saw her tearing her handkerchief, putting on lavender + water in order to moisten the bandage. As she left me she took my hand + with an air of kindness, and her tears began again. + </p> + <p> + The King, seeing her go out, retired without addressing me a word. I might + call as much as I would; he did not return. + </p> + <p> + Until nightfall I seemed to be in a state of paralysis. My arms were like + lead; my will could no longer stir them. I was distressed at first, and + then I thanked God, who was delivering me from the torments of existence. + All night my body and soul moved in the torrent and waves of a fever + handed over to phantoms; I saw in turn the smiling plains of Paradise and + the dire domain of Hell. My children, covered with wounds, asked me for + pardon, kneeling before me; and Madame de Maintenon, one mass of blood, + reproached me for having killed her. + </p> + <p> + On the following day a copious blood-letting, prescribed by my doctor, + relieved my head and heart. + </p> + <p> + The following week Madame de Maintenon, entirely cured of her scratch, + consented to the King's will, which she had opposed in order to excite it, + and in the presence of the Marquis and Marquise de Montchevreuil, the Duc + de Noailles, the Marquis de Chamarante, M. Bontems, and Mademoiselle + Ninon, her permanent chambermaid, was married to the King of France and + Navarre in the chapel of the chateau. + </p> + <p> + The Abbe de Harlay, Archbishop of Paris, assisted by the Bishop of + Chartres and Pere de la Chaise, had the honour of blessing this marriage + and presenting the rings of gold. After the ceremony, which took place at + an early hour, and even by torchlight, there was a slight repast in the + small apartments. The same persons, taking carriages, then repaired to + Maintenon, where the great ceremony, the mass, and all that is customary + in such cases were celebrated. + </p> + <p> + At her return, Madame de Maintenon took possession of an extremely + sumptuous apartment that had been carefully arranged and furnished for + her. Her people continued to wear her livery, but she scarcely ever rode + any more except in the great carriage of the King, where we saw her in the + place which had been occupied by the Queen. In her interior the title of + Majesty was given her; and the King, when he had to speak of her, only + used the word Madame, without adding Maintenon, that having become too + familiar and trivial. + </p> + <p> + He was desirous of proclaiming her; she consistently opposed it, and this + prudent and wise conduct regained for her, little by little, the opinions + which had been shocked. + </p> + <p> + A few days after the marriage, my health being somewhat reestablished, I + went to Petit-Bourg; but the Marechal de Vivonne, his son Louis de + Vivonne, all the Mortemarts, all the Rochehouarts, Thianges, Damas, + Seignelays, Blainvilles, and Colberts,—in a word, counts, marquises, + barons, prelates, and duchesses, came to find me and attack me in my + desert, in order to represent to me that, since Madame de Maintenon was + the wife of the monarch, I owed her my homage and respectful compliments. + The whole family has done so, said these cruel relations; you only have + not yet fulfilled this duty. You must do it, in God's name. She has + neither airs nor hauteur; you will be marvellously well received. Your + resistance would compromise us all. + </p> + <p> + Not desiring to harm or displease my family, and wishing, above all, to + reinstate myself somewhat in the King's mind, I resolutely prepared for + this distressing journey, and God gave me the necessary strength to + execute it. + </p> + <p> + I appeared in a long robe of gold and silver before the new spouse of the + monarch. The King, who was sitting at a table, rose for a moment and + encouraged me by his greeting. I made the three pauses and three + reverences as I gradually approached Madame de Maintenon, who occupied a + large and rich armchair of brocade. She did not rise; etiquette forbade + it, and principally the presence of the all-powerful King of kings. Her + complexion, ordinarily pale, and with a very slight tone of pink, was + animated suddenly, and took all the colours of the rose. She made me a + sign to seat myself on a stool, and it seemed to me that her amiable gaze + apologised to me. She spoke to me of Petit-Bourg, of the waters of + Bourbon, of her country-place, of my children, and said to me, smiling + kindly: "I am going to confide in you. Monsieur le Prince has already + asked Mademoiselle de Names for his grandson, M. le Duc de Bourbon, and + his Highness promises us his granddaughter for our Duc du Maine. Two or + three years more, and we shall see all that." + </p> + <p> + After half an hour spent thus, I rose from this uncomfortable stool and + made my farewell reverences. Madame de Maintenon, profiting by the King + having leaned over to write, rose five or six inches in her chair, and + said to me these words: "Do not let us cease to love one another, I + implore you." + </p> + <p> + I went to rest myself in the poor apartment which was still mine, since + the keys had not yet been returned, and I sent for M. le Duc du Maine, who + said to me coldly: "I have much pleasure in seeing you again; we were + going to write to you." + </p> + <p> + I had come out from Madame de Maintenon by the door of mirrors, which + leads to the great gallery. There was much company there at the moment; M. + le Prince de Salm came to me and said: "Go and put on your peignoir; you + are flushed, and I can perfectly well understand why." He pressed my hand + affectionately. In all the salons they were eager to see me pass. Some + courageous persons came even within touch of my fan; and all were more or + less pleased with my mishap and downfall. I had seen all these figures at + my feet, and almost all were under obligations to me. I left Versailles + again very early. When I was seated in my carriage I noticed the King, + who, from the height of his balcony in the court of marble, watched me set + off and disappear. + </p> + <p> + I settled at Paris, where my personal interest and my great fortune gave + me an existence which many might have envied. I never returned to + Versailles, except for the weddings of my eldest daughter, and of my son, + the Serious;—[Louis Augusts de Bourbon, Duc du Maine, a good man, + somewhat devout and melancholy. (See the Memoirs of Dubois and Richelieu.)—EDITOR'S + NOTE.]—I always loved him better than he did me. + </p> + <p> + Pere de Latour, my director, obtained from me then, what I had refused + hitherto to everybody, a letter of reconciliation to M. le Marquis de + Montespan: I had foreseen the reply, which was that of an obstinate, + ill-bred, and evil man. + </p> + <p> + Pere de Latour, going further, wished to impose hard, not to say + murderous, penances on me; I begged him to keep within bounds, and not to + make me impatient. This Oratorian and his admirers have stated that I wore + a hair shirt and shroud. Pious slanders, every word of them! I give many + pensions and alms, that is to say, I do good to several families; the good + that I bestow about me will be more agreeable to God than any harm I could + do myself, and that I maintain. + </p> + <p> + The Marquis d'Antin, my son, since my disgrace....... + </p> + <p> + HERE END THE MEMOIRS OF MADAME DE MONTESPAN. + </p> + <p> + <br /><br /> <br /><br /><br /><br /> + </p> + <h3> + THE ETEXT EDITOR'S BOOKMARKS: + </h3> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> +All the death-in-life of a convent +Always sold at a loss which must be sold at a given moment +Ambition puts a thick bandage over the eyes +And then he would go off, laughing in his sleeve +Armed with beauty and sarcasm +Cannot reconcile themselves to what exists +Conduct of the sort which cements and revives attachments +Console me on the morrow for what had troubled me to-day +Cuddlings and caresses of decrepitude +Depicting other figures she really portrays her own +Domestics included two nurses, a waiting-maid, a physician +Extravagant, without the means to be so +Grow like a dilapidated house; I am only here to repair myself +Happy with him as a woman who takes her husband's place can be +Hate me, but fear me +He contradicted me about trifles +He was not fool enough for his place +I myself being the first to make merry at it (my plainness) +In the great world, a vague promise is the same as a refusal +In Rome justice and religion always rank second to politics +In ill-assorted unions, good sense or good nature must intervene +In England a man is the absolute proprietor of his wife +Intimacy, once broken, cannot be renewed +It is easier to offend me than to deceive me +Jealous without motive, and almost without love +Kings only desire to be obeyed when they command +Knew how to point the Bastille cannon at the troops of the King +Laws will only be as so many black lines on white paper +Love-affair between Mademoiselle de la Valliere and the King +Madame de Sevigne +Madame de Montespan had died of an attack of coquetry +Not show it off was as if one only possessed a kennel +Permissible neither to applaud nor to hiss +Poetry without rhapsody +Present princes and let those be scandalised who will! +Respectful without servility +Satire without bitterness +Says all that he means, and resolutely means all that he can say +She awaits your replies without interruption +Situations in life where we are condemned to see evil done +Talent without artifice +That Which Often It is Best to Ignore +The King replied that "too much was too much" +The monarch suddenly enough rejuvenated his attire +The pulpit is in want of comedians; they work wonders there +Then comes discouragement; after that, habit +There is an exaggeration in your sorrow +These liars in surplice, in black cassock, or in purple +Time, the irresistible healer +Trust not in kings +Violent passion had changed to mere friendship +Weeping just as if princes had not got to die like anybody else +Went so far as to shed tears, his most difficult feat of all +What they need is abstinence, prohibitions, thwartings +When women rule their reign is always stormy and troublous +When one has seen him, everything is excusable +When one has been pretty, one imagines that one is still so +Wife: property or of furniture, useful to his house +Wish you had the generosity to show, now and again, less wit +Women who misconduct themselves are pitiless and severe +Won for himself a great name and great wealth by words +Would you like to be a cardinal? I can manage that +You know, madame, that he generally gets everything he wants +</pre> + <p> + <br /> <br /> + </p> + <hr /> + <p> + <br /><br /> + </p> +<pre xml:space="preserve"> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Memoirs of Madame de Montespan, +Complete, by Madame La Marquise De Montespan + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MADAME DE MONTESPAN *** + +***** This file should be named 3854-h.htm or 3854-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.net/3/8/5/3854/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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