diff options
| -rw-r--r-- | .gitattributes | 3 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-8.txt | 888 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-8.zip | bin | 0 -> 18057 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-h.zip | bin | 0 -> 123553 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-h/38434-h.htm | 957 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-h/images/cover.jpg | bin | 0 -> 41651 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-h/images/drop_i.jpg | bin | 0 -> 21644 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-h/images/frontis.jpg | bin | 0 -> 40827 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434-h/images/printer.jpg | bin | 0 -> 32026 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434.txt | 888 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | 38434.zip | bin | 0 -> 18055 bytes | |||
| -rw-r--r-- | LICENSE.txt | 11 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | README.md | 2 |
13 files changed, 2749 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6833f05 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +* text=auto +*.txt text +*.md text diff --git a/38434-8.txt b/38434-8.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..c0f2809 --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-8.txt @@ -0,0 +1,888 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, Lincoln's Use of The Bible, by Samuel Trevena +Jackson + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: Lincoln's Use of The Bible + + +Author: Samuel Trevena Jackson + + + +Release Date: December 28, 2011 [eBook #38434] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE*** + + +E-text prepared by David Edwards and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by +Internet Archive (http://www.archive.org) + + + +Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this + file which includes the original illustration. + See 38434-h.htm or 38434-h.zip: + (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38434/38434-h/38434-h.htm) + or + (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38434/38434-h.zip) + + + Images of the original pages are available through + Internet Archive. See + http://www.archive.org/details/lincolnsuseofbib4038jack + + + + + +LINCOLN'SˇUSE OFˇTHEˇBIBLE + +SˇTREVENAˇJACKSON + + +[Illustration: A. Lincoln 1864] + + +LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE + +by + +S. TREVENA JACKSON + + + + + + + +The Abingdon Press +New York Cincinnati + +Copyright, 1909, by +Eaton & Mains. + +Printed December, 1909 +Reprinted February, 1910; October, 1914 + + + + + When quiet in my house I sit, + Thy book be my companion still; + My joy thy sayings to repeat, + Talk o'er the records of thy will, + And search the oracles divine, + Till every heartfelt word be mine. + --_Charles Wesley._ + + The Bible is a book of faith, + A book of doctrine, + And a book of religion, + Of especial revelation from God. + --_Daniel Webster._ + + And weary seekers of the best, + We come back laden from our quest, + To find that all the sages said-- + Is in the Book our mothers read. + --_Whittier._ + + + + +LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE + + "The Bible is the king's best copy, the magistrate's best rule, the + housewife's best guide, the servant's best directory, and the best + companion of youth." + + +In a log cabin at Nolin's Creek, Hardin County, Kentucky, the boy breathed +the first breath of life. Hope's anchor hung on a slender string, if we +are to measure by the child's home surroundings. But his birthplace +possessed a soul; for a home with a good book in it has a soul. This book +was the Bible. It mastered his manners, molded his mind, made mighty his +manhood, and gave to America the matchless man. + +In the Bible he found the truth for the ills of men, the secret for the +solution of life's perplexing problems, the boon for the best beaten +path, the succor for the suffering, the calmest comforts for the dying, +and the faithful friend when foes are near and other friends so far away. + +We shall speak of what others have said concerning Lincoln's use of the +Bible; what he himself said of it; the use he made of it; and the +influence of the Scriptures on his life and literature. + +In Herndon's Life of Lincoln the partner and President is portrayed as a +foe rather than a friend of the Bible. This is seen to be erroneous by +simply reading his speeches, for they are like the dewdrops on the blades +of green in early fall, sparkling everywhere. It is hard to read a great +speech of Lincoln's without seeing the influence of the Bible on his life, +works, and style. + +Sarah K. Bolton writes: "Mrs. Lincoln possessed but one book in the +world, the Bible; and from this she taught her children daily. Abraham had +been to school for two or three months, to such a school as the rude +country afforded, and had learned to read. Of quick mind and retentive +memory, he soon came to know the Bible well-nigh by heart, and to look +upon his gentle teacher as the embodiment of all the good precepts in the +book." + +Lincoln's mother died after a lingering illness when he was ten years old. +It is said that during her sickness he cared for her as tenderly as a +girl, and that he often sat at her side and read the Bible to her for +hours. Much of his later life and style was influenced by his early +reading of the Bible. + +L. E. Chittenden says: "Except the instructions of his mother, the Bible +more powerfully controlled the intellectual development of the son than +all other causes combined. He memorized many of its chapters and had them +perfectly at his command. Early in his professional life he learned that +the most useful of all books to the public speaker was the Bible. After +1857 he seldom made a speech which did not contain quotations from the +Bible." + +Alexander Williamson, who was engaged as tutor in the Lincoln family in +Washington, said: "Mr. Lincoln very frequently studied the Bible with the +aid of Cruden's Concordance, which lay on his table." The Presbyterian +pastor in Springfield, Rev. James Smith, states that Lincoln became a +believer in the Bible and Jesus Christ as the Son of God. It is true that +Mr. Smith placed before Lincoln the arguments for and against the divine +authority of the Scriptures. He looked at it from a lawyer's viewpoint, +and, at the conclusion, declared the argument in favor of divine authority +and inspiration of the Bible unanswerable. + +Mr. Arnold, in his Life of Lincoln, speaking of the Second Inaugural +Address, said: "Since the days of Christ's Sermon on the Mount, where is +the speech of emperor, king, or ruler which can compare with this? May we +not without irreverence say that passages of this address are worthy of +that holy book which he read daily, and from which, during his long days +of trial, he had drawn inspiration and guidance? This paper in its solemn +recognition of the justice of the Almighty God reminds us of the words of +the old Hebrew prophets." + +Bishop Simpson, in his funeral address, said: "Abraham Lincoln was a good +man, a man of noble heart in every way. He read the Bible frequently; he +loved it for its great truths; and he tried to be guided by its precepts. +He believed in Christ as the Saviour of sinners, and I think he was +sincere in trying to bring his life in harmony with the precepts of +revealed religion. I doubt if any President has shown such trust in God, +or in public document so frequently referred to divine aid." + +In the year 1901 President Roosevelt delivered an address before the +American Bible Society on "Reading the Bible," in which he said: "Lincoln, +sad, patient, kindly Lincoln, who, after bearing upon his shoulders for +four years a greater burden than that borne by any other man of the +nineteenth century, laid down his life for the people whom, living, he +had served so well, built up his entire reading upon his study of the +Bible. He had mastered it absolutely, mastered it as later he mastered +only one or two other books, notably Shakespeare, mastered it so that he +became almost a man of one book who knew that book, and who instinctively +put into practice what he had been taught therein; and he left his life as +part of the crowning work of the century just closed." + +Lincoln often spoke and wrote of the value of the Bible. To Joshua F. +Speed, one of his most intimate friends, and at one time his roommate, he +wrote: "I am profitably engaged in reading the Bible. Take all of this +book upon reason that you can, and the balance on faith, and you will live +and die a better man," Mrs. Speed gave Lincoln a Bible, and, after a +visit to that home in 1841, he wrote to the daughter, Mary Speed, and at +the close said: "Tell your mother I have not got her present (an Oxford +Bible) with me, but I intend to read it regularly when I return home. I +doubt not that it is really, as she says, the best cure for the blues, +could one but take it according to truth." + +On July 4, 1842, in writing to his friend Speed of the service he had been +in bringing Joshua and Fanny, his sweetheart, together, he said: "I +believe God made me one of the instruments of bringing you and Fanny +together, which union I have no doubt he had foreordained. Whatever he +designs he will do for me yet. 'Stand still and see the salvation of the +Lord' is my text just now." + +It is stated on good authority that after his election in 1860 he said to +Judge Joseph Gillespie: "I have read on my knees the story of Gethsemane, +where the Son of God prayed in vain that the cup of bitterness might pass +from him. I am in the garden of Gethsemane now, and my cup is running +over." + +Lincoln's reply to a committee of colored people of Baltimore who +presented him with a Bible, September 7, 1864, gives his opinion of the +Bible: "In regard to this great book I have but to say: It is the best +gift God has given to man. All the good Saviour gave to this world was +communicated through this book. But for it we could not know right from +wrong. All things most desirable for man's welfare here and hereafter are +to be found portrayed in it. To you I return my most sincere thanks for +the very elegant copy of the great Book of God which you present." + +At Springfield he addressed the Bible Society and said: "It seems to me +that nothing short of infinite wisdom could by any possibility have +devised and given to man this excellent and perfect moral code. It is +suited to men in all the conditions of life, and inculcates all the duties +they owe to their Creator, to themselves, and to their fellow men." + +In J. G. Holland's Life of Lincoln he gives us the conversation with Mr. +Bateman: "Mr. Bateman, I have carefully read the Bible." Then he drew from +his pocket a New Testament: "These men will know that I am for freedom in +the territories, freedom everywhere as far as the Constitution and laws +will permit, and my opponents are for slavery. They know this, yet, with +this book in their hands, in the light of which human bondage cannot live +a moment, they are going to vote against me. I know there is a God, and +that he hates injustice and slavery. I see the storm coming, and I know +that his hand is in it. If he has a place for me--and I think he has--I +believe I am ready. I am nothing, but truth is everything. I know I am +right, for Christ teaches it, and Christ is God." + +In his Lyceum speech he speaks of the advantage of an education and being +able to read the history of his own and other countries, by which we may +appreciate the value of our free institutions, to say nothing of the +advantages and satisfaction to be derived from all being able to read for +themselves the Scriptures and other works both of a religious and moral +nature. In this same speech he uses this language: "If destruction be our +lot we must ourselves be its author and finisher." Then, speaking of the +Revolution, he desired the history of it to "be read and recounted as long +as the Bible shall be read." + +The night before the President left Springfield for the White House a +friend from Chicago sent him the American flag with these words: "Have not +I commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither +be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee whithersoever thou +goest. There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days +of thy life: as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee." + +It has been said by those who pride themselves on having no faith in the +inspiration of the Scriptures that Lincoln held their views. But he +addressed conventions and Sunday-schools, and the Bible was as often +quoted by him as Blackstone. The addresses and letters of Lincoln are +saturated with expressions from the Holy Scriptures. In his reply to +Douglas he gave his speech great force by the words of Christ: "A house +divided against itself cannot stand." In writing to Mr. W. Durley he uses +scriptural terms: "By the fruit the tree is to be known. An evil tree +cannot bring forth good fruit." + +Ann Rutledge gave him a new view of the Bible and Shakespeare. Abraham +Lincoln's is the language of the Bible. He never used the Bible in an +irreverent way. In the Lincoln Museum, Washington, there is a copy of the +Holy Scriptures. It is well worn, and shows the signs of good use. Inside +the cover are these words in his own handwriting: "A. Lincoln, his own +book." + +He wrote a letter to Rev. J. M. Peck in 1848 asking him, "Is the precept, +'Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them,' +obsolete, of no force, of no application?" In his description of Niagara +he said: "It calls up the indefinite past when Christ suffered on the +cross, when Moses led Israel through the Red Sea--nay, even when Adam +first came from the hand of his Maker; then, as now, Niagara was roaring +here." + +In writing to John D. Johnston concerning his father's illness, he said: +"I sincerely hope Father will recover his health, but, at all events, tell +him to remember and call upon and confide in our great and good and +merciful Maker. He notes the fall of the sparrow and numbers the hairs of +our heads, and he will not forget the dying man who puts his trust in +him." + +Mr. William S. Speer wrote to Mr. Lincoln asking him to write a letter to +give his definite views on the slavery question. Lincoln replied: "I have +already done this many, many times, and it is in print and open to all who +will read. Those who will not read or heed what I have already publicly +said would not read or heed a repetition of it. 'If they hear not Moses +and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rose from the +dead.'" + +In a letter to Reverdy Johnson he wrote: "I am a patient man, always +willing to forgive on the Christian terms of repentance, and also to give +ample time for repentance." Lincoln wrote to General J. A. McClernand: +"My belief is that the permanent estimate of what a general does in the +field is fixed by the 'cloud of witnesses' who have been with him in the +field." + +Lincoln was ever bringing his knowledge of the Scriptures to the minds of +men. When an aged citizen, John Phillips, had done him honor, he wrote +him: "The example of such devotion to civic duties in one whose days have +been already extended an average lifetime beyond the psalmist's limit +cannot but be valuable and fruitful." + +We find in his speeches and letters the Bible at his tongue's end. In his +reply to Douglas at Alton he said: "He has warred upon them as Satan wars +upon the Bible. The Bible says somewhere we are desperately selfish." And, +writing to J. F. Speed, he writes of those who are so interested in +slavery, and says: "If, like Haman, they should hang upon the gallows of +their own building, I should not be among the mourners for their fate." +Then again he says: "Let us judge not, that we be not judged," Then the +words of the Christ: "Woe unto the world because of offenses! for it must +needs be that offenses come; but woe to that man by whom the offense +cometh!" + +In his temperance speech in 1842 he sees the spirit of temperance like the +conqueror in the Revelation going forth "conquering and to conquer," He +sees the drunkard reclaimed, and, like the man in the gospel, "clothed and +in his right mind"; then, describing the reclaimed, "out of their abundant +hearts their tongues give utterance." Then he speaks of the unpardonable +sin for the drunkard as unknown: "As in Christianity it is taught, 'while +the lamp holds out to burn the vilest sinner may return.'" Then he refers +to the Scriptures and says: "He ever seems to have gone forth like the +Egyptian angel of death, commissioned to slay, if not the first, the +fairest born of every family." Then he takes us over to the prophet: "Come +from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may +live." + +He was very fond of a poem called "Adam and Eve's Wedding Song": + + "When Adam was created + He dwelt in Eden's shade. + As Moses has recorded. + And soon a bride was made." + +Some thought that Lincoln was its author, but he said: "I am not the +author. I would give all I am worth, and go in debt, to be able to write +so fine a piece." In speaking of the tariff he said: "In the early days +of our race the Almighty said to the first of our race, 'In the sweat of +thy face shalt thou eat bread.'" + +In 1848, when President Polk sent a message to Congress stating that +Mexico "had shed American blood upon American soil," Lincoln made a long +speech against war with Mexico, and recalled the death of Abel thus: "That +he [President Polk] is deeply conscious of being in the wrong; that he +feels the blood of this war, like the blood of Abel, is crying to heaven +against him." + +In Lincoln's eulogy on Henry Clay he brings the Book of God before the +people: "Pharaoh's country was cursed with plagues and his hosts were lost +in the Red Sea for striving to retain a captive people who had already +served them more than four hundred years. May this disaster never befall +us!" + +His knowledge of the Bible is clearly seen in his debate with Judge +Douglas, for when the latter described man in the garden with evil or good +to choose from Lincoln's reply was: "God did not place good and evil +before man, telling him to take his choice. On the contrary, he did tell +him there was one tree of the fruit of which he should not eat upon pain +of certain death." Later Judge Douglas said that Lincoln had a proneness +for quoting the Scriptures, and Lincoln replied in his Springfield +address, July 17, 1858: "If I should do so now it occurs that he places +himself somewhat upon the ground of the parable of the lost sheep which +went astray upon the mountains, and when the owner of the hundred sheep +found the one that was lost and threw it upon his shoulders, and came home +rejoicing, it was said that there was more rejoicing over the one sheep +that was lost and had been found than over the ninety and nine in the +fold. The application is made by the Saviour in this parable thus: 'Verily +I say unto you, there is more rejoicing in heaven over one sinner that +repenteth than over ninety and nine just persons that need no repentance.' +Repentance before forgiveness is a provision of the Christian system." In +his fragments of a speech he claims "the revelation in the Bible, and his +revelation the Bible." + +Lincoln has before his mind the ideas of the early church when he says: +"'Give to him that is needy' is a Christian rule of charity." In 1859 he +gave a lecture on "Discoveries, Inventions, and Improvements," in which +he gives a description of our first parents: "It was the destined work of +Adam's race to develop by discoveries, inventions, and improvements, and +the first invention of which we have any account is the fig-leaf apron. +Speech was used by our first parents, and even by Adam before the creation +of Eve." + +At Cincinnati he speaks of "the loaves and fishes," and concludes his +speech almost with Bible words: "The good old maxims of the Bible are +applicable, and truly applicable, to human affairs; and in this as in +other things we may say here that he who is not for us is against us; and +he who gathereth not with us scattereth." He concludes his speech in +Kansas in the same year with the same words. + +When the people were anxious to hear and see him on his way to the White +House he was desirous of keeping silence, and often quoted: "Solomon says +there is a time to keep silence." At Philadelphia, in Independence Hall, +he spoke: "All my political welfare has been in favor of the teachings +that come from these sacred walls. May my right hand forget its cunning, +and my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if ever I prove false to +these teachings." + +When Lincoln proclaimed a national fast day he declared that all must be +done in full conviction "that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of +wisdom." + +An old man had come to Lincoln for his son, who was to be shot, and said: +"Mr. Lincoln, my wife sent me to you. We had three boys. They all joined +your army. One of 'em has been killed, one's a-fighting now, and one of +'em, the youngest, has been tried for deserting, and he's going to be shot +day after to-morrow. He never deserted. He's wild and may have drunk too +much and wandered off, but he never deserted. 'Tain't in the blood. He's +his mother's favorite, and if he's shot I know she'll die." General Butler +was telegraphed to to suspend the execution. The old man was afraid to go +home with this message, thinking the President might give a different +order to-morrow. Lincoln said to the old man: "Tell his mother that I +said, 'If your son lives until they get further orders from me, when he +does die people will say that old Methuselah was a baby compared to him.'" + +It is said that the best result which the convention achieved at Cleveland +in 1864, when it nominated Fremont for the presidency and John Cochrane +for the vice-presidency, was that it called forth a bit of wit from the +President. Some one remarked to him that, instead of the expected +thousands, only about four hundred persons were present. He turned to the +Bible which, say Nicolay and Hay, commonly lay on his desk, and read I +Sam. 22. 2: "And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in +debt, and every one that was in bitterness of soul, gathered themselves +unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about +four hundred men." + +A primary and intermediate school was so located as to be separated by a +fence from the rear of the White House grounds. The President often +watched the children play. One morning the teacher gave them a lesson in +neatness, and asked each boy to come to school next day with his shoes +blacked. They all obeyed. One of them, John S., a poor one-armed lad, had +used stove polish, the only kind his home afforded. The boys were +merciless in their ridicule. The boy was only nine years old, the son of a +dead soldier, his mother a washerwoman, with three other children to +provide for. The President heard the boys jeering Johnny, and learned the +facts about the boy. + +The next day John S. came to school with a new suit and with new shoes, +and told that the President had called at his home and took him to the +store and bought two suits of clothes for him and clothes for his sisters, +and sent coal and groceries to the house. In addition to this the lad +brought to the teacher a scrap of paper containing a verse of Scripture, +which Mr. Lincoln had requested to have written upon the blackboard: + +"Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, +ye have done it unto me." + +Some weeks after the President visited the school, and the teacher +directed his attention to the verse, which was still there. Mr. Lincoln +read it; then, taking a crayon, said: "Boys, I have another quotation from +the Bible, and I hope you will learn it and come to know its truth as I +have known and felt it." Then below the other verse he wrote: + + "It is more blessed to give than to receive. + + A. LINCOLN." + +The influence of the Bible on the life and literature of Lincoln was +remarkable. It gave to this nation and the world a life of service, and in +that service he placed the most delicate spirit of sincerity, sobriety, +sympathy, and love. In literature he has given to us abiding beauty in its +simplicity and strength of expression. Of his Gettysburg speech the London +Quarterly Review said, substantially, that the oration surpassed every +production of its class known in literature; that only the oration of +Pericles over the victories of the Peloponnesian War could be compared to +it, and that was put into his mouth by the historian Thucydides. Mr. +Sumner said it was the most finished piece of oratory he had ever seen. +Every word was appropriate. None could be omitted and none added and none +changed. + +Professor Albert S. Cook, teacher of English Language and Literature in +Yale, in his book, The Bible and English Prose Style, seeking to show the +influence of the Bible on the style of great writers, says: "But the +matter is beyond dispute when we come to a piece of classic prose like +Lincoln's Second Inaugural, which certainly owes nothing to the Romans of +the Decadence." Then this sample of the Bible style is given: "'Neither +party expected the magnitude or the duration which it has already +attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease +with, or even before the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an +easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read +the same Bible and prayed to the same God, and each invoked his aid +against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a +just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other +men's faces; but let us judge not, that we be not judged. The prayers of +both could not be answered. That of neither has been fully. The Almighty +has his own purposes!' + +"At this point we may pause, for we need no further demonstration of the +indebtedness of English prose style to the Bible, nor would it be easy to +discover a better illustration of biblical qualities in modern guise +exemplified in a passage of more interest to all the world. South +recognized it as a mark of illiteracy to be fond of high-flown metaphors +and allegories, attended and set off with scraps of Greek and Latin. If +this be true, the American people so far escape the imputation as they +have set their seal of approval on such writings as Lincoln's; and that +they have had judgment and taste to do so is due, more than to any other +cause, to their familiarity with the Bible." + +The spirit life of the Bible was built into Lincoln's boyhood, expanded in +his young manhood, ripened in his middle age, sustained him when sorrows +seared his soul, and gave to him a grip upon God, man, freedom, and +immortality. The influence of the Bible upon him gave him reverence for +God and his will; for Christianity and its Christ; for the Holy Spirit and +its help; for prayer and its power; for praise and its purpose; for the +immortal impulse and its inspiration. + +Truly might Henry Watterson ask: "Where did Shakespeare get his genius? +Where did Mozart get his music? Whose hand smote the lyre of the Scottish +plowman, and stayed the life of the German priest? God, God, and God +alone, and surely as these were raised up by God, so was Abraham Lincoln." + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE*** + + +******* This file should be named 38434-8.txt or 38434-8.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/8/4/3/38434 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://www.gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: +http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + diff --git a/38434-8.zip b/38434-8.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..5082203 --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-8.zip diff --git a/38434-h.zip b/38434-h.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..a8618ce --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-h.zip diff --git a/38434-h/38434-h.htm b/38434-h/38434-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2e97268 --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-h/38434-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,957 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" + "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> +<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> +<head> +<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1" /> +<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Lincoln's Use of The Bible, by Samuel Trevena Jackson</title> + <style type="text/css"> + + p {margin-top: .75em; text-align: justify; margin-bottom: .75em;} + + body {margin-left: 12%; margin-right: 12%;} + + .pagenum {position: absolute; left: 92%; font-size: smaller; text-align: right; font-style: normal;} + + h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6 {text-align: center; clear: both;} + + hr {width: 33%; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 2em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; clear: both;} + + table {margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;} + + .giant {font-size: 200%} + .large {font-size: 125%} + + .blockquot {margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 10%;} + .poem {margin-left: 15%;} + .note {margin-left: 20%; margin-right: 20%;} + .center {text-align: center;} + + .figcenter {margin: auto; text-align: center;} + + .dropfig {float: left; clear: left; margin: 0 2px 0 0;} + + .spacer {padding-left: 1em; padding-right: 1em;} + + hr.full { width: 100%; + margin-top: 3em; + margin-bottom: 0em; + margin-left: auto; + margin-right: auto; + height: 4px; + border-width: 4px 0 0 0; /* remove all borders except the top one */ + border-style: solid; + border-color: #000000; + clear: both; } + pre {font-size: 85%;} + </style> +</head> +<body> +<h1>The Project Gutenberg eBook, Lincoln's Use of The Bible, by Samuel Trevena +Jackson</h1> +<pre> +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at <a href = "http://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a></pre> +<p>Title: Lincoln's Use of The Bible</p> +<p>Author: Samuel Trevena Jackson</p> +<p>Release Date: December 28, 2011 [eBook #38434]</p> +<p>Language: English</p> +<p>Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1</p> +<p>***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE***</p> +<p> </p> +<h4>E-text prepared by David Edwards<br /> + and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team<br /> + (<a href="http://www.pgdp.net">http://www.pgdp.net</a>)<br /> + from page images generously made available by<br /> + Internet Archive<br /> + (<a href="http://www.archive.org">http://www.archive.org</a>)</h4> +<p> </p> +<p> </p> +<table border="0" style="background-color: #ccccff;margin: 0 auto;" cellpadding="10"> + <tr> + <td valign="top"> + Note: + </td> + <td> + Images of the original pages are available through + Internet Archive. See + <a href="http://www.archive.org/details/lincolnsuseofbib4038jack"> + http://www.archive.org/details/lincolnsuseofbib4038jack</a> + </td> + </tr> +</table> +<hr class="full" /> +<p> </p> + +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p><p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/frontis.jpg" alt="A. Lincoln 1864" /></div> + + +<p> </p><p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="center"><span class="giant">LINCOLN’S USE<br /> +OF THE BIBLE</span></p> +<p> </p> +<p class="center"><small>BY</small><br /> +<span class="large">S. TREVENA JACKSON</span></p> +<p> </p> +<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/printer.jpg" alt="" /></div> +<p> </p> +<p class="center">THE ABINGDON PRESS<br /> +NEW YORK<span class="spacer"> </span>CINCINNATI</p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<p class="center">Copyright, 1909, by<br /> +EATON & MAINS.</p> + +<p> </p> +<p class="center">Printed December, 1909<br /> +Reprinted February, 1910; October, 1914</p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></span></p> +<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="5" summary="table"> +<tr><td>When quiet in my house I sit,<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Thy book be my companion still;</span><br /> +My joy thy sayings to repeat,<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">Talk o’er the records of thy will,</span><br /> +And search the oracles divine,<br /> +Till every heartfelt word be mine.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 10em;">—<i>Charles Wesley.</i></span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>The Bible is a book of faith,<br /> +A book of doctrine,<br /> +And a book of religion,<br /> +Of especial revelation from God.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 10em;">—<i>Daniel Webster.</i></span></td></tr> +<tr><td> </td></tr> +<tr><td>And weary seekers of the best,<br /> +We come back laden from our quest,<br /> +To find that all the sages said—<br /> +Is in the Book our mothers read.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 10em;">—<i>Whittier.</i></span></td></tr></table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p> + + +<p> </p><p> </p> +<hr style="width: 50%;" /> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> +<h2>LINCOLN’S USE OF THE BIBLE</h2> + +<p class="note">“The Bible is the king’s best copy, the magistrate’s best rule, the +housewife’s best guide, the servant’s best directory, and the best +companion of youth.”</p> + + +<p> </p> +<p><span class="dropfig"><img src="images/drop_i.jpg" alt="I" /></span>n a log cabin at Nolin’s Creek, Hardin County, Kentucky, the boy breathed +the first breath of life. Hope’s anchor hung on a slender string, if we +are to measure by the child’s home surroundings. But his birthplace +possessed a soul; for a home with a good book in it has a soul. This book +was the Bible. It mastered his manners, molded his mind, made mighty his +manhood, and gave to America the matchless man.</p> + +<p>In the Bible he found the truth for the ills of men, the secret for the +solution of life’s perplexing problems, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></span> boon for the best beaten +path, the succor for the suffering, the calmest comforts for the dying, +and the faithful friend when foes are near and other friends so far away.</p> + +<p>We shall speak of what others have said concerning Lincoln’s use of the +Bible; what he himself said of it; the use he made of it; and the +influence of the Scriptures on his life and literature.</p> + +<p>In Herndon’s Life of Lincoln the partner and President is portrayed as a +foe rather than a friend of the Bible. This is seen to be erroneous by +simply reading his speeches, for they are like the dewdrops on the blades +of green in early fall, sparkling everywhere. It is hard to read a great +speech of Lincoln’s without seeing the influence of the Bible on his life, +works, and style.</p> + +<p>Sarah K. Bolton writes: “Mrs. <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></span>Lincoln possessed but one book in the +world, the Bible; and from this she taught her children daily. Abraham had +been to school for two or three months, to such a school as the rude +country afforded, and had learned to read. Of quick mind and retentive +memory, he soon came to know the Bible well-nigh by heart, and to look +upon his gentle teacher as the embodiment of all the good precepts in the +book.”</p> + +<p>Lincoln’s mother died after a lingering illness when he was ten years old. +It is said that during her sickness he cared for her as tenderly as a +girl, and that he often sat at her side and read the Bible to her for +hours. Much of his later life and style was influenced by his early +reading of the Bible.</p> + +<p>L. E. Chittenden says: “Except the instructions of his mother, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> Bible +more powerfully controlled the intellectual development of the son than +all other causes combined. He memorized many of its chapters and had them +perfectly at his command. Early in his professional life he learned that +the most useful of all books to the public speaker was the Bible. After +1857 he seldom made a speech which did not contain quotations from the +Bible.”</p> + +<p>Alexander Williamson, who was engaged as tutor in the Lincoln family in +Washington, said: “Mr. Lincoln very frequently studied the Bible with the +aid of Cruden’s Concordance, which lay on his table.” The Presbyterian +pastor in Springfield, Rev. James Smith, states that Lincoln became a +believer in the Bible and Jesus Christ as the Son of God. It is true that +Mr. Smith placed before Lincoln the <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span>arguments for and against the divine +authority of the Scriptures. He looked at it from a lawyer’s viewpoint, +and, at the conclusion, declared the argument in favor of divine authority +and inspiration of the Bible unanswerable.</p> + +<p>Mr. Arnold, in his Life of Lincoln, speaking of the Second Inaugural +Address, said: “Since the days of Christ’s Sermon on the Mount, where is +the speech of emperor, king, or ruler which can compare with this? May we +not without irreverence say that passages of this address are worthy of +that holy book which he read daily, and from which, during his long days +of trial, he had drawn inspiration and guidance? This paper in its solemn +recognition of the justice of the Almighty God reminds us of the words of +the old Hebrew prophets.”</p> + +<p>Bishop Simpson, in his funeral <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span>address, said: “Abraham Lincoln was a good +man, a man of noble heart in every way. He read the Bible frequently; he +loved it for its great truths; and he tried to be guided by its precepts. +He believed in Christ as the Saviour of sinners, and I think he was +sincere in trying to bring his life in harmony with the precepts of +revealed religion. I doubt if any President has shown such trust in God, +or in public document so frequently referred to divine aid.”</p> + +<p>In the year 1901 President Roosevelt delivered an address before the +American Bible Society on “Reading the Bible,” in which he said: “Lincoln, +sad, patient, kindly Lincoln, who, after bearing upon his shoulders for +four years a greater burden than that borne by any other man of the +nineteenth century, laid down his life<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span> for the people whom, living, he +had served so well, built up his entire reading upon his study of the +Bible. He had mastered it absolutely, mastered it as later he mastered +only one or two other books, notably Shakespeare, mastered it so that he +became almost a man of one book who knew that book, and who instinctively +put into practice what he had been taught therein; and he left his life as +part of the crowning work of the century just closed.”</p> + +<p>Lincoln often spoke and wrote of the value of the Bible. To Joshua F. +Speed, one of his most intimate friends, and at one time his roommate, he +wrote: “I am profitably engaged in reading the Bible. Take all of this +book upon reason that you can, and the balance on faith, and you will live +and die a better man,” Mrs. Speed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> gave Lincoln a Bible, and, after a +visit to that home in 1841, he wrote to the daughter, Mary Speed, and at +the close said: “Tell your mother I have not got her present (an Oxford +Bible) with me, but I intend to read it regularly when I return home. I +doubt not that it is really, as she says, the best cure for the blues, +could one but take it according to truth.”</p> + +<p>On July 4, 1842, in writing to his friend Speed of the service he had been +in bringing Joshua and Fanny, his sweetheart, together, he said: “I +believe God made me one of the instruments of bringing you and Fanny +together, which union I have no doubt he had foreordained. Whatever he +designs he will do for me yet. ‘Stand still and see the salvation of the +Lord’ is my text just now.”</p> + +<p>It is stated on good authority that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> after his election in 1860 he said to +Judge Joseph Gillespie: “I have read on my knees the story of Gethsemane, +where the Son of God prayed in vain that the cup of bitterness might pass +from him. I am in the garden of Gethsemane now, and my cup is running +over.”</p> + +<p>Lincoln’s reply to a committee of colored people of Baltimore who +presented him with a Bible, September 7, 1864, gives his opinion of the +Bible: “In regard to this great book I have but to say: It is the best +gift God has given to man. All the good Saviour gave to this world was +communicated through this book. But for it we could not know right from +wrong. All things most desirable for man’s welfare here and hereafter are +to be found portrayed in it. To you I return my most sincere thanks for +the very <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span>elegant copy of the great Book of God which you present.”</p> + +<p>At Springfield he addressed the Bible Society and said: “It seems to me +that nothing short of infinite wisdom could by any possibility have +devised and given to man this excellent and perfect moral code. It is +suited to men in all the conditions of life, and inculcates all the duties +they owe to their Creator, to themselves, and to their fellow men.”</p> + +<p>In J. G. Holland’s Life of Lincoln he gives us the conversation with Mr. +Bateman: “Mr. Bateman, I have carefully read the Bible.” Then he drew from +his pocket a New Testament: “These men will know that I am for freedom in +the territories, freedom everywhere as far as the Constitution and laws +will permit, and my opponents are for slavery. They know<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> this, yet, with +this book in their hands, in the light of which human bondage cannot live +a moment, they are going to vote against me. I know there is a God, and +that he hates injustice and slavery. I see the storm coming, and I know +that his hand is in it. If he has a place for me—and I think he has—I +believe I am ready. I am nothing, but truth is everything. I know I am +right, for Christ teaches it, and Christ is God.”</p> + +<p>In his Lyceum speech he speaks of the advantage of an education and being +able to read the history of his own and other countries, by which we may +appreciate the value of our free institutions, to say nothing of the +advantages and satisfaction to be derived from all being able to read for +themselves the Scriptures and other works both of a religious and moral<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span> +nature. In this same speech he uses this language: “If destruction be our +lot we must ourselves be its author and finisher.” Then, speaking of the +Revolution, he desired the history of it to “be read and recounted as long +as the Bible shall be read.”</p> + +<p>The night before the President left Springfield for the White House a +friend from Chicago sent him the American flag with these words: “Have not +I commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither +be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee whithersoever thou +goest. There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days +of thy life: as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee.”</p> + +<p>It has been said by those who pride themselves on having no faith in the +inspiration of the Scriptures that <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span>Lincoln held their views. But he +addressed conventions and Sunday-schools, and the Bible was as often +quoted by him as Blackstone. The addresses and letters of Lincoln are +saturated with expressions from the Holy Scriptures. In his reply to +Douglas he gave his speech great force by the words of Christ: “A house +divided against itself cannot stand.” In writing to Mr. W. Durley he uses +scriptural terms: “By the fruit the tree is to be known. An evil tree +cannot bring forth good fruit.”</p> + +<p>Ann Rutledge gave him a new view of the Bible and Shakespeare. Abraham +Lincoln’s is the language of the Bible. He never used the Bible in an +irreverent way. In the Lincoln Museum, Washington, there is a copy of the +Holy Scriptures. It is well worn, and shows the signs of good use. <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span>Inside +the cover are these words in his own handwriting: “A. Lincoln, his own +book.”</p> + +<p>He wrote a letter to Rev. J. M. Peck in 1848 asking him, “Is the precept, +‘Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them,’ +obsolete, of no force, of no application?” In his description of Niagara +he said: “It calls up the indefinite past when Christ suffered on the +cross, when Moses led Israel through the Red Sea—nay, even when Adam +first came from the hand of his Maker; then, as now, Niagara was roaring +here.”</p> + +<p>In writing to John D. Johnston concerning his father’s illness, he said: +“I sincerely hope Father will recover his health, but, at all events, tell +him to remember and call upon and confide in our great and good and +merciful<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> Maker. He notes the fall of the sparrow and numbers the hairs of +our heads, and he will not forget the dying man who puts his trust in him.”</p> + +<p>Mr. William S. Speer wrote to Mr. Lincoln asking him to write a letter to +give his definite views on the slavery question. Lincoln replied: “I have +already done this many, many times, and it is in print and open to all who +will read. Those who will not read or heed what I have already publicly +said would not read or heed a repetition of it. ‘If they hear not Moses +and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rose from the +dead.’”</p> + +<p>In a letter to Reverdy Johnson he wrote: “I am a patient man, always +willing to forgive on the Christian terms of repentance, and also to give +ample time for repentance.” Lincoln<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> wrote to General J. A. McClernand: +“My belief is that the permanent estimate of what a general does in the +field is fixed by the ‘cloud of witnesses’ who have been with him in the +field.”</p> + +<p>Lincoln was ever bringing his knowledge of the Scriptures to the minds of +men. When an aged citizen, John Phillips, had done him honor, he wrote +him: “The example of such devotion to civic duties in one whose days have +been already extended an average lifetime beyond the psalmist’s limit +cannot but be valuable and fruitful.”</p> + +<p>We find in his speeches and letters the Bible at his tongue’s end. In his +reply to Douglas at Alton he said: “He has warred upon them as Satan wars +upon the Bible. The Bible says somewhere we are desperately selfish.” And, +writing to J. F. Speed, he writes of those who are so interested in +<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span>slavery, and says: “If, like Haman, they should hang upon the gallows of +their own building, I should not be among the mourners for their fate.” +Then again he says: “Let us judge not, that we be not judged,” Then the +words of the Christ: “Woe unto the world because of offenses! for it must +needs be that offenses come; but woe to that man by whom the offense +cometh!”</p> + +<p>In his temperance speech in 1842 he sees the spirit of temperance like the +conqueror in the Revelation going forth “conquering and to conquer,” He +sees the drunkard reclaimed, and, like the man in the gospel, “clothed and +in his right mind”; then, describing the reclaimed, “out of their abundant +hearts their tongues give utterance.” Then he speaks of the unpardonable +sin for the drunkard as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span> unknown: “As in Christianity it is taught, ‘while +the lamp holds out to burn the vilest sinner may return.’” Then he refers +to the Scriptures and says: “He ever seems to have gone forth like the +Egyptian angel of death, commissioned to slay, if not the first, the +fairest born of every family.” Then he takes us over to the prophet: “Come +from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may +live.”</p> + +<p>He was very fond of a poem called “Adam and Eve’s Wedding Song”:</p> + +<p class="poem">“When Adam was created<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">He dwelt in Eden’s shade.</span><br /> +As Moses has recorded.<br /> +<span style="margin-left: 1em;">And soon a bride was made.”</span></p> + +<p>Some thought that Lincoln was its author, but he said: “I am not the +author. I would give all I am worth, and go in debt, to be able to write +so<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> fine a piece.” In speaking of the tariff he said: “In the early days +of our race the Almighty said to the first of our race, ‘In the sweat of +thy face shalt thou eat bread.’”</p> + +<p>In 1848, when President Polk sent a message to Congress stating that +Mexico “had shed American blood upon American soil,” Lincoln made a long +speech against war with Mexico, and recalled the death of Abel thus: “That +he [President Polk] is deeply conscious of being in the wrong; that he +feels the blood of this war, like the blood of Abel, is crying to heaven +against him.”</p> + +<p>In Lincoln’s eulogy on Henry Clay he brings the Book of God before the +people: “Pharaoh’s country was cursed with plagues and his hosts were lost +in the Red Sea for striving to retain a captive people who had already<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> +served them more than four hundred years. May this disaster never befall us!”</p> + +<p>His knowledge of the Bible is clearly seen in his debate with Judge +Douglas, for when the latter described man in the garden with evil or good +to choose from Lincoln’s reply was: “God did not place good and evil +before man, telling him to take his choice. On the contrary, he did tell +him there was one tree of the fruit of which he should not eat upon pain +of certain death.” Later Judge Douglas said that Lincoln had a proneness +for quoting the Scriptures, and Lincoln replied in his Springfield +address, July 17, 1858: “If I should do so now it occurs that he places +himself somewhat upon the ground of the parable of the lost sheep which +went astray upon the mountains, and when the owner of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span> hundred sheep +found the one that was lost and threw it upon his shoulders, and came home +rejoicing, it was said that there was more rejoicing over the one sheep +that was lost and had been found than over the ninety and nine in the +fold. The application is made by the Saviour in this parable thus: ‘Verily +I say unto you, there is more rejoicing in heaven over one sinner that +repenteth than over ninety and nine just persons that need no repentance.’ +Repentance before forgiveness is a provision of the Christian system.” In +his fragments of a speech he claims “the revelation in the Bible, and his +revelation the Bible.”</p> + +<p>Lincoln has before his mind the ideas of the early church when he says: +“‘Give to him that is needy’ is a Christian rule of charity.” In 1859 he +gave a lecture on “Discoveries,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span> Inventions, and Improvements,” in which +he gives a description of our first parents: “It was the destined work of +Adam’s race to develop by discoveries, inventions, and improvements, and +the first invention of which we have any account is the fig-leaf apron. +Speech was used by our first parents, and even by Adam before the creation +of Eve.”</p> + +<p>At Cincinnati he speaks of “the loaves and fishes,” and concludes his +speech almost with Bible words: “The good old maxims of the Bible are +applicable, and truly applicable, to human affairs; and in this as in +other things we may say here that he who is not for us is against us; and +he who gathereth not with us scattereth.” He concludes his speech in +Kansas in the same year with the same words.</p> + +<p>When the people were anxious to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span> hear and see him on his way to the White +House he was desirous of keeping silence, and often quoted: “Solomon says +there is a time to keep silence.” At Philadelphia, in Independence Hall, +he spoke: “All my political welfare has been in favor of the teachings +that come from these sacred walls. May my right hand forget its cunning, +and my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if ever I prove false to +these teachings.”</p> + +<p>When Lincoln proclaimed a national fast day he declared that all must be +done in full conviction “that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of +wisdom.”</p> + +<p>An old man had come to Lincoln for his son, who was to be shot, and said: +“Mr. Lincoln, my wife sent me to you. We had three boys. They all joined +your army. One of ’em has been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> killed, one’s a-fighting now, and one of +’em, the youngest, has been tried for deserting, and he’s going to be shot +day after to-morrow. He never deserted. He’s wild and may have drunk too +much and wandered off, but he never deserted. ’Tain’t in the blood. He’s +his mother’s favorite, and if he’s shot I know she’ll die.” General Butler +was telegraphed to to suspend the execution. The old man was afraid to go +home with this message, thinking the President might give a different +order to-morrow. Lincoln said to the old man: “Tell his mother that I +said, ‘If your son lives until they get further orders from me, when he +does die people will say that old Methuselah was a baby compared to him.’”</p> + +<p>It is said that the best result which the convention achieved at Cleveland +in 1864, when it nominated Fremont<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> for the presidency and John Cochrane +for the vice-presidency, was that it called forth a bit of wit from the +President. Some one remarked to him that, instead of the expected +thousands, only about four hundred persons were present. He turned to the +Bible which, say Nicolay and Hay, commonly lay on his desk, and read I +Sam. 22. 2: “And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in +debt, and every one that was in bitterness of soul, gathered themselves +unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about +four hundred men.”</p> + +<p>A primary and intermediate school was so located as to be separated by a +fence from the rear of the White House grounds. The President often +watched the children play. One morning the teacher gave them a lesson in +neatness,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span> and asked each boy to come to school next day with his shoes +blacked. They all obeyed. One of them, John S., a poor one-armed lad, had +used stove polish, the only kind his home afforded. The boys were +merciless in their ridicule. The boy was only nine years old, the son of a +dead soldier, his mother a washerwoman, with three other children to +provide for. The President heard the boys jeering Johnny, and learned the +facts about the boy.</p> + +<p>The next day John S. came to school with a new suit and with new shoes, +and told that the President had called at his home and took him to the +store and bought two suits of clothes for him and clothes for his sisters, +and sent coal and groceries to the house. In addition to this the lad +brought to the teacher a scrap of paper containing<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> a verse of Scripture, +which Mr. Lincoln had requested to have written upon the blackboard:</p> + +<p>“Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, +ye have done it unto me.”</p> + +<p>Some weeks after the President visited the school, and the teacher +directed his attention to the verse, which was still there. Mr. Lincoln +read it; then, taking a crayon, said: “Boys, I have another quotation from +the Bible, and I hope you will learn it and come to know its truth as I +have known and felt it.” Then below the other verse he wrote:</p> + +<div class="blockquot"> +<p>“It is more blessed to give than to receive.</p> + +<p><span style="margin-left: 4em;">A. LINCOLN.”</span></p></div> + +<p>The influence of the Bible on the life and literature of Lincoln was +remarkable. It gave to this nation and the world a life of service, and in +that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> service he placed the most delicate spirit of sincerity, sobriety, +sympathy, and love. In literature he has given to us abiding beauty in its +simplicity and strength of expression. Of his Gettysburg speech the London +Quarterly Review said, substantially, that the oration surpassed every +production of its class known in literature; that only the oration of +Pericles over the victories of the Peloponnesian War could be compared to +it, and that was put into his mouth by the historian Thucydides. Mr. +Sumner said it was the most finished piece of oratory he had ever seen. +Every word was appropriate. None could be omitted and none added and none +changed.</p> + +<p>Professor Albert S. Cook, teacher of English Language and Literature in +Yale, in his book, The Bible and English Prose Style, seeking to show the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span> +influence of the Bible on the style of great writers, says: “But the +matter is beyond dispute when we come to a piece of classic prose like +Lincoln’s Second Inaugural, which certainly owes nothing to the Romans of +the Decadence.” Then this sample of the Bible style is given: “‘Neither +party expected the magnitude or the duration which it has already +attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease +with, or even before the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an +easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read +the same Bible and prayed to the same God, and each invoked his aid +against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a +just God’s assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other +men’s faces; but let us judge not, that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span> we be not judged. The prayers of +both could not be answered. That of neither has been fully. The Almighty +has his own purposes!’</p> + +<p>“At this point we may pause, for we need no further demonstration of the +indebtedness of English prose style to the Bible, nor would it be easy to +discover a better illustration of biblical qualities in modern guise +exemplified in a passage of more interest to all the world. South +recognized it as a mark of illiteracy to be fond of high-flown metaphors +and allegories, attended and set off with scraps of Greek and Latin. If +this be true, the American people so far escape the imputation as they +have set their seal of approval on such writings as Lincoln’s; and that +they have had judgment and taste to do so is due, more than to any other +cause, to their familiarity with the Bible.”</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span>The spirit life of the Bible was built into Lincoln’s boyhood, expanded in +his young manhood, ripened in his middle age, sustained him when sorrows +seared his soul, and gave to him a grip upon God, man, freedom, and +immortality. The influence of the Bible upon him gave him reverence for +God and his will; for Christianity and its Christ; for the Holy Spirit and +its help; for prayer and its power; for praise and its purpose; for the +immortal impulse and its inspiration.</p> + +<p>Truly might Henry Watterson ask: “Where did Shakespeare get his genius? +Where did Mozart get his music? Whose hand smote the lyre of the Scottish +plowman, and stayed the life of the German priest? God, God, and God +alone, and surely as these were raised up by God, so was Abraham Lincoln.”</p> + + +<p> </p> +<p> </p> +<hr class="full" /> +<p>***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE***</p> +<p>******* This file should be named 38434-h.txt or 38434-h.zip *******</p> +<p>This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:<br /> +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/8/4/3/38434">http://www.gutenberg.org/3/8/4/3/38434</a></p> +<p>Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed.</p> + +<p>Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution.</p> + + + +<pre> +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license">http://www.gutenberg.org/license)</a>. + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS,' WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Each eBook is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's +eBook number, often in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII, +compressed (zipped), HTML and others. + +Corrected EDITIONS of our eBooks replace the old file and take over +the old filename and etext number. The replaced older file is renamed. +VERSIONS based on separate sources are treated as new eBooks receiving +new filenames and etext numbers. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org">http://www.gutenberg.org</a> + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + +EBooks posted prior to November 2003, with eBook numbers BELOW #10000, +are filed in directories based on their release date. If you want to +download any of these eBooks directly, rather than using the regular +search system you may utilize the following addresses and just +download by the etext year. + +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext06/">http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/etext06/</a> + + (Or /etext 05, 04, 03, 02, 01, 00, 99, + 98, 97, 96, 95, 94, 93, 92, 92, 91 or 90) + +EBooks posted since November 2003, with etext numbers OVER #10000, are +filed in a different way. The year of a release date is no longer part +of the directory path. The path is based on the etext number (which is +identical to the filename). The path to the file is made up of single +digits corresponding to all but the last digit in the filename. For +example an eBook of filename 10234 would be found at: + +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/1/0/2/3/10234 + +or filename 24689 would be found at: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/2/4/6/8/24689 + +An alternative method of locating eBooks: +<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/GUTINDEX.ALL">http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/GUTINDEX.ALL</a> + +*** END: FULL LICENSE *** +</pre> +</body> +</html> diff --git a/38434-h/images/cover.jpg b/38434-h/images/cover.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..d387054 --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-h/images/cover.jpg diff --git a/38434-h/images/drop_i.jpg b/38434-h/images/drop_i.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..ffcdcaa --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-h/images/drop_i.jpg diff --git a/38434-h/images/frontis.jpg b/38434-h/images/frontis.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..23336ff --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-h/images/frontis.jpg diff --git a/38434-h/images/printer.jpg b/38434-h/images/printer.jpg Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..29e494f --- /dev/null +++ b/38434-h/images/printer.jpg diff --git a/38434.txt b/38434.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..92c0408 --- /dev/null +++ b/38434.txt @@ -0,0 +1,888 @@ +The Project Gutenberg eBook, Lincoln's Use of The Bible, by Samuel Trevena +Jackson + + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + + + + +Title: Lincoln's Use of The Bible + + +Author: Samuel Trevena Jackson + + + +Release Date: December 28, 2011 [eBook #38434] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-646-US (US-ASCII) + + +***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE*** + + +E-text prepared by David Edwards and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made available by +Internet Archive (http://www.archive.org) + + + +Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this + file which includes the original illustration. + See 38434-h.htm or 38434-h.zip: + (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38434/38434-h/38434-h.htm) + or + (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/38434/38434-h.zip) + + + Images of the original pages are available through + Internet Archive. See + http://www.archive.org/details/lincolnsuseofbib4038jack + + + + + +LINCOLN'S.USE OF.THE.BIBLE + +S.TREVENA.JACKSON + + +[Illustration: A. Lincoln 1864] + + +LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE + +by + +S. TREVENA JACKSON + + + + + + + +The Abingdon Press +New York Cincinnati + +Copyright, 1909, by +Eaton & Mains. + +Printed December, 1909 +Reprinted February, 1910; October, 1914 + + + + + When quiet in my house I sit, + Thy book be my companion still; + My joy thy sayings to repeat, + Talk o'er the records of thy will, + And search the oracles divine, + Till every heartfelt word be mine. + --_Charles Wesley._ + + The Bible is a book of faith, + A book of doctrine, + And a book of religion, + Of especial revelation from God. + --_Daniel Webster._ + + And weary seekers of the best, + We come back laden from our quest, + To find that all the sages said-- + Is in the Book our mothers read. + --_Whittier._ + + + + +LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE + + "The Bible is the king's best copy, the magistrate's best rule, the + housewife's best guide, the servant's best directory, and the best + companion of youth." + + +In a log cabin at Nolin's Creek, Hardin County, Kentucky, the boy breathed +the first breath of life. Hope's anchor hung on a slender string, if we +are to measure by the child's home surroundings. But his birthplace +possessed a soul; for a home with a good book in it has a soul. This book +was the Bible. It mastered his manners, molded his mind, made mighty his +manhood, and gave to America the matchless man. + +In the Bible he found the truth for the ills of men, the secret for the +solution of life's perplexing problems, the boon for the best beaten +path, the succor for the suffering, the calmest comforts for the dying, +and the faithful friend when foes are near and other friends so far away. + +We shall speak of what others have said concerning Lincoln's use of the +Bible; what he himself said of it; the use he made of it; and the +influence of the Scriptures on his life and literature. + +In Herndon's Life of Lincoln the partner and President is portrayed as a +foe rather than a friend of the Bible. This is seen to be erroneous by +simply reading his speeches, for they are like the dewdrops on the blades +of green in early fall, sparkling everywhere. It is hard to read a great +speech of Lincoln's without seeing the influence of the Bible on his life, +works, and style. + +Sarah K. Bolton writes: "Mrs. Lincoln possessed but one book in the +world, the Bible; and from this she taught her children daily. Abraham had +been to school for two or three months, to such a school as the rude +country afforded, and had learned to read. Of quick mind and retentive +memory, he soon came to know the Bible well-nigh by heart, and to look +upon his gentle teacher as the embodiment of all the good precepts in the +book." + +Lincoln's mother died after a lingering illness when he was ten years old. +It is said that during her sickness he cared for her as tenderly as a +girl, and that he often sat at her side and read the Bible to her for +hours. Much of his later life and style was influenced by his early +reading of the Bible. + +L. E. Chittenden says: "Except the instructions of his mother, the Bible +more powerfully controlled the intellectual development of the son than +all other causes combined. He memorized many of its chapters and had them +perfectly at his command. Early in his professional life he learned that +the most useful of all books to the public speaker was the Bible. After +1857 he seldom made a speech which did not contain quotations from the +Bible." + +Alexander Williamson, who was engaged as tutor in the Lincoln family in +Washington, said: "Mr. Lincoln very frequently studied the Bible with the +aid of Cruden's Concordance, which lay on his table." The Presbyterian +pastor in Springfield, Rev. James Smith, states that Lincoln became a +believer in the Bible and Jesus Christ as the Son of God. It is true that +Mr. Smith placed before Lincoln the arguments for and against the divine +authority of the Scriptures. He looked at it from a lawyer's viewpoint, +and, at the conclusion, declared the argument in favor of divine authority +and inspiration of the Bible unanswerable. + +Mr. Arnold, in his Life of Lincoln, speaking of the Second Inaugural +Address, said: "Since the days of Christ's Sermon on the Mount, where is +the speech of emperor, king, or ruler which can compare with this? May we +not without irreverence say that passages of this address are worthy of +that holy book which he read daily, and from which, during his long days +of trial, he had drawn inspiration and guidance? This paper in its solemn +recognition of the justice of the Almighty God reminds us of the words of +the old Hebrew prophets." + +Bishop Simpson, in his funeral address, said: "Abraham Lincoln was a good +man, a man of noble heart in every way. He read the Bible frequently; he +loved it for its great truths; and he tried to be guided by its precepts. +He believed in Christ as the Saviour of sinners, and I think he was +sincere in trying to bring his life in harmony with the precepts of +revealed religion. I doubt if any President has shown such trust in God, +or in public document so frequently referred to divine aid." + +In the year 1901 President Roosevelt delivered an address before the +American Bible Society on "Reading the Bible," in which he said: "Lincoln, +sad, patient, kindly Lincoln, who, after bearing upon his shoulders for +four years a greater burden than that borne by any other man of the +nineteenth century, laid down his life for the people whom, living, he +had served so well, built up his entire reading upon his study of the +Bible. He had mastered it absolutely, mastered it as later he mastered +only one or two other books, notably Shakespeare, mastered it so that he +became almost a man of one book who knew that book, and who instinctively +put into practice what he had been taught therein; and he left his life as +part of the crowning work of the century just closed." + +Lincoln often spoke and wrote of the value of the Bible. To Joshua F. +Speed, one of his most intimate friends, and at one time his roommate, he +wrote: "I am profitably engaged in reading the Bible. Take all of this +book upon reason that you can, and the balance on faith, and you will live +and die a better man," Mrs. Speed gave Lincoln a Bible, and, after a +visit to that home in 1841, he wrote to the daughter, Mary Speed, and at +the close said: "Tell your mother I have not got her present (an Oxford +Bible) with me, but I intend to read it regularly when I return home. I +doubt not that it is really, as she says, the best cure for the blues, +could one but take it according to truth." + +On July 4, 1842, in writing to his friend Speed of the service he had been +in bringing Joshua and Fanny, his sweetheart, together, he said: "I +believe God made me one of the instruments of bringing you and Fanny +together, which union I have no doubt he had foreordained. Whatever he +designs he will do for me yet. 'Stand still and see the salvation of the +Lord' is my text just now." + +It is stated on good authority that after his election in 1860 he said to +Judge Joseph Gillespie: "I have read on my knees the story of Gethsemane, +where the Son of God prayed in vain that the cup of bitterness might pass +from him. I am in the garden of Gethsemane now, and my cup is running +over." + +Lincoln's reply to a committee of colored people of Baltimore who +presented him with a Bible, September 7, 1864, gives his opinion of the +Bible: "In regard to this great book I have but to say: It is the best +gift God has given to man. All the good Saviour gave to this world was +communicated through this book. But for it we could not know right from +wrong. All things most desirable for man's welfare here and hereafter are +to be found portrayed in it. To you I return my most sincere thanks for +the very elegant copy of the great Book of God which you present." + +At Springfield he addressed the Bible Society and said: "It seems to me +that nothing short of infinite wisdom could by any possibility have +devised and given to man this excellent and perfect moral code. It is +suited to men in all the conditions of life, and inculcates all the duties +they owe to their Creator, to themselves, and to their fellow men." + +In J. G. Holland's Life of Lincoln he gives us the conversation with Mr. +Bateman: "Mr. Bateman, I have carefully read the Bible." Then he drew from +his pocket a New Testament: "These men will know that I am for freedom in +the territories, freedom everywhere as far as the Constitution and laws +will permit, and my opponents are for slavery. They know this, yet, with +this book in their hands, in the light of which human bondage cannot live +a moment, they are going to vote against me. I know there is a God, and +that he hates injustice and slavery. I see the storm coming, and I know +that his hand is in it. If he has a place for me--and I think he has--I +believe I am ready. I am nothing, but truth is everything. I know I am +right, for Christ teaches it, and Christ is God." + +In his Lyceum speech he speaks of the advantage of an education and being +able to read the history of his own and other countries, by which we may +appreciate the value of our free institutions, to say nothing of the +advantages and satisfaction to be derived from all being able to read for +themselves the Scriptures and other works both of a religious and moral +nature. In this same speech he uses this language: "If destruction be our +lot we must ourselves be its author and finisher." Then, speaking of the +Revolution, he desired the history of it to "be read and recounted as long +as the Bible shall be read." + +The night before the President left Springfield for the White House a +friend from Chicago sent him the American flag with these words: "Have not +I commanded thee? Be strong and of a good courage; be not afraid, neither +be thou dismayed: for the Lord thy God is with thee whithersoever thou +goest. There shall not any man be able to stand before thee all the days +of thy life: as I was with Moses, so I will be with thee." + +It has been said by those who pride themselves on having no faith in the +inspiration of the Scriptures that Lincoln held their views. But he +addressed conventions and Sunday-schools, and the Bible was as often +quoted by him as Blackstone. The addresses and letters of Lincoln are +saturated with expressions from the Holy Scriptures. In his reply to +Douglas he gave his speech great force by the words of Christ: "A house +divided against itself cannot stand." In writing to Mr. W. Durley he uses +scriptural terms: "By the fruit the tree is to be known. An evil tree +cannot bring forth good fruit." + +Ann Rutledge gave him a new view of the Bible and Shakespeare. Abraham +Lincoln's is the language of the Bible. He never used the Bible in an +irreverent way. In the Lincoln Museum, Washington, there is a copy of the +Holy Scriptures. It is well worn, and shows the signs of good use. Inside +the cover are these words in his own handwriting: "A. Lincoln, his own +book." + +He wrote a letter to Rev. J. M. Peck in 1848 asking him, "Is the precept, +'Whatsoever ye would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them,' +obsolete, of no force, of no application?" In his description of Niagara +he said: "It calls up the indefinite past when Christ suffered on the +cross, when Moses led Israel through the Red Sea--nay, even when Adam +first came from the hand of his Maker; then, as now, Niagara was roaring +here." + +In writing to John D. Johnston concerning his father's illness, he said: +"I sincerely hope Father will recover his health, but, at all events, tell +him to remember and call upon and confide in our great and good and +merciful Maker. He notes the fall of the sparrow and numbers the hairs of +our heads, and he will not forget the dying man who puts his trust in +him." + +Mr. William S. Speer wrote to Mr. Lincoln asking him to write a letter to +give his definite views on the slavery question. Lincoln replied: "I have +already done this many, many times, and it is in print and open to all who +will read. Those who will not read or heed what I have already publicly +said would not read or heed a repetition of it. 'If they hear not Moses +and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded though one rose from the +dead.'" + +In a letter to Reverdy Johnson he wrote: "I am a patient man, always +willing to forgive on the Christian terms of repentance, and also to give +ample time for repentance." Lincoln wrote to General J. A. McClernand: +"My belief is that the permanent estimate of what a general does in the +field is fixed by the 'cloud of witnesses' who have been with him in the +field." + +Lincoln was ever bringing his knowledge of the Scriptures to the minds of +men. When an aged citizen, John Phillips, had done him honor, he wrote +him: "The example of such devotion to civic duties in one whose days have +been already extended an average lifetime beyond the psalmist's limit +cannot but be valuable and fruitful." + +We find in his speeches and letters the Bible at his tongue's end. In his +reply to Douglas at Alton he said: "He has warred upon them as Satan wars +upon the Bible. The Bible says somewhere we are desperately selfish." And, +writing to J. F. Speed, he writes of those who are so interested in +slavery, and says: "If, like Haman, they should hang upon the gallows of +their own building, I should not be among the mourners for their fate." +Then again he says: "Let us judge not, that we be not judged," Then the +words of the Christ: "Woe unto the world because of offenses! for it must +needs be that offenses come; but woe to that man by whom the offense +cometh!" + +In his temperance speech in 1842 he sees the spirit of temperance like the +conqueror in the Revelation going forth "conquering and to conquer," He +sees the drunkard reclaimed, and, like the man in the gospel, "clothed and +in his right mind"; then, describing the reclaimed, "out of their abundant +hearts their tongues give utterance." Then he speaks of the unpardonable +sin for the drunkard as unknown: "As in Christianity it is taught, 'while +the lamp holds out to burn the vilest sinner may return.'" Then he refers +to the Scriptures and says: "He ever seems to have gone forth like the +Egyptian angel of death, commissioned to slay, if not the first, the +fairest born of every family." Then he takes us over to the prophet: "Come +from the four winds, O breath, and breathe upon these slain, that they may +live." + +He was very fond of a poem called "Adam and Eve's Wedding Song": + + "When Adam was created + He dwelt in Eden's shade. + As Moses has recorded. + And soon a bride was made." + +Some thought that Lincoln was its author, but he said: "I am not the +author. I would give all I am worth, and go in debt, to be able to write +so fine a piece." In speaking of the tariff he said: "In the early days +of our race the Almighty said to the first of our race, 'In the sweat of +thy face shalt thou eat bread.'" + +In 1848, when President Polk sent a message to Congress stating that +Mexico "had shed American blood upon American soil," Lincoln made a long +speech against war with Mexico, and recalled the death of Abel thus: "That +he [President Polk] is deeply conscious of being in the wrong; that he +feels the blood of this war, like the blood of Abel, is crying to heaven +against him." + +In Lincoln's eulogy on Henry Clay he brings the Book of God before the +people: "Pharaoh's country was cursed with plagues and his hosts were lost +in the Red Sea for striving to retain a captive people who had already +served them more than four hundred years. May this disaster never befall +us!" + +His knowledge of the Bible is clearly seen in his debate with Judge +Douglas, for when the latter described man in the garden with evil or good +to choose from Lincoln's reply was: "God did not place good and evil +before man, telling him to take his choice. On the contrary, he did tell +him there was one tree of the fruit of which he should not eat upon pain +of certain death." Later Judge Douglas said that Lincoln had a proneness +for quoting the Scriptures, and Lincoln replied in his Springfield +address, July 17, 1858: "If I should do so now it occurs that he places +himself somewhat upon the ground of the parable of the lost sheep which +went astray upon the mountains, and when the owner of the hundred sheep +found the one that was lost and threw it upon his shoulders, and came home +rejoicing, it was said that there was more rejoicing over the one sheep +that was lost and had been found than over the ninety and nine in the +fold. The application is made by the Saviour in this parable thus: 'Verily +I say unto you, there is more rejoicing in heaven over one sinner that +repenteth than over ninety and nine just persons that need no repentance.' +Repentance before forgiveness is a provision of the Christian system." In +his fragments of a speech he claims "the revelation in the Bible, and his +revelation the Bible." + +Lincoln has before his mind the ideas of the early church when he says: +"'Give to him that is needy' is a Christian rule of charity." In 1859 he +gave a lecture on "Discoveries, Inventions, and Improvements," in which +he gives a description of our first parents: "It was the destined work of +Adam's race to develop by discoveries, inventions, and improvements, and +the first invention of which we have any account is the fig-leaf apron. +Speech was used by our first parents, and even by Adam before the creation +of Eve." + +At Cincinnati he speaks of "the loaves and fishes," and concludes his +speech almost with Bible words: "The good old maxims of the Bible are +applicable, and truly applicable, to human affairs; and in this as in +other things we may say here that he who is not for us is against us; and +he who gathereth not with us scattereth." He concludes his speech in +Kansas in the same year with the same words. + +When the people were anxious to hear and see him on his way to the White +House he was desirous of keeping silence, and often quoted: "Solomon says +there is a time to keep silence." At Philadelphia, in Independence Hall, +he spoke: "All my political welfare has been in favor of the teachings +that come from these sacred walls. May my right hand forget its cunning, +and my tongue cleave to the roof of my mouth, if ever I prove false to +these teachings." + +When Lincoln proclaimed a national fast day he declared that all must be +done in full conviction "that the fear of the Lord is the beginning of +wisdom." + +An old man had come to Lincoln for his son, who was to be shot, and said: +"Mr. Lincoln, my wife sent me to you. We had three boys. They all joined +your army. One of 'em has been killed, one's a-fighting now, and one of +'em, the youngest, has been tried for deserting, and he's going to be shot +day after to-morrow. He never deserted. He's wild and may have drunk too +much and wandered off, but he never deserted. 'Tain't in the blood. He's +his mother's favorite, and if he's shot I know she'll die." General Butler +was telegraphed to to suspend the execution. The old man was afraid to go +home with this message, thinking the President might give a different +order to-morrow. Lincoln said to the old man: "Tell his mother that I +said, 'If your son lives until they get further orders from me, when he +does die people will say that old Methuselah was a baby compared to him.'" + +It is said that the best result which the convention achieved at Cleveland +in 1864, when it nominated Fremont for the presidency and John Cochrane +for the vice-presidency, was that it called forth a bit of wit from the +President. Some one remarked to him that, instead of the expected +thousands, only about four hundred persons were present. He turned to the +Bible which, say Nicolay and Hay, commonly lay on his desk, and read I +Sam. 22. 2: "And every one that was in distress, and every one that was in +debt, and every one that was in bitterness of soul, gathered themselves +unto him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about +four hundred men." + +A primary and intermediate school was so located as to be separated by a +fence from the rear of the White House grounds. The President often +watched the children play. One morning the teacher gave them a lesson in +neatness, and asked each boy to come to school next day with his shoes +blacked. They all obeyed. One of them, John S., a poor one-armed lad, had +used stove polish, the only kind his home afforded. The boys were +merciless in their ridicule. The boy was only nine years old, the son of a +dead soldier, his mother a washerwoman, with three other children to +provide for. The President heard the boys jeering Johnny, and learned the +facts about the boy. + +The next day John S. came to school with a new suit and with new shoes, +and told that the President had called at his home and took him to the +store and bought two suits of clothes for him and clothes for his sisters, +and sent coal and groceries to the house. In addition to this the lad +brought to the teacher a scrap of paper containing a verse of Scripture, +which Mr. Lincoln had requested to have written upon the blackboard: + +"Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of the least of these my brethren, +ye have done it unto me." + +Some weeks after the President visited the school, and the teacher +directed his attention to the verse, which was still there. Mr. Lincoln +read it; then, taking a crayon, said: "Boys, I have another quotation from +the Bible, and I hope you will learn it and come to know its truth as I +have known and felt it." Then below the other verse he wrote: + + "It is more blessed to give than to receive. + + A. LINCOLN." + +The influence of the Bible on the life and literature of Lincoln was +remarkable. It gave to this nation and the world a life of service, and in +that service he placed the most delicate spirit of sincerity, sobriety, +sympathy, and love. In literature he has given to us abiding beauty in its +simplicity and strength of expression. Of his Gettysburg speech the London +Quarterly Review said, substantially, that the oration surpassed every +production of its class known in literature; that only the oration of +Pericles over the victories of the Peloponnesian War could be compared to +it, and that was put into his mouth by the historian Thucydides. Mr. +Sumner said it was the most finished piece of oratory he had ever seen. +Every word was appropriate. None could be omitted and none added and none +changed. + +Professor Albert S. Cook, teacher of English Language and Literature in +Yale, in his book, The Bible and English Prose Style, seeking to show the +influence of the Bible on the style of great writers, says: "But the +matter is beyond dispute when we come to a piece of classic prose like +Lincoln's Second Inaugural, which certainly owes nothing to the Romans of +the Decadence." Then this sample of the Bible style is given: "'Neither +party expected the magnitude or the duration which it has already +attained. Neither anticipated that the cause of the conflict might cease +with, or even before the conflict itself should cease. Each looked for an +easier triumph, and a result less fundamental and astounding. Both read +the same Bible and prayed to the same God, and each invoked his aid +against the other. It may seem strange that any men should dare to ask a +just God's assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other +men's faces; but let us judge not, that we be not judged. The prayers of +both could not be answered. That of neither has been fully. The Almighty +has his own purposes!' + +"At this point we may pause, for we need no further demonstration of the +indebtedness of English prose style to the Bible, nor would it be easy to +discover a better illustration of biblical qualities in modern guise +exemplified in a passage of more interest to all the world. South +recognized it as a mark of illiteracy to be fond of high-flown metaphors +and allegories, attended and set off with scraps of Greek and Latin. If +this be true, the American people so far escape the imputation as they +have set their seal of approval on such writings as Lincoln's; and that +they have had judgment and taste to do so is due, more than to any other +cause, to their familiarity with the Bible." + +The spirit life of the Bible was built into Lincoln's boyhood, expanded in +his young manhood, ripened in his middle age, sustained him when sorrows +seared his soul, and gave to him a grip upon God, man, freedom, and +immortality. The influence of the Bible upon him gave him reverence for +God and his will; for Christianity and its Christ; for the Holy Spirit and +its help; for prayer and its power; for praise and its purpose; for the +immortal impulse and its inspiration. + +Truly might Henry Watterson ask: "Where did Shakespeare get his genius? +Where did Mozart get his music? Whose hand smote the lyre of the Scottish +plowman, and stayed the life of the German priest? God, God, and God +alone, and surely as these were raised up by God, so was Abraham Lincoln." + + + +***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LINCOLN'S USE OF THE BIBLE*** + + +******* This file should be named 38434.txt or 38434.zip ******* + + +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: +http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/3/8/4/3/38434 + + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules, +set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to +copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to +protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project +Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you +charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you +do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the +rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose +such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and +research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do +practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is +subject to the trademark license, especially commercial +redistribution. + + + +*** START: FULL LICENSE *** + +THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE +PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK + +To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free +distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work +(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project +Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project +Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at +http://www.gutenberg.org/license). + + +Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic works + +1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to +and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property +(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all +the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy +all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession. +If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the +terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or +entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8. + +1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be +used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who +agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few +things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works +even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See +paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement +and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. See paragraph 1.E below. + +1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation" +or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the +collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an +individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are +located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from +copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative +works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg +are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project +Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by +freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of +this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with +the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by +keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project +Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others. + +1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern +what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in +a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check +the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement +before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or +creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project +Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning +the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United +States. + +1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg: + +1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate +access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently +whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the +phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project +Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, +copied or distributed: + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + +1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived +from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is +posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied +and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees +or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work +with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the +work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 +through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the +Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or +1.E.9. + +1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted +with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution +must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional +terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked +to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the +permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work. + +1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this +work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm. + +1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this +electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without +prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with +active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project +Gutenberg-tm License. + +1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary, +compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any +word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or +distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than +"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version +posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org), +you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a +copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon +request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other +form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm +License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1. + +1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying, +performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works +unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9. + +1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing +access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided +that + +- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from + the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method + you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is + owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he + has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the + Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments + must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you + prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax + returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and + sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the + address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to + the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation." + +- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies + you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he + does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm + License. You must require such a user to return or + destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium + and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of + Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any + money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the + electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days + of receipt of the work. + +- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free + distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works. + +1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm +electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set +forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from +both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael +Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the +Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below. + +1.F. + +1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable +effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread +public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm +collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain +"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or +corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual +property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a +computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by +your equipment. + +1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right +of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project +Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project +Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all +liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal +fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT +LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE +PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE +TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE +LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR +INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH +DAMAGE. + +1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a +defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can +receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a +written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you +received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with +your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with +the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a +refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity +providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to +receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy +is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further +opportunities to fix the problem. + +1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth +in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO OTHER +WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO +WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE. + +1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied +warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages. +If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the +law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be +interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by +the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any +provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions. + +1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the +trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone +providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance +with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production, +promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works, +harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees, +that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do +or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm +work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any +Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause. + + +Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm + +Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of +electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers +including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists +because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from +people in all walks of life. + +Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the +assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's +goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will +remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project +Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure +and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations. +To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation +and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4 +and the Foundation web page at http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf. + + +Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive +Foundation + +The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit +501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the +state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal +Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification +number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent +permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws. + +The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S. +Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered +throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at +809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email +business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact +information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official +page at http://www.gutenberg.org/about/contact + +For additional contact information: + Dr. Gregory B. Newby + Chief Executive and Director + gbnewby@pglaf.org + +Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg +Literary Archive Foundation + +Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide +spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of +increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be +freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest +array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations +($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt +status with the IRS. + +The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating +charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United +States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a +considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up +with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations +where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To +SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any +particular state visit http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + +While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we +have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition +against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who +approach us with offers to donate. + +International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make +any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from +outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff. + +Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation +methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other +ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. +To donate, please visit: +http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate + + +Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic +works. + +Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm +concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared +with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project +Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support. + +Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed +editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S. +unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily +keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. + +Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: + + http://www.gutenberg.org + +This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, +including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary +Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to +subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. + diff --git a/38434.zip b/38434.zip Binary files differnew file mode 100644 index 0000000..5f77c7f --- /dev/null +++ b/38434.zip diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..210087b --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #38434 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/38434) |
