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diff --git a/38337.txt b/38337.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..323d294 --- /dev/null +++ b/38337.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2593 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 93, +August 9, 1851, by Various + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 93, August 9, 1851 + A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, + Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc. + +Author: Various + +Editor: George Bell + +Release Date: December 19, 2011 [EBook #38337] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, AUGUST 9, 1851 *** + + + + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) + + + + + +[Transcriber's note: Original spelling varieties have not been +standardized. Characters with macrons have been marked in brackets with +an equal sign, as [=e] for a letter e with a macron on top. Underscores +have been used to indicate _italic_ fonts. A list of volumes and pages +in "Notes and Queries" has been added at the end.] + + + + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION + +FOR + +LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + +Vol IV.--No. 93. Saturday, August 9. 1851. + +Price Threepence. Stamped Edition, 4_d._ + + + + +CONTENTS. + + Page + + + NOTES:-- + + Lady Hopton 97 + + Notes on Newspapers--The Times, by H. M. Bealby 98 + + Folk Lore: Devonshire Superstitions 98 + + Minor Notes:--Curious Inscription--Glass in Windows + formerly not a Fixture--D'Israeli: Pope and Goldsmith 99 + + QUERIES:-- + + On a Song in Scott's Pirate--"Fire on the Maintop" 99 + + Minor Queries:--Was Milton an Anglo-Saxon Scholar?--Tale + of a Tub--Cleopatra's Needle--Pair of Curols--Cowper + Law--Order of Greenwich--House of Yvery--Entomological + Query--Spenser's Portraits--Borrow's Bible in + Spain--Dogmatism and Puppyism--A Saxon Bell-house 100 + + MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Cycle of the Moon--Cocker's + Arithmetic--Sanskrit Elementary Books--Townley MSS., + &c.--"Man is born to trouble," &c. 102 + + REPLIES:-- + + Bellarmin's Monstrous Paradox 103 + + The Gookins of Kent, by Edward Armstrong 103 + + Curious Monumental Inscription, by S. W. Singer 105 + + The late Mr. William Hone, by Douglas Allport 105 + + Plaids and Tartans 107 + + The Caxton Memorial, by Bolton Corney 107 + + Lady Flora Hastings' Bequest, by the Marchioness of Bute 108 + + Replies to Minor Queries:--Inscription on an old + Board--Churches decorated at Christmas--Royal Library + --Proof a Sword--Dr. Young's "Narcissa"--Circulation + of the Blood--Dr. Elrington's Edition of Ussher--Was Stella + Swift's Sister?--The Mistletoe--Family of Kyme--The Leman + Baronetcy--Cure for Ague 109 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 111 + + Notices to Correspondents 111 + + Advertisements 112 + + + + +Notes. + + +LADY HOPTON. + +I have thought that the following old letter, relative to a family once +of some distinction, and especially as describing a very remarkable +individual, from whom a multitude of living persons are immediately +descended, might be of sufficient interest to occupy a place in "NOTES +AND QUERIES." It has never, that I am aware of, been published; but it +has long been preserved, amongst similar papers, with the accompanying +endorsement:--"Though Mr. Ernle's letter relating to Lady Hopton and her +family contains some fabulous accounts, and is in some parts a little +unintelligible, yet it may be urged in confirmation of the truth of the +several descents therein mentioned. He was the son of Sir John Ernle, +and could not but have some general knowledge of his grandmother's +relations." + +This Mr. Ernle, afterwards knighted, died A.D. 1686. + +Sir Arthur Hopton lived at Witham Friary, co. Somerset, and the heroine +of this document was, according to the pedigree in Sir R. C. Hoare's +_Monastic Remains of Witham_, &c., Rachel, daughter of Edmund Hall of +Gretford, co. Lincoln, Esq. The date of Sir Arthur's death is not there +given, but he was made a K.B. in 1603. + + C. W. B. + + "I will give you as good an account as I can remember of our wise + & good Grandmother Hopton, who I think was one Hall's daughter of + Devonshire without title, & had an elder brother, without child, + who said to his younger brother's wife, who was then with child, + if she would come to his house, & lie in, he would give his estate + to it if a daughter, & if a son it should fare never the worse: so + she had my grandmother, & he bred her up & married her to Sir + Arthur Hopton of Somerset: who had 4000 a year, & she as much. + + "By him she had 18 children; 10 daughters married; whose names + were: Lady Bacon, Lady Smith, Lady Morton, Lady Bannister, & Lady + Fettiplace; Bingham, Baskett, Cole, Thomas, & my Grandmother + Ernle; these daughters & their children have made a numerous + company of relations. The duke of Richmond & Lord Maynard married + our Aunt Bannister's daughters & heirs (one to Rogers, the other + to Bannister).[1] Fettiplace, which was also Lord Jones, his + daughter & heiress married Lord Lumley, now Scarbro. + + [Footnote 1: ("The Lady Bannister's first husband was Mr. Rogers, + of Brenson (_hodie_ Bryanston) near Blandford, in Dorsetshire: by + him she had the Dutchess of Richmond, who was heiress to him: she + had another daughter of Sir Robt. Bannister, who married Lord + Mainard."--_Added in another Version._)] + + "Cole's heir to Popham of Wilts: & Hungerford, & Warnford married + Jones, & some Mackworth, & Wyndham in Wales; some Morgan, & + Cammish, & Kern, with many others that I have forgot. The sons + were Mr Robt Hopton, Sir Thomas, Sir Arthur. Robt had one son, + w'ch was the Lord Hopton of great worth, who married the Lord + Lewen's widow, and had no child: so the estate went to the + daughters. But our Grandfather Hopton, having so good an estate, + thought he might live as high as he pleased, & not run out: but + one day he was going from home but c'd not, but told his Lady she + w'd be left in great trouble, for the great debts he had made on + his estate; & that he knew he should live but few days, & c'd not + die in peace, to think what affliction he should leave her in: so + she desired him to be no way concerned for his debts, for he owed + not a penny to any one. So he died of a gangrene in his toe in a + few days. Now she had set up an Iron-work, & paid all he owed, + unknown to him. And she married all her daughters to great + estates, & great families: her eldest, I think, to one Smith, who + was a younger son, & went factor to a merchant into Spain; he had + a very severe master & was very melancholy & walked one morning in + Spain intending to go & sell himself a galley-slave to the Turks: + but an old man met him, & asked him why he was so melancholy; bid + him cheer up himself, & not go about what he intended, for his + elder brother was dead, letters were coming to him to return home + to his estate; bid him consider & believe what he said, & that + when he went for England, the first house he entered, after this + landing, he would marry the gentleman's eldest daughter: which he + did. The Lady Hopton's way of living was very great: she had 100 + in her family; all sorts of trades; and when good servants married + she kept the families, & bred them up to several trades. She rose + at six of the Clock herself: went to the Iron-work, & came in + about 9; went with all her family to prayers, & after dinner she & + her children & grand-children went to their several works with her + in the dining-room, where she spun the finest sheets that are. + Every year she had all her children & grandchildren met together + at her house; & before they went away, would know if any little or + great animosities were between any of them; if so, she would never + let them go, till they were reconciled." + + +NOTES ON NEWSPAPERS--THE TIMES. + +There were sold of _The Times_ of Tuesday, Feb. 10th, 1840, containing +an account of the Royal nuptials, 30,000 copies, and the following +curious calculations were afterwards made respecting this publication. +The length of a column of _The Times_ is twenty-two inches. If every +copy of _The Times_ then printed could be cut into forty-eight single +columns, and if those forty-eight columns were tacked to each other, +they would extend 494 miles and 1,593 yards. To give some idea of the +extent of that distance, it may be sufficient to say that one of the +wheels of the mail which runs from Falmouth to London, and again from +London to Easingwold, a small town twelve miles beyond York, might run +all the way on the letter-press so printed, except the last 167 yards. +The same extent of letter-press would reach from London to Paris, and +back again from Paris to Canterbury, and a little further. The 30,000 +papers, if opened out and joined together, would cover a length of +twenty-two miles and 1,280 yards; or, in other words, would reach from +_The Times_ office, in Printing-house Square, to the entrance hall in +Windsor Castle, leaving a few yards for stair carpets. It is recorded +that 20,000 copies were in the hands of the newsmen at eight o'clock in +the morning. Since 1840, the circulation of _The Times_ has greatly +increased; and what was then deemed wonderful on an extraordinary +occasion, is now exceeded daily by 8,000 copies--the present daily +circulation being about 38,000 copies, which are worked by greatly +improved machinery at the rate of between 8,000 to 10,000 per hour. On +the 2nd of last May, _The Times_ containing an account of the opening of +the Great Exhibition by the Queen, circulated to the enormous number of +52,000 copies, the largest number ever known of one daily newspaper +publication. Nothing can illustrate more forcibly than these statements +the great utility of the machinery employed in multiplying with so +miraculous a rapidity such an immense number of copies. When we look at +the great talent--the extensive arrangement--the vast amount of +information on a variety of topics--the immense circulation--the +rapidity with which it is thrown off, and the correctness of the details +of _The Times_ paper--we are constrained to pronounce it the most +marvellous political journal the world has ever seen. What would our +forefathers have said to this wonderful broadsheet, which conveys +information of the world's movements to the teeming population of the +United Kingdom, and also to the people of other and distant climes. + + H. M. BEALBY. + + North Brixton. + + +FOLK LORE. + +_Devonshire Superstitions._--Days of the week: + + "Born on a Sunday, a gentleman; + Monday, fair in face; + Tuesday, full of grace; + Wednesday, sour and grum; + Thursday, welcome home; + Friday, free in giving; + Saturday, work hard for your living." + +Tuesday and Wednesday are lucky days. + +Thursday has one lucky hour, viz. the hour before the sun rises. + +Friday is unlucky. + +It is very unlucky to turn a featherbed on a Sunday; my housemaid says +she would not turn my bed on a Sunday on any account. + + "To sneeze on Monday hastens anger, + Tuesday, kiss a stranger, + Wednesday. + Thursday. + + "To sneeze on Friday, give a gift. + Saturday, receive a gift. + Sunday, before you break your fast, + You'll see your true love before a week's past." + +My informant cannot recollect the consequences of sneezing on Wednesday +and Thursday. + + "Sneeze on Sunday morning fasting, + You'll enjoy your own true love to everlasting." + +If you sneeze on a Saturday night after the candle is lighted, you will +next week see a stranger you never saw before. + +A new moon seen over the right shoulder is lucky, over the left shoulder +unlucky, and straight before prognosticates good luck to the end of the +moon. + +Hair and nails should always be cut during the waning of the moon. + +Whatever you think of when you see a star shooting, you are sure to +have. + +When you first see the new moon in the new year, take your stocking off +from one foot, and run to the next style; when you get there, between +the great toe and the next, you will find a hair, which will be the +colour of your lover's. + +When you first see the new moon after mid-summer, go to a stile, turn +your back to it, and say,-- + + "All hail, new moon, all hail to thee! + I prithee good moon, reveal to me + This night who shall my true love be: + Who he is, and what he wears, + And what he does all months and years." + +_To see a Lover in a Dream._--Pluck yarrow from a young man's grave, +saying as you do so-- + + "Yarrow, sweet yarrow, the first that I have found, + And in the name of Jesus I pluck it from the ground. + As Joseph loved sweet Mary, and took her for his dear, + So in a dream this night, I hope my true love will appear." + +Sleep with the yarrow under the pillow. + + J. M. (4) + + * * * * * + +Some time ago I was in the neighbourhood of Camelford (a small town in +Cornwall), and inquiring the name of a church I saw in the distance, was +told that its name was _Advent_, though it was generally called _Saint +Teen_. Now _Teen_ in Cornish = to light. Can this name have been applied +from any peculiar ceremonies observed here during Advent? + + J. M. (4) + + +Minor Notes. + +_Curious Inscription._--I obtained the following inscription from a +person in the country, and you wish to make a "note" of it, it is +perfectly at your service. The arrangement of the letters is curious. + + "_Bene._ + At. ht Hiss to + Ne LI esca Theri + Neg ---- Ray. C. Hanged. + F ..... Roma bvs. y. L. + if et oli .... Fele SS. C. + la. YB: year than. D.C. + La Ys ---- he Go ..... th + Erp ---- E. L F bvtn + ows H e'st + Urn E D T odv Sth + E R + Se ==== Lf. + + "An old Record. + J. H. W...... + Birch Hill, May, 1844." + + R. H. + +_Glass in Windows formerly not a Fixture._--In Brooke's _Abridgement_, +tit. "Chatteles," it appears that in the 21st Hen. VII., A.D. 1505, it +was held that though the frame-work of the windows belonged to the heir, +the _glass_ was the property of the executors, and might therefore be +removed by them, "_quar le meason est perfite sauns le glasse_." In A.D. +1599 Lord Coke informs us it was in the Common Pleas "resolved _per +totam curiam_, that glass annexed to windows by nails, or in any other +manner, could not be removed; for without glass it is no perfect house." + + J. O. M. + +_D'Israeli: Pope and Goldsmith._--Mr. D'Israeli congratulates himself +with much satisfaction, in his _Essay on the Literary Character_, both +in his Preface, p. xxix., and in the text, p. 187. vol. i., in having +written _this_ immortal sentence: + + "The defects of great men are the consolation of the dunces." + +--more particularly as it appears Lord Byron had "deeply _underscored_ +it." Perhaps he was unaware that Pope, in a letter to Swift, Feb. 16, +1733, had said: + + "A few loose things sometimes fall from men of wit by which + _censorious fools_ judge as ill of them as they possibly can, for + _their own comfort_." + +And that Goldsmith says: + + "The folly of others is ever most ridiculous to those who are + themselves most foolish."--_Citizen of the World._ + + JAMES CORNISH. + + + + +Queries. + + +ON A SONG IN SCOTT'S PIRATE--"FIRE ON THE MAINTOP." + +In the 231st number of that excellent New York periodical, _The Literary +World_, published on the 5th of July, there is an article on "Steamboats +and Steamboating in the South West," in which I find the following +passage:-- + + "I mentioned the _refrain_ of the firemen. Now as a particular one + is almost invariably sung by Negroes when they have anything to do + with or about a fire; whether it be while working at a New Orleans + fire-engine, or crowding wood into the furnaces of a steamboat; + whether they desire to make an extra racket at leaving, or evince + their joy at returning to a port, it may be worth recording; and + here it is: + + "'Fire on the quarter-deck, + Fire on the bow, + Fire on the gun-deck, + Fire down below!' + + "The last line is given by all hands with great vim (_sic_) and + volume; and as for the chorus itself, you will never meet or pass + a boat, you will never behold the departure or arrival of one, and + you will never witness a New Orleans fire, without hearing it." + +The writer says nothing about the origin of this Negro melody, and +therefore he is, I presume, unaware of it. But many of your readers will +at once recognise the spirited lines, which when once they are read in +Walter Scott's _Pirate_, have somehow a strange pertinacity in ringing +in one's ears, and creep into a nook of the memory, from which they ever +and anon insist on emerging to the lips. The passage occurs at the end +of the fifth chapter of the third volume, where the pirates recapture +their runaway captain:-- + + "They gained their boat in safety, and jumped into it, carrying + along with them Cleveland, to whom circumstances seemed to offer + no other refuge, and pushed off for their vessel, singing in + chorus to their oars an _old ditty_, of which the natives of + Kirkwall could only hear the first stanza: + + "'Thus said the Rover + To his gallant crew, + Up with the black flag, + Down with the blue! + Fire on the main-top, + Fire on the bow, + Fire on the gun-deck, + Fire down below!'" + +So run the lines in the original edition, but in the revised one of the +collected novels in forty-eight volumes, and in all the subsequent ones, +the first two stand thus: + + "Robin Rover + Said to his crew." + +This alteration strikes one as anything but an improvement, and it has +suggested a doubt, which I beg to apply to the numerous and +well-informed body of your readers to solve. Are these lines the +production of Walter Scott, as they are generally supposed to be; or are +they really the fragment of an old ditty? The alteration at the +commencement does not seem one that would have found favour in the eyes +of an author, but rather the effect of a prompting of memory. I believe, +indeed, the lines are inserted in the volume called _The Poetry of the +Author of the Waverley Novels_ (which I saw some years ago, but cannot +refer to at this moment), but that is not decisive. + +There is a case in point, which is worth quoting on its own account. In +_Peveril of the Peak_, in the celebrated scene of the interview between +Buckingham and Fenella, where Fenella leaps from the window, and +Buckingham hesitates to follow, there is this passage: + + "From a neighbouring thicket of shrubs, amongst which his visitor + had disappeared, he heard her chant a verse of a comic song, then + much in fashion, concerning a despairing lover who had recourse to + a precipice. + + "'But when he came near, + Beholding how steep + The sides did appear, + And the bottom how deep; + Though his suit was rejected + He sadly reflected, + That a lover forsaken + A new love may get; + But a neck that's once broken + Can never be set.'" + +This verse, also, if I mistake not, appears in _The Poetry of the Author +of Waverley_, and is certainly set down by almost every reader as the +production of Sir Walter. But in the sixth volume of Anderson's _Poets +of Great Britain_, at page 574. in the works of Walsh, occurs a song +called "The Despairing Lover," in which we are told that-- + + "Distracted with care + For Phyllis the fair, + Since nothing could move her, + Poor Damon, her lover, + Resolves in despair + No longer to languish, + Nor bear so much anguish; + But, mad with his love, + To a precipice goes, + Where a leap from above + Would soon finish his woes. + + "When in rage he came there, + Beholding how steep + The sides did appear, + And the bottom how deep, + His torments projecting, + And sadly reflecting + That a lover forsaken," + &c. &c. &c. + +In this instance it is shown that Sir Walter was not indebted for the +comic song to his wonderful genius, but to his stupendous memory; and it +is just possible that it may be so in the other, in which case one would +be very glad to see the remainder of the "old ditty." + + T. W. + + +Minor Queries. + +56. _Was Milton an Anglo-Saxon Scholar?_--I have long been very curious +to know whether Milton was an Anglo-Saxon scholar. He compiled a +history of the Saxon period: had he the power of access to the original +sources? Is there any ground for supposing that he had read our Saxon +_Paradise Lost_; I mean the immortal poetry of Caedmon? If he really knew +nothing of this ancient relic, then it may well be said, that the poems +of Caedmon and of Milton afford the most striking known example of +coincident poetic imagination. + +I should be extremely obliged to any of your learned correspondents who +would bring the faintest ray of evidence to bear upon this obscure +question. + +The similarity of the two poems has been noticed long ago, _e.g._ by Sir +F. Palgrave in _The Archaeologia_, xxiv. I know not whether he was the +first; I think Conybeare was beforehand with him. + + J. E. + + Oxford, Aug. 2. 1851. + +57. _Tale of a Tub._--What is the origin of this popular phrase? It +dates anterior to the time of Sir Thomas More, an anecdote in whose +chancellorship thus illustrates it. An attorney in his court, named +Tubb, gave an account in court of a cause in which he was concerned, +which the Chancellor (who, with all his gentleness, loved a joke) +thought so rambling and incoherent, that he said at the end of Tubb's +speech, "This is _a tale of a Tubb_;" plainly showing that the phrase +was then familiarly known. + + EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +58. _Cleopatra's Needle._--When was the obelisk in Egypt first so +called? Why was it so called? What is the most popular work on Egypt for +a full description of it? + + J. B. J. + + Liverpool, July 28. 1851. + +59. _Pair of Curols._--In a list of the rating of the incumbents of the +diocese of Ely, A. D. 1609, towards the support of the army, preserved +by Cole, several are returned for "a pair of curols." + + "Mr. Denham for his vicarage of Cherry Hinton to find (jointly + with the Vicar of Impington and Caldecote) _a pair of Curols_ with + a pike furnished." + +What is the meaning of the word "Curol," supposing Cole to have used it +aright? + + E. V. + +60. _Cowper Law._--Lord Mahon, in his _History of England_, second edit. +vol. ii. p. 66., in speaking of the death of the first Earl Cowper, +after saying "His memory deserves high respect," &c., adds, "And though +it seems that a by-word was current of 'Cowper law, to hang a man first +and then judge him,' I believe that it proceeded from party resentment, +rather than from any real fault;" and in a note refers to the evidence +at Lord Wintoun's trial. Is not Lord Mahon mistaken in supposing that +this saying refers to Lord Cowper? Should it not be "Cupar Law," meaning +the town of that name? I see in Lord Wintoun's trial, where his lordship +uses the expression, he adds, "as we used to say in our country." If my +supposition is correct, can any of your correspondents say how the +proverb arose? + + C. DE D. + +61. _Order of Greenwich._--I have an impression of an oval +ecclesiastical seal, the matrix of which is said to have been found near +Kilkenny. The device is the Ascension of the Virgin, beneath which is a +shield charged with the royal arms; the _three_ fleur de lis in the +first and fourth quarterings showing the seal to be, comparatively +speaking, modern. The legend, in Lombardic capitals, runs as +follows:--"+ SGILLVM + G[=A]RDI[=A]NI + GR[=V]WVC[=E]SIS +." Query, Does +"GR[=V]WVC[=E]SIS" mean "of Greenwich?" + +In the _State Papers_, temp. Hen. VIII., vol. iii. p. 285., an abbey in +Ireland is said to be of the "order of Greenewich." Query, What order +was this? + + JAMES GRAVES. + + Kilkenny, July 19. 1851. + +62. _House of Yvery._--This work is rarely to be met with in a perfect +state; but there is one plate about which there exists a doubt, viz. a +folding plate or map of the estates of John Perceval, Earl of Egmont. + +It would be satisfactory perhaps to many of the readers of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," as well as to myself, to know whether any gentleman possesses +a copy of the work with such a plan. + + H. T. E. + + Clyst St. George. + +63. _Entomological Query._--Can any of your botanical or entomological +correspondents help me to the name of the grub that is apt to become a +chrysalis on the _Linaria minor_ (_Antirrhinum minus_ of Linnaeus)? For +yesterday, in a chalky field in Berkshire, I found several cocoons of +one particular kind on the above plant (itself not common in these +parts), and I did not see it on any other plant in the field, although I +spent some time in looking about. + + J. E. + + Oxford, July 29. + +64. _Spenser's Portraits_ (Vol. iv., p. 74.).--VARRO states he is "well +acquainted with an _admirable portrait_ of the poet, bearing date 1593." +Perhaps he could give a satisfactory answer to a Query relative to the +engraved portraits of Spenser which appeared in one of the numbers of +"NOTES AND QUERIES" for last April, and which was not been yet answered. + + E. M. B. + +65. _Borrow's Bible in Spain._--In the _Athenaeum_ for Aug. 17, 1850, in +a review of Wallis's _Glimpses of Spain_, I find the following remark:-- + + "Mr. Wallis imputes a want of judgment and of 'earnest desire' for + the objects of his mission to Mr. Borrow _personally_, on the + ground that he--being, as all know, sent out by the Bible Society + to circulate the Protestant Scriptures--did not, instead of + attempting to fulfil that special object of his mission, employ + himself in diffusing the Roman Catholic version of the Vulgate + set forth by the Spanish hierarchy." + +It is well known that the Bible Society keeps on its shelves both the +Protestant and Roman Catholic versions of French, Italian, Portuguese, +and Spanish. Its endeavours at present are, I believe, confined to +attempting to circulate the Roman Catholic versions, on the ground that +it is impossible to circulate the more correct Protestant ones. My +Queries are:-- + +1. Was Mr. Borrow sent out by the Bible Society to circulate the +Protestant Scriptures? + +2. Whose translation of the Vulgate was set forth by the Spanish +hierarchy? + + E. M. B. + +66. _Dogmatism and Puppyism._-- + + "Dogmatism is nothing but puppyism come to its full growth." + +I find this quotation in a leader of _The Times_. Can you or any of your +readers inform me of its origin? + + [?] + +67. _A Saxon Bell-house._--A reader of "NOTES AND QUERIES," who +subscribes himself A LOVER OF BELLS, has kindly referred me to a passage +in Hume's _History of England_, in which it is said that, according to a +statute of Athelstan, "a ceorle or husbandman who had been able to +purchase five hides of land, and had a chapel, a kitchen, a hall, and a +_bell_," was raised to the rank of a Thane. The marginal reference in +Hume is to Selden's _Titles of Honor_; and in that work the statue is +then given: + + "If a churle or a countryman so thrived that hee had fully five + hides of his owne land, a church, and a kitchen, a bel-house, a + borough-gate with a seate, and any distinct office in the king's + court, then was he henceforth of equall honour or dignitie with a + Thane." + +Selden considers that the _bel-house_ was the dining-hall to which the +guests and family were summoned by the ringing of a bell. He thinks the +word corresponds with _tinello_, _tinelo_, and _tinel_, the Italian, +Spanish, and French words for a "public hall" or "dining-room,"--"so +named, because the _tin_ or tingling of a bell at the times of dinner or +supper in it were signified by it." + +I beg to ask whether the existing knowledge of the details of Saxon +architecture substantiates Selden's view; and whether this bell was also +the alarum-bell of the castle, hanging in an outside turret? + +Many thanks to my correspondent, and to "NOTES AND QUERIES" for the +introduction to his notice. + + ALFRED GATTY. + + +Minor Queries Answered. + +_Cycle of the Moon._--Can any of your correspondents inform me in what +year the new moon last fell on the _1st of January_? I am no astronomer, +but I believe the moon's cycles is a period of _nineteen years_, and +that whenever the new moon falls on the 1st January, the cycle begins. + + BENBOW. + + Birmingham. + + [The above matter is made the more puzzling to all who are not + astronomers, by the pertinacity with which popular writers persist + in speaking of the moon's motions as if they were regular. + + There is no particular beginning to the cycle of nineteen years: + anybody may make it begin when he pleases. What it means is this: + that in any set of nineteen years, the new and full moons + generally (not always) fall on the same days as in the preceding + nineteen years. For instance, in 1831, the 14th of March was a day + of new moon: go on nineteen years, that is, to the 14th of March, + 1850; most probably, not certainly, this must be a day of new + moon. It happens, however, otherwise; for in 1850 the new moon is + on the 13th. But in the Aprils of both years, the new moons are on + the 12th; in the Junes, on the 10th. All that can be said is, that + where any day of any year is new moon, most probably _that day + nineteen years_ is new moon also, and certainly either the day + before or the day after. In that cycle of nineteen years, which is + called the cycle of the _golden number_, there is an arbitrary + beginning, which has something to do with the new moon falling + _near_ the 1st of January. The cycle in which we now are, began + (that is, had the year marked 1) in 1843. + + To find the last time when the new moon fell on the 1st of January + with certainty, would be no easy problem for any but an + astronomer. The nearest which our correspondent can do is this. + Take Mr. De Morgan's recently published _Book of Almanacs_, and + turn to almanac 37. Take the day in question (Jan. 1), and from + the first of the Roman numbers written opposite (xxx.) subtract + one (xxix.). Look back into the new style index (p. 7.), then any + one year which has the epact 29 is very likely to have the new + moon on the 1st of January; epact 30 may also have it. Now, on + looking, we find that we are not in that period of the world's + existence at which epact 29 makes its appearance; no such thing + has occurred since 1699, nor will occur until 1900. We are then in + a period in which new moons on the 1st of January are + comparatively infrequent. Our best chance is when the epact is 30, + as in 1843: here there is a narrow miss of what we want, for it + was new moon on the day previous, as late as seven in the evening. + + Our correspondent's notion that the moon's cycle begins with a new + moon on the 1st of January, is probably derived from this, that + the calendar is so contrived that for a very long period the years + which have 1 for their golden number, have a new moon _near_ the + 1st of January, either on it, or within a day of it.] + +_Cocker's Arithmetic._--At a sale of books by Messrs. Puttick and +Simpson, a copy of Cocker's _Arithmetic_ was sold for 8_l._ 10_s._, date +1678, said to be one of the only two extant. It is stated Dr. Dibdin had +never seen any edition printed in the seventeenth century, and mentions +the thirty-second as the earliest he had met with. I have in my +possession a copy bearing date 1694, seeming to be one of a further +impression of the first edition, as it gives no edition, but simply has +in the title page: + + "This impression is corrected and amended with many additions + throughout the whole." + + "London: Printed by J. R. for T. P., and are to be sold by John + Back, at the Black Boy on London Bridge, 1694." + +Perhaps you can give me some information on the edition, if you think it +a fit subject for your valuable publication. + + E. K. JUTT. + + Frome, Somerset. + + [Mr. De Morgan, in his _Arithmetical Books_, says that the + earliest edition he ever possessed is that of 1685: and what + edition was not stated. The fourth edition was of 1682, the + twentieth of 1700. The matters cited by our correspondent, which + we have omitted, are in all, or nearly all, editions. We have + heard of _three_ copies of the _first_ edition: one sold in Mr. + Halliwell's sale, one in the library of the Roman Catholic College + at Oscott, and one sold by Puttick and Simpson, as above, in April + last: but we cannot say that these are three _different_ copies, + though we suspect it. Our correspondent's edition is not mentioned + by any one. The _fifty-second_ edition, by Geo. Fisher, appeared + in 1748, according to the Catalogue of the Philosophical Society + of Newcastle.] + +_Sanskrit Elementary Books._--Will some one of your correspondents +kindly inform me what are the elementary works necessary for gaining a +knowledge of Sanskrit? + + DELTA. + + [Wilson's _Sanskrit Grammar_ (the 2nd edition), and the + _Hitopadesa_, edited by Johnson, are the best elementary works.] + +_Townley MSS., &c._--I request the favour to be informed where are the +Townley MSS.? They are quoted by Sir H. Nicolas in Scrope and Grosvenor +Rolls. Also where are the MSS. formerly _penes_ Earl of Egmont, often +quoted in the _History of the House of Yvery_? And a folio of Pedigrees +by Camden Russet? + + S. S. + + [The Townley Heraldic Collections are in the British Museum, among + the Additional MSS., Nos. 14,829-14,832. 14,834. In the same + collection, No. 6,226. p. 100., are Bishop Clayton's _Letters to + Sir John Perceval, first Earl of Egmont_.] + +_"Man is born to trouble," &c._--In an edition of _The Holy Bible, with_ +TWENTY THOUSAND EMENDATIONS: London, 1841, I read as follows, at Job v. +7.: "For man is NOT born to trouble as the sparks fly upwards." Query 1. +Is there any authority from MSS., &c. for the insertion of the word +"not"? 2. Is this insertion occasioned by the oversight of the printer +or of the editor? + + N. + + [There is no authority for the insertion of the word "not," that + we can find, either in MSS. or commentators. As to the oversight + of the printer or editor we cannot speak; but are rather inclined + to attribute that and other emendations to the second-sight of one + of the parties concerned. Our correspondent will find Dr. + Conquest's _emandated Bible_ ably criticised by one of the best + Hebrew scholars of the day in the _Jewish Intelligencer_, vol. ix. + p. 84.] + + + + +Replies. + + +BELLARMIN'S MONSTROUS PARADOX. + +(Vol. iv., p. 45.) + +The defence of Cardinal Bellarmin set up by your correspondent J. W. CT. +is not new, and is exceedingly plausible at first sight. Allow me, +however, to direct the attention of your readers to the following reply +to a similar defence, which I take from the _Sequel to Letters to M. +Gondon_, by Dr. Wordsworth, Canon of Westminster, pp. 10. 11.: + + "I would first beg leave to observe that my three reviewers, in + their zeal to speak for Cardinal Bellarmine, have not allowed him + to speak for himself. They seem not to have remembered that this + very passage was severely censured in his life-time, and that in + the _Review_ which _he_ wrote _of his own works_, by way of + explanation, he endeavoured to set up a defence for it, which is + _wholly at variance with their apologies_ for him. He says, 'When + I affirmed that, if the Pope commanded a vice or forbad a virtue, + the church would be bound to believe virtue to be evil and vice + good, I was speaking concerning _doubtful_ acts of virtue or vice; + for if he ordered a _manifest_ vice, or forbad a _manifest_ + virtue, it would be necessary to say with St. Peter, We must obey + God rather than man.' Recognitio Librorum omnium Roberti + Bellarmini ab ipso edita, Ingolstad, 1608, p. 19. 'Ubi diximus + quod si Papa praeciperet vitium aut prohiberet virtutem, Ecclesia + teneretur credere virtutem esse malam et vitium esse bonum, locuti + sumus de actibus _dubiis_ virtutum aut vitiorum; nam si praeciperet + _manifestum_ vitium aut prohiberet _manifestam_ virtutem, dicendum + esset cum Petro _obedire oportet magis Deo quam hominibus_.' + + "This is his own defence; let it be received for what it is worth; + it differs entirely from that which the reviewers make for him." + +It would occupy too much of your valuable space to insert the whole of +Dr. Wordsworth's observations, which, however, every one who is desirous +of thoroughly investigating the subject, _ought_ to read and consider. + + TYRO. + + Dublin. + + +THE GOOKINS OF KENT. + +(Vol. i., pp. 385. 492.) + +In the 1st volume of the _New England Historical and Genealogical +Register_, pp. 345., &c., and in subsequent volumes, an interesting +account, by J. W. Thornton, Esq., of Boston, may be found of the +"Gookins of America," who are descendants of Sir Vincent Gookin, Knt., +to whom your correspondents refer. + +Mr. Thornton explains the omission of the descendants of Vincent and +Daniel in the pedigree found in Berry's _Kent_, p. 113., and which is +from the original visitation in Heralds' College, by the fact, that they +probably went to the co. Cork, and Daniel from thence to Virginia. He +cites undoubted proof that Daniel arrived in Virginia in November, 1621, +and was one of twenty-six patentees to whom, in 1620, King James granted +a patent of land in that colony, they having "undertaken to transport +great multitudes of persons and cattle to Virginia." In 1626 this Daniel +is described in a deed as of "Carygoline, in the county of Cork, within +the kingdom of Ireland, Esquire." In February 1630 a deed is recorded, +made by "Daniel Gookin, of Newport Newes, Virginia, the younger, +Gentleman." Upon the records of the Court of James City, held Nov. 22, +1642, Captain John Gookin is mentioned. Mr. Thornton infers that the +elder Daniel returned to Ireland, and that Daniel the younger, and +Captain John Gookin, were his sons. During the religious troubles which +arose in Virginia, Daniel, junior, and Mary his wife, left for New +England, where they arrived on May 10, 1644, and where he became, as he +had been, a person of considerable influence. He was promoted to the +rank of Major-General in the colony, and died March 19, 1686-7, aet. 75. +For further mention of him, see Carlyle's _Letters and Speeches of +Oliver Cromwell_, Let. 143. and Note; Thurloe's _State Papers_, vol. iv. +pp. 6. 440. 449.; vol. v. p. 509.; vol. vi. p. 362. He is spoken of, +says Mr. Thornton, by an authority of the time, as a "Kentish soldier." +Colonel Charles Gookin, whom Penn sent as a governor to his colony, is +described by the latter in a letter, dated London, Sept. 28, 1708, as +"of years and experience," "and of what they call a good family, his +grandfather Sir Vincent Gookin having been an early great planter in +Ireland, in King James First's and the first Charles's days." Governor +Gookin assumed his duties in Pennsylvania in 1708, and was recalled in +1717. He was never married. + +In a letter dated Philadelphia, Nov. 28, 1709, Governor Gookin writes to +a grandson of Major-General Daniel Gookin, of New England: "I assure you +that the account you gave me of that part of our family settled in +America was extremely satisfactory;" and again, Nov. 22, 1710, to the +same he says: "By a letter from Ireland I am informed two of our +relatives are lately dead, viz. Robert Gookin, son of my uncle Robert, +and Augustine Gookin, eldest son of my uncle Charles." He subscribes +himself "cousin," &c. + +From Mr. Thornton's account, and the remarks of your correspondent, I +think I may venture to deduce the following table:-- + + | + +---------------------------+------------------------+ + | | + SIR VINCENT G., Kt., DANIEL, + Lived at Highfield who went + House, Bitton, to + Gloucester, Virginia. + which he purchased --married + in 1627, xv. + d. 1637, and bu. | + at Bitton. | + --married JUDITH, dau. of xx. Wood, | + d. 1642, bu. at Bitton. | + | | + | | + +--------+-------+-----+---------+--------+ +-----+---+ + | | | | | | | + SAMUEL, VINCENT, FRANCES, ROBERT. CHARLES. Maj.-G. JOHN. + buried publishes baptized | | DANIEL, + at his pamphlet at | | --married + Bitton, in 1634, Bitton, | | Mary xx. + 1635. left Bitton 1637. | | | + in 1646, | | | + living in | | | + 1655. | | | + --married | | | + Mary x. | | | + | | | | + | | | | + ROBERT, ROBERT, AUGUSTINE, DANIEL, + conveys Bitton d. 1710. eldest SAMUEL, + in 1646. son, d. NATHANIEL, + 1710. &c., some + of whose + descendants + still live + in New + England. + + EDWARD ARMSTRONG, + + Recording Secretary of the + Historical Society of + Pennsylvania. + + Philadelphia, July 2. 1851. + + +CURIOUS MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTION. + +(Vol. iv., p. 20.) + +The inscription on the tombstone of Christ. Burraway, in Martham Church, +copied by your correspondent E. S. T., singular as it is, and startling +as the story attached to it seems, is not without a parallel, for we +have a similar inscription on another _mysterious mother_ of the name of +Marulla in ancient times, which is given by Boxhornius in his _Monumenta +Illustrium Virorum et Elogia_, Amst. 1638, fol. 112. He appears to have +found it on a ruined sarcophagus at Rome, of which he has given +representation, and in his Index thus refers to it: + + "Hersilus cum Marulla, quae ei mater, soror, et sponsa fuit." + +Your correspondent has not mentioned the source of his explanation of +the enigma: I presume it is traditional. The ancient inscription, it +will be seen, solves it in the last two lines. The coincidence of these +two inscriptions is not a little remarkable. + + "SENICAPRI QVICVMQVE SVBIS SACRARIA FAVNI + HAEC LEGE ROMANA VERBA NOTATA MANV. + HERSILVS HIC IACEO MECVM MARVLLA QVIESCIT + QVAE SOROR ET GENITRIX, QVAE MIHI SPONSA FVIT + VERA NEGAS, FRONTEMQVE TRAHIS: ENIYGMATA SPHYNGOS + CREDIS, SVNT PYTHIO VERA MAGIS TRIPODE. + ME PATER E NATA GENVIT, MIHI IVNGITVR ILLA, + SIC SOROR ET CONIVNCX, SIC FVIT ILLA PARENS." + +In that entertaining volume _La Sylva Curiosa de Julian de Medrano, +Cavallero Navarro_, first printed in 1583, and reprinted at Paris in +1608, a somewhat similar story is related, and the monumental +inscription in French is given. Some of these stories must surely be +apocryphal.[2] + + [Footnote 2: Stories of the same nature are told in the + _Heptameron of the Queen of Navarre, 3me Journee, Nouvelle 30e_, + where the scene is laid in Languedoc; and by Jeremy Taylor in his + _Ductor Dubitantium_, B. i. C. iii. Sect. 3., who cites Comitolus + as his authority: here the scene is laid in Venice. By others the + scene has been placed in London, and also in Scotland. Horace + Walpole's Postscript to his Tragedy will of course be known to + most of your readers.] + + "Passing through the Bourbonnese country I was told, that many + years since a young gentleman there had, by some fortuitous + accident, lain with his own mother, who became pregnant by him. + That some time after, a favourable opportunity offering, he went + to the wars, and was absent from his home some fourteen or fifteen + years. At the expiration of that time returning home, he found his + mother well stricken in years, who had a few days previous taken + into her service a handsome lass, who had been brought up from + infancy in the mountains of Auvergne. This young woman being of a + naturally affectionate disposition, seemed much attached to her + mistress, and relieved her of all her household cares, without + knowing how nearly they were related; for she was her daughter, + the fruit of the intercourse with her son, now master of the + house; notwithstanding there was no one in those parts that knew + it. The young man seeing her virtuous, graceful, and handsome, + became enamored of her, in so much that, although his relations + wished him to marry a rich wife, and all that his friends + endeavoured to divert his passion, and counselled him to bestow + his love elsewhere, it was all to no purpose, but, preferring her + to all others he had seen, he married her. They lived together + many years, had several children, and were buried in the same + tomb, without either of them having ever known that they were + father and daughter, brother and sister! until after a lapse of + time, a shepherd from Auvergne coming into the Bourbonnese + country, told the history to the inhabitants of the place where + this doubly incestuous couple lived. When I passed through the + country I was shown the spot where they dwelt, and the church + where they were interred; and a copy of the epitaph which was + placed upon their tomb was given me, which was as follows: + + "'Cy gist la fille, cy gist le pere, + Cy gist la soeur, cy gist le frere, + Cy gist la femme et le mary, + Et si n'y a que deux corps ici.'" + + S. W. SINGER. + + Mickleham, July 28. 1851. + + +THE LATE MR. WILLIAM HONE. + +(Vol. iii., pp. 477. 508.; Vol. iv., p. 25.) + +Having been acquainted with Mr. Hone, when a bookseller in the Strand +(the firm, I think, was Hone and Bone), who published several catalogues +of scarce works in poetry and the drama, I feel some interest in the +question raised upon his religious principles. It was no doubt this +avocation which gave to Mr. Hone that extensive circle of information, +which enabled him to conduct those amusing publications, _The Every-day +Book_, _The Year Book_, and _The Table Book_. In what way my +schoolfellow Charles Lamb became acquainted with Mr. Hone I know not; +but I frequently heard him speak of his misfortunes, and I was witness +to his endeavours to relieve his difficulties, by requesting his +acquaintance to visit the coffee-house which Mrs. Hone opened in +Gracechurch Street. I may communicate hereafter some information upon +the intimacy which existed between Charles Lamb and Mr. Hone; my present +note being confined to some more extensive and interesting pieces of +information relative to Mr. Hone's conversion from infidelity to the +pure principles of Christianity, than are furnished by MR. WILLIAM +BARTON. For this purpose I transcribe a letter of Mr. Hone's, +descriptive of his conversion, the cause which led to it, and his +earnest desire to impress upon the public mind his sincerity in the +change which had taken place. A more touching picture of real +conviction, and of a renewed state of mind, is not perhaps upon record, +and cannot too extensively be made known. The letter appeared a few +years ago in the _Churchman's Penny Magazine_, vol. ii. p. 154., with +the initials "T. H." + + "Dear Sir, + + "Your kindness towards me, and the desire you express of becoming + serviceable to me, require that I should be explicit as regards + the circumstances under which we met, a little time ago, and have + since conversed on. I think my statement should be in writing, and + hence this letter. + + "It has pleased the Almighty, to have dealings with me for several + years, until, by His Holy Spirit, I have been brought from + darkness to light; to know HIM, through faith in Christ; to rest + in His love, as in the cleft of a rock, safe from the storms and + afflictions of the world. To acquaint all who ever heard of my + name, with this mighty change of heart, has long been my desire; + and it seems to me, that I ought not to exercise my restored + faculties without tendering their first fruits as an humble + offering to the promotion of His cause, by testifying of His great + mercy. It has been my frequent and earnest prayer to God to enable + me to do this, as His doing; to seek nothing but honour to His + holy name, and in the fear of Him, and Him only, without regard to + the praise or dispraise of man--come from what quarter it may--to + have my soul possessed in patience; to wait and be still, as a + mere instrument in His hands, made willing in the day of His + power, to do His work. If it be His work, He will bless it: I pray + that it may be. Now, in this matter, and in this view of it, + self-seeking and personal gratification are out of the question. + The desire to engage in it is the most earnest wish of my heart; + but my heart was submitted to God, and in submission to Him, it + seeks to do His will, to do the will of my Saviour, as my Lord and + my God, who has done all things for me, and will do all things + well. I believe He has put the desire into my heart to do this + homage to His sovereignty, as a subject of His kingdom. To do it + has been the ruling purpose of my mind: as an instance of it, let + me mention, that I have been frequently asked by autograph + collectors to write something in their albums. For the last two + years I have done nothing in this way, till the 3rd of last month, + a lady having brought in her album the night before, I remembered + it was my birth-day, and wrote the following lines: + + "'The proudest heart that ever beat + Hath been subdued in me; + The wildest will that ever rose + To scorn Thy cause, and aid Thy foes, + Is quell'd, my God, by Thee. + + "'Thy will, and not my will, be done; + My heart be ever Thine: + Confessing Thee, the mighty Word, + My Saviour Christ, my God, my Lord, + Thy Cross shall be my sign.' + + "These lines, I thought, would be ill placed among contributions + of different import: I therefore wrote them at the end of my + Bible, and put some others, of a religious and kindly admonitory + tendency, in the lady's album. Not even in the albums can I write + without manifesting, that to please is less my object than to + acknowledge the goodness of God. Well, then, my dear Sir, in this + respect you may gather, in some degree, how it is with me, and how + God has wrought upon my mind, and operates upon it to the end I + speak of. When His hand struck me as for death, it was in a house + of prayer, and whilst being carried from the place in men's arms + as for dead, He lifted my heart to His throne of grace. During the + loneliness of what seemed to be my dying bed, and the discomfort + of my awful infirmity, and the ruin of my house, and family, and + property, He was with me, and comforted me; and hitherto He has + helped me, and I bless His holy name; my faith in Him is unshaken, + and He keeps me constantly to himself; and despite of worldly + affections, and nature's fear, I depend on Him and the workings of + His providence, that He will never leave me nor forsake me. It has + never entered my mind, even as a shadow, that I can do anything + for Him; but what He enables me to do, I will do to His glory. In + the dark seasons of the hidings of His face, I would wait on Him + who waited for me while I resisted the drawings of His love; and + when I sit in the light of His countenance, I would stand up and + magnify His name before the people. And now, that He has + wonderfully raised me up, after a long season of calamity, to the + power of using my pen, I pray that He may direct it to tell of His + mercy to me, and by what way He has brought me to acknowledge Him, + 'the Lord our righteousness,' 'God blessed for ever,' at all + times, and in all places, where there may be need of it. I trust I + may never be ashamed to declare His Name; but readily exemplify, + by His help, the courage and obedience of a Christian man, and, as + a good soldier of Christ, fight the good fight with the sword of + the Spirit. + + "May God grant me grace to do His will, is my humble supplication. + I am, + + "Dear Sir, + + "Yours most sincerely, + + "WM. HONE." + +The foregoing letter may perhaps be considered too pharasaical; but when +is added to it the following note by Mr. Hone, relating the afflictions +which had overtaken him, and well nigh overwhelmed him, it cannot appear +surprising that when he sought comfort and relief from where alone they +are to be found, his heart overflowed with thankfulness and praise. + +I find the subjoined notice to his readers in Hone's _Table Book_, vol. +ii. p. 737.:-- + + "Note. + + "Under severe affliction I cannot make up this sheet as I wish. + This day week my second son was brought home with his skull + fractured. To-day intelligence has arrived to me of the death of + my eldest son. + + "The necessity I have been under of submitting recently to a + surgical operation on myself, with a long summer of sickness to + every member of my family, and accumulated troubles of earlier + origin, and of another nature, have prevented me too often from + satisfying the wishes of readers, and the claims of + correspondents. I crave that they will be pleased to receive this + as a general apology, in lieu of particular notices, and in the + stead of promises to effect what I can no longer hope to + accomplish, and forbear to attempt. + + "WM. HONE. + + "December 12. 1827." + + J. M. G. + + Worcester. + +Mr. Hone, whose friendship I enjoyed for some years, became toward the +latter part of his life a devout and humble Christian, and member of the +dissenting church under the pastorate of the Rev. Thomas Binney, to +which also several members of his family[3] belonged. Meeting him +accidentally, about ten years since, in Great Bell Alley, London Wall, +he led me to a small bookshop, kept I think by one of his daughters, and +showed me part of a pamphlet he was then engaged upon, relative to _his +own_ religious life and experience, as I understood him. This, I +believe, has never appeared, though he published in 1841 _The early Life +and Conversion of William Hone_, of Ripley[4], his father. + + [Footnote 3: "His wife, four daughters, and a son-in-law."] + + [Footnote 4: London: T. Ward and Co. 8vo. pp. 48.] + +At p. 46. of this interesting narrative, he subjoins an extract from a +new edition of Simpson's _Plea for Religion_, printed for Jackson and +Walford, describing the happy change which had taken place in his own +mind. To this account, written, as Mr. Hone says, "by a very dear friend +who knows me intimately," he sets his affirmation; so that there can be +no doubt of its accuracy. + +A Life of William Hone, by one who could treat it philosophically, would +be so deeply interesting, that I am surprised it has never been +undertaken. "The history of my three days' trials in Guildhall," says +he, "may be dug out from the journals of the period: the history of my +mind and heart, my scepticism, my atheism, and God's final dealings with +me, remains to be written. If my life be prolonged a few months, the +work may appear in my lifetime." This was written June 3, 1841. Was any +progress, and what, made in it? + +Who so fit to "gather up the fragments," as his late pastor, Mr. Binney, +the deeply thoughtful author of one of our best biographies extant, the +_Life of Sir T. F. Buxton_? + + DOUGLAS ALLPORT. + + [The concluding words of our correspondent are calculated to + mislead our readers. _The Life_ of Sir T. F. Buxton is by his son; + whereas Mr. Binney's is merely a _sketch of his character_, with + that of other eminent individuals, published, we believe, in a + small pamphlet.] + + +PLAIDS AND TARTANS. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 7. 77.) + +I can assure A LOWLANDER that the reviewer's story is quite true, it +being gathered from Sir John Sinclair, who, in a letter to Mr. +Pinkerton, dated in May, 1796, says: + + "It is well known that the philibeg was invented by an Englishman + in Lochabar, about sixty years ago, who naturally thought his + workmen would be more active in that light petticoat than in the + belted plaid; and that it was more decent to wear it than to have + no clothing at all, which was the case with some of those employed + by him in cutting down the woods in Lochabar."--See Pinkerton's + _Correspondence_, vol. i. p. 404. + +I never understood that there was any presumed antiquity about the +philibeg or kilt. In the _Encyclopaedia Britannica_ it is described as a +"modern substitute" for the lower part of the plaid. + +Presuming, that I have settled this point, I will pass to the original +Query of a JUROR, p. 7., still quoting Pinkerton: + + "There is very little doubt but that the 'Tartan' passed from + Flanders (whence all our articles came) to the Lowlands in the + fifteenth century, and thence to the Highlands. It is never + mentioned before the latter part of that century. It first occurs + in the accompts of James III., 1474, and seems to have passed from + England; for the 'rouge tartarin' in the statutes of the Order of + the Bath in the time of Edward IV. (apud Upton de Re Milit.) is + surely red tartan, or cloth with red stripes of various shades." + +Again-- + + "As to the plaid, there is no reason to believe it more ancient + than the philibeg. In the sixteenth century Fordun (lib. ii. cap. + 9.) only mentions the Highland people as 'amictu deformis,' a term + conveying the idea of a vague savage dress of skins. + + "In the book of dress printed at Paris in 1562, the Highland chief + is in the Irish dress wearing a mantle. The woman is dressed in + sheep and deer skins. Lesley, in 1570, is the first who mentions + the modern Highland dress, but represents the tartan as even then + being exclusively confined to the use of people of rank. + + "Buchanan, 1580, mentions the plaids, but says they are _brown_; + even as late as 1715 the remote Highlanders were only clothed in a + long coat buttoned down to the mid-leg; this information was + derived from the minister of Mulmearn (father of the Professor + Ferguson), who said 'that those Highlanders who joined the + Pretender from the most remote parts, were not dressed in + party-coloured tartans, and had neither plaid nor philibeg.'" + +So much for the assumed antiquity of the Scottish national costume. More +interesting matter on this subject will be found in Pinkerton's +_Correspondence_, vol. i. pp. 404-410. + + BLOWEN. + + +THE CAXTON MEMORIAL. + +(Vol. iv., pp. 33. 69.) + +Whatever be the fate of _The Caxton Memorial_, as suggested by myself, +the proposition is clear of interested motives. I neither aspire to the +honours of a patron, nor to the honours of editorship. To revive the +memory of the man, and to illustrate the literature of the period, are +my sole objects. + +I have to thank MR. BOTFIELD for his polite information. I was aware of +the meeting of the 9th of July 1849, but not aware that the proposal of +a _statue of Caxton_ had been entertained at so early a date. The +proceedings of the meeting, as reported in _The Times_, were confined to +the question of subscriptions: on the statue question there is not the +slightest hint. + +The advocacy of a _fictitious statue_ by so eminent an antiquary as MR. +BOTFIELD, and the assurance which he gives that this object has been +under consideration for at least two years, make it the more imperative +on me to state my objections to it; and this I shall do with reference +to his own arguments. + +A maxim of the illustrious sir William Jones very apposite to the point +in dispute, has floated in my memory from early life. It is this: "The +best monument that can be erected to a man of literary talents is a good +edition of his works." Such a man was William Caxton; and on this +principle I would proceed. He would then owe the extension of his fame +to the admirable art which he so successfully practised. + +In the opinion of MR. BOTFIELD, the expense attendant on my project +would be "fatal to its success." Now, as the Shakespeare Society prints +at the rate of four volumes for a subscription of 1_l._, the committee +of the _Caxton Memorial_ could surely produce one volume for 10_s._ +6_d._ I should not advise any attempt at splendour. Paper such as Caxton +would have chosen, a clear type, and extreme accuracy of text, are more +important objects. Competent editors would soon offer their services; +and, proud to have their names associated with so desirable an +enterprise, would perform their parts with correspondent care and +ability. Besides, it is easier to collect subscriptions, when you can +promise a substantial return. + +To the other objections of MR. BOTFIELD, I shall reply more briefly. The +biography of Caxton by Lewis is a very _scarce_ book; and, in the +opinion of Dibdin, "among the dullest of all biographical memoirs." As +to that by MR. KNIGHT, only one fourth part of it relates to Caxton. In +the _Typographical antiquities_ we certainly have "copious extracts from +his works;" but they are mixed up with much superfluity of disquisition. +Whether such a memorial would be "hidden in a bookcase," must depend on +the taste of the possessor. It would be _accessible_ in the four +quarters of the globe--which is as much as can be said of other books, +and more than can be said of a statue. + +I cannot admit the propriety of viewing Caxton as a mere printer. By +continental writers he is more correctly appreciated. M. de la Serna +calls him "homme de lettres, artiste renomme," etc.; and M. Suard +observes, "dans presque tous les ouvrages imprimes par lui, il a insere +quelques lignes qui toujours attestent la purete des intentions dont il +etait anime." + +The advocates of a _fictitious statue_ of Caxton have been apprized of +my intention, and if certain estimable antiquaries should prove to be of +the number, they must consider my opposition as the consequence of +general principles. + +It should be the object of antiquaries to illustrate "the _history_ of +former times"--as we read in a royal charter--not to substitute fiction +for history. Now, it is admitted by MR. BOTFIELD that there is "no +authentic portrait of Caxton." How then, he must allow me to ask, can it +be assumed that the _picture by Maclise is truthful_? It may be much +otherwise. Modern artists are no guides for antiquaries. + +It is with statues as it is with medals. The first and most obvious use +of them, as Addison remarks of the latter objects, is "the showing us +the _faces_" of eminent persons. Even Horace Walpole, who has misled so +many with regard to Caxton, has expressed himself very forcibly on the +value of _real_ portraits. If a statue fail in that particular, it is +worthless; and should my own project find no favour with the public--a +fountain by day--or, a light by night--or, an inscribed obelisk--or, +even an inscribed tablet--would be far preferable as a monument. + +If the dean of St. Paul's should resolve to place in other hands the sum +which has been collected for this purpose, he may justly insist on the +proper application of it; and as the Society of Arts may be induced to +take charge of it, I must remind them of the circumstance under which +the subscriptions were formerly obtained. It was assumed that a likeness +of Caxton had been preserved. I transcribe from _The Times_:-- + + "The meeting, [12 June, 1847] appeared to have been gratified with + what they had seen and heard, and he [lord Morpeth] had only now + to say to them, and to their fellow-countrymen in every part of + the world, 'Subscribe.' (Applause.) + + "A miniature portrait of Caxton, painted upon enamel by Mr. Bone, + was handed to lord Morpeth, who stated that it had been copied + from a likeness of Caxton, in an old illuminated MS." + +His lordship was misinformed as to the authenticity of the portrait, it +being copied from the Lambeth Ms.--but that circumstance does not affect +the argument. + +It is manifest, therefore, that a _fictitious statue_ of Caxton, +objectionable as it would be on other accounts, would also be very like +a breach of faith with the original subscribers. + + BOLTON CORNEY. + + +LADY FLORA HASTINGS' BEQUEST. + +(Vol. iii., pp. 443. 522.; Vol. iv., p. 44.) + + [MR. E. P. RICHARDS presents his compliments to the Editor of + "NOTES AND QUERIES," and will thank him to insert the + accompanying statement by the Marchioness of Bute, in respect to + the lines said to have been written by her sister, Lady Flora + Hastings, in the next number of his paper. + + Cardiff, Aug. 5. 1851.] + +A friend has copied and sent to me a passage in the paper named "NOTES +AND QUERIES," of Saturday, July 19. 1851, No. 90. page 44. + +The passage refers to my sister, Lady Flora Hastings, and a poem +ascribed to her. If it were a matter solely of literary nature, I should +not have interfered; considering the point in debate may not be +interesting to a very extended circle of persons. But I feel it is a +duty not to allow an undeserved imputation to rest on any one, +especially on one styled a "Christian lady." Probably no person but +myself can place the debated question beyond doubt. I do not know who +the "Christian lady" or who ERZA may be; but the lines entitled "Lady +Flora Hastings' Bequest" are not by Lady Flora Hastings. She solemnly +bequeathed _all_ her papers and manuscripts to me, and those verses are +not amongst them; else they should have been included in the volume of +her poems which I published. Moreover, Lady Flora Hastings never parted +with her Bible till, by my brother's desire, I had warned her on the +authority of the physicians that _any_ hour might close her existence on +earth. She was then unable to read it to herself. It was to _me_ (not to +my brother, as stated by CHARLOTTE ELIZABETH) that she confided the book +and the message for our mother; and when she did so, she was too weak in +body to have committed the simple words of the message to paper. I was +with her night and day for many days before she gave the gift and +message to my care, and she died in my arms. She could not have composed +any verses, or written a word, or dictated a sentence, without my +knowledge, for more than a week before she died. + + S. F. C. BUTE AND DUMFRIES. + + Largo House, Fife, July 30. 1851. + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Inscription on an old Board_ (Vol. iii., p. 240.).--I would suggest +that the 31st chapter of Genesis may solve this riddle. We have in the +latter part of that chapter the account of a covenant entered into +between Jacob and Laban, and we are there told that a pillar was erected +as a witness between them of this covenant; Jacob calling it Galeed, +also Mizpah. May not the inscription on the board be a token of some +covenant of the same kind; and may it not have been placed on a pillar, +or on some conspicuous place on the exterior of the house, or over the +mantel in some room of the house (this latter being suggested in the +article describing the board)? If I am correct, the name of the person +who did "indite" the inscription should be one which, if not spelt +exactly like Galeed or Mizpah, would in sound resemble the one or the +other. + + H. H. B. + + Monte Cavallo, South Carolina. + +_Churches decorated at Christmas_ (Vol. iii., p. 118.).--In the +Episcopal churches of our country this custom is religiously observed; +the foliage of the holly, cedar, and pine being chiefly used for this +purpose at the south, together with artificial flowers. At Easter also +most of the _same_ churches are decorated, though some are not; and at +that season natural flowers are also used for the purpose, mingled with +the evergreen foliage of the trees mentioned above. + + H. H. B. + + Monte Cavallo, South Carolina. + +_Royal Library_ (Vol. iv., p. 69.).--The letter addressed by King George +IV. to the Earl of Liverpool, referred to in the above page, will be +found in the _Gentleman's Magazine_ for February, 1823, page 161. It is +dated from the Pavilion, Brighton, on the 15th of the preceding month. + +The Committee, in their Parliamentary Report, state that the king had +accompanied his munificent _donation_ of this library to the public, +"with the _gift_ of a valuable selection of coins and medals;" and they +close their Report in the following words: + + "The Committee would not do justice to the sentiments with which + they are affected, if they failed to express in the strongest + terms the gratitude they feel, in common with the nation, _for the + act of munificent liberality_ which has brought this subject under + their consideration, and for the disposition which is so strongly + evinced by that act, on the part of his Majesty, of promoting, by + the best means, the science and literature of the country." + +Would all this have been said, if the value of the library, in "pounds +sterling" was, as has been alleged, to be made good by the country to +its late owner? + +When urging that this library, containing about 65,000 volumes, might +have been preserved at Whitehall, or in some other part of Westminster, +as a _distinct_ collection, it may be stated, that on its removal to the +Museum, 21,000 duplicates were found in the united libraries, but that +"it was not considered advisable _to part with more_ than 12,000; which +should be taken from books in the Museum." Why should not the Museum +have _retained_ its duplicates, leaving those in the royal library for +the benefit of readers in another part of the metropolis? Was the +expense of a separate establishment the great obstacle? + + J. H. M. + +_Proof of a Sword_ (vol. iv., p. 39.).--ENSIS asks, "What is the usual +test of a good blade?" The proof by striking on the surface of smooth +water, is not uncommon in India; though, in my opinion, it is a very +inefficient one, and there is no doubt that "the Toledo blades in the +Crystal Palace" would stand it as well as any others of moderate +goodness. "The Toledo blades that _roll_ up in a circle" can be as +easily made in England as in Spain, but they are useless toys: there is +an English one in the Exhibition, Class viii., Case 200., which fits +into the circular Toledo scabbard placed above it; but they are only +curious to the uninitiated. What, then, is an efficient proof? I reply, +first strike the flat side of the blade on an iron table (by means of a +machine) with a force of 300 to 400 lbs., and then on the edge and back +over a round piece of hard wood with a force of 400 to 500 lbs.: after +which thrust the point as hard as possible against a thick iron plate +and through a cuirass, without turning or breaking it, and bend so as to +reduce the length in the proportion of about one inch and a half to a +foot. When thus proved, a sword may be relied on, and the operation may +be seen every day at 27. Pall Mall. + + HENRY WILKINSON. + +_Dr. Young's "Narcissa"_ (Vol. iv., p. 22.).--In reply to W. F. S. of +Surbiton it appears, from the most authentic biographical accounts of +Dr. Young, that he had not any daughters, and only one son; and that the +Narcissa of the _Night Thoughts_ was a daughter of his wife (Lady +Elizabeth Lee), by her former husband, Colonel Lee. The writer in the +_Evangelical Magazine_ must therefore have written in ignorance of these +facts when he termed Narcissa Dr. Young's daughter: or he may have +spoken, in a loose way, of the daughter-in-law as the daughter. + + J. M. + +_Circulation of the Blood_ (Vol. ii., p. 475.).--Having recently had +occasion to look into the works of Bede, I have found, in lib. iv., _De +Elementis Philosophiae_, the passage which was the subject of my Query. +Though not strictly in accordance with the established fact of the +circulation of the blood, it will yet be allowed to be a near +approximation to it. It is as follows:-- + + "Sanguine in epate generato, per venas ad omnia transit membra, + calore quorum digestus, in eorum similitudinem transit: + superfluitas, vero, partim per sudorem exit, alia vero pars ad + epar revertitur, ibi decocta cum urina exit descendens, sedimenque + vocatur; sed si in fundo sit urinae dicitur hypostasis; si in + medio, eneortim: si in summo nephile."--_Bedae Opera_, vol. ii. p. + 339., ed. Basiliae, MDLXIII. + + J. MN. + +_Dr. Elrington's Edition of Ussher_ (Vol. iii., p. 496.; Vol. iv., p. +10.).--There is still some obscurity about the publication of the +remaining volumes of this important work, notwithstanding DR. TODD'S +prompt communication on the subject. He speaks of the 14th volume half +printed off, and asks for information which may assist him in completing +it; and then announces that highly desirable addition, viz. an Index, +which is to form the 17th volume; but of the projected contents of vols. +xv. and xvi., he says nothing.[5] + + [Footnote 5: Vols. xv. and xvi., consisting of Letters to and from + Archbishop Ussher, were published early in 1849.] + +In spite of Dr. Elrington's rejection of the _Body of Divinity_ (which +is doubtless what DR. TODD refers to under the name of the _System of +Theology_), I would still venture to plead for at least an uniform +edition of it; for there is surely much force in the testimony of Dr. N. +Bernard (as quoted by Mr. Goode), that, whilst the Archbishop was +"indeed displeased at the publishing of it, without his knowledge, but +hearing of some good fruit which hath been reaped by it, he hath +_permitted it_." + + "Several other editions, therefore," (Mr. Goode adds) "were + published in his lifetime; and being thus published with his + _permission_, must of course be considered as in all important + points of doctrine representing his views."--_Effects of Infant + Baptism_, pp. 312, 313. + +Possibly some of your correspondents might be able to throw light on +this point. + +It will scarcely be travelling out of the record to entreat that the +Index may be printed on anything but the dazzling milled paper, which +everybody I should think must detest. + + C. W. B. + +_Was Stella Swift's Sister?_ (Vol. iii., p. 450.).--J. H. S. will find +this question raised in the _The closing Years of Dean Swift's Life_, by +W. R. Wilde, M.R.I.A.:-- + + "That Stella was the daughter of Sir Wm. Temple appears more than + probable; but that Swift was his son, and consequently her half + brother, remains to be proved. It has, it is true, been often + surmised, from the date of Orrery's book to the present time, but + we cannot discover in the supposition anything but vague + conjecture." + +Mr. Wilde, however, proceeds to quote in favour of the opinion from an +article in _The Gentleman's and London Magazine_, pp. 555. to 560., +Dublin. Printed for John Exshaw, Nov. 1757. + +It is signed _C. M. P. G. N. S. T. N. S._ + + [Dagger Symbol] + +_The Mistletoe_ (Vol. ii., pp. 163. 214.).--The mistletoe is common on +almost every tree of our Southern forests; it is abundant on all the +varieties of the oak, and grows most luxuriously on the trees near our +watercourses. I have seen some of our deciduous trees looking almost as +green in winter as when clothed in their own foliage in summer, in +consequence of the quantity of mistletoe growing upon them. + + H. H. B. + + Monte Cavallo, South Carolina. + +_Family of Kyme_ (Vol. iv., p. 23.).--The match of Kyme with Cicely, +second daughter of Edward the Fourth, and widow of John, Lord Welles, +is mentioned by Anderson, Yorke, Brooke, and Vincent; but these writers +agree that she had no issue by this marriage. + +BOLD is probably aware that there are a few descents of the family of +Kyme of Stickford, coming down to the latter end of the sixteenth +century, to be found in a "Visitation of Lincolnshire," Harl. MS. No. +1550., fo. 60. b. + +The following notice of some supposed descendants of the ancient family +of Kyme, is given in Thompson's _History of Boston_, 4to. Lond. 1820, +pp. 173. to 176.: + + "Richmond Rochford, or Kyme Tower. + + "At what time this estate passed from the Kyme family has not been + ascertained: it fell into the hands of the crown by sequestration, + in consequence of some political transgression of its owner, and + is now the property of the Dean and Chapter of Westminster. The + descendants of the ancient owners, however, continued to occupy + the estate as tenants, until 1816.[6] + + [Footnote 6: Adlard Kyme was tenant 1709.] + + "The tower is situated about two miles east of Boston.... An old + house adjoining the Tower was taken down a few years since: in + this house were several old portraits, said to be of the Kyme + family: there were also three coats of arms, with different + bearings, but with this same motto: 'In cruce nostra salus.'" + +If BOLD will communicate his address to the editor of "NOTES AND +QUERIES," I will with much pleasure forward to him some further +information respecting the descendants of the Kymes of Kyme Tower. + + LLEWELLYN. + +_The Leman Baronetcy_ (Vol. iv., p. 58.).--In answer to your +correspondent H. M., I beg to state that Sir Edward Leman, Baronet, +resides at Nottingham. He tried his right as to the baronetcy at the +Canongate Court in Edinburgh, in the year 1842, and was gazetted as the +legal baronet and rightful descendant of Sir Tanfeild Leman, who +succeeded Sir William Lenten of Northaw. I have the original gazette and +a certified court copy of the proceedings on the occasion, which I shall +be happy to show your correspondent, with all other information and +papers relative to the Leman family, if he will favour me with his +address. + + J. R. + + 39. Windmill Street, Haymarket. + +_Cure for Ague_ (Vol. iv., p. 53.).--The benefit derived by your +correspondent E. S. TAYLOR from the snuff of a candle, was owing to the +minute quantity of creosote contained in each dose. Dr. Elliotson tried +the same nauseous remedy with partial success at St. Thomas's Hospital, +some years since. + + J. N. T. + + + + +Miscellaneous. + + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +BUDDEN'S LIFE OF ARCHBISHOP MORTON, 1607. + +THOMAS LYTE'S ANCIENT BALLADS AND SONGS. 12mo. 1827. + +DODWELL (HENRY, M.A.), DISCOURSE PROVING FROM SCRIPTURES THAT THE SOUL +IS A PRINCIPLE NATURALLY MORTAL, &c. + +REFLECTIONS ON MR. BURCHET'S MEMOIRS; or, Remarks on his Account of +Captain Wilmot's Expedition to the West Indies, by Colonel Luke +Lillingston, 1704. + +GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE. Vol. I. 1731. + +NEW ENGLAND JUDGED, NOT BY MAN'S BUT BY THE SPIRIT OF THE LORD, &c. By +George Bishope. 1661. 4to. Wanted from p. 150. to the end. + +REASON AND JUDGMENT, OR SPECIAL REMARQUES OF THE LIFE OF THE RENOWNED +DR. SANDERSON, LATE LORD BISHOP OF LINCOLN. 1663. Sm. 4to. Wanted from +p. 90. to the end. + +TRISTRAM SHANDY. 12mo. Tenth Edition. Wanted Vol. VII. + +MALLAY, ESSAI SUR LES EGLISES ROMAINES ET BYZANTINES DU PUY DE DOME. 1 +Vol. folio. 51 Plates. + +AN ACCOUNT OF THE REMAINS OF THE WORSHIP OF PRIAPUS, to which is added a +Discourse thereon, as connected with the Mystic Theology of the +Ancients. London, 1786. 4to. By R. Payne Knight. + +CH. THILLON'S (Professor of Halle) NOUVELLE COLLECTION DES APOCRYPHES, +AUGMENTE, &c. Leipsic, 1832. + +COURS DE PHILOSOPHIE POSITIVE, par Auguste Compte. 6 Vols. 8vo. + +SOCIAL STATICS, by Herbert Spencer. 8vo. + +THE JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE. The back numbers. + +THE DAPHNIS AND CHLOE OF LONGUS, translated by _Amyot_ (French). + +ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA. The part of the 7th edition edited by Prof. +Napier, containing the Art. MORTALITY. + +OBSERVATIONS ON THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE ON HEALTH AND MORTALITY, by +Arthur S. Thomson, M.D. (A Prize Thesis.) + +REPORT ON THE BENGAL MILITARY FUND, by F. G. P. Neison. Published in +1849. + +THREE REPORTS, by Mr. Griffith Davies, Actuary to the _Guardian_, viz.: + + Report on the Bombay Civil Fund, published 1836. + ---- ---- ---- Bengal Medical Retiring Fund, published 1839. + ---- ---- ---- Bengal Military Fund, published 1844. + +OBSERVATIONS ON THE MORTALITY AND PHYSICAL MANAGEMENT OF CHILDREN, by +Mr. Roberton, Surgeon, London, 1827. + + [Star symbol] Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, + _carriage free_, to be sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND + QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + +Notices to Correspondents. + +_We are this week unavoidably compelled to request the indulgence of our +readers for the omission of our usual_ Notes on Books, Sales, +Catalogues, &c., _and our acknowledgment of_ Replies Received. + +NOTES AND QUERIES IN AMERICA. _Our present Number contains several +communications from America. The gratification which we experienced in +receiving in these communications proof of our increasing circulation, +and consequently of our extended usefulness, was greatly increased by +the kind manner in which our Transatlantic brethren expressed themselves +(in the private notes which they addressed to us) as to the favourable +manner in which our paper has been received in the United States. To be +the means of promoting in any degree increased intercommunication +between the different members of the great literary brotherhood of +England and America is surely a matter of which we may justly feel +proud._ + +E. S. T. _We fully agree in the propriety of the suggestion so kindly +made by our correspondent, and should be glad to see it carried out--but +we fear it is quite impracticable._ + +_Copies of our_ Prospectus, _according to the suggestion of_ T. E. H., +_will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by +circulating them._ + +VOLS. I., II., _and_ III., _with very copious Indices, may still be had, +price 9s. 6d. each, neatly bound in cloth._ + +NOTES AND QUERIES _is published at noon on Friday, so that our country +Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped +Edition is 10s. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by +Post-office Order drawn in favour of our Publisher,_ MR. GEORGE BELL, +186. Fleet Street; _to whose care all communications for the Editor +should be addressed._ + + + + +SOCIETY OF ARTS, ADELPHI, LONDON.--PHILOSOPHICAL TREATISES on the +various Departments of the GREAT EXHIBITION, which shall set forth the +peculiar Advantages to be derived from each by the Arts, Manufactures, +and Commerce of the Country. + + The Council offer, in the name of the Society, the large MEDAL and + 25_l._ for the best, and the Society's small Medal and 10_l._ for + the second best, Treatise on the Objects exhibited in the Section + of Raw Materials and Produce. + + A large Medal and 25_l._ for the best, and a small Medal and + 10_l._ for the second best, Treatise on the Objects exhibited in + the Section of Machinery. + + A large Medal and 25_l._ for the best, and a small Medal and + 10_l._ for the second best, Treatise on the Objects exhibited in + the Section of Manufactures. + + A large Medal and 25_l._ for the best, and a small Medal and + 10_l._ for the second best, Treatise on the Objects exhibited in + the Section of Fine Arts. + + Each Treatise must occupy, as nearly as possible, eighty pages of + the size of the Bridgwater Treatises. + + The Society will also award its large Medal and 25 guineas for the + best General Treatise upon the Exhibition, treated Commercially, + Politically, and Statistically; and small Medals for the best + Treatises on any Special Object or Class of Objects exhibited. + + The successful Treatises are to be the Property of the Society; + and should the Council see fit, they will cause the same to be + printed and published, awarding to the Author the net amount of + any profit which may arise from the publication after the payment + of the expenses. + + The Competing Treatises are to be written on foolscap paper, + signed with a motto in the usual manner, and delivered at the + Society's House on or before the THIRTIETH OF NOVEMBER, 1851, + addressed to George Grove, Esq., Secretary, from whom additional + particulars may be learned. + + By order of the Council, + GEORGE GROVE, Sec. + Adelphi, June 1. 1851. + + +THE PRIMAEVAL ANTIQUITIES OF ENGLAND ILLUSTRATED BY THOSE OF DENMARK. + + THE PRIMAEVAL ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK. + + By J. J. A. WORSAAE, Member of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of + Copenhagen. Translated and applied to the illustration of similar + Remains in England, by WILLIAM J. THOMS, F. S. A., Secretary of + the Camden Society. With numerous Woodcuts. 8vo. 10_s._ 6_d._ + + "The best antiquarian handbook we have ever met with--so clear is + its arrangement, and so well and so plainly is each subject + illustrated by well-executed engravings.... It is the joint + production of two men who have already distinguished themselves as + authors and antiquarians."--_Morning Herald._ + + "A book of remarkable interest and ability.... Mr. Worsaae's book + is in all ways a valuable addition to our literature.... Mr. Thoms + has executed the translation in flowing and idiomatic English, and + has appended many curious and interesting notes and observations + of his own."--_Guardian._ + + "The work, which we desire to commend to the attention of our + readers, is signally interesting to the British antiquary. Highly + interesting and important work."--_Archaeological Journal._ + + See also the _Gentleman's Magazine_ for February 1850. + + Oxford: JOHN HENRY PARKER, and 337. Strand, London. + + +Now ready, Price 25_s._, Second Edition, revised and corrected. + + Dedicated by Special Permission to + THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. + + PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected + by the Very Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music + arranged for Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, + including Chants for the Services, Responses to the Commandments, + and a Concise SYSTEM OF CHANTING, by J. B. SALE, Musical + instructor and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat, in morocco + cloth, price 25_s._ To be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell + Street, Millbank, Westminster, on the receipt of a Post Office + Order for that amount; and, by order, of the principal Booksellers + and Music Warehouses. + + "A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected + with our Church and Cathedral Service."--_Times._ + + "A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this + country."--_Literary Gazette._ + + "One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. + Well merits the distinguished patronage under which it + appears."--_Musical World._ + + "A collection of Psalms and Hymns, together with a system of + Chanting of a very superior character to any which has hitherto + appeared."--_John Bull._ + + Also, lately published, + + J. B. SALE'S SANCTUS, COMMANDMENTS and CHANTS as performed at the + Chapel Royal St. James, price 2_s._ + + C. LONSDALE, 26. Old Bond Street. + + +Just published, + + GOTHIC ORNAMENTS. By J. K. COLLING, Architect. In 2 vols. royal + 4to., price 7_l._ 10_s._, in appropriate cloth binding, containing + 209 Plates, nearly 50 of which illustrate the existing finely + painted and gilt decorations of the Cathedrals and Churches of the + Middle Ages. The work may be also had in numbers, price 3_s._, or + in parts, together or separately. + + "The completion of this elaborate work affords us an opportunity + of doing justice to its great merits. It was necessary to the + appreciation of the characteristics and the beauties of Gothic + architecture, that some more extensive series of illustrations + should be given to the world. Until the appearance of this work, + that of Pugin was the only one of any importance and + accuracy."--_Architectural Quarterly Review._ + + "'The Gothic Ornaments' constitutes a gorgeous work, illustrated + by gold and colour, giving correct ideas of the magnificence of + the original examples, of which the unilluminated works afford but + a scanty conception."--_Civil Engineer and Architect's Journal._ + + London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + +CUTTINGS FROM OLD NEWSPAPERS AND MAGAZINES. + + For disposal, price Two Guineas, a very entertaining Collection of + rare OLD NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE CUTTINGS, curious Exhibition + Bills, Prints, &c., relating to Kentish Town, Camden Town, Somers' + Town, and other parts of ST. PANCRAS, and appropriate to + illustrate Wiswould and Ingpen's projected history of that highly + interesting parish. + + Also numerous old newspaper Cuttings, Prints, ancient Handbills, + &c., illustrative of the history of Fleet Street, Holborn Hill, + and various other parts of the WARD OF FARRINGDON WITHOUT. Price + Two Guineas. + + Collections relating to all the English Counties, to Remarkable + Events, and to Celebrated Characters, are likewise for disposal. + + Apply to MR. FENNELL, 1. Warwick Court, Gray's Inn. + + N. B. All the Cuttings are carefully dated. + + +Just published, + + THE CATALOGUE OF A CHOICE AND VALUABLE COLLECTION OF RARE AND + CURIOUS BOOKS, forming part of the extensive stock of F. BUTSCH, + at Augsburg, and comprising many unrivalled specimens of early + Typography, first editions of the Greek and Roman Classics; rare + Bibles; books printed upon vellum; works with woodcuts; early + Voyages and Travels; old Romances and popular Tales in all + languages; Ballads in form of broadsheets: original Pamphlets of + the Reformers; works on Music; Autograph Manuscripts of eminent + Musicians; an almost unknown Bull of Pius II., printed by Fust and + Schoffer in the year 1461, &c. &c. + + Can be had GRATIS (or postage free for six stamps) of D. NUTT, + 270. Strand, London. + + +THE TRAVELLER'S JOY. Published in Five Sections, each Section being +perfect in itself, in handsome cloth binding, 1_s._ each. + + "The description appear to contain all that is necessary to point + out, in a satisfactory manner, the peculiar interest, historical + or otherwise, of each locality, without being overburdened with + the superfluous details usually dragged in to swell the volume of + local guide-books; and the style in which they are written is, in + spirit and adaptation to the large and mixed class to which they + are addressed, inferior to none of Mr. Knight's popular + publications."--_The Times_, June 25, 1851. + + London: CHARLES KNIGHT, 90. Fleet Street. + + +Just published, with Twelve Engravings, and Seven Woodcuts, royal 8vo. +10_s._, cloth, + + THE SEVEN PERIODS OF ENGLISH ARCHITECTURE DEFINED AND ILLUSTRATED. + An Elementary Work, affording at a single glance a comprehensive + view of the History of English Architecture, from the Heptarchy to + the Reformation. By EDMUND SHARPE, M.A., Architect. + + "Mr. Sharpe's reasons for advocating changes in the nomenclature + of Rickman are worthy of attention, coming from an author who has + entered very deeply into the analysis of Gothic architecture, and + who has, in his 'Architectural Parallels,' followed a method of + demonstration which has the highest possible + value."--_Architectural Quarterly Review._ + + "The author of one of the noblest architectural works of modern + times. His 'Architectural Parallels' are worthy of the best days + of art, and show care and knowledge of no common kind. All his + lesser works have been marked in their degree by the same careful + and honest spirit. His attempt to discriminate our architecture + into periods and assign to it a new nomenclature, is therefore + entitled to considerable respect."--_Guardian._ + + London: GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street. + + + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, August 9. 1851. + + + + + [List of volumes and pages in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV] + + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. I. | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 1 | November 3, 1849 | 1 - 17 | PG # 8603 | + | Vol. I No. 2 | November 10, 1849 | 18 - 32 | PG # 11265 | + | Vol. I No. 3 | November 17, 1849 | 33 - 46 | PG # 11577 | + | Vol. I No. 4 | November 24, 1849 | 49 - 63 | PG # 13513 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 5 | December 1, 1849 | 65 - 80 | PG # 11636 | + | Vol. I No. 6 | December 8, 1849 | 81 - 95 | PG # 13550 | + | Vol. I No. 7 | December 15, 1849 | 97 - 112 | PG # 11651 | + | Vol. I No. 8 | December 22, 1849 | 113 - 128 | PG # 11652 | + | Vol. I No. 9 | December 29, 1849 | 130 - 144 | PG # 13521 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 10 | January 5, 1850 | 145 - 160 | PG # | + | Vol. I No. 11 | January 12, 1850 | 161 - 176 | PG # 11653 | + | Vol. I No. 12 | January 19, 1850 | 177 - 192 | PG # 11575 | + | Vol. I No. 13 | January 26, 1850 | 193 - 208 | PG # 11707 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 14 | February 2, 1850 | 209 - 224 | PG # 13558 | + | Vol. I No. 15 | February 9, 1850 | 225 - 238 | PG # 11929 | + | Vol. I No. 16 | February 16, 1850 | 241 - 256 | PG # 16193 | + | Vol. I No. 17 | February 23, 1850 | 257 - 271 | PG # 12018 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 18 | March 2, 1850 | 273 - 288 | PG # 13544 | + | Vol. I No. 19 | March 9, 1850 | 289 - 309 | PG # 13638 | + | Vol. I No. 20 | March 16, 1850 | 313 - 328 | PG # 16409 | + | Vol. I No. 21 | March 23, 1850 | 329 - 343 | PG # 11958 | + | Vol. I No. 22 | March 30, 1850 | 345 - 359 | PG # 12198 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 23 | April 6, 1850 | 361 - 376 | PG # 12505 | + | Vol. I No. 24 | April 13, 1850 | 377 - 392 | PG # 13925 | + | Vol. I No. 25 | April 20, 1850 | 393 - 408 | PG # 13747 | + | Vol. I No. 26 | April 27, 1850 | 409 - 423 | PG # 13822 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Vol. I No. 27 | May 4, 1850 | 425 - 447 | PG # 13712 | + | Vol. I No. 28 | May 11, 1850 | 449 - 463 | PG # 13684 | + | Vol. I No. 29 | May 18, 1850 | 465 - 479 | PG # 15197 | + | Vol. I No. 30 | May 25, 1850 | 481 - 495 | PG # 13713 | + +---------------+-------------------+-----------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. II. | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 31 | June 1, 1850 | 1- 15 | PG # 12589 | + | Vol. II No. 32 | June 8, 1850 | 17- 32 | PG # 15996 | + | Vol. II No. 33 | June 15, 1850 | 33- 48 | PG # 26121 | + | Vol. II No. 34 | June 22, 1850 | 49- 64 | PG # 22127 | + | Vol. II No. 35 | June 29, 1850 | 65- 79 | PG # 22126 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 36 | July 6, 1850 | 81- 96 | PG # 13361 | + | Vol. II No. 37 | July 13, 1850 | 97-112 | PG # 13729 | + | Vol. II No. 38 | July 20, 1850 | 113-128 | PG # 13362 | + | Vol. II No. 39 | July 27, 1850 | 129-143 | PG # 13736 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 40 | August 3, 1850 | 145-159 | PG # 13389 | + | Vol. II No. 41 | August 10, 1850 | 161-176 | PG # 13393 | + | Vol. II No. 42 | August 17, 1850 | 177-191 | PG # 13411 | + | Vol. II No. 43 | August 24, 1850 | 193-207 | PG # 13406 | + | Vol. II No. 44 | August 31, 1850 | 209-223 | PG # 13426 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 45 | September 7, 1850 | 225-240 | PG # 13427 | + | Vol. II No. 46 | September 14, 1850 | 241-256 | PG # 13462 | + | Vol. II No. 47 | September 21, 1850 | 257-272 | PG # 13936 | + | Vol. II No. 48 | September 28, 1850 | 273-288 | PG # 13463 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 49 | October 5, 1850 | 289-304 | PG # 13480 | + | Vol. II No. 50 | October 12, 1850 | 305-320 | PG # 13551 | + | Vol. II No. 51 | October 19, 1850 | 321-351 | PG # 15232 | + | Vol. II No. 52 | October 26, 1850 | 353-367 | PG # 22624 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 53 | November 2, 1850 | 369-383 | PG # 13540 | + | Vol. II No. 54 | November 9, 1850 | 385-399 | PG # 22138 | + | Vol. II No. 55 | November 16, 1850 | 401-415 | PG # 15216 | + | Vol. II No. 56 | November 23, 1850 | 417-431 | PG # 15354 | + | Vol. II No. 57 | November 30, 1850 | 433-454 | PG # 15405 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. II No. 58 | December 7, 1850 | 457-470 | PG # 21503 | + | Vol. II No. 59 | December 14, 1850 | 473-486 | PG # 15427 | + | Vol. II No. 60 | December 21, 1850 | 489-502 | PG # 24803 | + | Vol. II No. 61 | December 28, 1850 | 505-524 | PG # 16404 | + +----------------+--------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. III. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 62 | January 4, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 15638 | + | Vol. III No. 63 | January 11, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 15639 | + | Vol. III No. 64 | January 18, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 15640 | + | Vol. III No. 65 | January 25, 1851 | 49- 78 | PG # 15641 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 66 | February 1, 1851 | 81- 95 | PG # 22339 | + | Vol. III No. 67 | February 8, 1851 | 97-111 | PG # 22625 | + | Vol. III No. 68 | February 15, 1851 | 113-127 | PG # 22639 | + | Vol. III No. 69 | February 22, 1851 | 129-159 | PG # 23027 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 70 | March 1, 1851 | 161-174 | PG # 23204 | + | Vol. III No. 71 | March 8, 1851 | 177-200 | PG # 23205 | + | Vol. III No. 72 | March 15, 1851 | 201-215 | PG # 23212 | + | Vol. III No. 73 | March 22, 1851 | 217-231 | PG # 23225 | + | Vol. III No. 74 | March 29, 1851 | 233-255 | PG # 23282 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 75 | April 5, 1851 | 257-271 | PG # 23402 | + | Vol. III No. 76 | April 12, 1851 | 273-294 | PG # 26896 | + | Vol. III No. 77 | April 19, 1851 | 297-311 | PG # 26897 | + | Vol. III No. 78 | April 26, 1851 | 313-342 | PG # 26898 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 79 | May 3, 1851 | 345-359 | PG # 26899 | + | Vol. III No. 80 | May 10, 1851 | 361-382 | PG # 32495 | + | Vol. III No. 81 | May 17, 1851 | 385-399 | PG # 29318 | + | Vol. III No. 82 | May 24, 1851 | 401-415 | PG # 28311 | + | Vol. III No. 83 | May 31, 1851 | 417-440 | PG # 36835 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. III No. 84 | June 7, 1851 | 441-472 | PG # 37379 | + | Vol. III No. 85 | June 14, 1851 | 473-488 | PG # 37403 | + | Vol. III No. 86 | June 21, 1851 | 489-511 | PG # 37496 | + | Vol. III No. 87 | June 28, 1851 | 513-528 | PG # 37516 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Notes and Queries Vol. IV. | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol., No. | Date, Year | Pages | PG # xxxxx | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 88 | July 5, 1851 | 1- 15 | PG # 37548 | + | Vol. IV No. 89 | July 12, 1851 | 17- 31 | PG # 37568 | + | Vol. IV No. 90 | July 19, 1851 | 33- 47 | PG # 37593 | + | Vol. IV No. 91 | July 26, 1851 | 49- 79 | PG # 37778 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol. IV No. 92 | August 2, 1851 | 81- 94 | PG # 38324 | + +-----------------+-------------------+---------+-------------+ + | Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] | PG # 13536 | + | INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 | PG # 13571 | + | INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 | PG # 26770 | + +-----------------------------------------------+-------------+ + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 93, +August 9, 1851, by Various + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, AUGUST 9, 1851 *** + +***** This file should be named 38337.txt or 38337.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/8/3/3/38337/ + +Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online +Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This +file was produced from images generously made available +by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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