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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Star People
+
+Author: Gaylord Johnson
+
+Release Date: November 4, 2011 [EBook #37916]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: UTF-8
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STAR PEOPLE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, eagkw and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+
+
+
+  [Illustration]
+
+  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+
+  NEW YORK · BOSTON · CHICAGO · DALLAS
+  ATLANTA · SAN FRANCISCO
+
+  MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED
+
+  LONDON · BOMBAY · CALCUTTA
+  MELBOURNE
+
+  THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD.
+
+  Toronto
+
+
+
+
+  THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+  BY
+
+  GAYLORD JOHNSON
+
+  WITH DRAWINGS ON SAND AND BLACKBOARD
+  BY "UNCLE HENRY AND THE SOCIETY
+  OF STAR-GAZERS"
+
+  "Why did not somebody teach me the constellations, and
+  make me at home in the starry heavens, which are always
+  overhead and which I don't half know to this day?"
+                                      --_Thomas Carlyle._
+
+  New York
+  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+  1921
+
+  _All rights reserved_
+
+
+
+
+  COPYRIGHT, 1921
+  BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+
+  Set up and electrotyped. Published June, 1921.
+
+
+
+
+  TO
+  BABY ANNE
+
+
+
+
+WHAT HAPPENED IN STARLAND
+
+                                                                 PAGE
+  FIRST EVENING--
+      In which the Society of Star Gazers is formed and
+        discovers Two Bears, one with a stretched tail              1
+
+  SECOND EVENING--
+      The Herdsman's Dogs chase Ursa Major and the terrible
+        Dragon wriggles away in fright                             12
+
+  THIRD EVENING--
+      Uncle Henry's magic turns the Lyre into a Ukelele, and
+        the Archer's arrow misses the Swan and hits the Scorpion   24
+
+  FOURTH EVENING--
+      The Virgin is too busy feeding her Sky Poultry, so
+        Cassiopeia gets the Ukelele to play                        31
+
+  FIFTH EVENING--
+      In which a Dolphin with an ear for music saves a Poet's
+        life--and Uncle Henry puts two birds in one poem           41
+
+  FIRST WINTER EVENING--
+      The "Society" learns why Orion needs a club to keep
+        Frisky Taurus in order, and why we say "By Jimini!" when
+        we're excited                                              52
+
+  SECOND WINTER EVENING--
+      In which the dogs of Orion and Gemini follow their
+        masters, Pegasus escapes as usual, and Andromeda gets a
+        nice soft bed of hay in place of her hard old rock         61
+
+  THIRD WINTER EVENING--
+      The Sky clouded over, but Peter found the Star People
+        hiding in the Almanac--Paul found that his head was the
+        World--and the "Society" found out about the Swastika and
+        the Zodiac, and how you tell when a Dipper is a Plough
+        and when it's a Wagon                                      78
+
+  FOURTH WINTER EVENING--
+      In which the "Society" meets the last of the Star People
+        and the beginning of Astronomy--and Betty proposes a
+        "Note" of thanks                                           99
+
+
+
+
+_TO HELP YOU FIND THE STAR PEOPLE IN THE SKY_
+
+_Whenever Uncle Henry draws a line to point out one of the star people
+you will find a figure, close to what he says, like this: (10)._
+
+_Find the same figure on one of the maps inside the front or back cover,
+and you will see the line that Uncle Henry drew--and find the star
+person or animal easily in the sky._
+
+_Numbers 1 to 17 can be located on the front cover maps. Numbers 18 to
+32 can be found on the maps inside the back cover._
+
+
+_To Use the Maps_
+
+_Face South and hold the map for the proper season over your head--with
+the top of the book toward the West and the bottom toward the East. You
+will then see the Star People in the same places they appear in the
+sky._
+
+_The maps are drawn for 9 o'clock on April 1st, July 1st, October 1st,
+and January 1st, but they will be found serviceable in the preceding and
+following month. When necessary consult the maps for the season coming
+before or after._
+
+
+WHERE TO FIND THE "PEOPLE" YOU WANT
+
+                                  _Where to  _Where to   _When You Can
+  _Names of     _How to           Look in    Look on     See Them in
+  Star People_  Pronounce_        the Book_  the Maps_   the Sky_
+
+  Andromeda    (an-dromˊ-e-dä)     Page 70   Number 25   Sept. to Feb.
+  Aquarius     (a-kwāˊ-ri-us)        "  50     "    19   Aug.  "  Dec.
+  Aquila       (akˊ-wi-lä)           "  48     "    17   June  "  Nov.
+  Aries        (aˊ-ri-ēz)            "  75     "    28   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Auriga       (â-riˊ-ga)            " 105     "    32   Oct.  "  June
+  Boötes       (bō-ōˊ-tez)           "  16     "     2   April "  Oct.
+  Cancer       (kanˊ-ser)            "  73     "    27   Jan.  "  June
+  Canes        (kāˊ-nez
+    Venatici     ve-natˊ-i-cī)       "  17     "     2   Feb.  "  Sept.
+  Canis Major  (kāˊ-nis māˊ-jor)     "  62     "    22   Jan.  "  April
+  Canis Minor  (kāˊ-nis mīˊ-nor)     "  72     "    26   Dec.  "  May
+  Capricornus  (kap-ri-kôrˊ-nus)     "  49     "    18   Aug.  "  Nov.
+  Cassiopeia   (kas-i-ō-pēˊ-ya)      "  35     "    12   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Cerberus     (seerˊ-ber-us)        "  38     "    14   April "  Nov.
+  Corona       (kō-rōˊ-nä
+    Borealis     bō-rē-aˊ-lis)       "  33     "    11   April "  Oct.
+  Cygnus       (sigˊ-nus)            "  21     "     4   June  "  Jan.
+  Delphinus    (del-fiˊ-nus)         "  44     "    16   June  "  Dec.
+  Draco        (drāˊ-ko)             "  23     "     5   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Gemini       (jemˊ-i-ni)           "  59     "    21   Dec.  "  June
+  Hercules     (herˊ-kū-lēz)         "  38     "    14   April "  Nov.
+  Leo          (leˊ-o)               "  20     "     3   Feb.  "  July
+  Leo Minor    (leˊ-o mī-nor)        "  20     "     3   Jan.  "  July
+  Lepus        (lēˊ-pus)             "  64     "         Dec.  "  March
+  Libra        (līˊ-bra)             "  36     "    13   May   "  Aug.
+  Lyra         (līˊ-ra)              "  25     "     6   April "  Dec.
+  Ophiuchus    (of-i-ūˊ-kus)         "  42     "    15   May   "  Oct.
+  Orion        (ō-rīˊ-on)            "  56     "    20   Nov.  "  April
+  Pegasus      (pegˊ-a-sus)          "  67     "    23   Aug.  "  Jan.
+  Perseus      (perˊ-sūs)            " 102     "    30   Sept. "  May
+  Pisces       (pisˊ-ēz)             "  76     "    29   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Sagitta      (sa-jitˊ-a)           "  26     "    16   June  "  Dec.
+  Sagittarius  (saj-i-tāˊ-ri-us)     "  27     "     7   July  "  Sept.
+  Scorpio      (skórˊ-pi-ō)          "  29     "     9   June  "  Sept.
+  Serpens      (serˊ-pens)           "  42     "    15   May   "  Oct.
+  Taurus       (tâˊ-rus)             "  58     "    20   Nov.  "  April
+  Triangulum   (trī-anˊ-gū-lum)      "  75     "    31   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Ursa Major   (erˊ-sa māˊ-jor)      "   7     "     1   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Ursa Minor   (erˊ-sa mīˊ-nor)      "  10     "     1   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Virgo        (verˊ-gō)             "  33     "    10   April "  Aug.
+
+
+STAR PEOPLE ON MAPS BUT NOT TALKED ABOUT BY "THE SOCIETY"
+
+  (a) Hydra (hīˊ-dra)    (d) Cepheus (sēfˊ-ūs)
+  (b) Crater (krāˊ-ter)  (e) Cetus (sēˊ-tus)
+  (c) Corvus (kôrˊ-vus)  (f) Eridanus (ē-ridˊ-a-nus)
+
+
+
+
+THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+FIRST EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE SOCIETY OF STAR-GAZERS IS FORMED AND DISCOVERS TWO
+    BEARS--ONE WITH A STRETCHED TAIL
+
+
+Uncle Henry sat on the porch of "Seven Oaks" Cottage, watching the new
+moon sink into the woods across Sand Lake.
+
+The ripples of the motor-boat that had carried "Sister" and "The
+Children's Father" away from the dock had gone from the glassy water.
+Over across the lake, at Pentecost station, they would catch the ten
+o'clock train, to be gone a week.
+
+Uncle Henry had urged "Sister" to go. He had said he was perfectly sure
+of being able to look after Peter and Paul and Betty for just seven
+days, but now that "Sister" was really gone Uncle Henry felt the size of
+the task he had undertaken.
+
+Of course he wasn't alone. There was big, wholesome Katy, the maid.
+"Competent Katy," he had at once named her to himself on his arrival two
+weeks before. The sleeping, eating, and dressing of twin ten-year-old
+boys and a seven-year-old girl would go on as usual without Uncle
+Henry's assistance.
+
+In the daytime he planned to take them fishing, berry-picking, sailing,
+and bathing. Target-practice with Peter and Paul's air-rifle would
+help, too, and there would be walks in the woods, and up to Brighton's
+farm house for the milk every evening.
+
+But between supper and bed was a gap that Uncle Henry thought might be
+hard to fill. He must think of some games. He didn't want to be a poor
+companion for his adored niece and nephews for even an hour of the time.
+
+Uncle Henry blew a cloud from his pipe and watched it eddy slowly away,
+filtering through the leaves of the oak-branches at the side of the
+porch. Then he looked up to the vaporous band of the milky way. Stars
+hung in it, sparkling. It was like a chiffon streamer with tiny diamond
+spangles--or a cloud of smoke, blown, with sparks, from the pipe of Pan.
+
+You will see right away that Uncle Henry was a poet, even if Pan's pipe
+wasn't the smoking kind. It might have been, as easy as not. Uncle Henry
+was wondering whether this last fancy might be made into a poem for his
+college paper, when the children's voices floated up from the beach.
+They were sitting on the smooth sand and singing in unison,
+
+    "Star bright, star-light--
+    Many's the star I see tonight.
+    Star bright, star-light--
+    Tell me, is it true?
+
+    I wish I may, I wish I might
+    Get the wish I wish tonight--
+    Star bright, star-light,
+    Tell me, is it true?"
+
+Uncle Henry took his feet off the porch-railing and allowed his chair
+to use all of its feet again. Then he leaned out by a post and looked
+straight up into the blue-black vault of a moonless July night sky. The
+stars were beautifully clear.
+
+Evidently Peter, Paul, and Betty were singing praise to the fact. They
+had clapped enthusiastically for themselves, and were now beginning the
+encore--a repetition of "Star bright, star-light."
+
+Uncle Henry's face had become thoughtful, and now he stepped down from
+the porch, and strolled down the boards to the dock. There he stood
+craning his neck backward and looking up, until the children had once
+more finished the verse, laughing and clapping. Evidently the applause
+for themselves was not enough this time, for there was no encore.
+
+Peter, his eye on Uncle Henry, flopped down on his back and began gazing
+upward, too. In a moment he called,
+
+"Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Yes, Pete," from the dock, where Uncle Henry was star-gazing in the
+opposite direction.
+
+"Why do they call 'the big dipper' the 'great bear'--and _is_ there any
+'little dipper'? Betty says there isn't, 'cause she never saw it."
+
+Uncle Henry stepped off the dock upon the smooth sand, kneeled down, and
+without answering began collecting little smooth pebbles.
+
+Peter sat up and asked in surprise,
+
+"Don't _you_ know, Uncle Hen?"
+
+Surely this genius, who could make new kinds of kites, and
+willow-whistles that "worked fine," was not going to fail now. The
+other children turned to him, expectant too. Betty herself was willing
+to be proved wrong about the existence of the "little dipper," rather
+than admit a limit to Uncle Henry's wisdom.
+
+"Let's make a nice, smooth place on the sand," said Uncle Henry, his
+hands now full of those mysterious pebbles. These he put into his pocket
+and began, on all fours, to smooth sand industriously.
+
+"Come on, youngsters," he invited, "and I'll let you settle the
+questions yourselves. We'll make a game of it," he added.
+
+The trio breathed easier. Uncle Henry _did_ know, and was going to
+tell--in a new, interesting way. Three pairs of hands started smoothing
+sand, with some waste of energy, but with rapid results.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, squatting down before the leveled place, and
+pouring out the pebbles in a little pile, "how many stones do you need
+to make the dipper, Pete? We'll draw it on the sand, with pebbles for
+stars."
+
+Three necks craned upward in unison, and the two boys' voices answered,
+almost together,
+
+"Seven."
+
+Betty gazed a moment longer, and said,
+
+"Eight."
+
+Uncle Henry looked interested.
+
+"Where do you see the eighth, Betty?" he asked.
+
+"Right close where the handle bends," announced Betty.
+
+"Correct," said Uncle Henry, "that shows you have good eyes. The Arabs
+used to call that little star 'the proof,' because it is a test of good
+eyesight to see it. The star at the bend of the handle is also called
+'the horse,' and that faint little star over it 'the rider.' You can
+make the dipper itself with seven pebbles, though. Go ahead and do it,
+Peter," Uncle Henry finished, "and take good-sized stones, to show that
+they're bright stars."
+
+When Peter had finished, the smooth patch of sand looked like this in
+the light from Uncle Henry's pocket electric torch.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty insisted upon adding a tiny stone above "the horse," to represent
+her discovery, "the rider."
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, looking upward, "I'll help you this much in
+finding all of 'the great bear.' The handle of the dipper is his tail.
+Everybody try to find the rest of him. Put down a pebble in the right
+spot for every star; big ones for bright ones, and little stones for
+faint ones."
+
+"Ooh," interrupted Betty, "I got his nose!"
+
+Here is where Betty put it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"--and his shoulders!" she added in a moment, putting them in with small
+pebbles.
+
+"I got his front leg!" announced Paul excitedly, adding three pebbles
+rapidly.
+
+Then the bear looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+It was Peter who contributed his hind legs and his "skeleton," made of
+finger-drawn lines in the sand. Like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And when Uncle Henry had drawn an outline in the sand with his finger,
+the "great bear" was done to everybody's satisfaction.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+While they were all looking at it, Uncle Henry recited,
+
+    "_Ursa Major_'s Latin--
+    And it means, 'the greater bear.'
+    _Ursa_'s 'bear,' and _Major_'s 'bigger,'
+    If you want to see his 'figger,'
+    At the dipper's handle stare--
+    That's the tail of _Ursa Major_.
+    Find his shoulders, nose, and toes--
+    Who first named him, no one knows."
+
+"Did you say, 'Noah'--or 'no one,' Uncle Henry?" asked Betty.
+
+"I said, 'no one,' but have it 'Noah' if you like," said Uncle Henry.
+"Maybe Noah named him. He was interested in animals, and Adam ought not
+to have the only right to name them."
+
+"Now let's find the little dipper!" urged Peter, anxious for a victory
+over Betty's doubts of its existence.
+
+"When we find it," announced Uncle Henry solemnly, "it won't be a dipper
+at all; it will be another bear--a little bear. You know that Noah had
+two of everything in his ark."
+
+"I told you there wasn't any little dipper!" shrilled Betty at Peter.
+
+"Uncle Henry said we'd find it, though," countered Peter, looking
+hopefully at the oracle.
+
+"So we will," laughed Uncle Henry, "the little dipper and the little
+bear are the same thing!"
+
+"Come on!" urged Paul, "how do we start, Uncle Henry?"
+
+Uncle Henry got up on his knees and drew a long straight line in the
+sand with his forefinger. (1) It went up through both stars in the
+middle of the great bear's body, and a long way beyond. Over three times
+the distance between the two stars the line went beyond them. Uncle
+Henry put down a fair-sized pebble at the end.
+
+"There," he said, "is the tip of the little bear's tail. Go ahead and
+find him; but I warn you--it's a very long tail, and you'll have to
+imagine his legs and nose."
+
+There was a moment's silence. Then Peter said,
+
+"I can't see any bear, but I _can_ make out a dipper."
+
+"Make it," said Uncle Henry.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When Peter finished putting down little pebbles the little dipper was
+very plain, just above the great bear's back.
+
+Then Uncle Henry solemnly drew an outline around the seven small
+pebbles.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Oooh, what a funny bear!" laughed Betty, when Uncle Henry's finger had
+finished. "His tail is so _long_!"
+
+"Bears always have _short_ tails," said Peter, looking reproachfully at
+Uncle Henry, as if that person was responsible. There was, however, a
+note of expectancy in Peter's voice. He expected a satisfactory
+explanation from Uncle Henry.
+
+"This bear _once_ had as short a tail as any other bear," said Uncle
+Henry, quite undisturbed.
+
+"Who stretched it?" inquired Paul breathlessly.
+
+"You will note," began Uncle Henry, "that the tip of the little bear's
+tail is a star that is right at the top of the North Pole. You can't
+_see_ the pole, but it's there--and long ago somebody tied the tip of
+the little bear's tail fast to it. As the earth turned around year after
+year, and the pole turned with it, the little bear was swung round and
+round by his tail. That would make anybody's tail stretch, wouldn't it?"
+
+There was a moment's quiet. Then Peter said roguishly,
+
+"You can't kid us into believing that, Uncle Hen--but we'll sure
+remember it."
+
+All Uncle Henry said was,
+
+"Your mother doesn't like you to talk slang, Peter."
+
+Uncle Henry had scored again, and knew it.
+
+"To-morrow night we'll find the dragon, and the man who drives the great
+bear around the pole, and his dogs, and maybe the lions and the swan,"
+promised Uncle Henry, as he looked at his watch and stood up.
+
+"Oooh, great!" cried the trio together.
+
+"We'll have a reg'lar Noah's Ark on that sand, won't we?" said Betty.
+
+"We'll call it 'Noah's Ark in the Sky,'" Uncle Henry agreed, as the
+children followed him up the walk to Seven Oaks Cottage.
+
+
+
+
+SECOND EVENING
+
+  THE HERDSMAN'S DOGS CHASE URSA MAJOR--AND THE TERRIBLE DRAGON
+    WRIGGLES AWAY IN FRIGHT
+
+
+The next evening Peter, Paul, and Betty were all down on the beach as
+soon as supper was over.
+
+Peter and Paul had that morning made a fence of laths around the sand
+drawings of the two bears--big, and little, so that "Rags," their
+Airedale puppy, could not spoil them.
+
+Now that "Rags" was asleep under the cottage, Peter and Paul removed
+the fence and smoothed the sand carefully for several yards around the
+bears, while Betty collected a quite unnecessarily large number of
+pebbles to represent the stars that would be found, with Uncle Henry's
+help, when the twilight faded.
+
+When all this was done the trio sat down beside the smoothed space and
+called to Uncle Henry, on the porch, that one star was already out and
+he had better hurry.
+
+"I'll come when you can see _Ursa Major's_ tail," called back Uncle
+Henry, and the children had to wait, although they shrilly announced
+each new star that glowed into sight in the darkening sky, and
+repeatedly urged Uncle Henry to "come on and begin!"
+
+The seven stars of the big dipper were all plainly visible when Uncle
+Henry came down the board walk and sat cross-legged on the sand.
+
+The first thing he did was to extend the line joining the last two
+pebbles in the great bear's tail until it was about five times as long
+as before, and curved slightly downward as it went. (2)
+
+"Now, Betty," he said, "give me a pebble--a good big one. This is a
+bright star we'll begin with; see if you can find it," and Uncle Henry
+put down the pebble at the end of the line, like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The three exclaimed, "I see it!" almost together.
+
+"All right, then, we'll find '_Boötes_,' the herdsman who drives _Ursa
+Major_ round the pole," said Uncle Henry. "He has two dogs to help him
+besides. We'll find them too."
+
+The children gazed upward for some time, intently silent.
+
+"I guess," observed Betty finally, "that you'll have to tell us whether
+that big star is the bear-driver's head--or one of his 'booties,' Uncle
+Henry."
+
+A duet of groans from Peter and Paul followed this example of the lowest
+form of wit.
+
+"I can't see anything that looks like a man the least bit," she went on,
+oblivious of the groans, "but I can see a kite, with that big star at
+the place where the tail would be fastened on."
+
+"Fine," said Uncle Henry, "Make the kite then, Betty--and then we'll
+find the herdsman after we've flown the kite a while. That's the
+wonderful thing about Starland. If you get tired of one of the beasts
+or people in it--presto! You can change him into anything he looks
+like to you. _Boötes_ is really much more like a kite than a man, so
+let's make the kite. Put the pebbles down, Betty."
+
+Betty did, and they looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"That was easy!" exclaimed Peter.
+
+"Never you mind, Mr. Peter!" Betty burst out warmly, "I found it first,
+anyhow!"
+
+"We'll let Peter find the bear-driver's head," said Uncle Henry
+judicially.
+
+Peter promptly picked the big star at the tail-end of the kite.
+
+"You're wrong," said Uncle Henry, "but I don't blame you. _Arcturus_ is
+much too bright and beautiful to be only a big, bright button on the
+lower edge of _Boötes'_ shepherd's kilt--but that is all it is. The star
+at the top end of the kite is his head, and the two stars at the ends of
+the cross-stick of the kite are his shoulders. About halfway from them
+to _Arcturus_ you can find the belt of his kilt, and----"
+
+"Oh, I see his legs!" interrupted Paul. "He's running after the big
+bear."
+
+"Put them in, Paul," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Paul did, and the figure of _Boötes_ grew to look like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"But he hasn't any arms!" said Peter.
+
+"Yes, he has," explained Uncle Henry, "his left one is up in the air,
+and his right one holds a shepherd's crook upon his right shoulder. Like
+this."
+
+Uncle Henry added pebbles and lines until _Boötes_ was finished.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"What awful short legs he has!" criticised Betty.
+
+"That must be why he's never caught the great bear," smiled Uncle Henry.
+
+"What's he shaking his fist for?" inquired Paul, pointing to the
+herdsman's left hand. "Is he so mad because he can't catch _Ursa
+Major_?"
+
+Uncle Henry did not reply, but drew two long lines from the uplifted
+hand downward to a point just below the end of the big bear's tail.
+
+"Oh, I know!" piped Betty, and throwing herself on her back, she began
+to star-gaze industriously.
+
+Peter and Paul looked at each other inquiringly.
+
+"The dogs!" said Peter. "Betty's looking for them. They're on leash of
+course. Those lines are the leashes."
+
+Uncle Henry smiled his pleasure.
+
+"The hunting dogs--or, as you would say it in Latin, _Canes Venatici_,
+are largely imaginary. There are six stars--three in each dog, and all
+faint except one, named _Cor Caroli_."
+
+"I see the bright one!" said Peter, and put down a fair-sized pebble to
+represent it. When the children had found the five other faint stars and
+Uncle Henry had finished drawing the dogs, _Boötes_ and his hunting
+hounds, _Asterion_ and _Chara_, looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Why do they call the bright star at the tail of _Chara_, _Cor Caroli_,
+Uncle Henry?" asked Paul.
+
+"It is Latin for 'heart of Charles,'" said Uncle Henry, "and the Charles
+they mean is Charles the Second of England, but don't ask me why, for
+I don't know. Perhaps the dog _Chara_ ran away with _Cor Caroli_. I
+understand that Charles the Second lost his heart pretty often, and
+perhaps one time he didn't get it back. Beware, Paul! I am Father
+William out of Alice in Wonderland; 'you have asked me three questions
+and that is enough.'"
+
+"Are you going to make a poem for us to-night, too?" inquired Betty
+hopefully.
+
+"Let me see," said Uncle Henry thoughtfully. "Great bear, _Boötes_,
+pronounced Bō-ō-tees, and two dogs--they ought to make some kind
+of a poem. How's this? I'll let you name it after you've heard it."
+
+    "The big bear runs, the herdsman runs,
+    His dogs, they both are chasing.
+
+    While Ursa growls, Boötes howls,
+    His dogs, they both are barking.
+
+    For Ursa stole Boötes' bowl
+    Of hot milk, set acooling.
+
+    His mouth burns yet, the bowl's upset,
+    The milky way is streaming."
+
+"The milky way to catch a bear," suggested Paul, as a name for the
+poem.
+
+"Who spilt the milk?" volunteered Peter.
+
+"The herdsman hasn't ever caught _Ursa Major_," said Betty reflectively,
+"so he's wasting his time chasing him. 'Don't cry over spilt milk' would
+be a good title, I think. He ought to be tending his silly sheep, if he
+has any."
+
+"I've got it!" exclaimed Peter, "'Ursa was a big bear; Ursa was a
+thief.' Like 'Taffy the Welshman,' you know."
+
+Since no one else had a better title, the "Society of Star-Gazers," as
+Paul had named it, let it go at that, and allowed Boötes to persist in
+his pursuit of the great bear for his ancient mischief.
+
+"I thought you were going to show us the lions to-night, Uncle Hen,"
+said Peter.
+
+"So I am, Peter," said Uncle Henry. "Tell me what you see just below and
+between _Ursa Major's_ hind feet."
+
+All the children looked, and Peter answered,
+
+"Three faint stars, like a triangle."
+
+"Put them in with pebbles," said Uncle Henry, and Peter did.
+
+"That's one lion; the little one. Now we'll find the big one and draw
+them both."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Then Uncle Henry drew a long line through the two stars at the root of
+the great bear's tail, and extended it to the three little pebbles in a
+triangle under the bear's feet, and through the triangle, and beyond as
+far again. At the end of this line he put a large pebble. (3)
+
+"There," said Uncle Henry, "is the star _Regulus_, which is in the big
+lion's heart. See if you can find the rest of him."
+
+Betty soon picked out the lion's head, and Paul added his hind quarters,
+and when Uncle Henry had drawn outlines around both big and little lions
+they looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now show us the Swan," urged Peter.
+
+"Yes, and the Dragon!" reminded Paul.
+
+"You children haven't forgotten a single one I promised," laughed Uncle
+Henry. "Well, here goes; everybody find the dipper again."
+
+Everybody did.
+
+"Now draw a line straight up through the middle of the dipper's bowl and
+keep on with it a little over three times the length of the dipper's
+handle. (4) Put a large pebble there and see if you can find the star.
+It's in the swan's tail, and he looks as if he was flying overhead, with
+his wings spread, and his long neck stretched out ahead of him."
+
+"Is he sort of like a cross?" inquired Betty after a moment.
+
+"Right," said Uncle Henry. "Put him in with pebbles."
+
+This shows how to find and draw the swan the way the children and Uncle
+Henry did.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now the dragon, Uncle Hen!" urged Peter.
+
+"Are you sure," said Uncle Henry, "that you promise not to have any bad
+dreams about the dragon if I show him to you before you go to bed?"
+
+"Sure!" chorused the Society of Star-Gazers.
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "the dragon is very terrible, but he is afraid
+of bears, so he is squirming away as fast as he can from them. He is
+wriggling a little faster too, because _Ursa Major_ is on one side of
+him and _Ursa Minor_ on the other. Draw a line through the stars in the
+tips of the swan's wings, back toward the head of the bear-driver, and
+you'll find the dragon's head about halfway. (5) It's a little triangle
+of stars, and from that the dragon's body winds around the little bear's
+body and down above the big bear's back."
+
+"I see all of him!" exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Here are the pebbles," said Uncle Henry, "put the dragon, or _Draco_,
+where he belongs."
+
+Paul did, and Uncle Henry finished him.
+
+"To-morrow night," said Uncle Henry, "we'll find some more of the star
+people and sky animals. They even have musical instruments in this
+Skyland of ours, so we'll find the lyre that the sky ladies play on! One
+of the sky gentlemen is a great archer, too, so we'll find him shooting
+his bow and arrow at a giant scorpion, and----"
+
+"Oh, let's find _that_ now!" pleaded Peter and Paul in unison.
+
+Betty did not join in the chorus. She was asleep, with her head in Uncle
+Henry's lap.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"To-morrow night," smiled Uncle Henry. "Betty will want to hear, too,
+about the sky lady's mandolin, or harp, or lyre, or whatever it is."
+
+Then he picked up the little girl without waking her, and the boys
+followed him up the walk into "Seven Oaks"--and bed.
+
+
+
+
+THIRD EVENING
+
+  UNCLE HENRY'S MAGIC TURNS THE LYRE INTO A UKELELE--AND THE
+    ARCHER'S ARROW MISSES THE LOVELY SWAN AND HITS THE HORRID
+    SCORPION
+
+
+Betty had been informed by her brothers that Uncle Henry had promised,
+after she fell asleep, to show the lyre that the star ladies play when
+they have nothing else to do.
+
+Since she had a new ukelele herself, and was learning to play it, her
+interest in all stringed instruments was keen, and as soon as the
+Society of Star-Gazers had come together on the beach the next evening,
+she demanded that the lyre be found.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "find the swan's wing, on the side of
+him toward the dragon. Get that? Well then, look for a very bright star
+between that wing and the swan's neck, and about the length of the
+swan's neck away from the tip of the wing. You can't miss it, for it's
+the brightest star anywhere near. Its name is _Vega_, and some one has
+called it 'the arc-light of the sky.'" (6)
+
+"I see it!" cried Betty and the boys together.
+
+"Look for two smaller stars that make a triangle with _Vega_, and then
+for three more that make a long diamond shape. That's right, Peter, put
+down the pebbles and finish the lyre."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It's sort of a harp on a foot!" said Betty in disappointment. "I want
+to make a ukelele of it."
+
+"Sure, easy as breathing," agreed Uncle Henry, and promptly rubbed out
+_Lyra_ from the sand, and made it over.
+
+After all, Betty was the baby and might have her own way whenever Uncle
+Henry had anything to say about it. And let no one say that the ancients
+had all the imagination, after seeing the ukelele that Uncle Henry made
+of _Lyra_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"We strive to please," he said as it was finished, and Betty clapped her
+hands.
+
+"Now we want to see the archer shoot the giant scorpion!" demanded Paul,
+speaking for the masculine part of the audience.
+
+"Just a minute," said Uncle Henry, "I'm coming to him. You can see one
+of his arrows if you look on the other side of the swan's neck, just
+opposite to Betty's ukelele. The archer shot at the swan and missed it."
+
+"Serves him right for trying to kill the beautiful swan. I love 'em!'"
+said Betty, with feeling.
+
+"You'll need to use very small pebbles," warned Uncle Henry, "for
+_Sagitta_ is rather small and quite faint."
+
+"What's _Sagitta_?" asked Peter.
+
+"Latin for 'arrow,'" said Uncle Henry.
+
+When the arrow was found and drawn, it was in this position.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now the archer!" demanded Paul.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry. "Paul, draw a line straight out from the
+head of the swan, right on in the direction he is flying, and go about
+twice the length of the swan's neck." (7)
+
+Paul did.
+
+"Now tell me," asked Uncle Henry, "does anybody see anything, about
+there, that looks like a bow and arrow?"
+
+The children searched the sky at a point a little over two swan's necks
+ahead of the swan's bill, and Peter cried triumphantly,
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"I see it! I see it!"
+
+"Make it then," said Uncle Henry, "and keep the bow in the right
+position to the swan's neck."
+
+When Peter had all the pebbles in their right positions, Uncle Henry
+drew in the archer's body, and bow and arrow, and they looked like this:
+
+"He's just getting ready to shoot at the scorpion!" exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and the other star people have to look out
+too. The people who lived long ago called _Sagittarius_, our archer,
+"the Bull Killer." They did this because when the stars of the archer
+rise in the east, they seem to drive all the stars of _Taurus_,
+the Bull, over the western edge of the world. So they said that
+_Sagittarius_ killed off the Bull. We'll find _Taurus_ next winter."
+
+"Now let's find the scorpion," urged Peter.
+
+"Wait a minute!" begged Betty, "I see another dipper."
+
+Peter was impatient. Dippers were not interesting, compared with giant
+scorpions.
+
+"Betty," he remarked, "wouldn't believe there _was_ a little dipper a
+few nights ago, and now she's seeing 'em everywhere."
+
+But Betty had her way as usual, and the Society of Star-Gazers paused
+before passing on to the scorpion.
+
+"Where do you see the new dipper, Betty?" Uncle Henry inquired with
+interest.
+
+"It's right back of the leg the archer is kneeling on." (8)
+
+"You're quite right," Uncle Henry agreed, "and it's called 'the milk
+dipper,' because it's right on the edge of the milky way."
+
+"Why that's the bowl _Ursa Major_ tried to get _Boötes'_ hot milk out
+of, and burned his mouth, and upset!" explained Betty, with a sudden
+inspiration.
+
+"So it is," agreed Uncle Henry, "although I must confess I never
+thought of the milk dipper when I made up that rhyme for you
+youngsters."
+
+"Now the scorpion!" insisted Peter.
+
+"Oh, have your old scorpion, then, Mr. Peter!" exploded Betty, "I don't
+want to see the horrid thing. I'm going to the cottage and show Katy the
+milk dipper."
+
+And she went.
+
+So it was with Peter and Paul alone that Uncle Henry found the scorpion
+that _Sagittarius_, the archer, is always aiming at. (9) It would have
+been easy for Betty to find, for it really looks a good deal like a
+scorpion. See if you don't think so when you've found it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+After Uncle Henry had shown the boys how the big, red star, called
+_Antares_, in the heart of the scorpion, has a reddish color, Peter
+suggested that it was probably red because the Archer had already shot
+an arrow through the scorpion's heart, and made it bleed.
+
+After that, since neither the boys nor Uncle Henry ever wanted Betty
+left out of anything, and since they knew she would have stayed if Peter
+and she hadn't wanted different things at the same time, the Society of
+Star-Gazers adjourned until the next evening.
+
+On the porch, however, Uncle Henry made up this poem and repeated it to
+Peter and Paul before they went in to bed.
+
+    "The Scorpion's heart has bled,
+    Antares-star is red,
+    The Archer made an arrow-wound,
+    But Scorpio isn't dead.
+
+    The Archer draws his strong-bow,
+    To shoot a sharp new arrow,
+    I hope he hits the Scorpion,
+    And kills the poisonous fellow."
+
+
+
+
+FOURTH EVENING
+
+  THE VIRGIN IS TOO BUSY FEEDING HER SKY POULTRY, SO CASSIOPEIA
+    GETS THE UKELELE TO PLAY
+
+
+Betty, in spite of her pretended lack of curiosity about the scorpion,
+was down on the beach the next evening ahead of the other members of the
+Society of Star-Gazers. Uncle Henry found her in the twilight, sitting
+cross-legged before the sand-drawing of _Scorpio_.
+
+As she searched the southern sky to find the constellation, she was
+singing Uncle Henry's verses about the archer and _Scorpio_ over and
+over, to a tune of her own improvising.
+
+The boys had made bows and arrows from green saplings during the morning
+and had raced about for some time with "Rags," in search of giant
+scorpions to shoot at. They discovered them in the most unexpected
+objects--trees, rocks, and even boats. The hunt had been accompanied by
+a war chant, with the scorpion verses for words. It was a faint echo of
+this that Betty was crooning to herself now.
+
+As Uncle Henry approached her she looked up at him and said,
+
+"Aren't there any ladies among the star people, Uncle Henry? You told
+about the lyre that they play on, but you haven't shown any of them to
+us."
+
+"Well, Betty," said Uncle Henry, sitting down beside her, "there are
+several ladies in our star country, but only two of them are in our
+sight in the summer time. Let's get the boys and we'll find both the
+ladies and take a vote to decide which of them shall have your
+lyre-ukelele to play on."
+
+Betty called, in her high little voice, for Peter and Paul to hurry, and
+they raced down from the porch with "Rags" in tow.
+
+"Uncle Hen," asked Peter, "'Rags' wants to know if there aren't any more
+dogs in the sky?" "Sure," said Uncle Henry, "sky folks are very fond of
+dogs. We've found the two that belong to the herdsman. Besides them,
+there are two others, but we can't see them 'til next winter. And, of
+course, there's _Cerberus_, the ugly, monstrous three-headed dog that
+Hercules killed. We'll find him to-night."
+
+"Oh, that's great!" said Peter, and he and Paul settled down with "Rags"
+between them. "Rags" looked expectantly at Uncle Henry, who said,
+
+"But first I've promised Betty to find the sky ladies that we can see
+now, and let one of them have the ukelele."
+
+"Rags'" ears dropped and he lost interest. Peter and Paul, however,
+remembering Betty's temper of the previous evening, said,
+
+"Of course, ladies first."
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "everybody find _Arcturus_ in the hem of
+_Boötes'_ kilt. Get that? Well, then, draw a line in the sand, Betty,
+from _Boötes'_ right shoulder through _Arcturus_, and extend the line
+about as far again. (10) Then look in the sky at that point for a bright
+star."
+
+"I see it!" cried Betty. The boys picked it out next moment.
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "it doesn't look much like an ear of corn,
+does it? That's what it is, though; an ear of corn held in the Virgin's
+left hand. Its name, _Spica_, means just that. The Virgin is scattering
+grains from the ear of corn with her right hand, to attract the birds of
+Starland--the swan, the eagle, and the dove. We'll find the eagle a
+little later on, but the dove is so far south that we never see it well.
+The boys and girls in South America see Noah's dove, but we can't."
+
+"Now," continued Uncle Henry, "follow along northward from _Spica_ to
+a point just below the big lion's tail. There is the Virgin's head.
+Between it and _Spica_ are two fairly bright stars. The one nearest
+_Spica_ is the Virgin's shoulder. Her left arm hangs at her side, from
+the shoulder to _Spica_, while her right arm extends in the direction of
+the great bear's tail. Put down the pebbles as fast as you find the
+stars, Betty."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When Betty and Uncle Henry had finished the Virgin, or _Virgo_, as she
+is called in Latin, she looked like this:
+
+Then Uncle Henry added the little half circle of small pebbles, with one
+larger one near the centre, shown in the picture just at the left of
+Boötes. (11)
+
+"What is that, Uncle Henry?" asked all the children at once.
+
+"Do you see it in the sky?" he asked,
+
+The children quickly found it.
+
+"What does it look like, then?"
+
+Peter thought it was a handful of corn-grains from _Virgo's_ hand.
+
+Betty said, "A necklace."
+
+"That's nearest right," said Uncle Henry. "It is called _Corona
+Borealis_, or the Northern Crown. That brightest star is named _Gemma_,
+so you see it might be a gem in a necklace, too. The Virgin looks as if
+she was going to bend over and pick it up. Perhaps she will some day."
+
+"I think," said Paul, "that she's too busy a person to give Betty's
+ukelele to. Who's the other lady?"
+
+"I quite agree with you," said Uncle Henry. "The Virgin seems very
+much occupied. Well, there is another lady in Starland. Her name is
+_Cassiopeia_, and since she has nothing to do but sit in a chair,
+perhaps Betty will let _Cassiopeia_ have the ukelele to play. _Virgo_
+won't be jealous, either, because she is clear across the sky from
+_Cassiopeia_; too far away to see. A long line drawn across the sky from
+_Spica_ through the pole star in the little bear's tail-tip will reach
+_Cassiopeia_. (12)
+
+"She is easy to find, because she looks just like a big letter W. Does
+anybody see it?"
+
+The trio all found the W very quickly. You will, too, for it is very
+conspicuous in the northeastern sky in July and August. Uncle Henry
+showed the children that _Cassiopeia's_ W had to be turned upside down,
+into an M, before she could be made to sit in her chair properly.
+
+Here is how _Cassiopeia_ looked:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"She hasn't a blessed thing to do. We'll give the lyre to her," said
+Betty.
+
+"I am glad to hear that you are going to give the ukelele to
+_Cassiopeia_," said Uncle Henry. "Perhaps it will make her feel
+happier. She has had a rather sad life. Long ago _Cassiopeia_ was
+queen of _Æthiopia_, and was very beautiful. But she was so proud of
+her good looks that she boasted herself prettier than the lovely
+sea-nymphs. This made Neptune, the god of the sea, so angry that he
+sent one of his worst sea-monsters to make trouble along the shore of
+_Cassiopeia's_ country.
+
+"And as if that wasn't bad enough, Neptune demanded _Cassiopeia's_
+daughter _Andromeda_ as a sacrifice.
+
+"So you see it seems good to see _Cassiopeia_ getting a little justice
+done her, if it's only the present of a ukelele."
+
+"Teacher says," piped up Betty, "that the lady's statue on top of the
+Court House is '_Justice_.' What does she have that little pair of
+scales in her hand for, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"The scales are to help her in weighing the good and bad that people
+do," explained Uncle Henry, "and speaking of scales, there's a pair of
+them in the sky, too. If you will look between the _Scorpio_ and the
+Virgin you will find the scales. (13) They are called _Libra_, which is
+Latin for 'balance.' There are four main stars in _Libra_, which make an
+oblong."
+
+This is how _Libra_, the balance, looked when the children and Uncle
+Henry had finished drawing it:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Peter, with an air of having shown great patience, "we want
+to see that three-headed dog. I forgot his name."
+
+"_Cerberus_," said Uncle Henry, "But in order to find him we'll have to
+find _Hercules_, the great strong man, for _Hercules_ has _Cerberus_
+fast by one of his throats and is beating at his three ugly heads with a
+big club. At the same time, _Hercules_ has his left foot on the dragon's
+head, so you see he is kept busy."
+
+"Where do we begin?" asked Paul, impatiently.
+
+"Draw a line," said Uncle Henry, "from _Vega_ in the ukelele to _Gemma_
+in the _Northern Crown_; the Virgin's necklace we found a while ago, you
+know."
+
+Paul did it. (14)
+
+"Now," directed Uncle Henry, "look about half-way between, and you'll
+find _Hercules'_ legs. His left leg is nearly straight, but his right
+has the knee bent a little. _Hercules'_ legs and the sides of his body
+and his belt make sort of an H shape."
+
+"Oh, I see it!" exclaimed Peter. "Shall I make him, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Sure, go ahead, Pete; and the rest of you watch for _Hercules'_ head
+and arms."
+
+When the children had put down pebbles to represent all the stars in
+_Hercules_, and had connected them with lines in the sand, _Hercules_
+looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Oh," broke out Betty, excitedly, "he's got the ugly dog in his left
+hand!"
+
+Then she added the three heads of _Cerberus_, and it was Uncle Henry's
+turn to draw in the outline of _Hercules_, and complete the picture,
+like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"You have probably read," said Uncle Henry, "about the twelve great
+labors _Hercules_ performed. He had to be very strong to do them, but of
+course he was born that way. They say he even rose up out of his cradle
+and strangled two serpents that the goddess _Juno_ sent to destroy him."
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers became very enthusiastic about _Hercules_
+after he was all finished. So will you when you see how big and strong
+and beautiful he is, almost straight over your head in the summer sky
+just after dark. You will enjoy him more if you lie on your back to
+look, as the Society of Star-Gazers did on the beach.
+
+While they were all flat on the sand, looking up into the great
+blue-black, star-sprinkled bowl, Uncle Henry made up this poem, and
+recited it before the Society adjourned for the night:
+
+    "Hercules the strong man--
+      Feel his muscle!
+      Feel his muscle!
+
+    Hercules the strong man--
+      See him tussle!
+      See him tussle!
+
+    Right hand holds a club--
+      I can see;
+      I can see.
+
+    Left hand grips a throat--
+      One of three;
+      One of three.
+
+    Three-head dogs are freaks--
+      Queer to us;
+      Queer to us.
+
+    That's because you never saw--
+      Cerberus;
+      Cerberus.
+
+
+
+
+FIFTH EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH A DOLPHIN WITH AN EAR FOR MUSIC SAVES A POET'S
+    LIFE--AND UNCLE HENRY PUTS TWO BIRDS IN ONE POEM
+
+
+During the next day Peter and Paul had seen a blue-racer in the grass,
+and, with Rags' assistance, had chased it off into the woods behind the
+cottage.
+
+So it was only natural for Peter to ask Uncle Henry whether there were
+any snakes among the star creatures.
+
+Uncle Henry had said, "Two," and promised to show the children a very
+big one, and an old man having a struggle with it besides.
+
+Peter and Paul were expectantly waiting on the sand when Uncle Henry and
+Betty came down from the porch that evening after dark.
+
+"Now," said Peter, "where's the snake, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We'll begin with his head," said Uncle Henry. "Everybody find the
+northern crown, or _Virgo's_ necklace, and _Hercules'_ club. Now look
+just between them and you will see five stars in a sort of little cross,
+quite close together. Get that?" (15)
+
+The children soon found all five and put down little stones to represent
+them on the sand.
+
+"All right, then; now trace a line from star to star, down toward
+_Scorpio_, and then across toward the archer, and then up in the
+direction of the swan. That line is the _Serpent_. It is writhing in the
+hands of _Ophiuchus_, the old man who is called 'The Serpent-bearer.'
+His head and _Hercules'_ head are only a little way apart. Look for a
+bright star just east of the bright one in the head of _Hercules_ and
+you will have the head of _Ophiuchus_. Then look where his shoulders
+would naturally come and you will see two stars close together in each
+shoulder. Find them?"
+
+The children did, and placed pebbles for the head and shoulders of
+_Ophiuchus_.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "draw two long lines down from the shoulders,
+through the Serpent and beyond, and you will have the old man's body,
+legs and feet. One foot is just in front of the archer's bow; the other
+is just above the red heart of _Scorpio_. You will have to imagine his
+arms, and his hands holding the serpent while it squirms."
+
+When all the pebbles were down and all the lines were drawn, _Ophiuchus_
+and the serpent, or _Serpens_ in Latin, looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Are there any more snakes, Uncle Hen?" inquired Paul expectantly.
+
+"Yes, a sea-serpent made of very faint stars," said Uncle Henry, "but he
+is rather hard to trace out and the only other creature I have left now
+that is anything like a snake is a dolphin, or porpoise, and he isn't
+much like one. We'll find him, anyway, and then if you prefer to make a
+sea-horse out of the dolphin, or _Delphinus_, as you would say in Latin,
+why go ahead and do it. The animals in Starland are very obliging. They
+will turn into anything you like to see in them."
+
+"Where is the dolphin, Uncle Henry?" asked Betty.
+
+"Well," said he, "draw a line through the beak of the swan and the
+arrow, or _Sagitta_, and it will strike _Delphinus_. (16) The arrow is
+about halfway between the swan and the dolphin. See it?"
+
+The children soon found the dolphin and mapped his skeleton with
+pebbles. Then Uncle Henry put it to a vote of the Society of Star-Gazers
+whether _Delphinus_ should be finished up as a dolphin or a sea-horse.
+The vote was two to one for the sea-horse.
+
+Uncle Henry drew a sigh of relief; he didn't know quite what a dolphin
+looked like, and he had seen a picture of a sea-horse in the dictionary
+only the day before. So _Delphinus_ turned out to look like this. If you
+insist on having him a dolphin, why draw him differently yourself:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"I wonder," said Betty thoughtfully, "who rides the sea-horses. Do the
+mermaids, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"I don't know about the mermaids," he answered, "but I do know that an
+ancient poet and musician, named _Arion_, was saved from drowning by
+riding to shore on a dolphin. It was like this:
+
+"Arion had gone from his home on the island of Lesbos to Italy, and
+while there had made a great deal of money by his singing."
+
+"Just like Caruso in New York," exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and also like Caruso, _Arion_ decided to go
+home for a visit. Well, on the way to Lesbos the sailors decided to
+murder _Arion_ and get all the money he was taking home with him. He had
+gone on a regular pirate ship you see. The pirates were all ready to
+kill _Arion_, but he begged so hard to play just one little melody on
+his lute before he died that the pirate sailors said, 'Yes, he might
+play just one.' You would hardly believe it, but the melody that _Arion_
+played was so catchy and tuneful that it attracted a number of dolphins,
+who began to dance and turn somersaults about the ship. Then _Arion_
+watched his chance--and jumped over-board--and one of the friendly,
+music-loving dolphins carried him back to Lesbos on his back."
+
+"My, but I'm glad he got away from those awful pirates!" cried Betty
+with heartfelt fervor.
+
+"It's too bad the horrid sailors got his money after all," said Peter.
+"If they hadn't he might have got something nice for the dolphin to eat
+when he got to that place where he lived."
+
+"The dolphin fared better than that," Uncle Henry assured the children.
+"It pleased the sea god _Neptune_ so much to have one of his creatures
+save a poet's life that he had that dolphin put in the sky among the
+stars, and we see him there now as the constellation _Delphinus_."
+
+"What's next?" demanded Peter when the story of _Delphinus_ was
+finished.
+
+"The next three," said Uncle Henry, shaking his head sadly, "are the
+last."
+
+"The last?!!" chorused the Society of Star-Gazers incredulously.
+
+"Well, maybe not absolutely the last," admitted Uncle Henry, "but the
+last for this Summer. There is a whole dozen more of the Star People in
+our northern sky, but we can't see them until next Winter."
+
+"Why?" inquired Betty anxiously.
+
+"It's a long story," said Uncle Henry. "Sometime I'll tell you all of
+it, beginning with the fact that the pole of the earth always points to
+the north star, where the little bear's tail is fastened, you remember.
+I promise to show you all the rest of the star animals and people when I
+come home for my Christmas vacation. Will that do, if I show you a
+wonderful eagle to-night--and a sea goat and a water carrier to finish
+up with?"
+
+The children were disappointed, but they trusted Uncle Henry. He
+wouldn't stop showing animals and people until he had to; they all knew
+that.
+
+Peter said,
+
+"We'll have a whole dozen to look forward to next Christmas. Sort of a
+present from Uncle Henry. Come on, Uncle Hen, let's find the eagle and
+the sea goat and water carrier!"
+
+The others agreed with Peter.
+
+"The eagle, or _Aquila_," said Uncle Henry, "is easy to find because of
+a very bright star, called _Altair_, which is right in his neck. You
+will find it near the arrow, or _Sagitta_, between the end of the
+serpent's tail and _Delphinus_. (17) Does anybody see _Altair_?"
+
+"I do," said Betty, "it's right between two other stars that aren't so
+bright."
+
+"Right," said Uncle Henry. "Put down pebbles to represent all three,
+Betty, and we'll find the rest of the eagle, or _Aquila_, as it would be
+in Latin."
+
+When the three pebbles were in place they stood in this relation to
+_Sagitta_ and _Delphinus_:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "draw a line downward through the three stars
+and a little more than twice as far again and what do you see?"
+
+"Another star," said Paul.
+
+"Put it in," said Uncle Henry, "and then draw another line from the
+upper of the first three stars in the direction of the handle of the
+'milk dipper' in _Sagittarius_, the archer. Continue this about four
+times the length of the line that joins the first three stars together
+and you will find two fairly bright stars close together. That's right,
+Paul; put in the star you find about halfway down the line, too. Now
+draw a line from the two fairly bright stars back in the direction of
+the tail of the sea-horse, or _Delphinus_, until it almost meets the
+first line you drew. There you will find another fairly bright star. Now
+it is easy to finish the eagle's skeleton."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the eagle's skeleton was finished Peter thought it looked more like
+a big arrowhead than an eagle, but when Uncle Henry had drawn the
+outline of _Aquila_, the Society of Star-Gazers admitted the resemblance
+to the bird.
+
+"Now where's that sea goat?" inquired Peter.
+
+"Follow the line of the first three stars we found in _Aquila_ downward,
+and just a little way beyond where it ends in the tip of the eagle's
+wing you will see two rather faint stars, close together. (18) They are
+at one corner of a 'cocked hat' such as you make out of newspaper when
+you play soldier--sort of a Napoleon's hat. It is upside down. When you
+find it and put down pebbles for stars I'll show you how the good
+imaginations the ancient people had turned the cocked hat into a sea
+goat."
+
+This shows how _Capricornus_ the sea goat looked when the children and
+Uncle Henry had finished him. I leave it to you to decide whether or not
+he looks more like a cocked hat.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"When we have found _Capricornus_ the sea goat," said Uncle Henry, "it
+is easy to find _Aquarius_ or the water carrier. Just prolong the line
+that connects the goat's right foot with his tail until it runs close to
+a little triangle of three stars with another in the centre. (19) It
+looks a little like the head of the Serpent we found squirming in
+_Ophiuchus'_ hands, but it is the water-jar _Aquarius_ is carrying."
+
+"Oh, I see it," cried Paul.
+
+The other stars in _Aquarius_ were soon found and represented
+by pebbles. Then Uncle Henry drew the outline that finished the
+Water-Carrier, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now we're all through?" inquired Betty.
+
+"Until next Christmas," smiled back Uncle Henry.
+
+"Can't we have just one more poem?" teased Paul.
+
+"What shall it be about?" asked Uncle Henry, with the air of a man who
+could write a poem to order on any subject.
+
+"One about the lovely swan," commanded Betty, "you haven't made one up
+about the swan."
+
+Uncle Henry was in a quandary; he wanted to please everybody with the
+last poem. He lay down on his back and looked up at the sky for so long
+that the children thought he must have fallen asleep. Finally Uncle
+Henry began to recite,
+
+    "The eagle of Starland
+    Got tired of his tree,
+    And challenged the swan to a race.
+
+    'Come up from the water!
+    Fly up and be free!
+    To northward I'll beat you a chase.'
+
+    The swan thought of shivers
+    And icebergs and frost--
+    He made up his mind to race South.
+
+    So they are still flying--
+    Their race can't be lost--
+    Till Gabriel blows with his mouth."
+
+"What'll Gabriel blow?" inquired Peter when the hand-clapping had
+stopped.
+
+"His trumpet, of course, silly!" answered Betty for Uncle Henry.
+
+Just then the children heard a toot from an automobile horn that they
+all recognized, and the Society of Star-Gazers raced with Uncle Henry
+back up to "Seven Oaks Cottage."
+
+"Sister" and "the Children's Father" had come back from their trip and
+had surprised everybody.
+
+The summer sessions of the Society were over.
+
+
+
+
+FIRST WINTER EVENING
+
+  THE "SOCIETY" LEARNS WHY ORION NEEDS A CLUB TO KEEP FRISKY
+    TAURUS IN ORDER--AND WHY WE SAY "BY JIMINI!" WHEN WE GET
+    EXCITED
+
+
+Uncle Henry came, as he had promised, to spend his Christmas holidays
+with "Sister," "the Children's Father," Peter, Paul and Betty, in their
+city apartment.
+
+The children's hope for fair weather in Christmas week was not
+disappointed either. The days were snowy and sunny and the nights frosty
+and clear.
+
+Only one thing had worried the "Society of Star-Gazers"--what was to
+take the place of the smooth sand of the beach when Uncle Henry should
+begin to point out the sky people that were visible in the winter sky?
+There were pebbles, it was true, on the flat roof of the apartment
+house, but there was no sand.
+
+The children were certain, however, that Uncle Henry would find a way,
+as he always did, and sure enough, when he arrived he brought, as one of
+his Christmas gifts to the children, a wonderful blackboard, an easel to
+stand it upon, and plenty of white chalk.
+
+After dinner on the first night of Uncle Henry's visit, the Society of
+Star-Gazers was bundled up in warm coats and mufflers and he led the
+way to the roof, carrying the blackboard and his pocket electric
+flashlight.
+
+Far above the lights of the city arched the great, blue-black bowl of
+the sky, filled with the sparkling patterns of stars that the children
+had learned to know as steadfast, unchanging friends.
+
+"Uncle Henry," said Betty, "you've told us about enough animals to
+really fill a Noah's ark, but we've never heard anything about Noah
+himself. Isn't there any Mr. Noah in the sky?"
+
+"Well, Betty," said Uncle Henry, "There isn't any constellation that's
+named for Noah, but he was a great hunter, and since there is a great
+hunter in the sky, we can call him Noah if we want to, even if his last
+name is _Orion_."
+
+"Noah O'Ryan!" laughed Paul. "I know a boy named Michael O'Ryan."
+
+"It's not the same spelling," said Uncle Henry, as he turned the
+flashlight on the blackboard while he wrote the word upon it, and
+underneath, made three large chalk dots, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Find those three stars," said Uncle Henry, "and you will have the _belt
+of Orion_. It ought not to be hard to find them, for there are no other
+stars like them anywhere in the whole sky. Those three stars have
+always attracted a lot of attention from people in all times and
+countries. In the Bible Job calls them 'the bands of Orion'; the Arabs
+called them 'the Golden Nuts'; the fierce Masai Tribe in Africa call
+them 'the three old men'; the ancient Chinese named Orion 'Tsan,' which
+means 'three'; and to the Eskimos these three stars appear to be the
+three steps that a Starland Eskimo cuts in a snowbank when he wants to
+climb to the top of it."
+
+The children soon found _Orion's_ belt about a third of the way up the
+southeastern sky.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "see who can find his shoulders first. Here is
+a piece of chalk for each of you. Put the shoulders in as soon as you
+see them."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Paul found _Orion's_ right shoulder, and Betty his left, and made large
+chalk dots to show how bright and beautiful the stars that mark the
+shoulders are.
+
+"Oh, I see his feet!" exclaimed Betty delightedly.
+
+"Put them in then," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Then _Orion_ looked like this on the blackboard:
+
+"I'll tell you this much more," said Uncle Henry, "and then you must
+finish _Orion_ by yourselves. He has a great club, raised, ready to
+strike, in his right hand, and he holds a lion's skin on his left arm,
+as a shield."
+
+"What's he going to hit at?" inquired Peter, with his boy's joy in
+battle uppermost.
+
+"At _Taurus_, the wild bull," said Uncle Henry. "You can see that
+_Taurus_ is very fierce, and would enjoy nothing better than to chase
+the twin star boys round and round the sky. He might not really want to
+hurt the boys, whose names are _Castor_ and _Pollux_, but _Taurus'_
+horns are very sharp and he doesn't know how to play gently, so it keeps
+_Orion_ pretty busy getting between him and _Gemini_ and threatening the
+bull with his club."
+
+"What's 'jimini,' Uncle Hen?" said Paul. "Sounds like our swear word."
+
+"It _is_ the origin of it," said Uncle Henry. "The ancient Romans used
+to swear 'by _Gemini_,' and it has slowly been changed into your
+'jimini.' _Gemini_ is the Latin word that means 'twins.' We'll find them
+after we finish up _Orion_ and _Taurus_, and then you'll see just how
+_Orion_ keeps protecting them from the bull."
+
+"Hurry up, Uncle Hen!" urged Peter. "I'm dreadful excited!"
+
+Uncle Henry did, and as a result _Orion_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Ooh! he's got a sword, too!" cried Paul, as Uncle Henry added the three
+tiny stars below _Orion's_ belt, and drew the outline around them.
+
+"Why didn't he use the sword on _Taurus_?" asked Peter.
+
+"Because he knew _Taurus_ was only playing in his rough way," Uncle
+Henry replied.
+
+"Well, we've heard a lot about that bull," said Betty. "Let's find him
+right away."
+
+Uncle Henry said nothing, but took the chalk from Betty and drew a light
+line from _Orion's_ right foot to his left shoulder, and continued it
+upward about the same distance. (20)
+
+"There," he said, "that point is just between the bull's horns and over
+his right eye. The right eye of _Taurus_ is a very bright star called
+_Aldebaran_. Anybody see it?"
+
+"Oh, I do!" said Paul. "What, hasn't _Taurus_ any left eye, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"He has," said Uncle Henry, "but he has it closed just now. He's winking
+it at _Orion_ as much as to say, 'Oh, I act fierce, but I wouldn't hurt
+those twins after all. I'm just playing.' Go ahead and put in the stars
+for the bull's head and horns as fast as you find them, youngsters."
+
+The children did, and when Uncle Henry had showed them the fore legs and
+shoulder, which contains the beautiful little group of faint stars
+called the _Pleiades_, _Taurus_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now we want the twins!" cried Betty.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "follow a line straight up the bull's
+left horn and a little more than the length of the horn beyond its tip
+and you will reach _Castor_, the head of the fainter twin." (21)
+
+Peter and Paul began to show great interest, because they were twins
+themselves. They demanded that each be allowed to select one of the sky
+children and finish him completely, without Uncle Henry's assistance.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Paul, having first choice because he was twenty minutes younger than
+Peter, selected _Pollux_, and Peter had to be contented with the less
+bright _Castor_.
+
+It was not a difficult task for either of the boys, after finding the
+twin star _Castor_, for the head of _Pollux_ is quite close beside it
+and the bodies of both star children stand side by side, with the feet
+just above _Orion's_ uplifted club.
+
+When _Gemini_, the twins, were finished, the blackboard looked like
+this, and since the children's fingers were so stiff with the cold that
+they could hardly hold the chalk, Uncle Henry moved that the Society of
+Star-Gazers adjourn until the next evening.
+
+
+
+
+SECOND WINTER EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE DOGS OF ORION AND GEMINI FOLLOW THEIR MASTERS,
+    PEGASUS ESCAPES AS USUAL, AND ANDROMEDA GETS A NICE SOFT BED
+    OF HAY IN PLACE OF HER HARD OLD ROCK
+
+
+"Uncle Hen," said Peter, when the Society was assembled round the
+blackboard, in overcoats and mittens, on the following night, "what is
+that very bright star that is down behind _Orion_? It looks sort of
+important to me."
+
+"Right you are, Pete," answered Uncle Henry, looking where the boy
+pointed, "it _is_ important. It is the star _Sirius_, the brightest star
+in the whole sky. We'll begin with it and find _Orion's_ dog, or _Canis
+Major_, which is Latin for 'bigger dog.'"
+
+"That's great!" exclaimed Paul, "you told us last Summer that we'd find
+him this Christmas-time."
+
+"So I did," agreed Uncle Henry. "Well, you can always find _Orion's_ dog
+by drawing a line through _Orion's_ belt and extending it behind him
+until it meets _Sirius_. (22) You can't miss it because it's so bright.
+Everybody see it?"
+
+Everybody did.
+
+"Now," went on Uncle Henry, "extend the line that came from _Orion's_
+belt, curving it slightly downward after it passes through _Sirius_, and
+you will have the dog's backbone. Put in the chalk dots as we find the
+stars, Pete. Now draw lines upward and downward from _Sirius_, at right
+angles to the backbone line and you will have the dog's forelegs and
+ears. At a point on the backbone about twice the length of the foreleg
+from _Sirius_, you will find another fairly bright star, and below it a
+little way another star. Connect these two and keep on with the line, at
+right angles to the backbone, and you will find one hind foot. The other
+is not far in front of it. Yes, that's right, Betty, there's a star in
+the tip of his tail, too. And the three stars near _Sirius_ make _Canis
+Major's_ nose."
+
+The children soon finished the skeleton and Uncle Henry took the chalk
+and put the flesh upon it. Then the dog of _Orion_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"He's a faithful old fellow, isn't he?" said Betty, "to always follow
+Mr. _Orion_ around like that?"
+
+"I'm not always sure," said Uncle Henry, "whether the dog of _Orion_
+would always be so faithful if it wasn't for the rabbit that is always
+just ahead of him, almost under _Orion's_ feet."
+
+"Oh, show us the rabbit!" cried Betty. Her father had promised her that
+when they all went to live in a house in the country, she should have a
+pair of them for her very own.
+
+"All right, Betty," said Uncle Henry. "You can find _Lepus_, the rabbit,
+yourself. The three rather faint stars just below _Orion's_ right foot
+make the curve of his back. Join them together with a curved line and
+extend it forward and downward until it passes through two brighter
+stars. The lowest of these is in the fore-shoulder of the rabbit. Now
+draw lines backward from both of these brighter stars, at about right
+angles to the line that joins them, and you will find the rabbit's hind
+hip and hind foot. He is lying down for a moment to rest. You see he's
+been galloping away from _Canis Major_ for such a long time that he is
+tired."
+
+"Poor little rabbit!" cried Betty, and her little face looked so pitiful
+in the light of the electric torch that Uncle Henry hastened to reassure
+her by saying that the big dog had never yet caught the rabbit, and by
+the very nature of things never could. Then she took heart to go on
+putting in the stars.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "you can find the star in the rabbit's eye by
+drawing a line forward from the upper one of the brighter stars, and the
+star in his fore-foot by drawing another forward and downward from his
+fore-shoulder. That finishes his skeleton, all except his ears. They
+are made by finding four faint stars just under _Orion's_ left foot, and
+using two of them in each ear."
+
+"Now can I draw his outline in, too?" asked Betty. "I want to make every
+bit of him myself."
+
+"Of course you can!" exclaimed Uncle Henry indulgently.
+
+"You've got to let me make all of the horse, then, when we come to him!"
+exclaimed Peter.
+
+"In just a little while, Pete," said Uncle Henry, "we're making the
+rabbit now."
+
+"All right," agreed Peter.
+
+Betty had looked longingly at rabbits in pet stores so often that she
+really did very well at drawing the outline of the sky-rabbit.
+
+We leave it to you to better it. You can't--unless you love rabbits more
+than she did.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty's brothers were quite astonished, and pleased the little girl
+immensely by clapping their hands when the rabbit was finished.
+
+"Now let me do the horse!" demanded Peter.
+
+"What'll be left for me to do?" inquired Paul wistfully, "if you let
+Pete do the horse?"
+
+"That'll be all right, Paul," reassured Uncle Henry, "the sky horse is
+very large, but we'll give you two smaller animals to do yourself to
+make up for him--_Aries_, the ram, and _Canis Minor_, the smaller dog."
+
+"Fine," agreed Paul. "I know all 'bout rams."
+
+The children laughed gleefully. Paul had been butted over once by a ram
+when they were on a summer visit to their grandfather's farm.
+
+"Well, Pete," said Uncle Henry briskly, "you'll find _Pegasus_, the
+horse, grazing clear on the other side of the star field. Somebody built
+a box stall for him over there, but he's so big and strong that he
+doesn't stay in it except when he feels like it. He's all the time
+leaping the fence and escaping. When you find him, you'll see that he's
+doing that very thing now. In fact, you'll catch him right in the act!"
+
+"Oh, let's hurry then!" said Peter, "he might be out before we see him
+do it!"
+
+"Everybody find the big dipper," directed Uncle Henry. "You remember how
+we found the pole star in the tip of the little bear's tail by drawing a
+line up through the 'pointer stars' of the dipper's bowl, on the side
+away from the handle? Well, do that again now, and follow the line
+through the pole star, passing behind _Cassiopeia_ in her chair, and
+continuing until your line passes through two fairly bright stars quite
+a distance apart. (23) A line connecting these stars marks the top edge
+of _Pegasus'_ box stall, which is called 'the square of _Pegasus_.'"
+
+"_Cassiopeia_ is about halfway between the pole star and _Pegasus_. A
+line drawn from the pole star through the back of _Cassiopeia's_ chair
+will reach the two stars that form the lower corners of _Pegasus'_ box
+stall." (24)
+
+"Oh, I see the square now," said Peter.
+
+"Me, too," said Paul.
+
+"It's very big, isn't it?" said Betty.
+
+"Yes," agreed Uncle Henry, "and _Pegasus_ is big, too. He is upside down
+just now, with his head just above the western horizon. His nose points
+northward toward _Delphinus_ and his neck curves up from the side of the
+box stall that's away from the pole star. His fore feet curve up from
+the side of the square that is toward the pole star, and both feet point
+toward the swan."
+
+"I see him now," cried Peter, and began putting in the chalk dots and
+lines for the framework of the box stall and the skeleton of _Pegasus'_
+head and forelegs, which are all of him that can be seen. As Uncle Henry
+said, _Pegasus_ is just in the act of jumping out of his stall.
+
+When Peter had finished drawing _Pegasus_, the horse of poets looked
+like this. Uncle Henry put in the arrows pointing from the pole star,
+and the skeletons of _Delphinus_ and the swan.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It seems to me," observed Paul sagely, "that _Pegasus'_ box stall is a
+lot too small for him."
+
+"That's why he is all the time jumping out and running away," explained
+Uncle Henry. "I told you that we should catch him in the act. He's
+always at it."
+
+"Pete's had his turn; now I want to find the ram and the little dog,"
+said Paul.
+
+"If you'll wait just a little longer," said Uncle Henry, "I'd like to
+show Betty the last of the sky ladies, because she's right close to
+_Pegasus_."
+
+Paul's face fell a little, but he said, "Ladies first, of course," as
+any gentleman would.
+
+"I said she was a lady," said Uncle Henry, "but I'm not so sure that she
+is acting like one. In fact, she is in an attitude that few ladies would
+like to be seen in, at least not in the plain view of everybody who
+looks at the sky."
+
+"What's she doing, Uncle Henry?" inquired Betty, in a tone that said, "I
+guess it can't be anything so _very_ bad."
+
+Betty was herself fond of climbing trees, in spite of motherly
+disapproval of such tomboy activities.
+
+"She's lying flat on her back, with her arms and legs sprawled out and
+her head resting against the corner of _Pegasus'_ box stall. I should
+think it might be very uncomfortable for her, unless she is lying on a
+pile of hay, for _Andromeda_ has been there a very long time in the same
+position. The ancient Greeks said that _Andromeda_ was chained to a
+rock. Let's not have her that way; it would be so disagreeable."
+
+"She's probably asleep and doesn't notice, but we'll give her the hay,"
+said Betty. "There's nobody to tell her not to lie down where she likes.
+How do we find her, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"First look for her head," said Uncle Henry. "It is the same star we
+found forming the lower corner of _Pegasus'_ square on the side toward
+the pole star. _Andromeda's_ feet are just below the W-shaped
+_Cassiopeia_. A line drawn from the swan's beak through his tail, and
+extended across the sky, will reach the stars in the feet. (25) Another
+line drawn diagonally across the square of _Pegasus_ to _Andromeda's_
+head and extended will pass along her body, and farther on, her left
+foot will be seen just above the line. You see her now, don't you,
+Betty?"
+
+"Yes," said Betty, "and I think I see her arms."
+
+"All right, draw her in," Uncle Henry encouraged.
+
+Betty did, but didn't think she could draw well enough to outline the
+sleeping girl, so Uncle Henry did that. Then _Andromeda_ looked like
+this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty added a few lines to show that _Andromeda_ was lying on a pile of
+hay, instead of being chained to that hard rock the Greeks insisted
+upon.
+
+"What is that fuzzy little star just to her right, about at her hip?"
+asked Paul.
+
+"I'm glad you noticed that," said Uncle Henry. "The astronomers who
+lived ever so long ago, long before the birth of Christ Jesus, noticed
+that it looked 'fuzzy,' just as you have, and called it 'the little
+cloud.' It is now called 'The Great Nebula in _Andromeda_.' If you
+looked at it through a telescope you would see that it is not one star,
+but a great many. Some of them, as astronomers who live now tell us, are
+as large as our sun."
+
+"Ooh, how wonderful!" said Betty softly, and the boys' faces showed that
+they thought so, too.
+
+"Some night," promised Uncle Henry, "we'll bring up a little telescope
+and look at 'the little cloud' again. It is a fine sight."
+
+"Now," said Paul after a moment, "please can I find the ram and the
+little dog?"
+
+"Certainly," said Uncle Henry. "Just as _Canis Major_, the bigger dog,
+follows _Orion_ and belongs to him, so _Canis Minor_, the littler dog,
+follows and belongs to the star children, the twins named _Gemini_."
+
+"Ooh!" exclaimed Betty, "just like 'Rags' belongs to Peter and Paul!
+We'll call the little dog 'Rags' when Paul finds him."
+
+"Fine!" laughed Uncle Henry, "but I warn you that he won't come when you
+call him as well as the real live 'Rags' answers to his name."
+
+"Where do I start?" inquired Paul, anxious to have his chance to draw.
+
+"At the feet of the twins," directed Uncle Henry. "Draw a line through
+their feet and extend it away from the feet of _Pollux_, in the
+direction away from _Taurus_, the bull. (26) At a point about as far
+away from the foot of _Pollux_ as the height of the twins you will find
+a bright star, and between it and the foot of _Pollux_ a fainter one.
+Draw a line to connect them, and you have the little dog's backbone. You
+can fill in the rest of him any way you like, for those are the only two
+stars he has in him. I'll tell you one thing, though. The brighter star
+is at the little dog's tail instead of his head. The opposite was the
+case with _Orion's_ dog."
+
+The children found the two stars very easily and Paul put down dots of
+the right size to represent them. Then he drew the outline of the little
+sky dog, making him an Airedale, as you can see, so that he might be the
+same as his beloved flesh and blood name-sake "Rags."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now that we've found the two dogs, that makes it easy to find _Cancer_
+the Crab," said Uncle Henry. "Just draw a line from _Sirius_, in the
+Big Dog, through the Little Dog, and extend it almost as far again. (27)
+That's right. Now what do you see?"
+
+The children searched the sky for some time, and Betty finally said,
+"Sort of a sprawly bunch of six or eight rather faint stars."
+
+"Make little chalk-dots for them, then, Betty, and we'll try our best to
+make them look like a crab."
+
+This shows how _Cancer_ the crab looked when he was finished on the
+blackboard, and how he crawls in the sky away from _Canis Major_ and
+_Gemini_, the twin boys. Perhaps he has learned by experience to leave
+boys and dogs as far behind as possible.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now let's find the ram!" said Paul. "I want to draw him."
+
+"The ram," said Uncle Henry, "is very small, and is made of only three
+stars. A line drawn from the top corner of _Pegasus'_ box stall, on the
+side next the pole, going straight down the side, and extended below it
+one and a half times the height of the stall, will point to the ram.
+(28) You can also locate _Aries_, the Ram, by drawing a line from the
+star in the swan's tail, across the stars in _Andromeda's_ hips, and
+beyond them a little more than the distance from her head to her hips.
+Don't mistake a little triangle of stars that you will see just below
+_Andromeda's_ left leg for the three stars of _Aries_. _Aries_ is a
+triangle, also, but it has _two_ fairly bright stars, while the triangle
+has only _one_. Do you all see _Aries_, the Ram?"
+
+The children had all found it after a few moments, as well as the
+triangle under _Andromeda's_ feet. When Paul had made the chalk dots and
+lines for _Aries'_ skeleton, Uncle Henry drew the outline around them
+and the ram looked like this. You will see that in order to show _Aries_
+right side up, the blackboard had to be turned so that _Andromeda_ was
+upside down.
+
+"While we are in the neighborhood of _Pegasus_ and _Andromeda_ and
+_Aries_ the Ram we may as well find the two fishes. One of them, called
+the _Northern Fish_, lies just about halfway between _Andromeda's_ body
+and _Aries_--and the other, called the _Western Fish_, lies just back of
+_Pegasus'_ box stall, quite close to the water jar of _Aquarius_. (29)
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"The two fishes are tied together by their tails. The cord or ribbon
+runs eastward from the tail of the _Western Fish_, running about
+parallel to the side of _Pegasus'_ stall, and then makes a sharp angle,
+coming back toward _Andromeda_, where it is fastened to the _Northern
+Fish's_ tail."
+
+When _Pisces_, or "The Fishes" were found and drawn with chalk they were
+in this relation to _Pegasus_, _Andromeda_, _Aries_, and _Aquarius'_
+Jar.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"While I think of it," said Uncle Henry, "I want to tell you that
+sometimes you may find a very bright star in a constellation where it
+doesn't seem to belong. If you watch it for a few nights you will see
+that it moves. It isn't a star at all, but a _planet_ or "wanderer."
+Sometime I'll show you how to know all the planets by sight and name.
+You will never see them except in the zodiac constellations, so they
+need not confuse you. And now I think all of us had better go downstairs
+and get warm before we go to bed. Besides, we want to leave a little to
+do to-morrow night, and there are only two constellations left now."
+
+"Only two?" cried the children in disappointment.
+
+"Only two that we can see well," assured Uncle Henry.
+
+"Well," said Peter, "I guess we'd better have the Society adjourn. I
+move we adjourn."
+
+"Second the motion," said Paul, with true parliamentary solemnity.
+
+"Carried," murmured Betty, who was beginning to get sleepy in spite of
+herself.
+
+
+
+
+THIRD WINTER EVENING
+
+  THE SKY CLOUDED OVER, BUT PETER FOUND THE STAR PEOPLE HIDING IN
+    THE ALMANAC--PAUL FOUND HIS HEAD WAS THE WORLD--AND THE
+    "SOCIETY" FOUND OUT ABOUT THE SWASTIKA AND THE ZODIAC, AND
+    HOW YOU TELL WHEN A DIPPER IS A PLOUGH AND WHEN IT'S A WAGON
+
+
+Next evening Peter and Paul carried the blackboard to the roof after
+supper, but soon returned in disappointment. The sky had all clouded
+over! The evening's session of the "Society of Star-Gazers" was spoiled.
+Its members stood in a circle about Uncle Henry and looked hopefully at
+him. Never yet had he failed to make good in an emergency.
+
+"Well, it can't be helped," said Uncle Henry cheerfully. "We'll just
+have to bring Starland down here into our playroom for this evening.
+Suppose you get me--let's see--about a dozen sheets of paper from a big
+scratch pad, some of Betty's colored crayons--they had better be the
+dark-colored ones--and a good-sized sheet of stiff cardboard or Bristol
+board. Yes, and some pins and an Almanac. Betty'll get the colored
+pencils, Paul the cardboard, and Peter the sheets of paper and the pins.
+I'll borrow the Almanac from Katy. She has one in the kitchen."
+
+The children scattered for the materials and Uncle Henry took the shade
+off the electric lamp that stood on the playroom table.
+
+When everybody was back in the playroom with the things needed the
+Society gathered around Uncle Henry and asked,
+
+"Where do we go from here, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Out into Starland," said Uncle Henry, spreading out his arms wide.
+"This room is the universe. This lamp with the shade off is the sun.
+Imagine that the pictures on the walls are groups of stars, the
+constellations, the star-people we have been finding in the sky right
+along. Imagine that there are pictures on the ceiling, too, and on the
+floor. Lots of them, all over the six sides of this square room.
+
+"Now Paul, you have a nice round head and have just had a hair-cut. Your
+head can be the earth. Just walk around the table once or twice until we
+get used to thinking about your head as the world. It seems rather small
+at first. That's right. Now you're going around the sun the way the
+earth does, from right to left, just opposite to the way the clock-hands
+go. You go once around the sun every year.
+
+"The earth of course spins on its axis, too, just like a top, while it
+is circling round the sun. It turns round completely every twenty-four
+hours, from West to East. Paul, see if you can spin like a top while you
+are going round the lamp. Spin from right to left, just opposite to the
+way the clock-hands go."
+
+Paul did his best to spin and walk at the same time, and Uncle Henry
+showed Peter and Betty that the side of Paul's head that was toward the
+lamp was always bright, while the other side was always in shadow. As
+Paul turned on his axis from right to left his face became lighted, then
+the right side of his head, then its back, then the left side, and so
+on, round and round.
+
+Part of the time Paul was facing a picture on one wall and the next
+minute his back was toward that picture and he was looking at another
+picture on the opposite wall, across the lamp.
+
+These two drawings show how Paul faced the two pictures one after the
+other.
+
+[Illustration: Night on Paul's Face]
+
+[Illustration: Day on Paul's Face]
+
+"Now tell me," commanded Uncle Henry, "which picture you see the
+plainest--is it the one you see when your back is to the lamp--or is
+it the one you see when you face the lamp, and look across it toward
+the picture on the wall beyond?"
+
+"The lamp is so bright without a shade that it blinds me when I try to
+see the picture beyond it," said Paul.
+
+"Oh, I see! I see!" said Betty, beginning to hop up and down. "Can I
+tell, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"Surely," laughed Uncle Henry, "what do you see?"
+
+"When Paul faces the picture with his back to the lamp," said Betty,
+"it's night on his face, and day on the back of his head! Is that
+right?"
+
+"Yes, go on," encouraged Uncle Henry.
+
+"And so he can see that picture better, 'cause the lamplight isn't in
+his eyes. But when he faces the lamp and looks across it, then it's day
+in his face, and night on the back of his head, and he can't see the
+picture beyond the lamp very well, 'cause the sun-lamp shines in his
+eyes."
+
+"So that's why we can only see the stars at night!" said Peter.
+
+"Yes, that's why the moon and the stars come out only when it gets
+dark," said Uncle Henry. "You see the earth turns round and carries us
+to its dark side, the side that is away from the sun. We say 'The sun
+has set.' Then when the sun glare is gone from our eyes we can see the
+sky-pictures, just as Paul sees one picture better with his back to the
+lamp than he does the other when he has to look through the lamp-light
+toward it."
+
+"And the stars are in the sky all day long, whether we see them or not?"
+asked Paul.
+
+"Certainly," said Uncle Henry. "If you could look up at the sky from the
+bottom of a very deep well, or a tall chimney, so that the sun-light was
+kept out of your eyes, you could see the stars shining in the daytime.
+There is a long deep tunnel in the great pyramid of Egypt that goes up
+and out from the centre of its base toward its north side at just the
+right angle so that the ancient Egyptians could always see the pole star
+through it--no matter whether it was night or daytime. You see the pole
+star never rises or sets, because it is always right over the end of the
+axis that the earth spins on."
+
+This picture shows how the tunnel in the great pyramid always pointed to
+the north star because the tunnel is always parallel to the axis the
+earth spins on.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the pyramid was built, the star in the tip of the little bear's
+tail was not the pole star, as it is now. At that time the star that was
+nearest the pole was one of those in the dragon. Since the pole of the
+earth goes round in a complete circle among the stars every 25,000
+years, the star in _Draco_ will some time be the pole-star again--in,
+say 20,000 more years!
+
+Peter had picked up the Almanac that Uncle Henry had borrowed from Katy
+and suddenly cried,
+
+"Oh, Uncle Henry, the Almanac has a lot of the Star People in it. It
+calls them 'The Signs of the Zodiac.' What's the Zodiac, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We are going to find out right away, Pete," said Uncle Henry, "but
+first we must draw pictures of the twelve star folks that are the Zodiac
+signs. That means three drawings apiece. Pull up your chairs to the
+table and we'll draw on the sheets of scratch paper with Betty's colored
+pencils. Paul, you do the _Virgo_, _Leo_, and _Cancer_ the Crab; Peter
+will draw _Gemini_ the Twins, _Taurus_ the Bull, and _Aries_ the Ram;
+Betty will do the Fishes, called _Pisces_ in Latin, _Aquarius_ the Water
+Carrier, and _Capricornus_ the Goat; while I will draw _Sagittarius_ the
+Archer, _Scorpio_, and _Libra_ the Balance. All old friends of ours."
+
+"We'll put the Almanac here in the middle of the table where we can all
+see it while we copy the 'signs,' one on each sheet of paper."
+
+Everybody was very busy indeed for about half an hour. At the end of
+that time the twelve rough drawings were done and pinned up at equal
+distances apart around the walls of the playroom, three on each of the
+four walls. They were arranged around the room in the same order in
+which Uncle Henry had assigned them. The room then looked like this,
+though of course you see only three walls in a picture. You must imagine
+how the fourth wall looked.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now Paul, suppose you walk around the table again, spinning on your own
+axis as you go, and we'll try to find out what the Zodiac is. You notice
+that the pictures are all pinned on the walls at the same height from
+the floor, which is just the height of the electric lamp bulb, and just
+the height of Paul's head too, no matter where he is in his walk around
+the lamp. The twelve constellations, or signs of the Zodiac are in the
+real sky also on the same level with the earth and the sun, no matter
+where the earth is in its journey round the sun. Astronomers say it this
+way: they say that the earth revolves around the sun 'in the plane of
+the ecliptic.' That simply means that if the sun was in the centre of an
+enormous horizontal pane of glass, the earth and all the signs of the
+Zodiac would also always be touching the pane of glass, which would then
+represent the 'plane of the ecliptic.' Put an l in 'pane' and you have
+'plane.'"
+
+"Is each sign for a month?" asked Peter. "I see there are twelve of
+them."
+
+"That's correct," said Uncle Henry, "and you want to notice that as Paul
+walks round the lamp and looks across it at the signs on the wall beyond
+it, the lamp seems to Paul to move from one picture to the next."
+
+This picture is drawn as if the ceiling of the room was taken off and
+you could look down on Paul walking around the lamp.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When it is January first, Paul, representing the earth, is in the
+position marked A, nearest to the picture of _Gemini_ behind him,
+while the lamp, representing the sun, appears to him to be entering
+the sign of the Zodiac called _Sagittarius_, directly opposite across
+the room. Later, on April first, after three months, Paul, or the
+earth, has traveled a quarter of the way around the sun, has passed
+the pictures of _Cancer_ and _Leo_ on the wall behind him, and stands
+nearest _Virgo_ in the position marked B. The lamp has also seemed
+to move through a quarter circle, has passed through the signs of
+_Capricornus_ and _Aquarius_, and appears to Paul to be just entering
+the sign of _Pisces_, or the Fishes. In the same way the earth moves
+through a sign of the Zodiac every month and the sun, while really
+motionless, _appears_ to also travel through a sign every month. Of
+course we cannot see the sign or constellation, where the sun appears
+to be, at the same time we see the sun, for his brightness makes the
+stars invisible, but if we _could_ see the constellations by day, the
+sun would appear to travel from one sign of the Zodiac to the next
+every month.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Here is a clock of the year which shows the earth at one end of the
+hand, the sun in the middle, and at the other end of the hand an arrow,
+which points to the sign of the Zodiac where the sun appears to be, and
+to the date when it seems to be there to an observer on the earth. Draw
+the hand with the earth-end in several different positions and you will
+see that the sun, if viewed from the earth, would appear to be in the
+sign of the Zodiac exactly opposite.
+
+When the children all understood the way the Zodiac divides the yearly
+path of the earth into twelve equal parts, Betty said, "I want to know
+why the geography globe at school always looks just as if it was going
+to tip over."
+
+Uncle Henry laughed. "If you think the geography globe looks unsteady
+because its axis of iron rod is on a slant, what will you think about
+the earth when I tell you that it spins around in just the same slanting
+position, with only an _imaginary_ line for axis?"
+
+"Does it really?" asked Betty.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and it spins so steadily in that slanting
+position that the north end of its imaginary axis always points toward
+the same place, a point very close to the north star, or _Polaris_ as it
+is called."
+
+"_Polaris_ is named for the North Pole, I suppose," said Peter.
+
+"That's right," Uncle Henry replied. "Let's get some scissors and we'll
+use our big sheet of cardboard to make a cap for Paul's head that will
+show you just how the slant of the earth's axis makes it hotter in
+summer and colder in winter."
+
+"Ooh!" exclaimed Paul, "I always thought it was hot in summer because
+the earth got nearer to the sun then."
+
+"Lots of people think that, too," said Uncle Henry, "but it isn't so.
+The earth is really farther from the sun in summer."
+
+Betty ran for the scissors, and Uncle Henry cut out a big circle from
+the stiff cardboard. Then he cut out an opening in the centre of it
+that fitted Paul's head just as a stiff straw hat would that was a
+size too big for him. The circle of cardboard dropped down until it
+rested on Paul's ears and on the bridge of his nose. This cardboard
+brim represented the "plane of the earth's equator," just as the pane
+of glass represented the "plane of the ecliptic." Since the "plane of
+the equator" is always at right angles to the slanting axis of the
+earth, the "plane of the equator" is always at a slant to the "plane
+of the ecliptic."
+
+If you will run a long hat-pin through an orange, and sink the orange
+exactly to its middle in a glass bowl filled with water, holding the
+hat-pin at a slant, you will see that the equator of the orange is at
+a slant with the surface of the water. Half of the orange's equator
+curves up above the water, while half of it curves down under the
+water's surface. If you fasten a cardboard ring around the orange at the
+equator the cardboard will then be at an angle with the surface of the
+water, which represents the "plane of the ecliptic."
+
+Uncle Henry cut two long strips from what was left of the cardboard and
+crossed the strips over the top of Paul's head, fastening the four ends
+of them to the round cardboard brim close to his head.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+After this Uncle Henry rolled a sheet of the scratch paper round a
+pencil, put rubber bands tightly around it, cut the end to bend up and
+make a foot and pinned the foot to the cardboard strips at the place
+where they crossed. When Paul had it all on he looked very funny with
+the pencil sticking straight up from the top of his head, and his eyes
+just peeping over the cardboard brim on each side of the strip down the
+middle of his nose.
+
+"Now come on, Mr. Earth," said Uncle Henry, "It's time for you to spin
+round the lamp-sun for another year or two."
+
+So Paul held his head on a slant and kept it so that the pencil always
+pointed in the same direction as he went round the lamp. These four
+little pictures show how he looked at the four sides of the sun where
+the earth is in Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "you see that if we make a black dot on one of
+the cardboard strips about halfway between the cardboard brim, or the
+earth's equator, and the pencil, or the North Pole, it will be about as
+far north as we are in the United States. And when Paul is in his Summer
+position, with the pencil slanting _toward_ the 'sun,' you see that the
+sun's rays beat down much straighter on the black dot than they do when
+he is on the other side of the lamp, with the pole slanting _away_ from
+the 'sun.' That is why the Winter sun appears to be lower in the sky at
+noon than the Summer sun, and also why the Summer sun shines hotter on
+the earth than it does in Winter. Notice, too, that the rays from the
+lamp light up Paul's head for quite a little way beyond the foot of the
+'pole' when it slants _toward_ the 'sun,' while when it slants _away_
+from the 'sun' the rays fail to reach the 'pole' at all. This means that
+in summer the sun shines a longer time upon the part of the earth that
+slants toward it. If you could look down from the ceiling at Paul's head
+in his Summer position and in his Winter one you would see why."
+
+Uncle Henry quickly drew these two pictures of the top of a globe to
+show the children why the days are long in Summer and short in Winter at
+any point in the United States.
+
+  [Illustration: _The Winter Day_ lasts while the black dot on the
+  earth travels from A to B--less than half-way round.
+
+  _The Summer Day_ lasts while the black dot on the earth travels from
+  C to D--more than half-way round.]
+
+"It's just like the hot water bottle mother kept in my bed that time I
+had a chill after swimming," said Paul. "The hotter it was before she
+put it in the bed the slower it cooled off."
+
+"That's the idea," said Uncle Henry, "the longer the sun shines on any
+place on the earth the hotter it gets, and when the nights are as short
+as they are in Summer the place hasn't long to cool off before it is
+round in the sun's hot rays again. Now do you see why Summer is hotter
+than Winter?"
+
+The children did.
+
+"There's one thing I don't understand, though," said Peter. "Why are
+there different stars in the sky in Winter than there are in Summer?"
+
+"That's easy to answer," said Uncle Henry. "Look at Paul again--first
+when it's 'night' on his face on the 'Summer' side of the lamp, and then
+when it is 'night' on his face on the 'Winter' side of the lamp.
+
+"At 'night' in Summer Paul looks at the pictures on one end of the room.
+The cardboard brim, or 'plane of the equator,' is slanted _up_, above
+the 'plane of the ecliptic.'"
+
+This picture shows how Paul looked.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"But in Winter, at 'night,' Paul looks at quite different pictures, at
+the other end of the room. The cardboard brim is slanted _down_, below
+the level of the 'plane of the ecliptic.' This is why the path of the
+Winter Signs crosses the sky higher up than the path of the Summer
+Signs. In both Winter and Summer you must imagine the cardboard brim to
+be as transparent as glass, for the 'plane of the equator' is in reality
+only imaginary."
+
+This next picture shows how Paul looked at the constellations at "night"
+in Winter.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Of course the north star and the stars for a considerable distance
+round the pole never set, and can be seen all night at any time of the
+year. It is only the ones that rise and set that go and come from our
+sight with the seasons. In reality they never leave us, for if it wasn't
+for the sunlight getting in our eyes by day, we could see the Summer
+night star-pictures in the Winter daytime, and the Winter night star
+people in the Summer daytime. We are just looking at opposite ends of
+our big room in the universe on Winter nights and Summer nights, that's
+all," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Uncle Henry took some folded papers from his pocket and spread them out
+on the table.
+
+"Here are four maps of the sky," he said, "which show the way it looks
+at different seasons at 9 o'clock in the evening--on January 1st, April
+1st, July 1st, and October 1st. You will see that the groups of stars
+around the pole are always in view, while the rest of the star people
+change with the seasons, but even the groups around the pole change
+their positions with the seasons.
+
+"You have all seen the _Swastika_. It has been known and used as an
+ornament for hundreds of years, all over the world--by the American
+Indians, the Chinese, the East Indians, and many others. I'll show you
+where I think all these widely separated people got the _Swastika_, and
+how it stands for the four seasons."
+
+Uncle Henry drew four little pictures showing the four positions in
+which the big dipper stands in the four different seasons, with its
+"pointer stars" always indicating the pole star.
+
+[Illustration: At the right of the pole star in Winter.]
+
+[Illustration: Above the pole star in Spring.]
+
+[Illustration: At the left of the pole star in Summer.]
+
+[Illustration: Below the pole star in Autumn.]
+
+Then he drew all four positions on one sheet of paper, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And when heavy lines were drawn along the handles of the dippers and
+across the pole star from bowl to bowl the _Swastika_ suddenly appeared
+like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers was very enthusiastic about the origin of the
+_Swastika_, and found the dipper in its different positions on all of
+the four maps that Uncle Henry had put on the table.
+
+You can see the position of the dipper and all the other stars at
+January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and December 1st, at 9 o'clock in the
+evening, by looking at the four maps inside the covers of this book.
+
+After the children had looked at all the four maps as long as they
+wanted to, Uncle Henry suddenly remembered to look at his watch and
+exclaimed,
+
+"My goodness! I guess it's about time the Society adjourned for
+to-night. Ten o'clock! I'll get scolded for keeping you up so late."
+
+"I want to ask just one thing more," pleaded Betty.
+
+"All right, what is it?" said Uncle Henry.
+
+"Who found all the sky people?"
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "now that's a long story. They were all found
+and named so long ago that nobody knows who did it. The inventors of
+the star people naturally thought they saw pictures in the sky of the
+things they were familar with in everyday life--the bear, the bull, the
+serpent, the archer, and so on. If they had had any steam engines then
+somebody would have drawn lines from star to star until they had a
+picture of one in the sky. In England the Great Bear or Dipper is
+usually called the 'Plough' and you can see why
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It is also called 'Charles' Wain' or wagon.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"We only know that the constellations are very, very old, and that an
+ancient people living in the valley of the Euphrates river probably
+named most of them. The Babylonian Tablets, the oldest records known,
+show that the Zodiac constellations were known over 3000 years before
+the birth of Christ, which is now nearly 5000 years ago."
+
+"Can't we have just one more poem before we go to bed?" said Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "but not one of mine. I'll give you a little
+bit of a long poem that was written by a man named _Aratos_ about 280
+years before the wise men followed the star that told them where to find
+the new-born Christ. It has been running through my mind all the
+evening. This is it:
+
+    "And all the signs through which Night whirls her car,
+    From belted _Orion_ back to _Orion_ and his dauntless Hound,
+    And all _Poseidon's_, all high _Zeus's_ stars,
+    Bear on their beams true messages to man."
+
+
+
+
+FOURTH WINTER EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE "SOCIETY" MEETS THE LAST OF THE STAR PEOPLE AND
+    THE BEGINNING OF ASTRONOMY--AND BETTY PROPOSES A "NOTE" OF
+    THANKS
+
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers assembled upon the roof the next night with
+an eagerness that was tempered a little by regret that it _was_ the
+last.
+
+Uncle Henry saw this, and before starting to find the evening's
+constellations with the children, told them a few of the many wonderful
+things to be seen among the stars with the aid of a small telescope.
+
+He reminded them of the "little cloud" in _Andromeda_, called the Great
+Nebula, and said that there were not only many more of these wonderful
+clouds of star dust, but numbers of beautiful double stars, some of them
+lovely with tints of red, green or orange, and some that can be seen
+with an ordinary opera-glass.
+
+Then he told them of the curious variable, or "winking" stars, which
+turn bright and faint alternately on a regular schedule, so many hours
+bright, and so many hours faint. Also he described the beauty of the
+planet _Jupiter_, surrounded by its four little moons, all of which
+could be seen with a small telescope.
+
+Then the children began to feel more cheerful, for they saw that being
+introduced to the creatures and people of Skyland was only the beginning
+of the study of astronomy.
+
+"So," finished Uncle Henry, "we don't need to feel that there is no more
+fun coming, for there are lots more faint constellations which are all
+beautiful, even though not plain enough for us to find easily in the
+beginning. Besides, if you ever journey to the South, beyond the earth's
+equator, you will find a whole new sky full of marvelous people, and
+creatures, and objects--all pictured in the flashing southern heavens."
+
+"Well," said Peter briskly, "what do we find to-night, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We'll begin," replied Uncle Henry, "with a person you may have heard
+of--_Perseus_, who killed the terrible Gorgon _Medusa_."
+
+"Oh, I know him," cried Paul, "we read all 'bout him last year."
+
+"Quite right," said Uncle Henry, "then you remember that when he had
+killed _Medusa_, and cut off her head with his sword, he had to hold the
+head with the terrible face away from him, because everybody who looked
+at that face was instantly turned to stone."
+
+"Yes, yes, we know!" chorused the Society.
+
+"Well, now we'll find _Perseus_, his sword, and the head of _Medusa_,"
+promised Uncle Henry. "All you have to do is to extend the line of
+_Andromeda's_ left leg and prolong it from her foot, straight out
+for about her whole length. (30) There you will find _Algenib_, the
+brightest star in _Perseus_. It is right in his neck, between his
+shoulders. From _Algenib_ you can trace a row of stars downward,
+almost to the _Pleiades_ in the bull's shoulder. This row of stars is
+_Perseus'_ body and legs. Then find two stars above _Algenib_, one over
+the other, and you have his head and helmet.
+
+"After that it is easy to start at _Algenib_ and trace out his right
+arm, with the sword. A line drawn toward _Perseus_ through the stars in
+_Andromeda's_ head and left hip points out the star _Algol_, which is
+the head of _Medusa_, held in _Perseus'_ left hand. (31) _Algol_ is a
+famous variable star, which the ancients named 'the dragon of the slowly
+winking eye.'"
+
+The children soon found all of _Perseus_, and all took part in drawing
+his skeleton on the blackboard. Then they watched _Algol_ in the sky,
+and expected to see it wink, until Uncle Henry told them that the wink
+is so slow that it takes seven hours for _Algol_ to become faint and
+bright again, and that then two and three-quarter days pass before
+_Algol_ winks again. This being the case the Society decided not to
+wait, and finished _Perseus_ up so that he looked this way:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Uncle Henry added the lines with arrows to show how _Algenib_ and
+_Algol_ are found, with the help of _Andromeda_.
+
+After _Perseus_ was finished, Betty kept gazing at the sky. She seemed
+fascinated, and finally asked,
+
+"Uncle Henry, there's a perfectly lovely star just a little way in front
+of _Perseus_, and three little ones near it. If I could name stars I
+would call them 'the hen and chickens,' wouldn't you?"
+
+All the children looked, and easily found the beautiful star. They
+couldn't have missed it, and neither can you, for it is one of the most
+brilliant in the sky and there are no others like it nearby.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "the big star and the three little ones do look
+like a hen and her chickens. I would call them that, too, Betty, but
+hundreds of years ago somebody named the bright star _Capella_, which
+means 'the goat,' and called the three little stars 'the kids,' so you
+see that they are named already."
+
+"A kid is the baby of a goat, isn't it, Uncle Hen?" inquired Peter.
+
+"Yes, that's the idea," said Uncle Henry, and went on, "Betty happens
+to have picked out the brightest star in the last constellation we are
+going to find. It is called _Auriga_, or the Charioteer. He hasn't his
+chariot with him."
+
+"How do we find _Auriga_?" inquired Paul.
+
+"He is very plain, almost as plain as _Orion_ himself," said Uncle
+Henry. "_Capella_ is at one corner of a five-sided figure, called a
+'pentagon.' (32) It is also in the left shoulder of _Auriga_. Find the
+tip of the left horn of _Taurus_, the Bull, and you will have another
+corner of the pentagon, and at the same time the right foot of _Auriga_.
+When you have those points it is easy to find the other three corners,
+which are the right shoulder, left foot, and the right hand of _Auriga_.
+He holds his whip in that hand. Even though he had to leave his chariot
+when he went into the sky, he insisted on taking his whip along. It
+comes in very handy, too, sometimes, when the two lions up there become
+fretful and uneasy. When you have found _Auriga's_ shoulder stars, just
+draw two lines upward to a star above and between them and you finish
+the charioteer's skeleton. The star at the point where the lines cross
+is in his head. See him, everybody?"
+
+The children had no trouble in putting in the stars and drawing the
+skeleton. Neither will you, for _Auriga_ is very conspicuous, and almost
+straight overhead in the evening about Christmas time.
+
+This is the way _Auriga_ looked on the blackboard:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the children had finished looking at _Auriga_, and _Capella_ the
+Goat and her three babies, Betty drew herself up very straight and said,
+trying to look very dignified,
+
+"Mr. Chairman, I move that The Society of Star-Gazers give Uncle Henry a
+note of thanks for giving us such an instructive, and--and--oh, we've
+liked your Christmas present an awful lot, Uncle Henry!"
+
+Peter was going to say that it was a _vote_ of thanks that people got
+from societies, but Betty was so earnest and dignified that he didn't
+really want to take her down just then, so he joined Paul in seconding
+the motion and was appointed by Betty as a committee of one to write the
+"note" and deliver it to Uncle Henry later.
+
+Uncle Henry looked quite serious, for him, and said that he had made up
+a little poem that they might like to hear while standing under the
+Christmas stars.
+
+The Society voted unanimously in the affirmative, so Uncle Henry
+recited,
+
+    "There was once a star of old,
+    Wonders to three wise men told.
+
+    Where it led, there followed they--
+    Stars had taught them how to pray,
+    How to know the Truth from lies--
+    God had taught them through His skies.
+
+    Where the star led, followed they,
+    Found the Christ-child, laid in hay--
+    To His mother, in the stable,
+    Brought Him gifts that they were able.
+
+    Stars lead us to Christmas Truth--
+    Let us look, with eyes of youth!"
+
+Then, in a moment more, Uncle Henry and the children were gone, and the
+sleepless, faithful stars were alone, brooding lovingly over their tiny
+baby brother, which we call the great world.
+
+
+
+
+The author desires to express his indebtedness to the following books,
+which have given him many hours of enlightening pleasure while riding
+the star-gazing hobby:
+
+  A Field Book of the Stars        Olcott
+
+  Star Lore of all Ages            Olcott
+
+  The Heavens and Their Story      Mrs. Maunder
+
+  Astronomy                        Jacoby
+
+  Astronomy from a Dipper          Clarke
+
+  New Astronomy                    Todd
+
+  Astronomy                        Lockyer
+
+He also wishes to add his appreciation of the monthly pleasure given by
+"The Evening Sky Map," published by Leon Barritt.
+
+
+Printed in the United States of America
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note:
+
+The original text has been preserved, but for the following exceptions:
+a few missing or extraneous quotation marks have been corrected, and
+on page 78 "be" was changed to "he" (had he failed to make good).
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Star People
+
+Author: Gaylord Johnson
+
+Release Date: November 4, 2011 [EBook #37916]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STAR PEOPLE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, eagkw and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+  THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+
+
+
+  [Illustration]
+
+  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+
+  NEW YORK � BOSTON � CHICAGO � DALLAS
+  ATLANTA � SAN FRANCISCO
+
+  MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED
+
+  LONDON � BOMBAY � CALCUTTA
+  MELBOURNE
+
+  THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD.
+
+  Toronto
+
+
+
+
+  THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+  BY
+
+  GAYLORD JOHNSON
+
+  WITH DRAWINGS ON SAND AND BLACKBOARD
+  BY "UNCLE HENRY AND THE SOCIETY
+  OF STAR-GAZERS"
+
+  "Why did not somebody teach me the constellations, and
+  make me at home in the starry heavens, which are always
+  overhead and which I don't half know to this day?"
+                                      --_Thomas Carlyle._
+
+  New York
+  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+  1921
+
+  _All rights reserved_
+
+
+
+
+  COPYRIGHT, 1921
+  BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+
+  Set up and electrotyped. Published June, 1921.
+
+
+
+
+  TO
+  BABY ANNE
+
+
+
+
+WHAT HAPPENED IN STARLAND
+
+                                                                 PAGE
+  FIRST EVENING--
+      In which the Society of Star Gazers is formed and
+        discovers Two Bears, one with a stretched tail              1
+
+  SECOND EVENING--
+      The Herdsman's Dogs chase Ursa Major and the terrible
+        Dragon wriggles away in fright                             12
+
+  THIRD EVENING--
+      Uncle Henry's magic turns the Lyre into a Ukelele, and
+        the Archer's arrow misses the Swan and hits the Scorpion   24
+
+  FOURTH EVENING--
+      The Virgin is too busy feeding her Sky Poultry, so
+        Cassiopeia gets the Ukelele to play                        31
+
+  FIFTH EVENING--
+      In which a Dolphin with an ear for music saves a Poet's
+        life--and Uncle Henry puts two birds in one poem           41
+
+  FIRST WINTER EVENING--
+      The "Society" learns why Orion needs a club to keep
+        Frisky Taurus in order, and why we say "By Jimini!" when
+        we're excited                                              52
+
+  SECOND WINTER EVENING--
+      In which the dogs of Orion and Gemini follow their
+        masters, Pegasus escapes as usual, and Andromeda gets a
+        nice soft bed of hay in place of her hard old rock         61
+
+  THIRD WINTER EVENING--
+      The Sky clouded over, but Peter found the Star People
+        hiding in the Almanac--Paul found that his head was the
+        World--and the "Society" found out about the Swastika and
+        the Zodiac, and how you tell when a Dipper is a Plough
+        and when it's a Wagon                                      78
+
+  FOURTH WINTER EVENING--
+      In which the "Society" meets the last of the Star People
+        and the beginning of Astronomy--and Betty proposes a
+        "Note" of thanks                                           99
+
+
+
+
+_TO HELP YOU FIND THE STAR PEOPLE IN THE SKY_
+
+_Whenever Uncle Henry draws a line to point out one of the star people
+you will find a figure, close to what he says, like this: (10)._
+
+_Find the same figure on one of the maps inside the front or back cover,
+and you will see the line that Uncle Henry drew--and find the star
+person or animal easily in the sky._
+
+_Numbers 1 to 17 can be located on the front cover maps. Numbers 18 to
+32 can be found on the maps inside the back cover._
+
+
+_To Use the Maps_
+
+_Face South and hold the map for the proper season over your head--with
+the top of the book toward the West and the bottom toward the East. You
+will then see the Star People in the same places they appear in the
+sky._
+
+_The maps are drawn for 9 o'clock on April 1st, July 1st, October 1st,
+and January 1st, but they will be found serviceable in the preceding and
+following month. When necessary consult the maps for the season coming
+before or after._
+
+
+WHERE TO FIND THE "PEOPLE" YOU WANT
+
+                                   _Where to  _Where to   _When You Can
+  _Names of     _How to            Look in    Look on     See Them in
+  Star People_  Pronounce_         the Book_  the Maps_   the Sky_
+
+  Andromeda    (an-drom'-e-d�)       Page 70  Number 25   Sept. to Feb.
+  Aquarius     (a-kw[=a]'-ri-us)       "  50    "    19   Aug.  "  Dec.
+  Aquila       (ak'-wi-l�)             "  48    "    17   June  "  Nov.
+  Aries        (a'-ri-[=e]z)           "  75    "    28   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Auriga       (�-ri'-ga)              " 105    "    32   Oct.  "  June
+  Bo�tes       (b[=o]-[=o]'-tez)       "  16    "     2   April "  Oct.
+  Cancer       (kan'-ser)              "  73    "    27   Jan.  "  June
+  Canes        (k[=a]'-nez
+    Venatici     ve-nat'-i-c[=i])      "  17    "     2   Feb.  "  Sept.
+  Canis Major  (k[=a]'-nis m[=a]'-jor) "  62    "    22   Jan.  "  April
+  Canis Minor  (k[=a]'-nis m[=i]'-nor) "  72    "    26   Dec.  "  May
+  Capricornus  (kap-ri-k�r'-nus)       "  49    "    18   Aug.  "  Nov.
+  Cassiopeia   (kas-i-[=o]-p[=e]'-ya)  "  35    "    12   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Cerberus     (seer'-ber-us)          "  38    "    14   April "  Nov.
+  Corona       (k[=o]-r[=o]'-n�
+    Borealis     b[=o]-r[=e]-a'-lis)   "  33    "    11   April "  Oct.
+  Cygnus       (sig'-nus)              "  21    "     4   June  "  Jan.
+  Delphinus    (del-fi'-nus)           "  44    "    16   June  "  Dec.
+  Draco        (dr[=a]'-ko)            "  23    "     5   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Gemini       (jem'-i-ni)             "  59    "    21   Dec.  "  June
+  Hercules     (her'-k[=u]-l[=e]z)     "  38    "    14   April "  Nov.
+  Leo          (le'-o)                 "  20    "     3   Feb.  "  July
+  Leo Minor    (le'-o m[=i]-nor)       "  20    "     3   Jan.  "  July
+  Lepus        (l[=e]'-pus)            "  64    "         Dec.  "  March
+  Libra        (l[=i]'-bra)            "  36    "    13   May   "  Aug.
+  Lyra         (l[=i]'-ra)             "  25    "     6   April "  Dec.
+  Ophiuchus    (of-i-[=u]'-kus)        "  42    "    15   May   "  Oct.
+  Orion        ([=o]-r[=i]'-on)        "  56    "    20   Nov.  "  April
+  Pegasus      (peg'-a-sus)            "  67    "    23   Aug.  "  Jan.
+  Perseus      (per'-s[=u]s)           " 102    "    30   Sept. "  May
+  Pisces       (pis'-[=e]z)            "  76    "    29   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Sagitta      (sa-jit'-a)             "  26    "    16   June  "  Dec.
+  Sagittarius  (saj-i-t[=a]'-ri-us)    "  27    "     7   July  "  Sept.
+  Scorpio      (sk�r'-pi-[=o])         "  29    "     9   June  "  Sept.
+  Serpens      (ser'-pens)             "  42    "    15   May   "  Oct.
+  Taurus       (t�'-rus)               "  58    "    20   Nov.  "  April
+  Triangulum   (tr[=i]-an'-g[=u]-lum)  "  75    "    31   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Ursa Major   (er'-sa m[=a]'-jor)     "   7    "     1   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Ursa Minor   (er'-sa m[=i]'-nor)     "  10    "     1   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Virgo        (ver'-g[=o])            "  33    "    10   April "  Aug.
+
+
+STAR PEOPLE ON MAPS BUT NOT TALKED ABOUT BY "THE SOCIETY"
+
+  (a) Hydra (h[=i]'-dra)    (d) Cepheus (s[=e]f'-[=u]s)
+  (b) Crater (kr[=a]'-ter)  (e) Cetus (s[=e]'-tus)
+  (c) Corvus (k�r'-vus)     (f) Eridanus ([=e]-rid'-a-nus)
+
+
+
+
+THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+FIRST EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE SOCIETY OF STAR-GAZERS IS FORMED AND DISCOVERS TWO
+    BEARS--ONE WITH A STRETCHED TAIL
+
+
+Uncle Henry sat on the porch of "Seven Oaks" Cottage, watching the new
+moon sink into the woods across Sand Lake.
+
+The ripples of the motor-boat that had carried "Sister" and "The
+Children's Father" away from the dock had gone from the glassy water.
+Over across the lake, at Pentecost station, they would catch the ten
+o'clock train, to be gone a week.
+
+Uncle Henry had urged "Sister" to go. He had said he was perfectly sure
+of being able to look after Peter and Paul and Betty for just seven
+days, but now that "Sister" was really gone Uncle Henry felt the size of
+the task he had undertaken.
+
+Of course he wasn't alone. There was big, wholesome Katy, the maid.
+"Competent Katy," he had at once named her to himself on his arrival two
+weeks before. The sleeping, eating, and dressing of twin ten-year-old
+boys and a seven-year-old girl would go on as usual without Uncle
+Henry's assistance.
+
+In the daytime he planned to take them fishing, berry-picking, sailing,
+and bathing. Target-practice with Peter and Paul's air-rifle would
+help, too, and there would be walks in the woods, and up to Brighton's
+farm house for the milk every evening.
+
+But between supper and bed was a gap that Uncle Henry thought might be
+hard to fill. He must think of some games. He didn't want to be a poor
+companion for his adored niece and nephews for even an hour of the time.
+
+Uncle Henry blew a cloud from his pipe and watched it eddy slowly away,
+filtering through the leaves of the oak-branches at the side of the
+porch. Then he looked up to the vaporous band of the milky way. Stars
+hung in it, sparkling. It was like a chiffon streamer with tiny diamond
+spangles--or a cloud of smoke, blown, with sparks, from the pipe of Pan.
+
+You will see right away that Uncle Henry was a poet, even if Pan's pipe
+wasn't the smoking kind. It might have been, as easy as not. Uncle Henry
+was wondering whether this last fancy might be made into a poem for his
+college paper, when the children's voices floated up from the beach.
+They were sitting on the smooth sand and singing in unison,
+
+    "Star bright, star-light--
+    Many's the star I see tonight.
+    Star bright, star-light--
+    Tell me, is it true?
+
+    I wish I may, I wish I might
+    Get the wish I wish tonight--
+    Star bright, star-light,
+    Tell me, is it true?"
+
+Uncle Henry took his feet off the porch-railing and allowed his chair
+to use all of its feet again. Then he leaned out by a post and looked
+straight up into the blue-black vault of a moonless July night sky. The
+stars were beautifully clear.
+
+Evidently Peter, Paul, and Betty were singing praise to the fact. They
+had clapped enthusiastically for themselves, and were now beginning the
+encore--a repetition of "Star bright, star-light."
+
+Uncle Henry's face had become thoughtful, and now he stepped down from
+the porch, and strolled down the boards to the dock. There he stood
+craning his neck backward and looking up, until the children had once
+more finished the verse, laughing and clapping. Evidently the applause
+for themselves was not enough this time, for there was no encore.
+
+Peter, his eye on Uncle Henry, flopped down on his back and began gazing
+upward, too. In a moment he called,
+
+"Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Yes, Pete," from the dock, where Uncle Henry was star-gazing in the
+opposite direction.
+
+"Why do they call 'the big dipper' the 'great bear'--and _is_ there any
+'little dipper'? Betty says there isn't, 'cause she never saw it."
+
+Uncle Henry stepped off the dock upon the smooth sand, kneeled down, and
+without answering began collecting little smooth pebbles.
+
+Peter sat up and asked in surprise,
+
+"Don't _you_ know, Uncle Hen?"
+
+Surely this genius, who could make new kinds of kites, and
+willow-whistles that "worked fine," was not going to fail now. The
+other children turned to him, expectant too. Betty herself was willing
+to be proved wrong about the existence of the "little dipper," rather
+than admit a limit to Uncle Henry's wisdom.
+
+"Let's make a nice, smooth place on the sand," said Uncle Henry, his
+hands now full of those mysterious pebbles. These he put into his pocket
+and began, on all fours, to smooth sand industriously.
+
+"Come on, youngsters," he invited, "and I'll let you settle the
+questions yourselves. We'll make a game of it," he added.
+
+The trio breathed easier. Uncle Henry _did_ know, and was going to
+tell--in a new, interesting way. Three pairs of hands started smoothing
+sand, with some waste of energy, but with rapid results.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, squatting down before the leveled place, and
+pouring out the pebbles in a little pile, "how many stones do you need
+to make the dipper, Pete? We'll draw it on the sand, with pebbles for
+stars."
+
+Three necks craned upward in unison, and the two boys' voices answered,
+almost together,
+
+"Seven."
+
+Betty gazed a moment longer, and said,
+
+"Eight."
+
+Uncle Henry looked interested.
+
+"Where do you see the eighth, Betty?" he asked.
+
+"Right close where the handle bends," announced Betty.
+
+"Correct," said Uncle Henry, "that shows you have good eyes. The Arabs
+used to call that little star 'the proof,' because it is a test of good
+eyesight to see it. The star at the bend of the handle is also called
+'the horse,' and that faint little star over it 'the rider.' You can
+make the dipper itself with seven pebbles, though. Go ahead and do it,
+Peter," Uncle Henry finished, "and take good-sized stones, to show that
+they're bright stars."
+
+When Peter had finished, the smooth patch of sand looked like this in
+the light from Uncle Henry's pocket electric torch.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty insisted upon adding a tiny stone above "the horse," to represent
+her discovery, "the rider."
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, looking upward, "I'll help you this much in
+finding all of 'the great bear.' The handle of the dipper is his tail.
+Everybody try to find the rest of him. Put down a pebble in the right
+spot for every star; big ones for bright ones, and little stones for
+faint ones."
+
+"Ooh," interrupted Betty, "I got his nose!"
+
+Here is where Betty put it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"--and his shoulders!" she added in a moment, putting them in with small
+pebbles.
+
+"I got his front leg!" announced Paul excitedly, adding three pebbles
+rapidly.
+
+Then the bear looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+It was Peter who contributed his hind legs and his "skeleton," made of
+finger-drawn lines in the sand. Like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And when Uncle Henry had drawn an outline in the sand with his finger,
+the "great bear" was done to everybody's satisfaction.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+While they were all looking at it, Uncle Henry recited,
+
+    "_Ursa Major_'s Latin--
+    And it means, 'the greater bear.'
+    _Ursa_'s 'bear,' and _Major_'s 'bigger,'
+    If you want to see his 'figger,'
+    At the dipper's handle stare--
+    That's the tail of _Ursa Major_.
+    Find his shoulders, nose, and toes--
+    Who first named him, no one knows."
+
+"Did you say, 'Noah'--or 'no one,' Uncle Henry?" asked Betty.
+
+"I said, 'no one,' but have it 'Noah' if you like," said Uncle Henry.
+"Maybe Noah named him. He was interested in animals, and Adam ought not
+to have the only right to name them."
+
+"Now let's find the little dipper!" urged Peter, anxious for a victory
+over Betty's doubts of its existence.
+
+"When we find it," announced Uncle Henry solemnly, "it won't be a dipper
+at all; it will be another bear--a little bear. You know that Noah had
+two of everything in his ark."
+
+"I told you there wasn't any little dipper!" shrilled Betty at Peter.
+
+"Uncle Henry said we'd find it, though," countered Peter, looking
+hopefully at the oracle.
+
+"So we will," laughed Uncle Henry, "the little dipper and the little
+bear are the same thing!"
+
+"Come on!" urged Paul, "how do we start, Uncle Henry?"
+
+Uncle Henry got up on his knees and drew a long straight line in the
+sand with his forefinger. (1) It went up through both stars in the
+middle of the great bear's body, and a long way beyond. Over three times
+the distance between the two stars the line went beyond them. Uncle
+Henry put down a fair-sized pebble at the end.
+
+"There," he said, "is the tip of the little bear's tail. Go ahead and
+find him; but I warn you--it's a very long tail, and you'll have to
+imagine his legs and nose."
+
+There was a moment's silence. Then Peter said,
+
+"I can't see any bear, but I _can_ make out a dipper."
+
+"Make it," said Uncle Henry.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When Peter finished putting down little pebbles the little dipper was
+very plain, just above the great bear's back.
+
+Then Uncle Henry solemnly drew an outline around the seven small
+pebbles.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Oooh, what a funny bear!" laughed Betty, when Uncle Henry's finger had
+finished. "His tail is so _long_!"
+
+"Bears always have _short_ tails," said Peter, looking reproachfully at
+Uncle Henry, as if that person was responsible. There was, however, a
+note of expectancy in Peter's voice. He expected a satisfactory
+explanation from Uncle Henry.
+
+"This bear _once_ had as short a tail as any other bear," said Uncle
+Henry, quite undisturbed.
+
+"Who stretched it?" inquired Paul breathlessly.
+
+"You will note," began Uncle Henry, "that the tip of the little bear's
+tail is a star that is right at the top of the North Pole. You can't
+_see_ the pole, but it's there--and long ago somebody tied the tip of
+the little bear's tail fast to it. As the earth turned around year after
+year, and the pole turned with it, the little bear was swung round and
+round by his tail. That would make anybody's tail stretch, wouldn't it?"
+
+There was a moment's quiet. Then Peter said roguishly,
+
+"You can't kid us into believing that, Uncle Hen--but we'll sure
+remember it."
+
+All Uncle Henry said was,
+
+"Your mother doesn't like you to talk slang, Peter."
+
+Uncle Henry had scored again, and knew it.
+
+"To-morrow night we'll find the dragon, and the man who drives the great
+bear around the pole, and his dogs, and maybe the lions and the swan,"
+promised Uncle Henry, as he looked at his watch and stood up.
+
+"Oooh, great!" cried the trio together.
+
+"We'll have a reg'lar Noah's Ark on that sand, won't we?" said Betty.
+
+"We'll call it 'Noah's Ark in the Sky,'" Uncle Henry agreed, as the
+children followed him up the walk to Seven Oaks Cottage.
+
+
+
+
+SECOND EVENING
+
+  THE HERDSMAN'S DOGS CHASE URSA MAJOR--AND THE TERRIBLE DRAGON
+    WRIGGLES AWAY IN FRIGHT
+
+
+The next evening Peter, Paul, and Betty were all down on the beach as
+soon as supper was over.
+
+Peter and Paul had that morning made a fence of laths around the sand
+drawings of the two bears--big, and little, so that "Rags," their
+Airedale puppy, could not spoil them.
+
+Now that "Rags" was asleep under the cottage, Peter and Paul removed
+the fence and smoothed the sand carefully for several yards around the
+bears, while Betty collected a quite unnecessarily large number of
+pebbles to represent the stars that would be found, with Uncle Henry's
+help, when the twilight faded.
+
+When all this was done the trio sat down beside the smoothed space and
+called to Uncle Henry, on the porch, that one star was already out and
+he had better hurry.
+
+"I'll come when you can see _Ursa Major's_ tail," called back Uncle
+Henry, and the children had to wait, although they shrilly announced
+each new star that glowed into sight in the darkening sky, and
+repeatedly urged Uncle Henry to "come on and begin!"
+
+The seven stars of the big dipper were all plainly visible when Uncle
+Henry came down the board walk and sat cross-legged on the sand.
+
+The first thing he did was to extend the line joining the last two
+pebbles in the great bear's tail until it was about five times as long
+as before, and curved slightly downward as it went. (2)
+
+"Now, Betty," he said, "give me a pebble--a good big one. This is a
+bright star we'll begin with; see if you can find it," and Uncle Henry
+put down the pebble at the end of the line, like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The three exclaimed, "I see it!" almost together.
+
+"All right, then, we'll find '_Bo�tes_,' the herdsman who drives _Ursa
+Major_ round the pole," said Uncle Henry. "He has two dogs to help him
+besides. We'll find them too."
+
+The children gazed upward for some time, intently silent.
+
+"I guess," observed Betty finally, "that you'll have to tell us whether
+that big star is the bear-driver's head--or one of his 'booties,' Uncle
+Henry."
+
+A duet of groans from Peter and Paul followed this example of the lowest
+form of wit.
+
+"I can't see anything that looks like a man the least bit," she went on,
+oblivious of the groans, "but I can see a kite, with that big star at
+the place where the tail would be fastened on."
+
+"Fine," said Uncle Henry, "Make the kite then, Betty--and then we'll
+find the herdsman after we've flown the kite a while. That's the
+wonderful thing about Starland. If you get tired of one of the beasts
+or people in it--presto! You can change him into anything he looks
+like to you. _Bo�tes_ is really much more like a kite than a man, so
+let's make the kite. Put the pebbles down, Betty."
+
+Betty did, and they looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"That was easy!" exclaimed Peter.
+
+"Never you mind, Mr. Peter!" Betty burst out warmly, "I found it first,
+anyhow!"
+
+"We'll let Peter find the bear-driver's head," said Uncle Henry
+judicially.
+
+Peter promptly picked the big star at the tail-end of the kite.
+
+"You're wrong," said Uncle Henry, "but I don't blame you. _Arcturus_ is
+much too bright and beautiful to be only a big, bright button on the
+lower edge of _Bo�tes'_ shepherd's kilt--but that is all it is. The star
+at the top end of the kite is his head, and the two stars at the ends of
+the cross-stick of the kite are his shoulders. About halfway from them
+to _Arcturus_ you can find the belt of his kilt, and----"
+
+"Oh, I see his legs!" interrupted Paul. "He's running after the big
+bear."
+
+"Put them in, Paul," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Paul did, and the figure of _Bo�tes_ grew to look like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"But he hasn't any arms!" said Peter.
+
+"Yes, he has," explained Uncle Henry, "his left one is up in the air,
+and his right one holds a shepherd's crook upon his right shoulder. Like
+this."
+
+Uncle Henry added pebbles and lines until _Bo�tes_ was finished.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"What awful short legs he has!" criticised Betty.
+
+"That must be why he's never caught the great bear," smiled Uncle Henry.
+
+"What's he shaking his fist for?" inquired Paul, pointing to the
+herdsman's left hand. "Is he so mad because he can't catch _Ursa
+Major_?"
+
+Uncle Henry did not reply, but drew two long lines from the uplifted
+hand downward to a point just below the end of the big bear's tail.
+
+"Oh, I know!" piped Betty, and throwing herself on her back, she began
+to star-gaze industriously.
+
+Peter and Paul looked at each other inquiringly.
+
+"The dogs!" said Peter. "Betty's looking for them. They're on leash of
+course. Those lines are the leashes."
+
+Uncle Henry smiled his pleasure.
+
+"The hunting dogs--or, as you would say it in Latin, _Canes Venatici_,
+are largely imaginary. There are six stars--three in each dog, and all
+faint except one, named _Cor Caroli_."
+
+"I see the bright one!" said Peter, and put down a fair-sized pebble to
+represent it. When the children had found the five other faint stars and
+Uncle Henry had finished drawing the dogs, _Bo�tes_ and his hunting
+hounds, _Asterion_ and _Chara_, looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Why do they call the bright star at the tail of _Chara_, _Cor Caroli_,
+Uncle Henry?" asked Paul.
+
+"It is Latin for 'heart of Charles,'" said Uncle Henry, "and the Charles
+they mean is Charles the Second of England, but don't ask me why, for
+I don't know. Perhaps the dog _Chara_ ran away with _Cor Caroli_. I
+understand that Charles the Second lost his heart pretty often, and
+perhaps one time he didn't get it back. Beware, Paul! I am Father
+William out of Alice in Wonderland; 'you have asked me three questions
+and that is enough.'"
+
+"Are you going to make a poem for us to-night, too?" inquired Betty
+hopefully.
+
+"Let me see," said Uncle Henry thoughtfully. "Great bear, _Bo�tes_,
+pronounced B[=o]-[=o]-tees, and two dogs--they ought to make some kind
+of a poem. How's this? I'll let you name it after you've heard it."
+
+    "The big bear runs, the herdsman runs,
+    His dogs, they both are chasing.
+
+    While Ursa growls, Bo�tes howls,
+    His dogs, they both are barking.
+
+    For Ursa stole Bo�tes' bowl
+    Of hot milk, set acooling.
+
+    His mouth burns yet, the bowl's upset,
+    The milky way is streaming."
+
+"The milky way to catch a bear," suggested Paul, as a name for the
+poem.
+
+"Who spilt the milk?" volunteered Peter.
+
+"The herdsman hasn't ever caught _Ursa Major_," said Betty reflectively,
+"so he's wasting his time chasing him. 'Don't cry over spilt milk' would
+be a good title, I think. He ought to be tending his silly sheep, if he
+has any."
+
+"I've got it!" exclaimed Peter, "'Ursa was a big bear; Ursa was a
+thief.' Like 'Taffy the Welshman,' you know."
+
+Since no one else had a better title, the "Society of Star-Gazers," as
+Paul had named it, let it go at that, and allowed Bo�tes to persist in
+his pursuit of the great bear for his ancient mischief.
+
+"I thought you were going to show us the lions to-night, Uncle Hen,"
+said Peter.
+
+"So I am, Peter," said Uncle Henry. "Tell me what you see just below and
+between _Ursa Major's_ hind feet."
+
+All the children looked, and Peter answered,
+
+"Three faint stars, like a triangle."
+
+"Put them in with pebbles," said Uncle Henry, and Peter did.
+
+"That's one lion; the little one. Now we'll find the big one and draw
+them both."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Then Uncle Henry drew a long line through the two stars at the root of
+the great bear's tail, and extended it to the three little pebbles in a
+triangle under the bear's feet, and through the triangle, and beyond as
+far again. At the end of this line he put a large pebble. (3)
+
+"There," said Uncle Henry, "is the star _Regulus_, which is in the big
+lion's heart. See if you can find the rest of him."
+
+Betty soon picked out the lion's head, and Paul added his hind quarters,
+and when Uncle Henry had drawn outlines around both big and little lions
+they looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now show us the Swan," urged Peter.
+
+"Yes, and the Dragon!" reminded Paul.
+
+"You children haven't forgotten a single one I promised," laughed Uncle
+Henry. "Well, here goes; everybody find the dipper again."
+
+Everybody did.
+
+"Now draw a line straight up through the middle of the dipper's bowl and
+keep on with it a little over three times the length of the dipper's
+handle. (4) Put a large pebble there and see if you can find the star.
+It's in the swan's tail, and he looks as if he was flying overhead, with
+his wings spread, and his long neck stretched out ahead of him."
+
+"Is he sort of like a cross?" inquired Betty after a moment.
+
+"Right," said Uncle Henry. "Put him in with pebbles."
+
+This shows how to find and draw the swan the way the children and Uncle
+Henry did.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now the dragon, Uncle Hen!" urged Peter.
+
+"Are you sure," said Uncle Henry, "that you promise not to have any bad
+dreams about the dragon if I show him to you before you go to bed?"
+
+"Sure!" chorused the Society of Star-Gazers.
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "the dragon is very terrible, but he is afraid
+of bears, so he is squirming away as fast as he can from them. He is
+wriggling a little faster too, because _Ursa Major_ is on one side of
+him and _Ursa Minor_ on the other. Draw a line through the stars in the
+tips of the swan's wings, back toward the head of the bear-driver, and
+you'll find the dragon's head about halfway. (5) It's a little triangle
+of stars, and from that the dragon's body winds around the little bear's
+body and down above the big bear's back."
+
+"I see all of him!" exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Here are the pebbles," said Uncle Henry, "put the dragon, or _Draco_,
+where he belongs."
+
+Paul did, and Uncle Henry finished him.
+
+"To-morrow night," said Uncle Henry, "we'll find some more of the star
+people and sky animals. They even have musical instruments in this
+Skyland of ours, so we'll find the lyre that the sky ladies play on! One
+of the sky gentlemen is a great archer, too, so we'll find him shooting
+his bow and arrow at a giant scorpion, and----"
+
+"Oh, let's find _that_ now!" pleaded Peter and Paul in unison.
+
+Betty did not join in the chorus. She was asleep, with her head in Uncle
+Henry's lap.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"To-morrow night," smiled Uncle Henry. "Betty will want to hear, too,
+about the sky lady's mandolin, or harp, or lyre, or whatever it is."
+
+Then he picked up the little girl without waking her, and the boys
+followed him up the walk into "Seven Oaks"--and bed.
+
+
+
+
+THIRD EVENING
+
+  UNCLE HENRY'S MAGIC TURNS THE LYRE INTO A UKELELE--AND THE
+    ARCHER'S ARROW MISSES THE LOVELY SWAN AND HITS THE HORRID
+    SCORPION
+
+
+Betty had been informed by her brothers that Uncle Henry had promised,
+after she fell asleep, to show the lyre that the star ladies play when
+they have nothing else to do.
+
+Since she had a new ukelele herself, and was learning to play it, her
+interest in all stringed instruments was keen, and as soon as the
+Society of Star-Gazers had come together on the beach the next evening,
+she demanded that the lyre be found.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "find the swan's wing, on the side of
+him toward the dragon. Get that? Well then, look for a very bright star
+between that wing and the swan's neck, and about the length of the
+swan's neck away from the tip of the wing. You can't miss it, for it's
+the brightest star anywhere near. Its name is _Vega_, and some one has
+called it 'the arc-light of the sky.'" (6)
+
+"I see it!" cried Betty and the boys together.
+
+"Look for two smaller stars that make a triangle with _Vega_, and then
+for three more that make a long diamond shape. That's right, Peter, put
+down the pebbles and finish the lyre."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It's sort of a harp on a foot!" said Betty in disappointment. "I want
+to make a ukelele of it."
+
+"Sure, easy as breathing," agreed Uncle Henry, and promptly rubbed out
+_Lyra_ from the sand, and made it over.
+
+After all, Betty was the baby and might have her own way whenever Uncle
+Henry had anything to say about it. And let no one say that the ancients
+had all the imagination, after seeing the ukelele that Uncle Henry made
+of _Lyra_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"We strive to please," he said as it was finished, and Betty clapped her
+hands.
+
+"Now we want to see the archer shoot the giant scorpion!" demanded Paul,
+speaking for the masculine part of the audience.
+
+"Just a minute," said Uncle Henry, "I'm coming to him. You can see one
+of his arrows if you look on the other side of the swan's neck, just
+opposite to Betty's ukelele. The archer shot at the swan and missed it."
+
+"Serves him right for trying to kill the beautiful swan. I love 'em!'"
+said Betty, with feeling.
+
+"You'll need to use very small pebbles," warned Uncle Henry, "for
+_Sagitta_ is rather small and quite faint."
+
+"What's _Sagitta_?" asked Peter.
+
+"Latin for 'arrow,'" said Uncle Henry.
+
+When the arrow was found and drawn, it was in this position.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now the archer!" demanded Paul.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry. "Paul, draw a line straight out from the
+head of the swan, right on in the direction he is flying, and go about
+twice the length of the swan's neck." (7)
+
+Paul did.
+
+"Now tell me," asked Uncle Henry, "does anybody see anything, about
+there, that looks like a bow and arrow?"
+
+The children searched the sky at a point a little over two swan's necks
+ahead of the swan's bill, and Peter cried triumphantly,
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"I see it! I see it!"
+
+"Make it then," said Uncle Henry, "and keep the bow in the right
+position to the swan's neck."
+
+When Peter had all the pebbles in their right positions, Uncle Henry
+drew in the archer's body, and bow and arrow, and they looked like this:
+
+"He's just getting ready to shoot at the scorpion!" exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and the other star people have to look out
+too. The people who lived long ago called _Sagittarius_, our archer,
+"the Bull Killer." They did this because when the stars of the archer
+rise in the east, they seem to drive all the stars of _Taurus_,
+the Bull, over the western edge of the world. So they said that
+_Sagittarius_ killed off the Bull. We'll find _Taurus_ next winter."
+
+"Now let's find the scorpion," urged Peter.
+
+"Wait a minute!" begged Betty, "I see another dipper."
+
+Peter was impatient. Dippers were not interesting, compared with giant
+scorpions.
+
+"Betty," he remarked, "wouldn't believe there _was_ a little dipper a
+few nights ago, and now she's seeing 'em everywhere."
+
+But Betty had her way as usual, and the Society of Star-Gazers paused
+before passing on to the scorpion.
+
+"Where do you see the new dipper, Betty?" Uncle Henry inquired with
+interest.
+
+"It's right back of the leg the archer is kneeling on." (8)
+
+"You're quite right," Uncle Henry agreed, "and it's called 'the milk
+dipper,' because it's right on the edge of the milky way."
+
+"Why that's the bowl _Ursa Major_ tried to get _Bo�tes'_ hot milk out
+of, and burned his mouth, and upset!" explained Betty, with a sudden
+inspiration.
+
+"So it is," agreed Uncle Henry, "although I must confess I never
+thought of the milk dipper when I made up that rhyme for you
+youngsters."
+
+"Now the scorpion!" insisted Peter.
+
+"Oh, have your old scorpion, then, Mr. Peter!" exploded Betty, "I don't
+want to see the horrid thing. I'm going to the cottage and show Katy the
+milk dipper."
+
+And she went.
+
+So it was with Peter and Paul alone that Uncle Henry found the scorpion
+that _Sagittarius_, the archer, is always aiming at. (9) It would have
+been easy for Betty to find, for it really looks a good deal like a
+scorpion. See if you don't think so when you've found it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+After Uncle Henry had shown the boys how the big, red star, called
+_Antares_, in the heart of the scorpion, has a reddish color, Peter
+suggested that it was probably red because the Archer had already shot
+an arrow through the scorpion's heart, and made it bleed.
+
+After that, since neither the boys nor Uncle Henry ever wanted Betty
+left out of anything, and since they knew she would have stayed if Peter
+and she hadn't wanted different things at the same time, the Society of
+Star-Gazers adjourned until the next evening.
+
+On the porch, however, Uncle Henry made up this poem and repeated it to
+Peter and Paul before they went in to bed.
+
+    "The Scorpion's heart has bled,
+    Antares-star is red,
+    The Archer made an arrow-wound,
+    But Scorpio isn't dead.
+
+    The Archer draws his strong-bow,
+    To shoot a sharp new arrow,
+    I hope he hits the Scorpion,
+    And kills the poisonous fellow."
+
+
+
+
+FOURTH EVENING
+
+  THE VIRGIN IS TOO BUSY FEEDING HER SKY POULTRY, SO CASSIOPEIA
+    GETS THE UKELELE TO PLAY
+
+
+Betty, in spite of her pretended lack of curiosity about the scorpion,
+was down on the beach the next evening ahead of the other members of the
+Society of Star-Gazers. Uncle Henry found her in the twilight, sitting
+cross-legged before the sand-drawing of _Scorpio_.
+
+As she searched the southern sky to find the constellation, she was
+singing Uncle Henry's verses about the archer and _Scorpio_ over and
+over, to a tune of her own improvising.
+
+The boys had made bows and arrows from green saplings during the morning
+and had raced about for some time with "Rags," in search of giant
+scorpions to shoot at. They discovered them in the most unexpected
+objects--trees, rocks, and even boats. The hunt had been accompanied by
+a war chant, with the scorpion verses for words. It was a faint echo of
+this that Betty was crooning to herself now.
+
+As Uncle Henry approached her she looked up at him and said,
+
+"Aren't there any ladies among the star people, Uncle Henry? You told
+about the lyre that they play on, but you haven't shown any of them to
+us."
+
+"Well, Betty," said Uncle Henry, sitting down beside her, "there are
+several ladies in our star country, but only two of them are in our
+sight in the summer time. Let's get the boys and we'll find both the
+ladies and take a vote to decide which of them shall have your
+lyre-ukelele to play on."
+
+Betty called, in her high little voice, for Peter and Paul to hurry, and
+they raced down from the porch with "Rags" in tow.
+
+"Uncle Hen," asked Peter, "'Rags' wants to know if there aren't any more
+dogs in the sky?" "Sure," said Uncle Henry, "sky folks are very fond of
+dogs. We've found the two that belong to the herdsman. Besides them,
+there are two others, but we can't see them 'til next winter. And, of
+course, there's _Cerberus_, the ugly, monstrous three-headed dog that
+Hercules killed. We'll find him to-night."
+
+"Oh, that's great!" said Peter, and he and Paul settled down with "Rags"
+between them. "Rags" looked expectantly at Uncle Henry, who said,
+
+"But first I've promised Betty to find the sky ladies that we can see
+now, and let one of them have the ukelele."
+
+"Rags'" ears dropped and he lost interest. Peter and Paul, however,
+remembering Betty's temper of the previous evening, said,
+
+"Of course, ladies first."
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "everybody find _Arcturus_ in the hem of
+_Bo�tes'_ kilt. Get that? Well, then, draw a line in the sand, Betty,
+from _Bo�tes'_ right shoulder through _Arcturus_, and extend the line
+about as far again. (10) Then look in the sky at that point for a bright
+star."
+
+"I see it!" cried Betty. The boys picked it out next moment.
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "it doesn't look much like an ear of corn,
+does it? That's what it is, though; an ear of corn held in the Virgin's
+left hand. Its name, _Spica_, means just that. The Virgin is scattering
+grains from the ear of corn with her right hand, to attract the birds of
+Starland--the swan, the eagle, and the dove. We'll find the eagle a
+little later on, but the dove is so far south that we never see it well.
+The boys and girls in South America see Noah's dove, but we can't."
+
+"Now," continued Uncle Henry, "follow along northward from _Spica_ to
+a point just below the big lion's tail. There is the Virgin's head.
+Between it and _Spica_ are two fairly bright stars. The one nearest
+_Spica_ is the Virgin's shoulder. Her left arm hangs at her side, from
+the shoulder to _Spica_, while her right arm extends in the direction of
+the great bear's tail. Put down the pebbles as fast as you find the
+stars, Betty."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When Betty and Uncle Henry had finished the Virgin, or _Virgo_, as she
+is called in Latin, she looked like this:
+
+Then Uncle Henry added the little half circle of small pebbles, with one
+larger one near the centre, shown in the picture just at the left of
+Bo�tes. (11)
+
+"What is that, Uncle Henry?" asked all the children at once.
+
+"Do you see it in the sky?" he asked,
+
+The children quickly found it.
+
+"What does it look like, then?"
+
+Peter thought it was a handful of corn-grains from _Virgo's_ hand.
+
+Betty said, "A necklace."
+
+"That's nearest right," said Uncle Henry. "It is called _Corona
+Borealis_, or the Northern Crown. That brightest star is named _Gemma_,
+so you see it might be a gem in a necklace, too. The Virgin looks as if
+she was going to bend over and pick it up. Perhaps she will some day."
+
+"I think," said Paul, "that she's too busy a person to give Betty's
+ukelele to. Who's the other lady?"
+
+"I quite agree with you," said Uncle Henry. "The Virgin seems very
+much occupied. Well, there is another lady in Starland. Her name is
+_Cassiopeia_, and since she has nothing to do but sit in a chair,
+perhaps Betty will let _Cassiopeia_ have the ukelele to play. _Virgo_
+won't be jealous, either, because she is clear across the sky from
+_Cassiopeia_; too far away to see. A long line drawn across the sky from
+_Spica_ through the pole star in the little bear's tail-tip will reach
+_Cassiopeia_. (12)
+
+"She is easy to find, because she looks just like a big letter W. Does
+anybody see it?"
+
+The trio all found the W very quickly. You will, too, for it is very
+conspicuous in the northeastern sky in July and August. Uncle Henry
+showed the children that _Cassiopeia's_ W had to be turned upside down,
+into an M, before she could be made to sit in her chair properly.
+
+Here is how _Cassiopeia_ looked:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"She hasn't a blessed thing to do. We'll give the lyre to her," said
+Betty.
+
+"I am glad to hear that you are going to give the ukelele to
+_Cassiopeia_," said Uncle Henry. "Perhaps it will make her feel
+happier. She has had a rather sad life. Long ago _Cassiopeia_ was
+queen of _�thiopia_, and was very beautiful. But she was so proud of
+her good looks that she boasted herself prettier than the lovely
+sea-nymphs. This made Neptune, the god of the sea, so angry that he
+sent one of his worst sea-monsters to make trouble along the shore of
+_Cassiopeia's_ country.
+
+"And as if that wasn't bad enough, Neptune demanded _Cassiopeia's_
+daughter _Andromeda_ as a sacrifice.
+
+"So you see it seems good to see _Cassiopeia_ getting a little justice
+done her, if it's only the present of a ukelele."
+
+"Teacher says," piped up Betty, "that the lady's statue on top of the
+Court House is '_Justice_.' What does she have that little pair of
+scales in her hand for, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"The scales are to help her in weighing the good and bad that people
+do," explained Uncle Henry, "and speaking of scales, there's a pair of
+them in the sky, too. If you will look between the _Scorpio_ and the
+Virgin you will find the scales. (13) They are called _Libra_, which is
+Latin for 'balance.' There are four main stars in _Libra_, which make an
+oblong."
+
+This is how _Libra_, the balance, looked when the children and Uncle
+Henry had finished drawing it:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Peter, with an air of having shown great patience, "we want
+to see that three-headed dog. I forgot his name."
+
+"_Cerberus_," said Uncle Henry, "But in order to find him we'll have to
+find _Hercules_, the great strong man, for _Hercules_ has _Cerberus_
+fast by one of his throats and is beating at his three ugly heads with a
+big club. At the same time, _Hercules_ has his left foot on the dragon's
+head, so you see he is kept busy."
+
+"Where do we begin?" asked Paul, impatiently.
+
+"Draw a line," said Uncle Henry, "from _Vega_ in the ukelele to _Gemma_
+in the _Northern Crown_; the Virgin's necklace we found a while ago, you
+know."
+
+Paul did it. (14)
+
+"Now," directed Uncle Henry, "look about half-way between, and you'll
+find _Hercules'_ legs. His left leg is nearly straight, but his right
+has the knee bent a little. _Hercules'_ legs and the sides of his body
+and his belt make sort of an H shape."
+
+"Oh, I see it!" exclaimed Peter. "Shall I make him, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Sure, go ahead, Pete; and the rest of you watch for _Hercules'_ head
+and arms."
+
+When the children had put down pebbles to represent all the stars in
+_Hercules_, and had connected them with lines in the sand, _Hercules_
+looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Oh," broke out Betty, excitedly, "he's got the ugly dog in his left
+hand!"
+
+Then she added the three heads of _Cerberus_, and it was Uncle Henry's
+turn to draw in the outline of _Hercules_, and complete the picture,
+like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"You have probably read," said Uncle Henry, "about the twelve great
+labors _Hercules_ performed. He had to be very strong to do them, but of
+course he was born that way. They say he even rose up out of his cradle
+and strangled two serpents that the goddess _Juno_ sent to destroy him."
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers became very enthusiastic about _Hercules_
+after he was all finished. So will you when you see how big and strong
+and beautiful he is, almost straight over your head in the summer sky
+just after dark. You will enjoy him more if you lie on your back to
+look, as the Society of Star-Gazers did on the beach.
+
+While they were all flat on the sand, looking up into the great
+blue-black, star-sprinkled bowl, Uncle Henry made up this poem, and
+recited it before the Society adjourned for the night:
+
+    "Hercules the strong man--
+      Feel his muscle!
+      Feel his muscle!
+
+    Hercules the strong man--
+      See him tussle!
+      See him tussle!
+
+    Right hand holds a club--
+      I can see;
+      I can see.
+
+    Left hand grips a throat--
+      One of three;
+      One of three.
+
+    Three-head dogs are freaks--
+      Queer to us;
+      Queer to us.
+
+    That's because you never saw--
+      Cerberus;
+      Cerberus.
+
+
+
+
+FIFTH EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH A DOLPHIN WITH AN EAR FOR MUSIC SAVES A POET'S
+    LIFE--AND UNCLE HENRY PUTS TWO BIRDS IN ONE POEM
+
+
+During the next day Peter and Paul had seen a blue-racer in the grass,
+and, with Rags' assistance, had chased it off into the woods behind the
+cottage.
+
+So it was only natural for Peter to ask Uncle Henry whether there were
+any snakes among the star creatures.
+
+Uncle Henry had said, "Two," and promised to show the children a very
+big one, and an old man having a struggle with it besides.
+
+Peter and Paul were expectantly waiting on the sand when Uncle Henry and
+Betty came down from the porch that evening after dark.
+
+"Now," said Peter, "where's the snake, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We'll begin with his head," said Uncle Henry. "Everybody find the
+northern crown, or _Virgo's_ necklace, and _Hercules'_ club. Now look
+just between them and you will see five stars in a sort of little cross,
+quite close together. Get that?" (15)
+
+The children soon found all five and put down little stones to represent
+them on the sand.
+
+"All right, then; now trace a line from star to star, down toward
+_Scorpio_, and then across toward the archer, and then up in the
+direction of the swan. That line is the _Serpent_. It is writhing in the
+hands of _Ophiuchus_, the old man who is called 'The Serpent-bearer.'
+His head and _Hercules'_ head are only a little way apart. Look for a
+bright star just east of the bright one in the head of _Hercules_ and
+you will have the head of _Ophiuchus_. Then look where his shoulders
+would naturally come and you will see two stars close together in each
+shoulder. Find them?"
+
+The children did, and placed pebbles for the head and shoulders of
+_Ophiuchus_.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "draw two long lines down from the shoulders,
+through the Serpent and beyond, and you will have the old man's body,
+legs and feet. One foot is just in front of the archer's bow; the other
+is just above the red heart of _Scorpio_. You will have to imagine his
+arms, and his hands holding the serpent while it squirms."
+
+When all the pebbles were down and all the lines were drawn, _Ophiuchus_
+and the serpent, or _Serpens_ in Latin, looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Are there any more snakes, Uncle Hen?" inquired Paul expectantly.
+
+"Yes, a sea-serpent made of very faint stars," said Uncle Henry, "but he
+is rather hard to trace out and the only other creature I have left now
+that is anything like a snake is a dolphin, or porpoise, and he isn't
+much like one. We'll find him, anyway, and then if you prefer to make a
+sea-horse out of the dolphin, or _Delphinus_, as you would say in Latin,
+why go ahead and do it. The animals in Starland are very obliging. They
+will turn into anything you like to see in them."
+
+"Where is the dolphin, Uncle Henry?" asked Betty.
+
+"Well," said he, "draw a line through the beak of the swan and the
+arrow, or _Sagitta_, and it will strike _Delphinus_. (16) The arrow is
+about halfway between the swan and the dolphin. See it?"
+
+The children soon found the dolphin and mapped his skeleton with
+pebbles. Then Uncle Henry put it to a vote of the Society of Star-Gazers
+whether _Delphinus_ should be finished up as a dolphin or a sea-horse.
+The vote was two to one for the sea-horse.
+
+Uncle Henry drew a sigh of relief; he didn't know quite what a dolphin
+looked like, and he had seen a picture of a sea-horse in the dictionary
+only the day before. So _Delphinus_ turned out to look like this. If you
+insist on having him a dolphin, why draw him differently yourself:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"I wonder," said Betty thoughtfully, "who rides the sea-horses. Do the
+mermaids, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"I don't know about the mermaids," he answered, "but I do know that an
+ancient poet and musician, named _Arion_, was saved from drowning by
+riding to shore on a dolphin. It was like this:
+
+"Arion had gone from his home on the island of Lesbos to Italy, and
+while there had made a great deal of money by his singing."
+
+"Just like Caruso in New York," exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and also like Caruso, _Arion_ decided to go
+home for a visit. Well, on the way to Lesbos the sailors decided to
+murder _Arion_ and get all the money he was taking home with him. He had
+gone on a regular pirate ship you see. The pirates were all ready to
+kill _Arion_, but he begged so hard to play just one little melody on
+his lute before he died that the pirate sailors said, 'Yes, he might
+play just one.' You would hardly believe it, but the melody that _Arion_
+played was so catchy and tuneful that it attracted a number of dolphins,
+who began to dance and turn somersaults about the ship. Then _Arion_
+watched his chance--and jumped over-board--and one of the friendly,
+music-loving dolphins carried him back to Lesbos on his back."
+
+"My, but I'm glad he got away from those awful pirates!" cried Betty
+with heartfelt fervor.
+
+"It's too bad the horrid sailors got his money after all," said Peter.
+"If they hadn't he might have got something nice for the dolphin to eat
+when he got to that place where he lived."
+
+"The dolphin fared better than that," Uncle Henry assured the children.
+"It pleased the sea god _Neptune_ so much to have one of his creatures
+save a poet's life that he had that dolphin put in the sky among the
+stars, and we see him there now as the constellation _Delphinus_."
+
+"What's next?" demanded Peter when the story of _Delphinus_ was
+finished.
+
+"The next three," said Uncle Henry, shaking his head sadly, "are the
+last."
+
+"The last?!!" chorused the Society of Star-Gazers incredulously.
+
+"Well, maybe not absolutely the last," admitted Uncle Henry, "but the
+last for this Summer. There is a whole dozen more of the Star People in
+our northern sky, but we can't see them until next Winter."
+
+"Why?" inquired Betty anxiously.
+
+"It's a long story," said Uncle Henry. "Sometime I'll tell you all of
+it, beginning with the fact that the pole of the earth always points to
+the north star, where the little bear's tail is fastened, you remember.
+I promise to show you all the rest of the star animals and people when I
+come home for my Christmas vacation. Will that do, if I show you a
+wonderful eagle to-night--and a sea goat and a water carrier to finish
+up with?"
+
+The children were disappointed, but they trusted Uncle Henry. He
+wouldn't stop showing animals and people until he had to; they all knew
+that.
+
+Peter said,
+
+"We'll have a whole dozen to look forward to next Christmas. Sort of a
+present from Uncle Henry. Come on, Uncle Hen, let's find the eagle and
+the sea goat and water carrier!"
+
+The others agreed with Peter.
+
+"The eagle, or _Aquila_," said Uncle Henry, "is easy to find because of
+a very bright star, called _Altair_, which is right in his neck. You
+will find it near the arrow, or _Sagitta_, between the end of the
+serpent's tail and _Delphinus_. (17) Does anybody see _Altair_?"
+
+"I do," said Betty, "it's right between two other stars that aren't so
+bright."
+
+"Right," said Uncle Henry. "Put down pebbles to represent all three,
+Betty, and we'll find the rest of the eagle, or _Aquila_, as it would be
+in Latin."
+
+When the three pebbles were in place they stood in this relation to
+_Sagitta_ and _Delphinus_:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "draw a line downward through the three stars
+and a little more than twice as far again and what do you see?"
+
+"Another star," said Paul.
+
+"Put it in," said Uncle Henry, "and then draw another line from the
+upper of the first three stars in the direction of the handle of the
+'milk dipper' in _Sagittarius_, the archer. Continue this about four
+times the length of the line that joins the first three stars together
+and you will find two fairly bright stars close together. That's right,
+Paul; put in the star you find about halfway down the line, too. Now
+draw a line from the two fairly bright stars back in the direction of
+the tail of the sea-horse, or _Delphinus_, until it almost meets the
+first line you drew. There you will find another fairly bright star. Now
+it is easy to finish the eagle's skeleton."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the eagle's skeleton was finished Peter thought it looked more like
+a big arrowhead than an eagle, but when Uncle Henry had drawn the
+outline of _Aquila_, the Society of Star-Gazers admitted the resemblance
+to the bird.
+
+"Now where's that sea goat?" inquired Peter.
+
+"Follow the line of the first three stars we found in _Aquila_ downward,
+and just a little way beyond where it ends in the tip of the eagle's
+wing you will see two rather faint stars, close together. (18) They are
+at one corner of a 'cocked hat' such as you make out of newspaper when
+you play soldier--sort of a Napoleon's hat. It is upside down. When you
+find it and put down pebbles for stars I'll show you how the good
+imaginations the ancient people had turned the cocked hat into a sea
+goat."
+
+This shows how _Capricornus_ the sea goat looked when the children and
+Uncle Henry had finished him. I leave it to you to decide whether or not
+he looks more like a cocked hat.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"When we have found _Capricornus_ the sea goat," said Uncle Henry, "it
+is easy to find _Aquarius_ or the water carrier. Just prolong the line
+that connects the goat's right foot with his tail until it runs close to
+a little triangle of three stars with another in the centre. (19) It
+looks a little like the head of the Serpent we found squirming in
+_Ophiuchus'_ hands, but it is the water-jar _Aquarius_ is carrying."
+
+"Oh, I see it," cried Paul.
+
+The other stars in _Aquarius_ were soon found and represented
+by pebbles. Then Uncle Henry drew the outline that finished the
+Water-Carrier, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now we're all through?" inquired Betty.
+
+"Until next Christmas," smiled back Uncle Henry.
+
+"Can't we have just one more poem?" teased Paul.
+
+"What shall it be about?" asked Uncle Henry, with the air of a man who
+could write a poem to order on any subject.
+
+"One about the lovely swan," commanded Betty, "you haven't made one up
+about the swan."
+
+Uncle Henry was in a quandary; he wanted to please everybody with the
+last poem. He lay down on his back and looked up at the sky for so long
+that the children thought he must have fallen asleep. Finally Uncle
+Henry began to recite,
+
+    "The eagle of Starland
+    Got tired of his tree,
+    And challenged the swan to a race.
+
+    'Come up from the water!
+    Fly up and be free!
+    To northward I'll beat you a chase.'
+
+    The swan thought of shivers
+    And icebergs and frost--
+    He made up his mind to race South.
+
+    So they are still flying--
+    Their race can't be lost--
+    Till Gabriel blows with his mouth."
+
+"What'll Gabriel blow?" inquired Peter when the hand-clapping had
+stopped.
+
+"His trumpet, of course, silly!" answered Betty for Uncle Henry.
+
+Just then the children heard a toot from an automobile horn that they
+all recognized, and the Society of Star-Gazers raced with Uncle Henry
+back up to "Seven Oaks Cottage."
+
+"Sister" and "the Children's Father" had come back from their trip and
+had surprised everybody.
+
+The summer sessions of the Society were over.
+
+
+
+
+FIRST WINTER EVENING
+
+  THE "SOCIETY" LEARNS WHY ORION NEEDS A CLUB TO KEEP FRISKY
+    TAURUS IN ORDER--AND WHY WE SAY "BY JIMINI!" WHEN WE GET
+    EXCITED
+
+
+Uncle Henry came, as he had promised, to spend his Christmas holidays
+with "Sister," "the Children's Father," Peter, Paul and Betty, in their
+city apartment.
+
+The children's hope for fair weather in Christmas week was not
+disappointed either. The days were snowy and sunny and the nights frosty
+and clear.
+
+Only one thing had worried the "Society of Star-Gazers"--what was to
+take the place of the smooth sand of the beach when Uncle Henry should
+begin to point out the sky people that were visible in the winter sky?
+There were pebbles, it was true, on the flat roof of the apartment
+house, but there was no sand.
+
+The children were certain, however, that Uncle Henry would find a way,
+as he always did, and sure enough, when he arrived he brought, as one of
+his Christmas gifts to the children, a wonderful blackboard, an easel to
+stand it upon, and plenty of white chalk.
+
+After dinner on the first night of Uncle Henry's visit, the Society of
+Star-Gazers was bundled up in warm coats and mufflers and he led the
+way to the roof, carrying the blackboard and his pocket electric
+flashlight.
+
+Far above the lights of the city arched the great, blue-black bowl of
+the sky, filled with the sparkling patterns of stars that the children
+had learned to know as steadfast, unchanging friends.
+
+"Uncle Henry," said Betty, "you've told us about enough animals to
+really fill a Noah's ark, but we've never heard anything about Noah
+himself. Isn't there any Mr. Noah in the sky?"
+
+"Well, Betty," said Uncle Henry, "There isn't any constellation that's
+named for Noah, but he was a great hunter, and since there is a great
+hunter in the sky, we can call him Noah if we want to, even if his last
+name is _Orion_."
+
+"Noah O'Ryan!" laughed Paul. "I know a boy named Michael O'Ryan."
+
+"It's not the same spelling," said Uncle Henry, as he turned the
+flashlight on the blackboard while he wrote the word upon it, and
+underneath, made three large chalk dots, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Find those three stars," said Uncle Henry, "and you will have the _belt
+of Orion_. It ought not to be hard to find them, for there are no other
+stars like them anywhere in the whole sky. Those three stars have
+always attracted a lot of attention from people in all times and
+countries. In the Bible Job calls them 'the bands of Orion'; the Arabs
+called them 'the Golden Nuts'; the fierce Masai Tribe in Africa call
+them 'the three old men'; the ancient Chinese named Orion 'Tsan,' which
+means 'three'; and to the Eskimos these three stars appear to be the
+three steps that a Starland Eskimo cuts in a snowbank when he wants to
+climb to the top of it."
+
+The children soon found _Orion's_ belt about a third of the way up the
+southeastern sky.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "see who can find his shoulders first. Here is
+a piece of chalk for each of you. Put the shoulders in as soon as you
+see them."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Paul found _Orion's_ right shoulder, and Betty his left, and made large
+chalk dots to show how bright and beautiful the stars that mark the
+shoulders are.
+
+"Oh, I see his feet!" exclaimed Betty delightedly.
+
+"Put them in then," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Then _Orion_ looked like this on the blackboard:
+
+"I'll tell you this much more," said Uncle Henry, "and then you must
+finish _Orion_ by yourselves. He has a great club, raised, ready to
+strike, in his right hand, and he holds a lion's skin on his left arm,
+as a shield."
+
+"What's he going to hit at?" inquired Peter, with his boy's joy in
+battle uppermost.
+
+"At _Taurus_, the wild bull," said Uncle Henry. "You can see that
+_Taurus_ is very fierce, and would enjoy nothing better than to chase
+the twin star boys round and round the sky. He might not really want to
+hurt the boys, whose names are _Castor_ and _Pollux_, but _Taurus'_
+horns are very sharp and he doesn't know how to play gently, so it keeps
+_Orion_ pretty busy getting between him and _Gemini_ and threatening the
+bull with his club."
+
+"What's 'jimini,' Uncle Hen?" said Paul. "Sounds like our swear word."
+
+"It _is_ the origin of it," said Uncle Henry. "The ancient Romans used
+to swear 'by _Gemini_,' and it has slowly been changed into your
+'jimini.' _Gemini_ is the Latin word that means 'twins.' We'll find them
+after we finish up _Orion_ and _Taurus_, and then you'll see just how
+_Orion_ keeps protecting them from the bull."
+
+"Hurry up, Uncle Hen!" urged Peter. "I'm dreadful excited!"
+
+Uncle Henry did, and as a result _Orion_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Ooh! he's got a sword, too!" cried Paul, as Uncle Henry added the three
+tiny stars below _Orion's_ belt, and drew the outline around them.
+
+"Why didn't he use the sword on _Taurus_?" asked Peter.
+
+"Because he knew _Taurus_ was only playing in his rough way," Uncle
+Henry replied.
+
+"Well, we've heard a lot about that bull," said Betty. "Let's find him
+right away."
+
+Uncle Henry said nothing, but took the chalk from Betty and drew a light
+line from _Orion's_ right foot to his left shoulder, and continued it
+upward about the same distance. (20)
+
+"There," he said, "that point is just between the bull's horns and over
+his right eye. The right eye of _Taurus_ is a very bright star called
+_Aldebaran_. Anybody see it?"
+
+"Oh, I do!" said Paul. "What, hasn't _Taurus_ any left eye, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"He has," said Uncle Henry, "but he has it closed just now. He's winking
+it at _Orion_ as much as to say, 'Oh, I act fierce, but I wouldn't hurt
+those twins after all. I'm just playing.' Go ahead and put in the stars
+for the bull's head and horns as fast as you find them, youngsters."
+
+The children did, and when Uncle Henry had showed them the fore legs and
+shoulder, which contains the beautiful little group of faint stars
+called the _Pleiades_, _Taurus_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now we want the twins!" cried Betty.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "follow a line straight up the bull's
+left horn and a little more than the length of the horn beyond its tip
+and you will reach _Castor_, the head of the fainter twin." (21)
+
+Peter and Paul began to show great interest, because they were twins
+themselves. They demanded that each be allowed to select one of the sky
+children and finish him completely, without Uncle Henry's assistance.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Paul, having first choice because he was twenty minutes younger than
+Peter, selected _Pollux_, and Peter had to be contented with the less
+bright _Castor_.
+
+It was not a difficult task for either of the boys, after finding the
+twin star _Castor_, for the head of _Pollux_ is quite close beside it
+and the bodies of both star children stand side by side, with the feet
+just above _Orion's_ uplifted club.
+
+When _Gemini_, the twins, were finished, the blackboard looked like
+this, and since the children's fingers were so stiff with the cold that
+they could hardly hold the chalk, Uncle Henry moved that the Society of
+Star-Gazers adjourn until the next evening.
+
+
+
+
+SECOND WINTER EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE DOGS OF ORION AND GEMINI FOLLOW THEIR MASTERS,
+    PEGASUS ESCAPES AS USUAL, AND ANDROMEDA GETS A NICE SOFT BED
+    OF HAY IN PLACE OF HER HARD OLD ROCK
+
+
+"Uncle Hen," said Peter, when the Society was assembled round the
+blackboard, in overcoats and mittens, on the following night, "what is
+that very bright star that is down behind _Orion_? It looks sort of
+important to me."
+
+"Right you are, Pete," answered Uncle Henry, looking where the boy
+pointed, "it _is_ important. It is the star _Sirius_, the brightest star
+in the whole sky. We'll begin with it and find _Orion's_ dog, or _Canis
+Major_, which is Latin for 'bigger dog.'"
+
+"That's great!" exclaimed Paul, "you told us last Summer that we'd find
+him this Christmas-time."
+
+"So I did," agreed Uncle Henry. "Well, you can always find _Orion's_ dog
+by drawing a line through _Orion's_ belt and extending it behind him
+until it meets _Sirius_. (22) You can't miss it because it's so bright.
+Everybody see it?"
+
+Everybody did.
+
+"Now," went on Uncle Henry, "extend the line that came from _Orion's_
+belt, curving it slightly downward after it passes through _Sirius_, and
+you will have the dog's backbone. Put in the chalk dots as we find the
+stars, Pete. Now draw lines upward and downward from _Sirius_, at right
+angles to the backbone line and you will have the dog's forelegs and
+ears. At a point on the backbone about twice the length of the foreleg
+from _Sirius_, you will find another fairly bright star, and below it a
+little way another star. Connect these two and keep on with the line, at
+right angles to the backbone, and you will find one hind foot. The other
+is not far in front of it. Yes, that's right, Betty, there's a star in
+the tip of his tail, too. And the three stars near _Sirius_ make _Canis
+Major's_ nose."
+
+The children soon finished the skeleton and Uncle Henry took the chalk
+and put the flesh upon it. Then the dog of _Orion_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"He's a faithful old fellow, isn't he?" said Betty, "to always follow
+Mr. _Orion_ around like that?"
+
+"I'm not always sure," said Uncle Henry, "whether the dog of _Orion_
+would always be so faithful if it wasn't for the rabbit that is always
+just ahead of him, almost under _Orion's_ feet."
+
+"Oh, show us the rabbit!" cried Betty. Her father had promised her that
+when they all went to live in a house in the country, she should have a
+pair of them for her very own.
+
+"All right, Betty," said Uncle Henry. "You can find _Lepus_, the rabbit,
+yourself. The three rather faint stars just below _Orion's_ right foot
+make the curve of his back. Join them together with a curved line and
+extend it forward and downward until it passes through two brighter
+stars. The lowest of these is in the fore-shoulder of the rabbit. Now
+draw lines backward from both of these brighter stars, at about right
+angles to the line that joins them, and you will find the rabbit's hind
+hip and hind foot. He is lying down for a moment to rest. You see he's
+been galloping away from _Canis Major_ for such a long time that he is
+tired."
+
+"Poor little rabbit!" cried Betty, and her little face looked so pitiful
+in the light of the electric torch that Uncle Henry hastened to reassure
+her by saying that the big dog had never yet caught the rabbit, and by
+the very nature of things never could. Then she took heart to go on
+putting in the stars.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "you can find the star in the rabbit's eye by
+drawing a line forward from the upper one of the brighter stars, and the
+star in his fore-foot by drawing another forward and downward from his
+fore-shoulder. That finishes his skeleton, all except his ears. They
+are made by finding four faint stars just under _Orion's_ left foot, and
+using two of them in each ear."
+
+"Now can I draw his outline in, too?" asked Betty. "I want to make every
+bit of him myself."
+
+"Of course you can!" exclaimed Uncle Henry indulgently.
+
+"You've got to let me make all of the horse, then, when we come to him!"
+exclaimed Peter.
+
+"In just a little while, Pete," said Uncle Henry, "we're making the
+rabbit now."
+
+"All right," agreed Peter.
+
+Betty had looked longingly at rabbits in pet stores so often that she
+really did very well at drawing the outline of the sky-rabbit.
+
+We leave it to you to better it. You can't--unless you love rabbits more
+than she did.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty's brothers were quite astonished, and pleased the little girl
+immensely by clapping their hands when the rabbit was finished.
+
+"Now let me do the horse!" demanded Peter.
+
+"What'll be left for me to do?" inquired Paul wistfully, "if you let
+Pete do the horse?"
+
+"That'll be all right, Paul," reassured Uncle Henry, "the sky horse is
+very large, but we'll give you two smaller animals to do yourself to
+make up for him--_Aries_, the ram, and _Canis Minor_, the smaller dog."
+
+"Fine," agreed Paul. "I know all 'bout rams."
+
+The children laughed gleefully. Paul had been butted over once by a ram
+when they were on a summer visit to their grandfather's farm.
+
+"Well, Pete," said Uncle Henry briskly, "you'll find _Pegasus_, the
+horse, grazing clear on the other side of the star field. Somebody built
+a box stall for him over there, but he's so big and strong that he
+doesn't stay in it except when he feels like it. He's all the time
+leaping the fence and escaping. When you find him, you'll see that he's
+doing that very thing now. In fact, you'll catch him right in the act!"
+
+"Oh, let's hurry then!" said Peter, "he might be out before we see him
+do it!"
+
+"Everybody find the big dipper," directed Uncle Henry. "You remember how
+we found the pole star in the tip of the little bear's tail by drawing a
+line up through the 'pointer stars' of the dipper's bowl, on the side
+away from the handle? Well, do that again now, and follow the line
+through the pole star, passing behind _Cassiopeia_ in her chair, and
+continuing until your line passes through two fairly bright stars quite
+a distance apart. (23) A line connecting these stars marks the top edge
+of _Pegasus'_ box stall, which is called 'the square of _Pegasus_.'"
+
+"_Cassiopeia_ is about halfway between the pole star and _Pegasus_. A
+line drawn from the pole star through the back of _Cassiopeia's_ chair
+will reach the two stars that form the lower corners of _Pegasus'_ box
+stall." (24)
+
+"Oh, I see the square now," said Peter.
+
+"Me, too," said Paul.
+
+"It's very big, isn't it?" said Betty.
+
+"Yes," agreed Uncle Henry, "and _Pegasus_ is big, too. He is upside down
+just now, with his head just above the western horizon. His nose points
+northward toward _Delphinus_ and his neck curves up from the side of the
+box stall that's away from the pole star. His fore feet curve up from
+the side of the square that is toward the pole star, and both feet point
+toward the swan."
+
+"I see him now," cried Peter, and began putting in the chalk dots and
+lines for the framework of the box stall and the skeleton of _Pegasus'_
+head and forelegs, which are all of him that can be seen. As Uncle Henry
+said, _Pegasus_ is just in the act of jumping out of his stall.
+
+When Peter had finished drawing _Pegasus_, the horse of poets looked
+like this. Uncle Henry put in the arrows pointing from the pole star,
+and the skeletons of _Delphinus_ and the swan.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It seems to me," observed Paul sagely, "that _Pegasus'_ box stall is a
+lot too small for him."
+
+"That's why he is all the time jumping out and running away," explained
+Uncle Henry. "I told you that we should catch him in the act. He's
+always at it."
+
+"Pete's had his turn; now I want to find the ram and the little dog,"
+said Paul.
+
+"If you'll wait just a little longer," said Uncle Henry, "I'd like to
+show Betty the last of the sky ladies, because she's right close to
+_Pegasus_."
+
+Paul's face fell a little, but he said, "Ladies first, of course," as
+any gentleman would.
+
+"I said she was a lady," said Uncle Henry, "but I'm not so sure that she
+is acting like one. In fact, she is in an attitude that few ladies would
+like to be seen in, at least not in the plain view of everybody who
+looks at the sky."
+
+"What's she doing, Uncle Henry?" inquired Betty, in a tone that said, "I
+guess it can't be anything so _very_ bad."
+
+Betty was herself fond of climbing trees, in spite of motherly
+disapproval of such tomboy activities.
+
+"She's lying flat on her back, with her arms and legs sprawled out and
+her head resting against the corner of _Pegasus'_ box stall. I should
+think it might be very uncomfortable for her, unless she is lying on a
+pile of hay, for _Andromeda_ has been there a very long time in the same
+position. The ancient Greeks said that _Andromeda_ was chained to a
+rock. Let's not have her that way; it would be so disagreeable."
+
+"She's probably asleep and doesn't notice, but we'll give her the hay,"
+said Betty. "There's nobody to tell her not to lie down where she likes.
+How do we find her, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"First look for her head," said Uncle Henry. "It is the same star we
+found forming the lower corner of _Pegasus'_ square on the side toward
+the pole star. _Andromeda's_ feet are just below the W-shaped
+_Cassiopeia_. A line drawn from the swan's beak through his tail, and
+extended across the sky, will reach the stars in the feet. (25) Another
+line drawn diagonally across the square of _Pegasus_ to _Andromeda's_
+head and extended will pass along her body, and farther on, her left
+foot will be seen just above the line. You see her now, don't you,
+Betty?"
+
+"Yes," said Betty, "and I think I see her arms."
+
+"All right, draw her in," Uncle Henry encouraged.
+
+Betty did, but didn't think she could draw well enough to outline the
+sleeping girl, so Uncle Henry did that. Then _Andromeda_ looked like
+this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty added a few lines to show that _Andromeda_ was lying on a pile of
+hay, instead of being chained to that hard rock the Greeks insisted
+upon.
+
+"What is that fuzzy little star just to her right, about at her hip?"
+asked Paul.
+
+"I'm glad you noticed that," said Uncle Henry. "The astronomers who
+lived ever so long ago, long before the birth of Christ Jesus, noticed
+that it looked 'fuzzy,' just as you have, and called it 'the little
+cloud.' It is now called 'The Great Nebula in _Andromeda_.' If you
+looked at it through a telescope you would see that it is not one star,
+but a great many. Some of them, as astronomers who live now tell us, are
+as large as our sun."
+
+"Ooh, how wonderful!" said Betty softly, and the boys' faces showed that
+they thought so, too.
+
+"Some night," promised Uncle Henry, "we'll bring up a little telescope
+and look at 'the little cloud' again. It is a fine sight."
+
+"Now," said Paul after a moment, "please can I find the ram and the
+little dog?"
+
+"Certainly," said Uncle Henry. "Just as _Canis Major_, the bigger dog,
+follows _Orion_ and belongs to him, so _Canis Minor_, the littler dog,
+follows and belongs to the star children, the twins named _Gemini_."
+
+"Ooh!" exclaimed Betty, "just like 'Rags' belongs to Peter and Paul!
+We'll call the little dog 'Rags' when Paul finds him."
+
+"Fine!" laughed Uncle Henry, "but I warn you that he won't come when you
+call him as well as the real live 'Rags' answers to his name."
+
+"Where do I start?" inquired Paul, anxious to have his chance to draw.
+
+"At the feet of the twins," directed Uncle Henry. "Draw a line through
+their feet and extend it away from the feet of _Pollux_, in the
+direction away from _Taurus_, the bull. (26) At a point about as far
+away from the foot of _Pollux_ as the height of the twins you will find
+a bright star, and between it and the foot of _Pollux_ a fainter one.
+Draw a line to connect them, and you have the little dog's backbone. You
+can fill in the rest of him any way you like, for those are the only two
+stars he has in him. I'll tell you one thing, though. The brighter star
+is at the little dog's tail instead of his head. The opposite was the
+case with _Orion's_ dog."
+
+The children found the two stars very easily and Paul put down dots of
+the right size to represent them. Then he drew the outline of the little
+sky dog, making him an Airedale, as you can see, so that he might be the
+same as his beloved flesh and blood name-sake "Rags."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now that we've found the two dogs, that makes it easy to find _Cancer_
+the Crab," said Uncle Henry. "Just draw a line from _Sirius_, in the
+Big Dog, through the Little Dog, and extend it almost as far again. (27)
+That's right. Now what do you see?"
+
+The children searched the sky for some time, and Betty finally said,
+"Sort of a sprawly bunch of six or eight rather faint stars."
+
+"Make little chalk-dots for them, then, Betty, and we'll try our best to
+make them look like a crab."
+
+This shows how _Cancer_ the crab looked when he was finished on the
+blackboard, and how he crawls in the sky away from _Canis Major_ and
+_Gemini_, the twin boys. Perhaps he has learned by experience to leave
+boys and dogs as far behind as possible.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now let's find the ram!" said Paul. "I want to draw him."
+
+"The ram," said Uncle Henry, "is very small, and is made of only three
+stars. A line drawn from the top corner of _Pegasus'_ box stall, on the
+side next the pole, going straight down the side, and extended below it
+one and a half times the height of the stall, will point to the ram.
+(28) You can also locate _Aries_, the Ram, by drawing a line from the
+star in the swan's tail, across the stars in _Andromeda's_ hips, and
+beyond them a little more than the distance from her head to her hips.
+Don't mistake a little triangle of stars that you will see just below
+_Andromeda's_ left leg for the three stars of _Aries_. _Aries_ is a
+triangle, also, but it has _two_ fairly bright stars, while the triangle
+has only _one_. Do you all see _Aries_, the Ram?"
+
+The children had all found it after a few moments, as well as the
+triangle under _Andromeda's_ feet. When Paul had made the chalk dots and
+lines for _Aries'_ skeleton, Uncle Henry drew the outline around them
+and the ram looked like this. You will see that in order to show _Aries_
+right side up, the blackboard had to be turned so that _Andromeda_ was
+upside down.
+
+"While we are in the neighborhood of _Pegasus_ and _Andromeda_ and
+_Aries_ the Ram we may as well find the two fishes. One of them, called
+the _Northern Fish_, lies just about halfway between _Andromeda's_ body
+and _Aries_--and the other, called the _Western Fish_, lies just back of
+_Pegasus'_ box stall, quite close to the water jar of _Aquarius_. (29)
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"The two fishes are tied together by their tails. The cord or ribbon
+runs eastward from the tail of the _Western Fish_, running about
+parallel to the side of _Pegasus'_ stall, and then makes a sharp angle,
+coming back toward _Andromeda_, where it is fastened to the _Northern
+Fish's_ tail."
+
+When _Pisces_, or "The Fishes" were found and drawn with chalk they were
+in this relation to _Pegasus_, _Andromeda_, _Aries_, and _Aquarius'_
+Jar.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"While I think of it," said Uncle Henry, "I want to tell you that
+sometimes you may find a very bright star in a constellation where it
+doesn't seem to belong. If you watch it for a few nights you will see
+that it moves. It isn't a star at all, but a _planet_ or "wanderer."
+Sometime I'll show you how to know all the planets by sight and name.
+You will never see them except in the zodiac constellations, so they
+need not confuse you. And now I think all of us had better go downstairs
+and get warm before we go to bed. Besides, we want to leave a little to
+do to-morrow night, and there are only two constellations left now."
+
+"Only two?" cried the children in disappointment.
+
+"Only two that we can see well," assured Uncle Henry.
+
+"Well," said Peter, "I guess we'd better have the Society adjourn. I
+move we adjourn."
+
+"Second the motion," said Paul, with true parliamentary solemnity.
+
+"Carried," murmured Betty, who was beginning to get sleepy in spite of
+herself.
+
+
+
+
+THIRD WINTER EVENING
+
+  THE SKY CLOUDED OVER, BUT PETER FOUND THE STAR PEOPLE HIDING IN
+    THE ALMANAC--PAUL FOUND HIS HEAD WAS THE WORLD--AND THE
+    "SOCIETY" FOUND OUT ABOUT THE SWASTIKA AND THE ZODIAC, AND
+    HOW YOU TELL WHEN A DIPPER IS A PLOUGH AND WHEN IT'S A WAGON
+
+
+Next evening Peter and Paul carried the blackboard to the roof after
+supper, but soon returned in disappointment. The sky had all clouded
+over! The evening's session of the "Society of Star-Gazers" was spoiled.
+Its members stood in a circle about Uncle Henry and looked hopefully at
+him. Never yet had he failed to make good in an emergency.
+
+"Well, it can't be helped," said Uncle Henry cheerfully. "We'll just
+have to bring Starland down here into our playroom for this evening.
+Suppose you get me--let's see--about a dozen sheets of paper from a big
+scratch pad, some of Betty's colored crayons--they had better be the
+dark-colored ones--and a good-sized sheet of stiff cardboard or Bristol
+board. Yes, and some pins and an Almanac. Betty'll get the colored
+pencils, Paul the cardboard, and Peter the sheets of paper and the pins.
+I'll borrow the Almanac from Katy. She has one in the kitchen."
+
+The children scattered for the materials and Uncle Henry took the shade
+off the electric lamp that stood on the playroom table.
+
+When everybody was back in the playroom with the things needed the
+Society gathered around Uncle Henry and asked,
+
+"Where do we go from here, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Out into Starland," said Uncle Henry, spreading out his arms wide.
+"This room is the universe. This lamp with the shade off is the sun.
+Imagine that the pictures on the walls are groups of stars, the
+constellations, the star-people we have been finding in the sky right
+along. Imagine that there are pictures on the ceiling, too, and on the
+floor. Lots of them, all over the six sides of this square room.
+
+"Now Paul, you have a nice round head and have just had a hair-cut. Your
+head can be the earth. Just walk around the table once or twice until we
+get used to thinking about your head as the world. It seems rather small
+at first. That's right. Now you're going around the sun the way the
+earth does, from right to left, just opposite to the way the clock-hands
+go. You go once around the sun every year.
+
+"The earth of course spins on its axis, too, just like a top, while it
+is circling round the sun. It turns round completely every twenty-four
+hours, from West to East. Paul, see if you can spin like a top while you
+are going round the lamp. Spin from right to left, just opposite to the
+way the clock-hands go."
+
+Paul did his best to spin and walk at the same time, and Uncle Henry
+showed Peter and Betty that the side of Paul's head that was toward the
+lamp was always bright, while the other side was always in shadow. As
+Paul turned on his axis from right to left his face became lighted, then
+the right side of his head, then its back, then the left side, and so
+on, round and round.
+
+Part of the time Paul was facing a picture on one wall and the next
+minute his back was toward that picture and he was looking at another
+picture on the opposite wall, across the lamp.
+
+These two drawings show how Paul faced the two pictures one after the
+other.
+
+[Illustration: Night on Paul's Face]
+
+[Illustration: Day on Paul's Face]
+
+"Now tell me," commanded Uncle Henry, "which picture you see the
+plainest--is it the one you see when your back is to the lamp--or is
+it the one you see when you face the lamp, and look across it toward
+the picture on the wall beyond?"
+
+"The lamp is so bright without a shade that it blinds me when I try to
+see the picture beyond it," said Paul.
+
+"Oh, I see! I see!" said Betty, beginning to hop up and down. "Can I
+tell, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"Surely," laughed Uncle Henry, "what do you see?"
+
+"When Paul faces the picture with his back to the lamp," said Betty,
+"it's night on his face, and day on the back of his head! Is that
+right?"
+
+"Yes, go on," encouraged Uncle Henry.
+
+"And so he can see that picture better, 'cause the lamplight isn't in
+his eyes. But when he faces the lamp and looks across it, then it's day
+in his face, and night on the back of his head, and he can't see the
+picture beyond the lamp very well, 'cause the sun-lamp shines in his
+eyes."
+
+"So that's why we can only see the stars at night!" said Peter.
+
+"Yes, that's why the moon and the stars come out only when it gets
+dark," said Uncle Henry. "You see the earth turns round and carries us
+to its dark side, the side that is away from the sun. We say 'The sun
+has set.' Then when the sun glare is gone from our eyes we can see the
+sky-pictures, just as Paul sees one picture better with his back to the
+lamp than he does the other when he has to look through the lamp-light
+toward it."
+
+"And the stars are in the sky all day long, whether we see them or not?"
+asked Paul.
+
+"Certainly," said Uncle Henry. "If you could look up at the sky from the
+bottom of a very deep well, or a tall chimney, so that the sun-light was
+kept out of your eyes, you could see the stars shining in the daytime.
+There is a long deep tunnel in the great pyramid of Egypt that goes up
+and out from the centre of its base toward its north side at just the
+right angle so that the ancient Egyptians could always see the pole star
+through it--no matter whether it was night or daytime. You see the pole
+star never rises or sets, because it is always right over the end of the
+axis that the earth spins on."
+
+This picture shows how the tunnel in the great pyramid always pointed to
+the north star because the tunnel is always parallel to the axis the
+earth spins on.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the pyramid was built, the star in the tip of the little bear's
+tail was not the pole star, as it is now. At that time the star that was
+nearest the pole was one of those in the dragon. Since the pole of the
+earth goes round in a complete circle among the stars every 25,000
+years, the star in _Draco_ will some time be the pole-star again--in,
+say 20,000 more years!
+
+Peter had picked up the Almanac that Uncle Henry had borrowed from Katy
+and suddenly cried,
+
+"Oh, Uncle Henry, the Almanac has a lot of the Star People in it. It
+calls them 'The Signs of the Zodiac.' What's the Zodiac, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We are going to find out right away, Pete," said Uncle Henry, "but
+first we must draw pictures of the twelve star folks that are the Zodiac
+signs. That means three drawings apiece. Pull up your chairs to the
+table and we'll draw on the sheets of scratch paper with Betty's colored
+pencils. Paul, you do the _Virgo_, _Leo_, and _Cancer_ the Crab; Peter
+will draw _Gemini_ the Twins, _Taurus_ the Bull, and _Aries_ the Ram;
+Betty will do the Fishes, called _Pisces_ in Latin, _Aquarius_ the Water
+Carrier, and _Capricornus_ the Goat; while I will draw _Sagittarius_ the
+Archer, _Scorpio_, and _Libra_ the Balance. All old friends of ours."
+
+"We'll put the Almanac here in the middle of the table where we can all
+see it while we copy the 'signs,' one on each sheet of paper."
+
+Everybody was very busy indeed for about half an hour. At the end of
+that time the twelve rough drawings were done and pinned up at equal
+distances apart around the walls of the playroom, three on each of the
+four walls. They were arranged around the room in the same order in
+which Uncle Henry had assigned them. The room then looked like this,
+though of course you see only three walls in a picture. You must imagine
+how the fourth wall looked.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now Paul, suppose you walk around the table again, spinning on your own
+axis as you go, and we'll try to find out what the Zodiac is. You notice
+that the pictures are all pinned on the walls at the same height from
+the floor, which is just the height of the electric lamp bulb, and just
+the height of Paul's head too, no matter where he is in his walk around
+the lamp. The twelve constellations, or signs of the Zodiac are in the
+real sky also on the same level with the earth and the sun, no matter
+where the earth is in its journey round the sun. Astronomers say it this
+way: they say that the earth revolves around the sun 'in the plane of
+the ecliptic.' That simply means that if the sun was in the centre of an
+enormous horizontal pane of glass, the earth and all the signs of the
+Zodiac would also always be touching the pane of glass, which would then
+represent the 'plane of the ecliptic.' Put an l in 'pane' and you have
+'plane.'"
+
+"Is each sign for a month?" asked Peter. "I see there are twelve of
+them."
+
+"That's correct," said Uncle Henry, "and you want to notice that as Paul
+walks round the lamp and looks across it at the signs on the wall beyond
+it, the lamp seems to Paul to move from one picture to the next."
+
+This picture is drawn as if the ceiling of the room was taken off and
+you could look down on Paul walking around the lamp.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When it is January first, Paul, representing the earth, is in the
+position marked A, nearest to the picture of _Gemini_ behind him,
+while the lamp, representing the sun, appears to him to be entering
+the sign of the Zodiac called _Sagittarius_, directly opposite across
+the room. Later, on April first, after three months, Paul, or the
+earth, has traveled a quarter of the way around the sun, has passed
+the pictures of _Cancer_ and _Leo_ on the wall behind him, and stands
+nearest _Virgo_ in the position marked B. The lamp has also seemed
+to move through a quarter circle, has passed through the signs of
+_Capricornus_ and _Aquarius_, and appears to Paul to be just entering
+the sign of _Pisces_, or the Fishes. In the same way the earth moves
+through a sign of the Zodiac every month and the sun, while really
+motionless, _appears_ to also travel through a sign every month. Of
+course we cannot see the sign or constellation, where the sun appears
+to be, at the same time we see the sun, for his brightness makes the
+stars invisible, but if we _could_ see the constellations by day, the
+sun would appear to travel from one sign of the Zodiac to the next
+every month.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Here is a clock of the year which shows the earth at one end of the
+hand, the sun in the middle, and at the other end of the hand an arrow,
+which points to the sign of the Zodiac where the sun appears to be, and
+to the date when it seems to be there to an observer on the earth. Draw
+the hand with the earth-end in several different positions and you will
+see that the sun, if viewed from the earth, would appear to be in the
+sign of the Zodiac exactly opposite.
+
+When the children all understood the way the Zodiac divides the yearly
+path of the earth into twelve equal parts, Betty said, "I want to know
+why the geography globe at school always looks just as if it was going
+to tip over."
+
+Uncle Henry laughed. "If you think the geography globe looks unsteady
+because its axis of iron rod is on a slant, what will you think about
+the earth when I tell you that it spins around in just the same slanting
+position, with only an _imaginary_ line for axis?"
+
+"Does it really?" asked Betty.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and it spins so steadily in that slanting
+position that the north end of its imaginary axis always points toward
+the same place, a point very close to the north star, or _Polaris_ as it
+is called."
+
+"_Polaris_ is named for the North Pole, I suppose," said Peter.
+
+"That's right," Uncle Henry replied. "Let's get some scissors and we'll
+use our big sheet of cardboard to make a cap for Paul's head that will
+show you just how the slant of the earth's axis makes it hotter in
+summer and colder in winter."
+
+"Ooh!" exclaimed Paul, "I always thought it was hot in summer because
+the earth got nearer to the sun then."
+
+"Lots of people think that, too," said Uncle Henry, "but it isn't so.
+The earth is really farther from the sun in summer."
+
+Betty ran for the scissors, and Uncle Henry cut out a big circle from
+the stiff cardboard. Then he cut out an opening in the centre of it
+that fitted Paul's head just as a stiff straw hat would that was a
+size too big for him. The circle of cardboard dropped down until it
+rested on Paul's ears and on the bridge of his nose. This cardboard
+brim represented the "plane of the earth's equator," just as the pane
+of glass represented the "plane of the ecliptic." Since the "plane of
+the equator" is always at right angles to the slanting axis of the
+earth, the "plane of the equator" is always at a slant to the "plane
+of the ecliptic."
+
+If you will run a long hat-pin through an orange, and sink the orange
+exactly to its middle in a glass bowl filled with water, holding the
+hat-pin at a slant, you will see that the equator of the orange is at
+a slant with the surface of the water. Half of the orange's equator
+curves up above the water, while half of it curves down under the
+water's surface. If you fasten a cardboard ring around the orange at the
+equator the cardboard will then be at an angle with the surface of the
+water, which represents the "plane of the ecliptic."
+
+Uncle Henry cut two long strips from what was left of the cardboard and
+crossed the strips over the top of Paul's head, fastening the four ends
+of them to the round cardboard brim close to his head.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+After this Uncle Henry rolled a sheet of the scratch paper round a
+pencil, put rubber bands tightly around it, cut the end to bend up and
+make a foot and pinned the foot to the cardboard strips at the place
+where they crossed. When Paul had it all on he looked very funny with
+the pencil sticking straight up from the top of his head, and his eyes
+just peeping over the cardboard brim on each side of the strip down the
+middle of his nose.
+
+"Now come on, Mr. Earth," said Uncle Henry, "It's time for you to spin
+round the lamp-sun for another year or two."
+
+So Paul held his head on a slant and kept it so that the pencil always
+pointed in the same direction as he went round the lamp. These four
+little pictures show how he looked at the four sides of the sun where
+the earth is in Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "you see that if we make a black dot on one of
+the cardboard strips about halfway between the cardboard brim, or the
+earth's equator, and the pencil, or the North Pole, it will be about as
+far north as we are in the United States. And when Paul is in his Summer
+position, with the pencil slanting _toward_ the 'sun,' you see that the
+sun's rays beat down much straighter on the black dot than they do when
+he is on the other side of the lamp, with the pole slanting _away_ from
+the 'sun.' That is why the Winter sun appears to be lower in the sky at
+noon than the Summer sun, and also why the Summer sun shines hotter on
+the earth than it does in Winter. Notice, too, that the rays from the
+lamp light up Paul's head for quite a little way beyond the foot of the
+'pole' when it slants _toward_ the 'sun,' while when it slants _away_
+from the 'sun' the rays fail to reach the 'pole' at all. This means that
+in summer the sun shines a longer time upon the part of the earth that
+slants toward it. If you could look down from the ceiling at Paul's head
+in his Summer position and in his Winter one you would see why."
+
+Uncle Henry quickly drew these two pictures of the top of a globe to
+show the children why the days are long in Summer and short in Winter at
+any point in the United States.
+
+  [Illustration: _The Winter Day_ lasts while the black dot on the
+  earth travels from A to B--less than half-way round.
+
+  _The Summer Day_ lasts while the black dot on the earth travels from
+  C to D--more than half-way round.]
+
+"It's just like the hot water bottle mother kept in my bed that time I
+had a chill after swimming," said Paul. "The hotter it was before she
+put it in the bed the slower it cooled off."
+
+"That's the idea," said Uncle Henry, "the longer the sun shines on any
+place on the earth the hotter it gets, and when the nights are as short
+as they are in Summer the place hasn't long to cool off before it is
+round in the sun's hot rays again. Now do you see why Summer is hotter
+than Winter?"
+
+The children did.
+
+"There's one thing I don't understand, though," said Peter. "Why are
+there different stars in the sky in Winter than there are in Summer?"
+
+"That's easy to answer," said Uncle Henry. "Look at Paul again--first
+when it's 'night' on his face on the 'Summer' side of the lamp, and then
+when it is 'night' on his face on the 'Winter' side of the lamp.
+
+"At 'night' in Summer Paul looks at the pictures on one end of the room.
+The cardboard brim, or 'plane of the equator,' is slanted _up_, above
+the 'plane of the ecliptic.'"
+
+This picture shows how Paul looked.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"But in Winter, at 'night,' Paul looks at quite different pictures, at
+the other end of the room. The cardboard brim is slanted _down_, below
+the level of the 'plane of the ecliptic.' This is why the path of the
+Winter Signs crosses the sky higher up than the path of the Summer
+Signs. In both Winter and Summer you must imagine the cardboard brim to
+be as transparent as glass, for the 'plane of the equator' is in reality
+only imaginary."
+
+This next picture shows how Paul looked at the constellations at "night"
+in Winter.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Of course the north star and the stars for a considerable distance
+round the pole never set, and can be seen all night at any time of the
+year. It is only the ones that rise and set that go and come from our
+sight with the seasons. In reality they never leave us, for if it wasn't
+for the sunlight getting in our eyes by day, we could see the Summer
+night star-pictures in the Winter daytime, and the Winter night star
+people in the Summer daytime. We are just looking at opposite ends of
+our big room in the universe on Winter nights and Summer nights, that's
+all," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Uncle Henry took some folded papers from his pocket and spread them out
+on the table.
+
+"Here are four maps of the sky," he said, "which show the way it looks
+at different seasons at 9 o'clock in the evening--on January 1st, April
+1st, July 1st, and October 1st. You will see that the groups of stars
+around the pole are always in view, while the rest of the star people
+change with the seasons, but even the groups around the pole change
+their positions with the seasons.
+
+"You have all seen the _Swastika_. It has been known and used as an
+ornament for hundreds of years, all over the world--by the American
+Indians, the Chinese, the East Indians, and many others. I'll show you
+where I think all these widely separated people got the _Swastika_, and
+how it stands for the four seasons."
+
+Uncle Henry drew four little pictures showing the four positions in
+which the big dipper stands in the four different seasons, with its
+"pointer stars" always indicating the pole star.
+
+[Illustration: At the right of the pole star in Winter.]
+
+[Illustration: Above the pole star in Spring.]
+
+[Illustration: At the left of the pole star in Summer.]
+
+[Illustration: Below the pole star in Autumn.]
+
+Then he drew all four positions on one sheet of paper, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And when heavy lines were drawn along the handles of the dippers and
+across the pole star from bowl to bowl the _Swastika_ suddenly appeared
+like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers was very enthusiastic about the origin of the
+_Swastika_, and found the dipper in its different positions on all of
+the four maps that Uncle Henry had put on the table.
+
+You can see the position of the dipper and all the other stars at
+January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and December 1st, at 9 o'clock in the
+evening, by looking at the four maps inside the covers of this book.
+
+After the children had looked at all the four maps as long as they
+wanted to, Uncle Henry suddenly remembered to look at his watch and
+exclaimed,
+
+"My goodness! I guess it's about time the Society adjourned for
+to-night. Ten o'clock! I'll get scolded for keeping you up so late."
+
+"I want to ask just one thing more," pleaded Betty.
+
+"All right, what is it?" said Uncle Henry.
+
+"Who found all the sky people?"
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "now that's a long story. They were all found
+and named so long ago that nobody knows who did it. The inventors of
+the star people naturally thought they saw pictures in the sky of the
+things they were familar with in everyday life--the bear, the bull, the
+serpent, the archer, and so on. If they had had any steam engines then
+somebody would have drawn lines from star to star until they had a
+picture of one in the sky. In England the Great Bear or Dipper is
+usually called the 'Plough' and you can see why
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It is also called 'Charles' Wain' or wagon.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"We only know that the constellations are very, very old, and that an
+ancient people living in the valley of the Euphrates river probably
+named most of them. The Babylonian Tablets, the oldest records known,
+show that the Zodiac constellations were known over 3000 years before
+the birth of Christ, which is now nearly 5000 years ago."
+
+"Can't we have just one more poem before we go to bed?" said Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "but not one of mine. I'll give you a little
+bit of a long poem that was written by a man named _Aratos_ about 280
+years before the wise men followed the star that told them where to find
+the new-born Christ. It has been running through my mind all the
+evening. This is it:
+
+    "And all the signs through which Night whirls her car,
+    From belted _Orion_ back to _Orion_ and his dauntless Hound,
+    And all _Poseidon's_, all high _Zeus's_ stars,
+    Bear on their beams true messages to man."
+
+
+
+
+FOURTH WINTER EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE "SOCIETY" MEETS THE LAST OF THE STAR PEOPLE AND
+    THE BEGINNING OF ASTRONOMY--AND BETTY PROPOSES A "NOTE" OF
+    THANKS
+
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers assembled upon the roof the next night with
+an eagerness that was tempered a little by regret that it _was_ the
+last.
+
+Uncle Henry saw this, and before starting to find the evening's
+constellations with the children, told them a few of the many wonderful
+things to be seen among the stars with the aid of a small telescope.
+
+He reminded them of the "little cloud" in _Andromeda_, called the Great
+Nebula, and said that there were not only many more of these wonderful
+clouds of star dust, but numbers of beautiful double stars, some of them
+lovely with tints of red, green or orange, and some that can be seen
+with an ordinary opera-glass.
+
+Then he told them of the curious variable, or "winking" stars, which
+turn bright and faint alternately on a regular schedule, so many hours
+bright, and so many hours faint. Also he described the beauty of the
+planet _Jupiter_, surrounded by its four little moons, all of which
+could be seen with a small telescope.
+
+Then the children began to feel more cheerful, for they saw that being
+introduced to the creatures and people of Skyland was only the beginning
+of the study of astronomy.
+
+"So," finished Uncle Henry, "we don't need to feel that there is no more
+fun coming, for there are lots more faint constellations which are all
+beautiful, even though not plain enough for us to find easily in the
+beginning. Besides, if you ever journey to the South, beyond the earth's
+equator, you will find a whole new sky full of marvelous people, and
+creatures, and objects--all pictured in the flashing southern heavens."
+
+"Well," said Peter briskly, "what do we find to-night, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We'll begin," replied Uncle Henry, "with a person you may have heard
+of--_Perseus_, who killed the terrible Gorgon _Medusa_."
+
+"Oh, I know him," cried Paul, "we read all 'bout him last year."
+
+"Quite right," said Uncle Henry, "then you remember that when he had
+killed _Medusa_, and cut off her head with his sword, he had to hold the
+head with the terrible face away from him, because everybody who looked
+at that face was instantly turned to stone."
+
+"Yes, yes, we know!" chorused the Society.
+
+"Well, now we'll find _Perseus_, his sword, and the head of _Medusa_,"
+promised Uncle Henry. "All you have to do is to extend the line of
+_Andromeda's_ left leg and prolong it from her foot, straight out
+for about her whole length. (30) There you will find _Algenib_, the
+brightest star in _Perseus_. It is right in his neck, between his
+shoulders. From _Algenib_ you can trace a row of stars downward,
+almost to the _Pleiades_ in the bull's shoulder. This row of stars is
+_Perseus'_ body and legs. Then find two stars above _Algenib_, one over
+the other, and you have his head and helmet.
+
+"After that it is easy to start at _Algenib_ and trace out his right
+arm, with the sword. A line drawn toward _Perseus_ through the stars in
+_Andromeda's_ head and left hip points out the star _Algol_, which is
+the head of _Medusa_, held in _Perseus'_ left hand. (31) _Algol_ is a
+famous variable star, which the ancients named 'the dragon of the slowly
+winking eye.'"
+
+The children soon found all of _Perseus_, and all took part in drawing
+his skeleton on the blackboard. Then they watched _Algol_ in the sky,
+and expected to see it wink, until Uncle Henry told them that the wink
+is so slow that it takes seven hours for _Algol_ to become faint and
+bright again, and that then two and three-quarter days pass before
+_Algol_ winks again. This being the case the Society decided not to
+wait, and finished _Perseus_ up so that he looked this way:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Uncle Henry added the lines with arrows to show how _Algenib_ and
+_Algol_ are found, with the help of _Andromeda_.
+
+After _Perseus_ was finished, Betty kept gazing at the sky. She seemed
+fascinated, and finally asked,
+
+"Uncle Henry, there's a perfectly lovely star just a little way in front
+of _Perseus_, and three little ones near it. If I could name stars I
+would call them 'the hen and chickens,' wouldn't you?"
+
+All the children looked, and easily found the beautiful star. They
+couldn't have missed it, and neither can you, for it is one of the most
+brilliant in the sky and there are no others like it nearby.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "the big star and the three little ones do look
+like a hen and her chickens. I would call them that, too, Betty, but
+hundreds of years ago somebody named the bright star _Capella_, which
+means 'the goat,' and called the three little stars 'the kids,' so you
+see that they are named already."
+
+"A kid is the baby of a goat, isn't it, Uncle Hen?" inquired Peter.
+
+"Yes, that's the idea," said Uncle Henry, and went on, "Betty happens
+to have picked out the brightest star in the last constellation we are
+going to find. It is called _Auriga_, or the Charioteer. He hasn't his
+chariot with him."
+
+"How do we find _Auriga_?" inquired Paul.
+
+"He is very plain, almost as plain as _Orion_ himself," said Uncle
+Henry. "_Capella_ is at one corner of a five-sided figure, called a
+'pentagon.' (32) It is also in the left shoulder of _Auriga_. Find the
+tip of the left horn of _Taurus_, the Bull, and you will have another
+corner of the pentagon, and at the same time the right foot of _Auriga_.
+When you have those points it is easy to find the other three corners,
+which are the right shoulder, left foot, and the right hand of _Auriga_.
+He holds his whip in that hand. Even though he had to leave his chariot
+when he went into the sky, he insisted on taking his whip along. It
+comes in very handy, too, sometimes, when the two lions up there become
+fretful and uneasy. When you have found _Auriga's_ shoulder stars, just
+draw two lines upward to a star above and between them and you finish
+the charioteer's skeleton. The star at the point where the lines cross
+is in his head. See him, everybody?"
+
+The children had no trouble in putting in the stars and drawing the
+skeleton. Neither will you, for _Auriga_ is very conspicuous, and almost
+straight overhead in the evening about Christmas time.
+
+This is the way _Auriga_ looked on the blackboard:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the children had finished looking at _Auriga_, and _Capella_ the
+Goat and her three babies, Betty drew herself up very straight and said,
+trying to look very dignified,
+
+"Mr. Chairman, I move that The Society of Star-Gazers give Uncle Henry a
+note of thanks for giving us such an instructive, and--and--oh, we've
+liked your Christmas present an awful lot, Uncle Henry!"
+
+Peter was going to say that it was a _vote_ of thanks that people got
+from societies, but Betty was so earnest and dignified that he didn't
+really want to take her down just then, so he joined Paul in seconding
+the motion and was appointed by Betty as a committee of one to write the
+"note" and deliver it to Uncle Henry later.
+
+Uncle Henry looked quite serious, for him, and said that he had made up
+a little poem that they might like to hear while standing under the
+Christmas stars.
+
+The Society voted unanimously in the affirmative, so Uncle Henry
+recited,
+
+    "There was once a star of old,
+    Wonders to three wise men told.
+
+    Where it led, there followed they--
+    Stars had taught them how to pray,
+    How to know the Truth from lies--
+    God had taught them through His skies.
+
+    Where the star led, followed they,
+    Found the Christ-child, laid in hay--
+    To His mother, in the stable,
+    Brought Him gifts that they were able.
+
+    Stars lead us to Christmas Truth--
+    Let us look, with eyes of youth!"
+
+Then, in a moment more, Uncle Henry and the children were gone, and the
+sleepless, faithful stars were alone, brooding lovingly over their tiny
+baby brother, which we call the great world.
+
+
+
+
+The author desires to express his indebtedness to the following books,
+which have given him many hours of enlightening pleasure while riding
+the star-gazing hobby:
+
+  A Field Book of the Stars        Olcott
+
+  Star Lore of all Ages            Olcott
+
+  The Heavens and Their Story      Mrs. Maunder
+
+  Astronomy                        Jacoby
+
+  Astronomy from a Dipper          Clarke
+
+  New Astronomy                    Todd
+
+  Astronomy                        Lockyer
+
+He also wishes to add his appreciation of the monthly pleasure given by
+"The Evening Sky Map," published by Leon Barritt.
+
+
+Printed in the United States of America
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note:
+
+The original text has been preserved, but for the following exceptions:
+a few missing or extraneous quotation marks have been corrected, and
+on page 78 "be" was changed to "he" (had he failed to make good).
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
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+      The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson.
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+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Star People
+
+Author: Gaylord Johnson
+
+Release Date: November 4, 2011 [EBook #37916]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STAR PEOPLE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, eagkw and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="480" height="655" alt="Cover" title="Cover" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a name="Spring" id="Spring"></a>
+<a href="images/end1-spring-h.jpg"><img src="images/end1-spring.jpg" width="480" height="674" alt="Endpaper Spring" title="Click for larger and rotated image" /></a>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a name="Summer" id="Summer"></a>
+<a href="images/end2-summer-h.jpg"><img src="images/end2-summer.jpg" width="481" height="674" alt="Endpaper Summer" title="Click for larger and rotated image" /></a>
+</div>
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+
+<h1><span class="f9">THE STAR PEOPLE</span></h1>
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+
+<div class="figcenter1">
+<img src="images/logo.png" width="154" height="49" alt="logo" title="logo" />
+</div>
+
+<p class="tp1">THE MACMILLAN COMPANY<br />
+<span class="f7">NEW YORK � BOSTON � CHICAGO � DALLAS<br />
+ATLANTA � SAN FRANCISCO</span></p>
+
+<p class="tp1">MACMILLAN &amp; CO., Limited<br />
+<span class="f7">LONDON � BOMBAY � CALCUTTA<br />
+MELBOURNE</span></p>
+
+<p class="tp1">THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, Ltd.<br />
+<span class="f9">Toronto</span></p>
+
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+<h1><span class="f12">THE STAR PEOPLE</span></h1>
+
+<p class="tp2"><span class="f7">BY</span><br />
+GAYLORD JOHNSON</p>
+
+<p class="tp3">WITH DRAWINGS ON SAND AND BLACKBOARD<br />
+BY &ldquo;UNCLE HENRY AND THE SOCIETY<br />
+OF STAR-GAZERS&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p class="tp4">&ldquo;Why did not somebody teach me the constellations, and
+make me at home in the starry heavens, which are always
+overhead and which I don&rsquo;t half know to this day?&rdquo;<br />
+<span class="sign">&mdash;Thomas Carlyle.</span><br /></p>
+
+<p class="tp2">&nbsp;</p>
+
+<p class="tp1">New York<br />
+THE MACMILLAN COMPANY<br />
+1921</p>
+
+<p class="tp3">All rights reserved</p>
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+
+<p class="tp5"><span class="smcap">Copyright</span>, 1921<br />
+
+<span class="smcap">By</span> <span class="f11">THE MACMILLAN COMPANY</span></p>
+<hr class="l3" />
+<p class="tp5">Set up and electrotyped. Published June, 1921.</p>
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+
+<p class="tp6">TO<br />
+BABY ANNE</p>
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>WHAT HAPPENED IN STARLAND</h2>
+
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="table of contents">
+<tr><td class="col3">&nbsp;</td><td class="col3"><span class="f7">PAGE</span></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">First Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">In which the Society of Star Gazers is formed and discovers
+Two Bears, one with a stretched tail</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Second Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">The Herdsman&rsquo;s Dogs chase Ursa Major and the terrible
+Dragon wriggles away in fright</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Third Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">Uncle Henry&rsquo;s magic turns the Lyre into a Ukelele,
+and the Archer&rsquo;s arrow misses the Swan and hits the
+Scorpion</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Fourth Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">The Virgin is too busy feeding her Sky Poultry, so
+Cassiopeia gets the Ukelele to play</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Fifth Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">In which a Dolphin with an ear for music saves a
+Poet&rsquo;s life&mdash;and Uncle Henry puts two birds in one
+poem</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">First Winter Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">The &ldquo;Society&rdquo; learns why Orion needs a club to keep
+Frisky Taurus in order, and why we say &ldquo;By Jimini!&rdquo;
+when we&rsquo;re excited</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Second Winter Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">In which the dogs of Orion and Gemini follow their
+masters, Pegasus escapes as usual, and Andromeda
+gets a nice soft bed of hay in place of her hard old
+rock</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_61">61</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Third Winter Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">The Sky clouded over, but Peter found the Star People
+hiding in the Almanac&mdash;Paul found that his head was
+the World&mdash;and the &ldquo;Society&rdquo; found out about the
+Swastika and the Zodiac, and how you tell when a
+Dipper is a Plough and when it&rsquo;s a Wagon</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_78">78</a></td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col1">Fourth Winter Evening&mdash;</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col2">In which the &ldquo;Society&rdquo; meets the last of the Star
+People and the beginning of Astronomy&mdash;and Betty
+proposes a &ldquo;Note&rdquo; of thanks</td><td class="col3"><a href="#Page_99">99</a></td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[ix]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="howto">
+<h2>TO HELP YOU FIND<br />
+THE STAR PEOPLE IN THE SKY</h2>
+
+<p>Whenever Uncle Henry draws a line to point out one of the star
+people you will find a figure, close to what he says, like this: (10).</p>
+
+<p>Find the same figure on one of the maps inside the front or back
+cover, and you will see the line that Uncle Henry drew&mdash;and find
+the star person or animal easily in the sky.</p>
+
+<p>Numbers 1 to 17 can be located on the front cover maps. Numbers
+18 to 32 can be found on the maps inside the back cover.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center r2">To Use the Maps</p>
+
+<p>Face South and hold the map for the proper season over your
+head&mdash;with the top of the book toward the West and the bottom
+toward the East. You will then see the Star People in the same
+places they appear in the sky.</p>
+
+<p>The maps are drawn for 9 o&rsquo;clock on April 1st, July 1st, October
+1st, and January 1st, but they will be found serviceable in the
+preceding and following month. When necessary consult the maps
+for the season coming before or after.</p>
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[x]</a></span></p>
+
+<hr class="l2" />
+
+<h2>WHERE TO FIND THE &ldquo;PEOPLE&rdquo; YOU WANT</h2>
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Guide to the star maps">
+
+<tr><td class="col4">Names of Star People</td>
+<td class="col4">How to Pronounce</td>
+<td class="col5a" colspan="2">Where to Look in the Book</td>
+<td class="col5a" colspan="2">Where to Look on the Maps</td>
+<td class="col5b" colspan="3">When You Can See Them in the Sky</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Andromeda</td><td class="col6">(an-drom&acute;-e-d�)</td>
+<td class="col7">Page</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_70">70</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Number</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Autumn">25</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Sept.</td><td class="col8">to</td><td class="col7">Feb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Aquarius</td><td class="col6">(a-kw&#257;&acute;-ri-us)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Autumn">19</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Aug.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Aquila</td><td class="col6">(ak&acute;-wi-l�)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">17</a></td>
+<td class="col7">June</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Nov.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Aries</td><td class="col6">(a&acute;-ri-&#275;z)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_75">75</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">28</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Sept.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Feb.</td></tr><tr>
+<td class="col6">Auriga</td><td class="col6">(�-ri&acute;-ga)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_105">105</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">32</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Oct.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">June</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Bo�tes</td><td class="col6">(b&#333;-&#333;&acute;-tez)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Spring">2</a></td>
+<td class="col7">April</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Oct.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Cancer</td><td class="col6">(kan&acute;-ser)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_73">73</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">27</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">June</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Canes Venatici</td><td class="col6">(k&#257;&acute;-nez ve-nat&acute;-i-c&#299;)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Spring">2</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Feb.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Sept.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Canis Major</td><td class="col6">(k&#257;&acute;-nis m&#257;&acute;-jor)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">22</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">April</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Canis Minor</td><td class="col6">(k&#257;&acute;-nis m&#299;&acute;-nor)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_72">72</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">26</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Dec.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">May</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Capricornus</td><td class="col6">(kap-ri-k�r&acute;-nus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Autumn">18</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Aug.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Nov.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Cassiopeia</td><td class="col6">(kas-i-&#333;-p&#275;&acute;-ya)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">12</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Cerberus</td><td class="col6">(seer&acute;-ber-us)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">14</a></td>
+<td class="col7">April</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Nov.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Corona Borealis</td><td class="col6">(k&#333;-r&#333;&acute;-n� b&#333;-r&#275;-a&acute;-lis)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">11</a></td>
+<td class="col7">April</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Oct.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Cygnus</td><td class="col6">(sig&acute;-nus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">4</a></td>
+<td class="col7">June</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Jan.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Delphinus</td><td class="col6">(del-fi&acute;-nus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">16</a></td>
+<td class="col7">June</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Draco</td><td class="col6">(dr&#257;&acute;-ko)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">5</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Gemini</td><td class="col6">(jem&acute;-i-ni)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">21</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Dec.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">June</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Hercules</td><td class="col6">(her&acute;-k&#363;-l&#275;z)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">14</a></td>
+<td class="col7">April</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Nov.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Leo</td><td class="col6">(le&acute;-o)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Spring">3</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Feb.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">July</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Leo Minor</td><td class="col6">(le&acute;-o m&#299;-nor)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Spring">3</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">July</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Lepus</td><td class="col6">(l&#275;&acute;-pus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_64">64</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9">&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="col7">Dec.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">March</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Libra</td><td class="col6">(l&#299;&acute;-bra)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_36">36</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">13</a></td>
+<td class="col7">May</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Aug.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Lyra</td><td class="col6">(l&#299;&acute;-ra)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">6</a></td>
+<td class="col7">April</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Ophiuchus</td><td class="col6">(of-i-&#363;&acute;-kus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">15</a></td>
+<td class="col7">May</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Oct.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Orion</td><td class="col6">(&#333;-r&#299;&acute;-on)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Autumn">20</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Nov.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">April</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Pegasus</td><td class="col6">(peg&acute;-a-sus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_67">67</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">23</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Aug.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Jan.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Perseus</td><td class="col6">(per&acute;-s&#363;s)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_102">102</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">30</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Sept.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">May</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Pisces</td><td class="col6">(pis&acute;-&#275;z)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_76">76</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">29</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Sept.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Feb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Sagitta</td><td class="col6">(sa-jit&acute;-a)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">16</a></td>
+<td class="col7">June</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Sagittarius</td><td class="col6">(saj-i-t&#257;&acute;-ri-us)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">7</a></td>
+<td class="col7">July</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Sept.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Scorpio</td><td class="col6">(sk�r&acute;-pi-&#333;)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">9</a></td>
+<td class="col7">June</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Sept.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Serpens</td><td class="col6">(ser&acute;-pens)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">15</a></td>
+<td class="col7">May</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Oct.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Taurus</td><td class="col6">(t�&acute;-rus)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_58">58</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Autumn">20</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Nov.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">April</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Triangulum</td><td class="col6">(tr&#299;-an&acute;-g&#363;-lum)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_75">75</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Winter">31</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Sept.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Feb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Ursa Major</td><td class="col6">(er&acute;-sa m&#257;&acute;-jor)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Spring">1</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Ursa Minor</td><td class="col6">(er&acute;-sa m&#299;&acute;-nor)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Spring">1</a></td>
+<td class="col7">Jan.</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Dec.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col6">Virgo</td><td class="col6">(ver&acute;-g&#333;)</td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td>
+<td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col9"><a href="#Summer">10</a></td>
+<td class="col7">April</td><td class="col8">&ldquo;</td><td class="col7">Aug.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p class="sp">Star People on Maps but not Talked About by &ldquo;The Society&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Star People not talked about">
+<tr><td class="col7">(<a href="#Spring">a</a>) Hydra (h&#299;&acute;-dra)</td>
+<td class="col7">(<a href="#Summer">c</a>) Corvus (k�r&acute;-vus)</td>
+<td class="col7">(<a href="#Winter">e</a>) Cetus (s&#275;&acute;-tus)</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">(<a href="#Summer">b</a>) Crater (kr&#257;&acute;-ter)</td>
+<td class="col7">(<a href="#Spring">d</a>) Cepheus (s&#275;f&acute;-&#363;s)</td>
+<td class="col7">(<a href="#Winter">f</a>) Eridanus (&#275;-rid&acute;-a-nus)</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<hr class="l1" />
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[1]</a></span></p>
+
+<h1><span class="f12">THE STAR PEOPLE</span></h1>
+
+<h2>FIRST EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">IN WHICH THE SOCIETY OF STAR-GAZERS IS FORMED
+AND DISCOVERS TWO BEARS&mdash;ONE WITH A
+STRETCHED TAIL</p>
+
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Uncle Henry</span> sat on the porch of &ldquo;Seven Oaks&rdquo;
+Cottage, watching the new moon sink into the woods
+across Sand Lake.</p>
+
+<p>The ripples of the motor-boat that had carried
+&ldquo;Sister&rdquo; and &ldquo;The Children&rsquo;s Father&rdquo; away from
+the dock had gone from the glassy water. Over
+across the lake, at Pentecost station, they would
+catch the ten o&rsquo;clock train, to be gone a week.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry had urged &ldquo;Sister&rdquo; to go. He had
+said he was perfectly sure of being able to look after
+Peter and Paul and Betty for just seven days, but
+now that &ldquo;Sister&rdquo; was really gone Uncle Henry felt
+the size of the task he had undertaken.</p>
+
+<p>Of course he wasn&rsquo;t alone. There was big, wholesome
+Katy, the maid. &ldquo;Competent Katy,&rdquo; he had
+at once named her to himself on his arrival two weeks
+before. The sleeping, eating, and dressing of twin
+ten-year-old boys and a seven-year-old girl would
+go on as usual without Uncle Henry&rsquo;s assistance.</p>
+
+<p>In the daytime he planned to take them fishing,
+berry-picking, sailing, and bathing. Target-practice<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span>
+with Peter and Paul&rsquo;s air-rifle would help, too, and
+there would be walks in the woods, and up to
+Brighton&rsquo;s farm house for the milk every evening.</p>
+
+<p>But between supper and bed was a gap that Uncle
+Henry thought might be hard to fill. He must think
+of some games. He didn&rsquo;t want to be a poor companion
+for his adored niece and nephews for even
+an hour of the time.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry blew a cloud from his pipe and
+watched it eddy slowly away, filtering through the
+leaves of the oak-branches at the side of the porch.
+Then he looked up to the vaporous band of the
+milky way. Stars hung in it, sparkling. It was like
+a chiffon streamer with tiny diamond spangles&mdash;or
+a cloud of smoke, blown, with sparks, from the pipe
+of Pan.</p>
+
+<p>You will see right away that Uncle Henry was a
+poet, even if Pan&rsquo;s pipe wasn&rsquo;t the smoking kind.
+It might have been, as easy as not. Uncle Henry
+was wondering whether this last fancy might be
+made into a poem for his college paper, when the
+children&rsquo;s voices floated up from the beach. They
+were sitting on the smooth sand and singing in unison,</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;Star bright, star-light&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Many&rsquo;s the star I see tonight.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Star bright, star-light&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Tell me, is it true?<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">I wish I may, I wish I might<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Get the wish I wish tonight&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Star bright, star-light,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Tell me, is it true?&rdquo;<br /></span>
+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span>
+</div></div></div>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry took his feet off the porch-railing
+and allowed his chair to use all of its feet again.
+Then he leaned out by a post and looked straight
+up into the blue-black vault of a moonless July
+night sky. The stars were beautifully clear.</p>
+
+<p>Evidently Peter, Paul, and Betty were singing
+praise to the fact. They had clapped enthusiastically
+for themselves, and were now beginning the encore&mdash;a
+repetition of &ldquo;Star bright, star-light.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry&rsquo;s face had become thoughtful, and
+now he stepped down from the porch, and strolled
+down the boards to the dock. There he stood craning
+his neck backward and looking up, until the children
+had once more finished the verse, laughing and
+clapping. Evidently the applause for themselves was
+not enough this time, for there was no encore.</p>
+
+<p>Peter, his eye on Uncle Henry, flopped down on
+his back and began gazing upward, too. In a moment
+he called,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, Pete,&rdquo; from the dock, where Uncle Henry
+was star-gazing in the opposite direction.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Why do they call &lsquo;the big dipper&rsquo; the &lsquo;great
+bear&rsquo;&mdash;and <em>is</em> there any &lsquo;little dipper&rsquo;? Betty says
+there isn&rsquo;t, &rsquo;cause she never saw it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry stepped off the dock upon the smooth
+sand, kneeled down, and without answering began
+collecting little smooth pebbles.</p>
+
+<p>Peter sat up and asked in surprise,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Don&rsquo;t <em>you</em> know, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Surely this genius, who could make new kinds of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span>
+kites, and willow-whistles that &ldquo;worked fine,&rdquo; was
+not going to fail now. The other children turned
+to him, expectant too. Betty herself was willing to
+be proved wrong about the existence of the &ldquo;little
+dipper,&rdquo; rather than admit a limit to Uncle Henry&rsquo;s
+wisdom.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Let&rsquo;s make a nice, smooth place on the sand,&rdquo;
+said Uncle Henry, his hands now full of those mysterious
+pebbles. These he put into his pocket and began,
+on all fours, to smooth sand industriously.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Come on, youngsters,&rdquo; he invited, &ldquo;and I&rsquo;ll let
+you settle the questions yourselves. We&rsquo;ll make a
+game of it,&rdquo; he added.</p>
+
+<p>The trio breathed easier. Uncle Henry <em>did</em> know,
+and was going to tell&mdash;in a new, interesting way.
+Three pairs of hands started smoothing sand, with
+some waste of energy, but with rapid results.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, squatting down before
+the leveled place, and pouring out the pebbles in a
+little pile, &ldquo;how many stones do you need to make
+the dipper, Pete? We&rsquo;ll draw it on the sand, with
+pebbles for stars.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Three necks craned upward in unison, and the
+two boys&rsquo; voices answered, almost together,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Seven.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Betty gazed a moment longer, and said,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Eight.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry looked interested.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Where do you see the eighth, Betty?&rdquo; he asked.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Right close where the handle bends,&rdquo; announced
+Betty.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Correct,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;that shows you
+have good eyes. The Arabs used to call that little
+star &lsquo;the proof,&rsquo; because it is a test of good eyesight
+to see it. The star at the bend of the handle is also
+called &lsquo;the horse,&rsquo; and that faint little star over it
+&lsquo;the rider.&rsquo; You can make the dipper itself with
+seven pebbles, though. Go ahead and do it, Peter,&rdquo;
+Uncle Henry finished, &ldquo;and take good-sized stones,
+to show that they&rsquo;re bright stars.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>When Peter had finished, the smooth patch of
+sand looked like this in the light from Uncle Henry&rsquo;s
+pocket electric torch.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-005.png" width="369" height="159" alt="The big dipper" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>Betty insisted upon adding a tiny stone above
+&ldquo;the horse,&rdquo; to represent her discovery, &ldquo;the rider.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, looking upward, &ldquo;I&rsquo;ll
+help you this much in finding all of &lsquo;the great bear.&rsquo;
+The handle of the dipper is his tail. Everybody try
+to find the rest of him. Put down a pebble in the
+right spot for every star; big ones for bright ones,
+and little stones for faint ones.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Ooh,&rdquo; interrupted Betty, &ldquo;I got his nose!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Here is where Betty put it.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-006a.png" width="396" height="160" alt="His nose" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;&mdash;and his shoulders!&rdquo; she added in a moment,
+putting them in with small pebbles.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I got his front leg!&rdquo; announced Paul excitedly,
+adding three pebbles rapidly.</p>
+
+<p>Then the bear looked like this.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-006b.png" width="394" height="238" alt="Then the bear looked like this" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>It was Peter who contributed his hind legs and
+his &ldquo;skeleton,&rdquo; made of finger-drawn lines in the
+sand. Like this.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-007a.png" width="393" height="259" alt="Finger-drawn lines in the sand" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>And when Uncle Henry had drawn an outline in
+the sand with his finger, the &ldquo;great bear&rdquo; was done
+to everybody&rsquo;s satisfaction.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-007b.png" width="393" height="279" alt="The &ldquo;great bear&rdquo; was done" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>While they were all looking at it, Uncle Henry
+recited,</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major</i>&rsquo;s Latin&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And it means, &lsquo;the greater bear.&rsquo;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0"><i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa</i>&rsquo;s &lsquo;bear,&rsquo; and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Major</i>&rsquo;s &lsquo;bigger,&rsquo;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">If you want to see his &lsquo;figger,&rsquo;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">At the dipper&rsquo;s handle stare&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">That&rsquo;s the tail of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major</i>.<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Find his shoulders, nose, and toes&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Who first named him, no one knows.&rdquo;<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Did you say, &lsquo;Noah&rsquo;&mdash;or &lsquo;no one,&rsquo; Uncle Henry?&rdquo;
+asked Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I said, &lsquo;no one,&rsquo; but have it &lsquo;Noah&rsquo; if you like,&rdquo;
+said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Maybe Noah named him. He
+was interested in animals, and Adam ought not to
+have the only right to name them.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now let&rsquo;s find the little dipper!&rdquo; urged Peter,
+anxious for a victory over Betty&rsquo;s doubts of its
+existence.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;When we find it,&rdquo; announced Uncle Henry
+solemnly, &ldquo;it won&rsquo;t be a dipper at all; it will be another
+bear&mdash;a little bear. You know that Noah had
+two of everything in his ark.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I told you there wasn&rsquo;t any little dipper!&rdquo; shrilled
+Betty at Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Uncle Henry said we&rsquo;d find it, though,&rdquo; countered
+Peter, looking hopefully at the oracle.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So we will,&rdquo; laughed Uncle Henry, &ldquo;the little
+dipper and the little bear are the same thing!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Come on!&rdquo; urged Paul, &ldquo;how do we start, Uncle
+Henry?&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry got up on his knees and drew a long
+straight line in the sand with his forefinger. (<a href="#Spring">1</a>) It
+went up through both stars in the middle of the great
+bear&rsquo;s body, and a long way beyond. Over three
+times the distance between the two stars the line
+went beyond them. Uncle Henry put down a fair-sized
+pebble at the end.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;There,&rdquo; he said, &ldquo;is the tip of the little bear&rsquo;s
+tail. Go ahead and find him; but I warn you&mdash;it&rsquo;s
+a very long tail, and you&rsquo;ll have to imagine his legs
+and nose.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>There was a moment&rsquo;s silence. Then Peter said,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I can&rsquo;t see any bear, but I <em>can</em> make out a dipper.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Make it,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-009.png" width="389" height="342" alt="The little dipper" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>When Peter finished putting down little pebbles
+the little dipper was very plain, just above the great
+bear&rsquo;s back.</p>
+
+<p>Then Uncle Henry solemnly drew an outline
+around the seven small pebbles.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-010.png" width="328" height="281" alt="Pole Star" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oooh, what a funny bear!&rdquo; laughed Betty, when
+Uncle Henry&rsquo;s finger had finished. &ldquo;His tail is so
+<em>long!&rdquo;</em></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Bears always have <em>short</em> tails,&rdquo; said Peter,
+looking reproachfully at Uncle Henry, as if that
+person was responsible. There was, however, a note
+of expectancy in Peter&rsquo;s voice. He expected a
+satisfactory explanation from Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;This bear <em>once</em> had as short a tail as any other
+bear,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, quite undisturbed.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Who stretched it?&rdquo; inquired Paul breathlessly.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You will note,&rdquo; began Uncle Henry, &ldquo;that the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>
+tip of the little bear&rsquo;s tail is a star that is right at the
+top of the North Pole. You can&rsquo;t <em>see</em> the pole, but
+it&rsquo;s there&mdash;and long ago somebody tied the tip of
+the little bear&rsquo;s tail fast to it. As the earth turned
+around year after year, and the pole turned with it,
+the little bear was swung round and round by his
+tail. That would make anybody&rsquo;s tail stretch,
+wouldn&rsquo;t it?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>There was a moment&rsquo;s quiet. Then Peter said
+roguishly,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You can&rsquo;t kid us into believing that, Uncle Hen&mdash;but
+we&rsquo;ll sure remember it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>All Uncle Henry said was,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Your mother doesn&rsquo;t like you to talk slang,
+Peter.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry had scored again, and knew it.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;To-morrow night we&rsquo;ll find the dragon, and the
+man who drives the great bear around the pole, and
+his dogs, and maybe the lions and the swan,&rdquo; promised
+Uncle Henry, as he looked at his watch and
+stood up.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oooh, great!&rdquo; cried the trio together.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll have a reg&rsquo;lar Noah&rsquo;s Ark on that sand,
+won&rsquo;t we?&rdquo; said Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll call it &lsquo;Noah&rsquo;s Ark in the Sky,&rsquo;&rdquo; Uncle
+Henry agreed, as the children followed him up the
+walk to Seven Oaks Cottage.</p>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>SECOND EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">THE HERDSMAN&rsquo;S DOGS CHASE URSA MAJOR&mdash;AND
+THE TERRIBLE DRAGON WRIGGLES AWAY IN FRIGHT</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">The</span> next evening Peter, Paul, and Betty were all
+down on the beach as soon as supper was over.</p>
+
+<p>Peter and Paul had that morning made a fence of
+laths around the sand drawings of the two bears&mdash;big,
+and little, so that &ldquo;Rags,&rdquo; their Airedale puppy,
+could not spoil them.</p>
+
+<p>Now that &ldquo;Rags&rdquo; was asleep under the cottage,
+Peter and Paul removed the fence and smoothed
+the sand carefully for several yards around the
+bears, while Betty collected a quite unnecessarily
+large number of pebbles to represent the stars that
+would be found, with Uncle Henry&rsquo;s help, when the
+twilight faded.</p>
+
+<p>When all this was done the trio sat down beside
+the smoothed space and called to Uncle Henry, on
+the porch, that one star was already out and he had
+better hurry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I&rsquo;ll come when you can see <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major&rsquo;s</i> tail,&rdquo;
+called back Uncle Henry, and the children had to
+wait, although they shrilly announced each new star
+that glowed into sight in the darkening sky, and repeatedly
+urged Uncle Henry to &ldquo;come on and begin!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The seven stars of the big dipper were all plainly<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>
+visible when Uncle Henry came down the board
+walk and sat cross-legged on the sand.</p>
+
+<p>The first thing he did was to extend the line
+joining the last two pebbles in the great bear&rsquo;s tail
+until it was about five times as long as before, and
+curved slightly downward as it went. (<a href="#Spring">2</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now, Betty,&rdquo; he said, &ldquo;give me a pebble&mdash;a
+good big one. This is a bright star we&rsquo;ll begin with;
+see if you can find it,&rdquo; and Uncle Henry put down
+the pebble at the end of the line, like this.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-013.png" width="443" height="269" alt="Arcturus, Horse Rider" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>The three exclaimed, &ldquo;I see it!&rdquo; almost together.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right, then, we&rsquo;ll find &lsquo;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>,&rsquo; the herdsman
+who drives <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major</i> round the pole,&rdquo; said Uncle
+Henry. &ldquo;He has two dogs to help him besides.
+We&rsquo;ll find them too.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children gazed upward for some time, intently
+silent.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I guess,&rdquo; observed Betty finally, &ldquo;that you&rsquo;ll
+have to tell us whether that big star is the bear-driver&rsquo;s
+head&mdash;or one of his &lsquo;booties,&rsquo; Uncle Henry.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>A duet of groans from Peter and Paul followed
+this example of the lowest form of wit.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I can&rsquo;t see anything that looks like a man the
+least bit,&rdquo; she went on, oblivious of the groans,
+&ldquo;but I can see a kite, with that big star at the
+place where the tail would be fastened on.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Fine,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;Make the kite then,
+Betty&mdash;and then we&rsquo;ll find the herdsman after we&rsquo;ve
+flown the kite a while. That&rsquo;s the wonderful thing
+about Starland. If you get tired of one of the
+beasts or people in it&mdash;presto! You can change him
+into anything he looks like to you. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i> is really
+much more like a kite than a man, so let&rsquo;s make the
+kite. Put the pebbles down, Betty.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Betty did, and they looked like this.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-014.png" width="477" height="271" alt="The kite" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That was easy!&rdquo; exclaimed Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Never you mind, Mr. Peter!&rdquo; Betty burst out
+warmly, &ldquo;I found it first, anyhow!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll let Peter find the bear-driver&rsquo;s head,&rdquo; said
+Uncle Henry judicially.</p>
+
+<p>Peter promptly picked the big star at the tail-end
+of the kite.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You&rsquo;re wrong,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but I don&rsquo;t
+blame you. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arcturus</i> is much too bright and beautiful
+to be only a big, bright button on the lower edge
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>&rsquo; shepherd&rsquo;s kilt&mdash;but that is all it is. The
+star at the top end of the kite is his head, and the
+two stars at the ends of the cross-stick of the kite are
+his shoulders. About halfway from them to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arcturus</i>
+you can find the belt of his kilt, and&mdash;&mdash;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I see his legs!&rdquo; interrupted Paul. &ldquo;He&rsquo;s
+running after the big bear.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Put them in, Paul,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>Paul did, and the figure of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i> grew to look like
+this.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-015.png" width="269" height="234" alt="Bo�tes" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;But he hasn&rsquo;t any arms!&rdquo; said Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, he has,&rdquo; explained Uncle Henry, &ldquo;his left
+one is up in the air, and his right one holds a shepherd&rsquo;s
+crook upon his right shoulder. Like this.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry added pebbles and lines until <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>
+was finished.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-016.png" width="250" height="314" alt="Bo�tes finished" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What awful short legs he has!&rdquo; criticised Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That must be why he&rsquo;s never caught the great
+bear,&rdquo; smiled Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;s he shaking his fist for?&rdquo; inquired Paul,
+pointing to the herdsman&rsquo;s left hand. &ldquo;Is he so mad
+because he can&rsquo;t catch <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major?&rdquo;</i></p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry did not reply, but drew two long
+lines from the uplifted hand downward to a point
+just below the end of the big bear&rsquo;s tail.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I know!&rdquo; piped Betty, and throwing herself
+on her back, she began to star-gaze industriously.</p>
+
+<p>Peter and Paul looked at each other inquiringly.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The dogs!&rdquo; said Peter. &ldquo;Betty&rsquo;s looking for
+them. They&rsquo;re on leash of course. Those lines are
+the leashes.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry smiled his pleasure.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The hunting dogs&mdash;or, as you would say it in
+Latin, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canes Venatici</i>, are largely imaginary. There
+are six stars&mdash;three in each dog, and all faint except
+one, named <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cor Caroli</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I see the bright one!&rdquo; said Peter, and put down
+a fair-sized pebble to represent it. When the
+children had found the five other faint stars and
+Uncle Henry had finished drawing the dogs, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>
+and his hunting hounds, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Asterion</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Chara</i>, looked
+like this.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-017.png" width="436" height="313" alt="Bo�tes with Asterion and Chara" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Why do they call the bright star at the tail of
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Chara</i>, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cor Caroli</i>, Uncle Henry?&rdquo; asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It is Latin for &lsquo;heart of Charles,&rsquo;&rdquo; said Uncle
+Henry, &ldquo;and the Charles they mean is Charles the
+Second of England, but don&rsquo;t ask me why, for I
+don&rsquo;t know. Perhaps the dog <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Chara</i> ran away with
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cor Caroli</i>. I understand that Charles the Second
+lost his heart pretty often, and perhaps one time he
+didn&rsquo;t get it back. Beware, Paul! I am Father
+William out of Alice in Wonderland; &lsquo;you have
+asked me three questions and that is enough.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Are you going to make a poem for us to-night,
+too?&rdquo; inquired Betty hopefully.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Let me see,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry thoughtfully.
+&ldquo;Great bear, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>, pronounced B&#333;-&#333;-tees, and two
+dogs&mdash;they ought to make some kind of a poem.
+How&rsquo;s this? I&rsquo;ll let you name it after you&rsquo;ve heard
+it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;The big bear runs, the herdsman runs,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">His dogs, they both are chasing.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">While Ursa growls, Bo�tes howls,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">His dogs, they both are barking.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">For Ursa stole Bo�tes&rsquo; bowl<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Of hot milk, set acooling.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">His mouth burns yet, the bowl&rsquo;s upset,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The milky way is streaming.&rdquo;<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The milky way to catch a bear,&rdquo; suggested Paul,
+as a name for the poem.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Who spilt the milk?&rdquo; volunteered Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The herdsman hasn&rsquo;t ever caught <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major</i>,&rdquo;
+said Betty reflectively, &ldquo;so he&rsquo;s wasting his time
+chasing him. &lsquo;Don&rsquo;t cry over spilt milk&rsquo; would be
+a good title, I think. He ought to be tending his
+silly sheep, if he has any.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I&rsquo;ve got it!&rdquo; exclaimed Peter, &ldquo;&lsquo;Ursa was a big
+bear; Ursa was a thief.&rsquo; Like &lsquo;Taffy the Welshman,&rsquo;
+you know.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Since no one else had a better title, the &ldquo;Society
+of Star-Gazers,&rdquo; as Paul had named it, let it go at
+that, and allowed Bo�tes to persist in his pursuit of
+the great bear for his ancient mischief.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I thought you were going to show us the lions
+to-night, Uncle Hen,&rdquo; said Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So I am, Peter,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Tell me
+what you see just below and between <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major&rsquo;s</i>
+hind feet.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>All the children looked, and Peter answered,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Three faint stars, like a triangle.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Put them in with pebbles,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry,
+and Peter did.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s one lion; the little one. Now we&rsquo;ll find
+the big one and draw them both.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="figright">
+<img src="images/illo-020a.png" width="253" height="312" alt="Regulus" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>Then Uncle Henry drew a long line through the
+two stars at the root of the great bear&rsquo;s tail, and
+extended it to the three little pebbles in a triangle
+under the bear&rsquo;s feet, and through the triangle, and
+beyond as far again. At the end of this line he put
+a large pebble. (<a href="#Spring">3</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;There,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;is the star <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Regulus</i>,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span>
+which is in the big
+lion&rsquo;s heart. See if
+you can find the rest
+of him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Betty soon picked
+out the lion&rsquo;s head,
+and Paul added his
+hind quarters, and
+when Uncle Henry
+had drawn outlines
+around both big
+and little lions they
+looked like this.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-020b.png" width="318" height="381" alt="Big and little lion" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now show us the Swan,&rdquo; urged Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, and the Dragon!&rdquo; reminded Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You children haven&rsquo;t forgotten a single one I
+promised,&rdquo; laughed Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Well, here goes;
+everybody find the dipper again.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Everybody did.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now draw a line straight up through the middle
+of the dipper&rsquo;s bowl and keep on with it a little over
+three times the length of the dipper&rsquo;s handle. (<a href="#Summer">4</a>) Put
+a large pebble there and see if you can find the star.
+It&rsquo;s in the swan&rsquo;s tail, and he looks as if he was
+flying overhead, with his wings spread, and his long
+neck stretched out ahead of him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Is he sort of like a cross?&rdquo; inquired Betty after
+a moment.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Put him in with
+pebbles.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This shows how to find and draw the swan the
+way the children and Uncle Henry did.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-021.png" width="426" height="264" alt="The Swan" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now the dragon, Uncle Hen!&rdquo; urged Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Are you sure,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;that you
+promise not to have any bad dreams about the
+dragon if I show him to you before you go to bed?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Sure!&rdquo; chorused the Society of Star-Gazers.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;the dragon is very
+terrible, but he is afraid of bears, so he is squirming
+away as fast as he can from them. He is wriggling
+a little faster too, because <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major</i> is on one side
+of him and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Minor</i> on the other. Draw a line
+through the stars in the tips of the swan&rsquo;s wings,
+back toward the head of the bear-driver, and you&rsquo;ll
+find the dragon&rsquo;s head about halfway. (<a href="#Summer">5</a>) It&rsquo;s a little
+triangle of stars, and from that the dragon&rsquo;s body
+winds around the little bear&rsquo;s body and down above
+the big bear&rsquo;s back.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I see all of him!&rdquo; exclaimed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Here are the pebbles,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;put
+the dragon, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Draco</i>, where he belongs.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Paul did, and Uncle Henry finished him.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;To-morrow night,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;we&rsquo;ll
+find some more of the star people and sky animals.
+They even have musical instruments in this Skyland
+of ours, so we&rsquo;ll find the lyre that the sky ladies
+play on! One of the sky gentlemen is a great archer,
+too, so we&rsquo;ll find him shooting his bow and arrow
+at a giant scorpion, and&mdash;&mdash;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, let&rsquo;s find <em>that</em> now!&rdquo; pleaded Peter and Paul
+in unison.</p>
+
+<p>Betty did not join in the chorus. She was asleep,
+with her head in Uncle Henry&rsquo;s lap.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-023.png" width="372" height="442" alt="The dragon" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;To-morrow night,&rdquo; smiled Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Betty
+will want to hear, too, about the sky lady&rsquo;s mandolin,
+or harp, or lyre, or whatever it is.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Then he picked up the little girl without waking
+her, and the boys followed him up the walk into
+&ldquo;Seven Oaks&rdquo;&mdash;and bed.</p>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>THIRD EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">UNCLE HENRY&rsquo;S MAGIC TURNS THE LYRE INTO A
+UKELELE&mdash;AND THE ARCHER&rsquo;S ARROW MISSES THE
+LOVELY SWAN AND HITS THE HORRID SCORPION</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Betty</span> had been informed by her brothers that
+Uncle Henry had promised, after she fell asleep, to
+show the lyre that the star ladies play when they
+have nothing else to do.</p>
+
+<p>Since she had a new ukelele herself, and was
+learning to play it, her interest in all stringed instruments
+was keen, and as soon as the Society of
+Star-Gazers had come together on the beach the next
+evening, she demanded that the lyre be found.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;find the swan&rsquo;s
+wing, on the side of him toward the dragon. Get
+that? Well then, look for a very bright star between
+that wing and the swan&rsquo;s neck, and about the length
+of the swan&rsquo;s neck away from the tip of the wing.
+You can&rsquo;t miss it, for it&rsquo;s the brightest star anywhere
+near. Its name is <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Vega</i>, and some one has called it
+&lsquo;the arc-light of the sky.&rsquo;&rdquo; (<a href="#Summer">6</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I see it!&rdquo; cried Betty and the boys together.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Look for two smaller stars that make a triangle<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span>
+with <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Vega</i>, and then for three more that make a long
+diamond shape. That&rsquo;s right, Peter, put down the
+pebbles and finish the lyre.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-025a.png" width="316" height="226" alt="The lyre" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s sort of a harp on a foot!&rdquo; said Betty in disappointment.
+&ldquo;I want to make a ukelele of it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Sure, easy as breathing,&rdquo; agreed Uncle Henry,
+and promptly rubbed out <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Lyra</i> from the sand, and
+made it over.</p>
+
+<p>After all, Betty was the baby and might have her
+own way whenever Uncle Henry had anything to
+say about it. And let no one say that the ancients
+had all the imagination, after seeing the ukelele that
+Uncle Henry made of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Lyra</i>.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-025b.png" width="306" height="229" alt="The ukelele" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We strive to please,&rdquo; he said as it was finished,
+and Betty clapped her hands.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now we want to see the archer shoot the giant
+scorpion!&rdquo; demanded Paul, speaking for the masculine
+part of the audience.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Just a minute,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;I&rsquo;m coming
+to him. You can see one of his arrows if you look on
+the other side of the swan&rsquo;s neck, just opposite to
+Betty&rsquo;s ukelele. The archer shot at the swan and
+missed it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Serves him right for trying to kill the beautiful
+swan. I love &rsquo;em!&rsquo;&rdquo; said Betty, with feeling.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You&rsquo;ll need to use very small pebbles,&rdquo; warned
+Uncle Henry, &ldquo;for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagitta</i> is rather small and quite
+faint.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;s <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagitta?&rdquo;</i> asked Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Latin for &lsquo;arrow,&rsquo;&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>When the arrow was found and drawn, it was in
+this position.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-026.png" width="305" height="234" alt="Sagitta" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now the archer!&rdquo; demanded Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Paul, draw a
+line straight out from the head of the swan, right
+on in the direction he is flying, and go about twice
+the length of the swan&rsquo;s neck.&rdquo; (<a href="#Summer">7</a>)</p>
+
+<p>Paul did.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now tell me,&rdquo; asked Uncle Henry, &ldquo;does anybody
+see anything, about there, that looks like a
+bow and arrow?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children searched the sky at a point
+a little over two swan&rsquo;s necks ahead of the
+swan&rsquo;s bill, and
+Peter cried triumphantly,</p>
+
+<div class="figright">
+<img src="images/illo-027.png" width="382" height="432" alt="The Archer" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I see it! I
+see it!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Make it then,&rdquo;
+said Uncle Henry,
+&ldquo;and keep the
+bow in the right
+position to the
+swan&rsquo;s neck.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>When Peter
+had all the pebbles
+in their right
+positions, Uncle
+Henry drew in
+the archer&rsquo;s body,
+and bow and
+arrow, and they
+looked like this:</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;He&rsquo;s just getting ready to shoot at the scorpion!&rdquo;
+exclaimed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;and the other star
+people have to look out too. The people who lived
+long ago called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagittarius</i>, our archer, &ldquo;the Bull
+Killer.&rdquo; They did this because when the stars of the
+archer rise in the east, they seem to drive all the
+stars of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>, the Bull, over the western edge of
+the world. So they said that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagittarius</i> killed
+off the Bull. We&rsquo;ll find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i> next winter.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now let&rsquo;s find the scorpion,&rdquo; urged Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Wait a minute!&rdquo; begged Betty, &ldquo;I see another
+dipper.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Peter was impatient. Dippers were not interesting,
+compared with giant scorpions.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Betty,&rdquo; he remarked, &ldquo;wouldn&rsquo;t believe there
+<em>was</em> a little dipper a few nights ago, and now she&rsquo;s
+seeing &rsquo;em everywhere.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>But Betty had her way as usual, and the Society of
+Star-Gazers paused before passing on to the scorpion.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Where do you see the new dipper, Betty?&rdquo;
+Uncle Henry inquired with interest.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s right back of the leg the archer is kneeling
+on.&rdquo; (<a href="#Summer">8</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You&rsquo;re quite right,&rdquo; Uncle Henry agreed, &ldquo;and
+it&rsquo;s called &lsquo;the milk dipper,&rsquo; because it&rsquo;s right on the
+edge of the milky way.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Why that&rsquo;s the bowl <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ursa Major</i> tried to get
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>&rsquo; hot milk out of, and burned his mouth, and
+upset!&rdquo; explained Betty, with a sudden inspiration.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So it is,&rdquo; agreed Uncle Henry, &ldquo;although I must<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span>
+confess I never thought of the milk dipper when I
+made up that rhyme for you youngsters.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now the scorpion!&rdquo; insisted Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, have your old scorpion, then, Mr. Peter!&rdquo;
+exploded Betty, &ldquo;I don&rsquo;t want to see the horrid
+thing. I&rsquo;m going to the cottage and show Katy the
+milk dipper.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>And she went.</p>
+
+<p>So it was with Peter and Paul alone that Uncle
+Henry found the scorpion that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagittarius</i>, the
+archer, is always aiming at. (<a href="#Summer">9</a>) It would have been
+easy for Betty to find, for it really looks a good deal
+like a scorpion. See if you don&rsquo;t think so when
+you&rsquo;ve found it.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-029.png" width="445" height="223" alt="The scorpion" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>After Uncle Henry had shown the boys how the
+big, red star, called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Antares</i>, in the heart of the
+scorpion, has a reddish color, Peter suggested that
+it was probably red because the Archer had already
+shot an arrow through the scorpion&rsquo;s heart, and
+made it bleed.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>After that, since neither the boys nor Uncle Henry
+ever wanted Betty left out of anything, and since
+they knew she would have stayed if Peter and she
+hadn&rsquo;t wanted different things at the same time, the
+Society of Star-Gazers adjourned until the next
+evening.</p>
+
+<p>On the porch, however, Uncle Henry made up
+this poem and repeated it to Peter and Paul before
+they went in to bed.</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;The Scorpion&rsquo;s heart has bled,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Antares-star is red,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">The Archer made an arrow-wound,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">But Scorpio isn&rsquo;t dead.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">The Archer draws his strong-bow,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To shoot a sharp new arrow,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">I hope he hits the Scorpion,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And kills the poisonous fellow.&rdquo;<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>FOURTH EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">THE VIRGIN IS TOO BUSY FEEDING HER SKY POULTRY,
+SO CASSIOPEIA GETS THE UKELELE TO PLAY</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Betty</span>, in spite of her pretended lack of curiosity
+about the scorpion, was down on the beach the
+next evening ahead of the other members of the
+Society of Star-Gazers. Uncle Henry found her in
+the twilight, sitting cross-legged before the sand-drawing
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Scorpio</i>.</p>
+
+<p>As she searched the southern sky to find the constellation,
+she was singing Uncle Henry&rsquo;s verses
+about the archer and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Scorpio</i> over and over, to a
+tune of her own improvising.</p>
+
+<p>The boys had made bows and arrows from green
+saplings during the morning and had raced about for
+some time with &ldquo;Rags,&rdquo; in search of giant scorpions
+to shoot at. They discovered them in the most
+unexpected objects&mdash;trees, rocks, and even boats.
+The hunt had been accompanied by a war chant,
+with the scorpion verses for words. It was a faint
+echo of this that Betty was crooning to herself now.</p>
+
+<p>As Uncle Henry approached her she looked up at
+him and said,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Aren&rsquo;t there any ladies among the star people,
+Uncle Henry? You told about the lyre that they
+play on, but you haven&rsquo;t shown any of them to us.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, Betty,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, sitting down
+beside her, &ldquo;there are several ladies in our star
+country, but only two of them are in our sight in the
+summer time. Let&rsquo;s get the boys and we&rsquo;ll find both
+the ladies and take a vote to decide which of them
+shall have your lyre-ukelele to play on.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Betty called, in her high little voice, for Peter and
+Paul to hurry, and they raced down from the porch
+with &ldquo;Rags&rdquo; in tow.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Uncle Hen,&rdquo; asked Peter, &ldquo;&lsquo;Rags&rsquo; wants to
+know if there aren&rsquo;t any more dogs in the sky?&rdquo;
+&ldquo;Sure,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;sky folks are very fond
+of dogs. We&rsquo;ve found the two that belong to the
+herdsman. Besides them, there are two others, but
+we can&rsquo;t see them &rsquo;til next winter. And, of course,
+there&rsquo;s <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cerberus</i>, the ugly, monstrous three-headed
+dog that Hercules killed. We&rsquo;ll find him to-night.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, that&rsquo;s great!&rdquo; said Peter, and he and Paul
+settled down with &ldquo;Rags&rdquo; between them. &ldquo;Rags&rdquo;
+looked expectantly at Uncle Henry, who said,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;But first I&rsquo;ve promised Betty to find the sky
+ladies that we can see now, and let one of them have
+the ukelele.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Rags&rsquo;&rdquo; ears dropped and he lost interest. Peter
+and Paul, however, remembering Betty&rsquo;s temper of
+the previous evening, said,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Of course, ladies first.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;everybody find
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arcturus</i> in the hem of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>&rsquo; kilt. Get that? Well,
+then, draw a line in the sand, Betty, from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Bo�tes</i>&rsquo;
+right shoulder through <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arcturus</i>, and extend the line
+about as far again. (<a href="#Summer">10</a>) Then look in the sky at that
+point for a bright star.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I see it!&rdquo; cried Betty. The boys picked it out
+next moment.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;it doesn&rsquo;t look much like
+an ear of corn, does it? That&rsquo;s what it is, though; an
+ear of corn held in the Virgin&rsquo;s left hand. Its name,
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Spica</i>, means just that. The Virgin is scattering grains
+from the ear of corn with her right hand, to attract the
+birds of Starland&mdash;the swan, the eagle, and the dove.
+We&rsquo;ll find the eagle a little later on, but the dove is so
+far south that we never see it well. The boys and
+girls in South America see Noah&rsquo;s dove, but we can&rsquo;t.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; continued Uncle Henry, &ldquo;follow along
+northward from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Spica</i> to a point just below the big
+lion&rsquo;s tail. There is the Virgin&rsquo;s head. Between
+it and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Spica</i> are two fairly bright stars. The one
+nearest <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Spica</i> is the Virgin&rsquo;s shoulder. Her left arm
+hangs at her side, from the shoulder to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Spica</i>, while
+her right arm extends in the direction of the great
+bear&rsquo;s tail. Put
+down the pebbles
+as fast as you find
+the stars, Betty.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="figright">
+<img src="images/illo-033.png" width="286" height="228" alt="Virgo" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>When Betty and
+Uncle Henry had
+finished the Virgin,
+or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virgo</i>, as
+she is called in
+Latin, she looked
+like this:</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Then Uncle Henry added the little half circle of
+small pebbles, with one larger one near the centre,
+shown in the picture just at the left of Bo�tes. (<a href="#Summer">11</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What is that, Uncle Henry?&rdquo; asked all the
+children at once.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Do you see it in the sky?&rdquo; he asked,</p>
+
+<p>The children quickly found it.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What does it look like, then?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Peter thought it was a handful of corn-grains from
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virgo&rsquo;s</i> hand.</p>
+
+<p>Betty said, &ldquo;A necklace.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s nearest right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;It is
+called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Corona Borealis</i>, or the Northern Crown. That
+brightest star is named <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemma</i>, so you see it might
+be a gem in a necklace, too. The Virgin looks as if
+she was going to bend over and pick it up. Perhaps
+she will some day.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I think,&rdquo; said Paul, &ldquo;that she&rsquo;s too busy a person
+to give Betty&rsquo;s ukelele to. Who&rsquo;s the other lady?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I quite agree with you,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;The
+Virgin seems very much occupied. Well, there is
+another lady in Starland. Her name is <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i>,
+and since she has nothing to do but sit in a chair,
+perhaps Betty will let <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i> have the ukelele
+to play. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virgo</i> won&rsquo;t be jealous, either, because
+she is clear across the sky from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia;</i> too far
+away to see. A long line drawn across the sky from
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Spica</i> through the pole star in the little bear&rsquo;s tail-tip
+will reach <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i>. (<a href="#Summer">12</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;She is easy to find, because she looks just like a
+big letter W. Does anybody see it?&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>The trio all found the W very quickly. You will,
+too, for it is very conspicuous in the northeastern
+sky in July and August. Uncle Henry showed the
+children that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia&rsquo;s</i> W had to be turned
+upside down, into an M, before she could be made to
+sit in her chair properly.</p>
+
+<p>Here is how <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i> looked:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-035.png" width="243" height="209" alt="Cassiopeia" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;She hasn&rsquo;t a blessed thing to do. We&rsquo;ll give the
+lyre to her,&rdquo; said Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I am glad to hear that you are going to give the
+ukelele to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i>,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Perhaps
+it will make her feel happier. She has had a rather
+sad life. Long ago <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i> was queen of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">�thiopia</i>,
+and was very beautiful. But she was so proud of
+her good looks that she boasted herself prettier than
+the lovely sea-nymphs. This made Neptune, the
+god of the sea, so angry that he sent one of his
+worst sea-monsters to make trouble along the shore
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia&rsquo;s</i> country.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;And as if that wasn&rsquo;t bad enough, Neptune<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span>
+demanded <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia&rsquo;s</i> daughter <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i> as a
+sacrifice.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So you see it seems good to see <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i> getting
+a little justice done her, if it&rsquo;s only the present of a
+ukelele.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Teacher says,&rdquo; piped up Betty, &ldquo;that the lady&rsquo;s
+statue on top of the Court House is &lsquo;<cite>Justice</cite>.&rsquo; What
+does she have that little pair of scales in her hand for,
+Uncle Henry?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The scales are to help her in weighing the good
+and bad that people do,&rdquo; explained Uncle Henry,
+&ldquo;and speaking of scales, there&rsquo;s a pair of them in the
+sky, too. If you will look between the <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Scorpio</i> and
+the Virgin you will find the scales. (<a href="#Summer">13</a>) They are
+called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Libra</i>, which is Latin for &lsquo;balance.&rsquo; There are
+four main stars in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Libra</i>, which make an oblong.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This is how <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Libra</i>, the balance, looked when the
+children and Uncle Henry had finished drawing it:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-036.png" width="335" height="287" alt="Libra" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Peter, with an air of having shown
+great patience, &ldquo;we want to see that three-headed
+dog. I forgot his name.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cerberus</i>,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;But in order to
+find him we&rsquo;ll have to find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i>, the great strong
+man, for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i> has <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cerberus</i> fast by one of his
+throats and is beating at his three ugly heads with a
+big club. At the same time, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i> has his left
+foot on the dragon&rsquo;s head, so you see he is kept
+busy.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Where do we begin?&rdquo; asked Paul, impatiently.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Draw a line,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Vega</i>
+in the ukelele to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemma</i> in the <cite>Northern Crown;</cite>
+the Virgin&rsquo;s necklace we found a while ago, you
+know.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Paul did it. (<a href="#Summer">14</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; directed Uncle Henry, &ldquo;look about
+half-way between, and you&rsquo;ll find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules&rsquo;</i> legs.
+His left leg is nearly straight, but his right has
+the knee bent a little. <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules&rsquo;</i> legs and the
+sides of his body and his belt make sort of an H
+shape.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I see it!&rdquo; exclaimed Peter. &ldquo;Shall I make
+him, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Sure, go ahead, Pete; and the rest of you watch
+for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i>&rsquo; head and arms.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>When the children had put down pebbles to
+represent all the stars in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i>, and had connected
+them with lines in the sand, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i> looked
+like this:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-038a.png" width="360" height="262" alt="Hercules" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh,&rdquo; broke out Betty, excitedly, &ldquo;he&rsquo;s got the
+ugly dog in his left hand!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Then she added the three heads of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cerberus</i>, and
+it was Uncle Henry&rsquo;s turn to draw in the outline of
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i>, and complete the picture, like this:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-038b.png" width="402" height="286" alt="Cerberus" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You have probably read,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry,
+&ldquo;about the twelve great labors <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i> performed.
+He had to be very strong to do them, but of course he
+was born that way. They say he even rose up out
+of his cradle and strangled two serpents that the
+goddess <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Juno</i> sent to destroy him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The Society of Star-Gazers became very enthusiastic
+about <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i> after he was all finished. So
+will you when you see how big and strong and
+beautiful he is, almost straight over your head in the
+summer sky just after dark. You will enjoy him
+more if you lie on your back to look, as the Society of
+Star-Gazers did on the beach.</p>
+
+<p>While they were all flat on the sand, looking up
+into the great blue-black, star-sprinkled bowl,
+Uncle Henry made up this poem, and recited it
+before the Society adjourned for the night:</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;Hercules the strong man&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Feel his muscle!<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Feel his muscle!<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Hercules the strong man&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">See him tussle!<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">See him tussle!<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Right hand holds a club&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">I can see;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">I can see.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Left hand grips a throat&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">One of three;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">One of three.</span><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span><br />
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Three-head dogs are freaks&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Queer to us;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Queer to us.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">That&rsquo;s because you never saw&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Cerberus;<br /></span>
+<span class="i2">Cerberus.<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>FIFTH EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">IN WHICH A DOLPHIN WITH AN EAR FOR MUSIC SAVES
+A POET&rsquo;S LIFE&mdash;AND UNCLE HENRY PUTS TWO
+BIRDS IN ONE POEM</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">During</span> the next day Peter and Paul had seen a
+blue-racer in the grass, and, with Rags&rsquo; assistance,
+had chased it off into the woods behind the cottage.</p>
+
+<p>So it was only natural for Peter to ask Uncle Henry
+whether there were any snakes among the star
+creatures.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry had said, &ldquo;Two,&rdquo; and promised to
+show the children a very big one, and an old man
+having a struggle with it besides.</p>
+
+<p>Peter and Paul were expectantly waiting on the
+sand when Uncle Henry and Betty came down from
+the porch that evening after dark.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Peter, &ldquo;where&rsquo;s the snake, Uncle
+Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll begin with his head,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.
+&ldquo;Everybody find the northern crown, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virgo&rsquo;s</i>
+necklace, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i>&rsquo; club. Now look just between
+them and you will see five stars in a sort of
+little cross, quite close together. Get that?&rdquo; (<a href="#Summer">15</a>)</p>
+
+<p>The children soon found all five and put down
+little stones to represent them on the sand.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right, then; now trace a line from star to
+star, down toward <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Scorpio</i>, and then across toward<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span>
+the archer, and then up in the direction of the swan.
+That line is the <cite>Serpent</cite>. It is writhing in the hands
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ophiuchus</i>, the old man who is called &lsquo;The
+Serpent-bearer.&rsquo; His head and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i>&rsquo; head are
+only a little way apart. Look for a bright star just
+east of the bright one in the head of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Hercules</i> and you
+will have the head of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ophiuchus</i>. Then look where his
+shoulders would naturally come and you will see two
+stars close together in each shoulder. Find them?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children did, and placed pebbles for the head
+and shoulders of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ophiuchus</i>.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;draw two long lines
+down from the shoulders, through the Serpent and
+beyond, and you will have the old man&rsquo;s body, legs
+and feet. One foot is just in front of the archer&rsquo;s
+bow; the other is just above the red heart of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Scorpio</i>.
+You will have to imagine his arms, and his hands
+holding the serpent while it squirms.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>When all the pebbles were down and all the lines
+were drawn, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ophiuchus</i> and the serpent, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Serpens</i>
+in Latin, looked like this:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-042.png" width="283" height="239" alt="Ophuchus and the serpent" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Are there any more snakes, Uncle Hen?&rdquo; inquired
+Paul expectantly.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, a sea-serpent made of very faint stars,&rdquo;
+said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but he is rather hard to trace
+out and the only other creature I have left now
+that is anything like a snake is a dolphin, or porpoise,
+and he isn&rsquo;t much like one. We&rsquo;ll find him,
+anyway, and then if you prefer to make a sea-horse
+out of the dolphin, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i>, as you would say
+in Latin, why go ahead and do it. The animals in
+Starland are very obliging. They will turn into
+anything you like to see in them.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Where is the dolphin, Uncle Henry?&rdquo; asked
+Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well,&rdquo; said he, &ldquo;draw a line through the
+beak of the swan and the arrow, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagitta</i>, and
+it will strike <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i>. (<a href="#Summer">16</a>) The arrow is about
+halfway between the swan and the dolphin.
+See it?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children soon found the dolphin and mapped
+his skeleton with pebbles. Then Uncle Henry put
+it to a vote of the Society of Star-Gazers whether
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i> should be finished up as a dolphin or a
+sea-horse. The vote was two to one for the sea-horse.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry drew a sigh of relief; he didn&rsquo;t know
+quite what a dolphin looked like, and he had seen a
+picture of a sea-horse in the dictionary only the day
+before. So <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i> turned out to look like this.
+If you insist on having him a dolphin, why draw him
+differently yourself:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-044.png" width="334" height="264" alt="Delphinus as a seahorse" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I wonder,&rdquo; said Betty thoughtfully, &ldquo;who rides
+the sea-horses. Do the mermaids, Uncle Henry?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I don&rsquo;t know about the mermaids,&rdquo; he answered,
+&ldquo;but I do know that an ancient poet and musician,
+named <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arion</i>, was saved from drowning by riding to
+shore on a dolphin. It was like this:</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Arion had gone from his home on the island of
+Lesbos to Italy, and while there had made a great
+deal of money by his singing.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Just like Caruso in New York,&rdquo; exclaimed Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;and also like Caruso,
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arion</i> decided to go home for a visit. Well, on the
+way to Lesbos the sailors decided to murder <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arion</i>
+and get all the money he was taking home with him.
+He had gone on a regular pirate ship you see. The
+pirates were all ready to kill <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arion</i>, but he begged so
+hard to play just one little melody on his lute before
+he died that the pirate sailors said, &lsquo;Yes, he might<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span>
+play just one.&rsquo; You would hardly believe it, but
+the melody that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arion</i> played was so catchy and
+tuneful that it attracted a number of dolphins, who
+began to dance and turn somersaults about the ship.
+Then <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Arion</i> watched his chance&mdash;and jumped over-board&mdash;and
+one of the friendly, music-loving dolphins
+carried him back to Lesbos on his back.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;My, but I&rsquo;m glad he got away from those awful
+pirates!&rdquo; cried Betty with heartfelt fervor.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s too bad the horrid sailors got his money after
+all,&rdquo; said Peter. &ldquo;If they hadn&rsquo;t he might have got
+something nice for the dolphin to eat when he got
+to that place where he lived.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The dolphin fared better than that,&rdquo; Uncle
+Henry assured the children. &ldquo;It pleased the sea
+god <cite>Neptune</cite> so much to have one of his creatures
+save a poet&rsquo;s life that he had that dolphin put in the
+sky among the stars, and we see him there now as
+the constellation <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;s next?&rdquo; demanded Peter when the story
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i> was finished.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The next three,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, shaking his
+head sadly, &ldquo;are the last.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The last?!!&rdquo; chorused the Society of Star-Gazers
+incredulously.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, maybe not absolutely the last,&rdquo; admitted
+Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but the last for this Summer. There
+is a whole dozen more of the Star People in our
+northern sky, but we can&rsquo;t see them until next
+Winter.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Why?&rdquo; inquired Betty anxiously.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s a long story,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Sometime
+I&rsquo;ll tell you all of it, beginning with the fact
+that the pole of the earth always points to the
+north star, where the little bear&rsquo;s tail is fastened,
+you remember. I promise to show you all the
+rest of the star animals and people when I
+come home for my Christmas vacation. Will that
+do, if I show you a wonderful eagle to-night&mdash;and
+a sea goat and a water carrier to finish up
+with?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children were disappointed, but they trusted
+Uncle Henry. He wouldn&rsquo;t stop showing animals
+and people until he had to; they all knew that.</p>
+
+<p>Peter said,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll have a whole dozen to look forward to
+next Christmas. Sort of a present from Uncle
+Henry. Come on, Uncle Hen, let&rsquo;s find the eagle
+and the sea goat and water carrier!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The others agreed with Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The eagle, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquila</i>,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;is
+easy to find because of a very bright star, called
+<cite>Altair</cite>, which is right in his neck. You will find it
+near the arrow, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagitta</i>, between the end of the
+serpent&rsquo;s tail and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i>. (<a href="#Summer">17</a>) Does anybody
+see <cite>Altair?&rdquo;</cite></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I do,&rdquo; said Betty, &ldquo;it&rsquo;s right between two other
+stars that aren&rsquo;t so bright.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Put down pebbles
+to represent all three, Betty, and we&rsquo;ll find the
+rest of the eagle, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquila</i>, as it would be in
+Latin.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>When the three pebbles were in place they stood
+in this relation to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagitta</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus:</i></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-047.png" width="273" height="225" alt="Altair" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;draw a line downward
+through the three stars and a little more than
+twice as far again and what do you see?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Another star,&rdquo; said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Put it in,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;and then draw
+another line from the upper of the first three stars
+in the direction of the handle of the &lsquo;milk dipper&rsquo; in
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagittarius</i>, the archer. Continue this about four
+times the length of the line that joins the first three
+stars together and you will find two fairly bright stars
+close together. That&rsquo;s right, Paul; put in the star
+you find about halfway down the line, too. Now
+draw a line from the two fairly bright stars back in
+the direction of the tail of the sea-horse, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i>,
+until it almost meets the first line you drew. There
+you will find another fairly bright star. Now it is
+easy to finish the eagle&rsquo;s skeleton.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-048.png" width="317" height="293" alt="The eagle&rsquo;s skeleton" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>When the eagle&rsquo;s skeleton was finished Peter
+thought it looked more like a big arrowhead than
+an eagle, but when Uncle Henry had drawn the
+outline of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquila</i>, the Society of Star-Gazers admitted
+the resemblance to the bird.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now where&rsquo;s that sea goat?&rdquo; inquired Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Follow the line of the first three stars we found
+in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquila</i> downward, and just a little way beyond
+where it ends in the tip of the eagle&rsquo;s wing you will
+see two rather faint stars, close together. (<a href="#Autumn">18</a>) They
+are at one corner of a &lsquo;cocked hat&rsquo; such as you make
+out of newspaper when you play soldier&mdash;sort of a
+Napoleon&rsquo;s hat. It is upside down. When you find
+it and put down pebbles for stars I&rsquo;ll show you
+how the good imaginations the ancient people had
+turned the cocked hat into a sea goat.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This shows how <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capricornus</i> the sea goat looked<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span>
+when the children and Uncle Henry had finished
+him. I leave it to you to decide whether or not he
+looks more like a cocked hat.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-049.png" width="440" height="309" alt="Capricornus" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;When we have found <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capricornus</i> the sea goat,&rdquo;
+said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;it is easy to find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i> or the
+water carrier. Just prolong the line that connects
+the goat&rsquo;s right foot with his tail until it runs close
+to a little triangle of three stars with another in the
+centre. (<a href="#Autumn">19</a>) It looks a little like the head of the Serpent
+we found squirming in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Ophiuchus</i>&rsquo; hands, but it
+is the water-jar <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i> is carrying.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I see it,&rdquo; cried Paul.</p>
+
+<p>The other stars in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i> were soon found and
+represented by pebbles. Then Uncle Henry drew<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span>
+the outline that finished the Water-Carrier, like
+this:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-050.png" width="398" height="324" alt="The Water-Carrier" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now we&rsquo;re all through?&rdquo; inquired Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Until next Christmas,&rdquo; smiled back Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Can&rsquo;t we have just one more poem?&rdquo; teased
+Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What shall it be about?&rdquo; asked Uncle Henry,
+with the air of a man who could write a poem to
+order on any subject.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;One about the lovely swan,&rdquo; commanded Betty,
+&ldquo;you haven&rsquo;t made one up about the swan.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry was in a quandary; he wanted to
+please everybody with the last poem. He lay down
+on his back and looked up at the sky for so long that
+the children thought he must have fallen asleep.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Finally Uncle Henry began to recite,</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;The eagle of Starland<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Got tired of his tree,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And challenged the swan to a race.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0b">&lsquo;Come up from the water!<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Fly up and be free!<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To northward I&rsquo;ll beat you a chase.&rsquo;<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">The swan thought of shivers<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And icebergs and frost&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">He made up his mind to race South.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">So they are still flying&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Their race can&rsquo;t be lost&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Till Gabriel blows with his mouth.&rdquo;<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;ll Gabriel blow?&rdquo; inquired Peter when the
+hand-clapping had stopped.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;His trumpet, of course, silly!&rdquo; answered Betty
+for Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>Just then the children heard a toot from an
+automobile horn that they all recognized, and the
+Society of Star-Gazers raced with Uncle Henry
+back up to &ldquo;Seven Oaks Cottage.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Sister&rdquo; and &ldquo;the Children&rsquo;s Father&rdquo; had come
+back from their trip and had surprised everybody.</p>
+
+<p>The summer sessions of the Society were over.</p>
+<hr class="l1"/>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>FIRST WINTER EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">THE &ldquo;SOCIETY&rdquo; LEARNS WHY ORION NEEDS A CLUB
+TO KEEP FRISKY TAURUS IN ORDER&mdash;AND WHY WE
+SAY &ldquo;BY JIMINI!&rdquo; WHEN WE GET EXCITED</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Uncle Henry</span> came, as he had promised, to spend
+his Christmas holidays with &ldquo;Sister,&rdquo; &ldquo;the Children&rsquo;s
+Father,&rdquo; Peter, Paul and Betty, in their city apartment.</p>
+
+<p>The children&rsquo;s hope for fair weather in Christmas
+week was not disappointed either. The days were
+snowy and sunny and the nights frosty and clear.</p>
+
+<p>Only one thing had worried the &ldquo;Society of Star-Gazers&rdquo;&mdash;what
+was to take the place of the smooth
+sand of the beach when Uncle Henry should begin to
+point out the sky people that were visible in the winter
+sky? There were pebbles, it was true, on the flat
+roof of the apartment house, but there was no sand.</p>
+
+<p>The children were certain, however, that Uncle
+Henry would find a way, as he always did, and sure
+enough, when he arrived he brought, as one of his
+Christmas gifts to the children, a wonderful blackboard,
+an easel to stand it upon, and plenty of white
+chalk.</p>
+
+<p>After dinner on the first night of Uncle Henry&rsquo;s
+visit, the Society of Star-Gazers was bundled up in
+warm coats and mufflers and he led the way to the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span>
+roof, carrying the blackboard and his pocket electric
+flashlight.</p>
+
+<p>Far above the lights of the city arched the great,
+blue-black bowl of the sky, filled with the sparkling
+patterns of stars that the children had learned to
+know as steadfast, unchanging friends.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Uncle Henry,&rdquo; said Betty, &ldquo;you&rsquo;ve told us about
+enough animals to really fill a Noah&rsquo;s ark, but we&rsquo;ve
+never heard anything about Noah himself. Isn&rsquo;t
+there any Mr. Noah in the sky?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, Betty,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;There isn&rsquo;t
+any constellation that&rsquo;s named for Noah, but he
+was a great hunter, and since there is a great hunter
+in the sky, we can call him Noah if we want to, even
+if his last name is <cite>Orion</cite>.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Noah O&rsquo;Ryan!&rdquo; laughed Paul. &ldquo;I know a boy
+named Michael O&rsquo;Ryan.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s not the same spelling,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, as
+he turned the flashlight on the blackboard while he
+wrote the word upon
+it, and underneath,
+made three large
+chalk dots, like this:</p>
+
+<div class="figright">
+<img src="images/illo-053.png" width="262" height="243" alt="Orion" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Find those three
+stars,&rdquo; said Uncle
+Henry, &ldquo;and you
+will have the <cite>belt of
+Orion</cite>. It ought not
+to be hard to find
+them, for there are
+no other stars like<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span>
+them anywhere in the whole sky. Those three
+stars have always attracted a lot of attention from
+people in all times and countries. In the Bible Job
+calls them &lsquo;the bands of Orion&rsquo;; the Arabs called
+them &lsquo;the Golden Nuts&rsquo;; the fierce Masai Tribe in
+Africa call them &lsquo;the three old men&rsquo;; the ancient
+Chinese named Orion &lsquo;Tsan,&rsquo; which means &lsquo;three&rsquo;;
+and to the Eskimos these three stars appear to be
+the three steps that a Starland Eskimo cuts in a
+snowbank when he wants to climb to the top of it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children soon found <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> belt about a third
+of the way up the southeastern sky.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;see who can find his
+shoulders first. Here is a piece of chalk for each of
+you. Put the shoulders in as soon as you see them.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="figleft">
+<img src="images/illo-054.png" width="256" height="325" alt="Orion&rsquo;s shoulders" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>Paul found <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> right shoulder, and Betty his
+left, and made large
+chalk dots to show
+how bright and
+beautiful the stars
+that mark the shoulders
+are.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I see his
+feet!&rdquo; exclaimed
+Betty delightedly.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Put them in
+then,&rdquo; said Uncle
+Henry.</p>
+
+<p>Then <cite>Orion</cite> looked
+like this on the
+blackboard:</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I&rsquo;ll tell you this much more,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry,
+&ldquo;and then you must finish <cite>Orion</cite> by yourselves. He
+has a great club, raised, ready to strike, in his right
+hand, and he holds a lion&rsquo;s skin on his left arm, as a
+shield.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;s he going to hit at?&rdquo; inquired Peter, with
+his boy&rsquo;s joy in battle uppermost.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;At <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>, the wild bull,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.
+&ldquo;You can see that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i> is very fierce, and would enjoy
+nothing better than to chase the twin star boys
+round and round the sky. He might not really want
+to hurt the boys, whose names are <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Castor</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pollux</i>,
+but <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>&rsquo; horns are very sharp and he doesn&rsquo;t
+know how to play gently, so it keeps <cite>Orion</cite> pretty
+busy getting between him and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i> and threatening
+the bull with his club.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;s &lsquo;jimini,&rsquo; Uncle Hen?&rdquo; said Paul. &ldquo;Sounds
+like our swear word.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It <em>is</em> the origin of it,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;The
+ancient Romans used to swear &lsquo;by <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i>,&rsquo; and it
+has slowly been changed into your &lsquo;jimini.&rsquo; <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i>
+is the Latin word that means &lsquo;twins.&rsquo; We&rsquo;ll find
+them after we finish up <cite>Orion</cite> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>, and then
+you&rsquo;ll see just how <cite>Orion</cite> keeps protecting them from
+the bull.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Hurry up, Uncle Hen!&rdquo; urged Peter. &ldquo;I&rsquo;m
+dreadful excited!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry did, and as a result <cite>Orion</cite> looked like
+this:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-056.png" width="444" height="553" alt="Orion looked like this" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Ooh! he&rsquo;s got a sword, too!&rdquo; cried Paul, as Uncle
+Henry added the three tiny stars below <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> belt,
+and drew the outline around them.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Why didn&rsquo;t he use the sword on <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus?&rdquo;</i> asked
+Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Because he knew <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i> was only playing in his
+rough way,&rdquo; Uncle Henry replied.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, we&rsquo;ve heard a lot about that bull,&rdquo; said
+Betty. &ldquo;Let&rsquo;s find him right away.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry said nothing, but took the chalk from
+Betty and drew a light line from <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> right foot
+to his left shoulder, and continued it upward about
+the same distance. (<a href="#Winter">20</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;There,&rdquo; he said, &ldquo;that point is just between the
+bull&rsquo;s horns and over his right eye. The right eye
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i> is a very bright star called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aldebaran</i>.
+Anybody see it?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I do!&rdquo; said Paul. &ldquo;What, hasn&rsquo;t <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>
+any left eye, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;He has,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but he has it closed
+just now. He&rsquo;s winking it at <cite>Orion</cite> as much as to
+say, &lsquo;Oh, I act fierce, but I wouldn&rsquo;t hurt those
+twins after all. I&rsquo;m just playing.&rsquo; Go ahead and
+put in the stars for the bull&rsquo;s head and horns as fast
+as you find them, youngsters.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children did, and when Uncle Henry had
+showed them the fore legs and shoulder, which contains
+the beautiful little group of faint stars called
+the <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pleiades</i>, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i> looked like this:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-058.png" width="445" height="447" alt="Taurus" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now we want the twins!&rdquo; cried Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;follow a line
+straight up the bull&rsquo;s left horn and a little more than
+the length of the horn beyond its tip and you will
+reach <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Castor</i>, the head of the fainter twin.&rdquo; (<a href="#Winter">21</a>)</p>
+
+<p>Peter and Paul began to show great interest, because
+they were twins themselves. They demanded
+that each be allowed to select one of the sky children
+and finish him completely, without Uncle Henry&rsquo;s
+assistance.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-059.png" width="419" height="633" alt="Castor and Pollux" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Paul, having first choice because he was twenty
+minutes younger than Peter, selected <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pollux</i>, and
+Peter had to be contented with the less bright <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Castor</i>.</p>
+
+<p>It was not a difficult task for either of the boys,
+after finding the twin star <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Castor</i>, for the head of
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pollux</i> is quite close beside it and the bodies of both
+star children stand side by side, with the feet just
+above <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> uplifted club.</p>
+
+<p>When <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i>, the twins, were finished, the blackboard
+looked like this, and since the children&rsquo;s
+fingers were so stiff with the cold that they could
+hardly hold the chalk, Uncle Henry moved that
+the Society of Star-Gazers adjourn until the next
+evening.</p>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>SECOND WINTER EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">IN WHICH THE DOGS OF ORION AND GEMINI FOLLOW
+THEIR MASTERS, PEGASUS ESCAPES AS USUAL, AND
+ANDROMEDA GETS A NICE SOFT BED OF HAY IN
+PLACE OF HER HARD OLD ROCK</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;<span class="smcap">Uncle Hen</span>,&rdquo; said Peter, when the Society was
+assembled round the blackboard, in overcoats and
+mittens, on the following night, &ldquo;what is that very
+bright star that is down behind <cite>Orion?</cite> It looks sort
+of important to me.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Right you are, Pete,&rdquo; answered Uncle Henry,
+looking where the boy pointed, &ldquo;it <em>is</em> important. It
+is the star <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i>, the brightest star in the whole
+sky. We&rsquo;ll begin with it and find <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> dog, or
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis Major</i>, which is Latin for &lsquo;bigger dog.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s great!&rdquo; exclaimed Paul, &ldquo;you told us last
+Summer that we&rsquo;d find him this Christmas-time.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So I did,&rdquo; agreed Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Well, you can
+always find <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> dog by drawing a line through
+<cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> belt and extending it behind him until it
+meets <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i>. (<a href="#Winter">22</a>) You can&rsquo;t miss it because it&rsquo;s so
+bright. Everybody see it?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Everybody did.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; went on Uncle Henry, &ldquo;extend the line
+that came from <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> belt, curving it slightly
+downward after it passes through <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i>, and you
+will have the dog&rsquo;s backbone. Put in the chalk<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span>
+dots as we find the stars, Pete. Now draw lines
+upward and downward from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i>, at right angles
+to the backbone line and you will have the dog&rsquo;s
+forelegs and ears. At a point on the backbone about
+twice the length of the foreleg from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i>, you will
+find another fairly bright star, and below it a little
+way another star. Connect these two and keep on
+with the line, at right angles to the backbone, and
+you will find one hind foot. The other is not far
+in front of it. Yes, that&rsquo;s right, Betty, there&rsquo;s a star
+in the tip of his tail, too. And the three stars near
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i> make <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis Major&rsquo;s</i> nose.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children soon finished the skeleton and Uncle
+Henry took the chalk and put the flesh upon it.
+Then the dog of <cite>Orion</cite> looked like this:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-062.png" width="444" height="251" alt="The dog of Orion" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;He&rsquo;s a faithful old fellow, isn&rsquo;t he?&rdquo; said Betty,
+&ldquo;to always follow Mr. <cite>Orion</cite> around like that?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I&rsquo;m not always sure,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span>
+&ldquo;whether the dog of <cite>Orion</cite> would always be so
+faithful if it wasn&rsquo;t for the rabbit that is always
+just ahead of him, almost under <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> feet.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, show us the rabbit!&rdquo; cried Betty. Her
+father had promised her that when they all went to
+live in a house in the country, she should have a
+pair of them for her very own.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right, Betty,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;You can
+find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Lepus</i>, the rabbit, yourself. The three rather
+faint stars just below <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> right foot make the
+curve of his back. Join them together with a curved
+line and extend it forward and downward until it
+passes through two brighter stars. The lowest of
+these is in the fore-shoulder of the rabbit. Now
+draw lines backward from both of these brighter
+stars, at about right angles to the line that joins them,
+and you will find the rabbit&rsquo;s hind hip and hind
+foot. He is lying down for a moment to rest. You
+see he&rsquo;s been galloping away from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis Major</i> for
+such a long time that he is tired.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Poor little rabbit!&rdquo; cried Betty, and her little
+face looked so pitiful in the light of the electric torch
+that Uncle Henry hastened to reassure her by saying
+that the big dog had never yet caught the rabbit, and
+by the very nature of things never could. Then she
+took heart to go on putting in the stars.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;you can find the star
+in the rabbit&rsquo;s eye by drawing a line forward from
+the upper one of the brighter stars, and the star in
+his fore-foot by drawing another forward and downward
+from his fore-shoulder. That finishes his
+skeleton, all except his ears. They are made by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span>
+finding four faint stars just under <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> left foot,
+and using two of them in each ear.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now can I draw his outline in, too?&rdquo; asked
+Betty. &ldquo;I want to make every bit of him myself.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Of course you can!&rdquo; exclaimed Uncle Henry
+indulgently.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You&rsquo;ve got to let me make all of the horse, then,
+when we come to him!&rdquo; exclaimed Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;In just a little while, Pete,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry,
+&ldquo;we&rsquo;re making the rabbit now.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right,&rdquo; agreed Peter.</p>
+
+<p>Betty had looked longingly at rabbits in pet
+stores so often that she really did very well at drawing
+the outline of the sky-rabbit.</p>
+
+<p>We leave it to you to better it. You can&rsquo;t&mdash;unless
+you love rabbits more than she did.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-064.png" width="453" height="319" alt="The rabbit" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Betty&rsquo;s brothers were quite astonished, and pleased
+the little girl immensely by clapping their hands
+when the rabbit was finished.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now let me do the horse!&rdquo; demanded Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;ll be left for me to do?&rdquo; inquired Paul
+wistfully, &ldquo;if you let Pete do the horse?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;ll be all right, Paul,&rdquo; reassured Uncle
+Henry, &ldquo;the sky horse is very large, but we&rsquo;ll give
+you two smaller animals to do yourself to make up
+for him&mdash;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>, the ram, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis Minor</i>, the
+smaller dog.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Fine,&rdquo; agreed Paul. &ldquo;I know all &rsquo;bout rams.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children laughed gleefully. Paul had been
+butted over once by a ram when they were on a
+summer visit to their grandfather&rsquo;s farm.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, Pete,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry briskly, &ldquo;you&rsquo;ll
+find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>, the horse, grazing clear on the other
+side of the star field. Somebody built a box stall
+for him over there, but he&rsquo;s so big and strong that
+he doesn&rsquo;t stay in it except when he feels like it. He&rsquo;s
+all the time leaping the fence and escaping. When
+you find him, you&rsquo;ll see that he&rsquo;s doing that very
+thing now. In fact, you&rsquo;ll catch him right in the act!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, let&rsquo;s hurry then!&rdquo; said Peter, &ldquo;he might
+be out before we see him do it!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Everybody find the big dipper,&rdquo; directed Uncle
+Henry. &ldquo;You remember how we found the pole star
+in the tip of the little bear&rsquo;s tail by drawing a line
+up through the &lsquo;pointer stars&rsquo; of the dipper&rsquo;s bowl,
+on the side away from the handle? Well, do that
+again now, and follow the line through the pole star,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span>
+passing behind <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i> in her chair, and continuing
+until your line passes through two fairly
+bright stars quite a distance apart. (<a href="#Winter">23</a>) A line connecting
+these stars marks the top edge of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo;
+box stall, which is called &lsquo;the square of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i> is about halfway between the pole
+star and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>. A line drawn from the pole star
+through the back of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia&rsquo;s</i> chair will reach the
+two stars that form the lower corners of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo;
+box stall.&rdquo; (<a href="#Winter">24</a>)</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I see the square now,&rdquo; said Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Me, too,&rdquo; said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s very big, isn&rsquo;t it?&rdquo; said Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; agreed Uncle Henry, &ldquo;and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i> is big,
+too. He is upside down just now, with his head just
+above the western horizon. His nose points northward
+toward <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i> and his neck curves up
+from the side of the box stall that&rsquo;s away from the
+pole star. His fore feet curve up from the side of the
+square that is toward the pole star, and both feet
+point toward the swan.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I see him now,&rdquo; cried Peter, and began putting
+in the chalk dots and lines for the framework of the
+box stall and the skeleton of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; head and forelegs,
+which are all of him that can be seen. As Uncle
+Henry said, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i> is just in the act of jumping out
+of his stall.</p>
+
+<p>When Peter had finished drawing <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>, the
+horse of poets looked like this. Uncle Henry put in
+the arrows pointing from the pole star, and the
+skeletons of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Delphinus</i> and the swan.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-067.png" width="568" height="446" alt="The arrows" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It seems to me,&rdquo; observed Paul sagely, &ldquo;that
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; box stall is a lot too small for him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s why he is all the time jumping out and
+running away,&rdquo; explained Uncle Henry. &ldquo;I told
+you that we should catch him in the act. He&rsquo;s
+always at it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Pete&rsquo;s had his turn; now I want to find the ram
+and the little dog,&rdquo; said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;If you&rsquo;ll wait just a little longer,&rdquo; said Uncle
+Henry, &ldquo;I&rsquo;d like to show Betty the last of the sky
+ladies, because she&rsquo;s right close to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Paul&rsquo;s face fell a little, but he said, &ldquo;Ladies first,
+of course,&rdquo; as any gentleman would.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I said she was a lady,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but
+I&rsquo;m not so sure that she is acting like one. In fact,
+she is in an attitude that few ladies would like to be
+seen in, at least not in the plain view of everybody
+who looks at the sky.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What&rsquo;s she doing, Uncle Henry?&rdquo; inquired
+Betty, in a tone that said, &ldquo;I guess it can&rsquo;t be anything
+so <em>very</em> bad.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Betty was herself fond of climbing trees, in
+spite of motherly disapproval of such tomboy
+activities.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;She&rsquo;s lying flat on her back, with her arms and
+legs sprawled out and her head resting against the
+corner of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; box stall. I should think it might
+be very uncomfortable for her, unless she is lying
+on a pile of hay, for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i> has been there a
+very long time in the same position. The ancient
+Greeks said that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i> was chained to a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span>
+rock. Let&rsquo;s not have her that way; it would be so
+disagreeable.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;She&rsquo;s probably asleep and doesn&rsquo;t notice, but
+we&rsquo;ll give her the hay,&rdquo; said Betty. &ldquo;There&rsquo;s
+nobody to tell her not to lie down where she likes.
+How do we find her, Uncle Henry?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;First look for her head,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;It
+is the same star we found forming the lower corner
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; square on the side toward the pole star.
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i> feet are just below the W-shaped
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cassiopeia</i>. A line drawn from the swan&rsquo;s beak
+through his tail, and extended across the sky, will
+reach the stars in the feet. (<a href="#Autumn">25</a>) Another line drawn
+diagonally across the square of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i> to <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i>
+head and extended will pass along her body,
+and farther on, her left foot will be seen just above
+the line. You see her now, don&rsquo;t you, Betty?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said Betty, &ldquo;and I think I see her
+arms.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right, draw her in,&rdquo; Uncle Henry encouraged.</p>
+
+<p>Betty did, but didn&rsquo;t think she could draw well
+enough to outline the sleeping girl, so Uncle Henry
+did that. Then <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i> looked like this:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-070.png" width="447" height="655" alt="Andromeda" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Betty added a few lines to show that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i>
+was lying on a pile of hay, instead of being chained
+to that hard rock the Greeks insisted upon.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;What is that fuzzy little star just to her right,
+about at her hip?&rdquo; asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I&rsquo;m glad you noticed that,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.
+&ldquo;The astronomers who lived ever so long ago, long
+before the birth of Christ Jesus, noticed that it looked
+&lsquo;fuzzy,&rsquo; just as you have, and called it &lsquo;the little
+cloud.&rsquo; It is now called &lsquo;The Great Nebula in
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i>.&rsquo; If you looked at it through a telescope
+you would see that it is not one star, but a great
+many. Some of them, as astronomers who live now
+tell us, are as large as our sun.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Ooh, how wonderful!&rdquo; said Betty softly, and the
+boys&rsquo; faces showed that they thought so, too.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Some night,&rdquo; promised Uncle Henry, &ldquo;we&rsquo;ll
+bring up a little telescope and look at &lsquo;the little
+cloud&rsquo; again. It is a fine sight.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Paul after a moment, &ldquo;please can
+I find the ram and the little dog?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Certainly,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;Just as <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis
+Major</i>, the bigger dog, follows <cite>Orion</cite> and belongs to
+him, so <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis Minor</i>, the littler dog, follows and belongs
+to the star children, the twins named <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Ooh!&rdquo; exclaimed Betty, &ldquo;just like &lsquo;Rags&rsquo; belongs
+to Peter and Paul! We&rsquo;ll call the little dog
+&lsquo;Rags&rsquo; when Paul finds him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Fine!&rdquo; laughed Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but I warn you
+that he won&rsquo;t come when you call him as well as the
+real live &lsquo;Rags&rsquo; answers to his name.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Where do I start?&rdquo; inquired Paul, anxious to
+have his chance to draw.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;At the feet of the twins,&rdquo; directed Uncle Henry.
+&ldquo;Draw a line through their feet and extend it away
+from the feet of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pollux</i>, in the direction away from
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>, the bull. (<a href="#Winter">26</a>) At a point about as far away
+from the foot of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pollux</i> as the height of the twins you
+will find a bright star, and between it and the foot of
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pollux</i> a fainter one. Draw a line to connect them,
+and you have the little dog&rsquo;s backbone. You can
+fill in the rest of him any way you like, for those are
+the only two stars he has in him. I&rsquo;ll tell you one
+thing, though. The brighter star is at the little
+dog&rsquo;s tail instead of his head. The opposite was the
+case with <cite>Orion&rsquo;s</cite> dog.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children found the two stars very easily and
+Paul put down dots of the right size to represent them.
+Then he drew the outline of the little sky dog, making
+him an Airedale, as you can see, so that he might be the
+same as his beloved flesh and blood name-sake &ldquo;Rags.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-072.png" width="447" height="180" alt="The dog" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now that we&rsquo;ve found the two dogs, that makes
+it easy to find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cancer</i> the Crab,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span>
+&ldquo;Just draw a line from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sirius</i>, in the Big Dog,
+through the Little Dog, and extend it almost as far
+again. (<a href="#Winter">27</a>) That&rsquo;s right. Now what do you see?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children searched the sky for some time, and
+Betty finally said, &ldquo;Sort of a sprawly bunch of six
+or eight rather faint stars.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Make little chalk-dots for them, then, Betty, and
+we&rsquo;ll try our best to make them look like a crab.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This shows how <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cancer</i> the crab looked when he
+was finished on the blackboard, and how he crawls
+in the sky away from <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Canis Major</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i>, the
+twin boys. Perhaps he has learned by experience to
+leave boys and dogs as far behind as possible.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-073.png" width="443" height="398" alt="Cancer" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now let&rsquo;s find the ram!&rdquo; said Paul. &ldquo;I want to
+draw him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The ram,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;is very small, and
+is made of only three stars. A line drawn from the
+top corner of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; box stall, on the side next
+the pole, going straight down the side, and extended
+below it one and a half times the height of the stall,
+will point to the ram. (<a href="#Winter">28</a>) You can also locate
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>, the Ram, by drawing a line from the star
+in the swan&rsquo;s tail, across the stars in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i>
+hips, and beyond them a little more than the distance
+from her head to her hips. Don&rsquo;t mistake a
+little triangle of stars that you will see just below
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i> left leg for the three stars of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>.
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i> is a triangle, also, but it has <em>two</em> fairly bright
+stars, while the triangle has only <em>one</em>. Do you all see
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>, the Ram?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children had all found it after a few moments,
+as well as the triangle under <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i> feet. When
+Paul had made the chalk dots and lines for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>&rsquo;
+skeleton, Uncle Henry drew the outline around them
+and the ram looked like this. You will see that in
+order to show <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i> right side up, the blackboard
+had to be turned so that <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i> was upside down.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;While we are in the neighborhood of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i> and
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i> the Ram we may as well find
+the two fishes. One of them, called the <cite>Northern
+Fish</cite>, lies just about halfway between <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i>
+body and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>&mdash;and the other, called the <cite>Western
+Fish</cite>, lies just back of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; box stall, quite close
+to the water jar of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i>. (<a href="#Winter">29</a>)<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-075.png" width="445" height="438" alt="Find the fishes" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The two fishes are tied together by their tails.
+The cord or ribbon runs eastward from the tail of
+the <cite>Western Fish</cite>, running about parallel to the side
+of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>&rsquo; stall, and then makes a sharp angle,
+coming back toward <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i>, where it is fastened
+to the <cite>Northern Fish&rsquo;s</cite> tail.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>When <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pisces</i>, or &ldquo;The Fishes&rdquo; were found and
+drawn with chalk they were in this relation to
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pegasus</i>, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i>, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i>, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i>&rsquo; Jar.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-076.png" width="654" height="444" alt="Pisces" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;While I think of it,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;I want
+to tell you that sometimes you may find a very
+bright star in a constellation where it doesn&rsquo;t seem
+to belong. If you watch it for a few nights you will
+see that it moves. It isn&rsquo;t a star at all, but a <cite>planet</cite>
+or &ldquo;wanderer.&rdquo; Sometime I&rsquo;ll show you how to
+know all the planets by sight and name. You will
+never see them except in the zodiac constellations, so
+they need not confuse you. And now I think all of
+us had better go downstairs and get warm before we
+go to bed. Besides, we want to leave a little to do
+to-morrow night, and there are only two constellations
+left now.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Only two?&rdquo; cried the children in disappointment.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Only two that we can see well,&rdquo; assured Uncle
+Henry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well,&rdquo; said Peter, &ldquo;I guess we&rsquo;d better have the
+Society adjourn. I move we adjourn.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Second the motion,&rdquo; said Paul, with true parliamentary
+solemnity.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Carried,&rdquo; murmured Betty, who was beginning
+to get sleepy in spite of herself.</p>
+<hr class="l1"/>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>THIRD WINTER EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">THE SKY CLOUDED OVER, BUT PETER FOUND THE
+STAR PEOPLE HIDING IN THE ALMANAC&mdash;PAUL
+FOUND HIS HEAD WAS THE WORLD&mdash;AND THE
+&ldquo;SOCIETY&rdquo; FOUND OUT ABOUT THE SWASTIKA AND
+THE ZODIAC, AND HOW YOU TELL WHEN A DIPPER IS
+A PLOUGH AND WHEN IT&rsquo;S A WAGON</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">Next</span> evening Peter and Paul carried the blackboard
+to the roof after supper, but soon returned in
+disappointment. The sky had all clouded over! The
+evening&rsquo;s session of the &ldquo;Society of Star-Gazers&rdquo;
+was spoiled. Its members stood in a circle about
+Uncle Henry and looked hopefully at him. Never
+yet had he failed to make good in an emergency.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, it can&rsquo;t be helped,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry
+cheerfully. &ldquo;We&rsquo;ll just have to bring Starland down
+here into our playroom for this evening. Suppose
+you get me&mdash;let&rsquo;s see&mdash;about a dozen sheets of paper
+from a big scratch pad, some of Betty&rsquo;s colored
+crayons&mdash;they had better be the dark-colored ones&mdash;and
+a good-sized sheet of stiff cardboard or Bristol
+board. Yes, and some pins and an Almanac. Betty&rsquo;ll
+get the colored pencils, Paul the cardboard, and
+Peter the sheets of paper and the pins. I&rsquo;ll borrow
+the Almanac from Katy. She has one in the
+kitchen.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children scattered for the materials and Uncle<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span>
+Henry took the shade off the electric lamp that stood
+on the playroom table.</p>
+
+<p>When everybody was back in the playroom with
+the things needed the Society gathered around
+Uncle Henry and asked,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Where do we go from here, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Out into Starland,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, spreading
+out his arms wide. &ldquo;This room is the universe. This
+lamp with the shade off is the sun. Imagine that the
+pictures on the walls are groups of stars, the constellations,
+the star-people we have been finding in
+the sky right along. Imagine that there are pictures
+on the ceiling, too, and on the floor. Lots of them, all
+over the six sides of this square room.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now Paul, you have a nice round head and have
+just had a hair-cut. Your head can be the earth.
+Just walk around the table once or twice until we
+get used to thinking about your head as the world.
+It seems rather small at first. That&rsquo;s right. Now
+you&rsquo;re going around the sun the way the earth does,
+from right to left, just opposite to the way the clock-hands
+go. You go once around the sun every year.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The earth of course spins on its axis, too, just
+like a top, while it is circling round the sun. It turns
+round completely every twenty-four hours, from
+West to East. Paul, see if you can spin like a top
+while you are going round the lamp. Spin from right
+to left, just opposite to the way the clock-hands go.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Paul did his best to spin and walk at the same
+time, and Uncle Henry showed Peter and Betty that
+the side of Paul&rsquo;s head that was toward the lamp was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span>
+always bright, while the other side was always in
+shadow. As Paul turned on his axis from right to
+left his face became lighted, then the right side of his
+head, then its back, then the left side, and so on,
+round and round.</p>
+
+<p>Part of the time Paul was facing a picture on one
+wall and the next minute his back was toward that
+picture and he was looking at another picture on the
+opposite wall, across the lamp.</p>
+
+<p>These two drawings show how Paul faced the two
+pictures one after the other.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Night and Day">
+<tr><td><div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-080a.png" width="254" height="181" alt="Night on Paul&rsquo;s Face" title="" />
+</div></td>
+
+<td><div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-080b.png" width="252" height="177" alt="Day on Paul&rsquo;s Face" title="" />
+</div></td></tr>
+</table>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now tell me,&rdquo; commanded Uncle Henry, &ldquo;which
+picture you see the plainest&mdash;is it the one you see
+when your back is to the lamp&mdash;or is it the one you
+see when you face the lamp, and look across it toward
+the picture on the wall beyond?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;The lamp is so bright without a shade that it
+blinds me when I try to see the picture beyond it,&rdquo;
+said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I see! I see!&rdquo; said Betty, beginning to hop
+up and down. &ldquo;Can I tell, Uncle Henry?&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Surely,&rdquo; laughed Uncle Henry, &ldquo;what do you
+see?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;When Paul faces the picture with his back to the
+lamp,&rdquo; said Betty, &ldquo;it&rsquo;s night on his face, and day
+on the back of his head! Is that right?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, go on,&rdquo; encouraged Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;And so he can see that picture better, &rsquo;cause the
+lamplight isn&rsquo;t in his eyes. But when he faces the
+lamp and looks across it, then it&rsquo;s day in his face,
+and night on the back of his head, and he can&rsquo;t see
+the picture beyond the lamp very well, &rsquo;cause the
+sun-lamp shines in his eyes.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So that&rsquo;s why we can only see the stars at night!&rdquo;
+said Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, that&rsquo;s why the moon and the stars come out
+only when it gets dark,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;You
+see the earth turns round and carries us to its dark
+side, the side that is away from the sun. We say
+&lsquo;The sun has set.&rsquo; Then when the sun glare is
+gone from our eyes we can see the sky-pictures, just
+as Paul sees one picture better with his back to the
+lamp than he does the other when he has to look
+through the lamp-light toward it.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;And the stars are in the sky all day long, whether
+we see them or not?&rdquo; asked Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Certainly,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;If you could
+look up at the sky from the bottom of a very deep
+well, or a tall chimney, so that the sun-light was
+kept out of your eyes, you could see the stars shining
+in the daytime. There is a long deep tunnel in the
+great pyramid of Egypt that goes up and out from<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span>
+the centre of its base toward its north side at just the
+right angle so that the ancient Egyptians could
+always see the pole star through it&mdash;no matter
+whether it was night or daytime. You see the
+pole star never rises or sets, because it is always
+right over the end of the axis that the earth
+spins on.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This picture shows how the tunnel in the great
+pyramid always pointed to the north star because
+the tunnel is always parallel to the axis the earth
+spins on.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-082.png" width="379" height="246" alt="The tunnel is always parallel" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>When the pyramid was built, the star in the tip
+of the little bear&rsquo;s tail was not the pole star, as it is
+now. At that time the star that was nearest the pole
+was one of those in the dragon. Since the pole of the
+earth goes round in a complete circle among the
+stars every 25,000 years, the star in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Draco</i> will some
+time be the pole-star again&mdash;in, say 20,000 more
+years!<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Peter had picked up the Almanac that Uncle
+Henry had borrowed from Katy and suddenly
+cried,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, Uncle Henry, the Almanac has a lot of the
+Star People in it. It calls them &lsquo;The Signs of the
+Zodiac.&rsquo; What&rsquo;s the Zodiac, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We are going to find out right away, Pete,&rdquo; said
+Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but first we must draw pictures of the
+twelve star folks that are the Zodiac signs. That
+means three drawings apiece. Pull up your chairs to
+the table and we&rsquo;ll draw on the sheets of scratch
+paper with Betty&rsquo;s colored pencils. Paul, you do the
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virgo</i>, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Leo</i>, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cancer</i> the Crab; Peter will draw
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i> the Twins, <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i> the Bull, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aries</i> the
+Ram; Betty will do the Fishes, called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pisces</i> in Latin,
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i> the Water Carrier, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capricornus</i> the
+Goat; while I will draw <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagittarius</i> the Archer,
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Scorpio</i>, and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Libra</i> the Balance. All old friends of
+ours.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll put the Almanac here in the middle of the
+table where we can all see it while we copy the
+&lsquo;signs,&rsquo; one on each sheet of paper.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Everybody was very busy indeed for about half
+an hour. At the end of that time the twelve rough
+drawings were done and pinned up at equal distances
+apart around the walls of the playroom, three on
+each of the four walls. They were arranged around
+the room in the same order in which Uncle Henry
+had assigned them. The room then looked like this,
+though of course you see only three walls in a picture.
+You must imagine how the fourth wall looked.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span></p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-084.png" width="438" height="231" alt="Then the room looked like this" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now Paul, suppose you walk around the table
+again, spinning on your own axis as you go, and we&rsquo;ll
+try to find out what the Zodiac is. You notice that
+the pictures are all pinned on the walls at the same
+height from the floor, which is just the height of the
+electric lamp bulb, and just the height of Paul&rsquo;s
+head too, no matter where he is in his walk around
+the lamp. The twelve constellations, or signs of the
+Zodiac are in the real sky also on the same level with
+the earth and the sun, no matter where the earth is
+in its journey round the sun. Astronomers say it this
+way: they say that the earth revolves around the sun
+&lsquo;in the plane of the ecliptic.&rsquo; That simply means that
+if the sun was in the centre of an enormous horizontal
+pane of glass, the earth and all the signs of the
+Zodiac would also always be touching the pane of
+glass, which would then represent the &lsquo;plane of the
+ecliptic.&rsquo; Put an l in &lsquo;pane&rsquo; and you have &lsquo;plane.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Is each sign for a month?&rdquo; asked Peter. &ldquo;I see
+there are twelve of them.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s correct,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;and you
+want to notice that as Paul walks round the lamp
+and looks across it at the signs on the wall beyond
+it, the lamp seems to Paul to move from one picture
+to the next.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This picture is drawn as if the ceiling of the room
+was taken off and you could look down on Paul
+walking around the lamp.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-085.png" width="439" height="353" alt="As if the ceiling of the room was taken off" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>When it is January first, Paul, representing the
+earth, is in the position marked A, nearest to the
+picture of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Gemini</i> behind him, while the lamp,
+representing the sun, appears to him to be entering
+the sign of the Zodiac called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Sagittarius</i>, directly
+opposite across the room. Later, on April first,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span>
+after three months, Paul, or the earth, has traveled
+a quarter of the way around the sun, has passed
+the pictures of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Cancer</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Leo</i> on the wall behind
+him, and stands nearest <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Virgo</i> in the position
+marked B. The lamp has also seemed to
+move through a quarter circle, has passed through
+the signs of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capricornus</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aquarius</i>, and appears
+to Paul to be just entering the sign of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pisces</i>, or the
+Fishes. In the same way the earth moves through a
+sign of the Zodiac every month and the sun, while
+really motionless, <em>appears</em> to also travel through a
+sign every month. Of course we cannot see the sign
+or constellation, where the sun appears to be, at the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span>
+same time we see the sun, for his brightness makes
+the stars invisible, but if we <em>could</em> see the constellations
+by day, the sun would appear to travel from
+one sign of the Zodiac to the next every month.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-086.png" width="374" height="375" alt="The Zodiac" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>Here is a clock of the year which shows the earth
+at one end of the hand, the sun in the middle, and
+at the other end of the hand an arrow, which points
+to the sign of the Zodiac where the sun appears to be,
+and to the date when it seems to be there to an
+observer on the earth. Draw the hand with the
+earth-end in several different positions and you will
+see that the sun, if viewed from the earth, would
+appear to be in the sign of the Zodiac exactly opposite.</p>
+
+<p>When the children all understood the way the
+Zodiac divides the yearly path of the earth into
+twelve equal parts, Betty said, &ldquo;I want to know why
+the geography globe at school always looks just as
+if it was going to tip over.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry laughed. &ldquo;If you think the geography
+globe looks unsteady because its axis of iron rod
+is on a slant, what will you think about the earth
+when I tell you that it spins around in just the same
+slanting position, with only an <em>imaginary</em> line for
+axis?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Does it really?&rdquo; asked Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;and it spins so steadily
+in that slanting position that the north end of its
+imaginary axis always points toward the same place,
+a point very close to the north star, or <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Polaris</i> as it
+is called.&rdquo;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;<i>Polaris</i> is named for the North Pole, I suppose,&rdquo;
+said Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s right,&rdquo; Uncle Henry replied. &ldquo;Let&rsquo;s get
+some scissors and we&rsquo;ll use our big sheet of cardboard
+to make a cap for Paul&rsquo;s head that will show
+you just how the slant of the earth&rsquo;s axis makes it
+hotter in summer and colder in winter.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Ooh!&rdquo; exclaimed Paul, &ldquo;I always thought it was
+hot in summer because the earth got nearer to the
+sun then.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Lots of people think that, too,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry,
+&ldquo;but it isn&rsquo;t so. The earth is really farther from the
+sun in summer.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Betty ran for the scissors, and Uncle Henry cut
+out a big circle from the stiff cardboard. Then he
+cut out an opening in the centre of it that fitted
+Paul&rsquo;s head just as a stiff straw hat would that was
+a size too big for him. The circle of cardboard
+dropped down until it rested on Paul&rsquo;s ears and on
+the bridge of his nose. This cardboard brim represented
+the &ldquo;plane of the earth&rsquo;s equator,&rdquo; just as the
+pane of glass represented the &ldquo;plane of the ecliptic.&rdquo;
+Since the &ldquo;plane of the equator&rdquo; is always
+at right angles to the slanting axis of the earth, the
+&ldquo;plane of the equator&rdquo; is always at a slant to the
+&ldquo;plane of the ecliptic.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>If you will run a long hat-pin through an orange,
+and sink the orange exactly to its middle in a glass
+bowl filled with water, holding the hat-pin at a slant,
+you will see that the equator of the orange is at a
+slant with the surface of the water. Half of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span>
+orange&rsquo;s equator curves up above the water, while
+half of it curves down under the water&rsquo;s surface.
+If you fasten a cardboard ring around the orange
+at the equator the cardboard will then be at an
+angle with the surface of the water, which represents
+the &ldquo;plane of the ecliptic.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry cut two long strips from what was
+left of the cardboard and crossed the strips over the
+top of Paul&rsquo;s head, fastening the four ends of them
+to the round cardboard brim close to his head.</p>
+
+<div class="figright">
+<img src="images/illo-089.png" width="258" height="257" alt="Paul looked very funny" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>After this Uncle Henry rolled a sheet of the scratch
+paper round a pencil, put rubber bands tightly
+around it, cut the end to bend up and make a foot
+and pinned the foot to the cardboard strips at the
+place where they crossed. When Paul had it all on he
+looked very funny
+with the pencil sticking
+straight up from
+the top of his head,
+and his eyes just
+peeping over the
+cardboard brim on
+each side of the
+strip down the middle
+of his nose.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now come on,
+Mr. Earth,&rdquo; said
+Uncle Henry, &ldquo;It&rsquo;s time for you to spin round the
+lamp-sun for another year or two.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>So Paul held his head on a slant and kept it so that
+the pencil always pointed in the same direction as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span>
+he went round the lamp. These four little pictures
+show how he looked at the four sides of the sun where
+the earth is in Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-090.png" width="441" height="266" alt="Paul held his head on a slant" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Now,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;you see that if we
+make a black dot on one of the cardboard strips
+about halfway between the cardboard brim, or the
+earth&rsquo;s equator, and the pencil, or the North Pole, it
+will be about as far north as we are in the United
+States. And when Paul is in his Summer position,
+with the pencil slanting <em>toward</em> the &lsquo;sun,&rsquo; you see
+that the sun&rsquo;s rays beat down much straighter on the
+black dot than they do when he is on the other side
+of the lamp, with the pole slanting <em>away</em> from the
+&lsquo;sun.&rsquo; That is why the Winter sun appears to be
+lower in the sky at noon than the Summer sun, and
+also why the Summer sun shines hotter on the earth
+than it does in Winter. Notice, too, that the rays
+from the lamp light up Paul&rsquo;s head for quite a little<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span>
+way beyond the foot of the &lsquo;pole&rsquo; when it slants
+<em>toward</em> the &lsquo;sun,&rsquo; while when it slants <em>away</em> from the
+&lsquo;sun&rsquo; the rays fail to reach the &lsquo;pole&rsquo; at all. This
+means that in summer the sun shines a longer time
+upon the part of the earth that slants toward it. If
+you could look down from the ceiling at Paul&rsquo;s head
+in his Summer position and in his Winter one you
+would see why.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry quickly drew these two pictures of
+the top of a globe to show the children why the days
+are long in Summer and short in Winter at any point
+in the United States.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-091.png" width="445" height="189" alt="Two pictures of the top of a globe" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<div class="centered sw">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Winter and Summer">
+<tr><td class="col10">The Winter Day</td>
+<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="col10">The Summer Day</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col11">
+lasts while the black dot on the
+earth travels from A to B&mdash;less
+than half-way round.</td>
+<td>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</td>
+<td class="col11">
+lasts while the black dot on the
+earth travels from C to D&mdash;more
+than half-way round.</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It&rsquo;s just like the hot water bottle mother kept in
+my bed that time I had a chill after swimming,&rdquo;
+said Paul. &ldquo;The hotter it was before she put it in
+the bed the slower it cooled off.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s the idea,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;the longer
+the sun shines on any place on the earth the hotter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span>
+it gets, and when the nights are as short as they are
+in Summer the place hasn&rsquo;t long to cool off before
+it is round in the sun&rsquo;s hot rays again. Now do you
+see why Summer is hotter than Winter?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children did.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;There&rsquo;s one thing I don&rsquo;t understand, though,&rdquo;
+said Peter. &ldquo;Why are there different stars in the
+sky in Winter than there are in Summer?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;That&rsquo;s easy to answer,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.
+&ldquo;Look at Paul again&mdash;first when it&rsquo;s &lsquo;night&rsquo; on his
+face on the &lsquo;Summer&rsquo; side of the lamp, and then
+when it is &lsquo;night&rsquo; on his face on the &lsquo;Winter&rsquo; side of
+the lamp.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;At &lsquo;night&rsquo; in Summer Paul looks at the pictures
+on one end of the room. The cardboard brim, or
+&lsquo;plane of the equator,&rsquo; is slanted <em>up</em>, above the
+&lsquo;plane of the ecliptic.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This picture shows how Paul looked.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-092.png" width="435" height="294" alt="How Paul looked" title="" />
+</div><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;But in Winter, at &lsquo;night,&rsquo; Paul looks at quite
+different pictures, at the other end of the room. The
+cardboard brim is slanted <em>down</em>, below the level of
+the &lsquo;plane of the ecliptic.&rsquo; This is why the path of
+the Winter Signs crosses the sky higher up than
+the path of the Summer Signs. In both Winter and
+Summer you must imagine the cardboard brim to
+be as transparent as glass, for the &lsquo;plane of the
+equator&rsquo; is in reality only imaginary.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>This next picture shows how Paul looked at the
+constellations at &ldquo;night&rdquo; in Winter.</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-094.png" width="660" height="443" alt="How Paul looked at &ldquo;night&rdquo; in Winter" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Of course the north star and the stars for a
+considerable distance round the pole never set, and
+can be seen all night at any time of the year. It is
+only the ones that rise and set that go and come from
+our sight with the seasons. In reality they never
+leave us, for if it wasn&rsquo;t for the sunlight getting in
+our eyes by day, we could see the Summer night
+star-pictures in the Winter daytime, and the Winter
+night star people in the Summer daytime. We are
+just looking at opposite ends of our big room in the
+universe on Winter nights and Summer nights, that&rsquo;s
+all,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry took some folded papers from his
+pocket and spread them out on the table.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Here are four maps of the sky,&rdquo; he said, &ldquo;which
+show the way it looks at different seasons at 9 o&rsquo;clock
+in the evening&mdash;on January 1st, April 1st, July 1st,
+and October 1st. You will see that the groups of
+stars around the pole are always in view, while the
+rest of the star people change with the seasons, but<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span>
+even the groups around the pole change their positions
+with the seasons.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;You have all seen the <cite>Swastika</cite>. It has been
+known and used as an ornament for hundreds of years,
+all over the world&mdash;by the American Indians, the
+Chinese, the East Indians, and many others. I&rsquo;ll show
+you where I think all these widely separated people got
+the <cite>Swastika</cite>, and how it stands for the four seasons.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry drew four little pictures showing
+the four positions in which the big dipper stands in
+the four different seasons, with its &ldquo;pointer stars&rdquo;
+always indicating the pole star.</p>
+
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Round the pole star">
+<tr><td class="col12"><div class="figcenter2">
+<img src="images/illo-095a.png" width="196" height="164" alt="At the right of the pole
+star in Winter." title="" />
+<br /><span class="caption">At the right of the pole
+star in Winter.</span>
+</div></td>
+
+<td class="col12"><div class="figcenter2">
+<img src="images/illo-095b.png" width="194" height="165" alt="Above the pole star in
+Spring." title="" />
+<br /><span class="caption">Above the pole star in
+Spring.</span>
+</div></td></tr>
+
+<tr><td class="col12"><div class="figcenter2">
+<img src="images/illo-095c.png" width="194" height="165" alt="At the left of the pole
+star in Summer." title="" />
+<br /><span class="caption">At the left of the pole
+star in Summer.</span>
+</div></td>
+
+<td class="col12"><div class="figcenter2">
+<img src="images/illo-095d.png" width="202" height="169" alt="Below the pole star in
+Autumn." title="" />
+<br /><span class="caption">Below the pole star in
+Autumn.</span>
+</div></td></tr>
+</table>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>Then he drew all four positions on one sheet of
+paper, like this:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-096a.png" width="219" height="165" alt="Round the pole star" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>And when heavy lines were drawn along the
+handles of the dippers and across the pole star from
+bowl to bowl the <cite>Swastika</cite> suddenly appeared like
+this:</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-096b.png" width="216" height="165" alt="The Swastika" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>The Society of Star-Gazers was very enthusiastic
+about the origin of the <cite>Swastika</cite>, and found the
+dipper in its different positions on all of the four maps
+that Uncle Henry had put on the table.</p>
+
+<p>You can see the position of the dipper and all the
+other stars at January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and
+December 1st, at 9 o&rsquo;clock in the evening, by looking
+at the four maps inside the covers of this book.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>After the children had looked at all the four
+maps as long as they wanted to, Uncle Henry
+suddenly remembered to look at his watch and
+exclaimed,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;My goodness! I guess it&rsquo;s about time the
+Society adjourned for to-night. Ten o&rsquo;clock! I&rsquo;ll
+get scolded for keeping you up so late.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;I want to ask just one thing more,&rdquo; pleaded
+Betty.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;All right, what is it?&rdquo; said Uncle Henry.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Who found all the sky people?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;now that&rsquo;s a long
+story. They were all found and named so long ago
+that nobody knows who did it. The inventors of the
+star people naturally thought they saw pictures in
+the sky of the things they were familar with in
+everyday life&mdash;the bear, the bull, the serpent, the
+archer, and so on. If they had had any steam
+engines then somebody would have drawn lines from
+star to star until they had a picture of one in the sky.
+In England the Great Bear or Dipper is usually
+called the &lsquo;Plough&rsquo; and you can see why</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-097.png" width="218" height="166" alt="The Plough" title="" />
+</div>
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span></p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;It is also called &lsquo;Charles&rsquo; Wain&rsquo; or wagon.</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-098.png" width="218" height="168" alt="Charles&rsquo;s Wain" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We only know that the constellations are very,
+very old, and that an ancient people living in the
+valley of the Euphrates river probably named most
+of them. The Babylonian Tablets, the oldest records
+known, show that the Zodiac constellations were
+known over 3000 years before the birth of Christ,
+which is now nearly 5000 years ago.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Can&rsquo;t we have just one more poem before we go
+to bed?&rdquo; said Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;but not one of mine.
+I&rsquo;ll give you a little bit of a long poem that was
+written by a man named <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Aratos</i> about 280 years
+before the wise men followed the star that told them
+where to find the new-born Christ. It has been
+running through my mind all the evening. This is it:</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;And all the signs through which Night whirls her car,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">From belted <cite>Orion</cite> back to <cite>Orion</cite> and his dauntless Hound,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">And all <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Poseidon&rsquo;s</i>, all high <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Zeus&rsquo;s</i> stars,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Bear on their beams true messages to man.&rdquo;<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<h2>FOURTH WINTER EVENING</h2>
+
+<p class="sh">IN WHICH THE &ldquo;SOCIETY&rdquo; MEETS THE LAST OF THE
+STAR PEOPLE AND THE BEGINNING OF ASTRONOMY&mdash;AND
+BETTY PROPOSES A &ldquo;NOTE&rdquo; OF THANKS</p>
+
+<p><span class="smcap">The</span> Society of Star-Gazers assembled upon the
+roof the next night with an eagerness that was
+tempered a little by regret that it <em>was</em> the last.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry saw this, and before starting to find
+the evening&rsquo;s constellations with the children, told
+them a few of the many wonderful things to be
+seen among the stars with the aid of a small telescope.</p>
+
+<p>He reminded them of the &ldquo;little cloud&rdquo; in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i>,
+called the Great Nebula, and said that there
+were not only many more of these wonderful clouds
+of star dust, but numbers of beautiful double stars,
+some of them lovely with tints of red, green or
+orange, and some that can be seen with an ordinary
+opera-glass.</p>
+
+<p>Then he told them of the curious variable, or
+&ldquo;winking&rdquo; stars, which turn bright and faint
+alternately on a regular schedule, so many hours
+bright, and so many hours faint. Also he described
+the beauty of the planet <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Jupiter</i>, surrounded by its
+four little moons, all of which could be seen with a
+small telescope.</p>
+
+<p>Then the children began to feel more cheerful,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</a></span>
+for they saw that being introduced to the creatures
+and people of Skyland was only the beginning of the
+study of astronomy.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;So,&rdquo; finished Uncle Henry, &ldquo;we don&rsquo;t need to
+feel that there is no more fun coming, for there are
+lots more faint constellations which are all beautiful,
+even though not plain enough for us to find easily
+in the beginning. Besides, if you ever journey to the
+South, beyond the earth&rsquo;s equator, you will find a
+whole new sky full of marvelous people, and creatures,
+and objects&mdash;all pictured in the flashing
+southern heavens.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well,&rdquo; said Peter briskly, &ldquo;what do we find
+to-night, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;We&rsquo;ll begin,&rdquo; replied Uncle Henry, &ldquo;with a
+person you may have heard of&mdash;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>, who killed
+the terrible Gorgon <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Medusa</i>.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Oh, I know him,&rdquo; cried Paul, &ldquo;we read all
+&rsquo;bout him last year.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Quite right,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;then you
+remember that when he had killed <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Medusa</i>, and cut
+off her head with his sword, he had to hold the head
+with the terrible face away from him, because everybody
+who looked at that face was instantly turned
+to stone.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, yes, we know!&rdquo; chorused the Society.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Well, now we&rsquo;ll find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>, his sword, and the
+head of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Medusa</i>,&rdquo; promised Uncle Henry. &ldquo;All you
+have to do is to extend the line of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i> left
+leg and prolong it from her foot, straight out for
+about her whole length. (<a href="#Winter">30</a>) There you will find<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</a></span>
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algenib</i>, the brightest star in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>. It is right in his
+neck, between his shoulders. From <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algenib</i> you can
+trace a row of stars downward, almost to the <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Pleiades</i>
+in the bull&rsquo;s shoulder. This row of stars is <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>&rsquo;
+body and legs. Then find two stars above <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algenib</i>,
+one over the other, and you have his head and
+helmet.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;After that it is easy to start at <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algenib</i> and trace
+out his right arm, with the sword. A line drawn
+toward <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i> through the stars in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda&rsquo;s</i>
+head and left hip points out the star <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algol</i>, which
+is the head of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Medusa</i>, held in <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>&rsquo; left hand. (<a href="#Winter">31</a>)
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algol</i> is a famous variable star, which the ancients
+named &lsquo;the dragon of the slowly winking eye.&rsquo;&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children soon found all of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>, and all
+took part in drawing his skeleton on the blackboard.
+Then they watched <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algol</i> in the sky, and expected
+to see it wink, until Uncle Henry told them that the
+wink is so slow that it takes seven hours for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algol</i> to
+become faint and bright again, and that then two
+and three-quarter days pass before <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algol</i> winks again.
+This being the case the Society decided not to wait,
+and finished <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i> up so that he looked this way:</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-102.png" width="619" height="443" alt="Perseus" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry added the lines with arrows to show
+how <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algenib</i> and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Algol</i> are found, with the help of
+<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Andromeda</i>.</p>
+
+<p>After <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i> was finished, Betty kept gazing
+at the sky. She seemed fascinated, and finally
+asked,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Uncle Henry, there&rsquo;s a perfectly lovely star just
+a little way in front of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Perseus</i>, and three little ones<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</a></span>
+near it. If I could name stars I would call them &lsquo;the
+hen and chickens,&rsquo; wouldn&rsquo;t you?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>All the children looked, and easily found the
+beautiful star. They couldn&rsquo;t have missed it, and
+neither can you, for it is one of the most brilliant
+in the sky and there are no others like it nearby.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, &ldquo;the big star and the
+three little ones do look like a hen and her chickens.
+I would call them that, too, Betty, but hundreds of
+years ago somebody named the bright star <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capella</i>,
+which means &lsquo;the goat,&rsquo; and called the three little
+stars &lsquo;the kids,&rsquo; so you see that they are named
+already.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;A kid is the baby of a goat, isn&rsquo;t it, Uncle Hen?&rdquo;
+inquired Peter.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Yes, that&rsquo;s the idea,&rdquo; said Uncle Henry, and
+went on, &ldquo;Betty happens to have picked out the
+brightest star in the last constellation we are going
+to find. It is called <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i>, or the Charioteer. He
+hasn&rsquo;t his chariot with him.&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;How do we find <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga?&rdquo;</i> inquired Paul.</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;He is very plain, almost as plain as <cite>Orion</cite> himself,&rdquo;
+said Uncle Henry. &ldquo;<i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capella</i> is at one corner
+of a five-sided figure, called a &lsquo;pentagon.&rsquo; (<a href="#Winter">32</a>) It is
+also in the left shoulder of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i>. Find the tip of
+the left horn of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Taurus</i>, the Bull, and you will have
+another corner of the pentagon, and at the same
+time the right foot of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i>. When you have
+those points it is easy to find the other three corners,
+which are the right shoulder, left foot, and the right
+hand of <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i>. He holds his whip in that hand.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</a></span>
+Even though he had to leave his chariot when he
+went into the sky, he insisted on taking his whip
+along. It comes in very handy, too, sometimes,
+when the two lions up there become fretful and
+uneasy. When you have found <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga&rsquo;s</i> shoulder
+stars, just draw two lines upward to a star above and
+between them and you finish the charioteer&rsquo;s skeleton.
+The star at the point where the lines cross is
+in his head. See him, everybody?&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>The children had no trouble in putting in the
+stars and drawing the skeleton. Neither will you,
+for <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i> is very conspicuous, and almost straight
+overhead in the evening about Christmas time.</p>
+
+<p>This is the way <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i> looked on the blackboard:</p>
+
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</a></span></p>
+<div class="figcenter">
+<img src="images/illo-105.png" width="643" height="450" alt="Auriga" title="" />
+</div>
+
+<p>When the children had finished looking at <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Auriga</i>,
+and <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Capella</i> the Goat and her three babies, Betty
+drew herself up very straight and said, trying to
+look very dignified,</p>
+
+<p>&ldquo;Mr. Chairman, I move that The Society of Star-Gazers
+give Uncle Henry a note of thanks for giving
+us such an instructive, and&mdash;and&mdash;oh, we&rsquo;ve liked
+your Christmas present an awful lot, Uncle Henry!&rdquo;</p>
+
+<p>Peter was going to say that it was a <em>vote</em> of thanks
+that people got from societies, but Betty was so
+earnest and dignified that he didn&rsquo;t really want to
+take her down just then, so he joined Paul in seconding
+the motion and was appointed by Betty as a
+committee of one to write the &ldquo;note&rdquo; and deliver
+it to Uncle Henry later.</p>
+
+<p>Uncle Henry looked quite serious, for him, and
+said that he had made up a little poem that they<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</a></span>
+might like to hear while standing under the Christmas
+stars.</p>
+
+<p>The Society voted unanimously in the affirmative,
+so Uncle Henry recited,</p>
+
+<div class="centered"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0a">&ldquo;There was once a star of old,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Wonders to three wise men told.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Where it led, there followed they&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Stars had taught them how to pray,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">How to know the Truth from lies&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">God had taught them through His skies.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Where the star led, followed they,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Found the Christ-child, laid in hay&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">To His mother, in the stable,<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Brought Him gifts that they were able.<br /></span>
+</div><div class="stanza">
+<span class="i0">Stars lead us to Christmas Truth&mdash;<br /></span>
+<span class="i0">Let us look, with eyes of youth!&rdquo;<br /></span>
+</div></div></div>
+
+<p>Then, in a moment more, Uncle Henry and the
+children were gone, and the sleepless, faithful stars
+were alone, brooding lovingly over their tiny baby
+brother, which we call the great world.</p>
+<hr class="l1" />
+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</a></span></p>
+
+
+<p class="f9">The author desires to express his indebtedness to the following
+books, which have given him many hours of enlightening
+pleasure while riding the star-gazing hobby:</p>
+
+<div class="center">
+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="List of books">
+<tr><td class="col7">A Field Book of the Stars</td><td class="col7">Olcott</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">Star Lore of all Ages</td><td class="col7">Olcott</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">The Heavens and Their Story</td><td class="col7">Mrs. Maunder</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">Astronomy</td><td class="col7">Jacoby</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">Astronomy from a Dipper</td><td class="col7">Clarke</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">New Astronomy</td><td class="col7">Todd</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="col7">Astronomy</td><td class="col7">Lockyer</td></tr>
+</table></div>
+
+<p class="f9">He also wishes to add his appreciation of the monthly pleasure
+given by &ldquo;The Evening Sky Map,&rdquo; published by Leon Barritt.</p>
+
+
+<p class="pr">Printed in the United States of America</p>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a name="Autumn" id="Autumn"></a>
+<a href="images/end3-autumn-h.jpg"><img src="images/end3-autumn.jpg" width="479" height="669" alt="Endpaper Autumn" title="Click for larger and rotated image" /></a>
+</div>
+
+<div class="figcenter"><a name="Winter" id="Winter"></a>
+<a href="images/end4-winter-h.jpg"><img src="images/end4-winter.jpg" width="480" height="669" alt="Endpaper Winter" title="Click for larger and rotated image" /></a>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnote">
+<p class="center"><b>Transcriber&rsquo;s note:</b></p>
+
+<p>The original text has been preserved, but for the following exceptions:
+a few missing or extraneous quotation marks have been corrected, and
+on page 78 &ldquo;be&rdquo; was changed to &ldquo;he&rdquo; (had he failed to make good).</p>
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
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+</body>
+</html>
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@@ -0,0 +1,3055 @@
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: The Star People
+
+Author: Gaylord Johnson
+
+Release Date: November 4, 2011 [EBook #37916]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE STAR PEOPLE ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Juliet Sutherland, eagkw and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
+
+
+
+
+
+
+  THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+
+
+
+  [Illustration]
+
+  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+
+  NEW YORK A. BOSTON A. CHICAGO A. DALLAS
+  ATLANTA A. SAN FRANCISCO
+
+  MACMILLAN & CO., LIMITED
+
+  LONDON A. BOMBAY A. CALCUTTA
+  MELBOURNE
+
+  THE MACMILLAN CO. OF CANADA, LTD.
+
+  Toronto
+
+
+
+
+  THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+  BY
+
+  GAYLORD JOHNSON
+
+  WITH DRAWINGS ON SAND AND BLACKBOARD
+  BY "UNCLE HENRY AND THE SOCIETY
+  OF STAR-GAZERS"
+
+  "Why did not somebody teach me the constellations, and
+  make me at home in the starry heavens, which are always
+  overhead and which I don't half know to this day?"
+                                      --_Thomas Carlyle._
+
+  New York
+  THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+  1921
+
+  _All rights reserved_
+
+
+
+
+  COPYRIGHT, 1921
+  BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
+
+  Set up and electrotyped. Published June, 1921.
+
+
+
+
+  TO
+  BABY ANNE
+
+
+
+
+WHAT HAPPENED IN STARLAND
+
+                                                                 PAGE
+  FIRST EVENING--
+      In which the Society of Star Gazers is formed and
+        discovers Two Bears, one with a stretched tail              1
+
+  SECOND EVENING--
+      The Herdsman's Dogs chase Ursa Major and the terrible
+        Dragon wriggles away in fright                             12
+
+  THIRD EVENING--
+      Uncle Henry's magic turns the Lyre into a Ukelele, and
+        the Archer's arrow misses the Swan and hits the Scorpion   24
+
+  FOURTH EVENING--
+      The Virgin is too busy feeding her Sky Poultry, so
+        Cassiopeia gets the Ukelele to play                        31
+
+  FIFTH EVENING--
+      In which a Dolphin with an ear for music saves a Poet's
+        life--and Uncle Henry puts two birds in one poem           41
+
+  FIRST WINTER EVENING--
+      The "Society" learns why Orion needs a club to keep
+        Frisky Taurus in order, and why we say "By Jimini!" when
+        we're excited                                              52
+
+  SECOND WINTER EVENING--
+      In which the dogs of Orion and Gemini follow their
+        masters, Pegasus escapes as usual, and Andromeda gets a
+        nice soft bed of hay in place of her hard old rock         61
+
+  THIRD WINTER EVENING--
+      The Sky clouded over, but Peter found the Star People
+        hiding in the Almanac--Paul found that his head was the
+        World--and the "Society" found out about the Swastika and
+        the Zodiac, and how you tell when a Dipper is a Plough
+        and when it's a Wagon                                      78
+
+  FOURTH WINTER EVENING--
+      In which the "Society" meets the last of the Star People
+        and the beginning of Astronomy--and Betty proposes a
+        "Note" of thanks                                           99
+
+
+
+
+_TO HELP YOU FIND THE STAR PEOPLE IN THE SKY_
+
+_Whenever Uncle Henry draws a line to point out one of the star people
+you will find a figure, close to what he says, like this: (10)._
+
+_Find the same figure on one of the maps inside the front or back cover,
+and you will see the line that Uncle Henry drew--and find the star
+person or animal easily in the sky._
+
+_Numbers 1 to 17 can be located on the front cover maps. Numbers 18 to
+32 can be found on the maps inside the back cover._
+
+
+_To Use the Maps_
+
+_Face South and hold the map for the proper season over your head--with
+the top of the book toward the West and the bottom toward the East. You
+will then see the Star People in the same places they appear in the
+sky._
+
+_The maps are drawn for 9 o'clock on April 1st, July 1st, October 1st,
+and January 1st, but they will be found serviceable in the preceding and
+following month. When necessary consult the maps for the season coming
+before or after._
+
+
+WHERE TO FIND THE "PEOPLE" YOU WANT
+
+                                  _Where to  _Where to   _When You Can
+  _Names of     _How to           Look in    Look on     See Them in
+  Star People_  Pronounce_        the Book_  the Maps_   the Sky_
+
+  Andromeda    (an-dromES-e-dA�)     Page 70   Number 25   Sept. to Feb.
+  Aquarius     (a-kwAe�ES-ri-us)        "  50     "    19   Aug.  "  Dec.
+  Aquila       (akES-wi-lA�)           "  48     "    17   June  "  Nov.
+  Aries        (aES-ri-Ae"z)            "  75     "    28   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Auriga       (Ac-riES-ga)            " 105     "    32   Oct.  "  June
+  BoA�tes       (bA�-A�ES-tez)           "  16     "     2   April "  Oct.
+  Cancer       (kanES-ser)            "  73     "    27   Jan.  "  June
+  Canes        (kAe�ES-nez
+    Venatici     ve-natES-i-cAe")       "  17     "     2   Feb.  "  Sept.
+  Canis Major  (kAe�ES-nis mAe�ES-jor)     "  62     "    22   Jan.  "  April
+  Canis Minor  (kAe�ES-nis mAe"ES-nor)     "  72     "    26   Dec.  "  May
+  Capricornus  (kap-ri-kA'rES-nus)     "  49     "    18   Aug.  "  Nov.
+  Cassiopeia   (kas-i-A�-pAe"ES-ya)      "  35     "    12   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Cerberus     (seerES-ber-us)        "  38     "    14   April "  Nov.
+  Corona       (kA�-rA�ES-nA�
+    Borealis     bA�-rAe"-aES-lis)       "  33     "    11   April "  Oct.
+  Cygnus       (sigES-nus)            "  21     "     4   June  "  Jan.
+  Delphinus    (del-fiES-nus)         "  44     "    16   June  "  Dec.
+  Draco        (drAe�ES-ko)             "  23     "     5   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Gemini       (jemES-i-ni)           "  59     "    21   Dec.  "  June
+  Hercules     (herES-kA"-lAe"z)         "  38     "    14   April "  Nov.
+  Leo          (leES-o)               "  20     "     3   Feb.  "  July
+  Leo Minor    (leES-o mAe"-nor)        "  20     "     3   Jan.  "  July
+  Lepus        (lAe"ES-pus)             "  64     "         Dec.  "  March
+  Libra        (lAe"ES-bra)             "  36     "    13   May   "  Aug.
+  Lyra         (lAe"ES-ra)              "  25     "     6   April "  Dec.
+  Ophiuchus    (of-i-A"ES-kus)         "  42     "    15   May   "  Oct.
+  Orion        (A�-rAe"ES-on)            "  56     "    20   Nov.  "  April
+  Pegasus      (pegES-a-sus)          "  67     "    23   Aug.  "  Jan.
+  Perseus      (perES-sA"s)            " 102     "    30   Sept. "  May
+  Pisces       (pisES-Ae"z)             "  76     "    29   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Sagitta      (sa-jitES-a)           "  26     "    16   June  "  Dec.
+  Sagittarius  (saj-i-tAe�ES-ri-us)     "  27     "     7   July  "  Sept.
+  Scorpio      (skA cubedrES-pi-A�)          "  29     "     9   June  "  Sept.
+  Serpens      (serES-pens)           "  42     "    15   May   "  Oct.
+  Taurus       (tAcES-rus)             "  58     "    20   Nov.  "  April
+  Triangulum   (trAe"-anES-gA"-lum)      "  75     "    31   Sept. "  Feb.
+  Ursa Major   (erES-sa mAe�ES-jor)      "   7     "     1   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Ursa Minor   (erES-sa mAe"ES-nor)      "  10     "     1   Jan.  "  Dec.
+  Virgo        (verES-gA�)             "  33     "    10   April "  Aug.
+
+
+STAR PEOPLE ON MAPS BUT NOT TALKED ABOUT BY "THE SOCIETY"
+
+  (a) Hydra (hAe"ES-dra)    (d) Cepheus (sAe"fES-A"s)
+  (b) Crater (krAe�ES-ter)  (e) Cetus (sAe"ES-tus)
+  (c) Corvus (kA'rES-vus)  (f) Eridanus (Ae"-ridES-a-nus)
+
+
+
+
+THE STAR PEOPLE
+
+FIRST EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE SOCIETY OF STAR-GAZERS IS FORMED AND DISCOVERS TWO
+    BEARS--ONE WITH A STRETCHED TAIL
+
+
+Uncle Henry sat on the porch of "Seven Oaks" Cottage, watching the new
+moon sink into the woods across Sand Lake.
+
+The ripples of the motor-boat that had carried "Sister" and "The
+Children's Father" away from the dock had gone from the glassy water.
+Over across the lake, at Pentecost station, they would catch the ten
+o'clock train, to be gone a week.
+
+Uncle Henry had urged "Sister" to go. He had said he was perfectly sure
+of being able to look after Peter and Paul and Betty for just seven
+days, but now that "Sister" was really gone Uncle Henry felt the size of
+the task he had undertaken.
+
+Of course he wasn't alone. There was big, wholesome Katy, the maid.
+"Competent Katy," he had at once named her to himself on his arrival two
+weeks before. The sleeping, eating, and dressing of twin ten-year-old
+boys and a seven-year-old girl would go on as usual without Uncle
+Henry's assistance.
+
+In the daytime he planned to take them fishing, berry-picking, sailing,
+and bathing. Target-practice with Peter and Paul's air-rifle would
+help, too, and there would be walks in the woods, and up to Brighton's
+farm house for the milk every evening.
+
+But between supper and bed was a gap that Uncle Henry thought might be
+hard to fill. He must think of some games. He didn't want to be a poor
+companion for his adored niece and nephews for even an hour of the time.
+
+Uncle Henry blew a cloud from his pipe and watched it eddy slowly away,
+filtering through the leaves of the oak-branches at the side of the
+porch. Then he looked up to the vaporous band of the milky way. Stars
+hung in it, sparkling. It was like a chiffon streamer with tiny diamond
+spangles--or a cloud of smoke, blown, with sparks, from the pipe of Pan.
+
+You will see right away that Uncle Henry was a poet, even if Pan's pipe
+wasn't the smoking kind. It might have been, as easy as not. Uncle Henry
+was wondering whether this last fancy might be made into a poem for his
+college paper, when the children's voices floated up from the beach.
+They were sitting on the smooth sand and singing in unison,
+
+    "Star bright, star-light--
+    Many's the star I see tonight.
+    Star bright, star-light--
+    Tell me, is it true?
+
+    I wish I may, I wish I might
+    Get the wish I wish tonight--
+    Star bright, star-light,
+    Tell me, is it true?"
+
+Uncle Henry took his feet off the porch-railing and allowed his chair
+to use all of its feet again. Then he leaned out by a post and looked
+straight up into the blue-black vault of a moonless July night sky. The
+stars were beautifully clear.
+
+Evidently Peter, Paul, and Betty were singing praise to the fact. They
+had clapped enthusiastically for themselves, and were now beginning the
+encore--a repetition of "Star bright, star-light."
+
+Uncle Henry's face had become thoughtful, and now he stepped down from
+the porch, and strolled down the boards to the dock. There he stood
+craning his neck backward and looking up, until the children had once
+more finished the verse, laughing and clapping. Evidently the applause
+for themselves was not enough this time, for there was no encore.
+
+Peter, his eye on Uncle Henry, flopped down on his back and began gazing
+upward, too. In a moment he called,
+
+"Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Yes, Pete," from the dock, where Uncle Henry was star-gazing in the
+opposite direction.
+
+"Why do they call 'the big dipper' the 'great bear'--and _is_ there any
+'little dipper'? Betty says there isn't, 'cause she never saw it."
+
+Uncle Henry stepped off the dock upon the smooth sand, kneeled down, and
+without answering began collecting little smooth pebbles.
+
+Peter sat up and asked in surprise,
+
+"Don't _you_ know, Uncle Hen?"
+
+Surely this genius, who could make new kinds of kites, and
+willow-whistles that "worked fine," was not going to fail now. The
+other children turned to him, expectant too. Betty herself was willing
+to be proved wrong about the existence of the "little dipper," rather
+than admit a limit to Uncle Henry's wisdom.
+
+"Let's make a nice, smooth place on the sand," said Uncle Henry, his
+hands now full of those mysterious pebbles. These he put into his pocket
+and began, on all fours, to smooth sand industriously.
+
+"Come on, youngsters," he invited, "and I'll let you settle the
+questions yourselves. We'll make a game of it," he added.
+
+The trio breathed easier. Uncle Henry _did_ know, and was going to
+tell--in a new, interesting way. Three pairs of hands started smoothing
+sand, with some waste of energy, but with rapid results.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, squatting down before the leveled place, and
+pouring out the pebbles in a little pile, "how many stones do you need
+to make the dipper, Pete? We'll draw it on the sand, with pebbles for
+stars."
+
+Three necks craned upward in unison, and the two boys' voices answered,
+almost together,
+
+"Seven."
+
+Betty gazed a moment longer, and said,
+
+"Eight."
+
+Uncle Henry looked interested.
+
+"Where do you see the eighth, Betty?" he asked.
+
+"Right close where the handle bends," announced Betty.
+
+"Correct," said Uncle Henry, "that shows you have good eyes. The Arabs
+used to call that little star 'the proof,' because it is a test of good
+eyesight to see it. The star at the bend of the handle is also called
+'the horse,' and that faint little star over it 'the rider.' You can
+make the dipper itself with seven pebbles, though. Go ahead and do it,
+Peter," Uncle Henry finished, "and take good-sized stones, to show that
+they're bright stars."
+
+When Peter had finished, the smooth patch of sand looked like this in
+the light from Uncle Henry's pocket electric torch.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty insisted upon adding a tiny stone above "the horse," to represent
+her discovery, "the rider."
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, looking upward, "I'll help you this much in
+finding all of 'the great bear.' The handle of the dipper is his tail.
+Everybody try to find the rest of him. Put down a pebble in the right
+spot for every star; big ones for bright ones, and little stones for
+faint ones."
+
+"Ooh," interrupted Betty, "I got his nose!"
+
+Here is where Betty put it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"--and his shoulders!" she added in a moment, putting them in with small
+pebbles.
+
+"I got his front leg!" announced Paul excitedly, adding three pebbles
+rapidly.
+
+Then the bear looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+It was Peter who contributed his hind legs and his "skeleton," made of
+finger-drawn lines in the sand. Like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And when Uncle Henry had drawn an outline in the sand with his finger,
+the "great bear" was done to everybody's satisfaction.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+While they were all looking at it, Uncle Henry recited,
+
+    "_Ursa Major_'s Latin--
+    And it means, 'the greater bear.'
+    _Ursa_'s 'bear,' and _Major_'s 'bigger,'
+    If you want to see his 'figger,'
+    At the dipper's handle stare--
+    That's the tail of _Ursa Major_.
+    Find his shoulders, nose, and toes--
+    Who first named him, no one knows."
+
+"Did you say, 'Noah'--or 'no one,' Uncle Henry?" asked Betty.
+
+"I said, 'no one,' but have it 'Noah' if you like," said Uncle Henry.
+"Maybe Noah named him. He was interested in animals, and Adam ought not
+to have the only right to name them."
+
+"Now let's find the little dipper!" urged Peter, anxious for a victory
+over Betty's doubts of its existence.
+
+"When we find it," announced Uncle Henry solemnly, "it won't be a dipper
+at all; it will be another bear--a little bear. You know that Noah had
+two of everything in his ark."
+
+"I told you there wasn't any little dipper!" shrilled Betty at Peter.
+
+"Uncle Henry said we'd find it, though," countered Peter, looking
+hopefully at the oracle.
+
+"So we will," laughed Uncle Henry, "the little dipper and the little
+bear are the same thing!"
+
+"Come on!" urged Paul, "how do we start, Uncle Henry?"
+
+Uncle Henry got up on his knees and drew a long straight line in the
+sand with his forefinger. (1) It went up through both stars in the
+middle of the great bear's body, and a long way beyond. Over three times
+the distance between the two stars the line went beyond them. Uncle
+Henry put down a fair-sized pebble at the end.
+
+"There," he said, "is the tip of the little bear's tail. Go ahead and
+find him; but I warn you--it's a very long tail, and you'll have to
+imagine his legs and nose."
+
+There was a moment's silence. Then Peter said,
+
+"I can't see any bear, but I _can_ make out a dipper."
+
+"Make it," said Uncle Henry.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When Peter finished putting down little pebbles the little dipper was
+very plain, just above the great bear's back.
+
+Then Uncle Henry solemnly drew an outline around the seven small
+pebbles.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Oooh, what a funny bear!" laughed Betty, when Uncle Henry's finger had
+finished. "His tail is so _long_!"
+
+"Bears always have _short_ tails," said Peter, looking reproachfully at
+Uncle Henry, as if that person was responsible. There was, however, a
+note of expectancy in Peter's voice. He expected a satisfactory
+explanation from Uncle Henry.
+
+"This bear _once_ had as short a tail as any other bear," said Uncle
+Henry, quite undisturbed.
+
+"Who stretched it?" inquired Paul breathlessly.
+
+"You will note," began Uncle Henry, "that the tip of the little bear's
+tail is a star that is right at the top of the North Pole. You can't
+_see_ the pole, but it's there--and long ago somebody tied the tip of
+the little bear's tail fast to it. As the earth turned around year after
+year, and the pole turned with it, the little bear was swung round and
+round by his tail. That would make anybody's tail stretch, wouldn't it?"
+
+There was a moment's quiet. Then Peter said roguishly,
+
+"You can't kid us into believing that, Uncle Hen--but we'll sure
+remember it."
+
+All Uncle Henry said was,
+
+"Your mother doesn't like you to talk slang, Peter."
+
+Uncle Henry had scored again, and knew it.
+
+"To-morrow night we'll find the dragon, and the man who drives the great
+bear around the pole, and his dogs, and maybe the lions and the swan,"
+promised Uncle Henry, as he looked at his watch and stood up.
+
+"Oooh, great!" cried the trio together.
+
+"We'll have a reg'lar Noah's Ark on that sand, won't we?" said Betty.
+
+"We'll call it 'Noah's Ark in the Sky,'" Uncle Henry agreed, as the
+children followed him up the walk to Seven Oaks Cottage.
+
+
+
+
+SECOND EVENING
+
+  THE HERDSMAN'S DOGS CHASE URSA MAJOR--AND THE TERRIBLE DRAGON
+    WRIGGLES AWAY IN FRIGHT
+
+
+The next evening Peter, Paul, and Betty were all down on the beach as
+soon as supper was over.
+
+Peter and Paul had that morning made a fence of laths around the sand
+drawings of the two bears--big, and little, so that "Rags," their
+Airedale puppy, could not spoil them.
+
+Now that "Rags" was asleep under the cottage, Peter and Paul removed
+the fence and smoothed the sand carefully for several yards around the
+bears, while Betty collected a quite unnecessarily large number of
+pebbles to represent the stars that would be found, with Uncle Henry's
+help, when the twilight faded.
+
+When all this was done the trio sat down beside the smoothed space and
+called to Uncle Henry, on the porch, that one star was already out and
+he had better hurry.
+
+"I'll come when you can see _Ursa Major's_ tail," called back Uncle
+Henry, and the children had to wait, although they shrilly announced
+each new star that glowed into sight in the darkening sky, and
+repeatedly urged Uncle Henry to "come on and begin!"
+
+The seven stars of the big dipper were all plainly visible when Uncle
+Henry came down the board walk and sat cross-legged on the sand.
+
+The first thing he did was to extend the line joining the last two
+pebbles in the great bear's tail until it was about five times as long
+as before, and curved slightly downward as it went. (2)
+
+"Now, Betty," he said, "give me a pebble--a good big one. This is a
+bright star we'll begin with; see if you can find it," and Uncle Henry
+put down the pebble at the end of the line, like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The three exclaimed, "I see it!" almost together.
+
+"All right, then, we'll find '_BoA�tes_,' the herdsman who drives _Ursa
+Major_ round the pole," said Uncle Henry. "He has two dogs to help him
+besides. We'll find them too."
+
+The children gazed upward for some time, intently silent.
+
+"I guess," observed Betty finally, "that you'll have to tell us whether
+that big star is the bear-driver's head--or one of his 'booties,' Uncle
+Henry."
+
+A duet of groans from Peter and Paul followed this example of the lowest
+form of wit.
+
+"I can't see anything that looks like a man the least bit," she went on,
+oblivious of the groans, "but I can see a kite, with that big star at
+the place where the tail would be fastened on."
+
+"Fine," said Uncle Henry, "Make the kite then, Betty--and then we'll
+find the herdsman after we've flown the kite a while. That's the
+wonderful thing about Starland. If you get tired of one of the beasts
+or people in it--presto! You can change him into anything he looks
+like to you. _BoA�tes_ is really much more like a kite than a man, so
+let's make the kite. Put the pebbles down, Betty."
+
+Betty did, and they looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"That was easy!" exclaimed Peter.
+
+"Never you mind, Mr. Peter!" Betty burst out warmly, "I found it first,
+anyhow!"
+
+"We'll let Peter find the bear-driver's head," said Uncle Henry
+judicially.
+
+Peter promptly picked the big star at the tail-end of the kite.
+
+"You're wrong," said Uncle Henry, "but I don't blame you. _Arcturus_ is
+much too bright and beautiful to be only a big, bright button on the
+lower edge of _BoA�tes'_ shepherd's kilt--but that is all it is. The star
+at the top end of the kite is his head, and the two stars at the ends of
+the cross-stick of the kite are his shoulders. About halfway from them
+to _Arcturus_ you can find the belt of his kilt, and----"
+
+"Oh, I see his legs!" interrupted Paul. "He's running after the big
+bear."
+
+"Put them in, Paul," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Paul did, and the figure of _BoA�tes_ grew to look like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"But he hasn't any arms!" said Peter.
+
+"Yes, he has," explained Uncle Henry, "his left one is up in the air,
+and his right one holds a shepherd's crook upon his right shoulder. Like
+this."
+
+Uncle Henry added pebbles and lines until _BoA�tes_ was finished.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"What awful short legs he has!" criticised Betty.
+
+"That must be why he's never caught the great bear," smiled Uncle Henry.
+
+"What's he shaking his fist for?" inquired Paul, pointing to the
+herdsman's left hand. "Is he so mad because he can't catch _Ursa
+Major_?"
+
+Uncle Henry did not reply, but drew two long lines from the uplifted
+hand downward to a point just below the end of the big bear's tail.
+
+"Oh, I know!" piped Betty, and throwing herself on her back, she began
+to star-gaze industriously.
+
+Peter and Paul looked at each other inquiringly.
+
+"The dogs!" said Peter. "Betty's looking for them. They're on leash of
+course. Those lines are the leashes."
+
+Uncle Henry smiled his pleasure.
+
+"The hunting dogs--or, as you would say it in Latin, _Canes Venatici_,
+are largely imaginary. There are six stars--three in each dog, and all
+faint except one, named _Cor Caroli_."
+
+"I see the bright one!" said Peter, and put down a fair-sized pebble to
+represent it. When the children had found the five other faint stars and
+Uncle Henry had finished drawing the dogs, _BoA�tes_ and his hunting
+hounds, _Asterion_ and _Chara_, looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Why do they call the bright star at the tail of _Chara_, _Cor Caroli_,
+Uncle Henry?" asked Paul.
+
+"It is Latin for 'heart of Charles,'" said Uncle Henry, "and the Charles
+they mean is Charles the Second of England, but don't ask me why, for
+I don't know. Perhaps the dog _Chara_ ran away with _Cor Caroli_. I
+understand that Charles the Second lost his heart pretty often, and
+perhaps one time he didn't get it back. Beware, Paul! I am Father
+William out of Alice in Wonderland; 'you have asked me three questions
+and that is enough.'"
+
+"Are you going to make a poem for us to-night, too?" inquired Betty
+hopefully.
+
+"Let me see," said Uncle Henry thoughtfully. "Great bear, _BoA�tes_,
+pronounced BA�-A�-tees, and two dogs--they ought to make some kind
+of a poem. How's this? I'll let you name it after you've heard it."
+
+    "The big bear runs, the herdsman runs,
+    His dogs, they both are chasing.
+
+    While Ursa growls, BoA�tes howls,
+    His dogs, they both are barking.
+
+    For Ursa stole BoA�tes' bowl
+    Of hot milk, set acooling.
+
+    His mouth burns yet, the bowl's upset,
+    The milky way is streaming."
+
+"The milky way to catch a bear," suggested Paul, as a name for the
+poem.
+
+"Who spilt the milk?" volunteered Peter.
+
+"The herdsman hasn't ever caught _Ursa Major_," said Betty reflectively,
+"so he's wasting his time chasing him. 'Don't cry over spilt milk' would
+be a good title, I think. He ought to be tending his silly sheep, if he
+has any."
+
+"I've got it!" exclaimed Peter, "'Ursa was a big bear; Ursa was a
+thief.' Like 'Taffy the Welshman,' you know."
+
+Since no one else had a better title, the "Society of Star-Gazers," as
+Paul had named it, let it go at that, and allowed BoA�tes to persist in
+his pursuit of the great bear for his ancient mischief.
+
+"I thought you were going to show us the lions to-night, Uncle Hen,"
+said Peter.
+
+"So I am, Peter," said Uncle Henry. "Tell me what you see just below and
+between _Ursa Major's_ hind feet."
+
+All the children looked, and Peter answered,
+
+"Three faint stars, like a triangle."
+
+"Put them in with pebbles," said Uncle Henry, and Peter did.
+
+"That's one lion; the little one. Now we'll find the big one and draw
+them both."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Then Uncle Henry drew a long line through the two stars at the root of
+the great bear's tail, and extended it to the three little pebbles in a
+triangle under the bear's feet, and through the triangle, and beyond as
+far again. At the end of this line he put a large pebble. (3)
+
+"There," said Uncle Henry, "is the star _Regulus_, which is in the big
+lion's heart. See if you can find the rest of him."
+
+Betty soon picked out the lion's head, and Paul added his hind quarters,
+and when Uncle Henry had drawn outlines around both big and little lions
+they looked like this.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now show us the Swan," urged Peter.
+
+"Yes, and the Dragon!" reminded Paul.
+
+"You children haven't forgotten a single one I promised," laughed Uncle
+Henry. "Well, here goes; everybody find the dipper again."
+
+Everybody did.
+
+"Now draw a line straight up through the middle of the dipper's bowl and
+keep on with it a little over three times the length of the dipper's
+handle. (4) Put a large pebble there and see if you can find the star.
+It's in the swan's tail, and he looks as if he was flying overhead, with
+his wings spread, and his long neck stretched out ahead of him."
+
+"Is he sort of like a cross?" inquired Betty after a moment.
+
+"Right," said Uncle Henry. "Put him in with pebbles."
+
+This shows how to find and draw the swan the way the children and Uncle
+Henry did.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now the dragon, Uncle Hen!" urged Peter.
+
+"Are you sure," said Uncle Henry, "that you promise not to have any bad
+dreams about the dragon if I show him to you before you go to bed?"
+
+"Sure!" chorused the Society of Star-Gazers.
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "the dragon is very terrible, but he is afraid
+of bears, so he is squirming away as fast as he can from them. He is
+wriggling a little faster too, because _Ursa Major_ is on one side of
+him and _Ursa Minor_ on the other. Draw a line through the stars in the
+tips of the swan's wings, back toward the head of the bear-driver, and
+you'll find the dragon's head about halfway. (5) It's a little triangle
+of stars, and from that the dragon's body winds around the little bear's
+body and down above the big bear's back."
+
+"I see all of him!" exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Here are the pebbles," said Uncle Henry, "put the dragon, or _Draco_,
+where he belongs."
+
+Paul did, and Uncle Henry finished him.
+
+"To-morrow night," said Uncle Henry, "we'll find some more of the star
+people and sky animals. They even have musical instruments in this
+Skyland of ours, so we'll find the lyre that the sky ladies play on! One
+of the sky gentlemen is a great archer, too, so we'll find him shooting
+his bow and arrow at a giant scorpion, and----"
+
+"Oh, let's find _that_ now!" pleaded Peter and Paul in unison.
+
+Betty did not join in the chorus. She was asleep, with her head in Uncle
+Henry's lap.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"To-morrow night," smiled Uncle Henry. "Betty will want to hear, too,
+about the sky lady's mandolin, or harp, or lyre, or whatever it is."
+
+Then he picked up the little girl without waking her, and the boys
+followed him up the walk into "Seven Oaks"--and bed.
+
+
+
+
+THIRD EVENING
+
+  UNCLE HENRY'S MAGIC TURNS THE LYRE INTO A UKELELE--AND THE
+    ARCHER'S ARROW MISSES THE LOVELY SWAN AND HITS THE HORRID
+    SCORPION
+
+
+Betty had been informed by her brothers that Uncle Henry had promised,
+after she fell asleep, to show the lyre that the star ladies play when
+they have nothing else to do.
+
+Since she had a new ukelele herself, and was learning to play it, her
+interest in all stringed instruments was keen, and as soon as the
+Society of Star-Gazers had come together on the beach the next evening,
+she demanded that the lyre be found.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "find the swan's wing, on the side of
+him toward the dragon. Get that? Well then, look for a very bright star
+between that wing and the swan's neck, and about the length of the
+swan's neck away from the tip of the wing. You can't miss it, for it's
+the brightest star anywhere near. Its name is _Vega_, and some one has
+called it 'the arc-light of the sky.'" (6)
+
+"I see it!" cried Betty and the boys together.
+
+"Look for two smaller stars that make a triangle with _Vega_, and then
+for three more that make a long diamond shape. That's right, Peter, put
+down the pebbles and finish the lyre."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It's sort of a harp on a foot!" said Betty in disappointment. "I want
+to make a ukelele of it."
+
+"Sure, easy as breathing," agreed Uncle Henry, and promptly rubbed out
+_Lyra_ from the sand, and made it over.
+
+After all, Betty was the baby and might have her own way whenever Uncle
+Henry had anything to say about it. And let no one say that the ancients
+had all the imagination, after seeing the ukelele that Uncle Henry made
+of _Lyra_.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"We strive to please," he said as it was finished, and Betty clapped her
+hands.
+
+"Now we want to see the archer shoot the giant scorpion!" demanded Paul,
+speaking for the masculine part of the audience.
+
+"Just a minute," said Uncle Henry, "I'm coming to him. You can see one
+of his arrows if you look on the other side of the swan's neck, just
+opposite to Betty's ukelele. The archer shot at the swan and missed it."
+
+"Serves him right for trying to kill the beautiful swan. I love 'em!'"
+said Betty, with feeling.
+
+"You'll need to use very small pebbles," warned Uncle Henry, "for
+_Sagitta_ is rather small and quite faint."
+
+"What's _Sagitta_?" asked Peter.
+
+"Latin for 'arrow,'" said Uncle Henry.
+
+When the arrow was found and drawn, it was in this position.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now the archer!" demanded Paul.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry. "Paul, draw a line straight out from the
+head of the swan, right on in the direction he is flying, and go about
+twice the length of the swan's neck." (7)
+
+Paul did.
+
+"Now tell me," asked Uncle Henry, "does anybody see anything, about
+there, that looks like a bow and arrow?"
+
+The children searched the sky at a point a little over two swan's necks
+ahead of the swan's bill, and Peter cried triumphantly,
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"I see it! I see it!"
+
+"Make it then," said Uncle Henry, "and keep the bow in the right
+position to the swan's neck."
+
+When Peter had all the pebbles in their right positions, Uncle Henry
+drew in the archer's body, and bow and arrow, and they looked like this:
+
+"He's just getting ready to shoot at the scorpion!" exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and the other star people have to look out
+too. The people who lived long ago called _Sagittarius_, our archer,
+"the Bull Killer." They did this because when the stars of the archer
+rise in the east, they seem to drive all the stars of _Taurus_,
+the Bull, over the western edge of the world. So they said that
+_Sagittarius_ killed off the Bull. We'll find _Taurus_ next winter."
+
+"Now let's find the scorpion," urged Peter.
+
+"Wait a minute!" begged Betty, "I see another dipper."
+
+Peter was impatient. Dippers were not interesting, compared with giant
+scorpions.
+
+"Betty," he remarked, "wouldn't believe there _was_ a little dipper a
+few nights ago, and now she's seeing 'em everywhere."
+
+But Betty had her way as usual, and the Society of Star-Gazers paused
+before passing on to the scorpion.
+
+"Where do you see the new dipper, Betty?" Uncle Henry inquired with
+interest.
+
+"It's right back of the leg the archer is kneeling on." (8)
+
+"You're quite right," Uncle Henry agreed, "and it's called 'the milk
+dipper,' because it's right on the edge of the milky way."
+
+"Why that's the bowl _Ursa Major_ tried to get _BoA�tes'_ hot milk out
+of, and burned his mouth, and upset!" explained Betty, with a sudden
+inspiration.
+
+"So it is," agreed Uncle Henry, "although I must confess I never
+thought of the milk dipper when I made up that rhyme for you
+youngsters."
+
+"Now the scorpion!" insisted Peter.
+
+"Oh, have your old scorpion, then, Mr. Peter!" exploded Betty, "I don't
+want to see the horrid thing. I'm going to the cottage and show Katy the
+milk dipper."
+
+And she went.
+
+So it was with Peter and Paul alone that Uncle Henry found the scorpion
+that _Sagittarius_, the archer, is always aiming at. (9) It would have
+been easy for Betty to find, for it really looks a good deal like a
+scorpion. See if you don't think so when you've found it.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+After Uncle Henry had shown the boys how the big, red star, called
+_Antares_, in the heart of the scorpion, has a reddish color, Peter
+suggested that it was probably red because the Archer had already shot
+an arrow through the scorpion's heart, and made it bleed.
+
+After that, since neither the boys nor Uncle Henry ever wanted Betty
+left out of anything, and since they knew she would have stayed if Peter
+and she hadn't wanted different things at the same time, the Society of
+Star-Gazers adjourned until the next evening.
+
+On the porch, however, Uncle Henry made up this poem and repeated it to
+Peter and Paul before they went in to bed.
+
+    "The Scorpion's heart has bled,
+    Antares-star is red,
+    The Archer made an arrow-wound,
+    But Scorpio isn't dead.
+
+    The Archer draws his strong-bow,
+    To shoot a sharp new arrow,
+    I hope he hits the Scorpion,
+    And kills the poisonous fellow."
+
+
+
+
+FOURTH EVENING
+
+  THE VIRGIN IS TOO BUSY FEEDING HER SKY POULTRY, SO CASSIOPEIA
+    GETS THE UKELELE TO PLAY
+
+
+Betty, in spite of her pretended lack of curiosity about the scorpion,
+was down on the beach the next evening ahead of the other members of the
+Society of Star-Gazers. Uncle Henry found her in the twilight, sitting
+cross-legged before the sand-drawing of _Scorpio_.
+
+As she searched the southern sky to find the constellation, she was
+singing Uncle Henry's verses about the archer and _Scorpio_ over and
+over, to a tune of her own improvising.
+
+The boys had made bows and arrows from green saplings during the morning
+and had raced about for some time with "Rags," in search of giant
+scorpions to shoot at. They discovered them in the most unexpected
+objects--trees, rocks, and even boats. The hunt had been accompanied by
+a war chant, with the scorpion verses for words. It was a faint echo of
+this that Betty was crooning to herself now.
+
+As Uncle Henry approached her she looked up at him and said,
+
+"Aren't there any ladies among the star people, Uncle Henry? You told
+about the lyre that they play on, but you haven't shown any of them to
+us."
+
+"Well, Betty," said Uncle Henry, sitting down beside her, "there are
+several ladies in our star country, but only two of them are in our
+sight in the summer time. Let's get the boys and we'll find both the
+ladies and take a vote to decide which of them shall have your
+lyre-ukelele to play on."
+
+Betty called, in her high little voice, for Peter and Paul to hurry, and
+they raced down from the porch with "Rags" in tow.
+
+"Uncle Hen," asked Peter, "'Rags' wants to know if there aren't any more
+dogs in the sky?" "Sure," said Uncle Henry, "sky folks are very fond of
+dogs. We've found the two that belong to the herdsman. Besides them,
+there are two others, but we can't see them 'til next winter. And, of
+course, there's _Cerberus_, the ugly, monstrous three-headed dog that
+Hercules killed. We'll find him to-night."
+
+"Oh, that's great!" said Peter, and he and Paul settled down with "Rags"
+between them. "Rags" looked expectantly at Uncle Henry, who said,
+
+"But first I've promised Betty to find the sky ladies that we can see
+now, and let one of them have the ukelele."
+
+"Rags'" ears dropped and he lost interest. Peter and Paul, however,
+remembering Betty's temper of the previous evening, said,
+
+"Of course, ladies first."
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "everybody find _Arcturus_ in the hem of
+_BoA�tes'_ kilt. Get that? Well, then, draw a line in the sand, Betty,
+from _BoA�tes'_ right shoulder through _Arcturus_, and extend the line
+about as far again. (10) Then look in the sky at that point for a bright
+star."
+
+"I see it!" cried Betty. The boys picked it out next moment.
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "it doesn't look much like an ear of corn,
+does it? That's what it is, though; an ear of corn held in the Virgin's
+left hand. Its name, _Spica_, means just that. The Virgin is scattering
+grains from the ear of corn with her right hand, to attract the birds of
+Starland--the swan, the eagle, and the dove. We'll find the eagle a
+little later on, but the dove is so far south that we never see it well.
+The boys and girls in South America see Noah's dove, but we can't."
+
+"Now," continued Uncle Henry, "follow along northward from _Spica_ to
+a point just below the big lion's tail. There is the Virgin's head.
+Between it and _Spica_ are two fairly bright stars. The one nearest
+_Spica_ is the Virgin's shoulder. Her left arm hangs at her side, from
+the shoulder to _Spica_, while her right arm extends in the direction of
+the great bear's tail. Put down the pebbles as fast as you find the
+stars, Betty."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When Betty and Uncle Henry had finished the Virgin, or _Virgo_, as she
+is called in Latin, she looked like this:
+
+Then Uncle Henry added the little half circle of small pebbles, with one
+larger one near the centre, shown in the picture just at the left of
+BoA�tes. (11)
+
+"What is that, Uncle Henry?" asked all the children at once.
+
+"Do you see it in the sky?" he asked,
+
+The children quickly found it.
+
+"What does it look like, then?"
+
+Peter thought it was a handful of corn-grains from _Virgo's_ hand.
+
+Betty said, "A necklace."
+
+"That's nearest right," said Uncle Henry. "It is called _Corona
+Borealis_, or the Northern Crown. That brightest star is named _Gemma_,
+so you see it might be a gem in a necklace, too. The Virgin looks as if
+she was going to bend over and pick it up. Perhaps she will some day."
+
+"I think," said Paul, "that she's too busy a person to give Betty's
+ukelele to. Who's the other lady?"
+
+"I quite agree with you," said Uncle Henry. "The Virgin seems very
+much occupied. Well, there is another lady in Starland. Her name is
+_Cassiopeia_, and since she has nothing to do but sit in a chair,
+perhaps Betty will let _Cassiopeia_ have the ukelele to play. _Virgo_
+won't be jealous, either, because she is clear across the sky from
+_Cassiopeia_; too far away to see. A long line drawn across the sky from
+_Spica_ through the pole star in the little bear's tail-tip will reach
+_Cassiopeia_. (12)
+
+"She is easy to find, because she looks just like a big letter W. Does
+anybody see it?"
+
+The trio all found the W very quickly. You will, too, for it is very
+conspicuous in the northeastern sky in July and August. Uncle Henry
+showed the children that _Cassiopeia's_ W had to be turned upside down,
+into an M, before she could be made to sit in her chair properly.
+
+Here is how _Cassiopeia_ looked:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"She hasn't a blessed thing to do. We'll give the lyre to her," said
+Betty.
+
+"I am glad to hear that you are going to give the ukelele to
+_Cassiopeia_," said Uncle Henry. "Perhaps it will make her feel
+happier. She has had a rather sad life. Long ago _Cassiopeia_ was
+queen of _A�thiopia_, and was very beautiful. But she was so proud of
+her good looks that she boasted herself prettier than the lovely
+sea-nymphs. This made Neptune, the god of the sea, so angry that he
+sent one of his worst sea-monsters to make trouble along the shore of
+_Cassiopeia's_ country.
+
+"And as if that wasn't bad enough, Neptune demanded _Cassiopeia's_
+daughter _Andromeda_ as a sacrifice.
+
+"So you see it seems good to see _Cassiopeia_ getting a little justice
+done her, if it's only the present of a ukelele."
+
+"Teacher says," piped up Betty, "that the lady's statue on top of the
+Court House is '_Justice_.' What does she have that little pair of
+scales in her hand for, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"The scales are to help her in weighing the good and bad that people
+do," explained Uncle Henry, "and speaking of scales, there's a pair of
+them in the sky, too. If you will look between the _Scorpio_ and the
+Virgin you will find the scales. (13) They are called _Libra_, which is
+Latin for 'balance.' There are four main stars in _Libra_, which make an
+oblong."
+
+This is how _Libra_, the balance, looked when the children and Uncle
+Henry had finished drawing it:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Peter, with an air of having shown great patience, "we want
+to see that three-headed dog. I forgot his name."
+
+"_Cerberus_," said Uncle Henry, "But in order to find him we'll have to
+find _Hercules_, the great strong man, for _Hercules_ has _Cerberus_
+fast by one of his throats and is beating at his three ugly heads with a
+big club. At the same time, _Hercules_ has his left foot on the dragon's
+head, so you see he is kept busy."
+
+"Where do we begin?" asked Paul, impatiently.
+
+"Draw a line," said Uncle Henry, "from _Vega_ in the ukelele to _Gemma_
+in the _Northern Crown_; the Virgin's necklace we found a while ago, you
+know."
+
+Paul did it. (14)
+
+"Now," directed Uncle Henry, "look about half-way between, and you'll
+find _Hercules'_ legs. His left leg is nearly straight, but his right
+has the knee bent a little. _Hercules'_ legs and the sides of his body
+and his belt make sort of an H shape."
+
+"Oh, I see it!" exclaimed Peter. "Shall I make him, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Sure, go ahead, Pete; and the rest of you watch for _Hercules'_ head
+and arms."
+
+When the children had put down pebbles to represent all the stars in
+_Hercules_, and had connected them with lines in the sand, _Hercules_
+looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Oh," broke out Betty, excitedly, "he's got the ugly dog in his left
+hand!"
+
+Then she added the three heads of _Cerberus_, and it was Uncle Henry's
+turn to draw in the outline of _Hercules_, and complete the picture,
+like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"You have probably read," said Uncle Henry, "about the twelve great
+labors _Hercules_ performed. He had to be very strong to do them, but of
+course he was born that way. They say he even rose up out of his cradle
+and strangled two serpents that the goddess _Juno_ sent to destroy him."
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers became very enthusiastic about _Hercules_
+after he was all finished. So will you when you see how big and strong
+and beautiful he is, almost straight over your head in the summer sky
+just after dark. You will enjoy him more if you lie on your back to
+look, as the Society of Star-Gazers did on the beach.
+
+While they were all flat on the sand, looking up into the great
+blue-black, star-sprinkled bowl, Uncle Henry made up this poem, and
+recited it before the Society adjourned for the night:
+
+    "Hercules the strong man--
+      Feel his muscle!
+      Feel his muscle!
+
+    Hercules the strong man--
+      See him tussle!
+      See him tussle!
+
+    Right hand holds a club--
+      I can see;
+      I can see.
+
+    Left hand grips a throat--
+      One of three;
+      One of three.
+
+    Three-head dogs are freaks--
+      Queer to us;
+      Queer to us.
+
+    That's because you never saw--
+      Cerberus;
+      Cerberus.
+
+
+
+
+FIFTH EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH A DOLPHIN WITH AN EAR FOR MUSIC SAVES A POET'S
+    LIFE--AND UNCLE HENRY PUTS TWO BIRDS IN ONE POEM
+
+
+During the next day Peter and Paul had seen a blue-racer in the grass,
+and, with Rags' assistance, had chased it off into the woods behind the
+cottage.
+
+So it was only natural for Peter to ask Uncle Henry whether there were
+any snakes among the star creatures.
+
+Uncle Henry had said, "Two," and promised to show the children a very
+big one, and an old man having a struggle with it besides.
+
+Peter and Paul were expectantly waiting on the sand when Uncle Henry and
+Betty came down from the porch that evening after dark.
+
+"Now," said Peter, "where's the snake, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We'll begin with his head," said Uncle Henry. "Everybody find the
+northern crown, or _Virgo's_ necklace, and _Hercules'_ club. Now look
+just between them and you will see five stars in a sort of little cross,
+quite close together. Get that?" (15)
+
+The children soon found all five and put down little stones to represent
+them on the sand.
+
+"All right, then; now trace a line from star to star, down toward
+_Scorpio_, and then across toward the archer, and then up in the
+direction of the swan. That line is the _Serpent_. It is writhing in the
+hands of _Ophiuchus_, the old man who is called 'The Serpent-bearer.'
+His head and _Hercules'_ head are only a little way apart. Look for a
+bright star just east of the bright one in the head of _Hercules_ and
+you will have the head of _Ophiuchus_. Then look where his shoulders
+would naturally come and you will see two stars close together in each
+shoulder. Find them?"
+
+The children did, and placed pebbles for the head and shoulders of
+_Ophiuchus_.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "draw two long lines down from the shoulders,
+through the Serpent and beyond, and you will have the old man's body,
+legs and feet. One foot is just in front of the archer's bow; the other
+is just above the red heart of _Scorpio_. You will have to imagine his
+arms, and his hands holding the serpent while it squirms."
+
+When all the pebbles were down and all the lines were drawn, _Ophiuchus_
+and the serpent, or _Serpens_ in Latin, looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Are there any more snakes, Uncle Hen?" inquired Paul expectantly.
+
+"Yes, a sea-serpent made of very faint stars," said Uncle Henry, "but he
+is rather hard to trace out and the only other creature I have left now
+that is anything like a snake is a dolphin, or porpoise, and he isn't
+much like one. We'll find him, anyway, and then if you prefer to make a
+sea-horse out of the dolphin, or _Delphinus_, as you would say in Latin,
+why go ahead and do it. The animals in Starland are very obliging. They
+will turn into anything you like to see in them."
+
+"Where is the dolphin, Uncle Henry?" asked Betty.
+
+"Well," said he, "draw a line through the beak of the swan and the
+arrow, or _Sagitta_, and it will strike _Delphinus_. (16) The arrow is
+about halfway between the swan and the dolphin. See it?"
+
+The children soon found the dolphin and mapped his skeleton with
+pebbles. Then Uncle Henry put it to a vote of the Society of Star-Gazers
+whether _Delphinus_ should be finished up as a dolphin or a sea-horse.
+The vote was two to one for the sea-horse.
+
+Uncle Henry drew a sigh of relief; he didn't know quite what a dolphin
+looked like, and he had seen a picture of a sea-horse in the dictionary
+only the day before. So _Delphinus_ turned out to look like this. If you
+insist on having him a dolphin, why draw him differently yourself:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"I wonder," said Betty thoughtfully, "who rides the sea-horses. Do the
+mermaids, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"I don't know about the mermaids," he answered, "but I do know that an
+ancient poet and musician, named _Arion_, was saved from drowning by
+riding to shore on a dolphin. It was like this:
+
+"Arion had gone from his home on the island of Lesbos to Italy, and
+while there had made a great deal of money by his singing."
+
+"Just like Caruso in New York," exclaimed Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and also like Caruso, _Arion_ decided to go
+home for a visit. Well, on the way to Lesbos the sailors decided to
+murder _Arion_ and get all the money he was taking home with him. He had
+gone on a regular pirate ship you see. The pirates were all ready to
+kill _Arion_, but he begged so hard to play just one little melody on
+his lute before he died that the pirate sailors said, 'Yes, he might
+play just one.' You would hardly believe it, but the melody that _Arion_
+played was so catchy and tuneful that it attracted a number of dolphins,
+who began to dance and turn somersaults about the ship. Then _Arion_
+watched his chance--and jumped over-board--and one of the friendly,
+music-loving dolphins carried him back to Lesbos on his back."
+
+"My, but I'm glad he got away from those awful pirates!" cried Betty
+with heartfelt fervor.
+
+"It's too bad the horrid sailors got his money after all," said Peter.
+"If they hadn't he might have got something nice for the dolphin to eat
+when he got to that place where he lived."
+
+"The dolphin fared better than that," Uncle Henry assured the children.
+"It pleased the sea god _Neptune_ so much to have one of his creatures
+save a poet's life that he had that dolphin put in the sky among the
+stars, and we see him there now as the constellation _Delphinus_."
+
+"What's next?" demanded Peter when the story of _Delphinus_ was
+finished.
+
+"The next three," said Uncle Henry, shaking his head sadly, "are the
+last."
+
+"The last?!!" chorused the Society of Star-Gazers incredulously.
+
+"Well, maybe not absolutely the last," admitted Uncle Henry, "but the
+last for this Summer. There is a whole dozen more of the Star People in
+our northern sky, but we can't see them until next Winter."
+
+"Why?" inquired Betty anxiously.
+
+"It's a long story," said Uncle Henry. "Sometime I'll tell you all of
+it, beginning with the fact that the pole of the earth always points to
+the north star, where the little bear's tail is fastened, you remember.
+I promise to show you all the rest of the star animals and people when I
+come home for my Christmas vacation. Will that do, if I show you a
+wonderful eagle to-night--and a sea goat and a water carrier to finish
+up with?"
+
+The children were disappointed, but they trusted Uncle Henry. He
+wouldn't stop showing animals and people until he had to; they all knew
+that.
+
+Peter said,
+
+"We'll have a whole dozen to look forward to next Christmas. Sort of a
+present from Uncle Henry. Come on, Uncle Hen, let's find the eagle and
+the sea goat and water carrier!"
+
+The others agreed with Peter.
+
+"The eagle, or _Aquila_," said Uncle Henry, "is easy to find because of
+a very bright star, called _Altair_, which is right in his neck. You
+will find it near the arrow, or _Sagitta_, between the end of the
+serpent's tail and _Delphinus_. (17) Does anybody see _Altair_?"
+
+"I do," said Betty, "it's right between two other stars that aren't so
+bright."
+
+"Right," said Uncle Henry. "Put down pebbles to represent all three,
+Betty, and we'll find the rest of the eagle, or _Aquila_, as it would be
+in Latin."
+
+When the three pebbles were in place they stood in this relation to
+_Sagitta_ and _Delphinus_:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "draw a line downward through the three stars
+and a little more than twice as far again and what do you see?"
+
+"Another star," said Paul.
+
+"Put it in," said Uncle Henry, "and then draw another line from the
+upper of the first three stars in the direction of the handle of the
+'milk dipper' in _Sagittarius_, the archer. Continue this about four
+times the length of the line that joins the first three stars together
+and you will find two fairly bright stars close together. That's right,
+Paul; put in the star you find about halfway down the line, too. Now
+draw a line from the two fairly bright stars back in the direction of
+the tail of the sea-horse, or _Delphinus_, until it almost meets the
+first line you drew. There you will find another fairly bright star. Now
+it is easy to finish the eagle's skeleton."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the eagle's skeleton was finished Peter thought it looked more like
+a big arrowhead than an eagle, but when Uncle Henry had drawn the
+outline of _Aquila_, the Society of Star-Gazers admitted the resemblance
+to the bird.
+
+"Now where's that sea goat?" inquired Peter.
+
+"Follow the line of the first three stars we found in _Aquila_ downward,
+and just a little way beyond where it ends in the tip of the eagle's
+wing you will see two rather faint stars, close together. (18) They are
+at one corner of a 'cocked hat' such as you make out of newspaper when
+you play soldier--sort of a Napoleon's hat. It is upside down. When you
+find it and put down pebbles for stars I'll show you how the good
+imaginations the ancient people had turned the cocked hat into a sea
+goat."
+
+This shows how _Capricornus_ the sea goat looked when the children and
+Uncle Henry had finished him. I leave it to you to decide whether or not
+he looks more like a cocked hat.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"When we have found _Capricornus_ the sea goat," said Uncle Henry, "it
+is easy to find _Aquarius_ or the water carrier. Just prolong the line
+that connects the goat's right foot with his tail until it runs close to
+a little triangle of three stars with another in the centre. (19) It
+looks a little like the head of the Serpent we found squirming in
+_Ophiuchus'_ hands, but it is the water-jar _Aquarius_ is carrying."
+
+"Oh, I see it," cried Paul.
+
+The other stars in _Aquarius_ were soon found and represented
+by pebbles. Then Uncle Henry drew the outline that finished the
+Water-Carrier, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now we're all through?" inquired Betty.
+
+"Until next Christmas," smiled back Uncle Henry.
+
+"Can't we have just one more poem?" teased Paul.
+
+"What shall it be about?" asked Uncle Henry, with the air of a man who
+could write a poem to order on any subject.
+
+"One about the lovely swan," commanded Betty, "you haven't made one up
+about the swan."
+
+Uncle Henry was in a quandary; he wanted to please everybody with the
+last poem. He lay down on his back and looked up at the sky for so long
+that the children thought he must have fallen asleep. Finally Uncle
+Henry began to recite,
+
+    "The eagle of Starland
+    Got tired of his tree,
+    And challenged the swan to a race.
+
+    'Come up from the water!
+    Fly up and be free!
+    To northward I'll beat you a chase.'
+
+    The swan thought of shivers
+    And icebergs and frost--
+    He made up his mind to race South.
+
+    So they are still flying--
+    Their race can't be lost--
+    Till Gabriel blows with his mouth."
+
+"What'll Gabriel blow?" inquired Peter when the hand-clapping had
+stopped.
+
+"His trumpet, of course, silly!" answered Betty for Uncle Henry.
+
+Just then the children heard a toot from an automobile horn that they
+all recognized, and the Society of Star-Gazers raced with Uncle Henry
+back up to "Seven Oaks Cottage."
+
+"Sister" and "the Children's Father" had come back from their trip and
+had surprised everybody.
+
+The summer sessions of the Society were over.
+
+
+
+
+FIRST WINTER EVENING
+
+  THE "SOCIETY" LEARNS WHY ORION NEEDS A CLUB TO KEEP FRISKY
+    TAURUS IN ORDER--AND WHY WE SAY "BY JIMINI!" WHEN WE GET
+    EXCITED
+
+
+Uncle Henry came, as he had promised, to spend his Christmas holidays
+with "Sister," "the Children's Father," Peter, Paul and Betty, in their
+city apartment.
+
+The children's hope for fair weather in Christmas week was not
+disappointed either. The days were snowy and sunny and the nights frosty
+and clear.
+
+Only one thing had worried the "Society of Star-Gazers"--what was to
+take the place of the smooth sand of the beach when Uncle Henry should
+begin to point out the sky people that were visible in the winter sky?
+There were pebbles, it was true, on the flat roof of the apartment
+house, but there was no sand.
+
+The children were certain, however, that Uncle Henry would find a way,
+as he always did, and sure enough, when he arrived he brought, as one of
+his Christmas gifts to the children, a wonderful blackboard, an easel to
+stand it upon, and plenty of white chalk.
+
+After dinner on the first night of Uncle Henry's visit, the Society of
+Star-Gazers was bundled up in warm coats and mufflers and he led the
+way to the roof, carrying the blackboard and his pocket electric
+flashlight.
+
+Far above the lights of the city arched the great, blue-black bowl of
+the sky, filled with the sparkling patterns of stars that the children
+had learned to know as steadfast, unchanging friends.
+
+"Uncle Henry," said Betty, "you've told us about enough animals to
+really fill a Noah's ark, but we've never heard anything about Noah
+himself. Isn't there any Mr. Noah in the sky?"
+
+"Well, Betty," said Uncle Henry, "There isn't any constellation that's
+named for Noah, but he was a great hunter, and since there is a great
+hunter in the sky, we can call him Noah if we want to, even if his last
+name is _Orion_."
+
+"Noah O'Ryan!" laughed Paul. "I know a boy named Michael O'Ryan."
+
+"It's not the same spelling," said Uncle Henry, as he turned the
+flashlight on the blackboard while he wrote the word upon it, and
+underneath, made three large chalk dots, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Find those three stars," said Uncle Henry, "and you will have the _belt
+of Orion_. It ought not to be hard to find them, for there are no other
+stars like them anywhere in the whole sky. Those three stars have
+always attracted a lot of attention from people in all times and
+countries. In the Bible Job calls them 'the bands of Orion'; the Arabs
+called them 'the Golden Nuts'; the fierce Masai Tribe in Africa call
+them 'the three old men'; the ancient Chinese named Orion 'Tsan,' which
+means 'three'; and to the Eskimos these three stars appear to be the
+three steps that a Starland Eskimo cuts in a snowbank when he wants to
+climb to the top of it."
+
+The children soon found _Orion's_ belt about a third of the way up the
+southeastern sky.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "see who can find his shoulders first. Here is
+a piece of chalk for each of you. Put the shoulders in as soon as you
+see them."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Paul found _Orion's_ right shoulder, and Betty his left, and made large
+chalk dots to show how bright and beautiful the stars that mark the
+shoulders are.
+
+"Oh, I see his feet!" exclaimed Betty delightedly.
+
+"Put them in then," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Then _Orion_ looked like this on the blackboard:
+
+"I'll tell you this much more," said Uncle Henry, "and then you must
+finish _Orion_ by yourselves. He has a great club, raised, ready to
+strike, in his right hand, and he holds a lion's skin on his left arm,
+as a shield."
+
+"What's he going to hit at?" inquired Peter, with his boy's joy in
+battle uppermost.
+
+"At _Taurus_, the wild bull," said Uncle Henry. "You can see that
+_Taurus_ is very fierce, and would enjoy nothing better than to chase
+the twin star boys round and round the sky. He might not really want to
+hurt the boys, whose names are _Castor_ and _Pollux_, but _Taurus'_
+horns are very sharp and he doesn't know how to play gently, so it keeps
+_Orion_ pretty busy getting between him and _Gemini_ and threatening the
+bull with his club."
+
+"What's 'jimini,' Uncle Hen?" said Paul. "Sounds like our swear word."
+
+"It _is_ the origin of it," said Uncle Henry. "The ancient Romans used
+to swear 'by _Gemini_,' and it has slowly been changed into your
+'jimini.' _Gemini_ is the Latin word that means 'twins.' We'll find them
+after we finish up _Orion_ and _Taurus_, and then you'll see just how
+_Orion_ keeps protecting them from the bull."
+
+"Hurry up, Uncle Hen!" urged Peter. "I'm dreadful excited!"
+
+Uncle Henry did, and as a result _Orion_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Ooh! he's got a sword, too!" cried Paul, as Uncle Henry added the three
+tiny stars below _Orion's_ belt, and drew the outline around them.
+
+"Why didn't he use the sword on _Taurus_?" asked Peter.
+
+"Because he knew _Taurus_ was only playing in his rough way," Uncle
+Henry replied.
+
+"Well, we've heard a lot about that bull," said Betty. "Let's find him
+right away."
+
+Uncle Henry said nothing, but took the chalk from Betty and drew a light
+line from _Orion's_ right foot to his left shoulder, and continued it
+upward about the same distance. (20)
+
+"There," he said, "that point is just between the bull's horns and over
+his right eye. The right eye of _Taurus_ is a very bright star called
+_Aldebaran_. Anybody see it?"
+
+"Oh, I do!" said Paul. "What, hasn't _Taurus_ any left eye, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"He has," said Uncle Henry, "but he has it closed just now. He's winking
+it at _Orion_ as much as to say, 'Oh, I act fierce, but I wouldn't hurt
+those twins after all. I'm just playing.' Go ahead and put in the stars
+for the bull's head and horns as fast as you find them, youngsters."
+
+The children did, and when Uncle Henry had showed them the fore legs and
+shoulder, which contains the beautiful little group of faint stars
+called the _Pleiades_, _Taurus_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now we want the twins!" cried Betty.
+
+"All right," said Uncle Henry, "follow a line straight up the bull's
+left horn and a little more than the length of the horn beyond its tip
+and you will reach _Castor_, the head of the fainter twin." (21)
+
+Peter and Paul began to show great interest, because they were twins
+themselves. They demanded that each be allowed to select one of the sky
+children and finish him completely, without Uncle Henry's assistance.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Paul, having first choice because he was twenty minutes younger than
+Peter, selected _Pollux_, and Peter had to be contented with the less
+bright _Castor_.
+
+It was not a difficult task for either of the boys, after finding the
+twin star _Castor_, for the head of _Pollux_ is quite close beside it
+and the bodies of both star children stand side by side, with the feet
+just above _Orion's_ uplifted club.
+
+When _Gemini_, the twins, were finished, the blackboard looked like
+this, and since the children's fingers were so stiff with the cold that
+they could hardly hold the chalk, Uncle Henry moved that the Society of
+Star-Gazers adjourn until the next evening.
+
+
+
+
+SECOND WINTER EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE DOGS OF ORION AND GEMINI FOLLOW THEIR MASTERS,
+    PEGASUS ESCAPES AS USUAL, AND ANDROMEDA GETS A NICE SOFT BED
+    OF HAY IN PLACE OF HER HARD OLD ROCK
+
+
+"Uncle Hen," said Peter, when the Society was assembled round the
+blackboard, in overcoats and mittens, on the following night, "what is
+that very bright star that is down behind _Orion_? It looks sort of
+important to me."
+
+"Right you are, Pete," answered Uncle Henry, looking where the boy
+pointed, "it _is_ important. It is the star _Sirius_, the brightest star
+in the whole sky. We'll begin with it and find _Orion's_ dog, or _Canis
+Major_, which is Latin for 'bigger dog.'"
+
+"That's great!" exclaimed Paul, "you told us last Summer that we'd find
+him this Christmas-time."
+
+"So I did," agreed Uncle Henry. "Well, you can always find _Orion's_ dog
+by drawing a line through _Orion's_ belt and extending it behind him
+until it meets _Sirius_. (22) You can't miss it because it's so bright.
+Everybody see it?"
+
+Everybody did.
+
+"Now," went on Uncle Henry, "extend the line that came from _Orion's_
+belt, curving it slightly downward after it passes through _Sirius_, and
+you will have the dog's backbone. Put in the chalk dots as we find the
+stars, Pete. Now draw lines upward and downward from _Sirius_, at right
+angles to the backbone line and you will have the dog's forelegs and
+ears. At a point on the backbone about twice the length of the foreleg
+from _Sirius_, you will find another fairly bright star, and below it a
+little way another star. Connect these two and keep on with the line, at
+right angles to the backbone, and you will find one hind foot. The other
+is not far in front of it. Yes, that's right, Betty, there's a star in
+the tip of his tail, too. And the three stars near _Sirius_ make _Canis
+Major's_ nose."
+
+The children soon finished the skeleton and Uncle Henry took the chalk
+and put the flesh upon it. Then the dog of _Orion_ looked like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"He's a faithful old fellow, isn't he?" said Betty, "to always follow
+Mr. _Orion_ around like that?"
+
+"I'm not always sure," said Uncle Henry, "whether the dog of _Orion_
+would always be so faithful if it wasn't for the rabbit that is always
+just ahead of him, almost under _Orion's_ feet."
+
+"Oh, show us the rabbit!" cried Betty. Her father had promised her that
+when they all went to live in a house in the country, she should have a
+pair of them for her very own.
+
+"All right, Betty," said Uncle Henry. "You can find _Lepus_, the rabbit,
+yourself. The three rather faint stars just below _Orion's_ right foot
+make the curve of his back. Join them together with a curved line and
+extend it forward and downward until it passes through two brighter
+stars. The lowest of these is in the fore-shoulder of the rabbit. Now
+draw lines backward from both of these brighter stars, at about right
+angles to the line that joins them, and you will find the rabbit's hind
+hip and hind foot. He is lying down for a moment to rest. You see he's
+been galloping away from _Canis Major_ for such a long time that he is
+tired."
+
+"Poor little rabbit!" cried Betty, and her little face looked so pitiful
+in the light of the electric torch that Uncle Henry hastened to reassure
+her by saying that the big dog had never yet caught the rabbit, and by
+the very nature of things never could. Then she took heart to go on
+putting in the stars.
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "you can find the star in the rabbit's eye by
+drawing a line forward from the upper one of the brighter stars, and the
+star in his fore-foot by drawing another forward and downward from his
+fore-shoulder. That finishes his skeleton, all except his ears. They
+are made by finding four faint stars just under _Orion's_ left foot, and
+using two of them in each ear."
+
+"Now can I draw his outline in, too?" asked Betty. "I want to make every
+bit of him myself."
+
+"Of course you can!" exclaimed Uncle Henry indulgently.
+
+"You've got to let me make all of the horse, then, when we come to him!"
+exclaimed Peter.
+
+"In just a little while, Pete," said Uncle Henry, "we're making the
+rabbit now."
+
+"All right," agreed Peter.
+
+Betty had looked longingly at rabbits in pet stores so often that she
+really did very well at drawing the outline of the sky-rabbit.
+
+We leave it to you to better it. You can't--unless you love rabbits more
+than she did.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty's brothers were quite astonished, and pleased the little girl
+immensely by clapping their hands when the rabbit was finished.
+
+"Now let me do the horse!" demanded Peter.
+
+"What'll be left for me to do?" inquired Paul wistfully, "if you let
+Pete do the horse?"
+
+"That'll be all right, Paul," reassured Uncle Henry, "the sky horse is
+very large, but we'll give you two smaller animals to do yourself to
+make up for him--_Aries_, the ram, and _Canis Minor_, the smaller dog."
+
+"Fine," agreed Paul. "I know all 'bout rams."
+
+The children laughed gleefully. Paul had been butted over once by a ram
+when they were on a summer visit to their grandfather's farm.
+
+"Well, Pete," said Uncle Henry briskly, "you'll find _Pegasus_, the
+horse, grazing clear on the other side of the star field. Somebody built
+a box stall for him over there, but he's so big and strong that he
+doesn't stay in it except when he feels like it. He's all the time
+leaping the fence and escaping. When you find him, you'll see that he's
+doing that very thing now. In fact, you'll catch him right in the act!"
+
+"Oh, let's hurry then!" said Peter, "he might be out before we see him
+do it!"
+
+"Everybody find the big dipper," directed Uncle Henry. "You remember how
+we found the pole star in the tip of the little bear's tail by drawing a
+line up through the 'pointer stars' of the dipper's bowl, on the side
+away from the handle? Well, do that again now, and follow the line
+through the pole star, passing behind _Cassiopeia_ in her chair, and
+continuing until your line passes through two fairly bright stars quite
+a distance apart. (23) A line connecting these stars marks the top edge
+of _Pegasus'_ box stall, which is called 'the square of _Pegasus_.'"
+
+"_Cassiopeia_ is about halfway between the pole star and _Pegasus_. A
+line drawn from the pole star through the back of _Cassiopeia's_ chair
+will reach the two stars that form the lower corners of _Pegasus'_ box
+stall." (24)
+
+"Oh, I see the square now," said Peter.
+
+"Me, too," said Paul.
+
+"It's very big, isn't it?" said Betty.
+
+"Yes," agreed Uncle Henry, "and _Pegasus_ is big, too. He is upside down
+just now, with his head just above the western horizon. His nose points
+northward toward _Delphinus_ and his neck curves up from the side of the
+box stall that's away from the pole star. His fore feet curve up from
+the side of the square that is toward the pole star, and both feet point
+toward the swan."
+
+"I see him now," cried Peter, and began putting in the chalk dots and
+lines for the framework of the box stall and the skeleton of _Pegasus'_
+head and forelegs, which are all of him that can be seen. As Uncle Henry
+said, _Pegasus_ is just in the act of jumping out of his stall.
+
+When Peter had finished drawing _Pegasus_, the horse of poets looked
+like this. Uncle Henry put in the arrows pointing from the pole star,
+and the skeletons of _Delphinus_ and the swan.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It seems to me," observed Paul sagely, "that _Pegasus'_ box stall is a
+lot too small for him."
+
+"That's why he is all the time jumping out and running away," explained
+Uncle Henry. "I told you that we should catch him in the act. He's
+always at it."
+
+"Pete's had his turn; now I want to find the ram and the little dog,"
+said Paul.
+
+"If you'll wait just a little longer," said Uncle Henry, "I'd like to
+show Betty the last of the sky ladies, because she's right close to
+_Pegasus_."
+
+Paul's face fell a little, but he said, "Ladies first, of course," as
+any gentleman would.
+
+"I said she was a lady," said Uncle Henry, "but I'm not so sure that she
+is acting like one. In fact, she is in an attitude that few ladies would
+like to be seen in, at least not in the plain view of everybody who
+looks at the sky."
+
+"What's she doing, Uncle Henry?" inquired Betty, in a tone that said, "I
+guess it can't be anything so _very_ bad."
+
+Betty was herself fond of climbing trees, in spite of motherly
+disapproval of such tomboy activities.
+
+"She's lying flat on her back, with her arms and legs sprawled out and
+her head resting against the corner of _Pegasus'_ box stall. I should
+think it might be very uncomfortable for her, unless she is lying on a
+pile of hay, for _Andromeda_ has been there a very long time in the same
+position. The ancient Greeks said that _Andromeda_ was chained to a
+rock. Let's not have her that way; it would be so disagreeable."
+
+"She's probably asleep and doesn't notice, but we'll give her the hay,"
+said Betty. "There's nobody to tell her not to lie down where she likes.
+How do we find her, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"First look for her head," said Uncle Henry. "It is the same star we
+found forming the lower corner of _Pegasus'_ square on the side toward
+the pole star. _Andromeda's_ feet are just below the W-shaped
+_Cassiopeia_. A line drawn from the swan's beak through his tail, and
+extended across the sky, will reach the stars in the feet. (25) Another
+line drawn diagonally across the square of _Pegasus_ to _Andromeda's_
+head and extended will pass along her body, and farther on, her left
+foot will be seen just above the line. You see her now, don't you,
+Betty?"
+
+"Yes," said Betty, "and I think I see her arms."
+
+"All right, draw her in," Uncle Henry encouraged.
+
+Betty did, but didn't think she could draw well enough to outline the
+sleeping girl, so Uncle Henry did that. Then _Andromeda_ looked like
+this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Betty added a few lines to show that _Andromeda_ was lying on a pile of
+hay, instead of being chained to that hard rock the Greeks insisted
+upon.
+
+"What is that fuzzy little star just to her right, about at her hip?"
+asked Paul.
+
+"I'm glad you noticed that," said Uncle Henry. "The astronomers who
+lived ever so long ago, long before the birth of Christ Jesus, noticed
+that it looked 'fuzzy,' just as you have, and called it 'the little
+cloud.' It is now called 'The Great Nebula in _Andromeda_.' If you
+looked at it through a telescope you would see that it is not one star,
+but a great many. Some of them, as astronomers who live now tell us, are
+as large as our sun."
+
+"Ooh, how wonderful!" said Betty softly, and the boys' faces showed that
+they thought so, too.
+
+"Some night," promised Uncle Henry, "we'll bring up a little telescope
+and look at 'the little cloud' again. It is a fine sight."
+
+"Now," said Paul after a moment, "please can I find the ram and the
+little dog?"
+
+"Certainly," said Uncle Henry. "Just as _Canis Major_, the bigger dog,
+follows _Orion_ and belongs to him, so _Canis Minor_, the littler dog,
+follows and belongs to the star children, the twins named _Gemini_."
+
+"Ooh!" exclaimed Betty, "just like 'Rags' belongs to Peter and Paul!
+We'll call the little dog 'Rags' when Paul finds him."
+
+"Fine!" laughed Uncle Henry, "but I warn you that he won't come when you
+call him as well as the real live 'Rags' answers to his name."
+
+"Where do I start?" inquired Paul, anxious to have his chance to draw.
+
+"At the feet of the twins," directed Uncle Henry. "Draw a line through
+their feet and extend it away from the feet of _Pollux_, in the
+direction away from _Taurus_, the bull. (26) At a point about as far
+away from the foot of _Pollux_ as the height of the twins you will find
+a bright star, and between it and the foot of _Pollux_ a fainter one.
+Draw a line to connect them, and you have the little dog's backbone. You
+can fill in the rest of him any way you like, for those are the only two
+stars he has in him. I'll tell you one thing, though. The brighter star
+is at the little dog's tail instead of his head. The opposite was the
+case with _Orion's_ dog."
+
+The children found the two stars very easily and Paul put down dots of
+the right size to represent them. Then he drew the outline of the little
+sky dog, making him an Airedale, as you can see, so that he might be the
+same as his beloved flesh and blood name-sake "Rags."
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now that we've found the two dogs, that makes it easy to find _Cancer_
+the Crab," said Uncle Henry. "Just draw a line from _Sirius_, in the
+Big Dog, through the Little Dog, and extend it almost as far again. (27)
+That's right. Now what do you see?"
+
+The children searched the sky for some time, and Betty finally said,
+"Sort of a sprawly bunch of six or eight rather faint stars."
+
+"Make little chalk-dots for them, then, Betty, and we'll try our best to
+make them look like a crab."
+
+This shows how _Cancer_ the crab looked when he was finished on the
+blackboard, and how he crawls in the sky away from _Canis Major_ and
+_Gemini_, the twin boys. Perhaps he has learned by experience to leave
+boys and dogs as far behind as possible.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now let's find the ram!" said Paul. "I want to draw him."
+
+"The ram," said Uncle Henry, "is very small, and is made of only three
+stars. A line drawn from the top corner of _Pegasus'_ box stall, on the
+side next the pole, going straight down the side, and extended below it
+one and a half times the height of the stall, will point to the ram.
+(28) You can also locate _Aries_, the Ram, by drawing a line from the
+star in the swan's tail, across the stars in _Andromeda's_ hips, and
+beyond them a little more than the distance from her head to her hips.
+Don't mistake a little triangle of stars that you will see just below
+_Andromeda's_ left leg for the three stars of _Aries_. _Aries_ is a
+triangle, also, but it has _two_ fairly bright stars, while the triangle
+has only _one_. Do you all see _Aries_, the Ram?"
+
+The children had all found it after a few moments, as well as the
+triangle under _Andromeda's_ feet. When Paul had made the chalk dots and
+lines for _Aries'_ skeleton, Uncle Henry drew the outline around them
+and the ram looked like this. You will see that in order to show _Aries_
+right side up, the blackboard had to be turned so that _Andromeda_ was
+upside down.
+
+"While we are in the neighborhood of _Pegasus_ and _Andromeda_ and
+_Aries_ the Ram we may as well find the two fishes. One of them, called
+the _Northern Fish_, lies just about halfway between _Andromeda's_ body
+and _Aries_--and the other, called the _Western Fish_, lies just back of
+_Pegasus'_ box stall, quite close to the water jar of _Aquarius_. (29)
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"The two fishes are tied together by their tails. The cord or ribbon
+runs eastward from the tail of the _Western Fish_, running about
+parallel to the side of _Pegasus'_ stall, and then makes a sharp angle,
+coming back toward _Andromeda_, where it is fastened to the _Northern
+Fish's_ tail."
+
+When _Pisces_, or "The Fishes" were found and drawn with chalk they were
+in this relation to _Pegasus_, _Andromeda_, _Aries_, and _Aquarius'_
+Jar.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"While I think of it," said Uncle Henry, "I want to tell you that
+sometimes you may find a very bright star in a constellation where it
+doesn't seem to belong. If you watch it for a few nights you will see
+that it moves. It isn't a star at all, but a _planet_ or "wanderer."
+Sometime I'll show you how to know all the planets by sight and name.
+You will never see them except in the zodiac constellations, so they
+need not confuse you. And now I think all of us had better go downstairs
+and get warm before we go to bed. Besides, we want to leave a little to
+do to-morrow night, and there are only two constellations left now."
+
+"Only two?" cried the children in disappointment.
+
+"Only two that we can see well," assured Uncle Henry.
+
+"Well," said Peter, "I guess we'd better have the Society adjourn. I
+move we adjourn."
+
+"Second the motion," said Paul, with true parliamentary solemnity.
+
+"Carried," murmured Betty, who was beginning to get sleepy in spite of
+herself.
+
+
+
+
+THIRD WINTER EVENING
+
+  THE SKY CLOUDED OVER, BUT PETER FOUND THE STAR PEOPLE HIDING IN
+    THE ALMANAC--PAUL FOUND HIS HEAD WAS THE WORLD--AND THE
+    "SOCIETY" FOUND OUT ABOUT THE SWASTIKA AND THE ZODIAC, AND
+    HOW YOU TELL WHEN A DIPPER IS A PLOUGH AND WHEN IT'S A WAGON
+
+
+Next evening Peter and Paul carried the blackboard to the roof after
+supper, but soon returned in disappointment. The sky had all clouded
+over! The evening's session of the "Society of Star-Gazers" was spoiled.
+Its members stood in a circle about Uncle Henry and looked hopefully at
+him. Never yet had he failed to make good in an emergency.
+
+"Well, it can't be helped," said Uncle Henry cheerfully. "We'll just
+have to bring Starland down here into our playroom for this evening.
+Suppose you get me--let's see--about a dozen sheets of paper from a big
+scratch pad, some of Betty's colored crayons--they had better be the
+dark-colored ones--and a good-sized sheet of stiff cardboard or Bristol
+board. Yes, and some pins and an Almanac. Betty'll get the colored
+pencils, Paul the cardboard, and Peter the sheets of paper and the pins.
+I'll borrow the Almanac from Katy. She has one in the kitchen."
+
+The children scattered for the materials and Uncle Henry took the shade
+off the electric lamp that stood on the playroom table.
+
+When everybody was back in the playroom with the things needed the
+Society gathered around Uncle Henry and asked,
+
+"Where do we go from here, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"Out into Starland," said Uncle Henry, spreading out his arms wide.
+"This room is the universe. This lamp with the shade off is the sun.
+Imagine that the pictures on the walls are groups of stars, the
+constellations, the star-people we have been finding in the sky right
+along. Imagine that there are pictures on the ceiling, too, and on the
+floor. Lots of them, all over the six sides of this square room.
+
+"Now Paul, you have a nice round head and have just had a hair-cut. Your
+head can be the earth. Just walk around the table once or twice until we
+get used to thinking about your head as the world. It seems rather small
+at first. That's right. Now you're going around the sun the way the
+earth does, from right to left, just opposite to the way the clock-hands
+go. You go once around the sun every year.
+
+"The earth of course spins on its axis, too, just like a top, while it
+is circling round the sun. It turns round completely every twenty-four
+hours, from West to East. Paul, see if you can spin like a top while you
+are going round the lamp. Spin from right to left, just opposite to the
+way the clock-hands go."
+
+Paul did his best to spin and walk at the same time, and Uncle Henry
+showed Peter and Betty that the side of Paul's head that was toward the
+lamp was always bright, while the other side was always in shadow. As
+Paul turned on his axis from right to left his face became lighted, then
+the right side of his head, then its back, then the left side, and so
+on, round and round.
+
+Part of the time Paul was facing a picture on one wall and the next
+minute his back was toward that picture and he was looking at another
+picture on the opposite wall, across the lamp.
+
+These two drawings show how Paul faced the two pictures one after the
+other.
+
+[Illustration: Night on Paul's Face]
+
+[Illustration: Day on Paul's Face]
+
+"Now tell me," commanded Uncle Henry, "which picture you see the
+plainest--is it the one you see when your back is to the lamp--or is
+it the one you see when you face the lamp, and look across it toward
+the picture on the wall beyond?"
+
+"The lamp is so bright without a shade that it blinds me when I try to
+see the picture beyond it," said Paul.
+
+"Oh, I see! I see!" said Betty, beginning to hop up and down. "Can I
+tell, Uncle Henry?"
+
+"Surely," laughed Uncle Henry, "what do you see?"
+
+"When Paul faces the picture with his back to the lamp," said Betty,
+"it's night on his face, and day on the back of his head! Is that
+right?"
+
+"Yes, go on," encouraged Uncle Henry.
+
+"And so he can see that picture better, 'cause the lamplight isn't in
+his eyes. But when he faces the lamp and looks across it, then it's day
+in his face, and night on the back of his head, and he can't see the
+picture beyond the lamp very well, 'cause the sun-lamp shines in his
+eyes."
+
+"So that's why we can only see the stars at night!" said Peter.
+
+"Yes, that's why the moon and the stars come out only when it gets
+dark," said Uncle Henry. "You see the earth turns round and carries us
+to its dark side, the side that is away from the sun. We say 'The sun
+has set.' Then when the sun glare is gone from our eyes we can see the
+sky-pictures, just as Paul sees one picture better with his back to the
+lamp than he does the other when he has to look through the lamp-light
+toward it."
+
+"And the stars are in the sky all day long, whether we see them or not?"
+asked Paul.
+
+"Certainly," said Uncle Henry. "If you could look up at the sky from the
+bottom of a very deep well, or a tall chimney, so that the sun-light was
+kept out of your eyes, you could see the stars shining in the daytime.
+There is a long deep tunnel in the great pyramid of Egypt that goes up
+and out from the centre of its base toward its north side at just the
+right angle so that the ancient Egyptians could always see the pole star
+through it--no matter whether it was night or daytime. You see the pole
+star never rises or sets, because it is always right over the end of the
+axis that the earth spins on."
+
+This picture shows how the tunnel in the great pyramid always pointed to
+the north star because the tunnel is always parallel to the axis the
+earth spins on.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the pyramid was built, the star in the tip of the little bear's
+tail was not the pole star, as it is now. At that time the star that was
+nearest the pole was one of those in the dragon. Since the pole of the
+earth goes round in a complete circle among the stars every 25,000
+years, the star in _Draco_ will some time be the pole-star again--in,
+say 20,000 more years!
+
+Peter had picked up the Almanac that Uncle Henry had borrowed from Katy
+and suddenly cried,
+
+"Oh, Uncle Henry, the Almanac has a lot of the Star People in it. It
+calls them 'The Signs of the Zodiac.' What's the Zodiac, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We are going to find out right away, Pete," said Uncle Henry, "but
+first we must draw pictures of the twelve star folks that are the Zodiac
+signs. That means three drawings apiece. Pull up your chairs to the
+table and we'll draw on the sheets of scratch paper with Betty's colored
+pencils. Paul, you do the _Virgo_, _Leo_, and _Cancer_ the Crab; Peter
+will draw _Gemini_ the Twins, _Taurus_ the Bull, and _Aries_ the Ram;
+Betty will do the Fishes, called _Pisces_ in Latin, _Aquarius_ the Water
+Carrier, and _Capricornus_ the Goat; while I will draw _Sagittarius_ the
+Archer, _Scorpio_, and _Libra_ the Balance. All old friends of ours."
+
+"We'll put the Almanac here in the middle of the table where we can all
+see it while we copy the 'signs,' one on each sheet of paper."
+
+Everybody was very busy indeed for about half an hour. At the end of
+that time the twelve rough drawings were done and pinned up at equal
+distances apart around the walls of the playroom, three on each of the
+four walls. They were arranged around the room in the same order in
+which Uncle Henry had assigned them. The room then looked like this,
+though of course you see only three walls in a picture. You must imagine
+how the fourth wall looked.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now Paul, suppose you walk around the table again, spinning on your own
+axis as you go, and we'll try to find out what the Zodiac is. You notice
+that the pictures are all pinned on the walls at the same height from
+the floor, which is just the height of the electric lamp bulb, and just
+the height of Paul's head too, no matter where he is in his walk around
+the lamp. The twelve constellations, or signs of the Zodiac are in the
+real sky also on the same level with the earth and the sun, no matter
+where the earth is in its journey round the sun. Astronomers say it this
+way: they say that the earth revolves around the sun 'in the plane of
+the ecliptic.' That simply means that if the sun was in the centre of an
+enormous horizontal pane of glass, the earth and all the signs of the
+Zodiac would also always be touching the pane of glass, which would then
+represent the 'plane of the ecliptic.' Put an l in 'pane' and you have
+'plane.'"
+
+"Is each sign for a month?" asked Peter. "I see there are twelve of
+them."
+
+"That's correct," said Uncle Henry, "and you want to notice that as Paul
+walks round the lamp and looks across it at the signs on the wall beyond
+it, the lamp seems to Paul to move from one picture to the next."
+
+This picture is drawn as if the ceiling of the room was taken off and
+you could look down on Paul walking around the lamp.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When it is January first, Paul, representing the earth, is in the
+position marked A, nearest to the picture of _Gemini_ behind him,
+while the lamp, representing the sun, appears to him to be entering
+the sign of the Zodiac called _Sagittarius_, directly opposite across
+the room. Later, on April first, after three months, Paul, or the
+earth, has traveled a quarter of the way around the sun, has passed
+the pictures of _Cancer_ and _Leo_ on the wall behind him, and stands
+nearest _Virgo_ in the position marked B. The lamp has also seemed
+to move through a quarter circle, has passed through the signs of
+_Capricornus_ and _Aquarius_, and appears to Paul to be just entering
+the sign of _Pisces_, or the Fishes. In the same way the earth moves
+through a sign of the Zodiac every month and the sun, while really
+motionless, _appears_ to also travel through a sign every month. Of
+course we cannot see the sign or constellation, where the sun appears
+to be, at the same time we see the sun, for his brightness makes the
+stars invisible, but if we _could_ see the constellations by day, the
+sun would appear to travel from one sign of the Zodiac to the next
+every month.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Here is a clock of the year which shows the earth at one end of the
+hand, the sun in the middle, and at the other end of the hand an arrow,
+which points to the sign of the Zodiac where the sun appears to be, and
+to the date when it seems to be there to an observer on the earth. Draw
+the hand with the earth-end in several different positions and you will
+see that the sun, if viewed from the earth, would appear to be in the
+sign of the Zodiac exactly opposite.
+
+When the children all understood the way the Zodiac divides the yearly
+path of the earth into twelve equal parts, Betty said, "I want to know
+why the geography globe at school always looks just as if it was going
+to tip over."
+
+Uncle Henry laughed. "If you think the geography globe looks unsteady
+because its axis of iron rod is on a slant, what will you think about
+the earth when I tell you that it spins around in just the same slanting
+position, with only an _imaginary_ line for axis?"
+
+"Does it really?" asked Betty.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "and it spins so steadily in that slanting
+position that the north end of its imaginary axis always points toward
+the same place, a point very close to the north star, or _Polaris_ as it
+is called."
+
+"_Polaris_ is named for the North Pole, I suppose," said Peter.
+
+"That's right," Uncle Henry replied. "Let's get some scissors and we'll
+use our big sheet of cardboard to make a cap for Paul's head that will
+show you just how the slant of the earth's axis makes it hotter in
+summer and colder in winter."
+
+"Ooh!" exclaimed Paul, "I always thought it was hot in summer because
+the earth got nearer to the sun then."
+
+"Lots of people think that, too," said Uncle Henry, "but it isn't so.
+The earth is really farther from the sun in summer."
+
+Betty ran for the scissors, and Uncle Henry cut out a big circle from
+the stiff cardboard. Then he cut out an opening in the centre of it
+that fitted Paul's head just as a stiff straw hat would that was a
+size too big for him. The circle of cardboard dropped down until it
+rested on Paul's ears and on the bridge of his nose. This cardboard
+brim represented the "plane of the earth's equator," just as the pane
+of glass represented the "plane of the ecliptic." Since the "plane of
+the equator" is always at right angles to the slanting axis of the
+earth, the "plane of the equator" is always at a slant to the "plane
+of the ecliptic."
+
+If you will run a long hat-pin through an orange, and sink the orange
+exactly to its middle in a glass bowl filled with water, holding the
+hat-pin at a slant, you will see that the equator of the orange is at
+a slant with the surface of the water. Half of the orange's equator
+curves up above the water, while half of it curves down under the
+water's surface. If you fasten a cardboard ring around the orange at the
+equator the cardboard will then be at an angle with the surface of the
+water, which represents the "plane of the ecliptic."
+
+Uncle Henry cut two long strips from what was left of the cardboard and
+crossed the strips over the top of Paul's head, fastening the four ends
+of them to the round cardboard brim close to his head.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+After this Uncle Henry rolled a sheet of the scratch paper round a
+pencil, put rubber bands tightly around it, cut the end to bend up and
+make a foot and pinned the foot to the cardboard strips at the place
+where they crossed. When Paul had it all on he looked very funny with
+the pencil sticking straight up from the top of his head, and his eyes
+just peeping over the cardboard brim on each side of the strip down the
+middle of his nose.
+
+"Now come on, Mr. Earth," said Uncle Henry, "It's time for you to spin
+round the lamp-sun for another year or two."
+
+So Paul held his head on a slant and kept it so that the pencil always
+pointed in the same direction as he went round the lamp. These four
+little pictures show how he looked at the four sides of the sun where
+the earth is in Winter, Spring, Summer, and Autumn.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Now," said Uncle Henry, "you see that if we make a black dot on one of
+the cardboard strips about halfway between the cardboard brim, or the
+earth's equator, and the pencil, or the North Pole, it will be about as
+far north as we are in the United States. And when Paul is in his Summer
+position, with the pencil slanting _toward_ the 'sun,' you see that the
+sun's rays beat down much straighter on the black dot than they do when
+he is on the other side of the lamp, with the pole slanting _away_ from
+the 'sun.' That is why the Winter sun appears to be lower in the sky at
+noon than the Summer sun, and also why the Summer sun shines hotter on
+the earth than it does in Winter. Notice, too, that the rays from the
+lamp light up Paul's head for quite a little way beyond the foot of the
+'pole' when it slants _toward_ the 'sun,' while when it slants _away_
+from the 'sun' the rays fail to reach the 'pole' at all. This means that
+in summer the sun shines a longer time upon the part of the earth that
+slants toward it. If you could look down from the ceiling at Paul's head
+in his Summer position and in his Winter one you would see why."
+
+Uncle Henry quickly drew these two pictures of the top of a globe to
+show the children why the days are long in Summer and short in Winter at
+any point in the United States.
+
+  [Illustration: _The Winter Day_ lasts while the black dot on the
+  earth travels from A to B--less than half-way round.
+
+  _The Summer Day_ lasts while the black dot on the earth travels from
+  C to D--more than half-way round.]
+
+"It's just like the hot water bottle mother kept in my bed that time I
+had a chill after swimming," said Paul. "The hotter it was before she
+put it in the bed the slower it cooled off."
+
+"That's the idea," said Uncle Henry, "the longer the sun shines on any
+place on the earth the hotter it gets, and when the nights are as short
+as they are in Summer the place hasn't long to cool off before it is
+round in the sun's hot rays again. Now do you see why Summer is hotter
+than Winter?"
+
+The children did.
+
+"There's one thing I don't understand, though," said Peter. "Why are
+there different stars in the sky in Winter than there are in Summer?"
+
+"That's easy to answer," said Uncle Henry. "Look at Paul again--first
+when it's 'night' on his face on the 'Summer' side of the lamp, and then
+when it is 'night' on his face on the 'Winter' side of the lamp.
+
+"At 'night' in Summer Paul looks at the pictures on one end of the room.
+The cardboard brim, or 'plane of the equator,' is slanted _up_, above
+the 'plane of the ecliptic.'"
+
+This picture shows how Paul looked.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"But in Winter, at 'night,' Paul looks at quite different pictures, at
+the other end of the room. The cardboard brim is slanted _down_, below
+the level of the 'plane of the ecliptic.' This is why the path of the
+Winter Signs crosses the sky higher up than the path of the Summer
+Signs. In both Winter and Summer you must imagine the cardboard brim to
+be as transparent as glass, for the 'plane of the equator' is in reality
+only imaginary."
+
+This next picture shows how Paul looked at the constellations at "night"
+in Winter.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"Of course the north star and the stars for a considerable distance
+round the pole never set, and can be seen all night at any time of the
+year. It is only the ones that rise and set that go and come from our
+sight with the seasons. In reality they never leave us, for if it wasn't
+for the sunlight getting in our eyes by day, we could see the Summer
+night star-pictures in the Winter daytime, and the Winter night star
+people in the Summer daytime. We are just looking at opposite ends of
+our big room in the universe on Winter nights and Summer nights, that's
+all," said Uncle Henry.
+
+Uncle Henry took some folded papers from his pocket and spread them out
+on the table.
+
+"Here are four maps of the sky," he said, "which show the way it looks
+at different seasons at 9 o'clock in the evening--on January 1st, April
+1st, July 1st, and October 1st. You will see that the groups of stars
+around the pole are always in view, while the rest of the star people
+change with the seasons, but even the groups around the pole change
+their positions with the seasons.
+
+"You have all seen the _Swastika_. It has been known and used as an
+ornament for hundreds of years, all over the world--by the American
+Indians, the Chinese, the East Indians, and many others. I'll show you
+where I think all these widely separated people got the _Swastika_, and
+how it stands for the four seasons."
+
+Uncle Henry drew four little pictures showing the four positions in
+which the big dipper stands in the four different seasons, with its
+"pointer stars" always indicating the pole star.
+
+[Illustration: At the right of the pole star in Winter.]
+
+[Illustration: Above the pole star in Spring.]
+
+[Illustration: At the left of the pole star in Summer.]
+
+[Illustration: Below the pole star in Autumn.]
+
+Then he drew all four positions on one sheet of paper, like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+And when heavy lines were drawn along the handles of the dippers and
+across the pole star from bowl to bowl the _Swastika_ suddenly appeared
+like this:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers was very enthusiastic about the origin of the
+_Swastika_, and found the dipper in its different positions on all of
+the four maps that Uncle Henry had put on the table.
+
+You can see the position of the dipper and all the other stars at
+January 1st, April 1st, July 1st, and December 1st, at 9 o'clock in the
+evening, by looking at the four maps inside the covers of this book.
+
+After the children had looked at all the four maps as long as they
+wanted to, Uncle Henry suddenly remembered to look at his watch and
+exclaimed,
+
+"My goodness! I guess it's about time the Society adjourned for
+to-night. Ten o'clock! I'll get scolded for keeping you up so late."
+
+"I want to ask just one thing more," pleaded Betty.
+
+"All right, what is it?" said Uncle Henry.
+
+"Who found all the sky people?"
+
+"Well," said Uncle Henry, "now that's a long story. They were all found
+and named so long ago that nobody knows who did it. The inventors of
+the star people naturally thought they saw pictures in the sky of the
+things they were familar with in everyday life--the bear, the bull, the
+serpent, the archer, and so on. If they had had any steam engines then
+somebody would have drawn lines from star to star until they had a
+picture of one in the sky. In England the Great Bear or Dipper is
+usually called the 'Plough' and you can see why
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"It is also called 'Charles' Wain' or wagon.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+"We only know that the constellations are very, very old, and that an
+ancient people living in the valley of the Euphrates river probably
+named most of them. The Babylonian Tablets, the oldest records known,
+show that the Zodiac constellations were known over 3000 years before
+the birth of Christ, which is now nearly 5000 years ago."
+
+"Can't we have just one more poem before we go to bed?" said Paul.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "but not one of mine. I'll give you a little
+bit of a long poem that was written by a man named _Aratos_ about 280
+years before the wise men followed the star that told them where to find
+the new-born Christ. It has been running through my mind all the
+evening. This is it:
+
+    "And all the signs through which Night whirls her car,
+    From belted _Orion_ back to _Orion_ and his dauntless Hound,
+    And all _Poseidon's_, all high _Zeus's_ stars,
+    Bear on their beams true messages to man."
+
+
+
+
+FOURTH WINTER EVENING
+
+  IN WHICH THE "SOCIETY" MEETS THE LAST OF THE STAR PEOPLE AND
+    THE BEGINNING OF ASTRONOMY--AND BETTY PROPOSES A "NOTE" OF
+    THANKS
+
+
+The Society of Star-Gazers assembled upon the roof the next night with
+an eagerness that was tempered a little by regret that it _was_ the
+last.
+
+Uncle Henry saw this, and before starting to find the evening's
+constellations with the children, told them a few of the many wonderful
+things to be seen among the stars with the aid of a small telescope.
+
+He reminded them of the "little cloud" in _Andromeda_, called the Great
+Nebula, and said that there were not only many more of these wonderful
+clouds of star dust, but numbers of beautiful double stars, some of them
+lovely with tints of red, green or orange, and some that can be seen
+with an ordinary opera-glass.
+
+Then he told them of the curious variable, or "winking" stars, which
+turn bright and faint alternately on a regular schedule, so many hours
+bright, and so many hours faint. Also he described the beauty of the
+planet _Jupiter_, surrounded by its four little moons, all of which
+could be seen with a small telescope.
+
+Then the children began to feel more cheerful, for they saw that being
+introduced to the creatures and people of Skyland was only the beginning
+of the study of astronomy.
+
+"So," finished Uncle Henry, "we don't need to feel that there is no more
+fun coming, for there are lots more faint constellations which are all
+beautiful, even though not plain enough for us to find easily in the
+beginning. Besides, if you ever journey to the South, beyond the earth's
+equator, you will find a whole new sky full of marvelous people, and
+creatures, and objects--all pictured in the flashing southern heavens."
+
+"Well," said Peter briskly, "what do we find to-night, Uncle Hen?"
+
+"We'll begin," replied Uncle Henry, "with a person you may have heard
+of--_Perseus_, who killed the terrible Gorgon _Medusa_."
+
+"Oh, I know him," cried Paul, "we read all 'bout him last year."
+
+"Quite right," said Uncle Henry, "then you remember that when he had
+killed _Medusa_, and cut off her head with his sword, he had to hold the
+head with the terrible face away from him, because everybody who looked
+at that face was instantly turned to stone."
+
+"Yes, yes, we know!" chorused the Society.
+
+"Well, now we'll find _Perseus_, his sword, and the head of _Medusa_,"
+promised Uncle Henry. "All you have to do is to extend the line of
+_Andromeda's_ left leg and prolong it from her foot, straight out
+for about her whole length. (30) There you will find _Algenib_, the
+brightest star in _Perseus_. It is right in his neck, between his
+shoulders. From _Algenib_ you can trace a row of stars downward,
+almost to the _Pleiades_ in the bull's shoulder. This row of stars is
+_Perseus'_ body and legs. Then find two stars above _Algenib_, one over
+the other, and you have his head and helmet.
+
+"After that it is easy to start at _Algenib_ and trace out his right
+arm, with the sword. A line drawn toward _Perseus_ through the stars in
+_Andromeda's_ head and left hip points out the star _Algol_, which is
+the head of _Medusa_, held in _Perseus'_ left hand. (31) _Algol_ is a
+famous variable star, which the ancients named 'the dragon of the slowly
+winking eye.'"
+
+The children soon found all of _Perseus_, and all took part in drawing
+his skeleton on the blackboard. Then they watched _Algol_ in the sky,
+and expected to see it wink, until Uncle Henry told them that the wink
+is so slow that it takes seven hours for _Algol_ to become faint and
+bright again, and that then two and three-quarter days pass before
+_Algol_ winks again. This being the case the Society decided not to
+wait, and finished _Perseus_ up so that he looked this way:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Uncle Henry added the lines with arrows to show how _Algenib_ and
+_Algol_ are found, with the help of _Andromeda_.
+
+After _Perseus_ was finished, Betty kept gazing at the sky. She seemed
+fascinated, and finally asked,
+
+"Uncle Henry, there's a perfectly lovely star just a little way in front
+of _Perseus_, and three little ones near it. If I could name stars I
+would call them 'the hen and chickens,' wouldn't you?"
+
+All the children looked, and easily found the beautiful star. They
+couldn't have missed it, and neither can you, for it is one of the most
+brilliant in the sky and there are no others like it nearby.
+
+"Yes," said Uncle Henry, "the big star and the three little ones do look
+like a hen and her chickens. I would call them that, too, Betty, but
+hundreds of years ago somebody named the bright star _Capella_, which
+means 'the goat,' and called the three little stars 'the kids,' so you
+see that they are named already."
+
+"A kid is the baby of a goat, isn't it, Uncle Hen?" inquired Peter.
+
+"Yes, that's the idea," said Uncle Henry, and went on, "Betty happens
+to have picked out the brightest star in the last constellation we are
+going to find. It is called _Auriga_, or the Charioteer. He hasn't his
+chariot with him."
+
+"How do we find _Auriga_?" inquired Paul.
+
+"He is very plain, almost as plain as _Orion_ himself," said Uncle
+Henry. "_Capella_ is at one corner of a five-sided figure, called a
+'pentagon.' (32) It is also in the left shoulder of _Auriga_. Find the
+tip of the left horn of _Taurus_, the Bull, and you will have another
+corner of the pentagon, and at the same time the right foot of _Auriga_.
+When you have those points it is easy to find the other three corners,
+which are the right shoulder, left foot, and the right hand of _Auriga_.
+He holds his whip in that hand. Even though he had to leave his chariot
+when he went into the sky, he insisted on taking his whip along. It
+comes in very handy, too, sometimes, when the two lions up there become
+fretful and uneasy. When you have found _Auriga's_ shoulder stars, just
+draw two lines upward to a star above and between them and you finish
+the charioteer's skeleton. The star at the point where the lines cross
+is in his head. See him, everybody?"
+
+The children had no trouble in putting in the stars and drawing the
+skeleton. Neither will you, for _Auriga_ is very conspicuous, and almost
+straight overhead in the evening about Christmas time.
+
+This is the way _Auriga_ looked on the blackboard:
+
+[Illustration]
+
+When the children had finished looking at _Auriga_, and _Capella_ the
+Goat and her three babies, Betty drew herself up very straight and said,
+trying to look very dignified,
+
+"Mr. Chairman, I move that The Society of Star-Gazers give Uncle Henry a
+note of thanks for giving us such an instructive, and--and--oh, we've
+liked your Christmas present an awful lot, Uncle Henry!"
+
+Peter was going to say that it was a _vote_ of thanks that people got
+from societies, but Betty was so earnest and dignified that he didn't
+really want to take her down just then, so he joined Paul in seconding
+the motion and was appointed by Betty as a committee of one to write the
+"note" and deliver it to Uncle Henry later.
+
+Uncle Henry looked quite serious, for him, and said that he had made up
+a little poem that they might like to hear while standing under the
+Christmas stars.
+
+The Society voted unanimously in the affirmative, so Uncle Henry
+recited,
+
+    "There was once a star of old,
+    Wonders to three wise men told.
+
+    Where it led, there followed they--
+    Stars had taught them how to pray,
+    How to know the Truth from lies--
+    God had taught them through His skies.
+
+    Where the star led, followed they,
+    Found the Christ-child, laid in hay--
+    To His mother, in the stable,
+    Brought Him gifts that they were able.
+
+    Stars lead us to Christmas Truth--
+    Let us look, with eyes of youth!"
+
+Then, in a moment more, Uncle Henry and the children were gone, and the
+sleepless, faithful stars were alone, brooding lovingly over their tiny
+baby brother, which we call the great world.
+
+
+
+
+The author desires to express his indebtedness to the following books,
+which have given him many hours of enlightening pleasure while riding
+the star-gazing hobby:
+
+  A Field Book of the Stars        Olcott
+
+  Star Lore of all Ages            Olcott
+
+  The Heavens and Their Story      Mrs. Maunder
+
+  Astronomy                        Jacoby
+
+  Astronomy from a Dipper          Clarke
+
+  New Astronomy                    Todd
+
+  Astronomy                        Lockyer
+
+He also wishes to add his appreciation of the monthly pleasure given by
+"The Evening Sky Map," published by Leon Barritt.
+
+
+Printed in the United States of America
+
+
+
+
+Transcriber's note:
+
+The original text has been preserved, but for the following exceptions:
+a few missing or extraneous quotation marks have been corrected, and
+on page 78 "be" was changed to "he" (had he failed to make good).
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Star People, by Gaylord Johnson
+
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