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diff --git a/37130.txt b/37130.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..afa073f --- /dev/null +++ b/37130.txt @@ -0,0 +1,2022 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of Sheffield and its Environs 13th to the 17th +century, by Thomas Walter Hall + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Sheffield and its Environs 13th to the 17th century + A descriptive catalogue of land charters and other documents + forming the Brooke Taylor collection + +Author: Thomas Walter Hall + +Release Date: August 20, 2011 [EBook #37130] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SHEFFIELD AND ITS ENVIRONS *** + + + + +Produced by Brownfox and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from +images generously made available by The Internet Archive) + + + + + + + + + +Sheffield and its environs 13th to the 17th century + + +A DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF + +Land Charters & Other Documents + + +FORMING THE BROOKE TAYLOR COLLECTION + + +RELATING TO THE OUTLYING DISTRICTS OF SHEFFIELD + + +WITH 16 GENEALOGIES AND AN ARTICLE ON Hawksyard + + +COMPILED BY T. WALTER HALL HON. M.A. (SHEFFIELD) F.R.HIST.S. + + +SHEFFIELD +PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY J. W. NORTHEND LTD., WEST STREET +1922 + + + + +TO + +THE UNIVERSITY OF SHEFFIELD + + + + +WORKS RELATING TO THE HISTORY OF SHEFFIELD AND ITS ENVIRONS. + + +SHEFFIELD PEDIGREES volume I, by T. WALTER HALL. Containing nine +genealogies with notes. + + Published _1909_, now out of print. + + +CATALOGUE OF THE CHARTERS, DEEDS, AND MANUSCRIPTS IN THE PUBLIC REFERENCE +LIBRARY AT SHEFFIELD, by T. WALTER HALL; with Introductory Note by Mr. R. +E. LEADER and photographic reproduction of early 14th century Derbyshire +charter. + + Published _June 1912_. Price 2/-. + + +CATALOGUE OF THE ANCIENT CHARTERS BELONGING TO THE TWELVE CAPITAL +BURGESSES AND COMMONALTY OF THE TOWN AND PARISH OF SHEFFIELD, WITH +ABSTRACTS OF ALL SHEFFIELD WILLS PROVED AT YORK PRIOR to 1554, by T. +WALTER HALL; with over 100 local genealogies and 4 photographic +reproductions of early Sheffield seals and an early 15th century +Sheffield charter. + + Published _May 1913_. Price 2/6. + + +DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE CHARTERS, ROLLS, DEEDS, PEDIGREES, +PAMPHLETS, NEWSPAPERS, MONUMENTAL INSCRIPTIONS, MAPS, AND MISCELLANEOUS +PAPERS, FORMING "THE JACKSON COLLECTION," AT THE SHEFFIELD PUBLIC +REFERENCE LIBRARY, by T. WALTER HALL and A. HERMANN THOMAS: with +Prefatory Note by Dr. HENRY JACKSON, O.M., Regius Professor of Greek and +Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, and five photographic reproductions +of ancient local documents. + + Published _July 1914_. Price 5/-. + + +SHEFFIELD PEDIGREES volume II, contributed by Messrs. J. B. +MITCHELL-WITHERS, H. P. MARSH, R. E. LEADER, S. O. ADDY, W. S. PORTER, C. +DRURY, and T. WALTER HALL. Containing 16 genealogies with notes. + + Published _January 1915_. Price 5/-. + + +DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF MISCELLANEOUS CHARTERS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS +RELATING TO THE DISTRICTS OF SHEFFIELD AND ROTHERHAM, WITH ABSTRACTS OF +WILLS PROVED AT YORK FROM 1554 to 1560; by T. WALTER HALL, with 315 local +genealogies and six photographs of medieval charters, &c. + + Published _September 1916_. Price 5/-. + + +THE PARISH REGISTER OF SHEFFIELD. Part I. BAPTISMS AND MARRIAGES, 1560 to +1635. Transcribed and edited by CHARLES DRURY and T. WALTER HALL of +Sheffield; indexed by JOHN CHARLESWORTH of Wakefield. Privately printed +for The Hunter Archaeological Society of Sheffield and The Yorkshire +Parish Register Society. + + Published _1917_. Price 10/6. + + +THE PARISH REGISTER OF SHEFFIELD. Part II. BURIALS 1560 to 1635; BAPTISMS +AND MARRIAGES 1635 to 1653. Transcribed and edited by CHARLES DRURY and +T. WALTER HALL of Sheffield, and indexed by T. WALTER HALL. Privately +printed for The Hunter Archaeological Society of Sheffield and The +Yorkshire Parish Register Society. + + Published _1918_. Price 10/6. + + +DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE CHARTERS, COPY COURT ROLLS AND WILLS IN aEurooeTHE +WHEAT COLLECTION," AT THE SHEFFIELD PUBLIC REFERENCE LIBRARY; AND ALSO +CHARTERS FROM OTHER LOCAL COLLECTIONS, WITH ABSTRACTS OF SHEFFIELD WILLS +PROVED AT YORK FROM 1560 to 1566; by T. WALTER HALL; with 285 local +genealogies, and a Prefatory Note by Mr. HUBERT HALL, of H.M. Public +Record Office, F.S.A., and two photographic reproductions of local +charters of the 13th century. Appendix containing a list of boys who went +to Broombank House School, Sheffield, with a biographical note on the +reverend THOMAS HOWARTH, M.A. + + Published _August 1920_. Price 5/-. + + +THE PARISH REGISTER OF SHEFFIELD. Part III. BURIALS 1635 to 1653; +BAPTISMS AND MARRIAGES 1653 to 1686. Transcribed and edited by CHARLES +DRURY and T. WALTER HALL, F.R.Hist.S. Privately printed for The Hunter +Archaeological Society of Sheffield and The Yorkshire Parish Register +Society. + + Published _1921_. Price 10/6. + + +MATERIAL FOR THE HISTORY OF WINCOBANK, SHEFFIELD, by T. WALTER HALL, +F.R.Hist.S.; with plan of 1692 and 31 local genealogies. + + Published _December 1921_. Price 3/-. + + +DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE BROOKE TAYLOR COLLECTION OF EARLY CHARTERS +AND DEEDS RELATING TO OUTLYING DISTRICTS OF SHEFFIELD by T. WALTER HALL, +Hon. M.A. (Sheffield), F.R.Hist.S.; with genealogies and photographic +reproductions of charters and seals. Appendix containing an article on +Hawksyard near Buxton; with its John of Gaunt hawking tradition and +medieval history; reprinted from _Transactions_ of The Hunter +Archaeological Society of Sheffield. + + Published _October 1922_. Price 5/-. + + +THE PARISH REGISTER OF SHEFFIELD. Part IV. In the Press. + + Price 10/6. + +The above publications can be purchased from J. W. NORTHEND LIMITED, WEST +STREET, SHEFFIELD. + + + + +PREFACE + + +My thanks are due to Colonel H. Brooke Taylor, for permission to search +his chambers in the Town Hall at Bakewell for hidden treasure, in the +shape of pre-reformation land charters court rolls and the like; to Mr +Robert Shirley of Waterhouse Farm near Longnor, for a sight of his title +deeds to Hawksyard; to his son Mr Edwin Leslie Shirley of Hawksyard, for +a very pleasant visit to his ancestral home in The Moorlands of +Staffordshire, with its medieval tradition and interesting associations; +and to Mr James R. Wigfull, for an excellent little map of Hawksyard and +the surrounding country. + +It is only through the kindness and good nature of others, that a +systematic search for local history can proceed and although +contributions accumulate in small quantities, there is no more fruitful +or reliable source of information, as to people and places of bygone +days, than the land charters and court rolls covering the period from the +Domesday survey to the reformation. + +Many bundles of old title deeds, unopened for centuries, yet lie hidden +in out-of-the-way corners and on inaccessible shelves; it should be part +of the work of every archaeological society to extract from all available +deeds, relating to its own district, whatever useful history they may +contain. + +Every countryside, every village and every town becomes a more +interesting place to its inhabitants, when its history is known. The +names of persons and places become intelligible, dates and letters on +buildings can be accounted for, disused bridle roads and paths can be +traced, the heraldry of the stained glass in the church and of the +tombstones in the churchyard can be read with understanding, local +genealogies can be extended and long cherished family traditions can +often be verified or explained. + +It is therefore of importance that whenever these ancient writings make +their appearance, there should be some person or association of persons +ready and willing to examine them, not only with the object of extracting +any local history they may contain, but also of recording it in a form +suitable for future reference. + + T. WALTER HALL. + +[Illustration: _Photo Ethel Eadon_ + +Before 1290. =Charter= of Jordan de Pickeburne. (Brodsworth near +Doncaster)] + + + + +The Brooke Taylor Collection. + + +I + +13th century. Prior to the statute _Quia Emptores_, 18 Edw I (1290). +=Charter= (Lat) confirming a grant from Jordan son of Thomas de +Pickeburne to Gilbert Cook of Rickehale, for a certain sum of money, +which he gave to the grantor by hand as a fine (_in gersumma_), of one +acre of land and a half, with the appurtenances, in the north field of +Pickeburne at the green hill, lying between the proper land of the +grantor on the one part and land which Jordan Wlm' formerly held on the +other part; of which one end butted upon the field of Hanepol and the +other end on land of Sir Marmeduke Darel; and also a plot of meadow +ground in the meadows of Pickeburne; to wit, it lay in length and in +breadth one rod and three quarters, between the meadow of the fee of +Rockelay and the meadow of Robert Knouys, of which one end butted upon +the south cave (_antrum australe_) and the other end upon the north cave +(_antrum boreale_); to hold and to have of the grantor and his heirs to +the said Gilbert and his heirs or whomsoever; and howsoever and +whatsoever time he should wish to give, to bequeath, to assign or to +sell, in fee and inheritance free quietly peacefully and entirely; with +all rights of common, easements, liberties and appurtenances, without +reservation; paying thenceforth annually to the grantor and his heirs one +halfpenny of silver on the day of saint John the baptist, for all secular +services, exactions, taxes, suits of court and demands; warranty of title +etc. =Witnesses=: Helias de Scauceby, Thomas his son, Henry of the same +place, William Joye of Pickeburne, Hugh son of Beatrice, Thomas Fossard +of the same place (_sic_), William de Fonte. =Vellum=: one skin 6A1/2 A-- +4, seal missing. =Notes=: this interesting charter, of which a +photographic reproduction is given as a frontispiece, is in perfect +condition, except that the seal is missing. It is a subinfeudation of +lands in the township of Pickburn-with-Brodsworth, in the parish of +Brodsworth and wapentake of Strafforth, four miles north-west of +Doncaster; for which Gilbert Cook paid a gersuma or fine to Jordan de +Pickburn. In the reign of Edward the confessor, Pickburn was part of the +lands of Alsie the Saxon lord; but after the conquest it was held by +Nigel Fossard under the earl of Morton, who accompanied William from +Normandy in his successful invasion of England. The earl subsequently +forfeited his English possessions and Nigel Fossard, his subinfeudatory, +came to be acknowledged tenant of the crown. Gilbert Cook may have been +descended from Alberus de Coci (Cook), who after the conquest held +Hickleton and part of Cadeby. No trace of Rickehale can be found. Jordan +Wlm' is clearly written, probably it is a contraction of Woolmer? + +Hanepol is mentioned in Domesday, it was a manor before the conquest, +belonging to Swein. The modern name is Hampole and it lies about two +miles north of Pickburn. + +Sir Marmeduke Darel was living 31 Hen III (1247), in which year he had a +charter of free warren at Brodsworth. The Darels got Brodsworth from the +de Buslis; they continued in possession from the beginning of the 13th to +the beginning of the 16th century; the last of the Darels being Sir +Thomas, who died without issue 23rd November 1505; see aEurooeSouth Yorkshire" +vol I, page 315. + +The fee of Rockley was in Worsborough and this land near Pickburn must +have adjoined part of that fee. The Rockleys were settled in Worsborough +at the time of the conquest and continued in undisturbed possession until +the civil wars. Knouys may in later times have been Knovis. Scauceby +now Scawsby, lies two miles south-east of Pickburn. It appears to have +been a more important place in Saxon times than it is to-day. It is +mentioned in Domesday as Scalchebi. Helias may mean Ellis. The surname +Joye has a small i for the initial letter. + +Nigel Fossard above mentioned was, after the death of the earl of Morton, +one of several landowners in the deanery of Doncaster who held direct +from the crown; his fee included lands at Brodsworth and he also had a +house at Doncaster; but his baronial seat was Mulgrave Castle in north +Yorkshire. + +William de Fonte was probably the prior of Ecclesfield, which priory +belonged at the date of this charter to the abbey of Fontenelle or saint +Wandrille in Normandy. + +Probably William de Fonte engrossed this charter and added his name as +the last witness, which was a common practice of monks and scriveners. + +Judith, niece of William I and wife of earl Waltheof lord of Hallam, +placed a colony of monks from Fontenelle at Ecclesfield; probably in the +11th century, as she was married in 1070; see "Archaeologia" vol 26, page +352. From charter-evidence it is certain that the priory was in existence +in 1141. From this it may be assumed that this beautifully written +charter had its origin in Ecclesfield priory, and was taken by prior +William to Pickburn, where the other witnesses would meet, to see +possession of the land given and the grant confirmed by deed. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + (i) + THOMAS DE PICKEBURNE = ...... + a", + JORDAN + both living shortly before 1290 + + (ii) + HELIAS DE SCAUCEBY = ...... + a", + THOMAS + both living shortly before 1290 + + +II + +13th century. Prior to the statute _Quia Emptores_, 18 Edw I (1290). +=Charter= (Lat) confirming a grant from William de Mertone to Henry son +of Roger Palmer, of one toft in the town of Mertone and two acres of his +land; that toft and those acres which Roger his son formerly held of him +to the end of all things; to wit, the said Roger the said land either +held or retained, for homage and services; to have and to hold to him and +his heirs or assigns, from him (the grantor) or his heirs, freely quietly +and entirely, with all liberties and easements, so much land in the town +of Mertone, with the appurtenances; paying thenceforth annually himself +or his heirs or assigns to him (the grantor) and his heirs, one pound of +cummin at the feast of saint Michael the archangel, for all services +exactions and demands; and he William and his heirs, the said land, with +the appurtenances, to the said Henry and his heirs or assigns, against +all men and women, did warrant for ever. =Witnesses=: Richard de +Thorintone, Adam de Pultone, James de Poltone (_sic_), Henry de +Karletone, Roger son of John de (?)aynol, Emery (_Aumaricus_) de +Lekamtone and others. =Vellum=: one skin 6A1/2 A-- 3, portion of a green +seal, obscure. =Notes=: the form of the deed necessitates a date prior to +18 Edw I; and it is only by the names of the persons mentioned in the +charter that the approximate date can be fixed. Mertone is an early form +of Marton or Markeaton, two miles north-west of Derby, Richard le Palmer +was a witness to a lease of a house in Markton (Markeaton) temp Edw I, +see Jeayes "Derbyshire Charters", number 1651, page 205. The words "about +1275" are written on the back of the charter, in a hand of later date. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + ROGER PALMER = ...... + a", + HENRY + both living shortly before 1290 + + +III + +=1310= Monday next before the feast of All Saints (1st November). +=Charter= (Lat), dated at Kenworthey, confirming a grant from William +Nolbildon (?) and Margery his wife to William de Baggyleigh and his +heirs, of one messuage and five acres of land, with the appurtenances, in +Norworthen and Kenworthey, without any reservation; to have and to +hold to him and his heirs, of the chief lord of the fee, by services +thenceforth owing and accustomed; freely quietly well and in peace, with +all liberties and easements to the said land, in the town of Norworthen +and Kenworthey howsoever described; they, the said William and Margery +and their heirs, all the lands aforesaid with the messuage aforesaid and +with all their appurtenances, situated as before written, to the said +William (Baggyleigh) and his heirs and assigns, against all men did +warrant and defend. =Witnesses=: Robert de Masey of Sale, Robert de +Tatton, Richard de Kogworth, Richard de Brounehul, Roger de +Kenworthey, Robert del Cley (?) clerk. =Vellum=: one skin 8A1/2 A-- +2A1/4, two seals missing. =Notes=: this is a grant of land in Northenden +in the hundred of Macclesfield, Cheshire. It is on the south bank of the +river Mersey, seven miles south of Manchester. Withenshaw Hall is the +ancient family seat of the Tattons, who were lords of the manor. See +OrmrodaEuro(TM)s aEurooeHistory of Cheshire" volume iii, pages 604 to 611. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + WILLIAM NOLBILDON = MARGERY + both living 1 Nov 1310 + + +IV + +=1332= Tuesday in the feast of the translation of saint Dunstan (7th +September). =Quitclaim= (Lat), dated at Kenworthey, from Emma daughter +of Richard de Macworth to Sir William de Baggelegh knight and his heirs, +of all her right and claim in all lands or tenements, with their +appurtenances, which she had of the gift and testament (?) of Roger del +Tatton (?) in Kenworthey in the town of Nortworhthey (_sic_) with +the annual rent for the said lands. =Witnesses=: Roger le Masey of Sale, +John de Carmarthon, William de Tatton, Thomas del Brome, Adam Lobias. +=Vellum=: one skin 8 A-- 3, seal missing. =Notes=: the writing is much +faded in places. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + RICHARD DE MACWORTH = ...... + a", + EMMA + living 7 Sep 1332 + + +V + +=1353= Sunday next after the feast of saint Adelmus the confessor (25th +May). =Agreement= (Lat), dated at Northworthyn between William de +Tatton of the one part and Robert his son of the other part: to wit, that +the said William as witness (_superstes_) gave and granted for all his +life to the said Robert his heirs and assigns, all his messuages lands +and tenements, rents and services, which he had etc in the town of +Nortworthyn Kenworthey and Wythynschagh, with all their +appurtenances, except so much of those lands and tenements which Thomas +Medock the miller (?) held from the said William for a term of years, in +the town of Nortworthyn, with the appurtenances; to have and to hold +to the said Robert his heirs and assigns freely quietly etc, for all the +life of the said William; of the chief lord of that fee, for services +thenceforth due and of right accustomed; provided that the said Robert +should maintain and order for the said William, during the life of +himself William, suitable and sufficient sustenance; and if it happen +that the said Robert, during the life of the said William his father, +should die, the said William agreed (?) that all the said lands and +tenements rents and services, with the appurtenances, for the time of the +life of him, to him should return revert and remain, except those lands +and tenements in Wythynshagh, with the appurtenances; to wit, those +tenements which the said William first held, which lands and tenements +with the appurtenances, the said William granted and gave, which during +the life of himself William would remain in the possession of Sybil wife +of the said Robert and her relations, for their maintenance. =Witnesses=: +William de Hynckley parson of the church of Nortworthyn, Richard de +Baggelegh, Richard de Brom, William son of Richard de Tatton, John son of +Roger (?) de Kenworthey. =Vellum=: one skin 9 A-- 3A1/2, seal missing. + +=Genealogies deduced.= + + (i) + WILLIAM DE TATTON = ...... + | + -------- + | + ROBERT = SYBIL + all living 25 May 1353 + + (ii) + RICHARD DE TATTON = ...... + | + WILLIAM + both living 25 May 1353 + + (iii) + ROGER DE KENWORTHEY = ...... + | + JOHN + both living 25 May 1353 + + +VI + +=(1391)= Sunday next before the feast of saint Martin in winter (11th +November), in the 15th year of Richard II. =Charter= (Lat) dated at +Wythinschawe, confirming a grant from Robert de Tatton senior to John son +of Robert de Legh and John de Rossyndale chaplain, of all his messuages +lands and tenements with the appurtenances, in Wythinschawe in the town +of Kenworthey, which Margaret, who was the wife of Robert de Tatton +junior, Robert Dukhard (?) parson of the church of Northdene, Richard del +Brome and William de Kenworthey held from the grant of him (Robert de +Tatton senior), for the term of his life, in the town aforesaid, to have +and to hold all the said messuages lands and tenements, with all lands +houses meadows feedings and pastures and other their appurtenances; and +also with forty three shillings and four pence annually, at the feast of +the nativity of saint John the baptist, and saint Martin the bishop, by +equal portions; for the said Margaret, Robert Dukhard (?) Richard and +William, during his (the said Robert de Tatton senior) life, in advance, +freely quietly well and in peace, with all profits liberties turbaries +common of pasture and other easements to the said lands and tenements +wheresoever, belonging and in the said town existing and to the same, of +whatsoever manner, to be firmly held: of the chief lord of that fee, for +services thenceforth owing and of right accustomed; warranty of title +etc. =Witnesses=: Peter de Legh then steward of Macclesfeld, William de +Legh chevalier, John de Honford (?), Richard de Brome, William de Ken'. +=Vellum=: one skin 9A1/2 A-- 3A1/4, seal missing. + +=Genealogies deduced.= + + (i) + ROBERT DE TATTON = ...... + senior | + | + ---------- + | + ROBERT = MARGARET + junior + all living 11 Nov 1391 + + (ii) + ROBERT DE LEGH = ...... + | + JOHN + both living 11 Nov 1391 + + +VII + +=1399= May 15th. =Deed of covenant= (Lat) given at Lancaster Castle and +made between John Gaunte duke of Lancaster fourth son of King Edward the +third and Edward Mundy of Marton in the county of Derby knight; whereby, +after reciting a visit of John Gaunte to Highe Frith in the parish of +Alstonefield in the county of Stafford, on the 10th May 1399, for the +purpose of hawking; the said John Gaunt (_sic_) gave and delivered to the +said Edward Mundy, a piece of land, to which the said John Gaunt gave the +name of Hawkesyerd otherwise Hawksearth. The boundaries of the land are +given in detail and also the names of some of the fields and the +adjoining farms and grouse moors. =Witnesses=: William Stanley gent, John +Porter gent, James Lewis gent, Wi'm Stanley gent, Thos Mundy gent, John +Thornicroft attorney. =Vellum=: one skin 15 A-- 8A1/2, round seal of green +wax, 3A1/2 inches diameter and an inch thick. See appendix and +photographic reproductions. + + +VIII + +(=1414=) Sunday next after the feast of Thomas the apostle (21st +December), in the 2nd year of the reign of Henry V. =Charter= (Lat) +confirming a grant from John Marreys son of Walter Marreys of Rostlastone +to Thomas Gresley knight, William Babyngtone, John Abell of Caldewall +and William Ward of Coton their heirs and assigns, of all his lands and +tenements rents reversions possessions and services, with their +appurtenances, which he had or in the future might have in the town and +territories of Rostlastone and Lynton or elsewhere in the county of +Derby, without reservation; to have and to hold all the said lands +tenements etc to the said Thomas, William, John Abell and William their +heirs and assigns freely quietly well and in peace for ever; of the chief +lord of that fee, for services etc; warranty of title. =Witnesses=: Roger +de Hortone lord of Catton, John Dethek of Neuhall, John Abell of +Stapenhull, John Lathebury de Newtone Suluy, Robert Thirmot of +Lyntone. =Vellum=: one skin 10A1/2 A-- 4A1/2, seal missing. =Notes=: +Rostlastone now Rosliston is a parish in the hundred of Repton county +Derby, four miles south-west of Burton-on-Trent; Cauldwell, +Coton-in-the-elms, Catton-on-Trent, Linton, Newton-Solney and Gresley are +close by and lie near the confluence of the Dove and the Trent. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + WALTER MARREYS = ...... + of Rostlastone a", + a", + JOHN + both living 21 Dec 1414 + + +IX + +(=1414-15=) Sunday in the feast of the purification of the blessed Mary +(2nd February), in the 2nd year of Henry V. =Deed of exchange= (Lat) +dated at Kenworthy and made between William de Tatton of the one part and +William le Hunte and Margaret his wife of the other part; whereby the +said William de Tatton ... demised and by that then present indenture +confirmed to William le Hunte and Margaret his wife and their heirs for +ever, a certain parcel of land lying in Kenworthy called Lamputtes, in +exchange for another parcel of land lying near the house of William de +Tatton called Ruyssihey; to have and to hold the said parcel of land +called Lamputtes to the said William le Hunte and Margaret his wife and +their heirs for ever, making to the chief lord services etc; warranty of +title. =Witnesses=: Thomas de Legh of Bagulegh, Roger le Massy of Sale, +Robert de Hull'. =Vellum=: one skin 11A1/2 A-- 3A1/2, seal missing. +=Notes=: this deed is indented and possibly the other part contained a +grant or demise of Ruyssihey or Rushyhey to William de Tatton completing +the exchange. In this deed the words of grant are illegible except +aEurooedemise"; and the deed only effects one part of the exchange. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + WILLIAM LE HUNTE = MARGARET + both living 2 Feb 1414-15 + + +X + +(=1425-6=) in the feast of saint Vincent martyr (22nd January), in the +4th year of Henry VI. =Release and quitclaim= (Lat), dated at Over +Haddon, from William de Brodehurst, son of William de Brodehurst, of Over +Haddon to John Brodehurst his brother his heirs and assigns; of all right +and claim of right which he had, in one messuage and eighteen acres of +land, with the appurtenances, lying in the said town and fields of Over +Haddon, which same messuage and eighteen acres of land, with the +appurtenances, the said John his brother had from the gift and grant of +Cecilie their mother by a certain charter etc. =Witnesses=: John de +Farefeld (?) of Over Haddon, John ... of the same town, John de Gyte, +Nicholas Pygges (?), Thomas de ... =Vellum=: one skin 10 A-- 3A1/2, seal +missing. =Notes=: this deed is in bad condition and the writing is much +faded, many words and sentences being illegible; but the general outline +and date are clear and doubtful names are indicated in the above +abstract. One of the witnesses John de Gyte of Over Haddon is mentioned +as purchaser of land in Over Bondsale 3 Hen VI (1424), in a grant +abstracted in Jeayes" "Derbyshire Charters" No 317. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + WILLIAM DE BRODEHURST = CECILIA + | + ------------------ + | | + WILLIAM of JOHN + Over Haddon + all living except perhaps Cecilia 22 Jan 1425-6 + + +XI + +(=1426=) November 6th, in the 5th year of Henry VI. =Letter of attorney= +(Lat), dated at Ouerhaddon, from Richard son of John Walker of Ouerhaddon +to William de Brodhirst senior and John his son, to give seisin to +William de Brodhirst junior and Margorie his wife, in one messuage and +xxvi acres of land and meadow, with the appurtenances, in Ouerhaddon, +following the form and effect of a certain charter of the said John +Walker to the same William de Brodhirst junior and Margorie. =Vellum=: +one skin 12 A-- 1A1/2 seal missing. + +=Genealogies deduced.= + + (i) + JOHN WALKER = ...... + of Ouerhaddon | + | + RICHARD + both living 6 Nov 1426 + + (ii) + WILLIAM BRODHIRST = ...... + senior | + | + -------------- + | | + JOHN WILLIAM = MARGORIE + junior + all living 6 Nov 1426 + + +XII + +(=1565=) July 12th, in the 7th year of Elizabeth. =Award= (Engl) of +Gregorye Reyvell of Stanyngton, Robert Hawksworthe of Thornsett, +Phyllyppe Morton of Ughyll and Thomas Greyve of Westnall in the countye +of Yorke yomen. Reciting that where certayn debate contraversye and +varyance then of late had been dependynge betwene Henry Gelat of +Wygtuysle in the countye of Yorke yoman of the one partye and Henry +Morton and Henry Ibotson of the same Wygtuysle in the same countye yomen +of the other partye, and especyally of for and concernynge the +occupacion of certayne Byredole lands in Wygtuyslee afforsayd, in so +muche as bothe the sayd partyes had submytted them selffs to stand to and +adyde obserue performe fullfyll and kepe the award arbytrament order rule +dome and judgement of them the sayd Gregorye Reyvell etc arbytratourers +indefferently electe and chosen betwene the sayd partyes to arbytrate +award etc, of in for and uppon almanner of matters accyons suyts grudges +trespasse quarrells detts and demaunds what so euer they be had moved +styrred and in any wyse dependynge betwene the sayd partyes, frome ye +begynynge of the worlde unto the day of makynge heroff for the +pacyffyenge wheroff they the sayd arbytratourors had takyn uppon them the +offyce and aucthoryte of arbytrament at Wygtuysle affor sayd and then and +there awarded etc, in manner and form foloynge; Fyrste, we award etc, +that the sayd partyes shall frome hencefurthe be faythefull lovers and +friends and deale as lovynge nebors ought to do; also we award etc, that +the sayd Henry Morton and hys heyrs shall at all times herafter haue hold +occupye and enyoye one parcell of wodd ground wch he haythe heretofore +claymed, set lyenge and beynge in a place called the nether croft and +commonly called the cloyghe without let trouble or ympedyment of the sayd +Henry Gelot and hys heyrs etc; and further we award etc that the sayd +Henry Gelot and his heyrs shall at all tymes herafter haue hold occupye +and enyoye one parcell of land lyenge in the nether end of one close +called the hallowes, as yt ys now devyded and meared by hus, without +vexacion let trouble or ympedyment of the sayd Henry Morton and Henry +Ibotson and ther heyrs etc; and further that all other mears and balks +shall at all tymes herafter be kept and used contenually as they be now +appoynted by hus; and further we award that bothe the sayd partyes at all +tymes herafter in tyme of mast shall gether all the mast that shall fall +frome ther own trees, where so euer the same shall fortune to fall, +without let etc, and that all swyne of bothe partyes in mast tyme shall +have all ther swyne to go at libertye throughe out all the byredole +lands, belongynge to the Town of Wygtuysle without lett or harme. +=Vellum=: one skin 13 A-- 7, seals missing. =Notes=: the deed is indented, +there are no witnesses. Mast is the fruit of beech and forest trees, food +for swine. + + +XIII + +=1568= October 24th, in the 10th year of Elizabeth. =Grant= (Engl) made +between Vincent Munday of Marketon in the county of Derby esquire and +Edward Mundy (_sic_) gentleman, son and heir apparent of the said +Vincent, of the one part and John Weston of Mackworth in the county +aforesaid gentlemen of the other part; whereby the aforesaid Vincent and +Edward, for and in consideration of the sum of three hundred pounds paid +to the said Vincent and Edward by the said John Weston, delivered gave +granted sold bargained released and confirmed to the said John Weston and +his heirs executors and administrators, all that messuage or tenement, +with the appurtenances, situate lying and being in The Highe Frith +within the parish of Alstonefield in the county of Stafford and being +part parcel and member of the manor of Alstonefield aforesaid and +thereafter named; following and more at large expressed; to wit all that +messuage farm or tenement called Hawkesyarde or otherwise Hawkesearthe, +then in the tenure or occupation of Raphe Bradburye and Maud his wife: +then follows a full description of the outbuildings lands etc, with +extracts from the deed of covenant of the 15th May 1399 hereinbefore +abstracted and a full copy of which grant is given in the appendix +hereto. =Witnesses=: John Walker, Thomas Mundye gent, Thomas Brunt, John +Oakes yeoman and Thomas Mundy. =Vellum=: one skin 16 A-- 12, two round +seals of yellow wax, each 1A1/2 inches in diameter and bearing a cross +flory, probably not armorial. =Notes=: photographic reproductions of this +deed and the two seals are given in the appendix. There is a memorandum +endorsed recording the giving of possession on the 24th November in the +10th year of Elizabeth in the presence of the same witnesses, except John +Walker. + +=Genealogy deduced.= + + VINCENT MUNDAY = ...... + of Marketon a", + co Derby a", + esquire a", + a", + EDWARD + s & h ap gent + both living 24 Oct 1568 + + +XIV + +(=1625=) July 25th, in the 1st year of Charles I. =Deed of covenant= +(Engl) made between John Ibotson of Wigtwisle in the county of York +clerke on the first partye, William Ibotson of Nether Combes in the said +county yeoman on the second partye and Richard Ibotson of Worral in the +said county yeoman on the third partye; witnessed that the said John +Ibotson for divers good causes and considerations him moving did covenant +grant conclude and agree to and with the said William Ibotson and his +heirs by those presents, that he the said John Ibotson should and would +before the feast day of saint Michael the archangell, then next ensuing +the date thereof, by his deed of feoffment, by him to be sealed and +delivered and with "liverye of seizen" lawfully executed give grant +enfeoffe and confirm unto the said William Ibotson and his heirs for +ever; all that messuage or tenement in Wiggtwisle (_sic_) aforesaid, +which was sometime the tenement of one Henry Morton deceased; and all +houses buildings lands tenements meddowes pastures woods under-woods +commons comodityes and hereditaments of him the said John Ibotson in +Wiggtwisle aforesaid, whichever were the lands tenements and +hereditaments of the said Henry Morton in Wiggtwisle aforesaid, with all +their appurtenances whatsoever; to the only use and behoofe of the said +William Ibotson and of his heirs for ever; to the end that the said +William Ibotson might be adjudged and taken to be perfect tenant of the +freehold of all the said messuage and other the said premises, until a +perfect recovery might be had and executed of all the said premises +against him the said William Ibotson; and it was also covenanted and +agreed by and between all the said partyes to those presents that a writt +of entery _sur disseisen in le post_ should be brought for the said +premises, at the cost and charge of the said John Ibotson, in the name of +the said Richard Ibotson, against the said William Ibotson; by the name +or names of one messuage one garden one orchard an hundred acres of land +thirty acres of meddowe twenty acres of pasture four acres of wood and +forty acres of more (moor), with thappurtenances, in Wiggtwisle alias +Wyghtwysill Bradfeild; or by such the name or names as to the said +John Ibotson should be thought meet and convenient, according to the use +of common recoveries in such case used; and that the said William Ibotson +should vouch to warrant the said John Ibotson who should enter into the +said warranty and vouch over the common vouchee, who should appear and +make default; also that a perfect recovery may be had and judgement +thereupon given, in his MajestyaEuro(TM)s court of common plees at Westminster, +against the said William Ibotson who should recover in value, against the +said John Ibotson and the common vouchee, to be in mercye; and it was +likewise further covenanted etc by and between all the said parties, that +after the execution thereof of the said recovery, the same should be and +enure, and the feoffee named in the said feoffment and recoverer named in +the said recovery, should at and ever after the executing of the said +feoffment and at and ever after the said recovery, soe had as aforesaid, +stand and be seized of the said messuage etc; to the only use and behoof +of the said John Ibotson and of his heirs and assigns for ever, and to +noe other use intent or purpose whatsover. =Witnesses=: Richard Ibotson, +Will' Woodson, John Potter. =Vellum=: one skin 21 A-- 10, three seals +obscure. =Notes=: John Ibotson signed, the other two were marksmen. It is +interesting to note that Wyghtwysill is given as the _alias_ for +Wiggtwisle. According to Hunter, John was the son of Henry Ibotson of +Wightwisle and Mary Morton daughter of Henry Morton of Wightwisle, +referred to in this deed. John is said to have had a living in Norfolk. +His eldest daughter Mary married Christopher Wilson of Broomhead. William +and Richard Ibotson were probably related to John whose grandson Charles +Wilson was vicar of Sheffield. See F.M.G. vol II, page 650. + + +XV + +=1625= July 30th, in the 1st year of Charles I. =Feoffment= (Lat) from +John Ibotson of Wigtwisle in the county of York clerk to William Ibotson +of Nether Coombes in the said county of York yeoman and his heirs for +ever, of all that his messuage or tenement in Wigtwisle aforesaid, which +then formerly was the tenement of Henry Morton, then deceased; and all +his outhouses and buildings gardens orchards lands tenements meadows +pastures woods underwoods rights of common profits and hereditaments in +Wigtwisle aforesaid, with their appurtenances; to holdun to and to the +use of the said William Ibotson his heirs and assigns for ever, of the +chief lord etc, by services etc; warranty of title. =Witnesses=: Henry +Ibotson, William Wodson (the tenant), John P.... =Vellum=: one skin 12 A-- +5A1/2, round seal of red wax bears a dolphin, probably not armorial. +=Notes=: there is a good signature of "John Ibotsone." + + +XVI + +=1633= May 13th, in the 9th year of Charles I. =Grant= (Engl) made +between John Ibotson of Wigtwisle in the county of York clerk of the one +part and Christopher Willson of Wigtwisle in the said county yeoman of +the other part; whereby the said John Ibotson, for and in exchange with +the said Christopher Willson granted etc unto the said Christopher +Willson his heirs and assigns for ever, one way for passage with drift +cart and carriage then or theretofore used and accustomed, unto and from +a messuage or tenement at Wigtwisle aforesaid then in the occupation of +William Odeson, through a close of him, the said Christopher Willson, +called the Walls and thence into and from the nether croft, belonging to +the said messuage or tenement; to hold the abovesaid way etc, and all the +right interest and demand of him the said John Ibotson thereto unto and +to the use the said Christopher Willson his heirs and assigns for ever; +warranty of title etc; and the said Christopher Willson in lieu and +exchange of the above etc, granted etc unto the said John Ibotson his +heirs and assigns for ever, one like way etc henceforth and for ever +thereafter to be used, unto and from the said messuage, then in the +occupation of the said William Odeson, to and from the nether crofts, lee +and nether hollin carr, belonging to the said messuage, by and "thorow" +the fouldstead of the said Christopher Willson on the south side of his +house at Wigtwisle aforesaid and from thence "thorow" the nether yeard +and so to and from the three closes last above mentioned; to hold unto +and to the use of him the said John Ibotson his heirs and assigns for +ever; warranty of title etc. =Witnesses=: William Garlicke, William +Odeson. =Vellum=: one skin 10A1/2 A-- 9A1/2, seal missing. =Notes=: both +Christopher Willson and William Garlicke, the witness, were sons-in-law +of John Ibotson, see Hunter's F.M.G. vol II, page 652. The word Wigtwisle +when used to describe the residence of Christopher Willson has been +written on an erasure. + +[Illustration: Map of Hawksyard and The Moorlands of Staffordshire.] + + + + +APPENDIX. + +Reprint from _Transactions_ of The Hunter Archaeological Society. + +HAWKSYARD. + +BY T. WALTER HALL, Hon. M.A. (SHEFFIELD), F.R.Hist.S. + + +Place-names, obvious in their meaning but suggesting a remote origin and +a forgotten past, attract the historian, if not the philologist. + +Hawksyard is one of these; its import is Hawksland but its history lies +hidden in the records of past centuries; it excites our curiosity and +quickens our imagination. + +We instinctively recall scenes of English sport in bygone days; of kings +and nobles, knights and ladies, riding across the unfenced country; over +moorland and waste, through fen and ford, with hooded falcon and stooping +hawk, enjoying what was for nearly a thousand years the national sport of +England. + +Such a scene was brought to mind by the perusal of two musty parchments +with imposing seals and faded script, quarried from the lower _strata_ of +time-worn muniments, in the office of Colonel Brooke Taylor of Bakewell. + +The earlier of these deeds takes us back to the death of John of Gaunt +and the resignation of Richard II in the closing year of the 14th +century; the later one was sealed and delivered in the less tragic days +of Queen Elizabeth. + +They both relate to Hawksyard, situate in that part of The Moorlands of +Staffordshire known in the middle ages as Highe Frith of Malbanc Forest; +south of Buxton and east of the church at Newtown near Longnor. + +The deed of John of Gaunt bears date the 15th May 1399, in bold Arabic +numerals; it is written in a jargon intended to be Latin and measures 15 +A-- 8A1/2 inches; its round pendent seal of green wax has a diameter of +three and a half inches and is nearly an inch thick. The parchment is +dark in colour, coarse in texture and much crinkled; the writing is not +uniform in character, parts being in a flowing hand suggesting a date +long subsequent to the Plantagenets. The deed begins with the word +_Conventum_, meaning a covenant or agreement under seal; but, from the +concluding paragraph, it was evidently intended to operate as a deed of +gift or grant in fee simple of the lands called Hawksyard. + +[Illustration: _Photo Ethel Eadon_ + +1399 May 15th. =Deed of Covenant=, John of Gaunt to Sir Edward Mundy.] + +The following is a transcript with the contractions indicated but not +extended:-- + + Conventum inter Johan' Gaunte Duc' Lancast' quart' fillius + Regy' Edvardi tert' et Edvardum Mundy de Marton in Comitatu + Derb' equit' Joh'es Ga'nt Dux Lancast' p'mittebat Domin' + Edvard' Mundy visere ap'd Marton in Comitat' Derb' p'd q' + pariter prestabat Et etiam Dominus Edvardus Mundy iterfaciebat + Duc' Lancast' Comitibusq' ejus in Highe Frith parochia + Allstonefield Comitatu Staffordiae Cum in eum locum pase (?) + publice p'venirent qui nuncupatur Lady Edge cujus defugabant + (?) excitabant Gallos palust' ad quos illico accipitres + evertebant apud quos accipitres fuga petebant int' illos + Limites ut posthac mention's siant hoc Termino qui expositus + erat Avibus volantibus ultro citroq' ad viam publica' qua + abduit ab Longnor ad Leeke al' parte circunt quo accipitres + pred'am apprehendebant parte juxta mediam circuituo juxta + convallem Orient' Decim' Die May' Ann' Dom' 1399 Quamobre' + Joh'es Gaunt ei dabat Titulu' nomenq' Hawkesyerd alias + Hawksearth propter pred'a apprehensa' inter Limit' qui posthac + mentionem fit qui non antehac nuncupabatur ... Aliquae pauce + Fundi Partes que posthac mentione' fiunt Viz' alia pars Fundi + nuncupatur Harrisons Intake al' pars Fundi nuncupat' + House-Fielde quo parva vel Domus stabat al' pars Fundi nuncup' + Little Meadow quae ex part' meridional' inter jacet Locu' + nuncup' Boothesley Grange al' pars Fundi nuncup' Spart (? + Spout) Meadow fluvio adjacans erga Occidentam al' pars Fund' + nuncupat' Killn Croffte fluvio adjac' erga Occidente' al' pars + Fund' nuncup' Spart (?) al' pars Fundi nuncupat' Rye Pingle + erga Occidentem sequia secale illo p'senti anno Cresscebat + Limes Hawksyerd alias Hawksearth jacens positusq' in Highe + Frith Parochia Allstonefield Comitatuq' Staffordie exposit + Johan' Gaunt Duc' Lancast' p'd' inter tales Metas qual' posthac + mentione' fiunt attin' illi soli Domo predi'oq' nuncup' + Hawksyerd alias Hawksearth p'd ubi est convallis oriental' ejus + part' Fluviusq' Curans erga merediem juxta Fluvium int' ilium + et Locum nuncup' Banke aut al' Over boothesley Etiam parte + meridional' convallus ... et Fluvius currens erga Orient' juxta + Fluviu' int' illu' Locumq' nuncup' Bauthsley (_sic_) Grange + illaq' ascendit part' meridional' Funi qui nuncup' Rye Pingle + quia jacet erga Occident' et setendit directe ad fugum q'd + nuncup' Lady Edge jacens positusq' in Highe Frith Parochia + Allstonefield Comitatuq' Stafford' et tunc transjugu' q'd est + erga septentrionem directe ad viam publica' quae abducit ab + Longnor ad Leeke Etiamq' publica' juxta via' erga Orient' usq' + du' directe p'venit ad Convalla' Termino Orientali Tractus + praedi'i expositus primo Ann' Regni Regis Henrici Quart' + assignabat Limat vel Expellere includere vel admittere ad Sol' + proprium usu' Comodumq' illius Domus predi'iq' nuncu'q' + Hawksyerd al' Hawksearth p'd etiam Libertinuanu' publi' pascu' + jusque effodiendi Cespites p' Desertu' Domin' Allstonefield + Dom' Edvardus Mundy de Marton in comitat' Derby (_sic_) p'd' + favore unum suplicabat Joh'es Gaunt Du' Lancastriae quem + dicebat consideret Si illi esset postestas Dom' Edvardus ilium + orabat et ei daret predi'u' nuncup' Hawksyerd alias Hawksearth + p'd' Et Joh'es Gaunt libere Largiebatur et concedebat illi et + posteris in Aeturnu' Dom' Edvardus Mundy profesiebatur Joh'e + Gaunt Comitibusq' eum visere apud Castrum Lancast' quo Joh'es + Gaunt sigillabat Subscribebat et in potestatem Domin' Edvardi + Mundy Premis' tot' tradebat decimo quint' Die May Anno D'm' + 1399 coram William Stanley Gent John Porter Gent' James Lewis + Gent' Wi'm Stanley Gent' Tho's Mundy Gent' John Thornicroft + Attorney. + +It is not easy to give a true interpretation of this unconventional deed; +the operative part, which should be clear and precise, being vague and +inconclusive. The following is what may be accepted as a free translation +conveying a general idea of the purport and effect of the deed:-- + + An Agreement between John Gaunte duke of Lancaster, fourth son + of King Edward the third and Edward Mundy of Marton [Markeaton] + in the county of Derby knight. John Gaunt (_sic_) went himself + to visit Sir Edward Mundy at Marton in the county of Derby + aforesaid ... and Sir Edward Mundy made a journey with the duke + of Lancaster and his attendants into Highe Frith in the parish + of Alstonefield in the county of Stafford; when they arrived at + that piece of public ground [? the common or moorland waste of + the manor] which was called Lady Edge, from which moorcock + [both red and black grouse] were frequently driven away and + from whence hawks were let loose and flown within such + boundaries as were thereinafter mentioned, to this boundary + which was free and open for birds flying backwards and forwards + near the public road, which led from Longnor to Leek. In the + part of the circle in which the hawks took [the grouse] near + the middle circuit next the east clough, on the 10th day of May + 1399: for this reason John Gaunt gave it the title and name of + Hawksyerd otherwise Hawksearth, because of the game being taken + within its limits, thereinafter mentioned, which place was not + theretofore named, some other pieces of land, which after that + were made mention, to wit, part of a piece of land called + Harrisons Intake, part of a piece of land called House Fielde, + on which a small shed or house was standing, part of a piece of + land called Little Meadow, which on the south lay between a + place called Boothesley Grange and part of a piece of land + called Rye Meadow following the stream pointing west, part of a + piece of land called Killn Croffte adjoining the stream, thence + west, part of a piece of land called Spart (?) Meadow, part of + a piece of land called Rye Pingle, thence west following the + rye of that year then growing. The boundary of Hawksyard + otherwise Hawksearth, lying and being in Highe Frith in the + parish of Alstonefield in the county of Stafford set out by + John Gaunte duke of Lancaster aforesaid, between such bounds as + were thereinafter mentioned, were set out for that house only; + and the land called Hawksyerd otherwise Hawksearth aforesaid, + where there is a clough at the east end of it and a purling + stream, thence south following the stream between that and a + place called Banke or otherwise Over Boothesley; also on the + south side, a clough and stream ran, thence east next the + stream, between that place called Bauthsley (_sic_) Grange and + ascending on the south of the piece of land which is called Rye + Pingle, thence west leading direct to the high ridge which is + called Lady Edge, lying and being in Highe Frithe in the parish + of Alstonefield in the county of Stafford; and then across the + ridge which is north direct to the public road, which led from + Longnor to Leeke; and also along the public road thence east it + passed straight to the east end of the clough. The full extent + of the said land, in the 1st year of the reign of King Henry + IV, was marked out and set to limits either to expel, keep in + or admit, to the only proper use and advantage of that house + called Hawksyerd otherwise Hawksearth aforesaid; and also the + liberty to dig turf in the public meadow and wastes of the + lordship of Alstonefield. Sir Edward Mundy of Marton in the + county of Derby aforesaid prayed for one favour of John Gaunt + duke of Lancaster, which he [John] said he would consider if to + him it were possible. Sir Edward asked him and he [John] to him + gave the said place called Hawksyerd otherwise Hawksearth + aforesaid and John Gaunt did freely give and grant it to him + and his descendants forever. Sir Edward Mundy then went with + his attendants to John Gaunt to see him at Lancaster Castle + which [agreement] John Gaunt sealed and subscribed; and into + the control of Sir Edward Mundy, all the before mentioned was + handed over on the 15th day of May 1399 In the presence of + William Stanley Gent, John Porter Gent, James Lewis Gent, Wi'm + Stanley Gent, Thomas Mundy Gent, John Thornicroft Attorney. + +If this deed correctly records the facts, we must infer that John of +Gaunt owned lands in north Staffordshire between Longnor and Leek; and +that they probably formed part of the lands belonging to the duchy of +Lancaster. We learn that his friend Sir Edward Mundy of Markeaton, +twenty miles away to the south-east, invited the duke to visit him there; +a hawking party being arranged on the 10th May 1399 by Sir Edward for the +entertainment of his royal guest; one of the highest points of The +Moorlands, known as Lady Edge, nearly 1500 feet above the sea, where +grouse were always to be found, was selected as the trysting place. The +party would ride from Markeaton across the open country to Lady Edge, and +they appear to have had good sport. Probably John of Gaunt and his +friends from Markeaton watched the hawking from the top of Lady Edge and +the undulating land which lies between Lady Edge and Hawksyard, the +quarry being taken within a distance of half a mile to the north-east. So +pleased was the duke, that he honoured the place where the hawks took +their quarry by giving it the name of Hawksyard otherwise Hawksearth; a +place which before then was unnamed. The deed also states that before the +duke left Markeaton, Sir Edward asked him as a personal favour to give +Hawksyard to Sir Edward and that the duke promised to consider the +request. Apparently Sir Edward returned with the duke to Lancaster, as a +few days later the duke is stated to have sealed and subscribed this deed +at Lancaster Castle and delivered it into the hands of Sir Edward on the +15th May 1399. The metes and bounds are fully set forth in the deed, +which also records that the boundaries were marked out on the land in the +1st year of Henry IV. + +[Illustration: _Photo Ethel Eadon_ + +1568 October 24th. =Grant= from Vincent and Edward Munday to John +Weston.] + +The second deed bears date the 24th October 1568 written in the same bold +Arabic numerals as in the earlier deed; but the later deed is in English +and measures 16 A-- 12 inches, it has two round seals of yellow wax, each +of a diameter of one and a half inches; the impression on these seals +does not appear to be armorial but they both bear the same form of cross; +the parchment and make-up are in all respects similar to the deed of 1399 +and the signatures of Vincent Mundy and his son are written in the same +hand as the deed, which was not unusual in the 16th century. + + * * * * * + +The following is an abstract of the grant from Vincent Mundy and his son +Edward to John Weston. + + An Indenture made the 24th day of October, in the 10th year of + Elizabeth and in the year of the Lord 1568 Between Vincent + Munday of Marketon in the countye of Derbye esquire and Edward + Mundy (_sic_) gentleman, son and heir apparent of the said + Vincent, of the one part and John Weston of Mackworth in the + county aforesaid gentleman of the other part; whereby the + aforesaid Vincent and Edward, for and in consideration of the + sum of three hundred pounds of lawful money of England, to the + aforesaid Vincent and Edward in hand paid by the said John + Weston, whereof they confessed themselves to be fully + satisfied and paid and the said John Weston and his heirs + executors and administrators to be thereof acquitted and + discharged for ever by those presents; had delivered given + granted sold bargained released and by those present writings + confirmed to the aforesaid John Weston and his heirs executors + and administrators, all that their messuage or tenement, with + the appurtenances, situate lying and being in the Highe Frith + within the parish of Alstonefield in the county of Stafford; + and being part parcel and member of the mannor of Alstonefield + aforesaid and hereafter named, following and more at large + expressed; to wit, all that messuage farm or tenement called + Hawkesyarde or otherwise Hawkesearthe, then in the tenure or + occupation of Raphe Bradburye and Maud his wife; and also all + and singular houses outhouses cottages barns edifices buildings + orchards gardens meadows pastures lands and arable lands + commons woods underwoods, free liberties or commoninge and + turbarye throughout the waste of the aforesaid manor, + priviledges profits and commodities whatsoever, with all and + singular the appurtenances to the said messuage or tenement in + anywise lyeing appertaininge or belonginge; or any thing + standing or at any time theretofore accepted used occupied or + perceived, together with the said messuage or tenement or any + of them, by any tenant before named their prior tenants or as + part parcel and member of or as belonging to the said messuage + or tenement or by whatsoever name or names it was commonly + called or known, and all the estate etc; and moreover all rent + and yearly profits whatsoever, reserved on any demise grant or + copye of the premises, by any person or persons theretofore + made or committed; to have hold and enjoy the same to the said + John Weston his heirs executors administrators and assigns for + ever; and likewise priviledges profits and commodities + whatsoever, which John Gaunt the duke of Lancaster the fourth + son of King Edward the third did give and grant unto Sir Edward + Mundaye (_sic_) of Marketon in the county of Derby knight, the + compass set by him the said John Gaunt betwixt those marks as + were thereafter mentioned (that was to say) a clough at the + east end of the said premises and a pearle of water which runns + southewarde betwixt and a place called the Banke or otherwise + Over Boothesleye; also a clough and a water, which runns + eastward betwixt and a place which is called Boothesleye Grange + and so it goes up close bye the water side pointinge westwards + and so it goes up after the southe side of a piece of grounde + which is called the Rye Pingle, from thence streight up to the + top of the Hill which is called the Lady Edge, situate lyeinge + and beinge in the Highe Frithe within the parish of + Alstonefield aforesaid and countye of Stafforde aforesaid and + from thence streight to the Highe Road, that goes betwixt + Longenor and Leek, pointeinge northeward and so it goes down + bye the roade side untill it comes directlye against that + cloughe at the east end; withe free libertye to drive off + enclose or take inn, so farr as the compass aforementioned + extends; to the onlye proper use and behoofe of that one + messuage or farme called Hawkesyarde or otherwise Hawkesearthe + aforesaid, likewise free libertye of commoninge and turbarie + throughout the waste of the mannor of Alstonefield aforesaid; + and they did therefore deliver to the said John Weston his + heirs and assigns full and peaceable possession etc. The + witnesses were John Walker, Thomas Mundye gent, Thomas Brunt, + John Oakes yeoman and Thomas Mundy (_sic_); + +In this deed there is an evident desire on the part of the draftsman to +strengthen and even to extend the rights and privileges appurtenant to +the Hawksyard estate, which then included a house of considerable +importance, occupied by Ralph Bradbury and Maud his wife. Towards the end +of the deed a belated attempt at a recital of the earlier John of Gaunt +deed is added, with extracts giving the full description of the +boundaries; and this earlier deed is treated as the root of title to +Hawksyard. + +The question and the only question we have to consider is whether these +two deeds give us a true account of the origin and early history of the +place-name Hawksyard? At first sight it would appear that they do; but +unfortunately there is much in the earlier deed to arouse suspicion. It +is not that the story of John of GauntaEuro(TM)s visit to Highe Frith is +improbable, on the contrary he rebuilt and occupied Tutbury Castle twenty +miles away; nor is there any reason to think that in those days Sir +Edward Mundy would hesitate to ask the duke for a few acres of rough +moorland waste, as a memento of a red-letter day in the history of the +Mundy family. Perhaps such a request, under the circumstances, +constituted true politeness in the middle ages; or he may have wished to +commemorate the day by building a house on the land to bear the name +Hawksyard; but, however probable these surmises may be, there are many +things in this alleged deed of gift which suggest a date much later than +the reign of Richard II and cast a doubt as to its _bona fides_. + +In the first place it is obvious that the date 15th May 1399 cannot be +correct, as John of Gaunt died in January or February 1398; further the +deed states that the duke visited Highe Frith on the 10th May 1399, which +was impossible; and it is perhaps equally surprising to find that a deed, +dated in the reign of Richard II, should refer to the first year of +Henry IV, whose reign had not then begun and might never have occurred. + +These impossible dates require explanation, but our difficulties do not +end with dates; the writing in the John of Gaunt deed is not +characteristic of the period, it is not uniform throughout, the body of +the deed being written in characters of the rugged native script, the +names of the witnesses being added in a flowing Italian hand of the +Elizabethan period. Attention should also be called to the fact, that of +the five witnesses in whose presence the duke is said to have affixed his +seal, not one of them was above the rank of gentleman. The seal is +impressed with a hunting horn, suggestive of forest heraldry, but the +royal arms of the son of Edward III do not appear on this seal; and, if +the hunting horn is in its proper heraldic position, the point of the +shield is at the top. + +As above stated, the form of the deed is unusual and follows no +precedent; many words are more suggestive of the classics than the +customary usage of diplomatics in the 14th century. _Equitem_ takes the +place of the more conventional _militem_; _nuncupatur_ is used instead of +_vocat_ and _coram_ instead of _testibus_. Each of the first four +witnesses is described as gent and the last as attorney, while Derby is +written once in English; further, the exact legal effect of the deed +seems to be intentionally vague; it is headed _conventum_, meaning a +covenant, but in the subsequent deed of 1568 it is referred to as a +grant. The full description of the land in the later deed, with all its +boundaries and appurtenant rights, suggests that the Elizabethan +draftsman had some doubt as to the true facts; these details being +apparently exploited with some ulterior intent. + +In comparing the size make-up and general appearance of the two deeds, it +is impossible not to see in them a strong resemblance; they are both +typical of the time of Elizabeth, the deed of 1399 is too large and too +coarse for a charter of that date. The fact that one is in Latin and the +other in English makes the comparison less easy; but in both we find +similar parchment ink and seals; the script is much the same in both +deeds, each having the dates written in the same bold Arabic numerals; +and the later recites the earlier deed. + +It would not be difficult to find other points of resemblance between +these deeds; and it is impossible to compare them without coming to the +conclusion that they were prepared at the same time by the same person, +with the definite object of making a good title to the Hawksyard +property, on the sale to John Weston. + +This forces us to the conclusion that the John of Gaunt deed is not +altogether trustworthy; and we have to consider whether or not the +information it contains, with regard to the origin of the place-name +Hawksyard, can be relied on; or if we must treat its whole contents as +pure fiction and entirely discredit all it tells us of the hawking party +in Highe Frith. + +[Illustration: =Seal= of 15th May 1399.] + +There must be some explanation of this extraordinary deed; and it may yet +be possible to find a solution of the problem. Here is the deed! How can +we account for it? How much of what it tells us may we accept as truth? +To what extent is its story supported by extraneous evidence? + +The points as to which we require information are; whether John of Gaunt +was in a position to give and grant lands in the Highe Frith to Sir +Edward Mundy or had he only the rights of an overlord? Why did he +hesitate before complying with Sir EdwardaEuro(TM)s request? Was he in doubt as +to whether the land were his to give or whether he held as tenant _in +capite_? Did he execute a deed of gift or did the gift rest on a verbal +promise, Sir Edward taking possession of the lands and converting them to +his own use? Did the lawyer of 1568, who carried through the sale to +Weston, act _ex fide bona_ and endeavour, according to his lights and the +practice of his time, to put the title to Hawksyard in order, for the +mutual benefit of both vendor and purchaser? + +For answers to these questions we must return to the days of John of +Gaunt. + +In 1398 Richard II, seeing that his uncle John of Gaunt was in failing +health and that JohnaEuro(TM)s son, Henry Bolingbroke earl of Hereford, might +press his claim to the throne of England in case of RichardaEuro(TM)s death +without issue, took advantage of a quarrel between Bolingbroke and the +duke of Norfolk, in which each accused the other of treason, to banish +them both from the realm. + +The loss of his son fell heavily on John of Gaunt, who died at the end of +January or the beginning of February 1398; and it is important to bear in +mind that the year 1399 began on the 25th March and not the 1st January. + +Richard, being free for a time from the menace of the House of Lancaster, +seized the whole of the Lancastrian estates in the absence of the +banished heir and crossed to Ireland to complete his conquests and +strengthen his hold on that country. + +During RichardaEuro(TM)s absence in Ireland the banished Henry, hearing the news +of his fatheraEuro(TM)s death and the confiscation of the Lancastrian estates, +landed on the Yorkshire coast with a few trusted friends and three +thousand men-at-arms. + +He was at once joined by the great barons of the north and with an army, +which increased as it advanced, he ultimately reached London; where he +was well received by the people, who were tired of Richard and looked to +Henry as their future king. + +On hearing the news of HenryaEuro(TM)s return Richard, after much delay through +rough weather, recrossed the Irish Channel to Milford Haven, only to find +that both his friends and his armies in England had melted away and that +his kingdom was lost. + +He was forced by Henry and his supporters to resign his crown and, in +Westminster Hall on the 29th September 1399, his resignation was received +with shouts of applause; on the following day his cousin Henry +Bolingbroke, son and heir of John of Gaunt, was proclaimed King of +England as Henry IV. + +On HenryaEuro(TM)s accession he regained the estates of the duchy of Lancaster, +which however remained in his hands as crown property. + +The above events and the dates on which they occurred are of importance +in considering the two Hawksyard deeds; and if we are to understand how +and why they came into existence, we must also trace the early history of +Highe Frith and learn something of the conditions then prevailing as to +the holding and devolution of landed estates in England; more especially +with regard to earldoms honours and manors, which formed the basis of the +feudal system. + +When we clearly understand the way in which land in England was held in +pre-reformation days, it will perhaps be possible to see whether the +facts set forth in the deed of gift of the 15th May 1399 were consistent +with the early history of the manor of Alstonefield; and whether John of +Gaunt was shortly before his death in a legal position to comply with the +request of Sir Edward Mundy. + +As already stated Hawksyard was in Highe Frith, part of the manor of +Alstonefield, and a manor was an estate in fee simple in a tract of land +granted by the sovereign to a subject, usually a man of some consequence, +in consideration of certain services. + +He was the lord of the manor and he reserved for his own use such parts +of the land as he required, which were called the demesne lands; other +parts he granted out to his tenants, under varying conditions which +included estates of inheritance, estates for life, for years and at will; +the barren lands which remained in his hands were what was known as the +commons and wastes of the manor or the foreign lands. The whole formed a +manor or lordship which had its own courts and customs and enjoyed feudal +privileges, which extended not only to the lands held by tenants but also +to the commons and waste lands. + +When many manors, perhaps extending into several counties, were held by +one great baron or overlord they formed an honour which was held of the +king _in capite_; this was quite different in character to the manor. It +was a jurisdiction, vested in private hands, and not a territorial +possession; the lords of the manors retaining their separate manorial +organisation and rendering suit and service to their overlord. + +Manors also formed part of the earldom or shire; for some time after the +conquest an earl also had the title of count and from the counts the +shires took the name of counties. The title however soon disappeared in +England but we still retain countess, county and viscount. + +When a great earldom honour or manor fell by forfeiture or escheat into +the hands of the sovereign which constantly happened, it retained its +distinct corporate existence and the whole apparatus of jurisdiction or +tenure. Under its own title it either continued in the possession of the +sovereign or was granted out again as a hereditary fief. + +The manor of Alstonefield appears to have been included in different +earldoms and different honours at different dates, prior to the time when +it came into the hands of John of Gaunt and his first wifeaEuro(TM)s ancestors. + +At the taking of the Domesday survey in 1086, Alstonefield manor was held +as a knightaEuro(TM)s fee by Robert count of Shrewsbury with William de Malbanc +under him as lord of the manor. The Shrewsbury overlordship did not last +long and Alstonefield, which seems to have been much in request, possibly +owing to its grouse moor, was transferred to the honour of Chester under +Hugh Lupus; to whom William had, three years after the conquest, given +the earldom of Chester and William de Malbanc, of Wich Malbanc now +Nantwich, held the position of lord marcher under Lupus, so that the +lordship of Alstonefield formed part of the marchlands or boundaries of +the honour of Chester on the east, over which William de Malbanc would +have supreme control as lord of the marches. + +That part of the manor which lay between Leek and the river Dove, +including the site of Hawksyard, was chiefly forest and moorland; shortly +after the conquest and for many centuries after, it was known as Malbanc +Forest; but in 1220 the Malbanc barony devolved on three co-heiresses, +who held Alstonefield in co-parcenary. + +On the forfeiture of a third share by the eldest daughter, then countess +of Warwick, it came into the possession of Hugh le Despencer, though how +he got it is not clear, and this share included the tract of barren +moorland known as Highe Frith of Malbanc Forest. + +In 1297, on the death of Edmund earl of Lancaster, the KingaEuro(TM)s Escheator +held an inquisition at Tutbury for the county of Lancaster, to ascertain +what knightaEuro(TM)s fees were due to the earl; the jury found _inter alia_ that +Hugh le Despencer held one knightaEuro(TM)s fee in the manor of Altonesfelt +(Alstonefield) worth yearly in homages etc. AL10. "Nomina Villarum" 1316 +gives Hugh le Despencer and Nicholas de Audeleye as owners of +Alstonefield, a vill in the liberty of the earl of Lancaster, who had the +return of all writs. + +In 1322 the estates of le Despencer were forfeited to the crown and +subsequently bestowed by Edward III on Henry earl of Lancaster, +grandfather of Blanche the wife of John of Gaunt. + +It may be helpful here to recall how John of Gaunt was created duke of +Lancaster and became possessed of the Lancastrian estates, extending into +Cheshire, Staffordshire and other counties. + +The first earl of Lancaster was Edmund called Crouchback second son of +Henry III; in addition to his Lancastrian estates, his father bestowed on +him the earldoms of Derby, Leicester, Lincoln, Salisbury and Chester. + +These passed on his death in 1296 to his eldest son Thomas earl of +Lancaster, who was beheaded at Pontefract in 1322 when his estates were +forfeited to the crown.[A] His widow was allowed to retain the Salisbury +estate; and the other four earldoms were bestowed on his brother Henry +earl of Lancaster, to whom one third share of Alstonefield manor was also +given, so that he possessed not only the Lancastrian estates but also the +earldoms of Derby (including the honour of Tutbury), Leicester, Lincoln, +Chester and the territorial interest of a third of the manor of +Alstonefield, including Malbanc Forest; of which Highe Frith was waste of +the manor. + +Henry earl of Lancaster was succeeded by his son Henry, afterwards first +duke of Lancaster, who had no son; of his two daughters, Maud married +William of Bavaria and Blanche married John of Gaunt. Maud died without +issue, whereupon the whole of the Lancastrian estates devolved on +Blanche; and, in right of his wife, on her husband John of Gaunt, who was +in 1362 created duke of Lancaster. + +It will be remembered that the seal attached to the deed of gift of the +15th May 1399 bears a hunting horn; and in order to find some explanation +of this seal it may be necessary to glance for a moment at the history of +the honour of Tutbury, which as we have seen was included in the earldom +of Derby and passed to John of Gaunt with that earldom. + +[Illustration: =The Tutbury Horn=, from a photograph in the reference +library at Sheffield.] + +About the end of the 13th century, the important office of escheator and +coroner throughout the whole honour of Tutbury within the county of +Stafford, was claimed by Walter Agard who demanded to hold office by +right of inheritance; but he was unable to produce any written evidence +in support of his claim; and in lieu of charters or writings, he produced +a white hunting horn garnished with silver-gilt in the middle and at +both ends, to which was affixed a girdle of black silk adorned with +buckles of silver, on which was placed the _insignia_ of Edmund earl of +Lancaster; this horn was offered and accepted as the charter and evidence +of title to the office of escheator and coroner, to which he made claim. + +It is not necessary to follow the devolution of the Tutbury Horn from +Walter Agard; but in the 17th century, on the marriage of an heiress of +Agard, it passed to the Stanhopes, who sold it with its offices in 1753 +to Samuel Foxlow of Staveley Hall, from him it ultimately passed to Henry +Marwood Greaves of Banner Cross, Sheffield, and Ford Hall, Derbyshire, +who once only exercised the right of appointment; and on his death in +1859 his eldest son William Henry Greaves, who had assumed the surname of +Greaves-Bagshawe in 1853, succeeded to the horn by inheritance, and +appointed the next succeeding coroner. We shall have to consider whether +the pendent seal of the alleged deed of gift can in any way be accounted +for by the fact, that the honour of Tutbury was part of the duchy of +Lancaster prior to John of GauntaEuro(TM)s death. + +[Illustration: =Seals= of 24th October 1568.] + +Let us now turn to the other party to the deed of gift, Sir Edward Mundy. + +In BurkeaEuro's "Commoners of England" 1836, it is suggested that the Mundy +family derived its name from Mondaye Abbey in the dukedom of Normandy; +and it may be, that Sir Edward Mundy or his father fought with John of +Gaunt in the wars with France and Spain. + +It seems probable, from what we find in the earlier deed, that the duke +and Sir Edward were close personal friends; and it may possibly have been +through the influence of John of Gaunt, that Sir Edward Mundy or his +father settled near Derby. However that may be, we are told that Sir +Edward entertained the duke at Markeaton and returned with him to +Lancaster Castle. + +Vincent Mundy of Markeaton was a justice of the peace for the county of +Derby in 1558 and his son Edward died in 1607. + +Burke also tells us that "from old deeds in existence it appears that the +family held lands in the year 1399"; it may be and seems highly probable +that he was referring to the deed of gift and the grant above described, +to which he presumably had access and gave credence. + +On the other hand the two Lysons, in their work on Derbyshire, say that +the Mundys did not buy the Markeaton property until the beginning of the +sixteenth century. Perhaps at that date they added to their original +holding? + +We now have some idea of how matters stood in 1399 and 1568; we are +therefore in a better position to consider whether the deeds of Richard +II and Elizabeth can be relied on as giving the origin and early history +of the place-name Hawksyard. + +Assuming for the moment that the two deeds were prepared at the same time +and by the same hand, it is necessary to consider the position as it +presented itself to the attorney, who in 1568 was instructed to carry out +the sale of Hawksyard to John Weston. He possibly may have acted for both +vendor and purchaser and been anxious to do his best for both his +clients. He would, on receiving his instructions, ask the vendor for his +title deeds; the answer would presumably be that there were no such +deeds; but it was probably well known in the vendoraEuro(TM)s family and possibly +also to John Weston, that Hawksyard had been given to Sir Edward Mundy by +John of Gaunt shortly before his death, after enjoying a dayaEuro(TM)s hawking in +Highe Frith, the tradition of which would hang round The Moorlands for +centuries; perhaps letters or diaries would be produced with sufficient +detail to satisfy the purchaser of the truth of the tradition. + +The attorney would perhaps be in doubt, whether this traditional gift was +a grant of the fee simple or a mere sporting right over certain waste +lands belonging to the manor of Alstonefield, part of the duchy; which +right would be what is known as a right of common in gross. The vendors +were doubtless in actual possession and their ancestors had held it for +nearly two hundred years; under circumstances such as these the Courts of +Common Law, in the absence of the tradition, would have assumed a lost +grant, made prior to the reign of Richard I, which is supposed to be +equivalent to immemorial user; but the family tradition as to John of +Gaunt fixes the lost grant in the reign of Richard II, which would not +support a claim by immemorial user. Under these circumstances and in the +absence of any title deeds, the attorney seems to have taken upon himself +the responsibility of creating a root of title, based on the tradition +and possibly what he considered satisfactory recorded evidence; in doing +this he exercised neither artfulness nor skill. He hesitated whether to +make it an agreement or a grant, he neglected to use the 14th century +common form of such a document, he blundered sadly in the dates, and he +referred in the deed, which he dated in the reign of Richard II, to a +reign which had not then begun. There would be a difficulty as to the +witnesses, and it may be that those named were taken from some deed of +1399 to which he had access, notwithstanding the fact that these five +witnesses were not suitable or likely witnesses for the sealing by John +of Gaunt; there was also the difficulty of the seal, and as probably no +seal of John of Gaunt was available, a forest seal, perhaps of the honour +of Tutbury, was used; Alstonefield manor being within that honour, and +the deed of the 15th May 1399 was the result; which did well enough to +hand to the purchaser, as the root of title to Hawksyard, along with his +conveyance from Vincent Mundy and his son. Even if the parties to the +transaction knew of what was being done they would doubtless be well +pleased to have the John of Gaunt tradition put on record; and the +enterprising attorney would probably be thanked and well paid for his +trouble and resource. There does not appear to have been any fraudulent +intention to improperly acquire any land or other benefit, though such a +counterfeit in these days would be fraught with risk to all parties +concerned; but in the time of Elizabeth, the law of real property rested +less on statute and more on the unwritten law; which was interpreted and +applied loosely and without supervision.[B] The effect of this _ex post +facto_ apograph was twofold and benefited both sides. The vendors put on +permanent record their treasured family tradition and the purchaser got a +root of title, which might be of value to him in case of re-sale. It +would be interesting to know why the Mundys barred the entail and sold +Hawksyard, with its sporting tradition; it may have been that the +chancellor of the duchy had, at a then recent date, raised the question +as to whether the Mundy family originally had an estate in fee simple or +a right of common in gross; and that they as owners thought they would +act wisely in selling to a purchaser for value. + +Whatever the reason may have been for the sale of Hawksyard in 1568, it +passed by the deed of Elizabeth from the Mundy family to John Weston of +Mackworth, and is now held and enjoyed under prescriptive right, which +makes its past history of little consequence, so far as the present +owner, Mr Robert Shirley of Waterhouse Farm, near Longnor, is concerned. + +His numerous deeds and papers relating to Hawksyard include an abstract +of title beginning in the 14th year of Elizabeth (10th July 1572), when +John Weston and Katherine his wife sold Hawksyard to Ralph Bradbury who, +as appears from the grant to John Weston, was in 1568 the tenant of +Hawksyard; so that John Weston owned the property for less than four +years and then sold it to his tenant Ralph Bradbury, who in May 1573 +settled it on his younger son Otwell. + +Forty-two years later, on the 11th May 1615, Otwell Bradbury and Ralph +his son and heir sold Hawksyard to Henry Cock for AL400. For many years +the estate remained in the possession of the Cock family, who sold it to +Ralph Wood of Leek Abbey, the Cistercian monastery Dieu-la-Cresse, and on +the 5th April 1800 Hawksyard passed into the possession of John Shirley +of Rewlach, the great grandfather of the present owner. + +In 1850 some closes, part of Hawksyard, lying on the west side of the +road leading from Newtown to Warslow, were exchanged for adjacent closes, +part of the late Sir John Harpur CreweaEuro(TM)s estates. With this exception, +the Hawksyard estate seems to follow the boundaries set forth in the deed +of 1399, and HarrisonaEuro(TM)s Intake, Low Meadow, Rye Meadow, Kiln Croft and +Spout Field of that date still exist and appear in the description of the +lands in the 19th century title deeds. On the front of the house are two +dates, one above the other, the lower one is "H C 1620" and the upper one +is "H C 1784"; both these dates occur during the ownership of the Cock +family, and the initials "H C" probably indicate Henry Cock. + +Hawksyard of to-day is a substantial farmstead of eighty acres, with a +good house and farm buildings occupied by Mr ShirleyaEuro(TM)s son Edwin Leslie +Shirley; it is bounded on every side by lands of Sir Vauncey Harpur Crewe +of Calke Abbey and Warslow Hall, but it has never formed part of the +encircling Harpur estate, which we may assume was crown property; and the +grant to the Harpurs of these surrounding lands may have given rise to a +discussion as to the Hawksyard title, and possibly suggested to the +Mundys the desirability of the sale to Weston. If the surrounding lands +were granted by the crown, leaving Hawksyard an isolated and independent +holding, there seems to have been a recognition of the Mundy title and a +strong vindication of the Hawksyard tradition. + +Of the places referred to in the deeds, Boothesley (now spelt Boosley) +Grange still stands; Bank or Over Boothesley is now Bank House and the +"pearle of water" is Boosley Brook. Highe Frith and Malbanc Forest are +not on the ordnance map and are almost forgotten in the district; but +Lady Edge is still in daily use, and the existence to-day of these +medieval place-names seems to strengthen the probability of the story of +John of GauntaEuro(TM)s visit to the Highe Frith. + +If ramblers on foot and on wheels, when passing the east end of the +church and the adjoining school of Newtown, will stop for a moment to +glance down on Hawksyard, two fields to the east and up to Lady Edge half +a mile to the south-west; it will not be difficult to reconstruct the +scene of the hawking, when + + "Old John of Gaunt, time-honour'd Lancaster" + +visited Highe Frith of Malbanc Forest more than five centuries ago and +first gave the name Hawksyard. + +[Illustration: SHEFFIELD] + + +FOOTNOTES: + +[A] It may be of interest to mention, that in 1867 while ridging potatoes +in a field at Boosley Grange, known as Boosley Folly Meadow, a number of +silver medieval coins were found, which had presumably been lost or +hidden in the difficult times through which The Moorlands passed, during +the fierce struggle between Edward II and his cousin Thomas the great +earl of Lancaster; who in his headlong flight from Tutbury Castle up the +valley of the Dove lost a military chest containing over 100,000 similar +coins, English, Scotch and Flemish, in the river, which was found in +1831, embedded deep in the mud at the ford below the castle. + +[B] The reverend Joseph Hunter, in a Memoir on the ancient family of +Wilson of Broomhead Hall, Bradfield, published in _The Yorkshire +Archaeological and Topographical Journal_ volume v. calls attention to +what he describes as a surreptitious Bradfield deed, dated in the feast +of saint Martin in winter (11th November) 22 Richard II and anno domini +1399; whereas the feast of saint Martin 1399 was not in the reign of +Richard II but in the first year of Henry IV; he further points out that +even if the news of the accession of Henry had not reached the wilds of +Bradfield by the 11th November, the feast of saint Martin 1399 would have +fallen in the 23rd year of Richard II and not the 22nd, as stated in the +deed. + + + + +TRANSCRIBERSaEuro(TM) NOTES + +General: No attempt has been made to standardise spelling within the +charters; they are rendered as in the original text. + +Page 28: Hawsksyard corrected to Hawksyard after "In 1850 some closes, +part of" + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Sheffield and its Environs 13th to the +17th century, by Thomas Walter Hall + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK SHEFFIELD AND ITS ENVIRONS *** + +***** This file should be named 37130.txt or 37130.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + http://www.gutenberg.org/3/7/1/3/37130/ + +Produced by Brownfox and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from +images generously made available by The Internet Archive) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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