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diff --git a/37072-h/37072-h.htm b/37072-h/37072-h.htm new file mode 100644 index 0000000..2889308 --- /dev/null +++ b/37072-h/37072-h.htm @@ -0,0 +1,6785 @@ +<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd"> + +<html> + +<head> + + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=us-ascii"> + + <title> + The Project Gutenberg eBook of A Brief Handbook Of English Authors, by Oscar Fay Adams. + </title> + + <style type="text/css"> + + body { + margin-left:10%; + margin-right:10%; + } + + #booktitle { + letter-spacing:3px; + } + + .centered { + text-align:center; + font-weight:bold; + } + + div.center, + div.centered { + text-align:center; + } + + div.centered table { + margin-left:auto; + margin-right:auto; + text-align:left; + } + + .figcenter { + padding:1em; + text-align:center; + font-size:0.8em; + border:solid black 1px; + margin:auto; + text-indent:1em; + } + + .h1 { + font-size:2em; + margin:.67em 0; + } + + .h1, + .h2, + .h3, + .h4 { + font-weight:bolder; + text-align:center; + text-indent:0; + } + + h1, + h2, + h3, + h4, + hr { + text-align:center; + } + + .h2 { + font-size:1.5em; + margin:.75em 0; + } + + .h3 { + font-size:1.17em; + margin:.83em 0; + } + + .h4 { + margin:1.12em 0 ; + } + + hr.chapter { + margin-top:6em; + margin-bottom:4em; + } + + .out { + margin-left: 1em; + text-indent:-1em; + } + + p { + text-align:justify; + margin-top:.3em; + margin-bottom:.3em; + text-indent:1em; + } + + p.author { + text-align:right; + margin-right:10%; + } + + p.spacer { + margin-top:2em; + margin-bottom:3em; + } + + .pagenum { +/* visibility:hidden; remove comment out to hide page numbers */ + position:absolute; + right:2%; + font-size:75%; + color:gray; + background-color:inherit; + text-align:right; + text-indent:0; + font-style:normal; + font-weight:normal; + font-variant:normal; + } + + .smcap { + font-variant:small-caps; + } + + .tdl { + font-style:normal; + font-weight:normal; + text-align:left; + } + + .tdr { + font-style:normal; + font-weight:normal; + text-align:right; + padding-right:1em; + } + + </style> + +</head> + +<body> + + +<pre> + +Project Gutenberg's A Brief Handbook of English Authors, by Oscar Fay Adams + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: A Brief Handbook of English Authors + +Author: Oscar Fay Adams + +Release Date: August 14, 2011 [EBook #37072] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BRIEF HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH AUTHORS *** + + + + +Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier, Matthew Wheaton +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net + + + + + + +</pre> + +<div> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> +<img src="images/titlepage.jpg" width="400" height="600" alt="Title Page" title="Title Page"> +</div> + +<h1 id="booktitle">A BRIEF HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH AUTHORS</h1> + +<p class="h2">BY OSCAR FAY ADAMS</p> + +<p class="spacer"> </p> + +<p class="h4">BOSTON<br> +HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN AND COMPANY<br> +New York: 11 East Seventeenth Street<br> +The Riverside Press, Cambridge<br> +1884</p> + +<p class="spacer"> </p> + +<p class="h4">Copyright, 1883,<br> +By OSCAR FAY ADAMS.<br> +<br> +<i>All rights reserved.</i><br> +<br> +<i>The Riverside Press, Cambridge</i>:<br> +Electrotyped and Printed by H. O. Houghton & Co.</p> + +<p class="spacer"> </p> + +<hr class="chapter"><br> + +<p class="h3">Links to Author Name first letters</p> + +<div class="centered"> + <table border="0" + cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="0" + width="60%" + summary="Author Links"> + <tr> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#A"><b>A</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#B"><b>B</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#C"><b>C</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#D"><b>D</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#E"><b>E</b></a></td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#F"><b>F</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#G"><b>G</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#H"><b>H</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#I"><b>I</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#J"><b>J</b></a></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#K"><b>K</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#L"><b>L</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#M"><b>M</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#N"><b>N</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#O"><b>O</b></a></td> + + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#P"><b>P</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#Q"><b>Q</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#R"><b>R</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#S"><b>S</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#T"><b>T</b></a></td> + + </tr> + <tr> + <td class="tdr"><a href="#U"><b>U</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#V"><b>V</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#W"><b>W</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#Y"><b>Y</b></a></td> + + <td class="tdr"><a href="#Z"><b>Z</b></a></td> + + </tr> + </table> +</div> + +<hr class="chapter"> +<h2>PREFACE.</h2> + +<p>This brief handbook is intended simply for +every-day use, when reference to larger works of +the kind may not be convenient. Experience has +proved that the small book which can be readily +taken up is consulted far more frequently than the +ponderous volume that requires great muscular +exertion to lift.</p> + +<p>In the world of letters as in the world of society +conventionality plays no unimportant part, as +every student of literature knows. That there is +such a thing as "conventional immortality" every +biographical dictionary yields abundant evidence. +Even so small a work as this must necessarily contain +many names that have achieved this conventional +immortality through the accident of +circumstance. Some literary fames are among the +legacies left by preceding centuries to the present +one to account for and explain. And when all +is said, "the iniquity of oblivion blindly scattereth +her poppy and dealeth with the memory of men +without distinction to merit of perpetuity."</p> + +<p class="author"> +OSCAR FAY ADAMS.<br> +</p> + +<p><span class="smcap">Erie, Pa.</span>, <i>October 28, 1883</i>.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<h2>PUBLISHERS REFERRED TO IN THIS VOLUME.</h2> + +<div class="centered"> + <table border="0" + cellpadding="2" + cellspacing="0" + width="80%" + summary="Table of Contents"> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Apl.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Appleton, D., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Arm.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Armstrong, A. C., & Son</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>A. T. S.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">American Tract Society</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>A. U. A.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">American Unitarian Association</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Bi.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Bickers & Son</td> + <td class="tdr">London, England.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Ca.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Carter, Robert, & Brothers</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Cas.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Cassell, Petter, Galpin & Co</td> + <td class="tdr">New York,</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i> </i></td> + <td class="tdl"> </td> + <td class="tdr">London,</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i> </i></td> + <td class="tdl"> </td> + <td class="tdr">and Paris.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Cath.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Catholic Publication Soc. Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Clx.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Claxton, E., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Di.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Dick & Fitzgerald</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Do.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Dodd, Mead & Co..</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Dra.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Draper, Warren F.</td> + <td class="tdr">Andover, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Dut.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Dutton, E. P., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>El.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Ellis, George H.</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Est.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Estes & Lauriat</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Fu.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Funk, I. K., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Har.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Harper & Bro.</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Ho.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Holt, Henry, & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Hou.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Houghton, Mifflin & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Jo.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Johnson, T. & J. W.</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Ju.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Judd, Orange</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>La.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Lea's, Henry C., Son & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Le.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Lee & Shepard</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Lip.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Lippincott, J. B., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Lit.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Little, Brown & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Lo.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Lothrop, D., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Mac.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Macmillan & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York and London.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Mil.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Miller, James</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Mur.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Murphy, John</td> + <td class="tdr">Baltimore, Md.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Mu.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Munsell</td> + <td class="tdr">Albany, N. Y.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Nel.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Nelson, Thos., & Sons</td> + <td class="tdr">New York,</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i> </i></td> + <td class="tdl"> </td> + <td class="tdr">London,</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i> </i></td> + <td class="tdl"> </td> + <td class="tdr">and Edinburgh.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Os.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Osgood, James R., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>P. B.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Presbyterian Bd. of Publication</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Pet.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Peterson, T. B., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Phi.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Phillips & Hunt</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Pi.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Pict, John B.</td> + <td class="tdr">Baltimore, Md.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Por.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Porter & Coates</td> + <td class="tdr">Philadelphia, Pa.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Put.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Putnam's, G. P., Sons</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Ran.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Randolph, A. D. F., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Rob.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Roberts Brothers</td> + <td class="tdr">Boston, Mass.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Rou.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Routledge, George, & Sons</td> + <td class="tdr">New York and London.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Sad.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Sadlier D. &. J., & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Scr.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Scribner's, Charles, Sons</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Sh.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Sheldon & Co.</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Th.</i></td> + <td class="tdl"> Thomas, F. H.</td> + <td class="tdr">St. Louis, Mo.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Wid.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Widdleton, W. J.</td> + <td class="tdr">New York City.</td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Wiley</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Wiley, John, & Son</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + <tr> + <td class="tdl"><i>Wor.</i></td> + <td class="tdl">Worthington, R.</td> + <td class="tdr">" </td> + </tr> + + </table> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[1]</span></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> +<h2><a name="A" id="A"></a>HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH AUTHORS.</h2> + +<p class="out"><b>Abbott, Edwin A.</b> 1838 ——. Shakespearean scholar. Author of a +Shakespearean Grammar, a Handbook of Elizabethan English, etc. <i>Pub. +Mac. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>A'Becket, Gilbert Abbot.</b> 1811–1856. Humorist. Author Comic Hist. of +England, Comic Hist. of Rome, Comic Blackstone, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Adams, Mrs. Sarah (Flower).</b> 1805–1848. Known chiefly by her hymn, +"Nearer, my God, to Thee."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Adams, Wm.</b> 1814–1848. Religious writer. Author of Sacred Allegories, +etc. <i>See Edition of 1869, with Life.</i> <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Addison, Joseph.</b> 1672–1719. Essayist and poet. His tragedy of Cato is +now little read, but his Hymns still continue deservedly popular. As a +prose writer A. has exercised an influence upon the manners, morals, and +general culture of his time not easily overestimated. His style is +graceful, gentle, and persuasive. With Steele he created the Periodical +Essay, and was the chief contributor to the Tatler, Spectator, and +Guardian. <i>See Thackeray's Eng. Humorists</i>, <i>Aikin's Memorials of +Addison.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Aguilar</b> [ä-ge-lar´], <b>Grace.</b> 1816–1847. Novelist. Home Influence, Woman's +Friendship, and Days of Bruce are her chief works. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Aikin</b> [ā´kin], <b>John.</b> 1747–1822. Biographer and<span class="pagenum">[2]</span> miscellaneous writer. +One of the authors of Evenings at Home. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Aikin, Lucy.</b> 1781–1864. Dau. to J. A. Historian and poet. Author Memoirs +of the Courts of Elizabeth, James I., Charles I., Memorials of Addison, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ainsworth, Robert.</b> 1660–1743. Classical lexicographer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ainsworth, Wm. Francis.</b> 1807 ——. Geologist and traveller. Author +Travels in Asia Minor, Researches in Assyria, Babylonia, and Chaldea, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ainsworth, Wm. Harrison.</b> 1805–1882. Cousin to W. F. A. Novelist. His +historical novels are numerous, but Jack Sheppard is his most famous +work, and has been 8 times dramatized. His popularity has been very +great, many of his works having been translated into most European +languages, yet their literary merit is not high, and the influence of +Jack Sheppard, in particular, is pernicious. <i>Pub. Har. Rou. Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Airy, George Biddell.</b> 1801 ——. Astronomer. Author Essays on the +Invasion of Britain by Julius Cæsar, and numerous scientific papers of +value.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Akenside, Mark.</b> 1721–1770. Poet and physician. Author of a philosophical +poem in blank verse on The Pleasures of the Imagination. <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alcuin</b> [ăl´-kwin]. c. 735–804. Abp. York. Writer of Latin +commentaries, dogmatic treatises, and numerous Latin poems.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Aldhelm.</b> 656–709. Anglo-Latin poet. His principal theme is the praise of +virginity, on which he has written in both prose and verse.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alexander, Adam.</b> 1741–1809. Scotch grammarian. Author of Classical Biog. +etc.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[3]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Alexander, Mrs. Cecil Frances.</b> 18— ——. Poet. Best known by her famous +poem, The Burial of Moses. <i>Pub. Dut. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alexander, Mrs.</b> Novelist. See Hector, Mrs. Annie Alexander.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alexander, Wm.</b> c. 1580–1640. Scotch poet. Author Recreations with the +Muses, Doomsday, etc. Style didactic and heavy. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, +vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alford</b> [awl'ford], <b>Henry.</b> 1810–1871. Dean of Canterbury. Author of +Poems, a valuable edition of the Greek Testament, a much criticised Plea +for the Queen's English, etc. <i>See Life, Journals, and Letters. See +Moon's The Dean's English.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ran. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alfred the Great.</b> 848–901. The Father of English Prose. An untiring +scholar whose labors gave form and dignity to the English tongue. His +translations from the Latin are numerous and valuable, among them being +Bæda's Ecclesiastical History and Boethius's Consolations of Philosophy. +<i>See Green's Making of England.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alfric.</b> —— 1006. Abp. Canterbury. A noted theologian and grammarian. +His 80 Homilies his chief work. He translated the books of Moses and +wrote many theological works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alison, Archibald.</b> 1757–1839. Scotch theological writer. Essays on +Taste, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Alison, Sir Archibald.</b> 1792–1867. Son to preceding. Historian. Author of +a Hist. of Europe in 18 vols. and a Life of Marlborough. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Allein</b> [ăl'lĕn], <b>Joseph.</b> 1633–1668. Theologian. Author of Alarm to +the Unconverted.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Allen, Chas. Grant.</b> 1848 ——. Author of Physiological Æsthetics, Color +and Sense, Force and Energy, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i><span class="pagenum">[4]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Allingham, Wm.</b> 1828 ——. Irish poet. Author Day and Night Songs, Songs, +Ballads and Stories, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>A. L. O. E.</b> See Tucker, Charlotte.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Andrews, Lancelot.</b> 1555–1626. Bp. Winchester. The most eminent preacher +of his time, and a High Church theologian of great rigor and learning. +He was one of the translators of the Bible and author of 4 vols. of +Sermons and a Manual of Private Devotions. Style involved and +artificial. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Anster, John.</b> 1798–1867. Irish poet. Author of a much admired +translation of Faust.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Anstey, Christopher.</b> 1724–1805. Poet. The New Bath Guide (pub. 1766) is +his chief work and was the most popular book of its day. It is a lively, +versified description of life and manners of Bath. <i>See his Works, pub. +1808, with Life, by his son.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arbuthnot</b> [är´bŭth-not], <b>John.</b> 1675–1735. Humorist. Author Hist. John +Bull, Art of Political Lying, Memoirs of P. P. Clark of this Parish, and +supposed author of the greater part of the famous satire upon the abuses +of learning, the Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Armstrong, John.</b> 1709–1779. Scotch poet and physician. Author of the Art +of Preserving Health, a poem of much originality of style.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arnold, Edwin.</b> 1832 ——. Poet and journalist. His chief work, The Light +of Asia, gives him a high rank among modern poets. The subject is the +life of Buddha. He has translated much from the Sanskrit, and is the +author of Griselda, Lyrical and Dramatic Poems, The Indian Song of +Songs, Pearls of the Faith, etc. Style elevated and versification +musical. <i>Pub. Rob.</i><span class="pagenum">[5]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arnold, Matthew.</b> 1822 ——. Son to succeeding. Poet and essayist. His +poetry is pervaded by a vein of doubt and mistrust, although elevated in +character and of great merit. Tristram and Iseult, and Thyrsis, an elegy +on the poet Clough, are among his best poems. His prose works are +numerous and important. Literature and Dogma, and Essays in Criticism +are among the best known. The phrase "sweetness and light" was made +familiar by him. <i>See Hutton's Essays, Swinburne's Essays and Studies, +Stedman's Victorian Poets, Edinburgh Rev. April, 1869.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Mac. +Ho. Ste.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arnold, Thomas.</b> 1795–1842. Head Master of Rugby. Author Hist. Rome and +Lect. on Modern Hist. He exercised a great and beneficial influence upon +the minds of the young Englishmen of his time. <i>See Life and +Correspondence of Arnold, by A. P. Stanley, and Hughes' School Days at +Rugby.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arnold, Thos. Kerchever.</b> 1800–1853. Author of classical text-books. +<i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arnold, Wm. Delafield.</b> 1828–1859. Son to T. A. Writer of historical +sketches and lectures.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Arnott, Neil.</b> 1788–1874. Scotch scientist. Author Elements of Physics, +etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ascham</b> [ăs´kam], <b>Roger.</b> 1515–1568. Tutor of Lady Jane Grey and Q. +Elizabeth. Author of Toxophilus, a treatise on the bow, and The +Schoolmaster. A. possessed a clear, correct style.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ashe, Thomas.</b> 1836 ——. Poet. Author of The Sorrows of Hypsipyle, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ashmole, Elias.</b> 1617–1692. Antiquary. Author of Laws of the Order of the +Garter, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Atterbury, Francis.</b> 1662–1732. Bp. Rochester. Theologian. Author Sermons +and numerous controversial writings.<span class="pagenum">[6]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Aubrey, John.</b> 1626–1697. Antiquary. A. published a collection of popular +superstitions.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Austen, Jane.</b> 1775–1817. Novelist. Author of Pride and Prejudice, Sense +and Sensibility, Northanger Abbey, Mansfield Park, Persuasion, Emma, The +Watsons, and Lady Susan. These novels are examples of the finest +literary art, and have delighted cultured minds for almost three +generations. Her character-drawing is strong and realistic. <i>See +Atlantic Monthly, Feb. 1863. See Jane Austen and her Works by Sarah +Tytler (pub. 1881).</i> <i>Pub. Har. Por. Lit. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Austin, Alfred.</b> 1834 ——. Poet and novelist. Author of An Artist's +Proof, Interludes, The Human Tragedy, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Austin, Mrs. Sarah.</b> 1793–1867. Author Characteristics of Goethe, and of +numerous translations from the German.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ayton</b> [ā´tun], <b>Sir Robert.</b> 1570–1638. Scotch poet. Remembered for his +lyric, "I do confess thou'rt smooth and fair."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Aytoun</b> [a´tun], <b>Wm. Edmondstoune.</b> 1813–1865. Scotch poet. Author Lays of +the Scottish Cavaliers, Bothwell, Edinburgh after Flodden, and with T. +Martin, of the Bon Gaultier Ballads. <i>See Memoir by Theodore Martin.</i> +<i>Pub. Arm. Hou.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="B" id="B"></a> +<b>Babbage, Chas.</b> 1790–1871. Mathematician and philosopher. Author of The +Economy of Manufactures and Machinery, A Ninth Bridgewater Treatise, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bacon, Francis.</b> Viscount St. Albans and Baron Verulam. 1561–1626. +Philosopher. The Founder of Inductive Philosophy. He wrote, in both Eng. +and Latin, The advancement of Learning, Novum Organum and Historia +Naturalis et Experimentalis<span class="pagenum">[7]</span> from the Instauratio Magna, which embodies +his system of philosophy. His Essays are his most important English +work. A man of great genius and wonderful intellectual activity whose +writings cover a wide range. He awakened the scientific spirit in +England and gave it form. The best edition of B. is that by James +Spedding. <i>See Life and Letters of Bacon, by James Spedding (1870), also +W. H. Dixon's Personal History of Lord Bacon.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bacon, Roger</b> (Friar.) 1214–1292. Philosopher. The great light of the +thirteenth century. In his Opus Major he anticipated many inventions of +later times, and displayed a familiarity with all branches of study of +his day.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bage, Robert.</b> 1728–1801. Novelist. Author of Man as he Is, The Fair +Syrian, etc. <i>See Life, by Walter Scott.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bagehot</b> [bāj´ut], <b>Walter.</b> 1826–1877. Essayist and journalist. Author +of Lombard Street, Physics and Politics, The Eng. Constitution, and +Essays on Silver. <i>See Living Age, April 19, 1879.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Lit. +Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bailey, Philip James.</b> 1816 ——. Poet. Author of Festus, The Angel World, +The Mystic, The Age, etc. Festus, which had a brief popularity, is a +work of unequal merit, but contains a few brilliant passages.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Baillie, Joanna.</b> 1764–1851. Scotch dramatist. Has been called "the +female Shakespeare." Author of Plays on the Passions, etc. Her tragedy +of De Montfort is her finest effort. <i>See complete Works in one vol. +with Life (1853). See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[8]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Baker, Sir Samuel White.</b> 1821 ——. Traveller. Author of the Albert +Nyanza, The Nile Tributaries of Abyssinia, Ismaïlia, etc. <i>Pub. Har. +Lip. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Balfour, Francis Maitland.</b> 1851–1882. Biologist. Author Elements of +Comparative Embryology. Development of the Elasmobranch Fishes, etc. +Style acute and original. <i>See Fortnightly Rev. Nov. 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Banim</b> [bā´nim], <b>John.</b> 1798–1842. Irish novelist. His novels deal +almost exclusively with the tragic side of Irish peasant life. <i>See +Life, by P. J. Murray, 1857.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Banks, Sir Joseph.</b> 1743–1820. Naturalist. <i>See Cuvier, Elegy on Sir J. +Banks, 1821.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barbauld</b> [bar´bawld or bar-bō´], <b>Mrs. Anna Lætitia.</b> 1743–1825. +Miscellaneous writer. Author of Hymns in Prose, Miscellaneous Poems, +etc. Among her best efforts is the exquisite little poem, Life. Some of +her religious poetry is deservedly popular. Style easy and graceful. +<i>See edition with Memoir, by L. Aikin, 1827.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barbour, John.</b> 1316–1396. Archdeacon of Aberdeen. Scotch poet. His +Bruce, a metrical hist. in 13,000 octosyllabic lines, is a chronicle of +the life of King Robert I., and has historical value as well as literary +merit. <i>See Craik's Eng. Lit. vol. I.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barclay, Robert.</b> 1648–1690. Scotch writer. His Apology for the Quakers +was first pub. in Latin.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barham</b> [băr´am], <b>Richard Harris.</b> 1788–1845. Humorous poet. Author of +the Ingoldsby Legends, a witty volume of facile rhymes. <i>Pub. Por. Wid.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Baring-Gould, Sabine.</b> 1834 ——. Author Curious Myths of the Middle Ages, +Lives of the Saints, etc. <i>See Lit. World, Jan. 13, 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. +Lip. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barnard, Lady Anne.</b> 1750–1825. Scotch poet. Author of Auld Robin Gray.<span class="pagenum">[9]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barnfield, Richard.</b> 1574-c. 1605. Poet. His ode "As it fell upon a day" +was once ascribed to Shakespeare. <i>See Warton's Eng. Poetry.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barrow, Isaac.</b> 1630–1677. Theologian and mathematician. Author of +Sermons and Mathematical works of almost equal renown. <i>See Selections +from, pub. 1866.</i> <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barton, Bernard.</b> 1784–1849. A Friend of Lamb's. "The Quaker Poet." +Author of Poetic Vigils, Devotional Verses, etc., the literary merit of +which is but slight.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Baxter, Richard.</b> 1615–1691. Theologian. A voluminous writer, but now +best known by his Saints' Rest, and Call to the Unconverted. <i>See +edition of 1850 in 23 vols. with Life.</i> <i>Pub. Clx.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bayley, Thos. Haynes.</b> 1797–1839. Song writer. Author of I'd be a +Butterfly, She wore a Wreath of Roses, We met, 't was in a Crowd, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bayne, Peter.</b> 1830 ——. Essayist and biographer. Author of Christian +Life, Essays in Biographical Criticism, Life of Hugh Miller, etc. <i>Pub. +Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beale, Lionel Smith.</b> 1828 ——. Scientific writer of note. Author of How +to Work with the Microscope, Protoplasm, The Mystery of Life, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beattie</b> [bee´tĭ1; or bā´tĭ], <b>James.</b> 1735–1803. Scotch poet. +Author of The Minstrel, a long, prosy poem in Spenserian stanza, and a +prose Essay on Truth. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beaumont, Francis.</b> 1586–1615. Dramatist. Colleague of John Fletcher. +Their collected plays amount to 52, of which 14 were in part the work of +B., but his separate authorship is not easy to trace. B. and F. in their +day were more popular than Shakespeare, but none of their plays now keep +the stage. Their blank verse is melodious and their<span class="pagenum">[10]</span> wit and humor +sparkling, but their plays reflect the full coarseness of the time. +Among plays written by them jointly are Philaster, Thierry and +Theodoret, A King and No King, and the comedy of The Knight of the +Burning Pestle. See Fletcher, John. <i>See Schlegel's Dramatic Lit., +Hazlitt's Dramatic Lit. and Hallam's Lit. of Europe.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beaumont, Sir John.</b> 1582–1628. Bro. to F. B. Author Bosworth Field, a +poem in heroic verse.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beckford, Wm.</b> 1760–1844. Author of Vathek, an Oriental romance. Style +luxuriant. <i>See Chambers' Cyc. Eng. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beddoes, Thos. Lovell.</b> 1803–1849. Poet. Author The Bride's Tragedy, +Death's Jest-Book, etc. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bede, Cuthbert.</b> See Bradley, Edward.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bede, Beda, or Bæda, The Venerable.</b> 673–735. "First among Eng. scholars, +first among Eng. theologians, first among Eng. historians." His whole +life was passed in the monastery of Yarrow, where he composed more than +40 Latin works, the greatest of which is the Eccl. Hist. of the Eng. +Nation. On the day of his death was finished his translation of St. +John's Gospel into Eng., being the earliest example of Eng. prose. <i>See +edition of Bede by Dr. Giles, 6 vols. 1843-4. See Green's Short Hist. of +the Eng. People, also Green's Making of England.</i> <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Behn</b> [bĕn], <b>Mrs. Aphra.</b> 1642–1689. Novelist and dramatist. Known in +her day as Astræa. Author of The Forced Marriage, Oronooko, etc. A +lively, immoral writer. <i>See edition of 1871. See Miss Kavanagh's Eng. +Women of Letters, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i><span class="pagenum">[11]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bellenden, Wm.</b> fl. c. 1615. Scotch classical writer. Author De Statu.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bentham, Jeremy.</b> 1748–1832. Philosopher and political economist. Founder +of the Utilitarian school of thought, and a valued authority upon +jurisprudence. Many reforms in Eng. jurisprudence are traceable to his +influence. <i>See edition of 1843 in 11 vols. See Edinburgh Rev. Oct. +1843.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bentley, Richard.</b> 1662–1742. Classical writer. Author Dissertations on +the Epistles of Phalaris, works provoked by his famous controversy with +Boyle, and which rank as masterpieces of argument. They display great +learning, a rapid, concise style, and a sarcastic wit. <i>See Bentley, by +R. C. Jebb, in Eng. Men of Letters.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Berkeley, George.</b> 1684–1753. Bp. Cloyne. Irish metaphysician. An +eccentric but pure-minded thinker, in whose Principles of Human +Knowledge is denied the existence of matter. Other works of B. are +Alciphron or the Minute Philosopher, Theory of Vision, Siris, etc. Also +the poem in which occurs the famous line, "Westward the course of empire +takes its way." <i>See edition of Berkeley, by Fraser, 4 vols. Oxford, +1871.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Berners, Lord.</b> 1469–1532. Translator of Froissart's Chronicle. The +translation is faithful and is a masterpiece of picturesque and spirited +English.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Berners, Juliana.</b> c. 1388-c. 1461. Author of the Bokys of Hunting and +Hawking. <i>See Warton's Hist. Eng. Poetry.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Besant, Walter.</b> 1838 ——. Novelist. Colleague of James Rice, and with +him author of The Seamy Side, Ready Money Mortiboy, the Chaplain of the +Fleet, Shepherds All and Maidens Fair, etc. Sole author of The Revolt of +Man, Life of E. H. Palmer, etc. See Rice, James. <i>Pub. Har. Rob. Dut.</i><span class="pagenum">[12]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Beveridge, Wm.</b> 1638–1708. Bp. St. Asaph. Theologian. Thesaurus +Theologicus, Expositions of the Catechism and 39 Articles, and Private +Thoughts are some of his chief works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bickerstaff, Isaac.</b> 1735-c. 1788. Dramatist. Author of Maid of the Mill, +Love in a Village, etc. <i>See Hazlitt's Essays on the Comic Writers.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bickersteth, Edward.</b> 1786–1850. Religious writer. Author of The +Scripture Help, etc. <i>See edition of his Works in 17 vols. 1853. See +Memoir of, by T. R. Birks, 1851.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bickersteth, Edward Henry.</b> 1825 ——. Son to E. B. Religious Poet. Author +of Yesterday, To-Day and Forever, The Two Brothers, etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bickersteth, Rob't.</b> 1816 ——. Bp. Ripon. Religious writer. Author of +Lent Lectures, Bible Landmarks, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Birch, Thomas.</b> 1705–1766. Historian and biographer. Author of a General +Dictionary, Historical and Critical.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Black, Wm.</b> 1841 ——. Novelist. A prolific writer, the best of whose +works are A Daughter of Heth, Princess of Thule, Strange Adventures of a +Phaeton, and Macleod of Dare. They evince rare powers of description and +much constructive skill. <i>See Harper's Mag. Dec. 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blackie, John Stuart.</b> 1809 ——. Scotch poet and scholar. For 30 years +Greek Professor at Edinburgh Univ. His numerous works include Greek, +Latin, and German translations, several vols. of poems, and a famous +work on Self-Culture which has been translated into every European +language. <i>Pub. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blackmore, Sir Richard.</b> 1650–1729. Poet. Author of the epics The +Creation, and Prince Arthur.<span class="pagenum">[13]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blackmore, Richard Doddridge.</b> 1825 ——. Novelist. Author Lorna Doone, +Maid of Sker, Alice Lorraine, Erema, Mary Anerly, Christowell, etc. A +vigorous and original writer. Lorna Doone is his finest work. <i>Pub. Har. +Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blackstone, Sir Wm.</b> 1723–1780. Jurist. Author of Commentaries on the +Laws of England, an authoritative work. <i>See Campbell's Lives of the +Chief Justices.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blair, Hugh.</b> 1718–1800. Author of the once famous Lectures on Rhetoric. +<i>Pub. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blair, Robert.</b> 1699–1747. Poet. Author of The Grave, a dull, didactic, +but once popular poem. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blake, Wm.</b> 1757–1827. Artist and poet. Author of Poetical Sketches, +Songs of Innocence and Experience, etc. A writer of rare simplicity and +beauty. An Elizabethan poet of the 19th cent. <i>See editions of his poems +by Shepherd and Rossetti, and Life by Gilchrist, 1863 and 1881, also +Swinburne's Study of Blake, 1863.</i> <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blamire, Susanna.</b> 1747–1794. Poet. Author of the fine lyrics, The Siller +Crown, What Ails this Heart o' Mine, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blanchard, Edward Laman.</b> 1820 ——. Dramatist and novelist.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blanchard, Laman.</b> 1803–1845. Littérateur. <i>See Bulwer's Memoir of, with +Blanchard's Essays and Sketches, 1849.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blessington, Marguerite, Countess of.</b> 1789–1849. Society novelist. <i>See +Life and Correspondence edited by D. R. Madden.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bloomfield, Robert.</b> 1766–1823. Pastoral poet. Author of The Farmer's +Boy, Rural Tales, The Horkey, etc. <i>Pub Por. Rou.</i><span class="pagenum">[14]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blunt, John Henry.</b> 1823 ——. Theologian. Author Hist. Reformation in Ch. +of England and editor Dict. Sects and Heresies, etc. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blunt, John James.</b> 1794–1855. Ecclesiologist. Author Hist. Christian Ch. +in the first three centuries, etc. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bolingbroke, Lord.</b> See St. John, Henry.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bonar, Horatius.</b> 1808 ——. Scotch poet. Author Hymns of Faith and Hope, +etc. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Borrow, George.</b> 1803–1881. Author of Gipsies of Spain, Bible in Spain, +Lavengro, The Romany Rye, Romany Word Book, etc. <i>See Autobiography, +1851.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boswell</b> [boz´well], <b>Alexander.</b> 1775–1822. Poet. Son to J. B. His song, +Jenny Dang the Weaver, is his best known production.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boswell, James.</b> 1740–1795. Biographer. His Life of Dr. Samuel Johnson is +an incomparable work. <i>Pub. Ho. Lit. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boswell, James.</b> 1779–1822. Son to preceding. Shakespearean scholar.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boucicault</b> [boo-se-ko´], <b>Dion.</b> 1822 ——. Dramatist. Among his very +numerous popular plays, London Assurance, Rip Van Winkle, The Corsican +Brothers, Led Astray, and the Shaughran are perhaps the best. <i>See +Johnson's Cyc.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bowles, Wm. Lisle.</b> 1762–1850. Poet. Author Fourteen Sonnets, Village +Verse Book, etc. A graceful writer, to whom Wordsworth and Coleridge +attributed their own poetic inspiration.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bowring</b> [bour´ing], <b>Sir John.</b> 1792–1872. Philologist and poet. Best +known as a writer of hymns of great beauty, among others, the familiar +Watchman, Tell us of the Night. <i>See Autobiographical Recollections, +1877.</i> <i>Pub. Dut.</i><span class="pagenum">[15]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boyd, Andrew Kennedy Hutchinson.</b> 1825 ——. Scotch essayist. Author of +Essays by a Country Parson, Graver Thoughts, Autumn Holidays, etc. He +signed his essays with his initials A. K. H. B.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boyle, Chas.</b> 1676–1731. Famous for his controversy with Bentley +concerning the Epistles of Phalaris. See Bentley, Richard.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Boyle, Robert.</b> 1626–1691. Philosopher. A voluminous writer upon +metaphysics and natural sciences.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Braddon, Miss.</b> See Maxwell, Mrs. Mary E.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bradley, Edward.</b> "Cuthbert Bede." 1827 ——. Humorist. Author Adventures +of Verdant Green, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bradley, James.</b> 1692–1762. Astronomical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brady, Nicholas.</b> 1659–1726. Chiefly known for his share in the version +of the Psalms prepared by him with Nahum Tate.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bray, Mrs. Anna Eliza.</b> 1790–1883. Miscellaneous writer of note. <i>See +Lit. World, Feb. 24, 1883.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brewer, E. Cobham.</b> 1810 ——. Author Reader's Handbook, Dict. Phrase and +Fable, Guide to Science, etc. Well edited and valuable books of +reference. <i>Pub. Clx. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brewster, Sir David.</b> 1781–1868. Scientist. Author Natural Magic, More +Worlds than One, Lives of Newton, Kepler, etc. <i>See Life, by his +daughter, 1869.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brontë</b> [brŏn´te], <b>Anne.</b> 1820–1849. Novelist. Sister to C. B. Author +of Tenant of Wildfell Hall and Agnes Gray. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brontë, Charlotte.</b> 1816–1855. Sister to A. B. and E. B. Novelist. Author +of The Professor, Jane Eyre, Shirley, and Villette. A writer of great +power and originality, whose Jane Eyre marks an<span class="pagenum">[16]</span> era in the history of +fiction. <i>See Charlotte Brontë by T. W. Reid, 1877; Life of by Mrs. +Gaskell, and H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brontë, Emily.</b> 1819–1848. Sister to C. B. Novelist. Her Wuthering +Heights shows in places greater power than either of her sisters +possessed, but as a whole is strained and unnatural. <i>See Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 4. Emily Brontë, by A. Mary F. Robinson, and London Athænum, +June 16, 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooke, Arthur.</b> —— c. 1563. Poet. Wrote the Tragical Hist. of Romeo and +Juliet, a paraphrase of Bandello's novel, the source of Shakespeare's +drama.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooke, Charlotte.</b> —— 1793. Daughter to H. B. Author of Reliques of +Irish Poetry translated into Eng. verse, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooke, Mrs. Frances Moore.</b> 1745–1789. Author of several novels, the +opera Rosina, and a periodical called The Old Maid.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooke, Henry.</b> 1706–1783. Author of plays, poems, and a once famous +novel called The Fool of Quality. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooke, Lord.</b> See Greville Fulk.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooke, Stopford.</b> 1832 ——. Religious writer. Author Life of F. W. +Robertson, Freedom in the Ch. of England, Christ in Modern Life, +Theology in the Eng. Poets, Primer of Eng. Lit., Sermons, etc. Style +clear, thoughtful, and strong. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brooks, Chas. Shirley.</b> 1815–1874. Dramatist and Novelist. Author Poems +of Wit and Humor, The Gordian Knot, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[17]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Broome, Richard.</b> —— 1562. Dramatist. Wrote in conjunction with others.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brougham</b> [broo´am or broo´m], <b>Henry, Lord.</b> 1779–1868. Statesman and +orator. A man of strong intellect, whose speeches are among the ablest +of his time. A versatile writer, among whose numerous works are +Eloquence of the Ancients and Lives of Men of Letters. <i>See +Autobiography pub. 1871; Edinburgh Rev. April, 1858, and Life by Lord +Campbell. His works in 10 vols., pub. 1857.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Broughton, Rhoda.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author of Red as a Rose is She, +Nancy, Belinda, etc. Style spirited, but wanting in refinement of +expression. <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brown, John.</b> 1810–1882. Scotch essayist and physician. Best known by his +exquisite story of Rab and his Friends. <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brown, Thomas.</b> 1778–1820. Scotch philosophical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brown, Tom.</b> 1663–1704. Humorous and immoral poet and miscellaneous +writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browne, Edward Harold.</b> 1811 ——. Bp. Winchester. Theologian. Author of +The Pentateuch and Elohistic Psalms, Sermons on the Atonement, etc. +<i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browne, Isaac Hawkins.</b> 1706–1760. Poet. Author of A Pipe of Tobacco, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browne, Sir Thos.</b> 1605–1682. Author of a treatise on Christian Morals, +Religio Medici, Hydriotaphia or Urn-Burial, etc. A writer of striking +genius whose works will always attract thoughtful readers. Style +meditative and imaginative, but frequently obscure. <i>See complete +edition in Bohn's Antiquarian Library.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browne, Wm.</b> 1590–1645. Poet. Wrote Britannia's Pastorals, Shepherd's +Pipe, etc. His style is<span class="pagenum">[18]</span> easy and harmonious, and some of his lyrics are +yet read.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browning, Mrs. Elizabeth Barrett.</b> 1809–1861. Poet. By many critics given +the highest place among poets of her sex, but her verse, in the main, +appeals to a limited class of readers. It has a masculine strength, a +passionate vehemence of expression, and it is often pathetic and tender, +but its frequent obscurity is a grave defect. Aurora Leigh, Casa Guidi +Windows, and Sonnets from the Portuguese, are among her chief works. +<i>See Letters of, edited by R. H. Hone, 1877, Contemporary Rev. 1873, and +Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Mil.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browning, Robert.</b> 1812 ——. Poet. Husband to E. B. B. Author of a long +series of poems, some of them obscure and enigmatical to the last +degree, but all bearing the marks of great genius. Paracelsus, Sordello, +Pippa Passes, The King and The Book, Fifine at the Fair, and Jocoseria +are some of them. His circle of sincere admirers is small, but shorter +poems of his, like Hervé Riel, and the Pied Piper of Hamelin, are widely +known and read. <i>See Lit. World, March 11, 1882, Century Mag. December, +1881, and Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brunton, Mrs. Mary Balfour.</b> 1778–1818. Scotch novelist. Author Self +Control and Discipline. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bryant, Jacob.</b> 1715–1804. Classical and mythological writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bryce, James.</b> 1810 ——. Historian. Author Native Education in India, and +The Holy Roman Empire. <i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Brydges, Sir Sam'l Egerton.</b> 1762–1837. A prolific writer in verse and +prose. Style often fantastic and eccentric.<span class="pagenum">[19]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buchanan, George.</b> 1506–1582. Scotch poet and historian. Wrote a Latin +version of the Psalms, and a Latin Hist. of Scotland. <i>See Hallam's Lit. +of Europe.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buchanan, Robert.</b> 1841 ——. Scotch poet. Author Idyls and Legends, +London Poems, Balder the Beautiful, etc. A writer of some power, but one +whose verse is marred by frequent affectations. <i>See Stedman's Victorian +Poets, and Contemporary Rev. November, 1873.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Hou. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buckhurst, Lord.</b> See Sackville, Thos.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buckingham, Duke of.</b> See Villiers, George.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buckinghamshire, Duke of.</b> See Sheffield, John.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buckland, Francis Trevelyan.</b> 1826–1880. Naturalist. Son to W. B. Author +Curiosities of Nat. Hist., Familiar Hist. British Fishes, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buckland, Wm.</b> 1784–1856. Geological writer of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buckle, Henry Thos.</b> 1822–1862. Historian. His great work, The Hist. of +Civilization, was left unfinished. His style is easy and flowing, but +his inferences and conclusions are frequently controverted. <i>See +Atlantic Monthly, Jan. and April, 1863.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Budgell, Eustace.</b> 1685–1736. Essayist. Author of all the papers in the +Spectator signed X.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bull, George.</b> 1634–1710. Bp. St. David's. Theologian. An opponent of +Calvinism, against which his Latin treatise, Harmonia Apostolica, is +aimed.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bulwer-Lytton, Sir Edward Geo.</b> 1805–1873. Novelist and Poet. Several of +his 25 novels, like The Caxtons, My Novel, Harold, and Kenelm +Chillingly, are masterpieces of their kind. Others as well known are +Pelham, Zanoni, Last Days of Pompeii, Rienzi, etc. Richelieu, Money, and +Lady of<span class="pagenum">[20]</span> Lyons are his most popular dramas. King Arthur and The New +Timon are two of his longer poems. <i>See Memoir, by Lord Lytton, +Quarterly Rev., Jan. 1865, Blackwood's Mag. Mar., 1873, and Tennyson's +poem The New Timon.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bulwer-Lytton, Edward Robert.</b> "Owen Meredith." 1831 ——. Poet. Son to +preceding. Author of Lucile, Fables in Verse, The Ring of Amasis, etc. +His verse has melody and strength, but Lucile, his chief poem, a novel +in verse, is asserted to be a plagiarism. <i>See Stedman's Victorian +Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bunyan, John.</b> 1628–1688. Allegorist. Author Pilgrim's Progress, Holy +War, etc. The first named is the most famous allegory in the world. The +product of a strong, vivid imagination, it holds the attention of +cultured and uncultured minds alike. <i>See Biographies of, by Southey, +and Macaulay, and Bunyan, by J. A. Froude in Eng. Men of Letters.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burke, Edmund.</b> 1730–1797. Orator and statesman. As a political writer he +has few equals. Among his best efforts are Letters on a Regicide Peace, +Letters to a Noble Lord, and Orations on the Impeachment of Warren +Hastings. Style polished and cultured. <i>See Morley's Life of, 1867. See +select works edited by E. J. Payne, 1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burnand, Francis Cowley.</b> 1837 ——. Author Happy Thoughts, The New +History of Sanford and Merton, etc. <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burnet, Gilbert.</b> 1643–1715. Bp. Salisbury. Historian. Author Hist. +Reformation, Hist. My Own Times, etc. A vivacious, diffuse narrator. +<i>See Macaulay's Hist. of England.</i> <i>Pub. Dut. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burnet, James.</b> Lord Monboddo. 1714–1799. An eccentric writer, noted for +his theory that mankind<span class="pagenum">[21]</span> once had tails, which the habit of sitting on +had worn away.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burnet, Thos.</b> 1635–1715. Author Telluris Sacra Theoria, a fantastic +system of Geology, written in an eloquent and majestic style.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burney, Charles.</b> 1726–1814. Author Gen. Hist. of Music, Life of +Metastasio, etc. <i>See Life, by his daughter, Madame D'Arblay.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burney, Frances.</b> See D'Arblay, Madame.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burns, Robert.</b> 1759–1796. Scotch poet. A singer of love songs. His verse +shows a gentle, tender spirit, and a sympathy for all created things, +new to the poetry of his day. Tam O'Shanter, Twa Dogs, and The Jolly +Beggars, show the humorous side of his nature. The Cotter's Saturday +Night, Auld Lang Syne, A Man's a Man for a' That, are universally known, +and some of his lyrics will last as long as the language. <i>See Carlyle's +Misc. Essays; Craik's Eng. Lit. vol. 2; also Burns, by Shairp, in Eng. +Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Hou. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burton, John Hill.</b> 1809–1881. Scotch historian. Author Life and +Correspondence of David Hume, Hist. Reign of Q. Anne, Hist. Scotland, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Burton, Robert.</b> 1576–1640. Author of Anatomy of Melancholy. Style +fantastic, original, and diffuse. <i>Pub. Apl. Clx. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Butler, Alban.</b> 1710–1773. Author Lives of the Fathers, Saints, etc., +Letters on the Hist. of the Popes, etc. <i>See edition of the Lives, 1812, +with Life of A. Butler by Chas. Butler.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Butler, Charles.</b> 1750–1832. Neph. to A. B. Author Horæ Biblicæ, +continuation of the Lives of the Saints, etc. <i>See Alibone's Dict.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Butler, Joseph.</b> 1692–1752. Bp. Bristol. Theologian. His great work, +Analogy between Natural<span class="pagenum">[22]</span> and Revealed Religion, is much studied and +admired. <i>See edition of his works, 1867.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Butler, Samuel.</b> 1612–1680. Satirical poet. His Hudibras, written in +ridicule of the Puritans, is witty and spirited, but too long for the +taste of modern readers. <i>See edition of his works by Gilfillan, 1854.</i> +<i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Butler, Wm. Archer.</b> 1814–1848. Author Lect. on Hist. of Ancient +Philosophy, etc. <i>See Woodward's Life of.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Byrd, Wm.</b> 1540–1623. Poet. Author of the famous lines beginning, "My +mind to me a kingdom is."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Byrom, John.</b> 1691–1763. Pastoral poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Byron, Henry James.</b> 1835 ——. Dramatist. Author Babes in the Wood, Our +Boys, Not such a Fool as he Looks, Good News, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Byron, Lord.</b> See Gordon, George.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="C" id="C"></a> +<b>Cædmon</b> [kād´mo̯n]. —— c. 680. Anglo-Saxon poet. A monk of Whitby, +who wrote about 670 a metrical paraphrase of the Scriptures. It is +accented and alliterative, like all Anglo-Saxon poetry, and marks the +beginning of Eng. poetry. <i>See Thorpe's edition of, London, 1832.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Calamy, Edmund.</b> 1600–1666. Theological writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Calamy, Edmund.</b> 1671–1732. Grandson to preceding. Author of the +Nonconformists' Memorial, Defence of Moderate Nonconformity, etc. <i>See +his history of his Life and Times, edited by Rutt, 1829.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Calverley, Chas. Stuart.</b> 1831 ——. Poet. Author of Fly-Leaves, +translation of Theocritus, etc. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Camden, Wm.</b> 1551–1623. Antiquary. Author of Britannia, a Latin +description of Britain, etc.<span class="pagenum">[23]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Campbell, George.</b> 1709–1796. Scotch theologian. Author Dissertations on +Miracles, Philosophy of Rhetoric, Lect. on Eccl. Hist., etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Campbell, John.</b> 1708–1775. Historical and political writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Campbell, John,</b> <i>Lord Chancellor</i>. 1779–1861. Biographer. Author Lives +of the Lord Chancellors, and Lives of the Chief Justices. <i>See Edinburgh +Rev. Oct. 1857; and see H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. +Apl. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Campbell, Thomas.</b> 1774–1844. Scotch poet. Author Pleasures of Hope, +Gertrude of Wyoming, etc., poems artificial in cast. His lyrics, like +Hohenlinden, Ye Mariners of England, etc., are fine specimens of lyric +verse. <i>See Life of by Dr. Beattie, 1849. See W. M. Rossetti's edition +of his poems with critical introduction.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Canning, George.</b> 1770–1827. Writer of witty parodies. Needy +Knife-Grinder, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carew, Lady Elizabeth.</b> Fl. c. 1613. Author of the tragedy of Marian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carew, Thomas.</b> 1589–1639. Poet. His poems are brief and mainly amatory +in character. <i>See complete edition by W. Carew Hazlitt. See Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carey, Henry.</b> 1663–1743. Dramatist and poet. Author +Chrononhotonthologos, The Dragon of Wantley, the ballad of Sally in our +Alley, and God Save the King.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carleton, Wm.</b> 1798–1869. Irish novelist. Style vigorous and picturesque. +<i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carlyle, Thomas.</b> 1795–1881. Essayist and historian. Author of Essays, +Chartism, Heroes and Hero-Worship, Sartor Resartus, Past and Present, +Latter-Day Pamphlets, Life of Sterling, History<span class="pagenum">[24]</span> French Revolution, Life +of Frederick the Great, etc. A vigorous, opinionated writer, with a +style which is vivid and picturesque, but often wordy and obscure. A man +of great but wayward intellectual powers. <i>See Eclectic Mag. 1881. +Reminiscences by Carlyle; Letters of Jane Welsh Carlyle, and Emerson and +Carlyle.</i> <i>Pub. Hon. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carpenter, Lant.</b> 1780–1840. Theological writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carpenter, Wm. Benj.</b> 1813 ——. Physiologist of note. Son to L. C. Author +of Principles of Human Physiology, Zoölogy, and the Instinct of Animals, +The Microscope, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carr, J. Comyns.</b> 1849 ——. Art Critic and Editor. Author of Drawing by +the Italian Masters, St. Albans, Essays, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carte, Thos.</b> 1686–1754. Historian. Author Hist. England to 1654.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carter, Elizabeth.</b> 1717–1806. Classical writer. Author of a translation +of Epictetus and original poems. The most learned woman of her time.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cartwright, Wm.</b> 1611–1643. Poet. He enjoyed a great reputation in his +day.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Carey, Henry Francis.</b> 1772–1844. Poet. Author of a much admired blank +verse translation of Dante. <i>See Memoirs of, by his son, 1847.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Caxton, Wm.</b> 1412–1492. The first Eng. printer. Was author and translator +of some 60 books.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cayley, Arthur.</b> 1821 ——. Mathematical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cecil</b> [sĕs´il or sis´il], <b>Wm.</b> 1520–1598. Statesman. Author of +Precepts addressed to his son.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Centlivre</b> [sent-lĭv´er], <b>Mrs. Susanna.</b> 1680–1723. Dramatist. Her best +comedies are The Busybody and The Wonder, the last of which still keeps +the stage. <i>See Atlantic Monthly, June, 1882.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Challoner, Bp. Richard.</b> 1691–1781. Author of an<span class="pagenum">[25]</span> Eng. version of the +Bible, Grounds of the Catholic Doctrine, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chalmers</b> [chaw´merz], <b>George.</b> 1742–1825. Scotch historian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chalmers, Thomas.</b> 1780–1847. Scotch theologian. The most powerful +preacher of his time. Author of Natural Theology, Christian Evidences, +etc. <i>See Memoirs of, by Wm. Hanna; do. by F. Wayland; also, Spare +Hours, 1st series, by Dr. John Brown.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chamberlayne, Wm.</b> 1619–1689. Poet. Author Love's Victory and Pharonidia.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chambers, Robert.</b> 1802–1871. Scotch publisher. Author of the noted +Vestiges of the Nat. Hist. of Creation, etc. <i>See Memoirs of, by W. +Chambers.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chambers, Wm.</b> 1800–1883. Scotch publisher. Bro. to R. C. Author Memoirs +of Rob't Chambers, Wintering at Mentone, etc. The brothers were joint +editors of many popular works: Information for the People, Encyclopædia, +Book of Days, Miscellany, etc. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chapman, George.</b> 1557–1634. Dramatist. Chiefly noted for a fine +translation of Homer in 14-syllable verse. <i>See his Homer, 4 vols., +London, 1858</i>; <i>Dramatic Works, 1873</i>; <i>George Chapman, by Swinburne.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chapone</b> [shă-pōn´], <b>Mrs. Hester.</b> 1727–1801. Author of treatises on +Morals and Philosophy.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Charles, Mrs. Elizabeth Rundle.</b> 1826 ——. Author of the noted +Schönberg-Cotta Family, and other excellent semi-religious stories. +<i>Pub. Do.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Charlesworth, Maria Louisa.</b> 1830–1880. Author of much religious fiction, +of which Ministering Children is the best example. <i>Pub. Apl. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chatham, Lord.</b> See Pitt, Wm.<span class="pagenum">[26]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chatterton, Thomas.</b> 1752–1770. Poet. Author of imitations of old Eng. +poetry, which for a short time deceived the scholars of that day, and as +the work of a boy of 17 were very remarkable. <i>See Chatterton, a +Biographical Study, by Daniel Wilson, London, 1870.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chaucer, Geoffrey.</b> 1340–1400. Poet. Author of numerous lesser poems, but +The Canterbury Tales is his greatest work. He is rightly called the +Father of Eng. Song, since it is with him that Eng. poetry really +begins. He gave form to the language, and blended the French and Eng. +influences into a harmonious whole. His verse, in the main, is easy and +musical, and shows a love of nature. <i>See publications of the Chaucer +Society.</i> <i>Chaucer, by A. W. Ward.</i> <i>See Gilman's edition of Chaucer in +3 vols., 1879.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chesterfield, Earl of.</b> See Stanhope, Philip.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chettle, Henry. Fl.</b> c. 1600. Dramatist. Prolific, but valueless.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chillingworth, Wm.</b> 1602–1644. Theologian. Author of Religion of +Protestants a Safe Way to Salvation, a celebrated work. <i>See Oxford +edition, 3 vols., 8vo, 1838.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chitty, Joseph.</b> 1776–1841. Jurist. Author of Practical Treatise on +Criminal Law, Synopsis of Practice, and other invaluable legal +text-books. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Chorley, Henry Fothergill.</b> 1808–1872. Musical critic. Author Thirty +Years' Musical Recollections, Criticisms on Modern German Music, etc., +and of numerous songs and opera librettos. <i>See Autobiography, Memoirs +and Letters, 2 vols., London, 1873.</i> <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Christmas, Henry.</b> See Noel-Fearn.<span class="pagenum">[27]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Church, Alfred John.</b> 1829 ——. Stories from Homer, Stories from Virgil, +Poems, etc. Of the poems, Unseen is one of the best. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Church, Richard Wm.</b> 1815 ——. Author Life of Anselm, University Sermons, +Civilization before and after Christianity, Sacred Poetry of Early +Religions, Spenser in Eng. Men of Letters, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Churchill, Charles.</b> 1731–1764. Satirical poet. The Rosciad is his chief +work. Was at one time an extremely popular poet. <i>See Essay on, by +Macaulay.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cibber</b> [sĭb´ber], <b>Colley.</b> 1671–1757. Dramatist. Author of The +Careless Husband, She Would and She Would Not, and some 20 other plays. +<i>See his Apology for his Life.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clare, John.</b> 1793–1864. Pastoral poet. Author Poems of Rural Life and +Scenery, etc. Some of his verse has great beauty. <i>See J. L. Cherry's +Life of, London, 1873.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clarendon, Earl of.</b> See Hyde, Edward.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clarke, Adam.</b> 1760–1832. Irish bibliographer. Author Commentary on the +Bible, Bibliographical Dict., Succession of Sacred Lit., etc. An +industrious, careful writer. <i>Pub. Phi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clarke, Charles Cowden.</b> 1787–1877. Author of Shakespeare Characters, +Molière Characters, Riches of Chaucer, etc. <i>Pub. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clarke, Mrs. Mary Cowden.</b> 1809 ——. Wife to C. C. C. Shakespearean +scholar. Author of the noted Concordance of Shakespeare, World-Noted +Women, and several vols. of verse. With her husband was editor of an +annotated edition of Shakespeare, 1869. <i>Pub. Cas. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clarke, Samuel.</b> 1675–1729. Metaphysician. Author of numerous +metaphysical works written in a simple yet vigorous and eloquent style.<span class="pagenum">[28]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cleveland, John.</b> 1613–1658. Poet. A famous Cavalier writer. His verse is +satirical and amatory in character.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clifford, Wm. Kingdon.</b> 1845–1879. Scientist. Author Lect. and Essays, +Elements of Dynamics, Seeing and Thinking, and Mathematical Papers. <i>See +biographical introduction to Lect. and Essays, by F. Pollock.</i> <i>Pub. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clive, Mrs. Archer.</b> 1801 ——. Novelist. Author Paul Ferrol, Why Paul +Ferrol Killed his Wife, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clough</b> [kluf], <b>Arthur Hugh.</b> 1819–1861. Author of The Bothie of Tober-na +Vuolich, Amours de Voyage, both hexameter poems, Dipsychus, and minor +poems. His verse shows a mastery of metre and a thoughtful, earnest +spirit. <i>See Atlantic Monthly, April, 1862</i>; <i>Hutton's Essays; Matthew +Arnold's Essays in Criticism</i>; <i>Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i> <i>Pub. Ho. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cobbe, Frances Power.</b> 1822 ——. Philosophical writer. Author of +Intuitive Morals, Religious Duty, Darwinism in Morals, The Peak in +Darien, Duties of Women, etc. A clear, able, and vigorous writer. <i>Pub. +El.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cobbett, Wm.</b> 1762–1835. Political writer. Style idiomatic and rancorous. +<i>See Robert Walker's How to Get on in the World, as Demonstrated by the +Life and Language of William Cobbett.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cobden, Richard.</b> 1804–1865. Statesman. <i>See Political Writings of +London, 1867</i>; <i>Speeches, etc., in London, 1870</i>; <i>Gilchrist's Life of, +1865</i>; <i>and Recollections of, by Ashworth</i>. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cockburn</b> [kō´burn], <b>Henry Thos., Lord.</b> 1779–1854. Jurist. Author Life +and Correspondence of Lord Jeffrey, and Memorials of his Times.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coke, Sir Edward.</b> c. 1549–1634. Jurist. Best<span class="pagenum">[29]</span> known by his famous Coke +upon Littleton, or the First Institute.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Colenso, John Wm.</b> 1814–1883. Bp. Natal. Theologian. Author of The +Pentateuch and Joshua Critically Examined, Lect. on the Pentateuch and +Moabite Stone, etc. An able and vigorous writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coleridge</b> [kōl´rĭj], <b>Hartley.</b> 1796–1849. Poet. Son to S. T. C. +Author of Poems, Essays, Life of Massinger, etc. Style in both prose and +verse clear and beautiful. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coleridge, Henry Nelson.</b> 1800–1843. Neph. to S. T. C. Essayist. Style +able and scholarly.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coleridge, John Taylor.</b> 1790–1876. Neph. to S. T. C. Author of an +annotated Blackstone, Memoir of John Keble, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coleridge, Samuel Taylor.</b> 1772–1834. Poet and philosopher. Author of The +Ancient Mariner, Christabel, Kubla Khan, etc., in verse; Lect. on +Shakespeare, Table-Talk, The Friend, Biographia Literaria, etc., in +prose. A man of great genius, who accomplished little commensurate with +it. His best, however, is unsurpassable. <i>See 9 vol. edition, N. Y., +1853-4.</i> <i>See Gilman's Life of</i>; <i>Personal Recollections of Joseph +Cottle</i>.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coleridge, Sara.</b> 1803–1852. Dau. to S. T. C. and wife to H. N. C. Editor +of her father's works, and author of the exquisite romance Phantasmion. +A writer of much critical ability. <i>See Memoir of.</i> <i>Pub. Har. 1873.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Collier, Jeremy.</b> 1650–1726. Theologian. His famous pamphlet against the +immorality of the stage greatly helped to purify Eng. literature.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Collier, John Payne.</b> 1789–1883. Shakespearean scholar. Best known in +connection with the famous Collier MSS. of Notes and Emendations to<span class="pagenum">[30]</span> the +text of Shakespeare. <i>See Atlantic Monthly, Oct., 1859, and Sept., +1861.</i> <i>Pub. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Collins, Mortimer.</b> 1827–1876. Novelist. Author Sweet Anne Page, Marquis +and Merchant, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Collins, Wm.</b> 1720–1756. Poet. Famous for his musical odes, as The +Passions, Evening, and the poem How Sleep the Brave. C. occupies a high +place among minor poets. <i>See Johnson's Lives of the Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Collins, Wm. Wilkie.</b> 1824 ——. Novelist. Excels all other novelists in +the construction of plots. The Woman in White is his most famous story. +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Colman, George.</b> 1733–1794. Dramatist. Composed nearly 30 comedies, of +which The Jealous Wife is one of the best.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Colman, George.</b> The Younger. 1762–1836. Dramatist. Son to preceding. A +writer of spirited comedies, such as The Heir-at-Law, Poor Gentleman, +John Bull, The Iron Chest, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Combe</b> [koom], <b>Andrew.</b> 1797–1847. Scotch physiological writer. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Combe, George.</b> 1788–1858. Scotch phrenologist. Bro. to A. C. Author +Constitution of Man, etc. <i>See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches and +Capen's Reminiscences of G. Combe.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Congreve</b> [kŏng´grēv], <b>Wm.</b> 1670–1729. Dramatist. Author of the +tragedy of The Mourning Bride, and of The Double Dealer, Old Bachelor, +Love for Love, and other coarse but brilliant comedies. <i>See edition by +Leigh Hunt, London, 1849.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Conybeare</b> [kŭn´ĭ-bĕr], <b>John.</b> 1692–1755. Theologian of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Conybeare, John Josias.</b> 1779–1824. Grandson to<span class="pagenum">[31]</span> J. C. Antiquary. Author +of Illustrations of Anglo-Saxon Poetry, a work of much value.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Conybeare, Wm. Daniel.</b> 1787–1857. Geological writer of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Conybeare, Wm. John.</b> —— 1857. Theologian. Author with Dean Howson of +The Life and Epistles of St. Paul. <i>Pub. Ran. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cook, Eliza.</b> 1817 ——. Poet. Author of The Old Arm Chair, etc. Style +simple and tender.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coombe</b> [koom], <b>Wm.</b> 1741–1823. A voluminous satirical and humorous +writer, best known by his poem Dr. Syntax. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cooper, Anthony Ashley.</b> 3d Earl of Shaftesbury. 1671–1713. Ethical +writer. Author of Characteristics of Men, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Copleston</b> [kop´ȇl-stȏn], <b>Edward.</b> 1776–1849. Bp. Llandaff. +Theological writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Corbet, Richard.</b> 1562–1635. Bp. Norwich. Poet of indifferent merit.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cornwall, Barry</b>. See Procter, B. W.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coryat, Thomas.</b> 1577–1617. Writer of travels. Best known by Coryat's +Crudities, entertaining, but full of affectations.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Costello, Dudley.</b> 1803–1865. Novelist. Author Stories from a Screen, +Faint Heart Never Won Fair Lady, The Millionaire, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Costello, Louisa Stuart.</b> 1815–1870. Novelist and writer of travels. +Sister to D. C. Author of The Queen Mother, the Rose Garden of Persia, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cottle, Joseph.</b> 1770–1853. Poet. Best known, however, by his +Reminiscences of Coleridge and Southey.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cotton, Charles.</b> 1630–1687. Poet and translator of Montaigne.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cotton, Nathaniel.</b> 1721–1788. Poet. Author Visions in Verse, +Miscellanies.<span class="pagenum">[32]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cotton, Sir Robert.</b> 1570–1631. Antiquary and historical collector.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coverdale, Miles.</b> 1487–1568. Bp. Exeter. Translator, with Tyndale, of +the Bible. The first translation of the whole Bible was by C., and +appeared in 1635.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cowley, Abraham.</b> 1618–1667. Poet and essayist. His popularity, once +great, is now slight. His verse is ingenious, but contains little poetic +feeling. His most pretentious poem is The Davideis. <i>See Aikin's +edition, 3 vols., 1802.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cowper</b> [koo´per or kow´per], <b>Wm.</b> 1731–1800. Poet. His verse is mainly +religious or didactic, but his humorous ballad of John Gilpin is widely +famous. He was the author of many beautiful and well-known hymns, of a +long poem, The Task, and the exquisite Lines on My Mother's Picture. +Style quiet and meditative. <i>The best edition of C. is that by Southey, +with biography, 1838.</i> <i>See Cowper, by Goldwin Smith, in Eng. Men of +Letters.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cox, Sir George W.</b> 1827 ——. Historian. Author Hist. of Greece, +Mythology of the Aryan Nations, Tales of Ancient Greece, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. +Har. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coxe, Wm.</b> 1744–1828. Historian. Author Hist. House of Austria, Kings of +Spain, Memoirs of Duke of Marlborough, etc. A standard writer. <i>Pub. +Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Crabbe, George.</b> 1754–1832. Poet. Writer of realistic, matter-of-fact +narrative poems: The Village, The Parish Register, etc. <i>See complete +edition of 1834, 8 vols., with Life.</i> <i>See Atlantic Monthly, May, 1880, +"A Neglected Poet."</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Crabbe, George.</b> 1778–1834. Philologist. Author of Hist. Eng. Law and a +noted work on Eng. Synonyms. <i>Pub. Har.</i><span class="pagenum">[33]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Craig-Knox, Mrs. Isa.</b> 1831 ——. Scotch poet. Author Ode to Burns, +Duchess Agnes, etc. <i>Pub. Cas.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Craik, Mrs. Dinah Maria Mulock.</b> 1826 ——. Novelist and poet. Author of +quiet, helpful, earnest stories, among which John Halifax, Gentleman, is +the most noted. Others are, A Brave Lady, A Noble Life, A Woman's +Kingdom, Mistress and Maid, etc. Philip My King and Douglas are two of +her finest poems. <i>Pub. Har. Hou. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Craik, George Lillie.</b> 1799–1866. Historian. Author of a valuable Hist. +Eng. Lit., The English of Shakespeare, Bacon and his Philosophy, etc. +<i>See Rolfe's Craik's English of Shakespeare.</i> <i>Pub. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cranmer, Thos.</b> 1489–1555. Abp. Canterbury. Theologian. <i>See Archdeacon +Todd's Life of, 1831.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Crashaw</b> [crăsh´aw], <b>Richard.</b> c. 1620–1650. Poet. Author of Steps to +the Temple, etc. His verse is fanciful and mystical, but always +melodious. <i>See Turnbull's complete edition of London, 1858.</i> <i>See G. +MacDonald's England's Antiphon and Cornhill Mag., April, 1883.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Creasy, Sir Edward Shepherd.</b> 1812–1878. Historian. Author Fifteen +Decisive Battles of the World, Hist. Ottoman Turks, Hist. of England. +<i>Pub. Ho. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Croker, John Wilson.</b> 1780–1857. Essayist and historical writer. Style +caustic and vigorous. <i>See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Croker, Thos. Crofton.</b> 1798–1854. Irish novelist. Author of romances and +fairy tales, the latter of great beauty.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Croly, George.</b> 1780–1860. Irish poet. Author Angel of the World, +Catiline, etc. His verse has a showy, tinsel brilliancy. <i>Pub. Har. +Rou.</i><span class="pagenum">[34]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cruden</b> [kroo´den], <b>Alexander.</b> 1701–1770. Scotch theologian. Famous as +the author of the well-known Concordance to the Bible. <i>Pub. Lip. Ran. +Wh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cudlip, Mrs. Annie Pender</b>, "Annie Thomas." 18— ——. Novelist. Author +Denis Donne, A Passion in Tatters, Playing for High Stakes, etc. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cudworth, Ralph.</b> 1617–1688. Philosopher. His True Intellectual System +ranks among Eng. prose classics. <i>See edition 1845, 3 vols.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cumberland, Richard.</b> 1632–1718. Bp. Peterborough. Philosophical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cumberland, Richard.</b> 1732–1811. Great-grandson to preceding. Poet and +dramatist. Wrote The West Indian, Wheel of Fortune, and other rather +sentimental comedies. <i>See edition of his dramas, by Jansen, 1813.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cumming, John.</b> 1810–1881. Scotch theologian and popular London preacher. +Author Apocalyptic Sketches, Fall of Babylon Foreshadowed, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cunningham, Allan</b>. 1785–1842. Scotch poet and critic. C. wrote many +spirited songs, among which A Wet Sheet and a Flowing Sea is best known. +Author Hist. British Painters, Life of Wilkie, etc. <i>See Poems and Songs +of, edited by Peter Cunningham, 1847.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cunningham, John.</b> 1729–1773. Irish lyrical poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cunningham, John Wm.</b> 1780–1861. Poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cunningham, Peter.</b> 1816–1869. Son to A. C. Antiquary. Author Handbook of +London, Modern London, Memoir of J. M. W. Turner, etc.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="D" id="D"></a> +<b>Dalrymple, Sir David.</b> 1726–1792. Scotch historian. Author Annals of +Scotland, etc.<span class="pagenum">[35]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dalrymple, John Hamilton.</b> 1726–1810. Scotch historian. Author Memoirs of +Great Britain.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Daniel, Samuel.</b> 1562–1619. Poet and historian. D. wrote a Hist. of the +Civil Wars in 8-line stanzas, also a prose Hist. of England. <i>See +Campbell's Specimens of Eng. Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>D'Arblay, Madame,</b> <i>née</i> <b>Frances Burney.</b> 1752–1840. Novelist. Author +Evelina, Cecilia, Camilla, etc. <i>See her Diary, pub. 1846; also +Contemporary Rev., Dec., 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Darwin, Chas. Robert.</b> 1809–1882. Naturalist. The most notable scientist +of the age, and the originator of the Evolution Theory. He had a clear, +well-balanced mind, and his statements are based on careful observation +and reflection. Origin of Species, Variation under Domestication, +Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals, Descent of Man, Insectivorous +Plants, and Movements in Plants are his chief works. <i>See Atlantic +Monthly, June, 1882; Century Mag., Jan., 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Darwin, Erasmus.</b> 1731–1802. Grandfather to C. D. Poet and physician. +Author of The Botanic Garden, a hard, metallic poem of a scientific +cast, polished and elaborated to excess. <i>See Miss Seward's Memoirs of; +Craik's Eng. Lit., vol. 2; Krause's Life of.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Davenant, Sir Wm.</b> 1605–1688. Dramatist. D. wrote 25 comedies and +tragedies, and the long and feeble heroic poem Gondibert. <i>See Ward's +Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Davies, Sir John.</b> 1570–1626. Poet. Author of Nosce Teipsum, a poem on +the immortality of the soul, of great power and beauty, and a poetical +treatise on dancing, entitled Orchestra. <i>See Grosart's complete +edition, 1876.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i><span class="pagenum">[36]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Davy, Sir Humphrey.</b> 1778–1829. Chemist. Author Researches Chemical and +Philosophical, Elements of Chemical Philosophy, Consolations of Travel, +etc. <i>See Life and Works of, by John Davy, 9 vols., London, 1840.</i> <i>Pub. +Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Day, Thomas.</b> 1748–1789. Author of the famous juvenile tale Sandford and +Merton. <i>Pub. Har. Hou. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Defoe, Daniel.</b> 1661–1731. Political writer and novelist. His stories +form the link connecting the tales and romances of the 17th cent. with +the novel of the 18th. Moll Flanders, Capt. Singleton, and Robinson +Crusoe are among his chief works. Style lively, rapid, and realistic. +<i>See Oxford edition, 20 vols., 1840.</i> <i>See Life, by Lee, 3 vols.; also, +Defoe, by Wm. Minto, in Eng. Men of Letters.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dekker, Thomas.</b> c. 1570–1641. Dramatist. Author Satiriomastix, etc. D. +wrote mainly with other dramatists, but so far as his separate work can +be traced, it shows tenderness and pathos. <i>See Eng. edition of Dekker, +1873.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>De la Rame</b> [deh-lä-rä-mā´], <b>Louisa</b>, "Ouida." 1840 ——. Novelist. +Author of Strathmore, Moths, Bebée, Wanda, etc. An entertaining, +sprightly writer, of much genius, whose works are of a doubtful moral +tendency. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>De Morgan, Augustus.</b> 1806–1871. Mathematician. Author Essays on +Probabilities, Formal Logic, Paradoxes and Problems, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Denham, Sir John.</b> 1615–1668. Poet. His poem Cooper's Hill shows fine +descriptive powers. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dennis, John.</b> 1657–1734. Dramatist and critic. Author of A Plot and No +Plot, Appius and Virginia,<span class="pagenum">[37]</span> The Usefulness of the Stage, The Grounds of +Criticism, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>De Quincey, Thomas.</b> 1785–1859. Critic and essayist. A great master of +Eng. prose. He possessed great acuteness and fine descriptive powers, +but lacked creative ability. Confessions of an Opium-Eater and Murder +Considered as one of the Fine Arts are two of the best examples of his +style. <i>See Page's Life of, 1877; Biographical Sketches by H. +Martineau.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Derby, Earl of.</b> See Stanley, Edward G. S.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>De Redcliffe, Lord Stratford.</b> 1788–1880. Poet and theologian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>De Vere, Sir Aubrey.</b> 1788–1846. Irish poet. Author Julian the Apostate, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>De Vere, Aubrey Thos.</b> 1814 ——. Irish poet. Son to preceding. Author May +Carols, Irish Odes, The Sisters, etc. His verse is pleasing, and +possesses merit.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>De Vere, Edward.</b> Earl of Oxford. 1545–1604. Poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dibdin, Charles.</b> 1745–1814. Poet and miscellaneous writer. Author of a +complete Hist. of the Eng. Stage, but best known by his naval songs, +over 1200 in number. <i>For the latter, see Hogarth's edition, 1843.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dibdin, Thos.</b> 1771–1841. Son to C. D. A prolific song-writer and +playwright. Author of a Metrical Hist. of England, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dibdin, Thos. Frognall.</b> 1776–1847. Bibliographer. Neph. to C. D. Author +Bibliomania, Typographical Antiquities of Gt. Britain, Bibliographical +Decameron, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dicey, Edward Stephen.</b> 1832 ——. Journalist. Author Memoir of Cavour, +Rome in 1860, The Schleswig-Holstein War, etc.<span class="pagenum">[38]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dick, Thomas.</b> 1772–1857. Scotch writer. The Christian Philosopher is his +best known work. <i>Pub. Har. Clx. Phi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dickens, Charles.</b> 1812–1870. Novelist. Author of some 30 novels and +tales, all bearing marks of genius and originality. He is widely read +and admired, and his novels delight readers of all ages. His principal +faults consist in elaborating and dwelling on the grotesque and +unattractive side of humanity, and in overstraining the pathetic +portions of his novels. Pickwick Papers, Nicholas Nickleby, Tale of Two +Cities, David Copperfield, Oliver Twist, and the Christmas Carol are +among the best of his works. <i>See Fields's Yesterdays with Authors, and +Lives by Forster and Mackenzie.</i> <i>Pub. Apt. Est. Har. Hou. Le. Lip. Lit. +Pet. Por. Rou. Os.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Digby, Sir Kenelm.</b> 1603–1665. Philosophical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Digby, Kenelm Henry.</b> 1800 ——. Archæologist. Author Mores Catholici, The +Broad Stone of Honor, etc. An industrious and careful writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dilke, Chas. Wentworth.</b> 1789–1864. Critical writer of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dilke, Sir Chas. Wentworth.</b> 1843 ——. Grandson to preceding. Traveler +and political writer. Author Greater Britain, The Fall of Prince +Florestan of Monaco, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Lip. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dillon, Wentworth.</b> Earl of Roscommon. 1633–1684. Poet. Essay on +Translated Verse is his chief work. Style elegant and cold.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Disraeli</b> [diz-rā´el-ee], <b>Benj.</b> 1805–1881. Novelist and statesman. Son +to I. D. A talented and successful writer, possessed of great energy and +strength of will. In his novels the leading people<span class="pagenum">[39]</span> of his time are +satirized. Vivian Gray, his first novel, and Endymion, his last, +appeared fifty-five years apart. Others are Contarini Fleming, Henrietta +Temple, Coningsby, Venetia, Tancred, and Lothair, all brilliant and +showy productions. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Disraeli, Isaac.</b> 1766–1848. An industrious writer of miscellaneous +works, the best known being Curiosities of Lit., Calamities of Authors, +Quarrels of Authors, etc. <i>See edition of, by his son, 1850.</i> <i>Pub. Arm. +Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dixon, Wm. Hepworth.</b> 1821–1879. Historian and biographer. Author +Personal Hist. of Lord Bacon, New America, Hist. of Two Queens, Her +Majesty's Tower, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dobell</b> [dŏ-bell´], <b>Sydney.</b> 1824–1874. Poet. A writer who has an +honorable place among modern minor poets. Author of The Roman, Balder, +etc. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets; Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i> <i>See +complete English edition, 1875; also, Life and Letters of, London, +1879.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dobson, Austin.</b> 1840 ——. Poet and critic. Author Vignettes in Rhyme, +Proverbs in Porcelain, etc. An exceedingly graceful writer, whose poems +all show a cultivated imagination and much tenderness of expression. +Among the best are After Sedan, The Dead Letter, and The Young Musician. +Fielding, in Eng. Men of Letters, is his chief prose work. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Doddridge, Philip.</b> 1702–1751. Moralist. Author Rise and Progress of +Religion in the Soul, Family Expositor, Hymns, etc. Style plain and +simple. <i>See edition of, Leeds, 1802, 10 vols.; also, Life and +Correspondence, 5 vols., London, 1831, and Life, by D. A. Harsha.</i><span class="pagenum">[40]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dodsley, Robert.</b> 1703–1764. Poet and publisher. Author Economy of Human +Life, etc. Best known by his Collection of Old Plays. <i>See edition by W. +Carew Hazlitt, 1875.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Donne</b> [dŏn], <b>John.</b> 1573–1631. Poet and theologian. His versification +is rugged, and his style obscure and fantastic, but his poems, both +religious and amatory, contain much beauty of thought. His seven Satires +are vigorous efforts. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i> <i>See Dean +Alford's 6 vol. edition, 8vo, London, 1838.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Doran, John.</b> 1807–1878. Biographer. Author Lives of Queens of the House +of Hanover, Monarchs Retired from Business, Hist. Court Fools, New +Pictures and Old Panels, etc. <i>Pub. Arm.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dorset, 6th Earl of.</b> See Sackville, Geo.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dorset, 1st Earl of.</b> See Sackville, Thos. See Buckhurst, Lord.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Douglas, Gawain.</b> 1474–1522. Bp. Dunkeld. Scotch poet. D. was the first +metrical translator of Virgil in Gt. Britain. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, +vol. 1.</i> <i>See complete Eng. edition by J. Small, 1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dowden, Edward.</b> 1843 ——. Poet and Shakespearean scholar. Author +Shakespeare's Mind and Art, Southey, in Eng. Men of Letters, Poems, etc. +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Drayton, Michael.</b> 1563–1631. Poet. His chief work is the Polyolbion, a +poetical description of Britain in 100,000 lines. A far better work is +the Nymphidia, an exquisitely graceful, mock heroic fairy poem. <i>See +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Drummond, William</b> [of Hawthornden]. 1585–1649. Scotch poet. His Sonnets +are his best production. <i>See Memoirs by Masson, 1863.</i> <i>Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 1.</i><span class="pagenum">[41]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dryden, John.</b> 1631–1700. Poet and dramatist. His verse takes a wide +range: in satire we have Absalom and Achitophel, MacFlecknoe, etc.; in +theology, Religio Laici, Hind and Panther, etc.; in drama, some thirty +plays; in translation, his Virgil; and in lyric poetry, his magnificent +Ode for St. Cecilia's Day. D. had great genius, not always worthily +employed. His dramas, when not stilted, are licentious, and as a +satirist he is bitter, personal, and coarse. <i>See Masson's Essays, and +Lowell's Among My Books; also, Dryden, by Saintsbury, in Eng. Men of +Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Hou. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dugdale, Sir Wm.</b> 1605–1685. Antiquary. Author Antiquities of +Warwickshire, and other valuable antiquarian works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dunbar, Wm.</b> 1465–1530. Scotch poet. D. wrote The Thistle and Rose, The +Golden Terge, etc. His witty, striking, and original genius is closely +akin to that of Burns. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>D'Urfey, Thos.</b> 1650–1723. Dramatist. Witty, but coarse and immoral.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dutt, Toru.</b> 1856–1877. Hindu poetess. A writer of much genius. Ballads +of Hindustan, and Sheafs Gleaned from French Fields, a vol. of fine Eng. +translations, are her chief works. <i>See Lit. World, June 17, 1882.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dyce, Alexander.</b> 1798–1869. Scotch Shakespearean scholar of note. <i>See +his edition of Shakespeare, with Glossary, 1867.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dyer, George.</b> 1755–1841. Author Hist. University of Cambridge, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dyer, John.</b> 1698–1758. Welsh poet. Author Grongar Hill, The Fleece, and +Ruins of Rome. His verse is natural and unaffected. <i>See Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 3.</i><span class="pagenum">[42]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Dyer, Thos. Henry.</b> 1804 ——. Historian. Author Hist. Modern Europe, +Ancient Athens, Hist. Kings of Rome, Hist. City of Rome, and Life of +Calvin. <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="E" id="E"></a> +<b>Eadmer</b> [ĕd´mer]. —— 1124. Bp. St. Andrews. Wrote a Latin Hist. of +his Own Time.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Earle, John.</b> 1601–1655. Bp. Worcester. The reputed author of the +Micosmography, a remarkable vol. of studies of character.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Eastlake, Sir Chas.</b> 1793–1865. Artist. Author Hist. Gothic Revival, +Materials for a Hist. Oil Painting, etc. <i>See Lady Eastlake's Biography +of, 1870.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Eden</b> [ē´den], <b>Sir Fred'k Morton.</b> 1766–1809. Author of a valuable +Hist. of the Laboring Classes of England, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Edgeworth, Maria.</b> 1767–1849. Novelist. Author Rosamond, Castle Rackrent, +Belinda, Helen, etc. Style didactic, but entertaining. Her juvenile +tales are numerous and popular. <i>See Study of Miss Edgeworth, by Mrs. +Oliver, 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Edwards, Amelia Blandford.</b> 1831 ——. Novelist and Egyptologist. Author +Barbara's History, Lord Brackenbury, etc. A writer of much talent, whose +rank among Eng. novelists is a high one. <i>See Lit. World, June 4, 1881.</i> +<i>Pub. Har. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Edwards, Mrs. Annie.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Susan Fielding, Ought We to +Visit Her? and Archie Lovell are among the best of her excellent novels. +<i>Pub. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Edwards, Matilda Betham.</b> 1836 ——. Novelist. Cousin to A. B. E. Author +Doctor Jacob, Kitty, etc. Style clear and picturesque. <i>Pub. Har. Lip. +Rob.</i><span class="pagenum">[43]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Edwards, Richard.</b> 1523–1566. Poet. Principal author of the famous +poetical collection of his day, The Paradise of Dainty Devices.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Eliot, George.</b> See Evans, Marian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ellicott, Chas. John.</b> 1819 ——. Bp. Gloucester and Bristol. Theologian. +Author The New Testament Commentary, Historical Lect. on the Life of +Christ, etc. <i>Pub. Arm. Dra. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Elliott, Ebenezer.</b> 1781–1849. Poet. Known as the Corn-Law Rhymer. His +verse is earnest and ardent, and shows much feeling. <i>See Life of, by +Searle.</i> <i>See Eng. edition, 1876.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ellis, George.</b> 1745–1815. Antiquarian of note. Best known by his +valuable work, Specimens of Early Eng. Poets.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ellis, Sir Henry.</b> 1777–1869. Antiquarian writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ellis, Mrs. Sarah</b> [Stickney]. 1812–1872. Author Women of England, +Daughters of England, Wives of England, Mothers of England, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ellwood, Thos.</b> 1639–1713. Poet. Author of a dull poem entitled The +Davideis.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Elphinstone</b> [ĕl´fin-stȏn], <b>James.</b> 1721–1809. Scotch grammarian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Elphinstone, Mountstuart.</b> 1779–1859. Historical writer. Author Hist. of +India, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Elyot</b> [ĕl´ĭ-ȏt], <b>Sir Thos.</b> c. 1495–1546. Moralist. Author +Defence of Good Women, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Emerson-Tennent, Sir James.</b> 1804–1869. Historical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Erskine, Thos.</b> 1750–1823. Jurist. <i>See Select Speeches, with Memoir by +Walford, 2 vols., 8vo, London, 1870.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Etheridge, Sir George.</b> 1636–1694. Comic dramatist. Author of The Comical +Revenge, She Would if She Could, etc. Style sprightly and witty. <i>See +Living Age, Apr. 30, 1881.</i><span class="pagenum">[44]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Evans, Marian</b>, "George Eliot." 1820–1880. Novelist and poet. A complete +list of her works comprises translations of Strauss's Life of Jesus and +Feuerbach's Essence of Christianity; the novels, Scenes of Clerical +Life, Adam Bede, Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner, Romola, Felix Holt, +Middlemarch, and Daniel Deronda; the long poems, Spanish Gypsy, Agatha, +Legend of Jubal, and How Lisa Loved the King, with a few short ones; and +a vol. of essays, entitled Impressions of Theophrastus Such. The +strength of her novels lies in their wonderful delineations of +character, their subtle analysis of motive as acted on by circumstance, +and the lofty wisdom that infuses the whole. They awaken the best +impulses of humanity, and appeal to all the finer sympathies. Her style +is strongly marked, often picturesque, and her descriptions clear and +distinct. Her poems, though containing many beautiful passages, do not, +with one or two exceptions, take a high rank. The best one is probably +the famous O May I Join the Choir Invisible. <i>See George Eliot, by +Mathilde Blind; Hutton's Essays; Cent. Mag., Nov., 1881; Eclectic Mag., +April, 1881; Lit. World, Feb. 24, 1883; and Galaxy Mag., June, 1869.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Evelyn, John.</b> 1620–1706. Agricultural writer. Author of Sylva Terra and +a famous Diary, which accurately reflects the manners of his time. <i>See +Diary and Letters of, edited by John Forster, 1857.</i> <i>See London +edition, 1875.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="F" id="F"></a> +<b>Faber Frederick William.</b> 1815–1863. Religious poet. Author of a number +of beautiful and popular Hymns. <i>Pub. Dut. Mur. Wh. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Faber, George Stanley.</b> 1773–1854. Theologian.<span class="pagenum">[45]</span> Author of The Sacred +Calendar of Prophecy, etc. Style clear and exact.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fabyan, Robert,</b> c. 1456–1512. Chronicler. Wrote a Concordance of +Histories, which begins with Brutus and ends with his own time.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fairfax, Edward.</b> —— 1632. Poet. Author of a fine translation of Tasso. +<i>See Am. edition, 1855, 12mo.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Falconer</b> [fawk´ner], <b>Wm.</b> 1730–1769. Scotch poet. Author of The +Shipwreck, a poem of considerable beauty, and a Marine Dict. <i>See +Campbell's Specimens of the Eng. Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fanshawe, Sir Richard.</b> 1608–1666. Poet. Translator of Camoens's Lusiad, +and author of some graceful poems.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Faraday, Michael.</b> 1791–1867. Chemist. Author of numerous scientific +works, The Chemistry of a Candle, Physical Forces, etc. <i>See Life and +Letters of, 1870, by J. Bruce Jones, Tyndall's Faraday as a Discoverer, +and Life, by J. H. Gladstone.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Farjeon, Benjamin Leopold.</b> 1833 ——. Novelist. Joshua Marvel, Grif, +Blade-o'-Grass, London's Heart, and Bells of Penraven are among his best +works. Style akin to that of Dickens. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Farmer, Richard.</b> 1735–1797. Shakespearean scholar. Author Essay on the +Learning of Shakespeare.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Farquhar</b> [far´kwar or far´kär], <b>George.</b> 1678–1707. Irish dramatist. A +writer of brilliant, sparkling comedies, full of good feeling. The +Beaux' Stratagem and The Recruiting Officer are the best. <i>See his +comedies edited by Leigh Hunt.</i> <i>See Atlantic Monthly, March, 1882.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[46]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Farrar, Frederic Wm.</b> 1831 ——. Theologian. Author Life of Christ, +Eternal Hope, Life and Epistles of St. Paul, Seekers after God, etc. Of +several stories by him, St. Winifred's is perhaps the best. <i>Pub. Cas. +Dut. Fu. Lip. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fawcett, Henry.</b> 1833 ——. Writer on Political Economy. Author Free Trade +and Protection, Pauperism—its Causes and Remedies, Manual of Political +Economy, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fawcett, Millicent Garrett.</b> 1847 ——. Wife to H. F. Author Tales in +Political Economy, Political Economy for Beginners, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Feltham, Owen.</b> c. 1608–1677. Essayist. Author Divine and Moral Resolves. +Style pointed and sententious.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fenton, Elijah.</b> 1683–1730. Poet. Assisted Pope in translating the +Odyssey. His original verse is not unmusical.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ferguson, Adam.</b> 1724–1816. Scotch historian and philosopher. Author +Hist. of Civil Society, Hist. Progress and Termination of Roman Empire, +etc. Style clear and scholarly.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ferguson, James.</b> 1710–1776. Scotch philosophical and mathematical +writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fergusson, James.</b> 1808 ——. Scotch architectural writer of note. Author +Hist. of Architecture. <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fergusson, Robert.</b> 1750–1774. Scotch poet. Author of The Farmer's Ingle, +etc. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ferrar, Nicholas.</b> 1592–1637. Religious writer. <i>See Atlantic Monthly, +Aug. 1871.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ferrier, James.</b> 1808–1864. Scotch metaphysician. His Institutes of +Metaphysics is a work of much learning and acuteness.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ferrier, Susan Edmonstone.</b> 1782–1854. Scotch<span class="pagenum">[47]</span> novelist. Aunt to J. F. +Author of Marriage, The Inheritance, and Destiny. Her works show much +humor and are piquant in style. <i>See Eng. edition 1841.</i> <i>See Temple +Bar, Nov., 1878, and London Lit. World, March 31, 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Har. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fielding, Henry.</b> 1707–1754. Novelist. With Richardson he founded a new +school of fiction, distinguished by a careful study of character and a +more truthful drawing of human nature than what had preceded. Joseph +Andrews, Amelia, and Tom Jones, though stamped with the coarseness of +his age, will continue to be read for their originality, wit, and acute +reflections. <i>See Thackeray's Eng. Humorists, Masson's Novelists and +their Styles, and Dobson's Fielding in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Har. +Lit. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Finlay, George.</b> 1800–1875. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Greece under +the Romans, Hist. Byzantine and Greek Empires, Hist. Greece under +Ottoman and Venetian Dominion, and Hist. of the Greek Revolution. A +standard authority. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fisher, Edward.</b> 1620–1660. Welsh theologian. Author of a noted +controversial work called The Marrow of Modern Divinity.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fitzgerald, Edward.</b> 1808–1883. Translator of note. Author of scholarly +translations of Omar Khayyam, Calderon, and Æschylus.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fitzgerald, Percy.</b> 1834 ——. Novelist and littérateur. Author Romance of +the English Stage, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fitzgerald, Wm.</b> 1814 ——. Bp. Killaloe. Theologian. Author Holy +Scripture, The Ultimate Rule of Faith, Life of Butler, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Flamsteed, John.</b> 1646–1719. Astronomical writer.<span class="pagenum">[48]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fletcher, Sir Andrew</b> [of Saltoun]. 1663–1716. Political writer. <i>See +Erskine's Life of, 1792.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fletcher, Giles.</b> 1588–1623. Poet. Bro. to P. F. and cousin to J. F. +Author Christ's Victory and Triumph, a long poem in 8-line stanzas. <i>See +Works edited by Grosart, 1876.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fletcher, John.</b> 1576–1625. Dramatist. Colleague of Beaumont. Among plays +attributed solely to F. are Rule a Wife and Have a Wife, Beggar's Bush, +and the exquisite pastoral drama The Faithful Shepherdess. He wrote, +also, portions of Shakespeare's Two Noble Kinsmen and Henry VIII., +perhaps his finest effort being the famous Wolsey Soliloquy in the +latter. See Beaumont, F. <i>See Dyce's edition, 1843.</i> <i>See Lamb's +Specimens of the Dramatic Poets, Schlegel's Dramatic Lit., and Ward's +Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fletcher, Mrs. Maria Jane.</b> [Jewsbury.] 1800–1833. Poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fletcher, Phineas.</b> 1584–1650. Poet. Bro. to G. F. and cousin to J. F. F. +wrote a long and curious allegorical and anatomical poem, The Purple +Island. The subject, fantastically and minutely treated, is the human +body. <i>See Southey's Early Eng. Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Florio, John.</b> 1545–1625. Grammarian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fonblanque</b> [fŏn-blănk´], <b>Albany.</b> 1797–1872. Journalist. Author +England under Seven Administrations. <i>See Life and Labors of, 1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Foote, Samuel.</b> 1721–1777. Comic dramatist. The Liar and one or two other +farces of his still keep the stage. <i>See Fosters Essays and Life by +Coke, 1805.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Forbes, Alexander Penrose.</b> 1817–1875. Bp. Brechin.<span class="pagenum">[49]</span> Theologian. Author +Explanation of the Thirty-Nine Articles, etc. <i>See Memoir, 1876.</i> <i>Pub. +Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Forbes, Archibald.</b> 1838 ——. Scotch journalist. Author Soldiering and +Scribbling, Glimpses through the Cannon Smoke, etc. <i>Pub. Osg. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Forbes, James David.</b> 1809–1868. Scientist. Author Theory of Glaciers, +etc. <i>See Life and Letters of by John C. Shairp, 1873.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ford, John.</b> 1586–1639. Dramatist. His plays all deal with unhappy love, +but are powerful though morbid. The Broken Heart, his best work, is a +masterpiece of pathos. His style possesses great beauty. <i>See Moxon's +edition Old Eng. Dramatists, and Swinburne's Essays and Studies.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Forrester, Mrs.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author Dolores, Diana Carew, Mignon, +etc. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Forster, John.</b> 1812–1876. Essayist and biographer. Author lives of +Dickens, Goldsmith, Landor, Swift, Statesmen of the Commonwealth of +Eng., etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fortescue, Sir John.</b> c. 1395–1485. Legal writer. De Laudibus Legum +Angliæ.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Foster, John.</b> 1770–1843. Essayist. His style has both vigor and beauty. +<i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fothergill, Jessie.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author The First Violin, Kith +and Kin, One of Three, etc. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fox, Chas. James.</b> 1749–1806. Orator and historian. <i>See edition of his +Speeches, 6 vols., London, 1815, and Life, by Geo. O. Trevelyan.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fox, George.</b> 1624–1690. Theological writer. Founder of the Society of +Friends. <i>See Life, by S. M. Janney.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fox, John.</b> 1517–1587. Martyrologist. Author of the famous Book of +Martyrs. <i>Pub. Cas. Clx.</i><span class="pagenum">[50]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Francillon, R. E.</b> 1841 ——. Novelist. Author Under Slieve Ban, Rare Good +Luck, Queen Cophetua, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Francis, Sir Philip.</b> 1740–1818. Political writer. Supposed author of the +famous Junius Letters, a series of powerful political tracts. <i>See +Junius, Johnson's Cyc.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fraser, James Baillie.</b> 1783–1856. Novelist and traveller. Author of The +Kuzzilbash, Hist. Persia, etc. <i>See Chambers Cyc. Eng. Lit., vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Freeman, Edward Augustus.</b> 1823 ——. Historian. Author Hist. Norman +Conquest, Wm. Rufus and Henry First, Hist. Architecture, Unity of Hist., +etc. An eminently thorough, accurate writer, whose Norman Conquest is +one of the most important of English histories. Style animated and +scholarly. <i>Pub. Ho. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fremantle, Wm. Henry.</b> 1831 ——. Theologian. Author The Gospel of the +Secular Life, Bampton Lect. 1883, etc. <i>Pub. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Freer, Martha Walker.</b> 1822 ——. Historian. Author Life of Marguerite of +Navarre, Life of Henry III. of France, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Frere</b> [freer], <b>John Hookham.</b> 1769–1846. Poet. A writer of merit in +translation and in original verse. <i>See Eng. edition of, 2 vols., +London, 1872.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Friswell, James Hain.</b> 1827–1878. Essayist. Author Familiar Words, The +Gentle Life, Francis Spira and other Poems, etc. <i>Pub. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Froude</b> [frood], <b>James Anthony.</b> 1818 ——. Historian and essayist. Author +Hist. of England, The English in Ireland, Short Studies on Great +Subjects, The Nemesis of Faith, etc. His historical portraits are +brilliant and his historical grouping dramatic, but his judgments of men +and motives<span class="pagenum">[51]</span> are open to criticism. All his works show great labor and +research. <i>Pub. Har. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Froude, Richard Hurrel.</b> 1803–1836. Bro. to J. A. F. Religious writer. +<i>See Remains of, 4 vols., London, 1838.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fuller, Thomas.</b> 1608–1661. Historian and biographer. Author Ch. Hist., +Hist. of Worthies of England, Sermons, Holy State, etc. A quaint, +humorous, original writer of great eminence in his own day and still +read with pleasure. <i>See Life, by Russell, 1844.</i> <i>Pub. Dut. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fullerton, Lady Georgiana.</b> 1812 ——. Novelist. Grantley Manor, Constance +Sherwood, Too Strange Not to be True, and Lady Bird, are some of her +works. <i>Pub. Apl. Cath. Pi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Furnivall, Fred'k James.</b> 1825 ——. Shakespearean scholar. Editor of the +Leopold Shakespeare.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Fyffe, Chas. Alan.</b> 1845 ——. Historian. Author Modern Europe, Hist. +Greece in Appleton's Hist. Primers, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Ho.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="G" id="G"></a> +<b>Gale, Theophilus.</b> 1628–1678. Theologian. Author of The Court of the +Gentiles.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Galt, John.</b> 1779–1839. Scotch novelist. Author Annals of a Parish, +Ayrshire Legatees, Life Lord Byron, etc. A prolific writer who has +carefully drawn Scotch provincial and peasant life. <i>See Autobiography, +1834.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gardiner, Sam'l Rawson.</b> 1829 ——. Historian. Author of The 30 Years' +War, 1618–1648. Eng. Hist. for Students, etc. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Garrett, Edward.</b> See Mayo, Mrs. Isabella.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Garrick, David.</b> 1716–1779. Dramatist. Author Lying Valet, Miss In her +Teens, etc. <i>See Life, by Percy Fitzgerald, 1872.</i><span class="pagenum">[52]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Garth, Samuel.</b> 1672–1719. Poet and physician. His mock epic, The +Dispensary, is a feeble work. <i>See Ward's English Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gascoigne, Mrs. Caroline Leigh.</b> 1813 ——. Novelist and poet. Author +Doctor Harold, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gascoigne, George.</b> 1530–1577. Poet. The Steel Glass his chief work. <i>See +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gaskell, Mrs. Elizabeth Cleghorn.</b> 1810–1865. Novelist and biographer. +Author of Ruth, Sylvia's Lovers, Wives and Daughters, Mary Barton, etc. +Her books are earnest and well written; Cranford, in fact, is almost a +classic work, and her Life of Charlotte Brontë is a much-admired +biography. <i>See Lit. World, July 1, 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gast, John.</b> 1715–1788. Irish historian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gatty, Alfred.</b> 1813 ——. Author The Vicar and His Duties, Study of In +Memoriam, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gatty, Mrs. Margaret.</b> 1809–1873. Wife to A. G. Author Parables from +Nature, The Fairy Godmother, Proverbs Illustrated, Aunt Judy's Tales, +etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gauden, John.</b> 1605–1664. Bp. Worcester. His Ikōn Basilikē +professed to be the work of Charles I., of whose sufferings it was an +account, and its true authorship has occasioned much controversy.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gay, John.</b> 1688–1732. Poet and dramatist. G. wrote The Beggar's Opera, a +famous musical drama, and numerous other works. <i>See edition of his +Poems, London, 1806.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3, and Gay's Fables +edited by Austin Dobson.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gell</b> [jĕl], <b>Sir Wm.</b> 1777–1836. Archæologist. Author Topography of +Rome, etc.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[53]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Geoffrey</b> [jĕf´rĭ] +<b>of Dunstable.</b> —— 1146. Author of a miracle +play of St. Catherine 1110, usually considered the first dramatic work +in any modern language.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Geoffrey of Monmouth.</b> c. 1100–1154. Bp. St. Asaph, Anglo-Saxon +Chronicler.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gibbon, Edward.</b> 1737–1794. Historian. Author of the Decline and Fall of +the Roman Empire; a masterly work, artistically conceived and carried +out, with great research and careful detail. See Milman's edition, 1845. +<i>See Autobiography edited by Milman, 1839.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gifford, Wm.</b> 1757–1826. Critic and reviewer. G. wrote the Baviad and +Mæviad, two sharp literary satires, and as editor of the Quarterly +Review was author of many bitter, satirical reviews. <i>See Hazlitt's +Spirit of the Age.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilbert, Wm.</b> 1540–1603. Philosophical writer. Author De Magnete.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilbert, Wm.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author De Profundis, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilbert, Wm. Schevenck.</b> 1836 ——. Dramatist and humorous poet; son to +preceding. Author of The Bab Ballads, Original Plays, and of the +librettos of Pinafore, Pirates of Penzance, The Sorcerer, Patience, +Iolanthe, etc. <i>See Scribner's Mag., Sept. 1879.</i> <i>Pub. Por. Rou. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilchrist, Alexander.</b> 1827–1861. Biographer and art writer. Author lives +of Blake and Etty.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gildas.</b> fl. c. 510. Anglo-Latin Chronicler. <i>See Stevenson's edition, +London, 1838.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilfillan, George.</b> 1813–1878. Scotch miscellaneous writer. Author +Gallery of Literary Portraits, Life of Walter Scott, Bards of the Bible, +etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilfillan, Robert.</b> c. 1798–1850. Scotch poet.<span class="pagenum">[54]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gillies, John.</b> 1747–1836. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Ancient Greece, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gilpin, John.</b> 1724–1804. Critic and biographer. Author Life of Bernard +Gilpin, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Giraldus, Cambrensis.</b> 1147–1216. Welsh historian and poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Girdlestone, Chas.</b> 1797–1881. Religious writer. Author Concordance to +the Prayer-Book, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gladstone, Wm. Ewart.</b> 1809 ——. Statesman and essayist. Author of +Juventus Mundi, Homeric Studies, The Vatican Decrees, etc. Style +polished and able. <i>See Sketch of, by H. W. Lucy, Short Life of, by C. +H. Jones, and Life, by Geo. Barnett Smith.</i> <i>Also Harper's Mag., April, +1882.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gloucester</b> [glŏs-ter], <b>Robert of.</b> fl. c. 1280. Rhyming chronicler.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Glover, Richard.</b> 1712–1785. Poet. Author of Leonidas, an epic, Hosier's +Ghost, etc. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Godwin, Mrs. Mary Wollstonecraft.</b> 1759–1797. Wife to W. G. Author +Vindication of the Rights of Women, etc. Style bold and able. <i>See +Atlantic Monthly, Dec. 1880.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Godwin, Wm.</b> 1756–1836. Philosopher and novelist. Author Caleb Williams, +St. Leon, Cloudesly, Answer to Malthus, Political Justice, etc. <i>See +Life, by Kegan Paul, 1876, and Leslie Stephen's Hours in a Library.</i> +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Goldsmith, Oliver.</b> 1728–1774. Irish poet and novelist. A writer of great +delicacy and purity of sentiment, possessing a simple, delightful style. +His poems, The Deserted Village and The Traveller, are charming pieces +of description; his comedies, The Good-Natured Man and She Stoops to +Conquer,<span class="pagenum">[55]</span> are bright and sparkling, the latter being perennially fresh; +and his novel, The Vicar of Wakefield, is an Eng. classic. <i>See Lives, +by Prior, Forster, W. Irving, and Goldsmith by Wm. Black in Eng. Men of +Letters.</i> <i>See Select Poems of, edited by W.J. Rolfe.</i> <i>Pub. Clx. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Good, John Mason.</b> 1764–1827. Physician and miscellaneous writer. Author +Study of Medicine, The Book of Nature, Medical Technology, etc. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gordon, George, Lord Byron.</b> 1788–1824. Childe Harold, Prisoner of +Chillon, and Don Juan are his finest poems. A writer of great power and +strong personality, whose talent was warped by license and self-will. +Don Juan, his most brilliant poem, sins deeply against morality. +Manfred, The Giaour, and Lara are striking poems. <i>See Lives by Galt, +Moore, E. Brydges, Lake, and Elze; also, Byron, by Nichols, in Eng. Men +of Letters, and the Real Lord Byron by J. C. Jeaffreson.</i> <i>See Quarterly +Rev., July, 1868, and prefaces to respective editions by Wm. Rossetti +and A. C. Swinburne.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gore, Mrs. Catherine Grace.</b> 1799–1861. Novelist. A prolific writer of +society tales. Author of The Cabinet Minister, The Royal Favorite, etc. +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gosse, Edmund W.</b> 1849 ——. Poet and critic. Son to P. H. G. Author of +Viol and Flute, King Erik, New Poems, Grey in Eng. Men of Letters, etc. +A lyrist of much merit. <i>See Harper's Mag. May, 1882, "Some London +Poets."</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gosse, Philip Henry.</b> 1810 ——. Zoölogist. Author Romance of Natural +Hist., Marine Zoölogy, Evenings with the Microscope, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. A. +T. S. Lip.</i><span class="pagenum">[56]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Goulbourn, Edward Meyrick.</b> 1818 ——. Religious writer. Author Thoughts +on Personal Religion, The Holy Catholic Ch., Pursuit of Holiness, etc. +<i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gould, Baring.</b> See Baring-Gould.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gower, John.</b> 1350–1402. Poet. G. wrote the Speculum Meditantis, in +French, Vox Clamantis, in Latin, and Confessio Amantis in Eng. <i>See +edition, 3 vols. 8vo, London, 1857.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1; +also Rolfe's edition of Pericles.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Græme</b> [grām], <b>John.</b> 1748–1772. Scotch poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Graham, Ennis.</b> See Molesworth, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grahame, James.</b> 1765–1811. Scotch poet. Author of The Sabbath, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grahame, James, Marquis of Montrose.</b> 1612–1650. Lyric poet. Author of +the famous lyric My Dear and Only Love. <i>See Biographies by Napier, +1856, and Grant, 1858.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grahame, James.</b> 1790–1842. Scotch historian. Author Hist. U. S., etc. +Style dignified and impartial.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Granger, James.</b> 1716–1766. Historian. Author Biographical Hist. of +England.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grant, Mrs. Anne</b> [of Laggan]. 1755–1838. Scotch poet and miscellaneous +writer. Author Memoirs of an American Lady 1808, etc. <i>See Memoirs and +Correspondence of, 3 vols., 1844.</i> <i>Pub. Mu.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grant, James.</b> 1806 ——. Journalist. Author of The Bench and the Bar, +Sketches in London, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grant, James.</b> 1822 ——. Scotch novelist. Author Hist. of India, and a +long list of novels which do not take a very high rank. <i>Pub. Cas. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grattan, Thos. Colley.</b> 1796–1864. Irish novelist and poet. Author +Highways and Byways, Hist. of the Netherlands, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i><span class="pagenum">[57]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gray, David.</b> 1831–1861. Scotch poet. Author of The Luggie, etc. <i>See H. +G. Bell's edition, 1874.</i> <i>See R. Buchanan's David Gray and Other +Essays, 1868.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gray, Thomas.</b> 1716–1771. Poet. Author of The Bard, Progress of Poesy, +Elegy in a Country Churchyard, etc. A writer of much refinement of +expression and quiet sentiment. The calm beauty of the Elegy has made it +one of the most popular of Eng. poems. <i>See Gray, by E. W. Gosse, in +Eng. Men of Letters, Mason's Biog., 1778, and Selected Poems of, edited +by W. J. Rolfe.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Green, John Richard.</b> 1837–1883. Historian. Author Short Hist. of the +Eng. People, The Making of England, Stray Studies, Hist. of the Eng. +People, etc. A picturesque, accurate writer, with great originality and +clearness of style. <i>See N. Y. Nation, March 29, 1883, Contemporary +Rev., May, 1883, Journal of Education, June, 1883, British Quarterly +Rev., July, 1883, and Fortnightly Rev., May, 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Green, Matthew.</b> 1696–1737. Poet. The author of a curious reflective poem +called The Spleen. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Greene, Robert.</b> 1560–1592. Dramatist. A prolific writer of humorous +plays, but now best known by his confession entitled Greene's Groat's +Worth of Wit bought with a Million of Repentance. <i>See Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Greenwell, Dora.</b> 1821–1882. Poet and miscellaneous writer. Author +Stories That Might be True, The Patience of Hope, John Woolman, Camera +Obscura, A Present Heaven, etc. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Greg, Wm. Rathbone.</b> 1812–1881. Essayist. Author of Rocks Ahead, Enigmas +of Life, Literary<span class="pagenum">[58]</span> and Social Judgments, Creed of Christendom, etc., +works of a thoughtful, pessimistic cast. <i>See Macmillan's Mag., June, +1883.</i> <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grenville, George, Lord Nugent.</b> 1788–1850. Author Memorials of Hampden, +Lands Classical and Lay, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Greville, Sir Fulke, Lord Brooke.</b> 1554–1628. Poet and philosopher. +Author Life of Sydney, etc. <i>See Grosart's edition of, 1870.</i> <i>See +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Griffin, Gerald.</b> 1803–1840. Irish poet and novelist. Author of The +Collegians, etc. <i>See complete Eng. edition by Griffin, 1857.</i> <i>Pub. +Rou. Sad.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grindon, Leopold Hartley.</b> 1818 ——. Author Life—its Nature, Varieties, +and Phenomena, The Shakespeare Flora, etc. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grosseteste</b> [grōs-test], <b>Robert.</b> c. 1175–1253. Bp. London. +Anglo-Norman poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grote, George.</b> 1794–1871. Historian. Best known by his Hist. of Greece, +a standard work. <i>See Life, by Mrs. Grote, 1873.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Grove, George.</b> 1820 ——. Musical critic. Author Dict. of Music and +Musicians, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Guest, Lady Charlotte.</b> See Schreiber, Lady Charlotte.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gunter, Edmund.</b> 1581–1626. Mathematical writer. Inventor of the terms +co-sine, co-tangent, etc. The phrase "according to Gunter" arose from +his scale of measurement being the standard one.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Gurney, Joseph John.</b> 1788–1847. Philanthropist. Author Notes on Prison +Discipline, and numerous religious works. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Guthrie</b> [gŭth´rĭ], <b>Thomas.</b> 1803–1873. Scotch philanthropist. +Author Plea for Ragged Schools, Man and the Gospel, Out of Harness, etc. +<i>See Life, 1873.</i> <i>Pub. Ca.</i><span class="pagenum">[59]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Guthrie, Wm.</b> 1708–1770. Scotch historian. Author Hist. of England, Hist. +of Scotland, etc. His works have been entirely superseded by later +authorities.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="H" id="H"></a> +<b>Habington, Wm.</b> 1605–1654. Poet. An ingenious writer of love poems. <i>See +Eng. edition by Arber, 1870.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hailes, Lord.</b> See Dalrymple, Sir D.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hakluyt</b> [hăk´loot], <b>Richard.</b> 1553–1616. Chronicler and geographer. +Hakluyt's Voyages is an important collection of narratives of earlier or +contemporary voyages. <i>See edition of, 5 vols. 4to, London, 1809–12.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hale, Sir Matthew.</b> 1609–1676. Moral and religious writer. <i>See Life by +Burnet in Wordsworth's Ecclesiastical Biog.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hales, John.</b> 1584–1656. Polemical writer. Styled "The Ever Memorable." +Chiefly noted for his Golden Remains. <i>See Life by Des Maizeaux.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hales, Stephen.</b> 1677–1761. One of the earliest writers on vegetable +physiology.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hales, Wm.</b> 1769–1831. Irish theologian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Haliburton, Thos. Chandler.</b> 1805–1865. Nova Scotian humorist. Author Sam +Slick, etc. <i>Pub. Di. Har. Hou. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Halifax, Earl of.</b> See Montagu, Chas.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Halifax, Marquess.</b> See Saville, George.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hall, Mrs. Anna Maria.</b> 1805–1881. Wife to S. C. H. Irish novelist and +miscellaneous writer. Author Sketches of Irish Character, The Outlaw, +The Whiteboy, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hall, Basil.</b> 1798–1844. Scotch writer of travels.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[60]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Hall, Edward.</b> —— 1547. Chronicler. A minute and valuable writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hall, Joseph.</b> 1547–1676. Bp. Norwich. Theologian and satirist. Sometimes +styled the founder of Eng. satire. A vivacious and excellent writer. +<i>See edition 1837. See Hannay's Satire and Satirists, and Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hall, Newman,</b> 1816 ——. Congregationalist religious writer. Author Come +to Jesus, The Forum and the Vatican, etc. <i>Pub. Phi. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hall, Robert.</b> 1764–1831. Baptist religious writer. Author Sermons on +Modern Infidelity, Reflections on War, etc. Style scholarly, eloquent, +and refined. <i>See Works of, with Memoir, by O. Gregory, 6 vols., London; +also, Biog. by J. W. Morris, 1846, and Life by Paxton Hood.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hall, Samuel Carter.</b> 1801 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Author The Stately +Homes of England, Book of Memories, Retrospect of a Long Life, etc. +<i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hallam, Arthur Henry.</b> 1811–1833. Poet and essayist. Son to H. H. A young +writer whose loss inspired Tennyson's In Memoriam. <i>See Remains, with +Life, by his father, 1834; Remains in Verse and Prose, 1862. See Life, +by Dr. John Brown; also, Atlantic Monthly, Dec. 1860.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hallam, Henry.</b> 1777–1859. Historian and critic. Author Hist. Middle +Ages, Constitutional Hist. England, Lit. of Europe, etc. An impartial +writer whose works are of great value, but whose style lacks animation +and freshness. <i>See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Arm. +Har. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Halliwell-Phillips, James Orchard.</b> 1820 ——. Shakespearean scholar. +Editor of Shakespeare, 16 vols. folio, 1865. Author Dict. Archaic Words, +Life of Shakespeare, Last Days of Shakespeare, etc.<span class="pagenum">[61]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hamerton</b> [hăm´er-ton], <b>Philip Gilbert.</b> 1834 ——. Art Critic. Author +Thoughts on Art, A Painter's Camp, The Unknown River, The Intellectual +Life, etc. A writer of authority in his department. Style graceful and +refined. <i>Pub. Mac. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hamilton, Mrs. Elizabeth.</b> 1758–1816. Scotch writer. Best known by her +Letters of a Hindoo Rajah and The Cottagers of Glenburnie. <i>See +Chambers' Cyc. Eng. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hamilton, Sir Wm.</b> 1788–1856. Scotch metaphysician. Author Discussions on +Philosophy, etc. His clear, dignified style is much admired. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hannay, James.</b> 1827–1873. Novelist and miscellaneous writer. Author +Singleton Fontenoy, Studies on Thackeray, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hardy, Thomas.</b> 1840 ——. Novelist. Author Far From the Madding Crowd, +The Return of the Native, A Pair of Blue Eyes, Two on a Tower, etc. A +novelist of high rank. His character-drawing is sharp and incisive, his +studies of peasant life truthful and sympathetic, and his descriptive +passages masterly. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hare, Augustus Julius Charles.</b> 1834 ——. Neph. to J. C. H. and A. W. H. +Author Walks in London, Walks in Rome, Days Near Rome, Memorials of a +Quiet Life, etc. <i>Pub. Por. Ran. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hare, Augustus Wm.</b> 1793–1834. Author Alton Sermons, etc. <i>Pub. Ran. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hare, Francis.</b> 1688–1740. Bp. Chichester. Controversial writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hare, Julius Chas.</b> 1796–1855. Bro. to A. W. H., and with him author of +Guesses at Truth. Author Life of Sterling, Victory of Faith, etc. <i>Pub. +Dut. Mac.</i><span class="pagenum">[62]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harrington, James.</b> 1611–1677. Political philosopher. Author of The +Oceana.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harrington, John.</b> 1534–1582. Poet. <i>See Hannah's Courtly Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harrington, Sir John.</b> 1561–1612. Poet. Son to preceding. First English +translator of Ariosto.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harrison, Frederic.</b> 1831 ——. Positivist and philosopher. Author Order +and Progress, The Meaning of History, etc., and translator of Comte's +Social Statics.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hartley, David.</b> 1705–1757. Philosopher. Observations on Man his chief +work.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harvey, Gabriel.</b> 1545–1637. Poet. One of the first to write English +hexameter.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harvey, Wm.</b> 1578–1657. Physician. Discoverer of the circulation of the +blood. <i>See Works of, edited by the Sydenham Society, London, 1847.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Havergal, Frances Ridley.</b> 1836–1879. Author of much devotional verse. +<i>Pub. Dut. Ran.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Haweis</b> [hoys], <b>Hugh Reginald.</b> 1838 ——. Religious and miscellaneous +writer. Author Thoughts for the Times, Speech in Season, Current Coin, +Arrows in the Air, Poets in the Pulpit, Unsectarian Family Prayer, Music +and Morals, Pet, or Pastimes and Penalties, Ashes to Ashes, and My +Musical Life. <i>Pub. Har. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Haweis, Mrs. Mary Eliza</b> [Joy]. 1852 ——. Wife to H. R. H. Author Chaucer +for Children, Chaucer for Schools, Chaucer's Beads, The Art of Beauty, +The Art of Dress, The Art of Decoration, and Beautiful Houses. The +illustrations and cover designs of her own and her husband's works are +by Mrs. Haweis. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hay, Mary Cecil.</b> 1844 ——. Novelist. Author of Old Myddleton's Money, +The Arundel Motto, The Squire's Legacy, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i><span class="pagenum">[63]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hayley, Wm.</b> 1745–1820. Poet. Of mediocre ability, but once very popular. +Author Life Wm. Cowper, etc. <i>See Autobiography, 1823.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hayward, Mrs. Eliza.</b> 1693–1756. Author of The New Utopia, The Female +Spectator, etc. A voluminous writer of miscellaneous works of slight +merit.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hazlitt, Wm.</b> 1778–1830. Critical essayist. Author Table-Talk, Lect. on +Shakespeare, Lect. on the Eng. Poets, etc. His criticisms on art and the +drama are of high order. His style is picturesque and his imagination +rich, but his works are sometimes deficient in moderation and judgment. +<i>See Life of, by his grandson, 1867.</i> <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hazlitt, Wm. Carew.</b> 1843 ——. Grandson to W. H. Littérateur. Author +Hist. Venetian Republic, Memoirs Wm. Hazlitt, Handbook to Early Eng. +Lit. etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Head, Sir Francis Bond.</b> 1793–1875. Miscellaneous writer. Among his +numerous works Bubbles from the Brunnen of Nassau is one of the best +known. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Heber, Reginald.</b> 1783–1826. Poet. Bp. Calcutta. A talented writer, best +known by his hymns, viz.: The Missionary Hymn, Holy, Holy, Holy, and +Epiphany. <i>See Life, by Mrs. Heber, 1830.</i> <i>Last Days of Heber, by +Robinson, and Memoirs by Potter and Taylor.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hector, Mrs. Annie Alexander. "Mrs. Alexander."</b> 1825 ——. Irish +novelist. Author of The Wooing O't, Her Dearest Foe, The Freres, The +Admiral's Ward, Which Shall It Be, etc. Style fresh, healthful, and +pleasing. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Helps, Sir Arthur.</b> 1818–1875. Historian and essayist. Author Hist. of +the Spanish Conquest in<span class="pagenum">[64]</span> America, Realmah, Casimir, Maremma, etc. His +style is quiet and graceful, and Friends in Council, his best work, is +strong and helpful. <i>Pub. Har. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hemans</b> [hĕm´anz], <b>Mrs. Felicia Dorothea.</b> 1793–1835. Poet. Without +possessing great force some of her poems have yet taken a firm hold upon +popular sympathies. Casabianca, Graves of a Household, and The Pilgrim +Fathers are examples. Her verse is graceful and sweet, but not strong. +<i>See Memorials of, by H. F. Chorley, 1836.</i> <i>Pub. Lip. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Henry VIII.</b> 1491–1547. Author of controversial, anti-Lutheran treatises. +<i>See Brewer's edition of, 1862.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Henry, Matthew.</b> 1662–1714. Theologian. Author of a noted Exposition of +the Bible, of which the best edition is that of London, 1869. <i>See Lives +by Tony and Williams.</i> <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Henry, Robert.</b> 1718–1790. Scotch historian. His Hist. of Gt. Britain was +the first to take account of manners and the state of society from a +purely historical basis.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Henryson, Robert.</b> fl. c. 1490. Scotch poet. H. wrote the beautiful +pastoral of Robin and Makyne, found in Percy's Reliques. <i>See Ward's +Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Herbert, Lord Edward.</b> 1581–1648. Historian and theologian. His De +Veritate is a plea for Deism. Style dignified and able. <i>See +Autobiography, edited by W. D. Howells.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i> <i>See Lord Herbert +de Cherbury by Chas. de Rémusat, Paris, 1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Herbert, George.</b> 1593–1632. Religious poet. Bro. to preceding. Author of +The Temple. His verse<span class="pagenum">[65]</span> is elevated in tone, but marred by quaint and +fantastic conceits. <i>See Lives, by Walton, 1670, and Duyckinck, 1858.</i> +<i>See Grosart's edition, with Memoir, 1875.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Herbert, Wm.</b> 1778–1847. Poet. Author of some spirited translations from +the Norse and other tongues, and of some excellent original poems.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Herrick, Robert.</b> 1591–1674. Poet. Author of Hesperides, etc. A skillful +lyrist whose airy gracefulness will always continue to delight. <i>See +Grosart's complete edition of, 1877; also, Abbey's Illustrated +Selections from, 1882.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2, and Temple Bar, +May, 1883.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Herschel, Caroline Lucretia.</b> 1750–1840. Astronomer. Author Catalogue of +Stars. <i>See Life and Correspondence of, 1876.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Herschel, Sir John Frederick Wm.</b> 1792–1871. Astronomer. Neph. to C. L. +H. Author Study of Nat. Philosophy, Outlines of Astronomy, Physical +Geography, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hervey, Lord John.</b> 1696–1743. Author Memoirs Reign of George II. <i>See +edition of, 1848, with Life by J. W. Croker.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hervey, James.</b> 1714–1758. Moralist. Author Meditations, etc. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Heylin, Peter.</b> 1600–1662. Microcosmus is his most noted work.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Heywood, Jasper.</b> 1535–1598. Son to J. H. Author of rhymed translations +of Seneca.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Heywood, John.</b> 1506–1565. Dramatist. Writer of grotesque Interludes.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Heywood, Thomas.</b> —— 1640. Dramatist. Was a frequent colleague of other +dramatists, and a writer of much talent, with a tender, graceful style. +<i>See complete edition of, London, 1874, 6 vols.</i><span class="pagenum">[66]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hoadley, Benj.</b> 1670–1761. Bp. Winchester. Theological writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hoadley, Benj.</b> 1706–1757. Dramatist. Son to preceding.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hobbes, Thos.</b> 1588–1679. Philosopher. A profound thinker, whose +Leviathan, a treatise on monarchical government, is his best known work. +<i>See Molesworth's complete edition of, 16 vols., London, 1845.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hogg, James.</b> 1770–1835. Scotch poet. Called "The Ettrick Shepherd." +Author of The Queen's Wake, etc. Style diffuse, but graceful and +imaginative. <i>See Collected Works, 1869.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Holcroft, Thomas.</b> 1745–1809. Dramatist. Best known by his novel The +Marriage of Figaro, and his famous comedy The Road to Ruin. <i>See +Memoirs, edited by Hazlitt, 1816.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Holinshed, Raphael.</b> —— c. 1580. Chronicler. From him Shakespeare drew +in part the stories of Cymbeline, Henry VI., Richard II., Richard III., +Henry IV., Henry V., Macbeth, Lear, and Henry VIII.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Holyoake, George Jacob.</b> 1817 ——. Writer on social science. Author of +The Logic of Facts, Hist. of Coöperation in England, etc. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Home, Henry, Lord Kames.</b> 1696–1782. Scotch philosopher. Author Elements +of Criticism, etc. <i>See Life, by A. F. Tytler.</i> <i>Pub. Por. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Home, John.</b> 1724–1808. Dramatist. H. wrote the once popular play +Douglas, which contains the famous lines, "My name is Norval," etc. <i>See +complete works of, with Life, by Mackenzie, 3 vols., 8vo, Edinburgh, +1822.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hone, Wm.</b> 1779–1842. Satirist. Chiefly known by his compilations; as, +The Every-Day Book, The Table-Book, etc.<span class="pagenum">[67]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hood, Edwin Paxton.</b> 1820 ——. Biographer. Author Lives of Wordsworth and +Swedenborg, The Uses of Biography, etc. <i>Pub. Arm. Do. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hood, Thomas.</b> 1798–1845. Poet and humorist. A writer whose fame as a wit +has overshadowed his merits as a poet. His style, when not professedly +humorous, is tender and graceful. For moral earnestness The Bridge of +Sighs and The Song of the Shirt cannot be surpassed. <i>See E. P. +Sargent's edition, Pub. Apl.; also, F. J. Child's edition.</i> <i>Pub. Dut. +Hon. Por. Put. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hood, Thomas.</b> 1835–1875. Miscellaneous writer. Son to preceding. Author +of The Rhymster, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hook, Theodore Edward.</b> 1788–1842. A writer of novels of fashion, +inartistic in form, but full of humor. His power of extempore +verse-making was remarkable. <i>See Life, by Barham, 1848.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hook, Walter Farquhar.</b> 1798–1875. Neph. to T. E. H. Author Lives Abps. +Cant., Ecclesiastical Biog., Ch. Dict., etc. <i>See Life and Letters.</i> +<i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hooker, Joseph Dalton.</b> 1817 ——. Botanist. Son to W. J. H. Author +Student's Flora British Islands, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hooker, Richard.</b> 1553–1600. Theologian. Author The Laws of +Ecclesiastical Polity. The greatest prose writer of the Elizabethan age. +<i>See Keble's edition, 3 vols.</i> <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hooker, Sir Wm. Jackson.</b> 1785–1865. Botanist. Author British Ferns, +Garden Ferns, British Flora, etc. <i>Pub. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hope, Alex. James Beresford.</b> 1820 ——. Son to T. H. Author of the Eng. +Cathedral in the 19th Cent., Worship in the Church of England, etc.<span class="pagenum">[68]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hope, Thomas.</b> 1770–1831. Miscellaneous writer. Author Costumes of the +Ancients, Household Furniture, etc., and the famous Oriental tale +Anastasius. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Horne, George.</b> 1730–1792. Bp. Norwich. Theologian. Author of a noted +Commentary on the Psalms. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Horne, Richard Hengist.</b> 1803 ——. Dramatic poet. Author Gregory VII., +Cosmo de Medici, Ballads and Romances, Orion, etc. A writer of much +power, whose circle of readers is undeservedly small. <i>See Stedman's +Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Horne, Thos. Hartwell.</b> 1780–1862. Theologian. Best known by his +Introduction to the Scriptures. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Horne-Tooke, John.</b> 1736–1812. Philologist. Author The Diversions of +Purley, etc. <i>See Memoirs, by Hamilton, 1812, Stephens, 1813, Graham, +1828, N. Y.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Horner Francis.</b> 1778–1817. Writer on political economy and one of the +founders of the Edinburgh Rev. <i>See Memoir and Correspondence, 1843.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Horsley, Samuel.</b> 1733–1806. Bp. St. Asaph. Theological and controversial +writer of note. <i>See Works of, 6 vols., London, 1845.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Houghton, Lord.</b> See Milnes, R. M.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hoveden de</b> [hōv´den], <b>Roger.</b> fl. c. 1200. Chronicler. <i>See Bohn's +Antiquarian Library.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howard, Henry, Earl of Surrey.</b> 1515–1547. His verse is mainly lyrical, +his love songs being his best; nevertheless he first introduced blank +verse into Eng. poetry. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howe, John. 1630–1705.</b> Theological writer. <i>See Life, by Rogers, 1836.</i> +<i>Pub. Dra.</i><span class="pagenum">[69]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howell, James.</b> 1594–1666. Miscellaneous writer. <i>See Arber's reprints of +Instructions for Foreign Travel, etc.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howitt, Anna Mary.</b> Dau. to W. H. and M. H. See Watts, Mrs. A. M.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howitt, Mrs. Mary Botham.</b> 1799 ——. Wife to W. H. An industrious author +of numerous popular poems, mainly juvenile, of several excellent prose +tales, and of numerous translations from the Swedish, German, and +Danish, the most noted of these being the works of Fredrika Bremer and +Hans Andersen. Her work is characterized by earnestness and sincerity of +purpose. <i>See the Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i> <i>Pub. Alp. Har. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howitt, Wm.</b> 1796–1879. Poet and Miscellaneous Writer. A versatile author +whose Rural Life in England, Book of the Seasons, etc., have been +deservedly popular. His wife was co-author with him of many books. <i>Pub. +Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Howson, John Saul.</b> 1816 ——. Dean of Chester. Theologian. Author Life +and Epistles of St. Paul [with W. J. Conybeare], Companions of St. Paul, +Metaphors of St. Paul, Miracles of Christ, etc. <i>Pub. Mac. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hoyle</b> [hoil], <b>Edward.</b> 1672–1769. A noted writer upon Games. <i>Pub. Lip. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hugesson.</b> See Knatchbull-Hugesson.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hughes, John.</b> 1677–1720. Poet and essayist. A contributor to The +Spectator.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hughes, Thomas.</b> 1823 ——. A popular writer whose School Days at Rugby, +Tom Brown at Oxford, Life of King Alfred, Manliness of Christ, Scouring +of the White Horse, etc., have been widely read. <i>Pub. Hou. Mac. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hume, David.</b> 1711–1766. Scottish historian and<span class="pagenum">[70]</span> philosopher. Author +Philosophical Essays, Hist. of England, etc. His style possesses +originality and spirit, but as a historian he is inaccurate. <i>See Life +and Correspondence of, by T. Hill Burton, Edinburgh, 1847; also Hume, by +T. H. Huxley in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Lip. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hunt, James Henry Leigh.</b> 1784–1859. Poet and essayist. Francesca da +Rimini and Legend of Florence are his finest poems, but Abou-Ben-Adhem +is the best known. A writer whose happy, genial spirit expresses itself +in his prose and verse. <i>See Autobiography edited by his son, 1850.</i> +<i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4, and Century Mag. March, 1882.</i> <i>Pub. +Har. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hunter, Mrs. Anne.</b> 1742–1821. Poet. Her lyrics possess much beauty, and +some of them were set to music by Haydn. "My mother bids me bind my +hair" is well known.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hurd, Richard.</b> 1720–1808. Bp. Worcester. Theologian. Author Dialogues, +Sermons, etc. <i>See edition 1811, 8 vols.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hutcheson, Francis.</b> 1694–1747. Irish metaphysician. Author of a System +of Moral Philosophy, etc. Founder of the Scotch Metaphysical School.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hutchinson, Mrs. Lucy.</b> 1620–1659. Known to literature by her admirable +Memoirs of her husband first published in 1808.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hutton, Richard Holt.</b> 1826 ——. His main work in the London Spectator. +Author Essays, Theological and Literary. <i>Pub. Har. Mac. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Huxley, Thomas Henry.</b> 1825 ——. Naturalist. Author Man's Place in +Nature, Comparative Anatomy, Protoplasm, Lay Sermons, etc. A leader in +modern thought and investigation. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i><span class="pagenum">[71]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Hyde, Edward, Earl of Clarendon.</b> 1608–1673. Historian. Author Hist. of +the Great Rebellion. His style is defective, but he is fully master of +his subject.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="I" id="I"></a> +<b>Inchbald, Mrs. Elizabeth.</b> 1753–1821. Novelist and dramatist. Her novels, +A Simple Story and Nature and Art were once popular, and some of her +plays are yet acted. The best are Such Things Are, Wives as They Were +and Maids as They Are, and Lovers' Vows. <i>See Boaden's Life of, 1833; +also Miss Kavanagh's Eng. Women of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ingelow</b> [ĭn´jĕ-low], <b>Jean.</b> 1830 ——. Poet and novelist. Her novels +Off the Skelligs, Don John, etc., though popular and entertaining, are +inartistic in construction. Her poetry, though occasionally obscure, is +always graceful and beautiful. Songs of Seven, The High Tide, and +Divided are among the best. <i>Pub. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ingleby, Clement Mansfield.</b> 1823 ——. Shakespearean scholar. Author of +Shakespeare—the Man and the Book, View of the Shakespeare Controversy, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Inglis, Henry David.</b> 1795–1835. Scotch writer of travels.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ingulphus.</b> 1030?-1109. A monk to whom was long ascribed the famous +History of the Abbey of Croyland. <i>See Bohn's Antiquarian Library.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ireland, Wm. Henry.</b> 1777–1835. Shakespearean forger. Author of a +wretched play called Vortigern, which he asserted to be by Shakespeare. +<i>See Ingleby's Shakespeare, The Man and the Book, Part 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Irons, Wm.</b> 1812–1883. Theologian. Author of<span class="pagenum">[72]</span> The Whole Doctrine of Final +Causes, Parochial Lect., Sermons for the People, Hymns from the Hebrew, +Athanasius Contoa Mundum, etc. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Irving, Edward.</b> 1792–1834. Scotch theologian. Founder of the Irvingite, +or Catholic Apostolic Church. <i>See Lives by Wilkes and Mrs. Oliphant; +also Carlyle's Reminiscences.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="J" id="J"></a> +<b>James I.</b> King of Scotland. 1394–1437. Poet. The King's Quhair is a long +love poem in 7-line stanzas, and pure and sweet in sentiment. <i>See +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>James V.</b> King of Scotland. 1511–1542. Poet. Supposed author of Peebles +to the Play and Christ's Kirk on the Green: comic and satirical ballads.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>James VI.</b> of Scotland, I. of England. 1566–1625. Author of some feeble +poetry, a number of theological treatises and a famous Counterblast +Against Tobacco.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>James, George Payne Rainsford.</b> 1801–1860. Novelist. Author of an immense +number of novels with a strong likeness to each other. Beginning by +imitating Scott, he ended by copying himself. <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jameson, Mrs. Anna.</b> 1797–1860. An able writer who touched upon many +topics. Characteristics of Women, Sacred and Legendary Art, and Diary of +an Ennuyée, are some of her books. Her dissertations upon Shakespeare's +women are keenly appreciative. <i>See Memoir of, by Geraldine Macpherson; +also H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Hou. Por. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jeaffreson, John Cordy.</b> 1831 ——. Novelist and biographer. Author Live +It Down, The Real Lord Byron, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i><span class="pagenum">[73]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jeffrey, Lord Francis.</b> 1773–1850. Scotch critic and essayist. One of the +founders of the Edinburgh Review. A writer of great merit, but one whose +judgment was often warped by prejudice. <i>See Life by Lord Cockburn, +1852.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jenkins, Edward.</b> 1838 ——. Political satirist. Author Ginx's Baby, Lord +Bantam, Haverholme, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jenyns, Soame.</b> 1704–1787. Moralist. <i>See complete works of, London, +1790.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jephson, Robert.</b> 1736–1803. Dramatist. The Court of Narbonne and Duke of +Braganza were successful tragedies in their day.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jerdan, Wm.</b> 1782–1869. Journalist. <i>See Autobiography, 1853.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jerrold, Douglas Wm.</b> 1803–1857. Dramatist and humorist. Black-Eyed Susan +and Rent Day are his best dramas. Of his other works, A Man Made of +Money, Chronicles of Clovernook, and The Caudle Lectures are most noted. +<i>See Life by his son.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Hou. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jerrold, Wm. Blanchard.</b> 1826 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Son to D. W. J. +Author Imperial Paris, Napoleon III., etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jevons, Wm. Stanley.</b> 1835–1882. Political economist. Author The State in +Relation to Labor, Methods of Social Reform and other Essays, +Investigations in Currency and Finance, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jewsbury, Geraldine Endsor.</b> 1821–1880. Novelist and journalist. Author +of Zoë, Half Sisters, Constance Herbert, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jewsbury, Maria Jane.</b> Sister to G. E. J. See Fletcher, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Johnson, Samuel.</b> 1705–1773. Dramatist. Author Hurlothrumbo, etc.<span class="pagenum">[74]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Johnson, Samuel.</b> 1709–1784. Lexicographer and miscellaneous writer. +Author of London, a poetical satire, Rasselas, a didactic novel, Lives +of the Poets, Dict. of the Eng. Lang., and numerous other works. His +style is heavy and ponderous, but dignified, sonorous, and peculiarly +his own. He was the greatest literary figure in England between 1745 and +1784. <i>See Boswell's Life of, edited by J. W. Croker; also Johnson by +Leslie Stephen in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Le. Lit. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Johnston, Arthur.</b> 1587–1641. Scotch poet. Noted for a fine Latin +translation of the Psalms.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Johnstone, Charles.</b> —— 1800. Novelist. His Adventures of a Guinea was +once popular. <i>See W. Scott's Lives of Eminent Novelists.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jones, Sir Wm.</b> 1746–1794. Poet, Orientalist, and translator. <i>See +edition of 1807 with Life.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jonson, Ben.</b> 1574–1637. Dramatist. A robust, dignified writer, more +popular in his day than Shakespeare. Volpone, Silent Woman, Alchemist, +Every Man in his Humor, and Every Man out of his Humor are his best +comedies: Catiline and Sejanus his only tragedies. His pastoral drama, +The Sad Shepherd, is graceful and sweet. <i>See Cunningham's edition of +Johnson, 1870, and Schlegel's Dramatic Literature.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jortin, John.</b> 1698–1770. Ecclesiastical historian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Jowett, Benjamin.</b> 1817 ——. Greek scholar. Translator of Plato and +Thucydides. <i>Pub Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Junius.</b> See Francis, Sir Philip.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="K" id="K"></a> +<b>Kames, Lord.</b> See Home, Henry.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kavanagh</b> [kav´a-nä´ or kav´a-nah´], <b>Julia.</b> 1824–1877. Irish novelist. +Author Nathalie, Eng. Women of Letters, Beatrice, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Ho.</i><span class="pagenum">[75]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kaye, Sir John Wm.</b> 1814–1876. Military historian. Author Hist. War in +Afghanistan 1851, Hist. Sepoy War, Lives of Indian Officers, Essays of +an Optimist, etc. <i>Pub. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Keary, Annie.</b> 1825–1879. Novelist. Author Castle Daly, A Doubting Heart, +Heroes of Asgard, Clemency Franklyn, etc. <i>See Memoir of, by her Sister; +also Catholic World, July, 1879.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Mac. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Keats, John.</b> 1795–1821. Poet. A great master of the music of verse. The +Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode to a Nightingale are nearly perfect poems. +The Eve of St. Agnes, Isabella, Hyperion and Endymion are longer poems, +full of sensuous richness of expression and intensity of feeling. <i>See +Rossetti's edition of.</i> <i>See Life of, by Lord Houghton.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Keble</b> [kĕb´l], <b>John.</b> 1792–1866. Religious poet. Author Christian +Year, Lyra Innocentium, etc. Versification musical and refined. <i>See +Shairp's Studies in Poetry and Philosophy, C. Yonge's Musings over the +Christian Year, Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4, and Memoir by J. T. +Coleridge.</i> <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Keddie, Henrietta</b>, "Sarah Tytler." 1827 ——. Novelist. Author Citoyenne +Jacqueline, What She Came Through, and several valuable literary and +artistic handbooks. <i>Pub. Har. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Keightley</b> [kīt´lĭ], <b>Thomas.</b> 1789–1872. Historian. Author Hist. +England to 1839, Outlines of Hist., Mythology of Ancient Greece, etc. +<i>Pub. Apl. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kemble, Adelaide.</b> See Sartoris, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kemble, Frances Anne.</b> 1811 ——. Poet and miscellaneous writer. <i>See +Allibone's Dict.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kemble, John Mitchell.</b> 1807–1857. Anglo-Saxon<span class="pagenum">[76]</span> scholar. Bro to A. K. and +F. A. K. Author of The Saxons in England, etc. A writer of authority in +his department.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ken, Thomas.</b> 1637–1711. Bp. Bath and Wells. Poet. His Morning and +Evening Hymns introduced a simpler, sincerer style of religious poetry. +<i>See Life, by Duyckinck.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kenney, Charles Lamb.</b> 1823–1881. Dramatist. Author lives of Balzac and +Balfe, etc. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kenney, James.</b> 1780–1849. Dramatist. Author Raising the Wind, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>King, Henry.</b> 1591–1669. Bp. Chichester. Religious poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kinglake, Alex. Wm.</b> 1802 ——. Historian. A brilliant and powerful +writer. Author Hist. Crimean War, Eothen, etc. <i>Pub. Arm. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kingsley, Charles.</b> 1819–1875. Novelist and poet. Author of Andromeda, +the finest Eng. hexameter poem, and the stories, Alton Locke, Yeast, +Westward Ho, Hypatia, At Last, etc. Style forcible but uneven. <i>See Life +by Mrs. Kingsley, 1876.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Mac. Lip. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kingsley, Henry.</b> 1830–1876. Novelist. Bro. to C. K. Author Ravenshoe, +Silcote of Silcotes, Austin Elliott, Hetty, etc. <i>Pub. Do. Har. Mac. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kingston, Wm. H. G.</b> 1843–1880. Author of spirited tales of adventure for +young readers. <i>Pub. Arm. Cas. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kitchener, Wm.</b> 1775–1827. Physician. Author of the Cook's Oracle, etc. +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kitto, John.</b> 1804–1854. Author of the Pictorial Bible, Cyc. of Biblical +Lit., etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Phi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knatchbull-Hugesson, Edward.</b> 1829 ——. Writer for children. Author +Crackers for Christmas and several vols. of fairy tales. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. +Rou.</i><span class="pagenum">[77]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knight, Charles.</b> 1791–1873. Shakespearean scholar and miscellaneous +writer. Author of a Pictorial Hist. England, etc. Editor of a Pictorial +Shakespeare, etc. <i>See Passages from the Life of (pub. Put.).</i> <i>Pub. Fu. +Lip. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knight, Richard Payne.</b> 1750–1824. Poet and antiquary. His verse is +worthless, but his archæological works are much esteemed. <i>See edition, +1874, N. Y.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knolles</b> [nōlz], <b>Richard.</b> 1540–1610. Historian. His Hist. of the Turks +was much praised by Dr. Johnson and Hallam.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knowles, Herbert.</b> 1798–1817. Religious poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knowles, James Sheridan.</b> 1794–1862. Irish dramatist. His best tragedies +are Caius Gracchus, Virginius, and Wm. Tell. The Hunchback is his finest +comedy. While his works will not bear severe criticism, they are popular +and among the best acting of modern plays. <i>See edition, 1873.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knowles, Richard Brinsley.</b> 1819?-1882. Son to J. S. K. Journalist and +historical writer. Was author of the comedy The Maiden Aunt.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knox, Mrs. Craig.</b> See Craig-Knox.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knox, John.</b> 1505–1572. Scotch theologian. Author Hist. Reformation in +Scotland, and First Blast Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women. <i>See +Lives by Smeaton, 1572; McCrie, 1812; Niemeyer, 1824; Laing, 1847, and +Brandes, 1863.</i> <i>See Fraser's Mag. April, 1875; also Lorimer's John Knox +and the Church of England.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knox, Vicesimus.</b> 1752–1821. Essayist. Author Winter Evenings, Family +Lect., etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Knox, Wm.</b> 1789–1825. Scotch poet. Best remembered for his poem "O why +should the spirit of mortal be proud!" <i>Pub. Le.</i><span class="pagenum">[78]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kyd, Thomas.</b> fl. c. 1590. Dramatist. Author Hieronimo, The Spanish +Tragedy, etc. <i>See Lamb's Dramatic Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Kynaston, Francis.</b> 1587–1642. Poet.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="L" id="L"></a> +<b>Laffan, May.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author Hogan, M. P., Flitters, Tatters +and the Counsellor, Christy Carew, and The Honorable Miss Ferrard. <i>Pub. +Ho. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lang, David.</b> 1793–1878. Librarian and bibliographer. A literary student +of great diligence, and editor and author of some two hundred and fifty +works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Laing, Malcolm.</b> 1762–1818. Scotch historian. Author Hist. of Scotland, +etc. Style independent and truthful.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Laing, Samuel.</b> 1780–1868. Traveler. Author Norway, Tour in Sweden, etc., +and translator of the Heimskringla, or Chronicle of the Kings of Norway.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lamb, Caroline, Lady.</b> 1785–1828. Novelist. Author Glenarvon, Graham +Hamilton, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lamb, Charles.</b> 1775–1834. Essayist. A humorist who is unsurpassed for +gentleness and purity of style. Essays of Elia, Rosamond Gray, a tale, +John Woodvil, a drama; and Specimens of Old Eng. Dramatists are his +chief works. Among the Essays Dream-Children is the most nearly perfect. +<i>See Lives by Talfourd, Fitzgerald, and Procter.</i> <i>See Centenary edition +of, 1875.</i> <i>Pub. Arm. Clx. Har. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lamb, Mary Anne.</b> 1765–1847. Sister to C. L. and co-author with him of +Tales from Shakespeare, Poetry for Children, etc. <i>See W. Carew +Hazlitt's edition of Poems, Letters, etc. of Chas. and Mary</i><span class="pagenum">[79]</span> <i>Lamb, +1874; and Mary Lamb, by Anne Gilchrist, in Famous Women.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Landon, Letitia Elizabeth</b> [Mrs. Maclean], 1802–1838. Poet and novelist. +Her verse is melodious and delicate, but is lacking in force. <i>See Poems +of, edited by W. B. Scott, 1873.</i> <i>See Life by L. Blanchard, 1841, and +Living Age, Jan. 6, 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Landor, Walter Savage.</b> 1775–1864. Poet and prose writer. Author Gebir, +Heroic Idyls, Hellenics, etc., and of numerous prose works, of which the +Imaginary Conversations is the chief. A strong, original writer, self +asserting and unrestrained. <i>See Forster's Life of, Stedman's Victorian +Poets, Atlantic Monthly, April, May, and June, 1864, and Feb. 1883, H. +Martineau's Biographical Sketches, and Landor, by Colvin, in Eng. Men of +Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Lip. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lane, Edward Wm.</b> 1801–1876. Orientalist. Author Modern Egyptians, Arabic +Lexicon, etc., and translator of the Arabian Nights. <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lang, Andrew.</b> 1844 ——. Poet. Author Ballads in Blue China, Helen of +Troy, etc. <i>See Harper's Mag. May, 1882, "Some London Poets."</i> <i>Pub. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Langhorne, John.</b> 1735–1779. Poet and translator of Plutarch.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Langland, Wm.</b> c. 1322-c. 1400. Poet. Author Vision of Piers Plowman, an +allegorical, satirical poem, aimed at the corruptions of the church. +<i>See edition by Wright, 1856; also Skeat's edition.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 1.</i> <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lardner, Dionysius.</b> 1793–1859. Scientific writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lardner, Nathaniel.</b> 1684–1768. Theological writer. <i>See Collected Works, +with Memoir by Kippis, 1788.</i><span class="pagenum">[80]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Latham, Rob't Gordon.</b> 1812 ——. Ethnologist. Author Man and His +Migrations, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Latimer, Hugh.</b> c. 1491–1555. Bp. Worcester. Theologian. His Sermons are +rude but forcible and strongly idiomatic discourses. <i>See Corrie's +edition. London, 4 vols. 8vo, 1845.</i> <i>See Life, by Demaus, 1869; and +Tulloch's Leaders of the Reformation.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Law, Wm.</b> 1686–1761. Theologian. Author Serious Call to a Higher Life, +etc. <i>See Life, by Tighe, 1813.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lawrence, Geo. Alfred.</b> 1827–1876. Novelist. Author Guy Livingstone, +Sword and Gown, Sans Merci, Anteros, Maurice Dering, etc. <i>Pub. Har. +Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Layamon.</b> fl. c. 1200. Author The Brut, or Chronicle of Britain, a famous +semi-Saxon poem. Style earnest and simple. <i>See F. Madden's edition, +1847.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Layard</b> [lā-ard], <b>Austen Henry.</b> 1817 ——. Archæologist. Author Nineveh +and its Remains, Monuments of Nineveh, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lear, Edward.</b> 18— ——. Author Journal of a Landscape Painter, Nonsense +Book, etc. <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lecky, Wm. Edw. Hartpole.</b> 1838 ——. Irish historian. Author Hist. +Rationalism, Hist. European Morals, Hist. England in the 18th Cent. etc. +A careful, dignified writer who treats of history philosophically. <i>Pub. +Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lee, Frederick George.</b> 1832 ——. Theologian and poet. Author of +Historical Sketches of the Reformation, Lyrics of Life and Light, etc. +<i>See The Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i> <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lee, Harriet.</b> 1766–1851. Author [with Sophia L.] of the Canterbury +Tales, a series of tales of much power. Byron's Werner is a version of +one of them.<span class="pagenum">[81]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lee, Holme.</b> See Parr, Harriet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lee, Nathaniel.</b> 1655–1692. Dramatist. Alexander the Great is one of his +tragedies.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lee, Sophia.</b> 1750–1824. Novelist. Sister to H. L. Author of two of the +Canterbury Tales, of several novels, and of the comedy The Chapter of +Accidents.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lee, Wm.</b> 1815–1883. Irish theologian and ecclesiologist. His chief work +is the Donnellan Lect. on the Inspiration of Scripture. A profound +biblical scholar. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>LeFanu, J. Sheridan.</b>?—— 1874. Novelist. Author All in the Dark, +Tenants of Malory, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Leighton</b> [lā-ton], <b>Rob't.</b> 1613–1684. Abp. Glasgow. Theologian. His +style is still much admired. <i>See Pearson's edition, London, 1828, N. Y. +1859.</i> <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>L. E. L.</b> See Landon.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Leland, John.</b> 1506–1552. Antiquarian. Author The Itinerary, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lemon, Mark.</b> 1809–1870. Journalist, novelist, and dramatist. The Serious +Family is his best known farce. Author Jest Book, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lempriere</b> [lĕm´prĭ-er, or lem-preer´], <b>John.</b> 1765–1824. Scholar of +note. Author of a Classical Dict., and a Universal Biography. <i>Pub. Lip. +Put. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lennox, Mrs. Charlotte.</b> 1720–1804. Novelist. Author Harriet Stuart and +The Female Quixote.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lesley, John.</b> 1527–1596. Bp. Ross. Scotch historian. <i>See Thomson's +Edition, 1830.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Leslie, Chas.</b> 1650–1722. Irish theologian. Leslie wrote A Short and Easy +Method with the Deists, a controversial work once noted.<span class="pagenum">[82]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Leslie, Chas. Rob't.</b> 1794–1859. Artist. Author Handbook for Young +Painters, Memoirs Sir John Constable, Life and Times Sir Joshua +Reynolds, etc. <i>See Autobiographical Recollection of, edited by Tom +Taylor, 1860.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>L'Estrange</b> [lĕs-trānj], <b>Sir Roger.</b> 1616–1704. Political writer and +translator.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lever</b> [lē´ver], <b>Chas. James.</b> 1806–1872. Irish novelist. Author Harry +Lorrequer, Charles O'Malley, etc., rollicking tales not greatly approved +by the present taste. His later novels, like That Boy at Norcott's, +etc., are soberer in tone. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lewes</b> [lū-is], <b>Geo. Henry.</b> 1817–1878. Philosopher and critic. Author +Problems of Life and Mind, Life of Goethe, Hist. of Philosophy, etc. +<i>Pub. Apl. Ho. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lewes, Mrs. G. H.</b> See Evans, Marian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lewis, Sir Geo. Cornwall.</b> 1806–1863. Political and historical writer. +<i>See Letters of, 1870.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lewis, Matthew Gregory.</b> 1775–1818. Novelist. Famous as the author of The +Monk, a fantastic, demoniac tale. <i>See Life and Correspondence, 1839.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Leyden</b> [li´den], <b>John.</b> 1775–1811. Scotch poet and Orientalist. <i>See +edition of his poems, 1858.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Liddell</b> [lĭd´del], <b>Mrs. Catharine Christina Fraser-Tytler.</b> 1848 ——. +Poet and novelist. Author Mistress Judith, Jonathan, Songs in Minor +Keys, etc. <i>Pub. Ho. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Liddell, Mrs. Edward.</b> See Liddell, Mrs. C.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Liddell, Henry George.</b> 1811 ——. Classical scholar. Author of a Hist. of +Rome, and co-author with Scott of the noted Greek lexicon known as +Liddell-and-Scott's. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Liddon, Henry, Parry.</b> 1830 ——. Theologian. Author Bampton Lect. 1867, +University Sermons,<span class="pagenum">[83]</span> Sermons to the People, etc. A leader of High Church +thought. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lightfoot, Joseph Barber.</b> 1828 ——. Bp. Durham. Biblical commentator. +<i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lillo, George.</b> 1693–1739. Dramatist. Author George Barnwell, Fatal +Curiosity, and Arden of Feversham. A master of dramatic situations.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lindsay, Sir David.</b> 1490–1557. Scotch poet. <i>See Chalmers' edition with +Life, 1806.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lingard, John.</b> 1771–1859. Historian. Author Hist. England, Antiquities +of the Anglo-Saxon Ch., etc. His history has a high rank and is valued +as a fair statement of facts from a Roman Catholic standpoint. <i>Pub. +Est.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Linton, Mrs. Eliza Lynn.</b> 1822 ——. Novelist. Wife to W. J. L. Author +Lizzie Lorton, Sowing the Wind, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Linton, Wm. James.</b> 1812 ——. Poet and Engraver. Author Claribel, Hist. +Wood Engraving, Life Thos. Paine, etc. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> +<i>Pub. Est. Le.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Livingstone, David.</b> 1817–1873. African explorer. Author Expedition to +the Zambesi, Last Journals, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lloyd, Chas.</b>?—— 1839. Poet. Co-author with Chas. Lamb.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lloyd, Robert.</b> 1733–1764. Poet. <i>See Collected Works with Life, by +Kenrick, 1774.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Locke, John.</b> 1632–1704. Philosopher. Author of the famous Essay on the +Understanding, a work of great penetration and power. <i>See Life by +Fox-Bourne, and Locke, by T. Fowler in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[84]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Locker, Frederick.</b> 1821 ——. Poet. Author London Lyrics, etc. Style +airy and graceful. <i>See Century Mag. Feb. 1883.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lockhart, John Gibson.</b> 1794–1854. Scotch critic and biographer. A writer +of much talent and for 27 years editor of the Quarterly Rev.: author +Lives of Nelson, Scott, Burns, Napoleon, etc. <i>See H. Martineau's +Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ho. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lockyer, Joseph Norman.</b> 1836 ——. Astronomer. Author Contributions to +Solar Physics, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lodge, Edmund.</b> 1756–1839. Historian. Author Illustrations of British +Hist., Portraits of Illustrious Persons of Gt. Britain, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lodge, Thomas.</b> c. 1555–1625. Dramatist and Poet. To his novel Roslynde; +Euphues Golden Legacy, Shakespeare owes the plot and incidents of As You +Like It. <i>See As You Like It, Rolfe's edition, and Ward's Eng. Poets, +vol. I.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Logan, John.</b> 1748–1788. Scotch poet. His verse is fresh and simple, and +his Song to the Cuckoo has great beauty. <i>See edition 1805, with Life.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Long, George.</b> 1800–1879. Classical scholar. Author Roman Law, Decline +and Fall of the Roman Republic, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Loudon, Mrs. Jane.</b> 1800–1858. Wife to J. C. L. Author of The Mummy, a +tale, and several horticultural works. <i>Pub. Rou. Wil.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Loudon, John Claudius.</b> 1783–1843. Scotch horticulturist. His Arboretum +Britannicum is his chief work.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lovelace, Sir Richard.</b> 1618–1658. Poet. His verse is principally +amatory, and some of his songs are perfect of their kind. To Althea and +To Lucasta are the most famous. <i>See Carew Hazlitt's edition of 1864, +and Ward's English Poets, vol. 2.</i><span class="pagenum">[85]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lover, Samuel.</b> 1797–1868. Irish dramatist, novelist, and poet. Rory +O'More and Handy Andy are his best known novels. His most famous song is +Rory O'More. <i>See Life by Bayle Bernard, 1874, and Samuel Lover, by A. +J. Symington.</i> <i>Pub. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lower, Mark Antony.</b> 1813–1876. Author Eng. Surnames, Curiosities of +Heraldry, Patronymica Britannica, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lowndes, Wm. Thos.</b>?—— 1843. Bibliographer. Author British Librarian +and The Bibliographer's Manual.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lowth</b> [louth], <b>Rob't.</b> 1710–1787. Bp. London. Son to W. L. A classical +and theological writer of great learning. <i>See Life, by Peter Hall, +1834.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lowth, Wm.</b> 1661–1732. Theologian of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lubbock, Sir John.</b> 1834 ——. Naturalist. Author Origin of Civilization, +Pre-Historic Times, British Wild Flowers, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lydgate, John.</b> 1370–1450. Poet. An exceedingly diffuse rhymer. <i>See +minor works of pub. by the Percy Soc. 1842, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. +I.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lyell, Sir Chas.</b> 1797–1875. Geologist. Author Elements of Geology, +Travels in N. America, Antiquity of Man, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lyly or Lily, John.</b> 1553–1598. Dramatic poet. His dramas are forgotten, +but his prose romance, Euphues and his England, is remembered for the +great influence it had upon the speech of the time. L. was a reformer, +though pedantic and fantastic. Euphuism has been ridiculed by Sydney, +Jonson, Shakespeare, and Walter Scott. <i>See Collins's Hist. Dramatic +Poetry, Lamb's Specimens Early Eng. Poets, and Chas. Kingsley's Westward +Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lyndsay.</b> See Lindsay, David.<span class="pagenum">[86]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lyte, Henry Francis.</b> 1793–1847. Poet. His hymn, Abide with Me, is widely +known. <i>Pub. Le. Ran.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lyttleton, George, Lord.</b> 1709–1773. Author Dialogues of the Dead, Hist. +Henry II., etc. <i>See Life, by Phillimore, 1845.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Lytton.</b> See Bulwer-Lytton.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="M" id="M"></a> +<b>Macaulay, Mrs. Catherine.</b> 1733–1791. Historian. Author Hist. of England +during the Stuart dynasty, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Macaulay, Thos. Babington, Lord.</b> 1800–1859. Poet, essayist, and +historian. A brilliant but partisan writer. The impetuous rush and vigor +of his Lays of Ancient Rome obscure their poetical defects. His essays +are numerous and cover a wide range. His Hist. of England is a superb +piece of writing but it lacks the calm impartiality that a history +should possess. <i>See Lines by Milman, F. Arnold and G. O. Trevelyan; +Macaulay, by J. C. Morrison in Eng. Men of Letters; and H. Martineau's +Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Arm. Clx. Har. Hou. Lip. Lit. Por. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>MacDonald, George.</b> 1824 ——. Scotch novelist and poet. His work is all +of an earnest, religious cast, but marred sometimes by mannerisms and +vagueness of touch. Robert Falconer, Alec Forbes, and St. George and St. +Michael are the best of his numerous novels. Phantastes contains some of +his best poetry. <i>See Lit. World, May 19, 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Do. Har. +Lip. Mac. Rob. Rou. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mackarness, Mrs. Henry.</b> 1826–1881. Author of the tale A Trap to Catch a +Sunbeam, etc. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mackay, Chas.</b> 1812 ——. Scotch poet and miscellaneous writer. Author +Town Lyrics, etc. <i>See <span class="pagenum">[87]</span>Poems of, edition 1876.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mackay, Wm.</b> 1803–1882. Philosopher. Author Progress of the Intellect, +Eternal Gospel, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mackenzie, Sir George.</b> 1636–1691. Scotch miscellaneous writer. A +voluminous author of much eminence in his day.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mackenzie, Henry.</b> Scotch novelist and essayist. Author the famous novel, +The Man of Feeling, etc. <i>See collected works, 1808.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mackintosh, Sir James.</b> 1765–1832. Ethical and historical writer. <i>See +Memoirs by his son.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Macklin, Chas.</b> 1690–1797. Irish dramatist. Author of the bright comedy, +The Man of the World. M. appeared on the stage as an actor till nearly +100. <i>See Memoirs of, 1804.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Macleod</b> [măk-lowd´], <b>Norman.</b> 1812–1872. Scotch miscellaneous writer. +Author of The Starling, Reminiscences of a Highland Parish, etc. <i>See +Life by his brother, and Memoir by Alex. Strahan.</i> <i>Pub. Do. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Macneil, Hector.</b> 1746–1818. Scotch poet. Author Will and Jean, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Macpherson, James.</b> 1738–1796. Scotch poet. Supposed author of a series +of poems purporting to be by Ossian, an ancient Gaelic bard. These +forgeries were immensely popular in spite of their wild and +over-strained diction. M. never revealed the secret of their authorship. +<i>See H. Morley's Shorter Eng. Poems.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Macquoid, Mrs. Katherine S.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author Patty, Beside the +River, Too Soon, etc., and several vols. of travel, Through Normandy, +Through Brittany, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Lip. Mac. Ran. Rou.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[88]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Madden, Richard Robert.</b> 1798 ——. Poet and miscellaneous writer. Author +The Infirmities of Genius, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Magee, Wm.</b> 1765–1831. Abp. Dublin. Theologian. His best known work is +the Discourses on the Atonement. <i>See complete works, 1842.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Magee, Wm. Connor.</b> 1821 ——. Bp. Peterborough. Grandson to Wm. M. +Religious writer. Author Sermons, Lectures, etc. Style eloquent and +forcible.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maginn, Wm.</b> 1793–1842. Irish humorist. Style learned, witty, and +brilliant. <i>See Works, edited by R. S. Mackenzie, 5 vols., N. Y. 1857.</i> +<i>Pub. Wid.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mahaffey, John Peytland.</b> 1839 ——. Author Hist. Classical Greek Lit., +Old Greek Life, Rambles and Studies in Greece, Greek Social Life, Old +Greek Education, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mahoney, Francis</b>, "Father Prout." 1805–1866. Irish poet and journalist. +M. wrote the noted poem, The Bells of Shandon.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maine, Sir Henry James Sumner.</b> 1822 ——. Jurist. Author Roman Law, +Ancient Law, Village Communities, Early Hist. of Institutions, etc. +<i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maitland, Edward.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author The Higher Law, The Pilgrim +and the Shrine, and By-and-By. <i>Pub. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maitland, Sir Richard.</b> 1496–1586. Scotch poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Malcolm, Sir John.</b> 1769–1833. Diplomatist. Author Hist. of Persia, +Political Hist. India, Life of Lord Clive, etc. <i>See Kaye's Life of, +London, 1856.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mallet, David.</b> 1700–1765. Scotch poet. Author Ballads, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mallock, Wm. Hurrel.</b> 1849 ——. Novelist. Author Is Life Worth Living, +The New Republic, Positivism on an Island, Romance of the 19th Cent., +etc. A writer of much force and originality.<span class="pagenum">[89]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Malmesbury, Wm. of.</b> 1095?-1143. Anglo-Norman historian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Malone, Edmund.</b> 1741–1812. Shakespearean scholar. Editor of the edition +of 1790. <i>See Life, by Prior, 1860.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Malory, Sir Thomas.</b> 1430?-1496. Author or translator of the famous +romance, The Morte d'Arthur. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Malthus, Thos. Robt.</b> 1766–1834. Political economist. Author of a +celebrated Essay on the Principle of Population. <i>See Life, by Otter, +1836.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mandeville, Bernard.</b> 1670–1733. Philosopher. Author of the noted Fable +of the Bees, or Private Vices Public Benefits, etc. <i>See Craik's Eng. +Lit. vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mandeville, Sir John.</b> 1300–1372. "The first writer in formed English." +He traveled extensively and wrote an entertaining account of his +travels.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Manley, Mrs. Mary de la Riviere.</b> 1672–1724. Novelist and dramatist. She +wrote the noted political satire, The New Atlantis.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Manners, John Lord.</b> 1818 ——. Poet. Author England's Trust, English +Ballads, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Manning, Anne.</b> 1807 ——. Novelist. Author Mary Powell, Household of Sir +Thos. More, Passages in the Life of the Faire Gospeller, etc. <i>Pub. Do.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Manning, Henry Edw., Cardinal.</b> 1808 ——. Theologian. Author Temporal +Power of the Pope, Parochial Sermons, The Vatican Decrees, etc. <i>See +Century Mag. May, 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Sad.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mannyng, Robert.</b> fl. c. 1340. Rhyming chronicler.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mansel, Henry Longueville.</b> 1820–1871. Philosopher. Author The Limits of +Religious Thought,<span class="pagenum">[90]</span> Philosophy of Consciousness, Bampton Lect., 1858, +etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mant, Richard.</b> 1776–1848. Bp. Killaloe. Religious writer. Author Poems, +Hist. Ch. of Ireland, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mantell, Gideon Algernon.</b> 1790–1852. Geological writer of note. Author +Thoughts on a Pebble, Medals of Creation, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Map</b>, or <b>Mapes, Walter</b>. 1150–1196. Anglo-Norman poet and romancer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marlowe, Christopher.</b> 1564–1593. Dramatist and poet. The greatest +dramatist before Shakespeare. His Tamburlaine was the first blank verse +play acted. Faustus, Jew of Malta, and Edward II. are powerful dramas. +The influence of Marlowe is traceable in several of Shakespeare's plays. +<i>See editions by Cunningham and Dyce.</i> <i>See Schlegel's Dramatic Lit.</i> +<i>Pub. Mac. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marryatt, Frederick.</b> 1792–1849. Marine novelist. Peter Simple, Jacob +Faithful, and Midshipman Easy are among the best of his novels. They are +lively, inartistic tales, full of broad fun and drollery. <i>See Life, by +his daughter Florence, 1872.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Lip. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marryatt, Florence.</b> See Ross-Church, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marsh, Mrs. Anne Caldwell.</b>?—— 1874. Novelist. Author Ravenscliffe, +Emilia Wyndham, Lettice Arnold, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marsh, Herbert.</b> 1757–1839. Bp. Peterborough. A profound writer on +politics and divinity. Author of a noted Hist. of the Politics of Gt. +Britain and France.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marston, John.</b> 1575–1634. Dramatist and satirist. <i>See Halliwell's +edition, 3 vols., London, 1856.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[91]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Marston, Philip Bourke.</b> 1850 ——. Poet. Son to W. M. Author Song-Tide, +All in All, etc., and of numerous sketches and tales. His verse is +strongly subjective in tone. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marston, Westland.</b> 1820 ——. Dramatist and poet. The Patrician's +Daughter is one of his best plays.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Martin, Theodore.</b> 1816 ——. Translator and biographer. Author of Life of +the Prince Consort, etc., and with W. E. Aytoun of the Bon Gualtier +Ballads. <i>See The Biograph, Jan. 1879.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Martineau, Harriet.</b> 1802–1876. Miscellaneous writer. Her illustrations +of political economy are in the form of fiction. Deerbrook and The Hour +and the Man are her most noted romances. Style strong, clear, and +original. <i>See Autobiography, 1876.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ho. Mac. Por. Rob. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Martineau, James.</b> 1805 ——. Theologian. Bro. to H. M. A leader of +Unitarian thought. Author Studies of Christianity, Hymns of Praise and +Prayer, Religious and Modern Materialism, Endeavors after a Christian +Life, etc. <i>Pub. Ho. Put. Rob. A. U. A.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marvell, Andrew.</b> 1620–1678. Poet and controversialist. As the former he +ranks among the first of the minor poets of his time. His fancy is +delicate and quaint. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Marzials, Théophile.</b> 1850 ——. Poet and musician. Author of The Gallery +of Pigeons, etc. Of his songs Twickenham Ferry is one of the best known. +<i>See The Biograph, March, 1880.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mason, Wm.</b> 1725–1797. Poet. His verse is wordy and feeble.<span class="pagenum">[92]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Massey, Gerald.</b> 1828 ——. Poet. Author Babe Christabel, Craigcrook +Castle, etc. His verse has more sweetness than strength. <i>See Stedman's +Victorian Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Massinger</b> [măs´sĭn-jĕr], <b>Philip.</b> 1584–1640. A writer of much +power whose style is clear and flexible. The Virgin Martyr, Fatal Dowry, +City Madam, and A New Way to Pay Old Debts, are his finest plays. The +latter is often acted. <i>See Works of, edited by Gifford, 4. vols.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Masson, David.</b> 1822 ——. Scotch biographer and critic. Author British +Novelists, Biographical and Critical Essays, Recent British Philosophy, +etc. His chief work is a Life of Milton, a book of great merit and +ability. <i>See The Biograph, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mathers, Helen.</b> See Reeves, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mathias, Thos. James.</b> 1776–1835. Supposed author of the poem The +Pursuits of Literature.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maturin</b> [măt-yoo´rĭn], <b>Chas. Robert.</b> 1782–1824. Irish novelist. +Author Melmoth, an extravagant romance, and the tragedy of Bertram.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maurice</b> [maw´rĭss], <b>John Frederic Denison.</b> 1805–1872. Theologian and +ethical writer. A prominent Broad Church clergyman, writing much and +well upon theology, philosophy, and other subjects. A Hist. Moral and +Metaphysical Philosophy is his chief work. Others are Theological +Essays, The Bible and Science, and the Friendship of Books. <i>Pub. Le. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maxwell, James Clerk.</b> 1831 ——. Scientific writer of note. <i>Pub. Apl. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maxwell, Mrs. Mary E.</b> [Braddon]. 1837 ——. Novelist. A writer of +sensational tales, among which Aurora Floyd is the most famous. Her<span class="pagenum">[93]</span> +latest novels show a greatly improved style. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maxwell, Wm. Hamilton.</b> 1794–1850. Irish novelist. His fiction is +military in character. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Maxwell, Sir Wm. Stirling.</b> 1818–1878. Author The Cloister Life of Chas. +V., Velasquez and his Works, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>May, Sir Thos. Erskine.</b> 1815 ——. Historian. Author Constitutional Hist. +England, Hist. Democracy in Europe, etc. Style careful and thoughtful. +<i>See Lit. World, April, 1878, and The Biograph, March, 1880.</i> <i>Pub. Arm. +Wid.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayhew, Augustus.</b> 1812–1875. Littérateur.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayhew, Edward.</b> 1813 ——. Veterinary writer. Bro. to A. M. Author +Illustrated Horse Doctor, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayhew, Henry.</b> 1812–1876. Bro. to two preceding. Author London Labor and +London Poor, German Life and Manners and numerous humorous works. <i>Pub. +Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayhew, Horace.</b> 1819–1872. Humorist. Bro. to three preceding. Author +Letters Left at the Pastry Cook's, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayhew, Thomas.</b> 1810 ——. Bro. to four preceding. Editor of the Penny +National Library.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayne, John.</b> 1761–1836. Scotch poet. Author of The Siller Gun, Logan +Braes, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mayo, Mrs. Isabella Fyvie</b>, "Edward Garrett." 1843 ——. Religious +novelist. Author By Still Waters, Occupations of a Retired Life, Gold +and Dross, etc. <i>Pub. Do.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>McCarthy, Denis Florence.</b> 1820–1880. Poet and miscellaneous writer. +Author Ballads, Poems, and other Lyrics, etc., and translator of the +dramas of Calderon.<span class="pagenum">[94]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>McCarthy, Justin.</b> 1830 ——. Novelist and historian. Author Linley +Rochford, Dear Lady Disdain, etc., and of a valuable Hist. of Our Own +Times. Style graphic and forcible. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>McCulloch, John Ramsay.</b> 1789–1864. Political economist. Author +Principles of Political Economy, Dict. of Commerce, Statistical Account +of the British Empire, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Melmoth, Wm.</b> 1710–1799. Translator of Pliny. Author Lælius, or +Friendship, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Melville, Sir James.</b> 1535–1606. Scotch writer. Author Historical +Memoirs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Melville, J. G. Whyte.</b> 1821–1878. Novelist. Author Kate Coventry, The +White Rose, Katerfelto, etc. Style rapid and spirited. <i>Pub. Apl. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Meredith, Owen.</b> See Bulwer-Lytton, E. R.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Merivale, Chas.</b> 1808–1874. Historian. Author Hist. Latin Christianity, +Fall of the Roman Republic, Hist. of the Romans under the Empire, etc. A +writer of much ease and dignity of style, whose historical estimates are +careful and valuable. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Merivale, Herman.</b> 1806–1874. Historical writer. Bro. to C. M.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Merrick, James.</b> 1720–1769. Poet. His poem The Chameleon is well known.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Miall, Edward.</b> 1809–1881. Political writer. Author Ethics of +Non-Conformity, The Voluntary Principle, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mickle, Wm. Julius.</b> 1734–1788. Scotch poet. His poem, Cumnor Hall, +suggested Scott's Kenilworth. <i>See Works of, 1808.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Middleton, Conyers.</b> 1683–1750. Theologian. M. wrote a Life of Cicero and +a Free Inquiry into the Miraculous Powers of the Church.<span class="pagenum">[95]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Middleton, Thomas.</b> 1570–1627. Dramatist. The Witch of Edmonton, a +tragi-comedy, is his most noted play. <i>See Dyce's edition, 1840.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mill, James.</b> 1773–1836. Scotch historian and philologist. Author of an +impartial Hist. British India, Analysis of the Mind, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mill, John Stuart.</b> 1806–1873. Philosopher. Son to J. M. A profound but +cold thinker and writer. Author System of Logic, Political Economy, +Liberty, Subjection of Women, etc. <i>See Autobiography, Table's Eng. +Lit., and Caroline Fox's Memories of old Friends.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Ho. +Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Miller, Hugh.</b> 1802–1856. Geologist. Author Old Red Sandstone, Footprints +of the Creator, etc., works which greatly helped to popularize the study +of geology. <i>See Life, by Peter Bayne.</i> <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Miller, Thomas.</b> 1808 ——. Poet and novelist. Author Rural Sketches, +Country Scenes, Fair Rosamond, Songs for British Riflemen, etc. <i>Pub. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Milman, Henry Hart</b>. 1791–1868. Poet and historian. M. was author of +Fazio, a successful drama, of an excellent Hist. of the Jews, of +numerous poems, and editor of an annotated Gibbon. <i>Pub. Arm. Har. Lit. +Por. Put. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Milnes</b> [milnz], <b>Richard Monckton, Lord Houghton.</b> 1809 ——. Poet and +littérateur. Author Poems of Many Years, Life of Keats, etc. <i>See +Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Milton, John.</b> 1608–1674. Poet. His literary life sharply defines itself +into 3 periods; in the first, 1626–1640, he wrote the poems L'Allegro, +Il Penseroso, the Pastoral of Comus, and the elegy Lycidas. During the +second, 1640–1660, he wrote prose treatises, mainly controversial, such +as the Areopagitica, and his sonnets. After 1660 came the great epics,<span class="pagenum">[96]</span> +Paradise Lost, and Paradise Regained, and the choral drama Samson +Agonistes. A great artist, he created the Eng. epic, infusing it with +his own severe strength and dignity. He had no humor or feeling for +dramatic situation but he could be both graceful and tender as his early +poems show. He was the great Puritan poet. Of the numerous Lives of +Milton the best are, <i>Masson's and Mark Pattison's Milton in Eng. Men of +Letters. Pickering's, Rossetti's and Masson's are among the best +editions of his poems. For complete edition of his prose works see +Bohn's Standard Library.</i> <i>See Hines's Study of Paradise Lost.</i> <i>Pub. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Minto, Wm.</b> 1845 ——. Littérateur. Author Characteristics of Eng. Poets, +from Chaucer to Shirley, Manual of Eng. Prose Lit., Defoe in Eng. Men of +Letters, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mitford, John.</b> 1781–1859. Poet and critic.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mitford, Mary Russell.</b> 1786–1855. Miscellaneous writer. Author of the +tragedies Julian, Rienzi, Foscari, etc., and the charming series of +those sketches entitled Our Village. <i>See Fields' Yesterdays with +Authors, and The Friendships of Mary Russell Mitford.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mitford, Wm.</b> 1744–1827. Historian. Author Hist. of Greece, etc. <i>See +Life, by Lord Redesdale.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mivart, St. George.</b> 1827 ——. Naturalist. Author The Genesis of Species, +Contemporary Evolution, The Cat, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Moberly, Geo.</b> 1803 ——. Bp. Salisbury. Religious writer. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Moir</b> [moi´ȇr], <b>David Macbeth.</b> 1798–1851. Scotch poet and novelist.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[97]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Molesworth, Mrs. Mary Louisa [Stewart]</b>, "Ennis Graham." 1841 ——. +Scotch novelist. Author of the novels Hathercourt and Miss Bouverie, and +of numerous excellent juvenile works of which The Cuckoo Clock, Carrots, +and The Tapestry Room are well-known examples. <i>See The Spectator, Jan. +1880, Jan. 1881, and Jan. 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ho. Mac. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Monboddo, Lord.</b> See Burnet, James.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Montagu, Chas. Earl of Halifax.</b> 1661–1715. Poet. Co-author with Prior of +The City Mouse and the Country Mouse, and author of miscellaneous poems. +<i>See Johnson's Lives of the Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Montagu, Mrs. Elizabeth.</b> 1720–1800. Founder of the Blue Stocking Club +and author of a once famous essay on the Genius of Shakespeare. <i>See +Doran's A Lady of the Last Century.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Montagu, Lady Mary Wortley.</b> 1690–1762. Famous for her brilliant and +satirical Letters. <i>See Letters of, edited by Mrs. S.J. Hale, N. Y., +1856.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Montgomery</b> [mȏnt-gŭm-ĕr-ĭ], <b>James.</b> 1771–1854. Scotch poet. +His verse is not strong, but some of his hymns are general favorites. +<i>See Critical Essays, by A. K. H. Boyd.</i> <i>Pub. Hou. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Montgomery, Robert.</b> 1808–1855. Poet. Author Satan, etc. Style stilted, +showy, and unnatural. <i>See Macauley's Miscellaneous Essays.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Montrose, Marquis of.</b> See Grahame, James.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Moore, Edward.</b> 1712–1757. Dramatist. Author of the tragedy, The +Gamester.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Moore, John.</b> 1730–1802. Scotch novelist. Author Zeluco, Edward, +Mordaunt, etc. <i>See Works, with Memoir, 7 vols., Edinburgh, 1820.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Moore, Thomas.</b> 1779–1852. Irish poet. Author of Irish Melodies, which +take high rank as lyrics, Lalla Rookh, a vol. of brilliant and showy +oriental poetry, and of much other verse, as well as several<span class="pagenum">[98]</span> prose +works. Though by no means a great poet, he has always been a popular +one. <i>See R. H. Montgomery's Life of, 1850; also Earl Russell's edition +of Moore's Diary.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Arm. Clx. Har. Hou. Le. Lip. For. Rou. +Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>More, Hannah.</b> 1745–1833. Dramatist and ethical writer. Author of Percy, +a drama, and of numerous popular moral tales, of which The Shepherd of +Salisbury Plain is the most famous. <i>See complete works, 1853.</i> <i>See +Lives by Shaw, Roberts, Thompson, and Smith.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Har. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>More, Henry.</b> 1614–1687. Philosopher. A writer whose mystical theories +are expressed in a clear, limpid style.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>More, Sir Thomas.</b> 1480–1530. Philosopher. His famous prose romance, The +Utopia, embodies many of his philosophical views. <i>See Life by Sir James +Mackintosh.</i> <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Morell, Thomas.</b> 1703–1784. Philologist. Author of the text of the +Oratorios of Joshua and Judas Maccabæus.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Morgan, Lady Sydney Owenson.</b> 1783–1859. Irish novelist. Author Wild +Irish Girl, Absenteeism, etc. A voluminous author, spirited but wanting +in refinement.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Morier, James.</b> 1780–1849. Oriental novelist. Hajji Baba is his most +noted work. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Morley, Henry.</b> 1822 ——. Author Hist. Eng. Lit., Tables of Eng. Lit., +Journal of a London Playgoer, Life of Palissy the Potter, etc. <i>Pub. +Cas.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Morley, John.</b> 1838 ——. Essayist and biographer. Author Lives of +Voltaire and Rousseau, Limits of the Historic Method, On Compromise, +Burke on Eng. Men of Letters, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[99]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Morris, Wm.</b> 1834 ——. The Defence of Guinevere, Life and Death of +Jason, and The Earthly Paradise are his chief poems. His verse is mainly +classical or mediæval in subject and epic in form. <i>See Stedman's +Victorian Poets and Swinburne's Essays and Studies.</i> <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mortimer, Mrs. Favell Lee.</b> 1802–1878. Religious writer. Author Reading +Without Tears, Peep of Day Series, etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Har. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Morton, Thomas.</b> 1764–1838. Dramatist. Author Speed the Plough, Secrets +Worth Knowing, etc. <i>See Gentleman's Mag. Dec. 1838.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Moss, Thomas.</b> 1740–1808. Poet. Author of the famous poem beginning "Pity +the sorrows of a poor Old Man."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Motherwell, Wm.</b> 1797–1858. Scotch poet. Jeanie Morrison, The Cavalier's +Song, and others of his ballads possess great lyric beauty. <i>See edition +1849.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mozley, James Bowling.</b> 1813–1878. Theologian. Author Lect. on the +Miracles, On Subscription to the Articles, Sermons, Essays, Historical, +Theological, etc. A clear, masterly thinker. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mozley, Thomas.</b> 1806 ——. Bro. to J. B. M. Author Reminiscences of Oriel +College and the Oxford Movement. <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mudie</b> [moo´dĭ or mū´dĭ] <b>Robert.</b> Scotch naturalist. Author of +some 90 vols. mainly on natural history; British Birds is his most +important work. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Muller, Friedric Max.</b> 1823 ——. German philologist. Author Chips from a +German Workshop, Science of Lang., Hist. Ancient Sanskrit Lit., etc. +<i>Pub. Mac. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Muloch, Dinah Maria.</b> See Craik, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Munday, Anthony.</b> 1553–1633. Dramatist. <i>See Carew Hazlitt's Early +English Literature.</i><span class="pagenum">[100]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Murchison, Sir Roderick I.</b> 1792–1871. Geologist of note. <i>See Memoirs +of, by Geikie, 2 vols., London, 1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Mure, Wm.</b> 1799–1860. Scotch historian. Author Critical Hist., Lang. and +Lit. of Ancient Greece, The Calendar of the Zodiac of Ancient Egypt, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Murphy, Arthur.</b> 1730–1805. Dramatist. Of his 23 plays The Grecian +Daughter and The Way to Keep Him were the most popular.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Murray, Alexander.</b> 1775–1813. Scotch philologist. Author Hist. European +Languages.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Murray, Hugh.</b> 1779–1841. Scotch geographer. Author of the Encyclopedia +of Geography, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Myers, Ernest.</b> 18— ——. Poet. Author of The Puritans, The Defence of +Rome, and other Poems, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Myers, Frederic Wm. Henry.</b> 1843 ——. Poet and littérateur. Author of St. +Paul, a poem, The Renewal of Youth and other Poems, Wordsworth in Eng. +Men of Letters, and Essays Modern and Classical. A thoughtful writer, +possessing a graceful and scholarly style. <i>Pub. Har. Mac. Ran.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="N" id="N"></a> +<b>Nabbes, Thomas.</b> 1600–1645. Dramatist.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nairne, Baroness.</b> See Oliphant, Carolina.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Napier, Admiral Sir Chas.</b> 1786–1860. Military historian. Cousin to Sir +C. J. N. Author Hist. Baltic Campaign, etc. <i>See Life and +Correspondence, 1862.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Napier, Gen. Sir Chas. James.</b> 1782–1853. Author Lights and Shadows of +Military Life, Hist. Ionian Islands, etc. <i>See Life and Opinions of, 4 +vols., London, 1857.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[101]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Napier, Capt. Henry Edward.</b> 1789–1853. Historian. Bro. to Sir C. J. N. +Author of a valuable Hist. of Florence in 7 vols. Style easy and +flowing.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Napier, John.</b> 1550–1617. Scotch mathematical writer. Inventor of +logarithms.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Napier, Macvey.</b> 1776–1847. Scotch writer. Editor of the supplement and +7th edition of the Encyc. Brit. and for 17 years editor of the Edinburgh +Rev.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Napier, Mark.</b> 1798 ——. Biographer. Author Memorials of Montrose, Life +and Times of Montrose, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Napier, Gen. Sir Wm. Francis Patrick.</b> 1785–1860. Military historian. +Bro. to Sir. C. J. N. and H. E. N. His great work is the Hist. of the +Peninsular War, a work of great value, possessing a perennial charm. +<i>See H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches, and Life by H. A. Bruce, +1863.</i> <i>Pub. Arm. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nares, Edward.</b> 1762–1841. Elements of General Hist. and the novel, +Thinks I to Myself, are among his chief works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nares, Robert.</b> 1753–1829. Critical and theological writer. Cousin to E. +N.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nash, Thomas.</b> 1577–1600. Dramatist. Author Summer's Last Will and +Testament, and of many brilliant satirical pamphlets. <i>See edition of +Pierre Penniless, with Life of Nash by Collier, 1842.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Neville, Henry.</b> 1620–1694. Political philosopher. Author of Plato +Redivivus, a dialogue concerning government.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Newcastle, Margaret, Duchess of.</b> 1624–1673. An untiring writer of +tasteless works in verse and prose. <i>See Poems of, edited by E. Brydges, +1813.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Newcome, Wm.</b> 1729–1800. Abp. Armagh. Theologian. Author Harmony of the +Gospels, etc.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[102]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Newman, Francis Wm.</b> 1805 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Author of Phases of +Faith, etc. He has written largely on religious topics from a +rationalistic standpoint.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Newman, Cardinal John Henry.</b> 1801 ——. Theologian. Bro. to F. W. N. +Author Tract No. 90, Parochial Sermons, Theory of Religious Belief, The +Grammar of Assent, Apologia Pro Vita Sua, Poems, etc. The Apologia is +one of the very finest of autobiographies. Style clear, polished, and +logical. <i>See Century Mag. June, 1882.</i> <i>Pub. Cath.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Newton, Sir Isaac.</b> 1642–1727. Mathematical philosopher. A writer of +clear, comprehensive intellect, Author of the Principia and a valuable +treatise on Optics, etc. <i>See Brewster's Life of.</i> <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Newton, John.</b> 1722–1807. Devotional writer. Co-author with Cowper of the +Olney Hymns. <i>See Works of London, 6 vols. 8vo, 1816.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nichol, John.</b> 1833 ——. Scotch littérateur. Author Sketch Am. Lit., the +drama of Hannibal, Tables of European Lit. and Hist., and a brilliant +monograph on Byron in Eng. Men of Letters. <i>See Lit. World. Feb. 24, +1883.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nichol, John Pringle.</b> 1804–1859. Astronomer. Author The Solar System, +The Stellar Heavens, Dict. Physical Sciences, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nicholas, Thomas.</b> 1820–1879. Ethnologist and historian. Author Pedigree +of the Eng. People, Hist. of Wales, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nicholson, Wm.</b> 1655–1727. Abp. Cashel. Antiquarian writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nicol, Henry.</b> 1845–1881. Philologist. Author Hist. Eng. Sounds.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nicolas, Sir Nicholas Harris.</b> 1799–1848. Genealogist. Author Hist. +Orders of Knighthood of the Brit. Empire, etc.<span class="pagenum">[103]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nicoll, Robert.</b> 1814–1837. Scotch poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Noel-Fearn, Henry</b> [Christmas]. 1811–1868. Miscellaneous writer. Author +Science and History, Preachers and Preaching, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Norris, John.</b> 1657–1711. Platonic philosopher. Author Theory of the +Ideal World, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>North, Christopher.</b> See Wilson, John.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Norton, Mrs. Caroline Elizabeth Sheridan</b> [Lady Maxwell]. 1808–1877. Poet +and novelist. Her verse has much grace and intensity of feeling. Bingen +on the Rhine is her most quoted poem. <i>Pub. Har. Lip. Mac. Ran.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Norton, Thomas.</b> 1532–1584. Dramatist. Co-author with Sackville of the +tragedy Ferrex and Porrex, and assistant of Sternhold and Hopkins in +their metrical version of the Psalms.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Nugent, Lord.</b> See Grenville, George.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"><a name="O" id="O"></a> +<b>Occam, Wm. of.</b> 1270–1347. Philosopher. Defender of the doctrine of +Nominalism and the greatest logician of the Middle Ages.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Occleve, Thos.</b> c. 1370–1454. Poet. His verse has little merit.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>O'Hare, Kane.</b> 1722–1782. Irish dramatist.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>O'Keefe, John.</b> 1747–1833. Irish dramatist. The best of his numerous +plays and operas, some of which are still acted, is Wild Oats.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oldham, John.</b> 1653–1683. Poet. Author of Satires against the Jesuits. +Style spirited and forcible. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oldmixon, John.</b> 1673–1742. Dramatist and historian. His plays and +histories are of slight value, and his chief title to remembrance is +Pope's satire upon him in The Dunciad.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[104]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Oldys, Wm.</b> 1696–1761. Biographer and antiquarian. Best known by his +famous little poem, The Fly and the Cup of Ale.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oliphant, Carolina, Baroness Nairne.</b> 1766–1845. Scotch poet. Her songs, +such as Land o' the Leal, Caller Herrin', etc., take a high rank. <i>See +Complete Works, with Life by C. Rogers, Edinburgh, 1869.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oliphant, Laurence.</b> 1829 ——. Satirist and miscellaneous writer. Author +of Piccadilly, a Fragment of Contemporaneous Biography, Tender +Recollections of Irene McGillicuddy, Altiora Peto, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oliphant, Mrs. Margaret.</b> 1828 ——. Novelist. Author of a long series of +novels, all good, and some very fine, and much well written biography. +Her style is even, her turns of expression felicitous and her character +drawing truthful. The Perpetual Curate, Chronicles of Carlingford, +Zaidee, Harry Joscelyn, Son of the Soil, Lady Jane, The Little Pilgrim, +and the Literary Hist. of England are some of her best books. Few +authors have written so much and so uniformly well. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Ho. +Lip. Mac. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>O'Meara, Barry Edward.</b> 1780–1836. Napoleonic writer. Author Letters from +St. Helena, Memoirs of Napoleon, Napoleon in Exile, etc. <i>Pub. Arm. +Wid.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Opie, Mrs. Amelia</b> [Alderson]. 1769–1853. Novelist and poet. Father and +Daughter is her best novel, The Orphan Boy her most familiar poem. Style +simple and pathetic. <i>See Miss Brightwell's Life of, London, 1834, and +H. Martineau's Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Orme, Robert.</b> 1728–1801. Historian. Hist. British in India, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>O'Shaughnessy</b> [o'shaw´nĕ-sĭ], <b>Arthur W. E.</b> 1844–1881. +<span class="pagenum">[105]</span> Author Songs +of a Worker, Lays of France, Music and Moonlight, etc. <i>See Stedman's +Victorian Poets, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4, 2d edition.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ossian.</b> Mythical Keltic bard. See Macpherson, James.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ottley, Wm. Young.</b> 1771–1836. Art writer. Author The Italian School of +Design, Engravers and their Works, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Otway, Thomas.</b> 1651–1685. Dramatist. A tragic writer of great pathos. +His greatest works, Venice Preserved and The Orphan are still +occasionally acted. <i>See Works with Life, by Thornton, 1813.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ouida.</b> See De la Ramé, Louisa.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ousely</b> [ooz´lĭ], <b>Sir Wm.</b> 1771–1842. Orientalist. Author Oriental +Collections, Travels in Persia, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Overbury, Sir Thomas.</b> 1581–1613. Poet and philosopher. Characters, his +chief work, contains an exquisite and oft quoted description of A Fair +and Happy Milkmaid.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Owen, John.</b> 1616–1683. Theologian. Style heavy and labored. <i>See edition +of 1826 with Life.</i> <i>Pub. P. B.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Owen, Richard.</b> 1804 ——. Scientific writer of note. Author Lect. on +Comparative Anatomy, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Owen, Robert.</b> 1771–1858. Writer on social reforms. <i>See H. Martineau's +Biographical Sketches.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Owenson, Sydney.</b> See Morgan, Lady.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oxenden, Ashton.</b> 1808 ——. Bp. Montreal. Religious writer. Author +Pathway of Safety, Our Church and her Services, Thoughts for Lent, etc. +<i>Pub. Dut. Ran. Wh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Oxenford, John.</b> 1812–1877. Dramatist and critic. Translator of Goethe's +Autobiography.<span class="pagenum">[106]</span></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="P" id="P"></a> +<b>Paley, Frederic Apthorp.</b> 1817 ——. Classical scholar. Grandson to W. P. +Editor and translator of numerous classical works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Paley, Wm.</b> 1743–1805. Moral philosopher. Author Natural Theology, +Elements of Moral and Political Philosophy, etc. <i>See Complete Works, 4 +vols., London, 1838, biography by Meadley, 1839.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Nel. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Palgrave</b> [pawl´grāv], <b>Sir Francis.</b> 1788–1861. Historian. Author Hist. +of the Anglo-Saxons, Rise and Progress of the Eng. Commonwealth, +Anglo-Saxon Period, Hist. of Normandy and of England, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Palgrave, Francis Turner.</b> 1824 ——. Poet and critic. Son to F. P. Author +Essays on Art, Hymns, Lyrical Poems, etc. <i>See Stedman's Victorian +Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Por. Ran. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Palgrave, Wm. Gifford.</b> 1826 ——. Traveller. Son to F. P. Author Essays +on the Eastern Question, Dutch Guiana, Herman Agha, etc. <i>Pub. Ho. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Palmer, Sir Roundell</b> [Baron Selborne]. 1812 ——. Author of the Book of +Praise. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pardoe</b> [par´dō], <b>Julia.</b> 1806–1862. Novelist and historical writer. +Author Court and Reign of Francis I., etc. <i>Pub. Har. Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Paris, Matthew.</b>?—— 1259. Historical writer. <i>See Bohn's Antiquarian +Library.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Park, Mungo.</b> 1771–1805. Scotch explorer and writer of travels. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Parker, John Henry.</b> 1806 ——. Writer on Architecture. Author Glossary of +Arch., Introduction to the Study of Gothic Arch., Domestic Arch. of the +Middle Ages, etc., <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Parnell</b> [par´nell], <b>Thomas.</b> 1669–1718. Poet. Author of The Hermit, etc. +<i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i> +<span class="pagenum">[107]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Parr, Harriet</b> ["Holme Lee"]. 18— ——. Novelist. Author Sylvan Holt's +Daughter, Kathie Brande, For Richer for Poorer, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Parr, Mrs. Louisa.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author Dorothy Fox, Adam and Eve, +etc. <i>Pub. Ho. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Parr, Samuel.</b> 1747–1825. Classical scholar and critic. <i>See Field's +Memoirs of, 1828.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pater, Walter H.</b> 1838 ——. Author Studies on the Hist. of the +Renaissance. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Patmore, Coventry Kearsey Dighton.</b> 1823 ——. Poet. Author Angel in the +House, Faithful Forever, and other vols. of rather commonplace verse. +<i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Dut. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pattison, Mark.</b> 1813 ——. Author Tendencies of Religious Thought in +England, a noted Biography of Isaac Casaubon, Milton in Eng. Men. of +Letters, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Payn, James.</b> 1830 ——. Novelist. A writer of excellent stories; Lost Sir +Massingberd, and By Proxy, being among the best. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Peacock, Thos. Love.</b> 1785–1866. Novelist and poet. Maid Marian, Headlong +Hall, etc., are lively, witty novels. <i>See Complete Works edited by +Cole, 1875.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pearson, Charles Henry.</b> 1830 ——. Historian. Author Hist. of England in +the Early and Middle Ages. <i>Pub. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pearson, John.</b> 1613–1686. Bp. Chester. Theologian. His Exposition of the +Creed is still a standard theological work. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pecock, Reginald.</b> 1390–1460. Bp. Chichester. Theologian. Author of The +Repressor, etc. <i>See Morley's Eng. Writers, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Peele, George.</b> 1552–1598. Dramatist and poet. Author Arraignment of +Paris, Absalom, Edward I.,<span class="pagenum">[108]</span> etc. In places Peele's verse is very +musical. <i>See Lamb's Dramatic Poets; also Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1, and +Ulrici's Dramatic Art.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Penn, Wm.</b> 1644–1718. No Cross No Crown, his most noted work, sets forth +the doctrines of the Quakers. <i>See Lives, by H. Dixon, Janney, and +Wirt.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pennant, Thomas.</b> 1726–1798. Antiquarian and writer on natural history.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pennell, Henry Cholmondeley</b> [chŭm´lĭ]. 1836 ——. Poet. Author of +Puck on Pegasus, Pegasus Re-saddled, etc., and several works on Angling. +<i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pepys</b> [peeps or pĕps], <b>Samuel.</b> 1633–1703. Author of a famous Diary +presenting an extremely lifelike picture of the time of Charles II. <i>See +Samuel Pepys and the World he Lived In, by Henry B. Wheatly.</i> <i>See +Braybrooke edition</i>, <i>pub. Apl.</i>; <i>Bright edition, London</i>, <i>pub. Bi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Percy, Thos.</b> 1728–1811. Bp. Dromore. Poet and editor of the famous +Reliques of Ancient Eng. Poetry, a work of great influence upon +subsequent Eng. verse. <i>See Hales's and Furnivall's edition, 1868.</i> +<i>Pub. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Phillimore, John George.</b> 1809–1865. Jurist. Author Hist. Law of +Evidence, Principles and Maxims of Jurisprudence. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Phillimore, Robert Joseph.</b> 1810 ——. Jurist. Bro. to J. G. P. Author +Civil and Canon Law, Eccl. Law Church of England, etc. <i>Pub. Jo.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Philips, Ambrose.</b> 1675–1749. Dramatist. A writer of trifling merit, who +is chiefly remembered on account of Pope's vindictive satire upon him.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Philips, John.</b> 1676–1708. Poet. Author of the mock-heroic poem The +Splendid Shilling.<span class="pagenum">[109]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Philips, Mrs. Katharine.</b> 1631–1664. Poet. Known as "The Matchless +Orinda."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Phillips, Halliwell.</b> See Halliwell-Phillips.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pickering, Ellen.</b>?—— 1843. Novelist. Author Who Shall be Heir, Secret +Foe, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pindar, Peter.</b> See Wolcott, John.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pinkerton, John.</b> 1758–1826. Scotch historian and antiquary. His Hist. of +Scotland and other works are fiercely controversial in tone.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Piozzi</b> [pē-ŏt´see], <b>Mrs. Hester</b> <b>[Lynch]. Mrs. Thrale.</b> 1740–1821. +Author Anecdotes of Dr. Johnson, etc., and the well-known poem The Three +Warnings. <i>See Autobiography, Letters, etc., 1861.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pitt, Wm., Lord Chatham.</b> 1708–1778. Statesman. His numerous Speeches +rank among the finest of their class.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Planche</b> [plon-shā´], <b>James Robinson.</b> 1796–1870. Dramatist. A prolific +writer of dramas, fairy extravaganzas and farces; Prince Charming, +Yellow Dwarf, etc. <i>See Bric-a-brac Series, 1st vol., and The Biograph, +March, 1880.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Plumptre, Edward Hayes.</b> 1821 ——. Poet and translator. Author Lazarus +and other Poems, etc., Byways of Scripture, etc., and translation of +Sophocles and Æschylus. His verse is didactic in character. <i>Pub. Dut. +Mac. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pole, Reginald, Cardinal.</b> 1500–1558. Theological writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pollock, Frederick.</b> 1845 ——. Jurist. Author Principles of Contract, +Digest of Law of Partnership, Spinoza: his Life and Philosophy, and The +Land Laws in Macmillan's Eng. Citizen Series. <i>Pub. Mac. Th.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pollock, Robert.</b> 1799–1827. Scotch poet. Author of The Course of Time, a +heavy, didactic, blank-verse poem, once very popular. <i>Pub. Apl. Ca. +Clx.</i><span class="pagenum">[110]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pomfret, John.</b> 1667–1703. Poet. Author of The Choice. <i>See Life, by Dr. +Johnson.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Poole, John.</b> 1786–1872. Dramatist and humorist. Author of the comedy, +Paul Pry, Little Pedlington, a vol. of witty sketches, The Comic +Sketch-Book, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Poole, Matthew.</b> 1624–1679. Biblical Commentator. <i>Pub. Ca.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pope, Alexander.</b> 1688–1744. A correct, polished poet whose verse lacks +sentiment and feeling. The heroic couplet is his usual measure. His +translation of Homer, though a fine effort, lacks the freshness and +spontaneity of its original. His chief poems are Essay on Man, Moral +Essays, The Dunciad, a talented but terrible satire, and The Rape of the +Lock, a brilliant, glittering piece of literary trifling. <i>See editions +of, by A. W. Ward, Cowden-Clarke, and Rossetti.</i> <i>See Lowell's My Study +Windows; also Leslie Stephen's Pope in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. +Le. Mac. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Porson, Richard.</b> 1759–1808. Classical scholar and writer of note. <i>See +Watson's Life of, 1861.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Porter, Anna Maria.</b> 1781–1832. Novelist. Don Sebastian is perhaps the +best of her numerous novels.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Porter, Jane.</b> 1776–1850. Novelist. Sister to A. M. P. The famous +romances Thaddeus of Warsaw and Scottish Chiefs are her chief works. +<i>Pub. Apl. Le. Lip. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Powell, Baden.</b> 1796–1860. Philosopher. Author Hist. Nat. Philosophy, +Spirit of Inductive Philosophy, Study and Evidence of Christianity, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Poynter, E. Frances.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author My Little Lady, Ersilia, +Among the Hills, etc. <i>Pub. Ho.</i><span class="pagenum">[111]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Praed</b> [prād], <b>Winthrop Mackworth.</b> 1802–1839. Poet. A writer of +pleasing verse, of which the Belle of the Ball is a good example. <i>See +Complete Works, edited by Sir Geo. Young.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. +4.</i> <i>Pub. Arm.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Price, Bonamy.</b> 1807 ——. Political economist. Author Practical Political +Economy, Currency and Banking, Principles of Currency, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Prideaux</b> [prĭd´o, or prĭd-ŭx], <b>Humphrey.</b> 1648–1724. Theologian. +Noted for his Connection of the Old and New Testaments. <i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Priestley, Joseph.</b> 1733–1804. Theologian and scientist. Author of over +300 books on chemistry, theology, metaphysics, etc. <i>See Works of, 1824, +26 vols.</i> <i>See Life of, by Corry.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pringle, Thomas.</b> 1789–1834. Scotch poet. His best poem is the spirited +Afar in the Desert. <i>See Grant Wilson's Poets of Scotland.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Prior, Matthew.</b> 1664–1721. Poet. A sprightly writer whose light and airy +style is seen to best advantage in his comic narrative poems. <i>See +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Procter, Adelaide Anne.</b> 1825–1864. Poet. Dau. to B. W. P. Author Legends +and Lyrics. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Procter, Bryan Waller, "Barry Cornwall."</b> 1790–1874. Poet. A writer of +somewhat over-praised lyric verse. The tragedy of Mirandola is his +finest dramatic effort. <i>See Autobiography. Compare Stedman's Victorian +Poets and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Proctor Richard Anthony.</b> 1837 ——. Astronomer. Author Other Worlds than +Ours, Our Place Among the Infinities, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Arm. Lip. Put.</i><span class="pagenum">[112]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Prout, Father.</b> See Mahoney, Francis.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Prynne, Wm.</b> 1600–1669. Political and antiquarian writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pugin</b> [pū-jin], <b>Augustus.</b> 1792–1832. Architectural writer of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pugin, Augustin Welby Northmore.</b> 1812–1852. Architect. Son to A. P. +Author Examples of Gothic Architecture, Glossary of Eccl. Ornament, etc. +<i>See Ferrey's Recollections of A. W. N. Pugin and Augustus Pugin, 1861.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Purchas, Samuel.</b> 1577–1628. Chronicler and compiler of travels.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pusey</b> [pū´zĭ], <b>Edward Bouverie.</b> 1800–1882. Theologian. Author +Hist. Councils of the Church, Doctrine of the Real Presence, etc, and +many of the Tracts for the Times. The earlier Ritualists were named +Puseyites. His influence greatly deepened the religious feeling of the +Anglican Church. <i>See Life, by Liddon.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pusey, Philip Edward.</b> 18—-1880. Theological writer. Son to E. B. P.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Puttenham, George.</b> 1530-c. 1600. Author of The Art of Eng. Poesie.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Pye, Henry James.</b> 1745–1813. Poet. Author of very indifferent verse.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="Q" id="Q"></a> +<b>Quarles, Francis.</b> 1592–1644. Poet. An ingenious versifier, very popular +in his own day, and now chiefly known by his Divine Emblems and a vol. +of prose maxims entitled Enchiridion.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Quarles, John.</b> 1624–1665. Poet. Son to F. Q. Author Divine Meditations, +etc. His verse is marked by the same fantastic, labored conceits as that +of his father.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Quincey, Thos. de.</b> See De Quincey.<span class="pagenum">[113]</span></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="R" id="R"></a> +<b>Radcliffe, Mrs. Ann</b> [Ward]. 1764–1823. Novelist. A writer of powerful +sensational romances, the best known of which are The Mysteries of +Udolpho and Romance of the Forest. <i>See Memoir of, by Talfourd, and +Memoir of, by Miss Rossetti.</i> <i>Pub. Clx. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Raleigh</b> [raw´lĭ], <b>Sir Walter.</b> 1532–1618. His chief work, The Hist. of +the World, has great literary merit. <i>See Lives, by Whitehead, Oldys, +Birch, Cayley, Thomson, Tytler, Napier, St. John, and Edwards. See +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ramsay</b> [răm´zĭ], <b>Allan.</b> 1685–1758. Scotch poet. Author of the +pastoral poem The Gentle Shepherd. <i>See edition 1800, with Life; also +Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ramsay, Edward Bannerman.</b> 1793–1872. Author of the famous Reminiscences +of Scottish Life and Character, Sermons, Pulpit Table-Talk, etc. <i>See +23d edition of the Reminiscences, 1874, and Memorials and Recollections, +by C. Rogers.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Randolph, Thos.</b> 1605–1634. Poet and dramatist. His works are inferior in +quality. The Jealous Lover is one of his plays. <i>See Works of, edited by +Carew Hazlitt, 1875, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rankine, Wm. John Macquorn.</b> 1820–1872. Writer on mechanics. Author +Applied Mechanics, The Steam Engine, Songs and Fables, etc. <i>See Memoir, +by P. G. Tait.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rawlinson, George Henry.</b> 1815 ——. Historian. Author The Five Great +Monarchies of the Eastern World, Manual of Ancient Hist., The Seventh +Great Oriental Monarchy, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Do. Est. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rawlinson, Sir Henry Creswicke.</b> 1810 ——. Archæological writer of note. +Bro. to G. H. R.<span class="pagenum">[114]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ray, John.</b> 1628–1705. Naturalist. Author of the Historia Plantarum, etc. +<i>See Life, by Wm. Derham, 1760.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reach, Angus Bethune.</b> 1821–1856. Novelist and miscellaneous writer. +Author of Leonard Lindsay, The Natural Hist. of Bores and Humbugs, The +Comic Bradshaw, etc. <i>See Chas. Mackay's Recollections.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reade, Charles.</b> 1814 ——. Novelist. A writer of strong genius, whose +style is piquant and aggressive. Put Yourself in his Place, Griffith +Gaunt, The Cloister and the Hearth, and Christie Johnstone are among his +best novels. <i>See Atlantic Monthly, Aug. 1864.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Redding, Cyrus.</b> 1785–1870. Miscellaneous writer. Author of A Wife and +Not a Wife, Remarkable Misers, Past Celebrities, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reeve, Clara.</b> 1725–1803. Novelist. Author Old English Baron, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reeve, Lovell.</b> 1814–1865. Conchologist. Author Conchologia Iconica, +Elements of Conchology, Conchologia Systematica, etc. <i>Pub. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reeves, Mrs. Helen Buckingham</b> [Mathers]. 1852 ——. Novelist. Author of +Cherry Ripe, Comin' thro' the Rye, My Lady Green Sleeves, As He Comes Up +the Stair, Land o' the Leal, Sam's Sweetheart, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reid, Mayne.</b> 1818–1883. Author of tales of adventure for young readers. +<i>Pub. Rou. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reid, Thomas.</b> 1710–1796. Scotch metaphysician. Author Inquiry into the +Human Mind, Essays on the Intellectual Powers, etc. <i>See Hamilton's +edition of Reid, 1846.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reynolds, Frederick.</b> 1765–1841. Dramatist. Author of nearly 100 plays, +of which The Dramatist and Folly as it Flies are the best.<span class="pagenum">[115]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reynolds, George W. M.</b> —— 1879. Novelist. Author Mysteries of London, +Reformed Highwayman, etc. Style sensational, and influence pernicious. +<i>Pub. Di. Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Reynolds, Sir Joshua.</b> 1723–1792. Artist. Author Discourse on Painting. +<i>See Malone's edition of, 1797.</i> <i>See Lives by Malone, Northcote, +Farrington, Cotton, and Leslie, Mrs. Thackeray-Ritchie's Miss Angel, and +Reynolds as a Portrait Painter, by J. E. Collins.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ricardo</b> [re-kar´do], <b>David.</b> 1792–1823. Political economist. Author High +Price of Bullion, Principles of Political Economy and Taxation, etc. +<i>See McCulloch's edition, 1846.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rice, James.</b> 1843–1882. Novelist. Colleague of Walter Besant, and author +with him of Sweet Nelly My Heart's Delight, Golden Butterfly, and other +novels. See Besant, Walter. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Richards, Alfred Bate.</b> 1820–1876. Poet and dramatist. Author of +Cromwell, Vandyck, and other dramas, Medea, and other vols. of poems, +and the novel So Very Human.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Richardson, Chas.</b> 1775–1865. Lexicographer. Author of an Eng. Dict. and +The Study of Language.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Richardson, Samuel.</b> 1689–1761. Novelist. Author Pamela, Clarissa +Harlowe, and Sir Charles Grandison. The slow movement of these stories +does not appeal readily to modern taste, but they display a wonderful +knowledge of the workings of the human heart. Clarissa, the best, is a +fine piece of realism. <i>See Taine's Eng. Lit., Masson's Novelists and +their Styles, and Leslie Stephen's Hours in a Library.</i> <i>Pub. Ho. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Richmond, Leigh.</b> 1772–1827. Moralist. Author The Dairyman's Daughter, +etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Phi. Rou.</i><span class="pagenum">[116]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Riddell, Mrs. Charlotte Eliza Lawson.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author George +Geith, A Life's Assize, The Senior Partner, etc. <i>Pub. Clx. Est. Har. +Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Riddell, Henry Scott.</b> 1798–1870. Scotch poet. <i>See Grant Wilson's Poets +of Scotland.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Riddell, Mrs. J. H.</b> See Riddell, Mrs. Charlotte.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ritchie, Mrs. Anne Isabella.</b> See Thackeray-Ritchie.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ritchie, Leitch.</b> 1801–1865. Miscellaneous writer. Author of Headpieces +and Tailpieces, Wearyfoot Common, Romance of French History, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ritson, Joseph.</b> 1752–1803. Antiquary and critic.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roberts, Margaret.</b> 1833 ——. Novelist. Author Mademoiselle Mori, Denise, +The Atelier du Lys, In the Olden Time, On the Edge of the Storm, Osé, +Tempest tossed, Madame Fontenoy, Summerleigh Manor, etc. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robertson, Frederick Wm.</b> 1816–1853. Religious writer. Author 4 vols. of +sermons, which rank among the finest religious utterances of the age. +<i>See Life, by Stopford Brooke, and Blackwood's Mag., Aug. 1862.</i> <i>Pub. +Dut. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robertson, James Burton.</b> 1800 ——. Historical writer. Author Lect. on +Various Subjects of Ancient and Modern Hist., etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robertson, James Craigie.</b> 1813–1882. Ecclesiastical historian. Author +Hist. of the Christian Church, Biography of Thomas a Becket, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robertson, Thos. Wm.</b> 1829–1871. Dramatist. Author David Garrick, Ours, +Caste, M. P., and other lively and popular plays.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robertson, Wm.</b> 1721–1793. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Scotland, Hist. +Reign of Charles V., Hist. Discovery of America, etc. His style is +picturesque, but his statements are sometimes inaccurate.<span class="pagenum">[117]</span> <i>See +Prescott's Robertson's Charles V. Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robinson, A. Mary F.</b> 185– ——. Poet and littérateur. Author of A +Handful of Honeysuckle, The Crowned Hippolytus, Rural England, and Emily +Brontë, in Famous Women Series, etc. <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robinson, Frederick Wm.</b> 1830 ——. Novelist. Author of A Bridge of Glass, +As Long as she Lived, Poor Zeph, Her Face was her Fortune, Little Kate +Kirby, Second-Cousin Sarah, Stern Necessity, True to Herself, etc. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robinson, Henry Crabb.</b> 1775–1867. He left an entertaining Diary, +published in 1869. <i>Pub. Hou. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Robinson, Mrs. Mary.</b> 1758–1800. Poet and actress. Known to her +contemporaries as "Perdita, the Fair."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rochester, Earl of.</b> See Wilmot, John.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rogers, Charles.</b> 1825 ——. Scotch antiquarian writer. Author of A +Century of Scottish Life, Boswelliana, Scotland: Social and Domestic, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rogers, Henry.</b> 1810–1877. Critic. Author Eclipse of Faith, Reason and +Faith, etc. <i>Pub. Rou. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rogers, Samuel.</b> 1763–1855. Poet. Author Pleasures of Memory, a fine +though labored production, Italy, etc. <i>See Hazlitt's Eng. Poets.</i> <i>Pub. +Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Romilly, Sir Samuel.</b> 1757–1818. Jurist. Author of Speeches, etc. <i>See +Autobiography, 1840.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roscoe, Henry.</b> 1800–1836. Son to W. R. Author Lives of Eminent Lawyers, +etc. <i>Pub. Jo.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roscoe, Thos.</b> 1791–1871. Son to W. R. Translator of important Italian +works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roscoe, Wm.</b> 1753–1831. Historian. Author Lives of Lorenzo de Medici and +Leo X., etc. A careful,<span class="pagenum">[118]</span> painstaking writer, whose works, written in an +easy, flowing style, are standard of their kind. <i>See Life of, by Henry +Roscoe.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roscommon, Earl of.</b> See Dillon, Wentworth.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rose, George.</b> "Arthur Sketchley." 1830–1882. Littérateur. Best known by +his humorous Mrs. Brown sketches. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rose, Henry John.</b> 1801–1873.} Authors of a General} Biographical <b>Rose, +Hugh James.</b> 1795–1838.} Dict., etc. Bro. to preceding.}</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rose, Wm.</b> 1762–1790. Scotch pastoral poet. His Praise of the Highland +Maid is one of his best poems. <i>See Grant Wilson's Poetry of Scotland.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rose, Wm. Stewart.</b> 1775–1843. Poet. Translator of Ariosto.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ross, Alexander.</b> 1699–1784. Scotch poet. Best known by his ballad Woo'd +and Married and a'. <i>See Irving's Scottish Writers.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ross-Church, Mrs. Florence</b> [Marryatt]. 1837 ——. Novelist. Author Her +Lord and Master, The Prey of the Gods, No Intentions, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rossetti</b> [rŏs-sĕt´tee], <b>Christina Georgina.</b> 1830 ——. Poet. Author +of The Pageant, Sonnet of Sonnets, Goblin Market, etc. Style serious and +earnest. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rossetti, Dante Gabriel.</b> 1828–1882. Poet and artist. Bro. to C. G. R. A +writer of the so-called Pre-Raphaelite school, whose verse is passionate +and musical. Sister Helen, The Blessed Damozel, and Rose Mary are his +most striking poems. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets, Swinburne's Essays +and Studies, Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4, 2d edition, Essays Modern, by F. +W. H. Myers, Wm. Sharp's</i><span class="pagenum">[119]</span> <i>Record and Study of Rossetti, Cornhill Mag. +Feb. 1883, Contemporary Rev. Feb. 1883, Harper's Mag. Nov. 1882, and +English Illus. Mag. Oct. 1883.</i> <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rossetti, Maria Francesca.</b> 1827–1875. Commentator on Dante. Sister to +two preceding. Author The Shadow of Dante, etc. <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rossetti, Wm. Michael.</b> 1829 ——. Biographer and critic. Author Fine Art, +etc. Bro. to three preceding. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rowe</b> [rō], <b>Nicholas.</b> 1673–1718. Dramatist and Shakespearean editor. +Author Jane Shore, Fair Penitent, etc. His dramas are melancholy, but +never licentious, like those of his contemporaries.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rowley, Wm.</b> fl. c. 1625. Dramatist. Colleague of Dekker and Ford in the +Witch of Edmonton, and of Massinger and Middleton in the Old Law.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roy, William.</b> fl. c. 1525. Poet. Author of a singular satire upon Wolsey +and the clergy, entitled Read me and be not Wroth, for I say Nothing but +Troth.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Roydon, Matthew.</b> fl. c. 1585. Poet. Author of the beautiful Lament for +Astrophel, an elegy upon Sir Philip Sidney.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ruskin, John.</b> 1819 ——. Art critic. Author Modern Painters, Stones of +Venice, Seven Lamps of Architecture, Sesame and Lilies, Fors Clavigera, +etc. Style original, masterly, and of rare beauty. Its chief defect is a +vein of petulance and intolerance, which is strongest in his latest +books. <i>Pub. Wil.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, John, Earl.</b> 1792–1878. Statesman. Author Causes of the French +Revolution, Life and Times of Chas. James Fox, Establishment of the +Turks in Europe, etc. <i>Pub. Rob.</i><span class="pagenum">[120]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, John Scott.</b> 1808 ——. Engineer. Author Modern System of Naval +Architecture, a work of great practical value. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, Michael.</b> 1781–1848. Bp. Glasgow. Scotch historian.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, Lady Rachel.</b> 1636–1723. Her Letters are of much literary and +historical value. <i>See Earl Russell's edition, 1854.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, Wm.</b> 1741–1793. Scotch historian. Author Hist. Modern Europe, +etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, Wm. Clark.</b> 1844 ——. Marine novelist. Author Wreck of the +Grosvenor, A Sailor's Sweetheart, An Ocean Free Lance, Jack's Courtship, +Little Loo, etc. Style original and spirited. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Russell, Wm. Howard.</b> 1821 ——. Journalist. Author Hist. of the Crimean +War, Diary North and South, Diary in India, Hesperothen, etc. <i>Pub. Har. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ryle, John Charles.</b> 1816 ——. Bp. Liverpool. A popular religious writer. +Author Expository Thoughts on the Gospels, etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Phi. Ran.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Rymer, Thos.</b> 1638–1714. Antiquary and critic. Author of Edgar, a play, +The Tragedies of the Last Age Considered, etc., and compiler of Rymer's +Fœdera, a collection of treatises, etc.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="S" id="S"></a> +<b>Sackville, Chas., Earl of Dorset.</b> 1637–1705. Poet Author of the bright, +lively song To all you Ladies now on Land. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. +2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sackville, Thos., Earl of Dorset and Lord Buckhurst.</b> 1536–1608. Poet. +Author of the Induction and one tale of the Mirror for Magistrates, and, +with Thos. Norton, of the tragedy of Gorboduc. <i>See edition 1820.</i><span class="pagenum">[121]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sadler, Michael Thos.</b> 1780–1830. Author of The Law of Population, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sainsbury, Wm. Noel.</b> 1825 ——. Editor of Colonial Calendar of State +Papers, America and West Indies, 1574–1668, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>St. John, Bayle.</b> 1822–1859. Miscellaneous writer. Son to J. A. St. John. +Author Village Life in Egypt, Memoirs of St. Simon, The Turks in Europe, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>St. John, Henry, Viscount Bolingbroke.</b> 1678–1751. Political essayist. +His Letter to Sir Wm. Windham [a vol. of 300 pages] is his chief work.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>St. John, Horace Roscoe.</b> 1832 ——. Son to J. A. St. John. Author The +Indian Archipelago, Hist. British Conquests in India, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>St. John, James Augustus.</b> 1801–1875. Miscellaneous writer. Author of The +Anatomy of Society, The Nemesis of Power, Manners and Customs of Ancient +Greece.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>St. John, Percy Bolingbroke.</b> 1821 ——. Writer of tales of adventure. Son +to J. A. St. John. Author The Arctic Crusoe, The Creole Bride, The Red +Queen, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>St. John, Spenser.</b> 1826 ——. Son to J. A. St. John. Author Life in the +Forests of the Far West, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Saintsbury, Geo. Warner.</b> 1845 ——. Littérateur. Author Dryden, in Eng. +Men of Letters, Primer of French Lit., etc. <i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sala, George Augustus.</b> 1828 ——. Novelist, essayist, and journalist. +Author Quite Alone, Twice Round the Clock, Paris Herself Again, etc. +<i>Pub. Fu. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sale, George.</b> 1680–1736. Orientalist. Translator of the Koran. <i>Pub. +Lip.</i><span class="pagenum">[122]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sanderson, Robert.</b> 1587–1663. Bp. Salisbury. Theological writer of great +learning. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sandys, George.</b> 1577–1644. Poet and traveler. Translator of Ovid. <i>See +Tyler's Am. Lit. vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sartoris, Mrs. Adelaide</b> [Kemble]. 1816–1879. Author of A Week in a +French Country House, a work of great freshness and beauty, and of +Medusa and Other Tales.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Savage, Marmion.</b> —— 1872. Irish novelist. Author of The Bachelor of the +Albany, The Woman of Business, Reuben Medlicott, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Savage, Richard.</b> 1698–1743. Poet. A writer of languid verse, and held in +remembrance mainly by Johnson's Biography of him.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Saville, George, Marquess of Halifax.</b> 1630–1695. Political writer. The +literary merit of his treatises is considerable.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Saville, Sir Henry.</b> 1549–1622. Antiquarian. Editor of a noted edition of +Chrysostom, 1613.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sawyer, Wm.</b> 1828 ——. Poet. Author of A Year of Song, The Legend of +Phillis, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sayce, Archibald Henry.</b> 1846 ——. Philologist. Author of An Assyrian +Grammar, Principles of Comparative Philology, Introduction to the +Science of Language, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Schreiber, Lady Charlotte Elizabeth.</b> c. 1814-c. 1879. Welsh writer. +Translator of The Mabinogion.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scot, Sir Alexander.</b> fl. c. 1562. Scotch poet. His verse is amatory in +tone. <i>See edition by David Laing, 1821.</i> <i>See Grant Wilson's Poets of +Scotland.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, John.</b> 1730–1783. Scotch poet. His productions are flavorless and +poor.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, Michael.</b> 1789–1835. Novelist. Author Tom Cringle's Log, etc.<span class="pagenum">[123]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, Sir Michael.</b> fl. c. 1250. Scotch philosopher.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, Robert</b>. 1811 ——. Classical scholar. One of the editors of +Liddell and Scott's Greek Lexicon.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, Thomas.</b> 1747–1821. Commentator. Author Bible Commentary, etc. +<i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, Sir Walter.</b> 1771–1832. Scotch novelist and poet. Author of a long +series of romances, beginning with Waverley, in 1814, and ending with +Anne of Geierstein, in 1829. S. first made the novel a really great +power in life as well as in literature. The flow of his narrative is +always animated and infused with a kindly spirit. Guy Mannering, +Ivanhoe, Old Mortality, and Quentin Durward are among the best of his +novels. The Lady of the Lake, Marmion, and Lay of the Last Minstrel are +fine narrative poems, filled with vivid descriptions of Scotch scenery. +<i>See Taine's Eng. Lit., Masson's Novelists and Their Styles, and +Hutton's Scott, in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>See also The Waverley Dict., +by May Rogers.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scott, Wm. Bell.</b> 1811 ——. Poet and art writer. Author The Year of the +World, Life of Albert Dürer, etc. <i>See Grant Wilson's Poets of +Scotland.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Scrivener, Frederick Henry.</b> 1813 ——. Biblical scholar. Author of a +Plain Introduction to the Criticism of the New Testament, and editor of +a Greek Testament, The Cambridge Paragraph Bible, etc. <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sedley, Sir Chas.</b> 1639–1701. Lyric and dramatic poet. S. wrote the +comedy of The Mulberry Garden. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Seeley, John Robert.</b> 1834 ——. Author Ecce Homo, Lect. and Essays, Roman +Imperialism, etc. Style clear and strong. <i>See Myers's Essays, Modern.</i> +<i>Pub. Mac. Rob.</i><span class="pagenum">[124]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Selden, John.</b> 1584–1654. Antiquarian. Author Titles of Honor, Hist. of +Titles, etc. A man of wide learning, whose Table-Talk is his best known +work. <i>See Lives, by Wilkins, 1726, Aiken, 1773, and Johnson, 1835.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Selwyn, Geo. Augustus.</b> 1809–1878. Bp. Lichfield. Author Tribal Analysis +of the Bible, Are Cathedral Institutions Useless? etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Senior, Nassau Wm.</b> 1790–1864. Political economist. Author Lect. on +Population, Essays on Fiction, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Settle, Elkanah.</b> 1648–1724. Dramatist. A writer of trifling merit but +the rival of Dryden in his time.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Seward, Anna.</b> 1747–1809. Poet. Although called in her day "the Swan of +Lichfield," her verse is weakly sentimental and commonplace.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sewell, Elizabeth Missing.</b> 1815 ——. Poet and novelist. Author Amy +Herbert, Margaret Percival, etc. A writer of excellent stories, which +have a strong High Church flavor. <i>Pub. Apl. Dut. Har. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sewell, Wm.</b> 1805–1874. Religious writer. Bro. to E. M. S. Author of +Christian Morals, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shadwell, Thos.</b> 1640–1692. Dramatist. Author of 17 plays, but chiefly +remembered as the butt of Dryden's satire MacFlecknoe.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shaftesbury, 3d Earl of.</b> See Cooper, Anthony Ashley.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shairp, John Campbell.</b> 1819 ——. Scotch essayist. Author Culture and +Religion, Aspects of Poetry, Studies in Poetry and Philosophy, Poetic +Interpretation of Nature, Burns, in Eng. Men of Letters, etc. <i>Pub. Har. +Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shakespeare, Wm.</b> 1564–1616. The world's greatest dramatist. Author of 37 +plays, in two of which,<span class="pagenum">[125]</span> Henry VIII. and Two Noble Kinsmen, Fletcher is +supposed to have had a hand. The others are King John, Richard II., +Richard III., the two parts of Henry IV., Henry V., the three parts of +Henry VI., all historical plays; the tragedies, Hamlet, Macbeth, +Othello, Lear, Antony and Cleopatra, Timon of Athens, Coriolanus, Julius +Cæsar, Romeo and Juliet, and Troilus and Cressida; and the comedies, or +tragi-comedies, Midsummer Night's Dream, Comedy of Errors, Love's +Labor's Lost, Taming of the Shrew, Two Gentlemen of Verona, Merchant of +Venice, All's Well that Ends Well, Much Ado About Nothing, As You Like +It, Merry Wives of Windsor, Measure for Measure, Winter's Tale, Tempest, +Twelfth Night, Pericles, and Cymbeline. S. was also the author of the +poems Lucrece, Venus and Adonis, and 154 Sonnets. No writings, save the +Scriptures, have ever moved the world like those of Shakespeare, which +appeal to every emotion in the mind of man. He has no equals; there are +none with whom he may be compared. <i>Among the best complete Am. editions +are White's Riverside</i>, <i>pub. Hou.</i>; <i>Rolfe's</i>, <i>pub. Har.</i>; <i>and +Hudson's</i>, <i>pub. Gi.</i> <i>See also Furness's Variorum Macbeth, Lear, +Hamlet, and Romeo and Juliet</i>, <i>pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sharpe, Samuel.</b> 1800 ——. Historian. Author Hist. Egypt, Hist. Hebrew +Nation and Lit., Texts from the Bible Explained by Ancient Monuments, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sheffield, John, Duke of Buckingham.</b> 1649–1720. Author Essay on Poetry, +a poem in heroic measure, polished and prosaic.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sheil</b> [sheel], <b>Richard Lalor.</b> 1791–1851. Irish dramatist. Author Evadne, +The Apostate, Sketches of the Irish Bar, etc. <i>See Biographies, by +McNevin, 1845, and McCulloch, 1855.</i> <i>Pub. Arm.</i><span class="pagenum">[126]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shelley, Mrs. Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin.</b> 1797–1851. Novelist. Wife to +P. B. S. Author Frankenstein, a repulsive but powerful romance, +Valperga, Perkin Warbeck, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shelley, Percy Bysshe</b> [bĭsh]. 1792–1822. Poet. An imaginative genius +of the highest order. Author of Queen Mab, Prometheus Unbound, Alastor, +The Cenci, etc. Some of his best work is seen in the Adonais, an elegy +upon Keats, and the Ode to a Skylark, while all his poems possess an +ethereal beauty quite unlike anything else in literature. <i>See Atlantic +Monthly, Feb. 1863, Macmillan's Mag. June, 1861, Shelley and his +Writings, by C. S. Middleton, Symonds' Shelley, in Eng. Men. of Letters, +and Swinburne's Essays and Studies.</i> <i>Pub. Lit. Mac. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shenstone, Wm.</b> 1714–1763. Pastoral poet. Author of The Schoolmistress, a +poem in Spenserian stanza, and of pastoral ballads. <i>See Gilfillan's +edition of, Edinburgh, 1854.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sheridan, Mrs. Frances.</b> 1724–1766. Novelist and dramatist. Wife to T. S.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sheridan, Richard Brinsley.</b> 1751–1816. Irish dramatist. Son to F. S. and +T. S. A sparkling, witty writer. Author of The Duenna, an opera, The +Critic, a farce, and The Rivals and School for Scandal, two of the best +comedies in the Eng. language. <i>See Works, edited by J. B. Browne, 1873, +and F. Stainforth, 1874; also edition of 1883, with Introduction, by R. +G. White.</i> <i>See Life of, by Moore, Atlantic Monthly, Oct. 1883, and +Sheridan, by Mrs. Oliphant, in Eng. Men. of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Do. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sheridan, Thomas.</b> 1721–1788. Irish lexicographer. Author Dict. Eng. +Lang., etc.<span class="pagenum">[127]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sherlock, Wm.</b> 1678–1761. Bp. London. Theologian of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sherwood, Mrs. Mary Martha.</b> 1775–1851. Writer of an immense number of +religious tales, once very popular. Little Henry and his Bearer is one +of the best known. <i>See Life, 1874.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Har. Wh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shirley, James.</b> 1594–1666. Dramatist. The latest of the Shakespearean +dramatists. Better known than any of his 40 plays is the noble poem +Death's Final Conquest. <i>See Dyce's Life of, 1833, and Ward's Eng. +Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Shorthouse, Joseph Henry.</b> 1834 ——. Novelist. Author of John Inglesant +and Little Schoolmaster Mark. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sidgewick, Henry.</b> 1838 ——. Political economist. Author of The +Principles of Political Economy, The Methods of Ethics, Ethics in Encyc. +Britan., etc. A precise and impartial thinker. <i>Pub. Mac. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sidney, Algernon.</b> 1622–1683. Political writer. Author Discourses on +Government, etc. <i>See Life, by Meadley, 1813.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sidney</b> or <b>Sydney, Sir Philip.</b> 1554–1586. Poet and prose writer. Author +of Sonnets, the prose romance Arcadia, and The Apologie for Poetrie, +with which latter work literary criticism may be said to begin. <i>See +Grosart's complete edition, 1877.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1, +Masson's Eng. Novelists, and Life, by Fox-Bourne, 1862.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Simcox, Geo. Augustus.</b> 1841 ——. Poet and littérateur. Author Prometheus +Unbound, a tragedy, Poems and Romances, and a Hist. of Latin Lit. <i>Pub. +Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Simpson, Sir James Young.</b> 1811–1870. Scotch medical writer of note. +<i>Pub. Apl. Lip.</i><span class="pagenum">[128]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Simpson, Thomas.</b> 1710–1761. Mathematician. Author of a long series of +mathematical works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Simson, Robert.</b> 1687–1768. Scotch mathematician. Author of a noted +translation of Euclid.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sinclair, Mrs. Catherine.</b> 1800–1864. Scotch novelist. Author of +Beatrice, Modern Society, Jane Bouverie, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Singer, Samuel Weller.</b> 1783–1868. Shakespearean scholar. His edition of +Shakespeare appeared in 1826.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Skeat</b> [skeet], <b>Walter Wm.</b> 1835 ——. Philologist. Editor of numerous +Early Eng. and Anglo-Saxon works, and author of an Etymological Dict. of +the Eng. Language. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Skelton, John.</b> c. 1460–1529. Poet. Author Why Come Ye Not to Court? a +fierce satire upon Wolsey, Colin Clout, and the Boke of Phyllype +Sparowe. His verse is rugged and harsh, but very powerful. <i>See Dyce's +edition, 1843, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Skene, Wm. Forbes.</b> 1809 ——. Antiquarian. Author The Highlanders of +Scotland, Chronicles of the Picts and Scots, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sketchley, Arthur.</b> See Rose, Geo.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Skinner, John.</b> 1721–1807. Scotch poet. Tullochgorum is his most noted +poem. <i>See Poems of, with Memoir, 1859.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smart, Benj. Humphrey.</b> c. 1785–1872. Lexicographer. The chief of his +numerous works is a Pronouncing Dict., which first appeared in 1836.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smart, Christopher.</b> 1722–1770. Poet. Author of a noted satire called The +Hilliad and the famous Song to David. <i>See edition 1791.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smart, Hawley.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author Breezie Langton, Bound to Win, +etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i><span class="pagenum">[129]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smedley, Edward.</b> 1789–1836. Historian. Author Religio Clerici, Hist. +Reformed Religion in France, Hist. France, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smedley, Francis Edward.</b> 1819–1865. Novelist. Author Frank Fairleigh, +Harry Coverdale's Courtship, etc. <i>Pub. Pet. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smedley, Menella Bute.</b> c. 1825-c. 1875. Poet. Sister to F. E. S. Author +of Nina, Twice Lost, and other prose tales. One of the finest of her +poems is The Little Fair Soul. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smee, Alfred.</b> 1819 ——. Scientific writer of note. <i>Pub. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smiles, Samuel.</b> 1819 ——. Scotch writer. Author Self Help, Thrift, Life +of a Scotch Naturalist, Life of Geo. Stephenson, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Lip. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Adam.</b> 1723–1790. Political economist. Author of The Wealth of +Nations, the theory of which is that labor is the source of wealth. <i>See +Lives by Brougham, Playfair, and Smellie.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Albert Richard.</b> 1816–1860. Novelist. Author Christopher Tadpole, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Alexander.</b> 1830–1867. Scotch poet and essayist. Author Edwin of +Deira, Life Drama, City Poems, etc. His verse achieved a sudden but +brief popularity. It is brilliant, but uneven. His prose, of which A +Summer in Skye is the best example, is excellent. <i>See Life, by +Alexander, 1868, and Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Mrs. Charlotte.</b> 1749–1806. Poet and novelist. Elegiac Sonnets are +her principal poems, and The Old Manor House is her best novel.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, George.</b> c. 1825–1876. Orientalist. Author of The Chaldean Account +of Genesis, Assyrian Discoveries, Records of the Past, etc. <i>Pub. Scr.</i><span class="pagenum">[130]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Goldwin.</b> 1823 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Author Lect. and Essays, +The Study of Hist., Three Eng. Statesmen, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Horace.</b> 1779–1849. Poet and novelist. Author of the noted poem +Address to a Mummy, of five of the Rejected Addresses published by +Horace and James Smith, and of several novels,—The Moneyed Man, +Brambletye House, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Ho. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Isaac Gregory.</b> 1826 ——. Religious writer. Author Characteristics +of Christian Morality, etc. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, James.</b> 1775–1839. Poet and critic. Bro. to H. S. Author of five +of the travesties in Rejected Addresses, viz., those on Wordsworth, +Cobbett, Southey, Coleridge, and Crabbe. <i>See Memoirs of, by Horace +Smith, 1840.</i> <i>Pub. Ho. Put.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, James.</b> 1824 ——. Scotch poet and novelist.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, John Pye.</b> 1775–1851. Theologian. Author Letters to Belsham, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Robert Payne.</b> 1818 ——. Religious writer. Author Bampton Lect., +1869, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Sarah</b>, "Hesba Stretton." 18— ——. Novelist. Author Bede's +Charity, Through A Needle's Eye, and other excellent novels. <i>Pub. Do. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Sydney.</b> 1771–1845. Essayist and humorist. Author of the Plymley +Letters, etc. A perfect master of an intensely amusing and sarcastic +style of reasoning. <i>See Duyckinck's Wit and Wisdom of Sydney Smith.</i> +<i>Pub. Apl. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Thos. Southwood.</b> 1788–1861. Medical writer of note. Author +Philosophy of Health, The use of the Dead to the Living, etc. <i>Pub. Clx. +Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Wm.</b> 1769–1839. Geological writer of eminence. <i>See Life, by +Phillips, 1844.</i><span class="pagenum">[131]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Wm.</b> 1813 ——. Classical lexicographer. Author Dict. Greek and +Roman Antiquities, Dict. of the Bible, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Est. Har. Hou. +Lit. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smith, Wm. Robertson.</b> 1847 ——. Scotch theologian of note. Author of The +Old Testament in the Jewish Church, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smollett, Tobias George.</b> 1721–1771. Author of Roderick Random; Peregrine +Pickle, Count Fathom, Humphrey Clinker, etc., novels whose coarseness is +scarcely atoned for by their wit and vivacity. <i>See Complete Works, +1872.</i> <i>See Thackeray's Eng. Humorists and Masson's Novelists and Their +Styles.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smyth, Chas. Piazzi.</b> c. 1820 ——. Egyptologist. Son to W. H. S. Author +Our Inheritance in the Gt. Pyramid, Life and Work at the Gt. Pyramid, +etc. An ingenious but somewhat fanciful thinker. <i>Pub. Est. Rou. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smyth, Wm. Henry.</b> 1788–1865. Hydrographer. Author of a noted work on the +physical geography of the Mediterranean. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Smythe, Geo. Sydney, Viscount Strangford.</b> 1818–1857. Novelist. Author of +Historic Fancies and Angela Pisani.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Somers, Lord John.</b> 1651–1716. Jurist. Author of the noted "Somers +Tracts." <i>See Walter Scott's edition, 13 vols. 4to, 1815.</i> <i>See +Campbell's Lives of the Chancellors.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Somerville, Mrs. Mary.</b> 1780–1872. Scotch astronomer. Author Mechanism of +the Heavens, Connection of the Physical Sciences, Physical Geography, +etc. <i>See Personal Recollections, by Mrs. Somerville, 1873.</i> <i>Pub. Har. +Rob. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Somerville, Wm.</b> 1682–1742. Poet. Author of The Chase, etc. <i>See Ward's +Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i><span class="pagenum">[132]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sotheby</b> [sŭth´ȏ-bĭ], <b>Wm.</b> 1757–1833. A fine translation of +Wieland's Oberon is his best known work.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>South, Robert.</b> 1633–1716. A witty theologian, whose Sermons possess +vitality and are still read. <i>Pub. Dut. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Southern</b> [sŭth´ern], <b>Thos.</b> 1660–1746. Irish dramatist. Author +Oroonoko, The Fatal Dowry, etc. His plays were once very popular and +show great power.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Southey</b> [sowth´ĭ], <b>Mrs. Caroline Anne</b> [Bowles]. 1787–1854. Poet. Wife +to R. S. Author of The Young Gray Head, The Pauper's Death Bed, etc. +Style harmonious and pathetic. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Southey, Robert.</b> 1774–1843. Poet and essayist. Author of Thalaba, Curse +of Kehama, Roderick, Madoc, etc. As a whole his verse is a good deal +like prose, but prose of an excellent quality. The Doctor is one of his +most noted prose works. <i>See Life, by C. T. Browne, and Dowden's +Southey, in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Har. Hou. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Southwell, Robert.</b> 1560–1595. Poet. Content and Rich and Times go by +Turns are among his best poems. His verse has much quiet beauty. <i>See +MacDonald's England's Antiphon and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Spedding, James.</b> 1808–1881. Baconian scholar. Editor Lord Bacon's works, +author Life and Letters of Bacon, Reviews and Discussions, Evenings with +a Reviewer, etc. <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Speed, John.</b> 1552–1629. Antiquary. Hist. Great Britain, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Spelman, Sir Henry.</b> 1562–1641. Antiquary. Author Hist. Eng. Councils, +Glossarium Archæologicum, etc.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[133]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Spencer, Herbert.</b> 1820 ——. Philosopher. Author Social Statics, +Principles of Psychology, Study of Sociology, Education, Descriptive +Sociology, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Spencer, Wm. Robert.</b> 1770–1834. Poet. Beth-Gélert is his best known +poem.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Spenser, Edmund.</b> 1552–1599. Poet. Shepherd's Calendar, Mother Hubbard's +Tale, Amoretti, Epithalamion, and Prothalamion are the best of his minor +poems. The Faerie Queene, an allegory in 6 books, is his greatest work, +the interest of which lies not in the poem as a narration, but in its +symbolic representation of the soul at war with evil. <i>See Todd's +Variorum edition, and editions by Payne Collier, 1862, and Morris, +1869.</i> <i>See Craik's Spenser and his Poetry, Morley's Library Eng. Lit., +and Church's Spenser, in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Spottswood</b> or <b>Spottiswoode, John</b>. 1565–1639. Abp. St. Andrew's. +Ecclesiastical historian. Author Hist. Church of Scotland, etc. <i>See +Russell's edition, 1851.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sprat, Thos.</b> 1636–1713. Bp. Rochester. Theologian. Author Hist. Royal +Society, Life of Cowley, Poems, Sermons, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Spurgeon, Chas. Haddon.</b> 1834 ——. Author several vols. of Sermons, John +Ploughman's Talks, etc. <i>Pub. Ca. Scr. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stanhope, Philip Dormer, Earl of Chesterfield.</b> 1694–1773. Author of the +celebrated Letters to his Son, Philip Stanhope, the morality of which +has been much debated. Style polished and able.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stanhope, Philip Henry, Lord Mahon.</b> 1805–1875. Author Hist. of England, +Hist. War of the Spanish Succession, etc. <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn.</b> 1815–1881. Theologian. Author Lect. on the +Jewish Church, Lect. on the<span class="pagenum">[134]</span> Eastern Church, Christian Institutions, +Life of Dr. Arnold, etc. A writer of much vigor and strength, whose wide +sympathies are clearly shown in his works. <i>See Century Mag. Jan. 1883, +and Myers's Essays Modern.</i> <i>Pub. Arm. Dut. Har. Mac. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stanley, Thomas.</b> 1625–1678. Poet. Beside a vol. of quaint verse S. wrote +a Hist. of Philosophy.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Staunton</b> [stän´tȏn], <b>Howard.</b> 1810–1874. Shakespearean scholar. His +library edition of Shakespeare appeared in 1863. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Steele, Sir Richard.</b> 1671–1729. Essayist. S. began the periodical Essay +by The Tatler in 1709, and wrote afterwards with Addison in The +Spectator and The Guardian. Author also of The Christian Hero. <i>See +Thackeray's Eng. Humorists.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Steevens, George.</b> 1736–1800. Shakespearean scholar. S. edited with Dr. +Johnson the edition of 1773, and with Isaac Reed those of 1785 and 1793.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stephen, Sir James.</b> 1789–1859. Historian and essayist. Author Essays in +Eccl. Biography, Lect. on Hist. of France, etc. <i>See Life, by his son, +1860.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stephen, Sir James Fitzjames.</b> 1829 ——. Jurist. Son to preceding. Author +General View of the Criminal Law of England, Essays by a Barrister, etc. +<i>Pub. Mac. Th.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stephen, Leslie.</b> 1832 ——. Littérateur. Neph. to Sir J. S. Author of a +brilliant Hist. Eng., Thought in the Eighteenth Cent., Science of +Ethics, Hours in a Library, and Pope, Johnson, and Swift, in Eng. Men of +Letters. <i>Pub. Har. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stephenson, Mrs. Eliza</b> [Tabor]. 1835 ——. Novelist. Author St. Olave's, +Jeanie's Quiet Life, The Blue Ribbon, Meta's Faith, The Senior Songman, +etc. St. Olave's, her best work, has been very popular. <i>Pub. Har.</i><span class="pagenum">[135]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sterling, John.</b> 1806–1844. Poet and critic. <i>See Lives, by Hare, 1848, +T. Carlyle, 1851; also, Caroline Fox's Memories of Old Friends.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sterne, Lawrence.</b> 1713–1768. Humorist. Author of Tristram Shandy and The +Sentimental Journey, two rambling, fantastic books, with a slender +thread of story in each. The quaintness is affected, and the humor +sometimes obscure, but the character drawing is inimitable. <i>See Life, +by Fitzgerald, Taine's Eng. Lit., Masson's Eng. Novelists and Their +Styles, and H. D. Traill's Sterne, in Eng. Men of Letters.</i> <i>Pub. Clx. +Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sternhold, Thos.</b> c. 1500–1549. Associate with Hopkins in a metrical +version of the Psalms.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stevenson, John Hall.</b> 1718–1785. Poet. Author Crazy Hall Tales, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stevenson, Robert Louis.</b> 18— ——. Author of Travels with a Donkey in +the Cévennes, An Inland Voyage, The New Arabian Nights, etc. <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stewart, Dugald.</b> 1753–1828. Scotch metaphysician. Author Philosophical +Essays, Philosophy of the Active and Moral Powers, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Still, John.</b> 1543–1607. Bp. Bath and Wells. To him has been doubtfully +attributed the comedy Gammer Gurton's Needle, one of the very earliest +English plays. <i>See Dodsley's Old Plays.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stillingfleet, Edward.</b> 1635–1699. Bp. Worcester. Controversial writer of +note. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stirling, Earl of.</b> See Alexander, Wm.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stirling, Sir Wm. Maxwell.</b> See Maxwell Stirling.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stormonth, James.</b> 1825–1882. Scotch lexicographer. Author Dict. of +Scientific Terms, Etymological Dict., etc.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[136]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Stoughton, John.</b> 18— ——. Religious historian. Author Hist. of +Religion in England from the Opening of the Long Parliament to the End +of the Eighteenth Cent., and Introduction to Historical Theology. <i>Pub. +Arm. Phi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stow, John.</b> 1525–1605. Chronicler.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Strangford, Viscount.</b> See Smythe, G. S.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Street, Geo. Edmund.</b> 1824–1881. Gothic architect. Author The Brick and +Marble in the Middle Ages, Gothic Architecture in Spain, etc. <i>See The +Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stretton, Hesba.</b> See Smith, Sarah.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Strickland, Agnes.</b> 1796–1874. Historical writer. Author Lives of the +Queens of England, Lives of the Queens of Scotland, Lives of the Seven +Bishops, etc. <i>Pub. Har. La. Lip. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Strutt, Joseph.</b> 1742–1802. Antiquarian. Author Sports and Pastimes of +the People of England, Biographical Hist. of Engravers, etc. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Strype, John.</b> 1643–1737. Historian. Author Annals of the Reformation, +Life of Cranmer, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stuart, Gilbert.</b> 1742–1786. Historian. Author View of Society in Europe, +Hist. of Scotland, etc. An accurate but prejudiced writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stubbs, Wm.</b> 1825 ——. Historian. Author of The Constitutional Hist. of +England, The Early Plantagenets, etc. <i>Pub. Est. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Stukely, Wm.</b> 1687–1765. Antiquarian writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Suckling, Sir John.</b> 1609–1641. Of his gay, airy verse, the Ballad upon a +Wedding is most widely known. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sugden, Edward B., Baron St. Leonards.</b> 1781–1875. Jurist of high rank. +Author Handy Book on Property Law, etc. <i>Pub. Jo.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sumner, John Bird.</b> 1780–1862. Abp. Canterbury. Religious writer. Author +Practical Reflections, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Surrey, Earl of.</b> See Howard, Henry.<span class="pagenum">[137]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Swain, Charles.</b> 1803–1874. Poet. His verse is pleasing, but has little +strength. <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Swift, Jonathan.</b> 1667–1745. Irish satirist. Author Battle of the Books, +Tale of a Tub, Drapier's Letters, Gulliver's Travels, etc. Style coarse, +bitterly savage and personal, but of great vigor, keenness, and force. +<i>See Lives, by T. Sheridan and Forster; also, Taine's Eng. Lit., +Thackeray's Eng. Humorists, Leslie Stephen's Swift, in Eng. Men of +Letters, and Masson's Novelists.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Swinburne, Algernon Charles.</b> 1837 ——. Poet and critic. Author of +Atalanta in Calydon, Song of Italy, Chastelard, Mary Stuart, Bothwell, +Tristram, etc. Tristram is the finest of his long poems, and A Child's +Song in Winter one of the best of the minor ones. His verse shows +wonderful melody and perfect mastery of metre even when most obscure, +and abounds in vivid and exquisite descriptions. <i>See Stedman's +Victorian Poets and Lowell's My Study Windows.</i> <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sylvester, Joshua.</b> 1563–1618. Poet. Translator of the French poet Du +Bartas, and known in his day as Silver-Tongued Sylvester.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Symonds, John Addington.</b> 1840 ——. Poet and critic. Author Hist. of the +Renaissance in Italy, Studies of the Greek Poets, Sketches and Studies +in Southern Europe, Italian Byways, etc., and two vols. of poems, +entitled New and Old and Many Moods. <i>Pub. Har. Ho. Os.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"><a name="T" id="T"></a> +<b>Tabor, Eliza.</b> See Stephenson, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tait, Archibald Campbell.</b> 1811–1882. Abp. Canterbury. Theologian. Author +Dangers and Safeguards of Modern Theology, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Talfourd</b> [tawl´furd], <b>Sir Thomas Noon.</b> 1795–1854.<span class="pagenum">[138]</span> Dramatic poet. Author +of The Athenian Captive, Glencoe, The Castilian, etc., but chiefly known +by his fine tragedy Ion, and Final Memorials of Chas. Lamb.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tannahill, Robert.</b> 1774–1810. Scotch poet. His lyrics possess a +sweetness like those of Burns. Braes of Balquither and The Flower of +Dumblane are familiar examples. <i>See Centenary edition, 1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tate, Nahum.</b> 1652–1715. Associate with Brady in a noted metrical version +of the Psalms, and author of several plays.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tautphoeus, Baroness.</b> 18— ——. Novelist. Author of The Initials, Quits, +Cyrilla, At Odds, etc. <i>Pub. Ho. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Brook.</b> 1685–1731. Mathematician. Author Methods of Increment and +inventor of Taylor's Theorem.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Sir Henry.</b> 1800 ——. Dramatic poet. Author Edwin the Fair, +Philip Van Artavelde, Isaac Comnenus, etc. Philip Van Artavelde, his +finest work, ranks high in modern dramatic poetry. <i>See edition 1863.</i> +<i>See Fortnightly Review, vol. 1, and The Biograph, vol. 2.</i> <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Isaac.</b> 1787–1865. Miscellaneous writer. Author Elements of +Thought, The Spirit of Hebrew Poetry, The World of Mind, etc. <i>Pub. Ca. +Dut. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Jane.</b> 1783–1824. Moral and religious writer. Sister to I. T. +Author with her sister Ann of Hymns for Infant Minds, etc. <i>Pub. Ca. +Har. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Jeremy.</b> 1613–1667. Bp. Down and Connor. Theologian. His best +works are Sermons, The Great Exemplar, and Holy Living and Holy<span class="pagenum">[139]</span> Dying. +His warmth of imagination and poetic fervor render his prose both +musical and eloquent, while his long, involved sentences are managed +with the rarest skill. <i>See Heber's edition, 15 vols., 1820.</i> <i>See Life, +by Wilmott, 1847.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Clx. Dut. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, John.</b> 1580–1654. Poet. Called the Water Poet. A voluminous +writer but one of little interest to modern readers.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Robert.</b> fl. c. 1600. Dramatist. Author of The Hog hath Lost his +Pearl, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Thomas.</b> 1758–1835. Philosophical writer. Known as the Platonist.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Tom.</b> 1817–1880. Dramatist. Of his many excellent plays, The +Ticket-of-Leave Man is the most popular. <i>See Eclectic Mag. Oct. 1880.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Taylor, Wm.</b> 1765–1836. His translations of Goethe, Schiller, and Lessing +promoted greatly the study of German literature in England.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Temple, Frederick.</b> 1821 ——. Bp. Exeter. Theologian of the Broad Church +school. Author Sermons in Rugby School, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Temple, Sir Wm.</b> 1628–1699. Philosophical essayist. <i>The best edition of +his works is 4 vols. 8vo, London, 1814.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tennant, Wm.</b> 1774–1848. Scotch poet. Author of the humorous, mock-heroic +poem, Auster Fair, etc. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tennent, Sir James.</b> See Emerson-Tennent.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tennyson, Alfred.</b> 1809 ——. Poet Laureate. In Memoriam, Idyls of the +King, The Princess, Maud, and Enoch Arden, with the dramas Harold and +Queen Mary, comprise his longest poems. Among the finest of the shorter +ones are Œnone, Ulysses, The Talking Oak, Lotus Eaters, Lady of +Shalott,<span class="pagenum">[140]</span> The Gardener's Daughter, The Revenge, and Locksley Hall, and +of the brief songs, Tears, Idle Tears, and Late, so Late. The poetry of +T., taken as a whole, represents the highest water mark of the +non-dramatic poetry of the English-speaking world. In it is united a +perfect mastery of words and metre with a widely cultured, thoughtful +imagination. <i>See Hutton's Essays, Stedman's Victorian Poets, Buchanan's +Master Spirits, Tavish's Studies in Tennyson, Gatty's Study of In +Memoriam, Genung's Study of In Memoriam, Atlantic Monthly, Sept. 1879.</i> +<i>Pub. Har. Hou. Os.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tennyson-Turner, Chas.</b> 1808?-1881. Poet. Bro. to A. Tennyson. Style +delicate and meditative. His Sonnets have been greatly praised. <i>See +Living Age, Dec. 31, 1881.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tennyson, Frederick.</b> 1806 ——. Poet. Bro. to two preceding. Author Days +and Hours, etc. Style artistic and elegant. The Blackbird is one of his +best poems. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thackeray-Ritchie, Mrs. Anne Isabella.</b> 1842 ——. Dau. to W. M. T. +Novelist. Author of Miss Angel, Old Kensington, Village on the Cliff, +etc. Style quiet, picturesque, and refined. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thackeray, Wm. Makepeace.</b> 1811–1863. Novelist. Author of Vanity Fair, +Newcomes, Pendennis, Virginians, Henry Esmond, Philip, Denis Duval, +Hoggarty Diamond, Barry Lyndon, etc. Of these Esmond must rank highest +as a piece of literary art. His style presents a union of the satirical +and the humorous, the cynical and the kindly, which perplexes some +readers, but is almost always an example of excellent English. The End +of the Play and Bouillebaisse are his two best poems. <i>See</i><span class="pagenum">[141]</span> <i>Hannay's +Studies on Thackeray in Every Saturday, vol. 6, Old Series, Shepard's +Pen Pictures of Modern Authors, Rideing's Stray Moments with Thackeray, +and Taylor's Thackeray the Humorist.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Ho. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Theobald</b> [thee-o-bawld, or tĭb´bald], <b>Lewis.</b> 1688–1744. Dramatist and +Shakespearean editor. His edition of Shakespeare appeared in 1733, and +is of great merit. T. was savagely and unjustly satirized by Pope in the +Dunciad.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thirlwall, Connop.</b> 1797–1875. Bp. St. David's. Historian. Author of a +valuable Hist. of Greece <i>Pub. Har. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thomas, Annie.</b> See Cudlip, Mrs. Pender.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thoms, Wm. John.</b> 1803 ——. Antiquarian writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thomson, James.</b> 1700–1748. Scotch poet. Author of The Seasons, Castle of +Indolence, etc. His style is somewhat heavy, but his feeling for nature +is genuine and his descriptions are fine. <i>See Lives, by Buchan, +Gilfillan, and Bell; also, Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Clx. +Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thomson, James. 1834–1882. Scotch poet. Author of a sombre but</b> striking +poem, The City of Dreadful Night. <i>See To-day, July, 1883, and Ward's +Eng. Poets, vol. 4, 2d edition.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thomson, Mrs. Katharine.</b> 1800–1862. Historical writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thomson, Wm.</b> 1819 ——. Abp. York. Religious writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thornbury, Geo. Walter.</b> 1828–1876. Novelist and poet. Author Life of +Turner, True as Steel, Greatheart, etc. Culloden and The Jester's Sermon +are among his best poems. Style spirited and strong. <i>See Stedman's +Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thornton, Bonnell.</b> 1724–1768. Dramatist and translator.<span class="pagenum">[142]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thornton, Wm. Thomas.</b> 1818 ——. Political economist. Author +Over-Population and its Remedy, Plea for Peasant Proprietors, On Labor, +Old-Fashioned Ethics and Common-Sense Metaphysics, Poems, etc. <i>Pub. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thorold, Anthony Wilson.</b> 18— ——. Bp. Rochester. Religious writer. +Author The Presence of Christ, The Threshold of Private Devotions, etc. +<i>Pub. Ran.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thrale, Mrs.</b> See Piozzi, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Thurlow, Lord Edward Hovell.</b> 1781–1829. Poet. Author Ariadne, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tickell, Richard.</b> —— 1793. Humorist. Author of The Anticipation, an +amusing forecast of the debates in the Parliament of 1778.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tickell, Thomas.</b> 1686–1740. Poet and essayist. Grandfather to R. T. +Author of a fine elegy upon Addison, the ballad of Colin and Lucy, +several papers in the Spectator, etc. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> +<i>Pub Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tighe</b> [tī], <b>Mrs. Mary Blackford.</b> 1773–1810. Irish poet. Subject of +Moore's poem "I saw thy form in youthful prime," and author of Psyche, a +highly imaginative poem in Spenserian stanza.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tillotson, John.</b> 1630–1694. Abp. Cant. His Sermons, still occasionally +read, are sedate and solid in style.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Timbs, John.</b> 1801–1875. Miscellaneous writer. Author Anecdote-Biography, +Curiosities of London, Club Life in London, etc. <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tindal, Matthew.</b> 1657–1733. Religious controversial writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tobin, John.</b> 1770–1804. Dramatist. Author, among other plays, of the +romantic, popular comedy The Honeymoon. <i>See Memoirs, by E. S. Benger, +1820.</i><span class="pagenum">[143]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Todd, Henry John.</b> 1763–1845. Littérateur. Author Life of Cranmer, +Account of the Deans of Canterbury, etc., and editor of Spenser, Milton, +and Johnson's Dict.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tonna, Mrs. Charlotte Elizabeth</b> [Brown]. 1792–1846. Writer of moral and +religious tales. Known as an author by her signature Charlotte +Elizabeth.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tooke, John Horne.</b> See Horne-Tooke.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Toplady, Augustus Montague.</b> 1740–1778. Theologian and hymn writer. +Chiefly known by the famous hymn Rock of Ages. <i>See Works, 1869.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tourneur, Cyril.</b> fl. c. 1600. Dramatist. Author The Atheist's Tragedy, +Revenger's Tragedy, etc. His plays show great power and dramatic skill.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Townley, James.</b> 1715–1788. Dramatist. Author of the witty farce High +Life Below Stairs, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Townshend</b> [townz´end], <b>Chauncey Hare.</b> 1798–1868. Poet and prose writer. +Author Sermons in Sonnets, Facts in Mesmerism, Mesmerism Proved, etc. +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trafford, F. G.</b> See Riddell, Mrs. C. E.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tregelles, Samuel Prideaux.</b> 1813–1875. Biblical scholar of note. Author +The Englishman's Greek Concordance to the New Testament, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trelawney, Edward John.</b> 1792–1881. Novelist. Author Adventures of a +Younger Son, Recollections of the Last Days of Shelley and Byron, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trench, Richard Chenevix.</b> 1807 ——. Abp. Dublin. Poet, philologist, and +theologian. Author Notes on the Miracles, Study of Words, English Past +and Present, Poems, etc. <i>See Myers's Essays Modern.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Arm. +Mac. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trevelyan, George Otto.</b> 1838 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Author Cawnpore, +Life of Macaulay, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i><span class="pagenum">[144]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trimmer, Mrs. Sarah.</b> 1741–1810. Miscellaneous writer. Author Fabulous +Histories, Abridgments of Scripture Hist., Sermons for Family Reading, +etc. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trollope, Anthony.</b> 1815–1882. Novelist. Son to F. M. T. Author of a very +long list of excellent novels, the best of which are, He Knew he was +Right, Barchester Towers, Marion Fay, Doctor Thorne, and Framley +Parsonage. His stories are never dull; the current of the narrative +flows easily and the characters are well sketched, but the English is +sometimes a little careless. <i>See Autobiography; also, Blackwood's Mag. +Feb. 1883, Century Mag. July, 1883, and Princeton Review, July, 1883.</i> +<i>Pub. Har. Lip. Mac. Pet. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trollope, Edward.</b> 1817 ——. Bp. Nottingham. Archæological and +architectural writer of note. Cousin to A. T. and T. A. T.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trollope, Mrs. Frances Eleanor</b> [Tiernan]. 18— ——. Novelist. Wife to T. +A. T. Author of Aunt Margaret's Trouble, Anne Furness, Among Aliens, +Mabel's Progress, The Sacristan's Household, Veronica, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trollope, Mrs. Frances</b> [Milton]. 1778–1863. Novelist. Author Domestic +Manners among the Americans, Widow Barnaby, etc. A voluminous, witty, +but inartistic writer. <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Trollope, Thomas Adolphus.</b> 1810 ——. Novelist and historian. Son to F. +M. T. Author Lindisfarne Chase, Filippo Strozzi, La Beata, Hist. +Florentine Commonwealth, Life Pope Pius IX., The Papal Conclaves, etc. +<i>See "Eng. Authors in Florence," Atlantic Monthly, Dec. 1864.</i> <i>Pub. +Har. Mac. Pet.</i></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum">[145]</span></p><p class="out"><b>Tucker, Abraham.</b> 1705–1774. Metaphysician. Author of The Light of +Nature Pursued, published under the pseudonym Edward Search.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tucker, Charlotte.</b> "A. L. O. E." 1830 ——. Writer of religious juvenile +fiction. <i>Pub. Ca. Nel.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tulloch, John.</b> 1822 ——. Scotch theologian. Author Theism, Leaders of +the Reformation, Christ of the Gospels and Christ of Modern Criticism, +etc. <i>See The Biograph, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Mac. Phi. Rou. Scr.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tupper, Martin Farquhar.</b> 1810 ——. Poet and prose writer. Author of The +Proverbial Philosophy, and other popular but exceedingly commonplace +poems. Some of his prose tales are excellent; of these Crock of Gold is +the best known. <i>Pub. Arm. Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Turberville, George.</b> 1530-c. 1595. Poet. Author Tragical Tales, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Turner, Chas. Tennyson.</b> See Tennyson-Turner.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Turner, Dawson.</b> 1775–1858. Author Nat. Hist. of Sea Weeds, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Turner, Sharon.</b> 1768–1847. Historian. His chief works are Hist. of +England in the Middle Ages, Sacred Hist. of the World, and a valuable +Hist. of the Anglo-Saxons. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tusser, Thomas.</b> 1515–1580. Poet. Author of A Hondreth Good Points of +Husbandrie, expanded by later writers into Five Hundred Points of Good +Husbandrie. <i>See Mavor's edition, 1812.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tylor, Edward Burnett.</b> 1832 ——. Ethnologist. Author of Anahauc, or +Mexico and the Mexicans, Researches into the Early Hist. of Mankind, +Anthropology and Primitive Culture. A writer of thorough scientific +knowledge, possessing an admirable style. <i>Pub. Apl. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tyndale</b> or <b>Tindal, Wm.</b> 1477–1536. Translator<span class="pagenum">[146]</span> of the New Testament, +1525. Tyndale's version was afterwards revised by Coverdale. <i>See +Offor's Life of, 1836.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tyndall, John.</b> 1820 ——. Irish physicist. Author Glaciers of the Alps, +Heat as a Mode of Motion, Lect. on Light, On Radiation, etc. <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tyrwhitt</b> [tĕr´ĭt], <b>Thomas.</b> 1730–1786. Antiquary and Chaucerian +scholar. Editor of the works of Chaucer and Chatterton. A scholar of +singular insight, whose conjectures have nearly all been sustained by +texts of which he knew nothing.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tytler</b> [tīt´lȏr], <b>Alex Fraser, Lord Woodhouselee.</b> 1747–1813. +Scotch historian. Son to Wm. T. Author Elements of Gen. Hist., Essay on +Military Law, etc. <i>Pub Clx. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tytler, C. C. Fraser.</b> Great-niece to P. F. T. See Liddell, Mrs.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tytler, Patrick Fraser.</b> 1791–1849. Scotch historian and biographer. Son +to A. F. T. Author Scottish Worthies, etc., and a standard Hist. of +Scotland. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tytler, Sarah.</b> See Keddie, Henrietta.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Tytler, Wm.</b> 1711–1792. Scotch historical and critical writer.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="U" id="U"></a> +<b>Udall</b> [yoo´dăl], <b>Nicholas.</b> 1506–1556. Dramatist. Author Ralph Roister +Doister, the first Eng. comedy. It is known to have been acted before +1551. <i>See Arber's reprint.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Upcott, Wm.</b> 1779–1845. Bibliographer of note.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Urquhart</b> [ȗrk´ȃrt], <b>David.</b> 1805 ——. Scotch writer. Author Turkey +and its Resources, The Progress of Russia, the Pillars of Hercules, etc. +<i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Usher or Ussher, James.</b> 1580–1656. Abp. Armagh.<span class="pagenum">[147]</span> Chronologist. Author +Chronological Tables of Universal Hist. from the Creation to Vespasian. +The marginal dates in the authorized version of the Bible are from +Usher. <i>See Complete Works, 17 vols., Dublin, 1864.</i> <i>See Life, by +Aikin.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="V" id="V"></a> +<b>Valpy, Abraham John.</b> 1787–1854. Shakespearean editor. His illustrated +Shakespeare, 15 vols., appeared in 1834.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vanbrugh</b> [văn´broo], <b>Sir John.</b> 1666–1726. Dramatist and architect. +Author of a dozen brilliant but coarse comedies, among which The +Relapse, Revoked Wife, The Confederacy, and Journey to London are the +best.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vaughan</b> [vawn or vaw´ȃn], <b>Chas. James.</b> 1816 ——. Theologian. Author +Heroes of Faith, Epistles of St. Paul for Eng. Readers, etc. A leader of +Broad Church thought. <i>Pub. Dut. Mac. Phi. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vaughan, Henry.</b> 1621–1695. Poet. His verse is religious in character, +and is as frequently harsh in sound as quaint in form. Silex Scintillans +is the title of his principal work. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2, +MacDonald's England's Antiphon, and Dr. John Brown's Spare Hours, 1st +Series.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vaughan, Robert.</b> 1795–1868. Miscellaneous writer. Author of +Congregationalism, the Age of Great Cities, Revolutions in English +Hist., etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vaughan, Robert Alfred.</b> 1823–1855. Son to R. V. Author Hours with the +Mystics, etc. <i>See Memoir by his father, 1858.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vaux</b> [vawks], <b>Thomas, Lord.</b> 1510–1557. Poet. Author of the +Grave-digger's song in Hamlet and the meditative poem Thought.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Veitch, John.</b> 1829 ——. Scotch philosophical writer. Author Memoirs of +Dugald Stewart and Sir Wm. Hamilton, etc.<span class="pagenum">[148]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Venn, Henry.</b> 1725–1797. Religious writer. Author Complete Duty of Man, +etc. <i>See Life, by Henry Venn, 1834.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vere, De, Sir Aubrey.</b> See De Vere, Sir Aubrey.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vere, De, Aubrey Thomas.</b> See De Vere, Aubrey.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Vere, De, Edward, Earl of Oxford.</b> See De Vere, Edward.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Villiers, George, Duke of Buckingham.</b> 1627–1688. Dramatist. Author The +Rehearsal and Battle of Sedgemoor.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Viner</b> [vī´nȏr], <b>Chas.</b> 1680–1756. Legal writer. Author Complete +Abridgment of Law and Equity.</p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="W" id="W"></a> +<b>Wace, Maistre Richard.</b> c. 1120–1184. Anglo-Norman poet. Author of the +Brut d'Angleterre and the Roman de Rou: the first poem of 12,000 lines, +the latter of 17,000.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Waddington, George.</b> 1793–1869. Historian. Author Hist. of the Church, +Hist. Reformation on the Continent, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wakefield, Gilbert.</b> 1756–1801. Theological and classical writer. His +annotated edition of Lucretius is one of his chief works.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wakefield, Mrs. Priscilla.</b> 1751–1832. Miscellaneous writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walcott, Mackenzie Edward Chas.</b> 1822 ——. Archæologist. Author Sacred +Archæology. Cathedral Cities of England and Wales, Memorials of +Canterbury, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walford, Edward.</b> 1823 ——. Littérateur. Author Handbook of the Greek +Drama, etc. <i>See The Biograph, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walford, Mrs. Lucy Bethia</b> [Colquhoun]. 1845 ——. Novelist. Author Mr. +Smith, Pauline, Cousins, Troublesome Daughters, Dick Netherby, etc. +<i>Pub. Ho.</i><span class="pagenum">[149]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walker, John.</b> 1732–1807. Lexicographer. His Dict. of the English +Language appeared in 1775.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wallace, Alfred Russel.</b> 1822 ——. Naturalist. Author Travels on the +Amazon, The Malay Archipelago, Geographical Distribution of Animals, +etc. Independently of Darwin, W. originated a theory of natural +selection. <i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wallace, Donald Mackenzie.</b> 1841 ——. Traveler. Author of Russia, etc. +<i>Pub. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Waller, Edmund.</b> 1605–1687. Poet. Go, Lovely Rose, On a Girdle, and Old +Age and Death are some of his best poems. <i>See Bell's edition, 1866.</i> +<i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Waller, John Francis.</b> 1810 ——. Poet and prose writer. Author Poems, The +Slingsby Papers, etc., and editor of the Imperial Dict. of Universal +Biography. <i>Pub. Cas.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wallis, John.</b> 1616–1703. Mathematician. Author numerous works on +algebra, geometry, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walpole</b> [wŏl´pol], <b>Horace.</b> 1717–1797. Miscellaneous writer. Author +Castle of Otranto, a sensational romance, The Mysterious Mother, a +tragedy, Historic Doubts concerning Richard III., etc. A brilliant but +superficial writer. <i>See Memoirs of, 1851; also, Living Age, vol. 13, +"Strawberry Hill."</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walter, John.</b> 1739–1812. Journalist. Founder of the London Times, 1788.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walton, Brian.</b> 1600–1661. Bp. Chester. Editor of the London Polyglott +Bible. <i>See Life, by Todd, 1821.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Walton, Izaak.</b> 1593–1683. Biographer and angler. The Complete Angler, +his chief work, is a book of much quiet beauty. <i>Pub. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warburton, Eliot Bartholomew Geo.</b> 1810–1852. Irish novelist and +miscellaneous writer. Author<span class="pagenum">[150]</span> The Crescent and the Cross, Prince Rupert +and the Cavaliers, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warburton, George.</b> —— 1857. Bro. to E. B. G. W. Author Conquest of +Canada, Hochelaga, etc. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warburton, Wm.</b> 1698–1779. Bp. Gloucester. A learned and brilliant but +arrogant author. He wrote The Divine Legation of Moses, and published an +edition of Shakespeare in 1747. <i>See Life, by Watson, 1863, and +Quarterly Rev. June, 1812.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Ward, Robert Plumer.</b> 1765–1846. Novelist. Author Tremaine, De Vere, De +Clifford, and Chatsworth; metaphysical, philosophical, and political +narratives. <i>See Memoirs, 1850.</i> <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Waring, Anna L.</b> 18— ——. Welsh poet. Author of Hymns and Meditations. +<i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warner, Ferdinando.</b> 1703–1768. Historian. Author Eccl. Hist. England, +Hist. Ireland, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warner, Wm.</b> 1558–1609. Poet. Author of Albion's England, a hist. of +England from the Deluge to Elizabeth, containing 10,000 14-syllable +lines. It is humorous, spirited, and even pathetic in places. <i>See +Craik's Eng. Lit., vol. 1, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warren, John Leicester.</b> 18— ——. Poet. Author Philoctetes, Rehearsals, +Orestes, Searching the Net, etc. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warren, Samuel.</b> 1807–1877. Novelist and physician. Author Diary of a +Physician, and the famous novel Ten Thousand a Year. <i>Pub. Har. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warton, Joseph.</b> 1722–1800. Poet and critic. <i>See Biography, by Wool, +1806.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Warton, Thomas.</b> 1728–1790. Poet and critic.<span class="pagenum">[151]</span> Bro. to J. W. A valuable +Hist. Eng. Poetry is his chief prose work. <i>See Carew Hazlitt's +edition.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Waterton, Charles.</b> 1782–1865. Naturalist. Author Essays on Nat. Hist., +etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Watson, Richard.</b> 1737–1816. Bp. Llandaff. Theologian. Author of +Apologies for Christianity and the Bible, etc. <i>See Autobiography, +1817.</i> <i>Pub Phi.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Watson, Robert.</b> 1730–1780. Scotch historian. Author of a worthless Hist. +of Philip II.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Watson, Thomas.</b> 1560–1592. Poet. His Sonnets have been much praised. +<i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Watts, Alaric Alexander.</b> 1799–1864. Poet. Author Poetical Sketches, +Lyrics of the Heart, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Watts, Mrs. Anna Mary</b> [Howitt]. 1824 ——. Artist and miscellaneous +writer. Author of The Art Student in Munich, Pioneers of Spiritualism, +containing Lives of Dr. Justinius Kerner and Wm. Howitt, written from +the psychological point of view, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Watts, Isaac.</b> 1674–1748. Religious poet. Author Psalms and Hymns, etc. +While some of his verse is hardly more than doggerel, he sometimes rises +to a lofty plane of expression. <i>See Life, by Milner, 1834.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. +Hou. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Waugh</b> [waw], <b>Edwin.</b> 1817 ——. Dialect poet. Author Lancashire Songs, +etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Webster, Mrs. Augusta.</b> 1840 ——. Poet. Author Dramatic Studies, +Portraits, A Woman Sold, translations from Euripides, etc. Her verse is +strong and original in tone. <i>See Stedman's Victorian Poets.</i> <i>Pub. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Webster, John.</b> c. 1582–1638. Dramatist. Author of the tragedies of The +White Devil, Duchess of<span class="pagenum">[152]</span> Malfy, Guise, Devil's Law Case, Appius and +Virginia, etc. W. is the greatest master of the terrible among Eng. +dramatists. <i>See Dyce's edition 1830, and Hazlitt's 1857.</i> <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wesley, Chas.</b> 1708–1788. Hymn writer of note. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, +vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>West, Gilbert.</b> 1705–1756. Theologian and poet. Translator of Pindar and +author of the able treatise Observations on the Resurrection.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Westcott, Brooke Foss</b>. 1825 ——. Theologian. Author Hist. Canon of the +New Testament, Hist. of the Eng. Bible, The Bible and the Church, etc. +<i>Pub. Har. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Westwood, Thos.</b> 1814 ——. Poet. Author Beads from a Rosary, Quest of the +Sancgreal, Berries and Blossoms, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whately</b> [hwāt´lĭ], <b>Richard.</b> 1787–1863. Abp. Dublin. Essayist. +Author New Testament Difficulties, Political Economy, Logic and +Rhetoric, etc. A thinker of logical but unimaginative powers. <i>See Life +and Correspondence, edited by his daughter, 1864, and H. Martineau's +Biographical Sketches.</i> <i>Pub. Ca. Dra. Har. Sh.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whetstone, Geo.</b> fl. c. 1580. Dramatist. From his play Promos and +Cassandra Shakespeare has drawn the story of Measure for Measure.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whewell</b> [hū´e̯l], <b>Wm.</b> 1794–1866. Philosopher. Author Hist. +Inductive Sciences, Plurality of Worlds, Hist. Moral Philosophy in +England, Philosophy of the Inductive Sciences, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whiston, Wm.</b> 1667–1752. Theologian and mathematician. Author of A New +Theory of the Earth, etc., and editor of Josephus. <i>Pub. Por.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whitaker, John.</b> 1735–1808. Historian. Author Hist. of Manchester, Mary, +Queen of Scots, Vindicated, etc.<span class="pagenum">[153]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>White, Gilbert.</b> 1720–1793. Author of the Naturalist's Calendar and the +delightful Nat. Hist. of Selborne. <i>See Buckland's edition, London, +1875.</i> <i>See Fraser's Mag., March, 1879.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Mac. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>White, Henry.</b> 1835 ——. Archæologist and religious writer. Author +Historical Memorials of the Savoy Conferences on Art and History, etc. +<i>See The Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>White, Henry Kirke.</b> 1785–1806. Poet. His verse is mediocre and crude. +<i>See Life, by Southey.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>White, James.</b> 1804–1862. Historical writer. Author Historical Landmarks, +The Eighteen Christian Centuries, Hist. of France, Hist. of England, +etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>White, Joseph Blanco.</b> 1775–1841. Miscellaneous writer. His Sonnet on +Night is widely known and esteemed.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whitehead, Paul.</b> 1710–1774. Poet. Style witty and satirical.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whitehead, Wm.</b> 1715–1785. Poet. Of his seven indifferent dramas the best +are Creusa and The Roman Father. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Whitelocke, Bulstrode.</b> 1605–1676. Historical writer. His Memorials of +Eng. Affairs and other works are of much value.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wicklif, John.</b> 1324–1384. Reformer. Translator of the Bible. <i>See T. +Arnold's Select Eng. Works of 1871.</i> <i>See Biography, by Vaughan, 1853.</i> +<i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilberforce, Robert Isaac.</b> 1802–1857. Theological writer. Son to W. W.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilberforce, Samuel.</b> 1805–1873. Bp. Oxford. Son to W. W. Author Hist. P. +E. Church in America, Sermons, Eucharistica, etc. <i>See Life, 1883.</i> +<i>Pub. Ca. Dut.</i><span class="pagenum">[154]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilberforce, Wm.</b> 1759–1833. Philanthropist. Author Practical View of +Christianity, etc. <i>See Life, by his sons, 5 vols., London, 1838; also, +Life, by John Stoughton.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilde, Oscar.</b> 1856 ——. Irish poet. Charmides and Ave Imperatrix are +among his finest poems. His verse is musical, but frequently erotic. +<i>See The Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i> <i>Pub. Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilkie, Wm.</b> 1721–1772. Scotch poet. Author of The Epigoniad.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilkins, John.</b> 1614–1672. Bp. Chester. Of his many works, the chief is +the Discovery of a New World, which attempts to prove the feasibility of +a passage from the earth to the moon.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilkinson, Sir John Gardner.</b> 1797–1875. Egyptologist. Author Manners and +Customs of the Ancient Egyptians, Architecture of Ancient Egypt, Modern +Egypt, etc. <i>See Memoir, by his wife, 1876.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Lit.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilkinson, John James Garth.</b> 1812 ——. Physician. Author Biography of +Swedenborg, The Human Body, The Ministry of Health, etc. <i>Pub. Lip.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Williams, Sir Chas. Hanbury.</b> 1709–1759. Satirist and poet.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Williams, Helen Maria.</b> 1762–1827. Poet and political writer. Author of +the familiar hymn beginning "While Thee I seek, Protecting Power."</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Williams, Monier.</b> 1819 ——. Sanskrit scholar. Author Eng. and Sanskrit +Dict., and Sanskrit and Eng. Dict., etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Williams, Rowland.</b> 1817–1870. Welsh theologian. <i>See Life, by his wife, +1874.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wills, Wm. Gorman.</b> 1828 ——. Dramatist and novelist. Eugene Aram, Jane +Shore, Charles I.,<span class="pagenum">[155]</span> and Mary Stuart are some of his plays. <i>Pub. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wills, Wm. Henry.</b> 1810–1880. Journalist and miscellaneous writer. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilmot, John, Earl of Rochester.</b> 1647–1680. Poet. A writer of numerous +gay, witty, but extremely licentious lyrics.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Willmott, Robert Avis.</b> 1809–1863. Poet and biographer. Author Life of +Jeremy Taylor, and editor of Herbert, Gray, Cowper, etc. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilson, Daniel.</b> 1816 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Author of Prehistoric +Annals of Scotland, Prehistoric Man, Caliban the Missing Link, +Chatterton: a Biographical Study, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilson, George.</b> 1818–1859. Chemist and essayist. Author Five Gateways to +Knowledge, Life Prof. Forbes, etc. <i>See Memoir, by his sister.</i> <i>Pub. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilson, Horace Hayman.</b> 1788–1860. Sanskrit scholar. Author Hist. +Cashmere, translation of the Rig-Veda, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilson, John</b>, "Christopher North." 1785–1854. Poet and essayist. Author +of the poems The Isle of Palms and The City of the Plague, of the +stories Margaret Lyndsay and Lights and Shadows of Scottish Life, and of +the famous Noctes Ambrosianæ. His style could be tender and pathetic, +but as a reviewer it was often coarse, prejudiced, and brutal. <i>See +Ferrier's edition, 12 vols.</i> <i>See Life, by Mrs. Gordon, 1862.</i> <i>Pub. +Arm. Ca. Wid.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilson, Sir Thomas.</b> 1523–1581. Author of The Art of Rhetoric, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wilson, Wm.</b> 1801–1860. Scotch poet. <i>See Grant Wilson's Poets of +Scotland.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Winchelsea, Countess Anne.</b> c. 1700–1720. Poet. Author of The Nocturnal +Reverie, etc. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i><span class="pagenum">[156]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wingate, David.</b> 1828 ——. Scotch poet. Author Annie Weir, etc. <i>See +Grant Wilson's Poets of Scotland.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Winkworth, Catherine.</b> 1825–1878. Hymnologist. Editor Hymns of the Ages, +Lyra Germanica, etc. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Winslow, Forbes Benignus.</b> 1810–1874. Physician. Author Physic and +Physicians, The Anatomy of Suicide, Lectures on Insanity, Obscure +Diseases of the Brain, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wiseman, Nicholas, Cardinal.</b> 1802–1865. Miscellaneous writer. Author +works on religion, science, art, literature, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wither, George.</b> 1588–1677. Poet. A voluminous writer, best known by his +Shepherd's Resolution and The Steadfast Shepherd. Style forcible and +original. <i>See Craik's Eng. Lit., vol. 2, and Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. +2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wolcott</b> [wŏl´kȏt, or wŏŏl´kȏt], <b>John</b>, "Peter Pindar." +1738–1819. Poet. Author of numerous witty, satirical poems, as The +Lousiad, Bozzy and Piozzi, and the Lyric Odes of Peter Pindar, many of +which were in ridicule of George III.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wolfe, Charles.</b> 1791–1823. Irish poet. Author of the famous Lines on the +Burial of Sir John Moore. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 4.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wollstonecraft, Mary.</b> See Godwin, Mrs. Mary.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wood, Anthony.</b> 1632–1695. Antiquary. Author Athenæ Oxonienses, etc. <i>See +Rawlinson's Life, 1811.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wood, Mrs. Ellen</b> [Price]. 1820 ——. Novelist. Of her many novels, East +Lynne is the most famous. Johnny Ludlow is one of her best books. <i>Pub. +Di. Pet.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wood, Mrs. Henry.</b> See Wood, Mrs. Ellen.<span class="pagenum">[157]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wood, John George.</b> 1827 ——. Naturalist. Author Homes without Hands, +Bible Animals, Common Objects of the Sea and Shore, etc. <i>Pub. Cas. Har. +Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Woodhouselee, Lord.</b> See Tytler, A. F.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Woolner, Thomas.</b> 1825 ——. Sculptor and poet. Author My Beautiful Lady, +etc. Style delicate and pure. <i>Pub. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Worboise, Mrs. Emma Jane.</b> 1825 ——. Novelist. Author Helen Bury, Lights +and Shadows of Christian Life, Thornycroft Hall, etc. <i>Pub. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wordsworth, Chas.</b> 1806 ——. Bp. St. Andrew's. Son to succeeding. Neph. +to W. W. Author Shakespeare's Knowledge and Use of the Bible, The Bible +in the Authorized Version with Notes and Introduction, etc. <i>Pub. Dut. +Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wordsworth, Christopher.</b> 1774–1846. Bro. to W. W. Author Eccl. +Biography, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wordsworth, Christopher.</b> 1807 ——. Bp. Lincoln. Son to preceding. Author +Hist. Church in Ireland, Memoirs Wm. Wordsworth, etc. <i>Pub. Dut.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wordsworth, Wm.</b> 1770–1850. His poems number in all 485, including the +long poems, The Excursion, Peter Bell, White Doe, and the Prelude. The +best of his verse is contained in the Ode on Immortality, Tintern Abbey, +Ode to Duty, Laodamia, The Cuckoo, Lucy, and a few of the Sonnets, some +of which are nearly perfect of their kind. Much of his verse contains +little of real interest, but his best is poetry of the very highest +type. <i>See Grosart's complete edition, 1875.</i> <i>See Lives, by Bp. +Wordsworth, Phillips, and Paxton Hood; also, Myers's Wordsworth, in Eng. +Men of Letters, Masson's Essays, and Shairp's Studies in Poetry.</i> <i>Pub. +Hou. Mac. Por. Rou.</i><span class="pagenum">[158]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Worsley, Philip Stanhope.</b> —— 1866. Poet. Translator of the Iliad.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wotton, Sir Henry.</b> 1586–1639. Poet and miscellaneous writer. His most +familiar poem is the one beginning, "How happy is he born and taught." +<i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 2.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wotton, Wm.</b> 1666–1726. Author of the Reflections upon Ancient and Modern +Learning, one of the original sources of the Boyle and Bentley +controversy.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wrangham, Francis.</b> 1769–1843. Poet and translator from the classics.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wraxall, Sir Fred'k Chas. Lascelles.</b> 1828–1865. Novelist. Author Wild +Oats, Camp Life, Memoirs Queen Hortense, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wraxall, Sir Nathaniel.</b> 1751–1831. Historical writer. Author Memoirs +Kings of France, Hist. France, Historical Memoirs of my own Time, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wright, Thomas.</b> 1810 ——. Archæologist. Author Domestic Manners in +England in the Middle Ages, Wanderings of an Antiquary, Hist. of +Caricature and the Grotesque, Womankind in Western Europe, etc. <i>Pub. +Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wright, Wm. Aldis.</b> 1836 ——. Shakespearean scholar. Co-editor with Clark +of the Cambridge Shakespeare, 9 vols., 1866, and of the Globe +Shakespeare.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wyatt, Sir Thomas.</b> 1503–1542. Poet. Author of love lyrics, one of the +finest being Forget not yet the Tried Intent. <i>See Poems with Memoir, +1831.</i> <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 1.</i> <i>Pub. Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wycherley</b> [wĭtch-e̯r-lĭ], <b>Wm.</b> 1640–1715. Dramatist. The Country +Wife and The Plain Dealer are the best of his plays, all of which are +witty, sprightly, and immoral. <i>See edition of 1831, with Congreve, +Farquhar, and Vanbrugh.</i> <i>Pub. Ron.</i><span class="pagenum">[159]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wyckliffe.</b> See Wiclif, John.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Wynter, Andrew.</b> 1819–1876. Miscellaneous writer. Author Our Social Bees, +Curiosities of Civilization, Borderlands of Insanity, etc. <i>Pub. Put.</i></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="Y" id="Y"></a> +<b>Yates, Edmund Hodgson.</b> 1831 ——. Novelist. Author Black Sheep, The +Yellow Flag, Kissing the Rod, Wrecked in Port, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har. +Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Yonge</b> [yŭng], <b>Charles Duke.</b> 1812 ——. Historian. Author Hist. British +Navy, Hist. Eng. Revolution of 1688, Hist. France Under the Bourbons, +Three Centuries of Modern Hist., etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Yonge, Charlotte Mary.</b> 1823 ——. Novelist. Cousin to C. D. Y. An +industrious writer, of whose 50 vols. more than 30 are fictions. The +Heir of Redclyffe is her most noted book; others are Heartsease, Hopes +and Fears, and The Daisy Chain. Her work is all careful, well +intentioned, and strongly High Church in character. <i>Pub. Apl. Dut. Est. +Har. Ho. Lip. Lo. Mac. Phi. Rob</i>.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Youatt</b> [yoo´a̯t], <b>Wm.</b> 1777–1847. Veterinary writer. Author of The +Horse, Cattle, Sheep, The Pig, and other similar standard works. <i>Pub. +Ju. Lip. Por. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Young, Arthur.</b> 1741–1820. Agricultural writer of note. Author Rural +Economy, Six Months' Tour through North of England, etc. <i>See Allibone's +Dict. and Donaldson's Agricultural Biography.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Young, Edward.</b> 1684–1765. Poet. Author Night Thoughts, etc. Style +strained and affected. <i>See Ward's Eng. Poets, vol. 3.</i> <i>Pub. Apl. Ca. +Hou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Young, Thomas.</b> 1773–1829. Scientific writer of eminence. <i>See Peacock's +Life of.</i><span class="pagenum">[160]</span></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<p class="out"> +<a name="Z" id="Z"></a> +<b>Zouch, Richard.</b> c. 1590–1660. A voluminous legal writer.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Zouch, Thomas.</b> 1737–1815. Miscellaneous writer. Author Memoirs Sir +Philip Sidney, Izaak Walton, etc.<span class="pagenum">[161]</span></p> + +<hr class="chapter"> + +<h2>ADDENDA.</h2> + +<p class="out"><b>Bain, Alexander.</b> 1818 ——. Philosopher. Author The Senses and the +Intellect, The Emotions and the Will, Study of Character, Mental and +Moral Science, Logic, Mind and Body, Education as a Science, Life of +John Stuart Mill, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Ho.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Barnes, Wm.</b> 1810 ——. Poet and philologist. Author of Poems of Rural +Life in the Dorset Dialect, Grammar of the Dorset Dialect, etc. <i>Pub. +Rob.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Bastian, Henry Charlton.</b> 1837 ——. Physician. Author The Beginnings of +Life, Evolution and the Origin of Life, Common Forms of Paralysis from +Brain Disease, etc. <i>Pub. Apl. Mac.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Blackburn, Henry.</b> 1830 ——. Traveler. Author Travelling in Spain, +Normandy Picturesque, The Pyrenees, Artists and Arabs, Art in the +Mountains, etc. <i>Pub. Os.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Browning, Oscar.</b> 1837 ——. Littérateur. Author of Hist. Educational +Theories. Modern England, 1820–1874, Modern France, 1815–1880, etc., and +articles in Encyc. Brit. on Cæsar, Carthage, Dante, Goethe, etc. <i>Pub. +Har.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Buxton, Mrs. B. H.</b> [Bee]. 1844 ——. Dramatic novelist. Author of Jennie +of the Prince's, Great Grenfell Gardens, Nell: on and off the Stage, +From the Wings, etc. <i>See the Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i> <i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i><span class="pagenum">[162]</span></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Clark, Wm. George.</b> 1821–1878. Shakespearean scholar. Co-editor with Wm. +Aldis Wright, of the Cambridge and Globe editions of Shakespeare.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Coleridge, Derwent.</b> 1800–1883. Miscellaneous writer. Son to S. T. +Coleridge. Author Scriptural Character of the English Church, Memoir of +Hartley Coleridge, Life of Praed, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Cook, Dutton.</b> 1832–1883. Novelist and dramatic critic. Author of Young +Mr. Nightingale, Art in England, The Book of the Play, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Craik, Georgiana Marion.</b> 1831 ——. Novelist. Author of Faith Unwin's +Ordeal, Mildred, Sylvia's Choice, Dorcas, Two Women, Winnifred's Wooing, +Only a Butterfly, The Cousin from India, Anne Warwick, Miss Moore, etc. +<i>Pub. Har. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Crosland, Mrs. Camilla</b> [Toulmin]. 1812 ——. Miscellaneous writer. Author +Hubert Freeth's Prosperity, The Island of the Rainbow, Hildred the +Daughter, Stratagems, etc. <i>Pub. Lip. Rou.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Crosland, Mrs. Newton.</b> See Crosland, Mrs. Camilla.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Geikie, Alexander.</b> 1835 ——. Geologist. Author The Story of a Boulder, +Phenomena of the Glacial Drift of Scotland, etc.</p> + +<p class="out"><b>Harris, George.</b> 1809 ——. Philosophical writer. Author True Theory of +Representation in a State, Theory of the Arts, Civilization as a +Science, Philosophical Treatise on the Nature and Constitution of Man, +etc. <i>See the Biograph, Aug. 1880.</i> <i>Pub. Apl.</i></p> + +<p class="out"><b>Sheppard, Elizabeth Sara.</b> —— 1862. Novelist. Author Rumor, +Counterparts, Almost a Heroine, and the famous musical romance Charles +Auchester. <i>See Atlantic Monthly, June, 1862.</i><span class="pagenum">[1]</span></p> + +</div> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Brief Handbook of English Authors, by +Oscar Fay Adams + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BRIEF HANDBOOK OF ENGLISH AUTHORS *** + +***** This file should be named 37072-h.htm or 37072-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/7/0/7/37072/ + +Produced by Barbara Tozier, Bill Tozier, Matthew Wheaton +and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at +https://www.pgdp.net + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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