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You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: Association Football + And How To Play It + +Author: John Cameron + +Release Date: March 25, 2011 [EBook #35683] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL *** + + + + +Produced by Brownfox and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from +images generously made available by The Internet Archive) + + + + + + +</pre> + +<p class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[Pg 2]</a></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 445px;"><a name="Illustration_001" id="Illustration_001"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_001.png" width="445" height="626" alt="J. CAMERON." title="" /> +<span class="caption">J. CAMERON.</span> +</div> + +<p class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[Pg 3]</a></p> + +<h1 class="gap2 headlarge smcap"><span style="margin-left:-15%;">Association</span><br /> +<span style="margin-left:20%;">Football</span></h1> + +<p class="center x-large">AND HOW TO PLAY IT</p> + +<p class="center small gap4">BY</p> +<p class="center large">JOHN CAMERON</p> + +<p class="center small">(Late Queen's Park, Everton, and Player-Manager, Tottenham +Hotspur F.C.)</p> + +<p class="center gap4"><b>One Shilling Net</b></p> + +<p class="center gap2">LONDON:<br /> +"HEALTH & STRENGTH," Ltd.<br /> +12, Burleigh Street, Strand, W.C.</p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[Pg 4]</a></span></p> +<p> </p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[Pg 5]</a></span></p> + +<h2 class="gap4">CONTENTS</h2> + + +<table summary="TOC"> +<tr> +<td class="small">CHAP</td> +<td> </td> +<td class="small">PAGE</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td>INTRODUCTORY</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#PREFACE">7</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">I.</td> +<td>GOALKEEPING</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_I">9</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">II.</td> +<td>FULL-BACK PLAY</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_II">14</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">III.</td> +<td>THE MIDDLE LINE</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_III">18</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">IV.</td> +<td>FORWARD PLAY</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_IV">22</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">V.</td> +<td>TRAINING</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_V">28</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">VI.</td> +<td>HINTS TO JUNIORS</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_VI">36</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">VII.</td> +<td>CAPTAINCY</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_VII">44</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">VIII.</td> +<td>REFEREEING</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_VIII">49</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">IX.</td> +<td>FOOTBALL AS A PROFESSION</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_IX">54</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">X.</td> +<td>CONTINENTAL FOOTBALL</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_X">59</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">XI.</td> +<td>FOOTBALL REFORM</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_XI">62</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">XII.</td> +<td>PRESENT DAY FOOTBALL</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_XII">68</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign">XIII.</td> +<td>FAMOUS CUP-TIES</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#CHAPTER_XIII">73</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="ralign"> </td> +<td>LAWS OF THE GAME</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#LAWS_OF_THE_GAME">79</a></td> +</tr> +</table> +<p class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[Pg 6]</a></p> + + + +<h2 class="gap4">ILLUSTRATIONS</h2> + + +<table summary="List of Illustrations"> +<tr> +<td> </td> +<td class="small ralign">PAGE</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>JOHN CAMERON</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_001"><i>Frontispiece</i></a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>SAVING A "HIGH FLYER"</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_002">11</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>HEADING THE BALL</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_003">17</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>READY FOR THE KICK-OFF</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_004">25</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>CENTRING FROM THE RIGHT WING</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_005">29</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>CENTRING FROM THE LEFT WING</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_006">31</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>PASSING WITH THE INSTEP</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_007">39</a></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>SHOOTING WITH THE INSTEP</td> +<td class="ralign"><a href="#Illustration_008">41</a></td> +</tr> +</table> +<p class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[Pg 7]</a></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE</h2> + +<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> +<span class="i0">Then strip, lads! and to it though sharp be the weather,<br /></span> +<span class="i2">And if by mischance you should happen to fall,<br /></span> +<span class="i0">There are worse things in life than a tumble in heather,<br /></span> +<span class="i2">And life is itself but a game of football.<br /></span> +</div></div> + + +<p>From the above quotation by Sir Walter Scott, it is +evident that football is quite an ancient game. Time +alters everything, and it has undoubtedly done so in +football. Where one used to play with half the village +on one side and the same on the other, it is now restricted +to sides composed of eleven players. As I have +been requested to write on the modern game it is not +worth while dwelling upon how it was played a hundred +years ago. Football is really supposed to be a Scottish +game, but it was in England that a proper Association +with defined rules was first started.</p> + +<p>This was in the early sixties, and since then the F.A. +has grown to be one of the most powerful bodies connected +with sport of any shape or form. They are a +most wealthy association, and their power is paramount. +It must be said that they have had everything to do with +making the game what it is at present. Although autocratic, +they deal thoroughly and honestly with both clubs +and players, and it will be a bad day for the game when +any body of clubs break away. At the time of writing +rumours are very rife, but it is to be sincerely hoped that +once again "rumour is a lying jade." Friendly matches +were the order of the day in the early stages of the +game. Then came the establishment of the English +Cup Competition for all clubs in the Kingdom. This +was in the year 1871, and it was only after eleven years +had elapsed that the Cup went to the North, when +Blackburn Olympic were the winners. May we say +<i>en passant</i> that a Scottish club, namely, the Queen's<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[Pg 8]</a></span> +Park of Glasgow, took part in the final contest in 1884 +and 1885, but were beaten by the Blackburn Rovers in +both cases. After that the Cup had a long sojourn in +the North, and it was not until 1901 that my old club, +Tottenham Hotspur, managed to bring it back to +the South. Again, since then, the North have had a +monopoly of it, and Southern enthusiasts are longing +for it to have its resting-place somewhere in the South.</p> + +<p>Another epoch in the game was the starting of the +League system of playing matches. The idea came +from the fertile brain of Mr. W. MacGregor, who is +familiarly known as the Father of the League. This +system undoubtedly proved a great success, and +although loyal amateurs still play in the same friendly +style the public took to it immensely, as is well shown +by the difference between the attendance at league and +friendly matches. Senior, junior, and school-boys' +are the names of the leagues now existing, not to mention +tradesmen's and shopkeepers' Thursday afternoon +associations. The mere fact that at Cup-ties and International +matches the attendance has been over 100,000 +is convincing testimony to the winter pastime's popularity. +A record crowd assembled at Hampden Park, +Glasgow, last April to see England v. Scotland, the +attendance reaching 130,000, and the sight was a most +magnificent one. Before the close of my preface I +should like to express my regret at the separation of a +portion of the Amateur Element from the Parent Body +last year, and, personally, I could see no reason for their +so doing—I can only say, "The pity of it." Again, +football and charity are synonymous, and it would surprise +many critics if the total amount of money collected +by clubs and associations was reckoned up. The last +match in aid of charity was played at Stamford Bridge, +between Manchester United and Queen's Park Rangers, +and realised over £1,000, and I think that speaks for +itself.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[Pg 9]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<p class="xx-large smcap center"><b>Association Football</b></p> + +<p class="large center"><b>AND HOW TO PLAY IT</b></p> + + + +<h2 class="gap4"><a name="CHAPTER_I" id="CHAPTER_I"></a>CHAPTER I.<br /> +<br /> +Goalkeepers and Goalkeeping.</h2> + + +<p>Goalkeepers, like poets, are born, not made. It +is really the most difficult position on the field to +occupy. If the half-back makes a mistake it can +be rectified by the man behind him, but if the goalkeeper +makes a blunder it is fatal. It is the one +position on the field that I have never occupied, +and I never had any desire to figure there. My +ideal for that position would be a man who stood +six feet and weighed at least thirteen stone, with +an eye as keen as that of a hawk. He must be +able to divine where and when the opposing forward +is about to shoot. All the great goalkeepers +have been of a fearless disposition, practically +throwing themselves at the ball, even at the risk +of receiving a kick from the attacking forward. +Fearlessness is undoubtedly a tremendous asset in +the making of a great goalkeeper. He must also +have a perfect understanding with his backs, and +they must trust him infinitely, which makes his +responsibility all the greater.</p> + +<p>I have often been asked the question whether<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[Pg 10]</a></span> +the goalkeeper should train as regularly as any +member of the eleven, and I have replied without +any hesitation "Certainly." In one way he does +not require such a severe course as a half-back, +who has to go through much more work than he +does. He should go in for plenty of short sprinting, +so that when running out of his goal to meet +any forward who has broken through he will be +able to meet the ball quicker than his opponent. +The reason for this is obvious, as half a yard in +twenty will make all the difference between a goal +being scored or not. I do not believe a great deal +in gymnastics for footballers in general, but this +method of training does a goalkeeper a world of +good.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[Pg 11]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 442px;"><a id="Illustration_002" name="Illustration_002"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_002.png" width="442" height="635" alt="SAVING A HIGH-FLYER." title="" /> +<span class="caption">SAVING A "HIGH-FLYER."</span> +</div> + +<p>Punch-ball exercises are some of the best he can +practise, and nearly all clubs have a ball fitted up in +their training room. He ought to also practise +place kicking, and endeavour to do so with both +feet. I have often seen a goal scored simply through +a poor return by the goalkeeper. Many allow +one of the backs to take the goal kicks, but this is a +big mistake, as it entails extra work on him, and he +probably has as much to do as he can get +through. I always like to see the ball thrown or +kicked to the wings instead of the centre, where the +play is generally concentrated. It is a mistake to +attempt to punch a ball when it is wet and greasy +and there is plenty of time to give it a lusty kick. +Many a match has been won and lost through the +goalkeeper attempting the former. The inauguration +of the penalty kick has made the position more +difficult than in the olden days. Critics say that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[Pg 12]</a></span> +eleven goals should be scored out of twelve. This +is all very well in theory, but in practice it is another +matter. It is, however, from both points of +view a most trying time in any game, especially +when the result of the match depends upon whether +a goal is scored or saved. I shall never forget last +year at Chelsea, when in the closing moments of +the game Notts County were allowed a penalty, +from which they scored.</p> + +<p>That goal saved them from going down to the +Second Division of the English League, and also +saved thousands of pounds for the County.</p> + +<p>When I was Manager of the 'Spurs I always +made a rule that a goalkeeper should have plenty +of practice in this department. I found that in a +big match things were certainly different, and +especially if there was a large crowd present. The +eye of the multitude is concentrated on the keeper +and the kicker, and there is a great strain on both, +although to my mind the goalkeeper has the advantage +in this way. If a goal is scored no one +blames him, as it is expected. If the forward fails +there is usually a loud groan.</p> + +<p>L. R. Roose, the great Welsh International, in +a well-written article for a standard book, has very +well defined the chief duties that fall to his lot.</p> + +<p>1. To prevent the ball passing between the space +bounded by the upright posts.</p> + +<p>2. To kick off when the ball has been sent behind +the goal-line by one of his opponents.</p> + +<p>Another great point where the goalkeeper must +use special discretion is whether to run out to meet +the forward or to "stay at home," as it is called in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[Pg 13]</a></span> +the football world. Undoubtedly if the forward is +clear of the other players he should leave his post +and endeavour to meet the forward. Every yard +he goes out means that he leaves less space to be +guarded. It is a well-known fact that the more +work the goalie has to do the better he shines, and +it often happens that the side that has been +resting for half an hour breaks away and a goal +results. A forward or a half-back is always in the +midst of it, and gets warmed whether his side are +losing or winning, but the keeper has often to exercise +the faculty of patience. There have been many +great goalkeepers, and it is very hard to pick out +even half a dozen who stand out for their fame. +In Scotland, when I was a boy, Macaulay was considered +to be the principal goalkeeper, and quite +deservedly so, if only for the simple reason that in +International matches, especially against England, +he always rose to the occasion. Moon, of the +Corinthians; A. Trainor, of Preston North End; +Toone, of Notts County; and, later on, Sutcliffe, of +Bolton, and Robinson, of Southampton, were always +to the fore, and of the pair it is very +difficult to say which was the better. Both have +played for England on many occasions, and at no +time were they ever disgraced. Their methods in +many ways were different, but the one thing they +had in common was that they both knew the right +moment to go for the ball. Robinson was without +hesitation the more fearless, but Sutcliffe made +up for it in many other ways. I have played +against both on several occasions, and cannot +honestly say that one is greater than the other, for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[Pg 14]</a></span> +what one is deficient in the other makes up for +in some other way or by some other method. The +goalkeeper, like the policeman, has a very happy +time in comparison with fifteen years ago. In the +olden days one could practically do as he liked, +and it was not at all uncommon to see the goalie +bundled over the line ere the ball came near him. +He is protected now in every way, and he cannot +now be charged except when in actual contact with +the ball. This is a good rule, and has done a +great deal for the game.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_II" id="CHAPTER_II"></a>CHAPTER II.<br /> +<br /> +Full-Back Play.</h2> + + +<p>One associates the full back with long and lusty +kicking, but he must possess many more qualifications. +He must be speedy, a fine tackler, and, +above all, a good header of the ball.</p> + +<p>He must also keep himself thoroughly fit, although +in one way he has not so much to do as +the men in front of him. He must be strong in +defence, but again, when his side is having the +most of the play he should be able to put in many +a good shot. It is also requisite that he should be +able to kick as well with one foot as the other, and +boys especially should study this point. It is +simply a case of practice. Every opportunity +should be utilised in developing the left foot,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[Pg 15]</a></span> +which is rather weaker than the other, and every +eleven out of twelve are greatly inclined to use the +right foot, but if you keep on practising, it will +not be long before you will be quite as proficient +with your left as your right. To become a good +artist you must study kicking the ball from any +position or angle that it may come to you. There +is what we call the drop kick, the free kick, the +overhead kick, the place kick, and taking the ball +on the run. The overhead kick is practically one +to be avoided, except in a grave case of emergency, +because you are never certain of it coming off, or +of placing it to any advantage. The drop kick +also takes a great deal of practice to be accomplished +with anything like success, but the essential +thing is to be able to keep the ball on the run +and kick it where you desire. A back should be of +a steady disposition and always keep cool, for if he +loses his head he is of little or no use to the side. It +is also necessary to know when to head or kick +the ball. It is often imperative that a back, for +the good of his side, should punt the ball over the +touch-line, but when doing so he should not make +a lusty kick and put it over the grand stand. All +that is wanted is a gentle touch to the railings, +which is the proper thing to do. As I have already +remarked, to know how to head the ball is +of the utmost importance, and it is effective in +clearing the line, especially from corner kicks. +Heading is quite an art of its own, and takes a +long time to master. You should be able to get at +the ball not only with the forehead, but with either +side of the head.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[Pg 16]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 447px;"><a id="Illustration_003" name="Illustration_003"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_003.png" width="447" height="631" alt="HEADING THE BALL." title="" /> +<span class="caption">HEADING THE BALL.</span> +</div> + +<p>There should be a general understanding between +the two backs, and also between them and +the goalie. Each should understand the other's +play to a nicety, and cover one another's mistakes +to a certain extent. They must have confidence in +their goalie, and should give him plenty of room +in which to operate. It is also important to know +when to pass back to the goalkeeper, and to do so +correctly. I have seen many goals scored from +faultiness in this respect. In tackling, a back +must be quick in turning, so that if the +forward beats him he has a chance of overtaking +his opponent. This has always been a strong +point in the play of all our greatest backs, and +should be cultivated by all those who wish to +succeed. To the uninitiated it seems that when the +ball comes to a back he should return it vigorously, +and nothing more. This is far from being correct. +Many of our best backs have been moderate +kickers, but when they did kick they did so with +discretion and judgment, placing the ball to the +half-back if he was free or to the outside right or +left, as the run of the play might be. Above all, +a back should be a fine tactician, knowing when to +go for the ball or when to put it quickly into touch, +thus giving his fellow players time to get back and +save the position. There have been many fine +full backs during the last decade of football +history, and probably the greatest were the brothers +Walters, of Corinthian fame; Nick Ross, of Preston +North End; and Walter Arnott, of Queen's Park. +The two Walters understood each other thoroughly, +and as a pair were second to none. Arnott<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[Pg 17]</a></span> +was the prettiest back to watch that I have ever +seen, and Ross was about the most effective. The +latter was certainly the most fearless player that I +have ever run across, and seemed at times to +plough his way through the attacking forwards.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[Pg 18]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_III" id="CHAPTER_III"></a>CHAPTER III.<br /> +<br /> +The Middle Line.</h2> + + +<p>There is no shadow of doubt but that the half-back +line is the backbone of a football team, and +probably the centre half catches the eye more than +any other member of the eleven. He ought really +to be a general, as he is in command of both the +attack and the defence. For, many reasons he +should be the captain of the side, for he can always +encourage either the defence or the attack. He is +like a wicketkeeper in cricket, who sees more of the +game than any other player, and if he be not the +captain, his advice should always be taken into +serious consideration. I have seen so many expert +half-backs that I must refrain from dwelling upon +the abilities of individual players. However, taking +such great examples as C. Campbell, of Queen's +Park, Glasgow; Johnnie Holt, of Everton fame; J. +Cowan, of Aston Villa, now manager of Queen's +Park Rangers, and many others, their methods<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[Pg 19]</a></span> +practically agree. A half-back should be able to +distribute the ball when it comes his way to the +best advantage, and a long swinging pass from +centre or outside right or left, according to his +judgment, has always proved most effective. No +one understood this game more than Cowan, and +I am certain others who know the player and game +will testify to this. I prefer a fast man for this +position, if only for the reason that from the kick-off +he gets going invariably before anyone else in +the field. His head work ought to be excellent, +and a great deal depends upon him whether the +run of play be in the opponents' hands or +otherwise. As a matter of fact, the distribution of +play to the best results is practically left to him. +It is a debatable point regarding the halves +whether they should direct their main efforts +against the opposing inside or outside forward. +To my mind, there ought to be an understanding +between the back and the half, but +in theory the half-back should tackle the inside forward +and leave the outside man to the back. The +best of critics disagree on this point, and I only +give my own personal view from the long experience +I have had in playing the game. Still touching +on the wing half, a half-back should certainly +cultivate speed as well as ability, for he must never +know when he is beaten. If a forward outmanœuvres +him, he should instantly fall back on +his own goal, so that when his back tackles the +opposition the half-back should be available to retrieve +the position; that is to say, if the outside left, +for instance, beats the right half-back, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[Pg 20]</a></span> +latter should immediately get between the forward +and the goal post, especially when his +opponent is known to be a dangerous attacker. +It is understood that a half-back has much +more to do in proportion than any other +player in the field, and should always be in the +pink of condition. He has infinitely more running +and twisting about to do, and should be most +elastic. Many wing half-backs are rather prone +to wander all over the field, which is a mistake +(except in isolated cases). Probably E. Needham, +of Sheffield United, was the most adaptable player +in this respect, although H. Wilson, the Scottish +International, ran him close. The mention of the +latter's name brings back to my mind the period +before the law as to throwing in the ball from touch +was altered. Wilson was the expert, and stood +alone. When playing for Sunderland it was +nothing unusual for him to throw the ball from the +half-way line right into the goal-mouth. Much +may have been lost owing to the alteration +in the law, for the player now must stand +with both feet on the line instead of being able +to have a good run ere he parts with the ball. +The half-back should be a good shot, and should +cultivate taking the ball on the run when shooting +at goal. More goals would be scored if the half-backs +did not hesitate but shot straight at the goal. +"The man who hesitates is lost," says a well-known +proverb, and its truth is shown in half-back +shooting as in any other way. Why more goals +do not come from the half-back line is a mystery +to me, but upon reflection I think it is because<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[Pg 21]</a></span> +they do not act on the spur of the moment. Still, +this is a failing in the forward line as well as in +the half-back division, and it is hardly fair to +criticise them severely. In summary, my ideal +half-back would be quite as proficient in defence +as in attack, and to secure this result he +will be wise to constantly develop the latter +department, for it is especially true of football that +attack is the best defence. This may seem a +tall order, but a half-back should be both a forward +and a half-back combined. Half-backs +should certainly receive a great deal of assistance, +especially from the forwards, and if this is not +forthcoming it puts an extra amount of work upon +their shoulders. This I shall deal with in another +chapter from a forward's point of view. I cannot +conclude this chapter without alluding to the late +J. Crabtree, who played for many years with Aston +Villa, and upheld his club so well in half-back +and full-back play. I have played against him +on many occasions, and he certainly was the finest +man I ever came across in defence and attack. He +seemed to be able to read the forwards' thoughts, +and knowing what was going to be done with the +ball, intercepted in a way that has rarely, if ever, +been equalled. This, in one way, is a gift which is +not mastered by cultivation, but still practice is a +great thing, and it is only by this means that any +man can hope to come to the front.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[Pg 22]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IV" id="CHAPTER_IV"></a>CHAPTER IV.<br /> +<br /> +Forward Play.</h2> + + +<p>A good forward line is perhaps a club's chief +asset. If the forwards continue to attack, the defence +has an easy time, and, as previously mentioned, the +best defence is attack. It is not the man who +scores that is necessarily the best forward, but to get +goals should be the aim of a forward whether he +gets the goal himself or leaves a comrade to +shoot the ball into the net. From this it will be +gathered that a forward should really understand +something of the art of goalkeeping, so that he +may know how best to defeat the goalkeeper. +The object of every forward movement should +be to get to the goal by the nearest way +possible, eluding the goalie by placing the +ball out of his reach. We have all heard of +Johnnie Goodall's method in this line. It is a +well-known fact that he used to put a tall hat on +top of the bar and endeavour to knock it off. In +this way he practically put the ball wherever he +wanted to, and this was the great secret of his +goal-scoring power, which, as I have already remarked, +is the chief asset in a forward. While +we are on the point of shooting, another thing is +to be able to take the ball on the run, which is to +say that a forward should shoot without having to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[Pg 23]</a></span> +trap the ball. By doing so he gives the goalkeeper +no possible chance of knowing where it is +going. If he can do this while running at top +speed, he will certainly be an artist in this department, +and no one was better able to do this than +Stephen Bloomer, the great International. I +have often been asked what was the secret of his +success, and I have always put it down to this +reason: running at top speed and being able to +give the ball—without slackening down—the final +kick into the net. In the last decade the forward +line was purely individualist, and there were certainly +many giants of the game. Combination +was, generally speaking, unknown, and every forward +was quite on his own. The forward line is +now a combined one, and in one way it is more +effective than the old style. It is hardly possible +to get a blending of both, but it can be done, and +if a team are fortunate enough to do so they would +certainly come out on top at the end of the season. It +is a recognised fact that the forward play of to-day +is rather too mechanical, and we miss the individual +efforts that we used to appreciate so very +much in the days gone by. Naturally, the centre +forward is the connecting link of the rank. He +should be tall, a fine dribbler, and more often an +individualist than any of his comrades. He should +also be able to keep his wings well together, and +distribute the play to the best advantage, and most +of all to be a fine shot. The inside forwards should +do what is called "the donkey work," to fetch and +carry, and to help the half-backs when they are in +a dilemma. Theirs is the most thankless job of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[Pg 24]</a></span> +the lot, and a great deal done by them is often unappreciated. +How often I have heard the crowd cheer +a centre forward for a goal while the man who did +so much to lead up to it was quite overlooked! +Happily he has the consolation of knowing that the +men with him quite appreciate his work, as also does +the educated public. I always try to impress upon +the young and old that it is not the man who scores +the goal that deserves the credit, but that in an +ideal forward line each one should work for the +benefit of the side, treating the getting of the goal as +a mere item of the play. Perhaps, having played +mostly on the inside, I may be inclined to be +biassed. Still, I think not, and I can fortunately +plead my long connection with the game, and I +care not what others may say, this is the <i>esprit de +corps</i> that must prevail in any team which intends +to reach the highest pinnacle in the Association +world.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[Pg 25]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 448px;"><a id="Illustration_004" name="Illustration_004"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_004.png" width="448" height="633" alt="READY FOR THE KICK-OFF." title="" /> +<span class="caption">READY FOR THE KICK-OFF.</span> +</div> + +<p>One would imagine that it is the simple duty of +the inside right to pass the ball to his outside man +or on occasions to the centre forward, but this is +far from being correct, and one of the most effective +passes is from inside right to outside left or +vice versa, from inside left to outside right. The +reasons for this are obvious. In the first place, all +the play is concentrated on the right wing, and the +outside left, being correctly placed, passes it with +a long swing to him, and that always means +danger to the opposition. Another reason is that +he retrieves the play to a certain extent by carrying +the play right up the field and so giving the +defence an opportunity to reveal itself. An<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[Pg 26]</a></span> +inside forward must also come back for the throw-in +when the ball goes out of touch. Coming to +the outside man, he should be able to shoot accurately +from any angle. Often a great failing of +his is running the ball towards the corner flag instead +of making a bee-line for goal. It is given +to few to be able to land the ball in the mouth of +the goal from the corner flag when on the run, and +even if anyone is able to do so, it would certainly +be more effective to make straight for the goal. I +do not believe in an outside forward coming to the +assistance of the defence, save under exceptional +circumstances. An outside may do so and receive +a cheer for it, but it is much more important +that he should be in position to +take up the ball next time it is sent where +he should be waiting. One of the virtues +that an outside man should possess is that of +patience. Often on the run of the play the ball +goes on quite the opposite side of the field, and he +must control the impulse to go after it. It is a +great mistake to leave your place, for when the ball +does come along the outside man will be practically +clear and have a straight run before him. I know +it is a great strain on an outside man to stand still +while all the others are in the thick of the play. +Still, it is his place to do so, and it should be done. +Centring the ball is a great feature, and the best +position from which to do so is about thirty yards +out, landing the ball close upon the twelve +yards line. If he puts the ball further than that +the goalkeeper is in a position to catch it and thus +save the position. The art of being able to place<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[Pg 27]</a></span> +corner kicks effectively is a thing of the past. +Perhaps this is due to the restrictions against +charging the goalkeeper unless he is in actual contact +with the ball. Still, it behoves an outside +man to study this point. It may seem strange, +but the best way for the outside right to kick is +with his left foot. The same applies to the outside +left; he should kick with his right foot. The +reason here is surely obvious, because kicks with +your left foot from the right wing cause a slight +swerve on the ball. There have been many great +forwards both in the individual and combination +line. Aston Villa maintain that Archie Hunter +was the greatest centre forward and the best general +that ever kicked a ball, and this statement is endorsed +by very many competent judges. I was +fortunate enough to see him play in Scotland when +on tour twenty years ago, and he very greatly impressed +me. As I was very young at the time, +perhaps I should not make any definite statement. +I have played with G. O. Smith, and he was a +great forward, as also is V. J. Woodward, with +whom I have played in later days. These three +played the game as it should be played. With no +unnecessary charging, they always got on the ball, +and knew when it was best to dribble and when to +shoot. William Bassett, of West Bromwich Albion +fame, was a great outside right, and could centre the +ball from any position. He and Johnnie Goodall, +now manager of Watford, made a great wing. +We all know the abilities of Bloomer, who has +been the greatest goal getter of recent years. The +outside left position is the most difficult one to fill<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[Pg 28]</a></span> +in the forward line, and consequently there have +not been so many giants in this position. Probably +this is owing to the fact that few can kick +as well with both feet, but with practice there +should be no difficulty in acquiring this accomplishment.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 444px;"><a id="Illustration_005" name="Illustration_005"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_005.png" width="444" height="630" alt="CENTRING FROM THE RIGHT WING." title="" /> +<span class="caption">CENTRING FROM THE RIGHT WING.</span> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_V" id="CHAPTER_V"></a>CHAPTER V.<br /> +<br /> +Training.</h2> + + +<p>Not the least important thing about football is<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[Pg 29]</a></span> +the matter of training, and nearly every professional +club has a trainer, whose business it is not +only to get the men fit, but also to keep them so +for eight months. I have spoken to a great many +whose work it is to get their men into condition +and keep them so, and I find that a great many of +them have different methods, but nearly all are +agreed that every individual must be taken by himself. +The majority of people, however, are not +paid players, although, as I have already said, +these are largely increasing in number, because +year by year we see fresh clubs springing +up, besides which every member of an +ordinary club should be bound to turn out in +as perfect a condition as possible. Many make a +practice of walking to and from their work, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[Pg 30]</a></span> +this in itself is excellent. When Montague Holbein +was training for his Channel swims he used to +make a practice of walking from Catford to the +City, and also back, a distance of several miles, +and this he found very valuable indeed. In the +early days of some of the more important clubs a +great many of the players who were professionals +went to their ordinary occupations all the week and +used to play on a Saturday. When West Bromwich +Albion, captained by William Bassett, won +the English Cup against Preston North End +twenty years ago, the Midlanders were all local +lads, whose wages totalled about ten pounds a week, +while Preston's pay-list was four times as much. +Indeed, men who are regularly at work, especially +if it be out of doors and if it taxes one's bodily +powers, need very little training. No one ought to +play football unless he has a sound constitution, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[Pg 31]</a></span> +every organ in the body must be sound, especially +the heart and lungs; it is a game for those who +are healthy and vigorous. A good plan is to +pursue some exercise during the "close" season, +<i>i.e.</i>, the summer months. Professionals will +tell you that August is their hardest month, +a large number of them having done nothing +since the end of April. Their muscles +have become stiff, and they have probably too +much surplus flesh. It is very different where +professionals take up first class cricket, and trainers +have frequently told me that those professionals +and amateurs who play the summer game require +little or no preparation, and there are many instances +of that. Take, for instance, J. Sharp, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[Pg 32]</a></span> +famous Everton forward. He must be getting on +in years, and yet season after season he plays +cricket up till the end of August and then turns +up at Goodison Park and shows how well he +can carry the ball along and whip it into goal, +like "a rocket, though not so straight up," as one +great judge has written of him. He has been an +International this year. He has done splendid +work as a cricketer, and is second on the list of +Lancashire averages, and may be described as one +of the greatest all-round men in England. Now, +in his thirty-first year, he has given evidence that +if you keep in condition there is no need to worry +about special preparation or anything of the sort. +Another instance is E. Needham, the captain of +Sheffield United, and perhaps the greatest half-back +for many years that we have had. He is now +thirty-five, and it is a long time since he played +his first International match, and long before he +was a cricketer he had made his name as a footballer. +He is a tireless worker, as anyone who +has watched him with the Sheffield United club +knows quite well, and long before his age many +men have retired from the game. He has the +respect and admiration of everyone, and this year +he has come to the front as a cricketer and finished +at the head of the Derbyshire averages. The +result of his always keeping in condition is that +he will probably go on for some years as a great +cricketer, and as one career is on the wane the other +seems to be beginning. He is great indeed at +both games. Two other members of the Sheffield +United club have also made their presence felt at<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[Pg 33]</a></span> +the summer game. I refer to the two half-backs, +the brothers Wilkinson. W. H., the half-back, +has never done better as a cricketer. He is a left-handed +batsman, and has made a great advance +on anything he has done before, while B. Wilkinson +is a player of some repute. Lewis, of Somerset; +Makepeace, of Lancashire; Ducat, of Surrey; +Iremonger, of Notts; and Leach and Vincett, of +Sussex, are all cricketers who have done splendid +work during the summer game, and have turned +out footballers perfectly fit at the beginning of +the season. Indeed, if you play cricket as it should +be played it is magnificent training for football. +It is hard work getting fit at the start of the season +if you have allowed your muscles to become +flabby, while there may be no regular circulation +of the blood, and generally the muscles that you +require are very lethargic, so the difficulty is with +those who do not play tennis or cricket, or go in +for rowing or swimming or some other form of +active exercise during the summer, that they will +have to take up some serious practice. Skipping +is good, walking and running, especially short +sprinting, while punch-ball exercise and dumb-bells +may be used. There should be moderation in +all things, and one must start carefully at first and +increase the amount of training until one feels fit. +During the season walking and some practice at +kicking, with an occasional sprint, are quite +enough to keep the player well. It is quite possible +that some may suffer from the tremendous +amount of energy that they put into their game. I +do not think that those who work indoors, such as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[Pg 34]</a></span> +clerks and others who are called upon to follow indoor +occupation, require more than moderate +regular exercise. It is very likely that they will +have to do their training after or before business +hours, and in the evening brisk walking of a +couple of miles, with a sprint of 100 yards four +or five times, is a good way of getting rid +of superfluous fat, and everyone can do this if he +likes, though laziness will often lead some to shield +themselves under the excuse, "They have no +time." One well-known forward, thoroughly +conscientious in his training, used to exercise on +the Embankment, an excellent plan. Everyone +who has to work sitting down should take a morning +bath and a little practice with a skipping rope +or dumb-bells. The question of diet is of some +importance. The game is so strenuous and exhausting +that a substantial meal should be taken +at least two hours before a match. Many have a +beef steak well cooked, with stale bread and vegetables +that are well done, always excluding +potatoes, and they are able to play right through +the game without feeling in any way fatigued. +The plainer the food the better. All players are +better if they leave alone intoxicants. Needham +earnestly advises young players to abstain from +them. He says that his experience is that they do +not sustain any long continued effort, and their +stimulating effect is followed by an invariable +depression. From my own observation of players +who have abstained and those who have not, I am +sure the former have done far better than the latter. +Plenty of Internationals and men whose names are<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[Pg 35]</a></span> +household words are total abstainers. I remember +Vivian J. Woodward at a dinner in the football +season would neither touch intoxicating drinks nor +smoke, and England's captain knew what he was +about. Kirwan, who captained Ireland; John +Goodall, one of the props of the game; John +Lewis, the famous penalty king; C. Williams, the +Brentford and Tottenham goalkeeper; Ducat, of +Woolwich Arsenal, are only a few of the total abstainers, +and to them I might add R. M. Hawkes, +International and the Luton captain. Indeed, if +you want to be of the greatest value to your side +you may take it from me that you will do better +service by leaving alone all sorts of alcohol, and as +to smoking, I am quite sure it is thoroughly bad. +I see one picture which explains to me why a great +deal of the slackness is creeping over our boys. +Again and again I have watched mere lads of +fourteen and fifteen, as well as young men of +twenty-five, come on to the cricket and football +field smoking those horrible, cheap, inferior +"fags." How any captain can allow it is a great +mystery to me, because if we are training for a match +we always say do not smoke a day or two before, +because it interferes with one's staying powers. +Yet I have seen boys come down to Tottenham +smoking all the way from London, all the time +they are changing, and actually come from the +dressing room with cigarettes, and blow and blow +away right to the moment of kicking off. Not +content with that, they get through some more +cigarettes at the interval, and then wonder why they +are tired before the match is over. I have often<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[Pg 36]</a></span> +begged of our youths if they wish to be athletes to +remember that it means a certain amount of self-denial, +and if they want to do their best for their +side they will take this matter seriously to heart +and remember that smoking and drinking intoxicants +make one unfit rather than otherwise. I do +not think that the ordinary player need think about +special training, but if, on the other hand, staleness +comes to him a complete rest is necessary. +When you are overworked at the end of a long +season your feet will seem heavy and your kicking +will be uncertain, while you will fall and stumble +about. This is the time to retire and make room +for someone else. With a little care you will gain +the necessary freshness, and you will be able to +tell when you have got that, because you will be +anxious to play the game.</p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 444px;"><a id="Illustration_006" name="Illustration_006"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_006.png" width="444" height="632" alt="CENTRING FROM THE LEFT WING." title="" /> +<span class="caption">CENTRING FROM THE LEFT WING.</span> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VI" id="CHAPTER_VI"></a>CHAPTER VI.<br /> +<br /> +Hints to Junior and Amateur Clubs.</h2> + + +<p>It is an old adage that the boy is father to the man, +and this applies casually to football circles. The +boy of to-day has a great advantage over a boy of +say ten or fifteen years ago. Every possible +opportunity is put in his way for developing his +play, as schoolmasters take a bigger interest in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[Pg 37]</a></span> +their boys than in olden days. Schoolboy Internationals +and shield competitions are the order of +the day, while years ago boys used to meet together, +pick sides, put their jackets down for posts, +and go full speed ahead without any referee or +any official. I have followed closely these schoolboy +competitions, and in my heart think they are +really a mistake. A boy of twenty years ago had +to do all the initial work, which amounted to carrying +the goal-posts to the field of play, whether it +were a common or any other open space. They had +to find their own ball, and many times I have given +a few pence to an aspiring club. The blowing up +of the ball was another great event, and in those +days it took a lot of doing, the youth with the +strongest and biggest lungs having the privilege +of giving the ball its last few blows. The captain +always had the honour of carrying the ball to the +field of play, and could do practically what he +liked with it. Nowadays things seem completely +altered. The boy, instead of doing everything for +himself, has everything done for him, and all he +has to do is simply turn up in time to change and +go on to the field of play. I think this is a great +mistake, and if the youth of to-day had to go out +of his way to a great extent for his Saturday +pastime he would be all the better for it. When +I was a youngster it was nothing unusual for an +enthusiast to get out of bed at an unearthly hour +in the morning and make all the preparations for +the day's game, go back to breakfast, and then +turn up at the office at the usual time. To do this +one must be very fond of the game, and such a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[Pg 38]</a></span> +spirit will carry any club or player right to the +front. I have been secretary to both amateur and +professional clubs, and my sympathy goes out to +the secretary of the first-named. The professional +secretary or manager has only to say to the player +"Do this," and he does it, like the centurion of old, +but the man who holds the reins of an amateur +club has to put up with many disappointments +through the thoughtlessness of members of his +team. I should like to put this point very +strongly before these players, and ask them to consider +their secretary in every way. Charles Reade<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[Pg 39]</a></span> +wrote a very fine novel, <i>Put Yourself in His +Place</i>, and this applies to the case in point. The +hon. secretary of an amateur club as a rule is a +very busy man, and takes the position from mere +love of the game. It must be admitted that it is +rough on him to find on Saturday morning that +many players cannot put in an appearance at the +match and could have saved him all the trouble of +wiring and sending round the district for another +player if they had only let him know a day or two +before, so that he would have had a chance of filling +the places they had vacated. It means a great +deal of trouble to him which, for the sake of a little +thought, could have easily been avoided. I am +speaking feelingly now, and if any player happens +to read this chapter I hope he will consider this +matter seriously. Junior and amateur clubs have +a few failings that I might be permitted to point +out. I might start in the first place with punctuality. +Although this is considered by many a +virtue, it is not so considered by them. Probably<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span> +before a match starts twenty players have to wait +for the dilatoriness of the other two. Of course +there are exceptional circumstances which are excusable, +but the unpunctuality of the players in +junior and amateur matches has done a great deal +of harm from a spectatorial point of view. Professional +clubs soon realise this point, and much of +their success in league matches is due to players +and officials being invariably ready to start at the +advertised time of kick off. If a professional is +late a severe penalty is imposed upon him, and the +Football League are most autocratic in knowing +that the referee and linesmen are always<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[Pg 41]</a></span> +there at the correct time, and if they are late they +are liable to be fined. Regarding training for +juniors, it only behoves a boy to be thoroughly +fit and well. If he indulges in some summer game, +such as cricket, tennis, or golf, or if he plays +regularly lawn tennis, he should start the season +quite fit and well. If, however, he feels in the +summer not inclined to follow any of these pastimes, +he ought to go in for walking or swimming, +so as to reduce his weight, and thus enable him +to go on the field and play as usual. In recent years +one has heard and read a great deal about special +training, and I may remark that special training +is not really necessary, even from a professional +point of view. What is necessary is to keep the +players well together, regular hours for meals, +and off to bed in good time. It is the <i>esprit de +corps</i> that must be cultivated. The junior who is +at business all the week should require but little +training. His match on the Saturday, if he leads<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[Pg 42]</a></span> +a regular life, should be quite sufficient to enable +him to turn up on that day as fit as possible. Still, +if he has a little time to spare a few short sprints +once or twice a week will do him a great deal of +good. He may probably add two or three yards +in a hundred, and speed is a great asset in +modern football. Probably one yard in twenty is +of infinitely more advantage than say five in a +hundred, and for that reason alone I have always +encouraged a player, if he can possibly do so, to +go in for short sprints from twenty-five yards to +fifty. Should he not be able to run on an open +piece of ground there would be no harm in putting +on a pair of canvas shoes at home and sprinting +for fifty yards on the pavement opposite his house +or on the road if the district is fairly quiet. +Nobody will take any notice, especially after the +first once or twice, and on coming indoors take +a hot bath; if going out again never forget to +have a cold plunge afterwards. I am a great +believer in hot baths for taking away any +nasty knock or soreness, but they must be taken +with the greatest possible care so as to avoid catching +cold. There is no finer sensation after having +a hot bath than to jump into a stone cold one or +to stand under a shower. It makes you tingle all +over, and after having a rub down you feel like a +giant refreshed. "Am I a believer in Turkish +baths?" is a question often asked me, and I +must admit that I generally qualify my reply. +Once now and again does no harm; to indulge in +them regularly to me seems a great mistake, as +they are certainly most lowering. Another point<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[Pg 43]</a></span> +I should like to dwell upon is that the junior of +to-day makes a practice of playing with his cap on, +especially in wet weather. I must honestly state +that I hate to see anyone playing with a headgear. +It seems to me strange, and I know many a player +who has caught a very bad cold through playing +in this way, and after changing, going home in +the same. If he has a change it is not so bad, +but it takes a longer time for this cap to dry than +his hair, and it is some considerable time before +the former is fit to wear after getting soaked. Just +a word in conclusion to the juniors. Play the +game as it should be played. Do not hold your +opponents up to ridicule by beating them two or +three times when once will suffice. Get as many +goals as you possibly can, for a team will prefer +to be beaten by double figures rather than know +that their opponents were toying with them and +could score whenever they chose. Be loyal to +your club and clubmates, and do not forget that +enthusiasm is the great thing that will carry you +to the front in football as well as in other +spheres in life. Unselfishness is also another great +point. Should your captain or committee choose +another man as your superior, do not grumble, +but turn out for the second eleven, and play with +all your heart and soul, and if you have the merit +you will soon regain your old position in the first +team. Above all, play the game fairly and +squarely, and you will succeed either as a professional, +senior, junior, or amateur.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[Pg 44]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 445px;"><a id="Illustration_007" name="Illustration_007"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_007.png" width="445" height="632" alt="PASSING WITH THE INSTEP." title="" /> +<span class="caption">PASSING WITH THE INSTEP.</span> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VII" id="CHAPTER_VII"></a>CHAPTER VII.<br /> +<br /> +Captaincy.</h2> + + +<p>There are a good many people who think that the +office of captain is not very important, but my +idea is that the judicious choice of a skipper is +very great indeed. I have heard it said that the +office is an empty honour in a professional club, +but I am sure that this is a great mistake, and in +an ordinary club as much depends on the leader as +all the rest put together. The best players in the +world are sacrificed if placed under an inefficient +general, but on the other hand a leader of ability +and energy has often made a strong club out of +what seemed to be very unpromising material. So +the best all-round player should be skipper. It +seems to me quite necessary that whoever holds +this position must have the confidence of every +member of the side, and there can only be one +leader in the field, and unless any fellow has ability +and character enough to gain the loyal support of +his men, he had certainly better never think about +taking the office. So many clubs fail because they +have no confidence in their leaders. Ernest Needham, +the great leader of the Sheffield United side, +has said that when a team is in a winning mood +how proud the captain may be, but what a difficult +post he has to fill when a team is on the downward<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[Pg 45]</a></span> +grade and losing match after match. The man +you choose should have a thorough knowledge of +the game, and also enthusiasm and keenness, +which should be a standing rebuke to that subtle +spirit of slackness which is so characteristic of our +men to-day. Personally, I am very sorry to see +this, and if you have at the head one who sets +an example of hard work, coolness, and determination, +you may be sure that he will do his best to +get all he can out of his men. "Example is far +better than precept." Now the captain should be +the oldest member of a team as a rule, and the one +with most experience. Alexander Tait and Walter +Bull, when they were leaders of the 'Spurs, were +examples of ability and experience going hand in +hand, and they naturally commanded respect. As +a rule the captain should decide on the composition +of the team and what they should do. If he has +an idea he can improve it by giving a few new men +a trial, he should inform his committee, who +in a small club should always be men who have +played and know the game. They, too, must have +perfect confidence in the man they have chosen, +and allow him a very free hand if they wish to +get the best results. One caution which has often +been uttered but each season seems to need repetition, +is this that when the side is playing the +captain has absolute control of his men, and is +responsible for their formation and play. He +should be above favouritism, for in junior clubs the +leader has often favourites, and no matter how +very able the man may be himself one player does +not make a team, and it is necessary to be friendly<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[Pg 46]</a></span> +with all and not be partial to anybody. The game +and the ability of each for his particular part in it +must be the chief consideration, and I hope that +this will ever be so. Without it there will be no +success. Again, it is very necessary that a +captain should be in a position to be able to point +out the errors of each one, so that there may be +no resentment. On the field of play, too, he must +feel that he has the support of his men, because +it is when they are playing matches that he has +great responsibility. He will carefully watch for +openings on the part of the opposing club, and if +he thinks he detects a weak place, will direct the +play so as to take advantage of this and +gain the upper hand, giving his comrades +hints as to how this may be done. Many +captains that I know of hardly speak a word +on the field of play, but the interval forms a very +useful opportunity indeed for advice, which must +be taken in the proper spirit. He will watch the +play of his opponents, and adopt what he thinks +will be the best game. Ernest Needham remembers +how in the great Cup-tie, Sheffield United +against Liverpool, his side were, ten minutes from +the close of play, two goals down, and then played +eight forwards, one back, and one half-back, +and in this way managed to get a drawn game. +Of course, as he explains, goals against them mattered +little, but the Liverpool forwards were soon +offside in their attempt to break away. In this +case the captain was in a weak position, and +reverted to what may seem a strange formation in +order to save the day. Two great captains who<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[Pg 47]</a></span> +have left their mark upon the game have been +Howard Spencer and V. J. Woodward. Spencer +was the leader of Aston Villa, and he gained his +unique position by qualities that may well be +imitated. He was something more than an English +gentleman and sportsman. He was, perhaps, the +fairest player ever known to the game. He has +never been known to lose his temper, and self-restraint +seemed to him perfectly natural. No +player or referee has ever accused him of a wilful +foul, and he has nothing except honest and +straightforward play and skill. His knowledge of +the game was very great, and is shown by the fact +that his club won the League Championship four +times, while three times in ten years he helped +Aston Villa to win the English Cup. I dare say, +like the rest of humanity, he had faults, but at the +same time he stood out a man who was a brainy +player of great ability. The other man is V. J. +Woodward, who has hardly reached the zenith of +his fame. He is very fair in his play, and is ever +heartily welcomed by those who have the pleasure +of his acquaintance. It was a mere accident that +brought him to the front. A Tottenham supporter +happened to see him taking part in a local +game at the time when G. O. Smith was retiring, +and he was invited to show his prowess in good +company, with what result everybody knows. If +he has been left out of a side it is perhaps because +he is so unselfish that he has not been chosen on +every occasion that he might have been, but nature +and skill asserted themselves, and he is the unanimous +choice of the selectors now. He would<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[Pg 48]</a></span> +rather lose a game than win it by dirty tactics. He +is never individual, and always gives the others a +chance. To my mind, he is the ideal captain of +the day, and everyone who wishes to be successful +as a leader should go and watch him. The +young player must always remember to +keep perfect control over his temper, or he +will do very little. Walter Bull thinks the +ideal place for a "skipper" is that of centre half, +but some others have preferred the goalkeeper's +place. In the latter you have all the play before +you, but from centre half hints can be passed unobserved +to the front line. Alexander Tait, of +Leyton, was ever quiet as a captain, no shouting +on the field of play, but a friendly "tip" during +the interval. What you regard as "hard lines" +will often try your temper, but if you expect your +side to obey the referee and the spectators to behave +well, you must show the way. The skipper +who succeeds is the man of few words on the field, +though off it he may say a great deal. The club's +affairs will go much more smoothly if he tries to be +fair. No personal feeling must interfere with his +choice of a player—the best man for the position, +and the one who plays not for himself but for his +side. To-day combination is required. I know +one brilliant International who was very individual. +Remonstrances were of no use, and at last came +the time when he had to be left out of the team. +He was a nice fellow, and since he left he has been +captain for his country. One man, good as he +may be, cannot win a match, and the captain, at +least, should be free from reproach.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[Pg 49]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 444px;"><a id="Illustration_008" name="Illustration_008"></a> +<img src="images/illustration_008.png" width="444" height="629" alt="SHOOTING WITH THE INSTEP." title="" /> +<span class="caption">SHOOTING WITH THE INSTEP.</span> +</div> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_VIII" id="CHAPTER_VIII"></a>CHAPTER VIII.<br /> +<br /> +The Referee.</h2> + + +<p>In one way the most important man on the field is +the referee, as the success of the game depends a +great deal on his ability to control the play and +players adequately. He is commonly known as +the "Knight of the Whistle," and his responsibilities +are manifold. To be a successful referee +one must keep thoroughly fit, and be able to turn +out on to the field in as good a condition as the +player does, for he has got to go through more +running than any of the twenty-two players, and +must keep up with their pace. Like Cæsar's wife, +he should be above suspicion, and give his decisions +without fear or favour. It is the weak +referee that often spoils a game and brings football +into disgrace.</p> + +<p>Refereeing in a first class match is much easier +than taking the whistle in what we might call junior +ones. In senior circles players know the game +from "A" to "Z," and play accordingly; but +often a referee has to use more judgment than if +he were officiating for the English Cup at the +Crystal Palace. However, this is only by the +way, and I must dwell upon the senior referee more<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[Pg 50]</a></span> +than the junior. In brief, my ideal referee must +have the following qualifications:—</p> + +<ol> +<li>A thorough knowledge of the rules of the +game.</li> + +<li>Be strong minded enough to enforce his decisions +when once they are given.</li> + +<li>He should have been a player himself, and +still be as active as ever on the field.</li> + +<li>He must be an autocrat. (If necessary, the +F.A. will support him to the fullest extent +possible.)</li> +</ol> + +<p>Really the duties of a referee are manifold. He +has full control of the play, and must use a great +amount of tact, for if he does not, he not only spoils +the game but his own reputation. He should be +quick in giving his decisions, and must adhere to +them, despite the grumblings and comments of the +players or spectators. The professional footballer +of to-day is very quick in weighing up the referee. +He knows in his heart whether he can do as he +likes or if the referee is to be obeyed. Supposing +the man with the whistle is weak, no one knows +better than the players, and again, if he is strong, +they know they can take no liberties during the +course of the game. In ordinary games the +referee must be strong and have no connection with +the clubs engaged. The most able referees that I +have played under or witnessed were men who +were slow to speak, but when occasion arose were +quick to act. As a matter of fact, they have simply +to say "Do this," and it is done; and there is +trouble for anyone who endeavours to dispute their<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[Pg 51]</a></span> +ruling. The greatest referee may make mistakes. +Still, he must maintain the dignity of his decisions +when once given. In many ways a referee is born +and not made, and all the best referees are those +who have played the game when they were young, +and have followed it up continually since leaving +off, actually taking part in the kicking of the ball. +Their hearts are in the game, and this makes all the +difference, to a great degree, whether they are successful +or not. In senior circles referees are supposed +to be unbiassed, which I am glad to say in +the general run of cases they are. The crowd of +the home side are naturally in favour of their +friends, and the referee has often to put up with +any amount of comment and ridicule. It is then +that he should show his character and worth by +distributing the law of the game as it ought to be +done in all honesty and fairness.</p> + +<p>Probably it may be considered vanity on my +part to give the would-be referee a few ideas from +a player's point of view. A referee should, if +possible, know each man by name and the position +he occupies in the field, so that if a reprimand is +necessary he can say, "Jones or MacPherson, +stop that!" A little phrase like that goes a very +long way, and I may attribute the secret of some +of our referees' success to knowing the names of +the players they are refereeing, and so being able +to call them personally to order when necessary.</p> + +<p>The relation of the referee to the linesmen is a +very great question, and whether he should be persuaded +by the two men on the line has often been +discussed both on and off the field. To sum it up<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span> +briefly, my opinion is that a referee should act +upon his own discretion, but when in doubt should +consult his linesmen. If he gives a decision on +the spur of the moment when he is certain he is +quite correct, he must not be persuaded by the +opposition one way or the other. Still, when he is +in doubt he should certainly appeal to the linesmen, +and the referee who does not do so is bound to get +into bad odour. The linesman is closely connected +with the referee in every way, although his duties +are not really arduous. In reality, he has simply +to follow the ball up the field, give his decision +as to whether the sphere has gone over the lines, +and to say which side should have the benefit, and +whether a corner kick should be given or not.</p> + +<p>Of recent years the penalty kick has often been +a great trouble to the referee, and should a man be +forgiven for overlooking a certain foul it must be +decided by the opinion of the man on the line. +The penalty kick is probably the most difficult +point the referee of to-day has to deal with, and he +should give it instantly with the courage of his +convictions, and even if the decisions of his linesmen +are different. Quickness and decision are +what is really wanted in a referee.</p> + +<p>Just a word or two to the spectators. They +should not judge quickly or harshly, and should +always recognise that it is one man that must decide, +rightly or wrongly. They must not overlook +the fact that he has got to do so on the spur of +the moment, and that he has no time for reflection. +Whilst dwelling on the subject of referees, it is a +matter of regret that many players do not take any<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[Pg 53]</a></span> +interest in junior circles, where their personality +would command respect. The boy of to-day, knowing +that a certain International is going to officiate +in the game he is taking part in, will play much +better than if Tom, Dick, or Harry had the control, +a fact which proves for itself that personality is a +great thing in the "Knight of the Whistle." John +Lewis, of Blackburn, has been crowned King of +Referees, and undoubtedly this was greatly due to +his personality on the field. The player knew he +could take no liberties whatever, and when a warning +was once given it was given so that the player +was sure that his next act of disobedience would +ensure for him his marching order off the field, +and that later he would be dealt with by the F.A. +Mr. Lewis always let the player know when he had +gone too far in any way, and afterwards it was for +a player to see that it did not occur again. It is +a pity that more first-class players, when they have +finished their playing career, do not follow it up +by becoming referees. Referees of the class of +Major Marindin, J. C. Clegg, J. J. Bentley, and +many others, are badly wanted in the football of +to-day. I might appeal to the older players to +take a greater interest in the beginners than they +are doing at the present time. They should remember +the days when they were young and the +interest taken in them by their elders, who used +to go out of their way to encourage them in their +sport, and endeavour to do to-day what was done +for them years ago. Junior referees are badly +wanted, especially men of a reputation that is well +respected. I, even in my little way, refereeing<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[Pg 54]</a></span> +last year, found my name and fame as a Cup-holder +and International was a great recommendation, +and called for the respect that is really due to +worthy officials. If this appeals to any player it is +easy for him to become a referee by applying to his +local association. The biggest bugbear that the +referee has to contend with is the penalty and offside +restrictions. To the uninitiated the offside rule +appears quite simple, but to the referee it is the most +difficult problem he has got to overcome during +the course of the day. His eye is always on the +ball, and whilst following it up quickly he is naturally +inclined to miss some point which appeals to +the onlookers, every one of whom considers himself +a critic. The penalty kick plays an important +part in the game of to-day, and this particular +point requires instant decision, consequently the +referee needs to be a man with good judgment, and +one who is not to be deterred by criticism, whether +it be by players, spectators, or directors.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_IX" id="CHAPTER_IX"></a>CHAPTER IX.<br /> +<br /> +Football as a Profession.</h2> + + +<p>There are many young fellows who are inclined +to take up football as a profession, and to these the +writer would say, "Count well the cost before you +do it." I have spoken to many players, and few<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[Pg 55]</a></span> +would let their boys take football up as the serious +business of life. It is easy to start; any club that has +paid players will give you a trial, and if you are +capable will sign you on at perhaps a few shillings +up to a pound a week. The objections are that +the career is very short, and may be interrupted or +terminated by an accident at any time, and then +if you are not master of a trade you are practically +ruined. When boys used to come to me and tell +me of their wish to join the 'Spurs I always tried +to get them to learn some trade first and be master +of it, so when necessary they could fall back upon +it. This provision for the future is necessary, because +you may begin your paid career at seventeen +or eighteen, before you have learned a trade, and +play on till you are twenty-eight or thirty, +and then find you are too old to begin to do so. +I have known a number who had made no preparation +for the future, and in some cases they are +starving. It is one of the painful duties of a secretary's +life to have to hear of appeals for help from +veterans who have neglected to acquire some trade +before taking up football. No club ought to be +allowed, for the credit of the game, to sign on +any players until they have given evidence that they +have a marketable knowledge of some trade or profession. +As I have said, many think £4 a week +is a nice income; so it is, but how many get it, +and how many years does it last? It may be that +in the near future you may get as much as you can +out of a club, but even then only a very few of the +thousands of paid players will get more than +they do now. Many a youth, talking of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[Pg 56]</a></span> +matter, has been under the impression that +all professionals get the £4 per week. That +is not so. Many of the smaller clubs cannot +afford to pay it. There are many who never get +beyond 50s. per week. No doubt the organisation +of school games has had a great deal to do with +turning the attention of promising lads at school +to football as a career. It is true that one out of +a thousand schoolboy players may get signed on, +but I hardly know of half a dozen. Hundreds of +young men apply to clubs for a trial, and are soon +convinced that they have not skill enough, but +those few who are lucky should weigh the matter +seriously. I know there are many who may argue +that they can, after their playing days are over, +get a position as trainer or manager to some club. +Such a place as I had, for instance, for many +years, but, like everything else nowadays, there are +only a very limited number of these positions, +while there are scores of applicants for them, and +for every vacancy to be filled there are generally +one or two who have very strong backing, and +there is little chance for the outsider. Others have +often pointed out to me that after a certain number +of years they will be entitled to a benefit. This is +quite correct, but even if the benefit comes off +how much does it bring in? I should fancy that an +average benefit does not give more than £300 or +£400—indeed, a footballer is considered very lucky +if the match that he has chosen brings him £150. +I have known a great many that have brought in +less. Mr. J. J. Bentley, who is now the President +of the Football League, once wrote an article on<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[Pg 57]</a></span> +"Football Finance," in which he stated that "not +more than six professional clubs were solvent," and +he asked the pertinent question: "If only six of the +leading clubs can make it pay on a really lucrative +scale, what is to become of the game?" By the +game he doubtless means the professional part of +it. Fourteen years have passed away, but I very +much doubt if the situation is altered now. A few +clubs, a very few, make a profit on their year's +working. The majority show a deficit which annually +becomes larger. For a time collapse is +avoided by the bazaar or by turning the club into +a limited liability company, but these are only temporary +reliefs, and the fact remains that in most +clubs either the expenses of management or the +salaries of the players are larger than the receipts +permit, and sometimes the clubs go under. +Another important point for the would-be "pro." +is the question of temperament. You must have +exceptional qualities of a personal character. +If you cannot take hard knocks as well as +give them, and if you cannot control your temper, +you are not likely to be successful. The day of +the blackguardly dirty player is over, and the man +with brain as well as brawn is needed for this +work. Education makes all the difference, and the +incoming professionals will have to be men of considerable +culture. Neither is there any chance for +the fellow who cannot control his appetite in the +matter of strong drink. There arise before us +sad and mournful pictures of men whose names +have been "familiar as a household word," but +whose sun has set years before it should have done,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[Pg 58]</a></span> +owing to the fact that they soaked in beer. Some +I have seen at the Palace in the Cup Final, the +heroes of the day; apparently the world was at their +feet. The next time one set eyes on them it was +difficult to recognise in the battered specimen of +humanity that stood before you the sprightly player +of former days. The contrast is painful, but often, +very often, has greeted my eyes.</p> + +<p>"No," said a great Southern League captain to +me, "my boys shall never be paid footballers, +but they must learn a trade. The prospects are +not pleasing enough." No, it is far better, unless +you have superlative talents, to take to some other +calling. It is only a small proportion who make +their mark in professional football.</p> + +<p>Some may make a better thing out of it if they +are paid cricketers, for they will have wages for +both games. But here again the area is limited, +though the pay is good. It is not necessary to be +a professional player to gain the highest honours. +Take England's captain, V. J. Woodward; he is +an architect, but from the first day I saw him there +was great ability, and it was bound to come out. +So with many other amateurs who have come to +the front. They have succeeded because they had +skill, but also because they kept in good condition +owing to their ordinary work, which was well done. +To boys I say stick to your job, and having worked +well go and play your best. But leave professionalism +out of the business.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[Pg 59]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_X" id="CHAPTER_X"></a>CHAPTER X.<br /> +<br /> +Continental Football: Its Growth and +Possible Developments.</h2> + + +<p>Football on the Continent is undoubtedly +developing greatly, and a great deal of credit is +due to the enterprise of the English and Scottish +clubs. I have played in France, Germany, and +Austria, and the enthusiasm displayed by the +players and spectators holds forth great hopes of +the game becoming as popular on the other side +of the Channel as it is here. It is a few years ago +since I last played there, and since then great +developments have taken place, such as International +matches with English and foreign sides. +Practically the results have always been in our +favour, but gradually the margin in the goals is +becoming less. It will take many years yet before +we can expect the Continentals to be able to give +our English teams a real good game. However, +the outlook is very rosy, as the enthusiasm is becoming +greater week by week and year after year. +The British elevens who used to visit the Continent +were inclined to look upon it as a holiday trip. +But after seeing the good done by these visits they +have played more earnestly than hitherto.</p> + +<p>While playing in Austria, I was greatly im<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[Pg 60]</a></span>pressed +with the spirit of our opponents. They +were keen enough to learn, and wished to know +precisely how the game was played. The captain +of the native team (by the way, he could speak +English) came to our captain and requested him to +play the game as it should be played, and get as +many goals as we could and not toy with them. +We won by at least double figures, but at the finish +of the match they called for three cheers for us, +and of course we naturally responded. This is +the spirit that prevails from my little knowledge of +foreign football, and if it is continued there can +be no doubt that at a future date they will be able +to challenge any English or Scottish teams, and +would give them a good game. It is rather +awkward not knowing the language when playing +on the Continent, as often times one would like to +know exactly why such a decision was given. It +has often had its ludicrous side, and I have often +smiled at the broad Scotchman trying to explain +something to a German without any success.</p> + +<p>Refereeing is probably the point that wants +more cultivating than even playing, and any +amount of games have been spoiled by an official +coming on to the field, not following the ball, and +giving his decisions autocratically. He was generally +dressed immaculately, and did not dream of following +the run of play, and in many cases he has spoiled +what would have been a good game. It is to be +regretted that there have been some scenes on the +Continent reminiscent of some of our outbreaks on +home grounds. In one way this is certainly deplorable, +but in another it shows that the game is<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[Pg 61]</a></span> +catching on on the Continent, the players showing +a better appreciation of the rules, just as they are +able to follow the rules of the game; and now what +is wanted is an Association in every country just +like the F.A. in England. The International games +to be played at the Stadium this year have shown +the decided taste of other countries for all kinds of +sports that are played here, and as the matter now +stands Great Britain should certainly come out +first, but it is a matter of great speculation +whether Sweden, Germany, Italy, France, or +Austria will finish second. The countries mentioned +are most enthusiastic about it, and great +credit must be given to the F.A. for the magnificent +sum they have contributed towards the +entertainments of the visitors. In South Africa +the game has been played longer than in any +country outside the British Isles. The competition +there is known as the Donald Currie Cup, +and it is nothing unusual for a team to travel +a thousand miles to take part in this competition. +In conversation the other day with a player who +has played a great deal there, he said the English +footballer of to-day could not do well there, for +the travelling on the rough roads and the hard +ground would be quite unlike anything they experience +in England. Argentina is a great many +miles away, but the game there is also developing +rapidly. It is only three years ago since +Southampton undertook the long voyage and had +a most enjoyable time. It must be said that they +astonished the natives, but this missionary effort +by one of the leading clubs in the country is<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[Pg 62]</a></span> +making the game popular all over the world. +The Corinthians, too, have done a great deal in +this way. They have been to Africa, and practically +all over the world, and wherever they have +been they have given an excellent exposition of how +the game should be played. In South Africa +they had perhaps to play with more vigour, +the ground being as hard as asphalte, and the +trying conditions affecting the play, but they nearly +always came out top. France is stronger in Rugby +than in Association Football, but the International +matches between the two countries make the latter +more popular with the public. The season in +many countries on the Continent is about half as +long as ours, and this makes all the difference to +them, but it will be a long time before any Continental +country will be able to claim supremacy.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XI" id="CHAPTER_XI"></a>CHAPTER XI.<br /> +<br /> +Football Reform.</h2> + + +<p>Has Association Football reached its zenith? +"Certainly not," is the reply I invariably give to +any enthusiast or cynic who asks me the question. +Remember, there are a good many reforms that +must be made, for a game must keep up its position +and also retain its popularity with the masses, +who are the mainstay of football. As I have al<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[Pg 63]</a></span>ready +remarked, I have a great respect for the F.A., +and they have a great deal to do with the game +which is recognised now as the game of the +country. It is much easier to criticise than to +legislate, and much of the work done by these associations +does not get the credit it deserves. Facts +are stubborn things, and when my old club, +Tottenham Hotspur, played in the English Cup +Final, at the Crystal Palace, in April, before a +record crowd of 114,000, it was said that these +figures would never be beaten. It certainly has +not been done in England, although it has been +very nearly approached, but last April, at Hampden +Park, it was overshadowed by 20,000 more onlookers. +Cricket has had an infinitely longer +innings than football, but I can see no just reason +nor impediment why football, especially Association, +should not go on for at least the lifetime of the +present generation. The majority of sports, such +as cycling, running, etc., have died through the +want of proper management, and sports as a whole +should be controlled by an Association of Amateurs +in the proper sense of the word. Probably it is +not known to many of my readers that the F.A., +to save the game from falling into the hands of a +speculator, have restricted the dividends to be +paid to any club to 5 per cent. By the way, this +rule does not apply to Scotland, but before long +I hope they will follow in the steps of their English +brethren. Again, to show how pure professional +clubs are, directors, whether they be five or fifteen, +are not entitled to draw any money from the club, +and this shows that the real sportsmanlike spirit<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[Pg 64]</a></span> +prevails at the helm of professional football, and +certainly no reform in this way is desired or required. +Rumours of a National League are quite +rife in the air, but on going into the matter, I +hardly see any desirability for the idea bearing +fruit. For one reason, if it did come off it would +become very speculative, and, like the big trusts in +America have done, do much damage to the smaller +tradesmen. Even look at the possibility of such +a great league when one comes to deal with the +matter thoroughly from a geographical point of +view, and I have spent many hours in endeavouring +to see how such a league could become workable. +Rivalry in football is one of its biggest +assets, and in this way I should like to see the +big Southern clubs formed into a Southern +League and the Northern clubs into a Northern +League, and the two top clubs of each League +to fight out the question of supremacy. As I have +already stated, I consider that the present governing +body of Association football is admirably constituted, +and it will be a sorry day for the game if +the leading clubs rebel. At the same time, systems +are rarely if ever perfect, so I should like to make +a few suggestions upon the following points:</p> + +<ol> +<li>The transfer system.</li> + +<li>The wage limit.</li> + +<li>Neutral referees should be appointed by an +independent body of the Association.</li></ol> + +<p>Dealing firstly with the transfer system, I think +it is iniquitous, and when the Players' Union was +first formed this was one of the burning questions<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[Pg 65]</a></span> +of the day. I fought the matter out strenuously, +because at that time the rules of the F.A. were +contrary to the League. As secretary I appealed +to the F.A., and expected great things, but instead +of compelling the League to bring its laws +into line, the Association altered its own +to correspond with those of the League. +Looking at this from a broad point of view, +it is hard on a player who has cost his club +nothing, but has signed on for a year. At the +end of that season he is free, and his old club can +put an astonishing large sum on his head. This is +hardly in accordance with English love of fair +play, and is probably one of the few blots on +the game. I am looking forward to the day when +this system shall be abolished, and the player shall +be a man, not a slave. Of course, if a club gets a +large transfer for a player, then in one way it +should have some compensation if he leaves them, +but in some cases a young fellow goes elsewhere +and they get more out of his transfer fees than +they ever paid him in wages. It must be admitted +that things at the present day are infinitely better +than they were some years ago. The player has +the right of a special appeal to a Committee of the +League, and the amount asked for players' transfers +has been greatly reduced. Still, I think that +his club should keep him until his transfer is +settled. Talking about the old Players' Union, it +reminds me that at one meeting we had, a player +stated that if a club had a horse they wanted to +part with, some one would have to find the horse +in fodder until the negotiations were finished. A<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[Pg 66]</a></span> +player is during that time between the devil and the +deep blue sea, and has to entirely support himself +during that period, and I have known many excellent +players give up the game for this reason.</p> + +<p>Turning next to the question of the limit wage +of £4 per week for any professional, there are a +great many pros and cons in this case, and once +again I think there is a certain amount of room +for improvement. Should the abolition of the +transfer system become law, ere long the wage +limit will have to be most seriously considered. +The clubs themselves have the power to alter it at +any annual meeting of the F.A. They brought +it upon themselves to a certain extent, for at the +general meeting it is the clubs that settle such +points as these. It cannot be denied that much of +the levelling of the clubs in recent years must be +attributed greatly to this rule. Whether it has +been for the good of the game is another question, +but often a player knows that if he plays an +ordinary game he can always secure £4 per week. +He has no monetary incentive to improve himself, +and this is perhaps the reason why "star artists" +do not come to the front more frequently. Last +year the F.A. raised the fee for playing in an International +game from three guineas to ten, which, to +my mind, was a step in the right direction, +although the player should consider the honour of +playing for his country above any mercenary +reason. Again, if a professional footballer could +have such a long connection with the game as a +professional cricketer, a wage of £4 per week +would not be so bad, but as his career is a short<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[Pg 67]</a></span> +one, no time can be depended upon. This should +be well weighed by the administrators who look +after the interests of the players. I should like to +see the control of the game, as far as the appointment +of referees and linesmen is concerned, +left to an independent body to be appointed by the +F.A., who will give the appointments without +favour. It may be rather a tall order just at present, +but the suggestion is worthy of consideration. +Should an official who wears glasses referee in +a first-class match? is a question which is greatly +discussed throughout the land. After talking the +matter over with an old player, my opinion is that +if a player can play the game in glasses surely he +can follow the ball as a referee. An old player +who was in conversation with me the other day +was exceedingly bitter on the question, and I +should really think that if the matter was put +strongly before the F.A., sanction would be given +to an old player to follow his favourite game +in the capacity of referee. Whilst speaking +about referees, I should like to see the Association +give him power to order a man off the field +for a foul without having to report him to the +parent body. The punishment to the club by +losing him would be quite sufficient, and we may +be sure they would not deal with him very lightly.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[Pg 68]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XII" id="CHAPTER_XII"></a>CHAPTER XII.<br /> +<br /> +Present-Day Football.</h2> + + +<p>There are not wanting signs that football has not +yet finished expanding. Every season sees more +clubs in villages as well as in towns, and the +County Associations also report a numerical increase. +But whether or not there will be a sharper +dividing line between amateur and professional is +difficult to say. It may be that before long we +shall have one authority for the amateur game and +another for the professional. It must not be forgotten +that there are tens of thousands of the one +class, but only a few of the other. But the paid +player, by reason of the leisure he has, shows the +highest skill, and in that way has inspired the +unpaid with a higher ideal of play, and it is a +favourite contention of many that the best game +is that played by the professional clubs. The +junior who goes to see Aston Villa, Chelsea, Manchester +United, or Newcastle is impressed by the +play, and makes up his mind to try and put into +practice what he has seen. It is good for the boy +to go and see players of the highest skill, and if +the ordinary club member would do this occasionally +the average standard of play would be higher. +A boy who is an enthusiastic right back, and is<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[Pg 69]</a></span> +anxious to play in that position, can hardly do +better than go and watch Robert Crompton, the +famous right back of the Blackburn Rovers. He +is an example of what our elementary schools produce. +As a lad he took part in the game at Moss +Street Board School, an institution that had produced +a side that had carried off the trophy offered +to the schools. When at work as a plumber he +played in the League team of a Sunday school, and +when engaged one day was seen by Mr. John +Lewis, who got him to play for the Rovers. For +some couple of years he remained an amateur, but +then became a professional. He became captain +in 1899, and has several International "caps." +He uses his head, and tries to anticipate the intentions +of his opponent. He kicks with either foot +with great power, and is a clean player. He follows +the ball rather than the man. He is an excellent +example of the man who, taking to football, has +found it possible to stick to his trade as well.</p> + +<p>Another player is James Sharp, who is a splendid +outside right. In him you have a reminder that +skill may make up for lack of inches. He is only +5 ft. 7 in., but he is one of the men who have +worked hard to attain their position and also to +keep it. He can dribble well, feint, pass, shoot, +and yet keep control of the ball. He came from +Hereford, where he was a member of the local +club, and after two seasons went to Everton. In +his every action you can see the man who plays for +his club. He is determined and strong, given to +making the most of an opportunity. It is difficult +for the adversary to know what he is going to do.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[Pg 70]</a></span> +Here is the ideal all-round sportsman. Little +wonder he has succeeded so well on the cricket +field. He is not content to excel in one department. +Once we thought he would become a great +fast bowler, then he began to progress as a batsman, +and at the moment of writing has concluded +a great season for his adopted county, whose fortunes +have been very low. He, too, is in business, +and life for him is truly strenuous, as his play is. +We could do with more player-workers of this +modest young man's type.</p> + +<p>And if you come to the front line watch V. J. +Woodward, our leading gentleman player. The +son of an architect living in a house that overlooks +the Oval, he learned his game at a school at +Clacton, and then resided at Chelmsford, where +one day a director of the 'Spurs, happening to +know that a match was being played in the County +Cup Competition, thought he would have a look, +and did so. He was struck with the skill of +Vivian J. Woodward as a centre forward, and as +the result of a chat he was got to play for Tottenham +Hotspur. This was some six years ago. +He at once made his mark, and no man was +ever so loved by professionals. No fairer player +ever stepped on to the field. Note his clean, +delightful runs, how unselfish he is; indeed, it was +freely reported that he was left out of a series of +Internationals because he showed so much consideration +for his partners. What a glorious +tribute to the sportsmanship of the man! Yes, for +clean, clever, aye, cultured forward play, watch +V. J. Woodward, who can only get away on Satur<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[Pg 71]</a></span>days +because he earns his living. He is a grand +wicketkeeper and cricket captain who has not the +time for county games. And he is a genuine +amateur—no riding third class and charging +first. He is an honourable performer, who +looks to all to play a clean game, and expects +the referee to see they do. If such amateurs are to +be driven out of the Soccer game by "money-making +limited liability companies" and their +unending squabbles, it will be a bad day for sport. +You can still see Needham, old, I suppose, as +players go. What a strategist he is. His play is +that of the man who loves the game; he can still +tackle, pass, defend, and shoot as finely as of old. +Of goalkeepers, one can see many. Ashcroft; Sutcliffe; +Lunn, of Wolverhampton; Hardy, of Liverpool; +Maskery, of Derby County, are all good. +There are many misconceptions about the game, +and most people think that the referee is compelled +to use a whistle. But if you read the laws +of the game or the directions to referees, you find +that nowhere is he instructed to use a whistle. +The word is "signal," but it might be by a +trumpet, or a motion of the hands or arms. When +the referee "signals," by whistle or otherwise, at +the commencement of the game, it means that he +is ready and the players can start as soon as they +like, but the period of play is counted from the +actual kick. The offside rule is very difficult for +the spectator; talk to them, and they will tell you +confidently that no player can be offside if he has +three of the opposition in front of him, that is, +nearer to their own goal. Yet, as Mr. William<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[Pg 72]</a></span> +Pickford has pointed out, a player could be offside +with eleven opponents in front of him. It is +not likely, but it could happen. If a player has +not three opponents in front of him when the ball +was last played by one of his own side, who was +behind him, he is offside, and he remains so till +someone else plays the ball, and if in the interval +the rest of the team ran back on goal he would still +be offside.</p> + +<p>Again, what is an amateur? Well, conscience +will decide in the light of the rule. He must not +receive remuneration or consideration of any sort +above his necessary hotel expenses and travelling +expenses actually paid. The men who pay for +their sport are getting fewer and fewer. It is a +pity. But on these and many other points you +can obtain valuable booklets from the F.A., 104, +High Holborn, London, W.C. They publish +also a referees' chart, with the interpretation that +is officially put upon many rules. They are mines +of useful information for those who know but little +of the game.</p> + +<p>It would seem as if the game is rapidly spreading +on the Continent, and every country takes up +the sport save Turkey and Russia. England is +the mentor, and the Football Association have +a great work. It may be that the love of sport will +so grow that ere many years are over we shall see +several European teams competing here year by +year. In the early stages of the development the +game will be amateur, but later on will come the +paid player. One writer says, "No money, no +first-class football." This is rubbish; it is much<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[Pg 73]</a></span> +to be regretted, such a sentiment, for we can get +the highest skill from those who play for the love +of the game. The giants of the past who created +the present demand were unpaid, and the future +will still produce those who will not play for gold.</p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="CHAPTER_XIII" id="CHAPTER_XIII"></a>CHAPTER XIII.<br /> +<br /> +A Few Famous Cup-Ties.</h2> + + +<p>The English Cup is probably a bigger attraction +to a footballer than any other. To a Scottish +footballer his International cap against England +is to achieve the height of his ambition, but somehow +in England, to participate in the final at the +Crystal Palace in April is the heart's desire of the +average player. There is a glamour surrounding +the English Cup Competition that nothing else can +compare with.</p> + +<p>I well remember when the Scottish clubs were +entitled to enter into the arena, and such great +clubs as Queen's Park, Glasgow Rangers, Cowlairs, +Heart of Midlothian entering in the lists +against the best clubs that prevailed at the time +in England. Queen's Park, still the premier +amateur club in Scotland, also the Heart of Midlothian, +made history in this competition, but the +first-named must be given the laurels.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span></p> + +<p>There are still many old players in Scotland who +maintain that in the first year, when they were +beaten by Blackburn Rovers, the result should +have gone the other way. As it was before my +day I cannot, naturally, go into the matter as thoroughly +as I should desire, but when such players +as Messrs. Smellie and Campbell have assured me +that they should have had the victory, I rather feel +inclined to believe their statement. Queen's Park, +as already stated, were for many years the greatest +club in Scotland, and they played the game for +the love of it, for when in the two finals which +were played at the Oval most of their members +had to travel overnight to play on the following +day, which speaks for itself. A great deal has +been said, as well as written, about this matter, +and it is often asked if the "Queens" deserved +to win.</p> + +<p>Perhaps the finest Cup-tie that has been seen at +the Palace was the meeting of Everton and Aston +Villa in 1897. I had thought at one time to participate +in this final, but after playing three rounds +I got knocked out, and was unable to play. I +must say that my substitute at centre forward did +exceedingly well, and I could not grumble in any +way at being left out. The ordinary London man +will always remember this match, when the Villa +eventually finished winners by three goals to two. +I followed it very keenly, and in one way my sympathy +went to the losers, because there was little or +nothing to choose between them.</p> + +<p>Coming to Southern clubs, probably Southampton +have been the most disappointed club that has<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[Pg 75]</a></span> +come into the list, especially through their great +Cup-tie with Notts Forest, at the Crystal Palace, in +the semi-final of the Cup. A great amount of +correspondence was entered into at the time, and +everybody really admitted that they were most unlucky +to be beaten at the last minute in a blinding +snowstorm. Many people will remember how this +tie was stopped in the middle of the game, and +after resuming it with only a few minutes before +the finish the result was a draw. At almost the +last moment Notts Forest broke away and scored a +goal which many people considered should never +have been allowed, simply because they did not +see it. The snowstorm was heavier than when the +referee stopped the game earlier on, but he allowed +it to go on because he expected the game +would result in a draw. Whether this is correct +or not I cannot say, but the fact remains that the +good people of Southampton still maintain that +they had not their dues on that day.</p> + +<p>Something has been written of late about a goalkeeper +letting his side down in a final tie, but I +cannot believe that any player, whether goalkeeper +or forward, could or would let his side down.</p> + +<p>I do not care to enter into the year when my old +club, Tottenham Hotspur, won the Cup, but one +of the biggest officials in the Football Association +came along to compliment me, and said that my +side gave the best display of football since Aston +Villa won the Cup—indeed, he implied that it was +even better than that given by the Villa, which +compliment I naturally appreciated. It was indeed +a great day at the Palace, and I do not propose to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[Pg 76]</a></span> +dwell upon the goal allowed by Mr. Kingscott to +our opponents. Our players were sure that the ball +had not crossed the line, but as we won on the replay +at Bolton everything was forgiven and forgotten.</p> + +<p>Another great match in the early days was at +Manchester, between Everton and Wolverhampton +Wanderers. Everton, the previous Saturday, had +sent a reserve team to Wolverhampton. They +won quite easily. I cannot say what the score was, +but it was four or five goals to nothing. In the +final at Manchester, Everton were eventually +beaten by a long shot in the early part of the game. +There was no doubting their superior skill, but +this result simply proved that cup-tie football is +quite different from league football.</p> + +<p>There are two clubs in the South that have +brought Southern football to the front: Southampton +and Tottenham Hotspur. To the latter all +due credit must be given for winning the Cup, but +the "Saints," as they are called, have done equally +as good work as the 'Spurs. They were really the +pioneers of professional football in the Southern +League, and when one considers they were in the +final in 1900, and again in 1902, when they were +beaten by Sheffield United after a drawn game, it +reflects great credit upon them. They do not +receive the credit they deserve from their own supporters, +and the severance of two of their +best local players in 1906 was a severe handicap +to the team. By the way, they were both born +and bred in the district, and caused a great sensation +in the League. Perhaps one of the biggest<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[Pg 77]</a></span> +surprises in the finals of the English Cup was the +great victory of Bury over Derby County. The +former won by six goals to nothing, but this was +entirely due to Fryer being far from fit to play and +letting the first three goals go past him. If his +knee had been all right it would never have happened.</p> + +<p>My old friend, Charlie Campbell, often talks of +his old Cup-tie experiences, and sometimes has referred +to the meetings of his old club, Queen's +Park, with Notts Forest and Blackburn Rovers. In +my early days Mr. Campbell was to my mind +quite a hero. He would go out of his way to +advise and encourage juniors, and much of my +success at Queen's Park and Everton was due to +the advice which he gave me in those days. Talking +about Tottenham Hotspur in the year they won +the Cup, practically the best victory was over +Bury, who were the holders of the "Little Pot" +at that time. There was more enthusiasm shown +over that match than I consider has been seen +during any other Cup-tie that I have ever +played in. The game was fought in a proper +spirit, and when Bury scored in the first few +minutes it was thought that all was over regarding +Tottenham's chances. However, we got exceedingly +well together, and won by two goals to one, +amidst the greatest enthusiasm. It outshone the +reception after the Bolton match, our victory over +Reading, and all other great games the 'Spurs +have distinguished themselves in. It is not for +me to dwell upon the great reception the 'Spurs +had on their return from Bolton. The only regret<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[Pg 78]</a></span> +is that they have not won the Cup again, nor has +another Southern club had that honour. Southampton, +as well as the 'Spurs, have done much to uphold +the prestige of the South in the Cup, and it +now behoves the other clubs to gird themselves for +the fray, and demonstrate that Southern football +is quite capable of holding its own against the +North. The winning of the Cup by a Southern +club next April would be the best possible proof of +this.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[Pg 79]</a></span></p> + + + +<hr style="width: 65%;" /> +<h2><a name="LAWS_OF_THE_GAME" id="LAWS_OF_THE_GAME"></a>LAWS OF THE GAME.</h2> + + +<h3>Number of Players.—Field of Play.—The Ball.</h3> + +<p>1. The game should be played by eleven players on +each side. The dimensions of the field of play shall +be—maximum length, 130 yards; minimum length, 100 +yards; maximum breadth, 100 yards; minimum breadth, +50 yards. The field of play shall be marked by boundary +lines. The lines at each end are the goal lines, and the +lines at the side are the touch lines. The touch lines +shall be drawn at right angles with the goal lines<a name="FNanchor_A_1" id="FNanchor_A_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_A_1" class="fnanchor">[A]</a>. +A flag with a staff not less than five feet high shall be +placed at each corner. A half-way line shall be marked +out across the field of play. The centre of the field +of play shall be indicated by a suitable mark, and a +circle with ten yards' radius shall be made round it. +The goals shall be upright posts fixed on the goal lines, +equi-distant from the corner flagstaffs, eight yards +apart, with the bar across them eight feet from the +ground. The maximum width of the goal posts and +the maximum depth of the crossbar shall be five inches. +Lines shall be marked six yards from each goal post at +right angles to the goal lines for a distance of six yards, +and these shall be connected with each other by a line +parallel to the goal lines; the space within these lines +shall be the goal area. Lines shall be marked eighteen +yards from each goal post at right angles to the goal +lines for a distance of eighteen yards, and these shall +be connected with each other by a line parallel to the +goal lines; the space within these lines shall be the +penalty area. A suitable mark shall be made opposite +the centre of each goal twelve yards from the goal +line; this shall be the penalty kick mark. The circum<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[Pg 80]</a></span>ference +of the ball shall not be less than twenty-seven +inches nor more than twenty-eight. The outer casing +must be of leather, and no material shall be used in the +construction of the ball which would constitute a danger +to the players. In International matches the dimensions +of the field of play shall be—maximum length, 120 +yards; minimum length, 110 yards; maximum breadth, +80 yards; minimum breadth, 70 yards; and at the commencement +of the game the weight of the ball shall be +from thirteen to fifteen ounces.</p> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A_1" id="Footnote_A_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A_1"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> (The touch and goal lines must not be marked by +a V-shaped rut.)</p></div> + + +<h3>Duration of Play.—Choice of Goals.—The Kick-off.</h3> + +<p>2. The duration of the game shall be ninety minutes, +unless otherwise mutually agreed upon. The winners +of the toss shall have the option of kick-off or choice of +goals. The game shall be commenced by a place kick +from the centre of the field of play in the direction +of the opponents' goal line; the opponents shall not +approach within ten yards of the ball until it is kicked +off, nor shall any player on either side pass the centre of +the ground in the direction of his opponents' goal until +the ball is kicked off.</p> + +<p>(If this law is not complied with the kick-off must be +taken over again.)</p> + + +<h3>Changing Ends.—The Interval.—The Re-start.</h3> + +<p>3. Ends shall only be changed at half-time. The +interval at half-time shall not exceed five minutes, except +by consent of the referee. After the goal is +scored, the losing side shall kick off, and after the +change of ends at half-time, the ball shall be kicked +off by the opposite side from that which originally did +so; and always as provided in Law 2.</p> + + +<h3>How a Goal is Scored.—If Bar is Displaced.—If Ball +Rebounds or Goes Out of Play.</h3> + +<p>4. Except as otherwise provided by these laws a goal +shall be scored when the ball has passed between the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[Pg 81]</a></span> +goal posts under the bar, not being thrown, knocked +on, nor carried by any player of the attacking side. If +from any cause during the progress of the game the bar +is displaced, the referee shall have power to award a +goal if in his opinion the ball would have passed under +the bar if it had not been displaced. The ball is in play +if it rebounds from a goal post, crossbar, or a corner +flagstaff into the field of play. The ball is in play if it +touches the referee or a linesman when in the field of +play. The ball is out of play when it has crossed the +goal line or touch line, either on the ground or in the +air.</p> + +<p>(The whole of the ball must have passed over the +goal line or touch line before it is out of play.)</p> + + +<h3>The Throw-in.</h3> + +<p>5. When the ball is in touch, a player of the opposite +side to that which played it out shall throw it in from +the point on the touch line where it left the field of +play. The player throwing the ball must stand on the +touch line facing the field of play, and shall throw the +ball in over his head with both hands in any direction, +and it shall be in play when thrown in. A goal shall +not be scored from a throw-in, and the thrower shall +not again play until the ball has been played by another +player.</p> + +<p>(This law is complied with if the player has any part +of both feet on the line when he throws the ball in.)</p> + + +<h3>Offside.</h3> + +<p>6. When the player plays the ball, or throws it in +from touch, any player of the same side who at such +moment of playing or throwing in is nearer to his +opponents' goal line is out of play, and may not touch +the ball himself, nor in any way whatever interfere +with an opponent or with the play, until the ball has +been again played, unless there are at such moment of +playing or throwing in at least three of his opponents +nearer their own goal line. A player is not out of play +in the case of a corner kick, or when the ball is kicked<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[Pg 82]</a></span> +off from the goal, or when it has been last played by an +opponent. A player cannot be out of play in his own +half of the ground.</p> + +<p>7. When the ball is played behind the goal line by a +player of the opposite side, it shall be kicked off by any +one of the players behind whose goal line it went, within +that half of the goal area nearest the point where the +ball left the field of play; but if played behind by any +one of the side whose goal line it is, a player of the +opposite side shall kick it within one yard of the nearest +corner flagstaff<a name="FNanchor_B_2" id="FNanchor_B_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_B_2" class="fnanchor">[B]</a>. In either case an opponent shall +not be allowed within six yards of the ball until it is +kicked off.</p> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_B_2" id="Footnote_B_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_B_2"><span class="label">[B]</span></a> (The corner flag must not be removed when a +corner kick is taken.)</p></div> + +<p>8. The goalkeeper may, within his own half of the field +of play, use his hands, but shall not carry the ball. +The goalkeeper shall not be charged except when he +is holding the ball or obstructing an opponent, or when +he has passed outside the goal area. The goalkeeper +may be changed during the game, but notice of such +change must first be given to the referee.</p> + +<p>(If the goalkeeper has been changed without the +referee being notified, and the new goalkeeper shall +handle the ball within the penalty area, a penalty kick +must be awarded.)</p> + +<p>9. Neither tripping, kicking, nor jumping at a player +shall be allowed. A player (the goalkeeper excepted), +shall not intentionally handle the ball under any pretence +whatever. A player shall not use his hands to +hold or push an opponent. Charging is permissible, +but it must not be violent or dangerous. A player shall +not be charged from behind unless he is obstructing an +opponent.</p> + +<p>10. When a free kick has been awarded, the kicker's +opponents shall not approach within six yards of the +ball, unless they are standing on their own goal line. +The ball must at least be rolled over before it shall be +considered played, <i>i.e.</i>, it must make a complete cir<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[Pg 83]</a></span>cuit +or travel the distance of its circumference. The +kicker shall not play the ball a second time until it has +been played by another player. The kick-off (except as +provided by Law 2), corner kick, and goal kick shall be +free kicks within the meaning of the law.</p> + +<p>11. A goal may be scored from a free kick which is +awarded because of any infringement of Law 9, but not +from any other free kick.</p> + +<p>12. A player shall not wear any nails, except such as +have their heads driven in flush with the leather, or +metal plates, or projections, or gutta percha on his boots, +or on his shin guards. If bars or studs on the soles or +heels of the boot are used they shall not project more +than half an inch, and shall have all their fastenings +driven in flush with the leather. Bars shall be transverse +and flat, not less than half an inch in width, and shall +extend from side to side of the boot. Studs shall be +round in plan, not less than half an inch in diameter, +and in no case conical or pointed<a name="FNanchor_C_3" id="FNanchor_C_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_C_3" class="fnanchor">[C]</a>. Any player discovered +infringing this law shall be prohibited from +taking further part in the match. The referee shall, if +required, examine the players' boots before the commencement +of a match.</p> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_C_3" id="Footnote_C_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_C_3"><span class="label">[C]</span></a> (Wearing soft india rubber on the soles of boots +is not a violation of this law.)</p></div> + +<p>13. A referee shall be appointed, whose duties shall +be to enforce the laws and decide all disputed points; +and his decision on points of fact connected with the +game shall be final. He shall also keep a record of the +game and act as timekeeper. In the event of any ungentlemanly +play on the part of the players the offender, +or offenders, shall be cautioned, and if further offence +is committed, or in case of violent conduct, without any +previous caution the referee shall have power to order +the offending player off the field of play, and shall transmit +the name or names of such player or players to his +or their National Association, who shall deal with the +matter. The referee shall have power to allow for time +wasted, to suspend the game when he thinks fit, and to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[Pg 84]</a></span> +terminate the game whenever by reason of darkness, +interference by spectators, or other cause he may deem +necessary. But in all cases in which a game is terminated +he shall report the same to the Association under +whose jurisdiction the game was played, who shall have +full power to deal with the matter. The referee shall +have power to award a free kick in any case in which +he thinks the conduct of a player dangerous, but not +sufficiently so as to justify him in putting in force the +greater powers vested in him. The power of the referee +extends to offences committed when the play has been +temporarily suspended and when the ball is out of play.</p> + +<p>(Persistent infringement of any of the laws of the game +is ungentlemanly conduct within the meaning of this +law. All reports by referees to be made within three +days after the occurrence (Sundays not included), and +reports will be deemed to be made when received in the +ordinary course of post.)</p> + +<p>14. Two linesmen shall be appointed, whose duty +(subject to the decision of the referee) shall be to decide +when the ball is out of play, and which side is entitled +to the corner kick, goal kick, or throw-in; and to assist +the referee in carrying out the game in accordance with +the laws<a name="FNanchor_D_4" id="FNanchor_D_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_D_4" class="fnanchor">[D]</a>. In the event of any undue interference or +improper conduct by a linesman the referee shall have +power to order him off the field of play and appoint a +substitute, and report the circumstances to the National +Association having jurisdiction over him, who shall +deal with the matter.</p> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_D_4" id="Footnote_D_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_D_4"><span class="label">[D]</span></a> (Linesmen where neutral should call the attention +of the referee to rough or ungentlemanly conduct, and +generally assist him to carry out the game in a proper +manner.)</p></div> + +<p>15. In the event of a supposed infringement of the +laws the ball shall be in play until a decision has been +given.</p> + +<p>16. In the event of any temporary suspension of play +from any cause, the ball not having gone into touch or +behind the goal line, the referee shall throw it down<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[Pg 85]</a></span> +where it was when play was suspended, and the ball +shall be in play when it has touched the ground. If +the ball goes into touch or behind the goal line before +it is played by a player, the referee shall again throw it +down. The players on either side shall not play the +ball until it has touched the ground.</p> + +<p>17. In the event of any infringement of Laws 5, 6, +8, 10, or 16, or of a player being sent off the field under +Law 13, a free kick shall be awarded to the opposite +side from the place where the infringement occurred. +In the event of any intentional infringement of Law 9 +outside the penalty area or by the attacking side within +the penalty area, a free kick shall be awarded to the +opposite side from the place where the infringement +occurred. In the event of any intentional infringement +of Law 9 by the defending side within the penalty area, +the referee shall award the opponents a penalty kick<a name="FNanchor_E_5" id="FNanchor_E_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_E_5" class="fnanchor">[E]</a>, +which shall be taken from the penalty kick mark under +the following conditions:—</p> + +<p>All players, with the exception of the player +taking the penalty kick and the opponents' goalkeeper, +shall be outside the penalty area. The +opponents' goalkeeper shall not advance beyond his goal +line. The ball must be kicked forward. The ball shall +be in play when the kick is taken, and a goal may be +scored from a penalty kick; but the ball shall not be +again played by the kicker until it has been played by +another player. If necessary, time of play shall be extended +to admit of the penalty kick being taken. A +free kick also shall be awarded to the opposite side if +the ball is not kicked forward or is played a second +time by the player who takes the penalty kick until it +has been played by another player. The referee may +refrain from putting the provisions of this law into +effect in cases where he is satisfied that by enforcing +them he would be giving an advantage to the offending +side. If, when a penalty kick is being taken, the ball +passes between the goal posts under the bar, a goal +shall not be nullified by reason of any infringement by +the defending side.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[Pg 86]</a></span></p> + +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_E_5" id="Footnote_E_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_E_5"><span class="label">[E]</span></a> (A penalty kick can be awarded irrespective of +the position of the ball at the time the infringement is +committed. In the event of the ball touching the goalkeeper +before passing between the posts when a +penalty kick is being taken at the expiry of time, a goal +is scored.)</p></div> + + +<h3>Definition of Terms.</h3> + +<p>A place kick is a kick at the ball while it is on the +ground in the field of play.</p> + +<p>A free kick is a kick at the ball in any direction the +player pleases when it is lying on the ground.</p> + +<p>A place kick, a free kick, or a penalty kick must +not be taken until the referee has given a signal for +the same.</p> + +<p>Carrying by the goalkeeper is taking more than two +steps while holding the ball or bouncing it on the hand.</p> + +<p>Knocking on is when a player strikes or propels the +ball with his hands or arms.</p> + +<p>Handling and Tripping—Handling is intentionally +playing the ball with the hand or arm; and tripping is +intentionally throwing, or attempting to throw, an +opponent by the use of the legs, or by stooping in front +of or behind him.</p> + +<p>Holding includes the obstruction of a player by the +hand or any part of the arm extending from the body.</p> + +<p>Touch is that part of the ground on either side of the +field of play.</p> + + +<p class="gap4 center small">WALTER WATTS AND CO., LTD., PRINTERS AND BOOKBINDERS, LEICESTER.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[Pg 87]</a></span></p> + +<div class="figcenter gap4" style="width: 492px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad1.png" width="492" height="185" alt="BOVRIL" title="" /> +<span class="caption">BOVRIL</span> +</div> + +<p style="margin-left:30%;margin-right:30%;">Speedy on the "wing"—strong in +defence—accurate in every shot at +goal—players keep in excellent form +by training on <span class="large"><b>BOVRIL</b></span>.</p> + +<p style="margin-left:50%;margin-right:10%;">And for warding off the colds and +chills to which the spectators are +susceptible <span class="large">BOVRIL</span> has been +found invaluable.</p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> +<table class="bbox" summary=""> +<tr> +<td class="xx-large"><b>ON TOP!</b></td> +<td class="ralign x-large bb"><b>My System is "ON TOP."</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2">This is an accepted fact, acknowledged and guaranteed by the Editors of the +following magazines of Physical Culture:—</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"> + <table style="width:80%;" summary=""> + <tr> + <td><b>"HEALTH & STRENGTH."</b></td> + <td><b>"C. B. FRY'S."</b></td> + </tr> + <tr> + <td><b>"APOLLO'S."</b></td> + <td><b>"VIM."</b></td> + </tr> + </table> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="bb">Also <b>"SUNDAY STRAND,"</b> <b>"METHOD,"</b> and <b>"THE CAPTAIN."</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"><b>C. B. FRY, Esq., England's Premier Athlete</b>, says: "You may try +Mr. Inch's system with every confidence."</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="bb"><b>THE STRONGEST MAN ON EARTH (Arthur Saxon)</b> says: "I will +personally undertake, from my knowledge of your course, that each pupil +who enrolls will be entirely satisfied with results."</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="center large"><b>15,000 PUPILS</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2">endorse these statements, and I think that the above proves that my system has, by +sheer merit, climbed to the topmost rung of the Physical Culture ladder of fame.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="center large"><b>IF YOU SUFFER</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2">from any physical defect or ailment, or desire improved strength and development, +in your own interests you should get in touch with me. To the average +Physical Culturist or business man I offer a splendid investment. Individual +attention guaranteed. My book is free! Write now, and ask for "HEALTH +AT HOME" and terms for special course.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"> + <table summary=""> + <tr> + <td class="x-large"><b>T. INCH</b></td> + <td class="center">Physical Culture Expert, Dep. A.F.</td> + <td class="x-large ralign"><b>The Broadway, Fulham,</b></td> + </tr> + </table> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2" class="center x-large"><b>LONDON, S.W.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[Pg 88]</a></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="center xx-large">The Way to Live</p> +<table summary=""><tr> +<td class="bb bt center large"><b>HEALTH AND +PHYSICAL FITNESS</b></td> +</tr></table> + +<p class="small center">BY</p> +<p class="x-large center">Georges Hackenschmidt.</p> +<hr style="width:25%;" /> +<p>In which the famous Athlete and Wrestler lays down +common-sense and healthful rules of living for all classes +of the community. This work embodies a most careful +study of life, and each rule is based upon the opinions of +recognised experts.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>This is not a Crank Way of Living, but</b></p> + +<p class="large center"><b>THE RIGHT WAY.</b></p> + +<p>As a supplement to his work Hackenschmidt details +the Story of his Life in concise and interesting form.</p> + +<hr style="width:25%;" /> + +<p class="center">WITH OVER FIFTY ILLUSTRATIONS.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>Price, 2s. 6d.</b></p> + +<p class="center">Limited Souvenir Autograph Edition, <b>5s.</b> each.</p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[Pg 89]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<div class="bbox" style="padding:0.5em;"> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 131px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad2a.png" width="131" height="185" alt="Advert: Boy attempting overhead kick of football" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="xx-large center"><b>"SAGA"</b></p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 160px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad2b.png" width="160" height="159" alt="Drawing of a SAGA football" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="x-large center"><b>THE +RELIABLE +SPORTS +HOUSE.</b></p> + +<p class="center large"><b>The "SAGA" (Regd.)</b></p> + +<p class="center">(Association or Rugby) <span class="large"><b>FOOTBALL</b></span>.</p> + +<p style="clear:both;">Finest Selected Scotch Cowhide, specially treated and hand sewn. Best +quality Red Rubber Bladder. The "SAGA" is guaranteed perfect shape +and size. <b>A MASTERPIECE!</b> Price <b>11/6</b>, Post Free. The <b>"MARATHON"</b> +Ball, Round, Sound, and Reliable. Price <b>9/-</b>, Post Free. The +<b>"PRACTICE." Sterling Value.</b> A Ball for all-round Club play. +Price <b>7/6</b>, Post Free.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 64px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad2c.png" width="64" height="80" alt="Black and white striped long-sleeved football jersey" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center large"><b>"SAGA" WOOLLENETTE JERSEYS.</b></p> + +<p class="center">Latest Patterns and Colours. 5,000 in Stock.</p> + +<p class="center">——<b>Supplied to all Leading Clubs.</b>——</p> + +<p><b>2 INCH STRIPES, 1/11, 2/6, 3/6.</b> Postage 3d. +Post free, <b>21/9, 28/-, 37/6</b> per dozen.</p> + +<p><b>PLAIN COLOURS, 1/3, 1/11, 2/6.</b> Postage 3d. +Post free, <b>13/6, 21/9, 27/-</b> per dozen.</p> + +<p><b>A.V. DESIGN JERSEYS, 2/6 & 3/6</b> each. Postage 3d.</p> + +<p><b>RUGBY JERSEYS, 33/-</b> and <b>45/-</b> per doz. Post free.</p> + +<div class="figright" style="width: 54px;clear:both;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad2d.png" width="54" height="74" alt="Knee-length football shorts" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center large"><b>"SAGA" FOOTBALL KNICKS.</b></p> + +<p class="center"><span class="smcap">White or Navy.</span></p> + +<p class="center">Youths', <b>1/3, 1/9, 2/-</b>; All Wool, <b>3/9</b>. Postage 3d.</p> + +<p class="center">Men's, <b>1/4, 1/11, 2/3</b>; All Wool, <b>3/11</b>. Postage 3d.</p> + +<p class="center">Dozens post free.</p> + +<div class="figleft" style="width: 85px;clear:both;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad2e.png" width="85" height="77" alt="A leather football boot" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center large"><b>"SAGA" FOOTBALL BOOTS.</b></p> + +<p class="center">Russet Calf, Waterproof Sole, <b>7/11</b>. Postage 6d.</p> + +<p class="center">All best made Boots stocked.</p> + +<p class="center large"><b>"SAGA" FOOTBALL HOSE.</b></p> + +<p>Turned-down Coloured Tops, <b>10½d., 1/2, 1/8</b>, and +<b>2/6</b> per pair. Postage 2d.</p> + +<p style="clear:both;"><b>Goal Posts and Nets, Shin Guards, Boundary Posts and Flags, +Sweaters, etc.</b> See List. <b>Lists Post Free. Prompt Dispatch.</b></p> + +<hr style="width:80%;" /> +<p class="center large"><b>SPORTS & GAMES ASSOCIATION,</b></p> +<p class="center x-large">(H.S. Dept.) <b>56, EDGWARE RD., LONDON.</b></p> + +</div> + +<p class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[Pg 90]</a></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="xx-large center"><b>TRICKS and TESTS of +MUSCLES</b></p> + +<p class="center">BY</p> + +<p class="large center">The EDITOR of "HEALTH & STRENGTH."</p> + +<table style="width:70%;" summary=""> +<tr> +<td colspan="3" style="text-align:justify;">A valuable and interesting book which +contains material for entertainment and +home-training. Practically no appliances +necessary. The muscles can be kept in +trim, while at the same time exhibitions +of muscular skill may be performed by</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>:: ::</td> +<td class="center">following the hints given.</td> +<td class="ralign">:: ::</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<table style="width:70%;" summary="" class="gap2"> +<tr> +<td><b>1s. net.</b></td> +<td class="ralign">Post free, <b>1s. 2d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="x-large center">SIMPLE</p> +<p class="xx-large center"><b>STRENGTH TESTS</b></p> +<p class="center">FOR</p> +<p class="x-large center">Home Entertainment.</p> + +<p class="center">BY</p> + +<p class="large center">The EDITOR of "HEALTH & STRENGTH."</p> + +<table style="width:70%;" summary=""> +<tr> +<td colspan="3" style="text-align:justify;">This collection of useful and diverting +tricks follows the lines of "Tricks and +Tests of Muscles," which has met with +much favour, and is now in its</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>:: ::</td> +<td class="center">third edition.</td> +<td class="ralign">:: ::</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<table style="width:70%;" summary="" class="gap2"> +<tr> +<td><b>1s. net.</b></td> +<td class="ralign">Post free, <b>1s. 2d.</b></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[Pg 91]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<table summary=""> +<tr> +<td rowspan="4" style="font-size:1000%;"><b>G</b></td> +<td style="font-size:140%" class="center"><b>THE SPORTS HOUSE</b></td> +<td rowspan="4" style="font-size:1000%;"><b>S</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="font-size:120%" class="center"><b>—OF THE—</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="font-size:140%" class="center"><b>WORLD.</b></td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td style="font-size:300%;letter-spacing:0.3em;" class="center"><b>AMAGE</b></td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p class="large center"><b>FAMOUS FOOTBALL SPECIALITIES.</b></p> + +<table summary="" style="padding:0.5em;"> +<tr> +<td style="padding:0.5em;width:33%;vertical-align:top;"> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 123px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad3a.png" width="123" height="129" alt="Gamages Referee Match Ball" title="" /> +</div> +<p class="center" style="clear:both;"><b>The "REFEREE" +Football.</b></p> + +<p class="small">Made in eight sections, +finest selected hides. Perfect +shape, every ball +guaranteed. Extra strong +red rubber bladder, <b>10/6</b>.</p> +</td> +<td style="padding:0.5em;width:33%;vertical-align:top;"> +<p class="center"><b>The "HOLBORN" +Football.</b></p> + +<p class="small">Stout cowhide hand-sewn +case. A strong +serviceable ball, complete +with red rubber bladders. +No. 4, <b>5/6</b>; No. 5, match +size, <b>6/3</b>.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>The "ARMY" +Football.</b></p> + +<p class="small">Specially recommended +for barracks and public +schools. Capless, eight +sections. The best ball +for hard wear, <b>9/6</b>; post +4d.</p> +</td> +<td style="padding:0.5em;width:33%;vertical-align:top;" rowspan="3"> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 138px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad3b.png" width="138" height="190" +alt="A footballer dribbling the Gamage referee football" title="" /> +</div> +<p class="center"><b>FOOTBALL +KNICKERS.</b></p> + +<p class="small">White drill, <b>1/4</b>. White +swansdown, <b>1/10</b>. Boys' +sizes ditto, up to 28in., +<b>1/8</b>. Strong navy serge, +<b>1/4, 1/10</b>. Super quality +navy serge, <b>2/11, 3/11</b>, & +<b>5/11</b>. Boys' ditto, <b>2/8, +3/8</b>, and <b>5/8</b>. Superior +white swansdown, <b>2/10</b>. +White flannel, <b>3/11</b> and +<b>5/11</b>. Boys' ditto, <b>3/8</b> +and <b>5/8</b>. Post <b>4d.</b> pair.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>FOOTBALL +STOCKINGS.</b></p> + +<p class="small">Black or navy, ribbed +legs, in various club +coloured stripe tops.</p> + +<table class="small" summary=""> +<tr> +<td><b>1/-</b></td> +<td>pair,</td> +<td><b>11/6</b></td> +<td>dozen</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><b>2/-</b></td> +<td class="center">"</td> +<td><b>23/-</b></td> +<td class="center">"</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td><b>2/6</b></td> +<td class="center">"</td> +<td><b>28/6</b></td> +<td class="center">"</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<p class="small bbox center">FOR ALL OTHER +<b>FOOTBALL REQUISITES</b> +SEE OUR 124-PAGE +NEW SPORTS LIST +POST FREE. +</p> + +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td> +<p class="center"><b>ASSOCIATION +JERSEYS.</b></p> + +<p class="small"><b>(As worn by all the leading +Clubs)</b></p> + +<p class="small">No. 1.—Button front +plain coloured body with +coloured or self-ribbed +neck, <b>2/3</b> each; <b>24/6</b> doz.</p> + +<p class="small">No. 2.—Plain coloured +body with self or coloured-ribbed +neck and laced +fronts, <b>2/11</b> each; <b>33/-</b> doz. +For colours in stock +see Sports List.</p> + +</td> +<td> +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 103px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad3c.png" width="103" height="128" alt="A woollen jersey with lace-up front" title="" /> +</div> +</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td colspan="2"> +<div class="figleft" style="width: 82px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad3d.png" width="82" height="125" alt="A leather lace-up boot with two studs visible at the toe" title="" /> +</div> + +<p class="center"><b>The "GAMKICK" BOOT.</b></p> + +<p class="small">Expressly designed to give ease and +pliability when playing, support to the +ankles, and a firm grip of the ground, +ensuring great power when kicking. In +Scotch chrome, waterproof soles, cane +waists, solid hide toes, bars or studs. +Men's, <b>8/6</b>; Boys' sizes, 2 to 5, <b>7/6</b>; +postage 6d. Other patterns and +qualities in stock. Men's sizes from +<b>4/11</b> to <b>12/6</b> pair.</p> +</td> +</tr> +</table> + +<div class="figcenter" style="width: 408px;"> +<img src="images/illustration_ad3e.png" width="408" height="66" alt="A. W. GAMAGE LTD. HOLBORN. +& BENETFINK LTD. CHEAPSIDE. LONDON. EC." title="" /> +</div> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="center large">THE</p> + +<p class="center xx-large"><b>Modern Rugby Game</b></p> + +<p class="center">and</p> + +<p class="center x-large"><b>How to Play It.</b></p> + +<p class="center">By</p> + +<p class="center large">E. GWYN NICHOLLS,</p> + +<p class="center small">The Famous Welsh International.</p> + +<div style="margin:0 20%;" class="bb bt"> +<p>This is a thoroughly practical treatise +by a player of world-wide renown, and is +supplemented by instructive illustrations.</p> + +<p>Every position on the field is discussed +by Mr. Nicholls, who places his wide experience +at the disposal of the aspiring +Rugbyite in a lucid and complete manner.</p> + +<p>The Welsh mode of play, upon which +the modern Rugby game is based, is fully +described, while the subject of strategy is +handled with the ability begotten of expert +knowledge.</p> +</div> + +<p class="center">Price <b>1s.</b> Post free, <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[Pg 93]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="center xx-large">BALL-PUNCHING</p> + +<p class="center small">BY</p> + +<p class="center x-large"><b>"GUNNER" MOIR.</b></p> + +<p class="center">Containing instructions for a variety of strokes +and exercises by</p> + +<p class="center large">BRITAIN'S HEAVY-WEIGHT BOXING +CHAMPION.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>6d. Post free, 7d.</b></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="center xx-large">Simple Indian-Club Exercises</p> + +<p class="center xx-large">Simple Dumb-Bell Exercises</p> + +<p class="center small">BY</p> + +<p class="center x-large"><b>STAFF-SERGT. MOSS</b></p> + +<p class="center small">(Late Headquarters Gymnastic Staff, Aldershot).</p> + +<p class="center"><b>6d. each. Post free, 7d.</b></p> + +<p class="center">These handbooks contain a number of illustrated +exercises of great service to the beginner.</p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="center xx-large">"UNCLE BOB" SERIES:</p> + +<table summary=""> +<tr> +<td>ROUND SHOULDERS and How to Cure Them.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>KNOCK-KNEES and BOW-LEGS.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>FOOT AILMENTS and Care of the Feet.</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td>LEG DEVELOPMENT.</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p class="center">Careful instructions and remedial treatment are given +in these little treatises.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>6d. each. Post free, 7d.</b></p> + +<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[Pg 94]</a></span></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="center x-large">TEXT-BOOK OF</p> + +<p class="center xx-large">WEIGHT-LIFTING</p> + +<table class="bb bt" summary=""> +<tr> +<td class="center">BY</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="center x-large">Arthur Saxon</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="center large">THE STRONGEST MAN IN</td> +</tr> +<tr> +<td class="center large">THE WORLD.</td> +</tr> +</table> +<p>This book, containing detailed and illustrated +instructions for lifts of all kinds, is an authoritative +and invaluable guide to aspiring athletes.</p> + +<p class="center"><b>1s. net.</b> Post free, <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<hr style="width:100%;" /> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>TRAINING FOR ATHLETICS</b>, with 16 plates. The most +Complete and Authoritative Manual of Training ever published. +Most of the authors are World's Champions. The following are +the contributors: <span class="smcap">W. G. George</span>, Running; <span class="smcap">Tommy Burns</span>, +Boxing; <span class="smcap">J. Wolffe</span>, Swimming; <span class="smcap">Miss Sanderson</span>, Fencing; +<span class="smcap">G. W. Olley</span>, Cycling; <span class="smcap">W. G. East</span>, Rowing; <span class="smcap">Arthur Saxon</span>, +Weight-Lifting; <span class="smcap">T. Burrows</span>, Club-Swinging; <span class="smcap">J. Carroll</span>, +Wrestling; <span class="smcap">"Raku" Uyenishi</span>, Ju-Jutsu; <span class="smcap">A. Shrubb</span>, Long +Distance Running; <span class="smcap">A. T. Yeoumans</span>, Walking; <span class="smcap">J. Higgins</span>, +Jumping; <span class="smcap">Gunner Moir</span>, Bag Punching. <b>2s. 6d.</b> net; post +free <b>2s. 9d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>MY SYSTEM</b>, by <span class="smcap">J. P. Muller</span>, Ex-Lieut. Royal Danish Engineers, +with 44 illustrations (from photographs). Showing how +splendid health may be acquired and maintained by 15 Minutes' +Exercise a Day. Price <b>2s. 6d.</b>; post free <b>2s. 9d.</b> Chart and +Exercises (on cardboard), <b>6d.</b>; post free <b>7d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE FRESH-AIR BOOK.</b>—A new and remarkable work by +<span class="smcap">J. P. Muller</span>. Profusely illustrated with numerous photographs. +Price <b>2s. 6d.</b>; post free <b>2s. 9d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>TEXT-BOOK OF SWIMMING</b>, by <span class="smcap">"Jappy" Wolffe</span>, the +Famous Channel Swimmer and Long Distance Champion of the +World. <b>1s.</b> net; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>TEXT-BOOK OF WRESTLING</b>, by <span class="smcap">Ernest Gruhn</span>, Hon. +Instructor to the German Gymnasium. Late Amateur Champion +Wrestler of England. With 42 whole-page illustrations printed +on good paper, suitable for the pocket or library. <b>1s.</b> net; +post free <b>1s. 2d.</b><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[Pg 95]</a></span></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>SCIENTIFIC BOXING AND SELF-DEFENCE</b>, by <span class="smcap">Tommy +Burns</span>, Heavy-weight Champion of the World. Forty full-page +photographs, specially posed for by Burns. His own notions of +successful fighting and ring generalship, together with his methods +of training and a history of his fights, are clearly and admirably +expressed. Price <b>2s. 6d.</b> net; post free <b>2s. 9d.</b> A few copies +of the Edition-de-Luxe, containing the Author's Autograph, can +still be had. Price <b>5s.</b> net.</p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE EUSTACE MILES SYSTEM OF PHYSICAL CULTURE, +with Hints as to Diet.</b> By <span class="smcap">Eustace Miles</span>, M.A., +Amateur Champion Tennis and Racquets, 1902. Author of "Ten +Rules of Health." With two Charts of Exercises for the perfection +of the body, physical and mental, for men, women and +children. Whole cloth, price <b>2s. 6d.</b> net; <b>2s. 9d.</b> post free.</p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>SCIENTIFIC WEIGHT-LIFTING</b>, by <span class="smcap">Thomas Inch</span>, Middle-weight +Champion of the World. Revised and Enlarged Edition. +<b>1s.</b>; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>RUNNING AND CROSS-COUNTRY RUNNING</b>, by <span class="smcap">Alfred +Shrubb</span>, World's Champion Long Distance Runner. The most +authoritative and instructive book on running issued for many +years. Illustrated with 32 whole-page photographs, showing the +author in different running positions. Shrubb has never been +beaten, and created a sensation in America last year. Price +<b>2s. 6d.</b> net; post free <b>2s. 9d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>FIFTY EXERCISES FOR HEALTH AND STRENGTH.</b> +With Special Exercise Chart. By <span class="smcap">A. Wallace-Jones</span>, Principal of +the London Physical Institute. Price <b>2s. 6d.</b> net; post free <b>2s. 9d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE TEXT-BOOK OF JU-JUTSU</b>, as practised in Japan. +Being a simple treatise on the Japanese Method of Self-Defence, +by <span class="smcap">S. K. Uyenishi</span> (Raku), with over 100 cinematograph illustrations. +The illustrations and explanations have been so arranged +as to teach the whole science of Ju-Jutsu, without the aid of a +living instructor. <b>2s. 6d.</b> net; <b>2s. 9d.</b> post free.</p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE DEVELOPMENT OF PHYSICAL POWER</b>, by +<span class="smcap">Arthur Saxon</span>, the Strongest Man in the World. A guide for the +advanced student of physical culture. <b>3s.</b> net; post free <b>3s. 3d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE TEXT-BOOK OF CLUB-SWINGING</b>, with Exercises +for the Development of the Body by the use of Indian Clubs, by +<span class="smcap">Tom Burrows</span>, the World's Champion. <b>1s.</b> net; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="center"><b>By the Editor of "Health & Strength."</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>CURATIVE EXERCISES FOR INDIGESTION, FLATULENCE +AND GASTRITIS.</b> Whole cloth, <b>1s.</b> net; post +free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>CORRECT BREATHING FOR HEALTH, CHEST, AND +OF LUNG DEVELOPMENT.</b> Whole cloth, <b>1s.</b> net; post +free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>CURATIVE EXERCISES FOR CONSTIPATION AND +INTESTINAL WEAKNESSES.</b> Whole cloth, <b>1s.</b> net; +post free <b>1s. 2d.</b><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[Pg 96]</a></span></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE COMPLETE BOXER</b>, by <span class="smcap">"Gunner" James Moir</span> the +Heavy-weight Champion of Great Britain. An up-to-date and +complete work on our national system. Over 40 illustrations. +<b>1s.</b> net; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>THE MUSCLES OF THE BODY: Their Uses and Development.</b> +Containing a complete course of exercises for the +development of every muscle in the body; for the Home, the +Club, or the Gymnasium. By the Editor of "Health & Strength." +<b>1s.</b> net; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>TEN RULES OF HEALTH</b>, by <span class="smcap">Eustace Miles</span>. <b>1s.</b> net; +post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>MILO'S STRENGTH FOR ALL.</b>—A splendid book and guide +to the would-be athlete, as well as those in search of good health +through the medium of exercises. Advice is divided into four +classes, for the benefit of the different degrees of stature, constitution +and habits. Special regard is given to Diet, together with +exercises for the perfection of health and strength, and the eradication +of bodily imperfections. <b>2s. 6d.</b> net; post free <b>2s. 9d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>SWIMMING AND LIFE SAVING</b>, by <span class="smcap">Archibald Sinclair,</span> +Vice-President Royal Life-Saving Society. <b>1s.</b>; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>"HEALTH & STRENGTH" ANNUAL, 1909.</b> Ready Dec. +1908. Carefully revised, with new features. <span class="smcap">Contents</span>: Height, +Weight, Measurements and Records of Famous Strong Men—Directory +of Physical Culture Clubs and Gymnasia—Gymnastic +Records—Wrestling Rules and Records—Strength Feats—Boxing +Rules and Records—Swimming Records—Professional Running, +Jumping and Walking Records—Amateur Athletics, Running +Records, Hammer Throwing and Jumping Records—Cross-country +Running—Standard Measurements for the Human Frame—Olympic +Records—Special Articles upon various branches of +Physical Culture. <b>6d.</b> net; post free <b>7d.</b></p> + +<hr style="width:50%" /> +<p class="center"><b>FORTHCOMING PUBLICATIONS.</b></p> +<hr style="width:25%" /> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>TEXT-BOOK FOR WALKERS</b>, by <span class="smcap">G. E. Larner</span>, Olympic +Champion of the World. <b>1s.</b>; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>TEXT-BOOK OF CYCLING</b>, by <span class="smcap">C. B. Kingsbury</span>, Olympic +and N.C.U. Champion of the World. <b>1s.</b>; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>ANDREWS' METHOD OF MASSAGE FOR ATHLETES</b>, +by <span class="smcap">H. Andrews</span> trainer of G. A. Olley and principal athletes. +<b>1s.</b>; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + +<p class="hangindent"><b>By STAFF-SERGT. MOSS</b>, late Headquarters Gymnastic Staff, +Aldershot. The following text-books form a standard series upon +the various branches of Gymnastics: <i>Vaulting-Horse, Rings, +Ladders, Rope and Pole Exercises. Parallel Bars. Horizontal +Bars. Pyramids and Gymnastic Displays. Free Gymnastics and +Dumb-Bell Exercises.</i> <b>1s.</b> each; post free <b>1s. 2d.</b></p> + + + + + + + + +<pre> + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Association Football, by John Cameron + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ASSOCIATION FOOTBALL *** + +***** This file should be named 35683-h.htm or 35683-h.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/3/5/6/8/35683/ + +Produced by Brownfox and the Online Distributed Proofreading +Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from +images generously made available by The Internet Archive) + + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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