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+Project Gutenberg's Tales and Trails of Wakarusa, by Alexander Miller Harvey
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Tales and Trails of Wakarusa
+
+Author: Alexander Miller Harvey
+
+Release Date: March 6, 2011 [EBook #35507]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK TALES AND TRAILS OF WAKARUSA ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Linda M. Everhart, Blairstown, Missouri
+
+
+
+
+Tales and Trails
+of Wakarusa
+
+By
+A. M. HARVEY
+of the Topeka Bar
+
+Crane & Company, Printers
+Topeka, Kansas
+1917
+
+Copyright 1917
+By Crane and Company
+
+
+
+A Forethought and a Dedication
+
+"A Paradoxical philosopher, carrying to the uttermost length that
+aphorism of Montesquieu's, 'Happy the people whose annals are
+tiresome,' has said; 'Happy the people whose annals are vacant.' In
+which saying, mad as it looks, may there not still be found some
+grain of reason? For truly, as it has been written, 'Silence is
+divine,' and of Heaven; so in all earthly things, too, there is a
+silence which is better than any speech. Consider it well, the Event,
+the thing which can be spoken of and recorded; is it not in all cases
+some disruption, some solution of continuity? Were it even a glad
+Event, it involves change, involves loss (of active force); and so
+far, either in the past or in the present, is an irregularity, a
+disease. Stillest perseverance were our blessedness--not dislocation
+and alteration--could they be avoided.
+
+"The oak grows silently in the forest a thousand years; only in the
+thousandth year, when the woodman arrives with his ax, is there heard
+an echoing through the solitudes; and the oak announces itself when,
+with far-sounding crash, it falls. How silent, too, was the planting
+of the acorn, scattered from the lap of some wandering wind! Nay,
+when our oak flowered, or put on its leaves (its glad Events), what
+shout of proclamation could there be? Hardly from the most observant
+a word of recognition. These things befell not, they were slowly
+done; not in an hour, but through the flight of days: what was to be
+said of it? This hour seemed altogether as the last was, as the next
+would be.
+
+"It is thus everywhere that foolish Rumor babbles not of what
+was done, but of what was misdone or undone; and foolish History
+(ever, more or less, the written epitomized synopsis of Rumor)
+knows so little that were not as well unknown. Attila Invasions,
+Walter-the-Penniless Crusades, Sicilian Vespers, Thirty-Years' Wars:
+mere sin and misery; not work, but hindrance of work! For the Earth
+all this while was yearly green and yellow with her kind harvests;
+the hand of the craftsman, the mind of the thinker, rested not; and
+so, after all and in spite of all, we have this so glorious high-domed
+blossoming World; concerning which poor History may well ask with
+wonder, Whence it came? She knows so little of it, knows so much of
+what obstructed it, what would have rendered it impossible. Such,
+nevertheless, by necessity or foolish choice, is her rule and
+practice; whereby that paradox, 'Happy the people whose annals are
+vacant,' is not without its true side."--Carlyle.
+
+This book of tales and trails of people whose annals are vacant,
+because they were peaceful and happy, is dedicated to the
+nineteen-year-old soldier boys of 1917 and to their comrades; and
+especially to that nineteen-year-old soldier, Randal Cone Harvey,
+whose image and whose service is with us by day and by night. May
+their service help bring to a war-cursed world such peace that the
+annals of all men will be stories of love, companionship and
+association one with another.
+
+A. M. Harvey.
+
+
+
+Contents
+
+  Title
+  Forethought and Dedication
+  The Trail of the Sac and Fox
+  The Stone Bridge
+  The Newcomers
+  An Old-Timer
+  Mother Newcomer
+  John MacDonald
+  Jake Self
+  The Yankee and His Hog--and Other Troubles
+  The Trail That Never Was Traveled
+  The Conversion of Cartmill
+  A Fourth of July Speech
+  The Phantom Fisherman, and Other Ghosts
+  An Indian Christmas
+
+
+
+The Trail of the Sac and Fox
+
+It was during the '40's that the Sac and Fox Indians started on their
+long journey to take up their home in the land provided for them in
+Kansas, being a portion of the present counties of Lyon, Osage, and
+Franklin. In the year 1846 a large number of them had camped in the
+Kansas River Valley near the present site of Topeka, and because of
+their friendship with the Shawnees they were permitted to remain
+there for some time before moving on. Many of them formed attachments
+and friendships among the Shawnees and Pottawatomies, and remained
+with them. After the main body of the Sac and Fox moved on to their
+own lands, their associations with the Shawnees and other friendly
+Indians were such that there was much travel back and forth.
+
+The trails leading south from the Kansas River Valley all fell into
+the "Oregon" or "California" road, and along that the Indians
+traveled to the trading village of Carthage, a few miles northeast of
+the present village of Berryton. From there, several trails set off
+toward the Sac and Fox lands. One of the principal trails wound over
+the hills and down through a long ravine to the Wakarusa Valley, and
+across that river at the ford where the great stone bridge now
+stands, due south of Berryton; and from there it wound around the
+hill through the woods and again over the plains. Afterwards a public
+road was laid out upon this trail, called, in the Shawnee County
+records, the "Sac and Fox Road," but usually spoken of as the "Ottawa
+State Road."
+
+Just south of the Wakarusa crossing and a few hundred yards around
+the brow of the hill, there lies a parcel of level ground, which was
+an ideal place for camping. It is now occupied by the public road,
+and church and school-house grounds. This was a famous camping place
+for the Sac and Fox and all other Indians who used the trail. If you
+step up to the stone fence just east of the schoolhouse, looking over
+you will notice a deep ditch washed out down the creek bank, on the
+side of which a large oak tree stands, with many of its roots
+exposed. This ditch marks the path first used by the Indians as they
+went back and forth from the camping ground to the spring of sweet,
+beautiful water that flows from out the rocks at the foot of the
+hill.
+
+Modern history of this portion of the valley begins with this camping
+place. It was not only a resting place, but a place where
+consultations and conferences were held, and where the eloquent ones
+told of the glory of Black Hawk, the wisdom of Keokuk, and the
+splendid history of their tribe. It was said that the older men were
+despondent, but that the younger men thought that there was a
+possibility of rebuilding their tribal fortunes in the new country,
+and that some day they would be as powerful and as prosperous as they
+had hoped to be in Iowa and upon other lands belonging to them.
+
+But the Sac and Fox are gone; the trail knows them no more; the sweet
+waters still flow from the beautiful spring, and a white man who
+never knew them has built a house near by on the bluff by the side of
+the road.
+
+
+
+The Stone Bridge
+
+The Indian trail had given away and had gradually become merged into
+a public road, here and there forced back to section lines, but in
+the main sustaining its diagonal course across the country and being
+known as the Topeka and Ottawa State Road.
+
+Jacob Welchans was not only an extraordinarily fine surveyor, whose
+corner-stones and monuments are now and always will be recognized in
+Shawnee County as the best evidence of the location of land
+boundaries, but he also engaged in country school-teaching, and a
+number of times taught in the little school-house established near
+the Wakarusa River and by the old Sac and Fox spring. The ford across
+the Wakarusa at this point was not an extra good one. The bottom was
+rock, but there was a steep hill on one side and a low, springy place
+on the other; and, excepting times when the stream was very low, the
+water was of considerable depth over the fording place, and it was
+not an uncommon sight to see a farmer's boy on an old gray mare
+fording children across in the morning and in the afternoon, so that
+they could go to and from school.
+
+This was long before city men commenced buying up farm land, and
+therefore the Wakarusa Valley was quite well populated, and the
+little school boasted an attendance of from fifty to sixty children
+during the entire school year. Jacob Welchans became ambitious that
+there should be a bridge across the Wakarusa at that point, not only
+for the benefit of the school children and the neighborhood
+generally, but because that was the fording place for the travel that
+fell into the Topeka and Ottawa State Road. He called attention of
+the county officers to the importance of the road to the city of
+Topeka and to the county of Shawnee, and by sheer force of character
+he impressed upon them the conviction that a bridge should be erected
+at the place indicated, and that it should be a stone bridge builded
+from bed rock, and to stay.
+
+The usual formalities were indulged in, and the contract was let to
+George Evans, who commenced the work in the summer of 1878, and when
+the school commenced in October the bridge was in course of
+construction. It was a great time for the neighborhood and for the
+school children, who spent much of their intermission periods around
+the work and the workmen. Some of the workmen were negroes who talked
+French, and they were a lot of fun. They camped at different places
+around near the spring, boiled their coffee in old tomato cans, slept
+on the ground, hunted squirrels and rabbits between working hours,
+and in many other ways exhibited interesting activities, to the
+delight of the youngsters. After one arch of the bridge was up and
+the false work had been taken out, it commenced to crack and fold and
+double, and then fell. The school children had just arrived on the
+scene after being dismissed at recess, and it seemed for all the
+world as though the arch had fallen down to give them the benefit of
+the crash and the excitement. No one was hurt, and the wreck was soon
+cleared away, so that the work could go on. The bridge was finished
+in due time, and for nearly forty years it has justified the faith of
+those who planned and constructed it. Once, after an extraordinary
+flood that filled the waterways almost to the top, Jim Baker said:
+"She is a mighty good makeshift in time of high water; no tin bridge
+for me." It not only served the purpose of travel, but it has become
+a landmark in southern Shawnee County, and it always will be a
+monument to the old trail and to the wisdom and foresight of Jacob
+Welchans and the other county officers who were responsible for its
+being constructed.
+
+
+
+The Newcomers
+
+One November day in 1877 the Newcomers unloaded from a Santa Fe train
+just then arrived in the city of Topeka, the exact time being about
+four o'clock in the afternoon. There was Mother Newcomer and five
+boys, the oldest being less than five years older than the youngest.
+On the platform they met Father Newcomer, who, together with a
+country lad, was awaiting the arrival. They gathered their baggage
+together, and the country boy led the way across the street to where
+his team, hitched to a farm wagon, was tied. Each of the horses was
+fastened with a heavy rope about the neck, which was looped over his
+nose and tied fast to a post, and each of them jumped and snorted and
+pulled at every movement or noise made by the train, which was still
+upon the track.
+
+The train pulled out, the Newcomers loaded up, the boy managed to
+quiet down the horses, and untied one after the other, holding the
+lines in his hand all the time; and after he had tied up the last
+rope, he jumped into the front of the wagon bed, holding fast to the
+lines or reins, and up the street they went. After a brief stop at
+Cole's grocery, and again at Manspeaker's, they started out over the
+diagonal road leading to the southeast from the city. At the top of
+the Highland Park hill they looked back and saw Topeka in the valley,
+and it looked like a cluster of brick houses, with scarcely a tree in
+sight; and yet it was beautiful in the glancing rays of the setting
+sun, and all of them felt that it was to be the center of that
+country which was their new home and the place of their future
+activity.
+
+Before it was fully dark the farm wagon had covered the distance of
+some fourteen miles from the city, traveling nearly all the way in a
+diagonal, southeasterly direction, and had wound up at the home of
+William Matney, on Lynn Creek, a mile below Tevis. The ride was a
+wonderful experience for the little Newcomers. They soon learned that
+one of the horses was named Greeley and the other Banks; but it was
+some years before they understood that these names indicated that the
+owner was a Democrat who knew the names of the candidates upon his
+ticket some five years before, when the horses were colts. The autumn
+sky was beautiful, and the light frosts had given a brown tinge to
+the prairie, and it seemed to them that every breath of air was a
+draught of the elixir of life.
+
+That evening dozens of persons from ten miles around called at the
+Matney home to welcome and visit with the Newcomers. They were nearly
+all old-timers, and they represented former inhabitants of at least
+seven of the States of the United States and three foreign countries.
+There was a Yankee from Maine, a Digger from the hills of North
+Carolina, a Mudsucker from Illinois, and all kinds of Corncrackers
+from Kentucky, besides a fine old Englishman and a sturdy German; and
+they told the Newcomer boys that the school-teacher was a Scotchman
+who talked through his nose and said lots of funny things, and that
+further up the creek lived a Manxman by the name of Quayle. It seems
+that Kansas had gathered these people from many corners of the earth,
+to the end that they might be blended into a new people with a new
+spirit that should mark the character of a new State.
+
+The Newcomers did not know that they were newcomers for some days,
+nor until they heard people calling them by that name. One day one of
+the boys rode with John Oliver to Carbondale; and as Oliver pulled up
+to the sidewalk in front of a store, someone called out, "John, where
+did you get that kid?" And John answered, "He belongs to a newcomer
+just moved on the crick. He's got a whole passel of 'em. I seed this
+'un in the road and fetched him along." John Oliver was from
+Tennessee, and he had his own peculiar way of expressing himself. He
+was a lot of fun for the Yankee neighbor.
+
+The Newcomers were soon settled in a house of their own near the
+present site of the stone bridge, and every day of that glorious fall
+and winter was a day of enjoyment to them; and over and over, as they
+gathered around the big fireplace of an evening, they rejoiced
+together because of the glorious welcome that Kansas had given them,
+and of the more glorious welcome, if possible, that had been given to
+them by the people of Kansas--old and newcomers--from so many
+different lands, with so many different ideas and so many different
+ways and habits, yet all filled with that exaltation which came to
+them like a breath of freedom from the prairie, and has made them and
+others like them into a new race, filled with a new spirit, which we
+call Kansas.
+
+
+
+An Old Timer
+
+During the midsummer of 1854, James Lynn and William Lynn started
+across the prairies from Westport, Missouri, to find homes in Kansas.
+With a stalwart pair of oxen yoked to a heavy wagon they proceeded
+slowly but surely westward, and finally, following up the Wakarusa
+Valley and out along one of its tributaries, they camped one night
+after a blistering hot August day near a spring that flowed from
+among a pile of stones and boulders that had been deposited at that
+point in great abundance by some glacier that must have covered this
+part of Kansas centuries ago. The flowing spring reminded them of
+Kentucky, and they concluded that then and there one of them had
+found a home. James Lynn drove his stake into the ground and said
+that it was his. Afterwards they traveled further up the little
+stream and located another claim, and William Lynn marked it and
+claimed it for his own. The location of these two settlements caused
+the little stream to be named Lynn Creek, and so it is known from the
+hills among which it rises on through Berryton, Tevis, and into
+Wakarusa near Richland.
+
+The hardships of pioneer life were too much for James Lynn, and he
+died within a few years after their settlement; but William Lynn
+weathered the storm and lived upon the land thus picked out by him on
+that August day until his death, which occurred in February, 1908. At
+the time of his death he had lived in Kansas nearly fifty-four
+years, and he was then one hundred and two years old. When it was
+found that he was dead, one of his sons called one of the Newcomer
+boys, who then lived in Topeka, over the phone and said: "Pap is
+dead. You know he never was much as to churches, and we just thought
+that we would ask you to come out and say something at his funeral."
+
+And, of course, the Newcomer boy said that he would; and on the day
+appointed he drove out to the old Lynn home, and among the neighbors
+and friends gathered around he stood by the coffin of this old-timer
+and looked down upon his face, which resembled a hickory nut worn and
+preserved with age, and in part he said:
+
+"One October day in about the year 1837, in Madison County, Kentucky,
+a small boy, the oldest son of a widowed mother, had set himself to
+work trying to split clapboards to make a shelter for some stock that
+belonged to his mother. He was working hard and making slow progress,
+when a stalwart young man came along on his way to his own duties of
+the day. The young man stopped, spoke kindly to him, and commenced
+helping with the work. What had promised to be a day of toil became a
+day of pleasure, and when the sun sank low in the west on that day,
+the boards had been made and the shelter erected, and the boy and man
+were happy--the one scarcely more happy than the other. That boy was
+my father; and that young man, who was his friend from the beginning,
+was none other than the grand old man whose lifeless body lies before
+us today.
+
+"With the recollection of the story of this act of simple kindness in
+my mind, the request was to me a command when the family communicated
+to me their desire that I should speak at this funeral.
+
+"The span of this life was so great and covered so many years that
+you and I can hardly realize the length of it. He was old enough to
+remember the stirring times of the battle of New Orleans. He was a
+man grown when the Kentucky soldiers came marching home victorious
+from the war with Mexico, and when the Kentucky dead were brought
+home from Buena Vista's battlefield and all Kentucky stood in
+mourning as O'Hara read his immortal poem, commencing:
+
+  The muffled drum's sad roll has beat the soldier's last tattoo,
+  No more on life's parade shall meet that brave and fallen few;
+  On Fame's eternal camping ground their silent tents are spread,
+  And Glory guards with solemn round the bivouac of the dead.
+
+"When the civil war came on he was old enough that his sons became
+soldiers in the army. When I first knew him--more than thirty years
+ago--he was strong and rugged, but an old man.
+
+"As you and I have now gathered to say the last word and do the
+last service for this old friend, I feel that we are standing on
+sacred ground. We realize that we are today confronted by the two
+great mysteries--one of life and the other of death. Life--that
+preserved in this man a constitutional strength that kings would give
+millions to possess, that coursed the red blood through his veins,
+and that made his right arm strong as an iron shaft for more than
+three-quarters of a century--is indeed a mystery; but Death--that
+stopped the flowing blood and rested the tired limbs--is a greater
+mystery. And, strange to say, at a time like this, when these two
+mysteries seem closer and more oppressive, we are met with the
+brightest, best and greatest hope of the human race--the hope of
+immortality, of life that will endure forever, a hope that belongs
+to every man, of every religion, of every race, under every sun.
+Death waited long and patiently for him. With muffled oar he guarded
+close the nearer shore of the silent river. Many of his friends came
+down and crossed the river, and finally he came. It is easy for me to
+believe that on the other shore he saw a familiar face, and that a
+friendly hand and a strong arm were joined to his to help him up the
+other bank, as he had helped his friend on this side. And so I say
+that we stand today on sacred ground as we are brought to a
+contemplation of the solemn fact that the sun is set and the day is
+done for one who used to walk upright among us.
+
+"He saw the red man give place to the white man, and he saw the
+buffalo herds melt away that domestic animals might take their place.
+He heard the shriek of the first locomotive that trundled its way
+over the line of the great railway that traverses this part of the
+county. And he saw the first break of virgin soil when men commenced
+to build our splendid Capitol.
+
+"His native State had been called 'the dark and bloody ground.'
+Indian tribes had struggled for the possession of its hunting
+grounds, and had fought and killed and waged their wars until they
+said the ground was dark and bloody. And, strange to say, these same
+hunting grounds became scenes of conflict, bloodshed and war long
+after the white man had taken them. In that State were honest,
+industrious, hospitable men and women; but human life was cheap, and
+everywhere men were ready at all times to fight and die for what they
+thought was right. It was the dark and bloody ground. It was a
+strange fate that took this pioneer from Kentucky and gave him a home
+in Kansas, which was soon to become the battle ground of the first
+conflict between slavery and freedom, and in truth the dark and
+bloody ground of the West.
+
+"He lived to see the end of this quarrel. He had known Kansas when
+she was bleeding and torn, and then had seen her rise, beautiful,
+strong, and without a wound. He had experienced the horrors of war
+and murder, but lived to know that peace possessed the State.
+
+"His education was limited, his life was humble, and he knew not
+ambition. You and I may learn a lesson from the fact that the great
+Giver of Life gave to this humble man all of this experience and all
+of this contact with human affairs, and a full round century of life
+in this strange old world. It is written that certain things are
+withheld from the wise and prudent and revealed unto babes, and who
+can say that this life has not fulfilled a great purpose. Here is a
+man who lived a long, industrious life and never knew the greed,
+avarice and crime that comes with the modern struggle for money.
+Political strife was to him a closed book. He knew nothing of the
+great paintings of the great masters in art, but he had seen Nature
+in her beauty and grandeur, and it was more beautiful than any
+painting made by man. He had seen the sunrise in a thousand forms,
+and the Storm King had builded mountains of black and gold for him.
+And the great prairies and the stalwart forests had made pictures for
+him. He knew what beauty was.
+
+"The story told at the beginning of this talk is only illustrative of
+his kindness of heart. No person was too poor or despised to enlist
+his sympathy and help in time of trouble.
+
+"He knew little of creeds and thought little of doctrines, and yet
+his life was fashioned after that simple plan given to mankind by the
+great Teacher who sat down with publicans and sinners and rebuked
+hypocrisy wherever it was found.
+
+"This is but a brief memorial to the life and character of William
+Lynn. His work is done. Although he lived far beyond the allotted
+time for man, his death has come as a tragedy to his family and
+friends. Comfort is gathered from the fact that his life was one of
+service. Service in the building of his country and his State,
+service to his family, and service to his fellowman. No honest effort
+is ever lost. Service--honest and faithful--has a force and influence
+that will live forever. We can understand that the name of this man
+will be perpetuated because his service in building a home along this
+little watercourse has caused it to be named 'Lynn Creek,' and that
+his name has been given to a school-house and to a church and to a
+political division of a township, and yet every other deed of honest
+service from the beginning to the end of his long and useful life
+will live and share in framing the lives, conduct and destiny of
+those who follow him so long as time shall last."
+
+
+
+Mother Newcomer
+
+Mother Newcomer certainly enjoyed Kansas, and she soon became as well
+known as an old-timer. At home she was the cook and the baker and the
+dressmaker and the tailor, besides doing a part of all other work
+about the place. She knew where the best greens could be picked in
+early spring, and the best berries in the summer, and she either made
+the boys pick them or she took her snake-killing dog with her and
+picked them herself; and all through the year she was a part of all
+the activities of the home; and she enjoyed it all.
+
+When a babe was to be born anywhere for miles around, she was there.
+Sometimes she was the lone attendant, and again she helped Dr.
+Taylor, who had been in the valley from the beginning; and more than
+once she worked with some young doctor who was so panicky because the
+baby didn't hurry that she would have to tell him to keep his feet on
+the ground, and that millions of babies had been born before a doctor
+or a medical college had ever been discovered. One night at midnight
+she waked up one of the boys, and told him that his father was out
+saddling the pony, and that he must go for Dr. Woods, who lived about
+five miles to the west. The boy finally wakened up and got his
+clothes on, and found that she was just ready to leave with a
+neighbor for his home, and that someone must go for the doctor. The
+pony had been saddled by that time, and was tied with a heavy rope to
+a tree near the door. The boy put on plenty of clothes and then
+mounted the pony, while his father held the little beast to keep him
+from standing on his head. The father pointed to the seven stars then
+showing up in the southern sky and told the boy to keep them to his
+left and to ride until he had crossed the railroad, and then go up to
+the first house and yell until someone came out so that he could
+inquire for the home of Dr. Woods. The directions being given, the
+pony was untied and turned loose, with the end of the rope fastened
+to the horn of the saddle. Of course the pony ran off for about a
+mile, but the boy kept him headed in the right direction, and after a
+while he slowed down and made the journey in good shape. When Dr.
+Woods was roused he made the boy come in and get warm while he got
+his horse, and together they rode back, and long before day the
+doctor had joined Mother Newcomer at the neighbor's house.
+
+Dr. Taylor still lives at his old home about three miles north of the
+stone bridge. He is a fine type of the pioneer doctor, and he not
+only knows the books, but he knows men and women, and especially
+Kansas men and women; and more than that, he knows Kansas and its
+climate, its tricks, and its good moods and its bad ones. For nearly
+fifty years he has ministered to the sick and the afflicted, and
+those who thought they were sick or afflicted, along the roads and
+trails of Wakarusa; and none could do it better or more faithfully.
+Doctor Woods was of the same type. He always traveled horseback,
+usually riding a large, strong, rough horse; and he knew the
+bridle-paths, and where to ford the streams.
+
+She was always interested in the school, and one of the first things
+that attracted her special attention was the fact that only four
+months of school was provided for in the year. She started an
+agitation for a longer term, and in the midst of it the word came
+through the country that either by a statute or a decision of the
+Supreme Court women were allowed to vote at school elections; and
+therefore upon school-meeting day she had one of the boys hitch a
+team to the farm wagon and they drove round and gathered up and took
+six women to the school meeting. They proved to be the balance of
+power, and a new director was elected, and a vote was carried for
+nine months school and for a levy large enough to pay a good teacher.
+The records show that from that day to this the old district has
+never been disgraced with a short term, nor meager provisions for
+school support.
+
+With all her activities, her best and greatest service was in her
+tender, sympathetic helpfulness and cooperation with her husband and
+children. There never was a day so dark but that she was full of good
+cheer and comfort. One terrible August day a hot wind blew across the
+State like a blast from Hell; leaves that were green in the morning
+could be burned with a match at noon; and the crops in every field
+seemed doomed for destruction. When the men came in at midday they
+were sorely discouraged, but they found a splendid dinner on the
+table, the floor scrubbed to make the room cool, and the blinds down
+toward the south; and Mother Newcomer, with a clean apron and
+cheerful face, sitting at the end of the table, almost made them
+forget the terrible hurricane of heat that was being driven across
+the country. During the meal some of them spoke of their
+discouragement, but she was full of plans as to how they might pull
+through; and when some said there would be no corn and no feed, she
+insisted that there would be a harvest of some kind. In keeping with
+a custom of hers, she enforced her views by a quotation: "Summer and
+winter, seed time and harvest, shall not fail so long as time shall
+last." From this she argued that there was sure to be a harvest, and
+they all went out with better cheer. And indeed there was some
+harvest, and they were able to hold on for another year.
+
+Years afterwards, she wrote all the boys who were away from home and
+asked them to be there Thanksgiving Day; and they were there. No one
+believed that it would be the last time they were all to be together;
+but all during the day there was a feeling of tenderness about the
+occasion; and it was the last time.
+
+That day as they all sat about the great table and talked of their
+experiences in the new country, and one told of this adventure or
+this experience or another, finally one of the boys voiced the
+sentiment of all the others when he said: "In making this home here,
+Mother has done more than all the rest." On that same day she
+repeated another familiar quotation of hers, which the boys have
+always remembered: "I have been young and now I am old, and I have
+not seen the righteous forsaken nor his seed begging bread;" and she
+said: "Do right as you understand and believe the right to be and you
+will be righteous, and have peace, and the promise will be yours."
+
+
+
+John MacDonald
+
+A Scotch lad who appeared to be scarcely out of his teens came to the
+neighborhood one October day and was soon employed as a farm hand.
+This employment did not last long, because the school ma'am got
+married, and he made application and was selected as the teacher in
+the district school. George Franks looked him over and said: "There's
+one thing certain. He's not liable to get married before the term is
+over."
+
+He was certainly an awkward lad, and his peculiar brogue as well as
+the unusual phraseology employed by him was a source of extraordinary
+amusement and entertainment to everyone. Of course, he was welcomed
+and made at home, just as every stranger was, and good-natured
+frontier manners prevented fun being made of him to his face.
+However, and notwithstanding the best that could be done, it was not
+unusual for a company of young folks to get around him and ask him
+questions, and they frequently burst into laughter over his quaint
+expressions. It embarrassed him very much at the time; and in his
+later years he often said that he sometimes blushed even then to
+think of what he had said and how the young folks laughed at him.
+Purely as a matter of self-defense, he developed the habit of saying
+things to make folks laugh; and, having an active, ingenious mind, he
+soon developed into a humorist, and this characteristic obtained with
+him during all his life.
+
+He became one of the fixtures in the community, and not only taught
+the Berry Creek school, but nearly every other school for a number of
+miles around. Although he was a thorough Scotchman, raised with all
+the strictness which his hardy people and the Presbyterian faith
+provided, he was known among school children as "John Easy"; and it
+is to be recorded that during the many years that he was a Wakarusa
+Valley school teacher he never struck a pupil nor laid violent hands
+on one. How he managed to get along without doing so is still a
+marvel to the old-timers in the neighborhood. It was probably because
+of the fact that he was a continuous and ardent student himself,
+always having on hand, in addition to school work, one or more
+scientific or literary studies which he pursued, and the youngsters
+caught the spirit from him, and on this account were not hard to
+manage. It can be truly said of him that by his conduct, his life,
+and his teachings, he coaxed and led the way of his pupils to higher
+education and to better things. Again, the idea that he was liable to
+say something that would make you laugh possessed the children as
+well as the grown folks, and he knew it, and frequently used his
+ability as a humorist to keep attention to himself and to the work
+the pupils had in hand. One day, during a drill in history, he
+pointed to a lad from the most outspoken Democratic family in the
+vicinity, and said, 'You write the names of all the _Republican
+Presidents_ on the blackboard." The way he said it caused a lot of
+merriment. The boy stepped to the board and wrote the full list, and,
+after the last name he wrote, "The last of that bright band." Every
+one watched the teacher when he looked over the work. He said not a
+word, but took a piece of chalk and wrote like he was digging into
+the board, "Do you think so?"
+
+To close friends he would confess that he loved the taste of every
+intoxicating liquor (and in his native land among those surrounding
+him it was a common practice for nearly everyone to use strong drink
+of some character), yet he never drank, and he was among the first to
+advocate and work for the destruction of the liquor traffic in
+Kansas.
+
+His splendid work as a teacher made him friends and acquaintances
+throughout the county, and in course of time he was elected County
+Superintendent, which position he held for many years. It was his
+custom as Superintendent to go on foot when visiting the different
+schools of the county, and he knew every trail and bridle-path. It
+was a treat to the pupils and teacher to have him come slipping in at
+the door, after which he would take off his wraps and "loaf around,"
+as he called it. He always left something in the way of help to those
+who were trying to learn. His life along the trails of Wakarusa was a
+tour of usefulness, and he had the confidence of everyone, from the
+most well-to-do to the poorest; and from the most respected to the
+worthless.
+
+As years went by he married and commenced the establishment of a home
+on a farm purchased and owned by him. He mixed newspaper and
+educational work with his farming, and this took him away from home
+much of the time. One day he returned after a short absence and found
+his home desolated. It is enough to say that it was the consuming
+tragedy of his life, and it left him alone among men. Very few aside
+from his country neighbors ever knew of his trouble. Years went by,
+and honors came to him in educational work, not only in the State but
+throughout the United States and the world; and his old neighbors on
+Wakarusa often thought of him and sympathized with him and had
+heartaches for him, because they knew how he suffered; and he knew
+that they knew, and they knew that he knew that they knew.
+
+It was some years after MacDonald had left the farm that one of the
+Berry Creek schoolboys, having grown to young manhood, was about to
+leave home for service as a soldier. His days were full of things to
+do, and he did not take time to hunt up old friends to say good-bye,
+but early in the morning of the day he was to go he met MacDonald on
+the sidewalk near his home. He was waiting for the young man, and he
+took him by the hand and looked at him as he often looked at him as a
+boy, and said, "I shall think of you often. God bless you. Good-bye."
+The beautiful May morning, with the sun just breaking "over the top,"
+was something to remember, but the earnest man and his eloquent words
+of farewell were burned into the mind and heart of the younger man,
+and they gave him strength and courage.
+
+Such was John MacDonald.
+
+
+
+Jake Self
+
+On a slab in the Ridgeway graveyard there is this inscription: "Jacob
+W. Self. Died January 27, 1873."
+
+Jake Self was forty-nine years old when he died, and he had been a
+pioneer and a plainsman since his boyhood. He lived on the old Berry
+farm near the stone bridge. On the morning of the day of his death
+he, together with Wash Townsend and S. A. Sprague, went on horseback
+to Carbondale. Carbondale was then a thriving little village, with a
+few stores, a blacksmith shop, and about a dozen saloons. It was a
+warm day for winter, and the roads were muddy and sloppy. Late in the
+afternoon Self and his companions mounted their horses and started
+for home. They noticed that the wind had commenced to blow from the
+north and was quite cold, and that the ground cracked and broke under
+the horses' feet on account of the frozen crust that then covered it.
+As they left the village, riding briskly toward the northeast, they
+discovered that clouds had overcast the sky, and that low in the
+northwest they were heavy, and had that liquid-black appearance that
+settlers described as inky. The breeze from the northwest soon
+developed into a strong wind, with an occasional bit of snow, and it
+became colder and colder. By the time they reached the upper crossing
+of Berry Creek the air was full of snow, dry, hard, and driven
+fiercely by the wind. The men were suffering from the intense cold,
+and Townsend suggested that they take the creek road, which followed
+the lowland from that point to their home, but Self, who was riding a
+wild and spirited horse, insisted that he would ride across the
+prairie, and when the others separated from him, he called back
+that he would beat them home. He rode at a gallop by the Elliott
+school-house. John MacDonald, the teacher, stood in the door and
+watched him, and meditated upon his recklessness and upon the curse
+of strong drink, for he sat his horse as one who had been drinking
+and was full of power therefrom, though not intoxicated. Sprague and
+Townsend followed the course taken by them, and arrived at the farm
+shortly after dark, but Self was not there. They waited an hour, then
+another, and becoming alarmed concluded that Self had lost his way
+and that they would go out and try to find him. By this time the
+storm had become a frightful blizzard, the temperature far below
+zero, and the snow and wind driving like a hurricane. The two men
+rode westward onto the prairie, and as nearly as they could, they
+followed the road which they had expected Self to take. On account of
+the darkness and the storm, it became necessary for them to tie their
+horses together to prevent their being separated, and in this way
+they rode for an hour or more, and then concluded to give up the
+search and return home. They rode rapidly, and suddenly plunged into
+a deep ravine, which indicated to them that they were going in the
+wrong direction, and then they realized that they were lost and
+unable to agree on the direction they should take to reach home.
+Sprague suggested to Townsend that since the storm was coming from
+the northwest they might ride directly in the teeth of it and finally
+reach the Wakarusa bottom, and that then they could follow the stream
+downward to the farm. They adopted this plan, and after considerable
+difficulty reached the low wooded land along the stream at a point
+near where the Santa Fe Railroad now crosses the valley, and about
+one o'clock they were home. Each of them was frozen about the face,
+hands and feet. Self was not there.
+
+They stayed up all night looking for him, and about four o'clock in
+the morning his horse came galloping home without him. Early in the
+morning, they, together with a party of neighbors, went out upon the
+prairie, and at a point about two miles from the farm they found his
+body completely frozen, crouched in the snow. The beaten snow near
+the body indicated that the horse had stood near him for a long time
+after he had fallen. A full pint of whiskey was in his pocket. Some
+said that he should have drunk more when he felt the whiskey die out
+of him and the cold come in; but one of them crushed the bottle on a
+wagon wheel, and they took the body home.
+
+It was afterwards learned that he had ridden up to one farm house
+three times and inquired the way home, and each time started off in
+the wrong direction. He had lost the sense of direction and was
+tempest tossed, like a ship in mid-ocean without a pilot.
+
+The next day three sturdy men started for Topeka with a heavy team
+and wagon, and shovels to be used in getting through the snow-drifts.
+They were going for a coffin for Jake Self, and it took hard work for
+almost the entire day before they reached the city.
+
+And so Jake Self died, January 27, 1873, as indicated upon the marble
+slab.
+
+
+
+The Yankee and His Hog--and Other Troubles
+
+Marus Doyen came straight from the heart of Maine to Wakarusa. His
+family consisted of himself and wife and an old mother who had made
+the journey with them. It did not take him long to provide
+comfortable habitations for himself and one horse and a cow, and he
+interested everyone by the ingenuity with which he constructed his
+buildings, so tight that even the Kansas wind could not blow through
+them, and as though he were calculating on the same kind of
+temperature during winter time that his home State produced.
+
+He looked about him and got acquainted with his neighbors, and soon
+concluded that he should buy a hog to fatten up for the small amount
+of pork and lard that his family would need. Big Aaron Coberly sold
+him a fine, husky pig, and when he delivered him he found that the
+Yankee had made a good pen for him, not very big, but stout, and with
+a warm bed fixed in one corner that was well sheltered. A few days
+afterwards, one of the neighbors came by, and Doyen called him over
+to see his hog, and said:
+
+"He's surely got the right name, because he eats more than the horse
+and cow both. By George, he is a perfect hog; and he hasn't any sense
+about his bed; has picked up every straw and carried it over to the
+other corner of his pen, and keeps it there. He's also making trouble
+by digging into the ground with his nose, and has one hole where he's
+dug so deep that he nearly stands on his head when he's working in
+it."
+
+The neighbor advised him to cut the hog's nose in slashes or put
+rings in it, but told him that the more of a hog the hog made of
+himself, the better hog he would be. The Yankee scratched his head as
+he received this advice, and said nothing; but a few days afterwards
+the neighbor was going near his place and heard a terrible squealing,
+and went over and found the Yankee hanging onto the fence of the pig
+pen with a hoe in his hand, and he noticed that the hog's face was
+covered with blood where the Yankee had been trying to slash his nose
+with the hoe ground sharp as a razor. When the neighbor stopped to
+observe the proceedings, Doyen told him that this hog was the trial
+of his life; that he hated to cut his nose, but had finally concluded
+he must do so, and that he couldn't throw him down and handle him
+himself, so he had sharpened up his hoe and was trying to fix him so
+he couldn't dig in the ground. Resting on the hoe for a minute, the
+Yankee said:
+
+"He's one of my troubles, sure enough; but we've had others. My
+wife's had an awful time trying to wash our clothes. The water will
+turn all sorts of colors and mix up like buttermilk every time she
+puts soap in it, and finally someone told her that she had to break
+the water. I've heard of breaking horses and colts and oxen, but I
+never heard of breaking water; but, by George, that's what we're
+having to do!"
+
+
+
+The Trail That Never Was Traveled
+
+As you drive from Topeka to the stone bridge, just before you enter
+the valley, you notice what may appear to be a road extending
+eastward between two fences set about thirty feet apart. The way is
+rough and stony, and full of weeds and brush, and if you ask whether
+it is a laid-out road, you will be informed that it is, and that
+years ago road viewers went over it and established it as one of the
+public roads of Shawnee County. If you ask whether it was ever
+traveled, the answer will be, "no." And if you ask why it was laid
+out, this will be the explanation:
+
+William Cartmill, a tall, vigorous, turbulent Irishman, owned the
+land to the north. George Franks, a hard-working, sturdy, honest,
+conservative Englishman owned the land to the south. They never
+agreed about anything. Franks was a church man, and loved peace and
+quiet. Stern necessity had taught him the ways of a pioneer. He could
+build a good log house without a nail or any other article that would
+cost money, and with very few tools beside his ax and broadax.
+Cartmill paid no attention to the church, and was always in a row of
+some kind. He had a good heart, but he was naturally full of
+devilment, and he enjoyed making trouble for Franks. He soon learned
+that Franks was afraid of him, or at least he treated Franks as
+though he were. The fact was, that the Englishman did not fear him,
+but simply wanted to avoid trouble with him; but it was all the same
+to Cartmill, and gave him an excuse for making Franks all the trouble
+he could. He found Franks starting to build a fence one day along the
+line, and went out and ordered him off, and yelled after him as he
+went:
+
+"You know bloody well that the line's four hundred yards further
+south, and if I catch yez here any more I'll cut your heart out and
+set it up on a sharp rock."
+
+Of course, Franks was right about the line, but Cartmill quarreled
+with him until it became necessary to get a county surveyor to make a
+definite location and plant the corner-stone. Franks then built a
+fence just two feet south of the line, and as soon as he finished it
+Cartmill hitched onto it. This gave Cartmill the use of the fence and
+two feet of the Franks land. Of course, Franks didn't like this, and
+he tried to find some legal way to get rid of the annoyance without
+bringing a direct suit against Cartmill, and so he petitioned for a
+road to be laid out. The neighbors helped him with it, although they
+all knew that the road never would be traveled, and thus it was that
+years ago there was established a laid-out road along the brow of the
+Wakarusa hills, running over gullies and bluffs where no one would or
+could travel.
+
+Cartmill used the lane for a calf pasture in the summer and a place
+to shoot rabbits in the winter, and always claimed that he had the
+best of the row.
+
+To this day the lane is a rendezvous for rabbit and quail, and as the
+country boys tramp through it they thank all the lucky stars for the
+row between the English and the Irish.
+
+
+
+The Conversion of Cartmill
+
+The Berry Creek Methodist church was a religious institution. It
+didn't pretend to have any other purpose nor function than to promote
+the getting of religion. There was no attempt to provide amusements
+or recreation, nor to make the church organization a club or a cult
+of any kind or character. The preachers and the members simply
+preached the old-time religion and insisted that every human being
+must get religion or go to hell. They were not so particular as to
+whether you joined the church, although it was usually urged that
+persons having got religion would do so. However, as a protection to
+the church and to prevent cluttering up their records, it was always
+provided that no matter how earnestly one professed religion, he must
+remain on probation for six months before being taken into the
+church. Experience showed that this was a wise provision, since many
+who professed religion did not remain steadfast long enough to become
+members of the church, and therefore the church officials were not
+compelled to carry them upon their books (if they kept books) as
+members, nor to indulge in the humiliating process of putting them
+out of the church because they had become backsliders.
+
+It must be recorded that its ministers did not temporize with sin in
+any form, and that drinking, card-playing, dancing and other
+indulgences of worldly men and women were not classified as one being
+more sinful than the other, but all were condemned; and the person
+seeking religion was urged to put the devil behind him, which meant
+that he must abandon all self-indulgence and worldly pleasure and
+dedicate his life to service and sacrifice for good. Their ministers
+were sometimes embarrassed when called to preach the funeral of some
+person who had died in sin according to the doctrines of the church;
+but they were usually more or less resourceful at such times, and
+without giving way one jot or one tittle, and without indulging in
+elasticity of faith, they would manage to give comfort to bereaved
+friends and relatives, at the same time warning all of the
+uncertainty of life and the necessity of preparation for death.
+
+The principal activity of the church consisted in holding a revival
+meeting once a year in the Berry Creek school-house, and during the
+winter of which this is written the meeting commenced early. Crops
+had ripened early in the fall, so that the corn was practically all
+shucked and in the crib by Thanksgiving time; potatoes and other
+vegetables had been gathered and cared for, and apples stored away in
+cellars or sealed up in great holes made in the ground. The meeting
+started off well. For some reason a good attendance was present the
+first night, and the preacher clustered his sermon and exhortation
+around the inquiry, "Where will you spend eternity?" It is not an
+exaggeration to say that during the next day hundreds of people,
+either directly or by grapevine-method, told others of the eloquence
+of the minister and of his earnestness, and of the fact that there
+seemed to be in the atmosphere of the meeting the presence of the
+Holy Spirit that stirred them all in a wonderful way.
+
+The weather was pleasant and the attendance at the meetings
+increased, as night after night the revival spirit animated those in
+attendance. After some days of good weather a rainy period set in,
+and this continued more than two weeks; but this did not halt the
+attendance nor dampen the fire that had been kindled at the meetings.
+Early in the evening the roads and trails would be full of persons
+afoot, on horseback, or in wagons, all happy and more or less noisy,
+making their way through the mud to the little school-house. The
+building would be crowded, and the windows thrown up so that persons
+standing on the outside under the eaves could hear and see all that
+was going on, and occasionally take part in the songs or exclamations
+which made up more or less of the service.
+
+John MacDonald was trying to teach school during the daytime in the
+building, but he was having a hard time of it. He was his own
+janitor, and when he would come to build a fire in the morning and
+find two or three inches of mud on the floor, and all of his kindling
+and ready fuel burned up, he would sometimes be exasperated. In fact,
+one evening at the meeting, among those who stood outside, it was
+reported that MacDonald had complained to the board, and a new
+convert expressed the sentiment of those present when he said:
+
+"Hell, John's all right; but he's a damn Presbyterian, and can't be
+expected to know much about getting religion."
+
+Someone rebuked the speaker for using profanity, since he was one of
+the converts; and modifying his language, he said:
+
+"I'm durned if it ain't purty hard to quit swearing, but I'm doing
+the best I can, and I think if this meeting runs on another week I'll
+be all right."
+
+The meetings continued, and finally the rainy weather suddenly
+terminated, and the temperature went down lower and lower, until by
+Christmas time the thermometer showed zero weather, and day after day
+it was cold enough that sun-dogs followed the sun all day long.
+
+As the weather grew colder the meetings grew warmer. Practically
+everyone for miles around attended, and the most of them got
+religion. It was no unusual thing for awkward country lads who had
+never made a public address, to stand up and in eloquent though
+trembling voice profess their change of heart and their desire to do
+right, and without embarrassment exhort their friends to join them.
+Modest women who scorned unseemly conduct or notoriety would go up
+and down the little room urging those whom they knew to take
+advantage of the promises of God; and if they did at times shout and
+cry out, or jump up and down, or throw themselves upon the floor or
+the bench used for an altar, it was all because of the exaltation of
+the hour and a part of their good intent and good purpose. A dance in
+the neighborhood was simply out of the question, and it would have
+been hard to find a playing-card left unburned; and in their efforts
+to put away worldly things, many tobacco-soaked men gave up the use
+of the weed. One night a convert told of his experience in this
+behalf, and said he had had some awful dreams, and one was that he
+was sitting on a hill north of the Wakarusa Valley, and that there
+was a terrible drouth, on account of which the river was dry, and
+that the devil came to him with a plug of tobacco that reached from
+him clear over to Carbondale, and that in his weakness he had chewed,
+and spit in the river, and that he had chewed the entire plug and had
+spit in the river until it run off as though there had been a
+terrible rain.
+
+The meeting kept going, and finally Dr. Taylor, who had been counted
+as an unbeliever, came and got religion and helped in the
+exhortations. One night in urging the benefits of religion upon an
+audience, he pointed to George Franks, and said:
+
+"Look, what the religion of Christ has done for Brother Franks. He
+was a wife-beater and a drunkard----"
+
+Just there Brother Franks interrupted him, and half arising from his
+seat, he said:
+
+"Brother, not a wife-beater."
+
+The Doctor corrected himself and went on with his illustration, which
+was just as good without the charge which was denied.
+
+John MacDonald, notwithstanding the incident hereinbefore related,
+became an attendant at the meeting, and more than once, in his
+conservative and humorous way, took part and showed his full
+appreciation of the spirit of reform and revival that pervaded the
+neighborhood, and his full sympathy with every honest effort to do
+good and make men lead better lives. And so they came from up and
+down the valley and everywhere, the rich and the poor, the good and
+the bad, the conservative and the excitable, and all were melted
+together in religious effort. It is true that there was sometimes
+confusion because different persons would insist upon singing their
+favorite hymn at the same time; but it did not seem out of the way
+when Mrs. Hughes, in recollection of earlier days in Wales, would
+sing, "I've Reached the Land of Corn and Wine;" and an old Scotchman
+would start up "I'm Far Frae My Hame, and I'm Weary Aften Whiles;"
+and another would sing "How Firm a Foundation Ye Saints of the Lord;"
+and another, "Shall We Gather at the River;" and all liable to be
+interrupted by a grand old chap who would yell, rather than sing,
+"It's the Old Time Religion and It's Good Enough for Me."
+
+It is not passing strange that many of the youngsters who attended
+the meeting simply considered the services as entertainment, although
+in later life in thinking it over they were able to understand that
+when men and women make up their minds to abandon selfish purposes
+and do right at all times and in all places they naturally become
+possessed of the spirit of happiness, of exaltation and praise that
+easily accounted for the wonderful services held during such a
+revival.
+
+One day little Tommy Cartmill went to the teacher and said:
+
+"I have lost my revolver somewhere about the school grounds, and if
+you are at church tonight I wish you would announce it so that if
+anyone finds it they will return it to me."
+
+MacDonald was amazed that a little chap of thirteen years would be
+carrying a revolver, and after telling him what he thought about such
+practice, he said that he would undertake to find the lost weapon by
+making the announcement requested. That night the teacher made the
+announcement which he had promised, and this reminded those present
+that the old man Cart mill had not attended the meeting and was still
+out in the cold world of sin; and immediately many voices plead with
+the Lord that Cartmill might see the error of his ways, and that the
+Spirit might come down upon him, and that he might be saved. Whether
+because of the power of prayer or of the fact that his name had been
+mentioned at the meeting, it soon came about that Cartmill attended
+the services. He was a tall, strong, lanky Irishman, with a bushy
+head that looked as though it never had been combed, and his quarrels
+with Franks and other neighbors had made him more or less of a
+terror. He was entirely too large to use the ordinary school pupil's
+seat, and he therefore stood up near the door. He gave no indication
+of his attitude toward the meeting except to make a few scornful
+remarks now and then on the outside, but about the third night in the
+midst of a glorious period of exhortation and song he came bolting up
+the aisle like a mad buffalo; but as he turned around it was seen
+that tears streamed down his face, and commencing in a broken way, he
+implored the forgiveness of all whom he had wronged, and begged the
+prayers and help of all that he might get religion and be saved. Many
+crowded around him as he talked, and prayed for him, when he finally
+threw himself over the altar. George Franks and others whom he had
+terrorized put their arms around him and held to him and prayed for
+him as though he were the most precious mortal on earth. Finally he
+announced that the light had come to him, and he stood up to testify.
+Among other things he confessed that he had wronged Brother Franks,
+and he said:
+
+"I have done more than any of yez know. I stole his plow, a new one,
+that he left in the field; and I didn't stale it to kape it, but I
+stole it because of the divil that was in me; and I threw it in the
+Wakarusa in the dape hole by the big sycamore tree."
+
+This and many other confessions he made. The meeting held till far in
+the night, and after it had broken up one could hear people on their
+way home talking loud of what a glorious meeting it had been, and an
+occasional voice would praise the Lord for his power to forgive and
+wipe out sin. The next day some sturdy youngsters cut the ice in the
+deep hole, where it was more than a foot thick, and hooked and
+grappled around in the water until they found the lost plow, and they
+pulled it out and carried it home to Franks. So it was that the
+confession was verified, and a real loss restored and made good by
+the influence of religion.
+
+It matters not whether the church books ever showed that Cartmill
+remained steadfast until he became a member, but it must be recorded
+that he did get religion, and that his religion changed, influenced
+and made better his life, and that from that time forward no man in
+the whole community was less to be feared or was more helpful or
+considerate in his dealings or contact with his neighbors.
+
+
+
+A Fourth of July Speech
+
+A few of the neighbors held a meeting to arrange for a Fourth of July
+picnic that was to be held in the grove near the big spring that
+breaks through the rocky banks of the Wakarusa one and a half miles
+below the stone bridge, and they had quite a dispute over whether
+they would invite John Martin or Joseph G. Waters to make the speech.
+An old mossback Democrat insisted that they have Martin. He said that
+Martin was a real Jeffersonian Democrat, and knew more about what the
+Fourth of July was made for than anybody else. A couple of younger
+men in the crowd insisted on having Joe Waters. They said that Joe
+was a Republican sure enough, but not Republican enough to hurt, and
+that he made a stem-windin' good speech. After considerable wrangle
+it was decided to invite Joe, and he consented to make the talk.
+
+On the morning of the Fourth, along all the trails and roads people
+traveled, finding their way to the grove; and just about noon Captain
+Waters arrived with a livery team and buggy, with a negro boy
+driving; and he drove smashing and stomping in a reckless manner all
+around among the trees, almost running over some of the dinner
+baskets that were set about on the ground. The Captain took charge
+from the time he arrived. Everything that was done, he had to tell
+how to do it. One old woman had built a little fire between a couple
+of rocks to make some coffee, and he went up to her and told her that
+it was just as fair to drink coffee on the Fourth of July as on
+Christmas, and that he knew more about making coffee than the man who
+invented it. And in spite of her protests he made the coffee, and, of
+course, was welcome to help drink it.
+
+After dinner, they backed a wagon up to an open place on the ground
+where some seats had been arranged, and Joe jumped in, and then
+reached for and pulled at the old man Kosier, who climbed up and
+called the crowd to order, made a few remarks on his own account, and
+then introduced and started off the Captain.
+
+Joe stretched up his arms and called loudly for everyone to draw
+near. He said that he proposed to ask some questions and find out
+some things before he decided whether he would make a speech to such
+a crowd. "First," he said, "I want to know why you call that man Big
+Aaron Coberly, and that one Little Aaron;" and as he spoke he pointed
+to Aaron, Senior, who weighed one hundred and forty pounds, and then
+to Aaron, Junior, who weighed two hundred and forty. An old lady's
+voice, cracked, but earnest, piped up:
+
+"Big Aaron used to be the biggest--he was grown up when little Aaron
+was a baby."
+
+"Fair enough," said Joe; and everybody laughed.
+
+"Another thing," said Joe, "I want to know whether you people are up
+on figures or whether you are a bunch of joshers. I heard Dick Disney
+ask Coker what he would take for his lower eighty, and Coker said he
+would take sixteen hundred dollars for it. Dick said he'd be damned
+if he'd give it--he would give twenty dollars per acre and no more.
+Coker told him to go to hell; and just then Wash Berry, Bill Cartmill
+and a half a dozen others crowded around and told them they ought to
+compromise. This talk was pulled off within ten feet of me," said Joe
+in a loud voice, "and I want to know if you think you can play horse
+with me, or is it possible you're all crazy in your arithmetic?"
+
+A youngster yelled, "It's you 'at's crazy," and ran off through the
+woods.
+
+After several further inquiries of this character the Captain said he
+was satisfied, and would go on with his talk.
+
+It was a great day for Joe, and the people too; and there are some of
+them now who remember different portions of his speech, and
+especially one part that was more or less prophetic of the destiny of
+our country and of the fact that our soldiers might have to serve
+across the seas. This part was as follows:
+
+"If I see the flag in unending line flung high up the city's wall,
+shining and shimmering all day long, it is my flag, bless God! If far
+out on the bleak desert, parched, barren and desolate, I see it fluff
+and flutter about the white adobe walls of the fort, it is my flag.
+If far at sea beneath the unclouded sky, the sun silvering the
+endless billows, it rises out of the eternal depths in its rippling
+folds, my blood may chill, my eyes may fill, my heart may still, for
+it is my flag that crests the ocean. If in a strange and alien land,
+alone, solitary and homesick, the pomp of royalty on every hand,
+suddenly there should burst in view, way up the shaded avenue, the
+glory, red and white and blue, oh, for the Kaiser and his crown, on
+me and mine to then look down, I'd lift my head and proudly say,
+'That is my flag you see today, and isn't it a dandy, eh?' And I
+would tell his ermined queen, of all the heavens and earth between,
+it is the grandest thing that flies, o'er land or sea, beneath the
+skies! And as the years may go, as falls the snow, as flowers may
+blow, come weal or woe, that banner is my flag, I know."
+
+At the close of the day, the chairman of the committee was heard to
+remark:
+
+"Well, considerin' as how Joe wouldn't take any pay, and insisted on
+paying for the livery horses himself, and then bought out the stand
+of all the candy and cigars and give it all away among the crowd--I
+guess we got our money's worth."
+
+
+
+The Phantom Fisherman and Other Ghosts
+
+One morning in early June a ten-year-old lad, having been given a
+half-holiday, dug a fine mess of luscious worms, put them in a tin
+can with plenty of good dirt, and started off up Berry Creek to fish
+for bullheads and sunfish. He went through the papaw patch and cut a
+nice long pole, and took time to fix his line on it in good shape,
+and to see that his cork, sinker, and hook were all right. He then
+went on through the woods, crossed the big ravines, and climbed
+around the rocky cliffs, making his way to the spot designated among
+the boys as the "bullhead hole." This was and is the best place on
+earth to fish for bullheads, and the boy knew it, and it was there he
+wanted to commence the day's sport. Finally he climbed over the last
+ledge, forced his way through the brush and came in sight of his
+favorite place, and, to his astonishment, he found an aged,
+peculiar looking man sitting under the old sycamore tree in the very
+spot where he had planned to be. He walked slowly up to a place as
+near the old man as good manners would permit, unwound his line and
+put on a good lively worm and commenced.
+
+The old man paid no attention to him whatever, and, on watching
+him closely, the boy noticed that he was fishing for minnows with a
+pin-hook fastened to a thread, and this tied to a crooked stick. He
+put the minnows he caught into a tin bucket which was sitting at his
+feet, partially full of water. As soon as the boy noticed what he was
+doing, he set his pole and went up to him and offered to take off his
+shirt and help him seine for minnows with it. The old man looked up
+and said:
+
+"Boy, I wouldn't fish with minnows caught with the best seine on
+earth. Your shirt wouldn't be much account as a seine; and anyway,
+they're never big enough. I am on my way to Wakarusa, and I want some
+good, strong, live minnows. A man who fishes with seined minnows is
+no account. More than that, you have no business to get your shirt
+wet. You tend to your fishin' and I'll tend to mine. Andrew Jackson
+said he knew a man who got rich tending to his own business."
+
+This was a good deal of a bluff for the boy, and he proceeded as had
+been suggested, and "tended to his own business." It was a good
+morning for bullheads, and he soon got their range and commenced
+catching them. In fact, they were biting so well that he didn't stop
+to string any of those he caught, but threw them back on the bank;
+and just to see to it that the stranger did not forget he was there,
+he usually threw them toward the foot of the sycamore tree.
+
+After a while the old man took his thread off the crooked stick and
+wound it up, poured most of the water off his minnows, and then
+filled the bucket again with fresh water, splashing it in with his
+hand so that it would be as full of oxygen as possible; and then he
+took out an old pipe and filled it, and as he commenced to smoke he
+looked around at the ground, spotted with wriggling bullheads and
+sunfish, and for the boy, who had experienced a lull in his
+activities long enough to allow him to commence to pick up and string
+the fish he had caught.
+
+The boy looked at him, and he brightened up and said:
+
+"Kid, you're having a good time, and I don't blame you. I am going
+down to Wakarusa to fish for big fish, but, after all, you've got
+more sense than I. The bullhead is the safest and surest fish for
+meat, and he's not bad sport either, because he usually bites like he
+meant business, although he may be a little slow. The bullhead is a
+good deal like the rabbit in one way--he's sure food. There's more
+rabbit meat on foot in Kansas than there is beef or pork, and it's
+all good. The buffalo was all right in his time, but even he didn't
+come up to the rabbit. The bullhead reminds me of the rabbit, and the
+rabbit reminds me of the bullhead."
+
+The old man stopped talking, and acted as though he were about to
+start off, when the boy asked him where he was going on the Wakarusa
+to fish, and he said:
+
+"I don't know just where I'll wind up. I have fished in every hole in
+Wakarusa from way above the Wakarusa falls down stream nearly to
+Lawrence, and sometimes I go to one place and sometimes to another.
+I've fished for bullheads, too, and for sunfish, in every place that
+the water is deep enough from the place where Berry Creek starts,
+over in the coal banks by Carbondale, down to the Sac and Fox spring
+and all along Lynn Creek, especially in the part that's full of
+boulders and little round pebbles, with here and there a riffle made
+by a broken flat rock. And boy, I want to tell you something--some
+days you can catch fish like you've been catching 'em this morning,
+and some days you can't. I've seen days so dull that even the bite of
+a crawfish was welcome."
+
+The old man started off, and then came back and took the boy by the
+shoulder and almost shook him as he said:
+
+"Don't tell anyone that you saw me. It's nobody's business." And then
+he went away.
+
+The boy was not at all afraid, although the man was a total stranger,
+and looked and acted very queer. The next day he told Joe Coberly
+about meeting him, and Joe said:
+
+"That old cuss is not real. He's around here every once in a while,
+and always has been. Nobody knows where he lives nor where he comes
+from or goes to. He must have been in a good humor or you wouldn't
+have caught so many fish, because he can give you good luck or bad
+luck; and there's always something strange happenin' when you hear of
+him around. Last night something had one of my horses out and run him
+nearly to death; his mane was all tied in knots this morning, and he
+was wringin' wet with sweat when I went into the barn; and the barn
+doors were all fastened just as I had left them, too. You never can
+tell what's goin' to happen when that old devil's pretendin' to fish
+up and down the creek."
+
+The boy told the story to a number of people, and soon found that
+practically all of the old-timers thought just the same as did Joe
+Coberly, and that they believed that there was something mysterious
+and unreal about the fisherman he met at the bullhead hole.
+
+
+
+II.
+
+The boy treasured up what had been told him about the ghost
+fisherman, and although he had been taught at home that there were no
+ghosts, every story of that nature interested him. One night he was
+at the home of Uncle Bill Matney. It was about ten o'clock, and they
+were all seated around the big fire that was roaring in the
+fireplace. Uncle Bill was playing "Natchez Under the Hill" on the
+fiddle, when suddenly they heard a horse coming on a dead run over
+the rocky road that led toward the house. The fiddle stopped, and
+everybody listened, and Uncle Bill said:
+
+"That must be Little Jim Lynn. Nobody else is damn fool enough to
+ride like that."
+
+Pretty soon the horse stopped by the side of the house, and they
+could all hear the saddle hit the ground, and then the bridle, after
+which the horse trotted away and Little Jim stalked into the house.
+As he pulled off his gloves and threw them in a corner, Uncle Bill
+said:
+
+"What the hell's the matter, Jim?"
+
+And Jim said:
+
+"O, nothing, only a damn ghost--saw him down on the bluff by Mark
+Young's corner."
+
+Jim was white as death, and everybody listened, but he didn't say
+anything more until Uncle Bill said:
+
+"War he beckonin', Jim?"
+
+And Jim said:
+
+"No, he warn't beckonin', but he was there just the same."
+
+Uncle Bill tuned up his fiddle, and before he resumed playing, said:
+
+"Well, if he warn't beckonin' it's all right."
+
+Just at that point the boy broke in to inquire what difference it
+made whether the ghost was beckoning, and two or three explained to
+him that if a ghost beckoned to you that someone in your family would
+die within a year.
+
+
+
+III.
+
+The boy was just skeptic enough to have plenty of fun listening to
+ghost stories by people who believed or half way believed them; and
+it became a habit of his to bring up the subject in talking with
+different people, and listen to their ghost stories if any might be
+provoked.
+
+One spring he heard a ghost story that clung to him, and as he grew
+older and older the ghost in the story seemed more real. It was
+during the spring roundup of cattle, and he and an old Westerner had
+been riding and working together for a number of days cutting out and
+separating cattle, and taking some to one range and some to another,
+when, after a long day's ride over the hills of Wabaunsee County,
+they found that they were not able to reach home, and made a camp at
+Wakarusa falls. They boiled some coffee and fried some salt meat, and
+this, together with some bread and some hard-boiled eggs, made a good
+supper. Afterwards they lay down with their saddles for pillows and
+commenced the usual process of talking one another to sleep. Looking
+up at the stars and out at their dying fire, the boy thought of the
+phantom fisherman and other ghosts, and asked the old ranger what he
+knew about such. The old fellow stretched out on the ground, and
+reaching over took hold of the boy, as he said:
+
+"Kid, I guess I've seen as many ghosts as anybody, but there's one
+that I never forget, and it's always comin' back to me. Years ago,
+when I wasn't any older than you, way back in York State, I coaxed my
+father and mother ever so many times to let me come out West. We had
+some folks living out this way, and from the letters they wrote, I
+was crazy to come out here. They didn't want me to come, and said I
+ought to go to school, and tried to make me go to school; but I
+wouldn't do any good in school nor at anything else, and once or
+twice I run away from home, and they caught me and brought me back.
+One day my mother called me into the house, and I noticed that my
+father was sitting down at the table and that there was a chair near
+his where she had been sitting. She asked me to sit down, and she
+pulled up another chair, and then she said: 'Jack, we've been
+talking about you, and we know that you want to go out West, and that
+you want to go so bad that you're not doin' any good here. Your Paw
+and I have talked it over, and thought it over, and prayed over it,
+and we think that maybe it would be best for you to go, and we're
+goin' to give you what we can spare and let you strike out.' We
+hadn't had a letter from the folks in the West for a long time, but
+we hunted up the old address, and Mother tied up a big bundle of
+clothes for me, and they gave me a railroad ticket and nine dollars
+and fifty cents, which was all the money they had in the house. On
+the day I left I started for the station on foot, and looked back
+many times because Father and Mother both were hanging over the gate
+watching me go. I don't know how many times I looked back, Kid, but I
+do know that I looked back enough that the looks of them has been
+with me all these years; and lots and lots of times it seems to me
+that I can see the old man as he held up his hand and yelled
+'Goodbye, boy, goodbye!' and Ma right by his side. It may be that
+there ain't any real ghosts for some people, but them old faces are
+real when they come back to me. It's more than thirty years, and ever
+so long I thought I'd go back and see them some day, and I used to
+write them that I would, but I never did; and they're both gone now.
+Their ghost is all I have, and I kind o' like it, and wouldn't trade
+it off for anything in the world."
+
+As the story ended the stars gradually went out for the boy, and he
+thought no more of ghosts until morning. Since then, he has
+accumulated quite a number of ghosts of his own of the same kind and
+character as the ones that followed the old cattleman, all born of
+the grief of separation, and they are all real to him and have become
+part of his life.
+
+
+
+An Indian Christmas
+(A legend of the camp by the spring.)
+
+On Christmas night the Indian camp was a noisy place. The fires were
+burning brightly in every tepee, and shouts and laughter told of the
+good time that was being had by everyone as a part of the celebration
+that the old French priest had taught them to have.
+
+Outside the wind was blowing cold, with skiffs of snow. A strange boy
+wandered into the camp. He stopped at the tent of the chief and asked
+that he be admitted and given food and allowed to get warm. The chief
+drove him away. He went to the tent of Shining Star and tried to be
+admitted, but Shining Star grunted, and his boys drove him away with
+whips. He then went to many of the tents, including those of Eagle
+Eye and Black Feather, but none would receive him, and at one they
+set a dog upon him. His feet were bare, and tears were frozen on his
+cheeks. He was about to leave the camp, when he noticed a small tepee
+made of bearskin off by itself. He walked slowly to it, and quietly
+peeped in. Inside he saw the deformed Indian, who was known
+everywhere by the name of Broken Back. His squaw sat near him,
+preparing a scanty meal for them and their children. The children
+were playing on the ground, but were watching their mother closely,
+for they were hungry. The fire was low, and the boy started to turn
+away, and broke a twig that lay on the ground.
+
+Broken Back ran out and stopped him as he was about to turn away.
+
+"What do you want?" he said.
+
+The boy commenced to cry.
+
+"I am so cold and hungry," he said, "and I have been to all the
+tents, and they will not let me in."
+
+Then Broken Back took him by the hand and led him into the tent, and
+they divided the food with him, and built up the fire until he became
+warm and happy. They urged him to stay all night and until the storm
+was over.
+
+So he sat on the ground near the fire and talked and played with the
+children until it was time to go to sleep.
+
+Then he stood up, and they all noticed that he was tall, and as they
+looked they saw that he was a man instead of a boy. His clothes were
+good, and over his shoulder hung a beautiful blanket, and over his
+head was a bonnet with feathers of strange birds upon it. As they
+looked, he reached out his hand and said:
+
+"Broken Back, you have been good to a poor, cold and hungry boy. You
+and all of yours shall have plenty."
+
+And Broken Back stood up; and he was deformed no more, but was large
+and strong and well, and his squaw stood by his side, and both were
+dressed in the best of Indian clothes. The children jumped about with
+joy, as they noticed that they were at once supplied with many things
+that they had always wanted.
+
+"Broken Back," he said, "you shall be chief of your tribe. And all of
+your people shall love and respect and honor you. And your name shall
+be Broken Back no longer, but shall be Holy Mountain."
+
+And as they talked, all of the Indians of the tribe came marching
+about his tent shouting in gladness, "Great is Holy Mountain, our
+chief, forever."
+
+As they shouted, he disappeared, and they saw him no more.
+
+The next day the good priest came to the camp, and they told him what
+had happened, and he said, "It was Jesus."
+
+END OF TALES AND TRAILS OF WAKARUSA
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Tales and Trails of Wakarusa, by 
+Alexander Miller Harvey
+
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